jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Eight-year-old Boy with New-onset Seizure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An eight-year-old boy presented to the emergency department for a first-time seizure. The patient had only signs of mild dehydration on physical exam and had an uneventful postictal recovery. First-time seizures in pediatric patients are often benign and require only an outpatient workup; some are dangerous. This case takes the reader through the differential diagnosis and systematic work-up of new-onset pediatric seizures, leading to an unanticipated diagnosis.
Regulation of Aquaporin Prip Expression and Its Physiological Function in Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rhyzopertha dominica Prip (RdPrip) cDNA was cloned (GenBank accession no. OK318454), and the encoded 276-amino-acid protein indicated the typical aquaporin structure, including six transmembrane regions and two NPA motifs. The developmental and tissue profiles of RdPrip transcription were determined. RdPrip was highly transcribed in female adults, followed by larvae, pupae, and male adults. The transcriptional expression levels of RdPrip were significantly high in the ovary and hindgut (including cryptonephridial systems) compared with the foregut, testis, midgut, and Malpighian tubules. Knockdown of RdPrip in female adults did not decrease fecundity, but significantly decreased the hatching rate of eggs laid by the females. The results suggest that RdPrip functions in embryonic development, not in egg formation. In addition, the transcriptional expression level of RdPrip was lower in the spinosad-resistant strain than in the susceptible one, and the resistant strain produced fewer progeny than the susceptible strain did. These studies support the functional role of RdPrip in female reproduction. The absence of significant mortality reduction in the R. dominica exposed to spinosad after RdPrip RNAi suggests that other aquaporins that were not knocked down may exist for the excretion of metabolized pesticides.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 282510 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "TaxonKey" : [ "is Lanius senator Linnaeus, 1758" ] } The dataset includes 282510 records from 658 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0012100-240626123714530/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
A Unified Multi-task Adversarial Learning Framework for Pharmacovigilance Mining

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The mining of adverse drug reaction (ADR) has a crucial role in the pharmacovigilance. The traditional ways of identifying ADR are reliable but time-consuming, non-scalable and offer a very limited amount of ADR relevant information. With the unprecedented growth of information sources in the forms of social media texts (Twitter, Blogs, Reviews etc.), biomedical literature, and Electronic Medical Records (EMR), it has become crucial to extract the most pertinent ADR related information from these free-form texts. In this paper, we propose a neural network inspired multi- task learning framework that can simultaneously extract ADRs from various sources. We adopt a novel adversarial learning-based approach to learn features across multiple ADR information sources. Unlike the other existing techniques, our approach is capable to extracting fine-grained information (such as 'Indications', 'Symptoms', 'Finding', 'Disease', 'Drug') which provide important cues in pharmacovigilance. We evaluate our proposed approach on three publicly available real- world benchmark pharmacovigilance datasets, a Twitter dataset from PSB 2016 Social Me- dia Shared Task, CADEC corpus and Medline ADR corpus. Experiments show that our unified framework achieves state-of-the-art performance on individual tasks associated with the different benchmark datasets. This establishes the fact that our proposed approach is generic, which enables it to achieve high performance on the diverse datasets.
Deformation characteristics on models of preloaded and prestressed reinforced soil structure during axial cyclic loading

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A new construction technology has been proposed to increase substantially the vertical stiffness of GRS soil structures to make the deformation of the backfill in service essentially elastic, sufficiently large vertical preloading is applied to the backfill and to keep the stiffness of the backfill in service sufficiently high, preloading is not unloaded to zero, but sufficiently high vertical prestress is maintained within the backfill. In this study, a series of laboratory model tests were performed to quantitatively and separately evaluate effects of preloading and prestressing, and those of the use of tie rods for prestressing. It should be finally underlined that necessary and sufficiently large preload and prestress can be applied to the reinforced backfill. On the other hand, such levels of preload and prestress cannot be applied to usual unreinforced backfill without excessive deformation or even failure, therefore very high stiff backfill can be realized only when applying the preloading and prestressing method to appropriately designed reinforced soil structures.
Digital space meets urban place: Sociotechnologies of urban restructuring in downtown San Francisco

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this paper Graham and Guy analyse the political and spatial contestations surrounding the rapid recent growth of gentrifying IT-clusters in downtown San Francisco. The emphasis is on how new, high-capacity internet infrastructures and services, and the technoscientific apparatus to maintain, use and apply such infrastructures, are implicated in the restructuring of politics and landscapes of this particular central city. In particular, the authors focus on the complex urban and technological politics surrounding the 'dot-com invasion' of IT entrepreneurs and internet industries to downtown San Francisco. The paper explores how this urban place has been forcefully appropriated as a strategic site of digital capitalism, under intense resistance and contestation from a wide alliance of social movements struggling to maintain the city as a site of Bohemian counter-culture and social and cultural diversity.
Sexual victimization against transgender women in prison: Consent and coercion in context

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract In this article, we conjoin two long‐standing lines of inquiry in criminology—the study of prison life and the study of sexual assault—by using original qualitative and quantitative data from 315 transgender women incarcerated in 27 California men's prisons. In so doing, we advance an analysis of the factors and processes that shape their experience of sexual victimization in prison. The results of qualitative analysis of 198 reported incidents of sexual victimization exhibit a range of types of sexual victimization experienced by transgender women in prison and reveal the centrality of relationships to their experiences of victimization. Findings from logistic regression models buttress the qualitative results, highlighting a factor that consistently and powerfully indicates vulnerability to sexual victimization is involvement in consensual sexual relationships with male prisoners. Together, the data demonstrate the prominence of intimate partner violence in prison, complicate the distinction between consent and unwanted sexual experiences in the lives of transgender women in prisons for men, and shine a light on the workings of gender in a total institution that privileges heteronormativity at the expense of the safety of transgender women in prisons for men. We discuss the implications of our findings in light of timely policy concerns.
Reviewed by:

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Tumors frequently arise as a result of an acquired genomic instability and the subsequent evolution of neoplastic populations with variable genomes. A barrier to the study of the somatic genetics of human solid tumors in vivo is the presence of admixtures of non-neoplastic cells with normal genomes in patient samples.These can obscure the presence of somatic aberrations including mutations, homozygous deletions, and breakpoints in biopsies of interest. Furthermore, clinical samples frequently contain multiple neoplastic populations that cannot be distinguished by morphology. Consequently, it is difficult to determine whether mutations detected in a sample of interest are concurrent in a sin-gle clonal population or if they occur in distinct cell populations in the same sample. The advent of targeted therapies increases the selection for preexisting populations. However the asymmetric distribution of therapeutic targets in clonal populations provides a mecha-nism for the rapid evolution of resistant disease. Thus, there is a need to not only isolate tumor from normal cells, but to also enrich distinct populations of clonal neoplastic cells in order to apply genome technologies to identify clinically relevant genomic aberrations that drive disease in patients in vivo. To address this we have applied single and multiparame-
COVID‐19 and dementia: experience from six European countries

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have been well documented across the world with an appreciation that older people and in particular those with dementia have been disproportionately and negatively affected by the pandemic. This is both in terms of their health outcomes (mortality and morbidity), care decisions made by health systems and the longer‐term effects such as neurological damage. The International Dementia Alliance is a group of dementia specialists from six European countries and this paper is a summary of our experience of the effects of COVID‐19 on our populations. Experience from England, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain and Switzerland highlight the differential response from health and social care systems and the measures taken to maximise support for older people and those with dementia. The common themes include recognition of the atypical presentation of COVID‐19 in older people (and those with dementia) need to pay particular attention to the care of people with dementia in care homes; the recognition of the toll that isolation can bring on older people and the complexity of the response by health and social services to minimise the negative impact of the pandemic. Potential new ways of working identified during the pandemic could serve as a positive legacy from the crisis.
Thermal and mechanical simulation of bulk resonators

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this work, a mechanical silicon resonator fabricated on Silicon On Insulator (SOI) substrates, is simulated using ANSYS. Two different models are used depending on the objectives of the simulation. A 2D model is used for simulating the resonance frequency and the surface temperature distribution, as long as a 3-D model is necessary for more accurate thermal and stress-distribution analysis. Simple structures as cantilevers have been fabricated with different dimensions and preliminary results of the modal behaviour have been performed. As an example, fundamental modes around 3 kHz to 99 kHz and quality factors around 63 up to 1200 have been measured on structures of 1000/spl times/1000 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ and 300/spl times/300 /spl mu/m/sup 2/.
Electrical aging phenomena of medium voltage EPR cable energized by ac voltage with switching impulses superimposed

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Electrical aging of polymer insulated power cables has been an important subject of investigation in the last several decades. Cable insulation is placed under heavy electrical stress due to overvoltages occurring during switching operations taking place in the power system. Transients overriding the normal ac operation voltage are some of the most hazardous conditions for cable insulation life. Although a good understanding of aging mechanisms under single stress has been achieved, more research work is needed to fully grasp the phenomena taking place under multi-stress conditions. In this study, the electrical aging of 15 kV Ethylene Propylene Rubber (EPR) power cables was undertaken by ac voltage with switching impulses superimposed in wet condition. The experiments aimed at providing a better understanding of the electrical aging phenomenon of EPR cable insulation in wet condition. It also helped to assess the reliability of EPR cables used under such circumstances.
High performance liquid chromatographic determination of phenolic compounds in seed exudates of Festuca arundinacea and F. pratense

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Derivatives of benzoic and cinnamic (caffeic, protocatechuic, vanillic, ferulic, p-coumaric, p-hydroxybenzoic and syringic) acids and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde in seed exudates of Festuca arundinacea cv. "Kora" and F. pratense cv. "Otava" have been separated and quantified on a Zorbax SB C18 Rapid Resolution™ column with linear gradient elution using a mobile phase containing acetonitrile and 0.5% acetic acid. The USP tailing factors were less than 1.15 for all peaks. Strictly linear calibration curves (r > 0.9997) with limits of detection of 90–880 nM were obtained for all analytes in the concentration ranges from units or tenths up to 600 µM. RP 105 and OASIS™ HLB polymeric sorbents have been shown to be the best of the tested sorbents for the separation and preconcentration of phenolic compounds from both plant materials. The solid-phase extraction procedures have been compared with classical liquid–liquid extractions and consistent results were obtained. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
[Sensory neuropeptide SP modulating expression of EGF, FGF-2 and their receptors in fibroblasts of granulation in vivo and in vitro].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Sensory neuropeptide SP released from sensory nerve participates in upregulation of gene expressions of EGF, EGF-2 and their receptors in granulation fibroblasts during wound healing.
A Case for Virtual Desktops

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This study delves into strategies for overcoming software access barriers in educational settings for a course on Database Management Systems. It demonstrates how access to course materials and software via a virtual desktop can mitigate challenges such as schedule conflicts and limited resources, benefiting student retention and overall achievement. The Experimental Group, which benefited from the virtual desktop, demonstrated superior performance and retention compared to the Control Group. Notably, the Experimental Group exhibited a lower dropout rate (4.1% vs. 7.4%), indicating enhanced retention. Additionally, they consistently outperformed the Control Group across all assignments, with differences ranging from 3.29% to 23.07%, suggesting significant improvement over the course duration. The findings suggest that implementing virtual desktops can enhance software accessibility, promote educational equity, and significantly improve both student performance and retention in courses requiring specialized tools.
The morphology of poly(ethylene oxide)‐barium perchlorate complexes

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Poly(ethylene oxide) dissolves a wide variety of inorganic salts and forms solid complexes with multiphase structures. The interaction between polymer chains and ions directs the morphology of the sample. The structure is very sensitive to the preparation methods and the purity of the materials. In this work the morphology of poly(ethylene oxide)‐Ba(ClO 4 ) 2 complexes has been analysed. The effect of the salt concentration and the variations in the molar mass of the polymer was studied. The multiphase structures were investigated by infra‐red spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, optical microscopy, 13 C cross polarization and magic‐angle spinning NMR spectroscopy, and wide angle X‐ray scattering. Two different crystalline phases and changes in the amorphous phase were found for the complexes when the salt concentration was varied.
Emergence of a Pneumococcal Clone with Cephalosporin Resistance and Penicillin Susceptibility

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT We report two South African serotype 6B pneumococcal isolates with cephalosporin resistance, yet with susceptibility to penicillin. DNA fingerprinting revealed that they were clonal in origin. pbp 2X and 1A genes showed major alterations typical of cephalosporin-resistant pneumococci. The pbp 2B gene was completely unaltered, explaining the penicillin susceptibility of the isolates.
The professional development of students through global experiences

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

As globalization increases from advancing technologies and innovation, more businesses are entering the international market. With this, comes a demand for a culturally competent workforce. To possess cross cultural skills, college students must develop Cultural Intelligence. According to the Cultural Intelligence Center, Cultural Intelligence (CQ) is defined as the ability to relate and work effectively in culturally diverse situations. Research shows that college students who go abroad have a higher probability of standing out to employers due to the knowledge and risks associated with going global, and make further efforts to immerse themselves in cultures (10 Benefits to Studying Abroad).\nPrevious analysis of Cultural Intelligence Assessments in the College of Business at the University of Northern Iowa demonstrates a 10 percent increase in average scores from study abroad participants after their time abroad. The tests conducted in this research takes into account standard deviation and mean to determine if these changes are significant. To prove studying abroad develops and improves cultural intelligence, statistical tests on Cultural Intelligence Assessments were conducted to prove five research hypotheses. The objective is to measure development, encourage students to pursue experiences abroad, and project an understanding of the positive outcomes. In an economic period of declining public funding and increasing cultural integration, these quantitative findings provide some incentive to invest in more funding to increase study abroad participation. With more study abroad participation comes a higher population of college graduates with the skills to work effectively in a global environment.
Artificial Intelligence-derived Photoplethysmography Age as a Digital Biomarker for Cardiovascular Health

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Photoplethysmography (PPG), increasingly available through wearable devices, provides a non-invasive means of monitoring human hemodynamics. In this study, we introduce artificial intelligence-derived photoplethysmography (AI-PPG) age, a deep learning-based estimate of biological age from raw PPG signals, and evaluate its potential as a digital biomarker for cardiovascular health. Methods: We developed a deep learning model with a distribution-aware loss function to reduce bias from imbalanced data. The model was trained and evaluated on the UK Biobank cohort (N = 212,231). We analyzed the association between the AI-PPG age gap (AI-PPG age minus calendar age) and multiple cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes, assessed its longitudinal value using serial PPG measurements, and externally validated its generalizability in an independent MIMIC-III-derived cohort (N = 2,343). Results: After adjusting for key confounders, participants with an AI-PPG age gap greater than 9 years have a significantly higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (hazard ratio of 2.37, p = 8.46x10$^{-80}$), as well as seven secondary outcomes including coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction (all p < 0.005). Conversely, those with a gap below -9 years show a lower risk profile. Longitudinal analysis demonstrates that changes in AI-PPG age add predictive value over time. In the external validation cohort, each one-year increase in AI-PPG age gap is associated with higher in-hospital mortality (odds ratio of 1.02, p = 0.01). Conclusions: AI-PPG age is a scalable, non-invasive biomarker for cardiovascular health assessment. Integrated with wearable devices, it may enable population-level screening, personalized monitoring, and early intervention.
Technical and economic study of irrigation scheduling devices on corn water productivity in a semi-arid region

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

It is essential to consider water allocation control and on-farm irrigation scheduling to increase water productivity in agriculture. There are several devices used for irrigation scheduling, however the best device with the most priority is not identified yet. In the present study, the effect of using several irrigation scheduling devices on increasing water productivity in a corn field was investigated. The devices were classified technically and economically using analytic hierarchy process. The experimental farm was located in a semi-arid region in Iran, which was managed by a farmer and irrigated with drip irrigation system. Six techniques for irrigation scheduling were studied including Penman-Monteith model (T2), infrared thermometer (T3), soil moisture meter (T4), tensiometer (T5), and gypsum block (T6). The irrigation scheduling treatments were compared with the conventional treatment adopted by the farmer (T1). Economic analysis was performed. The ease of use of the devices was also evaluated. Results showed for the irrigation scheduling treatments of T3 to T6, applied irrigation water was reduced by 11 to 26% compared to T1. The corn yield in irrigation scheduling treatments was not reduced significantly compared to T1. As a result, water productivity increased by 35% from 2.0 to 2.7 kg/m3. The best irrigation scheduling device in terms of water productivity was gypsum block. In regard to affordability and ease of use by farmers, the Penman-Monteith model had more priority. Considering all assessment criteria, tensiometer (T5) was given the first priority. The infrared thermometer (T3) and Penman-Monteith model (T2) were identified as the next priorities.