jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A green and efficient strategy facilitates continuous solar-induced steam generation based on tea-assisted synthesis of gold nanoflowers

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Developing a highly efficient system for solar steam generation (SSG) using a straightforward and eco-friendly method to harvest freshwater is fascinating but challenging. Here, we stir the mixture of brewed tea and HAuCl4 to prepare Au nanoflowers, possessing broad wavelength light absorption and excellent photothermal effects. After freeze-drying the mixture of Au nanoflowers, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and aqueous polyurethane (PU) emulsion, we obtain three-dimensional (3D) porous structures (CNC-PU-Au) for SSG. The whole process does not involve any sophisticated procedure or produce detrimental by-products. The evaporation rates are 2.24 kg·m−2·h−1 for pure water and 2.18 kg·m−2·h−1 for seawater using CNC-PU-Au under one sun. The solar energy conversion efficiency is up to 90.92% under one sun illumination. Besides, CNC-PU-Au shows self-driven salt resistance and durability. In outdoors application for seawater desalination, the maximum evaporation rate can maintain at 2.19 kg·m−2·h−1 in spring and 3.42 kg·m−2·h−1 in summer. These unique features promise the utility of CNC-PU-Au in the ecofriendly water treatment industry. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
An intelligent and automatic fault detection &#x00026; classification in semiconductor photolithography process

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To improve yield rate and decrease production cost, wafer fabrication factory puts emphasis on the method of its process control and analysis. In recent years, many semiconductor foundries have invested a large sum of capital in Advanced Process Control (APC). In the field of APC, the induction and development of Fault Detection & Classification (FDC) is definitely one of the important parts. FDC can rapidly detect abnormal situation of operation machine, so as to improve the yield rate. This research developed an FDC system consisting of fuzzy inference system and decision tree to monitor and analyze heating curve of soft bake in photolithography process. Characteristics of heating curves are extracted to establish the fuzzy inference system. The classification and regression trees (CART) is then utilized to classify possible anomalistic heating curves. Experiment results showed that all the 42 anomalistic curves from testing samples could be successfully identified by the system. Only 13 curves out of the 368 normal curves are incorrectly identified as anomalistic heating curves. The resultant anomalistic heating curves can then be classified into different types with the presented system.
The Aluffi Algebra of a hypersurface with isolated singularity

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The Aluffi algebra is algebraic definition of characteristic cycles of a hypersurface in intersection theory. In this paper we focus on the Aluffi algebra of quasi-homogeneous and locally Eulerian hypersurface with isolated singularities. We prove that the Jacobian ideal of an affine hypersurfac with isolated singularities is of linear type if and only if it is locally Eulerian. We show that the gradient ideal of a projective hypersurface is of linear type if and only if the corresponding affine curve in the affine chart associated to singular points is locally Eulerian. We prove that the gradient ideal of the Nodal and Cuspidal projective plane curves are of linear type.
New spider species of Coelotinae (Araneae, Amaurobiidae) from northern Thailand IV

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two new species of Coelotinae, Draconarius suttisani sp. n. and D. promontorioides sp. n., are described and illustrated from material collected in northern Thailand. Draconarius suttisani sp. n. belongs to the venustus-group. Draconarius promontorioides sp. n. belongs to the lutulentus-group.
Supplementary Figure Legend and Tables 1 - 2 from Molecular Dissection of AKT Activation in Lung Cancer Cell Lines

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>PDF file - 103K, Supplemental Table 1. Cell lines assessed for persistent AKT-S473 phosphorylation in the absence of serum. Supplemental Table 2. Tyrosine kinase phosphorylation profiling.</p>
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Difluoroalkylation of (Hetero)Arylborons with Unactivated 1‐Bromo‐1,1‐difluoroalkanes.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In the Ni‐catalyzed cross‐coupling between (hetero)arylborons and unactivated bromodifluoroalkanes the combination of a bidentate bipyridine‐based ligand, and a monodentate pyridine‐based ligand provides an efficient catalytic system to prepare difluoroalkylated arenes.
Pseudopregnancy and reproductive cycle synchronisation cannot be induced using conventional methods in the spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The menstruating spiny mouse is the first rodent identified to exhibit natural spontaneous decidualisation, cyclical endometrial shedding and regeneration. While the spiny mouse shares several primate-like characteristics in its reproductive biology, it has not been established whether pseudopregnancy can be induced or if its cycles can be synchronised as in non-human mammals. Here we describe attempts to induce pseudopregnancy and synchronisation of menstrual cycles (i.e. Whitten effect) in spiny mice. Virgin females (n = 3–8 per group) underwent one of the following procedures to induce pseudopregnancy: daily vaginal lavage only (control), progesterone injection, mechanical stimulation of the cervix and sterile mating. A separate cohort was also exposed to male-soiled bedding to assess the Whitten effect. Pseudopregnancy was deemed successful if females presented with extended (&gt;12 consecutive days) leukocytic vaginal cytology. No female from any method of induction met this criterion. In addition, the menstrual cycles of a group of six females could not be synchronised, nor immediate ovulation induced via exposure to male-soiled bedding. These responses indicate that the spiny mouse does not behave as a typical rodent. Like higher-order primates, the spiny mouse exhibits a relatively rare reproductive strategy, of failure to show pseudopregnancy or cyclical synchronisation. This is further endorsement of the use of this species as a versatile animal model for translational studies of menstruation and fertility.
Assessment of micro-vibrations effect on the quality of remote sensing satellites images

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Recently, there is a growing interest in analysing the degrading effect of satellite micro-vibrations due to the rapid growth in satellite technologies and the urgent need to precisely extract a huge amount of information from satellite images. Different kinds of micro-vibration have a notable effect on the quality of satellite images. The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate and analyse the effect of all types of micro-vibration on the quality of images acquired by high-resolution satellites. An algorithm to simulate micro-vibrations is proposed. A very high-resolution satellite image from the Pleiades-neo satellite is selected as an example to be used in addressing the degrading effects of micro-vibrations. In this paper, the modulation transfer function (MTF) is used as a major function to model the degradation that has been conducted. Also, several quality metrics are used to quantitatively assess the degradation. The key result of this paper is the significant effect of micro-vibrations on the quality of remote sensing satellite images which is attributed to the main influential parameters. These parameters like blur diameter, vibration displacement, number of Time Delay and Integration (TDI) stages of the camera, and the ratio of the integration time to the vibration period.
An Empirical Study on the Effectiveness and Configuration of Multimodal College English Listening Teaching System

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Based on the theories of the multimodal pedagogy, this article focuses on the evaluation of the teaching effectiveness of multimodal college English listening teaching and the configuration principle of its multimodal system. Considering the lack of empirical research on multimodal college English listening teaching in China, the research applies empirical study to compare the differences between the experimental group and the control group to find out the effectiveness of the multimodal college English listening teaching. After the one-year experiment, the subjects of experimental group and control group, who were basically similar in their English achievement and English listening ability before the experiment, manifest significant differences in both English test and English listening test. Superior characteristics are reflected by the experimental group received multimodal college English listening teaching in two test points compared with the control group, which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the multimodal college English listening teaching system. Besides, the following interviews on the subject of the experimental group, combined with the multimodal pedagogy theories, provide the possible configuration to ensure an effective, dynamic and three-dimensional multimodal college English listening teaching system.
DIAMETER OF CORPORA CAVERNOSA, CORPORA SPONGIOSA AND CAVERNOSA ARTERY IN PATIENTS WITH ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION USING GRAYSCALE ULTRASONOGRAPHY ON FLACCID PHASE AT DR. SUTOMO REGIONAL PUBLIC HOSPITAL, SURABAYA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background : Erectile dysfunction is a condition in men that often has a negative impact on quality of life. Penile grayscale ultrasonography in the flaccid phase is a non-invasive imaging modality to evaluate anatomy of the right and left corpora cavernosa, cavernosa artery, and corpora spongiosa of the penis. Objective : To determine the profile of penile structure in patients with erectile dysfunction evaluated using a gray scale ultrasonography in the flaccid phase. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study in male patients (aged 30-65 years) with erectile dysfunction who underwent an ultrasonography examination at the Radiology Department of Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya in December 2019 to June 2020. The degree of erectile dysfunction is based on the value of International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5). Penile ultrasonography was performed during the flaccid phase, cavernous artery diameter was measured, diameter of the right and left corpora cavernosa and corpora spongiosa were measured at the base of the penis. Results: 30 patients with erectile dysfunction, 11 (36%) mild patients, 8 (27%) mild-moderate patients, 8 (27%) moderate grade patients, and 3 (10%) severe patients. Mean diameter of cavernous artery, corpora cavernosa, corpora spongiosa of erectile dysfunction patients measured in the flaccid phase was 0.062 cm, 1.0 cm, and 0.9 cm, respectively. Conclusion: Penile grayscale ultrasonography in the flaccid phase can be used to measure the diameter, where the more severe degree of erectile dysfunction, diameter of corpora cavernosa, corpora spongiosa, and cavernosa artery became smaller.
MyoD converts primary dermal fibroblasts, chondroblasts, smooth muscle, and retinal pigmented epithelial cells into striated mononucleated myoblasts and multinucleated myotubes.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Shortly after their birth, postmitotic mononucleated myoblasts in myotomes, limb buds, and conventional muscle cultures elongate and assemble a cohort of myofibrillar proteins into definitively striated myofibrils. MyoD induces a number of immortalized and/or transformed nonmuscle cells to express desmin and several myofibrillar proteins and to fuse into myosacs. We now report that MyoD converts normal dermal fibroblasts, chondroblasts, gizzard smooth muscle, and pigmented retinal epithelial cells into elongated postmitotic mononucleated striated myoblasts. The sarcomeric localization of antibodies to desmin, alpha-actinin, titin, troponin-I, alpha-actin, myosin heavy chain, and myomesin in these converted myoblasts are indistinguishable from in vivo and in vitro normal myoblasts. Converted myoblasts fuse into typical anisodiametric multinucleated myotubes that often contract spontaneously. Conversion and subsequent expression of the skeletal myogenic program are autonomous events, occurring in four nonmuscle microenvironments consisting of different combinations of foreign extracellular matrix molecules. Early events associated with conversion by MyoD involve (i) withdrawal from the cell cycle, (ii) down-regulation of the subverted cell's ongoing differentiation program, and (iii) initiation of desmin synthesis in presumptive myoblasts and dramatic redistribution of microtubules and desmin intermediate filaments in postmitotic myoblasts.
The Dynamics of a Procedural Norm from the Romanian Regulation intended to Ensure the Primacy of European Law

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Romanian Civil Procedure Code regulated the review as an extraordinary appeal, which can be submitted, as a rule, against a substantive solution, which must be reformed because it did not consider certain circumstances unknown at the time of the judgment, decisive for the opposite solution or, because new elements have appeared that reveal the incorrectness of the contested court decision. Among the review cases, the code did not also cover the hypothesis of the Court's violation of European law, such a case being foreseen on Romania's entry into the European Union in the administrative litigation law, which underwent a series of transformations over time, including the repeal, to currently represent a valuable basis for ensuring the correct application of the European norm. This study aims to identify the shortcomings of the national regulation, first of all, given that the legal regime of this revision, for the violation of European law, is somewhat uncertain, despite some clarifications brought by the Supreme Court in a binding decision, and is characterised by a short term, which may limit the adequate verification of the correct application of the supranational rule in the procedure in which the decision whose review is requested was pronounced. Research into the jurisprudence in this matter demonstrates that the courts analyse the case on its merits, strictly by reference to the interpretive jurisprudence existing at the time of the supranational Court, any subsequent solution not being able to be used for revising the judgment pronounced in violation of European law. Also, given the lack of regulation of this review case in common law or matters other than the above, it becomes obvious the impossibility of reforming a judgment pronounced in these cases in violation of European norms; the state is required to recognise other procedures for those interested in restoring the violated balance in legal relations that pertain to European law. Keywords: Civil procedure, application of European law, review of court decision, legal regime, jurisprudence, limitations, solutions
Resistance Mechanisms of Peltophorum dubium (Sprengel) Taubert Submitted to Flood Conditions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Peltophorum dubium (Sprengel) Taubert seedlings were submitted to 60 days of flooding, with and without Ca+. During this period, growth, root anatomy and chlorophyll content were analyzed. The relative growth rates (RGR) of roots and shoots were higher in non-flooded plants. The flooded treatments, with and without Ca+, have affected the roots growth but did not affect the shoot and the stem diameter. The anatomy analysis showed thickening of the sclerenchyma in 15 and 60 days in the flooded treatments with and without Ca+, and the vessel diameter was smaller at 45 days. The chlorophyll content differed, however it was not statistically significant. The results indicate that Peltophorum dubium as candidate specie for reforestation in areas subjected to continuous flooding for up to 60 days, since no mortality was observed.
Molecular electronics: Some views on transport junctions and beyond

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The field of molecular electronics comprises a fundamental set of issues concerning the electronic response of molecules as parts of a mesoscopic structure and a technology-facing area of science. We will overview some important aspects of these subfields. The most advanced ideas in the field involve the use of molecules as individual logic or memory units and are broadly based on using the quantum state space of the molecule. Current work in molecular electronics usually addresses molecular junction transport, where the molecule acts as a barrier for incoming electrons: This is the fundamental Landauer idea of “conduction as scattering” generalized to molecular junction structures. Another point of view in terms of superexchange as a guiding mechanism for coherent electron transfer through the molecular bridge is discussed. Molecules generally exhibit relatively strong vibronic coupling. The last section of this overview focuses on vibronic effects, including inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy, hysteresis in junction charge transport, and negative differential resistance in molecular transport junctions.
Statistical Errors, Faulty Conclusions, Misguided Policy: Reply to Weitzman

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

L'A. examine de facon critique les analyses formulees par L. J. Weitzmann concernant les consequences economiques du divorce aux Etats-Unis. Il reconnait avec Weitzmann que les femmes sont plus affectees, sur ce plan, que les hommes. Il estime toutefois que ses analyses statistiques sont erronees. Il affirme que la mise en place du divorce par consentement mutuel n'est en rien responsable des differences observees. Il met en garde contre l'exploitation politique des travaux de Weitzmann
Comparative analysis of quantitative bidding methods using agent-based modelling

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Competitive bidding is the main mechanism for the allocation and price determination of construction services in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction industry. Quantitative bidding methods have received considerable attention in the literature. The validity and reliability of these methods (particularly Freidman and Gates) have been explored using mathematical and statistical analysis. This study aims to compare and examine the characteristics of major quantitative bidding methods under different market scenarios using an agent-based approach as a computational laboratory. The results indicate that using the Friedman model can result in obtaining higher market share and working capital whereas using the Gates model can result in gaining higher profitability in the long run. Finally, the simulation model is verified by breaking down the model into several computation steps and validated using sensitivity analysis, robustness analysis, and structural validation.
Hospitalization of Pediatric Patients with Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer in Brazil’s National Health System from 2008 to 2023

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Pediatric cancer patients often need inpatient admissions due to treatment or complications, but this variable was notsystematically evaluated in Brazil’s public health services. Objective: To evaluate inpatient admissions of children and adolescents withoral and pharyngeal cancer in the Brazilian public healthcare system. Method: Population-based approach study from 2008 to 2023 of the annual hospitalizations recovered and normalized per 1,000,000 inhabitants aged 0-19 years (person-year incidence), in addition to the annual deaths, hospital mortality (%), length of hospital stay (days), costs (R$), and conditions (elective or urgent). The significance level was adjusted to 5%, according to Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression models. Results: From 2008 to 2023, 24,662 inpatient admissions were approved, 50.5% of which classified as urgent. The incidence was 395 per 1,000,000 0-19 aged children. During this period, 626 deaths were reported, representing 2.5% of all hospitalizations. Moreover, the mean length of stay was 5.8 days and the mean cost was R$ 1,526.87. There was a decreasing time trend in the incidence of hospitalizations of children and adolescents (both p < 0.001). The incidence and hospital mortality were significantly lower among children and adolescents compared to other age groups (all p < 0.001). Conclusion: Over the last 16 years, an important number of inpatient admissions of children and adolescents with oral and pharyngeal cancer in the Brazilian public healthcare system was recorded, revealing specific patterns of hospital morbidity.
Beyond colonoscopy: Physical activity as a viable adjunct to prevent colorectal cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer with an increasing incidence worldwide. The implementation of a mass screening program has been proven effective in reducing the global burden of CRC, but its effectiveness is not ideal and some metabolic derangements and lifestyle factors were reported to be attributable for such a deficit. Implementing positive lifestyle intervention as primary prevention therefore becomes critical because colorectal carcinogenesis can be promoted by several lifestyle factors, such as a lack of physical activity. Herein, we review the current evidence on the association and possible mechanisms between physical activity and CRC carcinogenesis. In addition, since CRC prevention heavily relies on resection of precancerous polyps and subsequent surveillance by colonoscopy, this review will also explore the impact of physical activity on populations with different colorectal polyp risks and its potential adjunct role in altering surveillance outcomes.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan Keterampilan Futsal Terbaik Menggunakan Technique For Others Reference By Similarity To Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) (Studi Kasus Always Futsal Academy).

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Penentuan keterampilan futsal terbaik bisa digunakan untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh perkembangan murid selama berlatih. Terdapat beberapa permasalahan pada Always Futsal Academy antara lain dalam proses penilaian pelatih masih menggunakan intuisi, hal itu mengindikasikan ketidakadilan dalam penilaian. Selain itu belum ada report yang dihasilkan, melainkan hanya catatan pelatih saja. Maka dari itu dibutuhkanya suatu sistem pendukung keputusan yang mampu memproses penilaian sekaligus menentukan keterampilan futsal terbaik. Dalam membantu proses penilaian dan menentukan keterampilan futsal terbaik, penulis memilih metode technique for others reference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), selain itu terdapat beberapa proses yang dilakukan antara lain menentukan matriks, matriks ternormalisasi, matriks ternormalisasi terbobot, solusi ideal positif dan negatif dengan jarak euclidian dan menentukan kedekatan relatif. Kemudian sistem akan merekomendasikan hasil penilaian setiap alternatif yang dihitung berdasarkan kriteria yaitu passing, shooting, dribbling stamina dan sprint untuk menentukan keterampilan futsal terbaik, sehingga dengan adanya sistem hasil penilaian yang didapat lebih cepat dan lebih baik dari penilaian pelatih. Kata kunci: sistem pendukung keputusan, keterampilan futsal, technique for others reference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS)