jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Probiotic Starter Culture Variation on the Quality of Yogurt Based on Indonesian National Standard

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Yogurt is usually made by two lactic acid bacteria such as Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus. However, three to seven lactic acid bacteria are also used in several products. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of variations in the number of starter bacteria and compare to Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The experimental method was used with starter variations, including a combination of two (Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus); three (Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus); and seven bacteria (Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium longum, and Bifidobacterium infantis). The results showed that the yogurt with two and seven bacteria was within the range of SNI value standard. The pH, viscosity, syneresis, lactic acid content, total protein, and total number of bacteria for yogurt with two bacteria were 3.92, 453.76 cP, 88.05%, 1.27%, 3.26%, and 2.47 x 1012 Cfu/mL, respectively. The values for yogurt with seven bacteria were 4.11, 478.23 cP, 97,45%, 0,98%, 2.7%, and 1.53 x 1010, respectively, while formulas with three bacteria did not reach the pH standard. However, the atypical taste was given by the seven starter bacteria and the use of various bacteria starters affected the quality of yogurt. Specifically, formulas composed of two bacteria showed the best results according to SNI.
Retirement-from-sport considerations following pediatric sports-related concussion: case illustrations and institutional approach

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The decision to advise an athlete to retire from sports following sports-related concussion (SRC) remains a persistent challenge for physicians. In the absence of strong empirical evidence to support recommendations, clinical decision making must be individualized and should involve a multidisciplinary team of experts in concussion and traumatic brain injury. Although previous authors have advocated for a more conservative approach to these issues in child and adolescent athletes, there are few reports outlining considerations for this process among this unique population. Here, the authors use multiple case illustrations to discuss 3 subgroups of clinical considerations for sports retirement among pediatric SRC patients including the following: those with structural brain abnormalities identified on neuroimaging, those presenting with focal neurological deficits and abnormalities on physical examination, and those in whom the cumulative or prolonged effects of concussion are suspected or demonstrated. The authors' evolving multidisciplinary institutional approach to return-to-play and retirement decision making in pediatric SRC is also presented.
Anticancery Activity In Vitro Polysaccharides Fermented from Brown Algae

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cancer has become one of the world's leading causes of death, and the current treatment of cancer still cannot evade the side effects of chemotherapy drugs. In this study anticancer effect of fucoidan isolated from brown seaweeds polysaccharide was investigated. The obtained seaweeds polysaccharide is mainly prepared by fermenting, separating and purifying seaweeds by a mixed strain of yeast and Lactobacillus plantarum. Polysaccharides in algae can inhibit or kill tumor cells by enhancing the body's immune function and defense capability. Intake of polysaccharides can activate or activate macrophages, thus inducing them to produce tumor necrosis factor. Polysaccharides extracted from seaweed were formulated into different concentrations of drugs to treat 231 cells and HCT-116 cells to detect the effects of extracts on the two cancer cells. When no drug is added to the cell suspension, the cell grows well. The polysaccharides had no cytotoxicity on HCT-116 cells under 500 μg/mL and inhibited cell viability at concentration of 2000 μg/mL. As for 231 cells, the cell survival rate was 61.08% at 1000 μg/mL. The present research clearly indicated the cytotoxicity of seaweeds polysaccharide in HCT-116 cells and 231 cells through adding them. These results also suggested the seaweeds polysaccharide may be a powerful agent against cancer cells.
"The History of the Tuesday Club": A Mock-Jeremiad of the Colonial South

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

W~rT HETHER one agrees with David Bertelson that the colonial South nurtured an inferior breed of self-seeking fortune hunters who possessed little sense of community or with Richard Beale Davis that it nourished a distinguished breed of intelligent men who understood the importance of community as well as most Northerners, one inevitably winds up conceding that the geographic, economic, and social conditions in the South encouraged a hedonistic way of life.1 As Davis suggests, immigrating Europeans generally perceived the South not as the howling wilderness of Puritan country, but as an arcadian clime providing all the luxuries they could imagine. Once acclimated, the Southerner was usually. . . a hedonist, and Presbyterian as well as Anglican could welcome a frolic . .. and entertain a houseful. of strange guests with a gaiety rarely noted among the American Puritans. better breed of Southerners zestfully reveled in whatever luxuries colonial life offered, for a life of pleasure was considered objectionable or sinful only if it induced obviously harmful laziness or indolence.2 But even the better breed worried about the adverse effects of their luxurious lifestyle. From Capt. John Smith to William Byrd II, most prominent Southerners admonished their countrymen to forsake their luxurious, degenerate ways. These exhortations against the degenerate times reached their peak in the South before and after the Great Awakening. During much of that time, from I 745 to I 7 56, the members of the Tuesday Club of Annapolis regularly convened at one another's homes and continued to go about their merry way. And during the midI75os, Dr. Alexander Hamilton, the club's secretary and guiding genius, created The History of the Tuesday Club, a fictionalized account of the club's proceedings.3 Amid the
Characterization of a nucleolar residue fraction that specifically transcribes preribosomal RNA

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Treatment of isolated nucleoli with Sarkosyl (2%) dissociated 99.5% of the proteins. The residual DNA-protein complex contained the endogenous transcriptional activity which had a high fidelity of RNA synthesis. Electron microscopic analysis of this residue fraction showed the presence of 150-200A diameter protein globules present along the length of some of the DNA fibers. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of the proteins of the complex indicated that the subunits of purified RNA polymerase I were only a minor component of this complex. Associated with the complex were the U3 and 5S RNA.
How does scientific information reach the consumer? A case study among students into providing verbal information on dietary supplements at point of purchase

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Consumers of dietary supplements should be made aware of the benefits and risks of these products. This case study therefore aimed to identify the content of the risk-benefit information provided during the purchase of St. John’s wort supplements and how consumers perceive this information. Fifteen participants visited a shop to purchase St. John’s wort supplements after which they were interviewed on the provided information during the visit. This case study shows that the spontaneous information provision is not consistent in Dutch drugstores and health food shops. The provided information was either very detailed, or no information was given at all. The perceived reliability of information was mainly determined by the authority of the employee and the type of shop where the product was purchased. Information consistency at the moment of purchase is of influence in the perceived value of it.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Diels‐Alder Reactions of TMHD Acrylate Using TiCl4×( ArnHg)m Complexed Lewis Acids.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
God's Businessmen: Entrepreneurial Evangelicals in Depression and War

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

While historians have treated American evangelicals and business in other eras, God's Businessmen covers the largely untold story of evangelical entrepreneurs in the 1930s and during World War II. During those times these individuals funded and managed religious organizations and causes, believing that God had charged them with preserving Christian America. Spiritual opportunities and greater profits could prevail. Influential managers included the heavy-equipment manufacturer R. G. LeTourneau, the Club Aluminum Products Company executive Herbert J. Taylor, the realtor turned preacher J. Elwin Wright, the Sun Oil Company president J. Howard Pew, and the shoe store owner C. B. Hedstrom. Their organizations were varied: Christian Business Men's Committee International, Chaplain Counselors for Industry, the Association of Business Men's Evangelistic Clubs, Christian Workers Foundation, the Gideons, LeTourneau Evangelistic Foundation, Inter-Varsity Christian Fellowship, National Association of Evangelicals, and Youth for Christ. Taylor's aluminum company provides one illustration of evangelical and corporate unity. Taylor in 1932 had composed the Rotary Club's “four-way test,” a code of business ethics that would appeal to evangelicals, yet was, in a nod to religious pluralism, nonsectarian and important in the workplace. During World War II he became treasurer of the National Association of Evangelicals (NAE), the most important layman among clerics, and there he shaped its appeal, broader than the separatist fundamentalists. In 1944 he sponsored a radio program, Club Time, to promote the gospel and Christian democracy. Psalms and hymns—sung by George Beverly Shea—alternated with advertisements for Taylor's company. Sales, ratings, and numbers of conversions were impressive.
Structures bihamiltoniennes partielles

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We introduce three notions of partial bihamiltonian structures ($\operatorname{PQ}$, $\operatorname{PN}$ et $\operatorname{PΩ}$) in the convenient setting defined by Frölicher, Kriegl and Michor. We study geometrical objects linked with these structures and give examples in finite and infinite dimensions.
Linear and nonlinear dynamics of suspended cable considering bending stiffness

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper reports a systematic investigation on the linear and nonlinear dynamics of a suspended cable, taking bending stiffness into account. Firstly, the linear dynamics features, for example, eigen frequencies and modes for in-plane and out-of-plane motions, are formulated. Secondly, parametrical studies are conducted to explore the effect of bending stiffness on the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the symmetrical/antisymmetrical in-plane and out-of-plane modes. Then, the three-to-one internal resonance between the first- and third-order in-plane symmetrical modes is analyzed by applying directly the method of multiple scales dealing with the nonlinear partial differential equation and boundary conditions. Finally, the frequency-response curves and force-response curves are obtained through solving the modulation equations using the Newton–Raphson method and the pseudo-arclength scheme. The results show that the bending stiffness plays a considerable role in changing the natural frequencies and mode shapes, shifting the conditions for the occurring of nonlinear interaction, saddle-node bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation of suspended cables.
Merleau-Ponty reader of Goldstein: what is organismic intentionality?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract: The present study proposes an investigation into the reasons why Merleau-Ponty recognizes, in Goldstein’s incorporation of the figure-ground notion from the Gestalt Psychology, the convergence between contemporary science and phenomenological philosophy. It is about understanding how, insofar as it reveals the power of centering that operates in the concreteness of the existence of organisms in the surroundings, the notion of figure-background corresponds to the phenomenological notion of operative intentionality. In the same way, it is a matter of showing in what sense, as a form of operative intentionality, the power of centering of organisms does not need to be based on the presupposition of an “I think”. Keywords: Merleau-Ponty; Goldstein; Gestalt; organismic intentionality
Microreview The innate immune response in human tuberculosis

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Summary Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection can becleared by the innate immune system before theinitiation of an adaptive immune response. Thisinnate protection requires a variety of robust cellautonomous responses from many different hostimmune cell types. However, Mtb has evolvedstrategies to circumvent some of these defences.In this mini-review, we discuss these host–pathogen interactions with a focus on studies per-formed in human cells and/or supported by humangenetics studies (such as genome-wide associa-tion studies).Introduction Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is particularly effectiveat subverting many of the host immune defences, and thisis one reason why it is such a successful human pathogenthat has been particularly hard to eradicate. The outcomeof infection by Mtb and therefore the clinical manifestationof tuberculosis (TB) depend on many combined factors,such as host genetics, bacterial genetics (virulencefactors), the health and nutritional status of the host andwhether there has been any prior exposure/immunity andvaccination history. Around half of individuals exposed toMtb do not exhibit a positive tuberculin skin test (Morrison
Thiamphenicol in the Treatment of Gonococcal Infections

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The efficacy of thiamphenicol for treatment of uncomplicated gonococcal infection was compared with that of penicillin and spectinomycin in 370 women confined in the clinic to preclude reinfection before evaluation of treatment. Thiamphenicol (2.5 g perorally) was highly effective against beta-lactamase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae, but the failure rate in infections with non-beta-lactamase-producing N. gonorrhoeae was high. This rate was not, however, significantly higher than that for beta-lactamase-producing strains. The failure rate with thiamphenicol was significantly higher than that with spectinomycin (2 g im) in the treatment of infections due to beta-lactamase-producing N. gonorrhoeae but was essentially similar to that observed with aqueous procaine penicillin G (4.8 X 10(6) units im) plus probenecid (1 g perorally) among non-beta-lactamase-producing N. gonorrhoeae. Therefore thiamphenicol may be used as an alternative therapy for gonorrhea, especially for infections due to beta-lactamase-producing strains.
Toward a New Consciousness of the Sonic Healing Arts: The Therapeutic Use of Sound and Music for Personal and Planetary Health and Transformation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

As mysticism and science begin to blend more and more, the principles and practices of ancient spiritual systems are receiving validation and acceptance through scientific research.The Hindus have used knowledge of mantras and ragesfor thousands of years to effect changes in emotional, mental, and physical health and wholeness.Shaman from different traditions have used drumming and chanting to alter con sciousness and effect healings since untold times.Now, we are begin ning to gain insights into the hows and whys of some of these ancient systems, applying concepts such as "resonance" and "entrainment"' to these principles and practices that have worked for other cultures and traditions.We are beginning to become "Sonic Shamans," com bining knowledge of the East and West to create a unified therapy that uses music as its vehicle.Conductor Thomas Hohstadt, cellist Pablo Casals, and violinist Yehudi Menuhinz share a similar consciousness: They all echo the philoso phies of sacred sound found in many of these ancient traditions.The intriguing statement discovered by Hohstadt-that "the universe as a whole and we in particular are not matter but music"--reflects an understanding of sound and music which is in agreement not only with modem physicists but also with the sages of old.As far back as the sixth century before the birth of Christ, the Greek philosopher Pythagoras was teaching his disciples of the "music of the spheres," proposing that the movements of the heavenly bodies in their celestial sonics could be learned and heard in the harmony of the musical inter vals of plucked strings.'"Entrainment" is a phenomenon of sound in which the powerful rhythmic vibrations of one object will cause the less powerful vibrations of another object to lock in step with the rhythms of the more powerful abject and oscillate at this rate.Entrainment is univer sal in nature.It is the natural tendency of everything that vibrates to harmonize together.
Principals' strategies for managing the remediation of types of unsatisfactory teachers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to expand upon what is currently known and understood about principals' thinking and actions when managing the remediation of types of unsatisfactory teachers. Methods and procedures. The research was descriptive. A survey questionnaire was sent to 75 principals in the target district; a large, urban school district. Analysis of the returned surveys led to identification of a sample of 15 principals who participated in in-depth interviews. The interviews were tape recorded and then transcribed. Analyses of the transcriptions followed objectives created in light of the review of literature and suggestions from a panel of experts. Target district documents regarding policies and procedures for evaluating and supervising teachers were analyzed for evidence of remediation practices. Findings. Interviewed principals identified 12 types of unsatisfactory teachers. Many unsatisfactory teachers mentioned during the interviews reflected combinations of the twelve identified types. Principals also noted successful or unsuccessful uses of 13 remediation strategies in relation to certain types of unsatisfactory teachers. All principals interviewed reported receiving annual training for assuring due process to certificated employees and following district procedures when managing teachers they deemed unsatisfactory. Recommendations. Educators should investigate alternatives to the current deficit model used to manage unsatisfactory teachers. The current approach does not appear to consider the subtleties and nuances of teacher attitude and aptitude that make remediating unsatisfactory teachers extremely complex. A replication of this study in an analogous school district should be conducted to determine if principals generated similar categories and labels for unsatisfactory teachers. Adopting an agreed upon vocabulary for diagnosing, discussing and managing unsatisfactory teachers should be a priority of the education profession. Additional research should be conducted to determine whether or not every school district's evaluation policies should allow principals to apply personal criteria during teacher evaluation. All school administrators should receive training in diagnosing and identifying types of unsatisfactory teachers. Additional research needs to be conducted to determine the impact of marginality and managing marginal teachers within the profession.
Introduction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Far-reaching changes can be expected in the Southern African region over the next few years. Since the collapse of Portuguese colonial rule in Angola and Mozambique in the middle 1970s the region has been plunged into political and economic instability. After decades of white minority rule under the system of apartheid, South Africa is set to attain, for the first time in its history, a popularly elected government. This will occur during a period when the end of the Cold War in Europe has lessened super power interest in the region. For some analysts it has now at last become possible to talk about forging a common security policy for the region, possibly on the lines of the Conference for Security and Cooperation in Europe. Such a security policy would take into account not only military and political issues, but also ones of economic welfare and social justice.1 KeywordsForeign PolicySecure GoverningIdeological ConflictSouth African PolicyInkatha Freedom PartyThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Redesigning the Titanic?: a new framework for post 16 learning in England

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Founded in 1971, Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research (COST) is an intergovernmental framework allowing the co-ordination of nationally funded research on a European level. COST Action 11 investigates different aspects of flexibility, mobility and transferability of vocational competencies. Working Group 5 focuses on aspects of evaluation and assessment of these attributes in Member States of the European Union (EU). This paper is one of a series examining specific evaluation/assessment problems within a national context but with general relevance to the European community. The paper highlights recent reforms in post-16 learning in the United Kingdom (UK). 'Learning to succeed: a new framework for post-16 learning' (Department for Education and Employment, 1999) contains the government's plan to raise educational standards in all post-16 educational provision (this document is indexed at TD/IRD 88.176). The author describes the main features of the proposed reforms, evaluates the scale and significance of the changes, and explores the strengths and weaknesses of the national strategies for assessment and evaluation designed to improve quality in vocational education and training.
Dreams: Bird Dream 梦系列: 鸟梦

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In Yang Zhi-lin's letter to Kong Chang-an, he described his condition at that time "after 1989, my creation has been congested, making ink paintings about my blurry and chaotic dream constantly." (For further information about the letter, please refer to https://digital.kenyon.edu/zhoudocs/359/.) "Bird Dream" here is one of the dream-series paintings. The hook-shaped ink dot may refer to bird, which is in the center to the left of the image and plays a dominant role in the composition. Many dream-series features are embodied in this painting, such as elongated lines, blurry color areas and unbalanced composition. His autograph is visible at the bottom of the painting. (Zhuocheng Jiang '26)
IMMEDIATE AND REMOTE EFFECTS OF RESECTION ON THE HYPERTENSION IN COARCTATION OF THE AORTA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the ten years, 1948-1958, 80 patients underwent surgery for coarctation of the aorta at Stanford University Hospital.In nearly all, the procedure was resection of the stenotic area followed by end-to-end * For various reasons, an exception has been made for this paper in the usual method of quoting the references.