jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Colour as a visual cue: how does package colour affect consumers’ perceptions?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Visual stimuli play an important role in forming consumers’ perceptions regarding food products. Thus, the colour of packaging makes a significant contribution in promoting product sale and in influencing consumers’ buying desires and preferences. The purpose of this research is to try to fill the perceived gap in the existing literature in the field of food packaging and to enlighten the effects of colour on packaging. The present study used a quantitative approach to explain the link between colour combinations (complementary versus analogous colours) and consumers’ perceptions on calories, healthiness and purchase intention. Through a questionnaire, 383 respondents were asked to rate their perceptions on the variables mentioned, regarding two different packages for cookies: one coloured with blue and orange and another coloured with blue and green. The results demonstrated that blue and orange packages were perceived to be less healthy and more caloric, but participants revealed a higher intention to purchase them. Finally, managerial implications, limitations and future research directions are discussed.
Identification,Isolation and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Major Pathogens of Bovine Subclinical Mastitis

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to identify the major pathogens of the bovine subclinical mastitis occurred in a dairy cow farm in Chengdu,and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of the pathogens,so as to provide useful information for the treatment of the mastitis.A total of 20 milk samples were collected from cows with subclinical mastitis,and bacterial isolation and identification were performed.The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was also tested.Eight strains of Escherichiacoli were isolated from 6milk samples with an isolation rate of 30%,while no Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus dysgalactiae were isolated.Antimicrobial susceptibility test indicated that the isolated E.coli strains were sensitive to 17 antimicrobials,and medium sensitive to 7antimicrobials and resistant to 8antimicrobials.The results obtained in this study provided useful information for clinical medication.
Study of Robust Adaptive Beamforming Based on Low-Complexity DFT Spatial Sampling

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a novel and robust algorithm is proposed for adaptive beamforming based on the idea of reconstructing the autocorrelation sequence (ACS) of a random process from a set of measured data. This is obtained from the first column and the first row of the sample covariance matrix (SCM) after averaging along its diagonals. Then, the power spectrum of the correlation sequence is estimated using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The DFT coefficients corresponding to the angles within the noise-plus-interference region are used to reconstruct the noise-plus-interference covariance matrix (NPICM), while the desired signal covariance matrix (DSCM) is estimated by identifying and removing the noise-plus-interference component from the SCM. In particular, the spatial power spectrum of the estimated received signal is utilized to compute the correlation sequence corresponding to the noise-plus-interference in which the dominant DFT coefficient of the noise-plus-interference is captured. A key advantage of the proposed adaptive beamforming is that only little prior information is required. Specifically, an imprecise knowledge of the array geometry and of the angular sectors in which the interferences are located is needed. Simulation results demonstrate that compared with previous reconstruction-based beamformers, the proposed approach can achieve better overall performance in the case of multiple mismatches over a very large range of input signal-to-noise ratios.
Testing for similarity in area‐based spatial patterns: Alternative methods to Andresen's spatial point pattern test

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Andresen's spatial point pattern test (SPPT) compares two spatial point patterns on defined areal units; it identifies areas where the spatial point patterns diverge and aggregates these local (dis)similarities to one global measure. We discuss the limitations of the SPPT and provide two alternative methods to calculate differences in the point patterns. In the first approach we use differences in proportions tests corrected for multiple comparisons. We show how the size of differences matters, as with large point patterns many areas will be identified by SPPT as statistically different, even if those differences are substantively trivial. The second approach uses multinomial logistic regression, which can be extended to identify differences in proportions over continuous time. We demonstrate these methods by identifying areas where pedestrian stops by the New York City Police Department are different from violent crimes for 2006–2016.
Star-branched polymers. 5. The .theta. temperature depression for 8- and 12-arm polyisoprenes in dioxane

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStar-branched polymers. 5. The .theta. temperature depression for 8- and 12-arm polyisoprenes in dioxaneB. J. Bauer, N. Hadjichristidis, L. J. Fetters, and J. E. L. RooversCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 7, 2410–2413Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00527a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00527a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views163Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Smoking in church

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Smoking in church Get access Thomas Kerslake Thomas Kerslake 1Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s7-I, Issue 2, 9 January 1886, Pages 32–33, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s7-I.2.32b Published: 09 January 1886
Modern Art Theories

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The ancient doctrine that artworks are imitative or capture likenesses has been widely denied, and by aestheticians who are thought to hold sharply contrasting views about the nature of art. Two of these views are of particular interest to me. The first is formalism, or one of the views that can be called formalism, which maintains that artworks qua artworks are void of all representational content and consist in mere patterns of line and color that please us on a direct inspection. The second (and currently much more discussed) view is that artworks differ from mere physical objects by virtue of an invisible art-making property, namely, an identification that an artist makes whereby a physical object acquires a representational content. For the sake of terminological symmetry, and to distinguish it from other positions, I shall call this second view invisibilism-which should not be taken to suggest that artworks themselves are invisible, but only that the art-making property cannot be discerned in the visible physical object. If we think about the overall history of art, formalism and invisibilism look counterintuitive. But these views were motivated by developments in modern art, and these views can look more promising against that background. They are modern art theories, to use a term that is calculatedly ambiguous between theories of modem art and modern theories of art. I want to sort this ambiguity out, to understand the philosophical impact that modern art should have on our thinking, and to argue that insofar as the case against the ancient doctrine relies on historical premises the case is far from conclusive. We shall also see that formalism and invisibilism have more in common than we might have supposed. Depending on one's perspective, their common ground can be good news for one theory, bad news for the other, or-as I think most likely-bad news for both.
A case report about autism spectrum disorder and comorbidities: diagnostic and treatment difficulties in transition from adolescence to adulthood

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract We report the case of an 18-year-old male patient diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder at age of 12. Between the age of 12 and 18 he developed anxiety and substance use disorders. He was acutely admitted to the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at Semmelweis University due to a severe manic episode with psychotic symptoms at the age of 18. He provided a multidisciplinary treatment, including medication, support group, individual addiction consultation and rehabilitation. He became stable, currently abstinent for six months and planning to graduate. Our case report has practical implications for physicians by raising their awareness of comorbid mental disorders in the autism spectrum and also the difficulties in the transition between adolescence to adulthood. Keywords autism spectrum, comorbidity, transient psychiatry Disclosure of Interest None Declared
Dynamic Token Pruning in Plain Vision Transformers for Semantic Segmentation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Vision transformers have achieved leading performance on various visual tasks yet still suffer from high computational complexity. The situation deteriorates in dense prediction tasks like semantic segmentation, as high-resolution inputs and outputs usually imply more tokens involved in computations. Directly removing the less attentive tokens has been discussed for the image classification task but can not be extended to semantic segmentation since a dense prediction is required for every patch. To this end, this work introduces a Dynamic Token Pruning (DToP) method based on the early exit of tokens for semantic segmentation. Motivated by the coarse-to-fine segmentation process by humans, we naturally split the widely adopted auxiliary-loss-based network architecture into several stages, where each auxiliary block grades every token's difficulty level. We can finalize the prediction of easy tokens in advance without completing the entire forward pass. Moreover, we keep k highest confidence tokens for each semantic category to uphold the representative context information. Thus, computational complexity will change with the difficulty of the input, akin to the way humans do segmentation. Experiments suggest that the proposed DToP architecture reduces on average 20% ∼ 35% of computational cost for current semantic segmentation methods based on plain vision transformers without accuracy degradation. The code is available through the following link: https://github.com/zbwxp/Dynamic-Token-Pruning.
High strain rate behavior of magnesium alloys AZ91D and AZ31B under dynamic tensile loading

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Magnesium alloy has rapidly gain popularity over a vast variety of industrial field especially so in the automotive and aerospace industry. This is due to the positive technological properties it processed such as high specific strength with low specific weight ratio and more importantly, it is widely and easily available. To better utilize magnesium alloy in more body part of the automotive and aerospace industry, much more research must be conducted to understand the mechanical behavior of magnesium alloy under dynamic loading condition.
Efficacy of automatic multimodal device therapy for ventricular tachy- arrhythmias as delivered by a new implantable pacing cardioverterdelibriIlator. Circulation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background. Third-generation implantable cardioverter-defibrillators are devices designed to treat ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) by means of overdrive pacing, cardioversion, or defibrillation. So far, the efficacy of tiered therapy has been documented only in small series. Therefore, a European multicenter clinical evaluation study of a new tachyarrhythmia control device, the Medtronic PCD pacer-cardioverter-defibrillator with epicardial patch-lead configuration, was undertaken. Methods and Resul. We report on 102 patients (mean age, 55±13 years) from 11 European centers. PCD devices implanted between May 1989 and February 1991 were included. The patients suffered from hemodynamically significant ventricular tachyarrhythmias not suppressed by antiarrhythmic drug therapy and unrelated to acute myocardial infarction; one patient had nonsustained VT and severely depressed left ventricular function. Seventy patients had coronary artery disease with old myocardial infarctions, 23 had cardiomyopathies of various etiologies, and nine patients had no detectable heart disease. Mean ejection fraction was 36±14 % (range, 10-76%). Mean intraoperative defibrillation threshold (51 patients) was 10.6±5.1 J (range, 2-18 J). The documented follow-up ranged from 1 to 21 months (mean, 9.4±5.8 months), or 79.9 cumulative patient-years. Perioperative mortality was 3.9%1. The actuarial survival rate at 12 months was 91%. One sudden arrhythmic death occunred. Sixty patients (58%) received device therapy. Seventeen
Perceptually-driven panning for an extended listening area

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In loudspeaker-based sound field reproduction, the perceived sound quality deteriorates significantly when listeners move outside of the sweet spot. Although a substantial increase in the number of loudspeakers enables rendering methods that can mitigate this issue, such a solution is not feasible for most real-life applications. This study aims to extend the listening area by finding a panning strategy that optimises an objective function reflecting the localisation and localisation uncertainty over a listening area. To that end we first introduce a psychoacoustic localisation model that outperforms existing models in the context of multichannel loudspeaker setups. Leveraging this model and an existing model of localisation uncertainty, we optimise inter-channel time and level differences for a stereophonic system. The outcome is a new panning approach that depends on the listening area and the most suitable trade-off between localisation and localisation uncertainty.
Students’ willingness to practice collaborative learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study presented here sought to determine how student teachers' personal characteristics, attitudes, knowledge, experience and skills for using collaborative learning influence their willingness to use this demanding pedagogy in their classes. A structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis model based on data from questionnaires emphasized the direct effect of experience on attitudes and skills, but showed no such effect on knowledge. There was no difference in research variables based on gender, age and degree in respondents' willingness to integrate collaborative learning. One major conclusion of the study is that teacher education programs should include a study of the theoretical and strategic aspects of collaborative learning, as well as active experience with this pedagogy.
The Empirical Analysis of Entrepreneurial Behavior among Adults in Punjab, Pakistan

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Purpose: The concept of entrepreneurship has gained much devotion from governments and decision-makers in numerous countries, particularly in emerging countries already suffering from many problems like slow economic growth and development. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the impact of socioeconomic status and career motivation on entrepreneurial persistence among adults in Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. The study also investigates the mediating role of entrepreneurial intentions in the relationship between socioeconomic status, career motivation, and entrepreneurial persistence. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from 366 adults (above 24 years). For the empirical analysis of the study, structural equation modeling was used to examine the association among the study variables. Findings: The findings revealed that socioeconomic status and career motivation have a significantly positive impact on entrepreneurial persistence. However, entrepreneurial intentions mediate the relationship between socioeconomic status, career motivation, and entrepreneurial persistence. Originality/value: It is important to deliberately increase the marvelous opportunities for communally impactful progress that an increase in adult entrepreneurship should be provided.
Local Accumulation of FOXP3+ Regulatory T Cells: Evidence for an Immune Evasion Mechanism in Patients with Large Condylomata Acuminata

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Condylomata acuminata derived from the infection of human papillomavirus is a common sexually transmitted disease. Although T cell-mediated cellular immunity is considered as the main arm against such infection, the regulation of T cell immune responses in genital condylomata is unclear to date. In this study, we analyzed FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in genital condylomata of patients. The results show that FOXP3+ regulatory T cells with suppressive function accumulated in large warts. Consistently, the immunosuppressive milieu in large warts was characterized by high expression of IL-10 and TGF-β1 and low expression of IL-2 and IFN-γ. The responsiveness of wart-infiltrating T cells both in vitro and in vivo can be increased by depleting FOXP3+ T cells. The accumulation of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in large warts can be partly ascribed to the chemotaxis of CCL17 and CCL22, derived from Langerhans cells and macrophages in wart. Although such accumulation favors the local immunosuppression, it seems not to influence the systemic immunity. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that FOXP3+ regulatory T cells play an important role in genital condylomata, which has multiple implications in the comprehensive treatment of condylomata acuminata.
Distinct Business Strategy for Bali Baliku Villa

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study would discuss the re-formulation of Bali Baliku Villa's Business Strategy. Located in Jimbaran, Bali Baliku Villa as a new villa had suffered from the bombing attacks that occurred in Bali in 2002 and 2005, which results in low occupancy rates. Bali Baliku has put its beach-front location as its key attraction factor, however, the villa is lacking in distinctive competencies, since nearby competitors also claim to offer beach locations and similar facilities. In this study, the group planned to develop a sound business strategy for Bali Baliku Villa to counter its current problems as well as to assure its sustainability in the future. This strategy was formulated by firstly assessing the current management perception of Bali Baliku Villa and its competitors. Next, the group analyzed the consumers needs and market trends. Lastly, the group formulated with both short and long term strategies by considering Bali Baliku's strengths and weaknesses, and identifying the threats and opportunities in the market..

In the Short Term Strategy, the group proposed 3 solutions The first solution is to exploit a neighborhood environment, which includes partnerships with local cafes and the sponsoring events within the Jimbaran area in exchange for the villa's exposure / publications. , particularly China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, and Russia These markets were proposed after considering their socio-economic situations and their increasing interest in Bali's tourism. Fastly, we proposed to use e-Marketing to accompany Direct Sales Effon Features that are essential in this e-Marketing are Website design and Optimization, Electronic Customer relationship Management, Consumer Generated Media, and Best Rate Guarantee via on-line booking
LighTN: Light-weight Transformer Network for Performance-overhead Tradeoff in Point Cloud Downsampling

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Compared with traditional task-irrelevant downsampling methods, task-oriented neural networks have shown improved performance in point cloud downsampling range. Recently, Transformer family of networks has shown a more powerful learning capacity in visual tasks. However, Transformer-based architectures potentially consume too many resources which are usually worthless for low overhead task networks in downsampling range. This paper proposes a novel light-weight Transformer network (LighTN) for task-oriented point cloud downsampling, as an end-to-end and plug-and-play solution. In LighTN, a single-head self-correlation module is presented to extract refined global contextual features, where three projection matrices are simultaneously eliminated to save resource overhead, and the output of symmetric matrix satisfies the permutation invariant. Then, we design a novel downsampling loss function to guide LighTN focuses on critical point cloud regions with more uniform distribution and prominent points coverage. Furthermore, We introduce a feed-forward network scaling mechanism to enhance the learnable capacity of LighTN according to the expand-reduce strategy. The result of extensive experiments on classification and registration tasks demonstrates LighTN can achieve state-of-the-art performance with limited resource overhead.
Cortisol concentrations in human milk samples at week 2 (n = 50), week 6 (n = 51) and week 12 (n = 51) postpartum.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>White circles represent outliers (>1.5× IQR). The bar on the top indicates significant differences between the cortisol concentration in milk samples taken at weeks 2 and 12 (Friedman’s non parametric repeated measures comparison followed by <i>post-hoc</i> Nemenyi tests).</p> <p>(TIF)</p>
Efficient Rational Approximation of Optical Response Functions with the AAA Algorithm

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A theoretical framework for the rational approximation of optical response functions in resonant photonic systems is introduced. The framework is based on the AAA algorithm and further allows to solve the underlying nonlinear eigenproblems and to efficiently model sensitivities. An adaptive sampling strategy exploits the predominance of resonances in the physical response. A chiral metasurface is investigated and it is shown that the chiroptical response on parameter variations can be accurately modeled in the vicinity of the relevant resonance frequencies.