jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Regional and cellular distribution of DAO in the human brain

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Copyright information:Taken from "-Amino acid oxidase and serine racemase in human brain: normal distribution and altered expression in schizophrenia"The European Journal of Neuroscience 2007;26(6):1657-1669.Published online Jan 2007PMCID:PMC2121142.© The Authors (2007). Journal Compilation © Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and Blackwell Publishing Ltd (A) DAO immunoreactivity in the DPFC demonstrating an enhancement of labelling in the grey matter (gm) compared with the white matter (wm). (B) DAO immunoreactivity in DPFC grey matter demonstrating immunolabelling of pyramidal neurons (*), throughout their cell bodies, and sometimes granular. Punctate spots of immunolabelling are seen throughout the neuropil (arrows), in addition to the labelling of occasional small round cells (arrowhead). Inset: DAO immunoreactivity in the white matter as punctate spots of fibre labelling and moderate staining of numerous small round cells, often with peri-cellular enhancement (*). (C) Emulsion dipped antisense hybridized DPFC sections showing localization of DAO mRNA to pyramidal cells (arrows). (C′) Corresponding image after sense probe hybridization. (D) DAO immunoreactivity in the hippocampus, demonstrating labelling predominantly in neuronal subfields ca1–4 and (in some cases) in the granule cells of the dentate gyrus (dg). (E) DAO immunoreactivity in ca1 pyramidal neurons. (F) Dentate gyrus, showing moderate staining of granule cells (dg). (G) Cerebellar DAO immunoreactivity showing localization predominantly to the Purkinje cell layer (pcl) with moderate immunolabelling in the molecular layer (ml), granule cell layer (gcl) and white matter (wm). (H) DAO immunoreactivity in the cerebellum demonstrating strongly immunopositive putative Bergmann glia (arrows) in the Purkinje cell layer (pcl) with unstained Purkinje cells (*). In the molecular layer (ml) moderate immunolabelling of putative Bergmann glia radial processes (rp) can be seen. (I) Cerebellar DAO immunoreactivity localized to small round cells of similar size in the molecular layer (arrow a), granule cell layer (arrow b) and white matter (arrow c). Often these cells showed peri-cellular enhancement in staining (inset). (J) Pre-adsorption control for DAO immunohistochemistry in the cerebellum. (K) Emulsion dipped antisense hybridized sections demonstrating silver grains clustered over putative Bergmann glia (arrows) but not over Purkinje cells (*) or the granule cell layer (gcl). (L) DAO immunoreactivity in the substantia nigra pars compacta localized to large neurons and to some small round cells, putatively glia (arrows). Cresyl violet-stained sections (inset) demonstrate lipofuscin in neurons (arrow). Scale bars = 1 mm (A), 0.5 mm (D, G), 50 µm (B, C, C′, E, F, H–L).
Highly Sensitive Method to Detect mRNAs in Individual Cells by Direct RT-PCR Using Tth DNA Polymerase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A new method for detecting the expression of low-abundance mRNA molecules has been developed that combines the sensitivity of PCR, the high efficiency and specificity of reverse transcription (RT) using Tth DNA polymerase at high temperature, and the enhancement of sensitivity and specificity of nested PCR. This method is highly sensitive, reproducible and allows the detection of mRNAs in individual cells by direct RT-PCR.
Does Head Start Improve Children's Life Chances? Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper exploits a new source of variation in Head Start funding to identify the program s effects on health and schooling. In 1965 the Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO) provided technical assistance to the 300 poorest counties in the U.S. to develop Head Start funding proposals. The result was a large and lasting discontinuity in Head Start funding rates at the OEO cutoff for grant-writing assistance, but no discontinuity in other forms of federal social spending. We find evidence of a large negative discontinuity at the OEO cutoff in mortality rates for children ages 5-9 from causes that could be affected by Head Start, but not for other mortality causes or birth cohorts that should not be affected by the program. We also find suggestive evidence for a positive effect of Head Start on educational attainment in both the 1990 Census, concentrated among those cohorts born late enough to have been exposed to the program, and among respondents in the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988.
Joint Robustness of Time-Varying Networks and Its Applications to Resilient Consensus

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The notion of network robustness reported in some existing literature well characterizes the graph-theoretic properties of networked agent systems (NASs) with a fixed communication graph for seeking resilient consensus. Yet, our systematic understanding of the graph properties for achieving resilient consensus of NASs with time-varying communication graphs remains limited. This study aims to investigate the resilient consensus problem of NASs with misbehaving agents and time-varying communication graphs under certain mean-subsequence-reduced algorithms, with particular attention to formulating and revealing the graph-theoretic properties of the time-varying interaction graphs responsible for resilient consensus. Specifically, to achieve resilient consensus, each agent will first discard some extremely large and small values received from its neighbors and then generate the control input based upon the remaining neighbors' values at every time instant. To characterize the graph-theoretic properties of NASs subject to time-varying communication graphs for realizing resilient consensus in spite of the influence of misbehaving individuals, a new graph-theoretic property of the NASs, namely the joint robustness , is introduced. This new property connects the network robustness of the fixed graph with the property of time-varying interaction graphs jointly containing a directed spanning tree. Several necessary and sufficient criteria for resilient consensus of NASs with first-order and second-order individual dynamics subject to time-varying communication graphs are, respectively, proven and analyzed in the framework of joint robustness. At last, the effectiveness of the analytical findings is validated by performing numerical simulations.
Patient and Provider Satisfaction With a Geomapping Tool for Finding Community Family Physicians in Ontario, Canada: Cross-Sectional Online Survey Study (Preprint)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND

Language-concordant health care, or health care in a patient’s language of choice, is an important element of health accessibility that improves patient safety and comfort and facilitates an increased quality of care. However, prior research has found that linguistic minorities often face higher travel burdens to access language-concordant care compared to the general population.

OBJECTIVE

This study intended to assess patient experiences and satisfaction with an online interactive physician map that allows patients to find family physicians who speak their preferred language in and around Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, as a means of identifying areas of improvement.

METHODS

This study used an online survey with questions related to user satisfaction. Responses to Likert-scale questions were compiled as summary statistics and short-answer responses underwent thematic analysis. The study setting was Ottawa and Renfrew County, Ontario, and the surrounding region, including the province of Quebec.

RESULTS

A total of 93 respondents completed the survey and self-identified as living in Ontario or Quebec. Overall, 57 (61%) respondents were “very satisfied” or “somewhat satisfied” with the map, 16 (17%) were “neither satisfied nor dissatisfied,” and 20 (22%) were “very dissatisfied” or “somewhat dissatisfied.” We found no significant differences in satisfaction by preferred language, age group, physician attachment, or intended beneficiary. A total of 56 respondents provided short-answer responses to an open-ended question about map improvements. The most common specific suggestion was to show which physicians are accepting new patients (n=20). Other suggestions included data refreshes (n=6), user interface adjustments (n=23), and additional languages (n=2). Some participants also provided positive feedback (n=5) or expressed concern with their inability to find a family physician (n=5). Several comments included multiple suggestions.

CONCLUSIONS

While most patients were satisfied with the online map, a significant minority expressed dissatisfaction that the map did not show which family physicians were accepting new patients. This suggests that there may be public interest in an accessible database of which family physicians in Ontario are currently accepting new patients.
Assessment of encrustation and physicochemical properties of poly(lactide‐glycolide) ‐ Papaverine hydrochloride coating on ureteral double‐J stents after long‐term flow of artificial urine

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Implantation of ureteral stents is associated with inconvenience for the patient, which is related to the natural ability of the ureter to contract. The most frequently used solution is the systemic administration of a diastolic drug, which has a relaxing effect on smooth muscle cells and decreases inconvenience. Current interdisciplinary research aimed at reducing the complications after the implantation of ureteral stents used in the treatment of upper urinary tracts with regard to infection, initiation of encrustation, and fragmentation of stents, and patient pain has not been resolved. This study presents the results of research regarding the impact of a biodegradable coating with the active substance on the physical and chemical properties of ureteral stents used in the treatment of the upper urinary tract. The surface of polyurethane double‐J stents was coated with poly(lactide‐glycolide) (PLGA) 85/15 loaded with papaverine hydrochloride (PAP) with diastolic properties. The coating for ureteral stents has been designed for short‐term implantation. The effect of the coating on the process of encrustation and PAP release by the dynamic in vitro model with artificial urine (AU) up to 30 days was evaluated. The influence of AU on the physical and chemical properties of ureteral stents was determined. As part of the study, surface structure and topography researches; chemical composition analyses using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and wetting; and surface roughness studies of both PUR stents and coated stents were carried out. The proposed biodegradable PLGA+PAP coating is characterized by controlled drug release, while optimal physicochemical properties does not increase the encrustation process.
Bifurcation Analysis of a One-Prey and Two-Predators Model with Additional Food and Harvesting Subject to Toxicity

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a three-dimensional one-prey and two-predators model, with additional food and harvesting in the presence of toxicity is proposed. Additional food is being provided to one predator. The dynamics and bifurcations of the system are investigated using center manifold theorem, normal form theory and Sotomayor’s theorem. It is proved that the system undergoes transcritical bifurcation, saddle-node bifurcation, Hopf bifurcation, generalized Hopf bifurcation, Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation and cusp bifurcation with respect to different parameters. Bifurcation diagrams of the system with respect to toxic effect and harvesting effect are illustrated. The phase portraits and solution curves are also presented to verify the dynamic behavior. The results show that the combined effect of the factors has the power of transforming simple ecosystems into complex ecosystems.
Hypsizygus marmoreus extract exhibited antioxidant effects to promote longevity and stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Hypsizygus marmoreus has many health benefits due to its phytochemicals such as phenolics. Our research found that Hypsizygus marmoreus extract played an antioxidant role in promoting the lifespan and healthspan of Caenorhabditis elegans .
Four-Component Synthetic Food Bait for Attracting Both Sexes of the Melon Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Four-Component Synthetic Food Bait for Attracting Both Sexes of the Melon Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Get access N. Wakabayashi, N. Wakabayashi USDA-ARS, Beltsville, Maryland 20705 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. T. Cunningham R. T. Cunningham USDA-ARS, Beltsville, Maryland 20705 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 84, Issue 6, 1 December 1991, Pages 1672–1676, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/84.6.1672 Published: 01 December 1991 Article history Received: 17 September 1990 Accepted: 09 April 1991 Published: 01 December 1991
[Epidemiology and prophylaxis of viral hemorrhagic fevers].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A review of virus hemorrhagic fevers has been carried out. The different etiological agents belong either to arboviruses, either to related genera. The authors recall the main epidemiological aspects, in particular the transmission ways and means. Prophylaxis is to be taught of which behaviour can be taken in regard to a questionable case as well as permanent measures of control on the field. Although an extreme carefulness is necessary, the experience of the recent past years indicate that classical measures of isolation are generally adequate to prevent any emergence of secondary cases.
Technology in Sumerian Text Translation: A Review of Tools and Techniques

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Sumerian language, among the earliest recorded languages, originated in Mesopotamia centuries ago and was inscribed on clay tablets using "cuneiform." These artifacts are currently housed in several museums in Iraq and internationally. The translation of these inscriptions poses a challenge for scholars due to the scarcity of texts and their intricate structure, necessitating a labor-intensive manual translation process that is susceptible to errors. Nonetheless, the progression of contemporary technology, particularly in machine learning (ML), natural language processing (NLP), and optical character recognition (OCR), is ushering Sumerian text translation into a new epoch. This research examines the utilization of digital technology to analyze and interpret Sumerian culture, emphasizing successful implementations, ongoing initiatives, and prospective advancements. Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) with specialist expertise might enhance the accuracy and accessibility of Sumerian translation, therefore preserving and elucidating ancient history.
Chest-Wall Tumors and Surgical Techniques: State-of-the-Art and Our Institutional Experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The chest wall can be involved in both primary and secondary tumors, and even today, their management and treatment continue to be a challenge for surgeons. Primary chest-wall tumors are relatively rare and include a large group of neoplasms that can arise from not only bone or cartilage of the chest wall but also from associated subcutaneous tissue from muscle and blood vessels. Secondary tumors refer to a direct invasion of the chest wall by neoplasms located elsewhere in the body, mainly metastases from breast cancer and lung cancer. En-bloc surgical excision of the lesion should ensure adequate negative margins to avoid local recurrence, and a full thickness surgical resection is often required, and it can result in important chest-wall defects such as skeletal instability or impaired breathing dynamics. The reconstruction of large defects of the chest wall can be complex and often requires the use of prosthetic and biologic mesh materials. This article aims to review the literature on these tumor entities, focusing on the main surgical techniques and the most recent advances in chest-wall resection and reconstruction. We also report on the institutional experience our center.
Quantitative Evaluation of the Stability of gem-Diaurated Species in Reactions with Nucleophiles

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The reactivity of diaurated species toward nucleophiles was investigated. The reaction yields vinyl gold species and is described as simple SN2 ligand exchange at gold. Using suitably strong nucleophiles, equilibrium constants were determined to measure the stability of various diaurated species. On the basis of these equilibrium constants the influence of ligand and the nature of vinyl cores on the stability were analyzed. These results have direct implication for gold catalysis: it was demonstrated that vinyl gold intermediates bind the catalytic LAu+ species generally stronger than an alkyne (the substrate) by a factor of 106–109. This demonstrates that the formation of diaurated species from vinyl gold intermediates is thermodynamically favored in a catalytic reaction.
A New Method for the Analysis of Fatty Acid Mixtures by Gas Chromatography

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Journal Article A New Method for the Analysis of Fatty Acid Mixtures by Gas Chromatography Get access Shun Noguchi, Shun Noguchi Kyoritsu Women’s University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Fumiko Nakazawa Fumiko Nakazawa Kyoritsu Women’s University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 37, Issue 8, 1 August 1973, Pages 1973–1975, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1973.10860936 Published: 01 August 1973 Article history Received: 17 February 1973 Published: 01 August 1973
Evidence for pearl-like magnetic island structures at dawn and dusk side magnetopause

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Two-dimensional magnetopause structure with a series of pearl-like magnetic islands at the dawn side of the equatorial plane was reported earlier by Hau and Sonnerup (1999) from the AMPTE/IRM data by solving the Grad-Shafranov equation as a spatial initial value problem. This paper presents another rare event that appears like the image of the dawn event at the dusk side magnetopause based on the analysis of two years satellite data and similar reconstruction method. The two crossings occur at (x, y, z) = (7.13,−6.64, 0.4) and (7.93, 9.06,−1.89)R E with magnetopause normal n̂ being (0.85,−0.52, 0.003) and (0.82, 0.55,−0.17) in the GSE coordinates, respectively. Both events are tangential discontinuity-like structures with shear angles being 124° and 97° and convect tailward with the deHoffmann-Teller frame velocity VHT of (−141.88,−215.47,72.48) and (−100.26, 144.52,20.90) (km/s), respectively, that form approximately 90° from n̂. The magnetic field configurations in both cases show great similarity with the same island width of ∼500 km and aspect ratio of ∼0.2.
Implementation of a Training Program to Improve the CRNA Precepting Experience at an Academic Medical Center

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Formal preceptorship training has been shown to improve the comfort and confidence with precepting across many disciplines. Currently, there is no training program in place for the Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) preceptors at a large academic medical center in West Virginia. The overarching goal of this quality improvement (QI) project was to implement a formal preceptorship training for the CRNAs at the facility of interest. The training, or intervention, was the Preceptor Essentials Parts I and II on NetLearning. This project followed the pre-intervention-post-survey design. The participants were self-selected CRNAs. The survey results were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and descriptive statistics to evaluate the effectiveness and usefulness of this intervention. The participants showed a statistically significant improvement in satisfaction with their preparation for precepting (p=0.029). They also showed improvements with confidence in their ability to precept (p=0.629), comfort in actively coaching (p=0.337), and comfort in working with different personalities or learning styles than their own (p=0.507), but not to a statistically significant amount. The results were borderline significant for improving confidence in providing feedback (p=0.067). All pre-training survey participants (n=19) denied having previous formal preceptor training. The post-training survey participants (n=11) were all satisfied with the mode of learning, computer-based and self-paced. Although past studies have shown statistically significant improvements with preceptors’ comfort and confidence following formal preceptorship training, this QI Project did not show all statistically significant improvements, but all areas did improve from the pre- to post-training surveys, supporting clinical significance.
ESA Station Tracking Network (ESTRACK) Augmented by the Second Deep Space Antenna at Cebreros, Spain

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

ESA’s first Deep Space Antenna (DSA1) was erected in New Norcia in Western Australia and has been in use since June 2003 for the European Mars Express project and the Rosetta spacecraft launched in March 2004. The second ESA Deep Space Antenna (DSA2) is erected in Cebreros, Spain. The new Deep Space Antenna has undergone extensive testing with existing spacecraft and has been used for operations since November 2005. The first operational application was Venus Express. This second antenna (DSA2) is similar to the first one, however differs in some aspects, such as frequency bands and higher performance. In particular the pointing accuracy has been approved by a factor of two. These two antennas are part of ESTRACK, and may be complemented by a third deep space facility in the future. Both antennas are operated remotely from the European Operation Control Centre in Darmstadt, Germany. The paper describes the current and future operational scenario for these deep space antennas, and their design criteria and the performance. It addresses the differences between the two antennas, specific equipment developed for these antennas, and the major technical achievements that have been made. Emphasis is given to features that satisfy the multimission support capabilities, including operation in multiple frequency bands, simultaneous uplink and downlink operation with high G/T and EIRP, and remote control. The 35 meter parabolic reflector antennas include a full motion turning head pedestal with a beam waveguide feed system, cryogenically cooled S, X, and Ka-band Low Noise Amplifiers (LNAs), 20 kW S and X-band transmitters and other front-end equipment.
NATEPERKINS.TV: with AM 1380 Radio Thousand To FREE Mr. Genarlow Wilson From Douglas County Prison

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

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