jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Patrolling Monocytes Control NK Cell Expression of Activating and Stimulatory Receptors to Curtail Lung Metastases

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The role of nonclassical, patrolling monocytes in lung tumor metastasis and their functional relationships with other immune cells remain poorly defined. Contributing to these gaps in knowledge is a lack of cellular specificity in commonly used approaches for depleting nonclassical monocytes. To circumvent these limitations and study the role of patrolling monocytes in melanoma metastasis to lungs, we generated C57BL/6J mice in which the Nr4a1 superenhancer E2 subdomain is ablated (E2−/− mice). E2−/− mice lack nonclassical patrolling monocytes but preserve classical monocyte and macrophage numbers and functions. Interestingly, NK cell recruitment and activation were impaired, and metastatic burden was increased in E2−/−mice. E2−/− mice displayed unchanged “educated” (CD11b+CD27+) and “terminally differentiated” (CD11b+CD27−) NK cell frequencies. These perturbations were accompanied by reduced expression of stimulatory receptor Ly49D on educated NK cells and increased expression of inhibitory receptor NKG2A/CD94 on terminally differentiated NK cells. Thus, our work demonstrates that patrolling monocytes play a critical role in preventing lung tumor metastasis via NK cell recruitment and activation.
Efficacy of Attractive Targeted Sugar Bait stations against malaria in Western Province Zambia: epidemiological findings from a two-arm cluster randomized Phase III trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background Attractive targeted sugar bait (ATSB) stations containing bait (to attract) and ingestion toxicant (to kill) sugar-foraging mosquitoes are hypothesized to reduce malaria transmission by shortening the lifespan of Anopheles vectors.Methods A two-arm cluster-randomized controlled trial (cRCT) was conducted in Western Province Zambia. Seventy clusters of 250–350 households were assigned (1:1) by restricted randomization to an intervention arm (ATSB) or control arm (no ATSB) in the context of standard of care vector control (insecticide-treated nets and/or indoor residual spraying). Two ATSB stations (Westham Sarabi, 0.11% dinotefuran w/w) were maintained on exterior walls of eligible household structures for a 7-month deployment period (December-June) during the high malaria transmission season. The primary outcome was clinical malaria incidence among two consecutive seasonal cohorts of children aged 1–14 years, followed-up monthly from January-June in 2022 and 2023. Secondary outcome was Plasmodium falciparum prevalence among individuals aged over six months. Analysis compared clinical malaria incidence and prevalence between arms among the intention-to-treat population.Results ATSB coverage, assessed by cross-sectional survey, was 98.3% in March-April 2022 and 89.5% in March-April 2023. 4494 children contributed any follow-up time to the cohort, with 2313 incident malaria cases in the intervention arm (1.28 per child per six-month transmission season), and 2449 in the control arm (1.38 per child-season). The incidence rate ratio between the two arms was 0.91 (95% CI 0.72–1.15, p = 0.42). 2536 individuals participated in cross-sectional surveys, with prevalence of P. falciparum 50.7% in the intervention arm and 53.5% in the control arm. The odds ratio between the two arms was 0.89 (95% CI 0.66–1.18, p = 0.42). Secondary covariable-adjusted and subgroup analyses did not substantially alter the findings. No serious adverse events associated with the intervention were reported.Conclusions Two ATSB stations deployed per eligible structure for two consecutive transmission seasons did not result in a statistically significant reduction in clinical malaria incidence among children aged 1–14 years or in P. falciparum prevalence in rural western Zambia. Further studies are needed to assess the efficacy of ATSB stations in different settings and with different deployment strategies.Trial registration The trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04800055).
Differential Outcome between BALB/c and C57BL/6 Mice after Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infection Is Associated with a Dissimilar Tolerance Mechanism

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) infections can result in a wide range of clinical presentations despite that EHEC strains belong to the O157:H7 serotype, one of the most pathogenic forms. Although pathogen virulence influences disease outcome, we emphasize the concept of host-pathogen interactions, which involve resistance or tolerance mechanisms in the host that determine total host fitness and bacterial virulence.
Self -Administration of Psychomotor Stimulants Using Progressive Ratio Schedules of Reinforcement

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

With the pioneering work of Weeks (1961,1962) and others (Thompson and Schuster, 1964; Collins and Weeks, 1965; Deneau et al., 1969; Yanagita and Takahashi, 1973), which showed that laboratory animals would voluntarily ingest psychoactive drugs, an enormous field of research has developed that uses “self-administration” techniques to study drug reinforcement. This chapter deals with some of the methods employed in self-administration studies involving rats, with special emphasis placed on the schedules of reinforcement that govern drug delivery.
B2C E-Commerce in India: Evolution, Prospects and Challenges

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The retail industry has been repainted by Internet. Internet has led to the creation of new form of shopping known as online shopping. Use of internet has made the transactions smoother, quicker, faster, and easier. Both the buyers and sellers get benefited by information technology. In recent years, online shopping has been increasingly accepted as an alternative to the traditional brick-and-mortar shopping due to convenience and variety of offerings. In view of this, to add knowledge to the current available literature on e-commerce this article deals with three important aspects of B2C e-commerce in India. The first part of the article presents evolution of B2C e-commerce in India, the second part examines various factors which are playing major role in the development of e-commerce in India and the last part of the paper attempts to highlight the key challenges Indian electronic retailers must be ready to handle.
Biosynthesis of Pd/MnO2 nanocomposite using Solanum melongena plant extract and its application for the one‐pot synthesis of 5‐substituted 1H‐tetrazoles from aryl halides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In this work, for the first time, Solanum melongena plant extract was used for the green synthesis of Pd/MnO 2 nanocomposite via reduction osf Pd(II) ions to Pd(0) and their immobilization on the surface of manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) nanoparticles (NPs) as an effective support. The synthesized nanocomposite were characterized by various analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The catalytic activity of Pd/MnO 2 nanocomposite was used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the one‐pot synthesis of 5‐substituted 1 H ‐tetrazoles from aryl halides containing various electron‐donating or electron‐withdrawing groups in the presence of K 4 [Fe (CN) 6 ] as non‐toxic cyanide source and sodium azide. The products were obtained in good yields via a simple methodology and easy work‐up. The nanocatalyst can be recycled and reused several times with no remarkable loss of activity.
Semi-authoritarianism and democracy in Sri Lanka, 2004–2015

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This four-part exploratory essay examines the nature of the state and democracy in Sri Lanka between 2004 and 2015 through the lens of four issues central to the discipline of comparative politics: state formation; economic growth and political development; derailment of democracy; and democratic transition. Section one explores whether the insights found in English-language scholarship about the state and state building hold relevance for the nature of the state in Sri Lanka between 2004 and 2015. The second section inquires into the relationship between economic growth and political development in Sri Lanka. Section three considers the ways in which democracy was compromised during the reign of Mahinda Rajapaksa’s regime. Lastly, the fourth section investigates whether the 2015 democratic transition from Mahinda Rajapaksa to Maithripala Sirisena was an elite- or mass-driven process.
Enhancing the Skills of Community First Responders (CFR) as The Frontline for Emergency Assistance Through Simulation Training

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: incidence of emergency case in community increase quickly. The (Community First Responders) CFR competence in implementing emergency algorythm as the first responder out of hospital is very important.Purpose: to discribe the CFR competence in implementing emergency algorythm after following simulation training.Methods: pre experimental without control group design with was chosen with the pre and post-test conducted on February 2021 to CFR in Surakarta Central Java, Indonesia. This study used consecutive sample of 222 CFR. The CFR was asked to fulfill questioner before and after following simulation training. Data were analyzed using paired t test.Results: there are improvements in the 8 basic skills of basic emergency assistance obtained by CFRs after participating in the CFR simulation. The increase in competence is not only in the number of members at a moderate level but also from a moderate level to the highest level.Conclusion: training through simulation is one of the most effective ways to increase the competence of CFR members so that they have adequate capacity as the frontline for help to minimize the risk of death and disability as long as they have not received definitive care in the hospital.
Landscape genomics of North American conifers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The long‐term interest of my lab is to understand the molecular basis of plant adaptation to the environment in forest tree populations. A rich history of common garden experimentation has show genetic control of adaptive traits and precise patterning of adaptation across heterogeneous environments. Adaptive traits are assumed to be highly polygenetic but the exact underlying genes were unknown. We have used QTL mapping and association studies in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) to begin to dissect these complex traits to their individual genes. This approach has led to many candidate genes for adaptive traits such as cold‐hardiness and water‐use efficiency. Next we have conducted candidate gene resequencing (Sanger) to discover SNPs. These studies have been done in a large number of North American and European conifers. Gene and SNP annotations are performed and measures of nucleotide diversity and departures from neutrality are estimated. Finally, large populations of geo‐referenced trees are genotyped for SNPs and patterns of demographic and adaptive diversity are estimated.
Improved fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for automatic detection of lung nodules

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The image features of pulmonary nodules in the CT image are inconspicuous, the shape and location is different. Computer-aided detection system can increase the detection rate of lung nodules and reduce the error rate, which can assist the clinicians to distinguish between benign and malignant nodules. This paper presents an improved fuzzy c-means (FCM) method based on the human visual attention model. The simulation result shows the effects of the new method used in computer-aided diagnosis.
Structural modeling to understand the relationship among food safety knowledge, attitude, and self-reported HACCP practices in restaurant employees in Bangladesh

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In this materialistic era, a substantial number of people are likely to have their meals outside of their homes and largely depend on the restaurants' made food due to the prolonged working hours and tremendous pressure in workplace. Consequently, consumers expose themselves to risk and become vulnerable to illness caused by food. Unsafe food preparation and handling by restaurants' workers have made food safety concern for public health. The study was aimed to examine the relationships among food safety knowledge, attitude, and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) practices in restaurant employees in Bangladesh. A total of 360 employees from 120 restaurants participated in a face-to-face interview through a structured questionnaire comprising four sections: demographic characteristics, food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices. The mean scores for each survey item were calculated and used in Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), designed to assess interrelationships among the three sections related to food safety. Participants obtained a correct average score of 53.32% in food safety knowledge, with the highest and lowest correct scores in Good Hygiene Practices (GHPs) and HACCP practices, respectively. The highest score in the attitude section belonged to "self-improvement", followed by "food safety concern". A negative correlation was observed between knowledge with practices, knowledge with attitudes, and a positive correlation was observed between practices with attitudes. A significant positive correlation was observed between HACCP practices with shelf improvement (r = 0.54, p < 0.05) and the knowledge toward food poisoning with GHP practices (r = 0.55, p < 0.05). Self-improvement and food safety concerns are negatively correlated with food poisoning, GHP, and HACCP practice. This study demonstrated that restaurant employees in Bangladesh often lack knowledge regarding food safety and HACCP. So, in order to improve knowledge and attitude on safe HACCP practice among the restaurants employees', proper education and interactive training sessions can be conducted.
Localizations of aluminum in soybean bacteroids and seeds

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Aluminum, long known to be detrimental to soybean productivity, was localized in the polyphosphate granules (PPG) of bacteroids in root nodules of soybean plants. By using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, bacteroids in early infections were shown to have typical PPG constituents. However, in PPG in older infections and after the bacteroids were digested intracellularly, aluminum was also detected. These results indicate that aluminum accumulates in PPG after a period when organisms have been resident in host cells and that high levels of aluminum were present in the bacteroids at the time of their demise. At least some of the aluminum in these laboratory-grown plants could have come from the seeds used.
Nestmate Recognition Assays As a Tool for Population and Ecological Studies in Eusocial Insects: A Review

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Nestmate recognition bioassays are useful in detecting the dispersion of eusocial insect colonies. They also allow investigators to draw inferences concerning the degree of genetic similarity among nestmates and between worker eusocial insects from neighboring colonies. The objectives of this review are to: 1) establish the reliability of nestmate recognition bioassays, as used in ecological studies, 2) provide guidance for investigators who wish to design nestmate recognition bioassays, and 3) suggest future applications of nestmate recognition bioassays in ecological studies of eusocial insects. While investigators have utilized nestmate recognition bioassays in some ecological studies, these assays still have great potential for giving additional insights to our understanding of colony dispersion and of competitive interactions among eusocial insect colonies.
PREVALENCE AND SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE SUICIDES IN RAIGARH DISTRICT OF CHHATTISGARH, INDIA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective- To estimate the suicide prevalence rate on the basis of Indoor Patients of Late Shree Lakhiram Agrawal Memorial Govt. Medical College, Raigarh Chhattisgarh. The present study sample Method- were selected among admitted patient of department of Internal medicine at late Shree Lakhiram Agrawal Memorial Government Medical College and associated Kirodimal Government Hospital, Raigarh, Chhattisgarh, India. Patient committed suicide which were admitted in ICU and medical ward (female and male ward) selected in present study. Total number of patient admitted during January 2020 to June 2020 were ICU 194, male medical ward 1864 and female medical ward 1697 respectively. The total number of admitted patients in this duration was 3755. Result- ndings of study had shown age mean of those person committed in suicide had 28.32 (sd= 11.08) years old and range of the age 14 to 60 years in both genders. Gender wise discrimination are different in age of suicide attempts person in both sex, the female patients mean of age are 27-yearold (sd=10.60), and the range of the age was 14 to 60 years, while the male patient mean of age are 29.60 (sd=11.46) years old, and range of age are 15 to 60 years. The prevalence rate of suicide in Raigarh district of Chhattisgarh, India is 3.40. Suicide continues to be a major Conclusionsignicant problem of India and worldwide. This prevalence rate can be useful in improving prevention and planning of management programme for suicide.
Reversible thermochromism in photopolymerized phosphatidylcholine vesicles

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReversible thermochromism in photopolymerized phosphatidylcholine vesiclesAlok. Singh, Richard B. Thompson, and Joel M. SchnurCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 10, 2785–2787Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00270a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00270a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views474Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Automated Locomotion Robot: using Arduino

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this report we have developed a locomotion robot which is mainly used to deliver goods and parcels from one Place to another.Input signals transmitted from a maximum distance of 150 m without a hitch, and the robot can also follow the instruction with a steady run.So it can be used to deliver products effectively.A small development board with a brain is known as Arduino.It communicates with the real world entities like LEDs and sensors.
Activation of complement mediates antiphospholipid antibody-induced pregnancy loss

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Although it is clear that the specific antigenic reactivityof antiphospholipid(aPL) antibodiesis critical to their effect, the pathogenicmechanisms that resultin injury in vivo are incompletelyunderstood.We hyphothesized that aPL antibodies targeted to the placenta activate complement locally, generating split products that mediate placental injury and lead to foetal loss and growth retardation. To test this hypothesis, we used a murine model of APS in which pregnant mice are injected with human IgG containing aPL antibodies. Mice treated with inhibitors of complement activation and mice deficient in complement components were protected from aPL antibody-inducedfoetal damage. Although the cause of tissue injury in this disease is probably multifactoral, we have shown that complement activation is an absolute requirement for foetal loss and growth restriction and, therefore, that this pathway acts upstream of other important effector mechanisms. Identification of complement activation as a mechanism that is necessary for aPL-induced tissue damage and definition of the complement components necessary to trigger such injury is likely to lead to a better understandingof the pathogenesis of vascular and tissue injury in SLE and to new and improved treatments.
DEVELOPMENT OF A PROGRAM FOR VISUALIZATION OF DATA FROM SENSOR MPU6050 IN PYTHON FOR MOBILE ROBOTS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The MPU6050 sensor is a device that combines a gyroscope and an accelerometer and allows you to determine the orientation and movement of an object in space [1,2]. For mobile robots, such a sensor can be very useful as it can provide information about the current position and movement of the robot. [3-5]
Characteristics of acute unconsciousness with basilar artery (BA) occlusion (P5.040)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To clarify diagnostic characteristics and significance of acute unconsciousness with BA occlusion. Background: Diagnosis of BA occlusion is occasionally delayed, because it only represents 1% of all ischemic strokes and typically presents with unconsciousness without focal neurologic deficits. Design/Methods: Between July 2011 and August 2016, 27 patients were diagnosed with BA occlusion, and 13 presented with Glasgow coma scale (GCS) Results: All the 8 patients suddenly lost consciousness and instantly became totally unresponsive. Their levels assessed by ambulance service were already GCS Conclusions: Acute unconsciousness with BA occlusion can be an instant deep coma. This presentation might be diagnostic and related to distal BA occlusion. Infarct extent is correlated with time from onset in these patients. Disclosure: Dr. Takano has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tanaka has nothing to disclose. Dr. Abe has nothing to disclose.
Transitional Cell Carcinoma of Residual Kidney after Partial Nephrectomy for Renal Adenocarcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Transitional cell carcinoma of the superior calyces was found 1 year after ipsilateral partial nephrectomy for renal adenocarcinoma. The main special features of the case are the rare occurrence of two primary tumours in the same kidney and the previous conservative surgery. A review of the literature has revealed no earlier case of this type.
Catherine L. Evans. Unsound Empire: Civilization and Madness in Late-Victorian Law.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Catherine L. Evans. Unsound Empire: Civilization and Madness in Late-Victorian Law. Get access Catherine L. Evans. Unsound Empire: Civilization and Madness in Late-Victorian Law. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2021. Pp. 290. $65.00. Erik Linstrum Erik Linstrum University of Virginia, USA Email: linstrum@virginia.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 128, Issue 1, March 2023, Pages 433–434, https://doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhad076 Published: 31 March 2023