jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reconstructing Pop/Subculture: Art, Rock, and Andy Warhol

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Introduction British Cultural Studies Conjunctural Analysis and the Conceptualization of Subcultural 'Difference' Andy Warhol and the Rise of Pop Art in the 1960s The Factory 1964-1967 Pop Art as Pop Life The Velvet Underground Pop Art Merges with Rock and Roll The Foundations of Glitter Rock Alice Cooper The Theatrical Groundwork of Glitter Rock The Early 1970s The Forebearers of Underground Rock Face the 1970's as David Bowie Charts His Course Spring 1971 Glitter Rock Becomes an Overt Style Bowie 'Retires' The Fragmentation of Glitter Pop Practices/Subcultural Articulations
Elegant anti-disturbance control for stochastic systems with multiple heterogeneous disturbances based on fuzzy logic systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

There are a large number of non-harmonic disturbances generated by nonlinear exogenous systems in realistic engineering. The current disturbance observer is not applicable for estimating the non-harmonic disturbance with unknown nonlinear dynamics, thus greatly reducing the accuracy of the controller. This paper addresses a class of stochastic systems with multiple heterogeneous disturbances including white noise and non-harmonic disturbance with unknown smooth nonlinear function, which can be approximated by fuzzy logic systems. Based on the approximation of the unknown nonlinear function, an adaptive disturbance observer (ADO) is constructed to estimate non-harmonic disturbance. Combining disturbance observer-based control with fuzzy control, an elegant anti-disturbance control (EADC) scheme is proposed such that the composite system achieves asymptotically bounded in mean square. Simulation examples show that the state responses of the system gradually approache [Formula: see text] from divergence, indicating that the effectiveness of the controller is satisfactory. In addition, the anti-disturbance control accuracy of EADC approximately improves [Formula: see text] times compared with [Formula: see text] control. The simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
EVALUATION OF WHEAT GENOTYPES FOR SPOT BLOTCH (Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc.) RESISTANCE AT KHAIRAHANI, CHITWAN

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the third most important cereal crop of Nepal in terms of area and production. Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. is one of the major diseases reducing the productivity and quality of wheat in Nepal, which is favored by high temperature and relative humidity. The experiment was conducted at research farm of Rampur Campus, Khairahani, Chitwan from 18th Nov 2021 to 29th Mar 2022, to identify the genotypes resistance against spot blotch. It was laid out in Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with twelve genotypes as treatments and three replications. Double digit scoring method was used to assess the disease five times from 90 DAS at the interval of 7 days and Area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated. Statistically, significant difference was obtained in all the observed traits except for plant height, spike weight, harvest index, and straw yield. The highest AUDPC value was recorded in RR-21 (2074) yielding 4.0 tonha-1 whereas the lowest AUDPC value was recorded in NL 1437 (781) yielding 6.1 tonha-1, suggesting it to be more resistant than other genotypes. NL 1447 was the highest yielder (6.5tonha-1) with a 985.185 mean AUDPC value followed by NL1437 (6.1 tonha-1) while RR-21 was the lowest yielder (4.0 tonha-1). The lowest apparent infection rate was detected for BL 4951 (0.018). Correlation studies indicated that total grains and grain weight per spike as well as the grain yield were negatively and significantly correlated with AUDPC.
Differentiation of Hippelates Pusio, H. Bishoppi and H. Pallipes (Diptera: Chloropidae) by Electrophoresis1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Differentiation of Hippelates Pusio, H. Bishoppi and H. Pallipes (Diptera: Chloropidae) by Electrophoresis Get access Frederic M. Stiner, Frederic M. Stiner 2North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N. C. 27607, U.S.A.3USPHS Predoctoral Trainee, Dept. of Entomology. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F. M. Johnson, F. M. Johnson 2North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N. C. 27607, U.S.A.4Asst. Professor, Dept. of Genetics. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard C. Axtell Richard C. Axtell 2North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N. C. 27607, U.S.A.5Professor, Dept. of Entomology. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Medical Entomology, Volume 8, Issue 2, 30 July 1971, Pages 213–216, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/8.2.213 Published: 30 July 1971
Toward a more sustainable coffee production

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper contributes to the literature on the emerging trend of Southern sustainability standards and certifications as a reaction to the Northern-based private standards by businesses and NGOs. It particularly analyzes the implementation capacity of ISCoffee as a public standard and certification initiated by the Indonesian government. We analyze the opportunities and barriers in the process of implementing ISCoffee and examine whether ISCoffee can become a viable alternative to Northern-based private standards and certification. We first conclude that the implementation capacity of ISCoffee is low, because of weak administrative structures, and communication and coordination deficiencies. Second, we conclude that ISCoffee will unlikely being able to solve smallholder-related problems in the coffee sector such as limited access to market, insufficient capital, and underdeveloped farmer organizations. Finally, we conclude that ISCoffee - on the short term - will not manage to become a viable alternative to Northern-based private standards and certifications.
A risk based surveillance programme for Toxoplasma gondii in pigs using a combination of farm auditing and serological screening

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Toxoplasma gondii is recognized as one of the major foodborne pathogens with a high human disease burden. In the Netherlands, pork contributes to about 11 % of the meatborne T. gondii infections. To control T. gondii infections in pigs, EFSA has advised to perform serological testing of pigs and audits of pig farms on risk factors for T. gondii infection. In the Netherlands, a program was started to translate the EFSA advice into a practical risk based surveillance system. In first instance, a large scale serological monitoring of fattening pigs was started and seroprevalence over time was determined. Next, the association between within-herd seroprevalence and risk factors for T. gondii on fattening pig farms in the Netherlands was determined. For this, a questionnaire for auditing farms for the presence of risk factors of T. gondii was developed and used on 25 case and 50 control farms. Results show that there is a significant association between seroprevalence and risk factors as cats present on farms, use of unheated feed products and feeding wet feed. Moreover, on-farm presence of rats and mice also increases Toxoplasma transmission risks. Subsequently, a study was started on farms to quantify the effectiveness of interventions on farms. A cross-over clinical trial was set up in which case farms were their own control and the cross-over moment is the implementation of interventions on risk factors to change farm management. Farms with a high within-herd seroprevalence were followed for at least during a year and monitored periodically for seroprevalence and implementation of interventions to eventually reduce the disease burden. The break-even point was calculated for which the intervention cost at fattening pig farms equal averted human disease burden and averted cost-of-illness minus cost of the surveillance program. The results shows favourable economic perspectives for interventions to control pig meat-born transmission of T. gondii.
Do Charter Schools Outspend Public Schools Online? Evidence from Texas

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As open enrollment public charter school districts have continued to grow in Texas, researchers and policymakers have continued to question how these public charter school districts spend public taxpayer dollars. Although extensive research has addressed how public charter school districts spend money to recruit teachers, complete capital projects, and hire school leaders, no studies have examined how public charter school districts compete with traditional public school districts online to drive traffic and interest in their schools. Using Texas Education Agency and SEMrush data (web metrics, such as organic keywords, organic traffic, and traffic cost) from the 2018–2019 school year, this study compares public charter school district and traditional public school district web metrics to learn more about how charter school districts continue to open and drive enrollment. Results suggest that, when compared to traditional public school districts in Texas, public charter school districts in Texas are less web popular by keyword search (p < .00) and traffic (p < .00), yet these districts spend more on driving Internet traffic to their websites (p < .00) than traditional public school districts. Implications for research, policy, and competition between open enrollment public charter school districts and traditional public school districts are addressed.
Impeller entrance pre whirl characteristics research

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In order to study the effect of inlet port on the pump performance, the impeller inlet part, should be analyzed for impeller is able to extend the function of water flow to the front of the impeller for a long distance. Impeller flow of pre swirl flow is due to selection of least resistance into the impeller, but the pre swirl in the flow direction according to the impeller blade entrance angle, and the circumferential velocity of flow. The study found that lies in the external characteristic of the pump will be fell when the off-design, but in the case of large flow impeller and impeller in the direction of the front entrance fluid pre whirl steering is on the contrary, when this with little traffic is quite different .this article will study the occurrence, development, and the mechanism of the influence of flow field.
The Folk Music Revival

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

To one whose emotional life and interests were intimately bound up with the folk music revival of the 1950s, the article reviewing its history by Jens Lund and R. Serge Denisoff (JAF, 84 [1971), 394-405) is delightful and exasperating. I am grateful for the delights. My exasperation comes from both a sense of something amiss and a frustration in identifying it. As far as I can judge, it is a foreshortening of time, accompanied by some reversals in chronology. These may be observed in one small section, the sixth paragraph. Saying that York's Greenwich Village was the East Coast's version of San Francisco's North implies priority of the latter. In fact, of course, Greenwich Village was the prototype of America's other bohemian communities, and North Beach attracted artists and intellectuals who had left the East. Rent party song fests and similar fund-raising events began in New York before Joseph McCarthy was elected to the United States Senate, before the People's Songs Bulletin became Sing Out!, and long before Pete Seeger was cited for contempt of Congress. Weekly folksinging began in Washington Square soon after World War II, led by the now forgotten George Margolin. As the holder of a permit from New York's Parks Department for singing with instruments, I was nominally responsible for these in the spring, summer, and fall of 952. They were well established by that time. Finally, it is incorrect, or worse, to suggest, as the authors elsewhere do, that Ralph Rinzler, who actively initiated and ran the important Swarthmore College Folk Festivals in the early 950s, was a product of the campus bluegrass explosion, which did not occur until years later. Although I sense similar problems with time elsewhere in the article, I cannot specify them. It would be too bad if discussion of the important value conflicts that the authors demonstrate were marred by factual errors. I hope to have rectified the record a bit.
The Assessment of Learning Outcomes in Australia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since 2009 there has been increased interest in Australian universities’ ability to demonstrate that their students have acquired knowledge and skills as specified by them in the form of graduate attributes or institutional learning outcomes. This paper describes research undertaken in Australia to identify a comprehensive set of generalized learning outcomes for undergraduate study and a set of criterion-based standards to assist in grading of achievement of those outcomes. It was discovered that although Australian universities document institutional- and course-based learning outcomes for their programs, they generally do not assess students at this level. Instead, the majority of assessment of learning outcomes is at the subject level, and frequently these outcomes do not align well with the course- or institutional-based outcomes that have also been specified. In spite of this, it appears possible to identify generalized assessment tasks for subjects and use constructive alignment between subjects, course curriculum, and chosen course-based learning outcomes, which could be used to reliably measure course outcomes and compare results between universities. These developments are framed in terms of the assessment transparency framework, which provides insight into the current “as-is” situation as well as an indication of what is needed to move learning outcomes assessment toward a fully implemented “ideal” across the higher education sector.
Effects of Reduced-Nicotine Cigarettes Across Regulatory Environments in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace: A Randomized Trial

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Introduction Cigarette smoking remains the leading preventable cause of death in the United States. Recent efforts have explored the potential health and policy benefits of reducing nicotine, an addictive component, in combustible cigarettes. To date, an experimental, prospective analysis directly comparing the effects of varying regulatory environments on purchases of multiple products has yet to be conducted. The present study compared real purchasing of conventional cigarettes, reduced-nicotine cigarettes, and a variety of other nicotine and tobacco products across a range of regulatory environments. Methods Participants were assigned to one of five groups, each associated with a different nicotine level (mg of nicotine to g of tobacco) in SPECTRUM investigational cigarettes (15.8, 5.2, 2.4, 1.3, and 0.4 mg/g). Across sessions, participants made real purchases for nicotine/tobacco products in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace. Each session corresponded with a distinct regulatory environment wherein different nicotine/tobacco products were available for purchase. Results Our results suggest that the primary drivers of cigarette and nicotine purchasing are regulatory environment and the presence/absence of alternative nicotine and tobacco products. Perhaps surprisingly, nicotine level does not appear to be such a driver of purchasing behavior under these experimental conditions. Investigational cigarette purchasing is lowest when other preferred combustible products are available and highest when investigational cigarettes are the only combustible product available for purchase. Conclusions If a reduced-nicotine policy is implemented, great care should be taken in determining and making available less-harmful nicotine/tobacco products as the availability of preferred combustible products may result in undesirable levels of purchasing. Implications This is the first experimental study investigating different potential regulatory effects related to a reduced-nicotine policy by examining purchasing across a range of nicotine/tobacco products. Our results suggest the presence of affordable, highly preferred combustible products is likely to maintain tobacco purchasing at undesirable levels. To promote switching to less-harmful products, affordable alternate nicotine and tobacco products should be readily available. Finally, our results suggest that the availability of noncigarette products, not cigarette nicotine level, will most likely affect purchasing of reduced-nicotine cigarettes.
Intake, behavior and performance in sheep fed diets containing castor cake

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

RESUMO A torta de mamona tem potencial para utilização na alimentação de ovinos em regiões semiáridas, mas apresenta como limitação a ricina, que pode causar intoxicação. Objetivou-se avaliar influência de dietas contendo torta de mamona em comportamento ingestivo, consumo e desempenho em ovinos. Foram distribuídos 20 ovinos Morada Nova em blocos ao acaso (dois blocos) com cinco tratamentos (torta de mamona não tratada, tratada com calcário calcítico, com ureia, com fosfato monobicálcico e autoclavada) e quatro repetições. O consumo dos nutrientes não foi influenciado pelos tratamentos de destoxificação, além dos animais não terem apresentado sintomas de intoxicação. Quanto ao comportamento ingestivo, não houve diferença para a maioria das variáveis entre tratamentos, bem como não se confirmou possível rejeição dos ovinos pela torta não tratada. Foi observado que os animais alimentados com dieta contendo torta de mamona autoclavada apresentaram desempenho superior aos que receberam torta não tratada. Apesar dos animais alimentados com torta de mamona tratada com fosfato monobicálcico não terem sido superiores aos alimentados com torta não tratada, apresentaram ganho médio diário 27,3% maior, consumiram menos 10,5% de alimento para ganhar 1 kg e, para ganharem 12 kg, precisaram de 24 dias a menos. A terminação de ovinos utilizando dietas contendo torta de mamona autoclavada apresenta resposta superior à terminação desses animais alimentados com dietas contendo torta de mamona não tratada ou destoxificada com ureia. Além disso, animais terminados com dietas contendo torta destoxificada com fosfato monobicálcico ou calcário calcítico apresentam resposta intermediária.
Illuminating the Computing Pathway for Women in Mississippi

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The NSF INCLUDES Mississippi Alliance for Women in Computing (MSAWC) strives to: generate interest and participation of women in computing; improve recruitment and retention rates of women in undergraduate computing majors; and help post-secondary women make a transition to the computing workforce. Activities designed to engage girls and young women with computing, emphasizing computational thinking and cybersecurity knowledge and awareness, and to illuminate a pathway forward are hosted and facilitated through Alliance partnerships. The authors will describe a project-based approach to facilitating learning among K-12 students. By engaging students at an early age, we believe we can promote the development of self-efficacy in computing before adolescent opinions are formed that may discourage girls from seeking curricular or co-curricular experiences in computing. Further, we will describe how the MSAWC is illuminating the path for girls and women in the state, to engage them with computing and to influence their persistence on the computing pathway through college and into the workforce, using collective impact strategy.
MicroRNA‐379‐5p targets MAP3K2 to reduce autophagy and alleviate neuronal injury following cerebral ischemia via the JNK/c‐Jun signaling pathway

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are abundant in neurons and play key roles in the function and development of the nervous system. This study focuses on the function of miR‐379‐5p in neurological function recovery during ischemic stroke. The expression of miR‐379‐5p in the serum of patients with ischemic stroke was determined. Human cerebral cortical neuron cells (HCN‐2) were subjected to oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD) to mimic an ischemic stroke in vitro, whereas mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were used as an animal model. The serum of patients with ischemic stroke and OGD‐treated HCN‐2 cells displayed a poor expression of miR‐379‐5p . Upregulation of miR‐379‐5p reduced the OGD‐induced cell damage and decreased the expression of the autophagy marker protein Beclin1 in cells. Rapamycin, an autophagy activator, blocked the protective functions of miR‐379‐5p . Further, miR‐379‐5p directly bound to MAP3K2 . MAP3K2 activated the JNK/c‐Jun signaling pathway and suppressed the neuroprotective events mediated by miR‐379‐5p . The in vitro results were reproduced in vivo, where upregulation of miR‐379‐5p reduced neurological impairment and infarct size in MCAO‐induced mice. This study suggested that miR‐379‐5p showed a neuroprotective effect on ischemic stroke and reduced autophagy of neurons through the suppression of MAP3K2 and the JNK/c‐Jun axis.
Scientific inquiry skills and their relationship to achievement in chemistry for third-intermediate students

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The current research aimed to identify the skills of scientific investigation and achievement in chemistry among third-grade intermediate students, as well as to identify the strength and direction of the relationship between the research variables, and the descriptive correlative approach was adopted. The average in schools affiliated to the Directorate of Education / Karkh third in Baghdad by (2%) of the research community of (22,148) male and female students for the academic year (2021-2022). Measurement, classification, conclusion, extrapolation, prediction, communication, use of space and time relationships, procedural definition, controlling variables, imposing hypotheses, experimental design, and data interpretation) by 50 items (multiple choice). (40) paragraphs, including (35) objective paragraphs of a multiple-choice type with four alternatives and (5) essay paragraphs. Psychometrics of the two tools using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS+22) The statistical results showed the following: 1) The third intermediate grade students have a good achievement in chemistry as a result of their perseverance and scientific efforts; 2) The third intermediate grade students have sufficient scientific inquiry skills; 3) There is a correlation between scientific inquiry skills and achievement.