jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
USE OF AI IN THE ICU FOR MONITORING CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized the management of critically ill patients, especially in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Through predictive algorithms, AI enables real-time analysis of large volumes of data, helping to identify serious conditions early and personalize treatments. This has provided faster diagnoses and more accurate interventions, in addition to optimizing clinical decision-making. OBJECTIVE: With this in mind, the objective of this study was to analyze the impact of the main artificial intelligences for the optimization of intensive care. METHODOLOGY: The present work is an integrative literature review, in view of the need to agglutinate the main types of scientific works and analyze their impact related to the theme under discussion. The search was carried out in an exploratory manner in the main databases of the medical literature, such as PubMED, Cochrane, SciELO and Web of Science. RESULTS: The results obtained reinforce the importance of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in monitoring, early diagnosis, and personalization of care in ICUs. Several studies highlight the positive impacts of AI, particularly in the continuous monitoring of vital signs and the early detection of critical conditions such as sepsis, organ failure, and other complications in critically ill patients. CONCLUSION: The use of AI in intensive care medicine has already demonstrated its value in improving clinical outcomes, reducing mortality, and personalizing the treatment of critically ill patients, as long as it continues to be implemented as a clinical decision support and not as a substitute for medical judgment.
Factors Affecting Obesity in Urban and Rural Adolescents: Demographic, Socioeconomic Characteristics, Health Behavior and Health Education

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In this study, we aimed to analyze the demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, health behavior factors, and health education of urban and rural adolescents and their impact on obesity in rural and urban youths. We analyzed data from 60,040 students from 800 schools using the 14th Youth Health Behavior Web-based Survey data for 2018. The mean age of the participants was 15.01 ± 1.77; 30,463 (50.7%) males and 29,577 (49.3%) females. The data were analyzed using a chi-square test and multinominal logistic regression analysis. Rural adolescents had significantly lower parental income, parental education, and academic performance levels. Urban adolescents tended to have a higher rate of breakfast fasting, ate more fast-food, exercised less, had a higher rate of sleep dissatisfaction, and had significantly higher current alcohol intake. Rural adolescents reported more stress and obesity levels than their urban counterparts. Factors influencing the obesity of urban adolescents were grade level, father’s education, mother’s education, academic performance level, fast-food, exercise, current alcohol intake, and sleep satisfaction. Factors influencing the obesity of rural adolescents were parents’ income level, academic performance level, exercise, and sleep satisfaction. To effectively prevent and manage adolescent obesity, which is an indicator of health equity among adolescents, an effort must be made to improve health education and the local environment in both urban and rural areas.
Endoscopic Goniotomy With Anterior Chamber Maintainer: Surgical Technique and One-Year Results

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract, The surgical technique of endoscopic goniotomy (EG) using the anterior chamber maintainer (ACM) for congenital glaucoma is evaluated, and oneyear follow-up data are presented. Endoscopic goniotomy was performed in 12 eyes of 7 patients. A doubleport - special goniotomy knife mounted on the endoscope's probe inserted through the first incision and ACM through the second incision - EG technique was used in 6 eyes of 3 patients, while a three-port - knife, endoscope probe, and ACM inserted through separate incisions - technique was preferred in the remaining 6 eyes of 4 patients. EG of approximately 240° could be done without major complications in all eyes. At the end of the average follow-up period of 14.2 ± 9.7 months, the mean intraocular pressure was reduced from 38.3 ± 6.9 mm Hg to 17.6 ± 2.8 mm Hg (P = 0.002), the average number of glaucoma medications from 2.1 ± 0.3 to 0.3 ± 0.5 (P= 0.001), and the mean cup/disk ratios from 0.84 ± 0.11 to 0.79 ± 0.14 (P = 0.014), while there was no statistically significant change in the average corneal diameter (P = 0.16). Therefore, endoscopic goniotomy with ACM was found to be an effective treatment modality for congenital glaucoma. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2001;32:496502]
GDP and life satisfaction in European countries – focus on transition

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article contributes to the debate about the impact of the transition on subjective well-being. After reviewing the relevant literature the authors draw on the surveys of the European Values Study of 1991, 1999 and 2008 to describe the trends in life satisfaction in 13 Western and 11 Eastern countries. The analysis finds that life satisfaction levels in transition countries have come to approach those in the West: the 'rather unhappy' 1990s were followed by the 'rather happy' 2000s. The strengthening correlation between life satisfaction and GDP reflects this process of convergence. The characteristics of respondents, however, are more important than the national GDP, and a regression of life satisfaction with basic demographic and stratification variables shows their reinforcing effect, especially in Eastern countries. The findings of other surveys reporting on developments of attitudes since 2008 vary but are far from proving a uniform negative impact of economic recession on life satisfaction.
Data from Deletion of 11q in Neuroblastomas Drives Sensitivity to PARP Inhibition

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> Despite advances in multimodal therapy, neuroblastomas with hemizygous deletion in chromosome 11q (20%–30%) undergo consecutive recurrences with poor outcome. We hypothesized that patients with 11q-loss may share a druggable molecular target(s) that can be exploited for a precision medicine strategy to improve treatment outcome.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> SNP arrays were combined with next-generation sequencing (NGS) to precisely define the deleted region in 17 primary 11q-loss neuroblastomas and identify allelic variants in genes relevant for neuroblastoma etiology. We assessed PARP inhibitor olaparib in combination with other chemotherapy medications using both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models.</p><p><b>Results:</b> We detected that <i>ATM</i> haploinsufficiency and <i>ATM</i> allelic variants are common genetic hallmarks of 11q-loss neuroblastomas. On the basis of the distinct DNA repair pathways triggered by ATM and PARP, we postulated that 11q-loss may define a subgroup of neuroblastomas with higher sensitivity to PARP inhibitors. Noteworthy, concomitant treatment with olaparib and DNA alkylating agent temozolomide potently inhibited growth of cell lines harboring 11q-loss. This drug synergism was less potent when temozolomide was exchanged for cisplatin or irinotecan. Intact 11q cells concomitantly treated with ATM inhibitor displayed growth arrest and enhanced apoptosis, revealing a role for ATM in the mechanism that mediates sensitivity to temozolomide–olaparib. Interestingly, functional TP53 is required for efficacy of this treatment. In an <i>in vivo</i> model, coadministration of temozolomide–olaparib resulted in sustained xenograft regression.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings reveal a potent synergism between temozolomide and olaparib in treatment of neuroblastomas with 11q-loss and provide a rationale for further clinical investigation. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 23(22); 6875–87. ©2017 AACR</i>.</p></div>
PROBLEMS OF PERSONNEL SECURITY MANAGEMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE AS A COMPONENT OF ITS FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY SYSTEM STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to the issue of personnel security management of the enterprise.The article using a monographic method of scientific research provides a brief analysis of publications on personnel security of the entity, identifies the subjects of personnel security management, their purpose, role and functional tasks in ensuring the personnel security of the enterprise, considers the basic principles and approaches to formation and ensuring personnel security in the economic security system of the enterprise.
THE CONSEQUENCES OF SOFT REPRESSION*

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines the consequences of soft repression on social movement activists. By drawing on activists’ perceptions, we develop a multilayered analytical framework that captures the experienced effects of soft repression at the individual, organizational, and movement levels. Our results show that soft repression—in particular, labeling, and stigmatization—primarily affect the individual level by triggering self-policing and self-control. By introducing a model that incorporates several radical social movement organizations, we also show how labeling and stigmatization affect different radical groups in different ways. These measures sometimes fail to demobilize the primary targets of the repressive actions, the most militant and clandestine groups. Instead, the demobilizing effects seem most evident in organizations that mobilize openly and inclusively. Our analysis is based on in-depth interviews with activists from the radical left-libertarian movement (RLLM) in Sweden, most of which have been active in organizations labeled as “violence-affirming extremists” by the Swedish government.
Identification of the Nuclear Localization Signal inXenopusCyclin E and Analysis of Its Role in Replication and Mitosis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)2/cyclin E is imported into nuclei assembled in Xenopus egg extracts by a pathway that requires importin-α and -β. Here, we identify a basic nuclear localization sequence (NLS) in the N-terminus ofXenopus cyclin E. Mutation of the NLS eliminated nuclear accumulation of both cyclin E and Cdk2, and such versions of cyclin E were unable to trigger DNA replication. Addition of a heterologous NLS from SV40 large T antigen restored both nuclear targeting of Cdk2/cyclin E and DNA replication. We present evidence indicating that Cdk2/cyclin E complexes must become highly concentrated within nuclei to support replication and find that cyclin A can trigger replication at much lower intranuclear concentrations. We confirmed that depletion of endogenous cyclin E increases the concentration of cyclin B necessary to promote entry into mitosis. In contrast to its inability to promote DNA replication, cyclin E lacking its NLS was able to cooperate with cyclin B in promoting mitotic entry.
Alterations of immune function by emotional stress following chemical sympathectomy in mice

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Objective To investigate the role of immunomodulation of sympathetic nervous system in emotional stress. Methods Utilizing the animal model of emotional stress established in our laboratory, and the 6 hydroxydopamine (6 OHDA) to destroy peripheral NA nerve fibers in mice. Results 20 minutes per day, six days emotional stress that started from the third day after primary immunization could significantly promote glucocorticoid level, suppress humoral immunity and reduce the OD level of antibody in mice. It also caused thymus involution and damaged spleen structure. The chemical sympathectomy could reverse most of the effect of stress on the immune system. The OD level of antibody, structure of thymus and spleen, thymus index were all recovered to nearly the same level with the control group. Conclusion The psychological stress has a suppressing effect on the mice immune system and the peripheral sympathetic system play an important role in the process.
Assessment of Corporate Governance Practices in the Ethiopian Insurance Industry (The Case of Selected Four Insurance Companies)

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

It is the separation of ownership and control that produced the concept of corporate governance. Since governance is the centre point for corporate success, it needs the attention of all stakeholders. Unless given a focus it deserves in managing a business, it may result undesirable long term consequences. In the current business set up, Insurance Companies are among the industries that are implementing the concept of corporate governance in the context of Ethiopia. Due to the sensitivity nature of the business and an irreplaceable role these companies play in the macro economy of a given country, poor corporate governance practice may have a macroeconomic impact that could potentially affect the whole economy. As a result, this research paper was prepared with the objective of assessing and understanding the level of corporate governance practice in Insurance Companies in Ethiopia in light of National bank of Ethiopia"s Directive and OECD principles, so as to improve the understanding of various stakeholders and also to shed light on the adoption of best practices and principles into the country"s corporate governance system. Major components like board of directors, shareholders, Executive directors, supervisory organ and disclosure, were taken as major assessment concepts. A questionnaire prepared addressing these concepts were distributed and related documents were also reviewed. The data collected were analysed using SPSS application. The results show that, Insurance Companies in Ethiopia are in good corporate governance foundation because of the regulatory organ strict supervision on each and every action of the market. However, some important and critical manifestations of good corporate governance are lacking both from regulatory side and from the Companies side that would promote the practice some steps higher. This will have impact on the existing knowledge of the practice and further policy measures should be updated and enhanced.
Blood Flow in the Diabetic Leg

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Femoropopliteal bypass grafting with reversed saphenous vein was performed in 47 nondiabetic and 27 diabetic extremities. Graft flow was measured with an electromagnetic flow probe before and after injection of 15 mg of papaverine into the graft. Basal flow (nondiabetic, 74 ± 6; diabetic, 76 ± 11 ml/min) was similar in the two groups. Peak flow was significantly higher in the nondiabetic group (217 ± 14 ml/min) than in the diabetic group (169 ± 18 ml/min, P < 0.05), and the outflow tract was significantly better in the nondiabetics (12.2 ± 0.5) than in the diabetics (8.6 ± 0.7, P < 0.001). When flow was related to the quality of the outflow tract, there was no significant difference between nondiabetics and diabetics. Diabetics with occlusive vascular disease have greater involvement of the tibial and peroneal arteries than do nondiabetics. Vascular reactivity is not significantly impaired, and arterial reconstruction should not be withheld on the basis of anteriolar-capillary involvement.
Innovation in the circular and the performance economy

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The circular industrial economy is about maintaining the value of manufactured assets at their highest level over the longest possible time. It manages stocks of objects and molecules through the era of 'R' – reusing, repairing and remanufacturing objects at highest use quality; and the era of 'D' – recovering atoms and molecules of highest purity. The circular industrial economy is a regional economy that substitutes labour for energy, prevents waste and emissions, and provides high resource security on a corporate and national level. The circular industrial economy is sustainable because it is economically competitive with manufacturing, creates a broad variety of jobs of all skill levels, and minimizes resource consumption and the need for transport and packaging. Economic actors that manage fleets of objects and sell their performance – by retaining ownership and renting or leasing them – in addition, internalize costs of risks and liability over the full life-cycle of objects.
Antibiotic activity of two Anabaena species against four fish pathogenic Aeromonas species

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Three organic extracts (chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) of ten cyanobacterial species (Anabaena solitaria, Anabaena variabilis, Anabaena cylindrical, Anabaena spiroides, Anabaena circinalis, Oscillatoria ornate, Oscillatoria salins, Oscillatoria tenuis, Oscillatoria rubescens and Oscillatoria prolifica) were investigated for their antibacterial activities against 4 fish pathogenic bacterial species belonging to genus Aeromonas, namely, Aer. salmonicida, Aer. hydrophila, Aer. formicans and Aer. liquefaciens using oxytetracycline as reference antibiotic. Of all cyanobacterial samples, only ethyl acetate extracts of A. variabilis and A. circinalis were proved to be the most effective against all tested Aeromonas species. Bioautographic investigation for 13 organic solvent systems indicate that the spot with Rf = 0.79 for A. variabilis and that of Rf = 0.84 for A. circinalis were the most effective. The median lethal doses (LD50) for the purified antibacterial compounds against mice were 246.67 and 231.67 mg/kg for that extracted from A. variabilis and A. circinalis, respectively.
Relevance of the Obstacles to the Achievement of Food Sovereignty in Ecuador, Analysis through the Neutrosophic Soft Set

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

One of the elements addressed in the Sustainable Development Goals until 2030, is the achievement of food sovereignty. This important issue takes relevance in the debates at the level of states, among which is Ecuador, which recognizes it as a right to its citizens from its Magna Carta. Despite being a widely addressed topic and to which substantial resources are destined, obstacles persist in its implementation. Therefore, it is proposed as the objective of this investigation: the analysis of the relevance of obstacles to the achievement of food sovereignty in Ecuador through Neutrosophic Soft Sets. To meet the proposed objective, empirical methods such as the interview and a neutrosophic soft set model were used. As a result, it was obtained that from the four initial statements, only three were true and that their relevance in the subject addressed was given by the following hierarchy: first of all the need to guarantee vulnerable groups the right to healthy eating, second, the fact that the allocations of resources to peasant producers are scarce in order to increase food production in the area and finally, the insufficient legal framework to guarantee the right to food sovereignty of Ecuadorians, in correspondence with the international pronouncements and The Constitution.
Nephroprotective Effect of &lt;i&gt;Nigella Sativa&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Matricaria Chamomilla&lt;/i&gt; in Cisplatin Induced Renal Injury—Supportive Treatments in Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Nigella sativa and Matricaria chamomilla are extensively consumed as tea or tonic. Despite their widespread use as a home remedy, relatively few trials evaluated their benefits in nephroprotection. Hence, this study evaluates the nephroprotective effects of supportive treatments (N. sativa, M. chamomilla and vitamin E) in cisplatin nephrotoxicity rat model. Eighty rats divided into 10 groups, of 8 animals each. The first group (G1) injected with saline intra-pretoneal (i.p). G2 injected with 5 mg/kg cisplatin i.p on zero day of experiment and repeated 4 times, with 5 days free interval. G3-G10 received daily supportive treatments, started 5 days before the experiment (–5day). Concomitantly G4, G6, G8 and G10 injected with 5 mg/kg cisplatin i.p like G2. On day sixteen, animal scarified, serum and/or kidney tissue were used to determine kidney function tests (serum urea, creatinine, NAG, β-gal), oxidative stress indices (NO, LPO), antioxidant activities (SOD), sulphur compounds (GGT, GSH, total thiols ), apoptotic indices (cathepsin D, DNA fragmentation), two minerals (Ca2+ and zn2+). Cisplatin caused marked elevation in serum GGT that reduced signifi-cantly in group received M. chamomilla with cisplatin (P < 0.001). There is a correlation between GGT and NAG in cisplatin group (r = 0.731 p < 0.05) that may suggest one of possible mechanisms of renal injury by cisplatin. M. chamomilla followed by N. sativa and vitamin E improved the biochemical and pathological renal injury, as determined by increasing the body weight, normalizing the kidney functions, decreasing the oxidative stress markers, improving the apoptotic markers, minimizing the pathological changes. Hence, N. sativa and M. chamomilla will be a promising nephroprotective agents for reducing cisplatin nephrotoxicity, most probably, by antioxidants effects and inhibition GGT production, respectively.
Development and Validation of a Predictive Model of Hypovitaminosis D in General Adult Population: SCOPYD Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The worldwide global increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) measurements has led some countries to restrict reimbursement for certain clinical situations only. Another approach could consist in providing physicians with screening tools in order to better target blood test prescription. The objective of the SCOPYD study was to identify the best combination of predictors of serum VitD concentration among adults aged 18–70 years. Potential risk factors for VitD deficiency were collected using a comprehensive self-administered questionnaire. A multivariable linear regression was used to build a predictive model of serum 25(OH)D concentration. Among 2488 participants, 1080 (43.4%) had VitD deficiency (<50 nmol/L) and 195 (7.8%) had severe deficiency (<25 nmol/L). The final model included sunlight exposure in the preceding week and during the last holidays, month of blood sampling, age, sex, body mass index, skin phototype, employment, smoking, sport practice, latitude, and VitD supplementation in preceding year. The area under the curve was 0.82 (95% CI (0.78; 0.85)) for severe deficiency. The model predicted severe deficiency with a sensitivity of 77.9% (95% CI (69.1; 85.7)) and a specificity of 68.3% (95% CI (64.8; 71.9)). We identified a set of predictors of severe VitD deficiency that are easy to collect in routine that may help to better target patients for serum 25(OH)D concentration determination.
Unmanned aerial vehicle for indoor social event

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) are a growing trend in our modern day society. However, for indoor usage; the safety aspect is of utmost importance. This project is based on the operations requirements in an indoor social event, an enclosed environment with safety being an utmost priority in these situations. This project would firstly discuss the different environment in which the flying quadcopter would have to undertake, followed by the task it is required to perform and finally the selection of the quadcopter and the required components. There are two quadcoptors chosen for this project, mainly due to its size, customizability, structure and maneuverability. The flight risks of the platform were analyzed and the findings have suggested for the various modifications to the platform before it is deemed safe for flight in such controlled environment.