jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Epidermolysis bullosa‐specific module of the Infants and Toddlers Dermatology Quality of Life (InToDermQoL) questionnaire

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Epidermolysis bullosa ( EB ) may have severe impact on different aspects of patients’ life. Until now there was no EB ‐specific quality of life (QoL) instrument for young children. Objective To create EB ‐specific proxy module of the Infants and Toddlers Dermatology Quality of Life (InToDermQoL) questionnaire. Methods Focus groups with parents of children with EB were organized. Parents of EB children were interviewed by the project staff with regard to their perception of QoL issues of the skin disease of their children. Results Focus groups with parents of EB children in Ukraine and Romania were organized. Parents represented eight boys and 12 girls from 3 months to 4 years old with different EB types and disease severity. Based on the analysis of focus groups’ results, two EB specific items that were not mentioned by parents of children with other skin diseases and therefore were not included to the dermatology‐specific InToDermQoL questionnaire were developed: ‘problems with defecation’ and ‘problems with shoes’. These problems were mentioned by 55% of all parents and 11.76% of parents that represented EB children older than 1 year, respectively. Conclusion We want to invite other centres and EB related organizations to join our project starting from the pilot test. There are many different reasons why QoL measurement is important in dermatology clinical practice and our goal is practical use of the instrument in children with EB .
Quaternary Ammonium Functionalized Cellulose for Bromate Ion Removal: Structural Insights and Efficacy Evaluation

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT This study evaluates the potential of quaternary ammonium‐modified cellulose as a biosorbent for bromate (BrO₃ − ) removal from aqueous solutions. Elemental analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterized the elemental composition and microstructural features of the biosorbent, whereas Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy elucidated its molecular structure. Experimental results revealed that BrO₃ − removal efficiency increased with the biosorbent dose, achieving approximately 58%, 78%, and 90% removal with 0.025, 0.05, and 0.2 g of sorbent, respectively. The removal was pH‐dependent, with efficiencies of 25%, 45%, and 76% at pH 2, 4, and 10, respectively, and the optimal removal was within the pH range of 6–8. Kinetic studies demonstrated rapid sorption, achieving 91% removal within 3 min. The Langmuir sorption isotherm model provided an excellent fit to the experimental data ( R 2 = 0.9987), indicating a maximum sorption capacity of 9.40 mg/g. Thermodynamic analyses confirmed a spontaneous and endothermic sorption process (∆ G ° = −8.11 kJ/mol; ∆ H ° = +2.22 kJ/mol). Desorption studies showed ≥ 99.9% efficiency using 0.1‐M H₂SO₄ and NaCl, with NaCl selected as the preferred regenerant to minimize acid consumption. The biosorbent retained over 90% removal efficiency across three regeneration cycles. These findings highlight the potential of quaternary ammonium‐modified cellulose as a sustainable and efficient material for BrO₃ − removal from water systems.
A progressive approach for perceptual audio coding

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A progressive approach to perceptual audio coding is presented in this paper. In contrast with existing perceptual audio coding schemes where the digital audio signal is encoded at a fixed bit rate, the progressive approach achieves fully embedded audio coding whose bit rate can be controlled dynamically, making it useful in audio networking applications. In the proposed scheme, efficient successive quantization and bit layer coding are applied for the compression of an audio signal representation obtained from traditional subband decomposition. An improved successive approximation quantization (ISAQ) is introduced to perform bit allocation and quantization based on the psychoacoustic analysis of input audio signals.
Trends in psoriasis treatment 2005 to 2018: Declining phototherapy utilization and concomitant increased use of biologics

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors declare no potential conflict of interest. The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Table S1: Demographic information for patients who were diagnosed with psoriasis, pruritus, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma at Weill Cornell Medicine 2005-2018. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
[Clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine based on EVIDEM].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine is an important direction in the evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), which positively promotes the development of TCM industry. The evaluation system of Chinese patent medicine is helpful to comprehensively evaluate the clinical value of different Chinese patent medicine in the same category, different dosage forms, and specifications, from different manufacturers on the basis of evidence and value. The establishment of a scientific and reasonable comprehensive evaluation index system for Chinese patent medicine is an important prerequisite to ensure clinical value. However, there has been neither a recognized systematic review on the clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine nor a methodological system used for reference. The evidence and value: impact on decision-making(EVIDEM), developed by the international research team, is used to evaluate the comprehensive value of medical interventions. EVIDEM provides a methodological tool for scientific decision-making to evaluate evidence and value for health technologies on the basis of the multi-criteria decision analysis(MCDA) model and health technology assessment(HTA). Based on the ongoing EVIDEM research, the present study put forward that EVIDEM-based clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine consisted of four aspects, seven modules, and ten steps, which is expected to references and practical experience for the follow-up comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine in the TCM field.
Combined effect in preventing enzymatic browning reactions in minimally processed fruit

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fresh sliced apples were dipped in ethanol or cysteine solutions and/or packaged in air or modified atmosphere in order to retard oxidative browning. Modified atmosphere packaging was effective in inhibiting darkening for at least nine days at refrigerated storage conditions. The combination ethanol dip/modified atmosphere packaging resulted as a suitable method in maintaining the original color in apple slices even after exposure to air.
Two new triterpenoid saponins fromBupleurum marginatumWall. ex DC

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Two new triterpenoid saponins (1 and 2), together with two known saponins (3 and 4) were isolated from Bupleurum marginatum Wall. ex DC. Their structures were elucidated by the comprehensive spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1 and 2 represented the rare example of an oleanane-type triterpenoid with two sugar moieties at C-3 and C-28. The cytotoxic activity of four compounds was evaluated against normal heptocell BRL-3A in vitro.
Reciprocal translocations and partial correlation of chromosomes in the stable fly

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An initial investigation of the genetics of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), is described. Two recessive, autosomal mutants, carmine eye (ca) and rolled down wing (rd), were assigned to chromosomes 2 and 4, respectively. Sex is apparently determined by a locus on chromosome 1. Crossing over is restricted to females. Six reciprocal translocations were induced with gamma radiation and used to assign ca and rd to their respective chromosomes.
Characterizing Plasmids in Ciprofloxacin Resistant Transconjugants (CRTs)

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Bacteria can acquire resistance to antimicrobials in a multitude of ways, causing antibiotic resistance to be a growing public health concern. The goal of this project is to find strains with specific resistance mechanisms to understand the interaction between antibiotic-conjugated nanomaterials and the bacterial strains themselves. These mechanisms include efflux pumps, target site mutations, target blockers and antibiotic modifying enzymes. The hypothesis states that nanotube-conjugated antibiotics will be able to overcome the efflux pump resistance mechanism through creating steric hindrance that prevents the pump from removing them. After screening through 52 isolated Ciprofloxacin Resistant Coliforms (CRCs), strains that had a moderate level of resistance were selected and screened for the presence of plasmids. Strains with plasmids were conjugated with XL10-Gold. These Ciprofloxacin Resistant Transconjugants (CRTs) allow the plasmid to be better studied in strains that are designed to grow under laboratory conditions, rather than the wild coliforms that had been worked with earlier. In strain CRT34A it is likely that multi-drug efflux pump OqxA is present, allowing the mechanism to be further characterized to hopefully better understand the interaction with the nanomaterials in overcoming ciprofloxacin resistance.
Behavioural responsiveness of virtual users for students’ creative problem-finding in architectural design

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Previous theories have hypothesised that the behavioural responsiveness of autonomous, anthropomorphic computer-agents of virtual users (VUsers) influences designers' creative problem-finding in architectural design; however, this assumption has not yet been investigated. To examine this hypothesis, the present study compared the presence and non-presence of VUsers and used responsive and non-responsive VUsers in students' authentic problem-finding. Statistical analyses based on the students' self-assessments revealed that: (1) the presence of VUsers better facilitates the discovery of more unexpected and functional design solutions, as well as more evaluations of the usability and values of design solutions, including users' safety and comfort, than the non-presence of VUsers; (2) VUsers' responsive behaviours facilitated the discovery of more unexpected and physical functions of design solutions, as well as more evaluations of users' safety and comfort, than non-responsive VUser behaviours; and (3) when the behavioural details were not distinctive, the evaluation scores were indifferent.
P3449A serum biomarker reflecting collagen type I degradation (C1M) is an independent risk factor for acute myocardial infarction in postmenopausal women: results from the PERF study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in postmenopausal women, and symptoms of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are often overlooked. With the loss of estrogen production collagen stability is affected with potential of an increased risk of unstable plaques in coronary vessels. Collagen type I, a major component of the cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM), is cleaved by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and known to be active remodeled in CVD.
637 Selecting Rhizoma Peanuts (Arachis sp.) for Living Mulch in Vegetable Production in Florida

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ground covers in orchards and living mulches in vegetable fields can be effective in reducing weed control costs and loss of water and nutrients from the soil, fixing N, and adding organic matter to the soil. Several accessions of rhizoma (perennial) peanut were evaluated in 1999, 30 months after planting, at the farm of the Tropical Research and Education Center, Univ. of Florida, Homestead, in gravelly, calcareous soil with a pH of 7.5. Evaluation criteria included adaptability (plant vigor, rhizome growth, and biomass yield), weed suppression, N-fixation, nutrient content, leaf density, and Fe chlorosis. Accessions that survived exhibited major differences in the evaluation criteria. Accessions No. 6968 and 4222 (recently named `Amarillo') showed promising potential for use as ground cover and a living mulch in vegetable fields in southern Florida.
Smuggling ideologies

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores shifting perspectives on African clandestine economies, with a particular focus on the recent transition from criminalization to hybrid governance approaches. Previously condemned as products of clientism and corruption, clandestine economies are attracting renewed interest for their developmental potential in weak state contexts. Focusing on examples of clandestine cross-border trade in East and West Africa, this chapter shows that increasingly favourable perspectives on the developmental implications of African clandestine economies reflect a change in development policy narratives rather than a shift in the empirical conduct of clandestine trading systems. Indeed, the optimistic turn in perspectives on African clandestine trade often contradicts the empirical realities of the cases on which they focus. Research perspectives have tended to reflect the perceived compatibility of smuggling with policy priorities of liberalization and globalization, revealing the prominent role of ideology in shaping the framing of smuggling research.
Continuing series of innovations by entrepreneurship to perform competitive resilience in airline business

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The unprecedented pandemic has impacted the airline industry, thus requiring strategic entrepreneurship to facilitate competitive resilience and long-term performance. This study investigated the value chain of an airline by exploring the relationships between entrepreneurship, innovation capability, organizational innovation, digital collaboration, and business model innovation, to build competitiveness and become resilient. The research study employed a quantitative and cross-sectional design while collecting data through structured questionnaires from top executives of an airline, with success eventually affecting all senior executives in the country. The principal results of hypothesis analysis were obtained using “Smart Partial Least Square Structure Equation Model” (SPLS SEM) software. It was found that entrepreneurship capability has an accepted indirect effect on competitive resilience within the research model. The results showed that triple series innovation serves as an important mediator that connects entrepreneurship capability to building competitive resilience. Specifically, dimensions of variables like self-efficacy, industry dynamics, and risk-taking portrayed significant levels of validity and reliability. Entrepreneurship capability and competitive resilience act as measures of a robust industry in its ability to weather the storms of volatility caused by the pandemic. These findings highlight the need for aligning entrepreneurship capability with technology and the value chain to stay competitive in a dynamic market. The study intended to add empirical evidence to entrepreneurship capability in the aviation domain by uncovering interdependencies between triple series innovation dimensions to foster competitive resilience.
Variability of thousand grain weights of seed batches of important arable and some horticultural crops

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The thousand grain weight (TGW) of seeds used for sowing varies because of natural mass variation within and between cultivars of a crop but also because of selection of sizes of seeds used for propagation by breeders and seed suppliers. The range of TGW data of 55 arable crops and 26 horticultural crops are presented as well as TGW data for 15 types of pelleted seeds of different crops. In addition to the mean and maximum and minimum values, different percentiles were calculated for most crops. This study presents TGW data of seed batches used for cultivar testing (most arable crops) as well as of seed lots used for seed coating with pesticides for the European market in the period of the harvesting years 2011–2018.
Agriculture, commerce et régionalisme en Asie du Sud

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Like many other regional groups, the member countries of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)--Bangladesh , Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka--have taken steps toward forming a regional free trade area. Will the SAARC Preferential Trading Arrangement (SAPTA) offer the substantial economic benefits, including food security, that South Asian leaders expect? This quantitative analysis compares the economic results of SAPTA with two other trade liberalization schemes, (1) more liberal trade between SAARC and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) countries, and (2) more liberal trade between SAARC and the world.
Kesetaraan Gender dalam Budaya Sibaliparri Masyarakat Mandar

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Gender is a sex differences based on culture, where men and women are distinguished according to their respective roles that are constructed by local culture related to the role of nature, position and status in society.In the gender concept, the difference between men and women based on social and cultural construction of the mandar community has work behavior or culture that they are familiar with sibaliparri. Theresearch problemof this study is whether the culture of sibaliparri in which there is a gender equality.The motive of this research is to reveal how gender equality between a couple husband and wife in mandar community household based on sibaliparri cultural values. To find the answer of the research problem, a qualitative descriptive study is needed. Data collection methods used was field observations, interviews and literature study. The results showed that gender equality in mandar society was manifested in sibaliparri culture, namely the existence of mutual assistance between husband and wife and involving all family members.
INTERACTION OF PROJECTILES AND COMPOSITE ARMOR

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract : The report describes basic experimental and theoretical work on the interaction of projectiles and lightweight composite armor. The armor of interest consists of a very hard and inflexible facing plate (ceramic) bonded to a flexible backing plate (fiber glass). Attention has been focused on the mechanism of interaction between a facing plate and a hard projectile (steel). Experimental results consist of high speed camera photographs of the projectile- armor interaction and observations of the final state of the projectile and armor. Theoretical analyses, based on the theory of elasticity, were used to established stress fields in the facing plate during the initial stages of impact and to determine deflections and bending moments during the later stages. In addition to this work on the mechanics of projectile-armor interaction, exploratory experiments were undertaken with a view toward establishing the dynamic mechanical properties of aluminum oxide, an important facing material.
Optomechanical non-Gaussian quantum steering and remote preparation of large-size motional Sch\"ordinger cat states

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present a scheme for remotely generating large-size motional Schr\"{o}dinger cat states in cavity optomechanical (OM) systems with non-Gaussian quantum steering of continuous variables. We consider that the output field from the OM cavity undergoes three typical kinds of multiphoton operations: multiphoton subtraction, multiphoton addition, or multiphoton catalysis, followed by homodyne detection. We first demonstrate that these multiphoton operations can lead to non-Gaussian OM quantum steerable correlations, which are unveiled by the subsequent homodyne detection with a Fisher-information-based steering criterion. It is found that the non-Gaussian steering is obviously enhanced with an increasing number $n$ of photons in the multiphoton operations, which, as we show, fails to be revealed with the well-known Reid's steering criterion. It therefore suggests that the Fisher-information-based criterion is more effective for witnessing non-Gaussian quantum steering. We next show that the strong OM steering enables the remote preparation of large-size Schr\"{o}dinger odd or even cat states of the mechanical oscillator by the homodyne detection. Accordingly, the amplitudes of the cat states also increase significantly with the photon number $n$, particularly in the cases of multiphoton subtraction and addition. Our results reveal the properties of non-Gaussian steering generated by multiphoton operations, and the large cat states of macroscopic mechanical resonators hold promise for fundamental tests in quantum mechanics and practical applications in quantum science.
Detection of phishing attack using visual cryptography in ad hoc network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) provide a wide range of applications such as disaster relief, military application, wireless sensor network (WSN), education, entrainment, health, commercial and civilian environments. One of its important applications is in commercial and civilian environments that cover e-commerce, vehicular services and networks of visitors at airports. Nowadays, phishing attacks are increasing with burgeoning rate for e-commerce websites. This paper provides a novel anti-phishing approach based on visual cryptography. According to this approach a user generates two shares of an image using (2, 2) visual cryptography scheme. Client stores the first share of this image and second share is uploaded to the website at the time of user registration. After this, website asks for some other information like second share of the image, user name, and password. These credentials of a particular user can change once per login. During each login phase, a user verifies the legitimacy of a website by getting secret information with the help of stacking both shares. There are many existing approaches based on cryptographic technique but they all suffer from False Positive notification. However, proposed approach does not suffer from False Positive (FP) notification and outperforms all existing approaches.
Dynamic Node Collaboration for Mobile Target Tracking in Wireless Camera Sensor Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Compared to the other types of sensor networks, the wireless camera sensor networks can offer much more comprehensive and accurate information in mobile target tracking applications. We propose a dynamic node collaboration scheme for mobile target tracking in wireless camera sensor networks. Unlike the traditional sensing models, we develop a nonlinear localization-oriented sensing model for camera sensors by taking the perspective projection and the observation noises into account. Based on our sensing model, we apply the sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) technique to estimate the belief state of the target location. In order to implement the SMC based tracking mechanism efficiently, we propose a dynamic node collaboration scheme, which can balance the tradeoff between the quality of tracking and the network cost. Our scheme deploys the dynamic cluster architecture which mainly includes the following two components. First, we design a scheme to elect the cluster heads during the tracking process. Second, we develop an optimization-based algorithm to select an optimal subset of camera sensors as the cluster members for estimating the target location cooperatively. Also conducted is a set of extensive simulations to validate and evaluate our proposed schemes.