jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome: A population-based survey

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are a group of stress-sensitive gut-brain disorders. The COVID-19 outbreak has caused immense stress and anxiety among the general public. Strict measures to counter COVID-19 emergency, including physical distancing have also taken a toll on physical and mental health. We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms of functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS: An online survey was conducted in Japan for a group of randomly assigned panelists from May 26 to 27, 2020. Each respondent answered a questionnaire on stress, physical distancing, and worries about COVID-19. Gastrointestinal symptoms were assessed to diagnose FD and IBS (Rome III), and psychological symptoms were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. RESULTS: A total of 5157 subjects were finally enrolled, with FD in 8.5%, IBS in 16.6%, and FD-IBS overlap in 4.0%. For both gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms, respondents with FD-IBS overlap showed the worst scores, followed by IBS-alone, then FD-alone respondents. During the COVID-19 pandemic, 11.9% of respondents reported deterioration and 2.8% reported improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms. FD-IBS overlap, psychological disease comorbidity, and stress at work/school were significantly associated with symptom deterioration. Younger age, commuting by public transport, and work/study from home were associated with symptom improvement. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected FD/IBS subjects, with respondents showing FD-IBS overlap syndrome as the most important independent factor associated with deterioration in gastrointestinal symptoms. Physicians need to take extra care of FD/IBS patients in the post-COVID period.
Youth employment and education in Finland

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter provides an overview of the educational and employment outcomes and well-being of young people in Finland. After briefly outlining the economic context of the past decade, it compares the educational and employment performance of young Finns with that of young people across OECD countries. The chapter then describes the size and composition of the population of young people who are not in employment, education or training (NEETs), paying particular attention to how their outlook and health compares to other youth. The chapter concludes with discussing the comparative length of inactivity of youth in Finland and the risk factors associated with remaining a NEET for an extended period.
The Emergence of Global Maoism: China's Red Evangelism and the Cambodian Movement, 1949–1979

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Book Review| June 13 2023 The Emergence of Global Maoism: China's Red Evangelism and the Cambodian Movement, 1949–1979 The Emergence of Global Maoism: China's Red Evangelism and the Cambodian Movement, 1949–1979. By Matthew Galway. Ithaca, NY, and London: Cornell University Press, 2022. 324 pp. ISBN: 9781501761829. James Gethyn Evans James Gethyn Evans Harvard University jamesevans@fas.harvard.edu Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of Asian Studies 10849902. https://doi.org/10.1215/00219118-10849902 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation James Gethyn Evans; The Emergence of Global Maoism: China's Red Evangelism and the Cambodian Movement, 1949–1979. Journal of Asian Studies 2023; 10849902. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00219118-10849902 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsJournal of Asian Studies Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2023 Association for Asian Studies2023 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Catha edulis Forsk and Ascorbic Acid Effects on Hematological Indices in Rat

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abebaye Aragaw Leminie,1 Tesfaye Tolessa Dugul,1 Eyasu Makonnen Eshetu,2 Daniel Seyifu Melka3 1Department of Physiology, Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacology, Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 3Department of Biochemistry, Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Abebaye Aragaw Leminie Email abebaye.aragaw@aau.edu.etBackground: The prevalence of chewing Catha edulis Forsk and the use of ascorbic acid is increasing from time to time. Their subchronic effects on hematological indices are not well examined. The present study was aimed to investigate their subchronic effects on hematological indices in rats.Materials and Methods: A total of 36 adult (7â 8 weeks) wild-type rats weighing between 213 and 229g were used in this study. They received Catha edulis Forsk extract (Ce) (100 milligrams/kilogram, 200 milligram/kilogram and 300 milligram/kilogram b.w), Catha edulis Forsk juice (2.5 mL/kg), ascorbic acid (AA 200 milligram/kilogram), and 2% tween 80 in distilled water (T80W- v/v) for twelve weeks. Hematological indices were measured with Sysmex KX-21. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21.0 and Microsoft Excel.Results: Neutrocytes (p &lt; 0.01), lymphocytes (p &lt; 0.05), plateletcrit (p &lt; 0.05), average size of platelets (p &lt; 0.05), platelet size variability (p &lt; 0.01), plateletâlarge cell ratio (p &lt; 0.05) and neutrocytes/lymphocytes ratio (p &lt; 0.001) were significantly greater, while hemoglobin concentration per red blood cell (p &lt; 0.05) and hemoglobin concentration per volume of red blood cells were significantly reduced (p &lt; 0.05) in rats received khat. The red cell distribution width (p &lt; 0.05), platelet size variability (p &lt; 0.05) and plateletâlarge cell ratio (p &lt; 0.01) were significantly greater in rats received ascorbic acid.Conclusion: Crude Catha edulis Forsk extract and juice changed some hematological indices and increased platelet activities. The platelet activity was also increased by ascorbic acid. The mechanisms for these changes need to be investigated.Keywords: Catha edulis Forsk, ascorbic acid, hematological indices
The Application of Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (Ecg) and Prostaglandin F2α to Increase the Rate of Pregnancy in Bali Cattle at Buleleng, Bali

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

This research objective was to increase the rate of pregnancy in Bali cattle using eCG and PGF2 14Î±"> at Buleleng, Bali. The experimental animal used in this study comprised of 18 female Bali cattles, with normal estrus cycle and 18 months old of age. The Bali cattles are all healthy with a body score of at least 2. The Control Group was injected with PGF2α 25 mg intramuscular twice on day 0 and day 11. Treatment Group 1 was injected with PGF2α 25 mg and eCG dosage of 400 IU intramuscular. Treatment Group 2 was injected with PGF2α 25 mg and eCG dosage of 600 IU intramuscular. On day 14, the female Bali cattle both Treatment Group 1 and 2 respectively showed signs of estrus. Few hours’ later artificial insemination was performed on the same day. On Day 30, all 18 female Bali cattle were checked for pregnancy using Ultrasonography (USG). The female Bali cattle were assumed to be pregnant because there were signs of enlargement in cornua uteri unilaterally. Therefore, this indicates that there was no significant difference between Treatment Group 1 and Treatment Group 2 in pregnancy rate. The results from Control Group showed 4 pregnant and 2 not-pregnant; Treatment Group 1 showed 6 pregnant; Treatment Group 2 showed 6 pregnant. Based on the results, Control Group showed 88% of the Bali cattle were pregnant. Meanwhile, Treatment Group 1 and Treatment Group 2 showed 100% pregnant from the total 18 Bali cattle. Therefore, this research showed a positive feedback consistent with the objective. Key words: Bali Cattle, eCG, PGF2 14Î±"> and The Rate of Pregnancy.
On the probability of detection for a 2D sensor array with correlated measurements

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The probability of detection is a key performance metric that assesses a receiver's ability to detect the presence of a signal. Receiver performance is evaluated by comparing empirical measurements against an exact or a bounded theoretical limit. If the detection statistic is based on multiple, independent measurements, it is relatively straight forward to formulate the joint probability density function (PDF) as a multi-variate Gaussian distribution (MVG). In this work, we consider the detection statistic that arises when combining correlated measurements from a two-dimensional array of sensors. The joint PDF does not readily fit into a multi-variate Gaussian model. We illustrate a method by which we can construct a block-diagonal covariance matrix that can be used to cast the joint PDF into the standard MVG form. This expression can then be evaluated numerically to compute a theoretical probability of detection. We validate the authenticity of the joint PDF using Monte-Carlo simulations. We quantify the impact of correlated measurements on the probability of detection.
A binuclear vanadium(III) complex containing the linear [VOV]4+ unit: preparation, structure, and properties of tetrakis(dimethylaminoethanethiolato)oxodivanadium

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA binuclear vanadium(III) complex containing the linear [VOV]4+ unit: preparation, structure, and properties of tetrakis(dimethylaminoethanethiolato)oxodivanadiumJoanna K. Money, Kirsten Folting, John C. Huffman, and George ChristouCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1987, 26, 6, 944–948Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00253a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00253a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views95Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Tracking 6 Weeks of training/surfing sessions of adolescent competitive surfers: Just what are these young surfers up to?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The assessment of weekly and even monthly surf practice/training hours is vital for understanding the loads these up and coming surfers endure. Such information will help understand what kind of training these athletes are undertaking, how long they are surfing, what they consider training, and also areas that should be improved upon in terms of specific training. The purpose of this study was to establish surfers' training hours in terms of strength, balance and conditioning hours, as well as surfing hours, coached hours and competition hours. The monitoring of the athletes will provide insights into the weekly surf hours compared to land-based training these athletes do.
Crystal structure of 3-(4-methylphenyl)-1-phenyl-5-[(E)-2-phenylethenyl]-1H-pyrazole

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In the title compound, C24H20N2, the dihedral angles between the pyrazole ring and the pendant phenyl, toluoyl and phenyl-ethenyl rings are 41.50 (8), 4.41 (8) and 31.07 (8)°, respectively. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by a π-π stacking inter-actions between the phenyl-ethenyl rings are observed [centroid-centroid separation = 3.5857 (9) Å].
Range shifts of a relict Himalayan dragonfly in the Hindu Kush Himalayan region under climate change scenarios

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Although understanding of geographic range shifts of many species in response to global climate change is expanding steadily, little is known about the Himalayan fauna, which in particular is affected by relatively faster warming rates than other parts of the world.Anticipated increases in temperature and changes in hydrological regimes will have significant adverse impacts on the habitat suitability for many species.This threat will even be higher to endemic and already threatened species due to their restricted distribution and narrow climate tolerance ranges.We investigated the range shifts of a relict Himalayan dragonfly (Epiophlebia laidlawi), a species that is endemic to the Hindu Kush Himalayan region.Currently, the species is only known from few localities in Bhutan, India and Nepal.For conservation of the species, it is necessary to foresee potential suitable habitat areas and range shifts due to global climate change.Here, we first estimated the current potential geographic distribution by identifying the suitable habitat area in the region using bioclimatic envelope models, by means of consensus projections of six algorithms as implemented in the BIOMOD-package in the software program R. We then used the current distribution to render future projections under the A2a and B2a IPCC emission scenarios for the years 2050 and 2080.Models predict that the suitable habitat area of the species will shift on average 374 m and 599 m uphill under the extreme (A2a) climate warming scenario, and 294 m and 342 m uphill under the moderate (B2a) scenario by 2050 and 2080, respectively.Future suitable habitat areas are projected to remain only in the high mountains of eastern Nepal.The results will help conservationists to delineate priority habitats in the first step towards the species conservation in the region.
Imperfectly Competitive Labor Markets

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This chapter contains section titled: BEHIND THE WAGE ASSUMPTIONS OF THE COMPETITIVE MODEL Wage-taking behavior Flexible wage adjustment MONOPSONY IN THE LABOR MARKET Pure monopsony Oligopsony: the case of limited buyer-side competition Mobility barriers and monopsony power UNIONS AS LABOR MONOPOLIES Wage effects for unionized workers Labor spillover and threat effects of union wage gains THE PROBLEM OF BILATERAL MONOPOLY WAGE-DEPENDENT GAINS FROM LABOR EXCHANGE CONCLUSION
The related actors of operation incision infection in patients with open fracture: An analysis of 163 cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To analyze the factors in surgical incision infection with open fractures. Methods A total of 163 patients with open fractures were included. All patients were divided into infected with 10 cases and uninfected group with 153 cases. Risk factors were analyzed through multiple factors regression. Results In infected group, the number of diabetes was 5(50.0%), Ⅲ incision was 6(60.0%), operation time was(2.4±1.3) h, length of hospital stay was(10.8±3.2) d, albumin levels was(39.1±3.3) g/L. In uninfected group, the number of diabetes was 33(21.6%), Ⅲ incision was 39(25.5%), operation time was(1.6±0.3) h, length of hospital stay was(7.2 ±2.5) d, albumin levels was(42.9±4.4) g/L. The differences were statistically significant(P 0.05). Which were independent risk factors for infection of incision. Conclusion Diabetes, Ⅲ incision, operation time and prolonged hospitalization, low albumin levels are related with surgical incision infection of open fractures.
Risk‐taking behavior in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Summary Objective Patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy ( JME ) often present with risk‐taking behavior, suggestive of frontal lobe dysfunction. Recent studies confirm functional and microstructural changes within the frontal lobes in JME . This study aimed at characterizing decision‐making behavior in JME and its neuronal correlates using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods We investigated impulsivity in 21 JME patients and 11 controls using the Iowa Gambling Task ( IGT ), which measures decision making under ambiguity. Performance on the IGT was correlated with activation patterns during an fMRI working memory task. Results Both patients and controls learned throughout the task. Post hoc analysis revealed a greater proportion of patients with seizures than seizure‐free patients having difficulties in advantageous decision making, but no difference in performance between seizure‐free patients and controls. Functional imaging of working memory networks showed that overall poor IGT performance was associated with an increased activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in JME patients. Impaired learning during the task and ongoing seizures were associated with bilateral medial prefrontal cortex ( PFC ) and presupplementary motor area, right superior frontal gyrus, and left DLPFC activation. Significance Our study provides evidence that patients with JME and ongoing seizures learn significantly less from previous experience. Interictal dysfunction within “normal” working memory networks, specifically, within the DLPFC and medial PFC structures, may affect their ability to learn.
The First Spark Spectrum of Caesium (Cs II)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

With an electrodeless discharge in a quartz tube the first spark spectrum of caesium has been rephotographed in the region $\ensuremath{\lambda}2954.07\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\lambda}1857.45$ by means of three sizes of quartz spectrographs. The classifications made by Laporte, Miller, and Sawyer and by Olthoff and Sawyer have been confirmed by additional transitions and used as a basis for extending the classification. Four missing terms in the blended $5{p}^{5}(^{2}P_{1\frac{1}{2}})7d,8s$; $5{p}^{5}(^{2}P_{1\frac{1}{2}})6d,7s$ configurations have been found, two of these giving rise to resonance lines. The proposed blended configurations $5{p}^{5}(^{2}P_{1\frac{1}{2}})8d,9s$; $5{p}^{5}(^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}})7d,8s$ contain thirteen terms; the $5{p}^{5}(^{2}P_{1\frac{1}{2}})10s$, one term, also giving a resonance line; the $5{p}^{5}(^{2}P_{1\frac{1}{2}})7p$, six terms; the $5{p}^{5}(^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}})7p$, three terms; and the $5{p}^{5}(^{2}P_{1\frac{1}{2}})nf$, eight terms. In all, 37 levels have been established and 189 lines have been classified. It has also been possible, through the discovery of $f$ terms, to separate the $d$ terms from the $s$ terms of the $5{p}^{5}(^{2}P_{1\frac{1}{2}})6d,7s$ configuration because of the failure of the $f$ and $s$ terms to combine. The classifications, assignment of inner quantum numbers, and the identification of levels agree with the theoretical considerations as well as with the predictions from the Xe I classification.
mesenchymal stem cells improves cardiac function in a rat model of dilated cardiomyopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background—Pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into a variety of cells, including cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells. However, little information is available about the therapeutic potency of MSC transplantation in cases of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), an important cause of heart failure. Methods and Results—We investigated whether transplanted MSCs induce myogenesis and angiogenesis and improve cardiac function in a rat model of DCM. MSCs were isolated from bone marrow aspirates of isogenic adult rats and expanded ex vivo. Cultured MSCs secreted large amounts of the angiogenic, antiapoptotic, and mitogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, adrenomedullin, and insulin-like growth factor-1. Five weeks after immunization, MSCs or vehicle was injected into the myocardium. Some engrafted MSCs were positive for the cardiac markers desmin, cardiac troponin T, and connexin-43, whereas others formed vascular structures and were positive for von Willebrand factor or smooth muscle actin. Compared with vehicle injection, MSC transplantation significantly increased capillary density and decreased the collagen volume fraction in the myocardium, resulting in decreased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (111 versus 161 mm Hg, P0.05) and increased left ventricular maximum dP/dt (6767323 versus 5138280 mm Hg/s, P0.05). Conclusions—MSC transplantation improved cardiac function in a rat model of DCM, possibly through induction of myogenesis and angiogenesis, as well as by inhibition of myocardial fibrosis. The beneficial effects of MSCs might be
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING, 2014 1 The Isometric Log-Ratio Transform for Probabilistic Multi-Label Anatomical Shape Representation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract—Sources of uncertainty in the boundaries of struc-tures in medical images have motivated the use of probabilistic labels in segmentation applications. An important component in many medical image segmentation tasks is the use of a shape model, often generated by applying statistical techniques to training data. Standard statistical techniques (e.g. principal component analysis) often assume data lies in an unconstrained vector space, but probabilistic labels are constrained to the unit simplex. If these statistical techniques are used directly on prob-abilistic labels, relative uncertainty information can be sacrificed. A standard method for facilitating analysis of probabilistic labels is to map them to a vector space using the LogOdds transform. However, the LogOdds transform is asymmetric in one of the labels, which skews results in some applications. The isometric log-ratio (ILR) transform is a symmetrized version of the LogOdds transform, and is so named as it is an isometry between the Aitchison geometry, the inherent geometry of the simplex, and standard Euclidean geometry. We explore how to interpret the Aitchison geometry when applied to probabilistic labels in medical image segmentation applications. We demonstrate the differences when applying the LogOdds transform or the ILR transform to probabilistic labels prior to statistical analysis. Specifically, we show that statistical analysis of ILR transformed data better captures the variability of anatomical shapes in cases where multiple different foreground regions share boundaries (as opposed to foreground-background boundaries).