jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Fate of Selected Food-borne Pathogens during the Fermentation of Squid Shiokara

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Shiokara, a traditional fermented seafood in Japan, has never been reported to cause bacterial food poisoning. In this study, shiokara products were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Clostridium botulinum type E and the fates of these pathogens were determined during the fermentation of squid shiokara. V. parahaemolyticus declined rapidly and was not detectable after 12 days of fermentation. When shiokara was inoculated with mixtures of vegetative cells and spores of C. botulinum type E, the number of vegetative cells declined rapidly within 2 days, though the viable spores remained. S. aureus survived but did not grow or produce enterotoxin during the fermentation. These results confirmed the safety of traditional shiokara with respect to bacterial food hygiene. However, strict control of contamination by S. aureus throughout the manufacturing process is necessary, because the organism remained viable during fermentation.
MUSCULAR ACTIVITY AND BUBBLE FORMATION IN ANIMALS DECOMPRESSED TO SIMULATED ALTITUDES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1. Muscular activity during decompression causes bubble formation in the blood of intact bullfrogs. The amount of gas liberated depends on the degrees of muscular activity and supersaturation (as influenced by altitude). In decompressed dissected bullfrogs, bubbles appear in veins leading from active but not from inactive muscles. 2. Muscular activity during decompression similarly causes bubble formation in rats. Bubbles appear in veins coming from muscles, and often in the lymphatic system. Quiescent rats do not form bubbles. 3. Violent muscular activity before decompression favors bubble formation in bullfrogs during ensuing decompression, but it is less effective than exercise during decompression. The effect persists in large frogs for about an hour. 4. Pre-oxygenation for 2 to 4 hours before decompression reduces the incidence of bubble formation in decompressed bullfrogs. It thus has the same effect on bubble formation in bullfrogs as it does on the "bends" in man. The effect is presumably due to removal of nitrogen. 5. Possible mechanisms by which muscular activity causes bubble formation are discussed. The effects of mechanical agitation and of metabolic CO2 are considered to be the dominant factors.
Christ and Culture Revisited

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Christ and Culture Revisited Get access Christ and Culture Revisited. By D.A. Carson. Grand Rapids, Michigan and Cambridge, UK: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2008. 243 pp. $24.00. David K. Naugle David K. Naugle Dallas Baptist UniversityDallas, Texas davidna@dbu.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Church and State, Volume 51, Issue 2, Spring 2009, Pages 353–354, https://doi.org/10.1093/jcs/csp058 Published: 19 October 2009
Life threatening hypoventilation in kyphoscoliosis: successful treatment with a molded body brace-ventilator.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report sustained successful treatment of end-stage hypoventilation in a 37-yr-old patient with kyphoscoliosis caused by childhood poliomyelitis. The patient presented with progressive ventilatory failure, pure restrictive lung function, and no concurrent illness. He first responded to respiratory stimulation with medroxyprogesterone acetate and aminophylline. Because of skeletal deformity and the need for a chronic brace he was then fitted with a customized polyethylene foam body brace with an anterior free space and connecting hole for a Monaghan ventilator. No longer taking any medication, and with only nocturnal assisted ventilation, he now has normal daytime arterial blood gas values 20 months later. This approach may be useful in other patients with severe kyphoscoliosis.
Steady State Analysis of Nonlinear Circuit by using Generalized Power Series Expansion

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a method to analyze the electric circuit composed of linear subcircuit and nonlinear resistors, inductors capacitors and periodically excited sources. The method uses the generalized power series expansion formulas for nonlinear elements. Harmonic balance type nonlinear equation in the complex frequency domain to determine the steady state response has been obtained by the multinomial expansion theorem up to now. But the process to get the equation is very complicated and cumbersome, so we propose a new method based on the nonlinear steady state response method. This method is suited to the analysis of nonlinear circuit with multi-frequency excitation of arbitrary frequency separation.Practical computer algorithm is presented and validity of the method is shown by illustrative examples.
Rethinking Inadequacy: Constance Maynard and Victorian Autobiography

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In 1881 two women who were to become part of the history of Victorian feminism met: Constance Maynard (1849–1935), graduate of one of the first cohorts of women to enter Girton College and founder in 1882 of Westfield College for Women, and Bessie Rayner Parkes Belloc (1829–1925), friend of Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon and the “Langham Place” group of feminists, and former editor of the feminist English Women's Journal . In 1873 Maynard became the first woman in England to receive a degree in “moral sciences,” from Girton, and subsequently worked for six years as a headmistress and schoolmistress at two groundbreaking girls' schools, Cheltenham Ladies' College and the new St. Leonard's School in Scotland. When she met Belloc, she was living in London with her brother, taking art classes at the Slade School, and beginning discussions that would lead to the foundation of Westfield College, formed as an explicitly Evangelical-identified parallel to ecumenical Girton and also as the first college to prepare women for the examinations and degrees offered by the University of London.
Want to make an acid-soluble polymer?...Copolymerize with these amino-containing methacrylates

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAdvertisementNEXTWant to make an acid-soluble polymer?...Copolymerize with these amino-containing methacrylatesCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1961, 39, 46, 16Publication Date (Print):November 13, 1961Publication History Published online6 November 2010Published inissue 13 November 1961https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v039n046.p016Copyright © 1961 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (202 KB) SUBJECTS:Organic compounds Get e-Alerts
Aawareness On Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) And Prevention Of Sickle Cell Crisis In Patients Of Sickle Cell Anemia. A Questionnaire Based Study.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Aim: To assess the knowledge and attitude of sickle cell disease patients and their practice in preventing sickle cell crisis. Objective: 1.To create awareness, motivate, and impart health education and educate them about genetic/marriage counseling to affected families. 2. To evaluate outcome of periodic follow up, clinical management and intervention through local PHCs/Hospitals. Materials and method: It was a cross sectional study , conducted on 50 sickle cell disease patients attending the sickle cell clinic or admitted in AVBRH with sickle cell crisis, by giving them a self-administered questionnaire in local language. Study included patients from pediatrics, gynecology and medicine department. Thus, covering an age group from 3yrs – 33yrs. Results: A total of 50 sickle cell disease patients were surveyed in this study and only 32 patients (64%) were aware of being sickle cell positive, 14 (28%) of them knew how it is caused and 13 (26%) of them knew it is a hereditary disease, even though 70% of the patients were counseled about the disease. Only 8% of the patients underwent pre-marital counseling. Approximately 34% are availing treatment and adapting lifestyle modifications. Negative attitudes towards sickle cell disease were observed among 70-88% of patients. Conclusions: Despite fair knowledge of sickle cell anemia and disease in Vidarbha region, there is a need for improving interventional health educational programs regarding sickle cell, since negative attitudes and risky practices to sickle cell disease was documented. It was noticed that on creating awareness among the patients through this survey, a positive response was received from the patients, educating them about their disease, steps such as family screening, pre-marital screening and counseling and certain lifestyle modifications have been adapted by the patients.
Grain Flow for Rough Surfaces Considering Elastic/Inelastic Grain Collision

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Previous work by this group on an average lubrication equation for grain flow with roughness effects is extended to include grain-grain collision elasticity ranging from perfectly elastic to perfectly inelastic. The average lubrication equation is based on Haff’s grain flow theory, with flow factors from Patir and Cheng and Tripp’s use of perturbation. The derived flow factors are obtained as functions of rough surface characteristics, grain size and collision pattern. As collision energy loss approaches zero, the inelastic results approach those for perfectly elastic grain collision. The mathematical formulae for flow factors, grain/grain collision elasticity, grain size and roughness are presented, discussed. Predictions for the elastic and inelastic cases are graphically demonstrated and compared.
Compatibility of a petroleum spray oil and foliar zinc fertilisers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The performance of 7 commercial zinc (Zn) foliar nutrients sprays, based on sulfate (Top ZM), hydrated sulfate (Pivot Zinsol; Pivot Mangasol-zinc), oxide (Phosyn Zintrac), and ligninsulfonate (Spray-gro Zn PC; Spray-gro Zn/Mn PC; SJB), were assessed with and without addition of a horticultural petroleum spray oil (PSO), Ampol D-C-Tron NR. Foliar Zn deposition and absorption was quantified by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) after solvent washing and acid extraction. Effects on photosystem II were measured by chlorophyll fluorescence. Although none of the Zn sprays were soluble in PSO, all but Zn oxide could be suspended adequately before spraying. A partial emulsion break occurred with Zn sulfate and hydrated sulfates. All treatments increased the Zn content of leaves by an amount likely to alleviate Zn deficiency. Addition of PSO decreased deposition and absorption of Zn when used with the inorganic formulations or with Spray-gro Zn PC. Zinc deposition and absorption were increased by PSO in Spray-gro Zn/Mn PC, and were unaffected by PSO in SJB. Plant chlorophyll fluorescence and phosphorus content did not differ among treatments. The ligninsulfonates Spray-gro Zn/Mn PC and SJB were most compatible with Ampol D-C-Tron NR, and had relatively low potential for Zn pollution of the environment.
Effectiveness of Lemongrass Leaf Ethanol Extract Spray Preparation in Inhibiting the Growth of Diabetic Ulcer Isolate MRSA Bacteria

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus) is a type of grass from the order Graminales which is typical of tropical areas of Asia. Compounds contained in lemongrass leaves can inhibit the growth of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of spray preparations of lemongrass leaf extract in inhibiting the growth of MRSA bacterial isolates from diabetic ulcers. The research design of this study is quasi experimental. Data obtained from primary data by testing the inhibitory power of spray preparations against MRSA bacteria. The results obtained were analyzed using the One Way Anova statistical test. The diameter of the inhibition zone for MRSA bacteria in the 25% concentration ethanol extract spray preparation was 4 mm, the 35% concentration was 7 mm, the 45% concentration was 11 mm and the antibiotic Vancomycin was 12 mm. There are differences in the inhibition zone of spray preparations of ethanol extract of lemongrass leaves with concentrations of 25%, 35%, 45% and the antibiotic disc vancomycin with p value = 0.00 < α 0.05. Spray preparations of ethanol extract of lemongrass leaves with concentrations of 25%, 35% and 45% are not effective in inhibiting the growth of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria, however, the average zone of inhibition for spray preparations with ethanol extract of lemongrass leaves with a concentration of 45% is against MRSA bacteria. 11 mm is included in the strong category. Keywords: Lemongrass Leaves, MRSA Bacteria, Spray preparation.
PP455 [End of Life Care » Palliative care]: PALLIATIVE AND END OF LIFE CARE IN PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT - AN EXPERIENCE FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN SOUTH INDIA

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Sugumar, J.; Jayakumar, I.; Raj, R.; Uppuluri, R.; Vellaichamy Swaminathan, V. Author Information
Benthic remineralisation rates under contrasting sea-ice conditions in the deep Arctic Ocean

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Thinning sea ice and shrinking sea-ice coverage is currently changing production regimes in the pelagic and sympagic Arctic Ocean. It usually remains unknown, how these changes affect export fluxes and hence, benthic communities and remineralization rates in the Arctic deep sea. To tackle this question, we took sediment samples from two bathymetric transects in the Arctic Fram Strait - East Greenland continental slope and West Spitsbergen continental slope (i.e. HAUSGARTEN observatory) – characterized by annual high and low sea-ice coverage, respectively. We measured benthic oxygen consumption rates along with various biogenic parameters and characterized macro- and meiofauna communities. A comparison of the two bathymetric transects suggest that low sea-ice coverage may lead to increased food availability for deep-sea benthic communities and enhanced remineralization rates down to a depth of 2000 m. Below 2000 m depth, food availability and remineralization rates are less or even not affected by sea-ice coverage. Furthermore, our data indicate that from high to low sea-ice covered areas macrofauna abundances shifts from polychaete-dominated to nematode-dominated. Such a shift has not been found for macrofauna biomass and meiofauna abundance. This comparative study provides insights into deep-sea benthic activities and community structure in a region strongly influenced by global change. It could help to assess the fate of Arctic benthic ecosystems under future climate scenarios.
Completing the European Fundamental Rights Union

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The aim of this chapter is to show that the enforcement of Article 2 TEU values vis-à-vis MSs could benefit from the application of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights (CFR) also in instances where the current interpretation of Article 51 (1) CFR prevents this. This would be the case if the CFR were also applicable to purely domestic cases, eg—but not only—with regard to fundamental rights-relevant violations related to the values enshrined in Article 2 TEU. In this case, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) could prevent the violation of core EU values. The most important historical challenge to these values in Europe today is the systematic dismantling of the rule of law and democracy in certain MSs. It is the very purpose of fundamental rights to provide answers to such dangers. When one speaks of the rule of law and democracy, one necessarily also means fundamental rights. This chapter thus advocates an EU which perceives itself as a complete fundamental rights union. While the traditional interpretation of Article 51 (1) CFR had a balanced division of competence between the EU and its MSs in mind, the disregard of Article 2 TEU values triggers a clausula rebus sic stantibus: the neat federal balance can only be upheld if both ends stick to the original promise made. Two ways of completing the European Fundamental Rights Union are presented: treaty revision, on the one hand, and reinterpretation of Article 51 CFR, on the other hand.
Cytotoxicity and cytotoxic molecules in invertebrates

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Although lacking the components that characterize the acquired immunity systems of vertebrates, invertebrates nevertheless possess effective general innate immune mechanisms which exhibit striking parallels with those of vertebrates. These innate immune systems include both cellular and humoral elements. Invertebrate phagocytes synthesize both oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent molecules to combat infectious agents. Cytotoxic substances employed by invertebrates include reactive intermediates of oxygen and nitrogen, antimicrobial peptides, lectins, cytokine- and complement-like molecules, and quinoid intermediates of melanin. The signal transduction pathways that are involved in mediating the production of these substances appear to be very similar among animal species, suggesting a common ancestral origin for the innate immune systems. BioEssays 22:469—480, 2000. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An Algorithm for DC Segmentation of AC Power Systems to Mitigate Electromechanical Oscillations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the last decades, various events have shown that electromechanical oscillations are a major concern for large interconnected Alternative Current (AC) power systems. DC segmentation - a method that consists in turning large AC grids into a set of asynchronous AC clusters linked by Direct Current (DC) links - is a promising solution to mitigate this and other issues. However, no systematic segmentation procedure for a given AC power system exists so far. This paper aims at filling this gap and proposes an algorithm for DC segmentation for a given AC power system to mitigate electromechanical oscillations. In this proposal, DC segmentation is implemented with High Voltage Direct Current links based on Voltage Source Converters (VSC-HVDC). The algorithm uses small-signal stability techniques and the concept of dominant inter-area oscillation paths to eliminate the main inter-area mode of the power system. The algorithm will be explained using a six-generator test system and will then be used on the Nordic 44 test system. The proposed algorithm for DC segmentation has been validated by means of non-linear time-domain simulation and small-signal stability analysis (SSSA).
Insects of alfalfa in Manitoba with particular reference to Lygus spp., Adelphocoris lineolatus (Hemiptera: Miridae) and Acyrthosiphon pisum (Homoptera: Aphididae) and their natural enemies

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The study was conducted from 1999 to 2001 to determine the most suitable method to be used for sampling insect pests on alfalfa, to determine the seasonal occurrence of common insect pests and natural enemies, to assess the roles of common natural enemies on insect pests, and to find out ways to increase the benefits from insect natural enemies in relation to the production practices of alfalfa in Manitoba. Among different sampling methods, sweep-net sampling was found to be the most consistent and reliable method of sampling most insect taxa, although beat tray sampling provided better estimates for Lygus spp. nymphs. It was found in the present study that Lygus spp. Hahn, Adelphocoris lineolatus (Goeze) and Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) were the most prevalent insect pests. Carabids, chrysopids, coccinellids, Nabis spp., Orius spp., spiders and opilionids were the most commonly occurring predaceous taxa. Circumstantial evidence from the field study and evidence from the laboratory study indicate that coccinellids play important roles in population growth of the above pests on alfalfa. Field and laborarory studies also provided evidence that carabids, coccinellids, chrysopids and nabids alone or together as a guild can suppress these pest populations on alfalfa. Parasitoids appeared to be important, as they killed a considerable percentage of Lygus spp. and A. pisum, but not of A. lineolatus. Aphidius ervi Haliday was the most prevalent aphid parasitoid. No control measures were required in hay fields, as swathing hay suppressed pest populations below damaging levels, partly through causing Lygus spp., and sometimes A. lineolatus, to move into adjacent seed fields. Conversely, insect pests were more numerous in seed fields, although these fields usually received chemical insecticides as pest control measures. Whether populations of natural enemies can be enhanced in seed alfalfa fields was examined, and it was found that nepetalactone, which is an aphid sex pheromone component, can be used to enhance natural enemy populations, and the benefits thereof, in seed fields. Successful rearing of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) and Chrysopa oculata Say larvae by using Megachile rotundata (Fabricius) (leafcutting bee) prepupae as the chrysopid larval diet expanded the use of leafcutting bees and provided a basis for inexpensive culture of chrysopids. The potential of insect pests and their natural enemies for management in connection with the current alfalfa production practices are discussed.
A Novel P300 Classification Algorithm Based on a Principal Component Analysis-Convolutional Neural Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Aiming at enhancing the classification accuracy of P300 Electroencephalogram signals in a non-invasive brain–computer interface system, a novel P300 electroencephalogram signals classification algorithm is proposed which is based on improved convolutional neural network. In the data preprocessing part, the proposed P300 classification algorithm used the Principal Component Analysis algorithm to not only remove the noise and artifacts in the data, but also increase the data processing speed. Furthermore, the proposed P300 classification algorithm employed the parallel convolution method to improve the traditional convolutional neural network framework, which can increase the network depth and improve the network’s ability to classify P300 electroencephalogram signals. The proposed algorithm was evaluated by two datasets (the dataset from the competition and the dataset from the laboratory). The results show that, in the dataset I, the proposed P300 classification algorithm could obtain accuracy rates higher than 95%, and achieve one of the best performances in four classification algorithms, while, in the dataset II, the proposed P300 classification algorithm can get accuracy rates higher than 90%, and is superior to the other three algorithms in all ten subjects. These demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The proposed classification algorithm can be applied in the actual brain–computer interface systems to help people with disability in the daily lives.