jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of a 4-Week Plyometric Training on the Jumping Performance of Basketball Players / Wee Eng Hoe,Floreta Mudah and Tan Chee Hian

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study examined the effect of 4-week plyometric training programme on the jumping \nperformance of undergraduate male basketball players. A total of 20 basketball players from \nthe inter-faculty game at a public university were selected to participate in this study. The \nsubjects were aged 20-23 years (mean = 21.3 + 1.12). Convenience sampling was used to \nselect the students and subsequently randomly assigned to the control (n=10) and \nexperimental (n=10) groups. Both groups were trained according to the compulsory training \nprogramme three times a week for four weeks. Additional plyometric training was provided \nto the experimental group, twice a week on non training days. The Vertec equipment (VER \nVertec Jump Trainer) was used to measure the vertical jumping ability of the subjects. Control and \nexperimental groups showed significant improvement in the mean vertical jump scores \nduring the post-test as compared with the pre-test (t= -2.45; p < 0.05; and t=-21.00; p<0.05 \nrespectively). Experimental group exhibited greater improvement (11.17%) as compared to \nthe control group (2.12%). In short, plyometric training improved the jumping performance \nof basketball players and it is recommended to be used as a training strategy in improving \njumping performance not only in basketball but in other sport as well.
Band-steaming for intra-row weed control

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Steaming the soil prior to crop sowing has the potential of eliminating weed seedling emergence completely. Thus, steaming might be a perspective technique for intra-row weed control in non-herbicidal row crops of high value, where manual weeding can be very laborious. This paper presents some preliminary results with the effects of steaming on weed seedling emergence. The work is part of a joint project involving both biological and technical aspects of steaming. The overall objective is to develop an applicable technique for applying steam in bands corresponding to the intra-row area of a row crop. Band-steaming is expected to use much less energy as compared to current steaming techniques for arable usage.
Performance of a New Convective Parameterization Scheme on Model Convergence in Simulations of a Tropical Cyclone at Grey-Zone Resolutions

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The latest version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRFV3.5) is used to evaluate the performance of the Grell and Freitas (GF13) cumulus parameterization scheme on the model convergence in simulations of a tropical cyclone (TC) at gray-zone resolutions. The simulated TC intensity converges to a finite limit as the grid spacing varies from 7.5 to 1 km. The reasons for the model convergence are investigated from perspectives of subgrid-scale processes and thermodynamic and dynamic structures. It is found that the impacts of above factors are notably different with varying model resolutions. The convective heating and drying increase as the grid spacing decreases, which inhibits the explicit microphysical parameterization preventing the simulated TC from overly intensifying. As the grid spacing decreases from 7.5 to 5 km, the TC intensity increases because of a stronger secondary circulation, a larger magnitude and proportion of strong eyewall updraft, and a greater amount of latent heating in the eyewall. As the grid spacing decreases from 5 to 3 km, the radius of maximum wind (RMW) decreases and the radial pressure gradient increases leading to an increase in TC intensity. The simulated TC intensity changes slightly as the grid spacing decreases from 3 to 1 km since the RMW and the storm structure both change little. The slight changes in the simulated TC intensity at such high resolutions indicate a great model convergence. Therefore, the GF13 presents an appropriate option that increases the model convergence in the TC intensity simulation at gray-zone resolution.
Hypnotic action and residual effects of a single bedtime dose of temazepam.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The hypnotic action and residual effects of a single bedtime dose of 7-chloro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2(3H)one (temazepam, Planum) were investigated in young, healthy adults. Two different doses of the drug (20 or 30 mg) or placebo were administered as soft-gelatin capsules 30 min before bedtime. Motor activity was recorded by a wrist-worn activity monitor. In comparison to placebo both doses of temazepam reduced night-time motor activity, an effect that was significant only for the first half of the night. After temazepam subjects rated their sleep as deeper and more quiet. A dose of 30 mg caused increased ratings of "grogginess" in the morning and at noon. There was no evidence for rebound insomnia in the 3 nights following drug intake. The results indicate that temazepam 20 mg in young adults has a reliable hypnotic effect without significant residual sequelae.
Human context recognition with reduced feature space vectors for resource constraint gadgets

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to determine the minimal features to train classification algorithms pertaining to context recognition using data collected from accelerometer sensor in smartphones. A detailed experimental evaluation of various time and frequency domain features on raw accelerometer sensor data collected from smartphones leads to the most influential minimal collection that aid in recognizing human context in resource constraint gadgets. To substantiate the study, four classifiers, namely, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Artificial Neural Network and Long Short Term Memory Recurrent Neural Networks are trained on six activities - Sitting, Standing and lying (sedentary activities), Walking, Walking Upstairs and Walking Downstairs (dynamic activities). The raw accelerometer values from UCI public dataset and the data collected from Android application is used to build classification model. Classifier performance on both datasets showed 90% accuracy with four features taken over each axes of 3-axis accelerometer.
Conformational\nProperties of Poly(A)-Binding Protein\nComplexed with Poly(A) RNA

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Microscopic\nunderstanding of protein–RNA interactions is\nimportant for different biological activities, such as RNA transport,\ntranslation, splicing, silencing, etc. Polyadenine (Poly(A)) binding\nproteins (PABPs) make up a class of regulatory proteins that play\ncritical roles in protecting the poly(A) tails of cellular mRNAs from\nnuclease degradation. In this work, we performed molecular dynamics\nsimulations to investigate the conformational modifications of human\nPABP protein and poly(A) RNA that occur during complexation. It is\ndemonstrated that the intermediate linker domain of the protein transforms\nfrom a disordered coil-like structure to a helical form during the\nrecognition process, leading to the formation of the complex. On the\nother hand, disordered collapsed coil-like RNA on complexation has\nbeen found to transform into a rigid extended conformation. Importantly,\nthe binding free energy calculation showed that the thermodynamic\nstability of the complex is primarily guided by favorable hydrophobic\ninteractions between the protein and the RNA.
Comparison of l and dl forms of folinic acid in Gercor C96.1 trial (A phase III trial comparing bimonthly LV5FU2 to monthly high-dose 5FU-leucovorin in patients with Dukes’ B2 and C colon cancer)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e15004 In C96.1 study (André T et al; J Clin Oncol. 2007 20;25:3732–8), patients were randomized to either monthly 5FU-LV hd (dl LV 200 mg/m 2 or l LV 100 mg/m 2 15 min iv followed by 5FU 400 mg/m 2 15 min iv, d1–5 q4 wk) or LV5FU2 (dl LV 200 mg/m 2 or l LV 100 mg/m 2 2-hour infusion followed by iv bolus 5FU 400 mg/m 2 and 22 hours continuous infusion 600 mg/m 2 , d1 and d2 q 2 wk). Form l LV was administered to 60% (n=519) of patients and dl LV to 40% (n=357) of patients. It was unknown in 29 patients. No randomization was made between form l or dl (It was the choice of each center). The aim of this analysis was to compare the 2 LV forms in term of safety and efficacy. Important prognostic characteristics were well balanced between the 2 groups. The proportion of any grade III-IV toxicity was 20% in l form and 17% in dl form. There was no difference in term of toxicity between the two groups, except a trend for more diarrhea grade 3–4 in form l (8% in l form vs 4% in dl form, p=0.07). The median follow-up time was 6.2 years in l form and 6.0 years in dl form. There were no statistically significant differences between l and dl forms in term of disease free survival (33.3% vs 32.8% of patients with at least one event in l and dl forms respectively, hazard ratio=1.03, 95% CI=[0.82–1.31], p=0.78). In term of overall survival, there was a trend without statistical significance in favor of l form (21.8% vs 25.5% of patients who died, hazard ratio=1.28, 95% CI=[0.97–1.69], p=0.078). We conclude that the toxicity profile is similar between the two forms (excepted diarrhea). The difference in overall survival should not be attributed to folinic acid form as no difference was observed on DFS. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Ecological genetics of freshwater fish: short review of the genotype-phenotype connection

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Molecular ecology or ecological genetics is an expanding application of population genetics which has flourished in the last two decades but it is dominated by systematic and phylogeographic studies, with relatively little emphasis on the study of the genetic basis of the process of adaptation to different ecological conditions. The relationship between genotype and adaptive phenotypes is weak because populations are often difficult to quantify and experiments are logistically challenging or unfeasible. Interestingly, in freshwater fish, studies to characterize the genetic architecture of adaptive traits are not as rare as in other vertebrate groups. In this review, we summarize the few cases where the relationship between the ecology and genetics of freshwater fish is more developed, namely the relationship between genetic markers and ecological phenotypes
Conclusion

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Good science fiction creates dream worlds that give us a novel look at ourselves, drawing attention to aspects of human life that usually go unnoticed. Perhaps it is not surprising, then, that political thinkers have occasionally turned to fantastic technologies in order to frame a particular question or issue in an especially penetrating light. Plato invokes the story of Gyges's Ring in order to strip away all of the ancillary benefits that accrue to the person who has a reputation for being virtuous, forcing us to consider whether ethical conduct is good in itself, while, at the same time, inviting us to contemplate whether we could resist the temptation of absolute power exerted with complete impunity. For those who reject Plato's argument in favor of self-restraint and its appeal to intrinsic goodness, the Ring's supernatural powers simply cast into bold relief the crucial importance of visibility in keeping our propensity for self-aggrandizement in check. For one of our contemporary Hobbesians (David Gauthier), who rejects the very idea of intrinsic goodness, it is only our visibility, our transparency, that stands between us and the nightmare depicted in the Leviathan.1 KeywordsInvisible HandTransparent ConditionAncillary BenefitMutual AdvantageIntrinsic GoodnessThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates and errors by International accounting standards IAS/IFRS and in national accounting legislation in the Czech Republic by business enterprises

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The article is focused on the International accounting standard IAS 8 - accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates and errors. These questions are examined in the comparison with accounting legislation in the Czech Republic. The article contains three case studies, and their solutions by both above mentioned methods, it contains the recommendations of the author for Czech national legislation.
Performance Evaluation Of Multi-User Detection In Cdma Using Micro-Genetic Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Two main problems of multi-user communication systems are the multiple access interference (MAI) and the near-far effects. While the near-far effect problem can be approached by applying power control, the MAI problem requires individual receivers to identify the desired signal from interferences thus making multi-user detector a popular area of research. Genetic algorithms (GA) is a search and optimization technique that works by estimating multiple solutions in order to come with the best estimated solution. GA works iteratively over a population of solutions using crossover and mutation to simulate a potential solution. In this paper we examine the performance of a micro-genetic algorithm-based multi-user detector. Our simulation shows that /spl mu/GA achieves a performance close to an optimal detector.
Pedotransfer functions for predicting soil-water retention under Brazilian Cerrado

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The objective of this work was to determine pedotransfer functions to predict water retention at the -33 and -1500 kPa matric potentials of soils under Cerrado, in the south of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Samples (n=156) were collected for model calibration (n=124) and validation (n=32). A stepwise multiple regression was used to determine pedotransfer functions. Willmott’s index of agreement, root-mean-square error, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and the confidence index were used to evaluate the performance of the functions and to compare them with those described in the literature. The most efficient variables to estimate water retention were: microporosity, total sand, and clay at -33 kPa; and total sand, silt and clay at -1500 kPa. The regional pedotransfer functions explained more than 94% of water retention variance in the studied soils. The reliability of the functions to predict water retention increased, at -33 kPa, with the use of the structural property microporosity and, at -1500 kPa, with the use of granulometric parameters. The studied regional pedotransfer functions predict water retention at the -33 and -1500 kPa matric potentials of soils under Cerrado, in southern Mato Grosso, better than the functions described in the literature.
An Overview of Recent Sinkhole Problems in the Lehigh Valley, Pennsylvania

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A series of dramatic sinkhole collapses along the Bushkill Creek in Northampton County, Pennsylvania have resulted in the collapse of a bridge span, damage to a railroad bridge/abutment, and residential properties along the creek. The sinkhole collapses have resulted in a major disruption of traffic, utility services, as well as a significant health and safety hazard. Continual growth of the Bushkill sinkholes have also significantly increased costs to replace the collapsed bridge span and has adversely affected property values in the area. An overview of the unique municipal, private, state and federal governmental effort to develop a long-range stabilization program is presented. A review of the geology and origin of sinkholes in the Lehigh Valley region of Pennsylvania is presented.
Recombinant activated factor VII controls chemotherapy-related hemorrhage in patients with solid intra-abdominal tumors: a report of three pediatric cases.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa; NovoSeven, Novo Nordisk, Bagsvaerd, Denmark) is used predominantly for the treatment of bleeding in patients with hemophilia and inhibitors, and in patients with traumatic injury. There are also literature reports of its use in chemotherapy-related bleeding in leukemia patients and intra- or postoperative bleeding in patients with solid tumors. We describe three pediatric patients where rFVIIa was successfully used to manage bleeding following the failure of conventional hemostatic treatments during chemotherapy for intra-abdominal tumors (hepatoblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and non-classified malignant sarcoma). Recombinant FVIIa proved effective and maintained hemostasis in two of three cases, with no evidence for toxic or adverse events in any of the treated patients.
Ottoman Egypt in the mid eighteenth century- local interest groups and their connection with and rebellions against the sublime Porte and resistance to state authority

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research is an attempt to understand the relations between the Ottoman imperial government and the local administrators of Egypt, namely the mamluk beys. Gaining more financial and political power, they commenced to challenge the authority of the Ottoman governor of Egypt in the mid-eighteenth century alongside the incessant struggles between each other. Using a variety of Ottoman archival documents and contemporary narrative sources, I examine the factors behind the mamluk beys’ authority expansion that resulted in uprising of Ali Bey al-Kabir (Bulutkapan). \nThroughout the dissertation I pursue two arguments, which address key issues in Ottoman political historiography. The first argument concerns with the underlying causes of the mamluk beys’ extended authority. I show that short-tenured governors encountered with financially and politically powerful local components, which may be considered as a result of the decentralized administration system of the Ottoman Empire. Mamluk beys’ ambition to accumulate more financial income led them to contact European consuls directly in order to open Suez trade for them. \nThe second argument concerns the centre-periphery relations of the Ottoman Empire. I show that, although they gained power and challenged the pasha, the mamluk beys did not establish an autonomous administration during the eighteenth century. The Ottoman Empire managed the short-term uprising of Ali Bey quickly by taking due precautions. \n
First Principles of the Classical Mechanics and the Foundations of Statistical Mechanics on the Example of a Disordered Spin System

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study the classical multicomponent disordered 3D spin system taking into account the temperature of the medium in the framework of the model of nearest neighbors. The latter allows the 3D problem with a cubic lattice to reduce to the 1D Heisenberg spin glass problem with a random environment. Using the Hamilton equations of motion, a recurrent equation is obtained that connects three spins in successive nodes of 1D lattice, taking into account the influence of a random environment. This equation, together with the corresponding conditions of a local minimum energy in nodes, allows to construct node-by-node a stable spin chains and, accordingly, to calculate all parameters of statistical ensemble from the first principles of classical mechanics, without using any additional assumptions, in particular, the main axiom of statistical mechanics – the equiprobability of statistical states. Using the example of 1D Heisenberg spin glass model, the features of the new approach are studied in detail and the statistical mechanics of the system are constructed without using the standard representation of the partition function (PF).
Acute sedation-associated complications in GI endoscopy (ProSed 2 Study): results from the prospective multicentre electronic registry of sedation-associated complications

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives Sedation has been established for GI endoscopic procedures in most countries, but it is also associated with an added risk of complications. Reported complication rates are variable due to different study methodologies and often limited sample size. Designs Acute sedation-associated complications were prospectively recorded in an electronic endoscopy documentation in 39 study centres between December 2011 and August 2014 (median inclusion period 24 months). The sedation regimen was decided by each study centre. Results A total of 368 206 endoscopies was recorded; 11% without sedation. Propofol was the dominant drug used (62% only, 22.5% in combination with midazolam). Of the sedated patients, 38 (0.01%) suffered a major complication, and overall mortality was 0.005% (n=15); minor complications occurred in 0.3%. Multivariate analysis showed the following independent risk factors for all complications: American Society of Anesthesiologists class >2 (OR 2.29) and type and duration of endoscopy. Of the sedation regimens, propofol monosedation had the lowest rate (OR 0.75) compared with midazolam (reference) and combinations (OR 1.0–1.5). Compared with primary care hospitals, tertiary referral centres had higher complication rates (OR 1.61). Notably, compared with sedation by a two-person endoscopy team (endoscopist/assistant; 53.5% of all procedures), adding another person for sedation (nurse, physician) was associated with higher complication rates (ORs 1.40–4.46), probably due to higher complexity of procedures not evident in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions This large multicentre registry study confirmed that severe acute sedation-related complications are rare during GI endoscopy with a very low mortality. The data are useful for planning risk factor-adapted sedation management to further prevent sedation-associated complications in selected patients. Trial registration number DRKS00007768; Pre-results.
Reference intervals for transthoracic echocardiographic measurements in adult Dachshunds.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to establish reference values for 2D and M-mode measurements in Dachshunds. Basic echocardiographic data, including M-mode, 2D and spectral Doppler mea- surements, was collected, analyzed and compared between 41 healthy Dachshunds and 50 other healthy dogs of similar weight. Echocardiographic reference intervals were prepared for Dachs- hunds. Dachshunds had a smaller left ventricular diameter in diastole and systole and a thicker septum than other dog breeds. Male Dachshunds had larger diastolic and systolic left ventricular diameter than females. Reference intervals for 2D and M-mode measurements in healthy Dachs- hunds differ from other dogs of similar weight and should be used for this breed to assess cham- ber enlargement.
Adaptable Redesign of Existing Equipment Responding to Unanticipated Environment Changes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Complex equipment usually needs to be designed according to a working environment, for example Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM). But the environment can change in an unanticipated way, which usually leads to inferior performance for equipment and ultimately results in a great loss. Thus how to rapidly respond to unanticipated environment changes (UEC) is an important issue to be resolved for existing products. This paper discusses the adaptable redesign of existing equipment, which performs adaptation or adding new components in existing equipment, avoids redesigning or remanufacturing new equipment so as to quickly meet expected performance requirements. For a complex equipment with many interrelated parameters, there might exist couplings and even contradictions in the redesign. And it is difficult for engineers to determine how changes in certain parameters affect the system performance. The key issues of the redesign are discussed including function-structure analysis, structure change propagation prediction and contradiction resolving. The design issue is analyzed in an existing TBM responding to unanticipated ground changes.