jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Base transceiver station deployment using rectilinear distance location of a single facility

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Summary The huge amount of funds invested in deployment and installations of global satellite mobile infrastructures in Nigeria does not justify the poor quality of service (QoS) and network coverage experienced by the users in some areas while it is a gloomy issue as most of these infrastructures are grossly underused in other areas. The problem is majorly subjective to inappropriate location of the base transceiver stations (BTSs); hence, this work studied and analyzed an existing BTSs layout and proposes a model based on the use of median rule with rectilinear distance single facility location for appropriate deployment location of a new BTS that will ensure proper network connectivity and management of QoS for a given area. The case study is the University of Ilorin academic environment where transmission environmental monitoring system equipment was used to monitor the signals on the existing BTSs, to ascertain the positions of the existing BTSs, the total number of the existing BTSs, and areas of poor signal strengths for all the existing operators. The electric field intensity of each of the BTS sites was determined and was used as the weight in the rectilinear distance location model. The operator with the poorest signal strength was selected to occupy the new BTS so as to improve its handover and network connectivity.
Proteome database of Helicobacter pylori phage KHP30

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This work describes the proteome database of Helicobacter pylori phage KHP30. Original data for the proteome comes from UniProt, which was parsed by an in-house MATLAB proteome analysis software to catalogue protein name and amino acid sequence. Additional variables calculated include number of residues in protein, molecular weight, and nucleotide sequence of protein. Overall, this dataset should be useful as a guide for initiating studies on this important bacteriophage of H. pylori.
Few Is Enough: Task-Augmented Active Meta-Learning for Brain Cell Classification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Deep Neural Networks (or DNNs) must constantly cope with distribution changes in the input data when the task of interest or the data collection protocol changes. Retraining a network from scratch to combat this issue poses a significant cost. Meta-learning aims to deliver an adaptive model that is sensitive to these underlying distribution changes, but requires many tasks during the meta-training process. In this paper, we propose a tAsk-auGmented actIve meta-LEarning (AGILE) method to efficiently adapt DNNs to new tasks by using a small number of training examples. AGILE combines a meta-learning algorithm with a novel task augmentation technique which we use to generate an initial adaptive model. It then uses Bayesian dropout uncertainty estimates to actively select the most difficult samples when updating the model to a new task. This allows AGILE to learn with fewer tasks and a few informative samples, achieving high performance with a limited dataset. We perform our experiments using the brain cell classification task and compare the results to a plain meta-learning model trained from scratch. We show that the proposed task-augmented meta-learning framework can learn to classify new cell types after a single gradient step with a limited number of training samples. We show that active learning with Bayesian uncertainty can further improve the performance when the number of training samples is extremely small. Using only 1% of the training data and a single update step, we achieved 90% accuracy on the new cell type classification task, a 50% points improvement over a state-of-the-art meta-learning algorithm.
Phonology and phonetics of Singapore Hakka

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Hakka is a major branch of the Sinitic language family. The language consists of many varieties due to language contact as, historically, Hakka people migrated southwards within China, and then to other parts of the world, with Singapore being one of the destinations. This results in mutually unintelligible Hakka varieties, such as Taiwanese Hakka and Guangzhou Hakka. Several studies have been conducted on different Hakka varieties, including Hakka in Southeast Asia, but there is a particular lack of research focusing on Singapore Hakka. Hence, this paper aims to set the foundation of a phonological and phonetic study on Singapore Hakka by examining three Hakka varieties spoken in Singapore (Meixian, Wuhua and Jiaoling Hakka). This paper mainly uses first hand data obtained from two experiments, the Swadesh word list, and The Pear Film, as the basis of analysis and interpretation, supported by phonetic analysis of spectrograms using PRAAT and statistical tests to prove the significance of the findings. The outline of this paper is as follows: Chapter 1 introduces the aims and definitions used in this paper, Chapter 2 covers the literature review related to the research, Chapter 3 gives an overview of the phonology of Singapore Hakka, Chapter 4 is a collective section about the methodology used and results found in this study, and finally, Chapter 5 concludes the paper and discusses the limitations as well as possible directions of future studies.
1334: COCAINE-ASSOCIATED ACUTE SEVERE HYPONATREMIA: A CASE REPORT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Hyponatremia, defined as a serum sodium concentration below 135 mEq/L, can result from various etiologies. However, there have been limited reports of hyponatremia specifically associated with cocaine use. Here, we present a case of Cocaine- Associated acute severe hyponatremia. Description: A 55-year-old man with a history of Cocaine abuse was brought to the ED after being found unresponsive at home. Upon arrival, the patient remained unresponsive with a Temperature of 101.4, and blood pressure of 131/76 mmHg. On the exam, the patient was unresponsive to verbal or painful stimuli, GCS < 8, bilateral pupils equal and dilated and blood- tinged saliva was noted. The patient was immediately intubated for airway protection. Lab results were notable for Serum Sodium of 110, Serum osmolality of 249, WBC of 33.00, lactic acidosis (4.19), CK level of 2300 (went up to 14,000 on day 2) & Uric Acid 5.6. Urine electrolytes studies on day 3 showed UNa of 14, and UOsm of 113 and UDS was positive for Cocaine. Imaging studies, including chest X-ray, CT scan of the head and cervical spine, and MRI of the head without contrast, did not reveal any acute cardiopulmonary abnormalities or intracranial lesions. Infectious work-up was negative. All the other causes of hyponatremia were excluded. The patient was admitted to the ICU for further management. A gentle correction of hyponatremia with the administration of hypertonic saline was initiated. 7 L of urinary output was reported on day 3, which occurred over the span of 8 hours. It resulted in a significant increase in the serum sodium level from 122 to 134. To prevent further overcorrection and complications, we initiated aggressive resuscitation with D5W and two doses of 2mg DDAVP, which improved polyuria and the serum sodium level went down to 126. The patient was successfully extubated and was eventually transferred to the floors after stabilization of his vitals and electrolytes. Discussion: Cocaine acts in the nervous system by blocking the pre-synaptic receptors of serotonin and catecholamine, increasing the bioavailability at post- synaptic receptors, which can stimulate ADH release [1]. Cocaine intoxication can have significant life-threatening complications and acute severe hyponatremia should be considered as one of them.
The elements of insect anatomy; an outline for the use of students in entomological laboratories. By John Henry Comstock and Vernon L. Kellogg

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Need of a technical nomenclature.-Ithas been found that the use of the terms upper, lower, inner, outer, before, behind, anterior, posterior, and similar expressions in the technical descriptions of animals or their parts frequently leads to ambiguity.A great part of the confusion doubtless arises from the fact that the natural position of man differs from that of the lower animals in being erect.Thus, for example, when applied to men, Jefore means in the direction indicated by a line drawn from the center of the body to the ventral surface; in the lower animals it means in the direc-* Cases occur where it is desirable to speak of an aspect which looks in a direction between two of the cardinal directions.Thus we speak of the lines or spots on the latero-dorsal aspect of a larva, * The necessity for referring to the aspects of other appendages than the legs and wings will so seldom arise that it does not seem worth while to attempt to determine the normal positions of such appendages.
The Expression of Heat Shock Protein 60 kDa in Tissues and Cell Lines of Breast Cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Purpose: Breast cancer has been reported as the most common cancer of women in the United States, Western Europe and Korea and about 210,000 and 10,000 women in United States and Korea every year, respectively are diagnosed with it. Breast cancer is curable with an early diagnosis, and many researchers have made efforts to find a marker for this malady, heat shock protein (HSP) consists of 6 groups, it is highly preserved throughout both the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and it acts as a molecular chaperone that’s involved in protein folding. HSPs have been recently reported to be related with breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the changes of expression of HSP60 in tissues and cell lines of breast cancer. Methods: We obtained breast cancer tissues and normal tissues from breast cancer patients, and we purchased several cancer cell lines from American tissue culture correction. We treated the tissues and the cell lines of human breast cancer with heat shock protein. Proteins and mRNAs were isolated from the tissues and the cells and then we performed Western blotting, reverse transcriptase-Polymerase chain Reaction and fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis on them. Results: On Western blot, HSP60 was more overexpressed in the tissues and the cell lines of breast cancer than in the normal breast tissues and cell lines. The expression of HSP60 showed 2 types of molecular weight differences in the tissues and cell lines of breast cancer, and specifically, low HSP60 was over-expressed in the cancer tissues. There was no difference between the breast cancer cell lines and the normal cell lines in the expressions of HSP60 mRNA, according to the treatment with heat shock. Also, there was no relationship between phosphorylation and the structural difference of HSP60 protein, according to HSP60 protein’s molecular weight. The expression of HSP60 has been mostly reported at the mitochondria; however, in this study, it was more predominantly detected at the cytoplasm than at the mitochondria in the breast cancer cell lines. Conclusion: We conclude that HSP60 may be used as a diagnostic marker for breast cancer. Detailed investigation of the usefulness and significance of the HSP60 expression as a prognostic factor is required in further studies.
KheOps: Cost-effective Repeatability, Reproducibility, and Replicability of Edge-to-Cloud Experiments

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Distributed infrastructures for computation and analytics are now evolving towards an interconnected ecosystem allowing complex scientific workflows to be executed across hybrid systems spanning from IoT Edge devices to Clouds, and sometimes to supercomputers (the Computing Continuum). Understanding the performance trade-offs of large-scale workflows deployed on such complex Edge-to-Cloud Continuum is challenging. To achieve this, one needs to systematically perform experiments, to enable their reproducibility and allow other researchers to replicate the study and the obtained conclusions on different infrastructures. This breaks down to the tedious process of reconciling the numerous experimental requirements and constraints with low-level infrastructure design choices.To address the limitations of the main state-of-the-art approaches for distributed, collaborative experimentation, such as Google Colab, Kaggle, and Code Ocean, we propose KheOps, a collaborative environment specifically designed to enable cost-effective reproducibility and replicability of Edge-to-Cloud experiments. KheOps is composed of three core elements: (1) an experiment repository; (2) a notebook environment; and (3) a multi-platform experiment methodology.We illustrate KheOps with a real-life Edge-to-Cloud application. The evaluations explore the point of view of the authors of an experiment described in an article (who aim to make their experiments reproducible) and the perspective of their readers (who aim to replicate the experiment). The results show how KheOps helps authors to systematically perform repeatable and reproducible experiments on the Grid5000 + FIT IoT LAB testbeds. Furthermore, KheOps helps readers to cost-effectively replicate authors experiments in different infrastructures such as Chameleon Cloud + CHI@Edge testbeds, and obtain the same conclusions with high accuracies (> 88% for all performance metrics).
Development and Validation of Perception of Wisdom Exploratory Rating Scale: An Instrument to Examine Teachers’ Perceptions of Wisdom

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Perception of Wisdom Exploratory Rating Scale based on the Polyhedron Model of Wisdom (PMW). A total number of 585 responses from in-service and preservice teachers was collected. In the EFA, the items fit a seven-factor structure, producing the following subscales: knowledge management, self-regulation, moral maturity, openness, tolerance, sound judgment, and creative thinking. CFA was performed to test the construct validity of the scale. The model produced a good fit to the data (χ2/df = 1.67, CFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.049, and SRMR = 0.06). With continued testing and revisions, this instrument could be useful for the cross-cultural comparison of perceptions of wisdom and identification of barriers to promoting wisdom instruction.
Indigenous Museum Curatorship in the United States and Canada: Roles and Responsibilities

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Indigenous curatorship has become an increasingly visible presence in the public sphere as part of the long process of North American Native people’s efforts to regain control over the representations and uses of their cultures in Western societies. Even though scholars consider this profession fundamental to Native American struggles for sovereignty, many do not have a clear understanding of what it involves. In the context of scarce scholarship on Indigenous curatorship, this qualitative study relies on interview and textual data to articulate Indigenous curators’ understandings of their work of preserving and promoting Indigenous knowledge. It emphasizes the uniqueness of Indigenous curatorship by mapping out this profession’s specific roles and responsibilities within the broader arena of museum curatorship. The study identifies two main directions Indigenous curators take in their work, namely activism and engagement of the public. Activism consists in Indigenous curators’ efforts to critique oppressive knowledge structures, raise awareness of controversial topics of public interest related to Indigeneity, and support Native artists and tribal communities. Engagement of the public refers to Indigenous curators’ strategies of involving source communities in the design of exhibits and diverse audiences in the interpretation of exhibitions.
Economics and the Law: Where is There Consensus?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We investigate where consensus exists in the field of Economics and the Law by analyzing responses to a questionnaire mailed to members of the American Law and Economics Association. These specialists are impressed by the efficiency of the common law, while few believe that the jury system is efficient. Fifty-nine percent conclude that there are currently too many attorneys in the U.S. Forty-one percent believe that there are about the right number—none think that there are too few. Among the other issues in the survey are precedent, contract law, litigation abuse, negligence, nuisance, punitive damages, no-fault auto insurance, product liability, contingency fees, losers paying for civil litigation, compensation for regulatory takings, privacy rights, and the economics of crime and punishment.
Comparison of simple methods for extraction and measurement of phytoplanktonic Chlorophyll-a

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Chlorophyll-a(Chl-a) concentration is generally used as an estimate of phytoplankton biomass.Based on the fact that Chl-a is soluble in organic solvents and absorbs light at certain wavelengths,Chl-a concentration can be measured by the classic spectrophotometric method.Water samples were collected from moat river in Suzhou to determine phytoplanktonic Chl-a concentrations.The extractions of Chl-a with ethanol,DMF(dimethyl sulfoxide) and acetone were carried out,respectively,and the Chl-a concentration was measured spectrophotometrically.The data were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by Q test.The results show that the efficiencies of Chl-a extraction with ethanol and/or DMF are significantly higher than that with acetone(F=54.20F0.01(2,18)(6.01)).Additionally,pure cultures containing Dactylcoccopsis shinensis were also used to determine Chl-a contents,the results analyzed by linear regression supported that extractions with ethanol and/or DMF were more excellent than that with acetone in repeatability,stability and efficiency.When safety,convenience,and repeatability involved in the extraction and measurement procedures were taken into consideration,we suggest that ethanol be the optimal solvent for extracting phytoplanktonic Chl-a.
Effect of Maternal HIV Infection on Treatment with HAART on Neonatal Birth Weight and Other Anthropometry: A Cohort Study of HIV Sero-Positive Women in Enugu, South-East Nigeria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Low Birth Weight (LBW) is associated with poor health conditions during neonatal period, infancy and in adult life. It is possible that some form of fetal growth restriction occurs in babies of HIV sero-positive women. Aim: To determine the effect of maternal HIV infection on neonatal birth weight and other neonatal anthropometric indices. Materials and Methods: The study was prospective cohort in design. Neonatal birth weight, head circumference, and crownheel length of babies of 87 consecutive consenting HAART experienced HIV sero-positive pregnant women on HAART (study group) were compared with those of 92 matched HIV sero-negative women (control group). Data analyses were both descriptive and inferential at 95% confidence level. Results: The incidence of low birth weight was 25.3% (22/87) among the HIV sero-positive group and 14.1% (13/92) among the control group (p=0.060, R.R=1.8, 95% CI: 0.96-3.33). The mean neonatal head circumference in the study and control groups were 33.7±2.93 cm and 34.5±2.31 cm respectively, p=0.036 while the mean crown-heel length was 47.9±4.59 cm versus 48.7±4.02 cm, p=0.217. Conclusion: Maternal HIV treatment with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) was not associated with high incidence LBW in Enugu, Nigeria. However, the head circumference was reduced. Careful measurement of the head circumferences of neonates of HIV sero-positive mothers, during routine new-born examination, is encouraged, so that any disproportionate growth would receive further appropriate assessment.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Ligand-supported homology modelling of protein binding-sites using knowledge-based potentials.

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A new approach, MOBILE, is presented that models protein binding-sites including bound ligand molecules as restraints. Initially generated, homology models of the target protein are refined iteratively by including information about bioactive ligands as spatial restraints and optimising the mutual interactions between the ligands and the binding-sites. Thus optimised models can be used for structure-based drug design and virtual screening. In a first step, ligands are docked into an averaged ensemble of crude homology models of the target protein. In the next step, improved homology models are generated, considering explicitly the previously placed ligands by defining restraints between protein and ligand atoms. These restraints are expressed in terms of knowledge-based distance-dependent pair potentials, which were compiled from crystallographically determined protein-ligand complexes. Subsequently, the most favourable models are selected by ranking the interactions between the ligands and the generated pockets using these potentials. Final models are obtained by selecting the best-ranked side-chain conformers from various models, followed by an energy optimisation of the entire complex using a common force-field. Application of the knowledge-based pair potentials proved efficient to restrain the homology modelling process and to score and optimise the modelled protein-ligand complexes. For a test set of 46 protein-ligand complexes, taken from the Protein Data Bank (PDB), the success rate of producing near-native binding-site geometries (rmsd< 2.0A) with MODELLER is 70% when the ligand restrains the homology modelling process in its native orientation. Scoring these complexes with the knowledge-based potentials, in 66% of the cases a pose with rmsd < 2.0A is found on rank 1. Finally, MOBILE has been applied to two case studies modelling factor Xa based on trypsin and aldose reductase based on aldehyde reductase. PMID: 14607122
Metastatic Lung Tumors from Colorectal Cancer with <i>EGFR</i> Mutations That Responded to Osimertinib

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 50-year-old woman who had previously undergone right hemicolectomy and chemotherapy for colorectal cancer was hospitalized with respiratory failure. Chest computed tomography showed reticulonodular opacities and enlarged lymph nodes. A transbronchial biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations T790M and L861Q. Treatment with the EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) osimertinib was started, and she achieved a partial response. We diagnosed her with metastatic lung tumors from colorectal cancer based on additional immunohistochemical staining and the EGFR mutation status (L861Q) of the specimens. Although cases with EGFR mutations have been rarely reported, an EGFR-TKI can be an effective treatment option for colorectal cancer.