jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Computer-Aided Alignment Of A Wide-Field, Three-Mirror, Unobscured, High-Resolution Sensor

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Santa Barbara Research Center has been exploring the technology related to the design, tolerance, and alignment of wide-field, all-reflecting sensors for multispectral earth observation. The goals of this study are to design an optical system with reduced fabrication risks, to develop a detailed tolerance budget, and to demonstrate our ability to align the system to a tolerance of 0.05 waves rms, at 0.6328 microns. The optical system is a three-mirror, unobscured telescope. It is telecentric and flat field over 15 degrees at F/4.5, and achieves diffraction-limited imagery at visible wavelengths. A separate paper 1 describes the design and error budget approach for the telescope. This paper reports on the effort that led to the alignment of a scaled, prototype optical system. The approach used interferometric measurements of the wavefront at multiple field points and a computer alignment algorithm to define the rigid-body adjustments of the mirrors to achieve the alignment goal.
One-stage hip reconstruction with Dega's transiliacal osteotomy in the treatment of congenital hip dislocation in children.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Results of surgical treatment of the congenital dislocation of the hip in 40 children (2-5 years) are presented. The mean observation period was 8 years. 80% of very good and good results were obtained in the included material. One-stage hip reposition -reconstruction with Dega's transiliacal osteotomy, applied to children of 2-3 years, gives positive results, adding to further development of the hip joint.
Subsocial behaviour and biology of some Mexican membracid bugs

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract. 1. Observations were made in Mexico on the subsocial behaviour and biology of some membracids. An attempt was made to quantify the amount of violence to which the female of Bilimekia broomfieldi could be subjected without causing it to abandon its eggs or larvae. 2. The brooding behaviour of females of different species can be very dissimilar, even within the same genus, e.g. Polyglypta. 3. The females of many species exhibit a striking reversal of behaviour when they begin to tend eggs. When not tending eggs or larvae they take evasive action, often flying away, when a large predator approaches closely. However, once they are brooding the female stays with the eggs when a large predator approaches and may behave in a manner that in a higher animal might be described as a purposeful counter‐attack. 4. Brooding females of Bilimekia broomfieldi were killed and other brooding females were used as surrogate mothers for the orphaned eggs and larvae. The surrogate mothers appeared to behave towards the strange eggs and larvae as if they had been their own. 5. Observations were made on the way in which some membracids defend themselves against attacks by ants. 6. During development, membracids of most species undergo morphological colour changes. The significance of the change from black aposematic in first instar larvae to bright yellow and black aposematic in later instars, a change which appears not to be reversed in any species, is discussed. 7. The aposematic pattern of the larvae of some species of both Membracis and Acanophora partly consists of a white encrustation secreted in patches or stripes over the epicuticle. The encrustation reflects ultraviolet light, so perhaps the aposematic pattern confers some protection against other insects as well as vertebrates. 8. A new species of membracid, Bilimeki broomfieldi , is described.
Not everything it looks like is! - regarding a case of pulmonary embolization.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pulmonary nodules are more frequent nowadays due to CT accuracy. Septic pulmonary embolization is a rare but serious disease. The common causes include intravenous drug use, infective endocarditis, presence of intravascular dispositive such as catheters, pacemakers, periodontal abscess, purulent infection of the skin and soft tissues, liver abscess and less frequent pneumonia. \n \nAuthors document a case of an 85-year-old female, admitted to investigating bilateral pulmonary metastasis identified by thoracic CT. During hospitalization she presented fever and respiratory insufficiency, a thoracentesis revealed an empyema and she underwent antibiotic therapy for six weeks with partial recovery. \nPatients with septic pulmonary embolism who require critical care, especially those with pneumonia and liver abscess, are associated with high mortality. Early diagnosis, appropriate antibiotic therapy and respiratory support are essential.
Criteria for Psychological Evaluation of Legally Relevant Emotional States of Defendants: Methodological Recommendations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The paper discusses a multivariate classification of the concept of “heat of passion” as it is used in forensic psychology, as well as emotional reactions and emotional states. It explores the criteria for differential diagnosis of “heat of passion” and emotional states that have a significant effect on the defendant's consciousness and behavior at the time of committing a crime. An algorithm of forensic psychological evaluation of the defendant's emotional states is proposed, together with examples of sample wording of expert conclusions, and their legal meaning.
Modified technique of end to side distal radio-cephalic shunt to overcome juxta-anastomotic stenosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Juxta-anastomotic stenosis (JAS) is one of the predominant causes of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure, with the reported incidence of 65%, so that technical modification to alter the outflow vein configuration using the modified technique has been applied to prevent JAS and improve AVF maturation. The aim of the study to evaluate the modified technique of end-to-side distal radiocephalic A-V fistula regarding maturation, patency rate and the resultant juxta-anastomotic stenosis.Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 80 patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) at vascular surgery unit in general surgery department, Menoufia university hospital that prepared for dialysis. 40 patients "intervention group" underwent the modified technique to establish a functioning radiocephalic fistula; the other group (40 patients, control group) had the conventional technique of end to side radiocephalic fistula. Follow up of patients was over 6 months regarding function, patency rate and development of juxta-anastomotic stenosis.Results: There was statistically significant difference between 2 groups regarding primary failure, patency and JAS. Primary failure was detected in 2 patients in group A and in 5 patients in group B (p-value is 0.04). Considering patency rate, after 3 months the ratio between group A and group B was 37:34 with significant P value of 0.02, and after 6 months the ratio was 35:33 with P value of 0.03. Regarding JAS, by the end of follow up period, 4 patients diagnosed with JAS in group A, while group B had 8 patients, with p value of 0.01.Conclusions: Modified technique of end to side anastomosis for primary radio-cephalic fistula creation has better patency rate and low incidence of JAS than conventional method.
Effects of Eight-Week High-Intensity Interval Training on Aerobic Performance, Lipid Profile, and Hematological Indices in Overweight Adolescents

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Research on the effects of interval training on lipid profile and hematological indices is limited. Objectives: Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on aerobic performance, body composition, lipid profile, and hematological indices in overweight adolescents. Methods: Thirty overweight boys (13 - 16 years) participated in this study and were randomly divided into three groups, including the control (n = 10), HIIT (n = 10), and MICT (n = 10) groups. HIIT training (4 × 4-minute) was performed with an intensity of 95 - 85% of maximum heart rate, and MICT training (35-minute) was performed with an intensity of 70 - 60% of maximum heart rate, three sessions per week for eight weeks. Beep test and ELISA technique were used to measure aerobic performance, lipid profile, and hematological indices, respectively. The two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to determine the differences with a confidence interval of 95% (α = 0.05). Results: The results showed that except for the variables of glucose, triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), all other variables in the HIIT group had a significant change compared to the pre-test (P < 0.05). Also, the results showed that there was a significant difference between the HIIT and control groups in fat percentage, VO2Max, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), iron, and hemoglobin value (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that HIIT training can be as effective as continuous strategy training to reduce the risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease in overweight adolescents.
Metoclopramide in young children.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

myocardial infarction so that any arrhythmia that developed could be treated promptly.However, there is evidence that hospital care may actually cause some of the arrhythmias that then have to be treated.More than 20 years ago Dr Klaus Jarvinen' observed that a disproportionate number of patients dying in hospital after acute myocardial infarction did so during or shortly after ward rounds.That interaction with hospitals and staff can significantly affect a patient's heart rate and rhythm is also well documented.2Although no one would suggest that there is no place for specialised coronary care units it is tempting to speculate that they have to be so well equipped and expertly staffed to compensate for the arrhythmias precipitated by the fear and isolation experienced by a patient in hospital.A study comparing the incidence of arrhythmias after myocardial infarction at home and in hospital would be most interesting.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Mammals in the collection of Zoological Museum of NSNHM (the National Science and Natural History Museum at the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv): Muridae..

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Mammals in the collection of Zoological Museum of NSNHM (the National Science and Natural History Museum at the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv): Muridae.". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, https://bionomia.net/dataset/db908fac-ed42-407e-817c-3f10ce74a28e using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, https://gbif.org/dataset/db908fac-ed42-407e-817c-3f10ce74a28e. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Cluster Formation in Vitro by Mouse Spleen Cells and Sheep Erythrocytes

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Summary The primary injection of sheep erythrocytes into young adult mice was followed by the appearance in the spleen of distinct populations of immunocytes secreting specific antibody. Different types of immunocytes were recognized by the properties of the antibody produced, i.e., the ability to lyse erythrocytes in agar gel directly and indirectly upon facilitation (plaque-forming cells), and the ability to agglutinate erythrocytes in liquid medium (cluster-forming cells). The optimal conditions for enumeration of cluster-forming cells were established. The number of cluster-forming cells in the spleens was much greater than that of plaque-forming cells, and the kinetics of appearance were different. Furthermore, previous cluster formation in liquid suspension did not influence the subsequent appearance of hemolytic plaques in agar gel by the same spleen cell preparation. The plaques developed around immunocytes other than the cluster-forming cells. It was concluded that cluster-forming cells and plaque-forming cells are engaged in the exclusive production of hemagglutinins and hemolysins, respectively.
The Economic Influence on Consumers Buying Behavior in Islamic Countries: Evidence from the COVID-19 Economic Crisis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic has ushered in a new age in the world. We are still grappling with the implications in various areas of our everyday lives. The impulsive buying habits of consumers, the supply chain, and the whole industry are not exceptions. Consumers and supply chains were both unprepared during the early stages of the novel coronavirus pandemic. The procurement of utilitarian products was referred to as panic buying. The study examined using exploratory studies on several individuals in the eight selected Islamic countries who have been panic buying in coronavirus-affected areas and have faced regional constraints. The data apply on exploratory factor analysis (EFA) in eight selected Islamic countries, three hundred sample finally selected, and a good number of volunteers supported in this study. The results have shown that a drastic financial effect on the economy where purchasing power and remittance inflow declined, inflation goes up and precaution for lockdown, whereas impulsive buying goods tendency increased due to misinformation, and panic buying immensely impact in the economy. The decision-making process has shifted, preventing financial burdening, rising saving patterns, and unwelcoming unhealthy consumption. Moreover, visible psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. These studies concluded with a policy recommendation providing the results.
Impact of heart rate on systolic heart failure incidence inpatients with acute myocardial infarction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:By meta analysis,we determined the influence of heart rate on systolic heart failure incidence in Chinese population with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Method:A comprehensive collection of an epidemiological study published domestically on the relationship between resting heart rate and left ventricular systolic function in AMI patients,was carried out,for making the meta analysis by using RevMan software with fixed effects model and random effects model.We calculated the odds ratio(OR) of systolic heart failure risk of AMI patients in slow heart rate group relative to quick heart rate group,evaluated the influence of heart rate level with AMI on occurrence of heart failure,and analyzed the publication bias by funnel plot. Result:The 5 articles were included.The total sample size was 822 cases.There were 408 cases in the heart rate slow group,heart failure appeared in 103 cases.The heart rate quick group was 414 cases,187 cases combined with heart failure;OR=0.46,95% CI was(0.34-0.64).Funnel plot analysis showed no presence of publication bias. Conclusion:There is a correlation between heart rate level and systolic heart failure occurrence in AMI patients.Left ventricular systolic function is impaired in heart rate quick patients.Heart rate maybe is forecasting marker to assess severity of AMI.
Is There a Relationship Between Psoriasis and Hepatitis C?: a Meta-analysis and Bioinformatics Investigation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background: The relationship between psoriasis and hepatitis C was previously controversial, so our purpose is to investigate this connection.Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the case-control, cross-sectional and cohort studies examining the association between psoriasis and hepatitis C in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library databases and investigated the overlapping genes between psoriasis targets and hepatitis C targets using bioinformatics analysis. Based on overlapping genes and hub nodes, we also constructed the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and module respectively, followed by the pathway enrichment analysis. Results: We included 11 publications that reported a total of 11 studies (8 cross-sectional and 3 case-control). The case–control and cross-sectional studies included 25,047 psoriasis patients and 4,091,631 controls in total. Psoriasis was associated with a significant increase of prevalent hepatitis C (OR 1.72; 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.17-2.52)). A total of 389 significant genes were common to both hepatitis C and psoriasis, which mainly involved IL6, TNF, IL10, ALB, STAT3 and CXCL8. The module and pathway enrichment analyses showed that the common genes had the potential to influence varieties of biological pathways, including the inflammatory response, cytokine activity, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, which play an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C and psoriasis.Conclusion: Patients with psoriasis display increased prevalence of hepatitis C and the basic related mechanisms between hepatitis C and psoriasis had been preliminarily clarified.
Control of permanent magnet AC servo motors without absolute rotor position transducers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An attempt to control permanent magnet AC servo motors without the detection of the rotor position by absolute position transducers such as absolute encoders or resolvers is presented. The incremental encoder has been used in order to obtain the information of the rotor position and speed. A feedforward controller and an acceleration feedback controller are incorporated into the conventional PI controller in order to obtain high dynamic performance of AC servo motors. The proposed control scheme has been implemented on a control system based on a digital signal processor (DSP). Experimental results show that the proposed control system can be effectively applied to AC servo motors in order to obtain high dynamic performance.< >
CdS Coated Mn Doped ZnO Nanospheres as Textile Catalyst: Fabrication, Physicochemical Techniques and Dye Removal Under Natural Light

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ZnO as a promising photocatalyst has gained much attention for the removal of organic pollutants from water. However, the main drawbacks of the relatively low photocatalytic activity and high recombination rate of photo excited electronhole pairs, restrict its potential applications. Promoting the spatial separation of photo excited charge carriers is of paramount signi? cance for photocatalysis, because the dierence in the band positions make the potential gradient at the composite boundary. In this work, our aim is to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency of CdS coated Mn doped ZnO nanospheres under solar light irradiation. Objectives in this work are, to fabricate the CdS coated Mn doped ZnO nanospheres by a simple ethanolic dispersion method, and its applied for testing the photocatalytic activity of methylene blue (MB) dye. The fabricated binary composites were analyzed with different physicochemical techniques like PXRD, SEM with EDX, UV-DRS, PL and TEM. The photocatalytic degradation results have revealed that, the CdS coated Mn doped ZnO nanospheres exhibits admirable activity toward the photocatalytic degradation of the MB. The remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity of CdS coated Mn doped ZnO nanospheres can be interpreted in terms of lots of active sites, which efficiently separate the photo generated electron and holes. A plausible mechanism is also elucidated via active species trapping experiments with various scavengers, which indicating that the photo generated O2 -and. OH radicals play a crucial role in photo degradation reactions under visible light irradiation. This work suggests that, the rational design and construction of heterostructures is powerful for developing highly efficient, and reusable visible-light photocatalysts for environmental purification and energy conversion. The enhanced photo degradation activity indicates the potential of the nanocomposite for the treatment of organic pollutants from the textile wastewater.
Who Receives More Family Related Support in the Workplace? A Meta-Analysis of Gender Differences in Family Related Support

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of the current study was to meta-analytically estimate if gender differences exist in the provision of family related support in the workplace. Gender differences are of particular interest in the realm of family related support in the workplace because they lie at the intersection of prescribed gender roles for both men and women at home and work. Family related support plays an integral role in an employees’ willingness to utilize family friendly policies that organizations provide to meet the increasing needs of employees to balance work and family demands. Though it may seem like a simple research question, theoretical models provide conflicting predictions on the presence of gender differences and the empirical evidence is inconsistent. Hunter and Schmidt’s (2004) meta-analytical procedures were employed to test for the presence of gender differences in family related support and potential moderators. Results indicate that female employees receive significantly more family related support than male employees in the workplace. Additionally, significant moderators of the gender difference were GDP, unemployment rate, masculinity, and time orientation. Theoretical and practical implications regarding the role that gender roles play in support and work-family conflict are discussed.
Information Sharing on Children’s Literacy Learning in the Transition From Swedish Preschool to School

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Collaboration and continuity between school types are important factors that favor long-term learning and that need to be given attention in the transition between early childhood school institutions. This study highlights teachers' experiences of information sharing during the transition from Swedish preschool to preschool class (i.e., from the child care to school) with regard to children's literacy learning. To find out and evaluate the individual child's development, the child's actual and proximal development zones needs to be taken into account in the transition. It appears that some preschool teachers wish to share information on children's literacy learning, but it is mainly about the children's interest in literacy activities. Also the preschool class teachers' wishes to know more about the children's literacy learning are too much on a general level to be able to provide a good enough basis for planning literacy activities that fit every individual child. A large part of the outcomes derives from the preschool tradition that has viewed care as being core to its work and considered learning and achievement as domains associated with compulsory school. This article discusses whether the training of teachers in early childhood education needs a stronger focus on literacy learning.
Research on control strategy of abrasive belt type rail grinding for corrugation repair process

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The rail corrugation will lead to noise pollution and abnormal vibration in the railway operation process which greatly influences the safety, comfort, and stability of the train operation. However, although the advantages of abrasive belt rail grinding in repairing rail diseases have been verified, there is still no relative grinding control strategy for rail corrugation repair process due to its characteristics of regionality and no grinding benchmark. Therefore, this paper analyzed the difference between the grinding process of rail corrugation and ideal rail surface, and established material removal model for repairing of rail corrugation. By comparing the average valid value of moving wave amplitude and the improvement degree of rail corrugation, the most suitable grinding control strategies for repairing different types of corrugation diseases were obtained, which can further improve the grinding quality and efficiency of abrasive belt rail grinding in repairing rail corrugation.