jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
How Does a Needs-focused Learning Community Program Affect Coaches' Knowledge and Practices?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

HOW DOES A NEEDS FOCUSED LEARNING COMMUNITY PROGRAM AFFECT COACHES’ KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES?Effective coaches need to consistently improve their athletes’ competence, confidence, connection, and character (the 4 Cs). That requires coaches to continuously benefit from relevant scientific information. However, the transfer of relevant sports science information into coaching practices has been a vexing problem in many coaching cultures. Formal learning opportunities fall short in meeting coaches' context-specific needs. They usually have the false assumption that coaches have an adequate conceptual understanding of translating the scientific information provided in their situation. Coaches value informal ways of learning more, by which they can reach needed information, understand, and translate into their situation. The potential of the Learning Community Approach has been evidenced in recent coaching literature to effectively bridge that knowledge gap. However, previous informal small-scale coach education programs usually were not directly built upon coaches’ direct contextual needs. More importantly, there is a need to clearly define the specific pathways of coaches’ knowledge internalization process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a needs assessment-based learning community program (LCP) on coaches’ perceived knowledge and practices. Six coaches from a competitive youth artistic gymnastics setting participated in the study. In defining coaches' professional needs, forty-five gymnasts and their coaches from nine teams completed the adapted and validated form of a proposed measurement toolkit that aims to measure youth athletes’ 4 Cs. The content of the LCP was developed based on the 4 Cs framework and the identified needs in each outcome. A five-stage knowledge internalization strategy was developed for the coaches to effectively translate relevant scientific information. A video-recorded and fully transcribed text of a six-week LCP, interviews with the facilitator and a visiting sports psychologist, a focus group interview with the coaches, and researcher field notes were qualitative data sources analyzed through thematic analysis. The coaches perceived that LCP provided an excellent environment for their reach and comprehension of relevant scientific information. Furthermore, they became able to conceptually define and communicate their professional needs with experts (e.g., sports psychologist), and, reportedly, started to improve some of their coaching practices accordingly. The study has critical implications for developing effective complementary coach education programs to facilitate coaches' professional development in different coaching cultures. Keywords: Coach education, professional development, a learning community approach, athletes’ outcomes, knowledge transfer, youth sport
Variable Clinical Spectrum of the Most Common Inborn Error of Bile Acid Metabolism—3β‐hydroxy‐Δ5‐C27‐steroid Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Objective: We studied the clinical features of children with 3β‐hydroxy‐Δ 5 ‐C 27 ‐steroid dehydrogenase (3β‐HSDH) deficiency presenting to King's College and Great Ormond Street hospitals between 1989 and 2005. The diagnosis was made biochemically by detection of sulphated dihydroxycholenoic acids and trihydroxycholenoic acids in urine by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry or electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrophotometry and a plasma bile acid profile showing absent or low cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid levels and high concentrations of 3β‐7α‐dihydroxy‐5‐cholenoic acid and 3β‐7α‐12α‐trihydroxy‐5‐cholenoic acid. Results: Eighteen children (12 male) with 3β‐HSDH deficiency were identified and diagnosed at a median age of 1.35 years (range 8 weeks–11 years). The presenting features included neonatal cholestasis (n = 11), rickets (n = 8, 1 of whom also had hypocalcaemic tetany, seizures, and normal liver biochemical markers), hepatomegaly (n = 7), pruritus (n = 3), and steatorrhoea and failure to thrive (n = 3). Ten children had low serum 25‐OH vitamin D levels, of whom 8 also had low vitamin E and 6 had low vitamin A serum levels. Liver histology showed giant cell change and hepatocyte disarray in all with added features of cholestasis in 11, bridging fibrosis in 6, micronodular cirrhosis in 1, fatty change in 1, and active lobular and portal inflammation in 1. Five patients were treated with cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid (7 mg · kg −1 · day −1 of each), 7 with chenodeoxycholic acid only (7–18 mg · kg −1 · day −1 ), and 1 with cholic acid (8 mg · kg −1 · day −1 ) only. Repeated liver biopsies performed in 4 patients 6 months after starting replacement therapy showed improved histological changes. Three children died untreated before 5 years of age. After a median follow‐up of 5.5 years (range 1–17 years) 12 out of 13 treated children have no clinical signs of liver disease or of fat‐soluble vitamin deficiency. Conclusions: 3β‐HSDH deficiency is a rare inborn error of metabolism with diverse clinical features. Early replacement treatment leads to clinical and biochemical control and prevents chronic liver and bone disease, at least in the medium term.
Motion Dynamics of a Coupled Lighter and Sealift Ship in Seaways: A Parametric Study

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract : The joint services are presently working together to develop inter-operable components that will perform effectively as an integrated cargo transfer system compatible with sealift operations conducted in heavy seas through sea state 3. Providing rough water components is not in itself a sufficient condition for guaranteeing sea state 3 performance, however. Even as major hardware systems with sea state 3 maturity are fielded, other critical ship and shore interface links remain sea-state limited. The Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center is exploring new technologies that will enable U.S. military watercraft to exchange cargo with sealift ships during heavy seas. In a typical operation of Joint Logistics Over the Shore (JLOTS), cargo is offloaded from a large container vessel onto a smaller watercraft, such as the Amphibious Cargo Beaching (ACB) lighter, using an auxiliary crane ship (T-ACS) to make the required lifts. For the docking model of an ACB lighter coupled directly to a T-ACS during sea state 3, this report presents analytical results for motions and forces. The method of analysis selected requires the application of two successive computer codes: a hydrodynamic model that determines such basic vessel characteristics as added mass, damping and wave excitation, and a motion response model that uses output from the hydrodynamic model to calculate absolute and relative motions, and coupling forces. The stated objective is to predict typical motion responses and coupling forces so that a baseline for design requirements can be developed in support of a concept being incubated by the Government.
An Injectable Click-Crosslinked Hydrogel that Prolongs Dexamethasone Release from Dexamethasone-Loaded Microspheres

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Our purpose was to test whether a preparation of injectable formulations of dexamethasone (Dex)-loaded microspheres (Dex-Ms) mixed with click-crosslinked hyaluronic acid (Cx-HA) (or Pluronic (PH) for comparison) prolongs therapeutic levels of released Dex. Dex-Ms were prepared using a monoaxial-nozzle ultrasonic atomizer with an 85% yield of the Dex-Ms preparation, encapsulation efficiency of 80%, and average particle size of 57 μm. Cx-HA was prepared via a click reaction between transcyclooctene (TCO)-modified HA (TCO-HA) and tetrazine (TET)-modified HA (TET-HA). The injectable formulations (Dex-Ms/PH and Dex-Ms/Cx-HA) were fabricated as suspensions and became a Dex-Ms-loaded hydrogel drug depot after injection into the subcutaneous tissue of Sprague Dawley rats. Dex-Ms alone also formed a drug depot after injection. The Cx-HA hydrogel persisted in vivo for 28 days, but the PH hydrogel disappeared within six days, as evidenced by in vivo near-infrared fluorescence imaging. The in vitro and in vivo cumulative release of Dex by Dex-Ms/Cx-HA was much slower in the early days, followed by sustained release for 28 days, compared with Dex-Ms alone and Dex-Ms/PH. The reason was that the Cx-HA hydrogel acted as an external gel matrix for Dex-Ms, resulting in the retarded release of Dex from Dex-Ms. Therefore, we achieved significantly extended duration of a Dex release from an in vivo Dex-Ms-loaded hydrogel drug depot formed by Dex-Ms wrapped in an injectable click-crosslinked HA hydrogel in a minimally invasive manner. In conclusion, the Dex-Ms/Cx-HA drug depot described in this work showed excellent performance on extended in vivo delivery of Dex.
Paulos Huang: Lao Zi, The Book and the Man

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The author offers a critical study of the person and the work of Lao Zi, taking issue with the relatively sceptical positions usually adopted by most influential western scholars including Waley, Creel, Needham, Kaltenmark and Graham. International Chinese scholars such as Fung Yulan and D.C. Lau are also in this camp, the latter having doubted the very existence of Lao Zi. To have one's historical existence doubted is of course the ultimate acolade for the hagiographically privileged. But eventually there is a return to common sense. The sober historian of religions usually settles down into the view that Abraham existed, Mose existed, Jesus existed, Confucius existed and the Buddha existed. These figures were not figments of the imagination, even if much which has been said about that them is. The question is, is the present work by Paulos Huang the required swing of the pendulum in this case? He goes to considerable trouble to differentiate between that which the ancient Chinese historian Sima Qian himself seemed to be sure about, and those points about which he himself expressed uncertainty. That Lao Zi existed, and that he was responsible for a tradition of sayings which was eventually edited as the Dao De Jing , seems difficult to dispute unless all the old books are simply to be thrown aside as evidence.
Enrichment and Purification of Cyasterone in Cyathula officinalis Kuan with Macroporous Absorptive Resins

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To enrich and puriy cyasterone in Cyathula officinalis Kuan with macroporous absorptive resins.MethodsThe macroporous absorptive resin columns absorbing the Cyathula officinalis Kuan ethanol extracts were eluted respectively with water and different concentrations of ethanol,then separated and purified with silica gel column chromatography.ResultsThe high-purity of cyasterone concentrated in 75% alcohol eluant,so macroporous absorptive resins could remove impurities and absorb the essences.Conclusion It is feasible to enrich and purify cyasterone in Cyathula officinalis Kuan with macroporous absorptive resins.
Review of Sustainable Cryopreservation and Above-Freezing Storage Solutions of European Honey Bee Apis mellifera Drone Semen

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The European honey bee Apis mellifera is the main pollinator for most crops used for human consumption. However, a number of diseases, parasites, pesticides and other factors that generally result in the widely described colony collapse disorder weakens honey bee colonies. In order to maintain the existing honey bee germ lines and facilitate the creation of new disease-resistant lines, it is necessary to ensure consistent breeding work, which would also allow the long-term preservation of the unique germplasm lines. One of the most promising solutions for the preservation of honey bee germplasm is the storage of honey bee drone semen. In recent decades, there has been a renewed interest in the preservation of honey bee drone semen using both cryopreservation and above-freezing storage methods. This review summarizes the latest developments in novel sperm storage technologies and their assessment by sperm quality and queen fertility indicators. Additionally, this article analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the reviewed solutions and outlines directions in which additional research would be needed to develop effective, available and affordable drone semen storage solutions. To the best of the authors' knowledge this is the first review of cryopreservation and above-freezing storage solutions of European honey bee Apis mellifera drone semen in the scientific literature.
Cognitive Dysfunction and Imipramine in Outpatient Depressives

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A group of moderately depressed, nonpsychotic outpatients had impaired performance on a short-term item-recognition memory task (compared with a group of matched normal controls) without evidence of impaired speed or attention on two simpler tasks. Compared with placebo, treatment with imipramine hydrochloride in a multiple crossover design using three-week treatment periods led to improved performance on the memory task without either clinically apparent improvement in depression or significantly improved performance on the other task rather than a specific impairment of short-term memory, but the data do support the presence of cognitive dysfunction in depression, even in ambulatory patients without substantial impairments of attention or motor functioning. The results also indicate that antidepressant drugs can produce improvement in cognitive function, possibly as a forerunner of clinical improvement.
The provision of teaching and learning materials in science subjects in the High School of Northern Province

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study investigated the provision of science teaching and learning materials in the high schools of Northern Province. The specific objectives of the study were to identify the current practices in the provision of teaching and learning materials in high schools; to assess the adequacy and state of the existing science physical infrastructure in high schools; to establish the adequacy of teaching and learning materials in science subjects through such indicators as pupil-book ratio; pupil-laboratory space ratio; and pupil-equipment ratio and to find out the challenges which schools face in the provision of teaching and learning materials in science subjects. The study employed a survey and descriptive study research designs were used. Twenty five schools, 25 heads of science departments and 15 deputy head teachers were randomly sampled to form the study sample. Data was collected using questionnaires and observation schedules. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used for quantitative analysis of data whereas the views of participants were analysed qualitatively by grouping them into categories according to emerging themes. The findings were that some key science teaching and learning materials were not available in school. Even those which were available were not adequate. For instance, the pupil-apparatus ratio for the most abundant apparatus was 14:1. Similarly, the pupil-book ratios for the most abundant text books were 7.2:1, 14:1 and 23: for biology, chemistry and physics respectively. Most schools did not have science laboratories. Furthermore, most schools did not have a science policy. Apart from that teachers were facing a lot of challenges in the teaching of science such as over-enrolment of pupils amidst lack of teaching and learning materials. It was also revealed that the local book publishing industry and the National Science Centre were doing very little to increase the availability of teaching and learning materials in science in schools.The study recommends increased government funding towards the purchasing of science materials by increasing per pupil capita; government investment in laboratory and classroom construction and support for the book publishing industry.
Evaluation of risk factors and clinical and radiological characteristics in cortical vein thrombosis accompanying cerebral venous sinus thrombosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: The study aimed to determine the clinical relevance of cortical vein thrombosis (CVT) accompanying cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) and to investigate the risk factors. Patients and methods: This retrospective study included 176 patients (52 males, 124 females; mean age: 41.8±14.5 years; range, 16 to 72 years) with CVST between January 2015 and January 2021. The radiological, demographic, and clinical features and risk factors of patients with and without CVT were com-pared. Results: When the clinical demographic and radiological features associated with CVT were evaluated; there was a significant relationship between age, clinical onset symptom, connective tissue disease, post-partum period, presence of hypercoagulopathy, superior sagittal sinus (SSS) thrombosis, transverse sinus thrombosis, sigmoid sinus thrombosis, non-hemorrhagic venous infarct, small juxtacortical hemorrhage and large parenchymal hematomas, time to diagnosis (days), and poor clinical outcome. When significant risk factors for CVT were analyzed by binary logistic regression, the post-partum period and SSS thrombosis were independent risk factors. Conclusion: In this study, the rate of CVT accompanying CVST was 30.7%, which is higher than the studies in the literature. Cortical vein thrombosis accompanying CVST is associated with parenchymal lesions and poor clinical outcome; SSS thrombosis and the postpartum period are independent risk factors. Multicenter prospective studies are recommended for more precise information.
Hylarana garoensis: Sushil Dutta, Annemarie Ohler, Saibal Sengupta, Sabitry Bordoloi, Debjani Roy

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species.
Religion and the American Civil War.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Religion and the American Civil War. Ed. by Randall M. Miller, Harry S. Stout, and Charles Reagan Wilson. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. xiv, 422 pp. Cloth, $55.00, ISBN 0-19-512128-7. Paper, $24.95, ISBN 0-19-512129-5.) Get access David B. Chesebrough David B. Chesebrough Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 87, Issue 2, September 2000, Pages 673–674, https://doi.org/10.2307/2568828 Published: 01 September 2000
The Role of Technological Uncertainty in Markets for Technology

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Research on markets for technology has suggested that lack of participation in these markets generally stems from the need of complementary technologies in the licensing firm. Lack of participation may also be due to a lack of complementarity that unfolds over the time dimension. In fact, the value of a technological innovation to a firm may depend on the emergence of complementary technological innovations whose precise form and timing may be serendipitous and difficult to anticipate. This suggests that technological uncertainty may prevent firms from establishing a market-clearing price and may cause these markets to fail. In this paper we analyze the role played by technological uncertainty for the efficient functioning of markets for technology. For this purpose, a stylized theoretical framework is proposed, in order to shed light on a possible mechanism that may underlie the relationship between technological uncertainty and markets for technology. We argue that, in the presence of market incompleteness, technological uncertainty can make problematic the valuation of technological assets. Disagreements on valuation may then lead to less deals and, in general, to a less efficient functioning of markets for technology. In order to understand how technological uncertainty shapes the dynamics of commercialization, we explore a small market for technology whose actors are the technology licensing office (TLO) of a large academic medical center and the firms who showed interest by signing confidentiality agreements, options or licensing agreements for the TLO’s patents.
Bartoli Indole Synthesis on Solid Supports

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

[reaction: see text] Bartoli indole synthesis has been performed for the first time on solid supports. Starting from Merrifield resin, immobilization of five nitro benzoic acids was performed. Addition of four different alkenyl Grignard reagents and basic cleavage leads to substituted methyl indole carboxylates in excellent purities. Features of this reaction are the stability of halide groups, ester moieties, and tolerance of o,o'-unsubstituted nitro resins. Heck and Sonogashira reactions are also possible with immobilized indoles.
Tympanoplasty Today: Large and Small Cavities, Closed Eustachian Tube, Combined Skin Grafts

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ten years have passed since tympanoplasty became known. Looking back, we can state that the theory of the audiological principles has proved to be right. And we must add, the surgical results very frequently, as far as this is possible, have met the theoretical requirements. Themean result, naturally, is less than the theoretical one because it is difficult to restore the ideal status of the middle-ear tissue, a point which would be essential for a normal threshold of hearing. In this paper I would like to discuss a few problems concerning the surgical procedure. When performing a tympanoplasty we wish to reestablish (1) a completely healthy middle ear; (2) the functional reconstruction of the tympanum; and (3) a definitely dry external auditory canal or cavity, respectively. To be as careful as possible with the function structures—epitympanum and ossicular chain—and also not to form a large mastoid cavity instead of
Genetic diversity of Echinococcus vogeli in the western Brazilian Amazon

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Human polycystic echinococcosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus vogeli, which occurs in rural areas of Central and South America. Until now, little information on the genetic variability of E. vogeli is available. Here, 32 samples from human-excised E. vogeli cysts had a 396-bp sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene sequenced and compared to another 17 COI sequences representing nine Echinococcus species. A Bayesian COI tree revealed that all E. vogeli sequences formed a monophyletic and well-supported clade with an E. vogeli reference sequence. The occurrence of geographically restricted E. vogeli COI haplotypes suggests retention of ancestral polymorphisms with little migration in Acre, Brazil.