jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
System Architecture For High Speed Sorting Of Potatoes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper illustrates an industrial application of vision processing in which potatoes are sorted according to their size and shape at speeds of up to 40 objects per second. The result is a multi-processing approach built around the VME bus. A hardware unit has been designed and constructed to encode the boundary of the potatoes, to reducing the amount of data to be processed. A master 68000 processor is used to control this unit and to handle data transfers along the bus. Boundary data is passed to one of three 68010 slave processors each responsible for a line of potatoes across a conveyor belt. The slave processors calculate attributes such as shape, size and estimated weight of each potato and the master processor uses this data to operate the sorting mechanism. The system has been interfaced with a commercial grading machine and performance trials are now in progress.
Conditions Affecting the Release of Heavy and Rare Earth Metals from the Mine Tailings Kola Subarctic

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In the Kola Subarctic, a mining industry has developed, which is a source of environmental pollution with heavy metals. The objects of study were the tailings of three large mining enterprises in the region: apatite-nepheline, complex and loparite ores. The geotechnical characteristics were studied, and the granulometric composition of the samples was established. The main minerals that make up the material of ore dressing tailings have been determined. Using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the content of trace elements, in particular heavy metals and rare earth elements, has been established. The enrichment factor, the geoaccumulation indexes, the potential ecological risk index factor and the potential environmental hazard index have been calculated. Priority pollutants characteristics for specific objects have been identified. It is noted that the finely dispersed material of the tailings of loparite and complex ores is 1.5–3 times enriched in heavy and rare earth metals in comparison with the total material of the tailings. In laboratory conditions, experiments were carried out to simulate the process of interaction of dust particles with soil solutions containing different amounts of dissolved organic matter and at average seasonal temperatures. It was found that a decrease in the pH of the solution and an increase in the amount of organic carbon and temperature lead to the mobilization of heavy and rare earth metals from the tailings.
[Intravesical ectopic recurrence of bladder tumors].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Conservative therapy, preserving bladder function, is most commonly done for the treatment of bladder tumors. However, prevention of intravesical ectopic recurrence remains to be the major postoperative problem. Between April, 1969 and March, 1986. 144 patients were treated conservatively at our Hospital. Initial recurrence occurred in 36.8% of the conservatively treated cases. Second recurrence occurred in 73.2% twice the rate of initial recurrence. No differences were noted between the recurrence rate of single and multiple tumors. Overall recurrence rate according to histological grade was 0% for Grade 0, 36.4% for Grade 1, 36.8% for Grade 2, and 50.0% for Grade 3. The overall recurrence rate of the group without postoperative prophylactic adjuvant therapy was 37.0%. The overall recurrence rate according to postoperative prophylactic adjuvant therapy was 28.6% for intravesical Mitomycin C (MMC) instillation, 30.0% for intravesical Adriamycin (ADM) instillation, 36.8% for external irradiation, 42.9% for fluorouracil (5FU) administration and 100% for 5FU + intravesical instillation. As a whole 5FU is not effective. However, in 1 patient who had had seven previous recurrences, no recurrence has occurred for over seven years after 5FU administration. Effect of adjuvant therapy differs in each case and cannot be regarded in the same light. High grade, high stage, and large (greater than 3 cm) tumors show a high recurrence rate. Progression (grade up, stage up) occurred in 11.3% of the recurrence cases.
ECare-COPD. Self-management promotion in people with COPD: training programme

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: This project aims to improve the skills of current and future nurses for the promotion of self-management of the disease in people with COPD. We have been developing an e-learning training programme (sponsored by the European Union) targeted at first and second study cycles' students and nurses. This innovative e-learning programme integrates a web clinical virtual simulator (CVS) to develop nurses' clinical reasoning education. Method: Participatory action research based on a cyclical process divided into five phases. Based on the PROSPERO protocol, a systematic literature review was performed to identify the contents and approaches to include in the programme. Contents were analysed and organized by a group of nurses with respiratory expertise. We defined and designed the decision tree of eight clinical scenarios to be integrated into the CVS. The contents were made available in the e-learning platform, also supported by videos and CVS. Results: The programme was divided into three modules: initial, intermediate and advanced. Ecare-COPD is supported by an e-learning strategy with multimedia content (twenty videos), and a CVS incorporated in the e-learning platform. Conclusion: The implementation of this project has a double impact. Firstly, it enhances the quality and safety of nursing care provided to the person with COPD and, secondly, it responds to the demand for the dematerialization of teaching and to the students and nurses' intention to use information and communication technologies in education and lifelong learning.
Laying the Foundations

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter turns to the Chalcedonian side of the debate. At its centre are two individuals who in different ways set out the case for the use of Cappadocian philosophy in the service of the Chalcedonian cause. John the Grammarian seems to have been the first to suggest that the classical, Cappadocian theory could be applied to Christology. He considered the two natures of Jesus Christ as universal divinity and humanity. Of those, humanity only existed as realized through insubsistence in the hypostasis of the Logos. Leontius of Byzantium shared the Grammarian’s intuition that the language of Cappadocian philosophy could underwrite Chalcedonian Christology, but he rejected his asymmetric insubsistence Christology. To explain the presence of the universal nature at the level of hypostasis he influentially introduced the term enhypostaton. Both John and Leontius rely almost exclusively on the abstract dimension of the Cappadocian theory. Thus far they modify it as much as their miaphysite contemporaries do.
Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp: A case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp (EPDS) is rare inflammatory dermatosis of unknown etiology, which mainly affects the scalp. The condition is characterized by sterile pustules, often with secondary bacterial colonization, erosions and crusts which lead to scarring alopecia. EPDS occurs in the elderly, more frequently in women. Patient report: A 55-year-old Caucasian female presented with a large atrophic erythematous plaque on the scalp, coated with pustules on the sides and covered with thick crusts and erosions. The patient reported a history of painless, moderately pruritic, enlarging lesions during three months prior to the admission to our department. She had no history of trauma, excessive sun exposure or some medical or cosmetic treatment (topical and systemic). Serological and immunologic tests (Hepatitis B and C, HIV; antinuclear antibodies, ANA) were negative. Fungal cultures were negative. Bacterial cultures grew Staphylococcus aureus. A scalp biopsy revealed polymorphous inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis of neutrophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells. Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stain was negative. Direct immunofluorescence test was negative. Treatment with an oral antibiotic (rimfapicine) and potent topical corticosteroids led to marked and quick improvement but with remaining scarring alopecia. Conclusion: EPDS is a diagnosis of exclusion, based on clinical presentation, disease course and histopathological findings. It is necessary to exclude other differential diagnoses - autoimmune bullous disorders, malignancies, neutrophilic dermatoses, bacterial and fungal infections. A prompt diagnosis and treatment will reduce scarring.
Hemoglobin JOxford: Effects on Hemoglobin and Erythrocyte Function

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Hemoglobin JOxford (α215 gly→asp β2A) was found to constitute 20 per cent of the hemoglobin in eight members of an Italian-American family. In the heterozygous state, no clinical stigmata referable to the variant Hb were found. Erythrocyte morphology and survival were normal. No evidence of Hb instability was found. Oxygen-affinity studies of whole blood, whole hemolysates and isolated Hb JOxford were normal. A brief review of the literature on J hemoglobins is included.
Development and Psychometric Testing of a Quality of Recovery Score After General Anesthesia and Surgery in Adults

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A variety of methods have been used to quantify aspects of recovery after anesthesia.Most are narrowly focused, are not patient-rated, and have not been validated. We therefore set out to develop a patient-rated quality of recovery score. We constructed a 61-item questionnaire that asked individuals (patients and relatives, medical and nursing staff; total n = 136) to rate various postoperative items describing features a patient may experience postoperatively. The most highly ranked items were included in a final nine-point index score, which we called the "QoR Score." We then studied two cohorts of surgical patients (n = 449). There was good convergent validity between the QoR Score and the visual analog scale score (rho = 0.55, P < 0.0001). Discriminant construct validity was supported by comparing resultant QoR Scores in patients undergoing day-stay, minor, and major surgery (P = 0.008), as well as a negative correlation with duration of hospital stay (rho = -0.20, P < 0.0001), and, using multivariate regression, demonstrating a significant negative relationship between QoR Score and female gender (P = 0.048) and older age (P = 0.041). There was also good interrater agreement (rho = 0.55, P < 0.0001), test-retest reliability (median rho = 0.61, P < 0.0001), and internal consistency (alpha = 0.57 and 0.90, P < 0.0001). There was a significant difference between the groups of patients recovering from major and minor surgery (P < 0.001). This study demonstrates that the QoR Score has good validity, reliability, and clinical acceptability in patients undergoing many types of surgery. Implications: We set out to develop a patient-rated quality of recovery score (QoR) that could be used both as a measure of outcome in perioperative trials and for clinical audit. We first surveyed patients and staff to identify important aspects of recovery, then developed a nine-point QoR Score. This was then compared with other measures of postoperative outcome. We found that the QoR Score is a useful measure of recovery after anesthesia and surgery. (Anesth Analg 1999;88:83-90)
ARE ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY IMPORTANT IN MOSQUE FINANCIAL REPORTING?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstrak – Pentingkah Akuntabilitas dan Transparansi dalam Pelaporan Keuangan Masjid? Tujuan Utama – Penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengkaji akuntabilitas dan transparansi pelaporan keuangan masjid. Metode – Penelitian ini menggunakan metode in-depth interview. Adapun informan utama adalah pengurus dan jamaah masjid. Temuan Utama – Akuntabilitas disajikan dengan kesederhanaan dari susunan pengelola, pola pertanggungjawaban dan bentuk laporan keuangan. Transparansi masjid dilakukan dengan adanya sinergisitas masjid, masyarakat, dengan organisasi Islam. Kesederhanaan pelaporan keuangan masjid menjadi kunci dalam akuntabilitas dan transparansi masjid. Implikasi Teori dan Kebijakan – Kajian ini dapat membuka peluang adanya teori akuntabilitas keuangan masjid. Hasil kajian ini juga dapat menjadi masukan bagi pemerintah mengenai sistem transparansi dan akuntabilitas masjid. Kebaruan Penelitian – Temuan bahwa kesederhanaan laporan keuangan justru dapat menjadi penyelaras masjid dengan masyarakat dan organisasi Islam adalah suatu kebaruan dalam penelitian ini. Abstract – Are Accountability and Transparency Important in Mosque Financial Reporting? Main Purpose – This study seeks to examine the accountability and transparency of mosque financial reporting. Method – This research uses an in-depth interview method. The primary informants are the administrators and the congregation of the mosque. Main Findings – Accountability is presented with the simplicity of the management structure, accountability pattern and form of financial statements. The clarity of mosque financial reporting is the key to mosque accountability and transparency. Mosque transparency is carried out by synergizing the mosque, the community, and Islamic organizations. Theory and Practical Implications – This study can open up opportunities for an approach to mosque financial accountability. The results of this study can also be input for the Government regarding the mosque's transparency and accountability system. Novelty– The finding that the simplicity of financial statements can harmonize the mosque with Islamic communities and organizations is a novelty in this study.
Synthesis of hybrid molecules between heat-labile enterotoxin and cholera toxin B subunits: potential for use in a broad-spectrum vaccine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Three variants of the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) were generated by site-specific mutagenesis in which regions of the mature protein were altered to the composition found at the corresponding positions of the closely related B subunit of the heat-labile enterotoxin of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (LTB). The mutant proteins were expressed in Vibrio cholerae and purified from the growth medium. In the first of the mutant proteins, the first 25 amino acids corresponded to the sequence found in LTB, and in the second, changes were made at positions 94 and 95 of the mature protein. The third mutant protein combined the changes made in the first two. Analysis of the immunological properties of these novel proteins by using monoclonal antibodies and absorbed polyclonal antiserum demonstrated that they had acquired LTB-specific epitopes. Immunizations with the mutant proteins resulted in antisera containing LTB-specific as well as CTB-specific and cross-reactive antibodies. The sera were also found to be more strongly cross-reactive in the in vitro neutralization of both cholera toxin and heat-labile enterotoxin than were antisera raised against either CTB or LTB. The results suggest that such hybrid CTB-LTB proteins may be useful in a broad-spectrum vaccine against enterotoxin-induced diarrhea.
L'Arxiu Europeu Federat del Genoma-Fenoma com a xarxa global d'intercanvi de dades genòmiques humanes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This document contains the Catalan translation of the article “The Federated European Genome-phenome Archive as a global network for sharing human genomics data” by D’Altri et al. Nature Genetics (2025), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-025-02101-9. Please use this citation when referring to this work. Translation of this article to other languages can be found at https://zenodo.org/communities/fega/
Report on “The Second International Congress In Israel on Disaster Management”: Jerusalem, September 17th and 18th, 1984

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

I attended the conference as a military psychiatrist, in order to learn how different nations, especially Israel, manage disasters, both man-made, such as terrorist attacks, and natural, such as earthquakes and fires. The conference was organized by the three chief Israeli University Hospitals, the Israel Medical Association, and the World Association for Emergency and Disaster Medicine. It was divided into fifteen 'workshops', the majority running for half a day in parallel. During each workshop, an average of eight papers, each for 20 minutes, were presented. Of the total of 120 papers, 50 were from Israeli contributors, 25 from US, 10 from Sweden and seven from the UK. The workshops were organized under five main themes:
Effects of m-nifedipine on dihydropyridine binding sites in cardiac and cerebral cortex cell membranes from left ventricular hypertrophied rats.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

m-Nifedipine (m-Nif 20 mg.kg-1.d-1 ig for 9 wk) decreased left ventricular weight in the renovascular hypertensive rats (P < 0.01). Though not significantly affecting the density of dihydropyridines (DHP) receptor (Bmax), m-Nif administered whether for prevention (6 wk postclipping) or for regression (9 wk postclipping), markedly decreased the total number of DHP binding sites in hypertrophied left ventricle (LV). m-Nif also reduced the dissociation constant (Kd) of DHP binding sites in the membranes of LV and cerebral cortex from cardiac hypertrophied rats (P < 0.01). These effects of m-Nif were similar to those of nifedipine (Nif) in the same dosage. The results suggest that m-Nif can prevent and regress the LV hypertrophy resulted from renovascular hypertension and reduce the total number of DHP binding sites in the membranes of LV from cardiac hypertrophied rats.
Military Leadership and the Complexity of CombatandCulture

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article highlights the leadership challenges in today's irregular and counterinsurgency military missions. Sociocultural knowledge gaps in leader development are highlighted, as are prescriptions of the trait and situational approaches to leadership. Military leaders' dual responsibility for their own troops and the local population requires them to shift interpersonal relationships and leadership styles as the situation demands. Leaders are called upon to engage socially across cultures—to build trust, create alliances, read intentions, and influence and understand people and their motivations. In addition to identifying cultural competency needs and gaps, this article offers some guidance for building such sociocultural competencies.
A study on the sleep quality analysis of single-person households based on life pattern data using ambient sensors

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

As the aging of society progresses, problems such as the death of loneliness are emerging as social problems. Also, for this reason, the workload of social workers is excessive. To solve this problem, we tried to develop a technique that can identify the health risk of elderly household members living alone. In this paper, ambient sensors that periodically collects 6 types of data excluding sensitive personal information is installed in each elderly household living alone, and based on the sensor data, the daily behavior pattern of the elderly is divided into four categories: sleeping, going out, eating, and others. And we present a method that can be used to evaluate the health status based on the quality of sleep by analyzing the sleep pattern of the elderly household.
Gender-Based Psychosocial Differences in a Sample of Young Offenders

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study analyzes the differential psychosocial characteristics of male and female young offenders with a judicial measure from a juvenile court in Spain. Data on origin, recidivism, criminal and psychosocial characteristics of a sample of 838 juvenile offenders were collected using the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI). Most of the minors were males ( n = 650; 77.6%). Regarding the type of offences committed most males committed some type of crime, while females mainly committed misdemeanours. The rates of infractions committed by large groups and belonging to a gang were higher in males than in females. Concerning psychosocial variables, females presented with higher scores than males in three areas (parenting/educational guidelines, leisure and recreation, attitudes and orientation), in the total score and in several specific variables of the YLS/CMI. Moreover, having a poor relationship with one’s mother and limited participation in organized activities were related to being a female minor offender, whereas having a short attention span was related to being a male offender. These three variables correctly classified 77.6% of cases. Female minor offenders present with a more severe psychosocial profile than males. Therefore, gender-based variables should be considered and addressed in prevention and intervention programmes for minors.
Effects of ATP on the biological features of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rabbit

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To investigate the effects of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)on the biological features of bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)of rabbit in vitro.Methods Bone mar- row was aspirated and MSCs were isolated with lymphocyte separating liquid by density gradient centrifuge and cultured in vitro.The 3rd passage of MSCs was incubated with ATP and the mor- phological changes during incubation period were observed.The induced differentiation of MSCs was identified by immunohistochemical staining.Results Bone marrow MSCs differentiated into nerve cells and expressed nestin,neuro-specific enolase and glial fibriliary acidic protein with the induction of ATP in vitro.Conclusion When incubated with ATP,MSCs can differentiate into nerve cells in vitro.
Analytical approach for short-term pile setup in clay considering destructuration

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract

This paper presents a novel analytical framework to predict short-term pile setup in natural structure clay, considering the influence of soil destructuration in installation and consolidation. Based on the cavity expansion method, a simulation of pile installation has been conducted, with an analytical solution formulated for cavity expansion under undrained conditions to effectively capture soil destructuration. The flow rate in the unit cell is determined by Darcy's law based on the soil mass volume change, leading to the consolidation equation. which is obtained in a fully analytical form for excess pore pressure dissipation. The utilization of the average compression curve aimed to depict a partially disturbed state, and permeability coefficient linearly distributed radially as a result of the effects of installation. Based on the rewritten effective stress method (\(\beta\) method), which involves the time-dependent factor, the time-dependent pile bearing capacity can be determined, by considering the relaxation and thixotropic effects through introducing parameters. Parametric analyses and discussion on the influence of soil destructuration. Finally, the analytical framework is validated through a comprehensive pile field test conducted at St-Alban. The close alignment between the analytical findings and the empirical data showcases the ability of the proposed framework to reasonably forecast short-term pile behavior.