jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of random hydrodynamic inhomogeneities on low-frequency sound propagation loss in shallow water.

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Low-frequency (100–500 Hz) sound propagation loss on the US Atlantic continental shelf and in the Barents Sea in the presence of stochastic surface waves, and for the US Atlantic shelf also in the presence of internal waves, is studied for the range of up to 150 km by means of numerical simulations. Surface waves simulations are carried out with Pierson–Neumann spectrum. Internal wave field realizations are modeled according to frequency spectrum of thermocline displacements that were recorded in Shallow Water’06 experiment. Qualitative difference between sound propagation loss behavior on the US Atlantic shelf and in the Barents Sea is demonstrated for summertime conditions even without random inhomogeneities. It is shown that whereas internal waves, on average, have a weak effect on propagation loss, surface waves result in its considerable increase in both areas under wintertime conditions with a wind speed of more than 9 m/s. [The authors wish to acknowledge and thank Dr. J. F. Lynch for discussing this work. The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research Project 08-02-00283 and by the Civilian Research and Development Foundation Project No. REC 010.]
Justin Peck

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Justin Peck, barely thirty, not only is the resident choreographer at New York City Ballet (NYCB) but also is in demand by dance companies throughout the United States and in Europe. He received a Tony Award for his choreography for the 2018 Broadway production of Carousel, and Steven Spielberg hired him to choreograph Spielberg’s new film of West Side Story. This chapter focuses on Everywhere We Go, the spectacular “epic” that Peck and indie composer Sufjan Stevens made for NYCB in 2014, including discussions of Peck’s musicality, his composition of duets and use of sneakers in some dances, and influences he acknowledges from the works of George Balanchine and Jerome Robbins. At the end is an essay by Peck from 2008, “How to Become an Artist.”
POTENTIAL RETURNS FROM INCREASED RESEARCH BUDGET FOR THE LAND GRANT UNIVERSITIES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

With the growing competition for Federal dollars, the land grant universities were asked to justify their budget to the Congress and the Office of Management and Budget using benefitcost analysis. The authors review previous studies of returns to agricultural research and present an analysis of corn and soybean research that formed part of these universities' 1978 budget request for Federal monies. New research to increase corn and soybean production would bring very high returns, and consumers would be the primary beneficiaries. The large acreage affected by the research was an important reason for these high returns. Consumers would benefit from lower prices and the resulting increase in consumer surplus.
sj-docx-1-msj-10.1177_13524585241239473 – Supplemental material for Structural MRI measures are associated with fatigue severity and persistence in a large, real-world cohort of people with multiple sclerosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-msj-10.1177_13524585241239473 for Structural MRI measures are associated with fatigue severity and persistence in a large, real-world cohort of people with multiple sclerosis by Alexandra C Simpson, Chen Hu, Ellen M Mowry, Robert T Naismith, Kathryn C Fitzgerald and Bardia Nourbakhsh in Multiple Sclerosis Journal
[Weight reduction, statins or fibrates? How to reach lipid goal values in diabetic patients].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Diabetics have a greatly increased risk for cardiovascular disease. At the center of the pathogenesis is the elevated blood sugar, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Treatment must therefore be aimed at controlling glucose metabolism (HBA1c < 7.0%) and lipid metabolism (LDL conc < 100 mg/dL, triglycerides < 150 mg/dL). Blood pressure should not exceed 130/85 mmHg. In addition to changes in lifestyle--low-fat, calorie-controlled diet and increased physical activity--lipid-lowering medication can rarely be done without. On the basis of the results of large interventional studies, the CSE inhibitors are particularly to be recommended. While the domain of the fibrates is the lowering of triglycerides, no comparative data on the usefulness of this group of substances are currently available.
Where do we invest money to implement active learning on caries detection? An economic evaluation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This trial-based economic evaluation aimed to estimate the incremental cost of implementing an active learning strategy (theoretical-practical workshop) to substitute the didactic lecture as the sole method for students training in caries detection. We also provided a budget impact analysis and explored the composition of costs related to the activity. Data from the coordinating centre of a multicentre randomized and controlled study (IuSTC01) was analyzed as the first part of our main economic analysis plan. The perspective of the educational provider (the institution implementing the activity) was considered, and an immediate time horizon was adopted. All used resources were valued in Brazilian Real by adopting a microcosting strategy. Costs for each strategy were estimated and converted into international dollars. The incremental Cost per student and the total cost of implementing the complete teaching strategy for 80 students were calculated. Monte Carlo simulations were used to estimate the uncertainties. The incremental Cost estimated for the workshop implementation would be $7.93 per student (interquartile range (IQR): $7.8-8.1), and the total cost of the teaching activity would be $684 (IQR:672-696). The laboratory training comprised more than 50% of the total amount spent, and a higher percentage of this value was related to human resources costs (72%). Saving 40% of the costs could be expected for the next rounds of activities in the institution, assuming no need for additional preparation of didactic materials and tutor training. A modest incremental cost per student and an acceptable organizational budget impact should be expected for the institution when including active learning training in caries detection for undergraduate students, mainly related to the human resources involved.
THE REVERSE LOGISTICS AGREGATTING ECONOMIC, LEGAL AND ECOLOGICAL VALUE TO WOOD RESIDUES

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the last decades, in response to factors like environment crimes, raw material scarcity, changes in society behavior, reduction in the life cycle of products, environmental legislations, and others, the reverse logistics relevance has considerably increased as the way to manage residues. The present study has as objective to analyse the practices of a wood industry regarding the residues and the ecological, legal, and economic returns, obtained with the application of the reverse logistics concepts in the business environment. The technical procedure adopted was the case study. The data collection was made through the direct observation and interviews with the people in charge of the production and logistics sectors. The main results found were: the residues generated returns to the productive cycle obeying the environmental legislation, transforming itself in raw material again. The legal revaluing of wood residues occur when the residues are disposed in the environment by means of reverse logistics, that solve the residues destination problem providing the return for productive and business cycle, thus aggregating economic, legal and ecological value to the wood residues.
On pricing and hedging options and related first-passage time problems

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In the financial industry, a derivative is a contract whose value is derived from the value of the underlying asset price. The model of reference for the pricing of derivatives is the Black-Scholes model. This thesis examines the limitations of the Black-Scholes model and focuses on plausible alternative models in the equity markets. First, I investigate the effects of hedging strategies on the so-called pinning effect, which is the tendency of stock prices to close near the strike prices of heavily traded options as the expiration date nears. Then I concentrate on alternative stock price models that are more flexible and maintain a degree of analytical tractability for the pricing and hedging of barrier options. Based on the Weiner-Hopf factorisation, I develop some transform algorithms to derive semi-analytical expressions, in the case of barrier options, for first-passage-time probabilities, prices, and Greeks. The outcomes are compared to Monte-Carlo simulations, and I find that the proposed algorithms lead to faster, more accurate results.
Transition from a heterozygous to a homozygous state of a pair of loci in the inverted repeat sequences of the L component of the herpes simplex virus type 1 genome

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The behavior of herpes simplex virus type 1 heterozygous isolates, in which the two inverted repeats of the L component (RL) were differentiated by a polymorphism marker (the presence [type B] or absence [type A] of a SalI site), was investigated. The progeny viruses derived from the heterozygote (A/B) consisted of heterozygotes (A/B), type A homozygotes (A/A), and type B homozygotes (B/B). The heterology between RL, albeit tolerated, was unstable, as is the case with heterology between the repeats of the S component. The two repeats TRL (terminal) and IRL (internal) were equipotent in generating homozygotes from a heterozygote. Data obtained from an analysis of 426 progeny viruses derived from heterozygous clones supported the hypothesis that the two loci in RL of a herpes simplex virus type 1 genome are determined as a random combination of the corresponding two loci in RL of the parent virus and that the ratio of heterozygotes/type A homozygotes/type B homozygotes in the progeny viruses from a heterozygote is expected to be 2:1:1. An ephemeral dominance of one type of homozygote over the other was observed in subclones from several heterozygous clones.
In Fluence of Socio-Economic Factors on Spatial Development of Territories of Asian Russia (on the Example of the Tyva Republic)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper examines how socio-economic factors shape the spatial development of regions that are part of the Asian part of Russia, the study was conducted on the example of socio-economic indicators of development of the Republic of Tyva. It characterises the current socio-economic state of the region, strengths and weaknesses affecting the prerequisites for further spatial development.
Redox-responsive MRI probes to follow-up hypoxia within cell-embedding hydrogels

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

*Introduction*In regenerative medicine, biocompatible hydrogels are increasingly used to encapsulate therapeutic cells prior to transplantation into the host to enhance their long term survival. Cell embedding within bioengineered hydrogels can shield cells from immune response and provide an optimal life-sustaining microenvironment to therapeutic cells. In addition, cell embedding offers the outstanding opportunity to insert microenvironment-responsive imaging labels within the hydrogel, paving the way for non-invasive monitoring of the extracellular microenvironment within the hydrogel. We have inserted redox-responsive MRI labels within cell-embedding hydrogels to follow-up the microenvironment redox state.*Methods*High molecular weight chitosan polymers were chemically conjugated with a Gd-HPDO3A-chelate through a disulfide bond, and interspersed within alginate-based hydrogel capsules. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) as model therapeutic cells were embedded into such imaging labelled hydrogel. Embedded cells were incubated under simulated hypoxiaconditions, while being followed-up by T1-weighted MRI at 7T.*Results*Under reducing conditions, reductive cleavage of the disulfide bond in the Gd-chitosan probe yields a low molecular weight Gd-chelate that eventually diffuses out of the hydrogel capsule. The resulting change of MRI contrast enhancement along time is very sensitive to the oxygenation level within cell capsules. The kinetics of clearance of contrast enhancement is an indirect indicator of the survival of encapsulated cells.*Conclusions*The Gd-chitosan probe we developed is promising to follow-up non-invasively the redox microenvironment within cellembedding hydrogels. This approach will find useful application to monitor whether transplanted cells succeed to restore normal tissue oxygenation levels, especially in regenerative medicine approaches to ischemic diseases.
Willingness to Pay for Genetically Modified Oil, Cornflakes, and Salmon: Evidence from a U.S. Telephone Survey

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper reports results from a U.S. national telephone survey on genetically modified foods (vegetable oil, cornflakes, and salmon). The survey featured a contingent valuation in which respondents chose between the GM and non-GM alternatives with an option of indifference. The binomial and multinomial logit models yielded estimated willingness to pay (WTP) to avoid the GM alternatives. Respondents were willing to pay 20.9%, 14.8%, 28.4%, and 29.7% of the base prices to avoid GM vegetable oil, GM cornflakes, GM-fed salmon, and GM salmon, respectively. The inclusion of indifference option could increase the sample size and moderate the mean WTP.
Zinc controls PML nuclear body formation through regulation of a paralog specific auto-inhibition in SUMO1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract SUMO proteins are important regulators of many key cellular functions in part through their ability to form interactions with other proteins containing SUMO interacting motifs (SIMs). One characteristic feature of all SUMO proteins is the presence of a highly divergent intrinsically disordered region at their N-terminus. In this study, we examine the role of this N-terminal region of SUMO proteins in SUMO–SIM interactions required for the formation of nuclear bodies by the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein (PML-NBs). We demonstrate that the N-terminal region of SUMO1 functions in a paralog specific manner as an auto-inhibition domain by blocking its binding to the phosphorylated SIMs of PML and Daxx. Interestingly, we find that this auto-inhibition in SUMO1 is relieved by zinc, and structurally show that zinc stabilizes the complex between SUMO1 and a phospho-mimetic form of the SIM of PML. In addition, we demonstrate that increasing cellular zinc levels enhances PML-NB formation in senescent cells. Taken together, these results provide important insights into a paralog specific function of SUMO1, and suggest that zinc levels could play a crucial role in regulating SUMO1-SIM interactions required for PML-NB formation and function.
Individual Differences in Learning with Hypermedia: Effects of Students’ Cognitive Styles, Computer Competency Levels, and Prior Knowledge Levels on Learning Strategies

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study examines the effects of cognitive styles, computer competency levels, and prior domain knowledge levels on students’ learning strategies in an instructional hypermedia program. Sixteen students were selected out of 111 students from a Web-enhanced course, based on their cognitive style, computer competency, and prior domain knowledge test scores. In order to reveal students’ learning strategies, interviews and observations were conducted. Results indicated that cognitive styles may be important in terms of study management strategies of the students, and computer competency and prior knowledge levels may affect the patterns of using the hypermedia program.
New Insights into the Impact of Human Papillomavirus on Oral Cancer in Young Patients: Proteomic Approach Reveals a Novel Role for S100A8

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has recently been linked to a subset of cancers affecting the oral cavity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying HPV-driven oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) onset and progression are poorly understood. Methods: We performed MS-based proteomics profiling based on HPV status in OSCC in young patients, following biological characterization and cell assays to explore the proteome functional landscape. Results: Thirty-nine proteins are differentially abundant between HPV (+) and HPV (−) OSCC. Among them, COPS3, DYHC1, and S100A8 are unfavorable for tumor recurrence and survival, in contrast to A2M and Serpine1, low levels of which show an association with better DFS. Remarkably, S100A8 is considered an independent prognostic factor for lower survival rates, and at high levels, it alters tumor-associated immune profiling, showing a lower proportion of M1 macrophages and dendritic cells. HPV (+) OSCC also displayed the pathogen-associated patterns receptor that, when activated, triggered the S100A8 and NFκB inflammatory responses. Conclusion: HPV (+) OSCC has a peculiar microenvironment pattern distinctive from HPV (−), involving the expression of pathogen-associated pattern receptors, S100A8 overexpression, and NFκB activation and responses, which has important consequences in prognosis and may guide therapeutic decisions.
The Rationalization and Logistics Management Origins in Bata Company

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The successful rationalization of production and the subsequent formation of assembly-line production in the footwear industry has evolved from its deepest post-war economic crisis. People who needed to produce the best quality shoes at a reasonable price demanded changes in the system of production and sales. Rationalization introduced in the manufacture of footwear used modern machines that were scientifically and optimally distributed in manufacturing processes. Proceedings of the race was comprehensively carried out according to the production plans from raw material to the sale of final products in stores. The whole system was characterized by a struggle against all losses and defects, against wasting time, energy and material either of an individual or a team work.
Reducing medication errors still needs a health informatics solution in clinical practice

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Medication errors are the leading cause of avoidable patient harm. Health informatics should facilitate reducing errors; unfortunately, current limitations still require clinicians to be innovative and looking for local solutions. Stricter regulations should be in place to reduce medication errors due to shortcomings in currently available software and medical nomenclature. Several areas need urgent attention, including (1) better nomenclature hierarchy and additional codes to express changes in medication, with software tracking these modifications; (2) better-expressed medication codes, so tradenames are always linked to the drug generic name; and (3) better sharing of medications prescribed by different organisations. For improvement to occur, legislation is needed to enforce it, to make electronic health records safer.
On Quantum Computation Using Bias-Preserving Gates

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Certain types of quantum computing platforms, such as those realized using Rydberg atoms or Kerr-cat qubits, are natively more susceptible to Pauli-Z noise than Pauli-X noise, or vice versa. On such hardware, it is useful to ensure that computations use only gates that maintain the Z-bias (or X-bias) in the noise. This is so that quantum error-correcting codes tailored for biased-noise models can be used to provide fault-tolerance on these platforms. In this paper, we follow up on the recent work of Fellous-Asiani et al. (npj Quantum Inf., 2025) in studying the structure and properties of bias-preserving gates. Our main contributions are threefold: (1) We give a novel characterization of Z-bias-preserving gates based on their decomposition as a linear combination of Pauli operators. (2) We show that any Z-bias-preserving gate can be approximated arbitrarily well using only gates from the set {X,R_z(θ),CNOT,CCNOT}, where θis any irrational multiple of 2π. (3) We prove, by drawing a connection with coherence resource theory, that any Z-bias-preserving logical operator acting on the logical qubits of a Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) code can be realized by applying Z-bias-preserving gates on the physical qubits. Along the way, we also demonstrate that Z-bias-preserving gates are far from being universal for quantum computation.
Prediction and Analysis of Dew Point Indirect Evaporative Cooler Performance by Artificial Neural Network Method

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The artificial neural network method has been widely applied to the performance prediction of fillers and evaporative coolers, but its application to the dew point indirect evaporative coolers is rare. To fill this research gap, a novel performance prediction model for dew point indirect evaporative cooler based on back propagation neural network was established using Matlab2018. Simulation based on the test date in the moderately humid region of Yulin City (Shaanxi Province, China) finds that: the root mean square error of the evaporation efficiency of the back propagation model is 3.1367, and the r2 is 0.9659, which is within the acceptable error range. However, the relative error of individual data (sample 7) is a little bit large, which is close to 10%. In order to improve the accuracy of the back propagation model, an optimized model based on particle swarm optimization was established. The relative error of the optimized model is generally smaller than that of the BP neural network especially for sample 7. It is concluded that the optimized artificial neural network is more suitable for solving the performance prediction problem of dew point indirect evaporative cooling units.
Improved Properties of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Produced byComamonassp. EB172 Utilizing Volatile Fatty Acids by Regulating the Nitrogen Source

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study presents the effect of carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) (mol/mol) on the cell growth and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co -3-hydroxyvalerate) accumulation by Comamonas sp. EB172 in 2 L fermenters using volatile fatty acids (VFA) as the carbon source. This VFA was supplemented with ammonium sulphate and yeast extract in the feeding solution to achieve C/N (mol/mol) 5, 15, 25, and 34.4, respectively. By extrapolating the C/N and the source of nitrogen, the properties of the polymers can be regulated. The number average molecular weight (Mn) of P(3HB- co -3HV) copolymer reached the highest at 838 × 10 3 Da with polydispersity index (PDI) value of 1.8, when the culture broth was supplemented with yeast extract (C/N 34.4). Tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the copolymer containing 6–8 mol% 3HV were in the ranges of 13–14.4 MPa and 0.26–0.34 GPa, respectively, comparable to those of polyethylene (PE). Thus, Comamonas sp. EB172 has shown promising bacterial isolates producing polyhydroxyalkanoates from renewable carbon materials.