jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Integrated Unit Development Model Construction for Middle School Level Based on National Standard Gifted Education Program Standards

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

목적 이 연구는 영재학급이나 영재교육원에서 국가표준 영재교육프로그램 기준을 반영하여 탈학문적 통합단원을 개발하는 모형을 제시하는 데 목적을 두었다. 방법 김대현(2021)이 제시한 통합단원 개발 모형을 기반으로 하되, 국내·외의 영재와 통합교육과정 전문가가 제시한 이론과 사례들을 철저히 분석하고, 수차례의 시험 과정을 거쳐서 통합단원 개발 모형을 구축하였다. 결과 탈학문적 통합단원의 모형은 통합단원 개발의 목적 설정, 국가표준 영재교육프로그램 기준의 스캔과 클러스터를 통한 통합단원 개발의 잠정 목표 설정, 통합단원의 유형 결정, 통합단원의 조직 중심의 잠정 결정, 국가표준 영재교육프로그램 기준과 연관하여 조직 중심의 확정, 통합단원의 목표 수정, 브레인스토밍을 통한 통합의 하위 주제 생성, 하위 주제별 통합단원의 스코프와 시??스의 잠정 결정, 통합단원의 크기 결정, 통합단원의 목적 반영을 통한 스코프와 시??스의 확정, 통합단원의 평가기준 마련, 통합단원에서 중심적인 교수·학습방법의 선택 등으로 이루어진다는 점을 밝혔다. 결론 국가표준 영재교육프로그램 기준에 바탕을 두고 실효성있는 통합단원 개발과 운영을 하기 위해서는 교사역량 개발, 시간, 공간, 예산, 문화, 제도 등의 개선이 요구된다.
Effect of Modification in Flow Distributor Valve Geometry on the Pressure Drop and Chamber Pressures, in Numerical and Analytical Way, in ORBIT Motor HST Unit

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, an attempt has been made to analyze the effect of spool port/ groove geometry on the pressure drop and chamber pressures which effect the performance parameters of the flow distributor valve. The work mainly involves formulation of detailed mathematical model of the valve and compare them on the same platform. For mathematical modelling, Matlab has been used. The size of the orifices is considered same throughout the model for better comparison. Initially the construction and functioning of flow distributor valve along with working principles of hydrostatic motor (Rotary Piston) is shown. Next shown the analytical analysis of area change and pressure drops due to different geometry of the spool valve ports. After that the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis has been shown. A complete mathematical model to describe such flow distributor valve is developed after having a comprehensive knowledge of orifice characteristics, flow interactions based on valve geometry. Equations of flow through different orifices (fixed and variable area) of the valve have been developed based on the relationships obtained earlier.
Antisocial behavior in children and adolescents: A developmental analysis and model for intervention.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

A Brief History of the Oregan Model, Gerald R. Patterson et al The Early Development of Coercive Family Process, Gerald R. Patterson Social Contextual Factors and Competence in Early Development, Leslie D. Leve et al Reinforcement and Coercion Mechanisms in the Development of Antisocial Behaviour - The Family, James Snyder and Mike Stoolmiller Reinforcement and Coercion Mechanisms in the Development of Antisocial Behaviour - Peer Relationships, James Snyder Contextual Risk Across the Early Life Span and Association With Antisocial Behaviour, D.M. Capaldi et al A Developmental Model For Early-and Late-Onset Delinquincy, Gerald R. Patterson and Karen Yoerger Coercive Family Processes and Adolescent Depression, Betsy Davis et al Interventions For Antisocial Behaviour, John B. Reid and J. Mark Eddy Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care - Applications of the OSLC Intervention Model to High-Risk Youth and Their Families, Patricia Chamberlain et al Preventative Efforts During the Elementary School Years - The Linking the Interests of Families and Teachers Project, John B. Reid and J. Mark Eddy. (Part contents).
Reciprocity and Constructions of Informed Consent: Researching with Indigenous Populations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this article, the authors present a discussion of institutional review boards and potential challenges qualitative researchers may face when presenting human subjects research proposals to these boards for approval. In particular, they focus on issues of consent and reciprocity with Indigenous populations, whose culture and traditions might be quite different from those review boards typically see. After presenting these issues, the authors close with a framework that can be used as a guide for ethical considerations in research with Indigenous peoples.
The Effect of CO2 Bubble Distribution on Power Generation Performance of a Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cell

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) have received considerable attention because they can generate higher power density compared with other direct liquid fuel cells. However, when the generated CO2 bubbles are retained in the anode porous transport layer (PTL), the performance of DFAFCs deteriorates. In this study, power generation characteristics of DFAFCs using two types of PTL, viz. carbon paper and carbon cloth, were investigated. It was found that the maximum current density is about 60 mA/cm2 higher with the carbon cloth than with the carbon paper. The CO2 bubble distributions in anode PTLs were visualized during the operation using X-ray computed tomography, and the visualized images showed that the PTL structure affected the CO2 bubble distribution, and that the transport paths of formic acid through liquid phase are tortured. Thus, it could be concluded that the transport characteristics of CO2 bubbles affect the power generation characteristics of DFAFCs.
The influence of complex and threatening environments in early life on brain size and behaviour

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The ways in which challenging environments during development shape the brain and behaviour are increasingly being addressed. To date, studies typically consider only single variables, but the real world is more complex. Many factors simultaneously affect the brain and behaviour, and whether these work independently or interact remains untested. To address this, zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) were reared in a two-by-two design in housing that varied in structural complexity and/or exposure to a stressor. Fish experiencing both complexity (enrichment objects changed over time) and mild stress (daily net chasing) exhibited enhanced learning and were less anxious when tested as juveniles (between 77 and 90 days). Adults tested (aged 1 year) were also less anxious even though fish were kept in standard housing after three months of age (i.e. no chasing or enrichment). Volumetric measures of the brain using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that complexity alone generated fish with a larger brain, but this increase in size was not seen in fish that experienced both complexity and chasing, or chasing alone. The results highlight the importance of looking at multiple variables simultaneously, and reveal differential effects of complexity and stressful experiences during development of the brain and behaviour.
Exploratory study of fatherhood aspirations amongst young men in Singapore.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research on what unmarried and childless young men as prospective fathers think about fatherhood has been scarce. There is however an increasing concern amongst family scholars and policy makers on what prospective fathers think about fatherhood. This study seeks to fill this gap by providing a deeper understanding of how unmarried and childless young men in Singapore think about fatherhood and the act of fathering. Through 17 in-depth face-to-face interviews with young men residing in Singapore, findings suggest that prospective fathers wish to establish a close emotional relationship with their future child not unlike many elements of Gidden's 'pure relationship'. Unlike many previous studies that deal mainly with levels of fatherhood involvement, this study focuses on how unmarried and childless young men in Singapore conceptualize, verbalize and give meaning to fatherhood and acts of fathering, all the while keeping in mind that they themselves will one day, be a father.
Shafarevich’s Conjecture for CY Manifolds I

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let C be a Riemann surface with fixed finite number of points on it.Given a Calabi-Yau (CY) manifold with fixed topological type, we consider the set of all families of CY manifolds of fixed topological type over C with degenerate fibres over the fixed points up to isomorphism.This set is called the Shafarevich set.The analogue of Shafarevich conjecture for CY manifolds is for which topological types of CY the Shafarevich set is finite.We relate the analogue of Shafarevich problem for CY manifolds to the non-vanishing of the Yukawa coupling.We also study in this paper some moduli problems related to the Shafarevich conjecture.We also give a counter example of the Shafarevich problem for a class of CY manifolds.
The Church and the AIDS Crisis in New York City

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines the Catholic response to the AIDS epidemic in New York City during the 1980s, the disease’s first decade, looking at three distinct, but overlapping, spheres—the development of AIDS ministry within Catholic health care, the evolution of the Church’s moral teaching on homosexuality, and the struggle of gay Catholics to secure pastoral recognition. It reveals how the AIDS crisis gave rise to encounters between the Catholic Church and the gay community that would shape their relationship in inescapable and transformative ways. Perhaps most poignantly, in giving visibility to the gay community and its sufferings, the AIDS crisis prompted the Catholic Church to grapple with the issue of homosexuality not in the abstract, but in face-to-face encounters with persons with AIDS.
BNL Neutral-Beam Development Group. Progress report FY 1981

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The Brookhaven High Energy Neutral Beam Development Group is developing injector systems, particularly for the next generation of fusion mirror and tokamak experiments. These injectors are based on the acceleration and neutralization of negative deuterium ions, to utilize their high neutralization efficiency which is nearly independent of energy above 50 keV/nucleon.
An Adaptive Estimation of Ultrasound Transit Time-based Local PWV in Carotid Artery using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is currently the gold standard for quantitatively measuring arterial stiffness, which is of great significance for the early diagnosis and effective prevention of cardio-cerebral vascular diseases. With the development of the ultrafast ultrasound imaging based on the plane wave technique, the ultrasonic transit time-based method with straightforward principle is preferable for the detection of the local PWV of carotid artery. However, the filtering parameter settings in this method are difficult to be flexibly controlled, and the results of pulse wave transit time estimations are not stable. Aiming at these problems, an adaptive local PWV estimation based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. First, An improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) with a fitness function evaluated in terms of the Savitzky-Golay (SG) filter length, SG polynomial degree, tracking position and tracking points parameters in regional upstroke tracking (RUT) approach is used to find the most optimum parameter settings for PWV estimation. To quantitatively evaluate the proposed adaptive local PWV estimation method (PSO_RUT), an ultrasound simulation model for three age groups is used. Results show that the mean PWV deviations from theoretical values estimated by the proposed PSO_RUT method are just within 3.8%, and lower than that estimated by RUT method. Therefore, the PSO_RUT approach proposed in this study can provide effective means for the improvement on the accuracy of ultrasound-based carotid PWV estimation.
Parallel Architectures for MEDLINE Search

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this article, we describe a parallel architecture for MEDLINE database integrated with search refinement tools to facilitate accurate and fast response to search requests by users. The proposed architecture, to be developed by the authors, will use low-cost, high-performance computing clusters consisting of Linux based personal computers and workstations (i) to provide subsecond response times for individual searches and (ii) to support several concurrent queries from search refinement programs such as SUMSearch.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
exo-Selective Catalysts for 1,3-Dipolar Nitrone Cycloaddition

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

There are numerous methods for endo-selective cycloaddition reactions; however, few examples addressing exo-selectivity can be found. 1,3-Dipolar nitrone cycloadditions serve as templates for developing selective catalysts, as regio-, diastereo- and enantioselectivity must all be addressed. Using Ph-BOX ligands and Lewis acids such as Mg(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II), selectivity can be tuned for the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between acryloyloxazolidinone and diphenyl nitrone. Under the optimal exo-selective conditions, >98:2 regioselectivity, 10:90 endo/exo selectivity and 99% ee exo was obtained with trans-diphenyl-BOX ligand and Ni(ClO4)2 as Lewis acid.
Postdischarge Impact of C-L Psychiatry Treatment in Obstetrical Inpatients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose . Twenty-eight women, referred to C-L Psychiatry during their obstetrical inpatient stay were interviewed six months post-discharge to determine how they experienced the consultation process, whether they recollected and adhered to treatment recommendations, and whether they developed or had a recurrence of mental health problems post-discharge. Method . Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted by a psychologist who had not been involved with patient care. Results . There was strong congruence between reason for referral as stated in psychiatric consult notes and participants' recollections and strong congruence and compliance regarding treatment recommendations. Sixty-four percent of women had concerns regarding mood post-discharge, of whom 66% sought professional help within six months. Participants' recommendations for improving the effectiveness of the C-L service to obstetrical inpatients pertained mainly to sensitivity to patients' feelings, consistency of message and personnel, and post-discharge follow-up. Conclusions . Obstetrical patients had good recollection of their experience of C-L psychiatry, and post-discharge compliance with treatment recommendations was high. A post-discharge telephone call might further enhance treatment compliance and encourage women who are struggling with mood difficulties to seek help. Contact between C-L psychiatry and patients' primary care physician may also enhance care post-discharge.
Haemoglobinometry as a method to determine the blood meal size of two argasid tick species.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

A standardized clinical method for measuring haemoglobin has been applied to measure the quantity of blood ingested by Argas persicus and A. hermanni feeding on chicken and pigeons respectively. The blood fed ticks were added to a reagent which converts all haemoglobin to haemoglobincyanide (HiCN) which can be read spectrophotometrically. The validity of this method was established by comparing haemoglobin determination with the size of blood meals measured by weight. Linear relationships with high correlation coefficients were obtained for nymphs, males, and females of A. persicus and A. hermanni showing that both gravimetric (weighing) and HiCN methods gave similar estimates of ingested blood.
Red blood cell protein map: a comparison between carrier-ampholyte pH gradient and immobilized pH gradient, and identification of four red blood cell enzymes.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The aim of this study was (a) to establish a red blood cell (RBC) protein map with immobilized pH gradient for the first dimension (b) to compare the pattern with previously published RBC protein map obtained with carrier-ampholyte pH gradients and (c) to localize four new enzymes on the map (i.e. 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase). This publication provides the most updated RBC polypeptide pattern with twelve proteins or enzymes localized on the map.
HOME MANAGEMENT FOR BREAST ENGORGEMENT AMONG POSTNATAL MOTHERS

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Breast engorgement is when the breasts become overly full with milk after childbirth. It can cause discomfort, pain, and swelling. It typically occurs a few days after giving birth when milk production increases. Breast engorgement can make breastfeeding challenging, but there are ways to manage it. Breast engorgement happens when the breasts get really full and painful because of too much milk. It's common after giving birth. Some reasons for engorgement are not breastfeeding or pumping enough, not latching properly, or sudden changes in breastfeeding patterns.To manage engorgement, try breastfeeding or pumping milk more often to empty the breasts. Using warm compresses before feeding can help with milk flow, and cold compresses afterward can reduce swelling. Massaging the breasts gently and wearing a supportive bra can also provide relief.
Changing Patterns of Illicit Substance Use Among Schizophrenic Patients: 1984–1996

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Over 1,700 psychiatric emergency room visits of schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients between 1984 and 1996 were reviewed, and urine drug screens (UDS) were recorded. Illicit drug use increased significantly over the 12‐year period, with a large increase for cocaine (0% to 73% of positive UDS), a decline for amphetamines (60% to 0%), and a small increase for marijuana (0% to 27%). Opiate and sedative use remained unchanged. The results support the impression that cocaine use increased dramatically among urban schizophrenic patients beginning in 1988 and continuing to the present. Furthermore, cocaine seems to have replaced amphetamines as the preferred drug of abuse among schizophrenic persons following the crack epidemic.
Quality Assessment of Two Spectrophotometric Procedures for Polyphenol Determination and Application in Moltkia petraea Species

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A comparison study of quality of two spectrophotometric procedures: Schneider’s (T‐Sch) and 4‐aminoantipyrine (T‐AAP) procedures for total polyphenols determination was carried out using informative prevalidation strategy. Good quality of the measurements at the lower analyte level, excellent resolution of signals, homogenous data material, ideal linear calibration and analytical evaluation functions, very low limit of quantitation (0.13 μg/mL), and high precision (from ±0.60 % to ±3.43 %) and accuracy (from −4.26 % to +4.00 %) confirmed the high quality of the T‐Sch procedure. Although favorable performance characteristics of T‐AAP procedure were obtained, the signal resolution, sensitivity, precision and accuracy are somewhat lower than in T‐Sch procedure. Both prevalidated procedures were successfully applied to determine total polyphenols in leaves, stems, and flowers in three populations of endemic IllyricBalkan species Moltkia petraea (Tratt.) Griseb. growing in Croatia. Total concentrations of polyphenols obtained by T‐Sch procedure in all plant organs of all populations were somewhat lower than determined by T‐AAP procedure. However, the relative abundance of polyphenols obtained by both methods is the same. Prevalidation results demonstrated the reliability of the T‐AAP and T‐Sch procedures as valuable tools in polyphenols analysis and their application provided new information regarding phytochemical characterization of endemic M. petraea .
Fibrocartilaginous metaplasia and neovascularization of the anterior cruciate ligament in patients with osteoarthritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) prevents the anterior translocation and medial rotation of the tibia against the femur. It is typically composed of dense regular connective tissue (DRCT), small amount of loose connective tissue, little vasculature, and few nerve endings. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the details of histological changes in ACLs of patients with clinically diagnosed osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and Methods The ACLs of six patients undergoing total knee replacement because of OA (OA group) were compared with 16 normal ACLs from cadavers (control). The ACLs were analyzed for tissue composition and number of blood vessels across the full length and thickness of the ligament. Percentages for areas of DRCT, fibrocartilage, degenerative tissue, and vasculature were calculated. Tissue composition and relative number of blood vessels were compared between groups. Results The proportion of DRCT to non‐DRCT was significantly smaller in the OA group than the control group ( p < .001); non‐DRCT included degenerative connective tissue and fibrocartilage. The number of blood vessels to area was greater in the OA group than the control group ( p = .002). Six of control (37.5%) and five of OA ACLs (83%) showed areas of calcification. Conclusions These results indicate that inflammatory processes contributing to OA in the knee cause changes in the composition of the ACL that lead to destruction of collagen bundles, increased vascularization, calcification, and formation of fibrocartilage‐like tissue inside the ligament. These changes make ligament‐retaining total knee arthroplasty a less beneficial option for knee repair.
[Clinical picture and diagnosis of heart disease in chronic alcoholism and alcoholic intoxication].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Clinical patterns and diagnosis of alcoholic cardiopathies were evaluated in 120 patients. Cardialgia, ECG changes, heart rate disorders and signs of heart failure are manifestations of alcoholic myocardiodystrophy. Narcologic history and alcoholism markers are essential for the diagnosis of alcoholic cardiopathy. The diagnosis should be based on conventional investigation procedures.
Throughput Maximization for IRS-Assisted Wireless Powered Hybrid NOMA and TDMA

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The high reflect beamforming gain of the intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) makes it appealing not only for wireless information transmission but also for wireless power transfer. In this letter, we consider an IRS-assisted wireless powered communication network, where a base station (BS) transmits energy to multiple users grouped into multiple clusters in the downlink, and the clustered users transmit information to the BS in the manner of hybrid non-orthogonal multiple access and time division multiple access in the uplink. We investigate optimizing the reflect beamforming of the IRS and the time allocation among the BS's power transfer and different user clusters' information transmission to maximize the throughput of the network, and we propose an efficient algorithm based on the block coordinate ascent, semidefinite relaxation, and sequential rank-one constraint relaxation techniques to solve the resultant problem. Simulation results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and have shown the impact of user clustering setup on the throughput performance of the network.