jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Complications of Femoral and Acetabular Modularity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The versatility of modular total hip arthroplasties have rapidly extended their applications. However, these new interfaces can lead to complications that were not observed with monolithic components. These problems have been noted with modular femoral and acetabular components and have been associated with the generation of particulate debris. This article reviews the authors' clinical observations and histologic, biomechanic, and spectophotometric evaluations of modular total hip arthroplasties. New data comparing both synovial fluid metal levels in well-fixed and loose monolithic and modular prosthetic hip implants are presented. In modular total hip components, synovial fluid cobalt levels correlated positively with patient weight and length of implantation. The generation of particulate debris in modular total hip components may induce periprosthetic osteolysis. Taper locks for femoral components and locking mechanisms for the polyethylene liner and metallic cup must be designed to avoid the production of particulate debris.
Cumulative Light Effects on Growth and Flowering of Tomato Seedlings

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Tomato seedlings (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv . Laura) were grown in an environmental chamber. In two separate experiments, plant growth from emergence to anthesis was divided into three equivalent segments based on either the actual number of days or the stage of plant development. In both experiments, plants were exposed to a high PPF (300 μmol·s -1 ·m -2 ) 2 ) treatment (H) for one segment and a lower PPF (150 μmol· s -1 ·m -2 ) treatment (L), for the other two segments, resulting in three light treatment combinations (i.e., HLL, LHL, and LLH). Total dry weight and dry weight per unit of leaf area increased significantly in response to high PPF during all three treatment periods. Final plant weights and plant heights differed significantly between treatments, resulting in distinct plant growth characteristics. Plants from the HLL treatment began to flower 1 day before the LHL treatment and 2 days before the LLH treatment. The HLL plants initiated fewer leaves before initiation of the floral axis than the LHL and LLH plants. The light environment following the initial segment of seedling development most influenced final truss position at anthesis.
[Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system. Multiple remission with corticosteroid therapy].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A primary T-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system was diagnosed at autopsy in a 73-year-old woman. The course of the illness was made of multiple neurological episodes: hypersomnia, palsies of cranial nerves, aphasia, hemiparesis, epileptic fits during 4 years, with fast recoveries under corticosteroid therapy. CT scan and MRI abnormalities were also dramatically improved by the treatment.
Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Impairs Neurogenic and Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation of Rabbit Corpus Cavernosum Smooth Muscle: Improvement With Chronic Oral Administration of L-Arginine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Male and Female Sexual Function and Dysfunction; Andrology1 Nov 2005Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Impairs Neurogenic and Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation of Rabbit Corpus Cavernosum Smooth Muscle: Improvement With Chronic Oral Administration of L-Arginine Allen SeftelM.D. Allen SeftelAllen Seftel More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)68851-7AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Impairs Neurogenic and Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation of Rabbit Corpus Cavernosum Smooth Muscle: Improvement With Chronic Oral Administration of L-Arginine." The Journal of Urology, 174(5), p. 1941 © 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 174Issue 5November 2005Page: 1941 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Allen Seftel More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Purification and molecular properties of acid phosphatase from sycamore cell walls

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract. An acid phosphatase is isolated and purified to homogeneity from sycamore cell walls. The enzyme, which has a molecular weight close to 100,000, is a glycoprotein and is most probably made up of one polypeptide chain only. Its amino acid composition has been determined. Although homogeneous to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under non‐denaturing conditions, the enzyme preparation still contains protease traces that tend to split polypeptide chain in two fragments.
Empathy in healthcare interpreting: going beyond the notion of role

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The paper investigates empathy in healthcare interpreting by suggesting a theoretical \nframework through which some of the rigidities and ambiguities of traditional role categories \nmay be overcome. Methodologically, a trifocal model has been designed entailing: a \nclose-up view at locally produced interactional moves in mediated professional-patient encounters \nrecorded at family planning clinics; an intermediate view focusing on the mediators’ \nresponses to a situational questionnaire; and a distance view of their tested individual \ndispositions. The interest of the analysis lies in the presentation of an innovative research \nmodel built on the core construct of empathy, and in the working hypotheses that may be \nderived from the interplay between its three in-built perspectives, rather than in the findings \nthemselves which are hardly generalizable given the limited set of data under scrutiny.
The effect of adrenal and gonadal hormones on vascular permeability in rat skin.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The effect of adrenal and gonadal hormones on vascular permeability induced by intradermal injection of prostaglandins (PGs) E1, F2alfa, arachidonic acid and compound 48/80 have been examined in the rate. PGE1, arachidonic acid and compound 48/80 produced an increase in local vascular permeability. PGF2alfa decreased the action of these vasoactive agents, when it was injected in a mixture intradermally with PGE1, arachidonic acid and compound 48/80. Vasoactive response induced by PGE1, arachidonic acid and compound 48/80 was inhibited by the removal of adrenals and testes, and it was restored to normal by injection either of cortisol, deoxycorticosterone (DOC) or testosterone. In adrenalectomized rats, no change was observed in the inhibition of vascular permeability elicited by PGF2alfa response to compound 48/80. The blocking effect of PGF2alfa on vascular permeability evoked by PGE1 and arachidonic acid showed a considerable decrease. After orchidectomy the inhibitory effect of PGF2alfa on the vascular permeability induced by arachidonic acid and compound 48/80 was completely blocked, while in the case of PGE1 the inhibition was partial. Testosterone treatment restored the anti-inflammatory effect of PGF2alfa against compound 48/80. Ovariectomy was without any effect on vascular response.
In-situ validation of a new sizing methodology for combined production and distribution for domestic hot water and space heating

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Collective heating systems are becoming more frequent due to their sustainable and economic benefits. Nevertheless, some aspects, such as how to size collective installations that provide heat for both space heating and domestic hot water, are not yet fully understood. Based on an initial evaluation and feedback from designers, it is found that current sizing methods are insufficient. Recently, a new method 'maximum sum of parts' was proposed that aims to achieve a more optimal design. A validation procedure is presented in this study, which is developed to validate this new method using (smart) heat meter readings. The validation procedure uses insight from an earlier study to cope with the limitations of this type of data to identify the peak heat demand of the system. The outcome of the procedure is characteristic, showing the different possible production capacity thermal storage combinations required to meet peak heat demand. Furthermore, the validation procedure is demonstrated by examining two case studies and thereby providing a first validation of the new method. The results show that the desired characteristic can be obtained based on (smart) heat meter readings. Although, some limitations remain, in particular how to consider the influence of the outdoor conditions into the validation. Moreover, the first two case studies are not representative to give a first validation of the new sizing method. Due to, inter alia, changes to the heating system it is possible that the peak heat demand is underestimated.
Iridium-coated ruthenium nanocatalysts for optimization of oxygen evolution reaction in acidic and alkaline media

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Currently, as the threat of global warming intensifies, exploration of ways to efficiently and economically use renewable sources of energy is becoming more essential. Varying power supply by solar and wind energies as well as the need for a carbon-free fuel in fossil fuel-dominant transportation sector have increased demand for energy storage. Hydrogen, currently being one of the best choice for energy storage, is mostly produced from natural gas. To increase the role of water electrolysis in producing hydrogen, its efficiency, limited by oxygen evolution reaction (OER), has to increase. Based on various successful core-shell structuring strategy for OER nanocatalysts, an Ir-coated Ru core-shell-like nanoparticle with Ru-to-Ir atomic ratios of 3:7, 3:10 and 3:15 (Ru3@Ir7, Ru3@Ir10 and Ru3@Ir15 respectively) were synthesized. At overpotential of 200 mV (1.43 V versus RHE), Ru3@Ir10 nanocatalyst recorded the highest specific OER activities (0.61 μA/cm2oxide in KOH and 8.02 μA/cm2oxide in HClO4) and highest mass activities (0.53 A/goxide in KOH and 6.92 A/goxide HClO4) among the bimetallic nanocatalysts in this study, with higher stability and lower dissolution compared to Ru nanocatalyst after 50-cycle cyclic voltammetry protocol in both electrolytes. The substantially stable and highly catalytically active (near) core-shell nanocatalyst has high potential for usage in water electrolysers in both acidic and alkaline media.
Exploring the bearing of liquidity risk in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) banks

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The paper examines how liquidity risk affects the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) bank profitability. Banks need profitability to survive, but liquidity risk measures long-term company health. Through Refinitiv Eikon, quantitative data was collected over 11 years from 2012 to 2022 for 71 MENA banks to support the theoretical study. Return on Equity (ROE), a profitability indicator, is the dependent variable, whereas liquidity risk is the independent variable and controlling for size, loan quality, inflation, gross domestic product, income diversification, operational efficiency, capital adequacy, and growth. This study estimates the impact of liquidity risk on MENA bank profitability using OLS and panel regression (fixed and random effects). Several results were found, such as that bank size, operational efficiency, and non-performing loans negatively affect profitability, suggesting that large banks have higher operating costs and may weaken profitability in MENA. Besides, additional non-performing loans increase the bank’s costs and thus diminish profitability. Also, if the bank has no control over the operational expenses, then this will lead to reduce profitability. Liquidity risk, capital adequacy, income diversification, and growth have a positive significant impact on ROE implying that banks with higher growth opportunities, better capital adequacy ratio, more income sources, and liquidity risk will result in higher profitability as explained by the risk-reward theory. The results are robust and this has been confirmed by applying the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM).

Impact statement

This study aims to investigate the influence of liquidity risk on the profitability of banks in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region over the period of 2012 to 2022 for a total of 71 banks. The analysis employs Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and panel regression techniques, including fixed and random effects models. The results are robust and this has been verified by implementing the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). Multiple findings indicate that factors such as bank size, operational efficiency, and non-performing loans have a negative impact on profitability. Besides, Liquidity risk, income diversification, growth, capital adequacy and gross domestic product have positive impact on profitability. This study provides valuable insights into the complex relationship between liquidity risk and profitability in the banking sector of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The study's conclusions not only contribute to academic knowledge but also have practical consequences for banking professionals, regulators, and investors, highlighting its broad influence across various sectors.

Other Information

Published in: Cogent Economics & Finance
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
See article on publisher's website: https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2024.2330840
Developing Critical Reflection and Critical Thinking Skills – Exercises to Encourage Student Engagement

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The ability to critically reflect is a key skill required by students but can be taken for granted. Additionally, the difficulty of developing such skills is often underestimated, especially when students are not used to working in that way. Admiral Nurses, specialist dementia nurses, work predominantly with carers on a long-term basis, often in complex family situations. While they have a broad range of clinical, practical and psychological skills, they are also required to engage with their Competency Framework through critical conversations and discussions of supporting evidence they have collected. Two exercises have been used with Admiral Nurses on the University of Worcester’s Masters level module to help develop different aspects of critical reflection, moving from a theoretical understanding to using the skills in practice. \nFirstly, an art exercise was used to encourage peer support and enable the Admiral Nurses to experience the process of critical reflection in a practical way rather than following a theoretical model. Secondly, therapeutic letter writing involved thinking about writing a letter to a member of a family they are working with, focusing on their own reflections of an interaction and identifying the strengths present within that family relationship. \nBoth exercises provoked positive and powerful responses from the Admiral Nurses, even though they would not initially appear to be obvious choices for this student group. The underlying principles make them useful exercises for different student groups where the practical application of critical reflection is required, and would transfer readily to a variety of subject areas.
Embryo Disposition Disputes: Controversies and Case Law

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract When prospective parents use in vitro fertilization, many of them hope to generate more embryos than they intend to implant immediately. The technology often requires multiple attempts to reach a successful pregnancy, and couples can cryopreserve any excess embryos so that they have them on hand for later attempts. As part of obtaining informed consent for IVF or cryopreservation, clinics typically ask patients to specify their preferences for the embryos in the event of divorce or death, offering options such as use of the embryos by a specified partner, donation to research, or discarding the remaining embryos. Still, many courts face a recurring problem: the partners dissolve their relationship (typically through divorce), and one party wants to use the frozen embryos over the objections of the other. Courts and legislatures have struggled with how to handle these cases, which seem to pit one partner's right to procreate against the other's right not to procreate. In this essay, we use one of the most recent decisions in this line of cases—the Appellate Court of Illinois's decision in Szafranski v. Dunston—to explain the current state of the law and make recommendations for changes. The issue is ripe for revisiting because in the last year, embryo disputes have become a battlefront for larger conflagrations over the moral status of embryos.
Development and Validation of a Nocturnal Hypoglycaemia Risk Model for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Aim To develop and test different machine learning algorithms for predicting nocturnal hypoglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Design A retrospective study. Methods We collected data from dynamic blood glucose monitoring of patients with T2DM admitted to the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism at a hospital in Shanghai, China, from November 2020 to January 2022. Patients undergone the continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for ≥ 24 h were included in this study. Logistic regression, random forest and light gradient boosting machine algorithms were employed, and the models were validated and compared using AUC, accuracy, specificity, recall rate, precision, F1 score and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Results A total of 4015 continuous glucose‐monitoring data points from 440 patients were included, and 28 variables were selected to build the risk prediction model. The 440 patients had an average age of 62.7 years. Approximately 48.2% of the patients were female and 51.8% were male. Nocturnal hypoglycaemia appeared in 573 (14.30%) of 4015 continuous glucose monitoring data. The light gradient boosting machine model demonstrated the highest predictive performances: AUC (0.869), specificity (0.802), accuracy (0.801), precision (0.409), recall rate (0.797), F1 score (0.255) and Kolmogorov (0.603). The selected predictive factors included time below the target glucose range, duration of diabetes, insulin use before bed and dynamic blood glucose monitoring parameters from the previous day. Patient or Public Contribution No Patient or Public Contribution.
Expression Patterns of DNA Methylation and Demethylation Genes during Plant Development and in Response to Phytohormones

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

DNA methylation and demethylation precisely and effectively modulate gene expression during plant growth and development and in response to stress. However, expression profiles of genes involved in DNA methylation and demethylation during plant development and their responses to phytohormone treatments remain largely unknown. We characterized the spatiotemporal expression patterns of genes involved in de novo methylation, methyl maintenance, and active demethylation in roots, shoots, and reproductive organs using β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter lines. Promoters of DNA demethylases were generally more highly active at the mature root tissues, whereas the promoters of genes involved in DNA methylation were more highly active at fast-growing root tissues. The promoter activity also implies that methylation status in shoot apex, leaf primordia, floral organs, and developing embryos is under tight equilibrium through the activity of genes involved in DNA methylation and demethylation. The promoter activity of DNA methylation and demethylation-related genes in response to various phytohormone treatments revealed that phytohormones can alter DNA methylation status in specific and redundant ways. Overall, our results illustrate that DNA methylation and demethylation pathways act synergistically and antagonistically in various tissues and in response to phytohormone treatments and point to the existence of hormone-linked methylome regulation mechanisms that may contribute to tissue differentiation and development.
Determination of the self-inductance of a metal ring

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The authors determine the self-inductance of a non-ferromagnetic metallic ring (of order 10-8H) to an accuracy of about 10%. The method is based on measuring the phase difference between induced EMF and induced current in the ring when the ring is exposed to an alternating magnetic flux. Both the theory and measurement are sufficiently simple for A-level laboratory-other methods generally fail for such low values of inductance.
Brokering Culture and Labor: An Anthropological Analysis of IT Offshore Labor between Japan and India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The rapid expansion of information and communication technology (ICT) has accelerated the distribution of work across geographically dispersed areas, and this transnational relocation of work is viewed as a seamless transaction by proponents of technological globalization. However, a close examination of the collaboration involved in Indian/Japanese software offshoring illuminates an array of difficulties that problematize the "seamlessness" of this endeavor. This dissertation investigated the complex social world of offshoring by focusing on analyzing India-Japan software offshoring, and the study revealed corporate control as well as workers' efforts and struggles to make this ICT-supported relocation of work function smoothly. Through the analysis of the interviews with Indian software engineers and liaison officers between companies and within companies, in combination with observations of their workplaces, this dissertation highlights the corporate demands for flexibility in two layers: demands for being flexible in macro-labor circulations, to function as "labor buffers," and being flexible in terms of micro-communication issues and clients' demands. At the same time, it also reveals that corporate control is not a monolithic and totalizing force, but a complex and contradictory process generated through the struggles and intense labor of both Indian and Japanese sides that attempt to connect the disjunctions and make the business look "seamless." This study illuminates the irony that the relocation of work can intensify labor for both sides because of clients' micromanagement and communication difficulties. In addition, it also captures workers' efforts to distance themselves from corporate control, and their attempt to utilize the "onsite opportunity" to pursue their own interest. By highlighting the corporate demands for dual flexibility, as well as layers of communication difficulties and contradictions in Japan-Indian offshoring businesses, this dissertation provides insight into an anthropological and sociological analysis of offshoring as a complex global social phenomenon.
Structure and function of human telomerase and H/ACA RNA

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The telomere ends of linear chromosomes are replicated by the riboprotein complex telomerase. Telomerase is a large riboprotein complex that uses an integral RNA template and a specialized reverse transcriptase to processively synthesize the G‐rich strand. Telomerase has only a low or undetectable level of activity in normal somatic cells, but is highly active in most cancers, and is thus of interest as a target for anticancer drugs. The RNA component of telomerase plays an integral role in catalysis, localization, and processing. Results on the structure of domains of the RNA component of human telomerase, and how mutations in the RNA affect the structure and function of telomerase, will be presented. These domains include a pseudoknot containing a catalytically essential triple helical region and an H/ACA domain. Related results on H/ACA snoRNAs involved in pseudouridylation will be presented.