jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Oxytocin analogs with basic amino acid residues in positions 4 and 5. Synthesis and pharmacological properties of [4-ornithine]- and [5-ornithine]-oxytocin

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxytocin analogs with basic amino acid residues in positions 4 and 5. Synthesis and pharmacological properties of [4-ornithine]- and [5-ornithine]-oxytocinRobert T. Havran, Irving L. Schwartz, and Roderich WalterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 7, 1836–1840Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1969https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01035a040RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (738 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Jurisdiction and conflict of laws issues between contracts of transport and insurance

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The paper analyses the interaction between the special rules on jurisdiction and conflict of laws applicable to the insurance contract under EU Regulations Brussels Ia and Rome I and the jurisdiction and conflict of laws applicable to contracts of transport under the relevant International Conventions, pointing out how the primary aim of the protection of the insured, as pursued by EU rules, is not fully achieved when the latter rules apply in case of direct action against the liability insurers of the responsible party. Due consideration is given to ECJ recent case law on the issue of co-ordination between the two sets of rules under art. 71 of Brussels Ia Regulation.
Investigating the use of wing sweep for pitch control of a small unmanned air vehicle

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Small Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) are versatile tools with both civilian and military applications. Fixed wing UAVs require forward airspeed to remain airborne, usually resulting in constant energy expenditure to loiter over targets. A UAV capable of perching could reduce energy expenditure by settling on a site near the target, thus increasing mission duration. Avian perching techniques were observed to build a hypothesis for the biological control techniques employed during the landing maneuver. Variation of wing sweep for pitch control was identified as a contributing control method, and selected for study. A biologically-inspired aircraft was designed with variable wing sweep, and modeled using a combination of MATLAB and Athena Vortex Lattice (AVL) to predict pitching response due to wing sweep. A small remote controlled prototype was built with variable wing sweep in addition to standard flight control surfaces. An onboard microcontroller and inertia measurement unit (IMU) were used to record pitch and wing sweep data during flight. Pitch response to wing sweep was observed, and a proportional integral derivative (PID) control system was designed to successfully use wing sweep for closed loop pitch control
[Interhemispheric extracranial and intracranial tumor of parietal area (chondromyxoid fibroma) in a 13-year-old child with 7 years of follow-up].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A case of extra-intracranial, parietal chondromyxoid fibroma in a 13-year old girl operated successfully and followed by 7-years observation is presented. Apart from infrequent occurrence of the tumour diagnostic difficulties due to atypical cranial location are emphasized.
Perestroika as Revolution from within: An Interpretation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

v hen Mikhail Gorbachev warned of a crisis situation in perestroika's early days, he had the air of crying wolf. Now no one can doubt that the Soviet Union is in crisis. The immediate precipitant of the crisis, whose roots go deep, has been the perestroika program itself. Yet until 1985, Western observers generally assumed that only if the regime faced destabilization would it pay the political price of radical reform and that its current problems, though grave, were unlikely to force real concessions out of it.1 Events, however, would disprove this analysis, and Konstantin Chernenko's successor embarked on radical change at a time when the dangers to the regime were no more than prospective. It was not to be destabilization that precipitated radical change, but radical change that precipitated destabilization. Why the Gorbachev regime risked destabilizing itself by unforced radicalism and how it pushed its policies through against fierce resistance will be the subject of the article. Most Western observers initially saw Gorbachev as no more than a cosmetic reformer. When this view became untenable, they tended instead to place him into another familiar category of Russian ruler: the above, who was pushing the country into a further phase of the revolution-stagnationrevolution cycle which it seemed incapable of escaping.2 This, however, was as wide of the mark as the earlier reading, even though the reforms indeed were instigated from above and revolutionary in scope. For revolutionaries-from-
Quality of Life in Jugular Paraganglioma Following Radiosurgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The treatment paradigm for jugular paraganglioma (JP) has changed considerably over time with the wider adoption of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there are no published studies that use validated patient-reported outcome measures to ascertain quality of life (QoL) outcomes following SRS for JP when used in single or combined modality treatment regimens. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Tertiary referral center. Patients: Adult patients with JP treated with primary SRS or SRS following primary surgery between 1990 and 2017. Interventions(S): Surgery and/or Gamma Knife SRS. Main Outcome Measures: Global and treatment-related QoL and differences in QoL based on treatment approach. Results: Sixty-nine surveys were distributed and a total of 26 completed surveys were received (38% response rate). Among respondents, the median age at SRS was 53 years and 16 of the 26 patients (62%) were female. Median follow-up was 97 months. Nineteen patients (73%) were treated with primary SRS or staged SRS following intentional subtotal resection (STR; hereafter referred to as “staged SRS”), while the remainder (n = 7, 27%) were treated with SRS for recurrent JP. Median physical and mental health QoL PROMIS-10 T-scores regardless of treatment strategy were 39.8 and 38.8, respectively, while median SF36 physical and mental component subscores were similar to national averages and non-tumor controls. When comparing general physical and mental health QoL scores, there was no significant difference between patients treated with primary or staged SRS and those treated with SRS for recurrent JP. However, age-adjusted swallowing function among patients treated with primary or staged SRS was better than in those patients treated with SRS for recurrent JP ( p = 0.05). Conclusions: Patients treated with primary or staged SRS for JP tend to exhibit better swallowing outcomes than those treated with SRS for recurrent JP. However, the majority of overall and disease-specific quality of life measures were not different between groups. Based on the low incidence of new cranial neuropathy following SRS, it is likely that initial surgical morbidity is the primary contributor to this outcome. Disease-specific overall quality of life measures, akin to those already used for other benign skull base tumors, are necessary to better gauge physical and mental health outcomes following treatment for JP. Though limited by small sample size, this represents the first study to gauge QoL outcomes following treatment for JP.
Construction of Cyclic DNA Codes Over the Ring Z4 + vZ4

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this work, we investigate DNA codes of odd length over the finite ring $R=\mathbb {Z}_{4}+v \mathbb {Z}_{4},v^{2}=v$ . Firstly, we give a map $\Phi $ from $R^{n}$ to $\{A, T, G,C\}^{2n}$ . Then cyclic codes of odd length satisfying the reverse and reverse-complement constraint are characterized over such ring. Moreover, when $C$ is a reverse-complement cyclic code over $R$ , we prove that $\Phi (C)$ is a cyclic DNA code by using the method different from all the previously known ones, which helps us finding a new DNA code with 256 codewords. Finally, we consider the $GC$ content of code $C$ over finite ring $\mathbb {Z}_{4} + v \mathbb {Z}_{4}$ by means of the Gray images of the minimal generating set of $C$ .
Interconnected Ni(HCO3)2 Hollow Spheres Enabled by Self-Sacrificial Templating with Enhanced Lithium Storage Properties

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Interconnected nickel bicarbonate (Ni(HCO3)2) hollow spheres were produced and exploited for the first time as an anode of lithium ion batteries, delivering the 80th reversible capacity of 1442 mAh g–1 at a current rate of 100 mA g–1, which is 3.9 times the theoretical capacity of commercial anode graphite. The time-dependent study suggested a self-sacrificial templating formation mechanism that yielded intriguing interconnected hollow structures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements on cycled electrodes indicated that both the deep oxidation of Ni2+ into Ni3+ and the reversible reactions in HCO3– accounted for the ultrahigh capacity of Ni(HCO3)2 in comparison to its generally accepted theoretical capacity of 297 mAh g–1. Morphological characterizations revealed that the interconnected hollow structures enabled the enhanced rate performance and cycling stability, compared to those of the solid counterpart, because of their larger contact areas with electrolyte and better buffering effect to accommodate the volume change.
Memories lost: A history of accounting records as forms of projection

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper develops a theoretical history of the intricate relationship between accounting as a recording technology and memory, arguing that accounting's influence extends beyond mere financial documentation to shape human memory and projections into the past and the future. Drawing on Stiegler's theory of transindividuation, understood as the trans-formation of individuals, groups and technologies, and his emphasis on technology-mediated memory, we propose that varying types of accounting records cultivate different memory forms by fostering spatiotemporal projections which reshape the societal perception and comprehension of accounting. Our analysis relies on a comparison between two decentralized transaction recording systems similar in their operations, but which emerged in two different eras: blockchain and early double-entry bookkeeping. Our approach draws from Haydu (1998) to identify similarities and contrasts between different periods which can emphasize the uniqueness of each, while conceptualizing long-term trends. By juxtaposing DEB and BC as instances of decentralized records, the study postulates a critical shift in accounting's transindividuation over time. We argue that while DEB's norms of recording aided in the formation of collective memory and long-term projections, turning records into objects of social investment, BC's recording, propelled by automation and an economic emphasis, manifests as an isolated numerical sequence hindering the scope of human projections. We posit that compared to early DEB, BC recording, although it holds the potential for democratization, may lead to divisions between users, among themselves, and with their records. We discuss the potential implications of this trans-dividuation process for notions of accountability, transparency, regulation, and the broader political role of accounting in society.
Inoculation of Triatoma Virus (Dicistroviridae: Cripavirus) elicits a non-infective immune response in mice

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Dicistroviridae is a new family of small, non-enveloped, +ssRNA viruses pathogenic to both beneficial arthropods and insect pests. Little is known about the dicistrovirus replication mechanism or gene function, and any knowledge on these subjects comes mainly from comparisons with mammalian viruses from the Picornaviridae family. Due to its peculiar genome organization and characteristics of the per os viral transmission route, dicistroviruses make good candidates for use as biopesticides. Triatoma virus (TrV) is a pathogen of Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), one of the main vectors of the human trypanosomiasis disease called Chagas disease. TrV was postulated as a potential control agent against Chagas' vectors. Although there is no evidence that TrV nor other dicistroviruses replicate in species outside the Insecta class, the innocuousness of these viruses in humans and animals needs to be ascertained.In this study, RT-PCR and ELISA were used to detect the infectivity of this virus in Mus musculus BALB/c mice.In this study we have observed that there is no significant difference in the ratio IgG2a/IgG1 in sera from animals inoculated with TrV when compared with non-inoculated animals or mice inoculated only with non-infective TrV protein capsids.We conclude that, under our experimental conditions, TrV is unable to replicate in mice. This study constitutes the first test to evaluate the infectivity of a dicistrovirus in a vertebrate animal model.
Explicit reasoning, confirmation bias, and illusory transactive memeory : a simulation study of group medical decision making

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Teamwork is important in medicine, and this includes team-based diagnoses. The influence of communication on diagnostic accuracy in an ambiguous situation was investigated in an emergency medical simulation. The situation was ambiguous in that some of the patient s symptoms suggested a wrong diagnosis. Of 20 groups of physicians, 6 diagnosed the patient, 8 diagnosed with help, and 6 missed the diagnosis. Based on models of decision making, we hypothesized that accurate diagnosis is more likely if groups (a) consider more information, (b) display more explicit reasoning, and (c) talk to the room. The latter two hypotheses were supported. Additional analyses revealed that physicians often failed to report pivotal information after reading in the patient chart. This behavior suggested to the group that the chart contained no critical information. Corresponding to a transactive memory process, this process results in what we call illusory transactive memory. The plausible but incorrect diagnosis implied that the two lungs should sound differently. Despite objectively identical sounds, some physicians did hear a difference, indicating confirmation bias. Training physicians in explicit reasoning could enhance diagnostic accuracy.
Kinematic Effects of Newly Designed Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis With Oil Damper Unit on Gait in People With Hemiparesis

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purposes of this study were to develop a new orthosis controlling ankle and knee joint motion during the gait cycle and to identify the effects of the newly designed orthosis on gait kinematics and tempospatial parameters, including coordination of the extremities in stroke patients. Fifteen individuals who had sustained a stroke, onset was 16 months, participated in this study. Before application of the measurement equipment the subjects were accustomed to walking on the ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) or stance control knee with knee flexion assisted-oil damper ankle-foot orthosis (SCKAFO) for 5 minutes. Fifteen patients were investigated for 45 days with a 3-day interval between sessions. Measurements were walking in fifteen stroke with hemiparesis on the 3D motion analysis system. Comparison of AFO and SCKAFO are gait pattern. The difference between the AFO and SCKAFO conditions was significant in the gait velocity, step length of the right affected side, stance time of both legs, step-length asymmetry ratio, single-support-time asymmetry ratio, ${\phi}$-thigh angle and ${\phi}$-shank angle in the mid swing (p<.001). Using a SCKAFO in stroke patients has shown similar to normal walking speeds can be attained for walking efficiency and is therefore desirable. In this study, the support time of the affected leg with the SCKAFO was longer than with the AFO and the asymmetry ratio of single support time decreased by more than with the AFO. This indicates that the SCKAFO was effective for improving gait symmetry, single-support-time symmetry. This may be due to the decrease of gait asymmetry. Thus, the newly designed SCKAFO may be useful for promoting gait performance by improving the coordination of the extremity and decreasing gait asymmetry in chronic stroke patients.
How to Building and Control My Vocal Instrument when I Practice

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article mainly discusses the requirements of classical vocal and the qualities that singers need to possess. Classical vocal has strict requirements and is influenced by different periods and languages, resulting in various singing techniques and song processing methods. An excellent singer needs to improve musical literacy in addition to having singing skills to enhance artistic expressiveness and appeal. A singer who does not have the musical literacy of self-learning can only sing mechanically. Only by mastering relevant skills can one analyze works, find emotions, and not damage the beauty of music. Music learners need to build a knowledge framework and fill it with music perception and so on. Singers need to integrate skills and emotions into the understanding of lyrics. In daily practice, I need to explore and master methods of self-learning and improving musical understanding. Through a year of learning, I realize that growth is gradual. From learning from others to innovation, a unique learning method is formed through continuous accumulation of learning experience. Having a good voice is only a congenital condition for singing well. Mastering skills and methods and engaging in strategic learning can make one sing for a longer time and better protect the voice. Learning experience is every step on the road to success for a singer. The more one has, the higher one can stand. Singers need to summarize from learning and practice and shape vivid characters through researching and controlling the voice. Building vocal instrument and controlling vocal instrument is something that singers should constantly pursue forever. First learn skills, and also let skills serve emotions and skillfully control my own vocal instrument.
The Development of an Application to Bridge the Cultural Gap between Japan and Vietnam for Vietnamese Living in Japan

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Japan has witnessed significant growth in the number of Vietnamese students and workers coming to this country. This phenomenon has led to the development of various educational programs to help Vietnamese workers and students prepare for their life in Japan. While there have been different applications invented to improve Vietnamese users' Japanese ability, hardly can we find a communication application that provides users with cultural knowledge. Therefore, we propose a Japanese - Vietnamese conversation application in this research, which can bridge the cultural gap between the two countries. The main purpose of this application is to help Vietnamese users in Japan have smoother communication with their Japanese counterparts.
The Traditional Mexican Diet and Its Association With Non-communicable Disease-Related Outcomes: Analysis of a Nationally Representative Survey

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association between adherence to the traditional Mexican diet (TMexD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), obesity, and diabetes-related outcomes. METHODS: Secondary data analysis of the 2018–19 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey, including cross-sectional data from 10,180 adults collected by trained personnel via visits to randomly selected households. Adherence to the TMexD was measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire and an adapted TMexD index, developed by systematically reviewing the literature and consulting expert opinion. Outcomes included CVD biomarkers and diagnosis, hypertension values and diagnosis, anthropometric measurements, and diabetes biomarkers and diagnosis. The percentage differences and odds ratios for presenting non-communicable disease (NCD)-related outcomes (with 95% confidence intervals [CI]), were calculated using multiple linear and logistic regression, adjusting for relevant variables. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using multiple imputation, according to sex, and excluding people with an NCD diagnosis. RESULTS: High, compared to low, TMexD adherence was associated with lower total cholesterol (−3.5%; 95% CI: −5.2, −1.8), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (−4.3%; 95% CI −6.9, −1.5), non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (−3.9%; 95% CI: −6.1, −1.7), and insulin (−9.8%; 95% CI: −16.0, −3.3) concentrations (p < 0.004) in fully adjusted models. Weaker associations were observed in multiple imputation models, whereas men and adults with no NCD diagnosis had stronger associations. No other associations were observed. CONCLUSIONS: TMexD adherence was associated with a favorable profile for some NCD-related outcomes, highlighting the potential of the TMexD in reducing the risk of some NCD-related outcomes in Mexican adults. FUNDING SOURCES: This research was funded by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT). CONACYT had no role in the design, analysis or writing of this abstract.
Influence of surgical sutures on wound healing

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Historical data on closing and suturing of surgical wounds describe a wide range of various suture materials. The choice of the surgical catgut, i.e. the type and diameter, depends on the locality, characteristics and condition of the tissue to be treated. From the standpoint of oral-surgical practice the following clinical parameters are of outstanding importance with respect to the selection of suture material: accumulation of soft deposits on the sutures, score of the adjacent soft tissues and dehiscence of the operative wound. Our prospective clinical study included 150 patients distributed into three groups of 50 subjects. The surgical procedure performed on each patient involved resection (apicotomy) of the tooth root end in the intercanine sector of the upper jaw. The following suture materials were applied: Black Silc 5-0, Nylon 5-0 and Vicryl 5-0. The effects of the selected sutures were evaluated according to the wound dehiscence. The effects of the applied sutures were recorded on Days 2, 5 and 7 after the surgery. The comparison of cited parameters of the investigated materials after suturing the oral mucosa revealed that none of the used material was ideal; however, a certain advantage might be given to the synthetic monofilament suture materials.