jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Basic study on the chemosensitivity test by miniaturized improved nucleic acid precursor incorporation assay (MINI assay)].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

3H-thymidine (3H-TdR) uptake in the positive control was 734.2 cpm +/- 10 cpm. The cut-off level for in vitro sensitivity was defined as more than 80% inhibition of 3H-TdR uptake in the drug treated cells compared to the positive controls. A 549 cells were sensitive to MMC (81.6%), CDDP (78.6%), but not to BLM (-57%). HeLa cells were sensitive to MMC (91%), CDDP (79.4%), but not to BLM (43%). MINI assay could be done with fewer cells than other methods and the results were obtained within 5 days. This method was considered to be useful for the chemosensitivity test with human tumors.
Combined Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy for the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Studies comparing the efficacy of combined psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy to single treatment (i.e., either psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy alone) for major depression have not found consistent differences in outcome, resulting in a range of conclusions regarding the efficacy of combined treatment. In order to clarify the efficacy of combined treatment for depression, the authors conducted both a meta-analytic and qualitative review. Our findings suggest that combined treatment is associated with a small improvement in efficacy, and that this finding appears consistent across studies. Trends in the literature suggest that adding psychotherapy to antidepressant medication may be particularly efficacious among chronic or severely depressed patients. Further, adding cognitive-behavioral therapy to medication may be particularly efficacious in preventing relapse, particularly among individuals discontinuing medication use. The authors propose an illness-cognition model for better understanding outcomes in combined treatment.
Constitutional Protection of Individual Rights Under Terrorism Laws

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Terrorism is a one of the major challenges facing countries all over the world; However many states in their response to terrorism have overreacted the threat of terrorism and have adopted counterterrorism legislations that forfeited fundamental rights and freedoms in the name of protecting national security. Egypt, under President Mubarak’s Regime, has been one of those states that have exceedingly abused its counter-terrorism powers to vanquish many of the Egyptians’ constitutional rights and freedoms. This dissertation explores and analyzes the scope of fundamental rights and freedoms under Egypt’s counter-terrorism legal framework. It further undertakes a comparative study of the American and international anti-terrorism legal frameworks to examine how they have dealt with these issues and inquires into whether these legal systems have adequately reconciled national security with human rights. This work is intended to help enhance the rule of law and to ensure that human rights are respected in post-Mubarak Egypt by underscoring the limits with regard to human rights that the new counter-terrorism legal framework must respect.
A CASE OF PERIARTERITIS NODOSA WITH DECEREBRATE RIGIDITY AND EXTENSIVE ENCEPHALOMALACIA IN A FIVE YEAR OLD CHILD

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article A Case of Periarteritis Nodosa with Decerebrate Rigidity and Extensive Encephalomalacia in a Five Year Old Child Get access N. Malamud, M.D. N. Malamud, M.D. Ann Arbor, Michigan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, Volume 4, Issue 1, January 1945, Pages 88–92, https://doi.org/10.1097/00005072-194501000-00008 Published: 01 January 1945
<b>IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF S-100 PROTEIN IN THE ENDOTHELIAL CELLS OF BLOOD VESSELS IN THE PIG AND </b><b>CATTLE </b>

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The present study deals with immunohistochemical localization of S-100 protein in the blood vessels of the pig and cattle. Immunoreactivity for S-100 protein was selectively seen in the endothelial cells of arteries, but not in those of veins. The immunoreactivity was also found in the endothelial cells of blood capillaries; the endothelial cells of continuous (non-fenestrated) type showed a moderate to intense immunoreactivity, while those of fenestrated type were immunonegative. Immunostaining using antisera specific to α- or β-subunit of S-100 protein revealed that the endothelial immunoreactivity was due to the β-subunit. The present study suggests that S-100 protein in the endothelial cells may be involved in the mechanism of transcytosis like in fat cells which also contains S-100 protein.
Some Observations on Early Nervous and Mental Cases, with Suggestions as to Possible Improvement in our Methods of dealing with them

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It is quite likely with regard to the title of this paper that critics may say— “Why cannot the writer say clearly what she is going to talk about? The words ‘early nervous and mental,’ cover so enormous an area,” or again “Why in any case should we of the Medico-Psychological Association be troubled with the word ‘nervous’ ; surely that pertains exclusively to the Neurological Society? Why should nerves—inferior spinal things—be mentioned in the august presence of those con cerned with the brain?” and yet there is no nerve of interest in the healthy human being which is not interdependent upon, or in close association with a brain. It is inconceivable that any nerve should suffer and leave the brain unaffected, if not from impressions sent up and down, then from absence of impres sions, and it is upon this vital essential oneness of the whole nervous system that I wish to lay stress to-day.
The extended/generalized finite element method: An overview of the method and its applications

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract An overview of the extended/generalized finite element method (GEFM/XFEM) with emphasis on methodological issues is presented. This method enables the accurate approximation of solutions that involve jumps, kinks, singularities, and other locally non‐smooth features within elements. This is achieved by enriching the polynomial approximation space of the classical finite element method. The GEFM/XFEM has shown its potential in a variety of applications that involve non‐smooth solutions near interfaces: Among them are the simulation of cracks, shear bands, dislocations, solidification, and multi‐field problems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Response of Weeds and Soybeans to Amiben and Naptalam Individually and in Mixtures with Dinoseb

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

On Tifton loamy sand, N -1-naphthylphthalamic acid (naptalam) controlled weeds much better, and injured soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] much less, when mixed with 2- sec -butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (dinoseb) and applied as a delayed preemergence treatment, than when it was applied alone immediately after planting. Differences attributable to either timing of application or to mixing with dinoseb were not as marked for 3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid (amiben) as for naptalam. Neither amiben, naptalam, nor mixtures of these two herbicides with dinoseb adversely affected germination, weight per seed, or total oil and protein content of the harvested soybean seed.
The legacy of large regime shifts in shallow lakes

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Ecological shifts in shallow lakes from clear‐water macrophyte‐dominated to turbid‐water phytoplankton‐dominated are generally thought of as rapid short‐term transitions. Diatom remains in sediment records from shallow lakes in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America provide new evidence that the long‐term ecological stability of these lakes is defined by the legacy of large regime shifts. We examine the modern and historical stability of 11 shallow lakes. Currently, four of the lakes are in a clear‐water state, three are consistently turbid‐water, and four have been observed to change state from year to year (transitional). Lake sediment records spanning the past 150–200 yr suggest that (1) the diatom assemblage is characteristic of either clear or turbid lakes, (2) prior to significant landscape alteration, all of the lakes existed in a regime of a stable clear‐water state, (3) lakes that are currently classified as turbid or transitional have experienced one strong regime shift over the past 150–200 yr and have since remained in a regime where turbid‐water predominates, and (4) top‐down impacts to the lake food‐web from fish introductions appear to be the dominant driver of strong regime shifts and not increased nutrient availability. Based on our findings we demonstrate a method that could be used by lake managers to identify lakes that have an ecological history close to the clear–turbid regime threshold; such lakes might more easily be returned to a clear‐water state through biomanipulation. The unfortunate reality is that many of these lakes are now part of a managed landscape and will likely require continued intervention.
Sintered Titanium-Hydroxyapatite Composites as Artificial Bones

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The design of engineered bone substitutes takes biocompatibility and mechanical compatibility into account as prerequisite requirements. Titanium (Ti) and hydroxyapatite (HA) with chemical formula of Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 , show good biocompatibility and are known as biomaterials. To combine metal powder (Ti) and ceramic powder (HA) as a composite material with mechanical properties comparable to those of natural bones needs strategy. In this work, powder metallurgy process was employed to produce Ti-HA composites, with nominal HA powder contents in the range of 0-100 vol.%. Mixtures of Ti and HA powders were pressed in a rigid die. Sintering was performed in vacuum atmosphere. The as-sintered specimens were tested on biocompatibility in a human-osteoblast cells. It was found that processing and materials parameters, including compaction pressure, control the composite microstructures and mechanical properties. Laboratory bone tissue culturing showed that a bone tissue could grow on the artificial bones (sintered Ti-HA composites).
II Disturbances of Cardiopulmonary Function in Anaesthetised Horses

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Summary A large alveolar‐arterial oxygen tension difference has been demonstrated in horses anaesthetised with halothane/oxygen. Preliminary investigation of the factors responsible for this tension difference suggests that it is due to increased venous admixture, and a decrease in cardiac output with no simultaneous decrease in tissue oxygen consumption. It is possible that pressure gradients across the lung result in air‐trapping due to airway closure during part of the respiratory cycle. The main factors responsible for the oxygen tension difference are probably largely outside the control of the anaesthetist. Résumé On a établi l'existence d'une grande différence de tension entre l'oxygène alvèolaire et l'oxygène artèriel chez les chevaux anesthésiés par un mélange halothane/ oxygène. Il semble, d'après les premières recherches portant sur les causes de ce phénomène, que cette différence de tension soit due à un accroissement de la circulation veineuse, à une réduction du débit cardiaque avec maintien du taux de la cosommation tissulaire d'oxygène. En raison de la fermeture des voies respiratoires supèrieures durant le cycle respiratoire et à cause de l'existense de gradients de pression dans le poumon, il est possible que de l'air reste emprisonné dans les alvéoles. Les principaux facteurs responsables pour les différences de tension de l'oxygène sont probablement très peu controlables par l'anesthésiste. Zusammenfassung Mit Halothan/Sauerstoff narkotisierte Pferde zeigen eine grosse, arterio‐alveoläre Sauerstoffdruckdifferenz. Erste Untersuchungen lassen vermuten, dass für die Sauerstoffdruckdifferenz eine erhöhte venöse Beimischung und ein vermindertes Minutenvolumen ohne gleichzeitig verminderte Sauerstoffversorgung der Gewebe verantwortlich sind. Es ist möglich, dass die Druckgradienten in der Lunge zu Luftretention beim Schliessen der Luftwege während des Atemcyclus führen. Die wichtigsten Faktoren, die für die O 2 ‐Spannungsdifferenz verantwortlich sind, können kaum vom Anaesthesisten beeinflusst werden. Sumario La diferencia de la tensión del oxigeno en la gran arteria alveolar ha sido demostrado en caballos anestesiados con alotane/oxigeno. Investigaciones preeliminares de los factores responsables de la diferencia de esta tensión sugiere que es debido al aumento de la mexcla venosa, y una disminución en la frecuencia cardia ca con la falta simultanea de la baja del consumo de oxigeno del tejido. Es posible que la presión a través del pulmón resulta en el aire atrapado debido al camino del aire encerrado durante las partes de la respiración en ciclo. Los factores más importantes responsables de la diferencia de la tensión del oxigeno estan probablemente muy fuera del control del anestesista.
Seeds of Resistance, Seeds of Hope: Place and Agency in the Conservation of Biodiversity

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Seeds, Science, and Struggle: The Global Politics of Transgenic Crops by Abby Kinchy Seeds, Science, and Struggle: The Global Politics of Transgenic Crops by Abby Kinchy Review by: Stephen Brush The Quarterly Review of Biology, Vol. 89, No. 2 (June 2014), p. 186 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/676087 . Accessed: 26/05/2014 11:46 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. The University of Chicago Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Quarterly Review of Biology. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 128.120.194.194 on Mon, 26 May 2014 11:46:08 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
The distribution pattern of corneal volume in Chinese myopic patients from multiple centers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Corneal volume (CV) is a useful index for detecting forme fruste keratoconus from normal corneas. It can be used to evaluate the whole cornea, since it can measure corneal areas up to 10 mm in diameter. Thus, CV has become the clinicians' interest as a diagnostic tool of corneal ectatic disease and a measure of corneal integrity to determine suitability for refractive surgery. We conducted a cross‐sectional study including 7893 myopic patients from five ophthalmic centers to investigate the distribution pattern of CV. Our study showed that distribution of CV‐3, CV‐5, and CV‐7 mm were slightly positively skewed and the 2.5th to 97.5th percentiles were 3.6–4.4, 10.4–12.8, 22.5–27.5 mm 3 , respectively. Central corneal thickness (CCT) was significantly correlated with CV in all measurement regions. The correlation between CV and CCT showed an inconsistent trend with the increase of age. The correlation coefficient between CV and CCT did not change significantly with the increase of myopia degree in low to moderate myopia, but fluctuated significantly in high myopia (less than −6.0 diopters). According to our results, corneal volume follows a slightly positively skewed distribution pattern in myopic Chinese patients. The information is useful for screening refractive surgery candidates and assessing the risk of corneal refractive surgery.
Postmortem Genetic Testing for Sudden Unexpected Death

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Impaired cerebral vasoreactivity in white coat hypertensive adolescents

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Although its incidence is not high, adolescent hypertension may predict hypertension and increased cardiovascular risk in adulthood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess whether cerebrovascular reactivity is altered in adolescent white coat and sustained hypertensive patients compared to healthy teenagers.Fifty-nine normotensive, 47 white coat hypertensive (WCH), and 73 sustained hypertensive (SH) adolescents were studied. WCH and SH were differentiated by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Cerebrovascular reactivity was assessed by transcranial Doppler breath-holding test and was expressed in percent (%) change to the resting cerebral blood flow velocity value.The percent increase in middle cerebral artery mean blood flow velocity after 30 s of breath holding was lower in both WCH (5.3 ± 3.1%) and SH (9.5 ± 2.6%) groups indicating lower vasodilatory reactivity compared to healthy adolescents (12.1 ± 2.2%). Additionally, serum nitric oxide (NOx) concentrations were lower in both WCH (30.6 ± 11 μM) and SH (30.7 ± 22.4 μM) groups compared to controls (38.8 ± 7.6 μM). Both white coat and sustained hypertension result in decreased vasodilatory reaction to CO(2) in adolescents, suggesting involvement of the cerebral arterioles. The present study underlines the importance of early recognition and proper treatment of adolescent hypertension in order to prevent long-term cardiovascular complications.
The relationship between networking practices and business excellence: a study of small to medium enterprises (SMEs)

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Small to medium enterprises (SMEs) are often perceived as a fertile area for the formation of effective networks. However, research to date has focused primarily on large companies. There seems to be a lack of rigorous research reported in the literature that tests the relationship between networking practices and business excellence. Quantitative data was gathered from a stratified random sample of SME site managers in the Australian manufacturing industry. A total of 550 manufacturing sites were sent the questionnaire from which a response rate of 20 percent was achieved. Networking practices regression (NPR) models were developed in order to test the strength of the relationship between key components of networking practice and several dimensions of business excellence such as success rate of new products, reduction in waste, increased market opportunities, etc. The data was analyzed using techniques available on the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) for Windows software package. The paper concludes that groupings of network practices are required to explain business excellence. This means that a single networking practice is not sufficient to explain business excellence significantly. The most significant networking practices were found to be: searching and incorporating diverse points of view; challenging the status quo; learning from failures; communicating with people outside the company, including experts; allocation of resources to support communication linkages. The main implication of the research results for SME managers is that a typical manufacturing SME is more likely to improve its chances of achieving business excellence with networking practices than without these practices.
Design of Optimized Radial Basis Function Neural Networks Classifier with the Aid of Principal Component Analysis and Linear Discriminant Analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

본 연구에서는 주성분 분석법 및 선형 판별 분석법을 이용한 다항식 방사형 기저 함수 신경회로망 분류기의 설계 방법론을 소개한다. 주성분 분석법과 선형판별 분석법을 사용하여 주어진 데이터의 정보 손실을 최소화한 특징데이터를 생성하고 이를 다항식 방사형 기저함수 신경회로망의 입력데이터로 사용한다. 방사형 기저 함수 신경회로망의 은닉층은 FCM 클러스터링 알고리즘으로 구성되며 연결가중치는 1차 선형식을 사용하였다. 최적의 분류기 설계를 위해서 최근에 제안된 Artificial Bee Colony(ABC) 최적화 알고리즘을 사용하여 구조 및 파라미터를 동조하였다. ABC 알고리즘을 통해 주성분 분석법과 선형판별 분석법의 고유벡터의 수 및 FCM 클러스터링 알고리즘의 퍼지화 계수등의 파라미터를 동조한다. 제안된 분류기는 대표적인 Machine Learning(ML) 데이터를 사용하여 성능을 평가하며 기존 분류기와 성능을 비교한다. In this paper, we introduce design methodologies of polynomial radial basis function neural network classifier with the aid of Principal Component Analysis(PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA). By minimizing the information loss of given data, Feature data is obtained through preprocessing of PCA and LDA and then this data is used as input data of RBFNNs. The hidden layer of RBFNNs is built up by Fuzzy C-Mean(FCM) clustering algorithm instead of receptive fields and linear polynomial function is used as connection weights between hidden and output layer. In order to design optimized classifier, the structural and parametric values such as the number of eigenvectors of PCA and LDA, and fuzzification coefficient of FCM algorithm are optimized by Artificial Bee Colony(ABC) optimization algorithm. The proposed classifier is applied to some machine learning datasets and its result is compared with some other classifiers.