jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
KTF-1, a transcriptional activator of Xenopus embryonic keratin expression

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Nuclear extracts from embryos of Xenopus laevis were shown to contain a protein activity, KTF-1, which binds in vitro to the promoter of the embryonic, epidermisspecific keratin gene, XK81A1. Mobility shift assays, methylation interference and footprinting analysis were used to show that the KTF-1 binding site contains an imperfect, palindromic sequence, ACCCTGAGGCT. This sequence occurs once in the XK81A1 promoter, 152-162 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site. A construct of the keratin gene in which this sequence was altered so that it no longer binds KTF-1 in vitro showed severely reduced transcription levels upon injection into Xenopus embryos, but retained epidermal specificity. Addition of KTF-1 binding sites also enhanced epidermal and non-epidermal activity of a heterologous promoter, Xenopus /J-globin, in embryos. These results suggest that KTF-1 is a general activator of embryonic keratin transcription, which acts in concert with other factors to produce high levels of epidermisspecific expression.
Sustainability rating tools - a snapshot study

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Worldwide, there are over one hundred tools dealing with various aspects of sustainability. The aspects of sustainability included in the rating tools are different, as are the stages at which rating tools are used in the planning and design, and post construction stages of different building types. This paper presents a snapshot of various rating tools for sustainability nationally and internationally and presents rating tools that are relevant for Australia. The research process was a literature review using various primary and secondary sources, including the internet. The Building Code of Australia determines minimum regulatory standards for buildings nationally. However, there are state based variations covered in the Building Code of Australia Appendices for various jurisdictions around Australia. The paper explains which rating tools are required to meet the minimum standards for certification and which represent best practice. The first section is the introduction where the role of the BCA and the ABCB is explained. This is followed by a brief overview of the rating tools globally. The next section describes Australian tools and reviews what is available in the residential sector followed by voluntary tools and product and LCA tools. This is followed by discussions and conclusion. A &#039;Rating Tools Rundown&#039; is presented as Appendix A, which captures the intent of relevant Australian tools and their applications.
Physical layer considerations for wireless sensor networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Wireless sensor networks have characteristics that are different from traditional wireless networks. For example, nodes have more severe power constraints, although they may transmit at shorter distances and lower data rates. A variety of physical layer wireless transmission technologies are used in traditional wireless networks. In this paper, we consider the specific physical layer requirements of wireless sensor networks, taking into consideration the particular characteristics and usage scenarios of wireless sensor networks. We find that spread spectrum technologies meet the requirements much better than narrowband technologies. Furthermore, ultra-wideband technologies are found to be a promising emerging alternative.
A qualitative and quantitative account of patient’s experiences of ketamine and its antidepressant properties

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Ketamine is central to one of the most rapidly growing areas of neuroscientific research into novel treatments for depression. Limited research has indicated that the psychedelic properties of ketamine may play a role in its antidepressant effects. Aim: The aim of the current study was to explore the psychedelic experiences and sustained impact of ketamine in major depressive disorder. Methods: In the current study, ketamine (0.44 mg/kg) was administered to 32 volunteers with major depressive disorder in a crossover design with the active-placebo remifentanil, in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) environment. The 11-dimension altered states of consciousness questionnaire and individual qualitative interviews were used to capture the acute psychedelic experience. The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and further interviewing explored lasting effects. The second qualitative interview took place ⩾3 weeks post-ketamine. Results: Greater antidepressant response (reduction in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale at 24 h) correlated with the 11-dimension altered states of consciousness dimensions: spirituality, experience of unity, and insight. The first qualitative interview revealed that all participants experienced perceptual changes. Additional themes emerged including loss of control and emotional and mood changes. The final interview showed evidence of a psychedelic afterglow, and changes to perspective on life, people, and problems, as well as changes to how participants felt about their depression and treatments. Conclusions: The current study provides preliminary evidence for a role of the psychedelic experience and afterglow in ketamine’s antidepressant properties. Reflexive thematic analysis provided a wealth of information on participants’ experience of the study and demonstrated the psychedelic properties of ketamine are not fully captured by commonly used questionnaires.
Coil dimensions of poly(2-vinylnaphthalene) in solution and their influence on triplet photophysics

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoil dimensions of poly(2-vinylnaphthalene) in solution and their influence on triplet photophysicsThomas J. K. S. Siu and Richard D. BurkhartCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 1, 336–341Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00191a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00191a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Supplementary Note and Supplementary Figs. 1-8 from Modeling Resistance and Recurrence Patterns of Combined Targeted–Chemoradiotherapy Predicts Benefit of Shorter Induction Period

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>SN: Implementation of Deaths from Comorbidities and Failure Rates, Hazard Ratio Calculation & Kaplan Meier Analysis, CRT Model Parameter Calibration, TKI Model Parameter Calibration, Model Validation Against Clinical Trials, Multimodal Target-Chemoradiotherapy Treatment Modeling, Statistical Power Estimation, Robustness of Results to Pre-existing Resistance and Persistence; SF1: Full Parameter Space Analysis of Model Calibration; SF2: Model Simulated PFS for WT and EGFR+ Populations Receiving Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy; SF3: Histograms of Model Parameters for Simulated Population; SF4: Model Predicted Local versus Distant Recurrence Patterns Receiving Sequential Versus Concurrent Chemotherapy; SF5: Model Predictions of Full Multimodal Treatment Design Space; SF6: Table of Outcomes for Complete Multimodal Treatment Design Parameter Space; SF7: Estimated Power of Varying Induction Length on PFS as a Function of Sample Size; SF8: Effect of Pre-existing Resistance and Persistence on Benefit of Shorter Induction</p>
Cloning and construction of plant expression vector of aiiA gene from Bacillus thuringiensis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

N-acyl-homoserine lactones(AHLs) is the crucial signal molecule when the gram-negative bacteria infects hose.The AHL-Lactonase expressed by aiiA gene which widespread in Bacillus thuringiensis,can hydrolyze AHLs.The study cloned the aiiA gene from Bacillus subtilis by PCR.The sequence analysis indicated that the clone was consisted of 751 nucleotides(nt),which coding 250 amino acids.The nucleotide sequence showed 89%~97% identities with those of the aiiA gene that have reported.A plant expression vector of the aiiA gene was constructed.This work laid the foundations for future transgenic research on aiiA gene function.
ß-adrenoblockers in essential hypertension: Overview of the third millenium

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The paper presents the data available in the literature and the authors' findings on the role of ß-blockers in the treatment of arterial hypertension, on negative metabolic effects, and ways of their overcome The advantages of nebivolol in the treatment of essential hypertension are demonstrated The data of the SENIORS study on the beneficial effects in the treatment of elderly patients with heart failure are given
Abstract 2649: A new role for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as a proximal mediator of immune checkpoints (PD-L1/2 and IDO1) in non-small cell lung cancer: Insights into an interferon-induced, LncRNA-and JAK/STAT-mediated signaling pathway

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the second most common cancer and accounts for ~127,000 deaths/year in the U.S. Its current ~30% five-year survival rate is an improvement from a decade ago thanks in part to the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors including PD1- and PD-L1-specific monoclonal antibodies. While PD-1/PD-L1-targeted immunotherapy is effective in many cases, not all patients respond and complete remissions still only occur in a minority of patients. Therefore, a greater understanding of immune checkpoint regulation in human NSCLC is needed. Here, we investigated a novel role for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), an environmental carcinogen receptor previously associated with smoking-induced lung cancers, in the regulation of immune checkpoints PD-L1, PD-L2, and IDO1. Computational analyses of existing databases for protein-protein interactions linked to the AhR signaling pathway suggested crosstalk between the AhR, type I and type II Interferon (IFN), and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. AhR deletion from human lung A549 adenocarcinoma cells significantly reduced expression of JAK2, STAT1, STAT2, and the JAK/STAT signaling targets IRF1 and IRF9. Type II IFNγ significantly increased expression of those genes as well as the immune checkpoints IDO1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 in an AhR-dependent fashion. Interestingly, AhR deletion also eliminated IFNγ-mediated induction of a recently described long non-coding RNA, INCR1, which is encoded across the CD274/CD273 locus, and which facilitates JAK2, CD274/PD-L1, and IDO1 translation. Concomitantly, AhR knockout increased baseline expression of an RNA-binding protein, HNRNPH1, known to sequester JAK2 and CD274 mRNA thereby reducing IDO, PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression. Similarly, the AhR was shown to regulate Type I IFNα-mediated induction of STAT1, STAT2, CD274/PD-L1, and CD273/PD-L2. The data indicate that IFN induction of key immune checkpoints in lung adenocarcinoma cells is dependent on the AhR through its control of a conventional JAK/STAT pathway and an unconventional lncRNA (INCR1) and RNA-binding protein (HNRNPH1) pathway. Citation Format: Brian Lara, Megan Snyder, Zhongyan Wang, Jocelyn Fimbres, Eric Yang, David H. Sherr. A new role for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as a proximal mediator of immune checkpoints (PD-L1/2 and IDO1) in non-small cell lung cancer: Insights into an interferon-induced, LncRNA-and JAK/STAT-mediated signaling pathway [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2649.
Abuse of socrates in today's classroom: A review

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Socrates, the Greek scholar, is viewed to act as an illustration of a splendid instructor in a scope of settings, from primary school discussions to school theory classes to graduate school. I check out a couple of contemporary instances of Socratic instructing and point out disparities. I examine contemporary Socratic teachers, such as Mortimer, with a critical eye. Adler and I discuss how Vivian Gussin Paley, a well-known primary school teacher, enacts the Socratic tradition in a unique manner. I trust that the most well-known abuse, or misuse, of the Socratic heritage happens when his educating is seen similarly as an instructive strategy without setting and incongruity. The title of my paper is a shrewd parody of Friedrich Nietzsche's exemplary article, History's Use and Abuse. Nietzsche centered his look to his own general public in that book, decrying what he referred to its as “dangerous chronicled fever.” He accepted that basically considering the past, especially by narcissistic scholastics, was not a necessary utilization of verifiable practice. Information on the past should help both the present and the future, rather than turning into a theoretical thing without the setting that gave it life.
The supplementation of dietary selenium yeast and green tea‐derived polyphenols improves antioxidant capacity and immune response in juvenile Wuchang bream under ammonia stress

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In order to investigate protective effects of dietary selenium yeast and green tea-derived polyphenols on ammonia stress, healthy Wuchang bream juveniles (3.24 ± 0.08 g) were fed basal diets and three treatment diets supplemented with 0.50 mg/kg selenium yeast, 50 mg/kg green tea-derived polyphenols, and combination of 0.50 mg/kg selenium yeast and 50 mg/kg green tea-derived polyphenols, respectively. After a 60-day feeding, fish were exposed to 22.5 mg/L total ammonia nitrogen for 48 hr. The results showed that total antioxidant capacity, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the serum were higher in three treatment groups than in control group before and after ammonia exposure (p < .05), while serum cortisol was lower in three treatment groups (p < .05). Similarly, the content and mRNA levels of splenic interleukin 1β, tumour necrosis factor α and immunoglobulin M showed significant increases in three treatment groups in relative to the controls (p < .05). Splenic lesions for three treatment groups were less severe, and the healing process of the lesions was faster than the control group after ammonia exposure. These findings demonstrated that single and combined supplementation of selenium yeast and green tea-derived polyphenols could enhance antioxidant and immune responses to alleviate oxidative stress and damage by ammonia. Overall, the combination of selenium yeast and green tea-derived polyphenols has a potential use as a preventive or therapeutic measure in ammonia-exposed fish.
Using an ocean culture course to improve students’ marine life concepts and learning interest

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an ocean culture course using the TRIP learning model (Triggered situational interest-Reading-Inquiry-Presentation) in enhancing students’ marine life concepts and learning interests. The participants consisted of 67 first graders (6 years old). A quasi-experimental design was employed, and the mixed methods analysis was used in this study. The results indicated that the experimental group students’ concepts of marine life were improved with a large effect size ( d = 1.4), and they outperformed their counterparts with a large effect size ( f = 0.40). The students’ learning interest in marine ecological conservation concepts was improved with a medium effect size ( d = 0.53), and they outperformed their counterparts with a large effect size ( f = 0.54). The results revealed that using the TRIP learning model for marine education improved the teaching of the teachers who taught the experiment group. Moreover, the model enhanced the effectiveness of the students’ learning interest in understanding marine life and marine ecological conservation concepts. Finally, some suggestions for further teaching and research were provided.
Distinctive Features of 3‐Acetyl‐ and 3‐Benzoyl‐Isocoumarins’ Interaction with Active Primary Amines

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Isoquinolones and isoquinolines are crucial natural and synthetic heterocyclic compounds exhibiting a range of biological activities. A less explored strategy for the recyclization of isocoumarins to isoquinolones involves the transformation of 1 H ‐isochromen‐1‐ones with a carbonyl group at position 3 using primary amines. This study presents a straightforward one‐pot protocol for the recyclization of 3‐acetyl‐ and 3‐benzoylisocoumarins into their corresponding isoquinolone derivatives using structurally diverse primary amines. This provides versatile and scalable routes for accessing a variety of 2‐R‐isoquinolin‐1(2 H )‐ones. Interestingly, the acyl group also reacted with the hydroxyl group of 2‐aminoethanol, leading to the simultaneous formation of 3,4‐dihydro[1,4]oxazino[4,3‐ b ]isoquinolin‐6(1 H )‐ones alongside lactone recyclization. Moreover, the recyclization process was accompanied by more complex alternative cyclizations, including an oxidative‐reductive stage. For instance, the recyclization of isocoumarins with benzylamine resulted in the formation of isochromeno[3,4‐ c ]pyrroles, whereas with glycine derivatives, 1,2‐dihydro‐6 H ‐pyrazino[1,2‐ b ]isoquinolin‐3,6(4 H )‐diones were obtained.
Initial Mechanism and Kinetics of Diesel Incomplete Combustion: ReaxFF Molecular Dynamics Based on a Multicomponent Fuel Model

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This work attempts to investigate the incomplete combustion of a multicomponent fuel model using ReaxFF-MD simulations. The main products of incomplete combustion simulation included H2, CO, H2O, and CO2. Temperatures produced different effects on different products. At lower temperatures, a larger increasing rate of the number of products was found at a later stage, whereas the increasing rate of the number of products would be diminished over time at higher temperatures. The pressure-dependent simulations indicated that the high pressure could promote the combustion process, especially the production of H2. The analysis of mechanisms and pathways of the combustion process indicated that the C–C bond dissociation dominated the early stage of the combustion mechanism of paraffin, whereas isomerization, H-abstraction, and C–C bond formation were observed in other systems. Ethylene (C2H4) was the product of β-scission of paraffin and naphthene, whereas ethyne (C2H2) was the product of β-scission of aromatic structures. A huge fluctuation range was observed in the variation trends of •OH and ••CH2, which revealed the high reactivity of these two radicals. Besides, collision was the main reason for the initial formation of coke instead of thermal deposition in the gas phase under extremely high temperatures. This work further suggests that ReaxFF-MD is a promising approach for investigating the combustion behavior of hydrocarbon models at high temperatures.
Denise Chavez: Chicana Woman Writer Crossing Borders: An Interview

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

New Mexico professor, poet, playwright, performing artist, short story writer and novelist, Denise Chvez is the author of The Last of the Menu Girls,' The Woman Who Knew the Language of the Animals,2 and Face of an Angel.3 Her second novel, Loving Pedro Infante, will be published this year by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Her plays have been produced across the United States and at Edinburgh, Scotland. She has published a number of poems and short stories, most notably in Chicana Creativity and Criticism4 and in the Norton Anthology ofAmerican Literature. Much of what CMvez writes might be considered performative. In fact, she refers to herself as a performance writer. CMvez's The Last of the Menu Girls, a collection of short stories, reads like a novel because the stories are so closely related. These seven stories describe the coming-of-age of a Chicana girl who works in a hospital and ultimately chooses to become an actress. Her second work The Woman Who Knew the Language of Animals, a theatrical piece, is a magical fable for children about getting along in an ethnically, culturally and linguistically diverse world.
U.S. hydropower resource assessment for Alaska

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The US Department of Energy is developing an estimate of the undeveloped hydropower potential in the US. The Hydropower Evaluation Software (HES) is a computer model that was developed by the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory for this purpose. HES measures the undeveloped hydropower resources available in the US, using uniform criteria for measurement. The software was developed and tested using hydropower information and data provided by the Southwestern Power Administration. It is a menu-driven program that allows the personal computer user to assign environmental attributes to potential hydropower sites, calculate development suitability factors for each site based on the environmental attributes present, and generate reports based on these suitability factors. This report describes the resource assessment results for the State of Alaska.
Optimal Treatment for Intermediate- and High-Risk, Nonmuscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

According to clinical and pathological factors the prognosis of a patient with non-muscle invasive bladder tumors can be assessed. The prognosis is determined by the likelihood of recurrence(30-70%) and/or progression to muscle invasive bladder cancer(1-15%).Trans urethral resection of bladder tumors remains the initial therapy but adjuvant intravesical instillations are necessary.All patients benefit from a single immediate post operative instillation with a chemotherapeutic agent and for low risk tumors this is the optimal therapy.Patients with intermediate and high risk tumors need more intravesical chemo-or immunotherapy. Chemotherapy reduces recurrences but not progression. Intravesical immunotherapy(BCG) prevents or delays progression. Patients at high risk for progression may need upfront cystectomy.