jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Restricted mating windows and thrombospondin 2 gene deletion improve the precision of parturition timing in mice

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Mice are an important model organism for studying reproduction, parturition timing, and embryonic development. Previous reports indicate that limiting mouse breeding periods can reduce variability in fetal weight. To expand on these findings, this study sought to determine whether a restricted breeding window affects mating receptivity, precision of parturition timing, and pregnancy outcomes compared to standard overnight breeding of two common wild-type strains (C57BL/6J and CD-1) of laboratory mice. Since thrombospondin 2 (Thbs2) knockout (KO) mice exhibit premature cervical remodeling without a shortened gestational length, we examined whether these mutant mice experience more precise parturition timing compared to their wild-type (WT) controls. Our findings revealed that the percentage of CD-1, but not C57BL/6J, female mice that were copulatory plug positive was significantly (P &lt; 0.0001) reduced following a 2-h restricted mating period in the morning or evening compared to overnight breeding. Conversely, using a 2-h restricted breeding period in the morning or evening significantly (P &lt; 0.0001) reduced the pregnancy rate of C57BL/6J, but not CD-1, female mice. Additionally, the variance in the gestational length and the timing of parturition was significantly (P &lt; 0.0001) less in C57BL/6J and CD-1 females bred during a 2-h period in the morning compared to either strain bred overnight. Interestingly, Thbs2 KO mice mated overnight had the shortest variance in parturition times. Pregnancy outcomes were not significantly impacted by breeding schedules or Thbs2 genotype. Collectively, these data reveal that restricted mating windows and deletion of the Thbs2 gene lead to more precise timing of parturition.
Trial of a Cinchoninic Acid Derivative in Some Collagen Diseases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

of marmite on her first admission (discounting the peni- ciUin) does not rule out pernicious anaemia, since it is known that marmite, given in sufficient quantities, may contain enough folic acid to bring about a remission of that disease.As a case of pernicious anaemia was not available here to feed on gastric juice from the patient, after incubation with beef, we were unable to ascertain whether our patient actually contained intrinsic factor.The absence of neurological symptoms in this case, which had relapsed so frequently, is also perhaps against a diagnosis of pernicious anaemia, but we think the question should remain open for the present.In any event we are here only concerned with reporting the response to penicillin.Work is continuing on the treatment of these megalo- blastic anaemias with penicillin alone, and if it can be confirmed that a haemopoietic response similar to that outlined above can be obtained, then we think the field of discussion on the origin of this type of anaemia will be greatly widened. SummaryA case of megaloblastic anaemia is reported that responded to the administration of 400,000 units of crystal- line penicillin G daily for seven days.Her reticulocytes rose to 37%, and this was followed by a rise in the haemoglobin and red blood cells.No other treatment was given.The megaloblasts had disappeared from the marrow by the fifth day of treatment and the giant stab-cells had become very much less numerous.The response obtained to penicillin in this case in no way differed from that obtained from potent liver extract, folic acid, B12, or marmite.It is suggested that the penicillin may have produced its effects by (a) destroying some organism which was competing for haemopoietic substances; (b) removal of some haemo- poietic antagonist; (c) preventing the absorption of glutamic acid by competing organisms, which might thus interfere with the synthesis of pteroylglutamic acid; (d) affecting the metabolism and excretion of some essential amino-acids.We are indebted to the Director \of Medical Services, Kenya,
Possible Relict Meanders of the Pliocene Mississippi River and Their Implications

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Although the late Quaternary history of the Mississippi River, the largest North American river, has been intensely studied, its Pliocene history is largely unknown. We assert that large relict meander bends (oxbows) of the Pliocene Mississippi River are preserved as arcuate valleys of local streams in the northwest area of the state of Mississippi. These arcuate valleys are within the Pliocene Upland Complex stratigraphic unit that occurs as a high-level alluvial terrace along the lower Mississippi River Valley. Outside these arcuate valleys, the Upland Complex is a braided-river gravel deposit that shows southward (downvalley) paleoflow directions. Interiors of the arcuate valleys are occupied by Upland Complex point bar deposits with large-scale cross-bedding showing a range of paleoflow directions, commonly upvalley flow indicative of a meandering regime. We used measurements of the radii of the putative relict meander bends and of their paleochannel widths to estimate paleodischarge of the Pliocene Mississippi River based on equations empirically derived from modern meandering rivers. These discharge estimates, the first for the Pliocene Mississippi River, show it may have had as much as six to eight times the discharge of the modern river. This result suggests that (1) the North American Pliocene climate was much wetter, and/or (2) the Pliocene Mississippi River's drainage basin was much larger, extending into southern Canada. Better age constraints and a detrital zircon provenance study of the Upland Complex are needed to test these hypotheses.
Alpha v Beta 6 Integrin is a Specific Immunohistological Marker in the Diagnosis of Cholangiocarcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC) are the most common primary hepatic malignancies. Immunohistological differentiation of both tumors is pivotal for treatment and prognosis. Recently, alpha V beta 6 integrin (avb6) was found strongly upregulated in experimental biliary fibrosis and in patients with cholestatic liver disease, but its expression in primary liver cells and diagnostic applicability to distinguish primary cancers is unknown. Methods: 77 HCC and 73 CC paraffin-embedded tissues from patients who underwent partial hepatectomy were collected and immunostained for avb6 and the transcription factor Snail. Avb6 mRNA expression was quantified from CC and HCC tissues, and normal liver. Also, gene expression of the beta6 chain was quantified by RT-PCR in human cell lines including cholangiocarcinoma cells (TFK-1), hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2), immortalized cholangiocytes (MMNK-1) and primary liver cells.
KWH Cost Analysis of Energy Storage Power Station Based on Changing Trend of Battery Cost

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Energy storage plays a vital role in enhancing the resilience of the power grid. Utilizing typical capacity and power energy storage application scenarios, coupled with industry research data and technical analysis of energy storage, this study calculates the cost of energy storage per kilowatt-hour and the associated mileage cost. The findings indicate that the current cost per kilowatt-hour of electrochemical energy storage ranges from approximately 0.6 to 0.9 yuan/(kW⋅h), revealing a considerable gap between the target cost for widespread application and the range of 0.3 to 0.4 yuan/(kW⋅h). Therefore, the development of energy storage technologies (EST) should prioritize achieving “low cost, long life, high safety, and easy recycling,” taking into account a comprehensive assessment of system manufacturing, system lifespan, system safety, and recycling. This paper delves into the changing trend of battery costs and their impact on kilowatt-hours, presenting strategic suggestions to reduce the kilowatt-hour cost of ESP stations. The research underscores that a continuous reduction in battery costs will contribute to enhancing the economic benefits of ESP stations and provide robust support for the future development of the energy storage industry.
Constant domain epitope expression of human immunoglobulin L chains of the &kappa; and &lambda; type in proteins of different variable subgroups

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

С помощью монAT исследована экспрессия эпитопов С-домена L-цепей Ig человека κ и λтипов различных V-подгрупп. Установлено, что уровень экспрессии данного эпитопа С-домена зависит от принадлежности L-цепи к той или иной подгруппе.
In silicostudy to analyse the disassembly of quercetin-targeted dendrimers potentially leishmanicide

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Molecular modelling methods were previously applied to obtain information regarding the disassembly of the first generation quercetin-targeted dendrimers potentially leishmanicide. Dendrimers containing one to three branches were designed, and their three-dimensional molecular models were built up. They were constituted by myo-inositol (core and directing group), d-mannose (directing group), l-malic acid (spacer) and quercetin (bioactive agent). Physicochemical properties, such as spatial hindrance, electrostatic potential mapping and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy, were evaluated. Hence, the main purpose of this study was to identify which carbonyl group was the most vulnerable to undergo chemical or enzymatic action. The carbonyl groups were named according to their positions in dendrimer systems as follows: C1, close to the core group; C2, near the directing group; C3 in the l-malic acid; and, C4 nearby the bioactive agent. C4 seemed to be the most promising carbonyl group to suffer hydrolysis. However, regarding larger molecular systems, such as targeted dendrimers with three branches, C4 carbonyl group is the most sterically hindered impairing any enzymatic approximation. For this kind of molecular systems, C1 has presented more spatial accessibility as well as lower electronic density distribution, which are features needed to dendrimer enzymatic disassembly, though.
Testing the Effect of Iron Casting Waste on Concrete Compressive Strength

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study, which tests the compressive strength of concrete incorporating iron casting waste, underscores the potential for waste utilization in concrete technology. By combining iron casting waste into the planned concrete compressive strength, K-250, we have demonstrated the possibility of meeting and exceeding this benchmark. Our quantitative research, utilizing experimental methods, tested the concrete compressive strength and the substitution of iron-casting waste as a fine aggregate. We tested different substitution variations, including 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, using three samples in cylinders measuring 15 cm in diameter and 30 cm high. The research was conducted at the Material and Concrete Laboratory of the Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Bosowa and Universitas Negeri Makassar. The results of the concrete compressive strength test are promising, with some variations exceeding the planned compressive strength of concrete (K-250). The 25% iron waste variation reached an equivalent of K-400, and the 50% variation reached K-279. The compressive strength of concrete increases with 40% iron waste but begins to decrease at a 50% variation. Different combinations of iron-casting waste and concrete yield different compressive strengths. For instance, a 25% variation produces a compressive strength of 403.597 kg/cm2, a 50% variation produces 279.67 kg/cm2, a 75% variation results in 209.19 kg/cm2, and a 100% variation yields 178.49 kg/cm2. Notably, adding 25% and 50% iron waste resulted in concrete compressive strengths exceeding planned K-250 concrete. Additionally, 40% iron waste increases concrete compressive strength, but it begins to decrease at a 50% variation.
Above the cloud computing orbital services distributed data model

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Technology miniaturization and system architecture advancements have created an opportunity to significantly lower the cost of many types of space missions by sharing capabilities between multiple spacecraft. Historically, most spacecraft have been atomic entities that (aside from their communications with and tasking by ground controllers) operate in isolation. Several notable example exist; however, these are purpose-designed systems that collaborate to perform a single goal. The above the cloud computing (ATCC) concept aims to create ad-hoc collaboration between service provider and consumer craft. Consumer craft can procure processing, data transmission, storage, imaging and other capabilities from provider craft. Because of onboard storage limitations, communications link capability limitations and limited windows of communication, data relevant to or required for various operations may span multiple craft. This paper presents a model for the identification, storage and accessing of this data. This model includes appropriate identification features for this highly distributed environment. It also deals with business model constraints such as data ownership, retention and the rights of the storing craft to access, resell, transmit or discard the data in its possession. The model ensures data integrity and confidentiality (to the extent applicable to a given data item), deals with unique constraints of the orbital environment and tags data with business model (contractual) obligation data.
Community-based testing of migrants for infectious diseases in the UK (COMBAT-ID)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Migration is a major global driver of population change. Certain migrants may be at increased risk of infectious diseases, including tuberculosis (TB), HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C, and have poorer outcomes. Early diagnosis and management of these infections can reduce morbidity, mortality and onward transmission and is supported by national guidelines. To date, screening initiatives have been sporadic and focused on individual diseases; systematic routine testing of migrant groups for multiple infections is rarely undertaken and its impact is unknown. We describe the protocol for the evaluation of acceptability, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an integrated approach to screening migrants for a range of infectious diseases in primary care. Methods and analysis We will conduct a mixed methods study which includes an observational cohort with interrupted time-series analysis before and after the introduction of routine screening of migrants for infectious diseases (latent TB, HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C) when first registering with primary care within Leicester, UK. We will assess trends in the monthly number and rate of testing and diagnosis for latent TB, HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C to determine the effect of the policy change using segmented regression analyses at monthly time points. Concurrently, we will undertake an integrated qualitative sub-study to understand the views of migrants and healthcare professionals to the new testing policy in primary care. Finally, we will evaluate the cost effectiveness of combined infection testing for migrants in primary care. Ethics and dissemination The study has received HRA and NHS approvals for both the interrupted time-series analysis (16/SC/0127) and the qualitative sub-study (16/ EM/0159). For the interrupted time-series analysis we will only use fully anonymised data. For the qualitative sub-study, we will gain written, informed, consent.
A Maintainability Oriented Design Method for Workflow Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper focuses the maintainability of the workflow systems. In order to make the workflow systems follow various changes of the business environment, it is important to exactly separate the stable part and the changeable part in the system. A new concept-“business process design pattern”is introduced. In this concept, the business process is considered as commitment network among actors related to the target work, and the basic tasks and their orders executed by the main two actors compose the stable process structure-process pattern. On the basis of input/output data of the basic tasks, the necessary and enough information structure for the target work is extracted-information pattern.The design method of the business process using these design patterns is proposed, by which the individuality of process and application is excluded, and the high maintainability of the workflow system is gained. By the case study of the order management work, the effect of this method is shown.
Nutritional investigations and management of captive moose

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Historically, moose have been difficult to maintain in captivity when on diets of grass or legume hays and grain due to enteritis that frequently leads to chronic diarrhea/wasting disease. The development of wood-fiber diets has increased the lifespan of moose in captivity, but these diets do not completely prevent chronic wasting. Purina Mills (St. Louis, MO) hypothesized that captive moose are unable to digest starch that escapes the rumen, and therefore abnormal bacterial fermentation in the hindgut causes chronic diarrhea. An earlier study found no evidence of a digestive problem, so we tested the hypothesis that moose have difficulty metabolizing excess propionate produced from the fermentation of starch found in traditional cervid rations and high-grain wood-fiber diets. When challenged with an i.v. propionate load, moose metabolized propionate similar to healthy mule deer and domestic livestock. We then tested the hypothesis that grass forage is an initiating factor to chronic diarrhea/wasting and further hypothesized that grass, alfalfa, and other agriculture-based forages in association with an anaerobic bacteria produce inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in moose. Captive moose that had ad libitum access to a wood-fiber pelleted moose diet and grazed in grass pastures developed chronic wasting symptoms at 2–4 years of age and died at 4.7 ± 0.3 years unless restricted from grass before the development of advanced symptoms. We isolated Bacteroides vulgatus in the feces and successfully treated a moose with chronic diarrhea/wasting disease with long-term metronidazole therapy, suggesting that the chronic enteritis causing wasting disease arises from a bacteria-associated defective immunosuppressive response similar to IBD in other species. Further support for the IBD cause of wasting in moose is that this animal will relapse within hours if the metronidazole treatment is discontinued even after many months. We developed a highly palatable high-fiber, low-starch moose ration that can be fed as the sole source of nourishment, although additional research and dietary improvements are required. Zoo Biol 16:479–494, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Dental caries among 15-year-old adolescents in Arctic Russia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective. The aim of the study is to perform a systematic search, qualitative synthesis, and a meta-analysis of scientific publications on the prevalence and experience of dental caries among 15-year-old adolescents in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. A systematic review based on PRISMA guidelines. The review includes sources that describe the prevalence and intensity of caries in 15-year-old adolescents within the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Publications from 1998—2023 in English and Russian were searched for using the PubMed and eLIBRARY platforms. In total, 208 publications identified, but only 4 were included in meta-analysis. Results. The total number of adolescents in the studies included in the review was 1567 with a significant proportion being residents of the Arkhangelsk region. The weighted prevalence of caries was 87.9% (95% CI: 83.7—91.7%). The statistically significant increase was registered only in the city of Norilsk. In Arkhangelsk, the increase in the prevalence of caries was accompanied by a decrease in the activity of the carious process, which was due to a significant decrease in the K component in the structure of the DMFT index. Conclusion. The review provides the evidence on a high prevalence of caries among 15-year-old adolescents in Arctic Russia. Further research of the dental status of adolescents is warranted as well as the development of effective preventive measures on individual and population levels.
Accuracy Of Tumour Targeting Using A CT-Compatible Robotic System – A Phantom Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Poster: ECR 2014 / C-1942 / Accuracy Of Tumour Targeting Using A CT-Compatible Robotic System – A Phantom Study by: B. J. J. Abdullah, C. H. Yeong, K. H. Ng; Kuala Lumpur/MY
Status and Driving Forces of CO2 Emission of the National Low Carbon Pilot: Case Study of Guangdong Province during 1995-2015

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Guangdong Province is the first batch of national low carbon pilots of China. Studying the interrelationships of economic growth, energy consumption, and carbon emission, as well as the driving forces of carbon emission is not only important for the local mitigation strategy, but also for the experience which can be provided for the other regions. In this work, carbon emission within Guangdong province was calculated from 1995 to 2015. Co-relationships of economic growth, energy consumption, and carbon emission were analyzed during the past two decades. In addition, driving force of carbon emission was investigated by applying the LMDI method. Results show that economic growth in Guangdong Province from 1995-2015 can be divided into the Mild Grow Stage, Fast Grow Stage, and the New Normal Stage. During the First two stages, energy consumption and carbon emission increase with the steps of economic growth. However, carbon emission evolves with the fluctuation of economic growth during the third stage, while energy consumption keeps increasing continuously. Decomposition analysis shows that economic and demographic growth both play positive role on carbon emission of Guangdong province. Moreover, for the majority of sub periods, the decomposition of energy intensity is helpful for carbon reduction of Guangdong Province. Energy structure adjustment also is beneficial for controlling carbon emission increase for most years. Furthermore, there is still potential for the development of technology mitigation, because the effect of carbon intensity always takes role as promoting carbon emission in Guangdong Province for the past two decades.