jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning-Based Gait Characterization Using Single IMU Sensor

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Ambulation plays a vital role in the daily life activities of humans. However, people with neurological, gait, and locomotion disorders experience numerous obstacles in performing daily activities. To assist such a population, tracking and estimating gait parameters with minimum circuitry is one of the foremost steps. In the present research, a machine learning-based system has been developed to estimate the temporal gait characteristics, critical gait events, and gait phases. Moreover, the developed system required only a single inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor. The performance of the developed system has been estimated for three classifiers, support vector machine (SVM), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and K-nearest neighbor (KNN), over five healthy subjects. For gait events identification, the average classification accuracy depicted by SVM, LDA, and KNN classifiers are, $91.53 \pm 4.23 \%, 91.68 \pm 5.76 \%$, and $90.62 \pm 5.19 \%$ (p-value $\gt0.05$), respectively. Further, for gait phase estimation, the average performance is shown by SVM, LDA, and KNN classifiers, $94.40 \pm 5.14 \%, 97.03 \pm 3.20 \%$, and $91.94 \pm 4.52 \%$ (p-value $\lt 0.05$), respectively. The developed system provides a cost-effective solution for gait characterization.
Medical students develop software for pioneering electronic patient records

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Two London medical students have designed a computer system allowing patients to access their electronic medical records at the scan of a fingerprint.

The Patient Access Electronic Record System (PAERS), which recognises patients using a fingerprint and identification number, is now available to patients at Wells Park Surgery in Sydenham, south east London.

Patients can also avoid queuing at reception to book in for …
ON ALFRED MELE'SFREE WILL AND LUCK

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

I argue that agent-causal libertarianism has a strong initial rejoinder to Mele's luck argument against it, but that his claim that it has yet to be explained how agent-causation yields responsibility-conferring control has significant force. I suggest an avenue of response. Subsequently, I raise objections to Mele's criticisms of my four-case manipulation argument against compatibilism.
Effect of dietary lipids on histological changes in hepatic tissues of catla catla fingerlings

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of the study was to understand the impact of dietary lipids on the histological changes in liver of Catla catla fingerlings. Ninety advanced fingerlings (av. wt. 16 g) were randomly distributed in six treatment groups with three replicates each for an experimental period of 60 days. Six isoprotein (40.00–41.90%) and isocaloric (4260 kcal kg−1) semi-purified diets were prepared with varying levels of soybean oil (SBO) and cod liver oil (CLO) containing a total of 8% lipid viz., D1 (Control), D2 (8% SBO), D3 (6% SBO and 2% CLO), D4 (4% SBO and 4% CLO), D5 (2% SBO and 6% CLO) and D6 (8% CLO). Histological studies of liver showed normal hepatocytes in D2 and D3 groups and inclusion of cod liver oil above 2% showed marked changes in the hepatocytes suggesting that the cod liver oil was a good source of essential fatty acids. The use of this oil in the diets of fishes should be limited due to the changes caused by it in the liver cells as it could affect the normal functioning of the liver.
Fatal falciparum malaria in Canadian travellers.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors report 2 cases of severe falciparum malaria in Canadians that had fatal outcomes. In the first case a man presented to a local hospital shortly after returning from Africa, but a diagnosis of malaria was not considered. He was transferred to a secondary and then to a tertiary care facility, where he subsequently died. Intravenous quinidine therapy, the treatment of choice, was unavailable at all 3 hospitals. In the second case, a woman taking chloroquine prophylaxis while visiting Nigeria developed cerebral malaria and died. These cases illustrate critical management issues: appropriate advice on malaria prevention before departure; consideration of malaria in all febrile people returning from an endemic area; ready access to parenteral therapy for severe malaria in Canadian hospitals; and an increase in awareness of travel medicine among family physicians.
The impact of unwaged domestic work on the duration and timing of sleep of female nurses working full-time on rotating 3-shift rosters.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The study examined the impact of family type on the timing and duration of sleep of 16 experienced female shiftworkers working a rotating 3-shift roster. The nurses lived in one of three domestic lifestyle arrangements: single with no child care responsibilities (N = 4), partnered with no child care responsibilities (N = 5) and partnered with child care responsibilities (N = 7). Self report sleep diaries were used to collect data over a period of 28 days, following which each nurse took part in a conversational interview. Comparisons of the roster mean sleep durations between groups show that nurses who do not have the added unwaged workload of child care, record significantly more sleep than nurses with such responsibilities. Analysis of the data by shift type shows a significant difference for afternoon shift: nurses with child care responsibilities record a significantly earlier rise time and a significantly shorter total sleep duration. The interview data further highlights how sleep patterns are related to the time constraints of both domestic and waged work.
Controlled trial of dexamethasone and mannitol for the cerebral oedema of fulminant hepatic failure.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A controlled trial of 44 patients was undertaken to evaluate the use of dexamethasone (32 mg stat, 8 mg qds) in preventing, and intravenous mannitol (1 g/kg) in reversing the cerebral oedema of fulminant hepatic failure. Diagnosis of cerebral oedema was based on intracranial pressure recordings or the presence of defined clinical signs. Cerebral oedema developed in 34 patients with similar frequency in those treated with and without dexamethasone (16 of 21 and 18 of 23 respectively). In those 34 patients episodes of cerebral oedema resolved significantly more frequently in the 17 patients who received mannitol than in the 17 patients who did not (44 of 53 and 16 of 17 respectively, p less than 0.001). Dexamethasone did not affect survival but among patients who developed cerebral oedema those who received mannitol had a significantly better survival than those who did not receive it (47.1% and 5.9% respectively, p 0.008, Fisher's one-tail test).
Towards Defining Lifecycles and Categories of Research Software

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

There is a large variety of types of research software at different stages of evolution. Due to the nature of research and its software, existing models from software engineering often do not cover the unique needs of RSE projects. This lack of clear models can confuse potential software users, developers, funders, and other stakeholders who need to understand the state of a particular software project, such as when deciding to use it, contribute to it, or fund it. We present work performed by a group consisting of both software engineering researchers (SERs) and research software engineers (RSEs), who met at a Dagstuhl seminar, to collaborate on these ideas. Through our collaboration, we found many of our terminologies and definitions often vary, for example one person may consider a software project to be early-stage or in maintenance mode, whilst another person might consider the same software to be inactive or failed. Because of this, we explored concepts such as software maturity, intended audience, and intended future use. In this poster, we will present a working categorization of research software types, as well as an abstract software lifecycle that can be applied and customized to suit a wide variety of research software types. Such a model can be used to make decisions and guide development standards that may vary by stage and by team. We also are seeking community input on improvements of these two artifacts for future iterations.
Effect of Corticosterone and Prolactin on Fattening in Broiler Chicks

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The influence of temporal interaction of corticosterone and prolactin on fattening in broilers was studied in male chicks subjected to continuous illumination. Injections were started at 26 days of age and each experiment continued for 10 days. Corticosterone, injected daily during nine days at a concentration of 300 or 600 μg/bird/day significantly (P<.01) decreased weight gain and increased abdominal fat pad size, skin dry matter, relative liver size, and liver fat content. Corticosterone injected at either 1600 or 1000 hr elicited essentially the same response. Prolactin, injected daily either at 1600 or 1000 hr during nine days at a concentration of 232 μg/bird/day, did not significantly affect any of the above parameters. The combination of corticosterone (600 μg/bird/day for nine days) injected at 1600 hr and prolactin (232 μg/bird/day) injected simultaneously or 18 hr or 42 hr later, caused a further significant (P<.05) decrease in weight gain in two out of the three experiments. This combination, however, as well as that of 300 μg corticosterone/bird/day, had no consistent effect on the parameters of fattening. It is concluded that fattening of chicks induced by injections of corticosterone and prolactin is mainly due to the effect of corticosterone.
A comparison of transversal changes occurring in the treatment of rapid maxillary expansion with acoustic rhinometry

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between cephalometric transversal measurements and nasal patency before and after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) treatment applied to patients with maxillary transversal deficiency. Methodology: The records of 30 patients with maxillary transversal insufficiency and 20 patients without normal dentofacial and nasal symptoms were used. Acoustic rhinometry (MCA1, MCA2, VOL1, VOL2) and cephalometry measurements (JR–JL, MMTI, nasal width) were analyzed before (TO) and six months after (T1) RME. Results: There were no significant differences in age and gender between the groups. After the RME treatment of the patients in the study group, there was a significant increase in the cephalometric measurement (JL–JR, MMTI, nasal width) and acoustic rhinometry measurement parameters (MCA1, MCA2, VOL1, VOL2). Cephalometric measurements showed consistent changes in the patients in the study group, suggesting that RME treatment increased the maxilla’s growth capacity. The postero-anterior cephalometry results improved after RME treatment and approached those of the control group. Conclusion: Significant improvement was observed in the cephalometric transversal measurements after RME treatment. This improvement indicated that RME increases maxillary growth capacity. There was no correlation between cephalometric and acoustic rhinometry. This result may be due to the inability of postero-anterior cephalometry to effectively evaluate the maxilla-related part of the nasal structures. How to cite this article: Metli ŞN, Yıldırım M, Erdur EA, Erdur Ö. A comparison of transversal changes occurring in the treatment of rapid maxillary expansion with acoustic rhinometry. Int Dent Res 2022;12(Suppl.1):97-102. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.434 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
The Key Techniques of Automatic Logic Diagrams Generation for High Level Synthesis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The automatic logic diagram generation system discussed in this paper is a subsystem of Practical High Level Design (HLD) System of ASIC——Talent, which is a production of “ninth five year plan” pre investigating scientific research on micro electronics of national defense. By identifying and partitioning the net list, placing logic units and routing signal lines, the subsystem can automatically generate good looking logic diagrams with certain logic circuit functional information. The keystone of our research is to solve the technical problems about production use of automatic logic diagrams generation system. Combining the rule based knowledge denotation with formal algorithm, we propose an efficient method of automatic placement. The theory and method of pattern recognition is applied to solve the automatic routing of logic diagrams and we propose a method of channel routing based on decision tree. The whole rule system is also presented in this paper. Moreover, an detailed partition model is discussed. Two efficient algorithms for multiple way partition of logic diagrams are also implemented: (1) Seed _Expansion algorithm and (2)Iterative Improvement algorithm. The main idea of Seed _Expansion algorithm is a derivative of greedy algorithm and Iterative Improvement algorithm is a modification of traditional min cut algorithm (KL algorithm). Experimental results show that these algorithms have low time complexity and high precision, and they have good effects in application. Based on the above research work, a perfect automatic schematics generator has been constructed. The tool is proven to be correct and stable, and have undergone tens of test examples. It can generate nice and normative logic diagrams quickly. Especially it can solve the logic diagram generation problem of large scale circuits effectively. This contributes greatly to the practicability of the whole design system.
Median, range, range minimum (Min), range maximum (Max), standard deviation (SD), kurtosis, and skewness (Skew) in a simulated adult sample where two juvenile populations have contributed to the adult sample.

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

<p>Juvenile population 1 displayed a mean of 30 and SD of 5, population 2 displayed a mean of 35 and SD of 5, and population 3 displayed a mean of 40 and SD of 5. Percentage (%) of individuals in the adult sample indicates where the scale index value was > the largest value observed in the juveniles sampled from population 1. Juvenile population 1 contributes 90% to 40% of the adult sample, and either juvenile population 2 or 3 contributes the remainder. Adult sample size was 50 and 200 individuals.</p>
Photoreaction of 3,4-dimethoxy-1-nitrobenzene with butylamine. A pH dependence of regioselectivity

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Irradiation of 3,4-dimethoxy-1-nitrobenzene in the presence of butylamine leads to the formation of both possible photosubstitution products, i.e. , 2-methoxy-4-nitro-N-butylaniline and 2-methoxy-5-nitro-N-butylaniline with the predominance of the latter. Regioselectivity of the reaction as measured by molar ratio of the two isomeric products varies with pH of the solution, ranging from 3 : 1 at pH 10 to 12. The results are discussed in view of possible use of 3,4-dimethoxy-1-nitrobenzene moiety as a lysine-directed photoaffinity probe.
Molecular Detection of Some Virulence Genes in Aeromonas Species Isolated from Fishes and Water of Manzala Lake

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

In a view of increasing the role of Aeromonas spp. in fish and human diseases, the present wok was conducted to assay the presence of six virulence genes using PCR in Aeromonas species isolated from fishes and water of Manzala Lake.A total of 200 fish samples comprising 100 Oreochromis niloticus fish, 100 Mugil cephalus fish and 50 water samples were collected from El Gamil region in Lake Manzala.A total number of 258 isolates belonging to Aeromonas spp.were recovered from fish and lake water samples and they were biochemically identified into 4 biotypes.PCR assay of 15 representatives, biochemically confirmed Aeromonas spp.isolates showed that they were genetically confirmed belonging to genus Aeromonas based on specific16S rRNA gene sequence.Virulence properties of the 15 representative strains showed that the majority of the examined strains carried one or more virulence genes.A significant 5 virulence gene have been found in the tested Aeromonas isolates.The frequencies distribution of these genes was aero (100%), act (20%), ahcytoen (13.33%), lip (13.33%), alt (6.67%).Meanwhile, Haemolysin (hly) gene could not be detected in any of examined Aeromonas isolates.
Full non-significant risk factors.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div><p>Prolonged symptoms of COVID-19 have been found in many patients, often known as Long COVID. Psychiatric symptoms are commonly seen in Long COVID patients and could last for weeks, even months, after recovery. However, the symptoms and risk factors associated with it remain unclear. In the current systematic review, we provide an overview of psychiatric symptoms in Long COVID patients and risk factors associated with the development of those symptoms. Articles were systematically searched on SCOPUS, PubMed, and EMBASE up to October 2021. Studies involving adults and geriatric participants with a confirmed previous COVID-19 diagnosis and reported psychiatric symptoms that persist for more than four weeks after the initial infection were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for observational studies. Prevalence rates and risk factors associated with psychiatric symptoms were collected. This present study was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42021240776). In total, 23 studies were included. Several limitations in this review were the heterogeneity of studies’ outcomes and designs, studies limited to articles published in English, and the psychiatric symptoms mainly were assessed using self-report questionnaires. The most prevalent reported psychiatric symptoms, from the most to the least reported, were anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), poor sleep qualities, somatic symptoms, and cognitive deficits. Being female and having previous psychiatric diagnoses were risk factors for the development of the reported symptoms.</p></div>
Conformational constraints in nuclear dna

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT We have investigated DNA superstructure in a wide range of nuclei of higher cells by gently lysing cells to release structures that resemble nuclei but are depleted of nuclear proteins. The sedimentation properties of these structures, which we call nucleoids, have been examined in sucrose gradients containing the intercalating agent, ethidium. The sedimentation rate of nucleoids derived from the growing cells of mammals, birds, amphibians and insects varies in the manner characteristic of circular and superhelical molecules of DNA. These characteristic changes in sedimentation rate are abolished by irradiating the nucleoids with low doses of γ-rays, a procedure known to introduce single-strand scissions into DNA. We have also investi gated by similar means DNA superstructure in nucleoids derived from a variety of different chick cells. Nucleoids derived from adult hen erythrocytes differ from the other nucleoids studied in that their sedimentation rate does not vary in the manner characteristic of super-coiled DNA.
p-cresol and oleic acid as reliable biomarkers of estrus: evidence from synchronized Murrah buffaloes.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Successful reproductive management in buffaloes depends on effective estrus detection. Urinary pheromones identified from natural estrous cycle have been reported to decipher estrus phase. However, its presence has not been analyzed in the urine after synchronization. Thus, our present investigation was to investigate the influence of synchronized estrus urine in bulls and to examine the presence of estrus-specific compounds ascertained in natural estrus in synchronized buffaloes. Mid-stream urine was collected from six synchronized buffaloes during various phases of estrous cycle and volatiles were examined using GC-MS. Sexual provocation in bulls was established by displaying persistent flehmen and frequent mounting towards estrus urine from synchronized animals. Totally forty-two volatile compounds were identified from three phases of estrous cycle, more specifically 4-methyl phenol (p-cresol) and 9-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid) in estrus urine of synchronized animal as similar to natural estrus. Hence, these chemical cues in buffalo urine might be employed as potential marker candidates for the development of an estrus detection aid.
Analysis and composing principles for HMD optics based on FLCOS and AMOLED

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The system of AR became very popular for educational, military, entertainment and other areas. There are many possible variants of organization the optical part of such schemes. The very important part of the system is a combiner, that is an element which imposes augmented image over the surrounding environment. The power combiner helps to increase the eye relief, but in the case of the tilted power combiner, it adds a rather large amount of off-axis aberrations. These aberrations should be corrected by the following part of the system. Many ways of composing the system with tilted power combiner have been considered and can be found in modern literature. We consider special types of aberrations added by the curved combiner and discuss the ways of the correction. We also analyze possible layouts and their properties for using together with FLCOS and AMOLED microdisplays.
The fate of cold‐stressed or tetracycline‐resistantVibrio spp. in precooked shrimp during frozen storage

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract We compared the fate of cold‐stressed (CS) or tetracycline‐resistant (TR) Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus , and Vibrio cholerae in precooked shrimp during frozen storage. The recovery ability of viable but nonculturable (VBNC) Vibrio cells was compared at 25°C. Each suspension of nonstressed (NS), CS, or TR Vibrio cells inoculated into cooked shrimps were subjected to frozen storage at −20°C or three freeze–thaw cycles. CS and TR cells were more rapidly converted to VBNC state than NS cells. Most of VBNC Vibrio cells were observed as viable cells after frozen storage. Although there were differences in the recovery extent of cells depending on the types of stress and strain, VBNC cells were resuscitated at 25°C. The most resistant to tetracycline and the lowest injury rate were observed in V. cholerae cells during frozen storage.
BRIEF REPORTS The Impact of Education on the Lives of Young Persons with Disabilities after University Graduation in Cambodia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose: In 2009, the University Scheme Programme, managed by Cambodia Trust, was initiated with the objective of giving young persons with disabilities access to higher education in order to increase their employment prospects. Of the 40 young persons with disability who received scholarships through this programme, 15 have graduated from university. This study aimed to explore the possible impact of education on this target group, their families and immediate community (defined as people in the neighbourhood and village), and the broader community of potential employers. Methods: Data was collected by conducting in-depth interviews with 14 participants (9 of them female) from the first cohort of graduates from the universities in Cambodia. Results: The study found that education had a very positive, empowering impact on the lives of the graduates due to changes in their self-perceptions and perceptions by family members, neighbours, and colleagues. However, their educational accomplishments had less impact within the broader community, as some participants continued to experience discrimination when seeking