jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
EU Principles on Jurisdiction and Recognition and Enforcement of Judgments in Civil and Commercial Matters: According to the Case Law of the European Court of Justice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Method of Interpretation Used by The Court of Justice: The Model of Principles.- A Bird's-Eye View Of The System Of Principles.- The First Main Principle: Free Movement of Judgments.- The Second Main Principle: The Protection of The Rights of The Defence.- The Third Main Principle: Legal Certainty.- The Fourth Main Principle: Disputes Should be Decided by an Appropriate Court.
Remote Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Treatment of Long-COVID- and Post-COVID-Related Traumatic Disorders: An Innovative Approach

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background/Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased mental health issues, particularly among long-COVID patients, who experience persistent symptoms post-recovery, potentially leading to chronic conditions. The psychological impact of long-COVID is still largely unknown, but it may contribute to mental disorders like Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Given the global rise in anxiety and depression, exploring therapies like Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for long-COVID traumatic disorders is crucial. This study explores the effectiveness of remote EMDR therapy for PTSD-like symptoms in long-COVID conditions (LCC), assessing their emergence, the impact of LCC on mental health, and identifying key commonalities. It also examines the potential advantages of an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered platform for EMDR treatments for both therapists and patients, evaluating the response differences between remote and in-person treatment. Methods: We enrolled a total of 160 participants divided into two groups of 80, with the experimental group receiving EMDR treatment for PTSD-like symptoms via a remote AI-powered platform, and the control group receiving traditional in-person therapy. We compared the ANOVA for Subjective Units of Disturbance (SUDs) scores, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) scores, and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) scores between our two groups for three cases: pre-treatment, post-treatment, and decrement. Results: Statistical significance analysis showed a consistent absence of significant differences between online AI-powered platforms and traditional in-presence sessions. This effectively confirms our hypothesis and highlights that no significant differences were observed between the two groups. Conclusions: The AI-supported remote platform demonstrates comparable efficacy in delivering EMDR therapy, confirming its potential as an effective alternative to traditional in-person methods while providing added advantages in accessibility and adaptability (e.g., remote areas, hikikomori, natural disasters).
[Hemorheological profiles in patients with arterial hypertension and bronchial asthma].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hemorheological parameters were studied in patients with essential hypertension (men and women) and those with bronchial asthma. The rheological findings were established as a hemorheological profile. The latter is a set of macro- and microrheological parameters under various pathological conditions. The data show that blood viscosity was increased and correlate with blood pressure in hypertensive patients. There were more significant changes in the male populations of the two groups. The main cause of decreased blood fluidity and oxygen transport efficiency under these conditions is associated with hemoconcentration, elevated plasma levels of protein and increased plasma viscosity. The findings suggest that with the concept of a hemorheological profile one can correct rheological disturbances under various clinical conditions.
Measuring the Liveability of Urban Neighbourhoods’ inIskandar Malaysia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The notion of 'liveability' has endured for over 50 years within policy discourses, shaping urban strategy and planning across the world. This research examines the current state of liveability within the context of Iskandar Malaysia, to consider the policy rhetoric, which is created to frame urban problems, select and order concepts and build narratives that shape policy action. Liveability has a dual role: it defines normative goals for a city and also demands particular forms of expert knowledge to justify and maintain its discursive power. This influence is created by connecting the rhetoric of the 'liveable communities’ to expertise represented in liveability rankings and indicators. However, in this exploratory research, the interpretations of liveability are challenged by evaluating resident’s daily life experience in an urban neighbourhood in conjunction with liveability policy analysis. This research aims to address the gap in knowledge of how liveability is defined for Iskandar Malaysia’s urban neighbourhoods through critical assessment of the Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP) which is then examined in practice by measuring the degree of liveability in a number of local neighbourhoods. This research uses a variety of approaches including a thorough theoretical discussion of broad range perspectives of liveability calling on critical analysis of liveability policy in Malaysia and policy guidance more widely as well as calling on opinions from professional practitioners who engage in liveability policy implementation, and the perceptions of urban residents. By exploring the experiences of residents in apparently 'liveable' neighbourhoods, the differences between policy interpretations of liveability which create a representation of the neighbourhood emerge in contrast to the experience of many residents. The use of liveability dimensions and reliance on indicators generated from existing literature identified the degree of perceived liveability and everyday experience for urban neighbourhood populations in Iskandar Malaysia. This research contributes a new conceptualisation of liveability to existing knowledge on liveability which emerges from analysing together policy interpretation, experts’ insights and residents’ lived experience. This new knowledge supports existing theory, practice and policy in Liveability to some extent but refutes it elsewhere. The research recommends that to achieve policy and practice aims of providing liveable urban neighbourhoods, it is essential that liveability of urban neighbourhoods encompasses the correlative relationship between social (communities) and spatial qualities of particular (physical) places.
Split NMSSM from dimensional reduction of a $10D$, $\mathcal{N}=1$, $E_8$ theory over a modified flag manifold

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We review the Standard Model extension that results from the dimensional reduction of a $10D$, $\mathcal{N}=1$, $E_8$ gauge theory over the $M_4 \times SU(3)/U(1) \times U(1) \times \mathbf{Z}_3 $ space, which leads to a $4D$, $\mathcal{N}=1$, $SU(3)^3\times U(1)^2$ theory. Below the unification scale we obtain a Split NMSSM effective theory. The third generation quark and light Higgs masses are within the experimental limits at 2-loop level and the neutralino LSP mass is predicted $<800$ GeV.
LHD 4O-BC02-L01 #192602.1 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 4-O port camera, where ROI is (618,434) - (702,550) of the original image of 1920x1080. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.
Extending the animosity model in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-national validation of the health animosity scale

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The concept of consumer animosity encompasses factors that influence consumers’ negative attitudes and feelings toward other countries, which decrease consumers' buying behavior concerning foreign products. However, the impact of health concerns has been widely neglected in the literature on consumer animosity. To fill this void, this paper extends the established animosity models by introducing the new concept of health animosity and by developing a health animosity scale. The paper empirically validates the new scale in a multi-national study in the U.S., Germany, Brazil, and India. The scale measures the respondents’ health animosity toward China, as many consumers worldwide blame China for the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease) pandemic and criticize the government’s misbehavior during the outbreak. The analyses confirm suitable convergent and discriminant validity of the newly developed scale for most of the countries. The paper extends the understanding on consumer animosity, as not only incidents due to single nations' concrete purposes (e.g., military, economic or political actions) but also natural catastrophes and the reactions of single nations can cause feelings of animosity. The research implications outline directions for future studies, which could investigate the consequences of health animosity.
[A clinical study of prostatic carcinoma].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Seventy seven patients with prostatic carcinoma were treated in our clinic between 1977 and 1986. Most of them were treated by a hormonal agent as the first therapy. None of the 9 stage A1 cases showed any reactivation, but 4 of the 5 stage A2 cases relapsed to metastatic disease. The chemotherapy performed in 3 of the 4 reactivated cases had no obvious effect on the disease. Seven of the 8 patients with stage B disease were alive without relapse. Relapse was seen in the other patient who had poorly differentiated carcinoma and chemotherapy in this case resulted in stable disease for the present. Four of the 15 stage C cases including 3 poorly differentiated carcinomas were hormone resistant or reactivated. For these resistant cases radiotherapy and/or the chemotherapy were performed, but a response was seen in only one case. Consequently, the first therapy for stage A2, B and C of poorly differentiated carcinoma must be improved. Of the 40 stage D cases, 4 patients who were treated by an early combination of hormonal therapy and chemotherapy had a better prognosis than the others. These 4 patients had poorly differentiated carcinomas with multiple bone metastases. Two of these 4 patients were alive without relapse for 17 and 72 months, and one of the 2 patients with relapse was also alive for 75 months. We believe that early chemotherapy is the key for better prognosis in stage D cases.
Efficacy of probiotics in improving water quality and bacterial flora in fish ponds

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fish culture aimed at high production through intense culture practices often leads not only to the alteration in water quality but also to severe disease problems. The accumulation of organic wastes deteriorates water quality and encourages the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms. To avoid these problems, probiotics are used as bioremediation tool. The present study was aimed to know the changing patterns of beneficial and pathogenic bacterial loads and water quality in fish ponds treated with pond probiotics. For this study, three earthen fish ponds, were cultured Pangasius sutchi, Catla catla and Labeo rohita, located in Balliparru near Machilipatnam in Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India were selected and studied for a culture period during 2009 to 2010. Two ponds were treated with probiotics having Nitrosomonas (1.62 kg/ha) and Nitrobacter (0.82 kg/ha) species and one pond was kept as control. During the culture period (August 2009 to July 2010), water quality parameters and the populations of total heterotrophic bacteria (THB), beneficial bacteria (Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter species) and pathogenic bacteria (Pseudomonas) in water were analyzed. It was observed that in treated ponds, THB and beneficial bacterial load increased and pathogenic Pseudomonas load decreased. The bacterial population changed during every fortnight sampling of the culture period. The changing patterns of different bacteria in treated and control ponds were compared and discussed. The concentrations of ammonia, nitrite and phosphates were observed to be low in treated ponds than in the control pond. The present study revealed that the probiotics are instrumental in maintaining good water quality, higher beneficial and lower pathogenic bacterial loads in fish ponds. Key words: Probiotics, fish ponds, physico-chemical parameters of water, total heterotrophic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria.
InsuSensCalc: Insulin Sensitivity Indices Calculator

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It facilitates the calculation of 40 different insulin sensitivity indices based on fasting, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), lipid (adipose), and tracer (palmitate and glycerol rate) and dxa (fat mass) measurement values. It enables easy and accurate assessment of insulin sensitivity, critical for understanding and managing metabolic disorders like diabetes and obesity. Indices calculated are described in Gastaldelli (2022). <doi:10.1002/oby.23503> and Lorenzo (2010). <doi:10.1210/jc.2010-1144>.
Landscape‐scale deforestation decreases gene flow distance of a keystone tropical palm, Euterpe edulis Mart (Arecaceae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Habitat loss represents one of the main threats to tropical forests, which have reached extremely high rates of species extinction. Forest loss negatively impacts biodiversity, affecting ecological (e.g., seed dispersal) and genetic (e.g., genetic diversity and structure) processes. Therefore, understanding how deforestation influences genetic resources is strategic for conservation. Our aim was to empirically evaluate the effects of landscape‐scale forest reduction on the spatial genetic structure and gene flow of Euterpe edulis Mart (Arecaceae), a palm tree considered a keystone resource for many vertebrate species. This study was carried out in nine forest remnants in the Atlantic Forest, northeastern Brazil, located in landscapes within a gradient of forest cover (19–83%). We collected leaves of 246 adults and 271 seedlings and performed genotyping using microsatellite markers. Our results showed that the palm populations had low spatial genetic structure, indicating that forest reduction did not influence this genetic parameter for neither seedlings nor adults. However, forest loss decreased the gene flow distance, which may negatively affect the genetic diversity of future generations by increasing the risk of local extinction of this keystone palm. For efficient strategies of genetic variability conservation and maintenance of gene flow in E. edulis , we recommend the maintenance of landscapes with intermediary to high levels of forest cover, that is, forest cover above 40%.
Peptide Inhibitors Targeting the Neisseria gonorrhoeae Pivotal Anaerobic Respiration Factor AniA

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea, which is highly prevalent worldwide and has a major impact on reproductive and neonatal health. The superbug status of N. gonorrhoeae necessitates the development of drugs with different mechanisms of action. Here, we focused on targeting the nitrite reductase AniA, which is a pivotal component of N. gonorrhoeae anaerobic respiration and biofilm formation. Our studies showed that gonococci expressing AniA containing the altered catalytic residues D137A and H280A failed to grow under anaerobic conditions, demonstrating that the nitrite reductase function is essential. To facilitate the pharmacological targeting of AniA, new crystal structures of AniA were refined to 1.90-Å and 2.35-Å resolutions, and a phage display approach with libraries expressing randomized linear dodecameric peptides or heptameric peptides flanked by a pair of cysteine residues was utilized. Biopanning experiments led to the identification of 29 unique peptides, with 1 of them, C7-3, being identified multiple times. Evaluation of their ability to interact with AniA using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and computational docking studies revealed that C7-3 was the most promising inhibitor, binding near the type 2 copper site of the enzyme, which is responsible for interaction with nitrite. Subsequent enzymatic assays and biolayer interferometry with a synthetic C7-3 and its derivatives, C7-3m1 and C7-3m2, demonstrated potent inhibition of AniA. Finally, the MIC 50 value of C7-3 and C7-3m2 against anaerobically grown N. gonorrhoeae was 0.6 mM. We present the first peptide inhibitors of AniA, an enzyme that should be further exploited for antigonococcal drug development.
Aging Promotes Amyloid-β Peptide Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in Rat Brain: A Molecular Link Between Aging and Alzheimer's Disease

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The entangled relationship of brain aging, mitochondrial dysfunction, and amyloid-β peptide (Aβ 42 ) toxicity occupies the center stage in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study examines some of the toxic effects of Aβ 42 on brain mitochondria and provides evidence that aged brain mitochondria are significantly more vulnerable to Aβ 42 toxicity. In particular, the study has shown that the aggregated, but not the monomeric, form of Aβ 42 in varying concentrations (10–40 μM) during in vitro incubation causes a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, a decrease in phosphorylation capacity and ATP synthesis, and the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria but without any noticeable change in the activities of respiratory chain complexes. Such effects of Aβ 42 are strikingly more conspicuous on aged rat (22–24 months) brain mitochondria compared to that on brain mitochondria of young rats (4–6 months). More interestingly is the observation that in contrast to young rat brain mitochondria, a significantly higher level of Aβ 42 remains associated with aged brain mitochondria under basal incubation condition as well as after exposure to exogenously added peptide. Extrapolated to an in vivo scenario, the results have clear implications in AD pathogenesis and also partly explain why brain aging is a dominant risk factor for this disease condition.
Progress of the Drilling Operations at the Yabase Oil Field

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This report is described about the progress of the drilling operations at the Yabase oil field which is the best one in Japan. Since 1950, the drilling rigs have been unitized and the equipments and operations became systematic. We have now gained some results through our persistent efforts for three years. We believe that we should make more efforts than ever before after re-examination of these results. By doing so, we hope we could obtain much more favourable results than in the past.
Adverse Events of Peripherally Administered Norepinephrine During Surgery: A Prospective Multicenter Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Perioperative treatment of hypotension by intravenous administration of norepinephrine in a peripheral vein can lead to adverse events, for example, tissue necrosis. However, the incidence and severity of adverse events during perioperative administration are unknown. METHODS: This was a prospective observational study conducted at 3 Swedish hospitals from 2019 to 2022. A total of 1004 patients undergoing surgery, who met the criteria for perioperative peripheral norepinephrine administration, were included. The infusion site was inspected regularly. If swelling or paleness of skin was detected, the infusion site was changed to a different peripheral line. Systolic blood pressure and pulse frequency were monitored during the infusion time and defined as adverse events at >220 mm Hg and <40 beats•min –1 . In case of adverse events, patients were observed for up to 48 hours. The primary outcome was prevalence of extravasation, defined as swelling around the infusion site. Secondary outcomes were all types of adverse events and associations between predefined clinical variables and risk of adverse events. RESULTS: We observed 2.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4%–3.2%) extravasation of infusion and 0.9% (95% CI, 0.4%–1.7%) bradycardia. No cases of tissue necrosis or severe hypertension were detected. All adverse events had dissipated spontaneously within 48 hours. Proximal catheter placement was associated with more adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Extravasation of peripherally administrated norepinephrine in the perioperative period occurred at similar rates as in previous studies in critically ill patients. In our setting, where we regularly inspected the infusion site and shifted site in case of swelling or paleness of skin, we observed no case of severe adverse events. Given that severe adverse events were absent, the potential benefit of this preventive approach requires confirmation in a larger population.
Spectroscopic investigations on butadiene derivatives.1H,13C and15N NMR studies on the π-electron distribution and intramolecular mobility of aminobuta-1,3-dienes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The 1H, 13C and 15N NMR spectra of a series of 5-alkylthio-3-aryl-2-cyano-5-dialkylaminopenta-2,4-dienenitriles (4 and 5) with different amino and aryl substituents were recorded. The NMR chemical shifts are correlated with electronic effects of the substituents on the donor side of the butadiene system and also the para-phenyl substituents X. Dynamic 1H and 13C NMR measurements showed rotational processes about the C-2,C-3, C-3,C-4, C-4,C-5 and C-5,N bonds in 4 and 5, the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of which were determined by lineshape analysis. The assignment of the lineshape alterations was made on the basis of signal intensities and separations and from the influence of the donor substituents, the phenyl substituents X and the solvents on the energy barriers. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transtemporal sport histories; or, rethinking the ‘invention’ of American basketball

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The predominant narrative on the history of basketball assumes that James Naismith 'invented' the game in 1891. This narrative argues the game emerged as a modern sport different in design and significance from pre-existing, 'pre-modern' ballgames. Naismith is now generally accepted as the singular 'inventor' of modern basketball. This essay introduces the 'transtemporal history' in conversation with postcolonial and decolonial theory as a framework for critiquing the notion of 'inventions' in sport history. A transtemporal framework, informed by French historian Fernand Braudel's concept of the 'longue durée', highlights the episodic expression of contested, yet enduring ideas across a long time span, serving to destabilize the temporal dichotomies of Western modernity that essentialize the nature and meaning of 'pre-modern' games. The essay outlines the transtemporal history and explores its potential utility by critiquing the notion that basketball was 'invented' by a singular subject in the global history of organized ballgames.
Manage Time Well: Day-Tight Compartments

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Is William Osler a useful role model? Our first response is no. He was simply too good, too talented, too productive for most of us to emulate. Master clinician, prolific writer, promoter of science, inspiring motivator, and since his death in I 919, a durable icon of professionalism, Osler seemingly had it all. The historian Fielding H. Garrison called him “one of nature’s chosen” and added, “Good looks, distinction, blithe, benignant manners, a sunbright personality, radiant with kind feeling and good will toward his fellow men, an Apollonian poise, swiftness and surety of thought and speech, every gift of the gods was his.” Striving to be like Osler would seem a sure formula for failure, frustration, and dam­ aged self-esteem.