jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Particle Swarm Optimization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

tutorial Share on Particle Swarm Optimization Author: Andries Engelbrecht University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South AfricaView Profile Authors Info & Claims GECCO Companion '15: Proceedings of the Companion Publication of the 2015 Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary ComputationJuly 2015 Pages 65–91https://doi.org/10.1145/2739482.2756564Published:11 July 2015Publication History 4citation356DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations4Total Downloads356Last 12 Months9Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
The relative influences of priors and sensory evidence on an oculomotor decision variable during perceptual learning Abbreviated title: Influence of priors during perceptual learning

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Acknowledgements: We thank Long Ding, Ching-Ling Teng, Phil Holmes and Phil Eckhoff for helpful comments and Jean Zweigle, Fred Letterio, Mike Supplick and Andy Callahan for technical assistance. Supported by EY015260, MH062196, P30 EY001583, the McKnight Foundation, the Burroughs-Wellcome Fund and the Sloan Foundation. Articles in PresS. J Neurophysiol (August 27, 2008). doi:10.1152/jn.90629.2008
Adaptive Space-Time Domain Decomposition for Multiphase Flow in Porous Media with Bound Constraints

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

.This paper proposes an adaptive space-time algorithm based on domain decomposition for the large-scale simulation of a recently developed thermodynamically consistent reservoir problem. In the approach, the bound constraints are represented by means of a minimum-type complementarity function to enforce the positivity of the reservoir model, and a space-time mixed finite element method is applied for the parallel-in-time monolithic discretization. In particular, we propose a time-adaptive strategy using the improved backward differencing formula of second order, to take full advantage of the high degree of space-time parallelism. Moreover, the complicated dynamics with higher nonlinearity of space-time discretization require some innovative nonlinear and linear solution strategies. Therefore, we present a class of modified semismooth Newton algorithms to enhance the convergence rate of nonlinear iterations. Multilevel space-time restricted additive Schwarz algorithms, whose subdomains cover both space and time variables, are also studied for domain decomposition-based preconditioning. Numerical experiments demonstrate the robustness and parallel scalability of the proposed adaptive space-time algorithm on a supercomputer with tens of thousands of processor cores.Keywordsreservoir simulationspace-time algorithmsdomain decompositionsemismooth Newtonparallel computingMSC codes76S0565F0865M5568W1065Y05
Effects on milk production of feeding silage and three levels of sugar‐beet pulp either as a mixed ration or as an ensiled blend

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Twenty‐one British Friesian dairy cows, in mid‐lactation, were used in a seven‐treatment, partially balanced change‐over design experiment consisting of three periods each of 4 weeks' duration. Treatments involved offering grass silage either without a sugar‐beet pulp (beet pulp) supplement (US) or supplemented with beet pulp at silage/beet pulp dry matter ratios of 80:20 (C40), 65:35 (C80) and 55:45 (C120), and offered in the form of a mixed ration. A further three treatments consisted of offering ensiled blends of silage and beet pulp, produced by mixing 40 (E40), 80 (E80) and 120 (E120)kg beet pulp t −1 of grass at ensiling. Silage was offered ad libitum on all treatments, with cows receiving 1kg d −1 of a concentrate supplement containing 470 g crude protein kg −1 fresh weight. Dry matter intakes increased with increasing level of beet pulp inclusion in the diet, irrespective of method of beet pulp inclusion in the diet. Similarly, milk fat + protein yields increased with increasing level of beet pulp offered. However, when comparisons were made between the two methods of beet pulp inclusion in the diet with beet pulp requirements equivalent to those obtained in treatments C40, C80 and C120, namely 2·28, 4·53 and 6·21 kg d −1 , offering beet pulp as a supplement to an untreated silage resulted in fat + protein yields of 32 (s.e.d. 9·8), 53 (s.e.d. 19·5) and 81 (s.e.d. 21·3)gd −1 greater than would have been achieved had equivalent quantities of beet pulp been included at ensiling as part of an ensiled blend. This effect can be attributed to the higher metabolizable energy intakes with the control silage supplemented with beet pulp at feeding, a consequence of the loss of nutrients from the beet pulp fraction during ensiling, in the case of treatments E40, E80 and E120. However, when account is taken of differences in the efficiency of recovery of edible silage dry matter between ensilage systems and differences in forage dry‐matter intake between treatments, overall efficiency of feed use was not significantly different between the two systems of beet pulp inclusion in the diet.
The Role of Empathy in Health and Social Care Professionals

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The current article is an integrative and analytical literature review on the concept and meaning of empathy in health and social care professionals. Empathy, i.e., the ability to understand the personal experience of the patient without bonding with them, constitutes an important communication skill for a health professional, one that includes three dimensions: the emotional, cognitive, and behavioral. It has been proven that health professionals with high levels of empathy operate more efficiently as to the fulfillment of their role in eliciting therapeutic change. The empathetic professional comprehends the needs of the health care users, as the latter feel safe to express the thoughts and problems that concern them. Although the importance of empathy is undeniable, a significantly high percentage of health professionals seem to find it difficult to adopt a model of empathetic communication in their everyday practice. Some of the factors that negatively influence the development of empathy are the high number of patients that professionals have to manage, the lack of adequate time, the focus on therapy within the existing academic culture, but also the lack of education in empathy. Developing empathetic skills should not only be the underlying objective in the teaching process of health and social care undergraduate students, but also the subject of the lifelong and continuous education of professionals.
Antimelanogenic activity of patuletin from Inula japonica flowers in B16F10 melanoma cells and zebrafish embryos

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

During the search for natural melanogenesis inhibitors, patuletin, a flavonoid, was isolated from Inula japonica flowers. We investigated the antimelanogenic effects of patuletin on B16F10 melanoma cells and zebrafish embryos. Patuletin dose-dependently reduced melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced melanogenesis and L-DOPA oxidation in B16F10 cells. Western blot analysis showed that patuletin reduced cellular tyrosinase expression in a dose-dependent manner. Patuletin treatment significantly decreased melanin pigmentation in the embryo compared to the untreated controls.
INFORMATION FROM THE EGYPTIAN CHRONICLER ABD AZ-ZAHIR AS A SOURCE FOR THE HISTORY OF THE CRIMEA OF THE THIRD QUARTER OF THE XIII CENTURY

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article is an attempt to restore the original text with the description held in the Crimea the fourth embassy to al-Malik al-Zahir Baybars (1260–1277) to the ruler of the Golden Horde, Berke – fragment of the London of the manuscript of the secretary of the office of the Mamluk Sultan al-Malik al-Zahir Baybars (1260–1277) and his biographer ‘Abd al-Zahir (1223–1293) «al-Rawḍ al-ẓāhir fī sīrat al-Malik al-Ẓāhir» (Garden visible in the biography of al-Malik al-Zahir) with filling of the gaps in the text borrowings from the Egyptian chroniclers Shafi, b. Ali (1252–1329), al-Nuwayri (1279–1333), al-Muf al-Dal (1259–1341), Ibn al-Forat (1335–1405), al-Aini (1361–1453), al-Makrizi (1364–1442), al-Yunini (1256–1326), Rukn ad-Din Baybars (1247–1325), etc. Verbatim translations of excerpts from Arabic works published with translations by V. G. Tizengauzen allow us to establish: 1) the absence in the letters of Baybars and Berke of any information about Berke’s conversion to Islam earlier than 1263 and the presence of direct evidence of his intentions to join this religion; 2) the time of adoption of the religion of Islam by Berke, his family members and the military aristocracy of the Golden Horde in the first decade of may 1263; 3) the number and sequence of embassies of the ruler of the Golden Horde Berke and Sultan Beybars, carried out before the resumption (July 17, 1264) of the fourth Embassy of the Sultan detained by the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos; 4) the time of the fourth Embassy of Beybars in the Crimea (20–21 1264); 5) the presence of the Crimea in July 1264 under the rule of the only ruler – the son of Jouchi Tuka Timur, called by Abd al-Zahir Tuk Buga, and on the coins of his «pre-Muslim» coinage of the Crimea «Ata Tuka syogun» and «Temir Tuka»; 6) the existence of a post station-caravanserai on the route of the embassy, which served as the formation of the city of Solhat around it.
SAFETY ASPECTS WITHOUT LOSS OF EFFECTIVENESS IN THE SWITCH OF PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS FROM THE ORIGINAL DRUG GLATIRAMER ACETATE COPAXONE-TEVA ON THE BIOSIMILAR TIMEXON

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The article presents the results of safety fi ndings during international multicenter randomized double-blind, active and placebo-controlled, comparative phase 3 trial. 158 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis were randomly assigned into 3 groups: Timexon (glatiramer acetate, manufactured by JSC «BIOCAD», Russia), copaxone-Teva (Teva Pharmaceutical Enterprise Co., Ltd., Israel) and placebo, at a ratio of 2:2:1, respectively. At the second group 63 patients received Copaxone-Teva, after 48 weeks of therapy they received Timexon. Switching between therapy was not associated with adverse eff ect frequency. There was no clinically signifi cant diff erences in profi le and frequency of adverse eff ects between the groups of Copaxone-Teva and Timexon. Also, effi cacy analysis of therapy demonstrated no diff erences between timexone group and Copaxone-Teva group in both MRI parameters and frequency of relapses. The data obtained from the present study confi rm the equivalence in safety of Timexon (CJSC BIOCAD, Russia) and Copaxone-Teva, that is important for further implementation of glatiramer acetate generic in the clinical practice of multiple sclerosis therapy.
Age-Related Differences in the Acceptance Process of Mobile Phones: A Closer Look at Social Influences

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study examined the differences in the influence of closeness relationships between younger participants and older participants in the innovation diffusion process. Findings were as follows: (1) During the awareness stage, younger participants and older participants did not show significant differences under influences of age, while during the trial and acceptance stages, older participants showed higher intention on trial and acceptance of phones than younger participants. (2) Under the interactive influences of age and closeness relationship, the results were different. (3) For younger participants who paid close attention to the technology development of phones, if they had a high closeness relationship with the referrer, some factors influencing their purchase would become less important. (4) Older participants' reaction to the behaviors of their children, such as playing with phones and no communication with them, was related to older participants' living situations.
The effect of training on spontaneous blink rate in dogs

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

\nThe spontaneous blink rate is found to be a non-invasive but functional, reliable and useful way to monitor central dopaminergic activity. Dopamine is associated with a range of functions such as reward, motivation and learning. It plays an important role in goal-directed behavior and in maintaining a behavior once a task is learned. As far as the author knows, there are today no publications that discuss the topic regarding the possible link between training and spontaneous blink rate in dogs. Therefore, eight privately owned dogs were included in this study to determine if there was a significant difference in the spontaneous blink rate before and after the process of learning a task. If there was a significant difference in the spontaneous blink rate, a secondary aim was to determine if the change showed a consistent pattern during the training process. It was predicted that the spontaneous blink rate would increase in accordance with changes in dopaminergic activity associated with the activation of neuro-affective circuits associated with reward acquisition during the establishment of the response and furthermore that the spontaneous blink rate would decrease as the behaviour shifted from a goal directed behaviour to a habitual response. For the two dogs that reached criterion the data showed a similar trend where the blink rate per minute was decreased during training and returned towards baseline levels post threshold criterion. A significant difference was found in blink rate between baseline and training for the two dogs that reached criterion. From this study it was not possible to conclude that the spontaneous blink rate reflects dopaminergic activity. However, one conclusion that can be drawn from this study was that there is a change in blink rate during training compared to baseline for the two dogs that reached criterion. Further studies on larger sample sizes are necessary to assess the effect of training on spontaneous blink rate in dogs. For any further studies, it is strongly recommended accurate and careful recruitment of individuals is essential to ensure that they are suitable for such training. \n
Lower nasopharyngeal viral load during the latest phase of COVID-19 pandemic in a Northern Italy University Hospital

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives A milder clinical course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been anecdotally reported over the latest phase of COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. Several factors may contribute to this observation, including the effect of lockdown, social distancing, lower humidity, lower air pollution, and potential changes in the intrinsic pathogenicity of the virus. In this regard, the clinical severity of COVID-19 could be attenuated by mutations in SARS-CoV-2 genome that decrease its virulence, as well as by lower virus inocula. Methods In this pilot study, we compared the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification profile of 100 nasopharyngeal swabs consecutively collected in April, during the peak of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, to that of 100 swabs collected using the same procedure in May. Results The mean Ct value of positive samples collected in May was significantly higher than that of samples collected in the previous period ( ORF 1a/b gene: 31.85 ± 0.32 vs. 28.37 ± 0.5, p<0.001; E gene: 33.76 ± 0.38 vs. 29.79 ± 0.63, p<0.001), suggesting a lower viral load at the time of sampling. No significant differences were observed between male and females in the two periods, whilst higher viral loads were found in (i) patients over 60-years old, and (ii) patients that experienced severe COVID-19 during the early stages of the pandemic. Conclusions This pilot study prompts further investigation on the correlation between SARS-CoV-2 load and different clinical manifestation of COVID-19 during different phases of the pandemic. Laboratories should consider reporting quantitative viral load data in the molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Research on Structure Control of High Yield Bambusa oldhami Bamboo Shoot Stands Basing on N/S

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

According to the charaters of sympodial bamboo which developed an uniform clone of the whole clump,this paper promoted the conception of N/S for sympodial bamboo stands structure: the number of living culms(N) to the surface of the subterranean parts occupied of a clump(S).The structure control of high efficiency utilizing environment resources for bamboo stands on Bambusa oldhami was investigated.The results suggested that the relationship of N/S and cluster shoots output showed a single-peak parabola, and the best ratio of N/S was 4.0—5.0 culms·m-2.the surface of the subterranean parts occupied of a clump increased with cluster crown linearly.Environment utilizing efficiency could be increased by increasing plant density and expanding the surface of the subterranean parts.The normal high yield structures were as following: individual numbers was 9 200—11 500 culms·hm-2,the surface of the subterranean parts was 2 300 m2·hm-2,soil utilizing efficiency approach to 23.0%,and plant density could be increased to about 1 050 clusters·hm-2.
Online Modifications for Event-Based Signal Temporal Logic Specifications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we present a grammar and control synthesis framework for online modification of Event-based Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specifications, during execution. These modifications allow a user to change the robots' task in response to potential future violations, changes to the environment, or user-defined task changes. In cases where a modification is not possible, we provide feedback to the user and suggest alternative modifications. We demonstrate our task modification process using a Hello Robot Stretch.
Colored merocyanine aggregates: long-lived crystals of large size (10-100 .mu.m) and deaggregation of small aggregates in solutions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColored merocyanine aggregates: long-lived crystals of large size (10-100 .mu.m) and deaggregation of small aggregates in solutionsYoshiyuki Onai, Michiko Mamiya, Toshio Kiyokawa, Kenichi Okuwa, Makoto Kobayashi, Hisanori Shinohara, and Hiroyasu SatoCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 37, 9499–9505Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100139a039https://doi.org/10.1021/j100139a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views328Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Epidemiologic and immunologic characteristics of Streptococcus equi infection in foals.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

A 2-phase study was performed to characterize the effects of Streptococcus equi infection in unexposed and previously exposed foals. In phase I, 22 weanling foals involved in a naturally occurring S equi epizootic were studied, along with a comparison group of 11 unexposed foals, matched for age, sex, and breed. Six months later (phase II), an epizootic was experimentally induced in previously exposed and unexposed foals from phase I. The prevalence and duration of clinical signs, the relative risk of developing disease, bacteriologic culture results, hematologic responses, and mucosal and serum immunologic responses were determined. Disease protection in phase-I and -II foals was associated with high values for serum S equi M protein-specific IgG at the onset of the epizootic (P < 0.02 for phase 1 and P < 0.01 for phase II), and with a rapid (within 2 weeks of exposure) mucosal S equi M protein-specific IgG response (P < 0.05 for phase I and P = 0.01 for phase II).
GENETIC VARIABILITY, ASSOCIATION AND DIVERSITY STUDIES IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) GERMPLASM

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Seventy local and exotic wheat genotypes grown in Faisalabad, Pakistan during the Rabi season of 2005/2006 were evaluated for variability parameters, correlations and path coefficients for eight metric traits i.e., plant height, number of productive tillers per plant, number of spikelets per spike, spike length, number of grains per spike, fertility %, 1000 grain weight and yield per plant. Significant genotypic differences were observed for all the traits studied indicating considerable amount of variation among genotypes for each character. The estimates of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were high for yield per plant, number of productive tillers per plant and number of grains per spike. The remaining traits recorded moderate to low PCV and GCV estimates. Moderate heritability was observed for number of productive tillers per plant and fertility %. High heritability estimates were recorded for plant height, number of spikelets per spike, spike length, number of grains per spike, 1000 grain weight and yield per plant. These traits also indicated high genetic advance (except fertility %). Grain yield per plant showed highly significant positive correlation with number of productive tillers per plant, number of spikelets per spike and number of grains per spike and significant
Populism’s challenges to political reason: Reconfiguring the public sphere in an emotional culture

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Populism’s Challenges to Political Reason can be seen as a consequence of social and cultural trends, the so called ‘emotional culture’, that have been accentuated in recent decades. By considering those trends, this article aims at shedding light on some distinctive marks of contemporary populism in order to argue for a reconfiguration of the public sphere that, without ignoring emotion, recovers argumentation and persuasion based on facts and reason.
Electrochemical and Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of Inconel 6 00 Alloy in Thiosulfate Solution

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The effect of thiosulfate ion on the pitting corrosion and stress corrosion cracking behavior of solution treated Inconel alloy 600 was investigated. In the absence of chloride ion, pitting corrosion was observed on the specimen surfaces of solution treated Inconel alloy 600 in thiosulfate solution. Intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) in this material was also found to occur in thiosulfate solution at 95 C and at applied potentials of -440 and +100 mV (SCE), respectively. Crack growth rates as function of stress intensity (da/dt vs K) at these two potentials are reported as well. The possible mechanism for these observations is discussed.