jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Association Between Infection of Endodontic Origin, Their Management and Systemic Health: A Narrative Literature Review

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective: The most common dental condition is root canal infection. A focal infection is a localised or widespread infection that is caused by the systemic spread of microbes or their metabolites from one or more different foci of infection. A focus of infection, which is described as "a restricted area that is continuously infected with hazardous bacteria," may exist everywhere in the body. In the literature on medicine and dentistry, the tonsils, adenoids, oral tissues, and other structures have all been considered as potential infection sites. This review will evaluate the current research on the dynamic relationships between infections of endodontic origin, endodontic therapy, and overall health in light of new information that has since come to light. Methods and materials: A comprehensive search was conducted for all non-grey literature published using the online platforms PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus, web of sciences. To make sure that all pertinent studies were found, the succeeding search keywords were applied.: “endodontic infections”, “systemic conditions”, “management”, “apical periodontitis”, “diabetes”, “hypertension”. Furthermore, all appropriate scientific papers on role of endodontic infections and their management in different systemic diseases were included. 18 articles were included in the review. Results: Articles showed that the advancement and progression of CVDs have been linked to higher concentrations of inflammatory markers in individuals with periodontitis at root apex, according to a number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Persistent periodontitis at root apex may influence the onset and development of atherosclerosis through a number of different possible mechanisms. The literature provides significant support for the notion that people with DM had higher rates of apical periodontitis, larger periapical lesions, and more periapical infections than patients without diabetes. Conclusion: There is growing evidence that prolonged apical periodontitis-related bacteraemia and reduced inflammatory cytokines may have a deleterious impact on systemic health, including CVD development, autoimmune disorders, and diabetic metabolic dysregulation. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.22 (Special Issue) 2023 p.78-88
Persistence of Helicobacter pylori in Heterotrophic Drinking-Water Biofilms

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Although the route of transmission of Helicobacter pylori remains unknown, drinking water has been considered a possible transmission vector. It has been shown previously that, in water, biofilms are a protective niche for several pathogens, protecting them from stressful conditions, such as low carbon concentration, shear stress, and less-than-optimal temperatures. In this work, the influence of these three parameters on the persistence and cultivability of H. pylori in drinking-water biofilms was studied. Autochthonous biofilm consortia were formed in a two-stage chemostat system and then inoculated with the pathogen. Total numbers of H. pylori cells were determined by microscopy using a specific H. pylori 16S rRNA peptide nucleic acid probe, whereas cultivable cells were assessed by standard plating onto selective H. pylori medium. Cultivable H. pylori could not be detected at any time point, but the ability of H. pylori cells to incorporate, undergo morphological transformations, persist, and even agglomerate in biofilms for at least 31 days without a noticeable decrease in the total cell number (on average, the concentration was between 1.54 × 10 6 and 2.25 × 10 6 cells cm −2 ) or in the intracellular rRNA content may indicate that the loss of cultivability was due to entry into a viable but noncultivable state. Unlike previous results obtained for pure-culture H. pylori biofilms, shear stress did not negatively influence the numbers of H. pylori cells attached, suggesting that the autochthonous aquatic bacteria have an important role in retaining this pathogen in the sessile state, possibly by providing suitable microaerophilic environments or linking biomolecules to which the pathogen adheres. Therefore, biofilms appear to provide not only a safe haven for H. pylori but also a concentration mechanism so that subsequent sloughing releases a concentrated bolus of cells that might be infectious and that could escape routine grab sample microbiological analyses and be a cause of concern for public health.
Empowering Fall Prevention Through Integrated Lifestyle Medicine Strategies—From Recognition of Fall Risks to Implementation of Prevention of Falls for all in Practice

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Falls remain the leading cause of unintentional injuries across all age groups, prompting many emergency room visits. The annual estimated cost associated with falls is believed to exceed 100 billion dollars. In addressing this trend, health professional team members emerge as key players and can assume a crucial role in bridging the gap between lifestyle medicine and fall prevention. By imparting strategies aligned with the 6 pillars of lifestyle medicine, these professionals can educate individuals on risk factors, assess fall risk, and offer activities to mitigate the likelihood of future falls. This collaborative approach empowers all to take immediate and informed action, fostering a proactive stance against the prevalent issue of fall-related injuries. Through the background and practical strategies described in this paper, health professionals of various disciplines will have access to tools and knowledge to enhance their role in preventing falls using the lens of lifestyle medicine.
Selection of Optical Tomography Parameters for Gas Bubble Shape Analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract An optical tomograph in which a tested object is illuminated from five directions has been presented in the paper. The measurements of luminous intensity after changing into discrete signals (0 or 1) in the detectors equipped with 64 optical sensors were subjected to reconstruction by means of the matrix algorithm. Detailed description of the measuring sensor, as well as the principles of operation of the electronic system, has been given in the paper. Optical phenomena occurring at the phase boundary while transmitted through the sensor wall and phenomena inside the measuring space have also been taken into account. The method of the sensor calibration has been analysed and a way of technical solution of the problem under consideration has been discussed. The elaborated method has been tested using objects of the known shape and dimensions. It was found that reconstruction of the shapes of moving bubbles and determination of their main parameters is also possible with a reasonable accuracy.
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Separation of Phospholipids on Cobalt(III) Complex Bonded Silica Gel

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The synthesis of a new stationary phase containing a Co(III) amino complex bonded to silica gel, and its use for separating a series of phospholipids by HPLC is described. The selectivity of this support was compared to that of a weak anionic exchanger, and was also examined as a function of the organic content of the mobile phase.
Contents of Selected Elements in the Blood Serum of Broiler Chickens After Supplementation of Humic Substances

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the concentrations of mineral substances, such as: calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn); in the blood serum of broiler chicks after supplementation of humic substances. Group 1 (G1) was supplemented with 0.7 % Humac Natur Mycosorb (HNMy); G2 with 0.7 % Humac Natur Monogastric (HNM); G3 with 0.3 % HNMy; and the control group (GC) received a basal diet without any supplements. In the G2 group, the serum Ca level increased slightly compared to the other experimental groups. A statistically significant decrease (P < 0.001) in the blood serum of Mg was detected in the broilers from group G2 (0.60 mmol.l −1 ) and G1 (P < 0.05; 0.68 mmol.l −1 ) in comparison to the GC. The Zn in the blood serum of broilers from group G2 (22.05 µmol.l −1 ) was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in broilers from group G2 in comparison to the control group (19.47 µmol.l −1 ) and G1 group (19.61 µmol.l −1 ). The serum Cu (12.72 µmol.l −1 ) was significantly increased (P < 0.001) in broilers from group G2 in comparison to the GC (10.28 µmol.l −1 ). In the group G1 there was a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the level of the Cu in the blood serum (8.69 µmol.l −1 ) in comparison to the serum Cu in broilers from groups G3 (10.45 µmol.l −1 ) and G2 (12.72 µmol.l −1 ). The addition of Humac Natur Mycosorb (0.3 % and 0.7 %) in the feed caused a strong correlation in the blood serum between the Ca and Mg (r = 0.7494; r = 0.7648). The addition of 0.3 % Humac Natur Mycosorb in the feed caused a high negative correlation (r = –0.7078) in the blood serum between the Mg and Zn.
3P048 Computer simulations of nitric oxide reductase : proton transfer pathways and mechanisms(Protein: Structure & Function,The 48th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

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Update on the management of Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia: role of nilotinib

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Josephine Emole,1 Taiwo Talabi,2 Javier Pinilla-Ibarz1 1Department of Malignant Hematology, 2Moffitt Program for Outreach Wellness Education and Resources, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA Abstract: Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a pluripotent stem cell disease characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome and the bcr-abl gene. The discovery of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) revolutionized therapy for CML, such that durable response, increased overall survival, and increased progression-free survival of patients in chronic phase CML is now possible. Due to resistance and intolerance to imatinib, there was need for development of second- and third-generation TKIs for the treatment of CML. This review examines the role of nilotinib, an oral second-generation TKI, in the treatment of Philadelphia positive CML. The pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of nilotinib are critically evaluated. Patient-related issues, including tolerance, drug interactions, and quality of life issues are also examined. Keywords: chronic myelogenous leukemia, nilotinib, tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Stimulation of Human Fetal Lymphocytes by Lipopolysaccharide B in Culture

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cultures of Isopaque‐Ficoll‐isolated lymphocytes from three human sources were compared with respect to the effect of mitogens. The cell sources were maternal blood immediately after delivery, cord blood, and blood obtained by heart puncture of 10–20‐week aborted fetuses. Lipopolysaccharide B (LPS) induced incorporation of tritiated thymidine, blastic transformation, and mitotic activity in cord and fetal, but not maternal, cells. The stimulation reached a maximum on days 4–8 of culture. It was stronger than the spontaneous transformation often displayed by fetal cells. If fetal cells spontaneously occurring in the blood of pregnant women were to react in 3 similar way, it should be possible to selectively stimulate the fetal cells with LPS. Such transformed fetal cells could then be isolated from cultures of maternal blood samples and used for antenatal diagnosis of fetal disease.
Data from The Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase <i>Vaccinia</i> H1–Related Protein Inhibits Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells and Is Overexpressed in Prostate Cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Androgen ablation during the initial stages of prostate cancer causes regression of the tumor due to an increase in apoptosis and reduced cellular proliferation. However, prostate cancer invariably progresses to an androgen-independent state for poorly understood reasons. Previous studies showed that c-Jun NH<sub>2</sub> terminal kinase (JNK) is required for 12-<i>O</i>-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)– and thapsigargin (TG)–induced apoptosis in the androgen-responsive prostate cancer cell line LNCaP. Androgens protect LNCaP cells from TPA-induced or TG-induced apoptosis via down-regulation of JNK activation. However, the molecular mechanisms of this inhibition are not clear. Here, we systematically investigated the possible regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatases/dual-specificity phosphatases during apoptosis of LNCaP cells and found that <i>Vaccinia</i> H1–related protein (VHR/DUSP3) is up-regulated by androgens during inhibition of apoptosis in LNCaP cells, but not in androgen-independent DU145 cells. Ectopic expression of wild-type VHR, but not a catalytically inactive mutant, interfered with TPA- and TG-induced apoptosis. Consistently, small interfering RNA–mediated knockdown of endogenous VHR increased apoptosis in response to TPA or TG in the presence of androgens. Furthermore, COS7 cells stably expressing wild-type VHR, but not a mutant, had a decrease in JNK phosphorylation. <i>In vivo</i>, VHR expression decreased in the androgen-dependent human prostate cancer xenograft CWR22 upon androgen withdrawal and was inversely correlated to JNK phosphorylation. Expression analysis in human prostate cancer specimens showed that VHR is increased in prostate cancer compared with normal prostate. These data show that VHR has a direct role in the inhibition of JNK-dependent apoptosis in LNCaP cells and may therefore have a role in prostate cancer progression. [Cancer Res 2008;68(22):9255–64]</p></div>
Carotid Body Tumor Resection in Alzahra Hospital During 2004-2009: Complication and Outcome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: surgical resection without preoperative angioembolization is an appropriate treatment for carotid body tumor but may lead to unwanted complications. The aim of present study is to define characteristics, complications, and outcomes of patients with carotid body tumor treated without embolization and by subadvantitial tumor resection. Methods: this cross sectional study was performed in Al Zahra hospital during 2004-2009 among patients candidate for carotid body tumor resection. Demographic data as well as complications attributed to operation were collected. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Finding: 32 patients and 36 operations were enrolled. Mean age was 51.4 13.62 years. 12.5 % of subjects were male and 87.5% were female. All tumors were diagnosed as paraganglioma by histopathology examination. Mean size of tumors was 3.4 0.91 cm. Cervical lymphadenopathy was the most common complication and orthostatic hypotension was tge second one. Conclusion: The rate of complications among our series of patients operated without preoperative angioembolization via subadvantisial dissection were overall acceptable.
Expression and clinical significance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae antigen in the colon tissues of inflammatory bowel disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To investigate the expression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae antigen(S.cerevisiae) in the colon tissues of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD),assess the value of S.cerevisiae in diagnosing IBD,and explore whether S.cerevisiae play the potential role in the pathogenesis of IBD.Methods Tissue specimens were from 47 IBD patients,including 22 with Crohn's disease(CD),25 with ulcerative colitis(UC),who underwent colonoscopy or colectomy in our hospital between January 2003 and April 2009.And 20 with non-IBD colitis were recruited as controls in our study.The expression of S.cerevisiae was measured using immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded tissue specimens.We performed a statistical analysis of the different expression of S.cerevisiae in three diseases.Results The immunohistochemical staining results of 47 IBD patients showed that S.cerevisiae was expressed in 86.4%(19/22) of CD,compared to 80.0%(20/25) of UC and 70.0%(14/20) of non-IBD colitis,respectively.There was no significant statistical difference of S.cerevisiae positive expression in three groups(χ2=1.716,P=0.424).Conclusions S.cerevisiae expression in IBD was specific-free.So it could not diagnose or differentially diagnose IBD as an indicator.That S.cerevisiae was widely expressed in CD,UC and non-IBD colitis,also suggesting that these antigen proteins play an uncertain role in the pathogenesis and development of IBD.
Caffeine consumption among medical students.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Recently, caffeine consumption in Japan is thought to have increased. Although caffeine had been considered to be harmless, there have been studies which suggests an association between caffeine and health and give rise to vigorous discussion. However, in Japan, there have been few epidemiological studies on caffeine consumption among a general population. A questionnaire survey was conducted among medical students and the results were as follows: 1) High dose users (estimated daily caffeine use is 250 mg or more) were observed in 15.2% and the proportion was higher in males than in females. 2) The respondents gave sleepiness, dry mouth and so on, as reasons for taking caffeine beverages, and gave, as the effects of caffeine, becoming clear-headed, shaking off sleepiness, and epigastric discomfort or pain. 3) A third of respondents have experienced taking caffeine tablets and ampules to shake off sleepiness and, in males, the more caffeine they had daily, the more who reported the experience. 4) Caffeine consumption has an association with alcohol use and smoking habit among males.
Strategy for Development of the Central Wologai Traditional Village Tourism Attraction Area, Detusoko District, Ende Regency

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to find out the strategy for developing tourism in the Wologai Tengah Traditional Village so that it can become a tourist attraction that can attract many visitors and to find out what components are needed in the development of Wologai Traditional Village tourism using SWOT analysis. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The collection of data used is interview, observation and documentation. The results of the research determine the policies that should be prioritized by the local government in an effort to develop Wologai Traditional Village Tourism objects. So the results of this study indicate that the most effective strategy can have a positive impact on increasing visitors and tourist attraction income. Having event activities in the Wologai Traditional Village is one of the strategies to attract visitors to come. Promotion is also needed with the aim of introducing the Wologai Traditional Village Tourism Object
Advancing Cardiovascular Disease Network Analysis: A Comparative Study of Correlation-Based Graph Construction and Link Prediction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and accurate predictive models are essential for improving prevention and management strategies. This study addresses the challenge of enhancing CVD risk prediction through correlation-based graph construction and weighted link prediction algorithms. Using Pearson and Spearman correlation methods, we transformed a comprehensive dataset containing 1025 patient records and 14 key features into graph structures. Correlationbased graph construction captures feature dependencies by representing variable relationships as edges in a network. To evaluate the effectiveness of the graph representations, we applied weighted link prediction algorithms, including Weighted Common Neighbors (WCN), Weighted Preferential Attachment (WPA), and Weighted Jaccard Coefficient (WJC). The Pearson correlation-based network demonstrated exceptional performance, with the WCN algorithm achieving an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 99.80% and a Precision of 48.0%. In contrast, the Spearman correlation-based network showed robust results, with WJC achieving an AUC of 96.60% and Precision of 67.16%. The comparative analysis, conducted using Python in a Jupyter environment and employing libraries such as NetworkX and various statistical libraries, highlights the superior ability of correlation-based graphs to capture linear and non-linear relationships in CVD data. While promising, the study acknowledges limitations related to dataset size and computational complexity. Our findings suggest that correlationbased graph methods significantly enhance CVD prediction, offering a more personalized CVD prevention and management approach.
The Kantian categorical imperative and genetic engineering: An overview

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The emergence of genetic engineering as a mainstay in the medical sciences has encountered different reactions from both antagonists and protagonists with each group advancing reasons why its opinion should supersede that of the opposing group. The dichotomy mentioned above resulted from the fact that genetic engineering has often been exploited in ways that has aroused strong condemnations and has consequently put protagonists of genetic engineering on the back foot at most discourses on genetic engineering because of the lack of adequate censure on its use. This paper has identified the above mentioned and would propose the “Categorical Imperative” of Immanuel Kant as a form of control on the misuse of genetic engineering in the search for the better life. It would attempt the task at hand by showing that genetic engineering is value-free like all other technological innovations and that it becomes adoptable or condemnable based on the use to which it has been put by scientist and those who seek their expertise. The paper would examine some of the ethical issues arising from genetic engineering and project how its practice can thrive with little or no moral implications.
Suggestibility and Compliance among Alleged False Confessors and Resisters in Criminal Trials

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This paper describes a study which compares the interrogative suggestibility and compliance scores of 20 alleged false confessors and 20 subjects who had persistently denied their involvement in the crime they were charged with in spite of forensic evidence against them (labelled ‘resisters’). The two groups were ‘matched’ for age, sex, intelligence, memory recall capacity, and the seriousness of the offence. It was hypothesized that the resisters would score significantly lower on tests of suggestibility and compliance than the alleged false confessors. The findings were confirmed at a high level of significance. A separate analysis of 14 resisters and 72 alleged false confessors, where IQ and memory were used as covariates rather than ‘matching’ the two groups on the relevant variables, gave almost identical results. The clinical implications of the findings are discussed.