jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Symptoms of Bankruptcy and Prediction Models of Bankruptcy Risk

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper makes a brief literature review on symptoms of bankruptcy and prediction models of bankruptcy risk. When it comes to bankruptcy we must start from the symptoms that lead to the financial failure of a company. Financial failure or bankruptcy of a company is an event that may cause losses to banks, suppliers, shareholders and the wider community; they are interested in predicting bankruptcy of a company and how and when it will fail. Bankruptcy is often a consequence of the inefficiency of an enterprise and the decision of stakeholders to recover investments by issuing a declaration of bankruptcy. A survey of the literature shows that most international studies in failure prediction involving MDA (Multiple Discrimination Analysis).
Quantitative proteomic analysis of nonsyndromic orofacial cleft patient serum

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The peer review history for this article is available at https://publons.com/publon/10.1111/odi.13947. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Esophageal, Gastroduodenal and Colorectal Stenting

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Stent placement plays an important role in the palliative management of patients with esophageal cancer, malignant gastric outlet obstruction and colorectal cancer. Moreover, stents are also increasingly used as bridge to surgery and in benign conditions. It can be technically challenging and sometimes carries risks. Therefore, proper training is important to ensure a good clinical outcome. Most trainees meet the minimum expectation to be able to place stents throughout the gastrointestinal tract. For successful stent placement training, certain prerequisites are expected of the trainers and the trainees. During training, the trainee must learn both the cognitive aspects and technical skills of stent placement. These technical skills include selection of endoscope, guidewire placement, dilation techniques and the decision when to dilate, stent characteristics and selection, and the decision when and how to remove stents that are placed for benign indications. To date, there is a lack of objective criteria to truly assess competency in stent placement, but the total number of procedures, i.e., at least ten esophageal stent placements and 10–15 gastroduodenal and colorectal stent placements can be used as a surrogate.
Efficient Data-specific Model Search for Collaborative Filtering

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Collaborative filtering (CF), as a fundamental approach for recommender systems, is usually built on the latent factor model with learnable parameters to predict users' preferences towards items. However, designing a proper CF model for a given data is not easy, since the properties of datasets are highly diverse. In this paper, motivated by the recent advances in automated machine learning (AutoML), we propose to design a data-specific CF model by AutoML techniques. The key here is a new framework that unifies state-of-the-art (SOTA) CF methods and splits them into disjoint stages of input encoding, embedding function, interaction function, and prediction function. We further develop an easy-to-use, robust, and efficient search strategy, which utilizes random search and a performance predictor for efficient searching within the above framework. In this way, we can combinatorially generalize data-specific CF models, which have not been visited in the literature, from SOTA ones. Extensive experiments on five real-world datasets demonstrate that our method can consistently outperform SOTA ones for various CF tasks. Further experiments verify the rationality of the proposed framework and the efficiency of the search strategy. The searched CF models can also provide insights for exploring more effective methods in the future.
TRANSFER OF MOMENTUM AND ENERGY IN AND ABOVE INFINITE SCREENHOUSES

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The trend in recent years towards ever larger greenhouses restricts ventilation by reducing the efficacy of the wall vents. The roof, therefore, becomes the only effective route for the transfer of momentum, heat and water vapour between the greenhouse and the atmosphere. In this study the limiting case of an infinite flat-roof screenhouse is analysed in terms of the mixing length methodology, assuming a one-dimensional quasi-adiabatic shear flow. A simple energy balance is used to partition net radiation into sensible and latent heat fluxes. The vertical energy fluxes are calculated with the same adiabatic turbulent transfer coefficient as momentum. The resulting temperature and humidity profiles in and above the screenhouse depend on atmospheric conditions, and on screen and crop properties. Realistic responses to changes in these conditions and properties are obtained. The mixing-length results may be used as benchmarks for solutions obtained by computational fluid dynamics, often used for ventilation studies.
Diversifying the genomic data science research community

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Over the past 20 years, the explosion of genomic data collection and the cloud computing revolution have made computational and data science research accessible to anyone with a web browser and an internet connection. However, students at institutions with limited resources have received relatively little exposure to curricula or professional development opportunities that lead to careers in genomic data science. To broaden participation in genomics research, the scientific community needs to support these programs in local education and research at underserved institutions (UIs). These include community colleges, historically Black colleges and universities, Hispanic-serving institutions, and tribal colleges and universities that support ethnically, racially, and socioeconomically underrepresented students in the United States. We have formed the Genomic Data Science Community Network to support students, faculty, and their networks to identify opportunities and broaden access to genomic data science. These opportunities include expanding access to infrastructure and data, providing UI faculty development opportunities, strengthening collaborations among faculty, recognizing UI teaching and research excellence, fostering student awareness, developing modular and open-source resources, expanding course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs), building curriculum, supporting student professional development and research, and removing financial barriers through funding programs and collaborator support.
Esports Associations and the Pursuit of Legitimacy: Evidence From Germany

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The dominant position of esports game publishers is a fundamental difference between the systemic governance of esports and traditional sports. There are no such equivalent organizations in traditional sports. As for-profit corporations, the publishers develop and market the electronic games as their commercial products and thus, possess exclusive property rights. Publishers control the virtual sporting environment and the rules of the game. In conventional sports, by contrast, non-profit associations administer their sports with the core task of developing the sport by regulations, playing rules, and licensing. There are, however, esports associations which resemble traditional leagues and national governing bodies. Given this, we explore how esports associations pursue legitimacy. This study is empirically motivated by the recent emergence of two esports associations in the insightful case of Germany and examines the pursuit of legitimacy by the World Esports Association (WESA) and the eSport-Bund Deutschland e.V. (ESBD). The study is based on a content analysis of 55 documents and nine interviews with relevant stakeholders. The findings show that the esports associations rely on conformance and manipulation strategies by transferring existing structures from traditional sports to esports. The most effective practices are lobbying for social and public acceptance of esports and creating supportive networks for esports development. While publishers possess an undisputed and taken-for-granted legitimacy based on their product property rights, esports associations struggle for recognition and acceptance. They may still have a long way to go, given that established associations in conventional sports have a history for decades. Yet, esports associations need to accept publisher dominance. Thus, they can only claim partial legitimacy within the esports ecosystem by targeting segments of stakeholders. Management, policy and theoretical implications of this key insight are finally presented.
[C-reactive protein in cardiovascular risk evaluation].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Inflammation plays a central role in the initiation, progression and destabilization of atheroma. In an attempt to improve global cardiovascular risk assessment considerable research has focused on inflammatory markers, particularly high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). It has been reported that hs-CRP levels more than 3 mg/L identify increased risk of initial cardiovascular events in healthy individuals and also increased risk of adverse events in patients with stable and unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction, and in patients undergoing coronary revascularization procedures. Furthermore, several pharmacologic (eg. aspirin, statins, tienopiridins) and lifestyle interventions (eg. weight loss, smoking cessation, regular exercise) known to reduce cardiovascular events rates have also been shown to lower levels of hs-CRP. Therefore, hs-CRP levels may also prove useful in targeting therapy for primary and secondary prevention. This review discusses the role of hs-CRP in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its application in every day clinical practice, including the role of hs-CRP in identification of high-risk individuals, monitoring of the coronary artery disease activity, and assessment of therapeutic effect on the inflamatory component of the cardiovascular process.
Patients are failing to get new drugs even when approved by NICE, industry chief says

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The “social contract” between the NHS and the drug industry was breaking down, the director general of the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry, Stephen Whitehead, warned on Thursday 8 November.

Traditionally, he claimed, the risks taken by the industry in developing new drugs were rewarded by sales to the NHS, which generated the funds for further investment in drug development. But today, he said, NHS patients were not getting new drugs, even those approved as cost effective by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence.

“I have a strong and increasingly frustrated view that the model of healthcare is broken,” he said. “I am concerned and I am frightened that our deal—we discover medicines and get them to patients—is broken. This matters.

“We discover, we develop, we partner, and we launch great medicines: a recent prix Galien winner for constipation that was approved by NICE and saves thousands in referrals yet is reaching pathetic levels of uptake; the new superb breakthroughs in hepatitis C that transform lives but are dwindling, awaiting orders, whilst agonising interferon continues to be used; new anticoagulants to replace toxic …
Intelligent control of LED light

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With the rapid advancements in technology, many things can be made simple and convenient for human beings. In the past, humans have dreamt of a house that is fully automated. In the recent years, the dream is realized by implementing these ideas with technology. Therefore, with the demand for these automated systems, the supply for them naturally increases. In general, a manual control lighting system normally consists of a simple switch or a couple of switches and a knob to control its brightness. In addition, the advantage of having a small scale manual control lighting system is its low cost. However, if a small scale control system were to be expanded into a large-scale control system, it would no longer be cost effective. Also, for a manual lighting system, one has to control the lights by turning on and off the switches. When the lights are not turned off, it would be a huge wastage of electricity will it will ultimately increase the amount of energy consumption every month. Furthermore, the brighter the light intensity, the more energy would be wasted in the process. Therefore, an intelligent lighting system would prove to be more useful and convenient in the modern world compared to a manual control lighting system. The intelligent lighting system in this project is capable of performing of a couple of functions. It is able to count the number of people in the room, allows users to control the LED light by waving their hands and finally, turn LED lights, fans or air condition on/off by using a voice recognition system. Lastly, compared to a manual control lighting system, the intelligent lighting system is able to conserve more energy and most importantly, everything in the system is automatic.
Verapamil antagonizes forearm vasoconstriction mediated by selective alpha 1- and alpha 2-agonists in hypertensive patients.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Calcium channel blocking agents preferentially antagonize alpha 2-mediated pressor responses in various animal species. Whether the same happens in man is not clear. For this reason we studied the interference exerted by verapamil, a calcium entry blocker, on forearm vasoconstriction mediated by selective alpha 1- (methoxamine) and alpha 2- (B-HT 933) adrenergic agonists in untreated mild-to-moderately hypertensive patients (n = 22). Each patient underwent a single study. Forearm blood flow was recorded by strain gauge venous plethysmography; all drugs were infused into the brachial artery at systemically ineffective rates. Cumulative dose-response curves to intra-arterial methoxamine or B-HT 933 were obtained during saline or two different rates of verapamil infusion (0.9 and 3.1 micrograms/100 ml forearm tissue per min) which increased forearm blood flow dose-dependently without changing systemic blood pressure or heart rate. Either methoxamine or B-HT 933 decreased forearm blood flow during saline infusion, but their effect was blunted in a dose-dependent manner during verapamil. No evidence of preferential alpha 2-antagonism was present. At variance with animal data, calcium entry blockade by verapamil antagonizes either alpha 1- or alpha 2-mediated vasoconstriction in human forearm vessels.
Total ankle arthroplasty incision management: What Matters? A systematic review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Modern advancements in total ankle arthroplasty techniques and implants have increased their popularity as treatment for ankle osteoarthritis. The preeminent approach for ankle replacement involves an anterior incision. However, wound complications with this approach provide a persistent challenge to surgeons. The present study was conducted to synthesize current data on ankle replacement wound complications via an anterior approach. A systematic review was completed including studies published from 1993 to present that employed an anterior approach and had precise criteria for wound healing and revisions. Twenty-nine studies, with level 3 to 4 evidence and moderate to serious bias, were included for a total of 6,986 ankle arthroplasties. The rate of wound healing without any complication was 90.38 %. Minor dehiscence occurred in 6.00 % of cases, while major wounds or infections occurred in 3.62 %. Across 2,966 implants, the rate of major wounds or infections decreased from 7.03 % before 2013 to 4.75 % after 2013 (p = 0.034). Limited comparisons involving simple suture closure to various adjunct wound management techniques including negative pressure wound therapy, 2-octyl cyanoacrylate, platelet-rich plasma, dehydrated human amniotic membrane allograft, non-invasive skin expansion strips, compression wound dressings, tranexamic acid, surgical helmets, tourniquets, ankle arthrodesis, and lateral approach ankle arthroplasty, yielded non-significant differences (p > 0.18). Therefore, contemporary techniques, patient selection, and current implants may be leading to better soft tissue healing. As ankle replacement continues to surge in popularity, further research is needed to evaluate causative factors in successful anterior incision healing. Level of Clinical Evidence: 3
Trade Openness and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from Central and Eastern Europe

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Using a composite trade share measure of trade openness, we examined the effects of trade openness on carbon dioxide emission for a sample of 17 Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries over the period 1994 to 2014. We found that high trade openness is associated with low carbon emission in the long run. When compared with the simple measure of trade openness (i.e. total trade as a percentage of GDP), the composite measure indicates that the effect of openness on carbon emission in the long run is smaller in absolute terms. Moreover, while high openness is associated with high emission in the short run using the simple measure, this association is non-existent when using the composite measure. These findings are robust to two historically closed economies and the recent Global Financial Crisis. When testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis using the composite measure, we found evidence in support of this in the long run. This finding connotes that high openness is associated with low emission in the long run, but up to a certain level of openness. That is, there is a turning point for openness beyond which further openness may spur high emission. Overall, our findings clearly suggest, to a large extent, that the measure of trade openness matters.
Effects of carbon sources and amines on induction of trichothecene production byFusarium asiaticumin liquid culture

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Fusarium asiaticum infects cereal crops and produces trichothecenes such as deoxynivalenol and nivalenol. To determine the trichothecene induction mechanism, effects of carbon sources on the production of deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, 3-acetyl deoxynivalenol (3ADON), and 4-acetyl nivalenol (4ANIV) were examined in liquid cultures incubated with various strains. Sucrose supported significantly higher levels of acetylated trichothecene production in all strains than did the other carbon sources. Structural isomers of sucrose did not induce trichothecene production. The inducing effect of sucrose on trichothecene production was lost after the carbon source in the culture medium changed from sucrose to maltose in the process of incubation. Tri4 and Tri5 expressions were specifically up-regulated in the sucrose-containing medium and down-regulated with sucrose exhaustion. These findings suggest that F. asiaticum recognizes sucrose molecules and regulates Tri gene expression and trichothecene production. Moreover, an accelerating effect on trichothecene production by acidification of the culture medium containing specific amines during fungal incubation was exhibited only in the presence of sucrose in the medium. F. asiaticum induces trichothecene production in the presence of sucrose and accelerates the production when the medium containing specific amines is acidified during incubation.
Assessing the Impact of Bank Liquidity on the Performance of Banks in Ghana

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The ability of banks to perform their core role effectively depends largely on liquidity. In this study, the main objective is to examine the impact of bank liquidity on the performance of banks in Ghana. The study used both regression (pooled regression) and descriptive methods. The main findings indicate that liquidity has a positive impact on the performance of the bank. Further, interest income, efficiency of management staff as bank-specific factors promote liquidity of the banks. For macroeconomic variables, exchange rate volatility showed a significant inverse effect on the liquidity. As policy implication, management should adopt best liquidity management practices and a more efficient and advanced approaches to improve efficiency. This can be achieved by taking advantage of the revolution in Information Telecommunication (IT) and the mobile telecommunication industry. Also, the banks should reduce their concentration of loans and diversified to other less risky but attractive areas such as investment into government securities.
Optical &#x201C;NOT&#x201D; Operation in an Organic Film Device Combining OLED and Current Photo-controllable Organic Film

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

An organic multi-layered optical logic device for two-dimensional optical computing which can perform ‘NOT’ operation, was successfully demonstrated in the light transducer composed of a high-gain organic photoresponsive heterojunction between copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) and perylene pigment (Me-PTC) layers and an organic electroluminescent (EL) diode. EL output by the irradiation of red light exciting CuPc was effectively erased upon the superimposed irradiation of blue light exciting Me-PTC because of the effective suppression of multiplied photo-current reaching 104-fold at the CuPc/Me-PTC heterojunction. When a spatial pattern image was used for the superimposed blue light, EL output was erased as patterned with a high spatial resolution smaller than 280 μm.
Hidden action, identification and organisation design

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Incentives often fail in inducing economic agents to engage in a desirable activity; implementability is restricted. What restricts implementability? When does re-organization help to overcome this restriction? This paper shows that any restriction of implementability is caused by an identification problem. It also describes organizations that can solve this identfication problem and provides conditions under which such organisations exist. Applying the findings to established and new moral hazard models yields insights into optimal organization design, uncovers the reason why certain organization designs, such as advocacy or specialization, overcome restricted implementability, and formalizes a widespread type of multi-tasking problem.
Real-Time Rendering under Dynamic Environment Lighting

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Dynamic environment lighting has been increasing in real-time graphics applications, such as 3D games and virtual environment applications because of its better realism compared to the traditional lights. However, rendering under dynamic environment lighting is sophisticated due to a complex hemispherical space integral operation. Spherical harmonics are used to illuminate diffuse surface in real-time. Screen space ambient occlusion is adopted to approximate soft shadows due to occlusion. Results show that the whole process can run in real-time with little precomputation.