jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Essential collocations for learners of English: The role of collocational direction and weight

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter points into a new direction for defining and classifying collocations, taking into account the needs of advanced learners of English. After a brief review of the common practice in representing collocations in dictionaries, the theoretical framework for the study is introduced. Most definitions are based on the claim that collocations constitute a gradable phenomenon. What is often not accounted for is the fact that their scalar characteristic lies in a set of three gradable criteria. This assumption is taken up to develop the multidimensional classification as an alternative to traditional methods. In this perspective collocations are understood as a product of two elements which can both have different positions on the lexical, the semantic and the statistical dimension. Within the core area of these dimensions, the quality of the relation between the two partners can be determined according to the role they play in the collocation, either a stronger or a weaker one. Thus collocations are not considered as uniform lexical combinations, but as directional relationships with the partners exerting different degrees of attraction, which can be used as a classifying feature for lexicography. The paper ends with a tentative proposal for an application of this notion of collocational direction and weight in learners’ dictionaries.
A quasi‐cluster randomized controlled trial of a classroom‐based mental health literacy educational intervention to promote knowledge and help‐seeking/helping behavior in adolescents

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Introduction School‐based education is a potentially effective approach for improving mental health literacy (MHL) in adolescents. This study evaluated the effects of the “Short MHL Program ( SMHLP )”, a brief (50 min), school teacher‐led program, on MHL in adolescents in a quasi‐cluster randomized controlled trial. Methods A total of 975 high school first graders (age 15–16) in Japan were allocated to classes such that gender and academic achievement ratios were almost equivalent at the time of admission to the high school. They were assigned at the class level to the SMHLP (n = 364 from 10 classes) or a control group (n = 611 from 17 classes). The program consisted of a 50‐minute session and was delivered by a school teacher. The students completed a self‐report questionnaire at 3 time points: pre‐, (immediately) post‐ and 2‐month follow‐up. Outcomes included “Knowledge about mental health/illnesses”, “Recognition of the necessity to seek help”, “Intention to seek help”, and “Intention of helping peers”. Mixed effects modeling was employed for analyses. Results Scores of all outcomes were significantly improved in the intervention group compared to the control group post‐intervention (p < .001). These improvements were maintained at 2‐months follow‐up for all outcomes (p < .001–.05). Questionnaire scores did not differ between groups at baseline. Conclusions The effect of the SMHLP was confirmed in grade 10 students. Brief, yet effective programs can be a viable option to promote understanding of mental health problems and have the potential to be incorporated into regular school curriculum. ”
Dead or alive: finding zombie features in the linux kernel

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Variability management in operating systems is an errorprone and tedious task. This is especially true for the Linux operating system, which provides a specialized tool called Kconfig for users to customize kernels from an impressive amount of selectable features. However, the lack of a dedicated tool for kernel developers leads to inconsistencies between the implementation and the variant model described by Kconfig. This results in real bugs like features that cannot be either enabled or disabled at all; the so called zombie features. For both in the implementation and the variant model, these inconsistencies can be categorized in referential and semantic problems. We therefore propose a tool approach to check the variability described by conditional compilation in the implementation with the variant model for both kinds of consistency. Our analysis of the variation points show that our approach is feasible for the amount of variability found in the Linux kernel. 1.
The Effect of Chemoradiotherapy at Gastric Cancer on Pancreatic Enzymes and Pancreas Volume.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Post-operative chemoradiotherapy is one of the therapeutic approaches for operated gastric cancer.During radiotherapy planning, pancreas has not been accepted as a critical organ until now, thus toxicity to pancreas has not been considered.In our prospective study, serum pancreatic enzyme levels and pancreatic volume after RT is investigated.Seventy-one patients with gastric cancer were evaluated adjuvant chemoradiotherapy.Mean pancreas volume, mean pancreas radiotherapy dose and V5, V10, V20 and V40 values were calculated.Fasting blood glucose, insulin, amylase and glycosylated hemoglobin levels were evaluated before radiotherapy and re-evaluated at the end of radiotherapy, at 1th, 3rd, 6th and 12th months after radiotherapy.Pancreas volume was evaluated before radiotherapy and re-evaluated at 12th month after radiotherapy.Before the initiation, after the first session and at the 1th, 3th, 6th and 12th months of radiotherapy, difference between serum Fasting blood glucose (p= 0.179), insulin (p= 0.296), HbA1c (p= 0.468) and amylase levels (p= 0.069) levels were not statistically significant but there is statistically significant decrease in pancreatic volume after treatment (p= 0.002).Postoperative chemoradiotherapy is able to prolong survival and decrease recurrence in operated gastric cancer patients.In our prospective study, we could not identify any statistically significant finding related to pancreatic toxicity or its presentation on biochemical parameters except pancreas atrophy in one-year period.Although, there was not any self-reported diabetes mellitus at early period it, follow-up needed for late toxicity.
A Theoretical Calculation of the Cosmological Constant Based on a Mechanical Model of Vacuum

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Lord Kelvin believed that the electromagnetic aether must also generate gravity. Presently, we have no methods to determine the density of the electromagnetic aether, or we say the $\Omega(1)$ substratum. Thus, we also suppose that vacuum is filled with another kind of continuously distributed substance, which may be called the $\Omega(2)$ substratum. Based on a theorem of V. Fock on the mass tensor of a fluid, the contravariant energy-momentum tensors of the $\Omega(1)$ and $\Omega(2)$ substrata are established. Quasi-static solutions of the gravitational field equations in vacuum are obtained. Based on an assumption, relationships between the contravariant energy-momentum tensors of the $\Omega(1)$ and $\Omega(2)$ substrata and the contravariant metric tensor are obtained. Thus, the cosmological constant is calculated theoretically. The $\Omega(1)$ and $\Omega(2)$ substrata may be a possible candidate of the dark energy. According to the theory of vacuum mechanics, only those energy-momentum tensors of discrete or continuously distributed sinks in the $\Omega(0)$ substratum are permitted to act as the source terms in the generalized Einstein's equations. Thus, the zero-point energy of electromagnetic fields is not qualified for a source term in the generalized Einstein's equations. Some people believed that all kinds of energies should act as source terms in the Einstein's equations. It may be this unwarranted belief that leads to the cosmological constant problem. The mass density of the $\Omega(1)$ and $\Omega(2)$ substrata is equivalent to that of around $3$ protons contained in a box with a volume of $1$ cubic metre.
Analysing the Relationship between Students' Paper Results and Flash-based Logical Problem Solving in the Course Introduction to Informatics

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Students of the undergraduate course Introduction to Informatics get acquainted with the most prevalent methods of data concealment (steganography) and data encryption. Students got a logical exercise as homework every week in order to develop their logical abilities. I supposed who could solve them would have better paper results. In the first group were put students who successfully solved the logical exercises, in the second group those who had problem with it. An analysis of the paper results (Levene test) showed the variance of the two groups the same (p<0,05). In this case the means could be compared with Independent samples test. This did not show difference between the means (p<0,05): the mean of the results of students solving the logical exercises were not significantly better than the results of the other group which was not able to solve them. Calculating the Eta-squared I tried to make percentable the impact of successful problem solving on the result of the papers written and got a surprising 0,5%. This means there is no correlation between the results of the papers written by the students at the end of term and their in-term problem solving work: statistical analysis shows no difference between the two groups.
Automated D.NA Profilo g S Employing Multiplex Amplification hort Tandem Repeat Loci

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have employed automated fluorescence-based technology to detect amplified tri-, tetra-, and pentanucleotide short tandem repeat (STR) loci electrophoresed on denaturing polyacrylamide sequencing gels. The system described incorporates an internal size standard in each sample, allowing the STR-PCR products to he sized automatically with a high degree of precision. By utilizing different fluorescent dye markers for loci that have overlapping allele size ranges, we have developed three multiplex STR systems containing a total of 14 different loci. These multiplex systems were then used to evaluate the usefulness of the 14 loci for the identification of individuals. Allele frequency data were collected from a minimum of SO individuals from each of three different racial groups: Caucasians, Afro-Caribbeans, and Asians. Of the resulting 42 locus population sets, deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibria was detected in only the STR HUMCYARO3Caucasian data. The probabilities of two unrelated individuals matching by chance (pM) at all 14 loci in the three multiplex reactions was <1 x 10 -14. The combination of multiplex STR-PCR and automatic fluorescence-based detection is thus a rapid and powerful technique for individual Identification. STR (or microsatellite) loci consist of simple tandemly repeated sequences of 1-6 bp in length. As with the larger variable number tandem repeat (VNTR or minisatellite) loci, STRs may exhibit a high degree of length polymorphism owing to variation in the number of repeat units displayed. However, unlike VNTRs, which occur predominantly in telomeric regions, STRs appear to be abundant throughout the human genome and occur, on average, every 6-10 kb.~l~ Polymorphic STR sequences have been reported in both genic and extra
Frequency calibration in the ArF excimer laser-tuning range using laser-induced fluorescence of NO

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A frequency calibration in the tuning range of the ArF excimer laser near 193 nm was performed. Different electronic spectra of NO were measured by laser-induced fluorescence in a cell and in an oxyacetylene flame. Spectra were measured with a frequency-doubled and Raman-shifted dye laser system and with a tunable ArF excimer laser with a modified configuration. A list of absolute frequencies of the B(2)II(upsilon' = 7) ? X(2)II(upsilon'' = 0) and D(2)Sigma(+)(upsilon' = 0) ? X(2)II(upsilon'' = 1) transitions in this spectral region is given, including a more comprehensive assignment of the latter excitation spectrum.
QwenGrasp: A Usage of Large Vision-Language Model for Target-Oriented Grasping

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Target-oriented grasping in unstructured scenes with language control is essential for intelligent robot arm grasping. The ability for the robot arm to understand the human language and execute corresponding grasping actions is a pivotal challenge. In this paper, we propose a combination model called QwenGrasp which combines a large vision-language model with a 6-DoF grasp neural network. QwenGrasp is able to conduct a 6-DoF grasping task on the target object with textual language instruction. We design a complete experiment with six-dimension instructions to test the QwenGrasp when facing with different cases. The results show that QwenGrasp has a superior ability to comprehend the human intention. Even in the face of vague instructions with descriptive words or instructions with direction information, the target object can be grasped accurately. When QwenGrasp accepts the instruction which is not feasible or not relevant to the grasping task, our approach has the ability to suspend the task execution and provide a proper feedback to humans, improving the safety. In conclusion, with the great power of large vision-language model, QwenGrasp can be applied in the open language environment to conduct the target-oriented grasping task with freely input instructions.
Effects of intensive culture and feeding isoprotein diets with different fat and carbohydrate contents on cortisol, total protein and protein fractions contents, aspat and alat activities, and on body composition and weight increments in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fingerlings

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The experiment was run on carp individuals in their second year of life. The fish were randomly divided into two groups fed two different isoprotein diets, one with increased fat level (Group I) and the other with increased carbohydrate level (Group II). Cortisol, total protein and protein fraction contents, AspAT and AlAT activities, and body composition and weight increments were monitored. Statistically significant differences between the two experimental groups were found in cortisol content, albumin level, blood AspAT and AlAT activities as well as in dry weight, total protein, and fat contents of the fish body.
Nietzsche, Dionysos, and the Crucified

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Except for Freud, Nietzsche had the greatest influence on René Girard among nineteenth-century thinkers. Nietzsche's thought concerning Christ, Christianity, and what he perceived as the Christian self-orientation forms a kind of negative parallel to Girard's understanding. This article focuses on four areas of Nietzsche's significance for Girard and the mimetic theory. (1) Overlapping areas of concern: mimesis and language, pity and resentment, friendship and difference. (2) Wagner, Dionysos, and Christ. (3) Nietzsche as Antichrist. (4) The founding murder. For Girard this is the crucifixion of Christ. For Nietzsche it is the "murder" of God, followed by the age of the new human being, the Overman, as announced by Nietzsche/Zarathustra.
Electro-mechanical response of a 3D nerve bundle model to mechanical loads leading to axonal injury

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Axonal damage is one of the most common pathological features of traumatic brain injury, leading to abnormalities in signal propagation for nervous systems. We present a 3D fully coupled electro-mechanical model of a nerve bundle, made with the finite element software Abaqus 6.13-3. The model includes a real-time coupling, modulated threshold for spiking activation and independent alteration of the electrical properties for each 3-layer fibre within the bundle. Compression and tension are simulated to induce damage at the nerve membrane. Changes in strain, stress distribution and neural activity are investigated for myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibres, by considering the cases of an intact and of a traumatized nerve membrane. Results show greater changes in transmitting action potential in the myelinated fibre.
Regulation of Public Finances in Hungary in Light of Financial Constitutionality

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The first section of this chapter presents the historical development and theoretical division of financial law. The fundamental legal institutions of modern financial law are widely regulated in the Hungarian Fundamental Law. Public finance constitutionality is an important area of financial jurisprudence. Based on the fundamental law regulations, certain areas of financial jurisprudence are presented in each section: public finances, financial and asset management, the system of public burden bearing and public burdens, public asset management, and the monetary system. The presentation of the basic legal institutions of the constitutionality of public finances allows the reader to get an overview of the Hungarian system of financial law.
Ex-vivo glucose sensors using micro-dialysis: importance of on-line recovery rate determination by multi-analyte infrared spectrometry

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Micro-dialysis has been established in the clinical environment for continuously harvesting body fluids, but a drawback of this process are variable recovery rates, which can be observed especially for subcutaneously implanted catheters. Perfusates with either acetate or mannitol have been investigated as recovery markers. The latter substance is suggested for application with external cavity tuneable quantum cascade lasers, rendering a limited wavenumber interval in contrast to FTIR-spectrometers. Despite the overlap of mannitol and glucose spectra, their simultaneous quantification was successful. By investigating the depletion of the marker substances from the perfusates using different micro-dialysis devices, the theoretical nonlinear relationship between the relative dialysate marker concentration and glucose recovery rate was confirmed for the marker substance-analyte pair of acetate and glucose, rendering a basis for reliable blood glucose measurements. For the pair of mannitol and glucose an almost linear dependency was expected for the microdialysate catheters and experimentally verified, which provides a straightforward correction of any dialysis recovery rate variation during patient monitoring.
Wastewater-Aged Silver Nanoparticles in Single and Combined Exposures with Titanium Dioxide Affect the Early Development of the Marine Copepod Tisbe battagliai

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, the effects of aged Ag and TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), individually and as a mixture, in wastewater relative to their pristine counterparts on the development of the copepod nauplii (Tisbe battagliai) were investigated. NP behavior in synthetic wastewater and seawater was characterized during aging and exposure. A delayed development and subsequent mortality were observed after 6 days of exposure to aged Ag NPs, with a twofold decrease in EC50 (316 μg/L) compared to pristine NPs (EC50 640 μg/L) despite the similar dissolved Ag concentrations measured for aged and pristine Ag NPs (441 and 378 μg/L, respectively). In coexposures with TiO2 NPs, higher dissolved Ag levels were measured for aged NPs (238.3 μg/L) relative to pristine NPs (98.57 μg/L). Coexposure resulted in a slight decrease (15%) in the Ag NP EC50 (270 μg/L) with a 1.9-fold increase in the Ag NP retained within the organisms after depuration (2.82% retention) compared to Ag NP single exposures as measured with sp-ICP-MS, suggesting that the particles are still bioavailable despite the heteroaggregation observed between Ag, Ti NPs, and wastewater components. This study shows that the presence of TiO2 NPs can affect the stability and toxicity of Ag NPs in complex media that cannot be predicted solely based on ionic, total, or nanoparticulate concentrations, and the need for studying NP interactions in more complex matrices is highlighted.
Studies in later medieval intellectual history in honor of William J. Courtenay. By William O. Duba, Russell L. Friedman and Chris Schabel. (Recherches de Théologie et Philosophie médiévales. Bibliotheca, 14.) Pp. iv + 516 incl. 7 figs and 6 tables. Leuven–Bristol, Ct: Peeters, 2017. €94. 978 90 429 3393 4

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Studies in later medieval intellectual history in honor of William J. Courtenay. By William O. Duba, Russell L. Friedman and Chris Schabel. (Recherches de Théologie et Philosophie médiévales. Bibliotheca, 14.) Pp. iv + 516 incl. 7 figs and 6 tables. Leuven–Bristol, Ct: Peeters, 2017. €94. 978 90 429 3393 4 - Volume 70 Issue 3
Activated layered magnetism from bulk TiN

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The novel properties of a uniaxially-expanded TiN bulk arising from\nincreasing the layer spacing from equilibrium are explored using a\nfirst-principles approach. We reveal a novel nonmagnetic-magnetic transition\nfrom a TiN bulk to its monolayer. We also investigate the electronic and\nmagnetic structures of a few TiN atomic layers. We find that the bilayer and\ntrilayer, like the TiN bulk, are nonmagnetic poor metals. On the other hand,\nthe monolayer TiN is found to carry a magnetic moment on its Ti atoms, and\nlikely be a semiconductor. The unpaired electron giving rise to magnetism on Ti\nis primarily in the orbital perpendicular to the layers, and we find it is\nfreed to give rise to magnetism when the layers are slightly separated. We find\ntwo different antiferromagnetic states possible on the monolayer, as well as\none ferromagnetic, with one of the antiferromagnetic being the lowest energy.\nThe exchange couplings between Ti atoms in such a monolayer are calculated to\nbe antiferromagnetic for both the nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor\nsites. We also analyze the binding nature of both the monolayer and bilayer TiN\nby searching for the predominant binding orbitals.\n
Mobile agent support services

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Mobile agents are considered a promising technology for networks and distributed systems. This is due to their capability of enabling innovative solutions through autonomous and location-independent task execution. They offer interesting alternatives to centralised approaches, particularly in application domains like network and system management. While some aspects of mobile agent deployment have been explored in considerable detail, e.g. identification and communication, new solutions are required for other aspects, including particularly control and efficiency of mobile agents. In addition, the integration of these solutions into one common approach is necessary, in order to enable the successful development of mobile agent based applications. In this thesis, services addressing individual aspects are presented - e.g. control of mobile agents or deployment of mobile agents in network and system management - and a modular and extensible service layer for mobile agents is developed which allows the integration of these services. The focus of this thesis is on the specification and evaluation of a service for efficient deployment of mobile agent migration. The processes involved cannot entirely be integrated into the mobile agents, as they are subject to restrictions in terms of size and complexity. It is shown how the service layer can provide the required support for these processes. Using an analytical model the potential of mobile agents is outlined, and based on this model an approach is presented for improving the efficiency of mobile agent based applications.
A new case of Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease associated with human growth hormone therapy in New Zealand

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A clinically atypical, neuropathologically verified case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is described in a 32-year-old New Zealand woman with idiopathic hypopituitarism who had been treated in late adolescence (1970 to 1973) with human growth hormone processed from pooled cadaveric pituitary glands.