jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of photodynamic therapy plus kanglaite on transplanted pancreatic cancer

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor effects of a combination of Kanglaite injection (KI) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) on human pancreatic cancer SW1990 xenograft in nude mice.Methods The animal model of human pancreatic cancer was developed by suturing small pieces of SW1990 tumors into the dorsum of nude mice.60 rats were randomly divided into six groups:group A ( control group without treatment),group B ( receiving 1.25g/kg KI via the tail vein prior to PDT and continuously for 10 days),group C (receiving 2.5g/kg KI via the tail vein continuously for 10 days),group D (PDT group,2 mg/kg Photosan 48h prior to laser irradiation),group E ( group B + group D),group F ( group C + group D)with 10 rats in each group.The tumor sizes were measured twice per week.The mice were sacrificed on the 14th day of PDT treatment.The tumor was took out and weighted and the tumor inhibitory rate was analyzed.Results The tumor volumes of group A to F were 9550.08±52.46)mm3,(519.71±46.44)mm3,(405.29±38.67 ) mm3,( 199.27±37.37) mm3,( 107.47±14.13 ) mm3 and (75.58±12.53 )mm3,the weight of group A to F were (0.82±0.08)g,(0.77±0.06)g,(0.61±0.06)g,(0.41±0.05)g,(0.28±0.04)gand (0.16±0.04)g,respectively.The tumor volumes and tumor weights of the two combined groups were significandy smaller than those in the other groups (P＜0.05).The combination group of 1.25 g/kg KI increased the tumor inhibitory rate from 50% in PDT group to 65.9%.The combination group of 2.5 g,/kg KI increased the tumor inhibitory rate to 80.5%.Conclusions KI had attenuated effect on PDT therapy,and the combination of KI and PDT could significantly inhibit the tumor growth.

Key words:
Pancreatic neoplasms; Photochemotherapy; Kanglaite injection
Understanding Root Resorption With Diagnostic Imaging

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

This article presents the clinical, radiographic and histopathologic features of various types of tooth root resorption. Tooth resorption may occur in a tooth internally or externally with distinctively different treatment approaches for each type of resorption. Given that proper diagnosis of the type of resorption is important, the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and conventional 2-D intraoral images in evaluation of resorptive lesions is discussed.
DARE: Adaptive Data Replication for Efficient Cluster Scheduling

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Placing data as close as possible to computation is a common practice of data intensive systems, commonly referred to as the data locality problem. By analyzing existing production systems, we confirm the benefit of data locality and find that data have different popularity and varying correlation of accesses. We propose DARE, a distributed adaptive data replication algorithm that aids the scheduler to achieve better data locality. DARE solves two problems, how many replicas to allocate for each file and where to place them, using probabilistic sampling and a competitive aging algorithm independently at each node. It takes advantage of existing remote data accesses in the system and incurs no extra network usage. Using two mixed workload traces from Face book, we show that DARE improves data locality by more than 7 times with the FIFO scheduler in Hadoop and achieves more than 85% data locality for the FAIR scheduler with delay scheduling. Turnaround time and job slowdown are reduced by 19% and 25\%, respectively.
Subtitling for the deaf and the hard of hearing in Spain: a study on media accessibility, accessibility studies and the standard UNE 153010:2012

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examines the opinions of the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing and hearers of Spain with regards to the subtitling services currently offered by the Spanish Digital Television, with the aim of integrating them in a list of guidelines that could become part of the Standard UNE 153010:2012 in the future. This three-phase research focuses on Subtitling for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (SDH), Media Accessibility (MA), Accessibility Studies (AS) and Accessible Filmmaking (AFM). It includes two surveys distributed in Spain and one comparative analysis of the subtitling services provided by Netflix, Amazon Prime Video and HBO in three well-known TV series. In the interest of writing a list of guidelines for translators to use in the creation of future Inclusive Subtitles in Spain, a review of the Standard 2012 was also conducted. The results indicate that the (selected) Spanish Audience wishes to customize some features of the subtitles offered by the Spanish Digital Television, like the font size, the colour and the speed, in order to improve their access to enjoyment, which is a new concept developed in this study. Additionally, the data show that the (selected) Spanish Audience wishes to have daily access to two new pages that could be provided on Teletext, called ‘Vocabulary page’ and ‘Plot page’. On the ‘Vocabulary page’ the audience could consult the meaning of all the words and metaphors used in each program, while the ‘Plot page’ could offer a summary of the plot of each program transmitted by the Spanish Digital Television. Finally, the data retrieved in this study highlight that some guidelines of the Standard 2012 could be updated.
[Value of somatosensory evoked potentials in thoraco- brachial outlet syndrome].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

For 2 patients EMG, NCS and SEP were abnormal. One had hand wasting and denervation in hand muscles as well as slowed median and ulnar sensory conduction with low amplitude responses. SEP at Erb's point were slightly delayed after ulnar stimulation. No cervical response was obtained after ulnar stimulation. The second one had normal responses at Erb's point but delayed responses at the cervical level. In addition, N13 amplitude after ulnar stimulation was low. Four patients had normal EMG, NCS and SEP. Two patients had normal EMG and NCS, but their SEP was questionable since latencies were normal, even though amplitude was low after median and ulnar stimulation. This was not considered this to be abnormal since it was bilateral. For the remaining 2 patients (F.1), EMG and NCS and Erb's point SEP were normal, but C2 median and ulnar responses were delayed in one case and C2 ulnar response amplitude was very low on one side only in the other. In conclusion, SEP were abnormal for 4 patients out of 10 but gave more information than conventional EMG and NCS for only 2 patients. SEP abnormalities prevailed after ulnar stimulation.
Large Sequence Polymorphisms Unveil the Phylogenetic Relationship of Environmental and Pathogenic Mycobacteria Related to Mycobacterium ulcerans

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Mycolactone is an immunosuppressive cytotoxin responsible for the clinical manifestation of Buruli ulcer in humans. It was believed to be confined to its etiologic agent, Mycobacterium ulcerans . However, the identification of other mycolactone-producing mycobacteria (MPMs) in other species, including Mycobacterium marinum , indicated a more complex taxonomic relationship. This highlighted the need for research on the biology, evolution, and distribution of such emerging and potentially infectious strains. The reliable genetic fingerprinting analyses presented here aim at both the unraveling of phylogenetic relatedness and of dispersal between environmental and pathogenic mycolactone producers and the identification of genetic prerequisites that enable lateral gene transfer of such plasmids. This will allow for the identification of environmental reservoirs of virulence plasmids that encode enzymes required for the synthesis of mycolactone. Based on dynamic chromosomal loci identified earlier in M. ulcerans , we characterized large sequence polymorphisms for the phylogenetic analysis of MPMs. Here, we identify new insertional-deletional events and single-nucleotide polymorphisms that confirm and redefine earlier strain differentiation markers. These results support other data showing that all MPMs share a common ancestry. In addition, we found unique genetic features specific for M. marinum strain M, the genome sequence strain which is used widely in research.
Decomposition pathways in age hardening of Ti-Al-N films

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The ability to increase the thermal stability of protective coatings under work load gives rise to scientific and industrial interest in age hardening of complex nitride coating systems such as ceramic-like Ti1−xAlxN. However, the decomposition pathway of these systems from single-phase cubic to the thermodynamically stable binary nitrides (cubic TiN and wurtzite AlN), which are essential for age hardening, are not yet fully understood. In particular, the role of decomposition kinetics still requires more detailed investigation. In the present work, the combined effect of annealing time and temperature upon the nano-structural development of Ti0.46Al0.54N thin films is studied, with a thermal exposure of either 1 min or 120 min in 100 °C steps from 500 °C to 1400 °C. The impact of chemical changes at the atomic scale on the development of micro-strain and mechanical properties is studied by post-annealing investigations using X-ray diffraction, nanoindentation, 3D-atom probe tomography and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results clearly demonstrate that the spinodal decomposition process, triggering the increase of micro-strain and hardness, although taking place throughout the entire volume, is enhanced at high diffusivity paths such as grain or column boundaries and followed within the grains. Ab initio calculations further show that the early stages of wurtzite AlN precipitation are connected with increased strain formation, which is in excellent agreement with experimental observations.
Warring Sovereigns and Mimetic Rivals: On Scapegoats and Political Crisis in William Golding's Lord of the Flies

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

(2014). Warring Sovereigns and Mimetic Rivals: On Scapegoats and Political Crisis in William Golding's Lord of the Flies. Law and Humanities: Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 147-173.
Additional file 1: Appendix 1. of A comparison of generic drug prices in seven European countries: a methodological analysis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

List of the 200 most-prescribed off-patent active ingredients in Europe in 2013 (anatomical main group in parentheses). Appendix 2. Ex-manufacturer and retail prices with France as the base country (2013). Appendix 3. Ex-manufacturer and retail prices based on PPP adjustments with Germany as the base country (2013). Appendix 4. Ex-manufacturer and retail prices of cardiovascular and nervous system drugs with Germany as the base country (2013). (DOCX 58 kb)
StrainInfo SI-ID 182878.1

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

StrainInfo dataset 182878 about a strain of Papulaspora byssina. StrainInfo is a service developed to provide a resolution of microbial strain identifiers by storing culture collection numbers, their relations, and culture-associated data. StrainInfo is part of NFDI4Microbiota consortium.
Current-nonlinear Hall effect and spin-orbit torque magnetization switching in a magnetic topological insulator

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Precise estimation of spin Hall angle as well as successful maximization of spin-orbit torque (SOT) form a basis of electronic control of magnetic properties with spintronic functionality. Until now, current-nonlinear Hall effect, or second harmonic Hall voltage has been utilized as one of the methods for estimating spin Hall angle, which is attributed to the magnetization oscillation by SOT. Here, we argue the second harmonic Hall voltage in magnetic/nonmagnetic topological insulator (TI) heterostructures, Cr$_x$(Bi$_{1-y}$Sb$_y$)$_{2-x}$Te$_3$/(Bi$_{1-y}$Sb$_y$)$_2$Te$_3$. From the angular, temperature and magnetic field dependence, it is unambiguously shown that the large second harmonic Hall voltage in TI heterostructures is governed not by SOT but mainly by asymmetric magnon scattering mechanism without magnetization oscillation. Thus, this method does not allow an accurate estimation of spin Hall angle when magnons largely contribute to electron scattering. Instead, the SOT contribution in a TI heterostructure is exemplified by current pulse induced non-volatile magnetization switching, which is realized with a current density of $\sim 2.5 \times 10^{10} \mathrm{A/m}^2$, showing its potential as spintronic materials.
Use of wikis in K-12 and higher education: a review of the research

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

One of the many recent technologies to appear in the educational landscape is the wiki. Drawing on literature until end of January 2008, we review past empirical research studies on the use of wikis in K-12 and higher education settings. This review is organised into three topics: the settings in which research on wiki was conducted, effects of wiki on learners outcomes and wiki usage profile. The conclusions overall suggest that most of the studies reviewed were descriptive and conducted in higher education settings involving participants from North America, and that past wiki research had been most frequently conducted in the education, and engineering and sciences disciplines. The question on whether the use of wikis can improve learners outcome such as writing ability is unresolved. Students liked the asynchronicity and traceability features of the wiki. Students use of wikis seemed to be influenced by four main factors: wiki usability, pedagogical issues, social environment and students technical knowledge and skills. Several limitations of previous empirical studies were discussed. We conclude by providing some recommendations for future research related to the use of wiki in education settings. © 2009 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
The role of family factors in explaining the women’s conflict of work and family roles

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research aimed to investigate the relationship between family factors including socioeconomic status, family support, family attachment, family role overload, and family power structure with conflict of work and family roles among female employees in Yazd city. Research method was descriptive and correlational; and 323 female employees were selected by cluster sampling method. The work-family roles conflict scales, the perception of social support from family, the family involvement questionnaire, the family roles overload scale, and the scale of power structure in family were used in this study. Data were analyzed by SPSS and AMOS. The Findings indicated that socioeconomic status, family support to employed member, family attachment and family power structure had significant and negative relationship with work and family roles conflict. In contrast there were significant and positive relationships between family role overload with work and family roles conflict. Thus, family factors have a very significant role in amount of work and family roles conflict and also can play an effective role in reducing the conflict-induced pressure and stress.
Assessment of Anterior Loop of Inferior Alveolar Nerve – A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The anterior loop (AL) of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and the mental foramen (MF) are important anatomical structures that should be taken into consideration during preoperative planning in the anterior mandibular region. This study aims to assess the prevalence, length, and type of the AL of the IAN in males and females in a South Indian population. Additionally, the distance from the MF to the lower border of the mandible is assessed. Materials and Methods: A total of 115 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 230 sides of mandibles were taken using a Carestream Select CS9300 CBCT machine (Carestream Dental LLC, Atlanta, USA). The scans were selected from archives and divided into three different age groups (<40, 41–60, >61 years). The scans were analyzed to detect the canal of the AL of the inferior alveolar nerve canal (IANC). The IANC, along with the AL canal and part of the incisive nerve canal, was traced using the CS 9300 software. The length of the mandibular nerve was measured for each patient in cross-sectional and panoramic views. Results: The AL was present in 92.6% of the 115 participants. Overall anterior loop length ranged between 0.9 and 15.2 mm. The mean length of AL in panoramic view on the right side was 3.284 ± 2.314 mm and it was 3.015 ± 2151 mm on the left side. Y-shaped AL was more predominant when compared to T-shaped AL in the sample. Conclusion: The prevalence of AL was relatively higher in subjects ranging from 41 to 60 years with a slight increase in female predominance.
PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI GOOGLE CLASSROOM UNTUK MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATERI GEREJA SEBAGAI UMAT ALLAH PADA SISWA KELAS XI IPA SMAN 1 SIBORONGBORONG SEMESTER 1 TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021/2022

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aims to: 1) To find out an increase in motivation to study Catholic religious education on church material as God's people in class XI IPA students at SMAN 1 Siborongborong Semester 1 Academic Year 2021/2022 through the use of an application based on google classroom. 2) To find out the learning outcomes of Catholic religious education on church material as God's people in class XI IPA students of SMAN 1 Siborongborong Semester 1 of the 2021/2022 Academic Year through the use of a google classroom-based application. This research method uses classroom action research (CAR). The research subjects were students of Class XI IPA at SMAN 1 Siborongborong. The data collection technique uses: 1) observation; 2) Test; 3) Documentation. The results of the study show that: 1) The use of a google classroom-based application for learning Catholic religious education for church materials as God's people can increase student motivation. This is evidenced by an increase in learning motivation from 6 students or 26.09% in the initial study to 15 students or 65.22% in the first cycle and 21 students or 91.30% in the last cycle. 2) The use of google classroom-based applications for learning church materials as God's people can improve student learning outcomes. This is evidenced by the increase in the average initial study learning outcomes of 54.78, in the first cycle the average value obtained by students was 66.52 and in the second cycle the average value obtained by students was 74.78 and was supported by an increase learning completeness in the initial state was 4 students (17.39%), in cycle I it increased to 12 students or 52.17% and in cycle II it increased again to 20 students or 86.96%.
PROPOSED MODEL FOR GRAIN ALIGNMENT IN YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-x SUPERCONDUCTORS PREPARED BY MELT PROCESSING

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

PROPOSED MODEL FOR GRAIN ALIGNMENT IN YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-x (123) SUPERCONDUCTORS PREPARED BY MELT PROCESSING. A model for grain alignment in YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-x is proposed. The proposed model is based on experimental results that the grain alignment in coarse samples with average grain diameter of 57 m is higher than that of fine samples with average grain diameter of 1.6 m which were prepared by melt processing. Other evidence, supported the proposed model, is the difference in microstructure of both samples, i.e. the grain in the fine samples tend to form domain-like structure, while in the coarse sample some large grain randomly oriented in the bulk and some grain aligned on the surface. The alignment of grain in coarse sample is due to capillary mechanism while in the fine samples the alignment could be due to capillary mechanism or sympathetic nucleation.
On Fibonacci right-angled triangles

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We introduce a sequence of Fibonacci right-angled triangles associated with a generalized Fibonacci sequence and prove, for a given positive integer k, there exist a generalized Fibonacci sequence fn such that fi2n = fi2n+1 + fi2n+2 holds for the angles fin defined by tanfin = k=fn, 0 < fin < …=2. By considering the Pell's type equation x 2 i 5y 2 = §4k 2 , we also determine all the solutions to fi2n = fi2n+1 + fi2n+2 by generalized Fibonacci sequences.
Analysis of Tunnel Excavation Deformation Based on FLAC3D

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Deformation analysis of tunnel excavation is one of the core problems. FLAC3D is used to simulate tunnel excavation, including tunnel modeling, excavation and support, and analyzes the force and deformation characteristics in the construction process. On the basis of collecting tunnel data, made reasonable monitoring measurement scheme, and measurement of the real-time monitoring data for the initial analysis, analysis the excavation time and excavation length regarding the deformation of the surrounding rock, predicted the deformation trend, determine the total displacement of the surrounding rock deformation, and map the relationship to time to provide a reasonable time for the secondary lining, using FLAC3D software for numerical simulation of tunnel excavation, including tunnel modeling, excavation, support, and analyzed the force and deformation characteristics in the construction process. Different combined values of K and E are designed and applying the model built by the software as the normal calculation program of numerical simulation to obtain different displacement values of arch subsidence and hole circumference convergence.
First twelve months of operation of The 60 MW Mokai Geothermal Project A High Pressure, Sustainable and Environmentally Benign Power Plant

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Following the deregulation of the New Zealand electricity industry, several medium and small sized projects have started their operation. The Mokai Geothermal Project is the largest privately developed geothermal project in New Zealand. The 60 MW development has been undertaken by, the Tuaropaki Trust in Taupo / New Zealand. The Trust, who owns the majority of the land at Mokai, operates its project through its wholly owned project company the Tuaropaki Power Company. The power plant uses the geothermal fluid captured from the production wells and reinjects the full capacity into the reinjection wells. The plant utilises steam turbine and binary turbine technology to obtain the maximum energy from the resource with minimal environmental impact. The electricity generated is delivered via a 20 km, 110 kV line to the Whakamaru national grid substation and is sold in to the national pool. Financing of the development was undertaken on a non-recourse and long-term basis by a group of financing institutions with Westpac Banking Corporation acting as leader. During the first 12 months of operation the power plant has generated an average output of above 58 MW with an availability of above 97%.
Two-dimensional system approximation using interval coefficients

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study the stability of a complex 2-D system characteristic polynomial g(s/sub 1/,s/sub 2/)=/spl Sigma//sub k1=0//sup m1//spl Sigma//sub k2=0//sup m2/ gk/sub 1/k/sub 2/s/sub 1//sup k1/s/sub 2//sup k2/ with interval coefficients g/sub k/1k/sub 2//spl isin/[g/sub -k1k2/,g/sub k1k2/] for each (k/sub 1/,k/sub 2/). It is hoped that such a study would be of help in ensuring the stability part of the approximation problem for 2-D systems with variable parameters. In order to solve the above problem, we derive Kharitonov (1979) type estremum polynomials for complex two-variable very strict Hurwitz interval polynomials.