jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Two new species of scorpions from the Arabian Peninsula belonging to the generaButheolusSimon andCompsobuthusVachon

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Two new species of scorpion belonging to the genera Butheolus Simon, 1882 and Compsobuthus Vachon, 1949 are described from the region of Khatan Al’Atash Ridge in the border area between the United Arab Emirates and Oman. Species of Compsobuthus have already been cited from UAE, but this is the first record of the genus Butheolus from this country. Key words: ScorpionButhidaeButheolusCompsobuthustaxonomyUnited Arab EmiratesOman
Retinol-Binding Protein 4 Activates STRA6 Provoking Pancreatic β Cell Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Pancreatic β cell dysfunction plays a decisive role in progression of type 2 diabetes. Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is a prominent adipokine in type 2 diabetes while its effect on β cell function remains elusive and the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we found that elevated circulating RBP4 levels were inversely correlated with pancreatic β cell function in db/db mice across different glycemic stages. RBP4 directly suppressed glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in primary isolated islets and INS-1E cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. RBP4-transgenic overexpressing mice (RBP4-Tg) showed a dynamic decrease of GSIS which appeared as early as 8-week-old preceding the impairment of insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Islets isolated from RBP4-Tg mice showed a significant decrease of GSIS. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that the stimulated by retinoic acid 6(STRA6), RBP4’s only known specific membrane receptor, is expressed in β cells and mediates the inhibitory effect of RBP4 on insulin synthesis via JAK2/STAT1/ISL-1 pathway. Moreover, decreasing circulating RBP4 level could effectively restore β cell dysfunction and ameliorate hyperglycemia in db/db mice. These observations revealed a role of RBP4 in pancreatic β cell dysfunction which provided new insight into the diabetogenic effect of RBP4.
LHD NB1arm #112888.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The neutral beam (NB) shine-through profile is routinely monitored on the Large Helical Device (LHD) both to calibrate the port-through power of the NB and to evaluate the NB-deposition power to LHD plasmas. The profile is measured with a calorimeter (CM) array on an armor plate of the NB counter wall inside the LHD vacuum vessel.
The growth and development of two pearl millet landraces as affected by intra-row spacing

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L). R. Br) is a crop grown in the semi-arid and dry lands of Africa and Southeast Asia (Baltensperger, 2002). The world s area planted to millet is about sixty five million hectares, with the major part in India and Africa (Nene and Singh, 1975). Pearl millet is the world s sixth most important cereal ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 9 (2014) pp. 505-515 http://www.ijcmas.com
Using Machine Learning to Improve Fire Safety of Timber Structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Fire safety and fire resistance studies are a vital part of construction. Most conventional fire safety analyses require a combination of computational and experimental methods, making them time-consuming, technically challenging, and financially expensive. By comparison, artificial intelligence-based methods can be computationally more straightforward and more time-efficient, with the added benefit of performing simulation-based tests. This paper focuses on the use of machine learning methods to enhance the understanding and analysis of timber structures in fire. Important works in the field of fire safety and fire resistance for timber structures using artificial intelligence methods are reviewed. The works presented emphasize the importance and accuracy of artificial intelligence and machine learning-based methods in this field.
Fault Classification Approach for Grid‐Tied Photovoltaic Plant

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This chapter provides detailed information about the functioning of grid-tied solar photovoltaic (PV) plants, and identifies the faults which can be potential hurdle in achieving high yield and develop a fault classification (FC) mechanism for timely indication of the fault alarm. A brief overview of solar power plants in order to discuss the major components and their significance in a power plant. Solar power plants are generally categorized under two broad categories, solar PV power plants and concentrated solar thermal power plants. There are three common topologies which are used while installing a PV power plant. The topologies form standalone PV plants, bi-modal PV plants, and grid-connected PV plants. The chapter discusses the modeling and simulation of PV power plant based on an actually operational solar power plant which acts as a reference for testing of the proposed FC algorithm.
Attention Please! A Hybrid Resource Recommender Mimicking Attention-Interpretation Dynamics

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Classic resource recommenders like Collaborative Filtering (CF) treat users as being just another entity, neglecting non-linear user-resource dynamics shaping attention and interpretation. In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid recommendation strategy that refines CF by capturing these dynamics. The evaluation results reveal that our approach substantially improves CF and, depending on the dataset, successfully competes with a computationally much more expensive Matrix Factorization variant.
Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity in carcinogen-induced epithelial lesions of rat kidney.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A marked decrease of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity in rat renal cell neoplasms and preneoplastic tubular lesions induced by exposure to carcinogens was demonstrated. The data suggest that rat renal cell tumorigenesis might require a transformation to fetal characteristics in enzymatic activity such as is found in rat liver cell tumorigenesis, although the nature of the change in activity is quite different. The findings also suggest that persistence of weak gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity of renal tubular cells during tumorigenesis may provide a useful histoenzymatic marker and indicate a biological reversion of the membrane function during the process of renal cell tumorigenesis.
Trying to Get Home

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

From The Bluest Eye to Home, Toni Morrison’s novels take up the subjects of place and displacement, home and homelessness, belonging and exile, memory and loss. Readers are always invited to bring whatever knowledge they have to the scene. Morrison’s later novels evoke places that are described with verisimilitude yet inscribe spiritual cartographies (as in Paradise), and maps of places at once alluring and evanescent. In these places readers are forced to confront what Morrison calls “vulnerable humanity,” the selves that exist in her fiction beneath ideologies of race, selves that could exist in the world if readers summoned her domesticated race-free paradise into being. Although the essay draws its illustrations from a range of novels, it focuses on The Bluest Eye and Home. One rule, however, is consistent: if the scene is to come alive, readers are compelled to make their own imaginative acts in response to the worlds that the text creates. (151 words)
Diet only and diet plus simvastatin in the treatment of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in childhood.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study was a 1-year clinical study on 16 (7 males and 9 females) pediatric patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia treated with hypocholesterolemic diet only, or with diet plus drug (simvastatin 10 mg/day). According to the study protocol, the children were submitted to a 3-month washout (free diet). Then they were given a diet (American Heart Association, step 2) for 6 months. After 6 months they were divided into two groups matched for sex, age and body mass index (BMI). Diet only was given to group A (n = 8); simvastatin (10 mg/daily) was given to group B, for 1 year. All patients were examined at baseline, and monitored for safety during the study by pediatricians. All patients were submitted to noninvasive cardiovascular examinations (exercise electrocardiogram, echocardiography). After 12 months of treatment with simvastatin, total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) showed a statistically significant reduction (group B). The decrease of TC and LDLC in patients on diet only was 4% and 3% (all) and 17% and 4% (group A) after 6 and 12 months, respectively.
Forward and Backward Continuation Ratio Models for Ordinal Response Variables

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

There are different types of continuation ratio (CR) models for ordinal response variables. The different model equations, corresponding parameterizations, and nonequivalent results are confusing. The purpose of this study is to introduce different types of forward and backward CR models, demonstrate how to implement these models using Stata, and compare the results using data from the Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002 (ELS:2002).
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 129741 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is one of (Geranium columbinum L.)", "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "OccurrenceStatus is Present" ] } The dataset includes 129741 records from 1591 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0007842-250227182400228/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Abdominal Fat and Percentage Water as Predictors of Body-Fat in Adult Maned Duck, Chenonetta-Jubata

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We derived 10 best fit regression equations for estimating body fat mass in maned duck carcasses. Body fat can be estimated from abdominal fat mass (females, R*2=0.86; males, R*2=0.81), percentage water (combined sexes, R2=0.83), and the Child-Marshall index (combined sexes, R*2=0.91). We recommend that body fat be estimated by the Child-Marshall equation where carcasses can be dried, and by abdominal fat equations otherwise.
applications of sonography in head and neck pathology j. n. bruneton, c. raffaelli, o. dassonville (eds) springer verlag; isbn 3 540 65498 4; 2002; 329 pages; hardback; £118.00

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

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Working lives: photographs by John Darwell and from the Stockport Museum Archive

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

An exploration of the many clothing industries working in and around Manchester, England. The images concentrate on the traditional and endangered areas of hatting, clog making and leather tanneries, capturing not only the startling 'Dickensian' environments but also the people who spend their working lives using processes that have essentially remained unaltered for the last one hundred years. Since this work was completed the majority of the locations visited have subsequently closed down.
Effect of SiCpcontent on cooling curve characteristics and solidification kinetics of Al-Si/SiCpcast composites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The purpose of this work was to explore the effect of the presence of different quantities of SiCp on the cooling curve characteristics, latent heat released and solidification kinetics, associated with the cooling and solidification of Al-Si/SiCp composites produced by the stir casting process. An increase in SiCp content in A356/SiCp metal matrix composites produces a shortening of the associated cooling curve and an increase in the eutectic growth temperature with respect to the monolithic metal matrix alloy, cooled under the same experimental conditions. The shortening of the cooling curves could be explained as a result of the measured decrease in the amount of latent heat released during solidification. The increase in the maximum eutectic growth temperature is apparently due to the nucleation of eutectic silicon by SiCp and also to the change in the growth kinetics and morphology of the eutectic Si from fibrous to platelike. IJCMR/422
Holothuria (Selenkothuria) parvispinea Massin, 2013, sp. nov.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Holothuria (Selenkothuria) parvispinea sp. nov. Fig. 1 A–L, fig. 2A–B; fig. 3A–E Description Body cylindrical, 110 mm long and 11 mm width on its all length (fig. 2 A, B). Colour in alcohol brown dorsally and ventrally. Ventrally, numerous white tube feet; dorsally tube feet brown to beige (fig. 2A); tentacles yellowish. Mouth ventral; anus terminal; mouth surrounded by at least 16 short, peltate tentacles; anus surrounded by numerous papillae with white tip. Ventral tube feet densely crowded (fig. 2B), large, conical at the base and cylindrical at the top. Dorsal tube feet less numerous than ventral ones but present all over the bivium. Skin smooth to the touch, 1 mm thick. Calcareous ring with large quadrangular radial pieces (fig. 3A); interradial pieces narrower with an anterior median spine. Tentacle vesicles 2.5 to 5.2 mm long. Three Polian vesicles 2.4 to 3.2 mm long. Stone canal not observed. Longitudinal muscles large, bifid, cylindrical. Holotype being eviscerated, no information on the digestive tract, gonad and Cuvierian organ. Ossicles: in the body wall and the tube feet, as well dorsally than ventrally, rods only (fig. 3B–C). Dorsally the rods are 70–110 µm long with smooth edges and with few terminal perforations (fig. 3 B). Some rods with small spines along the edges. End plate of dorsal tube feet around 400 µm across. Ventrally, the rods are 65–140 µm long (fig. 3C), similar to the ventral ones. Rods with spines on the edges rare. End plates 400–450 µm across, in single pieces. Tentacles with smooth rods, although with spiny extremities (fig. 3D), 120–230 µm long. Ossicles in longitudinal muscles missing but present in retractor muscles of cloaca (fig. 3E). These rods, 50–100 µm long, are smooth some with perforated extremities (fig. 3E) Etymology. parvispinea means “with small spines “. It refers to the rods with small spines on the edges or no spines at all.
Transient Thermal Expansion of a Protein in Solution after Photo-Excitation of the Chromophore: Deoxymyoglobin

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The energy releasing process from a photo-excited chromophore embedded in a protein structure to the surrounding protein matrix and to the solvent is studied for deoxymyoglobin by the acoustic peak delay method with the transient grating technique. The acoustic peak delay time is usually a good indicator of the solvent heating time by the nonradiative transition after the photoexcitation and should be a positive value. However, the peak delay after the photoexcitation of deoxymyoglobin was found to be −15 ps. The observed negative peak delay was interpreted in terms of interference between two acoustic waves: an acoustic wave due to the thermal expansion of the protein and a wave of the medium. A theoretical calculation suggests that most of the energy of the heme is first transferred to the protein part and subsequently dissipates into the solvent. During this energy-releasing process, the protein experiences the transient thermal expansion and it creates an acoustic wave.
Algorithms for determining equilibrium points in 2V-stage voting games

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Voting schemes are expressed as AT-person, single or multistage games in extensive form with ordinal preferences. Some of the voters can be indifferent to certain outcomes. A majority rule with tie breaking is used. The voting schemes are labelled as binary or non-binary depending on whether the number of alternatives in every ballot is two or more than two. The voters are not allowed to consult one another before arriving at the result. In this paper, first secret ballot voting schemes are considered and then open sequential ballot voting schemes are investigated. Initially the concepts used in game theory such as admissibility, equilibrium, etc. are related to voting problems. The principle of optimality for voting problems is proved. An algorithm for determining all the Nash equilibrium values with the voters restricting themselves to admissible strategies is derived. In N -stage binary games with strict preferences there is a unique Nash value which can be realized if a majority of voters vote according to the Nash strategy. In.N-stage non-binary games, there may be many Nash values. But sometimes, among these, there exists one Nash value which is favourable to a majority of voters and this majority can force this outcome regardless of the actions of the other voters. Finally the Nash equilibrium strategies derived here have the important property that if the voters vote according to a Nash strategy, then they obtain an outcome which is often more favourable to the majority than an outcome obtained by other game strategies such as the straightforward strategies. It is seldom that the Nash strategy will yield an outcome which is the least preferred outcome for any majority of voters. The important result in the case of open ballot voting schemes is that as long as all the voters have strong preferences, there is a pure admissible strategy for each voter leading to the unique Nash equilibrium point of the game. Also considered is the possibility of using the option of ‘ passing ’, i.e. postponing one's voting until all others have voted, to strategic advantage. Finally some comments are made on the question of whether additional information for a voter is always helpful.
Recent development in the multiphysical analysis and design of energy piles

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study proposes an analysis of the multiphysical phenomena governing the thermo-mechanical behaviour of energy piles. The analysis is based on the results of a series of full-scale in-situ tests, laboratory experiments and numerical analyses. First, the thermo-mechanical behaviour of energy piles is considered. Attention is given to both single and groups of energy piles. Next, the response of soils and concrete-soil interfaces subjected to temperature changes is reviewed. The behaviours of clayey soils in different overconsolidation states as well as of both concrete-sand and concrete-clay interfaces are analysed. Finally, aspects considered of paramount importance for the analysis and design (e.g., geotechnical and structural) of energy piles are presented. Both floating and end-bearing energy piles are investigated. The goal of this paper is to increase the confidence of civil engineers on the performance of energy piles.
Civil society organisations' contribution to the anti-corruption movement in Indonesia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Soeharto era concern about corruption was deflected by the establishment of toothless anti-corruption committees, and by suppression of anti-corruption activism and media comment. With Soeharto's demise, activists began to publicise their concerns more openly - at first speaking in general terms, but later making increasingly specific allegations. The sporadic activism of the Soeharto years was consolidated, first through cooperative action among similarly motivated informal groups, and later through establishment of formal civil society organisations (CSOs) intent on rolling back corruption. The CSOs have played a key role in pushing for newlaws and institutions to help eradicate corruption, and many corrupt officials have been imprisoned. This paper finds little evidence, however, that corruption has declined significantly. It argues that further progress depends on CSOs gaining a better understanding of the underlying causes of corruption, and that these are to be found in public sector personnel management practices.
DC Transformer with Series-Connected Power Devices Based on Active Clamp Balancing Circuit

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper reports a DC transformer (DCT) with series-connected power devices. The series-connected power devices are balanced using an active clamp method. Each power device is paralleled with an active clamping module (ACM), consisting of only one active clamping capacitor and one auxiliary switch (S a ). The voltage of power device is clamped to the clamping capacitor, as long as the clamping capacitor voltages are balanced, the turn-OFF voltages of the main devices can be shared equally. ACM does not affect the normal operation of main device, and only causes minimal loss. Experimental tests under different operating conditions show the effectiveness of the voltage balancing method. With less than 3% voltage imbalance degree, series-connected power devices can achieve both dynamic and static voltage sharing. At 3kV input, the peak efficiency of the prototype can reach 98.4%.
Plumbagin, a Medicinal Plant–Derived Naphthoquinone, Is a Novel Inhibitor of the Growth and Invasion of Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Hormone-refractory invasive PCa is the end stage and accounts for the majority of PCa patient deaths. We present here that plumbagin (PL), a quinoid constituent isolated from the root of the medicinal plant Plumbago zeylanica L., may be a potential novel agent in the control of hormone-refractory PCa. Specific observations are the findings that PL inhibited PCa cell invasion and selectively induced apoptosis in PCa cells but not in immortalized nontumorigenic prostate epithelial RWPE-1 cells. In addition, i.p. administration of PL (2 mg/kg body weight), beginning 3 days after ectopic implantation of hormone-refractory DU145 PCa cells, delayed tumor growth by 3 weeks and reduced both tumor weight and volume by 90%. Discontinuation of PL treatment in PL-treated mice for as long as 4 weeks did not result in progression of tumor growth. PL, at concentrations as low as 5 μmol/L, inhibited in both cultured PCa cells and DU145 xenografts (a) the expression of protein kinase Cε (PKCε), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, phosphorylated AKT, phosphorylated Janus-activated kinase-2, and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3); (b) the DNA-binding activity of transcription factors activator protein-1, nuclear factor-κB, and Stat3; and (c) Bcl-xL, cdc25A, and cyclooxygenase-2 expression. The results indicate for the first time, using both in vitro and in vivo preclinical models, that PL inhibits the growth and invasion of PCa. PL inhibits multiple molecular targets including PKCε, a predictive biomarker of PCa aggressiveness. PL may be a novel agent for therapy of hormone-refractory PCa. [Cancer Res 2008;68(21):9024–32]