jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Fleet historical cases for predictive maintenance

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Large complex systems, such as power plants, ships and aircraft, are composed of multiple systems, subsystems and components. When they are considered as embedded in system operating as a fleet, it raises mission readiness and maintenance management issues. However, considering a fleet implies to provide managers and engineers with a relevant synthesis of information and keep it updated regarding both the global health of the fleet and the current status of their maintenance efforts. For achieving predictive maintenance at a fleet level, it is thus necessary to manage relevant corresponding knowledge arising both from modeling and monitoring of the fleet. In that way, this paper presents a knowledge structuring scheme for fleet predictive maintenance.
It's Trying Too Hard To Look Real: Deepfake Moderation Mistakes and Identity-Based Bias

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Online platforms employ manual human moderation to distinguish human-created social media profiles from deepfake-generated ones. Biased misclassification of real profiles as artificial can harm general users as well as specific identity groups; however, no work has yet systematically investigated such mistakes and biases. We conducted a user study (n=695) that investigates how 1) the identity of the profile, 2) whether the moderator shares that identity, and 3) components of a profile shown affect the perceived artificiality of the profile. We find statistically significant biases in people's moderation of LinkedIn profiles based on all three factors. Further, upon examining how moderators make decisions, we find they rely on mental models of AI and attackers, as well as typicality expectations (how they think the world works). The latter includes reliance on race/gender stereotypes. Based on our findings, we synthesize recommendations for the design of moderation interfaces, moderation teams, and security training.
S11-1 Occupational exposure to manganese and iron from welding fume in a united states cohort

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<sec><st>Objective</st> Welders are exposed via the inhalation route to respirable-sized (<4µm) metal fume particles, in particular the two main components of welding fume, manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe). Exposure to high levels of Mn and Fe have each been found to be associated with neurological dysfunction. In this study we investigated how the increased exposure to Mn and Fe in welding is reflected in toenail and brain levels of Mn and Fe in vivo. </sec> <sec><st>Methods</st> Our study on 30 typically exposed welders and 20 controls in the United States investigated the associations between occupational Mn and Fe exposure from respirable welding fume with magnetic resonance imaging (R1 and R2* mapping), indicative of brain Mn and Fe levels, and a biomarker (toenails). Multiple exposure measures including job tasks, cumulative airborne exposure based on personal respirable airborne concentrations, and metals concentrations determined in toenail samples were utilised to study the associations with regional brain Mn and Fe concentrations. </sec> <sec><st>Results</st> Welders were significantly more exposed to airborne respirable Mn and Fe than the control population (Mn: 0.11 vs. 0.007 mg/m3, P < 0.01; Fe: 1.05 vs. 0.11 mg/m3, P < 0.01). Welders were also found to have significantly elevated levels of Mn and Fe in their toenails as compared to controls (Mn: P < 0.01; Fe: P < 0.05). Significant deposition of Mn and Fe were found in several brain regions including globus pallidus (Mn & Fe: p < 0.01), substantia nigra (Fe: P < 0.05), and frontal cortex (P < 0.05). R2* was significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with cumulative exposure in the substantia nigra, whereas R1 was associated (p < 0.01) with exposure in motor cortex and basal ganglia regions </sec> <sec><st>Conclusions</st> Our findings suggest that typical U.S. welders are significantly exposed to Mn and Fe through welding fumes. Their exposure is associated with both increased deposition of Mn and Fe in toenails and the brain </sec>
Magnetisation transfer ratio abnormalities in primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: In relapse-onset multiple sclerosis (MS), tissue abnormality – as assessed with magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) imaging – is greater in the outer cortical and inner periventricular layers. The cause of this remains unknown but meningeal inflammation has been implicated, particularly lymphoid follicles, which are seen in secondary progressive (SP) but not primary progressive (PP) MS. Cortical and periventricular MTR gradients might, therefore, differ in PPMS and SPMS if these follicles are responsible. Objective: We assessed cortical and periventricular MTR gradients in PPMS, and compared gradients between people with PPMS and SPMS. Methods: Using an optimised processing pipeline, periventricular normal-appearing white matter and cortical grey-matter MTR gradients were compared between 51 healthy controls and 63 people with progressive MS (28 PPMS, 35 SPMS). Results: The periventricular gradient was significantly shallower in healthy controls (0.122 percentage units (pu)/band) compared to PPMS (0.952 pu/band, p < 0.0001) and SPMS (1.360 pu/band, p < 0.0001). The cortical gradient was also significantly shallower in healthy controls (−2.860 pu/band) compared to PPMS (−3.214 pu/band, p = 0.038) and SPMS (−3.328 pu/band, p = 0.016). Conclusion: Abnormal periventricular and cortical MTR gradients occur in both PPMS and SPMS, suggesting comparable underlying pathological processes.
Localized Protein Quantification of Blood Brain Barrier Vasculature in Brightfield IHC Images

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In this paper, we present an objective method for locally quantifying proteins in blood brain barrier (BBB) vasculature using standard immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques and bright-field microscopy. Images from the hippocampal region at the BBB are acquired using bright-field microscopy and subjected to our immunohistochemistry quantification (IQ) algorithm which is designed to automatically identify and segment microvessels containing the protein glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1). Gabor filtering and k-means clustering are employed to isolate potential vascular structures within cryopsectioned slabs of the hippocampus, which are subsequently subjected to feature extraction followed by classification via decision forest. The false positive rate (FPR) of microvessel classification is characterized using synthetic and non-synthetic IHC image data for image entropies ranging between 3 and 8 bits. The average FPR for synthetic and non-synthetic IHC image data was found to be 5.48% and 5.04%, respectively.
Applying the Problem-Based Learning Approach to Teach Elementary Circuit Analysis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Problem-based learning (PBL) is a motivating, problem-centered teaching method. The methodology and its application to education in elementary circuit analysis is discussed in detail. Because of administrative constraints, the implemented course does not strictly adhere to the PBL methodology in the sense that the course curriculum is strictly defined. Also, the PBL students take the same exam as the students in the traditional form of the course. The learning experience in the two course forms is compared via a questionnaire response and exam results. This comparison of the two groups seems to indicate that the PBL method is a better way of imparting education in circuit analysis, or even technology in general. The PBL students appear to grasp better the details and the overall picture of the issues taught. In addition to the subject matter, the PBL course students learn social skills through interaction in small groups, how to identify and define a problem, and how to look for and filter out relevant information. Presentation skills are also practiced
Corrigendum: Pleomorphovibrio marinus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea sediment

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
An in vitro comparison of hand and rotary instruments in preparing root canal system

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to compare hand stainless steel K-files and Nickel-titanium Profile 0.04 taper 29 series rotary instruments for their efficiency, procedural errors and time consumed in preparation of root canal system. Materials and Methods: A total of 46 maxillary and mandibular first premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were collected (two contralateral teeth from each individual). The samples were divided into two groups of 34 canals each. Teeth in the first group were prepared with stainless steel hand K-files while the second groups were prepared with profile 0.04 taper series 29 rotary files. Preparation period was recorded for both groups. Impression material was introduced to the prepared canals so that the replica of prepared canals was achieved. These were assessed under stereomicroscope to assess the efficiency in preparing canals in respect to canal smoothness, ability of impression material to flow and quality of taper. Results: Results showed significantly shorter preparation time for Profile than K-file. 8.8% of the canals prepared with K-files showed canal blockage, while all canals prepared with Profile remained patent. Alterations in working length working distance appeared in 23.5% of canals prepared with K-file and 11.7% in canals prepared with Profile. Failed instruments in K-files were significantly higher, mostly deformation (P<0.001). Profiles failed instruments were in the form of fracture and no deformation was detected. Both systems showed unsatisfactory walls smoothness and flow. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this in vitro study it was concluded that Profile 0.04 taper series 29 rotary systems prepare canals more rapidly, and showed lower incidences of fracture and blockages, and only limited loss of working length. Canal preparation with K-file was time consuming and showed higher incidence of deformed instruments that was probably due to low elasticity of the stainless steel metal that caused the file to permanently deform within the canal. Both systems showed unsatisfactory results for canal walls smoothness and flow, however, K-files showed better quality of canal taper. [Iranian Endodontic Journal 2010;5(4):167-73]
A comparative study of three methods using to fix insects for electrical penetration graph experiments

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Electrical penetration graph(EPG) is used to record the characteristics of electrical signal variation caused by sucking insects when their stylet pierces a host plant's tissues. This can establish the correlation between an insect's feeding behavior and EPG waveform types. In recent years, EPG has been widely used to study insect feeding behavior and virus transmission, and the mechanisms of host plants' resistance to sucking insects. During EPG experiments, the method using to fix insect subjects is a pivotal skill that can affect the connectivity between the insect and the EPG electrodes. The small brown planthopper(SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus(Fallen) was used as a test insect to study and compare three commonly used fixation techniques(i.e., the negative pressure, anesthetization, and freezing, methods). On the basis of the results, these fixation techniques were ranked, in descending order; negative pressure method, anesthetization, freezing methods.
Blue revolution in India: Status and future perspectives

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fisheries and aquaculture development in India witnessed impressive growth in recent years. The country is rich in aquatic genetic resources distributed from deep sea to the cold Himalayan rivers sharing about 10% of the global aquatic biodiversity. The capture fisheries production in the country has more or less stabilised but the growth in inland aquaculture has been tremendous during the past three decades. Freshwater aquaculture contributes to about 85-90% of the farmed fish. In 2018-19, India was the second largest producer of fish in the world with a total production of 13.4 million t comprising 3.7 million t from marine and 9.7 million t from inland sector. The technological advances enabled the country to significantly enhance production and productivity particularly in the fresh and brackishwater aquaculture sectors. Recent progress in cage culture in reservoirs and mariculture in the sea offer new avenues for aquaculture diversification and development. Major constraints in capture fisheries production are depleted stocks due to habitat degradation, overexploitation, poor governance, climate change, in addition to harvest and post-harvest losses. The key problems in culture fisheries include low average productivity due to low adoption of technology, disease prevalence, non-availability of quality seed and cost effective feed for desired species. Cutting edge translational research and technology upscaling and dissemination along with improved governance, fisher and farmer centric fisheries policy support and large scale capacity building in both aquaculture and marine fisheries sectors are the key strategies for achieving the targets of blue revolution in the country. This comprehensive review of the Indian fisheries and aquaculture provides latest information on resources, sectoral production, technology intervention and policy formulations along with recommendations as well as future perspectives.
Peptide-Based PET Imaging Differentiates Netrin-1 Expression in Tumors

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Neuroaxonal guidance factor-1 (Netrin-1) is a secreted glycoprotein overexpressed in cancer. It promotes tumor growth and metastasis and has demonstrated potential as a biomarker for tumor theranostics. In this study, we developed a novel Ga-68 labeled peptide radiotracer, termed [68Ga]Ga-DKP, to assess the expression of netrin-1 in tumors. The tracer exhibited high radiochemical purity (over 95%) and strong stability. In vitro cellular assays demonstrated that A549 and 4T1 cells exhibited stronger binding capabilities for the probe than those in A375 cells, as they expressed higher levels of netrin-1. Furthermore, a blocking assay in A549 cells confirmed the affinity and specificity of the probe for netrin-1. In vivo PET/CT imaging and biodistribution studies demonstrated rapid tumor uptake and tissue excretion. A549 and 4T1 tumor-bearing mice showed higher tumor-to-muscle ratios (9.70 ± 1.24 and 10.94 ± 3.44, respectively) at 2 h postinjection, which were approximately 3-fold higher than A375 tumors. In conclusion, [68Ga]Ga-DKP could be used to quantify netrin-1 levels, showing potential for clinical application.
School Shooting as an Extreme form of Deviant Behavior: Expert Evaluations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Such a phenomenon as school shooting, which entered the everyday life of society, frightened humanity with its cruelty and unpredictability, found a response in scientific community. The school shooting discourse is wide: from theoretical understandings (towards analysis of theories of anomie and deviance, stigmatization and criminology, the concepts of differential associative, communicative, axiological and existential approaches) to empirical justifications. They showed that this multifactorial destructive phenomenon is labile, its configuration changes along with the changing social reality, which significantly expands the research field. The study concerns the expert characteristics of this phenomenon. Authors have concluded that the most likely motive for violence in educational institutions is in most cases psychological trauma or school shooter’s disorders. Society’s reaction to school shooting is superficial and mainly reduced to appeals to limit Internet content. The root cause of tragic incidents of school shooting should be considered the deformation of value-motivational sphere of an individual in children and adolescents. The key channel for spread and rooting of destructive attitudes among young people is messengers, where teenagers and children are actively recruited. However, the main hazard lies in the fact that these virtual contacts and connections subsequently find their consolidation and materialization in real environment of educational institutions, where “cells” of destructive behavior are formed, capable of attracting more and more new participants into their orbit.
State regulation of the development of private education in Katerynoslav region in the first half of the ХІХth century

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article examines the state regulation of the activity of private educational institutions and its influence on the development of private education in Katerynoslav region in the first half of the nineteenth century. Particular attention is paid to considering the process of formation of the normative and legal base of private education. It describes the main provisions of the «Statute of educational institutions, subordinated to universities» dated November 5, 1804, «Statute of gymnasiums and schools of counties and parishes» dated December 8, 1828, «Regulations on private educational institutions» dated January 12, 1835, «Regulations on home tutors and teachers « dated 1834, which regulated the procedure for the opening of private educational institutions, organization of educational process in them, providing home education, etc. The dynamics of the development of private educational institutions in Katerynoslav region during the studied period is described. It is concluded that the normalization of the activities of private educational institutions contributed to the development of private, in particular, education for women in Katerynoslav region.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 can regulate myoendothelial junction formation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Myoendothelial junctions are cellular projections that form between the vascular smooth muscle cell and endothelial cell layers of the resistance vasculature by disruption of the internal elastic lamina. How and why these structures form is unknown, but given the location of the MEJ, it is likely that degradation of the internal elastic lamina is required. We have recently identified plasminogen activator inhibitor ‐1 (PAI‐1), a mediator of the fibrinolytic system, as being preferentially localized at the MEJ both in vivo and in vitro (see abstract by Heberlein, et al.). Using Metamorph software analysis on a vascular cell co‐culture model (Isakson et al., 2005), we show that inhibition of PAI‐1 activity using a monoclonal antibody (1000 ng/mL) has an approximate 20% increase in the number of MEJs formed, as identified by phalloidin labeling of actin. Conversely the addition of PAI‐1 (100 ng/mL) results in an approximate 20% decrease in number of MEJs formed. The formation of MEJs in response to PAI‐1 and PAI‐1 monoclonal antibodies appears to be dose‐dependent. These results were compared to MEJ formation in PAI‐1‐/‐ mice. Based on these data we conclude that PAI‐1 may regulate the formation of MEJs in the vasculature. Supported by NIH RO1 088554 and an AHA SDG.
Authentication Model Using the JADE Framework for Communication Security in Multiagent Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

For today's applications, securing communication is the number one issue. Mobile agent system (MAS) technology is getting a lot of attention, especially for the reason that it satisfies the requirements of intelligence in distributed architecture and has become increasingly used in several domains such as e-commerce; on the other hand, it is difficult to guarantee its security because of its strong mobility over the network. As for today's internet communication protocols, the Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS) are the most widely deployed security protocols that are used to exchange data over the internet securely based on encrypted communication [1]. Therefore, in the present paper, we seek a solution that meets the security requirements of communication in a multiagent system (MAS). Therefore, in the present paper, we seek a solution that meets the security requirements of communication in a multiagent system (MAS), by proposing a multi-authentication web solution adopting mobile agents using the JADE framework, with cryptographical techniques, to ensure a secure encrypted communication using SSL/TLS protocol.
Faunistische Untersuchungen im hyporheischen Interstitial des Flusses Mur (Steiermark, Österreich)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Faunistic Investigations of the Hyporheic Interstitial of the River Mur (Styria, Austria) Two distinct sections of the River Mur (Styria, Austria), one almost unpolluted and the other heavily polluted by domestic and industrial waste waters, were investigated for two years. Faunistic, hydrographic, and ecological investigations were carried out at the river bottom, including particularly the hyporheic interstitial zone. All species found were investigated qualitatively and quantitatively, and ecological factors are stressed. The composition of the fauna of the unpolluted area differs markedly from that in the polluted section.
Outcomes associated with pharmacotherapy in overactive bladder

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Overactive bladder is one of the most prevalent medical conditions in the USA. Prevalence rates of overactive bladder are higher in women and increase with advanced age. Although the disease is not associated with mortality, it has significant impact on health-related quality of life amongst patients. Pharmacologic, as well as behavioral treatment therapies, are available for overactive bladder treatment with pharmacologic agents being the mainstay therapy. The purpose of this review is to outline the recent developments in the treatment of overactive bladder. This is an extensive review that provides important information on the outcomes associated with different pharmacotherapeutic agents used in overactive bladder. It concludes with the authors' opinions and suggestions for the future research in this area.
Numerical Analysis of an Electromagnetic Stirring System for Composite Plastic Materials with Ferromagnetic Particles

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper deals with a Finite Element (FE) numerical analysis of an electromagnetic stirring system for composite plastic materials with ferromagnetic particles. The electromagnetic stirring process is ensured by the magnetic forces acting on the ferromagnetic particles spread in the plastic matrix. These forces are produced by the rotating magnetic field of the stator of a three‐phase induction motor supplied from an inverter. The analysis is carried out using the professional software package Flux for electromagnetic field computation based on the FE method. The 2D computations allowed to estimate the magnetic forces and their orientation acting on micrometric particles spread in a fluid plastic material. A preliminary experimental setup is also built for studying the proposed solution.