jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Rethinking Inequality Decomposition, With Evidence from Rural China

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We examine inequality decompositions by income source and describe a general, regression-based approach for decomposing inequality. The approach provides an efficient and flexible way to quantify the roles of variables like education and age in a multivariate context. We illustrate the method using survey data from China. The empirical results demonstrate how sharply different conclusions can emerge for different decomposition rules. We explain how these differences reflect the treatment of equally-distributed sources of income, and we discuss implications for how results from inequality decomposition are interpreted. Copyright Royal Economic Society 2002
Electrolyte Imbalance after Operation for Pituitary Tumour

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Case Report A coloured houseboy aged 30, of simple, facile, cheerful, and deceitful character, came to hospital complaining of a vague respiratory illness.He had always been of small stature: height, 58+ in. (149cm.); span, 60j in. (154cm.); lower segment, 29 in. (74cm.); upper segment, 291 in.(75 cm.).His neck was markedly --:--_-; webbed (Fig. 2).There was no cubitus valgus.His muscles were ..........very
Shadowed Sets Based Threshold Selection in Rough Clustering

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Rough set-based clustering has been applied widely in soft clustering since proposed,but the threshhold is oft-en given subjectively,fails to consider the characteristics of the data set itself.This study based on shadowed sets optimization theory gave an objective thereshold selection method,and applied it to rough fuzzy C-Means clustering algorithm.Artificial data and UCI data experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Sex differences in sick role behavior during hospitalization after open heart surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The proposition examined here is that there are sex differences in the enactment of the sick role. Specifically, in comparing the recovery of 50 male and 50 female patients following open heart surgery, it was hypothesized that male patients would (a) be transferred from the cardiac recovery room earlier, (b) be discharged from the hospital earlier, (c) achieve independence in self‐care and in ambulation earlier, and (d) receive fewer pain medications and tranquilizers. Support was found only for the hypotheses of earlier hospital discharge and earlier self‐care. The patient's physical condition—indicated by type of surgery, time in operating room, time on bypass, and units of blood—was related to time in recovery room and length of postoperative hospitalization. Of the variables examined, age emerged as the most powerful predictor of medication dosage, with older patients receiving significantly fewer analgesics and tranquilizers. The following conclusions were reached: (a) the salience of sex role expectations for sick role behavior varies with the particular measure considered and (b) the overall significance of sex role expectations in determining sick role behavior was slight for this sample of seriously ill patients.
Emotions from text

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In addition to information, text contains attitudinal, and more specifically, emotional content. This paper explores the text-based emotion prediction problem empirically, using supervised machine learning with the SNoW learning architecture. The goal is to classify the emotional affinity of sentences in the narrative domain of children's fairy tales, for subsequent usage in appropriate expressive rendering of text-to-speech synthesis. Initial experiments on a preliminary data set of 22 fairy tales show encouraging results over a naïve baseline and BOW approach for classification of emotional versus non-emotional contents, with some dependency on parameter tuning. We also discuss results for a tripartite model which covers emotional valence, as well as feature set alternations. In addition, we present plans for a more cognitively sound sequential model, taking into consideration a larger set of basic emotions.
Prevalence of compulsion in migraine patients and its association with analgesic abuse

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

IntroductionMigraine, is one of the most prevalent types of headaches, affects around 15% of people worldwide, more common among women, and causes a great effect in the quality of life of the individual. The diagnosis criteria of this disease is due to its duration and other characteristics such as phonophobia, photophobia, unilateral, pulsatile and intense crisis, nausea and vomiting, which can be preceded by aura and premonitory symptoms. With the purpose to ease those symptoms, the patients have a drug overuse. The medication-overuse headache (MOH) is an emerging problem, due to the possibility of developing psychiatric disorders like obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and impulsivity. Impulsivity consists in actions where the individual does not reflect upon it and make decisions fast, without planning or analyzing the case in the long term. Compulsion is defined as repetitive actions with the intention to ease anxiety or an uncomfortable situation. ObjectiveDetermine a prevalence of OCD in migraine patients, evaluating different scopes of it, including the association or not with drug abuse. MethodsA cross-sectional study with 117 patients of both sexes, older than 18 years old. The group was made with migraine patients diagnosed by a neurologist according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) separated in two groups, one that has analgesics abuse and other that do not have. Three questionnaires were used: Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11); Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) and the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS). The data collected was placed in an electronic worksheet and processed in Software SPSS Statistics 22.0. There was an assumption of a p value of 0,05 to all cases with the intention to reject the null hypothesis. (To see the complete abstract, please, check out the PDF).
Schooling dynamics of Northeast Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) in the Norwegian Sea using multibeam sonar

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Pelagic fish in the Norwegian Sea perform seasonal migrations from overwintering, via spawning, to feeding grounds. Northeast Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) are highly migratory, fast-swimming, and an obligate schooling fish. Mackerel schooling dynamics in nature is unknown because they lack a swimbladder, resulting in a weak acoustic signature, and therefore are difficult to detect in the summer when in loose schools. However, high frequency omnidirectional SONAR is capable of detecting mackerel in the acoustic echosounder blind zone close to the surface. Mackerel schooling dynamics were studied in relation to temperature, zooplankton abundance and density of conspecifics in four geographically separate regions of the Norwegian Sea during summer. The thermocline depth had a profound influence on the depth distribution of schools. Mackerel were found shallower than 40 m depth where the temperature was at least 6° C. The fish generally swam north except for in the SW region, coinciding well with prevailing current directions. Fish were significantly larger in the north than in the south, and plankton abundance was higher in the west than in the east. The observed school dynamics in relation to abiotic and biotic factors were explained in terms of mackerel ecology during the summer feeding migration.
Stable Iso‐osmabenzenes from a Formal [3+3] Cycloaddition Reaction of Metal Vinylidene with Alkynols

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Magisches Osmium: Die beispiellose formale [3+3]-Cycloaddition von 1 mit Alkinolen bei Raumtemperatur ergibt Isoosmabenzole (siehe Schema), denen ihre 18e−-Konfiguration und ein Phosphonium-Substituent an Cβ eine hohe thermische Beständigkeit verleihen. Die Isoosmabenzole isomerisieren über metallierte Cyclopentadien-Zwischenstufen in η5-Cyclopentadienyl-Komplexe. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A study on incidence of various allergens involved in allergic contact dermatitis by patch testing among 150 patients in a tertiary care hospital in South India

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Allergic contact dermatitis is common dermatoses seen among patients attending dermatology clinics. Allergic contact dermatitis is due to delayed type of hypersensitivity reaction. The diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis is made by patch testing. A positive reaction to a patch test commonly proves the cause of dermatitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective study was conducted<strong> </strong>to estimate the incidence of various allergens among 150 patch test positive patients with allergic contact dermatitis who had attended the dermatology OPD in Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, between October 2014 and September 2016. All the details regarding history, examination findings, investigations and patch test results were collected from case records, the data were tabulated and analysed.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Allergic contact dermatitis to cement was the commonest (44.7%), followed by nickel (10%) and plant antigens (9.3%). The commonest allergen to be tested positive was Potassium dichromate (82 cases), followed nickel (15 cases) and formaldehyde (8 cases). Most of the patients were in the age category between 41 and 50 years (47 cases– 31.33%). Male to female ratio was 2.41:1. 14 were atopic individuals (9.33%) by Hanifin and Rajka's criteria. Allergic contact dermatitis in 103 cases of our study were of occupational in origin (67%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Avoidance of allergen and proper preventive measures in workplace and day to day activities will lead to significant decrease in the morbidity of the disease and improvement in quality of life in patients with allergic contact dermatitis. </p>
Retooling the user support staff of the computer center towards a micro information center facility

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Article Free Access Share on Retooling the user support staff of the computer center towards a micro information center facility Authors: Bruce L. Rose Office of Systems and Computer Services, Cuyahoga Community College, 2900 Community College Drive, Clevelend, Ohio Office of Systems and Computer Services, Cuyahoga Community College, 2900 Community College Drive, Clevelend, OhioView Profile , Claire K. Rossbach Office of Systems and Computer Services, Cuyahoga Community College, 2900 Community College Drive, Clevelend, Ohio Office of Systems and Computer Services, Cuyahoga Community College, 2900 Community College Drive, Clevelend, OhioView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGUCCS '84: Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference on User servicesNovember 1984 Pages 67–72https://doi.org/10.1145/800019.800578Online:11 November 1984Publication History 0citation103DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads103Last 12 Months0Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Step Coverage, Uniformity and Composition Studies Using Integrated Vapour Transport and Film-Deposition Models

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A Monte Carlo sputter flux transport model has been developed for efficient generation of angular, energy, and thickness uniformity distributions for application to integrated circuit metallization films. The model allows for arbitrary target erosion profiles and emission angular distributions and uses an energy-dependent gas-scattering model. Verification of the model using aluminum and copper pinhole images has been obtained. The resulting sputter distribution information can be input into a topography-level film-deposition model to provide step coverage and microstructure depictions. The combination of these two models has been used to examine metallization issues such as film thickness uniformity, step coverage, compositional variations in alloy films, and magnetron source design.
O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E Isoproterenol-stimulated melatonin production by perifused rat pineal glands: Age- and time-related effects

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of the β-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol, on induced increase in melatonin production in the pineal gland of young and old rats, at different circadian stages. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We report here the effects of 10–6 M isoproterenol-stimulated melatonin production by perifused pineal glands obtained from young (55 day old) and old (21 month old) male Wistar rats acclimatised to light: dark cycles regimen of 12:12 for 3 weeks. Pineal glands were collected at different circadian stages: 3, 7, 11, 15, 19 and 23 hours after light onset (HALO), and perifused for 510 min. RESULTS: The basal levels of melatonin production in the young rats were approximately twice greater than those of the old rats. Isoproterenol stimulated melatonin production in both young and old rat pineal glands, whatever the circadian stage. The intensity of the response to 10–6 M isoproterenol infusion was greater in young than in old rat pineal glands (P 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results show that isoproterenol is able to stimulate both young and old rat pineal glands whatever the circadian stage. The magnitude of isoproterenol stimulation is greater in young than in old glands. Our results also suggest that the pineal gland response to isoproterenol is not dependent on circadian stage, at least, under our experimental conditions.
Low‐Temperature Solution‐Processed Molybdenum Oxide Nanoparticle Hole Transport Layers for Organic Photovoltaic Devices

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

High performance hole transport layers are realized using room temperature solution processing of microwave-synthesized MoOx nanoparticles. Composition of solution-deposited MoOx nanoparticle films can be increased from 10% to 70% MoO3 using air exposure (days) and reaction with H2O2 (minutes). The increased MoO3 content correlates well with improved solar cell performanceto the level of evaporated MoO3 and PEDOT:PSS, with good air stability.
Political Petrolism and Contemporary Arab Politics, 1967–1983

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

AbstractWhat do main patterns of cooperation and conflict among Arabs in the last 20 years tell about the future of their regional system? For instance, did the accumulation of petro-dollars and the rise of petro-politics bring us nearer to, or further from, the declared goal of Arab unity? Serious observers offer divergent theories. But no simple answer is possible because the Arab regional system is itself in a state of flux. This transition is characterized by a) a change in poles of leadership (from Nasserist Egypt as a base to petro-politics), and b) rules of behavior are fluid, alliances often shift and even defection is permissible (e.g. if Egypt has established “peace” with Israel, why not Jordan or Lebanon?). The result is that external factors are increasingly dominant (e.g. Pax Americana), and the Arab world is going through an agonizing self-examination (e.g. the accelerated and violent search for identity through Islamic fundamentalism, the pain of “reconciling itself” to the continuation of an Israeli state). It is deemed that the political economy analysis applied in this paper helps to go beyond the fog of the state of transition and explore patterns of future evolution.
The Power of the Past: Nostalgia and Popular Discontent in Contemporary China

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

How do workers view the Maoist past? What effects do their views have on the frequency and forms of their collective mobilization? These questions are not as simple as they appear. They have beguiled the field for some time, as scholars disagree over whether or not workers are nostalgic for some perceived better era of the past, and what importance this may or may not have.1 Before answering these questions, it is worthwhile first to trace what definitions of nostalgia have been offered in the study of Chinese politics generally and the study of workers in particular. In fact, it is clear that there are multiple widely felt subtypes of nostalgia in contemporary China.KeywordsCollective ActionSocial MovementComparative International DevelopmentRelative DeprivationCollective MemoryThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Effects of methionine supplementation on cysteine and glutathione production in malnourished infants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A shortage of cysteine (CYS) is associated with low glutathione (GSH) synthesis in edematous childhood severe acute malnutrition (SAM). We investigated the effect of isonitrogenous (0.6 mmol/kg/d) supplementation of CYS precursor, methionine, (MET, n = 6) versus alanine (ALA, n = 6) as control on endogenous CYS production and erythrocyte GSH synthesis in edematous SAM. Measurements were made in children aged 8.8 ± 2.6 months 3 times during early treatment for SAM with infection using constant, intravenous infusions of stable isotopes of MET at ~ 2d (Stage 1),~7d, (Stage 2), and ~14 d(Stage 3) after admission. Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 ALA MET ALA MET ALA MET GSH ASR (mmol/l/d) CYS Kinetics (μmol/kg/h) 0.3 ± 0.1 0.2 ± 0.04 0.6 ± 0.08 0.6 ± 0.2 0.9 ± 0.6 0.9 ± 0.1 Dietary inflow 6.9 ± 0.2 7.3 ± 0.2 6.3 ± 0.02 6.4 ± 0.02 6.4 ± 0.02 6.3 ± 0.04 Total flux 41.3 ± 5.8 41.1 ± 7.9 44.95 ± 3.9 54.6 ± 4.6 49.7 ± 3.5 50.7 ± 3.6 Denovo Synthesis 11.8 ± 2.5 12.5 ± 2.1 10.0 ± 0.9 8.6 ± 1.4 8.5 ± 1.1 8.4 ± 1.6 Protein derived flux 21.1 ± 3.5 19.8 ± 6.8 27.1 ± 3.1 38.15 ± 4.2 33.4 ± 2.5 34.5 ± 2.5 Mean ± SEM. ASR absolute synthesis rate; different from stages 2 and 3 in MET group, (p < 0.05) MET supplementation stimulated CYS supply from protein breakdown but did not significantly increase GSH synthesis. The increase in CYS supply might have contributed to CYS rich proteins associated with infection such as acute phase proteins. Supported by NIH grant # 2RO1DK056689
Garnet peridotites from Williams kimberlites, north-central Montana, U.S.A

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Two Williams kimberlites, 250x350m and 37x390m, in the eastern part of a swarm of 30 middle Eocene alnoitic diatremes in north-central Montana, USA, contain xenoliths of garnet-bearing lherzolites, harzburgites and dunites, in addition to spinel peridotites and upper and lower crustal amphibolites and granulites. Colluvial purple, red, and pink garnets are dominantly Mg- and Cr-rich, indicating their derivation From peridotites or megacrysts, and have CaO and Cr2O3 contents that fall in the lherzolite trend. Temperatures were calculated by the Lindsley-Dixon 20 kb method for lherzolites and by the O'Neill-Wood method for harzburgites and dunites, and pressures were calculated by the MacGregor method, or were assumed to be 50 kb for dunites. Most peridotites equilibrated at 1220-1350?C and 50-60 kb, well above a 44mW/m2 shield geotherm and on or at higher P than the graphite-diamond boundary. Four lherzolites are low T-P (830-990?C, 23-42 kb) and are close to the shield geotherm. All four low T-P lherzolites have coarse textures whereas the high T-P cluster has both coarse and porphyroclastic textures, indicating a range of conditions of deformation and recrystallization in a restricted high T-P range. The tiny size (0.01-0.2 mm) of granulated and euhedral olivines in several xenoliths shows that deformation was occurring just prior to incorporation in kimberlite and that ascent was rapid enough (40-70 km/hr) to retard Further coarsening of fine-grained olivine. For other high T-P peridotites, cessation of deformation and beginning of recrystallization before or during inclusion in kimberlite is suggested by larger (up to 3mm) euhedral olivines in a matrix of fine granulated olivine or by optical continuity of large and nearby small olivines. Two low T-P lherzolites contain distinctive, phlogopite-rimmed, 5-8mm clots of moderate-Cr garnet + Cr-spinel + Cr-diopside + enstatite that are inferred to have formed by reaction of an initial high-Cr garnet brought into the garnet + spinel stability Field. This suggests a reduction in pressure and temperature prior to inclusion in the kimberlite, followed by metasomatic introduction of phlogopite. These textural and compositional variations of peridotites seem most compatible with kimberlite generation and ascent during dynamic diapiric perturbation of the upper mantle.
Unsupervised adaptation of student DNNS learned from teacher RNNS for improved ASR performance

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In automatic speech recognition (ASR), adaptation techniques are used to minimize the mismatch between training and testing conditions. Many successful techniques have been proposed for deep neural network (DNN) acoustic model (AM) adaptation. Recently, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have outperformed DNNs in ASR tasks. However, the adaptation of RNN AMs is challenging and in some cases when combined with adaptation, DNN AMs outperform adapted RNN AMs. In this paper, we combine student-teacher training and unsupervised adaptation to improve ASR performance. First, RNNs are used as teachers to train student DNNs. Then, these student DNNs are adapted in an unsupervised fashion. Experimental results on the AMI IHM and AMI SDM tasks show that student DNNs are adaptable with significant performance improvements for both frame-wise and sequentially trained systems. We also show that the combination of adapted DNNs with teacher RNNs can further improve the performance.
Dynamic performance limitations forMRAS based sensorlessinduction motor drives. Part 1: Stability analysis for the closed loop drive

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper deals with a speed sensorless direct rotor flux orientated vector controlled induction motor drive in which the speed and rotor flux angle are derived from a closed loop MRAS estimator. A small signal stability analysis is carried out on the combined estimator–controller, and allows for the stability effects of incorrect estimator parameters to be studied. The small signal stability analysis is sufficient to show that incorrect parameters give rise to oscillatory drive behaviour that worsens, even to the point of instability, as the closed loop speed bandwidth of the drive is increased. Experimental results are given to validate the analysis. It is concluded that speed and load torque rejection bandwidths comparable to sensored vector controllers cannot be obtained without online parameter tuning. A companion paper addresses this problem and experimentally verifies the transient oscillatory phenomena.