jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
New data on the fauna, taxonomy and ecology of praying mantises (Dictyoptera, Mantodea) from Russia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two little-known species of praying mantises, Severinia turcomaniae (Saussure, 1872) and Rivetina nana Mistshenko, 1967, are reported for the faunas of Russia and Europe for the first time based on the material collected in Astrakhan Province of Russia. New data on the morphology, ecology, and distribution of these species are given. The male genitalia of S. turcomaniae and the female of R. nana are described for the first time. The lectotype of Oxythespis turcomaniae Saussure, 1872 is designated and deposited in the collection of the Zoological Museum of the Moscow University. The synonymy of O. turcomaniae and Mantis wagneri Kittary, 1849 is shown to be insufficiently justified; M. wagneri is provisionally placed in the genus Severinia Finot, 1902. Since R. nana Lindt, 1968 is most probably not a synonym of R. nana Mistshenko, 1967 but a separate species, a substitute name R. pseudonana Shcherbakov nom. n. is proposed for the former. Some characters traditionally used for the identification of Rivetina species are shown to be significantly variable and thus unreliable. A key to 11 praying mantis species of the Russian fauna is provided. The recent discovery of S. turcomaniae and R. nana in the northern Caspian Sea region is assumed to reflect the expansion of the natural ranges of thermophilic species caused by increasing aridity of the climate.
A Review Of The Australian Macrotomini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Prioninae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Jin, Mengjie, Keyzer, Roger De, Hutchinson, Paul, Pang, Hong, Ślipiński, Adam (2020): A Review Of The Australian Macrotomini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Prioninae). Annales Zoologici 70 (1): 33-96, DOI: 10.3161/00034541ANZ2020.70.1.003
Concentration and formation behavior of naturally occurring formaldehyde in foods

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, formaldehyde is reported to be widely used as a food preservative to increase the shelf life of fruits and fishes in tropical countries. Formaldehyde is detrimental to human health. Hence, use of formaldehyde as a food preservative is legally prohibited in most of the countries. To regulate formaldehyde application in foods, the regulatory bodies often conduct on-the-spot analytical tests to detect artificially added formaldehyde in food items. However, formaldehyde is ubiquitous in the environment and is present in many animal and plant species as a product of their normal metabolism. This naturally occurring formaldehyde may interfere in the detection of artificially added formaldehyde in foods. It is, therefore, important to study the concentration and formation mechanism of naturally occurring formaldehyde in food items. In this study, the formaldehyde contents of food samples were determined using spectrophotometric technique. The naturally occurring formaldehyde contents of a wide range of fruit, vegetable, milk, poultry, mutton and meat samples were determined. In addition, formaldehyde contents of processed food items, such as: cooked beef and poultry, beverages, and commercially available UHT milk and powdered milk samples, were also assessed and analyzed. The naturally occurring formaldehyde contents of fruit, vegetable, milk, poultry, mutton and meat samples were found up to 58.3, 40.6, 5.2, 8.2, 15.2 and 8.5 ppm, respectively. Formaldehyde contents of commercially available UHT milk, powdered milk, beverages, cooked beef and poultry were found up to 187.7, 194.1, 21.7, 4.3 and 4.0 ppm, respectively. This study also analyzed the time dynamic behavior of the formation of endogenous formaldehyde content of banana (AAB genome of Musa spp.), mandarin and beef. The experimental results provide a baseline data of natural occurring formaldehyde content of the analyzed food items. The formation behavior of formaldehyde may vary according to food types, storage temperature, storing time, and aging pattern of the food items. The findings of this study will be useful for the consumers, researchers, legal authorities and other stakeholders working on food safety and preservation.
DESIGN FOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: DESIGN ASPECTS OF WEARABLE ACTIVITY TRACKERS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Many people use wearable activity trackers to gather personal behavioral data, make better decisions, and make changes to their behavior. While the proliferation of new products on the market makes collecting personal data easier, what people expect from these products remains an open question. To uncover which features of these products lead people keep using, a one-week user study was conducted with people who use these products to support or track their behavior. Baseline interviews were conducted and participants were asked to interact with a typical wearable activity tracking product.
SKIN SURFACE BRACHYTHERAPY FOR CUTANEOUS T LYMPHOMA: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of extranodal non-Hodgkins lymphomas that are characterized by a cutaneous infiltration of malignant monoclonal T lymphocytes.At the early stages, CTCLs are often misdiagnosed as benign skin conditions and the treatment is still not well codified. We report the diagnostic and therapeutic path of a case of cutaneous anaplastic large celllymphoma located in the left forearm treated by skin surface brachytherapy(SS-BT) in theRadiotherapy-Brachytherapy department of the HASSANII university hospital center in FES. In our patient SS-BT provided us an excellent local control andgood cosmetic results.
Electrochemiluminescence Biosensor for MMP-2 Analysis Using CRISPR/Cas13a and EXPAR Amplification: A Novel Approach for Anti-Aging Research

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) plays a pivotal role in anti-aging research. Developing advanced detection platforms for MMP-2 with high specificity, sensitivity, and accessibility is crucial. This study introduces a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for MMP-2 analysis, leveraging the CRISPR/Cas13a system and Exponential Amplification Reaction (EXPAR). The biosensor operates by utilizing the T7 RNA polymerase to transcribe RNA from a DNA template upon MMP-2 interaction. This RNA activates Cas13a, leading to signal amplification and ECL detection. The incorporation of the "photoswitch" molecule [Ru(phen)2dppz]2+ streamlines the process by eliminating the need for extensive electrode modification and cleaning. Under optimized conditions, the biosensor achieved an impressive detection limit of 12.8 aM for MMP-2. The platform demonstrated excellent selectivity, reproducibility, and stability, making it highly suitable for detecting MMP-2 in complex biological samples. This innovative approach shows great potential for applications in molecular diagnostics and anti-aging research.
On-line Statistical Results Analysis in Real-Time Operations Optimization

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper presents methods for the statistical analysis of plant operations optimization results with special consideration for real-time optimization (RTO) applications. The key challenge is to determine whether the results of an optimization calculation should be implemented in the plant. Since feedback data used to correct the model include noise and the effects of high-frequency disturbances, the results of the model-based optimization calculations are corrupted by a stochastic component. The methods developed in this paper apply multivariable statistical hypothesis tests based on control charts in order to distinguish between high-frequency disturbances propagated through the calculations and significant changes in the plant optimization variables with the goals of reducing the frequency of unnecessary changes in the implemented independent optimization variables and increasing plant profits. Only the statistically significant results are implemented in the plant. Case studies indicate that increased profit can be obtained by implementing fewer changes to the process because the preponderance of changes due to noise are rejected whereas most meaningful changes are implemented.
El pensamiento de Kant en algunas teorías recientes de justicia social

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Neste artigo, a autora aborda a questão da possibilidade de uma teoria da justiça social que seja compatível com a totalidade do sistema kantiano, examinando diversas posições acerca dessa problemática, seguindo-se a essa parte a exposição de sua própria posição no tocante a essa questão.
Dialogue and speech centricity in the public sphere

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article examines how speech centric legal and public policy interpretations of the U.S. First Amendment – which guarantees constitutional protection for the freedoms of speech, press, religion, and assembly, from government constraint – tend to significantly impede democratic political discourse in the public sphere. Among other problems, speech centricity diminishes the importance of listening, adding to the crises of polarization and demonization now fracturing public political discourse. By drawing upon dialogical theory, speech act theory, and theories of listening, the essay explores how a listening-based perspective on legal and policy conceptions of free expression could perhaps reinvigorate political discourse.
Upper Paleozoic Rocks Exposed in Straight Wash Canyon, San Rafael Swell, Utah

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

About 1,100 feet of Paleozoic rocks ranging from Middle Pennsylvanian(?) to Permian in age are exposed in Straight Wash Canyon on the San Rafael Swell in central Utah. These rocks are included in the Hermosa(?) Formation, Elephant Canyon Formation of Baars (1962), the Coconino Sandstone, and the Kaibab Limestone.
Effects of Age, Race, and Ethnicity on the Optic Nerve and Peripapillary Region Using Spectral-Domain OCT 3D Volume Scans

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study demonstrates that both normal aging and ethnicity affect several novel 3D OCT parameters used to diagnose and monitor glaucoma (i.e., RT, RV, and MDB), and this should be factored in when making clinical decisions based on these parameters.
Influence of B Cell Antigen Receptor Expression Level on Pathways of B Cell Tolerance Induction

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract We have described an Ig-transgenic, autoreactive B cell clonotype that undergoes a novel tolerance pathway. Early in development this clonotype expresses average BCR levels, but these levels are progressively down-regulated as development proceeds efficiently to the mature, follicular compartment. This clonotype does not display conventional features of anergy and can be induced to undergo apoptosis and receptor editing in in vitro bone marrow cultures, but these pathways are not taken in vivo. These data suggested that autoantigen-driven down-regulation of BCR levels and, hence, avidity for autoantigen allows this clonotype to bypass conventional tolerance mechanisms. To test this idea, we enforced elevated levels of expression of BCR in this clonotype by making the transgenic Igh locus homozygous. This resulted in retarded clonotype development and L chain receptor editing in vivo. These data support a pivotal role for adaptive, autoantigen-induced adjustment of BCR expression levels in the regulation of primary B cell development and tolerance.
Access Control Architecture for Smart City IoT Platform

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Smart city is a concept that leverages IoT (Internet of Things) for efficient operations. Many use cases have been proposed, for example efficient garbage collection, smart traffic control, improvement of safety and security of cities, and disaster recovery. To provide better services, information from several domains need to be integrated. For example, in a case of a disaster recovery from an earthquake, a traffic control system and a medical emergency system should collaboratively work for efficient ambulance delivery to patients. However, such inter-domain collaboration imposes security risks regarding confidentiality. Especially, information leakage of privacy-sensitive data such as medical information must be prevented. Another risk is integrity of the information. An IoT platform needs to ensure that only privileged persons can update the information. Unfortunately, it is not clear what type of the access control is required in smart city. In this paper, we analyze use cases of smart city and clarify requirements of access control for the smart city IoT platform. We also examine attribute-based access control to satisfy the requirements. We further investigate requirements of internal access control of smart city IoT platform, and proposes an access control mechanism based on information flow history to control information flow between components of the platform.
Infectious diseases among travellers and migrants in Europe, EuroTravNet 2010.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To investigate trends in travel-associated morbidity with particular emphasis on emerging infections with the potential for introduction into Europe, diagnoses of 7,408 returning travellers presenting to 16 EuroTravNet sites in 2010 were compared with 2008 and 2009. A significant increase in reported Plasmodium falciparum malaria (n=361 (6% of all travel-related morbidity) vs. n=254 (4%) and 260 (5%); p<0.001), P. vivax malaria (n=51 (1%) vs. n=31 (0.5%) and 38 (1%); p=0.027) and dengue fever (n=299 (5%) vs. n=127 (2%) and 127 (2%); p<0.001) was observed. Giardia lamblia was identified in 16% of patients with acute diarrhoea, with no significant annual variation. The proportion of acute diarrhoea due to Campylobacter increased from 7% in 2008 to 12% in 2010 (p=0.001). We recorded 121 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in 2010, a three-fold increase in the proportionate morbidity from 2008 to 2010. In 2010, 60 (0.8%) cases of chronic Chagas disease, 151 (2%) cases of schistosomiasis and 112 (2%) cases of cutaneous larva migrans were reported. Illness patterns in sentinel travellers, captured by EuroTravnet, continue to highlight the potential role of travellers in the emergence of infectious diseases of public health concern in Europe and the relevance of offering medical travel advice and enforcing specific and adequate prophylaxis.
Ryegrass Response to Mineral Fertilization and Organic Amendment with Municipal Solid Waste Compost in Two Tropical Agricultural Soils of Mali

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effect of mineral fertilization and compost on the growth and chemical composition of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) grown on two Malian agricultural soils coming from Baguineda, abbreviated as Bgda, (12degrees23'S, 7degrees45'W) and Gao (16degrees18'N, 0degrees). Treatments included non-fertilized control, NPK alone, NPK + C-25, NPK + C-50, NPK + C-100, PK + C-50, NK + C-50, NP + C-50, K + C-50, P + C-50, N + C-50, and C-50 alone, where NPK represents the non modified Hoagland's solution and C-25, C-50, and C-100 represent the different rates (25, 50, and 100 T/ha) of compost. Compost and mineral fertilization significantly increased dry matter production. The application of 50 T/ha of compost alone increased the dry matter yield by 10 and 17.5% while mineral nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) increased yield by 69.7 and 65% for Gao and Bgda, respectively. The combination of compost and mineral NPK (NPK + C-25 for Gao and NPK + C-50 for Bgda) affected the highest dry matter yield. For both soils, N concentrations in plants increased significantly with compost rate. Phosphorus and K concentrations in plants varied according to the soil. The application of compost increased the uptake of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and potassium (K from both soils). Increases in soil organic carbon, available P, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, K, and pH were observed in treatments receiving compost. Therefore, compost appeared to be a good supplier of nutrients for tropical soils.
Sensor Actuators

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Object movement during exposure generates blur. Removing blur is challenging because one has to estimate the motion blur, which can spatially vary over the image. Even if the motion is successfully identified, blur removal can be unstable because the blur kernel attenuates high frequency image contents. We address the problem of removing blur from objects moving at constant velocities in arbitrary 2D directions. Our solution captures two images of the scene with a parabolic motion in two orthogonal directions. We show that our strategy near-optimally preserves image content, and allows for stable blur inversion. Taking two images of a scene helps us estimate spatially varying object motions. We present a prototype camera and demonstrate successful motion deblurring on real motions. 1.
An Investigation into the Feasibility of using Distributed Digital Ledger technology for Digital Forensics for Industrial IoT

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The domain of Digital Forensics for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and the proposed use of a Distributed Digital Ledger (DDL), has for the most part been theoretical in nature within the current literature. The work in this paper explores the practical feasibility of using DDL technology for Digital Forensics in the IIOT context. We detail a new methodology for testing the performance of writing to and reading from a DDL in an IIOT environment, and present findings on the overhead associated with storing and retrieving IIoT transactions in a DDL. We conclude that while it is possible to build and use a DDL for storing IIoT transactions, there are limitations to the number of sensors that can be supported by a single implementation and the time it takes to retrieve transactions may be too high to be practical for Digital Forensics.
Research on Pharmacological Function of Ursolic Acid(II)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Object: in order to put forward the development of Ursolic Acid researching in medical field.Method:depending on the correlative experiments and referring to the related domestic and foreign literatures in recent years,then summing up with analyzing. Result:Ursolic Acid has such pharmacology activities as against hepatitis, tumor, HIV,reducing inflammation and blood fat.Conclusion: Ursolic Acid has its pharmacological function with less poisonous,and it is rich in source with a broad prospect for utilizing and developing.
How successful is judicial management in preventing liquidation?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Judicial Management Provisions were enacted on 15 May 1987 as Part VIllA of the Companies Act. These new provisions attempt to provide a means of protection as well as an alternative to companies that are in financial difficulties. Prior to this, a company that is experiencing financial troubles has only three alternatives, namely, liquidation, receivership or a compromise with the relevant parties. The main focus of this paper is to determine if judicial management has been able to achieve the purposes that were set out in the Act, particularly if it has indeed been a better alternative which helps to preserve the survival of an ailing company as a gomg concern. The other two objectives of judicial management, a scheme of arrangement that satisfies the requirement of s 210, and a more advantageous realisation of the company's assets, are also looked into briefly. From an analysis of the data gathered from the High Court of Singapore and the Registry of Companies and Businesses, it seems that no concrete conclusion can be made as the number of companies that survived after judicial management and those that did not are the same. Further information gathered from three judicial managers and relevant literature reviews reveals that there are six elements which are essential for the survival of a company that is under judicial management. They are viability of business, injection of funds, management's support, early recognition of problem, compromising creditors, and expertise of judicial managers. Side-effects faced during judicial management is also a factor to consider. Three companies that underwent judicial management were reviewed. These companies each emerged from the judicial management period in a different manner. Food Place Pte Ltd, a company that runs a food court, managed to preserve its going concern status. Vishtex Pte Ltd, which manufactured and exported track suits failed to survive. The third company, Electro Magnetic (S) Limited, dealing in video tapes was liquidated at the end of the judicial management period. However, its core business still continues operations, although under a different company. This is a special case which according to the definition of this paper, is a failure since the firm cannot maintain its going concern status. But, given that its business continues, it will be considered only as a technical failure. With all the information collected and the views held by the judicial managers, it seems that judicial management can be a better alternative to ailing companies. However, it is imperative that some/all of the six success factors must be present before judicial management can give full play to its functions.
Small-World Brain Networks Revisited

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

It is nearly 20 years since the concept of a small-world network was first quantitatively defined, by a combination of high clustering and short path length; and about 10 years since this metric of complex network topology began to be widely applied to analysis of neuroimaging and other neuroscience data as part of the rapid growth of the new field of connectomics. Here we review briefly the foundational concepts of graph theoretical estimation and generation of small-world networks. We take stock of some of the key developments in the field in the past decade and we consider in some detail the implications of recent studies using high-resolution tract-tracing methods to map the anatomical networks of the macaque and the mouse. In doing so, we draw attention to the important methodological distinction between topological analysis of binary or unweighted graphs, which have provided a popular but simple approach to brain network analysis in the past, and the topology of weighted graphs, which retain more biologically relevant information and are more appropriate to the increasingly sophisticated data on brain connectivity emerging from contemporary tract-tracing and other imaging studies. We conclude by highlighting some possible future trends in the further development of weighted small-worldness as part of a deeper and broader understanding of the topology and the functional value of the strong and weak links between areas of mammalian cortex.