jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO DETERMINATION OF VALUE ADDED AT AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES: FINANCIAL AND ACCOUNTING ASPECT

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Introduction. The development of economic relations in agri-food chains is aimed at integration, cooperation, unification and standardization of the accounting and tax process in the agricultural sector, which is especially relevant in modern realities. An important economic category of the effectiveness of agricultural enterprises is value added, the formation of which at the micro level should be based on the principles of modern accounting, enshrined in international financial reporting standards, and at the macro level - on the principles of national accounts (SNA). Methods. An appropriate system of research methods was used in order to achieve the objectives: monographic - in formulating the purpose and conclusions of the study, the results of which are reflected in the article. The method of theoretical generalization of research of foreign and domestic scientists was used in the critical analysis of existing methodological approaches to evaluating the activities of agricultural enterprises in the region. General scientific methods of cognition, such as: dialectical method, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, systemic integrated approach, were used to substantiate measures to improve the process of studying the effectiveness of agricultural enterprises and generalize conclusions. The study of the effectiveness of agricultural enterprises in the region followed the principles of the concept, which takes into account the activities of all parts of the production process. Results. According to the results of the research, the application of the considered adjustments is explained by the fact that the reporting does not always objectively reflect the current financial condition of the entity and the results of its activities. The imperfection of the methodology of financial accounting, in particular the possibility of free interpretation of its main provisions, especially in Ukraine, allows the management of economic entities to significantly distort information about the effectiveness of companies. Discussion. Further scientific research will focus on adapting the ABC-EVA model to the activities of domestic agricultural enterprises. In our opinion, its practical application will increase the responsibility of managers for management decisions and reduce the number of conflict situations between departments of the enterprise, as they are aimed at a single goal - to maximize business value. Keywords: gross value added, economic value added, agricultural enterprise, accounting, capitalization.
The Development of British Malaya, 1896–1909. By Chai Hon-Chan. [Oxford in Asia.] (New York: Oxford University Press. 1964. Pp. xi, 364. Cloth $7.35, paper $4.90.)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The Development of British Malaya, 1896–1909. By Chai Hon-Chan. [Oxford in Asia.] (New York: Oxford University Press. 1964. Pp. xi, 364. Cloth $7.35, paper $4.90.) Get access The Development of British Malaya, 1896–1909. By Hon-Chan Chai. [Oxford in Asia.] (New York: Oxford University Press. 1964. Pp. xi, 364. Cloth $7.35, paper $4.90.) Lennox A. Mills Lennox A. Mills Wolfville, Nova Scotia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 72, Issue 3, April 1967, Page 1066, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/72.3.1066 Published: 01 April 1967
Morphological Study related to Copolymerization-factor on the EVA-AS Cograftmer [I]

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

飽和のゴムと見なし得るエチレンー酢酸ビニル共重合体 (EVAと表す) を幹ポリマーにして, アクリロニトリル, スチレンをグラフト重合した。EVAとアクリロニトリルースチレン共重合体 (ASと表す) の海, 島の形態的相構造と物性の関係を検討した結果, ASのEVAへのグラフト率, EVAの分散状態が重要な役割りを持つことがわかった。(1) 共重合が進むにつれて, EVA海から島へ転換する。(2) EVA島, AS海の相構造が衝撃強度の向上に効果があり, ASのEVAへのグラフト率向上がEVA分散の安定化に効果がある。(3) ジアシル型開始剤はグラフト率が低い。パーオキシエステル型開始剤はグラフト率が高すぎ, 超高分子の生成により溶融流れが起こらなくなる。実用面からは, 二種の複合開始剤系がよい。(4) サスペンション重合では, 生成樹脂をロール混練することによって相構造が変り不安定である。バルクサスペンション重合によりEVA島での分散が安定化する。
Pengaruh Struktur Modal Terhadap Harga Saham dengan Kinerja Perusahaan sebagai Variabel Intervening pada Perusahaan Property dan Real Estate

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to examine the direct effect of capital structure on company performance and stock prices; direct effect of company performance on stock prices. As well as testing the indirect effect of capital structure on stock prices through company performance. Hypothesis testing is carried out using the Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The sample used consisted of 40 property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 62 companies, for 2018-2020. Sampling was done by purposive sampling method. The results of this research show that capital structure has no effect on stock prices. Stock prices tend to be more influenced by the demand and supply of shares by capital market participants. This shows that it is likely that investors who will invest in property and real estate companies in the form of shares will consider other information about the company besides information about the company's capital structure. While the capital structure does not affect the performance of the company's performance. These results indicate that changes in the company's capital structure caused by an increase in the amount of company debt do not improve company performance. However, the company's performance has a positive effect on stock prices. Meanwhile, capital structure has no effect on stock prices through company performance. These results indicate that the company's performance is not able to mediate the relationship between capital structure and stock prices
Research on Privacy-preserving in Distributed Mining Based on the Attribute Similarity

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

It's of profound significance to preserve privacy in the distributed data mining process. Based on the NDTree's attribute similarity algorithm and combined with the HES homomorphism encryption algorithm, this paper constructs the HE-NDT which is a privacy-preserving distributed database of decision tree mining algorithm. The theory and experimental results indicates that this algorithm can achieve improvements in terms of privacy, accuracy, and efficiency.
Letter: Doctors, contraception, and sterilisation.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Mr. A.R. Hill's letter (July 31, p. 303) concerning the vocation of doctors seems to introduce a fundamental issue regarding their function in modern-day practice. I had always understood that the purpose of the family physician is to offer total patient care. Naturally this includes the prevention and treatment of disease and injury, but surely it includes much more. The right to avoid an unwanted pregnancy must surely be available to any woman or couple, and I cannot believe that any general practitioner would abrogate this responsibility (other than on genuine religious grounds) to any other member of the community such as a chemist or nurse. The side effects of the oral contraceptives are many and may be serious, and the community doctor is in an ideal position to be consulted should untoward reactions occur. Even where religious beliefs preclude prescription or advice on contraception, usually the caring general practitioner is able to make alternative arrangements with another doctor or a family planning clinic. With reference to the 2nd part of the letter, vasectomy is a quick, efficient procedure to render the male sterile. It is a very satisfactory method of absolute contraception in those cases where the family is complete. If in Dr. Hill's experience the operation seems to be mutilating, then I fear that the surgeons he has encountered are not of a high standard. Please do not let us remember only the sick and infirm. There are also the unlucky, the unfortunate, and the unhappy. It is often these latter groups that medicine can help most.
Support Costs and Reliability in Weapons Acquisition: Approaches for Evaluating New Systems

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract : This paper reports on the development of a new system reliability assessment method, to be used for assessing the tradeoffs between equipment reliability and logistic support resources early in the acquisition process. The purpose is to quantify what reliability buys in terms of lower spares costs and other support costs. Both peacetime and wartime conditions are examined. The method is demonstrated using the F-15C aircraft as a model for a national Advanced Tactical Fighter (ATF) avionics suite.
The Causal Effect of Education on Health: What is the Role of Health Behaviors?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract We investigate the causal effect of education on health and the part of it that is attributable to health behaviors by distinguishing between short‐run and long‐run mediating effects: whereas, in the former, only behaviors in the immediate past are taken into account, in the latter, we consider the entire history of behaviors. We use two identification strategies: instrumental variables based on compulsory schooling reforms and a combined aggregation, differencing, and selection on an observables technique to address the endogeneity of both education and behaviors in the health production function. Using panel data for European countries, we find that education has a protective effect for European men and women aged 50+. We find that the mediating effects of health behaviors—measured by smoking, drinking, exercising, and the body mass index—account in the short run for around a quarter and in the long run for around a third of the entire effect of education on health. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Classification of Facemarks Using N-gram

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present an approach for the classification of facemarks into some facial expression categories. Facemarks are some of the expressions that are often used in text-based communication. Facemarks express human facial expression or action and they help us to understand what writers imply. However, there are some problems in the proccessing of the facemarks with computer; facemarks are numerous and users make new facemarks. Therefore, we propose to use the characters in facemarks to classify them. Though the facemarks are various, only some of signs and letters are used for the characters that compose the them. Moreover, there is a feature of the expressions of facemarks in the characters. We present an approach for facemarks classification using N-gram and evaluate this method.
Regulation by Ammonium of Variation in Heterotrophic CO2 Fixation by Euglena gracilis During Growth Cycles*

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SYNOPSIS Heterotrophic (dark) CO 2 fixation by Euglena gracilis strain Z varies with phase of batch culture growth and mode of nutrition. Increases in the fixation during growth cycles correlate closely with the depletion of exogenous NH 4 * from the medium during growth. It is demonstrated that exogenous NH 4 + regulates a component of heterotrophic CO 2 fixation and that another component is independent of NH 4 + . This is true for cells grown heterotrophically (glucose, dark), autotrophically (CO 2 , light) and for a permanently bleached strain ( E. gracilis SB3). Some kinetics of the NH 4 + regulation are presented.
THE EFFECT OF ADRENAL CORTEX EXTRACT WITH AND WITHOUT EPINEPHRINE UPON THE WORK OF ADRENALLY INSUFFICIENT RATS

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Epinephrine has the property of temporarily increasing the height of contraction of “fatigued” skeletal muscle. Radwanska (1910) found that the administration of epinephrine to the “fatigued” adrenalectomized animal gives a temporary increase in work output. Although the hormones of the adrenal cortex are of primary importance in restoring the ability of the adrenalectomized animal to work (Hartman, Brownell and Lockwood, 1932), the question of the importance of the adrenal medulla and its hormone epinephrine in the maintenance of vigor and resistance has remained unanswered. Ingle and Lukens (1941) found that the work performance of the adrenal demedullated rat was depressed below that of normal animals during the first few hours of work and that the administration of epinephrine with glucose would temporarily restore to normal the work rate of “fatigued” adrenalectomized rats. One of us (D.J.I., unpublished) has observed that the continuous subcutaneous injection of adrenal cortex extract with epinephrine to adrenalectomized rats in collapse and near death can cause a reversal of symptoms and recovery which are not obtainable with adrenal cortex extract alone.
Understanding Dementia Carer Experiences Before Admission to a Residential Aged Care Facility: Implications for Integrated Care

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In-depth understanding of dementia carer experience can assist clinicians by providing insight into dementia onset, symptoms and management, and help conceptualize and understand the pattern of dementia progress over time and what help is needed. We undertook a qualitative study to understand dementia carers experiences of providing care and reasons for admission to a residential aged care facility (RACF). Three themes were identified: (1) Challenges in the path to diagnosis and care, leading to delays accessing support; (2) Carer role impacted by living circumstances; and (3) Variation in decision support prior to admission to a RACF. Identifying dementia carer experiences, reinforces the need for more timely diagnosis, referral for support and interventions to promote better quality of life for a people living with dementia and their carer and to delay premature RACF placement.
Rat brainCYP2Dactivity altersin vivocentral oxycodone metabolism, levels and resulting analgesia

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Oxycodone is metabolized by CYP2D to oxymorphone. Despite oxymorphone being a more potent opioid‐receptor agonist, its contribution to oxycodone analgesia may be minor because of low peripheral production, low blood–brain barrier permeability and central nervous system efflux. CYP2D metabolism within the brain may contribute to variation in central oxycodone and oxymorphone levels, thereby affecting analgesia. Brain CYP2D expression and activity are subject to exogenous regulation; nicotine induces rat brain, but not liver, CYP2D consistent with higher brain CYP2D in smokers. We assessed the role of rat brain CYP2D in orally administered oxycodone metabolism ( in vivo brain microdialysis) and analgesia (tail‐flick test) by inhibiting brain CYP2D selectively with intracerebroventricular propranolol (mechanism‐based inhibitor) and inducing brain CYP2D with nicotine. Inhibiting brain CYP2D increased brain oxycodone levels (1.8‐fold; P < 0.03) and analgesia (1.5‐fold AUC 0–60 ; P < 0.001) after oxycodone, while inducing brain CYP2D increased brain oxymorphone levels (4.6‐fold; P < 0.001) and decreased analgesia (0.8‐fold; P < 0.02). Inhibiting the induced brain CYP2D reversed the change in oxycodone levels (1.2‐fold; P > 0.1) and analgesia (1.1‐fold; P > 0.3). Brain, but not plasma, metabolic ratios were affected by pre‐treatments. Peak analgesia was inversely correlated with ex vivo brain ( P < 0.003), but not hepatic ( P > 0.9), CYP2D activity. Altering brain CYP2D did not affect analgesia from oral oxymorphone ( P > 0.9 for AUC 0–60 across all groups), which is not a CYP2D substrate. Thus, brain CYP2D metabolism alters local oxycodone levels and response, suggesting that people with increased brain CYP2D activity may have reduced oxycodone response. Factors that alter individual oxycodone response may be useful for optimizing treatment and minimizing abuse liability.
An Explosively Driven Launcher Capable of 10 km/s Projectile Velocities

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Launching large (> 1 g) well-characterized projectiles to velocities beyond 10 km/s is of interest for a number of scientific fields but is beyond the reach of current hypervelocity launcher technology. This paper reports the development of an explosively driven light-gas gun that has demonstrated the ability to launch 8 mm diameter, 0.36 g magnesium projectiles to 10.4 km/s. The implosion-driven launcher (IDL) uses the linear implosion of a pressurized tube to shock-compress helium gas to a pressure of \SI{5}{\giga\pascal}, which then expands to propel a projectile to hypervelocity. The launch cycle of the IDL is explored with the use of down-bore velocimetry experiments and a quasi-one-dimensional internal ballistics solver. A detailed overview of the design of the 8 mm launcher is presented, with an emphasis on the unique considerations which arise from the explosively driven propellant compression and the resulting extreme pressures and temperatures. The high average driving pressure results in a launcher that is compact, with a total length typically less than a meter. The possibility to scale the design to larger projectile sizes (25 mm diameter) is demonstrated. Finally, concepts for a modified launch cycle which may allow the IDL to reach significantly greater projectile velocities are explored conceptually and with preliminary experiments.
Automatic Detection of Periods of Eating Using Wrist Motion Tracking

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

More than one third of adults in the United States are now classified as obese. Self monitoring of energy in take has been shown to have a positive impact on weight loss, but existing tools for logging eating activities are tedious to use and prone to bias which leads to noncompliance and underestimation. In this paper we describe preliminary results from our on going data collection from 500 free living participants, in an effort to improve our previous algorithm that detects periods of eating. We see a 75% accuracy in our data collected to date.
Signals for Noncommutative QED at Future e+ e- Colliders

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The signatures for noncommutative QED at e + e - colliders with center of mass energies in the range of 0.5-5 TeV are examined. For integrated luminosities of 0.5-1 ab -1 or more, sensitivities to the associated mass scales greater than [Formula: see text] are possible.
High Incidence of Adverse Outcomes in Haemodialysis Patients with Diabetes with or without Diabetic Foot Syndrome: A 5-Year Observational Study in Lleida, Spain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: We evaluated whether, in subjects receiving haemodialysis (HD), the presence of diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) was associated with increased mortality compared with subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM) without DFS and with non-diabetic subjects. Methods: Retrospective, observational study in 220 subjects followed for six years. We calculated and compared the frequency and 5-year cumulative incidence of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular (CV) mortality, CV events, major adverse CV events (MACE), and new foot ulcer (FU) or amputation. We also examined prognostic factors of all-cause and CV mortality based on baseline characteristics. Results: DM patients had a 1.98 times higher probability of all-cause mortality than those without DM (p = 0.001) and 2.42 times higher likelihood of CV mortality and new FU or amputation (p = 0.002 and p = 0.008, respectively). In the DM cohort, only the risk of a new FU or amputation was 2.69 times higher among those with previous DFS (p = 0.021). In patients with DM, older age was the only predictor of all-cause and CV mortality (p = 0.001 and p = 0.014, respectively). Conclusions: Although all-cause and CV mortality were increased on HD subjects with DM, the presence of DFS did not modify the excess risk. Additional studies are warranted to further explore the impact of DFS in subjects with DM undergoing HD.
INDIVIDUAL ETHICAL ORIENTATIONS, ETHICAL SENSITIVITY AND PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT OF ACADEMIC STAFF IN UNIVERSITIES IN UGANDA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Professional conduct of academic staff has become to be a major area of concern. The professional behavior of academic staff in universities in Uganda is influenced by a number of factors. Individual ethical orientation and ethical sensitivity are some of the factors that affect the professional conduct of academic staff in Uganda. This study attempts to study the relationship between individual ethical orientations, ethical sensitivity and the professional behavior of academic staff in Universities in Uganda. Individual ethical orientations and ethical sensitivity are important because they do determine the behavior of academic staff. The research was based on academic staff in universities in Uganda. A Sample of 300 was taken composed of academic staff in these institutions. A survey questionnaire was used which was adopted from those used by previous scholars and was modified to suit the local setting. A response rate of 73% was achieved. The study established that individual ethical orientation explained 42 % of the variation in the professional conduct of academic staff and ethical sensitivity explained 49% of the variation in the professional behavior of academic staff. According to the results, when ethical sensitivity was introduced the beta coeffients for individual ethical orientation dropped from 0.32 to 0.20. These results raise implications to the Chancellors and vice challencellors in these Universities. This is the first study to document the effect of individual ethical orientations and ethical sensitivity on the professional behavior of academic staff in Universities in Uganda. Despite the increasing un professional conduct of academic staff in these Universities, the staff concerned with the administrative issues in the universities have neglected the issues of individual ethical orientations and ethical sensitivity which have really promoted un professional conduct among the academic staff. The results indicate that the professional conduct of academic staff is influenced by their individual ethical orientations and ethical sensitivity.
Distribution of Mammals in the Japanese Empire

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Distribution of Mammals in the Japanese Empire Get access Nagamichi Kuroda Nagamichi Kuroda Fukuyoshi Cho, Akasaka, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Mammalogy, Volume 20, Issue 1, 14 February 1939, Pages 37–50, https://doi.org/10.2307/1374490 Published: 14 February 1939
Exploring an open, distributed multimedia framework to design and develop an adaptive middleware for interactive digital television systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Interactive digital television systems should provide concepts of middleware for harmonizing and abstracting discrepancies related to hardware and operating systems issues. In such a context, this paper explores a framework for configuration and management of open, distributed multimedia systems with the purpose of designing and developing a component-based adaptive middleware for interactive digital television systems, which incorporates mechanisms for specification, configuration, management and reuse of resources and components.