jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Hilltops, silts, and petroglyphs: the fish hunters of El-Hosh (Upper Egypt)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In November 1998 an international team, sponsored by the National Geographic Society and the Fund for Scientific Research - Flanders, conducted a rock art survey in the vicinity of El-Hosh in Upper Egypt. A multitude of sites with thousands of petroglyphs was located. Attention was paid mainly to the oldest manifestations of rock art in the area representing intensively patinated, mushroom-shaped, curvilinear and geometric designs, as well as a number of seemingly associated anthropomorphic figures, footprints, and zoomorphs. Several of these drawings were sampled for possible AMS radiocarbon dating. A number of complex rock art panels were recorded in their entirety. In addition, the distribution of the sites has been studied in relationship to the geomorphological particularities of the area. What follows is a brief statement about the research at El-Hosh.
A convolution related to Golomb’s root function

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The root function γ(n) is defined by Golomb for n>l as the number of distinct representations n-a h with positive integers a and b.In this paper we define a convolution ψ such that γ is the F-analog of the (Dirichlet) divisor function r.The structure of the ring of arithmetic functions under addition and F is discussed.We compute and interpret Fanalogs of the Moebius function and Euler's Φ-function.Formulas and an algorithm for computing the number of distinct representations of an integer wΞ>2 in the form . a k n = ap' , with a t a positive integer, i-l 9 , k, are given.I* Introduction* Let Z denote the set of positive integers, let A denote the set of arithmetic functions (complex-valued functions with domain Z), and let F denote the set of elements of Z which are not &th powers of any positive integer for k > l(k e Z).Note that 1 g F. The divisor function τ can be defined as τ -v Q *v Qf where v 0 e A, v o (n) = 1 for all ne Z, and * is the Dirichlet convolution defined for a, β e A by (a*β)(n) = Σ is uniquely expressible as n -m 9 , where g = g.c.d.(e lf , e r ) and meF.Golomb [1] defines the root function Ί{n) for ne Z, n > 1, as the number of distinct representations n = a b with a, be Z\ and he notes that Ύ(n) = τ(g) for n = m 9 , meF, ge Z.We let 7(1) = 1.For a, βe A, n = m
The Pageant of Mutabilitie: Virginia Woolf’sBetween the ActsandThe Faerie Queene

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

By drawing a parallel between Miss La Trobe’s pageant in Woolf’s Between the Acts, and Mutabilitie’s pageant in the Mutabilitie Cantos of Spenser’s The Faerie Queene, this article elucidates the role played by the aevum—an order of duration that lies between time and eternity—in Woolf’s last novel. While the fantasy of an aeviternally permanent nature is a comforting one for Lucy Swithin, this inherently conservative temporal fiction carries a troubling politics, and is deeply problematic from various perspectives. It threatens to petrify exploitative gender, colonial and class relations in a changeless nature, with no prospect of emancipatory historical change. Recognizing Woolf’s use of the aevum serves to challenge Brechtian readings of the pageant, and to qualify recent interpretations of Woolf that depict her as holding a revolutionary materialist conception of history, similar to that of Walter Benjamin.
Thermodynamic analysis of Powell-Eyring-blood hybrid nanofluid through vertical stretching sheet with interface slip and melting heat

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The present endeavor investigates the significance of entropy production due to stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid through a vertical stretchable surface. The system irreversibility arises due to fluctuation of temperature between mainstream and interface. At the surface of the sheet, the effects of slippage and melting are considered. The buoyancy-obsessed flow of hybrid mixture is exposed to Lorentz forces and thermal radiation. The mixture is created with the infusion of Iron and magnesium nanoparticles in Powell-Eyring fluid, which reassemble the blood features. The principal conservation equations (momentum and energy) are modified with the deployment of Tiwari-Das model. The resulting blood mixture demonstrates the features of shear thinning fluids. The prevailing boundary layer equations are turned into a system of ordinary differential equations by applying certain modifications, which are solved numerically by a Keller-Box approach for actual boundary conditions. Among the most intriguing results is that the volumetric loading of iron nanoparticles, melting phenomena, and slip provide a substantial thermal improvements. The flow of blood detract with escalation of melting and slippage at the boundaries. The effects of buoyancy assistance escalates the blood flow. Enlargement in viscosity parameter reduces the fluid viscosity and reduces the fluid drift. The effects of viscoelastic parameter are conflicting for velocity and temperature. The thermal profile escalates with increase in magnetic parameter. The production of entropy increases with enhanced Lorentz and buoyancy forces while diminished with slip and melting effects. The consequences of Bejan against theses parameters are conflicting. The frictional coefficient detract with high melting effects, while the results for energy transport coefficient are contrary. The influence of Iron are significant because of denser density.
[The compensatory-adaptive mechanisms in nitrite-induced hypoxia in rats].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Concentration of blood proteins, alpha-amino nitrogen, cGMP and endothelin-1,2 was studied in rat's blood at nitric hypoxia. The injection of NaNO2 (5 mg/100 g body weight) was followed by decrease in total protein, albumin and hemoglobin content and by sharp increase in methemoglobin and Hb-NO complexes concentration in rat's blood. Simultaneously, the elevation of free amino acids and peptides with m.w. 2500 D in blood was discovered. One of these peptides was the endothelin-1,2, whose concentration increased twice in plasma at nitric hypoxia. The increase in endothelin and cGMP concentrations is mostly linked with activation of compensative mechanisms, arising as a response to high concentrations of nitro compounds and NO in rats.
Epidural Pain Management in the Postrhizotomy Patient

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors report a randomized double-blind prospective study comparing epidural morphine 80 micrograms/kg to epidural morphine 80 micrograms/kg plus butorphanol 40 micrograms/kg in children undergoing rhizotomy. Up to 50% of children receiving epidural morphine alone will experience side effects of nausea, vomiting, pruritus, urinary retention or respiratory depression. The addition of the narcotic agonist-antagonist butorphanol virtually eliminated these side effects without compromising analgesia or causing undue sedation. Parent satisfaction was greater than 90%.
332 ‘Every day was a learning curve’: implementing COVID-19 triage protocols in UK ambulance services – a qualitative study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background

TRIM is an evaluation of the triage models used by emergency ambulance services caring for patients with suspected COVID-19 during the pandemic’s first wave in 2020. We aimed to understand experiences and concerns of staff about implementation of triage protocols.

Method

Research paramedics interviewed stakeholders from four ambulance services (call handlers, clinical advisors, paramedics, managers) and ED clinical staff from receiving hospitals. Interviews (n=23) were conducted remotely using MS Teams, recorded, and transcribed in full. Analysis generated themes from implicit and explicit ideas within participants’ accounts (Braun and Clarke 2021), conducted by researchers and PPI partners working together.

Results

We identified the following themes: Constantly changing guidelines – at some points, updated several times a day. The ambulance service as part of the wider healthcare system - changes elsewhere in the system left ambulance services as the default. Peaks and troughs of demand - fluctuating greatly over time, and varying across the staff groups. A stretched system - resources were overextended by staff sickness and isolation, longer job times, and increased handover delays at ED. Emotional load of responding to the pandemic - including call centre staff. Doing the best they can in the face of uncertainty - a rapidly evolving situation unlike any which ambulance services had faced before.

Conclusion

Implementing triage protocols in response to the COVID-19 pandemic was complex and had to be actively managed by a range of frontline staff, dealing with external pressures and a heavy emotional load.

Conflict of interest

None.

Funding

UKRI-DHSC Covid-19 Rapid Response Funding.
Two App Stores in One Smartphone : A Comparative Study on Mobile Application Stores between Google Play and T-Store

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The tremendous advancement of technology sparked a lot of opportunities for developers and consumers to pave way to a dynamic application market in smartphones. This study focuses on the users' perspective, that is, the preference between two application markets that varies in many perspectives of its features. Hence, the purpose of this study is to provide a comparative study on two mobile application stores in smartphones; Google Play and T-Store. A survey was conducted to compare the markets, and the results showed the different influencing factors on choosing and using each application store. In addition, the results somehow revealed the harmony of co-existence in smartphones.
p28, an Anionic Cell-Penetrating Peptide, Increases the Activity of Wild Type and Mutated p53 without Altering Its Conformation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

p28, a cell penetrating peptide, binds to the DNA binding domain (DBD) of p53, inducing a post-translational increase in intracellular levels of wild type and mutant p53 activating pathways that inhibit cancer cell proliferation at G2/M. Cancer cells respond to p28 with an increase in p53 activity, except when mutations either alter DNA contact or completely unfold the DBD. The increase in p53 activity is accompanied by a significant reduction in the level of the E3 ligase COP1, with no alteration in p53 conformation. This suggests p28 can activate p53 over a wide range of conformational mutations by inhibiting the binding of COP1 to p53.
REASSESSING THE EUROPEAN SECURITY STRATEGY IN AN AGE OF AUSTERITY

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The current European Security Strategy was drafted in the strategic context of 2003 and (unsubstantially) revised in 2008. More than a decade later, the dramatic changes in the international context have important implications for EU`s strategic position and cast doubt on the relevance of the existing conceptual framework. Despite the efforts of some member states and various scholars, think-tanks and policy-makers advocating for a new strategic document, the much anticipated European Council of December 2013 - a body which could have provided a genuine impetus for such a change - remained silent on the issue. The author herein argues that a reassessment of the Security Strategy is more needed than ever if the EU is to remain a major global actor in times of crisis.
R E V I E W: Species definition of procaryotes based on 16S rRNA and protein coding genes sequence

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Until now it is complicated for demarcating species of prokaryotes. The 16S rRNA gene sequence provide phylogenetic basis for classification. It has been widely accepted that more than 97% similarity in 16S rRNA gene sequence is a species definition for prokaryotes. However, this criterion can not correspond to real ecological unit, thus can not reveal the functional diversity in nature. The interaction with the environment is defined at the level of functional genes, not 16S rRNA gene. Protein-coding genes sequence can be expected to disclose much previously unknown ecological population of prokaryotes. These are the genes that determine the role of the species. Sequence similarity in multiple protein-coding genes is recommended as a primary criterion for demarcating taxa. Â© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS Surakarta Key words: species definition, 16S rRNA, procaryotes, systematics
Best Practices for Creating Videos for Information Literacy Programming

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this poster session, we share our expertise in the development of short videos for use in information literacy programming. Specifically, we address development and assessment of learning outcomes for our One Minute Tips video series, and the relevant subject categories for students at our university. Additionally, we discuss the concept of information layering, and how to successfully incorporate elements of popular culture. We provide tips for promotion and use as well as assessing usage metrics. You can view our videos on the Old Dominion University Libraries' YouTube channel http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDnm8O5CigbS6Cit_mr7xbQ/videos .
Study on isolation of genomic DNA in Eurotium Cristatum

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

To choose rapid,simple and effective methods for the extraction of genomic DNA from Eurotium cristatum of threadlike hyphae and asco-spores,the total DNA was extracted using the methods of lysozyme,cellulase,pectinase,CTAB,and SDS,then detected by spectrophotometer,agarose gel electrophoresis.The results indicated that the five methods could be used for extracting Eurotium cristatum genomic DNA.In the three enzymes used,lysozyme was the best and pectinase was better than cellulase,but there was no obvious difference between them.SDS method was better than CTAB and the obtained DNA concentration was 1.69 mg/mL.
Fleet Selection for Solid Waste Collection Systems

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Presently, collection of solid waste is much more expensive than its disposal. Most municipal collection fleets are made up of packer trucks that service areas with dissimilar topography, population density, and waste generation rates. When vehicles are selected for solid waste collection fleets there is usually very little consideration given to providing the required service at minimum cost. One possibility for minimizing collection costs is to select a fleet of various-sized packer trucks, while simultaneously satisfying the service constraints. To illustrate this approach, the waste collection system of a large metropolitan area is analyzed for proper fleet size and type of packer vehicle. Selection of the optimal fleet size and type of packer truck is formulated and solved as a linear programming problem.
Economic Development in Afghanistan during the Soviet Period, 1979-1989: Lessons Learned from the Soviet Experience in Afghanistan

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This Technical Memorandum provides an overview of the major economic policies implemented in Afghanistan during the Soviet period, 1979-1989, and their results. Its objective is to inform the current NATO-ISAF engagement in Afghanistan about the importance of building the economic capacity of the state and the integration of the agricultural sector into the national economy. The research was done using both Russian- and English-language sources. The study shows that the main reasons behind the fall of the pro-Moscow regime in Kabul were not defeat on the battlefield nor military superiority of the resistance, but the regime's failure to achieve economic sustainability and its over-reliance on foreign aid.
Cold-reacting Antibodies: Differences in the Reaction of Anti-I Antibodies with Adult and Cord Red Blood Cells

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The reactions of anti-I cold-agglutinin antibodies with the red cells from normal adults (adult-I) and adult-i donors and from newborn infants have been investigated by the use of the C'1a Fixation and Transfer Test of Borsos and Rapp. Agglutination and high concentration of serum reduce the amounts of the C'1a fixation by these antibodies. Inhibition by serum is due to an inhibitor of C'1a. A single molecule of antibody is required for the fixation of one molecule of C'1a to either adult or cord cells. There was great variability in the amount of anti-I antibody and C'1a fixed by different adult cells and by different cord cells. Although the two ranges overlapped considerably, the amount of antibody fixed by cord cells was somewhat less than that fixed by adult cells. The difference between cord cells or "low-reactivity" adult-I cells and "high-reactivity" adult-I cells is not due to the presence of different or extra antigens on the latter since cord and "low-reactivity" adult I cells are able to absorb all antibody from the antiserum which reacts with "high-reactivity" adult-I cells. The difference between adult-I and cord cells (or adult-i cells) was reduced by pretreatment of the cells with papain and was increased by increasing the temperature at which the reactions were performed. These studies suggest that the difference between adult red cells and cord (or adult i) red cells with regard to the fixation of cold agglutinin antibody is due in large part to a difference in the "affinity" of the antibody and the antigen on the cell surface rather than to a major difference in the number of antigen sites.
Challenges and benefits of using texture analysis of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans in diagnosis of bladder cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Radiomics and texture analysis is a new step in the evaluation of digital medical images using specialized software and quantitative assessment of signs invisible to the eye. The textural parameters obtained through mathematical transformations correlate with morphological, molecular, and genotypic characteristics of the examined area. This article reviews scientific studies on challenges and benefits of using texture analysis in diagnosis of bladder cancer. The authors describe the practical value of this approach, and consider the challenges and potential of using it. Forty publications published between 2016 and 2024 were selected using keywords from PubMed and Google Scholar. Multiple studies demonstrate high accuracy of radiomics in local staging of bladder cancer, morphologic assessment of the tumor, and prediction of long term clinical outcomes. Therefore, texture analysis of medical images can provide additional information to diagnose bladder cancer in uncertain cases. Standardization of the method is currently one of the key issues to accelerate implementation of radiomics analysis in clinical practice.
<title>Hexagonal wavelets for the detection of masses in digitized mammograms</title>

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Wavelets for the detection of masses in digitized mammograms are proposed in this study. Enhancement and segmentation of the image, based on texture, is performed using wavelets and Laws texture maps. Hexagonal wavelets are proposed in this study for improved detection and speed. In hexagonal sampling, orientations are partitioned into three bands of 60 degrees, equally covering the frequency domain such that no particular orientation is favored. The lifting scheme is used to construct the wavelets. This scheme has several advantages over the conventional Fourier approach. Most importantly the lifting scheme can easily be extended to uneven sampling, is not susceptible to boundary conditions, and is also computationally more efficient by a factor of two. One method uses wavelets to enhance the image before the Laws texture energy map is found. The second segments the image based on the wavelet coefficients for low texture. Both of the methods show promising results.
POLYMORPHISMS AMONG MALES OF THE EUROPEAN EARWIG,FORFICULA AURICULARIA(DERMAPTERA: FORFICULIDAE)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Body weight, head width, and cercus length and width of adult male earwigs were found to be polymorphic in both field-collected and laboratory-reared samples. The view that the polymorphisms are the result of environmentally induced ’heterogonic growth’ is discounted. Seasonal, annual, and geographic variation in morph frequencies are demonstrated and discussed.
Resilience Planning, a Facilitated Modelling Approach

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Resilience has emerged as a buzzword among researchers and practitioners. However, despite its popularity, there has been little progress in moving it from an elaborate metaphor describing an idyllic state of the system to a tool for planning and managing adaptation. While case study research is rich with examples of systems that have proven to be resilient or are striving to develop resilience, there is no defined approach that operationalises concepts described in the literature into the planning process. This paper helps close this gap by illustrating how facilitated modelling can be used for resilience planning in socio-ecological systems. The paper summarizes our experience using facilitated system dynamics to inform a model-based discussion of food security resilience to climate change in Guatemala. We identify at least three positive outcomes from the intervention, which a) helped to build consensus about the meaning of resilience, b) improved stakeholders understanding of adaptation and c) outlined potential policies to enhance resilience.
The Evolution of Human Rights and the Legal Framework for Genocide Prevention: From the Holocaust to Rwanda

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Human rights are inherent entitlements that individuals possess by virtue of their humanity. Throughout history, various atrocities and inhumane acts have occurred, with the First and Second World Wars exemplifying the most severe massacres. The crime of genocide was first legally addressed in the United Nations Genocide Convention within the framework of International Law. Genocide is considered one of the gravest violations of human rights under international humanitarian law. The Holocaust during the Second World War, perpetrated by the Nazis, and the genocide in Rwanda are prominent examples that elicited significant international backlash, prompting legal sanctions against such heinous acts. This article aims to elucidate the concept of genocide and its historical evolution, examining the rulings of international criminal courts on genocide. By analyzing the Holocaust and the Rwanda genocide, the study seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of genocide as a crime against humanity influenced by international issues, geopolitical dynamics, and colonialism.
Relaxations during the formation of films

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The Stefan equation for the separation of parallel surfaces confining a viscous medium relates the tensile stress to the product of the separation velocity and the liquid viscosity. This equation is applied to roll coating; two constraints to its use are imposed as a result of incomplete relaxation of stresses during the process. These constraints are the inability of any liquid to flow rapidly enough under tension to avoid cavitation and the appearance of a sizeable elastic component in the polymer solutions which one usually applies to substrates. During film hardening the measurement of relaxation is performed by cyclic shearing at the low and middle range of the viscoelastic spectrum. The in‐phase and out‐of‐phase components of the complex modulus of rigidity are significant in this regard. Applied as a liquid, the coating must relax to a smooth layer without sagging and then be converted into a solid without developing destructively large residual stresses. Control over the mechanical properties during the formation of films is gained only after the molecular basis of relaxation and retardation is understood.