jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ferritin as a reporter gene for in vivo tracking of stem cells by 1.5-T cardiac MRI in a rat model of myocardial infarction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The methods currently utilized to track stem cells by cardiac MRI are affected by important limitations, and new solutions are needed. We tested human ferritin heavy chain (hFTH) as a reporter gene for in vivo tracking of stem cells by cardiac MRI. Swine cardiac stem/progenitor cells were transduced with a lentiviral vector to overexpress hFTH and cultured to obtain cardiospheres (Cs). Myocardial infarction was induced in rats, and, after 45 min, the animals were subjected to intramyocardial injection of ∼200 hFTH-Cs or nontransduced Cs or saline solution in the border zone. By employing clinical standard 1.5-Tesla MRI scanner and a multiecho T2* gradient echo sequence, we localized iron-accumulating tissue only in hearts treated with hFTH-Cs. This signal was detectable at 1 wk after infarction, and its size did not change significantly after 4 wk (6.33 ± 3.05 vs. 4.41 ± 4.38 mm 2 ). Cs transduction did not affect their cardioreparative potential, as indicated by the significantly better preserved left ventricular global and regional function and the 36% reduction in infarct size in both groups that received Cs compared with control infarcts. Prussian blue staining confirmed the presence of differentiated, iron-accumulating cells containing mitochondria of porcine origin. Cs-derived cells displayed CD31, α-smooth muscle, and α-sarcomeric actin antigens, indicating that the differentiation into endothelial, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle lineage was not affected by ferritin overexpression. In conclusion, hFTH can be used as a MRI reporter gene to track dividing/differentiating stem cells in the beating heart, while simultaneously monitoring cardiac morpho-functional changes.
Molecular mapping of three male-sterile, female-fertile mutants and generation of a comprehensive map of all known male sterility genes in soybean

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In soybean, an environmentally stable male sterility system is vital for making hybrid seed production commercially viable. Eleven male-sterile, female-fertile mutants (ms1, ms2, ms3, ms4, ms5, ms6, ms7, ms8, ms9, msMOS, and msp) have been identified in soybean. Of these, eight (ms2, ms3, ms5, ms7, ms8, ms9, msMOS, and msp) have been mapped to soybean chromosomes. The objectives of this study were to (i) locate the ms1, ms4, and ms6 genes to soybean chromosomes; (ii) generate genetic linkage maps of the regions containing these genes; and (iii) develop a comprehensive map of all known male-sterile, female-fertile genes in soybean. The bulked segregant analysis technique was used to locate genes to soybean chromosomes. Microsatellite markers from the corresponding chromosomes were used on F 2 populations to generate genetic linkage maps. The ms1 and ms6 genes were located on chromosome 13 (molecular linkage group F) and ms4 was present on chromosome 2 (molecular linkage group D1b). Molecular analyses revealed markers Satt516, BARCSOYSSR_02_1539, and AW186493 were located closest to ms1, ms4, and ms6, respectively. The ms1 and ms6 genes, although present on the same chromosome, were independently assorting with a genetic distance of 73.7 cM. Using information from this study and compiled information from previously published male sterility genes in soybean, a comprehensive genetic linkage map was generated. Eleven male sterility genes were present on seven soybean chromosomes. Four genes were present in two regions on chromosome 2 (molecular linkage group D1b) and two genes were present on chromosome 13 (molecular linkage group F).
Analysis of Applications of the Rice Blast Disease-Resistance Pita-R Gene and Development of Pita-R-dCAPS Marker for Efficient Marker-Assisted Selection

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Rice blast is a detrimental rice disease caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae . Here, we identified a resistance gene from the rice cultivar Fuhui 2663 which is resistant to the rice blast isolate KJ201. Through isolated population analyses and sequencing approaches, the candidate gene was traced to chromosome 12. With the use of a map-based cloning strategy, the resistance gene was ultimately mapped to an 80-kb resistance locus region containing the Pita gene. Candidate gene prediction and cDNA sequencing indicated that the target resistance gene in Fuhui 2663 was allelic to Pita , thus being referred to as Pita-R hereafter. Further analysis showed that the Pita-R protein had one amino acid change: Ala (A) residue 918 in Pita-R was replaced by Ser (S) in Pita-S, leading to a significant change in the 3D structure of the Pita-S protein. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout experiments confirmed that Pita-R is responsible for the resistance phenotype of Fuhui 2663. Importantly, Pita-R did not affect the main agronomic traits of the variety compared to the Pita gene as verified by knockout experiments, indicative of potential applications of Pita-R in broader breeding programs. Furthermore, a Pita-R-dCAPS molecular marker with good specificity and high efficiency was developed to facilitate rice breeding for resistance to this devastating disease.
Nodules resembling arachnoid villi in pulmonary venules in plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We have found nodules histologically resembling arachnoid villi adjacent to pulmonary venules in a woman of 30 years with primary pulmonary hypertension. Such lesions have been reported previously in cases of mitral stenosis and pulmonary thromboembolism and we believe them to absorb excess water from the interstitial tissues of the alveolar walls, thus protecting the lung from the development of edema. In this way they seem to have a similar function to that of cerebral arachnoid villi and granulations which transport cerebrospinal fluid into the dural sinuses.
The ER protein CANX (calnexin)-mediated autophagy protects against alzheimer disease

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Although the relationship between macroautophagy/autophagy and Alzheimer disease (AD) is widely studied, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, especially the regulatory role of the initiation signaling of autophagy on AD. Here, we find that the ER transmembrane protein CANX (calnexin) is a novel interaction partner of the autophagy-inducing kinase ULK1 and is required for ULK1 recruitment to the ER under basal or starved conditions. Loss of CANX results in the inactivity of ULK1 kinase and inhibits autophagy flux. In the brains of people with AD and APP-PSEN1 mice, the interaction of CANX and ULK1 declines. In mice, the lack of CANX in hippocampal neurons causes the accumulation of autophagy receptors and neuron damage, which affects the cognitive function of C57BL/6 mice. Conversely, overexpression of CANX in hippocampal neurons enhances autophagy flux and partially contributes to improving cognitive function of APP-PSEN1 mice, but not the CANX variant lacking the interaction domain with ULK1. These findings reveal a novel role of CANX in autophagy activity and cognitive function by cooperating with ULK1. Abbreviation: AD: Alzheimer disease; APEX: ascorbate peroxidase; APP: amyloid beta precursor protein; APP-PSEN1 mice: amyloid beta precursor protein-presenilin 1 transgenic mice; ATG: autophagy related; Aβ: amyloid-β; BiFC: bimolecular fluorescence complementation; CANX: calnexin; EBSS: Earle’s balanced salt solution; EM: electron microscopy; IP: immunopurification; KO: knockout; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MWM: Morris water maze; PLA: proximity ligation assay; PtdIns3K: class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; SQSTM1/p62, sequestosome 1.
Functional Outcomes of Femoral Shaft Fractures in Children Treated with Titanium Elastic Nailing

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Pediatric femoral shaft fractures are common injuries with significant implications, requiring careful management to stabilize the fracture, maintain alignment, and reduce complications for the child and their family. This study aims to evaluate the functional outcomes of femoral shaft fractures in children treated with Titanium Elastic Nailing (TEN), focusing on its effectiveness as a minimally invasive treatment modality. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the functional outcomes of femoral shaft fractures in children treated with titanium elastic nailing. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from July 2017 to June 2019, involving 30 children aged 6-14 years with mid-diaphyseal femoral fractures. Preoperative evaluations and postoperative management, including limb rest, exercises, antibiotics, and pain management, were conducted. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 17, and ethical approval was obtained. Results: Among 30 patients, 66.7% achieved union within 7-10 weeks and 90.0% full weight bearing within 8-12 weeks. Only 6.7% had minor complications, and 76.7% showed no leg length discrepancies or malalignments. Most patients (70.0%) had knee motion >130°, with 73.3% returning to pre-injury activities. Flynn’s TEN Scoring Criteria indicated predominantly excellent outcomes with minimal complications or pain. Conclusion: Titanium elastic nailing effectively treats pediatric femoral shaft fractures, promoting timely recovery and excellent functional outcomes with minimal complications.
A New General Equation of Mean Particle Size for Different Atomization Processes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In conventional studies, different empirical atomization equations are correlated for different kinds of atomization methods or even in the same method. In the present study, it was found that the basic law of melt breakup from bulky liquid into droplets can be universally applied to all atomization methods. Based on theoretical analysis, a new general equation of mean particle size applicable to both conventional atomization methods and new atomization processes is presented. The mean particle size in melt atomization is mainly controlled and decided by two key dimensionless parameter groups representing the liquid stability of melts and the breakup ability of atomizer respectively. Different specific atomization mechanisms result in different formulae in conventional atomization methods. In case of gas atomization, it is equivalent with and can be changed into Lubanska Equation. In case of centrifugal atomization, it can be changed into the equations that are currently the most widely used. In case of water atomization, it is similar to the equation proposed by Grandzol and Tallmadge. According to the universal equation, new correlations for mean particle size in novel atomization processes such as Hybrid Atomization and Multistage Atomization were proposed and agreed with our experimental data well.
EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE USE OF BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS DURING THE VEGETATION PERIOD ON THE MICROBIOME OF SPRING WHEAT SEEDS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An assessment is made of the effect of spraying plants with biological products on the total microbiome of seeds of a new crop. The studies were carried out on three varieties of spring wheat of domestic breeding - Yoldyz, Burlak and Ulyanovsk-105. Preparations based on strains of endophytic bacteria isolated from seeds of spring wheat (Bacillus mojavensis PS17, Bacillus velezensis KS25) and spring barley (Bacillus velezensis KS31, Bacillus subtilis KS38) were used as biological preparations. The treatment of spring wheat crops was carried out in the phase of entry into the tube using the biological product consumption rate of 1.0 l/ha. The impact of treatments on the fungal and bacterial microbiome was assessed using quantitative PCR methods with the determination of the total (total) DNA of microorganisms per unit weight of seeds. In most cases, the use of treatment with endophytic bacteria reduces the amount of total micromycete DNA on seeds. Among the studied isolates, the Bacillus subtilis KS-38 strain was especially distinguished, which provided a significant (7.7-11.1 times) decrease in this indicator in all varieties. Bacillus mojavensis PS-17 had a significant effect (a decrease of almost 47 times) on the Ulyanovska 105 variety, and Bacillus velezensis KS-31 on the Burlak variety. On varieties Yoldyz and Ulyanovska 105, the most significant decrease in the total DNA of micromycetes was noted for endophytes obtained from spring wheat seeds (Bacillus mojavensis PS-17, Bacillus velezensis KS-25), and on variety Burlak, endophytes from spring barley seeds (Bacillus velezensis KS-31 and Bacillus subtilis KS-38). The decrease in the total DNA of micromycetes in the experiments was due to the use of the studied biological products and, to a lesser extent, varietal characteristics. For the bacterial microbiome, there were strong differences between varieties. A significant increase in the total DNA of bacteria in all studied varieties was in Bacillus mojavensis PS-17 and Bacillus velezensis KS-31. The variety (29.9%) made the greatest contribution to the variability in the content of total bacterial DNA in seeds, and the contribution of biological preparations was lower (25.5%). In the experiments, no correlation was found between the indicators of the total DNA of micromycetes and bacteria in spring wheat seeds.
The Idea of Israel: A History of Power and Knowledge

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since Israel's foundation in 1948, one guiding idea has been the cornerstone of its identity, its politics and its actions: Zionism. In this groundbreaking new history, Ilan Pappe looks at the role of ideology in Israel's development, from its inception to the present day. In doing so, he considers the role of the country's universities, education system and media, looking at their production of knowledge and information, and the way such knowledge has been used to provide an ideological scaffolding for the state and to shape realities on the ground. He explores how, in the course of one decade, the Oslo years of the 1990s, this idea came under sustained questioning for the first time - since when, former critics have once more rallied round the national consensus. Was this episode, he asks, a one-off, or does it promise a new direction for Israel? In exploring the links between academic and media institutions, and the state, The Idea of Israel explores a topic that resonates throughout the western world: the fraught interrelationship between the production of knowledge and the exercise of power.
Acquisition du français chez des enfants d'origine algérienne en contexte d'immigration et à travers différents bilinguismes

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Bilingualism in an immigration context underlies a duality between the language of origin and the language of the host country. Once the basics of the language system have been acquired in one's mother tongue, the child can extract strategies that facilitate second-language learning.
Our study consisted of an inventory of oral language levels in 11 bilingual children of Algerian origin and two bilinguals, additive and subtractive. Our approach aimed to objectify a better level of French oral language in additive bilinguals. As part of our assignments, various evaluation batteries have been proposed: the N-EEL, the L2MA as well as the Avicenne’s ELAL. In parallel with our assignments, the Beirut-Tours questionnaire was submitted to the parents of the children, allowing us to highlight certain linguistic environmental variables. Statistical analysis showed significantly higher scores for additive bilinguals in terms of their oral Arabic language skills, their morphosyntactic abilities in French as well as some of the linguistic variables inherent in additive bilingualism such as mother's level of education, age of first contact with French and degree of use of Arabic with siblings. The scores obtained in the other oral French tests did not reveal any significant difference between the two groups, notably because of the heterogeneous language profiles that the subjects presented. Given our data, it would seem interesting to study bilingualism in other communities in France, through prevention and parental support.
Distribution and inventory planning in multi-echelon supply chains under demand uncertainty

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Distribution and inventory planning in a multi-echelon system are studied under an uncertain demand context. To deal with this problem a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is proposed. This considers a multi-echelon system formed by N-warehouses and M-retailers. The problem consists on determining the optimal reordering plan for the operating network, which minimises the overall system's operation cost. The uncertain demand faced by retailers is addressed by defining the optimal safety stock that guarantees a given service level at each regional warehouse and each retailer. Also, the risk pooling effect is taken into account when determining inventory levels in each entity. A case study based on a real retailer distribution chain is presented and solved.
A History of the Theatre Costume Business

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A History of the Theatre Costume Business is the first-ever comprehensive book on the subject, as related by award-winning actors and designers, and first hand by the drapers, tailors, and craftspeople who make the clothes that dazzle on stage. Readers will learn why stage clothes are made today, by whom, and how. They will also learn how today's shops and ateliers arose from the shops and makers who founded the business. This never-before-told story shows that there is as much drama behind the scenes as there is in the performance: famous actors relate their intimate experiences in the fitting room, the glories of gorgeous costumes, and the mortification when things go wrong, while the costume makers explain how famous shows were created with toil, tears, and sweat, and sometimes even a little blood. This is history told by the people who were present at the creation – some of whom are no longer around to tell their own story. Based on original research and first-hand reporting, A History of the Theatre Costume Business is written for theatre professionals: actors, directors, producers, costume makers, and designers. It is also an excellent resource for all theatregoers who have marveled at the gorgeous dresses and fanciful costumes that create the magic on stage, as well as for the next generation of drapers and designers.
LHD 2-O_RU_Edge01 #169984.2 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 2-O port camera, where ROI is (1184,76) - (1232,136) of the original image of 1920x1080. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.
Time Series Identification Method for Extracting Structural Features

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the process of time series identification, the feature extraction problem of time series is usually a difficult problem. This is because a large amount of information in a time series is not only represented in numerical values, but also hidden in its structural features. However, changes in structural features cannot be captured only by traditional statistical methods such as mean, variance, etc. and traditional transform domain methods often destroy the structural feature of time series, such as Fourier transform, etc. In this paper, a novel and effective time series structural feature extraction method(TSFE) is proposed. It extracts the structural features of the time series by introducing the relative relationship information between the values in each time, and convert the time series into a complex network. In this complex network, the topological relationship represents the structural features of the time series, and the weights of the connected edges can represent the numerical features of time series. Therefore, this complex network can recover the raw time series without loss. At the same time, we designed the metric for the complex network after conversion. The distance between two complex networks is obtained by solving the matrix norm, and the identification of the time series is completed. Experiments prove that the above identification method of time series is effective.
Role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of aggressive periodontitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract This article critically reviews the evidence for a role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of aggressive periodontitis and discusses the study approaches commonly used to identify genetic risk factors of this disease. Available data suggest that aggressive periodontitis is caused by mutations in multiple genes, combined with environmental effects. Syndromic periodontal diseases include certain monogenic disorders that express phenotypes showing aggressive forms of periodontitis, and the genetic triggering factors of most of these syndromes have been identified. Other periodontal disease phenotypes seem to occur through different genetic predisposition patterns. Case–control and genome‐wide studies have been used to investigate the association with gene polymorphisms. Association studies and the familial aggregation of aggressive periodontitis suggest a significant genetic component in the increased predisposition to this disease. There is evidence to support the contribution of a few major genes or of multiple small‐effects genes. In addition, there is evidence of gene–gene and gene–environment interaction effects. Early studies suggested an X ‐linked mode of transmission of aggressive periodontitis, and subsequent studies support an autosomal mode. Genetic studies have the potential to improve the screening programs of subjects at risk for developing aggressive periodontitis and may enhance treatment outcome through gene therapy.
Picture-Skin, Music-Muscle: The Intersemiotic/ Intermedia Body of Olney São Paulo’s Manhã Cinzenta

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The film Manhã cinzenta (1969), by Brazilian filmmaker Olney São Paulo, is a fictional documentary in a short film, which works with fictional space scenes and real elements (clipping from newspapers, movie posters, radio news, images from student marches, and police repression). As a political-artistic form of resistance to the 1964 Brazilian civil-military dictatorship, it is a manifest against authoritarian regimes, also referring to the Latin American dictatorships of 1960-1970. Based on the work of Rajewsky and Clüver, we analyzed, from the intermediate texture, the relationship between image and music, respectively, “epidermis and muscle” by Wingstedt, threads of an artistic and political texture as elements of the constitution of a multimedia body: metaphor of resistance. The film can contribute to breaking with the logic of domination - a logic that is structured by the monopoly of discourse about the past, which in current times has been trying to extinguish from history, from memory, the violent event of the Brazilian civil-military coup. For this reason, it is important to study it, due to the importance of this film as one of the most significant films about resisting, having also been a metaphor for the life of the filmmaker himself.