jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Clinical Obesity Maintenance Model: An Integration of Psychological Constructs including Mood, Emotional Regulation, Disordered Overeating, Habitual Cluster Behaviours, Health Literacy and Cognitive Function

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Psychological distress and deficits in executive functioning are likely to be important barriers to effective weight loss maintenance. The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, in the light of recent evidence in the fields of neuropsychology and obesity, particularly on the deficits in the executive function in overweight and obese individuals, a conceptual and theoretical framework of obesity maintenance is introduced by way of a clinical obesity maintenance model (COMM). It is argued that psychological variables, that of habitual cluster Behaviors, emotional dysregulation, mood, and health literacy, interact with executive functioning and impact on the overeating/binge eating behaviors of obese individuals. Second, cognizant of this model, it is argued that the focus of obesity management should be extended to include a broader range of maintaining mechanisms, including but not limited to cognitive deficits. Finally, a discussion on potential future directions in research and practice using the COMM is provided.
P-1227 - Metropolitan acute hospital care in psychiatry: measuring outcomes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There is little, if any, guidance on how to define duration of acute admissions and how to measure their outcomes. The usefulness of widely used multidimensional scales, such as The Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HoNOS), remains unclear. We are conducting this study to assess outcomes through different rating scales and measure their clinical applicability on a busy inner London all-male psychiatric unit. Sample: 40 inpatients with a psychotic disorder (F2–F3, ICD10). Measures: HoNOS, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Global Assessment of Function (GAF), administered both on admission and at 4 weeks or discharge, whichever occurs sooner. 13 male patients (age: 36.8 ± 10.1, range: 19–49) have already been recruited. On discharge HoNOS (8.38 ± 6.2), BPRS (26.9 ± 10.0) and GAF (57.5 ± 13.3) demonstrate a significant improvement (t test, p < 0.01) in comparison with admission, 13.6 ± 7.0, 44.4 ± 17.4 and 36.7 ± 7.7, respectively. We found no correlations between the scales on discharge. A significant correlation (r = 0.636, p = 0.02) was found between HoNOS improvement and GAF improvement, yet we did not find significant correlations between either BPRS improvement and HoNOS improvement or between BPRS improvement and GAF improvement. These preliminary results demonstrate that our patients improve over the first 4 weeks of admission. Clinical improvement may encompass two separate but related dimensions, psychiatric symptoms and social functioning. Further work is needed to clarify which scale captures these domains to best inform therapeutic and economic decisions such as length of admission.
Per-Antenna Power Constrained Cooperative Beamforming in Distributed Relay Networks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We consider a bent-pipe, coherent distributed relay network that functions as an antenna array employing transmit beamforming to coherently combine a payload signal and reject interference. A traditional unconstrained minimum mean-square error (MMSE) beamformer can be employed to construct the beamformer, but the unconstrained optimization disregards the power limitations of individual elements. Deploying such a beamformer requires lowering the transmission power to avoid exceeding power limits, which reduces the achievable signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). In this paper, we develop a per-element power-constrained MMSE beamformer that simulta-neously maximizes the SINR. We formulate this construction as a biconvex program and solve it using interior point and alternating proximal method. We demonstrate through simulations that this method produces beamformers that achieve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvements and interference rejection (INR) capabilities comparable to unconstrained MMSE beamformers but with improved achievable SINR.
Dose rates from patients having nuclear medicine investigations

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Dose rates have been measured at 0.1 m, 0.5 m and 1.0 m from patients in a Nuclear Medicine Department. Data are presented for a variety of Nuclear Medicine procedures using doses of radiopharmaceuticals within the recommendations of the administration of Radioactive Substances Advisory Committee (ARSAC). The corresponding figures when the patient left the department, and the time average dose rate over the next 8 h were calculated. At 1.0 m the dose rates do not exceed 7.5 microSv h-1, and at 0.5 m the time average dose rate does not exceed 60 microSv h-1. Assuming that the nurse is as close to the patient as 0.1 m for 20 min in a working day, the accumulated dose over a working day would not exceed 60 microSv.
CREB-1α Is Recruited to and Mediates Upregulation of the Cytochrome c Promoter during Enhanced Mitochondrial Biogenesis Accompanying Skeletal Muscle Differentiation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

To further understand pathways coordinating the expression of nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins, we studied mitochondrial biogenesis during differentiation of myoblasts to myotubes. This energy-demanding process was accompanied by a fivefold increase of ATP turnover, covered by an eightfold increase of mitochondrial activity. While no change in mitochondrial DNA copy number was observed, mRNAs as well as proteins for nucleus-encoded cytochrome c, cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV, and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) increased, together with total cellular RNA and protein levels. Detailed analysis of the cytochrome c promoter by luciferase reporter, binding affinity, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays as well as mutagenesis studies revealed a critical role for cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB-1) for promoter activation. Expression of two CREB-1 isoforms was observed by using specific antibodies and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, and a shift from phosphorylated CREB-1Delta in myoblasts to phosphorylated CREB-1alpha protein in myotubes was shown, while mRNA ratios remained unchanged. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed preferential binding of CREB-1alpha in situ to the cytochrome c promoter in myotubes. Overexpression of constitutively active and dominant-negative forms supported the key role of CREB-1 in regulating the expression of genes encoding mitochondrial proteins during myogenesis and probably also in other situations of enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis.
The Influence of PSCA Gene Variation on Its Expression and Gastric Adenocarcinoma Susceptibility in the Northwest Chinese Population

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) imposes a considerable health burden around the world. Gene variation in prostate stem cell antigen gene (PSCA) has been identified to be associated with GAC risk, while the results showed regional variation. To explore the influence of PSCA gene variation on its expression and GAC risk in the Northwest Chinese population, four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PSCA were genotyped in 476 GAC cases and 481 controls using MassARRAY system. Two SNPs of rs2294008 (C>T) and rs2976392 (G>A) were identified to be associated with GAC risk. rs2294008, rs2976392 and rs10216533 made up two statistically significant haplotypes (Hap-CGG and Hap-TAG). Additionally, PSCA expression was analyzed by quantitative real time PCR, immunohistochemistry and tissue microarray. The results showed that PSCA expression was decreased in GAC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. For normal tissues, PSCA expression was higher with Hap-TA than that with Hap-CG. For GAC tissues, the differentiation degree of Hap-TA was higher than that of Hap-CG. The expression distribution of PSCA in multiple human organs showed disparity. These results suggest that PSCA gene variation has a potential effect on its expression and GAC risk in the Northwest Chinese population.
THE EFFECTS OF STORAGE TIME AND TEMPERATURE ON THE BRUISING OF JONATHAN, DELICIOUS AND GRANNY SMITH APPLES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The resistance to bruising of Jonathan, Delicious and Granny Smith apples decreased with increasing storage time during the 1975 and 1976 seasons. Impact bruise volumes were approximately equal for the three varieties in April. Subsequent testing in June, August and October showed that bruise volumes increased markedly for both Jonathan and Delicious apples and by a small amount for Granny Smith apples. Jonathan apples deteriorated most rapidly and had broken down by October. The resistance to bruising of the three varieties was unaffected by pulp temperature over the range 2°C—30°C. Jonathan, Delicious and Granny Smith apples exhibited strong linear correlations between bruise volume and energy absorbed for all storage times, thus confirming earlier results for Granny Smith apples.
Masafumi compound update (May 2021 report)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>Masafumi Compound Update May 18 2021</p> <p>Compound IC50 values in cancer cell lines (pancreatic- Aspc1, BxPC3, PANC1, PANC 04.03, PANC10.05, HPAC, PANC08.13; and the triple negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer line). These are compared to Bortezomib/Velcade IC50 of about 1-10 µM, depending on the cell line</p>
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Date (Phoenix dactylifera) Seeds Extract and Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity Against Pathogenic Bacteria

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Interest in silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has recently increased due to their extensive and varied use, the biological synthesis of synthesis of AgNPs being safer than other approaches. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is one of the biggest producers of date palm, leading to the production of large amounts of waste date seeds. Here, the study evaluatesthe use of date seeds extract in the biosynthesis of AgNPs and to evaluate the antibacterial effect of the resultant nanoparticles (NPs) against pathogenic bacteria. A number of which were used here in order to characterize the synthesized particles, including UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that date seed extract can be used to synthesize AgNPs effectively. These AgNPs exhibit unique, small-size morphologies which proved to be antibacterial against pathogenic bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, and Escherichia coli.
Cost-Aware Dynamic Virtual Machine Purchase Plan Orchestrator for Multi-tier Cloud Applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Cloud deployment and multi-tier architecture are popular for web applications. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) offers users different Virtual Machine (VM) instances with various capacities and prices which can be used as servers in each tier of web applications. Because of heterogeneousness of workload in each tier, it poses a great challenge to choose suitable VM purchase plans for each tier as to adapt the varying workload and reduce the cost of VM usage. In this paper, we propose a new approach which conducts cost-aware dynamic VM purchase plans for multi-tier cloud applications. Our approach first uses reinforcement learning to generate several candidate plans to adapt the varying workload and then employs linear programming to find the optimal one which is the most money-saving among the candidates. The experiment results witness the proposed method gains better performance than the traditional threshold method in meeting the Service Level Agreement (SLA) and cutting down the cost.
Implementasi Virtual Reality Berbasis Foto 360o Untuk Memvisualisasikan Fasilitas Perguruan Tinggi Surabaya

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The college selection process is an important phase because this process affects the future achievement targets of prospective students. One of the factors that is considered in determining a university is the supporting facilities provided during the lecture process. prospective students will continue to search and at the same time consider universities despite the pandemic COVID-19. By implementing 3600 photo-based virtual reality (VR), prospective students or external parties can get information about university facilities anytime and anywhere because it can be accessed online. This study uses the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method in application development, then uses a quantitative approach to test the feasibility of the application. The results showed that 3600 photo-based virtual reality (VR) is an alternative media in conveying information related to the facilities and logistics owned by universities, the variables of smoothness and convenience of operating 3600 photo-based videos have a high enough influence, but on user motivation to use VR is worth less. This happens because users are not used to using this technology.
The Border between Them: Violence and Reconciliation on the Kansas–Missouri Line

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Book Review| January 01 2009 The Border between Them: Violence and Reconciliation on the Kansas–Missouri Line The Border between Them: Violence and Reconciliation on the Kansas-Missouri Line. Jeremy Neely. Virgil W. Dean Virgil W. Dean Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Agricultural History (2009) 83 (1): 119–121. https://doi.org/10.1215/00021482-83.1.119 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Virgil W. Dean; The Border between Them: Violence and Reconciliation on the Kansas–Missouri Line. Agricultural History 1 January 2009; 83 (1): 119–121. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00021482-83.1.119 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter Books & JournalsAll JournalsAgricultural History Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 2007 Agricultural History Society2007 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Relationship between biochemical and photosynthetic traits with Asian soybean rust

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Asian soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi - ASR) is one of the major diseases that occur in soybean and causes great damage to commercial crops. Therefore, the goal of this work was to investigate the relationship between biochemical and photosyntetic parameters in soybean with ASR. Two experiments were performed in a randomized complete block with three treatments (water, Tween 20, and methyl jasmonate). The evaluated traits were: severity, chlorophyll pools, concentration of phenolic compounds content, enzyme activity, and photosyntetic parameters. Based on Pearson correlation, correlation network and path analysis it was verified that the severity had high correlation with almost all traits evaluated meanwhile photosynthesis is weakly related with almost all traits. Therefore, the occurrence of ASR affects directly the traits related to enzymatic activity and phenolic compounds content in soybean plants inoculated with ASR. The management of ASR is important to keep in normal levels the rates of photosynthesis carried out by the plant, and thus not affect the yield. Besides that, understanding the biochemical mechanisms and ecophysiological responses that occur during the soybean-P. pachyrhizi interaction has a great importance for breeding programs, as it will help for obtaining resistant cultivars or efficient methods in fungus control.
One Small Step for Generative AI, One Giant Leap for AGI: A Complete Survey on ChatGPT in AIGC Era

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

OpenAI has recently released GPT-4 (a.k.a. ChatGPT plus), which is demonstrated to be one small step for generative AI (GAI), but one giant leap for artificial general intelligence (AGI). Since its official release in November 2022, ChatGPT has quickly attracted numerous users with extensive media coverage. Such unprecedented attention has also motivated numerous researchers to investigate ChatGPT from various aspects. According to Google scholar, there are more than 500 articles with ChatGPT in their titles or mentioning it in their abstracts. Considering this, a review is urgently needed, and our work fills this gap. Overall, this work is the first to survey ChatGPT with a comprehensive review of its underlying technology, applications, and challenges. Moreover, we present an outlook on how ChatGPT might evolve to realize general-purpose AIGC (a.k.a. AI-generated content), which will be a significant milestone for the development of AGI.
Wellness Detection Using Clustered Federated Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

One of the most prevalent mental illnesses, depression, can present with various symptoms, making a clinical diagnosis and pathological research challenging. Even while technical documents show artificial intelligence can aid in treating and diagnosing depression, conventional centralised machine learning demands the collection of patient data, which restricts the therapeutic application of machine learning algorithms. We use federated learning to evaluate and diagnose depression to solve the concern of patient privacy regarding their medical history. To enable federated learning across institutions or parties, we first provide a cluster-based federated learning framework built on multi-source data that can be used to improve any standard machine learning model. The performance of the federated framework in comparison to other cooperative learning frameworks is examined and explained in the simulation section.
Occupational Therapy Interventions for Older Adults With Low Vision

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Evidence Connection articles provide clinical application of systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s (AOTA’s) Evidence-Based Practice Project. Findings from the systematic review of occupational therapy for older adults with low vision were published in the January/February 2020 issue of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy (AJOT) and in AOTA’s Occupational Therapy Practice Guidelines for Older Adults With Low Vision, published in the March/April 2020 issue of AJOT. In this article, we describe a case report of an older adult with low vision who was referred to outpatient occupational therapy services because of a recent progression of her age-related macular degeneration that led to a decline in functional independence. Each article in the Evidence Connection series summarizes the evidence from the published reviews on a given topic and presents an application of the evidence to a related clinical case. These articles illustrate how the research evidence from the reviews can be used to inform and guide clinical decision making.
Stimulatory effects of phenylephrine and 4β-phorbol-12β 13α-dibutyrate on phospholipase D activity in hypertrophied myocardium in a rat model*

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objectives: α1-Adrenoceptors play an important role in physiological and pathological cardiac hypertrophy. They trigger signaling through Gq-proteins, protein kinase C (PKC) and MAPK. It is still unclear whether, in development of hypertrophy, PKC is activated by second messengers (e.g. diacylglycerol=DAG) produced by phospholipase D (PLD) or C or by both. We studied the effect of aortic banding on PLD activated by the PKC stimulator phorbol ester (PBD) and α1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine (PE).
Writing, Dictating, and Speaking Letters

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

It is commonly assumed that dictation requires a long time to learn, but authors eventually dictate much faster than they write. Performance results now show that novice dictators can learn in a few hours to dictate with the speed and quality with which they write. However, they do not think they perform this well. Dictators with years of experience are from 0 to 25 percent faster than novices, depending upon the complexity of the letters. Planning time is about two-thirds of composition time, regardless of the method of composition.
CTLA-4+ regulatory T cells are increased in cetuximab treated head and neck cancer patients, suppress NK cell cytotoxicity and correlate with poor prognosis (TUM2P.916)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The EGFR-targeted antibody, cetuximab, is clinically effective against head and neck cancer (HNC) but only in 15 - 20% of patients. We hypothesized that regulatory T cells may have functional and clinical impact antitumor immunity induced in cetuximab-treated patients. Indeed, Treg frequency and expression of CTLA-4, CD39, and surface TGF-β were significantly increased after cetuximab-based therapy. These Treg were inversely associated with functional activity of intratumoral NK cells and with clinical outcome in cetuximab-treated HNC patients. Importantly, NK cells selectively eliminated intratumoral Treg in the presence of anti-CTLA mAb (ipilimumab), which overcame the Treg suppressive activity on cetuximab-mediated ADCC. These results suggest that differences in Treg-mediated suppression may play a role in the clinical response to cetuximab therapy, and that efficacy of cetuximab therapy could be enhanced by adding ipilimumab to eliminate Treg, thus promoting anti-tumor immunity.
The Attenuation of Early Benzo(a)Pyrene-Induced Carcinogenic Insults by Diallyl Disulfide (DADS) in MCF-10A Cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Diallyl disulfide (DADS), a garlic organosulfur compound, has been researched as a cancer prevention agent; however, the role of DADS in the suppression of cancer initiation in nonneoplastic cells has not been elucidated. To evaluate DADS inhibition of early carcinogenic events, MCF-10A cells were pretreated (PreTx) with DADS followed by the ubiquitous carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), or cotreated (CoTx) with DADS and BaP for up to 24 h. The cells were evaluated for changes in cell viability/proliferation, cell cycle, induction of peroxide formation, and DNA damage. BaP induced a statistically significant increase in cell proliferation at 6 h, which was attenuated with DADS CoTx. PreTx with 6 and 60 μM of DADS inhibited BaP-induced G2/M arrest by 68% and 78%, respectively. DADS, regardless of concentration or method, inhibited BaP-induced extracellular aqueous peroxide formation within 24 h. DADS attenuated BaP-induced DNA single-strand breaks at all time points through both DADS Pre- and CoTx, with significant inhibition for all treatments sustained after 6 h. DADS was effective in inhibiting BaP-induced cell proliferation, cell cycle transitions, reactive oxygen species, and DNA damage in a normal cell line, and thus may inhibit environmentally induced breast cancer initiation.