jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A novel noninvasive method to detect rejection after heart transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Prompt and accurate detection of rejection prior to pathological changes after organ transplantation is vital for monitoring rejections. Although biopsy remains the current gold standard for rejection diagnosis, it is an invasive method and cannot be repeated daily. Thus, noninvasive monitoring methods are needed. In this study, by introducing an IL-2 neutralizing monoclonal antibody (IL-2 N-mAb) and immunosuppressants into the culture with the presence of specific stimulators and activated lymphocytes, an activated lymphocyte-specific assay (ALSA) system was established to detect the specific activated lymphocytes. This assay demonstrated that the suppression in the ALSA test was closely related to the existence of specific activated lymphocytes. The ALSA test was applied to 47 heart graft recipients and the proliferation of activated lymphocytes from all rejection recipients proven by endomyocardial biopsies was found to be inhibited by spleen cells from the corresponding donors, suggesting that this suppression could reflect the existence of activated lymphocytes against donor antigens, and thus the rejection of a heart graft. The sensitivity of the ALSA test in these 47 heart graft recipients was 100%; however, the specificity was only 37.5%. It was also demonstrated that IL-2 N-mAb was indispensible, and the proper culture time courses and concentrations of stimulators were essential for the ALSA test. This preliminary study with 47 grafts revealed that the ALSA test was a promising noninvasive tool, which could be used in vitro to assist with the diagnosis of rejection post-heart transplantation.
A Bayesian approach to Expert Gate Incremental Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Incremental learning involves Machine Learning paradigms that dynamically adjust their previous knowledge whenever new training samples emerge. To address the problem of multi-task incremental learning without storing any samples of the previous tasks, the so-called Expert Gate paradigm was proposed, which consists of a Gate and a downstream network of task-specific CNNs, a.k.a. the Experts. The gate forwards the input to a certain expert, based on the decision made by a set of autoencoders. Unfortunately, as a CNN is intrinsically incapable of dealing with inputs of a class it was not specifically trained on, the activation of the wrong expert will invariably end into a classification error. To address this issue, we propose a probabilistic extension of the classic Expert Gate paradigm. Exploiting the prediction uncertainty estimations provided by Bayesian Convolutional Neural Networks (B-CNNs), the proposed paradigm is able to either reduce, or correct at a later stage, wrong decisions of the gate. The goodness of our approach is shown by experimental comparisons with state-of-the-art incremental learning methods.
Assessment of Citrus Susceptibility towards Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus-Terengganu Isolate Based on Vector and Graft Transmission Tests

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Five citrus species namely Citrus reticulata, C. aurantium, C. grandis, C. madurensis and Murraya paniculata were assessed for tolerance by grafting and vector transmission tests toward Ca. L. asiaticus-Terengganu isolate. This study was conducted in an insect-proof glasshouse for a period of six months. Results of this study showed that seedlings of M. paniculata, and C. grandis showed no HLB symptoms six months after inoculation period. They were also showed negative results by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and recorded the lowest percentage of reduction rate of plant height and plant biomass. Based on our findings, proved that these two citrus species were resistance to huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening infection. However, C. aurantium was showed high tolerance to HLB infection with the trees exhibited mild leaf mottling and green vein and the infected seedlings recovered after 3-4 months after treated with fertilizer. However the pathogen was detected by PCR test in the recovered seedlings. C. reticulata and C. madurensis were very susceptible to HLB infection. Inoculated seedlings showed severe HLB symptoms such as leaf mottling and yellowing, leaf green vein, leaf defoliation, twigs dieback within six months after inoculation. The inoculated seedlings started showing the first symptoms within three months after inoculation. Infected seedlings were also showed positive results with PCR test and recorded the highest percentage of reduction rate of plant height and plant biomass. Hence, this data provide a basis for developing citrus germplasm program for tolerance to HLB disease in Malaysia.
Bayesian Linear Regression and Natural Logarithmic Correction for Digital Image-Based Extraction of Linear and Tridimensional Zoometrics in Dromedary Camels

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study evaluates a method to accurately, repeatably, and reliably extract camel zoo-metric data (linear and tridimensional) from 2D digital images. Thirty zoometric measures, including linear and tridimensional (perimeters and girths) variables, were collected on-field with a non-elastic measuring tape. A scaled reference was used to extract measurement from images. For girths and perimeters, semimajor and semiminor axes were mathematically estimated with the function of the perimeter of an ellipse. On-field measurements’ direct translation was determined when Cronbach’s alpha (Cα) > 0.600 was met (first round). If not, Bayesian regression corrections were applied using live body weight and the particular digital zoometric measurement as regressors (except for foot perimeter) (second round). Last, if a certain zoometric trait still did not meet such a criterion, its natural logarithm was added (third round). Acceptable method translation consistency was reached for all the measurements after three correction rounds (Cα = 0.654 to 0.997, p < 0.0001). Afterwards, Bayesian regression corrected equations were issued. This research helps to evaluate individual conformation in a reliable contactless manner through the extraction of linear and tridimensional measures from images in dromedary camels. This is the first study to develop and correct the routinely ignored evaluation of tridimensional zoometrics from digital images in animals.
Multiple Interchange Trisomic In Pearl Millet

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A trisomic Pennisetum typhoides plant (2n = 15) with multiple interchanges between the chromosomes was obtained in the F1 of a cross between the two interchange heterozygotes RT9 and RT14, each of which had an association of four chromosomes. In 25.2% of the PMCs from this trisomic four bivalents and a chain of seven chromosomes were observed, 38.6% of PMCs had one hexavalent, four bivalents and one univalent, and 21% of PMCs had a pentavalent. A ring type hexavalent was the most frequent type, being observed in 35.3% of PMCs with a hexavalent. Because of the high frequency of ring hexavalents, it is suggested that the extra chromosome is a normal one. The multiple interchange trisomic had a shorter stature, thinner stem and narrower leaves than normal diploid plants, similar characters to those of a normal trisomic.
The Teacher-Scholar Project: how to help faculty groups develop scholarly skills.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Nursing education's challenge in the new millennium is to prepare all nurses as scholars. With many nurse educators feeling like impostors when it comes to scholarship, this is no small task. Turning the millenial challenge into an opportunity, this article describes how a collaborative faculty development initiative is turning a National League for Nursing Center of Excellence school's "scholar-impostors" into teacher-scholars. This Teacher-Scholar Project will interest those in teaching intensive schools of nursing or in teaching tracks in research-intensive institutions.
Using AI for Risk Management and Improved Business Resilience

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research paper examines the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in risk management and business resilience. The study explores the current state of AI in risk management and its potential to enhance risk identification, assessment, and mitigation, thereby improving business resilience. The research adopts a qualitative approach by conducting a literature review of existing studies on AI in risk management and business resilience. The review reveals that AI has the potential to improve decision-making, increase efficiency, and enhance the accuracy of risk assessments. The paper also highlights the challenges associated with the integration of AI in risk management and provides recommendations for organizations to overcome these challenges. The results show that AI can play a crucial role in improving business resilience by providing real-time information and insights, enabling organizations to identify and mitigate risks effectively. The study concludes that AI can provide organizations with the ability to identify and address risks in a timely manner, thereby improving overall business resilience.
The Prevalence and Pattern of Superficial Fungal Infections among Patients Visiting Dermatology OPD of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Warangal

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Fungal infections or mycoses are classified as Superficial, Subcutaneous, and Systemic depending on the degree of invasion of the host. Superficial fungal infections are most common in tropical and subtropical countries. Superficial fungal infections of the skin are one of the most common dermatological conditions seen in clinical practice. It affects 20-25% of the population. In this study, 1473 Suspected superficial fungal infection cases were identified among approximately 3500 patients screened during August 2017 to August 2019. The collected samples (skin, nail, and hair) were subjected to direct microscopy with 10% potassium hydroxide and cultured on plain Sabourauds dextrose agar, Sabourauds dextrose agar with actidione and Sabourauds dextrose agar with chloramphenicol. After the fungal culture growth Lacto Phenol Cotton Blue mount was done to identify the fungal species. The prevalence of superficial fungal infection was 26.2% (386/1473), dermatophytosis was 63.7% (246/386), and non-dermatophytosis was 36.3% (140/386). Among the isolated dermatophytes, Trichophyton rubrum was the commonest species (68%). and Candida (70%) the commonest non-dermatophytes species. Tinea corporis wasthe commonest (58%) clinical presentation. Culture examination highlighted dermatophytes 68%Trichophyton rubrum, 19% Trichophytonmentagrophyte, 6% Trichophyton tonsurans, 2% Trichophyton violaceum, 2% Microsporum gypseum,, 1.5% Microsporum canis, 0.9% Trichophyton verrucosum 0.5% Epidermophyton floccosumand non-dermatophytes 38% Candida albicans, 32% Candida non albicans 10% Aspergillus niger, 7% Aspergillus flavus, 4% Aspergillus fumigatus, 1% Aspergillus ptereus, 3.5% Malassezia furfur, 2% Alternaria, 2% Curvularia and 0.5% Cladosporium werneckii. The current study illustrates that a notable number of patients had prevalence of superficial fungal infections, hence a prompt recognition of skin lesion and identification of these superficial fungal infections alarms us to undertake early diagnosis and treatment to improve the quality of life.
Robert Mannyng and the imagined reading communities for Handlyng Synne

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The essay explores the way in which the author, Robert Mannyng, imagines his text's audience and reception contexts within the pages of his work _Handlyng Synne_. The actual limited material survival of the work is described and compared to the ways in which the author situated his work, imagining aural reception contexts among audiences of a mixed-status laity who would be read to by a clerical lector.
Corporate Taxes and Capital Structure: A Long-Term Historical Perspective

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We study the relation between leverage and corporate tax rates using an extensive data set constructed from all corporate income tax returns filed with the IRS from 1926 to 2009.This data set includes financial statement data from millions of private and public corporations of all sizes.We show that corporate leverage has increased significantly over the past century.We find strong evidence that changes in corporate leverage are directly related to changes in corporate tax rates for all but the smallest firms.These results are robust to the inclusion of control variables for the costs of financial distress, corporate liquidity, and capital market and macroeconomic conditions.The adjustment of leverage to changes in corporate tax rates is slower for smaller firms facing financial constraints.We find that the capital structures of the smallest firms are driven much more by external shocks than is the case for larger firms.
Second international workshop on from SofTware requirements to architectures (STRAW'03)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Second International Workshop on From SofTware Requirements to Architectures (STRAW'03) was held in Portland, Oregon, USA on 9 May 2003 just after the Twenty-Fifth International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE'03). This brief paper outlines the motivation, goals, and organization of the workshop.
A Cytological Difference between the Eupanicoideae and the Chloridoideae (Gramineae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Examination of chloroplast distribution in the parenchyma sheath cells of 59 species of panicoid grasses has revealed that the Euphanicoideae and the Chloridoideae differ for this character. In all 28 species of the Eupanicoideae the chloroplasts, when devoid of starch, are grouped in the outer (centrifugal) region of the parenchyma sheath cells. Among the Chloridoideae, except the tribe Sporoboleae, the chloroplasts are grouped in the inner (centripetal) region of the cells. Both conditions in about equal numbers of species were found in the Sporoboleae. The distribution of chlroplasts is probably associated with the different physiological activities of chloroplasts in these two subgroups of the Panicoideae. Among the various major subgroups of the grass family there are many differences of anatomy, physiology, cytology, ecology, histology, and embryology (Stebbins, 1956; Brown, 1958). Recently Stebbins (1959) has compiled a list of 36 characters that can be used to separate grass tribes and recognize affinities among genera. The two major subgroups of the subfamily Panicoideae, the Eupanicoideae and Choridoideae, differ with respect to leaf histology (Prat, 1936); presence or absence of the epiblast (Reeder, 1957); and in leaf anatomy (Brown, 1958). Recently a new diffierence was detected between these two groups. While examining microscope slides used in the preparation of a paper to be presented before the 9th International Botanical Congress (Brown, 1959) and which had served as the basis for a previous paper (Brown, 1958) it was noticed that in the parenchyma sheath cells of the Panicoideae the chloroplasts, when not full of starch grains, occupied positions either close to the inner (centripetal) wall or near the outer (centrifugal) wall. It seemed that the outer position occurred in eupanicoid species whereas the inner position was characteristic of the Chloridoideae (fig. 1 and 2). All available slides of leaf cross sections of species in these groups were examined and information on chloroplast location recorded (table 1). Data were collected from 59 species, of 44 genera, of 8 tribes. In all 28 species of Eupanicoideae the chloroplasts were grouped in the outer region of the parenchyma sheath cells. Among the Chlori-
Bone in the Renal Capsule

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 May 1967Bone in the Renal Capsule Meryl H. Haber and Donald J. Logan Meryl H. HaberMeryl H. Haber Present address: St. Francis Hospital, 2260 Liliha Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817. More articles by this author and Donald J. LoganDonald J. Logan Present address: 3707 Gaston Avenue, 816 Doctors Building, Dallas, Texas 75246. More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)63124-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1967 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited by Silverman J, Nathan G, Olson P, Prichard J and Cohen J (2000) Fine-needle aspiration cytology of low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma of the renal capsule (capsuloma)Diagnostic Cytopathology, 10.1002/1097-0339(200010)23:4<279::AID-DC13>3.0.CO;2-3, VOL. 23, NO. 4, (279-283), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2000. Samuels L and Smith J (2018) Nephrocalcinosis in Children: Diagnostic Visualization by Strontium-87M ScintiscansJournal of Urology, VOL. 108, NO. 5, (788-791), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1972. Nelson J, Clark R and Palubinskas A (1971) Osteogenic sarcoma with calcified renal metastasisThe British Journal of Radiology, 10.1259/0007-1285-44-526-802, VOL. 44, NO. 526, (802-804), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1971. Volume 97 Issue 5 May 1967 Page: 818-822 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1967 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Metrics Author Information Meryl H. Haber Present address: St. Francis Hospital, 2260 Liliha Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817. More articles by this author Donald J. Logan Present address: 3707 Gaston Avenue, 816 Doctors Building, Dallas, Texas 75246. More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Metamorphoses : in Rodin's studio

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A fresh look at Rodin, one of the greatest sculptors of all time, not only thanks to his ability to capture the emotional and psychological complexity of human beings, but also his having profoundly renewed the very language of sculpture, in particular demonstrating a passion for the act of creating rather than completing a work of art. August Rodin profoundly revitalized the very language of sculpture with his passion for the creative act. The ongoing interplay of accidents and chance in his work, his figures fragmented only to be reconstituted through this ingenious cobbling together, enabled him to interpolate his work in an endless flow of creation. The topic of metamorphosis is directly related to his work, without model or witness, in the privacy of his studio. Fragile plasters as well as bronzes, marble figures, drawings, watercolours, and photographs all attest to this creative ferment. But studio must also be understood as the small art community that worked for and around the Master.It consisted of practitioners of specific trades to whom we owe the transformation of one material to another, one dimension to another, under his attentive guidance This catalogue sheds light on the various processes of reprise and transformation and takes stock of the sculptor's prodigious creativity. It also features masterpieces like the 200 or so figures fleeing The Gates of Hell, a work Rodin was to draw from for the rest of his career, and The Walking Man.
New Solutions to Old Problems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract High power laser systems are making their way into more and more industrial applications. From cutting steel, to drilling via holes in silicon, to marking plastic, a whole range of processes now make use of the laser to produce results not previously practical. Advances in fiber lasers in particular, with their scalability, beam quality and wall‐plug efficiency, have made laser beams with powers of many tens of kilowatts a common tool available to commercial users. Even processes requiring more modest power levels often use a high‐power laser system and distribute the beam to multiple lower‐power workstations, to benefit from the resulting process uniformity across a production line.
Nature of Macrophages in Rat Brain

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The nature of phagocytes appearing in lesions of the central nervous system is strongly debated with a tendency to assess an exclusively hematogenous origin. We studied the origin of phagocytes appearing in a stab wound in the rat brain. Histochemical stains for acid phosphatase and peroxidase, and silver impregnation techniques were used for our study. The results obtained showed the existence of two macrophage types: endogenous microghocytes and exogenous monocytes.
The Non-Targeted Lipidomic-Based Classifier Reveals Two Candidate Biomarkers for Ischemic Stroke in Hypertensive Individuals

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Wenbin Wang,1 Lin Liu,2 Weida Qiu,1 Chaolei Chen,1 Yuqing Huang,1 Anping Cai,1 Zhiqiang Nie,1 Yanqiu Ou,1 Yicheng Zhu,1 Yingqing Feng1 1Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Peopleâs Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaCorrespondence: Yingqing Feng; Yicheng Zhu, Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Peopleâs Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, No. 106, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Peopleâs Republic of China, Email fengyingqing@gdph.org.cn; zhuyicheng@gdph.org.cnIntroduction: Traditional clinical risk factors are insufficient to estimate the residual risk of large-vessel ischemic stroke. Non-targeted lipidomic techniques provide an opportunity to evaluate these risks.Methods: Plasma samples were collected from 113 hypertensive individuals, including 55 individuals at high risk of ischemic stroke and 58 matched individuals, in a prospective nested case-control cohort. To identify dysregulated lipid metabolites, we conducted multivariate and univariate analyses. A classifier based on a cross-validated procedure was employed to select the optimal combination of lipid species and their ratios.Results: We identified 23 dysregulated lipid species in patients with and without ischemic stroke, including 16 (69.6%) up-regulated and 7 (30.4%) down-regulated lipid species. Through internal cross-validation, the optimal combination of two lipid features (phosphatidylcholine 34:2 and triglyceride 18:1/18:1/22:1 / phosphatidylcholine 34:2, referred to as ischemic stroke-related 2 lipid features - IS2LP) was selected, leading to a more precise prediction probability for ischemic stroke within 3.9 years. In the comparison of different risk factors, the traditional risk score, the IS2LP risk score, and the combination of the traditional risk score with IS2LP yield AUC values of 0.613(95% CI:0.509â 0.717), 0.833(95% CI:0.755â 0.911), and 0.843(95% CI:0.777â 0.916), respectively. The combination of the traditional risk score and IS2LP exhibited significantly improved discriminative performance, with an integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) of 0.31 (p&lt; 0.001) and a continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI) of 1.06 (p &lt; 0.001) compared to the traditional risk score.Conclusion: We identified new lipidomic biomarkers associated with the futural event of large-vessel ischemic stroke. These lipid species could serve as potential blood biomarkers for assessing the residual risk of ischemic stroke in hypertensive individuals.Keywords: hypertension, lipidomics, ischemic stroke, risk factors