jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Antibiotic activity of some fungi].

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Biological activity of pure extracts of cultural filtrates of Aspergillus niveus 2411, Myrothecium cinctum 910, Ulocladium consortiale 960, Penicillium sp. 10-51 concerning wide spectrum of test-organisms was investigated. It was shown that the extracts had high levels of antibacterial activity against Gram-positive microorganisms, especially against Bacillus genus. But their activity against Gram-negative bacteria was a bit lower. On the other hand, metabolites of M. cinctum 910 and Penicillium sp. 10-51 did show the activity concerning phytopathogenic bacteria. Extracts of fungi showed fungistatic activity against yeasts, but they were not so active concerning fungal test-cultures. Extracts of A. niveus 2411, Penicillium sp. 10-51 suppressed the growth of Phoma betae. The highest level of fungistatic activity was shown by metabolites of M. cinctum 910. They showed activity against Aspergillus genus strains and phytopathogenic isolates of Fusarium lactis, Rhizoctonia solani and Botrytis cinerea.
Generating Driving Scenarios from Real World Video Records

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays’ a single day without use of transportation is unimaginable. No matter how small\nor big the distance is, we tends to use transport to travel from each place to another. There is a\nlot of medium available for traveling from one place to another. Among this mediums,\ntraveling by roadway vehicles seems to be generally used. In recent times, many research has\nbeen done to create awareness for the driver and facilitate building assistance technologies.\nThese assistance technologies help drivers not only to maintain but increase safe driving while\nnot to interfere or giving too much information. These days many new technologies were\nimplmented to create awareness for the driver. Before implementing a new technology into a\nvehicle, vehicle simulator can be used for driving assessment. In vehicle simulator, test\nscenarios are created for experimentation and to see how the test subject reacts on new\nsurroundings. It is easy to execute the scenario in vehicle simulator and observe the human\nbehavour rightaway and create the same environment over and over again.<br><br>\nIn this thesis, I have watched and analysed naturalistic drive records and afterwards convert\nthose videos into vehicle simulator scenarios. There are a lot of naturalistic drive records from\ndifferent projects performed earlier in SAFER. These video recordings were taken from\ndifferent type of roads. These video records can help us to understand better, how the driving\nvehicle would interact with other road users. Video records from FOT project and from China\nwas analysed in this thesis. For analyzing the videos I have several meetings with my\nprofessor, supervisor and colleague from SEMCON and the results were put into a excel file.\nAfter analyzing, sorting and extracting the most significant video clips, I have designed\nstoryboards based on that. Those story boards were used to develop scenarios in car simulator\nat the interaction design lab. These scenarios will be used for further future HMI studies and\nto test the design see if it can help the driver to avoid different kind of dangerous moments\nhappening on the road. After designing the scenarios in vehicle simulator (STISIM), the\nresults were taken out in log file and in realtime to use it another EFESOS projects.
Safety of the electroconvulsive therapy and amisulpride combination

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Electroconvulsive therapy is frequently considered when pharmacotherapy is ineffective. In such cases the combination of the two treatment modalities are commonly used. Amisulpiride, a second generation antipsychotic drug is used in the treatment of schizophrenia and psychotic depression. When amisulpiride is ineffective as a monotherapy, combination with ECT could be an option to enhance its efficacy. To the best of our knowledge, to date there have been no data about the safety of this combination. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Medical notes of all patients who were given ECT while on amisulpiride were selected from the archives of the Department of Psychiatry, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, covering a 10-year period. A randomly selected matched control group was formed from patients who underwent ECT but were not taking amisulpiride. Patients in both groups also received a variety of psychotropic drugs other than amisulpide. Side effects were compared between the two groups of patients. RESULTS: Twenty patients received amisulpride with ECT. The most common side effects were headache, hypertension, tachycardia, nausea, dizziness, confusion, psychomotor agitation, sialorrhea, and prolonged seizure activity. All adverse effects resolved within 24 hours. No side effects of any kind were observed in 7 and 8 cases in the study and control groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This was the first study that examined the safety of amisulpride-ECT combination in schizophrenia. Comparing the side-effects between the study and control groups, no significant differences were detected in terms of their types or frequency. The amisulpiride-ECT combination appears to be a safe treatment option.
Trait anxiety and its consequences in patients with myasthenia gravis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Kozyra B, Opio M. Trait anxiety and its consequences in patients with myasthenia gravis. Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia/Neuropsychiatry and Neuropsychology. 2021;16(3):168-175. doi:10.5114/nan.2021.113318. APA Kozyra, B., & Opio, M. (2021). Trait anxiety and its consequences in patients with myasthenia gravis. Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia/Neuropsychiatry and Neuropsychology, 16(3), 168-175. https://doi.org/10.5114/nan.2021.113318 Chicago Kozyra, Beata, and Małgorzata Opio. 2021. "Trait anxiety and its consequences in patients with myasthenia gravis". Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia/Neuropsychiatry and Neuropsychology 16 (3): 168-175. doi:10.5114/nan.2021.113318. Harvard Kozyra, B., and Opio, M. (2021). Trait anxiety and its consequences in patients with myasthenia gravis. Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia/Neuropsychiatry and Neuropsychology, 16(3), pp.168-175. https://doi.org/10.5114/nan.2021.113318 MLA Kozyra, Beata et al. "Trait anxiety and its consequences in patients with myasthenia gravis." Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia/Neuropsychiatry and Neuropsychology, vol. 16, no. 3, 2021, pp. 168-175. doi:10.5114/nan.2021.113318. Vancouver Kozyra B, Opio M. Trait anxiety and its consequences in patients with myasthenia gravis. Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia/Neuropsychiatry and Neuropsychology. 2021;16(3):168-175. doi:10.5114/nan.2021.113318.
Identification of Speed and Unique Letter of Handwriting Using Wavelet and Neural Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Handwriting stroke reflects the personality and emotional condition. Graphology is scientific method to evaluation personality through handwriting. There are many features in graphology to identify personality. Several previous researches used page margins, spacing, baseline, vertical zone, font size, and the type of unique letter t. Other research also identify the personality of signatures. This research uses feature writing speed and the type of letters a, d, i m, and t to identify personalities using structural analysis and artificial neural networks. To improve accuracy, image writing extracted using wavelet transform. The system is built with the approach of the structure and symbol has been implemented in software. The results show a unique type of letter recognition by 74%, and the speed feature by 60% recognition. Variations training data greatly affect recognition results.
Genetically Adjusting of PID Controllers Coefficients for Wind Energy Conversion System with doubly fed induction Generator

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Nonlinear characteristics of wind speed and generator model in wind energy conversion systems required an optimal controller for optimal performance and high efficiency of the system. So a controller must be designed for this purpose. Here, the PID controller is used which its coefficients are optimized based on genetic algorithms. In order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulated as an optimization problem including objective function and constraints and then to achieve the most desirable controller, GA method is used to solve the problem. Simulation results per wind changes in time domain is performed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. Simulations show accuracy of the proposed controller performance to achieve this goal.
Plasma assisted evaporation of palladium

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We studied the deposition of palladium on silicon using a high-frequency argon plasma. It is shown that the argon ions are focused and sputtered a biased helicoidal palladium wire. An auxiliary continuous discharge enhancing palladium evaporation rate is obtained for a pressure and bias voltage above 50 m Torr and -200 V respectively, as revealed by optical emission spectroscopy. The growth rate is between 0.5 and 20 Å as deduced from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Scanning tunnelling microscopy studies reveal that growth proceeds through nucleation.
THE GIANT CACTUS OF ARIZONA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article THE GIANT CACTUS OF ARIZONA: The Use of Its Fruit and Other Cactus Fruits by the Indians Get access FRANK A. THACKERY, FRANK A. THACKERY Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. R. LEDING A. R. LEDING Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 20, Issue 9, September 1929, Pages 401–414, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a103236 Published: 01 September 1929
The d16HER2 Splice Variant: A Friend or Foe of HER2-Positive Cancers?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2 or HER2) amplification/overexpression is associated with a particularly aggressive molecular subtype of breast cancer (BC), characterized by a poor prognosis, increased metastatic potential, and disease recurrence. As only approximately 50% of HER2-positive patients respond to HER2-targeted therapies, greater knowledge of the biology of HER2 and the mechanisms that underlie drug susceptibility is needed to improve cure rates. Evidence suggests that the coexistence of full-length, wild-type HER2 (wtHER2) and altered forms of HER2—such as carboxy-terminus-truncated fragments, activating mutations, and splice variants—significantly increases the heterogeneity of HER2-positive disease, affecting its biology, clinical course, and treatment response. In particular, expression of the d16HER2 splice variant in human HER2-positive BC has a crucial pathobiological function, wherein the absence of sixteen amino acids from the extracellular domain induces the formation of stable and constitutively active HER2 homodimers on the tumor cell surface. Notably, the d16HER2 variant significantly influences the initiation and aggressiveness of tumors, cancer stem cell properties, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the susceptibility of HER2-positive BC cells to trastuzumab compared with its wtHER2 counterpart, thus constituting a novel and potentially clinically useful biomarker. The aims of this review are to summarize the existing evidence regarding the pathobiological functions of the d16HER2 variant and discuss its current and future value with regard to risk assessment and treatment choices in HER2-positive disease.
Investigation of the Presence of Discoid Meniscus and Its Effect on Anatomic Structures in the Knee Joint by Magnetic Resonance Images, A Retrospective Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: We aimed to investigate the effect of the presence ofdiscoid meniscus (DM) on the anatomical structures of theknee joint.Material and Method: The knee magnetic resonance (MR)images of 144 (97 female, 47 male) individuals with DM and159 (94 female, 65 male) individuals with normal meniscuswere evaluated.Results: DM was mostly seen on the left side (n=64). This wasfollowed in decreasing order by right side and bilateral. Theincidence of DM was higher in individuals aged 36 years andolder than in 18 years and younger (p=0.003). Incomplete typeDM was seen most frequently in both genders. Meniscopathywas most common (n=21) in the medial meniscus of peoplewith DM. And also in individuals with normal meniscus,meniscopathy was also most common (n=31) medially.When the effected ligaments were examined, tearing anddegeneration were most common (n=21) in the anteriorcruciate ligament (ACL) in individuals with DM. On the otherhand in the presence of DM, chondropathy (n=42) on adjacentjoint surfaces was reported. It was determined that ligamentdamage was mostly (n=43) in ACL in normal menisci. Inaddition, the presence of chondropathy was observed on thebone surfaces adjacent to the joint (n=64) in normal menisci.Conclusion: All DM cases were in the lateral meniscus. This wasmostly accompanied by meniscopathy and ACL injury.
Analysing the Effect of Authentic Learning Activities on Achievement in Social Studies and Attitudes towards Geographic Information System (GIS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research aimed to examine the effect of authentic learning activities on achievement in social studies and attitudes towards Geographic Information System (GIS). To this end, it used an explanatory mixed method design where both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. The quantitative data were collected using an academic achievement test and the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Attitude Scale developed by Baloğlu Uğurlu and the qualitative data were collected using a semi-structured interview form. The research was carried out in two fifth-grade sections in a middle school in Kırşehir located in central Turkey during the fall semester of the 2019-2020 academic year. The study group consisted of 60 students, the half of whom were in the control group and the other half were in the experimental group. The experimental group was taught using authentic learning activities, while the control group was taught using textbook activities prepared in accordance with the social studies curriculum. According to the results of the analysis of the quantitative data, there was a significant difference in the test scores in favor of the experimental group and there was a significant positive difference between the experimental group’s mean pretest and posttest scores in the GIS Attitude Scale. The results of the analysis of the qualitative data showed that the students did not get bored with the social studies course, they were more active during the classes and attended the course thanks to the activities they did in the classroom, and they could see the landforms they had not had the chance to see before and learned better thanks to the GIS software. The research explores, for the first time, the effect of authentic learning on GIS attitude.
Effects of Root Zone Aeration on Soil Microbes Species in a Peach Tree Rhizosphere and Root Growth

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The oxygen content in the root zone considerably affects the growth and development of peach trees. However, few studies have been conducted on the effects of the oxygen content in the root zones of peach trees on soil microbes and root growth. Four-year-old Ruiguang 33/Prunus persica (L.) Batsch trees were used to study the effects of root-zone aeration on soil microbes in a peach orchard, as well as on the soil nutrient contents, peach tree root systems, and plant potassium-to-nitrogen ratios. The results showed that the root-zone aeration substantially increased the soil oxygen content in the root zone and changed the soil microbial community structure. Compared with the control, the relative abundances of soil nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (Beta proteobacteria and Bradyrhizobium elkanii) and potassium-solubilizing microorganisms (Bacillus circulans) under the root-zone aeration conditions were greatly enhanced. Root-zone aeration increased the soil’s alkaline nitrogen content, available potassium content, and organic matter content, as well as the number and thickness of new white roots of peach trees, and root activity was increased significantly. At the same time, root-zone aeration changed the relative contents of total potassium and total nitrogen in the plants and considerably increased the potassium–nitrogen ratio in the shoots. The results indicate that aeration in the root zone can change the soil microbial community structure, increase the abundances of nitrogen-fixing and potassium-solubilizing microorganisms, and increase the plant potassium-to-nitrogen ratio, which are conducive to peach fruit quality.
A method for self-assessment of disability before and after hip replacement operations.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A standardised form was developed to review the daily problems suffered by patients with arthritis of the hip and provide clinicians with information for planning treatment and in judging subsequent progress. The reports made by various patients in a preliminary study provided 81 statements on pain, restricted movements, and restricted activities that were then tested to identify the most reliable. The responses of 32 patients waiting for hip replacements and 66 patients who had undergone operation were compared with independent assessments of pain and physical limitations. The 33 statements eventually selected were chosen mainly on the basis of their sensitivity to differences between preoperative and postoperative patients and their correlation with the independent assessments. The final questionnaire provides a valid and concise summary of a patient's disabilities and is simple enough for the patient to complete while waiting to see the doctor.
[Sodium ion transportation system and its possible mechanisms in bacteria].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Sodium ion with high concentration is toxic to living cells, and microorganisms adapt to the environment containing high concentration of salt by the strategies of salt-in-cytoplasm and compatible solutes. The Na+ extrusion system plays important roles in maintaining cytoplasmic Na+ homeostasis and pH level in microbial cells. Two possible mechanisms of Na+ circulation across the cytoplasmic membrane have been proposed, namely primary Na+ pump and secondary Na+/H+ antiporter. Primary sodium pumps coupled the extrusion of Na+ to respiration, and the activity of which was insensitive to uncoupler CCCP ( carbonyl-cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone). There were two types of secondary Na+/H+ antiporters-encoding genes designated single gene and multiple subunits, respectively. The types of transportation systems for Na+, possible mechanisms of Na+ extrusion, and projects for further study in bacteria are reviewed.
Novel Homozygous Mutation in the AGPAT2 Gene in a Child With Berardinelli-Seip Congenital Lipodystrophy Syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL) is an autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by the generalized absence of subcutaneous fat and muscular hypertrophy. Meanwhile other signs and symptoms have already been reported with this genetic disorder. Herein, we report an infant with BSCL, who was referred to our center because of acromegaloid and muscular appearance from the age of three months. He had dark skin, hypertrichosis prominent subcutaneous vessels and organomegaly in physical examination. Genetic study showed novel homozygous mutations in the AGPAT2 gene, which confirmed diagnosis of BSCL in this patient. Although clinical suspicious could help us to make diagnosis of congenital disorders, definite diagnosis relies on genetic studies.
Heart Rate Variability Changes in Association with ST Segment Depression During Cesarean Section Under Regional Anesthesia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 (Hogue) Division of Cardiology, The Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 (Stein)
Particle Swarm trade-off curve analysis for bi-objective optimization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In engineering design optimization, derivatives are computationally expensive and/or unreliable, therefore evolutionary optimization techniques are preferred, such as Particle Swarm Optimization. Particle Swarm Optimization is still young in development and is being expanded to many different areas such as equality constrained optimization problems and multi-objective optimization. This paper proposes a new algorithm to determine a Pareto Front with a single two case equation. The new algorithm combines Domination Theory from Multi-Objective Optimization with Swarm Theory to determine a well represented Pareto Front by performing a single optimization simulation.
Diffusion in polymer‐solvent systems

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Recent advances in the area of molecular diffusion in polymer‐solvent systems will be reviewed. Alfrey's classification scheme for the diffusion of solvent molecules in polymers will be used as a starting point. It will be shown that the various regions on Alfrey's diagram are distinguished by the ratio of two characteristic times, a characteristic relaxation time for the polymer‐solvent system and a characteristic diffusion time. Fickian diffusion is realized when this characteristic ratio is a small number, and anomalous behavior occurs when these two characteristic times are the same order of magnitude. Alfrey's “null” region corresponds to those conditions where this dimensionless ratio is much greater than one. The different manifestations of anomalous diffusion with polymer‐solvent systems will be discussed, including case II transport as defined by Alfrey, Gurnee, and Lloyd. Finally, diffusion in polymer‐solvent systems above the glass transition temperature where classical diffusion theory is applicable will be considered. Emphasis will be placed on the demonstration of the ability of theoretical methods based on free volume concepts to predict the concentration and temperature dependencies of diffusion coefficients. The extension of this free volume theory to describe diffusion in glassy polymers will also be demonstrated. Experimental results for several polymer‐solvent systems which exhibit different types of transport behavior will be used to illustrate the correlative and predictive capabilities of these recently developed theories.
[The temporal behavior of the anchorage of a cement-free implanted acetabular cup in animal experiments].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The mechanical qualities of the cementless press-fit cup of a hip prosthesis were examined in sheep. Primary anchorage of the cup is achieved by relative oversize of the cup in relation to the acetabulum, causing a press-fit effect. The surface of the cup consists of Sulmesh, a titanium net, which allows bony ingrowth. The quality of the mechanical anchorage in the acetabular bone was tested by measurements of the torque and cranio-caudal tilting moment needed to pull out the cup. It was shown that the secondary biological anchorage of the press-fit cup exceeds the primary mechanical anchorage (measured in previous in vitro experiments) by a factor of three. This improvement of the mechanical fixation of the press-fit cup in the acetabular bone can be explained by bony ingrowth into the Sulmesh and can be confirmed by histological findings.