jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ocular hyperintense acute reperfusion marker

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hyperintense signal within the subarachnoid space (SAS), visualized on delayed postcontrast fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) in MRI, is proposed to be caused by early blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown due to ischemia,1 and must be differentiated from subarachnoid hemorrhage. Reperfusion is the strongest independent predictor of early BBB disruption following ischemia and the phenomenon is described as hyperintense acute reperfusion marker (HARM).2 We present a case of hyperintense signal …
Two choices for the functionalization of silica nanoparticles with gallic acid: characterization of the nanomaterials and their antimicrobial activity against Paenibacillus larvae

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Silica nanoparticles attached to gallic acid were synthesized from 7-nm diameter fumed silica particles by different functionalization methods involving the condensation of hydroxyl or carboxyl groups. The particles were characterized by thermal analyses and UV–vis, FTIR, NMR, and EPR spectroscopies. In comparison to free gallic acid, enhanced stability and increased antimicrobial activity against Paenibacillus larvae were found for the functionalized nanoparticles. Thus, both derivatization strategies result in improved properties of the natural polyphenol as antimicrobial agent for the treatment of honeybee pathologies.
Premières observations de quatre espèces de poissons allochtones à Rafraf (Nord-Est de la Tunisie)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Many species of fishes, originated from Indo-Pacific Ocean, have penetrated the Mediterranean Sea via Suez Channel. Mainly are occurred at the eastern Mediterranean area, some ones are arrived at the western Mediterranean basin as these 4 species: , , and recorded, for the first time, at Rafraf locality. These observations confirm the extension of the geographical distribution of these species to the western Mediterranean area.
Damage produced by the free electron laser

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The first damage experiments produced by a Free Electron Laser were conducted at the Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF). In the past, only large scale laser experiments were thought to properly model lasers for weapons applications. Scaled down procedures developed in this thesis allowed the FEL, with a few hundred watts of power, to characterize the damage produced by a megawatt weapon's scale laser. With a power density of 10 kW/cm2, the TJNAF FEL bombards targets with a steady stream of tens of millions of pulses per second. Each pulse contains 50 MW of power in short bursts lasting 4 x 10.14 seconds each. No previous laser experiments have been conducted to explore the effects of the FEL short pulses. Target materials were obtained from the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC), Port Hueneme. Data were collected and analyzed using video cameras and optical microscopes, and irradiated at TJNAF. This thesis was a productive cooperation between NPS, TJNAF, and NSWC Port Hueneme, to the benefit of DOD
AUTHENTICITY OF DIGITAL INFORMATION IN THE INTERNET ERA

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract - In legal terms authentic is defined as duly vested with all necessary formalities and legally attested; competent, credible, and reliable evidence. Information generally has bias; therefore, authenticity is not limited to verifying authorship and diplomatics of a document. In fact it includes attributes such as completeness, accuracy, trustworthiness, correctness, validity, integrity, faithfulness, originality, meaningfulness, and suitability for an intended purpose.
This paper deals with authenticity of digital information in the internet due to the availability of the lacks of information are present in the web.
Keyword: Integrity, Validity, & Suitability, etc.
VOLATILE COMPONENTS OF ONCOBA SPINOSA LEAF AND MORUS MESOZYGIA LEAF AND STEM BARK

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The essential oils of Oncoba spinosa leaf and Morus mesozygia leaf and stem bark were extracted using hydrodistillation and analyzed by means of Gas chromatography (GC) and GC coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The yields of the essential oils were; 0.50 %, 0.165 %, and 0.456 % respectively for Oncoba spinosa leaf, Morus mesozygia leaf, and stem oil. A total of twenty-eight, thirty-four and twenty compounds representing 92.0%, 92.0%, and 96.9% of the total oil contents were identified, respectively from the leaf of O. spinosa, leaf, and stem oil of M. mesozygia. Leaf oil of O. spinosa contained linalool (22.1 %), ȕ – caryophyllene (18.7 %), caryophyllene oxide (10.6 %) and pentadecanal (5.6 %) as the main constituents. M. mesozygia leaf oil was dominated with ȕ – elemene (11.7 %), (E) –ȕ- ionone (12.4 %), Į- selinene (5.1 %), germacrene A (6.0 %), į – cadinene (4.7 %) and spathulenol (7.4 %) while M. mesozygia stem oil had 2 –dodecanone (77%) and hexahydrofarnesylacetone (13 %) as its main constituents.
Effects of Gsh2 silencing on hedgehog pathway factors in pancreatic cancer cell SW1990

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective
To investigate the effect of Gsh2 silencing on the sonic hedgehog (Shh) and GLI1 gene expression, which are the key factors of hedgehog pathway in human pancreatic cancer cell SW1990.

Methods
Three shRNAs tagerting Gsh2 (Gsh2-shRNA) were constructed and were inserted into pLKO.1 puro vector by double digestion with restriction enzyme, the empty vector without shRNA was used as a negative control. After plasmid amplification, plasmids DNA was extracted, and underwent electrophoretic separation and sequencing by double digestion. After confirmation by gene sequencing, plasmid was transfected into the human pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990, then real time PCR was used to detect the Gsh2 mRNA expression, and the plasmid with best silencing effect was selected to transfect the SW1990 cells, real time PCR and Western blot were respectively used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of the key factor in hedgehog pathway(Gsh2, Shh, Gli1).

Results
The gene sequencing of the 3 recombinant plasmids showed that Gsh2-shRNA were correctly constructed. If the mRNA expression of empty vector transfection cells was 1, the Gsh 2 mRNA expressions of SW1990 cells which were transfected by recombinant Gsh2-shRNA-1, Gsh2-shRNA-2, Gsh2-shRNA-3 were 0.41±0.02, 0.22±0.043, 0.53±0.03, and Gsh2-shRNA-2 had the best silencing effect. If the mRNA or protein expression of empty vector transfection cells was 1, the Gsh2, Shh, Gli1 mRNA expressions of cells with Gsh2-shRNA-2 transfection were 0.12±0.02, 0.97±0.13, 0.19±0.03, and the protein expressions were 0.55±0.12, 0.74±0.06, 0.53±0.09. The Gsh2, Gli1 mRNA and protein expressions with Gsh2-shRNA-2 transfection were significantly down-regulated when compared with those of empty vector transfection cells, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.01 or <0.05).

Conclusions
Gsh2 gene silence in pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 can repress the expression of GLI1 in hedgehog pathway without affecting Shh expression.

Key words:
Pancreatic neoplasms; Genes, homeobox; Gene silencing; Hedgehog pathway; GS homeobox 2
OL-042 Asymptomatic bacterial STD screening: experience from an inner city HIV clinic

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Subjects infected with HIV through MTCT or during infancy, and now reaching adulthood, form an emerging, little described population characterized by young age but long exposure to HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART).Methods: Single-center review of patients transferred from pediatrics to the adults department for HIV infection, last visit and analysis at February 2008.Results: 14/50 patients had experienced AIDS-defining events before transfer, with a mean CD4 nadir at 7.4±7.0%and a plasma HIV RNA zenith at 4.9lg copies/ml.At the time of transfer, 49/50 patients were on ART, 40% of them had a viral load<1.6lg,and mean CD4 was 423±291 (21.2%).Since transfer, 2 patients died, 10 AIDS-defining events occurred in 5 patients, and 8 were lost to follow-up.All events occurred in the 14 patients whose adherence to ART was chronically poor.After a median follow-up of 5 years in the adults department, among the 40 patients regularly attending visits, 90% had a Karnofsky index at 100% and 82.5% were either employed or students; 72.5% had a viral load<1.6lg,and the mean CD4 count was 559±350.Tolerance to ART was generally good, but 4 patients had clinical lipodystrophy, 4 had hyper-triglyceridemia and 7 had hypo-HDL cholesterolemia. Conclusion:In this large cohort of young adults infected though MTCT or during infancy, we found a good virological response with undetectable viral load in 72.5% and high CD4 counts in half of the patients.The issue of adherence is crucial in this population.
Photoperiod-Independent Actions of the Pineal Organ: Aspects of a Pineal Organ-Pancreas Relationship

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Previous evidence has demonstrated a relationship between the pineal organ and carbohydrate metabolism in goldfish Carassius auratus. Pinealectomy in this species causes a decrease in liver-glycogen stores, disappearance of the diurnal variation in liver-glycogen concentrations, and an increase in plasma glucose. These effects occur independently of photoperiod acclimation and are seasonal in nature. Results presented in this paper suggest that the pineal organ may regulate carbohydrate metabolism by altering insulin responsiveness in these animals. Goldfish that are pinealectomized during the spring resist insulin-induced hypoglycemia more than sham-operated animals. This insulin resistance is not induced by pineal-organ removal during late summer. Glucose-tolerance tests of pinealectomized animals during midwinter and late summer indicate that pineal-organ removal had little or no effect on insulin activity during these months. The seasonality of these responses coincides with the seasonality o...
Effects of Photoperiod on Growth and Peroxidase in Three Hybrid Poplars

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Three Populus hybrids (Tristis No. 1, Crandon, and Wisconsin No. 5) were grown for 5 weeks under 12- or 18- photoperiods in growth chambers. At four times during growth, dry weight and total peroxidase activity and isoenzyme expression were determined. The 12-h photoperiod resulted in less dry weight accumulation and height growth in all clones. Total peroxidase activity in the first mature internode was related to growth in the Crandon clone, whereas changes in the activity of specific anodic peroxidase isoenzymes were related to growth in the Tristis No. 1 and Wisconsin No. 5 clones.
Best Practice Patterns for Variant Modeling of Activities in Model-Based Systems Engineering

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Product line development practices have emerged in recent years as methods to increase variety in a family of products while also keeping development costs down. However, with higher complexity comes complex system models that are error-prone and time consuming to maintain. This article proposes two variant modeling patterns which, when used in the right context, can reduce complexity, eliminate many opportunities for error, and minimize development costs and maintenance effort. The 150% pattern, already commonly used in industry, capitalizes on commonality among variants. The encapsulation pattern promotes model organization and understandability. This article also introduces four comparison criteria-number of variation points, number of shared model elements, human readability, and model maintainability-that a system architect can use to determine which pattern is best suited to model a certain product family. The 150% pattern is found to be best to be used for product lines with high commonality among variants, whereas product lines whose variants exhibit much variety and are managed by multiple development teams are best modeled using the encapsulation pattern. A parking brake product family is used to illustrate each modeling pattern and provides a sample context against which to use the comparison criteria.
PERBANDINGAN STRUKTUR DAN KEWENANGAN DPR RI DENGAN DPD RI DALAM FUNGSI LEGISLASI

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

<p>Comparison of structure and authority of DPR RI with DPD RI related to legislation function can be seen from two side, that is philosophical and juridical side. DPR RI with DPD RI from the philosophical side is the incarnation of the representation of the whole people or the representation of the whole area of Indonesia at the central level, from the juridical side of the House of Representatives with DPD RI is a state institution regulated in Article 20 and Article 22D NRI 1945 Constitution. DPR RI with DPD RI related to the function of legislation is the pattern of work relationships that are functional. The constraints faced by the House of Representatives and the DPD RI related to the function of legislation is the Constraints that are institutional and constitutional. Institutional constraints are the obstacles that arise from within the body of the institution between the administrative system of the session, the results of legislation, budget, and supporting system that is less than the maximum, while the constraints are constitutional in terms of regulation of these constraints are often faced by DPD RI, the current arrangement is in Article 22D Paragraph (1) and (2), and the regulation in Law no. 2 Year 2018 About MD3 there is the addition of DPD RI can evaluate the draft law and local regulations (Article 249 J).</p>
Effects of blood flow on temperature elevation in ultrasonic interstitial hyperthermia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Localized heating achieved at very low acoustic powers with an interstitial ultrasonic applicator is reported for perfused and non-perfused porcine brain. The applicator consisted of a piezoelectric transducer driven in cw mode at about 1.0 MHz with the acoustic output fed via a conical velocity transformer into a waveguide in the form of G18 spinal needle, which was clad in an acoustic insulator except for exposed tip that served as an antenna. Cylindrical symmetry of the applicator was used to find a solution of the bioheat transfer equation in diffusion approximation. Measurements on the porcine brain of the anaesthetized and then sacrificed animal showed little influence of blood perfusion on the hyperthermic temperatures in the vicinity of the applicator. The observed effects of thermal wash-out were in qualitative agreement with the presented solution.
Ethnic Variations in Pet Attachment among Students at an American School of Veterinary Medicine

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract This study explores ethnic variations in animal companion ("pet") attachment among 133 students enrolled in a school of veterinary medicine. The 57 White and 76 African American participants completed surveys that included background information, several questions about their animal companions, and a pet attachment questionnaire (PAQ).White students had significantly higher PAQ scores than did African American students (p<.001). White students also had significantly more pets (M =4.05 vs. 2.18, p<.001) and more kinds of pets (M =2.30 vs. 1.57, p<.001) and were more likely to allow pets to sleep on their beds (70% vs. 53%, p<.05). Although keeping pets is a universal cultural phenomenon, how that attachment is expressed may vary from culture-to-culture. This study explores possible explanations and implications for these variations.
A ‘Multi-Voice’ Choir. Making Foreign Policy in Post-Maoist China

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As a result of the People’s Republic of China’s increasing interdependence with the global arena and developing foreign policy interests, the Chinese foreign policy‑making process has witnessed the emergence of a growing number of actors who wish to ‘have a say’ and attempt to influence the top leadership’s decisions. In this process, while the Chinese Communist Party, and in particular its highest body (the Politburo Standing Committee), has retained ultimate decision‑making power, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has confirmed its ‘secondary role’ as merely one actor ‘among the others,’ and not necessarily the most important one.
From Leader to Partner: Egypt's Declining Role in the Arab System (1952–2020)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Egypt's Arab identity began to crystallize in the inter-war years (1919–1939) as Egyptians became increasingly aware of their cultural and linguistic affinity with the Arab world. After independence in 1936, Egypt gradually assumed an increasingly central role in the emerging Arab system, and in 1945 Cairo became home to the headquarters of the newly established Arab League. Over the years, Egypt's central position in the Arab system was based on a combination of tangible assets such as military and human resources, and intangible ones such as geo-strategic location, regime legitimacy, domestic stability, pan-Arab ideology, cultural centrality, charismatic leadership, and a self-perception of Arab leadership. These attributes each weighed differently over time, yet their availability, coupled with Egypt's readiness to use them to wield its influence, ensured Egypt's central position in the Arab system.
1017 Feasibility and Acceptability of SHEETS: A New Digital Intervention for Enhancing Sleep Regularity in Adolescents

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction Adolescence is associated with irregular sleep patterns, which in turn increases risk of onset and maintenance of internalizing symptoms (e.g., anxiety) and externalizing behaviors (e.g., risk-taking). Behavioral sleep interventions targeting sleep regularity that are optimized for real-world practice settings and widespread dissemination are needed to support psychiatric wellness during this critical development period. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of Sustainable Habits for Encouraging Even Teen Sleep (SHEETS), a novel six-week digital intervention designed to target sleep regularity as a mechanism to support psychiatric health in adolescents. Methods Adolescents aged 12-14 (target N=50) were recruited from primary care clinics and community advertisements. Participants were randomized to receive 6 weeks of either the SHEETS intervention app (targeting sleep regularity) or an active control intervention app (targeting general health behaviors). Both apps included similar graphics, activities (e.g., videos, quizzes), and gaming/incentive structures. Both groups received a Garmin activity tracker, which communicated real-time feedback about either sleep regularity (SHEETS) or physical activity (control) via the app. Feasibility and acceptability metrics included retention rate, engagement with app content (number of activities completed/assigned), and participant report of intervention satisfaction. Results Of 54 adolescents randomized (45% female, 44% minoritized race/ethnicity), 50 completed their assigned digital intervention (retention rate, 93%), meeting the target enrollment goal. In both interventions, there were 25 completers of 27 assigned. On average, participants completed 80% (median: 91%) of the app activities for SHEETS and 85% (median: 94%) of the active control. Engagement did not differ between interventions (t(49)=.77, p=.45). The majority of participants rated the SHEETS intervention app as easy to use (88%), visually appealing (76%), and reported satisfaction with the Garmin device (88%); results were similar for the active control. Conclusion SHEETS is a new digital intervention that aims to support psychiatric health in adolescents by enhancing sleep regularity. Both SHEETS and the active control app were associated with high engagement and satisfaction, suggesting digital sleep interventions are feasible and acceptable for use with adolescents. Future analyses will assess the effectiveness of SHEETS compared to active control on improving sleep regularity and psychiatric health in adolescents. Support (if any) R34-MH-128440
Spatial Stability of Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) in a Small, Coastal Stream

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Spatial stability and local movement of a cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) population were studied from winter to late summer in a small, coastal stream. The majority of the population was static and resided within a home range < 22 m 2 , while a small fraction of the fish apparently was more mobile. Local movement was very restricted; 32.4% of the individually marked cutthroat were recaptured within 1 m of their original capture and marking site, and 48% remained within 3 m of that site. Only 17.9% of the fish moved more than 50 m. This behaviour was stable during winter, spring, and summer and may be of adaptive significance. Fish occupying pool areas moved considerably less than fish occupying shallow habitats, indicating that pool dwellers were dominant fish.
Negative Focus, Self-Doubt, and Issues of ‘Tool Proficiency’: Beginner-Coaches’ Reflections on Reflective Practice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract In the field of sports coaching education and learning, reflective practice is considered central to transforming experience and knowledge into expertise, and many governing bodies execute this through professional development and specific guidelines (Vallance, 2019). However, whilst the general consensus within academia and the vocational sector of coaching continue to espouse this approach, there is a lack of evidence to suggest how this is useful for beginner-coaches (defined as emerging-new, with less than three years of experience) as studies generally focus on expert coaches and oftentimes sit within the context of performance and/or elite sport. This study, therefore, aimed to explore the benefits and limitations of reflective practice, and to identify aspects of ideal learning for in-situ, practice-based context as perceived by beginner-coaches who operate more within recreational (although still competitive) sport fields. Situated within the UK context, the methodology comprised of semi-structured interviews conducted with six beginner-coaches. The findings demonstrated that whilst there were tangible benefits to the use of reflective practice (such as perceived additional competency and critical thinking), there were also limitations centred on time constraints, and an over-focus on negative emotions with a subsequent adverse impact on self-confidence and anxiety. The implications, including recommendations and thoughts for the future, are outlined within the paper.