jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The effects of variations in genomic modules on breast cancer phenotype

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The primary aim of this study is to present how expression heterogeneity is reflected in biological processes. We hypothesize that loss of normal regulatory mechanism is related with changed characteristics of a genomic module, which emerges its own phenotypes as a whole. In breast cancer, receptor status is related to degree of cancer variations. In this regard, comparing expression data according to receptor status is a valuable process to prove the hypothesis. For this reason, we investigated differences of genomic modules according to the receptor status. As a result, 4 and 3 genomic modules, which represent distinct biological processes, were obtained from estrogen receptor (ER)-/ progesterone receptor (PR)-positive double positive (DP) and ER-/PR-negative double negative (DN) breast cancer groups, respectively. Comparing the genomic modules between the groups, we found that there were differences of functional roles, which were mainly caused by DP-exclusive genes. The DP-exclusive genes showed variable expressions in the DN group but not in the DP group, and these expression heterogeneities in the DN group reflected transition of the genomic modules to have more malignant properties than in the DP group. In addition, the DP-exclusive genes themselves have a higher possibility to be involved in oncogenic processes in the DN group. In conclusion, this study suggests that expression heterogeneity of the DP-exclusive genes is not a result of deregulation, but a process that drives emergence of novel traits.
Modelling the perceptual identification of Japanese consonants from LPC cepstral distances

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This study attempts to account for the perceptual phenomenon observed in Komatsu et al. [1] in terms of the spectral properties of the LPC re-synthesised stimuli. To implement this, LPC cepstral distances between re-synthesised samples and their original samples are measured. The results of the acoustic analysis and their comparison with the perceptual data indicate that there is a striking similarity in patterns between the spectral property of the Japanese consonants and their perceptual scores. This suggests that the role played by spectral information in the perception of Japanese consonants is significant across all consonant types, and also implies that even in its crudest form, it contributes significantly to their perception.
GC-MS-DC analysis of the chemical components of Origanum vulgare L.extracted by petroleum ether

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The chemical components of Origanum vulgare L. extracted from petroleum ether have been investigated using capillary GC-MS-DC .56 constituents are identified from 65 separated peaks under the optimum and analyzing conditions. The major chemical components are carvacr ol (34.26%) ,thymol (16.00%), (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-oc tadecatrienoic acid methyl ester (4.82%),squalane (4.36%), 7,10,13-he xadecatrienoic acid methyl ester (3.46%), N-butylpyrrole (3.29%) , (Z,Z)-9,12-oct adecadienoic acid methyl este r(1.96%) , α-t erpineol (1.96%),methyl palmitate (1.90%), o-buthyl phthalate(1.66%), ocimene (1.13%), respectively.
ISOLATION OF BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS TYPE TWO IN SENSITIVE CELL CULTURES

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

ISOLATION OF BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS TYPE TWO IN SENSITIVE CELL CULTURES Roman Bubyakin Postgraduate, Federal Centre for Animal Health, Russia, Vladimir, Yur’evets Svetlana Kononova PhD, Federal Centre for Animal Health,
On optimal broadcasting scheme for popular video service

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In order to approach a video-on-demand (VOD) service, we can allocate more bandwidth to broadcast a popular video more frequently to reduce viewers' waiting time. Using a broadcasting scheme to support a popular video periodically, in order to guarantee a given waiting time, the harmonic broadcasting scheme needs the least bandwidth in the existing schemes. In this paper, we show that using any broadcasting scheme, the minimum bandwidth requirement for the same waiting time is the same as the harmonic broadcasting scheme. Therefore, for a popular video, in order to approach a near VOD service, the harmonic broadcasting scheme is an optimal broadcasting scheme that needs the least bandwidth for a given viewers' waiting time.
Analysis of Asymmetric Price Transmission between Wholesale and Retail Prices of Tangerine

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to investigate asymmetric price transmission(APT) between wholesale and retail prices of tangerine considering structural changes from 2003 to 2021 in Korea. The APT test results show that asymmetry appeared in the tangerine market, but the test results are different depending on hypothesis types and periods. These results suggest that the tangerine market is not perfectly competitive and that the types of APT changed during the sample period.
Analysis and Modeling of Campus Electric Water Heater Energy Consumption

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The popularity of higher education in China has significantly increased campus energy consumption. The main energy consumption is students’ use of electric water heaters (EWH)to heat household water on campuses. Analyzing and modeling students’ hot water use behavior will greatly help the research of campus water-saving and energy-saving strategies. Based on the measured data of a university in China, this study investigated the variation of students’ hot water use behavior varies by season, day of the week, time of year, and built a shower model. This study aims to determine the optimal heating strategy by using the CPLEX solver and considering the hot water supply mode of central heating distributed to each dormitory. This strategy increases consumer comfort while lowering electricity purchasing expenses for service providers.
Temperature and Light Dependence of Photosynthetic Activities in Wheat Seedlings Grown in the Presence of DCMU [3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1-Dimethylurea]

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Photosynthetic electron transfer was studied in thylakoids isolated from control and DCMU-grown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. When exposed to high temperature (HT) and high iradiance (HI), thylakoids showed large variations in the photosynthetic electron transport activities and thylakoid membrane proteins. A drastic reduction in the rate of whole electron transport chain (H2O → MV) was envisaged in control thylakoids when exposed to HT and HI. Such reduction was mainly due to the loss of photosystem 2, PS2 (H2O → DCBQ) activity. The thylakoids isolated from seedlings grown in the presence of DCMU showed greater resistance to HT and HI treatment. The artificial exogenous electron donors MnCl2, DPC, and NH2OH failed to restore the HI induced loss of PS2 activity in both control and DCMU thylakoids. In contrast, addition of DPC and NH2OH significantly restored the HT induced loss of PS2 activity in control thylakoids and partially in DCMU thylakoids. Similar results were obtained when Fv/Fm was evaluated by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements. The marked loss of PS2 activity in control thylakoids was evidently due to the loss of 33, 23, and 17 kDa extrinsic polypeptides and 28-25 kDa LHCP polypeptides.
Effect of diet type and added copper on growth performance, carcass characteristics, energy digestibility, gut morphology, and mucosal mRNA expression of finishing pigs

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A total of 757 pigs (PIC 337 × 1050; initially 27.6 kg BW) were used in a 117-d experiment to determine the effects of added Cu from tribasic copper chloride and diet type on growth performance, carcass characteristics, energy digestibility, gut morphology, and mucosal mRNA expression of finishing pigs. Pens of pigs were allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments, balanced on average pen weight in a randomized complete block design with 26 to 28 pigs per pen and 7 replications per treatment. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial with main effects of diet type, a corn-soybean meal-based diet (corn-soy) or a high by-product diet (by-product) with 30% distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and 15% bakery meal, and added Cu (0 or 150 mg/kg added Cu). There were no Cu × diet type interactions for growth performance. Overall, neither added Cu nor diet type influenced growth performance. However, caloric efficiency was decreased (P = 0.001) for pigs fed the by-product diet compared to the corn-soy diet. Pigs fed the by-product diet had decreased (P < 0.05) carcass yield and carcass G:F) and marginally decreased (P < 0.07) HCW and carcass ADG compared to pigs fed the corn-soy diet. A Cu × diet type interaction (P < 0.05) existed for DM and GE digestibility during the early finishing period as added Cu improved (P < 0.05) digestibility of DM and GE in the corn-soy diet, but not in the by-product diet. During the late finishing period, added Cu marginally increased (P = 0.060) DM and GE digestibility while pigs fed the by-product diet had decreased DM and GE digestibility (P = 0.001) compared to those fed the corn-soy diet. For gut morphology, pigs fed added Cu had decreased crypt depth (P = 0.017) in the distal small intestine compared to those fed no added Cu. Furthermore, relative mRNA expression of intestinal fatty acid binding protein (iFABP) was decreased (P = 0.032) in pigs fed added Cu compared to those fed no added Cu. In summary, adding 150 mg/kg added Cu or including 30% DDGS and 15% bakery meal into a corn-soy diet did not influence growth performance. However, HCW ADG and HCW G:F were reduced in pigs fed the by-product diet compared to the corn-soy diet. Only minor differences in gut morphology or mRNA expression were observed from feeding diets with high levels of Cu or by-products compared to a corn-soy diet.
An Explicative and Predictive Study of Employee Attrition Using Tree-based Models

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We develop tree-based models to estimate the probability of an employee leaving a firm during a job transition from a dataset of anonymously submitted resumes through Glassdoor’s online portal. Dataset construction and summary statistics are first summarized followed by a more in depth examination through four exploratory studies. Insights provided by these studies are then used to engineer features that serve as input into subsequent attrition related predictive models. We finally perform a thorough search through several dozen binary classification techniques in the cases of an original and extended feature set. We find tree-based methods including random forests and light gradient boosted trees provide the overall strongest predictive performance. Finally, we summarize ROC curves for several such models and describe future potential research directions.
Spiritual Education: Literary, Empirical and Pedagogical Approaches

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Contents: Introduction by Cathy Ota and Clive Erricker Spirituality and Religiosity in Catholic and Coptic Orthodox Schools: Implications for Religious School Communities And What Do the Children Say? Children's Responses to Books About Spiritual Matters North American Indian Spirituality in the World of Western Children: Neo-Colonialism in a Post-Colonial Society Issues of Identity for 'Asian' Girls in Britain Why Religious Teaching Goes Wrong: Grace and Play as the Basis of Spiritual Experience Spirituality in Young Adolescents: Thinking Developmentally The Spiritual and the Fantastical - George MacDonald's Wise Woman Faith and Social Intimacy: Learning for Life How Metaphors Structure Our Spiritual Understanding The Chinese Approach to Learning: Chinese Calligraphy Encountering Tradition in a Postmodern Context Reading and Responding to Biblical Texts: Aesthetic Distance and the Spiritual Journey The Spiritual Dimension of the Curriculum: What are school inspectors looking for and how can we help them find it? Teachers' Values and Spiritualities: From Private to Public Faith Education of Children in the Context of Adult Migration and Conversion: The Discontinuities of Tradition Metaphors of Spiritual Education: Fight and Blessing The Contributors Index.
The Editor 'The British Journal of Dermatology'. Dracontiasis in Greenock

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article The Editor ‘The British Journal of Dermatology’. Dracontiasis in Greenock Get access M. Ganpule, M. Ganpule Victoria Infirmary's Glasgow, S.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Susskind W. Susskind Victoria Infirmary's Glasgow, S.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 79, Issue 10, 1 October 1967, Pages 566–568, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1967.tb11414.x Published: 01 October 1967
Applications of capsaicin in food industry: functionality, utilization and stabilization

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

As a bioactive component in Capsicum species, capsaicin is a compound of hot chili peppers which is known as the main substance responsible for the spiciness of these fruits. Besides its taste and physiological effects, it exhibits good antioxidant activity in food matrix and antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens and viruses. Considering its low stability and bioaccessibility, and also regarding its irritation, the entrapment methods of capsaicin are fully developed. To compensate the limitations of capsaicin, various encapsulation methods have been used so far, including coacervation, emulsion, spray chilling, and liposomal delivery. Capsaicin has been widely used as a flavoring and preservative agent in food formulations and even as an active compound in packaging film and functional foods. This review provides an overview of the techno-functional properties, stabilization procedures, and burgeoning usages of capsaicin in the latest studies of the food sector. So, it may introduce new windows for the application of this compound.
A potent dauer pheromone component in Caenorhabditis elegans that acts synergistically with other components

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans , the dauer pheromone is the primary cue for entry into the developmentally arrested, dauer larval stage. The dauer is specialized for survival under harsh environmental conditions and is considered “nonaging” because larvae that exit dauer have a normal life span. C. elegans constitutively secretes the dauer pheromone into its environment, enabling it to sense its population density. Several components of the dauer pheromone have been identified as derivatives of the dideoxy sugar ascarylose, but additional unidentified components of the dauer pheromone contribute to its activity. Here, we show that an ascaroside with a 3-hydroxypropionate side chain is a highly potent component of the dauer pheromone that acts synergistically with previously identified components. Furthermore, we show that the active dauer pheromone components that are produced by C. elegans vary depending on cultivation conditions. Identifying the active components of the dauer pheromone, the conditions under which they are produced, and their mechanisms of action will greatly extend our understanding of how chemosensory cues from the environment can influence such fundamental processes as development, metabolism, and aging in nematodes and in higher organisms.
Comparison of treatment protocols for bovine respiratory disease in high-risk, newly received beef calves

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

This research evaluated the effects of different antibiotic treatment protocols on performance, morbidity, antibiotic usage, and cost in high-risk, newly received beef calves. Crossbred male calves (n = 176; BW = 232 ± 1.6 kg) were stratified by BW and castration status and assigned randomly to 1 of 2 treatments in a randomized complete block design. Calves were administered either 2.5 mg/kg of BW of tulathromycin (TUL, Draxxin, Zoetis, Florham Park, NJ) with a 7-d post-metaphylactic treatment or 10 mg/kg of BW of tilmicosin (TIL, Micotil, Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN) with a 1-d post-metaphylactic treatment. Clinical attitude scores [0 (normal) to 4 (moribund)] were assigned daily to assess morbidity and when ≥ 1, and if rectal temperature exceeded 40°C, an antibiotic was administered per preplanned protocol. Calves that received TUL on d 0 received ceftiofur with a 7-d post-treatment interval, and those that received TIL received enrofloxacin with a 3-d post-treatment interval. A final antibiotic was administered to calves that were pulled a second time and met the treatment criteria. Percentage morbidity was greater for the first treatment, the second treatment, and relapse in TIL compared with TUL (P < 0.0001). Initial antibiotic cost was greater in calves administered TUL compared with TIL (P < 0.0001). Both first- and second-treatment antibiotic costs were greater in TIL compared with TUL (P ≤ 0.0003). However, there were no differences across treatments in overall antibiotic cost (P = 0.51), exclusive of labor or chute charges. Metaphylactic treatment protocols did not affect growth performance, but differences were found in the percentage of calves treated for clinical bovine respiratory disease and in number of antibiotics used.
Transforming three-way arrays to multiple orthonormality

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper is concerned with the question to what extent the concept of rowwise or columnwise orthonormality can he generalized to three-way arrays. Whereas transforming a three-way array to multiple orthogonality is immediate, transforming it to multiple orthonormality is far from straightforward. The present paper offers an iterative algorithm for such transformations, and gives a proof of monotonical convergence when only two modes are orthonormalized. Also, it is shown that a variety of three-way arrays do not permit double orthonormalization. This is due to the order of the arrays, and holds regardless of the particular elements of the array. Studying three-way orthonormality has proven useful in exploring the possibilities for simplifying the core, to guide the search for equivalent direct transformations to simplicity; see Murakami et al. (Psychometrika 1998; 63: 255-261) as an example. Also, it appears in various contexts of the mathematical study of three-way analysis. Copyright (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social Representations of a Controversial Peace Agreement: Subjective Public Meanings of the GRP-MILF MOA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Using social representations theory, we studied the social meanings of a controversial Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front. In Study One, we describe the discursive content of the social debate by content analyzing articles from newspapers and selected websites. Study Two uses a survey to examine the fit between social representations of the political elite, as found in media, and the non-elite in Mindanao territories where the MOA was hotly contested. Study Three presents the social representations of the MOA at the local level through analysis of key informant interviews and archival data. Discriminant analysis on survey data shows that in general, the debate of political elites in media mirrors the contentions on-the-ground. However, the issue of constitutionality was only taken up by the political elite. Our findings suggest that the political stumble of the GRP-MILF peace process lay in a lack of procedural fairness and an on-the-ground participatory process acceptable to all antagonistic parties. However, the socially represented fair procedure is not about conventional democratic ways like using or not using a constitutional frame, but rather about pragmatic positioning and public consultations.
Reproductive Function in Young Fathers and Grandfathers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

During the past decade, a number of studies have dealt with endocrine testicular function in older men, but information on seminal parameters in senescence has remained scanty. This fact prompted the present authors to initiate a study evaluating the exocrine and endocrine functions in older men. Twenty-three men participated in the study. Their ages ranged from 60 to 88 years, the mean being 67 ± 7.8 (SD) years. All had children and 22 of them had grandchildren. Twenty younger men, 24 to 37 years old (mean, 29.2 ± 3.2 years) served as a control group. Each of them had fathered at least one child. Figure 1 shows the sexual activity of both groups. Figures 2 to 6 illustrate the seminal parameters of the two groups. No differences were observed in ejaculate volume or sperm morphology between the young and the older men. Similarly, the fertilizing capacity of sperm as assessed by the HOP test did not differ between the groups, although sperm counts were higher and motility and fructose were lower in the older men. It was possible to demonstrate significant correlations between age and sperm motility in all subjects investigated (r = 0.4843; P < 0.001) and between sexual intercourse episodes per month and sperm motility (r = 0.4908; P < 0.01), as well as sperm density (r = 0.3998; P < 0.05). In the older group of men, it was not possible to determine any significant trend between age and any other parameter.
Physical Quality of Life among Military Health Care Workers in Downsizing Organization

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives: To investigate the quality of life (QOL) among health care workers in two downsizing military general hospitals in Taiwan and to explore the relationship between psychosocial factors, job loss, psychological morbidity and QOL in this work environments. Methods: A cross sectional survey including the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the Taiwan brief version of the WHOQOL Questionnaire were administered to 340 health care workers divided into job losers and job keepers. Results: The job losers had worse physical domain QOL scores than the job keepers (14.27 vs. 14.94, p=0.012). The hypnotic use history, life event and nurse category (p=0.006, 0.043. and <0.001 respectively) were positive associated with GHQ. Both total GHQ score (β=-0.39, p<=0.01) and age (β=0.26, p<=0.01) might associate with QOL. Conclusions: Physical domain of WHOQOL might be the most significant job related health impact to downsizing organization. Younger employees with psychological morbidities working in hospitals that are downsizing may be in need of attention to their quality of life
Rigidity in rank one: dynamics and geometry - lecture 1

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A dynamical system is called rigid if a weak form of equivalence with a nearby system, such as coincidence of some simple invariants, implies a strong form of equivalence. In this minicourse we will discuss smooth rigidity of hyperbolic dynamical systems and related geometric questions such as marked length spectrum rigidity of negatively curved manifolds. We will consider the following moduli: lengths of periodic orbits, spectra of Poincar\'e return maps of the periodic orbits, volume Lyapunov exponents. After a brief overview of some classical results we will focus on recent developments in rigidity of Anosov and partially hyperbolic systems as well as connections to geometric rigidity. The latter is based on joint work with B. Kalinin and V. Sadovskaya and with F. Rodriguez Hertz.