jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Changes in Hsp60 Level of the Failing Heart Following Acute Myocardial Infarction and the Effect of Long-Term Treatment with Trandolapril

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Changes in heat shock protein (Hsp) 60 of the viable left ventricular muscle (viable LV) after myocardial infarction in rats and the effect of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) trandolapril were examined. Myocardial infarction was induced in rats by ligation of the left coronary artery. The coronary artery-ligated (CAL) and sham-operated (Sham) rats were orally treated with 3 mg/kg/d trandolapril from the 2nd to 8th week after surgery. Hemodynamic parameters and tissue weights of the left and right ventricles of the animals at the 8th week after CAL (8w-CAL rats) showed signs indicating chronic heart failure. An increase in Hsp60 content, a decrease in mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and an increase in the mitochondrial thiobarbiturate-reacting substance (TRS) of the viable LV were detected. Eight weeks after CAL. Long-term treatment of the CAL rats with trandolapril improved the hemodynamic parameters, attenuated the CAL-induced increase in Hsp60 content, the decrease in mitochondrial OCR, and the increase in the mitochondrial TRS content of the viable LV at the 8th week after myocardial infarction. The increase in Hsp60 content was closely related to the decrease in the mitochondrial OCR and to a rise in the LVEDP of the CAL animal at the 8th week after myocardial infarction. These results suggest that a series of pathophysiological alterations, including a reduction in mitochondrial function, appearance of reactive oxygen stress, and production of Hsp60 is involved in the development of cardiac failure and that trandolapril is beneficial for preventing these alterations.
Length Of Stay Reduction in the Emergency Department and its quantification Using Complex Network Theory

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Overcrowding in emergency department (ED) has become an increasingly significant problem worldwide. Different crowding measures have been proposed in the literature and, between them, the length of stay (LOS) is one of the most recognised. In this paper the LOS in the ED of a hospital located in the southern central region of Italy is calculated; than the ED process is represented as a network and, due to the identification of the bottleneck node, possibilities to reduce the LOS through changes to the actual process can be identified. The present work demonstrates that the LOS reductions obtained by process changes and measured by the analytical LOS calculations can be assessed also through the changes in the topological properties of the activities network, that are measured using complex network measures.
A system for continuous sampling of bioaerosols generated by a postal sorting machine

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, a system for the collection of bioaerosols emitted from the mail sorting process was designed and characterized. Two different wetted-wall cyclones, the JBPDS cyclone and the glass cyclone sampler (GCS), were evaluated as system collection devices. These devices operate at 780 L/min and have a D50 of ~ 1 μm. A trimming impactor with a D50 of 10 μm was used upstream of the collection devices. Using two reference probes, the cyclone liquid outputs were compared with aerosol collected on filters and the output of an Aerosol-to-Hydrosol Transfer Stage (AHTS). \nThe mass emission rate of the postal sorting machine was 3.15 mg/min and found not to vary significantly with flow rates above 700 L/min. On average, greater than 66% of the mass collected had a Da < 10 μm. Using a Coulter Counter, the volume median diameter (volume equivalent) for both device hydrosol outputs was 4.18 μm. For the effluent aerosol, the volume median diameter was 12.5 μm. \nFor a bioaerosol release, this study found that greater than 65% (by volume) of the material released had a Da greater than 7.2 μm. Using filters, it was found that on average, 95% of the bioaerosol particles emitted had a Da less than 10 μm. According to the reference data, the expected number of bioaerosol particles in 1.5 \ntimes that collected by the GCS and 5.5 times that collected by the JBPDS cyclone for a one milligram release. The time constant for the system in response to a letter release was found to be 1.3 minutes for the GCS and 1.75 minutes for the JBPDS cyclone. \nA final note to this study states that the probe dimensions were incorrectly developed, therefore affecting the aspiration efficiency of the probes. In turn, this may have affected the outcome of some of the results. A plot is given at the end of the paper showing to what extent the results may have been affected. It is recommended that further experimental studies be performed to verify the results in this study.
Occupational Exposure due to RF leakages within GSM Base Station Cabins\nin Eastern Nigeria

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The occupational exposure due to RF radiation leaks inside the base\nstation cabin, when working on the Base station Transceiver (BTS)\nRadios and TX cables and during active radio communication was\nmeasured. A total of number 30 base stations Cabins were studied in the\neastern part of Nigeria, using a Broad band TES-90 Electrosmog meter.\nThe maximum instantaneous electric field strength obtained from GSM\n1800 radio was 3.72 V/m, 16.56 V/m for GSM 900 radio and 11.29 V/m for\nthe Tx cables. The maximum instantaneous indoor and out power density\nwere 35.47 mW/m2 and 6.64 mW/m2 respectively. Also, the average values\nof the obtained electric field strength from all the cabins are 1.18\n± 1.07 V/m from GSM 1800 radio, 2.33 ± 3.82 V/m from GSM 900\nradio and 1.77 ± 2.20 V/m from the Tx cables. The result of this\nstudy shows that the values were less than ICNIRP limits for\noccupational exposure.
ViSEAGO: a bioconductor package for clustering biological functions using gene ontology and semantic similarity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The main objective of ViSEAGO package is to carry out a data mining of biological functions and establish links between genes involved in the study. We developed ViSEAGO in R to facilitate functional Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of complex experimental design with multiple comparisons of interest. It allows to study large-scale datasets together and visualize GO profiles to capture biological knowledge. The acronym stands for three major concepts of the analysis: Visualization, Semantic similarity and Enrichment Analysis of Gene Ontology. It provides access to the last current GO annotations, which are retrieved from one of NCBI EntrezGene, Ensembl or Uniprot databases for several species. Using available R packages and novel developments, ViSEAGO extends classical functional GO analysis to focus on functional coherence by aggregating closely related biological themes while studying multiple datasets at once. It provides both a synthetic and detailed view using interactive functionalities respecting the GO graph structure and ensuring functional coherence supplied by semantic similarity. ViSEAGO has been successfully applied on several datasets from different species with a variety of biological questions. Results can be easily shared between bioinformaticians and biologists, enhancing reporting capabilities while maintaining reproducibility. ViSEAGO is publicly available on .
[High Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy for Autoimmune Diseases of the Central Nervous System].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy has pharmacological suppressive actions against phagocytosis, complement system, pathogenic autoantibodies, and inflammatory cytokines, making it an effective treatment for autoimmune diseases. Unfortunately, there is no established evidence of the efficacy of IVIg therapy for autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system. Patients who are resistant to steroids and other immunosuppressive therapies or have complications that preclude the use of strong immunosuppressive therapies are considered eligible for IVIg therapy. The advantages of IVIg therapy include safety and ease of use. However, further evidence of the efficacy of IVIg treatment for autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system is warranted.
D4.5: Policy recommendations for strengthening the Common Agricultural Policy’s resilience impacts

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In its Communication on the future of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) after 2020, the European Commission (2017) declared their ambition to foster a ‘resilient agricultural sector’. Work package 4 of the SURE-Farm project has the double aim of assessing how the current CAP and adjacent policies perform in enabling European farming systems’ resilience – distinguishing between the resilience capacities of robustness, adaptability and transformability (Meuwissen et al., 2019) – and of formulating recommendations for improved policy outcomes. Previous tasks in this work package involved an expert assessment of the CAP’s enabling and constraining effects (Feindt et al., 2019), as well as a bottom-up analysis of how farming system actors experience the influence of multilevel policy configurations on their resilience. The study presented in this report builds on these previous analyses by identifying various promising options for the CAP, including national implementations, to maximise its contribution to greater resilience of EU farming systems. These options serve as input for ongoing political debates on the reform of the CAP post-2020, the development of the proposed National Strategic Plans that spell out national priorities and implementation choices, as well as the European Commission’s “From Farm to Fork Strategy”, which aims to foster a circular food system, as part of the European Green Deal. For the UK case study (see below), we reflect on promising courses of action for post-Brexit agricultural policy.In order to develop viable policy pathways, the study draws on various co-creation methods, through which SURE-Farm researchers engaged with a broad range of stakeholders. The core of the research consists of six national stakeholder workshops – in the Netherlands, Belgium, the UK, Spain, Poland, and Italy – as well as a final workshop with EU stakeholders in Brussels. Theseworkshops were complemented by an online deliberation exercise conducted on SURE-Farm’s cocreation platforms and a concise review of promising resilience-enabling policies in the six countries. The report proceeds as follows: after a more detailed discussion of the methods used in this study, section 3 presents the main findings of the four research activities. The report ends by recommending various policy directions that emerged from the analysis as offering the most potential for improving the CAP’s impact on the robustness, adaptability, and/or transformability of Europe’s farming systems.
Metabolomic analysis of Streptococcus thermophilus S10-fermented milk

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This study aimed to decipher the biochemical changes of milk fermented by the culture starter, Streptococcus thermophilus. Streptococcus thermophilus S10 possesses good fermentation properties; thus, it was the chosen strain used here. The metabolomic profiles were generated by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF MS), and data were analyzed by multivariate analyses methods like principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). A total of 39 significant differential metabolites were identified between milk and fermented milk samples, including peptides, amino acids, fatty acids and related metabolites, vitamins. Thus, it is likely that some of the currently identified differentially abundant metabolites also contribute to the unique flavor, taste, and aroma of fermented milk. The bitterness of fermented milk are likely to be due to some of these amino acids, whereas the formation of S-methyl thioesters from short chain fatty acids, providing a unique flavor to fermented milk. What's more, small peptides detected in fermented milk maybe have bioactivities and beneficial functions. Some of these changes might contribute to the unique sensory and nutritional qualities of fermented milk. Our data based on LC-MS metabolomics are valuable references for future development and improvement of fermented dairy products.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Keanekaragaman Hayati Berbasis Web Di SMAN 6 Makassar dan SMAN 2 Maros

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract. Development of Web-Based Biodiversity Learning Tool Class of SMA X. This research is a type of research using research and development (R & D) research using ADDIE model consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The subjects of the study were validator, students of SMAN 6 Makassar and SMAN 2 Maros each - 2 classes namely Class X MIA 1 and Class X IPS 2 with teacher Biology in SMA each data analysis technique that is statistical analysis. The developed product is motivated by curriculum and development of information and communication technology (ICT). This product will further emphasize the students to be independent in learning because of the activities and learning provided. This development aims to produce learning tools, training activities, create tasks, create materials, Web media e-learning using a Moodle system (classbiology.com) that is valid and practical. learning tools that generate high validation of the field with the validity of the validity of the value of syllabus 4.18, Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) obtained validity value 4.37, Worksheet (LKPD) obtained validity value 4.1, materials or teaching materials obtained the value of validity 4,01 and web-based Moodle obtained validity value 4.23. Keywords: web, learning device, Moodle, ADDIE
Community-centric importance and performance evaluation of Human-Orangutan Conflict management in Aceh, Indonesia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This study presents an Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) to evaluate the management strategies for Human-Orangutan Conflict (HOC) in Aceh, Indonesia. Utilizing an IPA Grid, the research categorizes various management strategies into four quadrants, each reflecting different levels of community-perceived importance and performance. Strategies like “Orangutan-Safe Fences” and “Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) for Orangutans” in Quadrant A are both important and performing well, underscoring the effectiveness of current efforts in these areas. Significantly, “Traditional Measures for Orangutan Deterrence,” which include non-harmful, traditional methods such as the use of specific noise deterrents, physical barriers, and community-led patrols to discourage orangutans from entering human areas, alongside “Quick Response Program for Orangutan Incidents,” are placed in Quadrant B. In Quadrant C, “Strengthen Law Enforcement and Conservation Policies” are deemed less crucial and underperforming, suggesting a lower priority for immediate resource allocation. Lastly, Quadrant D includes well-performing but less critical strategies like “Early Warning Systems for Orangutan Presence” and “Raise Local Awareness About Orangutans,” pointing to potential over-investment. The study's findings advocate for a strategic reallocation of resources and highlight the importance of aligning conservation efforts with community priorities for effective and sustainable HOC management.
Epidemiology of Injury Among School-Going Adolescents in Ghana: Evidence From the Global School-Based Students Health Survey

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Unintentional injuries are a serious global public health problem and the second leading cause of death among adolescents age between 10-19 years. It is also the least researched in most low-income countries and Ghana in particular. This study aims to provide estimates of the prevalence, causes, and associated risk factors of unintentional injuries among school-going adolescents in Ghana. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using data from the Ghana Global School-based Student Health Survey conducted in 2012 (N=3632). A two-stage cluster probability sampling technique was employed to select a representative sample of Junior and Senior High School students in ten administrative regions of the country. Cross tabulations and chi-square tests were used to provide estimates of prevalence, frequency, and causes of injuries. In the multivariable stage, a multiple logistic regression based on SAS 9.4 survey logistic modeling procedure was conducted to examine the association between unintentional injuries with explanatory variables. The final adjusted model was assessed using a significant level of (p<0.05). Results: In this study, 40.96% (1488) of school-aged adolescents reported having experienced an unintentional injury. Of these injuries, 64.5% occurred at home, while the least occurred via traffic (15.0%). The frequency of injury did not differ between boys and girls (P=0.368), but significantly higher in adolescents aged ≤17 than in those ≥ 18 years (P<0.001). Also, injuries were significantly higher in junior high school than in senior high school adolescents. Age, physical activity, sleeping problems, and loneliness were found to be the significant risk factors associated with unintentional injury among adolescents. Conclusion : Prevalence of unintentional injuries were widespread among adolescents in Ghana. Prompt prevention of these injuries among adolescents should be a public health priority. Preventive strategies in schools and homes should be enhanced. Injury preventive measures should emphasize on adolescents. Treatment options should be made available to adolescents struggling with a sleeping problem, loneliness, and those with accidents in physical activity.
A drift diffusion model of biological source seeking for mobile robots

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Braitenberg vehicles have been used in multiple real world robotic implementations of bio-inspired local navigation. While sensor based control strategies – including existing models of Braitenberg vehicles – typically neglect sensor noise, real robot implementations suffer from different levels of noise, especially in the case of low cost robots and highly stochastic environments. This paper presents a novel drift-diffusion model of Braitenberg vehicle 3a – a bio-inspired source seeking controller for non-holonomic robots – accounting for the sensor noise. The stochastic differential equations obtained provide means to accurately simulate the behaviour of this bio-inspired control mechanism. Although these equations do not have analytic solutions in general, under some simplifying assumptions, we obtain the deterministic equations for the average and dispersion of the vehicles while performing source seeking. Moreover, we found an analytic bound for the distribution of the heading direction of the robots. Simulations illustrate and confirm the theoretical results presented.
The Interaction of Diphenamid and Two Soil Fungi on the Growth of Tomato

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The growth of tomato ( Lycopersicoti esculentum Mill., var. Heinz 1350) plants was enhanced by low concentrations of both N,N -dimethyl-2,2-diphenylacetamide (diphenamid) and the filtrate from two fungal species Trichoderma viride (Tode) Harz and Aspergillus candidus Link. High concentrations of the filtrate from these fungi inhibited the growth of tomatoes, but this was overcome by the addition of diphenamid. Diphenamid also increased the growth of these two fungi.
The significance of carbohydrates on G-CSF: differential sensitivity of G-CSFs to human neutrophil elastase degradation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract It has been reported recently that granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is degraded upon exposure to human neutrophil elastase (HNE), and this has a negative effect on the ability of the cytokine to promote the in vitro proliferation and maturation of CD34+ cells. This has important implications on the possible in vivo role of elastase in providing negative feedback to granulopoiesis by the direct antagonism of G-CSF. The cytokine used in that study was expressed in Escherichia coli [and was nonglycosylated (NG)], unlike the naturally occurring cytokine, which is an O-linked glycoprotein. As a Chinese hamster ovary-derived (glycosylated) cytokine is available, we compared the susceptibility of NG and glycosylated G-CSF to elastase degradation by incubating the cytokines with HNE and assessing its impact by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis and bioassay. We confirmed the ability of elastase to degrade NG G-CSF in a time- and concentration-dependent manner and found this was associated with a reduction in biological activity of the cytokine. Glycosylated G-CSF, however, was more resistant to elastase degradation, although prolonged exposure did lead to degradation and decreased biological activity. The significance of sugar residues on glycosylated G-CSF in providing protection against the effects of elastase was investigated using enzymatically deglycosylated G-CSF and a mutated form of the G-CSF molecule that was expressed in yeast but was NG. The possible role of HNE in serum-induced inactivation of NG G-CSF was also considered.
Effect of Smoking Behavior and Teen Pregnancy on Preterm Birth Risk [276]

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: Maternal smoking is associated with a variety of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth. Teens have a higher baseline risk of preterm birth than adult mothers. Our aim was to measure the effect of smoking cessation on preterm birth risk in teens. METHODS: Population-based retrospective cohort of all Ohio birth nonanomalous singleton live records, 2006–2012. Preterm birth rates in teenage pregnancies were compared among teens who quit smoking in the first trimester, those who quit at any point during pregnancy, and nonquitters. Multivariate logistic regression analyses estimated the association between smoking cessation and preterm birth risk in teens with adjustment for race, Medicaid, and marital status. Anomalies and multiple gestations were excluded. RESULTS: Of 927,424 births, this analysis was limited to the 10% (n=93,429) born to teens younger than age 20 years. Nearly one third (31%) smoked preconception. Of smokers, 21% quit in the first trimester but more than half (58%) smoked throughout pregnancy. The baseline rate of preterm birth in the study cohort was 11%. Teens who smoked throughout pregnancy had an increased preterm birth rate of nearly 13%. Teens who quit in the first trimester had a larger risk reduction (24%) when compared with quitting at any point in pregnancy (12%) for preterm birth. CONCLUSION: Teens have an increased rate of preterm birth. Teens who smoke should be counseled that quitting at any point in pregnancy results in a reduced risk for preterm birth. Targeted counseling and interventions should focus on early cessation in this group who are at an inherently high risk of preterm birth because it results in the most substantial risk reduction.