jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Big Five Personality Factors and Library Anxiety

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Library anxiety is an unpleasant feeling that is experienced in a library location; it has behavioral, psychological, emotional and cognitive effect, which can be harmful for students' academic career. The purpose of current study was to investigate the relationship between Library anxiety and the Big Five personality factors (neuroticism, extraversion, openness-to-experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) using a multivariate approach among students in Ardabil university. The participants were students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences of which a sample of 580 students was randomly selected. And the assessment methods were revised. The short form of NEO Inventory [1] and the library anxiety questionnaire [2] were used to gather the data. The results showed that Neuroticism increased library anxiety in students, and with increasing the level of education, library anxiety is reduced, whereas by increasing the semester the library anxiety of students increases.
Economic Impacts of Huanglongbing Disease in São Paulo State

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The main objective of this paper is to estimate the potential impacts of the increasing dissemination of the Huanglongbing (HLB) disease in citrus orchards in São Paulo State, Brazil, which is the largest world producer of orange juice and to discuss the importance of phytosanitary programs in order to control the disease’s spreading in the territory. The methodology applied to evaluate the impacts and to discuss the importance of phytossanitary programs is the Cost-Benefit Analysis approach. A model has been used to project the orchard size and production along 20 years as well as to estimate the costs of production and disease control for the same period. Some assumptions have been made about the disease spread, prices and other variables for two basic scenarios: one considering the presence of an official phytosanitary program to eradicate and control the HLB, jointly implemented by Fundecitrus, which is a private institution; and the second one without the official program. The revenues for each scenario have been estimated and accumulated for 20 years, likewise the costs. The losses caused by the HLB considered to evaluate the avoided losses in the scenarios comprised basically those related to production reduction (yield) and reduction of the orchards’ size. Cost-benefit ratios have been calculated for both scenarios. Regarding the CBA results for economic impacts, we found that for each Real invested by government and by Fundecitrus in the phytosanitary program, there is an avoided loss that amounts to R$ 57.3, which consists on a very high benefit-cost ratio for this kind of investment. When the additional costs imposed to farmers to manage the HLB is computed in the CBA analysis, the ratio falls to 4.6, however it is still higher than one, indicating that this phytosanitary “investment” is recommendable. Despite criticisms on this approach and the assumptions made, it provides elements to decision making, for both public and private actors and it allows having some approximation of impacts. Estimating those impacts is relevant to prove policy makers that phytosanitary policy has a high net benefit for society. It is worth-mentioning that other economic and social losses might be incorporated in the analysis.
RF/Analog Parameters in DMG-FinFET for Channel Material Beyond Si

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Due to the requirement in recent years, the semiconductor industry have used the channel material beyond Silicon. In this paper, a dual material gate (DMG) FinFET is designed and two different channel materials like Ge and GaAs is considered in simulation. The transfer characteristic of DMG-FinFET is compared for two different channel materials like Ge and GaAs. A comparative analysis of RF/analog parameters like transconductance (g m ), output conductance (g d ), gate capacitance (C GG ), intrinsic gain (g m /g d ), cut off frequency (f t ), and gain frequency product (GFP) is also discussed. Results show that Ge DMG-FinFET has higher value of I on /I off . Investigation also reveals that Ge DMG-FinFET has higher value of g m , gain (g m /g d ), and ft than GaAs DMG-FinFET in weak to moderate inversion region.
Operation of a New COTS Crystal Oscillator - CXOMHT over a Wide Temperature Range

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Crystal oscillators are extensively used in electronic circuits to provide timing or clocking signals in data acquisition, communications links, and control systems, to name a few. They are affordable, small in size, and reliable. Because of the inherent characteristics of the crystal, the oscillator usually exhibits extreme accuracy in its output frequency within the intrinsic crystal stability. Stability of the frequency could be affected under varying load levels or other operational conditions. Temperature is one of those important factors that influence the frequency stability of an oscillator; as it does to the functionality of other electronic components. Electronics designed for use in NASA deep space and planetary exploration missions are expected to be exposed to extreme temperatures and thermal cycling over a wide range. Thus, it is important to design and develop circuits that are able to operate efficiently and reliably under in these harsh temperature environments. Most of the commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) devices are very limited in terms of their specified operational temperature while very few custom-made commercial and military-grade parts have the ability to operate in a slightly wider range of temperature than those of the COTS parts. These parts are usually designed for operation under one temperature extreme, i.e. hot or cold, and do not address the wide swing in the operational temperature, which is typical of the space environment. For safe and successful space missions, electronic systems must therefore be designed not only to withstand the extreme temperature exposure but also to operate efficiently and reliably. This report presents the results obtained on the evaluation of a new COTS crystal oscillator under extreme temperatures.
The Effect of Teachers’ Support on Learners’ Online Self-Regulated Learning: Mediating Analysis Based on Self-Efficacy

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In the Internet era, as more and more online education platforms are launched, the application of online learning will become more and more popular. The learner's online self-regulated learning is not only the learner's self-assessment of the learning effect, but also the learners' motivation for further learning. Therefore, using the structural equation model as an analytical tool, this paper studies the influencing factors of learners' online self-regulation learning from two aspects of teachers' support and self-efficacy, in order to understand the mechanism of related influencing factors. The findings show that learners' online self-regulated learning is jointly influenced by teachers' support and learner self-efficacy, wherein self-efficacy has a significant direct effect on learners' online self-regulated learning. Teachers' support has an indirect effect on learners' online self-regulated learning through the mediating effect of self-efficacy.
Construction of transient voltage UWB on-line monitoring system in UHV GIL based on capacitive voltage division

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The transient voltage process in UHV transmission system has a great influence on the insulation state of Gil equipment. Therefore, in order to monitor the transient voltage process suffered by the UHV GIL during its operation in real time, this paper constructs a transient voltage ultrawideband (UWB) online monitoring system based on capacitive voltage division, which is actual applied in 1100kV Sutong GIL utility tunnel project. The system included voltage sensor, monitoring terminal and storage and control unit. Capacitance sensing transformation is carried out on the cover plate of the GIL. Signal conversion and acquisition are implemented locally at the monitoring terminal, and uploaded to the upper storage control unit through optical fiber. The effective measurement bandwidth of the monitoring system ranges from 2.1Hz to 230MHz, the sampling rate is 250 MS/s, and the analog bandwidth is 100MHz. The abrupt voltage waveform can be accurately captured by customized steep trigger mode, and the recording time is not less than 100 ms. During withstand voltage test of the GIL, the transient voltage process caused by internal insulation breakdown is recorded successfully and accurately. The transient voltage duration is about 400us, the first abrupt change of voltage is about 120ns, and the instantaneous frequency excited by the abrupt change is close to 35MHz. Through in-depth analysis of transient voltage waveform, it is helpful to research the process of fault occurrence, identify the type of fault, and locate the breakdown location quickly and accurately, which provides strong support for the maintenance of UHV GIL.
Stick-slip arising from Stribeck friction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The implications of Stribeck friction (a nonlinear low-velocity friction effect that contributes to and perhaps dominates stick-slip motion) for feedback control are explored. Through the use of dimensional analysis, the following are examined: (1) the minimum velocity below which stick-slip will occur; (2) the accuracy of sensing required to eliminate stick-slip by feedback control; (3) the slip distance during stick-slip motion; and (4) scaling of Stribeck friction and stick-slip. A seven-parameter friction-plus-control model is proposed; dimensional analysis is employed to reduce the degrees of freedom of this model to three.< >
Computational and experimental progress on laser-activated gas avalanche switches for broadband, high-power electromagnetic pulse generation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The gas avalanche switch, a high-voltage, picosecond-speed switch, has been proposed. The basic switch consists of pulse-charged electrodes, immersed in a high-pressure (7--800 atm) gas. An avalanche discharge is induced in the gas between the electrodes by ionization from a picosecond-scale laser pulse. The avalanching electrons move toward the anode, causing the applied voltage to collapse in picoseconds. This voltage collapse, if rapid enough, generates electromagnetic waves. A two-dimensional (2D), finite difference computer code solves Maxwell's equations for transverse magnetic modes for rectilinear electrodes between parallel plate conductors, along with electron conservation equations for continuity, momentum, and energy. Collision frequencies for ionization and momentum and energy transfer to neutral molecules are assumed to scale linearly with neutral pressure. Electrode charging and laser-driven electron deposition are assumed to be instantaneous. Code calculations are done for a pulse generator geometry, consisting of an 0.7 mm wide by 0.8 mm high, beveled, rectangular center electrode between grounded parallel plates at 2 mm spacing in air. 17 refs., 12 figs., 2 tabs.
Analysis of Inclusion of Foreign Diplomatic Representatives in the Pakistan Exit Control List to Protection of Diplomatic Immune Rights: (Case Study of Colonel Hall in Islamabad)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A diplomatic representative is a person who carries the task of officially connecting the tongues of two countries, namely between the sending country and the receiving country. As a representation of a country, diplomatic representatives are given the privilege of immunity to be able to perform the duties and missions charged to it. Such privilege arrangements are legally regulated under the Vienna Convention of 1961 and supported by other sources of international law including international customary law. However, there are some obstacles in its application such as in the case of Colonel Hall in Islamabad, Pakistan. The accident caused by Colonel Hall's negligence in violation of traffic markings has left the victim dead and seriously injured. However, due to legal immunity, the authorities have not yet completed an investigation into the case. The Pakistani government then listed Colonel Hall's name on the Blacklist and recommended putting his name on the Exit Control List. How the incident is reviewed from the perspective of international law will be discussed by the author in this paper.
Exploiting Bacterial Genera as Biocontrol Agents: Mechanisms, Interactions and Applications in Sustainable Agriculture

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The rising demand for sustainable agriculture necessitates alternative methods to using chemical pesticides for controlling plant pathogens. Biocontrol involves the use of natural antagonists, such as bacteria, as an alternative to synthetic chemical pesticides, which can be harmful to human health and the environment. This review discusses the potential of Bacillus , Streptomyces , Pseudomonas and Serratia as biocontrol agents (BCAs) against various plant pathogens. These bacteria suppress pathogen growth via various mechanisms, such as antibiosis, nutrient and space competition and systemic resistance, and significantly contribute to plant growth. We provide an overview of the secondary metabolites, plant interactions and microbiota interactions of these bacteria. BCAs offer a promising and sustainable solution to plant pathogens and help maintain the one-health principle.
Modelling and simulation for improving the efficiency of port operations

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper studies the sea-port operations, particularly, analyzing the possibility in incorporating new technology into the port operations. The developed simulation model effectively incorporate the second model, built using Arena simulation tool. The sensitivity analysis was performed on different configurations on the entire port. The results reveal that by incorporating the new technologies improve the productivity and efficiency of the port. The cost to implement such model is higher, however, due to lower frequency of maintenance needed by the new technology, and the distinct improvement in productivity, the cost is supplemented by the gain of higher processing rate. Modeling and simulation was also performed to test the feasibility of incorporating additional quay cranes in model 2 setting. Model 2 is a setting where all the equipment used in the port operations are in the design stage. The results show that by only adding quay cranes to the system do not improve the turnaround time of the vessels. This is due to the flow of the containers also depending on the yard side traffic including the vertical transfer system and the internal prime movers. This report introduces 3 new technologies that are still undergoing research and development which are now having prototypes testing in certain container ports. The first new technology is the August’s Design Robotic Cranes which has 75 moves per hour with 6 DOF spreader bar. The second technology is the Linear Motor Conveyance System which uses linear induction motor to power and control. The third technology is the High Density High Productivity Storage System which automatically retrieves information.
Motivating Operations in Drug-Discrimination

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Motivating operations (MO) play an important role in learning and performance. According to the behavior analytic conceptualization, MOs alter the probability of responses that lead to relevant reinforcers and alter the reinforcing “value” of those reinforcers (e.g., Michael, 1982, 1993). Recent research suggests that one way in which MOs influence stimulus control is by influencing the control of behavior by discriminative stimuli. Interestingly, in studies with nonhumans, such an effect is commonly observed when lights and tones are used as discriminative stimuli, but not when drugs are used. Procedural differences across studies involving the species studied, the measurement system used to quantify performance, and the manner in which MOs were manipulated, may account for the discordant results. The present research evaluated this possibility in a series of three experiments. Results of these experiments suggest that the discrepant results obtained in previous studies were not due to the measurement system, testing procedure, or the species used. The manner in which MOs are manipulated may, however, play a role, and it appears that such variables affect stimulus control only when motivation is increased relative to the baseline condition.
CULTURAL SPECIFICITY OF MEDIA TEXTS (BY THE MATERIAL OF OSSETIAN AND ENGLISH MEDIA)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

linguistic means involved in creating the cultural specificity of the English and Ossetian media when covering the events of the Georgian-Ossetian conflict of 2008.In particular, in the course of the analysis, the denotative, connotative, associative and metaphorical levels of the cultural context are identified.
Finding a home: Harnessing biographical narrative in teaching and learning in cultural geography

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper describes the use of reflective biographical narrative, in postgraduate research supervision, in helping students develop their sense of place – an intellectual place – within the scholarly landscape. The example provided centres on the work of students who have found an intellectual home in cultural geography. Using planned and semi-formal conversation, a device emerging from the authors’ supervisory practices, this activity draws on the emerging tradition of reflective biographical narrative, in which biographical reflection is not merely reflection on knowledge, but a practical methodological approach to working with knowledge. We conclude that our approach provided positive learning outcomes for the students, all of who were better able to frame their research, using reflective biographical narrative, within a conscious sense of scholarly place, and to adopt such reflection as a key analytical tool in their respective research projects.
Interleukin-1 induces insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 gene expression and protein production by Leydig cells.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a potent inhibitor of Leydig cell function. IL-1 blocks human CG-induced cAMP and testosterone formation, as well as cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. IL-1 also decreases insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) mRNA levels in Leydig cells. The effects of IGF-I are modified by IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). In the present study, we evaluated the effects of IL-1 on IGFBP expression. Purified Leydig cells from adult rats were cultured with 0.1% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum in Dulbecco's modified Eagles' medium/F12. Culture medium was changed to serum-free Dulbecco's modified Eagles' medium/F12 after 24 h and IL-1 beta (0.1-10 ng/ml) was added. Treatment of Leydig cells with IL-1 beta (10 ng/ml) for 2, 4, and 6 h resulted in a progressive induction of IGFBP-3 expression without affecting IGFBP-2 or IGFBP-4 mRNA levels. IL-1 beta in concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 10 ng/ml caused a 1.5-, 4-, and 6.5-fold induction of IGFBP-3 expression, respectively, whereas IGF-I mRNA levels were decreased in a dose-dependent manner. IL-1 beta increased the average transcription rate of IGFBP-3 by 3.3-fold. The t1/2 for IGFBP-3 mRNA was 2.07 h and was not affected by the treatment with IL-1 beta (2.21 h). The immunoblot of cell-conditioned media showed that the basal level of IGFBP-3 protein was low and IL-1 beta caused a dose-dependent increase in the production of IGFBP-3. These results indicate that IL-1 beta increases IGFBP-3 levels by increasing the rate of transcription rather than by changing the stability of IGFBP-3 mRNA. The addition of cycloheximide markedly inhibited IL-1 beta-induced IGFBP-3 mRNA levels. However, IL-1 beta was able to induce IGFBP-3 mRNA levels even in the presence of cycloheximide. This suggests that de novo protein synthesis may not be required for induction of IGFBP-3 mRNA by IL-1 beta. In conclusion, IL-1 beta inhibits IGF-I but increases IGFBP-3 expression in Leydig cells, and this may contribute to the inhibitory effects of IL-1 beta on Leydig cell steroidogenesis.
S85 Validation of a Novel Patient-Reported Outcome Measure to Assess Bowel Urgency in Adult Patients With Crohn’s Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Bowel urgency (BU), the sudden or immediate need to have a bowel movement, is an important symptom of Crohn’s disease (CD), however there is no patient-reported outcome (PRO) scale validated in this population to assess BU severity. The Urgency Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) is a patient-reported measure of bowel urgency (sudden or immediate need) to have a bowel movement in the past 24 hours using an 11-point scale, ranging from 0 (no urgency) to 10 (worst possible urgency). Here we evaluated the content validity and psychometric properties of the Urgency NRS. Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with moderate-to-severe CD participants to confirm importance and relevance of BU in this population, cognitively debrief the Urgency NRS, and explore score interpretation and CD remission. A quantitative web survey study was conducted to explore the measurement properties of the Urgency NRS. Results: Qualitative Interview: 34 of 35 participants reported BU. It was most bothersome for 44% of participants, 47% of participants reported it daily, and 18% of participants reported experiencing BU with every bowel movement. BU had a severe impact on daily activities, causing many participants to stay home more than preferred. Participants confirmed the relevance, appropriateness, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility of the item, recall period, response options, and instructions of the Urgency NRS. Small reductions (1 or 2 points) on the Urgency NRS score reflected meaningful improvements. Quantitative survey: The study sample comprised 76 participants (65.8% female). Mean Urgency NRS score was 4.7 (SD 2.26; N = 76) at Week 1, with no floor/ceiling effect. Test-retest reliability was acceptable. Construct and known-groups validity against selected PROs were overall strong and within ranges hypothesized a priori. Conclusion(s): BU is an important symptom of CD. The evidence provided herein demonstrates that the Urgency NRS has content validity, test-retest reliability, and construct validity. The Urgency NRS is a well-defined and reliable PRO instrument that is suitable to be used in clinical studies to evaluate a treatment benefit in patients with CD.