jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Process Harmonization across Remote Sites

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Corporate Technology Development Center (CT DC) within Siemens is spread across 5 countries in Central Eastern Europe (CEE) and multiple cities across India. The primary activities are centered on software development for products and solutions across all four Siemens sectors. With this global setup, the CT DC is able to offer to the Siemens Sectors services covering the full SW development life-cycle, both as "near-shoring" services - mainly from Central Eastern Europe - as well as "off-shoring" - typically from the big low cost locations in India. For CEE being relatively closer to the headquarters in Germany, the business processes and challenges there are quite different from that in India with its different structures and local environment. Further differences are regulatory requirements, languages, projects, expertise, culture, etc. Despite of these disparities, it was felt that it makes a lot of sense to identify areas where these two organizations could learn, use synergies and benefit from each other. This paper elaborates the approach taken in harmonizing the best of both worlds. The entire harmonization exercise was focused on 4 major categories - trainings, processes, tools and knowledge management. The paper describes each category in detail. In a nutshell, the paper describes our approach for process harmonization across remote sites as a "Best Practice" example for other corporations having a similar situation. Typical collaboration methods adopted in this project were regular telcos, supplemented by face to face meetings after every few months, sharing articles in our periodic internal magazines, etc. The first results and most important achievements obtained include the definition of a common set of Key Process Indicators (KPIs), a harmonized training concept, roll-out of a uniform customer management process and related tool, and a consistent career landscape with common roles and responsibilities across the entire CT DC.
Dynamic Holographic Optical Tweezers: Transforming Mesoscopic Matter with Light

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Holographic optical tweezers use forces exerted by computergenerated holograms to capture, move, sort, and transform objects ranging in size from tens of nanometers to hundreds of micrometers. Holographic optical tweezers can be arranged in arbitrary three-dimensional configurations. Each trap in an array can be imbued with unique properties, such as the ability to exert controlled torques as well as forces, by appropriately engineering the beams' wave fronts. This presentation introduces holographic optical trapping as a new technique, and highlights two applications: sorting mesoscopic objects with arrays of optical traps (optical fractionation) and driving microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) with arrays of optical vortices.
BRRSLAU, AS I REMEMBER IT.*

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article BRRSLAU, AS I REMEMBER IT. Get access W. N. GOLDSMITH W. N. GOLDSMITH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 76, Issue 11, 1 November 1964, Pages 453–458, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1964.tb15483.x Published: 01 November 1964
Multi-organ Segmentation from Abdominal CT with Random Forest based Statistical Shape Model

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

An automatic multi-organ segmentation method from upper abdominal CT image is proposed in this paper. A group of statistical shape models for multiple organs are generated by learning the statistical distribution of organs' shapes and intensity profiles. Then, a random forest regression model is trained to find the candidate position to initialize the statistical shape model. The proposed method is evaluated at segmentation of four abdomen organs (spleen, right kidney, left kidney and liver) from training set of 26 cases of upper abdominal CT images. The accuracy shows that the initialization improves the accuracy for statistical shape model-based segmentation.
Separation of catalyst from Fischer-Tropsch slurry

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In a catalytic process for converting synthesis gas including hydrogen and carbon monoxide to hydrocarbons and oxygenates by a slurry Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, the wax product along with dispersed catalyst is removed from the slurry and purified by removing substantially all of the catalyst prior to upgrading the wax and returning a portion to the Fischer-Tropsch reaction. Separation of the catalyst particles from the wax product is accomplished by dense gas and/or liquid extraction in which the organic compounds in the wax are dissolved and carried away from the insoluble inorganic catalyst particles that are primarily inorganic in nature. The purified catalyst free wax product can be subsequently upgraded by various methods such as hydrogenation, isomerization, hydrocracking, conversion to gasoline and other products over ZSM-5 aluminosilicate zeolite, etc. The catalyst particles are returned to the Fischer-Tropsch Reactor by slurring them with a wax fraction of appropriate molecular weight, boiling point and viscosity to avoid reactor gelation.
Conservation Biology

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The objective of the “Glossary of terms used in ecotoxicology” is to give clear definitions for those who contribute to studies relevant to ecotoxicology but are not themselves ecotoxicologists. This objective applies especially to chemists who need to understand the ecotoxicological literature without recourse to a multiplicity of dictionaries. The glossary includes terms related to chemical speciation in the environment, sampling, monitoring, and environmental analysis, as well as to adverse ecological effects of chemicals, ecological biomarkers, and the environmental distribution of chemicals. The dictionary consists of about 1139 terms. The authors hope that among the groups who will find this glossary helpful, in addition to chemists, are pharmacologists, toxicologists, ecotoxicologists, risk assessors, regulators, medical practitioners, and regulatory authorities. In particular, the glossary should facilitate the use of chemistry in relation to environmental risk assessment.
[Comparative study on the pharmacological activities of protizinic acid and various non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (author's transl)].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The potency of anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic activities of a new anti-inflammatory agent, (10-methyl-7-methoxy-2-phenothiazinyl)-2-propionic acid (protizinic acid, PRT), was compared with those of various known non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents in 5 experimental models. The ED30 of PRT in carrageenin edema with oral administration was 18.0 mg/kg and its potency was third following indomethacin (IM) and diclofenac sodium (DF), among the 15 agents tested. The ED50 of PRT in ultraviolet erythema with oral administration and the IC50 in protein denaturation were 1.07 mg/kg and 0.89 X 10(-5)M, respectively and the activities were the most potent among all agents. The IC50 of PRT in platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid was 5.55 X 10(-5)M and the rank of potency was sixth following to IM, DF, flufenamic acid, aluminium and ranked fifth following azapropazone, MF, alclofenac, metiazinic acid (MA), except for basic agents, mepirizole, benzydamine hydrochloride and tiaramide hydrochloride. Thus, PRT seemed to have a relatively weak ulcerogenic activity in contrast to potent anti-inflammatory activity. Also, PRT was superior to MA, an analogue of PRT, in potency of anti-inflammatory activity, in all experimental models.
Tokugawa Isolation, Commerce, and Industry, 1603–1868

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Tokugawa period, also known as the Edo period, began in 1603 and continued until 1868, when Japan finally ended her policy of isolationism. This was the last of Japan's feudal shogunates. The founder of the dynasty, Ieyasu Tokugawa, emerged victorious from a series of great civil war battles that raged during the end of the sixteenth century. Tokugawa established his military government at the small village of Edo, located at the head of what is now Tokyo Bay. Over the next several decades, Edo grew rapidly, in part due the edict of the third Tokugawa shogun, which dictated that all 270 of Japan's clans build and maintain residences at the capital. Right up until 1862, clan leaders were required to keep their families at Edo all year, while they themselves had to spend every other year at their country estates overseeing agricultural production. With about half of Japan's lords in court attendance in any one year, the town soon grew to be a great commercial as well as political center. The richest lords brought thousands of retainers with them to Edo and required all kinds of services, from fresh food to new clothing and housing, paper and glass, leather goods and weapons, and many more.KeywordsRice CropComparative HistoryJapanese BusinessFeudal LordCommercial EconomyThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Morphological, cytological, and flavonoid variability of the Arnica angustifolia aggregate (Asteraceae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Arnica angustifolia aggregate is a circumpolar taxon previously consisting of a number of geographically distinct infra-specific taxa. Cluster and principal component analyses of 99 populations revealed the aggregate to be best represented by two subspecies: A. angustifolia subsp. angustifolia (a combination of the previously recognized subspecies angustifolia, attenuata, sornborgeri, intermedia, iljinii, and alpina and A. plantaginea) and A. angustifolia subsp. tomentosa. Arnica angustifolia subsp. angustifolia is polymorphic and varied in ploidy level and foliar flavonoid chemistry. No significant differences were found among the means of 14 characters in plants collected from six broadly delimited geographic areas. Four cytotypes (2n = 38, 57, 76, and 95) and seven flavonoid glycosides (five flavonols and two flavones) were discerned. The aggregate is predominantly agamospermous with amphimictic phases in unglaciated Alaska and west central Yukon. Disjunct distributions are probably the result of survival in refugia during the late Wisconsinan.
Adrenal Disorders and the Paediatric Brain: Pathophysiological Considerations and Clinical Implications

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Various neurological and psychiatric manifestations have been recorded in children with adrenal disorders. Based on literature review and on personal case-studies and case-series we focused on the pathophysiological and clinical implications of glucocorticoid-related, mineralcorticoid-related, and catecholamine-related paediatric nervous system involvement. Childhood Cushing syndrome can be associated with long-lasting cognitive deficits and abnormal behaviour, even after resolution of the hypercortisolism. Exposure to excessive replacement of exogenous glucocorticoids in the paediatric age group (e.g., during treatments for adrenal insufficiency) has been reported with neurological and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities (e.g., delayed myelination and brain atrophy) due to potential corticosteroid-related myelin damage in the developing brain and the possible impairment of limbic system ontogenesis. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), a disorder of unclear pathophysiology characterised by increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, has been described in children with hypercortisolism, adrenal insufficiency, and hyperaldosteronism, reflecting the potential underlying involvement of the adrenal-brain axis in the regulation of CSF pressure homeostasis. Arterial hypertension caused by paediatric adenomas or tumours of the adrenal cortex or medulla has been associated with various hypertension-related neurological manifestations. The development and maturation of the central nervous system (CNS) through childhood is tightly regulated by intrinsic, paracrine, endocrine, and external modulators, and perturbations in any of these factors, including those related to adrenal hormone imbalance , could result in consequences that affect the structure and function of the paediatric brain. Animal experiments and clinical studies demonstrated that the developing (i.e., paediatric) CNS seems to be particularly vulnerable to alterations induced by adrenal disorders and/or supraphysiological doses of corticosteroids. Physicians should be aware of potential neurological manifestations in children with adrenal dysfunction to achieve better prevention and timely diagnosis and treatment of these disorders. Further studies are needed to explore the potential neurological, cognitive, and psychiatric long-term consequences of high doses of prolonged corticosteroid administration in childhood.
Brandenburg-Prussia and the Central German Courts

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Such were the terms in which Michael Altenburg ol Erfurt (1584–1640), a pastor and composer, described the flourishing musical culture of central Germany before the devastation of the Thirty Years War (1618–48).1 Even later, however, when the country had recovered from the damage inflicted by the war, the population of central Germany found an intrinsic part of their intellectual identity in music, so that Wolfgang Carl Briegel (1626–1712), court Kapellmeister of Gotha, thought it proper to state proudly: The noble land of Saxony is to be praised above others, more particularly because the Divine Service in public worship is conducted there with both choral and figural singing2 in so fine and sprightly a manner. Leaving aside the excellent music now found in the famous cities of Saxony, it is well known that there are few villages in that noble land that do not have a little organ in their church, as well as other musical instruments, with which they praise God most diligently. Young people there are very well versed in music: on Sundays and feast days music is made not only choraliter but also figuraliter, and very often in tiny villages, so that it is a joy and a wonder to hear it.3 KeywordsMusical GenreInstrumental MusicMusical CultureMusical TalentVocal MusicThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
The Functions of Human Monocytes in Normal Subjects and in Disorders Associated with Immune Deficiency

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Human peripheral blood monocytes were tested for various functions. It was found that 63–70% of monocytes from 12 normal subjects phagocytized either <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> or latex particles; 28% of Staphylococcus organisms exposed to cells were phagocytized in 1 h and 67% were killed within 2 h; 59% of phagocytizing cells reduced NBT; 77% of endocytosed rabbit gammaglobulin was catabolized in 18 h. In Hodgkin’s disease, sarcoidosis and severe pulmonary tuberculosis, phagocytic and bactericidal capacity was decreased in one third to two thirds of cases, while catabolism of gammaglobulin was reduced less often and metabolism was practically unmodified. By contrast, phagocytic and bactericidal capacity were practically normal in the common variable form of agammaglobulinemia, while gammaglobulin was catabolized at a low level in all cases. There was no relationship between the functional disorders of monocytes and alterations of lymphocyte stimulation. These results indicate that mononuclear phagocytes may have intrinsic alterations of functions which can result in deficient defense mechanisms and/or immune response.
Türk ergenlerinde risk alma davranışlarını yordayan değişkenler.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of the present study is to examine the role of several demographic and personality characteristics of Turkish adolescent risk takers. More specifically, how well gender, age, sensation-seeking, self-esteem, and locus of control predict adolescent risk-taking behavior was examined in this study. Participants were between the ages of 15-19, from two Anatolian high schools and a general lycee in Ankara. They were given four different instruments to fill out -Modified Risk Involvement and Perception Scale (M-RIPS), Arnett Inventory of Sensation-Seeking (AISS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Rotter Internal-External Locus of Control Scale (IELOC)- and a demographic data form which was developed by the researcher (n = 867). Involvement subscale of the Risk Involvement and Perception Scale was adapted to Turkish culture by the researcher. A standard multiple regression analysis was conducted to evaluate how well sensation-seeking, self-esteem, locus of control, age, and gender predicted the risk-taking behaviors of adolescents. Results of the study indicated that except self-esteem, all other variables were significantly related to Turkish adolescent risk-taking behaviors. Gender and sensation-seeking were the most predictor variables in explaining adolescent risk-taking. The results also indicated that older male adolescent high sensation seekers who have external locus of control were more likely to engage in various risk-taking behaviors. Theoretical and practical implications, and recommendations for future research were presented.
Nonlinear optical coupling to planar GaAs/AlGaAs waveguides

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Nonlinear optical coupling to planar GaAs/AlGaAs waveguides has been observed at 1.06 μm using a grating coupling technique. At an input intensity of 100 MW/cm2, intensity dependent nonlinear switching to the waveguide mode occurs. The results indicate a fast nonlinear response time.
S110 Pulmonary Rehabilitation Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) vs Matched Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD): Abstract S110 Table 1

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction

Pulmonary rehabilitation is an effective intervention for patients with COPD. There is now also good evidence of benefit for patients with ILD We have compared the outcome of the same PR programme in patients with COPD and ILD.

Methods

Patients with various forms of ILD (predominantly IPF or UIP) were matched with the same number of COPD patients for baseline MRC grade and for age. All patients had completed the same 7 week, 14 visit hospital based out patient PR program. Outcome Measures and desaturation during exercise were compared between the two groups.

Results

51 ILD patients, age range 34–85, mean initial MRC grade 3.5(0.94), 30 male were compared with 51 COPD patients, age range 47–85, mean baseline MRC grade 3.5(0.94), 31 male.

Discussion

Our PR program produced clinically important improvements in ISWT and all domains of the CRDQ for COPD patients. ILD patients produced a smaller mean change in ISWT although this was not statistically significant between the groups. ILD patients also showed smaller changes in all domains of the CRDQ although again this was not statistically significant between the groups. The improvement in ESWT was similar in both groups. Desaturation during the baseline ISWT was more severe in the ILD group regardless of oxygen usage and despite a marginally higher pre-exercise value. This may account for the lower ISWT value seen in these patients. PR produces measurable improvements in both groups of patients. Interpretation is hampered by a lack of defined MCID values for ILD patients.
African Pianism as an Intercultural Compositional Framework: A Study of the Piano Works of Akin Euba

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The musical landscape in Nigeria has continued to witness the emergence of new musical idioms. These new idioms range from those that are practiced within the contexts of religious worships (both Christian and Islamic) to those that are performed as part of social ceremonies and in concert halls. The advent of both the Western-Christian and the Arabic-Islamic cultures in Nigeria has provided part of the basis for the emergence of many of these new idioms. The objective in this study is to focus on modern Nigerian art music, one of such new idioms. Specifically, we shall be studying the piano works of Akin Euba, one of the leading Nigerian composers of Art music. The phrase "modern Nigerian art music," as used in this article, refers to the works of Nigerian composers that are conceived in or influenced by the tradition of Western classical music. 1
Voltage threshold adjustments for a novel pulsed-field ablation catheter with integrated mapping capabilities: lessons from a case series

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Accurate electroanatomical mapping relies on voltage thresholds to differentiate electrically inactive areas, fibrotic scar, and healthy myocardium. These thresholds have been well established for high-density mapping catheters with small, closely spaced electrodes. However, the optimal voltage thresholds for a novel pulsed-field ablation catheter with integrated mapping capabilities remain unclear. This case series evaluates different voltage thresholds for the variable-loop circular catheter (VLCC, Varipulse, Biosense Webster) compared with a dedicated high-density mapping catheter (Octaray, Biosense Webster). Case summary Four patients undergoing left atrial catheter ablation—including pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), posterior wall ablation, and ablation for scar-related atrial flutter—were mapped using both the VLCC and Octaray catheter. The key findings include: (i) standard voltage thresholds for high-density catheters overestimate voltage in scarred and ablated tissue when applied to the VLCC, necessitating adjusted voltage settings; (ii) the VLCC effectively identified PVI and reconnections, posterior wall isolation, anterior wall scarring, and atrial flutter circuits; and (iii) while the VLCC identified areas of scar, its representation remained less precise compared with high-density mapping. Discussion This case series demonstrates that the VLCC provides satisfactory mapping performance in common use cases but requires voltage threshold adjustments for accurate visualization. Despite its ability to detect ablation endpoints, scar characterization remains less accurate. Further quantitative analysis of electrogram differences and a prospective evaluation in a larger patient population are necessary to determine the optimal voltage thresholds for this catheter.