jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[3H]Ketanserin Labels Serotonin 5-HT2 and α1-Adrenergic Receptors in Human Brain Cortex

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The binding of [3H]ketanserin and [125I]BE 2254 [( beta-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylaminomethyl]tetralone) was characterized in human brain cortex membranes. As observed in saturation experiments, [3H]ketanserin (a reportedly selective serotonin 5-HT2 ligand) and [125I]BE 2254 (a selective alpha 1-adrenergic antagonists) labeled, apparently, a homogeneous class of high-affinity recognition sites. Competition experiments performed with [125I]BE 2254 and a series of 20 structurally different compounds resulted in steep and monophasic competition curves. In contrast, competition curves of these compounds for [3H]ketanserin binding were often shallow or biphasic, suggesting a heterogeneity of the sites labeled by [3H]ketanserin. In particular, alpha-adrenoceptor-selective ligands (e.g., prazosin, BE 2254, WB 4101, phentolamine) showed clearly biphasic curves displacing about 20% of [3H]ketanserin binding with nanomolar affinity. On the other hand, cinanserin, a selective 5-HT2 antagonist, showed nanomolar affinity for 80% of the sites labeled by [3H]ketanserin, and micromolar affinity for the other 20%. There was a highly significant correlation between [125I]BE 2254 binding and the minor component of [3H]ketanserin in human brain cortex membranes (r = 0.910, p less than 0.0001, n = 20). The data show that [3H]ketanserin binds in the nanomolar concentration range (1.5-1.8 nM) to both 5-HT2 and alpha 1-adrenergic receptors. Similar results were obtained in rat and pig brain membranes. The data suggest that ketanserin possesses a rather limited degree of selectivity in human tissue.
Subject Index

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO BOOKPREVSubject IndexSubject IndexDOI: 10.1021/bk-2007-0951.ix002Publication Date (Print):February 1, 2007Publication History Published online23 July 2009Published inprint 1 February 2007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSAssessing Exposures and Reducing Risks to People from the Use of Pesticidespp 271-294ACS Symposium SeriesVol. 951ISBN13: 9780841239746eISBN: 9780841220690 Copyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyChapter Views161Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSChapter Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts
Outcomes of Postoperative Overnight High-Acuity Care in Medium-Risk Patients Undergoing Elective and Unplanned Noncardiac Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Importance Postoperative complications are increasing, risking patients’ health and health care sustainability. High-acuity postoperative units may benefit outcomes, but existing data are very limited. Objective To evaluate whether a new high-acuity postoperative unit, advanced recovery room care (ARRC), reduces complications and health care utilization compared with usual ward care (UC). Design, Setting, and Participants In this observational cohort study, adults who were undergoing noncardiac surgery at a single-center tertiary adult hospital, anticipated to stay in hospital for 2 or more nights, were scheduled for postoperative ward care, and at medium risk (defined as predicted 30-day mortality of 0.7% to 5% by the National Safety Quality Improvement Program risk calculator) were included. Allocation to ARRC was based on bed availability. From 2405 patients assessed for eligibility with National Safety Quality Improvement Program risk scoring, 452 went to ARRC and 419 to UC, with 8 lost to 30-day follow-up. Propensity scoring identified 696 patients with matched pairs. Patients were treated between March and November 2021, and data were analyzed from January to September 2022. Interventions ARRC is an extended postanesthesia care unit (PACU), staffed by anesthesiologists and nurses (1 nurse to 2 patients) collaboratively with surgeons, with capacity for invasive monitoring and vasoactive infusions. ARRC patients were treated until the morning after surgery, then transferred to surgical wards. UC patients were transferred to surgical wards after usual PACU care. Main Outcome and Measures The primary end point was days at home at 30 days. Secondary end points were health facility utilization, medical emergency response (MER)–level complications, and mortality. Analyses compared groups before and after propensity scoring matching. Results Of 854 included patients, 457 (53.5%) were male, and the mean (SD) age was 70.0 (14.4) years. Days at home at 30 days was greater with ARRC compared with UC (mean [SD] time, 17 [11] vs 15 [11] days; P = .04). During the first 24 hours, more patients were identified with MER-level complications in ARRC (43 [12.4%] vs 13 [3.7%]; P &amp;lt; .001), but after return to the ward, these were less frequent from days 2 to 9 (9 [2.6%] vs 22 [6.3%]; P = .03). Length of hospital stay, hospital readmissions, emergency department visits, and mortality were similar. Conclusions and Relevance For medium-risk patients, brief high-acuity care with ARRC allowed enhanced detection and management of early MER-level complications, which was followed by a decreased incidence of subsequent MER-level complications after discharge to the ward and by increased days at home at 30 days.
Analysis of mathematical concept comprehension ability in slow learners students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Mathematical comprehension is a fundamental skill that plays a crucial role in understanding and solving problems across various mathematical topics. This study aims to analyze the mathematical comprehension abilities of slow learners in the SPLDV (Two-Variable Linear Equation System) material. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed in this study. The subjects consisted of 20 slow learners in grade VIII of SMPIT in Sukabumi Regency. Data were collected through written tests and interviews, and analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. The results indicate that students with low comprehension skills have not fully mastered the SPLDV material and can only answer questions at levels 1, 2, and 3 but do not fully meet the indicators. Students with medium comprehension skills are able to answer questions at levels 1 and 2 according to the indicators. Meanwhile, students with high comprehension skills can answer questions at levels 1, 2, and 3 while meeting the indicators. The analysis of answers and interview data reveals that students in the low, medium, and high comprehension categories demonstrate distinct indicators of mathematical comprehension ability. In conclusion, slow learners exhibit varied levels of mathematical comprehension, highlighting the need for differentiated teaching strategies to address their specific needs and enhance their understanding of SPLDV concepts.
Biomass stemmed activated carbon electrodes toward a significant electric double-layer capacitor

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The primary goal of the current study is to improve the specific capacitance of electric double-layer (EDLC) device using biomass (Tribulus Terrestris) derived activated carbon electrodes synthesized by chemical activation method. Furthermore, high surface area carbon electrodes are characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), RAMAN spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to confirm the morphological structure. Finally, the electrochemical performance of fabricated EDLC proves a good agreement data using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Low Impedance Spectroscopy (LIS), and Galvanostatic Charge–Discharge (GCD) analysis showing the high specific capacitance of 115 Fg −1 for the optimized 1:2 activated carbon material.
A note on replicating a CDS through a repo and an asset swap

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In this note we show how to replicate a stylized CDS with a repurchase agreement and an asset swap. The latter must be designed in such a way that, on default of the issuer, it is terminated with a zero close-out amount. This break clause can be priced using the well known unilateral credit/debit valuation adjustment formulas.
Introduction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter sets out the aims of this book, stating the main lines of inquiry. Next, a brief “state of the field” assessment on the historical problem of the Taiwan Strait crises will be made. It will examine how a reevaluation is pertinent with the availability of new sources and how such a new appraisal speaks about the deeper trends of historical questions of Sino-US relations. This is followed by a short content review and a discussion of the usage of Chinese and US sources.
Proportion and tumorigenetic characteristics of side population cells in gastric cancer cell lines

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To study the tumorigenetic characteristics of side population (SP) cells and their exsistence in gastric cancer cell lines and tissues.Methods Flow cytometry and the DNA-binding dye Hoechst 33342 staining were used to analyze sorted SP cells in 3 gastric cancer cell lines(SGC-7901,BCIC-823 and MKN28).SP cells and non-SP cells(main population cells)isolated from SGC-7901 cell line weresubcutaneously injected into 36 nude mice with 500,5000 or 50 000 cells per mouse,respectively.Thetumorigenity was observed 8 weeks after injection.The expression of ATP-binding cassette sub-family Gmember 2(ABCG2)mRNA in three gastric cell lines and its level in gastric cancer tissues were detected by real-time PCR and immunostaining.respectively.Results The proportion of SP cells was accounted for 1.0%in SGC-7901 cells and 1.3%in BGc-823 cells.No SP cell was found in MKN28 cells.As low as 500 SP cells or 50 000 non-SP cells could initiate tumors in mice.The expression of ABCG2 mRNA was higher in SGC-7901(0.162)and BGC-823(0.096)cell lines than that in MKN28 cell line(0.005).The value of ABCG2 mRNA/beta-aetin mRNA and protein in gastric cancer tissues was different from those in gastritis tissues.Condasimm SP cells have strong ability of tumorigenesis compared with non-SP cells.The expression of ABCG2 is found in gastric cancer tissues and part gastritis tissues.The more the SP cells in gastric cell lines,the higher the expression of ABCG2.

Key words:
Gastric cancer cell line; Side population cell; ATP-binding cassette sub-family G membr 2
Law Reform and the Family: The New South African Rape-in-Marriage Legislation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

One of the achievements of the feminist movement has been to draw attention to the violence women suffer both outside and inside the home. The ensuing debate has raised legal questions about the manner in which violence against women is policed, the definition of crimes, particularly rape, and appropriate penalties. A central issue has been the validity of the 'marital rape exemption', a legal rule found in many countries which exempts husbands from criminal prosecution for the rape of their wives. In response to arguments that the exemption is offensive to the dignity of women and provides husbands with unwarranted licence within the home, some legislatures have abolished it in recent years. In South Africa, however, draft legislation which proposed to amend rape laws so that they would protect all women, irrespective of marital status, failed to win parliamentary approval. Instead a provision was enacted which entrenched the marital rape exemption. In this paper we trace the history of the new South African rape-in-marriage provision and then, against the background of what we argue is the most coherent theory of the relationship of law, the state and the family, attempt to interpret its implications for law reform initiatives. We take the view that the law is not simply an embodiment of patriarchal values or a mask for male power; nor is it impervious to calls for change. And, on the basis of these contentions, we explore some of the ways in which women might use the process of law reform to achieve feminist goals.
Real-time optimal scheduling for prosumers resilient to regulatory changes

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

<p>The last decade marked an exponential increase in photovoltaic (PV) systems installed on the rooftop of domestic residences within Europe. This situation was basically favored by generous financial schemes such as Feed-in-Tariff and the market of green certificates. However, such governmental incentives drastically reduced, or they were already replaced with net-metering schemes which favor different scenarios: increase of self-consumption and decrease of grid-back injections. This unstable regulatory environment puts both new and old owners of PV systems under a regulatory financial risk. Recently, a regulatory resilient architecture, called UniRCon, was proposed, to overcome both financial and technical regulation uncertainties, where local battery energy storage system plays a key role. Besides the architecture we propose a real-time energy management system (EMS) that could be used for the daily operation of such systems. The real-time EMS is needed to prove the feasibility of this solution in short and long run and it could be also used as the main subroutine in the financial risk analysis. The EMS is based on a mixed-integer linear programming energy management tool that considers possible arbitrage benefits due to price difference in the energy purchased from the grid, while explicitly considering the efficiency of the power electronic interfaces (converters) according to the operation point. We prove our approach using a lab-scale experimental setup of a DC residential microgrid. The results are analyzed under realistic operation scenarios derived from one-year load and PV power output measurements.</p>
Developmental trajectories of children with Down syndrome by socio‐economic status: the case of Latin America

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Background Several studies show that socio‐economic status (SES) is related to the developmental trajectories of children with typical development (TD). However, few studies have analysed this relationship regarding children with neurodevelopmental disorders such as Down syndrome (DS). In this paper, we analyse the impact of SES in the neurodevelopmental trajectories of children with DS in comparison with children with TD. Method Cognitive, language, motor and socio‐emotional development were assessed in 31 children with DS between the ages of 15 and 80 months from high to low SES backgrounds. Data from this group were compared with data from a sample of 72 children with TD randomly selected from the Longitudinal Survey of Early Childhood. We analyse and compare these two groups using the developmental trajectories method Results The results show delayed onsets for the four abilities measured in children with DS compared with children with TD from high to low SES. In the comparison of the developmental trajectories, we found that the differences between the neurodevelopmental trajectories in DS and TD vary according to SES. High SES show differences only in language development, while low SES show significant differences in cognitive, language and socio‐emotional development. Conclusions The results indicate that SES is a factor that could impact the developmental trajectories of children with DS. Although the differences between children with DS and with TD are similar at the beginning regardless of SES, the developmental trajectories are slower in children with DS of low SES than in children of high SES. We argue that the differences are related to the complex interaction of several biological and cultural factors associated with SES. Some specific hypotheses about nutrition, health care access, quality of education and parenting practices are presented, but more research in this area is needed to fully understand these results.
Fucosyltransferases: Differential plasma and tissue alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To determine whether abnormal metabolism of l-fucose in hepatocellular carcinoma is accompanied by alterations in the activities of fucosyltransferases, the latter were determined in plasma and liver tissue of patients with this disease and in cirrhotic and normal subjects. Activities of α-2/α-3 and α-6-l -fucosyltransferases were all significantly greater in plasma from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma than in plasma from cirrhotic patients or normal subjects (p < 0.025). The activity of each enzyme was dependent, to a similar extent, on Mn 2+ , Mg 2+ and triton X-10, irrespective of the source, and all displayed pH optimums in the range of 7.5 to 8.0. In contrast, activities of α-2/α-3 fucosyltransferases were significantly lower (p < 0.025) in homogenates prepared from tumorous liver tissue than in that prepared from nontumorous tissue from hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhotic patients, whereas for the α-6 enzyme the situation was reversed (typically, tumor tissue levels were 5 pmol/hr/mg; in nontumor tissue they were 2 pmol/hr/mg). Activities of galactosyl and mannosyltransferase in tumor tissue were greater in all cases than in nontumor cirrhotic tissue. Plasma fucosyltransferases are specifically elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma but different mechanisms appear to underlie the changes seen for α-2/α-3 and α-6-l-fucosyltransferases. (Hepatology 1991;13:683-688.)
Molecular pathology and haplotype analysis of Wilson disease in Mediterranean populations.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We analyzed mutations and defined the chromosomal haplotype in 127 patients and Mediterranean descent who were affected by Wilson disease (WD), 39 Sardinians, 49 Italians, 33 Turks, and 6 Albanians. Haplotypes were derived by use of the microsatellite markers D13S301, D13S296, D13S297, and D13S298, which are linked to the WD locus. There were five common haplotypes in Sardinians, three in Italians, and two in Turks, which accounted for 85%, 32%, and 30% of the WD chromosomes, respectively. We identified 16 novel mutations: 8 frameshifts, 7 missense mutations, and 1 splicing defect. In addition, we detected the previously described mutations: 2302insC, 3404delC, Arg1320ter, Gly944-Ser, and His1070Gin. Of the new mutations detected. two, the 1515insT on haplotype I and 2464delC on haplotype XVI, accounted for 6% and 13%, respectively, of the mutations in WD chromosomes in the Sardinian population. Mutations H1070Q, 2302insC, and 2533delA represented 13%, 8%, and 8%, respectively, of the mutations in WD chromosomes in other Mediterranean populations. The remaining mutations were rare and limited to one or two patients from different populations. Thus, WD results from some frequent mutations and many rare defects.
Bipyridylacetylenes 1: the synthesis of some bipyridylacetylenes via the palladium-catalyzed coupling of acetylenes with 2,2′-dibromobipyridyl, and the single crystal X-ray structure of 6,6′-bisphenylethynyl-2,2′-bipyridine

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The synthesis of a series of 6,6′-diethynyl-2,2′-bipyridyls from the palladium-catalyzed coupling of 6,6′-dibromo-2,2′-bipyridine with a series of arylacetylenes is reported. The single crystal X-ray structure of 6,6′-phenylethynyl-2,2′-bipyridyl was determined. Crystal data: monoclinic, A2/a, with cell constants a = 10.0385(4), b = 9.2166(4), c = 21.4130(8) Å, and β = 102.981(3)°; D calc . = 1.226 g cm −3 , Z = 4, R f = 0.045, S = 1.22, using 886 reflections of the 1443 unique reflections. The packing diagram indicates essentially that the molecules pack in a layered assembly with the nitrogen atoms of the dipyridyl groups on opposite sides and with a dihedral angle of 59.85(16)° between the pyridyl and phenyl groups. The acetylenic bond distances are normal. Key words: acetylene, palladium, catalysis, coupling, monomers, crystal structure.
SIGNIFICANCE OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION IN ADDRESSING THE IMPACT DUE TO WEED INFESTATION ON MAJOR CROPS IN DISTRICT BAJAUR KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The current study investigated the impact of weeds on major seasonal crops in district Bajaur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The aim was to know the prevailing weed management system and encourage the farmers to integrate cultural practices with chemical control measures. A three stage stratified sampling technique was adopted to collect data from the selected respondents of through a well-designed interview schedule. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS v 20) was used to analyze the primary cross-sectional data and the obtained findings were depicted in tables and figures. Descriptive statistics revealed that majority of the respondents i.e. 31.3% were of middle age with 63.9% illiteracy rate and 60.8% reported living in household size of 10 and above family members. Echinocloa crus-galli was the most invasive among Kharif weeds as reported by 26% respondents, while among Rabi weeds, Convolvulus arvensis was the most reported weed as mentioned by 21% respondents. The study established that maize and wheat are the main crops impacted by Kharif and Rabi weeds respectively, where mechanical weeding was the most applied control method adopted by 51.8% respondents, followed by chemical (42.2%) and manual weeding (6%) in the study area. Study observed a significant decrease in crops yield due to various weeds found in farmers’ fields. Effective extension services are needed to encourage farmers integrate cultural practices with chemical control management in order to get better crop yield and avoid environmental and human health hazards.
Study on Spatial–Temporal Patterns and Factors Influencing Human Settlement Quality in Beijing

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Human settlements lay the basis for urban sustainable development and embody comprehensive urban competitiveness. Based on data from the period 2010–2019, the entropy value method, global spatial correlation, and local spatial correlation are adopted to systematically analyze the overall level and spatial–temporal pattern of human settlement quality in Beijing. In particular, this study sought to uncover the factors that influence human settlement quality in Beijing by using the panel data model. The results show that the quality of human settlements in Beijing has generally followed an upward trend, with slow growth and a slight decline since 2017. Despite significant spatial positive correlations and stable local spatial self-correlation, the spatial difference is still evident, and regional correlation needs further improvement. Medical resources, economic development, public services, governance investment, and infrastructure are significantly and positively correlated with human settlement quality, while population growth is significantly and negatively correlated with it. Based on this study, specific recommendations are proposed which can be used as a reference for Beijing and other cities’ human settlement construction and its improvement.
NONRELATIVISTIC LAMB-SHIFT CALCULATIONS FOR S-STATES OF HYDROGENIC ATOMS

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

It is shown, for the first time to our knowledge, that the Lamb shift for S-states of hydrogenic atoms can be almost completely calculated by applying the methods of nonrelativistic quantum electrodynamics and without using the Dirac equation and the second quantization for the electron. By taking into account the spin-radiation-field interaction the Lamb shift to order of α 5 is calculated for different S-states.