jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Downlink performance and capacity of distributed antenna systems based on realistic channel model

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Recent academic studies of distributed antenna system (DAS) using a frequency-flat fading channel model show that DAS outperforms standard systems, where the base-station (BS) antenna elements are centralized at one location. In this paper the performance of a DAS under time-varying frequency-selective fading based on a realistic channel model is investigated. Specifically, we show that if we shift the hexagonal cellular layout in the conventional system and use sectorized antennas instead of omnidirectional antennas at each BS, the performance in terms of outage probability and outage capacity will improve by a large extent without a need for additional BS towers. The results show that with the same total transmit power and bandwidth DAS can reduce the inter-cell interference (ICI) in a multicell environment and improve the outage capacity especially near the cell boundary.
Distribution of Transfusion-transmitted Virus Genomic Groups in Blood Products

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background : Transfusion-transmitted virus (TTV) is a small DNA virus with single-stranded, closed circular, antisense genome infecting humans. The TTV has been classified into five major genomic groups 1-5. There have been a few studies on TTV prevalence in blood donors and blood products in Korea. However there have been no reports on the TTV genomic groups in Korea. The aim of this study was to gain information on TTV genomic groups in blood products in Korea. Methods : A total of 50 plasma samples from blood products (25 units each of red blood cell and whole blood) were tested. The samples are obtained from the segments of the blood products. TTV DNA was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with two sets of universal primers (A set and B set), and TTV genomic groups were determined using PCR with group specific primer sets. Results : TTV DNA was detected in 96% (48/50) of the blood products: the TTV genomic group 3 was found the most frequently (52%, 26/50), followed by group 4 (46%, 23/50), group 1 (20%, 10/50), group 5 (10%, 5/20), and group 2 (2%, 1/50). There were seven blood products (14%) infected with TTVs but their genomic groups were not identified with group specific primer sets. Among the blood products, 44% (22/50) were infected with a unique TTV genomic group; 38% (19/50) were coinfected with TTV from 2 (28%, 14/50) or 3 (10%, 5/50) genomic groups. Conclusions : Blood products are frequently infected with TTV and all five known genomic groups are detected in Korea.
Measurement of matter-antimatter differences in beauty baryon decays at LHCb

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Differences in the behaviour of matter and antimatter have been observed in $K$ and $B$ meson decays, but not yet in any baryon decay. \tSuch differences are associated with the non-invariance of fundamental interactions under the combined \tcharge-conjugation and parity transformations, known as $C\\!P$ violation. \tUsing data from the LHCb experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, a search is made for $C\\!P$-violating asymmetries \tin the decay angle distributions of $\\Lambda_b^0$ baryons decaying to $p\\pi^-\\pi^+\\pi^-$ and $p\\pi^-K^+K^-m$ final states. \tThese four-body hadronic decays \tare a promising place to search for sources of $C\\!P$ violation both within and beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. \tWe find evidence for $C\\!P$ violation in $\\Lambda_b^0$ to $p\\pi^-\\pi^+\\pi^-$ decays with a statistical significance \tcorresponding to 3.3 standard deviations including systematic uncertainties. \tThis represents the first evidence for $C\\!P$ violation in the baryon sector.
[Serological diagnosis of bovine leukosis using the agar gel diffusion test].

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Experiments were carried out to use the agar gel diffusion test (AGDT) in the study of bovine leukosis. An antigen was obtained from FLK-24 cells with a latent leukosis virus infection, which proved specific and suitable for AGDT. A total of 134 serum samples were examined applyig AGDT, for the presence of specific antibodies, originating from cattle of herds in which leukosis had been hematologically demonstrated. Investigated were also 56 sera of animals presenting an unknown clinical picture. Positive reaction was established in 70 per cent of the sera taken from herds with hematologically demonstrated leukosis. The specificity of AGDT was confirmed through establishing specific antibodies also in sera of lambs experimentally infected with a virus from a FBL-J 5 cell line with a latent infection. It is admitted that AGDT is a specific, sensitive, and readily applicable method, which can successfully be used in the diagnostics of leukosis in this country.
ENERGY-SAVING HYDRAULIC POWER SOURCE USING INVERTER-MOTOR DRIVE

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

From a view point of saving energy, power losses in hydraulic systems including power sources should be minimized as small as possible. In conventional hydraulic power units, the output power is adjusted by controlling a displacement of variable displacement pump to avoid a waste of excess power. In this study, it is proposed for adjustment of the output power that rotating speeds of a fixed displacement pump is controlled by making use of a inverter-motor drive. We apply a digital control scheme to the energy-saving hydraulic system. A pressure feedback control system and an estimated pressure feedback control system are discussed and the results are experimentally verified. Experimental results demonstrate that the studied systems are effective to save energy for constant pressure power sources.
Board 284: Exploring and Supporting Non-STEM Teachers’ Engineering Identity Development during Implementation of an Engineering Design Elective Course in Rural Middle Schools

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper will discuss the engineering identity development of two rural middle school teachers who are implementing an engineering design elective course while working in staff positions not specific to science, technology, engineering or mathematics (STEM) instruction within their schools. As an Innovative Technology Experiences for Students and Teachers (ITEST) project, this research-practice partnership (RPP) in advanced manufacturing engineering is designed to provide community-based engineering design experiences for underserved middle school students (grades 6-8) from rural NC. While one of the goals of this project is to improve non-cognitive outcomes (i.e., interest, self-efficacy, and STEM identity) and increase participation in engineering for students, a significant byproduct is the development of engineering identity of the middle school teachers. Rural schools face distinctive challenges in teacher recruitment and retention, particularly in STEM subjects. This project takes a unique approach to filling the gap in the limited number of STEM-qualified teachers in rural areas by providing professional development support for non-STEM teachers who are teaching the 3-part grade level specific engineering design elective course at their middle schools. Using a narrative inquiry approach, this paper will describe how an individualized professional development structure has impacted two non-STEM teachers as they teach the elective engineering course. Despite their limited STEM backgrounds, the teachers have developed a strong sense of engineering identity alignment through strategic, just-in-time professional development supported by K-12 outreach specialists, STEM content rooted in existing community industry assets and real-world experiences, and consistent administrative support for continued pedagogical and content knowledge development. Operationalizing teacher identity frameworks, this study has implications for engineering and teacher educators as well as community-engaged STEM outreach professionals in considering the importance of identity development opportunities for teachers within research-practice partnerships.
Child Resistant Packaging: Regulations and Effectiveness, 1980–2002

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Poisoning from household substances has been and continues to be a hazard to children under 5 years of age. In an effort to address this problem, the Poison Prevention Packaging Act (PPPA) of 1970 was enacted as of December 30, 1970. This act is a federally preemptive piece of legislation covering an ever expanding group of substances. The test methods used to establish compliance with the PPPA do not address the range of substances covered (e.g. liquids); the changing patterns of use of household substances such as increased use of liquid medications for children; or repeated access to and multiple reclosures of containers, as seen in the home situation. To examine the effectiveness of the PPPA in addressing actual poisonings in children under 5, national databases from 1980 through March 13, 2002 were examined. Reports mentioning the use of a CRC (child resistant container) were then analyzed. Assisted Access incidents involved an older child gaining access to the contents of a CRC and giving those contents to the younger victim. Transfer of Contents incidents involved ingestion of a substance that was originally packaged in a CRC and was transferred to a non-CRC The average age of children seen in hospitals is under 2, and fatalities due to Assisted Access and Transfer of Contents incidents were seen in children averaging under one year of age. These age ranges are below those of children used in CRC testing (3.5 to 4.25 years). More importantly, the average body weights — directly related to the susceptibility to poisoning injury — of children seen in hospitals is less than the 25 pound weight used to set toxicity thresholds by the PPPA. Training for children, the elderly, and parents would help increase awareness of Transfer of Contents and Assisted Access poisonings, which are disproportionately represented in fatal poisoning incidents of young children.
Cytogenetics in Animal Production

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Development of cytological techniquesover the last 20 yr enables accurate and detailed observations of the chromosomes of mammals and birds.Various applications for cytogenetic methodology in animal science research are suggested.Much of the pregnancy wastage in farm animals may be caused by abnormal chromosome complements of afflicted zygotes.To reduce embryonic loss, the causal bases of chromosomal abnormalities should be sought.Many therapeutic agents administered to animals, as well as herbicides, pesticides, feed additives, and other products mediate undesirable side effects.Karyological methods are useful to detect chromosomal damage or irregular mitosis or meiosis which are indicators of toxicity and carcinogenic activity.It is probable that polymorphisms of "banding patterns" of chromosomes are sufficiently widespread to enable identification of individual animals and authentication of pedigree.The study of relationships of animals within populations and among populations also will be enhanced by application of chromosome banding techniques to livestock.In animal breeding, cytogenetic methodology is applied to test assumptions of theory.New sources of genetic variation may be chromosome rearrangements, duplications, aneuploidy, and euploidy.When applied to cells in culture and combined with modern methods of molecular biology, cytogenetic technique can help discover new loci, assign genes to
ChemInform Abstract: Polymerization of α‐Hydroxy Acids by Ribosomes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Web-based interactive graph visualization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A graph refers to a collection of nodes which are connected by edges based on the relationships between the nodes. The Graphlyzer web application will be developed as a graph visualization tool to manipulate and analyze data. To build the web-based graph visualization application, we use the data visualization software D3.js to produce interactive and dynamic visualizations on web browsers. The various challenges faced during the design and implementation will be discussed and the solution of these challenges. To ensure the quality if the Graphlyzer web application, we discuss the types of testing used for the project. Finally, we look into the future improvements for Graphlyzer and conclude the project.
Introduction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Ghana's first prime minister and president, Dr. Kwame Nkrumah, was born in 1909 into the Nzima clan (a small subset of the Akan ethnic group) in Nkroful, a village in the south-western part of the country, which was known as the Gold Coast in colonial times. By the end of his life, he would become an iconic figure in world history and politics. In 2000, Africans who took the British Broadcasting Corporation's World Service Listener's Survey voted the Osagyefo1 "Man of the Millennium." In 2004, the readers of New African, an international Pan-Africanist magazine, voted Nkrumah as the "Second Greatest African" who ever lived, after Nelson Mandela. Moreover, the nation-state that Nkrumah led to independence in 1957 celebrated its golden jubilee of nationhood on March 6, 2007, the year coinciding with the 200th anniversary of the parliamentary act that abolished the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade in the British Empire. In addition to the debates among ordinary observers, scholars have also begun to review the history and achievements (or lack thereof) of this West African nation-state during the past 50 years.2 Nkrumah's track record and legacy in Ghana, Africa, and the world was especially pertinent, given that the centenary of his birth was marked in September 2009 in Ghana and other countries.3KeywordsNational IdentityNational CurrencyPostage StampNational FlagNational AnthemThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Etiology and predictors of cluster-attacks following the treatment of acute hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hereditary angioedema is a disease, which leads to recurrent swelling of the skin and mucous membranes including the upper airway tract. Besides being deadly, these attacks can be debilitating, leading to a poor quality of life for patients. Clinicians are occasionally confronted with patients who have recurrent attacks despite treatment with C1-Inhibtor concentration or a B2-Receptor Inhibitor. The goal this study is to investigate repeat attacks which re-occur within a week (“Cluster-Attacks”) after treatment, to determine why they occur and with what factors they may be associated with, and hereby prevent their occurrence.
Down Regulation of Chemerin and Resistin in Type II Diabetic Rats Treated With Silver Nanoparticles Synthetized Using Eryngium thyrsoideum Boiss Extract

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Introduction: Diabetes is related to the higher production of inflammatory markers such as chemerin and resistin. Hypoglycemic influences of Eryngium thyrsoideum Boiss and silver nanoparticles (SNPs) have been established. The present study investigated the impacts of chemically or biologically synthesized SNPs using E. thyrsoideum extract on chemerin and resistin gene expressions in type II diabetic rats. Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats weighing 180-200 g were used. Type 2 diabetes was induced by nicotinamide and streptozotocin. Saline and 2.5 mg/kg chemically or biologically synthesized SNPs were injected to diabetic rats for two weeks. Five healthy rats received saline for two weeks. One day after the last injection, fasting blood samples were collected. Mean serum concentrations of glucose, creatinine, urea, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured by spectrophotometry. The gene expression of chemerin and resistin was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Mean serum concentrations of glucose, urea, ALT, AST, and mean relative gene expression of chemerin and resistin remarkably decreased in the diabetic group receiving SNPs prepared by either the chemical method or using Eryngium extract compared to the diabetic control group. Serum creatinine concentration did not change significantly in the control diabetic or diabetic groups receiving SNPs prepared either chemically or using the Eryngium extract. Conclusion: Chemically or green synthesized SNPs prevent liver hepatocyte damage. They reduced inflammatory factors via exerting hypoglycemic effects.
Distributed Opportunistic Wireless Mapplicationing System towards Smart City Service Provision

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The knowledge of wireless signal distribution within an urban scenario can provide useful information to users as well as to enhance connectivity and device operation or to perform municipal logistics based on crowd density and user mobility patterns. In this work, a distributed wireless mapping system, based on a combination of opportunistic nodes such as smartphones which map geolocated WiFi access point connection and received power levels, and a cloud-based information gathering architecture is described. The proposed system has been tested in the framework of the Smart City platform of the city of Pamplona, providing signal distribution heat maps, which can be used for multiple municipal services.
Analysis of Mutual Electromagnetic Influence between Transmission Line and Buried Pipeline

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

As Chinese economy continues to grow, the demand for energy is growing, and transmission lines and gas pipeline construction are in rapid development. As the selecting principles of the power industry and the oil and gas industry on the transmission path are very similar, the parallel closeness and crossing between lines and pipelines occur occasionally, and the impact of transmission lines on oil and gas pipelines has become increasingly prominent. In order to analyze the electromagnetic effect of the 330kV dual channel (two parallel single circuit erected) AC transmission lines on the adjacent oil and gas transmission pipeline, the electromagnetic environment of the oil and gas transmission pipeline adjacent to a 330 kV AC transmission line was carried out by Ansoft software.
Role of Blended Learning on Bangladeshi EFL Teachers’ Pedagogical Performance in the Covid-19 Pandemic

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The research focuses on the role of blended learning on Bangladeshi EFL teachers' pedagogical performance in the Covid-19 pandemic. The research is designed on this topic because my country, Bangladesh, is struggling with her educational management in this pandemic, where blended learning can be an appropriate solution. As I am an EFL teacher, I have thought from an EFL perspective to present an effective result. The research is conducted using a five-point Likert scale item for the exploration of the impact of blended learning during this pandemic. Three open-ended questions are set to elicit the opinions of the participants, all of whom have an EFL background, especially EFL teachers. This paper examines the impact of blended learning on EFL teachers in Bangladesh during this pandemic. The finding of the research helps overcome the ongoing critical situation, which Bangladesh is struggling with in her education sector.
The new trend for digital record management in Bangladesh University Libraries

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the present practicing situation of DRM in the university libraries of Bangladesh. The more particular objectives are: to identify the present preservation scenario of DRM; to find out the problems of DRM which are facing archivists for long term preservation; to identify the necessary tools and technologies for DRM; to explore the ways to overcome the existing problems.\nDesign/Methodology/Approach: Survey methods were used for gathering data using a well-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent to the respondents of some selected public and private universities in Bangladesh.\nFindings: The findings revealed that there are some hindrances to practice DRM, such as lack of stable preservation software, shortage of skilled IT personnel, allocation of insufficient budget, shortage of digital records, lack of proper training of library professionals and provided some suitable suggestions such allocation of adequate fund, infrastructure development, recruitment of IT knowledgeable professionals, the simplicity of the intellectual property act, the willingness of authority regarding the implementation of DRM, frequently training arrangements for library professionals for the advancement of DH in the university libraries of Bangladesh.\n6. Originality/value: The insights and views of the respondents regarding DRM tools and technologies obtained from this study are original and unique.
Iron isotopes in the early marine diagenetic iron cycle

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Measurements of Fe oxyhydroxides [reactive Fe(III)] in two shallow sediment profiles from reducing and oxic environments on the Arabian Sea margin demonstrate Fe isotope fractionation during early marine diagenesis. Reactive Fe(III) has δ56Fe values between -0.77‰ and -0.19‰. Values are lowest at the top of the sediment profile and considerably lower than bulk sediment Fe (δ56Fe ≈ 0‰). Preferential reduction and dissolution of light Fe isotopes during diagenesis leaves behind an increasingly smaller and heavier reactive Fe(III) residual. Initially, the isotopic composition of reactive Fe(III) evolves down-core according to the fractionation factor typical of microbial dissimilatory Fe reduction. Deeper in the profile, δ56Fe values remain unchanged despite further Fe reduction. Here, another process with a different fractionation factor becomes dominant, probably reduction by dissolved sulfide. The δ56Fe of the residual reactive Fe(III) suggests that ∼25% of the initially present reactive Fe(III) was reduced by microbial Fe reduction. When Fe is diagenetically recycled between reducing sediments at depth and an oxic top layer, the process, depending on recycling efficiency, may result in the accumulation of light Fe in the top layer while the complementary heavier residual is buried. Fe diffusing from the seafloor back into the ocean should reflect the low-δ56Fe diagenetic source of dissolved Fe.
[Prognosis with different therapeutic methods and therapeutic recommendations in operable breast cancers].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Breast carcinoma is the most frequent form of cancer in women. In Switzerland 1265 women died of it in 1975, the mortality rate is rising slowly, the cause of this fact being unclear. There is no uniformity about the best treatment of breast cancer. We analyzed 454 carcinomas, operated in the years 1961--1971 after Halsted, Patey and McWhirter. We found similar 5- and 10-year survival rates with the Halsted and the Patey method of operation, however, decidedly worse results with the simple mastectomy. Nowadays we recommend the modified radical excision of the breast after Patey at all stages; in addition we treat all patients with postoperative X-ray therapy or prescribe an adjuvant cytostatic therapy based on the experimental study of the SAKK (Swiss Therapy Group for Clinical Cancer Research).