jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Body weight is affected by early life feeding strategy and hatch moment in broiler chickens

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

After hatching in conventional systems, broiler chickens have a delay to nutrition that can last for 72h, depending on length of the hatch window, internal hatchery procedures and transport duration. Previous research on early life feeding strategies has shown negative effects on bodyweight (BW) gain after delayed nutrition (DN), compared with early nutrition (EN). However, it is not known whether DN chickens can (partially)compensate for their lower BW between hatch and slaughter. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that DN chickens have an increased growth rate, as a result of compensatory growth. Data from 3 independent experiments were used. In these studies, broilers were subjected to either EN or DN with different durations of DN (38 to 72 h) and days to slaughter (14 to 35 d). In all experiments, DN groups had lower BW compared withEN which was sustained until slaughter. Relative differences in BW, however, decreased from 114 to 176% post placement to 102 – 112 % at slaughter (35 d). Growth curves of DN and EN chickens were analysed to study whether compensatory growth could explain the differences in BW between EN and DN. Absolute average daily gain (aADG) was higher in EN chickens from start until slaughter. To analyse the growth curve independent of BW, relative ADG (rADG) between two ages was calculated as follows: Differences in rADG between DN and EN chickens were greater in the first 14 d (DN:63%, EN: 47%; P < 0.001), but smaller in the remaining grow-out period (14 – 28 d:DN: 18%, EN: 16%; 28 – 35 d: DN: 8%, EN: 7%; both P <0 .001). Based on these results,it seems that DN broilers compensate for their lag in BW during the first 14 d postplacement. As differences in absolute BW were still present at 35 d, the increase in rADG seems insufficient to catch up with EN broilers. EN chickens have higher aADG until slaughter, however, rADG is lower, showing that growth rate is influenced by feeding strategy. Previous literature describes interactions between compensatory growth and nutrient composition of diets on nitrogen and fat retention. This may give reason for future work to evaluate effects of early life feeding strategy on carcass traits.
Greece at the precipice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Chapter 5 applies the theoretical framework of Chapter 3 to examine the movement of the Salonica indignados (May–October 2011). It begins by providing an overview of the political context of the Greek sovereign debt crisis, emphasizing the indignados’ impact on reshaping the domestic party system. The chapter then proceeds to a thorough analysis of the movement’s emergence, focusing on the diagnostic aspect of collective action framing and the construction of a populist collective identity. It studies frame disputes within the indignados, including conflicts between radical left-wing activists and their so-called White counterparts. The covert activity of radicals and their adoption of a populist vocabulary is given extensive attention. The chapter incorporates cultural, organizational, and ideological dimensions to explain how a populist collective action frame managed to render the movement successful and cohesive until its dissolution, which coincided with the resignation of the Socialist government.
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum CWI 67645

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum
Common name(s): Wheat
Other names: IWA8612333
Conserved by: Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT), Mexico
Local sample unique identifier: CWI 67645
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1996
Other identifiers: n/a,CWI67645, n/a,CID 268562 SID 0, n/a,PI 625764, n/a,GID 283962, n/a,UT7151-2
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included
Morphological abnormalities in the Chilean Eagle ray Myliobatis chilensis (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae) off the Peruvian coast, Southeast Pacific

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Records about morphological abnormalities in rays of the genus Myliobatis are scarce worldwide. In the present study, three specimens exhibiting different malformations were identified during the monitoring of the reproductive biology of the Chilean eagle ray Myliobatis chilensis, conducted from 2017 to 2018 in the fishing port of Salaverry (northern Peru). The identified specimens included: (i) a female with split pectoral fins, (ii) a male with an unfused-to-the-head pectoral fin, and (iii) a female with a short and thick tail. Here we report and discuss the implications and likely causes of these first three cases of morphological abnormalities in M. chilensis from the western Pacific.
Effects of High Nitrogen Pressure and Thermal Treatment on Adhesion to Amorphous Silicon/Silicon Nitride/Polyethersulfone Substrate during Excimer Laser Annealing

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The effects of high nitrogen (N2) pressure and thermal treatment on the adhesion between a silicon film and a polyethersulfone (PES) substrate during crystallization by excimer laser annealing (ELA) were investigated using silicon nitride (SiNx) as the barrier film for the fabrication of polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) thin-film transistors on a plastic substrate. As the thickness of the SiNx film increased from 50 to 150 nm at a gas pressure of 0.2 MPa, film exfoliation was suppressed. A poly-Si film with a crystalline fraction of 76% was obtained at an energy density of 200 mJ/cm2 and a high pressure in N2 atmosphere. In addition, thermal treatment before ELA was useful for improving the adhesion between the inorganic film and the PES substrate.
Understanding health professional role integration in complex adaptive systems A multiple-case study of Physician Assistants in Ontario, Canada

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background To meet the complex needs of healthcare delivery, the Ministry of Health and Long Term Care (MOHLTC) introduced Physician Assistants (PAs) into the Ontario health care system in 2006 to help increase access to care, decrease wait times, and improve continuity of care. Integration of new health professional roles is often stymied by role resistance and funding barriers. The characterization of healthcare organizations as complex adaptive systems (CAS) may offer insight into the relationships and interactions that optimize and restrict successful PA integration. The aim of this study is to explore the integration of PAs across multiple settings and to understand the PA role within complex adaptive systems. Methods An exploratory, multiple-case study was used to examine PA role integration in four settings: family medicine, emergency, general surgery, and inpatient medicine. Interviews were conducted with 46 healthcare providers and administrators across 13 hospitals and 6 family medicine clinics in Ontario, Canada. Analysis was conducted in three phases: inductive thematic analysis within each of the four cases; a cross-case thematic analysis; and a broader exploration of cross-case patterns pertaining to specific complexity theory principles of interest. Results Support for PA contributions across various health care settings, the importance of role awareness, supervisory relationship attributes, and role vulnerability (in relation to sustainability and funding) are interconnected and dynamic in hospital and community settings. Findings represent the experiences of PAs and other healthcare providers, and demonstrate how the PA’s willingness to work and ability to build relationships within existing health systems allows for the establishment of interprofessional, collaborative, and person-centered care. As a self-organizing agent in complex adaptive systems (i.e. health organizations), PA role exploration revealed patterns of team behavior, non-linear interconnections, open relationships, dynamic systems, and the legacy of role implementation as defined by complexity theory. Conclusions By exploring the role of PAs across multiple sites, the complexity theory lens concurrently fosters an awareness of emerging patterns, relationships and non-linear interactions within the defined context of the Ontario healthcare system. By establishing collaborative, interprofessional care models in community and hospital settings, PAs are making a significant contribution to Ontario healthcare settings.
American Alligator Research on the Kennedy Space Center

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This slide presentation reviews the research conducted at the Kennedy Space Center on the American Alligator. The objectives of the research were to establish life history baseline at the Kennedy Space Center and at the Merit Island National Wildlife Reserve (MINWR). Some of the factors that were examined are: nesting success, movement patterns, and population structure. Another objective was to determine the overall health of the alligator population, by analyzing blood and tissue chemistry, and urine analysis. A third objective was to compare alligators at KSC/MINWR to the statewide population. Some of the results are shown in charts and graphs.
Food anticipatory behaviour on European seabass in sea cages: activity-, positioning-, and density-based approaches

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Introduction Farmed fish like European seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ) anticipate meals if these are provided at one or multiple fixed times during the day. The increase in locomotor activity is typically known as food anticipatory activity (FAA) and can be observed several hours prior to feeding. Measuring FAA is often done by demand feeders or external sensors such as cameras or light curtains. However, purely locomotor-activity-based FAA may provide an incomplete view of feeding and prefeeding behaviour. Methods Here, we show that FAA can be measured through passive acoustic telemetry utilising three different approaches and suggest that adding more means to food anticipation detection is beneficial. We compared the diving behaviour, acceleration activity, and temperature of 22 tagged individuals over the period of 12 days and observed FAA through locomotor activity, depth position, and density-based unsupervised clustering (i.e., DBSCAN). Results Our results demonstrate that the position- and density-based methods also provide expressions of anticipatory behaviour that can be interchangeable with locomotor-driven FAA or precede it. Discussion We, therefore, support a unified framework for food anticipation: FAA should only describe locomotor-driven FAA. Food anticipatory positioning (FAP) should be a term for position-based (P-FAP) and density-based (D-FAP) methods for food anticipation. Lastly, FAP, together with the newly defined FAA, should become part of an umbrella term that is already in use: food anticipatory behaviour (FAB). Our work provides data-driven approaches to each FAB category and compares them with each other. Furthermore, accurate FAB windows through FAA and FAP can help increase fish welfare in the aquaculture industry, and the more approaches available, the more flexible and more robust the usage of FAB for a holistic view can be achieved.
Direct red decolorization and ligninolytic enzymes production by improved strains of Pleurotus using basidiospore derived monokaryons.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In the present investigation the efficiency of three species of Pleurotus and their improved dikaryons (heterokaryons) was assessed for decolorization of direct red and production of lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase enzymes. All the species of Pleurotus i.e. P. flabellatus, P. ostreatus, and P. citrinopileatus decolorized the dye Direct Red well. However, Pfo 6X9 and Poc 9X6 decolorized the dye more effectively than three species of Pleurotus. The improved dikaryons also showed higher ligninolytic activity than the parental species. Poc 9X6 showed higher LiP (76.27U), MnP (623.24U) and laccase activity (594.80U). In the present work different pH, age and concentration of inoculum and effect of surfactant i.e. sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and Tween—80 were analyzed in order to determine the optimum ones to decolorize maximum concentration of dye. 5 ml of 10 days old culture on pH 5.5 and 0.1% Tween—80 supported maximum decolorization of direct red dye.
Pitch propeller quad copter type X against thrust and voltage motor to support regional resilience

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The small size of the quadcopter and the low inertia of the drone allows the use of a simple flight control system, with the practicality of the Quadcopter it is hoped that it can be used for disaster management so as to increase regional resilience. Quadcopters issued by the company cannot be changed. This research is done by assembling the quadcopter itself and making changes to the propeller pitch to determine the effect of thrust and thrust motor on a quadcopter type x. From the results of research and calculations carried out, the thrust produced with a 50o pitch angle is greater than the 43o pitch angle for each movement, so the greater the pitch angle, the greater the thrust generated by the propeller. . The voltage that enters each motor will be different depending on its movement. So, the greater the voltage that enters the brushless motor, the higher the rotation of the motor so that the thrust generated is also greater.
Scan geometries for three dimensional synthetic aperture sonar tomography

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) exploits vehicle motion and coherent multi-ping signal integration to enhance image resolution. SAS is typically used to generate high-resolution 2D sonar imagery; however the generation of high-resolution, voxel-based 3D images of targets has also been demonstrated by synthesizing multi-dimensional apertures from scans conducted at diverse grazing-angles. In the latter case, the geometry of the multi-dimensional synthetic aperture can have significant ramifications for all stages of the beamforming process, ranging from navigation refinement and beamformer design to very practical experimental issues, such as the time necessary to scan a target. In this paper, the effects that different multi-dimensional scans have on three-dimensional SAS are considered. Results of field tests for different scan geometries are shown and interpreted in light of their various benefits and detriments.
Amélioration des stratégies de lutte contre le dépérissement de la lavande et du lavandin.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Lavander and lavandin are symbolic crops in south-eastern France, in the region of Haute-Provence, but they have been affected by yellow decline for decades. The etiological agent which is involved in this decline is the stolbur phytoplasm, which is transmitted by the cixiidae Hyalesthes obsoletus. A reliable diagnosis has been developed, and permitted to secure the specification of phytosanitary certified material, according to the specifications “healthy plants”. A large epidemiological survey identified 16 genotypes of the stolbur phytoplasm. The study demonstrated that the epidemics mainly propagated from lavander to lavander. Finally, the study of the mechanism of tolerance showed that lavander and lavandin susceptibility was not correlated with the relation plant - phytoplasm, but more likely with the interaction of the insect with the plant. The insect is present in all cultivated plots, but in very variable densities. AFLP genotyping has also shown that genetic diversity of wild lavanders was quite restricted, and that genetic selection reduced it only a little.
Folding Dynamics of DNA G‑Quadruplexes Probed\nby Millisecond Temperature Jump Circular Dichroism

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

G-quadruplexes\nplay important roles in cellular regulatory functions,\nbut despite significant experimental and theoretical efforts, their\nfolding mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this context, we developed\na T-jump experiment to access the thermal denaturation and renaturation\ndynamics of short intramolecular G-quadruplexes <i>in vitro</i>, on the time scale of a few hundred milliseconds. With this new\nsetup, we compared the thermal denaturation and renaturation kinetics\nof three antiparallel topologies made of the human telomeric sequences\nd­[(5′-GGG­(TTAGGG)<sub>3</sub>-3′]/Na<sup>+</sup> and\nd­[5′-AGGG­(TTAGGG)<sub>3</sub>-3′]/Na<sup>+</sup> and\nthe thrombin-binding aptamer sequence d­[5′-GGTTGG­TGTG­GTTGG-3′]/K<sup>+</sup>, with those of the parallel topology made of the human CEB25\nminisatellite d­[5′-AAGGGTG­GGTGTAA­GTGTG­GGTGGGT-3′]/Na<sup>+</sup>. In all cases, exponential kinetics of the order of several\nhundred milliseconds were observed. Measurements performed for different\ninitial temperatures revealed distinct denaturation and renaturation\ndynamics, ruling out a simple two-state mechanism. The parallel topology,\nin which all guanines adopt an <i>anti</i> conformation,\ndisplays much slower dynamics than antiparallel topologies associated\nwith very low activation barriers. This behavior can be explained\nby the constrained conformational space due to the presence of the\nsingle-base propeller loops that likely hinders the movement of the\ncoiled DNA strand and reduces the contribution of the entropy during\nthe renaturation process at high temperatures.
Higher-order perturbation theory for decoherence in Grover’s algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we study decoherence in Grover's quantum search algorithm\nusing a perturbative method. We assume that each two-state system (qubit) that\nbelongs to a register suffers a phase flip error (\\sigma_{z} error) with\nprobability p independently at every step in the algorithm, where $0\\leq p\\leq\n1$. Considering an n-qubit density operator to which Grover's iterative\noperation is applied M times, we expand it in powers of 2Mnp and derive its\nmatrix element order by order under the large-n limit. [In this large-n limit,\nwe assume p is small enough, so that 2Mnp can take any real positive value or\nzero. We regard $x\\equiv 2Mnp(\\geq 0)$ as a perturbative parameter.] We obtain\nrecurrence relations between terms in the perturbative expansion. By these\nrelations, we compute higher orders of the perturbation efficiently, so that we\nextend the range of the perturbative parameter that provides a reliable\nanalysis. Calculating the matrix element numerically by this method, we derive\nthe maximum value of the perturbative parameter x at which the algorithm finds\na correct item with a given threshold of probability P_{th} or more. (We refer\nto this maximum value of x as x_{c}, a critical point of x.) We obtain a curve\nof x_{c} as a function of P_{th} by repeating this numerical calculation for\nmany points of P_{th} and find the following facts: a tangent of the obtained\ncurve at P_{th}=1 is given by x=(8/5)(1-P_{th}), and we have\nx_{c}>-(8/5)\\log_{e}P_{th} near P_{th}=0.\n
Hypocalcemia persisting after surgery of benign thyroid diseases – A follow-up of 281 patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Previously we showed in 1996 patients having thyroid surgery for benign disease, that significant hypocalcemia < 2.0 mmol/l occurs in 21% (n = 413) within the first 3 days following surgery which was performed in an academic hospital in the years 2000 to 2010. Now, we reinvestigated those patients for long-term persistence of hypocalcemia after a mean follow-up of 8.5 ± 4 years. 281 patients could be reinvestigated (68%), 2% had died, 17% had moved to an unknown address and 11% refused to participate in the follow-up. Statistics did not show any bias concerning age, sex, underlying disease and type of surgery performed, if the group of patients reinvestigated was compared to the total group.
That's (not) all, folks! : can cartoons be Cambodia's next export boom?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Cambodia is seeking to expand its exports by tapping into high-value, modern services. A nascent and promising business outsourcing industry is focusing on information technology (IT) services such as data entry, network maintenance, and software development. In recent years, at least three institutions have emerged to train young Khmers in drawing characters used in adverting, cartoons, and films. These schools are seeking to tap into a multi-billion-dollar global industry and realize Cambodia's potential to participate in the high-tech services trade. Different institutions in Cambodia are developing students' technical skills related to three-dimensional (3D) animation, each with their particular goals and means. It is a Cambodian non-governmental organization that started in 1986 to bring together children from a refugee camp on the Thai border and teach them visual and performing arts. The institution's courses range from circus acrobatics to traditional music. The visual arts program includes a computer animation studio, 1000 hands that specialize in cartoon animation, with focus on educational and public service projects. Modern IT services offer Cambodia a great potential for diversifying services exports beyond the tourism industry. With effort to develop infrastructure and regulatory policies, and additional hard work from the animation artists, the early promise of seeing Cambodian cartoons on the big screen can well come true.
HasTEE: Programming Trusted Execution Environments with Haskell

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are hardware enforced memory isolation units, emerging as a pivotal security solution for security-critical applications. TEEs, like Intel SGX and ARM TrustZone, allow the isolation of confidential code and data within an untrusted host environment, such as the cloud and IoT. Despite strong security guarantees, TEE adoption has been hindered by an awkward programming model. This model requires manual application partitioning and the use of error-prone, memory-unsafe, and potentially information-leaking low-level C/C++ libraries.We address the above with HasTEE, a domain-specific language (DSL) embedded in Haskell for programming TEE applications. HasTEE includes a port of the GHC runtime for the Intel-SGX TEE.HasTEE uses Haskell’s type system to automatically partition an application and to enforce Information Flow Control on confidential data. The DSL, being embedded in Haskell, allows for the usage of higher-order functions, monads, and a restricted set of I/O operations to write any standard Haskell application. Contrary to previous work, HasTEE is lightweight, simple, and is provided as a simple security library; thus avoiding any GHC modifications. We show the applicability of HasTEE by implementing case studies on federated learning, an encrypted password wallet, and a differentially-private data clean room.