jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Yield of Williams Hybrid Banana in Relation to Fertility, Plants Size and Climate

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Bananas (Musa asuminata cv. 'Williams Hybrid') were grown continuously for over seven years from an original planting under 48 levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (6N x 8K) in a continuous function design with eight replicated blocks. Total production of untrimmed bunches ranged from 33 mt/ha/yr (zero N, moderate K) to 101 mt/ha/yr (high N, high K) over all years. Response to N was observed each year, primarily due to increased numbers of pseudostems in high N treatments. Average bunch weight differences due to K were clear only after 4 years. Average bunch weight decreased over time in all treatments but increased numbers of bunches were harvested each year. Depressions in total yield which occurred in most treatments were due to production of smaller bunches resulting most likely from increased density, soil compaction and diseases. Bunch weight and components of yield were related to climate up to 8 months prior to harvest. Bunch weight was not closely correlated with concentration of N or K in the plant at harvest, but total uptake of N and K were related to the size of pseudostems. Bunch weight was closely related to the size of the pseudostem, as measured by height and girth at bunch emergence and to the size of the leaves sampled at harvest. Equations relating bunch weight to pseudostem measurements were modified by N and K fertilization status, climate and crop age. Reductions in bunch weight occurring relative to pseudostem size were determined to be due to reduced leaf area caused by poor nutrition, high density and diseases. A survey of commercial banana plantings showed that variations in pseudostem size of 3 cultivars was not closely related to levels of plant and soil nutrients, probably because of widely varying irrigation, disease levels and other management practices.
Micellization of Cetyl Triphenyl Phosphonium Bromide Surfactant in Binary Aqueous Solvents

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The effect of the different binary aqueous organic solvents viz. 1,4‐dioxane, acetonitrile, dimethylsulfoxide, ethylene glycol, and methanol, on the micelle formation and thermodynamics of a cationic surfactant cetyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide has been studied conductometrically at 298–318 K. From the conductivity data critical micelle concentration, degree of counter ion dissociation (α) and thermodynamic parameters of micellization have been determined. It is observed that micellization tendency of the surfactant decreases in the presence of binary aqueous solvents. The entropies of micellization are all positive, and they compensate the enthalpies of the process.
Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Abortion among Undergraduate Health Science Students of Kathmandu Metropolitan City

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) defines abortion as pregnancy termination prior to twenty weeks of gestation or a fetus born weighing less than 500g. Abortion in Nepal was legalized in 2002, and the first legal abortion services started on March 18, 2004 (Safe Abortion Law). In developing regions, approximately 99% of the global maternal deaths in 2015 and early 8% of maternal deaths are abortion-related. Unsafe abortion is a public health concern because of its serious reproductive health consequences and impact on maternal morbidity and mortality. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 undergraduate students in colleges in Kathmandu Metropolitan City. Structured, self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection. Data were processed using IBS SPSS v. 25.0. Descriptive statistics and the chi-square test were used. Results: The study showed that two-thirds (66.7%) of study participants had good knowledge of abortion, while 33.3% had poor knowledge. Overall, there was a positive attitude toward abortion. Age, sex, residence, religion, ethnicity, type of family, educational level of parents, and occupation of parents were not significantly associated with levels of knowledge on abortion. Conclusion: Two-thirds of respondents had good knowledge of abortion. Still, a large proportion had poor knowledge regarding abortion, although the study participants were from a health science background. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that health education initiatives target such youth about abortion and its complications, which helps reduce morbidity and mortality associated with unsafe abortion.
Rockumentary: style, performance, and sound in a documentary genre

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Rockumentary: Style, Performance, and Sound in a Documentary Genre is the comprehensive study of an audio-visual genre concerned with the nonfictional representation of rock music and related idioms. Sparked by the explosive rise in popularity of rock music in the 1960s, rockumentary follows a trajectory tracing the broader history of documentary practice, at times serving to reshape that history and at others providing the clearest examples of documentary's limits and potentials. It both captures and contributes to histories of documentary film and popular music generally, and rock music and rock culture specifically. It is noteworthy for its visual style, innovation in the area of film sound technology, and the complex industrial interactions which in part foster its development. Moreover, rockumentary serves as an early and ongoing example of the negotiation of the presence of stars and staged spectacles in the context of nonfiction film and video. It is the site where the anxieties about sound and the documentary imageâan unease which runs throughout the history of cinema and has specific implications within the context of nonfiction filmâare particularly acute, and the various conceptual and sociological issues surrounding film as a mediation of live experience versus a wholly constructed entity are crystallized most concretely. This dissertation presents rockumentary as an audio-visual genre with both artistic relevance and commercial appeal, and poses questions about the role of pleasure as a means of differentiating the corpus from other nonfiction film and video genres. Through textual analysis, reception studies, and documentary research, this dissertation contributes to film, media, and popular music studies, and lays the foundation for the study of nonfiction representations of popular music in contemporary moving images and new media.
Factors affecting the response to inhibition of drug metabolism by cimetidine‐dose response and sensitivity of elderly and induced subjects.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The effect of cimetidine on oxidative drug metabolism was characterised using antipyrine clearance in a group of healthy volunteers. In six subjects cimetidine produced a dose dependent reduction of antipyrine clearance: 400 mg/day (16.8 +/‐ 2.2%, mean +/‐ s.e. mean), 800 mg/day (26.3 +/‐ 1.5%) and 1600 mg/day (33.5 +/‐ 2.4%). The effect of cimetidine (800 mg/day) was of similar magnitude (approximately 25%) in two groups of six young (21‐26 years) and six elderly (65‐78 years) subjects. The effect of pretreatment begun just 1 h before administration of antipyrine was similar to that of 24 h pretreatment and that reported for chronic cimetidine pretreatment. The percentage reduction in antipyrine clearance produced by cimetidine 800 mg/day was greater (44 +/‐ 5 vs 24 +/‐ 3%; P less than 0.05) in six subjects who had been pretreated with the hepatic enzyme inducer rifampicin (600 mg/day for 21 days) than in the control uninduced state. Although cimetidine was capable of rapidly reversing the effect of rifampicin on antipyrine clearance, following withdrawal of both rifampicin and cimetidine there was still evidence of enzyme induction. These results suggest that the effect of cimetidine on oxidative metabolism is dose dependent, is more marked in enzyme induced subjects, is independent of the duration of pretreatment and is of similar magnitude in young and elderly subjects.
No. 40826. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and Colombia

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Loan Agreement (Second Programmatic Labor Reform and Social Structural Adjustment Loan) between the Republic of Colombia and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (with schedules and General Conditions Applicable to Loan and Guarantee Agreements for Fixed-Spread Loans dated 1 September 1999, as amended through 1 May 2004). Bogoti, 4 November 2004
The impact of presurgical magnetic resonance in early breast cancer: an observational study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of presurgical breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the surgical management of selected patients with early-stage breast cancer who were candidates for BCT. The sample was built up according to the EUSOMA (European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists) recommendations enrolling women with unifocal unilateral early-stage breast carcinoma diagnosed by mammography, ultrasound (US) examination and in some cases also by histological analysis; all were scheduled for wider local excision. All eligible patients underwent presurgical breast MRI and findings were classified according to the BI-RADS system. In the presence of additional foci classified as BI-RADS 3-4, a targeted second-look US study was performed. If second-look US confirmed the presence of foci, needle biopsy was performed. Possible changes in the therapeutic approach resulting from preoperative MRI findings were decided upon by a multidisciplinary team. Outcome of histological examination of the surgical specimen and particularly analysis of tumor infiltration of the resection margins was the standard for determining the appropriateness of surgical strategy. A total of 123 patients underwent presurgical breast MRI. Additional foci were detected in 41.6% of patients, a greater local extension of the index lesion in 6.4%, whereas MRI confirmed local staging established by conventional imaging in 52%. However, 13.8% of additional foci were not confirmed by second-look and needle biopsy. More extensive surgery as a result of MRI findings was performed in 34.2%. This decision proved to be appropriate in 29.3% thus resulting in an over-treatment rate of 4.9%. Presurgical breast MRI resulted in confirmation of planned surgical strategy in 65.8% with an appropriateness rate of 54.5%. Surgical resection margins were positive for malignancy in 11.3% and repeated surgery was therefore required. Therapeutic strategy established on the basis of MRI was appropriate in 83.8% of cases. This study confirms the utility of MRI in presurgical workup of selected breast cancer patients. The results obtained suggest the importance of a sensitive tool such as MRI in the local staging of breast cancer before treatment planning.
Role of mitogen-activated protein kinases in the regulation of paraventricular nucleus to gastric ischemia-reperfusion injuries

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The protection of PVN against GI-R injuries may attribute to the inhibition of apoptosis and the promotion of the proliferation of gastric mucosal cells during GI-R. This protective effect is mediated by activating the ERK pathway and depressing the JNK, p38 MAPK pathways of the gastric mucosal cells.
Bipolar Soft Sets: Relations between Them and Ordinary Points and Their Applications

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Bipolar soft set is formulated by two soft sets; one of them provides us the positive information and the other provides us the negative information. The philosophy of bipolarity is that human judgment is based on two sides, positive and negative, and we choose the one which is stronger. In this paper, we introduce novel belong and nonbelong relations between a bipolar soft set and an ordinary point. These relations are considered as one of the unique characteristics of bipolar soft sets which are somewhat expression of the degrees of membership and nonmembership of an element. We discuss essential properties and derive the sufficient conditions of some equivalence of these relations. We also define the concept of soft mappings between two classes of bipolar soft sets and study the behaviors of an ordinary point under these soft mappings with respect to all relations introduced herein. Then, we apply bipolar soft sets to build an optimal choice application. We give an algorithm of this application and show the method for implementing this algorithm by an illustrative example. In conclusion, it can be noted that the relations defined herein give another viewpoint to explore the concepts of bipolar soft topology, in particular, soft separation axioms and soft covers.
[Soft chancroid: 4 clinical cases].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Even though the chancroid is not common in our field, it must be identifiable so that a proper differential diagnosis of all genital ulcers can be made, with confirmation by means of a culture in a specific medium. The present first line treatment should be in reach of the Public Health System's family doctors and be initiated at once, given that genital ulcers are a risk factor in HIV transmission. Additionally these patients' HIV antibodies should be studied.
Supported Self-Management as a Tool to Combat Chronic Conditions in Brazilian Primary Health Care Context

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

INon-communicable diseases are a serious public health problem, responsible for a high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide.The Brazilian model of attention to chronic conditions was one of the strategies developed to qualify the attention care within the scope of a public health service, in which it recommends the reorientation of the care from a prescribed attention centered in the disease to a collaborative attention centered in the person.Supported self-management is one of the pillars of this model.It corresponds to the systematic provision of educational services and support interventions aimed at empowering the user to monitoring their own care.However, the implementation of this tool is still incipient, despite the promising results.Health professionals and managers need to be opened up to this new proposal of attention in order to break with the biomedical model and favor greater access to the population, which may imply better health outcomes.
儿童期逆境与基因对男性服刑人员攻击性的影响

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

如 MAOA-uVNTR 低活性等位基因)是导致攻击 行为的重要因素。 但在现有的研究中, 儿童期逆境的计分方式局限于简单的线性加总, 或所依据的统计模型忽 略逆境各维度之间的交互作用和非线性关系; 在服刑人员攻击性的评估中未考虑攻击性的亚类, 而且多使用 自报告的量表测评, 这些问题制约了评估的有效预测力。 本研究拟通过建立潜在类别模型, 分析男性服刑人员 和普通成年人群在儿童期逆境上的亚类; 以实验与问卷测量结果、 司法行为记录作为攻击性指标, 揭示儿童期 逆境如何影响个体的主动性攻击、反应性攻击及暴力犯罪行为, 重点探讨儿童期逆境潜在类别对主动性攻击 和反应性攻击的影响, 以及 MAOA-uVNTR、COMT Val158Met、5-HTTLPR 基因多态性在其中的调节作用。研 究结果有助于找出高攻击性个体的生物遗传指标, 从而发现受儿童期逆境经历影响的易感人群, 为暴力行为 的风险预测以及针对暴力攻击行为的行为矫正和相关药物设计提供理论和实证参考, 提高相关工作的效率。
Lyb-7, a New B Cell Alloantigen Controlled by Genes Linked to the IgCH Locus

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Anti-Lyb-5.1 serum contains antibodies against two different B cell surface antigenic determinants, Lyb-5.1 and Lyb-7.1, which are defined in cytotoxicity and functional tests, respectively. The antibody against Lyb-7.1 is identified by its ability to specifically inhibit in vitro primary antibody responses to TNP-Ficoll. Anti-Lyb-5.1 serum can be made monospecific for anti-Lyb-7.1 activity by absorption with spleen cells from AL/N mice which have been typed as Lyb-5.1+, Lyb-7.1-. Lyb-5.1 and Lyb-7.1 are each under control of one or one set of closely linked genes. The loci specifying Lyb-5.1 and Lyb-7.1 are not linked to each other nor to M1s and H-2 loci. However, the gene controlling the expression of Lyb-7.1 is linked to the genes coding for the constant region of immunoglobulin heavy chains.
[The treatment with the antidepressant Lerivon of tension headaches and autonomic crises].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

20 patients with vegetative crises (panic attacks) and 20 patients with tension-type headache were treated by Lerivon (tetracyclic antidepressant) administration. The following parameters were investigated: the degree of headache expression according to visual analogous scale, the vegetative crises frequency and depression gravity by means of Spilberg test, the depression intensity by means of Back scale. The areas of different components of contingent negative deviation (CND)-early, late, postimperative negative waves as well as total CND area-were examined either. Both high clinical effects of the preparation and normalisation of psychophysiological parameters were found. 30 mg was the common daily dose for the patients with psychophysiological disorders. The clinical effect was observed quickly (7-10 days). The patients tolerated drug administration well, the sleepiness was the only side-effect. Thus, Lerivon proved highly effective for the treatment of both psychovegetative and algesic disorders and had some advantages as compared with commonly used tricyclic antidepressants.
FANCI Inhibition Induces PARP1 Redistribution to Enhance the Efficacy of PARP Inhibitors in Breast Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Breast cancer is a global public health concern with high mortality rates, necessitating the development of innovative treatment strategies. PARP inhibitors have shown efficacy in certain patient populations, but their application is largely limited to cancers with homologous recombination deficiency. Here, we identified the suppression of FANCI as a therapeutic strategy to enhance the efficacy of PARP inhibitors in breast cancer. Elevated FANCI expression in breast cancer was associated with poor prognosis and increased cell proliferation and migration. FANCI interacted with PARP1, and suppressing FANCI limited the nuclear localization and functionality of PARP1. Importantly, FANCI inhibition sensitized breast cancer cells to the PARP inhibitor talazoparib in the absence of BRCA mutations. Additionally, the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib enhanced the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to talazoparib through FANCI inhibition. These findings highlight the potential of targeting FANCI to enhance the efficacy of PARP inhibitors in treating breast cancer. Significance: Targeting FANCI is a promising therapeutic strategy for enhancing PARP inhibitor sensitivity in breast cancer that holds potential for broader therapeutic applications beyond cancers harboring BRCA mutations.
Identification of an Electrostatic Ruler Motif for Sequence-Specific Binding of Collagenase to Collagen

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Sequence-specific cleavage of collagen by mammalian collagenase plays a pivotal role in cell function. Collagenases are matrix metalloproteinases that cleave the peptide bond at a specific position on fibrillar collagen. The collagenase Hemopexin-like (HPX) domain has been proposed to be responsible for substrate recognition, but the mechanism by which collagenases identify the cleavage site on fibrillar collagen is not clearly understood. In this study, Brownian dynamics simulations coupled with atomic-detail and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations were performed to dock matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) on a collagen IIIα1 triple helical peptide. We find that the HPX domain recognizes the collagen triple helix at a conserved R-X11-R motif C-terminal to the cleavage site to which the HPX domain of collagen is guided electrostatically. The binding of the HPX domain between the two arginine residues is energetically stabilized by hydrophobic contacts with collagen. From the simulations and analysis of the sequences and structural flexibility of collagen and collagenase, a mechanistic scheme by which MMP-1 can recognize and bind collagen for proteolysis is proposed.
In vitro multiplication of the Pi耋n Azul Pinus maximartinezii (Rzedowski)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Pinus maximartinezii (Rzedowski) is an endemic endangered species, confined to a single population of approximately 2000 to 2500 mature trees. It covers about 400 ha in southern Zacatecas, Mexico. The success of tissue cultur... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on Tech Science Press
Induction of T cell precursors in advanced melanoma treated with autologous tumor lysate loaded dendritic cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

2623 Background: Immunotherapy in melanoma patients (pts) is limited by tumor-induced effector cell inhibition. Dendritic cells (DC) are powerful initiators of tumor-specific immune responses. We proposed a pilot study that hypothesized that DC matured ex vivofrom the peripheral blood (PB) and pulsed with autologous tumor lysate (TuLy) would stimulate tumor-specific immune activation. Methods: 6 stage III/IV melanoma pts were enrolled and CD14+ precursors were obtained from PB by apheresis and elutriation prior to each treatment. DC were cultured ex vivo for 9 days with IL-4 and GM-CSF, pulsed with autologous TuLy and matured with TNFa. Pts received 3 treatments administered intravenously (IV) over 5–10 minutes at 4 week intervals. Efficiency of DC generation was determined by measuring total DC per apheresis and phenotype. NCI Common Toxicity Criteria v2.0 was used. Tumor-specific immune induction was evaluated using the Dye Dilution Proliferation Assay which measures T cell precursor frequencies (Tp) in response to stimuli; in this case pulsed or unpulsed mature DC. Results: 3 pts each have been treated with 1x106and 5x106DC respectively. Adequate yields of DC were achieved for all treatments. Toxicity was minimal with transient grade 2 ataxia. Mature DC highly expressed MHC class I and II, costimulatory markers (CD80, CD86, CD40) and the maturity marker CD83. We observed a 6-fold increase in CD8+ Tp and 1.5-fold increase in CD4+ Tp after 2 treatments (n=2) as shown in the table. Elevated Tp persisted 30 days following completion of treatment. Conclusions: Ex vivogeneration and IV administration of mature DC is feasible and safe. Preliminary data support induction of tumor-specific T cells evidenced by increased Tp. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Receding horizon approach to Markov games for infinite horizon discounted cost

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider a receding horizon approach as an approximate solution to two-person zero-sum Markov games with an infinite horizon discounted cost criterion. We first present error bounds from the optimal equilibrium value of the game when both players take "correlated" receding horizon policies that are based on exact or approximate solutions of receding finite horizon sub-games. Motivated by the worst-case optimal control of queueing systems by Altman (1995), we then analyze error bounds when the minimizer plays the (approximate) receding horizon control and the maximizer plays the worst case policy. We give two heuristic examples of the approximate receding horizon control. We extend "parallel rollout" and "hindsight optimization" by Chang et al. (2001, 2000) into the Markov game setting within the framework of the approximate receding horizon approach and analyze their performances. From the parallel rollout approach, the minimizing player seeks to combine dynamically multiple heuristic policies in a set to improve the performances of all of the heuristic policies simultaneously under the guess that the maximizing player has chosen a fixed worst-case policy. Given /spl epsiv/ > 0, we give the value of the receding horizon which guarantees that the parallel rollout policy with the horizon played by the minimizer "dominates" any heuristic policy in the set by e. From the hindsight optimization approach, the minimizing player makes a decision based on his expected optimal hindsight performance over a finite horizon. We finally discuss practical implementations of the receding horizon approaches via simulation.