jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Detrminants Of Profitablity Of Private Commercial Banks In Ethiopia

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The general objective of the study was to examine the Determinants of private Commercial Banks
Profitability in Ethiopia by using balanced panel data of eleven private commercial banks for the
time series segments of (2009-2020). The study identified thirteen explanatory variables from both
internal (bank specific) and external (macroeconomic) attributes. Return of asset (ROA) and
return of equity was used as a measure of profitability. According to Hausman specification test
of fixed effect model and random effect model was preferred and applied to examine the effect of
bank size, capital adequacy, deposit growth, liquidity risk, operating efficiency, income
diversification, branch expansion and bank age, real GDP, inflation rate, lending rate, foreign
exchange rate & unemployment on profitability (ROA) and (ROE).
The main finding of the study shows that determinant factors such as bank size, capital adequacy,
deposit growth, income diversification and branch expansion were statistically significant and
positive relationship with profitability of private commercial banks. In contrast, Liquidity risk,
operational efficiency, bank ages and foreign exchange rate were statistically significant and
negative relationship with profitability. However, no evidence is found about the significant
relation between real GDP growth rate, unemployment rate, inflation rate and lending rate with
profitability of private commercial bank.
Spontaneous fractures and hypocuprosis in pen-backgrounded Holstein calves

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Bone fractures are a frequent cause of limp in cattle, being pre-existing bone lesions among the predisposing factors. However, there is scant information about the natural occurrence of bone disease. This report aimed to describe an outbreak of spontaneous fractures associated with hypocuprosis in pen-backgrounded calves. Hind limp and irreversible recumbency were noticed in 9-month-old calves of a dairy farm from Córdoba province (Argentina). The issue was only evident in males fed a diet composed (DM) of 57% wet corn, 24% dry corn distiller grains, and 19% corn silage. No mineral mix was supplied. Accumulated morbidity and fatality rates were 5.8 and 100%, respectively. Two autopsies were performed, observing multiple femoral and rib fractures. Severe hypocupremia, very low copper levels in the liver and plasma, deficient dietary copper levels, normocalcemia, marginal hypophosphatemia, and high sulfate concentrations in the water supply were determined. Except for the decreased bone quantity and the multiple fractures, no bone lesion was observed, confirming osteoporosis as the pathological diagnosis, and hypocuprosis as the etiology.
Diffusion of changes in organizations

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to address the advisability of innovation diffusion theory for enhancing the adoption/execution success rate in leading organizational change. Design/methodology/approach – The study design involved an interpretive discussion of innovation diffusion theory and related research, followed by a review of influential models of organizational change management (CM). Through analysis and synthesis of the essential ideas and processes derived from both schools, this study conceptualized an integrated change diffusion model with practical and research implications. Findings – The study findings were presented via an organizational change diffusion model and its phases with major considerations. Leading change should be a systematic but responsive process as visualized by a sequential but recursive flow of the phases; change could sustain with the spontaneous function of organizational dynamics; before-during-after diagnosis and evaluation would be fundamental to the success of change efforts. Research limitations/implications – This study recommended that future research empirically test the validity of this study’s conceptual arguments and attempt to further integrate innovation diffusion and CM research in many areas, including the change leader’s competencies. Extended research opportunities were presented as well. Practical implications – This study suggested that change leaders concentrate resources on a few positively or negatively influential individuals and take advantage of communication networks to persuade and inform others to help with their change adoption. Change leaders were also advised to partner with formal/informal opinion leaders and facilitate each player’s proper role in the change diffusion efforts. An additional suggestion was that system-centric thinking should precede the individual-blame orientation in the root cause analysis of adoption/non-adoption (diffusion/non-diffusion) of a change. Originality/value – This study offers value by enriching CM approaches in consultation with the research asset on innovation diffusion, which has been less capitalized upon in the organizational CM arena. Specifically, value added includes an encompassing consideration of both normative-reeducative and empirical-rational perspectives on individuals’ behavior change, a research-based conceptual extension of CM models, and consummative strategies for effective and efficient change interventions.
Examining stereotypy in naturalistic contexts: Differential reinforcement and context‐specific redirection

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study examined stereotypy in naturalistic classroom contexts (i.e., academic programming, leisure skill acquisition) with differential reinforcement of contextually appropriate behavior (DRA). When stereotypy was problematic, redirection to the ongoing activity was provided. Contextually appropriate behavior and stereotypy were measured across all contexts prior to redirecting stereotypy to contextually appropriate behavior. Low levels of stereotypy were observed during the DRA in at least 2 contexts for all 5 participants. Context‐specific redirection was added to the DRA if stereotypy persisted, and decreased stereotypy in 9 of the 10 evaluations. The results suggest that stereotypy might not be problematic in all contexts when DRA is present and redirection to contextually relevant appropriate behavior is an effective strategy.
Anchoring on Self and Others During Social Inferences

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract When making inferences about similar others, people anchor and adjust away from themselves (Tamir & Mitchell, 2013). However, research on relational self theory (Andersen & Chen, 2002) suggests the possibility of using knowledge about others as an anchor when they are more similar to a target. We investigated whether social inferences are made on the basis of significant other knowledge through an anchoring and adjustment process, and whether anchoring on a significant other is more effortful than anchoring on the self. Participants answered questions about their likes and habits, as well as the likes and habits of a significant other, a target similar to their significant other, and a yoked control. We found that prediction differences between the significant other and similar target led to longer response times, and we found the opposite effect for self and target differences, suggesting anchoring and adjustment from the significant other rather than the self. These effects were moderated by the source‐relative salience of the dimension being evaluated. The evidence was mixed with respect to the question of whether anchoring on a significant other is more effortful than anchoring on the self.
KANT ON PHILOSOPHICAL EDUCATION IN THE AGE OF CRITIQUE

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In Announcement of the Programme of his Lectures for the Winter Semester 1765‒1766, Immanuel Kant outlined his views of how philosophical education ought to be conducted. According to him, the method of instruction in philosophy should be zetetic, which means that students should first learn to philosophize rather than (as they typically expect) to learn philosophy, that is, that learning how to think for oneself ought to be preferred over learning particular philosophical systems. Kant argued for this view by claiming that philosophy at his time was not yet a complete discipline, and accordingly, that there was no philosophical book which might be said to contain definite solutions to the main philosophical problems.Given that the claims above had been stated in 1765, and that later on (in the 1780s and 1790s in particular) Kant thought that he had practically solved (or resolved) all the important philosophical questions, it is interesting to see whether his views of philosophical education remained the same, even more so because at that time he still claimed (for example, in Critique of Pure Reason and according to some transcriptions of his lectures) that his age was the age of critique and therefore it had to be seen what will come of it. I argue in this paper that there are good reasons to believe that Kant's aforementioned claims are compatible and that the continuity of his thoughts on these things can be preserved.
Research on the Application of Mediation Model Based on Deep Learning in Dispute Resolution

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This study explores the application and practical effects of a mediation model based on deep learning in dispute resolution. Traditional dispute resolution methods are limited by human resources and time costs, whereas deep learning technology provides new possibilities for dispute resolution with its ability to automatically extract data features and perform efficient learning and prediction. This study constructs an Attention-based LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) model to achieve automated analysis and processing of dispute cases, aiming to improve the efficiency and accuracy of dispute mediation. Experiments show that the constructed Attention-based LSTM model can achieve 92.5% accuracy in the verification set when dealing with the dispute mediation task, and has high performance in the evaluation indexes such as recall, precision and F1 value. The model can not only accurately classify dispute cases as mediation success or mediation failure, but also capture key events and emotional tendencies in the text, providing valuable reference for the mediation process. In addition, the influence of different parameter settings on the performance of Attention-based LSTM is also discussed, and the advantages of Attention-based LSTM in dealing with long texts and complex semantic relationships are further verified through comparative experiments with other text classification models. The introduction of attention mechanism enables the model to focus on the key information in the text, thus improving the understanding ability of complex and long-length texts. This is particularly important when dealing with social conflicts and disputes, because these events often involve a lot of background information and detailed descriptions. The main contribution of our research is to develop a novel mediation model based on deep learning, which significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of dispute classification. By automating the classification process, we aim to reduce the workload of mediators and reduce the possibility of human error in event classification.The mediation model based on deep learning shows great potential and application prospect in dispute settlement. This study not only provides a new automatic and intelligent means for dispute mediation, but also opens up a new direction for the application of deep learning in the legal field.
Soft isostasy in geomorphology

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Earth subsidence has been one of the important issues jeopardizing environment and there are many studies, which blame shortage of underground water resources for having uplift and subsidence.However, many argue such conclusion and believe that earth subsidence has been studied in the past without considering the changes in the hill over a long period.In this study, we use SAR interferometry study to investigate earth subsidence in dessert areas of Esfahan, Yazd and Ardakan, located in central part of Iran.The results indicate that there are more important issues affecting subsidence such as the uplift in the hills located the desert area.The results of the survey based on SAR interferometry reveals that subsidence occurs with the uplift in the adjacent hills, simultaneously called Soft isostasy in geomorphology.In other words, the subsidence is more associated with the movement of the surface of the desert to reach equilibrium than shortage of underground water resources.There is an equilibrium line between the uplift and subsidence where is changes of the surface tends to zero.
Play It Again, Sam – Bringing Men Back In

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of human agency in large scale organizational change. In doing so, I open the black-box of agency. Organizational change research is pre-dominated by a structure perspective and this paper answers the recent calls for an increased focus on agency. More specifically it investigates where human agency resides, who the actors are and how they exercise agency during organizational change. These questions are explored by following the telecom company Ericsson’s global transformation of its F&amp;A unit (Finance and Accounting) from a decentralised structure into a so-called shared-service-center structure. The data collection consists of in-depth interviews and observations. An extensive amount of archival records were gathered from the respondents and observations were conducted. The analysis process was inspired by a grounded theory approach were both induction and deduction was employed iteratively until the point of saturation. The findings exhibit the importance of situated knowledge, cognitive and emotional elements of receptivity and moderating factors such as tools for global organizational change. The case-study also underlines the significance of applying both top-down and bottom-up approaches regarding organizational change. The paper concludes by illustrating how the result invites for a more complex understanding of agency in large-scale global organizational change.
[Effects of acute lymphoblastic leukemia children bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on drug resistance of K562/A02 cell line].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of study was to investigate the effect of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) children bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on resistance of K562/A02 cells and its mechanism. MSC obtained from bone marrow of AL children were cultured and identified. The co-culture of MSC and K562/A02 and the culture of K562/A02 cell suspension alone was performed, of which 2 kinds of cells were treated with same concentration of adriamycin (ADM), and the rate of apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, bcl-2 and bax of K562/A02 were detected by RT-PCR, while mdr1 gene level was detected by FQ-PCR. The results indicated that the MSC separation and proliferation were viable and steady. The apoptosis rate of the K562/A02 cells co-cultured with MSC was 1.97 ± 0.11%, while apoptosis rate of the K562/A02 cells cultured alone was 8.38 ± 0.29%, there was significant difference (p < 0.05). As compared with the K562/A02 cells cultured alone, the bcl-2 gene expression in K562/A02 cells co-cultured with MSC obviously increased; ratio of bcl-2/bax was obviously enhanced. The mdr1 gene level in K562/A02 co-cultured with MSC was no statistical different from K562/A02 cultured alone (p > 0.05), which suggested that adhesion co-cultured with MSC did not induce mdr1 expression higher than the culture of suspension. It is concluded that the MSC of ALL children can escape the leukemia cells from proapoptotic effect of drugs, the resistance of K562/A02 to ADM may be involved in enhancement of bcl-2 gene expression of K562/A02 cells co-cultured with MSC, but not in relation to mdr1 gene in K562/A02 cells themselves.
Predicting Water Sorption and Volume Swelling in Dense Polymer Systems via Computer Simulation

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Atomistic model structures of amorphous polyamide 6 (PA-6) and of an adhesive system consisting of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) as epoxy resin and isophorone diamine (IPD) as a curing agent are generated. For the adhesive, we use a new approach for the generation of the cross-linked polymer networks. It takes into account the chemical reaction kinetics of the curing reaction and, therefore, results in more realistic network structures. On the basis of the corresponding model structures, the equilibrium water content and the swelling ratio of amorphous PA-6 and of the DGEBA+IPD networks are calculated via computer simulation for different thermodynamic conditions. A hybrid method is used combining the molecular dynamics technique with an accelerated test particle insertion method. The results are in reasonable agreement with experiments and, in the case of the PA-6 system, with results obtained via other computer simulation methods.
PointSCNet: Point Cloud Structure and Correlation Learning Based on Space-Filling Curve-Guided Sampling

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Geometrical structures and the internal local region relationship, such as symmetry, regular array, junction, etc., are essential for understanding a 3D shape. This paper proposes a point cloud feature extraction network named PointSCNet, to capture the geometrical structure information and local region correlation information of a point cloud. The PointSCNet consists of three main modules: the space-filling curve-guided sampling module, the information fusion module, and the channel-spatial attention module. The space-filling curve-guided sampling module uses Z-order curve coding to sample points that contain geometrical correlation. The information fusion module uses a correlation tensor and a set of skip connections to fuse the structure and correlation information. The channel-spatial attention module enhances the representation of key points and crucial feature channels to refine the network. The proposed PointSCNet is evaluated on shape classification and part segmentation tasks. The experimental results demonstrate that the PointSCNet outperforms or is on par with state-of-the-art methods by learning the structure and correlation of point clouds effectively.
Shift … centre: cross-cultural spaces for dance training and choreographic enquiry

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Contemporary dance in East Africa, specifically Kenya, is a newly emerging art form informed by the political drive of a small number of choreographers. In this article, I discuss Kenyan choreographer Opiyo Okach’s contribution to dance training as exemplified through the Shift … centre Series 10 which was performed at The Place, London, October, 2009. The research for this writing draws on observations of dance rehearsals, workshops and performances and interviews conducted during a number of visits to Nairobi, Dar es Salaam and Kampala from 2007 to 2010. Shift … centre combines improvisation, responses to site-specific locations, collaborations between artists, and offers an opportunity for dance training for the performers. Okach’s choreography is informed by his desire to de-centre the performing space and to challenge mainstream dance practice. This case study offers an example of a choreographer who creates both in his homeland and Europe and has been instrumental in the development of contemporary dance in Kenya and internationally.
Does pedestrian safety video education influence children's pedestrian route selection: results from a randomised controlled trial

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background Pedestrian injuries are a leading cause of paediatric injury. One aspect of pedestrian safety is selection of safe routes across roads. Children often select routes based on expedience but not safety. Aims Test efficacy of video-based training on safe pedestrian route selection for children ages 7–8. Methods As part of a larger study, 240 children were randomly assigned to one of four groups: video training, virtual reality (VR) training, streetside training, control. Videos included instructions on selecting safe crossing routes; other groups received training in different aspects of pedestrian safety (VR, streetside) or no training (control). All training groups received six 30-minute sessions. A story task evaluated route selection skills before and after interventions. Children heard four brief vignettes accompanied by graphic representations of streetside locations, then selected preferred crossing routes from three options: distant crosswalk (safest), directly across street without crosswalk (less safe), diagonally across intersection (riskiest). Results Among children trained by video, the percentage selecting the safest route in all scenarios increased 56% post-training. For VR, streetside training and control groups, comparable increases were 9%, 19%, −33%. One-way ANCOVA (IV: condition; DV: post-training score; covariates: age, pre-training scores) yielded significant results, F (3211)=3.46, p<0.05. Post-hocs confirmed video group (M=1.85) scored safer post-training than VR (M=2.13, p<0.01) or controls (M=2.06, p<0.05), plus trend with streetside training (M=2.01, p=0.09). Significance Video education apparently teaches children safer pedestrian route selection than control groups. It is inexpensive and easy-to-implement, and warrants broad dissemination.
Optimal Design for Elastic Bodies in Contact.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Two classes of design problems are investigated for frictionless contact between two elastic bodies. The first class involves the design of shape proportions of one body to achieve maximum stiffness. The second class is to predict the initial gap between the bodies such that the maximum contact stress is minimized. A form of contact problem statement particularly well suited to formulation of the design problems is obtained by appending the nonpenetration constraint to the energy functional. Based on the functional obtained in this way the design problems are expressed in isoperimetric form. Necessary and sufficient conditions are presented for both design problems. Numerical examples of both problems are displayed.