jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Nothing gained: An explorative study of the long‐term effects of perceived maternal feeding practices on women's and men's adult BMI, body image dissatisfaction, and disordered eating

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The objective of the studies presented here was the prediction of adult body mass index (BMI), body image dissatisfaction, and disordered eating from recalled maternal child feeding practices. Studies 1 and 2 sampled women from the community, and found that recalled childhood feeding practices predicted both current BMI and current disordered eating. Daughters whose mothers pressured them to eat as children had lower BMIs as adults. The more a mother was concerned about her daughter's weight as a child, and the more she restricted fatty food intake, the less the woman was satisfied with her current body image. Disordered eating of adult women was positively related to their mothers' restriction of their fatty food intake as children, and negatively related to the mothers' monitoring of their food intake as children. Combining the samples and subdividing them into four BMI intervals showed that the obese women were higher on all but one of the recalled maternal child feeding practices, as well as on disordered eating and body dissatisfaction. Age was found to be positively related to BMI and drive for thinness, but not to body dissatisfaction or disordered eating, with older women having higher BMI and more drive for thinness. Study 3 sampled adult men from the community and found that recalled maternal child feeding practices predicted adult BMI and disordered eating for men, as well as for women. Considerable sex differences were found for all study variables. Recollection of maternal child feeding practices may have a formative role in the development of body image, disordered eating, and BMI for men and women, even into adulthood.
Scientific application in the Islamic World: Advent of agriculture in Saudi Arabia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract – The paper explores a survey of texts as well as physical surveys in Saudi Arabia to establish the importance that the Islamic culture places on scientific and technological development, along with preserving traditions and culture. This has led them to become reasonably large producers of food grains, fruits, vegetables as well as horticultural plants. Also, industries around these produce have also been encouraged. The political turmoils of the region notwithstanding, the Islamic people are part of the great human endeavour of life. Key words: Islamic Agronomy, Nomadic Pastoralists, Rose Oils.
International Law, the United States, and the Non-military 'War' against Terrorism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Considerable attention is focused on the use of military force as a means of combating terrorism, whether it be in Afghanistan, Iraq or elsewhere However, the more dominant means for combating terrorism worldwide lies in non‐forcible measures undertaken by states. In this realm, states that might otherwise be inclined to pursue unilateral action, such as the United States, are forced to pursue cooperative strategies that rely considerably on international law and international institutions. This essay briefly assesses various non‐military initiatives undertaken by the United States — including criminal litigation and the imposition of economic sanctions on states and terrorist groups — so as to consider the broader question of whether, and if so how, international law and institutions are conditioning the behaviour of the United States. It demonstrates that, for various issues, US policy‐makers and courts use international law and institutions as a means of advancing US interests, and suggests that in doing so US behaviour is affected by the expectations of the global community as embodied in international legal norms.
The Three R’s: Reconstruction, Redemption, and Racism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

During the holocaust of African enslavement, black people had very little control over their minds and bodies. The rapes, sadistic beatings, separating and selling of families, along with other features of the system, worked to dehumanize African people and break their spirit.1 The notion of blacks one day controlling their own lives economically, socially, spiritually, and politically became an idea many whites could not conceive. Because of their exclusion from the political system, blacks had no influence in terms of decision making in Congress. However, as the abolitionist movement gained momentum and tension between the North and South came to a head, the voice of American blacks became heard. After the Civil War, which lasted only a few years, white Southerners' reality was turned upside down. Many of the things they never imagined they would see in their life-times concerning black people happened right before their eyes.KeywordsBlack PeopleWhite SupremacyTheological SeminaryRacist IdeologySouthern BlackThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Dynamic characteristic analysis and setting of characteristic parameters of differential under-voltage protection for HVDC transmission line

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Typical differential under-voltage protection has two characteristic parameters:the variation rate of voltage(d u / d t) and the low voltage level of HVDC transmission line( udl). Analysis shows:the response of du / d t to faults is slightly influenced by DC control system while that of udl is the adjustment result of DC control system against faults;du / dt responses to the faults of two polar lines more obviously than other out-zone faults,and udl responses to the faults of own and opposite polar lines quite differently. The logic and function of differential under-voltage protection are analyzed,as well as its coordination with other relay protections. The method for its setting is given and verified by a case study with EMTDC.
Shingles, Zostavax vaccination and risk of developing dementia: a nested case–control study—results from the UK Biobank cohort

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives To investigate the association between shingles and dementia, and between Zostavax vaccination and dementia. Design Nested case–control study. Settings Data were drawn from the UK Biobank cohort study with a total of 228 223 participants with Hospital Episodes Statistics and primary care linkage health records. Participants The analyses included 2378 incident dementia cases and 225 845 controls. Inclusion criteria for incident cases were a dementia diagnosis 3 years or more after the first assessment date derived from all sources including International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10, ICD-9, self-report and primary care linkage records. Subjects with no dementia code from all sources were coded as controls. Both shingles and Zostavax vaccination were investigated for their association with dementia risk. Results There was a small but non-significant increase in the risk of dementia in subjects with shingles diagnosed 3 years or more prior to dementia diagnosis (OR: 1.088 with 95% CI: 0.978 to 1.211). In those subjects who had had Zostavax vaccination, the risk of dementia significantly decreased (OR: 0.808 with 95% CI: 0.657 to 0.993). Conclusion A history of shingles was not associated with an increased risk of dementia. In subjects who were eligible for the immunisation and vaccinated with Zostavax, we saw reduced risk of developing dementia.
The effect of analog-to-digital (ADC) resolution on the performance of millimeter wave (mmW) communication system

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This reports aims at investigating the bit error rate (BER) performance of using the hybrid beamforming architecture for mmWave beamforming. It also investigates the possibilities of compromising the resolution of converters (source of much of the power consumption of the system) in hybrid mmWave MIMO system based on BER performance to determine the feasibility to further reduce cost from the converters.
FLEXIBILITY APPROACH FOR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF GROUPED-PILE FOUNDATION AND DESIGN PROPOSAL

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

本論文は, 群杭基礎の地盤との動的相互作用をフレキシビリティ法から, 3次元厳密解析を, リング杭近似解析をとり, 杭頭インピーダンスと有効入力動の算出法を示したものである. さらに例題解析から基盤入力時の杭基礎と上部構造物の慣性相互作用効果と地盤変形によるキネマッチックな相互作用を評価している. モデル化手法として, 地盤は薄層要素法からリング加振解によるグリーン関数を, 杭体は集中加振下のはり要素の伝達マトリックス計算からグリーン関数を評価している.
Interactive Exploration and Discovery of Scientific Publications with PubVis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With an exponentially growing number of scientific papers published each year, advanced tools for exploring and discovering publications of interest are becoming indispensable. To empower users beyond a simple keyword search provided e.g. by Google Scholar, we present the novel web application PubVis. Powered by a variety of machine learning techniques, it combines essential features to help researchers find the content most relevant to them. An interactive visualization of a large collection of scientific publications provides an overview of the field and encourages the user to explore articles beyond a narrow research focus. This is augmented by personalized content based article recommendations as well as an advanced full text search to discover relevant references. The open sourced implementation of the app can be easily set up and run locally on a desktop computer to provide access to content tailored to the specific needs of individual users. Additionally, a PubVis demo with access to a collection of 10,000 papers can be tested online.
Expression regulation of type III secretion system 2 in Vibrio parahaemolyticus by catabolite activator protein

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Vibrio parahaemolyticus has two sets of type III secretion systems that are major pathogenic factors: T3SS1 (cytotoxicity) and T3SS2 (enterotoxicity). V. parahaemolyticus mainly colonizes the distal small intestine after oral infection and may be exposed to carbon-limiting stress due to the lack of readily available carbohydrates in this environment. Catabolite activator protein (CAP), a transcription factor involved in carbon-limiting metabolism in many Gram-negative bacteria, is well known to be involved in the regulation of the expression of many virulence factors. In this study, we determined the effects of CAP on the expression of T3SSs in this bacterium. Based on a lactate dehydrogenase-based cytotoxicity assay, CAP was found to have a greater contribution to the expression of T3SS2-dependent cytotoxicity than to that of T3SS1. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR revealed decreased expression of many T3SS2-related genes, including vpa1348, in the cap gene deletion mutant compared to the parent strain. CAP was demonstrated to bind near the T-rich elements within the vpa1348 promoter region in an electrophoretic mobility shift assay and DNase I footprinting. CAP also enhanced the expression of vpa1348 in a β-galactosidase reporter assay. Collectively, these results suggest that CAP is involved in T3SS2-mediated virulence by regulating the expression of vpa1348 in V. parahaemolyticus.
Lithium in Soils and Plants of Western Transbaikalia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The content of lithium in soil-forming rocks, soils, and plants of forest-steppe, steppe, and dry-steppe landscapes of Transbaikalia has been studied. The mean Li content is 1.1 times higher in soil-forming rocks than the natural abundance (clarke) of this element in the Earth crust and is 1.1–1.3 times higher in the studied soils as compared to the clarke of this element in soils of the world. The Li content in soils is closely related to its amount in soil-forming rocks, while its correlation with the soil humus and Li concentration in plants is absent. Spatial and vertical distribution patterns of Li in soils of the studied landscapes are described. According to the coefficients of the biological uptake of Li by steppe, meadow, and agrogenic cenoses from soils (1.2–2.4), this element is assigned to the group of moderate accumulation. The mean Li content in steppe and meadow plants and crops is 1.3–2.3 times higher than its average content in terrestrial vegetation. Lithium concentrations reach toxic values (5–15 mg/kg) in plants of eight test plots in meadow cenoses. The accumulation of Li per unit area in the meadow vegetation is 10.5 times higher than that in the dry-steppe vegetation.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY MANAGEMENT

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The new generation of corporate leaders, wish to have optimisation of profits rather than the maximisation of profit. Hence there is a shift from accountability to shareholders to accountability to stakeholders (including employees, consumers and affected communities). There is a growing realisation that long-term business success can only be achieved by companies that recognise that the economy is an open subsystem of the earth’s ecosystem, which is finite, non-growing and materially closed. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is defined as the voluntary activities undertaken by a company to operate in an economic, social and environmentally sustainable manner- company’s sense of responsibility towards the community and environment (both ecological and social) in which it operates. Companies express this citizenship through their waste and pollution reduction processes, by contributing educational and social programs and by earning adequate returns on the employed resources. Simultaneously the corporate social responsibility management concept should also be taken into consideration to achieve better result from CSR practices.
Studies on Quality Standards for Jiangmeiling Capsule

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

OBJECTIVE To set up the quality standards for Jiangmeiling capsule.METHODS Schisandra was identified by TCL ,and the content of -schisandrin in Jiangmeiling capsule was determined by UV Spectrophotometry.RESULTS The content of -schisandrin was 3.35mg·pill -1 , and the average recovery rate was 103.3%,RSD was 3.94%.CONCLUSION The methods in this article are stable and reliable, simple and rapid,which can be used as the index of quality control.
A family of transmembrane microneme proteins ofToxoplasma gondiicontain EGF-like domains and function as escorters

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

TgMIC6, TgMIC7, TgMIC8 and TgMIC9 are members of a novel family of transmembrane proteins localized in the micronemes of the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. These proteins contain multiple epidermal growth factor-like domains, a putative transmembrane spanning domain and a short cytoplasmic tail. Sorting signals to the micronemes are encoded in this short tail. We established previously that TgMIC6 serves as an escorter for two soluble adhesins, TgMIC1 and TgMIC4. Here, we present the characterization of TgMIC6 and three additional members of this family, TgMIC7, -8 and -9. Consistent with having sorting signals localized in its C-terminal tail,TgMIC6 exhibits a classical type I membrane topology during its transport along the secretory pathway and during storage in the micronemes. TgMIC6 is processed at the N-terminus, probably in the trans-Golgi network, and the cleavage site has been precisely mapped. Additionally, like other members of the thrombospondin-related anonymous protein family, TgMIC2, TgMIC6 and TgMIC8 are proteolytically cleaved near their C-terminal domain upon discharge by micronemes. We also provide evidence that TgMIC8 escorts another recently described soluble adhesin, TgMIC3. This suggests that the existence of microneme protein complexes is not an exception but rather the rule. TgMIC6 and TgMIC8 are expressed in the rapidly dividing tachyzoites, while TgMIC7 and TgMIC9 genes are predominantly expressed in bradyzoites, where they presumably also serve as escorters.
Knee Reconstruction following Sarcoma Resection Utilizing Pedicled Anterolateral Thigh Propeller Flap: A Case Series

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary: Coverage of knee wounds with exposure or violation of the joint capsule has long been a challenge to plastic surgeons. Wide resection and radiation treatment for soft-tissue sarcomas further this difficulty due to resultant diminished vascularity and soft tissue fibrosis. Traditional muscle flaps such as the gastrocnemius may be within the radiated field, limiting their arc of rotation to the knee. We present a series of exposed knee joint reconstructions using pedicled propeller flaps after sarcoma resection. Three patients diagnosed with soft tissue sarcomas underwent neoadjuvant radiation followed by wide local resection by orthopedic oncology. All patients had underlying knee joint exposure and underwent successful soft tissue reconstruction utilizing pedicled anterolateral thigh (ALT) propeller flaps. The ALT flap is widely used in plastic surgery for reconstruction of soft tissue defects due to its reliable vascularity, long pedicle, versatility, low donor-site morbidity, and large size. As a propeller flap, we demonstrate this is a viable alternative for reconstruction when the vascular plexus around the knee is unreliable after neoadjuvant radiation. Extending the ALT propeller flap with a large proximal skin paddle provides a nonmicrosurgical alternative to traditional muscle flaps at this location. The ALT propeller flap is an excellent option for reconstruction of large defects of the knee, especially in the setting of a radiated wound bed with unpredictable vascularity. In our case series, all three patients underwent successful reconstruction of exposed knee joints after resection of soft tissue sarcoma utilizing ALT propeller flaps.
Amoebicidal efficiencies of various diamidines against two strains of Acanthamoeba polyphaga

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The first medical cure of Acanthamoeba keratitis was obtained by use of propamidine isethionate. Since then, it has been the basic drug recommended for use in treatment. Because some Acanthamoeba strains have been reported to be resistant to propamidine and propamidine was found to be only weakly cysticidal, superior homologs such as butamidine, pentamidine, hexamidine, heptamidine, octamidine, and nonamidine were tested for their amoebicidal effects on two Acanthamoeba strains isolated from patients with keratitis. Trophozoicidal and cysticidal efficiencies were found to be increased from propamidine to nonamidine; i.e., when the alkyl chain connecting the two benzene rings in their molecular structures was elongated, in comparison with propamidine, hexamidine and octamidine were the most amoebicidal molecules. As a result of these data, a kinetic study carried out on propamidine, hexamidine, and octamidine demonstrated that the amoebicidal effects resulted from two events: the diffusion of molecules through the plasma membrane or the double wall of trophozoites or cysts, respectively, and the lethal effects of molecules on amoebic protoplasm. The diffusion kinetics were increased when the alkyl chain was elongated, i.e., with an increase in the lipophilic properties of molecules. In contrast, the lethal effect kinetics were found to be unchanged by this elongation, indicating that they originated from the cationic surface-active properties induced by the protonated amidine groups attached to each benzene ring, which themselves remained unchanged from one molecule to the other. These results strongly advocate the immediate replacement of propamidine by hexamidine in the medical treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis; in France, 0.1% hexamidine eyedrops are available (Desomedine). The results also advocate clinical investigations on the efficiency and toxicity of octamidine, which appears to be the most amoebicidal diamidine in vitro.
Digital Twins in Healthcare System: Communication between Society and Law

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The use of digital twin technology is aimed at revolutionizing the healthcare system, which would allow testing treatment with a human's digital twin, forecasting the course of diseases, observing a body's reaction to the medication or operation applied. This, in turn, will shape the effective level of communications between medical workers and patients. As the use of this technology is still at the initial stage of development, we should pay considerable attention to its legal regulation in order not to hinder the innovative development or establish control over it by the state, on the one hand, and – on the other hand – to prevent risks and threats from its use, to prevent and suppress illegal acts in this area, which may arise with the technology introduction, and to select the most effective model of legal regulation of such legal relations. Objective. To study possible directions of digital twins' application in healthcare; to assess the state of legal regulation of these social relations and the level of communication between society and law, as well as to identify the risks of using digital technology in healthcare. Methods. In the research process, general scientific (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction) and specific scientific methods of scientific cognition were used.
Distributed trajectory tracking and formation control without velocity measurements by the notion of prior bounded local neighborhood synchronization error

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper investigates the robust consensus tracking and formation control problems of multiple second-order systems having exogenous disturbances and no velocity measurements. To account for the input saturation constraint in controller design, a novel notion of local neighborhood synchronization error is proposed, which is obtained using generalized saturation functions and can be regarded as a nonlinear variation of the well-known linear local neighborhood synchronization error. An important property of the notion is proved and then a continuous distributed controller is designed using it. To improve the robustness of the controller with respect to exogenous disturbance, a disturbance estimator–based design and a simple parameter mapping for parameter tuning are proposed. The resulting error system is proven to be small-signal [Formula: see text] stable and input-to-output stable. In particular, the synchronization errors and tracking errors converge asymptotically to zero if the disturbances converge to some constants. By the parameter mapping, the steady-state synchronization errors and tracking errors can be made arbitrarily small. The control scheme is finally modified to adapt to formation control applications by adding the desired position deviation from the leader’s trajectory. The performance of the scheme is demonstrated by the simulation results.