jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Novel Advanced Composite Bamboo Structural Members with Bio-Based and Synthetic Matrices for Sustainable Construction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper experimentally investigates the properties of unprecedented new advanced composite structural members in compressions made of bamboo culms formed with different bio-based and synthetic matrices. Due to extensive CO2 emissions corresponded to the production of construction materials, it is essential to produce high-performance environmental-friendly construction materials from bio-based renewable resources such as bamboo. However, the use of bamboo culms in construction has been hindered by their inherent specific geometric hollow shape. To address this issue, small-diameter bamboo species were used in this study to form solid structural composite cross-sections to desired shapes. An experimental study was conducted on the compressive properties of six composite structural members made of commonly available bamboo species (Phyllostachys edulis or Moso) with different matrices including a bio-based furan resin, a cementitious grout, and epoxy. In order to prevent premature buckling of bamboo components within the engineered columns, and in an attempt to propose a bio-based structural column, three layers of hemp wrap where applied to provide confinement for bamboo culms. The results of the tests confirm that the bamboo-furan and bamboo-grout composite columns both have the potential to reach a remarkable compressive strength of 30 MPa. However, the bamboo-epoxy composite specimen, considering the excellent mechanical properties of the epoxy matrix, delivered a benchmark to demonstrate the potentials of bamboo-based structural sections by reaching 76 MPa compressive strength before crushing. The bamboo-epoxy composite provided new prospects for future work on the 100% bio-based versions of the bamboo-based sections with improved bio-matrices (by using bio-epoxy and improved furan resins with compatible mixes) and innovative confinement types. With the promising results of this study, there is a real opportunity of creating contemporary engineered bamboo-based structures as a sustainable replacement to the existing steel, concrete and timber structures.
UNC5D, suppressed by promoter hypermethylation, inhibits cell metastasis by activating death‐associated protein kinase 1 in prostate cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Prostate cancer ( PC a) death primarily occurs due to metastasis of the cells, but little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of UNC 5D , a newly identified tumor suppressor gene, analyze its epigenetic alterations, and elucidate its functional relevance to PC a metastasis. Meta‐analysis of publicly available microarray datasets revealed that UNC 5D expression was frequently downregulated in PC a tissues and inversely associated with PC a metastasis. These results were verified in clinical specimens by real‐time PCR and immunohistochemistry assays. Through methylation analysis, the downregulated expression of UNC 5D in PC a tissues and cell lines was found to be attributable to the hypermethylation of the promoter. A negative correlation was observed between methylation and UNC 5D mRNA expression in PC a samples. The ectopic expression of UNC 5D in PC a cells effectively reduced their ability to migrate and invade both in vitro and in vivo, and si RNA ‐mediated knockdown of UNC 5D yielded consistent results. UNC 5D can recruit and activate death‐associated protein kinase 1, which remained to be essential for its metastatic suppressor function. In conclusion, these results suggested that UNC 5D as a novel putative metastatic suppressor gene that is commonly down‐regulated by hypermethylation in PC a.
Extraction of Epigallocatechin Gallate and Epicatechin Gallate from Tea Leaves Using β‐Cyclodextrin

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Use of organic solvents to extract phenolic compounds from plants may result in environmental pollution and cause health problems in persons. Replacing organic extraction solvents by green extracting agents without affecting the extraction yield is one of the most pressing problems to be solved. The aim of this study is to evaluate the capacity of β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) to recover phenolic compounds from tea leaves. The extract obtained using the ethanol/water mixture presented the highest total phenolic content, followed by those obtained using β‐CD solution and water. HPLC analysis of the extracts showed that the addition of β‐CD to the extracting agent had a selective effect on the extraction of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin gallate (ECG). The extraction yield of EGCG and ECG using 15 g/L β‐CD were higher than that obtained using water and 50% ethanol. Molecular docking results indicated that the molecules of EGCG and ECG were more inclined to interact with β‐CD than epigallocatechin, epicatechin, and gallocatechin. The impact of β‐CD concentration, temperature, and time on EGCG and ECG extraction from tea leaves was investigated and the maximum amount of EGCG (118.7 mg/g) and ECG (54.6 mg/g) were achieved when extracted with 25 g/L aqueous β‐CD solution at 60 °C for 60 min. The present study indicates that aqueous β‐CD can be used as an alternative to organic solvents to recover EGCG and ECG from tea leaves.
Ethnic Media and Ethnic Groups

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Reading the daily newspaper, or turning on the radio or television for the news or other information is such a commonplace and routine part of the life of most adult Australians that probably few of us ever wonder how new immigrants, or longer term residents from overseas obtain the news and information which is such a natural part of the day. For the overseas-born the media are also a means of retaining contact with the ethnic community in Australia, keeping up to date with events in the homeland, maintaining the cultural, historical and religious links within the ethnic group, and learning about the new country.
BDD Method for Evaluating Reliability of Traffic-Path-Based Network Model

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a new method for evaluating the reliability of traffic-path-based models representing telecommunications networks. The key idea is to use the binary decision diagram (BDD) method, which memorizes the computational results in the binary expansion appearing in the evaluation, so that we can reuse them in further steps. While this method is a fast evaluation for other models such as graph-based models, no previous work has applied it to a traffic-path-based network model. Our numerical experimental results show that the BDD method is surely faster for large models than the most recently proposed existing method.
Effectiveness of User Interface Metaphor on Performance and Attitude in Web-Based Learning Environment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

본 연구는 웹기반 학습환경에서 인터페이스 메타포(metaphor) 구조가 학업성취와 인터페이스의 사용편의성에 어떤 영향을 주며, 또한 학습내용 제시 방법이 학습자의 만족도에 미치는 영향을 경험적으로 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 인터페이스 메타포(metaphor) 설계 방법에 대한 선행 연구들을 고찰하여 인터페이스에 적용할 메타포를 통합 메타포와 복합 메타포로 선정하였고 이를 바탕으로 3가지의 인터페이스를 개발하였다. 총 69명의 성인 학습자를 대상으로 세 가지 유형의 메타포 구조를 적용한 웹기반 학습 프로그램으로 학습하게 한 다음 그 결과를 비교하였다. 제안된 인터페이스 메타포 구조에 따른 효과를 검증한 결과, 인터페이스에 적용한 메타포 구조는 학업성취에 유의미한 영향을 주었다. 그러나, 인터페이스 사용 편의성, 정보제시 방법에 대한 만족도는 인터페이스 집단간에 차이가 없었다. 본 연구는 웹기반 학습환경에서 사용한는 인터페이스는 메타포 구조와 같은 구조적 설계 방법론의 적용에 대한 경험적 근거를 제시했다는 점에 의의가 있다고 볼 수 있다.
Embodied Architectural Geographies of Consumption and theMall Paseo ChiloéControversy in Southern Chile

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In recent years, the geographies of architecture have expanded to include the affective and emotive dimensions of everyday life and the politics of urban space. This article explores these embodied geographies of architecture in an emerging urban landscape that has the built environment at its core: the postdictatorship retail landscape of neoliberal Chile. By drawing on findings from ethnographic research around the role of affect and emotion in the controversial development of a particular shopping mall in southern Chile, we get a better sense of how retail capital expands into new territories and how it responds to and enrolls embodied geographies in the process. Although this process does include the expansion of a particular kind of spatial technology that works through affective architectural interventions, this article also illustrates how such an expansion relies on prevailing imaginative and emotional geographies in important ways. As such, this embodied architectural geography does not sideline human subjectivity but explores its complex relationship with the materiality of landscape and affective architectural space. Key Words: affect, emotion, imaginative geography, landscape, shopping mall.
I HEART LocoRoco – a reading of a gameplay experience

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the diverse landscape of modern gaming it is rare to find specific games that are universally described in affectionate terms. Allegiances to form and genre identify the various tribes and often the divide between gaming sub-cultures runs deep. Passionate players pride themselves both by the longevity of their status and via signifiers of skill acquired. These traits typify what has become known as the “hardcore” player; in popular gaming culture the hardcore is often positioned contra the “casual” player with hours and type of game played as the main criteria for qualification. However these terms are ludicrous at best and fall short in describing the multitude of people who play digital games. The following is focussed on one particular Sony PSP game franchise that has received widespread critical acclaim, LocoRoco. This is a 2D platform game initially released in Europe in Summer 2006 and although it has not gone platinum this title got to No 5 in the UK Charts and has won 2 BAFTA’s for character design and children’s game in 2006. LocoRoco 2 was released in the U.K. in November 2008. Sony’s Tsutomu Kouno, the Director of LocoRoco, has stated that one of his design intentions was to make a game that appealed to those who didn’t normally play games (Kouno, 2006). This statement is key in my selection of this game. As a hugely lucrative yet nascent industry, it is of interest to study the ways in which commercial developers attempt to attract new players to part with their hard-earnt entertainment dollar. My investigation looks to explicate game design decisions that entice a player into dialogue with the ongoing game experience. I will look at issues including pleasure and seduction within the action and reward cycle inherent to gameplay.
Radiolarian abundances from IODP Holes 349-U1431D, 349-U1432C and 349-U1433A

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

We studied radiolarian abundances in 303 samples from International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 349 in the South China Sea (SCS), which cored five deep-sea sites. Three of them, Sites U1431, U1432, and U1433, are located along a latitudinal gradient. We analyzed, using a light microscope, the total radiolarian abundance (radiolarians per gram of dry sediment) for middle and upper Pleistocene sedimentary sequences from these three sites. Radiolarian abundances are higher uphole, in particular at Site U1432 (northern SCS). Site U1433 (southwestern SCS) contains the lowest numbers of radiolarians. In general, there are more barren samples in the older part of the section, with the upper Pleistocene having higher abundances and more consistent presence of radiolarians.
Calcium Accumulation during the Evolution of Hypoxic—Ischemic Brain Damage in the Immature Rat

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

An excessive accumulation of calcium in neuronal and other tissues has been postulated to represent a “final common pathway” for cell death arising from hypoxia-ischemia. To clarify the role of altered calcium flux into and distribution within the perinatal brain undergoing hypoxic-ischemic injury, 7-day postnatal rats underwent unilateral common carotid artery ligation followed by 3 h of hypoxia with 8% oxygen. This insult is known to produce brain damage confined to the cerebral hemisphere ipsilateral to the arterial occlusion in >90% of the animals. Either before or after hypoxia-ischemia, the animals received a subcutaneous injection of [ 45 Ca]Cl 2 , and their brains were subjected to 45 Ca autoradiography at 0–1, 5, 24, and 72 h, 7 or 15 days thereafter. During hypoxia-ischemia, calcium flux into the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere was prominent in 13 of 14 rat pups, especially in neocortex, hippocampus, striatum, and thalamus. Calcium accumulation also occurred to a variable degree (6 of 14 animals) in the contralateral cerebral hemisphere. During recovery, radioactivity in the contralateral cerebral hemisphere was no longer apparent, whereas in the ipsilateral hemisphere, the extent of calcium accumulation was mild in four of six at 1 h, moderate in three of six at 5 h, moderate to intense in six of seven and six of seven at 24 and 72 h, respectively, and intense in three of three and two of two animals at 7 and 15 days, respectively. As during hypoxia-ischemia, the distribution of the radioactivity was most prominent in those structures that are known to be vulnerable to hypoxic-ischemic injury. Thus, hypoxia-ischemia is associated with enhanced calcium uptake into the immature brain, which does not dissipate but rather progressively accumulates for up to 15 days of recovery. The findings implicate a disruption of intracellular calcium homeostasis as a major factor in the evolution of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.
4183New onset atrial fibrillation in acute coronary syndrome: early vs late onset

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The prognostic impact of the timing where new-onset Atrial Fibrillation (AF) occurs in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients isn't well studied. Objective Evaluate the predictors and prognostic impact of early-onset AF (EAF) and late-onset AF (LAF) in ACS patients. Methods We analysed 17016 patients with ACS enrolled in a national multicenter registry from October 2010 to January 2019. Patients with history of valvular disease, valve replacement, AF present at hospital admission or those who died in the first 48 hours were excluded. EAF was defined as AF in the first 48 hours of hospitalization and LAF after 48 hours. The primary endpoint was a composite of death and readmission from cardiovascular causes at 1 year. Results The mean age was 65±13 years; 74% were males and 42% had STEMI). 324 (1.9%) had EAF and 344 (2.0%) had LAF. The predictors of EAF were age ≥75 years (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.53–2.70, p<0.001); history of heart failure (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.09–3.02, p=0.022), STEMI diagnosis (OR 2.74, 95% CI 2.06–3.61, p<0.001), admission Killip class (KK)≥2 (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.98–3.69, p<0.001). The predictors of LAF were age ≥75 years (OR 3.15, 95% CI 2.36–4.19, p<0.001), history of stable angina (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.06–1.90, p=0.018), cerebrovascular disease (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.14–2.46, p=0.008), COPD (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.58–3.44, p<0.001), STEMI diagnosis (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.77–3.03, p<0.001), admission KK ≥2 (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.54–2.76, p<0.001) and stress hyperglycemia (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.15–2.05, p=0.003) In STEMI patients only those with LAF had higher symptoms time (245 (IQR 165–400) minutes vs 284 (IQR 200–425) min; p=0.02). During hospitalization, LAF patients had a worse prognosis with a higher rate of heart failure, re-infarction, stroke, major bleeding and death (Table 1). In the follow-up, in multivarite analysis, only LAF was a predictor of the primary endpoint (EAF: HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.50–1.25, p=0.314; LAF: HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.05–2.00, p<0.025). Complications during hospitalization No AF EAF LAF p Death 1.3 6.5 12.5 <0.001 Heart Failure 11.4 38.3 50.3 <0.001 Re-enfarction 1.0 0.9 3.5 <0.001 Stroke 0.5 0.9 3.8 <0.001 Major bleeding 1.3 4.3 4.1 <0.001 Kaplan Meier curve Conclusion Patients with EAF and LAF have different characteristics and outcomes with LAF patients having a worse in-hospital and long term prognosis.
Students’ Evaluation of Language Teaching and Learning Using Microsoft Teams

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study sets out to investigate students’ language learning experiences, interactions, and assessment achievements in using Microsoft Teams, and to discern potential correlations among these components. The study was conducted using mixed-method approach via the use of a survey and focus group discussion. The survey was administered to 168 students from a university in Malaysia, the items of which comprise demographic information, learning experiences, interaction patterns, and assessment achievements. Additionally, to validate the results of the survey, a focus group discussion was conducted. Findings indicate that students have a positive outlook of their language learning experiences, interactions and assessment achievements on Microsoft Teams, and that there were correlations identified among students’ interactions, assessments, and learning dimensions. This study highlights the importance of educators’ understanding of Microsoft Teams’ capabilities and limitations to enhance language learning outcomes and students’ learning experiences. Furthermore, to enrich user experience, teaching and learning should be tailored to leverage Microsoft Teams effectively and this includes fostering meaningful interactions, designing engaging assessments, and utilizing the platform’s features. Though the study focuses on Microsoft Teams, it still offers valuable insights into optimizing other online classroom platforms for language education.
Measuring Interference from Midseason Tall Morningglory (Ipomoea purpurea) to Develop a Model for Teaching Weed Seedbank Effects on Chile Pepper

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Tactics that target seedbanks are important components of weed management systems; however, such tactics can be difficult to adopt because consequences of seedbank reduction are often unclear. This study developed model-based software to provide insights on the economic outcomes, in the context of chile pepper production, of additions to tall morningglory seedbanks. Data for the model were derived from this and previous studies. In this study, field experiments were conducted to determine chile pepper yield and harvest efficiency responses to mid-season tall morningglory infestations. The experimental treatments were factorial combinations of herbicide (pendimethalin-treated, nontreated) and tall morningglory density (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 plants 10-m row –1 ). Treatments were installed 9.5 weeks after crop seeding. Data collected included fresh weight of marketable chile peppers and time required for one individual to harvest 10-m of crop row, which was used to calculate the amount of chile pepper harvested in 1 min (harvest efficiency). Results indicated that crop yield was not influenced by tall morningglory density, pendimethalin treatment and interactions between tall morningglory density and pendimethalin. Harvest efficiency was influenced by tall morningglory density but was not influenced by herbicide treatment or interactions between herbicide treatment and tall morningglory density. Each additional tall morningglory plant decreased the amount of chile pepper harvested in 1 min by 9.7 g. The results of this and previous studies were used to develop model-based software that presents tall morningglory seedbank density effects on: (1) tall morningglory seedling densities after pendimethalin, (2) time requirements for hand-hoeing after pendimethalin, and (3) time requirements for hand-harvesting to acquire yield goals. The model-based software is intended to be used in the instruction of weed seedbank management strategies. By presenting seedbank density effects on weed control outcomes and crop production expenses, the model-based software might promote adoption of seedbank reduction strategies.
From Folklore to Fiction: A Study of Folk Heroes and Rituals in the Black American Novel

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article From Folklore to Fiction: A Study of Folk Heroes and Rituals in the Black American Novel. H. Nigel Thomas. New York Greenwood Press, 1988. xiv + 200 pages. $37.95. Get access From Folklore to Fiction: A Study of Folk Heroes and Rituals in the Black American Novel. H. Nigel ThomasNew York: Greenwood Press, 1988. xiv + 200 pages. $37.95. Craig Werner Craig Werner University of Wisconsin-Madison Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MELUS, Volume 16, Issue 1, Spring 1989-1990, Pages 113–115, https://doi.org/10.2307/467585 Published: 01 March 1990
A 30-Year Study of 3 Generations at High Risk and Low Risk for Depression

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In this study, biological offspring with 2 previous generations affected with major depression were at highest risk for major depression, suggesting the potential value of determining family history of depression in children and adolescents beyond 2 generations. Early intervention in offspring of 2 generations affected with moderate to severely impairing MDD seems warranted. The specificity of the transmission of depression across 3 generations may make this group a homogeneous sample for biological marker studies.
Improved Clinical Practice for Childhood Obesity Screening and Management

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Childhood obesity is a profound problem in America. The Chronic Care Model (CCM) is a comprehensive approach to chronic disease management that improves patient outcomes and has been successfully applied to pediatric obesity. This purpose of this study was to improve clinical practice according to evidence-based practice and streamline workflow for childhood obesity screening and management in the primary care setting based on CCM concepts. For resource-limited pediatric clinics, this study offers a model for initiating improvements in childhood obesity screening and management.
Exploring the Link between Oil Exploitation and Cancer in the Indigenous Population of Ecuador: A Scoping Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

With cancer accounting for 19% of deaths and projected to rise in the coming years, Ecuador’s inequities in healthcare coverage remain a major concern for the rural, indigenous populations. While the cancer burden among this vulnerable population has been much publicized in the context of the controversial oil extraction in the Amazon, there is contradictory evidence on its occurrence and determinants. This review critically discusses the available literature on cancer among indigenous people in Ecuador and explores the link between oil exploitation and cancer occurrence among indigenous people using a scoping review approach. The results of this review show there is a clear but inconsistent association between oil exposure and cancer risk in indigenous populations of Ecuador. While the environmental magnitude of oil extraction in this region is a topic of debate, our findings point to the interplay with social determinants and other sources of carcinogenic compounds, which exacerbates the risks faced by indigenous communities. Based on these findings, this study puts forward three arguments to contextualize the occurrence of cancer related to oil exploitation in the Amazon, and puts forth key recommendations for public health initiatives embedded within the local community.