jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Impact of differential settlement on leakage through geomembranes in waste covers: A field and numerical investigation

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This study evaluates the impact of differential settlement on leakage through geomembrane holes in landfill and mine tailings covers. Conducted at the Queen’s University Experimental Liner Test Site, the research spanned two sections with 4H:1V slopes over 13 months. Section B, featuring a 3 m x 2 m depression (0.12 - 0.17 m deep), exhibited a 51- fold increase in leakage compared to the uniform Section A without depression (493L vs 11.1 L). Intriguingly, during colder months with lower precipitation, leakage in Section B surged by 43%, contrary to the lesser leakage observed during warmer, wetter months. 3D numerical models corroborate these findings, attributing the increased leakage during cold periods to reduced temperature-induced hydraulic conductivity of the cover sand. The research provides insights for design and inspection to effectively manage contaminant leakage in waste covers.
Localization of educational migration in the context of the adaptive function of the media

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Educational migration is a valuable resource for any state. The appeal of universities and schools for foreign students is a valuable marker of a country's prosperity, high level of science and technology development, cross-cultural comfort, social and political stability. The research aims to study the informational factors of the adaptability of foreign students in Kazakhstan, to identify positive host-country strategies and mechanisms of negative response to student migration in the educational and social spheres. The authors put forward the notion that media content is sensitively included in the process of adaptation of “educational migrants”, the dependence of the speed and quality of “get used to” to the new educational concept on the country of residence, previous migration experience, geographical proximity and time of study (1 semester, 4 years, etc.). The survey and thematic interviews, which became the basis of the methodological analysis and scientific research, allowed the authors to focus on the perception of educational migration on informational factors, media and social networks involvement in the adaptive complex. The important role of universities in organizing a clear mentoring and support mechanism for international students, the formation of a favorable environment within the student community and the structures of university management are underlined. In terms of the media representation, the image of a foreign student has positive connotations, but, more often than not, it is perceived schematically, stereotypically, and ambiguously depending on the country of residence. The results of the study revealed a number of sensitizing factors of adaptation affecting migrant students, reflexive impulses and infomercials of social networks, stereotypical and biased nature of some texts, and low level of notification of migrants about state support programs. The authors also described the desired communication strategy of the intra-university community in terms of working with international students. Keywords: mass media, educational migration, foreign students, adaptation of migrants, migration policy, informational support.
Applying a semantic layer in a source code retrieval tool

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

O reuso de software é uma área de pesquisa da engenharia de software que tem por objetivo prover melhorias na produtividade e qualidade da aplicação através da redução do esforço. Trata-se de reutilizar artefatos existentes, ao invés de construí-los do zero a fim de criar novas aplicações. Porém, para obter os benefícios inerentes ao reuso, alguns obstáculos devem ser superados como, por exemplo, a questão da busca e recuperação de componentes. Em geral, há uma lacuna entre a formulação do problema, na mente do desenvolvedor e a recuperação do mesmo no repositório, o que resulta em resultados irrelevantes diminuindo as chances de reuso. Dessa maneira, mecanismos que auxiliem na formulação das consultas e que contribuam para uma recuperação mais próxima à necessidade do desenvolvedor, são bastante oportunos para solucionar os problemas apresentados. Nesse contexto, este trabalho propõe a extensão de uma ferramenta de busca por palavra-chave através de uma camada semântica que tem por objetivo principal aumentar a precisão da busca e, conseqüentemente, aumentar as chances de reuso do componente procurado. A criação da camada semântica é representada basicamente por dois componentes principais: um para auxiliar o usuário na formulação da consulta, através do uso de uma ontologia de domínio, e outro para tornar a recuperação mais eficiente, através de uma indexação semântica dos componentes no repositório
Müllerian mimicry and the coloration patterns of sympatric coral snakes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Coral snakes in the genus Micrurus are venomous, aposematic organisms that signal danger to predators through vivid coloration. Previous studies found that they serve as models to several harmless species of Batesian mimics. However, the extent to which Micrurus species engage in Müllerian mimicry remains poorly understood. We integrate detailed morphological and geographical distribution data to investigate if coral snakes are Müllerian mimics. We found that coloration is spatially structured and that Micrurus species tend to be more similar where they co-occur. Though long supposed, we demonstrate for the first time that coral snakes might indeed be Müllerian mimics as they show some convergence in coloration patterns. Additionally, we found that the length of red-coloured rings in Micrurus is conserved, even at large geographic scales. This finding suggests that bright red rings may be under more substantial stabilizing selection than other aspects of coloration and probably function as a generalized signal for deterring predators.
Agent-based simulation : canteen

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this project is to model an agent-based simulation which could accurately mimic the actual canteen environment of Nanyang Technology University, Food Connection. Modelling the simulated environment and agents depend strongly on what could be observed in the actual canteen. Purpose of this project is to be able to create a simulation model suited for use in determining certain possible behaviour or situations of the actual environment. If the model is close to the actual environment, then the result yielded could be beneficent to the user whom will be using this. The simulation is developed using NTU-DSTA Crowd Simulation for Military Operations, COSMOS. Designs and Development is based on Recognition Primed Decision (RPD) model which the agent would respond based on certain circumstances within the environment. Data Structures, with Experiences defined, helps in the perception of the agents on how it should react to its environment.
The Next Global Economic & Financial Crisis is Just Around the Corner

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The core essence of the economic/financial crisis is the imbalance between desire and ability. There is a causal relationship among the contradiction between desire and ability, the imbalance between supply and demand, the formation and accumulation of material wealth and value wealth, and the economic/financial crisis. Since the imbalance between desire and ability is inherent, so is the contradiction between supply and demand. Apart from unconventional measures such as large-scale warfare, the most effective way to counter the economic downturn is to curb the ever-widening wealth gap to eliminate the contradiction between supply and demand. The outbreak of the economic& financial crisis is almost inevitable if the inherent contradiction between supply side and demand side cannot be effectively eliminated. Economics should not be divorced from common sense. Everything else that goes against this common sense is nonsense.
Uptake of S-(3-Amino-3-oxopropyl)-cysteine by Caco-2 Cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Acrylamide is a reactive neurotoxin with a high intestinal bioavailability. Recently we have shown that under the pH regime of the gut acrylamide can react with proteins and that this reaction reduces the uptake of acrylamide in a gut model. On the other hand, using radioactive labeled acrylamide, Bjellaas et al. [Toxicol. Sci. 100, 374-380 (2007)] showed that in vivo the vast majority of orally administered acrylamide is absorbed and excreted as N-acetyl-S- (3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-cysteine with the urine. Therefore, we tested whether intestinal proteases can degrade a protein with acrylamide bound to cysteine residues. Furthermore we tested whether the product of this reaction, S-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-cysteine, can pass the intestinal barrier. Here we showed that S-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-cysteine is indeed a product of proteolytic degradation of acrylamide-treated proteins. Using Caco-2 cells as a gut model, we further showed that the non-protein amino acid S-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-cysteine is a substrate for the neutral and cationic amino acid transporter system. Hence we concluded that protein-bound acrylamide can be released in the intestine and that the resulting product S-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-cysteine is transported through the intestinal barrier and later excreted via the urine.
Mission impossible: upholding successfully a charge of infanticide in the Albanian legal practice.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Infanticide is a horrendous crime universally condemned from all ethical, juridical and moral standpoints. However, legislation on infanticide foresees mitigating circumstances for infanticidal mothers, with sentences by far disproportionate to the severity of the crime. The main justification for this abstaining from severe punishments has been the so-called post puerperal psychosis, whose diagnostic criteria and existence are still very confusing. Psychiatric experts and even jurors show excessive feelings of empathy toward defendant mothers, and fair verdicts under this setting and with this judicial tradition are questionable. Albanian courts have in some cases even denied defendant mothers the unwilling albeit necessary psychiatric treatment, thus exposing them to recidivism and to other social difficulties. Upholding the charge of infanticide in an Albanian court is hereby an impossible enterprise, with high chances for defendants to achieve acquittal on mental insanity grounds. Through describing three cases of infanticide and filicide in recent years of Albanian judicial proceedings, authors raise the concern formulated from other sources regarding the excessive empathy surrounding infanticidal mothers, a deleterious obstacle toward achieving justice.
Litocampa humilis subsp. humilis humilis (Conde 1948

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Litocampa humilis humilis (Condé, 1948) Plusiocampa humilis Condé, 1948a: 43, fig. 4. Litocampa humilis – Paclt 1957: 27. Diagnosis (Condé 1948a, 1949b, 1991; Bareth 1966, 1968, 2006) Body length 4.0–7.0 mm; epicuticle with thin microdenticles; middle-sized, smooth clothing setae; antennae with 24–33 antennomeres; sensillum of third antennomere in ventral position; deep cupuliform organ with four simple olfactory chemoreceptors; 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 1+1 lp macrosetae on pronotum and mesonotum, 1+1 ma, 1+1 lp on metanotum; middle-sized notal macrosetae with barbs along distal half to two-thirds; well barbed, thick, long marginal setae; without dorsal femoral macrosetae; one short ventral tibial macroseta; calcars with 4–6 barbs; smooth apical tarsal setae; subequal grooved elbow-like claws with small smooth lateral crests; 1+1 la, 1+1 lp macrosetae on V–VII urotergites, 3+3 lp on VIII urotergite and 5+5 lp on IX abdominal segment; male with glandular g 1 -setae, slightly subtrapezoidal appendages with glandular a 2 and a 1 -setae; subcylidric appendages in females with glandular a 1 -setae; cerci shorter than body with 12 articles covered in long macrosetae with thin barbs along distal half and a few smooth clothing setae; spermatozoid fascicle 65–70 μm diameter and 14–15 μm wide, spiral filament with 7–10 spirals, 1200–1600 μm long and 5.7 μm in longest axis of irregular section. Habitat and distribution Cave-dwelling species with moderate cave-adapted traits, frequently found in natural and artificial caves in Central Europe and eastern France (Condé 1991; Bareth 2000a; Sendra et al. 2013), and expanding its distribution towards the eastern Carpathians in Romania (Ionescu 1955).
Network Business Environment of E-commerce Training Courses

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

With the rapid popularization of Internet, e-commerce development penetrates all areas of economic life, the survey shows that internet entrepreneur are mostly younger age groups, thar makes e-commerce training courses in universities seem extra significant. But e-commerce training courses have a series of problems. This paper discussed it from three aspects in order to optimize e-commerce training curriculum, meet the demand on job skills and increase student employment weights purposes.
Characterization of the Substrate Specificity and Mechanism of Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) posttranslationally modify protein arginine residues. Type I PRMTs catalyze the formation of monomethylarginine (MMA) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) via methyl group transfer from S-adenosyl methionine onto protein arginine residues. Type II PRMTs generate MMA and symmetric dimethylarginine. PRMT-methylation affects many biological processes. Although PRMTs are vital to normal development and function, PRMT-methylation is also linked to cardiovascular disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and cancer. Thus far, nine human PRMT isoforms have been identified with orthologues present in yeast, plants, and fish. PRMT1 predominates, performing an estimated 85% of all protein arginine methylation in vivo. Yet, the substrate specificity and catalytic mechanism of PRMT1 remain poorly understood. Most PRMT1 substrates are methylated within repeating `RGG' and glycine-arginine rich motifs. However, PRMT1 also methylates a single arginine on histone-H4 that is not embedded in a glycine-arginine motif, indicating that PRMT1 protein substrates are not limited to proteins with `RGG' sequences. In order to determine if PRMT1 displays broader substrate selectivity, I first developed a continuous spectrophotometric assay to measure AdoMet-dependent methyltransferase activity. Using this assay and a focused peptide library based on a sequence derived from the in vivo PRMT1 substrate fibrillarin, we observed that PRMT1 demonstrates amino acid sequence selectivity in peptide and protein substrates. PRMT1 methylated eleven substrate motifs that went beyond the `RGG' and glycine-arginine rich paradigm, suggesting that the methyl arginine proteome may be larger and more diverse than previously thought. PRMT1 methylates multiple arginine residues within the same protein to form protein-associated MMA and ADMA. Interestingly, ADMA is the dominant biological product formed and is a predictor of mortality and cardiovascular disease. To understand why PRMT1 preferentially forms ADMA in vivo, we began to 1) probe the mechanism of ADMA formation and 2) examine the catalytic role of certain active site residues and their involvement in ADMA formation. We found that PRMT1 dissociatively methylated several peptide substrates and preferred to methylate mono-methylated substrates over their non-methylated counterparts. Methylation of a multiple arginine-containing substrate was systematic (not random), a phenomenon that may be important biologically. All in all, our data help explain how PRMT1 generates ADMA in vivo.
The platformization of misogyny: Popular media, gender politics, and misogyny in China’s state-market nexus

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to map out the popular phenomenon of misogyny in the specific techno-social configuration buttressed by China’s state-market nexus. With a case study of a controversy involving the standup comedian Yang Li and the luxury car brand Mercedes-Benz on the microblogging platform Weibo, I highlight the ‘platformization of misogyny.’ The conceptualization refers to the way that a platform is evoked as tools to manufacture and amplify misogyny. Weibo has this effect both through its design, features, and algorithmic shaping of sociality and through its users’ appropriation of its affordances. On top of that, the platform also engenders a form of governance that is deeply enmeshed in the commercialization of internet opinion, suggesting a techno-nationalist mode of state control that is exercised from afar and deeply imbued with patriarchal and misogynistic characteristics.
Angiographic Features of Transgenic Mice With Increased Expression of Human Serine Protease HTRA1 in Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Transgenic hHTRA1(+) mice exhibit a rich spectrum of "clinical" features that closely mimic human PCV. This animal model will serve as an invaluable tool for future mechanistic and translational studies of PCV and other forms of choroidal vasculopathies.
Teratogenic effects of 5-fluorouracil on rat brain.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Nine female pregnant rats were treated with single dose (30mg/kg) of 5-fluorouracil on 12th day of gestation. Gross defects in developing brain of rat fetuses were observed. 5-Fluorouracil is an antineoplastic drug, which has not been adequately studied. 5-FU induced about 5% mortality with significant reduction in body weight and various dimensions of the developing brain (p<0.001). Macroscopic findings of the developing brain revealed microcephaly, regression or absence of olfactory lobe and obliteration of the various fissures on the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the brain. Neuroembryopathic effects of 5-FU is more marked when given in late phase of gestation. So, it is advisable that the drug should be avoided during this period of pregnancy.
Atmospheric Energy Sources for Winter Sea Ice Variability over the North Barents–Kara Seas

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Anomalous poleward transport of atmospheric energy can lead to sea ice loss during boreal winter over the Arctic, especially in the North Barents–Kara Seas (NBKS), by strengthening downward longwave radiation (DLW). However, compared with the extensive studies of latent energy sources, those of sensible energy sources are currently insufficient. Therefore, we focus on the intraseasonal sea ice loss events from the perspectives of both energy forms. First, the contributions of latent and sensible energy to DLW and sea ice reduction are quantified using the lagged composite method, a multiple linear regression model, and an ice toy model. Second, a Lagrangian approach is performed to examine sources of latent and sensible energy. Third, possible underlying mechanisms are proposed. We find that the positive anomalies of latent and sensible energy account for approximately 56% and 28% of the increase in DLW, respectively, and the DLW anomalies can theoretically explain a maximum of 58% of sea ice reduction. Geographically, the North Atlantic, the Norwegian, North, and Baltic Seas, western Europe, and the northeastern Pacific are major atmospheric energy source regions. Additionally, while the contributions of latent energy sources decrease with increasing distance from the NBKS, those of sensible energy sources are concentrated in the midlatitudes. Mechanistically, latent energy can influence sea ice decline, both directly by increasing the Arctic precipitable water and indirectly by warming the Arctic atmosphere through a remote conversion into sensible energy. Our results indicate that the Rossby waves induced by latent heating over the western tropical Pacific contribute to anomalous energy sources at midlatitude Pacific and Atlantic both dynamically and thermodynamically. Significance Statement Winter sea ice retreat in the Arctic has been attributed to increasing poleward atmospheric energy transport. While latent energy sources are extensively examined in previous studies, studies on sensible energy sources remain limited. Considering both atmospheric energy forms, we detected energy sources for the intraseasonal sea ice-loss events in the winter NBKS. Geographically, the North Atlantic, the Norwegian, North, and Baltic Seas, western Europe, and the northeastern Pacific are predominant energy source regions. Mechanistically, Rossby waves in the Northern Hemisphere triggered by tropical latent heating contribute to warm and moist air intrusions into the Arctic. This work suggests that latent energy can impact Arctic sea ice directly by moistening the atmosphere and indirectly by warming the Arctic atmosphere through remote conversion into sensible energy.
Auto-regressive moving average parameter estimation for 1/f process under colored Gaussian noise background

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Current algorithms for estimating auto-regressive moving average parameters of transistor 1/f process are usually under noiseless background. Transistor noises are measured by a non-destructive cross-spectrum measurement technique, with transistor noise first passing through dual-channel ultra-low noise amplifiers, then inputting the weak signals into data acquisition card. The data acquisition card collects the voltage signals and outputs the amplified noise for further analysis. According to our studies, the output transistor 1/f noise can be characterized more accurately as non-Gaussian α-stable distribution rather than Gaussian distribution. We define and consistently estimate the samples normalized cross-correlations of linear SαS processes, and propose a samples normalized cross-correlations-based auto-regressive moving average parameter estimation method effective in noisy environments. Simulation results of auto-regressive moving average parameter estimation exhibit good performance.
Optimizing the Role of the Palengaan East Java KSPPS on the Welfare of the Palengaan Pamekasan Community

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Cooperation is a body of law-abiding and family-based endeavors by prioritizing the sense of brotherhood to members as a whole. Cooperation in the midst of society aims to promote the well-being of members in particular and society in general. The problem with the trees that emerged in this research is how does cooperation play a role in the well-being of members? How are the controls faced by NURI KSPPS cooperation in improving the well-being of members? and how is the Strategy used to cooperate in addressing controls in the Enhancement of Members' Peace? This study aims to provide an understanding of the role of cooperation in improving members' well-being.The research used is descriptive qualitative research This research is part of field research and data is collected by looking at what it sees, analyzing data and gathering it. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observations and documentation.The results of the research show that 1) NURI's KSPPS cooperation plays a very important role in the clarification of its members, the form of its well-being: the ease of the service provided, helping to fund child education, health guarantees for officials, and BMN assistance. (3) The strategy or solution is to increase the ability to visit or motivate each branch in its role.