jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a Population of Bulgeless Galaxies with Extremely Red Mid-IR Colors: Obscured AGN Activity in the Low Mass Regime?

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In contrast to massive, bulge hosting galaxies, very few supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are known in either low mass, or bulgeless galaxies. Such a population could provide clues to the origins of SMBHs and to secular pathways for their growth. Using the all-sky Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) survey, and bulge-to-disk decompositions from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7, we report the discovery of a population of local (z<0.3) bulgeless disk galaxies with extremely red mid-infrared colors highly suggestive of a dominant active galactic nucleus (AGN), despite having no optical AGN signatures in their SDSS spectra. Using various mid-infrared selection criteria from the literature, there are between 30 to over 300 bulgeless galaxies with possible AGNs. Other known scenarios that can heat the dust to high temperatures do not appear to explain the observed colors of this sample. If these galaxies are confirmed to host AGNs, this study will provide a breakthrough in characterizing the properties of SMBHs in the low bulge mass regime and in understanding their relation with their host galaxies. Mid-infrared selection identifies AGNs that dominate their host galaxy's emission and therefore reveal a different AGN population than is uncovered by optical studies. We find that the fraction of all galaxies identified as candidate AGNs by WISE is highest at lower stellar masses and drops dramatically in higher mass galaxies, in striking contrast to the findings from optical studies.
Ultrastructure of Nerve Cells in the Pars Intercerebralis of Cabbage Butterfly Pieris rapae L.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The study on the nerve cells in the pars intercerebralis(IP) of 5-day-old cabbage butterfly Pieris rapae L. was performed to observe their ultrastructures and classify them on the basis. of the differences in size, shape and relative distribution cf cell organelles. The brain-subesophageal ganglion complex was fixed in 1% paraformaldehyde-1% gluaraldehyde mixture and embedded in araldite mixture. The transverse thin sections of IP were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and examined by Hitachi 500 and ]EM 100B electron microscope. Five distinct types. of nerve cells are recognized and are arbitrarily designated as Type I, Type II Type III, Type IV and Type V. Type I neurone: These neurones are neurosecretory cells. Several neurosecretory cells are. recognized in the pars intercerebralis. They are roughly round or peach-shaped cells measuring in diameter. The rounded nucleus shows about in diameter. The chromatin is predominantly diffused with only occasional dense patches. The perikaryon contains numerous. mitochondria, free polyribosomes and neurosecretory granules. The neurosecretory granules are relatively uniform in electron density, and each one is about in diameter and surrounded by a single membrane. The granules are also observed mostly as in groups. In one group of neurones the cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum are distended or in other group of neurones are not distended. Golgi saccules are slightly dilated at their lateral extremities and contains. frequenty dense rounded materials. Type II neurone: Thes have the largest soma in the pars intercerebralis about in diameter. They also show roughly polygonal in shape. The nucleus is elongated or sickle-shaped. The chromatin is mainly in the euchromatin form. The perikarya in these cells are well populated with populated with free ribosomes and contain numerous mitochondria and Golgi bodies. The cisternae of granular endoplasmic reticulum are also well distributed. Type III neurone: They are oval or spindle-shaped and also medium-sized. neurones approximately in length. The nucleus is oval or slightly elongated in shape and in length. The chromatin occurs in diffused form. The cytoplasm contains many filamentous or oval mitochondria. The perikaryon has also numerous free polyribosomes and cisternae of granular endoplasmic reticulum. Type VI neurone: They are roughly polygonal in shape probably due to the close approximation of the adjacent cells. The soma is about in diameter. The nucleus is round or oval in shape and in diameter. The necleus also occupies a large proprion of the cell body. The perikaryon is well populated with free ribosomes and contains several mitochondria and cistenae of granular endoplasmic reticulum. Type V neurone: These neurones are similar to Type VI neurones in various respects such as cell size and cell inclusion, but they differ from Type IV neurones in shape. The soma is oval or slightly elongated. The cell body contains several filamentous and oval mitochondria.
Self-Efficacy and Athletic Performance: A Review

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This paper reviews the findings of research applying self-efficacy theory to athletic performance. The review reveals that although self-efficacy expectancies have been shown to adequately predict sport performance, further research is needed to compare self-efficacy expectancies with other predictors of behavior to determine their relative predictive ability. In addition, physical self-efficacy expectancies can be heightened through a variety of means with subsequent enhancing effects on athletic performance. Although the most powerful source of information about physical self-efficacy appears to be performance accomplishments, more research is needed to compare the relative effectiveness of other sources of self-efficacy information. Methodological problems inherent in the studies, and limitations of employing the self-efficacy construct for sports research, are discussed.
Shipping's New Industrial Relations: The International Context and the Australian Experience

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the 1980s, shipping provided a salient industry-specific example of several aspects of work practice reform and industrial relations restructuring. The international technological and market conditions coupled with the main institutions and directions of change are analyzed in this article. The essential findings support the view that a new industrial relations has to a considerable extent grown up in shipping and developed new functions which were not highly profiled in the framework of organizations and processes that existed at the beginning of the decade.
Molecular adaptation to resistance exercise

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In Chapter seven, we defined the signal transduction theory of exercise adaptation. The present chapter builds on this theory and focuses specifically on the molecular responses to resistance exercise and adaptation to training. In summary, resistance exercise training uses different strategies to increase muscle mass and strength. Loading to failure at any weight increases muscle mass, in part by increasing mTORC1 pathway activity in almost all the fibres within the muscle, resulting in increased myofibrillar protein synthesis and muscle hypertrophy. Adding leucine-rich protein with training augments the increase in muscle size by activating mTORC1 using a distinct mechanism. Beyond mTORC1, load to failure results in muscle-specific inhibition of myostatin signalling through the cleavage of Notch, and the activation of Akt and the production of E3 ubiquitin ligases that increase protein turnover and the addition of sarcomeres in parallel. Lifting a heavy weight is needed to maximise strength changes since this increases neural drive to the muscle and improves force transfer through the load-dependent activation of the ERK/Egr1 pathway. Resistance exercise can induce muscle injury, and serious muscle injury requires resident stem cells (satellite cells) to fully repair. Furthermore, when muscle fibres increase in cross-sectional area beyond ˜1,000 µm2, these same satellite cells are recruited to provide the greater transcriptional and translational capacities needed to support the larger cells. Together, these molecular effectors (mTORC1, myostatin, Akt, ERK and satellite cells) transduce the signal of high load from resistance exercise into a coordinated increase in muscle size and strength.
Fast Ion Confinement Study by Neutron Emission Rate Measurement after Short Pulse NB Injection in the Large Helical Device

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The confinement of neutral beam (NB)-injected fast ions has been investigated by the neutron intensity decay time (τn) after the short pulse NB injection called “NB-blip.” The Large Helical Device (LHD) has five NB injectors. NBI#1, #2, and #3 are tangential direction injectors with typical energy of 180 keV. NBI#4 and #5 are perpendicular direction injectors with typical energies of 60 keV and of 80 keV, respectively. In this experiment, NBI#1, #2, #3, and #4 each with the pulse width of 40 ms are injected into different configuration plasmas with various electron densities. The τn is analyzed with a 0-dimensional fast ion slowing down model. The loss of the fast ion increases significantly with decrease in the electron density. From the comparison of calculated and measured τn for different plasma configurations, the fast ion confinement is worst on the outward shifted plasma of Rax = 3.90 m. On the other hand, it seems that the fast ion confinement is best on the plasma of Rax = 3.74 m.
Thiosulfonate-Based Targeted Covalent Cruzipain Inhibitors with Enhanced Bioactivity Translation for Antichagasic Therapy

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Chagas disease remains a neglected tropical disease with limited therapeutic options and a pressing need for new antichagasic agents. In this context, Cruzipain (CZP), the main cysteine protease of T. cruzi, has been validated as a promising target for reversible targeted covalent inhibitors (TCIs). Building upon our previous research, this study reports phenyl thiosulfonate (TSO)-based TCIs, designed to optimize enzymatic performance and enhance bioactivity translation from in vitro CZP inhibition to T. cruzi-infected cell models. Among ten potent phenyl TSO TCIs, TSO-13 exhibited high CZP inhibitory potency, selectivity over human cathepsin L, and excellent bioactivity translation in parasite-infected cells. Computational studies highlighted the dual benefit of the TSO moiety in combining optimal reactivity with enhanced encounter complexes' stability. Overall, these findings position triazole-based phenyl TSO derivatives as promising candidates for rational CZP inhibitor design, representing a valuable contribution for developing innovative antichagasic agents.
AWAKENING THE TRUE SELF: THE TRANSFORMATIVE POWER OF MYSTICAL TRADITION IN PAULO COELHO’S THE ZAHIR

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The mystical tradition often rooted in ancient wisdom and spiritual practices draws its influence from various mystical elements, notably Sufism and other esoteric traditions. The novel, The Zahir delves into spiritual elements, self-discovery and interconnectedness of individuals offering a mystical journey that grows beyond the surface of everyday life. The novel is about the story of a renowned author whose wife had disappeared under mysterious circumstances. It describes the search for her from South America to Spain, France ending in Central Asia. The journey leads him to a new understanding of the nature of love, the power of destiny. Paulo Coelho wrote The Zahir while he was making his own pilgrimage through the world in between January and June 2004. The concept of forgetting personal history is one of the main concepts of the novel and it is a part of many initiation of tradition which is closely tied to the idea of embracing the present and future without being burdened by past mistake or regrets. This paper attempts to analyse how the influence of mysticism helps to shape the true self of the main character in the novel, The Zahir.
Humanized Mouse Models of HIV Infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Because of the limited tropism of HIV, in vivo modeling of this virus has been almost exclusively limited to other lentiviruses such as SIV that reproduce many important characteristics of HIV infection. However, there are significant genetic and biological differences among lentiviruses and some HIV-specific interventions are not effective against other lentiviruses in non-human hosts. For these reasons much emphasis has recently been placed on developing alternative animal models that support HIV replication and recapitulate key aspects of HIV infection and pathogenesis in humans. Humanized mice, CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cell transplanted immunodeficient mice and in particular mice also implanted with human thymic/liver tissue (BLT mice) that develop a functional human immune system, have been the focus of a great deal of attention as possible models to study virtually all aspects of HIV biology and pathogenesis.
Democratization without a State: Democratic Regime-building in Kosovo

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines the relationship between democratization and the state with reference to recent political developments in the non-state entity of Kosovo. Existing analyses of the role of the state in democratic transitions provide critical insights into the politics of democratization, but have suffered from a lack of consensus regarding the concept of the state itself. This study distinguishes three separate dimensions of statehood – recognition, capacity and cohesion – and argues that each has separate implications for transition politics. Analysis of democratic political development in Kosovo suggests two conclusions: first, that international recognition of statehood should not be viewed as a prerequisite for democratization, and second, that problems of state capacity or state cohesion present far more fundamental challenges to successful democratic regime change.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DAN SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL DALAM MENCEGAH FRAUD PADA BUMDESMA SENDANG

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The growing times the higher the fraudulent or common levels in the Fraud. Fraudis a criminal fraud that aims to benefit financially. ACFE mentions there are threetypes of Fraud that is Asset Misoppropration, Fraud of financial statements andcorruption. The greatest impact of Fraud is poverty, so the government forms aempowerment program called PNPM-MPd that eventually transforms intoBumdesma or a village-owned business entity. BUMDESMA Sendang is far fromthe city center, where the majority of local human resources are lacking ineducation. But this situation does not make Bumdesma Sendang suffered cheating.Because Bumdesma Sendang is able to implement accounting information systemsand internal control systems in preventing fraud well. This research uses descriptivequalitative approach. Based on findings by researchers, the recording system inBumdesma Sendang still using Microsoft Excel and manual recording, no specialapp to record it. Internal controls on Bumdesma Sendang on essence are done in thebasis (supervisory attached) by BP or the Supervisory Agency. But everyoneinvolved in it has the right to oversee each other. The accounting system of theinternal information and the internal control system is well but not maximized so itis still vulnerable to the fraud or fraud. To the foreheads expect more maximal withmore systems and controls that are more maximal so that the occurrence of fraudsmaller.Keywords: Accounting Information Systems, Fraud And Internal Control Systems
The Effect of Downsizing, Merger & Acquisition, and Transformational Leadership on Company Performance

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Do downsizing and merger & acquisition significantly and positively affect a company performance? Previous studies on the case showed contradictory results. The result of this research supports that downsizing and merger & acquisition do not positively and significantly affect company performance.Standardized regression weights coefficients on AMOS output for both variables of downsizing and merger & acquisition are -0.0787 and -0.0109, each. Thus, downsizing and merger & acquisition actually have negative impacts on company performance. Similar coefficient for the variable of transformational leadership is 0.7611; it has a positive and significant impact on company performance.Research’s respondents are 327 employees of PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk. Test of Cronbach’s Alpha gives 0.886 indicating that the research data is reliable. Some tests of the research model yield good fit for CMIN/df (1.41), RMSEA (0.04), RMR (0.04), AGFI (0.92), and CFI (0.98), as well as acceptable fit for GFI (0.94) and NFI (0.94).Transformational leadership needs to be applied continuously to improve company performance. Transformational leader shall not put downsizing and merger & acquisition from corporate agenda because they both have a negative impact on company performance.
Pituitary Adenoma Histologically Mimicking Paraganglioma: CT, MR and Pathologic Findings

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The CT, MR and pathologic features of a case of pituitary adenoma with endocrinological dysfunction and neuroendocrine-like features at histology are presented. The diagnosis was confirmed by the immunohistochemical demonstration of prolactin and synaptophysin immunoreactivity The pathological features and the possible pathogenesis of intrasellar tumours arising from the neural crest are discussed.
613 Utilisation of Off-Site Theatre Capacity to Reduce the Waiting Time for NHS Patients with Chronic Deep Venous Disease in the Post Covid-19 Pandemic Environment

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim This audit aimed to assess the adherence to treatment pathways and the transfer of electronic patient care records in a cohort of patients with deep venous disease who underwent procedures off-site due to extended waiting times during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method Between 1st February 2022 and 19th July 2022, 41 patients underwent deep venous procedures at an off-site facility. Retrospective data collection from electronic records, operation notes, imaging, and patient outcomes was conducted. Demographics, procedure types, adherence to pathways, image transfer, and patient outcomes were analysed. Results 41 patients (M:F - 16:25) were treated on a series of 17 lists aged between 24 to 79 years. Patients assigned for treatment off-site were highly selected for case simplicity. Procedures performed include diagnostic venograms, stenting, venoplasty, and varicose vein treatment. Stenting success was high (100% patent stents on discharge). No deaths occurred, with minimal complications and a few procedures needing to be rescheduled at the primary site. Image transfer to the parent site varied (87.5% electronic records, 50% imaging). The waiting list was reduced from 90 to 77 patients, inclusive of new additions during the study period. Conclusions Outsourcing theatre time effectively managed the backlog of patients with deep venous disease, offering a safe intervention approach. While there might be financial strain, the benefits in avoiding treatment delays and enhancing patient experience outweigh the potential costs. Overall, the audit supports the use of off-site procedures as a viable solution to address waiting time concerns during healthcare crises.
Comparison of the time-related behavior of analogue and digital reactor safety systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The comparison of the time-related behavior of a digital and an analogue reactor safety system is described in this paper. The aim of the experiments is to measure and compare the response time of the safety systems and to measure the time delay between initiating the reactor transient and the reactor trip. Acquired data then give the opportunity to compare any substantial differences between the time behavior of digital and analogue safety systems. The experiments were carried out on the training reactor VR-1 at the Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering (FNSPE) of the Czech Technical University (CTU) in Prague, equipped with a digital safety system, and on the research reactor TRIGA Mark II at Atomic Institute of the Austrian Universities in Vienna, equipped with an analogue safety system.
Unproductive Participation and Protection Against Germs: Technical-Ritualistic Practices in Heart Surgery

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract There is a debate in the social sciences about the character of the effectiveness of techniques and performances in the surgical field. The literature is divided into different postures, which highlight the ritualistic aspects of techniques and procedures (Katz, 1981; Rawlings, 1989; Hirschauer, 1991) or emphasize their pragmatic efficacy and the purely antiseptic character of sterilization procedures (Collins, 1994). During ethnographic research conducted in the field of cardiac technology production, I observed that these spheres are, in fact, intertwined. Additionally, I believe that it is necessary to consider that the formation of the surgical field (a procedure that will be explored in the following article), as well as the employment of other hygienic procedures are not simply rituals to keep microorganisms away, but are also part of the conditioning of the “surgeon's body”. Surgeries are risky procedures that require the development of techniques in order to avoid contamination with both microscopic agents and unproductive involvement. The threat of unwanted involvement implies the development of skills that allow for “good participation”. In my ethnographic research, in contrast to the surgeries performed on humans in the operating rooms, the procedures performed on animals show that the process of “depersonalization” (that is, the subject's erasure through the construction of the surgical field) in experimental surgery has the effect of naturalizing non-human animals, instituting them as substitutes for humans. This requires a delicate game of approximation and distancing on the part of the surgeon and the medical team. In general, my aim here is to describe and analyze the technical-ritualistic aspects that are part of cardiac interventions and which underlie the establishment of the surgical field, seeking to dilute the dichotomy established in the social sciences between a technical-functional pole and a ritual-symbolic one.
Quantification of medicinally valuable weeds in oil palm plantations of Kerala.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The medicinally valuable weeds naturally growing in young, medium and mature plantations of oil palm were identified and quantified by stratified random sampling technique. Quantification of plants was done in comparison with that in the open condition. Chrysopogon aciculatus Trin. dominates in all the four strata. Naregamia alata Wight & Arn. is another dominant species in mature plantation. Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. occurs frequently in all the four strata. Another frequently occurring species in young oil palm plantation is Elephantopus scaber Linn, and in medium plantations is Chromolaena odorata King & Robinson. Phyllanthus amarus Schum.& Thonn. is very frequent in medium plantation and open condition. Holostemma adakodien Schult occurs frequently in mature plantation. Young oil palm plantation and open condition were found to be the most similar strata whereas mature plantation and open condition were the most dissimilar strata in vegetation pair-wise analysis. Medium oil palm plantation was found to have high concentration of dominance. Species diversity was the highest in mature oil palm plantation. Species evenness was maximum in open condition.