jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Speech Analysis in Financial Markets

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The ways in which managers communicate information to capital market participants go far beyond financial statements and accounting numbers. Managers communicate economically relevant information both verbally, in documents distributed and available to investors (such as annual reports and SEC filings), and nonverbally, through meetings and conference calls with analysts and investors. We review research on the information contained in nonverbal communication, particularly vocal communication that occurs in organizational contexts. We also explore possible ways in which accounting researchers can draw useful insights from investigating managerial vocal communication. The advances in computerized voice analysis coupled with the increasing availability of audio files containing managerial communication presents promising research opportunities.
The crystalline layers in spores of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis studied by freeze-etching and high resolution electron microscopy.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The comparative morphology of spores from Bacillus cereus, B. thuringiensis S-9 (wildtype), B. thuringiensis HB 9-1 (acrystaliferous mutant) and B. finitimus, was studied by the freeze-etching technique. Particular attention was given to the three crystalline layers found in these spores, the pitted layer, the parasporal layer, and the basal layer of the exosporium with lattice constants of 9.2 nm, 5.8 nm and 8.0 nm respectively. The parasporal layers, corresponding to the fraction of Fl of Scherrer and Somerville [18] were found to be membraneous sheets laying between spore and exosporium. Analysis of the isolated exosporium by negative staining and digital image processing revealed a lattice structure belonging to the p 6 hexagonal space group with a repeat of 8.0 nm. The unit cell contains 6 subunits, each 3 nm in diameter, which are centered around a hypothetical channel readily penetrated by the stain.
Weiner Model Drop Test Identification of a Light Amphibious Airplane

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The new approach of the Weiner model for identifying drop test dynamics of a light amphibious airplane is presented in this paper.Unlike the traditional identification method of the Hammerstein model using LS-SVM with Gaussian radial basis serving as the kernel function, the small-signal excitation input is used to estimate the linear block of the Weiner model.Then, the static nonlinearity function of the model is identified through LS-SVM.The RMSE of the proposed Weiner model is 0.48805 and 0.38246 for the strut and wheel of the landing gear.The proposed Weiner model has better identification performance than the Hammerstein model and the traditional governing equation of the landing gear.The drop experiment of the light amphibious airplane is carried out not only to prove standard airworthiness compliance but also to verify the identifiability, accuracy, and performance of system identification.
Development of a Village-Scale, Solar-Powered Reverse Osmosis System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper details the development of a photovoltaic reverse osmosis water desalination system for a groundwater well in Bercy, Haiti. The well was constructed to provide potable drinking and agricultural water for the 300-person community. However, its water has a salinity level of 5,290 ppm, rendering it harmful for both human consumption and soil fertility. This reverse osmosis system is designed to be low-cost and operational off-grid while providing 900 gallons per day of desalinated water for the community. The system is composed of a photovoltaic power system, a submersible solar pump, and three reverse osmosis membranes. The system is designed to have a material cost significantly below that of any commercially-available system of similar scale. Furthermore, it has an average water production cost of $1.21/m3 and an average specific energy of 1.2 kWh/m3. Its performance was tested in the laboratory by connecting the desalination module to a DC power supply, demonstrating good agreement with its modeled performance. The installation of the full system with the PV module will take place on-site in the summer of 2016. Following implementation, the system will be monitored and compared against predicted performance. The first attempt is meant to serve as a verification and validation of the system as a whole. However, successful operation within the given cost target could pave the way for wider use of off-grid reverse osmosis systems at many remote locations with limited freshwater access around the world.
An Efficient Synthesis of 2-Selenouridine and Its Phosphoramidite Precursor

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

We describe an efficient and scalable synthetic route to the natural occurring 2-selenouridine (Se 2 U) and its suitably protected derivative for phosphoramidite synthesis.From known fully TBDMS-protected thiouridine, the corresponding selenouridine was synthesized via the reaction of methylthiouridine with NaHSe, which was then completely deprotected without affecting the selenocarbonyl moiety to deliver Se 2 U. Next, Se 2 U was converted into the 2′-O-TBDMS-5′-O-DMT derivative in 81% yield over four steps including di-tert-butylsilylene (DTBS) introduction at O3′ and O5′, O2′-silylation, selective cleavage of DTBS, and DMT introduction.This synthetic route enabled gram-scale preparation of both Se 2 U and its phosphoramidite precursor in excellent yields.Furthermore, the predicted C3′-endo conformational preference of Se 2 U was experimentally confirmed by NMR spectroscopy.
Eating, food and the female body in the media and medicine: A feminist analysis of eating disorders

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

“Food is the medium through which women are addressed; in turn food has become the language of their response” (Orbach cited in Benson 1997, p.137) The above quote sums up the way in which dominant conceptions of femininity filter through social practice and can become literally reflected in one’s physical body and bodily habits. This essay seeks to examine how women come to embody social ideals concerning food, eating habits, appearance and‘femininity’ itself. In particular it will seek to clarify how interpretations of eating and the female body both in the media and in medicine can become embodied and even become synonymous with ‘femininity’. Eating disorders are widely acknowledged to be a phenomenon of advanced industrial countries. Moreover, the great majority of those with eating disorders are women, though the number of men affected is growing (Roach-Anleu, p.368).
Mediology and hermeneutics

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

SUMMARY Mediology and hermeneutics Mediology, founded by Regis Debray, is a new science that sets itself the goal of understanding how ideas are transmitted and become effective. It clearly stands in close relationship to hermeneutics, but this relation has not been explored yet. This article aims to indicate the affinity between mediology (represented here by Debray) and hermeneutics (for which Ricoeur has been chosen as representative), which centres on attention to symbolic efficiency. Three areas of converged interest are identified and discussed: 1/ the mutual implication of the technical milieu and the world of technics, 2/ the process of autonomisation and re-appropriation of media or texts and 3/ vigilance in politics. 1. The technical milieu and the world of technics Transmission takes place in events during which the said survives the saying due to the way in which the saying took place. The said has to be deposited in a means of support and at the same time be transformed into a carrier by an institution. The medium thus consists of a technical and an institutional aspect. Though transmission is usually defined in distinction from communication, the minimal characteristics of transmission can be recognised even in dialogue. In fact, transmission of symbols and ideas takes place even in the absence of advanced technical support, as could be seen in the mnemosphere. It is the fact of inscription, wherever and however it takes place, which makes transmission possible. The manner in which all objects around human beings act as transmitters could be presented by taking clothes as paradigm. Clothes are objects that are invested with socio-historical meaning that exceeds their mere technical function of warming ERNST WOLFF doseer filosofie aan die Universiteit van Pretoria. Hy het tale, teologie en filosofie bestudeer en sy nagraadse navorsing in filosofie in Johannesburg en Parys voltooi. Sy hoof belangstellings op die oomblik is hermeneutiek, godsdiensfilosofie en die filosofie van tegniek. ’n Boek oor die werk van Levinas verskyn binnekort van hom. ERNST WOLFF teaches philosophy at the University of Pretoria. He studied languages, theology and philosophy and completed his post-graduate research in philosophy in Johannesburg and Paris. His main interests at the moment are hermeneutics, philosophy of religion and the philosophy of technics. A monograph on the work of Levinas is forthcoming.
Reach for Yield and Fickle Capital Flows

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In Caballero and Simsek (2017), we develop a model of fickle capital flows and show that, when countries are similar, international flows create global liquidity and mitigate crises despite their fickleness. In this paper, we focus on the asymmetric situation of Emerging Markets (EM) exchanging flows with Developed Markets (DM) that feature lower returns but less frequent crises. Relatively high DM returns help to mitigate EM crises by reducing fickle inflows and by providing greater liquidity. The situation dramatically changes as the DM returns fall, as this increases the fickle inflows driven by reach for yield and exacerbates EM crises.
The Association of Flowering Time Quantitative Trait Loci with Duplicated Regions and Candidate Loci in Brassica oleracea

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract A population of 150 doubled haploid lines of rapid cycling Brassica oleracea, derived from an F1 from a var. alboglabra × var. italica cross, was scored for flowering time in two trials. Using information on 82 mapped molecular markers, spread evenly across the nine linkage groups, QTL were identified at six locations; one each on linkage groups O2 and O3 and two each on linkage groups O5 and O9. In total, these QTL explained 58 and 93% of the genetical variation in the two trials. Three of these QTL, on linkage groups O2, O3, and O9, were situated in regions showing considerable homology both with each other and with chromosome regions of B. nigra that have been shown to affect flowering time. These same regions are all homologous to a single tract of Arabidopsis chromosome 5, which contains a number of the flowering-related genes, one or more of which may be candidates for the QTL found in Brassica.
Data from The Safety of Bridging Radiation with Anti-BCMA CAR T-Cell Therapy for Multiple Myeloma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>AbstractPurpose:<p>B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells (CART-BCMA) are a promising treatment for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (r/rMM). We evaluated the safety and feasibility of bridging radiation (RT) in subjects treated on a phase I trial of CART-BCMA.</p>Experimental Design:<p>Twenty-five r/rMM subjects were treated in three cohorts with two doses of CART-BCMA cells ± cyclophosphamide. We retrospectively analyzed toxicity, response, and CART manufacturing data based on RT receipt.</p>Results:<p>Thirteen subjects received no RT <1 year before CART infusion (Group A). Eight subjects received RT <1 year before CART infusion (Group B) with median time from RT to apheresis of 114 days (range 40–301). Four subjects received bridging-RT (Group C) with a median dose of 22 Gy and time from RT to infusion of 25 days (range <a href="#bib18 bib19 bib20 bib21 bib22 bib23 bib24 bib25 bib26 bib27 bib28 bib29 bib30 bib31 bib32 bib33 bib34 bib35" target="_blank">18–35</a>). Group C had qualitatively lower rates of grade 4 (G4) hematologic toxicities (25%) versus A (61.5%) and B (62.5%). G3–4 neurotoxicity occurred in 7.7%, 25%, and 25% in Group A, B, and C, respectively. G3–4 cytokine release syndrome was observed in 38.5%, 25%, and 25% in Group A, B, and C, respectively. Partial response or better was observed in 54%, 38%, and 50% of Group A, B, and C, respectively. RT administered <1 year (<i>P</i> = 0.002) and <100 days (<i>P</i> = 0.069) before apheresis was associated with lower <i>in vitro</i> proliferation during manufacturing; however, <i>in vivo</i> CART-BCMA expansion appeared similar across groups.</p>Conclusions:<p>Bridging-RT appeared safe and feasible with CART-BCMA therapy in our r/rMM patients, though larger future studies are needed to draw definitive conclusions.</p></div>
Material Analysis of the Remains of a Wooden Chest from the 4th Century and a Proposal for Its Reconstruction

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

A stone chest found in 1971 near one of the largest early Christian basilicas in Northern Dalmatia (Croatia) contained brass tiles decorated with various biblical scenes. An archaeological study confirmed the thesis that the fragments of brass tiles are most likely the remains of a wooden chest made in the 4th century AD, and that this is one of the best preserved archaeological finds of its kind in the world as one of the biblical scenes shows Mary, together with a record of her name (Maria). Based on the preserved brass tiles, a reconstruction of the wooden chest was made in 1973 with tiles glued onto a plastic frame. Subsequent studies have shown that such a reconstruction was not adequate, as some of the brass tiles were destroyed (disintegrated), and they were not connected properly into a whole that could represent the original. For the new reconstruction of this archaeological object it was necessary to carry out a material analysis, including the chemical composition of the brass tiles, as well as to find a solvent for the glue which could be used to remove the brass tiles from the plastic framework without any additional destruction. Based on extensive investigations and material analyses including the following techniques (SEM, EDX, FTIR, DSC), the starting points for the restoration process of the wooden chest with brass tiles were set, as well as the proposal for the appearance of the new chest.
Development of a Phage-Displayed Nanobody-Based Competitive Immunoassay for the Sensitive Detection of Soybean Agglutinin

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Soybean agglutinin (SBA) is a primary antinutritional factor in soybeans that can inhibit the growth of humans and mammals, disrupt the intestinal environment, and cause pathological changes. Therefore, detecting and monitoring SBA in foods is essential for safeguarding human health. In this paper, M13 phage-displayed nanobodies against SBA were isolated from a naive nanobody library. An M13 phage-displayed nanobody-based competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (P-cELISA) was then established for SBA analysis using biotinylated anti-M13 phage antibody (biotin-anti-M13) and streptavidin poly-HRP conjugate (SA-poly-HRP). The biotin-anti-M13@SA-poly-HRP probe can easily amplify the detection signal without the chemical modifications of phage-displayed nanobodies. The established P-cELISA presented a linear detection range of 0.56–250.23 ng/mL and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.20 ng/mL, which was 12.6-fold more sensitive than the traditional phage-ELISA. Moreover, the developed method showed good specificity for SBA and acceptable recoveries (78.21–121.11%) in spiked wheat flour, albumen powder, and whole milk powder. This study proposes that P-cELISA based on biotin-anti-M13@SA-poly-HRP may provide a convenient and effective strategy for the sensitive detection of SBA.
Policing the Crisis35 Years On

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This essay reviews the ‘35th anniversary edition’ of Policing the Crisis, the jointly-authored investigation into race, immigration, ‘mugging’ and the ‘crisis in hegemony’ of 1970s Britain. The new edition is demonstrative of the book's enduring influence, including amongst historians increasingly turning their attention towards the roots, development and reach of Thatcherism. This essay places the remarkably prescient conceptual interventions made in Policing in the context of the conditions in which it was produced. Drawing on the author's wider work on the history of the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies—where the authors of Policing were based—it argues the book should also be read for the insight it provides into the development of cultural studies as a fledging field of inquiry. A broader re-engagement with the work of the so-called ‘Birmingham school’, it is suggested, offers one way of historians developing accounts of 1970s and 1980s Britain that are not overdetermined by the arrival of ‘Thatcherism’.
Socioeconomic Status, Women, and HIV: Do the Determinants of Female HIV Vary by Socioeconomic Status in Cameroon?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The HIV/AIDS epidemic is argued to be one of the greatest health challenges facing Sub-Saharan African countries, with more than 25 million Africans currently infected. Social epidemiology posits that for most types of illness, there is an inverse relationship between indicators with SES. In most developed nations, and in some developing countries, the incidence of HIV follows this classic pattern, with the poor having the greatest risk of infection and eventual mortality. However, a growing body of research on HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa suggests an intriguing reversal of this pattern, particularly with respect to HIV among women. In the Cameroonian case most specifically, previous research indicates that higher socioeconomic status women present higher rates of HIV infection compared to low socioeconomic status women, albeit rates higher than those in the United States. However, the mechanisms of risk appear to be distinct for each group. Using data from the 2004 National Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in Cameroon, this paper explores relationships between the various indicators of socioeconomic status and HIV, as well as estimates and tests a series of multivariate models designed to highlight the distinct causal pathways that put higher SES women at increased risk of HIV. In general, my results show that women with increased resources had higher rates of HIV, confirming results published elsewhere. Additionally, women with riskier sexual behaviors also presented higher rates of infection. Counterintuitively, however, women with increased knowledge of HIV, more domestic making authority, and access to health care all had higher rates of HIV infection. Multivariate analysis revealed that the mechanisms of risk varied by socioeconomic status. For women in low socioeconomic group, what seemed to increase their risk was relative inequality (i.e. having a partner outside their socioeconomic bracket). Conversely, for women in the high socioeconomic group, their own sexual behavior seemed to account for their higher rates of HIV infection. What the results of this study indicated therefore was that the mechanisms of risk differed by SES and different approaches targeting each sub-group were needed to effectively combat the disease.
Research methodology in contextually- based second language research

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

We suggest a combined research methodology for studying SLA in real-life and important contexts, a methodology sensitive to the demands of such contexts. For studying IL learning in context, our suggested methodology combines and integrates aspects from three fields: grounded ethnography in ethnomethodol ogy ; subject-specialist informant procedures in language for specific purposes; and rhetorical/grammatical strategies in discourse analysis. We first present evidence for the importance of devising a research approach to contexually based SLA. Then we sketch the suggested research methodology and present two extended case studies which illustrate the methodology. We view such research as complimentary to universal approaches to core IL grammar. Finally, we sketch our theoretical approach, showing a possible link between research in universal and contextually-based SLA.
6 Can the EU be democratised? A political economy analysis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The decline in confidence in the EU during the euro crisis is verging on a legitimation crisis. A political economy analysis of the disparities and contradictions of the EMU points strongly towards alternative and more empowered EU-institutions. A problem is that establishing them could further deepen the problem of democratic legitimacy, unless we can think of ways of democratizing EU practices and institutions in a broader way. Moreover, any plausible account of democratization of the EU would have to include a careful analysis of the world historical context of transformative political actions. What makes things complicated is that political economy analysis of the European integration process reveals also a self-reinforcing process, stemming from economic globalization, whereby the ‘wishes’ of business leaders and capitalists have become entrenched in the prevailing culture, vested interests and institutional arrangements, thus making changes difficult. Moreover, EU-institutions cannot be transformed without revising the basic treaties. In the past, treaty-revisions have been piecemeal, cumbersome and time-consuming. Real world constraints on transformations include the structural power of transnational investors; the influence of the lobbyists in Brussels; and the way media and education are being arranged across Europe and the world. By way of conclusion, I propose ways of alleviating or overcoming these obstacles.
New insights into genetics underlying of plumage color

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary Plumage color can be considered as a social signal in chickens and a breeding identification tool among breeders. The relationship between plumage color and trait groups of immunity, growth and fertility is still a controversial issue. This research aimed to determine the genome‐wide additive and epistatic variants affecting plumage color variation in chickens using the chicken Illumina 60k high‐density SNP array. Two scenarios of genome‐wide additive association studies using all SNPs and independent SNPs were carried out. To perform epistatic association analysis, the LD pruning approach was used to reduce the complexity of the analysis. We detected seven novel significant loci using all of the SNPs in the model and 14 SNPs using the LD pruning approach associated with plumage color. Moreover, 89 significantly associated SNP–SNP interactions ( P ‐value <10 −6 ) distributed in 25 chromosomes were identified, indicating that all of the signals together putatively influence the quantitative variation of plumage color. By annotating genes relevant to top SNPs, we have distinguished 18 potential candidate genes comprising HNF4beta , CKMT1B , TBC1D22A , RPL8 , CACNA2D1 , FZD4 , SGMS1 , IRF8 , OPTN , LOC420362 , TRABD , OvoDA1 , DAD1 , USP6 , RBM12B , MIR1772 , MIR1709 and MIR6696 and also 89 putative gene–gene combinations responsible for plumage color variation in chickens. Furthermore, several KEGG pathways including metabolic pathway, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, focal adhesion, melanogenesis, glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis–keratan sulfate and sphingolipid metabolism were enriched in the gene‐set analysis. The results indicated that plumage color is a highly polygenic trait which, in turn, can be affected by multiple coding genes, regulatory genes and gene–gene epistasis interactions. In addition to genes with additive effects, epistatic genes with tiny individual effect sizes but significant effects in a pair have the potential to control plumage coloration in chickens.