jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comparison the Effect of Adding Waterly Extract of Black Seeds (Nigella Sativa ), Chamomile and Fenugreek with Drinking Water on Productive Performance for Broiler

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The present study was conducted to compare the effect of adding waterly extract of black seeds(Nigella Sativa ), chamomile and fenugreek seeds individually with drinking water on the productive performance of broilers, the addition started from the age of 8 days. It used 180 unsexed chicks from the Ross 308 strain and randomly distributed the chicks to 4 treatments. The Control treatment where drinking water was provided to the birds free of any addition.T1-Treatment of addition of watery extract of Nigella Sativa with bird drinking water T2-Treatment of adding watery extract of chamomile with bird drinking water. T3-Treatment of adding watery extract of fenugreek with bird drinking . The results of the statistical analysis indicated that there was a significant improvement in the rate of final live body weight, the rate of weight gain and feed consumed for T1 and T2 treatments . There were no significant differences among treatments in the feed conversion ratio, there was no mortality of chicks during duration of the experiment.
On the reliability of electronic payment systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

One of the problems facing the builders of the 'Information Superhighway' is how to charge for services. The high costs of billing systems suggest that prepayment mechanisms could play a large part in the solution. Yet how does one go about making an electronic prepayment system (or indeed any kind of payment system) robust? We describe some recent systems engineering experience which may be relevant-the successful introduction of cryptology to protect prepayment electricity meters from token fraud. These meters are used by a number of utilities from Scotland to South Africa, and they present some interesting reliability challenges.
Abstract 3477: Maximizing the outcome of CD226 stimulation through targeting beyond TIGIT signaling with combination and multi-specific approaches for cancer immunotherapy

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The CD226 (DNAM-1) axis has emerged as an important immune-modulatory pathway that regulates T cell and NK cell effector functions in the solid tumor microenvironment. Three inhibitory receptors, TIGIT, CD96, and PVRIG, inhibit the activating receptor CD226 by competing for shared ligands (CD112 and CD155) expressed on tumor cells and myeloid cells. Blocking the TIGIT receptor with monoclonal antibodies is a major focus of current clinical development efforts. However, the effectiveness of targeting TIGIT alone in a clinical setting has yet to be demonstrated. We hypothesize that blocking TIGIT alone may not lead to an optimal clinical outcome since immuno-stimulatory interaction between the ligands CD112 and CD155 with CD226 can be competed by inhibitory receptors CD96 and PVRIG in addition to TIGIT. It is therefore interesting to investigate whether all these checkpoints play critical roles in the tumor environment and if inhibiting one or more may be necessary to achieve the maximum CD226 activation in both innate and adaptive immune cells. To address that, we have conducted single-cell analysis and demonstrated high expression levels and co-expression of the three inhibitory receptors on T cell subsets and NK cells in the tumor microenvironment for multiple tumor types. Thus, simultaneous blockade of two or more of these receptors might be required for full CD226 activation and T and NK cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity. We envision developing blocking antibodies to these receptors in the CD226 axis toward potential combinations or multi-specific antibody therapies against solid tumors. Antibodies against all three checkpoints, i.e., TIGIT, CD96, and PVRIG, were selected based on receptor binding and their ability to block the receptor interaction with their ligands. We have demonstrated the functionality of the antibodies against these three targets and explored the best approach to alleviate the suppressive regulation of CD226 signaling. Detailed characterizations of these antibodies have been performed, and multi-specific antibodies have been generated and evaluated. Through this effort, we aim to define and develop the best therapeutic strategy for unleashing the CD226 axis for T and NK cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity. Citation Format: Tom Li Stephen, Qian Zhang, Byung-Kwon Lee, Chao Kong, Rain Sun, Jia Wu, Jie Cui, Hillary Shah, Wenhua Xu, Yun-Yueh Lu, Joshua Whitener, Emily Jackson, Jinping Gan, Francisco Adrian, Liang Schweizer. Maximizing the outcome of CD226 stimulation through targeting beyond TIGIT signaling with combination and multi-specific approaches for cancer immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3477.
Live imaging of laser machining via plasma deep learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Real-time imaging of laser materials processing can be challenging as the laser generated plasma can prevent direct observation of the sample. However, the spatial structure of the generated plasma is strongly dependent on the surface profile of the sample, and therefore can be interrogated to indirectly provide an image of the sample. In this study, we demonstrate that deep learning can be used to predict the appearance of the surface of silicon before and after the laser pulse, in real-time, when being machined by single femtosecond pulses, directly from camera images of the generated plasma. This demonstration has immediate impact for real-time feedback and monitoring of laser materials processing where direct observation of the sample is not possible.
Comparative Study of Liver Function and Rh Blood Group between both Physiological and Pathological Neonatal Jaundice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Backgrounds: Jaundice occurs in most newborn due to increased bilirubin concentration. Jaundice is observed during the first week after birth in approximately 60% of term neonates. A high level of bilirubin is neurotoxic and may cause neonatal kernicterus, auditory neuropathy or death. Objectives: to compare the Rh group compatibility, serum bilirubin (total and direct), serum albumin and several liver enzymes between physiological and pathological neonatal jaundice Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study for one hundred neonates with jaundice divided into group 1: 50 newborns with physiological jaundice, Group 2: 50 newborns with pathological jaundice. Blood samples taken from each patient use to determination of Rh Group and blood group, serum bilirubin (total and direct, liver enzymes and albumin concentration. Results: in the present study Rh Compatibility show a significant relationship between newborns with physiological and pathological jaundice (p<0.05). Serum bilirubin (total and direct), serum albumin concentration and several liver enzymes were significantly higher when compare newborns with pathological jaundice with newborns of physiological jaundice (p<0.05). Conclusion: these finding demonstrate that newborns with pathological jaundice have higher concentrations of these parameters as compared with physiological jaundice .
The Social Network Induced by the Common Knowledge of Proverbs

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In a series of interviews, we collected a heterogeneous set of several million relations of positive and negative knowledge that a group of thousands of people has about a set of circa twenty-two thousand Portuguese proverbs. One of the interesting questions was if we could find a minimum base of proverbs as an indicator to decide from which place a person came due to their specific profile of proverbial knowledge. Before trying this challenge, we will analyse, in this article, the probability of achieving such an idea by trying to find out if a homomorphism between the proverbial knowledge and the geographical location of a person could exist. To solve this question, we chose an approach based on the analysis of social networks where the broadcast of oral culture, at least historically, could be interpreted as a trace of direct social contact between some of their users. We found, in the present pilot-project based on small data sets, that there are clusters where the neighbourhood relation inducted by the minimum Hamming distance could be a reflex of the geographical distribution and of some migration flux of the population.
Miocene continental gastropods from Dischingen, Germany

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Here is given an account, based on museum collections, of the fossil land and freshwater gastropods from Dischingen (Baden-Württemberg state, SW Germany). The fossiliferous outcrops belong to the Silvana Beds unit of the Upper Freshwater Molasse group, of late Early to early Middle Miocene age (Neogene European Land Mammal Zone MN 5). In total, 35 gastropod species were found (seven freshwater and 28 terrestrial), mainly belonging to Pulmonata, but also with representatives of Neritimorpha and Caenogastropoda. Seven species are reported here for the first time from Dischingen: Palaina diezi, Radix socialis, Granaria sp., Serrulina? sp., Discus pleuradrus, Punctum pumilio, and Oxyloma minima.
Between Men: Conrad in the Fiction of Two Contemporary Indian Writers

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Contemporary Indian literature in English1-itself a troubling category in a world ever more porous-also appears to be enjoying great success in both India and metropolitan centers the world over. While Indians have been writing in English since the early nineteenth century and producing novels in English since shortly after, Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children (1980) signaled the advent of a new kind of novel in English. Earlier Indian writers were selfconsciously aware of using the colonizer's language, a language considered inherently limited for the rendering of an Indian reality. Such were considered the divisive tensions between the opposing claims of Indian-English, that Meenakshi Mukherjee called this literature "twice-born" (5). Rushdie, on the other hand, and many other writers during the last two decades, use English as one of the Indian languages. Their success, in both India and elsewhere, stems in part from this ease with the English language and also from affinitiesbetween their works and sophisticated prose fiction. The new cosmopolitan novel is visible everywhere; just a quick glance at recent awardees of the prestigious Booker prize is instructive. In two of the most successful novels of the recent "boom" in Indian fiction-Amitav Ghosh's The Shadow Lines (1988) and Arundhati Roy's The God of Small Things (1997)—Conrad's works provide a familiar vocabulary within a tradition of the novel that might more fruitfully be considered the novel in English rather than British or Indian. Like other contemporary writers who choose to write in English, Roy and Ghosh do so for a global audience and accept the legacy of English literature of which they are also a part. Both writers are at once inheritors of an Indian and a wider cosmopolitan prose tradition, and their works have found niches with audiences worldwide, not just Indian and British. Ghosh and Roy echo Conrad-sometimes explicitly, sometimes less so-as they use Conradian elements in their own fictions. Below, I address how these two writers work with what appears at first an almost insignificant feature of Conrad's tales-male homosocial desire. Before doing so, I locate Conrad's colonial novel within the broader history of the novel and place Roy and Ghosh in the context of what has been understood as "writing back" to Conrad.
Camouflaging Vehicles Using Field Expedient Materials, Commercial Hardware Store Materials, Camouflage Nets, and Rubber Conveyer Belt Material

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In June of 2001, the US Army CERDEC NVESD camouflaged several vehicles for a FLIR field test at a wooded US Army test site in the western United States. The vehicles were camouflaged using field expedient camouflage materials, commercial hardware store materials, and standard camouflage nets. The camouflage materials were augmented with pieces of rubber conveyer belt material as observed being used on tanks in Serbia and Bosnia. The camouflage was placed on 3 US vehicles and Long wave FLIR imagery was collected at various ranges. The effectiveness of the camouflage treatments was analyzed.
Thoracic hyperkyphosis and its improvement in high-school baseball players

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Hyperkyphosis is one of the risk factors for medial elbow injuries in baseball players. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hyperkyphosis in high school baseball players (Experiment 1) and to investigate the acute effects of spine mat usage in improving hyperkyphosis in high school baseball players (Experiment 2). Experiment 1: A study of 142 high school baseball players was conducted. A Spinal Mouse® was used to measure the thoracic kyphosis angle (TKA) with participants in an upright position. Hyperkyphosis was defined as a TKA of >40° in this study. The results showed that the prevalence of hyperkyphosis was 20.4% (29/142). Experiment 2: The participants were 56 high-school baseball players. For the intervention, the participant was placed in a supine position on a bed, and a spine mat was inserted such that it adhered to the thoracic spine. The primary outcome variable was TKA measured in the upright position using a spinal mouse before and after intervention with a spine mat. Based on this evaluation, we assigned the participants to two groups: hyperkyphotic (n =18) and non-hyperkyphotic (n=38). There were significant differences in pre- and post-test TKA in both groups (hyperkyphotic group: pre-test 44.4±3.8°, post-test 39.9±4.6°, P < 0.01; non-hyperkyphotic: pre-test 31.8±5.7°, post-test 29.2±7.8°, P < 0.01). The results of this study indicate a high prevalence of hyperkyphosis in high school baseball players. In addition, using a spine mat may lead to an acute improvement in hyperkyphosis in high school baseball players.
Evaluation of a Fall Risk Assessment Tool to Establish Continuous Quality Improvement Process for Inpatients' Falls

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose: The aims of study were; (1) to evaluate the validity and sensitivity of a fall-risk assessment tool, and (2) to establish continuous quality improvement (CQI) methods to monitor the effective use of the risk assessment tool. Methods: A retrospective case-control cohort design was used. Analysis was conducted for 90 admissions as cases and 3,716 as controls during the 2006 and 2007 calendar years was conducted. Fallers were identified from the hospital’s Accident Reporting System, and non-fallers were selected by randomized selection. Accuracy estimates, sensitivity analysis and logistic regression were used. Results: At the lower cutoff score of one, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 82.2%, 19.3%, 0.03%, and 96.9%, respectively. The area under the ROC was 0.60 implying poor prediction. Logistic regression analysis showed that five out of nine constitutional items; age, history of falls, gait problems, and confusion were significantly associated with falls. Based on these results, we suggested a tailored falls CQI process with specific indexes. Conclusion: The fall-risk assessment tool was found to need considerable reviews for its validity and usage problems in practice. It is also necessary to develop protocols for use and identify strategies that reflect changes in patient conditions during hospital stay.
Shifting the Energy Toward Los Angeles: Comparing the Energetic Contribution and Pacing Approach Between 2000- and 1500-m Maximal Ergometer Rowing

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose : To compare the energetic contribution and pacing in 2000- and 1500-m maximal rowing-ergometer performances. Methods : On separate visits (>48 h apart, random order), 18 trained junior (16.7 [0.4] y) male rowers completed 3 trials: a 7 × 4-minute graded exercise test, a 2000-m time trial (TT 2000 ), and a 1500-m TT (TT 1500 ). Respiratory gases were continuously measured throughout each trial. The submaximal power-to-oxygen-consumption relationship from the graded exercise test was used to determine the accumulated oxygen deficit for each TT. Differences in mean power output (MPO), relative anaerobic contribution, percentage of peak oxygen uptake, pacing index, maximum heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and blood lactate concentration were assessed using linear mixed modeling. Results : Compared to TT 2000 (324 [24] W), MPO was 5.2% (3.3%) higher in TT 1500 (341 [29 W]; P < .001, ). There was a 4.9% (3.3%) increase ( P < .001, ) in anaerobic contribution from 17.3% (3.3%) (TT 2000 ) to 22.2% (4.3%) (TT 1500 ). Compared to TT 1500 , maximum heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and blood lactate concentration were all greater ( P < .05) in TT 2000 . The pacing index was not different between trials. Percentage increase in MPO from TT 2000 to TT 1500 was negatively associated with pacing variance in TT 1500 ( R 2 = .269, P = .027). Conclusions : Maximal ergometer performance over 1500 m requires a significantly greater anaerobic contribution compared with 2000 m. Junior male athletes adopt a consistent pacing strategy across both distances. However, those who experienced greater percentage increases in MPO over the shorter test adopted a more even pacing strategy. To prepare for 1500-m performance, greater emphasis should be placed on developing capacity for work in the severe domain and completing race simulations with a more even pacing strategy.
Convergence analysis of a numerical scheme for the porous medium equation by an energetic variational approach

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The porous medium equation (PME) is a typical nonlinear degenerate parabolic equation. We have studied numerical methods for PME by an energetic variational approach in [C. Duan et al, J. Comput. Phys., 385 (2019) 13-32], where the trajectory equation can be obtained and two numerical schemes have been developed based on different dissipative energy laws. It is also proved that the nonlinear scheme, based on $f \log f$ as the total energy form of the dissipative law, is uniquely solvable on an admissible convex set and preserves the corresponding discrete dissipation law. Moreover, under certain smoothness assumption, we have also obtained the second order convergence in space and the first order convergence in time for the scheme. In this paper, we provide a rigorous proof of the error estimate by a careful higher order asymptotic expansion and two step error estimates. The latter technique contains a rough estimate to control the highly nonlinear term in a discrete $W^{1,\infty}$ norm, and a refined estimate is applied to derive the optimal error order.
Effect of Nutritional Restrictions on Experimentally-Induced Erythroblastosis

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION LEUCOSIS, always a major disease problem in laying hens, has been more evident in recent years in commercial broilers (Dobbins, 1963; Fredrickson and Burmester, 1964). Visceral lymphomatosis is the most common form of this disease. Reproducing this disease under laboratory conditions requires the use of inbred lines of chickens and lengthy incubation periods making research tedious and expensive. In recent years it has become apparent that a single virus source can produce both visceral lymphomatosis and erythroblastosis (Walter <it>et al.,</it> 1963; Burmester <it>et al.,</it> 1959; Burmester and Fredrickson, 1962) as well as other manifestations of leucosis. The size, shape and structure of virus particles, as well as their location and distribution in the tumor cells of the spleen and liver of chickens with visceral lymphomatosis are similar to that found in chickens with erythroblastosis (Dmochowski <it>et al.,</it> 1959). In view of the close relationship between erythroblastosis and visceral lymphomatosis . . .
Expression of Forkhead box P3 isoforms in hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Meeting abstracts Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) is well known as a key regulator of immune homeostasis. The abnormal expression of FOXP3 can contribute to features of several cancers including metastasis and invasion, and it has also been associated with prognosis of some cancers. However, little
Influence of Tree Size and Application Rate on Expression of Thiamethoxam in Citrus and Its Efficacy Against Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Neonicotinoids are a key group of insecticides used to manage Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), in Florida citrus. Diaphorina citri is the vector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, the presumed causal agent of huanglongbing, a worldwide disease of citrus. A two-season field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of tree size and application rate on the expression of thiamethoxam in young citrus following application to the soil. D. citri adult and nymph abundance was also correlated with thiamethoxam titer in leaves. Tree size and application rate each significantly affected thiamethoxam titer in leaf tissue. The highest mean thiamethoxam titer observed (33.39 ppm) in small trees (mean canopy volume = 0.08 m3) occurred after application of the high rate (0.74 g Platinum 75SG per tree) tested. There was a negative correlation between both nymph and adult abundance with increasing thiamethoxam titer in leaves. A concentration of 64.63 ppm thiamethoxam was required to reach a 1% probability of encountering a flush shoot with at least one adult D. citri, while 19.05 ppm was required for the same probability of encountering nymphs. The LC90 for the field population was 7.62 ppm thiamethoxam when administered through ingestion. Exposure to dosages as low as 7.62 ppm would likely result in sublethal exposure of some proportion of the population, which could exacerbate resistance development. Based on our results, subsequent work should investigate the use of neonicotinoids by foliar rather than soil application to maintain the chemical class in future insecticide management programs in Florida citrus.
Design, Synthesis, In-Silico and Cytotoxic Studies of Indole Derivatives as Potent BCL-2 Inhibitors

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Indole-based compounds have emerged as a potentially game-changing category of molecules that specifically target Bcell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) protein, offering an innovative approach to the management of breast cancer. Breast cancer is a major public health concern globally, necessitating continued research into innovative therapeutic approaches. One such strategy involves inhibiting (BCL-2) protein, which is overexpressed in cancer cells and inhibits apoptosis. A series of indole derivatives (b1-b12) were synthesized using indium chloride as a catalyst in a solvent free conditions to investigate their potential to interfere with BCL-2 mediated survival pathways. Additionally, in silico modeling was employed to identify novel BCL-2 inhibitors and made structural alterations to enhance the selectivity and potency of indole compounds. The efficacy of indole derivatives was determined using an in vitro model that utilizes the MCF cell line. The findings obtained demonstrated that the compound b11 possessed a considerable amount of anticancer activity.