jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Are Niche Parties Fundamentally Different from Mainstream Parties? The Causes and the Electoral Consequences of Western European Parties' Policy Shifts, 1976–1998

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Do “niche” parties—such as Communist, Green, and extreme nationalist parties—adjust their policies in response to shifts in public opinion? Would such policy responsiveness enhance these parties' electoral support? We report the results of statistical analyses of the relationship between parties' policy positions, voters' policy preferences, and election outcomes in eight Western European democracies from 1976 to 1998 that suggest that the answer to both questions is no . Specifically, we find no evidence that niche parties responded to shifts in public opinion, while mainstream parties displayed consistent tendencies to respond to public opinion shifts. Furthermore, we find that in situations where niche parties moderated their policy positions they were systematically punished at the polls (a result consistent with the hypothesis that such parties represent extreme or noncentrist ideological clienteles), while mainstream parties did not pay similar electoral penalties. Our findings have important implications for political representation, for spatial models of elections, and for political parties' election strategies.
2022/2023PEN Resource University POST UTME FORM/DIRECT ENTRY/TRANSFER Form call [+2349138338624-09138338624 Mrs Adeleke] TO APPLY CHANGE OF INSTITUTION/CHANGE OF COURSE FORM 09138338624 Registration Within the realm of teaching, it includes both the undergraduate level, and beyond that, graduate-level (or postgraduate level). The Sale Of Pgd Form,MasterForm,Ph.D Form And Mphil Form Is Currently On Sales Call {09138338624}

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

2022/2023PEN Resource University POST UTME FORM/DIRECT ENTRY/TRANSFER Form call [+2349138338624-09138338624 Mrs Adeleke] TO APPLY CHANGE OF INSTITUTION/CHANGE OF COURSE FORM 09138338624 Registration Within the realm of teaching, it includes both the undergraduate level, and beyond that, graduate-level (or postgraduate level). The Sale Of Pgd Form,MasterForm,Ph.D Form And Mphil Form Is Currently On Sales Call {09138338624}
Infant Cry Recognition System

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Cries of infants can be seen as an indicator of pain. It has been proven that crying caused by pain, hunger, fear, stress, etc., show different cry patterns. The work presented here introduces a comparative study between the performance of two different classification techniques implemented in an automatic classification system for identifying two types of infants' cries, pain, and non-pain. The techniques are namely, Continuous Hidden Markov Models (CHMM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Two different sets of acoustic features were extracted from the cry samples, those are MFCC and LPCC, the feature vectors generated by each were eventually fed into the classification module for the purpose of training and testing. The results of this work showed that the system based on CDHMM have better performance than that based on ANN. CDHMM gives the best identification rate at 96.1%, which is much higher than 79% of ANN whereby in general the system based on MFCC features performed better than the one that utilizes LPCC features.
Antibacterial Activities of Nisin Z Encapsulated in Liposomes or Produced In Situ by Mixed Culture during Cheddar Cheese Ripening

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT This study investigated both the activity of nisin Z, either encapsulated in liposomes or produced in situ by a mixed starter, against Listeria innocua, Lactococcus spp., and Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei and the distribution of nisin Z in a Cheddar cheese matrix. Nisin Z molecules were visualized using gold-labeled anti-nisin Z monoclonal antibodies and transmission electron microscopy (immune-TEM). Experimental Cheddar cheeses were made using a nisinogenic mixed starter culture, containing Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis UL 719 as the nisin producer and two nisin-tolerant lactococcal strains and L. casei subsp. casei as secondary flora, and ripened at 7°C for 6 months. In some trials, L. innocua was added to cheese milk at 10 5 to 10 6 CFU/ml. In 6-month-old cheeses, 90% of the initial activity of encapsulated nisin (280 ± 14 IU/g) was recovered, in contrast to only 12% for initial nisin activity produced in situ by the nisinogenic starter (300 ± 15 IU/g). During ripening, immune-TEM observations showed that encapsulated nisin was located mainly at the fat/casein interface and/or embedded in whey pockets while nisin produced by biovar diacetylactis UL 719 was uniformly distributed in the fresh cheese matrix but concentrated in the fat area as the cheeses aged. Cell membrane in lactococci appeared to be the main nisin target, while in L. casei subsp. casei and L. innocua , nisin was more commonly observed in the cytoplasm. Cell wall disruption and digestion and lysis vesicle formation were common observations among strains exposed to nisin. Immune-TEM observations suggest several modes of action for nisin Z, which may be genus and/or species specific and may include intracellular target-specific activity. It was concluded that nisin-containing liposomes can provide a powerful tool to improve nisin stability and availability in the cheese matrix.
[Unfavorable course of widespread pulmonary tuberculosis].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A group of 40 patients with widespread tuberculosis of the lungs were studied because the course of the disease was unfavourable and the therapeutic results were minimal or none. The analysis showed that absence of improvement after correct treatment depended on the extent of changes at the beginning of the treatment and age, stabilization in life, way of life, awareness of threat caused by risk factors.
Chemical and Microscopic Characterization of Potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) Cell Walls during Cooking

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Cell wall material (CWM) was isolated from noncooked, 5 min cooked, and 15 min cooked potato tissue and accompanying cooking media from the cultivars Irene and Nicola. A mass balance of the material in the different fractions obtained during isolation was made. Chemical compositions of the CWM and cell size distributions of the potato tissues were analyzed. The mealy cooking cv. Irene had more CWM per unit cell surface area than the nonmealy cooking cv. Nicola. These results confirmed observations of the potato cell walls made by transmission electron microscopy. The molar composition of the CWM was comparable for both cultivars. During cooking, for both cultivars relatively more unbranched than branched pectic polysaccharides were solubilized. However, the type of pectin solubilized after 15 min of cooking was different for the two cultivars. This pectin was relatively more branched, more methylated, and more acetylated for cv. Irene than for cv. Nicola. Keywords: Potato; Solanum tuberosum L.; cooking; texture; cell wall; middle lamella; transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
Pragmatic language skills in people with intellectual disabilities: A review

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This paper provides a review of relevant research concerning the development and use of spoken pragmatic language skills by people with intellectual disabilities. The development of pragmatic language skills in childhood, the use of such skills in adulthood, and links between pragmatic language use and quality of life are discussed. Despite the variety of participants and methodologies used, research findings are broadly consistent. First, people with intellectual disabilities can and do acquire basic pragmatic language skills, although more subtle aspects of conversational competence are less commonly displayed. Second, the communicative environments of children and adults with intellectual disabilities appear to inhibit the acquisition and display of pragmatic language skills. Third, different service settings can have an impact on the pragmatic skills of people with intellectual disabilities. Fourth, intervention programs can improve the pragmatic language skills of people with intellectual disabilities, although maintenance and generalisation of such skills is uncommon. Fifth, the quantity and quality of conversations between people with and without intellectual disabilities has an impact on the broader quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities. The implications of these findings for further research are discussed.
Submodular functions and perfect graphs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We give a combinatorial polynomial-time algorithm to find a maximum weight independent set in perfect graphs of bounded degree that do not contain a prism or a hole of length four as an induced subgraph. An even pair in a graph is a pair of vertices all induced paths between which are even. An even set is a set of vertices every two of which are an even pair. We show that every perfect graph that does not contain a prism or a hole of length four as an induced subgraph has a balanced separator which is the union of a bounded number of even sets, where the bound depends only on the maximum degree of the graph. This allows us to solve the maximum weight independent set problem using the well-known submodular function minimization algorithm.
Curriculum and Assessment in Scotland

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In November of last year the Scottish Education Department published as a consultative paper Curriculum and Assessment in Scotland: a policy for the 90s, a document which reflected the Government's thinking on the need for some kind of national curriculum.In conjunction with this, and apparently as a kind of supplement, the Consultative Committee on the Curriculum produced Curriculum Design for the Secondary Stages.The Government paper proposes that the CCC should produce curriculum guidelines stating what should be achieved in each subject at each stage from 5 to 14. (After 14 the syllabus is seen as effectively controlled by existing examinations.)A parallel explanatory outline should also be produced for parents.The paper advocates what it sees as more satisfactory ways of assessing, recording and reporting each pupil's attainments.This involves national testing of 'key skills' in English and mathematics for every pupil in P4 and P7.Michael Forsyth, the education minister, has since claimed that the new arrangements would 'allow parents, pupils and teachers a realistic view of progress at the vital stages against an agreed standard'.Further, all headteachers should produce for the proposed school boards written statements of their schools' curriculum policies and of their pupils' attainment levels.Copies of these statements should be sent to the Inspectorate.As this issue of SER goes to press, ministers are still reviewing the comments they have received on the Scottish proposals, though the Government's position is expected to remain fundamentally unaltered.We publish here our own set of comments from observers of the Scottish educational system.The series of articles which follows raises points which are of lasting interest whatever the outcome of the politicians' deliberations.
Improving Oral Expression Among Arabic Students in Nigeria Using the Dialogue Strategy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study evaluated the effectiveness of dialogue strategy on improving the oral expression skills of Arabic students at Nigerian colleges of education in Niger State.A quasi-experimental approach was adopted to analyse two groups: a control group consisting of students from College of Education Kontagora and an experimental group consisting of students from Minna College of Education.The intervention period was in the second semester of the academic year 2018-19.A sample of 80 students was distributed into two groups of 40 students.A test and evaluation scale for oral expression skills was developed.A t-test was employed to determine if the mean scores of the two groups were significantly different from one another.The results showed that students in both groups had oral expression skills with a mean score of 15.37, which fell below the study benchmark; however, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean score of the control group and the mean score of the experimental group.Generally, the results revealed a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the two groups in favour of the experimental group.The researchers recommend that teachers focus on oral expression skills when teaching Arabic at Nigerian colleges of education.
The transcription factor Dach1 is essential for podocyte function

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Dedifferentiation and loss of podocytes are the major cause of chronic kidney disease. Dach1, a transcription factor that is essential for cell fate, was found in genome‐wide association studies to be associated with the glomerular filtration rate. We found that podocytes express high levels of Dach1 in vivo and to a much lower extent in vitro . Parietal epithelial cells ( PEC s) that are still under debate to be a type of progenitor cell for podocytes expressed Dach1 only at low levels. The transfection of PEC s with a plasmid encoding for Dach1 induced the expression of synaptopodin, a podocyte‐specific protein, demonstrated by immunocytochemistry and Western blot. Furthermore, synaptopodin was located along actin fibres in a punctate pattern in Dach1‐expressing PEC s comparable with differentiated podocytes. Moreover, dedifferentiating podocytes of isolated glomeruli showed a significant reduction in the expression of Dach1 together with synaptopodin after 9 days in cell culture. To study the role of Dach1 in vivo , we used the zebrafish larva as an animal model. Knockdown of the zebrafish ortholog Dachd by morpholino injection into fertilized eggs resulted in a severe renal phenotype. The glomeruli of the zebrafish larvae showed morphological changes of the glomerulus accompanied by down‐regulation of nephrin and leakage of the filtration barrier. Interestingly, glomeruli of biopsies from patients suffering from diabetic nephropathy showed also a significant reduction of Dach1 and synaptopodin in contrast to control biopsies. Taken together, Dach1 is a transcription factor that is important for podocyte differentiation and proper kidney function.
Design of acoustofluidic device for localized trapping

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

State of the art acoustofluidics typically treat micro-particles in a multi-wavelength range due to the scale limitations of the established ultrasound field. Here, we report a spatial selective acoustofluidic device that allows trapping micro-particles and cells in a wavelength scale. A pair of interdigital transducers with a concentric-arc shape is used to compress the beam width, while pulsed actuation is adopted to localize the acoustic radiation force in the wave propagating direction. Unlike the traditional usage of geometrical focus, the proposed device is designed by properly superposing the convergent section of two focused surface acoustic waves. We successfully demonstrate a single-column alignment of 15-μm polystyrene particles and double-column alignment of 8-μm T cells in a wavelength scale. Through proof-of-concept experiments, the proposed acoustofluidic device shows potential applications in on-chip biological and chemical analyses, where localized handing is required.
The impact of soaking seeds with salicylic acid on thegermination of corn seeds and the seedling growth

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In order to study the impact of salicylic acid on the germination of corn seeds and the seedling growth,the study measured germination rate of seeds,the potential of buds and some of seedling morphological indexes and physiological indexes after soaking seeds with different density of SA.The results showed that there are significant influence of SA on corn seed germination and seedling growth,and generally low concentrations have stimulative effect,high concentrations have inhibition.
Securing a life for the dead among the Yukpa. The exhumation ritual as a temporary synchronisation of worlds

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper presents a description and analysis of the Yukpa exhumation ritual. The ritual is explained from an alterity-based socio-cosmological point of view based on the assumption that the internal structure of the death ritual only reveals itself if the existence of the co-present worlds of the living and the dead are used as a point of departure together with the concomitant transformative and perspectivist quality of the ritual. The Yukpa secondary burial aims to effect specific changes in the perspectives and relations of the participants and produces a synchronisation between these worlds and thereby facilitates the necessary contact and transition between them. This passage is neither marked by a radical divide between the dead and the living nor by an unbroken continuity, but by a gradual transformation that culminates in a « de-burial » (desentierro) followed by a secondary burial.
Vicia faba L. IG 124426

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Vicia faba L.
Common name(s): Faba bean, Fababean, Fababeanvetch
Other names: Var. Morada
Conserved by: International Centre for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Lebanon
Local sample unique identifier: IG 124426
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1997-11
Other identifiers: n/a,ILB 6047
Historical: No
Biological status: Other
MLS status: Included
Microcutting of Hevea rubber genotype 78 and 91

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The availability of clonai rootstocks of Hevea rubber is necessary to solve the problems encountered in seedling rootstocks such as high variation among plants, a lack of seeds and un certain seed season. Propagation of clonai rootstocks of rubber can be conducted by microcutting technique that is a technology based on in vitro culture. Explants used are axillary buds of young rubber seedlings at a two leaf umbrella stage. In order to propagate rubber rootstocks through microcutting technique in Indonesia, collaboration was formed between Indonesian Biotechnology Research Institute for Estate Crops (IBRIEC), Indonesian Rubber Research Institute (IRRI), and ClRAD France. In 2005 mass selection was conducted to select the best 100 genotypes from 43000 rubber seedlings derived from seeds of clone GTl, RRIM 600 and PB 260. The one hundred genotypes were then tested for their growth response to in vitro culture conditions and two ofthem i.e. genotype 78 and 91 showed the best response. Propagation ofgenotype 78 from 2007 to 2009 with 463 initial explants produced 6315 responsive explants (multiplication by 14-fold), where 2147 plantlets into acclimatization phase and 1322 explants were dead or no response. During the same period, genotype 91 with 273 initial explants produced 6703 responsive explants (multiplication by 25-fold) and 2084 plantlets into acclimatization phase. Dl/ring acclimatization, many plantlets of genotype 78, 91, and others were not survived due to unsuitable growing medium and environment conditions as weil as experimental treatments. The survival rate of plantlets was relatively low, 50 - 60 % on the best treatments. Hundreds of plants of gen 0 type 78 and 91 were produced du ring 2007 and 2009. As many as 13 plants of genotype 78 and 14 plants of genotype 91 as rootstocks were budded with ./ive difJerent recommended clones as scions and the budded success was 100%. It indicates that rootstocks derived from rubber microcutting are compatible with scions of recommended clones.
Development of a multi-year database to assess off-road mobility algorithms in fine-grained soils

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A gap in off-road mobility is the availability of the test data necessary for the development and validation of tyre, track and soil models. This paper presents the results from a multi-year program to create the database records for off-road vehicle environments (DROVE), a consolidated database of laboratory and field test results. A fine-grained soil component was added to DROVE by compiling 2657 test results. Performance parameters including drawbar pull, motion resistance, torque, sinkage, and slip were included in the database. The database was used to evaluate the accuracy of existing algorithms used in the vehicle-terrain interface (VTI) model. The results indicated that the VTI algorithms can provide reasonable predictions for a few parameters but for others, such as motion resistance, further improvements are warranted. The DROVE dataset can be used for several applications including evaluation of existing mobility models, development of improved algorithms, and validation of numerical simulations.
Aplikace marketingu ve vybrané české firmě

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This Bachelor thesis focuses on the application of marketing in a co-operative company, Jednota České Budějovice. The main objective of the bachelor thesis is to determine, whether the company uses any marketing tools and to potentially propose new methods in an effort to optimize their marketing. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to a summary of theoretical concepts applicable to this practical example. These concepts are subsequently put into practice in the second part of the thesis. In this part is shown, how the selected company implements marketing. Data the practical part was obtained from interviews with employees of the co-operative company, Jednota České Budějovice. Finally, based on that, changes in how the company's marketing is done are put forward.
Fe-based amorphous powder cores with low core loss and improvement of permeability

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Fe-based amorphous powder cores of Fe–Si–B–Cr–C magnetic powder and phenolic binder were fabricated, and the effects of annealing and compaction pressure on the soft magnetic properties and core loss were investigated. The formation of Fe–B and α-Fe (Si) phases was confirmed at the annealing temperature above 773 K. The density gradually increased from 5.3 to 5.5 g/cm3 as annealing temperature increased, resulting in the saturation magnetization 4πMs increased to 1.0 T at 773 K. The effect of compaction pressure was studied by using samples annealed at 723 K. Both the density and 4πMs enhanced with compaction pressure from 980 to 1960 MPa. The real part of permeability µ’ remained constant for the frequency up to 2 MHz. The initial value of µ’ increased from 25 to 38 with compaction pressure. Consequently, at Bm of 50 mT and frequency of 100 kHz, the considerably low core loss of 67 kW/m3 was obtained. The low core loss and moderately high permeability of Fe–Si–B–Cr–C amorphous powder core across a wide frequency range indicate its potential for application in high frequency electronic components.