jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Identifying potential patient‐specific predictors for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction outcome – a diagnostic in vitro tissue remodeling platform

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose Upon anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, reconstruction is often required, with the hamstring tendon autograft as most widely used treatment. Post‐operative autograft remodeling enhances graft rupture risk, which occurs in up to 10% of the patient population, increasing up to 30% of patients aged under 20 years. Therefore, this research aimed to identify potential biological predictors for graft rupture, derived from patient‐specific tissue remodeling‐related cell properties in an in vitro micro‐tissue platform. Methods Hamstring tendon‐derived cells were obtained from remnant autograft tissue after ACL reconstructions (36 patients, aged 12–55 years), and seeded in collagen I gels on a micro‐tissue platform. Micro‐tissue compaction over time – induced by altering the boundary constraints – was monitored. Pro‐collagen I expression was assessed using ELISA, and protein expression of tenomodulin and α‐smooth muscle actin were measured using Western blot. Expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase 2 were determined using gelatin zymography. Results Only micro‐tissues corresponding to younger patients occasionally released themselves from the constraining posts. Pro‐collagen I expression was significantly higher in younger patients. Differences in α‐smooth muscle actin and tenomodulin expression between patients were found, but these were age‐independent. Active matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression was slightly more abundant in younger patients. Conclusions The presented micro‐tissue platform exposed patient‐specific remodeling‐related differences between tendon‐derived cells, with the micro‐tissues that released from constraining posts and pro‐collagen I expression best reflecting the clinical age‐dependency of graft rupture. These properties can be the starting point in the quest for potential predictors for identifying individual patients at risk for graft rupture.
Analisis Pengaruh Bantuan Pangan Non Tunai dan Program Keluarga Harapan Terhadap Kemiskinan di Kota Mojokerto Tahun 2019-2021

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Poverty is a condition when a person or a group has no choice to fulfill their essential privileges to maintain and maintain a noble life. The poverty rate in Mojokerto City has increased significantly over the last three years. Compared to the surrounding districts/cities, the increase in poverty is not as severe as in Mojokerto City. This study aims to analyze how PKH and BPNT influence poverty in Mojokerto City in 2019-2021. The type of data used in this research is secondary data, then for the approach that is quantitative, with the type of research descriptive analysis, using multiple linear regression through data processing in SPSS 22. The study found that PKH had a negative and significant impact on poverty, while BPNT had a positive and significant impact on poverty.
Features of the damage produced by proflavine on transforming deoxyribonucleic acid

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Proflavine formed a complex with transforming deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from Haemophilus influenzae, with optimal formation at a ratio of proflavine to DNA of 0.06. The rate of dissociation of the complex by dialysis increased in the order: native, denatured, renatured DNA. The transforming activity of the DNA was reduced by its interaction with proflavine. This inactivation was dependent on the physical state of the DNA, the proflavine concentration, and the temperature. DNA that had been denatured and renatured was most sensitive; native DNA was much less sensitive. The inactivation remained after dialysis and was stable to prolonged storage. It is concluded that the inactivation of transforming DNA by proflavine takes place by a mechanism different from that of DNA-proflavine complex formation.
The Poor Comprehender Profile

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This chapter provides an overview of the research around a group of children who have a reading profile known as the ‘poor comprehender’ profile. Based on the simple view of reading (Gough and Tunmer, 1986), this profile highlights the needs of children who have good skills in decoding words and sentences but struggle to understand what they read. The chapter considers the importance of meeting the needs of this group of children to avoid the potentially widespread adverse effects of poor reading comprehension on learning and motivation throughout these children's school lives. It highlights the important role of environmental influences including motivation, instruction and exposure to reading material. In addition, the chapter considers in some depth the processes that may underlie the poor comprehender profile, including language skills, working memory, inferencing and comprehension monitoring.
Development of a Model for In‐Vitro Comparative Absorption of Magnesium from Five Magnesium Sources Commonly Used as Dietary Supplements

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to develop a model system to mimic the intestinal absorption of magnesium when administered as a dietary supplement and then test various magnesium sources in the system. Caco‐2 cells (ATCC HTB‐37) were seeded in welled culture plates and allowed to mature for 21 days. Maturity was determined by stable trans‐epithelial conductivity measurements. The model was developed by evaluating applicable concentration ranges and incubation times. The optimum conditions for application of magnesium to the cells were determined to be 50 mM concentrations for four hours to 6 well culture plates. Absorption of the cation was determined enzymatically from the fluid in the basal chamber. After determining the model, magnesium bisglycinate (MgBG), magnesium bisglycinate with magnesium oxide (MgBuf), dimagnesium malate (DMM), magnesium oxide (MgO), magnesium citrate (MgCit) and a negative control were tested for absorption. It was found that all magnesium treatments had significantly elevated Mg content in the basal side (p<0.05). Within the magnesium treatments MgBG had the highest absorption of Mg (p<0.05). MgBuf had a numerically lower absorption result than MgBG but was statistically similar. DMM was greater than MgCit and MgO (p<0.05) but was not statistically different from MgBG although it was numerically less. MgCit and MgO were numerically similar and statistically equivalent. MgCit and MgO also exhibited lower absorption than MgBG, MgBuf and DMM. It was concluded that this model is an effective method for determining intestinal absorption of magnesium compounds as would be found in dietary supplements. It was also concluded that magnesium bisglycinate had the greatest absorption and transport across the intestinal epithelial layer and may be the most bioavailable of the compounds tested. Support or Funding Information Albion
Vibro-tactile cues in speech discrimination by deaf children

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Two experiments were carried out to determine whether a vibrotactile indicator of fricative sounds would help profoundly deaf children in speech discrimination. In the first experiment ten profoundly deaf boys were tested under two conditions 1) audition supplemented with lip reading and 2) audition and lip reading supplemented by the vibrotactile cue. Results showed that the subjects performed significantly better when they were aided by the vibrotactile cue. These results remained consistent even when lip reading cues were omitted in a second experiment.
Whole-field fluorescence lifetime imaging with picosecond resolution for biomedicine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary form only given. Fluorescence lifetime measurements permit both detection of specific fluorophores and monitoring of their local environment for biomedical and other applications including microscopy, biotechnology, and process monitoring. Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) is particularly exciting because it can provide noninvasive functional/diagnostic imaging by exploiting the sensitivity of fluorescence lifetime to the local environment (e.g. [Ca/sup 2+/], pH etc.). The recent development of user-friendly and relatively portable ultrafast laser technology and the availability of ultrafast gated optical image intensifiers (GOIs) mean that this technology can be readily applied to almost any optical imaging modality including microscopy and endoscopy. The authors report a FLIM system based on a GOI (Kentech Gated Optical Imager) with a temporal response of 90 ps, which uses pulses of /spl sim/1 /spl mu/J energy. This is compatible with the authors' all-solid-state diode-pumped Cr:LiSAF oscillator-amplifier system, potentially providing a portable and relatively inexpensive instrument. Using the apparatus shown in a figure, fluorescent samples were excited by /spl sim/10 ps pulses at 415 nm. A FLIM map is produced by recording images of the fluorescence at different delays after excitation, and performing a least-squares fit to each point in the field of view. For simple fluorophore distributions the authors have demonstrated near-real-time FLIM with an update time of <3 s. In order to investigate the minimum detectable fluorescence lifetime difference, the authors prepared a phantom consisting of 4 pipettes containing the laser dye DASPI in different ethanol/glycerol solutions. Changing the viscosity of the solvent changes the fluorescence lifetime of the dye.
Study on the Operation Region of Induction Traction Motor for Electric Vehicle

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The mechanical property curve, efficiency and speed operation regions of induction traction motor for electric vehicle are introduced here. According to the vehicle's driving characteristic, the motor mechanical property curve is determined. Within the scope of mechanical property region of the motor, the method of regulating motor efficiency region is presented. Within the speed region, the relation between constant torque and constant power region are derived. A method of confirming optimum base speed ratio is proposed.
The labelling of genetically modified products in a global trading environment.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This chapter looks at the labelling of genetically modified food products using a model that examines the interaction of national and international economies of scale in world trade. Two cases are considered: no labelling and with labelling. With no labelling, maximum national marketing economies of scale are achieved, but consumers cannot distinguish GM goods from non-GM goods. With labelling, marketing economies of scale will be lower. However, consumers will gain because they can now choose goods that give maximum utility. Conditions for which the loss of marketing scale economies outweights the gains from consumer choice are identified.
Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Anti-bacterial gel containing Ethanolic extracts of Rosa indica and Tagetes minuta

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The present research has been undertaken with the aim to formulate and evaluate herbal gel containing ethanolic extracts of Rosa indica and Tagetes minuta. The antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening was performed for ethanolic extract. The gel preparation was designed by utilizing ethanol extract of Rosa indica and Tagetes minuta petals in varied concentrations (1.0%, 2.0%, 4.0%) and evaluated using physiological measurements. The gel was formulated by using polymer carbopol 934. Rosa indica and Tagetes minuta petals, methyl paraben, propyl paraben and required amounts of distilled water. The antibacterial activity of the gel was evaluated by agar well diffusion method by using microbial strains are E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The physicochemical parameters (pH, viscosity, spreadability and homogeneity) was determined. The results showed that formulation containing 4% concentration of gel containing ethanolic extracts of Rosa indica and Tagetes minuta have better antibacterial activity than other formulations.
Novel Selectivity in Carbohydrate Reactions, IV: DABCO-Mediated Regioselective Primary Hydroxyl Protection of Carbohydrates

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract An efficient procedure for the regioselective tritylation of primary hydroxyl group of aldohexopyranosides and nucleosides using trityl chloride in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) in dichloromethane has been developed. Subsequent acetylation of the tritylated products in the same pot has been made possible, thereby providing an efficient route to the fully protected carbohydrate derivatives that can be discriminated chemoselectively.
Electric toroidal dipole order and hidden spin polarization in ferroaxial materials

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We investigate the role of electric toroidal dipoles in the prototypical ferroaxial materials NiTiO$_3$ and K$_2$Zr(PO$_4$)$_2$, which undergo ferroaxial structural phase transitions of order-disorder and displacive type, respectively. Using first-principles electronic structure theory, we compute the evolution across the ferroaxial transitions of the local electric toroidal dipole moments, defined both in terms of the vortices formed by local dipoles, as well as as the cross product of orbital and spin angular momenta. Our calculations confirm that the electric toroidal dipole acts as the order parameter for these ferroaxial transitions and highlight the importance of spin-orbit coupling in generating a non-zero atomic-site electric toroidal dipole moment. We find that, while the ferroaxial phases of NiTiO$_3$ and K$_2$Zr(PO$_4$)$_2$ preserve global inversion symmetry, they contain inversion-symmetry-broken sub-units that generate vortices of local electric dipole moments. In addition to causing the net electric toroidal dipole moment, these vortices induce a hidden spin polarization in the band structure.
INCLUSIVE MALE ADOLESCENT IDENTITY FORMATION IN GROUP SETTINGS

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The principal developmental task of adolescence is the formation of an individual’s identity. Through much of human history there has been an intentional design of practices that harness this developmental energy and channel it through structured experiences where the individual earns a targeted identity through certain actions. These practices continue in recognizable forms that target specific identities and fulfill the individual psychological need of identity formation and the societal need of transition into adulthood. Inherent to these identity formation experiences is the group setting, where a variety of capabilities for identity achievement exist. This research project explores what structures and interventions effectively support high performing and low performing male adolescents through these identity formation experiences. Organizations working with male adolescents which use structured experiences to support a targeted identity achievement of all participants were study sites for the project. Qualitative data was gathered through the form of interviews with staff working directly with male adolescents at these organizations. Results of the project suggest that there are common strategies that support an inclusive experience for all participants, as well as strategies specific to supporting identity achievement among low performing and high performing participants. These strategies offer the potential to improve the programmatic development of identity formation experiences for male adolescents as well as targeted interventions for male adolescence engaged in identity formation experiences.
Chi ha bisogno della montagna italiana?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Due to urban and industrial development in the post-war period, the Italian Alps and Apennines have experience an intense phenomenon of depopulation, mainly caused by massive emigration to urban areas. Italian mountain regions, considered for a long time as marginal, neglected areas out of public and political attention, since long have also been affected by different forms of migration that question their representation as ‘places left behind’. At first focusing on the phenomenon of the ‘new mountain people’, and just later on taking into account also the role of foreign migrants in mountain areas, several studies highlighted the fundamental role im-migration flows in transforming Italian mountains, favouring a ‘return to the centre’ of highlands also – and above all – in public and political discourse. This article investigates, also through the analysis of Berceto case, the role – current and potential – of foreign immigrants in this re-thematization in economic, territorial as well as demographic and socio-cultural terms of the marginalized territories of the Alps and Apennines.
Insulin Administration May Trigger Type 1 Diabetes in Japanese Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Type 1 Diabetes High-Risk HLA Class II and the Insulin Gene VNTR Genotype

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The findings suggest that insulin administration may have triggered TIDM in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. IDDM1 and IDDM 2 as well as autoreactive T cells may contribute to the development of T1DM. Developing insulin-triggered T1DM if a patient's blood glucose control acutely deteriorates after insulin administration should be carefully considered.
An efficient stereo video coding technique based on H.264

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Compression of stereoscopic and multiview video data is important because the bandwidth necessary for storage and transmission linearly increases with the number of camera channels. Monocular compression schemes such as MPEG-2, MPEG-4, and H.264 achieve compression by decorrelating in the spatial and/or temporal correlation domains. Stereo video streams add a new dimension, namely the correlation between the left and right images. Direct application of any monocular compression schemes is suboptimal because the decorrelation is limited to spatial and temporal correlation domains. An efficient stereoscopic coding scheme is presented in this document. This method achieves compression by extending the decorrelation process of monocular compression schemes to spatial, temporal and interview correlation domains. The proposed scheme also supports asymmetric view coding which would exploit the psycho visual redundancy and improve the compression efficiency. The proposed method requires only tools corresponding to the baseline profile of H.264 and hence operates at a very low complexity. It is relatively simple to implement the stereo codec both in hardware and software. Experimental results prove that the proposed stereoscopic coding scheme achieves a higher PSNR (objective image quality) at lower bit rates as compared to other low complexity stereo coding schemes such as the simulcast and transposed picture ordering. The results of asymmetric view coding using the proposed method indicate the improvement in the perceptual quality of the image at lower bitrates as compared to conventional asymmetric coding schemes.
High-precision high-speed and noninvasive optic distance measurement

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In all kinds of optical applications, the precision of central optical distance has significant influence on the desired imaging properties according to the optical design requirements. In this paper, we present a measurement method for the determination of the central distance both in assembled systems and single-lens with high precision, high speed and non-invasive characters. The distance between optical surfaces are optically measured by the mean of swept source domain interferometric system. A fiber-optics system with a central wavelength 1310 nm is built, the central distances of all surfaces within coherence length can be quickly measured at the same time. The system pixel resolution is about 0.1μm calibrated by Mitutoyo standard level-zero gauge and calculated by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and zero-padding algorithm. System precision double checked by other gauges is less than 0.3μm. The standard gauge-sets and a lens were measured by this system, the result also verified the high precision. The systematic error is less than 0.3μm and the sensitivity is about 22μm experimentally. The high speed swept light source (100kHz used in system) ensures the quick measuring speed. This measurement method has high precision, high speed, non-invasive and high sensitivity characters, and can be applied in related optical system.
Risques naturels et territoires (Natural hazards and territories)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

One can note today a complex territorialisation of hazard and risk. Administrative cutting that are numerous in France, imply a big number of actors and so increase the difficulty of the management of the risk. The risk contributes also to the territory creation governed by specific regulations. Can the risk be managed in a unique framework ? By only one group of actors ? One is still far from such a situation.
Batos, Bolillos, Pochos, and Pelados: Class and Culture on the South Texas Border

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A classic account of life on the Texas-Mexico border, Batos, Bolillos, Pochos, and Pelados offers the fullest portrait currently available of the people of the South Texas/Northern Mexico borderlands. First published in 1999, the book is now extensively revised and updated throughout to cover developments since 2000, including undocumented immigration, the drug wars, race relations, growing social inequality, and the socioeconomic gap between Latinos and the rest of American society-issues of vital and continuing national importance. An outgrowth of the Borderlife Research Project conducted at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Batos, Bolillos, Pochos, and Pelados uses the voices of several hundred Valley residents, collected by embedded student researchers and backed by the findings of sociological surveys, to describe the lives of migrant farmworkers, colonia residents, undocumented domestic servants, maquiladora workers, and Mexican street children. Likewise, it explores social, racial, and ethnic relations in South Texas among groups such as Latinos, Mexican immigrants, wealthy Mexican visitors, Anglo residents or tourists, and Asian and African American residents of South Texas. With this firsthand material and an explanatory focus that utilizes and applies social-science theoretical concepts, the book thoroughly addresses the future composition and integration of Latinos into the society and culture of the United States
Crankshaft strength calculation based on multi-body systems dynamic analysis and finite element analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Multi-body system dynamic analysis and transient analysis of finite element were used reciprocally in crankshaft strength calculation. Firstly, this paper made the experimental modal analysis and theoretical modal analysis for the crankshaft, it verified th e enough precision of crankshaft finite element model; Secondly, this paper resulted th e position and time stress curve of crankshaft's maximum stress during the engine working by multi-body system dynamic analysis and transient analysis of finite element respectively; Lastly, the same trend, the same position and like numerical value of crankshaft's maximum stress were embodied i n multi-body systems analysis and finite element analysis. The result of calculation proves the same precision of rigid-flexible multi-body system dynamic analysis and transient analysis of finite element in crankshaft strength calculation.