jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Some Aspects of 1985 Deregulation of Petroleum

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper discusses the impacts of the Western Accord on the movement of petroleum from wellhead to market. Specific matters dealt with include: pricing; various intra-Alberta concerns such as prorationing. the role of the Alberta Petroleum Marketing Commission and the position of operators, and extra-Alberta concerns such as the export of petroleum, pipeline movement; and the role of governments.
Enhancing end-of-life quality metrics: The role of palliative care in a community oncology practice.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

85 Background: As value-based payment (VBP) models expand in oncology, care teams adopt innovative strategies to improve outcomes, enhance patient experience, and meet evolving quality metrics (QMs). These changes require reassessing traditional population health QMs to ensure they reflect current practices and continue to incentivize care improvements. End-of-life care is one area where timely access to hospice remains inconsistent—especially in rural and underserved communities—and often outside oncology practices' direct control. Additionally, advances like immunotherapy, which may be well tolerated near end-of-life, challenge the hospice model as the sole supportive care option. NCCN and ASCO guidelines recommend early palliative care in advanced cancers, and many community oncology practices now integrate palliative care-to provide longitudinal, goal-concordant care that supports quality of life throughout treatment. Including palliative care receipt in end-of-life QMs offers a more nuanced, equitable way to evaluate care, ensuring patients receive needed support regardless of geography or treatment stage. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of Enhancing Oncology Model (EOM) episodes in Performance Periods 1 and 2 (PP1 and PP2) for patients attributed to Tennessee Oncology, a large community-based practice with embedded palliative care-trained APPs and physicians. The analysis focused on EOM Quality Measure 2 (QM2): the proportion of patients who died and were enrolled in hospice for at least three days before death. To assess the impact of embedded palliative care, we recalculated QM2 with a modified numerator including patients who either enrolled in hospice at least three days before death or had a documented palliative care evaluation and management (E&M) visit at least three days before death, divided by all patients who died during the episode. Results: Among 2,135 unique patients attributed to PP1 and PP2, 335 died within their episode timelines. Of these, 47.7% (n = 160) were admitted to hospice, and 34.9% (n = 117) were referred to hospice at least three days before death. When including patients with palliative care E&M visits at least three days before death, the recalculated QM2 increased to 52.8% (n = 177), reflecting a 17.9 percentage point improvement in performance by incorporating palliative care interventions. Conclusions: Access to palliative care is critical to improving outcomes, patient satisfaction, and reducing costs. However, common VBP metrics do not fully capture innovations in palliative care delivery within community oncology. Future VBP models should recognize and incentivize these innovations through updated quality measures that are consistent with guidelines.
DCV:a decision-centered visualization system for time-critical applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Users of information systems in time-critical domains are under constant pressure to digest and process information that is vital for their task. Thus, the user needs efficient information visualization that avoids displaying information that is not vital at the moment. Decision-centered visualization is an adaptive, interactive visualization system that supports decision making by integrating domain knowledge and knowledge about human decision making with an interactive visualization architecture. An important facet of this system is the representation of the underlaying domain knowledge. We will first describe the main modules and the main structures of the knowledge representation of the DCV system. We then describe how DCV uses the represented domain knowledge to guide the information visualization in time-critical applications.
B Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) Is Expressed in Human Adipocytes In Vivo and Is Related to Obesity but Not to Insulin Resistance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Inflammation and metabolism have been shown to be evolutionary linked and increasing evidence exists that pro-inflammatory factors are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Until now, most data suggest that within adipose tissue these factors are secreted by cells of the innate immune system, e. g. macrophages. In the present study we demonstrate that B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) is increased in human obesity. In contrast to several pro-inflammatory factors, we found the source of BLyS in human adipose tissue to be the adipocytes rather than immune cells. In grade 3 obese human subjects, expression of BLyS in vivo in adipose tissue is significantly increased (p<0.001). Furthermore, BLyS serum levels are elevated in grade 3 human obesity (862.5+222.0 pg/ml vs. 543.7+60.7 pg/ml in lean controls, p<0.001) and are positively correlated to the BMI (r = 0.43, p<0.0002). In the present study, bariatric surgery significantly altered serum BLyS concentrations. In contrast, weight loss due to a very-low-calorie-formula-diet (800 kcal/d) had no such effect. To examine metabolic activity of BLyS, in a translational research approach, insulin sensitivity was measured in human subjects in vivo before and after treatment with the human recombinant anti-BLyS antibody belimumab. Since BLyS is known to promote B-cell proliferation and immunoglobulin secretion, the present data suggest that adipocytes of grade 3 obese human subjects are able to activate the adaptive immune system, suggesting that in metabolic inflammation in humans both, innate and adaptive immunity, are of pathophysiological relevance.
RmcA controls c-di-GMP levels and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas species in response to L-Arginine

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Bacteria can form organized community called biofilm allowing them to colonize the surfaces and to resist antimicrobial treatments and host defenses. The second messenger 3’-5’cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP) controls biofilm formation, maintenance, and dispersion in response to environmental signals, including nutrients and stressors. The intracellular levels of c-di-GMP are controlled by the rate of its synthesis and degradation, regulated by diguanylate cyclases (GGDEF signature) and phosphodiesterase (EAL and HD- GYP signatures), respectively. Among nutrients, Arginine represents one key metabolite in biofilm formation being at the crossroad of many metabolic processes. Moreover, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Arginine is the substrate for ATP production under low O2 levels and plays a key role in chronic infections, biofilm and antibiotic resistance. RmcA (Redox modulator of c-di-GMP) is a multidomain phosphodiesterase that links redox conditions to colony morphogenesis in P. aeruginosa, by modulating levels of c-di-GMP and wrinkling phenotype in response to phenazine availability. RmcA is a membrane protein composed by a periplasmic VFT domain, a transmembrane helix, four Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domains that are responsible for the periplasmic signal transduction to the catalytic moiety (GGDEF-EAL). RmcA is involved in biofilm maintenance pathway of P. aeruginosa, and the characterization of this protein is important to gain details of the molecular mechanism in terms of electron perceiving and nutrient sensing to finally control c-di-GMP consumption activity and treat chronic infection. Moreover, understanding mechanism involved in biofilm maintenance is relevant also in biotechnology field. In this thesis we have contributed to gain mechanistic details on the RmcA-based signal transduction by reaching three main goals: 1) The characterization of cytosolic portion of RmcA (cRmcA). I have found that RmcA regulates its phosphodiesterase activity by detecting the intracellular redox potential FAD/ FADH2 via the PASd domain. 2) The RmcA control via VFT domain in response to arginine. I have isolated the membrane protein and in vitro obtained the transduction of the periplasmic signal to the catalytic portion, resulting in the regulation of the phosphodiesterase activity in response to arginine. 3) The effect of RmcA in controlling P. putida metabolism in response to arginine. I have developed a novel approach for measuring the bacterial energy metabolism; the ΔrmcA mutant is affected by Arginine when it is the only carbon source.
Correlation between Fractographic Features Caused by Impact Load and Microstructure : SS 41

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The fractographic features of the fracture surfaces caused by impact loads and the correlation between the features and the underlying microstructures are studied. The specimens of structual steel SS41 are broken off by a gun-type impact testing machine or Charpy impact testing machine at various impact velocities. The fracture surfaces are observed and photographed using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and then plated electrolytically with nickel. The specimens are cut on a plain perpendicular to the fracture surface. The cross sections are polished and etched. The optical photomicrograph of the section reveals the profile of the surface and the underlying microstructure without any edge rounding. Matching the SEM photographs to the optical micrographs, the correlation between the fractographic features and the microstructures is discussed.
Immediate causes of death in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We evaluated the immediate causes of death in 54 adults who underwent an autopsy and were diagnosed as having died of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome between April 1980 and October 1983. The study group included 25 Haitians, 19 homosexual men, five intravenous drug abusers, two hemophiliacs (type A), and three with no known risk. Fourteen died of central nervous system diseases: 11 of Toxoplasma encephalitis, one of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, one of viral encephalitis, and one of intracerebral hemorrhage. Thirty died of respiratory failure; 16 of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, ten of cytomegalovirus pneumonia, one of multiple infections, one of interstitial pneumonia, and two of bacterial pneumonia. Two died of overwhelming generalized infections: one of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare and one of listeriosis. Six died of disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma, while the remaining two persons died of Toxoplasma myocarditis (one) and one of shock resulting from a percutaneous liver biopsy, respectively. There were differences in the immediate causes of death between Haitians and homosexuals as follows: 63% of homosexual men died of either P carinii pneumonia or Kaposi's sarcoma vs 20% of Haitians. In contrast, 72% of Haitians died of other opportunistic infections as compared with 21% of homosexuals. There has not been an increase in the proportion of cases diagnosed premortem since 1982 and overall, only 32 (58%) were diagnosed premortem; the rest were diagnosed only at autopsy. This study provided evidence that 42% died of currently untreatable diseases.
Surface reactions in the atomic layer epitaxy of GaAs using monoethylarsine

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The use of monoethylarsine (MEAs) as an arsine alternative source in GaAs atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) is studied. We use x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and reflection high- energy electron diffraction (RHEED) to characterize the surface reactions of MEAs on GaAs(001) Ga-rich surfaces. At substrate temperatures between 320 and 540 °C, no carbon-related species are observed. At Ts=320 °C and an exposure of 100 L of MEAs, AsHx (x=1 or 2) is thought to be the adsorbed arsenic species. However, arsenic atoms are formed if a longer exposure time or a larger injection level is applied. As the substrate temperature increases As-rich surfaces are readily obtained with an improved RHEED 2×4 pattern. Two reaction steps are proposed. It is suggested that the reaction leading to AsHx species is the rate-limiting step. AsHx pairs react to form arsenic atoms by H2 release. Judging from the existence of intermediate AsHx species and the easier cleavage of As-ethyl bond, MEAs is believed to be a promising candidate as an arsenic source in GaAs ALE.&lt;lz&gt; &lt;lz&gt;
Studying a Face Search Method Based On the Idea of Sparse Data Representation by Generating Random Points

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The article discusses a method for extracting features from digital images, based on the idea of a sparse representation of data by generating random points on images with a face.The article shows the connection of this method with the stochastic Monte Carlo algorithm. Experiments results on the selection of system parameters to increase recognition accuracy are reflected in the article.The conducted research can be used in the development of real recognition systems based on brightness values pixel values as features.
Stability and Dynamics of Axially Moving Unidirectional Plates Partially Immersed in a Liquid

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The stability and dynamics of an axially moving unidirectional plate partially immersed in a liquid and subjected to a nonlinear aerodynamic excitation are investigated. The method of singular functions is adopted to study the dynamic characteristics of the unidirectional plates with discontinuous characteristics. Nonlinearities due to large-amplitude plate motions are considered by using the classical nonlinear thin plate theory, with allowance for the effect of viscous structural damping. The velocity potential and Bernoulli's equation are used to describe the fluid pressure acting on the unidirectional plate. The effect of fluid on the vibrations of the plate may be equivalent to added mass of the plate. The formulation of added mass is obtained from kinematic boundary conditions of the plate–fluid interfaces. The system is discretized by Galerkin's method while a model involving two degrees of freedom, is adopted. Attention is focused on the behavior of the system in the region of dynamic instability, and several motions are found by numerical simulations. The effects of the moving speed and some other parameters on the dynamics of the system are also investigated. It is shown that chaotic motions can occur in this system in several certain regions of parameter space.
Gregory Allen Olson. Mansfield and Vietnam: A Study in Rhetorical Adaptation. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press. 1995. Pp. xi, 349. $39.95

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Gregory Allen Olson. Mansfield and Vietnam: A Study in Rhetorical Adaptation. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press. 1995. Pp. xi, 349. $39.95 Get access Olson Gregory Allen. Mansfield and Vietnam: A Study in Rhetorical Adaptation. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press. 1995. Pp. xi, 349. $39.95. Walter L. Hixson Walter L. Hixson University of Akron Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 102, Issue 3, June 1997, Page 923, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/102.3.923 Published: 01 June 1997
Valuation of Online Game Developers Using Real Options Analysis : the Case of Korea

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

최근들어 온라인게임 개발사에 대한 투자가 활발해짐에 따라 상용화 이전 단계의 온라인 게임 개발사에 대한 투자도 본격적으로 진행되고 있으나, 이들 업체들은 기술적 불확실성 및 시장 불확실성이 매우 높기 때문에 고전적인 가치평가 방법으로는 한계가 존재한다. 따라서, 이러한 불확실성을 효과적으로 반영할 수 있는 실물옵션 방법론을 적용하여야 한다. 이를 블루홀스튜디오의 실제 투자 사례에 대해 적용한 결과, 실물옵션 방법론이 고전적인 가치평가 방법에 비해 더 효과적으로 시장 가치를 설명하며, 실물옵션 방법론 중에서도 MAD(Market Asset Disclaimer) 방법이 더 효과적임을 사례연구를 통해 실증하였다.
An empirical study of working memory, personality, and second language construction learning

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract The study presented in this chapter investigated the role of individual differences in construction learning under different conditions of partial repetition. Ninety participants were exposed to an artificial system of noun-suffix constructions under one of three incidental learning conditions, which either repeated nouns across consecutive trials, repeated suffixes across consecutive trials, or contained no repetition across consecutive trials. It was hypothesized that: (a) working memory (WM) and (b) openness would predict L2 construction learning, and that (c) the influence of WM would be stronger in the absence of repetition, while (d) intellect would be associated with attention to form. The results indicated that participants learned the artificial system, with no differences between conditions. Measures of WM and openness correlated positively and significantly with untrained (i.e. generalization) test scores. Mixed-effects binominal regression models revealed significant effects for WM, but showed no interactions between condition and WM. Intellect was significantly related to a measure of attention. In sum, this study provides additional evidence that WM fosters generalization and further suggests that the distinction between openness and intellect may be useful for understanding novel second language learning.
Laser-induced synthesis of bi-metallic core–shell nanoparticles and their catalytic activity analysis

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This research demonstrates a direct two-stage approach for synthesizing bimetallic core–shell nanoparticles (NPs). In the first stage, monometallic Au and Pt NPs were synthesized utilizing 1064 nm nanosecond laser ablation in liquid. In the subsequent stage, the Au/Pt substrate housed in the Au/Pt colloidal solution was subjected to the same 1064 nm nanosecond laser irradiation, yielding Au@Pt and Pt@Au core–shell NPs. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were utilized to examine the structural and morphological features of the synthesized NPs. The results confirmed the formation of highly crystalline, spherical, and well-dispersed Au and Pt NPs, as well as Pt@Au and Au@Pt core–shell NPs. Optical analysis revealed that the bimetallic core–shell Pt@Au and Au@Pt NPs exhibit distinct localized surface plasmon resonance peaks, with Pt showing a redshift and Au a blueshift compared to their monometallic counterparts, demonstrating the core–shell structure rather than alloy formation. In addition, the near-field enhancement and plasmonic behavior of Au@Pt and Pt@Au core–shell NPs were visualized and analyzed via finite-difference time-domain simulation. The results demonstrate that highly localized field enhancement at the metal interface significantly controls charge transfer dynamics and catalytic activity. The catalytic performance of the NPs was assessed by organic dye degradation tests with methylene blue, 10 −5 M and methylene orange, 10 −5 M in the presence of NaBH 4 . Bimetallic core–shell NPs demonstrated superior catalytic efficiency compared to monometallic NPs. Particularly, Pt@Au core–shell nanocatalyst demonstrated more efficient catalytic activity than Au@Pt core–shell NPs. These findings highlight the potential of laser-fabricated bimetallic core–shell NPs for advanced catalytic and plasmonic applications.
Clinical and radiographic evaluation of early loaded narrow diameter implants – 1‐year follow‐up

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective To evaluate the clinical performance of A stra T ech O sseo S peed™ TX 3.0 S implants using one‐stage surgical procedure and early loading in the anterior region. Material and methods This is a prospective, single arm, multi‐centre study. Patients missing teeth at positions 12, 22 and 32–42 were eligible to enter the study. The implants ( O sseo S peed™ TX 3.0 S ) used in the study were of 3 mm diameter and of different lengths. One‐stage surgery was performed, and healing abutments were used during the 6–10 weeks healing period. Clinical and radiographic examinations were assessed at implant installation, loading and at the 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up visits. Results Ninety‐seven implants were placed in 69 patients at six different study centres in D enmark, G ermany, I taly, S pain, S weden and the U nited K ingdom. The survival rate was 95.9%. No implants have been lost after loading (100% survival rate after loading). Mean marginal bone loss 1 year after installation was 0.065 mm ( SD = 1.018). The frequency of bone loss ≥1 mm was 6.6% and 51.3% of the implants demonstrated no bone loss or even bone gain from the surgical visit to the first year follow‐up visit. Mean probing pocket depth and gingival zenith score were stable from crown placement to the 6‐ and 1‐year follow‐up visits. Conclusion Treatment with O sseo S peed™ TX 3.0 S implants is a safe and predictable option in the anterior region where physical space is limited. Minimal marginal bone loss was observed during the first year follow‐up.
Making Care (Multiple) in Maputo: Situating “Global” Health in the City

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

What happens if we center our analyses of medical care in the city, not the clinic? How are care and medicine made in Maputo, Mozambique? While critical studies of global health have unpacked the global power dynamics that shape the provision of care, these analyses often remain centered in clinical spaces. This paper examines the multiple relations of health, medicine, and the city through which women fashion care for themselves and for loved ones in Maputo, Mozambique. Asking what analyses of care emerge when we begin from the city, not the clinic, the paper shows how care is constituted through and by multiple practices of healing, religious practice, biomedical intervention, and relations of friendship and kinship among women. Clinicians and patients, it shows, work across and between ontological and relational worlds to fashion possibilities for care and well-being. This work demonstrates the power of feminist STS approaches for analyses of health and medicine that are rooted not in pre-determined medical places (such as clinics or laboratories) but in multiple, contested, and dynamic relations. Building on approaches from feminist and postcolonial accounts of science and medicine, (Harding 2009, Hecht 2002, Langwick 2011, Mavhunga 2012, Pollock and Subramaniam 2016) the paper explores the ontologies, epistemologies, and relations of care that emerge from situated and nonclinical places rather than from spaces and practices of global health. Ultimately, this paper argues that bringing situated ethnographic perspectives together with feminist approaches to care can productively unsettle the stabilizing universalisms that underpin anthropological analyses of care and health.
Antinutrient and Sugar Type Effect on Structure and Maillard Reaction of Bovine Serum Albumin Submitted to Mild Heating

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Maillard reaction (MR) monitoring is important in food processing and new material development for protein–carbohydrate conjugates. This work aimed to investigate the antinutrient (AN; phytic acid, tannic acid, and saponin) and sugar type (glucose, fructose, and xylose) effect on the bovine serum albumin (BSA) structure and thermal behavior. Circular dichroism, fluorescence, UV–vis spectrophotometry, and differential scanning calorimetry were used to evaluate protein structure and MR. Results showed that all ANs impact protein's secondary and tertiary structure of glycated BSA. Tannic acid and saponin decreased the absorbance of BSA and sugar mixtures, showing their MR inhibition ability. Phytic acid presents a small impact on the BSA structure; however, a catalytic effect on MR is observed by the browning of the samples. Both antinutrients and BSA changed the thermal behavior of the evaluated sugars in solid-state mixtures. These results may help to understand the sugar type and antinutrient role in the BSA behavior observed during heating.