jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Study on Cutaneous Stimulation of Nanoemulsion

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Transmission electron micrograph(TEM) and scanning electron microscope(SEM) were used to investigate the changing of stratum corneum and ultramicrostructure of mouse skin after treated with nanoemulsion for 2h and 6h.The results were compared with those of the saline control group and blank group.The half inhibition concentration(IC50) of nanoemulsion,Labrasol,Plurol Oleique and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) to HaCat cells were determined.The results showed that the mean diameter of nanoemulsion was 28.8nm with 99.3% of size distribution between 18.9-39.7nm and 0.7% between 124.8-176.1nm.Compared with the saline group,the stratum corneum of nanoemulsion group became thinning and exfoliated,the plasmodesma between prickle cells was broken and the intercellular space enlarged.The IC50 value of nanoemulsion was obviously higher than that of SDS(P0.01).It was indicated that the cutaneous stimulation of nanoemulsion was mainly induced by Labrasol.
Relationships between alexithymia and Machiavellian personality beliefs among university students

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The present study considered the relationships between alexithymia and Machiavellian personality beliefs among university students. Two hundred and thirteen students (95 women and 118 men) studying Master's degrees in psychology, education, law, political sciences, and social sciences at the University of Tehran were randomly chosen using multi-stage clustering sampling and screening. Participants completed the Kiddie Mach scale and Toronto Alexithymia scale (Persian version). Data were analysed by Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression. Results revealed a significant correlation between alexithymia and Machiavellian views. According to these findings, students with Machiavellian beliefs seemed to run into difficulty with the identification and description of others' emotions.
The effect of differences in warm-up and muscle contraction methods on muscle activity and total work during the bench press exercise in Republic of Korea: experimental research

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Other SectionsAbstractINTRODUCTIONMETHODSRESULTSDISCUSSIONACKNOWLEDGMENTSAUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONSCONFLICT OF INTERESTFUNDINGDATA AVAILABILITYSUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALSReferences
Autologous Breast Reconstruction Success Rates in Hypercoagulable Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Hypercoagulable disorders may adversely affect microsurgical outcomes, including increased flap failure and complication rates. Outcomes specific to autologous breast reconstruction are not well described. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of autologous breast reconstructions between 2009 and 2020. Patients with either a thrombophilic disorder (TD) diagnosis or a previous thrombotic event (TE) were identified. The analysis compared perioperative complications and flap success rates. Results: In this series, 23 patients with a TD underwent 39 flaps, and 78 patients who had experienced a TE underwent 126 flaps, compared with 815 control patients, who underwent 1300 flaps. In logistic regression models, a TD diagnosis was an independent predictor of early total flap loss [OR, 8.42 (95% CI, 1.59 to 44.47); P = 0.01], late partial flap loss [OR, 3.9 (95% CI, 1.0 to 15.22); P = 0.05], and delayed healing [OR, 2.26 (95% CI, 1.02 to 5.04); P = 0.04]. TE history trended toward an association only with late partial flap loss ( P = 0.057). Flap salvage rates (25%) and flap success rates (92.3%) were statistically lower in patients with a TD but normal in patients who had experienced a TE. Conclusions: Microsurgical breast reconstruction is a reasonable option for patients with hypercoagulation disorders. No increased risk of flap complications was associated with a previous TE; however, TDs carried increased risk. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Risk, II.
Study of retinopathy of prematurity in high risk infants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity is a vaso-proliferative disorder of retina in premature babies. The objective of this study was to study retinopathy of prematurity in premature babies and to study associated risk factors.Methods: Study was a prospective study was conducted among infants in high risk follow up clinic of our department KT Children Hospital, tertiary teaching hospital attached to Government medical college, Rajkot. Sample size of study was conducted on 100 high risk neonates who were brought to high risk follow up clinic at K T children hospital, Rajkot.Results: Out of studied 100 infant, 40% developed ROP, 12% developed stage 1 ROP, 13% developed stage 2 ROP,15% developed stage 3 ROP. Out of 100 cases 40% were ROP positive.15% occurred between 28-30 weeks of gestation. In 31-33 weeks of gestation 82.5%. In 34-36 weeks of gestation 2.5%. 15% of cases between 740-1000 gm of birth weight developed ROP.67.5% between 1000-1500 gm of birth weight developed ROP.15% between 1500-2000 gm of birth weight developed ROP.2.5% between 1500-2000 gm of birth weight developed ROP. 70 newborns received oxygen, 95% of newborns developed ROP. 5% newborns who have not received oxygen developed ROP. In present study there is association of ROP with oxygen therapy. 40 cases had apnea. Out of 40 cases 55% had ROP. Association between apnea and ROP. 21 received blood products.57% of them had ROP. Association between blood transfusion and ROP. 20 received ventilation. 75% of them had ROP. Association between ventilation and ROP. Out of 40 positive newborns there 17 were male and 23 were female. No difference in distribution of ROP in male and female sex. Significant relationship between gestational age, O2 therapy, mechanical ventilation, apnea and blood products. Insignificant relationship between sexes.Conclusions: This study has identified ROP is found to be associated with gestational age, o2 therapy, mechanical ventilation, apnea and blood products.
The Role of the School Librarian as a Collaborative Partner in Relationship to the Common Core State Standards

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

by Michelle R. Stegmaier Collaboration is not a new term to librarianship. However, for most Library Media Specialists, collaboration is an expectation that has yet to come to fruition or reach its full potential. The Common Core State Standards (CCSS) adopted by most states presents a new opportunity for collaboration. Even though librarians are not specifically mentioned in the CCSS, they possess the skillset to become leaders and collaborative partners in education. The CCSS are designed to prepare students for college programs and career opportunities. The competencies listed by the American Association of School Librarians in, “The Standards For The 21 Century Learner,” (AASL) align with the goals of the CCSS. The Library Media Specialist is already equipped to provide resources, knowledge, and any other needed support of the implementation of the CCSS. It is up to Library Media Specialist to embrace this new role and assert themselves as leaders. THE ROLE OF THE LIBRARY MEDIA SPECIALIST AS A COLLABORATIVE PARTNER IN RELATIONSHIP TO THE COMMON CORE STATE STANDARDS by Michelle R. Stegmaier A Research Paper presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Library Science and Information Services in the Department of Educational Leadership and Human Development University of Central Missouri May, 2013 ©2013 Michelle R. Stegmaier ALL RIGHTS RESERVED THE ROLE OF THE SCHOOL LIBRARIAN AS A COLLABORATIVE PARTNER IN RELATIONSHIP TO THE COMMON CORE STATE STANDARDS by Michelle R. Stegmaier May, 2013 APPROVED: Advisor: Dr. Jenny Robbins Committee Member: Dr. Patricia Antrim ACCEPTED: Chair, Department of Education Leadership and Human Development: Dr. Antrim UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL MISSOURI WARRENSBURG, MISSOURI
The evolution of the global movement to end child marriage

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Although international and domestic laws prohibit child marriage, millions of girls are married every year worldwide, a trend only aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the turn of the century, the global advocacy movement to end child marriage has gained momentum by standardizing its framing, using testimonies and symbols to generate empathy and mobilize solidarity, and engaging with policymakers to end the practice. In this article, I draw on newspaper articles, advocacy reports, and interviews with activists in the United States and Latin America to identify the reasons behind its success. I also discuss several challenges activists are grappling with as the movement evolves, including intra-network dynamics regarding the centrality of sexuality and the forms child marriage adopts around the world.
Tetraalkylammonium cations in electron impact mass spectrometry

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Twenty‐five tetraalkylammonium halide salts were investigated by means of electron impact mass spectrometry. In all cases, corresponding ammonium cations have been detected at low electron energy. Moreover, [C+M] + have been detected (where C and M denote ammonium cation and molecule, respectively) for both symmetrical salts and iodine salts. Quaternary ammonium salts are considered to be more stable than believed previously.
Immunomodulators and new treatment for autoimmune skin disease

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Imunomodulatori i novi lijekovi za autoimune bolesti su brojni. Svaki od njih ima specificno djelovanje u određenom indikacijskom podrucju. Navode se oni lijekovi koji su u autoimunih kožnih bolesti posebice djelotvorni: Interferoni, Imiquimod, Citokini, Interleukin 4, Imunomodulatori nastali bioinženjeringom: Leflunomide, sustavni imunomodulatori s kemoterapeuticima, ljudski imunoglobulini, Melfan, Mycophenolat mofetil, Ciklosporin i drugi. Istaknuli smo imunomodulatore i nove lijekove za autoimune bolesti kože koji imaju specificno djelovanje u određenom indikacijskom podrucju, sprjecavaju razvoj upalne reakcije i dokazali su djelotvornost.
Case-Based Reasoning for Product Style Construction and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process Evaluation Modeling Using Consumers Linguistic Variables

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Key form features are relative to the style of product, and the expression on style features depicts the product description and is a measurement of attribute knowledge. The uncertainty definition leads to an improved and effective product style retrieval when combined with fuzzy sets. First, a style knowledge and features database are constructed using fuzzy case-based reasoning technology; a similarity measurement method based on case-based reasoning and fuzzy model of the fuzzy proximity method may be defined by the fuzzy nearest-neighbor algorithm for obtaining the style knowledge extraction. Second, the linguistic variables (LV) are used to assess the product characteristics to establish the product style evaluation database for simplifying the style presentation and decreasing the computational complexity. Third, the model of product style feature set, extracted by fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), and the final style related form features set are acquired using LV. This research involves a case study for extracting the key form features of the style of high heel shoes. The proposed algorithms are generated by calculating the weights of each component of high heel shoes using FAHP with LV. The case study and results established that the proposed method is feasible and effective for extracting the style of the product.
Effects of Combined Anti-Hypertensive and Statin Treatment on Memory, Fear Extinction, Adult Neurogenesis, and Angiogenesis in Adult and Middle-Aged Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Hyperlipidemia and hypertension are modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline. About 25% of adults over age 65 use both antihypertensives (AHTs) and statins to treat these conditions. Recent research in humans suggests that their combined use may delay or prevent dementia onset. However, it is not clear whether and how combination treatment may benefit brain function. To begin to address this question, we examined effects of atorvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, and Captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), administration on memory function, anxiety-like behavior, adult hippocampal neurogenesis and angiogenesis in adult and middle-aged male C57Bl/6J mice. In adult mice (3-months-old) combination (combo) treatment, as well as administration of each compound individually, for six weeks, accelerated memory extinction in contextual fear conditioning. However, pattern separation in the touchscreen-based location discrimination test, a behavior linked to adult hippocampal neurogenesis, was unchanged. In addition, dentate gyrus (DG) neurogenesis and vascularization were unaffected. In middle-aged mice (10-months-old) combo treatment had no effect on spatial memory in the Morris water maze, but did reduce anxiety in the open field test. A potential underlying mechanism may be the modest increase in new hippocampal neurons (~20%) in the combo as compared to the control group. DG vascularization was not altered. Overall, our findings suggest that statin and anti-hypertensive treatment may serve as a potential pharmacotherapeutic approach for anxiety, in particular for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients who have impairments in extinction of aversive memories.
Research on CO Migration Patterns in Shallowly Buried Coal Seam Composite Goafs

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

To address the issue of CO exceedance in the close-range composite goaf, this paper focuses on the composite goaf of the Shaping Mine as the research subject and investigated the migration dynamics of CO within shallowly buried composite goaf areas. Sulfur hexafluoride gas (SF6) tracer experiments were conducted at the 13103 working face in Shaping Mine to assess surface fissures and air leakage, yielding insights into the distribution patterns of air leakage channels and facilitating the identification of critical areas for channel sealing. Programmed heating and oxidation experiments were conducted on coal seams 8# and 13# to determine the CO generation patterns during coal oxidation. The results show that higher concentrations of O2 corresponded to elevated CO production at equivalent temperatures. Subsequent data analysis unveiled exponential relationships between the O2 consumption rate and CO production rate within the goaf area, offering a theoretical framework for understanding CO migration patterns. Through numerical simulations, the study analyzed the CO migration patterns in the composite goaf area, observing downward diffusion of CO emanating from coal oxidation in the overlying goaf areas followed by dispersion toward the working face and roadways. Driven by airflow dynamics, CO accrued in the return air corner of the working face. Building upon these insights, comprehensive CO management strategies were implemented, resulting in sustained reductions of temperatures and CO concentrations to safe levels within the original high-temperature, high-concentration CO zones. Notably, CO concentrations at the return air corner of the working face continued to decline over the management period, reaching below 24 ppm within 10 to 15 days, highlighting the effectiveness of the management measures in ensuring safe underground production.
Structural studies of mammalian reovirus by electron cryomicroscopy

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Mammalian reovirus (MRV) is a double-stranded RNA virus of the Reoviridae family. MRV uses viral polymerases λ3 inside the viral cores to synthesize viral mRNAs. To locate the polymerases, the atomic model of λ3 was fitted into a reconstructed density map of MRV at 7.6-Å resolution. The polymerase was found attached to the interior surface of the λ1 shell, with its molecular center ∼28-Å from the icosahedral five-fold axis. A small portion of λ3 overlaps the five-fold axis, which is consistent with the finding that only one polymerase binds at an five-fold axis. Polymerase contacts the λ1 shell with its mRNA exit channel facing the shell. These results suggest that, during transcription, the viral mRNA synthesized by λ3 may pass directly through a peripentonal channel of the λ1 shell, and finally into the central cavity of the λ2 pentamer, where a cap structure is added to the mRNA. Several new features of the membrane penetration protein μ1, that were disordered in the crystal structure of the μ13σ3 3 heterohexamer, were revealed by electron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM). These new features include a loop-like structure formed by residues 2 to 9 that suggests the N-terminal myristoyl group can enter a hydrophobic pocket within the same μ1 trimer, a U-shaped structure formed by residues 72–96 that may mediate the interactions between adjacent μ1 trimers, and spoke-like structures formed by the C-terminal 33 residues of μ1. These new features may be related to virus assembly, stability, transcription regulation and cell entry. Assembly of MRV shells was studied by analyzing association energies between viral proteins to explore possible assembly intermediates of the inner and outer shells. As a result, the primary assembly intermediates of the inner shell were predicted to be dimers and tetramers of the λ1 protein. Assembly of the outer shell appears to be initiated by the binding of Q-type of μ13σ33 heterohexamers to the λ2 pentamers of cores. This proposal was supported by a cryoEM reconstruction of a partially assembled intermediate particle of reovirus. The assembly order of the R-, S-, and T-types of heterohexamers was also predicted as S→R→T.
176 EXPLORING THE PREVALENCE AND PRESENTATION OF FRAILTY IN AN IRISH EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT – A POINT PREVALENCE STUDY

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background In Ireland, frailty is routinely identified in the Emergency Department (ED), however its prevalence is not well defined. This contrasts with the prevalence of frailty in the older adult population living in the community setting, where the prevalence of frailty has been defined as 14% in the over 65 population and 33% in the 75 and over (TILDA, 2020). The aim of the study is to explore the prevalence and presentation of frailty in the older adult population attending ED of a model 3 hospital in Ireland. Methods In August 2021, a point prevalence study was undertaken in the ED over 14 days, covering a 24-hour period, applying retrospective documentary and observational data analysis. Measures used to identify frailty included: Think Frailty and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) version 2.0. Results 2,582 individuals attended ED over a 2-week period. 22% were aged 65 and over, of which, 37.5% were aged 65 – 74 and 62.5% were aged 75 and over. 60% were admitted and 40% were discharged. Of those identified as living with frailty – 24.8% were identified to be living with severe/very severe frailty (CFS 7 – 8); 19.5% with moderate frailty (CFS 6), and 35.66% with mild/very mild frailty (CFS 4 – 5). The majority of those identified at CFS 1 – 3 were aged 65 – 74. The identified frailty syndromes included, polypharmacy (38.5%), reduced mobility (30.3%), falls (20%), dementia (6%), Delirium (5%), Incontinence (0%). Conclusion The results indicated that 80% of the identified cohort were living with frailty (CFS 4 – 8). Frailty status and advancing age were associated with a longer length of stay in ED and a subsequent admission. Dominant frailty syndromes included polypharmacy and reduced mobility; frailty syndromes such as delirium and incontinence appear to be underrepresented, which may be influenced by the absence of routine identification in the ED.
Development and Initial Testing of Off-Gas Recycle Liquid from the WTP Low Activity Waste Vitrification Process - 14333

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) process flow was designed to pre-treat feed from the Hanford tank farms, separate it into a High Level Waste (HLW) and Low Activity Waste (LAW) fraction and vitrify each fraction in separate facilities. Vitrification of the waste generates an aqueous condensate stream from the off-gas processes. This stream originates from two off-gas treatment unit operations, the Submerged Bed Scrubber (SBS) and the Wet Electrospray Precipitator (WESP). Currently, the baseline plan for disposition of the stream from the LAW melter is to recycle it to the Pretreatment facility where it gets evaporated and processed into the LAW melter again. If the Pretreatment facility is not available, the baseline disposition pathway is not viable. Additionally, some components in the stream are volatile at melter temperatures, thereby accumulating to high concentrations in the scrubbed stream. It would be highly beneficial to divert this stream to an alternate disposition path to alleviate the close-coupled operation of the LAW vitrification and Pretreatment facilities, and to improve long-term throughput and efficiency of the WTP system. In order to determine an alternate disposition path for the LAW SBS/WESP Recycle stream, a range of options are being studied. A simulant of the LAW Off-Gas Condensate was developed, based on the projected composition of this stream, and comparison with pilot-scale testing. The primary radionuclide that vaporizes and accumulates in the stream is Tc-99, but small amounts of several other radionuclides are also projected to be present in this stream. The processes being investigated for managing this stream includes evaporation and radionuclide removal via precipitation and adsorption. During evaporation, it is of interest to investigate the formation of insoluble solids to avoid scaling and plugging of equipment. Key parameters for radionuclide removal include identifying effective precipitation or ion adsorption chemicals, solid-liquid separation methods, and achievable decontamination factors. Results of the radionuclide removal testing indicate that the radionuclides, including Tc-99, can be removed with inorganic sorbents and precipitating agents. Evaporation test results indicate that the simulant can be evaporated to fairly high concentration prior to formation of appreciable solids, but corrosion has not yet been examined.
Shelf stability and quailty of fresh ground pork and pork sausage from pigs fed ethanol co-products

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of swine diets on subsequent meat quality characteristics and shelf life of ground pork products. Pigs were fed one of 8 different dietary treatments using dietary components common to the swine industry and three different products were made from each pig 1) ground pork, 2) pork sausage and 3) pork sausage with an added rosemary antioxidant. The experiment was set up to determine the effect of the swine diet on the degree of saturation of pork fat. Then the meat and fat were used to make three different products to determine the effect of the processing treatment on the shelf life and quality. The results indicated that diet plays a large role in determining the level of saturation of pork fat, but there are many factors other than the degree of saturation that can impact the quality of ground pork products and lead to product deterioration. Also, the results showed an improvement in shelf life of the products when the antioxidant, rosemary, was added. This research will allow producers and processors to better understand the relationship between the swine diet and meat and fat quality. Also, these results showed that current additives used in swine production, including dried distillers grains with solubles, can be fed without severe negative impacts of product quality.