jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Clean Catheterization

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT. Lipoxins (LX) are eicosanoids with antiinflammatory activity in glomerulonephritis (GN) and inflammatory diseases, hypersensitivity, and ischemia reperfusion injury. It has been demonstrated that LXA4 stimulates non-phlogistic phagocytosis of apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) by monocyte-derived macrophages (Mφ) in vitro, suggesting a role for LX as endogenous pro-resolution lipid mediators. It is here reported that LXA4, LXB4, the aspirin-triggered LX (ATL) epimer, 15-epi-LXB4, and a stable synthetic analogue 15(R/S)-methyl-LXA4 stimulate phagocytosis of exogenously administered excess apoptotic PMN by macrophages (Mφ) in vivo in a classic model of acute inflammation, namely thioglycollate-induced peritonitis. Significant enhancement of phagocytosis in vivo was observed with 15-min exposure to LX and with intraperitoneal doses of LXA4, LXB4, 15(R/S)-methyl-LXA4, and 15-epi-LXB4 of 2.5 to 10 μg/kg. Non-phlogistic LX-stimulated phagocytosis by Mφ was sensitive to inhibition of PKC and PI 3-kinase and associated with increased production of transforming growth factor–β1 (TGF-β1). LX-stimulated phagocytosis was not inhibited by phosphatidylserine receptor (PSR) antisera and was abolished by prior exposure of Mφ to β1,3-glucan, suggesting a novel Mφ-PMN recognition mechanism. Interestingly, the recently described peptide agonists of the LXA4 receptor (MYFINITL and LESIFRSLLFRVM) stimulated phagocytosis through a process associated with increased TGF-β1 release. These data provide the first demonstration that LXA4, LXB4, ATL, and LX stable analogues rapidly promote Mφ phagocytosis of PMN in vivo and support a role for LX as rapidly acting, pro-resolution signals in inflammation. Engagement of the LXR by LX generated during cell-cell interactions in inflammation and by endogenous LXR peptide agonists released from distressed cells may be an important stimulus for clearance of apoptotic cells and may be amenable to pharmacologic mimicry for therapeutic gain.E-mail: cgodson@mater.ie
Evaluating the optimal location for embedded accelerometers using experimentally validated computer algorithms

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With sensors and sensor circuits becoming increasingly smaller there is the possibility of embedding such systems within products to monitor their handling and operation during the whole life cycle. The manufacturing stage of the life cycle is seen as an important stage to monitor as the defects during operation can often be attributed to manufacturing faults. The assembly of high value printed circuit boards has been identified as a process that could benefit from such sensor circuits. Vibration sensors on the boards could detect many scenarios during manufacturing, such as shock loadings and number of times a board is manually handled. In addition to this, vibrations excited in the board are known to cause cracks in solder joints [1] and also thought to cause defects during the manufacture process, although this has yet to be fully quantified. The position of the accelerometer on the board is not greatly important in detecting shock loadings and whole body motion, however, when measuring vibration of the board the position of the accelerometer greatly influences the measured amplitude depending on the relative distance to nodal lines. This paper presents experimental and theoretical methods to identify the most appropriate location for an accelerometer to be positioned.
Analysis of growth dynamics of the Czech warm-blood based on results of grading of colts in rearing facilities for testing young horses

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The objective of the study was to analyse the dynamics of growth of the Czech warm-blood young horses and to evaluate the effect of rearing facilities for testing young horses (RFT) on the increase in body measurements of the young horses. Groundwork data were obtained from the database of the Czech Warm-Blood Horse Breeders Association which contains data on the regular grading of the young horses in the RFT facilities. Data from the year 2001 to 2011 from 7 RFT facilities for young horses of the Czech warm-blood were entered in the basic database. Statistical processing of the database using the GLM method revealed that the RFT had a statistically significant effect on the tape-measure, heart-girth and bone. By multiple comparisons of the individual effects using the Tukey-B method we discovered statistically significant differences in body measurements of the young horses among the respective rearing facilities for testing young horses. The growth dynamics of young horses in the individual RFT considerably differed. The growth of young horses from the RFT Železnice was the most balanced showing no marked fluctuations. In the other rearing facilities the growth of the young horses fluctuated considerably in the course of the testing period; particularly in the Albertovec, Tlumačov and Luka-Týn rearing facilities for testing young horses the growth of the young horses was retarded in the second half of the testing period.
Analysis of Hybrid Floating Photovoltaic and Hydro-Power plant with HOMER Pro Software

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Hybrid configuration of Floating Solar Photovoltaic (FPV) and hydropower plant is more advantageous among all the possible hybrid topologies. The benefits of this configuration is that both FPV and hydropower plant compensates for the intermittency of each other, improved input to hydropower plant due to evaporation loss reduction, and ease of connectivity to the grid. Simulation of the hybrid FPV and hydropower plant with HOMER Pro software shows that it will improve the energy yield from the configuration and reduces the grid purchase of electricity. Grid connected FPV plant has a LCOE 6.40 Rs/kWh supplying an average load of 11.26kWh/day. Due to the intermittent nature of the solar output, the connected load will take power from the grid. For connected load, among total consumption, 55.6% of power will be taken from the grid, and the rest, 44.40%, is taken from the FPV plant. Hybrid configuration of hydro and FPV will have the LCOE 4.15 Rs/kWh. Considering the same load as in the previous case, among total consumption, 21 % will be supplied by the FPV, and the hydro power plant will fulfill 79%. In this case, grid purchase is nil. Also, a daily time series plot for connected load is obtained from the HOMER Pro simulation. Hence, a hybrid combination for connected load gives a better time series plot for consumption.
Neuroendoscopic Findings of Ventricular Wall in Adult Hemorrhagic Moyamoya Disease: Report of Two Cases.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Moyamoya disease usually manifests as ischemic events in childhood, and as more severe hemorrhagic events, including intraventricular hemorrhage, in adults. Recently, the indication for neuroendoscopic surgery has been extended to cast-formation intraventricular hematomas. However, detailed information about the use of neuroendoscopic surgery for the treatment of intraventricular hemorrhage associated with moyamoya disease has not been reported. We describe two cases of intraventricular hemorrhage with moyamoya disease; one in a 62-year-old and another in a 33-year-old women who both presented with severe neurological symptoms. Cerebral angiography revealed unilateral moyamoya disease. Neuroendoscopic surgery to remove the intraventricular hematoma was performed via bilateral frontal burr holes in both cases. Abnormal findings in the ventricle were observed only in the affected side and the intact side was normal. Specific findings of neuroendoscopic observation were dilated and tortuous vessels, intersection vessels, black-brown macules in the subependyma, and rattan blind-like (Japanese sudare) bleeding vessels. These characteristic neuroendoscopic findings may be useful for the exact diagnosis and treatment of intraventricular hemorrhage associated with moyamoya disease. Endoscopic evacuation of the ventricular hematoma may be important for intracranial pressure control in patients with intraventricular hemorrhage in adult moyamoya disease.
IMPACT OF SOCIAL ISOLATION ON OLDER ADULTS IN NURSING HOMES DURING THE PANDEMIC LOCKDOWN: INFORMING POLICY

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose Describe outcomes of an equity-centered community design (ECCD) project examining the impact of COVID-19 restrictions and social isolation on nursing home (NH) owners, administrators, community leaders, clergy, and urban homeless shelter staff. • Methods 3-phase, ECCD project. Key informants (KI) were recruited through snowball sampling if experienced in caring for older adults (OA) in NH, in the community, or were engaged in spiritual care of OA.• Results Perceptions of fear, anger, frustration, sadness, and concern. Categories of Lost Communication and Socialization Strategies, Lost Freedom, Residents’ Dying Alone and Inability to Pause to Grieve, Helplessness and Hopelessness, Inability to Take Time to Grieve, and Behavior Changes. KI offered New Ways of Communicating, and interventions and solutions were generated in Phase III.• Implications. Understanding of Stakeholder experiences and perceptions is important to achieving inclusive, equity-centered solutions. Future policy decisions must consider what matters most to those most directly impacted by those decisions.
Using technology to transform communities of practice into knowledge-building communities

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Knowledge and learning exist as byproducts of social processes such as those that take place in communities of practice. We describe two frameworks for understanding and building online knowledge-building communities, or online communities of practice that enhance collective knowledge. First, the C4P framework is described as a way of understanding how knowledge is created and disseminated by participants in a community of practice. Second, we discuss ways in which technology provides added value for learning in these environments using the DDC (Design for Distributed Cognition) framework, and link this to the particular goals of a knowledge-building community. Examples from two large online communities are discussed.
The Indian Satrapies under Alexander the Great

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Alexander’s administrative arrangements in India are an obscure and somewhat neglected subject. The obscurity is due to a crucial lacuna in the narrative sources, which take us to a crisis in government but say nothing of its resolution. Late in 325 the satrap of northern India, Philip son of Machatas, was assassinated by some of his native mercenaries. In his place Alexander appointed the native prince Taxiles to govern the territory along with Eudamus (the officer commanding the satrapal army of Thracians) until such time as he sent out a new satrap from court. Nothing more is heard of a replacement or of India. The sources foreshadow an administrative change but never report the outcome. Instead we have to wait for the reports of the satrapal distributions of Babylon and Triparadeisus, in which the division of the Indian provinces is sensibly different from what it had been in Alexander’s day. The change may be due to the king himself or to his successors. Both views have been stated, but the issue has never been fully argued and it is worth reopening. It has important implications for Alexander’s view of empire in his last years and for the status of India in his imperial plans.
Specification language for automatа-based objects cooperation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Automata-based programming is a programming paradigm that has been successfully used in the development of reactive systems, distributed control systems, and various mission-critical applications where the ability to verify the compliance of a real system with its model given in the form of specifications is critical. The traditional testing of such systems can be difficult; thus, more advanced verification tools are required to increase confidence in the reliability of real systems. The previously proposed language for the specification of the Cooperative Interaction of Automata-based Objects (CIAO) was successfully used to develop several different reactive systems as a result of which a number of shortcomings were identified and eliminated in the new version of CIAO v.3. This new version of the language was developed for the automatic verification of automata-based programs according to the formal specifications of a certain class of real-time systems. Three innovations distinguish CIAO v.3 from previous versions. First, an explicit distinction between automata classes and automaton objects as instances of these classes. Second, we specify the binding of automaton objects through interfaces using a connection scheme. Third, we describe the semantics of the behavior of a system of interacting automaton objects using a semantic graph. This paper presents the main concepts of the new language version including the abstract syntax, operational semantics, and metamodel. The third version of the CIAO language naturally includes almost all the advantages of object-oriented programming into the paradigm of automata programming. The connection of automaton objects through the corresponding interfaces is arbitrarily reflected by the connection scheme. A semantic graph describing the semantics of the behavior of the automata-based program is used to implement automatic verification with respect to formal specifications.
Pathological and Evolutionary Implications of Retroviruses as Mobile Genetic Elements

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Retroviruses, a form of mobile genetic elements, have important roles in disease and primate evolution. Exogenous retroviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), have significant pathological implications that have created a massive public health challenge in recent years. Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), which are the primary focus of this review, can also be pathogenic, as well as being beneficial to a host in some cases. Furthermore, retroviruses may have played a key role in primate evolution that resulted in the incorporation of these elements into the human genome. Retroviruses are mobile genetic elements that have important roles in disease and primate evolution. We will further discuss the pathogenic potential of retroviruses, including their role in cancer biology, and will briefly summarize their evolutionary implications.
Parental support and insecure attachment development: the cortisol stress response as a moderator

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The current study investigated whether variations at the level of the cortisol stress response moderate the association between parental support and attachment development. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a one-year longitudinal study with two waves in which 101 children (56% girls, Mage = 11.15, SDage = 0.70) participated. Attachment anxiety and avoidance were measured at baseline (Wave 1) and one year later (Wave 2). Parental support and children's cortisol stress response during the Trier Social Stress Test were measured at Wave 2. Children's cortisol stress response was found to moderate the association between parental support and relative change in anxious attachment. A strong cortisol stress response weakened the associated between parental support and relative change in anxious attachment. No moderation effects were found for relative change in avoidant attachment.
The characterisation of circulating biomarkers and body composition before and after cardiac resynchronisation therapy in patients with chronic heart failure and their role in predicting response

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Heart failure is a common condition which carries a high mortality and morbidity. Despite improved medical therapy the outcomes for heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction remain poor. Cardiac resynchronisation therapy has revolutioned the treatment of patients with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction and dyssynchrony, refactory to medical therapy, improving morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately a significant minority fail to respond to this expensive therapy, which is challenging for both the patient and society. \n \nOver the last 15 years research has focused on attempting to predict non-response. Evidence suggests wider QRS duration and bundle branch morphology on the resting electrocardiograph are the most important predictors of response and outcome following implantation of a cardiac resynchronisation device. However, the non-response rate remains unchanged despite extensive research. \n \nMolecular systems have been shown to alter with the development and progression of heart failure. Many of these systems are now utilised in the diagnosis and prognostication of heart failure. Cardiac resynchronisation therapy device implantation has been shown to alter these dysregulated molecular systems. Specific circulating biomarkers reflect these respective systems. Cardiac extracellular matrix is a dynamic support structure that has altered turnover in heart failure and is affected when cardiac resynchronisation devices are implanted. Micro ribonucleic acids have been observed recently to be important in molecular systems regulation and dysregulation has been observed in heart failure. Furthermore altered expression following cardiac resynchronisation therapy device implantation has been reported. The evidence suggests circulating biomarkers for these systems have the potential to predict response. Our prospective study examined specific biomarkers that the literature suggests has the potential to predict response, but the evidence is currently inconclusive. Moreover we utilised other important patient variables known to be predictors from the wider literature and our own retrospective cohort analysis of response to test alongside specific circulating biomarkers. We offer an informed pilot study to test important circulating biomarkers for their clinical ultility to predict heart failure patient’s ability to respond to cardiac resynchronisation therapy.
Surrendering to ‘too powerful’ technologies: From the F-111 to the MQ-28 Ghost-Bat drone

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Against a background of contemporary hyperconnected warfare and accelerating advances in drone/robotic systems, this article discusses the airborne drone in relation to concepts of surrender, both historic and contemporary, literal and metaphoric. Drawing upon Paul Virilio’s (2002[1991]) observation that, during the first Gulf War, ‘technologies employed are too powerful’, the author examines how continuing military aspirations for technological speed and lethality represent surrender to the lure of techno-power. Two incidents of human beings surrendering to drones, in Kuwait in 1991 and in Ukraine in 2023, anchor an exploration of literal and metaphoric surrender implications. This discussion is expanded through a military aviation history lens and an art historical perspective. The latter includes close visual and contextual analyses of James Rosenquist’s 1964–1965 painting F-111 and the author’s multi-piece 2022–2023 painting Ghost Bat.
DESIGN OF TEXTILE UV-SHIELDS BY VAT DYES MODIFICATION

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The problem of human being protecting against UV radiation is becoming more and more significant from year to year and requires urgent solutions. Just UVB causes 50-90% of skin cancer and especially affects children, adolescents and older people. Textile screens are the simplest and most effective means to protect against the negative effects of UV radiation (UVR). Usually, white cotton and linen fabrics are used for summer clothes. However, these materials have a low ultraviolet protective factor (UPF ~ 5). Known developments that relate to the modification of textile materials to protect against UV radiation, suggest the use of dense woven structures; modification with some metals oxides; the use of UV absorbers that are derivats of harmful chemicals (for example, o-hydroxybenzophenones). But these methods do not always provide the sufficiently level of UV protection. In our paper, the effectiveness of vat dyes using to create textile screens for UV protection was investigated. In this study was investigated cotton fabrics dyed with some vat dyes: turquoise, blue, yellow. UVR transmittance studies were performed on optical spectrometer Solar SL40-2 (PSI-Line software). A high pressure discharge lamp DRT-125 was used. As studies have shown, the most effective is a cotton textile screen, dyed with vat blue.
A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words - A qualitative analysis of how consumers identify themselves on Instagram

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this thesis is to contribute with knowledge on consumer identity in a social media setting and how companies can utilize this behaviour for effective marketing. Method The thesis adopts a constructivist perspective on how we interpret our interviewees, the reality and our own research role. The interviews have been inspired by both ethnographic and a phenomenological approach. Our visual observations are inspired by a nethnographic approach. We have chosen to use narrative analysis in order to analyze the empirical material. Theoretical perspective The theoretical focus point has been on narrative theory. We have looked at theories related to narratives and also ones concerning the self. Empirical foundation The empirical findings have been divided into two main themes: ego boost and fabricating a genuine identity. We have noted that the participants create a new identity on Instagram. Conclusions The participants have created a new identity that resembles their ideal self. This created identity acts as a personal brand in their private sphere.
Hyperhidrosis: the neglected sign in heart failure patients.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Profuse sweating is a symptom often reported by cardiological patients and could be also an early phenomenon of adaptation or rather cardiac maladaptation in the context of incipient heart failure (HF). By definition, in HF patients the low cardiac output causing reduced renal blood supply and reduced pressure in the arterial baroreceptors activate compensatory mechanisms such as the RAAS and the adrenergic autonomic nervous system. The retention of fluids caused by the decompensation of heart-kidney system could generate a reactive hyperhidrosis and even anticipate an incipient decompensation and might prevent manifest volume overload. Moreover, in HF patients the overactive sympathetic nervous system generates an increase in the reabsorption of fluids in the kidney, on the other hand it generates a signaling to the sweat glands to induce a dispersion of fluids, with loss of sodium and chlorine at the glandular ductal level. Finally sweat gland production physiology during physical activity is also altered in HF patients. This review is focused on sweating and its pathophysiological role in heart failure. Although all the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not fully understood, there are interesting connections that might explain this fluid elimination as a wise and sophisticated way to prevent incipient heart failure crisis. Future research could be focused on studying new drugs that selectively would be able to promote fluid elimination by this specific way in patients suffering from heart failure.