jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Melatonin based therapies for delirium and dementia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Melatonin levels have been shown to decline with aging. Melatonin and its analogs in addition to their effect on sleep promotion, has been shown to have multiple pleiotropic effects. It can also help with neuroprotection through different mechanisms. Evidence in animal and human studies suggests that low levels of melatonin have been linked to delirium, mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and with certain behavioral problems. Recent clinical trials have showed that both melatonin and its analogs may be useful in the prevention, treatment of delirium, and the management of dementia. These medications seem to have the advantage of less side effects and better safety profile when compared to antipsychotics and sedatives like benzodiazepines. These medications are available over the counter in North America, Europe, and Asia, and some of these medications are approved by FDA. This manuscript will discuss the promising role of these melatonergic medications alone or in combination with other medications for the management of Geriatric Psychiatric diseases like delirium and dementia.
The Effectiveness of Drug Treatment for Severe Behavior Disorders: A Meta-Analysis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This investigation reviews 70 studies examining the efficacy of drug treatment for severe behavior disorders. Meta-analysis, the analysis of analyses, is the methodological procedure used to statistically integrate the findings from individual studies. General findings indicate a modest positive effect for drug intervention. In addition, subsets of data aggregating behavioral, cognitive, and physiological outcomes are examined. Finally, variation for drug effects in terms of subject characteristics and design variables are investigated. The generally positive findings suggest that drug treatment represents an important option for the treatment of severe behavior disorders.
Locating the bridge

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Greg Dean Petersen (‘Bridge location on the early Italian violin’, EM, xxxv/1 (Feb 2007), pp.49–64) has made a significant contribution to our understanding of the early performance history of the violin, amplifying as he has David Boyden's observations concerning the lack of standardization of bridge position during the first century or so of the instrument's existence. I believe, however, that two important factors affecting bridge placement have been left out of the discussion, the first being pitch and the second, players' use of higher hand positions. The first of these considerations is hinted at by Boyden in his speculation (quoted by Petersen) that ‘possibly a longer string length was being sought’. (As reported by Petersen, Boyden suggested alternatively that ‘possibly a certain tone quality’ was the goal; he had expanded upon this idea in his History of violin playing from its origins to 1761 (London, 1965), p.34, in a quote from Sol Babitz—one of the pioneers in the 20th-century revival of the early violin—who claimed that the lower position of the bridge imparts a ‘silky viola-like tone’. Babitz, it should be noted, may have misidentified the actual cause of this change in timbre, which may have had more to do with the muting effect of placing the bridge very near the end of the tailpiece or with distancing the bridge from the soundpost than with bridge position per se. It is very difficult in making such experiments to isolate the active variable, since making any one change to such a complex interactive system entails concomitant changes to other variables—changes whose effect may not be so obvious.) Since the time Boyden was formulating his ideas in the 1960s, organologists have come to have a much more sophisticated understanding of stringed instrument design in terms of the interrelationship of pitch standards and the behaviour of string materials. Starting with Djilda Abbott and Ephraim Segerman's seminal article ‘Strings in the 16th and 17th centuries’ (Galpin Society Journal, xxvii (May 1974), pp.48–73), there have been numerous investigations and conjectures concerning early string-making techniques and approaches to stringing. While debate continues regarding the exact nature of early gut and its manipulation (and thus about the precise limitations imposed by its use), there is consensus regarding the general principles involved: in the period before the invention (sometime near the middle of the 17th century) and dispersal of the overspinning of gut with metal wire, the pitch of an instrument—such as the violin—with gut strings all of the same length would have been limited in the upward direction by the breaking pitch of the top string and in the downward direction by the poor timbre and response of thick, solid gut bass strings.
Changing the Channel to Regulate Emotions

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Situation selection - choosing aspects of ones' environment to align with emotional goals - may be particularly effective for older adults to regulate their emotions. However, research about situation selection is limited and this strategy is not often available in typical laboratory paradigms. To investigate age differences in situation selection in a more ecologically-valid context, younger (N=24) and older adults (N=22) completed a "TV-watching" paradigm, in which they actively shifted among a variety of affective and non-affective channels. There was a main effect of valence, F(2,44) = 30.63, p&lt; .001, with participants engaging most with positive, less with negative and least with neutral videos. Interestingly, patterns of choice did not differ by age group, p = .66. For both age groups, more positive patterns of choice were associated with better moods, y = 24.81 (SE = 4.47), t(483) = 5.45, p &lt; .001. In sum, both younger and older adults utilized situation selection to effectively achieve positive affective states.
Favorable Venous Outflow Profiles Correlate With Favorable Tissue-Level Collaterals and Clinical Outcome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Purpose: Patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion and favorable tissue-level collaterals (TLCs) likely have robust cortical venous outflow (VO). We hypothesized that favorable VO predicts robust TLC and good clinical outcomes. Methods: Multicenter retrospective cohort study of consecutive acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion patients who underwent thrombectomy triage. Included patients had interpretable prethrombectomy computed tomography, computed tomography angiography, and cerebral perfusion imaging. TLCs were measured on cerebral perfusion studies using the hypoperfusion intensity ratio (volume ratio of brain tissue with [Tmax >10 s/Tmax >6 s]). VO was determined by opacification of the vein of Labbé, sphenoparietal sinus, and superficial middle cerebral vein on computed tomography angiography as 0, not visible; 1, moderate opacification; and 2, full. Clinical and demographic data were determined from the electronic medical record. Using multivariable regression analyses, we determined the association between VO and (1) favorable TLC status (defined as hypoperfusion intensity ratio ≤0.4) and (2) good functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 0–2). Results: Six hundred forty-nine patients met inclusion criteria. Patients with favorable VO were younger (median age, 72 [interquartile range (IQR), 62–80] versus 77 [IQR, 66–84] years), had a lower baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (median, 12 [IQR, 7–17] versus 19 [IQR, 13–20]), and had a higher Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (median, 9 [IQR, 7–10] versus 7 [IQR, 6–9]). Favorable VO strongly predicted favorable TLC (odds ratio, 4.5 [95% CI, 3.1–6.5]; P <0.001) in an adjusted regression analysis. Favorable VO also predicted good clinical outcome (odds ratio, 10 [95% CI, 6.2–16.0]; P <0.001), while controlling for favorable TLC, age, glucose, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and good vessel reperfusion status. Conclusions: In this selective retrospective cohort study of acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion patients undergoing thrombectomy triage, favorable VO profiles correlated with favorable TLC and were associated with good functional outcomes after treatment. Future prospective studies should independently validate our findings.
Corporate Giving and Academic Excellence

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The article discusses corporate giving as support of endowed professorships; the author uses examples of news announcements to argue points regarding the practice. The author gives four examples of corporate giving, such as a 1967 endowment of $2 million from the American Association of Advertising Agencies to establish advertising chairs in business schools. The article states that these acts of giving indicate that setting up endowed professorships can be as noble an action as endowing a new classroom or building a new stadium, and that it proves that realism exists in academia. The author argues that the management industry has an opportunity to improve education for business students, therefore benefiting the industry itself, by continuing to provide professorship endowments.
The mechanism exploration of vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Objective:To study the drug resistance mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus(aureaus) to vancomycin.Methods:Vancomycin was applied in vitro to induce vancomycin resistant heterogeneity aureaus strains;then nuc gene(aureaus specificity gene) and vanA gene(vancomycin resistance gene) were detected by PCR.Results:Vancomycin resistant aureaus contained nuc gene,but no vanA gene.Conclusions:Vancomycin resistant aureaus contains no common vancomycin resistant gene,cell wall thickening is maybe one of the main mechanisms of aureaus to vancomycin resistance.
“The Good Society” in Ireland

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research Article| April 01 1940 “The Good Society” in Ireland Arthur W. Bromage; Arthur W. Bromage Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Mary C. Bromage Mary C. Bromage Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google South Atlantic Quarterly (1940) 39 (2): 151–167. https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-39-2-151 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Arthur W. Bromage, Mary C. Bromage; “The Good Society” in Ireland. South Atlantic Quarterly 1 April 1940; 39 (2): 151–167. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-39-2-151 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsSouth Atlantic Quarterly Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1940 by Duke University Press1940 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Materials Data on La3Ge5 by Materials Project

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

La3Ge5 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Fdd2 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent La sites. In the first La site, La is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to ten Ge atoms. There are a spread of La–Ge bond distances ranging from 3.13–3.54 Å. In the second La site, La is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to ten Ge atoms. There are a spread of La–Ge bond distances ranging from 3.19–3.54 Å. There are three inequivalent Ge sites. In the first Ge site, Ge is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to six La and two equivalent Ge atoms. Both Ge–Ge bond lengths are 2.63 Å. In the second Ge site, Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to six La and three Ge atoms. There are one shorter (2.57 Å) and one longer (2.69 Å) Ge–Ge bond lengths. In the third Ge site, Ge is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to six La and two equivalent Ge atoms.
IC‐P‐109: Efficacy of Manual Hippocampal Volumetry and Voxel‐Based Morphometry (VBM) as Imaging Biomarkers in a Chinese Cohort of Alzheimer's Patients (AD) and Cognitively Normal Older Adults

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the hippocampus has been increasingly employed as biomarker in the diagnosis, monitoring of disease progression and drug treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. We attempt to compare the efficacy of two techniques i.e. manual hippocampal volumetry and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in a local Chinese cohort of AD patients and cognitively normal older adults. Participants in this prospective study consisted of 20 cognitively normal elderly subjects (17 females, 3 males), and 19 AD patients (14 females, 5 males) who met the criteria of probable AD according to NINCDS-ADRDA. All recruited participants underwent detailed neuropsychological assessment. The average MMSE score of the AD patients was 16.6 ± 4.8 and 28.3 ± 1.9 for normal controls. High resolution T1-weighted 3D volumetric Fast Field Echo sequence was obtained using a 3.0 Tesla scanner. Bilateral manual hippocampal volumetry (using ANALYZE 7.0 software) was conducted alongside VBM of hippocampal regions-of-interest (ROIs), which were generated with standard (fig. 1) and DARTEL (fig. 2) registration (implemented in Statistical Parametric Mapping SPM5 software). Normalisation with total intracranial volumes was employed for both methods. All normalised measurements (manually drawn right and left hippocampal volumes, right and left hippocampal-ROI VBM with standard or DARTEL registration) showed significant reduction (20-30%) in AD compared to normal elderly subjects (p < 0.05). In AD, significant correlations were found between MMSE scores and manual RH volumes, manual LH volumes, standard RH-ROI VBM, and DARTEL RH-ROI VBM, with Pearson correlations of 0.596 (p = 0.007), 0.511 (p = 0.025), 0.515 (p = 0.024) and 0.464 (p = 0.045), respectively but no correlation between MMSE and any volumetric measure in the control group. Logistic regression analysis results showed significant negative effects of all normalised measurements (except standard LH VBM) in predicting AD occurrence after adjusting for age, sex, and education. The overall prediction accuracies of manual RH volumes, manual LH volumes, standard RH-ROI VBM, standard LH-ROI VBM, DARTEL RH-ROI VBM, and DARTEL LH-ROI VBM were 87.2%, 84.6%, 87.2%, 76.8%, 87.2%, and 87.2%, respectively. As imaging biomarkers, manual hippocampal volumetry and VBM morphometry have similarly high accuracies in discriminating AD from cognitively normal elderly subjects in our Chinese cohort.
Clinical investigation of a very low dosage oral contraceptive combination: 0 75 mg lynestrenol and 0 0375 mg ethinyl oestradiol

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A trial was carried out in 3 clinics to test the efficacy of and cycle control obtained with a very low dosage oral contraceptive combination of lynesternol (0.75 mg) and ethinyl oestradiol (0.0375 mg). A total of 134 healthy, fertile women, ages ranging from under 19 years to over 40 years, participated and completed 1144 treatment cycles. No pregnancies occurred. Then length of the treatment cycle compared to the cycle length before treatment was unchanged in 79.3% of cases. Withdrawal bleeding occurred in 93.1% of all treatment cycles, and in 78.9% of cases the duration of the withdrawal bleeding corresponded to that of the bleeding before treatment. The proportion of irregular bleeding in the first treatment cycle was 51.4% but by the 12th treatment cycle this was reduced to 12.5%. Side-effects, when they did occur, were very slight; existing complaints clearly decreased during the treatment.
Profil Darah Merah dan Bobot Badan Ayam Broiler dipelihara pada Ketinggian Tempat yang Berbeda

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aims of this research was determine the difference in the profile of red blood and body weight of broilers kept in the highlands and lowlands. The material of this study used 40 starter and finisher period chickens aged 21 and 35 days. The parameters observed were the profile of red blood and body weight. Data were analyzed using a t-test to test an average of 2 populations. The results showed that differences in place height were not significantly different (P> 0.05) in the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin but were significantly different (p <0.05) in hematocrit and body weight. The conclusion of this study the profile of red blood broilers kept at different altitudes is still normal under the erythrocyte and hemoglobin level but the increase in temperature in the lowlands increases hematocrit values and decreases production seen from the body weight of broilers falling below normal.
Ni/ZnO Nano Sorbent for Reactive Adsorption Desulfurization of Refinery Oil Streams

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this chapter is to present the Ni/ZnO nano-sorbent for reactive adsorption desulfurization (RADS) of refinery oil steams. The preparation and modification of nano-sorbent are reviewed. Various characterizations involving in the relation of properties with components, structures and dynamic phase change during RADS, are extensively provided. The mechanisms of desulfurization, sulfur transfer and sulfur adsorption are proposed. The contradictories in literature about active structures and reaction mechanism are discussed and the solutions are suggested. This chapter unfolds the impressive application of RADS of Ni/ZnO nano-sorbent to produce a cleaner gasoline. It also delves into the inadequately engineer areas which require further attention so as to make the RADS process more economic and more efficient. The perspective applications other than gasoline desulfurization are also presented.
Life course trajectories of family care

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

More than 30 years ago, Elder theorised multiple life-course trajectories in domains such as family and work, punctuated by transitions that create the structure and rhythm of individual lives. We argue that in the context of population ageing, family care should be added as a life-course domain. We conceptualise life courses of family care with core elements of ‘care as doing’ and ‘care as being in relationship’, creating hypothetical family care trajectories to illustrate the diversity of life-course patterns of care. The framework provides a basis for considering influences of care on cumulative advantage/disadvantage for family carers.
<i>Cochylimorpha</i> Razowski (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Cochylini) in China: one new species, three newly recorded species and description of the female of three species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Cochylimorpha subnomadana sp. n., from Mt. Liupan, Ningxia, China is described as new. Cochylimorpha declivana (Kennel, 1901), C. halophilana clavana (Constant, 1888), and C. meridiolana (Ragonot, 1894) are newly recorded for China. The previously unknown females of C. conankinensis (Ge, 1992), C. maleropa (Meyrick, 1937), and C. razowskiana Kuznetzov, 2005 are described for the first time. Photographs of the adults and genitalia are provided, along with a key to all the described Chinese Cochylimorpha species.
Developing Marketing Competence and Managing in Networks: a Strategic Approach

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Two important domains of scholarly investigation over the last decade, competency development and networks, share important common ground. These domains are also comprehended gainfully in terms of their wider strategic underpinning. This paper first contends that competence is considered best in terms of the particular strategy–structure–shared values constellation of a firm. This enables competence, including marketing competence, to be understood in terms of competency deepening (within the conventional marketing function), broadening (marketing activity which must be shared and co-managed with other parts of the firm), and of partnering (essentially, the ability to manage alliances, networks and relationships between the firm and other parties). It then explores this ‘partnering’ competence in more depth. To manage and develop networks involves nurturing expertise that has a strong marketing focus. On a tactical level, there is the ability to manage relationships and trust, to negotiate with partners, to establish legitimacy, and to monitor the ongoing costs and benefits of network involvement. On a more strategic level, there are issues of network choice, ‘network myopia’ and network disengagement.
[Clinical effects of transabdominal simple hysterectomy on micturition function].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We prospectively investigated micturition function in 68 women who were operated on by transabdominal simple hysterectomy for uterine myoma. Twelve parameters including stress urinary incontinence, obstructive symptoms, irritative symptoms, uroflow curves and amount of residue were subjectively or objectively evaluated before surgery and a mean of 4.4 months post-operatively. Though 55 patients (81%) had had one or more symptoms of micturition disorders prior to operation, surgery significantly reduced this number to 32 (47%) (p < 0.01). Hysterectomy significantly decreased the number of patients suffering from stress urinary incontinence, weak urinary stream, straining micturition, interrupted stream, urgency and frequency in the daytime. The relationship between the weight of the uterus removed and pre-operative symptoms of micturition disorders was assessed. Interrupted stream was present significantly more in the patients with a uterus weighing less than 400 grams and urgency in the patients with a uterus weighing more than 401 grams. We conclude that transabdominal simple hysterectomy is of use to improve micturition disorders pre-operatively recognized.
Impression during Coronavirus Pandemic on Behaviour of Infectious-microbial-disease and Home-physical-tools in Saudi-public

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This work was for "Impression during Coronavirus Pandemic (CVP) on Behaviour of Infectious-microbial-disease (IMD) and Home-physical-tools (HPTs) in Saudi-public (SP)". The aim was for a clarify impression during CVP on changing behaviour of IMD and HPTs in SP. That was by making a questionnaire to obtain information from people in SP. It found participating 28.5% for < 20 yr and was 71.5% for > 20 yr, 31.5% were men and 68.5% were women. While 92.5% lived in families, were HPTs differed in 83.5%, 75.5% agreed presence source Coronavirus infection (CVI) in the HPTs. As well as 11.5% individuals had CVI, where 84.5% refused to use HPTs if were suspected of carrying the CVI patient. Once 94.5% was not dealing with individuals infected with CV. Anywhere, 69.5% agreed for good treatment with the CVI patient after recovery and so 73.5% acquired skills to change the behaviour of HPTs. From the whole caution handle was 29.5%, hand washing considered 20%, permanent sterilization was 18.5%. The use of gloves and facemasks was 16.5%, not use other people's tools, it took 15.5%. That concluded from this paper the approved changes behaviour of IMD and HPTs in SP, that which had important for the decrease of CVP presence in SP and worldwide. That recommended the CVP is very risk in SP and worldwide and must take care of every behaviour in house to decrease CVI. We intend to do future research in changes behaviour in house to protect family members from CVI and save SP.