jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Guselkumab for the treatment of adults with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Guselkumab is a subcutaneously administered monoclonal antibody that targets the IL-23p19 cytokine subunit and has been approved by the US FDA and the EMA for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis in adult patients. Areas covered: This review outlines the pharmacologic properties, efficacy and safety of guselkumab for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in adults. Expert opinion: In clinical trials, guselkumab markedly improved disease, regardless of topographical locations and patient subpopulations, with corresponding improvements in quality of life measures, and was generally well tolerated. Guselkumab has been shown to be more effective than adalimumab in phase III pivotal trials (VOYAGE 1 and VOYAGE 2) at both week 16 and week 24 for PASI75, PASI90, PASI100 and IGA(0/1); the corresponding PASI 90 response rates at week 16 were 73.3% vs 49.7% in VOYAGE 1 and 70.0% vs 46.8% in VOYAGE 2 (P < 0.001 in both). Guselkumab has been shown to be superior to secukinumab in PASI90 response rate at week 48 in a head-to-head trial (ECLIPSE); it is also successful in treating patients with incomplete responses to adalimumab (VOYAGE 2) and ustekinumab (NAVIGATE). Guselkumab may be effective in treating psoriatic arthritis, with several phase III trials ongoing.
Topologically Precise and Discrete Bottlebrush Polymers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Structure–Property Relationships

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

As the complexity of polymer structure grows, so do the challenges for developing an accurate understanding of their structure-property relationships. Here, the synthesis of bottlebrush polymers with topologically precise and fully discrete structures is reported. A key feature of the strategy is the synthesis of discrete macromonomer libraries for their polymerization into topologically precise bottlebrushes that can be separated into discrete bottlebrushes (Đ = 1.0). As the system becomes more discrete, packing efficiency increases, distinct three-phase Langmuir-Blodgett isotherms are observed, and its glass transition temperature becomes responsive to side-chain sequence. Overall, this work presents a versatile strategy to access a range of precision bottlebrush polymers and unravels the impact of side-chain topology on their macroscopic properties. Precise control over side chains opens a pathway for tailoring polymer properties without changing their chemical makeup.
Microsphere based protease assays and high throughput screening of bacterial toxin proteases

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Proteases, proteins which cleave peptide bonds in other proteins, are a large and varied group of proteins which regulate a variety of physiological processes. Methodologies to study proteases are often protease specific and often differ greatly from the roles proteases play in vivo. In vitro protease assays often use peptide based substrates, which do not take into account highly specific interactions distal from the proteolytic site of peptide cleavage on protease substrates. In the work described here we have developed a microsphere based protease assay, capable of using full length protease substrates, and have successfully measured proteolytic activity via loss of fluorescence as measured by flow cytometry. This assay is capable of being used in high throughput screening for small molecule inhibitors for proteases of medical relevance. Screening of chemical libraries against the Bacillus anthracis Lethal factor metalloprotease and the Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxin type A Light Chain metalloprotease has led to the discovery of small molecule inhibitors for both of these pathogenic proteases. The compound ebselen has been shown to inhibit Botulinum Neurotoxin type A Light Chain with an IC50 value in the low μM range. Additional small molecule inhibitors for Botulinum neurotoxin type A Light Chain as well as for anthrax lethal factor have also been discovered by this methodology. This work shows the potential for microsphere based protease assays in discovery of small molecule protease inhibitors and can be adapted to any protease/substrate system of interest in a multiplex setup. Additional work with these proteases has also led to the discovery of novel solution based kinetics models and shows promise to validate microsphere based protease kinetics using the same system.
Direct Numerical Simulation of the Flow Through a Structured Pebble Bed Near a Wall Boundary

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Packed pebble beds occur in many industrial applications, including the very high temperature and molten salt nuclear reactor design concepts. These designs are currently being researched as possible fourth-generation nuclear power system designs. In order to ensure proper cooling of the reactor cores in these systems during normal operation, as well as under accident conditions, a detailed understanding of the coolant flow behavior is required. Direct numerical simulation (DNS) can be used to simulate specific pebble bed flow and geometry conditions in order to develop high-fidelity fluid flow data and hence improve scientists’ understanding and enhance lower-fidelity modeling. We have used Nek5000, a spectral-element computational fluid dynamics code, to develop DNS fluid flow data for pebble bed flow, including budgets for the Reynolds stresses. The geometry is a structured pebble bed with a face-centered cubic packing arrangement. The flow domain features periodic boundaries in both streamwise and spanwise directions except for a single bounding wall parallel to the flow direction. In a fully periodic domain, the flow was found to be asymmetric. In this work we focus on turbulence properties in the near-wall region and their effect on the overall flow behavior. A set of preliminary Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes calculations was also performed to investigate the effect of geometric parameters such as the distance of the wall from the first row of pebbles.
The evaluation of an administrative co‐operation project in North Yemen and its significance for German aid policy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This case study is based on an evaluation report of a German project for development co‐operation in the field of public administration in the Republic of North Yemen. It describes the history, the efforts and the problems of the project which operated within the framework of the National Institute of Public Administration in Sana'a and in order to understand the project there is an outline of the public administration of North Yemen. The paper also describes the structure of the German side of the administration of development policy, the Ministry of Economic Co‐operation, the German Society for Technical Cooperation and the Public Administration Promotion Centre in Berlin. Both the practical problems of administrative co‐operation and of undertaking evaluation are analysed and a practical approach to evaluation and evaluation techniques is presented for discussion. The paper argues the merits of providing aid in support of training in order to improve public administration, and specifically emphasises the value of preparatory courses which link the educational system within the occupational system of the public sector by preparing university graduates for the profession of public administration.
A methodological approach to evaluating the sustainability level of a transport service

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

FIGURE 3. Periclimenaeus nielbrucei sp. nov., holotype female, Wreck Island, Queensland.. A, mandible. B, molar process. C, maxillula, lower lacinia detached. D, same, palp. E, maxilla. F, first maxilliped. G, second maxilliped. H, third maxilliped.
The effect of cultural orientations of individuals on intercultural sensitivity and communication predispositions in the U.S. college classroom context

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examines the relationships between individuals with different cultural orientations (bicultural, independent, interdependent, and marginal) proposed by Kim et al. (1996) and intercultural sensitivity and perceived communication predispositions (classroom communication apprehension and argumentativeness). Cultural orientations of individuals were treated as rank-ordering (Bicultural = 4, Independent = 3, Interdependent = 2, and Marginal = 1). In the hypothesized path model, it is expected that one's bicultural level increases one's level of intercultural sensitivity, which, in turn, leads to a higher degree of argumentativeness and a lower level of classroom communication apprehension. Similarly, it is hypothesized that one's bicultural level decreases one's level of intercultural sensitivity, which, in turn, leads to a lower degree of argumentativeness and a higher level of classroom communication apprehension. Data to test the model were drawn from both the undergraduate and graduate East Asian international students studying in Hawaii. The data were partially consistent with the theoretical prediction made. The implications of the results for theory and practice are discussed.
Polish political humour. An outline of the phenomenon

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article is a survey of the most important communicative phenomena in the contemporary Polish political humour.It is also an attempt to describe political humour from a theoretical point of view and to compare it with political jokes from a period of the Polish People's Republic (PRL).This article mainly describes amusing statements of contemporary politicians that were primarily used as the means of a political polemic, and secondarily after having been popularised by journalists (due to their comic content), achieved a status of "winged words" and appeared in various intertextual variants of the public and colloquial discourse.
“None Mad as a Hindu Woman”: Contesting Communal Readings of Padmavat

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Research Article| May 01 1996 “None Mad as a Hindu Woman”: Contesting Communal Readings of Padmavat Shantanu Phukan Shantanu Phukan Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East (1996) 16 (1): 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1215/1089201X-16-1-41 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Shantanu Phukan; “None Mad as a Hindu Woman”: Contesting Communal Readings of Padmavat. Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 1 May 1996; 16 (1): 41–54. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/1089201X-16-1-41 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter Books & JournalsAll JournalsComparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 1996: Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa & the Middle East1996 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Special Issue: Divergent Modernities: Critical Perspectives on Orientalism, Islamism and Nationalism You do not currently have access to this content.
Multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticles for drug loading and release

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The usage of mesoporous silica nanoparticles in drug delivery systems has garnered a lot of attention in the recent years due to its unique morphology and physiochemical properties. Many characteristics of these nanoparticles affect the effectiveness of their usage as drug delivery carriers. Although there have been many studies conducted regarding mesoporous silica nanoparticles and its uses, the effects of size and surface charges were not explored in great detail. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the effects of size and surface charges of these nanoparticles on the efficiency of cellular uptake. This was done by synthesizing and functionalizing the nanoparticles, followed by testing them using various characterization techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and flow cytometry. Both qualitative and quantitative results showed that the cellular uptake efficiency was dependent on the size and surface charge present on the mesoporous silica nanoparticles. MTT assay test was also carried out to prove the non-cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles. This test proved the suitability of these nanoparticles for biomedical uses. From the results obtained, it is evident that smaller, and positively charged mesoporous silica nanoparticles were the most favourable for high cellular uptake efficiency. These findings would contribute in the engineering of improved drug delivery systems and devices for future biomedical applications.
At last, a complete 32-bit LIMS for less than $40,000.* LIMS 2000 from Perkin-Elmer.$

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAt last, a complete 32-bit LIMS for less than $40,000.* LIMS 2000 from Perkin-Elmer.$Cite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 8, 957APublication Date (Print):July 1, 1985Publication History Published online29 May 2012Published inissue 1 July 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00285a847RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views10Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (817 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The Strength of a Witness: Empowerment and Resiliency in the Aftermath of Atrocity

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Victims and witnesses that testify before an international criminal tribunal such as the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) willingly subject themselves to scrutiny and bare their wounds before the world. Does this experience cause these vulnerable individuals undue psychological harm, re-traumatization, or worse? Existing literature indicates this may be the case, however using a new dataset I find the opposite to be true. Witnesses at the ICTY report feeling more positive than negative after their experiences on the stand. As the first systematic study on witness mental wellbeing, these findings contradict expectations found in previous research.
The economic cost of the CAP revisited

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper reports estimates of the domestic economic cost of the common agricultural policy (CAP) from computable general equilibrium simulations which incorporate imperfect competition in the non‐primary sectors, as well as explicit modelling of agricultural protection. Imperfect competition is characterised to include hierarchical preferences, addressing the notion of varietal diversity as an important decision variable in consumer behaviour. Results indicate that repeal of the CAP would reduce varietal diversity in food processing in the EU, causing utility losses. However, these would be countered by positive varietal effects in other sectors and by strong allocative effects. The net cost of the CAP to the EU is estimated at 0.2% of gross domestic product (GDP). For an individual member state the cost can be considerably larger, as with the UK where the estimate is above 0.5% of GDP.
CT experimental study on concrete specimens based on the principle of minimum energy

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In order to study the mesoconcrete crack evolution laws, based on the computed tomography test, studying the input work and the energy consumed during the failure procedure for the pressure and tension conditions; calculating the failure area of the specimen in the CT pictures and analysing the transformation of the input work from outside during the concrete failure procedure. It turns out that concrete failure pattern abides by the minimum energy principle, when the failure energy of specimen increases, its strength increase, the failure area and failure pattern depend on the stress state. Failure surface of concrete sample under static loading move forward with the weak configuration; under dynamic loading, the failure surface is following the energy release of the fastest route forward.
SELF-PRESENTATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN VIRTUAL REALITY: PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Introduction. Modern Dictionary of Ukrainiandefines self-identification as identification of a person or a group of people with other, certain patterns and images, definition of self and own orientation affecting behavior, decisions, and emotions [1]. It is clear that teenagers and young people look for role models of personalities or groups in the virtual world, because the Internet is not only a source of information, but also one of the main factors in the formation of new generation of young people. Virtual reality is an interactive environment created with the help of computer, which has graphic, acoustic, plastic and other properties, in which the user immerses himself or herself as viewer or creator, thus forming such a structure as virtual consciousness [2]. It is on its basis that the process of self-presentation of the individual in the information space takes place.
Subjekty obranného plánovania v kontexte platného legislatívneho rámca

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Defence planning is one of the tools through which the Slovak Republic ensures the defence of the state and the fulfilment of international obligations in the field of defence. In the system of defenceplanning, as part of the security system of the Slovak Republic, ministries, other central state administration bodies and other state administration bodies with nationwide scope operate. Other entities that participate in defence planning are local self-government bodies, municipalities and higher territorial units, and selected legal entities and natural persons performing tasks of economic mobilization. These entities are responsible for defence planning in the Slovak Republic within the scope of competences established in the relevant legal regulations. For this reason, the author of the article deals with the issue of defence planning with a focus on subjects of defence planning in the current legislative framework.
Basophil Recruitment to Skin Lesions of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Mediated by CCR1 and CCR2

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background/Aims: Basophils have been reported to infiltrate skin lesions in various skin diseases, but not in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study investigated basophil infiltration in SLE and its mechanism. Methods: Twenty newly diagnosed SLE patients and twenty healthy controls were enrolled. Nine SLE patients underwent skin biopsies. Flow cytometric analysis the phenotype of peripheral basophils and their migration rate toward RANTES and MCP-1 were analyzed with the transwell culture system, also the expression of these two chemokines in skin tissue were analyzed with immunohistochemistry. Results: Increased activation and decreased numbers of peripheral basophils were observed in SLE patients compared with controls. Basophil migration into skin lesions of SLE patients were observed, but not in normal skin tissue. This migration was related to the upregulation of chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR2 on basophils. In vitro studies showed that migration rate toward RANTES and MCP-1 increased significantly in basophils from SLE patients compared with those from controls. Consistently, high levels of RANTES and MCP-1 expression were observed in skin lesions from SLE patients but not in normal skin tissue. Conclusion: Basophil recruitment to skin lesions of SLE patients mediated by CCR1 and CCR2, which may contribute to tissue damage in SLE.
Developing Equations for Converting Digestible Energy to Metabolizable Energy for Korean Hanwoo Beef Cattle

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was performed to update and generate prediction equations for converting digestible energy (DE) to metabolizable energy (ME) for Korean Hanwoo beef cattle, taking into consideration the gender (male and female) and body weights (BW above and below 350 kg) of the animals. The data consisted of 141 measurements from respiratory chambers with a wide range of diets and energy intake levels. A simple linear regression of the overall unadjusted data suggested a strong relationship between the DE and ME (Mcal/kg DM): ME = 0.8722 × DE + 0.0016 (coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.946, root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.107, p < 0.001 for intercept and slope). Mixed-model regression analyses to adjust for the effects of the experiment from which the data were obtained similarly showed a strong linear relationship between the DE and ME (Mcal/kg of DM): ME = 0.9215 × DE − 0.1434 (R2 = 0.999, RMSE = 0.004, p < 0.001 for the intercept and slope). The DE was strongly related to the ME for both genders: ME = 0.8621 × DE + 0.0808 (R2 = 0.9600, RMSE = 0.083, p < 0.001 for the intercept and slope) and ME = 0.7785 × DE + 0.1546 (R2 = 0.971, RMSE = 0.070, p < 0.001 for the intercept and slope) for male and female Hanwoo cattle, respectively. By BW, the simple linear regression similarly showed a strong relationship between the DE and ME for Hanwoo above and below 350 kg BW: ME = 0.9833 × DE − 0.2760 (R2 = 0.991, RMSE = 0.055, p < 0.001 for the intercept and slope) and ME = 0.72975 × DE + 0.38744 (R2 = 0.913, RMSE = 0.100, p < 0.001 for the intercept and slope), respectively. A multiple regression using the DE and dietary factors as independent variables did not improve the accuracy of the ME prediction (ME = 1.149 × DE − 0.045 × crude protein + 0.011 × neutral detergent fibre − 0.027 × acid detergent fibre + 0.683).