jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Polyphemus Moth Antheraea polyphemus (Cramer) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Saturniinae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The polyphemus moth, Antheraea polyphemus (Cramer), is one of our largest and most beautiful silk moths. It is named after Polyphemus, the giant cyclops from Greek mythology who had a single large, round eye in the middle of his forehead. The name is because of the large eyespots in the middle of the moth’s hind wings. This 9-page fact sheet was written by Donald W. Hall and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, August 2012. EENY-531/IN945: Polyphemus Moth Antheraea polyphemus (Cramer) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Saturniinae) (ufl.edu)
Is Morality-Based Islamic Economics an Answer to the Global Financial Crisis? by: Jean-Yves Moisseron, comment هل الاقتصاد الإسلامي القائم على الأخلاق هو الحل للأزمة المالية العالمية؟ جان ايف مويسرون - تعليق

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The title of the paper deals with an important issue: Is moral Islamic economics an answer to the global financial crisis? When we look at the literature, we do not have too much to say to answer this question. It is first very rare to have a negative answer. Muslim economists would not answer this question in the negative and those who think that way will not publish their views. Positive answers can be found but once again they are often partisan answers based on the a priori belief that Islam is the solution for everything( ). If Islam is a solution, then logically Islamic finance is the solution for the financial crisis; charity is the solution for poverty, Islamic ethics concerning the environment is an answer to the climatic change and so on. Such a partisan point of view is hardly acceptable for the non-Muslim world. --
The gene map of the rabbit, <i>Oryctolagus cuniculus </i>L.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The segregation of 11 enzyme markers was analyzed in 74 independent rabbit X hamster hybrid clones. Two syntenic groups were observed, LDHB-TPI and LDHA-ACP2. No syntenic relationship was found for the seven other markers, PEPB, PGM1, ENOl, GPI, NP, MDH1, and MDH2.
Deviation-Function Based Pitch Curve Modification for Conjugate Pair Design

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper a method for generating new conjugate kinematic pairs is developed. This method, called the “Deviation-Function ” method, is to use deviation functions to reshape the original pitch pairs so that the desired profiles of generated pairs can be obtained. A deviation function is defined as the distance between contacts and their corresponding instant centers of two conjugate pairs. In other words, a deviation function measures the amount of deviation of a point on the generated profile from its corresponding point on the original pitch profile. As demonstrated, this new method is applicable to any type of pitch pairs including circular or noncircular and identical or nonidentical. In addition, by using this method, it is relatively easier to realize desired geometrical and mechanical properties into the design.
Improvement in Protein Delivery for Critically Ill Patients Requiring High‐Dose Propofol Therapy and Enteral Nutrition

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Patients with traumatic brain (TBI) injury often require a high dosage of propofol, which can provide an excessive caloric intake. We evaluated our strategy of using liquid protein supplement boluses concurrently with high protein–containing enteral nutrition (EN) formulas and formula rate reduction to avoid caloric overfeeding and inadequate protein intake. Methods Adult patients (aged >17 years) with TBI admitted to the trauma intensive care unit (TICU) who received concurrent propofol and EN were retrospectively reviewed. Caloric intakes from propofol and EN were obtained. Actual protein intake was compared with projected protein intakes from high protein content and standard protein content enteral formulas when given at an isocaloric intake. Results Fifty‐one patients were enrolled. Average caloric intake from propofol was 356 ± 243 kcal/d or 5 ± 3 kcal/kg/d (range, <1–15 kcal/kg/d). Daily EN caloric intake ranged from 7 ± 4 kcal/kg/d (day 2) to 16 ± 9 kcal/kg/d (day 5; P < .001). Average protein intake ranged from 0.6 ± 0.4 g/kg/d (day 2) to 1.5 ± 0.7 g/kg/d (day 5; P < .001). The modified EN strategy resulted in daily delivery of 24%–38% more protein than an isocaloric regimen with a high protein–content formula and twice as much protein than the standard protein–content formula ( P < .001). Conclusion The strategy of providing an EN regimen comprised liquid protein boluses, and high and very high protein–containing EN formulas at a reduced rate improved protein delivery without caloric overfeeding.
The Effect of Education Provided to Family Members Caring for Colorectal Cancer Patients on Caregiving Reactions and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors: A Prospective Quasi-Experimental Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of the educational package provided to enhance family caregivers' experience of colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy on healthy lifestyle and caregiving reactions.Methods: The study was conducted as a pre-test-post-test, quasi-experimental intervention with a control group. The study population consisted of 100 caregivers who provide primary care to patients with colorectal cancer. The data were collected using the "Socio-Demographic Characteristics Data Collection Form", the "Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II", and the "Caregiver Reaction Assessment” forms. The pre-test was applied to the experimental and control groups at the first interview. After the preliminary interview, the experimental group was applied three times to face-to-face individual educational sessions through the education booklet prepared by taking the opinions of 5 academician nurses who are experts in the oncology field. The post-test then was applied to the caregivers in the experimental and control groups.Results: After the education provided to the experimental group, a positive change was observed in the mean scores of all sub-dimensions of Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II except for the physical sub-dimension. In the control group, there was a statistically significant negative change in the post-test mean scores in all sub-dimensions of the Caregiver Reaction Assessment Scale. Lack of family support in caregivers negatively affected interpersonal relationships, nutrition, health responsibility, and spiritual growth.Conclusion: In order to reduce the problems in family members, it is important to interact with a multidisciplinary approach not only with the patient but also with the caregivers during the chemotherapy process. Clinical Trials Identifier; NCT04791982, 10.03.2021, retrospectively registered
Examining the Assumptions Underlying Continuum-Solvent Models

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Continuum-solvent models (CSMs) have successfully predicted many quantities, including the solvation-free energies (ΔG) of small molecules, but they have not consistently succeeded at reproducing experimental binding free energies (ΔΔG), especially for protein-protein complexes. Several CSMs break ΔG into the free energy (ΔGvdw) of inserting an uncharged molecule into solution and the free energy (ΔGel) gained from charging. Some further divide ΔGvdw into the free energy (ΔGrep) of inserting a nearly hard cavity into solution and the free energy (ΔGatt) gained from turning on dispersive interactions between the solute and solvent. We show that for 9 protein-protein complexes neither ΔGrep nor ΔGvdw was linear in the solvent-accessible area A, as assumed in many CSMs, and the corresponding components of ΔΔG were not linear in changes in A. We show that linear response theory (LRT) yielded good estimates of ΔGatt and ΔΔGatt, but estimates of ΔΔGatt obtained from either the initial or final configurations of the solvent were not consistent with those from LRT. The LRT estimates of ΔGel differed by more than 100 kcal/mol from the explicit solvent model's (ESM's) predictions, and its estimates of the corresponding component (ΔΔGel) of ΔΔG differed by more than 10 kcal/mol. Finally, the Poisson-Boltzmann equation produced estimates of ΔGel that were correlated with those from the ESM, but its estimates of ΔΔGel were much less so. These findings may help explain why many CSMs have not been consistently successful at predicting ΔΔG for many complexes, including protein-protein complexes.
Water Resources Data, Nebraska, Water Year 2003

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Nebraska water resources data report for water year 2003 includes records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; water elevation and/or contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and quality of ground water in wells. This report contains records of stream stage for 3 stations; stream discharge for 103 continuous and 5 crest-stage gaging stations, and 5 miscellaneous sites; stream water quality for 14 gaging stations and 5 miscellaneous sites; water elevation and/or contents for 2 lakes and 1 reservoir; ground-water levels for 40 observation wells; and ground-water quality for 132 wells. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected in and near Nebraska by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating local, State, and Federal agencies.
Restoring the youth of aged red blood cells and extending their lifespan in circulation by remodelling membrane sialic acid

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Membrane sialic acid ( SA ) plays an important role in the survival of red blood cells ( RBC s), the age‐related reduction in SA content negatively impacts both the structure and function of these cells. We have therefore suggested that remodelling the SA in the membrane of aged cells would help recover cellular functions characteristic of young RBC s. We developed an effective method for the re‐sialylation of aged RBC s by which the cells were incubated with SA in the presence of cytidine triphosphate (CTP) and α‐2,3‐sialytransferase. We found that RBC s could be re‐sialylated if they had available SA ‐binding groups and after the re‐sialylation, aged RBC s could restore their membrane SA to the level in young RBC s. Once the membrane SA was restored, the aged RBC s showed recovery of their biophysical and biochemical properties to similar levels as in young RBC s. Their life span in circulation was also extended to twofold. Our findings indicate that remodelling membrane SA not only helps restore the youth of aged RBC s, but also helps recover injured RBC s.
Cardiomyopathies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is generally recognized as the most informative imaging technology for assessing patients with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathies. Beyond its standard-of-reference-quality quantitative data, it provides unique information on myocardial tissue characteristics that allows for the detection, localization, and spatial quantification of myocardial oedema, fibrosis, and infiltration. This not only provides an accurate discrimination of non-ischaemic from ischaemic myocardial disease, but also has led to very specific diagnostic criteria for certain cardiomyopathies (e.g. myocarditis, cardiac amyloidosis, myocardial iron overload, stress-induced cardiomyopathy Takotsubo, or Fabry's disease). Furthermore, CMR provides criteria for acute versus remote injury and, depending on the clinical context, evidence for myocardial inflammation such as in viral myocarditis. The chapter presents and discusses the important aspects of the clinical application of CMR in non-ischaemic cardiomyopathies with a focus on useful scan protocols, typical findings, added diagnostic value, and limitations. New approaches such as cardiac T1 mapping and T2 mapping are included. Key references on the current state-of-the-art use of CMR are provided and discussed.
Artificial immune algorithm in solving the channel assignment task

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper investigates the potential of Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) in solving the channel allocation problem in wireless communication. The main objective is to find the minimum number of channels to satisfy the demands of a network without violating any given constraints. The proposed methodology is applied to new datasets which were generated based on user requirements. These new datasets consist of two hundred problem instances, which vary from easy and small to complex and difficult problem settings. Comparisons with other methods, i.e. randomized-based heuristic and Genetic Algorithm, are carried out to evaluate the performance of the AIS on this problem. AIS is shown to be an efficient methodology for this problem.
Prevention and control of vacuum interval by managed pressure injection in cementing

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This article uses on-site drilling data and establishes a hydraulic model for pres?sure-controlled cementing to simulate and analyze the generation process of the vacuum interval in the wellbore, as well as the changes in the volume and height of the vacuum interval, bottom hole pressure, and point of interest pressure over time. This model can optimize and recommend key parameters such as target wellhead back pressure and displacement based on the pressure window and drilling param?eters, with the target pressure of the focus point as the anchor point. Through the hydraulic model of controlled pressure cementing, the hydraulic parameters and processes of managed pressure cementing can be optimized and recommended, effectively ensuring the safety of the cementing process.
Structure of Na4OI2

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Cristallisation dans I4/mmm avec a=4,655, c=15,940 A, Z=2; affinement jusqu'a R=0,0448. Ce compose cristallise dans une structure anti-K 2 MgF 4 et est de stoechiometrie differente des phases ternaires oxyhalogenures de sodium avec du chlore ou du brome, qui, elles, cristallisent dans la structure anti-perovskite
Additional Topics

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This chapter contains sections titled: Block Designs for Mixture Experiments Symmetric-Simplex Block Designs for Fitting the Scheffé Second-Order Model An Example of Orthogonal Blocking Using a Symmetric-Simplex Design Constructing Orthogonal Blocks Using Latin Squares Weighted Versus Unweighted Least-Squares Estimates of the Parameters in the Scheffé Models Some Comments on Design Criteria and Some Results Using the ACED Program Constant Prediction Variance on Concentric Triangles for Three-Component Systems Altering the Terms in the Scheffé-Type Models to Improve the Accuracy and/or Stability of the Coefficient Estimates Collinearity Problems Resulting from Performing Experiments in Highly Constrained Regions A Numerical Example Illustrating the Fitting of Segmented Scheffé Models to Freezing-Point Data from a Two-Component System Biplot Displays for Multiple Responses A Five-Response Plastics-Compounding Example Optimizing Several Responses Simultaneously Recalling the Three-Component Propellant Example of Section 5.13 Summary
Antiproliferative and caspase-mediated apoptosis inducing effects of Murraya koenigii seeds against cancer cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Murraya koenigii (Rutaceae), a tropical to the sub-tropical tree is well disseminated in the eastern region of India and known for its curative potential against ample diseases and disorders. In this study, the methanolic extract of Murraya koenigii seeds (MEMS) was screened for the first time to determine the in vitro cytotoxicity and caspase-mediated apoptosis-inducing effects against breast and colon cancer cells. Both in vitro assay and in silico molecular docking study were performed to screen the anti-proliferative potential of MEMS. Cicer arietinum seeds germination and Allium cepa root tip inhibition assay were used to study the anti-mitotic effect of the MEMS. Angiogenesis inhibition and cytotoxicity of MEMS were determined using chicken egg chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and brine shrimp lethality bioassay respectively. MTT assay was used to exhibit the cell viability while apoptotic cells were determined using annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate assay. The activity of caspase-3 and caspase-7 was performed using the luminometric assay. SeDeM diagram and Heckel plot were generated for MEMS to predict their compression suitability. The MEMS significantly reduced the growth of Cicer arietinum seeds sprout (P<0.05) compared to control and on a par with methotrexate treated groups. Cell division in Allium cepa roots was diminished by 7.73 fold compared to control at the dose of 1000 µg/mL. MEMS showed moderate anti-angiogenic activity (14.81%) on CAM and considerable cytotoxicity (LD50= 40.860 μg/mL) to brine shrimps. MEMS elicited the prominent cytotoxic effect against DLD-1 colorectal cancer cells compared to MCF-7 breast cancer cells. It showed caspase-mediated apoptosis with reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Early and late apoptotic rates were observed to be 7.13 and 2.57 fold higher respectively, than control. In silico docking analysis corroborated that neplanocin A and girinimbine interacted with proteolytic enzymes (caspase-3 and caspase-7) mainly by hydrogen bonding, aromatic, hydrophobic, and Van der Waals interactions. SeDeM diagram and Heckel plot revealed the poor compression behavior of MEMS. However, MEMS is having enormous potential and can be processed for further in vivo experiments.
Examinator

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Examinator compares pairs of take-home exams to select which should be manually checked for plagiarism. Examinator also generates a report with evidence for these cases using its metrics and those generated as a by-product of the commercial grading tool Gradescope. Examinator supports degree-seeking graduate programs (both online and on-campus) at a top computer science graduate institute in the United States. Since Spring 2019, Examinator has compared over 2 million pairs of exams from a popular Artificial Intelligence course, resulting in 56 cases being referred for discipline. Iterative development has improved the percentage of referrals of suggested cases from 15% to 25%.
NASA space station automation: AI-based technology review

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Research and Development projects in automation for the Space Station are discussed. Artificial Intelligence (AI) based automation technologies are planned to enhance crew safety through reduced need for EVA, increase crew productivity through the reduction of routine operations, increase space station autonomy, and augment space station capability through the use of teleoperation and robotics. AI technology will also be developed for the servicing of satellites at the Space Station, system monitoring and diagnosis, space manufacturing, and the assembly of large space structures.
HONEY AS A BIOINDICATOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL STABILITY: MELISSOPALYNOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ecosystem stability, agricultural production and human well-being are all supported by biodiversity; nevertheless, urbanisation, habitat loss and climate change are posing a growing danger to biodiversity worldwide. Rapid environmental change has a significant impact on pollinator populations and floral diversity in the Indo-Gangetic Plain as studied in Kanpur, Unnao and Lucknow, districts of Central Uttar Pradesh. The study of pollen in honey or melissopalynology, is highlighted in this chapter as an inventive and reasonably priced method of evaluating floral resources, pollinator behaviour and ecological changes. The results show a variety of pollen spectra, such as Coriandrum, Brassica, Ziziphus, Bombax, Acacia, Syzygium, Azadirachta, Malvaceae, Anacardiaceae, Ageratum, Asteroideae and Poaceae which reflect the different landscapes that support pollination and foraging services for bees. Through the integration of global and regional views, the chapter emphasises the interdependence of species and habitats, the ecological and socio-economic significance of pollinators, and the necessity of community-based beekeeping, habitat conservation, and pollinator-friendly methodologies. In Central Uttar Pradesh, melissopalynology is ultimately used as a scientific and useful technique for biodiversity monitoring and sustainable landscape management.
Pediatric feeding problems: A field of application in behavior analysis

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Pediatric feeding problems occur in a significant proportion of children, especially, in those with developmental disabilities. If unattended, these problems can have negative effects on children’s health, such as: severe weight loss, malnutrition, delayed linear growth and in extreme cases, death. The behavior-analytic approach to the assessment and treatment of feeding problems with children has proven to be successful in increasing appropriate eating while decreasing maladaptive behavior. In this paper, the first of its kind in Spanish, a critical review of assessment and treatment methods developed under a behavioral-analytic perspective is conducted, its clinical application is illustrated with a case study and new lines of research are proposed. It is concluded that the procedures developed within this perspective have proven to be effective for the treatment of pediatric feeding problems. Future research should focus on delimiting treatment parameters in an effort to determine the effectiveness of treatments, as well as developing parent-training programs to treat and prevent feeding problems in their children.
Distribution Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon in Huitong as Affected By Different Afforestation Models for Conversion of Cropland to Forestland

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper made a characteristic study,in Huitong,Hunan Province,of the soil particle density,soil water content,soil hydroscopic water and soil carbon storage of different plantations afforested by different models for conversion of cropland to forestland.The results show that many differences of soil particle density,soil water content,soil hydroscopic water and soil carbon storage exist under the models.The soil organic carbon contents decrease with the increase of soil depth.The storage comparison results of organic carbon at the same depth show that the organic carbon storage of Michelia chapensis and Manglietia insignis(Wall.) Bl.forest is the highest and that of Pinus massoniana forest is the lowest.The calculated results of soil organic carbon reserve go as follows: the soil organic carbon reserve of Michelia chapensis and Manglietia insignis(Wall.) Bl.forest is 119.483 t/hm2,that of Elaeocarpus sylvestris(Lour.) Poir and Cinnamomum camphora 104.792 t/hm2,that of Elaeocarpus sylvestris(Lour.) Poir and Michelia chapensis 104.547 t/hm2,that of Cinnamomum camphora 97.983 t/hm2,and that of Pinus massoniana 74.497 t/hm2.According to the above statistics,the paper concludes that afforestation of mixed forest is an effective measure for increasing soil organic carbon accumulation,forest of Michelia chapensis and Manglietia insignis(Wall.) Bl.being the best example.