jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Experimental study of the characterization of household waste in Bamako, Mali

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In Bamako, the flow of household waste and its typology are little known. In order to set up a sustainable management system for the city's garbage, it is nevertheless important to know the quantities, natures and dimensions of the objects that make up the garbage. This study, which began in 2017, consisted of characterizing the garbage collected at the household level in Bamako using the MODECOM method modified to adapt it to the Malian context. The objective of this study was to propose a method intended to obtain solid results on the characteristics of household waste produced in Bamako in order to build adapted collection and recovery strategies. The results, obtained from a sample of 270 households in the 6 communes of Bamako and 3 neighborhoods of different socio-economic levels per commune, showed that the average ratio of household waste produced in Bamako is about 0.28 Kg per inhabitant per day. The category of fines is the most important, with an average daily production of 2.45 kg for a household with an average of 20.5 inhabitants. Putrescibles come in second place. Their production represents 41% of the average amount of garbage generated in a high standard household. It represents the main biodegradable category of garbage. Fines, which are mostly sand, charcoal and ash, accounted for 37 percent of the waste generated by households of the same type. The particle size sorting, which can help to choose suitable industrial sorting tools, shows that the fraction of medium-sized garbage is the most abundant. The data from the characterization of garbage would allow the development of all forms of garbage management strategies, especially for its collection and recovery.
Effect of yeast TEL1 gene expression in A-T cells on chromosome aberration induced by radiation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To analyze the effect of yeast TEL1 gene expression in human A\|T (ataxia\|telangiectasia) cells on chromosome aberration induced by radiation. Methods Yeast TEL1 gene (TEL1rep),TEL1 fragment (deltaTELrep),pRep5 vector were stably transfected into A\|T cells and pRep5 vector was stably transfected into GM639 cells.respectively.The stably transfected A\|T and GM639 cells,namely,AT\|TEL1,AT\|deltaTEL1,AT\|rep,GM\|rep,were grown selectively in Dulbecco's minimal essential medium (DMEM) containing 100 μg/ml hygromycin,while non\|transfected A\|T and GM639 cells were grown in DMEM containing 15%\|20% FBS. 60 Co γ\|rays were used to irradiate the above cells at exponential phase.The irradiation dose was 0,1,3 Gy,respectively.A hundred metaphases were analyzed for microscopically detectable chromosome type and chromatid type aberrations. Results The chromosome numbers of all transfected,and non\|transfected A\|T,GM639 fobroblasts were aneuploid.Both spontaneous and radiation\|induced chromosome aberration frequencies of A\|T cells were higher than those of GM639 control cells.There is no significant difference in the spontaneous chromosome aberration between TEL1 gene stably transfected A\|T cells (AT\|TEL1) and non\|transfected A\|T cells ( P 0 05).Chromosome aberration frequencies induced by radiation in AT\|TEL1 cells were significantly lower than those of A\|T cells ( P 0 01).However,chromosome aberration frequencies induced by radiation in AT\|deltaTEL1 and AT\|rep cells were higher than those of A\|T cells. Conclusion The expression of yeast TEL1 gene in human A\|T cells can significantly decrease the chromosome aberration frequencies induced by radiation.
Mukwerera, a Shangwe rainmaking ceremony: Its music, dance and symbols

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Rainmaking ceremonials were commonly practised among African cultures. This study surveyed mukwerera rainmaking ritual as an embodiment of the Shangwe culture in the Gokwe District in the Midlands Province of Zimbabwe. Mukwerera music and its jichi female - male dance were embedded in active mythological symbolisms and yet these symbols had not been documented in a way to preserve them. Subsequently, the study examined how the ritual was connected to mythological concepts, themes of gender and sexuality in jichi music and dance. I established that: 1). The perception of jichi as a gendered dance was derived from Nevana, the Shangwe rain spirit’s use of a wooden plate and a stick in making rain. 2).The wooden plate and the stick were symbolic to the female and male beings, hence the conception of jichi as a gendered dance. 3). The dance was presented in three patterns called The Jichi Dance Model. 4) Jichi dance portrayed what one can refer to as cultural-conditional gendered equality, a kind of equality that existed during the dance only. 5).The request for rain followed a long established mode that one may refer to as the Mukwerera Hierarchical Traditional Communication Model. 6) Gender roles existing in the spiritual realm are a reflection of gender roles found in societies and vice versa. 7). Male dominance over female in the world of spirits might be a reflection of male dominance in societies. 8) Hierarchies evident in the spiritual kingdom may be a mirror of hierarchies found in societies, and the former can be an explanation of the latter.
An efficient variance-based global sensitivity analysis method based on multiplicative dimensional reduction method and Taylor series expansion

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this study, the detailed derivation of unconditional and conditional statistical moments for calculating two variance-based global sensitivity indices is presented based on the multiplicative dimensional reduction method. Furthermore, an efficient calculation method for the statistical moment of performance function is proposed using Taylor series expansion, transforming it into a calculation of the statistical moment of random variable. Additionally, a recursive formula for the raw moment of normally distributed random variables is derived and a calculation formula for non-normally distributed random variables’ raw moment is provided. Finally, by combining the multiplicative dimensional reduction method with Taylor series expansion, two more effective methods are proposed for variance-based global sensitivity index. Compared with the reference method, the two proposed methods increase efficiency by 66.66% and 33.33%, respectively. The accuracy and efficiency of this approach are verified by a low-dimensional roof truss and a high-dimensional ten-bar truss structure in conjunction with finite element software. Moreover, its engineering application value is demonstrated by applying it to a high-dimensional complex hydraulic piping system containing 28 input variables.
[Peritonitis of large-bowel origin--complicated colorectal carcinoma].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A total of 803 patients presenting colorectal carcinoma are operated on over a 14-year period (1979 through 1992). In 272 cases (33.8 per cent) the disease runs a complicated clinical course. Perforative peritonitis is recorded in 29 cases-10.6 per cent of the total number of patients with complicated course, and 3.6 per cent of the total number subjected to operation. Ileus peritonitis free of perforation is discovered in twenty-seven cases-9.5 per cent of 272, and 3.23 per cent of the total number-803. The microbiological study of abdominal cavity exudate from the patients with ileus peritonitis points to predomination of anaerobic micro-organisms, having an essential practical bearing on performing adequate perioperative and postoperative antibiotic treatment, and peritoneal cavity lavage during the operation. Radical two-staged operations with removal of the perforated neoplastic process in the first stage and preternatural anus formation are the method of choice. Palliative operations leaving the perforated carcinoma within the abdominal cavity account for 100 per cent lethality. A radical one-staged operation is indicated only in the event of localized peritonitis, young patients, preserved good general condition, usually following right hemicolectomy.
Novel Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimation Method Using a Bayesian Hierarchical Model

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring is important for the prevention and early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Cuffless BP estimation using pulse arrival time (PAT) via a mathematical model which enables continuous BP measurement has recently become a popular research topic. In this study, simultaneous biomedical signals from ten healthy subjects were acquired by electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensors and the continuous reference BP data were collected by a cuff-based Finometer PRO BP monitor. A hierarchical model was applied to estimate the parameters of a nonlinear model which in turn is used to estimate systolic blood pressure (SBP) using PAT with few calibration measurements. The mean absolute difference (MAD) between the estimated SBP and reference SBP is 4.35±1.43 mmHg using the proposed hierarchical model with three calibration measurements and is 4.36±1.17 mmHg with a single calibration measurement.
How Racial Tasking Leads to Inequitable Financial Remuneration Among Power-5 College Football Coaches

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

While occupying a significant number of coaching positions in Power-5 college football, Black coaches are routinely overlooked as head coach or coordinator candidates. Although Black Power-5 football coaches generate significant value for their respective teams, such stagnation within the promotion and hiring of Black assistant coaches raises concerns about whether Black coaches receive equitable compensation for the value they generate. Utilizing Ray’s theory of racialized organizations, this study examined the race and salary of Power-5 football coaches to determine whether Black and White coaches receive equitable compensation. Results reveal that while Black coaches create inordinate value in recruiting prospective athletes, compensation among White Power-5 football coaches is exponentially greater than their Black counterparts. The economic value of Black and White stakeholders (e.g., coaches and athletes) to the college football enterprise is also discussed.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN PROFESIONALISME KERJA TERHADAP LOYALITAS KARYAWAN DI LP3I GROUP

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

<p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><em>This study was conducted to determine how much influence the Transformational Leadership Style on Employee Loyalty in LP3I Group, determine how much influence Professionalism Working on Employee Loyalty in LP3I Group, and determine how much influence Transformational Leadership Style and Professionalism Working simultaneously on Employee Loyalty in LP3I Group.</em><em> </em><em>This study uses the regression method to see how big the effect of independent variables and the dependent variables. The population was employees in LP3I group that has entered a period of over 5 years of work. They are President Director of LP3I, Board of Directors and the Manager/Head Office of 60 and sampled in this study as many as 40 people. Each respondent was given a total of 35 questions.</em><em> </em><em>Based on the results of data processing show that the influence of Transformational Leadership Style on Employee Loyalty in LP3I Group is strong, it means that the relationship between the two variables is significant at the strong degree of confidenc</em><em>e. And the influence of Professionalism Working on Employee Loyalty in LP3I Group is strong. It means that the relationship between the two variables is significant at the strong degree of confidence. </em><em>While the influence of Transformational Leadership Style and Professionalism Working Group on LP3I Employee loyalty is strong. This suggests that the Transformational Leadership Style and Professionalism Working works well, it will further increase Employee Loyalty in LP3I Group.</em><em></em></p><p><em> </em></p><em><br /> <strong>Keyword :</strong> Transformational Leadership Style, Employee Loyalty, Professionalism Working</em>
Private Payer's Status Improves Male Breast Cancer Survival

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Survival from male breast cancer is influenced by many factors. This study assessed payer's status effect on survival of male breast cancer patients. This study included 8,828 male breast cancer patients diagnosed between 1998-2006 and followed to 2011 in the National Cancer Data Base. Cox regression was used to investigate the effect of payer's status and other factors on overall survival. Patients had 36.2%, 42.7%, 14.7%, and 6.5% of stage I to IV cancer, respectively. Payer status was private 47.7%, Medicare 42.6%, Medicaid 3.24%, unknown 3.59%, and uninsured 2.95%. Median overall survival (MOS) for all patients was 10.6 years. In multivariate analysis, Direct adjusted MOS was 12.46, 11.89, 9.99, 9.02, and 8.29 years for private, "unknown," Medicare, uninsured, and Medicaid payer's status, respectively. Patients with private and "unknown" payer's status showed a significant difference in survival compared to uninsured patients, while Medicaid and Medicare patients did not. Age, race, stage, grade, income, comorbidity, distance travelled, and diagnosing/treating facility were also significant predictors of survival. Treatment delay and cancer program did not have a significant influence on survival.
Factor-binding element in the human c-myc promoter involved in transcriptional regulation by transforming growth factor beta 1 and by the retinoblastoma gene product.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Previous studies have shown that transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) inhibition of keratinocyte proliferation involves suppression of c-myc transcription, and indirect evidence has suggested that the retinoblastoma gene product (pRB) may be involved in this process. In this study, transient expression of pRB in skin keratinocytes was shown to repress transcription of the human c-myc promoter as effectively as TGF-beta 1. The same c-myc promoter region was required for regulation by both TGF-beta 1 and pRB. These sequences, termed the TGF-beta control element (TCE), lie between positions -86 and -63 relative to the P1 transcription start site. Oligonucleotides containing the TCE bound to several nuclear factors in mobility-shift assays using extracts from cells with or without normal pRB. Binding of some factors was inhibited by TGF-beta 1 treatment of TGF-beta-sensitive but not TGF-beta-insensitive cells. These data indicate that pRB can suppress c-myc transcription and suggest the involvement of cellular factors in addition to pRB in the TGF-beta 1 pathway for the inhibition of c-myc transcription and growth inhibition.
Fast Deterministic Sampling for Mean and Covariance Estimation in Stochastic Load Flow

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a new method for stochastic load flow (SLF) by using deterministic sampling based on sigma-point selection. In stead of conducting time-consuming Monte Carlo simulation, the proposed method can efficiently estimate the mean and covariance of state variables and branch power flow by conducting only 2k+ chosen deterministic power flow for a power system with k normally distributed uncertain parameters. The benefits of the proposed method are: 1) it has accuracy at least to the second order of truncated Taylor series; 2) it needs no derivatives; 3) it is not limited to the size of uncertain parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated in an example of IEEE 14-bus power system.
Is tourism Haiti's magic bullet?: An empirical treatment of Haiti's tourism potential

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Haitian government has elevated tourism to the top of its development agenda. Yet prospects for success are uncertain. This assessment is the first empirical treatment of the attitudes and perceptions of tourists and service providers in Haiti. It is based on a survey of more than 2,000 tourists and 390 industry professionals. It finds that just over 3% of tourists reported crime victimization and that the current tourism model should be revisited.
Basic Characteristics of Canada's Post-War Regional Economic Development

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The article surveys the post-war economic development of Canada from the point of view of the nation's rapid expansion as a supplier of raw materials and semi-finished goods on the world market. The regional section analyzes the development of four major Canadian regions: the Atlantic, Central, Prairie and Far West regions, as well as the Canadian North. In all regions the most rapid rates of growth are found to have been recorded by raw-material-producing industries oriented toward the export market.
A Study on Information Need and Information Seeking Behaviour of College Students in Guwahati Metro

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Objectives: College libraries are prominent information organizations and play a crucial role fulfilling the information needs of its users, so the use of technological information emanating from these libraries contribute not only to business development but also to the technical manpower development in the collegiate education field. The objective of the study is to find out the facilities available in the college libraries for the library users for seeking information\nPurpose: The purpose of the study is to identify a comparative trend of information use pattern and to evaluate the existing information environment of the college libraries of Guwahati Metro and to find out the ways and means of better information related situation\nMethodology: A survey has been conducted through a simple random sampling method for the collection of data. Structured questionnaires have been designed for the purpose. The study has been proposed to utilize an appropriate statistical technique to make the work statically significant for the effective and efficient use of management libraries as a whole.\nFindings: OPAC is the most useful IT-based library sources and facilities, Google search engine is a high source of seeking information. Preparing assignment, notes and preparation of the competitive exam is the main purpose of seeking information. The main problem faced by the respondents is non-availability of proper study materials, poor internet connectivity and information sources are not located properly.
Geographical pathology of cancer of the uterine cervix.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The availability of age-standardized cancer incidences for different parts of the world has enabled a thorough and meaningful analysis of the geographical distribution of cancer of the uterine cervix. The high morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer reported for most European countries and North America at the beginning of this century has, in recent years, been superseded by those for Asian, African, Latin American and Caribbean countries with the provision of additional data. Striking differences in cervical cancer incidences have been observed among various ethnic groups in Africa which seem to reflect variations in the intensity of certain environmental influences. Cervix cancer is uncommon in the white population of North America and Europe with the exception of West Germany, Denmark, Sweden and Yugoslavia. In the United States, the highest incidence occurs in Puerto Rican women of New York City and the Latin population of the South. The very low incidence in Jewish women is virtually the same in New York City as in Israel. This world-wide survey has shown that poor sexual hygiene rather than lack of male circumcision per se is a more important aetiological factor in cervical cancer.
Blood cell—Vessel wall interactions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Platelets playa major role in the control of the bleeding. When endothelial cells are damaged, the platelets adhere to the subendothelial matrix. This adhesion is mediated through specific receptors on the plaletet side like glycoprotein Ib but also glycoprotein la. The Von Ville brand factor is essential for the adhesion of platelets to the sub endothelium. Von Willebrand factor binds to glycoprotein Ib and glycoproteins GPIIb IlIa.
Studying the Effect of Varying the Number of Folicur (250EC) Applications to Control Powdery Mildew on Grapes in Hebron District in Palestine

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The experiment was conducted in Zini cultivar vineyards established in Hebron to study the significance of increasing the number of Folicur applications to control powdery mildew disease. The study showed that increasing the number of applications more than four sprays was not economic to farmers and did not improve the efficiency of disease control. Four sprays were enough to reduce the average rate of infection to 1.5% which is below the economic threshold of the disease.
The Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Teaching Practices in Biomedical Sciences on Students’ Learning Experience: A Systematic Literature Review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The traditional didactic approach to teaching in biomedical sciences falls short of providing students with the 21st century competencies necessary to meet the socioeconomic demands placed upon them. Tertiary biomedical science educators have sought empirical evidence to identify the best practices to meet these demands, each of which have an element of actively involving students in their learning, as opposed to passive and didactic instructional approaches. This review synthesises the literature on evidence-based teaching practices (EBTPs) implemented in biomedical science disciplines and investigates the impact of EBTPs on students’ learning experiences through a systematic review. Seventy-eight studies were analysed, providing a comprehensive review of teaching practices that supported active learning in biomedical science disciplines. The findings revealed that EBTPs had significant impact on students’ academic performance and learning experiences to enhance higher-order thinking skills and self-directed learning, despite the variation in educational setting. A range of instructional strategies and technologies that supported active learning experiences were identified in this review, and the findings provide an evidence base to inform pedagogical decisions regarding the implementation of EBTPs and may serve as an impetus for instructors to implement active learning strategies based on this empirical evidence.
Concept for Development of Expert Computer Program for Identification of Filamentous Fungi

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

An expert program has been developed for users working in industrial laboratories who are not experts in the identification of filamentous fungi. The database of morphological growth features currently contains 12 species from the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium grown under standard conditions. The identification algorithm implemented in the database takes into account the reliability of users, which can vary over a wide range depending on the identification feature. The reliability of users was estimated on the basis of a questionnaire survey conducted among 27 non-experts, as the likelihood of a response consistent with the assessment of experts. The program works through comparative analysis of features of the fungus being identified with the expert-developed database and selection of the most likely species among the species represented by reference strains. The expert program reduces subjective mistakes and may be extended to include further fungal species and genera; it can also be supplemented with chemotaxonomic, genetic and other data.