jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The relation of community gardens and human right to food: a case study in Berlin and Rio de Janeiro

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This empirical investigation contrasts urban food sharing practices in community gardens of two global cities facing the problems of urban vacant land and the violation of the right to food. The central inquiry guiding this investigation is: How do the principles of the right to food relate to food sharing practices within Berlin and Rio de Janeiro community gardens, and what factors explain the similarities and differences in these connections within and between these cities? The hypothesis suggests that urban food sharing within community gardens can be linked to right to food. These connections may vary based on unique socioeconomic contexts and urban challenges in each city. To empirically assess this hypothesis, the study formulated the theoretical proposition that the human right to food, the concept of urban commons, and the establishment of community gardens serve as mechanisms for addressing urban land and food crises. Interviews and questionnaires applied between 2019-2023 characterized community gardens' territorial and sociodemographic profiles by engaging with gardeners and experts (40 in total). The data had a thematic coding and analysis, combining deductive and inductive reasoning. The results confirmed the hypothesis. However, agroecological food production emerged as a unifying factor across both cities, demonstrating a shared commitment to sustainable practices. This suggests a significant international step toward social-ecological transformation in urban food and land management. The findings expanded the existing literature on the role of urban agriculture and alert for the necessary promotion and protection of community gardens.
Chicken soup: grandma comfort recipe or does it really helps?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background:
Chicken soup has been a hot debate for its use in treatment modalities for common respiratory conditions. Chicken soup is a grandmother’s home remedy for common cold since ages.

Methods:
This article reviews the effectiveness of chicken soup as a household remedy. In this review article we explored the scientific basis of its use and benefit by going through different articles published in Pubmed and Ebsco.

Results:
Chicken soup is found to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative properties, and inhibits neutrophilic migration. It has a positive effect in secretary IgA and provides us with great feeling of comfort in times. Chicken soup is also a potential source of protein, but the use of chicken soup as lone treatment modalities for medical conditions needs caution and proper consideration of its usefulness.

Conclusion:
Chicken soup has obvious beneficial role in common cold and some respiratory conditions. Due to its nutritious value with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties it can be considered as an add on natural therapy to preexisting treatment modalities.
The Harbour of Trepassey with Mutton and Biscay Bays -- The road and Harbour of Placentia. By James Cook -- St. Mary's Harbour. Printed for R. Sayer & J. Bennett, No. 53 in Fleet Street. 10 May 1770. J. Jeffreys sculp.

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Three nautical charts of Trepassey Bay, Mutton Bay, Biscay Bay, Placentia Bay and Saint Mary's Bay, Newfoundland, in 1770. Charts show cities, topography, bodies of water, drainage, bays, ports, anchorage, shoals, rocks and depths, given in fathoms. Relief shown with hachures. Includes rhumb lines, bar scales (scales differ) and compass roses with north oriented toward top of sheet. Black and white copper-engraving. Together, charts are 34 x 29 cm, on plate 57 x 37 cm.
RACQUET SPORTS PATTERNS OF INJURY PRESENTING TO A SPORTS INJURY CUNIC

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In an 8-year retrospective study, 631 injuries due to the racquet sports of squash (59%), tennis (21%) and badminton (20%) were seen in a sports injury clinic, males predominating (58 to 66%). The proportion of squash injuries was higher than expected and probably relates to higher physical stress and risk of contact in this sport. Also they occurred mainly in persons over 25 years (59%) i.e. the reverse for sport in general. Acute traumatic injuries were seen especially in squash players, a majority affecting the knee, lumbar region, muscles and ankle. Tennis injuries differed most with lateral epicondylitis, patello-femoral pain and lumbar disc prolapse being relatively common. The badminton injury pattern overlapped the others. Lower limb injuries predominated in all three. Detailed assessment of 106 cases showed many to be new, infrequent, social players. Poor warm-up was a common factor in new and established players. The importance of these findings is discussed.
Factors influencing Frailty in elderly AIDS hospitalized patients in a hospital in south-west China: a cross-sectional study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Frailty is the main factor leading to functional decline and death in the elderly, and increases the adverse clinical outcomes of elderly AIDS patients. Early identification of reversible frailty factors in elderly AIDS patients and active intervention can delay the frailty and disability of elderly AIDS patients. This study investigated the status and influencing factors of frailty in 219 elderly AIDS hospitalized patients, of whom 161 (73.52%) developed frailty. The results of univariate analysis showed that nutritional status, cognitive status, anxiety, and depression were all related to frailty in elderly AIDS patients, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that elderly AIDS patients with malnutrition (OR = 0.172, 95%CI: 0.054–0.550, P = 0.003) and moderate anxiety (OR = 6.540, 95%CI: 1.776–24.079, P = 0.005) were more likely to develop frailty. The survey results show that the prevalence of frailty is high among elderly AIDS hospitalized patients in China. We should pay attention to the current situation of frailty among AIDS hospitalized patients and take effective intervention measures as early as possible to delay the occurrence of frailty.
Effective Strategies for Managing Continuous Consultant Turnover in IT Project Teams

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Information Technology project managers have found that collective turnover of consultants lowers code quality, increases knowledge loss and negatively impacts team performance. Within the last decade, companies have begun to see that offshore consultants have a turnover rate greater than 26%, more than double the rates for the rest of the IT consulting industry. Collective turnover also puts additional pressure on the project team, causing work exhaustion and thus additional turnover. The purpose of this single case study was to explore strategies that 6 successful project managers utilized to limit and reduce the impact of collective turnover of their hybrid sourced project teams. Participants were selected through purposeful sampling, based on career experiences and history of successful project execution. Data collection was completed through semi structured face to face interviews, acquisition of company documents including knowledge transfer plans, onboarding documents and turnover statistics. Data were analyzed using coding and key word analysis. Three themes emerged from data collection on the impact collective turnover has on hybrid sourced project teams. First, collective turnover of consultants decreased team performance. Second, improving global team dynamics reduced the negative impact of collective turnover. Last using knowledge transfer tools and project documentation practices reduced the negative impact of collective turnover. This research may contribute to effectively social change by providing managers information and techniques to improve global team dynamics and remove cultural barriers from the workplace.
A Global Ethic in World Politics: The Middle Way Between "Real Politics" and "Ideal Politics"*

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Let me avoid from the very beginnings all possible misunderstandings concerning the term ethic: it is not a new ideology or superstruc ture; it will not make the specific ethics of different religions and philosophies superfluous; it is therefore no substitute for the Torah, the Sermon on the Mount, the Qur'an, the Bhagavadgita, the Discourses of the Buddha, or the Sayings of Confucius. A global ethic is nothing but the necessary minimum of common values, standards, and attitudes; in other words, a minimally basic consensus relating to binding values, irrevocable standards, and moral attitudes, which can be affirmed by all religions despite their dogmatic differences and should also be sup ported by nonbelievers. This interreligious and intercultural consensus of values will be a deci sive contribution to overcome the crisis of orientation which became a world problem. And it will also help?which is the topic of this lecture?to build an ethical foundation of global politics. But does global politics really need an ethical foundation? Is it not better to rely on Realpolitik, real pol itics?
Ulam-Hyers stability of undecic functional equation in quasi-$\beta$-normed spaces: Fixed point method

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we acquire the general solution of the undecic functional equation $$\\begin{align*} & f(x+6y)-11f(x+5y)+55f(x+4y)-165f(x+3y)+330f(x+2y)\\\\ & \\qquad\\qquad -462f(x+y)+462f(x)-330f(x-y)+165f(x-2y)-55f(x-3y)\\\\ & \\quad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad +11f(x-4y)-f(x-5y)=39916800f(y). \\end{align*}$$ We also obtain the generalized Ulam-Hyers stability of the above functional equation in quasi-$\\beta$-normed spaces using fixed point method. Moreover, we investigate the pertinent stabilities of the above functional equation using sum of powers of norms, product of powers of norms and mixed product-sum of powers of norms as upper bounds. We also present a counter-example for non-stability of the above functional equation in singular case.
Self-Study: The Fifth Commonplace

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper argues that there has been academic amnesia in the field of self-study with respect to the intellectual heritage underlying self-study as a way of understanding teaching practice. From Aristotle to Dewey, the concept of practical inquiry or deliberation has been a recurrent theme. However Schwab's exploration of the role of the ‘practical’ is the most significant in recent times in focusing attention on ‘the teacher as knowledge creator’ and interpreter of curriculum in classroom settings. This work is particularly important as it came at a time when educational research sought a place in the academy, and ‘technical rationality’ (Schön, 1983) was the vehicle for establishing that position. Schwab's characterisation of classroom practice, in terms of four commonplaces (the teacher, the student, the milieu, and the subject matter), highlighted the significance of the practical and paved the way for what we argue is the fifth commonplace: self-study.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 230 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "Country is Spain", "TaxonKey is Sagina merinoi Pau ex Merino" ] } The dataset includes 230 records from 24 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0233384-200613084148143/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Model calculation of the optical properties of 3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (PTCDA) thin films

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The marked difference between the optical absorption of dissolved PTCDA monomers and crystalline films is analysed in terms of the deformation of an effective internal vibrational mode of the molecule and transfer of Frenkel excitons between different molecular sites in the crystal. It is shown in detail that the coupling between equivalent molecules in different crystal unit cells, especially among stack neighbours, dominates over exciton transfer between the two different molecules in the crystal basis. The first type of interaction leads to a pronounced deformation of the expected Poisson progression over subsequent vibrational levels while the latter is responsible for a small Davydov splitting and, consequently, different absorption lineshapes along different crystal axes.
Optimal control strategies for infectious disease management: Integrating differential game theory with the SEIR model

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The rapid spread of infectious diseases poses a critical threat to global public health. Traditional frameworks, such as the Susceptible–Exposed–Infectious–Recovered (SEIR) model, have been crucial in elucidating disease dynamics. Nonetheless, these models frequently overlook the strategic interactions between public health authorities and individuals. This research extends the classic SEIR model by incorporating differential game theory to analyze optimal control strategies. By modeling the conflicting objectives of public health authorities aiming to minimize infection rates and intervention costs, and individuals seeking to reduce their infection risk and inconvenience, we derive a Nash equilibrium that provides a balanced approach to disease management. Using Picard’s iterative method, we solve the extended model to determine dynamic, optimal control strategies, revealing oscillatory behavior in public health interventions and individual preventive measures. This comprehensive approach offers valuable insights into the dynamic interactions essential for effective infectious disease control.
Working Conditions of Pulmonologists Working in State Hospitals

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Amaç: Devlet hastanelerinde (DH) görev yapan Göğüs HastalıklarıUzmanları'nın çalışma şartlarını ve göğüs hastalıkları hastanesinde (GHH) çalışıyor olmanın bu şartlarda
Exergetic, Energetic, and Quality Performance Evaluation of Paddy Drying in a Novel Industrial Multi-Field Synergistic Dryer

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The present work proposes a novel industrial multi-field synergistic dryer with a drying capacity of 3.45 t/h. The energy, exergy, and quality aspects of the drying process were studied. An energy–exergy methodology was employed to estimate the energetic and exergetic performance, heat loss characteristics and heat recovery behavior of the dryer. Additionally, the quality of the dried paddy seeds was evaluated by its crackle ratio, generation potential, and generation rate. The results showed that the overall energy and exergy efficiency ranged from 13.26% to 56.63% and 39.03% to 60.23%, respectively. The improvement potential rates of the whole system varied from the lowest 8.49 kW to the highest 15.83 kW and respectively accounted for 15.81–29.48% of the total exergy input, indicating that the performance of the dryer is acceptable. The total recovered radiant energy and radiant exergy recover rate were respectively ascertained to be 237.64 MJ and 0.26 kW. As for the quality aspect, the generation potential and generation rate of the dried paddy seeds respectively ranged from 75% to 90% and 69% to 88% while the crackle ratio of the paddy seeds was 1%, which indicated that the quality performance of the dried seed is of economic viability.
Indoor Airflow Dynamics in Compartmentalized Pneumology Units Equipped with Variable-Thickness MERV-13 Filters

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Infection containment in the post-pandemic scenario became a top priority for healthcare engineering control staffers, especially in pneumology sectors, where the treatment of airborne infectious diseases is frequent. In Brazil, where COVID-19 left a long record of casualties, there is a lack of information on the influence of filtration systems on the maintenance of regulated operational conditions for indoor comfort in hospital environments. This paper has the following objectives: to study arrangements of filtering systems in hospital acclimatization ducts; to verify how filtering characteristics could compromise safety regulations for airflow in hospital environments; and to identify airflow stagnation points that might favor suspended viral concentrations and increase contamination risks. We used the computational fluid dynamics STAR-CCM+© software to perform numerical simulations of different cases of indoor airflow in a model corresponding to a sector of the Lauro Wanderley University Hospital (João Pessoa city, Brazil). We concluded that standards for maximum velocity are reachable despite thinner or thicker filters affecting the spread of the air. In this way, acclimatization systems are limited by a tradeoff between regulation and protection. Our findings are relevant to future technological development, interventions, safety strategies amidst contamination scenarios, and new filtration arrangements in hospital environments.
The effect of hot corrosion on mechanical properties of the tin-doped titanium aluminide alloy

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This work investigates the hot corrosion behaviour of Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.3Si and Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.3Si-1Sn alloys under 25 wt.% NaCl and 75 wt.% Na 2 SO 4 molten salt mixture at 900 °C. The alloys were developed through vacuum arc melting and casting. The corrosion kinetics of the alloys were measured by mass change per unit surface area. The results revealed that both alloys experienced hot corrosion attacks; however, Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.3Si-1Sn alloy demonstrated superior corrosion resistance and retained good mechanical properties compared to the Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.3Si.
Regional leader-following consensus of multi-agent systems with saturating actuators

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

For a linear system that has a pole in the open right-half plane and is subject to actuator saturation, global asymptotically stabilization cannot be achieved. As a result, a multi-agent system containing such an actuator saturating agent can only reach regional consensus, that is, consensus can be achieved only when the initial state of each agent resides in a region of the state space. The region of all these initial states is referred to as the domain of consensus. In general, the domain of consensus cannot be exactly characterized. In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating the domain of consensus of a multi-agent system with an agent subject to actuator saturation. A set of necessary and sufficient conditions under which an ellipsoidal set can be used as an estimate of the domain of consensus are established. Based on these conditions, an LMI-based optimization problem is formulated for obtaining the largest ellipsoidal estimate of the domain of consensus. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and show the relationship between the size of the largest ellipsoidal estimate and the communication topology of the multi-agent system.
Elasticity of substitution and social conflict: a structuralist note on Piketty’sCapital in the Twenty-first Century

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper presents a structuralist analysis of the elasticity of substitution between capital and labour, with an application to the US economy. The paper shows how the elasticity of substitution is an aggregated residual parameter, as well as how fluctuations of it can be explained in terms of technological, distributive, demographic and demand shocks. Then, based on a 2×2 dynamical model for the wage share of income and the employment rate, the paper analyses Thomas Piketty’s theoretical proposition that the functional distribution of income may not be stationary.
A qualitative study of perceived barriers to hepatitis C care among people who did not attend appointments in the non-urban U.S. South

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background : Most people diagnosed with Hepatitis C virus (HCV) have not linked to care, despite the availability of safe and effective treatment. We aimed to understand why people diagnosed with HCV have not pursued care in the non-urban southern United States. Methods: We conducted a survey and semi-structured interview with participants referred to an HCV clinic who did not attend an appointment between 2014 and 2018. Our clinic is located in a non-urban region of Virginia at a university hospital. Qualitative data collection was guided by the Health Belief Model (HBM). Data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis to identify key factors influencing patient perceptions regarding HCV and pursuit of care. Results: Over half of previously referred patients (N=200) could not be reached by phone. Eleven participants enrolled, including 7 men and 4 women. Based on survey responses, unreliable transportation, unstable housing, substance use, and lack of insurance were common. Participants demonstrated good knowledge of HCV disease, complications, and treatment. On qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews, final themes emerged from within and between HBM constructs. Emerging themes influencing patient perceptions included (1) structural barriers, (2) stigma, (3) prior experiences of HCV disease and treatment, (4) discordance between the recognized severity of HCV and expected impacts on one’s own health, and (5) patient-provider relationship. Substance use was not identified to be a barrier to care. Conclusions: Participants perceived individual and structural barriers to linking to care. A strong HCV knowledge base was not sufficient to motivate pursuit of care. Efforts to improve linkage to care must address barriers at multiple levels, and system-level changes are needed. As the majority of previously referred patients could not be contacted by phone, current approaches to patient engagement are not effective for reaching these populations. Expansion of HCV care to primary care settings with an established patient-provider relationship or co-located treatment within substance use treatment programs may serve to increase access to HCV treatment.