jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The calculation of dose from external photon exposures using reference human phantoms and Monte Carlo methods. Pt. 7. Organ doses due to parallel and environmental exposure geometries

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This report presents a tabulation of organ and tissue equivalent dose as well as effective dose conversion coefficients, normalised to air kerma free in air, for occupational exposures and environmental exposures of the public to external photon radiation. For occupational exposures, whole-body irradiation with idealised geometries, i.e. broad parallel beams and fully isotropic radiation incidence, is considered. The directions of incidence for the parallel beams are anterior-posterior, posterior-anterior, left lateral, right lateral and a full 360 rotation around the body`s longitudinal axis. The influence of beam divergence on the body doses is also considered as well as the dependence of effective dose on the angle of radiation incidence. Regarding exposure of the public to environmental sources, three source geometries are considered: exposure from a radioactive cloud, from ground contamination and from the natural radionuclides distributed homogeneously in the ground. The precise angular and energy distributions of the gamma rays incident on the human body were taken into account. The organ dose conversion coefficients given in this catalogue were calculated using a Monte Carlo code simulating the photon transport in mathematical models of an adult male and an adult female, respectively. Conversion coefficients are given for the equivalent dose of 23 organs and tissues as well as for effective dose and the equivalent dose of the so-called `remainder`. The organ equivalent dose conversion coefficients are given separately for the adult male and female models and - as arithmetic mean of the conversion coefficients of both - for an average adult. Fitted data of the coefficients are presented in tables; the primary raw data as resulting from the Monte Carlo calculation are shown in figures together with the fitted data. (orig.)
Chaperone-like N-Methyl Peptide Inhibitors of Polyglutamine Aggregation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Polyglutamine expansion in the exon 1 domain of huntingtin leads to aggregation into beta-sheet-rich insoluble aggregates associated with Huntington's disease. We assessed eight polyglutamine peptides with different permutations of N-methylation of backbone and side chain amides as potential inhibitors of polyglutamine aggregation. Surprisingly, the most effective inhibitor, 5QMe(2) [Anth-K-Q-Q(Me(2))-Q-Q(Me(2))-Q-CONH(2), where Anth is N-methylanthranilic acid and Q(Me(2)) is side chain N-methyl Q], has only side chain methylations at alternate residues, highlighting the importance of side chain interactions in polyglutamine fibrillogenesis. Above a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio, 5QMe(2) can completely prevent fibrillation of a synthetic aggregating peptide, YAQ(12)A; it also shows significant inhibition at substoichiometric ratios. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements show a moderate K(d) with very fast k(on) and k(off) values. Sedimentation equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation indicates that 5QMe(2) is predominantly or entirely monomeric at concentrations of
VEHICULAR AIR POLLUTION: RESEARCH NEEDS AND REDUCTION OPTIONS FOR NIGERIA

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

One of the negative consequences of road transport usage is vehicular air pollution (VAP). The effects of vehicular air pollution (VAP) on man and his environment are gravious. The mitigation of the effects can only be through a pragmatic policy, based on conscious research efforts into the different facets of the issue, and this has been lacking in most Sub-Saharan African Countries, including Nigeria. This paper therefore reviews the isolated research evidence on VAP in Nigeria, develops a research/policy format for a long term solution to the problem and advocates for the use of economic-based incentives for the reduction of vehicular air pollution in Nigeria in the short run. (A)
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MIND MAP MELALUI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN AUDIO VISUAL TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN EKONOMI KELAS XI DI SMA NEGERI 1 ANJATAN KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Learning economies rated by students impressed many theories, so it is not easy to understand the material economy. This is caused by the way the students were impressed full text in the economy recorded material resulting in short term memory. Thus, the need for learning model learning Mind Map via audio-visual media that trigger the brain students to think more creatively organized by recording the audio-visual-aided learning media as a learning support so that the benefits can increase students' understanding of the concept and trigger long-term memory. Thus, the formulation of the problem is how the student response, a different perception of the concept of student learning experimental class and control class, and how much influence the learning model learning Mind Map via audio-visual media to the understanding of the concept of student learning?This study aims to determine the students' response to the economic learning by applying learning models Mind Map via instructional media audio-visual equipment, a different perception of the concept of student learning visits than - average value graders control and experiment and its influence applying the learning model Mind Map via instructional media audio-visual to the understanding of the concept of students of class XI IPS.The method used is a quasi-experimental method with a sample of class XI IPS 1 and XI IPS 4 SMAN 1 Anjatan Indramayu. Retrieving data using tests and questionnaires. Tests to measure students' understanding of the concept and a questionnaire to know the student's response. The results showed a good response to the economic learning by applying the learning model of learning Mind Map via audio-visual media of 85.83% and a significant effect on students' understanding of the concept on economic subjects regional international trade material by simple regression test with the results taccount > ttabel is 7314 > 1.701. It meant Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected.Â Keywords: Learning Model of the Mind Map, Learning Media Audio Visual and Concept Training Student Learning.
THE BRAIN-LIVER WEIGHT RATIO IN EPILEPSY

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

As we have indicated in a preceding paper1on the brain-liver weight ratio in epilepsy, our attention was first invited to this subject by the articles of Myerson2and Thom,3each of whom has reported a series of cases in which he has found an abnormal relationship between the weight of the brain and that of the liver in this condition. Although the points of view and the results of these investigators have already been indicated in the preceding article, it seems desirable to repeat them briefly. In 1914, Myerson studied a group of twenty selected epileptic persons, ranging in age from 25 to 40 years; all were well nourished and "died of sudden diseases." The cases were chosen to eliminate, as far as possible, such factors as tuberculosis, diarrhea and emaciation. Most of the patients died from suffocation, acute lobar pneumonia, edema of the lungs and
How can we diagnose coronary heart disease in hypertensive patients?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chest pain is a common complaint among hypertensive patients. Hypertension and coronary heart disease each may present with symptoms and signs that are clinically indistinguishable. Noninvasive testing by routine exercise stress testing and stress radionuclide angiography are not reliably predictive of ischemia resulting from obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease and should be abandoned for that diagnostic purpose. Noninvasive thallium-201 myocardial perfusion imaging for this purpose may prove to be a valuable tool, avoiding the risk and expense of coronary arteriography. However, carefully performed prospective studies are not available. Because of the high prevalence of both diseases, a high priority must be given to obtaining these data and evaluating other noninvasive methods (especially positron emission tomography) if they appear promising.
Off to the Pictures: Cinemagoing, Women’s Writing and Movie Culture in Interwar Britain

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Examines women's constructions of selfhood through film and literature in interwar BritainOff to the Pictures: Cinemagoing, Women's Writing and Movie Culture in Interwar Britain offers a rich new exploration of interwar women's fictions and their complex intersections with cinema. Interrogating a range of writings, from newspapers and magazines to middlebrow and modernist fictions, the book takes the reader through the diverse print and storytelling media that women constructed around interwar film-going, arguing that literary forms came to constitute an intermedial gendered cinema culture at this time.Using detailed case studies, this innovative book draws upon new archival research, industrial analysis and close textual readings to consider cinema's place in the fictions and critical writings of major literary figures such as Winifred Holtby, Stella Gibbons, Elizabeth Bowen, Jean Rhys, Elinor Glyn, C. A. Lejeune and Iris Barry. Through the lens of feminist film historiography, Off to the Pictures presents a bold new view of interwar cinema culture, read through the creative reflections of the women who experienced it
Quantitative prediction of NF-κB DNA– protein interactions

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We describe a general method based on principal coordinates analysis to predict the effects of single-nucleotide polymorphisms within regulatory sequences on DNA–protein interactions. We use binding data for the transcription factor NF-κB as a test system. The method incorporates the effects of interactions between base pair positions in the binding site, and we demonstrate that such interactions are present for NF-κB. Prediction accuracy is higher than with profile models, confirmed by crossvalidation and by the experimental verification of our predictions for additional sequences. The binding affinities of all potential NF-κB sites on human chromosome 22, together with the effects of known single-nucleotide polymorphisms, are calculated to determine likely functional variants. We propose that this approach may be valuable, either on its own or in combination with other methods, when standard profile models are disadvantaged by complex internucleotide interactions.
Research on Energy Conversion Module Configuration Method of Multi-energy Transformation Integrated Equipment Adapted to Highway Traffic Scenes

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Under the background of the dual-carbon strategy, the installed scale of solar energy, wind energy and other clean energy in the field of highway transportation is continuously increasing, and the types of loads along the highway are diverse. Ensuring the flexible transformation between various forms of energy can not only effectively improve the utilization rate of clean energy, but also adapt to different operating scenarios of the road network. Based on different highway traffic scenarios, this paper aims to optimize comprehensive energy efficiency, and comprehensively considers the constraints of each energy conversion module of the equipment and the overall equipment, and establishes a mixed integer linear programming model (MILP). The verification results of the numerical examples show that it is reasonable, effective and necessary to establish the optimal configuration model of the energy transformation module of the multi-energy transformation integrated equipment that adapts to different scenarios "source-load-storage", which can not only ensure that the energy supply meets the load demand in most cases, but also significantly promote the consumption of new energy, and reduce highway operation costs.
Disciplining Member States: EU Loyalty in External Relations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This Article argues that the cooperation obligations of the Member States under EU law are best understood as forming part of an overall duty of EU loyalty and elaborates on the consequences of framing it in this way. EU loyalty legally requires Member States to make the common EU interest their own. The Article further demonstrates that EU loyalty is more relevant and more stringently applied in EU external relations than within the EU legal order. Loyalty obligations of the Member States reach into the future, extend to hypothetical situations, and are at a comparatively high level of abstraction aimed to protect the Union's ability to act effectively on the international plane. This limits Member States’ margin of manoeuvre, including when they take unilateral external action within the realm of their retained national competences. The Article explains that this may be functionally justified by the high stakes of non-concerted external action. However, and in particular with the EU's increased external powers and the ever-growing relevance of international cooperation, the stringent application of cooperation requirements should be (better) explicated and justified.
The Clinical Value of Long Noncoding RNA DDX11-AS1 as a Biomarker for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a high-mortality malignant tumor with genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, making predicting clinical outcomes challenging. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the potential usefulness of lncRNA DDX11 antisense RNA 1 (DDX11-AS1) as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The TCGA-LIHC datasets were searched for patients’ clinical information and RNA-seq data, which were then collected. Relative expression levels of DDX11-AS1 in HCC tissues were determined by qRT-PCR. In order to test the sensitivity and specificity of the DDX11-AS1 receiver, receiver operating characteristic curves were utilized. The association of DDX11-AS1 expression with clinicopathological factors or prognosis was statistically analyzed. We found that the levels of DDX11-AS1 were higher in HCC specimens than in normal specimens. ROC analysis showed that DDX11-AS1 was a useful marker for discriminating HCC tissues from normal nontumor specimens. According to the results of clinical tests, a high level of DDX11-AS1 expressions was significantly related to the pathologic stage ( p = 0.015 ) and the histologic grade ( p < 0.001 ). Survival studies indicated that patients with higher DDX11-AS1 expression had a significantly poorer overall survival ( p = 0.005 ) and progression-free interval ( p = 0.003 ) than those with lower DDX11-AS1 expression. Multivariate survival analysis verified that DDX11-AS1 expression level was an independent predictor for HCC patients. Overall, DDX11-AS1 may serve as a tumor promotor during HCC progression, and its high level may be a potential marker for HCC patients.
The impact of restorative justice circles used during experiential outdoor education on alternative students' feelings of connectedness

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This capstone project explores the use of Restorative Justice Circles on building feelings of connectedness when used in experiential outdoor education. The paper explores current research on Restorative Justice Circles and summarizes how Circles are being used in schools. Eleven students, labeled at-risk by their district, are interviewed in-depth about their previous disconnection with school, peers, and teachers. Students then describe the Circle process that was used during the summer school program and the feelings that they had about Circle and connectedness. The author also interviews students about Restorative Justice Circles and their opinions about whether or not Circle restores justice in any way. The results of the study show that Restorative Justice Circles do impact feelings of connectedness when used properly, but have limits on restoring justice as a whole.
Lemyra (Thyrgorina) punctilinea

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

86. Lemyra (Thyrgorina) punctilinea (Moore, 1879): 40 = D. [iacrisia] unilinea Rothschild, 1910: 133 Type locality: Darjiling [India, West Bengal] Distribution: From Kashmir to West Bengal (Darjeeling) (Dubatolov 2010), Sikkim (Hampson 1901).
Effective DemeapexNet: Revealing Spontaneous Facial Micro-Expressions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In affective computing, several deep learning-based strategies have been developed to classify facial micro-expression (ME), but the high recognition accuracy is yet to achieve due to some inherent challenges such as the low intensity of facial micro movement, region-specific changes, fraction second longevity, and inconsistency and a limited number of samples in publicly available spontaneous datasets. In this paper, we attempt to address these issues and propose a highly effective end-to-end deep model to recognize micro-expressions based on apex frames. Two-stage transfer learning through Image-Net and four macro expression datasets, and fine-tuning on four spontaneous micro-expression benchmark datasets, namely CASME, CASMEII, CAS(ME)2, and SAMM with four validation protocols have been implemented. Our experimental results surpass the effectiveness of the state- of-the-art methods and express the higher model generalization, which subsequently can expedite the applications such as lie catching, homeland securities, criminal detections, business deal negotiations, and clinical diagnosis through psychoanalysis.
COVID-19 SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE REOPENING OF THE DR. JOAQUIM GRAVA CORINTHIANS TRAINING FACILITY

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Since December 2019, the world has been fighting the SARS-CoV2 virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Little is known about vaccines and forms of treatment at this point. However, the importance of preventing transmission is very clear, and one of the main measures is social isolation. Major sports tournaments, including soccer championships, have been suspended or cancelled due to COVID-19, on the grounds of our understanding of the importance of social isolation. Accordingly, large clubs have handed over their stadiums for the construction of field hospitals, and have encouraged health care by providing guidance on hygiene and social distancing. The involvement of soccer in the prevention of this pandemic is due to the fact that its managers understand the importance of this sport in the process, and its influence on fans and players. Over the years, soccer has incorporated scientific and technological knowledge into the game, which has frequently served as a role model for other types of sport and for the population. Therefore, in these extreme times of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is no reason to believe it would be any different, and standpoints taken by soccer teams serve as an example and reiterate their role in the educational commitment to society and respect for government authorities. As a result, a protocol was drawn up for the resumption of training, in which all recommendations to be followed by players, managers/backroom staff and employees are in accordance with official health agencies of the national and international government. In other words, the resumption of training is subject to the authorization of government authorities. Level of evidence III; Descriptive study.
Early life influences on the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There is increasing evidence that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not simply a disease of old age that is largely restricted to heavy smokers, but may be associated with insults to the developing lung during foetal life and the first few years of postnatal life, when lung growth and development are rapid. A better understanding of the long-term effects of early life factors, such as intrauterine growth restriction, prenatal and postnatal exposure to tobacco smoke and other pollutants, preterm delivery and childhood respiratory illnesses, on the subsequent development of chronic respiratory disease is imperative if appropriate preventive and management strategies to reduce the burden of COPD are to be developed. The extent to which insults to the developing lung are associated with increased risk of COPD in later life depends on the underlying cause, timing and severity of such derangements. Suboptimal conditions in utero result in aberrations of lung development such that affected individuals are born with reduced lung function, which tends to remain diminished throughout life, thereby increasing the risk both of wheezing disorders during childhood and subsequent COPD in genetically susceptible individuals. If the current trend towards the ever-increasing incidence of COPD is to be reversed, it is essential to minimize risks to the developing lung by improvements in antenatal and neonatal care, and to reduce prenatal and postnatal exposures to environmental pollutants, including passive tobacco smoke. Furthermore, adult physicians need to recognize that lung disease is potentially associated with early life insults and provide better education regarding diet, exercise and avoidance of smoking to preserve precious reserves of lung function in susceptible adults. This review focuses on factors that adversely influence lung development in utero and during the first 5 years of life, thereby predisposing to subsequent COPD.
Estimates and Analysis of Influencing Factors of China's Regional Industrial Carbon Emissions:Case Study of Tianjin

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The carbon emissions of 34 industries in Tianjin from 2001 to 2008 are calculated.Then the carbon emission of Tianjin industry are decomposed into 4 factors as energy structure,energy intensity, economic structure and economic development by using the method of Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI).And the results of the decomposition are analyzed from the comparison between light industry and heavy industry and the key industries.In addition,some relevant proposals are put forward based on the results of the analysis.
STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF BENT REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS OF CONTINUOUS AND COMPOSITE CROSS-SECTION BASED ON A REFINED NONLINEAR CALCULATION METHOD

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A calculation apparatus is proposed that allows considering the issues of deformability of reinforced concrete elements of solid and composite (prefabricated-monolithic) sections from a single position. The approach uses an iterative approach to determine deformations based on a deformation model of a quasi-homogeneous solid body using a nonlinear concrete deformation diagram and a piecewise linear reinforcement deformation diagram, equations of equilibrium of external forces and internal forces. The approach is possible to determine the parameters of the stress-strain state not only of the bent, but also for non-centrally compressed elements. The work of stretched concrete before the formation of cracks is also described by a nonlinear dependence, after that - a rectangular plot. For the compressed part of the section - when deformations are achieved In the calculation method, the stiffness distribution along the length of the element has a parabolic appearance (not piecewise linear and not in the form of a polyline), which allows for additional deflection from the action of transverse force in short reinforced concrete elements and can be used as an external unit for a computer-aided design system. The comparison of the data of the physical experiment, the parameters obtained by the proposed method is carried out. The conclusion is made about the correlation coefficient of the author's physical experiment data and the calculation results according to the proposed methodology. The prospects for the development of the approach and possible areas of its use are shown.