jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Influence of Serotonin Gene Polymorphism on Intelligence of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Di-sorder

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To explore the relationship between the 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) and its receptor gene(HTR2A)-1438A/G or tryptophan hydroxylase gene(TPH1)-6526A/G polymorphism or other factors and the intelligence in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Methods Three hundred and sixty-six Chinese Han descent ADHD children,ascertained according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders the 4th edition(DSM-Ⅳ) were included.The quantitative traits of psychometric intelligence quotient(IQ) were calculated by the Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(C-WISC).All subjects′ genotypes of polymorphism of HTR2A gene-1438A/G and TPH1 gene-6526A/G were identified with the restriction fragment length polymorphism me-thod.The demographical information on the family including parent′s educational attainment level was gathered.ADHD children were divided into 3 groups according to the genotypes,such as GG,GA and AA.ADHD children were also divided into 3 groups according to the parent′ educational attainment levels.Results The average scores [including the Full Scale IQ(FIQ),and Verbal Scale IQ(VIQ)] did significantly differ among different groups defined by genotypes of HTR2A gene-1438A/G polymorphism(F=5.238 P=0.006;F=6.052 P=0.003).ADHD children with GG genotype of HTR2A gene-1438A/G polymorphism performed significantly better on FIQ and VIQ than did children with GA and AA genotypes[P(FIQ)=0.003,0.042;P(VIQ)=0.001,0.032].There were no significant differences among the 3 genotypes of TPH1 gene-6526A/G polymorphism.Father′s educational attainment level would contribute to both the FIQ and VIQ of 3 ADHD groups(F=3.664 P=0.027;F=5.261 P=0.006).Mother′s educational attainment level would contribute to the FIQ and VIQ of 3 ADHD groups(F=4.894 P=0.008;F=5.043 P=0.007).Through the multifactor linear regression analysis,genotype of HTR2A gene-1438A/G polymorphism and mother′s educational attainment level were the major factors which influence FIQ and VIQ of ADHD children.Conclusion HTR2A gene-1438A/G polymorphism and mother′s educational attainment level may be associated with the intelligence of ADHD children in China.
In Vitro Inhibition of Blood Cholinesterase Activities From Horse, Cow, and Rat by Tetrachlorvinphos

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The organophosphorus insecticide tetrachlorvinphos (TCVP) is commonly used as a feed-through larvicide in many livestock species, including cattle and horses. Cholinesterase (Ch E) activity in blood (generally plasma or whole blood) is often employed to assess organophosphorus insecticide intoxication in animals as well as humans. In many species, including horse and man, plasma contains predominantly butyrylcholinesterase whereas red blood cells in all species express exclusively acetylcholinesterase. To evalulate the comparative interaction of TCVP with blood Ch Es in different species, we compared the in vitro sensitivity of Ch E activity in plasma and erythrocytes from horse, cow, and rat. Horse plasma Ch E was most sensitive (IC50, 30 minutes, 30°C = 97 n M), whereas horse erythrocyte Ch E activity was least sensitive (IC50 > 1 m M). In contrast, cow plasma Ch E showed lower sensitivity (IC50 = 784 μM) to inhibition by TCVP than erythrocyte Ch E (IC50 = 216 μM). Rat plasma and erythrocyte Ch E activities had relatively similar sensitivity to TCVP (IC50 = 54 μM and 78 μM, respectively). The results suggest that plasma and erythrocyte Ch E from horse, cow, and rat show marked species- and blood fraction-dependent differences in sensitivity to TCVP. Knowledge of such differences in sensitivity of blood Ch E activities to TCVP may be important in the clinical interpretation of intoxication with this pesticide across species.
Persistent Infection of a Posttraumatic Phycomycotic Infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor.

—In May 1978, Schwartz et al1documented the ocular effects of a posttraumatic phycomycotic infection on the anterior segment of the left eye of a 26-year-old man. We now wish to report follow-up clinical data and histologic evidence of localized persistence of the infection in the anterior segment and donor cornea two years later. The patient initially manifested aRhizopus(phycomycosis) infection of the anterior segment of his left eye two months following a perforating injury with a soil-contaminated screwdriver. After intensive but unsuccessful antifungal medical therapy, a combined 10-mm penetrating keratoplasty and planned extracapsular cataract extraction was performed (Jan 7, 1977), which included the removal of an organized anterior chamber cast and portions of necrotic iris. Postoperatively, the patient received a seven-day course of intravenous amphotericin B and topical natamycin drops, and was discharged from the hospital on Jan 25, 1977, with a clinically quiet
The effect of placement technique on marginal adaptation of posterior resins.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Polymerization shrinkage of posterior resin restorations leads to margins that pull away from the tooth, or to cracks in the material itself. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of three different placement techniques on the marginal adaptation (or in effect the amount of polymerization shrinkage) of posterior resin restorative materials. Three posterior resin materials, namely, Distalite, Heliomolar and P30 were included in this study. Each of these materials were placed by means of three different placement techniques (Bulk pack, Horizontal layering and Vertical layering) into class II cavities in extracted human molars. No dentine bonding agents were used. The samples were light cured, the teeth sectioned longitudinally and stored dry before examination in a Scanning Electron Microscope. Results showed polymerization shrinkage with all three techniques, with the poorest the bulk pack technique where large marginal discrepancies were visible. No significant differences were detected between the horizontal and vertical placement techniques, but the two microfilled resins Heliomolar and Distalite showed significantly poorer marginal adaptation than the small particle conventional resin, P30. All three materials had better adaptation on the occlusal margins than on the margins situated along the floor of the cavity or the gingival margins of the proximal box of the cavity. It can be concluded that the bulk pack technique should be avoided as this leads to large contraction gaps at most of the margins of the restoration.
Laryngeal Stridor in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BrDI&soHNAL 1279 "calcium " appeared within a few days of the administra- tion of mercury.This is in marked contrast with our experience in producing experimental nephrocalcinosis, which was usually found to take 10 to 14 days.Since von Kossa's stain for calcium is not specific it is possible that at least some of the stainable "calcium" reported by these authors was in fact a phosphate mercury complex.Specific glomerular changes other than the accumulation of eosinophilic material in Bowman's space have not been described following the administration of mercurial diuretics.However, shrunken glomeruli of the type described earlier were found in the kidneys of rabbits which had received mercuric chloride (Edwards, 1942).These shrunken' glomeruli may be of considerable importance in this case, since it is recognized that in the nephrotic syndrome there is not only tubular dysfunction with some resultant failure to reabsorb protein, but also increased permeability of the capillary tufts in the glomerulus (Hardwicke and Squire, 1955).The nephrotic syndrome has not been a feature of previously recorded cases of fatal renal damage following mercurial diuretics, and this might be explained by the fact that the glomerular lesion is not a constant feature in these cases.From the clinical angle mercurial diuretics are now widely used.The possible action of this drug as a nephrotoxin does not seem to be as fully recognized as it should.In this case the renal tubular damage had apparently become irreversible before steps to institute an alternative diuretic could be arranged.It is not easy to suggest methods for the recognition of the onset of renal failure.The one sign which may be of value is the onset of increasing proteinuria. SummaryA case of the nephrotic syndrome following the administration of a mercurial diuretic is described.The salient histological feature was necrosis and fatty degeneration without calcification of the epithelium in the convoluted tubules.In addition a number of the glomeruli were shrunken.The significance of the dual lesion in the production of the nephrotic syndrome is discussed.The observation of increasing proteinuria in patients under treatment with mercurial diuretics suggests that renal damage may be occurring, and that prompt steps should be taken to institute alternative diuretics.Our thanks are due to the Medical Research Council for an expenses grant.We are grateful to Dr.
Molecular investigation if the rat jejunal active nucleoside transport protein rCNT1 \n \n

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Active, sodium-dependent nucleoside transport systems have been kinetically described in a number of different mammalian tissues. The recent cloning of several active, mammalian nucleoside transporters belonging to a novel gene family has provided an opportunity to examine both the structure/function relationships and the tissue distributions of these proteins in detail, and thus to elucidate their physiological roles. The first of these transporters to be cloned was rCNT1, a protein \nfrom rat jejunal epithelium which exhibits pyrimidine-selective, cit-type transport activity. The present study involved a bi-directional approach to the investigation of \nthis protein by the analysis of its distribution in rat tissues at both the cellular and subcellular levels, in addition to structural investigation of rCNT1 by protein \nchemistry and gene manipulation techniques. \n \nA model originally proposed for the topology of this protein, based largely upon hydropathy analysis of its sequence, suggested that the N- and C-terminal hydrophilic regions of this protein were cytoplasmic. However the present study has shown, from the effect of endoglycosidase F treatment of the protein expressed in xenopus oocytes, that the C-terminal hydrophilic domain of the protein is N-glycosylated and so must in fact be extracellular. Furthermore, mutagenesis of rCNT1 cDNA allowed for the production of an aglyco-rCNT1 mutant into which novel glycosylation sites were introduced as a means of probing topology. Evidence from this mutagenesis has indicated that the N-terminus of rCNT1 is cytoplasmic, therefore suggesting that rCNTI exists in the lipid bilayer with thirteen putative transmembrane domains and not fourteen as originally proposed. Analysis of the protein sequence using predictive algorithms suggests that the originally-predicted \ntransmembrane helix 6 is in fact extramembranous. \n \nAnalysis of the distribution of rCNT1 in rat tissues by immunoblotting has revealed that this active transporter is more widespread than originally suggested by the results of Northern blotting experiments. Moreover, it has been possible by immunocytochemical analysis not only to identify the cell types in which rCNT1 is expressed but also to show that its distribution is restricted to certain domains of the plasma membrane. rCNT1 in the jejunum and kidney has been localized at the intestinal and renal brush-borders respectively. While in the liver it is abundant in the bile canalicular membranes. This location is consistent with roles for the concentrative transporter in the absorption of nucleosides from the diet or their \nsalvage from the extracellular breakdown of nucleotides. Unexpectedly, rCNT1 also appears to be abundant in the hippocampus, and in the actively dividing seminiferous \nepithelium of the testis. Furthermore, its presence has also been suggested in cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle and the spleen, although these observations await further \nconfirmation.
Entrepreneurial selling

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Entrepreneurial selling is the identification and exploitation of opportunities for acquiring, developing, and maintaining value co-creators such as potential customers, partners, investors, employees, suppliers, banks, board members, mentors, and channels of distribution, to yield multi-way wins for everyone. One of the most cited reasons for new venture failure is the inability of entrepreneurs to sell. Unfortunately, the unique challenges that entrepreneurs encounter during the nascent and early growth phase of their ventures have received little attention largely because academic research on sales is dominated by issues faced by salespeople and sales leaders in medium and large-size firms. This chapter draws attention to this gap by reviewing relevant literature, offering an organizing framework, and outlining several opportunities for interdisciplinary research at the crossroads of sales and entrepreneurship.
History and Historiography: Politics and Memory in the Turkish Republic

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Ayhan Aktar, Varlık Vergisi ve ‘Türkleştirme’ Politikaları (Istanbul: İletişim, 2000), 244 pp., TL 7,900,000 (approx. €6.76), ISBN 975-470-779-0. Étienne Copeaux, Espace et temps de la nation turque: Analyse d'une historiographie nationaliste, 1934–1993 (Paris: Éditions CNRS, 1997), 369 pp., €28.97, ISBN 2-271-05465-6. Metin Heper, İsmet İnönü: The Making of a Turkish Statesman (Leiden: Brill, 1998), 270 pp., €80.00, ISBN 90-04-09919-0. Andrew Mango, Atatürk: The Biography of the Founder of Modern Turkey (Woodstock & New York: The Overlook Press, 2000), 666 pp., €39.95, ISBN 0-58567-011-1. Esra Özyürek, ed., Hatırladıklarıyla ve Unuttuklarıyla Türkiye'nin Toplumsal Hafizası (Istanbul: İletişim, 2001), 349 pp., TL 7,200,000 (approx. €6.16), ISBN 975-470-919-X. Ahmet Yıldız, ‘Ne Mutlu Türküm Diyebilene’: Türk Ulusal Kimliğinin Etno-Seküler Sınırları (1919–1938) (Istanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 2001), 351 pp., TL 9,400,000 (approx. €6.88), ISBN 975-470-866-5.
DNA probe detection of key periodontal pathogens in juveniles.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Recognition of juvenile forms of periodontitis have been shown to be directly linked with specific Gram-negative rods, primarily Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides gingivalis and Bacteroides intermedius. However, clinical application of these laboratory findings have generally been restricted to the research environment. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of these three pathogenic species in children using the reliable and accurate new technology of DNA probes. Results indicated that the pathogenic oral flora did not differ significantly between subjects with and without gingival inflammation. Therefore, tracking of pathogens using clinical parameters of inflammation are unreliable and accurate monitoring requires microbiological testing in order to properly identify the presence or absence of pathogens.
La importancia del Plan de Estudios de Historia 2001 de San Marcos en función del desempeño laboral de sus egresados (2005-2010)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The objective of this article is to establish the importance of the 2001 Study Plan of the School of History of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, through the professional performance for the work activities of its graduates during the years 2005-2010. In order to achieve this, this work measures the work results of vocational training taking into account two variables: the 2001 Study Plan and professional performance. The descriptive, explanatory and quantitative method was used with a sample of 45 surveys of graduates and seven interviews with teachers. This research demonstrates that the curriculum significantly influences professional performance by establishing the work capabilities of historians to assume and adapt to the challenges of the labor market in a country where professional historians lack broad possibilities for professional development. These results can serve as a reference framework for other research that evaluates the importance of professional university curricula.
Modeling of particulate matter concentrations on a construction site based on IoT monitoring system

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

An Internet of things (IoT) based system framework integrating a distributed sensor network was implemented to collect real-time data at a construction site. Various sensors were utilized to gather data concerning particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations) as well as meteorological parameters ? wind speed, humidity, pressure, and temperature. The real-time measurements results provide an overview of air pollution levels at the construction site, revealing its association with earth excavation work, the primary construction activity. This connection al-lows for better management aimed at reducing concentrations of suspended particles. Through on-site monitoring of two pollutant concentrations, this study identified that the dust levels resulting from excavation activities were relatively high. It can be concluded that earth excavation significantly impacts air quality in the construction area. While exploring the primary factors influencing construction dust concentrations, the correlations indicate that these concentrations were not significantly associated with meteorological factors. To predict PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in the air using number of working machines and meteorological parameters as predictors, both multiple linear regression and artificial neural net-work models were applied. The artificial neural network model demonstrates better alignment with the measured air concentrations compared to the multiple linear regression model. The artificial neural network model demonstrated an R2 value of 0.674 for PM10 and 0.618 for PM2.5, indicating a strong predictive capability. The aim of this research, through modeling PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in the air at the construction site is to indicate importance of the topic, especially with respect to the health of the construction site workers.
Defying a Myth

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper addresses contemporary proclamations of Zuluness among a sub-group of gay Zulu men in South Africa through an inter-disciplinary methodological approach. Against the socio-historical manifestations of the myth of homosexuality as un-African, this paper addresses the reconciliation of Zuluness and Gayness among members of a particular gay Zulu sub-culture. The re-interpretation of traditional Zulu ethnicity and African/Zulu culture among gay Zulu men in contemporary KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) offers new insights into the fluid and flexible constructions of contemporary African ethnicities and suggests that Zulu essentialism is being challenged. I argue that there are three main pillars upon which Zulu gay men in the KZN region primarily build their Zulu ethnic consciousness: firstly, the linguistic variety of isiNgqumo which derives its lexicon from an ancient isiZulu, secondly, the belief in the power of the amadlozi [ancestors] and lastly, the adherence to the traditional custom of ukuhlonipha [to show respect].
Specialized Nucleoprotein Structures in high‐fidelity DNA transactions

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Three proteins used to initiate DNA replication and carry out site‐specific recombination in E. coli generate organized nucleoprotein structures at their target sites. The association of proteins bound at multiple sites on DNA presumably folds or winds the DNA to produce a specific three‐dimensional conformation. This specialized nucleoprotein structure may be a general mechanism for achieving very high fidelity in DNA transactions in which even a rare mistake must be avoided. The overall interaction is more complex than that of prokaryotic transcription regulators studied so far, but might be characteristic of eukaryotic transcription regulators, for which the problem of site‐localization is more difficult.
3D Motion Recovery via Low Rank Matrix Restoration with Hankel-Like Augmentation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a 3D skeleton recovery model equipped with a joint augmented low-rank and sparse prior and an articulation-graph-based isometric constraint to exploit temporal and spatial correlation, respectively. The corrupted 3D skeleton sequence is represented as a matrix and constrained by several priors in the proposed model. A Hankel-like augmentation is adopted to strengthen the low-rankness and we integrate a decoupling technique to reduce the internal interferences of the data. We solve our model via an alternating direction method under the augmented Lagrangian multiplier framework with a Gauss-Newton solver for the subproblem of isometric optimization. Experimental results on two skeleton datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model in motion reconstruction and skeleton recovery, compared with state-of-the-art methods.
Addressing the needs of new mothers in a multi-cultural setting: an evaluation of home visiting support for new mothers – Mom to Mom (Negev)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study evaluated the Mom to Mom (M2M) program operating in the Negev region of Israel, an area with a high proportion of immigrants. M2M helps women cope with the first year of parenting through home visits of volunteer mothers. Specific objectives were to evaluate (1) Participants' motivations for joining M2M; (2) Gains from participation; and (3) The effect of participation on post-partum depression (PPD). Three stages included (1) Analysis of demographics of all 440 mothers in M2M; (2) A telephone survey of 51 mothers to assess gains from participation; and (3) 137 mothers filled out the Edinburgh Post-Natal Depression Scale (EPDS) and were followed for one year. Most mothers in M2M were first time mothers, with a high rate of perinatal complications (54.4%) and positive EPDS scores (38.7%). Two major reasons for participation were being an immigrant and having low income. The greatest gains from home visits were increased self-confidence, improved parenting skills and communication with the partner. Seventy-nine percent of mothers with PPD symptoms were functioning at work and at home after a year from joining the program. Our findings suggest that M2M has the capacity to address challenges in the post-natal period among women from diverse cultures.
Limits to the abundance of surface CO2 ice on Titan

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In the context of the Cassini/Huygens mission, we performed supporting ground‐based observations to complement the results from the NASA/ESA/ASI space mission to the Saturnian system with particular focus on Titan. On the nights of 18 and 19 December 2004, we conducted adaptive optics observations with VLT/NACO to search for and map the distribution of CO 2 ice deposits on the spatially resolved surface of Titan (65 mas resolution). This experiment became possible because (1) solid CO 2 possesses two narrow and strong absorption lines at 2012 nm and 2070 nm that fall into the 2.05 μm window of Titan's atmosphere and (2) the width of these bands matches the band pass of the Fabry‐Perot instrument installed in NACO. We do not detect this chemical compound, but we can derive firm limits on the abundance of CO 2 ice on the surface of Titan at sub‐Earth longitudes 284°W and 307°W. With a spatial sampling of 65 mas, we conclude that a partial surface coverage of segregated CO 2 ice does not exceed 7% or 14% for bright or dark surface regions, respectively.