jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Physiological and Performance Adaptations to Varying Rest Distributions During Short Sprint Interval Training Trials in Female Volleyball Players: A Comparative Analysis of Interindividual Variability

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose : This study aimed to examine the impact of different rest periods between short sprint interval training (SSIT) trials on the physiological and performance adaptations of female volleyball players. Methods : Twenty-four trained college athletes volunteered to participate in this study and were randomly assigned to 3 SSIT groups with different work-to-rest ratios (1:2 [5-s run:10-s rest], 1:4 [5-s run:20-s rest], and 1:6 [5-s work:30-s rest]). Before and after 6-week training, physiological parameters (maximum oxygen uptake, first and second ventilatory thresholds, and peak and mean power output) and physical performance measures (ie, countermovement vertical jump, 10-m sprint, and T -test change-of-direction speed) were evaluated. Results : After the training period, all groups improved ( P = .001) their sport-related performance and physiological parameters, ranging from moderate to very large effect sizes. Comparative analysis of the magnitude of training effects indicated that the 1:6 SSIT group had in a significantly greater change in countermovement vertical jump ( P = .007), 10-m sprint ( P = .014), peak power output ( P = .019), and mean power output ( P = .05) compared with 1:2 SSIT group. By contrast, the 1:2 SSIT group demonstrated significantly ( P = .022) greater changes in maximum oxygen uptake than the 1:6 SSIT group. However, the change-of-direction speed and changes in first and second ventilatory thresholds were the same among the groups ( P > .05). Conclusions : When performing SSIT, longer rest intervals are suitable for physical and anaerobic performance, and shorter rest periods are appropriate for enhancing the cardiorespiratory fitness of female volleyball players’ performance.
Isolation and identification of 6,7-dimethoxy-2-benzoxazolinone from dried tissues of Zea mays and evidence of its cyclic hydroxamic acid precursor

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsolation and identification of 6,7-dimethoxy-2-benzoxazolinone from dried tissues of Zea mays and evidence of its cyclic hydroxamic acid precursorJerome A. Klun, Carl L. Tipton, John Frank. Robinson, Dennis L. Ostrem, and Morton. BerozaCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1970, 18, 4, 663–665Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60170a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60170a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views130Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fiberoptic-Coupled Spectrofluorometer with Array Detection as a Process Analytical Chemistry Tool for Continuous Flow Monitoring of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays, there is an increasing need for sensitive real-time measurements of various analytes and monitoring of industrial products and environmental processes. Herein, we describe a fluorescence spectrometer in continuous flow mode in which the sample is fed to the flow cell using a peristaltic pump. The excitation beam is introduced to the sample chamber by an optical fiber. The fluorescence emitted upon excitation is collected at the right angle using another optical fiber and then transmitted to the fluorescence spectrometer which utilizes an array detector. The array detection, as a key factor in process analytical chemistry, made the fluorescence spectrometer suited for multiwavelength detection of the fluorescence spectrum of the analytes. After optimization of the experimental parameters, the system has been successfully employed for sensitive determination of four fluoroquinolone antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin. The linear dynamic ranges of four fluoroquinolones were between 0.25 and 20 μ g·mL −1 , and the detection limit of the method for ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin were 81, 36, 35, and 93 ng·mL −1 , respectively. Finally, the proposed system is carried out for determination of fluoroquinolones in some pharmaceutical formulations.
Acute phase response to endotoxin: rise in plasma alpha-MSH and effects of alpha-MSH injection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Endotoxins, cell wall components of bacteria, cause a number of biological effects, presumably via induction of potent cytokines. Previous research suggests that the neuropeptide alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and its COOH-terminal tripeptide reduce the effects of cytokines. These molecules evoke antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects in vivo. Localization of alpha-MSH within lymphocytes and recent observations that alpha-MSH receptors are widespread and that circulating alpha-MSH increases after systemic injection of endogenous pyrogen, a cytokine-containing extract, suggest that the peptide modulates host defense reactions. One aim of the present experiments was to learn whether a rise in circulating alpha-MSH occurs in synchrony with aspects of the acute phase response (APR) in conscious rabbits given endotoxin. A second aim was to learn whether administration of a single large dose of alpha-MSH inhibits all aspects of the APR induced by a low dose of endotoxin. The results indicate that the concentration of circulating alpha-MSH in rabbits does increase along with other changes in the APR (e.g., increase in corticosterone), which suggests that the peptide is widely available to modulate cytokine effects after endotoxin. Contrary to expectations based on previous results, a large dose of the peptide given intravenously inhibited only fever and not other aspects of the APR. The results suggest that the rise in circulating alpha-MSH is an aspect of the APR and that an acute increase in the circulating peptide caused by intravenous injection does not inhibit all other aspects of the host response to endotoxin.
Silicone Gel Sheeting for the Management and Prevention of Onychocryptosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND Onychocryptosis, commonly referred to as ingrown nails, has many therapeutic alternatives for its management. Although mild cases can be treated conservatively, in severe cases, surgical treatment is preferred. Silicone gel sheeting is found to be effective in the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids. OBJECTIVE To document the effectiveness of silicone gel sheeting in the management of patients with onychocryptosis and in the prevention of the recurrences by breaking the devil's circle, which usually took place after the surgical procedures used in the treatment of the onychocryptosis. METHODS Fourteen patients were enrolled in the study. Entry criteria required the presence of slight (2 patients), moderate (2 patients), or severe (10 patients) onychocryptosis. The simple technique used in the study was the excision of the one-quarter part of the lesional side of the nail plate without excising the granulation tissue. After 24 hours, the silicone was placed on the granulation tissue and the exposed nail bed. Silicone gel sheet was bandaged loosely without applying any pressure. Patients entering the study were given detailed instructions in applying and using the gel for 12 hours during the daytime. The study lasted for 14 months and was composed of a treatment period of 4 months and a follow-up period of 10 months. The patients were evaluated every 2 weeks in the first month and then monthly. The change in thickness of granulation tissue was evaluated by comparing them with the baseline photographs and those taken at each visit. RESULTS The management and prevention of onychocryptosis were achieved in 12 of 14 patients (85.71%). The silicone gel sheeting treatment was well tolerated except for an occasional transient exudation, which was resolved when the treatment was withdrawn. CONCLUSION The results show that the new method that we used for the treatment of onychocryptosis is successful in reducing the thickness of the hypertrophic nail fold and prevents the recurrence of the condition during the regrowth of the nail plate by breaking the devil's circle. The advantage of this method is that it is not destructive to the nail matrix and the adjacent tissue.
Electroinitiated Polymerization of Acrylonitrile

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Anionic polymerization of acrylonitrile was achieved by constant-potential electrolysis via direct electron transfer to the monomer. The reduction peak potential in the (C4 H9)4 NBF4 -CH3 CN electrolyte-solvent system was measured by cyclic voltammetry. On the other hand, dimethylformamide-metal salts were not found suitable for the direct electron-transfer process in our system. Polymers produced both anodically and cathodically were found to contain cyclized structures.
Efficacy of rubella vaccination.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

for skilled advice on occupational health matters, and in consequence many previously neglected environmental problems have come to light which call for medical help.It is the duty of those who undertake to advise them to make it plain that these are the important tasks, and that occupational medicine does not consist of routine examinations of new employees on the pretence that the doctor can forecast future sickness absence experience or survival.
Assessing Attention in Rodents

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

“Attention” refers to a variety of hypothetical constructs by which the nervous system apprehends and organizes sensory input and generates coordinated behavior. Although it has been a subject of psychological investigation since William James introduced it to the field in the late 19th century, systematic assessment of attention in animals has a shorter history. As with any unobservable cognitive process, assessment of attention requires quantification of an observable phenomenon, such as the behavior of the animal or the electrical activity of its nervous system. To the extent that these events can be measured objectively, attention can be inferred equally readily in any animal species, including humans or other primates, rats, mice, or birds [1].As James [2] pointed out, attention is not a unitary phenomenon, but rather a term that subsumes several different varieties of attentional processes. In the present discussion, we focus on three such processes: the ability to sustain attention over time, the ability to attend selectively to a subset of environmental information while filtering out extraneous stimuli, and the ability to shift attentional set. Accordingly, this chapter discusses three behavioral approaches to assessing attention in rodents. These approaches include multiple-choice serial reaction time tests that can be arranged to assess both sustained and selective attention, signal detection tests with blank trials that focus on sustained attention, and attentional set-shifting procedures. For each of these approaches, we present a commonly used method and then discuss design and analytic procedures that can help determine whether observed changes in performance can be attributed to the target attentional construct (see Sections 7.2–7.4). Section 7.5 discusses some guidelines for task selection. The appendix lists suppliers for necessary equipment.
Language and literacy in faith settings and their relationship to the school setting

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This presentation focuses on the bilingualism and multilingualism that occur in settings that relate to four different faith groups (Polish Catholic, West African Pentecostalist, Tamil Hindu and Bangladeshi Muslim) that have grown considerably in importance in London since the mid–twentieth century. Literacy learning that occurs in faith settings in the UK remains largely under-researched and we report on work carried out as part of a current three-year ESRC-funded project* involving families with children between 5 and 12 years of age who have migrated to Britain and regularly attend faith meetings in London. Ethnographic observations and interviews in faith settings will be used to produce descriptions of different faith literacy practices involving children, including services and religious instruction classes. From these an inventory of activities taking place will be developed and codified in terms of such factors as the languages involved and the ways in which children participate. We will examine the use of symbolism, metaphor, story telling and re-telling, performing and recitation. The unique multilingual environments offered by faith settings allow theoretical insights on literacy learning to be extended and to this end we will draw on neo-Vygotskian and sociocultural theory, considering critically how concepts such as ‘syncretism’ apply in relation to how language is exchanged and transformed creatively. The implications of this work for practice and policy will be summarised. By examining the teaching and learning taking place during activities across the different faith settings we will consider how these co-exist with, contribute to and extend the notion of the school setting and in turn impact on the language and literacy learning taking place.
MODELING THE TRACK GEOMETRY VARIABILITY

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

At its building, the theoretical new railway line is supposed to be made of perfect straight lines and curves. This track geometry is however gradually damaged and regularly subjected to maintenance operations. The analysis of these track irregularities is a key issue as the dynamic behaviour of the trains is mainly induced by the track geometry. In this context, this work is devoted to the development of a stochastic modeling of the track geometry and its identification with experimental measurements. Based on a spatial and statistical decomposition, this model allows the spatial and statistical variability and dependency of the track geometry to be taken into account. Moreover, it allows the generation of realistic track geometries that are representative of a whole railway network. These tracks can be used in any deterministic railway dynamic software to characterize the dynamic behavior of the train.
Screening of Sourdough Starter Strains and Improvements in the Quality of Whole Wheat Steamed Bread

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this study, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, and acetic acid bacteria were isolated from traditional Chinese sourdough to enhance the organoleptic quality of whole wheat steamed bread. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus johnsonii, and Acetobacter pasteurianum showed superior fermentability and acid production capacity when compared with other strains from sourdough, which were mixed to produce the compound starter. It was found that the volume of whole wheat steamed bread leavened with compound starter increased by 12.8% when compared with that of the whole wheat steamed bread made by commercial dry yeast (DY-WB). A total of 38 volatile flavors were detected in the whole wheat steamed bread fermented by the compound starter (CS-WB), and the type of volatile flavors increased by 14 species when compared to the bread fermented by the dry yeast. In addition, some unique volatile flavor substances were detected in CS-WB, such as acetoin, 3-hydroxy-butanal, butyraldehyde, cuparene, etc. Moreover, the hardness and the chewiness of CS-WB decreased by 31.1 and 33.7% when compared with DY-WB, respectively, while the springiness increased by 10.8%. Overall, the formulated compound starter showed a desirable improvement in the whole wheat steamed bread and could be exploited as a new ingredient for steamed bread.
Herbicide Management of Umbrella Dracaena (Dianella ensifolia) in a Florida State Park

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract We evaluated herbicide treatments for control of umbrella dracaena, locally invasive in central Florida. Biannual treatments of imazapyr (3.2 and 6.4 g ai L −1 ), metsulfuron (0.08 and 0.16 g ai L −1 ), and imazapyr (0.8 g ai L −1 ) plus glyphosate (19.9 g ai L −1 ) reduced cover to < 3% at 12 mo, but no treatment eliminated the plant. In contrast, a single treatment on individual potted plants in greenhouse trials was highly effective with ≥ 98% necrosis/chlorosis at 6 mo and no regrowth at 9 mo posttreatment for most treatments. Management of umbrella dracaena will require more than two herbicide treatments with imazapyr, metsulfuron, glyphosate, or a combination of these herbicides if eradication is to be achieved. Because it is currently problematic and localized in one specific area in about 40 ha, it should be a high management priority before it spreads throughout Florida and possibly other states.
Haematinic and Hepatoprotective Properties of Telfairia occidentalis Fruit Mesocarp on Phenylhydrazine-Induced Anaemia in Experimental Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The level and potential of iron contained in fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) has been exploited as a blood tonic; however, the potentials of some other parts of the plant are unknown. The effect of T. occidentalis fruit mesocarp (aqueous extract) on phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced anaemia in experimental rats was investigated in a bid to determine its curative properties and potential in reversing haemolytic anaemia and protection of liver health. The LD50 of the fruit extract was determined using Lorke's method for the determination of acute toxicity. The study involved oral administration of varying doses of the extract to different groups of rats which were monitored for 24 hours. The test sample did not show any signs of toxicity at doses of 5000 mg/kg b.wt, which is the highest possible recommended dose for toxicity testing. For the evaluation of the effects of the fruit extract on haematological indices and biochemical enzyme markers in anaemic rats, 30 matured albino Wistar rats were used. The rats were divided into five groups of six rats each. Group 1 consisted of normal rats (control group), Group 2 consisted of anaemic untreated rats, and Group 3 consisted of anaemic rats treated with the standard drug Astymin, while Groups 4 and 5 were made up of anaemic rats given the extract at doses of 600 mg/kg b.wt and 1000 mg/kg b.wt, respectively. The fruit extract failed to show any significant effect in improving the haemoglobin (Hb), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphate (ALP) levels in anaemic rats but rather may have contributed to a reduction in Hb levels and an unhealthy increase in serum enzyme levels. This is indicative of the apparent inability of the aqueous extract of the T. occidentalis fruit mesocarp to reverse PHZ-induced haemolytic anaemia and may suggest a possible detrimental effect of high doses of the extract over a prolonged period.
NOTES ON THE PARASITOIDS OF THE SOFT BROWN SCALE, COCCUS HESPERIDUM (HEMIPTERA: COCCIDAE) IN EGYPT

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

NOTES ON THE PARASITOIDS OF THE SOFT BROWN SCALE, COCCUS HESPERIDUM (HEMIPTERA: COCCIDAE) IN EGYPT. Thirteen species of hymenopterous parasitoid were found in association with Coccus hesperidum at three locations in Egypt: 4 species of Aphelinidae (of which three were recorded for the first time); seven species of Encyrtidae (of which three were recorded for the first time), the first record of a species of Mymaridae, plus a species of Pteromalidae. The relative abundance of these parasitoids is discussed. Key words: survey, rearing methods, percentage parasitism, Coccophagus, Marietta, Diversinervis, Metaphycus, Microterys, Parachthrodryinus, Prochilonerus, Alaptus, Scutellista.
Social media microinterventions:Testing information activism as a media and information literacy tool

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Several studies have shown the effect of information activism and microinterventions, such as I Am Here International, the Elves and #NAFO to combat information disorder and hate online. Nevertheless, microinterventions have yet to be conceptualised in promoting media and information literacy (MIL) and informational resilience. This study positions microinterventions as information activism tools and empirically tests microinterventions in the context of higher education. Using an action research approach at a university MIL training course, we aim to understand what types of information activism are used and how the collective interventions affected the participants' MIL-s. We construct a typology of information activism roles and corresponding study tasks: the Worker Bees (focused on microprotections), the Meerkats (microaffirmations) and Lions (microchallenges). These different types surfaced in each participant over a cycle of exhaustion, disappointment, group support, feedback and encouragement that we dubbed the phoenixing cycle.
Covariance of stochastic integrals with respect to fractional Brownian\n motion

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We find an explicit expression for the cross-covariance between stochastic\nintegral processes with respect to a $d$-dimensional fractional Brownian motion\n(fBm) $B_t$ with Hurst parameter $H>1/2$, where the integrands are vector\nfields applied to $B_t$. It provides, for example, a direct alternative proof\nof Y. Hu and D. Nualart's result that the stochastic integral component in the\nfractional Bessel process decomposition is not itself a fractional Brownian\nmotion.\n
Handheld lightweight battery-operated real-time PCR device for covid-19 diagnosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 using reverse-transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) offers a conclusive result in determining the infection and the level of infection However, the high cost of a real-time PCR device limits the usage of rRT-PCR, and it is rarely used in the field to make a quick turnaround diagnosis To provide a higher level of accessibility than real-time devices, we show a low-cost method to fabricate a handheld, lightweight, battery-operated real-time PCR device The resulting device is portable and battery-operated, with a size of 12 × 7 × 6 cm3 and mass of only 214 g © 2020 CBMS-0001