jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
SH1553743.08FU

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Burch Colposuspension: Review of Perioperative Complications at a Women’s and Children’s Hospital in Singapore

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: This study aims to determine perioperative complications of Burch colposuspension. Materials and Methods: A retrospective casenote review was conducted on all cases of Burch colposuspension performed or supervised by a single, trained urogynaecologist between January 1998 and December 2001. Results: Of the 250 women, 151 (60.4%) had Burch colposuspension in conjunction with other procedures. The other procedures included 117 hysterectomies, 15 sacrocolpopexies and hysterectomies, 11 sacrocolpopexies, 4 sacrohysteropexies, 3 posterior repairs and 1 ovarian cystectomy. Data from the 99 women who underwent only Burch colposuspension were analysed. Eight (8.1%) women had blood loss of >500 mL; of these 3 lost >1000 mL. Three (3%) women required blood transfusion. Urinary retention occurred in 13 (13.1%) women for >10 days and 4 (4%) women required catheterisation for between 21 and 29 days. Wound infection/haematoma, gross haematuria and febrile illness accounted for 2 (2%), 20 (20.2%) and 6 (6%) cases, respectively. One (1%) woman, who had 3 previous pelvic surgeries, required reoperation for repair of ureteric injury. Conclusion: Burch colposuspension should be performed or supervised by trained instructors who must anticipate potential problems, especially in women with previous pelvic surgeries, before they get worse. There should be strict criteria of the number of Burch colposuspension observed and assisted, before performing them supervised.
The value of whole volume radiomics machine learning model based on multi-parameter MRI in predicting triple negative breast cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

43 TNBCs and 84 Non-TNBCs were allocated in this retrospective study. The lesions were manually segmented with ITK-SNAP software then whole volume radiomics features were extracted with Radcloud radiomics platform based on DCE-MRI and ADC maps, respectively. Three prediction models were constructed by using support vector machine (SVM) classifier, including Model A (based on the selected features of ADC maps), Model B (based on the selected features of DCE-MRI), and Model C (based on the selected features of both combined). The radiomics features model combining DCE-MRI and ADC maps can improve the diagnostic performance of predicting TNBC.
Identifying Novel Immunodominant Epitopes within Human Parainfluenza Virus-3 Matrix Protein

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Human Parainfluenza Virus-3 (HPIV3) is a common cause of severe respiratory illness in immunocompromised patients and has no approved antiviral therapies. Recent preclinical studies demonstrated T-cell recognition of HPIV3 viral proteins, and a phase I study adoptively transferring virus specific T cells (VSTs) targeting HPIV3 to patients following bone marrow transplantation is underway (NCT03180216). Hence, we sought to identify immunodominant epitopes within the Matrix protein based on the extent of the T-cell responses. VSTs were generated from the peripheral blood of healthy donors by ex vivo expansion after stimulation with a 15-mer peptide library encompassing HPIV3 Matrix protein, which has been identified as the HPIV3 antigen eliciting the most robust response (Mclaughlin et al., J Cytotherapy 2016). Epitope mapping was performed using IFN-g ELIspot with combinatorial 15-mer peptide pools (Straathof et al., J Immunology 2005). Flow cytometry was used to characterize the products with intracellular cytokine staining. Initial mapping with the peptide pools showed activity in 16 of the 19 pools. Pools which elicited activity in 5 or more products had mean spots per well (ASC)/1x10^5 cells range 89 to 217, versus 0.6 ASC/1x10^5 in the negative controls. We identified 13 novel immunodominant epitopes (Table) within Matrix protein identified in 9 tested VST products, with 4 clustered epitopes (peptides 82-85) at the C-terminus, which contains a leucine residue critical for regulating virion release (Ding et al, 2017). Five (55%) donors recognized epitopes in this domain. Individual peptides which elicited activity had mean (ASC)/1x10^5 cells range 13 to 224, versus 0.4 ASC/1x10^5 in the negative controls. VST products were polyfunctional releasing both IFN-γ and TNF-α in response to the newly identified epitopes, and preliminary flow cytometry data showed that the majority of these epitope specific responses were HLA Class II restricted. In conclusion, we have identified several novel epitopes within the HPIV3 Matrix protein. Comprehensive classification of the breadth and stability of HPIV3 epitopes is critical for the development of third-party "off the shelf" virus specific T cell therapeutics. Therefore, these results will facilitate the development of clinical studies using partially-HLA VSTs as an "off the shelf' treatment for the treatment of immune suppressed patients with severe respiratory infection related to HPIV3. Figure Disclosures Bollard: Cellectis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; NexImmune: Equity Ownership; Torque: Equity Ownership; Caballetta: Equity Ownership; Mana Therapeutics: Equity Ownership; self: Patents & Royalties: patent on HIV T cells. Lazarski:self: Patents & Royalties: IP related to virus T cells.
Weak Convergence of Weighted Empirical Cumulatives Based on Ranks

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The weak convergence of weighted empirical cumulatives based on the ranks of independent, not necessarily identically distributed, observations to a continuous Gaussian process is proved. The results contain a shorter proof of a central limit theorem by Dupac and Hajek (1969) Ann. Math. Statist. Analogous results are proved for signed rank processes.
Ground-state properties of a dilute homogeneous Bose gas of hard disks in two dimensions

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The energy and structure of a dilute hard-disks Bose gas are studied in the\nframework of a variational many-body approach based on a Jastrow correlated\nground state wave function. The asymptotic behaviors of the radial distribution\nfunction and the one-body density matrix are analyzed after solving the Euler\nequation obtained by a free minimization of the hypernetted chain energy\nfunctional. Our results show important deviations from those of the available\nlow density expansions, already at gas parameter values $x\\sim 0.001$. The\ncondensate fraction in 2D is also computed and found generally lower than the\n3D one at the same $x$.\n
43HANDEL WEWNĘTRZNY 2014;4(351):43-54

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Młodzi konsumenci wobec wyzwań współczesnej konsumpcji w perspektywie rynku mody i teorii socjokulturowych Streszczenie W artykule zbadano rolę konsumpcji (szczególnie mody) w życiu młodych lu-dzi, zwracając szczególną uwagę na proces formowania i podtrzymywania jaźni. Rozważano podwójny model konsumpcji: jako ekspresji Ja (konsumpcja indywidu-alistyczna) i jako system znaczeń umożliwiający podtrzymywanie więzi ze społecz-nymi plemionami (konsumpcja plemienna). Zaprezentowano wyniki badań miesz-kańców Wrocławia dotyczące postaw i orientacji zakupowych. Materiał badawczy stanowiły 363 wywiady kwestionariuszowe. Odkryto, iż młodzi ludzie (w wieku 18-25 lat) byli bardziej skłonni do „wyróżniania się ” przez konsumpcję niż starsi konsumenci, a jednocześnie angażowali się w konsumpcję naśladowczą. Akcepto-wali także ekspresywne i „zabawowe ” funkcje ubrań i mody. Praktyczne implikacje badania nawiązują do dwóch typów strategii marketingowych: marketingu relacji i marketingu plemiennego. Co więcej, wskazuje się na konieczność przemyślenia społecznych konsekwencji utowarowionej kultury wobec młodzieży. Słowa kluczowe: konsumpcja symboliczna, młodzi konsumenci, moda, tożsamość, plemienność.
Data-Driven Secondary Voltage Control Design using PMU Measurements

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper shows the design of data-driven secondary voltage control (SVC) using synchrophasor measurements to eliminate voltage violations in electric power systems. A closed-loop strategy is carried out with the participation of the available generators, to increase the utilization of their reactive power capability and decrease the need for additional reactive power sources. A decentralized PID controller is used to perform the closed-loop control, and their parameters are tuned by the MIMO Virtual Reference Feedback Tuning (VRFT) approach using only I/O data (without any system model information). The proposed VRFT-SVC strategy was applied to the benchmark IEEE 39 bus system, and robust performance was achieved under two distinct disturbances.
Temperature dependence of the energy gap of MgxZnyCd1−x−ySe alloy

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The temperature dependence of the energy gap of Mg x Zn y Cd 1− x − y Se ( x ∼ 0.5) and Zn 0.5 Cd 0.5 Se alloys was determined from reflectivity measurements at temperatures between 4.2 and 300 K. The data were fitted to a Bose–Einstein type relationship and temperature dependence of band gaps was compared. A similar temperature dependence of band gap was observed indicating that quantum confinement in the Mg x Zn y Cd 1− x − y Se/Zn 0.5 Cd 0.5 Se quantum wells did not depend on temperature. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An appraisal of post-irradiation metabolic changes in toad liver (Bufo melanostictus).

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Whole body 60Co gamma irradiation of B . melanostictus with two sublethal doses of 3.5 and 7 Gy resulted in a significant increase (P < 0.001) in total lipid (hyperlipidemia), cholesterol content (hypercholesterolemia) and total free amino acid content, and significant decrease (P < 0.001) in total protein content in the liver tissues on post-irradiation day (PID) 1, 5 and 10 as compared to controls. The ratio of total lipid to cholesterol showed a gradual declining trend by PID-10 in the treated groups as compared to controls. However, it was more pronounced in the 7 Gy treated group. An observation on the ratio of total protein to total free amino acid content also showed a similar declining trend by PID-10 in both the treated groups as compared to controls.
Minimal Hearing Loss: Implications and Management Options for Educational Settings

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Audibility, which refers to the ability of sound to be heard, is not sufficient for listening and learning environments, such as school classrooms. Speech intelligibility, not audibility, is the key to understanding and, therefore, must be addressed for all children, especially those who have some amount of hearing loss. It is well documented that children's central auditory systems are not fully myelinated or mature until the age of 10 to 12 years (Moore, 2002; Musiek, Gollegly, & Baran, 1984). School-age children have “developing” auditory systems due to their poorer sensitivity (when compared to adults) to small acoustic cues in speech, such as voice-onset time and formant-frequency transition (Elliott, 1986; Elliott, Longinotti, Meyer, Raz, & Zucker, 1981). Children are also less able to selectively attend to auditory tasks, have difficulty recognizing speech distorted by reverberation, and have problems with speech intelligibility in background noise and reverberation plus noise (Finitzo-Hieber & Tillman, 1978; Neuman & Hochberg, 1983; Stuart, 2005). Therefore, children under the age of 13 years (i.e., those in elementary and middle school) have been described as “special listeners” (Nabelek & Nabelek, 1994). This article describes minimal hearing loss (MHL), the poor acoustics found in educational environments, and the impact of those acoustics on children with MHL. In addition, this article reviews environmental modifications that can be made to improve classroom acoustics. This article offers multiple researchers' strategies for better access to listening and learning, including soundfield amplification options for improving the signal-to-noise ratio in classroom settings.
Can the UK police ever be liable for negligent investigation or a failure to protect?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The English legal approach to police negligent liability is highly restrictive. Immunity from prosecution continues to be the default position where claimants bring an action for negligent investigation or a negligent failure to protect. The alternative route to liability through the Human Rights Act has been so narrowly interpreted by the House of Lords, making the probability of a successful action as unlikely as an action in negligence. This article discusses the difficulties that claimants have in bringing a successful action and suggests an alternative route may be available using the tort of misfeasance.
How Total Factor Productivity Drives Long-Run Energy Consumption in Saudi Arabia

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

In this study, we investigate how total factor productivity (TFP), alongside income, price, and population, shapes energy consumption in the long-run in Saudi Arabia, the world's number one oil exporter. To do so, we first estimate a production function and construct the associated TFP series, and then assess TFP's impact on energy consumption. To take into consideration the stochastic properties of the variables, we employ unit root and cointegration methods. We also correct estimations and test results for potential small sample bias. Our main finding is that TFP has a statistically significant impact on energy consumption in the long-run. The main contribution of our research is that to the best of our knowledge this is the first study that estimates energy consumption effects of TFP for Saudi Arabia. We believe that our research would be useful for Saudi Arabian policymakers in understanding how TFP, a representation of technological progress, institutional development, innovations, openness, and R&D development, influences energy consumption over time. Saudi Vision 2030, the strategic road map of Saudi Arabian development, implies rational behavior and lowering the pace of energy consumption in the country. Thus, TFP improvement is a sustainable way to attain these goals.
STOCK MARKET RISE: Biotech stocks far outpace chemical

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTSTOCK MARKET RISE: Biotech stocks far outpace chemicalANN THAYERCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1992, 70, 2, 4Publication Date (Print):January 13, 1992Publication History Published online10 November 2010Published inissue 13 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v070n002.p004https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v070n002.p004newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1992 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views2Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Biotechnology,Inorganic carbon compounds Get e-Alerts
An Approach to Detect Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) in Ultra-Deep Submicron Technologies

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) is a pMOSFET's degradation mechanism that can result in threshold voltage shift. This shift, if large enough, can cause serious reliability concerns for MOSFET analog and digital circuits. This paper presents a prognostic circuit that measures the V T shift in a pMOSFET and reports its state-of-health.
Association of Advanced Chronic Progressive Nephropathy (CPN) with Renal Tubule Tumors and Precursor Hyperplasia in Control F344 Rats from Two-Year Carcinogenicity Studies

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

From the archives of the National Toxicology Program, National Institutes of Health, kidney sections from twenty-four carcinogenicity studies (representing twenty-three chemicals) in male and female F344 rats were histopathologically re-evaluated to grade the severity of chronic progressive nephropathy (CPN) on an expanded scale of 0–8, and to record the presence of renal tubule tumors (RTT) and their precursor, atypical tubule hyperplasia (ATH). The data were statistically analyzed using SAS software for logistic regression analysis. This histopathological survey of 2,436 F344 rats showed clear evidence of a qualitative and statistically significant association between advanced stages of CPN severity and the development of low-grade RTT and ATH. Advanced CPN severity therefore represents a risk factor for the development of RTT and appears to be an underlying basis for spontaneous occurrence of RTT in the F344 rat. The difference in incidence and severity of CPN between the sexes also explains the 9:1 male-to-female sex difference in the spontaneous occurrence of ATH and RTT observed here. The regulatory significance of this finding is that chemicals exacerbating CPN as their only renal effect are likely to show a numerical increase in RTT with dose, which does not represent a direct tumorigenic effect of the chemical.
Tort Liability, Privacy, and Regulatory Considerations for Level 3 Autonomous Vehicles

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Recent developments in emerging technology, such as artificial intelligence, robotics, and autonomous vehicles, have generated inquiries about the incorporation of these technologies into the law, as well as the philosophical and ethical questions that accompany their use. This paper considers existing legal doctrine and regulatory frameworks as applied to the niche area of Level 3 autonomous vehicles. Specifically, this paper considers tort liability in the form of negligence and products liability, privacy risks, and regulatory considerations in relation to Level 3 vehicles. Finally, societal risks and potential solutions are considered to provide insight into potential areas of additional work.
Functional role of TRPC6 and STIM2 in cytosolic and endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content in resting estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

TRPC6 forms non-selective cation channels activated by a variety of stimuli that are involved in a wide number of cellular functions. In estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cells, the store-operated Ca2+ entry has been reported to be dependent on STIM1, STIM2 and Orai3, with TRPC6 playing a key role in the activation of store-operated Ca2+ entry as well as in proliferation, migration and viability of breast cancer cells. We have used a combination of biotinylation, Ca2+ imaging as well as protein knockdown and overexpression of a dominant-negative TRPC6 mutant (TRPC6dn) to show that TRPC6 and STIM2 are required for the maintenance of cytosolic and endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content under resting conditions in ER+ breast cancer MCF7 cells. These cells exhibit a greater plasma membrane expression of TRPC6 under resting conditions than non-tumoral breast epithelial cells. Attenuation of STIM2, TRPC6 and Orai3, alone or in combination, results in impairment of resting cytosolic and endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ homeostasis. Similar results were observed when cells were transfected with expression plasmid for TRPC6dn. TRPC6 co-immunoprecipitates with STIM2 in resting MCF7 cells, a process that is impaired by rises in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Impairment of TRPC6 function leads to abnormal Ca2+ homeostasis and endoplasmic reticulum stress, thus, suggesting that TRPC6 might be a potential target for the development of anti-tumoral therapies.
Taming False Positives in Out-of-Distribution Detection with Human Feedback

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Robustness to out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is crucial for safely deploying machine learning models in the open world. Recent works have focused on designing scoring functions to quantify OOD uncertainty. Setting appropriate thresholds for these scoring functions for OOD detection is challenging as OOD samples are often unavailable up front. Typically, thresholds are set to achieve a desired true positive rate (TPR), e.g., $95\%$ TPR. However, this can lead to very high false positive rates (FPR), ranging from 60 to 96\%, as observed in the Open-OOD benchmark. In safety-critical real-life applications, e.g., medical diagnosis, controlling the FPR is essential when dealing with various OOD samples dynamically. To address these challenges, we propose a mathematically grounded OOD detection framework that leverages expert feedback to \emph{safely} update the threshold on the fly. We provide theoretical results showing that it is guaranteed to meet the FPR constraint at all times while minimizing the use of human feedback. Another key feature of our framework is that it can work with any scoring function for OOD uncertainty quantification. Empirical evaluation of our system on synthetic and benchmark OOD datasets shows that our method can maintain FPR at most $5\%$ while maximizing TPR.