jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric Labour Markets in a Converging Europe: Do Differences Matter?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In this paper we investigate whether differences we observe in European labour market transmission mechanisms matter for monetary policy design. We are particularly concerned with the robustness of the choice of rule by the European Central Bank (ECB) but we also comment on the choice of rules in the UK. Three different models of labour markets are constructed, one where the relationships are estimated separately, one where the most statistically acceptable commonalities across countries are imposed and one where common relationships are imposed across all countries. Panel estimation techniques are used to test for commonalities. These models are embedded into the National Institute's Global Econometric Model, NiGEM, and stochastic simulations are run to evaluate different monetary policy rules.
[The reasons for the application of endolymphatic therapy in the treatment of purulent lung diseases, complicated by empyema of the pleura].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Klaforan pharmacodynamics was studied up in pleural exudate and blood serum of the patients with purulent-destructive pulmonary diseases after its single endolymphatic and intravenous introduction in the dose 60 mg/kg of the body mass. Convalescence frequency in control group was 61.6%, in principal-82.9%, lethality-18.6 and 9.3% accordingly.
Meeting abstracts of Colossal Facet Conference - 2nd World Congress on Cancer 2018 "Oncology and Cancer therapeutics in the 21st century"

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment is an open access journal focused on cancer metastasis and treatment, including the occurrence, development, progression, metastasis, and treatment of oncologic disease. It covers basic, translational and clinical research related to cancer cell biology, genomics, precision medicine, oncology internal medicine, radiotherapy and radiology, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, surgery, hematology, neurooncology, etc.
Technology for spinal cord injury rehabilitation and its application to youth

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in a sudden, devastating loss of function. SCI is particularly challenging for the pediatric and adolescent populations who, under normal circumstances, are still achieving developmental milestones, but following SCI face additional barriers posed by paralysis and the accompanying secondary complications. Advancing technology in rehabilitation is changing the course of how people with spinal cord injury participate in rehabilitation. Technology plays an ever-increasing role in both restorative and compensatory rehabilitative interventions. While the practical or functional needs of the pediatric patient may differ from those of the adult, technology can and does play a role in restoring function for this population. Applications of technology span broad areas, providing improved options for care in grasp and manipulation, seating and mobility, augmentative and alternative communication, electronic aids to daily living, and computer access and use. This article reviews select applications of technology that have great impact on the functional needs of people with spinal cord injury (SCI): therapeutic and functional stimulation, EMG biofeedback and EMG-triggered stimulation, assistive technology for computer access, and implanted functional electrical stimulation systems. Some of these technologies are already in use in the pediatric population, while some are not – yet have great potential for restoring function in this group. The challenges and potential solutions for implementing these technologies in the pediatric population are discussed.
Autonomous Robot for Identification of Soil Parameters and Collecting Scrap from Farm

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

According to UNICEF solid waste can be classified into biodegradable and non biodegradable. Non biodegradable wastes cannot be decomposed by biological process. Plastics and other metals in agricultural field cause many troubles. The presence of these materials causes soil degradation. Common attributes of soil degradation can be salting, waterlogging, compaction, pesticide contamination. It also decline in soil quality, fertility loss, acidity, alkalinity, salinity, and erosion. Soil degradation also has a huge impact on biological degradation, and chemical transformation properties of the soil.In Modern world, Automation robot is used in many of the fields such as defense, surveillance, medical field, industries and so on. In this paper, the robot system is used to identify the soil parameters such as humidity, temperature and soil moisture and conducting and non conducting materials from the farm and remove it from the farm autonomously. . The presence of these scrap make the land infertile. The aim of the paper is to reduce the man power, time and to make the soil fertile.In order to avoid this, our robot will pick up the unwanted scrap from the farm.Here we use arduino as a controller.In our project we use RFID technology for robot navigation in the farm.For identifying the materials in the soil we use inductive and capacitive proximity sensors.Ultrasonic sensors are used for obstacle detection.For removing these materials we use pick and place robot.
New and Interesting Plant Records from Northern Indiana

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The following new and interesting records of plants, chiefly from St. Joseph County and vicinity, are mostly recently made, or within the last two years. Some of these reports suggest that a more painstaking search would undoubtedly lead to still more important finds because, although many of the natural habitats are rapidly being destroyed, specimens often remain a long time in unfavorable conditions before finally disappearing altogether. Lycopodiumn obscurum L.: Tamarack Bog, Chain of Lakes, VII. 20. 1930. Lycopodiuin cornplanatu'n L.: Tamarack Swamp, 6 miles SW of South Bend, Wolverton's Estate, VII. 20., VIII. 1. 1930. Thelypteris hexagonoptera (Michx.) Weatherby: 5 miles E of Pin Hook Bog, VII. 20. 1921, woods; 3 miles NE of Pin Hook Bog, VII. 20. 1929, Laporte Co.; Woods N of Wharton Lake, VII. 20. 1930.
Two-dimensional binary arrays with constant sidelobe in their PACF

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A survey is presented of different methods for constructing binary arrays with constant PACF sidelobes. For each method the sizes, numbers of elements, and PACF sidelobe level of the resulting binary arrays are specified. Binary arrays with vanishing sidelobes are considered in detail. Properties of the discrete Fourier transform of arrays with constant PACF sidelobes are examined. These properties are shown to be of great importance in acoustics.< >
Operating characteristic evaluation of a human scale tele-operating system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the medical field and biotechnology application, a new type of human scale teleoperating system used to carry out three-dimensional high-speed micromanipulation is demanded urgently. In this paper, we deal with a human scale teleoperating system. Is order to operate microobject in human scale (the working table or micromanipulator) with multi-DOFs, a macrohicro mechanism system is proposed. Firstly, we design a precision parallel micromechanism with 6 DOFs (10 p n moving range, 10 nm resolving power), and compose the macrolmicro mechanism. Then, we also did the complex control for the macrolmicro mechanism. The experimental results indicate the proposed Macrolmicro mechanism can be controlled by teleoperation, and it is very useful for human scale micro operation system.
Quantitative Fit Factor Evaluation of Schistosome Topical Antipenetrant (TAP)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A quantitative fit factor evaluation was conducted to determine the effect of Schistosome Topical Antipenetrant (TAP) on protective mask face seal leakage. This test was conducted on 16 male soldiers. Three test conditions were evaluated. The control condition consisted of the standard M17 and M40 chemical- biological protective masks with no TAP applied on the face. The other two conditions were wet TAP and TAP which had been applied to the face and neck and permitted to dry for 30 minutes. Testing revealed no significant effect on mask fit as a result of using Schistosome TAP. Schistosome TAP, M40 Mask, M17 Mask, Fit factor.
Abstract 10471: Prognostic Significance of Soluble Programed Cell Death Ligand-1 on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Programmed Death-1(PD-1) and its ligand, PD-L1 regulate T cell proliferation and secretion of cytokines, leading to immunotolerance. A previous experimental study reported increased expression of PD-L1 in myocardium. Hence, PD-L1 could be associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We hypothesized that serum soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) could be associated with cardiovascular events. We prospectively investigated the association between the serum levels of sPD-L1 and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with ASCVD. Methods: We prospectively measured sPD-L1 in patients with ASCVD admitted to Kumamoto University Hospital using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit and observed the occurrence of cardiovascular events between December 2017 and June 2019. The primary outcome was a composite of death from any cause, death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, stroke, and heart failure hospitalization. We excluded patients complicated with cancer, hemodialysis, active collagen diseases, and inflammatory diseases. Results: Finally, 446 patients with ASCVD were enrolled. Median follow-up period was 322 days. A total of 153 events were recorded. Kaplan-Meier curve revealed that the higher sPD-L1 group (sPD-L1 ≧155pg/dL, median) showed significantly higher rate of cardiovascular events than the lower sPD-L1 group (19.2% vs. 28.1%, log-rank test: P =0.044). Univariate Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that creatinine, low density-lipoprotein cholesterol, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and higher sPD-L1 (≧155pg/dL) were significantly associated with cardiovascular events. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis by significant factors from univariate analysis identified that higher sPD-L1 [hazard ratio (HR): 1.699, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.023-2.823, P =.041) and BNP (HR: 1.001, 95% CI: 1.000-1.001, P =0.036) were significantly and independently associated with cardiovascular events. Conclusions: The higher levels of sPD-L1 were significantly associated with near future cardiovascular events in patients with ASCVD, suggesting sPD-L1 could be a novel prognostic predictor in patients with ASCVD.
Lab-based feasibility and acceptability of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in hip osteoarthritis rehabilitation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) could provide an alternative or adjunct treatment modality to induce muscle hypertrophy in the hip osteoarthritis population. This preliminary study evaluates the feasibility and acceptability of NMES to evoke involuntary muscle contractions in adults with advanced hip osteoarthritis. Methods Thirteen adults with moderate-to-severe hip osteoarthritis and fifteen healthy, older adults were invited to a lab-based testing session. NMES was applied unilaterally to the knee extensors and hip abductors for one continuous, five-minute testing session. Data were collected on device acceptability, tolerability and muscle contractile force, and compared between groups. Results Electrical stimulation of the knee extensors elicited a visible muscular contraction in 11 participants (85%) with hip osteoarthritis and 15 controls (100%) at an intensity acceptable to the participant. Electrical stimulation of the hip abductors elicited a muscular contraction in eight participants (62%) with osteoarthritis, and ten controls (67%). Muscle contractile force, pain, discomfort and acceptability did not differ between groups, however NMES of the knee extensors was favoured across all measures of assessment when compared to the hip abductors. Conclusions Electrical stimulation of the knee extensors may be a feasible and acceptable treatment modality to address muscle atrophy in adults with advanced hip osteoarthritis.
Examining the Relationship Between Rural and Urban Clinicians’ Familiarity With Patients and Families and Their Comfort With Palliative and End-of-Life Care Communication

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Effective healthcare clinician communication is a key component of quality palliative and end-of-life (PEOL) care. However, communication may be hampered when clinicians are not comfortable initiating these conversations with patients and their families. Clinicians working in rural areas report several barriers to providing palliative care. This study examined the relationship between rural and urban clinicians’ reported familiarity with their patients and families end-of-life, their reported comfort in initiating PEOL conversations, and their PEOL care knowledge. Method: This study used a cross-sectional design to examine the relationships between rural and urban clinicians’ familiarity, their comfort in PEOL communication, and their PEOL care knowledge. Results: N = 548 rural and urban clinicians participated. Rural clinicians reported greater familiarity, more PEOL knowledge, and more comfort with PEOL communication. Multiple regression analyses of PEOL knowledge showed significant associations in knowledge with older clinicians ( P < 0.01) and additional palliative care training ( P < 0.01); comfort in PEOL communication had significant associations with more palliative care training ( P < 0.01) and opportunities to provide palliative care ( P < 0.01). Conclusion: The concept of familiarity is highly complex and poorly understood in relation to PEOL care in both rural and urban settings. Future research is needed to explore how additional training in PEOL care and clinician reported familiarity positively impact patient outcomes by increasing the number of advance directives completed and followed and improved documentation of advance care planning.
Patchiness of deep‐sea communities in Papua New Guinea and potential susceptibility to anthropogenic disturbances illustrated by seep organisms

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The deep‐sea part of the ‘Papua Niugini Biodiversity Expedition’ surveyed the deep‐sea environments along the coasts of New Guinea Island in the Bismarck Sea, from the Vitiaz Strait to the border between Papua New Guinea ( PNG ) and Irian Jaya. This expedition was a follow‐up of the BIOPAPUA cruise (2010) that gave some of the first insights into the diversity of the deep‐sea fauna of the Bismarck and Solomon Seas for environments other than deep‐sea hydrothermal vents. The main aims of the cruise were to survey the diversity of the fauna of (i) hard bottoms that are typically found on deep seamounts, (ii) Astrolabe Bay from 200 m to about 1000 m, (iii) the chemosynthetic environments of the deep sea, including cold‐seep environments and plant debris. Astrolabe Bay was one of our targets because its topography allows sampling over the complete bathymetric gradient covered by our sampling gear (down to 1000 m depth), and the recent start of nickel refining activities in the bay is a potential threat to its marine fauna for which little reference data are available. Sampling in the bay revealed not only a diversified fauna associated with soft bottoms and plant debris, but also a chemosynthetic fauna typical of cold‐seep environments ( e.g . siboglinid worms and bathymodioline mussels) below the Ramu refinery. Although the refinery activities had officially started just one week before our work in the area, we observed impacts of these activities. Our molecular work indicates that the siboglinid tubeworm species and one of the two mussel species collected below the Ramu refinery have so far only been documented from this location, despite intensive sampling effort. This illustrates the potential destructive effects of human activities in areas where the diversity and uniqueness of deep‐sea communities are poorly understood.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE RESEARCH SINCE DARWIN'S TIME

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

“Light will be thrown on the origin of man and his history”: this was the single line that Charles Darwin devoted to human evolution in the Origin of Species, 150 years ago. Despite short, apparently incidental and innocuous, this sentence actually represented a “risky prediction”. In other words, Darwin’s claim was: whether natural selection is the basic mechanism of the origin of species, in general, there is no reason to exclude Homo sapiens from analogous circumstances. As a matter of fact, the debate that followed was focused on the phylogenetic relationship of our species with monkeys and apes. The circa twenty species of extinct hominids that we know at present demonstrate that Darwin’s prediction was correct: light has been thrown. At present, the science of human origin (or paleoanthropology) appears to be able to shed light not only on our evolution, but also on mechanisms and patterns of the evolution in general. This paper contains a brief overview of the most important discoveries that characterised the history of paleoanthropology until about 30 years ago; this synopsis will be followed by an introduction to current methods of research, to briefly discuss the origin of our own species.
ARTIFICIAL PNEUMOTHORAX IN THE TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

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Mediation of adherence of streptococci to human endothelial cells by complement S protein (vitronectin)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The role of S protein in the adherence of group A and G streptococci to human umbilical vein endothelial cells cultivated in 96-well microdilution plates was studied by utilizing fluorescein-labeled streptococci. The assay proved suitable for quantitative determination of bacterial adherence to cultured endothelial cells for all tested strains of streptococci. Only bacterial strains with significant S protein binding but weak fibronectin binding were included in these studies. Fibronectin-mediated adherence to endothelial cells of these streptococci was less than 25% of total and could be blocked by antifibronectin immunoglobulin G. Further treatment of endothelial cell monolayers with anti-S protein immunoglobulin G at concentrations up to 1 mg per well led to an almost complete inhibition of adherence for all tested streptococcal cultures, indicating significant contribution of S protein in the streptococcus-endothelial cell interaction. Blocking of S-protein-binding sites on streptococci by preincubation with exogeneous S protein at a concentration of 10 micrograms per 4 x 10(7) streptococci led to about 75% reduction of S-protein-mediated adherence to endothelial cells. Trypsin pretreatment of group G streptococci and pronase pretreatment of group A and G streptococci, modifications known to destroy the bacterial binding sites of S protein, also inhibited the capacity of the streptococci for S-protein-mediated adherence to endothelial cells by 75 to 80%. These results indicate that S protein plays a mediatory role in adherence of streptococci to endothelial cells and that S-protein-specific binding sites on streptococci are involved in this interaction.
Micro Aerial Projector - stabilizing projected images of an airborne robotics projection platform

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A mobile flying projector is hard to build due to the limited size and payload capability of a micro aerial vehicle. Few flying projector designs have been studied in recent research. However, to date, no practical solution has been presented. We propose a versatile laser projection system enabling in-flight projection with feedforward correction for stabilization of projected images. We present a quantitative evaluation of the accuracy of the projection stabilization in two autonomous flight experiments. While this approach is our first step towards a flying projector, we foresee interesting applications, such as providing on-site instructions in various human machine interaction scenarios.
In vitro antibacterial activity of three medicinal plants-Boswellia (Luban) species

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To study in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity of hot water and methanolic extracts of the three medicinal plants- Boswellia (Luban) species. Methods Three selected plants were collected from different localities of Soqotra (Republic of Yemen), Dohfar (Sultanate of Oman) and Republic of Somalia. The plants were dried and extracted with two different solvents (methanol and hot water) to yield six crude extracts. The obtained extracts were tested for their antibacterial activity against eleven different bacterial strains and two fungi using the standard well-diffusion and micro-dilution methods. The following microorganisms were used: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), muti-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (0157 EHEC), Salmonella typhi, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilus (ATCC 6059, reference strain), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsella pneumonia, MRSA, Corynebacterium, Corynebacterium diphtheriae and two fungus: Candida maltosa and Candida albicans . Results The different extracts possessed different inhibitory activity against different types of bacterial species. The patterns of inhibition varied with the plant extract, the solvent used for extraction and the organisms tested. The antimicrobial activity exhibited by the methanolic extracts of Boswellia sacra from the Suqotra and Dhofar regions was greater than that of Boswellia frereana collected from Somalia. The methanolic extract of the oleo-gum-resin showed higher efficacy to inhibit all the tested bacterial strains than the methanolic extract of frankincense-resin . The Boswellia frereana collected from Somalia showed lower activity compared with the two other Boswellia species. The plant extracts showed bacteriostatic activity at lower concentrations and bactericidal activity at higher concentrations. Neither water nor methanolic extracts showed any activity against the fungi Candida maltosa and Candida albicans . Conclusions It can be concluded that the methanolic extracts of Boswellia (Luban) possess the highest antibacterial activity. Neither water nor methanolic extracts show any activity against Candida maltosa and Candida albicans.