jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Chronic GnRH administration in prepubertal male pigs. A model to evaluate the effects of GnRH treatment in cryptorchidism.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The effect of chronic pulsatile low-dose GnRH treatment on the juvenile testis and associated structures was evaluated in relation to hormonal parameters in the peripheral blood in the pig. Starting at 8 weeks of age, male pigs (crossbreds of Dutch Landrace and Yorkshire breeds) were injected 6 times daily im with 0, 75 or 250 ng GnRH/kg body weight during 4 weeks. Immediately after the treatment period, a GnRH stimulation test with 750 ng GnRH/kg iv was carried out. Samples for plasma LH, FSH, testosterone and 5 alpha DHT measurement were obtained weekly (basal level) and after GnRH stimulation. The pigs were castrated at 12 weeks of age and the weights and lengths of the testis, epididymis and cremaster muscle were recorded. Intratesticular testosterone and 5 alpha DHT concentrations were determined, and the testis and epididymis were evaluated for histological changes. Basal plasma hormone concentrations, intratesticular androgen concentrations and the response of the pituitary gland to stimulation had not been affected by GnRH treatment. Pigs receiving the higher treatment dose of GnRH showed less increase in testosterone levels in response to the stimulation dose at 12 weeks of age than the other pigs. Morphologically, no changes were observed in the epididymis and cremaster muscle after GnRH treatment and no signs of reactivation of structures that can provoke testicular descent could be seen. The development of the seminiferous epithelium was more advanced in the GnRH-treated groups, apparently in a dose-dependent manner.
The Epidemiology of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Among Heterosexuals

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

THE PURPOSE of this article is to inform health care professionals about the extent to which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are spreading to the heterosexual population in this country. In this introduction, we present generalities about the sexual revolution (which represent our interpretation of readings of the popular press) and review the chronology of risk groups for AIDS identified by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). In later sections, we discuss and critique data concerning heterosexual spread of HIV infection and AIDS reported in the United States and in other parts of the world. Finally, we reiterate the Public Health Service's recommendations designed to reduce sexual transmission of HIV infection. Over the last several decades, many societies have undergone a sexual revolution of vast magnitude. Several recent technological advances have preceded this revolution. The discovery of penicillin and other antibiotics that control some sexually
Patient Safety Over Power Hierarchy: A Scoping Review of Healthcare Professionals' Speaking-up Skills Training

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Communication failures in healthcare constitute a major root cause of adverse events and medical errors. Considerable evidence links failures to raise concerns about patient harm in a timely manner with errors in medication administration, hygiene and isolation, treatment decisions, or invasive procedures. Expressing one's concern while navigating the power hierarchy requires formal training that targets both the speaker's emotional and verbal skills and the receiver's listening skills. We conducted a scoping review to examine the scope and components of training programs that targeted healthcare professionals' speaking-up skills. Out of 9,627 screened studies, 14 studies published between 2005 and 2018 met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the existing training exclusively relied on one-time training, mostly in simulation settings, involving subjects from the same profession. In addition, most studies implicitly referred to positional power as defined by titles; few addressed other forms of power such as personal resources (e.g., expertise, information). Almost none addressed the emotional and psychological dimensions of speaking up. The existing literature provides limited evidence identifying effective training components that positively affect speaking-up behaviors and attitudes. Future opportunities include examining the role of healthcare professionals' conflict engagement style or leaders' behaviors as factors that promote speaking-up behaviors.
Achieving Scalable Push Multicast Services Using Global Name Resolution

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a novel approach to achieving scalable push multicast services using the distributed global name resolution service associated with emerging name-based network architectures. The proposed named-object multicast (NOMA) scheme employs unique names to identify multicast groups while using the global name resolution service (GNRS) to store the tree structure and maintain current mappings to mobile end-user addresses. The NOMA scheme achieves improved scalability and performance over conventional multicast protocols such as PIM-SM and MDSP by taking advantage of the GNRS to simplify tree management and limit control overhead. Performance evaluation results including comparisons with IP multicast are given using a combination of analysis and NS-3 simulation. The results show good scalability properties along with low control overhead for medium to large multicast groups. In addition, NOMA seamlessly handles mobility for end-hosts subscribed to a group, avoiding data losses upon mobility events. Results further demonstrate how separating names from addresses enables NOMA to dynamically forward traffic to mobile users. In conclusion, we describe a proof-of-concept prototype developed for further experimental validation of the proposed NOMA multicast routing scheme.
MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF THE BLOOD‐TUMOR BARRIER IN BRAIN METASTASIS FROM BREAST CANCER

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Brain metastases of breast cancer are increasing in incidence; chemotherapy is generally ineffective due to poor overall uptake, and heterogeneous permeability. Herein, functional components of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB)/blood‐tumor barrier (BTB) were characterized in highly permeable and poorly permeable experimental brain metastases from breast cancer. Brain seeking variants of 3 breast cancer cell lines, MDA‐MB‐231‐BR6, JIMT‐1‐BR3, and SUM190‐BR3 were injected into the left cardiac ventricle of mice to produce brain metastases. Mice were injected with 3kd Texas Red dextran and sterilely perfused; highly permeable metastases were identified by exudation of red dye. Immunofluorescence expression of BTB functional components was quantified in uninvolved brain, highly permeable metastases, and poorly permeable metastases. We report a significant increase in endothelial cell and neuroinflammatory components in brain metastases compared to uninvolved brain in all 3 models. There was no trend in these markers in highly permeable versus poorly permeable metastases. Interestingly, increased expression of the desmin+ subpopulation of pericytes was associated with highly permeable metastases compared to poorly permeable metastases in the 231‐BR6 (p=0.0002), JIMT‐1‐BR3 (p=0.004), and SUM190‐BR3 (p=0.008) models. This increase was accompanied by a decrease in CD13+ pericytes in the 231‐BR6 (p=0.014), JIMT‐1‐BR3 (0.002), and SUM190‐BR3 (p=ns) models. Findings for both pericytes populations were corroborated in human craniotomy specimens. Preliminary functionality experiments demonstrated increased permeability in an in vitro model of the BTB with desmin+ pericytes compared to CD13+ pericytes. These alterations provide testable hypotheses for the development of new targeted therapeutic strategies to increase chemotherapeutic delivery to brain metastatic lesions.
1087: Hemostasis During Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: Efficacy of a Multimodal Approach

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster, Tuesday, May 24, 2005, 8:00 - 10:00 am1 Apr 20051087: Hemostasis During Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: Efficacy of a Multimodal Approach Lee Richstone, Jay D. Raman, Michael A. Palese, Ravi Munver, R. Ernest Sosa, and Joseph J. DelPizzo Lee RichstoneLee Richstone More articles by this author , Jay D. RamanJay D. Raman More articles by this author , Michael A. PaleseMichael A. Palese More articles by this author , Ravi MunverRavi Munver More articles by this author , R. Ernest SosaR. Ernest Sosa More articles by this author , and Joseph J. DelPizzoJoseph J. DelPizzo More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)35243-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1087: Hemostasis During Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: Efficacy of a Multimodal Approach." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), p. 295 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 295 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Lee Richstone More articles by this author Jay D. Raman More articles by this author Michael A. Palese More articles by this author Ravi Munver More articles by this author R. Ernest Sosa More articles by this author Joseph J. DelPizzo More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Alternative Forms of Fit in Contingency Theory

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Support for this research was provided in part by the Wisconsin Job Service Division of the Department of Industry, Labor and Human Relations, the California Employment Department, and by the Program on Organizational Effectiveness of the Office of Naval Research under the contract number NOOO1 4-S4-K-001 6. This paper examines the selection, interaction, and systems approaches to fit in structural contingency theory. These are empirically examined as related to a taskcontingency theory of work-unit design in 629 employment security units in California and Wisconsin. Evidence was found to support the selection and systems approaches in these data but not the interaction approach. The generalizability of these findings is discussed in terms of using alternative approaches to fit to explain context-structureperformance relationships in contingency theory.
Hubungan Derajat Luka dan Lama Menderita dengan Quality of Life pada Penderita Ulkus Diabetik di Klinik Ikram Wound Care Center Kabupaten Majene

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Diabetic ulcer is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus that had a detrimental effect on the patients’ physical and psychological state. These may impede patients' activity and productivity, therefore, it may reduce the quality of life of the patients. This study aimed to find out the relationship between the degree of the wound and the length of suffering to the quality of life in patients with diabetic ulcers at the Ikram wound care center Majene. The design of this study used a cross-sectional study design with a sample size of 36 respondents obtained by consecutive sampling methods, the data collections utilized the world health organization quality of life (WHOQOL) –BREF questionnaire and the degree of the wound and length of suffering observation sheet. The data were statistically analyzed using a chi-square test. The p-value of wound degree and quality of life was 0.251, this indicated that there was no relationship between the degree of the wound and the quality of life, furthermore, p-value of the length of suffering and quality of life was 1.000 which indicated that there was no relationship between the length of suffering and the quality of life.
A Need Assessment of Integrated Science Teaching Material Based Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Indonesia’s ranking on the 2018 PISA results, Indonesia was ranked 70 out of 78 countries that participated in the OECD with an average score of 396. The purpose of this study was to analyze the need for the development of HOTS-based integrated science teaching materials for grade VI elementary schools. The research data were obtained through literature study, documentation, observation and interviews. The data analysis involved several steps, namely, data reduction, categorization, validity checkings, interpretation, and inferences. The things analyzed include: 1) Local conditions of the school, 2) Student books and teacher books, 3) Curriculum, and 4) Student characteristics. The results of this research showed that students only use books from the government. There are no HOTS based books yet. Based on the result, the development of HOTS based integrated science teaching materials in grade VI elementary schools is required.
Effect of calcitriol replacement on serum calcitonin and parathyroid hormone levels in CAPD patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Calcitonin-secreting cells, ‘C cells’, have specific receptors for calcitriol, thus the calcitriol deficiency in uraemia may affect calcitonin secretion and/or production. The aim of the present study was to evaluate in CAPD patients the effect of calcitriol replacement (4 weeks of oral calcitriol, 0.5 ng/day) on both, basal calcitonin concentration and calcitonin response to calcium infusion (calcium gluconate, 3 mg/kg/h). Calcitriol replacement produced a normalization of serum calcitriol level without a significant change in serum calcium concentration. After calcitriol replacement, basal calcitonin increased from 78 ± 15 to 101 ± 13pg/ml, P&lt;0.05. The increment in calcitonin induced by a calcium infusion was lower after (15±4pg/ml) than before (29±4pg/ml) calcitriol replacement. In addition, calcitriol administration induced a decrease in serum PTH level. Replacement of calcitriol in CAPD patients produced an increase in serum calcitonin concentration and a decrease in the calcitonin response to hypercalcaemia.
P3.393 Iknowmine.org - a Comprehensive Wellness Website For Alaska Native Youth

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background

Alaska has some of the highest rates of Chlamydia and gonorrhoea in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ranked Alaska #1 for Chlamydia and #3 for gonorrhoea in 2010. When iknowmine.org first launched in December 2009, Alaska was experiencing a gonorrhoea outbreak and endemic rates of Chlamydia. Alaska Native people, especially youth and women, shouldered the largest burden. Evidence from a focus group project with Alaska Native youth suggested that sexual health initiatives need to use the internet to reach adolescents with STD/HIV education and testing messages.

Methods

To help Alaska Native youth on their wellness journey, iknowmine was recreated as a culturally appropriate, readily accessible and comprehensive youth health resource addressing many issues that matter to youth – relationships, emotional health, nutrition, safety, drug and alcohol use and sexual health. On iknowmine.org youth can find accurate health information on a variety of topics, text to ask health questions and order free condoms and at-home STD testing kits, download educational materials, watch digital storeys and more. The website also incorporates social media like Facebook and Twitter to reach a larger audience.

Results

Between January 2010 and January 2013, 23,887 new visitors frequented iknowmine.org. Since its inception, 514 visitors have registered as iknowmine users. Iknowmine.org has received 226 condom orders, which equals about 4,520 condoms that were mailed to rural and urban Alaska residents. Free at-home STD testing is offered through a partnership with the Johns Hopkins University’s I Want the Kit (IWTK) programme. In 2012, 342 testing kits were ordered and 132 returned with an overall return rate of 39%. Among returned kits, 14 participants tested positive for Chlamydia, two for gonorrhoea and Chlamydia and four for trichomonas.

Conclusion

Iknowmine.org has been successful in reaching a large audience with HIV/STD education and resources.
Transition to a Low Carbon Economy: A Case of Commercial Banks of Sri Lanka

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Banks have understood that, for their own reasons and from the standpoint of their stakeholders, they cannot afford to continue along the usual road of fostering green economic development initiatives at this point in the cycle. Therefore, the banks have put ecological and digital objectives on the same level of importance as policies on environmental management systems in their strategic planning. To be more specific, achieving the low-carbon economy target would require not only limiting transition and practices to allow them to peak and carbon emissions reductions to peak, but also putting in place a number of activities and initiatives, as well as regulations, to achieve the desired results. After describing how banks are moving toward low-carbon executions, the study explains how they are putting their ideas into practice in order to reach their goals
A study of consumer technology acceptance differences by type of unmanned convenience store in Korea - Focusing on servicescape factors along the customer decision journey -

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

코로나19로 인한 비대면 소비 증가와 인건비 부담, ICT 발전이 소매업에 무인화를 불러왔고, 특히, 심야 운영 매장이 많은 편의점에서 무인화 추세가 급속도로 성장하면서 무인매장에 리테일테크가 빠른 속도로 적용되고 있다. 기존 연구에서는 주로 무인매장의 리테일테크 적용사례나 전반적인 매장환경 구성 중심의 소비자만족이나 이용의향 요인을 파악하는데 집중되어 있었던 반면, 리테일테크 발전 수준을 세분화하여 현재 소비자의 기술수용성이 어느 수준인지 탐색한 시도는 상대적으로 희박한 실정이다. 본 연구는 리테일테크의 발전 수준을 무인편의점의 유형으로 구분하여 소비자가 무인편의점 기술에 어떻게 받아들이고 있는지, 기술수준에 따라 소비자의 인식이나 행동에 차이가 있는지를 파악하기 위해 진행되었다. 연구를 진행하기 위해서 문헌고찰을 통해 무인매장 및 무인편의점의 개념과 유형을 정의하고, 무인편의점에 적용된 기술 조사를 한 후, 고객 구매 여정 단계에 맞춰 서비스스케이프 요인을 도출하였다. 이를 기반으로 설문조사 항목을 구성하여 리테일테크 적용 수준이 양극단에 있는 무인편의점 유형별로 방문의향에 차이가 있는지에 대한 분석을 진행하였다. 연구결과, 리테일테크 적용 수준이 서로 다른 무인편의점의 유형별로 소비자 경험에 차이가 나타났다. 셀프결제형 무인편의점은 결제단계, 스마트형 무인편의점은 입장단계 편리성이 이용의향에 영향력이 높은 차이를 보이고 있어, 향후 무인편의점 매장 확대 시, 무인편의점 유형별 주요 요인을 고려한 개선이 필요하다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 리테일테크 기반의 무인편의점을 소비자가 좀 더 편리하게 이용할 수 있는 환경을 구성하는데 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다.
Treatment of textile wastewater using monolayered ultrafiltation ceramic membrane fabricated from natural kaolin clay

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Fabrication, characterization and application of ceramic membrane developed from Tunisian natural kaolin clay for textile wastewater treatment are presented in this study. The morphology and properties of the resulting membrane sintered at 1000°C for 3 h were then determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), mechanical and chemical resistance and water permeability. Separation performance of the membrane was evaluated during the treatment of textile wastewater. SEM images reveal the homogeneous surface of the membrane. The membrane displayed good chemical and mechanical resistances as well. Its permeability was of 21.2 L.h -1.m-2.bar-1, indicating that separation performance could occur in the domain of Ultrafiltration (UF). Performances of the membrane during the treatment of raw and biologically pretreated textile effluents are promising in terms of the removal of colour (99% for the raw effluent and 100% for the biologically pretreated effluent), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (80% for the raw effluent and 93% for the biologically pretreated effluent) and turbidity (98% for the raw effluent and 100% for the biologically pretreated effluent).
Socially Designed: A Prescription for Brain Health

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

<p>Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia among middle-aged and older adults (Gale, Acar & Daffner, 2018). In addition to the impact of dementia on individuals and the people close to them, the worldwide cost of dementia was estimated to be US$818 billion in 2015 and is projected to triple by 2050 (Livingston et al., 2017). Currently, AD has no cure or treatment. However, the research on prevention or the delay of onset is promising. AD has modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors; by targeting the modifiable risk factors, the disease can be prevented. Modifiable factors include nutrition, and physical and social activity, amongst others (Livingston et al., 2017; Polidori, Nelles, & Pientka, 2010). This research will address the social activity factor from a design perspective by asking how we can design for social activity in a way that promotes brain health. In particular, social support, a social function which was found to have positive effects on cognitive health, will be explored (Zuelsdorff et al., 2019). This research has utilised the actor-network theory as a theoretical framework in combination with human-centred design methodology. Methods such as literature reviews, interviews, cultural probes, and rapid prototyping helped gather data and conduct design iterations. Based on the iterative design process and the data gathered through it, a new design is proposed. The design aims to increase social support in combination with other brain health activities both in online and offline settings. Based on this research, design guidelines that could be used by designers, online and offline communities, and organisations are proposed, alongside directions for future research.</p>
The research of inorganic scale dissolver

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In view of the inorganic scale problem presented in the Bohai oilfield downhole,this article performed a detailed analysis and comparison of all the types of domestic and foreign acidizing. At last the mixture of the solid organic acid A and inorganic solid acid B is chosen as the cleaning system.First,by measuring the dirt soluble effect with different concentrations of acid,the optimum proportion of the acid of the complex is determined as follows,10 % organic acid A+5 % inorganic acid B. According to the mechanism of the reaction of citric acid and iron rust,ammonia is used to adjust the p H,and through experiments found that the best p H value to remove rust is within the range of 3~4. Secondly, in accordance with the static hanging piece corrosion testing method, several single inhibitors and the compositions are evaluated, and found that the compound inhibitor 0.05 % sulfourea +0.5 % OF-16 system has good corrosion inhibition effect.Finally,in order to totally flow back the workover fluids to prevent the formation of emulsions,the low interfacial tension cleanup concentrated liquid is filtered out,and eventually draw the basic ratio of inor-ganic scale dissolver,10 % organic acid A+5 % inorganic acid B+1 % cleanup concentrated liquid+0.05 % sulfourea +0.5 %HYH-201 F.