jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
IDDF2021-ABS-0063 Using a consensus-based method to develop a novel paediatric-specific inflammatory bowel disease ehealth clinical management system

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background

'CCCare' is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-specific electronic medical record (eMR) developed to support care for adults with IBD. 'CCCare-P' is the paediatric 'version' of CCCare. CCCare-P may provide coordination of care between paediatric and adult centres during transition. A consensus method, described here, was developed prior to CCCare-P build to ensure necessary inclusions were incorporated. We aim to examine this method's effectiveness.

Methods

A consensus group (CG) comprising adult and paediatric health care professionals was formed. The CG created a list of potential functionalities (e.g. ability to score disease activity) and supporting resources (e.g. Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index [PUCAI]). The CG met and reviewed this list, identifying common themes. The CG was divided into three working groups (WG) based on identified themes (WG1=Diagnosis and management; WG2=Paediatric chronic disease; WG3= 'Non-clinical' items). Two voting rounds (VR1 & VR2) used the same Likert scale (0=Omit, 4=Essential) to determine opinions on proposed functionalities and resources. VR1 occurred after an initial item review meeting. WGs then independently reviewed functionalities and supporting resources, and later presented their findings to the CG in an online, two-day meeting. After circulating meeting minutes, attendees completed VR2. The content validity index method (CVI) was used to judge which functionalities and resources reached consensus (CVI 0.78).

Results

All five WG1 functionalities reached consensus in both voting rounds. The consensus process led to additional resources being included in VR2, with the number deemed necessary for inclusion in VR2 being 38 (68% consensus) compared to 23 in VR1 (65% consensus). All five WG2 functionalities and 11/15 resources reached consensus in VR2. For WG3, 4/8 functionalities and 3/28 resources reached consensus in VR1; with 4/6 functionalities and 6/17 of resources reaching consensus in VR2.

Conclusions

A consensus process was used to determine consensus for functionalities and resources needed to support CCCare-P. Most standard inclusions (e.g. disease activity indices) were non-contentious and thus minimally influenced by the consensus process. Conversely, complex items (e.g. mental health assessments) were markedly more influenced.
Alternative approach towards critical behavior and microscopic structure of the higher dimensional Power-Maxwell black holes

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Employing a new approach toward thermodynamic phase space, we investigate the\nphase transition, critical behavior and microscopic structure of higher\ndimensional black holes in an Anti-de Sitter (AdS) background and in the\npresence of Power-Maxwell field. In contrast to the usual extended $P-V$ phase\nspace where the cosmological constant (pressure) is treated as a thermodynamic\nvariable, we fix the cosmological constant and treat the charge of the black\nhole (or more precisely $Q^s$) as a thermodynamic variable. Based on this new\nstandpoint, we develop the resemblance between higher dimensional nonlinear\nblack hole and Van der Waals liquid-gas system. We write down the equation of\nstate as $% Q^s=Q^s(T,\\psi)$, where $\\psi$ is the conjugate of $Q^s$, and\nconstruct a Smarr relation based on this new phase space as $M=M(S,P,Q^s)$,\nwhile $% s=2p/(2p-1)$ and $p$ is the power parameter of the Power-Maxwell\nLagrangian. We obtain the Gibbs free energy of the system and find a\nswallowtail behaviour in Gibbs diagrams, which is a characteristic of\nfirst-order phase transition and express the analogy between our system and van\nder Waals fluid-gas system. Moreover, we calculate the critical exponents and\nshow that they are independent of the model parameters and are the same as\nthose of Van der Waals system which is predicted by the mean field theory.\nFinally , we successfully explain the microscopic behavior of the black hole by\nusing thermodynamic geometry. We observe a gap in the scalar curvature $R$\noccurs between small and large black hole. The maximum amount of the gap\nincreases as the number of dimensions increases. We finally find that character\nof the interaction among the internal constituents of the black hole\nthermodynamic system is intrinsically a strong repulsive interaction.\n
FSH, LH, E2, and T in Semen and Serum in Patients with Idiopathic Oligozoospermia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The hormonal profile of semen in oligozoospermia showed lower levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol (E2) and higher testostrerone (T), than control semen. Compared with peripheral plasma, LH and E2 were raised while T was significantly diminished.
Autoimmune Disease: Pathogenesis

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Autoimmune diseases are a vast array of organ‐specific as well as systemic diseases, whose pathogenesis stems from the activation of B‐ and T lymphocytes reacting against antigens of the body's own tissues (defined as ‘self’). T‐ and B lymphocytes are the main components of the adaptive arm of the immune system, and their major task is to rapidly and efficiently remove pathogens (e.g. viruses or bacteria) in the absence of relevant tissue damage and self‐recognition. In physiologic conditions, the ability of the immune system to avoid responsiveness to self‐antigens is obtained by the cooperative efforts of central and peripheral tolerance mechanisms. Alteration of either one of the two mechanisms favours the induction of autoimmune diseases that may either cause complete and irreversible loss of function of the targeted tissue or its hyperfunction. Key Concepts: Autoimmune diseases are the result of specific immune responses directed against structures of the self. Autoimmune diseases are the consequence of an altered function of the immune system. Autoimmune disease may involve a single tissue or multiple organs. Consequences of an autoimmune reaction may either be the loss of function or the hyperfunction of the target tissue. An autoimmune response may be primarily T‐ or B‐cell‐mediated, or both.
Comparison of orthoroentgenography and computed tomography in the measurement of limb-length discrepancy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To determine the most accurate roentgenographic technique for the measurement of limb-length discrepancy, the twenty lower extremities of ten cadavera were measured with use of both orthoroentgenograms and lateral scout computed-tomographic scanograms. The actual anatomical limb length also was measured, to serve as a control. The effects of flexion of the knee joint, use of an external fixator, cost and time of the examination, and exposure to radiation also were determined. No statistically significant difference in the measurements of the length of the femur was found between the two methods at neutral or at 15, 30, or 45 degrees of flexion of the knee. However, computed tomography was significantly more accurate than orthoroentgenography in the measurements of length of the tibia and of total length of the limb when the knee was flexed to 30 degrees or more (p less than 0.01). The placement of an Ilizarov fixator did not alter the results. The cost and time necessary to complete an examination were comparable for the two methods. However, computed tomography delivered only 20 per cent of the radiation needed for orthoroentgenography. Computed tomography is more accurate than orthoroentgenography for the measurement of limb-length discrepancy in patients who have a flexion deformity of the knee.
The Impact of Conservative Soil Maintenance Practices in Vineyards on Soil Microbial Diversity and on the Biodiversity of Useful and Harmful Entomofauna

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In the context of actual climatic changes, which led to an increase of soil hydric stress, new agrotechnical solutions were experimented to ensure a moisture preservation in soil and the conservation of soil microbial activity. These included the use of mulching systems and the cover crops, in order to replace the use of the classical black furrow system. In this respect, the aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of the use of soil mulching systems and of the cover crops in vineyards on the microbial biodiversity of the soil and on the biodiversity of the useful and harmful entomofauna, in comparison with the classical maintenance system, represented by black furrow. The researches were performed during two particularly dry years in two experimental plots located in Valea Cǎlugǎrescǎ viticultural center. In one of them were experimented, as soil maintenance systems, the total straw mulching and the partial mulching (interval between rows) with marc compost, in the other the artificial grassing of the interval between rows with ornamental clover Nano and with honey plants represented by Melilotus officinalis. The experimental data have shown the positive effect of mulching systems on soil microbial activity, highlighted by an increase of soil microbial load and of its diversity (represented by bacteria, fungi, algae and protozoa), especially in case of mulching with marc compost (15.94 million microorganisms/g of soil, as compared with 5.9 million in case of black furrow system). Also, the ratio between fungi and bacteria was higher in case of partial mulching, this aspect being a favorable factor for soil biological activity. The use of cover crops indicated a positive effect in the increasing of useful entomofauna, belonging to the orders Ortoptera, Coleoptera and Arahnidae (especially in case of the artificial grassing).
Lysozyme-Responsive Hydrogels of Chitosan-Streptomycin Conjugates for the On-Demand Release of Biofilm-Dispersing Enzymes for the Efficient Eradication of Oral Biofilms

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Hydrogels with controlled degradation and sustained antibiofilm activity are promising biomaterials for the treatment of oral infections such as periodontitis or caries. In this article, an in situ forming chitosan-streptomycin hydrogel is developed that can target established bacterial biofilms in response to lysozyme, an enzyme that is overexpressed in saliva during oral infections. When the new hydrogel is applied to simulated oral biofilms, the overexpressed lysozyme degrades the hydrogel and releases chitosan-streptomycin oligosaccharides that can eradicate the biofilm. This work has shown that the coupling of chitosan and streptomycin can have a synergistic effect and that the new hydrogel based on chitosan-streptomycin conjugate can effectively combat biofilms of E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa formed in vitro achieving a significant reduction in the biomass of the biofilm and a substantial reduction in the population of viable bacteria in established biofilms. Finally, the CS-Str hydrogel loaded with biofilm-disrupting enzymes, in particular, DNase I and/or DspB, showed a significantly increased ability to reduce the biofilm biomass of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus (by over 84% and up to 92%, respectively), resulting in a drastic reduction in cell viability, which fell below 4% for P. aeruginosa and below 5% for S. aureus.
The Limits of Disenchantment: Essays on Contemporary European Philosophy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A wide-ranging survey of the problems and thinkers dominating today's philosophical discourse. In this book Peter Dews explores some of the most urgent problems confronting contemporary European thought: the status of the subject after postmodernism, the ethical and existential dimensions of critical theory, the encounter between psychoanalysis and philosophy, and the possibilities of a non-foundational metaphysical thinking. His approach cuts across the hostile boundaries which that usually separate different theoretical traditions. Lacan and the Frankfurt School are brought into dialogue, as are deconstruction and Ricoeur?s hermeneutics. Current questions of language, communication and critique are located in a broader context, as the author ranges back over the history of modern philosophy, from poststructuralism?via Nietzsche?to German romanticism and idealism. A wide variety of issues is discussed in the book, including Habermas?s views on the ethics of nature, Lacan?s theory of Oedipal crisis, the relation between writing and the lifeworld in Derrida, and Schelling?s philosophy of the ?Ages of the World.? The volume is also enlivened by forceful critiques of a range of currently influential thinkers, including Michel Foucault, Richard Rorty, Rodolphe Gasch� and Slavoj ?i?ek.
PS17 Commissioning Care for People with Long Term Conditions

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background The landscape of health care commissioning is being reshaped in England, as clinical commissioning groups prepare to take on the role now held by Primary Care Trusts (PCTs). Long term conditions are likely to remain a priority area, with concerns about increasing prevalence driving a shift towards care delivered in the community and early intervention to avoid hospitalisation. We report on a NIHR-funded study which used action research in three NHS local health communities to examine in detail the practice of PCT commissioning of care for people with long term conditions. Methods The study was undertaken in three contrasting PCT areas (Somerset, Wirral and Calderdale), and focused on diabetes and another locally selected condition in each site. The design combined a largely ethnographic approach with action research, allowing for responsive intervention to meet local commissioners’ needs. Formal data collection over a 15 month period to January 2012 consisted of 104 semi structured interviews, observation of 27 meetings, and analysis of over 300 documents. A thematic framework was developed to guide analysis in terms of processes, resources and outcomes of commissioning. Results Findings highlighted the complex nature of health care commissioning, far removed from the ‘commissioning cycle’ which sets out a formal, sequential model emphasising contracting. Instead, commissioning developments took place over a number of years through an incremental process of review and revision where negotiation and relationships were prominent. Providers often played a significant role in identifying needs and designing new models of care. The sheer scale of labour involved in commissioning was striking. Greatest success with shifting models of care towards nationally recommended good practice came where there was a combination of effective prioritisation of developments, persistence and pragmatic bounding of tasks within a wider strategic framework. Measuring the impact of commissioning practice on clinical outcomes was challenging. Conclusion To fulfill national policy towards remodelling care for people with long term conditions, NHS commissioners are engaged in labour-intensive, steadily paced and incremental work with providers. Planned reforms to commissioning in England raise questions about whether this approach can continue in the face of straitened budgets for management support, an increased emphasis on provider competition and disruptions to established relationships between commissioners and providers.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 3 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "Country is Colombia", "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "TaxonKey is Radula involvens Spruce" ] } The dataset includes 3 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0239220-200613084148143/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
[Therapy progression in surgery of inflammatory bowel diseases].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), consisting of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are characterized by idiopathic, chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The overall incidence of IBDs is constantly increasing in eastern countries. In comparison with the data from western nations, in China, the incidence of male IBDs is relatively higher, the onset age is older. The severity of most cases is mild to moderate. The occurrence of fistula and peri-anal involvement are rare. Although significant improvements of IBDs therapy have been achieved in recent years, there are still over 30% UC and 70% CD cases need at least one surgery throughout their life span. Here we review the literatures published in recent years about the surgical management of IBDs.
Virulence Range and New Pathological Pictures of Salmonella enteridits and Salmonella typhimurium Isolated from Ducklings in Experimental Infected Chicks

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Salmonellosis is a major global pathogen in the poultry industry and is a significant public health concern. Ducks are known to be carriers of Salmonella. Therefore, monitoring salmonellosis is the most important strategy for preventing the disease. An experimental design was planned to study the pathogenicity of two Salmonella strains. One hundred and fifty chicks were divided into three groups; group one was inoculated with the Salmonella enteritidis strain, group two was inoculated with the Salmonella typhimurium strain, and group three was UN inoculated. Symptoms, postmortem lesions and mortality rate were recorded. The chick growth performance parameters were also determined. Using ANOVA for statistical analysis, there was a significant difference in body weight, body gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio between the two infected groups and the blank group (uninoculated group). In this study, the prevalence of Salmonella enteritidis was (1.73%) and Salmonella typhimurium (0.43%) in imported ducklings in Egypt. Both Salmonella strains were subjected to an antimicrobial sensitivity test. It showed that Salmonella enteritidis had a 60% antimicrobial resistance profile and Salmonella typhimurium had a 20% antimicrobial resistance profile. Furthermore, genotypic characterization was performed and the seven virulence genes(stn, avrA, sopB, ompF, invA, Mgtc, Ssaq) were found. New pathological lesions of Salmonella infection were discovered, such as skull hemorrhage at 3 days and 6 days of age, and a liver similar to a button shape in necropsied infected chicks with Salmonella typhimurium at 21 days of age. Furthermore, hemorrhagic spots were observed on the duodenum. In the presence of Salmonella, Clostridium perferingens was discovered in a bacteriological investigation of duodenal lesions samples from infected chicks. At 30 days of age, administration of acetic acid (1%) as an alternative tool for controlling Salmonella. In conclusion, salmonellosis is a risk factor for necrotic enteritis, and using acetic acid to eliminate salmonella infection is insufficient.
Geomorphology of the Middle Mississippi River

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract : A comprehensive study of the historical geomorphology of the Middle Mississippi River was made to determine the physical impact of river contraction works on river morphology and behavior, and subsequent effects on the side channels. The studies included physical model studies of the river and side channels, the combined effects of navigation improvement structures and flood protection works on flood stages, and a review of the history of development and modification of the Middle Mississippi River.
Sulphonylurea Drugs in Pregnancy

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

accurate list of these questions and I cannot agree with Professor Kekwick that 90% have been clinical.Indeed, I would put the true figure as at most 30%.But I would not be in the least surprised to know that the pro- fessor has some peculiarly personal definition of the word " clinical."Would he regard the following sample question, which was one recently asked, as clinical or as a sadistic joke at the candidate's expense, and not to be taken seriously ?Which of the following is correct?Kala-azar is black man's disease Kwashiorkor is red dog disease
THE CAROLINGIAN GREGORIANUM: ITS SECTIONS AND THEIR NUMBERING

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article THE CAROLINGIAN GREGORIANUM: ITS SECTIONS AND THEIR NUMBERING Get access W. H. FRERE W. H. FRERE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume os-XVIII, Issue 69, October 1916, Pages 47–55, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/os-XVIII.69.47 Published: 01 October 1916
Development of Environmental Attitude Scale for Korean Junior High School Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study was conducted to design long and short forms of reliable and valid Likert-type scales to measure environmental attitudes of Korean junior high school students. 8 tests were applied to the construction of a 32-item long form and 8-item short form of the scale. Two scales were field tested on 469 respondents consisting of male and female students in urban and rural areas and students participating in environmental programs. The 32-item scale was revealed to be highly reliable, content and construct valid. Reliability and homogeneity of this scale were evidenced by 0.92 coefficient alpha and positive interitem correlation values ranging from 0.10 to 0.52. Factor analysis and known-group comparison showed the sufficient validity of long form scale. Reliability and validity of short form scale were also evidenced by good results of 8 test analyses. The long and short forms were strongly correlated, ${\gamma}$-value of 0.90. Consequently, both long form and short form scales were evidenced very reliable and valid in measuring environmental attitudes of junior high school students in Korea. They can be useful for a variety of survey conditions and constraints and testing environmental attitude.