jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors I and II produce distinct alterations in glucose metabolism in 3T3-F442A adipocytes.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In 3T3-F442A adipocytes, human growth hormone (hGH) stimulates glucose oxidation in 4 hr. A maximal increase is evident at hGH concentrations of 50-100 ng/ml and rarely exceeds 50% above control. The stimulation is transient; after 48 hr of incubation with GH, glucose oxidation is significantly suppressed to 35% below control values. In view of the concept that insulin-like growth factors (IGF) may mediate the effects of GH, we compared the effects of hGH (500 ng/ml) and several preparations of IGF on glucose metabolism in 3T3 adipocytes. After 4 hr of incubation, IGF-I from human plasma stimulated glucose oxidation in a dose-related manner, producing a 10-fold increase at 50 ng/ml. Methionyl-IGF-I produced by recombinant DNA techniques was 85-88% as effective as IGF-I. IGF-II stimulated glucose oxidation 3-fold at 50 ng/ml after 4 hr of incubation. In contrast to the suppression observed with hGH after 48 hr, all three of the IGF preparations stimulated glucose oxidation after 48 hr of incubation and were as effective as they were after 4 hr. When each of the IGF preparations was tested (at 5 ng/ml) in combination with hGH, both the stimulatory and suppressive effects of GH were superimposed on the stimulation by the IGFs. Thus, the stimulatory properties of IGF differed from those of GH in that the maximum extent to which IGF increased glucose oxidation, compared with hGH, was as much as 20-fold greater. Furthermore, all of the IGF preparations stimulated glucose oxidation after 48 hr under conditions in which hGH suppressed glucose metabolism. Thus, it is unlikely that extracellular IGFs mediate the effects of hGH on glucose metabolism in 3T3-F442A adipocytes.
Modeling Pulse Transmission in the Monterey Bay Using Parabolic Equation Methods

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Acoustic tomography signal transmissions in the Monterey Bay is modelled using the time-domain parabolic equation method of Collins and Westwood (1991). Comparison of the model output with the measured arrival structures obtained in Monterey Bay in 1988 shows that this Fourier synthesis can produce good agreement with data. Furthermore, identification of the measured modal arrivals is possible by decomposing the PE model output into individual normal modes. Modal identification provides for the application of tomography in shallow water.
Job satisfaction and associated factors among psychiatric nurses in tertiary psychiatric hospitals: Results from a nationwide cross‐sectional study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aims To investigate the job satisfaction among psychiatric nurses in China and to explore its associated factors. Design A cross‐sectional survey among a nationwide sample from 32 tertiary psychiatric hospitals in 29 provincial capitals in China. Methods Nurses ( N = 9.907) were targeted for this survey in December 2017. In all, 8,493 responded (response rate = 85.7%) and 7,881 (79.5%) were included in the analysis. An online questionnaire was used to collect demographics and factors related to the work environment. The short version of the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire was used to assess job satisfaction. Multilevel regression was used to examine the association between job satisfaction and these factors. Results The mean job satisfaction score was 73.7. The multiple regression analysis indicated that self‐rated health, monthly income, medical liability insurance coverage, perceived respect from patients, social recognition, nurse–physician collaboration, and trust were significantly associated with higher job satisfaction scores, while age, work hours, and directly experiencing patient‐initiated violence were negatively associated with job satisfaction ( p < .05). Conclusion Overall, Chinese psychiatric nurses are closer to satisfied than neutral and some demographics and factors related to stressful work environments were associated with nurses’ job satisfaction scores. Impact This study examined factors associated with the job satisfaction of Chinese psychiatric nurses in a nationwide sample and indicated that to improve nurses’ job satisfaction, the government and hospital administrators could consider ways to promote nurses’ personal health and to modify the stressful work environments, such as improving income, reducing work hours, promoting the psychiatric nursing specialty in ways that increase the public's respect for it, increasing awareness of medical liability insurance coverage, and protecting nurses from patients’ violence.
Multicomponent Approach to Homo- and Hetero-Multivalent Glycomimetics Bearing Rare Monosaccharides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

We applied a multicomponent approach to access a library of densely functionalized homo- and hetero-multivalent glycomimetics comprising aldehyde, amine, and isocyanide components related to isopropylidene-protected d-fructose, l-sorbose, d-galactose, and d-allose. Passerini products were obtained in very good yields (up to 78%) and high diastereoselectivities (up to 98:2). Three types of products were obtained by the Ugi reaction; along with the "classical" four-component product, α-acylaminoamides, a three-component α-aminoamides, and a four- component α-aminoacylamides were isolated. The presence of multiple pathways is rationalized by the structure of the imidate intermediate, mainly influenced by the amine component.
EFL curriculum implementation in primary schools in South Sulawesi Province in Indonesia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This mixed-methods study investigated South Sulawesi primary EFL teachers’ understanding of and attitudes towards the National Curriculum Framework (NCF), the basis of school curriculum development. It explored its influence on teachers’ teaching methods and the impact of EFL status as Local Content (LC) subject on their teaching. It revealed that teachers have an understanding of the NCF, most adhered to it, their methods complied with the recommended approach, and were aware of LC requirements.
Lignans from Schisandra chinensis rattan stems suppresses primary Aβ1-42-induced microglia activation via NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Microglia cells play important roles in neurodegenerative diseases for clearing amyloid-β and reducing the occurrence of inflammation. In this study, the neuroinflammatory effect and the mechanism of lignans from Schisandra chinensis rattan stems (rsSCH-L) were evaluated by Aβ1-42-induced primary microglia cell model. The results have shown that rsSCH-L could reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α and NO. Moreover, rsSCH-L suppressed the phosphorylations of NF-κB and IκBα as well as p38, JNK and ERK proteins in Aβ1-42-induced microglia cells. Taken together, rsSCH-L could attenuate microglia cells from neuroinflammation by activating the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway.
<title>3D virtual colonoscopy with real-time volume rendering</title>

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In our previous work, we developed a virtual colonoscopy system on a high-end 16-processor SGI Challenge with an expensive hardware graphics accelerator. The goal of this work is to port the system to a low cost PC in order to increase its availability for mass screening. Recently, Mitsubishi Electric has developed a volume-rendering PC board, called VolumePro, which includes 128 MB of RAM and vg500 rendering chip. The vg500 chip, based on Cube-4 technology, can render a 2563 volume at 30 frames per second. High image quality of volume rendering inside the colon is guaranteed by the full lighting model and 3D interpolation supported by the vg500 chip. However, the VolumePro board is lacking some features required by our interactive colon navigation. First, VolumePro currently does not support perspective projection which is paramount for interior colon navigation. Second, the patient colon data is usually much larger than 2563 and cannot be rendered in real-time. In this paper, we present our solutions to these problems, including simulated perspective projection and axis aligned boxing techniques, and demonstrate the high performance of our virtual colonoscopy system on low cost PCs.
Biowarfare scare: Pakistani judges under threat from suspicious substance

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

On 2 April 2024, Islamabad High Court and Supreme Court judges in Pakistan received threatening letters laced with an unknown substance, which was later alleged to be bacillus anthracis. This event marked the third possible occasion where bacillus anthracis has been weaponised in Pakistan. Worldwide, bacillus anthracis has been weaponised at least ten times prior to this suspected event. Whilst anthrax is endemic in parts of Pakistan and there are biosafety level 3 laboratories in the country there is the possibility that bacillus anthracis spores could have been harvested or acquired in the country. However, with limited information and no official confirmation from international sources, significant uncertainty remains around the unknown substance being anthrax. Determining the true nature of the attack will require unfettered access to the country for a thorough examination of whether it was anthrax and, if so, how anthrax was weaponised. This attack with a potentially lethal substance underscores the critical importance of robust biosecurity measures.
Reaction Behavior of Ca-Loaded Highly Reactive Coke

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Usage of highly reactive coke in order to decrease the thermal reserve zone temperature in a blast furnace is considered promising to increase the reaction efficiency in the blast furnace and to decrease the reducing agent rate. In order to develop a new method to produce highly reactive coke by adding a Ca catalyst other than Ca-rich coal, in this paper, firstly the effects of Ca compounds pre-addition to coal on coke qualities were investigated. It was shown that carbonizing the mixture of coal and Ca compounds (CaO, CaCO3) greatly increased coke reactivity and that it was possible to produce Ca-loaded highly reactive coke with high coke strength by adding 3% of Ca compounds under such conditions as high strength coke was produced. Furthermore, the reaction behavior of Ca-loaded highly reactive coke when mixed with conventional coke in the presence of an alkali was investigated. It was shown that when a mixture of Ca-loaded highly reactive coke and conventional coke was heated in a reaction gas, Ca-loaded coke selectively and preferentially reacted. It was also confirmed that Ca acted as catalyst in the existence of K. This shows that the reactivity of Ca-loaded coke is higher than that of conventional coke in an actual blast furnace whereby coke reactivity is promoted by condensed alkali vapor.
Carbamazepine Induced Myocarditis in an Epileptic Adolescent: A Rare Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle with on histological examination an infiltrate of inflammatory cells and signs of myocyte necrosis. Our case illustrates a toxic myocarditis secondary to the intake of carbamazepine with a good improvement during the evolution which makes the case rare. We report a case of 16 years old female, recently diagnosed with epilepsy treated with carbamazepine admitted to the cardiology department for chest pain and shortness of breath. On admission, the patient was haemodynamically stable. The dosage of ultrasensitive troponins was very high on admission, indicating myocyte necrosis that could probably be related to myocarditis confirmed by cardiac MRI. After diagnostic confirmation, an etiological assessment was performed, revealing a skin eruption with the presence of multiple adenopathies and hypereosinophilia on the biological assessment falling within the framework of a DRESS syndrome (drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms) in connection with the taking of carbamazepine. The evolution of the patient was good with regression of the symptoms under medical treatment and clinical echocardiographic monitoring. Keep in mind that myocarditis can mimic an acute coronary syndrome and that MRI has become an essential diagnostic tool for confirmatory diagnosis. The etiology of the myocarditis will be sought in a second step, essential for the specific treatment according to the incriminated cause. It is always necessary to look for a notion of drug intake which can be incriminated as a cause of myocarditis.
Serum deprivation enhances DNA synthesis of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells*

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

AIM:To determine the relationship between serum deprivation or serum levels and cell proliferation of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells.METHODS:Human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells were grown in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS)in 5% CO(2) incubator at 37&mgr; for 24h, and culture media were replaced to serum-free or different serum FCS levels (2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20% and 25%). Six h,12h,18h and 24h after the culture,the cells were incorporated &mgr;(3)H&mgr;-TdR for 4h. At last &mgr;(3)H&mgr;-TdR incorpor-ation was detected with liquid scintillation counting.RESULTS:DNA synthesis of SMMC-7721 cells could be sharply stimulated by short-time (6h) serum deprivation (the cpm value of (3)H-TdR incorporation of cells in serum-free was 39.32-fold higher than cells in 25% serum),and the incorporation of (3)H-TdR was negatively related to the serum levels.Longer-time serum starvation (12h, 18h and 24h) also greatly stimulated DNA synthesis, although the cpm value of (3)H-TdR incroporation was less than that in 6h serum deprivation. Morphology of cells cultured in different serum levels also showed significant difference.CONCLUSION:Compared with other cell lines such as BEL7404 and Swiss 3T3,human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells had different response to the serum deprivation.Short-time serum deprivation could greatly stimulate DNA synthesis of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells.Precautions must be given to the changes of serum levels for the detection of growth factors and drugs using SMMC-7721 cells as a model.
Celebrating JTN's 30th Anniversary and Grit

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Center, Ann Arbor. Correspondence: Judy N. Mikhail, PhD, MBA, RN, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Center, Bldg 16, Rm 142E, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 ([email protected]). Dates: Submitted October 28, 2022; Accepted, October 28, 2022. The author declares no conflicts of interest.
Sensorial, physicist-chemistries and microbiological analyses of samples of honeys produced for Apis mellifera in the region of the Cocais Maranhenses, Maranhão State, Brazil

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This work had as objective to proceed sensorial analyses, microbiological physical-chemistries and, of comparative form, the honeys, collected for the producers and researcher, of mellifera Apis bee of the cities of Codó and Itapecuru-Mirim, pertaining to the region of the Cocais, Maranhao State. It observed in the first, collected in such a way for the producer how much for the researcher, presented a bigger water text (average humidity of 21,05%) when compared with the second (20.98%), making it difficult its storage, therefore the high water text of the product diminishes its useful life of shelf. For total acidity, the value highest was for the honey produced in Codó (79.19% to 91.80% b), when compared with the honey produced in Itapecuru-Mirim (37.78% to 48.36% b), what it can be explained by the temperature difference, being higher in Codó, For the values of pH the honey of Itapecuru_Mirim was gotten presenting lower value (3,2). For reducing sugars, the honey of Itapecuru - Mirim it presented average of next values (64.14% b - 64.20%) to the demanded minimum as standard. For the values of sacarose the samples of Codó, had presented minors average values of (23.59% b 24.29%); in the parameter you sweeten totals the samples of Itapecuru_Mirim presented greater average index (93,73). For the HMF analyses the samples of Codó had presented average values (67,77a the 76,33b). For the too much studied parameters it did not have significant difference between treatments.
MODERN DIRECTIONS AND PERSPECTIVES OF USING MEDICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In this article, the main issues of the use of modern information computer technologies in the processing and statistical analysis of medical and biological data are presented to the students of the medical university in Microsoft Word text editor, Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, materials for performing practical work on medical informatics, environment and database management. system Microsoft Access data, Paint.Net graphic editor, global Internet, material for medical university students to perform practical work on the basics of statistics in the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet environment interns, graduate students, clinical residents, graduate students, students of advanced training courses and practicing doctors data for
Disulfide bond formation in the eye lens.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The disposition and disposal of the -SH groups of the lens during aging and cataractogenesis have been investigated by laser Raman spectroscopy as a noninvasive microprobe in the intact living lens. In this procedure -SH and -S-S- give unique discrete Raman signals (at 2580 and 508 cm-1) that may be used to calculate relative concentrations in a very small volume of the lens. We present evidence showing an unexpected and remarkable difference with respect to these groups between the mouse lens and the lenses of guinea pig and man. The mouse lens nucleus exhibits a precipitous fall in the -SH concentration on aging from 1 to 6 months; concomitantly, there is a rise in -S-S- of comparable magnitude, indicating a direct conversion. The guinea pig lens, however, is quite different with respect to the age-dependent change in nuclear -S-S-: there is none between 6 months and 5 years. In the human lens -S-S- behaves exactly as in the guinea pig lens: the level is low and does not change with age between 9 and 65 years. With respect to nuclear -SH, these two latter species of lenses show some decrease with age but nothing like the approach to zero found in the aging mouse lens nucleus. These differences involving lenticular -SH and -S-S- appear to be correlated with the hard nucleus in the mouse lens and the softer nuclei of lenses in guinea pigs and humans. The relatively high level of -S-S- in the old but clear mouse lens does not support the idea that protein aggregation involving formation of intermolecular -S-S- bonds is necessarily an important cause of nuclear cataract. The small but significant age-related depression of -SH in guinea pig lens nuclei without any accumulation of -S-S- may be explained as a result of glutathione (GSH) oxidation and subsequent extrusion of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) by the lens. We propose that the oxidation of glutathione proceeds by reaction with protein disulfide groups to yield protein sulfhydryl (PSH) and a mixed disulfide of glutathione and protein; the mixed disulfide is capable of being reduced by glutathione reductase and NADPH, yielding the original PSH and GSSG, which is extruded from the lens. It remains to be determined if this mechanism is more active in guinea pig and human lenses than in the mouse lens.
Is Screening for Uterine Cancers an Opportunity to Reduce Cancer's Burden Among Populations With Disparities? [40G]

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: We sought to compare cancers currently screened for and uterine cancers (UC) due to its relative ascendancy in incidence, using a vanguard of contemporary cancer risk with high non-communicable disease rates (American Samoa [AS]), as a demonstration project in a population with disparities. METHODS: Public access de-identified databases covering the entire national population of AS over several time periods. RESULTS: The annualized incidence of UC increased from 21/100,000 women/year (2004) to 50 (2011) to 60 (2015) and eclipsed breast, colon, and skin since 2011. Gynecologic cancers were the leading cause of cancer death among women after lung since approximately 2014. UC was the leading cause of gynecologic deaths (1.6x greater than ovarian or cervical) and was 33% more likely to be diagnosed than breast cancer, 3.8x greater than colon, 4.6x cervical, 7.7x ovarian, and 23x lung. Compared to mainland incidence, uterine was 2.3x and cervical 1.5x greater on AS. In a recent 24-month period, there were 33 UCs among 291 biopsies for abnormal bleeding (PPV 33/291 11.3%). The median age was 55 with 25% <50 years old; BMI-38.2 with 95% > 30; and 33.3% grade 3. CONCLUSION: This may be the first report of UC being the leading cause of cancer death in any population. UC has similar characteristics to currently screened cancers with an incidence in this high-risk population just under breast and prostate, but ahead of lung and colon. An enriched population, eg, BMI combined with age, especially with disparities, could benefit most from changes in screening strategy and management.
restoration of a lying lion (face)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The ‘Lying Lion’ sculpture is one of two statues situated in an antithetical order in the foreground of the main entrance of the Radziwiłł Palace in Nieborów. It was sculpted probably by Johann Georg Plersch's workshop in the 18th century. The figures of lions were not designed for the Palace in Niebrów. They were purchased after the first world war from the Tyszkiewicz family estate in Landwarów. Later the lion was brought to the Faculty of Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art, Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw, Poland for its restoration. This dataset is presented in the article "Approach for Identification of Geometry Change on Cultural Heritage Surface" (https://library.imaging.org/ei/articles/33/18/art00005)
Nutritional versatility of a starch-utilizing Flavobacterium at low substrate concentrations

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

A starch-utilizing yellow-pigmented bacterium, isolated from tap water, was tested for the utilization of 64 natural compounds at a concentration of 1 g/liter by measuring colony growth on agar media. Only 12 carbohydrates and glycerol promoted growth. Growth experiments with the organism in pasteurized tap water supplied with mixtures of substrates at concentrations of 1 or 10 micrograms of C of each substrate per liter, followed by separate experiments with a number of carbohydrates at 10 micrograms of C per liter showed that of these 64 natural compounds only sucrose, maltose, raffinose, starch, and glycerol promoted growth at very low concentrations. Also maltotriose, -tetraose, -pentaose, -hexaose, and stachyose, which were not included in the mixtures, enhanced growth, and generation times of 3 to 5 h at 10 micrograms of C per liter were observed. The organism, which was tentatively identified as a Flavobacterium species, thus appeared to be highly specialized in the utilization of glycerol and a number of oligo- and polysaccharides at very low concentrations.