jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cutibacterium acnes Infection of Hip Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty Resulting in Protrusio Acetabuli: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

C. acnes is an increasingly recognized cause of PJIs and can cause significant morbidity. It should not be simply regarded as a contaminant of tissue or cultures. C. acnes PJIs require antibiotic treatment and early surgery with debridement and revision. This reported case presented technical challenges due to the infection resulting in prosthetic acetabular protrusio.
GENDER AND BULLYING: Moving Beyond Mean Diff erences to Consider Conceptions of Bullying, Processes by which Bullying Unfolds, and Cyberbullying

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Moving beyond consideration of mean gender di erences in bullying requires carefully considering where gender di erences do and do not exist. For a large, nationally representative United States sample, Nansel et al. (2001) found that boys reported perpetrating and being victimized by bullying more than girls. When speci c forms of victimization were examined, boys reported experiencing more physical bullying than girls, and girls reported more bullying by rumors and sexual comments. In another U.S. study, 4th and 5th graders responded to a survey about "Who bullies whom?" (Rodkin & Berger, 2008). Boys were more likely to be bullies and bully-victims, and girls were more likely to be victims. In a study of developmental trajectories for bullying from ages 10 to 17 with a large Canadian sample (Pepler et al., 2008), the high and moderate bullying trajectory groups included more boys than girls, and the trajectory group for low involvement included more girls than boys.
Predictions of solar activity cycles 25 and 26 using non-linear autoregressive exogenous neural networks

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT This study presents new prediction models of the 11-yr solar activity cycles (SC) 25 and 26 based on multiple activity indicator parameters. The developed models are based on the use of non-linear autoregressive exogenous (NARX) neural network approach. The training period of the NARX model is from July 1749 to December 2019. The considered activity indicator parameters are the monthly sunspot number time series (SSN), the flare occurence frequency, the 10.7-cm solar radio flux, and the total solar irradiance (TSI). The neural network models are fed by these parameters independently and the prediction results are compared and verified. The obtained training, validation, and prediction results show that our models are accurate with an accuracy of about 90 per cent in the prediction of peak activity values. The current models produce the dual-peak maximum (Gnevyshev gap) very well. Based on the obtained results, the expected solar peaks in terms of SSN (monthly averaged smoothed) of the solar cycles 25 and 26 are RSSN = 116.6 (February 2025) and RSSN = 113.25 (October 2036), respectively. The expected time durations of SC 25 and SC 26 cycles are 9.2 and 11 yr, respectively. The activity levels of SC 25 and 26 are expected to be very close and similar to or weaker than SC 24. This suggests that these two cycles are at the minimum level of the Gleissberg cycle. A comparison with other reported studies shows that our results based on the NARX model are in good agreement.
Reference Genes for the Normalization of Gene Expression in Eucalyptus Species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Gene expression analysis is increasingly important in biological research, with reverse transcription–quantitative PCR (RT–qPCR) becoming the method of choice for high-throughput and accurate expression profiling of selected genes. Considering the increased sensitivity, reproducibility and large dynamic range of this method, the requirements for proper internal reference gene(s) for relative expression normalization have become much more stringent. Given the increasing interest in the functional genomics of Eucalyptus, we sought to identify and experimentally verify suitable reference genes for the normalization of gene expression associated with the flower, leaf and xylem of six species of the genus. We selected 50 genes that exhibited the least variation in microarrays of E. grandis leaves and xylem, and E. globulus xylem. We further performed the experimental analysis using RT–qPCR for six Eucalyptus species and three different organs/tissues. Employing algorithms geNorm and NormFinder, we assessed the gene expression stability of eight candidate new reference genes. Classic housekeeping genes were also included in the analysis. The stability profiles of candidate genes were in very good agreement. PCR results proved that the expression of novel Eucons04, Eucons08 and Eucons21 genes was the most stable in all Eucalyptus organs/tissues and species studied. We showed that the combination of these genes as references when measuring the expression of a test gene results in more reliable patterns of expression than traditional housekeeping genes. Hence, novel Eucons04, Eucons08 and Eucons21 genes are the best suitable references for the normalization of expression studies in the Eucalyptus genus.
Single Cell RNA Sequencing Identifies a Unique Inflammatory Macrophage Subset as a Druggable Target for Alleviating Acute Kidney Injury

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex clinical disorder associated with poor outcomes. Targeted regulation of the degree of inflammation has been a potential strategy for AKI management. Macrophages are the main effector cells of kidney inflammation. However, macrophage heterogeneity in ischemia reperfusion injury induced AKI (IRI‐AKI) remains unclear. Using single‐cell RNA sequencing of the mononuclear phagocytic system in the murine IRI model, the authors demonstrate the complementary roles of kidney resident macrophages (KRMs) and monocyte‐derived infiltrated macrophages (IMs) in modulating tissue inflammation and promoting tissue repair. A unique population of S100a9 hi Ly6c hi IMs is identified as an early responder to AKI, mediating the initiation and amplification of kidney inflammation. Kidney infiltration of S100A8/A9 + macrophages and the relevance of renal S100A8/A9 to tissue injury is confirmed in human AKI. Targeting the S100a8/a9 signaling with small‐molecule inhibitors exhibits renal protective effects represented by improved renal function and reduced mortality in bilateral IRI model, and decreased inflammatory response, ameliorated kidney injury, and improved long‐term outcome with decreased renal fibrosis in the unilateral IRI model. The findings support S100A8/A9 blockade as a feasible and clinically relevant therapy potentially waiting for translation in human AKI.
High-Order-Harmonic Generation from a Relativistic Circularly Polarized Laser Interacting with Over-Dense Plasma Grating

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The simple surface current model is extended to study the generation of high-order harmonics for a relativistic circularly polarized laser pulse interacting with a plasma grating surface. Both exact relativistic electron dynamics and optical interference of surface periodic structure are considered. It is found that high order harmonics in the specular direction are obviously suppressed whereas the harmonics of the grating periodicity are strongly enhanced and folded into small solid angles with respect to the surface direction. The conversion efficiency of certain harmonics is five orders of magnitude higher than that of the planar target cases. It provides an effective approach to generate a coherent radiation within the so-called 'water window' while maintaining high conversion efficiency and narrow angle spread.
Արցախյան հակամարտության ընկալումն ԻԻՀ ներքին խոսույթում՝ քառօրյայից մինչև քառասունչորսօրյա պատերազմ (2016-2020 թթ.)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The examination of the views, analysis, and positions in the internal discourse of the IRI on the Artsakh conflict is important from the point of view of understanding the logic forming this country's approaches to the conflict. The approaches of policy-making institutions and various political parties are reflected in internal discourse through the views of individuals associated with them and through the main media resources. During the military operations in 2016, the elements of a "positive approach" to the Artsakh Republic prevailed in Iran’s internal discourse. These days, the Iranian discourse is also more homogeneous in terms of its approaches to the conflict. In terms of the opinions expressed and the publications made during the war in 2020, the differences in the approaches of the decision-making institutions were quite noticeable. Particularly, the Foreign Ministry was promoting a policy of "active neutrality" and "mediation" when in parallel the military power structures (especially ICRC) were more focused on activities aimed at security targets. The article discusses the above-mentioned peculiarities both in the context of the dynamics of changing the perception of the Artsakh conflict in the internal discourse, as well as in the context of its place in IRI's foreign policy and IRI-Armenia relations.
System-size dependence of the free energy of crystalline solids

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We investigate the system-size dependence of the Helmholtz free energy of crystalline solids from computer simulation. We employ a standard thermodynamic integration technique along a reversible path that links the crystalline solid with a noninteracting Einstein crystal with the same structure. The key contribution to the free energy is computed by using the so-called expanded-ensemble technique and the results are compared with those obtained from conventional integration of the derivative of the free energy along the path using Gaussian-Legendre quadrature. We find that both methods yield fully consistent results. The free energy is found to exhibit a strong dependence with system size, in agreement with the behavior found by Polson et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 112, 5339 (2000)] but at variance with the dependence reported more recently by Chang and Sandler [J. Chem. Phys. 118, 8390 (2003)]. This has been tested for the face-centered cubic (fcc) and hexagonal close-packed phases of a crystal of hard spheres at a density close to the melting point. We also investigate any possible dependence of the free energy of the solid phase with the shape of the simulation box. We find that this contribution may not be as important as previous investigations suggest. The present results seem to indicate that there is a non-negligible contribution to the free energy arising from the orientation of the closed-packed crystal layers with respect to the simulation cell. This contribution is particularly noticeable for small system sizes and is believed to be an effect of the periodic boundary conditions used in the simulations. The results presented here corroborate the stability of the fcc phase of the hard-sphere solid close to melting.
Total Phenolics and Flavonoids Content of Pemphis acidula Leaves Extract, In Vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activity, and Characterization of The Extract Towards Standardized Antidiabetic Herbal Medicine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent metabolic disorder that still remains a threat to public health all over the world. Oxidative stress is a critical factor in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. Plants contain many antioxidant compounds that can provide protection against free radical-related diseases. The present study aims to evaluate the potential of ethanol extract of Pemphis acidula leaves as antidiabetic agent by measuring its total phenolics and flavonoids content, and its antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitor activity as well. The total phenols content was determined using Follin-Ciocalteu method and total flavonoids content was determined using the AlCl3 colorimetric method, while in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH method. Results of the study showed that ethanol extract of Pemphis acidula leaves contains total phenolics and total flavonoids equivalent to 5390mg GAE/100 grams of extract and 581.66mg QE/100 grams of extract respectively, and it had also been proven that the extract has strong antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitor activity with IC50 of 57.71 ppm and IC50 of 70.05 ppm respectively. From these results, it can be concluded that ethanol extract of Pemphis acidula leaves has the potential as an anti-diabetic agent.
Watershed Rehabilitation Program related to the Management of River and Reservoir Sedimentation in Indonesia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Problems of sedimentation in Indonesia are basically caused by population problems (i.e., high population density, high population growth and unequal distribution) and improper use of the land without appropriate soil conservation measures. The erosion rate on dry land reached nearly 4 cm a year and a t present 8.5 million hectares are considered as critical lands. The government of Indonesia has made great efforts to control soil erosion and sedimentation through the watershed rehabilitation program in 36 groups of priority watersheds based on Presidential Instruction Projects. Regreening projects on private lands have involved more than 1.95 million hectares and reforestation projects on state forest areas have an annual target of about 300 000 hectares. These projects have increased land productivity, provided more permanent labor opportunities and have been investigated as economically feasible actions. The government h a s created, with ample funds, a large field organization as a culmination of all efforts in finding a solution for more effective erosion and sedimentation control.
Development of post-fire crown damage mortality thresholds in ponderosa pine

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Previous research has shown that crown scorch volume and crown consumption volume are the major predictors of post-fire mortality in ponderosa pine. In this study, we use piecewise logistic regression models of crown scorch data from 6633 trees in five wildfires from the Intermountain West to locate a mortality threshold at 88% scorch by volume for trees with no crown consumption. For trees with &gt;40% crown consumption volume, linear regression indicates &gt;85% mortality, but for trees with crown consumption volume &lt;40%, there is a statistically significant, linear relationship between increasing crown scorch and increasing probability of mortality. Analysis of an independent 600+ tree dataset from Colorado produced similar results and supports the analysis approach. Crown scorch volume (&gt;85%), crown consumption volume (&gt;40%), and crown consumption between 5 and 40% combined with crown scorch volume &gt;50% mortality thresholds could be incorporated into post-fire marking guidelines for forest management goals.
Comparison of Light Emitting Diode Phototherapy vs Conventional Phototherapy for Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia: A Quasi-experimental Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common problem encountered during the neonatal period. Phototherapy is a widely accepted, cheap, non-invasive relatively safe and effective method of treatment for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Aim: To compare the efficacy of Light Emitting Diode (LED) phototherapy vs Conventional Phototherapy for treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term neonates. Materials and Methods: A quasi experimental study was conducted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Post-natal wards in a tertiary care hospital affiliated to Medical College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat from July 2018 to April 2019 with a sample size of 135 in each group. They were assessed clinically by Kramers method just before initiation of phototherapy, then using Transcutaneous Bilirubinometer (TCB) Total Serum Bilirubin (TSB) level was measured. Bilirubin assessment by these methods were done for every neonate before initiation of phototherapy and then again repeated after 24 and 48 hours of phototherapy. Data was collected and analysed in Microsoft (MS) excel Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 0.26. Chi-square test was used for comparison. Results: In the present study, 158 (58.51%) babies were male and 112 (41.48%) babies were female. Initially, LED was found to be better than Compact Fluorescent (CFL) conventional phototherapy on comparing the average fall in the serum bilirubin level from baseline during the first 24 hours however no such difference in the efficacy between the two light sources was seen after a period of 48 hours. Total 9 (6.66%) patients developed rebound hyperbilirubinemia after completion of conventional phototherapy whereas 14 (10.37%) developed rebound hyperbilirubinemia after completion of 48 hours of LED phototherapy. Conclusion: LED and conventional phototherapy were equally efficacious in managing non haemolytic hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term neonates.
MicroRNAs in Liver Regeneration

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Liver maintains a unique tremendous regeneration capacity in response to partial hepatectomy (PH) or injury. Hepatocyte proliferation critically contributes to the process of liver regeneration (LR), which is regulated by various cytokines and growth factors. However, the molecular basis of LR remains unclear. Emerging evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are involved in controlling hepatocyte proliferation during LR. In this review, an overview is provided to cover recent achievements in studies on the roles of miRNAs in LR. Studies on the regulatory effects of miRNAs and associated molecular mechanisms in LR will help enhance the understanding of the regenerative process and open up a new prospect for liver transplantation.
Clinico-Epidemiological Study Of Adult Acute Poisoning At Tertiary Care Centrein Hadoti Region: A Cross Sectional Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To study Clinico-epidemiological parameters of adult acute poisoning at tertiary care centre in Hadoti region of Rajasthan. Methodology: A prospective cross sectional was conducted on 50 patients, presenting to the Government medical college and associated group of hospitals of Kota, Rajasthan. The data about demography and laboratory parameters were collected after admission of the patient and analyzed. Results: The mean age of patients was 28.4(13.0-58.0) years. The proportion of male was 62%. Most common mode of poisoning was ingestion(98%). suicidal circumstance was in 45 (90%) (Male:Female=2:1) and accidental in 5 (10%) patients (Male:Female=1:4). Most of the suicidal poisoning cases (34%) from the age group 20 to 29 years. Insecticidal poisoning was the most common poisoning. In drug poisoning most common from sedative group or benzodiazepine group, in corrosive poisoning most common was Phenyl. The most common symptom was Vomiting (90%). 48 patients were successfully discharged from ward or ICU and 2 were expired from ICU. Conclusion: Study has provided a comprehensive overview of poisoning in Rajasthan, focusing on hospital data. The findings indicate that male gender and longer delays in seeking treatment at primary care facilities are associated with lower survival rates. The study highlights the need for increased public awareness about the importance of promptly transferring poisoning cases to hospitals, calling for attention from planners and policy-makers.
HIV Prevalence and Correlates of Receptive Needle Sharing Among Injection Drug Users in the Mexican-U.S. Border City of Tijuanat

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract-Injection drug use is a growing but understudied problem in Tijuana, a city situated on the northwestern Mexico-U.S border. The authors studied factors associated with receptive needle sharing in an effort to inform prevention activities. In 2003, street-recruited injection drug users (IDUs) in Tijuana underwent interviews on injection risk behaviors and rapid HIV antibody tests. Logistic regression was used to identify correlates of receptive needle sharing at the last injection episode. Of 402 IDUs, 87.6 % were male; the median age was 34. HIV prevalence was 4.01 % (95%Cl:
An Analog Side-Channel Attack on a High-Speed Asynchronous SAR ADC Using Dual Neural Network Technique

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This brief presents a side-channel attack (SCA) technique on a high-speed asynchronous successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The proposed dual neural network based on multiple noise waveforms separately discloses sign and absolute value information of input signals which are hidden by the differential structure and high-speed asynchronous operation. The target SAR ADC and on-chip noise monitors are designed on a single prototype chip for SCA demonstration. Fabricated in 40 nm, the experimental results show the proposed attack on the asynchronous SAR ADC successfully restores the input data with a competitive accuracy within 300 mV rms error.
Clinical study on endovascular recanalization of symptomatic non ⁃ acute middle cerebral artery occlusion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To assess the feasibility, safety and short⁃term outcomes of angioplasty and stenting for patients with symptomatic non⁃acute middle cerebral artery occlusion (SNAMCAO). Methods Eight SNAMCAO patients who failed in medical treatment and underwent endovascular recanalization, were collected from January to December 2019. The success rate, perioperative complications, prognosis and stent restenosis were summarized. Results In 8 cases, 7 cases succeeded and one case failed. Four cases occurred perioperative complications, including symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (2 cases), transient ischemic attact (1 case) and stent thrombosis (1 case). Seven to 13d after operation the modifical Rankin Scale(mRS)0-2 score were seen in 6 cases, 3 in one case and 4 in one case. Four months after operation one case occurred restenosis in the stent. Conclusions For patients with SNAMCAO, if medical treatment is not effective, endovascular recanalization can be considered, but the recanalization technique is complicated and the incidence of complications is still high. Therefore, the safety and necessity of endovascular recanalization need to be strictly evaluated. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.06.008