jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Role of porosity and water holding capacity of soil in nmdc dantewada of Chhattisgarh

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

An examination was done to concentrate on the physical and substance properties of soils and their relationship with water-holding limits along the altitudinal slope for developed soils of South Bastar Dantewada. The geography Dantewada is located at 18.9000°N 81.3500°E. [1] It has an average elevation of 351 meters (1154 feet). Dantewada city is situated on the river banks of the Shankani and Dankini rivers. The soil surface went from sandy topsoil to earth with somewhat acidic (7.6) to profoundly acidic (5.2) in response. The natural carbon content fluctuated from 1.22 to 3.45 % with a mean worth of 2.31 %. The mass thickness, molecule thickness, porosity, volume extension and water in air-dry soils went from 1.08 to 1.54 gm/cc, 2.05 to 2.77 gm/cc, 42.44 to 61.73 per cent, 2.95 to 11.9 % and 0.68 to 4.32 %, individually. The water-holding limit (WHC) went from 33 to 73.86 % with a mean worth of 54.18 %. The outcomes uncovered that20% of the soil tests have medium to high WHC while just 80% are of low class.
Numerical Study of Twin Jets Interactions using Realizable Model

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the present study, we numerically investigated the twin turbulent jets characteristics and turbulent quantities when a solid object is placed between the two nozzles. The two jets are assumed to be isothermal, incompressible and fully developed. Turbulence is modeled by the k-e Realizable model. The set of Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes equations are solved iteratively by the Fluent software. The numerical model is validated with the experimental results available in the literature. For many Reynolds numbers, it was found that velocities and its gradients decay along the longitudinal direction. The placement of a solid object between the twin jet affects the flow structure behind nozzles due to the curvature effect of the solid object. The converging region is disappeared and the combined points axial position increases with Reynolds number. The evolution is almost linearly with an increase in Reynolds number. The effect of turbulence intensity at the exit of the nozzle is also examined. For a fixed Reynolds number, the axial combined position increases almost linearly with turbulence intensity.
Stories of the role musicking plays in coping with the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this narrative study is to explain the role that musicking plays in coping with the COVID-19 pandemic for 11 South African musicians. The research question is: How do the stories of 11 South African musicians explain the role that musicking plays in coping with the COVID-19 pandemic? There have been studies on how music helps in therapeutic and everyday settings, but there has been limited research on the role musicking plays in coping with pandemics. The 11 author-participants in the study have lived through this pandemic, and their stories served as the data. We used a narrative coding scheme to enable co-coding. Our findings are a collaborative interpretation of our analyses and are represented as a fictionalized dialogue. This dialogue revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic had a range of psychological effects on the participant researchers. Musicking contributed to proactive and reactive coping strategies, including listening to music actively, making music with others virtually and in their homes, finding solidarity through engaging with musical icons, allowing them to connect with others, escape, focus, relax, and find hedonic well-being and hope. Further research will be needed to understand the roles musicking may play in coping with pandemics.
Who’s Afraid of the Past

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The focus of this paper is on the role of audiovisual archives for PSBs with regards to their function as democratic and inclusive institutions. We discuss the importance of audiovisual archives as integrated parts of PSBs, argue that accessibility of archives is a universal service and as such, a fundamental factor for PSBs to fulfil their democratic functions in the 21st century. We investigate structural, legal and institutional factors that impact on the state of archives using empirical evidence from four archives of PSBs and focus on four key elements of accessibility, namely equality, cross-border access, media literacy and contextualisation, and archives awareness. Our research highlights some of the struggles and contradictions that PSBs find themselves into as a result of pressures and tensions between institutions, the market and the citizens.
Biochemical Studies With Preserved Transplanted Canine Liver

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The problem of hepatic transplantation is complicated by present inability to preserve donor livers until needed. If liver transplantation is in fact to play a role in treatment of hepatic disease, methods for prolonged liver preservation must be found. In the laboratory, fresh canine liver when homotransplanted will function at near normal levels for a year or more.1During transplantation, however, time without circulation must usually be less than an hour. If the time is extended beyond this, the canine liver usually suffers irreversible damage. Studies with the pig liver show it is somewhat more hardy in that it will perform biochemical functions at normal or near normal levels for several hours after removal,2but it is still not known whether after this period such livers when transplanted will maintain an animal. Several methods for preservation of heart, lung, intestine, kidney,3,4and ovary5have been intensively
STORM WATER RUNOFF QUALITY FROM THREE LAND‐USE AREAS IN SOUTH FLORIDA1

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT: Storm water runoff studies of three small basins (20, 40, and 58 acres) in the Fort Lauderdale area of Florida were conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1974–78. The basins were homogeneously developed with land uses being: commercial, single family residential, and high traffic volume highway. Synchronized data were collected for rainfall, storm water discharge, storm water quality, and bulk precipitation (rainfall plus dry fallout) quality. Analysis of the storm water discharge data showed that most runoff was from impervious areas hydraulically connected to drain inlets. Regression analyses of the storm water discharge and water quality data indicated that storm loads from the single family residential area correlated strongly with peak discharge and length of antecedent dry periods. Storm loads from the highway area correlated strongly with rainfall and less strongly with peak discharge and antecedent dry periods. Storm loads from the commercial area correlated strongly with peak discharge and rainfall, and less strongly with antecedent dry periods. On a unit area basis, the single family residential area yielded the largest loads of nitrogen, phosphorus, and dissolved solids. The commercial area yielded the largest loads of lead, zinc, and chemical oxygen demand. Yields of carbon were about the same for the three areas. Constituent loadings derived directly from the atmosphere were estimated on the basis of bulk precipitation samples and compared with storm runoff loads from the highway and commercial areas.
Differences of Host Country-Destination Image Assessment for International Students According to Risk Perception in COVID-19 Tourism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study examined the comparative assessment of destination image according to the perception of COVID-19 and travel risk among international students. The online survey was administered to 786 international students enrolled in universities in Korea. Cluster analysis was performed, and three distinct clusters were identified based on risk perception. Destination image attributes were generated into four underlying dimensions: social environment, tourist environment, destination environment, and imagery, using the exploratory factor analysis. A revised Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method was utilized to assess the destination image of Korea and used to compare the expected performance of the attributes on each cluster. In addition, a revised IPA grid of each cluster was presented to unveil the satisfaction attributes of the destination image and suggest communication strategies. This study provides practical insights to destination marketers and organizations to design marketing strategies for international students. Further practical and theoretical implications are discussed.
Undergraduate Nursing Students’ and Clinical Instructors’ Perceptions of the Characteristics of an Effective Clinical Instructor at the Faculty of Nursing, Cairo University

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Learning in the clinical environment is an essential part of nursing education programs. Effective clinical teaching is crucial for the learning of nursing students in the clinical settings. It helps in preparing students for the work they will have to do as practicing nurses [1]. The study aimed to identify the undergraduate nursing students’ and clinical instructors’ perceptions of the characteristics of an effective clinical instructor at the Faculty of Nursing- Cairo University. A descriptive cross- sectional design was utilized of the study. This study was conducted at the Faculty of Nursing, Cairo University. A convenience sample of (591) nursing students and (112) clinical instructors who are working at the Faculty of Nursing- Cairo University and are willing to participate in the study. The Nursing Clinical Teacher Effective Inventory (NCTEI) was used for data collection. Results indicated that the categories of teaching ability and interpersonal relationships were the most valued characteristics rated by both undergraduate nursing students and clinical instructors. While, the least valued characteristics rated by both undergraduate nursing students and clinical instructors were the categories of nursing competence, personality traits and evaluation. The study recommended that workshops/seminars should be organized to orient clinical teachers on their roles in clinical setting. Periodic clinical instructors’ evaluation is necessary to incorporate unused behaviors, into their practice.
Accelerating Towards DevOps

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Ben had joined our team as a Cloud admin and had spent the last three years of his professional career managing and administering Cloud platform. Most of this work of his involved him operating on the Cloud using the user interface consoles provided by the Cloud vendors. He seemed to be in a confused state of mind when we talked about locking the access to these user interfaces and operating on Cloud purely using CLIs or by means of writing code to leverage the rich APIs available for those platforms. He was even more surprised when he saw the size of the team which was currently in place to manage the huge scale of Cloud services at our organization.
The 1989 Presidential Election: Electoral Behaviour in a Brazilian City

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The two and a half years of the Collor de Mello government were marked by so many dramatic events that the significance of the election which made him the first directly elected President in 29 years was not accorded the attention it derserved. A succession of events made the 1989 election results lose much of their interest for debate and study: the drastic after the inauguration of his government; the marketing campaign every time Collor appeared in the media; and, above all, the serious accusations of corruption involving his wife, relatives, close friends and Collor himself leading to his impeachment in December 1992.
" Major League City": Atlanta, Professional Sports, and the Making of a Sunbelt Metropolis, 1961-1976

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This dissertation is a study of how the pursuit,
advent, and popular response to professional sports in Atlanta both
shaped and reflected the region’s evolving political and consumer
culture during the 1960s and 1970s. It examines the concerted
effort by municipal elites during this time period to acquire
professional sports franchises for their city and its environs.
Atlanta’s leadership succeeded at luring four major professional
sports franchises to Atlanta in a six-year period (1966-1972) by
securing significant public and private investments in two playing
facilities in the Central Business District (CBD). Scholars of the
economic history of professional sports describe the increasing
geographic mobility of the major leagues in the post-World War II
era as “franchise free agency.” Atlanta took advantage of this
expanding market by making civic investments in two playing venues
as a means of attracting franchises. This dissertation analyzes how
the emerging metropolis’ negotiation of “franchise free agency”
reshaped the culture, public policy, and urban planning of Atlanta.
It shows how Atlanta provided a model employed by future Sunbelt
cities as they pursued professional teams of their own, often
luring clubs from Rust Belt cities with similarly lucrative offers
of public support. This dissertation proceeds to analyze the
response to professional sports in Metropolitan Atlanta in the
decade after it achieved major league status. The city’s elites
assumed that residents would embrace the teams and transform their
tony playing facilities into twin focal points of leisure and
communal pride. Instead, Atlantans from all of the region’s racial,
socio-economic, and residential clusters responded apathetically to
the teams. The collective shrug with which Atlantans reacted to
their new franchises demonstrated the growing cultural divergence
which characterized life in the booming Sunbelt center over the
course of the 1960s and 1970s. In subsequent decades, civic elites
in other rapidly growing Sunbelt centers believed, like their
predecessors in Atlanta, that municipal investments in professional
sports would provide their communities with a wellspring of unity
and prestige. Residents of these metropolitan areas responded to
their new stadiums and teams in the 1980s and 1990s with an apathy
similar to that of Atlantans toward their teams during the 1960s
and 1970s.
Decision making by health professionals during COVID-19: an integrative review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the scientific production on the decision making of health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Integrative review in the databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, WoS, and BVS. Inclusion criteria: original articles available in full, in any language, related to the object investigated. Results: During this pandemic, health workers have been making decisions based on ethical/bioethical principles (utility, beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, justice, proportionality, flexibility, clinical prognosis, duration of the need, and fair health attention), values (solidarity, equality, equity, utilitarianism, relational autonomy, reliability, reciprocity, maximization of the benefits and resources, and prioritization of those in worse conditions), beliefs and personal motivation, protocols, directives, tools, algorithms, recommendations, and criteria. Final considerations: Decision making has never been so necessary as in this pandemic. This article is not a recipe for the professionals, since decision making is based on numerous factors. However, it provides them with a foundation that can be helpful in this difficult process.
Phytophthora cactorum . [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract A description is provided for Phytophthora cactorum . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a very wide range of host plants embracing 54 families (particularly Rosaceae ) and over 150 genera (Nienhaus, 1960; Rangaswami, 1962) including ash, beech, cherry, conifers, apple, pear, apricot, strawberry, cucurbits, eggplant, cacti, gooseberry, rhododendron, lilac, ginseng, rhubarb, avocado, birch, maple and oak. DISEASES: Damping-off of seedlings including ash, beech, cherry and conifers; fruit rot of apple, pear, apricot, strawberry (leather rot), cucurbits and eggplant; leaf and stem rot of cacti, gooseberry, rhododendron, lilac, ginseng and rhubarb; collar rot and crown rot of apple and other fruit trees stem canker of avocado, birch, maple and oak; root rots in general. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in tempetate areas (CMI Map 280). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne. Widely distributed in soils of apple orchards affected with collar rot (35: 685; 37: 132). Strawberry fruit in unmulched beds and wind-fall apples and pears on the ground frequently become infected by contact with infested soil (4: 101; 35: 685) where the pathogen may occur to a depth of 50 cm and persist for as long as 15 yr. in ploughland previously under apple orchards (42: 75). This has been partially explained by the irregular germination of oospores which require a dormant period (Blackwell, 1943; Legge, 1952). Apple fruit and gooseberry shoot infection are most frequent on lower branches subject to rain-splash which carry zoospores (41: 49). Long periods of rain, heavy dews, fog and high soil moisture favour the spread of the pathogen (39: 250; 45, 2553; 22: 30-31; 42: 391).
New Perspectives To Develop Psychomotor Capacity For Romanian Childrens From Primary School

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Physical education, as a component of general education, contributes to the development and improvement of the child in terms of motor skills; stimulating the intellectual activity and certain affective processes; developing certain group relations; activation of certain psychical processes; developing some skills and qualities in the work process; refining the body organs, functions, apparatuses; refining certain particular notes which appear in the activity of certain organs, apparatuses, processes, as an effect of practising physical exercise; sense of the ball, sense of rhythm, of tackling, peripheral vision, tactical thinking, motor memory, kinestesic sensations, etc. The purpose is to design the physical education’s contents through psychomotor capacity’s structure, which would impact positively the two components, general motor skills and psychomotricity by using a complex system of action using specific means and materials within the physical education lesson, but also the identification of new strategies of acting in an optimum manner in accordance with the current level of physical and psychical development of pupils from elementary school. Physical education, as part of general education, pursues to achieve certain objectives, derived from the educational ideal, formulated at some point by society for which the subjects taking part in this kind of activity are being trained. Among the general objectives that physical education proposes to achieve is also the one concerning the harmonious development of human personality by influencing both in terms of prophylaxis (prevention of negative outcomes), and remedial (remedying the negative traits which can appear at some point).
Evaluation of molasses concentration and anoxic-aerobic react period in biodecolorization and mineralization of tartrazine (acid yellow 23)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Dyes are widely used in the textile industry and 10–15% of these dyes are lost to effluent during the dyeing process. Dye reduction usually requires anaerobic or anoxic conditions, whereas bacterial biodegradation of aromatic amines is an exclusively aerobic process. Despite of its feasibility, increase efficiency of anaerobic color removal requires fast reductive processes with electron donor (organic co-substrate) which is usually the drawbacks of conventional biological process. The present study focuses on the evaluation of molasses concentration and anoxicaerobic react period in biodecolorization and mineralization of tartrazine under integrated anoxic-aerobic react sequencing batch reactor (IAASBR). The IAASBR system was operated under anoxic-aerobic condition with 24 hours per cycle. Different molasses loading (0.5 g/L; 1.0 g/L) and anoxic/aerobic react periods (17/4 hours; 12.5/8.5 hours) were adopted, and their effects on microorganism growth, tartrazine decolorization and COD removal were determined. Removal efficiency of tartrazine dye and COD increased to around 50–70% and up to 95%, respectively, after the molasses concentration doubled from 0.5 g/L to 1.0 g/L. The MLVSS also increased from 3660 mg/L to 7700 mg/L. The presence of molasses promote the growth of biomass in the IAASBR system and improve the treatment efficiency of IAASBR in biodecolorization and mineralization of tartrazine. In addition, shorter anoxic react (12.5/8.5 hours anoxic/aerobic) exhibited higher COD reduction (up to 94.00 mg COD/L.hr) compared to 71.93 mg COD/L.hr for 17/4 hours anoxic/aerobic period. However, for biodecolorization of tartrazine dye, influence of the anoxic-aerobic react duration was insignificant but more consistent tartrazine removal was observed under 12.5/8.5 hours anoxic/aerobic period.
Ordered and Ushered; the Assembly and Translocation of the Adhesive Type I and P Pili

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Type I and P pili are chaperone-usher pili of uropathogenic Escherichia coli, which allow bacteria to adhere to host cell receptors. Pilus formation and secretion are orchestrated by two accessory proteins, a chaperone, which catalyses pilus subunit folding and maintains them in a polymerization-competent state, and an outer membrane-spanning nanomachine, the usher, which choreographs their assembly into a pilus and drives their secretion through the membrane. In this review, recent structures and kinetic studies are combined to examine the mechanism of type I and P pili assembly, as it is currently known. We also investigate how the knowledge of pilus biogenesis mechanisms has been exploited to design selective inhibitors of the process.
RADIATION PRODUCED BY GLOW DISCHARGE IN A DEUTERIUM CONTAINING GAS (Part 2)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

This is the second paper in a series describing the radiation produced by the cathode during glow discharge in low-pressure gas using DC voltages between 400 V and 800 V. Evidence for energetic electrons, low-energy X-rays, and occasional proton(deuteron) emission has been obtained. The energy, intensity, and type of the radiation are sensitive to gas composition and the material used as the cathode. I.
Gold-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulation, Carbenoid Transfer, and C–H Insertion Cascade: Elucidation of Annulation Mechanisms via Benzopyrylium Intermediates

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

It has been established that a cationic gold(I)/PCy3 complex catalyzes the intramolecular cascade reaction of enediyne-carbonyls via benzopyrylium intermediates giving pentacyclic compounds, bearing five or six stereocenters with high yields and diastereoselectivity. In this cascade reaction, [3 + 2] annulation, carbenoid transfer, and C–H insertion proceed in one-pot. The DFT calculation revealed that both the [3 + 2] and [4 + 2] annulations proceed via the same gold(I) carbenoid, produced by the [3 + 2] cycloaddition, and the reaction between the gold(I) carbenoid and the additional alkyne unit promotes the present cascade reaction.