jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Assessment of different factors on the influence of glass wool concentration for detection of main swine viruses in water samples

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Viruses existed in wastewaters might pose a biosecurity risk to human and animal health. However, it is generally difficult to detect viruses in wastewater directly as they usually occur in low numbers in water. Therefore, processing large volumes of water to concentrate viruses in a much smaller final volume for detection is necessary. Glass wool has been recognized as an effective material to concentrate multiple in water, and in this study, we assessed the use of glass wools on concentrating pseudorabies virus (PRV), African swine fever virus (ASFV), and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in water samples. The influence of pH values, water matrix, water volume, filtration rate, temperature on the effect of the method concentrating these viruses for detection was evaluated in laboratory. Our results revealed that glass wool was suitable for the concentration of above-mentioned viruses from different water samples, and demonstrated a good application effect for water with pH between 6.0–9.0. Furthermore, glass wool also showed a good recovery effect on concentrating viral nucleic acids and viral particles, as well as living viruses. In addition, combining use of glass wool with skim milk, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-NaCl, or ultracentrifuge had good effects on concentrating ASFV, PRV, and PEDV. Detection of wastewater samples ( n = 70) collected from 70 pig farms in 13 regions across Hubei Province in Central China after glass-wool-concentration determined one sample positive for ASFV, eighteen samples positive for PRV, but no sample positive for PEDV. However, these positive samples were detected to be negative before glass wool enrichment was implemented. Our results suggest that glass wool-based water concentration method developed in this study represents an effective tool for detecting viruses in wastewater.
A study of time use, learner autonomy and academic achievement among secondary school students in Malaysia / Razimi Zakaria, Ng Siew Foen and Lai See May

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The preliminary report of the Malaysian Education Blueprint - 2013-2025 (Malaysia Ministry of Education, 2012) highlights the importance, in a globalized world, of producing future intellectual, social and human capital for Malaysia. It is paramount to note that adolescents are the future human capital of Malaysia. Literature indicates adolescents are confronted with an environment that is rapidly changing and the time spent on non-school-related activities has negatively impacted academic performance. This research investigated the contribution of time use among students to academic achievement. The sample of secondary school students was stratified to ensure balance of gender, school type and grade level. Correlation analyses were conducted to determine the associations among the variables identified in the study. Participants completed the Daily Record of How I Use My Time each day for seven consecutive days. Cooperating schools provided copies of the academic transcript of each participant. This information was used to establish the overall secondary school academic achievement of each participant. The data collected were subjected to bivariate comparisons of means and t-test comparisons of means to yield correlations among the target variables. The findings of this research support those of some previous studies and contradict those of other studies, many conducted with non-Malaysian populations. In sum, the present study may help to develop a conceptual framework for guiding efforts to improve academic performance, as it relates to time-use, as a contribution to accomplishing the national agenda of Malaysia.
Maximizing survival, growth and goal reaching under borrowing constraints

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this paper, we consider the survival, growth and goal reaching maximization problems treated in Browne [ Math. Oper. Res. , 1997, 22 , 468-493] and solve them in a market constrained due to borrowing prohibition. To solve the problems, we first construct an auxiliary market introduced by Cvitanic and Karatzas [ Ann. Appl. Probab. , 1992, 2 , 767-818] and then apply the dynamic programming approach. Via our solutions, an alternative approach is introduced in order to solve the problems defined under an auxiliary market.
Studies of the Toxicological Potential of Tripeptides (L-Valyl-L-prolyl-L-proline and L-lsoleucyl-L-prolyl-L-proline): IX. Evaluation of the Mutagenic Potential of Synthesized L-Valyl-L-prolyl-L-proline in the Salmonella-Escherichia coli/Microsome, Incorporation Assay

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The objective of this study was to assess the mutagenic potential of a synthesized tripeptide, L-valyl-L-prolyl-L-proline (VPP), to induce mutational changes in Salmonella typhimurium LT2 strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100, and Escherichia coli strain WP2uvrA in the classical Ames test protocol. Bacteria were exposed to plate concentrations of VPP of 0,156.2, 312.5, 625, 1250, 2500, and 5,000 /ig/plate in distilled water, in the presence and absence of Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver homogenate preparation (S9). Positive-control agents included sodium azide (TA100 and TA1535); 2-aminoanthracene (TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and WP2uvrA); 9-aminoacridine (TA1537); 2-nitrofluorene (TA98); and N-ethyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (WP2uvrA) in DMSO. Incubations were conducted at 37° C for about 48 h then revertant colonies were counted. All positive-control agents were consistently and unequivocally positive, but there was no evidence that VPP induced increases in the incidences of revertant colonies in any bacterial strain with and without metabolic activation. These findings were replicated in a second, confirmatory test performed with and without S9. The results of the experiments revealed no treatment-associated changes in the incidence of revertant colonies in any bacterial strain tested. These results support a conclusion that, under the experimental conditions described, there is no evidence that VPP possesses mutagenic potential.
Effect of Hyaluronic Acid Gel on Healing of Simple Dental Extraction Sockets: A Pilot Study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Hyaluronic acid (HA) was explored as a powerful positive biocompatible material that participates in numerous biological processes related to morphogenesis and tissue healing. AIM: In this context, we elevated in this pilot study the effect of HA on soft tissue healing and bone repair of dental sockets (DS) as well as the postoperative pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten individuals of both genders (80% females and 20% males) with age range 18–44 years, were included who were diagnosed with two non-restorable teeth (total sockets n = 20). A split-mouth study design was performed where the DS of each patient were divided into Group A (study group): Topical oral HA gel (Gengigel®) was applied into sockets while Group B (control group): Sockets were left untreated. Study variables were evaluated including socket length, socket healing scores (healing index), and post-operative pain in both groups at day 1, 5, and 10 for each patient. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between the control and study groups regarding the reduction of the socket length and postoperative complications but results revealed that HA enhances and fasten the healing capacity. CONCLUSION: HA can be used as adjunctive treatment to improve the wound healing process.
Biomimetic Real-Time Multimodal Tactile Perception and Haptics for Telepresence Humanoids

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Touch is critical to human object manipulation, enabling rapid optimal material grasping. Contrarily, telepresence robots seldom display fine sensory information to their operators, resulting in awkward object interaction. This paper details the biomimetic real-time multimodal haptics system of telepresence humanoid Avatar-Hubo and its tactual perception techniques. Inspired by human sensing, the proposed system uses a custom robotic hand and dynamic sensor to measure finger compliance and vibrations during object contact. Then, the proposed Real-Time Haptics Method processes sensor signals into metrics to quantify and identify material compliance and texture. Finally, a commercial haptic interface provides operators with appropriate cutaneous force and texture feedback. Experimentation with the Real-Time Haptics Method reveals over 80 % accuracy in recognizing smooth and rough items without requiring the contact force/velocity control used in similar systems. Hence, the proposed method enables telepresence robots like Avatar-Hubo to identify tactile properties and provide operators with rich tactile feedback in real-time.
Brothers are better than sisters: A semiotic, feminist analysis of HBO's "Rome"

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In 2005, the Home Box Office and British Broadcasting Corporation partnered to produce Rome , a television series that retells the Roman histories of Julius Caesar, Marc Antony and Augustus through the lives of two centurion soldiers, Titus Pullo and Lucious Vorenus. The show's producers endeavored to bring Roman streets to life and included more storylines of women, men and children of all classes. At first considered a more egalitarian approach to history, Rome 's women are said to "challenge expectations" (Vu, 2005) and "forge a new path" (Ragalie, 2007, p. 2). But does this new representation challenge the old , sexist thinking that governed ancient Rome (and that continues to limit gender roles in modern society)? Or does it reify it? This semiotic, feminist analysis of the HBO television series, Rome , asks how the show reifies and critiques patriarchal ideals. It compares the way brotherhood and sisterhood are framed through narrative and visual elements, like characterization, dialogue, plot, camera angle and color. The asexual, same-sex relationships between Pullo and Vorenus and Atia and Servilia are selected as signifiers of brotherhood and sisterhood. The difference in the portrayal of brotherhood and sisterhood illustrates ways that patriarchal ideals are articulated, and feminist ideals are oppressed, in popular culture representations. This thesis argues that even though Rome 's producers claim to "set the stage for modern politics--infighting, corruption," the way that they set the stage, ironically, critiques contemporary ideas about gender and endorses the base upon which the corruption is built--patriarchy. By critiquing Rome , this thesis contributes to feminist media studies scholarship by showing how patriarchy is portrayed in media and how those messages contribute to our perception of sexist politics.
Vibrancy, repetition and movement: posthuman theories for reconceptualising young children in museums

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper argues for an expanded field of inquiry to conceptualise young children in museums. Drawing on Murris’ [2016. The Post-Human Child: Educational Transformation Through Philosophy with Picturebooks. London: Routledge] analysis of childhood constructions, we discuss how cognitive and socio-constructivist models of the child dominate childhood and museum studies. We argue for the potential of Murris’ figure of the posthuman child to reconceptualise children in museums. This perspective offers a greater focus on the potency of objects themselves, and the animacy of the non-human aspects of the museum. It is also underpinned by a theoretical shift from representation to non-representation [Anderson, B., and P. Harrison. (2010) “The Promise of Non-representational Theories.” In Taking-place: Non-representational Theories and Geography. Farnham: Ashgate], presenting us with new ways to address questions such as ‘what does that mean?’ when we observe children’s learning in museums. Working with data that has proved resistant to interpretation across a range of research projects, what we call ‘sticky data’, we elaborate on three themes emerging from this reconceptualisation: vibrancy, repetition and movement.
A method for Assessing the Interoperability of Application Software Based on Object-Oriented Polychromatic Sets of Composition and Properties of Their Data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The new approach of an estimation of interoperability of the applied software on the basis of structure of their data, consisting in representation of the information about entity is offered to a subject domain in the form of object-oriented polychromatic set for calculation of interoperability as the factor of the compatibility equal to the relation of volume coordinated between systems entity to the common volume same entity. From the proposed method, due to the assessment of the use of joint data of various systems in their databases, the human factor is excluded from the analysis of the interoperability of application software.
Reconstitution immune tolerance of pre-autoimmune diabetes by chain DNA vaccination of insulin B

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of inducing immune tolerance of autoimmune diabetic mice by insulin B chain gene vaccine Methods:Insulin B chain DNA vaccine was constructed by genetic engineering techniques DNA vaccine was injected into tibilias anterior muscle of C57BL/6 mice Mice were divided into four groups at random: group control (C), group diabetes (D), group treatment (T), prophylactic treatment (P) Serum was taken to determine insulin, the expression of bcl 2 mRNA was determined by dot blot dehydribation Results:①After prediabetic mice were injected by DNA vaccines, the ratio of incidence of diabetes was 30% in 2 w, 40% in 3 w and 4 w, which were significantly higher than that of groups D and T, and lower than that of group C The level of insulin showed no difference between group C and the non diabetic mice of group P In contrast to non diabetic mice, the change of pancreas of diabetic mice in group P was similar to group D ②AGV of bcl 2 mRNA in thymus cells, spleen cells, and blood monocytes of effective mice in group P showed no difference with group C, but markly lower than those of group D T Conclusion:Insulin B chain DNA vaccine could recover the balance of the development and activity of thymus cells, spleen cells and lymphocyte in prediabetic mice
Institutional differences and integration difficulties

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how the location of a firm’s headquarters and component sourcing impact a firm’s responsiveness in a product-harm crisis in local market. Design/methodology/approach The authors collected data on 1,251 vehicle recalls from 12 manufacturers, six in the USA, three in Germany, and three in Japan. All of the recalls occurred in the USA between 2002 and 2010. The time the product was first released into the marketplace was used as the starting point while the time the recall was initiated (if at all) was used to record the probability of the product recall over time. Specifically, a survival analysis with an accelerated failure time model was employed to examine the speed with which a product is recalled. The authors examined the impact of foreign composition using information provided by the American Automobile Labeling Act, which lists the proportion of each vehicle that is composed of domestic parts (USA/Canada) and foreign parts. Organizational characteristics (i.e. size, market share, assets, net income, and reputation) and recall size (i.e. number of affected vehicles) that might have an effect on time to recall were controlled for. Findings The authors found that firms headquartered outside the local market would take longer to issue a product recall than firms that were headquartered in the local market. Firm headquartered outside the local market can reduce the time taken to recall by sourcing parts from the local marketplace, rather than from abroad. Interestingly, even local firms are affected by the location of component sourcing, such that they take longer to issue a recall if they sourced parts from abroad. Originality/value Research in international marketing has examined the benefits of integration to firms, but has not studied the risks of integration. By highlighting the challenges of managing institutional differences and integration difficulties, the authors show that location of headquarters and the location from where components are sourced have an effect on firm responsiveness in product-harm crises. Further, the authors build on the global supply chain management literature that has shown the effect of upstream activities (i.e. foreign production) on downstream activities (i.e. product quality). Specifically, the authors show that upstream activities can not only affect product quality, but also the ability of firms to respond to those product qualities in a timely fashion.
Effects of Anti-Endothelial Cell Antibodies in Leprosy and Malaria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT As a result of damaging endothelial cells (ECs), Mycobacterium leprae triggers the production of antibodies (Abs). These anti-EC Abs (AECAs) can be divided into two types. The first type nonspecifically reacts with components of the cytosol (CY) and can be detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The second specifically reacts with the EC membrane (MB) and requires fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis to be detected. The presence of both types of AECAs was determined in 68 leprosy patients. The ELISA was positive for 35 of them but also for 30 of 34 malaria patients and 17 of 50 healthy African controls. However, whereas FACS analysis showed MB reactivity in only three malaria patients and four controls, this reactivity was found in 27 leprosy patients, more of those having the lepromatous than the tuberculoid form. Specificity for MB, which we failed to absorb by incubation with CY lysates, predominated over that for CY in leprosy, unlike malaria, where the EC reactivity was restricted to the CY. Western blot analysis and two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed that calreticulin, vimentin, tubulin, and heat shock protein 70 were targeted by AECAs from leprosy patients, but other proteins remained unidentified. These auto-Abs, but not those from malaria patients, did activate ECs, as indicated by the E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 upregulation, and/or induced them into apoptosis, as documented by four different methods. Our findings suggest that, in some but not all leprosy patients, AECAs may play a role in pathogenesis.
The effect of pneumoperitoneum and position on the optic nerve sheath diameter during robotic radical prostatectomy: an ultrasonographic evaluation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: The deep trendelenburg position and pneumoperitoneum those applied in cases of Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy (RALRP) operations are thought to increase intracranial pressure. Orbital ultrasonography as a non-invasive measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) have been reported in recent years as in correlation with intracranial pressure. In this study, RALRP operations done in different intra-abdominal pressures and the affect of the ONSD with different intra-abdominal pressure levels have been shown. Whether changes made in the cognitive functions of patients has been investigated by this likely effect.Materials and methods: 40patients who RALRP operation planned, ASA physical statusI-II and in ages 50-70 were included to this study. The patients were divided into 2groups; according to insufflation pressure as 10 mmHg (Group I) and 15mmHg (Group II). The optic nerve sheath diameter measuring done for 10 times from the right eye of the patients with its 4 axis by ultrasound; before the induction of anesthesia, 5min after induction, 5min after abdominal insufflation, 5,15,30,60 and 120 min of the trendelenburg position, 5min after intra-abdominal insufflation and trendelenburg terminated and 5min after extubation. Standardized Mini Mental State Examination(SMMSE) was performed 1day before and 3days later the operation. Results: There were no differences between the two groups for the operation time and demographical values.ONSD value was significantly (p< 0,05) lower in Group I at the 60. and 120.min of the Trendelenburg position and at the 5.min of returning to supine position.There were no difference between preop and postop SMMSE results for the two groups. Mean airway pressure and ONSD values in deep trendelenburg position during operation has increased in both groups compared with baseline values; but they have decreased back to levels similar to their baseline values at the end of the operation parameters with the supine position.Conclusion: These results determined that lower intracranial pressure occurs at the low insufflation group by lower ONSD values with the prolongation of the deep trendelenburg position,but this difference did not make a significant difference in terms of cognitive function,which is viewed by the SMMSE.
First Long-Term Polymer Injectivity (LTPI) Test in Magwa Field Targeting Medium Quality Formation in Wara, Great Burgan Field

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The Greater Burgan field Kuwait is the second largest oil field in the world and the largest sandstone field. Greater Burgan is divided into Ahmadi, Magwa, and Burgan fields. This paper describes the result of the first Long Term Polymer Injecticity Test (LTPIT) in Magwa field targeting wara reservoir with inferior rock quality comparing with the previous LTPI tests implemented in Burgan Field. These multiple LTPI tests located in different areas of the Greater Burgan Field are aimed to de-risk fast-tracked phased commercial polymer-flooding deployment in pursuit of production acceleration, reserves growth and cost optimization. An existing water injector in Magwa field was selected and connected to existing effluent water plant. Down-hole pressure and temperature gauges were installed for real-time surveillance monitoring of the pilot operation. Effluent water was treated at specific criteria and then mixed with the dry polymer to form the mother solution. This solution was diluted with treated water to achieve targeted injected polymer solution viscosity. Water-polymer solutions were injected using a high pressure non-shearing reciprocating pump. Injection rates, polymer concentration and viscosity were continuously monitored along with pressure and temperature. Samples from nearby producers to detect polymer breakthrough and measure polymer concentration were collected. A commercial simulation package CMG STARS™ was utilized for numerical simulation evaluation. Pre-selected sulfonated polymer was used to evaluate injectivity in medium quality zone at multiple rates and multiple polymer concentrations under sub-fracturing conditions. The rate and concentration for full-field application were determined. Target viscosity in-situ (4.7 cp) was achieved at lower concentration (1600 ppm). BHP pressure response to different injection rate and concentration was established. Polymer injection has the potential to improve conformance and establish more uniform zonal intake of injected fluids. The results show overall good polymer injectivity under matrix condition, however, dynamic modeling results incorporating pilot test data does not provide a cost-effective development strategy when compared to other parts of greater Burgan field. The result of the Long-Term Polymer injectivity test will be further integrated to design the polymer phase development in Greater Burgan Field, de-risking the commercial polymer flood development and therefore to save cost, time, and accelerate production in Wara reservoir.