jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
21st Century Skills development among young graduates

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper presents the results of the project “21st Century Skills: Changing the Approach to Teaching in Higher Education”, which was funded by the Erasmus+ programme between 2019 and 2021. The study involved seven institutions coming from different parts of Europe; mainly these were universities, but there was also one not-for-profit organisation, and one SME. Past and present-day initiatives and studies relating to the development of soft and digital skills among university students are investigated, with particular regard being paid to their perspective when they first have to face the job market. The study design is threefold, involving firstly desk research, where major documents were collected in Bulgaria, Spain, Turkey, Czech Republic, and Italy; then market research, where a sample of corporate professionals and university representatives were interviewed in order to gather additional information relating to the level of development of these skills among young graduates and employees; and lastly, a comparison between two questionnaires filled in by students before and after completing the courses established by the project. Research stages one and two are briefly introduced, with the main focus of the paper being on stage three and a discussion in which the results from various European countries are compared. The results reveal that some European countries prioritise some skills more than others. In addition, in the examined countries, it can be seen that 21st Century Skills are still not widely developed by young graduates and there is a mismatch between the value attributed to the improvement of competencies and the actual content of training provided by European universities. In summary, employers and academics have provided key information relating to the most needed skills in the market today. In addition, they have testified that attention should be paid to university projects, such as internship programmes and advanced English courses in order to better prepare young people for the marketplace. Furthermore, students should be more involved in activities aimed at improving their level of 21st Century Skills, with courses specifically designed to address this need and make them more aware of their current skill level and the abilities they are expected to have. Currently, these courses are rarely organised by Higher Education institutions and even when they are, they are not always effective.
Assessing the spatial impacts of multi-combination vehicles on an urban motorway

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Multi-combination vehicles (MCVs) in urban areas impact on productivity, safety, infrastructure, congestion and the environment. However, psychological effects of MCVs on other drivers may also influence the positioning of vehicles and congestion. A literature review revealed little information on the psychological effects of heavy vehicles on other road users. This research can be used to quantify some psychological impacts of MCVs.

A testing program was undertaken on the Gateway Motorway to observe passenger car behaviour around MCVs in a lateral and longitudinal sense. Video footage was collected on a four lane divided urban motorway section which was level, straight and away from any off/on ramps. It experiences high traffic volumes with a one-way AADT of approximately 33,500. The route is currently designated for B-doubles, which is the most common MCV in urban areas.

In a lateral sense, the research showed that passenger car behaviour changes around heavy vehicles (prime mover semi-trailer combination and B-doubles); however, there is no statistical difference in passenger car behaviour around semi-trailers and B-doubles. Longitudinally it was found that, even though passenger cars shy away from B-doubles more than semi-trailers, B-doubles are still more efficient in a spatial sense since they carry more freight.

The outcomes of this research indicate that there is no further psychological impact on passenger cars, when travelling around B-doubles compared with semi-trailers. Where the results identified longitudinal behaviour changes, it was still concluded that B-doubles were more efficient at transporting freight when the passenger car equivalent (PCE) per tonne of freight was considered.

Tracking ability testing was undertaken in a rural area to determine the lateral spatial requirements of three different MCVs. The rural testing was considered appropriate since parts of the urban network have similar characteristics to rural networks. A model was developed as a part of this project to process the data collected by Haldane (2002), but results could not be relied upon due to poor quality data.
Finite frequency dynamics of magnetic domain walls

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The dynamics of domain walls in an ac magnetic field is formulated. The coupled partial differential equations of the displacements of the domain wall in an external pinning potential coupled to the magnetic fields through Maxwell's equations are obtained with proper jump conditions. These equations are solved numerically. Previous calculations are applicable only in the limit when the sample size is much less than the bare penetration depth whereas no such approximation is made in the present approach. The bowlike shape of the domain wall and its variation with time are obtained. For every point on the domain wall, its oscillation shows a phase lag which varies with time and is different from each other. Our calculation provides for an interpretation of recent experimental results that observe a peak in the ac susceptibility of soft magnets as a function of the amplitude of the external magnetic field. The effects of the surface tension, the relaxation, and the pinning potential on the permeabilities are also investigated.
Biology of Euschistus Variolarius P. De B.(Family Pentatomidae; Order Hemiptera)1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Although contributions to the life history of American Pentatomidae have been made by Morrill (1910), <it>Pentatoma ligata</it> Say; Drake (1920), <it>Nezara viridula</it> Linn.; Chittenden (1908), <it>Murgantia histrionica</it> Hahn.; Knight (1923), <it>Perillus bioculatus</it> Fab.; nothing has been found on the biology of <it>Euschistus variolarius</it> P. De B.
MANifest Health Theory: A Holistic Approach to Cis-Gender Men’s Health

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Men’s health has often been overlooked in health care, with traditional gender norms and societal expectations significantly shaping men’s health behaviors and attitudes. The MANifest Health Theory (MHT) offers a comprehensive framework to address cis-gender men’s unique health needs by considering the complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors. Rooted in four interconnected core concepts—Biopsychosocial Model, Health Optimization, Health Synchronicity, and Ethnocultural Expression—MHT provides a holistic understanding of men’s health. This article explores how MHT integrates inductive and deductive reasoning, describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling aspects of men’s health. Key components such as Gender-Sensitive Care, Health Empowerment, Supportive Environments, and Interdisciplinary Collaboration are discussed in relation to practical strategies for health care delivery. The limitations of MHT, including its developmental status, cultural applicability, and inclusivity of diverse gender identities, are acknowledged. Future steps for validating and refining the theory through empirical research, cultural adaptation, and inclusion of diverse gender experiences are outlined. By applying MHT, health care professionals can deliver more holistic and culturally competent care, promoting healthier lifestyles and reducing health care disparities among men.
The relationship between complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use and quality of life among individuals with chronic pain: results from a nationally representative sample

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Chronic pain is a major public health concern in Canada, with an estimated annual cost of $6 billion in direct health care expenses. At the same time, Canadians are participating in an increased use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies. Purpose: The purpose of this quantitative research study was to examine the relationship between the use of CAM and HRQOL for individuals living with chronic pain. Method: This study was a secondary data analysis of the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Cycle 3.1 Subsample 1 collected by Statistics Canada in 2005 (n=32,133). Results: The prevalence of CAM use for the Canadian population was 20.9% whereas for the chronic pain subset, it was 30.8%. CAM users had 1.48 times increased odds of reporting a high HRQOL than non-CAM users (CI=1.16-1.88). Conclusion: These results demonstrate that a modest but significant positive association exists between CAM use and a high HRQOL.
THE COLLEGIATE CHURCH OF SANTA MARIA THE XUNQUEIRA DE AMBIA'S LA REAL: THE RECOVERY OF HIS COUNTRY HOUSE PRIORAL.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The results of work carried out at the Priory of the Collegiate Church of Santa Maria in Xunqueira de Ambia are presented, following its recent restoration. The studies carried out were based on analysing historical and bibliographic documentation, archaeological control of earthmoving work, and the stratigraphic reading of elevations. Based on this information, it has been possible to define the constructional evolution of the building, reinterpret its function and open new inroads into explaining its spatial and functional evolution, as well as to describe a series of features relating to the inscriptions documented in the building.
Inflation, agricultural prices and economic convergence in Greece

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Inflation, agricultural prices and economic convergence in Greece Get access GEORGE P. ZANIAS GEORGE P. ZANIAS Department of International and European Economic Studies, Athens University of Economics and Business76, Patission Street, 104-34 Athens, Greece Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar European Review of Agricultural Economics, Volume 25, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 19–29, https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/25.1.19 Published: 01 March 1998 Article history Received: 01 June 1997 Published: 01 March 1998
Change of Ruminoreticular Temperature and Body Activity before and after Parturition in Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) Cows

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

How do body temperature and activity change before and after parturition in pregnant cows? Changes in body temperature such as ruminal, rectal, and vaginal temperature during the parturition have been reported, but there are no results of the simultaneous observation of body temperature and activity. The aim of this study was to simultaneously confirm changes in the ruminoreticular temperature and body activity before and after parturition using the ruminoreticular bio-capsule sensor every 1 h. The 55 pregnant cows were used for the experiment, the ruminoreticular bio-capsule sensor was inserted and stabilized, and the ruminoreticular temperature and body activity were measured. The ruminoreticular temperature was lower by 0.5° from −24 h to −3 h in parturition compared to 48 h before parturition and then recovered again after parturition. Body activity increased temporarily at the time of parturition and 12 h after parturition. Therefore, the ruminoreticular temperature and body activity before and after parturition was simultaneously confirmed in pregnant cows.
Open Data and Open Governance in Canada: A Critical Examination of New Opportunities and Old Tensions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As governments develop open data strategies, such efforts reflect the advent of the Internet, the digitization of government, and the emergence of meta-data as a wider socio-economic and societal transformational. Within this context the purpose of this article is twofold. First, we seek to both situate and examine the evolution and effectiveness of open data strategies in the Canadian public sector, with a particular focus on municipal governments that have led this movement. Secondly, we delve more deeply into—if and how, open data can facilitate more open and innovative forms of governance enjoining an outward-oriented public sector (across all government levels) with an empowered and participative society. This latter vantage point includes four main and inter-related dimensions: (i) conceptualizing public value and public engagement; (ii) media relations—across traditional intermediaries and channels and new social media; (iii) political culture and the politics of privacy in an increasingly data-centric world; and (iv) federated architectures and the alignment of localized, sub-national, and national strategies and governance mechanisms. This article demonstrates how each of these dimensions includes important determinants of not only open data’s immediate impacts but also its catalytic ability to forge wider and collective innovation and more holistic governance renewal.
Farm Profile Attributes and Adoption of Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITK) for Crop Management by Rice-Growing Farmers in Tamil Nadu, India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aims to identify farm profile attributes and uses of Indigenous Technical Knowledge to pest and nutrient management by rice-growing farmers in Tamil Nadu. A total of 60 respondents were used which 10 farmers selected by snowball sampling from Nagapattinam, Thiruvarur, Thanjavur, Karaikal, Thoothukudi, and Ramanathapuram districts of Tamil Nadu and Karaikal in Puducherry. The main purpose of the study was to gather information from organic farmers for crop pest and nutrient management in rice. The results of this study reveal that majority of the farmers having secondary level of education (31.67%), the majority of respondents up to twenty years of organic farming experience (75%), Majority of respondents contacts with extension officials of Agriculture Officer (45%), information obtained through mass media (73%) and 45% of respondents actively participating in social activities. From nutrient sources Panchagavya has been mostly used almost 68% of the farmers followed by Cow dung (30%). In Panchagavya preparation Meenamilam is found to be used at the rate of 10ml/ lit by majority (68.33%) of the farmers of Nagapattinam, Thiruvarur and Thanjavur districts. The other commonly used ITK concoctions include Jeevamirtham 20 (ml/lit), Amirthakaraisal 10 (ml/lit), five leaf extract 30 (ml/lit), 3G extract 50 (ml/lit), Themorkaraisal 100 (ml/lit). Almost 50- 60 percent of the farmers have their crops affected with pests or diseases and very few of them mitigate this issue by the use of organic sources and with the help of extension officials. This study indicated that farmers are gaining more knowledge on organic farming and its importance. Anyhow, education has to be provided to those who are in the progress of practising organic farming. Pest management strategies and trainings need to be offered to the farmers and the officials and scientists are willing to provide knowledge to the farmers as this of prime concern in agriculture.
Heart rate variability in leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2‐associated Parkinson's disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Background Heart rate variability is reduced in idiopathic PD, indicating cardiac autonomic dysfunction likely resulting from peripheral autonomic synucleinopathy. Little is known about heart rate variability in leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2‐associated PD. Objectives This study investigated heart rate variability in LRRK2 ‐associated PD. Methods Resting electrocardiograms were obtained from 20 individuals with LRRK2 ‐associated PD, 37 nonmanifesting carriers, 48 related noncarriers, 26 idiopathic PD patients, and 32 controls. Linear regression modelling compared time and frequency domain values, adjusting for age, sex, heart rate, and disease duration. Results Low‐frequency power and the ratio of low–high frequency power were reduced in idiopathic PD versus controls ( P < .008, P < .029 respectively). In contrast, individuals with LRRK2 ‐associated PD were not statistically different from controls in any parameter measured. Furthermore, all parameters trended toward being higher in LRRK2 ‐associated PD when compared with idiopathic PD. Conclusions Heart rate variability may remain intact in LRRK2 ‐associated PD, adding to a growing literature supporting clinical‐pathologic differences between LRRK2 ‐associated and idiopathic PD. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Effect of zinc-bearing palygorskite on rumen bacterial diversity in vitro

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Objective
The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of zinc-bearing palygorskite (Zn-Pal) on rumen bacterial diversity in vitro.

Methods
We prepared Zn-Pal by the ion-exchange, and evaluated the compositions of bacterial communities in 60 samples based on 16S rDNA genes.

Results
We obtained a total of 1490959 effective sequences and 87662 OTUs. The bacterial diversity in the treatment Ⅳ group increased at 24 h, and the abundance of the treatment Ⅳ group increased at 48 h. Bacterial community composition analysis shows that the dominant phyla were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Lentisphaerae. Compared with the control group, Firmicutes in treatment groups significantly increased (P < 0.05) at 24 h and 48 h, whereas Bacteroidetes in the treatment Ⅳ group was decreased (P < 0.05) at 48 h. At the genus level, the sequences could be assigned to 124 different genera. The content of Prevotella had no significant difference between the control and treatments. The relative abundance of Treponema in the treatment Ⅳ group was significantly higher at 48 h than in the control group (P < 0.05), whereas the relative abundance of Victivallis and Pseudobutyrivibrio in treatment Ⅳ was lower.

Conclusion
Zn-Pal may affect rumen fluid bacterial diversity in dairy cows, and the degrees of this influence varied with the dose and time of Zn-Pal.
Surfactant Lavage for Meconium Aspiration: A Word of Caution

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Meconium has the potential to wreak havoc when it contaminates the lower airway of a newborn. First, when the particulate material becomes trapped in small distal airways, it tends to function as a ball valve—permitting air to enter alveoli, but not evacuate, thus resulting in ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) imbalance and overinflation of the lung. The abnormally high lung volume predisposes to development of air leaks, such as pneumothorax or pulmonary interstitial emphysema. Second, if the meconium reaches the alveoli, it will inactivate endogenous surfactant, thus leading to atelectasis and further contributing to V/Q mismatch. Overdistension of the lung through air trapping and ventilator therapy may also damage alveolar integrity, leading to leakage of serum proteins and further inactivation of surfactant. Third, the hypoxemia resulting from the airway problems may result in pulmonary vasoconstriction, thus leading to extrapulmonary right-to-left shunting and more V/Q mismatch. Therefore, there are many reasons why the concept of washing meconium from the lungs of infants with meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is appealing.

Elsewhere in this issue, Wiswell et al1 have reported the results …
Effect of yogasana and walking practices on body mass index on urban school students

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the combined effect of combined yogasana and walking practices on body mass index among urban high school boys. To achieve the purpose of the study thirty high school boys were selected from Karaikudi, Tamilnadu, India during the year 2017. The subject's age ranges from 14 to 18 years. The selected students were divided into two equal groups consists of 15 students each namely experimental group and control group. The experimental group underwent a yogasana and walking practices programme for six weeks. The control group was not taking part in any training during the course of the study. Body mass index was taken as criterion variable in this study. The selected subjects were tested on Body mass index was measured through body mass index analyzer method. Pre-test was taken before the training period and post- test was measured immediately after the six-week training period. Statistical technique't' ratio was used to analyse the means of the pre-test and post test data of experimental group and control group. The results revealed that there was a significant difference found on the criterion variable. The difference is found due to yogasana and walking practices given to the experimental group on Body mass index when compared to control group.
Aboriginal Children Placed in Out-of-Home Care: Pathways Through the Child Protection System

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The overrepresentation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (respectfully referred to hereafter as "Aboriginal") children in the child protection system is a concern in Australia, with Aboriginal children placed in out-of-home care at a rate 11 times that of non-Aboriginal children. This study utilised linked administrative data to determine the longitudinal child protection pathways from birth to age 10 years for a cohort of 15,815 Aboriginal children born in Western Australia between 2000 and 2006. In total, 9,269 (59%) children did not have any contact with child protection between one year prior to birth and their 11th birthday. Conversely, 6,546 (41%) Aboriginal children were involved with child protection during the study period, with 1,405 (9%) children placed in out-of-home care. Infants who had a child protection notification were more likely than other age groups to have a substantiated notification of abuse and neglect and placed in out-of-home care. More than half (56%) of all children were predominantly placed in kinship care; however, only 22% had their first placement with kinship carers. Aboriginal-led strategies together with the support and commitment of all levels of government are required to reduce entry into care and improve outcomes for Aboriginal children in care.IMPLICATIONSAboriginal-led strategies and wholistic responses can reduce the overrepresentation of Aboriginal children reported to child protection systems, and support families and communities.Infancy stands out as a key point of system involvement. This stage offers an opportunity where early intervention and family support strategies may prevent first time involvement with the child protection services and promote kinship placement, reunification with parents, and community-led supportive care.
Distorted-field approximation to the static pion potential

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The interaction potentials for two static sources of the \ensuremath{\pi}-meson field are calculated in the distorted-field approximation. The spin- and isospin-dependent parts of the potential are shown to be close to the corresponding one-pion-exchange potentials. In addition, there is a very strong Wigner potential that is not present in the one-pion-exchange potential. All of the components of the potential depend significantly on the shape of the assumed pion-nucleon Yukawa interaction.