jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase and PI 4-kinase binding to the CD4-p56lck complex: the p56lck SH3 domain binds to PI 3-kinase but not PI 4-kinase.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

CD4 serves as a receptor for major histocompatibility complex class II antigens and as a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viral coat protein gp120. It is coupled to the protein-tyrosine kinase p56lck, an interaction necessary for an optimal response of certain T cells to antigen. In addition to the protein-tyrosine kinase domain, p56lck possesses Src homology 2 and 3 (SH2 and SH3) domains as well as a unique N-terminal region. The mechanism by which p56lck generates intracellular signals is unclear, although it has the potential to interact with various downstream molecules. One such downstream target is the lipid kinase phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase), which has been found to bind to activated pp60src and receptor-tyrosine kinases. In this study, we verified that PI 3-kinase associates with the CD4:p56lck complex as judged by the presence of PI 3-phosphate generated from anti-CD4 immunoprecipitates and detected by high-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis. However, surprisingly, CD4-p56lck was also found to associate with another lipid kinase, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI 4-kinase). The level of associated PI 4-kinase was generally higher than PI 3-kinase activity. HIV-1 gp120 and antibody-mediated cross-linking induced a 5- to 10-fold increase in the level of CD4-associated PI 4- and PI 3-kinases. The use of glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins carrying Lck-SH2, Lck-SH3, and Lck-SH2/SH3 domains showed PI 3-kinase binding to the SH3 domain of p56lck, an interaction facilitated by the presence of an adjacent SH2 domain. PI 4-kinase bound to neither the SH2 nor the SH3 domain of p56lck. CD4-p56lck contributes PI 3- and PI 4-kinase to the activation process of T cells and may play a role in HIV-1-induced immune defects.
A study of fucidin uptake in ischaemic tissues.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Twenty-five patients undergoing vascular surgery were given Fucidin 500 mg t.d.s. for the 3 days prior to surgery. Serum and fat levels obtained at the time of surgery show that the antibiotic is well absorbed and penetrates relatively ischaemic tissues. The levels obtained greatly exceed the MIC for Staphylococcus aureus.
Investigating the healing effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of pomegranate seed (Punica granatum) on the full thickness wound in rabbit

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: This research designed to investigate the wound healing process with pomegranate hydroalcoholic seed extract (Punica granatum) in comparison with no-treatment, betamethasone, phenytoin and eucerin in rabbits. Methods: The positive group including groups that received phenytoin cream (1%) and topical eucerin, respectively, twice a day to complete wound healing. negative Control group did not obtain any treatment. Treatment groups were received cream of PSE (2, 5,7,10 w/w) in eucerin and 75% w/w as purified extract twice daily. In order to measure the percentage of wound healing, the zone of the wound was evaluated daily. Histological studies were done on the 7th and 15th days of treatment. Next, hydroxyproline content of wounds healed and tensile strength of wound tissue samples were measured. Results: The results demonstrated between PSE treatment groups and eucerin animals were statistically significant aadifferences (P<0.05) in most of the days reviewed. Treatment of Rabbits with 10% PSE had the best results (complete wound recovery in 12 days). Also, this treatment showed higher hydroxyproline content and higher tissue strength. Conclusion: This research reveals that the extract of 10% PSE administrated topically has the proper potential to induce wound recovery in the wound model of rabbits. In addition, 10% PSE accelerates the healing of the wound. Further study needs to clarify the results of this research.
Tertiary nitrification in pilot-plant plug-flow fixed-film reactors with long-term ammonium deficiency

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The objective of this study is to investigate to what extent the nitrification capacity of a pilot-plant fixed-film reactor changes during extensive periods of nutrient supply deficiency. The examined pilot-plant was an upflow reactor filled with swelling clay of medium grain size (6 to 8 mm). The experiments revealed that the maximum nitrification rate remained practically constant during the first weeks after the onset of unregulated ammonium supply. The capacity declined slowly, dropping to approximately 66% of the initial capacity after about ten weeks. Still ammonium peaks of up to 8 mg/l were readily nitrified throughout the entire period of the experiment. The reduction in nitrification capacity during the observation period did not result from decay processes of biomass but from the reactor becoming blocked and thus hampering transfer processes. It could be observed that the detached organisms attached again further up. This semi-industrial project demonstrated that a plug-flow fixed-film reactor can be used as effective means of tertiary nitrification.
Specifics of determining the discount rate in the machine-building enterprise valuation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Subject. Currently, there is an increasing need to determine the market value of organizations. Machine-building enterprises have a number of special features that must be taken into account when evaluating the business. Objectives. The focus is on developing certain provisions of methodology and practice for evaluating engineering organizations, namely, the assessment of additional risk of inventory items’ marketability when calculating the discount rate. Methods. The study employs the dialectical method of cognition, the systems approach, economic and analytical research methods. Results. I analyzed the specifics of marketability of inventory items of engineering enterprises and risks related thereto. The paper offers a three-level classification of stock and its risk identification, taking into account the criteria for dividing the stock by purpose, liquidity, and inventory carrying costs in accordance with the included scale. Based on the classification, I developed recommendations for determining the discount rate when evaluating engineering organizations, aimed at additional risk assessment. Conclusions. Evaluation procedures within the framework of traditional approaches and methods applied to machine-building enterprises disregard the risks that are specific to this type of economic activity. The proposed methodology for calculating the discount rate for these organizations is tailored to the specifics of their operation.
Response to Comment on: Atkinson. It's Time to Consider Changing the Rules: The Rationale for Rethinking Control Groups in Clinical Trials Aimed at Reversing Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2011;60:361–363

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In 2003, the President of the United States introduced a now often used phrase into the American lexicon, “Mission accomplished” (1). While history has not judged, to the greatest of degrees, his proclamation with favor in terms of its accuracy, the idiom does seem a fitting response to the letter by Sanda and Greenbaum (2), written in reaction to my editorial (3). This claim can effectively be made as their action is exactly what I hoped would occur: an open discourse…a debate, on how trials to reverse type 1 diabetes are designed and …
Regression Equations for Predicting the Size of Unerupted Canines and Premolars in an Iranian Population: A Pilot Study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate equations for predicting the size of unerupted canines and premolars during the mixed dentition period in an Iranian population. Methods and Materials This cross-sectional analysis was performed on 106 subjects (52 girls, 54 boys, aged 13–15 years). Data were obtained from dental cast by making direct measurements of the maximum mesiodistal widths of all mandibular and maxillary incisors, canines, premolars, and first molars with an electronic digital sliding caliper, with an accuracy of ±0.02 mm and repeatability of ±0.01 mm. The results were statistically analyzed using Student t tests, Pearson product-moment coefficients, and ANOVA tests. Correlation coefficients (r) and error variance of estimates were determined using a significance level of p<0.05. Results No significant differences were found between the mesiodistal tooth widths of males and females in this Iranian population. The highest correlation was between the sum of the mesiodistal width of canines and premolars in the maxilla with the mesiodistal width of the mandibular first molars and maxillary central incisors (r=0.742). A moderate correlation was obtained in the mandible (r=0.665). Approximations were developed to predict the size of the unerupted canines and premolars in both jaws (in the maxilla, Y = 0.740X + 14.271, or the simplified formula, Y = 3/4X + 14; for the mandibular arch, Y = 0.658X + 16.353, or the simplified formula, Y = 2/3 X + 16). Conclusion The strongest correlation was found for the sum of the mesiodistal width of canines and premolars in the maxilla with the mesiodistal width of the mandibular first molars and maxillary central incisors in the maxillary analysis (r=0.742). A moderate correlation was found in the mandible for the sum of the mesiodistal width of canines and premolars with the mesiodistal width of the mandibular first molars and maxillary central incisors (r=0.665). Clinical Significance The simplified equations proposed for the maxillary arch (Y = 3/4 X + 14) and for the mandibular arch (Y = 2/3 X + 16) offer an easy and practical way to predict the size of unerupted canines and premolars in the maxillary and mandibular arches of Iranian children. Citation Talebi M, Parisay I, Sarraf A, Mazhari F. Regression equations for predicting the size of unerupted canines and premolars in an Iranian population: A pilot study. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet], 2010 October; 11(5):033-040. Available from http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/ volume11-issue5-talebi
Early Warning Measurement of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in Wastewaters by Mass Spectrometry

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Wastewater surveillance has rapidly emerged as an early warning tool to track COVID-19. However, the early warning measurement of new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) in wastewaters remains a major challenge. We herein report a rapid analytical strategy for quantitative measurement of VOCs, which couples nested polymerase chain reaction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (nPCR-LC-MS). This method showed a greater selectivity than the current allele-specific quantitative PCR (AS-qPCR) for tracking new VOC and allowed the detection of multiple signature mutations in a single measurement. By measuring the Omicron variant in wastewaters across nine Ontario wastewater treatment plants serving over a three million population, the nPCR-LC-MS method demonstrated a better quantification accuracy than next-generation sequencing (NGS), particularly at the early stage of community spreading of Omicron. This work addresses a major challenge for current SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance by rapidly and accurately measuring VOCs in wastewaters for early warning.
Cognition process of developers

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

There have been many written articles by various academic and researchers on the cognition process of humans. However, literature and research from a software developer’s perspective are limited. In this research project, it aims to investigate how software developers understand program information and identify the kind of cognitive process and information structure they used in their daily work through empirical studies and data analysis. The purpose of this project is to investigate the behavioural patterns of software developers through the conduct of a program experiment where participants were invited to debug and attempt to run a program free of errors within a time frame of thirty minutes. The experiment also aims to offer an insight into how software developers think when debugging the program by analyzing the kind of activity or technique used to solve the programming errors based on the data collected from the experimental results. The entire experiment consist of three main components; a pre-survey questionnaire to get a brief profile of the software development background of participants, a experiment with a debugger program where participants have to record their attempt using a screen capture software and finally, a post survey questionnaire to get a clear insight and brief understanding in relation to the cognition process of each participant towards software development and programming based on their responses. The data analysis performed on the data collected and experimental results suggested that all the participants involved in this project had different strategies, approaches and thinking processes towards understanding software program information. Each of the participant’s cognitive process is unique and they were not exactly similar, even though there was a general consensus on some of the problem solving techniques used. However, due to a small sample size used for this project, it is recommended that a bigger sample size be used to get a better result on the behaviour patterns of software developers based on their cognitive process towards understanding program information.
Phosphorylation of Hemocyanin at S293 Activates p38 MAPK Signaling to Induce Antimicrobial Peptides in Penaeus vannamei

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This data is raw data about "Phosphorylation of Hemocyanin at S293 Activates p38 MAPK Signaling to Induce Antimicrobial Peptides in Penaeus vannamei"
Data from PET Imaging of Tumor Growth: Not as Easy as It Looks

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Positron emission tomography can be used to image tumor proliferation when combined with appropriate labeled tracers, such as the thymidine analog [<sup>18</sup>F]-3′-deoxy-3′-fluorothymidine. Although thymidine kinase 1 is the principal mechanism of cell trapping, other variables, such as the cellular level of native thymidine, may need to be considered. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 18(5); 1189–91. ©2012 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Intramolecular Diels-Alder additions. 3. Additions to isoindole

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular Diels-Alder additions. 3. Additions to isoindoleEngelbert CiganekCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 8, 1512–1513Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01296a033RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views185Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (268 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Use of POCUS in the Diagnosis of Paradoxical Vocal Cord Movement

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Point-of-care ultrasound has been instrumental in allowing providers to make prompt diagnoses at the bedside but has been historically underutilized for the diagnosis of upper airway processes, including paradoxical vocal fold motion (PVFM), also known as vocal cord dysfunction. PVFM is characterized by adduction of the vocal cords during inspiration, resulting in stridor and shortness of breath. This case report describes a teenage girl who presented to the pediatric emergency department (ED) with difficulty breathing. Point-of-care ultrasound diagnosed PVFM, which was confirmed with bedside flexible laryngoscopy by otorhinolaryngology (ENT) in the ED.
LHD imp02 #182355.1 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Line intensities of Lyman-alpha and some impurity ions to monitor impurity behaviors, which use 20cm normal incidence monochromators, grazing incidence monochromator, and interference filter + photomultipliers (or + APD), for CIV, OVI, HI, FeXVI, CIII and OV.
To share or not to share:Teachers’ use of student data for making pedagogical decisions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Teachers are expected to use evidence about students’ progress to inform their teaching and account for this progress to others. These requirements emphasise the need for educators’ competence in the collection, collation, analysis, interpretation and use of a range of data. In this paper we report on the results of a one-year University of Waikato Strategic Investment Fund (SIF) research project aimed at understanding how New Zealand teachers collect student data, what data they collect, how they share the outcomes of data analysis, and how they use the data to inform their teaching. \nTo address these questions we collected data through an online survey, which had 311 teacher and principal respondents, and through focus group interviews with 45 participants. The survey questions explored educators’ perceptions about needed data literacy skills for pedagogical action and ways of scaffolding and developing them. The interviews focused on school’s context, content, practice and relationships when analysing student data. Quantitative and qualitative analyses explored how individual teachers and the collective generate, interpret, share and plan pedagogical actions using students’ recorded data. \nThe results indicate that teachers collect and collate a range of different types of data and use them for various purposes such as to identify student learning needs, help students’ transitions and work with their set targets for student learning. However, the participants raised concerns regarding their data literacy skills and the accuracy of their own interpretation and understandings of how to use the collected data to make informed decision for their teaching. The findings also suggest that teachers consider there are a number of challenges in sharing and discussing data with their colleagues within their own school and across Kāhui Ako schools. The participants raised issues around moderation, lack of validity and reliability of data, feeling uncomfortable for being judged when sharing data and/or the potential for data use for appraisal. \nThese findings have implications for supporting teachers’ collaborative data analysis and use, data literacy professional development of teachers/leaders, and informing the data-driven pedagogical decisions across schools.
Organise an international medical meeting III: Registration and its problems.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

achievement in having promoted the return to learning of the medical profession.The leaders of organised medicine may congratulate themselves at having fended off consumerist and demagogic outcries for recertification and other government controls; and the drug companies would rather pay for education than for calendars and doctor's bags.There is, in addition, in these days of economic stagnation, the prospect of creating many new jobs for professionals, administrators, and clerks-who will do nothing in particular but do it very well.And un- doubtedly before long other professions such as lawyers, pharmacists, plumbers, watchmakers, and legislators should join in the learning stampede and develop their own continuing education programmes, complete with categories, hours, criteria, credits, and self-evaluation feedback mechanisms.
Quadrature Methods for Strongly Elliptic Cauchy Singular Integral Equations on an Interval

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper is concerned with a quadrature method for singular integral equations on a finite interval. It is proved that the strong ellipticity is necessary and sufficient for this numerical procedure to be stable. The proof of this result is based on the symbol calculus on the algebra generated by Toeplitz matrices due to Gohberg and Krupnik [12].Estimates for the speed of convergence as well as numerical examples are given.
HOW INITIAL COMPOSITION AFFECTS THE LATER DEVELOPMENT? - A SECONDARY SUCCESSIONAL STUDY IN DIFFERENTLY MANAGED AGRICULTURAL SITES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant succession is a well-studied phenomenon in plant ecology, yet the effects of disturbance and its influence on initial plant composition received little attention in this process. From many of the potential reasons we investigated the effect of soil fungi on early succession. At each site a total of 60 permanent plots were established and fungicide treatment was used on half of the plots, the other half served as control. We found that management by influencing initial plant communities, determine the way how forb and grass dominancy changes in time. In addition, our findings support that the applied fungicide treatment influence successional development of plant communities. Specifically, the elimination of fungi from an annual-dominated (highly disturbed) site led to stronger grass dominance, while decreased the presence of forbs. Nevertheless in the perennial-dominated (less disturbed) site fungicide treatments favored to forbs, but this effect was not significant. Our results suggest that previously used management regimes strongly affect the later secondary successional events that can also be strongly influenced by the soil fungal community.