jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
How to Represent the Future: Narratological Aspects of Preaching and Performing the Last Judgement

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the Middle Ages, the sermon was a powerful and versatile means of bringing the Word of God to the people. In fact, in the oral culture of that period, it was the primary medium for Christian clergy to convey religious education to lay audiences. Moreover, the sermon played an important role in the liturgy and life of the religious orders. With the growth of lay literacy the sermon collection also developed into a vernacular literary genre of its own.
Overview of Medical Coding

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Medical coding involves converting medical procedures, diagnoses, services, and equipment into alphanumeric codes. ICD codes are used to represent a patient's illness or injury, while CPT codes pertain to the services performed by healthcare providers for the patient. HCPCS level II codes are utilized for healthcare equipment and supplies. Each code comes with its own specific rules and guidelines, and they must be applied in a specific sequence. When billing for services, medical billers rely on the reported codes. Even a minor error can result in significant time spent identifying the source of mistakes and cause substantial delays in receiving payments. Medical coders from clinical data management team process these terms and perform medical coding. Medical coding is performed to categorize the medical terms reported appropriately so that they canbe analyzed/reviewed. This article describes process which is used for medical coding in clinical data management and two most commonly used medical dictionaries MedDRA and WHO-DDE in brief. It is expected to help medical coders to understand the process of medical coding in clinical data management. Few common issues which the medical coder faces while performing medical coding, are also highlighted.
Efficacy and safety of ponatinib in heavily pretreated leukemia patients in the PACE trial: 3-year results.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e18052 Background: Ponatinib is an approved oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with potent activity against native BCR-ABL and resistant mutants, including T315I. Methods: PACE (NCT01207440) evaluated the efficacy and safety of ponatinib (starting dose 45 mg once daily) in patients (pts) with CML or Ph+ ALL resistant/intolerant to dasatinib/nilotinib or with T315I. Of 449 pts, 58% received ≥3 prior TKIs. Arterial occlusive events (AOEs) led to recommended dose reduction in Oct 2013. Exposure-adjusted incidence rates of new AOEs were calculated as (number of first events in interval)/(total exposure for interval in patient-years) x 100. Rates for later intervals exclude pts with prior events. Results: As of Oct 6, 2014: 33% of all pts and 45% of CP-CML pts remained on study. Median follow-up: 34.2 (0.148.6) months overall; 38.4 (0.148.6) months for CP-CML pts. Main reasons for discontinuation: progression (21% overall, 9% CP-CML); AEs (15% overall, 17% CP-CML). In CP-CML pts, 59% achieved MCyR, 39% achieved MMR or better, and 22% achieved MR4.5; estimated 3-year MCyR maintenance, PFS, and OS were 83%, 61%, and 82%, respectively. In AP-CML, BP-CML, and Ph+ ALL pts, estimated 3-year OS was 59%, 9%, and 16%, respectively. Treatment-emergent AEs in ≥30% of pts: thrombocytopenia 43%; abdominal pain 42%; rash 41%; constipation 37%; headache 37%; dry skin 36%; fatigue 30%. AOE rate (serious AOE rate): 22% (17%), including cardiovascular 12% (8%); cerebrovascular 8% (6%); peripheral vascular 8% (6%). Venous thromboembolic event (VTE) rate (serious VTE rate): 5% (4%). Of 99 pts with AOEs, 42 remained on study and 33 were still in MCyR. Exposure-adjusted incidence rates of new AOEs (events per 100 patient-years): 14.5 in Year 1; 14.1, Year 2; 10.8, Year 3; of new VTEs: 3.5 in Year 1; 1.8, Year 2; 1.8, Year 3. A year after recommended dose reduction, 61 (95%) of 64 CP-CML pts maintained MCyR, 44 (94%) of 47 CP-CML pts maintained MMR, and 5 (7%) of 70 ongoing pts without a prior AOE had an AOE. Conclusions: Ponatinib continues to show deep, durable responses in heavily pretreated pts, particularly those with CP-CML. A year after recommended dose reduction to mitigate safety risks, responses were maintained and incidence of new AOEs was low. Clinical trial information: NCT01207440.
Effect of Added C4-Alcohols on the Structure of Microemulsion Droplets Measured by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The role of C4-alcohols (n-butanol, 2-butanol and tert-butanol) in four component microemulsions is studied using neutron scattering. These microemulsions are dispersions of nanoscale droplets consisting of a core of water surrounded by a surfactant-stabilized shell. The particles are suspended in an oil (octane) continuum. The addition of a co-surfactant, such as a short-chain alcohol, modifies the droplet size and structure, as well as the rigidity of the surrounding shell. In this work, we investigate water-in-oil microemulsions employing small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments performed at the NIST Center for Neutron Research. Using this technique, it is possible to probe structure on the nanometer scale and extract information rele\\ant to the structure of our system. The SANS data is analyzed with a model sensitive to the overall shape, size, polydispersity, and the internal structure of the dispersed droplets. In addition, the model also incorporates corrections for droplet shape fluctuations and smearing resolution associated with the SANS instrument. This work focuses primarily on the effect of the tert-butanol structural isomer on the microemulsion system. However, data from the n-butanol and 2-butanol cases is included as well for purposes of comparison with other research groups. For all C4 isomers examined, when increasing the alcohol content, the size of the droplets decreases, whereas the polydispersity and shape fluctuations of the droplets increase.
Deforestation strengthens atmospheric transport of mineral dust and phosphorus from North Africa to the Amazon

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Phosphorus contained in atmospheric mineral dust aerosol originating from Africa fertilizes tropical forests in Amazonia. However, the mechanisms influencing this nutrient transport pathway remain poorly understood. Here we use the Community Earth System Model to investigate how large-scale deforestation affects mineral dust aerosol transport and deposition in the tropics. We find that the surface biophysical changes that accompany deforestation produce a warmer, drier and windier surface environment that perturbs atmospheric circulation and enhances long-range dust transport from North Africa to the Amazon. Tropics-wide deforestation weakens the Hadley circulation, which in turn, leads to a northward expansion of the Hadley cell and increases surface air pressure over the Sahara Desert. The high pressure anomaly over the Sahara, in turn, increases northeasterly winds across North Africa and the tropical North Atlantic Ocean, which subsequently increases dust transport to the South America continent. We estimate that the annual atmospheric phosphorus deposition from dust significantly increases by 27% ( P < 0.01) in the Amazon under a scenario of complete deforestation. These interactions exemplify how land surface changes can modify tropical nutrient cycling, which in turn, may have consequences for long-term changes in tropical ecosystem productivity and biodiversity.
Theory and Practice of Burning Solid Biofuels in Low-Power Heating Devices

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Combustion is the most advanced and proven method on the market for using agricultural by-product residues and waste from the agri-food industry. Currently, a wide range of combustion technologies is used to produce heat and electricity in low-power heating devices (>50 kW) using various types of biofuels from biomass (woody biomass, herbaceous biomass, waste and residues from the agri-food industry). Combustion of biomass fuels, especially those of wood origin, causes lower carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulfur oxides (SOx) emissions into the atmosphere compared to coal combustion. The growing interest in solid biofuels has contributed to intensive activities on improving the combustion process and energy devices enabling effective and economic conversion of chemical energy contained in biomass into other usable forms such as heat, electricity. Having good quality fuel, it is necessary to ensure an appropriate, clean combustion technique, which allows to achieve the highest thermal efficiency of the heating device and at the same time the lowest emission of pollutants. The article presents issues related to the theory, characteristics of the combustion process and problems related to the formation of harmful chemical compounds nitrogen oxides (NOx), SOx, carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM) emitted to the atmosphere during the combustion process in low-power heating devices. The analysis indicates the possibility of minimizing undesirable phenomena during the combustion of these biofuels related to ash sintering, the formation of deposits, corrosion and improving the amount of condensable solid particles formed and therefore reducing the emission of gaseous products to the environment.
Fuel-Lubricant Interactions: Critical Review of Recent Work

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A critical review of recent work on fuel lubricant interactions is undertaken. The work focusses on liquid fuels used in diesel and gasoline vehicles. The amount of fuel that contaminates the lubricant depends on driving conditions, engine design, fuel type and lubricant type. When fuel contaminates a lubricant, the viscosity of the lubricant will change (it will usually decrease), the sump oil level may increase, there may be a tendency for more sludge formation, there may be an impact on friction and wear, and low speed pre-ignition could occur. The increased use of biofuels (particularly biodiesel) may require a reduction in oil drain intervals, and fuel borne additives could contaminate the lubricant. The move to active regeneration of particulate filters by delayed fuel post-injection and the move to hybrid electric vehicles, and vehicles equipped with stop-start systems will lead to increased fuel dilution. This will be of more concern in diesel engines, since significant fuel dilution could still persist at sump oil temperatures in the range 100-150C (whereas in gasoline engines the more volatile gasoline fuel will have substantially evaporated at these temperatures). It is anticipated that more research into fuel lubricant interactions, particularly for diesel engines, will be needed in the near future.
Graphene-like Two-Dimensional Ionic Boron with Double\nDirac Cones at Ambient Condition

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Recently,\npartially ionic boron (γ-B<sub>28</sub>) has been\npredicted and observed in pure boron, in bulk phase and controlled\nby pressure [Nature 2009, 457, 863]. By using ab initio evolutionary structure search, we report the\nprediction of ionic boron at a reduced dimension and ambient pressure,\nnamely, the two-dimensional (2D) ionic boron. This 2D boron structure\nconsists of graphene-like plane and B<sub>2</sub> atom pairs with\nthe <i>P</i>6/<i>mmm</i> space group and six atoms\nin the unit cell and has lower energy than the previously reported\nα-sheet structure and its analogues. Its dynamical and thermal\nstability are confirmed by the phonon-spectrum and ab initio molecular\ndynamics simulation. In addition, this phase exhibits double Dirac\ncones with massless Dirac Fermions due to the significant charge transfer\nbetween the graphene-like plane and B<sub>2</sub> pair that enhances\nthe energetic stability of the <i>P</i>6/<i>mmm</i> boron. A Fermi velocity (<i>v</i><sub>f</sub>) as high\nas 2.3 × 10<sup>6</sup> m/s, which is even higher than that of\ngraphene (0.82 × 10<sup>6</sup> m/s), is predicted for the <i>P</i>6/<i>mmm</i> boron. The present work is the first\nreport of the 2D ionic boron at atmospheric pressure. The unique electronic\nstructure renders the 2D ionic boron a promising 2D material for applications\nin nanoelectronics.
Materials Development for Next Generation Optical Fiber

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Optical fibers, the enablers of the Internet, are being used in an ever more diverse array of applications. Many of the rapidly growing deployments of fibers are in high-power and, particularly, high power-per-unit-bandwidth systems where well-known optical nonlinearities have historically not been especially consequential in limiting overall performance. Today, however, nominally weak effects, most notably stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) are among the principal phenomena restricting continued scaling to higher optical power levels. In order to address these limitations, the optical fiber community has focused dominantly on geometry-related solutions such as large mode area (LMA) designs. Since such scattering, and all other linear and nonlinear optical phenomena including higher order mode instability (HOMI), are fundamentally materials-based in origin, this paper unapologetically advocates material solutions to present and future performance limitations. As such, this paper represents a ‘call to arms’ for material scientists and engineers to engage in this opportunity to drive the future development of optical fibers that address many of the grand engineering challenges of our day.
Swiss Competency Model for the Archivist of the 21st Century

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper discusses the competency model for archivists that the Swiss Association of Archivists (AAS) has written and published in 2012 to create a common model for all the parts of Switzerland including its different German, Italian and French traditions. The goal was to define the profession at the Swiss level, including its new aspects, and also communicate a positive picture of the profession, which remains mainly unknown outside specialized circles. Challenges between different linguistic traditions, new requirements of the professions, and a threefold set of competencies are explained through examples given in French and German, and translated into English, in the AAS documents Les métiers des archives: Le profil professionnel des archivistes (Profession in Archives : Competency Model of the Archivist) and Archiviste: un métier (Archivist : A Profession). Archival activities require specialized knowledge, professional competencies and social competencies, a new area for the first time taken into account and officially recognized.
Time Synchronization for 5G and TSN Integrated Networking

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Emerging industrial applications involving robotic collaborative operations and mobile robots require a more reliable and precise wireless network for deterministic data transmission. To meet this demand, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is promoting the integration of 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (5G) and Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN). Time synchronization is essential for deterministic data transmission. Based on the 3GPP’s vision of the 5G and TSN integrated networking with interoperability, we improve the time synchronization of TSN to conquer the multi-gNB competition, re-transmission, and mobility problems for the integrated 5G time synchronization. We implemented the improvement mechanisms and systematically validated the performance of 5G+TSN time synchronization. Based on the simulation in 500m x 500m industrial environments, the improved time synchronization achieved a precision of 1 microsecond with interoperability between 5G nodes and TSN nodes.
Downed Wood Microclimates and Their Potential Impact on Plethodontid Salamander Habitat in the Oregon Coast Range

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Downed wood provides important faunal microhabitat in forests for numerous invertebrate taxa, small mammals and amphibians. Habitat suitability of downed wood as refugia is an increasing concern in managed Pacific Northwest forests, where overstory reduction may result in both reduced downed wood recruitment and increased temperatures within logs. We examined temperature profiles in western Oregon to assess differences in thermal regimes of logs and soil relative to summer air temperature extremes and their implications with respect to habitat suitability for plethodontid salamanders. Temperature profiles of small- (0.3–0.45 m) and large- (0.7–1.0 m) diameter logs, as well as ambient soil and air temperatures, were measured in a 60-year-old forest stand at two different positions (0–5 m and 35–40 m from stream edge) in three case studies: 1) along a headwater stream with a narrow riparian buffer (∼6 m) and moderate upslope thinning; 2) along a headwater stream with a wider riparian buffer (∼15 m) and moderate upslope thinning; and 3) along a headwater stream with an unthinned upslope. Streamside and upslope maximum air temperatures measured during July 2006 along all three streams were near or exceeded 30°C, the critical thermal tolerance threshold for western plethodontid salamanders. Streamside and upslope temperatures inside small logs, large logs and soils stayed below critical temperatures. Our results suggest that logs of a wide size range, as well as soils, may provide sufficient protection against thermal extremes in uncut forests and thinned stands with limited overstory.
Analyzing Differentiated Climate Change Impacts on Women in the Wetland Area: A Case Study on Sunamganj District

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Disadvantageous geo-location, dense population, and poverty make Bangladesh climate-sensitive, particularly in livelihoods. The impacts are detrimental to the economy, environment, and social development of the people of Dowarabazar and Jamalganj Upazila, Sunamganj District. This research aimed to scale the differentiated impacts of climate change on wetland women. To conduct the research, a survey approach following the Community Disaster Resilience Index (CDRI) was applied. The data were collected through questionnaire survey and observation. The sample size was 300 (150 males and 150 females). Simple random samplings were applied. The study included women of middle-aged, young, elderly, disabled, ethnic, religious minorities, widowed, destitute, and all income classes of poor and rich. It is found that the women's community is extremely vulnerable to different climatic impacts affecting women's capital of human, social, economic, physical, and natural. Women's social capital is highly impacted and the impact score is 3.54. Secondly, human capital (score is 3.07). The impact scores of natural and physical are 2.92 and 2.49. The lives and livelihoods of women have been severely curbed by climatic complications, vulnerable sanitation, poor house structure, and illiteracy. Proper management and access to income generation, empowerment, and social services are required for women's adaptation and resiliency.
Differences in Spermatophore Availability Among Octopodid Species (Cephalopoda: Octopoda)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Female octopuses are thought to copulate with multiple males and store sperm for months prior to spawning, a generalization that has led to hypotheses of strong sperm competition throughout the family. Their diversity, and the difficulty in observing many octopus species in the wild, force indirect tests of this generalization. Male reproductive effort, already high in these generally semelparous animals, is predicted to increase further with sperm competition. Hypothesized functional constraints on the spermatophores that males build to transfer sperm could mean that selection impacts spermatophore number more than morphology. To test whether the number of spermatophores could indicate differences in octopodid biology, the greatest number of spermatophores carried by one individual, and longest spermatophore and mantle lengths were compiled for 74 species. Differences in number were predicted to be independent of differences in specimen availability, related species were predicted to have similar counts, and counts were predicted to be largely independent of spermatophore and mantle length. The median spermatophore count was 24; nearly one-third of the species had 60 or more spermatophores. Of these, 16 were species of Eledone, Octopus (Octopus) or Abdopus, supporting the hypothesis that related species share similar spermatophore counts; relationships of the other species are poorly known. Spermatophores of these 24 species tended to be slightly shorter relative to mantle length than in the family as a whole. Callistoctopus spp. carry nine or fewer spermatophores, as do deep-sea species of Bathypolypus, and the Southern Ocean endemic and deep-sea octopus clade. The number of specimens did not differ between species with fewer or more than the median number. Differences in spermatophore counts among species may offer insight into male response to sperm competition and the unsuspected diversity of reproductive behavior in benthic octopods.
Impact of noble metal nanostructures on surface trapping state of semiconductor quantum dots

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The impact of noble metal nanostructures on the surface trapping state of semiconductor quantum dots was investigated by taking nanosecond time resolved photoluminescence measurements. It was observed that nonradiative resonant energy transfer from the excitonic state of quantum dots to Au nanofilm reduced the lifetime and intensity of excitonic state emission. No nonradiative resonant energy transfer from surface trapping state to Au nanofilm was observed. It is possibly implied that noble metal nanostructures have no impact on the surface trapping state of semiconductor quantum dots.
Non-SUSY Searches at the Tevatron

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present recent results from searches for new physics beyond supersymmetry performed at the Tevatron accelerator at Fermilab. The CDF and D0 analyses presented here utilized data of integrated luminosity up to 6 fb-1. We cover leptonic and bosonic resonances interpreted in the Randall-Sundrum graviton and new-boson models, rare final states, and the search for vector-like quarks.
Outcome of Wide Local Excision in Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis-A Short Observational Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a rare disease of the breast. It is a benign inflammatory lesion characterized by lobulocentric granulomas. Clinically and radiologically it may mimic breast carcinoma.1 Awareness of surgeons, pathologists, and radiologists is essential to avoid unnecessary mastectomies. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the outcome of wide local excision in idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Method: This hospital based prospective study was done in surgery unit of both govt. and private hospitals, Cumilla, Bangladesh. All patients who were diagnosed with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis during the period of July 2020 to July 2022 were included. Informed consent was taken from the patient before invasive procedures including surgery. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24.0 wherever appropriate. Result: Among 17 patients no recurrence was observed in 94% patients who were treated with wide surgical excision during the median follow-up period of 12 months. Conclusion: Patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis can present with a wide variety of symptoms which mimic other more common conditions. Surgical management in the form of wide local excision appears to provide the best long term outcome in patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Central Medical College Journal Vol 8 No 1 January 2024 Page: 35-37