jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Filmmaking as a Classroom: A Documentary Practice for the Climate Crisis

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

“Filmmaking as a Classroom: A Documentary Practice for the Climate Crisis” is about the making of the documentary Hollow Tree. The filmmaker invited three young women, who did not previously know each other, to learn with her and her filmmaking team, and their respective communities. Her idea was to use filmmaking as a classroom, and to try to develop a documentary practice for the climate crisis. The young people in the film begin to imagine Louisiana’s past—its history of slavery, Indigenous dispossession, and colonization—and, by extension, Louisiana’s future. The one that they will experience and help to shape.
Bilateral iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome with microspherophakia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Iridocorneal endothelial syndrome is described to be a rare, usually unilateral ocular condition in young females. There are three known overlapping clinical variants of this condition namely, essential iris atrophy, Cogan-Reese and Chandler syndrome. We report a case of bilateral iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome with microspherophakia. A 25 years old female presented with microspherophakic lens dislocated into anterior chamber in right eye, and displaced inferiorly in left eye. She was also diagnosed with ICE syndrome and underwent lensectomies in both eyes. This unique combination has never been reported before.
Reconstructive and Rehabilitation Challenges following a Cranio-Orbital Gunshot Wound

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We present a case of a 26-year-old man who sustained a close-range gunshot wound to the head. His injuries included significant left orbital injury resulting in a ruptured, blind eye and severely comminuted fractures of the left orbital roof, superior and inferior orbital rims, and orbital floor. Associated injuries included left frontal lobe injury, anterior and posterior table fractures of the left frontal sinus, and a comminuted left zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture. We employed an interdisciplinary surgical approach with collaboration among the Otolaryngology, Neurosurgery, and Oculoplastic Surgery services performed in two stages. Management of such extensive craniofacial injuries can be challenging and requires a coordinated, interdisciplinary approach.
Plague Demons and Epidemic Gods

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

For noble and commoner alike, the scourge of illness was perhaps the most compelling evidence for the existence of demons. The Chinese attributed illness, like misfortune in general, either to adventitious affliction by some malefic entity or to just punishment inflicted on the victim for his or her own moral transgressions. Thus the agents of sickness and plague were sometimes perceived as demons, and in other cases as the minions of divine justice. This ambiguity was also characteristic of the Wutong cult. In the realm of illness and disease, as in Chinese religion in general, the emphasis shifted away from ancestors or malevolent ghosts toward gods and their underlings as the primary sources of supernatural affliction. To the Shang, illness, like war and harvest failure, was an ominous symptom of a rupture in the reciprocal economy of exchange between deified ancestors and their mortal descendants. The rise of correlative cosmology in the Warring States and early Han periods profoundly altered Chinese conceptions of disease and medicine.
NaturaSat – a software for the identification, classification, and monitoring of Natura 2000 habitats

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present the methods designed for the NaturaSat software devoted to the identification, classification, monitoring, and evaluation of Natura 2000 habitats by Sentinel-2 multispectral data. The NaturaSat software contains various image processing techniques based on novel mathematical models, and together with vegetation data, it makes a suitable facility for all requirements of habitat exploration. The semi-automatic and automatic segmentation methods are implemented to identify the habitat areas. The novel deep learning algorithm, a natural numerical network, is implemented for habitat classification but can also be used in various research tasks or nature conservation practices, such as identifying ecosystem services and conservation value. Moreover, based on the natural numerical network, relevancy maps are created, and it can improve many further vegetation and landscape ecology studies. The relevancy map tells us about the relevancy of the classification of the segmented area into the chosen habitat. NaturaSat provides direct access to multispectral Sentinel-2 data provided by the European Space Agency and thereby allows monitoring of Natura 2000 habitats. The monitoring process is based on calculating the statistical characteristics in the protected areas and analyzing them in time. The software was developed through the intensive cooperation of botany field scientists, mathematicians, and software developers, which means that the implemented methods have a mathematical basis and are validated in field research. The NaturaSat has a user-friendly environment for, e.g., vegetation scientists, fieldwork experts, and nature conservationists, and it is robust enough to accurately extract target unit borders, even at the habitat level. The accuracy is close to the pixel resolution; in the case of Sentinel-2 images, it is 10 m. If unmanned aerial vehicles or air-borne images are used in the software, the accuracy is rapidly pushed.
Pressure-Driven Topological Phase Transition in the Yb Chalcogenides YbO and YbS

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

By first-principles calculation based on the density functional theory (DFT) with the modified Becke-Johnson local density approximation plus Hubbard U (MBJLDA+U), we studied the band structures of the Yb chalcogenides YbO and YbS under ambient and high pressures. It was revealed that both YbO and YbS have a trivial band topology under ambient pressure, and a nontrivial band topology under high pressure. The topological phase transition is reduced by the pressure-driven single-band inversion between 5d- and 4f -orbitals at the time-reversal invariant momentum (TRIM) point X. A bulk Dirac cone coexisting with a pair of metallic surface states on the [001] surface determined by tight binding model calculation with a slab geometry also demonstrates the nontrivial band topology of YbO and YbS under high pressure.
An effective relaxation-time approach to collisionless quark-gluon plasma

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present an effective relaxation-time theory to study the collisionless quark-gluon plasma. Applying this method we calculate the damping rate to be of order g 2 T and find plasmon scattering is the damping mechanism. The damping for the transverse mode is stronger than the longitudinal one. PACS number: 12.38.Mh The collisional term in a transport equation is important for a many particles system. We see the transport properties are related to collisions, for example, the damping in plasma. Up to now, the collisional terms have not been resolved in quark-gluon plasma(QGP). We often study the case of collisionless plasma. Although it is well-known that the collective excitations
Novel ICD Programming and Inappropriate ICD Therapy in CRT-D Versus ICD Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background— The Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial–Reduce Inappropriate therapy (MADIT-RIT) trial showed a significant reduction in inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy in patients programmed to high-rate cut-off (Arm B) or delayed ventricular tachycardia therapy (Arm C), compared with conventional programming (Arm A). There is limited data on the effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy with a cardioverter defibrillator (CRT-D) on the effect of ICD programming. We aimed to elucidate the effect of CRT-D on ICD programming to reduce inappropriate ICD therapy in patients implanted with CRT-D or an ICD, enrolled in MADIT-RIT. Methods and Results— The primary end point of this study was the first inappropriate ICD therapy. Secondary end points were inappropriate anti-tachycardia pacing and inappropriate ICD shock. The study enrolled 742 (49%) patients with an ICD and 757 (51%) patients with a CRT-D. Patients implanted with a CRT-D had 62% lower risk of inappropriate ICD therapy than those with an ICD only (hazard ratio [HR] =0.38, 95% confidence interval: 0.25–0.57; P <0.001). High-rate cut-off or delayed ventricular tachycardia therapy programming significantly reduced the risk of inappropriate ICD therapy compared with conventional ICD programming in ICD (HR=0.14 [B versus A]; HR=0.21 [C versus A]) and CRT-D patients (HR=0.15 [B versus A]; HR=0.23 [C versus A]; P <0.001 for all). There was a significant reduction in inappropriate anti-tachycardia pacings in both group and a significant reduction in inappropriate ICD shock in CRT-D patients. Conclusions— Patients implanted with a CRT-D have lower risk of inappropriate ICD therapy than those with an ICD. Innovative ICD programming significantly reduces the risk of inappropriate ICD therapy in both ICD and CRT-D patients. Clinical Trial Registration— http: //clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT00947310.
ON METHODOLOGY AND METHODS FOR ANALYSING CLASSROOM DISCURSIVE INTERACTION: A DISCUSSION BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE APPROACHES

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT: This article presents a theoretical work aiming to discuss methodologies and methods in educational research, particularly those that analyse classroom discursive interactions. The first part examines the two main research paradigms and their ontological and epistemological bases: positivism and interpretivism. Next, two methods for analysing discursive interactions are presented and discussed, one for each paradigm. Systematic coding - within the quantitative context - is indicated to treat data from large samples, to describe general patterns, and to statistical comparisons or temporal analyses by transforming the discourse into variables. The method is applied in a set of 42 episodes of group dialogue. The results are discussed in light of the nature of the research questions, showing what types of statistical tests can be performed. Within the interpretivist paradigm, sociocultural discourse analysis is presented as an example of a qualitative method applied to excerpts from classroom dialogues. The main finding is the identification of typologies that describe how teachers and students construct scientific explanations. The final part discusses some possibilities and limits of each method. The conclusion defends that both are complementary for advancing knowledge in the educational field.
Firm-Specific and Non-Firm-Specific Sources of Advantage in International Competition

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In this chapter we provide a comprehensive analysis of the sources of the firm's advantage in international competition. The analysis of competitive advantage has been a primary concern of strategic management (Rumelt, Schendel and Teece 1994) and especially of resource-based theory (RBT) (Wernerfelt 1984). RBT argues that the firm achieves an advantage over competitors based on its advantageous or strategic resources (Barney 1991; Amit and Shoemaker 1993; Peteraf 1993). According to this theory, only resources exclusive to the firm can form the basis of its advantage — that is, the sources of advantage are firm-specific This argument assumes that competitors are located in the same geographical area and have access to the same types of external resources. However, when we extend the analysis of advantages to internationally competing firms in different locations, the picture changes. Access to different external resources in different locations, or the firm's 'foreignness', can assist the company in achieving an advantage relative to firms in other locations. Such advantages are available to a group of firms — that is, the sources of advantage can also be non-firm-specific.
Education on the rails: a textual ethnography of university advertising in mobile contexts

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As universities have succumbed to market discourses, they have adopted advertising strategies. It is not uncommon to see advertisements for them displayed in such mobile spaces as railway stations and alongside highways. Whilst it is true that such environments have always sought to take advantage of populations in transit, the fact that higher education institutions have turned to them as promotional sites, reflects the fact that the ‘transit’ demographic now includes large numbers of young people and high school students. In this paper, a sample of higher education advertisements found in Sydney’s transit spaces is analysed along with the ‘rationale’ provided by advertising companies responsible for their design. It is argued their existence reflects the fact that universities compete against one another for students and need to develop a persuasive ‘brand’. Thus in line with neo-liberalist constructions of subjectivity, they individualise the educational experience, and translate that experience into an economic asset, as a value-adding process. It is of note then that much of the imagery and copy of the advertising ‘visualises’ education as a journey and underpins the fact that mobility is an inescapable predicate of quotidian life.
Chemical, geologic, and hydrologic data from the study of acidic contamination in the Miami Wash-Pinal Creek area, Arizona, water years 1988-89

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Since 1984, hydro!ogic, geologic, and water-quality data have been collected as part of a U.S. Geological Survey study of the occurrence and movement of acidic contamination in the aquifer and streams of the Final Creek drainage basin near Globe, Arizona.Ground-water data from that study are presented for water years 1988 and 1989 and include location, construction information, site plans, water levels, and chemical analyses of water samples for seven groups of monitoring wells.Also included are mineralogic and particle-size analyses of drill cuttings from four wells.Surface-water data are presented for five sites and include discharge measurements and chemical analyses of water.Monthly discharge data are presented for one site.Monthly precipitation data and long-term precipitation statistics are presented for two sites.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Sugar‐Containing Macromonomers by Living Ring‐Opening Polymerization

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Sector Associations and Locally Led Reregulation of Textiles in the WTO Era

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter examines China's regulation of the textile industry in the WTO era. Decentralized engagement characterized the overall pattern of state control in the WTO era but the extent and nature of reregulation varied across textile subsectors according to a strategic value logic and China-specific and structural sectoral characteristics. Garment and woven fabric manufacturers, which were not critical for national security or technological advancement, faced few regulatory entry barriers and operated in liberal markets. Industrial and technical textiles, on the other hand, faced a different institutional environment. Although few sector-specific rules persisted, related central ministries collaborated with local governments and companies to promote domestic industry and soften the impact of global oil and resource prices. To control what the state considered as strategic raw materials and high-tech inputs, the newly consolidated trade bureaucracy imposed nontariff barriers despite meeting WTO commitments.
Impact of culturally tailored shared medical appointments on diabetes self-care ability and knowledge in African Americans

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to disproportionately affect African Americans, significantly impacting morbidity and mortality. Research suggests that addressing barriers that stem from socioeconomic circumstances, systemic inequalities, biological factors, and cultural factors may positively influence biometric indicators of health and diabetes control. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate a diabetes shared medical appointment (SMA) model program that has been culturally tailored to address the unique social determinants of health barriers faced by an inner city African American population in Norfolk, Virginia. Methods: A pilot study using a within-group pretest–posttest design was conducted. Information was collected from self-report surveys that included the Modified Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test, the Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale, and researcher generated surveys before and after a single-session three-hour SMA program. Key Results: The program increased perceived diabetes self-care confidence and perceived overall diabetes knowledge levels. Increases in knowledge scores were seen but not statistically significant. Participants reported high levels of satisfaction with the program model. Discussion: Findings indicate that this model is an effective and engaging method of improving self-care ability and diabetes disease management knowledge among African Americans. Addressing unique circumstances and barriers experienced by this population may be more effective than usual traditional care approaches.
Epoxidation of cis and trans Δ9‐unsaturated lauric acids by a cytochrome P‐450‐dependent system from higher plant microsomes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A new epoxygenase, differing in substrate and stereospecificity from those previously described in mammals, bacteria and Vicia faba , has been characterized in higher plants. A microsomal fraction from Jerusalem artichoke tubers which catalyses in‐chain monohydroxylation of lauric acid has now been found to convert synthetic 9‐dodecenoic acid (9‐DDNA) to 9,10‐epoxylauric acid. Epoxidation of the cis and trans isomers proceeds at similar rates affording the corresponding cis and trans epoxides. This reaction is dependent upon O 2 and NADPH and does not occur with boiled microsomes. Lauric acid, carbon monoxide and polyclonal antibody against NADPH‐cytochrome P‐450 reductase from Jerusalem artichoke inhibit epoxide formation. Compared to freshly sliced tuber tissues, epoxidation activity was strongly enhanced in tissues aged in 20 mM aminopyrine solution. The possibility that 9, 10‐epoxidation of 9‐DDNA is catalyzed by the cytochrome P‐450 isoenzyme involved in lauric acid in‐chain hydroxylation in this plant was investigated.
Effect of alcohol and hot aqueous extracts for Leaves of Adhatodavasicaon the 1st larval instars ofMuscadomestica L.(Diptera: Muscidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of alcohol and hot aqueous extracts for leaves of Adhatoda vasica on, first larval instars Musca domestica. They were exposed to the suggested concentrations of alcoholic extract which were (500, 1000, 1500, 2000) PPM while the suggested concentrations of the hot aqueous extracts (500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500)PPM. The alcoholic (Methanol) extract of leaves was much effective on to killing the first larval instars of the M. domestica than hot aqueous extract.
Pion-proton correlation in neutrino interactions on nuclei

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In neutrino-nucleus interactions, a proton produced with a correlated pion might exhibit a left-right asymmetry relative to the lepton scattering plane even when the pion is absorbed. Absent in other proton production mechanisms, such an asymmetry measured in charged-current pionless production could reveal the details of the absorbed-pion events that are otherwise inaccessible. In this study, we demonstrate the idea of using final-state proton left-right asymmetries to quantify the absorbed-pion event fraction and underlying kinematics. This technique might provide critical information that helps constrain all underlying channels in neutrino-nucleus interactions in the GeV regime.
Risk of heavy metals exposure through consumption of rice from Kahama and Geita districts

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Heavy metals exposure is associated with various human health problems. This research aimed at determining the levels of heavy metals in paddy soils and in polished rice from villages around the artisanal gold mining areas in Kahama and Geita districts. It also intended to assess the risk of human exposures of heavy metals through rice consumption around the artisanal gold mining areas in Kahama and Geita districts, Tanzania. Twenty soil samples were collected from paddy fields and 20 polished rice samples grown from those fields were taken from the farmers. An additional 20 polished rice samples were collected from farmers in other villages from the same districts. Information about rice cultivation practices and rice consumption were collected from 40 farmers that were randomly selected, 20 from each of the two districts; Kahama and Geita districts, in which the mining areas are located. Chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), Mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) were determined in the soil and rice samples using Energy Dispersive X–ray Florescence spectrometer. Heavy metals exposure through rice consumption, for each of the forty farmers, was determined using deterministic approach. In all the soil samples, concentrations of Cd and Cr were found to be above the maximum limits of 1 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively, as set by Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS). Concentrations of Pb and Cd in all the rice samples were above the maximum limits set by Codex Alimentarius Commission. Forty percent of the farmers consumed rice at least once daily with per capita consumption of 66.8 g per day for Geita district and 74.0 g per day for Kahama district. According to Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), the estimated daily intake (EDI) for Cd was found to be above tolerable daily intake (TDI) for 95% of all population in both Kahama and Geita districts while the estimated daily intakes (EDIs) for As, Zn and Cu in both Kahama and Geita population were below the TDIs. The results also showed that sites which are closer to the mining activities had higher heavy metal concentration in both rice and soils compared to the sites further away from the mining activity.
Differentiation by the cardinal spline wavelet and its application to the estimation of a transfer function

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we consider the differentiation by a wavelet with the scaling function given by the cardinal B-spline and its application to the estimation of a transfer function. As the cardinal B-spline consists of a Riesz base, we can define its conjugate function definitely. In this paper, we propose a calculation method of the conjugate function by the inverse finite Fourier transform. Using the conjugate scaling function given by the numerical data table, we calculate a finite expansion series in a nested subspace of the multiresolution analysis generated by the scaling function. In particular; we can show that the Gibbs' phenomenon is not aroused at the discontinuity points of a function. Next, we define a several order differential filter from the wavelet expansion formula by the property of the cardinal B-spline. Using these differential filters, we propose an identification method of a transfer function. In order to demonstrate the property and effectiveness of the proposed method, some numerical simulations are presented.