jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Oral History as a Primary Resource in Educational Research

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Traditionally, educational researchers have based their findings on strictly quantifiable data, usually obtained through the use of standardized tests, interview schedules, or surveys that have been designed by the researcher. Generally, there is an unwritten assumption that to be valid a research project must be as close as possible to being an experimental design. Most of us share this feeling (because of our training at the doctoral level) although we are aware that it is seldom that the real world will meet the criteria of an experimental research design. Even when very cleanly designed results are obtained, hypotheses tested, and the results stated, we sometimes have the feeling that the data is not giving us a full picture of what was going on in reality. In other words, the findings the educational researcher presents are often of absolutely no use to the educational practitioner. There is difficulty in bridging the gap between the real world of the classroom and the results that the well-trained, well-meaning evaluators could produce. Because of this, there is an increasing interest in research methodology that would deviate from the standard approach. One of the ways being proposed to bridge the gap between researchers, teachers, administrators, and policymakers is to try to get a fuller, more detailed, more human view of what is going
A transparent and ubiquitous access framework for networking and embedded system laboratories

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract With the advances in network technology and development of an e‐learning population, using the Internet to realize a distance laboratory has become prevalent and the distance laboratory can be accessed anytime from anywhere. However, it is difficult to present a seamless environment from the traditional physical laboratory into a distance laboratory. Practical devices in the traditional laboratory rarely supported distance access functions, and thus, constructing distance laboratories is difficult and time consuming. Hence, this work presents a distance laboratory framework with transparent and ubiquitous access platforms for various console‐based experiments, especially for networking and embedded system laboratories. The proposed system can support multiple users to access a device at the same time. Thus, students can easily share their experiences with each other to increase cooperative learning chances. Moreover, the proposed framework can be integrated to various distance laboratories and the user can access multiple platforms in one or several distance laboratories at the same time. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework can effectively improve the learning effect and the access platform can be used to increase the utilization of system resources. It can also reduce the cost of conducting laboratories and enhance student learning interest. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 20: 321–331, 2012
Is the outcome of fitting hearing aids to adults affected by whether an audiogram-based prescription formula is individually applied? A systematic review protocol

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction Hearing aids are typically programmed using the individual’s audiometric thresholds. Developments in technology have resulted in a new category of direct-to-consumer devices, which are not programmed using the individual’s audiometric thresholds. This review aims to identify whether programming hearing aids using the individual’s audiogram-based prescription results in better outcomes for adults with hearing loss. Methods and analysis The methods of this review are reported in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. On 23 August 2020, eight different databases were systematically searched without any restrictions: EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Emcare and Academic Search Premier. To ensure that this review includes the most recent evidence, the searches will be repeated at the final write-up stage. The population of interest of this review will be adults with any degree or type of hearing loss. The studies should compare hearing aids programmed using an audiogram-based prescription (and verified in the real ear) with those not programmed on the basis of the individual’s audiogram. The primary outcome of interest is consumers’ listening preferences. Hearing-specific health-related quality of life, self-reported listening ability, speech intelligibility of words and sentences in quiet and noisy situations, sound quality ratings and adverse events are the secondary outcomes of interest. Both randomised and non-randomised controlled trials will be included. The quality of each individual study and the overall evidence will be assessed using Downs and Black’s checklist and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations tool, respectively. Ethics and dissemination We will only retrieve and analyse data from published studies, so no ethical approval is required. The review findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020197232.
Accounting learning package / Wong Ai Yieng

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The most important concern confounding the education in the world today is the development of computer-assisted teaching materials, especially interactive multimedia \nprograms that run on personal computers. The first signs of computer-delivered electronic system allowed the user to control, combine and manipulate many different \ntypes of media, such as text, sound, video, computer graphics and animation. This project is concerned with the development of an interactive multimedia educational \npackage based on the Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) Accounting. This project is implemented as a courseware with the CD-ROM as the storage medium. Besides course materials, this educational package also includes accounting system modules that can let students key in the accounting data and directly check their balance \nsheet correctly or not. For the purpose maintenance in the future, system administration also provide for teacher. This project is developed by the aid of some authoring tools such as Macromedia Director 7.0 and Visual Basic 6.0, as well as some utility tools, for example Adobe Photoshop used to modify images to get better effect.
Coordinated changes across the O2transport pathway underlie adaptive increases in thermogenic capacity in high-altitude deer mice

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Animals native to the hypoxic and cold environment at high altitude provide an excellent opportunity to elucidate the integrative mechanisms underlying the adaptive evolution and plasticity of complex traits. The capacity for aerobic thermogenesis can be a critical determinant of survival for small mammals at high altitude, but the physiological mechanisms underlying the evolution of this performance trait remain unresolved. We examined this issue by comparing high-altitude deer mice ( Peromyscus maniculatus ) with low-altitude deer mice and white-footed mice ( P. leucopus ). Mice were bred in captivity and adults were acclimated to each of four treatments: warm (25°C) normoxia, warm hypoxia (12 kPa O 2 ), cold (5°C) normoxia or cold hypoxia. Acclimation to hypoxia and/or cold increased thermogenic capacity in deer mice, but hypoxia acclimation led to much greater increases in thermogenic capacity in highlanders than in lowlanders. The high thermogenic capacity of highlanders was associated with increases in pulmonary O 2 extraction, arterial O 2 saturation, cardiac output and arterial–venous O 2 difference. Mechanisms underlying the evolution of enhanced thermogenic capacity in highlanders were partially distinct from those underlying the ancestral acclimation responses of lowlanders. Environmental adaptation has thus enhanced phenotypic plasticity and expanded the physiological toolkit for coping with the challenges at high altitude.
Beyond Gender?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

“Beyond Gender?” examines projects Joanna completed, despite serious health problems, at the end of her career--including a semi-autobiographical, postrealist lesbian romance, On Strike against God (1980), and Extra(Ordinary)People (1984), an interrogation of utopia that moves from the exceptional “female hero” in “Souls” through gender as performance in “The Mystery of the Young Gentleman” and gender polarity as redundant in “Bodies,” to a re-visioning of the Female Man’s dreadful war between Manland and Womanland. A playful, summarized gothic romance provides a coda. Essays discussed include “To Write Like a Woman,” on Willa Cather, and “Pornography by Women, for Women, with Love,” a study of the K/S phenomenon. Stories include “The Little Dirty Girl” and the poetic, feminist call to arms “Swordblades and Poppyseeds.”
The Effect of Electroacupuncture on Plasma cAMP and cGMP Contents in Rat's Acute Cerebral Infarction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose To investigate the mechanism of acupuncture treatment of acute cerebral infarction. Method A model of acute cerebral infarction was made by inserting thread Radiommunoassay was used to measure plasma cAMP and cGMP contents before and after electroacupuncture.Results Electroacupuncture made extremely low plasma cAMP content rise markedly and tend to be normal, high plasma cGMP content tend to drop and cAMP/cGMP ratio rise and tend to be normal. Conclusion Acupuncture may produce a therapeutic effect by regulating cAMP and cGMP contents and a ratio between the two and improving the blood supply to the brain tissue in the infarct area.
Genetic Diversity Analysis In Brassica rapa Using Morphological Characters

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A field experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Genetics and Plant Breeding Department, Sher-e Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to study on genetic diversity in 10 F4 lines obtained through intervarietal crosses along with 8 released varieties of Brassica rapa during November 2007 to February 2008. Different Multivariate analyses were performed to classify 18 genotypes. All the genotypes were grouped into four clusters. Cluster IV was the largest comprising of 7 genotypes and cluster II was the smallest with 2 genotypes. Cluster II had the highest intra-cluster distance and Cluster I had the lowest intra cluster distance. Inter cluster distance was maximum (11.697) between clusters II and III. The results revealed that genotypes chosen for hybridization from clusters with highest distances would give high heterotic F1 and broad spectrum of variability in segregating generations. The characters- number of primary branches/plant, number of secondary branches/plant and days to 50% flowering contributed maximum towards divergence among Brassica genotypes. Considering cluster distance, inter genotypic distance and other agronomic performance G2 and G14 from cluster I; G18 from cluster II; G1, G9 and G12 from cluster III and G16 and G17 from cluster IV may be considered as better parents for future uses in hybridization program. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(1): 11-18, March 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i1.15185
Simulating the effects of adsorption and capillary forces in geothermal reservoirs

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Until recently, geothermal reservoir simulators use flat interface thermodynamics to determine the thermodynamic state of the reservoir. Development of new simulators and the modification of existing ones has now incorporated the physics of curved interface thermodynamics. These simulators account for the effects of sorption and capillary forces. The simulators GSS and TETRAD were used to simulate the performance of a hypothetical vapordominated geothermal reservoir. GSS is a simulator specifically developed to account for adsorption by using adsorption isotherms. On the other hand, TETRAD is a commercial simulator that was modified to account for vapor pressure lowering by using capillary pressure relations. GSS and TETRAD yielded similar results. Thus, the two formulations being used to account for curved interface thermodynamics are practically equivalent. Areas for improvement of both GSS and TETRAD were identified. The hysteresis and temperature dependence of sorption and capillary properties are issues that are needed to be addressed.
DNA methylation as a biomarker of progression in barrett's carcinogenesis: Figure 1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Barrett's oesophagus (BO) increases the risk of developing oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) by around 40-fold. OAC incidence rates have increased sixfold since the 1970s but the bleak prognosis for this disease is improved by early detection. The intermediate dysplastic stage between BO and OAC is the most reliable marker of progression. However the histological presence of dysplasia is subjective due to known sampling bias along with a high inter and intraobserver variability. Aberrant DNA methylation is shown to be characteristic of certain tumours and is known to occur early during transformation. We therefore hypothesise that DNA methylation changes take place early during carcinogenesis in BO patients which could be utilised as progression biomarkers. The study aims were therefore to identify genes showing a variation in methylation through progression and to then validate them on an independent dataset. Methods DNA methylation levels were assessed across 27 578 CpG loci covering 14 000 genes in 24 of each BO and OAC test samples using arrays. Both supervised clustering (GSEA software) and unsupervised clustering (R software) were used to identify genes with a statistically significant difference in methylation in BO versus OAC. Genes present in both the lists were selected for validation. Internal validation and external validation on an independent set of 48 BO, 31 BO with dysplasia and 68 OAC samples was carried out using pyrosequencing assays. Results Supervised clustering came up with 2822 hypermethylated and 645 hypomethylated genes (p≤0.001) and unsupervised with 1563 hypermethylated and 610 hypomethylated genes (p≤0.01). Genes successfully validated include RGN (senescence marker protein-30), SLC22A18 (tumour suppressing subtransferable candidate 5), PIGR (polymeric immunoglobulin receptor), GJA12 (gap junction protein, γ2) and TCEAL7 (transcription elongation factor A – like 7). After internal validation (spearman's correlation p <0.001, coefficient=0.9), external validation was carried out and a highly statistically significant gradual increase in methylation was observed for all the above genes in OAC and BO with dysplasia compared to BO: RGN (ANOVA p<0.001, JT p=0.001), SLC22A18 (ANOVA p<0.001, JT test p<0.001), PIGR (ANOVA p<0.001, JT p<0.001), GJA12 (ANOVA p<0.001, JT p<0.001) and TCEAL7 (ANOVA p=0.008, JT p=0.001). Figure 1 PWE-094 Conclusion High throughput DNA methylation screening using arrays and robust external validation has allowed us to identify novel genes having biomarker potential previously unknown to play a role in Barrett's carcinogenesis. Further validation in an EDRN phase III study is underway.
The Evolution of Contractual and Relational Governance in IS Outsourcing

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper explores how and why contractual and relational governance evolve over time in information systems (IS) outsourcing projects. Governance is broken down into its foundation and action dimension resulting in four governance parameters: trust /norms and informal control representing relational governance; contract and formal control reflecting contractual governance. Drawing on the lenses of punctuated equilibrium and biological interaction, we examine both incremental and disruptive change along our four governance parameters. The findings from four longitudinal IS outsourcing projects suggest that incremental changes are driven by interactions between governance parameters. We found three basic patterns of interaction between governance parameters (mutualism, commensalism, competition) that explain incremental changes. In contrast, disruptive governance changes during revolutions are driven by stark contextual changes. However, interactions during equilibriums may lead to self-perpetuating dynamics that may detract governance from basic outsourcing objectives. Revolutions may break these self-perpetuating dynamics and redirect governance to basic objectives.
Intellectual Capital: The Missing Asset

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In the Information Age, merely accounting for hard assets such as machinery no longer seems appropriate. Intellectual capital or soft assets, such as knowledge and skills, are playing an increasingly important role in the current global economy. However, this paper argues that the recording of these soft assets on balance sheets will only be possible if a universally accepted method of measuring them can be created. Some suggestions for such measurement are explored and arguments both for and against accounting for intellectual capital are investigated. The paper concludes by arguing in favour of more research.
DNA-Breakage Inhibition by Bile Acids and Glycine

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The DNA-breaking and DNA-breakage-inhibiting activities of 23 steroids (bile acids, steroid hormones, neutral sterols, and oxidized cholesterols) were measured in vitro. No compounds examined broke DNA, but some bile acids such as taurocholic, lithocholic, ursodeoxycholic, chenodeoxycholic, and hyocholic. acids inhibited DNA breakage by ascorbic acid. Taurocholic acid had the highest inhibiting activity at concentrations above 10mmol, but its constituents, taurine and cholic acid, had no activity. On the contrary, glycine was an ihibitor although glycine-conjugated bile acids were not effective. Analysis of the structure-activity relationship of bile acids suggested that the H group but not the OH group in the 12-position of the molecule is required for the DNA-breakage-inhibiting activity of non-conjugated bile acid. Among the conjugated bile acids having the OH group in the 7, 12-positions, taurocholic acid had the DNA-breakage-inhibiting activity, but not glycocholic acid, although glycine, but not taurine, was effective.
Effect of Gossypol on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Human Cervical Carcinoma Hela Cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

To investigate the effect of gossypol on Hela cells of cervical carcinoma.The sensitivity test of gossypol was carried out by MTT assay to observe the cell growth inhibiting rate;cell apoptosis was observed by fluorescence microscopy-acridine orange/ethidium bromide double staining and flow cytometry.cell protein of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL was observed by immunohistochemistry.The result of MTT assay indicated gossypol was effective in inhibiting the proliferation of Hela cells.The increasing effect time and concentration of gosspol to result in the increasing inhibition rate.The result of AO/EB double staining and flow cytometry showed that gossypol induced Hela cells apoptosis significantly.The result of immunohistochemistry indicated that gossypol down-regulated expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL.Gossypol effectively inhibits the Hela cells of cervical carcinoma.
Investigation of the ice dam at Sundance Rapids on the Lower Nelson River

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Hydropower production is significantly reduced during the winter months at the Limestone Generating Station, located on the Lower Nelson River in northern Manitoba, due to an ice dam that forms 3.25 kilometers downstream at Sundance Rapids. This research investigates the annual ice dam at Sundance Rapids, focusing on identifying trends between the severity and timing of ice dam formation and release with regards to meteorological and hydrologic conditions. The absence of site-specific data in previous studies has limited progress on modelling the ice dam and exploring ice mitigation strategies to optimize power generation. The ice dam has been monitored over the 2019/2020 winter season through the establishment of a comprehensive field monitoring program, which included a weather station, trail cameras, water level loggers and water temperature sensors. Where traditional site surveys are considered too dangerous, photogrammetry and large-scale particle image velocimetry techniques were tested as a method for collecting quantitative measurements of the physical ice dam and estimating water velocities near the ice dam. The monitoring identified a strong thermal response of the ice dam, where decay/release periods generally occurred when air temperatures increased above -15°C, often coinciding with large changes in air temperature (ΔT ~20°C). As a continuation of previous work, a CRISSP2D model has been evaluated using the 2019/2020 field data. Deficiencies were found in the model’s ability to simulate anchor ice release events, and further analysis identified shortfalls in the energy budget calculations. Simulation results provided insight to the importance of a moving zero-degree isotherm in the prediction of ice dam decay/release events. The initial findings of this research provide a basis for future work to improve numerical modelling capabilities of pertinent ice processes and pursue short- and long-term ice mitigation strategies.
Gen Z Consumption: Who Chooses Green?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT This study examines how demographic factors influence the purchasing behaviour and preferences of Gen Z consumers, with a focus on sustainable consumption. The research aims to determine whether these factors can inform more effective marketing strategies and personalized consumer profiles to promote environmentally responsible purchasing decisions. A quantitative research approach was employed through an online survey using computer‐assisted web interviewing (CAWI). Data were collected from university students across Italy to assess the impact of gender, age and education on sustainable shopping behaviors. The results reveal a significant relationship between shopping frequency, environmental awareness and gender, as well as between education level, shopping frequency and personal commitment to environmental care. The findings suggest that tailored educational strategies targeting different demographic groups may enhance sustainable consumption practices and contribute to broader sustainability goals. This study contributes to the discourse on sustainable consumption by integrating demographic segmentation into marketing and policy strategies. Given the socio‐economic and environmental crises shaping consumer behaviours, understanding the role of gender, age and education in sustainability‐oriented decision‐making can inform targeted interventions and promote responsible consumption patterns among Gen Z.