jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cooperative target-capturing with inaccurate target information

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents distributed formation control of a multi-agent system to encircle a maneuvering target using Lyapunov and graph theories with emphasis on consensus and cooperation. The proposed approach embeds a consensus algorithm into a robust controller to capture a target whose information is partially known. To address this issue, a cooperative strategy in conjunction with a controller is proposed to enable a fleet of UAVs either to escort a target to a desired destination or to keep the target movement restricted in a certain set in order to gain superiority. We have employed a sliding mode controller to achieve a target centered formation whose information is partially available to the capturing vehicles. Simulation results are presented to validate the proposed approach.
Aerocapture Benefits to Future Science Missions

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

NASA's In-Space Propulsion Technology (ISPT) Program is investing in technologies to revolutionize the robotic exploration of deep space. One of these technologies is Aerocapture, the most promising of the techniques used to maneuver a space vehicle within an atmosphere, using aerodynamic forces in lieu of propellant. (Other aeroassist techniques include aeroentry and aerobraking.) Aerocapture relies on drag atmospheric drag to decelerate an incoming spacecraft and capture it into orbit. This technique is very attractive since it permits spacecraft to be launched from Earth at higher velocities, providing shorter trip times and saving mass and overall cost on future missions. Recent aerocapture systems analysis studies quantify the benefits of aerocapture to future exploration. The 2002 Titan aerocapture study showed that using aerocapture at Titan instead of conventional propulsive capture results in over twice as much payload delivered to Titan. Aerocapture at Venus results in almost twice the payload delivered to Venus as with aerobraking, and over six times more mass delivered into orbit than all-propulsive capture. Aerocapture at Mars shows significant benefits as the payload sizes increase and as missions become more complex. Recent Neptune aerocapture studies show that aerocapture opens up entirely new classes of missions at Neptune. Current aerocapture technology development is advancing the maturity of each subsystem technology needed for successful implementation of aerocapture on future missions. Recent development has focused on both rigid aeroshell and inflatable aerocapture systems. Rigid aeroshell systems development includes new ablative and non-ablative thermal protection systems, advanced aeroshell performance sensors, lightweight structures and higher temperature adhesives. Inflatable systems such as trailing tethered and clamped ballutes and inflatable aeroshells are also under development. Computational tools required to support future aerocapture missions are an integral part of aerocapture development. Tools include engineering reference atmosphere models, guidance and navigation algorithms, aerothermodynamic modeling, and flight simulation.
Examining Cognitive Empathy Elements within AI Chatbots for Healthcare Systems

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Empathy is an essential part of communication in healthcare. It is a multidimensional concept and the two key dimensions: emotional and cognitive empathy allow clinicians to understand a patient's situation, reasoning, and feelings clearly (Mercer and Reynolds, 2002). As artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used in healthcare for many routine tasks, accurate diagnoses, and complex treatment plans, it is becoming more crucial to incorporate clinical empathy into patient-faced AI systems. Unless patients perceive that the AI is understanding their situation, the communication between patient and AI may not sustain efficiently. AI may not really exhibit any emotional empathy at present, but it has the capability to exhibit cognitive empathy by communicating how it can understand patients' reasoning, perspectives, and point of view. In my dissertation, I examine this issue across three separate lab experiments and one interview study. At first, I developed AI Cognitive Empathy Scale (AICES) and tested all empathy (emotional and cognitive) components together in a simulated scenario against control for patient-AI interaction for diagnosis purposes. In the second experiment, I tested the empathy components separately against control in different simulated scenarios. I identified six cognitive empathy elements from the interview study with first-time mothers, two of these elements were unique from the past literature. In the final lab experiment, I tested different cognitive empathy components separately based on the results from the interview study in simulated scenarios to examine which element emerges as the most effective. Finally, I developed a conceptual model of cognitive empathy for patient-AI interaction connecting the past literature and the observations from my studies. Overall, cognitive empathy elements show promise to create a shared understanding in patients-AI communication that may lead to increased patient satisfaction and willingness to use AI systems for initial diagnosis purposes.
Relationship of love and marital satisfaction with pornography among married university students in Birjand, Iran

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Introduction: Pornography can inflict major damages on people, insofar as the role of normal marital relationship is downplayed. This leads to a growing disenchantment in spouses. Love and marital satisfaction are among the factors contributing to the progress and achievement of one's goals in life. This study investigated the relationship of love and marital satisfaction with pornography in married university students in Birjand, Iran. Â Materials and Methods: This descriptive-correlation study was conducted on 310 married students studying at private and public universities in Birjand, in 2012-2013 academic year using random quota sampling method. Data collection instruments included a demographic questionnaire, Enrich Marital Satisfaction Inventory, Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale and a researcher-made pornography scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent-t test, Pearson correlation test, multivariate regression analysis and SPSS software version 15. Â Results: Results indicated a significant negative relationship between the components of love (i.e. intimacy, passion, commitment) and marital satisfaction (P 0.05). Â Conclusion: It appears that pornography has a negative impact on love and marital satisfaction.
Time-dependent coupled Hartree–Fock calculations of triplet excited states of closed-shell atoms

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The nonrelativistic, time-dependent coupled Hartree–Fock theory has been applied to generate the excitation spectrum of two-electron atoms for the forbidden transitions 1 1 S → n 3 S(n = 2, …, 8), and transition properties are estimated. A simple but effective form of the time-dependent perturbation operator is chosen to get such an excitation spectrum. Reasonable agreement is observed with the available experimental and theoretical estimates.
湲됱꽦 留먯큹�꽦 �쟾�젙湲곕뒫�옣�븷 �솚�옄�뿉�꽌 �옄媛�硫댁뿭�빆泥� 諛� 蹂댁껜�쓽 諛쒗쁽

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Objectives: The etiology and pathophysiology of acute peripheral vestibulopathy are largely unknown. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the manifestation of the autoantibodies and complements in patients with acute peripheral vestibulopathy. \n\nMaterials and Methods: We checked anti-ds-DNA, rheumatoid factor, anti phospholipid IgG and IgM, anti nuclear antibody (ANA), C3, C4 in 72 patients who were diagnosed as acute peripheral vestibulopathy on physical examination and the caloric test. The results of the patients with unilateral acute peripheral vestibulopathy were compared to those of the patients with bilateral acute peripheral vestibulopathy. \n\nResults: Twelve patients (16.6%) in anti-ds-DNA, 4 patients (5.5%) in C3, 10 patients (13.8%) in C4, 2 patients (2.7%) in anti-phospholipid IgG and 13 patients (18%) in antinuclear antibody (ANA) showed abnormal findings among patients with acute peripheral vestibulpahty. There was no difference in the manifestation of the autoantibodies and complements between the patients with unilateral and bilateral acute peripheral vestibulopathy
Cancer Stem Cells as Therapeutic Targets

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Heterogeneity is one of the essential hallmarks of cancers. Bulk cancer cells are composed of a striking variability with differences in biological characteristics including the proliferation rate, cell–cell interaction, metastatic tendency and even sensitivity to anticancer therapies. Such diversity makes the investigation and treatment of cancers complicated. Increasing evidence suggest this plasticity of cancers results from the self-renewing and differentiation of a small subpopulation of cancer cells with stem-like properties, called cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are believed to be responsible for the resistance to conventional therapies and metastatic abilities in clinical practice. A recently developed visualization system for CSCs is useful for identifying compounds that are specifically toxic to the CSCs. This review summarizes the molecular pathogenesis of CSCs on the basis of these recent studies and a promising strategy for a novel therapy based on targeting the signal transduction pathways and/or asymmetric division mechanisms of CSCs.
CHILDREN’S SONGS CREATION TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT FOR KINDERGARTEN TEACHERS

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aims to produce a creation in a form of techniques to create decent children’s songs used by kindergarten teachers. In addition, this study also aims to produce an advance creation in the form of technical guidebooks that can facilitate kindergarten teachers in creating children’s songs. Data obtained from experts’ evaluations consisting of one material expert and two teaching experts. In addition, the data were also obtained from product trial conducted in three steps; individual trial conducted on Al-Fadholi kindergarten and kindergarten group III – IGTKI Lowokwaru sub-district Malang Indonesia. One group pretest posttest design is conducted within the product trials. Based on the experts’ evaluations data and product trial related to the feasibility and effectiveness of the product obtained the result of creating children’s songs technique for kindergarten teachers is very feasible and effective to be applied. It is shown from the overall score of 1368 with percentage of 85,5% in excellent category. From the description, it can be defined that result of creating children’s songs technique for kindergarten teachers is very feasible and effective to be applied. The score is 688 with percentage of 86% in excellent category. For the technical guidebook of children’s songs trial result shows that posttest’s result is better than the pretest’s result, quantity is obtained with a score of 60 with a percentage value of 81.08% in a very good category, and obtained a score of posttest 211 with a percentage value of 71.28% in good category. This indicated that technical guide product obtained can ease kindergarten teachers to understand the process of creating children’s songs, thus the development required to be done. Keywords: Children’s songs creation techniques, kindergarten
Implementation of Electronic Government in Indonesia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Indonesian government has implemented an electronic-based government system (SPBE) since 2003 through Presidential Instruction number 3 of 2003 and strengthened by Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 95 of 2018.However, not many studies have discussed the development of e-government in Indonesia after implementing the regulation.Therefore, this study seeks to fill the research gap by discussing the development of e-government.We also analyze Indonesia's challenges after the implementation of SPBE.Using a qualitative approach and a review of secondary data, this study found that SPBE has progressed to the stage of development and maturity.It's just that various obstacles are faced in the implementation of SPBE, such as information technology fragmentation and COVID-19.Therefore, this research contributes to the study of the implementation and practice of e-government development in Indonesia.
A Case of Minimally Differentiated Acute Leukemia (AML—M0) Complicated by Ventricle Thrombosis During Remission-induction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sudden chest pain, dyspnea, and tachypnea occurred in a 21-year-old female who was undergoing induction chemotherapy under a diagnosis of minimally differentiated acute leukemia (M0). The arterial blood gas (ABG) tensions were decreased (PO2 71.6 mm Hg, PCO2 23.7 mm Hg), and an electrocardiogram showed a right-bundle branch block. Coagulation abnormalities (PT 73.1%, APTT 39.4 s, FDP 235mg/dl) were observed 72 h before onset. Echocardiography revealed a large thrombus in a right ventricle. A diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) was made, and a tissue-type plasminogen activator (monteplase) was administered under percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS). The complete lysis of thrombus was confirmed by an echocardiogram 8 h later. Symptoms and ABG data were also improved. PTE in adult AML cases is rare, but should be considered as one of the life-threatening complications in AML patients under chemotherapy who develop respiratory difficulties. We suggest a careful monitoring of coagulation abnormalities for the prediction of PTE during chemotherapy for AML, and the use of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), monteplase, for the treatment of PTE in these cases.
Molecular dynamics simulation of reverse micelles: A search for the most efficient strategy

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A search has been performed for the efficient computer simulation of reverse micelles by the molecular dynamics method. The full-atomic and simplified approaches to the description of molecules and different kinds of initial geometry (preassembled micelles and randomly distributed molecules) have been compared. The structure of a simulated reverse micelle has been shown to be governed by its composition rather than an initial geometry. It has been noted that, when using preassembled micelles, the time scale must be at least 2 ns.
Coronal heating by quasi-2D MHD turbulence driven by non-WKB wave reflection

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation William H. Matthaeus, Gary P. Zank, Sean Oughton; Coronal heating by quasi-2D MHD turbulence driven by non-WKB wave reflection. AIP Conf. Proc. 16 June 1999; 471 (1): 361–364. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.58773 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
The Invisible Frontline: High‐Tech Root Imaging for Crop Stress Adaptation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Roots are crucial for enhancing crop resilience to abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, cold, nutrient deficiency, and metal toxicity. Root system architecture and morphological traits play a significant role in enabling plants to access water and nutrients under stress conditions. However, the study of roots is challenging due to their underground nature. Here, we review advancements in high‐throughput root phenotyping methodologies that enable the non‐destructive and large‐scale analysis of root traits in controlled conditions. These include soil‐less two‐dimensional platforms, such as hydroponics and gel‐based systems, and soil‐based systems like Rhizotrons and RhizoTubes. Additionally, cutting‐edge three‐dimensional soil‐less systems and soil‐based imaging technologies, such as x‐ray‐computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, have significantly improved the precision of root trait analysis. Computational tools, including machine learning algorithms, are also transforming root phenotyping by automating image segmentation, trait extraction, and data analysis. Case studies and examples described here demonstrate the successful application of these methods in identifying stress‐specific root traits that improve resilience to various abiotic stresses in monocots, dicots, and legumes. Despite these advancements, challenges such as high costs, scalability, and environmental variability persist. Integrating laboratory and field‐based phenotyping systems can address these limitations and lead the way for more effective breeding programs to improve crop resilience against climate change.
The beta generalized logistic distribution

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

For the first time, a four-parameter beta generalized logistic distribution is obtained by compounding the beta and generalized logistic distributions. The new model extends some well-known distributions and its shape is quite flexible, specially the skewness and the tail weights, due to the extra shape parameters. We obtain general expansions for the moment generating and quantile functions. The estimation of the parameters is investigated by maximum likelihood. An application to a real data set is given to show the flexibility and potentiality of our distribution.
Estimating change in cardiovascular disease and diabetes burdens due to dietary and metabolic factors in Korea 1998–2011: a comparative risk assessment analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives Over the past 10 years, the burden of chronic diseases in Korea has increased. However, there are currently no quantitative estimates of how changes in diet and metabolic factors have contributed to these shifting burdens. This study aims to evaluate the contributions of dietary and metabolic risk factors to death from cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) such as cardiovascular conditions, strokes and diabetes in Korea, and to estimate how these contributions have changed over the past 10 years (1998–2011). Design and methods We used data on 6 dietary and 4 metabolic risk factors by sex, age and year from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The relative risks for the effects of the risk factors on CMD mortality were obtained from meta-analyses. The population-attributable fraction attributable to the risk factors was calculated by using a comparative risk assessment approach across sex and age strata (males and females, age groups 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64, 65–74 and 75+ years) from 1998 to 2011. Results The results showed that a suboptimal diet and high blood pressure were the main risk factors for CMD mortality in Korea. High blood pressure accounted for 127 096 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 121 907 to 132 218) deaths from CMD. Among the individual dietary risk factors, a high intake of sodium (42 387 deaths; 95% UI: 42 387 to 65 094) and a low intake of fruit (50 244 deaths; 95% UI: 40 981 to 59 178) and whole grains (54 248 deaths; 95% UI: 47 020 to 61 343) were responsible for the highest number of CMD deaths in Korea. Conclusions Indicating the relative importance of risk factors in Korea, the results suggest that metabolic and dietary risk factors were major contributors to CMD mortality.
sj-pdf-1-psx-10.1177_1049732320931430 – Supplemental material for Can Political Trust Help to Explain Elite Policy Support and Public Behaviour in Times of Crisis? Evidence from the United Kingdom at the Height of the 2020 Coronavirus Pandemic

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-psx-10.1177_1049732320931430 for Can Political Trust Help to Explain Elite Policy Support and Public Behaviour in Times of Crisis? Evidence from the United Kingdom at the Height of the 2020 Coronavirus Pandemic by James Weinberg in Political Studies
Exploring the Synergies between Blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) Technologies: A Review of Current Applications and Future Potentials

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The convergence of Blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has garnered significant attention due to its potential to revolutionize various industries. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current state of applications and explores the future potentials arising from the synergistic integration of Blockchain and IoT. By combining the tamper-resistant and decentralized nature of Blockchain with the ubiquity and data-sharing capabilities of IoT, novel solutions have emerged in areas such as supply chain management, healthcare, energy, and more. We analyze prominent use cases that leverage this convergence, highlighting the enhanced security, transparency, and efficiency benefits they offer. Moreover, the paper identifies key challenges such as scalability, interoperability, and resource constraints that need to be addressed for widespread adoption. Looking ahead, the paper envisions promising directions for research and development, including hybrid approaches, consensus mechanisms tailored for IoT, and privacy-preserving solutions. As both technologies continue to evolve, this review underscores the transformative potential of their synergy, paving the way for a new era of interconnected, secure, and efficient systems.
Comparison of drug sensitivity among tumor cells within a tumor, between primary tumor and metastases, and between different metastases in the human tumor colony-forming assay.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The human tumor colony-forming assay was used to compare chemosensitivity among tumor cells within a primary tumor, between primary tumor and metastases, and between different metastases. No significant differences in cloning efficiency were found in any of the three comparison studies. However, considerable differences in chemosensitivities were observed between different parts of the same tumor and between the primary tumor and metastases. Two different parts of the same tumor were comparably assayed for nine primary tumors. In nine paired samples which allowed in vitro drug sensitivity testing, there was no satisfactory correlation of sensitivity to cytostatic drugs. Cell suspensions were prepared from 28 primary tumors and from metastases taken from the same patient. In 14 paired samples which formed sufficient colonies for determination of drug effect, the data showed no satisfactory correlation of chemosensitivity between a primary tumor and its metastases. Both tumor samples from different metastatic sites of the same patient formed sufficient colonies in seven of eight instances. In the seven paired samples, there was strong association of chemosensitivity (p less than 0.005). The results indicate that the reported discrepancies of in vitro and in vivo results in clinical trials using the tumor colony-forming assay for predicting resistance or sensitivity to cytostatic drugs may be due to therapeutic heterogeneity among tumor colony-forming units within a primary tumor and between a primary tumor and its metastases.