jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Soft Tissues

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Soft tissue tumours comprise a group of rather distinct neoplasms of predominant mesenchymal differentiation. They are classified according to their line of differentiation and clinical behaviour. Specific cytogenetic and molecular genetic abnormalities have been identified in several of them, and the discovery of these abnormalities has not only allowed their better classification but also has opened avenues for the development of novel therapies. Soft tissue tumours are mainly treated with surgical procedures but radiotherapy and chemotherapy play a major role in the treatment of malignant tumours. Their prognosis vary widely and depend mainly on the line of differentiation, histologic grade and clinical stage.
In patients with acute gouty attacks, should allopurinol be started immediately or delayed?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER Starting allopurinol immediately may not have large adverse effects on duration, severity, or recurrence of acute gouty attacks (SOR: B, limited-quality noninferiority RCTs). In patients who are candidates for allopurinol, allopurinol 100 mg daily may be started with colchicine 0.6 mg BID at the onset of an acute flair, with a goal of titrating allopurinol up after 2–5 weeks (SOR: C, consensus guideline).
Social Justice and the Florida Net Ban Controversy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In a general election in November of 1994 the Florida electorate voted in favor of a referendum limiting marine net fishing in state waters. This amendment to Florida’s constitution represents a resource allocation decision made by the people that is somewhat unprecedented due to its major environmental and human impacts. This paper focuses on the events surrounding what is now commonly known as the Florida “net ban ” issue from a social justice perspective. The two main components of social justice, procedural and distributive, are considered from the viewpoint of commercial fishermen who were directly affected by the net ban controversy. Florida’s commercial fishermen held strong feelings that they were victims of injustice even prior to the net ban. Their comments and behaviors indic ted feelings of procedural injustice and decremental deprivation. After the net ban these pre-existing feelings were intensified and other negative feelings related to inequity may have also developed. The case study also brought attention to features of agency allocation systems and referendum allocation processes that lead to injustices. When responsibility and control over resource allocation is diffuse and the system for passing regulations is subject to lengthy delays, social justice becomes an even more difficult goal to achieve. In both agency allocation processes and referendum processes rules that are designed to enhance procedural justice may not always fulfill this objective in real case situations. Referendum
Corporate Management of Cultural Systems

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Cultural development initiatives taking place amid the resultant vector, compounds advance imposed by major social entities (developed countries) with great networked, clustered culture in the European area in the first quarter of the XXI century. Essentially, launched to challenge the study paper "corporate management of cultural systems", which means some kind of "new bureaucracy" but the spiritual background, creative, organizational and positive deviant behavior. The paper was presented at the international conference "Cultural Wealth Management" at the Romanian Academy, 11-12 June 2015, Bucharest, Conference stated in scientific events of POSDRU / 159 / 1.5 / S / 136 077 "Romanian Culture and European cultural models: research, timing, sustainabilityâ€ . Resumed article for international dissemination shows that there is a need to develop new rules for the operation of management systems of national cultural wealth, not as an affront or resistance to the new wave of homogenization, but as a variation of aging, "conservation living", indigenous culture and cultural wealth to be distinct contribution to European culture.
Caudillismo in Northwestern South America

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research Article| October 01 1952 Caudillismo in Northwestern South America George I. Blanksten George I. Blanksten Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google South Atlantic Quarterly (1952) 51 (4): 493–503. https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-51-4-493 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation George I. Blanksten; Caudillismo in Northwestern South America. South Atlantic Quarterly 1 October 1952; 51 (4): 493–503. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-51-4-493 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsSouth Atlantic Quarterly Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1952 by Duke University Press1952 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Data from Optical Imaging of Glucose Uptake and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential to Characterize Her2 Breast Tumor Metabolic Phenotypes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>With the large number of women diagnosed and treated for breast cancer each year, the importance of studying recurrence has become evident due to most deaths from breast cancer resulting from tumor recurrence following therapy. To mitigate this, cellular and molecular pathways used by residual disease prior to recurrence must be studied. An altered metabolism has long been considered a hallmark of cancer, and several recent studies have gone further to report metabolic dysfunction and alterations as key to understanding the underlying behavior of dormant and recurrent cancer cells. Our group has used two probes, 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, 3-diaxol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) and tetramethyl rhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE), to image glucose uptake and mitochondrial membrane potential, respectively, to report changes in metabolism between primary tumors, regression, residual disease, and after regrowth in genetically engineered mouse (GEM)-derived mammospheres. Imaging revealed unique metabolic phenotypes across the stages of tumor development. Although primary mammospheres overexpressing Her2 maintained increased glucose uptake (“Warburg effect”), after Her2 downregulation, during regression and residual disease, mammospheres appeared to switch to oxidative phosphorylation. Interestingly, in mammospheres where Her2 overexpression was turned back on to model recurrence, glucose uptake was lowest, indicating a potential change in substrate preference following the reactivation of Her2, reeliciting growth. Our findings highlight the importance of imaging metabolic adaptions to gain insight into the fundamental behaviors of residual and recurrent disease.</p>Implications:<p>This study demonstrates these functional fluorescent probes' ability to report metabolic adaptations during primary tumor growth, regression, residual disease, and regrowth in Her2 breast tumors.</p></div>
Educational sessions on assessing rationality of prescriptions: Student feedback

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Sessions on rational use of medicines are being conducted at the Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal. Recently, sessions on analyzing rationality of prescriptions have been introduced. The present study was carried out to obtain information on the attitudes of preclinical medical students towards the sessions and note association, if any, of the attitudes with the respondents’ characteristics. Methods: Student feedback was collected using an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. The student attitudes were measured using a modified Likert-type scale. The median total score was calculated and association was determined using appropriate statistical tests. Results: The overall response rate was 73.5% (164 of the 223 students). Indians and Nepalese were the common nationalities and majority of respondents were urban and self-financing. No association was observed of the score with demographic characteristics. Conclusion: The overall student response was positive and the sessions should be continued and strengthened.
Insect Diversity from the Carboniferous to Recent

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Changes in insect biodiversity in terms of the number of families throughout the history of the class are described. The results are compared with those published recently by other researchers and possible reasons for observed differences are discussed. The main stages in the evolution of insect diversity are recognized. The per-family rates of the appearance and extinction of families, the mean longevity of families existing during certain periods of the geological time, and the rates of renewal of entomofauna are considered.
Long-Term Results of Dexell Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux: An Option for the Management of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) due to vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is common in Iraq. Endoscopic treatment of VUR is used with advantages over antibiotic prophylaxis and ureteral reimplantation. Objectives: This study was performed to assess the efficacy of a new agent, Dexell, for treating patients with VUR and its ability to manage recurrent UTI. Materials and Methods: This research was a prospective study recruiting 156 patients with VUR treated by endoscopic subureteric injection of Dexell. Results: VUR were unilateral in 87 cases and bilateral in 69 cases. VUR grades II-V were 18.7%, 28%, 32%, and 21.3%, respectively. The success rates were 64% after the first injection, 82.7% after second injection, and 93.3% after third injection. All patients with grades II and III were resolved completely while the success rates in higher grades were 91.7% for grade IV and 87.5% for grade V. No significant difference was noted between males and females regarding the success rate of endoscopic treatment (92% vs 91.6%, P > 0.05). Recurrent UTI did not occur throughout the study period after the operation. Conclusions: Cystoscopic injection of Dexell is an effective method for treating patients with VUR. It is a safe day case procedure that can prevent recurrent UTI in patients with VUR.
Sector-Wide and Country-Specific Drivers of Firm Performance in the Visegrad Group Dairy Industry

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The paper investigates the effects of sector-wide and country-specific determinants on profitability of the dairy industry in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Hungary over the period of years 2006- 2014. Using an econometric approach, a hypothesis about the impact of various drivers of firm performance on both sector and country level was tested. The findings confirm that these factors have a significant impact on the dairy firms’ performance in the V4 countries. It was found out that foreign competition measured by the import penetration ratio had significant negative impact on dairy firm performance. The positive development of GDP and market concentration affected profitability positively. The results could help in designing common agricultural and industrial policy in the European Union as well as in managing the mutual trade of milk products in V4 countries.
An Innovative Design for a Versatile Maxillary Expander: FAVEX

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Rapid palatal expansion has been associated with significant short and long term unwanted effects such as dentoalveolar tipping and detrimental periodontal effects when carried out in skeletally mature individuals. Mini implant assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) has proven to reduce the undesirable effects seen in tooth supported expanders and allows expansion even in adults. A variety of designs have been suggested with their pros and cons. Biomechanically, it is important that the TADs attachment of the expansion appliance should be as close to the palatal vault as possible. This prevents bending of TADs and allows for a better split by keeping forces closer to the bone. According to the T zone concept given by Benedict Wilmes, the bone in the canine-premolar region is much superior for TAD insertion and stability as compared to the bone in the molar region. Considering all the above features a new MARPE appliance was designed which is versatile, anatomically compatible and easy to use. FAVEX is a treatment-centric appliance so that the treatment need not be appliance centric.
Understanding Food Consumption Characteristics of Single-Person Households by Age Group

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

본 연구는 1인 가구의 세대별 그룹 간 식품소비행태 특성에서의 차이점을 파악하고 1인 가구의 식품관련 소비 자정책 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하려고 한다. 한국농촌경제연구원에서 수행한 2021년 식품소비행태 조사 자료를 활용하여, 1인 가구를 세대별 그룹인 20~30대, 40~50대, 60~70대 1인 가구로 구분하였다. 설 문조사에 참여한 916명의 1인 가구 중 20~30대 1인 가구는 214명(23.4%), 40~50대 1인 가구는 314명 (34.3%), 60~70대 1인 가구는 388명(42.4%)을 차지하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 주요 문항들을 아우르는 상 위 개념은 식품소비 관련 개인적, 인지적, 행동적 특성으로 식생활 라이프스타일, 친환경 소비행태, 편리추구 소 비행태, 식생활 소비자역량이었다. 일련의 다변량분산분석과 일변량분산분석을 실행하여 1인 가구의 세대별 집단 간 식품소비행태 특성의 차이를 검증하였으며, 분석 결과 1인 가구 세대별 집단들이 대부분의 식품소비행태 특성 에서 유의미하게 다르다고 나타났다. 다음으로, 다중회귀분석을 통해 식품 관련 소비자정책 만족도 하위영역 중 식품 가격/거래 정책 만족도, 식품 피해구제 정책 만족도, 식품 표시정책 만족도에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 요인 을 검증하였다. 결론 및 시사점에서는 1인 가구의 세대별 집단에 더욱 적합한 식품관련 소비자정책 추진방향에 관해 구체적으로 논의하였다.
Materials Data on Gd(NO3)3 by Materials Project

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Gd(NO3)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of one Gd(NO3)3 sheet oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. Gd3+ is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to ten O2- atoms. There are a spread of Gd–O bond distances ranging from 2.42–2.72 Å. There are three inequivalent N5+ sites. In the first N5+ site, N5+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three O2- atoms. There are a spread of N–O bond distances ranging from 1.25–1.28 Å. In the second N5+ site, N5+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.26 Å) and two longer (1.27 Å) N–O bond length. In the third N5+ site, N5+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three O2- atoms. There are a spread of N–O bond distances ranging from 1.24–1.31 Å. There are nine inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Gd3+ and one N5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Gd3+ and one N5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Gd3+ and one N5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Gd3+ and one N5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted L-shaped geometry to one Gd3+ and one N5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Gd3+ and one N5+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted L-shaped geometry to one Gd3+ and one N5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to one Gd3+ and one N5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted L-shaped geometry to one Gd3+ and one N5+ atom.
Biological studies of a European fruit fly, Euphranta connexa (Diptera: Tephritidae), a candidate biological control agent for invasive swallow-worts

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The biology of Euphranta connexa was investigated to assess its potential as a biological control agent for introduction in North America against the invasive weeds Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) and V. nigrum (L.) (Apocynaceae). A range of temperatures suitable for development was determined for the pupal and egg stages of E. connexa. The pupa is the overwintering stage of E. connexa and does not exhibit a diapause, but undergoes a cold induced quiescence. The relationship of temperature to pupal developmental was investigated and did not differ among insects from sites over a range of altitude of 1300 m, indicating E. connexa may not be locally adapted. When adult female E. connexa emerged from pupae they had not developed eggs but 10 to 15 days later they had a full complement of developed eggs. Mating of E. connexa did not affect the egg load of females but egg load was reduced in females that had spent longer as pupae in cold conditions. There was evidence that females could reabsorb previously developed eggs. In surveys for larval and larval-pupal parasitoids of E. connexa infested seedpods of V. hirundinaria from three countries, there were a total of 1599 parasitoids from eight Hymenoptera families,and most parasitoids were Braconidae. Prior to the survey, the fruit midge, Contarinia asclepiadis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) was considered rare, but it was found in seedpods from all collection sites in Switzerland and infested about 9.2% of seedpods at two localities in 2013. Of 13 parasitoid morphospecies found in the survey, two braconid and one ichneumonid morphospecies were frequent and were parasitoids of E. connexa, three platygastrid morphospecies were probably parasitoids of C. asclepiadis, and three morphospecies were probably hyperparasitoids. The thesis research will allow development of effective methods for studying impact and host range of E. connexa, studies that are required to assess the potential as a biological control agent against V. rossicum and V. nigrum.
Allergic Contact Dermatitis Caused by Idoxuridine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Idoxuridine has been used for many years in the treatment of herpex simplex infections of the eye. Use of the drug for herpes simplex infection of the skin is increasing. Ophthalmologists have noted occasional conjunctival and corneal irritant reactions, but no true delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity has been verified. We report four cases of allergic contact dermatitis from idoxuridine, sensitized by both eye and skin applications. Cross reactivity to brominated and chlorinated, but not fluorinated, pyrimidine analogues is noted. Extensive patch testing indicates the general relationship between the structure of pyrimidine compounds and their antigenic cross reactivity.
Transdermal scopolamine for peripheral vertigo (A double-blind study)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Transdermal scopolamine medication has been evaluated in 30 cases of acute peripheral vertigo. The double blind study revealed favourable effects, e.g. in Menière's disease. The best compromise between effect and side-effects was one active medication patch. The side-effects were those described for scopolamine, such as blurred vision and dryness of the mouth. Transdermal scopolamine seems to offer an alternative form of medication in acute peripheral vertigo.
Assessment of Aphrodisiac Effects of Methanol Extract of Carpolobia lutea Root in Male Rabbits

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In spite of the folkloric use of the root of Carpolobia lutea as sexual stimulant in man, there is no scientific prove of its efficacy. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of methanol extract of Carpolobia lutea root (MECL) on sexual activity of male rabbits. Twenty adult male rabbits (1.5‐2.0kg) divided into four equal groups were treated daily (orally) for 28days as follows; group1‐control (2 ml/kg 1% tween‐20), group2 (40 mg/kg MECL), group3 (80 mg/kg MECL) and group4 (0.5 mg/kg sildenafil citrate). The male rabbits were then cohabited with sexually receptive female at estrus and sexual activities of the male were recorded on days 0, 1, 3 and 5 using a digital camera mounted on the mating arena. Indices of sexual activities were determined. The male rabbits were sacrificed on day 29 and serum testosterone concentration was measured by ELISA technique. Homogenates of the corpora cavernosa were also obtained for determination of nitric oxide concentration. The Carpolobia lutea extract significantly increased mount frequency, intromission frequency and ejaculatory latency, while it reduced mount latency, intromission latency and post ejaculatory latency (similar to sildenafil citrate) when compared with the control. The extract also caused a significant increase in nitric oxide concentration in corpora cavernosa but no change in serum testosterone concentration. The results suggest that the methanol extract of Carpolobia lutea root improves male sexual activity via an increase in nitric oxide concentration which may be useful in certain forms of sexual inadequacies such as premature ejaculation and impaired libido. The study thus provides scientific rationale for the traditional use of Carpolobia lutea in the management of penile erectile dysfunction.
Combination of Spatial Filtering and Adaptive Wavelet Thresholding for Image Denoising

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Thresholding in wavelet domain has proven very high performances in image denoising and particularly for homogeneous ones.Conversely, and in cases of relatively non-homogeneous scenes, it often induces the loss of some true coefficients; inducing so, to smoothing the details and the different features of the thresholded image.Therefore, and in order to overcome this shortcoming, we introduce within this paper a new alternative made by a combination of advantages of both spatial filtering and wavelet thresholding; that ensures well removing the noise effect while preserving the different features of the considered image.First, the degraded image is decomposed into wavelet coefficients via a 2-level 2D-DWT.Then, the finest detail sub-bands likely due to noise, are thresholded in order to maximally cancel the noise contribution.The remaining noise shared across the coarse detail subbands (LH2, HL2, and HH2) is cleaned by filtering these mentioned sub-bands via an adaptive wiener filter instead of thresholding them; avoiding so smoothing the acquired image.Finally, a joint bilateral filter (JBF) is applied to ensure the preservation of the different image features.Experimental results show notable performances of our new proposed scheme compared to the recent state-of-the-art schemes visually and in terms of (MSE), (PSNR) and correlation coefficient.
Modular family symmetry in fluxed GUTs

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We discuss modular family symmetry in effective theories based on generic properties of bottom-up local F-theory inspired grand unified theories (GUTs) broken by fluxes, which we refer to as fluxed GUTs. We argue that the Yukawa couplings will depend on the complex structure moduli of the matter curves in such a way that they can be modular forms associated with these symmetries. To illustrate the approach, we analyze in detail a concrete local fluxed SU(5) GUT with modular S4 family symmetry.