jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study Between Open Hemorrhoidectomy and Rubber Band Ligation for Second Degree Hemorrhoids: A Prospective Randomized Control Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The symptoms of hemorrhoids has a wide spectrum that ranges from bleeding per rectum, itching, prolapse of the hemorrhoidal cushions, thrombosis leading to pain and discomfort, incontinence especially of fluids and mucous discharge. But for surgical management, hemorrhoidectomy is more sustainable in symptom control and has been considered as gold standard. Rubber band ligation has been the most popular amongst non-surgical interventions because of its effectiveness, minimal complication rate and shorter recover period compared to operative procedures. The present study aimed at determining the efficacy and safety of rubber banding ligation procedure versus the standard hemorrhoidectomy for second degree hemorrhoids. Methods: A prospective randomised comparative study was conducted at Department of Surgery, Indira Gandhi Medical College Hospital, Puducherry for 18 months after getting institutional ethical committee clearance. A total no. of 74 cases of 2nd degree hemorrhoids were divided into two groups A (open hemorrhoidectomy) and B (banding) by simple randomization technique of 37 each. A detailed history & examination including per rectal and Proctoscopy examination was done of each patient and the data entered in the pro forma. The description of data was expressed in the form of mean±SD for quantitative data, while frequency and proportion for qualitative data. Results: Totally male patients represented 57% compared to female with 43% 78% of the patients who underwent banding did not have any immediate post-operative complications while only 4 persons reported pain and bleeding post-operatively compared to 12 patients reporting bleeding and 11 patients reporting pain after hemorrhoidectomy. The duration of hospital stay post procedures was found to be lesser in banding group compared to hemorrhoidectomy group with p value being statistically highly significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Rubber band ligation is very simple, safe, effective outpatient procedure that can be performed for grade II hemorrhoids. It generally requires fewer expertise and instruments. It is found to improve the symptoms of the patients and making them sustain a good quality of life since it has minimal complications.
Blackstone on Richard II

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Blackstone on Richard II Get access J. C. Maxwell J. C. Maxwell Kings College, University of Durham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shakespeare Quarterly, Volume 9, Issue 4, Autumn 1958, Page 595, https://doi.org/10.2307/2867168 Published: 01 October 1958
Integrated Health Alert System with Visual Analytics for Proactive Monitoring

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The proposed system combines predictive analytics and historical data to flag potential emergencies before they occur. The visual analytics platform provides comprehensive reports to healthcare providers, enabling them to monitor trends, identify risk factors, and make informed decisions. This approach significantly enhances patient care by minimizing delays in response and improving overall health outcomes. The system's architecture, based on big data frameworks, supports scalable and efficient data processing. The study demonstrates how the integration of predictive models and data visualization tools can revolutionize health alert systems, making them more responsive and adaptive to individual patient needs. Future enhancements will focus on incorporating machine learning models for more personalized predictions and extending the system's capabilities to remote patient care.
Language Assessment Literacy in Second Signed Language Assessment Contexts

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract There are growing numbers of students who enroll sign language programs. Most of them are hearing students whose first language is in the aural-oral modality. Learning signed language challenges them to communicate via the visual-manual modality; a process that is known to be demanding (Kemp, 1998). Therefore, in instruction it is essential to monitor this process by means of effective and efficient assessment (Miller et al., 2008). Rather remarkably, there are only a few tests developed to assess students’ proficiency in sign language. This implies that most instructors, who are involved in sign language teaching, have to develop tests and assessments themselves. Complicating factor, however, is that most instructors are not specifically trained on this topic, i.e. their knowledge and skills to evaluate or design language tests is limited. In this chapter, we will bring issues to view that are involved with the design of sign language assessments. Sign language proficiency can be broken down into two components: the visual receptive and manual expressive component. The assessment of these components will be discussed in the context of validity, reliability, authenticity, impact and practicality. We aim to provide a comprehensive matrix of issues in test design, with special focus on the pitfalls one may encounter in using or developing sign language tests for production as well as receptive skills. The matrix is a first attempt to provide a knowledge base on sign language assessment that might be helpful for instructors to become more literate on the subject matter.
Sociogenetics: Exploring fine-scale social structure of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The sociogenetic structure of woodland caribou was explored using non-invasive fecal sampling. Fecal pellet sampling occurred in South Jasper during the fall of (2006 to 2012) and in North Interlake during the winter (2004 to 2010). Samples were amplified at 10 microsatellite loci and unique individuals identified. We used fecal pellet morphometrics and measured fecal reproductive hormone levels to distinguish calf from adult age-classes of woodland caribou. In addition, we conducted pedigree analysis of South Jasper caribou using the COLONY 2.0 program. Results demonstrated that pellet morphology, pregnane, and testosterone were able to differentiate age-class. Additionally, South Jasper caribou herds exhibited a polygynous mating system whereby few males dominated the reproductive output (only 20%) and female reproductive output was evenly distributed (39%). This study demonstrates the ability of non-invasive fecal methods to answer important questions pertaining to the age-class, mating system and fitness of woodland caribou.
Research Article Self-Reported Efficacy of Cannabis and Other Complementary Medicine Modalities by Parkinson’s Disease Patients in Colorado

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Introduction. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is frequently used by Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. We sought to provide information on CAM use and efficacy in PD patients in the Denver metro area with particular attention to cannabis use given its recent change in legal status.Methods. Self-administered surveys on CAM use and efficacy were completed by PD patients identified in clinics and support groups across the Denver metro area between 2012 and 2013. Results. 207 patients (age 69 ± 11; 60 % male) completed the survey. Responses to individual CAM therapy items showed that 85 % of respondents used at least one
Assessing the Impact of Climate on Tourism Development in Afghanistan through the SWOT Method: A Case Study of Nuristan Province's Natural Forests.

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Tourism development is one of the most desirable options for community/society development as its potential economic remuneration, directly and indirectly, contributes toward the cultural, environmental, and economic improvement of society. Since leveraging the environmental capabilities of each region can be a catalyst for its development, especially considering climate as a fundamental factor in the development of regions, this study investigates the application of climate in tourism development in Afghanistan using the SWOT analysis method to assess opportunities, threats, strengths, and weaknesses. The SWOT analysis quantitatively examined the strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities of the natural forests of Nuristan Province. The statistical population of the research consisted of all tourists and visitors, as well as officials of relevant organizations and administrations. In this research, considering the large numbers of tourists and the lack of accurate statistics, 300 individuals’ tourists, and visitors were selected using accidental sampling methods. Additionally, due to the small population size, 25 targeted individuals were selected for the statistical population of officials. The results indicated that tourism development has always been associated with environmental damage, which can lead to resource depletion and conflicting interests among various stakeholders. Therefore, appropriate planning for sustainable tourism development should be implemented, including cost-effective methods to achieve this goal. Different countries have attempted to manage ecotourism sustainability by formulating goals, and strategies, and implementing policies considering their natural and cultural potentials. Developed countries emphasize compliance with national and international standards and increasing service quality, necessitating the formulation of a national document for transformation and development in this area.
The Constructs of Advertising Soundness and Verification of Advertising Effects

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

광고산업의 지속적인 성장을 모색하기 위해, 이 연구에서는 광고 건전성 문제를 탐색적으로 규명했다. 광고업계에 불공정 거래, 부당 광고, 유해 광고, 뒷광고가 많은 상황에서 광고에 대한 소비자의 회피나 불신을 신뢰로 바꿀 필요가 있었다. 따라서 언론 분야의 윤리적 설득 모델인 타레스(TARES) 원칙을 적용해, 광고 건전성의 구성요인을 도출했다. 또한, 광고 건전성이 광고 신뢰, 광고 태도, 광고 이용에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 검증했다. 연구 결과, 광고 건전성은 메시지 진실성, 직업적 진정성, 소비자 존중성, 사회적 책임성, 메시지 호감성이라는 5가지 요인으로 구성되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 5가지 구성요인이 광고 신뢰, 광고 이용, 광고태도에 직간접적인 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인했다.
Coelomomyces Lairdi, N. Sp., A Fungal Parasite of Larvae of the Anopheles (Cellia) Punctulatus Complex (Diptera: Gulicidae) from the Highlands of Irian Jaya (Indonesian New Guinea)

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Coelomomyces Lairdi, N. Sp., A Fungal Parasite of Larvae of the Anopheles (Cellia) Punctulatus Complex (Diptera: Gulicidae) from the Highlands of Irian Jaya (Indonesian New Guinea) Get access Mario Maffi, Mario Maffi 1 1Permanent address: 16030 Cavi (Genova), Italia. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard A. Nolan Richard A. Nolan 2Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. Johnʼs, Newfoundland, Canada AIC 5S7 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Medical Entomology, Volume 14, Issue 1, 20 August 1977, Pages 29–32, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/14.1.29 Published: 20 August 1977
Judgment at Tokyo: The Japanese War Crimes Trials

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Judgment at Tokyo: The Japanese War Crimes Trials Get access Maga TimJudgment at Tokyo: The Japanese War Crimes Trials 2001Lexington University Press of Kentuckyxiv181$25.00, ISBN 0-8131-2177-9. Michael A. Barnhart Michael A. Barnhart State University of New York Stony Brook, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 88, Issue 4, March 2002, Pages 1591–1592, https://doi.org/10.2307/2700725 Published: 01 March 2002
Pengaruh Lokasi dan Kurikulum Terhadap Keputusan Orang Tua dalam Memilih Sekolah dengan Brand Image Sebagai Variabel Intervening pada SD Global Jaya Tangerang Selatan

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In the past few years, there has been a rise in private schools’ numbers. There’s also been a phenomenon where more and more parents seek for private schools, especially those who use international curriculum, for their children. The emerging of new privates schools brings tight competition which compells long-established private schools, such as Global Jaya Primary School, to be more vigilant in analyzing their strengths in order to rise above the competition and secures more students. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of location and curriculum towards parents’ decision to enroll their children in Global Jaya Primary School through brand image as the intervening variable. This is a quantitative study which uses the primary data from questionnaire to parents. This study uses total population sampling. The data is processed using SEM-PLS. The result shows that (1) location has positive and significant effect on brand image, (2) curriculum has positive and significant effect on brand image, (3) location has direct positive and significant effect on parents’ decision to choose schools, (4) curriculum has direct positive and significant effect on parents’ decision to choose schools, (5) brand image has positive and significant effect on parents’ decision to choose schools, (6) location has positive and significant effect on parents’ decision to choose schools through brand image, (7) curriculum has positive and significnat effect on parents’ decision to choose schools through brand image.
Plasma (1.RAR.3)-.BETA.-D-glucan Measurement and Polymerase Chain Reaction on Sputum as Practical Parameters in Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report a case of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome diagnosed and monitored with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Pneumocystis carinii on sputum and measurement of plasma (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan (G-test). Results of both studies paralleled the clinical and radiographic improvement. However, the plasma (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan level remained higher than normal when PCR for Pneumocystis carinii became negative in sputum. Both PCR for Pneumocystis carinii on sputum and measurement of plasma (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan are useful for noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of Pneumocystis carinii, although further investigation is necessary to quantify their relationship.
Open Water Test

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Main objective of propeller design is the creation of a hull-propeller propulsion system with high efficiency. The system must produce as much thrust as possible for as little power spent as possible. This chapter discusses the open water tests. It focuses on hydrodynamic propeller characteristics. The chapter determines the open water efficiency. The thrust created by a propeller and the required torque to generate that thrust are analyzed in an open water test. It is called open water test because the propeller operates in a uniform flow. During resistance tests it ensured that the wave pattern and wave resistance are similar to the full scale vessel. The purpose of the open water test is to determine thrust under different operating conditions and the associated torque necessary. The open water diagram shows the thrust generating capability of a propeller. It plays an important role in matching a propeller to a given ship hull.
Brief History of Medicine and Future Healthcare Improvement, A

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Medicine is and always has been an essential part of human existence. Throughout history, our ancestors have been consistently striving to cure disease, ease pain and prolong life. Although medicine has drastically evolved through time, these goals still define the core of today's medicine, and thus history intimately connects us with our ancestors. This link allows humanity to learn from countless years of human experience, and gain valuable information that enables incredible improvements. By implementing knowledge from past successes and failures in medicine, changes can be focused, efficient and evidence based. Therefore, the undeniable synergy between the history of medicine and healthcare improvement, warrants a thorough review of medicine's past, present and future. Healthcare has rapidly developed through history and its progression is still rapidly increasing. A once barbaric and chaotic trade has evolved into one of the most precise and calculated professions in the world. Although medicine has become highly advanced with cures for complex diseases and innovative treatments, that is not to say it is perfect by any measure. In fact, our US healthcare system is badly broken. There are numerous improvements to be made, primarily to improve the quality, access and cost of good healthcare. More specifically, the major problems in our healthcare system are: medical errors, physician time with patients, access to care and end of life care. Reassuringly, there are many feasible innovative solutions and great minds dedicated to fixing these issues.
THE BEHAVIOR, STABILITY PROPERTIES, AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF RHAMNOLIPID BIOSURFACTANTS IN OIL DEGRADATION

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Rhamnolipid biosurfactants are among the most investigated for various applications, owing not only to their much lower environmental impact compared to chemical surfactants but also because they have proven effective in reducing surface tension and critical micelle concentration (CMC). However, there is concern regarding their high cost. This work aims to determine important behavior and properties of rhamnolipids and verify their potential for oil degradation. They were characterized using FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy to determine the main functional groups and the chemical structure of rhamnolipids for oil degreasing. Then, the influence of thermodynamic properties on CMC stability was studied to establish the stability behavior. This investigation is essential as good oil degreasing products require low CMC values to minimize the amount used during the oil removal process, form micelles, and solubilize dirt and oil. The oil degradation ability of rhamnolipids in different concentrations was studied using an oil dispersion test and the method of oil removal from a glass surface. Overall, this investigation proves that the temperature of the solution and immersion time influenced the CMC and surface tension value for the rhamnolipids. The lowest CMC value was 35 mg/L at 55 °C after 48 h of stabilization. The minimum recommended amount of rhamnolipids for the oil degrease formulation was also found to be 0.1% w/v, which is very low. This study showed that the behavior and stability of rhamnolipids are suitable for oil degradation applications and can efficiently replace chemical surfactants in oil degradation products.
A Process Model of Sport Fan Detachment

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Within the field of sport marketing, scholarship to date has predominantly focused on the drivers of fan loyalty and allegiance, and the motivational aspects of fan behavior, at the expense of understanding the deterioration of the relationship between the sport consumer and sport team. Previous customer-brand relationship literature was integrated to propose and test a model of sport fan detachment. A qualitative study of lapsed season ticket holders was conducted to gain a deep understanding of the fan’s individual lived experience. The findings contribute a four-part sequential process of a breakdown trigger, iterative decline, disengagement incident, and exit phase, to explain how a sport fan detaches from their chosen team. This process has significant managerial implications for team administrators since an understanding of each phase of the process provides opportunities to intervene, including tailored team communication and ticket packages.
Association between Chronic Misophonia-Induced Stress and Gastrointestinal Pathology in Children—A Hypothesis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Misophonia is a neurophysiological disorder with behavioral implications, is complex and multifactorial in origin, and is characterized by an atypical and disproportionate emotional response to specific sounds or associated visual stimuli. Triggers include human-generated sounds, mainly sounds related to feeding and breathing processes, and repetitive mechanical sounds. In response to the triggering stimulus, the patient experiences immediate, high-intensity, disproportionate physical and emotional reactions that affect their quality of life and social functioning. The symptoms of misophonia can occur at any age, but onset in childhood or adolescence is most common. Affected children live in a constant state of anxiety, suffer continuous physical and emotional discomfort, and are thus exposed to significant chronic stress. Chronic stress, especially during childhood, has consequences on the main biological systems through the dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, including the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we provide arguments for a positive correlation between misophonic pathology and gastrointestinal symptoms, and this hypothesis may be the starting point for further longitudinal studies that could investigate the correlations between these childhood vulnerabilities caused by misophonia and their effect on the gastrointestinal system. Further research to study this hypothesis is essential to ensure correct and timely diagnosis and optimal psychological and pharmacological support.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Novel Nucleic Acid Mimic: P‐Boranomethylphosphonate

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Renin-Angiotensin System and Antihypertensive Drugs in Alzheimer's Disease: Current Standing of the Angiotensin Hypothesis?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There is an urgent need to improve upon Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatments. Limitations of existing drugs are that they target specific downstream neurochemical abnormalities while the upstream underlying pathology continues unchecked. Preferable treatments would be those that can target a number of the broad range of molecular and cellular abnormalities that occur in AD such as amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau-mediated damage, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, as well more systemic abnormalities such as brain atrophy, impaired cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebrovascular disease. Recent pre-clinical, epidemiological, and a limited number of clinical investigations have shown that prevention of the signaling of the multifunctional and potent vasoconstrictor angiotensin II (Ang II) may offer broad benefits in AD. In addition to helping to ameliorate co-morbid hypertension, these drugs also likely improve diminished CBF which is common in AD and can contribute to focal Aβ pathology. These drugs, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, or angiotensin receptor antagonists (ARAs) may also help deteriorating cognitive function by preventing Ang II-mediated inhibition of acetylcholine release as well as interrupt the upregulation of deleterious inflammatory pathways that are widely recognized in AD. Given the current urgency to find better treatments for AD and the relatively immediate availability of drugs that are already widely prescribed for the treatment of hypertension, one of the largest modifiable risk factors for AD, this article reviews current knowledge as to the eligibility of ACE-inhibitors and ARAs for consideration in future clinical trials in AD.