jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Interaction of Antibiotics with Innate Host Defense Factors against Salmonella enterica Serotype Newport

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

It is becoming increasingly understood that the current paradigms of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing may have significant shortcomings in predicting activity in vivo . This study evaluated the activity of several antibiotics alone and in combination against clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serotype Newport (meningitis case) utilizing both conventional and physiological media. In addition, the interactions of these antibiotics with components of the innate immune system were evaluated. Azithromycin, which has performed quite well clinically despite high MICs in conventional media, was shown to be more active in physiological media and to enhance innate immune system killing. Alternatively, chloramphenicol did not show enhanced immune system killing, paralleling its inferior clinical performance to other antibiotics that have been used to treat Salmonella meningitis. These findings are important additions to the building understanding of current in vitro antimicrobial assay limitations that hopefully will amount to future improvements in these assays to better predict clinical efficacy and activity in vivo .
Transliteration on Manchu-Chinese Character’s Old Documents(滿漢合璧文書) in Jangseogak Library

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Presently, 7 Manchu-Chinese character’s old documents(滿漢合璧文書) are owned by Academy of Korean Studies Jangseogak. Manch-Chinese character’s old documents means a document where Manchu language and Chinese characters appear at the same time. These 7 documents are 3 Eemper’s Command(誥命), 1 Eemper’s Instruction(諭書), and 3 Inventory(禮物單子). That is, there are 2 documents sent as Gangyije(康熙帝) of Qing(淸) installed Yeoningung(延礽君) Geum(昑) as crown prince(王世弟) and 3 documents which Ongjeongje(雍正帝) sent while installing Yeoningunggeum as the king of Joseon(朝鮮國王). Also, there are 2 documents which Ongjeongje sent while installing Gyeonguigun heng(敬義君 緈) as crown prince(王世子). This research investigated the relation among Bibliographic data(書誌事項), Mark(標題), Five colors(五方色), Dragon’s design(雲龍紋), Eemper’s seal(御 寶), started words(起頭語), Manchu language and Chinese characters in respect of these 7 documents. Mark was described same as the main text, Manchu language on the left, and Chinese characters on the right. Five colors was in order of ‘yellow(黃)-white(白)-black(黑)-blue(靑)-red(赤)’ from the left, Manchu language was narrated on the background of yellow, and Chinese characters on the background of red. Regarding Dragon’s design, in case of Eemper’s Command, painted with various colours, however in case of Eemper’s Instruction(諭書) and Inventory(禮物單子), only black was used. In respect of Eemper’s seal(御寶), same as the main text, Manchu language was used on the left, while Chinese characters on the right. In Eemper’s Command, [Jegojibo(制誥之寶)] was sealed, while [Chikmyungjibo(勅命之寶)] was sealed in Eemper’s Command and Inventory. It was confirmed that started words of Eemper’s Command(誥命), was imitation of the institution of Ming(明), not of Yuan(元). Also, it was confirmed that Manchu language in the main text of the document was mostly easily narrated and composed excluding proper nouns, compared to Chinese characters. This research introduced Manchu language in Latin language by transliteration, considering that Manchu-Chinese character’s old documents(滿 漢合璧文書) in Jangseogak Library was written in Manchu language and Chinese characters. For this, above all, this research conducted transliteration on the main text of Manchu language along with the number of lines of the original copy, and suggested Chinese characters by attaching Mark(標點). Since Manchu language and Chinese characters expressed the same content in different languages, it is possible to correlate the Chinese translation of Manchu language, or Manchu language translation of Chinese characters of that time. The subject of the research, henceforth, is to suggest a new research method for Korean record history as well as Joseon-Qing(朝淸) related history of that time, including all of Manchu-Chinese character’s old documents scattered around Korea.
The Rate of Disappearance of Vasoconstrictor Responses to Sympathetic Chain Stimulation after Reserpine Treatment

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Vasoconstrictor responses in the vascular bed of skeletal muscles of cats were studied after administration of reserpine (5 mg/kg b. w. i. v.). The vasoconstrictor responses were produced by electrical stimulation of the sympathetic chain. Sympathetic decentralization largely precluded the disappearance of the responses after reserpine treatment. With increasing total number of stimuli applied to the vasoconstrictor nerves, the magnitude of the vasoconstrictor responses gradually decreased. After delivery of about 10,000 stimuli the vasoconstrictor responses had almost completely disappeared. It is suggested that the normal impulse discharge is an important factor in transmitter substance depletion at the nerve endings following reserpinization. The depletion does not seem to be followed by repletion.
Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Adults with Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment paradigm for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, most CAR T-cell trials excluded primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) patients due to the neurotoxicity concern. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of intravenous CAR T-cell therapy in PCNSL patients. Methods: We searched Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Embase for relevant articles from inception to June 26, 2022. We also hand-searched conference abstracts. The inclusion criteria for a study were: i) all participants being at least 16 years old; ii) at least 3 participants having PCNSL at the time of intravenous CAR T-cell infusion; and iii) reporting the rates of best complete response (BCR), best objective response (BOR), cytokine release syndrome (CRS), or Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS). We performed single-arm meta-analyses to quantitatively synthesize the outcomes using cumulative event rates (CERs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results: This review included 5 studies involving 35 participants. Intravenous CAR T-cell therapies included axicabtagene ciloleucel, tisagenlecleucel, obecabtagene autoleucel, lab manufactured anti-CD19, and sequential anti-CD19/22 CAR T-cell. The BCR and BOR were 56.0% (95% CI: 37.3-74.1%) and 66.9% (95% CI: 48.3-83.6%), respectively. The response rates were not significantly different among the costimulatory domains, including CD28, 4-1BB, and a combination of CD28 and 4-1BB. The rates of CRS, grade ≥ 3 CRS, ICANS, and grade ≥ 3 ICANS were 74.2% (95% CI: 55.7-89.6%), 0.6% (95% CI: 0-9.8%), 57.5% (95% CI: 31.3-82.0%), and 18.3% (95% CI: 5.4-35.0%). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that ICANS occurred more frequently in CAR T-cells with CD28 costimulatory domain (100%, 95% CI: 75.0-100%) than CAR T-cells with 4-1BB costimulatory domain (45.8% 95% CI: 24.8-67.5%). However, sICANS rates among costimulatory domains were not significantly different. Conclusion: The efficacy and safety profiles of intravenous CAR T-cell therapies in PCNSL patients are efficient and acceptable toxicity. Further studies should explore the effect of costimulatory domains on the side effects of CAR T-cell therapy. Figure 1View largeDownload PPTFigure 1View largeDownload PPT Close modal
Multidrug Resistance Acinetobacter Bacteremia Secondary to Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: Risk Factors and Outcome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Acinetobacter baumannii is a multidrug resistant (MDR), gram-negative bacterium commonly implicated in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in critically ill patients. Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) with VAP often subsequently develop A baumannii bacteremia, which may significantly worsen outcomes. Materials and Methods: In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical and laboratory records of 129 ICU patients spanning 6 years with MDR A baumannii VAP; 46 (35%) of these patients had concomitant MDR A baumannii bacteremia. Results: The ICU mortality rate was higher in patients with VAP having A baumannii bacteremia compared to nonbacteremic patients (32.4% vs 9.6% respectively, P < .005). Age >65 years, an Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE-II) score higher than 20, a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score higher than 7 on the day of bacteremia, and the presence of comorbid disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD] and chronic renal failure) were found to be independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality in this population. Multidrug resistant A baumannii was not an independent risk factor for mortality. Conclusion: Although the presence of comorbid diseases (COPD and chronic renal failure) and severity of disease (APACHE > 20 and SOFA >7) were found to be independent risk factors for ICU mortality, MDR A baumannii bacteremia was not an independent risk factor for mortality in our critically ill population.
Mergers and Acquisitions: An Experimental Analysis of Synergies, Externalities and Dynamics

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Mergers and acquisitions improve market efficiency by capturing synergies between firms. But takeovers also impose externalities (both positive and negative) on the remaining firms in the industry. This paper describes a new equilibrium concept designed to explain and predict takeovers in this setting. We experimentally compare the new equilibrium concept to that of competing con- cepts in situations without and with externalities. Moreover, we examine the predicted dynamics of takeovers and outcome implications of those dynamics. Our experimental results support the predictions of the new equilibrium concept and provide implications for further empirical tests.
Supporting_Information_(3) – Supplemental material for Sustainable and recyclable palladium nanoparticles–catalyzed reduction of nitroaromatics in water/glycerol at room temperature

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Supplemental material, Supporting_Information_(3) for Sustainable and recyclable palladium nanoparticles–catalyzed reduction of nitroaromatics in water/glycerol at room temperature by Bencai Dai, Yang Zhou, Changchun Liu, Jin Chen, Zhihao Shen and Yongde Zhao in Journal of Chemical Research
Effects of a workplace prevention programme for problem gambling: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction Despite being considered a public health problem, no prevention programme for problem gambling in workplace settings has been scientifically evaluated. This study aims to fill a critical gap in the field of problem gambling by implementing and evaluating a large-scale prevention programme in organisations. Methods and analysis Ten organisations, with a total of n=549 managers and n=8572 employees, will be randomised to either receiving a prevention programme or to a waitlist control condition. Measurements will be collected at the baseline and 3, 12 and 24 months after intervention. The primary outcome of interest is the managers’ inclination to act when worried or suspicious about an employee’s problem gambling or other harmful use. Additional outcomes of interest include the Problem Gambling Severity Index and gambling habits in both managers and employees. Furthermore, qualitative analyses of the responses from semistructured interviews with managers will be performed. Ethics and dissemination This study has been approved by the regional ethics board of Stockholm, Sweden, and it will contribute to the body of knowledge concerning prevention of problem gambling. The findings will be published in peer-reviewed, open-access journals. Trial registration number NCT02925286; Pre-results.
α-Helix in Cystathionine β-Synthase Enzyme Acts as an Electron Reservoir

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The modulation of electron density at the Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) catalytic center, because of charge transfer across the α-helix/PLP interface, is the determining factor for the enzymatic activities in the human Cystathionine β-Synthase (hCBS) enzyme. Applying density functional theory calculations, in conjunction with the real space density analysis, we investigated the charge density delocalization across the entire heme-α-helix-PLP electron communication channels. The electron delocalization due to hydrogen bonds at the heme/α-helix and α-helix/PLP interfaces are found to be extended over a very long range, as a result of redistribution of electron densities of the cofactors. Moreover, the internal hydrogen bonds of α-helix that are crucial for its secondary structure also participate in the electron redistribution through the structured hydrogen-bond network. α-Helix is found to accumulate the electron density at the ground state from both of the cofactors and behaves as an electron reservoir for catalytic reaction at the electrophilic center of PLP.
Effect of irrigation frequency and weed management practices on yield, yield attributes and water productivity of rice

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Irrigation frequency and weed management practices on performance of transplanted rice at Crop Research Centre, Chirori of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology. Meerut (U.P.), during kharif season 2018. The experiment was laid out in Split plot design with three replications. The experiment consisted of three Irrigation frequency viz: (I1) Irrigation at 2 day interval, (I2) Irrigation at 5 days interval, and (I3) Irrigation at 7 days interval in main plot and four weed management practice viz.: Bispyribac sodium 25 g ai.ha PoE, Cono weeder (at 25 & 45 DAT), two hand weeding (at 25 & 45 DAT) and weedy check in sub plot. Pusa basmati-1 was used as test variety. The findings revealed that among the different Irrigation frequencies, the application of (I2) Irrigation at 5 days interval recorded significantly better Yield and yield attributes. The highest yield attributes, grain yield (45.39 q ha-1) and straw yield (55.59 4 q ha-1) was recorded with (I2) Irrigation at 5 days interval, closely followed by (I1) Irrigation at 2 days interval. Whereas In case of weed management treatments two hand weeding recorded significantly higher growth parameters, yield attributes, grain yield (45.39 q ha-1) and straw yield (55.59 q ha') than weedy check. Successive increase in irrigation frequency has increased in moisture content at harvest, being highest at (I2) Irrigation at 5 days interval, (17.3). Maximum water productivity (3.74 kg grain m-3) was recorded under I3 (Irrigation at 7 days interval) followed by I1 (Irrigation at 2-day interval) and I2 (Irrigation at 5 days interval). Although, mean water productivity was 1.95 kg grams/m3. Whereas In case of weed management practices combined application of two hand weeding stored the highest moisture content of 16.1%. Water productivity in weed management practices varied from 1.17 to 1.62 kg grams/m3, being highest under treatment receiving weedy check, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that application of Irrigation at 5 days interval with cono weeder was best management option to get higher yield as well as profit from rice.
Ectoedemia (Etainia) obtusa (Puplesis & Diškus, 1996) new for Europe: taxonomy, distribution and biology (Nepticulidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary. Ectoedemia (Etainia) obtusa (Puplesis & Diskus), described from Turkmenistan, is for the first time recorded from Europe: Spain, France, Italy and Croatia. It has been reared from cocoons, partly found on trunks of Fraxinus ornus L., which is considered to be its probable host. The female is described here for the first time and the male redescribed and illustrated. A checklist and key of the seven Western Palaearctic species of the subgenus are provided. Zusammenfassung. Ectoedemia (Etainia) obtusa (Puplesis & Diskus), beschrieben aus Turkmenistan, wird zum erstenmal aus Europa gemeldet, namentlich aus Spanien, Frankreich, Italien und Kroatien. Die Art wurde aus Puppen gezuchtet, die teilweise auf Stammen von Fraxinus ornus L. gefunden wurden; diese Pflanze wird daher als die wahrscheinliche Futterpflanze angesehen. Das Weibchen wird zum erstenmal beschrieben, und das Mannchen aufs neue beschrieben und abgebildet. Eine Checkliste und Bestimmungsschlussel der sieben westpalaarktischen Arten der Untergattung Etaina werden angegeben und Anmerkungen zum taxonomischen S tatus von Etaina gemacht. Resume. Ectoedemia (Etainia) obtusa (Puplesis & D iskus), decrit de Turkmenistan, est rapportee de l’Europe pour la premiere fois: provenant d’Espagne, France, Italie et Croatie. Quelques exemplaires etaient eleves des cocons trouves sur des troncs de Fraxinus ornus L.; cette plante est regardee comme plante-hote possible. La femelle est decrit pour la premiere fois, et le mâle est decrit de nouveau et figure en detail. Nous donnons aussi un liste des sept especes Ouest-Palearctiques et un table d’identification.
The House Price Prediction Using Machine Learning Algorithm: The Case of Jinan, China

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

House prices increase substantially in China from 1998. Because of expensive house prices, most Chinese people have only one chance to select suitable houses. Therefore, building a house price prediction model based on housing conditions is significant for customers to make decisions. This paper collects the estate market data of Jinan city from the HomeLink website and performs several feature selection algorithms to get critical features for house price prediction. The paper compares the classical machine learning methods for the problem, including Multiple Linear Regression, Random Forest, and Catboost. After cross-validation tests, the CatBoost, algorithm with the lowest Mean Square Error (MSE) is regarded as the most accurate algorithm to predict house prices. The analytic results show that the house price is dominated by the location features such as area and block.
Focusing of atomic and molecular particles upon channeling in chiral carbon nanotubes

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The focusing of atomic and molecular particles near the nanotube axis using a model of a carbon nanotube (CNT) with discrete arrangement of atoms in its wall is studied. The degree of focusing of channeling particles in CNTs depends not only on the diameter of the CNTs, but also on its chirality. It is shown that the concentration of channeling particles in the tube’s central part is higher for chiral nanotubes.
Stochastic Re-weighted Gradient Descent via Distributionally Robust Optimization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present Re-weighted Gradient Descent (RGD), a novel optimization technique that improves the performance of deep neural networks through dynamic sample re-weighting. Leveraging insights from distributionally robust optimization (DRO) with Kullback-Leibler divergence, our method dynamically assigns importance weights to training data during each optimization step. RGD is simple to implement, computationally efficient, and compatible with widely used optimizers such as SGD and Adam. We demonstrate the effectiveness of RGD on various learning tasks, including supervised learning, meta-learning, and out-of-domain generalization. Notably, RGD achieves state-of-the-art results on diverse benchmarks, with improvements of +0.7% on DomainBed, +1.44% on tabular classification, \textcolor{blue}+1.94% on GLUE with BERT, and +1.01% on ImageNet-1K with ViT.
EOSC-Pillar D5.7 FAIR Research Data Management Workbench Operation Report Update

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

EOSC-Pillar developed and integrated a set of tools and services overall supporting the construction and maintenance of an aggregated data space implementing the FAIR principles. This deliverable documents the activities and results (e.g., indicators on integrated data providers, and datasets, indicators on datasets accesses) of the operation of the EOSC-Pillar toolset enacting the
development of the EOSC-Pillar data space. This is the revised and final release of this typology of deliverable offering information up to November 2022.
Troponin based studies in search of a biomarker for cardiac arrest

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cardiac arrest is shown to be a cause of a large number of deaths not only in Pakistan but around the globe. The prevalence of this dis-ease demands identification of its etiology. The science of proteomics can be used to identify cardiac specific proteins. The subsequent over expression or under expression of these pro-teins can be utilized as targets not only for therapeutical interventions but also for identi-fying molecular signatures for Cardiac diseases. In context of a number of studies which have shown that the specificity of serum biomarkers like troponin (cTnI and cTnT) are questionable as they may also appear in serum in pathologi-cal conditions other than cardiac dysfunction, the search of a specific marker for cardiac arrest becomes imperative. In this study protein pro-filing of cardiac arrest patients was performed after its quantification through Bradford assay. SDS-PAGE and 2 DE techniques were used as to characterize proteins. The samples of the pa-tients prior to characterizing of proteins were subjected to lipid and cardiac enzymes profiling. The results of these investigations have shown an increase in almost all of these parameters by many folds from that of normal values. In addi-tion to this the samples were found out to be positive for troponin T which strongly confirms the incidence of the cardiac arrest. The results of SDS-PAGE exhibited the induction of three proteins of 100 kDa, 97 kDa and of 66 kDa with 100 kDa as the most highly expressed protein. In addition to that SDS-PAGE gels have shown the down regulation of 45 kDa protein, again indi-cating the changes as a result of cardiac arrest. 2DE gel patterns of cardiac arrest samples demonstrated higher number of protein spots as compare to control in the alkaline range, which might suggest their role in cardiac dysfunction. Therefore it can be concluded that this study may pave the grounds for identification of such proteins which can serve not only as potential therapeutical targets but also as candidate markers for accurate diagnosis of the disease.
Economic interrelationships in a small farming area: towards an estimate of the threshold of agricultural production for sustainable farming

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This report is the work of the Agriculture Infrastructure Project, a cooperative effort of the Oregon Farm Bureau, American Farmland Trust, and Oregon State University. The project is guided by a Steering Committee comprised of Bruce Chapin, chair; Mike Kerr, Leonard Knott, Marc Paulman, Dave Vanasche, Doug Hopper, Ray Shumway, Joan Silver and Scott Schaeffer. Don Schellenberg of the Oregon Farm Bureau, Rich Hines and F.X. Rosica of American Farmland Trust, Jim Johnson of the Oregon Department of Agriculture, Ron Eber of the Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development, Terry Witt and Faith Bass of Oregonians for Food and Shelter, Betty Brose of the Oregon Agricultural Education Foundation, and Jim Cornelius, Andrew Plantinga, Greg Perry and David Hamlin of the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics all provided guidance and assistance at different stages of the project. We are particularly grateful for the extensive comments of Bruce Chapin and Ron Eber.