jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Serologic response to Bartonella henselae in patients with cat scratch disease and in sick and healthy children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Indirect fluorescent antibody assay (IFA) is the most reliable test for detecting antibody to Bartonella henselae in the diagnosis of cat scratch disease (CSD). Recently, an ELISA test has been proposed, but conflicting results are reported. We compared IgG‐IFA and IgG‐IgM ELISA methods in CSD patients and in healthy children. We also tested ELISA specificity in a large group of healthy controls and in children with lymphoma‐associated lymphadenopathy and with pyogenic lymphadenitis. The ELISA procedure was positive in 69/78 patients with CSD (sensitivity 89.6%), in 5/100 healthy children (specificity 95%), in 2/51 patients with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma or pyogenic lymphadenitis (specificity 96%) and in 27/296 blood donors (specificity 91.6%). In 34 patients with CSD, ELISA IgM and IgG responses decreased significantly between time of diagnosis of the disease and recovery. We found significantly higher IgG‐ELISA titres in cat‐owners, whether blood donors or healthy children, than in non‐cat‐owners. The IgG‐IFA test gave positive results in 69/78 patients with CSD (sensitivity 89.6%) and in 5/62 healthy controls (specificity 92.5%). The ELISA method is a cheap, sensitive method for determining antibody response to Bartonella henselae infection and is also important for evaluating the clinical course of the disease and the efficacy of antibiotic therapy. The high specificity of ELISA in patients with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma will help the clinician to exclude a potentially life‐threatening disease associated with lymphadenopathy.
Thermodynamics and structure of LixTiS₂ : theory and experiment

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This thesis describes experimental methods, including in situ X-ray diffraction, especially suited to the study of lithium intercalation systems,and discusses the interpretation of the results obtained in a study of Li[sub=x]TiS₂. A rigid plate and spring model of layered intercalation systems is developed and is used to investigate the role of lattice expansion and elastic energy in layered intercalation compounds. When the elastic energy, calculated using the spring and plate model, is included in the Hamiltonian of a three dimensional lattice gas model for Li[sub=x]TiS₂ good agreement between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions are obtained. Staging, not lithium ordering, is identified as the dominant physical mechanism in Li[sub=x]TiS₂.
Analysis of a Single Centre's Protocol of the Treatment of 5th Metatarsal Fractures. What Patients Need a Face-To-Face Fracture Clinic Review?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: 5th metatarsal fractures are a common injury attending foot and ankle clinics in the UK. Within our department, we established a protocol to reduce the burden on fracture clinic of 5th metatarsal fractures by limiting face-to-face consultations to Zone 2 and 3. We sought to investigate whether our practice was consistent and the ultimate patient destination. Methods: Patients were identified from our database. We included all 5th metatarsal fractures referred to our virtual fracture clinic with a confirmed 5th metatarsal fracture. Data was collected on virtual fracture clinic (VFC) outcomes including telephone review, clinic reviews and requirement of surgery. Plain AP radiographs were reviewed for fracture morphology. Fractures were defined as Zone 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2, 3, diaphyseal shaft (DS), distal metaphysis (DM) and head. A binary linear regression analysis model was used. All data was analysed using IBM SPSS v.27. Results: 1360 patients met the inclusion criteria (mean age of 48.1; range 16-95, sd=19.1). 430 (31.6%) were planned for face-to- face review, however following telephone review, 542 (39.9%) were sent appointments (p<.001 McNemar). On univariate analysis, only fractures in Zone 1.1 were associated with a plan to discharge from VFC (OR 2.851, p<.001), with Zone 3 fractures associated with a plan for face-face review (p<.001). Following telephone review, Zone 2 (OR 1.387, p=.034) and Zone 3 (OR 3.285, p<.001) fractures were the only fractures significantly associated attending a face-to-face clinic appointment, with Zones 1.1 (OR 0.573, p=.008) and 1.2 (OR 0.642, p=.033) negatively associated. Zone 3 fractures were the only fractures that retained significance for attending >1 appointment (OR 4.639, p>.001) and requiring surgery (OR 3.895, p=.037). Only 15 patients (1.1%) required surgery, with 9 being for non-union and 5 being acute operations in younger patients (median age = 34 vs 51). Conclusion: There was a significant increase in patients requiring face-face review after telephone conversation. In addition to Zone 3 injuries and Zone 2 injuries had also required face-face reviews following telephone consultation. Based on these results, all Zone 2 and 3 fractures should be considered for at least one face-to-face fracture clinic review. Operative management is rare and usually secondary to non-union.
Cellulolytic enzymes in <i>Microbulbifer</i> sp. Strain GL-2, a marine fish intestinal bacterium, with emphasis on endo-1,4-β-glucanases Cel5A and Cel8

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cellulose is an abundant biomass on the planet. Various cellulases from environmental microbes have been explored for industrial use of cellulose. Marine fish intestine is of interest as one source of new enzymes. Here, we report the discovery of genes encoding two β-glucosidases (Bgl3A and Bgl3B) and four endo-1,4-β-glucanases (Cel5A, Cel8, Cel5B, and Cel9) as part of the genome sequence of a cellulolytic marine bacterium, Microbulbifer sp. Strain GL-2. Five of these six enzymes (excepting Cel5B) are presumed to localize to the periplasm or outer membrane. Transcriptional analysis demonstrated that all six genes were highly expressed in stationary phase. The transcription was induced by cello-oligosaccharides rather than by glucose, suggesting that the cellulases are produced primarily for nutrient acquisition following initial growth, facilitating the secondary growth phase. We cloned the genes encoding two of the endo-1,4-β-glucanases, Cel5A and Cel8, and purified the corresponding recombinant enzymes following expression in Escherichia coli. The activity of Cel5A was observed across a wide range of temperatures (10-40 ˚C) and pHs (6-8). This pattern differed from those of Cel8 and the commercial cellulase Enthiron, both of which exhibit decreased activities below 30 ˚C and at alkaline pHs. These characteristics suggest that Cel5A might find use in industrial applications. Overall, our results reinforce the hypothesis that marine bacteria remain a possible source of novel cellulolytic activities.
Tetrahydrofolate and other growth requirements of certain strains of Ruminococcus flavefaciens

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Two strains of Ruminococcus flavefaciens were studied. Each grew in a chemically defined minimal medium containing: minerals; ammonium sulfate as a nitrogen source; amino acids as a nitrogen source, a growth promotant(s) or as both; cellobiose as an energy and carbon source; isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, carbonic acid, and bicarbonate as additional carbon sources; and biotin, thiamine, and tetrahydrofolic acid as vitamins. Tetrahydrofolic acid (5 ng/ml) served as a replacement for rumen fluid that was required in previous media tested for the growth of these bacteria. The present bacteria differ from many of the ruminococci previously studied in that they do not require either p-amino-benzoic acid or folic acid but do require tetrahydrofolic acid for maximum growth. Dihydrofolic acid and 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid can substitute for tetrahydrofolic acid in minimal chemically defined medium. Thus, there must be extensive metabolic interaction between the microbes inhabitating the rumen, because the R. flavefaciens isolated had complex requirements for growth and yet was among the predominant bacteria in the rumen of cattle fed a simple vitamin B-deficient, nonprotein nitrogen, high-fiber, purified diet.
Preliminary results with a high-resolution inductively coupled plasma Fourier transform spectrometer

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents some preliminary results obtained by monitoring the optical emission from an argon radiofrequency inductively coupled plasma using a Fourier transform spectrometer. The system is shown to be capable of obtaining high (picometer) resolution data over a large wavelength range (>100 nm) in a relatively short period of time (ca. 6 min). The possibility of monitoring several wavelengths simultaneously in order to provide an averaged emission value for a particular element is analysed and results are presented to show that this can offer some improvement in signal to noise ratio.
Triangulating Surfaces with Bounded Energy

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We show that if a closed Lipschitz surface in $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$ R n has bounded Kolasinski–Menger energy, then it can be triangulated with triangles whose number is bounded by the energy and the area. Each of the triangles is an image of a subset of a plane under a diffeomorphism whose distortion is bounded by $$\sqrt{2}$$ 2 .
Cortical dynamics of three-dimensional surface perception: Binocular and half-occluded scenic images

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Previous models of stereopsis have concentrated on the task of binocularly matching left and right eye primitives uniquely. A disparity smoothness constraint is often invoked to limit the number of possible matches. These approaches neglect the fact that surface discontinuities are both abundant in natural everyday scenes, and provide a useful cue for scene segmentation. da Vinci stereopsis refers to the more general problem of dealing with surface discontinuities and their associated unmatched monocular regions within binocular scenes. This study develops a mathematical realization of a neural network theory of biological vision, called FACADE theory, that shows how early cortical stereopsis processes are related to later cortical processes of three-dimensional surface representation. The mathematical model demonstrates through computer simulation how the visual cortex may generate three-dimensional boundary segmentations and use them to control filling-in of three-dimensional surface properties in response to visual scenes. Model mechanisms correctly match disparate binocular regions while filling-in monocular regions with the correct depth within a binocularly viewed scene. This achievement required the introduction of a new multiscale binocular filter for stereo matching which clarifies how cortical complex cells match image contours of like contrast polarity, while pooling signals from opposite contrast polarities. The filter also suggests how false binocular matches and unmatched monocular cues are automatically handled across multiple spatial scales. Pooling of signals from even- and odd-symmetric simple cells at complex cells helps to eliminate spurious activity peaks in matchable signals. Later stages of cortical processing by the blob and interblob streams, including refined models of cooperative boundary grouping and reciprocal stream interactions between boundary and surface representations, are modeled to provide a complete simulation of the da Vinci stereopsis percept.
Press Conference from Combination Epigenetic Therapy Has Efficacy in Patients with Refractory Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>mp3 file (49.6MB). Patients with recurrent metastatic non-small cell lung cancer have a morbid prognosis, but a new epigenetic therapy may have potential for this population. Cancer Discovery Editors-in-Chief Jose Baselga, M.D., Ph.D. and Lewis C. Cantley, Ph.D. moderated a press conference about this research on Wednesday, Nov. 9, 2011.</p>
Neutrosophic triplets in some neutrosophic rings

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, some mistakes about the neutrosophic triplets of some neutrosophic rings in the literature are pointed out and corrected. For this purpose, the neutrosophic triplets in neutrosophic rings , and where Z, Q and R denote the ring of integers, field of rationals and field of reals respectively are reinvestigated. It was claimed that has only trivial neutrosophic triplet in a paper which was recently published in Mathematics. But, as a result of the calculations, it was seen that has non-trivial neutrosophic triplets. Also neutrosophic triplets of the rings and in the same literature was calculated incomplete.
Perioperative medicine: is there a place for simulation technologies?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The article discusses in detail a new direction in clinical practice – perioperative medicine. Perioperative medicine is a set of measures aimed at reducing variability in care throughout the perioperative period and improving their coordination. It is emphasized that anesthesiologists and intensive care specialists have the greatest competencies for this area. The authors discuss in detail the role of simulation technologies in the training of doctors of perioperative medicine, focusing on teaching non-technical and cognitive skills.
Polish Civil Proceedings: How Much Europeanised?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

National procedural systems have always played an important role in enforcing European Union (EU) law. The details of these systems have differed substantially in different legal cultures and over time. The common elements that emerge in them are growing in number which can be associated with what is usually called ‘Europeanisation’. If a necessary impulse for domestic change is provided to countries by the EU, it is justified, however, to use names ‘EU-Europeanisation’ or ‘Unionisation’, as put directly by A. Lenschow. Largo sensu Europeanisation, on the other hand, is not limited to the EU-Europeanisation and EU effects on domestic developments. There may be other international impacts from other European fora. The impact of the European Court of Human Rights within European countries can be interpreted as an instance of largo sensu Europeanisation. In Poland, the European Convention of Human Rights was incorporated into laws in early 1990s. The influence of the Court interpreting the Convention on Polish laws can be seen in the introduction of the legal framework for the summons for injunctions against delays in proceedings in 2004 and its significant amendment in 2009. However, these changes are not going to be analysed in this chapter.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 8 from GDNF–RET Signaling in ER-Positive Breast Cancers Is a Key Determinant of Response and Resistance to Aromatase Inhibitors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>PDF file - 4112K, Characterization of long-term E2 deprived (LTED) breast cancer cell line (S1); Characterization of the MCF7-2A model (S2); Treatment of MCF7 cells with ICI 182,780 blocks ERdependent GDNF signaling (S3); Generation of the GDNF-RGS (S4); GDNF-RGS positivity correlates with poor outcome in human breast cancer (S5); Kaplan-Meier analyses for breast cancer cases stratified by GDNF-RGS (S6); Correlation of GDNF-RGS with Ki67 staining following anastrozole treatment (S7); ER H-score values in 52 paired primary tumor samples pre-aromatase inhibitor treatment (pre-AI) and recurrent/metastatic tumors following adjuvant AI treatment (post-AI) (S8).</p>
Application of Long Anchor in Support Optimization of Soft Rock Tunnel

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

supporting structure parameters optimization is always a research focus in soft rock tunnel. Combined with Youfangping tunnel in Guzhu highway, the scheme of long anchor supporting has been provided. Usually the length of systematic anchor was determined according to experience, it often not reasonable. In order to determine the length of anchor, in-situ wave velocity test and theoretical calculation was used, and with the consideration of safety and economy, the length of anchor was determined as 4.5m finally; At the same time combined with in-situ monitoring measurement, two test sections was selected, and with the comparison of the designed supporting scheme and the original strong supporting scheme, it can be found that: no matter from the sight of surrounding rock deformation, stress applied on surrounding rock or force pattern of supporting structure, the supporting form by lengthening anchor can control surrounding rock deformation more effectively, can improve the bearing capacity of surrounding rock fully and improve the effect of supporting structure. And the supporting scheme of long anchor was more reasonable than the strong supporting scheme. This long anchor supporting scheme can provided new thought to supporting design of soft rock tunnel in Guzhu highway.
Intrathoracic manifestations of sickle cell disease.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A retrospective analysis of 50 patients with sickle cell disease was performed. The majority of patients was admitted because of sickle cell crisis, pneumonia or congestive heart failure. Global cardiomegaly, pulmonary vascular engorgement, pneumonia and infiltrative lung parenchymal abnormalities were encountered. Our study shows a very high prevalence of intrathoracic abnormalities in patients afflicted with sickle cell disease.
Anticancer effect of PMEDAP--monitoring of apoptosis.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Antitumor effect of N-9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy) ethyl]-2,6-diaminopurine (PMEDAP) was studied in an in vivo model of s.c. transplanted Sprague-Dawley (SD/cub) rat T-cell lymphomas. Three individual SD/cub neoplasias (SD10/96, SD14/97, SD1/90) of different phenotypes were used. During the treatment, survival of the rats, increase of lymphoma mass, and DNA fragmentation detected by APO/BRDU kit, as well as Bcl2 and p53 protein expression, were followed. The study gives evidence of the positive therapeutic effect of PMEDAP in two of the three tested lymphomas, SD10/96 and SD14/97. Slowly growing SD1/90 lymphoma differs from the others in a uniform karyotype with trisomy of chromosome 11, CD4- immunophenotype, heterogeneous cellular morphology and constitutive expression of p53 protein found in some neoplastic cells. Thus, the diverse anticancer efficacy of PMEDAP treatment among SD/cub lymphomas could be associated with the different phenotypes of individual neoplasias.
Horizontal and vertical resource dilemmas in natural resource management: the case ofAfrican fisheries

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The world's fisheries are under severe pressure. Yet, according to the marine trophic index, the health and stability of marine ecosystems vary greatly across countries. The argument developed and tested in this article holds that some of the sources of this variation can potentially be derived from differences in the character of two fundamental relationships in society – a horizontal one between resource users and a vertical relationship between the government and the resource users. The empirical analysis focuses on sub‐ S aharan Africa and finds that levels of ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity and levels of democracy in the year that each country declared its exclusive economic zone have a close relationship with ensuing marine exploitation patterns.
THE ROYAL CEMETERIES OF KUSH. Vol. 1, ‘E1 Kurru’ By Dows Dunham. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1950, pp. XXII+105, figs. 44, pls. LXXIII, maps 2, Charts 2, Price $25. - Vol. III, ‘Decorated Chapels of the Meroitic Pyramids at Meroë and Barkal’, by Suzanne E. Chapman with text by Dows Dunham. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Harvard University Printing Office, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A (Reproductions printed by Meriden Gravure Co., Meriden, Conn., U.S.A.), 1952, pp. VII+5, pls. 34. Price, $20.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

THE ROYAL CEMETERIES OF KUSH. Vol. 1, ‘E1 Kurru’ By Dows Dunham. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1950, pp. XXII+105, figs. 44, pls. LXXIII, maps 2, Charts 2, Price $25. - Vol. III, ‘Decorated Chapels of the Meroitic Pyramids at Meroë and Barkal’, by Suzanne E. Chapman with text by Dows Dunham. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Harvard University Printing Office, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A (Reproductions printed by Meriden Gravure Co., Meriden, Conn., U.S.A.), 1952, pp. VII+5, pls. 34. Price, $20. - Volume 28 Issue 109
682 TEI-Pulsed tissue Doppler imaging index in the detection of viability in akinetic left ventricular segments

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Echocardiographic characteristics and their implication in the outcome of elderly patients hospitalised with acute myocardial infarction are largely unknown.Methods: We studied 92 consecutive patients 89 years of age or older admitted from January 1998 to December 2002 to our institution with an acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation and/or left bundle branch block on their first 12 lead ECG, 74 (80.4%) had an echocardiographic study and were the population of interest, although 5 echocardiographys were performed in an acute situation to confirm heart rupture and only provided data concerning pericardial effusion.Results: Age ranged from 89 to 97, mean 91.3±2.2 years.There were 60 women (65.2%).Echocardiographic features: 1) Left ventricle.Ejection fraction: Normal 13 patients (18.8%), 0.41-0.5 14 patients(20.3%),0.31-0.4 9 patients (13.0%), <0.31 33 patients (47,8%).Dilatation 17 (25.4%).Hypertrophy 26 (38.8%), moderate/severe hypertrophy 11 (16.4%).2) Moderate/severe valvular disease: Mitral regurgitation 24 (35.3%),Aortic stenosis 7 (10,5%).3) Severe pericardial effusion: 6 (8.1%), all of them died during hospital admission.In-Hospital mortality was higher among patients with left ventricle ejection fraction <0.31 36.4% vs 5.6% in pts with left ventricle ejection fraction>0.3,p=0.007 and among patients with severe pericardial effusion: 100% vs 15% in patientswith moderate or less pericardial effusion, p<0.001.We also found a trend towards a higher mortality in patients with moderate/severe aortic stenosis 28.6% vs. 16.6% in patients with no significant aortic stenosis, p=0.4.Conclusion Patients aged 89 years or older with an AMI present frequently with severely depressed LVEF, severe pericardial effusion, and significant aortic stenosis.Each of these echocardiographic parameters could increase in-hospital mortality. 682TEI-Pulsed tissue Doppler imaging index in the detection of viability in akinetic left ventricular segments.
Short- and long-term effects of over-reporting of grades on academic self-concept and achievement.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study examined the short- and long-term effects of self-enhancement (i.e., overreporting of academic grades) on academic self-concept and academic achievement. A total of 916, 719, and 647 students participated in the first, second, and third waves of assessment, respectively (mean age at T1 = 15.6 years). At each assessment, students reported their last midterm grades and their self-concepts in mathematics, German, English, and French. Actual midterm grades were obtained from the school administrations. Results showed that self-enhancement was positively associated with self-concept in the short term. However, in the long term, self-enhancement was directly associated with stronger decreases in self-concept and indirectly with stronger decreases in achievement that were linked to inflated self-concepts. Implications for research and educational practice are discussed.