jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of chronic treadmill exercise on testosterone levels in males and females

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Research into the effects of exercise on the modulation of testosterone levels in males and females has been performed in both clinical and preclinical studies. These studies have demonstrated that males tend to experience an increase in serum testosterone levels from exercise, while females do not. However, few studies have directly compared the modulation of testosterone levels between males and females under identical chronic exercise regimens and conditions. This study divides male and female rats into four separate groups to try to determine the effect a chronic treadmill exercise regimen (six weeks) on testosterone modulation, as well as the sex differences present in this modulation. The male and female rats were each equally divided into sedentary and exercise groups. In this study, blood samples were collected from male and female rats from each of the four groups. These samples were used to quantify testosterone levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) plate immunoassay. The results showed that the exercised male rats had significantly greater testosterone levels (137.2% increase) than the sedentary males. These data support the notion that chronic treadmill exercise can induce an increase in testosterone levels in male rats. In contrast, female rats did show an increase in testosterone levels (76.14%), but it was not statistically significant compared to the sedentary group. These results support the hypothesis that chronic treadmill exercise can induce an increase in serum testosterone levels and that this is a sex-specific effect. Further research is needed into the relationship between exercise and testosterone levels.
Diffusion equation representation of photon migration in tissue

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A time-dependent diffusion model of photon migration in tissue is used to develop analytic expressions for the diffusely reflected pulse detected some distance from a delta function input. Particular attention is paid to the nature of the boundary between the tissue and the surrounding nonscattering medium, and it is shown that the pulse shape is relatively insensitive to the nature of this boundary. Monte Carlo simulation and experimental results are presented which confirm the accuracy of the diffusion model. Finally, the authors show representative experimental data illustrating the solution of this inverse problem and discuss some problems in clinical implementation.< >
Erasmus Bartholin, Experiments on Birefringent Icelandic Crystal, translated by Thomas Archibald. Introduction by Jed Z. Buchwald and Kurt Moller Pedersen, with a facsimile of the original publication. Copenhagen: Danish National Library of Science and Medicine, 1991. Pp. 63 + 64. ISBN 87-7709-010-1. 160 DKK.

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Erasmus Bartholin, Experiments on Birefringent Icelandic Crystal, translated by Thomas Archibald. Introduction by Jed Z. Buchwald and Kurt Moller Pedersen, with a facsimile of the original publication. Copenhagen: Danish National Library of Science and Medicine, 1991. Pp. 63 + 64. ISBN 87-7709-010-1. 160 DKK. - Volume 27 Issue 3
The American College of Louvain

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The American College of the Immaculate Conception in Louvain (Leuven), Belgium, has been preparing young men for service as priests to the Church in North America for one hundred and fifty years. Conceived in 1857 by Martin J. Spalding, Bishop of Louisville, and by Peter Paul Lefevere, Bishop of Detroit, the seminary in its early decades took advantage of a flourishing of missionary interest and vocations in Europe to provide much needed clergy to the Church in North America. It also provided to American seminarians the opportunity to study philosophy and theology in the famed Catholic University of Louvain in preparation for priestly ministry. It has served as an intellectual, spiritual, and pastoral cradle for many of America's missionaries, pastors, and educators, and continues to do so to the present.
EVALUATION OF HYDRAULIC AND THERMAL LOSSES IN OIL PIPELINES IN COLD AREAS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This article considers the problem of reducing energy costs for transportation of oil with high paraffin content in cold areas. A theoretical calculation of the thermal losses in the oil pipeline was carried out, depending on the speed of the oil movement through the pipe, the material and the thickness of the thermal insulation, and the ambient temperature. Theoretical research of the temperature influence and the speed of oil movement on the pressure drop along the length of the pipeline was carried out. The options for maintaining the oil temperature along the length of the pipeline by installing a fuel element on the surface of the pipeline under thermal insulation in order to create a condition for blocking the heat flow from oil to the thermal insulation of the main pipeline by counter heat flow from an additional source of heat located on the inside of the thermal insulation. Although such a solution eliminates the reduction of thermal losses from thermal insulation to the environment, however, the temperature and viscosity of oil along the pipeline will not change, which ultimately leads to a reduction in hydraulic losses and energy costs for oil transportation. This caused a reduce in pressure losses in the oil pipeline, which lead to an increase in the distance between the oil pumping stations.
Synergistic Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Plant Essential Oil and Its Application in Seafood Preservation: A Review

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The synergistic potential of plant essential oils (EOs) with other conventional and non-conventional antimicrobial agents is a promising strategy for increasing antimicrobial efficacy and controlling foodborne pathogens. Spoilage microorganisms are one of main concerns of seafood products, while the prevention of seafood spoilage principally requires exclusion or inactivation of microbial activity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent studies on the synergistic antimicrobial effect of EOs combined with other available chemicals (such as antibiotics, organic acids, and plant extracts) or physical methods (such as high hydrostatic pressure, irradiation, and vacuum-packaging) utilized to reduce the growth of foodborne pathogens and/or to extend the shelf-life of seafood products. This review highlights the synergistic ability of EOs when used as a seafood preservative, discovering the possible routes of the combined techniques for the development of a novel seafood preservation strategy.
Concurrent Calculation of System of Linear Equations

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Concurrent calculation system of linear equations is a very active problem in the research area of concurrent algorithm, It is an important tache in scientific calculation of full-length project. Analgze actuality of concurrent calculation of system of linear equations is briefly introduced, the current research is colligted and it is observed, the future developmental prospects are expected, the difficulty and the challenge are suggested from aside of concurrent calculation system of linear equations—concurrent calculation of full-length discrete equations in this paper.
[Non-surgical treatment of testicular cancer: guidelines for the urologist].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Near 70% of patients diagnosed with testicular seminoma make their presentation without metastasis. Although spread at the time of diagnosis is the rule, 25% of non-seminomatous germ-cell tumours are found confined to the testicle at presentation. Standardization of diagnostic and follow-up methods -within reach of most urology services- should allow a closer relationship between urologists and testicular tumours. Observation of "aggressive" surveillance schedules for stage I non-seminomatosous tumours confined with no risk factors, and use of radiotherapy to treat low degree (I,IIa and IIb) seminomas should allow urologists an initial control of up to 50% of patients. Occurrence of relapse or presentation in advanced stages force the use of chemotherapy. The present paper outlines the most basic aspects of non-surgical treatment of patients with testicular tumours.
B195 Is erector spinae block as single anesthetic technique enough for lumbar vertebroplasty? A successful case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Aims

Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive technique and typically, these interventions involve local anaesthesia in association with moderate sedation or general anesthesia. ESB (Erector Spinae Plane Block) is an interfascial plane block with growing applications in perioperative analgesia for a number of procedures. However, there are no reports on the use of ESB as an anaesthetic technique for percutaneous spinal surgery. This report describes the application of bilateral ESB for lumbar vertebroplasty in a patient with an anticipated difficult airway.

Methods

Case description

A 65-year-old woman with difficult airway stigma presented for L3 percutaneous vertebroplasty due to a compression fracture. Avoidance of sedation was preferably, given the challenging airway conditions. Bilateral ESB was performed, using a total of 40 mL of 0.375% ropivacaine, 20 minutes prior to the beginning of surgery. Surgery proceeded successfully and no other medication was required. The recovery period was uneventful and the patient did not require additional analgesia.

Results

Discussion

The standard anesthetic technique for vertebroplasty procedure is moderate sedation or monitored anesthesia care in association with local anesthetic. However, although this is a minimally invasive procedure, patients experience significant perioperative pain. In this case, a predictable difficult airway limited the use of opioids and other respiratory depressant drugs.

Conclusions

To avoid intraprocedural discomfort, ESB proved to be sufficient anaesthesia for a successful intervention and advantageous for post-procedural pain relief. Therefore, we highlight ESB as a single, reliable and useful anaesthesia technique for percutaneous vertebroplasty when airway management might be difficult.
Literature review on the perception of agro-foods quality cues in the international environment

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Consumers look for the highest affordable food quality, given their household budgets and perceptions of product quality. Such perception is however strictly related to culturally linked variables, and the importance attached to each component of the overall quality vary greatly among countries. Different perceptions lead to different purchase decisions. This concept is even clearer for the aspects of quality that can’t be tested directly. \nConsumer goods may be divided into search, experience and credence goods, depending on when the consumer is capable of assessing their quality (before buying, after consuming or in the very long term). Most quality agro-food products, such as food with geographical indications (GIs) and low input food (LIFs), fall into the credence good category. \nThe aim of this paper is to point out how much attention is currently paid in literature (both scientific and popular: articles, papers, reports, marketing studies etc.) to the evaluation of the perceived value of such credence goods attributes for the quality food sector, and which relationships are mainly explored. \nA special attention will be paid to the situation in China.
Effects of the immunomodulating peptide from β-casein on the proliferation and apoptosis of human ovarian papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma cell line SKOV3.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective:To investigate the effects of immunommodulating peptide from β-casein(PGPIPN) on proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma SKOV3 cells.Methods:SKOV3 cells were incubated with different concentrations of PGPIPN for 24,48,72,and 96 h.Inhibitory effect of PGPIPN on SKOV3 proliferation was tested by MTT assay.Apoptotic cells and apoptotic bodies of SKOV3 cells induced with PGPIPN were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and electron micro-scopy(EM).Cell apoptotic percentage and cell cycle distribution were measured by flow cytometric assay(FCM).Results:PGPIPN inhibited the proliferation of SKOV3 cells in vitro compared with control group(P0.05).The inhibitory effects were in a time-and concentration-dependent manners.The characteristic morphological changes of apoptosis were observed by HE staining and EM in SKOV3 cells after PGPIPN treatment.FCM analysis found that the apoptotic rate was significantly different between PGPIPN-treated and control groups.The difference was significant(P0.05).The apoptitic rate reached the maximum(29.4%) in PGPIPN 3×10-4 g/L treated group.Conclusion:PGPIPN inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of ovarian papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma SKOV3 cells in vitro.
Patient Reported Outcomes of Pastoral Care in a Hospital Setting

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study aimed to establish whether Pastoral Care (PC) visits were an effective component of a hospitalized patient's overall health experience. Outcomes of PC visits were reported by 369 patients in 7 sites across Australia. The patient reported outcomes of PC visits included: the patients felt they could be honest with themselves, with a sense of peace, a better perspective of their illness, less anxiety, and felt more in control. Five factors of the PC visit significantly related to higher patient's overall outcomes: (a) having more Pastoral Care visits (p < 0.5 0 R 0.778, CI 0.17-1.38); (b) the patient was able to talk about what was on their mind (p < 0.01, OR1.48, CI 0.58-2.37); (c) they had something to be hopeful about (p < 0.01 OR1.18, CI 0.51-1.85); 4); the visit focused on decisions about the patient's health care (p < 0.05, OR0.70, CI 0.05-1.35); and (d) a belief in God/Higher Being (p < 0.01, OR 1.01, CI 0.43-1.71).
Nonintervention and Human Rights

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Long a part of the theory and practice of international politics, the principle of nonintervention has traditionally admitted few exceptions. Recently, however, arguments have been advanced that seek to expand the grounds for armed intervention to include a wide range of situations in which violations of human rights have occurred. This paper argues that although in principle the moral justification for intervention to protect human rights is broader than defenders of a strong principle of nonintervention, such as Michael Walzer, are willing to allow, the practical constraints on armed intervention are such that it can never be more than an exceptional remedy for human rights abuses.
Finite Element Analysis of Sintering Process for Functionally Graded Materials.

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

As a part of the computer aided design of functionally graded materials (FGM), a method of the sintering analysis is proposed to avoid sintering defects in graded powder compacts such as warpage, crack, separation and so on. The sintering behavior of the mixtures composed of a ceramic and a metal powder with various mixing ratios is investigated as a typical component of FGM. Variations in sintering rate due to composition of the different two powders are revealed and a constitutive model for sintering of mixed powder compacts is constructed with the effect of mixture and the interaction between the two powder regions taken into consideration. The constitutive model provides a good fit of the sintering shrinkage-time curves obtained by the experiment. The finite element analysis of the sintering process of graded powder compacts is conducted using the constitutive model. The stress generated in the powder compacts during sintering is computed to predict a fracture initiation site among the layers.
Long pulse operation of a dual frequency gyrotron for JT-60SA

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Long pulse operation of a dual frequency gyrotron for JT-60SA, which can oscillate both 110 GHz and 138 GHz waves, was started. Oscillations at ∼ 0.4 MW for 2 s (both frequencies) and 0.7 MW for 1 s (110 GHz) were obtained, so far. Temperature increase in the cavity, the output window and some components, which absorb stray radiation in the gyrotron, were measured and cavity loss power and the dielectric loss tangent of the output window were evaluated. Heat loads in the gyrotron measured so far were acceptable for long pulse operation at an output power of 1 MW.
Rating high‐throughput screening results via h‐index

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The quantification of both the impact and quality of a scientist's publication record is an essential step in making decisions concerning hiring, promotion, and allocation of funding. In an attempt to resolve this problem, Hirsh proposed the “h‐index,” a single‐number criterion incorporating both the number of publications and the number of citations per publication. This value facilitates rating of a scientist's performance and is now one of the most commonly used matrices. Here, we would like to propose the rating of high‐throughput screening (HTS) result by the h‐index. Rating HTS result is to estimate how the HTS result is preferred by a medicinal chemist. In this study, we applied the h‐index for rating HTS results and observed an enhanced rating of preferred starting points for drug development. In addition, we developed a new index, the maximum common structure (MCS) index, which is more effective than the h‐index. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How to Become a Persevering Exerciser? Providing a Clear, Future Intrinsic Goal in an Autonomy-Supportive Way

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The goal of the present study was to examine partially conflicting hypotheses derived from two motivational theories, namely self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2000) and future time perspective theory (FTPT; Lens, 2001; Nuttin & Lens, 1985). In line with SDT, it was found that framing an exercise activity in terms of future intrinsic goal attainment (focusing on health and physical fitness) has a positive effect on effort expenditure, autonomous exercise motivation, performance, long-term persistence, and even sport club membership. On the other hand, framing an exercise activity in terms of future extrinsic goal attainment (focusing on physical appearance and attractiveness) undermined those outcomes compared to a no-future-goal control group. Correlational analyses indicate that future extrinsic goal framing led to non-autonomous persistence while future intrinsic goal framing resulted in autonomously driven perseverance at the free-choice activity. In contrast to FTPT, the no-future-goal control group did not differ from a future content-free goal group, in which the general future importance of the present task was stressed. Finally, presenting those goals in an autonomy-supportive rather than a controlling way resulted in the same motivational and behavioral benefits as future intrinsic goal framing. It is discussed how future time perspective theory and self-determination theory can be reconciled and integrated.
Retinal Toxicity from Ectoparasiticide Exposure or Coincidental?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Case Report: A 42 Year old male presented with complaints of sudden painless diminution of vision in RE for 3days, after fall of ectoparasticide (DELTAMETHRIN1.25%) in Right Eye. Uncorrected visual acuity in Right eye: counting fingers at 1/2metre, Left Eye: 6/6. Anterior segment evaluation showed Right and Left eye within normal limits. Pupils were 3mm round, regular, reactive to light in OU. Dilated Fundus Examination using indirect ophthalmoscopy showed Right Eye C:D:0.5, A:V 2:3 with subretinal fluid accumulation in macula and Left Eye normal fundus picture. A diagnosis of RE Central serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) was made using Optical Coherence Tomography. Discussion: With an incidence rate of 9.9 per 100,000, or roughly six times higher than that of women, CSCR mostly affects men. Acute or subacute central vision loss or distortion is the most prevalent symptom, and it typically affects men between the ages of 20 and 50.With regard to illnesses like CSCR, this case study aims to provide clinicians with more insight into the diagnosis, treatment, and management of pesticide-induced ocular damage. Conclusion: This is rare case of retinal toxicity following exposure to Deltamethrin.For an accurate diagnosis and management of CSCR, it is imperative to comprehend its risk factors, particularly the exposure to pesticides. Emphasizing eye protection and preventative health measures will help us safeguard our vision from environmental risks such as pesticide exposure.
14 TeV pp collisions, SM type, PYTHIA8 generator: tev14pp_pythia8_gammajet_weighted

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Inclusive direct photon (gamma) production for pT>15 GeV. PDF: LHAPDF6:NNPDF23_lo_as_0130_qed and Tune:pp = 14 (Monash 2013 Tune). 10,000 events per file. How to use: The events are weighted to obtain good statistics up to large pT. This feature is set via PhaseSpace:bias2Selection and PhaseSpace:bias2SelectionPow = 5.0. Use the event weights to obtain the correct pT distribution. Slimmed as: Particle records are slimmed (all stable with pT>0.3 GeV) and (PID=5 || PID=6) or PID>22 && PID<38) or PID>10 && PID<17).
IMPACT OF THE BASELINE ANTI-A/B IGG TITER ON THE CLINICAL OUTCOME IN ABO-INCOMPATIBLE LIVER TRANSPLANTATION

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Backgrounds: The use of ABO incompatible (ABOi) living donors is an attractive solution for expanding the liver donor pool. We investigated the impact of the baseline anti-A/B IgG titer on the transplant outcomes in ABOi liver transplantation (LT). Methods: We analyzed 394 adult patients who underwent living donor LT (303 ABO compatible LT and 91 ABOi LT) between 2012 and 2018. ABOi LT patients were categorized by baseline IgG titer: low IgG titer (≤ 1:64, n=51) versus high IgG titer (≥ 1:128, n=40). All ABOi LT patients received desensitization therapy including rituximab and plasmapheresis. Results: Patients with high IgG titer experienced antibody rebound (≥ 1:64) more frequently than those with low IgG titer during the first month after LT (35.0% vs. 15.7%, P=0.033). Patient survival rates for ABO compatible, low IgG titer, and high IgG titer were 85.0%, 91.5%, and 74.4%, respectively, at 3 years post-transplantation (P=0.006). High IgG titer (HR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.39-5.48; P=0.004) and MELD score of >20 (HR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.22-4.41; P=0.010) were independent risk factors for mortality. Infection was the leading causes of death in all groups, but the proportion was significantly higher in high IgG titer group than in other groups (81.8% vs. 30.8% vs. 33.3%). Conclusion: Patients with high IgG titer (≥ 1:128) are associated with a higher risk of death after ABOi LT than those with low IgG titer (≤ 1:64). Thus, ABOi LT patients with high IgG titer should be managed with great care.