jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Temporal and spatial distribution of global mitigation costs: INDCs and generation equity

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Each country’s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) pledges an emission target for 2025 or 2030. Here, we evaluated the INDC emission pathway’s inter- and intra- generational equity by comparing the INDC pathway with an immediate emission reduction pathway by using AIM/CGE (Asian-pacific Integrated Model/Computable General Equilibrium). The results showed that, as compared with an immediate emission reduction pathway, the inter-generational equity status for INDC and post-INDC emission pathways is not favorable and the future generation suffers more from mitigation. Moreover, this conclusion was robust to the inequality aversion parameter of the discount rate. On the other hand, the INDC pathway has better intra-generational equity in the early part of the century than does the immediate emission reduction pathway with uniform carbon price across countries. However, intra-generational equity worsens later in the century. We suggest that an additional 20% emissions reduction in the INDCs would improve both inter- and intra-generational equity as compared to the current INDCs. We also suggest that countries should commit to more emissions reductions in the follow-up INDC communications and that continuous consideration for low-income countries is needed for global climate change cooperation after 2030.
DNA as an Antenna: A Quantum–Bioelectromagnetic Interface for Healing, Computation, and Cellular Intelligence

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

AbstractDNA has long been understood as the molecular carrier of hereditary information. Yet emerging research suggests a deeper role: DNA may operate as a functional quantum antenna capable of absorbing, emitting, and processing biological signals across the electromagnetic spectrum—from Schumann resonance to terahertz frequency ranges. This paper synthesizes evidence from molecular biophysics, quantum biology, electrodynamics, and epigenetics to propose a unifying framework in which DNA is both a biochemical archive and a bioelectromagnetic interface. We model the double helix as a multi-scale, fractal resonator, investigate proton tunnelling and spin effects in nucleobase interactions, and outline the dynamic feedback loop between DNA structure, cellular biofields, and environmental energies. We further map how the Endocannabinoid System (ECS), miRNA networks, and chromatin remodeling converge to translate field-level inputs into epigenetic and phenotypic changes. This model is extended into a three-tier experimental pathway—spanning in vitro resonance assays, real-time biofield analytics, and clinical neuroepigenetic trials. These findings suggest that DNA is not simply a passive genetic archive, but an active information-processing node that bridges quantum coherence, cellular regulation, and organismal adaptation. This work establishes foundational logic for next-generation therapeutics in regenerative medicine, trauma repair, and consciousness-based interventions.
New Algorithm For Solving Mixed Intuitionistic Fuzzy Assignment Problem

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In conventional assignment problem, cost is always certain. In this paper, Assignment problem with crisp, fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy numbers as cost coefficients is investigated. There is no systematic approach for finding an optimal solution for mixed intuitionistic fuzzy assignment problem. This paper develops an approach to solve a mixed intuitionistic fuzzy assignment problem where cost is not in deterministic numbers but imprecise ones. The solution procedure of mixed intuitionistic fuzzy assignment problem is proposed to find the optimal assignment and also obtain an optimal value in terms of triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. Numerical examples show that an intuitionistic fuzzy ranking method offers an effective tool for handling an intuitionistic fuzzy assignment problem.
FETO-MATERNAL OUTCOME;

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To compare the effects of epidural analgesia and parenteral nalbuphine in labouring women with term pregnancieson feto-maternal outcome. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial Setting: It was carried out in the Labour Room, Nishtar Hospital, MultanPeriod: From June 2009 to December 2009. Material and methods: A total of 60 patients were included in the study. Patients were divided intotwo groups, having 30 patients in each group. Results: In group-A, pain control was much better and satisfactory (VAS=00-1), duration of labourwas slightly prolonged and instrumental delivery was more common. Low Apgar score and birth asphyxia were seen in group-B. No babydeveloped RDS in both groups. Conclusions: Feto-maternal outcome is much better in women having epidural analgesia with bupivacaine ascompared to women having intramascular nalbuphine.
Functional Food Factor Database and Food Safety

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

機能性食品因子の各種疾患への予防作用を総説し，ヒトでの有効性，安全性評価のためにあたらしい疫学的方法の必要性を論じた．多種類のファイトケミカルの効能や安全性を評価するためには生体内での相互作用の検討も必要で，そのためには摂取量を包括的に把握できるようなファイトケミカルの食品含量データベースが必要である．私達の開発してきたデータベースを紹介し，フィールド調査に応用してファイトケミカル摂取量が妥当性をもって計算できることを示せた．また，ファイトケミカルの摂取量は必ずしも健康指標と相関する訳ではなく，肝機能，脂質代謝に悪影響をおよぼす可能性のあるものがあることが示唆された．これら結果はフィトケミカルの安全性評価に示唆をあたえるものであり，最近のイソフラボンの安全性に関する食品安全委員会の報告を例に，問題点を論じた．
Research of the Number and Installed Capacity of the Park of Hydroelectric Units of the Georgian Hydro Power Plants

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The Georgian power system with an annual electricity consumption of about 13 billion kWh is small, but has a number of technological features.As of 01.06.2021, there are 59 hydropower plants operating in Georgia with a total installed capacity of 3398.6 MW, among them 26 are medium and 32 are small, with an installed capacity in the range of 25-250 MW and 1-25 MW, respectively.26 medium and 32 small hydropower plants have a total installed capacity of 1828.2MW and 274 MW, respectively, and provide electricity in Georgia in the amount of 5.5 billion kWh of electricity, which is more than 60 % of all the country's electricity needs per year.A total of 142 hydroelectric units have been installed at Georgian hydroelectric power plants, the basis of the park is 114 units with a unit installed capacity of 1 to 25 MW, their total installed capacity is 1001.63MW.For the period up to 2027, more than 50 new medium and small hydroelectric power plants will be commissioned in Georgia.The experience of Georgian development of hydropower potential through the construction of medium and small hydropower plants, maybe interesting for the development of hydropower resources in Russia or other countries.
Table3_Construction and Comprehensive Analysis of the ceRNA Network to Reveal Key Genes for Benign Tracheal Stenosis.xlsx

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Objective: To explore the possible biological functions of the differentially expressed genes in patients with benign tracheal stenosis, and to provide a valuable molecular basis for investigating the pathogenesis of benign tracheal stenosis.</p><p>Method: Whole transcriptome sequencing was performed on blood samples collected from patients with benign tracheal stenosis and normal controls. Differentially expressed mRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA were analyzed using the DESeq2 package. The protein interaction networks for differentially expressed mRNAs were constructed by STRING. The results of gene co-expression network analysis, Starbase database prediction, and differential gene expression were combined to construct a competing endogenous RNA network. The transcription factors of key genes were predicted using the Network Analyst database and a transcription factor-mRNA regulatory network was constructed. The classical pathways, intermolecular interaction networks, and upstream regulatory components of key genes were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Finally, the DGIDB database was used to predict the potential therapeutic drugs to target the identified key genes.</p><p>Result: Based on mRNA, lncRNA and circRNA expression data, we found that differentially expressed mRNAs were enriched in oxygen transport, neutrophil activation, immune response, and oxygen binding. Then the pearson correlation between mRNAs of 46 key genes and lncRNAs and cricRNAs were calculated, and the correlation greater than 0.9 were selected to construct the co-expression network of “mRNA-lncRA” and “mRNA-cricRNA.” Moreover, a “lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA” network and a “circRNA-miRNA-mRNA” network were constructed. IPA analysis showed that the 46 key genes were significantly associated with inflammatory activation and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The constructed TF-mRNA regulatory network was composed of 274 nodes and 573 interacting pairs. 251 potential therapeutic drugs were identified from the DGIDB database.</p><p>Conclusion: This study analyzed the differential genes associated with benign tracheal stenosis and explored the potential regulatory mechanisms, providing a scientific reference for further studies on the pathogenesis of benign tracheal stenosis.</p>
Using the Task-Based Approach and Authentic Videos to Improve Listening and Speaking in a Group of Intermediate EFL Learners at the UCR Conversation English Program

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Para el docente de inglés como lengua extranjera es frecuente enfrentar el dilema de la correcta integración de la comprensión auditiva y de la expresión oral en el proceso de aprendizaje en sus aulas ya que tradicionalmente en los enfoques usados se tiende a separar las macro-destrezas. Esto obstaculiza la interacción oral en las situaciones de la vida real de los y las estudiantes. Con el fin de establecer una conexión entre la comprensión auditiva y la expresión oral se realizó el presente estudio donde se utilizaron materiales auténticos dentro del Enfoque de Tareas para simular escenarios reales. Con este objetivo se escogió un grupo de 16 estudiantes de nivel intermedio bajo de los Cursos de Conversación Inglesa de la Universidad de Costa Rica para impartirles un curso donde se utilizaran videos auténticos y se llevaran a cabo tareas de la vida real relacionadas con estos videos. Para la recolección de información se utilizaron encuestas, grabaciones de video/audio y un cuestionario. Por la implementación del Enfoque de Tareas usando videos auténticos como tarea modelo, fue claro que los estudiantes de nivel intermedio reprodujeron poco vocabulario y expresiones del video en la tarea, pero mejoraron en fluidez en el idioma debido a que se estableció un contexto, un propósito y un público meta, los cuales son elementos esenciales en la comunicación real.
Chapter Three. Coping With Violence In The Bible: A Response To Rainer Albertz

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter starts by summarizing Rainer Albertz's argument. It discusses the interconnection between two concepts, monotheism and violence, by taking Jan Assmann's provocative argument about monotheism in the Hebrew Bible as his point of departure. Assmann argues that the Hebrew Bible tells a story of the enforcement of monotheism as a history of violence. The chapter discusses the questions with the issue of defining violence and also focuses on one aspect of violence that occurs frequently in the Bible in order to point to the possible consequences for others then and now. Stereotyping is a form of violence that may seem relatively harmless, but it can easily lead to disrespect or vilification of outsiders; and some of these outsiders may, in fact, belong to the in-group. Keywords: Bible; Hebrew; Jan Assmann; monotheism; Rainer Albertz; violence
Semantic SLAs for Services with Q-SLA

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper reports the re-engineering efforts for OWL-Q, a prominent semantic quality-based service description language. These efforts have focused on making OWL-Q more compact without reducing its level of expressiveness as well as enriching it with semantic rules towards semantic validation of quality specifications and new knowledge derivation. It also presents a new OWL-Q extension called Q-SLA advancing the state-of-the-art by covering all possible information aspects needed which along with the semantic rules enable proper and automatic support to all service management activities. A particular use-case is also provided to highlight the main benefits of Q-SLA.
International comparisons of Irish alcohol taxation within the European Union in 2011.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This report was commissioned by the Drinks Industry Group of Ireland. â?¢	Introduction and objectives â?¢	Data â?¢	Type of alcohol taxation â?¢	VAT level â?¢	Irelandâ?Ts comparative ranking in excise â?¢	Quantitative differences in excise â?¢	Comparisons with selected economies â?¢	Impact on price â?¢	Summary
Investigation of Physiochemical Impact of Organic Molecule L-Lysine on Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate Single Crystal for Optoelectronics Applications

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) single crystals along with the incorporated 0.5 and 1% L-lysine, an organic molecule which possesses a good nonlinear response, were grown with the vision to meet the requirements of the optoelectronic industry. The inclusion of the L-lysine molecule in the crystal was confirmed by the XRD and EDX. The experiment not only confirms the inclusion level of the impurity but also the capability of the amino acid molecule to bond hydrogen within the crystal facet. A minor decrease in lattice parameters was reported for all ADP: L-lysine crystals compared with pure ADP. The structures of the grown crystals were identified as tetragonal with the space group I42d by the single-crystal XRD analysis. Vibrational signatures and functional groups were confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy. The thermal stability and decomposition temperatures of 0.5 and 1% L-lysine-added crystals were measured by TG/DTA and found to be 203 °C and 207 °C, respectively. The UV–visible transmission spectra prove a higher transparency for doped crystals as compared to pure crystals; therefore, these doped crystals can be considered the best option for the frequency doubling process in a broad range of visible and near-IR spectra. The improved hardness of the doped crystals was confirmed by the Vickers hardness data. The nonlinear optical (NLO) behaviour investigated using a second-harmonic generation (SHG) technique, indicating an efficient quadratic nonlinear coefficient of ADP: Lysine crystals at a 1064 nm initial wavelength, shows about 1.5-fold higher efficiency compared with undoped ADP.
Methods of conserving hay for feeding sheep in autumn.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Various methods of conserving spring pasture growth and feeding the pro-duct to sheep during the following autumn were assessed at Hamilton during 1966, 1967 and 1969 by the changes in live-weight of sheep fed these rations. Hay in conventional bales or in fodder rolls suffered very little loss in feeding value when left in the paddock for autumn feeding compared with hay stored in a shed. Ungrazed standing pasture left until autumn was inferior to all the hay treatments. If hay is to be fed to sheep in autumn, leaving it in the paddock in bales or in fodder rolls can result in substantial cost saving without detriment to animal performance. I.
Current Educational Trends in the Information and Library Science Curriculum

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper reports on an analysis of information published on the websites of North American schools of information and library science (ILS). The objective of the analysis was to determine new trends in educational practice in the form of new courses, course concentrations, and programs. New educational trends were primarily user-centered. Library educators should avoid placing too much reliance on the users' niche because it places them in an intermediary role. Information technology has had a devastating impact on intermediaries such as travel agents, realtors, and financial brokers. If librarians focus exclusively on users, they run the risk of becoming displaced. Instead, programs should stake out unclaimed or disputed areas such as the organization of information, content creation, authoritative information, and/or collection preservation. The paper concludes with the recommendation that ILS faculty should examine new content areas that schools are now offering and embark on new curricular opportunities that make sense in view of their view of the future, expertise on staff, available resources, and the resources they are able to secure to make changes at their institutions.
Epitaxial growth of chemically deposited cubic cadmium sulphide films on (100) indium phosphide

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Epitaxial growth of CdS films has been achieved on InP (100) by chemical deposition from aqueous solution. The structure of the film corresponds to the metastable cubic modification of CdS. The film quality has been investigated by reflection high-energy electron diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. The reasons for the preferential growth of the cubic structure are discussed.
A hemodynamic study of epidural versus intravenous anesthesia for aortofemoral bypass surgery.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The hemodynamic effects of two types of anesthesia on aortofemoral bypass surgery were studied in a randomised prospective trial. Epidural anesthesia supplemented with nitrous oxide (group I) and total intravenous anesthesia combining fentanyl and a continuous infusion of etomidate (group II) were compared. A high incidence of preoperative disease was found and all 18 patients were classified in ASA classes III-IV. It is concluded that epidural anesthesia provides excellent anesthetic and hemodynamic stability provided that an optimal filling pressure is maintained. Total intravenous anesthesia resulted in significant hypertensive reactions during surgery, which were not specifically related to crossclamping. Decreasing the high SVRI with vasodilatory treatment was necessary to treat hypertension in all those patients with preoperative hypertensive disease. No problems were seen in the intravenous group patients without preoperative hypertension. Cardiac work was higher in the intravenous group due to the high impedance of the cardiovascular system provoked by the absence of vasodilatory properties with this type of intravenous anesthesia. Monitoring of PWP and CI by Swan-Ganz catheter is shown to be very useful for optimalization of hemodynamics and fluid management especially during crossclamping, when normal Frank-Starling relationships might not be valid anymore. The effect of vasodilatory treatment, crossclamping and declamping could be carefully evaluated.
Neural network models for sequence-based TCR and HLA association prediction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

T cells rely on their T cell receptors (TCRs) to discern foreign antigens presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) proteins. The TCRs of an individual contain a record of this individual’s past immune activities, such as immune response to infections or vaccines. Mining the TCR data may recover useful information or biomarkers for immune related diseases or conditions. Some TCRs are observed only in the individuals with certain HLA alleles, and thus characterizing TCRs requires a thorough understanding of TCR-HLA associations. The extensive diversity of HLA alleles and the rareness of some HLA alleles present a formidable challenge for this task. Existing methods either treat HLA as a categorical variable or represent an HLA by its alphanumeric name, and have limited ability to generalize to the HLAs that are not seen in the training process. To address this challenge, we propose a neural network-based method named Deep learning Prediction of TCR-HLA association (DePTH) to predict TCR-HLA associations based on their amino acid sequences. We demonstrate that DePTH is capable of making reasonable predictions for TCR-HLA associations, even when neither the HLA nor the TCR have been included in the training dataset. Furthermore, we establish that DePTH can be used to quantify the functional similarities among HLA alleles, and that these HLA similarities are associated with the survival outcomes of cancer patients who received immune checkpoint blockade treatments.
Machine learning to predict biomass sorghum yields under future climate scenarios

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Crop yield modeling is critical in the design of national strategies for agricultural production, particularly in the context of a changing climate. Forecasting yields of bioenergy crops at fine spatial resolutions can help to evaluate near‐term and long‐term pathways for scaling up bio‐based fuel and chemical production, and for understanding the impacts of abiotic stressors such as severe droughts and temperature extremes on potential biomass supply. We used a large dataset of 28,364 Sorghum bicolor yield samples (uniquely identified by county and year of observation), environmental variables, and multiple approaches to analyze historical trends in sorghum productivity across the USA. We selected the most accurate machine learning approach (a variation of the random forest approach) to predict future trends in sorghum yields under four greenhouse gas (GHG) emission scenarios and two irrigation regimes. We identified irrigation practices, vapor pressure deficit, and time (a proxy for technological improvement) as the most important predictors of sorghum productivity. Our results showed a decreasing trend of sorghum yields over future years (on average 2.7% from 2018 to 2099), with greater decline under a high GHG emissions scenario (3.8%) and in the absence of irrigation (4.6%). Geographically, we observed the steepest predicted declines in the Great Lakes (8.2%), Upper Midwest (7.5%), and Heartland (6.7%) regions. Our study demonstrates the use of machine learning to identify environmental controllers of sorghum biomass yield and predict yields with reasonable accuracy. These results can inform the development of more realistic biomass supply projections for bioenergy if sorghum production is scaled up. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Plasma APE1/Ref-1 Correlates with Atherosclerotic Inflammation in ApoE−/− Mice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) is involved in DNA base repair and reducing activity. However, the role of APE1/Ref-1 in atherosclerosis is unclear. Herein, we investigated the role of APE1/Ref-1 in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (ApoE−/−) mice fed with a Western-type diet. We found that serologic APE1/Ref-1 was strongly correlated with vascular inflammation in these mice. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), endothelial cell/macrophage activation, and atherosclerotic plaque formation, reflected by atherosclerotic inflammation, were increased in the ApoE−/− mice fed with a Western-type diet. APE1/Ref-1 expression was upregulated in aortic tissues of these mice, and was co-localized with cells positive for cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) and galectin-3, suggesting endothelial cell/macrophage expression of APE1/Ref-1. Interestingly, APE1/Ref-1 plasma levels of ApoE−/− mice fed with a Western-type diet were significantly increased compared with those of the mice fed with normal diet (15.76 ± 3.19 ng/mL vs. 3.51 ± 0.50 ng/mL, p < 0.05), and were suppressed by atorvastatin administration. Correlation analysis showed high correlation between plasma APE1/Ref-1 levels and NLR, a marker of systemic inflammation. The cut-off value for APE1/Ref-1 for predicting atherosclerotic inflammation at 4.903 ng/mL showed sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 91%. We conclude that APE1/Ref-1 expression is upregulated in aortic endothelial cells/macrophages of atherosclerotic mice, and that plasma APE1/Ref-1 levels could predict atherosclerotic inflammation.