jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Seddon, Dell and Rock 'n' Roll: Investigating Alleged Breaches of the Ban on Publishing Photographs Taken within Courts or their Precincts, 1925-1967

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Reflects on alleged violations of the ban imposed by the Criminal Justice Act 1925 s.41 on publishing photographs taken within courts or their precincts. Reviews the position before 1925, the rationale for the provision and the Parliamentary debate over the definition of "precincts". Discusses the subsequent enforcement difficulties, with reference to incidents such as the 1967 prosecution of members of the Rolling Stones for drug offences, and notes the complexities created by advances in mobile telephone technology.
Animal Rights Zone Podcast Number 1

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The first podcast from Animal Rights Zone (ARZone), featuring Carolyn Bailey, Barbara DeGrande, Tim Gier, Jason Ward and Roger Yates. In this first show, the ARZone team present and discuss parts of their guest Q&A interview with animal rights philosopher, professor Tom Regan, author of The Case for Animal Rights, Defending Animal Rights, and Empty Cages: Facing the Challenge of Animal Rights.
Effects of long-term calisthenics on physical fitness and quality of life in order women

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Investigate the effects of long-term regular aerobic exercise to physical fitness and quality of life in older women. Methods: The volunteer subjects were selected between a hundred older people who were the members of a solidarity center. Fulfilling the international criteria for ‘exercising standards for the aged’, forty-five female volunteers with a mean age of 68.04±5.56 years (range, 60-80 years) participated to the study. After the cardiovascular and general health care evaluation, the older women were evaluated for exercise indication. An aerobic program of submaximal-level calisthenics was designed and the older women gathered at three times a week for exercising, 40-50 min a day for 4 months under a physiotherapist’s supervision. Before and after the 4-month exercise program, subjects underwent tests including a set of physical fitness and a quality of life assessment (short form-36). Results: Four month submaximal-level aerobic calisthenics led to a significant improvement (p
Critical mass condition of majority bureaucratic behavioral change in representative bureaucracy: a theoretical clarification and a nonparametric exploration

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Representative bureaucracy theory examines how bureaucrats’ demographics impact outcomes for clients with shared identities, with “critical mass” posited as an enabling condition. Yet empirical evidence is mixed regarding where this threshold stands. To reconcile these inconsistencies, this study emphasizes the need to first clarify the mechanisms that underpin critical mass requirements. Specifically, I attend to how majority behavior changes due to enhanced representation and evaluate corresponding critical mass condition. Nonparametric analyses of traffic stop data in two states find that, in Washington, the critical mass where White officers show reduced bias towards Black drivers occurs when Black officers constitute 6–9 percent of the force. In South Carolina, similar shifts occur at 9–11 and 19–23 percent Black representation. While findings indicate improved policing towards Black drivers, increased representation still falls short of achieving full parity between Black and White drivers. No significant critical mass is observed for Hispanic representation in either state.
Two undescribed Shrews from Mount Pangerango, Java

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The following middle-sized and small Shrews have been described from Java, viz.: Crocidura brunnea Jent. (without further indication of locality); Cr. orientalis Jent. and brevicauda Jent. (from Tjibodas near Sindanglaja) and Cr. monticola Peters (from Mount Lawoe near Soerakarta). I have to add two species: a small one based upon a specimen collected by Mr. Bartels at an altitude of 3000 feet on Mount Pangerango (GedÃ©) and a larger one based upon three individuals procured also by Mr. Bartels from the same locality. They were presented by Mr. Bartels to our Museum.
Evidence-Based BIODANZA Programmes for Children (TANZPRO-Biodanza) in Schools and Kindergartens

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Biodanza for children was developed in Chile by Cecilia Luzzi, from the model of the BIODANZA method, created by Rolando Toro. Stück and Villegas developed evidence-based and structured Biodanza programmes in conjunction with the Ministry of Health in Germany for children in schools and kindergartens. These programmes—TANZPRO-Biodanza—were introduced in twenty-two locations with around 500 children. Each ten-session programme included dance, movement, encounter, and non-verbal communication with music, aimed at two age groups of 4–6 years and 7–12 years. In this chapter, scientific results are shared about the effects of TANZPRO-Biodanza on cortisol, testosterone, Immunoglobulin A (IgA), change in heart frequency, hypersensitivity of the skin, implications for psychology, and autoregulation in children. The results indicate the potential of the programme to reduce stress and enhance social skills in children, providing a first insight into the effects of dance on the responses and modulation of neurohormones in children.
Absence and wastage in trained nurses: a selective review of the literature*

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This review is concerned widi two kinds of withdrawal from work in trained British nurses, absence and wastage, and, since these areas have not been widely or reliably researched in nursing, some reference is made to studies into the withdrawal behaviour of other, mainly industrial, workers. A descriptiorl of the incidence of absence and wastage is given and the problems of definition and measurement outlined. The factors associated with both forms of withdrawal are considered and, for clarity, these are grouped into three categories–person/personality, work context and external variables. Although the review of the factors, related to absence in nurses, suggests certain associations, firm generalizations cannot be made from the results and conclusions reported here. Comparisons between many of the studies are impossible because of inconsistent definitions and measurement techniques, unrepresentative sampling methods and different time periods employed. Furthermore, many authors have relied heavily on well‐informed, subjective impressions rather than objectively collected and analysed data. These studies have provided useful information for the individual organizations concerned and have raised interesting issues, but their contribution to understanding the phenomenon of absence is more limited. There is no doubt from the literature that absence, that is the frequency of absence spells, short‐term absence or uncertificated absence, is increasing for nurses as well as for other workers and is giving managers more cause for concern than longterm absence (more than 3 days duration) or certificated absence. It is more difficult, however, to reach a definite conclusion about the incidence of wastage in trained nurses, but the present trends suggest that mobility is not excessive and may even be too low. This could present as great a problem to nurse management as excessive wastage if it results in a degree of ‘in‐breeding’, ‘stagnation’ and ‘complacency’. The optimum level of mobility is presumably one which strikes a balance between innovation, fresh ideas, etc., and a necessary cohesive core of staff. That optimum level is likely to vary between units and organizations. Differing views on the nature of the relationship between absence and wastage are outlined and some suggestions for further research are made. It is outside the scope of this paper to discuss theories and models of ‘withdrawal’, but the reader is referred to several writings should he wish to pursue this.
Experimental methods to study the sound source localization by distance in humans

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The review presents current methods used for researches of the auditory distance perception. The monaural and binaural cues of stationary and moving sources localization are considered. The role of binaural hearing in estimating the distance to a sound source is discussed in detail. The involvement of localization cues in absolute and relative distance estimation is described. The advantages and limitations of different experimental practices for forming virtual sound images are discussed. The special section discusses approaches to the creation of moving sound images. The results of auditory distance estimations obtained by different methods for stationary and moving sound sources are summarized. The review includes the results of the authors' own studies and a description of promising experimental and applied approaches of this research field.
Synthesis and Study of Gadolinites

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Solid-solutions in a three component system of the type gadolinite (FesLn&apos;g*,Be,SLOrc)-calciogadolinite (F.eP*CaLn8*BeSLO,o)-(HIn&quot;*,Be^SLOro) are called gadolinites. The solid-solution series probably are partial. Mijssbauer spectra of Fe2*YzBe,Si&quot;Oo, synthesized at 72OC under total Pt&quot;o = 2 kbar and of Fe&apos;*CaYBeoSLO,o obtained by heating the gel at 1150&quot;C in air, confirm the existence of distorted octahedra about Fe&apos; * and Fe3 * that were inferred from interatomic distances cibtained by X-ray diffraction methods. The infrared spectrum of HrY,Be,Si,O., crystallized at 600&quot;C under total Pup: 2 kbar, shows strong OH absorption peaks at 3550 and 650 cm-&apos;. Using Na,W:Oz as a flux, we have grown small single crystals of various chemical iompositions by slow cooling of the solution from 1250&apos;C to 700&apos;C. Green crystals of CuPrrBe,Si,O,n, iso-structural with gadolinite, grew up to 3 mm in length. fntroduction Previous studies of gadolinites revealed two distinct subspecies. These are calciogadolinite-M3-CaLn3.Be2Si2O10 where M = Fe and Ga, and Ln = lanthanides and Y (Nakai, 1938; Ito, 1967)-and H2Ln3-2BezSizOro, an unnamed mineral described
University-Linked School-Based Mental Health Services Following a Natural Disaster

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Schools face various crisis situations that are associated with diverse negative consequences for child and adolescent well-being. The current chapter presents a multilevel approach developed by the Laboratory of School Psychology (LSP), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), to respond to school needs (nine preschool and elementary schools) following a wildfire in the region of Eastern Attica, in Greece. The model is based on the theoretical approaches of social justice principles, resilience, social and emotional learning as well as crisis preparedness and intervention. A systemic and continuous assessment of needs within the affected school communities allowed to tailor the services accordingly. Selective data are presented, indicating the benefits of multilevel interventions following a crisis. The inclusion of all members of the school community (children, teachers, parents) not only in the assessment and monitoring process but also in the provision of supportive services was key, in order to sufficiently understand and respond to children's needs. Specific attention was paid to ethical considerations, related to the process of acquiring informed consent and to the adoption of a trauma-sensitive approach that takes into consideration the possible impact of the crisis on all members of the school community, at every stage. Finally, the presented approach demonstrates the importance of interdisciplinary collaborations and strength-based approaches in the provision of services in early childhood education, following a natural disaster.
Non-invasive ultrasound-based imaging of atherosclerosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract. Early detection of vascular damage in atherosclerosis and accurate assessment of cardiovascular risk factors are the basis for appropriate treatment strategies in cardiovascular medicine. The current review focuses on non-invasive ultrasound-based methods for imaging of atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is an accepted early manifestation of atherosclerosis. The most widely used technique to study endothelial function is non-invasive, flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery under high-resolution ultrasound imaging. Although an increased intima-media thickness value is associated with future cardiovascular events in several large population studies, systematic use is not recommended in clinical practice for risk assessment of individual persons. Carotid plaque analysis with grey-scale median, 3-D ultrasound or contrast-enhanced ultrasound are promising techniques for further scientific work in prevention and therapy of generalized atherosclerosis.
Evaluating the Economic Impact of the PedAMINES App in Reducing Medication Errors in Pediatric Emergency Care: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (Preprint)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND

The administration of drugs in pediatric emergency care is a time-consuming process and is associated with a higher occurrence of medication errors compared with adult care. This is attributed to the intricacies of administration, which involve calculating doses based on the child’s weight or age. To mitigate the occurrence of adverse drug events (ADEs), the PedAMINES (Pediatric Accurate Medication in Emergency Situations; Geneva University Hospitals) mobile app has been developed. This app offers a step-by-step guide for preparing and administering pediatric drugs during emergency interventions by automating the dose calculation process. Although previous simulation-based randomized controlled trials conducted in emergency care have demonstrated the efficacy of the PedAMINES app in reducing drug administration errors, there is a lack of evidence regarding its economic implications.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of implementing the PedAMINES app for 4 emergency drugs: epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and midazolam.

METHODS

The economic evaluation was conducted by combining hospital data from 2019, previous trial outcomes, information extracted from existing literature, and PedAMINES maintenance costs. The cost per avoided medication error was calculated, along with the number of administrations needed to achieve a positive return on investment. Subsequently, Monte Carlo simulations were used to identify the key parameters contributing to result uncertainty.

RESULTS

The study revealed the number of preventable errors per administration for the 4 examined drugs: 0.513 for epinephrine, 0.484 for norepinephrine, 0.500 for dopamine, and 0.671 for midazolam. The cost-effectiveness ratios per ADE prevented were computed as follows: US $4808 for epinephrine, US $9705 for norepinephrine, US $6957 for dopamine, and US $2074 for midazolam. Accounting for the economic impact of ADEs, the analysis estimated that 16 administrations of epinephrine, 17 of norepinephrine and dopamine, and 13 of midazolam would be required to attain a positive return on investment. This corresponds to roughly one-third of the annual administrations at a major university hospital in Switzerland. The primary factors influencing the uncertainty in the estimated cost per ADE include the cost of maintenance of the app, the likelihood of an ADE resulting from an administration error, and the frequency of underdosing in the trial’s control group.

CONCLUSIONS

A dedicated mobile app presents an economically viable solution to alleviate the health and economic burden of drug administration errors in in-hospital pediatric emergency care. The widespread adoption of this app is advocated to pool costs and extend the benefits on a national scale in Switzerland.
Neutron production and neutron capture in a TPAGB model star of intermediate mass

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In the middle of the twentieth century, Paul W. Merrill (1952) detected the beta-unstable element technetium in the spectra of red supergiants known as S stars, which have long been recognized as being AGB stars. 99Tc is the longest lived isotope of technetium, and its half life of 211 000 yr is several orders of magnitude shorter than the lifetime of a core helium-burning precursor of an AGB star. When observed mass-loss rates are taken into account, the lifetime of a star in the AGB phase is roughly an order of magnitude larger than the half life of 99Tc. It is therefore incontrovertible that the 99Tc observed has been formed in AGB stars. On the other hand, given the temperatures and densities in AGB models, it is clear that an element of atomic charge as large as that of Tc cannot be a consequence of reactions between charged particles and it has become accepted that neutron capture must be involved.
Drug Resistance of Staphylococci

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT It was reported that resistance to tetracycline (TC) in some staphylococcal strains was lost irreversibly without loss of resistance to other drugs when cultured at high temperature, and that the determinant for TC resistance exists on a plasmid. According to the transductional analysis of TC resistance in Staphylococcus aureus E169 it was found that the genes which govern resistance to tetracycline and streptomycin are located close together on a single genetic element. When TC resistance in MS146, one of our stock cultures, was transduced to E169S which had lost TC resistance, TC resistance in transductants was found to be unstable at elevated temperatures. By contrast, TC resistance in transductants MS353 TC r , to which TC resistance was transduced from E169, was indicated to be stable even when cultured at high temperature. From these results, it is strongly suggested that instability of TC resistance in E169 is not accounted for by the genetic properties of the genes which govern TC resistance but those of host cell (E169) itself.
Results of cardiologic evaluation at our newborns intensive care unit

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Congenital heart disease (CHD) are the most common congenital anomaly in newborns. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the frequency and distribution of CHD among babies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of our center. Between June 2018 and February 2020, 109 babies were diagnosed with congenital heart disease among 1779 babies who were admitted to the NICU. The most frequent reasons of pediatric cardiology consultation were murmur and respiratory problems. Of newborns with CHD, 85.3%, have acyanotic and 11.1% have cyanotic CHD. The mean gestational age, postnatal age and the bodyweight of the cases were 33.4 weeks, 2.5 days and 1.58 kg, consecutively. 52.3% were male and 47.7% were female. The incidence of CHD in our center was 6.05%. The most common acyanotic CHDs were ventricular septal defect (24.8%), patent ductus arteriosus (23%) and atrial septal defect (16.6%). The most common cyanotic CHDs were Tetralogy of Fallot (3.7%) and transposition of the great arteries (1.8%). As a result, a significant portion of our patients were diagnosed acyanotic CHD. We think that the frequency of CHDs in our NICU will possibly change as the preferability of our center increases for pediatric cardiac surgery. Congenital heart diseases remain as common and important health problem in the neonatal period. Therefore, early cardiological evaluation is very important for management of these patients. The incidence of CHDs in the NICU is higher than in all live births.
DOMESTICATION OF GERMANY’S EUROPEAN POLICY AND GERMAN LEADERSHIP IN THE EU: THE CASES OF EUROZONE CRISIS AND REFUGEE CRISIS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Germany's European policy and German influence in the EU have been subject to hot discussions in academic and political circles.The German influence in the EU took a new turn in recent years with federal government's readiness to enhance its leadership status in the EU and to undertake unilateral actions, when the EU has entered an era of multiple crises in view of severe challenges including the Eurozone crisis and the more recent refugee crisis.This paper discusses Germany's actorness in regards to the management of the Eurozone crisis and refugee crisis on the basis of the gradually increasing "domestication" of its European policy.It reveals that Germany's European policy throughout the two most prominent crises the EU has been lately challenged with, namely the Eurozone crisis and refugee crisis, has been largely shaped by the preferences of the influential domestic actors, who took into account the negative externalities that were likely to arise from the introduction of policies that would impose significant costs on them.Germany's unilateral actions and leadership role in the management of these two crises (including the making of the EU-Turkey deal on the management of the refugee crisis) should be evaluated in light of the constraints imposed by domestic constituencies.
A ZVS Bidirectional Inverting Buck-Boost Converter Using Coupled Inductors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The bidirectional inverting buck-boost converter (BIBBC) has a simple structure and a wide voltage ratio. It can be used in the battery supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system (BSHESS) and the motor drive system. However, the traditional continuous conduction mode (CCM) BIBBC will have severe switching loss. The triangular current mode (TCM) BIBBC can reduce the switching loss, but it will increase core loss and filter capacitance. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a new zero voltage switching (ZVS) BIBBC using a coupled inductor. This ZVS BIBBC will provide ZVS conditions for both transistors whether in positive operation or negative operation. Meanwhile, this ZVS BIBBC has small core losses and filter capacitance, and can be used simply. Finally, experimental results obtained from these BIBBC experimental prototypes are presented to validate the soft-switching achieving and the efficiency improvement performance. Experimental results show that both transistors of the ZVS BIBBC achieve ZVS turn-on conditions. The efficiency of the ZVS BIBBC increased by up to 10 percent compared to the traditional CCM BIBBC at heave load, and by up to 1.5 percent compared to the TCM BIBBC at a light load.
The complete chloroplast genome of Myricaria laxiflora (Tamaricaceae): an endemic and endangered species from China

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Myricaria laxiflora (Tamaricaceae) is an endangered species distributed only along the river beach of Yangtze River. Here, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of M. laxiflora was assembled and characterized. The cp genome is in a total length of 154,971 bp with the typical quadripartite structure of angiosperms, containing 2 inverted repeats (IRs) of 26,004 bp separated by a large single-copy (LSC) region of 84,702 bp and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,261 bp. The whole cp genome of M. laxiflora contains 130 genes, including 85 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNAs genes, and 8 rRNAs. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete cp genomes within the Tamaricaceae family suggests that M. laxiflora is closer to M. paniculata.
Locality and universality in gravitational anomaly cancellation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We obtain necesary and sufficient conditions for gravitational anomaly cancellation. We show that perturbative gravitational anomalies can never be cancelled. In a similar way, in dimensions $n\neq3\operatorname{mod}4$ it is impossible to cancell global anomalies. However, in dimensions $n=3\operatorname{mod}4$ global anomalies can be cancelled. We prove that the unique way to cancel the anomaly is by using a Chern-Simons counterterm. Furthermore, the relationship between the problems of locality and universality is analyzed for gravitational anomalies.