jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Composite, multilayer and three-dimensional substrate supported tin-based electrodeposits from methanesulphonic acid

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Tin and tin–alloy deposits enjoy many applications in the electronics, tribology and engineering industries with potential applications as electrodes for lithium batteries and as electrocatalyst coatings. Methanesulphonic acid (MSA) has become a favoured electrolyte due to its environmental benefits and ability to offer a vehicle for many metal alloy, conductive polymer and composite coatings. A number of emergent uses require less common compositions or structures of alloy, polymer or composite deposits. This paper concisely provides diverse examples of modern tin-containing deposits from aqueous MSA, including Sn–Cu alloys having a very wide composition together with a wide range of colours (golden-yellow–dark-brown) and surface finishes, a Sn–Cu composite deposit containing ceramic, protonated titanium oxide nanotubes for batteries, a tin–copper–bismuth ternary alloy and tin deposits supported on an inert reticulated vitreous carbon or carbon felt substrate to provide a porous, three-dimensional tin surface for electrocatalysis and batteries. The importance of controlled current distribution and electrode/electrolyte movement is illustrated by the use of the rotating disc electrode, rotating cylinder electrode and rotating cylinder Hull cell.
Capability Approach to Valued Pedagogical Practices in Tanzania: An Alternative to Learner-Centred Pedagogy?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Pedagogy significantly affects children’s learning and growth, but appropriate pedagogy in the Global South is still under-theorised and lacks empirical evidence. With the aim of proposing pedagogical approaches alternative to the dominant framework – the ‘learner-centred pedagogy’ currently implemented by international donors in a top-down manner – this research has explored locally-relevant pedagogy through a bottom-up process. By applying the capability approach, it has examined achievements and pedagogy valued by primary teachers in Tanzania. The analysis of 30 semi-structured interviews applied the critical realist concept of the ‘four-planar social being’. This revealed the hegemonic power dynamics between the international, national and local players as well as those between the researcher and researched, plausibly shaping the teachers’ valued pedagogies. The effort undertaken to appreciate people’s values could intensify the ideological colonisation through pedagogy that learner-centred pedagogy has inherently imposed on the Global South.
HPP790231_Supplemental_Material – Supplemental material for Availability of Concussion Information in Spanish for Parents of Youth Athletes

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Supplemental material, HPP790231_Supplemental_Material for Availability of Concussion Information in Spanish for Parents of Youth Athletes by Emily Kroshus, Laura A. Gonzalez, Sara P. D. Chrisman and Nathalia Jimenez in Health Promotion Practice
Integrated Thermal Management Methodology Based on Proximal Policy Optimization With Memory Function for Battery Electric Vehicles

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Thermal management strategy (TMS) plays a pivotal role in ensuring operational safety, energy efficiency in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) by maintaining critical components within optimal thermal operating ranges. This study proposes the integrated TMS for BEVs by integrating proximal policy optimization (PPO) with a gated recurrent unit (GRU)-based memory mechanism. By leveraging GRU-enhanced PPO (HPPO), proposed TMS captures long-term temporal dependencies in thermal dynamics, enabling adaptive coordination of cooling components while maintaining battery, motor, and cabin temperatures within optimal ranges. Simulation results demonstrate that the HPPO-based TMS reduces energy consumption by 25.76% compared to conventional rule-based TMS, achieving a balance between thermal stability and energy efficiency. Further analysis reveals a significant improvement in root mean square error of controlled components’ temperature. Moreover, in the three cases where the sensitivity of the proposed TMS is verified, the proposed TMS achieved energy improvement of 23.61%, 25.19% and 21.54% compared to traditional rule-based TMS, respectively. These advancements highlight the potential of memory-augmented reinforcement learning for multi-objective thermal optimization in next-generation BEVs, offering a scalable solution for extreme climate adaptability.
Radiofrequency Ablation for Recurrent Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma at the Central Compartment Node: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common thyroid cancer with a good prognosis. However, local recurrence or cervical lymph node metastasis is frequent. Reoperation is a standard treatment but may be challenging due to the formation of fibrosis, cervical anatomy distortion, and the small size of recurrent lesions. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive modality for recurrent thyroid cancer in high-risk patients or those who refuse surgery. Here, we describe the case of a 41-year-old woman who underwent total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection because of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Follow-up ultrasonography 14 months after the second surgery revealed two abnormal lymph nodes in the right neck at level VI. She underwent RFA of the lymph nodes. Eighteen months after RFA, the metastasis lymph nodes disappeared completely.
Neurotrophin switching in developing sensory neurons

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The main aim of this project was to define the neurotrophin survival requirements of sensory neurons during the early stages of their development both in vivo and in vitro. The in vitro survival of neural crest-derived but not placode-derived cranial sensory neurons is promoted by several different neurotrophins early in their development. Neural crest-derived neurons subsequently lose responsiveness to all neurotrophins except NGF. Loss of responsiveness of neural crest-derived sensory neurons to BDNF and NT3 is associated with a marked shift in the dose responses of these neurons to higher neurotrophin concentrations. Analysis of the timing of cell death in the trigeminal ganglia of mouse embryos that are homozygous for null mutations in the TrkA, TrkB and TrkC genes which encode high affinity receptors for NGF, BDNF and NT3 respectively, show that there is an early peak of apoptosis in TrkB and TrkC knockouts which is consistent with the early survival response of trigeminal neurons to BDNF and NT3 in vitro. The elevated peak of apoptosis in TrkA knockouts occurs at the same development stages as in wild type embryos which is consistent with the later response of trigeminal neurons to NGF in vitro. Furthermore, there is a high level of expression of TrkC mRNA in early trigeminal neurons which accords with the early survival response of these neurons to NTS. It is also shown that subsets of trigeminal neurons discriminate between neurotrophins at very high concentrations during the period of cell death, indicating that neurotrophin responses can be far more highly specific than previously thought. Taken together, these results show that neurotrophin switching is a physiologically relevant phenomenon in certain populations of developing sensory neurons.
Water-soluble polymerization initiators based on the thioxanthone structure: a spectroscopic and laser photolysis study

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWater-soluble polymerization initiators based on the thioxanthone structure: a spectroscopic and laser photolysis studyD. J. Lougnot, C. Turck, and J. P. FouassierCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 1, 108–116Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00191a022RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views516Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Variation in Antiplatelet Usage after Peripheral Vascular Intervention and Carotid Artery Stenting in the Vascular Quality Initiative

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Rajaei, Mohammad MD; Novak, Zdenek MD; Spangler, Emily L. MD; Sutzko, Danielle C. MD, MS; Beck, Adam W. MD, FACS; McFarland, Graeme E.B. MD Author Information
Evaluation of Anastomotic Techniques in the Experimental Transfer of Free Skin Flaps

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Vascularized groin flaps were transferred to the contralateral side by various microvascular anastomotic techniques. There was no statistical difference between the results of end-to-end and end-to-side anastomoses, when the same sized vessels were compared. However, significant differences existed when vessels smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter were anastomosed.
Zorotypus asymmetricus sp. nov. from Brunei Darussalam, Borneo (Insecta: Zoraptera)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A new species of Zoraptera from Borneo is described and figured. Zorotypus asymmetricus sp. nov. was discovered in lowland mixed dipterocarp forest in Ulu Temburong, Brunei Darussalam. The species represents the third known species occurring on Borneo and it can be easily distinguished from others by the asymmetrical cerci: the right cercus is strongly enlarged and curved.
The Power of Words at Mega-Event Opening Ceremonies

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article analyzes the opening speech of John Furlong, CEO of the Vancouver Organizing Committee for the 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games, at the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympic Games. The main idea here is the great importance of a speech at the opening ceremony of a mega-event. The characteristics of the speech were analyzed through the speaker's choice of words (figures of speech and rhetorical devices). The role of the speech was analyzed to show how the main event concept is promoted. The research is divided into two parts. The first presents a review of the literature and of other relevant resources such as video material and web pages as a basis for preparing the theoretical part of the article. In the second, more empirically oriented part of the article, we conducted a linguistic analysis involving an indepth discourse analyses of John Furlong's speech and the analyses of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. Through the review of the literature and of other resources, we have established the importance of an additional Olympic theme along with the main sport-related theme. The empirical research that is based on the discourse analyses shows that, despite its brevity, John Furlong's speech stresses the theme and the values of the mega-event, and it is also highly communicative, incorporating the various significant semantics and pragmatics of a good speech: Brevity, simple words and sentences, colloquial language, relating to the audiences, employing stylistic and grammatical devices, appealing to the audience's feelings and emotions, and the delivery with appropriate rhythm, emphasis, and pauses. When conducting the research, we were unable to identify any other studies that have undertaken a detailed analysis of this speech. There are numerous analyses of how the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympic Games were prepared and also staged. We have also found some that focused on the theme of the event, but none focused on how the message of the event was delivered to the general public and the residents of host communities. This strengthens the originality and importance of our research.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Intensive Antituberculosis Treatment of Tuberculous Meningitis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The most effective antituberculosis drug treatment regimen for tuberculous meningitis is uncertain. We conducted a randomized controlled trial comparing standard treatment with a regimen intensified by rifampin 15 mg/kg and levofloxacin for the first 60 days. The intensified regimen did not improve survival or any other outcome. We therefore conducted a nested pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic study in 237 trial participants to define exposure–response relationships that might explain the trial results and improve future therapy. Rifampin 15 mg/kg increased plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) exposures compared with 10 mg/kg: day 14 exposure increased from 48.2 hour·mg/L (range 18.2–93.8) to 82.5 hour·mg/L (range 8.7–161.0) in plasma and from 3.5 hour·mg/L (range 1.2–9.6) to 6.0 hour·mg/L (range 0.7–15.1) in CSF. However, there was no relationship between rifampin exposure and survival. In contrast, we found that isoniazid exposure was associated with survival, with low exposure predictive of death, and was linked to a fast metabolizer phenotype. Higher doses of isoniazid should be investigated, especially in fast metabolizers.
The Gut Mucosal Viral Reservoir in HIV-Infected Patients Is Not the Major Source of Rebound Plasma Viremia following Interruption of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Interruption of suppressive highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-infected patients leads to increased HIV replication and viral rebound in peripheral blood. Effects of therapy interruption on gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) have not been well investigated. We evaluated longitudinal changes in viral replication and emergence of viral variants in the context of T cell homeostasis and gene expression in GALT of three HIV-positive patients who initiated HAART during primary HIV infection but opted to interrupt therapy thereafter. Longitudinal viral sequence analysis revealed that a stable proviral reservoir was established in GALT during primary HIV infection that persisted through early HAART and post-therapy interruption. Proviral variants in GALT and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) displayed low levels of genomic diversity at all times. A rapid increase in viral loads with a modest decline of CD4 + T cells in peripheral blood was observed, while gut mucosal CD4 + T cell loss was severe following HAART interruption. This was accompanied by increased mucosal gene expression regulating interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral responses and immune activation, a profile similar to those found in HAART-naive HIV-infected patients. Sequence analysis of rebound virus suggested that GALT was not the major contributor to the postinterruption plasma viremia nor were GALT HIV reservoirs rapidly replaced by HIV rebound variants. Our data suggest an early establishment and persistence of viral reservoirs in GALT with minimal diversity. Early detection of and therapy for HIV infection may be beneficial in controlling viral evolution and limiting establishment of diverse viral reservoirs in the mucosal compartment.
Receiver design and bit allocation for a multi-user distributed relay network performing vector quantization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Given the increasing importance of mobile data access, extending broadband wireless access has become a global grand challenge. Relaying has been introduced to enable wireless communication between users lacking a common link. Distributed relay networks (DRN) are a special case where the relay consists of many geographically distributed single-antenna nodes to achieve spatial diversity. In this paper we introduce a quantized DRN where the relay nodes perform vector quantization before broadcasting downlink signals to the users. We derive performance-efficient receivers for this system and investigate a strategy for bit allocation across quantizers of the relay nodes to enhance the performance.
Identification Of Patients At The Risk Of Lewy Body Diseases Based On Acoustic Analysis Of Speech

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Lewy body diseases (LBDs) is a group of neurodegenerative diseases that consists of Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, that are generally very crucial to be diagnosed in their prodromal state. In the frame of this study we proposed a multivariate logistic regression model that identifies people in a high risk of LBDs based on their articulatory and prosodic characteristics. More specifically, the model has 80 % specificity and 85 % sensitivity based on quantification of rigidity of tongue/jaw, monoloudness, and inappropriate pausing.
Extreme ultraviolet transmission of a synthetic diamond thin film

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The transmission of a thin film of synthetic diamond was measured at various wavelengths in the extreme ultraviolet. The measurements agree with a prediction based on published carbon attenuation coefficients assuming the density of natural diamond. A betterfit to the data results when an additional approximately 200-A layer of silicon is included in the model. It is believed that this silicon layer exists as silicon carbide.
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 exhibits tumor suppressive and vessel stabilization properties in U87MG and T98G glioblastoma cell lines

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) is downregulated in several solid cancers. IGFBP7 has been proposed to act as a tumor suppressor gene through mechanisms involving senescence and apoptotic pathways. The tumor suppressor effect of IGFBP7 in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) was examined in this study using two human GBM cell lines, U87MG and T98G. Exogenously applied IGFBP7 (20 and 100 nM) significantly reduced U87MG (~70 and ~75%, respectively) and T98G (~37 and ~50%, respectively) cell growth in soft agar. IGFBP7 stimulated senescence-associated β-galactosidase in both U87MG and T98G cells without stimulating apoptosis (annexin V and propidium iodide staining, expression of SMARCB1 or BNIP3L and caspase cleavage) or affecting phosphorylation of p44/42 MAPK. The inhibitory effect of IGFBP7 on U87MG cell growth was further assessed in vivo using U87MG cells grafted on the chick chorioallantoic membrane. In this model, U87MG cells formed solid and highly vascularized tumors that were reduced in size (~40%) when treated with 500 nM IGFBP7 compared with control tumors. Vessels in IGFBP7-treated tumors were clustered, unevenly distributed and associated with higher number of α-SMA positive cells compared with those in untreated tumors. IGFBP7 induced both aortic smooth muscle cell (AoSMC) chemoattraction and endothelial cell (EC) transdifferentiation into a SM-like cell phenotype. U87MG conditioned media-induced IGFBP7 expression in ECs was significantly inhibited by the cross-talk/interaction with SMCs. This study indicates that IGFBP7 suppresses U87MG tumor cell growth, induces cell senescence and participates in tumor vessel stabilization by promoting SMC/pericyte recruitment and differentiation.
6855 Nationwide Analysis Of Mentorship In Endocrinology Fellowship

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Disclosure: D. Toro-Tobon: None. H. Billings: None. I. Bancos: None. Background: Mentorship is crucial for training physicians' career development, yet evidence of its impact on endocrinology trainees is lacking. We assessed the current state of mentorship in endocrine fellowship training in the United States. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study between June and September 2023. Endocrine fellows were invited to complete an online questionnaire describing their mentorship experience and its influence on burnout, satisfaction, and scholarly productivity. Results: Of 153 participants (mean age 34, 69% women, 47% White, 20% Hispanic/Latino), 73% had a mentor. Having a mentor was not associated with age, gender identity, race, or ethnicity. Those without mentors were more commonly in two-year fellowships (63% vs. 81%, p=0.04), had less access to formal mentorship programs (48% vs. 21%, p&lt;0.01), cited insufficient faculty availability for mentoring (11% vs. 26%, p=0.01), and encountered more challenges finding mentors in their training programs (11% vs. 38%, p&lt;0.001). Mentored participants exhibited increased post-fellowship interest in academic practice (69% vs. 50%, p&lt;0.01), higher involvement in clinical research (65% vs. 49%, p=0.01), more fellowship-dedicated scholarly time (36% vs. 22%, &lt;0.001), a greater median number of publications (4.6 vs. 1.8, p&lt;0.01) and abstracts (7 vs. 3.7, p&lt;0.01), were more likely to have submitted a grant (29% vs. 5%, p=0.03) and had higher satisfaction with training (92% vs. 64%, p&lt;0.001). Mentors were mostly chosen by mentees (70%) and shared gender identity (61%) but often had a different race or ethnicity (71.8%). The majority found mentorship relationships satisfactory (87%), contributing to increased academic productivity (84%) and reduced mentee burnout and stress levels (60%). In bivariate analysis, all mentor attributes significantly influenced higher academic productivity and mentee satisfaction. The most divergent for academic productivity were improved communication, alignment with expectations, inspiration for goal attainment, and effective networking. For mentorship satisfaction, distinctions were found in communication enhancement, goal-oriented assistance, knowledge/skill enrichment, and personalized career path development. Traits like active listening and adapting communication styles were not linked to decreased burnout, but actively supporting work-life balance independently correlated with reduced burnout. Conclusion: Mentorship positively affects endocrine fellows' scholarly productivity and career development. Yet, a significant number lack mentors or access to programs. Mentor attributes, like effective communication, goal alignment, and networking support boost productivity and satisfaction. However, reducing mentee burnout hinges on actively fostering work-life balance. Presentation: 6/3/2024