jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
How does justice matter in developing supply chain trust and improving information sharing - an empirical study in Pakistan

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In supply chain management, information sharing has become a major driver of competitive advantage. Because organisations are an essential part of globalised competitive economies which are characterised by the network of intra and inter-firms relationships. Information sharing is an important prerequisite of supply chain integration. This article proposes to examine the association between supply chain justice, trust and information sharing. It presents a conceptual framework in which supply chain justice can affect information sharing through the development of trust between trade channel partners. The conceptual model comprises four hypotheses. We conducted confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to test the validity and reliability of the model. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling (SEM) on data collected from 170 firms of Pakistan. The study results indicate the importance for firms to promote supply chain justice in the whole supply chain for the development of partners' trust, which can improve the high level of information sharing. Finally, implications for practice, limitations, and guidelines for future research are discussed in the paper.
Effects of cutting heights and interval of cutting on the yield of Moringa Oleifera (horse raddish)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The study examined the effects of three cutting heights (Ground level, 0.20m and 1.00m) and harvesting interval on the yield of Moringa oleifera. Field investigation was employed to generate data. The data obtained was analysed using simple descriptive statistics. The result showed there was significant difference among the cutting heights in dry yield. The highest 369.26g/tree (10.416t/ha ) biomass was obtained from cutting at 0.20m, followed by the ground level cutting with 282.83g/tree (4.843t/ha), the lowest yield 241g/tree (3.128t/ha) was recorded from cutting at 1.00m height. The finding further indicated that yield also differed significantly with harvesting interval, with progressive increase from 2 to 12 weeks there was corresponding increase in yield (305-319.53g) respectively. On the basis of which the study recommends that cutting at 0.02m height and a progressive increase of 2 weeks interval of cutting will significantly improve the yield of Moringa oleifera.
RECENT TRENDS IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ETHIOPIA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Ethiopia is the second-largest country in African content with a population of 905 million whereas Nigeria occupied first place with a population of 105 million. As per the Human Development Index, Ethiopia ranked as 173rd position out of 189 countries. It is one of the least developed countries (LDCs) in the world. Presently, Ethiopia has been facing various challenges an efficient education system and the rapid expansion of the population in Ethiopia. As per the African standards, by 2050 the population of Ethiopia will be raised to 191 million and less than 15 years of age people more than 40%. Ethiopia is one of the faster-growing economies during the last decade about the fivefold raised i.e., from USD136 to USD 768. As per the World Bank, Ethiopia is one of the disadvantaged countries during the 20th century due to a lack of efficiency and shortage of teachers. This paper focuses on the recent trends in low-income country of Ethiopia primary, secondary, higher education, to investigate the expenditure incurred by the government influencing the growth of the economy and to give appropriate suggestions for the improvement of the education system in Ethiopia.
Photolithography

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The sections in this article are Introduction Exposure Tools Image Formation and Resolution Contact and Proximity Printing Optical Mask Aligner X‐Ray Stepper Projection Printing Near UV Projection Systems Deep UV Projection Systems Nonconventional UV Lithography Post‐Optical Lithography Photoresist Processing Quality Control and Resist Deposition Purity and Storage Stability Resist Coating Resist Exposure and Development Characteristic Curve and Standing Wave Effects Process Latitudes Dissolution Rate and Development Methods Pattern Inspection and Resist Profile Simulation Etching, Resist Stripping and Planarization Photoresists Principles of Photoresist Chemistry Negative‐Tone Resists Photocrossslinking Via Azides Free‐Radical‐Initiated Polymerization Acid‐Catalyzed Crosslinking Positive‐Tone Resists Dissolution Inhibition/Dissolution Promotion Acid‐Catalyzed Deblocking Polymer Degradation Solvents for Photoresists and Main Resist Suppliers Special Photoresist Techniques Nonconventional Diazo Resist Processes Resist Profile Modification and Image Reversal Bilayer Systems for Contrast Enhancement Suppression of Reflections and Standing Wave Effects Dyed Resists Antireflective Layers Silicon‐Containing Multilayer Resists Negative‐Tone Silicon Bilayer Resists Positive‐Tone Silicon Bilayer Resists Top Surface Imaging Gas Phase Silylation Systems Liquid Phase Silylation Systems Trends in Photolithography
Can Clinical Scores Predict the Presence of Hypoxic Ischemic Brain Injury on Early Head Computed Tomography After Cardiac Arrest? (P6-2.001)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Evaluate the Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (FOUR) and revised post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome for Therapeutic hypothermia (rCAST) scores for predicting hypoxic ischemic brain injury (HIBI) on early head computed tomography (CT) following cardiac arrest (CA).
The Association of Cortisol with Prevalent and Incident Type 2 Diabetes in Older Community-Dwelling Adults

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Context: Previous studies report cross-sectional associations between circulating cortisol levels and type 2 diabetes in older adults; none assessed the association prospectively. Objective: This study’s objective was to examine the association of serum cortisol with prevalent and incident diabetes in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Between 1984-87, 885 men and 729 women aged 50 or older had serum fasting morning cortisol measured and an oral glucose tolerance test administered at a baseline research clinic visit and were followed for up to 25 years. Logistic and cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess cortisol associations with prevalent and incident diabetes. Results: Median age of participants was 75 years, median body mass index was 25kg/m2, and median cortisol was 91mg/ml. At baseline, 249 participants had prevalent diabetes; 118 developed diabetes during follow-up. In unadjusted analyses, the odds of prevalent diabetes for the highest cortisol quartile compared to the lowest was 1.95 (95% CI: 1.32, 2.87) and remained significant after adjusting for age, sex and diabetes risk factors (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.21, 2.83); associations were not significant for the second and third quartiles. Serum cortisol was not associated with incident diabetes before or after adjusting for covariates (fully-adjusted HR for highest versus lowest quartile=1.02, 95% CI: 0.58, 1.78). Conclusions: Results suggest that in older adults, elevated cortisol levels may be a result of diabetes and its complications, rather than a cause. Further studies using cohorts with repeated cortisol measures are needed to confirm the direction of the hypercortisolemia-diabetes link.
Research on Distributed Energy Supply System Based on Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The fuel cell-based distributed energy supply system has low pollution emission, low noise, and modular advantages. This paper aims at a 100 kW-class MCFC cogeneration system using natural gas as fuel. The MCFC unit model was developed based on the lumped parameter method. A parallel system and a series system model were built. The effect of single cell voltage and fuel cell stack arrangement on system efficiency, operating temperature, catalytic burner operating parameters, etc. are analyzed. As a result, the series system in which two fuel cell stacks arranged in series can improve the stack efficiency and the system power generation efficiency. Compared to a parallel system in which two fuel cell stacks arranged in parallel, the stack efficiency and the system power generation efficiency of the series system are 6 to 8 percentage points higher than that of the parallel system. For the series system, the air needed to be graded to maintain the operating temperature of the second-stage stack, the air ratio was about 2.75; the power ratio of the two stacks was about 8.0. Compared with the catalytic burner in the parallel system, the inlet burner temperature in the series system increased by about 50 °C, and the inlet hydrogen mole fraction in the series system was reduced by 1 percentage point. The heat balance design of the catalytic burner in the series system was required.
The Ideology of Empire in National Geographic Magazine's Coverage of the Philippines, 1898–1908

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Between 1898 and 1908 the National Geographic Magazine reported copiously on the territorial acquisition and U.S. colonial administration of the Philippines after the Spanish‐American War. The pages of the magazine provide an intriguing window on connections between the emergence of geography as an organized profession and the expanding sphere of U.S. control of overseas territories. The overall picture reveals a shift from bold calls for direct economic exploitation of the natural resources and labor power of the Philippine Islands to more platitudinous justifications for U.S. control, based on moral responsibility and the ostensibly objective imperatives of “scientific” development.
ANTICROSSING RESONANCES IN THE FIR LMR SPECTRUM OF $FO_{2}$: A CLASSIC EXAMPLE

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

$^{1}$ M. Bogey, P. B. Davics, C. Demuynck, J. L. Destombes and T. J. Sears, Molec. Phys. 67 1033 (1989). Work at Brookhaven National Laboratory was carried out under contract DE-ACO2-76CH00016 with the U.S. Department of Energy and supported by its Division of Chemical Sciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences.
Application effect of rhizobacteria Bacillus strain on plant growth and pest insects in shallot plantation (Allium ascalonicum L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Rhizobacteria can enhance plant growth, yield, and resistance to pests. This study aimed to determine the effect of rhizobacteria Bacillus strain application on shallot plant growth and its effect on insect pests in the field. The research, conducted from September 2022 to January 2023, took place at the Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas, and on the farm in Nagari Sungai Nanam, District of Lembah Gumanti, Solok Regency, West Sumatra. The research utilized a randomized group design with 12 treatments and three replicates. The treatments comprised ten rhizobacteria Bacillus strains, insecticide treatment (Siantraniliprol 20 g/L), and control (without Bacillus spp. and insecticide treatment). The results showed that shallot treated with Bacillus strain can increase plant growth. B. subtilis strain MRPLE3.1 enhanced plant height, B. welhenstephaenensis strain MRRDE3.4 increased leaf count, and B. cereus strain MRSNE5.1 effectively suppressed pest insect populations. Moreover, B. mycoides strain MRRZLL2.2 demonstrated the highest shallot production, particularly in dry weight. Overall, this research shows the promising potential of the rhizobacteria Bacillus spp. in increasing shallot yields and pest management. This research also offers a natural and sustainable approach to improving agricultural practices, especially shallot cultivation.
Pathologic Features of Colorectal Inflammatory Polyps in Miniature Dachshunds

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The histopathologic characteristics of colorectal inflammatory polyps that formed in Miniature Dachshunds were compared with those of other colorectal proliferative lesions, including adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Fifty-three colorectal polypoid lesions were histopathologically classified into inflammatory polyps (26 cases), adenoma (18 cases), and adenocarcinoma (9 cases). All 26 dogs that were diagnosed with inflammatory polyps were Miniature Dachshunds, indicating that colorectal inflammatory polyps exhibit a marked predilection for this breed. The inflammatory polyps had complex histopathologic features and were classified into 3 stages based on their epithelial composition. In early stage (stage 1), the polyps tended to exhibit a thickened mucosa containing hyperplastic goblet cells, dilated crypts filled with a large amount of mucus, and mild lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration. In later stages (stages 2 and 3), more severe neutrophil infiltration, interstitial mucus accumulation, granulation tissue, and occasional osteoid tissue were seen. Also, a few small foci of dysplastic epithelial cells were detected. The hyperplastic goblet cells, which were a major component of the epithelium of the inflammatory polyps, were positive for cytokeratin 20 (CK20), while the dysplastic epithelial cells found in inflammatory polyps (stage 3) and the tumor cells of the adenomas and adenocarcinomas were negative for CK20. These CK20-negative epithelial cells exhibited cytoplasmic and nuclear immunoreactivity for beta-catenin. In addition, the epithelial cells in the inflammatory polyps demonstrated significantly higher cyclooxygenase 2 and fibroblast growth factor 2 expression than did those of the adenomas and adenocarcinomas, suggesting that the arachidonate cascade is involved in the development of colorectal inflammatory polyps in miniature dachshunds.
P11.15: Difficulties in interpreting scan of the placenta coexisting with abruption symptoms—case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To show the difficulties in interpreting scan of the placenta coexisting with the abruption symptoms. A 26- year- old primigravida was admitted to the hospital at 31 weeks of gestation due to bleeding from the vagina and the pain located in lower abdomen. Just at the beginning the ultrasound scan was performed. The hypoechoic region beneath the placenta was seen. All symptoms and the sonogram suggested the abruption of the placenta. However, the condition of the mother and the fetus were stable so we performed conservative treatment. We started to take into account other explanations of the picture we had seen, taking into consideration that no further symptoms of the abruption occured. Finally we concluded that the hypoechoic region beneath the placenta are veins in decidua basalis and myometrium. The healthy baby was born at 38 weeks of gestation. It could be difficult to make a proper and fast interpretation of the describing above picture of the placenta coexisting with abruption symptoms. We would like to suggest some hints to make it easier and of course less stressful for the obstetrician.
Supplementary Material for: Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Evaluation of the Extent of Myocardial Injury in Patients with Inferior ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Concomitant ST Depression in Leads V1–V3: Analysis from the MITOCARE Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of our study was to examine the pathophysiology of ST depression (STD) in leads V1–V3 in the setting of inferior ST elevation myocardial infarction (iSTEMI) through the perspective of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Methods: Differences in myocardial area at risk (MaR), infarct size, ejection fraction and myocardial segment involvement by CMR were compared in MITOCARE trial patients with first iSTEMI with ST elevation (STE), STD or no ST changes (NST) in V1–V3. The frontal plane projection of the inferior wall MaR in relationship to the anterior/posterior chest wall was calculated and compared between groups. Results: Fifty-six patients were included. Patients with STD (n = 38) and STE (n = 5) in V1–V3 had significantly larger mean MaR compared to NST (n = 13; 32 ± 7%LV, 36 ± 10%LV and 26 ± 6%LV, respectively; p = 0.01). STD in leads V1–V3 was associated with more apical inferior and mid inferoseptal involvement and had a larger mean frontal plane projection of MaR compared with NST (24 ± 6%LV vs. 20 ± 6%LV, p = 0.04). Conclusion: STD in V1–V3 in iSTEMI is associated with larger MaR, more extension into the inferoseptal segments and likely results from greater frontal plane projection of the MaR, leading to reciprocal changes on the electrocardiogram.
ODP077 Adipopenia is associated with low bone mass in community-dwelling non-underweight adults, independent of sarcopenia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The interaction between fat, muscle, and bone mass is complex. Although sarcopenia and underweight are well-established risk factors for osteoporosis, the association between low body fat percent (adipopenia) and low bone mass in non-underweight adults remains unclear. In Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset 2008-2011, we analyzed individuals aged 50 or older with body mass index (BMI)≥18.5 kg/m 2 . Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) and body fat percent were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Sarcopenia was defined as ASMM/height 2 &lt;7. 0 kg/m 2 and &lt;5.4 kg/m 2 in men and women, respectively. Subjects were grouped into adipopenia (&lt;17% in men and &lt;30% in women; 1 standard deviation below the mean of the study population with round down to integer value), normal, or obesity (&gt;30% in men and &gt;40% in women) according to body fat percent. Osteoporosis was defined as T-score≤ -2.5 at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, or total hip. Among 5830 subjects (women 50.2%, mean age 63.9±8.5 years), 793 subjects had adipopenia (13.6%). The adipopenia group had a higher prevalence of osteoporosis (31%) compared to normal (21%) or obesity groups (27%; p&lt;0. 001). Body fat percent showed a positive association with bone mineral density at all sites after adjustment for age, sex, height, and lean mass. In the multivariable logistic model, the presence of adipopenia was associated with 61% elevated odds of osteoporosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.61, p&lt;0. 001), independent of sarcopenia (aOR 1.71, p&lt;0. 001), age, sex, height, and covariates, which remained robust in sensitivity analysis with sex-specific lowest 20% quantile thresholds (roughly &lt;18.4% in men; &lt;31.5% in women). In conclusion, adipopenia was associated with osteoporosis independent of sarcopenia in non-underweight adults, which merits further investigation. Presentation: No date and time listed
Attitudes of Nurse Students Toward Their Discipline and Future Career in Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The increasing growth of graduates of medical sciences as a major concern in the society leads to students' anxiety and disappointment about their discipline and future career.This study was performed with the aim of determining Nurse students' attitude toward their discipline and future career carried out in Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences in 2017. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in October, 2017. The study population consisted of nurse students of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. The sample size was counted 250. The data collection tool was a 20-question questionnaire from the University of Minnesota, USA. Data was analyzed by SPSS24 software using one-sample T-test, one-way ANOVA and descriptive statistics. Results: Mean and standard deviation of students' attitude toward their Discipline and future career were 12.64 ± 2.74 and 17.84 ± 2.63 respectively, the attained mean score is lower than expected. the study showed that there were significant differences between gender and attitude of discipline.(P=.03). Conclusion: Planning by the Ministry of Health to remove existing barriers seems essential, Cultural infrastructure is effective in Tendency men to nursin Citation: Marzban A, Marzban H. Attitudes of Nurse Students Toward Their Discipline and Future Career in Hormozgan University of Medical. Journal of Development Strategies in Medical Education 2018; 5(2): 14-24.
Anaesthetic management in paediatric craniofacial surgery. A review of 126 cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary The case notes of 126 of the 134 children undergoing craniofacial operations in the Hospitals for Sick Children, in the years 1986 to 1990 inclusive, were studied. The ages ranged between one month and 12 years, with 50% of cases being in the first year of life. Anaesthesia was conducted in accordance with standard neurosurgical techniques. Induced hypotension was not employed. The major problems encountered were haemorrhage (20% required transfusion in excess of the estimated blood volume) and bradycardia associated with orbital manipulation (12%). Four patients had major intraoperative complications requiring resuscitation. Thirty‐seven children required postoperative pulmonary ventilation, but the incidence decreased markedly during the series (64% in 1986 to 6.5% in 1989). There were no deaths or cases of permanent neurological impairment.
Measurements Of Radar Backscatter From An Artificial Tree An Indication Of Azimuthal Variations And Polarisation Sensitivity Of Trees

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Measurements of radar backscatter from an artificial tree were made in the laboratory at 6 and 10 GHz at horizontal incidence. The system had a resolution cylinder 18 cm in diameter and 11 cm long, so about half of the tree (30.5 cm high) was within the beam. The mean returned power from the target with leaves was always higher than that from the target without leaves, as expected. The signal faded with an exponential distribution when the artificial tree was rotated about its trunk, with no angular trend apparent. When the leaves were present, tilted polarizations gave results favoring an angle corresponding with that of the branches. When leaves were absent, the trunk of the tree dominated the radar backscatter at all polarizations.