jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Potential role of the src gene product in inhibition of gap-junctional communication in NIH/3T3 cells.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The effects of the src gene on the activity of protein kinase C and intercellular communication have been studied in transformed NIH/3T3 clones isolated from soft agar following transfection with the plasmid carrying the v-src gene (psrc-11). Six transformed clones that were studied contained newly incorporated v-src genes in the genome, had an increased amount of pp60src, and showed enhanced activities of protein kinase C. Intercellular communication, studied by observing with autoradiography the transfer of [3H]uridine nucleotide from prelabeled donor cells to recipient cells in contact, was found to be reduced in transformed clones as compared to parental NIH/3T3 cells. Treatment with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate was also found to increase protein kinase C activity and to reduce intercellular communication in normal NIH/3T3 cells. These results suggest that the v-src gene product, in a manner similar to some of the powerful tumor promoters, may directly or indirectly affect cell-cell communication.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa RhlR is required to neutralize the cellular immune response in a Drosophila melanogaster oral infection model

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

An in-depth mechanistic understanding of microbial infection necessitates a molecular dissection of host–pathogen relationships. Both Drosophila melanogaster and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been intensively studied. Here, we analyze the infection of D. melanogaster by P. aeruginosa by using mutants in both host and pathogen. We show that orally ingested P. aeruginosa crosses the intestinal barrier and then proliferates in the hemolymph, thereby causing the infected flies to die of bacteremia. Host defenses against ingested P. aeruginosa included an immune deficiency (IMD) response in the intestinal epithelium, systemic Toll and IMD pathway responses, and a cellular immune response controlling bacteria in the hemocoel. Although the observed cellular and intestinal immune responses appeared to act throughout the course of the infection, there was a late onset of the systemic IMD and Toll responses. In this oral infection model, P. aeruginosa PA14 did not require its type III secretion system or other well-studied virulence factors such as the two-component response regulator GacA or the protease AprA for virulence. In contrast, the quorum-sensing transcription factor RhlR, but surprisingly not LasR, played a key role in counteracting the cellular immune response against PA14, possibly at an early stage when only a few bacteria are present in the hemocoel. These results illustrate the power of studying infection from the dual perspective of host and pathogen by revealing that RhlR plays a more complex role during pathogenesis than previously appreciated.
A Psycho-Sociological Study of Converted Kazakhs in Kazakhstan

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The fact that the subject of conversion is a very comprehensive and complex psycho-social event leads to different results in each study. According to Western studies, the topic of conversion has become a topical issue with the emergence of new religious movements and as a result of intensive missionary activities. In this study of Kazakh converts, the problem of conversion is addressed with a sociological approach. With the revival of Islam after Kazakhstan's independence, Christian missionary activity has also increased. Today, Kazakhs who have converted to the religion are more present in society as a result of missionary activity. This study, from a sociological point of view, deals with the Kazakhs who changed their religion as a result of missionary studies that emerged after independence. Conversion is not a sudden event. Therefore, when studying the conversion event, the lives of the people concerned should be considered as a whole and the effective psychosocial factors should be reviewed. In our study, 25 subjects were interviewed and personal information about them was recorded. The subjects' childhood and adolescence before conversion and their relationships with religion were studied. The process of changing religion and the reasons why they changed their religion are discussed. Received: 11 November 2022 / Accepted: 29 December 2022 / Published: 5 January 2023
doi:10.1155/2007/89170 Research Article A Fast Mellin and Scale Transform

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A fast algorithm for the discrete-scale (and β-Mellin) transform is proposed. It performs a discrete-time discrete-scale approximation of the continuous-time transform, with subquadratic asymptotic complexity. The algorithm is based on a well-known relation between the Mellin and Fourier transforms, and it is practical and accurate. The paper gives some theoretical background on the Mellin, β-Mellin, and scale transforms. Then the algorithm is presented and analyzed in terms of computational complexity and precision. The effects of different interpolation procedures used in the algorithm are discussed. Copyright © 2007 A. De Sena and D. Rocchesso. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 1.
Effect of Tinospora cordifolia as phytogenic feed additive on performance parameters of sahiwal heifers

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Tinospora cordifolia stem powder (TCSP) is well known for its hepatoprotective, antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties and it could be used as a phytogenic feed additive to enhance the production and health response of ruminants. The study was conducted to determine the effects of TCSP supplementation on growth, blood biochemicals, immunity, antioxidant and endocrine parameters of growing Sahiwal heifers. Eighteen growing Sahiwal heifers were randomly allocated into three groups on body weight and age basis. Feeding regimen was similar in all the groups except that treatment groups were supplemented with 0.0 (CON), 0.5 (T1), and 1.0 (T2) percent of dry matter intake (DMI), TCSP in three respective groups, for 90 days period. Dietary supplementation of TCSP at different levels did not show any significant (P>0.05) effect on DMI, average daily gain, and feed conversion efficiency of growing heifers. Total cholesterol and triglycerides level were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the T2 group. SOD was significantly higher (P<0.001) whereas, LPO decreased linearly (P<0.05) in T2 group. Plasma total antioxidant status (TAS) also increased linearly (P<0.05) in T2 group. IgG levels increased linearly (P<0.001) in the T2 group; however, total Ig was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the treatment groups. No effect on the concentration of plasma IGF-1, T3 and T4 was reported. Hence, TCSP at a 1.0% level of inclusion could be used as a phytogenic feed additive to boost the health status in terms of improved immunity and antioxidant response in Sahiwal heifers.
66 GHz bias‐dependent equivalent circuit model for CMOS transistor based on 90 nanometers CMOS technology

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A 66 GHz bias‐dependent transistor model is established in this paper. A small signal equivalent circuit model, which contains transistor intrinsic effects, parasitic effects, and substrate coupling, is presented. Based on this, the nonlinear drain‐source current model and gate capacitance equations are established to represent their bias‐dependent characteristics. To validate the model, a transistor with gate width of 650 × 8 nm and gate length of 0.1 μm is fabricated in 90‐nm CMOS technology. Then, both the DC and small signal performances of the proposed model are investigated under different bias conditions. Good agreements between calculation and measurement results are achieved, which indicates that this model is accurate and reliable for millimeter wave application.
Dutch Report: Coherence and Fragmentation of Private Law

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract: Legal rules increasingly flow from different (national, European, and supranational) sources. This multiplication of sources deeply disturbs our idea of law as a coherent and unitary system. The aim of this contribution is to explore this increasing fragmentation of law. It pays special attention to how fragmentation of private law is perceived in the Netherlands and which strategies are adopted to remedy the problems it causes. The approach of the Dutch legislature in dealing with this fragmentation is to try to re-establish a coherent system. This is apparent from both the way in which European directives are implemented and from the Dutch efforts to deal with the increasing complexity of private international law. However, it seems no longer in the power of a national legislature to create a coherent system through legislation. We should therefore seek new strategies to deal with the various legal regimes that exist on a national territory. Résumé: On n'ignore pas, en général, que les sources des règles de droit sont de plus en plus diverses (nationale, européenne et supranationale). Il est également bien établi que cette multiplication de sources perturbe profondément notre idée d'un système coherent et unitaire du droit. Le but de la présente contribution est d'explorer cette complexité croissante dans le domaine du droit privé. Un aspect de cette complexité est une indéniable fragmentation du droit. Cet article accorde une attention spéciale à la manière dont la fragmentation en droit privé est vue aux Pays-Bas et quelles strategies sont adoptées pour remédier aux problèmes qu'elle cause. L'approche du pouvoir législatif néerlandais dans le traitement de cette fragmentation est de tenter de réétablir un système cohérent. Ceci apparaît aussi bien dans les procédés de transposition des directives européennes que dans les efforts, aux Pays-Bas, de traiter la complexité croissante du droit international privé. Les directives européennes sont transposées le plus possible dans le Code civil néerlandais afin de garder intact le système de droit privé, même si cela ne peut toutefois supprimer les causes d'une incohérence croissante. De même, les règles éparses de droit international privé sont structurées dans un nouveau Livre du Code civil, même si néanmoins, le pouvoir législatif national n'a plus le pouvoir de créer un système cohérent. Cette stratégie du pouvoir législatif néerlandais est clairement inappropriée parce qu'il n'est plus dans le pouvoir d'une assemblée législative nationale de créer un système cohérent à travers la législation. C'est pourquoi nous devrions chercher de nouvelles stratégies pour traiter les différents régimes légaux qui existent sur un territoire national. Cet article analyse plusieurs de ces stratégies.
A Remote IDS Based on Multi-Agent Systems, Web Services and MDA

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present a model, an architecture and an implementation of a Remote IDS (Intrusion Detection System) using the technology of Multi-agent Systems, Web Services and MDA (Model-Driven Architecture). This model adapts and extends the NIDIA (Network Intrusion Detection System based on Intelligent Agents) to provide a remote IDS on the Internet. The purpose is that users that do not have a local IDS can use the services provided by our remote IDS. NIDIA is an IDS whose architecture consists of a set of cooperative agents. The IDS functionalities are provided as a set of accessible services on the Internet through Web Services. The architecture of our IDS uses MDA to support metadata management such as profiles of machines, profiles of users and profiles of services. An illustrative example shows our IDS.
Public Transport Accessibility: A Literature Review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Accessibility is one of the most important outcomes of the transportation system. Public transport can be more attractive by providing "Door to door mobility" and development of transportation services is an important factor of social quality. Public transport accessibility has gained vital importance in designing and evaluating the transit system in terms of mobility and sustainability. Apart from the transport system itself, public transport accessibility has the considerable impact on life satisfaction in the form of perceived accessibility. Moreover, researchers have revealed several impact and correlation of provision of public transport accessibility to the environment and daily life which would have a noticeable impact on public health and other aspects of public daily life. Furthermore, the correlation between public transport accessibility and job opportunities has attracted the researchers' attention in the literature. Also, public participation in social activities has been investigated based on public transport accessibility and their close connection has been revealed under the topic of social exclusion. In this paper, the available literature on public transport accessibility has been reviewed. As a conclusion, it should be highlighted that not just the performance of public transportation but its impact on other social aspects should be considered while planning the public transport facilities.
Peer Review #1 of "Associations between lower extremity muscle mass and metabolic parameters related to obesity in Japanese obese patients with type 2 diabetes (v0.1)"

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background.Age-related loss of muscle mass (sarcopenia) increases the incidence of obesity in the elderly by reducing physical activity.This sarcopenic obesity may become self-perpetuating, increasing the risks for metabolic syndrome, disability, and mortality.We investigated the associations of two sarcopenic indices, the ratio of lower extremity muscle mass to body weight (L/W ratio) and the ratio of lower extremity muscle mass to upper extremity muscle mass (L/U ratio), with metabolic parameters related to obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity.Methods.Of 148 inpatients with type 2 diabetes treated between October 2013 and April 2014, we recruited 26 with obesity but no physical disability.Daily physical activity was measured by a triaxial accelerometer during a period of hospitalization, and which was also evaluated by our previously reported non-exercise activity thermogenesis questionnaire.We measured body composition by bioelectrical impedance and investigated the correlations of L/W and L/U ratios with body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), visceral fat area, subcutaneous fat area, serum lipid profile, and daily physical activity.Results.The L/W ratio was significantly and negatively correlated with BMI, WC, WHR, body fat mass, body fat percentage, subcutaneous fat area, and serum free fatty acid concentration, was positively correlated with daily physical activity: the locomotive nonexercise activity thermogenesis score, but was not correlated with visceral fat area.The L/U ratio was significantly and positively correlated with serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Conclusions.High L/W and L/U ratios, indicative of relatively preserved lower extremity muscle mass, were predictive of improved metabolic parameters related to obesity.Preserved muscle fitness in obesity, especially of the lower extremities, may prevent sarcopenic obesity and lower associated risks for metabolic syndrome and early mortality.
Projecting Air Force Rated Officer Inventory Across the Total Force: Total Force Blue Line Model for Rated Officer Management

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Air Force has always had to manage the rated officers in the regular Air Force, but it has not had to manage the flows into its two reserve components quite as diligently. Recent changes have made it more challenging to manage rated officers across their entire careers. In this report, the authors document efforts to develop a long-term career field planning model for all rated officers across the Total Force — the Total Force Blue Line model.
Investigation on Serum Immunoglobulin Complements and sIL-2R in Female Patients with Acne Vulgaris

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To investige the functions of humoral and cell-mediated immunity in female patients with acne vulgaris.Methods The serum immunoglobulin IgG,IgM,IgA and complements of C 3 and C 4 were measured with Rate-nephelometry in 58 female cases with acne vulgaris.A sandwich ELISA technique was applied to detect serum levels of sIL-2R in 58 female patients with acne vulgaris compared with that of 30 healthy control subjects at the same time.Results The results revealed that the serum Immunoglobulin IgG,IgM,IgA and complements of C 3 and C 4 in 58 female cases with acne vulgaris showed no significantl differences between patients and control subjects(P0.05).But there were different results in different groups,the changes of IgG had significant differences(P0.001),the others haden't great changes(P0.05).Compared with that of control subjects,IgG were significantly lower in acne Ⅰ (light degree group,P0.01) and were significantly higher in acne Ⅲ(severity degree group,P0.001),no differences in acne Ⅱ(middle degree group,P0.05).The more severity of acne,the higher IgG.IgG in acne Ⅱ were significantly higher than that in acne Ⅰ(P0.05).IgG in acne Ⅲ were significantly higher than that in acne Ⅱ(P0.001).The levels of sIL-2R in patients(1878.24±677.46pg/ml) were significantly higher than those in the control subjects(1215.90±354.06pg/ml)(P0.001).Conclusion The immunity reaction takes part in the pathogenesis of acne.The immunologic response involves both humoral and cell-mediated pathways.
Specificity in the Psychotherapeutic Approach to the Psychotic Patient

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Having followed for 10 years the suggestion of Boston’s Dr. E. V. Semrad to spend at least a little time during each week on the back wards of the state hospital, I should like to present from this experience observations concerning the effect of my various attitudes and behavior patterns on some of the denizens of these wards, directing attention particularly to the critical problem of how to get through to the chronic psychotic patient. Literature on the problem of making contact with the uncooperative, apathetic, and mute patient is not very extensive. Azima and Wittkower1attempted, with some success, to make contact with such patients, using a variety of media representing symbolic materials, such as mud, Plasticene, finger paints, baby bottles, balls, and bean bags. They found there was some object specificity; that is, not all patients responded to the same objects.
Phagocytosis of Terminally Differentiated Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells by Marrow Histiocytes During Treatment with All-transRetinoic Acid

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It has been established that acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells are induced to terminally differentiate by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), however, the clearance of differentiated APL cells in vivo has not been well understood. Here, we documented the elimination of terminally differentiated APL cells by histiocytes in bone marrow during differentiation induction therapy. In two ATRA-treated APL patients, bone marrow showed the striking phagocytosis of differentiated APL cells by histiocytes just before the achievement of complete remission. Histiocytes phagocytosed APL cells at the terminal stage of differentiation prior to the late apoptotic event of cell lysis. Engulfed APL cells then undergo morphological features of late apoptosis and finally fragmentation in the cytoplasm of histiocytes. This swift and efficient elimination of APL cells undergoing apoptosis by the histiocytes in bone marrow may be possible pathway, at least partially, for the clearance of differentiated APL cells.
The relationship between plasma renin activity and serum lipid profiles in patients with primary arterial hypertension

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical and biochemical differences between patients with low-renin and high-renin primary arterial hypertension (AH), mainly in reference to serum lipids, and to identify factors determining lipid concentrations. Materials and methods: In untreated patients with AH stage 1 we measured plasma renin activity (PRA) and subdivided the group into low-renin (PRA < 0.65 ng/mL/h) and high-renin (PRA ⩾ 0.65 ng/mL/h) AH. We compared office and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure, serum aldosterone, lipids and selected biochemical parameters between subgroups. Factors determining lipid concentration in both subgroups were assessed in regression analysis. Results: Patients with high-renin hypertension ( N = 58) were characterized by higher heart rate ( p = 0.04), lower serum sodium ( p < 0.01) and aldosterone-to-renin ratio ( p < 0.01), and significantly higher serum aldosterone ( p = 0.03), albumin ( p < 0.01), total protein ( p < 0.01), total cholesterol ( p = 0.01) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ( p = 0.04) than low-renin subjects ( N = 39). In univariate linear regression, only PRA in the low-renin group was in a positive relationship with LDL-C ( R 2 = 0.15, β = 1.53 and p = 0.013); this association remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, and serum albumin and aldosterone concentrations. Conclusions: Higher serum levels of total and LDL-C characterized high-renin subjects, but the association between LDL-C level and PRA existed only in low-renin primary AH.
Influence of Protease Inhibitors on Bond Degradation of Self-Etch Adhesive Systems to Caries-Affected Dentin: An &lt;i&gt;in Vitro&lt;/i&gt; Study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Background: A decline in pH and dissolution of the inorganic content of the dental tissues are followed by exposure of the organic portion of the tooth, which, in dentin, is largely composed of collagen fibres. These unprotected fibres are then degraded by metalloproteinases and cysteine cathepsins, proteolytic enzymes present in dentin. We evaluated the influence of protease inhibitors on the bond strength of a self-etch adhesive system to caries-affected dentin. Eighty permanent third molars were selected for the study. Dentinal caries were induced artificially by the microbial method and the teeth were divided in four groups: G1—application of Clearfil SE Bond adhesive system (CL); G2—2% chlorhexidine (CLX) + CL; G3—sodium bicarbonate (BIC) + CL; G4—BI + CLX + CL. Bond strength was assessed immediately and at six months. During the six months, the specimens were stored in distilled water. Microtensile bond strength testing was performed. On immediate testing, there was no significant difference in bond strength across the control, BIC, and CLX groups. The combination of BIC + CLX, however, led to an immediate, significant reduction in bond strength. After six months, bond strength was reduced in all groups. The highest bond strength was obtained in the control group (P 0.05). Most fractures were adhesive, both immediately and at six months. We concluded that the cavity pretreatment with 2% CLX or 2% BIC did not have an immediate negative impact on bond strength of the Clearfil SE Bond system. After specimens were stored for six months in water, their bond strength of specimens was reduced in all groups. This reduction was the greatest in the groups exposed to the inhibitors.
Complete Genome Sequence of Capripoxvirus Strain KSGP 0240 from a Commercial Live Attenuated Vaccine

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Capripoxviruses cause economically important diseases in domestic ruminants in regions endemic for these viruses. We report here the complete genome sequence of the KSGP 0240 vaccine strain from the live attenuated vaccine Kenyavac (JOVAC).