jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Interplay between diet, gut microbiota, epigenetic events, and colorectal cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Despite the success of colonoscopy screening, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common and deadly cancers, and CRC incidence is rising in some countries where screening is not routine and populations have recently switched from traditional diets to western diets. Diet and energy balance influence CRC by multiple mechanisms. They modulate the composition and function of gut microbiota, which have a prodigious metabolic capacity and can produce oncometabolites or tumor‐suppressive metabolites depending, in part, on which dietary factors and digestive components are present in the GI tract. Gut microbiota also have a profound effect on immune cells in the lamina propria, which influences inflammation and subsequently CRC. Nutrient availability, which is an outcome of diet and energy balance, determines the abundance of certain energy metabolites that are essential co‐factors for epigenetic enzymes and therefore impinges upon epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Aberrant epigenetic marks accumulate during CRC, and epimutations that are selected for drive tumorigenesis by causing transcriptome profiles to diverge from the cell of origin. In some instances, the above mechanisms are intertwined as exemplified by dietary fiber being metabolized by colonic bacteria into butyrate, which is both a short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) and a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that epigenetically upregulates tumor‐suppressor genes in CRC cells and anti‐inflammatory genes in immune cells.
Low-power and Low-noise Amplifier with Intermittent Operation for Compressed Sensing in EEG Measurement Systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Kenji Mii, Daisuke Kanemoto,Tetsuya Hirose, "Low-power and Low-noise Amplifier with Intermittent Operation for Compressed Sensing in EEG Measurement Systems", 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), London, United Kingdom, 2025, pp.1-5, doi:10.1109/ISCAS56072.2025.11043862.
A functional genomics approach identifies novel genes involved in steroid-hormove induced programmed cell death in Drosophila

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Programmed Cell death (PCD) is a highly conserved and genetically controlled event that plays important roles in animal development, homeostasis and disease. Our first objective was to discover and characterize new genes involved in PCD. Since many PCD genes are conserved in Drosophila, and steroid-induced PCD of larval salivary glands (SGs) is transcriptionally regulated with features of both apoptosis and autophagy, we used this exceptionally well-suited in vivo system and performed Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) in three pre-death stages. SAGE identified 1244 expressed transcripts, including genes involved in autophagy, apoptosis, immunity, cytoskeleton remodeling, and proteolysis. Of the 1244 transcripts, 463 transcripts belonged to knownlpredicted genes and were 5-fold differentially expressed prior to cell death. Next, we investigated the role of differentially expressed genes from SAGE, in cell death or cell survival, by RNA interference (RNAi ) in l(2)mbn haemocyte Drosophila cells. l(2)mbn cells undergo morphological changes in response to ecdysone treatment, and ultimately undergo PCD. We used cell viability, cell morphology, and apoptosis assays to identify the death-related genes and determined their ecdysone dependency and function in cell death regulation. Our RNAi screen identified six new pro-death related genes, including SH3PXJ and Soxl4, and 21 new pro-survival genes including SoxN. Identification of Soxl4 as pro-death and SoxN as pro-survival suggests that these Sox box proteins may have opposing roles in ecdysone-mediated cell death. Our final objective was to elucidate the function of CG409], a Drosophila homologue of human TNF-alpha induced proteins 8 (TNFAIP8) we identified from SAGE. We created loss-of-function and overexpression mutants of CG4091 to study gene function in vivo and employed immunoprecipitation and mass-spectrometry assays to identify proteins interacting with CG409] in vitro. We identified two proteins that are involved in n-fatty acid oxidation and several cytoskeletal proteins as interaction partners. Immunofluorescence based assays in vivo and in vitro revealed that CG409] is necessary for cytoskeletal remodeling. Further, defects in CG4091 expression affect cellular functions such as autophagy and lipid metabolism/trafficking that require an intact cytoskeleton. Together, our studies provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in Drosophila SG cell death.
Cinematic Japan and Korea

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter discusses the historical development of cinema in Japan and Korea. In Japan, Shiro Asano imported the first motion picture camera in 1897 and the medium was quickly embraced by the whole population and over the next decade became a popular method of entertainment. The first cinema was opened in 1903 and the first Japanese production company was established in 1908. In Korea, cinema was first introduced to the general public in 1903. The Korean film industry, however, had a difficult start and it struggled to emerge from under the control of the Japanese. As a result the first Korean film was not actually produced until 1919.
Online Banking in Bangladesh An Empirical Analysis

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Advances in electronic banking technology have created novel ways of handling daily banking affairs, especially via the online banking channel. The acceptance of online banking services has been rapid in many parts of the world. In the leading e-banking countries the number of ebanking contracts has exceeded 50 percent. This study investigates into online banking acceptance in the light of the traditional technology acceptance model (TAM), which is leveraged into online environment. DBBL is inclined to investigate into the relation between perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEU), perceived enjoyment (PE), information on online banking, security and privacy and online banking use of DBBL consumers. The research was conducted with a survey sample (n=100). The findings of the study indicate that perceived ease of use, security and privacy and information on online banking on the Website were the main factors influencing online-banking acceptance. Once the analysis of this study was put into effect, the researchers came across several impeccable findings that need to be dealt with proper care for improving customers’ online usage. The findings are as follows: perceived ease of use, security and privacy and online information are significantly positively correlated with online banking uses of the customers. Therefore, DBBL should consider these factors when they look forward to increasing their online banking uses, which in turn would increase the organizational development. The regression outputs suggest that perceived ease of use and security and privacy are the most essential and crucial variables that could explain variation in online banking uses. This is why DBBL should improve and give proper attention to make sure the ease of use of online banking and ensure customers security and privacy.
[Endothelial morphometry and perforating keratoplasties].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

50 corneal grafts were studied by specular microscopy. The endothelial cell morphology of the grafts was analysed by using a computerised image analysis system. The endothelial cell density decreased rapidly during the first three post-operative months (17%). It continued to decrease for the first year (52%, after which cell loss occurred at a slower rate (3% of the sample cell count per year). The coefficient of variation in cell area remained constant (27%). The percentage of endothelial cell loss might be closely associated with the reestablishment of the hexagonal cellular pattern. These results suggest that the endothelium of the graft is in a state of transition during the first year after surgery.
Role of Ectoine in Vibrio cholerae Osmoadaptation

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Vibrio cholerae is both an intestinal pathogen and a microbe in the estuarine community. To persist in the estuarine environment, V. cholerae must adjust to changes in ionic composition and osmolarity. These changes in the aquatic environment have been correlated with cholera epidemics. In this work, we study the response of V. cholerae to increases in environmental osmolarity. Optimal growth of V. cholerae in minimal medium requires supplementation with 200 mM NaCl and KCl. However, when the NaCl concentration is increased beyond 200 mM, a proportionate delay in growth is observed. During this delay in growth, osmotic equilibrium is reached by cytoplasmic accumulation of small, uncharged solutes that are compatible with growth. We show that synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine and transport of the compatible solute glycine betaine impact the length of the osmoadaptive growth delay. We also demonstrate that high-osmolarity-adapted V. cholerae displays a growth advantage when competed against unadapted cells in high-osmolarity medium. In contrast, low-osmolarity-adapted V. cholerae displays no growth advantage when competed against high-osmolarity-adapted cells in low-osmolarity medium. These results may have implications for V. cholerae population dynamics when seawater and freshwater and their attendant microbes mix.
“It's All in the Head” Well! Not Always: Mental Health Patients Are Not Immune to Physical Pain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims Emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD) patients are known to frequently present to acute hospitals with pain symptoms. Multiple pain syndromes like fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome etc. are also commonly diagnosed in this group of population. It can be difficult to differentiate psychosomatic pain from physical pain during these hospital presentations. Failure to exclude physical causes of pain can lead to inadequate pain relief and missed serious diagnosis. Methods We describe a 29-year-old lady known to have Type 1 Diabetes, chronic pancreatitis and past history of several overdoses. She was being supported by Home Treatment Team (HTT) before coming to the hospital. She presented to the Emergency Department (ED) after ingesting 40 tablets of Pregabalin. She was referred to mental health liaison service for ongoing suicidal thoughts. On assessment, she admitted taking multiple overdoses to relieve her of severe abdominal pain. Her pain symptoms had been attributed as attention seeking behaviour. She disclosed feelings of rejection and abandonment by hospital staff. Liaison team negotiated with emergency department staff to complete a physical health examination that revealed tenderness and guarding in the abdomen. She was booked for elective cholecystectomy after surgical review. However, she had to be admitted from ED for laparoscopic cholecystectomy because of worsening of pain and vomiting. She was referred to Pain Management Team after surgery. The team was cautious in providing her with pain medications considering past history of overdoses. She was unable to tolerate pain and voiced thoughts of overdose. We liaised with Pain Management Team to optimise her analgesics and arranged daily supervision of pain medications with HTT Results Our patient's physical symptoms of acute cholecystitis and frequent overdoses with pain medications were attributed to her personality disorder that resulted in dismissal of her real pain that “Its is all in the head”. This led to persistent pain affecting her mental health. Conclusion Patients diagnosed with EUPD should be carefully assessed to exclude organic causes of pain before attributing their symptoms to mental health disorders. A thorough assessment and treatment of physical symptoms can improve their mental health as well as reduce attendance in health facilities.
The Role of Trust in Sustainable Management of Land, Fish, and Wildlife Populations in the Arctic

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Sustainable resource management depends on support from the public and local stakeholders. Fish, wildlife, and land management in remote areas face the challenge of working across vast areas, often with limited resources, to monitor land use or the status of the fish-and-wildlife populations. Resource managers depend on local residents, often Indigenous, to gain information about environmental changes and harvest trends. Developing mutual trust is thus important for the transfer of knowledge and sustainable use of land resources. We interviewed residents of eight communities in Arctic Alaska and Canada and analyzed their trust in resource governance organizations using mixed-methods. Trust was much greater among Alaska (72%) and Nunavut (62%) residents than Churchill (23%). Trust was highest for organizations that dealt with fish and wildlife issues, had no legal enforcement rights, and were associated with Indigenous peoples. Local organizations were trusted more than non-local in Alaska and Nunavut, but the opposite was true in Churchill. Association tests and modeling indicated that characteristics of organizations were significantly related to trust, whereas education was among the few individual-level characteristics that mattered for trust. Familiarity, communication, and education are crucial to improve, maintain, or foster trust for more effective management of natural resources in such remote communities.
The nursing legacy of the Korea Sisters

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim During the Korean War (1950–1953), the Norwegian government sent a Mobile Army Surgical Hospital ( MASH ) to support the efforts of the United Nations ( UN ) Army. During the war, 111 Norwegian nurses served in seven contingents, each 6 month, at the Norwegian Field Hospital in Korea. The nurses were nicknamed “The Korea Sisters”. The aim of this study is to explore the impact and influence of their wartime nursing on Norwegian post‐Korean‐War nursing. Design Qualitative. Methods The study uses several historical research approaches. Interview, archival search, search in nursing periodicals, contemporary magazines and nursing text books. Result The nursing legacy of The Korea Sisters can be found in changes in general nursing, uniform education of theatre nurses, uniform education of anaesthetist nurses and in humanitarian work.
Microfeature production in optically transparent workpieces

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper explores possible micro-production pathways for the low unit cost production of microfluidic devices. The geometries utilized in the candidate application discussed in the paper pertain to cell transection, large strain deformation of the cell in order to reduce the thickness of the cell membrane and thereby increase the pickup of selective treatments, by means of ultrasonic acceleration. The geometries of interest include planar geometries, and single-curvature geometries (in-plane.) This study considers the production of the planar microfeature geometries in polymer substrates with the limiting constraint of maintaining the optical transparency of the surfaces necessary to provide visual access to the test sections. The microfeatures created consist of an array of triangles and thin channels (0.08 mm wide, 0.200mm deep). Preliminary attempts to machine polycarbonate proved to not be a viable option as feature dimensions were not held, and optical clarity was lost during machining. This led to creating negative molds to cast the features into a plastic resin. Process parameters such as resin material, mold release and application technique, curing pressure, and postcuring temperature were varied and tested to obtain the best final product. An optimal final product consisted of a part without bubbles or voids, was optically transparent, and retained correct feature dimensions.
Implementation of the Tahfidz Daurah Program in Improving the Quality of Qur'an Memorization Among Students at Muhammadiyah Kwala Madu Langkat Islamic Boarding School

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This research began with the researcher's curiosity about the existence of a Quran quarantine program known as the daurah tahfidz program at Pondok Pesantren Muhammadiyah Kwala Madu Langkat. Through an intensive and structured approach, it is hoped that this program can facilitate students in achieving a memorization target of 5 juz effectively and sustainably. This research aims to understand how the implementation of the daurah tahfidz program improves the quality of Quran memorization among students at Pondok Pesantren Muhammadiyah Kwala Madu Langkat, which includes planning, execution, and supervision. The research method used in this study is qualitative research with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that before the implementation of the tahfidz program, the ustadz/ustadzah first made a plan. The planning of the daurah program was structured by the Muhammadiyah Kwala Madu Langkat Islamic Boarding School. The implementation of the tahfidz daurah program at the Muhammadiyah Kwala Madu Langkat Islamic boarding school can be considered successful and has improved the quality of Quran memorization as planned. The implementation of the tahfidz course program uses the tikrar method to memorize the Qur'an. Evaluation is conducted after returning to the pesantren by participating in a muraja’ah circle guided by a Ustadz/Ustadzah.
An analysis of the inhibition of pyruvate oxidation by arsenicals in relation to the enzyme theory of vesication

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Research Article| January 01 1946 An analysis of the inhibition of pyruvate oxidation by arsenicals in relation to the enzyme theory of vesication R. A. Peters; R. A. Peters 1Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H. M. Sinclair; H. M. Sinclair 1Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R. H. S. Thompson R. H. S. Thompson 1Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd © 1946 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1946 Biochem J (1946) 40 (4): 516–524. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0400516 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation R. A. Peters, H. M. Sinclair, R. H. S. Thompson; An analysis of the inhibition of pyruvate oxidation by arsenicals in relation to the enzyme theory of vesication. Biochem J 1 January 1946; 40 (4): 516–524. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0400516 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1946 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1946 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
A Human Rights-based Approach to Conserving Protected Areas in China

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As the world's population grows and the demands for natural resources increase, protected areas are becoming more important, but also more threatened. On the one hand, conservation of protected areas can contribute to the safeguarding of human rights; on the other hand, neglecting human rights can be a trigger for the mismanagement and destruction of protected areas. How can an objective and systematic approach be used to balance human rights protection and the conservation of protected areas? A well-balanced human rights-based approach seems to be the answer. This book draws lessons from Europe on how certain human rights can empower individuals, local communities and environmental NGOs in order to enhance their role in conserving protected areas in China. The author introduces the theory of a human rights-based approach to conservation and points out its advantages and challenges. Next, four main human rights, namely the right to property, the right to information, the right to participation and the right to access to justice, both in China and in Europe, are analysed in a theoretical and historical way. The key features of these four human rights are examined, as are the main reasons for their different approaches in China and in Europe. Thirdly, the book makes suggestions for how to implement a human rights-based approach to the conservation of protected areas in China, based on the experiences and lessons from the European legal system. In the last part, the author draws a general conclusion and suggests an outlook for the future.
Editorial comment: Findings regarding non-sexual penile fracture in a referral emergency hospital

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This paper called my attention as the number of patients studied on this very uncommon pathology is incredibly significant.The authors gathered, retrospectively, 149 men with a history of penile fracture (PF) who sought the emergency room of a very high-volume public hospital in Brazil, between January 2014 and January 2019 (1).I did not find any paper with such a considerable population published, at least recently on the literature.All cases were operated on immediately by a Urologist and his Resident on duty.The penis was degloved after a circumcision and the hematoma was evacuated and the tear on the tunica albuginea identified and repaired.If a urethral lesion was found, it was treated with a simple interrupted closure under a Foley catheter.Of a total of 149 patients submitted to surgical treatment for PF, 18 (12%) reported non-sexual cause.Twelve (66.6%) cases were due to penile manipulation through the act of bending the penis during morning erection, three (16.6%)when rolling over in bed with erect penis, one (5.5%)when embracing the wife during erection, one (5.5%) to laying on the partner with erect penis and the other (5.5%) when sitting on the toilet with an erection.A recent metanalyses identified a new subpopulation associated with non-sexual activity penile fracture: injection of collagenase Clostridium histolyticum used in the treatment of Peyronie's disease (2).We do not have this treatment option available in Brazil.The authors report using ultrasound imaging only on a few cases who the diagnosis was difficult.They did not have available, magnetic resonance imaging, although it should be the first tool used on this condition (3).I understand that the authors were indeed very lucky relying on just this tool, and did not find any "false" penile fracture, such as dorsal vein rupture, although this should be considered a surgical emergency as well (4).It would be interesting to know the relationship between the hours of evolution of the penile fracture until the surgery was performed, and the progression with erectile dysfunction and formation of nodules and plaques.The literature reports it is particularly important to operate as soon as possible any case of penile fracture.Delay more than 24 hours was found to be associated with wound infection and ED (5,6).The authors report that they operated on every case, regardless of the timing of the occurrence.Sharma and cols reported on a study of 68 men who fractured their penis during sexual activity, and found that age (>50 years) and bilateral corporal involvement were risk factors for development of ED post-operatively (7).Finally, the authors found that in the Brazilian population there is not the attitude of bending their own penis to achieve detumescence.In their series, only one case of sitting on the toilet with erect penis.This is a quite common habit in the middle east countries called Taghaandan (8).