jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON COFFEE POWDER AND IT'S HEALTH BENEFITS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This paper presents a comprehensive review of coffee powder, covering various aspects such as flavor profiles, brewing techniques, health benefits, and environmental considerations.Coffee powder, derived from roasted coffee beans, is a staple beverage enjoyed worldwide for its rich taste and stimulating effects.The review explores the diverse flavor profiles of different coffee varieties, including Arabica and Robusta, highlighting factors such as origin, roast level, and processing methods that influence taste.Additionally, the paper examines popular brewing methods like espresso, French press, and pour-over, discussing their impact on flavor extraction and overall coffee experience.Furthermore, the review delves into the health benefits associated with coffee consumption, such as increased alertness, improved cognitive function, and potential protective effects against certain diseases.However, it also addresses concerns regarding excessive caffeine intake and suggests moderation for optimal health outcomes.Moreover, the environmental implications of coffee production, including deforestation and waste generation, are discussed, along with sustainable practices to mitigate these issues.Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of coffee powder, serving as a resource for coffee enthusiasts, professionals, and policymakers alike.
Numerical Studies of Transport Properties in Heterogeneous Food Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The current computer simulation based study aims to elucidate the complex role that the state of aggregation and morphology of the food materials plays in determining their transport behaviour. Using Brownian dynamic simulations, applied to colloidal systems, we simulate the compression of two different dense layers of nanoparticles (with reversible and irreversible bonds), at interface, at three different compression rates. We determine the desired transport coefficient for these structures using a novel technique, originally proposed by Torquato and Kim (1990). This method allows us to consider complex structures in our study, for which calculations of effective transport coefficients using conventional methods, like finite elements and finite difference, would be relatively difficult. We first validate our algorithm by comparing its results with those of exact calculations, for different regular lattices. Our results are in excellent agreement with the theory. The variation in the transport coefficient of nano-particle monolayers during the compression, are also correlated with the build up of stress and changes in the structure of the films.
THE DEFENSIVE REACTIONS OF ANIMALS INFECTED WITH SPIROCHAETA PALLIDA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tacrolimus as prophylaxis for acute graft-versus-host disease in reduced intensity cord blood transplantation for adult patients with advanced hematologic diseases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of reduced-intensity unrelated cord-blood transplantation (RICBT) in adult patients with advanced hematological diseases. Experimental Design: Thirty-four patients (median age, 56 years; range, 24-68 years and median body weight, 57; range 40-75 kg) with advanced hematological diseases underwent RICBT at Toranomon Hospital between November 2002 and May 2005. Preparative regimen comprised fludarabine 25 mg/m2 on days −7 to −3, melphalan 40 mg/m2 on day −2 to −1, and 4 Gy total body irradiation on day −1. G-CSF was used from day −1 to neutrophil engraftment. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis comprised tacrolimus alone. Results: The underlying diseases were acute myeloid leukemia (n = 12), myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 3), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 3), myeloproliferative disorders (n = 4), malignant lymphoma (n = 5), adult T-cell leukemia (n = 6), and severe aplastic anemia (n = 1). HLA disparities were 5 match (n = 1) and 4 match (n = 33). Median infused total cell dose was 2.4 × 107 /kg (range, 1.6-4.8 × 107/kg). Thirty-one patients achieved primary neutrophil engraftment after a median of 20 days. Cumulative incidence of complete donor chimerism at day 60 was 94%. Grade II-IV acute GVHD occurred in 45% of patients, with median onset 36 days. Main regimen related toxicity was diarrhea as gut toxicity (grade I; n = 19, grade II; n = 5). Finally 4 patients (12%), including 3 patients died before neutrophil engraftment, died within 100 days of transplant due to TRM (CNS complication; n = 2 and sepsis; n = 2). Primary disease recurred in 12 patients. Estimated 2-year overall survival was 70%. Fifteen patients displayed PER (median onset, day 9), in which the manifestations included high-grade fever without infections, eruption, and body weight gain. The symptoms disappeared spontaneously without use of corticosteroid treatments and serum concentration of tacrolimus at transplantation affected the incidence of PER. Discussion: GVHD prophylaxis in adult CBT is mostly cyclosporine, and the TRM ranges 27-52%. In contrast, TRM in the present study with tacrolimus was 12%, which was lower than those in previous reports. Furthermore the PER in RICBT with tacrolimus was lower incidence and severity than cyclosporine. This study suggests the possibility that intensification of GVHD prophylaxis may decrease TRM after RICBT and improve the prognosis. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the feasibility of RICBT in adults.
Common Type 2 Diabetes Risk Gene Variants Associate with Gestational Diabetes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective: We aimed to examine the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 11 recently identified type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci. Research Design and Methods: Type 2 diabetes risk variants in TCF7L2, CDKAL1, SLC30A8, HHEX/IDE, CDKN2A/2B, IGF2BP2, FTO, TCF2, PPARG, KCNJ11, and WFS1 loci were genotyped in a cohort of women with a history of GDM (n = 283) and glucose-tolerant women of the population-based Inter99 cohort (n = 2446). Results: All the risk alleles in the 11 examined type 2 diabetes risk variants showed an odds ratio (OR) greater than 1 for the GDM group compared with the control group ranging from 1.13 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88–1.46] to 1.44 (95% CI 1.19–1.74) except for the WFS1 rs10010131 variant with OR 0.87 (95% CI 0.73–1.05). Combined analysis of all 11 variants showed a highly significant additive effect of multiple risk alleles on risk of GDM [OR 1.18 (95% CI 1.10–1.27)] per risk allele, P = 3.2 × 10−6). Applying receiver-operating characteristic showed an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.62 for the genetic test alone and 0.73 when combining information on age, body mass index, and genotypes of the 11 gene variants. Conclusions: The prevalence in a prior GDM group of several previously proven type 2 diabetes risk alleles equals the findings from association studies on type 2 diabetes. This supports the hypothesis that GDM and type 2 diabetes are two of the same entity.
Stable Level of Giant Sarcomeric Cytoskeletal Proteins in Striated Muscles of the Edible Dormouse Glis glis during Hibernation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The changes in the content of the giant sarcomeric cytoskeletal proteins titin (3000–3700 kDa) and nebulin (770 kDa) in skeletal muscles (m. soleus, m. gastrocnemius), and titin in the left ventricular myocardium, as well as of the submembrane cytoskeletal protein dystrophin (427 kDa) in m. soleus and m. extensor digitorum longus (EDL), have been studied in the edible dormouse Glis glis during hibernation. The animals were divided into two experimental groups: “Summer activity” and “Hypothermia”. It was found that the development of atrophic changes in the skeletal muscles of hibernating animals is accompanied by a decrease in the dystrophin content. Specifically, the fluorescence intensity in skeletal muscle cross sections labeled with primary antibodies to dystrophin and Alexa Fluor® 488 conjugated secondary antibodies decreased in animals of the “Hypothermia” group by 2.7 times (p < 0.05) and 2.0 times (p < 0.05) in m. soleus and m. EDL, respectively. SDS electrophoresis of proteins in agarose-strengthened macroporous 2.2%-polyacrylamide gel revealed an insignificant decrease (by 15%, p ≤ 0.01) in the titin content compared to the myosin heavy chain content in m. gastrocnemius of animals of the “Hypothermia” group. The titin content in m. soleus and cardiac muscle, as well as the nebulin content in m. soleus and m. gastrocnemius, did not decrease during hibernation. These results are consistent with our previous data for other hibernators: long-tailed ground squirrel, brown and Himalayan black bears. It can be assumed that during evolution, hibernating animals developed the molecular mechanisms responsible for maintaining a stable level of giant sarcomeric cytoskeletal proteins during hibernation.
Genetic Operator based Binary Chaotic Grey Wolf Optimizer for Feature Selection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In today's world, enormous data is generated through various IT devices. It is tedious and complex to process these data for extracting useful information. Feature selection (FS) plays a meaningful role in selection of highly relevant features from high dimensional dataset. The presented paper introduces a wrapper-based FS technique that integrates chaotic map (CM), genetic crossover operator (CR) and mutation(M) with binary Grey Wolf optimizer (BGWO) called CBGWO, to tackle FS problem. To increase the efficiency of the proposed approach for the FS domain, three crossover operators have been used: one-point, two-point, and uniform. To validate the effectiveness of proposed method eleven well-known UCI datasets is utilized for experiment and comparison is carried out with other well known literature.The results obtained from the proposed methods has optimal performance than the other baseline appraoches, especially when using binary chaotic GWO with uniform crossover.
Estimating the Prevalence of Ecstasy Use Among Juvenile Offenders

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

To date, no studies have examined Ecstasy use among criminal justice populations. Focusing on individuals under criminal justice supervision is useful because "new" illegal drugs will typically take root in a criminal population before diffusing to the general population. In the current study, self-report drug use data and urine specimens were collected from 209 juvenile offenders surveyed through Maryland's Offender Population Urinalysis Screening (OPUS) Program. Prevalence estimates are generated and associations between Ecstasy use, demographic characteristics, and alcohol and other drug use are explored. Sixteen percent of the sample reported using Ecstasy within the past 12 months, an estimate almost three times as high as grade school and high school students surveyed through the Monitoring the Future survey. Compared to nonusers. Ecstasy users were significantly more likely to be female (45% versus 20%, p < 0.01), White (82% versus 22%, p < 0.001), and out of school (39% versus 20%, p < 0.05). Associations were also found between Ecstasy use and the use of other drugs. These findings suggest that the recent use of Ecstasy among juvenile offenders is higher than estimated use in the general student population, and that youthful offenders may represent an important population for potential intervention.
Secure and robust audio watermarking scheme based on discrete fractional transform

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The traditional transform domain watermarking schemes are insecure for publicity characteristic of transform itself. Aimming at this, a secret discrete fractional Sine transform (DFRST) domain audio watermarking scheme is proposed in this paper. The undeterminate angle of DFRST is utilized and the security of the proposed scheme is enhanced using chaotic sequences. Experimental results show the proposed secure scheme is imperceptible and robust against various signal processing attacks.
Worlds apart : interactions between local initiatives and established policy. PhD Thesis (PhD).

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Describes interactions between policy makers and coialitions of private actors such as citizens, enterprises and researchers. Even though 'policy makers' are generally associated with formal government bodies, all of the above mentioned actors are in fact policy makers. This study goves three examples from Biesland Polder (Zuid-Holland), Grensschap Albertkanaal (Zuid-Limburg) en Loonsche Zand (Natuurmonumenten, Noord-Brabant)
NUCLEAR-CHICAGO CORPORATION

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNUCLEAR-CHICAGO CORPORATIONCite this: Anal. Chem. 1968, 40, 8, 97APublication Date (Print):July 1, 1968Publication History Published online22 May 2012Published inissue 1 July 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60264a787RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views3Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (82 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Yield and water use efficiency for zucchini squash under two methods of irrigation water application

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Egypt is currently seeking to implement a plan to rationalize water consumption in all sectors. As the agricultural sector consumes about 85% of Egypt's water resources, therefore new irrigation application methods must be searched to rationalize water use by increasing the irrigation efficiency. Field experiment was conducted to compare two water application methods to calculate the requirements of water for squash (Cucurbita pepo, L. var. Hybrid Revera) during the summer of season 2019. Two methods of irrigation water application were used and adapted to conditions of drip irrigation system: (i) method A using estimation of the reference evapotranspiration by using method of weather factors-dependent Penman-Monteith. (ii) method B is the water depletion from the soil, which depends on the water properties of soil. Crop water needs, yield, water use efficiency and the irrigation water amount lost by deep percolation were determined. The results showed that the irrigation method which dependent on the soil water properties has positive effects on the squash production compared to method A. Moreover, the highest value of water use efficiency was obtained by method B which was 5.31 kg m-3, while its value for method A was 4.33 kg m-3. Also, the highest yield was obtained by method B which was 15970.10 kg ha-1, while the productivity under method A was 15492.69 kg ha-1. In addition, the highest values of lost water through deep percolation (14.82 %) were detected with method A. Generally, method of irrigation soil-based was more accurate in calculating the amount of irrigation water added and had clearly positive effects on growth, yield and water use efficiency of squash compared to a climate-dependent irrigation method.
Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) induces the differentiation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The collagen content of the rainbow trout heart increases in response to cold acclimation, and decreases with warm acclimation. This ability to remodel the myocardial extracellular matrix (ECM) makes these fish useful models to study the cellular pathways involved in collagen regulation in the vertebrate heart. Remodeling of the ECM in the mammalian heart is regulated, in part, by myofibroblasts which arise from pre-existing fibroblasts in response to transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1). We have previously demonstrated that treatment of cultured rainbow trout cardiac fibroblasts with human TGF-β1 causes an increase in collagen production. Here we show that repetitive treatment of rainbow trout cardiac fibroblasts with a physiologically relevant concentration of human recombinant TGF-β1 results in a ∼29-fold increase in phosphorylated small mothers against decapentaplegic 2 (pSmad2); a 2.9-fold increase in vinculin protein, a 1.2-fold increase in cellular size and a 3-fold increase in filamentous actin (F-actin). These are common markers of the transition of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Cells treated with TGF-β1 also had highly organized cytoskeletal alpha-smooth muscle actin, as well as increased transcript abundances of mmp-9, timp-2, and col1a1. Furthermore, using gelatin zymography, we demonstrate that TGF-β1 treatment causes a 5.3-fold increase in gelatinase activity. Together, these results demonstrate that trout cardiac fibroblasts have the capacity to differentiate into myofibroblasts and that this cell type can increase extracellular collagen turnover via gelatinase activity. Cardiac myofibroblasts are, therefore, likely involved in the remodeling of the cardiac ECM in the trout heart during thermal acclimation.
COST AND BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC MULCHING AND INTERCROPPING IN MAIZE CULTIVATION

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of this article was to investigate the effect of different mulching and intercropping techniques in maize cultivation with particular focus on weed control, using a randomized complete block design with four replicates to determine the financially optimum method.Field experiment was performed at two different geographical locations which were Nkakom, Nwabiagya District in the Ashanti region of Ghana and Changchun, Jilin-China during 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons, respectively.The experiment consisted of 4 treatments which were control (no mulch), maize (Zea mays L.) straw-maize, green gram (Vigna radiate)-maize intercrop and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)-maize intercrops.Measured agronomic parameters were weed biomass, maize yield and legume yields.Green gram-maize intercrop recorded the lowest weed biomass and the control (no mulch) recorded the highest weed biomass.There were no significant differences between maize yields measured.Economic analysis of data was carried out with partial farm budgeting.The highest financial net return was obtained in the green gram-maize intercrop whiles the lowest was recorded in control (no mulch) treatment at the two different geographical locations.
Highly Conductive Films Through PEDOT‐PSS Ink Formulation via Doping Using Spontaneous Wicking of Liquids for Supercapacitor Applications

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A novel electrode fabrication method based on liquid doping of PEDOT‐PSS onto PET‐G film by drop casting is reported. A dispersed liquid‐PEDOT‐PSS solution is prepared as an ink by a liquid doping synthesis method. The EG/DMSO:PEDOT‐PSS solution is then drop cast onto oxygen plasma‐modified PET‐G films for electrode fabrication. Their surface topography and electrochemical characteristics are characterized. The results show that the prepared electrode material has an electrical conductivity of 11661.7 and 11528.8 S m −1 for EG‐ and DMSO‐treated PEDOT‐PSS films, respectively. Ink formulation achieves unprecedented conductivity via spontaneous liquid wicking. The specific capacitance is 134 F g −1 at a scanning rate of 5 mV s −1 and 309.6 F g −1 at a scanning rate of 20 mV s −1 for EG and DMSO‐treated PEDOT‐PSS films, respectively, on the three‐electrode system while specific capacitance for pristine PEDOT‐PSS calculated at 80 mV s −1 is 4.6 F g −1 . PEDOT‐PSS films are engineered for superior supercapacitor performance through liquid wicking. Moreover, the results of Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Raman spectroscopy measurements confirm that the removal of PSS on the surface is due to liquid–liquid doping. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis proves the expulsion of PSS molecules from the solution interface. Therefore, the die‐cast PET‐G‐PEDOT‐PSS electrode is a promising candidate for advanced supercapacitor applications.
Monitoring de l'activité via l'utilisation de capteurs domotiques

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The aging of the population in the coming decades raises new challenges in order to help elderly people live longer at home, independently and safely. The emergence of assistive technologies, and in particular home automation devices and sensor networks open up new opportunities to ease the interactions between the elderly and their environment, and to monitor their health status remotely. In particular, the home automation sensors record information on the activity in the home and make it possible to assess autonomy and well-being. In this thesis, we focus on the mining of the data recorded by such sensor networks. We focus more particularly on the discovery of habits. Indeed, the daily routines help maintain autonomy. We thus propose unsupervised data mining algorithms for the discovery and description of periodic behaviors. A particular attention is paid to the inclusion and characterization of the variability inherent in human life. We also propose strategies for the real-time knowledge discovery and update. The interactions with the human supervisor (physician, caregiver, family member) have also been studied, which lead to the design of a supervision model, combining sequence mining with expert knowledge allows a custom monitoring, tailored to the exact expectations of the supervisor. All of these contributions are evaluated on real-life datasets from the literature. These contributions opens the way towards innovative methods for the monitoring of isolated individuals, in particular thanks to the personalized adaptation of the home, anomaly detection, or the analysis of the evolution of habits and heath status.