jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The injury epidemiology of infants and toddlers in Qatar

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Objectives: The epidemiology of child injuries among infants and toddlers (IAT) in Qatar has not been fully described. This study will analyze the injury epidemiology of fatal and non-fatal injuries in IAT and provide recommendations for targeted injury prevention programs for IAT in Qatar. Method: Data from the Qatar statistics authority (QSA), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) Trauma Registry and the mortuary for the years 2009 and 2010 were collected and analyzed. All injuries and injury mortalities to children ages 0-4 were included. Results: For IAT, one in thirteen (7.7%) deaths is caused by injuries with slightly more males (55%) affected. The leading fatal mechanisms were motor vehicle crashes (MVC's) (45%), followed equally by drowning, falls, burns and poisoning. Every year, there are 170 IAT admissions to the Trauma Center of HMC for severe injuries. Males comprise 70% of admissions, with a median age of 2.67 years, 17% were <1 year old. Mean injury severity score (ISS) was 6.2, median ISS was 4. Mean LOS was 4.57 days, median was 2 days. The leading reasons for admission were falls (43%), burns (25%), pedestrian (12%) and passenger (10%) MVC's. The majority (66%) of the injuries occurred at home. The mortality rate of admissions was 2.1%, 71% were males. MVC's were the leading cause of death (57%), equally divided between pedestrians and passengers, and falls happening at home caused 43% of deaths. Conclusions: Two-thirds of severe injuries to IATs happen at home where they are supposed to be safest and under the constant supervision of a responsible adult. While the majority of them are non-fatal, the leading mechanisms, falls and burns, can often lead to lifelong disability. These injuries can contribute to significant developmental delays and psychiatric trauma in IATs and considerable costs to the state. Home safety education is a necessity for families with IATs. Educating families and caregivers on the appropriate environmental modifications in the home to prevent falls and burns must be a priority. The improved surveillance of child injuries and surveys of home conditions in Qatar is needed to form the basis for subsequent actions in this field.
Extra minimos nulla salus

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Two further difficulties with D’Costa’s account – at least when transferred to the case of a non-religious atheist – are addressed in this chapter: (i) the atheist’s seeming lack of opportunities to receive and cooperate with grace, and (ii) the doctrinal inadmissibility of post-mortem conversion. This is primarily done via an extended theological interpretation of Matthew 25.31–46 (‘Whatever you have done to the least of these my brothers…’), inspired by a specific strand of its reception in the Catholic hagiographical and magisterial traditions. Particular attention is paid to the witness and writings of Mother Teresa of Calcutta, and the resources these contain for a (quasi-) sacramental understanding of the atheist’s graced encounter with the ‘anonymous Christ’ in his minimi (‘least ones’).
Issues in constructional approaches to grammaticalization in English

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Traditional work on grammaticalization has often focussed on the creation of new atomic linguistic forms; recent research has suggested that grammaticalization may be considered as constructional emergence at an increasingly schematic level. Such a claim relies on an understanding of a construction as both (a) a form-meaning pairing in which the meaning of the whole is not derivable from the parts and (b) a string whose meaning is predictable from its parts, but which occurs with sufficient frequency for it to be stored as a pattern. The article summarises relevant issues in Construction Grammar, outlines aspects of existing research on constructions and grammaticalization in English and discusses some aspects of case loss and grammaticalization in the history of English including the loss of genitive objects. It also examines the place of analogy in grammaticalization. The article therefore presents new approaches to grammaticalization from the perspective of Construction Grammar.
TRIDENT Ice Mining Drill for Lunar Volatile Prospecting for PRIME-1 and VIPER Missions

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The Regolith and Ice Drill for Exploration of New Terrains (TRIDENT) is a 1 m class drill developed for capturing regolith and ice during the Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover (VIPER) and the Polar Resources Ice Mining Experiment (PRIME-1) lander missions to the south pole of the Moon. The drill employs decoupled rotation and percussion mechanisms to allow for three modes: rotation, percussion, and rotation–percussion, depending on operational goals and the material strength. TRIDENT can be operated in such a way that it can characterize subsurface material and deliver cuttings to the surface for characterization by other instruments. TRIDENT includes a drill-bit-integrated temperature sensor and an auger-integrated heater with a colocated temperature sensor 35 cm above the bit for thermal conductivity measurement. The heater can also be used in cases of ice adherence (freezing in) and to enhance the sublimation of ice from the cuttings pile. TRIDENT collects and delivers subsurface regolith onto the surface using a “bite” sampling approach: cuttings are captured in the auger flutes, the auger is retracted after drilling a 10 cm bite, and then 10 cm worth of cuttings are deposited onto the surface, forming a cuttings cone. This regolith cone is then analyzed by instruments Mass Spectrometer Observing Lunar Operations (MSOLO) and NIRVSS on the VIPER and MSOLO on the PRIME-1 missions. The drilling activity creates a seismic signal that can be detected on any associated inertial measurement unit that is turned on during the activity, which enables seismic science. TRIDENT represents two decades of technology development for planetary applications and could be deployed on any future missions to other solar system bodies. TRIDENT on the PRIME-1 mission has been successfully deployed in horizontal orientation (this orientation was due to the lander being in an off nominal landing orientation). All actuators, sensors, and heaters worked as designed. Even though the drill did not penetrate regolith, it was covered in regolith that fell onto the drill during the landing operation. VIPER is scheduled to launch to the Moon at the end of 2027 on Blue Origin’s Mk1 lander.
The impact of TQM institutionalization on transactions cost calculations in customer-supplier relationships

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Little research has been done on managerial perceptions of transaction costs, or on the impact of institutions on the calculation of transactions costs. In this study we develop a model that evaluates the effects of institutional forces on transactions costs calculations in the context of the institutionalization of total quality management. Our findings indicate that institutionalization does indeed shape perceptions of transactions costs, as do factors already associated with the transaction cost model, such as asset specificity and interdependence of customer and supplier. Our findings have important implications for research into both institutionalization and transactions costs analysis.
When a Good Business Model is Not Enough: Land Transactions and Gendered Livelihood Prospects in Rural Ghana

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Recent large-scale commercial agriculture projects in developing countries have raised concerns about the effects on natural resource-based livelihood activities of local people. A significant weakness in the emerging literature is the lack of a gender perspective on implications for agrarian livelihoods. This article explores the gendered aspects of land transactions on livelihood prospects in the Northern Region of Ghana. Drawing on qualitative research from two commercial agriculture projects, the article examines how pre-existing gender inequalities in agrarian production systems, as well as gender biases in project design, are implicated in post-project livelihood activities. The article concludes that a good business model of a land deal, even one that includes local communities in production and profit sharing, is not sufficient to protect women's livelihood prospects if projects ignore pre-existing gender inequalities and biases, which limit access to opportunities.
Research on parameters of TM<inf>010</inf> mode in cylindrical coaxial cavity resonator

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

This paper analyzes the inter-related parameters of transverse magnetic(TM)modes in microwave cylindrical coaxial cavity theoretically. With the 3D high frequency electromagnetic field simulation software CST-MWS, the reentrant and non-reentrant S-band TM 010 mode coaxial cavity are studied. The simulated results which are mode charts and the relation between characteristic impedance and structure parameters are presented, respectively.
Chinese Market as a Source of Global Innovation: Foreign MNCs’ R&D Activities in China

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper studies the influence of host country peculiarities on R&D activities of foreign MNCs in China. Through case study approach, we analyzed four Italian companies that have R&D and innovative activities in China. We found that innovation activities of foreign MNCs in China are affected by host country characteristics on three dimensions: state intervention; local competition, and local market peculiarities. We show how Chinese competitive context can be a source of global innovation if stimuli are properly received at both local and corporate level and we derive a taxonomy of innovation that might originate from foreign MNCs’ R&D activities in China. Our case studies confirm an evolution path of foreign R&D activities from an exploitative to an explorative nature. Finally, future research directions are suggested.
Antifungal (oral and vaginal) therapy for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a systematic review protocol

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is frequent in women worldwide and usually responds rapidly to topical or oral antifungal therapy. However, some women develop recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC), which is arbitrarily defined as four or more episodes every year. RVVC is a debilitating, long-term condition that can severely affect the quality of life of women. Most VVC is diagnosed and treated empirically and women frequently self-treat with over-the-counter medications that could contribute to an increase in the antifungal resistance. The effective treatment of RVVC has been a challenge in daily clinical practice. This review aims to assess the efficacy of antifungal agents administered orally or intravaginally for the treatment of RVVC, in order to define clinical practices that will impact on the reduction of the morbidity and antifungal resistance. Methods and analysis A comprehensive search of the following databases will be carried out: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (Virtual Health Library)/Biblioteca Regional de Medicina (Regional Library of Medicine) (BVS/BIREME), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and in the clinical trials databases ( www.trialscentral.org ; www.controlled-trials.com ; www.clinicaltrials.gov ). The risk of bias will be assessed according to the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. We will perform data synthesis using the Review Manager (RevMan) software V.5.2.3. To assess heterogeneity, we will compute the I2 statistic. Ethics and dissemination This study will be a review of published data and it is not necessary to obtain ethical approval. Findings of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Trial registration number CRD42018093817
Central effects of H1 and H2 antihistamines.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

H1-antihistamines are usually associated with impairment of central nervous functions, but unacceptable decrements in performance may not be an inevitable sequel of their use. Effects are dependent on the ability of a particular drug to cross the blood brain barrier, and so compounds which cross so slowly that tolerance of the central nervous system can develop gradually without any immediate changes in performance are of interest. However, sustained release formulations and compounds which have a selective affinity for the peripheral receptor may also have their part to play in the management of allergic states in those involved in skilled activity. As far as H2-antagonists are concerned, it is likely that as they are less liposoluble they would be free of central effects. Studies on the central effects of H1 and H2 antagonists are reviewed, and tentative recommendations are made in respect of these findings concerning the possible use of these drugs in aircrew.
Deamination of primary amines with dinitrogen tetraoxide at low temperatures: formation of nitrates

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Treatment of a primary or secondary alkyl primary amine at –78 °C with dinitrogen tetraoxide in the presence of excess of an amidine base gives an improved yield of nitrate ester or of nitrate ester plus alcohol. Use of these conditions significantly reduces the formation of olefins. Reactions of 3α- and 3β-aminocholestane proceed mainly with retention of configuration.
An approach to complex texts in multiple documents

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article describes an approach to the treatment of texts in complex large textual traditions. Editors are interested in the text as it appears line-by-line in each document, and in how the versions of the text differ from document to document. It is useful to define a text as the record of an act of communication, inscribed in a document: thus, the instance of the act of communication we identify as Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, as it appears in the Hengwrt manuscript. In this view, every text has a dual aspect: it is both the words as they are inscribed in a particular document, and as they constitute an act of communication and its parts. This presents challenges for scholars who wish to record both aspects. In encoding implementations, these two aspects are commonly treated as ‘overlapping hierarchies’. However, the ‘overlapping hierarchy’ model does not deal with cases where text segments are not contiguous in either aspect and cannot overlap cleanly. To meet these cases, the Textual Communities project developed an architecture in which the two aspects are represented as distinct and independent hierarchies (trees), with text segments referenced to nodes on each tree. The linking of text segments to the two trees is managed by a JSON database, accessed through transcription and collation tools presented in a Web interface. Textual Communities does not implement the whole of this architecture in terms of validation, ingestion, and processing. Full exploration and implementation of the architecture here described are challenges for future scholars.
Effects of Various Cavities and Restorations on the Fracture Resistance of Teeth in vitro

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective To study the effects of various cavities and restorations on fracture resistance of teeth in vitro. Methods Extracted human maxillary premolars were prepared for occlusal cavities and MO cavities, and various restorations were used. The electro-mechanical testing machine was used to perform the tests. Results There was difference in fracture resistance among various cavities and restorations. The fracture patterns were different. Conclusion The different types of cavities and various restorations affected the tooth fracture.
COLLECTIVE DECISIONS INVOLVING RISK: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This working paper was developed in response to a request for an address on the responsibilities of public servants in dealing with risks to the public. It surveys a portion of the growing literature relevant to collective decisions involving risk. It is intended primarily to provide some helpful introductory background to public servants and students of public administration coming to this topic without substantial expertise. Its purpose is therefore expository, and the style descriptive. This review simply attempts to organize some elements of a large and disparate literature, without developing any one analytical approach or institutional process in detail, and with no pretense of being complete or exhaustive. The address in question, and some further more speculative considerations, are discussed
Footprints of divergent evolution in two Na+/H+ type antiporter gene families (NHX and SOS1) in the genus Populus

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Populus, a deciduous tree species of major economic and ecological value, grows across the range in which trees are distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. Patterns of DNA variation are often used to identify the evolutionary forces shaping the genotypes of distinctive species lineages. Sodium/hydrogen (Na+/H+) antiporter genes have been shown to play a central role in plant salt tolerance. Here, we analyzed DNA nucleotide polymorphisms in the Na+/H+ antiporter (NHX and SOS1) gene families across 30 different Populus species using several methods of phylogenetic analysis and functional verification. NHX and SOS1 gene families in the genus Populus have expanded from the state in their common ancestors by duplication events, and their distinct lineages have been retained. Signals of positive selection at certain amino acid sites in different members of the Na/H antiporter gene families show that the dynamics that drive the evolution of each gene vary. SOS1 has undergone duplication in Populus euphratica and been subjected to adaptive evolution in section Turanga; the paralog of PeSOS1 (PeSOS1.2) can complement the Escherichia coli mutant EP432; and the expression pattern of PeSOS1.2 is different from that of PeSOS1, a fact which may have been beneficial for P. euphratica, conferring a fitness advantage in saline habitats. The divergent evolution of the individual members of the NHX and SOS1 gene families is likely to have been influenced by the varied ecological and environmental niches occupied by the different poplar species, giving rise to evolutionary footprints that reflect the specific functions and subcellular localizations of the proteins encoded by these genes.
EPUB Download Field Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print FOR ANY DEVICE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Read Or Download Field Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print Full Books By by Paul S. Auerbach MD MS FACEP MFAWM FAAEM (Author)\n\nRead Online => Read Field Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print\n\nDownload Book => Download Field Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print\n\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print pdf download\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print read online\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print epub\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print vk\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print pdf\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print amazon\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print free download pdf\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print pdf free\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print pdf\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print epub download\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print online\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print epub download\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print epub vk\nField Guide to Wilderness Medicine: Expert Consult - Online and Print mobi\n\n\n#downloadbook #book #readonline #readbookonline #ebookcollection #ebookdownload #pdf #ebook #epub #kindle
Acting but Not Reacting: Role of Mindfulness in Moderating the PCV – Deviance Relationship

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The current study examines processes through which the negative impact of perceived organizational violation on deviance could be curbed. Specifically, this study introduces mindfulness to the psychological contract literature to suggest that mindfulness, a dispositional, self-regulatory factor, could act as an emotional regulation aiding the reduction of employees’ negative responses to adverse events. Perceived contract violation has been shown to result in an intense negative reaction such as hostility and deviance, however, this study shows that mindfulness is germane in moderating this relationship. We find that employees high in mindfulness are more likely to be able to regulate their emotions, thoughts and behaviours and as such less likely to react negatively to perceived contract violation. Ultimately, we propose and examine a moderated-mediated model. Data collected across two studies demonstrate general support for the hypothesized relationships. We conclude with theoretical and practical implications as well as future research avenues.
Study of the asymptotic eigenvalue distribution and trace formula of a second order operator-differential equation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The purpose of writing this article is to show some spectral properties of the Bessel operator equation, with spectral parameter-dependent boundary condition. This problem arises upon separation of variables in heat or wave equations, when one of the boundary conditions contains partial derivative with respect to time. To illustrate the problem and the proof in detail, as a first step, the corresponding operator's discreteness of the spectrum is proved. Then, the nature of the eigenvalue distribution is established. Finally, based on these results, a regularized trace formula for the eigenvalues is obtained. MSC: 34B05; 34G20; 34L20; 34L05; 47A05; 47A10.