jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abnormal Heart Sound Detection Using Common Spatial Patterns and Random Forests

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Early and accurate diagnosis of heart conditions is pivotal for effective treatment. Phonocardiography (PCG) has become a standard diagnostic tool for evaluating and detecting cardiac abnormalities. While traditional cardiac auscultation remains widely used, its accuracy is highly dependent on the clinician’s experience and auditory skills. Consequently, there is a growing need for automated, objective methods of heart sound analysis. This study explores the efficacy of the Common Spatial Patterns (CSP) feature extraction algorithm paired with the Random Forest (RF) classifier to distinguish between normal and pathological heart sounds. The signal is denoised, transformed, and segmented into fixed-length segments. CSP is applied to extract discriminative features (a set of Spatial Patterns), which are then fed into the classifier for cardiac diagnosis. The proposed method was evaluated using PhysioNet/CinC Challenge 2016 and Yaseen2018 (Heart Sound Murmur) datasets. On the testing set of the PhysioNet dataset, the RF classifier achieved 100% precision, recall, accuracy, F1 score, and AUC. Similarly, on the testing set of the Yaseen2018 dataset, it achieved 96.30% precision, 1.00 recall, 98.08% accuracy, 98.11% F1 score, and 99.41% AUC.
[60]Fullerene-Fused Cyclopentanes: Mechanosynthesis and Photovoltaic Application

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The mechanochemical cascade reaction of [60]fullerene with 3-benzylidene succinimides, diethyl 2-benzylidene succinate, or 2-benzylidene succinonitrile in the presence of an inorganic base has been investigated under solvent-free and ball-milling conditions. This protocol provides an expedient method to afford various [60]fullerene-fused cyclopentanes, showing advantages of good substrate scope, short reaction time, and solvent-free and ambient reaction conditions. Furthermore, representative fullerene products have been applied in inverted planar perovskite solar cells as efficient cathode interlayers.
The role of HRCT in evaluation of thoracic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Pulmonary involvement is frequent and among the most severe extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) ranking as the second cause of mortality in this patient population. RA can affect lung parenchyma, airways and pleura. HRCT is currently the imaging modality of choice in diagnosis of thoracic manifestations of RA being superior to chest radiography in demonstrating the presence and extent of lung abnormalities. Aim of work: Evaluate the HRCT findings in patients with pulmonary complications of RA. Patients and methods: This study involved 20 patients; 14 females and 6 males, age range 16–64 years (average 48 years). All patients were known cases of RA presenting with dyspnea and cough. Pulmonary complications associated with RA have been evaluated through: clinical examination; laboratory tests mostly CBC and other tests were considered according to case e.g., sputum analysis etc.; and radiological (chest radiograph and HRCT) and functional (Spirometry) assessment. Results: HRCT findings showed signs of interstitial disease in 9 cases (45%), air-way disease in 9 cases (45%) and findings of both entities in 2 cases (10%). 11 cases showed HRCT signs of ILD as follows: 10 (91%) cases showed bilateral subpleural predominantly basal GGO, 8 (73%) cases showed bilateral subpleural predominantly basal reticulation with traction bronchiolectasis, 1 (9%) case showed diffuse GGO, and 2 (18%) cases showed cysts. Out of 11 cases, 9 (89%) cases were consistent with NSIP and 2 (11%) cases were consistent with LIP. 11 cases showed HRCT signs of airway disease, 10 (91%) cases showed bronchial wall thickening, 9 (82%) cases showed hyperinflation, 6 (55%) cases showed bronchiectasis, 5 (45%) cases showed mosaic perfusion, 3 (27%) cases showed beading of the bronchial wall, and 1 (9%) case showed air trapping. PFT showed restrictive changes in 6 out of the 9 patients with HRCT findings of ILD, obstructive changes with signs of small airway disease in 8 out of the 9 patients with HRCT findings suggestive of airway disease, and mixed restrictive and obstructive findings in the 2 patients with both entities by HRCT. Conclusion: Role of HRCT imaging in the evaluation and diagnosis of patients with intra-thoracic manifestations of RA is central, being accurate and non-invasive.
Counter-rotating black holes from FRII lifetimes

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Estimates suggest that while FRII jets appear to have lifetimes constrained to hundreds of millions of years, radio galaxies with FRI jets appear to be longer lived. We illustrate the nature of this time constraint from model perspectives, showing how compatibility between theory and data match in a way suggesting a key difference between active galaxies whose engines are characterized by accretion onto co-rotating versus counter-rotating black holes. We calculate a range of timescales for counter-rotating black holes for a range of accretion rates compatible with theory which we then compare to data. The validity of these timescales constitutes the most powerful recent piece of evidence for considering counter-rotation between black holes and accretion disks in high energy astrophysics.
Peer group leadership for dementia health risk reduction

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background With the worldwide number of persons with dementia predicted to triple by 2050 and a current lack of curative treatment [1], reduction of modifiable risks is increasingly important. In 2020 the Lancet Commission on Dementia, Prevention, and Care reported on twelve health risk management factors that could potentially reduce the risk of dementia [2]. Peer support groups have a history in supporting self‐management of health risk behaviour [3,4]. We wanted to learn if older adults have successfully provided peer leadership in group interventions for older adult health management. Method Using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews we searched three databases (Medline, Embase, and AgeLine) for articles describing older adult leadership for older adult health improvement in older adult health promotion or improvement groups. From the initial 16,000+ results, 19 studies met the criteria for full text screening and analysis. Result Of the 19 studies, 12 used peer leaders and seven had a reciprocal support model. For those using peer leaders, training varied from none to 30 weeks. Older adult leadership or reciprocal support occurred in a range of settings. There were studies examining an older adult run seniors centre and a supportive community engagement program. Six studies focused on diabetes or hypertension, conditions linked with dementia risks. Interventions lasted from four weeks to 24 years. No quantifiable patterns of health management were observed. The only pattern that emerges is that positive physical and behaviour changes occurred more often when peer leaders or co‐facilitators were expected to motivate or encourage participant engagement or mutual support and where expectations included participant goal setting behaviour. Most of the studies of 12 weeks or less did not see lasting changes. Conclusions When asked participants preferred and appreciated peer leadership; however, peer leadership itself was not sufficient for positive health changes. Research with a sharing and empowerment focus within groups often led to improved self‐efficacy and self‐management behaviours. Research with longer participant engagement may result in longer lasting health habits.
Molecular characterization and functional analysis of two new lysozyme genes from soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines (I.)) is one of the most important soil-borne pathogens for soybeans. In plant parasitic nematodes, including SCN, lysozyme plays important roles in the innate defense system. In this study, two new lysozyme genes (Hg-lys1 and Hg-lys2) from SCN were cloned and characterized. The in situ hybridization analyses indicated that the transcripts of both Hg-lys1 and Hg-lys2 accumulated in the intestine of SCN. The qRT-PCR analyses showed that both Hg-lys1 and Hg-lys2 were upregulated after SCN second stage juveniles (J2s) were exposed to the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus subtilis or Staphylococcus aureus. Knockdown of the identified lysozyme genes by in vitro RNA interference caused a significant decrease in the survival rate of SCN. All of the obtained results indicate that lysozyme is very important in the defense system and survival of SCN.
VHDL quality: synthesizability, complexity and efficiency evaluation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With VHDL models increasing their size, it becomes more important to assure the quality of these descriptions in order to improve simulation performances, to make project maintainability easier and to create an efficient link with hardware synthesis results. The goal of this paper is to summarize the activities carried out within the SAVE project, leading to the development of a collection of static analysis tools in order to reduce the time spent in the design verification phase, to improve modifiability, reusability and readability of models and focusing on the different aspects related to hardware semantics (synthesizability analysis).
73 Cases of Drug Sex Liver Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To explore the etiology and drug sex liver disease,in order to improve the clinical features of the disease,looking for a better understanding of the control countermeasures.Methods From January 1995 with December 2005 diagnostic criteria of 73 cases drug sex liver ill patient clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Result Caused drug sex liver disease drug,anti-tuberculosis drugs 18 cases(24.7%),antipyretic analgesics 14 cases(19.2%),Chinese traditional medicine in 12 cases(16.4%),antibiotic medicine 8 cases(11.0%),cardiovascular drugs in 5 patients(6.8%),chemotherapy drug 4 cases(5.5%),hormonal drug 4 cases(5.5%),other 8 cases(11.1%).The clinical manifestations of the acute drug sex liver disease 66 cases(90.4%),including liver cell damage type 21 cases(28.8%),cholestasis type 33 patients(45.2%),mixed 12 cases(16.4%);Chronic drug sex liver disease in 7 cases(9.6%),including liver cell damage type 3 patients(4.1%),cholestasis type 2 cases(2.7%),mixed in 2 cases(2.7%).Conclusion The common liver caused by drugs sex drugs were anti-tuberculosis drugs,antipyretic analgesics and herbs,use these drugs to strict monitoring liver function.Clinical manifestations of mainly with acute liver in drug basic-level medical units need to cause enough attention.
Duck fat: Physicochemical characteristics, health effects, and food utilizations

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

With the increasing global consumption and production of duck meat, the disposal of duck by-products has become both a serious environmental and economic concern. Such issues can be overcome through the use of duck fat derived from duck by-products and it can also be adopted as a healthier edible fat than other animal fats (e.g., pork and beef). This review provides comprehensive coverage of the physicochemical properties, health aspects, and potential applications of duck fat in the food industry. Compared to other animal fats and vegetable oils, the intrinsic fatty acid composition of duck fat, which is high in unsaturated fatty acids (especially oleic acid), provides the physical, thermal, and oxidative stability of final processed foods. Furthermore, it has several advantages over other animal fats, such as its anti-obesity, hepatic health effects, and anti-vascular aging effects. Overall, duck fat has potential advantages as an ingredient in the food industry.
Clinical and technical comparison between two methods of tricuspid valve annuloplasty

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To explore a more ideal method of tricuspid valve annuloplasty (TVP) Methods A set of sizer were developed for TVP Forty patients with moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) were randomly divided into two groups group A and B The length of tricuspid annulus in all patients was measured during operation Patients of group A underwent modified exactly quantitative technique of TVP, while those of group B underwent exactly quantitative De Vega technique The regurgitation was graded and hemodynamics were measured before and after operation Results The ratio of the lengths of anterior,septal, and posterior annuli is 1 27∶1∶0 9 The regurgitation grade of TR and hemodynamics were significantly improved after operation in patients of both groups, especially in those of group A There were no tricuspid stenosis occurred Conclusions The dilatation of tricuspid valve annulus mainly occurs in anterior and posterior parts Septal annulus almost does not dilate Sizer's using are practical Methods of exactly quantitative TVP bring about good results in acquired tricuspid insufficiency The method we modified is better than that of exactly quantitative technique of De Vega
The war from “A” to “Z” – a particular interpretation of Os Cus de Judas, de António Lobo Antunes.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this paper, the novel "Os cus de Judas", by António Lobo Antunes, is analyzed with focus on the narrative structure, on some themes related to memories and on language. The book is examined according to Nietzsche´s theory about language and truth and according to a theory formulated by Blanchot in his study about the "experience of the outside".
[Gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus infection in patients with heart transplants].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major cause of morbidity in organ transplant recipients. Gastrointestinal CMV disease is a serious and potentially lethal complication requiring treatment with antiviral agents. The symptoms and endoscopic findings are nonspecific. The diagnosis may be decided by histological examination, since CMV inclusions can be verified immunohistochemically in routine sections. In a series of 132 heart transplant recipients, 26 developed CMV-infection. Three of these patients had serious gastrointestinal disease. This report describes the patients with gastrointestinal CMV infection, and briefly discusses symptomatology, diagnostic considerations and suggested treatment.
THE ROLE OF MANAGEMENT STYLE ON THE PROPENSITY FOR LOAN DEFAULT BY SMALL BUSINESSES

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The potential of small businesses to contribute to economic development has been reduced by a cocktail of problems of which inaccessibility to finance in the form of institutional loans is pre-eminent. This problem is linked to lenders ’ perception that small businesses are high-risk investments; a perception which is based on an estimation of small businesses ’ ability to repay loans. Such estimates are quite often, reliant on financial indicators, which small businesses are not adept at using to signal their performance ability. As a means to redress the situation, recourse to the use of non-financial indicators to complement loan decision techniques of lenders seems imperative. This study investigated the existence of a relationship between management style, an important non-financial variable and a small business’s propensity to default on loans. Generally, the manner in which a business is managed impacts on organisational outcomes. With regard to the outcome of a small business’s propensity to default on loans, therefore, the role of management is expected to be pivotal. The study empirically analysed quantitative and cross-sectional primary data collected from small businesses in the Durban metropolis of South Africa. Results point to the existence of a strong relationship between management style and propensity to default. This identified relationship should complement lenders ’ ability to estimate loan default propensity, which should, in turn, ease the problem of inaccessibility to finance.
E-cigarette Product Use, or Vaping, Among Persons with Associated Lung Injury — Illinois and Wisconsin, April–September 2019

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In July 2019, the Illinois Department of Public Health and the Wisconsin Department of Health Services launched a coordinated epidemiologic investigation after receiving reports of several cases of lung injury in previously healthy persons who reported electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, or vaping (1). This report describes features of e-cigarette product use by patients in Illinois and Wisconsin. Detailed patient interviews were conducted by telephone, in person, or via the Internet with 86 (68%) of 127 patients. Overall, 75 (87%) of 86 interviewed patients reported using e-cigarette products containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and 61 (71%) reported using nicotine-containing products. Numerous products and brand names were identified by patients. Nearly all (96%) THC-containing products reported were packaged, prefilled cartridges, and 89% were primarily acquired from informal sources (e.g., friends, family members, illicit dealers, or off the street). In contrast, 77% of nicotine-containing products were sold as prefilled cartridges, and 83% were obtained from commercial vendors. The precise source of this outbreak is currently unknown (2); however, the predominant use of prefilled THC-containing cartridges among patients with lung injury associated with e-cigarette use suggests that they play an important role. While this investigation is ongoing, CDC recommends that persons consider refraining from using e-cigarette, or vaping, products, particularly those containing THC. Given the diversity of products reported and frequency of patients using both THC- and nicotine-containing e-cigarette products, additional methods such as product testing and traceback could help identify the specific cause of this outbreak.
Introduction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Ukrainians fleeing the war are mostly women and children, today present all over Europe. Together with bodies fatigued by the journey and hardships, they bring with them biographies, at times dramatic, plans pulverised by bombs, nostalgia and torn bonds, but also inner worlds and human qualities containing surprises, preciousness and boundless possibilities. \nThis book is about encounters and welcome, stories of people fleeing and people opening the creaking doors of their homes. It proposes a plural and interdisciplinary journey into the complexity of migration caused by the war in Ukraine, combining scientific rigour with a language that can also be used by non-experts, interweaving theories and research with the living words of the people involved. \nThe common thread linking the various contributions collected in this volume is precisely the attention on people: migrants, families, and reception professionals, but also citizens in arrival contexts and those in war contexts. Only people, in their daily interactions, can promote a culture of peace, helping to prevent the devastating consequences of hatred and war.
[Inapparent persistent chlamydial infection in McCoy cells].

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

We have studied the phenomena of inapparent chlamydial infections in vitro using McCoy cells in culture as hosts and low doses of Chlamydia psittaci (GP-IC) as infecting agents. The results indicate that GP-IC can persist undetected at least 220 hrs in McCoy cells previously inoculated with 0.2 mL of a GP-IC preparation containing 30 ifu/mL, using the centrifuge-assisted inoculation technique. These cells were maintained in complete MEM medium supplemented with 2% v/v of foetal bovin serum (FBS). These inapparent chlamydial infections did not follow active infections (detectable chlamydial multiplication); however, they could be induced to active infections (formation of intracytoplasmic inclusions) by transfering the infected McCoy cells in complete MEM medium supplemented with 5% v/v of FBS and 1 microgram/mL of cycloheximide. Transfer of these cells in complete MEM medium supplemented with 5% v/v of FBS but without cycloheximide did not induce active infections indicating that nutritional competition was not implicated in these inapparent chlamydial infections since that medium usually support chlamydial multiplication.
New records of rare insects in western Transbaikalia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Marumba gaschkewitschii Bremer et Grey, 1852 (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) is found in western Transbaikalia for the first time. Populations of the following rare insects previously known in the region from solitary specimens are found and described: Niphanda fusca Bremer et Grey, 1853, Plebejidea cyane Eversmann, 1837 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae), and Mantispa lobata Navás, 1912 (Neuroptera, Mantispidae). These populations are associated with climatic and microclimatic conditions of dense shrubs with almond trees.
Design of Adaptive Training Control in Dispatcher Training Simulators

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the expansion of power systems and the development of smart grids, power system operations become increasingly complex and critical, calling for skilled and experienced dispatchers. The dispatcher training simulator (DTS) has been widely used as an effective training tool for decades, providing a realistic simulation of the dispatching environment. Efforts have been made to improve the simulation of DTS, while there is a research gap in improving the training module of DTS. Currently, DTS does not consider trainees' learning states and preferences, and therefore cannot provide customized training services for different trainees, limiting its training effectiveness. Referring to learning analytics and adaptive learning systems, this paper investigates the training process control of DTS based on trainees' learning states. A data-driven adaptive training control framework is proposed, including three stages: learning state monitoring, learning state assessment, and learning process control. The presented adaptive training control framework allows the DTS system to provide personalized and targeted training services to dispatcher trainees, promoting the intelligence and automation of the DTS system.
Current Treatment of Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Injuries

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

서론 삼각섬유연골 복합체(triangular fibrocartilage complex, TFCC)는 정상 원위 요척관절 안정성을 유지하며, 척골과 수 근골 사이에 위치해 충격 완화작용을 한다.이 두 가지 작용에 문제가 발생하면 수근부 척측의 통증을 야기할 수 있다.우선 삼각섬유연골 복합체를 포함한 원위 요척관절의 손상 은 탈구나 골절을 동반하기도 하고, 주로 손이 신전된 상태로 땅을 짚으며 발생한다.다른 원인으로는 갑작스런 손목의 비 틀림으로도 발생한다