jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The effect of sorafenib on liver regeneration and angiogenesis after partial hepatectomy in rats.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Sorafenib, when administered preoperatively, reduces incompletely and transiently the regeneration of the liver after PH2/3 in rats. This could mean that sorafenib can be used as neoadjuvant treatment of patients with HCC prior to liver resection, but further experimental and clinical studies are needed to establish the safety of this treatment. Hippokratia 2015; 19 (3): 249-255.
<title>Fiber optical ranging sensor for proximity fuse</title>

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A fiber optical ranging sensor used in laser proximity fuze is described in this paper. In the fuze, pulse laser diode (LD) is used as light source and trigger signal is generated by comparing the reflected light pulses with the reference pulses by a correlator after they were converted into electric signals by PIN photodiodes. Multi-mode fibers and integrated optical devices are used in the system so that the structure can be more compact. Optical fiber delay line is used to offer precise delay time for reference channel.
Assessing the Impacts of Hierarchical Healthcare System on the Accessibility and Spatial Equality of Healthcare Services in Shenzhen, China

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The hierarchical healthcare system is widely considered to be a desirable mode of the delivery of healthcare services. It is expected that the establishment of a hierarchical healthcare system can help provide better and more equal healthcare accessibility. However, limited evidence has been provided on the impacts of a hierarchical healthcare system on healthcare accessibility. This study develops an improved Hierarchical two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method, which incorporates variable catchment area sizes, distance friction effects and utilization efficiency for facilities at different levels. Leveraging the Hierarchical 2SFCA method, various scenarios are set up to assess the accessibility impacts of a hierarchical healthcare system. The methods are applied in a case study of Shenzhen. The results reveal significant disparity and inequality in healthcare accessibility and also differences between various facility levels in Shenzhen. The overall healthcare accessibility and its equality can be significantly improved by fully utilizing existing facilities. It is also demonstrated that allocating additional supply to lower-level facilities can generate larger accessibility gains. Furthermore, allocating new supply to primary facilities would mitigate the inequality in healthcare accessibility, whereas inequality tends to be aggravated with new supply allocated to tertiary facilities. These impacts cannot be captured by traditional accessibility measures. This study demonstrates the pivotal role of primary facilities in the hierarchical healthcare system. It can contribute to the literature by providing transferable methods and procedures for measuring hierarchical healthcare accessibility and assessing accessibility impacts of a hierarchical healthcare system in developing countries.
Immediate results of mitral valve-in-valve implantation for bioprosthetic valve dysfunction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p><strong>Background</strong>. Patients with bioprosthetic valve dysfunction have a higher risk for redo procedures because of advanced age, comorbidities and redo-related technical difficulties. Thus, valve-in-valve replacement seems to be an easier and safer option for this group of patients.<br />Objective. To assess the immediate results of mitral valve-in-valve implantation for bioprosthetic valve dysfunction.<br /><strong>Methods</strong>. 6 patients underwent mitral valve-in-valve implantation using “UniLine” prostheses at Kemerovo Research Institute for Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases in 2014.<br /><strong>Results.</strong> There were no cases of in-hospital deaths and prosthesis-related complications in the group under study. Satisfactory performance of bioprostheses was confirmed by echocardiography offered to all the patients before their discharge. <br /><strong>Conclusion.</strong> Mitral valve-in-valve implantation for bioprosthetic valve dysfunction allows achieving satisfactory immediate results.</p>
AUDITORY FIGURE-BACKGROUND PERCEPTION IN NORMAL CHILDREN

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The ability to perceive speech in the presence of noise, usually measured as signal-to-noise ratio, is important to the normal development of auditory functioning in children. 100 children ages 4-11 years were tested for degree to which speech reception threshold was shifted by the presence of 40-db. sensation level noise composed of a jumble of voices. The girls had essentially stable test scores through age 9, with significant improvement to age 11. The boys consistently had better test scores (less threshold shift due to noise) than the girls, with increasingly better scores from age 6 to 11.
Mutation in presynaptic protein Bassoon induces tauopathy in vivo

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Tau aggregation is the underlying cause of several neurodegenerative tauopathies. Formation of tau aggregates with seeding activity involves interactions with other proteins, but with unknown effects on tau‐seed properties. Our previous study found that Bassoon (BSN), a presynaptic protein, interacts with tau‐seed, exacerbating its toxicity in vivo. Bsn downregulation reduced tau spreading and overall pathology. A previous study also linked missense mutations in BSN to the aggregation of 3‐ and 4‐repeat tau in patients. However, it is unknown how genetic mutations in BSN influence tau pathology in vivo. Method We developed a knock‐in mouse model harboring a mutation in endogenous BSN (p.Pro3882Ala), equivalent to p.Pro3866Ala BSN mutation identified in patients. We evaluated the cognitive and motor abilities of aged heterozygous and homozygous BSNKI mice and also we analyzed BSN and tau patterns in the brains of these mice. Additionally, we examined BSN and tau patterns in the BSN mutation carrier. Result At 10 months, BSNKI mice did not exhibit anxiety‐related behavior and had similar activity as WT littermates. They also displayed similar cognitive abilities as the WT mice. Interestingly, the BSNKI mice displayed lower latency to fall off the rotarod and reduced grip strength compared to the WT mice. We also observed an increase in the accumulation of pathological tau and BSN deposits in the brains of the BSNKI mice. The BSN mutation carrier displayed inclusions of BSN and tau pathology. Conclusion We developed a mouse model with a knock‐in mutation in the Bassoon gene, allowing us to evaluate the effects of this disease‐associated mutation in vivo. Our results have shown that the mice with Bsn mutation have impairments in motor coordination, and postural instability, similar to BSN mutation carriers and show pathological tau and BSN deposits in the brain. We found inclusions of BSN and tau pathology in BSN mutation the carrier that resembled certain pathological features of AD and PSP. These findings suggest that BSN plays a role in tau pathology and targeting it may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for tauopathies. Further research is needed to fully understand our findings' underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic implications.
Analisis Pengaruh Label Halal pada Kosmetik Terhadap Konsumen Kosmetik di Kecamatan Medan Amplas

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze how much influence the halal label, facial cleanser, and perfume have on cosmetic consumers in Medan Amplas District. The variables used in this research are halal label (X1), facial cleanser (X2), and perfume (X3) for cosmetic consumers (Y). In this study, the method used is a type of research with a quantitative approach. The data source used is primary data. Respondents who were sampled in this study were 43 people. The process of data analysis in this study uses multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS23 to get an overview of the relationship between one variable and another. The results of the study partially show that the halal label variable has a significant effect on cosmetic consumers. The facial cleanser variable partially has a significant effect on cosmetic consumers. While the perfume variable partially does not have a significant effect on cosmetic consumers. The results of the simultaneous regression analysis showed that halal labels, facial cleansers, and perfumes together have a significant impact on cosmetic consumers.
Ectoparasitism of Damselflies by Water Mites in Central Florida

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Little is known about the frequency of water mite ectoparasitism (Acari: Hydrachnida) within and among damselfly species of Central Florida. Here I present a field survey of the assemblage of damselflies and their water mite parasites at the Archbold Biological Station (Lake Placid, FL) during late Mar, 2006. During this period, 4 species of damselfly were abundant: Ischnura hastata (Say) and Nehalennia gracilis Morse captured only at pond sites; and Argia fumipennis atra Gloyd and Ischnura ramburii (Selys) captured at a lake site. Only pond damselflies had water mites, and 12.2% and 12.5% of I. hastata and N. gracilis were parasitized, respectively. These are 2 novel and unreported odonate-acari associations for this area. I also examined within-species differences in ectoparasitism by sex, body size, and wing-cell fluctuating asymmetry. However, these factors did not relate to the prevalence and intensity of parasitism in the field. My study indicates that brief surveys of odonates in Central Florida will likely generate novel, unreported associations with parasitic water mites—this information is important to address the gap in natural history for southeastern distributions of North American water mites.
INVITIED ARTICLE www.msletters.org | Mass Spectrometry Letters Analysis of Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-Trisphosphates of PTEN Expression on Mammalian Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract: The goal of this study is to find an experimental condition which enables us to perform enzymatic studies on the cellular behavior of PTEN (phosphatase and tensine homolog) through identification of molecular species of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphates and their quantitative analysis in a mammalian cell line using mass spectrometry. We initially exployed a two-step extraction process using HCl for extraction of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphates from two mammalian cell lines and further analyzed the extracted phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphates using tandem mass spectrometry for the identification of them. We finally quantified the concentration of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphates using internal standard calibration. From these observation, we found that HEK 293-T cells is a good model to examine the enzymatic behavior of PTEN in a cell, and the minimum amount of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphates is more than 50 pmol for quantification in a mass spectrometer. These results suggest that the well-optimized experimental conditions are required for the investigation of the cellular PTEN in terms of the catalytic mechanism and further for the detailed identification of cellular substrates.
Investigation on the Control Factors in the Production of Flavoring Fermented Grains of Dongjiu

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The production techniques of Dongjiu mainly cover fermented grains production in small pits by Xiaoqu and flavoring fermented grains production in big pits by Daqu. The production techniques of flavoring fermented grains in big pits could comprehensively represent the production techniques of Dongjiu. The key control factors including pit mud, pits treatment before pit-filling, culture temperature before pit-filling, the proportioning of three types of fermented grains, the moisture of filled fermented grains, the addition of flux liquor during pit-filling etc. were investigated and the experience was summed up. The results showed that each control factor should be highly valued in practice so that quality Dongjiu could be produced. (Tran. by YUE Yang)
A solution of front-back confusion within binaural processing by an estimation method of sound source direction on sagittal coordinate

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

There are many proposals for binaural processing models and their applications for a hearing assistance system. These models attracts attention because of their directional selectivity in frontal direction of user. Not only binaural models but also any of two-element array system have a well know ambiguity in front-back discrimination which is called as "front-back confusion" or called as "cone of confusion" in psychoacoustics. Recently it was found that spectral cue of sound provides keys to solve this confusion in binaural listening condition and it was also reported the peaks and notches of spectral components play main role to estimate the vertical angle in sagittal coordinate. In this paper, a new method to estimate sound source direction on sagittal coordinate is proposed in order to solve the front-back confusion. It is implemented on an artificial neural network using interaural level and phase differences as input. The results of simulation using a set of Head Related Transfer Function of dummy head show that the averaged estimation error in quadrant segmentation is less than 1.0% for various types of sound.
Interplay between Solo and keratin filaments is crucial for mechanical force–induced stress fiber reinforcement

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Mechanical force–induced cytoskeletal reorganization is essential for cell and tissue remodeling and homeostasis; however, the underlying cellular mechanisms remain elusive. Solo (ARHGEF40) is a RhoA-targeting guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) involved in cyclical stretch–induced human endothelial cell reorientation and convergent extension cell movement in zebrafish gastrula. In this study, we show that Solo binds to keratin-8/keratin-18 (K8/K18) intermediate filaments through multiple sites. Solo overexpression promotes the formation of thick actin stress fibers and keratin bundles, whereas knockdown of Solo, expression of a GEF-inactive mutant of Solo, or inhibition of ROCK suppresses stress fiber formation and leads to disorganized keratin networks, indicating that the Solo-RhoA-ROCK pathway serves to precisely organize keratin networks, as well as to promote stress fibers. Of importance, knockdown of Solo or K18 or overexpression of GEF-inactive or deletion mutants of Solo suppresses tensile force–induced stress fiber reinforcement. Furthermore, knockdown of Solo or K18 suppresses tensile force-induced RhoA activation. These results strongly suggest that the interplay between Solo and K8/K18 filaments plays a crucial role in tensile force–induced RhoA activation and consequent actin cytoskeletal reinforcement.
Analysis of lethal outcomes in patients with newly-diagnosed tuberculosis of the respiratory organs in combination with HIV-infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim. To analyse lethal outcomes in patients with newly-diagnosed respiratory tuberculosis comorbid with HIV-infection depending on initial count of CD4+ lymphocytes. Material and methods. Of 304 HIV patients with newly-diagnosed tuberculosis treated in Moscow Tubercusis Hospital N 7 in 2006-2010, 40 (13.2%) patients died. Tuberculosis diagnosis was made after detection of M.tuberculosis (MT) by different tests, MT DNA in different biological material, histological verification or by effectiveness of specific antituberculous therapy. Postmortem examinations were made according to the protocol. Results. Significant differences were detected in patients with initial count of CD4+ lymphocytes less than 50 in 1 mcl. Specific CNS affection was found in patients with initial lymphocyte count CD4+ less than 100 in 1 mcl. Most of autopsy examinations registered generalized acutely progressive tuberculosis with multiple lesions of internal organs and lymph nodes (LN). Microscopy revealed obscure morphological picture of specific inflammation with prevalence of alternative-exudative tissue reactions in the absence of a productive inflammation component. Cases with submiliary dissemination which was invisible in macroscopic examination due to a bright picture of exudative tissue reaction (rare plethora of the lungs, alveolar and interstitial edema, perifocal inflammatory reaction of nonspecific reactive nature) and small size of the lesions. The comparison of clinical and autopsy diagnoses revealed that involvement of intrathoracic LN and miliary dissemination, according to autopsy, occurred much more frequently than shown by antemortem standard x-ray examination of the chest. Conclusion. It is strongly recommended to perform computed tomography of the chest in all HIV-infected patients with long-term fever but without visible alterations on chest x-ray.
Temperature Effects on Fruit Tree Flower Buds (degrees F):

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The temperature at which flower buds are injured depends mainly on their stage of development. Buds are most hardy when fully DORMANT. As they begin to swell, expand into bloom, and develop into fruit, the buds become less resistant to freeze injury. Temperatures before freezes affect flower bud hardiness. Buds are hardier if exposed to cold temperatures for 2 to 3 days before a freeze. Slowly developing buds are more resistant to cold injury. With a NON-hardy bud, the longer the exposure time to freezing temperature, the more extensive the cold injury. Bud temperatures tend to be lower than air temperature during radiation freezes. Bud hardiness varies with the variety.
Jigger Infestation a Menace to Children’s School Attendance

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study intended to investigate the relationship between jigger infestation and participation at school by pre-primary school and lower primary school children. The objective of the study was to find out the relationship between jigger infestation and children’s rate of school attendance. The study was carried out in Gatundu District because it is one of the highly jigger infested districts in Kiambu County, Kenya. The study utilized the Ecological systems theory and it employed the descriptive survey design. The population of the study comprised of pre-primary, lower primary school children and their class teachers from all the public schools in Gatundu District. Forty four jigger infested children were purposively sampled for the study. An equal number of pupils not infested were randomly sampled to be compared with those who were infested. The teachers handling pre-primary school and lower primary classes were also purposively sampled. Questionnaires for teachers, observations schedules for children and document analysis were utilized for data collection. Qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis were applied. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to prepare and organize data for analysis. Pearson’s correlation coefficient test was used to compute the relationship between the variables. Frequency distribution tables, percentages, and descriptions were utilized for data presentations. Findings revealed that jiggers were a major threat to the realization of children’s educational goals. The Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that jigger affected children’s school attendance in that r = -0.123, n=44 and sig(2 tailed)= 0.426.The study recommends that the school managers liaises with other stakeholders to seek for strategies of curing those infested, carry out routine checkups on children and sensitize communities on the causes, dangers and preventive measures of the jigger parasite in order to help all children realize their full educational potential in life. Keywords: Jigger infestation, school attendance, Jigger infestation, health hazard
Testing of Promising Varieties of Sorghum in Terms of Northeastern Bulgaria and South Russia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In a contract for scientific and technical cooperation between Agricultural Institute – Shumen and Stavropol Research Institute of Agriculture – Russia has conducted a comprehensive assessment of new and promising varieties and hybrids of Sorghum, Sudan grass and Sorghum × Sudan grass hybrids. Main feature determining the possibility of the use of varieties and hybrids in agriculture is the length of the growing season. Weather conditions in 2014 have a negative impact on the initial growth rate. There are differences between early ripeness, brooming stage to bloom. An assessment on the economic signs as valuable early ripeness, grain yield and green mass attack by diseases and others.
Table4_Inhibition of HDAC6 With CAY10603 Ameliorates Diabetic Kidney Disease by Suppressing NLRP3 Inflammasome.DOCX

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide, tubular injury is the driving force during the pathogenesis and progression of DN. Thus, we aim to utilize the connectivity map (CMap) with renal tubulointerstitial transcriptomic profiles of biopsy-proven DN to identify novel drugs for treating DN.</p><p>Methods: We interrogated the CMap profile with tubulointerstitial transcriptomic data from renal biopsy-proven early- and late-stage DN patients to screen potential drugs for DN. Therapeutic effects of candidate drug were assessed in Murine model of diabetic kidney disease (STZ-induced CD-1 mice), and HK-2 cells and immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages (iBMDMs).</p><p>Results: We identified CAY10603, a specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), as a potential drug that could significantly reverse the altered genes in the tubulointerstitial component. In DN patients and mice, upregulation of HDAC6 was mainly observed in renal tubular cells and infiltrated macrophages surrounding the diluted tubules. In both early- and late-onset diabetic mice, daily CAY10603 administration effectively alleviated renal dysfunction and reduced macrophage infiltration, tubular injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Mechanistically, CAY10603 suppressed NLRP3 activation in both HK-2 cells and iBMDMs.</p><p>Conclusion: CAY10603 exhibited therapeutic potential for DN by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation in both tubular cells and macrophages.</p>
[The role of endocannabinoid system in physiological and pathological processes in the eye].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Plant of Cannabis sativa/ marihuana except for its psychotropic effects possesses a range of pharmacological properties, that has been utilized for medical purposes over a period of millenia. Investigations concerning biochemical mechanism of action of the main and most active pharmacological compound of Cannabis sativa, cannabinoid 9-THC, contributed to the discovery of cannabinoid receptors both in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral tissues, that mediated actions of this substance. The discovery made possible identification of a new, endogenous signaling system reffered to as the endocannabinoid system. Besides cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, the system includes it's endogenic ligands (endocannabinoids) and compounds that participate in their biosynthesis and inactivation. Structure and functioning of the endocannabinoid system is conservative in all vertebrates. It's activation with plant, synthetic and endogenous cannabinoids has an influence on multiple physiological and pathological processes within the eye.