jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Teaching English for Mechanical Engineering at the Institute ofTechnology and Business in České Budějovic

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article deals with the description of the subject English
for Mechanical Engineering at the Institute of Technology and
Business in Ceske Budějovice. It gives basic information about
the course, taught for the first time this semester (winter
2014), such as course prerequisites, its objectives, course
syllabus, methods of assessment and course organization. The
article also shows the numbers of successful and failed
students of English First I and English First II in the summer
semester 2014, i.e. courses that represent general English
courses at the institute and that need to be taken before
registering for English for Mechanical Engineering courses.
Proportion and Number of Upper-Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders Attributable to the Combined Effect of Biomechanical and Psychosocial Risk Factors in a Working Population

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The objective of this paper is to assess the combined effect of occupational biomechanical and psychosocial risk factors on the incidence of work-related upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMSDs) and estimate the proportion and number of incident cases attributable to these risk factors in a working population. Using data from the French COSALI (COhorte des SAlariés LIgériens) cohort (enrolment phase: 2002–2005; follow-up phase: 2007–2010), a complete case analysis including 1246 workers (59% men, mean age: 38 years ± 8.6 at baseline) was performed. All participants underwent a standardized clinical examination at enrolment and 1611 workers were re-examined at follow-up. Population attributable fractions and the number of UEMSD cases attributable to occupational risk factors were calculated. During follow-up, 139 UEMSD cases were diagnosed, representing an estimated 129,320 projected incident UEMSD cases in the working population. After adjusting for personal factors, in model 1, 8664 cases (6.7%) were attributable to low social support, 19,010 (14.7%) to high physical exertion, and 20,443 (15.8%) to co-exposure to both factors. In model 2, 16,294 (12.6%) cases were attributable to low social support, 6983 (5.4%) to posture with arms above shoulder level, and 5043 (3.9%) to co-exposure to both factors. Our findings suggest that many cases of UEMSD could be potentially prevented by multidimensional interventions aimed at reducing exposure to high physical exertion and improving social support at work.
Static performance of a 13.97 cm (5.5 inch) diameter model VTOL lift fan

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A tip-turbine-driven fan of the type currently being used in wind tunnel tests of VTOL lift fan models was tested. Values of thrust, weight flow, exit total and static pressure, exit swirl angle, and turbine temperature drop were measured as a function of fan speed for several inlet and exit configurations. A standard fan performance map was also obtained.
Bobby Sands, MP: IRA Volunteer and Revolutionary Icon

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

tion (p. 42). Although they stand against bending to the will of global capitalism, fem inists from a range of perspectives do present proposals for action. Yet the multiple voices and nuanced positions of feminist political economy and post colonial literatures are lumped together and pushed aside. To their credit, Bahramitash emphasizes the role of women organizations and their in fluence on the state for guaranteeing wom en's rights and Jaquette and Staudt devote the last section of their volume to women's mo bilization and power. That both volumes are compelled to address women's activism is the signature of a wide and strong network of women's organizations the world-the congealing of a global women's and feminist (that includes all sorts of feminist and women-centered posi tions). In the closing chapter, Empowerment Just Happened: The Unexpected Expansion of Women's Organizations Tinker claims that the leap from disparate organizations to a diverse global women's movement relied on funding by international development agencies (p. 299). Several feminist sociolo gists have approached what drives the glob al women's movement. While we know re sources are important for all social move ments, that makes the world go around may matter more in explaining the rise of transnational feminist networks. Searching the internet to see if my em bellished refrain taken from the movie musi cal Cabaret (1972) had been used elsewhere, I found it as the title of the first chapter of Cynthia Enloe's book, Bananas, Beaches, and Bases: Making Feminist Sense of Interna tional Politics (1989). This is probably where I sourced the title, cranially filing it whilst in graduate school. I was also encouraged to re member Enloe's book, an exemplary volume that bridges feminisms and in which gender and the global economy are envisioned as a single process.
Presentation of missed childhood Kawasaki disease in adults: Experience from a tertiary care center in north India

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim Kawasaki disease ( KD ) is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children in Japan, North America and Europe. Undiagnosed and untreated KD can have clinically significant consequences later in life. The clinical spectrum of missed childhood KD is frequently being recognized during adulthood. We report four adult cases of acute coronary events, in which coronary angiography was suggestive of sequelae of KD . Methods Four adults who presented with acute coronary events, had coronary angiography for evaluation. Indoor‐admission files were analyzed for the clinical details of individual cases. Results Two cases were below 40 years of age. None of the patients had any known conventional risk factors for atherosclerosis. Case 4 had a clinical history of childhood KD . Coronary angiography revealed ectasia of multiple coronary arteries and stenosis in distal segments in the first three cases and large thrombosed aneurysm with calcified walls in the fourth case. Conclusion We hereby report four adult cases with acute coronary events, who had markedly dilated coronary artery segments suggestive of possible sequelae of childhood KD .
Quantitative genetics of plant tolerance and resistance against natural enemies of two natural populations of Datura stramonium

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plants can respond to damage from natural enemies through resistance and/or tolerance. Evolution of these traits among natural plant populations can be constrained by (1) the absence of genetic variation or (2) because ofthe presence of a trade-off between resistance and tolerance. This last hypothesis remains one of the main assumptions of evolutionary theory of plant-natural enemy interactions. Such a trade-off could represent a constraint for adaptive evolution because high levels of resistance or tolerance could be attained but not both. In this study, we examined the presence of genetic variation in tolerance and resistance, the existence of a negative genetic correlation between tolerance and resistance, and the extent of genetic differentiation in plant defensive strategies between two natural populations of Datura stramonium of Central Mexico. A reciprocal transplant experiment using paternal half-sib families was performed. The results of this experiment showed: (I) the presence of additive genetic variation for tolerance and resistance (h 2 N = 0.41-0.49) in both populations at their native site; (2) genetic differentiation in tolerance and resistance between populations; and (3) an environment-dependent genetic correlation between tolerance and resistance. The results support the hypothesis that a negative genetic correlation between tolerance and resistance can potentially constrain the simultaneous evolution of both traits within populations. Furthermore. genetic differentiation between populations supports the expectation that tolerance and resistance represent redundant alternatives against natural enemies. Thus, G x E interactions may represent an important causal factor promoting geographic variation in the outcome of the interaction between plants and their natural enemies.
Methane hydrate growth velocity in seepage system of Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The occurrences of diapirs,gas-filled zones and gas plumes in seawater in Qiongdongnan Basin of South China Sea indicate that there may exist seepage system gas-hydrate reservoirs.Assuming there has a methane venting zone of 1500 m in diameter,and the methane flux is 1000 kmol/a,and the temperature of methane hydrate-bearing sediments ranges from 3 ℃ to 20 ℃,then according to the hydrate film growth theory,by numerical simulation,this paper computes the temperatures and velocities in 0 mbsf,100 mbsf,200 mbsf,425 mbsf over discrete length,and gives the change charts.The results show that the cementation velocity in sediments matrix of methane hydrate is about 0.2 nm/s,and the seepage system will evolve into diffusion system over probably 35000 years.Meanwhile,the methane hydrate growth velocity in leakage system is 20～40 times faster than in diffusion system.
Biochemical index estimation from bioelectric signal information-the ANFIS method

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Objective In this paper, a fuzzy neural network(FNN) is proposed for fusing the bioelectric information, and realizing the monitoring of the change of biochemical index.Methods ECG, EEG and tip perfusion index (TPI) data from 10 patients undergoing general electro-acupuncture analgesia were extracted and the fuzzy neural network was trained by 45 cases,and tested by the other 15 cases. The performance of ANSIF model is optimized as a function of a type of membership function and number of membership functions.Results Optimized ANFIS model well predicts the results compared with the experiment data.Conclusions Based on the established model, the analysis results of the process parameters show that the change of reference biochemical index can be estimated by monitoring bioelectric signal parameters.
Characterization of γ‑Cadinene Enzymes\nin Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinensis from Basidiomycetes Provides Insight\ninto the Identification of Terpenoid Synthases

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Enzymes boost protein\nengineering, directed evolution, and the\nbiochemical industry and are also the cornerstone of metabolic engineering.\nBasidiomycetes are known to produce a large variety of terpenoids\nwith unique structures. However, basidiomycetous terpene synthases\nremain largely untapped. Therefore, we provide a modeling method to\nobtain specific terpene synthases. Aided by bioinformatics analysis,\nthree γ-cadinene enzymes from Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinensis were accurately\npredicted and identified experimentally. Based on the highly conserved\namino motifs of the characterized γ-cadinene enzymes, the enzyme\nwas reassembled as model 1. Using this model as a template, 67 homologous\nsequences of the γ-cadinene enzyme were screened from the National\nCenter for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). According to the 67 sequences,\nthe same gene structure, and similar conserved motifs to model 1,\nthe γ-cadinene enzyme model was further improved by the same\nconstruction method and renamed as model 2. The results of bioinformatics\nanalysis show that the conservative regions of models 1 and 2 are\nhighly similar. In addition, five of these sequences were verified,\n100% of which were γ-cadinene enzymes. The accuracy of the prediction\nability of the γ-cadinene enzyme model was proven. In the same\nway, we also reanalyzed the identified Δ<sup>6</sup>-protoilludene\nenzymes in fungi and (−)-α-bisabolol enzymes in plants,\nall of which have their own unique conserved motifs. Our research\nmethod is expected to be used to study other terpenoid synthases with\na similar or the same function in basidiomycetes, ascomycetes, bacteria,\nand plants and to provide rich enzyme resources.
The impact of imprinted genes on growth and cardiometabolic risk parameters in healthy children

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ENG- Imprinted genes are expressed only from one parental allele, either from the mother or the father. They play fundamental roles in fetal and placental growth, as well as in neurobehavioral traits. These genes are implicated in several congenital syndromes known as imprinted disorders, which are lifelong conditions with a significant impact on health. Imprinted disorders share some clinical characteristics including pre- and/or postnatal growth retardation or overgrowth, hypo-or hyperglycemia, abnormal feeding behavior, and behavioral difficulties in childhood. Although alterations in imprinted genes related to these syndromes have been extensively studied, their role in prenatal and postnatal growth in the general population is less understood. In this context, the aim of this thesis was to analyse the association of imprinted genes in birth tissues with pre- and postnatal growth and cardiometabolic risk factors at six years of age, in children from the general population. To achieve this, we analysed the relationships between gene expression and DNA methylation of specific imprinted genes in placental and umbilical cord tissues and auxological parameters from a longitudinal cohort, with follow-up from birth to six years of age. We investigated three genes, known to have a role in two imprinted disorders (Prader-Willi and Silver-Russell). Notably, we found significant associations with all three genes and growth parameters, as well with obesity-related parameters. Specifically, both SNURF-SNRPN imprinted cluster and MEST demonstrated strong associations with auxological measurements from birth to six years of age, identifying them as potential predictors of growth trajectories during early infancy. While GRB10 was positively associated with obesity-related parameters, positioning it as a strong candidate biomarker for the development of childhood obesity. This thesis contributes valuable insights into the potential of these imprinted genes as biomarkers to predict growth patterns and obesity risk later in life – factors that are closely linked to increased disease risk in adulthood. Additionally, these genes offer opportunities for the development of new therapeutic targets
Concordance of positive and negative symptoms in coaffected sib‐pairs with schizophrenia

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Positive and negative symptom (NGS) dimensions were examined for their concordance in 46 coaffected schizophrenic sib-pairs. Results showed that the symptom dimensions of negative symptoms (NGS), delusion-hallucination (DHS), and thought disorganization (TDS) could be formulated. Discrete genetic endowment of these three symptom dimensions was not found as shown by the low concordance in sib pair analysis (kappa = 0.20–0.30). Thirty-seven pairs (80.4%) and 21 pairs (45.7%) had liability, defined by the presence of NGS in any one member of the coaffected sib-pairs, of NGS of “any degree,” and of “severe degree” in 46 sib-pairs, respectively. Both groups had high prevalence (59.1–81.0%) of positive symptoms. Another 9 (19.6%) and 25 (54.3%) pairs had no liability of NGS of “any degree” or of “severe degree” out of 46 sib-pairs, respectively. These two groups had high concordance (kappa = 0.45–1.00) of TDS or DHS between coaffected sib-pairs. Based on the results, it is hypothesized that schizophrenia, as defined by DSM-III-R, may consist of two subtypes: one has liability of NGS and a high prevalence of positive symptoms, while the other has only positive symptoms. Am. J. Med. Genet. 74:1–6, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Sustainable Irrigation in Agriculture: An Analysis of Global Research

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Irrigated agriculture plays a fundamental role as a supplier of food and raw materials. However, it is also the world’s largest water user. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of studies analyzing agricultural irrigation from the perspective of sustainability with a focus on its environmental, economic, and social impacts. This study seeks to analyze the dynamics of global research in sustainable irrigation in agriculture between 1999 and 2018, including the main agents promoting it and the topics that have received the most attention. To do this, a review and a bibliometric analysis were carried out on a sample of 713 articles. The results show that sustainability is a line of study that is becoming increasingly more prominent within research in irrigation. The study also reveals the existence of substantial differences and preferred topics in the research undertaken by different countries. The priority issues addressed in the research were climatic change, environmental impact, and natural resources conservation; unconventional water resources; irrigation technology and innovation; and water use efficiency. Finally, the findings indicate a series of areas related to sustainable irrigation in agriculture in which research should be promoted.
Quantitative Image Analysis at Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction Onset Predicts Mortality

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background. Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) phenotype determines prognosis and may have therapeutic implications. Despite the clarity achieved by recent consensus statement definitions, their reliance on radiologic interpretation introduces subjectivity. The Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) has established protocols for chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)-based computer-aided quantification of both interstitial disease and air-trapping. We applied quantitative image analysis (QIA) at CLAD onset to demonstrate radiographic phenotypes with clinical implications. Methods. We studied 47 first bilateral lung transplant recipients at UCLA with chest HRCT performed within 90 d of CLAD onset and 47 no-CLAD control HRCTs. QIA determined the proportion of lung volume affected by interstitial disease and air-trapping in total lung capacity and residual volume images, respectively. We compared QIA scores between no-CLAD and CLAD, and between phenotypes. We also assigned radiographic phenotypes based solely on QIA, and compared their survival outcomes. Results. CLAD onset HRCTs had more lung affected by the interstitial disease ( P = 0.003) than no-CLAD controls. Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) cases had lower scores for interstitial disease as compared with probable restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS) ( P < 0.0001) and mixed CLAD ( P = 0.02) phenotypes. BOS cases had more air-trapping than probable RAS ( P < 0.0001). Among phenotypes assigned by QIA, the relative risk of death was greatest for mixed (relative risk [RR] 11.81), followed by RAS (RR 6.27) and BOS (RR 3.15). Conclusions. Chest HRCT QIA at CLAD onset appears promising as a method for precise determination of CLAD phenotypes with survival implications.
Rhetorical Theory in Sixteenth-Century Spain: A Critical Survey

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

During the last thirty years, a growing scholarly attention has been paid to Spanish rhetoric. This paper gives an overview of the main studies on the subject and, with detailed bibliographical reference, draws a picture which presents the main features of Spanish rhetorical theory in the sixteenth century. Thus, references are made to the Council of Trent and its encouraging of sacred rhetoric, to the weight of Ciceronianism among Spanish rhetoricians -albeit some exceptions-, to the rigid detachment between rhetoric and poetics, to the relatively high production on the subject and to the limited influence of rhetoric and classical learning in the teaching of the time.
STUDIES ON THE CORNEA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Physiological studies have demonstrated that ions, as well as large molecules such as hemoglobin or fluorescein, can diffuse across and within the cornea. Most of the substrates for corneal metabolism are obtained from aqueous humor filling the anterior chamber. In order to receive its nutrients and in order to maintain its normal conditions of hydration, the avascular cornea must transport relatively large amounts of solute and solvent across the cellular layers which cover this structure. It has been suggested in the past that there may be a morphological basis for the transport of large amounts of solvents and solutes by cells by the mechanism of pinocytosis. The use of electron-opaque markers to study fluid movements at the electron microscope magnification level was described by Wissig (29). The present study describes the fine structure of the normal rabbit cornea and the pathways of transport of colloidal particles by the cornea in vivo. Rabbit corneas were exposed in vivo to suspensions of saccharated iron oxide, thorium dioxide, or ferritin by injection of the material into the anterior chamber. In other experiments thorium dioxide or saccharated iron oxide was injected into the corneal stroma, producing a small bleb. Particles presented at the aqueous humor surface of the rabbit corneal endothelium are first attached to the cell surface and then pinocytosed. It appears that the particles are carried around the terminal bar by an intracellular pathway involving the pinocytosis of the particles and their subsequent transport in vesicles to the lateral cell margin basal to the terminal bar. Particles introduced at the basal surface of the endothelium (via blebs in the corneal stroma) are apparently carried through the endothelial cells in membrane-bounded vesicles without appearing in the intercellular space. There appears to be free diffusion of these particles through Descemet's membrane and the corneal stroma. The stromal cells take up large quantities of the particles when blebs are injected into the stroma.
On mapping Bezier curve and surface subdivision algorithms into a hypercube with geometric adjacency constraint

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The authors discuss the Bezier curve and surface generation algorithms on a hypercube computer. They show that the computation structures of Bezier curve and surface generation based on subdivision method can be modeled as binomial trees and extended binomial trees respectively. Properties of binomial trees and extended binomial trees are explored and mappings from these tree structures to hypercubes are discussed. As the spatial coherence plays an important role in computer graphics and geometric algorithms, the authors imposed the geometric adjacency on these mappings and proved that there exist adjacency preserving mappings. Moreover, they show that their mappings are optimal with respect to expansion, dilation and congestion.< >
AUTHORITY CONFLICT OF THE COURTS IN ACEH: A CASE STUDY OF SETTLEMENT FOR CHILDREN SECLUSION IN CHILDREN PROTECTION

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study is aims to discuss about Shari’a Courts, Adat Courts and The Juvenile Criminal Courts authority. And also to discuss about the concept of legal certainty, child protections and conflict jurisdiction of the courts cases involving Khalwat Moslem children in Aceh. These study adopted two approaches, namely normative and empirical approaches.The results showed that, all courts have jurisdiction to try cases of Khalwat Moslem children in Aceh. Therefore, there is legal uncertainty and conflict of jurisdiction courts. At the same time, resulting in the protection of the child is not fully guaranteed. Keywords: Cases of Khalwat Children, Child Protection, Conflict Jurisdiction of Courts, Legal Certainty