jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Data from Inhibition of Interleukin-6 Signaling with CNTO 328 Enhances the Activity of Bortezomib in Preclinical Models of Multiple Myeloma

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> Inhibition of the proteasome leads to the activation of survival pathways in addition to those that promote cell death. We hypothesized that down-regulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling using the monoclonal antibody CNTO 328 would enhance the antitumor activity of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in multiple myeloma by attenuating inducible chemoresistance.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> The cytotoxicity of bortezomib, CNTO 328, and the combination, along with the associated molecular changes, was assessed in IL-6–dependent and IL-6–independent multiple myeloma cell lines, both in suspension and in the presence of bone marrow stromal cells and in patient-derived myeloma samples.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Treatment of IL-6–dependent and IL-6–independent multiple myeloma cell lines with CNTO 328 enhanced the cytotoxicity of bortezomib in a sequence-dependent fashion. This effect was additive to synergistic and was preserved in the presence of bone marrow stromal cells and in CD138<sup>+</sup> myeloma samples derived from patients with relative clinical resistance to bortezomib. CNTO 328 potentiated bortezomib-mediated activation of caspase-8 and caspase-9 and the common downstream effector caspase-3; attenuated bortezomib-mediated induction of antiapoptotic heat shock protein-70, which correlated with down-regulation of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-1; and inhibited bortezomib-mediated accumulation of myeloid cell leukemia-1, an effect that was associated with down-regulation of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Taken together, our results provide a strong preclinical rationale for the clinical development of the bortezomib/CNTO 328 combination for patients with myeloma.</p></div>
Which work-related characteristics are most strongly associated with common mental disorders? A cross-sectional study

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Objectives Studies exploring work-related risk factors of common mental disorders (CMDs), such as major depressive disorder (MDD), generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) or alcohol abuse, have generally focused on a limited set of work characteristics. For the first time in a primary care setting, we examine simultaneously multiple work-related risk factors in relation to CMDs. Method We use data from a study of working individuals recruited among 2027 patients of 121 general practitioners (GPs) representative of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region in the North of France (April–August 2014). CMDs (MDD; GAD; alcohol abuse) were assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Six worked-related factors were examined (work intensity, emotional demands, autonomy, social relations at work, conflict in values and job insecurity). Several covariates were considered (patient, GP and contextual characteristics). To study the association between workplace risk factors and CMDs, we used multilevel Poisson regression models adjusted for covariates. Results Among study participants, 389 (19.1%) met criteria for MDD, 522 (25.8%) for GAD and 196 (9.7%) for alcohol abuse. In multivariable analyses adjusted for covariates, MDD/GAD was significantly associated with work intensity (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.27) (absolute risk=52.8%), emotional demands (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.35) (absolute risk=54.9%) and social relations at work (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.87) (absolute risk=15.0%); alcohol abuse was associated with social relations at work (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.53) (absolute risk=7.6%) and autonomy (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.99) (absolute risk=8.9%). Conclusions Several workplace factors are associated with CMDs among working individuals seen by a GP. These findings confirm the role of organisational characteristics of work as a correlate of psychological difficulties above and beyond other sources of risk.
Research on the Practice and Optimization of Macau Urban Bus Priority Policy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The policy of "bus priority" solves the problem of urban residents' travel and is an important part of urban construction. This paper analyzes the research progress and implementation of "bus priority" at the current stage in China and the problems existing in the current situation of urban trans-portation in the practice of "bus priority" in Macau through literature analysis. The results show that although large cities in China have better implemented the "bus priority" policy, there are large differences among cities, the coverage is small, most small cities have less literature, and the in-vestment in research and construction is insufficient. At this stage, people pay more attention to the punctuality, convenience, benefit and convenience of public transport. The author provides some feasible reference suggestions for the future development environment, infrastructure construction, social value and economic level of "bus priority" in Macau.
Operating cost calculation methodology for hovercraft used in social regional transportation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The article proposes a methodical approach to determine operating costs for a hovercraft. The presented method differs by taking into account the peculiarities of operating hovercraft during the round year. In this case, the methodology allows you to determine operating costs separately for navigation (summer) and internavigation (winter) periods. The article tested the methodology using the example of intracity and suburban routes of the Nizhny Novgorod transport hub. The calculation results were also approximated, the use of which for specific routes will make it possible to quickly find the value of the cost of passenger transportation and the passenger's fare depending on it. The conclusion defines the scope of application of the proposed methodological approach when justifying the costs and size of tariffs for passenger transportation on suburban and intra-city lines, as well as for determining the areas of use and competitiveness of hovercraft compared to other modes of transport.
Keep It Flexible: Driving Macromolecular Rotary Motions in Atomistic Simulations with GROMACS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We describe a versatile method to enforce the rotation of subsets of atoms, e.g., a protein subunit, in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In particular, we introduce a "flexible axis" technique that allows realistic flexible adaptions of both the rotary subunit as well as the local rotation axis during the simulation. A variety of useful rotation potentials were implemented for the GROMACS 4.5 MD package. Application to the molecular motor F(1)-ATP synthase demonstrates the advantages of the flexible axis approach over the established fixed axis rotation technique.
Comparing the neural basis of decision making in social dilemmas of people with different social value orientations, a fMRI study.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Using functional MRI, we investigate the neural correlates of intrinsic versus extrinsic motivation to cooperate by comparing people who differ in the personality trait Social Value Orientation. Participants (n 28) played several one-shot prisoner’s dilemma games (offering weak cooperative incentives) and coordination games (offering strong cooperative incentives) with anonymous partners while they were under the scanner. Behavioral results indicate that proself individuals adjust their behavior toward more cooperation when extrinsic incentives were present, while prosocials’ decisions are not affected by game context. The neurological data is consistent with a priori developed hypotheses regarding different behavioral strategies, and suggest that extrinsically motivated proself strategies are driven by calculation and a situation-by-situation approach. Increased activation was found in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS), and precuneus. Intrinsically motivated prosocials’ strategies reflect norm compliance, routine moral judgment, and social awareness. Increased activation was found in lateral orbitofrontal cortex, anterior STS, and inferior parietal lobule.
Delimiting knowledge transfer from training

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to deepen the understanding of how and to whom knowledge is transferred from training to practice. Design/methodology/approach Through recognising the interrelationship between knowledge, social network structure, and relational trust, social network methodology is applied to examine the importance of farmers' social networks in the process of knowledge transfer after engaging in learning through vocational training. The paper shows a synthesis of knowledge, social network structure and trust in relationships provides the basis for a tripartite model of knowledge transfer for which data was collected by conducting in‐depth interviews. Using social network analysis this data maps the personal business networks of individuals that have participated in training explicitly detailing to whom knowledge has been transferred. Findings The paper finds that farmers combine training with their tacit knowledge and through discussions with their family, and in some cases with professional contacts, new knowledge initiates various degrees of change within businesses. The familial, social and emotion attributes of business relations may determine the extent that knowledge is transferred in to practice. Research limitations/implications Creating a snapshot of knowledge transfer provides valuable insights into the flows of information within a business and how training is deployed. Furthermore, it provides pointers that to improve the injections of knowledge into small land‐based businesses requires more focussed intervention than is currently emphasised on programme based support schemes. Originality/value The paper shows that applying social network analysis to small agricultural businesses to examine knowledge transfer is in itself innovative, particularly as the research draws upon a peer‐group of businesses enabling some comparisons to be made.
Nationalism Values of Characters in Nh. Dini’s Novels

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Nationalism values from the attitude of the majority of young people today have declined. Therefore, nationalism is one of the values in strengthening character education which has been intensified so far by the government. This study aimed to describe the nationalism values contained in Nh. Dini’s novels. The data in this study were three novels by Nh. Dini entitled Jepun Negerinya Hiroko (Japan is Hiroko’s Country), Pada Sebuah Kapal (On A Ship), and Keberangkatan (Departure). Purposive sampling was used in this study as the sampling technique. The data collection technique used was documentation. The data were analysed using the interactive analysis technique. The result obtained from this study is the existence of nationalism in the forms of love for the homeland, willingness to sacrifice, and preserving the richness of the nation’s cultures in the three novels of Nh. Dini.
Hsp70 in combination with IL-15 and PD-1 blocker interferes induction of cytotoxic NK cells in patients with relapsed acute myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Natural killer cells are critical immune cells for AML targeting. However, little is known about the relationship between using checkpoint inhibitors and Hsp70 as NK cell activators and later immune responses to control AML. We aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of NK cells pre-treated with ex-vivo Hsp70, human PD-1 blocker, and IL-15. Procedure: The NK cells were isolated from patients-derived MNCs using MACS and activated using the different combinations of Hsp70, PD-1 blocker, and IL-15. Then their killing potential and the expression pattern of PRF-1 , PIK3CB , PD-1 , AKT-1 , FAS-L , TRAIL , and GER A & B were estimated. Results: Our data revealed that the PD-1 expression was significantly reduced after NK cell activation with the different formulas of NK cell activators. Also, the expression of NKG2A was reduced, particularly in the IL-15 and IL-15 + PD-1 blocker treated groups, and adding the Hsp70 increased its expression. Moreover, the cytotoxic effect of NK cells increased in all groups, especially in IL-15 + PD-1 blocker group, in parallel with increasing in IFN-γ releasing, Granzymes, and perforin expression. All changes in IL-15 + PD-1 blocker groups were associated with the up-regulation of PIK3CB and AKT-1 as key factors of NK cell activation. The presence of Hsp70 reduced IFN-γ releasing and down-regulation of PIK3CB, AKT-1, Granzymes, and perforin . Conclusions: We suggested that combining IL-15 and PD-1 blockers could enhance the killing potential of AML-NK cells. Moreover, Hsp70, in combination with IL-15 and PD-1 blocker, interferes activation of AML-NK cells through unknown mechanisms.
A Coherent Sources Distinguish Method of Circular Array

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The conventional spatial smoothing algorithm has low array aperture utilization and complex calculation process. And it's smoothing frequency is limited by the number of array sensors and sources. The shift smoothing coherence resolution algorithm of spatial coherence source DOA estimation has much higher spectrum resolution because it has the same effective aperture as the conventional spatial smoothing algorithm. The results indicate that Shift-Smoothing algorithm has higher spectrum resolution and better decorrelative.
IgG Fc variant cross-reactivity between human and rhesus macaque FcγRs

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Non-human primate (NHP) studies are often an essential component of antibody development efforts before human trials. Because the efficacy or toxicity of candidate antibodies may depend on their interactions with Fcγ receptors (FcγR) and their resulting ability to induce FcγR-mediated effector functions such as antibody-dependent cell-meditated cytotoxicity and phagocytosis (ADCP), the evaluation of human IgG variants with modulated affinity toward human FcγR is becoming more prevalent in both infectious disease and oncology studies in NHP. Reliable translation of these results necessitates analysis of the cross-reactivity of these human Fc variants with NHP FcγR. We report evaluation of the binding affinities of a panel of human IgG subclasses, Fc amino acid point mutants and Fc glycosylation variants against the common allotypes of human and rhesus macaque FcγR by applying a high-throughput array-based surface plasmon resonance platform. The resulting data indicate that amino acid variation present in rhesus FcγRs can result in disrupted, matched, or even increased affinity of IgG Fc variants compared with human FcγR orthologs. These observations emphasize the importance of evaluating species cross-reactivity and developing an understanding of the potential limitations or suitability of representative in vitro and in vivo models before human clinical studies when either efficacy or toxicity may be associated with FcγR engagement.
Interactive Brain-Computer System for Assessing Binocular Rivalry and Amblyopia Based on VR

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Binocular rivalry (BR) is the competition of two eyes when shown with different patterns, which is regarded as a neurological symptom. Since the interocular suppression of BR is related to amblyopia and affects the development of visual function, it is essential to assess both BR and amblyopia. Conventional methods assessing the severity of neurological symptoms rely on chromatic aberration glasses or stereoscope to display BR patterns and stereoscopic objects. However, glasses and stereoscopes are hard to perform respectively and dynamically with 2D displays. In this paper, we adopt virtual reality (VR) as a proper display and interaction media for separated screens and dynamic stereoscopic vision to develop a BR assessing system. To promote the usability of interocular suppression measurement, we further apply steady-state visual-evoked potential (SSVEP) stimulus in VR head-mounted display (HMD) and integrate the stimuli into virtual environments due to the high information transfer rate and accessibility among brain-computer interface (BCI) of SSVEP. Sixteen (16) subjects took part in the experiment, through which the proposed system is effective for BR measurement and amblyopia rehabilitation and outperforms the conventional methods. The proposed method enjoys the benefit of personalized measurement for BR severity and the degree of amblyopia subjectively.
British Travellers in Holland During the Stuart Period: Edward Browne and John Locke As Tourists in the United Provinces

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The book is a comprehensive study of British travel in the United Provinces during the Stuart Period and largely based on journals and correspondence never before published. After a discussion of travel journals and correspondence as a literary genre with conventions of its own, the book focuses on the more concrete activities of the tourist: transport, accommodation and sightseeing. A large number of guidebooks provided the necessary information and helped the tourist to write his observations on Holland and the Dutch. Letters by Edward Browne (1644-1708), passages from the journal of John Locke (1632-1704) and the financial accounts of the third Earl of Orrery (1670-1703) take the reader through most of the provinces and give a first-hand impression of what travel was like for various categories of tourists in those days. This book is indispensable for all scholars of Anglo-Dutch relations in this period who are interested in learning about day to day experiences of Britons visiting Holland.
United Kingdom Law in the 1990s. Edited by J. P. Gardner. [London: United Kingdom National Committee of Comparative Law. 1990. xii + 384 pp. ISBN 0–904281–01–9. £25] - XIIIème Congrès Internationale de droit comparé. Rapports portugais. [Lisbon: Ministéro da Justiçia. 1990. 309 pp.] - Revue internationale de droit comparé, avril–juin 1990: Etudes de droit contemporain. [Paris: Société de Législation Comparé. 400 pp. ISSN 0035–337] - Netherlands Reports to the Thirteenth International Congress of Comparative Law. Edited by E. W. Hondius and G. J. W. Steenhoff. [The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Instituut. 503 pp. ISBN 90–6704–059–2] - Reports On German Public Law. Edited by R. Bernhardt and U. Beyerlin. [Heidelberg: C.F. Muller Verlag. x + 257 pp. ISBN 3–8114–5190–1]

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

United Kingdom Law in the 1990s. Edited by J. P. Gardner. [London: United Kingdom National Committee of Comparative Law. 1990. xii + 384 pp. ISBN 0–904281–01–9. £25] - XIIIème Congrès Internationale de droit comparé. Rapports portugais. [Lisbon: Ministéro da Justiçia. 1990. 309 pp.] - Revue internationale de droit comparé, avril–juin 1990: Etudes de droit contemporain. [Paris: Société de Législation Comparé. 400 pp. ISSN 0035–337] - Netherlands Reports to the Thirteenth International Congress of Comparative Law. Edited by E. W. Hondius and G. J. W. Steenhoff. [The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Instituut. 503 pp. ISBN 90–6704–059–2] - Reports On German Public Law. Edited by R. Bernhardt and U. Beyerlin. [Heidelberg: C.F. Muller Verlag. x + 257 pp. ISBN 3–8114–5190–1] - Volume 40 Issue 3
Cybersecurity and Risk Prediction Based on Machine Learning Algorithms

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper focuses on the application of machine learning in cybersecurity and risk prediction. Considering the complexity and dynamics of the cyber environment, the role of plain Bayesian algorithms in improving the accuracy of cybersecurity prediction is explored. First, the limitations of traditional linear regression machine learning algorithms in cybersecurity are analyzed, pointing out that it is difficult for these algorithms to capture complex nonlinear relationships. For this reason, plain Bayes is introduced to improve machine learning for more accurate prediction and assessment of cybersecurity risks by capturing functions and probabilistic agent models. In terms of methodology, this paper combines various technical tools such as statistical analysis, feature extraction, and risk assessment. The research results show that the improved algorithm outperforms the traditional method in simulation experiments, which is reflected in the 10% improvement in risk assessment accuracy and 20% enhancement of detection sensitivity to network intrusion. In addition, through big data analysis, the algorithm successfully identifies key risk points in network security and effectively predicts potential security threats. The improved machine learning algorithm with plain Bayes has significant advantages in network security and risk prediction and can effectively enhance network security protection capability and prediction accuracy.
Ultra-short-term analysis of heart rate variability for epileptic seizures prediction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Epilepsy affects over 50 million people worldwide, and it is characterized by seizures that, when uncontrolled, may cause serious injuries to patients and people around them. An important proportion of epileptic patients responds poorly to medication or does not receive adequate treatment, so a seizure prediction system could contribute to improving their quality of life. Current seizure prediction approaches are mainly based on the use of video-electroencephalography (EEG), which may be unrealistic for home and ambulatory monitoring. Since abnormal epileptic activity in the brain also can affect brain regions controlling autonomic activity, fluctuations in cardiac activity may reflect such anomalies. Previous studies report significant differences between time- and frequency-domain heart rate variability (HRV) measures calculated near and far from seizure onsets, thereby suggesting that HRV could be useful for predicting seizures. However, those differences were observed around 3-30 min before seizure onsets, thereby suggesting that patients have to wait for the same time before determining whether a seizure will occur or not. As an alternative approach, this work aims to examine the feasibility of using ultra-short-term HRV (i.e., 1-min ECG recordings) for seizure prediction. ECG recordings from seven epileptic patients were used, and time- and frequency-domain HRV measures were extracted from twenty 1-min length segments previous to seizures onset. RMSSD, SDNN/RMSSD, and LF mean values showed significant differences (p < 0.05) 1 minute before the seizure, which suggests that patients may have little time to ensure their safety. Future research endeavors may include exploring how suitable are non-linear HRV indexes as epileptic seizures predictors.
Traditions in Transition: Young People’s Risk for HIV in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Thailand is in the midst of a social and sexual transition that is affecting gender roles, sexual behavior, and, hence, risk for HIV. The continuation of past traditions, such as men having sex with commercial sex workers, coupled with an increasing acceptance of noncommercial premarital sex among young people, is fueling the AIDS epidemic. To examine young people’s potential risk for HIV, the author investigated their perspectives on sexual behavior and sexual networking, the continued acceptance of premarital sex with commercial sex workers, and perception of risk for HIV in Chiang Mai. This study suggests that a changing social environment and the response to the AIDS epidemic have resulted in new patterns of sexual behavior that might trigger the dissemination of HIV into a broader network.