jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
In-hospital referral source and rehabilitation outcome of elderly stroke patients.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

To date, there is no data regarding the association of patient in-hospital referral source and stroke rehabilitation outcomes. The objective of the present study was to investigate the possible relation between in-hospital referring source, whether directly from an emergency ward (EW) or indirectly through a general medical ward (GMW), and the functional outcomes achieved during rehabilitation of such stroke patients. This retrospective observational study included 315 consecutive patients, admitted for rehabilitation following the onset of acute stroke. We compared those referred directly to us from the EW, with others referred from GMWs. Functional status was assessed by Functional Independence Measure method (FIM). Functional outcome was determined by total FIM gain (efficacy) and daily FIM gain (efficiency), both absolute and relative (to potential). The two study groups were similar in terms of age, gender, and diagnosis. FIM admission scores were higher at admission in patients admitted directly from the EW, compared with those referred from GMWs (72.5 +/- 27.5 and 62.7 +/- 25.6, respectively) but similar at discharge (77.4 +/- 28.8 and 80.7 +/- 32.5, respectively). Length of stay (LOS) in the GMW group was longer as compared to the EW group. Efficacy was significantly associated with being married, younger age, hemiplegia, and admission scores between 40-60. Both absolute and relative efficacy and efficiency rates of rehabilitation were significantly lower among patients referred from the EW. We conclude that in-hospital referral source is associated with different rehabilitation outcomes in stroke patients. Direct admission of stroke patients from the EW is associated with lower rehabilitation efficacy and efficiency rates, compared with those admitted from GMWs. The findings support the implementation of different selection methods, underscoring the need of both clinicians and administrators to consider the in-hospital referral source as a potential factor associated with stroke rehabilitation outcome.
Ethnic Entrepreneurs and Movements for New Administrative Units: Lessons from Nigeria

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Many countries, especially in Africa, have increased their subnational administrative units in recent years. Researchers point to marginalized ethnic groups as a key force behind administrative subdivision. This article seeks to disentangle the relative influence of elites and the masses in prompting two movements for new administrative units in Nigeria (for Bayelsa and Ekiti states). I find that elites generated the movements, but not simply by mobilizing co-ethnics around an enduring identity. Rather, political entrepreneurs reconfigured ethnic boundaries and infused latent identities with new significance. They found ethnic appeals to be expedient for political mobilization. This finding cautions against interpreting ethnic mobilization for new districts as cultural groundswells. Overall, this article contributes to the emerging debate over the sources of demand for new administrative units in the developing world.
Multidisciplinary Real-Time Model for Krishi Seva

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In India, Farmers contribute more than 17% to the Indian GDP but they are not getting what they deserve. Krishi - Seva is an online portal where farmers can check their soil rating and expected crop production, can directly communicate to consumers, can have a contract with third-party (exporters), and also can consult with the farming experts whoever they want. This platform is implemented using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and used PHP for the backend. During this project, we used the Scrum framework of the Agile Development Model. This paper shows the requirement of such a platform so that farmers can get more attention based on Rating.
Study on flavor precursors,nutritional and eating quality of meat for different pig breeds

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Sixty Laiwu (n=24), Lulai Black (n=24) and Yorkshire (n=12) castrated boars were used to analyze the differences of flavor precursors, nutritional and eating quality of muscle in different pig breeds. Results showed as follows: 1) Compared with Yorkshire, the flavor precursors in muscle of Laiwu, such as intramuscular fat (IMF), saturated fatty acids and mono unsaturated fatty acids (palmitoleic acid and oleic acid) were remarkably increased (P<0.05), but the content of poly unsaturated fatty acids was evidently reduced (P<0.05). Among the three breeds, Laiwu had the highest content of inosine-5 -monophosphate (IMP), and Yorkshire had the highest content of reducing sugar, and Lulai Black had the highest content of essential amino acid and delicate flavor amino acid, but the differences were all not significant (P>0.05). 2) For general meat quality, different breeds had significant effects on meat color, marbling, pH, drip loss, water holding percentage and cooking loss (P<0.05). Compared with Yorkshire, Laiwu and Lulai Black pigs were bright red in meat color, higher in water binding capacity and abundant in IMF content. It is proved that Laiwu and Lulai Black pigs can be used as important parent resources to produce high meat quality pigs for their better meat quality properties.
Rotational Constants of Torsionally Excited Molecules

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Molecular torsion is described by a model which has only one internal degree of freedom but allows for distortions depending on the torsional angle τ. Evidence for such distortions is found by comparing observed and calculated rotational constants associated with ground and excited states of skeletal torsion in symmetric conformers of ethyl formate, propionyl fluoride, and fluoroacetyl fluoride. For these cases, possible torsional modes involving only skeletal angular distortions are discussed. Effective rotational constants are calculated from exact energy levels for J = 0 and J = 1. A convenient numerical method, based on discretization of the torsional angle and trigonometric interpolation, is applied and tested with respect to over-all numerical convergence. An internal axis method is found to converge faster than the principal axis method and shows that the effective rotational constants are approximated to considerable accuracy by the expectation values of instantaneous rotational constants if the respective torsional wavefunctions are localized. In such cases it is easy to evaluate corrected instantaneous rotational constants which may be related in the usual way to a τ-dependent molecular structure, i.e., to the torsional mode.
d-Amphetamine discrimination established under a conditional discrimination procedure in pigeons.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Pigeons were brought under discriminative control of d-amphetamine vs saline injections. Two colored stimuli, blue and green, were presented on a key, and the pecking response to one of them was reinforced under Random Interval 30 sec, whereas key pecks to the other were extinguished. The schedule associated with each colored light was conditional on pharmacological treatment: pecks to the blue stimulus were reinforced when d-amphetamine had been injected, and pecks to the green stimulus, following saline injection. Control by injection was established, and dose-response curves resembled that obtained under two- or three- key choice training procedures.
Auditory Task Irrelevance: A Basis for Inattentional Deafness

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Objective This study investigates the neural basis of inattentional deafness, which could result from task irrelevance in the auditory modality. Background Humans can fail to respond to auditory alarms under high workload situations. This failure, termed inattentional deafness, is often attributed to high workload in the visual modality, which reduces one’s capacity for information processing. Besides this, our capacity for processing auditory information could also be selectively diminished if there is no obvious task relevance in the auditory channel. This could be another contributing factor given the rarity of auditory warnings. Method Forty-eight participants performed a visuomotor tracking task while auditory stimuli were presented: a frequent pure tone, an infrequent pure tone, and infrequent environmental sounds. Participants were required either to respond to the presentation of the infrequent pure tone (auditory task-relevant) or not (auditory task-irrelevant). We recorded and compared the event-related potentials (ERPs) that were generated by environmental sounds, which were always task-irrelevant for both groups. These ERPs served as an index for our participants’ awareness of the task-irrelevant auditory scene. Results Manipulation of auditory task relevance influenced the brain’s response to task-irrelevant environmental sounds. Specifically, the late novelty-P3 to irrelevant environmental sounds, which underlies working memory updating, was found to be selectively enhanced by auditory task relevance independent of visuomotor workload. Conclusion Task irrelevance in the auditory modality selectively reduces our brain’s responses to unexpected and irrelevant sounds regardless of visuomotor workload. Application Presenting relevant auditory information more often could mitigate the risk of inattentional deafness.
Certificate of entitlement : policy and its effects

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Singapore is a small country with limited land. If there are no controls on the growth of vehicle population, there may come to a stage when the roads available are not enough for usage, resulting in severe traffic congestion. The latest measure - the Certificate of Entitlement (COE) system was introduced in May 1990 in an effort to curb traffic congestion in Singapore. The transport policies prior to the implementation of the COE system have not proven successful in their attempts at curbing traffic congestion. The growth in vehicle population was still increasing. The COE system, however, sets a limit for the growth of vehicles at 4% per annum to restrict car ownership in Singapore. Since implementation, the trend in COE prices has been increasing, due to several demand and supply factors. The main objective of our study is to examine the impact of the COE system on consumers, car dealers and the government. Decisions to buy a car have been affected by the COE system as the cost of new cars has increased substantially. Car dealers also have to promote themselves more aggressively in order to maintain their competitiveness in the market. On the other hand, the government is able to achieve its aim of controlling car growth. The introduction of the Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) system in 1996 will enable more COEs to be available as the restraining will be on usage rather than ownership. Traffic congestion is a problem in many countries. Singapore has currently chosen restraint on car ownership as the solution. Besides discussing the effectiveness of the COE system in solving traffic congestion problem, we will also be looking at some of the foreign countries traffic policies.
To Study the Effect of Drugs on Neuro-Muscular Movement Leading to Variation in Handwriting

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The goal of the present study is to describe whether a simple handwriting measure can discriminate between individuals with drug addiction. Monitoring drug-induced side effects is especially important for patients who undergo treatment with antipsychotic medications, as these drugs often produce extra pyramidal side effects (EPS) resulting in movement abnormalities similar to Parkinsonism. For the experiment, we examined writings of 9 patients who were undergoing treatment at a rehabilitation centre. Participants were instructed to write a illustrated text when in normal condition as well as under drug induced condition. There were four important observations from this study: (1) Drug-induced patients exhibited impaired movement velocities and velocity scaling; (2) there was a positive correlation between the font size scaling for drug-induced condition and normal; (3) Participants displayed abnormalities in movement smoothness in the form of tremors in drug induced conditions; and (4) There was a positive correlation between pen movement and pictorial effect of the participant before and after drug induction.
Petrous Apex Cephalocele: Contribution of the Co- existing Intracranial Pathologies to Etiopathogenesis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Poster: ECR 2014 / C-1466 / Petrous Apex Cephalocele: Contribution of the Co- existing Intracranial Pathologies to Etiopathogenesis by: M. Cavusoglu , S. DURAN, G. HATIPOGLU, D. Sozmen Ciliz, E. Elverici, B. Sakman; Ankara/TR
A Compact Triple-band Filtering Microstrip Patch Antenna with the Same Polarization Planes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel compact flltering microstrip patch antenna with triple-band operation is presented for WLAN/TD-LTE wireless applications. The proposed design is composed of a patch with slot-loaded parasitic elements and a stepped-impedance resonator which shares the same apertured ground. Using full-wave simulator HFSS, the broadside coupling coe-cient can be extracted to determine the dimension of the aperture. The antenna has similar broadside radiation patterns in both E- and H-planes in the three frequency bands. Meanwhile, the antenna provides good selectivity as well as the same polarization planes.
A Polynomial Algorithm for Minimizing $k$-Distant Submodular Functions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper considers the minimization problem of relaxed submodular functions. For a positive integer $k$, a set function is called $k$-distant submodular if the submodular inequality holds for every pair whose symmetric difference is at least $k$. This paper provides a polynomial time algorithm to minimize $k$-distant submodular functions for a fixed positive integer $k$. This result generalizes the tractable result of minimizing 2/3-submodular functions, which satisfy the submodular inequality for at least two pairs formed from every distinct three sets.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual Reaction of Trifluoroacetone with Benzenesulfenyl Chloride

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
UNSTEADYWAKE OF A PASSENGER CAR MOOEL

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

How around an automobile is usually considered as steady phenomenon. Aerodynamic coefficients, the most imponant of which is the drag coefficient, are regarded as constants because of the steady flow around the vehicle body. Them is a thought however, the flow separations and the vortical motions around the body me unsteady and the constant drag coefficient can be obtained as a time averaged value of unsteady forces. The present study has been carried out horn this view point The unsteady wake structure up to 300 Hz of a scale vehicle model was measured using 252 total pressure probes. The measuring system is based on ESP (Electronically Scanned Pressure) sensors, which is very popular in the wind engineering field. The results show the wake of the vehicle model has unsteady structure.
Presence Over Time in Synchronous Communities of Inquiry

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Abstract This study investigated the small-group, learner-led discussion process in synchronous discussions. Transcripts from online chats and face-to-face discussions were analyzed within the context of the Community of Inquiry framework to examine the relationship of teaching presence, social presence, and cognitive presence to one another and for evidence of changes in frequency of teaching, social, and cognitive presence over time. Findings suggest that social presence and cognitive presence are highly positively correlated and that teaching presence and social presence are moderately positively correlated in learner-led synchronous environments. The frequency of teaching, social, and cognitive presence did not change over time for either group. Findings also indicate that neither the group meeting online nor the group meeting face-to-face attained high levels of cognitive presence integration or resolution. ACKNOWLEDGMENT We thank Mona R. Simons for her assistance coding transcripts.
Chapter 4: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

PreviousNext No AccessA Practical Guide to PharmacoeconomicsChapter 4: Cost-Effectiveness Analysishttps://doi.org/10.21019/9781582123196.ch4 SectionsAboutFull TextReferences ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Abstract: Context for Pharmacists Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is the most frequently discussed pharmacoeconomic analysis in the pharmacy literature. It is used to determine the comparative value of alternative treatments. The most obvious cost-effective alternative is one that is less costly and more effective than the other choices. However, an alternative may be considered the most cost-effective if it is less costly and less effective but the difference in effectiveness is not worth the difference in cost. Conversely, the alternative that costs more and is more effective may be more cost-effective if the difference in cost is worth the difference in effectiveness. References1. Lee JT, Sanchez LA. Interpretation of "cost-effective" and soundness of economic evaluations in the pharmacy literature. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1991;48(12):2622–2627. Medline, Google Scholar, 2. "economic utility." Business Dictionary website. http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/economic-utility.html. Google Scholar, 3. 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36). RAND Health Care website. https://www.rand.org/health/surveys_tools/mos/36-item-short-form.html. Google Scholar, 4. Health Utilities Inc. website. http://www.healthutilities.com/. Google Scholar, 5. EQ-5D. EuroQol website. https://euroqol.org/. Google Scholar, 6. What is PROQUOLID? ePROVIDE website. https://eprovide.mapi-trust.org/about/about-proqolid. Accessed May 8, 2019. Google Scholar, 7. Payakachat N, Gubbins PO, Ragland D, Flowers SK, Stowe CD. Factors associated with health-related quality of life of student pharmacists. Am J Pharm Educ. 2014;78(1):7. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar, 8. Harmonizing patient reported outcomes issues used in drug development and evaluation. Patient Reported Outcomes Harmonization Group website. http://www.eriqa-project.com/pro-harmo/home.html. Accessed January 11, 2019. Google Scholar, PreviousNext Session Activity Recently Viewed Chapter 4: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Stephanie C. Peshek and Jennifer M. Morrison Recently Searched No search history FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Published: 24 March 2020eISBN: 1-58212-336-5 Copyright & Permissions© 2020 by the American Pharmacists Association. All rights reserved.© 2020 by the American Pharmacists Association. All rights reserved Publisher American Pharmacists Association HistoryPublished: 24 March 2020 Citation Information (2020), "Chapter 4: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis," A Practical Guide to Pharmacoeconomics https://doi.org/10.21019/9781582123196.ch4 Loading ...
The use of three phases technique to improve students participation and reading comprehension in narrative text

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article is about the use of three phases technique to improve students’ participation and reading comprehension in narrative text. In order to achieve the objectives of this research, the writer adopted and action research design. The subject of this research was class 8G of SMP N 30 Semarang in the academic year 2012/2013 which consist of 37 students. There weretwo cycles with four phases in each cycle. They were planning, acting, observing and reflecting. The instrument for collecting data, the writer used observation checklist, field notes, test, questionnaire and documentation. The result of this study showed that three phases technique could improve students’ participation and reading comprehension in narrative text. Three phases technique namely pre reading, while reading and post reading can lead the students be more active and enthusiastic during teaching and learning process. By using three phases technique, students easily understand the content of the text and also they were active asking and giving their argument about narrative text.
[Value of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody detection for early diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The diagnosis of LADA can be established according to GAD-Ab-positivity, clinical characteristics and islet function. Patients with LADA should receive insulin therapy as early as possible to protect the residue islet B cells, reduce the occurrence of ketosis, and prevent diabetic complications of the eye, kidney and nerves.
Cervical Epidural Blockade: A Technique in Disuse or Alternative to Other Techniques

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The cervical epidural blockade is a procedure that little is done through fear, ignorance and lack of training in medical units residences.Anatomy is not very different from other neuraxial areas, which gives a similar especially lumbar approach.Complications are rare, knowing the changes in various systems; it is possible to perform in expert hands as surely a lumbar epidural block from the technical point of view.Convenient serious studies and compare different techniques of regional anesthesia to assess risk, comfort and cost.
Parameterized T-Norm and Co-Norm based Intuitionistic Fuzzy Optimization Technique and its Application

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Real world engineering problems are usually designed by the presence of many conflicting objectives.In this paper, an approach is developed to solve multi-objective structural design using parameterized t-norms and t-co-norms based intuitionistic fuzzy optimization technique.Here binary tnorms, t-conorms are extended in the form of n-ary t-norms and t-co-norms and their basic properties are discussed with some special cases.In this paper we have considered a multi objective structural optimization model with weight and deflection as objectives and stress as constraint function.Here design variables are considered as cross sectional area of bars.This classical truss optimization example is presented here in to demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed optimization approach.Numerical example is given here to illustrate this structural model through this approximation method.