jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Double Minute Chromosome in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction: Double minutes (dmin) are small chromatin particles that lack a centromere and represent a form of extrachromosomal gene amplification. They have been found in a variety of solid tumors but are rare in hematological malignancies. C-MYC and MLL are the most common genes amplified on the dmin in AML. Here we report a case of AML in which FISH did not demonstrate C-MYC or MLL gene amplification on the dmin. Case Report: A seventy-seven-year-old man was diagnosed with acute leukemia. Histology and flow cytometry (blasts positive for CD13, CD33, CD34, HLA-DR, CD15, CD117 and cytoplasmic MPO) were consistent with M2 AML. Chromosome analysis revealed abnormal karyotype with hypodiploidy 42–44 and loss of chromosome 5, 7,13,17,18, and Y. Structural rearrangements involving chromosomes 2,7,11,19 and 20 in addition to 2 marker chromosomes and dmin. FISH did not reveal C-MYC gene amplification. FISH did reveal MLL gene amplification, but not on the dmin. The patient received induction chemotherapy, and expired on day 14 due to cardiac complications. Discussion: Double minutes are a mechanism for upregulated oncogene expression. After the development of molecular technology, FISH, it became possible to identify the amplified gene. A previous review (Thomas et al. Double minute chromosomes in monoblastic (M5) and myeloblastic (M2) acute myeloid leukemia: two case reports and a review of literature. Am J Hematol 2004 Sep;77(1):55–61), found C-MYC to be amplified on the dmin in 25 cases, MLL was found to be amplified on the dmin in 5 cases, and only 3 cases in which neither gene was found to be amplified on the dmin. Double minutes are associated with advanced age at presentation, a more aggressive clinical course, poor outcome with therapy, and shortened survival. The survival in most cases is reported to be less than 12 months.
Gram stain and Giemsa stain as a rapid diagnostic tool for diagnosis of vaginal infections” in Western Nepal

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract: Introduction: Infective vaginitis accounts for about 90% of all the cases of vaginal discharge in the women of reproductive age group. This includes triad of bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis and trichomoniasis. Method: The study was carried out in Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Palpa, Nepal for a time period of 4 months. Total 125 high vaginal swabs from posterior fornix of vagina were collected from November 2014 to February 2015 in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, in the patients complaining of vaginal discharge. PH of the vaginal discharge was also determined by using litmus paper. Gram’s and Giemsa stain of vaginal swab smear were done to diagnose Bacterial vaginosis, Candidiasis and Trichomoniasis. Age, parity and pregnancy status of the patients were noted. Result: Out of 125 patient, bacterial vaginosis was found in 16% and candidiasis in 37%.Candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis were observed in child bearing sexually active women. Surprisingly bacterial vaginosis was not observed in pregnant women. Trichomoniasis infection was present in one case (0.8%) while severe invasive Candidiasis was observed in one woman. Conclusion: A definitive diagnosis can easily be made by Gram’s and Giemsa stain and microscopic examination of high vaginal swab. This may help in specific treatment and prevent associated morbidity and recurrence. Key words: Bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, high vaginal swab, Gram’s stain, Giemsa stain.
Nanomedicine Clinical Use, Regulatory and Toxicology Issues in Europe

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Nano medicine is a revolutionizing field that can benefit both diagnosis and treatment and contribute to a better quality of life. Despite the expected huge benefits, the potential risks on human health are significant as well. This thesis aims to defense a perspective that in case of nascent technologies, where the data are still emerging and scientific uncertainty prevails, risk governance should sustain the process of scientific knowledge by developing guidelines, codes of conduct and public information and provide a minimum level of safety acceptable to protect human health. Although Nano medicine is at an early stage of development some cautious measures should be taken that will provide regulatory mechanisms able to respond to the challenges posed by Nano medicine, establish a minimum level of safety but will also allow the further promotion of scientific knowledge. This multidisciplinary approach can contribute in adopting regulatory choices and tools that will help manage the risks, protect human health and promote scientific knowledge. As the technologies are designed based on a clear understanding of a particular disease, disease specific oriented focus is required for the development of novel pharmaceuticals. In addition, it will be important to establish a case-by-case approach to clinical and regulatory evaluation of each Nano pharmaceutical. High priority should be given to enhancing communication and exchange of information among academia, industry and regulatory agencies encompassing all facets of this multidisciplinary approach. Keywords: novel pharmaceuticals, Nano pharmaceuticals, toxicological issues, clinical use, Nano medicines
Dressed to Gamble: How Poker Drives the Dynamics of Wearables and Visits on Decentraland’s Social Virtual World

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Decentraland is a blockchain-based social virtual world where users can publish and sell wearables to customize avatars. In it, the thirdparty Decentral Games (DG) allows players of its flagship game ICE Poker to earn cryptocurrency only if they possess certain wearables. Herein, we present a comprehensive study on how DG and its game influence the dynamics of wearables and inworld visits in Decentraland. To this end, we analyzed 5.9 million wearable transfers made on the Polygon blockchain (and related sales) over a twoyear period, and 677 million log events of in-world user positions in an overlapping 10-month period. We found that these activities are disproportionately related to DG, with its ICE Poker casinos (less than 0.1% of the world map) representing a remarkable average share of daily unique visitors (33%) and time spent in the virtual world (20%). Despite several alternative initiatives within Decentraland, ICE Poker appears to drive user activity on the platform. Our work thus contributes to the understanding of how play-to-earn games influence user behavior in social virtual worlds, and it is among the first to study the emerging phenomenon of virtual blockchain-based gambling.
A CLT for the total energy of the two-dimensional critical Ising model

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Consider the Ising model on $([1,2N]\times[1,2M])\cap\mathbb{Z}^2$ at critical temperature with periodic boundary condition in the horizontal direction and free boundary condition in the vertical direction. Let $E_{M,N}$ be its total energy (or Hamiltonian). Suppose $M$ is a function of $N$ satisfying $M\geq N/(\ln N)^α$ for some $α\in[0,1)$. In particular, one may take $M=N$. We prove that \begin{equation*} \frac{E_{M,N}+4\sqrt{2}M N-(4/π)N\ln N}{\sqrt{(32/π)MN\ln N}} \end{equation*} converges weakly to a standard Gaussian distribution as $N\rightarrow\infty$.
Improving Effectiveness of Monetary Weapon Systems in Afghanistan

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract : Tenuous political and economic times call for increased oversight and improved results from military counterinsurgency programs in Afghanistan, programs that provide agile non-kinetic weapons, critical for commanders fighting in today's asymmetric battle space. This paper proposes a decision tool for construction projects executed under the Commanders Emergency Response Program, designed to meet the changing demands of fighting an amorphous insurgency among dynamic systems of stakeholders. The research first conducted a system analysis of the CERP project execution process identifying key findings addressing value adding inputs. The research then applies a Causal Chain, borrowed from the Emergency Management field to identify contributions of early system inputs and expand the aperture on project outcomes to include their long-term impacts. The research suggests that the Commanders Emergency Response Program can improve outcomes by considering a broader perspective of the system using the Causal Chain, delaying project outcome determination, expanding the pool and increasing the meaningful involvement of stakeholders, driving outcome focused decision making. The research hopes to contribute to improving the outcomes of the Commanders Emergency Response Program and provide a useful framework to describe the system during future policy decisions for the program.
HV2286 Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: The University of Washington Experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUROLOGICAL SURVEY: Video Reviews: INNOVATIONS IN MINIMALLY INVASIVE APPROACHES TO THE GENITOURINARY TRACT1 Oct 2003HV2286 Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: The University of Washington Experience Thomas W. JarrettM.D. Thomas W. JarrettThomas W. Jarrett More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)63209-0AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "HV2286 Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: The University of Washington Experience." The Journal of Urology, 170(4 Part 1), p. 1480 © 2003FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 170Issue 4 Part 1October 2003Page: 1480 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2003MetricsAuthor Information Thomas W. Jarrett More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Methods in heritage language research: Reflections from the 14th Workshop on Immigrant Languages in the Americas (WILA)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This introductory paper by the WILA 14 conference organizers introduces the WILA 14 conference theme, “Methods”, and serves as an overview of methods currently used in heritage language research, a discussion of methodological consideration necessary for conducting research, and includes suggestions and food for thought for both novice and experienced heritage language researchers. Discussions regarding methods and methodological choices from WILA 14 have been incorporated into this paper, and examples are drawn from the papers contained in this volume.
Formation and structural features of a sterigmatocystin-formamidopyrimidine adduct at the DNA duplex level

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation and structural features of a sterigmatocystin-formamidopyrimidine adduct at the DNA duplex levelS. Gopalakrishnan and Dinshaw J. PatelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 20, 9321–9322Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00073a071https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00073a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views56Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Rare case of severe serotonin syndrome leading to bilateral compartment syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The term ‘serotonin syndrome’ describes a constellation of symptoms caused by serotonergic overstimulation. Its characteristic clinical presentation consists of encephalopathy, neuromuscular signs and autonomic hyperactivity. After removal of the offending agent, the clinical course is usually self-limited but can occasionally lead to severe symptoms. We report the case of a 68-year-old woman who presented emergently with encephalopathy. Home medications included paroxetine and dextroamphetamine/amphetamine. Physical examination revealed tachycardia, tachypnoea, diaphoresis, rigidity, hyperreflexia and clonus. Given the fast onset of symptoms, a diagnosis of serotonin syndrome was made. Laboratory studies showed acute-on-chronic kidney injury and elevated creatine kinase. The patient's mental status quickly returned to baseline with supportive care. Her rhabdomyolysis, however, persisted and led to acute compartment syndrome in her lower extremities. After bilateral leg fasciotomies and treatment of a severe wound infection with intravenous antibiotics, the patient has now recovered with complete resolution of her symptoms.
Factors Influencing Consumers Intention for Online Grocery Shopping – A Proposed Framework

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Nowadays, Internet is one of the most popular platforms for people to do online shopping including grocery items. Many studies have been conducted to investigate the determinants of customer intentions for online grocery shopping. Till now, there is no consensus on what are the factors that actually influencing people to shop grocery items through Internet. This paper aims to explore the factors such as social influences, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivations, perceived risk and perceived trust that influence the consumer intention to purchase grocery online. Questionnaires will be the main instrument of the study and they will be distributed to target respondents using Internet survey. Respondents of the study will be selected using convenience sampling. After data collection, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) will be employed for data analysis. Overall, the result of the study is important to retailers to identify the important factors in increasing their customers' intention to purchase grocery online.
NEW! NOW AVAILABLE IN LAB QUANTITIES

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAdvertisementNEXTNEW! NOW AVAILABLE IN LAB QUANTITIESCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1961, 39, 42, 14Publication Date (Print):October 16, 1961Publication History Published online6 November 2010Published inissue 16 October 1961https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v039n042.p014Copyright © 1961 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (197 KB) Get e-Alerts
Air conditioned tobacco

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Weather fleck, which damages tobacco leaves and downgrades the quality, is caused by too much ozone in the air. Experiments were conducted in search of how best to apply anti-ozonants to tobacco plants. Tomato plants were covered in an ozone gassing chamber with a cloth treated with the anti-ozonant, cobaltous 8-quinolinolate. They were found to be almost completely protected by the cloth. It remains to be seen if the cloth will protect tobacco in the field against weather fleck.
Thoughts on Evaluation System for Teachers in Distance Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Teacher evaluation plays a guiding role in teachers' work.A good evaluation system for teachers can inspire their motivation,arouse their initiatives,and guide them to take up teaching scientifically and effectively;in addition,it can also promote their professional development.Modern distance education as a new mode of education has its own characteristics which are different from traditional education;therefore,evaluation system for teachers should be established by combing the characteristics of teachers and distance education,so as to function positively.
Postharvest treatment for extending the shelf life of fruits and vegetables

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A technical overview relates basic advances in knowledge of postharvest physiology to applied procedures for extending the shelf-life of fruits and vegetables, with particular emphasis on the quality of the raw materials used for processing. The need for a systems approach to postharvest handling and an enhanced integration of postharvest physiology with shelf-life evaluation studies also is discussed. Environmental factors that need to be optimized for extending shelf-life are described; viz., storage temperature, humidity, and light, and the use of controlled or modified atmospheres in the storage area. Models used for evaluating shelf-life are summarized.(wz)
k-automorphism

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The growing popularity of social networks has generated interesting data management and data mining problems. An important concern in the release of these data for study is their privacy, since social networks usually contain personal information. Simply removing all identifiable personal information (such as names and social security number) before releasing the data is insufficient. It is easy for an attacker to identify the target by performing different structural queries. In this paper we propose k-automorphism to protect against multiple structural attacks and develop an algorithm (called KM) that ensures k-automorphism. We also discuss an extension of KM to handle "dynamic" releases of the data. Extensive experiments show that the algorithm performs well in terms of protection it provides.
Effects of Soil Moisture on Germination and Emergence of Seeds of Upland Weeds

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

主要な畑雑草種子の発芽および出芽と水分条件との関係について, 普通作物, 牧草種子と比較, 検討した。1) 土壌水分条件を変えて出芽との関係を検討した結果, 各供試植物とも含水比54.6% (pF 1.5) の条件で最も出芽率が高く, 含水比の低下とともに出芽率も低下し, また平均出芽日数が増加した。土壌水分の低下による出芽率の減少は普通作物より雑草と牧草で著しく, 出芽のための限界的な土壌水分条件は, 含水比で作物では20%前後, 雑草と牧草は25～30%と推定された。なお, 本試験の範囲では, 雑草間の異差についてははっきりしなかった。2) 土壌水分の違いによる出芽率の差異は種子の吸水力が関与しており, グルコースモル濃度により浸透圧を変えて試験した結果, 種子の吸水力は作物で大きく, 雑草と牧草は小さかった。また, 浸透圧の高い条件では草丈・主茎長や根の伸長などの生育も抑制された。3) 圃場において, 地表面 (0～1cm層) の土壌水分は, 灌水後数日で含水比25～30%以下に低下し, 雑草種子の出芽限界以下になるが, それより下層 (1～2cm層) では比較的安定しており, 種子位置のわずかの違いが出芽にとって重要な要因であることが明らかとなった。
Gender dynamics of community-led total sanitation interventions in Mpwapwa District, Tanzania

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACTGender equity is an important element of health promotion and is vital to ensuring that the benefits and burdens of participation in health promotion activities are fairly distributed. Yet, the gendered consequences of participatory interventions are often overlooked. This is particularly relevant for water and sanitation initiatives, given that women are generally responsible for maintaining domestic hygiene and procuring water. This study uses a qualitative approach to assess the gender dynamics of participation in community-led total sanitation (CLTS) activities in Mpwapwa District, Tanzania. We used semi-structured interviews and focus-group discussions to investigate men's and women's involvement in health promotion initiatives and their key motivators for and challenges to participation. We interviewed 77 community members from four villages and analysed the responses using qualitative content analysis. The study supports the notion that participation reinforces gender inequity and reproduces gendered norms due to activity-specific participation, women's passive participation within activities, and their limited opportunities for decision-making. However, there were also indications that participation provided a platform to increase the status of women, prioritise women's needs and demand a stronger position in decision making within the household and the community. CLTS organisers should, therefore, harness the opportunity to address gender inequalities within the community.
Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery for Bowel Obstruction Caused by Cholesterol Crystal Embolization after Lifesaving Procedure for Superior Mesenteric Artery Thrombosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

症例は86歳の男性で，上腸間膜動脈（superior mesenteric artery；以下，SMAと略記）血栓症に対する血栓溶解療法・抗凝固療法を誘引として発症したコレステロール塞栓症（cholesterol crystal embolization；以下，CCEと略記）による腸閉塞に対し，単孔式腹腔鏡下手術（single incision laparoscopic surgery；以下，SILSと略記）を施行した．CCEによる腸閉塞はまれであり，これに対し単孔式を含めた腹腔鏡下手術を施行した報告はない．本症例に対しSILSを安全に施行するうえで，術前の閉塞部位の同定とイレウス管による腸管の減圧などが有効であった．今後，インターベンション治療や抗凝固療法の増加に伴いCCEの罹患数は増加するものと考えられ，一般消化器外科医もこの疾患の存在を認識することが重要である．また，本症例のようにCCEはSMA血栓症などの致死的な疾患を背景として発症する可能性のある疾患であり，外科的治療を考える際には低侵襲な単孔式を含めた腹腔鏡下手術も治療選択肢としてあげられると考えられた．
Building a collaboratory in an engineering R&D organization

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper presents the results achieved throughout the process of preparing the ground to develop a collaboratory in an Engineering R&D organization. This case study is part of a broader research project engaged in building a collaboratory in order to share knowledge and resources among the Portuguese State laboratories. In the process of preparing the ground to develop the collaboratory in the first of the laboratories studied, an information audit was conducted and an online survey was launched. The survey targeted 241 people, including mainly professional researchers, but also research trainees and some technical staff integrating the research teams. The questionnaire was designed so as to collect data on the organization’s information management and information culture, and on the information flows taking place, and their relationship with the objectives of the organization. The questionnaire comprised two distinct and independent parts. The first (on the organization’s information culture and information management) obtained seventy nine responses, while the second (information flows) achieved ninety two, corresponding to 32,8% and 38,2% of the total population, respectively. The work carried out provided the basic requirements for the task of developing a software infrastructure to support the collaboratory, addressing the various aspects of collaborative tools, information archiving, hierarchical tag classification, search, transparent integration of the user local environment with the platform and remote control of scientific instruments.