jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PTH-001 A National Survey of Local Hereditary Colorectal Cancer Services in the UK; A Highly Variable Approach?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction The identification of inherited gastrointestinal disease provides an opportunity to prevent colorectal cancer. Heritable factors contribute about 35% of all colorectal cancer risk which has a significant impact on clinical activity in centres managing colorectal cancer. The British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and Association of Coloproctologists of Great Britain and Ireland (ACPGBI), released updated guidelines in 2010 for the management of patients with a family history of colorectal cancer. There is evidence that adherence to these guidelines is highly variable both for endoscopic screening and testing individuals for inherited conditions such as Lynch Syndrome and the Polyposis Syndromes. The aim of this survey was therefore to facilitate understanding of how services for patients with inherited colorectal cancer risk can be improved, and to raise awareness of this issue amongst clinicians. Methods Following consultation within the BSG Cancer Group, UK Gastroenterologists, Colorectal Surgeons, Clinical and Medical Oncologists were invited to complete a short 10 point questionnaire. This was cascaded by email to 1,793 members of the Royal College of Radiologists (RCR), Association of Cancer Physicians (ACP), the BSG and ACPGBI. We sought their opinion and perception of local hereditary colorectal cancer services, also their adherence to and understanding of current national guidelines. Results Three hundred and eighty-two members responded to the survey, an overall response rate of 21.3%. Although 69% of respondents felt there was an adequate service for these patients, 64% also believed that another clinician was undertaking this work. There was no apparent patient pathway in 52% of centres, and only 33% maintain a register of these patients. Patients rarely receive initial tumour block testing for Lynch Syndrome. When asked what they would like to augment the service they receive many respondents requested ‘clear guidelines’, ‘pathways’ and dedicated support networks. Many appeared to be unaware of the BSG/ACPGBI guidelines for the management of these patients. Conclusion There was wide variability in practise and in pathways for hereditary colorectal cancer patients with a perception that they should be managed by another unspecified clinician. BSG/ACPGBI National Guidelines are not adhered to, therefore we recommend improved education, well defined pathways and audit in order to improve care of patients with hereditary colorectal cancer risk. Disclosure of Interest None Declared.
High Pressure, Temperature, and Solvent Effects on the Rate of the Diels-Alder Reaction of Furan with N-Phenylmaleimide

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The effects of temperature, solvent nature, and high pressure on the rate of the Diels-Alder reaction of furan with N-phenylmaleimide were studied. A weak acceleration of the title reaction in proton-donor media was observed in comparison to other cycloaddition and ene reactions. The volumes of activation and reaction coincided within the experimental error, in keeping with the presumed cyclic transition state.
Simulation and experimental study of the solid pulse forming lines for dielectric wall accelerator

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Two types of pulse forming lines for dielectric wall accelerator (DWA) were investigated preliminarily. By simulation with CST Microwave Studio, the results indicate the pulse forming process, which can help to understand the voltage wave transmission process and optimize the line parameters. Furthermore, the principle of the pulse forming process was proved by experiments and some excellent pulse waveforms were obtained. During the experiments, the Blumlein line and zero integral pulse (ZIP) forming line, constructed with aluminum foil, poly plate and air gap self-closing switch, were tested. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the waveform is 16 nanoseconds (BL) and 17 nanoseconds (ZIP line), and the formed pulse voltage amplitude is 5 kV (BL) and +2.2 kV/–1.6 kV (ZIP line). The experiments result coincides well with the simulation.
Feasibility and ability of laparoscopy to predict respectability in ovarian cancer: Review article

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death in gynecological malignancies and the seventh most common cancer in the world among women. Aim and objectives: The main aim of this study was to study the feasibility and ability of laparoscopy in predicting optimum respectability in cases of ovarian cancer. Conclusion: Laparoscopy has an effective feasibility and ability in predicting optimum respectability in cases of ovarian cancer. As laparoscopy before starting treatment was a reliable additional diagnostic tool in predicting result of PDS, this can prevent laparotomies. This will optimize treatment for the individual patient.
A Deep Learning Framework for Baltic Dry Index Forecasting

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Baltic Dry Index (BDI) is a widely used index that measures the changes in the transportation freight rates of the dry bulk shipping market, which could also serve as an indicator of the prosperity of both general shipping market and the world economy. As a typical non-stationary and non-linear time series, BDI is influenced by a variety of complicated factors, and thus accurately forecasting BDI is undoubtedly an important and challenging task. In this paper, a deep learning based framework for BDI forecasting is proposed, which contains a deep learning based feature extraction process and a machine learning regression process. Compared with traditional econometric and machine learning methods, this framework could greatly boost the prediction accuracy through capturing some in-depth features.
Crataegus laevigata

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

7. ◊ Crataegus laevigata ‘Paul’s Scarlet’ Rare variety reported by Misiewicz (1986) as C. oxyacantha L. ‘Paul’s Scarlet’ – 9 localities: AC5797, AC6704, AC6705, AC6706, AC6707, AC6715, AC6716, AC6723, AC6726, and as element of urban street greenery.
Aluminum Content of Source Plasma and Sodium Citrate Anticoagulant

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The concentration of aluminum was determined in samples of source plasma collected by the normal plasmapheresis procedure, which involves collection in anticoagulant and immediate freezing. Samples of sodium citrate anticoagulant used in the collection of source plasma were also tested for aluminum, as were empty source plasma containers and 0.9% sodium chloride infusion (USP). Samples of source plasma were collected from a geographic cross- section of the donor population in the USA by three different manufacturers. Aliquots of these samples were mixed with Triton X-100 and sulfuric acid and analyzed for aluminum by atomic absorption spectrometry using electrothermal atomization (graphite furnace) and Zeeman background correction. The arithmetic mean and standard deviation for the aluminum content of 28 samples of source plasma were found to be 25.5±8.4 ng Al/ml. The aluminum content of the individual samples of source plasma ranged from 12 to 48 ng Al/ ml. The aluminum content of 6 samples from two manufacturers of the sodium citrate anticoagulant that is used in source plasma ranged from 410 to 2,080 ng/ml. Aluminum levels found in saline for infusion and nitric acid leachates from empty source plasma containers were less than 6.9 ng/ml. The level of aluminum expected in uncontaminated human blood has been estimated to be 10 ng Al/ml or less. Comparison of this figure with the present data indicates that the sodium citrate anticoagulant contributes significantly to the aluminum load of source plasma and, therefore, to the aluminum content of products such as albumin derived from source plasma.
PSXIII-B-17 Risk of Bovine Respiratory Disease by Pathogen Incidence

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) affects millions of cattle in the US annually. This study sought to identify commensal pathogens in animals without clinical signs that were predictive of clinical BRD using the Wisconsin Health Scoring (WHS) system. Cases were healthy cattle that were later diagnosed with BRD (WHS ≥ 5.0), positive controls (PC) were cattle that were diagnosed with BRD at the time of initial sampling and negative controls (NC) were those that remained healthy throughout the study (WHS ≤ 4.0). Beef feedlot cattle were sampled in Colorado (CO; cases = 13, NC = 500, PC = 488) and Washington (WA; cases = 5, NC = 499, PC = 506). Preweaned Holstein dairy calves were sampled from California (CA; cases = 73, NC = 1017, PC = 1003) and New Mexico (NM; cases = 25, NC = 381, PC = 376). For each animal, mid-nasal and deep pharyngeal swabs were used to test for nine BRD pathogens. ANOVA testing (P&lt; 0.05) and odds ratios (OR) were calculated for each population. In CO, bovine viral diarrhea virus (P = 0.0001, OR = 13.1) and Histophilus somni (P = 0.008, OR = 4.2) were predictive of cattle that would be diagnosed with BRD while bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV; P = 1.1 × 10-6, OR = 40.8) was most predictive in WA. In NM, BRSV (P = 0.005, OR = 5.8) was also predictive of clinical BRD. No pathogen was predictive of BRD risk in CA. Prevalence of the predictive pathogen was higher (P &lt; 0.05) in cases than in PC cattle suggesting that the incidence of pathogens taken at the time of BRD diagnosis may not reflect the pathogen initiating disease. These results also highlight geographical differences in the incidence of BRD pathogens which should be considered when managing to reduce disease.
HİDRONEFROZ OLMADAN POST RENAL AKUT BÖBREK YETMEZLİĞİ / POST RENAL ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE WITHOUT HYDRONEPHROSIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Özet: Akut böbrek yetmezliği, temel olarak 3 kısma ayrılmakla birlikte en sık neden pre-renal nedenler iken post-renal nedenler %5 kadar olguda görülmektedir. Post-renal nedenler büyük oranda görüntüleme yöntemleri ile saptanabilmekle birlikte nadir de olsa bazı olgularda görüntülemenin tamamen normal olduğu vakalar da görülebilmektedir. Bizim vakamız, erken dönemde üriner sistem obstrüksiyonuna ait görüntüleme bulgusu olmayan olguda post-renal bir neden saptanıp hızla müdahale edilerek olası bir böbrek hasarının önüne geçilebilmiş olması sebebiyle önem arz etmektedir.ANAHTAR KELİMELER: Postrenal, Akut Böbrek Yetmezliği, Hidronefroz POST RENAL ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE WITHOUT HYDRONEPHROSISAbstract: Acute renal failure can basicly be classified as prerenal, renal and postrenal conditions. While prerenal conditions are the most common causes, post renal conditions can be seen at %5 cases. Post renal conditions can usually be diaognosed by screening methods but rarely there are some cases at which screening results are completely normal. Our case is clinically important and rare because we prevented developing end stage renal disease by early diagnose and treatment at a patient with post renal acute renal failure and completely normal screening results at the beginning.KEYWORDS: Postrenal, Acute Kidney Failure, Hydronephrosis
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOME ENZYMES ACTIVITY, SPERM MORPHOLOGY AND STALLION SEMEN QUALITY

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The sperm morphology is one of the factors determining semen quality besidessperm motility and concentration. An important role in this aspect plays someenzymes which are estimated in raw semen plasma. The examination of numerouspopulations of stallions of different breeds and age performed by Kosiniak-Kamyszet al. (2005) showed that significant differences occurred between stallion semenquality concerning both macro- and microscopic examination and some enzymesactivity. It was found that aspartate aminotranspherase (AspAT), lactatedehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and total proteinamount (TP) in raw seminal plasma decreased when the percent of sperms withcytoplasmatic droplets increased. The increase of these enzymes activity is observedwith the increase of the number of loose heads. These observations showed thatmany examined factors of the semen and semen plasma decided on its quality and onthis reason that these factors need to be applied for seminological diagnosis
Relationships between Lipids and Glycoproteins in Arteriosclerosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Various column chromatographies were performed on the sera of patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus or calcification of the aortic arch to study relationships between lipoproteins and binding hexoses in arteriosclerosis.1) Serum binding hexose with lipid and serum binding hexose without lipid were fractioned from human sera by methods of sepadex G-100 column chromatography, bio-gel p-300 column chromatography, dialysis and aceton. chloroform absorption.2) Though the concentration of serum binding hexose in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus or calcification of the aortic arch is obviously higher than that in healthy person, the cause of high values of serum binding hexose in these patients is mainly due to high values serum binding hexose without lipids.3) Not only lipoprotein in serum but also binding hexose without lipid will have roles of importance as the causes of the mechanism in arterioscleosis.
The Social Universe of the English Bible: Scripture, Society, and Culture in Early Modern England

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

How can we explain the immense popularity of the English Bible? This book argues that the vernacular Bible became so influential in early modern English society and culture not only because it was deeply revered, widely propagated, and resonant, but also because it was – at least in some ways – Anglicised. It focuses in particular on the rendering into English of biblical terms of social description and demonstrates the emergence of a social universe through the processes of translation from ancient and medieval texts to successive and inter-related English versions. It investigates the dissemination of these terms in early modern society and culture, focusing on community ties, gender and labour relations, and offices of state. The result is an important contribution to the history of the English Bible, biblical translations, and to early modern English history more generally. Shorlisted for the Longman History Today Best Book of the Year Prize
Supplementary Figure 3 from SMURF2 Facilitates GAP17 Isoform 1 Membrane Displacement to Promote Mutant p53–KRAS Oncogenic Synergy

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>S3. SMURF2 overexpression has no significant effects on disease-free survival of PDA patients following adjuvant therapy.</p>
tmRDB (tmRNA database)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Maintained at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Texas, the tmRNA database (tmRDB) is accessible at the URL http://psyche.uthct.edu/dbs/tmRDB/tmRDB.html with mirror sites located at Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (http://www.ag.auburn.edu/mirror/tmRDB/) and the Bioinformatics Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark (http://www.bioinf.au.dk/tmRDB/). The tmRDB collects and distributes information relevant to the study of tmRNA. In trans-translation, this molecule combines properties of tRNA and mRNA and binds several proteins to form the tmRNP. Related RNPs are likely to be functional in all bacteria. In this release of tmRDB, 186 new entries from 10 bacterial groups for a total of 274 tmRNA sequences have been added. Lists of the tmRNAs and the corresponding tmRNA-encoded tag-peptides are presented in alphabetical and phylogenetic order. The tmRNA sequences are aligned manually, assisted by computational tools, to determine base pairs supported by comparative sequence analysis. The tmRNA alignment, available in a variety of formats, provides the basis for the secondary and tertiary structure of each tmRNA molecule. Three-dimensional models of the tmRNAs and their associated proteins in PDB format give evidence for the recent progress that has been made in the understanding of tmRNP structure and function.
Changes in rice root architecture, porosity, and oxygen and proton release under phosphorus deficiency

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY Earlier work has shown that rice plants growing in reduced soil are able to solubilize P and thereby increase their P uptake by inducing an acidification in the rhizosphere; the acidification is caused by H + produced in Fe 2+ oxidation by root‐released O 2 , and by the direct release of H+ from the roots to balance cation‐anion intake. Here, we report rates of release of O 2 and H+ from P‐stressed and P‐sufficient rice plants into sand cultures continuously perfused with deoxygenated nutrient solution. The P stress was sufficient to reduce plant dry mass by roughly half, but root dry mass increased roughly twofold and root surface area 2–5‐fold. The proportion of fine roots increased from 11 to 21 % of root length under P deficiency; root porosity, averaged over the whole root system, increased from 0–25 to 0.40. Apparent rates of O 2 release were 0.8–3–3 μmol per plant d −1 , or 22–87 μmol g −1 (root dry mass) d −1 . Assuming that the bulk of the O 2 was released from medium and fine roots, the fluxes of O 2 were 0.02–0.13 nmol dm −2 (root surface) s −1 , which is in the range found for soil‐grown plants. The release per plant was twofold greater in the low P treatment, although rates of release per unit root mass were slightly lower. The increased release under P deficiency is consistent with the increased length of fine roots and increased porosity. Rates of H + release were 0.7–1.2 mmol per plant −1 d −1 , or 1.4–6.1 mmol g −1 (root dry mass) d −1 . The H + release per unit plant dry mass was 60% greater in the low P treatment, but the release per unit root mass was 2.5‐fold lower. The increased H + release under P deficiency was associated with increased NH 4 + intake and decreased NO 3 − intake, and a tenfold increase in plant NO 3 ‐N. This suggests that P deficiency reduced NO 3 − assimilation, causing reduced NO 3 − influx and/or increased efflux.
Predisposing, Enabling and Reinforcing Factors of the Utilization of VCT by Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

MSM have a higher risk of HIV infection due to their multiple sexual partner behaviour and the anal intercourse practices. The incidence of HIV and AIDS by MSM is increasing compared to the years before. VCT is one of the effective strategies of HIV and AIDS prevention and treatment. Whereas the access to VCT services by MSM is still considered as low by the reason of the stigma and stereotypes against MSM and HIV and AIDS itself. The study is intended to explore the factors related to the MSM willingness to conduct VCT. This study used a qualitative method. We identified 9 key informants through snowball sampling method at IGAMA Malang. Data was collected by in-depth interview, analyzing descriptively, and presenting in a narrative. The results show that most of the informants has an adequate of knowledge concerning the VCT, HIV and AIDS. However, access to VCT services is still constrained by the schedule since most of the services are in the work days. The impetus for accessing VCT derived largely from community friends. With respect to the societal stigma and discrimination towards homosexuals, we did not recognize personal stigmatizing attitude and discriminatory behaviors by health workers. It makes them feel convenient because they are familiar to the health workers. The conclusion was that factors associated with the utilization of VCT service by MSM includes knowledge, perception, information, availability of the services, peer supports, and the attitudes or behavior of health workers. We suggested that VCT services would be better if could be performed also in the weekends.Keywords: HIV and AIDS, Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM), VCT utilization
Recent advances in clinical practice challenges and opportunities in the management of obesity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Despite advances in understanding the roles of adiposity, food intake, GI and adipocyte-related hormones, inflammatory mediators, the gut–brain axis and the hypothalamic nervous system in the pathophysiology of obesity, the effects of different therapeutic interventions on those pathophysiological mechanisms are controversial. There are still no low-cost, safe, effective treatments for obesity and its complications. Currently, bariatric surgical approaches targeting the GI tract are more effective than non-surgical approaches in inducing weight reduction and resolving obesity-related comorbidities. However, current guidelines emphasise non-surgical approaches through lifestyle modification and medications to achieve slow weight loss, which is not usually sustained and may be associated with medication-related side effects. This review analyses current central, peripheral or hormonal targets to treat obesity and addresses challenges and opportunities to develop novel approaches for obesity.
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Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

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Proposing standardized recommendations for de novo implementation of automated dispensing systems in oncology wards

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective This study aims to develop standardized recommendations for the implementation of Automated Dispensing Systems (ADS) in oncology wards, focusing on enhancing patient safety, operational efficiency, and the integration of these systems into hospital workflows. Method A structured methodology was employed, combining documentary analysis of ADS practices at CHUIS, synthesis of strategies for implementation, and development of evidence-based recommendations validated by a multidisciplinary panel. Results The primary outcome of this study was the development of standardized recommendations tailored for ADS implementation in oncology wards. Key findings included the importance of phased planning, targeted training (60 h), and integration with existing hospital IT systems. These recommendations emphasized initial audits, stakeholder engagement, and continuous monitoring to ensure sustainable and replicable practices. Enhanced medication management processes, including reductions in cytotoxic drug costs (9%), expiration-related losses (98.3%), and stockouts (41.1%), further demonstrated the transformative potential of ADS. Discussion The study underscores the critical role of tailored, evidence-based strategies in facilitating successful ADS adoption. These recommendations align with international safety standards and provide a scalable framework adaptable to diverse oncology settings. Limitations include the need for further exploration of resource adaptability and long-term impact on patient outcomes. The integration of emerging technologies, such as AI, presents opportunities for future optimization. Conclusion This research highlights the value of standardized recommendations for ADS implementation in oncology wards. By addressing operational challenges and integrating innovative solutions, this study offers a practical model for enhancing oncology pharmacy practices globally.