jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Lifelong Robot Library Learning: Bootstrapping Composable and Generalizable Skills for Embodied Control with Language Models

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a new paradigm for embodied reasoning and control, most recently by generating robot policy code that utilizes a custom library of vision and control primitive skills. However, prior arts fix their skills library and steer the LLM with carefully handcrafted prompt engineering, limiting the agent to a stationary range of addressable tasks. In this work, we introduce LRLL, an LLM-based lifelong learning agent that continuously grows the robot skill library to tackle manipulation tasks of ever-growing complexity. LRLL achieves this with four novel contributions: 1) a soft memory module that allows dynamic storage and retrieval of past experiences to serve as context, 2) a self-guided exploration policy that proposes new tasks in simulation, 3) a skill abstractor that distills recent experiences into new library skills, and 4) a lifelong learning algorithm for enabling human users to bootstrap new skills with minimal online interaction. LRLL continuously transfers knowledge from the memory to the library, building composable, general and interpretable policies, while bypassing gradient-based optimization, thus relieving the learner from catastrophic forgetting. Empirical evaluation in a simulated tabletop environment shows that LRLL outperforms end-to-end and vanilla LLM approaches in the lifelong setup while learning skills that are transferable to the real world. Project material will become available at the webpage https://gtziafas.github.io/LRLL_project/.
Implementation of an Oral Health Toolkit for Elementary School Physical Education Teachers Serving Hawai'i Public Schools

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Children in Hawai’i demonstrate the highest rates of oral caries in the nation due to multitude of factors, such as a lack of appropriate funding or education, absence of fluoridation in water systems, no local dental schools, and racial/ethnic/socioeconomic disparities. This quality improvement project aimed to increase confidence and knowledge levels in an educator in delivering oral health education to students and to also increase oral health exposure to students within an elementary public-school through the utilization of modules based on the American Dental Association. A training session was held with the participant to review the toolkit materials and method of teaching delivery. Levels of confidence, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs surrounding the sustainability and effectiveness of the oral health toolkit were measured in the participant with pre-and-post surveys for comparative data. Oral health knowledge and learning retention performance for the students were also measured using responses from student module worksheets. Results indicated a 20% improvement effect in confidence levels in delivering oral health education to students in the participant, and an average of 80% performance in knowledge and learning retention for the students who participated in the learning modules. Although speculative, results from this small quality improvement project demonstrated that the oral health toolkit was effective at increasing confidence levels in teaching oral health education. Student responses demonstrate that there is a significant need to promote oral health among schoolchildren. Expansion of the toolkit to other schools are necessary in order to generalize the findings beyond this project sample while also allowing opportunities to assist educators in reducing oral health disparities in school-age children.
HIV/AIDS and oral health: Sri Lankan context

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Oral manifestations are used as diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic markers of HIV: Some being characteristic while others are indicative. Oral presentation of HIV patients depends on many factors and varies with geographic location, demographics and culture: a fact not studied for Sri Lanka. \n\nObjective: To evaluate the oral presentation of HIV patients under care in Sri Lanka\n\nMethods: 129 known HIV cases presenting for treatment at ART clinic Colombo selected; consent obtained; interview and clinical examination conducted by a qualified & registered Dentist.\n\nResults: Sample- males-77(60%): females-52(40%), average age- 41.6 years, 80% ever married, 77.5% currently employed and 98.5% having formal education. On average sample was 4.9 years post diagnosis and 78% were on ART- average treatment duration 3.5 years. Majority of the sample presented with satisfactory oral hygiene (&gt;85%). Average Decayed Missing Filled Teeth index (DMFT) was 9.4 teeth: D-3.0, M-5.8, F-0.6 with 13.5% having dental prosthesis. Many 57(44%) showed soft tissue lesions averaging 0.57 lesions per person: HIV Gingivitis and Necrotizing Periodontitis were low at- 3(2%) and 10(8%); 18(14%) Linear Gingival Erythema; 17(13%) Candidiasis; 17(13%) Angular Cheilitis; 5(4%) ulceration; 1(0.8%) Leukoplakia; and 5(4%) geographic tongue. Oral pigmentation was present among 31(24%) while 27(21%) presented with coated tongue.\nThe mean CD4 count was significantly different (p&lt;0.05) among cases with (mean= 398) and without (mean= 452) oral lesions. \n\nConclusion: Oral soft tissue and hard tissue lesions are common among the sample thus, deserves more respect during patient management.
Psittacosis Vaccines Prepared from Chick Embryo Tissues

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Summary Psittacosis (strain 6 BC) vaccines have been prepared which, following 3 intraäbdominal injections of 0.5 ml each, protected 75 percent or more mice against intraäbdominal challenges of 10,000 to 1,000,000 LD50 of the virus, and conferred definite protection against small challenges (1 to 10 MLD) by the respiratory and intracerebral routes. The best vaccines were prepared from infected yolk-sacs by a procedure which involved lyophilization prior to ether extraction. Such vaccines were extremely rich in elementary bodies. The immunizing potency of vaccines appeared to be related to their elementary body content. The complement-fixing antigenic titer of vaccines appeared to have no relation to immunizing potency.
Implementation Fidelity of Gender Based Violence Screening among Health Care Providers in the Health Care Facilities of Dodoma Region, Tanzania

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The Gender Based Violence (GBV) screening rate among health care providers is low despite the strategies to initiate GBV screening set by the Ministry of Health in Tanzania through implementation fidelity.This proposed study is an attempt to fill the gap by determining the GBV screening Implementation Fidelity, focusing on adherence to Protocols and Procedures in implementing GBV screening and factors affecting adherence to the implementation fidelity of GBV screening among the health care providers in the health facilities of Dodoma Region.Method: This was an analytical crosssectional study; quantitative approach.A multi-stage sampling technique was applied to obtain 384 healthcare providers.The Interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from healthcare providers in health facilities of the Dodoma Region.SPSS was used for the analysis of descriptive statistics to determine the level of adherence, and logistic regression for factors affecting adherence to GBV screening.Objective: The objective is to assess the implementation fidelity of GBV screening among healthcare providers in the healthcare facilities of the Dodoma Region.Results: Doctors and nurses who were not trained on GBV screening were 305 (79.4%).There is a low level of adherence to the implementation fidelity of GBV screening among the health care providers in the Dodoma Region, where by 16.4% (63) adhered to GBV screening.Those who were not trained were less likely to adherence GBV screening practices compared to those who were trained (AOR = 0.206, p < 0.0001).Nurses were less likely to adhere to GBV screening practices in reference to the doctors (AOR = 0.46, p = 0.037).Those who disagreed with the statement that there were few opportunities to speak with women, were more likely to adhere to GBV screening practices (AOR = 2.8, p How to cite this paper:
Offline signature verification using deep learning method

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

One of the most challenging biometric authentication problems in recent years that we experience in daily life is signature verification. Signature verification systems are classified into two main approaches: offline systems and online systems. The offline signature verification systems are more difficult than the online systems since online systems have further information, such as velocity of writing, motion style and pen pressure, which allow for extracting of more features. This paper presents a deep learning method based on using the convolutional neural network (CNN) model for solving the offline signature verification problem to prevent the process of faking signatures that thieves practice. The CNN model was applied for extracting features and classifying whether the signature is genuine or forged. Our proposed method succeeded in achieving an accuracy of 94.73% on CEDAR dataset by using two types of signatures: genuine signatures and skilled forged signatures to test the performance of the system, which indicates that the method was effective and it can be supported by more feature extractors to get better results.
Towards an integrative framework of conflict-handling behaviour: integrating Western and Chinese perspectives

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Following in the footsteps of Frances Brew and the late Kwok Leung (1958–2015), we attempt to further integrate the Western dual-concern model of conflict and the Chinese dual-motive model of harmony. Our integrative framework of conflict-handling behaviour is designed to be more comprehensive in its coverage of conflict-handling styles than the integrative model developed by Brew in 2007, and more symmetric in its treatment of the Western and Chinese perspectives than the integrative model jointly developed by Leung and Brew in 2009. In developing our alternative integrative model, we try to take a further step in the process of universalization of an indigenous Chinese theory.
Contributions of doctoral training at MSU: reflections and a tribute to Professor Cavusgil

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Among all the pieces of work I have written, this is most likely to be a chapter with the deepest meaning at a personal level. Being invited to the symposium on MSU Contributions to Research in International Business and Innovation held on May 7–9, 2008 at Kellogg Center on the beautiful Michigan State University (MSU) campus in East Lansing, MI was a big honor for me to start with. Secondly, it gave me the opportunity to reflect back on my days at MSU which both my family and myself remember with great joy and excitement. Lastly, but most importantly, it was a lifetime chance to pay partial gratitude to my mentor, Prof. Tamer Cavusgil, as well as my professors and colleagues at the Department of Marketing at Eli Broad College of Business, the International Business Center (IBC) – home to MSU CIBER, and University Apartments Residence Life (UARL) at MSU.
A Community College Approach to Increase Student Completion: A Case Study of Change Initiatives at Bergen Community College

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The intent of this study is to explore the actions and strategies used by the administration at Bergen Community College to serve its institutional mission in increasing student completion. Facing challenges in low completion rate, Bergen Community College began the student completion initiative to develop a strategy that would best serve the institution. As the student completion initiative grew, and momentum began to build, the change agents expanded beyond the key administrators, faculty, and staff that held an initial role in the project to also include those that actively sought to participate. Bergen was able to successfully implement change in their processes, and how the institution and stakeholders holistically treat graduation. By making decisions based on graduation data analysis, implementing practice and process changes, targeting student outreach, and continually promoting graduation, more students are completing a credential. Bergen has surpassed their goal of increasing their graduation rate by 25% by 2018. Additionally, this model was executed at a relatively low cost by utilizing existing resources and human capital. Therefore, similar institutions can replicate this model to ensure that eligible students receive the degree or certificate they have earned.
Effect of changes in oscillatory amplitude on Paco2 and Pao2 during high frequency oscillatory ventilation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

AIMS To describe the relation between oscillatory amplitude changes and arterial blood gas (ABG) changes in preterm infants receiving high frequency oscillatory ventilation, using a multiparameter intra-arterial sensor (MPIAS). METHODS Continuous MPIAS ABG data were collected after amplitude changes and stratified according to F io 2 : high (> 0.4) or low (< 0.3). For each amplitude change, the maximum change (from baseline) in Pa co 2 and Pa o 2 over the following 30 minutes was determined. In total, 64 oscillatory amplitude changes were measured in 21 infants (median birth weight 1040 g; gestation 27 weeks). RESULTS All amplitude increases produced Pa co 2 falls (median −0.98 and −1.13 kPa for high and low F io 2 groups respectively). All amplitude decreases produced Pa co 2 rises (median +0.94 and +1.24 kPa for high and low F io 2 groups respectively). About 95% of the change in Pa co 2 was completed in 30 minutes. Amplitude changes did not affect Pa o 2 when F io 2 > 0.4. When F io 2 < 0.3, amplitude increases produced a Pa o 2 rise (median = +1.1 kPa; P < 0.001) and amplitude decreases a fall (median = −1.2 kPa; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS After oscillatory amplitude changes, the speed but not the magnitude of the Pa co 2 change is predictable, and a rapid Pa o 2 change accompanies the Pa co 2 change in infants with mild lung disease and a low F io 2 . Key messages A 3 cm H 2 O change in oscillatory amplitude results in a median change in Pa co 2 of about 1.0 kPa (but the range of effect is wide) Following changes in oscillatory amplitude: the speed and direction of change in Pa co 2 is predictable; about 95% of the change in Pa co 2 is completed within 30 minutes; Pa o 2 is unaffected if lung disease is severe; if lung disease is mild/improving, rapid changes in Pa o 2 occur (up to 4.7 kPa)
Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Visual Analog Sleep Scale

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives: The aim of this study was to adapt the English version of the Visual Analog Sleep Scale (VAS Scale) to Turkish, and to assess the validity and reliability of this Turkish version.Material and methods: The study design was both descriptive and methodological.The study group was comprised of 75 patients, who agreed to participate in the study.Each had received total hip replacement surgery in an orthopedic clinical hospital.Data was collected using a Turkish translation of the VAS Scale.Psychometric testing of the adapted instrument was carried out to establish internal consistency, interim correlation, and construct validity.The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin and Barlett's tests were applied to determine the sampling adequacy and suitability to the factor analysis.Results: The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was found to be 0.89, and this value indicates suitability for principal component analysis.Similarly, Barlett's test results (X 2 = 608.74,p = 0.000) also indicate the interrelationships of the data and suitability for the factor analysis.The eigenvalue of the VAS Scale reduced to 10 items was found to be 6.65 and the variance was 66.52.The VAS Scale Cronbach's alpha was 0.82 for the test items.The test-retest stability coefficient (validity of the scale) was 0.92.Alpha coefficient was found to be 0.94 for internal consistency. Conclusion:The original VAS Scale consisted of three sub-scales and 15 items, whereas the Turkish version has one dimension and 10 items.The Turkish version of the VAS Scale adapted to the orthopedics clinic can be used as a one-factor tool.
Midwestern Cloud, Sunshine and Temperature Trends since 1901: Possible Evidence of Jet Contrail Effects

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Records of monthly sky cover, sunshine and temperature for 1901–77 in a 10-state midwestern area were analyzed on a temporal and spatial basis to discern long-term trends and indications of shifts potentially due to added cirrus generated by jet aircraft since about 1960. The skycover data show generally long-term increasing frequencies of cloudy days and decreases in clear days since 1901. Percent of possible sunshine also shows a decrease but to a lesser extent than clear day frequencies. Changes have been greatest since the 1930's. The greatest shifts to cloudier, less sunny conditions occurred since 1960 in an east-west zone across southern Iowa-northern Missouri, northern two-thirds of Illinois and Indiana, and extreme southern sections of Wisconsin and lower Michigan, the area where commercial jet traffic has been greatest. The long-term trends give evidence of natural climate changes, whereas the localized shifts to more cloudiness in the central area since 1960 suggest anomalous changes related to jet-induced cirrus. Months with moderated temperatures (below average maximum and above average minimum) have increased since 1960 in the central east-west zone and largely in summer and fall, the seasons with the major shifts to cloudiness.
Acoustic Panel Design for Use in the Hospital Environment

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

One of the current problems is noise pollution, which occurs not only in environments with high noise levels such as buildings, but also in spaces of calm and rest, such as hospital environments. Therefore, engineering has been used as a tool that enables the development of different works around the topic of acoustic absorption. The present work covers the whole process of designing a new acoustic panel prototype, which takes as a starting point the opportunities for improvements that were found in the project carried out by Rivera-Vega et al. and the current regulations of the hospital environment. For this, a design process was carried out based on the use of morphological matrices as a tool for evaluating different sketches against the requirements of the hospital sector. Because of the process, the final design of the acoustic panel was obtained and will then go to a construction stage. This design demonstrates the application of the concept of patient safety for elements that facilitate the stability and not obstruction of the panel.
Malaria in Britain

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background

The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) protocol consists of 7 tests (Cook & Burton, 2014). At higher values mean higher quality of movement execution. Lower limb functional asymmetry (FA) is monitored to control the athlete9s injury risk (Sannicandro et al., 2011).

Objective

To examine the correlation between the FMS score and strength asymmetry in professional soccer players (PSP).

Design

Descriptive study (correlation study investigating the relationship between variables).

Setting

Professional soccer.

Participants

n=30 professional soccer players (age: 22.2±4.6; weight: 74.3±10,1 kg; height: 176.1±8.7 cm), 4 players were excluded due to joint or muscle injury within the last 18 months.

Assessment of Risk Factors

The FMS protocol identifies athletes as being at risk of injury when the total score is ≤14. The Hop Test (HT), Side Hop (SH) and Hop Crossover (CH) test are considered to represent a valid assessment of the single lower limb FA. The counter movement jump (CMJ) test indirectly evaluates explosive strength capacity (jump height).

Main Outcome Measurements

The sample was evaluated using the 7 FMS test and CMJ, HT, SH and CH tests for strength capacity. FA was calculated between the two limbs as follows: (jump dominant limb–jump non-dominant limb)/jump dominant-limb*100 (Yamamoto, 1993).

Results

We observed a significant inverse correlation between FMS score and the SH asymmetry percentage (r=−0.678, p<0.01) and the CH asymmetry percentage (r=−0.572,p<0.01). We also observed a significant positive correlation between the FMS score and CMJ values (r=0.531, p<0.01). No significant correlation was found between FMS and the HT asymmetry percentage (r=−0.245).

Conclusions

The best quality movement in FMS test was correlated with high performance in CMJ and with low percentage of lower limb FA, respectively.
Evaluation of the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up effectiveness in patients with dyslipidemia in the secondary health care in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the main causes of mortality in the world. Dyslipidemia treatment can reduce the number of deaths caused by CVD, by decreasing the lipid profile. Evaluate the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up effectiveness in patients with dyslipidemia, regarding clinical and laboratory aspects. A quasi-experimental trial was performed in 12 months. The studied population was included patients with dyslipidemia who received a pharmacotherapeutic follow-up, which was evaluated according to the Pharmacotherapy Workup developed by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were performed at the baseline, after a 6 and 12-months period. The statistical analyzes were performed with the normality test of Lilliefors, Cramer Von Misses, and Anderson Darling, later the t-paired test. This study demonstrated that after 6-months of intervention, statistically significant results were verified in the reduction of LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, increase in HDL-cholesterol, and reduction in the blood pressure. It was observed that for high-risk patients, the achievement of targets in the lipid profile and HbA1C occurred only after 12-months, because, this population needs more aggressive targets and expressive interventions. Pharmacotherapeutic follow-up in patients with dyslipidemia reduced lipid blood levels and promoted positive clinical and laboratory outcomes.