jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
WATER-ROCK INTERACTION IN THE BAKKI LOW-TEMPERATURE GEOTHERMAL FIELD, SW-ICELAND

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Water-rock interaction is a fundamental process in natural geothermal systems, both in high-temperature and low-temperature ones. The Bakki geothermal field which is utilized for a district heating system, is a low-temperature geothermal system with the maximum measured temperatures varying from 120 to 137/C in the wells. A relict high temperature alteration is evidenced by the occurrence of the mineral epidote. Reservoir rocks are alternatively basalt lavas and basaltic hyaloclastites. A silicaenthalpy mixing model indicates that the reservoir temperature may exceed 150/C. Use of CHILLER, a program for computing water-rock reactions, for mixing model suggests that the change in chemical composition in well HJ-01 revealed by chemical monitoring may be interpreted by dilution of the geothermal water with fresh local groundwater in a ratio of about 0.5-0.6. Based on the thermal fluid chemistry as well as the secondary minerals occurring, a modelling study was performed by using CHILLER. Due to the complicated alteration history of the area, two water-rock interaction models, one at present temperatures and one at high temperature, were applied. Most of the important alteration minerals such as calcite, laumontite, stilbite, clinochlore, epidote-ord, clinozoisite, wairakite and muscovite were both identified in the actual field and by geochemical modelling. The evolution of the fluid may suggest that most of the major components found in the geothermal system such as Na + , Al 3+ , K + , Fe 2+ and SiO2 come from the dissolution of the reservoir rocks. Cl - is very stable due to its chemically conservative character and the low concentration in added rocks, so the high concentration of Cl - and Na + in the two studied wells is due to the dissolution of salts left in the sediments formed by the repeated transgression of the sea over the land.
Noise parameter identification for video tracking systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The appearance of noises in output records is analyzed for the following movement video tracking systems: Qualisys Oqus, Vicon Bonita, and ARTTRACK2. The static and kinematic noise components are distinguished and their parameters are proposed to identify by comparing with model movements. The comparative evaluation of these systems shows their satisfactory quality in the registration of movements with a velocity up to 6 m/s and with impact interactions with a surrounding medium. The obtained noise samples are used to compare these video tracking systems.
Vladimir g. wenger: scientist and his time <i>(to the 115th birth anniversary)</i>

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to the creative work of the Soviet economist-agrarian Vladimir Grigorievich Wenger, doctor of economic sciences, the employee of Institute of Economics, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. He was not only a contemporary, but also an active participant of all the most important events of this time, having the ability to analyze and critically comprehend. Along with deep agrarian studies of collective farmers, agricultural production and rural development in the Soviet Union; that have lost their relevance at the present time, Wenger’s works contribute to the understanding of the Soviet system as a social phenomenon.
RNF113A promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion, and is associated with a poor prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ring finger protein 113A (RNF113A) possesses a C3HC4 zinc finger domain and this domain is found in E3 ubiquitin ligase and is involved in tumorigenesis. To date, and at least to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies available which have investigated RNF113A in cancer. Thus, this study aimed to explore the role of RNF113A in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). For this purpose, paraffin-embedded samples from 117 patients with ESCC were selected, as well as 41 pairs of fresh-frozen ESCC and adjacent normal tissue samples. RNF113A expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). RNF113A was overexpressed or silenced in the EC9706 and Eca109 cells. The cells were examined for cell cycle progression, apoptosis, invasiveness and migration. Xenograft tumors were also created in mice using the Eca109 cells. Tumor differentiation (P=0.008) and T classification (P<0.001) were found to be significantly associated with RNF113A expression. No statistically significant association was observed between RNF113A expression and sex, age, histological type, tumor location and lymph node metastasis (N classification). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the patients with ESCC with ahigh expression of RNF113A had a lower survival rate than those with a low expression (P=0.002). Multivariate analysis revealed that RNF113A expression (HR=2.406; 95% CI, 1.301-4.449, P=0.005) was independently associated with overall survival in patients with ESCC. The overexpression of RNF113A promoted proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of ESCC cell lines in vitro, and RNF113A silencing reversed these malignant behaviors. RNF113A knockdown inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Thus, these results indicate that RNF113A promotes the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of ESCC cell lines. RNF113A expression in ESCC is this associated with a poor prognosis of affected patients.
Seasonal Flux in Australia's Population Geography: Linking Space and Time

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Seasonality is integral to many forms of temporary population mobility. To date, however, most research has focused on tourist movements and has been primarily concerned with its impacts on destinations. Less attention has been given to tracing its effects on the localities from which tourists are drawn or to understanding the spatial dynamics that underpin this periodic flux in population. The fact that tourism accounts for a minority of all temporary movements also supports the case for a broader analytical perspective. We aim to redress this neglect by examining seasonal variation in various forms of temporary movement across 77 regions of Australia over the decade 2000–2010, focusing on both origins and destinations. Coupling seasonal factors with cluster analysis and fixed effects models, we show that seasonal mobility across the Australian settlement system is highly structured with spatio-temporal variations reflecting the interplay of climatic variability with institutional constraints and the functional characteristics of regions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental studies of light-weight woodframe shear walls with ply-bamboo sheathing panels

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In order to promote the application of bamboo materials in construction industry,this paper reports lateral loading test results of lightweight woodframe shear walls with ply-bamboo sheathing panels.ASTM E2126-09 was selected as the experimental guideline for the monotonic and cyclic tests of eight shear walls.Two types of shear walls were made using two different nails,51 mm long nail-gun driven nails and 51 mm long nail staples.The bearing capacity is 5.2 kN / m and 6.2 kN / m respectively.Shear walls keep its integrity and most of its bearing capacity when the lateral displacement is below 100 mm.Test results show that the application of ply-bamboo sheathing panel can satisfy the bearing capacity requirements of shear walls designed as structural elements,according to current codes for timber structures.
Development of Data Transmission System of Expendable CTD Profiling System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Design for data transmission system of expendable conductivity/temperature/depth profiling system is introduced.According the particularity of transmission wire and the time-varying of wire length,underwater data sending circuit and onboard data receiving circuit are developed.The reliable data transmission is realized.The system satisfies the data transmission demand for XCTD.The anti-jamming capability is excellent and it has filled domestic blank.
The realist “revival”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

An artist who was departing from Karpian Photo-Realism was Malcolm Morley. Since writing about Morley's Photo-Realist family portrait in 1968, Alloway had been able to observe some of the artist's development at first hand because he also taught at Stony Brook. Alloway, as director of the university gallery, had invited Morley to work there on a painting in public, and he had written about this in an exhibition leaflet in 1972. He also wrote about him in The Nation , describing how Morley had rejected the “neat, clean, and careful… compulsive still-life exercises” that comprise Photo-Realism's “simple form,” resulting in his leaving the O. K. Harris Gallery without having had a show there. When reproduced, his paintings appeared photographically realist but, “In the original… it was clear that a concentrated act of translation had forced and cajoled the paint into sensuous and compact correspondences with the photograph.” Alloway thought that, since 1965, Morley, had been “aware, as never before in the new work, of the arbitrary nature of such translations. Essential to the transformation now is the visible track of the process of painting, that part of the art that has been jettisoned by his neat followers.” Process was complemented by subject matter: Morley, “though miles from being a narrative painter or social commentator, has a persistent taste for evocative iconography,” now drawn from postcards and calendars. Morley had admitted an influence of Corot's use of light, and Alloway underlined that “It is this sense of condensed art history and of the physical operations of painting that is missing in most of the ‘still life’ copiers.” Even when he was incorporating objects to make small environments in the mid-1970s, and thus investigating “problems about art” and, in particular, exploring “representations as a subject” and the “iconography of simulacra,” Alloway thought of Morley as “every inch a painter”: whatever else he included in a work, his paint was lovingly applied—“dense, feisty, ripe, robust, souped-up, and expressionistic.” Realism was not just a post-Pop development, but a whole range of possibilities.
A Minimum Free Energy Model of Motor Learning

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Even highly trained behaviors demonstrate variability, which is correlated with performance on current and future tasks. An objective of motor learning that is general enough to explain these phenomena has not been precisely formulated. In this six-week longitudinal learning study, participants practiced a set of motor sequences each day, and neuroimaging data were collected on days 1, 14, 28, and 42 to capture the neural correlates of the learning process. In our analysis, we first modeled the underlying neural and behavioral dynamics during learning. Our results demonstrate that the densities of whole-brain response, task-active regional response, and behavioral performance evolve according to a Fokker-Planck equation during the acquisition of a motor skill. We show that this implies that the brain concurrently optimizes the entropy of a joint density over neural response and behavior (as measured by sampling over multiple trials and subjects) and the expected performance under this density; we call this formulation of learning minimum free energy learning (MFEL). This model provides an explanation as to how behavioral variability can be tuned while simultaneously improving performance during learning. We then develop a novel variant of inverse reinforcement learning to retrieve the cost function optimized by the brain during the learning process, as well as the parameter used to tune variability. We show that this population-level analysis can be used to derive a learning objective that each subject optimizes during his or her study. In this way, MFEL effectively acts as a unifying principle, allowing users to precisely formulate learning objectives and infer their structure.
Shifts in the Gas-Particle Partitioning of Ambient Organics with Transport into the Indoor Environment

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Predicting indoor exposures to ambient organic aerosol (OA) is complicated by shifts in the gas-particle partitioning of ambient organics with outdoor-to-indoor transport. This analysis aims to quantify the effect of changes in temperature and OA loading on the gas-particle partitioning of ambient organics transported indoors and explores whether accounting for shifts in partitioning closes the gap between measured indoor ambient OA concentrations and indoor concentrations calculated in a previous analysis using a model that accounts for only physical losses. Changes in the gas-particle partitioning of ambient organics with outdoor-to-indoor transport were calculated for 167 homes using measured temperatures and OA concentrations and published OA volatility distributions. Initially, it was assumed that ambient OA could be represented with a single volatility distribution. We then repeated the analysis treating ambient OA as the sum of distinct components, each with a distinct volatility distribution, derived from factor analysis of aerosol mass spectra (e.g., hydrocarbon-like OA [HOA], oxygenated OA [OOA]). We also evaluated the sensitivity of our calculations to uncertainty in the thermodynamic properties of ambient OA by varying the enthalpy of vaporization. Partitioning shifts were sensitive to enthalpy-of-vaporization assumptions and resulted in changes in indoor ambient OA concentrations of 13–27%. Our calculations indicate that phase changes are important determinants of residential exposure to ambient OA and are of sufficient magnitude to close the gap between measured and modeled indoor concentrations of ambient OA. Copyright 2014 American Association for Aerosol Research
Simple and Efficient Procedure for the Synthesis of Ferrogels Based on Physically Cross-Linked PVA

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Ferrogels with well-dispersed single-domain magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) were obtained by the infusion of iron salts in physically cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels followed by coprecipitation. Freeze–thaw (F–T) cycling was used as a cryogenic technique to form mechanically strong and highly swellable hydrogels. The networked structure of the final material was used as a constrained environment for the precipitation of iron oxide NPs and formation of the magnetic gel. A homogeneous, single-domain ensemble of more than 15 wt % iron oxide NPs (in only one cycle of absorption) could be obtained through this easy technique. Moreover, the capacity of these magnetic ferrogels to absorb high amounts of ethanol/water solutions allows impregnation of these materials with ibuprofen and subsequent release of the drug at physiological pH. The biocompatibility of the components and the use of the nontoxic PVA cross-linking strategy (F–T cycling) make these materials promising for drug-delivery applications.
Evaluation of Electric Field Components Response for Offshore Hydrocarbon Detection

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract—This study is aimed to provide new insights on determining E field components for the sea bed logging application. In the scenario of increasing interest in CSEM since last two decades, it is desirable to evaluate the individual field component for the better hydrocarbon presence response. 1D forward modelling is carried out that have the capability to simulate offshore hydrocarbon detection using resistivity contrast analysis. Initially the study supports the proved Ex component of the in-line antenna with orientation along x direction as powerful response as compare to Ey and Ez field by providing a maximum of 93 % difference with and without hydrocarbon. However the analysis of further results identifies that even with a weaker response, Ey component with same antenna orientation carries better information for hydrocarbon presence, a maximum of about 100% difference with and without hydrocarbon. Thus outcomes from this research have a clear potential for selecting the informative component of E-field to further the experiments for enhanced hydrocarbon detection. Index Terms — Sea bed logging; Electromagnetics; 1D simulation; CST, Antenna geometry 1.
Passerine birds: approach to the sick individual

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

For a veterinary surgeon the treatment of the single pet passerine bird raises many fascinating challenges, especially with diagnosis and therapy. Although the treatment of these birds is unlikely to have a serious impact on a practice's time or economics, it is important to appreciate the emotional value of these birds to their owners. This chapter discusses clinical history and examination; stabilization of a sick passerine bird; diagnostic procedures; therapeutics; common surgical procedures; diseases of the respiratory tract; and nutritional diseases.
Hyperprolactinaemia resistant to dopamine agonist due to an ectopic source of prolactin arising from a Uterine Tumour Resembling Ovarian Sex Cord Tumours (UTROCST)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Moderate hyperprolactinaemia occurring in a patient with a normal pituitary MRI, assuming macroprolactin and stress are excluded, is generally considered to be due to a lesion below the level of detection of the MRI scanner. Most patients with mild-moderate hyperprolactinaemia and a normal MRI respond to dopamine agonist therapy. We describe a patient who had prolactin elevation typical of a prolactin-secreting macroadenoma, but with a normal MRI, and in whom the prolactin rose further with dopamine agonist treatment. Case: A 46 year-old female presented with 12 months history of secondary amenorrhoea without galactorrhoea. Prolactin was 4746 mIU/l without macroprolactin complexes, LH & FSH were low and oestradiol was undetectable. She had normal visual fields and no other clinical or biochemical features of pituitary dysfunction. She was not on regular medication. Pituitary MRI was normal with no focal lesion. She was started on cabergoline 250 mcg twice weekly which was subsequently increased to 500 mcg twice weekly. Repeat serum prolactin 5 months and 8 months later showed a progressive rise to 6649 mIU/l and 9653 mIU/l respectively, and rose to 11,611 mIU/l. Compliance with medication was confirmed. Repeat pituitary MRI scan was normal. An alternative source of prolactin was considered and further clinical assessment revealed a palpable pelvic mass. Pelvic CT showed an 11 cm uterine mass which raised the possibility of an ectopic prolactin source. She underwent surgical resection. Histological examination showed a benign Uterine Tumour Resembling Ovarian Sex Cord Tumours (UTROSCT). Immunohistochemistry was negative for prolactin, however, serum prolactin postoperatively was 59 mIU/L and her menstrual cycle returned to normal. Discussion: The notable features of this case were (1) the high prolactin suggestive of a macroadenoma with a normal MRI scan (2) a paradoxical rise in the serum prolactin after initiation of dopamine agonist therapy. Out of eight previous reports of ectopic extra-cranial prolactin secretion in the published literature, there are three ovarian germ cell tumours (two teratomas, one dermoid) which had microscopic pituitary elements. UTROSCTs are very rare uterine neoplasms with the most literature review citing 77 cases. UTROSCTs have not been associated with hyperprolactinaemia prior to this report. However, two other cases have been reported with uterine tumours (one “fibroid” and one “mesenchymal tumour”) which share characteristics with this case. Hyperprolactinaemia due to extra-cranial ectopic prolactin production is very rare. Where suspected, the majority of ectopic prolactin-secreting tumours have been located in the ovaries and uterus.
Implementation of a High-Dose Cytarabine Outpatient Program for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients in a Limited-Source Setting

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: The management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients usually requires long inpatient treatments that can affect the limited care facilities, the quality of life, and increases healthcare costs. Additionally, leukemia treating centers in developing countries face limited sources to deliver high-dose chemotherapies as inpatient treatments. Therefore, several reports have established the feasibility and safety of outpatient consolidation. We aimed to implement a high-dose cytarabine outpatient program for AML in a limited-source institution at a public center in Peru.Methods: We conducted a prospective pilot study starting in January 2019 and ending before the COVID-19 Pandemic in March 2020. Eligible patients were ≥ age 14, met inclusion criteria for inpatient induction regimens, were without active infection, and had the following: normal chest x-ray and biochemistry, complete remission after one cycle of 7+3 induction. Logistical requirements included a 3-hours distance residence near the treatment center, caregiver support, trained nursing staff, infusion room capacity, and participation in follow-up. Patients received prophylactic antimicrobials such as oral levofloxacin, fluconazole, and acyclovir and were admitted to the hospital for predetermined complications of therapy (fever, G3-4 toxicity, febrile neutropenia, bleeding or refractory thrombocytopenia). Risk stratification was based on conventional cytogenetics and multiplex PCR using Leukemia.net criteria. Results: Forty-two patients were included during the study period. The median age was 38 years (16-63) and Female/Male ratio 4:3. According to Leukemia.net, 24% were classified as high, 50% intermediate and 26% as low risk group. Including FLT3 mutations in 26% of cases. Twenty-two and 20 subjects received 1-2 and 3-4 cycles of ambulatory HiDAC, respectively. About one-third of cases had emergency admissions during consolidation and 74% complete at least 3 cycles of cytarabine. Only 4 patients underwent sibling-donor allo-SCT. Sixty-four percent experienced relapses, and at 2 years follow-up only 21 subjects were alive. Median OS was 15 months, a better survival was shown among patients who received 3-4 cycles of ambulatory HiDAC (2-year OS 18 vs 23%, p=0.031). Conclusion: Our pilot study shows the feasibility to deliver HiDAC as outpatient consolidation in selected AML cases in a limited setting. Additionally, a high rate of relapses and poor survival was noted in our cohort that requires further consideration. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.