jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Static rotational and sagittal knee laxity measurements after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose The goal of the present study was to evaluate static anteroposterior and rotational knee laxity after ACL reconstructions with two noninvasive measurement devices by comparing the measured results of the operated with the contralateral healthy knees of the patients. Methods Fifty‐two consecutive patients were reviewed after isolated single‐bundle transtibial ACL reconstruction using a BPTB graft. At a mean follow‐up of 27 months, sagittal AP laxity was tested using a noninvasive knee measurement system (Genourob) with an applied pressure of 67 N, 89 N and 134 N. Rotational laxity was measured using a noninvasive rotational knee laxity device (Rotameter) with an applied torque of 5, 8 and 10 Nm. The results were compared with the measurements of the patients’ healthy contralateral knees. Tegner, Lysholm and IKDC score were used in order to evaluate the clinical outcome. Results Pivot shift was negative (33) or glide (16) in 49 patients with 12 of 16 (75%) patients having also a pivot glide on the healthy contralateral side; Lachman tests were negative in 50 cases. Subjective assessment of the IKDC score was classified according to category A in 44 patients, B in 5 patients and C in 3 patients. Mean Lysholm score was 94.5 ± 9.5, median Tegner score was 7 (3–9) preoperative and 6 (3–9) at follow‐up (n.s.). Anteroposterior knee laxity measurements revealed mean side‐to‐side differences of 0.6–1.3 mm ( P < 0.0001). Rotational laxity measurements revealed no statistical significant differences between the operated and the contralateral knee (n.s.). The measured differences in the entire rotational range varied from 0.2° to 1° depending on the applied torque. In those 3 patients with a positive pivot shift, differences in the entire rotational range of 4.5° at 5 N, 4.6° at 8 N and 4.1° at 10 N were found. Conclusion Static knee laxity was quantified after ACL surgery using the introduced noninvasive measurement systems by comparing the measured results of the operated with the contralateral healthy knees. Significant differences were found in AP laxity although they were defined as clinically successful according to the IKDC classification. No significant differences were found in rotational knee laxity measurements. Therefore, the used noninvasive masurement devices might offer a high potential for objective quality control in knee ligament injuries and their treatment. Level of evidence Retrospective case series, Level IV.
Alterations and Their Significances of T Lymphocytes Subsets,Ts Function in Preoperation and Postoperation of Patients with Gastric Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To evaluate alterations of num ber and function of T lymphocytes subsets preoperationally and postoperationally in patients with g astric cancer.Method Ts function and T lymphocytes subsets leve ls were detected respectively by 3H-TdR and direct immunofluorescence technique in 3 8 patients with gastric cancer.And the results of different time points were com pared with.Results Ts function of patients with gastric cnacer, whether preopera tion or postoperation,was remarkable higher than that of the normal(P0.01),however,no significant difference was seen between the preoperation and postoperation(P0.05). CD 4/CD 8 was significant depress ed (P0.001) in the preoperation.After surgical removal of tum or,CD 4 was depressed at beginning of postope ration,followed increased,and CD 8 level increased slightly,CD 4/CD 8 was res tored to the level of preopera tion in 9～12 days postoperatively.The study on association between postoperativ e infection and variation of CD 4 showed that the rate of infection was 43.5% i n the patients with CD 4 depression and 13.3% in CD 4 increassion in 2～3 days postoperatively.Conclusion The cellular immunity was significa nt lower in pati ents with gastric cancer.The surgical removal of tumor was favourable for restor ation of the immune function,but the surgical lesion could result in some degre e of immune suppression,and it was positive correlation with postoperative infection.
Hard pellicle study for 157-nm lithography

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Identifying a functional pellicle solution for 157-nm lithography remains the most critical issue for mask technology. Developing a hard pellicle system has been a recent focus of study. Fabrication and potential pellicle-induced image placement errors present the highest challenges to the technology for meeting the stringent error budget for manufacturing devices in the 65-nm regime. This paper reports the results of a comprehensive proof-of-concept study on the state-of-art hard pellicle systems, which feature 800-mm thick modified fused silica pellicles and quartz frames. Pellicles were fabricated to ensure optical uniformity and flatness. Typical intrinsic warpage of these pellicles was close to the theoretical limit of 4.0 mm under a gravitational load. Quartz frames had bows less than 1.0 mm. The advantage of quartz frames with matched thermal expansion was demonstrated. An interferometric facility was developed to measure the flatness of the mask and pellicle system before and after pellicle mounting. Depending on the mounting process as well as mounting tool characteristics and techniques, variations were observed from pellicle to pellicle, mount to mount, and mask to mask. A redesign of the mounter and mounting process has significantly improved pellicle flatness. Finite element models were also generated to characterize the relative importance of the principal sources of pellicle-induced photomask distortions. Simulation results provide insightful guidance for improving image quality when employing a hard pellicle.
The Individualized Management Approach for Acute Poisoning

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Acute poisoning is a widespread emergency that mandates early management decisions for optimal outcomes. An individualized approach is an ideal way to provide those outcomes. Promoting awareness among healthcare professionals managing acute poisoning about the importance of incorporating the pharmacokinetics and following certain criteria to consider interventions such as activated charcoal, antidote, or specific investigations may improve their risk assessment strategies and management plans. To address the main aspects that should be considered to develop a customized poisoning management plan, we conducted this review based on relevant publications recovered by a careful search in PubMed. Our opinions as experts from the King Saud University (KSU) Drug and Poison Information Center (DPIC) were considered in the review.
ARTHROPOD DIVERSITY LOSS DUE TO MONOCULTURE PRACTICE IN SOUTH LAMPUNG, INDONESIA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

It has been widely known that animal biodiversity is higher in ‘more natural’ environment than agricultural system. Arthropod is one of phyla in animalia kingdom which member includes 90% of identifiable animal species and their diversity can act as bioindicator of environment health. The objective of this study is to compare arthropod diversity in mixed plantation, pasture, and monoculture plantation in South Lampung, Indonesia. Forty pitfall traps were set at 1 m interval in each area. Mixed plantation has the highest diversity index and the lowest dominance. Our result suggested that land-use change from natural environment, which is reflected by mixed plantation, into pasture and monoculture plantation has reduced arthropod diversity in South Lampung.
Users’ Perceptions of Technological Features in Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) in Fashion Retailing: A Qualitative Content Analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This study explores users’ perceptions of technological features in augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of technologies (e.g., AR vs. VR) in fashion retailing. The findings are presented from a qualitative approach and content analysis of focus group interviews. Users’ perception of AR technological features consisted of 5 dimensions: augmentation, user control, vividness, responsiveness, and simplicity. Users’ perception of VR technological features consisted of 4 dimensions: telepresence, simulator sickness, visual discomfort, and user control. Practical implications for the application of mixed reality technology in fashion venues are discussed: for AR technology as a part of shopping tools, the advantages of control and simplicity should be taken seriously; for VR, an immersive experience as the main pros facilitated by telepresence, while sickness, followed by visual discomfort as the main simulator cons. This research offers valuable and useful insights into AR and VR as antecedents from the technological aspect and helps marketers develop and formulate new solutions for the application of AR and VR in fashion retailing.
Raman studies on Y1-xNdxBa2Cu3O7−δhigh Tcsuperconductors

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We have studied in detail the temperature dependence of the Raman bands corresponding to the CuO2 planar vibrations in Y1-x Nd x Ba2Cu3O7−δ. For x < 0.4, the ∼ 340 cm−1 phonon has main interaction with superconducting electrons and the observed phonon anomaly at low temperature can be well explained by the Zeyher-Zwicknagle theory, but for x > 0.6 the main interaction of the phonon seems to be with (Nd3+) 4f electrons and an additional mechanism based on the interaction with the crystal field excitation seems to contribute to the double peak splitting anomaly of the phonon at low temperature.
Propositional Dynamic Logic with Program Quantifiers

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We consider an extension QPDL of Segerberg-Pratt's Propositional Dynamic Logic PDL, with program quantification, and study its expressive power and complexity. A mild form of program quantification is obtained in the calculus μPDL, extending PDL with recursive procedures (i.e. context free programs), which is known to be Π11-complete. The unrestricted program quantification we consider leads to complexity equivalent to that of second-order logic (and second-order arithmetic), i.e. outside the analytical hierarchy. However, the deterministic variant of QPDL has complexity Π11.
A multi-agent genetic algorithm for resource constrained project scheduling problems

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

A multi-agent genetic algorithm is proposed to solve single-mode resource constrained project scheduling problems (MAGA-RCPSPs). In MAGA-RCPSPs, an agent represents a candidate solution to the RCPSP, and all agents live in a latticelike environment, with each agent fixed on a lattice point. In the experiments, benchmark problems Patterson and J30 are used. The results show that MAGA-RCPSPs has a good performance.
The Model of a Physiotherapy Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Current professional and higher educational curriculum reforms demand the implementation of Choice-Based Credit System (CBCS).In India, the University Grants Commission (UGC) has notified about use CBCS.Some health sciences universities have started its implementation but not much attempts were made in designing a BPTh syllabus as per CBCS framework.We wanted to propose a model BPTh syllabus to fit into choice-based credit system. METHODSA desk review of all information related curriculum was conducted by using a data abstraction sheet.A model BPTh syllabus prototype for CBCS was designed based on the national and international guidelines, recommendations of statutory and governing national and international organisations. RESULTSSemester based BPTh syllabus was designed without changing the norms of four-and half-year degree course.All the must-to-know areas of the theory, practical, tutorial, project/dissertation, were considered as "core" areas and the desirable and nice to know areas are left for "electives" by the students.Physiotherapy specific teaching, learning, and evaluative methods are included in the curriculum. CONCLUSIONSThe existing BPTh syllabus can be effectively modified based on the national and international guidelines, recommendations of statutory and governing national and international organisations, for choice-based credit system.The proposed model focuses required changes that are needed for adoption of CBCS without neglecting or reducing the weightage of any core subject.
Superstretchable and Tough Physical Cross-Linking Hydrogels with Dual pH and Temperature Responsiveness for In Vivo Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus-Infected Wounds

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Developing a single hydrogel with comprehensive wound healing functions is challenging. We developed a composite hydrogel wound dressing with thermal and pH responsiveness, demonstrating antibacterial and biocompatible properties in rats with Staphylococcus aureus-infected wounds. Sodium alginate cross-linked by Ca2+ served as the continuous phase, while thermosensitive poly(isopropylacrylamide), laponite, lecithin, gelatin, and antibacterial ZIF-8 supported by tannic acid-induced Ag nanoparticles formed the dispersed phase. This hydrogel exhibits impressive mechanical properties, including >3100% breaking elongation and 0.5 MJ/m3 toughness, able to withstand 56 times its own weight, highlighting its ductility and ability to prevent structural damage in animal models. It also demonstrates excellent thermoresponsive self-contraction and tissue adhesion, promoting wound closure. Biochemically, it supports wound healing with temperature-dependent drug release, anti-infection, and antioxidation properties. In vivo studies on S. aureus-infected skin defects show accelerated wound closure, increased granulation tissue thickness, collagen deposition, and vascularization, demonstrating its potential as an effective wound dressing.
ChemInform Abstract: A Five‐Membered Enantiopure Cyclic Nitrone from Malic Acid by Regioselective Oxidation of Cyclic Hydroxylamine. Synthesis of (1S,7S, 8aR)‐Octahydro‐1,7‐dihydroxyindolizine.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Thioredoxin Reductase Was Nitrated in the Aging Heart After Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The age-related loss of anti-oxidant defense reduces recovery from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/R) in aged people. Our previous data showed that inactivation of thioredoxin (Trx) was involved in enhanced aging MI/R injury. Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), the enzyme known to regulate Trx, is less efficient with age. The aim of the current study was to determine why TrxR activity was reduced and whether reduced TrxR activity contributed to enhanced aging MI/R injury. Both Trx and TrxR activity were decreased in the aging heart, and this difference was further amplified after MI/R. However, MI/R injury did not change TrxR expression between young and aging rats. Increased nitrogen oxide (NOx) but decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability (decreased phosphorylated vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein) was observed in aging hearts. Peroxynitrite (ONOO − ) was increased in aging hearts and was further amplified after MI/R. TrxR nitration in young and aging hearts was detected by immunoprecipitation (anti-nitrotyrosine) followed by immunoblotting (anti-TrxR). Compared with young hearts, TrxR nitration was increased in the aging hearts, and this was further intensified after MI/R. The ONOO − decomposition catalyst (FeTMPyp) reduced TrxR nitration and increased TrxR and Trx activity. More importantly, FeTMPyp attenuated the MI/R injury in aging hearts as evidenced by decreased caspase-3 and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and increased cardiac function. Increased ONOO − nitrated TrxR in the aging heart as a post-translational modification, which may be related to the enhanced MI/R injury of aging rats. Interventions that inhibit nitration and restore TrxR activity might be a therapy for attenuating enhanced MI/R injury in aging heart.
Using the Neandertal and Denisova Genetic Data to Understand the Common MAPT 17q21 Inversion in Modern Humans

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The polymorphic inversion on 17q21, that includes the MAPT gene, represents a unique locus in the human genome characterized by a large region with strong linkage disequilibrium. Two distinct haplotypes, H1 and H2, exist in modern humans, and H1 has been unequivocally related to several neurodegenerative disorders. Recent data indicate that recurrent inversions of this genomic region have occurred through primate evolution, with the H2 haplotype being the ancestral state. Neandertals harbored the H1 haplotype; however, until now, no data were available for the Denisova hominin. Neandertals and Denisovans are sister groups that share a common ancestor with modern humans. We analyzed the MAPT sequence and assessed the differences between modern humans, Neandertals, Denisovans, and great apes. Our analysis indicated that the Denisova hominin carried the H1 haplotype, and the Neandertal and Denisova common ancestor probably shared the same subhaplotype (H1j). We also found 68 intronic variants within the MAPT gene, 23 exclusive to Denisova hominin, 6 limited to Neandertals, and 24 exclusive to present-day humans. Our results reinforce previous data; this suggests that the 17q21 inversion arose within the modern human lineage. The data also indicate that archaic hominins that coexisted in Eurasia probably shared the same MAPT subhaplotype, and this can be found in almost 2% of chromosomes from European ancestry.
Riding the Tide Toward the Digital Era: The Imminent Alliance of AI and Mental Health in the Philippines

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

From a public health perspective, this opinion article discusses why it is necessary to integrate Artificial Intelligence (AI) into the mental health practices in the Philippines. The use of AI systems is an optimum solution to the rising demand for more accessible, cost-efficient, and inclusive healthcare. With the recent developments, the Philippines is deemed to have sufficient capacity to adopt this agendum. This article serves as a call for the introduction of advanced detection tools and predictive analytics in the medical field, especially in the mental health discipline.
Exact Solutions of Ablowitz—Ladik Hierarchy with Self-Consistent Sources Revisited and Reductions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In the paper, Ablowitz—Ladik hierarchy with new self-consistent sources is investigated. First the source in the hierarchy is described as φnφn+1, where φn is related to the Ablowitz—Ladik spectral problem, instead of the corresponding adjoint spectral problem. Then by means of the inverse scattering transform, the multi-soliton solutions for the hierarchy are obtained. Two reductions to the discrete mKdV and nonlinear Schrödinger hierarchies with self-consistent sources are considered by using the uniqueness of the Jost functions, as well as their N-soliton solutions.
The Rise of Artificial Intelligence

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Our inventions defined the work we engaged in for centuries; created new industries and employment opportunities around them. They, however, had often unforeseen consequences that affected the way we lived, interacted with each other, and redefined our societal rules. The established narration portrays the impact of major technological leaps in civilization on employment as temporary disruptions: Many finds themselves without employment taken away from them by efficient, laborsaving inventions, but, in the long run, through gradual adaptations, improved education and gaining higher qualifications, everyone benefits. In this chapter, the authors explore the impact of the rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) in relations to the labor market. The authors argue that this rather optimistic, even naïve scenario, collapses while confronted with the exponential growth of AI; in particular, with the potential arrival of syneoids – robotic forms of “strong AI” possessing, or even exceeding, the full range of human cognitive abilities.
[His bundle pacing : the pursuit of physiologic ventricular stimulation].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Traditional right ventricular pacing has been pursued for decades. As the deleterious effects of long-term right ventricular pacing have become evident, there is growing interest in a more physiological type of pacing like His bundle pacing. As it engages conduction over the His-Purkinje system, His bundle pacing results in normal electrical activation of the ventricles and avoids dyssynchrony (and its negative effects on left ventricular function) in the long term. This pacing technique has become a routine procedure at the University Hospital of Geneva. This article overviews our experience with His bundle pacing and aims to familiarize the reader with this novel pacing technique that will be increasingly used in their patients.
Satisfying a Simplex Structure is Simpler Than it Should Be: A Latent Curve Analysis Revisit

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article is concerned with the utility of the structural equation modeling (SEM) methodology for studying change. Two broad classes of models are considered, individual and group change models. The relationship between the constant rate of change and simplex models, as popular representatives of either class, is examined. Both models are shown to be special cases of the comprehensive latent curve analysis (Meredith & Tisak, 1990). Sensitivity of its models to differences in individual growth curves is demonstrated on data from Rogosa and Willett (1985a). Benefits of studying longitudinal change using SEM and related issues of model choice are discussed.
Hydrogen peroxide selectively increases paracellular leak pathway permeability of renal epithelial cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Increased paracellular solute flux is observed in several renal pathogenic processes characterized by oxidative stress. We undertook a study to examine the effect of H 2 O 2 treatment, as a model of oxidative stress, on paracellular permeability of two renal epithelial cell lines, LLC‐PK 1 and MDCK. Both the pore pathway (small ions; TransEpithelial Resistance (TER)) and leak pathway (large solutes; calcein flux) were monitored. MDCK monolayer calcein flux was much lower than LLC‐PK 1 monolayer calcein flux. In contrast, MDCK monolayer TER was about 2‐fold lower than LLC‐PK 1 monolayer TER. Sublethal H 2 O 2 produced a concentration‐dependent increase in calcein flux in both renal cell lines. In contrast, TER only decreased at H 2 O 2 concentrations that increased cell death. H 2 O 2 treatment did not produce a marked change in total contents of multiple tight junction proteins nor in their distributions between Triton X‐100‐soluble and –insoluble fractions, although treatment may have produced a modest decrease in Triton X‐100‐insoluble ZO‐2 content. Surprisingly, occludin overexpression impaired and occludin knockdown modestly enhanced the ability of H 2 O 2 to increase transepithelial calcein flux. H 2 O 2 treatment produced a transient activation of src Family Kinases (SFKs). SFK inhibitors, but not inactive analogs, attenuated the H 2 O 2 ‐induced increase in calcein flux. (Supported by institutional funds)