jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Toward a new heaven and new earth: a scientific, biblical and theological exploration of continuity and discontinuity

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This thesis is an interdisciplinary exploration of the level of continuity and discontinuity in the transition from creation to new creation. It brings into dialogue the perspectives of scientific, philosophical and biblical theology, examining several key issues independently in order to synthesise those conclusions into an overall assessment of continuity. The traditional eschatological narrative of death, judgement, heaven and hell has been rightly criticised as both lacking theological coherence and advancing a profoundly anthropocentric focus in distinction to a robust theology of creation. Many theologians now articulate a more biblically intelligible Christian narrative of ‘creation to new creation’. In that theological framework, the human story is only a subplot – albeit a vitally important one – within the larger story of the whole of creation. The traditional post-mortem destiny of ‘heaven’ is replaced by the more expansive but grounded vision of ‘a new heaven and a new earth’; the traditional Christian gospel of human salvation is expanded into a gospel of renewal for the whole of creation. Yet this creates challenging theological questions. What is the nature of transition from creation to new creation? How does the new heaven and new earth connect to the present, and to individual eschatology? Will this transition be a divine irruptive event or a gradual process – and what role for human beings? Questions of continuity and discontinuity are of central concern. This research explores these questions combining the insights of science, theology and the Bible with equal integrity and with the aim of achieving a high level of consonance, emphasising the representative voices of John Polkinghorne, Jürgen Moltmann and N.T. Wright. Practical and theological implications of a high degree of continuity are of vital importance in light of the current global climate crisis and its potentially catastrophic effects on both the earth and humanity. A vigorous Christian environmental response demands a theology of creation which includes an eschatological vision not only for humanity but for the whole earth as well.
A STUDY OF CARDIOPULMONARY ALTERATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND ITS VARIANTS1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It has recently become apparent that a high proportion of individuals who possess S type he- moglobin exhibit significant desaturation of the arterial blood.In 1942 Klinefelter (1) found arterial oxygen saturations of 89 and 91 per cent in two patients, and in 1943 Reinhard, Moore, Dubach, and Wade (2) found values ranging from 74.2 to 90.8 per cent saturation in one pa- tient with sickle cell disease.Leight, Snider, Clifford, and Hellems (3) studied 13 patients with sickle cell disease in 1954, 10 of whom had arterial 02 desaturation.Within the past year reports from this laboratory (4, 5) and from Jen- sen, Rucknagel, and Taylor (6) indicate that de- saturation of arterial blood exists in most people who possess S type hemoglobin.The exact mech- anism responsible for this phenomenon has not been elucidated.The various possibilities may be distinguished with fair accuracy by determining alveolar and arterial oxygen tensions and calculating A-a oxy- gen tension gradients at three levels of oxygena- tion.If desaturation is due to hypoventilation, no appreciable gradient exists at any level of oxy- genation and CO2 retention is usually evident.Any increase in A-a gradient must, therefore, be due to some other mechanism.Lilienthal, Riley, Proemmel, and Franke (7) suggested that one might distinguish between a diffusion defect and veno-arterial admixture by measurement of the effective alveolar-arterial gradient at two levels of oxygenation, one of which produces significant desaturation of arterial blood.Low levels of in- spired 02 (12 to 14 per cent) exaggerate the ef- fects of impaired diffusion and minimize the ef- fects of veno-arterial admixture.Veno-arterial admixture, thus delineated, may be either through actual anatomical communications, or the result of reduction in the ventilation-perfusion ratios.
Noninvasive Diagnosis of the Type of Breast Tumor through Artificial Neural Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Different changes such as developing benign and malignant lesions in tissues lead to specific variations in their macroscopic and microscopic structure, which are associated with the alteration of their mechanical properties. In the present study, the mechanical parameters of different breast tissue lesions were noninvasively estimated with high precision based on the displacement data by using the powerful neural network method in order to detect the type of tumor in the breast tissue. The displacement data of various breast tissues, as well as the corresponding mechanical properties were acquired to develop and train the neural network models. For simulating breast tissue behavior and extracting the relevant displacement data to train the neural networks, the finite element modeling was applied using Abaqus software. Ogden and Yeoh hyperelastic models which are precise for expressing the hyperelastic behavior of soft tissues, specifically the breast, were used to create the finite element model for tumor-containing breast tissue. With the aim of obtaining a robust neural network model, the displacement data extracted from the finite element model and white noise summated to simulate laboratory conditions while deriving tissue data from finite element model. As indicated by the results, the trained neural network models represent high precision and efficiency in appraising the mechanical parameters of various breast tissues according to the displacement data, which promises its use for carefully diagnosing the type of breast lesion.
Superoperator structures and no-go theorems for dissipative quantum phase transitions

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In the thermodynamic limit, the steady states of open quantum many-body systems can undergo nonequilibrium phase transitions due to a competition between coherent and driven-dissipative dynamics. Here, we consider Markovian systems and elucidate structures of the Liouville superoperator that generates the time evolution. In many cases of interest, an operator-basis transformation can bring the Liouvillian into a block-triangular form, making it possible to assess its spectrum. The spectral gap sets the asymptotic decay rate. The superoperator structure can be used to bound gaps from below, showing that, in a large class of systems, dissipative phase transitions are actually impossible and that the convergence to steady states follows an exponential temporal decay. Furthermore, when the blocks on the diagonal are Hermitian, the Liouvillian spectra obey Weyl ordering relations. The results apply, for example, to Davies generators and quadratic systems and are also demonstrated for various spin models.
Approximation and prediction using a TSK-type neural fuzzy controller with an improved imperialist competitive algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This study proposes an improved imperialist competitive algorithm (IICA) for a TSK-type neural fuzzy controller (TNFC) in order to solve prediction problems and nonlinear control system problems. This study proposes the IICA in order to reduce the use of the control parameters. Therefore, the proposed IICA adopts a Gaussian distribution to improve the assimilation policy and the exploration ability of the global solution. Finally, the experimental results show that the proposed IICA better approximates the global optimal solution and that it has faster convergence compared with other methods.
Analysis of The Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) Program on Improving Student Quality: A Systematic Literature Review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

MBKM activities have been carried out by many universities in Indonesia. Through MBKM activities, it is hoped that the quality of students will increase following the experience gained from the programs. This study aims to examine MBKM policies on student quality. This research method was carried out through the Literature Review (SLR) Study with the steps of this SLR research activity using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) which refers to four steps, namely Identification, Screening, Eligibility, and Included.. The result of this research is that MBKM activities can influence the improvement of student quality such as skills and direct experience to students.
Post-irradiation enzyme activities of the rat small intestine: effects on circadian fluctuations.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The effects of ionizing radiations on circadian fluctuations in the activities of small bowel mucosal enzymes were studied. The fluctuations in activities of brush-border enzymes disappeared after irradiation coincidentally with changes in their activity. This change was particularly pronounced with leucinaminopeptidase. At longer periods after irradiation (50 and 74 hours) when the whole epithelium showed morphological changes, the activity of brush-border enzymes was very low. The activity of lysosomal enzymes (which do not show circadian fluctuations) increased when the epithelium showed marked morphological modifications and the stroma contained numerous inflammatory cells.
3D-printed optoelectronic tactile sensor for soft robotic applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

As we approach the Fourth Industrial Revolution, more companies are shifting from utilizing human resources to utilizing robots in performing tasks with faster, higher performances and low rates of error. This is especially true for highly repetitive tasks that require great concentration such as mass production. In recent years, soft robotic grippers have been a topic of interest for research due to their exceptional potential compared to conventional hard robots. Soft robotic grippers are made from soft materials which allow them to conform to the object of interest, gripping and manipulating them without causing any damage. This report proposes a soft gripper structure with extrinsic tactile sensing properties based on optical waveguide transmission methods. The 3D printed gripper consists of an opaque shutter supported by elastic bridges, which obstructs the light traveling in the waveguide with applied external force. The effect of thickness and rigidity of the waveguide bridge on the linearity, sensitivity, range, maximum force, recovery time, and repeatability are investigated in this work. Finally, a two-jaw gripper was used to test its practical usage as a gripper to grasp various objects, observing the changes in light intensity with the force applied. The test confirms that the designed structure can provide accurate feedback of the force to grip an apple and a grape, working as an effective optical tactile sensor.
Field research in HCI: A case study

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents an example of how different field research techniques were combined to understand the demands placed on the human operator in the complex dynamic environment of an emergency ambulance control centre. Careful selection of techniques can ensure that particular kinds of information are gathered; the order in which techniques are applied can also improve both the quality of data gathered and the efficiency of data collection. This is particularly important when studying complex information systems where the risk of being overwhelmed by data is high. Qualitative and quantitative techniques can profitably be applied together and triangulated to give added confidence to findings. © 2003 ACM.
Overproduction of the Flv3B flavodiiron, enhances the photobiological hydrogen production by the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Nostoc PCC 7120

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract

Background: The ability of some photosynthetic microorganisms, particularly cyanobacteria and microalgae, to produce hydrogen (H2) is a promising alternative for renewable, clean-energy production. However, the most recent, related studies point out that much improvement is needed for sustainable cyanobacterial-based H2 production to become economically viable. In this study, we investigated the impact of induced O2-consumption on H2 photoproduction yields in the heterocyte-forming, N2-fixing cyanobacterium Nostoc PCC7120. Results: The flv3B gene, encoding a flavodiiron protein naturally expressed in Nostoc heterocytes, was overexpressed. Under aerobic and phototrophic growth conditions, the recombinant strain displayed a significantly higher H2 production than the wild type. Nitrogenase activity assays indicated that flv3B overexpression did not enhance the nitrogen fixation rates. Interestingly, the transcription of the hox genes, encoding the NiFe Hox hydrogenase, was significantly elevated, as shown by the quantitative RT-PCR analyses. Conclusion: We conclude that the overproduced Flv3B protein might have enhanced O2-consumption, thus creating conditions inducing hox genes and facilitating H2 production. The present study clearly demonstrates the potential to use metabolic engineered cyanobacteria for photosynthesis driven H2 production.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon–DNA Adducts in Prostate and Biochemical Recurrence after Prostatectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose: DNA adduct levels may be influenced by metabolic activity, DNA repair capabilities, and genomic integrity, all of which play a role in cancer progression. Experimental Design: To determine if elevated DNA adducts are a marker for prostate cancer progression, we measured polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon–DNA adducts by immunohistochemistry in prostate cells of 368 surgical prostate cancer patients treated at the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan, between September 1999 and July 2004. Patients were followed up to 5 years after surgery with relative risk for biochemical recurrence (BCR) estimated with a Cox proportional hazards model that adjusted for standard clinical risk factors. Results: At 1 year of follow-up, patients with adduct levels above the median in tumor cells [hazard ratio (HR), 2.40; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.10-5.27] and nontumor cells (HR, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.40-7.39) had significant increased risk of BCR, but these HRs decreased to 1.12 (95% CI, 0.68-1.83) and 1.46 (95% CI, 0.89-2.41) in tumor and nontumor cells at 5 years postsurgery. When we restricted our analysis to patients with advanced-stage (III+) disease, those with high adduct levels in either tumor (53.5% versus 30.2%; P = 0.07) or nontumor (55.2% versus 28.6%; P = 0.02) cells had BCR rates almost 2-fold higher. In race-stratified analyses, the greatest risk of BCR associated with high adduct levels (in nontumor cells) was for African American patients younger than 60 years old (HR, 3.79; 95% CI, 1.01-14.30). Conclusions: High polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon–DNA adduct levels in nontumor prostate cells are most strongly associated with BCR between 1 and 2 years after surgery and in patient subsets defined by younger age, advanced tumor stage, and African American race.
The Contribution of Field Education towards Professional Capability

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Using qualitative data from recent research conducted in Aotearoa New Zealand (ANZ) this chapter reports on the centrality of field education for developing social work professional capability and readiness to practice among students and newly qualified social workers (NQSW). Internationally, the social work education sector is mindful of ensuring graduates are well equipped to enter the employment sector with pathways for professional accountability and qualification progression. Professional capability frameworks (PCF) have been developed in a range of jurisdictions to enunciate expectations for students, NQSWs and advanced practitioners. Findings from this research attest to the crucial role of field education in the development of professional capabilities yet illustrate there is significant variability in the quality of placement offerings, learning opportunities accessed and the types of support and supervision experienced by students. Not all graduates felt prepared for the transition from student to worker. The quality of the placement learning experienced during training had significant bearing on student and NQSW sense of confidence and readiness to practice and could in some instances impact on life long career choices.
Inter-domain and DoS-resistant call establishment protocol (IDDR-CEP)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

VoIP security is a tricky issue in inter-domain open context where interconnection proxies are reachable from anywhere on the public Internet and may be the subject of DoS and SPIT attacks. This paper proposes a secure call establishment protocol designed for this context with a particular focus on DoS protection. The mechanism performs session key agreement in the signalling plane and can be integrated to SIP call establishment. It is based on symmetric cryptography algorithms and implicit transaction identifiers to protect against DoS attacks. We provide heuristic analysis of various security properties among which privacy and resistance to off-line passive attacks. The IDDR-CEP protocol is presented in a three party architecture but can be adapted to a two party architecture; it may also be adapted to non-VoIP applications.
Tradeoffs between income, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning during tropical rainforest conversion and agroforestry intensification

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Losses of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning due to rainforest destruction and agricultural intensification are prime concerns for science and society alike. Potentially, ecosystems show nonlinear responses to land-use intensification that would open management options with limited ecological losses but satisfying economic gains. However, multidisciplinary studies to quantify ecological losses and socioeconomic tradeoffs under different management options are rare. Here, we evaluate opposing land use strategies in cacao agroforestry in Sulawesi, Indonesia, by using data on species richness of nine plant and animal taxa, six related ecosystem functions, and on socioeconomic drivers of agroforestry expansion. Expansion of cacao cultivation by 230% in the last two decades was triggered not only by economic market mechanisms, but also by rarely considered cultural factors. Transformation from near-primary forest to agroforestry had little effect on overall species richness, but reduced plant biomass and carbon storage by ≈75% and species richness of forest-using species by ≈60%. In contrast, increased land use intensity in cacao agroforestry, coupled with a reduction in shade tree cover from 80% to 40%, caused only minor quantitative changes in biodiversity and maintained high levels of ecosystem functioning while doubling farmers' net income. However, unshaded systems further increased income by ≈40%, implying that current economic incentives and cultural preferences for new intensification practices put shaded systems at risk. We conclude that low-shade agroforestry provides the best available compromise between economic forces and ecological needs. Certification schemes for shade-grown crops may provide a market-based mechanism to slow down current intensification trends.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HAND HYGIENE IN PREVENTING ZOONOTIC DISEASES AMONG ZOO WORKERS: A CRITICAL EVALUATION AND STRATEGIC RECOMMENDATIONS

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Simple yet powerful tool" perfectly describes hand hygiene that involves washing hands with soap and water or using hand sanitizer. Despite its simplicity, it is incredibly effective in preventing the spread of infections and promoting public health. This action significantly reduces pathogen transmission, making it essential in healthcare settings and daily life. This study evaluates the role of hand hygiene in preventing zoonotic diseases among zoo workers, who are in close contact with animals. The objectives are to assess the importance of hand hygiene in reducing disease transmission, evaluate current practices, and propose recommendations for improvement. Effective hand hygiene requires a systematic approach, including education on its significance, training in correct techniques, ensuring access to soap and sanitizers, promoting awareness through campaigns, and continuously refining strategies. For zoo workers, regular hand washing and using personal protective equipment are vital. This proactive approach can limit the impact of outbreaks, aiding global health security. This study underscores the importance of strict hand hygiene protocols to protect zoo workers, animals, and visitors, ensuring a safer environment for all. KEYWORDS: Hand hygiene, pathogens.
Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Metallohosts To Give Discrete Nanostructures

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The synthesis and aggregation behavior of a new class of rigid metallohosts is described. The molecules consist of a ruthenium-bipyridine complex functionalized with a glycoluril-based receptor cavity. By specific molecular recognition processes in water, the metallohosts self-assemble to form large arrays of molecules. Depending on the size of the cavity side walls of the host, these arrays can grow in a hierarchical process into discrete rectangular and cigar-like aggregates of nanometer size, which can be visualized by electron microscopy.
Implementation of STEP Application Protocol 224 in an automated manufacturing planning system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper reports the results of an on-going research project at Cranfield University in collaboration with a leading consultant company. A major objective of the research to develop a new generation process planning system using the latest tools and technologies, and to fully comply with the international standard for the exchange of product model data (STEP) Application Protocol 224 (AP224) for process planning using machining features. Although AP224 has been accepted as an international standard, there is a surprising lack of compatible software packages in the market. The developed prototype STEP-enabled manufacturing planning system (SMPS) can generate process plans and associated documents from AP224 files automatically, without any user interaction. The system consists of decision logic stored in an external database that makes it generic and compatible with any manufacturing application. A graphical tool is provided for knowledge/logic capture. The system can also accept a feature tree generated using the feature model editor (FME), which has been developed as an add-on to the system. The FME is intended to be a tool for conceptual design of simple components. The FME feature tree is used in the early design stage while the AP224 file generated from the detailed design model is used in the later stages. The prototype system is intended for single-piece machined (prismatic) parts and has been tested with case studies provided by the project collaborators.