jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Debate Reawakened: Premorbid Factors for Soldiers with Refractory Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Soldiers with severe Posttraumatic Stress Disorder who did not respond favourably to the front echelon treatment units, were treated in a rear echelon treatment centre, named Combat Fitness Retraining Unit, an alternative to psychiatric hospitalization. The soldiers were given individual clinical interviews; their combat potential scores were measured to tap premorbid factors which may have contributed to the development of symptoms. Analysis indicated that (1) in the clinical interview subjects showed clear interpersonal, school, family, and army adjustment problems prior to the trauma, (2) soldiers with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder treated in the rear unit tended to come from the lower end of the military combat potential level. Ramifications of these findings were carefully elucidated.
Numerical Investigation of the Unsteady Transonic 3D-Flow in Stator and Rotor Cascades With Oscillating Blades

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Subject of this paper is a numerical method for the simulation of flutter in three dimensional oscillating cascades. Unsteadiness can be caused by bending and torsional oscillation modes simultaneously. The goal of the investigation is the evaluation of the resulting blade forces and moments. The flow is assumed to be time-dependent and inviscid. By solving the Euler equations in a nonlinear way, large oscillations as well of the airfoil as of existing shocks can be treated. The numerical solution follows a Godunov-type upwind scheme, formulated in node centered finite volume technique. An approximative Riemann solver proposed by Roe is used to determine the fluxes over the surfaces of the control volume. Since unphysical expansion shocks have to be suppressed, a modification of the transonic characteristic speeds is included. The extrapolation of the flow values onto the control volumes’ surfaces is done by means of the MUSCL technique, embedded in a TVD-scheme with the flux limiter by van Albada. The computational domain is restricted to only one channel and the periodic values are stored over one period of oscillation. A special technique is introduced, which reduces both the effort in CPU-time and in computer memory. Results are included for compressor and turbine geometries in sub- and transonic flow.
Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: What We Know

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We examine airborne transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) potential using a source-to-dose framework beginning with generation of virus-containing droplets and aerosols and ending with virus deposition in the respiratory tract of susceptible individuals. By addressing 4 critical questions, we identify both gaps in addressing 4 critical questions with answers having policy implications.
California climate change, hydrologic response, and flood forecasting

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

There is strong evidence that the lower atmosphere has been warming at an unprecedented rate during the last 50 years, and it is expected to further increase at least for the next 100 years. Warmer air mass implies a higher capacity to hold water vapor and an increased likelihood of an acceleration of the global water cycle. This acceleration is not validated and considerable new research has gone into understanding aspects of the water cycle (e.g. Miller et al. 2003). Several significant findings on the hydrologic response to climate change can be reported. It is well understood that the observed and expected warming is related to sea level rise. In a recent seminar at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, James Hansen (Director of the Institute for Space Studies, National Aeronautics and Space Administration) stressed that a 1.25 Wm{sup -2} increase in radiative forcing will lead to an increase in the near surface air temperature by 1 C. This small increase in temperature from 2000 levels is enough to cause very significant impacts to coasts. Maury Roos (Chief Hydrologist, California Department of Water Resources) has shown that a 0.3 m rise in sea level shifts the San Francisco Bay 100-year storm surge flood event to a 10-year event. Related coastal protection costs for California based on sea level rise are shown. In addition to rising sea level, snowmelt-related streamflow represents a particular problem in California. Model studies have indicated that there will be approximately a 50% decrease in snow pack by 2100. This potential deficit must be fully recognized and plans need to be put in place well in advance. In addition, the warmer atmosphere can hold more water vapor and result in more intense warm winter-time precipitation events that result in flooding. During anticipated high flow, reservoirs need to release water to maintain their structural integrity. California is at risk of water shortages, floods, and related ecosystem stresses. More research needs to be done to further improve our ability to forecast weather events at longer time scales. Seasonal predictions have been statistical and only recently have studies begun to use ensemble simulations and historical observations to constrain such predictions. Understanding the mechanisms of large-scale atmospheric dynamics and its local impacts remain topics of intensive research. The ability to predict extreme events and provide policy makers with this information, along with climate change and hydrologic response information, will help to guide planning to form a more resilient infrastructure in the future.
Preparation of Gamma-Lactams via a Nickel-Catalyzed Addition of In Situ Generated Diorganozinc Reagents to Imides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A range of .-hydroxy-lactams have been prepared from the selective direct addition of in-situ prepared diorganozinc nucleophiles to N-substituted aryl phthalimides with catalytic amounts of Ni(COD)2 and PPh3. A wide range of substituted phthalimides and diarylzinc nucleophiles varying in electronic character have been prepared by condensation and lithium-halogen exchange reactions respectively. Diarylzinc reagents were added directly to the N-phenyl phthalimide without purification. The preparation of imides and nucleophiles is shown below: (see abstract book for image)
Essential Oil Composition ofBacopa imbricate(Benth.) Pennel Collected at Wet and Dry Amazonian Seasons

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The volatiles of Bacopa imbricata, collected at wet and dry Amazonian seasons were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. Comparison with the essential oil obtained from the samples collected from the same locality shows noticeable differences in the total oil content (wet season: 0.2%; dry season: 0.1%), and in the percentage of the main component β-sesquiphellandrene (wet season: 65.3%, dry season: 43.3%).
Occupant Restraint and Equipment Mounting Integrity – Frontal Impact Ambulance Patient Compartment

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<div class="section abstract"> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This SAE Recommended Practice describes the test procedures for conducting frontal impact occupant restraint and equipment mounting integrity tests for ambulance patient compartment applications. Its purpose is to describe crash pulse characteristics and establish recommended test procedures that will standardize restraint system and equipment mounting testing for ambulances. Descriptions of the test set-up, test instrumentation, photographic/video coverage, and the test fixtures are included.</div></div>
White-tailed deer population dynamics as influenced by deer density and nutrition in southern Texas

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Optimum management of white-tailed deer herds is important to many stake-holders in south Texas. My objectives were to analyze white-tailed deer population dynamics as influenced by deer density and nutrition, model the population dynamics on simulated 20.2 km² pastures in order to analyze the effects on trophy buck (Boone and Crockett score > 160) production, and compare population estimate techniques. Three target densities were analyzed with enhanced nutrition provided to half the populations. Enhanced nutrition had a positive effect (P ≤ 0.05) on all demographics analyzed except yearling antler growth. Density dependence was displayed in the indigenous nutrition enclosures as mature deer body mass decreased with increase in density from medium to high (F2,5 = 3,88, P = 0.01). Population growth rate (λ), Fawn:doe ratios, fawn and yearling growth rate, fawn survival, and adult survival did not display density dependence. Trends in population growth rate (λ) indicated a weak density-dependent relationship and both enhanced and indigenous nutrition populations displayed a constant growth rate over the range of densities analyzed with a 30% higher λ in the enhanced nutrition treatments. When modeling the population dynamics in the enhanced nutrition pastures, there was a direct relationship between density and number of trophy bucks produced. In the indigenous nutrition pastures, the medium density produced the most trophy bucks. For estimation of bucks, all methods analyzed were accurate within 1 buck. When estimating female deer, timing of survey had no affect on accuracy (F3,216 = 0.07, P = 0.55), whereas estimates of fawns was more accurate in January than in September when using the modified Jacobson technique (F1,108 = 61.2, P < 0.001). In south Texas’s highly variable nutritive environment, monitoring for a decrease in mature deer body mass was the first indicator of density-dependence available to managers. Nutrition is clearly limiting in the south Texas landscape, as improving the nutritive state with enhanced nutrition resulted in improved performance in individual deer and their population dynamics.
Comparison of tracking algorithms implemented in OpenCV

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Computer vision is very progressive and modern part of computer science. From scientific point of view, theoretical aspects of computer vision algorithms prevail in many papers and publications. The underlying theory is really important, but on the other hand, the final implementation of an algorithm significantly affects its performance and robustness. For this reason, this paper tries to compare real implementation of tracking algorithms (one part of computer vision problem), which can be found in the very popular library OpenCV. Moreover, the possibilities of optimizations are discussed.
Isomorphic factorizations VII. Regular graphs and tournaments

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract It is shown using enumeration results that for r > 2 t , almost all labeled r ‐regular graphs cannot be factorized into t ⩾ 2 isomorphic subgraphs. However, no examples of such nonfactorizable graphs are known which satisfy the obvious divisibility condition that the number of edges is divisible by t. Similar observations hold for regular tournaments ( t ⩾ 2} and for r ‐regular digraphs ( r > t ⩾ 2).
Numerical chemotaxonomy of some Bignoniaceae

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract From the quantified qualitative and chromatographic data on the distribution of different classes of secondary metabolites and phenolic constituents respectively in 14 taxa of Bignoniaceae spread over 5 genera, it is tentatively inferred that Spathodea is a relatively primitive taxon and Tabebuia an advanced one. There is a fair degree of kinship, as evidenced by the synthetic numerical indices which range from 851 to 1027 and the affinity among the members is also expressed in polygons.
Optical Centers in Cr-, Mn-, and O-Doped AlN and Their Thermodynamic Stability Designed by a Multiscale Computational Approach

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The optical centers in AlN can frequently exist in various charge states and can be accompanied by many coexisting defect species, creating a complex environment where mutual interactions are inevitable. Therefore, it is an immediate quest to design AlN crystal growth protocols that can target a specific optical center of interest and tune its concentration while preventing the formation of other unwanted point defects. Here, we provide a powerful workflow for point defect engineering in wide band gap, binary semiconductors that can be readily used to design optimal crystal growth protocols through combining CALPHAD-based phase analysis, and ab initio defect calculations. We investigate technologically relevant chromium- and manganese-induced optical centers in AlN, followed by studying the impact of oxygen that can be unintentionally incorporated during crystal growth. We present the dominant defects in all three cases as a function of process parameters along with the optical signatures. In the case of both Cr and Mn doping, the CrAl and MnAl defects are most likely, and increasing nitrogen partial pressure tends to enhance their concentration. We show that it is possible to use nitrogen fugacity as a tool for tuning the intensity of optical signatures. We calculate the CrAl charge transition levels with respect to the valence-band maximum at 2.60 eV (E+/-), 3.83 eV (E0/-), and 5.41 eV (E-/2-) and electron and hole capture transitions with luminescence bands centered at 2.82, 1.91, and 3.15 eV. Unlike the Cr doping, Mn aggregation is unlikely, and the MnAl-VN is the most abundant defect after MnAl under most synthesis conditions. Oxygen tends to form complexes with VAl, and ON-VAl is a prominent defect following ON, with near-UV emission bands at 3.17, 3.26, and 3.81 eV. Our results agree with the available experimental optical signatures of Cr-, Mn-, and O-related centers and provide pathways on how to tune the luminous intensity of these centers through changes in growth conditions.
IMMUNE DISORDERS AND SELENIUM CONTENT IN CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS IN CHILDREN

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SummaryEstablished was the role of selenium deficiency as a factor in development of disorders of immunological reactivity based on the results of a comprehensive study of its content in blood serum and daily urine of 20 children aged 3 to 7 years with various forms of chronic pyelonephritis. Revealed was a marked reduction of selenium content in blood serum (by 4,8 times), and in daily urine (by 5,7 times) compared with control. The growth of selenium deficiency in obstructive forms of chronic pyelonephritis is a co-factor of inhibition of cellular immunity.Key words: microelements, selenium, chronic pyelonephritis, children, immunogram.* Автор для переписки: faizrachmanovaee@mail.ru Проблема инфекции органов мочевой системы у детей продолжает оставаться одной из наиболее актуальных в детской нефрологии. Первое место в структуре за-болеваний почек у детей занимает хрони-ческий пиелонефрит (ПН). Несмотря на существование многочисленных методов диагностики ПН, до настоящего времени изучаются возможности новых методи-ческих приёмов, направленных на оцен-ку его активности и стойкости клинико-
Evaluating Basic Two-Dimensional Echocardiography For Screening In Coronary Artery Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Basic two-dimensional echocardiography (2D-echocardiography) screens for suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) by detecting impaired left ventricular function (LVF) which declines as atherosclerosis worsens. Aim: To evaluate basic 2D-echocardiography for CAD screening. Methods: CAD screening was performed with 2D-echocardiography. For global screening, left ventricular ejection fraction percentage (LVEF%) was determined and categorised into global systolic LVF. For regional screening, global average echocardiography score (GAES) was quantified, then categorised into functional impairment. After screening, high-risk patients underwent diagnostic coronary angiography. Abnormal angiography had >50% luminal stenosis. Angiography was also quantified with Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score, then categorised. Statistical Package for Social Science 25.0 analysed data. Results: There were 471 patients screened for CAD; 154/471 (33%) underwent angiography. For angiography selection amongst 471 screened patients, GAES was higher (p<0.001) and positively correlated (Pearson’s coefficient 0.296); LVEF% was lower (p=0.002) and negatively correlated (Pearson’s coefficient -0.187). Amongst 154 patients, SYNTAX score correlated negatively with LVEF% (Pearson’s coefficient -0.276) and positively with GAES (Pearson’s co-efficient 0.180). For categories, angiography had 66/154 (42.9%) normal and 88/154 (57.1%) abnormal results. SYNTAX score had 134/154 (87.0%) low-risk and 20/154 (13.0%) medium-high-risk categories. GAES correlated positively with angiogram results (Spearman’s coefficient 0.298) and SYNTAX categories (Spearman’s coefficient 0.110). LVEF% correlated negatively with angiogram results (Spearman’s coefficient -0.307) and SYNTAX categories (Spearman’s coefficient -0.254). Conclusions: The distribution of underlying atherosclerotic vessels resulted in regional wall abnormalities being more significant than global function on 2D-echocardiography. We conclude that basic 2D-echocardiography remains useful in CAD screening.
Pendampingan Pembuatan Laporan Keuangan, Digital Marketing Serta Sosialisasi Pengurusan Perizinan Sertifikasi Halal UMKM Keripik Usus Ibu Parmiati

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Business actors in Balikpapan face obstacles in financial records, product marketing through digital applications and obtaining halal certification permits. The purpose of this activity is to provide an effective understanding of financial records, product marketing strategies, and halal certification to business actors to increase product selling value. The Community Service Program (PKM), which starts from July 24, 2023, to October 24, 2023, is carried out through mentoring and training activities. The participants in the activity involved business actors in one of the urban villages in Balikpapan, namely MSMEs Intestinal Chips Mrs. Parmiyati. The evaluation of activities shows an increase in the understanding of business actors in financial records, digital marketing, and halal certification. The result obtained after the evaluation is carried out, the understanding of MSME actors is quite good. This is known from Mrs. Parmiyati's ability to carry out financial records and do Digital Marketing, while the management of halal certification has also been successful with the issuance of a Halal Certificate for her intestinal chip products.Pelaku usaha di Balikpapn menghadapi kendala dalam pencatatan keuangan, pemasaran produk melalui aplikasi digital dan pengurusan perizinan sertifikasi halal. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah memberikan pemahaman efektif tentang pencatatan keuangan, strategi pemasaran produk, dan sertifikasi halal kepada pelaku usaha untuk meningkatkan nilai jual produk. Program pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) yang dimulai pada 24 Juli 2023 sampai dengan 24 Oktober 2023 ini dilakukan melalui kegiatan pendampingan dan pelatihan. Peserta kegiatan melibatkan pelaku usaha di salah satu kelurahan di Balikpapan, yaitu UMKM Keripik Usus Ibu Parmiati. Evaluasi kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman pelaku usaha dalam pencatatan keuangan, pemasaran digital dan sertifikasi halal. Hasil akhir yang didapatkan bahwa setelah dilakukan evaluasi adalah pemahaman pelaku UMKM sudah cukup baik. Hal ini diketahui dari sudah mampunya Ibu Parmiati melakukan pencatatan keuangan dan pembuatan Digital Marketing, sedangkan pengurusan sertifikasi halalnya juga sudah berhasil dengan telah terbitnya Sertifikat Halal produk keripik ususnya.
Nineteenth-century planned industrial communities and the role of aesthetics in spatial practices: the visual ideologies of Pullman and Port Sunlight

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the 1880s British and American planned industrial communities revealed a distinct shift in spatial practices as two discrete architecture and landscape architectural aesthetics were applied to community design: Beaux Arts, and Arts and Crafts. Two of the most extensive planned industrial communities during this decade received aesthetic attention: Pullman, Illinois near Chicago (1880), established by George Pullman, and Port Sunlight, near Liverpool (1888), established by William Lever. Both Pullman and Lever believed that by applying a distinctive aesthetic they could establish a cohesive visual ideology for social control. Lever and Pullman believed that by creating “beautiful” spaces, this would encourage and/or constrain worker attitudes and behaviors, what Henri Lefebvre calls “means of control” (1991, p 26). In addition, both Pullman and Port Sunlight became central to establishing and maintaining each company's brand identity. This paper explores the visual ideologies these two industrialists used to produce a distinctive sense of community while also revealing the inherent tensions and limitations of those aesthetics. Not only do Pullman and Port Sunlight reflect an important shift in spatial practices during the 1880s, their architects and landscape architects became influential leaders in the visual ideologies of the City Beautiful and Garden City planning movements.
Serum calcitonin gene-related neuropeptide (CGRP) in patients with benign and malignant breast lesions: Correlation with mammographic breast density.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

78 Background: The aim of this study was to assess the variation of the serum neo-angiogenic neuropeptide CGRP in patients with benign and malignant breast lesions and to evaluate its possible correlation with mammographic findings. Methods: Our study included forty eight women with histologically confirmed breast lesions: mild epithelial hyperplasia (MEH): n=12, florid epithelial hyperplasia (FEH): n=5, atypical hyperplasia (AH): n=4, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): n=5, mixed in situ with invasive ductal carcinoma (DCIS+IDC): n=9 and pure IDC: n=13. Serum CGRP levels were measured by RIA methods and compared among the various groups by Mann-Whitney test. Mammographic breasy density (BD%) was calculated using computer-assisted methods and was correlated with serum CGRP concentration by applying linear regression analysis. Results: Serum CGRP concentration (mean±SD: pg/mL) in the various groups, was: MEH: 96.8±22.5, FEH: 135.5±33.5, AH: 139±44.4, DCIS: 131.4±37.5, DCIS+IDC: 1167.5±927.5, pure IDC: 198±82. DCIS+IDC lesions presented statistically significantly higher serum CGRP levels (versus: MEH p<0.001, FEH p<0.001, AH p<0.001, DCIS p<0.001 and IDC p<0.001). Serum CGRP concentration presented statistically significant correlation with BD% (r=0.947, p<0.0001). Conclusions: Statistically increased serum CGRP concentration was determined in women with DCIS+IDC lesions. The significant correlation between serum CGRP levels and BD, enhances the suggestion that DCIS+IDC represents a distinct pathological entity, associated with an interactive mechanism between BD and serum CGRP expression. Therefore, serum CGRP levels could constitute a future useful preoperative index of the nature or type of suspicious mammographic lesions, in order to schedule the appropriate therapeutic treatment, and potentially propounds the perspective of adjunctive therapeutic administration of anti-CGRP peptides.