jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Vectorcardiogram Planarity Index Predicts Response to Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) is a successful treatment for patients with chronic heart failure. However, 30–50 % of patients do not respond to the therapy, and novel predictive tools are needed to improve patient selection. In this pilot study, we proposed novel features of vectorcardiogram (VCG) signals derived from the principal component analysis (PCA) and evaluated their ability to predict response to CRT. Retrospective data from 47 patients who underwent CRT device implantation were used. For each patient, the 12-lead ECG was recorded and the VCG was reconstructed using the Kors' regression. In addition to conventional indices characterising the area of QRS complex, we performed PCA of VCG signals to characterise the VCG loop shape and complexity. Linear supervised machine learning models were fed with VCG features to predict CRT response defined as more than 5% increase in left ventricular ejection fraction in a year after implantation. The best performing Support Vector Machine model (ROC AUC 0.75, F1-score 0.75, precision 0.78, recall 0.72) utilized two novel VCG features: Shape Planarity index as a measure of the VCG loop deviation from the main PCA plane and PCA1 index characterising the VCG loop elongation along the first PCA axis. The Shape Planarity index showed the highest significance in predicting CRT response among the tested features. Our results suggest a great potential of PCA based VCG features in predicting CRT response.
Manipulatives to Multimedia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores the evolution and fundamental role of digital visual tools in primary mathematics education. Grounded in Bruner's cognitive development theories and Tall's mathematical representation framework, the Concrete-Pictorial-Abstract (CPA) approach describes the learning stages in primary mathematics. While digital tools offer advantages like interactivity, multimedia capabilities, and scalability, it's crucial to preserve the benefits of non-digital tools as education digitalises. These tools should enhance rather than replace the benefits of non-digital visual tools. Five key roles of digital visual tools in primary mathematics are outlined: (i) as an inherent part of mathematics; (ii) as concretisation of a concept; (iii) to mitigate pupil difficulties; (iv) in facilitating hands-on learning experiences; and (v) in promoting the retention of information through repetitive use. They are illustrated through observations in primary classrooms, highlighting the evolving and complementary impact of digital and non-digital visual tools on mathematics education.
Study on Optimization of three Way Merging Algorithm for Mobile Users

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Mobile Computing is a new paradigm aimed at providing users with constant network connectivity regardless of their location. Computer networking removed the physical barrier between computers, allowing users connected to the system from one computer to access resources on another. This paved the path for distributed computing, in which a group of connected computers works together to achieve a common goal. However, the access points to such a distributed system were still tethered machines and a user did not have the flexibility to move while accessing such a system. Mobile computing expands distributed computing in the direction of making a system's services available to a user regardless of their location or, more significantly, their location changes. Wireless networking removed the requirement to be linked to a cable, static infrastructure in order to benefit from distributed system services. A cable infrastructure of static hosts (representing a conventional distributed system) connects areas of wireless coverage ('cells') to mobile computers in a distributed system with mobile hosts.
The Relationship between Social Support, Self-Efficacy and Characteristics of Women with Diabetes during Pregnancy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: One of the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy are carbohydrate metabolism disorders resulting in hyperglycemia. The aim of the study was the assessment of impact of socio-demographic variables on the levels of social support and self-efficacy and an investigation of whether there is and how the relationship between social support and self-efficacy is shaped in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. In this study 339 pregnant women with diabetes during pregnancy and 337 healthy pregnant women took part. Methods: The Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS), the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and a standardized interview questionnaire were used. Results: The respondents rated Perceived Instrumental Support higher (M = 3.52) than Perceived Emotional Support (M = 3.39). In contrast, Actually Received Support (M = 3.53) was rated higher compared to Support Seeking (M = 2.99) and Need for Support (M = 2.95). The mean generalized self-efficacy score was M = 31.58 in women with diabetes during pregnancy and M = 31.85 in healthy pregnant women. Conclusions: The research results obtained prove the existence of a relationship between GSES and BSSS scores. In pregnant women with diabetes and healthy pregnant women, GSES increases with an increase in perceived support. Additionally, among pregnant women with diabetes, the level of GSES increases with an increase in actually received support. However, in the case of healthy pregnant women, a lower level of need for support is associated with higher level of generalized self-efficacy.
Low Level Determinations of Methyl Methanesulfonate and Ethyl Methanesulfonate Impurities in Emtricitabine Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient by LC/MS/MS using Electrospray Ionization

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Alkyl methanesulfonates have been highlighted as potential genotoxic impurities (PGIs). A sensitive LC/MS/MS method was developed and validated for the determination of Alkyl methanesulfonate impurities in Emtricitabine API (active pharmaceutical ingredient). LC/MS/MS method on Zorbax SB C 18 column (150 × 4.6 mm i.d.), 3.5 μm, with electrospray ionization (ESI) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used. The proposed method was specific, linear, accurate, rugged and precise. The calibration curves showed good linearity over the concentration range of 0.0025 μg/ml to 0.3 μg/ml the correlation coefficient was >0.999 in each case. Method had very low limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) as 0.3 μg/g and 0.4 μg/g respectively for both the analytes. Accuracy was observed within 80%-120% for both the analytes. This method can be further extended a good quality control tool for low level quantitation of Alkyl methanesulfonate impurities in other API.
Platelet-Derived Exosomes Affect the Proliferation and Migration of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Via miR-126

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Intraplaque angiogenesis, the process of generating new blood vessels mediated by endothelial cells, contributes to plaque growth, intraplaque hemorrhage, and thromboembolic events. Platelet-derived Exosomes (PLT-EXOs) affect angiogenesis in multiple ways. The ability of miR-126, one of the best-characterized miRNAs that regulates angiogenesis, carried by PLT-EXOs to influence angiogenesis via the regulation of the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells is unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of PLT-EXOs on angiogenesis by Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs). Methods: We evaluated the levels of miR-126 and angiogenic factors in PLT-EXOs from Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients and healthy donors by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and western blotting. We incubated HUVECs with PLT-EXOs and measured cell proliferation and migration with the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and scratch assay, respectively. We also investigated the expression of miR-126 and angiogenic factors in HUVECs after exposure to PLT-EXOs by western blotting and real-time PCR. Results: PLT-EXOs from ACS patients contained higher levels of miR-126 and angiogenic factors, including Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF), and Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-β1), than those from healthy donors (p<0.05). Moreover, the levels of exosomal miR-126 and angiogenic factors were increased after stimulation with thrombin (p<0.01). HUVEC proliferation and migration were promoted by treatment with activated PLT-EXOs (p<0.01); they were accompanied by the over-expression of miR-126 and angiogenic factors, including VEGF, bFGF, and TGF-β1 (p<0.01). Conclusion: Activated PLT-EXOs promoted the proliferation and migration of HUVECs, and the overexpression of miR-126 and angiogenic factors, thereby elucidating potential new therapeutic targets for intraplaque angiogenesis.
Photographic Work Exhibited in 'Social Strategies: Redefining Social Realism', Schick Art Gallery, Saratoga Springs, New York, (March 9 - April 11 2004) curated by Klaus Ottmann and Pamela Auchincloss and touring to Auspices of Pamela Auchincloss/Arts Management, New York

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Photographic work from the series Rays a Laugh was exhibited in 'Social Strategies: Redefining Social Realism', Schick Art Gallery, Saratoga Springs, New York, (March 9 - April 11 2004) curated by Klaus Ottmann and Pamela Auchincloss and touring to Auspices of Pamela Auchincloss/Arts Management, New York. This exhibition introduced tendencies in contemporary art that redefine social realism by either reconsidering the art of propaganda as a force in forming social consciousness, simulating prevailing social or political conditions, or projecting new social or spiritual orders. This art no longer serves the government-sanctioned rhetoric of the first half of the twentieth century, but shifts the political agenda away from representing the authorities of power toward critical and creative practices that challenge the incumbent order and comment on the rampant issues of late-twentieth century society: vanity, consumption, commerce, sex, drugs, and AIDS. Some of social artists even clear away "realism," following instead a path from realism to transcendence, trodden initially by artists such as Mark Rothko and Barnett Newman—in their search for an abstraction encoded with utopian ideology. Participating artists were artists: Edgar Arceneaux, Jeremy Blake, Tracy Emin, Rainer Ganahl, Nan Goldin, Felix Gonzalez-Torres, Jenny Holzer, Barbara Kruger, Wolfgang Laib, Julie Mehretu, Jack Pierson, Thomas Ruff, Paul Shambroom, Sue Williams and Sam Taylor-Wood
LHD CHD_UR_01 #163668.2 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 2-O port camera, where ROI is (1184,72) - (1236,148) of the original image of 1920x1080. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.
The Effects of Knee Brace on the Knee Muscular Neuro-Biomechanical Variables during the Rebound in Female Highschool Basketball Players

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study were to investigate the effects of knee brace on the knee muscular neuro-biomechanical variables during the rebound in female highschool basketball players. Twelve high school female ($17.9{\pm}0.8years$) basketball players rebound jumped for maximal vertical height to sufficiently stress the anterior cruciate ligament with and without knee brace. Kinematic data were collected to estimate the knee flexion, abduction angles and jump height. The EMG data from the biceps femoris and rectus femoris was used to estimate the ratio of quadriceps muscle activity. Female athletes with knee brace showed more reduced the knee abduction angle and the ratio of quadriceps muscle activity at foot contact phase than without knee brace. In conclusion, Female athletes with brace reduced knee anterior cruciate ligament loads.
Changing Culture

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This comprehensive look at the New York literature of European immigrants invites us to rethink in aesthetic terms the interaction between the psychic and the socio-historical. A closer look at the literary dimension of the Irish, German, Scandinavian and Dutch, Italian, Jewish, Polish, Greek, and other components of New York raises the question of the specificity whereby immigrant authors, or second-generation authors with a strong, obvious immigrant background, related to, and portrayed a city, and a city like no other such as New York. Mass immigration meant the almost perfect concentration in the New York of that period of the three classical dramatic unities of time, place and action, thus giving evidence to an epochal change that was at the same time external and internal, socio-political and existential, and whose effects are palpably present in the immigrants' literature. The massive global inflows from Castle Garden and Ellis Island happened because, and coincided with, a tumultuous industrial, economic and capitalist thrust, and caused a gigantic urban growth. To be sure, this was a phenomenon of obviously global dimensions, which concurred and vied with the aggressive nationalistic mind-set of the time and became an active element of a push and pull dynamic. Indeed, 'in a multitude of ways each immigrant culture articulated group identity as national identity'.
A Comparison of the LR and DFIT Frameworks of Differential Functioning Applied to the Generalized Graded Unfolding Model

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Recently, applied psychological measurement researchers have become interested in the application of the generalized graded unfolding model (GGUM), a parametric item response theory model that posits an ideal point conception of the relationship between latent attributes and observed item responses. Little attention has been given to considerations for the detection of differential item functioning (DIF) under the GGUM. In this article, the authors present a Monte Carlo simulation meant to assess the efficacy of the likelihood ratio (LR) and differential functioning of items and tests (DFIT) frameworks, two popular ways of detecting DIF. Findings indicate a marked superiority of the LR approach over DFIT in terms of true and false positive rates under the GGUM. The discussion centers on possible explanations for the poor performance of the DFIT framework in detecting DIF under the GGUM and addresses limitations of the current study as well as future research directions.
A Parallel Strategy Applied in Projection Method to Simulate Free Surface Flow

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes a parallel strategy combing the Projection method and marker movement scheme to simulate free surface flow. The 2-D Navier- stokes equations were solved by using the two step Projection method while free surface location was tracked by putting massless markers on the surface. The main parallel approach is known as the Domain Decomposition. Stripe domain decomposition was applied for the parallel computation of momentum equation. A Schur domain decomposition scheme was used to parallelize the SOR algorithm for Pressure Poisson Equation. By analyzing the parallel computing procedure and the interprocessor communication cost, it can be found that the combination of the Projection method and Marker movement scheme has the potential to be an ideal structure for parallelism. The overhead cost for interprocessor communication is low leading to high efficiencies in the parallel computation.
Microstructure of early embryonic aortic arch and its reversibility following mechanically altered hemodynamic load release

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The present study undertakes comparative analyses of the mechanistic differences of the arterial matrix microstructure and dynamics in the three fundamental processes of control, conotruncal banded, and released conotruncal band in avian embryo. Among other findings, this study provides specific evidence on the restorative role of elastin during the early lumen growth process. During vascular development, a novel intermittent load-switching mechanism between elastin and collagen, triggered by a step increase in wall shear stress, governs the chronic vessel lumen cross-sectional area increase. Mimicking the fetal cardiovascular interventions currently performed in humans, the early release of the abnormal mechanical load rescues the arterial microstructure with time-lag.
Does Social Work Abstracts Work?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Objective: The current study seeks to provide estimates of the adequacy of journal coverage in the Social Work Abstracts (SWA) database. Method: A total of 23 journals listed in the Journal Citation Reports social work category during the 1997 to 2005 period were selected for study. Issue-level coverage estimates were obtained for SWA and PsycINFO, the comparison database. Results: Both databases provided less than optimal coverage of social work journals, and SWA performed significantly worse than did PsycINFO. Both databases provided better coverage of National Association of Social Workers (NASW) Press journals than non—NASW Press journals. Conclusion: The results provide evidence of substantial deficits in SWA that merit serious concern.
Alterations in rat epidermis provoked by chronic vitamin D deficiency

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Long-term effects of vitamin D deficiency on epidermis were studied using histometric techniques, [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA (labeling index), estimation of epidermal acid phosphatase activity, and one-dimensional gel electrophoresis of keratin proteins. The decrease in epidermal thickness due to a reduced number of granular cell layers and a lower level of epidermal acid phosphatase activity were observed in vitamin D-deficient rats. The number of nuclei in the basal layer was increased. No changes in labeled index due to chronic vitamin D deficiency or to 'single injection of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol to vitamin D-deficient rats were observed. A comparative study of the keratin composition revealed differences in the keratin polypeptide pattern: vitamin D-deficient epidermis specifically lacked two low-molecular-weight components and presented several quantitative differences among other keratin polypeptides. The changes in epidermal morphology and metabolism that took place with vitamin D deficiency were independent of plasma calcium levels because similar modifications were present in vitamin D-deficient but normocalcemic rats (fed a diet rich in calcium and supplemented with lactose). These findings suggest that vitamin D may be one of the important factors for maintaining normal epidermal structure and metabolism through an effect on cell differentiation and formation of granular cell layers. They offer the possibility of using epidermal modification as an additional marker of vitamin D deficiency.
Diversity and variability of Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici in Rajasthan - Devendra

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ten districts of Rajasthan i.e.,Udaipur, Rajsamand, Pratapgarh, Chittorgarh, Bhilwara, Kota, Bundi, Ajmer, Jaipur and Alwar were surveyed during Rabi season 2023-24 for incidence and severity of yellow rust of wheat caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. The maximum incidence (86.11%) and severity (37.27%) of yellow rust of wheat was in Rajsamand district while minimum incidence (31.67%) and severity (12.09%) was in Alwar district. The overall data revealed that the disease incidence and severity of yellow rust of wheat in different wheat growing areas of Rajasthan varied from 26.67 - 88.33 per cent and 10.36 - 38.88 per cent, respectively, with an average of 61.61 per cent incidence and 27.04 per cent severity. Ten isolates of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici were collected from surveyed districts. All isolates exhibited variability in respect to morphological and pathogenic characters. In morphological variation, maximum diameter (27.5 μm) of urediospore was measured in isolate RJPst-10 with bright orange to yellow color. The shape of urediospore varied from round to ovule. The length and width of teliospore varied from 45.2 - 54.7 μm and 16.1 - 24.2 μm, respectively in different isolates. Maximum length (54.7 μm) and width(24.2μm) of teliospore was measured in isolate RJPst-02 while minimum length (45.2μm) and width (16.1 μm) was in RJPst-10 isolate. The isolate RJPst-02 collected from Rajsamand district was highly virulent with 40.12 per cent disease severity.. KEYWORDS :Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, variability, wheat, yellow rust
Incorporating lower level managers’ reflexivity into organizational ambidexterity

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Top management team (hereafter, TMT) leaders perform an important role in allowing organizations to pursue exploration and exploitation. Yet the organizational ambidexterity literature has largely cast their role functionally, prescribing a number of structural, functional and sequential factors that determine the response of lower level managers. We adopt a different perspective, drawing on practice data within an embedded longitudinal case study to examine lower level managers’ reflexive responses to TMT leaders’ behaviours, and the consequences for both lower level mangers as well as TMT leaders’ efforts. In doing so, we offer a theoretical contribution to organizational ambidexterity anchored in micro-sociology that recasts the contextual dynamics in enacting ambidexterity as relationally, and reflexively, constructed, rather than determined by organizational design. Furthermore, we complement but extend scholars’ appreciation of TMT leaders’ role in ambidexterity, by showing how their complex behaviours render different responses from lower level managers.
On Certain Subclass of p-Valent Functions with Negative Coe¢ cients De…ned by Convolution

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we introduce and study new class of analytic p-valent functions with negative coe¢ cients de…ned by convolution. We obtain coe¢ cients inequalities, distortion theorems, extreme points and radii of close to convexity, starlikeness and convexity for the class T � p (f;g;A;B;m;q). Also we investigate several application involving an integral operator. Finally, we obtain integral means for functions belonging to this class.
A Study of a Three Phase Induction Motor Performances Controlled by Indirect Vector and Predictive Torque Control

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper compares two methods of a three phase induction motor speed control supplied by a two-level three-phase inverter, those are indirect vector control (IVC) and predictive torque control (PTC). The simulation results of both methods show that when given torque and certain reference speeds, either by using IVC or PTC the motor will provide torque response and speed according to the reference given. Both of these methods can also follow the reversal of motor rotation according to the reference speed dictated. In addition, the value of the effective stator current using both methods is the same. The steady state torque of PTC is achieved faster than IVC.