jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Review of Peer Social Development in Early Childhood

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This article provides a clear and informative review of the literature on young children's peer social development. Implications of social‐learning theory are addressed as well as numerous findings of empirical research in this area. Themes well‐documented in the literature include (a) child/peer versus child/adult interactions, (b) incorporation of toys and games, (c) influence of mothers, and (d) gender peer preferences. However, several important areas currently lack copious empirical support, such as (a) the role fathers play in children's social development, (b) racial/cultural differences, and (c) mixed‐age group interaction. Additional research concerning these topics is warranted to further the general understanding of the social development process.
The skin of others

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A photo-essay on the film installation 'Ming of Harlem', written for Antennae: The Journal of Art & Nature. The essay combines images (not documentation) generated during a unique film and photo shoot, whereby a five-room apartment was designed and established in an existing outdoor tiger enclosure at the Isle of Wight Zoo, UK. Most especially the images show how a space is 'laced' to encourage a tiger to roam into shot. The essay describes philosophical, practical and exotic modes of inter-species companionship, considering predation, ingestion and the political imagination.
Influence of the exact source and receiver positions on the uncertainty of acoustical measurements in concert halls

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Acoustical measurements are crucial to backing up theories or supporting conclusions in research and practical applications. In concert halls, however, it is well known that small changes to the receiver position yield a measurable change to the impulse response and the calculated single number parameter. This gives raise to the questions whether these spatial fluctuations limit the validity of measurements and whether there are implications for measurement applications? The presented study discusses how a measurement uncertainty approach may provide a new perspective to these problems. Based on array measurements a relationship has been established that quantifies how a change in measurement position leads to an average change to a room acoustic quantity. Strategies as outlined by the “Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement” (GUM) are used to determine the bounds in which valid measurement results can be collected. It is discussed how these findings can be considered in applied measurement studies.
Academic Staff Disposition To Promotion Criteria In Nigerian Universities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aimed at determining academic staff satisfaction with promotion criteria and what, in their view, should be included in the promotion criteria. A researcher-designed questionnaire was utilized for data collection from a sample size of 349 academic staff. Findings show that the majority of the academic staff were dissatisfied with the promotion practices. Academic staff were satisfied with promotion criteria that had to do with required number of publications but dissatisfied with those related to computer literacy and international publication requirements. An oral interview before promotion was advocated for inclusion into the promotion criteria by academic staff. Evolving a more holistic criterion for promotion of academic staff was recommended.
Citation counting tool for online academic databases

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the field of, but not limited to, computer science related studies and publications, citation records and counts are significant for the evaluation of researchers and corresponding conferences. However, such key is contorted by many problems including missing, erroneous or irrelevant citation records among major online academic databases, such like Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, Google Scholar, CiteSeer and so on. In addition, many computer scientists believe that there is a traditional bias toward journals compared to conference papers and their authors, as stated by Bjorn De Sutter and Aaron Van Den Oord in their research paper “To be or not to be cited in computer science.” In order to measure and study the coverage and correctness of citation records among those well-known online databases, the authors of previously mentioned paper had developed a tool for querying the data warehouses and performing relevant experiments. Whereas the actual source code was not provided in the paper. The purpose of this project is to replicate the citation counting tool partially according to descriptions in the research study and perform similar experiments.
Adverse factors affecting growth of schoolchildren in St. Helena.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

More than 1000 schoolchildren on St. Helena were studied to determine factors associated with suboptimal growth. Disease was demonstrable in only a small minority, but social factors were of prime importance. In particular, family size was found to be a dominant factor, over-riding the associated effect from overcrowding. The implications of this findings are discussed, and the concept of a "threshold of coping" developed. It is suggested that failure to achieve optimal growth may be a particularly useful index of the points of stress in the child-rearing patterns of society.
Clinical treatment of ectodermal dysplasia: a case report.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Ectodermal dysplasia is both physically and emotionally devastating to patients. With proper restorative intervention, the quality of life can be improved for patients with ectodermal dysplasia. This case report outlines a method of restoring function and esthetics for a 14-year-old boy with ectodermal dysplasia. It is important that these patients be treated at an early age to aid in their social interactions.
Bulky Alkyl Substituents Enhance the Photocatalytic Activity of Pyridine-Based Donor–Acceptor Molecules in the Direct Reductive Cleavage of the C–Br Bond of Aliphatic Bromides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

We report new pyridine-based donor-acceptor (D-A) molecules that enable the direct reductive transformation of a variety of secondary and tertiary aliphatic bromides. A series of experimental and theoretical results suggested that the D-A molecules promote direct C-Br bond cleavage triggered by the excitation of the complex between the catalyst and the aliphatic bromide and that the alkyl groups significantly contribute to the stabilization of the complex, which improves the efficiency of its excitation.
Hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structure of the vanadyl(IV) hydrogen phosphate hydrate K2(VO)2P3O9(OH)3.cntdot.1.125H2O

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrothermal synthesis and crystal structure of the vanadyl(IV) hydrogen phosphate hydrate K2(VO)2P3O9(OH)3.cntdot.1.125H2OKwang Hwa Lii and Hung Jen TsaiCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 3, 446–448Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00003a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00003a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Map of sciences of the department of electrical and computer engineering, National University of Singapore

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To produce a map of sciences based on the department’s publications. Series of MDS diagram are created based on the bibliographic data of the publications. These MDS diagrams display the journals represented as dots and positioned according to their similarity of each other. The similarity data is calculated by the number of occurrences of two journals appeared together in one publication. The map of sciences shows four major clusters in the department’s publications: Physics (Multidisciplinary), Telecommunication, Automation & Control System, and Electrical and Electronic Engineering subjects.
Physical activity and loneliness among adults aged 50 years or older in six low‐ and middle‐income countries

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Loneliness is widespread and associated with deleterious outcomes in middle‐aged and older age people in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Physical activity is one potential psychosocial strategy with the potential to reduce loneliness in this population. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore associations between physical activity (PA) and loneliness in middle‐aged and older people from six LMICs. Materials and methods Data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) were analyzed. Self‐reported data on loneliness and PA (as assessed by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire) were collected. Participants were dichotomized into those who do and do not meet the international recommendation of 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous PA per week. Associations between loneliness and PA were examined using logistic regressions. Results Among 34 129 individuals aged 50 years or older, the prevalence of loneliness was higher among those not meeting the PA guidelines in all countries, although this difference was not significant in Mexico and South Africa. After full adjustment, not meeting PA guidelines was positively associated with loneliness in the meta‐analysis based on country‐wise estimates, with a moderate level of between‐country heterogeneity being observed (OR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.07‐1.61; I 2 = 48.7%). At an individual country level, statistical significance was only reached in Ghana (OR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.44‐2.49). Discussion Our data suggest that physical inactivity and loneliness commonly co‐occur in adults aged 50 years or older in LMICs overall but that this association differs by country. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm these findings and investigate potential mechanisms that may inform future interventions.
Analisis Dan Perancangan Manajemen Bandwidth Menggunakan Metode HTB Dengan Mikrotik Pada Jaringan SMA Negeri 4 Palembang

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The quality of the internet is not good when school residents access the internet, poor Quality of service (QoS) results have not been maximized when compared to TIPHON standardization. the author wants to implement queue bandwidth management through the Hierarchical Token Bucket (HTB) method. Based on the formulation of the problem above, the objectives to be achieved in this study are to implement bandwidth management using the HTB method on the Mikrotik Routerboard type RB951Ui-2ND so that the quality of QoS services at SMA Negeri 4 Palembang is better and optimal. The results of this study are expected to help administrators or Heads of Computer Lab networks at SMA Negeri 4 Palembang to implement bandwidth management using the HTB method. the hierarchical token bucket HTP method is very effective for managing network tarfik so that bandwidth is better managed.
Morisprudence: a theoretical framework for studying the relationship linking moral case deliberation, organisational learning and quality improvement

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

There is a claim that clinical ethics support services (CESS) improve healthcare quality within healthcare organisations. However, there is lack of strong evidence supporting this claim. Rather, the current focus is on the quality of CESS themselves or on individual learning outcomes. In response, this article proposes a theoretical framework leading to empirical hypotheses that describe the relationship between a specific type of CESS, moral case deliberation and the quality of care at the organisational level. We combine insights from the literature on CESS, organisational learning and quality improvement and argue that moral case deliberation causes healthcare professionals to acquire practical wisdom. At the organisational level, where improving quality is a continuous and collective endeavour, this practical wisdom can be aggregated into morisprudence, which is an ongoing formulation of moral judgements across cases encountered within the organisation. Focusing on the development of morisprudence enables refined scrutinisation of CESS-related quality claims.
On Bivariate Nadarajah-Haghighi Distribution derived from Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern copula in the Presence of Covariates

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

An important alternative distribution to the Weibull, generalized exponen-tial and gamma distributions that is used in survival analysis is the Nadarajah-Haghighi exponential distribution. Similar to the Weibull, generalized exponen-tial and gamma distributions, the Nadarajah-Haghighi exponential distributionis an extension of the well known exponential distribution. In this paper, a copulafunction commonly used to model very weak linear dependence was used to intro-duced a bivariate Nadarajah-Haghighi distribution. The joint survival function,joint probability density function and joint cumulative distribution were givenin closed form. Bayesian method of estimation was used to estimate the modelparameters considering the presence of right censoring and covariates. Posteriorsummaries of interest were obtained via standard Markov Monte Carlo (MCMC )technique. Two real data sets were used to illustrate the importance and flexi-bility of the bivariate model in comparison with some competing models. It wasobserved that, the bivariate Nadarajah-Haghighi distribution provides a better fltthan bivariate exponential, bivariate Weibull, bivariate generalized exponentialand bivariate modified Weibull distributions.
Natural history of severe aortic stenosis: Diastolic wall strain as a novel prognostic marker

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Aim Diastolic wall strain ( DWS ) has been proposed as a simple noninvasive measure of left ventricular ( LV ) stiffness. This study investigated DWS as a possible predictor of mortality in severe aortic stenosis ( AS ). Methods 138 patients with severe AS (indexed aortic valve area [ AVA ]<0.6 cm 2 /m 2 ) and normal ejection fraction (>55%) were included. 52 patients (38%) had aortic valve interventions or poor image quality (n=5) and were excluded leaving 86 in the study group (84±8 years, 70% female, 69% African American). DWS was defined as ( LVPW s− LVPW d)/ LVPW s where LVPW s=left ventricular posterior wall thickness in systole and LVPW d=left ventricular wall thickness in diastole. Results Follow‐up extended 2.0±1.9 years (median 1.6 years). Mean DWS for the group was 0.21±0.11 (normal=0.4±0.07). In patients who died, DWS was significantly lower than in survivors (0.18±0.09 vs 0.24±0.11, P =.02). By contrast, traditional measures of diastolic dysfunction did not predict death. Regression analysis showed DWS predicted death even after adjusting for age, sex, race, indexed AVA , symptoms (angina, shortness of breath, dizziness, syncope), and clinical factors (creatinine, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia) ( HR 2.5 [95% CI 1.02‐5.90], P <.05). The best cutoff value for DWS of 0.25 had a sensitivity of 42% and specificity of 83% for predicting death. Conclusions DWS is an independent predictor of all‐cause mortality in patients with severe AS , even after accounting for traditional clinical and echocardiographic parameters.
Levels of Serum LH in Rhesus Monkeys After Intrapituitary Infusion of Synthetic LH-RH or Median Eminence Extracts1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) of Macaca mulatta females were compared by radioimmunoassay after iv and intrapituitary administration of sheep (o) and rabbit (ra) median eminence extracts (SME) and synthetic LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH). Both intrapituitary infusion and iv injection of oSME and raSME caused nearly equal and significant (p < 0.05) elevations in serum levels of LH within 30 min. Intrapituitary infusion of 40 μg of LH-RH into rhesus at each of 3 stages–days 6 to 7, 11 to 14, or 20 to 23–of their menstrual cycles also caused significant, but equal, increases in serum LH. In contrast, an iv injection of 40 or 85 ng LH-RH during the early follicular or periovulatory stages of the cycle failed to elevate serum LH or FSH significantly above preinjection levels. Since the concentrations of serum LH after LH-RH never approached the LH levels observed during the spontaneous midcycle surge regardless of the LHRH dosage, its mode of administration, or the stage of the menstrual cycle at the time of administration, the relative insensitivity of the rhesus pituitary to synthetic LH-RH was not resolved. However, these data suggest that LH-RH is inactivated more rapidly when injected systemically than when infused directly into the pituitary gland. (Endocrinology93: 814, 1973)
Jamaica: 2018 Article IV Consultation, Third Review Under the Stand-By Arrangement and Request for Modification of Performance Criteria-Press Release and Staff Report

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This 2018 Article IV Consultation highlights that Jamaica’s GDP growth is estimated to have been a disappointing 0.5 percent in 2017. Weakness in agriculture, slow recovery in mining, and a deceleration in manufacturing offset growth in tourism and construction. The growth forecast is being revised down to 0.9 percent in FY17/18 and about 2.25 percent in the medium term. Inflation remains well-anchored. Higher food prices resulting from flooding have begun to unwind. The current account deficit remains relatively low (at 2.8 percent of GDP in FY17/18) and it is expected to shrink over the medium-term, as oil prices remain contained and tourism earnings improve.
Prevalence of pathological gambling in treatment-seeking addicted patients: an exploratory study with the South Oaks Gambling Screen

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

En este estudio se lleva a cabo un análisis de la prevalencia del juego patológico en 112 pacientes adictos (81 alcohólicos y 31 dependientes de la cocaína) que acuden en busca de tratamiento. Para ello, se utilizaron los criterios diagnósticos del DSM-IV-TR para el juego patológico y la versión española del Cuestionario de Juego Patológico de South Oaks (SOGS). Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el 22,3% de los pacientes drogodependientes estudiados presentaba un diagnóstico comórbido de ludopatía. Además, un 11,6% adicional obtenía una puntuación en el SOGS indicadora de juego problemático. En suma, el 33,9% de la muestra presentaba síntomas de juego clínicamente significativos. La comparación entre los pacientes adictos con y sin ludopatía asociada mostró diferencias significativas en las variables relacionadas con el consumo de alcohol (evaluado mediante el EuropASI), los síntomas psicopatológicos (evaluados mediante el SCL-90-R) y algunas variables de personalidad (evaluadas mediante el MCMI-II). En todos los casos, las puntuaciones eran significativamente más altas en los pacientes ludópatas que en los que no tenían un problema de ludopatía asociado. Se comentan las implicaciones de este estudio para la práctica clínica y la investigación futura.
Geographical, historical, political and social bases of customary land tenure relations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Land disputes in Africa arise in association with unique constellations of geographical, historical, political and social conditions. Geography provides Africans with the natural resource base for the exploitation of land, but differing geographical conditions also present individuals with various reasons for dispute. Historical circumstances determine which system of European law, including land law, will be introduced into a country, and how it will be meshed with customary law. Political structures provide the administrative framework for land control, including land dispute resolution procedures, but also the incentive for confrontations about land. Social organization provides the kinship and age class framework for realization of land rights. Patterns of organization prescribe how people are spatially arranged in homestead units, and thus the kinds of land disputes which arise between kin and neighbours. In Swaziland, as elsewhere in Africa, participants in land disputes strategize to achieve their best interests according to the limitations and opportunities posed by geography, history, political structure and social organization.
The using of a neurally adjusted ventilatory assist in premature infants. Article

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction. The problem of choosing an adequate mode and parameters of mechanical ventilation (MV) in premature infants remains extremely important in neonatology. Objectives. To assess the effect of nerve-regulated MV on the gas composition of the blood, the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione in premature infants. Materials and methods. The study included 46 premature infants who underwent MV from birth. The gestational age of children was 25–32 weeks, birth weight — 520–1100 grams. Two study groups were formed. The first group consisted of newborns with respiratory support in the Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV), the second group consisted of children who underwent Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist (NAVA).At birth and during the first three days, the parameters of the gas composition of venous blood are measured: pH, pCO2, pO2, BE; lactate level. Concentrations of MDA and glutathione determine the first and seventh days of life. Results. In children of the first group, hypocapnia was observed during the first three days of life, while the minimum level of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) was observed on the first day and amounted to 32.0 (24.9; 37.8) mm Hg. In patients of the second group, pCO2 indices were close to the reference ones and amounted to 36.0 (32.5; 42.2) mm Hg (p = 0.01).Indicators of excess base (BE) were reduced in patients in both groups and on the third day amounted to −6.4 (−7.4;−5.2) mmol/l in children of the first group and −4.7 (−6.0;−3.1) mmol/l in children of the second group (p = 0.02). No statistically significant differences in the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), lactate, and glutathione were observed. Values of MDA were increased in patients of the first and second groups, however, a decrease in its concentration was observed in the dynamics in both groups. On the 7th day, in patients of the first group, the concentration of malondialdehyde decreased from 13.4 nmol/l to 12.0 nmol/l. In patients of the second group, its indices decreased twofold from the initial ones and amounted to 6.3 (5.4; 7.4) nmol/l (p = 0.01). Conclusion.The use of NAVA ventilation in premature infants ensures a constant gas composition of the blood, and also prevents the activation of lipid peroxidation resulting from hypoxia.