jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Psychosexual and Body Image Aspects of Quality of Life in Turkish Breast Cancer Patients: A Comparison of Breast Conserving Treatment and Mastectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims and background Assessing psychosexual and body image aspects of quality of life in Turkish breast cancer patients treated by either mastectomy or breast conserving treatment (BCT). Methods The study group consisted of 112 patients who had undergone all treatment at a single institution under the care of a multidisciplinary breast team. Following surgery all patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy and hormone therapy. At the time of this study all patients were disease free with at least 2 years' follow-up. Twenty percent of the patients were premenopausal and 80% postmenopausal. The patients completed a questionnaire consisting of 42 questions related to their sexual relations and body image. Results Forty-one percent of sexually active patients had experienced a deterioration of sexual functioning after treatment. This was mainly due to loss of libido (80%), loss of interest in partner (54%), and sexual dissatisfaction (59%). Problems tended to develop early in the course of treatment. Decreased sexual desire was significantly more frequent in patients undergoing mastectomy versus BCT (80% vs 61%; P = 0.043) and in premenopausal versus postmenopausal patients (P= 0.024). Although 80% of patients were satisfied with their apperance as a whole, only 54% liked their naked bodies. There was no significant difference in body image scores between patients undergoing mastectomy or BCT apart from a general feeling of physical unattractive-ness in mastectomy patients (3.4 vs 2.8; P = 0.03). Conclusions Significant, similar psychosexual and body image problems occur in patients treated for breast cancer with either mastectomy or BCT. Problems arise early in the course of the disease and therefore detection and treatment of these problems should be addressed during the patients' initial assessment and at the start of treatment. These findings are similar to those reported on similar groups of treated women in American and European populations.
Spin-induced non-geodesic motion, gyroscopic precession, Wigner rotation and EPR correlations of massive spin 1/2 particles in a gravitational field

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We investigate in a covariant manner the spin-induced non-geodesic motion of massive spin 1/2 particles in an arbitrary gravitational field for trajectories that are initially geodesic when spin is ignored. Using the WKB approximation for the wave function in curved spacetime, we compute the O(hbar) correction to the Wigner rotation of the spin 1/2 particle, whose O(1) contribution is zero on timelike geodesics. We develop conditions for the motion of observers in which the Wigner rotation is null. For the spherically symmetric Schwarzschild metric, we consider specific examples of particle motion in the equatorial plane for (i) circular orbits and (ii) radially infalling trajectories. For the former case we consider the entanglement for a perfectly anti-correlated EPR entangled pair of spins as the separate qubits traverse the circular orbit in same direction.
Subnational constitutionalism in Belgium

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Subnational constitutionalism is a delicate topic in Belgium: of little relevance in daily life, but touching some nerves as a symbol of autonomy. The embryonic level of subnational constitutionalism, as well as the symbolic value attached to it, have to be understood within the context of Belgian federalism in a divided state. Belgian federalism is fragmenting, multinational, dyadic, overlapping and asymmetric. The procedure for changing subnational constitutional provisions is more flexible than the procedure for amending the federal Constitution or for amending special majority laws, which often have a quasi-constitutional character. The way subnational constitutionalism is shaped, with punctual deviations to federal provisions, makes for fragmentation and therefore little transparency. The Belgian Constitution designates the 'nation' as the source of all powers. The concept of national sovereignty became outdated as soon as the Constitution, in 1970, lay the foundation for the multinational organization of political institutions in a divided state.
THE USE OF ANTIFIBRINOLYTIC DRUGS TO PREVENT EARLY RECURRENT ANEURYSMAL SUBARACHNOID HAEMORRHAGE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the incidence of early recurrent haemorrhage and the survival rate in a series of 34 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage treated with an antifibrinolytic drug (AMCA) for three weeks. The fibrinolytic activity in blood and CSF from these patients was determined before and at regular intervals during the treatment. The invariably high levels of fibrin degradation products in CSF noted before treatment showed that fibrinolysis was already increased, a finding also made in our previous investigations. Although the present clinical material was relatively small, the data obtained suggest that inhibition of fibrinolysis reduces the incidence of early recurrences during the preoperative period of patients eligible for surgical treatment and those conservatively treated. There were six recurrences in the series, but two of them occurred after the third week of treatment. In both cases the recurrence was ascribed to the fibrinolysis that had started again as soon as AMCA in the CSF was no longer demonstrable. In one patient the recurrence was not associated with increased FDP in CSF, and in the remaining three, the recurrence was presumably due to insufficient inhibition of local fibrinolysis in addition to hypertension. The fact that rebleeding occurred after the third week of treatment suggests the necessity of prolonging the prophylactic antifibrinolytic therapy to six weeks with gradual reduction of the dose of AMCA. During such reduction, however, it is imperative to examine the CSF repeatedly to check that complete inhibition of the local fibrinolysis is maintained. Such prophylactic treatment is useful in the management of cases in which operation must be postponed owing to the patient's poor general condition and in cases allocated to conservative treatment.
INTERMEDIATE TRANSFORMATION STRUCTURE AND CONTROL COOLING PROCESS IN LOW CARBON BAINITIC STEEL

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. The influence of processing parameters on the intermediate phase transformation for the low carbon microalloying steel was studied. Three kinds of microstructures were observed in the isothermally held specimens: the quasi-polygonal ferrite, intergranularly and/or intragranularly nucleated acicular ferrite and lath-like bainitic ferrite sheaves. During the continuous cooling, the cooling rate and the accelerated cooling start and finish temperature were investigated and the optimum TMCP process was determined for the low carbon bainitic steel.
A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Computer Anxiety in College Students

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

As computers are introduced into school curricula, it is important to be able to evaluate student attitudes and reactions toward computers in order to assure the successful implementation of computers. In this study, the attitudes and reactions of two samples of college students from Los Angeles, California, and Hunan, People's Republic of China, toward computers were examined and compared. The results indicate that computer anxiety is present to a similar degree for both samples of American and Chinese students.
The Influence of Pop-Culture on Misattribution of Memory.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Social media platforms provide a source for transmittinginformation that can become widely accepted. However, inthis process of transmission, information becomes susceptibleto distortion. In this study, we assessed people’s semantic(i.e., prior expectations) and recognition memory for popculture content, as a function of confidence and perceivedinformation source. In Experiment 1, we investigatedsemantic memory for ubiquitous movie quotes (e.g., thefamous Star Wars quote “Luke I am your father”). Notablythis quote is incorrect, but we found that a majority ofparticipants accepted these lure quotes as true with highconfidence and indicated they had experienced the originalsource. In Experiment 2, participants viewed the originalmovie sources before a recognition test of the quotes. Wefound that while there was some improvement, people stillpreferred the lure quote with high confidence. We discuss thefindings in terms of the strength of people’s prior expectationswhen reconstructing events from memory.
Rhabdomyosarcoma. A new classification scheme related to prognosis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We classified 159 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) according to the conventional scheme adopted by the World Health Organization and a modified conventional scheme established at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, Md. The major modification in the NCI scheme was the inclusion of compact round-cell RMS with scant myogenesis in the group of alveolar RMS despite lack of an alveolar architecture. These tumors were previously considered to be embryonal RMS, but their cytologic features are quite different from those seen in embryonal RMS and are indistinguishable from those encountered in alveolar RMS. These tumors are referred to as "solid alveolar RMS." Survival curves were constructed with the method of Kaplan-Meier and compared with the unstratified and stratified methods of Mantel-Haenszel (with stratification factors being stage, site, and age) and with the Cox regression analysis. Both histologic schemes showed a statistically significant prognostic value in unstratified analyses, but the NCI scheme demonstrated prognostic value even in stratified analyses and in the Cox regression analysis in our series of cases. The data indicate that the NCI scheme can serve as a highly predictive, independent prognostic factor in RMS and that the alveolar category should be expanded to include the solid round-cell RMS, even in the absence of a classic alveolar architecture.
Teahouses and the Tea Art: A Study on the Current Trend of Tea Culture in China and the Changes in Tea Drinking Tradition

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

he subject of this thesis is tradition and the current trend of tea culture in China. In order to answer the following three questions whether the current tea culture phenomena can be called tradition or not; what are the changes in tea cultural tradition and what are the new features of the current trend of tea culture; what are the endogenous and exogenous factors which influenced the change in the tea drinking tradition , I did literature research from ancient tea classics and historical documents to summarize the development history of Chinese tea culture, and used two month to do fieldwork on teahouses in Xi an so that I could have a clear understanding on the current trend of tea culture. It is found that the current tea culture is inherited from tradition and changed with social development. Tea drinking traditions have become more and more popular with diverse forms. It closely combined with the social economy. Moreover, the changes in tradition are influenced by human beings and the social environment. The requirements for convenience and equality have influenced the changes in tradition endogenously while the economic and political influences as well as western cultures and development of mass media are the exogenous factors which have made the changes in tea drinking tradition.
The effects of interactive peer play and teacher-child relationships on young children's leadership

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aimed to examine the effects of interactive peer play and teacher-child relationships on young children's leadership. A questionnaire survey assessing interactive peer play, teacher-child relationships, and leadership was conducted with 200 children attending early childhood education institutions in J City. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0, with Pearson's correlation analysis conducted to examine relationships and stepwise regression employed to analyze the effects. First, the analysis revealed significant positive relationships among interactive peer play, teacher-child relationships, and young children's leadership. Second, the analysis of the effects of on young children's leadership revealed that leadership was significantly predicted by interactive peer play, and then teacher-child relationship. Further analysis of subdomains revealed that play interaction a subdomain of peer play and intimacy a subdomain of teacher-child relationships were the strongest predictors of leadership. These findings contribute to both theoretical and practical understandings of young children's leadership development and offer foundational insights for designing teaching-learning methods, program development, and educational policies.
Determination of free energies of N-capping in a-helices by modi� cation of the Lifson-Roig helix-coil theory to include N- and C-capping

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT: We have previously shown that varying the N-terminal amino acid in a-helical peptides can cause large variations in helix content (Chakrabartty et al., 1993a). The Lifson-Roig theory for the helix-coil transition predicts, however, that substitutions a t the N-terminus in an unacetylated peptide should have no effect on a-helix stability. We have therefore modified the theory to include these N-capping effects by assigning a statistical weight (the &quot;n-value&quot;) to the amino acid immediately preceding a stretch of helical residues. The n-value measures the N-capping propensity of an amino acid, and like the helix propensity (w-value), it is independent of neighboring residues or positions in sequence. The new theory was used, with the experimental data for these substitutions, to calculate n-values and, hence, free energies for N-capping for the amino acids Gln, Ala, Val, Met, Pro, Ile, Leu, Thr, Gly, Ser, and Asn as well as for the acetyl group, which is commonly used to cap peptides. The free energies vary by =2 kcal mol- &apos; from Gln (worst) to Asn (best), and the acetyl group is nearly as effective as Asn. N-Capping free energies were also found for Leu, Thr, Gly, Ser, and Asn when the N-terminus is charged a t pH 5. The unfavorable effect of protonation of the N-terminus in an a-helix was found to be = O S kcal mol-&apos;. Our results agree well with a survey of N-capping preferences from protein crystal structures and are compared to results from site-directed mutagenesis of N-caps in proteins.
Indian Nationalism and Hindu Widowhood: Contesting Margins in Indira Goswami’s Adha Lekha Dastabej

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A relentless motif surrounding Indian nationalism has been the proliferation of the image of Indian womanhood, wherein the 'woman' symbolizes the spirit of purity. Thus, Indira Goswami in her autobiography Adha Lekha Dastabej or An Unfinished Autobiography probes the underlying foundation of the rituals and religious ethics and the unquestioned beliefs which perpetrate and perpetuate female oppression. Historically, the genre of autobiography was chosen as a medium of self-referential writing by Indian women only from the late nineteenth century onwards, ironically as a consequential effect of colonialism. Indira Goswami's autobiography highlights the exploitation and poverty of widows dumped in the sacred city of Vrindavan to eke out their days in prayer by uncaring families under the guise of religious sanction and tradition. Thus, Aadha Lekha Dastabej illustrates the popular culture associations of widows with sexual availability and thereby equating it with prostitution.
Impact of resistant exercise on the cardiorespiratory fitness of the elderly: a systematic review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Oxygen consumption is a physical condition that presents a significant decline due to aging. Resistance training has demonstrated efficiency in delaying some harmful effects of advancing age, however, the influence on the cardiorespiratory capacity of the elderly requires further elucidation. Objective: To elucidate the impact of resistance exercise programs on the cardiorespiratory fitness of healthy elderly people. Methods: This is a systematic review of randomized clinical trials searched in 9 databases, with the following keywords: “resistance training”, “elderly” and “cardiorespiratory fitness”. Results: 6 studies were selected for the review and showed that the elderly population, when subjected to resistance training programs, obtains gains in VO2 adaptations when evaluated through cardiorespiratory tests. The gain was greater in those who associated aerobic exercise with resistance training. Conclusion: Elderly people undergoing resistance training obtain an improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness, with its benefits increased when resistance training is associated with aerobic training (combined exercise).
Attawapiskat River 2 testate amoebae surface sample dataset

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Raw data for the Attawapiskat River 2 testate amoebae surface sample dataset submitted to the Neotoma Paleoecology Database. Data is available through the landing page in JSON format. The landing page referenced by the DOI also contains links to publications and a map-based viewer for the dataset. The Neotoma Paleoecology Database maintains a homepage at https://www.neotomadb.org.
LHD 6O-AL01-08-NF #162491.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The plasma monitor cameras are installed in 6-T, 6-O and 10-O ports for monitoring LHD plasmas. Five cameras are set in 3-O port for observing the lower divertor structure near 2.5-L port and the plasma-wall interactions on the divertor plates.
Lexical norms, language comprehension, and the epistemology of testimony

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

It has recently been argued (for instance by Sanford Goldberg, expanding on earlier work by Tyler Burge) that public linguistic norms are implicated in the epistemology of testimony by way of underwriting the reliability of language comprehension. This paper argues that linguistic normativity, as such, makes no explanatory contribution to the epistemology of testimony, but instead emerges naturally out of a collective effort to maintain language as a reliable medium for the dissemination of knowledge. Consequently, the epistemologies of testimony and language comprehension are deeply intertwined from the start, and there is no room for grounding the one in terms of the other.
Two Siblings with Phenotypes Mimicking Peroxisomal Disorders but with Discordant Biochemical Findings

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors present a report on two siblings with a nearly identical phenotype mimicking peroxisomal disorder but with totally discordant biochemical findings. In an attempt to confirm the diagnosis of a peroxisomal disorder, plasma levels of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) and phytanic acid were determined. In addition, fibroblasts profile of VLCFA and plasmalogen levels were evaluated for Case 2. Pathomorphological examinations represented by lymph node and kidney biopsies as well as postmortem examinations of liver, adrenals and brain were performed in Case 1. The phenotypes of both siblings showed marked resemblance to those observed in children with Zellweger syndrome. The results of biochemical tests performed in Case 1, together with abundant peroxisomes in the liver and the wide spectrum of clinical abnormalities suggest pseudo-Zellweger or Zellweger-like syndromes, but no conclusive data have been found. The plasmalogen level in fibroblasts as well as the fibroblasts profile of VLCFA noted in Case 2 were within the normal range, thus excluding the possibility of a peroxisomal disorder. The striking phenotype resemblance of the siblings mimicking Zellweger, together with discordant biochemical findings, are difficult to explain on the basis of currently available tests.
Knockdown of α2,3-Sialyltransferases Impairs Pancreatic Cancer Cell Migration, Invasion and E-selectin-Dependent Adhesion

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Aberrant sialylation is frequently found in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). α2,3-Sialyltransferases (α2,3-STs) ST3GAL3 and ST3GAL4 are overexpressed in PDA tissues and are responsible for increased biosynthesis of sialyl-Lewis (sLe) antigens, which play an important role in metastasis. This study addresses the effect of α2,3-STs knockdown on the migratory and invasive phenotype of PDA cells, and on E-selectin-dependent adhesion. Characterization of the cell sialome, the α2,3-STs and fucosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of sLe antigens, using a panel of human PDA cells showed differences in the levels of sialylated determinants and α2,3-STs expression, reflecting their phenotypic heterogeneity. Knockdown of ST3GAL3 and ST3GAL4 in BxPC-3 and Capan-1 cells, which expressed moderate to high levels of sLe antigens and α2,3-STs, led to a significant reduction in sLex and in most cases in sLea, with slight increases in the α2,6-sialic acid content. Moreover, ST3GAL3 and ST3GAL4 downregulation resulted in a significant decrease in cell migration and invasion. Binding and rolling to E-selectin, which represent key steps in metastasis, were also markedly impaired in the α2,3-STs knockdown cells. Our results indicate that inhibition of ST3GAL3 and ST3GAL4 may be a novel strategy to block PDA metastasis, which is one of the reasons for its dismal prognosis
Competition after mergers near review thresholds

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Size thresholds determine whether a national authority reviews a merger and separate national and supranational responsibility. Firms could pursue competition-reducing mergers before they come under any regulatory oversight. Using data on German procurement auctions, I analyse competition effects near review thresholds. Four years after a merger, competition in procurement auctions decreases after mergers that are reviewed by the German national authority, relative to mergers below the threshold. However, when acquiror and target competed in procurement auctions before the merger, competition relatively increases after a German national merger review. Anti-competitive effects after nationally reviewed mergers without pre-merger activity in procurement may get unnoticed by the authority.
Construction and Application of SSR Fingerprints of Hu′nan Hybrid Cotton Varieties

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The research on Xiangzamian series varieties and parts of their parents planted in the Yangtze River Region were conducted,using the method of SSR molecular markers,primers with polymorphism on these varieties and their parents were screened and their DNA fingerprinting maps were constructed.It can be applied on the detection of seed purity and recognition for the unknown cultivars.