jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Gradient Structured Composite Bipolar Plates for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Carbon/polymer binder composite bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells have attracted attention for their corrosion resistivity and ease of manufacturing. However, the hot-pressing fabrication process often leads to a resin-rich surface on the plate, which may increase the interfacial contact resistance. A number of studies have been reported to reduce resin accumulation on the surface. However, most reported methods have focused on how to exceed the United States Department of Energy conductivity and mechanical targets. Their fabrication methods are often complicated, which is hard to form flow channels directly in manufacturing. Herein, we propose a simple layer-by-layer method to prepare graphite/resin composite bipolar plates. During compression of the multilayer graphite/resin powder, elevated temperature and pressure make the resin in the inner polymer-rich layer flow toward the outer resin-deficient layers. Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis shows an unbroken "smiling" curve of carbon content along the whole cross-section, suggesting a continuous distribution of the resin across the whole composite. The resulting composite demonstrates a better interfacial contact resistance (9.2 mΩ cm2@100 psi) and a flexural strength (44.3 MPa) than the plates prepared by a single-layer method. Flow channels with a good molding accuracy (±4 μm) are also observed. Single-cell testing with the gradient-structured composite plate shows excellent cell performance: the cell voltage is 0.67 V at 1 A cm–2, and the maximum power density reaches 0.99 W cm–2. In situ electrochemical impedance analysis demonstrates that compared to an analogue using the single-layer loading method, the cell with gradient structured plates displays lower ohmic and mass transfer resistance than the cell using the plates prepared by a single-layer method.
Overall survival for men with high risk prostate cancer and co-morbidities after treatment with external beam radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e17047 Background: For men diagnosed with high-risk prostate cancer (HRPC), external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a standard treatment approach. However, for men with moderate to severe baseline co-morbidities, there may not be an overall survival (OS) benefit to EBRT + ADT when compared to treatment with EBRT alone. We report co-morbidity-related OS for men included in the National Cancer Database who were diagnosed with HRPC and treated with EBRT + ADT or EBRT alone from 2004 to 2012. Methods: HRPC was defined as clinical stage T3a or Gleason score ≥ 8 or PSA ≥ 20 ng/ml, in accordance with National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. Cases were limited to those that received EBRT and had 1) known ADT status, 2) baseline Charlson co-morbidity score (CCS) of 1 or more, and 3) documented survival outcome. The Kaplan-Meier method and log rank test were used to estimate the OS and difference between the treatment groups. Cox regression models were used to evaluate the effects of covariates on OS. Results: At median lengths of follow-up of 42.1 months (IQR, 24.4 – 67.9) for EBRT + ADT and 46.5 months (IQR, 27.5 – 70.4) for EBRT alone, there were 3,599 deaths (33.6%) and 1,049 deaths (25.5%) in the respective treatment groups (Log rank p < 0.001). In the EBRT + ADT treatment group, estimated median time to death was 8.5 years (95% CI 8.2-8.7) for men with CCS of 1 and 5.8 years (95% CI 5.4-6.2) for men with CCS of 2 (Log rank p < 0.001). On multivariate testing adjusted for income, insurance status, and treatment facility type there was a significant increase in the risk of death when men with CCS of 2 were compared to those with CCS of 1 (hazard ratio = 1.75, 95% CI 1.63-1.89, p < 0.001) There was no race-related increase in mortality when OS for black men was compared to that of non-Hispanic white men. Conclusions: Treatment with EBRT + ADT is associated with increased mortality when compared to EBRT alone for men with baseline co-morbidities. Among men treated with EBRT + ADT, greater number of co-morbidities is associated with decreased OS.
Night court, 1958

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

3 images. Night court, 20 March 1958. Ernest U. Cruz -- 45 years (restaurant chain owner), paternity suit; Mrs. Phyllis Taylor -- 23 years (divorcee with twins); Jean Oliver (Commissioner); Edward F. Baca (Attorney).; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Gray. Date: 1958-03-20. Reporter: Brown. Assignment: Night court. 104/103/109/72: Ernest U. Cruz, 45, restaurant chain owner, defendant in paternity suit. Mrs. Phyllis Taylor, 23, divorcee, holds twins David (L) and Dianna she says Cruz fathered. Commissioner John P. Oliver of Domestic Relations holds David (left) and Dianna; Edward F. Baca, Mrs. Taylor's attorney, in right rear".
Lagrangian Sequestration Efficiency Trajectories and Extracted Particle Metrics – 2000m Y19 & Y20

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A dataset of Lagrangian trajectories used to estimate North Atlantic sequestration efficiency and extracted metrics for the re-entrained and sequestered particles. All variables have long names and units. These files have been used for the analysis in Baker et al. ‘Biological carbon pump sequestration efficiency in the North Atlantic: a leaky or a long-term sink?’ with further information about the methodology available in the paper. Due to the size of the datasets, each DOI only contains two files. This dataset contains the 2000m particles releases for the years 2014 (Y19) and 2015 (Y20).
Pseudohalogens. XIII. Preparation and properties of N- monochlorourethane and its metallic salts

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPseudohalogens. XIII. Preparation and properties of N- monochlorourethane and its metallic saltsDaini Saika and Daniel SwernCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 12, 4548–4550Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01276a062https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01276a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rocky outcrops form islands of high and unique tree biodiversity within an ocean of grass in Serengeti National Park

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract African savannahs are characterised by a high plant diversity, partly resulting from a high turnover in community compositions across space. However, it is poorly understood what is driving this spatial turnover in plant communities. Here, we investigate to which extent the presence of rocky outcrops (also called kopjes) explains the community composition of trees in an African savannah, and how we can understand the responses of tree species to rocky outcrops by their functional traits. Along a precipitation gradient, we visited 24 sites in Serengeti National Park (Tanzania). At each site, we characterised tree communities, as well as their functional traits, in both a kopje and an adjacent open savannah plot (matrix plot). We found that kopjes harboured elevated tree abundances and species richness. Their dominant trees were more often evergreen, had a higher specific leaf area, a lower leaf nitrogen content and a lower spine density, than dominant trees in the savannah matrix. Differences in tree communities between kopjes and savannah matrix plots were generally the largest at sites with low precipitation. Our results indicate that kopjes are strong drivers of tree biodiversity, possibly due to locally increased soil moisture and low fire frequencies. The uniqueness of kopje tree communities may have important implications for higher trophic levels and ecosystem functioning.
“From villain to hero”: Harnessing the gaseous grace of nitric oxide for prolonged elegance in Antirrhinum majus L. cut spikes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The current investigation meticulously examines the efficacy of Nitric Oxide (NO) on postharvest senescence in cut spikes of Antirrhinum majus. The spikes were harvested having two or more buds at one day before anthesis stage. The spikes underwent treatment with distinct concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) viz,10 μM, 20 μM and 30 μM, while a control group was immersed in distilled water. The findings illuminate a substantial delay in senescence in cut spikes of Antirrhinum majus when subjected to SNP treatment, resulting in a notably prolonged longevity. The study postulates that the augmented postharvest longevity attributed to SNP is intricately connected to the suppression of bacterial proliferation, improved uptake of solution and enhanced membrane integrity. Moreover, the SNP treatments induced a discernible elevation in the activities of antioxidant enzymes while concurrently diminishing lipoxygenase activity, thereby alleviating oxidative stress in the floral tissues. Furthermore, the treated spikes exhibited heightened levels of soluble proteins, total phenols and sugars fractions in the floral tissues compared to the control. The concentration of 20 µM SNP emerged as the most effective, ensuring a remarkable postharvest longevity of 18 days for the spikes. In contrast, the untreated control spikes exhibited early signs of senescence and endured for a mere 8 days. This research not only sheds light on the intricate interplay of NO in postharvest senescence but also underscores the nuanced effects of SNP concentrations on the vitality and longevity of Antirrhinum majus cut spikes.
Unusual Fatal Gastric Sand Impaction in an Argentine Polo Pony in Nigeria: A Case Report

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Equine colic remains a significant health concern with complex, multifactorial aetiologies. Gastric sand impaction, while less common than large colon sand accumulation, can lead to severe complications including gastric rupture if left untreated. This report documents a case offatalgastric sand impactionin a 12-year-old Argentine Polo Pony mare from Nigeria. The mare, maintained on ground feeding with hay and commercial concentrate feed,developed progressive colic signs over three days. Despite severe clinical deterioration, including reduced appetite, abdominal discomfort, and frequent rolling, no veterinary examination was pursued. Post-mortem examination revealed a 15 cm gastric rupture with approxi-mately 8 kg of accumulated sand, accompanied by severe peritonitis and gastrointestinal inflammation.This case emphasizes the importance of proper feeding practices, regular veterinary monitoring, and prompt intervention in equine colic cases. It also demonstrates that significant sand accumulation can occur in the equine stomach, not just the large colon, potentially leading to gastric rupture. Immediate veterinary intervention for colic signs and use of elevated feeding systems to prevent fatal sand impaction are recommended.
Expression of the ToxA and PtrPF2 genes of the phytopathogenic fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis at the beginning of the infection process

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Background. Pyrenophora tritici-repentis causing a tan spot of wheat produces host-specific toxins. Materials and methods. Two P. tritici-repentis isolates with different ability to cause necrosis on the leaves of wheat cultivar Glenlea (nec+ and nec) and with different expression level of ToxA and PtrPf2 (factor transcription gene) in vitro were used for analysis. ToxA gene expression in P. tritici-repentis isolates in planta was characterized using quantitative PCR. Results. The expression of the ToxA gene in P. tritici-repentis ToxA+ isolates significantly increased when infected the wheat leaves compared to ToxA expression results obtained in vitro. The levels of ToxA expression in both isolates differed significantly after 24, 48 and 96 h after inoculation, however, the dynamics of the trait change over time were similar. However, the highest ToxA expression in the virulent (nec+) isolate in contrast with the avirulent (nec) isolate was observed at a point of 48 h. Whereas the expression of regulating transcription factor PtrPf2 in planta differed imperceptibly from expression in vitro throughout the observation period. Conclusion. Obviously, the role of the fungal transcription factor in regulating the effector gene expression weakens in planta, and other mechanisms regulating the expression of pathogen genes at the biotrophic stage of the disease develop.
Physical Condition Study of Football Players at SMP Negeri 20 Kerinci

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study aims to determine the physical condition of football players at SMP Negeri 20 Kerinci. The research method used in this study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive research type. This descriptive study analyzes and describes the physical condition of football players at SMP Negeri 20 Kerinci. Participants in this study were 35 players who represented the population. The results of the study found that out of 35 football players at SMP Negeri 20 Kerinci who had physical conditions, only 2 people (5.71%) were in the very good category and 10 people (28.57%) were in the good category. 9 people (25.71%) were in the moderate category, 13 people (37.14%) were in the poor category, 1 person (2.86%) was in the very poor category. This means that most players do not have good physical conditions. As a player or athlete, it is important to have good physical conditions so that performance during the match is optimal.
High-density NDRO magnetic-thin-film memory devices

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

High-density thin-magnetic-film memory devices using double-layer storage films with NDRO properties were designed and tested. Use of the two double-layer films-one on the bottom and the other on the top of the bit-sense line-produced a structure that allows flux closure in such a way as to make possible a high-density film array. The devices tested were experimental arrays with densities of 4400 bits per cm 2 . Test results agreed well with those predicted from the theoretical model. Static measurements, as well as dynamic worst-case pulse tests for films and storage cells, were conducted, and the resulting signals and operating currents were determined.
Using Virtual Machine Introspection for Operating Systems Security Education

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Historically, hands-on cybersecurity exercises helped reinforce the basic cybersecurity concepts. However, most of them focused on the user level attacks and defenses and did not provide a convenient way of studying the kernel level security. Since OS kernels provide foundations for applications, any compromise to OS kernels will lead to a computer that cannot be trusted. Moreover, there has been a great interest in using virtualization to profile, characterize, and observe kernel events including security incidents. Virtual Machine Introspection (VMI) is a technique that has been deeply investigated in intrusion detection, malware analysis, and memory forensics. Inspired by the great success of VMI, we used it to develop hands-on labs for teaching kernel level security. In this work, we present three VMI-based labs on (1) stack-based buffer over-flow, (2) direct kernel object manipulation (DKOM), and (3) kernel integrity checker which have been made available online. Then, we analyze the differences in approaches taken by VMI-based labs and traditional labs and conclude that VMI-based labs are better as opposed to traditional labs from a teaching standpoint because they provide more visibility than the traditional labs and superior ability to manipulate kernel memory which provides more insight into kernel security concepts.
Learning Similarity Function between Objects in Heterogeneous Spaces

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Many application problems such as data visualization, document retrieval, image annotation, collaborative filtering, and machine translation can be formalized as a task that utilizes a similarity function between objects in two heterogeneous spaces. In this paper, we address the problem of automatically learning such a similarity function using labeled training data. Conventional metric learning can be viewed as learning of similarity function over one single space, while the ‘metric learning’ problem in this paper can be regarded as learning of similarity function over two different spaces. We assume that the objects in the two original spaces are linearly mapped into a new space and dot product in the new space is defined as the similarity function. The metric learning problem then becomes that of learning the two linear mapping functions from training data. We then give a general and theoretically sound solution to the learning problem. Specifically, we prove that although the learning problem is non-convex, the global optimal solution exists and one can find the optimal solution using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). We also show that the solution is ‘generalizable’ to unobserved data and it is possible to kernelize the method. We conducted two experiments; one experiment shows that keywords and images can be visualized in the same space based on the similarity function learned with our method, and the other experiment shows that the accuracy of document retrieval can be improved with the similarity function (relevance function) learned with our method.
Propolis as an Adjunct in Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy: Current Clinical Perspectives from a Narrative Review

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) represents the gold standard in the treatment of periodontitis, but deep periodontal pockets and complex anatomies may reduce its efficacy. Therefore, in order to enhance NSPT outcomes and reduce the need for surgical intervention, several adjunctive therapies have been proposed. Propolis, a natural substance with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties, has shown promising results in controlling supragingival biofilm. This narrative review aims to assess the clinical efficacy of propolis as an adjunct to NSPT. A comprehensive search on scientific databases was conducted for randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing NSPT with and without propolis, or with other adjuncts or placebos. Probing depth (PD) was the primary outcome. Seven RCTs met the inclusion criteria, using different propolis formulations and application protocols. Statistically significant improvements in clinical outcomes were recorded in all analysed studies compared with NSPT alone or placebo, while benefits were less substantial compared with laser therapy and conflicting when compared with chlorhexidine. Thus propolis may be considered a promising adjunctive agent to NSPT, with the potential to improve clinical outcomes of NSPT. Nonetheless, further long-term clinical trials with larger sample size are needed to validate its clinical efficacy and to determine its adverse effects.
Relationship Between Diameter of the Cannula, Vascular Access Site Used and Gender and the Pain Perception of Intravenous Injection of Propofol and Rocuronium

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Amaç: Propofolün enjeksiyon ağrısı en iyi bilinen, en sık karşılaşılan yan etkisidir ve sıklığı %24-80'dir.Steroid yapılı, nondepolarizan bir kas gevşetici olan roküronyum da enjeksiyon ağrısına neden olabilen ajanlardandır.Çalışmamızda propofol ve roküronyum enjeksiyon ağrısının algılanmasında, kullanılan damar yolunun yeri,
Cyclic Surgery Scheduling using Variations of Cohort Intelligence

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Patankar & Kulkarni proposed six variations of this CI algorithm: follow-best, follow-better, follow-worst, follow-itself, follow median, and alienate-and-random selection. These variations were validated by solving seven multimodal and three uni-modal unconstrained test functions. The variations provide an insight into the varied applicability of the CI methodology. Four variations of Cohort intelligence are applied for optimization of AWJM process. In this chapter, the variations of CI have been applied in the field of healthcare optimization to the problem of cyclic surgical scheduling in a hospital. Patankar & Kulkarni have developed six variations of CI. Also, the function evaluations of all the variations have been compared. It is intended to investigate which variation is better for solving this problem. I From the results, it is observed that four out of six variations are successfully applicable to solve the problem and the maximum percentage improvement in the objective function is 13.51%.
Gerhard F. Hasel, The Remnant. The history and Theology of the Remnant Idea from Genesis to Isaiah, Berrien Springs Michigan, Andrews University Press, 1972

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Jacob Edmond. Gerhard F. Hasel, The Remnant. The history and Theology of the Remnant Idea from Genesis to Isaiah, Berrien Springs Michigan, Andrews University Press, 1972. In: Revue d'histoire et de philosophie religieuses, 57e année n°1,1977. pp. 93-94.
Carbanions. 5. Preparation and proton and carbon-13 NMR spectroscopic structural study of the 4-hydridopyridyl anion and 4,4'-bis(hydridopyridyl) dianion. Absence of homoazacyclopentadienyl ion character

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbanions. 5. Preparation and proton and carbon-13 NMR spectroscopic structural study of the 4-hydridopyridyl anion and 4,4'-bis(hydridopyridyl) dianion. Absence of homoazacyclopentadienyl ion characterGeorge A. Olah and Ronald J. HunadiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 4, 715–718Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00317a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00317a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views253Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts