jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Latent semantic indexing for semantic content detection of video shots

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Low-level features are now becoming insufficient to build efficient content-based retrieval systems. The interest of users is not any more to retrieve visually similar content, but they expect retrieval systems to find documents with similar semantic content. Bridging the gap between low-level features and semantic content is a challenging task necessary for future retrieval systems. Latent semantic indexing (LSI) was successfully introduced to efficiently index text documents. We propose to adapt this technique to efficiently represent the visual content of video shots for semantic content detection. Although we restrict our approach to visual features, it can be extended with minor changes to audio and motion features to build a multi-modal system. The semantic content is then detected thanks to two classifiers: k-nearest neighbors and neural network classifiers. Finally, in the experimental section we show the performances of each classifier and the performance gain obtained with LSI features compared to traditional features.
Welsh Indians: the Madoc legend and the first Welsh radicalism

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Welsh Indians: the Madoc legend and the first Welsh radicalism Get access Gwyn A. Williams Gwyn A. Williams Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar History Workshop Journal, Volume 1, Issue 1, SPRING 1976, Pages 136–154, https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/1.1.136 Published: 01 March 1976
ELECTRONIC LETTER Parental attitude towards genetic testing for familial hypercholesterolaemia in children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Nationwide screening for familial hypercholesterolae-mia (FH), using family investigation and moleculartesting, has been operative in The Netherlands since 1994.1 FH is a common inherited disorder of lipoprotein metabolism with a prevalence of 1 in 400 to 500 persons in western societies.2 Untreated, the disorder leads to hypercho-lesterolaemia, premature cardiovascular disease, and untimely death.3 Consequently, the life expectancy of FH patients is reduced by 10-20 years.4 Unfortunately, the disorder is often diagnosed after cardiovascular symptoms become evident and precious time for reducing the cardiovascular burden by efficacious lipid lowering drug treatment is lost.5 6 The aim of the programme is therefore to identify presymptomatic FH patients and to initiate treatment at an early stage of the dis-ease. Patients are diagnosed on the basis of carriership of one of the 159 different LDL receptor gene mutations causing FH that have been identified in Dutch patients to date.7
HAZMAT. IX. An Analysis of the UV and X-Ray Evolution of Low-Mass Stars in the Era of Gaia

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Low mass stars ($\leq 1$ M$_{\odot}$) are some of the best candidates for hosting planets with detectable life because of these stars' long lifetimes and relative planet to star mass and radius ratios. An important aspect of these stars to consider is the amount of ultraviolet (UV) and X-ray radiation incident on planets in the habitable zones due to the ability of UV and X-ray radiation to alter the chemistry and evolution of planetary atmospheres. In this work, we build on the results of the HAZMAT I (Shkolnik & Barman 2014) and HAZMAT III (Schneider & Shkolnik 2018) M star studies to determine the intrinsic UV and X-ray flux evolution with age for M stars using Gaia parallactic distances. We then compare these results to the intrinsic fluxes of K stars adapted from HAZMAT V (Richey-Yowell et al. 2019). We find that although the intrinsic M star UV flux is 10 to 100 times lower than that of K stars, the UV fluxes in their respective habitable zone are similar. However, the habitable zone X-ray flux evolutions are slightly more distinguishable with a factor of 3 -- 15 times larger X-ray flux for late-M stars than for K stars. These results suggest that there may not be a K dwarf advantage compared to M stars in the UV, but one may still exist in the X-ray.
In vitro analysis of the wear, wear debris and biological activity of surface-engineered coatings for use in metal-on-metal total hip replacements

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Extremely low wear rates have been reported for metal-on-metal total hip replacements, but concerns remain about the effects of metal ion release, dissolution rates and toxicity. Surface-engineered coatings have the potential to improve wear resistance and reduce the biological activity of the wear debris produced. The aim of this study was to examine the wear and wear debris generation from surface-engineered coatings: titanium nitride (TiN), chromium nitride (CrN) and chromium carbon nitride (CrCN) applied to a cobalt-chrome alloy (CoCr) substrate. The coatings were articulated against themselves in a simple geometry model. The wear particles generated were characterized and the cytotoxic effect on U937 macrophages and L929 fibroblasts assessed. The CrN and CrCN coatings showed a decrease in wear compared to the CoCr bearings and produced small (less than 40 nm in length) wear particles. The wear particles released from the surface engineered bearings also showed a decreased cytotoxic effect on cells compared to the CoCr alloy debris. The reduced wear volumes coupled with the reduced cytotoxicity per unit volume of wear indicate the potential for the clinical application of this technology.
QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION OF HYDROPHILIC SUBSTANCES OF FRUITS AND PEDUNCLES OF THE CANDY TREE (HOVENIA DULCIS THUNB) AND FIG LEAVES (FICUS CARICA L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was conducted in order to expand knowledge about the composition of fig leaves, as well as the fruits of the candy tree and their edible stems, seeds and seedless parts of fruits, as well as bare branches. It showed that the dry powder obtained as a result of drying the November fig leaves of the Sarı Abşeron variety from the Guba district (Azerbaijan) in air at room temperature contains quite a lot of ascorbic acid - 33.76 mg/100 g. While the mass fraction of the total amount of simple sugars was at a relatively low level - 4.83%/100 g. This allows them to be used in the preparation of dietary teas and C-vitamin drinks. In the total mass of the stems of the candy tree from the Geokchai period of mid-December, their edible part (peduncles) accounted for 81.5%, which is a good condition for organizing their collection and processing. Analyses have shown that in fleshy peduncles the content of simple sugars is 27.98 g / 100 g, vitamin C is 35.20 mg/ 100 g, and the bare stems and seeds are rich in common polyphenols. The results obtained can be useful for nutritionists, innovation managers in the production of therapeutic and prophylactic beverages and their manufacturers.
Diurnal Variations of Post-exercise Parasympathetic Nervous Reactivation in Different Chronotypes.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the diurnal variation and chronotype differences, i.e., in morning-types and evening-types, in post-exercise vagal reactivation. Twelve healthy male college students who were classified as morning-type (6) and evening-type (6), based on responses to a questionnaire, participated in this study. Postexercise vagal reactivation was assessed as the time constant of the beat-by-beat heart rate decrease for the first 30 sec after exercise (T30) at an intensity lower than the ventilatory threshold. The subjects performed 3-min cycle ergometer exercise at an intensity corresponding to 80% of the ventilatory threshold after a 1 min warm-up exercise in the morning (7:00 - 8:00) and evening (17:00 - 18:00) to obtain the T30. A significant interaction (chronotype-by-time) effect was found for T30. The morning value of the T30 in evening-type subjects was significantly larger than their evening value and the morning value in morning-type subjects. There was no significant interaction effect for heart rate and oxygen uptake during exercise. These results suggest that diurnal variation in post-exercise vagal reactivation is different between morning-type and evening-type, and post-exercise vagal reactivation in evening-type individuals is sluggish in the morning.
Data from NKG7 Is a T-cell–Intrinsic Therapeutic Target for Improving Antitumor Cytotoxicity and Cancer Immunotherapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Cytotoxic CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells (CTL) are a crucial component of the immune system notable for their ability to eliminate rapidly proliferating malignant cells. However, the T-cell intrinsic factors required for human CTLs to accomplish highly efficient antitumor cytotoxicity are not well defined. By evaluating human CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells from responders versus nonresponders to treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors, we sought to identify key factors associated with effective CTL function. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of peripheral CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells from patients treated with anti–PD-1 therapy showed that cells from nonresponders exhibited decreased expression of the cytolytic granule-associated molecule natural killer cell granule protein-7 (<i>NKG7</i>). Functional assays revealed that reduced NKG7 expression altered cytolytic granule number, trafficking, and calcium release, resulting in decreased CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell–mediated killing of tumor cells. Transfection of T cells with <i>NKG7</i> mRNA was sufficient to improve the tumor-cell killing ability of human T cells isolated from nonresponders and increase their response to anti–PD-1 or anti–PD-L1 therapy <i>in vitro</i>. <i>NKG7</i> mRNA therapy also improved the antitumor activity of murine tumor antigen–specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in an <i>in vivo</i> model of adoptive cell therapy. Finally, we showed that the transcription factor ETS1 played a role in regulating NKG7 expression. Together, our results identify NKG7 as a necessary component for the cytotoxic function of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and establish NKG7 as a T-cell–intrinsic therapeutic target for enhancing cancer immunotherapy.</p><p><i><a href="https://aacrjournals.org/cancerimmunolres/article/doi/10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-20-0649" target="_blank">See related article by Li et al., p. 154.</a></i></p></div>
Marginal Bone Loss and Clinical Evaluation of Angled Implants: A Retrospective Study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Aim: The volume of the edentulous crest and its proximity to critical anatomical structures are important limiting factors for implant surgery. Surgical procedures with complications can be avoided by placing angled implants. The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate marginal bone loss and the complications of angled implants. Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight dental implants were examined in 32 patients (16 females, 16 males) with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images from patients with angled implants and complete edentation. The marginal bone loss in angled implants that were functional for 15 to 30 months was evaluated according to factors such as implant angle, connection type, opposing arch restoration type and planning of superstructure restoration. Marginal bone loss measurements were recorded from CBCT sections. Results: It was determined that 3.44% of the implants placed had an inclination of less than 15°, 75.86% had an inclination between 15° and 30° and 20.68% had an inclination of more than 30°. While there was no marginal bone loss on the mesial and distal surfaces, the average marginal bone loss was 0.66 on the buccal surfaces and 0.93 in the lingual region. Only one of the implants examined failed. No pain or infection was observed in any of the implants examined. Conclusion: According to the results of this retrospective clinical study, further clinical studies with larger sample sizes are needed to evaluate angled implants supported by full arch fixed prostheses as a predictable and valid treatment method in the prosthetic rehabilitation of edentulous jaws.
Evaluation of a token economy in a school for disruptive children

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The "medical" approach to the treatment of "behavioural problems is first considered, and dismissed as being an inappropriate conceptual framework for applications in education. Behaviour modification is presented as a more appropriate approach to intervention, and the advantages that pertain to the classroom teacher are discussed. Controversial issues are summarily reviewed, and include a discussion of the ethics of behavioural intervention and the polemics of behaviour therapy. Further discussion of the literature is mainly concerned with the procedural aspects of implementing behavioural programmes, and includes reference to methodology, functional analysis, and techniques of accelerating/facilitating and eliminating behaviours in the classroom. Particular emphasis is placed on the application of token economies to improve social and academic behaviours. The research report describes how a token economy was implemented in a classroom of six disruptive children. An intra-subject, reversal design was used within a phenomenal/ behavioural framework. Points were given contingent upon appropriate targeted classroom behaviour, and these could be exchanged for back-up reinforcers at a later time. Inappropriate target behaviours decreased significantly during the token phases but increased again during reversal phases. Assignment and on-task behaviours increased significantly during the token phases. Data suggests that some generalization occurred from morning to afternoon sessions for assignment behaviour, and from target behaviour to non-target behaviours. There was no evidence of generalization from token phases to non-token phases. Anecdotal evidence suggested that the students became very intransigent when the token system was removed; they "enjoyed" school more during the token phases. In the discussion a number of methodological and procedural aspects of the study are explored, and alternative strategies presented. The study shows that it is possible to effectively implement a phenomenal/behavioural programme in a classroom of disruptive students for minimal cost and time, with maximal benefits accruing to both teachers and students.
A Systematic Review of Games for Learning Chinese

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Education has become more digitalised, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, and learning Chinese language is not an exception. Educational games, some of them based on artificial intelligence, have been designed for learning languages. This systematic review aims to examine recent (from 2017 to 2022) research published in Science Direct and Scopus databases on the use and impact of educational games, specifically in Chinese language learning. The in-depth review of 28 studies shows that games are effective tools for Chinese learning that impact students’ motivation, self-efficacy progress, and learning satisfaction. However, more in-depth research should measure this impact.
Determining the first order perturbation of a polyharmonic operator on admissible manifolds

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider the inverse boundary value problem for the first order perturbation of the polyharmonic operator $\mathcal L_{g,X,q}$, with $X$ being a $W^{1,\infty}$ vector field and $q$ being an $L^\infty$ function on compact Riemannian manifolds with boundary which are conformally embedded in a product of the Euclidean line and a simple manifold. We show that the knowledge of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann determines $X$ and $q$ uniquely. The method is based on the construction of complex geometrical optics solutions using the Carleman estimate for the Laplace-Beltrami operator due to Dos Santos Ferreira, Kenig, Salo and Uhlmann. Notice that the corresponding uniqueness result does not hold for the first order perturbation of the Laplace-Beltrami operator.
[99mTc‐HYNIC/EDDA]‐MccJ25 antimicrobial peptide analog as a potential radiotracer for detection of infection

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Bacterial infections are a serious risk to human health, and therefore techniques for early detection of infectious foci need to be further developed to begin treatment quickly and achieve better results. Antimicrobial peptides labeled with gamma‐emission radio nuclides are important diagnostic radiotracers in nuclear medicine. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of a 99m Tc‐labeled MicrocinJ25 (MccJ25) antimicrobial peptide analog for early detection of infection. For this purpose, a HYNIC conjugated cyclic peptide derivative based on the primary structure of MccJ25 peptide was prepared and labeled by 99m Tc with tricine and EDDA as coligands. The [ 99m Tc‐HYNIC/EDDA]‐MccJ25 peptide analog showed high radiochemical purity (˃90% ( n = 5)) which was stable up to 24 hr after labeling. The radiotracer showed specific uptake to the Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) bacterial (40.45 ± 5.21%) at 1 hr incubation. High kidneys uptake of radioactivity (4.71 ± 0.84% and 3.76 ± 0.45% ID/g at 1 and 4 hr after injection respectively) demonstrates that most of the whole body clearance was proceeded via the urinary system. Significant radioactivity uptake (1.71 ± 0.34%ID/g) was observed in thigh muscle of mouse with E. coli induced infection at 1 hr after injection. In the blocking test, due to the significant decrease of radioactivity uptake in the infection site (0.62 ± 0.21%ID/g after 1 hr), the specificity of infection uptake was reviled. Despite the high activity of the bladder due to urinary excretion, the infected area was somewhat visible. Hence, the results indicate the potential of this new radiotracer to be used as a diagnostic agent in E. coli infections.
Book publishing activity in Ukraine following the results of 2023

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The analytical review considers and analyzes the current state of publishing books and brochures in Ukraine in 2023, gives a detailed description of the general characteristics of book publishing in 2022—2023. Quantitative and qualitative indicators have been determined, the state of Ukrainian book publishing in 2023 has been analyzed according to the range of publishing products, its linguistic and territorial features. Statistical data on the issue of books and brochures by leading domestic publishers of various forms of ownership, including the sphere of management of the State Committee for Television and Radio Broadcasting, are presented. The analytical review was conducted on the basis of statistical data published in the statistical collection "Print of Ukraine (2022)" and consolidated statistical reports on the issue of non-periodicals in Ukraine in 2022, 2023.
Assessing the morality of the commercial exploitation of inventions concerning uses of human embryos and the relevance of moral complicity

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In late 2008, the Enlarged Board of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) reached a decision supporting the rejection of a patent application on human embryonic stem cells filed by the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (WARF). This article comments on some of the shortcomings of the decision. The key legal provisions at issue in this case were Rule 28(c) EPC, which forbids the granting of patents in respect of biotechnological inventions which concern uses of human embryos for industrial or commercial purposes, and Article 53(a) EPC, the morality provision of the European Patent Convention. The Board rightly found the Rule to exclude WARF’s claims (but, we argue, left a “deposit loophole”). However, one of the issues the Board had to address was whether the Rule might not apply because it extended the scope of prohibited subject matter beyond that prohibited by the Article. We argue that, unless the Article had been found to exclude patentability, the applicability of the Rule could not be determined. Even though at the oral hearing before the Board, both WARF and the EPO President identified the question whether the Article (the morality provision) constituted a barrier to patentability as the core issue in this case, the Board astonishingly decided that this question did not need answering (even though the Board did hint at the basis for the answer). We argue that this is a major shortcoming of the decision. Finally, we comment on the relevance of moral complicity to the question of patentability.
APPLICATION OF ENZYMATIC MEDICATIONS IN PEDIATRICS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The article considers one of the topical issues of children's gas troenterology — disturbance of the pancreas functioning, its possible reasons and clinical manifestations, as well as diagnostics and treatment issues. The article considers the requirements for enzymatic medications to efficiently correct the excretory insufficiency of the pancreas. The authors describe a high performance medication for this case, demonstrate its features.Key words: excretory insufficiency pancreas, treatment, enzymatic medications, children.
The Effects of Kinesio Taping on Back Pain, Flexibility and Muscular Endurance of the elderly women

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Kinesio Taping Therapy on the reduction of pain and function in the lumbar region of elderly women. The test subjects were elderly women of both twenty persons of taping and control group, which were complained of lumbar pain in the I region. In addition, wide tape of 5 cm was applied twice a week for four weeks. In this present study, we conduct various analysis such as visual analogue scale, sitting trunk flexion, standing lateral flexion, and muscular endurance test. These results exhibit that visual analogue scale decreases statistical a change, and both sitting trunk flexion and standing lateral flexion test increase statistical a change. Moreover, muscle endurance test also increases significant a change. Therefore, these unique characteristics lead to positive effect of kinesio taping therapy for elder women.
Creative Hub as a Creative Space for Young People of Palu City With Plowright Pattern-Based Design Method

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This res earch is motivated by the increas e in the creative indus try s ector in Palu City, es pecially in the craft, film and performing arts s ubs ectors and als o the adjus tment of s pace for the public in the new normal era so that the urgency of the need for s paces that can facilitate creative activities , es pecially during this pandemic, needs to be provided, es pecially in the Palu City area s o that the title rais ed in the form of "Creative Hub as a Space for Youth Creativity in Palu City" can be a forum for utilizing exis ting potential. The des ign of the Creative Hub of Palu City is intended to provide good interaction for the s urrounding environment and can als o be a des ign s olution in the new normal era and in accordance with the context of the city of Palu for the completion of the des ign of the Creative Hub of Palu City us ing the de s ign method of Plowright Pattern bas ed des ign where the key operation of patterns / s hapes in architecture as s tructuring, organization and pattern compos ition games . The des ign of the Creative Hub of Palu City is expected to be a place that can s upport th e creativity and productivity of creative indus try players and als o the general public and can be a planning s olution for the Covid -19 pandemic-friendly des ign principles .