jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reenchantment as Resonance 1

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The standard thesis of the disenchantment of the world appears as a self-referential claim maintaining something about the claimant. In a nutshell, it contends that we, moderns, live in a world that does not resonate with us, which is mute, indifferent, mindless, and therefore usable, exploitable, consumable, but not intrinsically worthy or meaningful. In my chapter, I discuss an alternative view of the relationship between self and world by taking three interrelated steps. First, starting from a first-person perspective, I wonder why the experiences of enchantment have to cave in and give way to disillusionment: is this an inescapable feature of the human condition and, if such is the case, what sort of inescapability are we dealing with here? Second, as long as episodes of enchantment do happen, I ask then what kind of human potential is embodied by them. Third, I inquire whether there are ways to account for the reasons supporting the two stances of enchantment and disenchantment without making them mutually incompatible by focusing on Hartmut Rosa's theory of resonance and asking whether a resonant world can be plausibly described as a reenchanted world.
Melatonin Enhances the Low-Calcium Stress Tolerance by Regulating Brassinosteroids and Auxin Signals in Wax Gourd

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In plants, calcium (Ca) serves as an essential nutrient and signaling molecule. Melatonin is a biologically active and multi-functional hormone that plays an important role in improving nutrient use efficiency. However, its involvement in plant responses to Ca deficiency remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to assess the effects of melatonin on Ca absorption, the antioxidant system, and root morphology under low-Ca (LCa) stress conditions, as well as to identify key regulatory factors and signaling pathways involved in these processes using transcriptome analysis. Under LCa conditions, wax gourd seedling exhibited significant decreases in Ca accumulation, showed inhibition of root growth, and demonstrated the occurrence of oxidative damage. However, melatonin application significantly enhanced Ca content in wax gourd seedlings, and it enhanced the absorption of Ca2+ in roots by upregulating Ca2+ channels and transport genes, including BhiCNGC17, BhiCNGC20, BhiECA1, BhiACA1, and BhiCAX1. Furthermore, the application of exogenous melatonin mitigated the root growth inhibition and oxidative damage caused by LCa stress. This was evidenced by increases in the root branch numbers, root tips, root surface area, and root volume, as well as enhanced root vitality and antioxidant enzyme activities, as well as decreases in the reactive oxygen species content in melatonin treated plants. Transcriptome results revealed that melatonin mainly modulated the brassinosteroids (BRs) and auxin signaling pathway, which play essential roles in root differentiation, elongation, and stress adaptation. Specifically, melatonin increased the active BR levels by upregulating BR6ox (a BR biosynthesis gene) and downregulating BAS1 (BR degradation genes), thereby affecting the BR signaling pathway. Additionally, melatonin reduced IAA levels but activated the auxin signaling pathway, indicating that melatonin could directly stimulate the auxin signaling pathway via an IAA-independent mechanism. This study provides new insights into the role of melatonin in nutrient stress adaptation, offering a promising and sustainable approach to improve nutrient use efficiency in wax gourd and other crops.
Immunohistochemical demonstration of neuron-specific enolase in gynecologic malignant tumors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gynecologic malignant tumors were studied by the immunoperoxidase method for neuron-specific enolase (NSE). They included 22 argyrophil cell carcinomas of the endometrium, 6 argyrophil small cell carcinomas of the cervix, 21 argyrophil cell adenocarcinomas of the ovary (endometrioid type, 10; mucinous type, 11) and 3 ovarian carcinoids (strumal type, 2; insular type, 1). NSE was demonstrated in all cases of argyrophil small cell carcinomas of the cervix and ovarian carcinoids. On the other hand, NSE was positive only in four cases of endometrial carcinomas with argyrophil cells. Argyrophil cell adenocarcinomas of the cervix and the ovary were immunohistochemically negative for NSE. The current results suggest that argyrophil small cell carcinoma of the cervix, ovarian carcinoid, and some endometrial argyrophil cell carcinomas are related to APUDoma.
Modeling Installation Effects on Motorized Impeller Performance

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Motorized impeller performance is typically measured with the impeller exhausting into a plenum. In practice, impellers are usually packaged in obstructive modules or fan trays. The exhaust is usually obstructed at the sides of the impeller, and above and below it. Restricting exhaust to either the front or the rear is particularly detrimental. In this paper, a relatively simple CFD impeller modeling approach, designated the distributed blade model, is described and used to predict the measured performance of three packaged impellers, ranging in size from 133 mm in diameter to 225 mm. This new approach does not model the individual impeller blades but rather approximates their effect by using a rotating volumetric resistance to force the flow within the impeller bladed region to follow the approximate blade camber lines. Deviation (slip) is permitted to match the impeller torque to the known torque. This computationally inexpensive model produces results in good agreement with measured values of torque and pressure rise for the impellers operating with a free (unobstructed) discharge, as well as with the performance reduction due to packaging in modules. Minimal data are required to predict packaging (installation) losses - impeller torque and RPM at a single mid-to-high flow, and an assumed or measured average blade angle, are sufficient. Pre-calculations with a free discharge to obtain such things as the impeller inlet axial-to-radial flow turning loss, needed with some other modeling approaches, are unnecessary
The percentage of cells with 17p deletion and the size of 17p deletion subclones show prognostic significance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract TP53 disruption is considered to be the most important prognostic factor in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but not all patients with TP53 disruption have similar dismal outcomes. We evaluated the prognostic value of TP53 disruption in CLL patients without treatment indications. Data of 305 CLL patients were analyzed. 41 of them (13%) had TP53 disruption. Patients with lower percentage of cells with del(17p) had significantly better survival. Patients with mutated IGHV , β2‐microglobulin ≤3.5 mg/L, wild‐type TP53 , age ≤65 years or without complex karyotype (CK) had relatively favorable outcomes in the del(17p) group. Furthermore, patients with del(17p) as a minor clone showed survival advantage compared with those with del(17p) as a major clone. These data suggest that the percentage of cells with del(17p), the size of the del(17p) subclone, CLL International Prognostic Index, and CK should be considered to build refined prognostication models for patients with TP53 disruption.
RANTES Chemokine in Bronchoalveolar Lavage is Indicated by High-Resolution Computed Tomography in Sarcoidosis Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Levels of the chemokine RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and presumably secreted) were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage from most-and least-involved lung segments of 28 patients with sarcoidosis, as estimated by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Twelve of the patients showed homogenous distribution of HRCT changes in their lung parenchyma; the other 16 showed nonhomogenous distribution of their HRCT changes, with dominant pathologic changes in the upper lobes. Eleven healthy volunteers served as controls. Significantly higher concentrations of RANTES were observed in both lung segments of the patients compared with the control group. In the nonhomogenous distribution group, the RANTES concentrations in the upper lobe (with the most HRCT changes) were significantly higher than in the lower lobe (with the least HCRT changes). Concentrations of RANTES in bronchoalveolar lavage from the most-and least-involved lung segments highly correlated with lymphocyte count and lymphocytes CD3, CD4, and HLA-DR+, and poorly correlated with the diffusing capacity of the sarcoidosis. Our results suggest that the chemokine RANTES may play a significant contributory role in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis by intensifying the inflammatory phase of alveolitis.
Outcomes after breast cancer in an ethnically diverse cohort of high-risk patients: Differences in survival based on BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation status

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

21116 Background: Most studies of hereditary breast cancer report that BRCA1 associated tumors are characterized by high grade and hormone receptor negativity, while those associated with BRCA2 are more similar to sporadic cases. Several groups have demonstrated that BRCA1 mutations, but not BRCA2 mutations, are associated with reduced survival in women with breast cancer. These studies have primarily included women of European and Ashkenazi Jewish heritage. No study to date has assessed outcomes in an ethnically diverse cohort of high-risk individuals. Methods: High-risk individuals were identified through the University of Chicago Cancer Risk Clinic (UCCRC). Clinicopathologic data was collected on all patients with breast cancer who had undergone genetic testing and consented to inclusion in research protocols. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) for BRCA1, BRCA2 and non-carriers was compared using the log-rank test. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) were calculated from Cox proportional hazard models. Results: 280 patients from 258 families were studied. 67 were BRCA1 mutation positive, 36 were BRCA2 positive and 177 were non-carriers. 65% of patients were non-Hispanic non-Jewish whites, 15% African American, 15% Ashkanazi Jewish, 3% Hispanic and 2% Asian. At a median follow up of 5 years, 40 patients had relapsed and 22 had died. HRs (95% CI) for RFS of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers relative to non-carriers were 1.6 (0.77–3.33) and 1.3 (0.55–3.09) respectively, when adjusted for year at diagnosis. The adjusted HRs (95% CI) for OS for the BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers relative to non-carriers were 1.82 (0.48–3.02) and 0.67 (0.15–3.04), respectively. Conclusions: In this study of an ethnically diverse cohort of high-risk individuals, BRCA1 mutation carriers had a poorer outcome as compared to those with BRCA2 mutations or those without identifiable mutations in either gene, although this difference was not statistically significant. This observation is consistent with previous studies of women of predominantly Ashkenzi Jewish and European ancestry. This study was funded by the Falk Medical Research Trust, the Breast Cancer Research Foundation and the Entertainment Industry Fund. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Charles, Hon. Sir (Arthur) William (Hessin), (born 25 March 1948), a Judge of the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, since 2014 (Family Division, 1998–2014); President, Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber), since 2012; Vice President, Court of Protection, since 2014; President, First-tier Tribunal (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber), since 2016

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

"Charles, Hon. Sir (Arthur) William (Hessin), (born 25 March 1948), a Judge of the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, 2014–18 (Family Division, 1998–2014); President, Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber), 2012–18; Vice President, Court of Protection, 2014–18; President, First-tier Tribunal (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber), 2016–18" published on by Oxford University Press.
Transcriptional regulation of ribosomal proteins during a nutritional upshift in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The relative rates of synthesis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribosomal proteins increase coordinately during a nutritional upshift. We constructed a gene fusion which contained 528 base pairs of sequence upstream from and including the TATA box of ribosomal protein gene rp55-1 (S16A-1) fused to a CYC1-lacZ fusion. This fusion was integrated in single copy at the rp55-1 locus in the yeast genome. During a nutritional upshift, in which glucose was added to cells growing in an ethanol-based medium, we found that the increase in the relative rate of synthesis of the beta-galactosidase protein product followed the same kinetics as the change in relative rates of synthesis of several ribosomal proteins measured in the same experiment. This demonstrates that the nontranscribed sequences upstream from the rp55-1 gene, which are present in the fusion, are sufficient to mediate the change in rates of synthesis characteristic of ribosomal proteins under these conditions. The results also suggest that a change in transcription rates is mainly responsible for the increase in relative rates of synthesis of ribosomal proteins during a nutritional upshift in S. cerevisiae.
[Concerning differences in male and female life expectancy in Italy].

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This citation corrects the information on the author's name as provided in 52:10167. The author assesses methods of estimating mortality rates of males and females in Italy during the nineteenth century. Of the methods discussed, Arriaga's index of relative change is considered the most suitable. Two methods for determining the contribution of mortality changes in different age groups to total change in life expectancy are outlined. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND FRE)
Tourism and the preservation of Old Belief in Estonia: the frontstage and backstage of Estonian Old Believers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Estonian Old Believers (EOB) are a culturally endangered small Estonian national minority. Thanks to the government's support to tourism development some secular and religious aspects of the EOB's cultural heritage have been used to organize 'tourism of Old Belief'. The organization of such tourism and its effects on the preservation of Old Belief have not been addressed in the relevant policy-making. Analysis shows that project-based tourism organization, which lacks coordination and the application of sustainability in the context of this community, has only a minimal economic effect. And due to the effect of commodification, tourism challenges the EOB culturally. This raises a question about the limits of tourism organization, which is understood in terms of a differentiation of the frontstage and backstage of EOB life.
PCT and Beyond: Towards a Computational Framework for `Intelligent' Communicative Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Recent years have witnessed increasing interest in the potential benefits of `intelligent' autonomous machines such as robots. Honda's Asimo humanoid robot, iRobot's Roomba robot vacuum cleaner and Google's driverless cars have fired the imagination of the general public, and social media buzz with speculation about a utopian world of helpful robot assistants or the coming robot apocalypse! However, there is a long way to go before autonomous systems reach the level of capabilities required for even the simplest of tasks involving human-robot interaction - especially if it involves communicative behaviour such as speech and language. Of course the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made great strides in these areas, and has moved on from abstract high-level rule-based paradigms to embodied architectures whose operations are grounded in real physical environments. What is still missing, however, is an overarching theory of intelligent communicative behaviour that informs system-level design decisions in order to provide a more coherent approach to system integration. This chapter introduces the beginnings of such a framework inspired by the principles of Perceptual Control Theory (PCT). In particular, it is observed that PCT has hitherto tended to view perceptual processes as a relatively straightforward series of transformations from sensation to perception, and has overlooked the potential of powerful generative model-based solutions that have emerged in practical fields such as visual or auditory scene analysis. Starting from first principles, a sequence of arguments is presented which not only shows how these ideas might be integrated into PCT, but which also extend PCT towards a remarkably symmetric architecture for a needs-driven communicative agent. It is concluded that, if behaviour is the control of perception, then perception is the simulation of behaviour.
Definitive Evidence for the Contribution of Biradical Character in a Closed-Shell Molecule, Derivative of 1,4-Bis-(4,5-diphenylimidazol-2-ylidene)cyclohexa-2,5-diene

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This study provides conclusive proof that the thermally excited open-shell state with biradical character is contributing to the ground state of a closed-shell molecule, tF-BDPI-2Y, where four hydrogen atoms at the central phenylene ring are substituted with four fluorine atoms of 1,4-bis-(4,5-diphenylimidazol-2-ylidene)cyclohexa-2,5-diene (BDPI-2Y). A small increase in the population of biradical species of tF-BDPI-2Y results in the formation of the dimer form by the radical recombination reaction. Controlling the equilibrium between a closed-shell diamagnetic-quinoid state and an open-shell paramagnetic-biradical state will provide significant progress in the field of pi-conjugated delocalized biradical chemistry.
Microbiological and molecular genetic aspects of the antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Background: Non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii) occupy more and more stable positions as pathogens of nosocomial infections. We studied the etiology of nosocomial infections in patients in the intensive care unit and surgery, examined the level of antibiotic resistance and the presence of genetic determinants of resistance – The genes of metal metallo-beta-lactamase (IMP, VIM and NDM-1) and MCR-1. Methods and materials: The study was based on data set from a multidisciplinary hospital (Vladivostok, Far East, Russia). The object of the study was 60 strains of A. baumannii and 100 strains of P. aeruginosa isolated in 2009–2017 from patients in the departments of surgery and resuscitation. Results: The dominant pathogens of nosocomial infections were Staphylococcus aureus (36.7%), S. epidermidis (17.5%), P. aeruginosa (15.0%), A. baumannii (10.8%). A marked change in the etiological structure was observed over the study period — a decrease in the share of Gram+ and an increase in Gram– by 22% due to A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. The disk diffusion method revealed a high level of resistance of P. aeruginosa to penicillins (77.6%) and beta-lactams (76.4%), to Cefepime (76%). 100% of A. baumannii strains were resistant to Cefoperazone and Phosphomycinum, 93.9% to Cefepime. PCR was used to study some genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance of metallo-beta-lactamase IMP, VIM and NDM-1. In P. aeruginosa, blaIMP gene was determined in 19% of cases, blaVIM gene in 45%. In A. baumannii – 10% and 52%, respectively. NDM-1 was detected in one strain of A. baumannii from those isolated in 2009, and in 20% of strains in 2017. In P. aeruginosa, the NDM-1 was first detected in 2017 (in 4% of strains). Another very important marker of multiresistance, MCR-1, was found in one strain of P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: In the etiological structure of nosocomial infections in recent years there has been a pronounced tendency to increase the proportion of non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria; a high level of antibiotic resistance; as well as the appearance and spread of important genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance, NDM-1 and MCR-1 among strains of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii.
Clinical utility of molecular testing to select therapy in relapsed/refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine experience.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

11571 Background: Relapsed/refractory (R/R) non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) have a poor prognosis with limited treatment options. Our expanding knowledge of molecular alterations seen in R/R NHL allows identification of patients that potentially may benefit from a precision medicine approach. However, experience in routine clinical implementation of precision medicine has been limited. Here, we summarize our clinical experience in molecular characterization of RR NHL targeted therapy (TT) using next-generation sequencing (NGS), and selection of targeted therapy (TT) based on molecular profile. Methods: We conducted a prospective study in RR NHL through the Center for Individualized Medicine at Mayo Clinic. Consenting patients underwent NGS using FoundationOne Heme panel from biopsies done at time of relapse. Results of NGS were discussed at the Genomic Tumor Board and recommendations for TT were given based on matching specific molecular alteration(s) with potential agent(s) predicted to be active based on NGS. The agents could include FDA-approved, off-label use and clinical trial therapies. Results: 28 cases were enrolled: 18 aggressive NHL, 10 follicular lymphoma (FL). Molecular alterations were present in all cases. In aggressive B-cell NHL, CDKN2A/B gene cluster alterations were seen in 73% (8/11), while seen in only 1/7 T-cell lymphomas (TCL), and 1/10 FL. TP53 deletions were second most common genomic alterations in DLBCL (57%) and seen in 40% FL. JAK-STAT and ERBB pathways were altered in TCL (2/7 each). IGH-BCl-2 gene rearrangement were common in FL (70%), followed by MLL gene alterations (50%). Targetable mutations were present in 86% (24/28) of cases. A TT was recommended in all 24 cases, but received by 2 patients only. Remaining patients did not due to benefit from current therapy (10/24), ineligibility or lack of clinical trial (7/24) or interim clinical deterioration (5/24). Conclusions: Targetable mutations were identified in most cases of RR NHL with TT recommended for all cases. However, access to TT limits potential clinical benefit of molecular-based matching strategy. More studies are needed to assess impact on clinical outcomes.
Pb substitution effects on the critical current density in MgO doped Bi2212 crystals

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

For heavily Pb substituted Bi2212 crystals with MgO doping, we found not only the critical current density J/sub c/ anisotropy decreasing to a half as much as Pb free MgO doped crystals but J/sub c/ and irreversibility field B/sub irr/ improvement. Apparent pinning potential U/sub 0/* derived from flux creep experiments for these crystals also increased. Those results suggest that the effect of MgO doping is more pronounced by decreasing the J/sub c/ anisotropy of crystals. Dislocation increase in the Pb substituted Bi2212 crystals due to MgO doping was observed with a transmission electron microscope.
Map of Jefferson County, Ohio - Sheet 1 of 2

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Map of Jefferson County, Ohio, from actual surveys by Jas. Keyly. Hand colored; Revised and corrected by Jos. M. Richey; Shows township boundaries, railroad lines, roads, property owners and location of public buildings and businesses; Includes insets of Mount Pleasant, Smithfield, Knoxville, Richmond, New Alexander, Warrenton, La Grange, Steubenville, Newburgh, Springfield and Bloomfield, with county statistics, business directories and illustrations of various residences, business establishments, etc.