jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis of Ship Fire Suppression Injection System according to Shape Variables

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this study, the spray performance was analyzed by carrying out the experimental and numerical analyses of a deck foam system which is an important component of the vessel fire suppression foam system. In the fire occurrence, the deck foam monitor, which is installed at regular intervals on the deck, sprays fire extinguishing fluid into the fire area to suppress the fire. For responding to the fire accidents, it is necessary to include a suitable spray distance and sufficient injection flow rate of foam which is made in foam station. In the flow analysis, variables consist of X1 to X4. The effect of X1 (length between bodies) to spray distance is small. When X2 (guide distance) and X3 (turbulence breaker distance) increase, spray distance is increased. Furthermore, the increase of X4 (nozzle-guide distance) tends to reduce the spray distance. Based on the analysis results of the four variables, a new model was designed to analyze and the results of this simulation confirmed that the spray distance was 70.7 m and the flow rate was 6165 l/min. The results of this study are expected to be available as basic data for basic design, characteristics and performance verification of similar fire extinguishing and spray equipment.
Outcome of Haemodialysis Arteriovenous Fistula in Baghdad, Iraq

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Vascular access (VA) is the life line for end stage renal disease (ESRD). Though there are many methods of VA, native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the oldest and the best. AVFs are prone to develop some complications. The aim of this combined prospective and retrospective clinical study was to assess the outcome of native haemodialysis AVF in Baghdad Medical City Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. Materials and Methods: Sixty-seven patients (43 males and 24 females) with ESRD were studied over 6 months, from April 1 to September 30, 2013. Demographic and clinical features as well as co-morbidities were checked. Allen’s test and examination of upper limb superficial veins were performed. Radio-cephalic or brachio-cephalic AVFs were created mostly under local anaesthesia using artery-side to vein-end anastamoses. Complications were noted during a follow-up period of 2 weeks to 6 months. Results: The mean age was 51.2 ± 14.4 years. Fistulas (n = 81) were mostly brachio-cephalic (n = 74, 91.4%). One fifth of patients were diabetics and 58.2% were hypertensive. End of the vein to side of the artery was used in 92.5%. All fistulae functioned primarily. Significant complications were thrombosis (n = 18, 22.2%), aneurysms (n = 3, 4.5%) and steal syndrome (n = 3, 13.6%). Distal oedema, venous congestion, wound infection and seroma were managed conservatively. Three surgical revisions were required, one for a large aneurysmal dilation (aneurysmectomy and vessel ligation) and two for an evacuation of seroma. Conclusion: AVF initial success was good. Late complications such as aneurysms and steal syndrome were almost within the reported rates whilst thrombosis was high.
Physicochemical Properties and Bacterial Resistance of Biodegradable Milk Protein Films Containing Agar and Pectin

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Free-standing sterilized edible films based on milk proteins, namely calcium caseinate and whey protein isolate, and polysaccharides, namely pectin and agar, were developed. Cross-linking of the proteins was achieved by the combination of thermal and radiative treatments. Autoclaving pectin and agar prior to their addition to the protein solutions generated films with an improved (P < or = 0.05) puncture strength. The presence of proteins and pectin-agar in the film formulation enhanced (P < or = 0.05) the moisture barrier of the films by 18%. A strain of Streptococcus thermophilus was used to assess the biodegradability behavior of the cross-linked films. Microbiological counts and soluble nitrogen analysis confirmed the biodegradability property of the milk protein films containing autoclaved pectin and agar.
Ownership Data Now Available for Hospice and Home Health Agencies

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Review of Ministry of Health’s Experience on Institutionalization of Health Technology Assessment in Turkey

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Evidence-based healthpolicies are indispensable for the health systems to achieve their objectivesand sustainability. In particular, the importance and necessity of developing evidence-basedhealth policies have increased due to reasons such as aging population, theincrease in the innovation of medical technologies and rapidly increasingcosts. There are different tools used to generate evidence-based healthpolicies, one of the most powerful of which is the health technology assessment(HTA). The method is gaining importance and its usage becomes widespread in theworld. Turkey has also launched some initiatives to institutionalize HTA in2012. The first important step has taken with the establishment of theDepartment of Health Technology Assessment under the General Directorate ofHealth Research (GDHR) of Ministry of Health. However, expectations regardingthe institutionalization of the HTA in Turkey have not fully met. In thisstudy, we aim (1) to share our experience on the activities carried out in theinstitutionalization process of HTA in Ministry of Health of Turkey and (2) tohelp policy makers to establish more powerful HTA structure by identifyingencountered problems and suggested solutions.
Peer to Peer Deaf Multiliteracies:Towards a Sustainable Approach to Education in Ghana

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In Ghana as many other countries in the global South, many children and young people are marginalized in education. From a pilot project we had learnt from our work in India that an approach based on “real literacies”, in which links are made to authentic literacies in the environment, with teaching and support by deaf peer tutors and deaf research assistants, was fruitful. That pilot also included consultations with the deaf community in Ghana. The project reported upon here, “Peer to peer deaf multiliteracies: research into a sustainable approach to education of Deaf children and young adults in developing countries “ (P2PDML) extended the principles to include young children as well as adults and was reconceptualised upon the richer foundation of multiliteracies, embracing available semiotic repertoires and means of learning. This paper presents three multimodal vignettes which illustrate the dynamic combinations of modes utilized in effective pedagogic activities and gives a flavour of the project’s approaches to peer tutoring and documentation of activities. Finally, in line with the conference theme, “The power and possibilities for the public good when researchers and organizational stakeholders collaborate” we also report on our engagement with significant stakeholders.
Effect of Fusarium solani f.sp. pisi on the Germination and Seedling Vigour of Pea

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Infection in begining was typically in the form of yellowing of lower leaves. Roots of diseased plants showed brownish to blackish lesions. Internal brown discolouration of root tissues was also observed. In vitro seed inoculation of pea with test fungus (Fusarium solani f.sp. pisi) resulted in a significant decrease in germination (28.18%) over check. Plumule length (24.60 mm) and radicle length (21.20 mm) were also found to be reduced to a great extent.
Cell-Specific Targeting of Genetically Encoded Tools for Neuroscience

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Genetically encoded tools for visualizing and manipulating neurons in vivo have led to significant advances in neuroscience, in large part because of the ability to target expression to specific cell populations of interest. Current methods enable targeting based on marker gene expression, development, anatomical projection pattern, synaptic connectivity, and recent activity as well as combinations of these factors. Here, we review these methods, focusing on issues of practical implementation as well as areas for future improvement.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DEADLOCK CONTROL FOR AUTOMATED MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Petri nets are robust mathematical tools for the modelling, handling, and control of deadlock problems in automated manufacturing systems (AMSs). Several methods have been proposed to prevent deadlocks in AMSs. However, it is important to convert the controlled system represented by Petri nets into the program of a programmable logic controller (PLC) for the implementation of automation tasks. This study proposes a methodology based on Petri nets for deadlock prevention, and generates PLC codes for an AMS. In the suggested methodology, a Petri net model of an uncontrolled system is built, and the controlled Petri net model is developed using a deadlock-prevention method. The controlled Petri net model is then transformed into an automation-controlled Petri net model, which is further converted into a controlled token-passing logic model. The controlled token- passing logic model is utilised to generate the ladder diagrams for the AMS under consideration. The proposed methodology was tested using a real-world AMS at King Saud University labs. It provides an effective method for PLC implementation from a controlled system model represented by Petri nets.
Learning by Using Performance Measures in Local Governments: The Perspective of Public Managers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aim of the research is to identify the factors which enable / restrain public managers’ learning from past experience. The article draws upon research undertaken in Italian local governments after the last performance-based reform (2009). It gives evidence of the ways of learning in organizations characterized by a bureaucratic administrative culture, a political regime instability and ones that operate under financial stress conditions. These circumstances are common in many public administrations in the “era” of the global financial, economic and fiscal crisis. We based our analysis on a cross-sectional data set and the research was carried out using an OLS model. Besides the factors identified in the performance management literature which foster public managers’ learning, we found that the political regime stability produced positive effects on learning. Moreover, executives in municipalities characterized with an higher percentage of enforcement measures tended to be more aware of the importance of measuring and analyzing past performance in order to reduce further potential financial criticalities.
Collecting and displaying identity, intimacy and memory in the staged interiors of the royal couturier Norman Hartnell

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Norman Hartnell was Britain’s largest and most celebrated couture house based in London’s Mayfair between 1923 and 1992. In 2005, I discovered Hartnell’s lost company and personal archive, containing elements of every aspect of his private and working life. This is currently in private hands in an empty house that was once lived in by Hartnell’s business partner and friend George Mitchison. My doctoral research took place in the house where Hartnell has slept, surrounded by hundreds of decorative objects once belonging to him. These include not only items in the paper archive, but also decorative art objects and furniture collected, displayed and loved by Hartnell, which were both part of his self-fashioning and constructed identity and also a reflection of the character of his couture designs. This chapter considers the collecting practices of Hartnell within the context of the construction and self-presentation of his public persona as the most celebrated royal couturier between 1935 and 1953, an aspect of his life not critically discussed to date. It will touch on how he used the collection and display of objects within his private domestic interiors and his use of particular decorative styles as an expression of his identity, and to perform his subjectivity and sexual selfhood; a similarly undiscussed, yet fundamentally important issue in terms of Hartnell's life and work. This chapter also examines these same objects and pieces of furniture in the present day, inherited as part of Hartnell's estate by the man who shared his private, social and working life, George Mitchison. These objects have travelled through time taking on new layers of meaning, and an analysis of how they are displayed in Mitchison's hom, within similarly decorated interiors, over seventy years after they first appeared in descriptions and photographs of Hartnell's homes throws up issues of embodiment, self-hood, taste and identity politics.
The Ephrata Community in the Atlantic World

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Bach narrates a trans-Atlantic history of the Ephrata community, an eighteenth-century Protestant communal society with celibate orders and married families in Lancaster County Pennsylvania. Bach argues that Conrad Beissel and his Ephrata community demonstrate diverse religious and cultural influences from Europe combining in an American context. Past interpretation of Ephrata has focused on its isolation in an American landscape of religious freedom. This chapter traces Beissel's lasting links with radical Pietists in Switzerland and Germany, and clashes with Moravians and German Brethren in Pennsylvania. Ephrata's outside communications, networks, and material culture all reveal how the community's patterns of recruitment, its theological foundations, and its wider influence in Pietism relied on a web of trans-Atlantic connections.
Lifetime presence and rates of sleep paralysis in Denmark of ethnic Danes and non‐ethnic Danes

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Sleep paralysis (SP) is a state of involuntary immobility occurring at sleep onset or offset. Most studies show that 18–40% of the general population has experienced SP at least once in their lifetime.1 No study has directly assessed rates of SP across groups in one country, which is the goal of the current studies. Study I explored rates of lifetime occurrence of SP in a sample of self-identified ethnic individuals in Denmark (n = 50; male = 38%; age: M = 35.4, SD = 12.5, range = 18–56; non-Caucasian members of ethnic groups, including Asians, Middle Easterners, and North Africans) compared to rates among all self-identified non-ethnic Danish Caucasian individuals (n = 173; male = 49.7%; age: M = 29.1, SD = 10.8, range = 19–70). Study II compared the lifetime frequency rates of SP of ethnic Danish individuals (n = 23; male = 62%; age: M = 27.3, SD = 11.8, range = 19–55) with that of non-ethnic Danish individuals (n = 35; male = 53%; age: M = 23.7, SD = 6.9, range = 18–51; all Caucasian). All participants were fluent in the Danish language. The institutional review board of the first author's former institution, the American University in Cairo, approved these studies. In Study I, participants were screened orally for once-in-a-lifetime occurrence of SP, using the Sleep Paralysis Questionnaire (SPQ).1 Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants from different locations and community settings.1 We found that a greater number of ethnic Danes had experienced SP at least once in their lifetime compared to non-ethnic Danes, namely, 44% (22/50) versus 20% (35/173), χ2 = 12.2, P < 0.001.1 In Study II, lifetime frequency of SP was assessed orally using the SPQ; all participants had experienced SP at least once. They were recruited through referrals by colleagues and acquaintances as well as announcements in community settings. The convenient sampling method, ‘chain referral,’ was utilized to increase sample sizes.1 We found that ethnic Danes had higher lifetime frequency rates of SP relative to non-ethnic Danes, M = 8.9 (SD = 11.3) versus M = 4.1 (SD = 5.7), t(29) = 1.9, P < 0.05. What is striking about the current findings is the degree to which SP rates differ in the two groups: the non-Caucasian ethnic Danish individuals were more than twice as likely to experience SP as compared to non-ethnic Danes. Moreover, members of Danish ethnic groups had more than twice as many SP episodes in a lifetime; that is, a great difference in SP rates for groups who belong to the same cultural framework, but differ with respect to ethnic heritage (non-Caucasian vs Caucasian). These results stress the importance of clear ethnic breakdown when examining rates of SP. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. This study was unfunded.
The Changes in Neural Foramen Shown on Computed Tomography Depending on the Changes in the Height of Intervertebral Disc after Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Study Design: A prospective radiological assessment. Objectives: Changes in the height, area, and width--captured using computed tomography (CT)--of the neural foramen with respect to changes in the intervertebral disc height, after undergoing an anterior cervical disc removal and fusion procedure. Summary of Literature Review: The multiple authors of this study, by obtaining central canal and area of neural foramen by increasing the disc spacing height and area of the neural foramen, attempted to assess the height increase of disc spacing. It is necessary to consider the synergistic effects of decompression through dissection of the posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL). Materials and Methods: The authors studied 17 patient cases that underwent one segment anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for degenerative cervical disease from June 2006 to March 2007. All patient cases underwent autogenous iliac bone graft or cage insertion with plate fixation procedure. We measured the areas of the neural foramen, heights of the vertebra body above and below the removed intervertebral disc with CT before and after ACDF. Radiographic measurements were averaged. Results: Among the 17 cases, the height of the cervical disc increased in 15 cases and decreased in 2 cases. The heights of the neural foramen increased in 19 cases and showed no changes in 13 cases. The areas of the neural foramen increased in 23 cases and decreased in 6 cases. The heights of vertebral body above and below the removed disc increased by 5.4% (p=0.734), and the heights of the neural foramen increased by 13.3% (p=0.002). The area of the neural foramen increased by 13.6% (p=0.192). The widths of the neural foramen increased by 2.3% (p=0.586). The intervertebral disc height, neural foramen height, and neural foramen area increased by 39.6%, 8.4%, and 17.9%, respectively, after a 2mm lengthening of bone transplant. The intervertebral disc height, neural foramen height, and neural foramen area increased by 59.8%, 22.9%, and 10.3%, respectively, after a 3mm lengthening of bone transplant. The height and area of neural foramen increased by 18.3% and 18.2%, respectively, after the PLL removal and dissection. Conclusions: The follow-up observations of the intervertebral disc height, neural foramen height, and neural foramen area showed increases after one segment ACDF in cervical disease cases, when compared to the preoperative radiographic findings. As the height of bone transplant increased, the intervertebral disc height, neural foramen height, and neural foramen area increased. The neural foramen height and neural foramen area significantly increased, when PLL was dissected.
Febrile neutropenia: transition towards a risk-directed approach.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Phillips et al have appropriately brought to light the lack of consistency in the treatment of chemotherapy induced febrile neutropenia in children.1 We agree with the authors that formulation of a national guideline will help to simplify and streamline the approach to this common problem in paediatric oncology.

The authors have suggested that it may be possible to treat some children with antibiotic regimens of reduced intensity and duration, based on risk stratification. However, most such studies quoted were based on adult data. The few paediatric studies mentioned did not …
Segregative Interactions in Single-Phase Mixtures of Gelling (Potato) Maltodextrin with Other Hydrocolloids

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Potato maltodextrin (Paselli Excel; DE < 3) was used at a fixed concentration of 15 wt %. On holding at 5°C after rapid quenching from 45°C the onset of conversion from disordered coils to aggregated double helices was seen as a steep increase in turbidity (monitored by absorbance at 600 nm) after ∼50 min, and gelation was observed (visually) after ∼120 min. Incorporation of increasing concentrations of gum arabic (1, 2, 4 and 8 wt %) caused a large, progressive decrease in the time required for structure formation and gelation to occur. A similar massive increase in rate of self-association of maltodextrin was observed for mixtures with the same concentrations (1, 2, 4 and 8 wt %) of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC). Unlike gum arabic, however, HPMC caused very large increases in the values of turbidity recorded immediately after quenching. This cannot be attributed to phase separation, since the mixtures did not resolve into two liquid layers on high-speed centrifugation, or to ordering of maltodextrin, which was seen as a sharp increase in turbidity at longer times. Our interpretation is that segregative interactions with disordered maltodextrin promote hydrophobic association of HPMC at temperatures where it would normally remain un-associated, in the same way as HPMC and gum Arabic promote self-association of maltodextrin. These conclusions accord well with a previous investigation which showed massive precipitation of low-DE potato maltodextrin from single-phase mixtures with disordered gelatin.