jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
ON THE EFFECTS OF THE WORD-ASSOCIATION INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY ON THE LENGTH OF WRITTEN COMPOSITIONS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The word-association instructional strategy for writing compositions, commonly used in elementary and junior high schools, is based on the use of word associations. Even though there are reasons to believe that this strategy can improve written compositions, the evidence available is not as yet conclusive. One of the supposed merits of this strategy is the increase in length of the compositions. To further investigate the above findings, two groups of fifth graders, one experimental (N=30) and one control (N=35), were asked to write two compositions. Both groups did not differ in the first compositions, but did in the second compositions; only the experimental group was found to follow this strategy. Confirming the supposed effect of this strategy on composition length, the compositions of the experimental group were longer than those of the control group. However, the effect of this strategy on composition length in the second composition was limited only to those experimental subjects whose first composition was relatively short.
A mining project is a field of risks: a systematic and preliminary portrait of mining risks

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Due to the current economic situation and the growth in world demand, the mining industry is undergoing a period of spectacular development.The current need to increase production at mine sites coincides with the development of managerial capacities, the use of new industrial methods and equipment, and increased use of skilled workforce.Despite such developments, a number of researchers view the mining sector among the world's most uncertain and hazardous industries.Although the sector utilizes risk management tools appropriately, several large-scale mining projects have failed as a result of neglect or underestimation of hazards.Total risk management of a new project remains a goal to be attained so as to enhance reliability of decisions and make mining organizations safer and more secure.The intent of this paper is to provide researchers and practitioners a preliminary portrait of the risks related to new mining projects.To attain this objective, the authors have primarily used results from research undertaken in the f eld.They completed this portrait using the results of hazard identif cation studies that they conducted in an open-pit mining project in Quebec.During this study, a number of data-gathering techniques were used, including documentation analysis, collaborative f eld observations, and interviews with managers and workers.This work demonstrates the possibility of identifying a number of categories of known risks and uncertainties not recently taken into account in any systemic or systematic way in mining project risk management.In this paper, identif ed risks are categorized hierarchically to show the impact and possibility of occurrence of each for every project phase.Despite having a number of limitations, this study enables construction of a risks portrait indispensable for completing a reliable and rapid assessment of mining project hazards.
Prediction of molten pool temperature in laser solid forming based on PSO-LSTM

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The temperature of the molten pool in Laser Solid Forming has a direct effect on the dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties of the parts. Accurate prediction of the melt pool temperature is important to ensure the stability of the melt pool temperature and to improve the forming accuracy and quality of the part. In order to accurately predict the melt pool temperature, this study proposes a melt pool temperature prediction method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) optimised long short-term memory neural network (LSTM). Using IR camera to obtain melt pool temperature data and establish long short-term memory neural network melt pool temperature prediction model based on experimental data. Optimization of the initial learning rate and the number of hidden layer units of the long short-term memory neural network model using the particle swarm optimization algorithm to build a PSO-LSTM model for prediction of melt pool temperature. The results show that the PSO-LSTM prediction model outperforms the long short-term memory neural network and Ridge Regression models in all evaluation indicators and can achieve accurate prediction of melt pool temperature.
Yeast PHO Genes: An Excellent Model for Elucidation of Chromatin-Remodelling Mechanisms

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Nucleosomes, the basic units of chromatin structure, repress transcription by restricting access of transcription factors to promoter cis-regulatory elements. It has recently become clearly evident that nucleosomes are highly dynamic and that there is, especially in yeast, a constant histone turnover mediated by a variety of chromatin-modifying and -remodelling multiprotein complexes. The yeast PHO5 promoter has been a very useful model in elucidating the relationship between chromatin structure remodelling and gene regulation, showing that chromatin remodelling is replication-independent and is not a consequence of, but a prerequisite for the gene transcription. Also, chromatin remodelling at the PHO5 promoter was the first in vivo demonstrated example of histone eviction in trans, a mechanism that operates also at the two other coregulated PHO promoters, PHO8 and PHO84, and has recently been revealed to occur genome-wide. Despite the fact that chromatin remodelling at all three promoters eventually leads to nucleosome disassembly, they show differential cofactor requirements. At the PHO5 promoter, an essential chromatin factor has not been identified yet and there is a redundancy of remodelling pathways involved. On the contrary, remodelling of the PHO8 nucleosomes is critically dependent on Snf2, but still another remodeller is involved as well. Interestingly, the two neighbouring nucleosomes at the PHO84 promoter demonstrate different stringency of remodeller dependency. Parallel in vitro studies of nucleosome stability and in vivo studies of cofactor requirements for their remodelling have shown that differential stringency of chromatin cofactor requirements is, at least to a large degree, determined by different intrinsic stabilities of individual promoter nucleosomes. As an already well characterized and established model system, the PHO promoters are a favourable system for parallel studies of remodelling events in vivo and mechanism of chromatin remodelling in vitro, which are of essential importance for our further understanding of the mechanisms of chromatin remodelling.
Performance appraisal : the experiences of nurses working in primary health care clinics

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Performance appraisals is a valuable tool to organisations for evaluation of staff member work productivity, motivating staff members, and subsequently enhancing productivity and service delivery. Organisations have performance appraisal procedure manuals in place; however, the implementation of the performance appraisal processes can be problematic as it could lead to something that is adored by the staff members or a process that is dreaded and leaves staff members disheartened. At the time of the study healthcare institutions in the public sector used The Performance Management and Development System (PMDS) for performance appraisal purposes. The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of nurses working in the primary health care clinics regarding performance appraisal. The objectives were to explore experiences related to:  Procedural structure of the performance appraisal interview.  The content of the performance appraisal interview.  Goal setting during the performance appraisal interview.  Practical issues contained in the performance appraisal interview.  Feelings of motivation after the performance appraisal interview.  Gathering of information on how to improve performance appraisal interviews. The study employed a descriptive design with a qualitative approach. A sample size of n=15 was drawn using purposive sampling. The researcher completed data collection utilizing indepth interviews and a semi-structured interview guide. Data analysis was completed using the interpretive approach and manual analysis of the data. The trustworthiness of this study was assured using Lincoln and Guba’s criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Study findings: nine themes emerged from the interviews, namely, preparation for the performance appraisal interview; training regarding the performance appraisal interview; the actual interview; frequency of performance appraisal interviews; targets; evidence; monetary reward; capacity building and favouritism.
Functional states shape the spatiotemporal representation of local and cortex-wide neural activity in mouse sensory cortex

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Here we dissect the cortical representation of brain states based on local photometry recordings and on mesoscale cortical calcium imaging, complemented by electrophysiological recordings in mice. We identify two distinct functional states in the sensory cortices, which differ in their spatiotemporal characteristics on the local and global cortical scales. We examine how intrinsic and stimulus-evoked neuronal activity propagates throughout the cortex in a state-dependent manner, supporting the notion that cortical state is a relevant variable to consider for a wide range of neurophysiological experiments.
Abortion and maternal deaths

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

rather than the failure of the health authority or the district management team.The superin- tendent who speaks out on behalf of his hospital runs the risk of incurring the dis- pleasure and pique of authorities.If the post of superintendent is as incompatible with the new system and as redundant as is widely claimed it would appear reason- able, logical, and fair to give it an appropriate burial on a national basis with guidance from the DHSS on the recompense of those who, through no fault of their own, were appointed to such posts and now find themselves in an uncertain and embarrassing position.
<title>Temporal power spectra of Zernike coefficients</title>

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In order to design adaptive optics systems and to study the effect of atmospheric turbulence on astronomical images it is helpful to know the temporal power spectra of the various Zernike polynomial terms. These coefficients correspond directly to standard aberration terminology like tilt, astigmatism, spherical aberration and so on. An analytical method based on work by Roddier et al. for predicting these power spectra using the current average wind speed, Frieds parameter r(Omicron ) and the aperture size is presented along with some experimental results testing their predictive power. The data are also shown to confirm the important results of Fried as well as Noll.
Anxiety and the COVID-19 pandemic: substance use behavior and substance use detoxification treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic caused subsequent anxiety. We study the association of anxiety and substance use in patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional survey of 628 patients with substance use disorder. Substances studied consisted of benzodiazepines, alcohol, tobacco, stimulants, cocaine, opioid, heroin, and cannabis.RESULTS: We found that those with an anxiety disorder had significantly greater odds for use of alcohol (OR=1.94, 95% CI: 1.37-2.75, P<0.001), benzodiazepines (OR=3.00, 95% CI: 1.95-4.62, P<0.001), cannabis (OR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.09-2.23), P=0.02), cocaine (OR=2.04, 95% CI: 1.42-2.95, P<0.001), and stimulants (OR=1.91, 95% CI: 1.06-3.44, P=0.03) than those without an anxiety disorder. Attitudes of "social distancing has made it difficult for me to detox/rehab from my drug of choice" (P=0.01) and "The COVID-19 pandemic has directly impacted my ability to get the support I need while I am in detox/rehab" (P=0.02) were each significantly associated with greater means for those with anxiety disorder.CONCLUSIONS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, anxiety was significantly associated with substance use. Substance use may have been utilized as self-medication. Patients may benefit from psychoeducation about anxiety symptoms and seeking professional psychiatric care to break the cycle of substance use.
Giant electrostrictive effect in Ba : PZT

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The electrostrictive effect of a Ba : PZT paraelectric ceramic was investigated using a sensitive capacitance dilatometer. This substance was found to exhibit a giant electrostrictive coefficient Q12 of −0.27 m4/C2, which is nearly five times as large as the value of Q12 for single-crystal BaTiO3.
Combining ability of tropical maize cultivars in organic and conventional production systems

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The objectives were to identify maize germplasm for the organic productions system and to compare the genetic effects of the grain yield of maize cultivars in organic and conventional production systems. Diallel crosses were made between six maize cultivars and the hybrid combinations were evaluated in conventional and organic production systems. The hybrid combinations produced different grain yields in the two production systems. The interaction between general combining ability and production systems was significant for grain yield, ear height and number of ears. This indicates that the additive genetic effects differ in organic and conventional production systems. The specific combining abilities (SCA) were significant for grain yield and plant height, indicating a significant difference between the non-additive effects. However, the SCA x production systems interactions were not significant for those traits. It was concluded that for the development of maize cultivars for the organic production system, selection must be made in the specific environment for the expression of favorable alleles that confer advantages for adapting to this system; the general combining ability of genitors is different for the two production systems, but the specific combining ability isn't different in organic and conventional systems.
Jett, Tanner Winston

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Tanner Winston Jett, LL.B. Owensboro, Kentucky Delta Kappa Epsilon; Henry Clay Law Society; Central Club. "A fool there was, and he made his prayer, Even as you and I, To a rag and a hone and a hank of hair." "Duke," whose real name is Jett, persists in saying that his home is in Davies County instead of Breathitt. That may be, but we wonder what has become of the home he worked so hard for during his "heart-breaking'' career at Central. Even though he lost one home since coming to State he brought with him his never-failing good humor, and is still just as earnest and sincere as ever. We venture the statement that few fellows have ever made more friends in one year at State than "Duke." -The Kentuckian, 1913------------------------------------ Tanner Winston Jett (January 1, 1888 - February 25, 1925) was born in Daviess County, Kentucky to George A. Jett and Artie Belle Schenck. Jett worked on the family farm and as a grocery clerk before attending Centre College. He then attended the University of Kentucky and received his LL.B. in 1913. Jett returned to Daviess County after graduation and practiced in the offices of Clarence Finn and E. B. Anderson. In 1915, he became a solo practitioner. Jett was twice elected Owensboro city prosecuting attorney; however, he was forced to resign during his second term due to illness. Jett contracted influenza during the 1918 epidemic--this illness caused him life-long health issues. Jett again contracted influenza in 1920--his wife, Pauline Rice, was infected while tending to him and died from the illness. In 1922, Jett retired from legal practice and moved to Colorado to recover from tuberculosis. Jett moved back to Owensboro shortly before his death in 1925.
The Phylogeny of the Extant Hexapod Orders

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Morphological and molecular data are marshalled to address the question of hexapod ordinal relationships. The combination of 275 morphological variables, 1000 bases of the small subunit nuclear rDNA (18S), and 350 bases of the large subunit nuclear rDNA (28S) are subjected to a variety of analysis parameters (indel and transversion costs). Representatives of each hexapod order are included with most orders represented multiply. Those parameters that minimize character incongruence (ILD of Mickevich and Farris, 1981, Syst. Zool. 30, 351–370), among the morphological and molecular data sets are chosen to generate the best supported cladogram. A well-resolved and robust cladogram of ordinal relationships is produced with the topology (Crustacea ((Chilopoda Diplopoda) ((Collembola Protura) ((Japygina Campodeina) (Archaeognatha (Zygentoma (Ephemerida (Odonata ((((Mantodea Blattaria) Isoptera) Zoraptera) ((Plecoptera Embiidina) (((Orthoptera Phasmida) (Grylloblattaria Dermaptera)) ((((Psocoptera Phthiraptera) Thysanoptera) Hemiptera) ((Neuropteroidea Coleoptera) (((((Strepsiptera Diptera) Mecoptera) Siphonaptera) (Trichoptera Lepidoptera)) Hymenoptera)))))))))))))).
Chiarini's Retort to Zanella: Browning's Italian Critics

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Giuseppe Chiarini was an Italian poet, translator, and critic. In 1874 he sent a copy of his Poesie to Robert Browning. Among the English poets Chiarini translated were Wordsworth, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Shelley, Tennyson, Swinburne, and Robert Browning. As an example of the liberties he took with Italian metrics in order to render the gusto of Browning's rollicking manner, I cite the first stanza of “Up at a Villa – Down in the City” (“Su in Villa e Giù in Città”): S' i' avessi denari, se n'avessi Abbastanza e d'avanzo, la mia casa Sarebbe al certo alla città, giù in piazza. Oh dolce vita, oh, dolce vita starsene Affacciati laggiù alla finestra. ( Poesie 421) (If I had money, if I had Enough and cash on hand, my house Would certainly be in the city, down in a piazza. O sweet life, O sweet life, to be Leaning out of a window there.) [My translation]
Effect of Dietary Estradiol‐17β on the Feminization of Silver Perch, Bidyanus bidyanus (Mitchell, 1838)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The silver perch, Bidyanus bidyanus (Mitchell 1838), displays sexual dimorphism in size, with females reaching larger maximum size than males. In an attempt to produce all‐female populations, larvae at 30 d posthatching were fed an estradiol‐17β ( E2 ) diet at dosages of 0, 60, and 120 mg/kg for 30 d. Histological examination of gonads revealed that all E2 ‐supplemented diets resulted in significantly higher ( P < 0.05) feminization rates (97.22–100%) than did the control (39.69%) but with no difference between the two E2 diets ( P > 0.05). Female and male gonads were observed in fish fed the 60 mg E2 /kg diet. No significant differences were observed in the survival rate, weight gain, gonad weight and length, specific growth rate ( SGR ), or gonadosomatic indexes, except for gonad length and SGR at the end of the experiment. Although the ovary length of fish fed the 60 mg E2 /kg diet was significantly shorter than that of the control groups, no abnormalities were detected. In contrast, fish fed 120 mg E2 /kg grew faster than the other fish and showed sexual dimorphism. Our results suggest that supplementation of E2 at 60–120 mg/kg diet could be applied to establish all‐female populations of silver perch.
Introduction to (Mis)managing Macroprudential Expectations: the turn to tail risk

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This chapter introduces the Bank of England’s turn to tail risk following the Global Financial Crisis and presents the main contours of the book’s arguments. It contends that efforts to capture tail risks go beyond the macroprudential policy objectives of identifying and monitoring systemic risks to financial stability. Rather, the calculation of tail risk contributes to managing the expectations that regulated institutions have around the Bank of England’s macroprudential approach, its willingness to support struggling institutions, and the use of novel macroprudential policy tools. This chapter subsequently sets out the book’s main arguments relating to the Bank of England’s treatment of climate change as a threat to financial stability. It contends that the identification of future climate tail risks simultaneously reveals opportunities for private profit and non-bank lending within the financial system. It outlines a series of provocations relating to this development and sets out the structure of the book.
Effects of dietary substitution of peanut meal for soybean meal on egg production, egg quality, oxidative status, and yolk fatty acid profile in laying ducks

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

There is an urgent need to evaluate and introduce alternatives for the unsustainable and traditional feed stuffs in poultry. This study evaluated the effects of graded replacement of soybean meal (SBM) by peanut meal (PNM) on egg production, egg quality, oxidative status, and yolk fatty acid profile in laying ducks. In total, 360 Longyan ducks aged 21 weeks were allocated to five treatments, each containing six replicates of 12 birds. Birds were fed the diets containing PNM replacing 0 (control), 25, 50, 75 or 100% of SBM for 16 weeks. With the increase of PNM level, egg production was improved (quadratic, P < 0.05), egg weight and feed consumption were decreased, feed conversion ratio and egg mass were impaired at 100% PNM, and yolk colour was enhanced (quadratic, P < 0.05). Plasma malondialdehyde concentration was increased at 100% PNM, while plasma glutathione concentration was decreased (quadratic, P < 0.01) as PNM substitution increased. Total cholesterol content in yolk decreased (P < 0.01) in response to increased PNM substitution. The contents of saturated fatty acids C20:0 and C22:0 in yolk increased (linear or quadratic, P < 0.05) with increased PNM substitution, but the contents of saturated fatty acid C18:0, monounsaturated fatty acid C22:1, and polyunsaturated fatty acids C18:3n-3 and C22:6n-3 in yolk were decreased (linear, P < 0.05) as PNM replacement increased. The contents in yolk of polyunsaturated fatty acid C18:2n-6, C20:2n-6, C20:3n-6, C20:4n-6, and total amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased with the highest contents obtained at 75% PNM substitution. The ratio between n-6 and n-3 increased (linear, P < 0.05) as PNM substitution increased. The transcript abundance in liver of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors γ and fatty acid synthase showed quadratic (P < 0.05) responses with PNM replacement, with the highest expression of both genes being obtained with 75% substitution with PNM. Replacement of dietary SBM with 100% PNM decreased egg production and antioxidant capacity and increased the ratio of omega fatty acid in yolk between n-6 and n-3 in laying ducks. The obtained results indicate that PNM can be used to replace up to 75% of SBM in the diet of laying ducks without negative effects on the egg-laying production or egg quality. The regression model indicated that the maximal egg mass was obtained at no more than 67.6% replacement of SBM with PNM in the diet of laying ducks.