jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mantrāṅkam: Excerpts from the Puṟappāṭә (Malayalam and Sanskrit, with English subtitles)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Creating English captions for a dance performance seems like a mere technical detail – but can get complicated when the translated language is a highly formalised gesture language, when the video accompanies an academic project by renowned scholars and translation needs to be scientifically robust, and when the syntax of the dance movement itself has little in common with English syntax. Is it possible to preserve the delight and suspense in the original narration while respecting those limitations? You be the judge – after watching minute 27:00 and on. This video presents the sequence of performative events that constitute the first part of the puṟappāṭә (the coming on stage) of the Kūṭiyāṭṭam play called Mantrâṅkam. The actor is Kalamandalam Raman Cakyar, accompanied by Kalamandalam Ravikumar and Ramachandran Nambiar on the Miȥāvә and by Kalanilayam Rajan on the Iṭakka (hand drum). On the Tāḷam (cymbals) are Kalamandalam Krishnendu and Kalamandalam Prasanthi. The perfromance was recorded in full in Kiḷimaṅgaḷam August 2013 by Aviv Nave under the auspices of the German-Israeli Foundation (http://bit.ly/kutiyattam_sanskrit_theater). The video was created as part of a paper, “The Syntax of Performance: The Mantrâṅkam as a Case Study“, published in Nartanam: A Quarterly Journal for Indian Dance, 2016) by Ophira Gamliel (rub.academia.edu/OphiraGamliel). ♦ Video editing: Edo the Reliable.
Robust Implementation of ICN-based Mobile IoT for Next-Generation Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a Mobile IoT optimization method for Next-Generation networks by evaluating a series of named-based techniques implemented in Information-Centric Networking (ICN). The idea is based on the possibility to have a more suitable naming and forwarding mechanism to be implemented in IoT. The main advantage of the method is in achieving a higher success packet rate and data rate by following the proposed technique even when the device is mobile / roaming around. The proposed technique is utilizing a root prefix naming which allows faster process and dynamic increase for content waiting time in Pending Interest Table (PIT). To test the idea, a simulation is carried out by mimicking how IoT can be implemented, especially in smart cities, where a user can also travel and not be static. Results show that the proposed technique can achieve up to a 13% interest success rate and an 18.7% data rate increase compared to the well-known implementation algorithms. The findings allow for possible further cooperation of data security factors and ensuring energy reduction through leveraging more processes at the edge node.
Hydraulic drive test platform of automatic underwater welding

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Because welding repair of nuclear power plant at the underwater environment, in order to simplify the sealing and increase the safety of test equipment, hydraulic drive automatic welding platform was designed that provides the relative motion required during underwater welding; Through PLC control electro-hydraulic servo valve to control welding slider's movement. Oscillating center sensor realized the track of oscillating center. Movement of welding was controlled through the manual control box. The whole system stable and reliable and can meet the needs of underwater welding.
Long-term endoscopic management for primary recurrent pyogenic cholangitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Primary recurrent pyogenic cholangitis (RPC) is characterized by relentless suppurative cholangitis in those with a suspected parasitic injury of the biliary tree. Prior work has demonstrated that the infections recur following “definitive” biliary surgery and long-term percutaneous biliary catheters are poorly tolerated. The aim of this study was to assess whether scheduled surveillance endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) prevents cholangitis in those with RPC. Materials and Methods: Following initial biliary decompression and stone clearance, patients with RPC were offered serial ERCP every 3-6 months to remove accumulating stony debris and to dilate incipient strictures. Review of a large series managed using this approach at the University of California, San Francisco Medical Center was performed. The principle outcome was the development of acute cholangitis requiring hospitalization and whether the episode occurred, while the RPC patient was in compliance with endoscopic surveillance recommendations. Results: Over a period of 10 years, 66 patients with primary RPC were managed for RPC at the University of California, San Francisco. The patients were comprised primarily of first-generation immigrants from Asia though one-quarter had migrated from Latin America and Russia. Episodes of cholangitis were significantly less likely to occur in those undergoing surveillance biliary endoscopy than in those who were not (odds ratio 5.3; P = 0.005). The mean follow-up was 36.1 months. Conclusions: Serial endoscopic treatment of RPC may be used to systematically clear biliary debris and decreases the risk of cholangitis requiring hospitalization. It represents a reasonable initial management strategy for these patients. Surgery and percutaneous management may also be required, but are best performed as part of a multidisciplinary approach.
The Innovative Talents Training Mode of the Generic Architecture Discipline--Take the An Introduction to Soundscape Design As Example

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this paper, a generic design of acoustic landscape architecture discipline, for example, through the analysis of the focus of architectural subject innovation talents training and the teaching difficulty of the architectural discipline, we put forward three case studies the cultivation of the practical teaching mode to make the Soundscape design teaching to expand from the class to the practical, to expand from theory to application, to improve overall architecture students design level effectively, cultivating the innovative talents to adapt to the needs of social development in the future.
Recurrent ventricular arrhythmias complicating myocardial infarction in the presence of phaeochromocytoma.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

After an acute myocardial infarction a 49 year old man developed late recurrent severe ventricular arrhythmias coincident with transient hypertensive episodes. A phaeochromocytoma was diagnosed on the basis of the urinary concentration of catecholamines and computerised tomography of the adrenal glands. After stabilisation of his cardiac rhythm and blood pressure with alpha and beta adrenergic blockade and anti-arrhythmic treatment the right adrenal gland, which contained the tumour, was successfully resected. The diagnosis of a phaeochromocytoma should be considered when recurrent ventricular arrhythmias are associated with intermittent hypertension after myocardial infarction.
Opponent Analysis in Football

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter deals with the analysis of opposing teams' playing styles in soccer by means of qualitative game observations. Different aspects are discussed and related to the relevance for practice. The theoretical background is illuminated by listing various case studies of match analysis such as the choice of the playing style for a specific match. Then the methods with a focus on tactics and quality criteria are described. In the paragraph on practical implementation, different areas of application are presented. These include media research, team analysis, single player analysis, analyses of set pieces, and the analysis of tactical formations. In this chapter, lessons learned in the field are shared and advice for a purposeful implementation in practice is given. Finally, the overall aim of the coaching process, an adjustment of player behavior, is also discussed, along with the risks of relying on match analysis, such as too much focus on the opponent.
INTERACTION OF OSCILLATIONS IN SLOTTED RESONATORS AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO MICROWAVE IMAGING

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Interaction of oscillations is studied for a family of cylindrical slotted resonators whose cross section is formed by two rectangular domains. The electromagnetic field distributions are calculated by reducing the initial boundary value problem for the Helmholtz equation to the Fredholm integral equation of the first kind with a logarithmic singularity and then to infinite systems with respect to the unknown Fourier coefficients of the solution. The dispersion equation involving the infinite determinant is evaluated explicitly using perturbations and the small-parameter method. Under certain conditions the field distributions become unstable with respect to parameters of the structure (geometric, permittivity, etc.) and the intertype interaction of oscillations takes place. It is shown that such an unstable behavior occurs when a geometric parameter is varied in the vicinity of the so-called degeneration points. The information of such points may serve as data for the object retrieval and diagnostic purposes in microwave imaging.
Age-related variations in corneal geometry and their association with astigmatism

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract To investigate how aging affects corneal geometry in Japanese adults, and the association between corneal geometry and astigmatism. We included 421 participants who had undergone systemic and ophthalmological examinations in 2015 in Funagata town, Yamagata, Japan. Corneal topographic data were obtained using anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (CASIA SS-1000). Astigmatism was evaluated using power vector analyses where J 0 represents the power of the orthogonal astigmatism. Positive values of J 0 indicate with-the-rule astigmatism, while negative values indicate against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism. Regarding age-related variations in corneal geometry, the anterior elevations at axis 0° and 180° decreased, and those at axis 90° and 270° increased with increasing age in linear regression analyses, demonstrating horizontal steepening and vertical flattening of the corneal surface. There were no significant age-related variations in posterior elevations and pachymetry findings, including central corneal thickness. Regarding age-related variations in orthogonal astigmatism, the mean values of J 0 and corneal J 0 (cJ 0 ) decreased by –0.014 and –0.015 per year of increase in age, indicating astigmatic shift toward ATR. Regarding the correlation between corneal geometry and astigmatism, the shift toward ATR was positively correlated with horizontal steepening and vertical flattening, in accordance with the age-related corneal variations. In addition, the posterior surface of the cornea also has an association with this shift to some extent. The results of our population-based study demonstrated that the age-related variation in astigmatism is associated with geometrical changes in the cornea, especially those in the anterior surface of the cornea.
Spatial patterns of child health inequalities in the province of Punjab, Pakistan : the advantages of GIS in data analysis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract. In the overall context of the Millennium Development Goals, Pakistan recently embarked on an effort to collect data regarding crucial issues of human development, such as health, poverty, and education. For their effective use in policy formulation, however, governments need to find ways of making the data easily accessible. It is argued that Geographical Information Systems (GIS) can play a major role here. The data compiled by the Federal Bureau of Statistics at district level are used in this article to develop maps on child health in the province of Punjab. Correlation allows identification of major determinants of the health status of children. For Punjab, these appeared to be mother literacy, vaccination coverage, and the incidence of poverty. Interpolation (here using Inverse Distant Weighting) and variable aggregation allow for easy identification of areas of concern at sub-district level. For Punjab, the areas most affected by negative health conditions are in the southwest. It is argued that health disparities can be addressed more effectively with the help of the presented methods because they help to close the information gap in the health system and contribute toward more precise allocation of funds and infrastructure.
A Novel Contact Resistance Model for the Spherical–Planar Joint Interface Based on Three Dimensional Fractal Theory

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In order to obtain the contact resistance of relay contacts more accurately, a novel contact resistance model for the spherical–planar joint interface is constructed based on the three-dimensional fractal theory. In this model, three-dimensional fractal theory is adopted to generate a rough surface at microscopic scale. Then, using contact mechanics theory, the deformation mechanism of asperities on rough surfaces is explored. Combined with the distribution of asperities, a contact resistance model for the planar joint interface is established. Furthermore, by introducing the surface contact coefficient, cross-scale coupling between the macro-geometric configuration and micro-surface topography is achieved, and a contact resistance model for the spherical–planar joint interface is constructed. After that, experiments are conducted to verify the accuracy of the proposed model, and the maximum relative error of the proposed model is 8.44%. Ultimately, combining numerical simulation analysis, the patterns of variation in contact resistance influenced by factors such as macroscopic configuration and microscopic topography are discussed, thereby revealing the influence mechanism of the contact resistance for the spherical–planar joint interface. The proposed model provides a solid theoretical foundation for the optimization of relay contact structures and improvements in manufacturing processes, which is of great significance for ensuring the safe and stable operation of power systems and electronic equipment.
1 Basic Dynamics of Point Particles and Collections

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This chapter begins with the assumption that Newton's three axioms refer fundamentally to the point particles of Newtonian physics, which are ‘incomparably harder than any porous Bodies compounded of them; even so very hard as never to wear or break in pieces; no ordinary Power being able to divide what God himself made one in the first Creation’. After deriving the laws of momentum, angular momentum, and work-energy for point particles, it will be shown here that, given certain plausible and universally accepted additional axioms, the same laws can essentially be proven to apply to macroscopic bodies, considered as collections of the elementary point particles. The chapter first considers the space and time in which motion takes place before discussing the laws of motion of point masses.
Facet‐Dependent Intrinsic Activity of Single Co 3 O 4 Nanoparticles for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Deciphering the influence of nanocatalyst morphology on their catalytic activity in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the limiting reaction in water splitting process, is essential to develop highly active precious metal‐free catalysts, yet poorly understood. The intrinsic OER activity of Co 3 O 4 nanocubes and spheroids is probed at the single particle level to unravel the correlation between exposed facets, (001) vs. (111), and activity. Single cubes with predominant (001) facets show higher activity than multi‐faceted spheroids. Density functional theory calculations of different terminations and reaction sites at (001) and (111) surfaces confirm the higher activity of the former, expressed in lower overpotentials. This is rationalized by a change in the active site from octahedral to tetrahedral Co and the potential‐determining step from *OH to *O for the cases with lowest overpotentials at the (001) and (111) surfaces, respectively. This approach enables the identification of highly active facets to guide shape‐selective syntheses of improved metal oxide nanocatalysts for water oxidation.
Emergent phenomena and partonic structure in hadrons

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Modern facilities are poised to tackle fundamental questions within the\nStandard Model, aiming to reveal the nature of confinement, its relationship to\ndynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB) - the origin of visible mass - and\nthe connection between these two, key emergent phenomena. There is strong\nevidence to suggest that they are intimately connected with the appearance of\nmomentum-dependent masses for gluons and quarks in QCD, which are large in the\ninfrared: $m_g \\sim 500\\,$MeV and $M_q\\sim 350\\,$MeV. DCSB, expressed in the\ndynamical generation of a dressed-quark mass, has an enormous variety of\nverifiable consequences, including an enigmatic result that the properties of\nthe (almost) massless pion are the cleanest expression of the mechanism which\nis responsible for almost all the visible mass in the Universe. This\ncontribution explains that these emergent phenomena are expressed with\nparticular force in the partonic structure of hadrons, e.g. in valence-quark\nparton distribution amplitudes and functions, and, consequently, in numerous\nhadronic observables, so that we are now in a position to exhibit the\nconsequences of confinement and DCSB in a wide range of hadron observables,\nopening the way to empirical verification of their expression in the Standard\nModel.\n
High Prevalence of Diabetes in Adana, a Southern Province of Turkey

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE—To determine the prevalence of diabetes and glucose intolerance and their relationship with risk factors in Adana, a southern province of Turkey, where risk factors are more prominent, probably because of social and economic reasons. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The study population included 1,637 randomly selected adults aged 20–79 years. Diagnosis of diabetes was based on plasma glucose values using the 1999 diagnostic criteria recommended by the World Health Organization. RESULTS—The crude prevalence of diabetes was 12.9% in men and 10.9% in women (P = 0.207). Total prevalence of diabetes was 11.6%. The screening process identified previously undiagnosed diabetes in 4.2% of individuals and impaired glucose homeostasis (consisting of impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose) in an additional 4.3% of subjects. The prevalence of hypertension was 26.4% among men and 36.6% among women (P &lt; 0.0001). Total prevalence of hypertension was 32.9%, and prevalence of obesity was 43.4%. Age, sex, BMI, waist circumference, hypertension, family history of diabetes, and triglycerides were independently associated with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS—The prevalence of diabetes in Adana is higher than expected in both urban and rural areas. Obesity and hypertension also seem to be common metabolic disorders in this area. Age, hypertension, obesity, high triglyceride level, and family history of diabetes are independently associated with diabetes. Therefore, primary prevention through lifestyle modifications may have a critical role in the control of diabetes.
Cell-mediated immune phenomena induced by lymphokines from splenic lymphocytes of mice with chronic staphylococcal infection

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Splenic lymphocytes from normal mice and from mice displaying delayed hypersensitivity to Staphylococcus aureus were cultured in the presence or absence of specific staphylococcal antigens. The cell-free supernatant fluids from these lymphocyte cultures were assessed for their ability to alter the functional capacities of normal macrophages. It was found that supernatants from staphylococcus-immune cells cultured in vitro with antigen possessed migration inhibitory factor activity and also were capable of stimulating the incorporation of [14C]glucosamine into macrophage membrane glycoproteins. In addition, the lymphokine-containing supernatants were capable of inducing activation of normal macrophages so that they inhibited the multiplication of intracellular Listeria monocytogenes. Although it was not possible to snow any significant enhancement of intracellular killing of S. aureus by the activated macrophages, evidence is presented that suggests that cell-mediated immune responses to S. aureus may significantly enhance pahgocytosis of staphylococci and, thereby, may provide for their rapid clearance from extracellular fluids.
The civilization criterion in the typology of legal systems

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article is dedicated to the study of the civilizational approach in the typology of contemporary legal systems, according to which there are many civilizations that develop according to their own legalities, and the originality of each family of national legal systems is largely determined by the particularities of the way the law is formed. The article deals with the approach of the most prominent representative of the civilization current – the French doctrinaire Rene David, who proposed the typology of national systems according to their belonging to a pool of legal civilization, as well as the classification of the Arminjon-Nolde-Wolff scholars, who based the taxonomy on a combination of legal history, sources of law, technique, terms, concepts and culture.
THE RESPIRATORY METABOLISM AND ENERGY EXPENDITURE OF THE BROWN PLANTHOPPER NILAPARVATA LUGENS AND THE SPIDER THE RIDION OCTOMACULATNM

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The rates of respiration of the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens and the spider The-ridion octomaculatum were determined with Warburg respirometer at 30℃. The influence of various factors such as the developmental stage, sex and brachyptery in the planthopper and predation in the spider was studied. Based on the data obtained in the laboratory the energy expenditures of these two .species under different conditions were estimated.
Numerical Painting Application and Control for NC Painting Robot.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Ultimate goal of this study is making up CIM of painting process for large scale steel product. For the purpose of it, the study aims at obtaining numerical conditions of painting application and applying them to the control of robot. First, we made it clear that spray distance, painting velocity and orientation of spray gun are basic conditions of painting application for robot. Then we have developed the method of simulation of numerical relationship between application condition and film thickness through experimental equation. This method is essential for generating operation data for robot in the offline programming system. We have also developed the new control method for dynamic painting application. That is the active control of film thickness change at the start and end section of painting path, which means that painting robot have obtained the skill of painting belonging to painting worker.