jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Finite dimensional approximations of dynamical systems generated by delay equations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this thesis, we study three different approximation methods. First, we study the pseudospectral approximation method, where we approximate eigenvalues of delay equations. Moreover, we look at the parametrisation method, which we can use to approximate invariant manifolds of both finite and infinite dimensional dynamical systems. Lastly, we study Trotter-Kato approximation methods, where we approximate flows and orbits of delay equations.
Mathematical problems on generalized functions and the canonical Hamiltonian formalism

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This text is addressed to mathematicians who are interested in generalized functions and unbounded operators on a Hilbert space. We expose in detail (in a "formal way" - as done by Heisenberg and Pauli - i.e. without mathematical definitions and then, of course, without mathematical rigour) the Heisenberg-Pauli calculations on the simplest model close to physics. The problem for mathematicians is to give a mathematical sense to these calculations, which is possible without any knowledge in physics, since they mimick exactly usual calculations on infinitely differentiable functions and on bounded operators, and can be considered at a purely mathematical level, ignoring physics in a first step. The mathematical tools to be used are nonlinear generalized functions, unbounded operators on a Hilbert space and computer calculations.
Intraoperative urosonography during endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children: Can it improve the results? Preliminary report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Poster: ECR 2014 / C-1630 / Intraoperative urosonography during endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children: Can it improve the results­? Preliminary report by: M. M. Wozniak 1, P. Osemlak1, A. Pawelec1, P. Nachulewicz1, A. P. Wieczorek2; 1Lublin/PL, 2 Lublin/PL
The perennial fruit tree proteogenomics atlas: a spatial map of the sweet cherry proteome and transcriptome

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY Genome‐wide transcriptome analysis provides systems‐level insights into plant biology. Due to the limited depth of quantitative proteomics our understanding of gene–protein–complex stoichiometry is largely unknown in plants. Recently, the complexity of the proteome and its cell‐/tissue‐specific distribution have boosted the research community to the integration of transcriptomics and proteomics landscapes in a proteogenomic approach. Herein, we generated a quantitative proteome and transcriptome abundance atlas of 15 major sweet cherry ( Prunus avium L., cv 'Tragana Edessis') tissues represented by 29 247 genes and 7584 proteins. Additionally, 199 984 alternative splicing events, particularly exon skipping and alternative 3′ splicing, were identified in 23 383 transcribed regions of the analyzed tissues. Common signatures as well as differences between mRNA and protein quantities, including genes encoding transcription factors and allergens, within and across the different tissues are reported. Using our integrated dataset, we identified key putative regulators of fruit development, notably genes involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins and flavonoids. We also provide proteogenomic‐based evidence for the involvement of ethylene signaling and pectin degradation in cherry fruit ripening. Moreover, clusters of genes and proteins with similar and different expression and suppression trends across diverse tissues and developmental stages revealed a relatively low RNA abundance‐to‐protein correlation. The present proteogenomic analysis allows us to identify 17 novel sweet cherry proteins without prior protein‐level annotation evidenced in the currently available databases. To facilitate use by the community, we also developed the Sweet Cherry Atlas Database ( https://grcherrydb.com/ ) for viewing and data mining these resources. This work provides new insights into the proteogenomics workflow in plants and a rich knowledge resource for future investigation of gene and protein functions in Prunus species.
Analysis of p‐Laplacian Hadamard fractional boundary value problems with the derivative term involved in the nonlinear term

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper investigates a new class of p‐Laplacian boundary value problems of Hadamard type fractional differential equations. We emphasize that few works on Hadamard fractional boundary value problems include p‐Laplacian Hadamard type fractional differential equations with nonlinear terms involving Hadamard fractional derivatives of unknown functions. By means of the five functional fixed point theorem, multiple positive solutions are established for the p‐Laplacian Hadamard fractional boundary value problem. An example is constructed for illustration of the main result.
Making an Avant-Garde Composition: Intersections of Composition Theory and Innovative Poetics

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Making of an Avant-Garde Composition: Intersections of Composition Theory and Innovative Poetics, explores how current discussions in the field of Composition and Rhetoric intersect with the theories and practices of select members of the avant-garde poetry community, focusing on the issues of genre, identity, and language. It examines each of these issues by juxtaposing discussions of leading Composition and Rhetoric scholars with creative and critical work of avant-garde poets, identifying common concerns, and describing diverse approaches to creating innovative writing practices. It demonstrates the connections between Theresa Hak Kyung Cha's multilingual text, DICTEE, and recent scholarship by Min-Zhan Lu and A. Suresh Canagarajah on multilingual student writers in order to argue for more discussion of language politics and linguistic awareness in the composition classroom. It also outlines the connections between Harryette Mullen's creative and critical work and scholarship by Donna LeCourt and Roz Ivanic on writer identity to explore new approaches to interpreting and responding to student texts. Finally, it reads Susan Howe's The Midnight in conversation with leading genre theorists such as Amy Devitt and compositionists such as Robert Davis and Mark Shadle who argue for assigning multigenre papers.
Potential of Cell-Penetrating Peptide-Conjugated Antisense Oligonucleotides for the Treatment of SMA

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a severe neuromuscular disorder that is caused by mutations in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, hindering the production of functional survival motor neuron (SMN) proteins. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), a versatile DNA-like drug, are adept at binding to target RNA to prevent translation or promote alternative splicing. Nusinersen is an FDA-approved ASO for the treatment of SMA. It can effectively promote alternative splicing in SMN2, an analog of SMN1, to produce a greater amount of full length SMN protein, to compensate for the loss of functional protein translated from SMN1. Despite its efficacy in ameliorating SMA symptoms, the cellular uptake of these ASOs is suboptimal and their inability to penetrate the CNS necessitates invasive lumbar punctures. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), that can be conjugated to ASOs, represent a promising approach to improve the efficiency of these treatments for SMA and have the potential to transverse the blood-brain barrier to circumvent the need for intrusive intrathecal injections and their associated adverse effects. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of ASO therapy, their application for the treatment of SMA, and the encouraging potential of CPPs as delivery systems to improve ASO uptake and overall efficiency.
QoS based MAC protocol for the home network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The home network is one of the most important information infrastructures of the future. Among the home network solutions available, one promising technology is a HomePNA utilizing the phone line. However, it is not able to guarantee the QoS due to the adaptation of the mature IEEE802.3 CSMA/CD technology which is used for Ethernet. In light of this, we propose and evaluate a new MAC protocol for the home network called the HomeMAC that provides guaranteed QoS for appliances and PCs. HomeMAC features a hybrid CSMA/CD-timed token protocol which combines the CSMA/CD with timed token protocol and transmits real-tune traffic based on the QoS level table (QLT) for guaranteeing QoS. In the HomeMAC, there are two different transmission modes, namely, the CSMA/CD mode when there is no real-time traffic, and the timed token mode when there is real-time traffic taking place. By dynamically switching the transmission mode between CSMA/CD mode and timed token mode in accordance with the different kinds of traffic, the hybrid protocol provides low delay, low jitter, and low loss rate to multimedia appliances such as TVs, DVDs, and PCs. Moreover, by providing flexible bandwidth allocation based on QLT, the HomeMAC can serve high QoS whole covering entire offered load.
Inhibition of acylcoenzyme A:Cholesterol acyltransferase activity by PD128O42: Effect on cholesterol metabolism and secretion in CaCo‐2 cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The regulation of cholesterol uptake and secretion by acylcoenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) was investigated in the human intestinal cell line, CaCo‐2. A new ACAT inhibitor, PD128042 (CI‐976), was first characterized. The addition of the fatty acid anilide to membranes prepared from CaCo‐2 cells inhibited ACAT activity without altering the activities of HMG‐CoA reductase, fatty acid Co‐A hydrolase, or triglyceride synthetase. PD128042 was a competitive inhibitor of ACTA with 50% inhibition occurring at a concentration of 0.2 μg/mL. When added to the medium of CaCo‐2 cells at a concentration of 5 μg/mL, PD128042 inhibited oleate incorporation into cholesteryl oleate by 92% and increased oleate incorporation into triglycerides and phospholipids by 51% and 38%, respectively. After incubating CaCo‐2 cells with the ACAT inhibitor, the rate of newly synthesized cholesterol decreased by 75% and membranes prepared from these cells contained significantly less HMG‐CoA reductase activity. PD128042 significantly decreased the basolateral secretion of newly synthesized cholesteryl esters without affecting the secretion of newly synthesized triglycerides or phospholipids. The inhibitor decreased the esterification of labeled exogenous cholesterol which was taken up by the cell from bile salt micelles. Moreover, after 16 hr of ACAT inhibition, less labeled unesterified micellar cholesterol was associated with the cell. The esterification of cholesterol in CaCo‐2 cells plays an integral role in the uptake of cholesterol through the apical membrane and its eventual secretion at the basolateral membrane.
De novo Mutation in CACNA1S Gene in a 20-Year-Old Man Diagnosed with Metabolic Myopathy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L-type, alpha 1S subunit (CACNA1S) gene encodes a skeletal Ca2+ channel which is involved in calcium-dependent processes such as muscle contraction and neurotransmitter release. Mutations in this gene have been accompanied by hypo- and normokalemic periodic paralysis, thyrotoxic periodic paralysis, and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia. We report the clinical and genetic findings in a patient diagnosed with metabolic myopathy who had episodic attacks of muscle pain and weakness but with no family background of the disease. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) using a panel targeting metabolic myopathy and myotonia genes identified a de novo heterozygous pathogenic variant c.3724A>G, p.Arg1242Gly, in exon 30 of CACNA1S. As the second report of this variant, this case may broaden the CACNA1S-related disease spectrum to include normokalemic periodic paralysis.
A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS ACHAEARANEA FROM ZHEJIANG PROVINCE(ARANEAE: THERIDIIDAE)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present paper deals with a new species of the family Theridiidae collected from Jinghua City (29°07'N, 119°39'E) and Mount Tianmu (30°21'N, 119°25'E), Zhejiang Province. Type specimens are deposited in the department of Biology, Hangzhou Teacher's College.Achaearanea campanulata sp. nov. (figs. 1—5)Body length ♀, 2.73 mm. (?), 2.43mm. Holotype: ♀; Allotype: (?); Paratypes: 18♀♀, 2(?). The new species resembles A. angulithorax and A. ferrumequnum, but may be distinguished from the them by the structure of epigynum.
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench subsp. bicolor (L.) Moench IS 10855

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench subsp. bicolor (L.) Moench
Common name(s): Sorghum
Other names: Wacla, No. 1553, NSL 77312, EC 491597, IS 10855
Conserved by: International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India
Local sample unique identifier: IS 10855
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 2002-09-19
Other identifiers: n/a,NSL 77312, n/a,No. 1553, n/a,EC 491597
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included
Empirical study on the effects of promotions from SESDAQ to mainboard on investors' reaction, stock liquidity and riskiness.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Our study examines the type of market reaction to news of firms’ promotion from SESDAQ to Mainboard. We also seek to identify the reasons behind the market reaction. In our study, we find positive market reactions and also an increase in stock liquidity. However, there is no change in riskiness.
Interactions of molecules with nucleic acids. IV. Binding energies and conformations of acridine and phenanthridine compounds in the two principal and in several unconstrained dimer‐duplex intercalation sites

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The binding positions and relative minimum binding energies are calculated for complexes of 9‐aminoacridine, proflavine, N ‐methylphenanthridinium, and ethidium in theoretically determined intercalation sites in B‐DNA (sites I and II) and in unconstrained dimer‐duplex sites. The selection of site I in B‐DNA by these compounds agrees with the theoretical interpretation of studies of unwinding angles in closed circular DNA in all cases but ethidium, which is predicted to select site II. The most stable binding positions of the acridines and ethidium in unconstrained dimer‐duplex units agree with experimental results of intercalation complexes of dinucleoside monophosphate units. Base‐pair specificity for Watson‐Crick pairing is examined. The energy of an intercalation complex is partitioned into Δ E 23 , the energy required to open base pairs BP 2 and BP 3 in B‐DNA to a site, and Δ E In , the energy change when a free molecular intercalates. Δ E 23 depends strongly on the base‐pair sequence, whereas Δ E In for the four molecules studied does not. The three most stable sequences contain (pyrimidine)p(purine) units, and this provides a rationale for the exclusive formation of crystals of intercalation complexes with these units. In spite of this selectivity, the distribution of GṁC and AṁT base pairs is equal for these three units and persists as the more unstable sequences are included. Therefore, specificity arises from the interaction between the base pairs and the 2′‐deoxyribose 5′‐monophosphate backbone for the opening of B‐DNA to an intercalation site and not from the interaction between the chromophore and the DNA.
Modeling and Optimizing Forgetting and Spacing Effects during Musical Interval Training.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

From novice to expert, almost every musician must recognize musical intervals, the perceived pitch difference between two notes, but there have not been many empirical attempts to discover an optimal teaching technique. The current study created a method for teaching identification of consonant and dissonant tone pairs. At posttest, participants increased their ability to discern tritones from octaves, and performance was better for those who received an interleaving order of the practice trials. Data mining of the results used a novel method to capture curvilinear forgetting and spacing effects in the data and allowed a deeper analysis of the pedagogical implications of our task that revealed richer information than would have been revealed by the pretest-to-posttest comparison alone. Implications for musical education, generalization learning, and future research are discussed.
Knowledge Communication Problems between Experts and Decision Makers: an Overview and Classification

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this article we examine the difficulties of knowledge communication among experts and decision makers. We begin by outlining where and how the communication of expertise from specialists to managers is crucial. We then review theoretical constructs that highlight knowledge transfer problems among experts and decision makers. On the basis of this review and using the results from six focus groups and thirty interviews with engineers and managers, we categorise these transfer challenges into five major groups. We distinguish among expert? and manager?caused problems, reciprocal problems, problems due to the interaction situation and problems caused by the organisational context. These categories can be used to guide research on the micro?aspects of knowledge transfer. Managers can use these problem categories to identify and reduce knowledge transfer barriers in their interaction with specialists.
Biomechanical sensor signal analysis based on machine learning for human gait classification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The present study investigates the effect of wearable sensor placements and the use of various machine learning (ML) algorithms for human gait pattern recognition based on temporal gait speeds using wearable multichannel sensor data. Therefore, classifying human gait from features extracted from biomechanical sensor signals and evaluating the effect of using these sensors on gait biomechanics can be successfully achieved with a machine learning approach. In this study, firstly, IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) and GON (Goniometer) sensor features were extracted for machine learning input using the sliding windows method, and these features were applied to ML classifiers to classify human gait speed. Our experimental findings show that multi- and fusion sensor models provide superior classification performance compared to single sensor models, and the highest accuracy is achieved with the ‘FUS09’ fusion sensor model and SVM-based classifier. The classification accuracies of the FUS10 fusion sensor model, where all sensor parameters were combined, the FUS09 model, where the GON_ANK and IMU_Ft parameters in this model were excluded, are 0.895 and 0.901, respectively. Consequently, wearable biomechanical sensor data and machine learning approach can be easily preferred in multiple human activity recognition.
Drugs Released for Clinical Use

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This listing includes new single chemical entities and preparations, duplicate single products, and combination products that have been made available for clinical use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration during the period from June 21 to July 20, 1972. This information is taken from the manufacturer's package insert or brochure, which should be consulted for further details on indications, dosage, contraindications, and adverse reactions.
Presumed aetiologies and clinical outcomes of non‐lesional late‐onset epilepsy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background and purpose Our objective was to define phenotypes of non‐lesional late‐onset epilepsy (NLLOE) depending on its presumed aetiology and to determine their seizure and cognitive outcomes at 12 months. Methods In all, 146 newly diagnosed NLLOE patients, >50 years old, were prospectively included and categorized by four presumed aetiological subtypes: neurodegenerative subtype (patients with a diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease) ( n = 31), microvascular subtype (patients with three or more cardiovascular risk factors and two or more vascular lesions on MRI) ( n = 39), inflammatory subtype (patient meeting international criteria for encephalitis) ( n = 9) and unlabelled subtype (all individuals who did not meet the criteria for other subtypes) ( n = 67). Cognitive outcome was determined by comparing for each patient the proportion of preserved/altered scores between initial and second neuropsychological assessment. Results The neurodegenerative subtype had the most severe cognitive profile at diagnosis with cognitive complaint dating back several years. The microvascular subtype was mainly evaluated through the neurovascular emergency pathway. Their seizures were characterized by transient phasic disorders. Inflammatory subtype patients were the youngest. They presented an acute epilepsy onset with high rate of focal status epilepticus. The unlabelled subtype presented fewer comorbidities with fewer lesions on brain imaging. The neurodegenerative subtype had the worst seizure and cognitive outcomes. In other groups, seizure control was good under antiseizure medication (94.7% seizure‐free) and cognitive performance was stabilized or even improved. Conclusion This new characterization of NLLOE phenotypes raises questions regarding the current International League Against Epilepsy aetiological classification which does not individualize neurodegenerative and microvascular aetiology per se.
Induction and Characteristics of Mutants of Phytophthora drechsleri Resistant to Etridiazole

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Twenty etridiazole-resistant mutants of Phytophthora drechsleri were obtained by ultraviolet irradiation,and some of their biological characteristics were studied in vitro.The results showed that frequency of mutation in P.drechsleri that resistant to etridiazole was higher than that resistant to metalaxyl,while etridiazole-resistant level was much lower than that of metalaxyl-resistance,the resistance factor(RF) for etridiazole was ranged from 1.32 to 4.31.The resistance to etridiazole was stable in the process of continuous transfer cultivation and long conservation under room temperature.As compared to their parental sensitive isolate,the growth rates of mutants changed more or less.In addition,there was no cross-resistance between etridiazole and metalaxyl or dimethomorph.