jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
"It is not yet Resolved": Postmemories of the Third Reich

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This essay offers a reflection on the concepts of identity and personal narrative, a line of argument that is closely interlaced with a subject’s capacity to self-representation. As self-representation is necessarily composed upon remembrance processes, the question of memory as a collective phenomenon that directly influences identitary mechanisms becomes an emergent topic. Bearing this objective in mind, I shall point at the different types of memory and will argue that not only experienced memories play a key role in this process; intermediated, received narratives from the past, memories transmitted either symbolically or by elder members of the group or, what has been meanwhile termed “postmemory”, also influence the development of an individual’s identitary map. I shall link these issues to the generations of individuals that were born in the aftermath of Germany’s National-Socialist dictatorship, particularly by focusing on the literary representations and personal perspectives of contemporary German and Austrian writers, whose texts represent the concepts of trauma, identity and (post)memory in central Europe’s historical, political and social context.
Associations of LDL-C-to-HDL-C and TG-to-HDL-C Ratios with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study with 6 years’ Follow-Up

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background: Traditional blood lipids play an important role in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, but the evidences were not enough . The lipoprotein indices of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratios may be the predictive parameters to diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Methods: A 6-year follow-up study was performed in 22,649 subjects (were aged 18–95 years old) without a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or diabetes. The information about cardiovascular disease and T2DM was extracted from the Disease Surveillance Points (DSP) system in 2019. Biochemical and demographic variables were acquired by laboratory test and the face-to-face interview with structured questionnaire, the response rate was 88.9%. Lipid ratios were stratified by tertile to ascertain the hazard ratio (HR) of diseases by Cox proportional hazard model. Results: The mean age of subjects was 54.9(14.5) years, 41.9% were males. LDL-C /HDL-C was strongly associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) ( second vs. first tertile: HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.03-3.37, p =0.04 ; third vs. first tertile: HR, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.91-5.69, p< 0.001), meanwhile the TG/HDL-C was specifically associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (second vs. first tertile: HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.2-2.02, p =0.001; third vs. first tertile: HR, 2.7; 95% CI, 2.13-3.43, p< 0.001). Moreover, the HR, of diseases was increased with LDL-C, TG/HDL-C ratios. The results of sensitivity analysis revealed the associations of LDL-C, TG/HDL-C ratios with CHD and T2DM were independent on confounders. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and TG/HDL-C ratio associated with CHD and T2DM , and hazard ratio of disease increased with lipoprotein derived indices.
Halakhah and ethics in the Jesus tradition

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Previous generations of scholars frequently approached the ethics of Jesus from a naïvely Christian perspective, by categorically asserting the superiority of his love command and the Sermon on the Mount to the supposed legalism and hide-bound casuistry of his Jewish contemporaries. More recently, however, the blossoming study of ancient Judaism has enabled us, perhaps for the first time since the first century, to explore Jesus' moral teaching meaningfully in its original setting.
From the Baltic to the Black Sea

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Part 1 Objectives on medieval archaeology: the proper of medieval archaeology, D.Austin the proper of medieval archaeology - a case study, D.Austin and J.Thomas medieval archaeology and the tyranny of the historical record, T.C.Champion a comparative study of Czech and British medieval rural settlement archaeology - towards whole landscapes, M.Gojda. Part 2 Early state and ethnic formations: Byzantium an the Avars - the archaeology of the first 70 years of the Avar era, I.Bona connections between Scandinavia and the East Roman empire in the migration period, B.Arrhenius new research on finds of Avar chieftan-burials at Igar, Hungary, G.Fulop early medieval hillforts in Polish lands in the 6th-8th centuries - problems of origins, function, and spatial organizations, Z.Zobylinski what does coinage tell us about Scandinavian society in the late Viking age? B.Malmer interactions between indigenous and western cultures in Livonia in the 13th to 16th centuries, E.Mugurevics. Part 3 Population: height variation in the light of social and regional differences in medieval Denmark, J.L.Boldsen Merovingian skull deformities in the southwest of France, E.Drubezy the palaeodemography of medieval populations in Czechoslovakia, M.Stloukal. Part 4 Rural settlement: the lower Vltava basin - an attempt at a regional aproach to the settlement history of the early middle ages, M.Gojda rural settlements in the 9th and 10th centuries in the Danube valley in Serbia, G.Marjanovic-Vujovic. Part 5 Urban development: origins and development of Slavic and German lubeck, G.P.Fehring research in Prague - an historical and archaeological view of the development of Prague from the 9th century to the middle of the 14th century, V.Huml archaeological evidence for the development and urbanization of Kiev from the 8th to the 14th centuries, O.M.Ioannisyan.
Carbonomics of the Bangladesh agricultural output: causality and long‐run equilibrium

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Purpose The key purpose of this paper is to examine the causality and long‐run relationship between CO2 emission and agricultural output for an agriculture‐dependent developing country, namely Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach In order to attain the objective, this study has used long‐time series data and employed advanced econometric techniques of unit root test, nonlinear least square estimation, Vector Error Correction estimation and Granger causality test. Findings The empirical results of the study reveal that Bangladesh agricultural output is not a Granger causal for Bangladesh CO2 emission, but the country's CO2 emission is a Granger causal for its agricultural output. The results also reveal for Bangladesh that any disequilibrium between CO2 emissions and agricultural output could take approximately 17 years to converge to the long‐run equilibrium. The results further reveal that the adjustment rate for Bangladesh agricultural output is positive and quite fast at the rate of 69 percent a year. So any disequilibrium will be corrected mostly by the adjustment in Bangladesh agricultural output. Practical implications The current CO2 emission in Bangladesh is still below the equilibrium level, which is considered to be an advantage for the country, particularly its agriculture sector which will reasonably not face any stricter CO2 emissions controlling policies and regulations in the near future. Originality/value The originality of this study lies on the extent to which an agriculture‐dependent developing country such as Bangladesh does not have greater concern about the CO2 emission for now and the near future. The originality does also lie on the fact that no other study has yet examined this issue.
Wilberforce: High Authority, Low Method

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Samuel Wilberforce (1805–1873) was Manning's brother-in-law in the Victorian sense of their being married to two sisters. This fact affected their outlooks deeply and Wilberforce was talking about Manning to Lord Granville at the beginning of the ride which ended in his accidental death.In the 1830s, when they were especially close, it is often difficult to tell which of the twin stars initiated a particular line of thought. Despite the efforts of David Newsome and Standish Meacham, the younger Wilberforce remains underrated. Contemporaries regarded him as a person of exceptional talents. He combined the personal charm of Newman with the administrative abilities of Manning, while avoiding the introversion of the first and the forbidding exterior of the second. Wilberforce, it may be argued, was the architect of modern Anglicanism. He initiated, what has been so often the pattern of the Church of England, a period of reconstruction and renewal after apparently irretrievably damaging secessions and losses. He did so through an infusion of critical thinking suited to Anglican institutions and sufficient to restart their mechanisms.
Giant nonlinear emission in semiconductor microcavities

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Summary form only given. In the late 1990s, the optical properties of microcavities containing semiconductor quantum wells have been the subject of detailed investigations. In the strong coupling regime that appears when the coupling frequency between the exciton and the cavity exceeds the decay rates of the exciton and of the photons in the cavity, the eigenstates of the system, the polariton modes, yield a doublet in the reflection or transmission spectrum of the system. We present new experimental results obtained under very weak laser excitation in an exciton-exciton scattering.
A New Numerical Scheme for Time Fractional Diffusive SEAIR Model with Non-Linear Incidence Rate: An Application to Computational Biology

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we propose a modified fractional diffusive SEAIR epidemic model with a nonlinear incidence rate. A constructed model of fractional partial differential equations (PDEs) is more general than the corresponding model of fractional ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The Caputo fractional derivative is considered. Linear stability analysis of the disease-free equilibrium state of the epidemic model (ODEs) is presented by employing Routh–Hurwitz stability criteria. In order to solve this model, a fractional numerical scheme is proposed. The proposed scheme can be used to find conditions for obtaining positive solutions for diffusive epidemic models. The stability of the scheme is given, and convergence conditions are found for the system of the linearized diffusive fractional epidemic model. In addition to this, the deficiencies of accuracy and consistency in the nonstandard finite difference method are also underlined by comparing the results with the standard fractional scheme and the MATLAB built-in solver pdepe. The proposed scheme shows an advantage over the fractional nonstandard finite difference method in terms of accuracy. In addition, numerical results are supplied to evaluate the proposed scheme’s performance.
Research and functionalization of konjac glucomannan and its hydrogel in wound dressing

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract In the last decade, polysaccharide dressings have become a popular research area owing to their low toxicities, good biocompatibilities, and their abilities to modulate and accelerate wound healing. Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a naturally occurring, neutral polysaccharide that is biocompatible and highly modifiable. In addition, KGM-based hydrogels are innovative wound dressings that effectively promote the healing of injured blood vessels and wound fibres. In this review, we summarise how KGM has been modified and used in hydrogel wound-dressing applications, starting with its material properties and gelation mechanism. We then discuss recent advances in the study of systems for enhancing KGM hydrogels and KGM hydrogel wound dressings, emphasising the special benefits of such hydrogels in terms of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, their wound-healing capabilities, as drug carriers and growth promoters, as well as their functionalisation. Finally, this paper discusses the primary obstacles and potential avenues for the advancement of wound dressings with the aim of establishing a theoretical foundation and point of reference for future research into KGM functional materials.
Poverty and social exclusion in rural Britain: a review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter reviews previous studies of rural poverty and social exclusion in Britain, Europe and North America as an essential underpinning for this research. The review starts by defining some of the key terms from this literature and then it moves on to review existing evidence on the extent of poverty and financial hardship in rural Britain and how these challenges have affected different demographic groups. It then reviews some of the specific factors contributing to rural poverty and discusses the reasons why poverty and hardship often remain ‘under the radar’ in rural areas. The review concludes by setting out the analytical framework for the approach taken in the research, which focuses on the interconnections between individuals’ experiences of hardship/wellbeing and the structural and external processes bringing changes.
Are science festivals a good place to discuss heated topics?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Public acceptance of vaccination and Genetically Modified (GM) food is low and opposition is stiff. During two science festivals in France, we discussed in small groups the scientific evidence and current consensus on the benefits of vaccination and GM food safety. Our interventions reinforced people's positive opinions on vaccination and produced a drastic positive shift of GM food opinions. Despite the controversial nature of the topics discussed, there were very few cases of backfire effects among the 175 participants who volunteered. These results should encourage scientists to engage more often with the public during science festivals, even on heated topics.
Human Rights and Democracy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This is the first comprehensive account in English of the human rights jurisdiction of the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt. The Court has full judicial review powers under the 1971 Egyptian Constitution and has played a central role in defending democratic vallues and in implementing international human rights standards in this pivotal Islamic country. The book includes chapters written by the Chief Justice, Dr. Awad Mohammad El-Morr, and other members of the judiciary. It contains a digest of key human rights judgments along with the texts of the Constitution and the Statute of the Supreme Constitutional Court. The book also examines the influence of United States constitutional law as well as international human rights law on Egypt's highest court.
Examining the Requirements for Nucleoporins by HIV-1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A hallmark of HIV type 1 and other lentiviruses is their ability to infect and replicate in nondividing cells by commandeering host nuclear transport factors. During the early stages of infection, this is expected to permit the safe passage of viral preintegration complexes (PICs) through nuclear pores. Numerous nuclear transport factors have been identified as essential for HIV-1 infection by genome-wide small interfering RNA screens, and many of these are currently under investigation. Here, using knockdown studies, Matreyek and Engelman further characterize the importance of transportin-3 and nuclear pore complex component nucleoporin 153 for the early stages of HIV-1 infection and show that these two proteins operate synergistically. Also, as was previously observed for transportin-3, they show that the requirement of nucleoporin 153 for PIC nuclear entry is determined by the HIV-1 Capsid protein. The refinement of the list of key nuclear pore complex and transport proteins required for PIC entry, along with a better understanding of the specific mechanisms employed, will undoubtedly lead to the development of future antiretroviral therapies that will have the potential to block HIV-1 viral DNA integration.
Awareness and practice of patient's rights law in Lithuania

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Patient's rights law is intended to secure good medical practice, but it can also serve to improve understanding between patients and medical staff if both were aware of their rights. Awareness and practice of the new patient's rights law in Lithuanian health care institutions was explored through a survey of 255 medical staff and 451 patients in the four Kaunas city medical units in 2002. Participation rates were 74% and 66%, respectively. The majority of the medical staff (85%) and little over one half of the patients (56%) had heard or read about the Law on Patient's Rights (p < 0.001). Only 50% of professionals compared to 69% of patients thought information for patients about diagnosis, treatment results and alternative treatments is necessary (p < 0.001). A clear discrepancy was indicated between physicians informing the patients (80%-98% of physicians) and patients actually knowing (37%-54%) their treatment prognosis, disease complications or possible alternative treatment methods. These results suggest a need for awareness-raising among patients to improve the practical implementation of the Patient's Rights Law in Lithuania.
Hydrogen?Deuterium Exchange in the Genetic Variants A, B and C of Bovine ß-Lactoglobulin

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The hydrogen-deuterium exchange in the p-Iactoglobulin genetic variants A, Band C was studied by using an infrared spectrophotometric technique. Between pD 3· 1 and 7· 6 the exchange behaviour of all three proteins was identical, within the limits of experimental accuracy. Conformation transitions that result in changes in specific optical rotation between pH 4 and 6 for each of the proteins could not be detected by means of the hydrogen exchange measurements, suggesting that this particular conformation change is either very small in terms of the numbers of peptide groups involved, or is limited to rapidly exchanging surface groups. In the pD range studied the exchange of all three proteins was consistent with the EX2 mechanism.
Eosinophil Counting: A Modification of Pilot's Method

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

MBDTImSHRNAL 1187 pituitary adrenal mechanism is still a matter for specula- tion.At this stage, however, it is sufficient to note that the eosinopenic response to A.C.T.H. and oral cortisone in normal subjects can be usefully compared, and it remains to be seen whether the application of a combined A.C.T.H.-cortisone response test to patients with rheumatic, endocrine, and other diseases will give information of practical value. SummaryA convenient modification of Dunger's technique for estimating the number of circulating eosinophils has been described and shown to be accurate enough for experi- mental purposes.By the use of this technique the eosinopenic responses to single doses of oral cortisone and intra- muscular A.C.T.H. have been studied in some detail in four normal subjects.It has been shown that the time relations of the responses to these two hormones are remarkably simi- lar, but that there may be considerable individual variations in responsiveness to either cortisone or A.C.T.H., or both.The eosinopenic response to various A.C.T.H. prepara- tions and to stress have also been compared, and throughout these studies the differences of individual responsiveness of our subjects have been maintained.Three patients with panhypopituitarism showed an eosinopenic response to oral cortisone which was exaggerated and prolonged.In spite of the many factors which may influence eosinopenic responsiveness it is suggested that a study of the eosinopenic response to 50 mg. of oral cortisone, added to the already well-established A.C.T.H. response test, might provide a useful guide to therapy with these hormones in the indi- vidual concerned, and might possibly give some indication of the state of activity of the individual's own pituitaryadrenal mechanism.
Effect of feather abrasion on structural coloration in male eastern bluebirds Sialia sialis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We used observations of male eastern bluebirds captured twice within a breeding season to test whether changes in structural coloration are related to feather abrasion. Between first and second broods, the UV chroma and brightness of feathers decreased, while hue shifted towards longer wavelengths. Observed changes were greatest for feathers on the head, least for feathers on the rump, and intermediate for feathers on the back. For head feathers, we found a significant correlation between reduction in barb length and UV chroma. Plumage coloration at first capture was correlated with change in UV chroma such that the most ornamented males tended to lose more coloration. Moreover, the magnitude of UV color change was positively related to the number of days between color measurements.To test whether these changes were caused by abrasive properties of the nesting sites, we randomly increased or decreased the abrasiveness of nesting‐box entrances by attaching sand paper or smooth plastic tape. The type of box entrance had no signicant effect on either coloration or barb length change. Our results suggest that feather abrasion is a factor in the seasonal color changes of bluebirds.
Jet-dominated advective systems: radio and X-ray luminosity dependence on the accretion rate

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present a novel method to measure the accretion rate of radio emitting X-ray binaries (XRBs) and active galactic nuclei (AGN) independently of the X-ray luminosity. The radio emission of the jet is used as a tracer for the accretion rate and is normalised using sources of known accretion rates: island state neutron stars and efficiently radiating black holes close to a state transition. We show that the radio power in black holes and neutron stars is comparable for a given mass accretion rate and verify empirically the assumed analytic scaling of the radio luminosity with accretion rate. As our accretion measure is independent of the X-ray luminosities, we can search for radiatively inefficient accretion in black holes by comparing the X-ray luminosities with the accretion rate in XRBs and AGN. While the X-ray luminosity of efficiently radiating objects scales linearly with accretion rate, the scaling of hard state black holes is quadratical, in agreement with theoretical models. We show that the turnover from the inefficient quadratic scaling to the linear scaling has to occur at accretion rates of 1-10 % Eddington both in XRBs and AGN. The comparison of both accretion states supports the idea that in a black hole in the hard state some accretion power is advected into the black hole while the jet power exceeds the X-ray luminosity: these are therefore jet-dominated advective systems.
Distribution of Diapheromera femorata(Orthoptera: Phasmatidae)1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Distribution of Diapheromera femorata(Orthoptera: Phasmatidae) Get access Kenneth H. Knauer, Kenneth H. Knauer Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ronald L. Giese Ronald L. Giese Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 63, Issue 1, 15 January 1970, Pages 341–342, https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/63.1.341 Published: 15 January 1970 Article history Received: 11 August 1969 Published: 15 January 1970