jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
TURKISH TOURISM CONSUMERâ€™S INFORMATION SEARCH BEHAVIOR: THE ROLE OF USER-GENERATED CONTENT IN TRAVEL PLANNING PROCESS

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Consumerâ€™s decision-making process has been altered by dissemination of social networking sites (SNSs) provided by Web 2.0 technologies. Communication and interaction among consumers in SNSs allow consumers share their opinions and view othersâ€™ opinions in their networks. The emergence of sites has highlighted the significance of electronic word-of-mouth since user-generated content (UGC) has become a source of information for consumers searching for information on products and services. UGC plays an important role in travel planning of prospective travelers, especially in information search phase. In this study, after a review of the relevant literature, the researcher aims to investigate how user-generated content are used and perceived by tourism consumers during decision making process and the role of user-generated content as a source of travel information. To achieve a better understanding about how the user-generated content was used and perceived by tourism consumers during their travel-related information search and more widely travel planning process, an exploratory study was designed based on the results of previous studies. The results of a survey conducted online suggest that tourism consumers benefit from information provided by different forms of user-generated content in their information search during the first stages of their travel planning process mainly.
Facile way to prepare well dispersed biocompatibleγ-Fe2O3nanoparticles and their properties control

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Well dispersed biocompatible gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles with a diameter of similar to 9 nm were prepared by co-precipitation in the presence of citric acid at room temperature. Particles were characterised by means of various experimental methods. Powder X-ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction demonstrated that all products have inverse spinel structure. Vibration sample magnetometery was used to measure their magnetic property. It indicated that all products have superparamagnetic property though their saturation magnetisation varied by changing the pH and the citric acid concentration. Citrate ions coating was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectra, and it revealed the coating amount was related to the pH and the citric acid concentration. The morphology, size and dispersion were observed by transmission electron microscope.
Postoperative pulmonary complications in children with neuromuscular scoliosis who underwent posterior spinal fusion.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Children with neuromuscular scoliosis may develop restrictive pulmonary disease, with substantially lower than normal predicted lung function. Posterior spinal fusion (PSF) is often used to slow down this rapid deterioration of pulmonary function. Postoperatively, these patients frequently develop pulmonary complications. In this retrospective study of 38 patients with neuromuscular scoliosis who underwent PSF, the preoperative vital capacity was related to postoperative pulmonary complications and need for postoperative ventilatory assistance. In two patients who developed postoperative atelectasis and pulmonary edema, the preoperative vital capacity was 44% of that predicted. In six patients who developed atelectasis only, it was 49.2%. In the remaining 30 patients who developed no postoperative pulmonary complications, the average was 64.6%. Low preoperative vital capacity was also shown to correlate with the need for longer postoperative ventilatory assistance. The preoperative vital capacity is an important prognostic parameter in evaluating postoperative pulmonary recovery.
Directed self-assembly cut mask assignment for unidirectional design

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Recently, directed self-assembly (DSA) has emerged as a promising lithography solution for cut manufacturing. We perform a comprehensive study on the DSA aware mask optimization problem to provide a DSA friendly design on cut layers. We first formulate the problem as an integer linear programming (ILP) to assign cuts to different guiding templates, targeting both conflict minimization and line-end extension minimization. As ILP may not be scalable for very large size problems, we then propose two speed-up strategies. The first one is to decompose the initial problem into smaller ones and solve them separately, followed by solution merging without much loss of quality. The second one is using the set cover algorithm to decide the DSA guiding pattern assignment, and then legalize the template placement. Our approaches can be naturally extended to handle arbitrary DSA guiding template patterns with complicated shapes. Experimental results show that our methodologies can significantly improve the DSA friendly, i.e., both the unresolved pattern number and the line-end extensions can be reduced.
Abstract: Trace fossils of eastern Canada: a traveling exhibit prepared by the Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History, with funding from Canadian Heritage, has been preparing a traveling exhibit on the trace fossils of Eastern Canada. The exhibit wi II be the first of its kind to concern itself exclusively with the science of trace fossils. Approximately twenty specimens from eastern Canada were selected for inclusion within the exhibit based on their palaeontological significance, regional representativeness, or historical significance. The original fossils were replicated using silicone rubber molds and cast with a relatively new material called modified gypsum. Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Quebec are endowed with an extraordinarily rich and diverse palaeoichnological history that spans close to 550 million years. Highlights of eastern Canada's palaeoichnological heritage include trackways of the world's second-oldest amphibian and secondoldest reptile. Three parallel trackways of Amphisauropus /atus provide evidence of the world's earliest herding behaviour in vertebrates. The world's smallest dinosaur trackway was fashioned by the feet of a juvenile Coe/ophysis sp. In close proximity, a prosauropod left behind an impression of its skin to captivate our imaginations. One of the largest insects to roam the Earth 315 million years ago left behind a trace that resembles a train track (Diplichnites sp.), while at the same time a pair of horseshoe crabs frolicked on a nearby beach (Kouphichnium sp.).
Coal, Control and Class Experience in South Africa's Rand Revolt of 1922

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research Article| May 01 1999 Coal, Control and Class Experience in South Africa's Rand Revolt of 1922 Peter Alexander Peter Alexander Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East (1999) 19 (1): 31–45. https://doi.org/10.1215/1089201X-19-1-31 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Peter Alexander; Coal, Control and Class Experience in South Africa's Rand Revolt of 1922. Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 1 May 1999; 19 (1): 31–45. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/1089201X-19-1-31 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter Books & JournalsAll JournalsComparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 1999: Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa & the Middle East1999 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Labor and the Left in South Africa You do not currently have access to this content.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on expectant and new parents’ experience of pregnancy, childbirth, breast feeding, parental responsiveness and sensitivity, and bonding and attunement in high-income countries: a systematic review of the evidence

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives To review the evidence on how pregnancy, birth experience, breast feeding, parental responsiveness and sensitivity, and bonding and attunement were impacted by COVID-19. Methods We searched eight literature databases and websites of relevant UK-based organisations. The review focused on evidence during pregnancy and the early years (0–5 years). Studies of any study design published in English from 1 March 2020 to 15 March 2021 and conducted in high-income countries were included. Screening and data extraction were undertaken in duplicate. Evidence was synthesised using a narrative approach. Study quality of included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results The search yielded 9776 publications, of which 26 met our inclusion criteria. Significant knowledge gaps on how COVID-19 affected pregnancy and breast feeding limited healthcare providers’ ability to provide consistent evidence-based information and care at the start of the pandemic. There was an enduring sense of loss about loved ones being restricted from taking part in key moments. Parents were concerned about the limitations of virtual healthcare provision. Some parents reported more opportunities for responsive breast feeding and improved parent–infant bonding due to reduced social and work pressures. Women from minoritised ethnic groups were less likely to continue breast feeding and attributed this to a lack of face-to-face support. Conclusions The evidence suggests that new and expectant families have been both negatively and positively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting restrictions. The impacts on parents’ opportunities to bond with their young children and to be attuned to their needs were felt unequally. It is important that emergency response policies consider the mother and the partner as a family unit when making changes to the delivery of maternal and child health and care services, so as to mitigate the impact on the family and existing health inequalities. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021236769.
Genome Sequence of the Red Pigment-Forming Meiothermus taiwanensis Strain RP Isolated from Paniphala Hot Spring, India

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Here we report the draft genome sequence of Meiothermus taiwanensis strain RP (MCC 2966), isolated from the Paniphala hot spring of India, which contains genes encoding for enzymes of the methyl erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis and carotenoid backbone synthesis.
Detecting the most appropriate delay analysis methods for mega airport projects

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose This study aims to detect the most appropriate delay analysis method in mega airport projects. Design/methodology/approach First, the criteria affecting the selection of delay analysis methods were detected through an in-depth literature review and an expert panel, which was conducted with 12 experts who have experience in delay analysis domain in mega airport projects. Later, fuzzy VIKOR (VIsekriterijumska optimizacija i KOmpromisno Resenje) approach was conducted by considering the detected selection criteria and the most common delay analysis methods. Findings Windows Analysis method was detected as the best option for mega airport projects. It was followed by Time Impact Analysis (TIA), collapsed as-built analysis, as-planned vs as-built method and impacted as-planned method, respectively. Originality/value Each project has its own characteristics and thus requires specific management techniques; therefore, selecting a delay analysis method without considering the project types and size may cause conflicts between the contracting parties. On the one hand, numerous fruitful studies concerning delay analysis methods have been conducted in the literature, but on the other hand, none of them has considered project characteristics in terms of project size and type while selecting the most appropriate delay analysis method. Moreover, the larger the size of a project is, the more vulnerable it is to encounter with delays. Mega airport construction projects are complex in their nature in that they are large size and involve multi-disciplinary processes; thus, they need special attention in the process of resolving delays. This study intended to fill this gap in the literature by focusing on selection of the most appropriate delay analysis method for mega airport projects, and it is clear that considering the project type and size in the selection of delay analysis methods will provide more reliable outcomes.
Alexia without agraphia in multiple sclerosis: case report with magnetic resonance imaging localization

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The syndrome of alexia without agraphia occurs rarely in multiple sclerosis (MS). We report a patient with right homonymous hemianopsia and alexia without agraphia as his initial manifestations of relapsing-remitting MS. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a hyperintense lesion in the left occipital subcortical white matter (WM) and an enhancing lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum. The clinical presentation and MRI findings were consistent with disconnection of the functional right occipital visual cortex from structures responsible for language comprehension in the left hemisphere. The diagnosis of MS was confirmed by subsequent development of additional periventricular WM lesions.
Telerehabilitation for persons with multiple sclerosis

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of telerehabilitation intervention in pwMS for improved patient outcomes. Specifically, we will aim to address the following questions: Does telerehabilitation achieve better outcomes compared with traditional face‐to‐face intervention? What types of telerehabilitation interventions are effective, in which setting and influence which specific outcomes (impairment, activity limitation and participation)?
Establishing material hygrothermal characteristics via long-term monitoring and best-fit numerical models

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Numerical models of heat and moisture transfer for performance forecast of lightweight insulating assemblies require many inputs. These include exterior climate data (i.e. temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation), interior climate data or standard models, transfer coefficients, correct initial conditions, etc. Most importantly, one needs reliable material models. A material model includes porosity, density, heat capacity, but also non-constant properties, such as thermal conductivity, vapor/liquid water diffusivity, sorption curves. These are, in general, difficult to determine, and material database entries often are incomplete, or simply non-existent. However, if one performs long-term monitoring of temperature and relative humidity dynamics within building envelopes, there is a way to determine hygrothermal curves and properties of the underlying materials. This can be done by performing simulations and finding the set of optimal hygrothermal curves and coefficients such that the experimental data is matched sufficiently well. Despite the appeal, this best-fit model approach is fraught with perils due to many unknowns and must be used carefully. In this article, we demonstrate the application of this method to insulating assemblies for which 6+ years' worth of experimental data is available, and showcase our results obtained using WUFI Pro 6.3 and the derived and verified material models.
The influence of insulin hypoglycemia on central dopaminergic structures of the rat.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Daily administration of insulin, 2 U/kg/day for 9 days, leads to a marked increase in the activity of central dopaminergic structures, reflected by an increase in the apomorphine or amphetamine-induced stereotypy and a decrease in fluphenazine-induced catalepsy. These changes are accompanied by a depression of cerebral dopamine and noradrenaline levels and a depression of noradrenaline utilization in the brain.
A collaborative ant colony metaheuristic for distributed multi-level uncapacitated lot-sizing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents an ant colony optimization metaheuristic for collaborative\nplanning. Collaborative planning is used to coordinate individual plans of\nself-interested decision makers with private information in order to increase\nthe overall benefit of the coalition. The method consists of a new search graph\nbased on encoded solutions. Distributed and private information is integrated\nvia voting mechanisms and via a simple but effective collaborative local search\nprocedure. The approach is applied to a distributed variant of the multi-level\nlot-sizing problem and evaluated by means of 352 benchmark instances from the\nliterature. The proposed approach clearly outperforms existing approaches on\nthe sets of medium and large sized instances. While the best method in the\nliterature so far achieves an average deviation from the best known\nnon-distributed solutions of 46 percent for the set of the largest instances,\nfor example, the presented approach reduces the average deviation to only 5\npercent.\n
Labour market strategies and welfare policies: the Conservative record

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter analyses the trajectory of Conservative welfare reform and active labour market policies post 2015. Overall, there has been a strong continuity between the Coalition government policies (2010–15) and those of successive government policies post 2015. The value of means-tested benefits has been eroded despite some temporary uplifts during the peak of the COVID-19 crisis. After a pause in benefit sanctions and conditionality in 2020–21, both the Prime Minister, Rishi Sunak, and the Chancellor, Jeremy Hunt, have fully supported the return to a harsh conditionality regime based on sticks (benefit sanctions) rather than carrots. For all the rhetoric on 'levelling up', Conservative governments have not developed a workforce investment strategy; there has been no investment in skills, health and human capital in the poorest parts of the country.
Superconducting Proximity Effect through a Magnetic Domain Wall

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study the superconducting proximity effect in a superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor (SFS) heterostructure, containing a domain wall in the ferromagnetic region. For the ferromagnet we assume an alloy with an exchange splitting of the conduction bands comparable to the superconducting gaps. We calculate the modification of the density of states in the center of the domain wall as a result of the proximity effect. We show that the density of states is sensitive to domain wall parameters due to triplet-pairing correlations created in vicinity of the domain wall. We present a theoretical tool which in a very effective way enables retaining the full spatially dependent spin-space structure of the problem.
Chrysomycin A Attenuates Neuroinflammation by Down-Regulating NLRP3/Cleaved Caspase-1 Signaling Pathway in LPS-Stimulated Mice and BV2 Cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Chrysomycin A (Chr-A), an antibiotic chrysomycin, was discovered in 1955 and is used to treat cancer and tuberculosis. In the present study, the anti-neuroinflammatory effects and possible mechanism of Chr-A in BALB/c mice and in BV2 microglia cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were investigated. Firstly, the cortex tissues of mice were analyzed by RNA-seq transcriptome to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) regulated by Chr-A in LPS-stimulated mice. Inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory proteins were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot. In RNAseq detection, 639 differential up-regulated genes between the control group and LPS model group and 113 differential down-regulated genes between the LPS model group and Chr-A treatment group were found, and 70 overlapping genes were identified as key genes for Chr-A against neuroinflammation. Subsequent GO biological process enrichment analysis showed that the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of Chr-A might be related to the response to cytokine, cellular response to cytokine stimulus, and regulation of immune system process. The significant signaling pathways of KEGG enrichment analysis were mainly involved in TNF signaling pathway, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, NF-κB signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Our results of in vivo or in vitro experiments showed that the levels of pro-inflammatory factors including NO, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17, TNF-α, MCP-1, CXCL12, GM-CSF and COX2 in the LPS-stimulated group were higher than those in the control group, while Chr-A reversed those conditions. Furthermore, the Western blot analysis showed that its anti-neuroinflammation appeared to be related to the down-regulation of NLRP3/cleaved caspase-1 signaling pathway. The current findings provide new insights into the activity and molecular mechanisms of Chr-A for the treatment of neuroinflammation.
ROENTGEN THERAPY FOR VISCERAL JUVENILE XANTHOGRANULOMA, INCLUDING A CASE WITH INVOLVEMENT OF THE HEART

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Juvenile xanthogranuloma, or nevoxantho-endothelioma, is primarily a benign, self-limiting skin disease appearing in the neonatal period. However, visceral involvement may occur with significant complications. Two cases of ocular involvement and a case with cardiac involvement have been described. Favorable results were obtained by treatment with low doses of external irradiation.
Comparison of a new bioprosthetic mitral valve to other commercially available devices under controlled conditions in a porcine model

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Current advertisement/packaging of commercial surgical mitral valves is not uniform. This study demonstrates marked variations in hemodynamics, valve opening area and anatomic dimensions between similar sized mitral bioprostheses. These data suggest a critical need for standardization and close scientific evaluation of surgical mitral bioprostheses to ensure optimal clinical outcomes.
Secondary Dormancy, Growth-Regulator Effects, and Embryo Growth Potential in Curly Dock (Rumex crispus) Seeds

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Curly dock ( Rumex crispus L.) seeds failed to germinate in the dark, but germinated readily in light at 15, 20, and 25C. A secondary dormancy was induced in these seeds by 6 days of dark or light incubation at 30C (thermodormancy), by 6 days of dark incubation at 15C, or by a prolonged soaking in −15.7 bar polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG) solution at 15C in light. The secondary dormancy induced at 15C was partially removed by 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon) in presence of light; however, when the dormancy was induced at 30C, an addition of gibberellin A 4+7 (GA 4+7 ) to ethephon was necessary for effective removal of the dormancy. The ability of growth regulators to remove the secondary dormancy induced by prolonged dark incubation at 15C decreased progressively in light as the duration of dark incubation increased. The water-potential studies indicate that the thermodormancy can be attributed, at least in part, to the inability of the embryonic cells to lower their water potential to a level sufficient to cause radicle protrusion.