jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Intrafamilial Homicide of People with Developmental Disabilities.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

An increase in interest in crimes against people with developmental disabilities (PWDD) has been observed in the past decade. However, little attention has been given to intrafamilial homicides of PWDD. This paper provides a preliminary description of these types of homicides as they affect PWDD. Content analysis of media accounts of intrafamilial homicides of PWDD describes the characteristics of those involved and the circumstances of the homicides. This study examined a subset of data of 1967 homicides of PWDD and found 308 cases of intrafamilial homicide representing the deaths of 314 PWDD. These homicides represented 15.96% of overall homicides of PWDD obtained in the original study. A similar number of homicides of male and female victims were reported. Compared to other family members, biological parents were most frequently implicated in the deaths of PWDD, with biological mothers, acting alone, implicated most often. Biological mothers were most frequently implicated in the deaths of daughters, while biological fathers were most frequently implicated in the deaths of sons. The majority of PWDD who were killed were four years of age or younger. Beating, shooting, neglect, asphyxia, burns, and poisoning were the most common causes of death. Discussion focuses on media representation of homicides, intrafamilial homicide, and prevention.
THE CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL SECURITY ANALYTICS: «ORDINARY» APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF PUBLIC EXPERT CONTENT

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to the basics of public perception of the political security of the state in the conditions of a full-scale invasion of modern Russia into Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to establish the specifics of the analysis of communication threats to modern political security in the public sphere. The significance of “ordinary” or “everyday” approaches to political-security analysis and production of political-security content is characterized. It was emphasized that the “retrospective approach” or “method of historical analogies” in the situational dimension involves comparing the security message or the security crisis situation as a whole with certain historical events of the past. The behavior of the subjects (actors) of the retrospective analysis, who risk drawing the wrong conclusion and incorrectly reflecting the real world, is analyzed. The principles of commenting on the political and security situation based on taking into account a relatively narrow range of facts and circumstances are revealed. The factors of preparation for various outcomes of the development of events and increased preparedness for unexpected situations have been clarified. The guidelines for fostering a culture of “experimentation” and continuous improvement, which is especially important in the context of expert protection of business processes from potential political threats, are revealed. Security analytics ecosystems and the integration of open data observations have been proven to improve the effectiveness of security analysis. Networked horizontal communication and data sharing “ecosystems” between related non-governmental expert-analytical structures have been found to focus on understanding and using social and organizational networks to identify potential threats and opportunities for cooperation. It is substantiated that in the production of secure analytical content it is important to apply the principles of flexible project management. It was established that the possibilities of increasing the effectiveness of retrospective analytics appear on the basis of the selection of historical analogies according to the parameters of the functional conditions. It was found that analysts try to assess security events from the side of a “distant observer” based on a “backward” approach. It was concluded that an important means of discrediting informational “throws” of the enemy is an asymmetric communication action (action) based on the formation of the agenda.
Children and School Meals: The New Party to Negotiations for Sustainability

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

School meals, served free for young people at primary and secondary education in Finland and Sweden, imply the welfare state’s effort at being responsible for the wellbeing of young people. This aim is very concretely expressed by the provision of statutory school meals which satisfy about one third of daily nutritional needs, offer a broad food cultural selection of meals with different ingredients and are meant to introduce children to table manners (Finnish National Board of Education, 2008; Lintukangas et al., 2008; Valtion ravitsemusneuvottelukunta, 2008). This ‘proper meal’ (Murcott, 1982) additionally reflects strongly the scientific view on nutrition (Valtion ravitsemusneuvottelukunta, 2008), and thereby connects with European historical challenges to enhance the poor nutrition status of children from families of limited means (Ahonen, 2003; Morgan and Sonnino, 2008; Spigarolo et al., 2010). The welfare state thus enters the sphere of responsibility of the family for their children (Rothstein, 1996), as it eases parental care by removing the cost and effort of meal provision from the family to the public actor. This school meal system thus not only aims to offer collateral support for learning but to promote healthy eating as a condition for public health. Currently, the focus of school catering aims to expand from the individual health to environmental health and even wider to sustainability (Morgan and Sonnino, 2008). This view has been evident in public caterers’ efforts across Finland (Mikkola, 2009a) as well as in individual rectors’ work for joining programs such as the Green Flag, entailing occasionally the provision of organic food as a proxy to sustainability (Mikkola, 2009b). These interests also draw on Union and national level policy support (ICLEI, 2008; Ministry of Environment, 2009) whereby the school meal becomes “a prism” of sustainability interests (Morgan and Sonnino, 2008), promoted by public actors (Mikkola, 2009; Morgan and Sonnino, 2008; Spigarolo et al., 2010). It is highly relevant to explore the impacts of these policies on children through activities such as public catering; ‘does it deliver’ the expected benefits in terms of increasing sustainability orientations by the children? This paper probes into children’s responses to school meals, with emphasis on the potential to learn healthy and sustainable eating practices.
Analysis of Fluoroquinolone Drug Adverse Reaction and Reasonable Application

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ObjectiveTo investigate the analysis the adverse reactions and reasonable application of fluoroquinolone drugs.MethodsRetrospective analysis 105 cases of fluoroquinolone drugs adverse reaction reports from February 2004 to August 2011,Statistical analysis the incidence of adverse reactions,the clinical manifestations of patients with adverse reactions,drug type,route of administration analysis.Results105 cases of adverse reactions occurred involving five kinds of fluoroquinolone drugs,The incidencesof levofloxacin and gatifloxacin were significantly higher than other types(P0.05);adverse events,more performance inrthe nervous system,the incidence was significantly higher than other types(P0.05).The adverse reactions caused by the intravenous route of administration was significantly higher than the oral route of administration(P0.05).ConclusionFluoroquinolone drugs antibacterial activity is strong.To further improve the safety and effectiveness of the clinical use of drugs,we should pay full attention to its adverse reactions,and the rational use of fluoroquinolone drugs.
Peri-treatment peripheral blood cell score predicts long-term locoregional progression hazard in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma after definitive chemoradiotherapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Prediction of response to chemoradiotherapy is critical for the optimal management of oesophageal cancer, yet it is still an unmet clinical need. This study aims to evaluate the predictive potential of peri-treatment peripheral blood cells (PBC) in disease progression hazard in oesophageal cancer following chemoradiotherapy.Methods 87 patients with primary oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma were subjected to definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy in a phase II trial. PBC parameters (haemoglobin, neutrophils, platelets, lymphocytes and monocytes) were collected at 7 time points through the course of radiotherapy. The values of peri-treatment PBC parameters in predicting 3-year cumulative hazard of tumour progression were evaluated.Results Patients with disease progression displayed distinct distribution patterns of peri-treatment PBC compared to patients without. Greater prediction capabilities for risk of locoregional disease progression were found in PBC collected after the start of radiotherapy compared to their pretreatment counterparts, and in individual parameters rather than cell-to-cell ratios. The most predictive PBC parameters were integrated by summation and designated as a PBC score (PBCS), which further augmented their predictive power. Patients divided according to their PBCS (high vs medium vs low) had significantly different 3-year cumulative hazards of locoregional progression (58% vs 29% vs 7%, P = 0.0017). Multivariate analysis confirmed that PBCS high (HR 12.2, 95%CI 2.0-76.3, P = 0.007) and medium (HR 5.8, 95%CI 1.2-27.7, P = 0.028) are independent indicators of locoregional progression.Conclusion Peri-treatment PBCS can predict the long-term hazard of locoregional progression after definitive chemoradiotherapy in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Femoral Tunnel Widening after Quadrupled Hamstring Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose. To evaluate the extent of femoral tunnel widening after quadrupled hamstring anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using femoral cross pin fixation in contrast to bioabsorbable screw fixation augmented with Endopearl. Methods. 16 patients underwent cross pin femoral fixation and the next 15 underwent bioabsorbable screw fixation augmented with Endopearl. The patients were evaluated radiographically for femoral tunnel widening. Standard posteroanterior radiographs of the knee in full extension were taken at postoperative year 2 and 5. The tunnel width was measured at the opening, the widest and the most proximal parts of the femoral tunnel. Results. In the femoral cross pin and bioabsorbable screw fixations, the mean femoral tunnel sizes were 7.6 and 8.0 mm, respectively. The overall mean tunnel widening at all measured sites were 2.7 and 1.8 mm at the 2-year follow-up and were 2.5 and 1.8 mm at the 5-year follow-up, respectively. The femoral tunnel widening was greater in the cross pin than the bioabsorbable screw group, but only the difference in the most proximal part was significant (p=0.01 at year 2 and p<0.001 at year 5). Conclusion. Femoral tunnel widening was greater in femoral cross pin fixation, probably related to the windshield-wiper and bungee-cord effects. It usually occurred in the first 2 years after the operation and remained static thereafter.
Aegilops triuncialis L. subsp. triuncialis var. triuncialis, AE 1488

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

PGRFA accession of IPK Gatersleben Plant Genetic Resource Taxon: Aegilops triuncialis L. subsp. triuncialis var. triuncialis Accession number: AE 1488 Conserved by: DEU146 Acquisition: 2003-01-21 Origin country: Unknown Biological status: Natural MLS status: Unknown AEGIS status: Included Historic: No
Chatbot usage at fast food restaurants in Ghana: Exploring the perception-attitude-behaviour nexus

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

As hospitality businesses including fast food restaurants continue to rebound after COVID-19, immersive technologies (e.g., chatbots) have become essential tools for the industry’s survival. Chatbots allow for accurate orders to be made at restaurants as well as enhancing seamless business transactions. Grounded on the Technology Acceptance Model 1 (perception-attitude-behaviour), this paper aims to investigate the attitude and use behaviour of chatbots at fast food restaurants among hospitality students. Set in the context of an emerging economy (Ghana) where the adoption of immersive technologies is still infant, this study employs a quantitative approach to offer valuable insights into chatbot usage in resource-limited settings. Results were analysed with Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Results revealed that perceived experience, usefulness, and ease of use have positive effects on attitude. However, regarding the effect of the same predictors on use behaviour, only perceived experience was found to be significant. Attitude was also found to have had a significant positive effect on use behaviour. This study sheds insight into the literature by exploring the relationships within the technology acceptance model via perception-attitude-behaviour linkage. Unlike prior studies, that concentrates on users’ intentions of technology adoption, this study concentrates on the users’ actual use behaviour. Further, the study provides practical suggestions and further points out the need for hospitality businesses including restaurants, to adopt chatbot as self-ordering systems for customers.
Contemplating “Return”: Xie Lingyun’s “Hillside Garden”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Xie Lingyun was the first of China’s great nature poets. As the most celebrated poet in fifth-century China and a histrionic scion of the illustrious Xie clan of the Eastern Jin, he had cultural influence that extended beyond the literary into religion and philosophy. This article examines Xie’s poetic exploration of the concept of “return” – an important rhetorical trope throughout the history of Chinese literature. By close reading, annotating, and analyzing a selection of Xie’s poems, the article sheds light on the poet’s obsession with instability in the meaning of “return” and argues that beneath the compliant poetic surface lies a saliently dissenting voice. Xie’s distinctive imagery and ideation emerge from an intricate deployment of earlier texts, among which the Classic of Changes is of paramount importance.
Mitigating Membrane Fouling in Dairy Wastewater Treatment System: Assessing the Effects of Integrated 3DP Turbulence Promoter

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract

Dairy factories annually generate increasing amounts of wastewater, which can cause eutrophication due to high concentrations of amino acids and lipids. To address this issue, membrane technology has emerged as a promising solution, but membrane fouling remains a significant challenge, since it can couse decreased flux, lessen membrane rejection performance and increased energy demand. This study aimed to reduce membrane fouling by integrated a Three-Dimensional Printed (3DP) turbulence promoter into an ultrafiltration dead-end cell and varying stirring speeds. Two mathematical models, Hermia and Resistance-in-series, were used to analyze the fouling process. According to both models, the cake layer formation model indicated the most prevalent fouling mechanism. The specific energy demand, permeate flux, membrane rejection, and membrane reversible and irreversible resistances were measured, calculated and compared. The results suggest that the combination of integrated 3DP turbulence promoter and high stirring speeds can effectively reduce membrane fouling in a dairy wastewater treatment module.
Yaw characteristics of a 52 degree sweptback wing of NACA 64(sub 1)-112 section with a fuselage and with leading-edge and split flaps at Reynolds numbers from 1.93 x 10(exp 6) to 6.00 x 10(exp 6)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Report presenting low-speed testing in the pressure tunnel to determine the aerodynamic characteristics in yaw of a 52 degree sweptback wing with aspect ratio 2.88 and taper ratio 0.625 with NACA 64(sub 1)-112 airfoil sections. Testing included an investigation of the effects on the lateral stability of a fuselage and leading-edge and split flaps. Results regarding the lateral stability parameters of a plain wing, effect of flaps on the lateral stability parameters, effect of scale, and airflow characteristics in the region of a vertical tail are provided.
Massive Hemoptysis in a Case of Intralobar Pulmonary Sequestration Associated with Pulmonary Hypoplasia and Meandering Right Pulmonary Vein: Diagnosis and Management

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Copyright © 2012 Manoranjan Mohapatra et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Pulmonary sequestration is a congenital malformation characterized by focal area of dysplastic lung tissue that lacks normal communication with tracheobronchial tree and receives blood supply from systemic arteries. Surgical resection has been the conventional method of treatment of pulmonary sequestration. In recent years transarterial embolization of the anomalous systemic arteries has emerged as a suitable alternative to surgery. In this paper, we describe transarterial coil embolization for control of massive life-threatening hemoptysis in a rare case of intralobar sequestration in right lung associated with ipsilateral pulmonary hypoplasia and meandering right inferior pulmonary vein. A 3-year follow-up computed tomographic (CT) angiography revealed complete regression of the sequestration along with altered pulmonary arterial contour. To the best of our knowledge, transarterial coil embolization for control of massive life-threatening hemoptysis in such a complex pulmonary anomaly has not yet been reported. 1.
Negotiation of the 'stigmatized' lesbian identity

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Intensive interviews have been conducted with fourteen lesbians drawing on research on their respective lesbian self-identity and subsequently engaging in social identity through narration of their life experiences. These discourses are analysed by looking at the reasons behind why and how lesbian women engage with the lesbian communities in Singapore. Concepts derived from social identity theories, symbolic interactionism and the notion of ‘stigmatization’ will provide a theoretical sociological perspective with regards to the complexities of identity presentation and disclosure. Although research found that many stigmatized individuals actively seek to interact with other stigmatized individuals and perceived many similarities with others in the ‘in-group’, stigma and prejudice do occur within the lesbian communities. The findings will illustrate the process of negotiation of self-identity, development of social identity as well as the study of the existence of prejudice and stigmatization within the lesbian community in Singapore.
Dermatotoxicology and Sensitive Skin Syndrome

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Sensitive skin is classically a self-described condition, clinically diagnosed based on patient's history and symptoms. This chapter reviews toxicological methods to study the effect of environmental, physical, or chemical elements affecting skin in dermatoses that can share similar symptoms. In the absence of in vitro validated models, the predictive testing for skin sensitization potential currently has relied on animal testing. In vitro assays such as direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA) and the KeratinoSens have been validated for classifying a substance as a skin sensitizer. Buehler's occluded path test and Magnusson and Kligman's Guinea pig maximization test have been used for years; both tests measure sensitization as well as elicitation reactions. Local lymph node assay (LLNA) studies the induction phase of skin sensitization; skin sensitizers are identified by their ability to provoke proliferative responses in the mouse local lymph node. Photoallergy occurs when certain photoreactive allergens in the skin absorb light and create an inflammatory response.
Determination of cuticular and internal fatty acids of Chorthippus brunneus males and females using HPLC‐LLSD and GC–MS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Insects are of growing significance in veterinary medicine and human healthcare; therefore, an understanding of their biology is very important. The cuticular and internal fatty acid compositions of Chorthippus brunneus males and females have been studied for the first time. The lipids of males and females were separated into classes of compounds using high‐performance liquid chromatography with a laser light scattering detector. The free fatty acid (FFA) fractions obtained by HPLC were silylated and then analyzed by GC–MS. The cuticular lipids of males contained 15 saturated, four unsaturated with even‐numbered and two unsaturated with odd‐numbered carbon chains, FFAs ranging from C8 to C25. The major free fatty acids in males were C16 (20.8%), C18:2 (8.5%), C18:1 (32.9%) and C18 (24.4%). The cuticular lipids of females contained 17 saturated, four monounsaturated and two diunsaturated free fatty acids ranging from C8 to C30. The major cuticular fatty acids in females were C16 (25.1%), C18:2 (6.2%), C18:1 (23.7%) and C18:0 (33.2%). The internal FFAs of males consisted of 20 compounds ranging from C8 to C26. Four of these compounds were detected as major compounds: C16 (14.1%), C18:2 (21.6%), C18:1 (38.0%) and C18 (22.5%). Among 18 internal free fatty acids of females, C16 (22.3%), C18:2 (10.9%), C18:1 (40.2%) and C18 (20.5%) were the most abundant compounds. The following cuticular fatty acids present in the lipids of females were absent in the lipids of males: C26, C27 and C30. On the other hand, only C24 was absent from the cuticular lipids of females. Only C10 and C24 internal fatty acids present in the lipids of males were absent in the lipids of females. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dictyophyllum and Hausmannia from the Lower Cretaceous of Saurashtra, India

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Dictyophyllum indicum n. sp. and Hausmannia pachyderma Sukh-Dev, described here, were collected from clay pits near Than in Saurashtra. Both the species are based on sterile fronds. The overall shape of the sterile segments of D. indicum is more like the fertile segments of D. rugosum Lindley & Hutton.