jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Health Hazards of the Goldsmiths in Tantibazar Area of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Aims: To find out the major occupational health issues among the goldsmiths and its’ causative factors, The study also aims to identify the study populations’ health risks in line with their work type, and to estimate the proportion of the goldsmiths vulnerable to those health risks. Study Design: It is a survey research. Place and Duration of Study: Goldsmith clusters at Tantibazar in Dhaka, Bangladesh, between March 2011 and June 2014. Methodology: Focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted among 2 focus groups in Tantibazar goldsmith cluster. Each of the groups consisted of 20 respondents. Besides, library search and internet browsing have also been done. Results: Almost 70% of the goldsmiths work in soldering unit followed by 12% in polishing unit, 6% in cutting unit, 4% in refining unit, 3% in enameling unit and setting unit each, and 2% in designing unit. Many hazardous substances are used in these working units, such as Cd, HNO3, H2SO4. The dusts and fumes generated from these hazardous substances pose various health hazards to the Original Research Article Hossain et al.; AIR, 4(3): 166-178, 2015; Article no.AIR.2015.072 167 artisans. About 92% goldsmiths are exposed to cold fever, weakness and suffocation, 86% are exposed to jaundice/liver problems and diarrhea each, 84% are exposed to headache and 80% are exposed to dehydration as immediate health hazards. Among the long term health impacts, about 94% goldsmiths are exposed to vision problem, 93% are exposed to back pain, 92% are exposed to respiratory diseases, 86% have health vulnerability to constipation and piles problems, and 16% and 12% goldsmiths are exposed to dermatitis and dental carries respectively. Conclusion: The gold jewelry manufacturing process followed in Tantibazar involve a number of health hazards. But the goldsmiths are not getting proper attention regarding improving their environmental health issues. The responsible authority also does not provide any facility in respect to their health issues.
EFFECT OF HOT WATER DIPPING ON THE POST HARVEST LIFE OF BLOOD RED ORANGES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Effect of hot water dipping on the post harvest life of blood red oranges was investigated. Fruits were dipped in hot water at different temperatures (45, 50, 55 and 60 °C) while some fruits were left without dipping as control. Data was recorded at every 10-days interval (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 days) for physicochemical analyses. A significant decrease was observed in % acidity (0.90-0.68), ascorbic acid contents (69.79-50.97), and overall acceptability (7.13-5.97), while a significant increase was observed in TSS (11.53-12.19), TSS/acid ratio (12.56-18.12) and % weight loss (0.78-1.14) during storage. The fruits dipped in 45 °C were found to be most acceptable as per physico-chemical analyses and sensory evaluation.
Identitas City Branding, Analisis Tampilan Identitas Daerah pada Cover Infografis Bekraf RI

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Creative Economic Agency of the Republic of Indonesia (Bekraf RI) has produced 57 infographics throughout 2016-2018 from Independent Assessment of Creative City/ District for Indonesia (PMK3I). One of the exciting parts of those infographics is the cover related to city branding's identity in developing the creative economy in an area. This study aims to determine what identities are displayed in city branding. This research used the theory of city image management by Kavaratzis. The methodology used is descriptive qualitative with content analysis techniques. The research data used are infographics cover of Creative Economic Agency of the Republic of Indonesia in Malang, Yogyakarta, and Jakarta. The data collection technique was carried out by in-depth interviews with informants who worked in the tourism sector government agencies and were native to those areas. In representing cities/regions in Indonesia, physical buildings, cultural products, and community characters are always connected to their local identity.
Examining the social influence of reputation for partner productivity level on the collaborative task performance of young children

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Humans adjust behaviour in the presence of others in a phenomenon called social influence, which can be categorized into social facilitation (promotional effects) and social loafing (inhibitory effects). The study examined whether the productivity level of the partner in individual and collaborative tasks produced a social influence on children's task performance. The participants were aged 4‐ to 6‐years‐old and grouped as high‐productivity, low‐productivity, and control according to the productivity level of the partners. Experiments 1 and 2 assigned adults and young peers as partners, respectively. Children's performance in the collaborative task decreased compared with the individual task. This effect was unobserved when the adult partner was highly productive but occurred regardless of productivity level when the partner was a peer. Positive correlations were also observed between children's and partners' performance in both experiments. The results thus suggested that young children adjust their behaviour based on the partner's actions. Highlights The social influence of partner's productivity level on young children's task performance was examined during a collaborative task. Children performed individual and collaborative tasks with an adult (Experiment 1) or child partner (Experiment 2). Positive correlations were observed between children's and partners' performance in both experiments.
Struvite as a Sustainable Fertilizer in Mediterranean Soils

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Recycled sources of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N), such as struvite extracted from wastewater, have the potential to substitute conventional manufactured fertilizers and mitigate environmental problems such as water eutrophication or the depletion of non-renewable resources. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of struvite as a nitrogenous and phosphate fertilizer in the Spanish Mediterranean region. Two experiments were carried out using struvite recovered from sewage sludge and different representative soils from the area. Since knowing the rates at which their nutrients are released is key for efficient use, experiment I determined the struvite N-releasing rate for 16 weeks. Experiment II studied the effect of different struvite doses (50, 100, 200 kg P2O5 ha−1) on crop growth compared to superphosphate + ammonium nitrate. The results indicated N-releasing rates that fall in line with a slow-release fertilizer. More than 20% of applied struvite-N was unavailable for plants or in the longer term, which suggests struvite fractionation as the most efficient application method. Struvite showed similar fertilization capacity, which was even better at some points, than conventional mineral fertilization, plus adequate plant growth and good nutrient concentration at the 50 kg P2O5 ha−1 dose. Based on this study, struvite can be considered an interesting and effective option for sustainable fertilization in the Mediterranean region.
New seismic study of deep sea gas hydrates results in greatly improved resolution

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A multichannel seismic survey has resulted in greatly improved resolution of structural details of deep sea gas hydrates off the west coast of Canada, revealing numerous geological features not before evident. The survey using the Naval Research Laboratory deep‐towed acoustic/geophysics system (DTAGS), provided high‐resolution images and layer velocities more than 10 times better than those obtained in the past using conventional systems. Vertical resolution within 2 m and horizontal resolution within 20 m were achieved. The work demonstrates that high‐resolution seismic surveys with deep towed multichannel systems can provide important new information about pathways of fluid and gas migration that control the formation of gas hydrates. Conventional surface‐towed seismic systems are unable to do this.
540p version: Obama fundraising appearance in Potomac jams streets, draws Keystone protesters

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Better quality video file in 540x960 (540P) resolution , otherwise same video as https://archive.org/details/ObamaPotomacKXL5192014360p Keystone XL protest at an Obama fundraiser in ultra-rich Potomac, MD. The motorcade's road shutdowns caused massive traffic jams but the motorcade still had to pass the protesters! (event took place May 19th)
P.036 Burden of illness in patients with migraine in Canada: A patient survey and retrospective chart review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: There are limited Canadian data on the impact of migraine on quality of life, economic, and societal burden. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the humanistic and economic burden of illness of migraine in Canada. Methods: Retrospective medical chart review and prospective patient survey were used to evaluate the clinical, social, and economic burden of migraine in patients who failed at least two prior prophylactic therapies. Results: 287 migraine patients were included. High- frequency episodic migraine (8 to 14 MMDs) and chronic migraine (15+ MMDs) made up the majority of the cohort (35.2% and 35.9%, respectively). 72.8% of the patients had underlying comorbidities 78% indicated that they experienced severe disability on their daily life due to their headaches. The total estimated annual cost of chronic migraine was $25,669 per patient while high-frequency episodic and low-frequency episodic migraine was associated with an annual cost of $24,885 and $15,651 per patient respectively. Conclusions: This study provides a recent and comprehensive assessment of the burden of illness associated with migraine in Canada and showed that migraine is associated with a substantial humanistic and economic burden for patients and healthcare systems.
Quasi-conformal transformation optics with elasto-electromagnetic metamaterials: Design algorithm

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We report here a design method that is used to determine the initial shapes of elasto-electromagnetic metamaterial blocks with respect to the given shape of a hiding object when these blocks are applied to the problem of carpet cloaking. Starting from the inhomogeneous permittivity distribution of a cloak, derived using transformation optics, we use an inverse process to design the initial shape of a uniform permittivity material for an arbitrary value of Poisson's ratio in the range from −1 to 0.5. Then, by elastic compression of the initially uniform metamaterial, we obtain the inhomogeneous permittivity distribution that is required for cloaking. Our design method is then experimentally verified by measurements of the electric field profiles in smart metamaterial cloaks.
Primary Generalized Infection Caused by Herpes Simplex Virus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

NEURINOMA OF STOMACH from intermittent pains in the epigastrium, not aggravated by food.These complaints continued for approximately three years, after which a severe haematemesis occurred, presumably gastric in origin.Then and until May, 1951, her condition was satisfactory.At that time she started complaining of pain in the epigastrium, aggravated by food, and of acid eructations.On examination the patient was pale and emaciated.The lungs, liver, heart, and kidneys were normal.A fixed hard mass the size of an egg was palpated in the epigastrium.Its upper end was covered by the left costal margin.The urine was normal.A blood count showed: red cells, 4,200,000; Hb, 84% ; white cells, 6,800, with a normal differential count.The other laboratory tests were negative.X-ray examination of the stomach demonstrated a considerable niche, about 4-5 cm.wide, situated below the cardia on the lesser curvature.A clinical diagnosis of penetrative callous ulcer of the lesser curvature was made.Operation.-OnMarch 14, under thialbarbitone, nitrous oxide, and tubocurarine anaesthesia, a high median incision was made.At the lesser curvature of the stomach a tumour the size of a fist was found, extending from the cardia to the pylorus.As the diagnosis was malignant tumour, a total gastrectomy was performed.The spleen and the tail of the pancreas were also removed.The patient was returned to the ward in good condition.During the operation 500 ml. of blopd and 500 g. of polyvinylpyrrolidone (" subtosan") were transfused.The histological report stated "Large neurinoma aris- ing from the outer stomach wall of the lesser curvature.Ulceration at the middle of the tumour, about 3 cm. in diameter and 3 cm.deep.Chronic hypertrophic gastritis.No signs of malignancy were found.Diagnosis, neurinoma of the stomach."The patient made an uneventful recovery and was discharged on April 3.
Early Recurrence of Pancreatic Metastasis\ 6 Months after Enucleation for Pancreatic Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma—A Case Report—

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

症例は65歳の女性で，腎細胞癌に対して腹腔鏡下右腎摘出術が施行された．術後9年目の腹部CTで径10mm大の膵体部腫瘍を認め，腎細胞癌膵転移と診断した．単発の膵転移であり，腹腔鏡下膵腫瘍核出術を施行した．病理検査で腎細胞癌膵転移と診断した．経過は良好で，術後9日目に自宅退院となった．術後6カ月の腹部CTで，切除部位近傍に2個の膵転移再発と診断した．切除可能であったが，術後早期の多発する病変再発であり，分子標的薬での治療を開始し，有害事象により3カ月で中止した．投与中止後12カ月で新規病変はなく，増大傾向を認めたため腹腔鏡下尾側膵切除術を施行した．術後1年の時点で再発所見を認めず，経過観察中である．腎細胞癌膵転移において，潜在的な転移病巣が存在する可能性を念頭に置き，機能温存と長期予後の両立を目指した治療戦略が必要である．
A Novel Compact Torsional Spring for Series Elastic Actuators for Assistive Wearable Robots

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The introduction of intrinsic compliance in the actuation system of assistive robots improves safety and dynamical adaptability. Furthermore, in the case of wearable robots for gait assistance, the exploitation of conservative compliant elements as energy buffers can mimic the intrinsic dynamical properties of legs during locomotion. However, commercially available compliant components do not generally allow to meet the desired requirements in terms of admissible peak load, as typically required by gait assistance, while guaranteeing low stiffness and a compact and lightweight design. This paper presents a novel compact monolithic torsional spring to be used as the basic component of a modular compliant system for series elastic actuators. The spring, whose design was refined through an iterative FEA-based optimization process, has an external diameter of 85 mm, a thickness of 3 mm and a weight of 61.5 g. The spring, characterized using a custom dynamometric test bed, shows a linear torque versus angle characteristic. The compliant element has a stiffness of 98 N·m/rad and it is capable of withstanding a maximum torque of 7.68 N·m. A good agreement between simulated and experimental data were observed, with a maximum resultant error of 6%. By arranging a number of identical springs in series or in parallel, it is possible to render different torque versus angle characteristics, in order to match the specific applications requirements.
Critical Assessment of the Biomarker Discovery and Classification Methods for Multiclass Metabolomics

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Multiclass metabolomics has been widely applied in clinical practice to understand pathophysiological processes involved in disease progression and diagnostic biomarkers of various disorders. In contrast to the binary problem, the multiclass classification problem is more difficult in terms of obtaining reliable and stable results due to the increase in the complexity of determining exact class decision boundaries. In particular, methods of biomarker discovery and classification have a significant effect on the multiclass model because different methods with significantly varied theories produce conflicting results even for the same dataset. However, a systematic assessment for selecting the most appropriate methods of biomarker discovery and classification for multiclass metabolomics is still lacking. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment is essential to measure the suitability of methods in multiclass classification models from multiple perspectives. In this study, five biomarker discovery methods and nine classification methods were assessed based on four benchmark datasets of multiclass metabolomics. The performance assessment of the biomarker discovery and classification methods was performed using three evaluation criteria: assessment a (cluster analysis of sample grouping), assessment b (biomarker consistency in multiple subgroups), and assessment c (accuracy in the classification model). As a result, 13 combining strategies with superior performance were selected under multiple criteria based on these benchmark datasets. In conclusion, superior strategies that performed consistently well are suggested for the discovery of biomarkers and the construction of a classification model for multiclass metabolomics.
Care and justice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

An ethic of care and an ethic of justice are commonly presented as distinct moral theories, with proponents of each view critiquing the other. In this chapter I argue that care and justice are logically compatible, interdependent and indispensable to one another. While a commitment to social justice is a cornerstone of critical social work practice, justice cannot be properly served without an ethic of care, enacted through relationship and paying particular attention to the unique context and needs of individuals. The profession of social work was deeply steeped in the idea of care from the outset. However, in recent decades, care has become devalued and undermined as a focus on scientific, evidence-based practice has become dominant. Drawing on interviews with social workers and social work clients, I argue that if social work practice is to be based on a critical ethics, attention to social justice is not enough. A focus on care is also required and needs to be returned to the heart of social work practice.
BMP Regulation of Stem Cell Development During Drosophila Testis Formation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Stem cells are vital for organogenesis, tissue regeneration, and tissue homeostasis. These asymmetrically dividing cells provide the functional cell types necessary for organogenesis while maintaining a stem cell population that continuously replaces damaged and dying cells. Despite the fundamental importance of stem cells to living systems, the mechanisms regulating stem cell development are not well understood. One of the most thoroughly studied systems for examining stem cell behavior is the stem cell niche in the adult Drosophila testis. This niche is composed of two populations of stem cells: the sperm-producing germline stem cells (GSCs) and the somatic cyst stem cells (CySCs). Both of these populations are anchored around a cluster of non-mitotic somatic cells found at the testis apex, called the hub. Within this stem cell niche, the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) pathway has been shown to regulate GSC maintenance in the adult organism. In this thesis, we examine the role of BMP signaling during the dynamic process of development. Specifically, we characterize the pattern of BMP activation in the testis throughout development, determine the role of BMP signaling in the maintenance of GSCs in larval testes, assess the role of BMP signaling on cyst cell function, and evaluate interactions between the BMP pathway and Jak-STAT, another pathway known to regulate CySC behavior. We find that BMP signaling expresses a dynamic pattern of activation in developing primordial germ cells (PGCs) during embryogenesis, and that BMP activation becomes restricted to GSCs and germ cells in the testis anterior after hub formation. Additionally, we find that BMP signaling is both necessary and sufficient for the maintenance of undifferentiated GSCs in the early larval testis and that in the soma it is required for proper spermatogonial differentiation. Finally, we show that soma-specific Jak-STAT hyperactivation results in expanded expression of BMP signaling, indicating interactions between the CySCs and the GSCs using the BMP pathway. Thus, our results show that BMP signaling from the CySCs promotes GSC maintenance and demonstrates the importance of soma-germline communication in spermatogonial differentiation. Furthermore, the research presented in this thesis suggests other possible roles for BMP signaling in testis development, including a possible function in GSC establishment, as well as the existence of a second pathway that helps promote GSC maintenance during late stages of testis development.
The Impact of the Data Warehouse on Decision Making Quality and Speed in Higher Education

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper studies the impact of implementing a data warehouse technology on decision making quality and speed in the context of higher education institutions. The model of this study uses the decision-making process phases of rational decision-making theory. The results of the survey among high level decision makers (deans, provosts, etc.) in USA higher education institutions revealed that the decision-making quality and speed are considerably improved by the presence of the data warehouse technology. This relationship is mediated by multiple mediators operating in serial, namely, system quality, information quality, intelligence phase quality, design phase quality and choice phase quality.
Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis and Long Term Maintenance of Embryogenic Lines of Litchi

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We have been successful in the long term maintenance of embryogenic cultures for two cultivars of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) Purbi and Bedana. The embryogenic lines could be stably maintained through frequent sub-culturing on long term maintenance medium containing 2,4-D + IASP without loss of embryogenic competence. The combination of activated charcoal, sucrose, and polyethylene glycol in the embryo development and maturation medium provided the highest number of mature embryos that were not very rich in starch granules but had high phenolic compounds. Nevertheless the matured somatic embryos were successfully germinated on MS medium consisted of MS salts and B5 vitamins with Kinetin 1 mgl−1, Gibberellic acid (GA) 5 mgl−1, coconut water 50 ml l−1, 3% (w/v) sucrose, 7 gl−1 agar and grown into normal plants on conversion medium (CM) and its efficiency was different in different cultivars i.e. in Purbi-49% and Bedana-36.1%.