jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The lipid mobilized by anterior pituitary extract

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Research Article| February 01 1951 The lipid mobilized by anterior pituitary extract J. Campbell; J. Campbell 1Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar C. C. Lucas C. C. Lucas 1Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd © 1951 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1951 Biochem J (1951) 48 (2): 241–245. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0480241 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J. Campbell, C. C. Lucas; The lipid mobilized by anterior pituitary extract. Biochem J 1 February 1951; 48 (2): 241–245. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0480241 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1951 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1951 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Absence Of BRAF and KRAS Hotspot Mutations In Primary Mediastinal and Other Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Recently whole-exome-sequencing has identified oncogenic BRAF and KRAS mutations as likely drivers in diffuse-large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). It is currently unclear whether primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL), a clinicopathologically distinct variant of diffuse-large B-cell lymphoma, harbors such mutations. Here, we screened 100 samples (84 primary tumors and 16 cell lines), composed of 52 PMBL and 48 DLBCL samples for BRAF (V600/601) and KRAS (G12-K16) hotspot mutations using a sensitive pyrosequencing approach. All 100 samples were BRAF and KRAS wild-type. When combining our results with those reported in the literature (Table 1), the overall mutation frequency in DLBCL for BRAF is ∼2.4% (n=13/541) and for KRAS is ∼1.6% (n=7/445). We demonstrate the absence of BRAF and KRAS hotspot mutations in PMBL. The overall prevalence of KRAS and BRAF mutations argues against hotspot genotyping as part of the diagnostic workup in PMBL/DLBCL.Table 1Summary of DLBCL genotyping resultsBRAFKRASMut./tested%Mut./tested%Lohr et al., 20112/554,12/554,1Pasqualucci et al., 20110/4800/480COSMIC*11/3383.25/2422,0Subtotal13/4413.07/3452.0Nagel et al., (here)0/10000/1000Summary13/5412,47/4451,6%*At time of review, COSMIC did not include the results from Lohr et al. and Pasqualucci et al. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Experimental Evaluation on the Heating Efficiency of Magnetoferritin Nanoparticles in an Alternating Magnetic Field

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The superparamagnetic substance magnetoferritin is a potential bio-nanomaterial for tumor magnetic hyperthermia because of its active tumor-targeting outer protein shell, uniform and tunable nanosized inner mineral core, monodispersity and good biocompatibility. Here, we evaluated the heating efficiency of magnetoferritin nanoparticles in an alternating magnetic field (AMF). The effects of core-size, Fe concentration, viscosity, and field frequency and amplitude were investigated. Under 805.5 kHz and 19.5 kA/m, temperature rise (ΔT) and specific loss power (SLP) measured on magnetoferritin nanoparticles with core size of 4.8 nm at 5 mg/mL were 14.2 °C (at 6 min) and 68.6 W/g, respectively. The SLP increased with core-size, Fe concentration, AMF frequency, and amplitude. Given that: (1) the SLP was insensitive to viscosity of glycerol-water solutions and (2) both the calculated effective relaxation time and the fitted relaxation time were closer to Néel relaxation time, we propose that the heating generation mechanism of magnetoferritin nanoparticles is dominated by the Néel relaxation. This work provides new insights into the heating efficiency of magnetoferritin and potential future applications for tumor magnetic hyperthermia treatment and heat-triggered drug release.
Carotid Intima and Media Thickness Correlation with Central Blood Pressure Measurements by Tonometric and Oscillometric Methods: A Proof of Concept

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background The early detection of vascular damage in subclinical stages of hypertensive disease may be the key point in the prevention of cardiovascular outcomes. Objectives to correlate parameters of structural vascular damage (measurement of the carotid intima-media thickness) with parameters of functional vascular damage (central hemodynamic measurements) in pre-hypertensive and hypertensive patients taking up to two classes of anti-hypertensive drugs. Methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted with a convenience sample of patients attending the Liga de Hipertensão Arterial , a multidisciplinary program for the diagnosis and treatment of systemic hypertension, of the Federal university of Goias. Patients with arrythmia, diabetes, previous cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases, and end-stage diseases were excluded. Carotid Doppler test, measurements of peripheral and central blood pressure by applanation tonometry (Sphygmocor®) and oscillometry (Mobil-O-Graph®) were performed. The t-test was used for comparisons and the Pearson correlation test for correlations, considering a p<0.05 statistically significant. Results twenty patients (12 women) were evaluated, mean age 53.8 ± 14.3 years. Higher values of central pulse pressure (42.9±13.9 vs. 34.7±9.6, p=0.01) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) (9.0±1.9 vs. 7.9±1.5, p=0.01) were obtained by applanation tonometry compared with oscillometry. No difference between the methods was observed for the other measures. A significant correlation was found between carotid artery intima-media thickness (CA-IMT) and PWV (r=0.659; p=0.002) by the oscillometric test, but not with applanation tonometry. No correlation was found between central hemodynamic variables and the presence of carotid artery plaques. Conclusion PWV, estimated by oscillometry, was the only central hemodynamic parameter that correlated significantly with CA-IMT in pre-hypertensive and hypertensive patients at low cardiovascular risk. International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0
Nonuniversality of heavy quark hadronization in elementary high-energy collisions

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

It has been traditionally hypothesized that the heavy quark (charm c and bottom b) fragmentation is universal across different collision systems, based on the notion that hadronization as a soft process should occur at the characteristic nonperturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) scale, ΛQCD. However, this universality hypothesis has recently been challenged by the observation that the c- and b-baryon production relative to their meson counterparts in minimum bias proton-proton (pp) collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies is significantly enhanced as compared to the electron-positron (e+e−) collisions. The conception of nonuniversality is unambiguously reinforced by the latest measurement of the charged-particle multiplicity dependence of the b-baryon–to–meson yield ratio, Λb/B, by the LHCb experiment in s=13TeVpp collisions at the LHC, evolving continuously from the saturation value in minimum bias pp collisions toward the small value in e+e− collisions as the system size gradually reduces. We address the multiplicity dependence of b-baryon production in the canonical statistical hadronization model with input b-hadron spectrum augmented with many hitherto unobserved states from quark model predictions. We demonstrate that the decreasing trend of the Λb/B toward low multiplicities can be quantitatively understood from the canonical suppression on the yield of Λb, as caused by the requirement of strict conservation of baryon number in sufficiently small systems. We have therefore proposed a plausible scenario for understanding the origin of the nonuniversality of heavy quark fragmentation in elementary collisions. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
Why is “Consciousness” Still a “Hard Problem”

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

There are some problems which are defying a solution from time immemorial.Researchers and thinkers are not able to find their solutions.Does life continue after death?Does Consciousness outlive death?We do not have its answer because to learn the answer one has to die and since ticket is one way, he can't come back and tell the answer.Hence the paradox which makes the query a hard nut to crack.Similarly, the question "What is Consciousness" is defying a solution and is called a "Hard Problem".While in Coma we are unconscious and doctors are unable to predict when consciousness will return to the patient because no one knows how consciousness manifests.The question again suffers from a paradox---to learn the answer one has to be conscious and once you are conscious you have already missed the chance of learning causal aspects of consciousness.This vital question is considered 'A Hard Problem" and scientists and philosophers the world over are trying to find a solution to the hard problem.To date, no one has succeeded in explaining consciousness accurately.This paper tries to explore why it is so difficult to solve the 'hard problem'
AS-RCEC TaiESM1.0 model output prepared for CMIP6 CFMIP amip-p4K-lwoff

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) datasets: These data include all datasets published for 'CMIP6.CFMIP.AS-RCEC.TaiESM1.amip-p4K-lwoff' with the full Data Reference Syntax following the template 'mip_era.activity_id.institution_id.source_id.experiment_id.member_id.table_id.variable_id.grid_label.version'. The Taiwan Earth System Model 1.0 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components: aerosol: SNAP (same grid as atmos), atmos: TaiAM1 (0.9x1.25 degree; 288 x 192 longitude/latitude; 30 levels; top level ~2 hPa), atmosChem: SNAP (same grid as atmos), land: CLM4.0 (same grid as atmos), ocean: POP2 (320x384 longitude/latitude; 60 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), seaIce: CICE4. The model was run by the Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan (AS-RCEC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 100 km, land: 100 km, ocean: 100 km, seaIce: 50 km. Project: These data have been generated as part of the internationally-coordinated Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6; see also GMD Special Issue: http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/special_issue590.html). The simulation data provides a basis for climate research designed to answer fundamental science questions and serves as resource for authors of the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC-AR6). CMIP6 is a project coordinated by the Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) as part of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). Phase 6 builds on previous phases executed under the leadership of the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and relies on the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) and the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) along with numerous related activities for implementation. The original data is hosted and partially replicated on a federated collection of data nodes, and most of the data relied on by the IPCC is being archived for long-term preservation at the IPCC Data Distribution Centre (IPCC DDC) hosted by the German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ). The project includes simulations from about 120 global climate models and around 45 institutions and organizations worldwide. - Project website: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/CMIP6.
Additions and Corrections-Light Scattering in Solutions of Serum Albumin: Effects of Charge and Ionic Strength

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditions and Corrections-Light Scattering in Solutions of Serum Albumin: Effects of Charge and Ionic StrengthJohn Edsall, Harold Edelhoch, Rene Lontie, and Peter MorrisonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 24, 5045Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1961Publication History Published online10 July 2002Published inissue 1 December 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01485a602https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01485a602research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views14Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A reproducible method for growing nonlinear optical organic crystals (DAST) and excimer laser processing of DAST

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Summary form only given. The organic nonlinear optical crystal DAST (4-dimethylamino-N-methyl-4-stilbazolium tosylate) has higher nonlinearities (such as the electro-optical and second-order nonlinear optical coefficients) than other similar crystals. This has sparked significant efforts to develop a crystal growth processing method and to use DAST in various optical devices. We investigated a reproducible crystal growth method that monitors the conductivity of the concentration of a saturated DAST solution. We also developed a processing method using KrF excimer laser ablation.
Cochlear Implants in Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder: Role of Electrically Evoked Auditory Brainstem Responses and Serial Neural Response Telemetry

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To evaluate the utility of neural response telemetry (NRT) and electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) in patients with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD)
Verification of the Positive Definiteness of the Inertial Matrix of Manipulators Using

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The computation of the inertial matrix of dynamic model for manip-ulator using some sets of base-parameter values may be not positive definite for some configurations. Such sets of base-parameter values are physically impossible. The result of the study on physical impos-sibility of the set of base-parameter values could be used to judge if a set of base-parameter values, which are obtained through param-eter identification or other methods, is physically impossible or not and to modify the set of base-parameter values that was judged to be physically impossible. Hence, the result would directly contribute to model-based control of manipulators or motion simulation for ma-nipulators. In this paper, a sufficient condition for the inertial matrix to be positive definite for each configuration of the manipulator is given by use of physical inertial parameters of the links compos-ing the manipulator. By use of this condition and a set of “virtual parameters, ” a scheme is given to judge if a set of base-parameter values determine the inertial matrix to be always positive definite or not. KEY WORDS—manipulator, dynamic model, inertial ma-trix, positive definiteness, base inertial parameters 1.
EPIG-02DYNAMIC EPIGENETIC MODULATION OF GLIOBLASTOMA TUMORIGENICITY BY INHIBITION OF LYSINE-SPECIFIC DEMETHYLASE 1 (LSD1)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Glioblastoma is one of the most devastating of human cancers, with near-uniform fatality within two years of diagnosis. Therapeutic failure is thought to be related to small subpopulation of cells that exhibit the properties of self-renewal and tumorigenicity. It remains unclear whether tumorigenicity exists as a static property of a few cells (“elite” model) or as a dynamically acquired property (“stochastic” model). We used tumor-sphere and xenograft formation as assays for tumorigenicity and examined subclones isolated from established and primary patient-derived glioblastoma (PDX) lines. In multiple PDX lines, glioblastoma subclones that are isogenic (within the limits of the current DNA sequencing technology) nevertheless display varying tumorigenicity. Moreover, the property can be gained or lost at low frequencies. The results indicated that while glioblastoma tumorigenicity largely conforms to the “elite” model, there is dynamic interplay between tumorgenic and non-tumorgenic cell states. Using independent Genetically Engineered Murine Models (GEMMs) of glioblastoma, PDX glioblastoma models, and single cell analysis of clinical glioblastoma specimens, we demonstrate that these dynamic transitions are governed by epigenetic reprogramming through the lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1). LSD1 depletion increases H3K4me3 accumulation at the MYC locus, which elevates MYC expression. MYC, in turn, regulates OLIG2, SOX2 and POU3F2, a core set of transcription factors required for reprogramming glioblastoma cells into stem-like states. Altered tumorgenic potential was not accompanied by a change in the molecular subtype (as defined by the TCGA) and was therefore not related to subtype plasticity. Importantly, complete inhibition or silencing of LSD1 led to suppression of MYC expression and glioblastoma tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. However, partial inhibition of LSD1 lead to epigenetic reprogramming resulting in heritable increase MYC expression and glioblastoma tumorigenicity. Our model suggests epigenetic regulation of key transcription factors governs transitions between tumorigenic states and provides a framework for glioblastoma therapeutic development.
A Study on Risk Early Warning System of Cement Concrete Pavement Design

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In terms of project risk management and on the basis of the theory and method of cement concrete pavement reliability design,the uncertain factors in the process of cement concrete pavement design are systematically analyzed,the index system of cement concrete pavement design risk is established,the risk early warning index,its threashold value and relevant risk early warning signal are defined.The theory and method of Monte Carlo are applied to establish design risk early warning model of the cement concrete pavement,which improve the capacity to withstand the cement concrete pavement design risk.
Evaluation of Tensile Deformation Behavior of Alumite using Al Specimen Having Anodizing Layer

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Conventionally, anodizing treatments have been performed on aluminum alloy combustion chamber of internal-combustion engine to suppress occurrence of heat cracks. Recently, it has been found that the alumite layer formed by the treatments is effective in improving the thermal efficiency of internal-combustion engines. Therefore, some anodizing methods have been proposed to form thick alumite layers on aluminum alloy parts in internal combustion engines, and the parts made by the methods have already been put into practical use. To evaluate the strength reliability of those anodized parts, it is essential to understand the tensile characteristics of the alumite. In this study, we proposed a method based on the rule of mixtures to evaluate the tensile deformation behavior of the alumite. Then, tensile tests were conducted using anodizing treated aluminum specimens and non-treated aluminum specimens. Before the tests, the thickness of the alumite layer in the anodizing treated aluminum specimen was measured by using X-ray CT, and it was used to estimate the area ratio of the layer in the cross-section of the specimen. By using the stress-strain relations obtained from the tensile tests with the estimated area ratios, the tensile stress-strain relations of the alumite layers were estimated and they were used to discuss the tensile characteristics of the alumite layers. These results showed that the alumite was fractured for brittleness without regard to thickness of the alumite layer on the specimens.
A molecular phylogeny of the genus Laubuka (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka reveals multiple origins and a cryptic species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The freshwater-fish genus Laubuka contains ∼13 species distributed through the lowlands of tropical South and South-east Asia. Four of these species (Laubuka lankensis, L. varuna, L. ruhuna, and L. insularis) are reported as endemic to Sri Lanka, a remarkable datum given the island’s small size. We sampled populations of Laubuka at 56 locations in 14 of the island’s principal river basins and analysed their morphological, meristic, phylogenetic, and phylogeographic relationships using the mitochondrial genes cytochrome b and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and the nuclear recombination activating protein 1. We investigated the geographic structure, and delineated species using molecular species delimitation methods and morphological analysis within the general lineage concept of species. Molecular and morphological analyses failed to identify L. ruhuna and L. insularis as distinct species; we show them to be synonyms of L. varuna and L. lankensis, respectively. Taxonomic inflation in previous literature is attributed as a result of limited sampling and negligence of size allometry. Additionally, a third, cryptic species discovered in this study is described as L. hema sp. nov. which is evidently confined to the headwaters of the Gal basin in eastern Sri Lanka. Phylogenetic and haplotype network analyses suggest phylogeographic structure within both the southwest-endemic L. varuna and the dry-zone endemic L. lankensis, but the former shows strong phylogeographic structure between adjacent basins. The Sri Lankan species of Laubuka do not form a monophyletic group: they stem from two dispersal or vicariance events, one involving the lineage that led to L. varuna in south-western Sri Lanka, and the other, of [L. lankensis + L. hema] in the dry zone. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D2A29329-E0E7-447E-B316-81049212CCCB http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:920E5DC0-CEDC-4243-98C7-12CCF829CBCD
Treatment of Acute HIV Infection and the Potential Role of Acutely HIV-Infected Persons in Cure Studies.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Diagnosis of acute HIV infection is important for accurate estimation of HIV incidence, identifying persons who are unaware of their HIV infection, and offering immediate treatment and risk-reduction strategies. The higher viral loads associated with acute HIV infection are associated with an increased risk of transmission. Current treatment recommendations are the same for acute and established infections. Studies of acute HIV infection indicate that initiation of antiretroviral therapy during this period may allow greater recovery of CD4+ T-cell count and function and may result in a smaller latent viral reservoir and a skewing of infection away from central memory CD4+ T cells toward shorter-lived transitional memory CD4+ T cells. This article summarizes a presentation by Susan J. Little, MD, at the IAS-USA continuing education program, Improving the Management of HIV Disease, held in Los Angeles, California, in April 2015.