jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Specificity of autologous antibody binding to phenylhydrazine-treated human erythrocytes: implications for models of red blood cell aging.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A fundamental difficulty in the study of red cell senescence has been that of isolating a population of cells that have been aged in vivo. It has been proposed that the induction of Heinz body formation through the use of oxidizing agents, including phenylhydrazine, can provide a model for elucidating mechanisms of normal red cell aging. In an effort to evaluate the applicability of this model, we examined the nature of autologous antibody binding to phenylhydrazine-treated cells. Using both radioisotopic and immunofluorescent probes, we confirmed the previous observation of increased immunoglobulin G (IgG) binding to phenylhydrazine-treated cells. However, further analysis of the cell population indicated that the majority of the IgG bound to cells that had suffered severe membrane lesions, allowing access to intracellular consituents. Elution and analysis of the bound autologous IgG confirmed that it showed specificity for some of these intracellular constituents as well as for the surface epitopes available on intact cells. We conclude that phenylhydrazine treatment is a problematic model for study of red blood cell aging mechanisms, because the binding of autologous IgG appears to be limited to a small population of severely damaged cells.
INCORPORATION OF TRITIATED THYMIDINE DURING VARIOUS STAGES OF LEAF DEVELOPMENT OF XANTHIUM PENNSYLVANICUM

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

3 H‐thymidine was incorporated into leaf tissue of Xanthium pennsylvanicum during the stage of active cell division, during cellular differentiation, and into mature cells. Incorporation into nuclear DNA was high in the early stages of development. No nuclear incorporation was found after cessation of cell division. However, significant incorporation could be demonstrated in cytoplasm of differentiating and mature cells. Depending upon the time of growth in the radioisotope and the time of growth after treatment, 3 H‐thymidine, or its metabolized fraction, was incorporated into the secondary wall depositions of epidermal cells, mesophyll parenchyma cells, xylem cells, and chloroplasts. Autoradiographic technique and liquid scintillation spectrometry were used in these studies. The significance of 3 H‐thymidine incorporation into various organelles is discussed in relation to cell metabolism and its regulation during leaf development.
Approximate Discrete-Time Small-Signal Models of DC–DC Converters With Consideration of Practical Pulsewidth Modulation and Stability Improvement Methods

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

It is generally known that averaged models are inadequate in describing the effects of leading-edge and trailing-edge pulsewidth modulation (PWM) on the stability of dc-dc converters. In this paper, using discrete-time models of the buck, boost, and buck-boost converters and considering the effects of leading-edge and trailing-edge PWM, the general expressions of the duty-cycle-to-output-voltage transfer function, Gvd(z), in the discrete-time domain are derived. Based on the low-pass characteristics of the dc-dc converters and related properties of the matrix functions, approximate expressions of Gvd in the frequency domain are derived, which are simple and accurate up to half the switching frequency. Using the approximate Gvd, the stability of the three basic dc-dc converters under leading-edge and trailing-edge PWM is analyzed. It is shown that the stability of the buck converter is unaffected by the type of PWM, while the leading-edge modulated boost and buck-boost converters have better stability than the trailing-edge modulated ones. Since the trailing-edge modulation is commonly available in PWM controller integrated circuits, the modulation signal zero-order holding (ZOH) method and the inductor current feedback control method are proposed for use in the trailing-edge modulated boost and buck-boost converters to achieve the same effect of leading-edge modulated converters. Experimental buck and boost converters were constructed for verification of the accuracy of the proposed model and the validity of the proposed control schemes.
Microporous Polypyrrole‐Coated Graphene Foam for High‐Performance Multifunctional Sensors and Flexible Supercapacitors

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This study reports on the fabrication of pressure/temperature/strain sensors and all‐solid‐state flexible supercapacitors using only polydimethylsiloxane coated microporous polypyrrole/graphene foam composite (PDMS/PPy/GF) as a common material. A dual‐mode sensor is designed with PDMS/PPy/GF, which measures pressure and temperature with the changes of current and voltage, respectively, without interference to each other. The fabricated dual‐mode sensor shows high sensitivity, fast response/recovery, and high durability during 10 000 cycles of pressure loading. The pressure is estimated using the thermoelectric voltage induced by simultaneous increase in temperature caused by a finger touch on the sensor. Additionally, a resistor‐type strain sensor fabricated using the same PDMS/PPy/GF could detect the strain up to 50%. Flexible, high performance supercapacitor used as a power supply is fabricated with electrodes of PPy/GF for its high surface area and pseudocapacitance. Furthermore, an integrated system of such fabricated multifunctional sensors and a supercapacitor on a skin‐attachable flexible substrate using liquid–metal interconnections operates well, whereas sensors are driven by the power of the supercapacitor. This study clearly demonstrates that the appropriate choice of a single functional material enables fabrication of active multifunctional sensors for pressure, temperature, and strain, as well as the supercapacitor, that could be used in wirelessly powered wearable devices.
An Interactive Virtual Endoscopy Tool

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a 3D Virtual Endoscopy system for facilitating diagnostic and surgical planning phases of endoscopic procedures. Our system allows the user to interactively explore the internal surface of a 3D patient-specific anatomical model and to create and update a fly-through trajectory through the model to simulate endoscopy. We also present an automatic path planning algorithm that has been used to produce a colon
Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Detection of Extended

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Escherichia coli (E. coli) are common etiological agents of food borne diseases. A study on antimicrobial resistance and molecular detection of Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase resistance (ESBL) in E. coli from road-side suya meat was carried out. Suya meat (50 each from Akwanga, Nasarawa Eggon and Wamba) were collected; and E. coli was isolated and identified using cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using disc diffusion method and interpreted as described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The phenotypic detection of ESBL production in multi-drug resistant isolates was carried using double disc synergy test. Screening for ESBL genes namely blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M was carried out using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The overall percentage occurrence of the isolates was 11(7.3%), being highest in wamba (10.0%), and lowest in Nasarawa Eggon (4.0%). The isolates were more resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, and ceftazidine (54.5%). Percentage occurrence of ESBL producing isolates was 4(36.4%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) isolates (63.6%) occurred more than extensive drug resistance (XDR) (36.4%). The percentage occurrence of ESBL genes namely: blaSHV and blaTEM were 3 (75.0%). The Beta-lactam antibiotics such as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ceftazidime and cefotaxime were effective against the isolates and most of the isolates were ESBL resistant.
Changes in intima media thickness, ankle brachial index and flow mediated dilation in pre hypertensive individuals

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Prehypertension (PH) is a state being on the frontier between the physiological referent arterial pressure values and pathological ones. The opinion concerned with its treatment is contradictory. Vascular alteration is an object of interest. Material and methods: Intima Media Thickness (IMT), Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) and Flow Mediated Dilation (FMD) indices were examined in 103 individuals with PH and 45 normotensives. Anthropometric and clinical chemical methods were also applied. The statistical processing was carried out by ÐœS Excel 2000 and SPSS 11.0. Results: The pre hypertensives` metabolic profile was unfavorable, they are overweight and have bigger waist size, reflecting in higher cardiovascular risk. The percentage of FMD is reduced as an expression of endothelial function. Structural vascular alterations are not registered - ITM and ABI values are of no significant difference in the two followed up groups. Conclusion: The therapeutic approach in prehypertensives should be directed to reestablishment of the endothelial function.
Portfolio Allocation and Time out of Office in Coalition Governments

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Although research on portfolio allocation in coalition governments has provided a great number of studies, it has not seriously assessed the role of parties’ impatience to reach office when it comes the time to bargain over the distribution of ministerial posts. Despite the empirical strength of the relationship between parties’ seats and portfolios, there are reasons to take other variables into account to improve our understanding of portfolio allocation among coalition partners, one of them being how long had it taken to parties to leave the opposition and be part of a new government. The idea is very simple: the longer the period parties have not been able to enjoy the spoils of office, the more impatient and desperate they get, and thus the more they are willing to make concessions in the negotiation of the distribution of portfolios in exchange for their entrance in office. This intuition is supported substantively and modelled game-theoretically by making parties discount future idiosyncratically (more when they have been longer in opposition). Two hypotheses stem from this formal model. On the one hand, the overall influence of the time out of office should disadvantage parties when bargaining over portfolios. On the other hand, the fact of being the formateur should offset this effect since the offers of formation are made based on receivers’ impatience rather than on the offerer’s one. Empirical results do largely support the theoretical expectations, using a considerable variety of specifications of the variables and a series of robustness checks. Finally, the work deepens into the issue of causality through the use of matching techniques based on the propensity score and provides evidence in favour of a causal (negative) effect of the length of time a given party has been in opposition on the office payoffs it manages to receive.
The Study of Parameters Matching Technology for Integrated Starter Generator

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Energy crisis and environment pollution are closely correlated with the widespread use of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. Considering multi-factors, developing hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is an ideal solution to solve the problems since its environmental protection and practicability. Integrated Starter Generator (ISG), integrated by two motors between engine and mechanical transmission system, performs better in efficiency and economy. This paper attempts to design a parameter matching method of hybrid electric system according to its dynamic performance, driving condition and control strategy. An ISG model and the model of parameter matching HEV system are proposed in this paper.
Preliminary Excavations in the Gardens of Hadrian's Villa: The Canopus Area and the Piazza d'Oro

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Preliminary excavations in 1987–1988 in the Canopus area and in the Piazza d'Oro indicate that Hadrian's Villa contains much important evidence for our knowledge of ancient Roman gardens. On the west bank of the Canopus evidence was found of elaborate terraced gardens still covered with undisturbed soil and on the east bank a row of discarded amphoras was discovered. The amphoras had been cut in half and used as planting pots, giving significant information about the planting pattern.In the Piazza d'Oro a sloping tufa terrain with an insufficient soil covering for plants made it necessary for Hadrian to cut planting holes into the tufa; these were then filled with fertile soil. Large planting pits were found in 1987–1988 that appear to continue around the edge of the garden. In the bed on the west side of the euripus an intricate network of trenches cut to provide drainage for the planting beds was found, as well as smaller planting holes. Subsequent excavations made it possible to explain the unique irrigation system of this garden.
Structural, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Mn-doped ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Coprecipitation Method

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Many studies have been conducted to produce ZnO including in the form of powder and film. This paper reports the characteristics of structures, optics, and magnetics of Zn1-xMnxO nanoparticles synthesized by coprecipitation method. The range of x value was maintained in the range of 0 to 0.03. The X-RD data analysis showed that all samples formed in nanosized. The lattice parameters sifted for all x values indicating the Mn ion was inserted into ZnO replacing Zn ion. The optical properties presented that the increase of Mn ion decreased the gap energy nanoparticles. Furthermore, the addition of Mn ion in the samples resulted in different magnetic properties.
Incidence of Thyroid Cancer in England and Wales

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In autumn 1961, test explosions of nuclear weapons released into the atmosphere a measurable amount of radioiodine, some of which found its way into food. The measured concentrations of /sup 131/I in the thyroids of 20 adult subjects indicated that the glands received approximates 7 mrad from this source during the three months in which atmospheric activity could be detected. The dose received by children must have been greater, because of the greater consumption of cow's milk. An attempt was made to measure the incidence of the disease before the occurrence of fallout from the available data. Comparison between the mortality for England and Wales, and that for the U.S.A. white population, shows that the rates for persons are closely similar at age 35 yr and over; at younger ages the American mortality is appreciably higher. The higher American mortality in youth may be attributable to the greater use of radiotherapy for benign conditions in childhood. A survey of data obtained from three studies in the U.S.A. shows a similar change with age in the ratio between mortality and incidence. The ratio is somewhat lower at ages 20 to 69 years in the U.S.A., suggesting that the incidence in Englandmore » and Wales may be slightly underestimated. (BBB)« less
Cellular Automata in Modular Space : Rigid Systems – Volume I – Number IV

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This book series presents a new type of cellular automata for 2D pattern generation, characterized by a high reproduction rate, in combination with the application of a small-sized 2D modular square lattice. The presented patterns are in the spirit of mathematical minimalism, generated from rudimentary kernels and a minimal set of rules. In similarity with fractals, this new concept could provide for the generation of patterns and geometries with applications in areas such as, visual arts, logo design, architecture, and game design.
IID-Based QPP-RNG: A Random Number Generator Utilizing Random Permutation Sorting Driven by System Jitter

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We propose a groundbreaking random number generator that achieves truly uniform, independent, and identically distributed (IID) randomness by integrating Quantum Permutation Pads (QPP) with system jitter--derived entropy, herein called IID-based QPP-RNG. Unlike conventional RNGs that use raw timing variations, our design uses system jitter solely to generate ephemeral QPP pads and derives 8-bit outputs directly from permutation counts, eliminating the need for post-processing. This approach leverages the factorial complexity of permutation sorting to systematically accumulate entropy from dynamic hardware interactions, ensuring non-deterministic outputs even from fixed seeds. Notably, IID-based QPP-RNG achieves a min-entropy of 7.85-7.95 bits per byte from IID min-entropy estimate, surpassing ID Quantique's QRNG (7.157042 bits per byte), which marks a breakthrough in randomness quality. Our implementation employs a dynamic seed evolution protocol that continuously refreshes the internal state with unpredictable system jitter, effectively decoupling the QPP sequence from the initial seed. Cross-platform validation on macOS (x86 and ARM) and Windows (x86) confirms uniformly distributed outputs, while evaluations compliant with NIST SP 800-90B show a Shannon entropy of 7.9999 bits per byte. Overall, IID-based QPP-RNG represents a significant advancement in random number generation, offering a scalable, system-based, software-only, post-quantum secure solution for a wide range of cryptographic applications.
ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF CHARACTER IN THE STORY POLITIK TRESNA BY TULUS SETYADI

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Javanese society has a very old cultural background. One of the cultural heritage that is still favoured by the people of Java until now is storytelling. A story is a manifestation of people’s dream about their ideal world. This dream depicts the characters of the story they would like to see. The idea of a desired character is illustrated by various stories composed by authors. This occurs to this day. There are so many modern-day authors who have written their works within the framework of the old storytelling ideas. An author is indeed part of his community. It is inevitable that the author's thought is influenced by what happens in society. The image of the story created in his story certainly cannot be separated from all the things that exist in the community. Often a character of a traditional story becomes an inspiration for a modern author to create a character in the name and events in different packaging with no much difference in its sequence of events. Politik Tresna by Tulus Setyadi has a modern packaging of character and characterisation, but if traced deeply it turns out to be another form of character and characterization of well-known older stories.
Hydromagnetic Instability in the Earth's Core

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this thesis we investigate aspects of the Earth's magnetic field with a view to further understanding the physical processes at work in the Earth's core which act to maintain the geomagnetic field against ohmic decay. In particular, we consider problems relating to the stability of the Earth's magnetic field. The basic model of the Earth's fluid outer core we adopt throughout, chosen to simplify the problem whilst retaining the important features, is that of a cylindrical annulus of electrically conducting, incompressible fluid rotating rapidly about its axis. In this annulus we impose a toroidal magnetic field and velocity field which both depend only on the distance from the axis of rotation. This basic state is then perturbed and its stability investigated. In the first problem we consider in Chapter 2 the annulus is unbounded in the direction of the axis of rotation. We extend the problem solved by Fearn (1988) to include an inner core of finite conductivity and allow the mantle to be a perfect insulator or a perfect conductor. The effect of varying the inner core conductivity on the magnetic field strength required for the onset of instability is investigated and the result in the limit of an insulating inner core compared with that of Fearn (1988) to serve as a check on the results. In Chapter 3 the same model is extended to include a finitely conducting layer at the base of the mantle as a model for the D" layer. The inner core conductivity is in most cases assumed to be equal to that of the outer core and the influence of the D" layer on instability is investigated. The results are compared with those of the previous Chapter in the appropriate limits. In the final problem considered we extend the linear stability analysis into the weakly nonlinear regime. The annulus is bounded in the direction of the axis of rotation by perfectly conducting plates and the cylindrical walls are assumed to be perfectly insulating. To simplify the analysis the magnetostrophic approximation is made. Using a multiple scales expansion technique an amplitude equation is derived and the coefficients evaluated to determine if the instabilities are of sub- or supercritical type. As a check on the results the geostrophic flow that arises in the nonlinear regime is used as input into the linear code and its effect on the field strength required for instability investigated. The calculations in this thesis were carried out on the University of Glasgow's IBM 3090-150E/VF mainframe computer. The graphics have been produced using the GHOST80 graphics package. The results of Chapters 2 and 3 can also be found in Lamb (1994a,b).
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PENYERTAAN MODAL PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN DAERAH AIR MINUM (PDAM) KOTA PAREPARE

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to find out how much the participation of the local government in PDAM Parepare City and to know the effect of the participation of the regional government capital on the performance of the Municipal Water Company (PDAM) of Parepare City. The data collection techniques used in this study are observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques in this study are using quantitative methods of financial performance formulas namely Current ratio, profit margin, operating ratio, return on investment (ROI). The results of this study indicate that the participation of local government capital to PDAM in general shows a value that continues to increase during the years 2014 - 2018 and the inclusion of regional government capital has no effect on PDAM performance.