jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Changes in the CAP 2014-2020 vs. modernisation of the Polish agriculture and rural areas

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In recent years transformation in the Polish agriculture and rural areas has been strongly associated with the CAP. Despite intensive changes, the modernisation still requires huge investments. This paper presents a preliminary assessment of the EC’s proposals for CAP in the period 2014-2020. Based on the comparison with the current CAP the key changes proposed are presented. They are then assessed in the perspective of the modernisation and developmental needs of the Polish agriculture and rural areas. The preliminary assessment of the EC’s proposals shows that they are not optimal for Poland. Although the changes in the CAP are not revolutionary, they can lead to significant shift of the support among different groups of beneficiaries creating losers and winners. The already gained experience with the implementation of the CAP in Poland, shows that the support must precisely fit to the individual needs of specific groups of beneficiaries if it is to be effective and efficient.
Memoirs of Haw Par villa.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Through the years, the once flourishing Haw Par Villa has taken a back seat with Singapore’s rapid development. A summation of surveys and studies related to the villa concludes this attraction as part of Singapore’s rich heritage, yet there are insufficient records of the place. By collecting shared memories of the villa, this project aims to record and capture untold experiences of different generations of locals who have seen the place from its opening in 1938 till now, and to produce an engaging, illustrative journey. The compilation of 36 booklets, categorized into 4 different themes of environment, experiences, emotions and conversation, is a visual reflection of our local heritage that focuses on reigniting the joy of family bonding.
Using Fuzzy Technology in Ambient Intelligence Environments

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Ambient intelligence (AmI, shortly) gathers best results from three key technologies, ubiquitous computing, ubiquitous communication, and intelligent user friendly interfaces. The functional and spatial distribution of tasks is a natural thrust to employ multi-agent paradigm to design and implement AmI environments. Two critical issues, common in most of applications, are (1) how to detect in a general and efficient way "context" from sensors and (2) how to process contextual information in order to improve the functionality of services. In this work we experiment a framework where hybrid techniques (distributed fuzzy control, mobile agents, fuzzy rules induction algorithms) are mixed to gain flexibility and uniformity
Shape Shifted TV: A Real Opportunity for Broadband

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Williams, D., Kegel, I.C., Ursu, M.F., Cook, J.J., Engler, M., Lohse, L.C., Stevens, T.S., Wyver, J., Zsombori, V., 2006. “Shape Shifted TV: A Real Opportunity for Broadband”, International Broadcast Convention (IBC) 2006, IBC06 Conference Publication, pp. 401–409.
Further results on probabilistic model validation in Wasserstein metric

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In a recent work [1], we have introduced a probabilistic formulation for the model validation problem to provide a unifying framework for (in)validating nonlinear deterministic and stochastic models, in both discrete and continuous time. As an extension to that work, this paper provides rigorous performance bounds for the model validation algorithms presented in [1]. Further, it is shown that the existing method of barrier certificate based nonlinear invalidation oracle, can be recovered as a special case of the proposed formulation. Some results are derived to quantify the effects of initial uncertainty on the Wasserstein gap. And finally, for discrete-time LTI and LTV systems, upper bounds on Wasserstein distance are derived in terms of the parameters of the systems under comparison, thus providing an offline estimate of the gap.
Construction of social presence in blended learning environments: Utilizing information technology to enhance student-centered university education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With the deepening application of information technology in higher education, the construction of students' social presence in blended learning environments has become a key factor affecting educational quality. This study employed a mixed-methods design, using 120 undergraduate students from a provincial key university as research subjects, and through quasi-experimental research explored the mechanism and influencing factors of information technology in promoting social presence construction. The findings revealed that students' overall social presence level in blended learning environments was moderately high (M=4.82), with the affective expression dimension scoring highest (M=5.12), while the group cohesion dimension showed considerable room for improvement (M=4.61). The development of social presence demonstrated distinct temporal phase characteristics, significantly increasing from 4.45 at the beginning of the semester to 5.18 at the end. The research confirmed a strong correlation between social presence and learning outcomes, explaining 47.2% of the variance in learning satisfaction, with a correlation coefficient of 0.645 with continued learning intention. Different technological tools exhibited differential effects in promoting social presence, with synchronous video conferencing systems showing the best results (5.74). Specific matching relationships existed between technological functional characteristics and social presence dimensions. The frequency of technology use and social presence showed an inverted U-shaped relationship, with optimal usage frequency being 7-9 times per week. Multi-level moderation effect analysis indicated that individual characteristics (introversion-extroversion personality, β=0.416), environmental factors (course subject characteristics, β=0.412), and technological factors (platform friendliness, β=0.451) significantly moderated the relationship between technology use and social presence. The study constructed a matching theory between technological functional characteristics and social presence dimensions, expanding the application boundaries of social presence theory in blended learning contexts, and providing important theoretical foundation and practical guidance for the precise design of blended learning environments and student-centered educational reform.
[The broad phenotypic spectrum of SCA-3: hereditary spastic paraplegia].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is the most frequent dominantly inherited spinocerebellar ataxia. A marked phenotypic variability is a characteristic of this disorder that could involve non-cerebellar presentations. Based on several case reports describing pyramidal dysfunction as the main symptom at onset, a clinical form resembling hereditary spastic paraplegia has been proposed. We report here two further cases of MJD patients whose initial clinical presentation suggested hereditary spastic paraplegia, and a summary of the main findings of previously similar published reports. Our findings lent support to the proposal of a MJD subtype distinguished by a marked pyramidal dysfunction at onset, simulating a clinical picture of hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Skip-Thought Vectors

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We describe an approach for unsupervised learning of a generic, distributed sentence encoder. Using the continuity of text from books, we train an encoder-decoder model that tries to reconstruct the surrounding sentences of an encoded passage. Sentences that share semantic and syntactic properties are thus mapped to similar vector representations. We next introduce a simple vocabulary expansion method to encode words that were not seen as part of training, allowing us to expand our vocabulary to a million words. After training our model, we extract and evaluate our vectors with linear models on 8 tasks: semantic relatedness, paraphrase detection, image-sentence ranking, question-type classification and 4 benchmark sentiment and subjectivity datasets. The end result is an off-the-shelf encoder that can produce highly generic sentence representations that are robust and perform well in practice. We will make our encoder publicly available.
Active suspension design for a Large Space Structure ground test facility

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

For ground testing of controlled flexible space structures an active suspension design is proposed to eliminate dynamic reaction forces from the suspension cables. Thus, supporting only the constant weight forces at the hinges, an approximative dynamic g-compensation is achieved. The principle suspension actuator design is based upon apassive spring bias weight support, augmented by an electrodynamic actuator which eliminates the spring restraint forces about equilibrium. Moving mass reaction forces are compensated for by feedback of a hinge mounted dynamic force sensor output. The salient feature of the voice-coil type actuator is the on- line compensation of the inherent non-linear force-displacement characteristic by a high-speed signal processor. Due to the simple mechanical design the actuator can be easily adapted with respect to range and output force level. Moreover the overall cost is considerably reduced by elimination of complex mechanical adjustment and calibration procedures and by utilization of respective software control instead.
An Update on the Cardiovascular Pleiotropic Effects of Milk and Milk Products

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hypertension is a major risk factor in addition to atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus for the development of coronary heart disease and strokes. Several prospective clinical studies have demonstrated a possible protective effect of milk and dairy product consumption on these conditions. The putative effects of milk and dairy products are possibly mediated through their mineral content of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and vitamin D. These dairy substances exercise their blood pressure–lowering effect either directly on the arterial wall by these minerals or indirectly through blockade of the angiotensin‐converting enzyme ( ACE ) by the amino acids contained in the casein and whey of milk. The blockade of ACE results in the inhibition of production of angiotensin II , a potent vasoconstrictive peptide, and the prevention of degradation of bradykinin, a potent vasodilating peptide. For this concise review, a Medline search of the English language literature was conducted from 2006 to September 2012 and 16 pertinent papers were selected. The potential beneficial pleiotropic effects from these studies together with collateral literature will be discussed in this review.
The politics of representation in Squid Game and the promise and peril of its transnational reception

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article introduces the special forum on representations and transnational reception of Squid Game. The purpose of the forum is to draw together two groups of scholars into dialogue. The first are Korea experts in communication and cognate fields, who consider the politics of representation in the show against the backdrop of neoliberal capitalist precarity, and the second are scholars of audience reception, who point to the ways Squid Game’s overseas reception is marked by power—hegemonic power that reifies dominant ideological meanings at the site of reception and resistive power for marginalized groups at the site of reception, who produce Squid Game-related paratexts to imagine inter-racial, affective connection.
[A Case of Recurrent Esophageal Cancer Treated with Salvage Lymphadenectomy after Definitive Chemoradiotherapy].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 74-year-old man admitted with dysphagia was found to have advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, clinical stage IV (T4N2M0). We initiated definitive chemoradiotherapy(dCRT)with combined 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin chemotherapy( FP therapy)and 50.4 Gy irradiation, followed by boost FP therapy, to which the patient showed confirmed complete response(CR). Local recurrence was detected in the scar of the primary lesion at 4 months after the boost FP therapy. Photodynamic therapy(PDT)for this lesion resulted in CR. Thirteen months later, right hilar and right pericardial lymph node metastases were found. The right hilar lymph node metastases were not visible on CT after triweekly docetaxel therapy, but the pericardial lesions remained. The patient underwent salvage lymphadenectomy without further chemotherapy, and at 5 months after surgery, he was alive and recurrence-free.
Ultrastructural features of atretic ovarian follicles in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The process of follicular development and features of morphological changes are essential to understand the factors involved during folliculogenesis and to improve fertility in buffalo. Hence the objective of the present study was to report ultrastructural features of atretic ovarian follicles in buffalo. In the early stage of atresia, the involvement of mitochondria was observed and whereas in the later stages of atresia, involvement of macrophages were observed. The granulosa cells of buffalo atretic tertiary follicles were observed to contain undulation of the nuclear membrane, crescent formation of the pyknotic nuclei and loopiness and undulations of the basal lamina. These features are similar to the reports in other species. The involvement of mitochondria in the early stage of atresia suggested the probable role of a reactive oxygen free radical induced damage.
[Diverticulum of the appendix: apropos of 1 case].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A case is presented of cecal appendicular diverticulum in a 52 year-old male, initially diagnosed as acute appendicitis. We emphasize the rarity or this pathology, its clinical presentation simulating a picture of acute appendicitis and its cure by appendectomy, as well as the diagnosis by pathologic study in most cases.
Tracking the Ecological Soundness of Farming Systems: Instruments and Indicators

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Many farming practices degrade agroecosystems. High external-input or modern farming tends to degrade by pollution whereas traditional, low-input systems generally tend to degrade by erosion. Smallholders in Sub-Saharan Africa, the focus of this paper, are forced to degrade their natural resource base just to keep pace with growing populations. Out of fourteen cases from Senegal, Nigeria, Gambia, Tanzania, Zimbabwe and Kenya only one, from Upper Machakos in Kenya, managed to restore soil fertility. Not surprisingly then, topics concerning environment and agroecosystem health find themselves getting much more attention now than ten years ago. Of particular interest are methods to evaluate and monitor changes in the ecological health or soundness of a farming system. While a number of methods exist, most are too complex for farmers to understand and operate by themselves. Not only do most methods require "experts" to run them, they also take too much of the participating farmers' time. Many of these monitoring and evaluation methods also assume a level of knowledge concerning ecologically sound farming that farmers, and many of those who advise them, often do not have. In most cases, both farmers and researchers must learn what changes to the farming system are needed to make them more ecologically sound. This paper discusses possible methodologies and presents a proposal on how to design a multistakeholder learning process for agricultural development. Methods are discussed for measuring the direct environmental impact of new farming approaches and the stakeholder partnerships that influence the outcome. Examples of possible indicators are provided for this evaluation process. Farmers can use these methods and indicators to guide the transformation of their farming systems towards a more ecologically sound future. Examples of such transformations using this approach are taken from studies of smallholder farmers in Ghana and Malawi. Two conclusions are drawn. One conclusion is that ecological soundness can bring economic growth and secondly, learning requires special social processes and institutional structures to be effective.
Design of decoupled sliding mode control for the PUMA 560 robot manipulator

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the design of a decupled sliding mode control algorithm for the PUMA 560 robot arm position control. The Lagrange-Euler model of the robot is used for calculation of control law. Computer simulations of the robot with the decoupled sliding mode control and exact and non-exact model are described. The control algorithm is simple and has a good robustness with respect to the robot model uncertainty.
Leftward, Ho: The 1983 Budget

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Local elections in May 1982 delivered firm control of the council to a Left-dominated Labour Party with a manifesto bearing all the marks of the 'local socialism' of the day (see Boddy and Fudge 1984; Gyford 1985; Lansley, Goss and Wolmar 1989). Race, women's issues, antipoverty, decentralization of services — matters such as these were now firmly on the council's agenda. The manifesto also gave some important financial commitments: to protect jobs and services, to restore some of the cuts of the previous administration, and not to raise rents before 1984/85. That last promise naturally catches the eye in the light of the Solicitor's advice less than three months earlier that making no rent increase for 1982/83 would be 'almost certain to be held unlawful' and give rise to 'a likelihood of surcharge'. We will return to it later.KeywordsLocal AuthorityCapital ExpenditureCapital SpendingLegal AdviceInvestment CompanyThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Clinical outcomes of radioactive 125 I seed brachytherapy for recurrent refractory differentiated thyroid cancers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

[Objective:]The purpose of this research was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of 125I seed brachytherapy for recurrent refractory differentiated thyroid cancers. [Methods]:Between August 2005 and March 2023 33 patients with recurrence refractory of differentiated thyroid cancer were treated with 125I seed brachytherapy. 125I seeds were implanted into the tumor under the guidance of CT and/or 3D-printed template images with the median prescription dose of 126 Gy (range, 90-155 Gy). The median seed number was 54 (range 8-214). Clinical efficacy was evaluated with Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Follow-up Survival and adverse events were analyzed. [Results:]125I seeds were successfully implanted in 44 lesions among 33 patients. Lesions included 34 cervical lymph node metastases, 2 cases of recurrent thyroid lesions, 2 cases of pulmonary metastases, 3 cases of bone metastases,1 cases of pleural metastases, 1 case of mediastinal lymph node involvement, and 1 case of back soft tissue metastasis. Patients were monitored for 6–96 months. Six months postoperatively, CT images revealed 26 cases of CR, 14 cases of PR, and 4 cases of Stable Disease (SD). The ORR was 90.9% (40/44), and the LCR reached 100% (44/44) at 6 months. The median OS was 40.7 months, with 1-year,2-year,3-year, 4-year and 5-year survival rates of 91%, 88%, 74%,64.5%,and 51%, respectively.14 patients had died due to systemic metastases.No severe complications occurred. [Conclusions:]CT-guided iodine-125 brachytherapy provided a safe and effective choice for recurrent refractory differentiated thyroid cancers with significant local therapeutic effects and minor complications.
Comparison of invasive and non-invasive blood pressure monitoring in Cuniculus paca (Spotted paca)

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Cuniculus paca, a South American wild rodent with zootechnical potential, requires anesthesia for management procedures. However, limited information is available regarding safe monitoring of this animal under anesthesia. This study aimed to compare with gold standard invasive method and validate non-invasive blood pressure measurements using an oscillometric monitor in Cuniculus paca. Eight healthy adult females undergoing general anesthesia for follicular aspiration were included. Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures were measured simultaneous using, oscillometric non-invasive monitor with its cuff placed on the radial artery and an invasive catheter placed in the dorsal metatarsal artery. Measurements were compared using the t-test, correlated by Pearson test, and analyzed using the Bland-Altman concordance test. The results indicated that only systolic pressure measured by non-invasive oscillometric methos was similar to the pressure measurement by invasive method (P=0.6372, r=0.5969, bias 0.59±20.9 mmHg); while mean and diastolic pressures were underestimated by the non-invasive method. In conclusion, non-invasive oscillometric monitor provides a valid and reliable method for systolic blood pressure measurement in Cuniculus paca under general anesthesia.
In vitro organogenesis in Mothbean [Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Five varieties of mothbean viz., GMO 1, GMO 2, CZM 2, Jwala and RMO 40 were investigated for in vitro organogenesis. Significant differences were observed among the varieties, explants, medium combinations and their two and three way interactions for the days taken for green colouration of callus, per cent green colouration and number of shoots per callus piece except for variety × explant, explant × medium and variety × explant × medium interactions in case of days to green colouration of callus and explant × medium for number of shoots per callus piece. Among the six media tested, MS + 1.0 mg l-1 IAA + 3.0 mg l-1 K took significantly less number of days to green colouration of callus (21.462), showed the highest percentage of green colouration (60.086) and also produced maximum number of shoots per callus piece (5.556). Of the different varieties, GMO 2 was found to be the most responsive variety for regeneration of plants. The callus derived from leaf explants was found superior to the hypocotyl derived callus in plant regeneration. Medium. MS + 1.0 mg l-1 IAA + 3.0 mg l-1 K was recognized as the most efficient medium for plant regeneration from established callus cultures of mothbean. The differences among the varieties and medium combinations were significant for per cent rooting. The medium factor contributed maximally towards the total variation followed by variety. On the other hand, the contribution of variety × medium was the least towards the total variation. Of the different varieties, GMO2 was found to be the most responsive variety and the MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg l-1 NAA was the best medium for root regeneration.
The Myths of the Popol Vuh in Cosmology, Art, and Ritual. Edited by Holley Moyes, Allen J. Christenson, and Frauke Sachse

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Myths of the Popol Vuh in Cosmology, Art, and Ritual. Edited by Holley Moyes, Allen J. Christenson, and Frauke Sachse. 2021. Louisville: University Press of Colorado. 348pp. $108.95 (hardcover), $38.95 (paperback), $32.95 (e-book).