jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Wound Tissue Classification with Convolutional Neural Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Pressure ulcers are the clinicopathology of local damage to the skin and underlying tissues caused by pressure, shear, or friction. Diagnosis, care, and treatment of pressure ulcers can be extremely expensive for healthcare systems. Reliable diagnosis and accurate assessment are critical to successful treatment decisions and, in some cases, to save the lives of patients. However, the current clinical evaluation procedures, which mainly focus on the visual inspection of the wounds, seem to be insufficiently accurate to accomplish this important task. In recent years, the use of machine learning and deep learning techniques has aimed at automating wound diagnosis and providing a solution to this issue. Despite the large number of studies in the field of clinical image segmentation and the proliferation of deep learning models, their application to wound diagnosis is not always as direct or effective as expected. Since the number of wound image samples available in a regular dataset is usually very small, the direct application of deep learning-based segmentation techniques is limited. In this work, we apply a strategy to counteract this issue by generating a significantly larger dataset, made up of the regions of interest (ROIs) extracted from the images and associated with the different areas of tissues present in the wounds. Thus for model training, hundreds of ROIs are generated from the ideal segmentation (ground truth) of each pressure ulcer image, where the label or class of the central pixel of each ROI is used to label the entire region. Later, a multiclass classification model based on convolutional networks is trained, where each region is classified into a class based on the severity of the area (tissue type). Finally, the final segmented image is reconstructed using the output of the neuronal model for each region. For model testing, overlapping regions are generated from each input image that is to be given to the model and are used to reconstruct the final segmented image. A small-size wound image dataset is utilized in this approach, consisting of 113 images of pressure ulcers in which five different tissue types can be found: skin, healing, granulation, slough, and necrosis. This dataset is made up of real clinical images obtained by healthcare professionals during their daily work on wound evaluation and diagnosis.
THE PRESUMPTIVE KAHN TEST

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article THE PRESUMPTIVE KAHN TEST Get access E. J. FITZGERALD, M.D., N.U.I. E. J. FITZGERALD, M.D., N.U.I. Assistant Medical Officer, Winwick Mental Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 46, Issue 6, 1 June 1934, Pages 277–279, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1934.tb09780.x Published: 01 June 1934
Transcriptome assembly and gene annotation of hepatopancreas from gazami crab (Portunus trituberculatus)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

There is no proteome data about gazami crab (Portunus trituberculatus). In order to identify accurately the protease from its hepatopancreas, the hepatopancreas was collected and shipped on dry ice to Sangon Biotech Inc. (Shanghai, China) for transcriptome assembly and gene annotation. Then the mass spectrometric data of the protease were searched against the transcriptome database of the hepatopancreas from P. trituberculatus and the data in NCBI.
A comparative study on the priorities between perceived importance and investment of the areas for Information Security Management System

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

최근의 개인정보 유출과 같은 정보보안 사고들이 기업의 매출 감소와 이미지 손실에 직접적인 영향을 주는 심각한 위험 관리 요소가 됨에 따라 체계적인 정보보호 관리를 위해 정보보호관리체계를 도입하는 기업들이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 기업 내 정보보호 인식과 달리 적은 투자로 인해, 한정된 예산으로 다양한 정보보호 요소들을 효과적으로 관리할 수 있는 방안이 중요해지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 정보보호관리체계의 13개 항목들에 대해 정보보호전문가들의 중요도 평가를 통해 우선순위를 도출하여, 단계적으로 정보보호관리체계를 구축할 수 있는 방향을 제공한다. 그리고 각 항목들에 대한 투자 정도도 평가하여 중요도와 투자 간의 우선순위 차이를 비교 분석하였다. 연구 결과 침해사고 관리가 가장 중요한 것으로 나타났으며, 투자 정도에서는 IT 재해복구가 가장 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 그리고 정보보호 중요도와 투자 간의 우선순위 차이가 큰 정보보호 항목은 암호통제, 정보보호정책, 정보보호교육, 인적보안으로 확인되었다. 본 연구 결과는 정보보호관리체계 도입을 고려하거나 운영 중인 기업들이 한정된 예산을 고려하여 효과적인 정보보호 투자에 대한 의사결정 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. Recently, organizational efforts to adopt ISMS(Information Security Management System) have been increasingly mandated and demanded due to the rising threat and the heavier cost of security failure. However there is a serious gap between awareness and investment of information security in a company, hence it is very important for the company to control effectively a variety of information security threats within a tight budget. To phase the ISMS, this study suggests the priorities based on evaluating the Importance of 13 areas for the ISMS by the information security experts and then we attempt to see the difference between importance and investment through the assessment of the actual investment in each area. The research findings show that intrusion incident handling is most important and IT disaster recovery is the area that is invested the most. Then, information security areas with the considerable difference between priorities of importance and investment are cryptography control, information security policies, education and training on information security and personnel security. The study results are expected to be used in making a decision for the effective investment of information security when companies with a limited budget are considering to introduce ISMS or operating it.
Latency and Liquidity Risk

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Latency (i.e., time delay) in electronic markets affects the efficacy of liquidity taking strategies. During the time liquidity takers process information and send marketable limit orders (MLOs) to the exchange, the limit order book (LOB) might undergo updates, so there is no guarantee that MLOs are filled. We develop a latency-optimal trading strategy that improves the marksmanship of liquidity takers. The interaction between the LOB and MLOs is modelled as a marked point process. Each MLO specifies a price limit so the order can receive worse prices and quantities than those the liquidity taker targets if the updates in the LOB are against the interest of the trader. In our model, the liquidity taker balances the tradeoff between missing trades and the costs of walking the book. We employ techniques of variational analysis to obtain the optimal price limit of each MLO the agent sends. The price limit of a MLO is characterized as the solution to a new class of forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs) driven by random measures. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the FBSDE and numerically solve it to illustrate the performance of the latency-optimal strategies.
Evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum transmission blocking immunity induced by candidate vaccine antigens Pfs25 and Pfs48/45 and naturally induced immune responses in Zambian children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Malaria transmission blocking immunity exerts its effect by interrupting the transfer of the malaria parasite from an infected host to a susceptible host via reducing or blocking the obligate sexual stage development in the mosquito vector. In Plasmodium falciparum malaria two key sexual stage proteins, Pfs25 and Pfs 48/45, are vaccine candidates capable of inducing potent humoral immune responses that reduce or block malaria transmission. We evaluated vaccination of BALB/c mice and baboons using in vivo electroporation (EP) with intramuscular injection of either Pfs25 or Pfs48/45 DNA plasmids to determine whether EP could enhance the immunogenicity and functional transmission blocking effects of these two vaccines. EP enhanced the immunogenicity of the Pfs25 DNA plasmid vaccine in mice by a magnitude of two logs with comparable antibody levels being achieved with either 0.25µg of DNA with EP or 25µg of DNA without EP. Significant functional transmission blocking was demonstrated by the standard membrane feeding assay (MFA) for all three quantities of Pfs25 DNA given with EP (0.25µg, 2.5µg or 25µg). In the baboons there was a mild increase in immunogenicity of the Pfs25 DNA vaccine given with EP after a prime and one boost; however this enhancement was not seen after a prime and two boosts. EP was associated with a modest increase in transmission blocking after DNA prime, two DNA boosts and a recombinant protein boost. Pfs48-45 DNA plasmids given with or without EP in mice showed a modest improvement in antibody production and increased transmission blocking effect with EP. To examine age-related acquisition of naturally induced immune responses to malaria asexual and sexual stage antigens, a sero-epidemiologic field study in south west Zambia was conducted over a period of one year which encompassed two peak and one trough malaria transmission seasons. One hundred forty six subjects in three age cohorts (0-5 years, 6-10 years and 11-15 years) were enrolled. There was a significant, positive age-dependent correlation of antibody levels to recombinant Pfs48/45 to assess sexual stage immune responses and to an asexual stage parasite lysate to assess erythrocytic stage immune responses. Functional transmission blocking antibody was demonstrated by MFA with a significant rise in the oldest age group. There was a high degree of concordance between the asexual and sexual antibody levels. Significant rise in antibody levels to the asexual stage antigens occurred by four years of age whereas the rise in antibody levels to the sexual stage protein occurred later at age ten years. Further studies were suggested by these observations to evaluate the importance of such natural immunity for vaccine development.
Analysis of fiber-grating-coupled semiconductor lasers for WDM applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel external-cavity geometry for a semiconductor laser can be constructed by coupling the laser light through an antireflection coating on the laser diode face into a fiber, some distance along which a Bragg grating is written in the fiber core. The grating forms one mirror defining the cavity, a high reflectivity coating on the back end of the diode serving as the other mirror. After reviewing the work in this area, we will turn to cw operation, where in certain circumstances the stability against mode hopping has been observed to depend on the chirp of the Bragg grating. A simple physical picture of such behavior is possible because the cavity round trip time is much greater than the transit time of the light in the gain medium. This picture will be outlined, and used to explore the range of behavior possible when the laser is directly modulated. Recent theoretical and experimental studies focusing on applications for wavelength-division multiplexing will be discussed.
A high-field Mössbauer investigation on FeSb2

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In high-field Mössbauer measurements on FeSb2 complex spectra were recorded, which could only be fitted with a higher number of subspectra, though crystallographically only one iron site exists. Due to their field dependence, these subspectra can be devided in two groups. The first, which covers 50-60% of the spectral area exhibits no field dependence of the internal fields on the applied field. The second shows internal fields increasing with the applied field.
The TOP counter and determination of bunch-crossing time at Belle II

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

At the Belle II experiment a Time-of-Propagation (TOP) counter is used for particle identification in the barrel region. This novel type of particle identification device combines the Cherenkov ring imaging technique with the time-of-flight and therefore it relies on a precise knowledge of the time of collision in each triggered event. We discuss the performance of the counter and present a maximum likelihood based method for the determination of event collision time from the measured data.
Pengaruh Praktik Kesetaraan Gender dan Status Gizi (IMT/U) Terhadap Usia Menarche pada Remaja Putri di Yayasan Perguruan Ki Hajar Dewantara

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Menarche is a menstrual event that occurs for the first time in women. Each adolescent has a variety of ages in reaching sexual maturity. Many factors cause differences in the age of menarche, including nutritional status. This study aims to analyze the effect of gender equality practices and nutritional status (BMI / U) on the age of menarche in young women of Yayasan Perguruan Ki Hajar Dewantara. This type of research is observational analytic with a cross-sectional study design. The data analysis method is path analysis. The population was 784 female students. The sampling technique used simple random sampling, namely 58 students. The results of the study had no direct effect on nutritional status (BMI / U) on the age of menarche. There is a direct influence of intake on nutritional status, namely ρ-value = 0.049 <0.05 and gender equality practice on intake, namely the path coefficient value that ρ-value = 0.003 <0.05. The conclusion is that there is an indirect effect of gender equality practices on status nutrition and gender equality practice on the age of menarche with beta value on the indirect effect is greater than the beta value on the direct effect. It is recommended to further increase knowledge of gender equality practices, growth and development of young women about the age of menarche and improve diet and see the nutritional status of young women with counseling.
EM Undulator and Undulator A X-ray Profile Calculations for Grazing Incidence Insertion Device XBPM

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Recently we proposed a grazing-incidence insertion device x-ray beam position monitor (GRID-XBPM) for the APS front ends. We want to determine the appropriate XBPM aperture sizing given the design constraints to maximize transmission of central-cone monochromatic x-rays and to intercept a maximum amount of remaining x-ray power to facilitate center of mass (CM) beam position measurement. We calculated the monochromatic and total power x-ray profiles of Undulator A and the EM Undulator at 20-m from the source. We produced useful figures on transmission eciency, beam widths, and signal flux over the range of op
[Doxapram in stable obstructive chronic respiratory insufficiency. A prospective study on 15 cases (author's transl)].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The oral form of Doxapram, a respiratory analeptic drug with central action, was tested prospectively and successively, the subject being his own control, in 15 patients with stable obstructive chronic respiratory insufficiency (OCRI), but not infected and with a high PaCO2. The efficiency of the product was judged notable nine times, medium four times; only twice was its action judged inefficient. Retrospectively, it was not possible to define the group OCRI with high PaCO2, responding or not to the oral form of Doxapram. In these conditions, the utility of prescribing this molecule is subjected to the control of gasometric efficiency before and after absorption. The frequent efficiency of the product leads to the consideration of a regular use in some obstructive chronic respiratory insufficiency.
Gender as a Moderator of Descriptive Norms and Substance Use among Latino College Students

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study addresses gaps in the literature by testing gender differences in the associations between substance use norms and substance use among Latino college students. Secondary data analysis was conducted using data from the 2009 National College Health Assessment. Participants selected for this study were 4,336 Latino undergraduates. Linear mixed modeling was used to test gender as a moderator of the relationship between alcohol use norms and alcohol use as well as marijuana use norms and marijuana use. Results indicated that the strength of the relationships between norms and substance use was stronger for males than for females. Substance use rates and gender roles differ for Latinos and Latinas and may partially account for the stronger relationship between these constructs for males. Implications for future research and prevention are discussed.
Abstract 13679: Personalized Guidance of Edge-to-Edge Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Repair

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Transcatheter edge-to-edge tricuspid valve repair (T-TEER) for tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is always guided by TEE. Hypothesis: Safety and efficacy of T-TEER can be increased by multimodality imaging (MMI) guidance. Methods: From December 2020 to January 2022, we performed T-TEER in 40 inoperable patients. All patients received TTE, TEE and cardiac CT screening, and were assigned to a MMI (n=17) guidance group, provided good TTE acoustic window, or otherwise classical TEE (n=23). Multimodality imaging employed the 4 right-sided chamber views. Accordingly, the 1-chamber view was obtained in the transgastric short-axis view on TEE, but also from a modified subcostal TTE short axis. The 2-chamber view was visualized from a low-esophageal position, or from a parasternal long axis view of the right ventricle. The 3-chamber view was seen on mid-esophageal TEE 50-100°, but also in the parasternal short axis view. Finally, the 4-chamber view was obtained on mid-esophageal 0-30°, or the classical four-chamber TTE view. CT derived fluoroscopic angulations of these views allowed interventionalists and imaging specialists to speak a common language. Results: Device success was achieved in all patients, with 1.5±0.6 implanted clips / patient in the MMI vs 1.5±0.5 in the TEE group (p=0.851). Device times were 66.1±35.1 vs 58.7±27.5 minutes (p=0.459). TR reduction was successful in 94% vs 95% of patients, p=1.000. Two- or more grade TR improvement occurred in 65% vs 52% of cases. There were no device associated complications but 3 TEE-related gastro-esophageal bleedings occurred in the 2 nd group. By 12 months, 4 vs 8 patients (p=0.504) were readmitted for acute heart failure, and 2 vs 4 (p=0.686) died. NYHA class decreased by one grade in all survivals. However, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score and 6-minute walk distance significantly increased in each respective group, more with MMI ( Δ 29±21.4 vs 22±13.6 points, p=0.227; Δ 101±100.4 vs 85±64 meters, p=0.121). Conclusions: A patient-tailored MMI approach to T-TEER guidance, by using TTE in patients with good acoustic window and cardiac CT for fluoroscopic determination of the 4 right-sided chamber views, is feasible and improves safety, procedural success and, in turn, clinical outcomes.
EQUATION OF STATE FOR HOT GLUON PLASMA WITH EFFECTIVE TWO LOOPS

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present analytical results for the equation of state for hot gluon plasma obtained with an effective perturbation based on hard thermal loops resummation theory. The effective two-loop results depend on Debye screening and finite width of gluons as physical parameters. Considering next-to-leading Debye mass and finite width effects, we find the equation of state to be in good agreement with recent lattice results for T≳2T c .
Field exclusion of large soil predators impacts lower trophic levels and decreases leaf‐litter decomposition in dry forests

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Shifts in densities of apex predators may indirectly affect fundamental ecosystem processes, such as decomposition, by altering patterns of cascading effects propagating through lower trophic levels. These top–down effects may interact with anthropogenic impacts, such as climate change, in largely unknown ways. We investigated how changes in densities of large predatory arthropods in forest leaf‐litter communities altered lower trophic levels and litter decomposition. We conducted our experiment in soil communities that had experienced different levels of long‐term average precipitation. We hypothesized that altering abundances of apex predators would have stronger effects on soil communities inhabiting dry forests, due to lower secondary productivity and greater resource overexploitation by lower trophic levels compared to wet forests. We experimentally manipulated abundances of the largest arthropod predators (apex predators) in field mesocosms replicated in the leaf‐litter community of Iberian beech forests that differed in long‐term mean annual precipitation by 25% (three dry forests with MAP < 1,250 mm and four wet forests with MAP > 1,400 mm). After one year, we assessed abundances of soil fauna in lower trophic levels and indirect impacts on leaf‐litter decomposition using litter of understorey hazel, Corylus avellana. Reducing densities of large predators had a consistently negative effect on final abundances of the different trophic groups and several taxa within each group. Moreover, large predatory arthropods strongly impacted litter decomposition, and their effect interacted with the long‐term annual rainfall experienced by the soil community. In the dry forests, a 50% reduction in the densities of apex predators was associated with a 50% reduction in decomposition. In wet forests, the same reduction in densities of apex soil predators did not alter the rate of litter decomposition. Our results suggest that predators may facilitate lower trophic levels by indirectly reducing competition and resource overexploitation, cascading effects that may be more pronounced in drier forests where conditions have selected for greater competitive ability and more rapid resource utilization. These findings thus provide insights into the functioning of soil invertebrate communities and their role in decomposition, as well as potential consequences of soil community responses to climate change.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Slipping Rib Syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: (1) To investigate the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of slipping rib syndrome in athletes; (2) to investigate the hooking maneuver for diagnosis of slipping rib syndrome. Design: Retrospective chart review of 362 athletes with rib pain. Setting: Pediatric-based sports medicine clinic between January 1, 1999, and March 1, 2014. Patients: Costochondritis, Tietze, fractures, rib tip syndrome, and unclear diagnoses were excluded. Athletes were included who had a palpable rib subluxation, mechanical rib symptom, positive hooking maneuver, or resolution of pain after the resection of a slipping rib segment. Main Outcome Measures: Slipping rib syndrome is associated with athletic performance. Results: Fifty-four athletes were diagnosed with slipping rib syndrome, of which 38 (70%) were females. Mean age at presentation was 19.1 years (range 4-40 years). Mean number of previous specialist consultations per athlete was 2.3 and mean time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 15.4 months. The hooking maneuver was attempted 21 times (38.9%). Unilateral symptoms presented in 49 athletes (90.7%). The most symptomatic rib was the 10th, affecting 24 athletes (44.4%), eighth and ninth were affected in 17 athletes (31.5%) each. Most, 39 (72.2%), reported insidious onset of symptoms. Running, rowing, lacrosse, and field hockey were frequently associated activities. Twelve athletes had psychiatric diagnoses (22.2%), 10 (19.2%) were hypermobile. Sixty-six total imaging studies were performed. The most successful treatment options included: osteopathic manipulative treatment (71.4%), surgical resection (70%), and diclofenac gel (60%). Conclusions: Most athletes with slipping rib syndrome were active females with insidious onset of unilateral pain, a high prevalence of hypermobility and prolonged pain. The hooking maneuver was underused.