jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Changing Relationships between Rights Holders and Others in Inclusive Aid : A Case Study of Partnerships between NGOs and Identity-Based Associations in Nepal

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article discusses the processes and conditions necessary for aid, with a special focus on identity-based associations (IBAs) established by socially excluded groups. The study defines inclusive aid as aid that establishes IBAs as core implementing partners of development programs. Inclusive aid enables IBAs to be recognized as civil society organizations (CSOs), and to restore human rights by transforming relationships among IBAs, international non-government organizations (NGOs), and local NGOs . As an example, the paper examines Shakti Samuha in Nepal, the first IBA in the world established by survivors of human trafficking. This organization was selected because it is a model for other IBAs formed by stigmatized women and has become an indispensable actor in Nepal. The article begins with a critical review of the current tendency of development aid to exclude IBAs. Next, it examines prior studies on partnerships and a rights-based approach, and those on development partnerships, in which IBAs are paired with international NGOs. Based on interviews with members, staff, advisors of Shakti Samuha and its supporters, and staff of partner organizations, the case demonstrates an evolutionary process of inclusive aid that follows five steps: 1) organizing a group of excluded persons; 2) transforming from self-help organizations to IBAs; 3) mutual learning through networking; 4) working with various actors; and 5) changing relationships between rights holders and other actors. The findings will be applicable in countries where partnership styles and the establishment of IBAs are promoted. The study aims to examine the present conditions for successful partnerships with marginalized organizations and other development agencies, and does not deal with social inclusion of marginalized people in general. The scope of this study is limited to partnership issues in the development aid sector.
Next generation bioactive applications of Bacillus flexus by synthesized silver nanoparticles : A detailed investigation

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized through biological methods have emerged as a difficult alternative to traditional chemical synthesis due to their increased biocompatibility and environmental attainability. In this study, we investigated the stability and various biological activities of AgNPs synthesized using Bacillus flexus B-AgNPs. The solidification of the nanoparticles was monitored for one month using UV-Vis spectroscopy, which revealed consistent surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks around 430-450 nm, indicating sustained nanoparticle integrity. The synthesized B-AgNPs proved significant antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities. The antifungal efficacy was evaluated against multiple strains of Alternaria solani with B-AgNPs showing superior inhibition compared to standard antifungal drugs. Even at low concentrations, the nanoparticles demonstrated powerful inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Results indicate that B-AgNPs exhibit antioxidant activity also approximate to that of DPPH, particularly at higher concentrations (50 ppm), where the scavenging activity of B-AgNPs is nearly the same as that of DPPH. These findings indicate that B-AgNPs synthesized using B. flexus possess important potential uses in agriculture and biomedicine, with superior stability and biological activity compared to conventional methods.
Insecticide Susceptibility and Response to Selected Pollens of Larval Alfalfa Leafcutting Bees,Megachile pacifica(Panzer) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A method for rearing larvae from field-collected eggs of Megachile pacifica (Panzer) was used to measure insecticide toxicities, synergist ratios, and larval growth on 4 pollen species. Carbaryl, propoxur, Landrin® (3,4,5-trimethylphenyl methylcarbamate and 2,3,5-trimethylphenyl carbamate) and methomyl had LC 50 values ranging from 42–121 ppm. Gardona® [2-chloro-1-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) vinyl dimethyl phosphate] and monocrotophos were more toxic with LC 50 values of about 1.7 and 2.6 ppm, respectively. The carbaryl-piperonyl butoxide synergist ratios for the larvae were estimated to range between 1.57–2.17. Alfalfa pollen provided the best larval growth. Pollens from goatsrue, sweet clover, and goldenweed were less satisfactory.
Moodle Preference Analysis in Computer Science Faculty Student at Soegijapranata Catholic University

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

ELearning refers to the use of electronic media and information and communication technologies in education. The ELearning system in Computer Science Faculty at Soegijapranata Catholic University (SCU) use Moodle as the open-source course management system that is used for delivering, tracking and managing training and education. \nAlthough eLearning with Moodle gives many features such as assignment submission, discussion forum, files download, grading, instant messages, online calendar, and many more; the actual use in daily learning activities in Computer Science faculty students at SCU has not been utilized well. Many of them did not know the actual use and benefits of eLearning and still used it for searching and downloading courses only. \nFor that matter, it is better to formulized the strategy in using and creating the maximum benefits from eLearning program. This paper will discuss the opinion of the Computer Science faculty students about the integration of interesting features in the eLearning software to realize the actual use of eLearning program in order to optimize the benefit from the eLearning program.
PHARMACODYNAMICS (PD) BUT NOT THE PHARMACOKINETICS (PK) OF MYCOPHENOLIC ACID IS ALTERED BY DIABETES.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Glander, Petra; Hambach, Pia; Mai, Marco; Liefeldt, Lutz; Markmann, Denise; Bauer, Steffen; Neumayer, Hans-H; Budde, Klemens Author Information
Platons Philosophie der Zahlen

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The study examines the significance of numbers in Plato's metaphysics and philosophy of mathematics with the aim of reassessing the testimonies of Plato in Aristotle. In careful interpretations of Plato's dialogues Politeia, Timaeus and Parmenides, the significance of numbers for the determinacy of our thinking is revealed. On this basis, the Aristotelian testimonies of Plato's theories of principles, numbers and mathematics are critically assessed and reinterpreted. In some cases, e.g. with regard to the relationship between Platonic ideas and numbers, Aristotle's account is substantially corrected. The study also shows in detail the influence of ancient mathematics on Plato's philosophy.
Influence of Nitrogen Nutrition on Fatty Acids in Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen nutrition on the content of fatty acids and selected qualitative parameters (nitrogenous substances, ash, crude fiber) in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The experiment was carried out at the Vígľaš—Pstruša Research and Breeding Station in 2008–2009 and 2009–2010 by complete block design with four repetitions. Nitrogen fertilization was applied at four levels, plus an untreated control (after agrochemical soil analysis) by DAN 27 (Dolomite Ammonium Nitrate): 100, 120, 140, and 160 kg/ha N. Application date was in BBCH scale phase 59–60. The fatty acid contents (MUFA—monosaturated fatty acids; PUFA—polyunsaturated fatty acids) were determined by gas chromatography in the extracted fat, which is determined by extraction method. Within the result evaluation, statistically significant increases in the contents of linoleic and linolenic acids were recorded in all variants treated by nitrogen fertilizer, which is positive in terms of the use of rapeseed oil for food and energy purposes. The statistically significant decrease of oleic acid after the application of nitrogen fertilizers is negative for industry use of rapeseed oil.
Decomposing implicit associations about life and death improves our understanding of suicidal behavior

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract The Death/Suicide Implicit Association Test (IAT) is effective at detecting and prospectively predicting suicidal thoughts and behaviors. However, traditional IAT scoring procedures used in all prior studies (i.e., D ‐scores) provide an aggregate score that is inherently relative, obfuscating the separate associations (i.e., “Me = Death/Suicide,” “Me = Life”) that might be most relevant for understanding suicide‐related implicit cognition. Here, we decompose the D‐ scores and validate a new analytic technique called the Decomposed D ‐scores (“ DD ‐scores”) that creates separate scores for each category (“Me,” “Not Me”) in the IAT. Across large online volunteer samples ( N > 12,000), results consistently showed that a weakened association between “Me = Life” is more strongly predictive of having a history of suicidal attempts than is a stronger association between “Me = Death/Suicide.” These findings replicated across three different versions of the IAT and were observed when calculated using both reaction times and error rates. However, among those who previously attempted suicide, a strengthened association between “Me = Death” is more strongly predictive of the recency of a suicide attempt. These results suggest that decomposing traditional IAT D ‐scores can offer new insights into the mental associations that may underlie clinical phenomena and may help to improve the prediction, and ultimately the prevention, of these clinical outcomes.
Human-induced vertical vibration of a glass suspension footbridge: experimental study and numerical analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Glass-bottomed suspension footbridges are increasingly constructed, especially in scenic regions, because of glass-bottomed and transparent decks to, e.g. attract tourists. This study investigated a newly built glass suspension bridge. The whole mass-spring-damper (MSD) model was selected as the appropriate model. Results showed the bridge had low vertical natural frequencies, many of which were within the human-induced excitation frequency ranges, resulting in (near-)resonance under walking and running tests. The structural responses were affected by the step frequency, number, and trajectory of the tested pedestrians. The study also reveals modal parameter features of the glass-bottomed footbridge are not the same as that of conventional ones. The glass deck only slightly changes the natural frequencies of the structure but leads to significantly higher damping ratios against conventional ones. Additionally, the footbridge can have around 20% lower modal masses than the concrete footbridge, and have slightly higher modal masses for lower modes but significantly higher modal masses for higher modes than the steel one. These distinctive features again reveal the importance of the investigation for the human-induced vibrations of the glass-bottomed footbridges. The paper may provide insights for understanding the dynamic behaviour of this new type of footbridges and support better design.
Noise in Microwave Transmission Applications of Gunn and IMPATT Diodes -- IMPATT and Gunn Diode Noise Diagnostics

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In a communications system, the noise performance answer of most significance is the signal to noise ratio at the baseband output from a receiver. This is reflected in the form of the noise specification for components used in communications service. This is a ratio of noise in a 3 kHz bandwidth to the power in a test tone which causes 200 kHz deviation in the transmitter. This 3 kHz bandwidth is swept through the baseband region--typically 50 kHz to 5 mHz.
Nonsensitive DataandApproximate Transactions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A methodology hasbeenproposed forsolving database problems requiring onlyapproximate solutions. Dataitems areclassi- fied assensi-tive andnonsensitive. Anapproximate transaction modifies onlythenonsensitive dataitems whichneednotsatisfy strong consis- tency constraints, andprovides results onlyuptoadegree ofapproxi- mation.Further, itisshownthatsuchanapproach improves the performance insituations wheretransaction conflicts arefrequent. Additionally, themethodology provides users aswellasdatamanagers withmechanisms tocontrol theprecision ofthecomputation, preserv- ingthequalitative characteristics ofthedataitems. IndexTerms-Access synchronization, approximation, concurrency control, deadlock, decentralized system, locking, object model, time- stampordering.
Study of the shortest evacuation route on toxic leakage on the genetic algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The right evacuation direction system is the key that avoids and reduces the injuries and deaths, and the best evacuation route is the precondition directs correctly. based on the theory of the gas diffusing and the toxic injury model, the model of equivalent length and the feasibility of the evacuation route, the concepts of the coefficient pass difficulty and easy and danger are put forward. Then the model is established and the method that solve the k shortest route between 2 spots is discussed on the basis of the genetic algorithm which is characterized by several best solutions.1fig., 3tabs.,11refs.
TRADITIONAL USES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN MAHARASHTRA VIDHARBH REGION

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The Vidharbha have a great wealth of medicinal plants and traditional medicinal knowledge.Medicinal plants have played an important role of primary health care system among the local people of Vidharbha region.The present paper is a study of the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants and its use by local people of Vidharbha Region.Due to its unique geographical location and different climatic condition, it has rich biodiversity and variety of plant species.Medicinal plants are the principal health care resources among the most of people in India.Local people of this region are basically depends upon medicinal plants for their primary health care system.Their primary cure of diseases is based upon deep observation of nature and their understanding of traditional knowledge of medical practices.Local people in this region, especially tribal people and women heavily use these traditionally available medicinal plants for health and believe that these are easily available, less expensive and have no side effects as compare to modern medicine.The plants used for medicinal purposes in the primary health traditions are slowly becoming extinct due to development activities, population explosion, impact of tourism, deforestation and many more.The present paper focuses about the indigenous knowledge of different medicinal plants used in the Vidharbha region.Ethnomedicinal uses of 111 medicinal plant species along with botanical name, part used and mode of treatment are given in this paper.
Long-term treatment in diabetics with acarbose, a glucosidase inhibitor: Efficacy, tolerability and effect on GI hormones.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

12 months therapy with acarbose in 143 type I and type II patients markedly improved the metabolic control, assessed by fasting and postprandial blood glucose determination. During 5 year acarbose treatment GIP levels were decreased and enteroglucagon levels were elevated. After withdrawal of the drug for one week GIP levels increased and enteroglucagon concentrations fell. Thus, GI-hormone changes were reversible after discontinuation of acarbose. Tolerability of acarbose was good and clinical chemistry and haematology parameters showed no changes after 1-5 years acarbose therapy. Approximately 60% of the patients had intestinal symptoms which subsided again for most patients after 1-4 weeks therapy with acarbose. Body weight remained unchanged. The glucosidase inhibitor acarbose is a new effective and safe therapeutic concept in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Refining Indications for Orbital Floor Reconstruction in Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures are common, accounting for ∼40% of all facial fractures. Given the integral component the ZMC plays in the formation of the orbit, all fractures to the ZMC entail some degree of injury to the orbital floor itself. Standard treatment involves open reduction and internal fixation, but the necessity of orbital floor exploration in these cases remains debated. This study utilizes a statistical algorithm to identify clinical and radiographic characteristics that portend the need for this procedure. Methods: A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) database was performed for all patients with ZMC fractures at a tertiary academic center. Demographic, clinical, and imaging data were examined for each patient, including zygoma body rotation angle (ZBRA), anterior-posterior (A-P) displacement, vertical displacement, and lateral-medial displacement. Patients were stratified into those who did and those who did not receive orbital floor repair. Naïve Bayesian estimates were used to discern characteristics that increased the likelihood of orbital floor reconstruction. Results and Conclusion: Of 232 patients with ZMC fractures, 14 underwent orbital floor exploration and repair. Patients with symptoms of orbital dystopia (RR=46.7, P <0.001) or malar flattening (RR=2.3, P =0.025) were significantly more likely to require repair. Concomitant facial fractures also portended need for floor reconstruction. Patients with posterior zygoma displacement <1.72 mm demonstrated no need for orbital floor management, while those with impaction ≥3.02 mm had a 40% probability of requiring surgical intervention.
Persons With Chronic Conditions

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The prevalence and costs of chronic conditions as a whole have rarely been estimated. Because the number of persons with limitations due to chronic conditions is more regularly reported in the literature, the total prevalence of chronic conditions has perhaps been minimized. The majority of persons with chronic conditions are not disabled, nor are they elderly. Chronic conditions affect all ages. Because persons with chronic conditions have greater health needs at any age, their costs are disproportionately high.
Weight bias and identity characteristics among students at a public university in Southern Brazil

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Objective Despite the consequences of weight discrimination for health inequities, its relationship with identity characteristics remains poorly understood. We investigated whether and to what extent discrimination attributed to body weight is linked to sociodemographic and identity factors. Methods This cross-sectional study is based on a representative sample of undergraduate students from the Federal University of Santa Catarina. Information on perceived discrimination was collected using the brief version of the Explicit Discrimination Scale. Socioeconomic and demographic data were also collected. Results: The results showed that 22.8% of the sample reported experiencing discrimination for being “fat or thin” throughout their lives. Perceived weight discrimination was higher among respondents whose household heads had completed up to high school education, and among those who were overweight and rated their health as “poor.” Conclusion Perceived weight discrimination was associated with significant factors linked to the stigmatization and pathologization of body weight. These findings should be considered in more inclusive approaches aimed at counteracting the embodiment of social inequalities.
Research on the Interface Design of Elderly Care APP Based on the Elderly Group: Take the Pension APP “Xiyang” as an Example

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

With the cross integration of the digital intelligence era and the aging society, smart products are becoming increasingly popular in both the household and social sectors. The traditional home care and community care can no longer meet the modern, diversified and personalized needs of the elderly, and “Internet + pension” has also become a hot topic. As an innovative pension service model, pension APP is gradually becoming an important tool to improve the quality of life of the elderly. As an important part of the pension APP, the interface design directly affects the user’s experience and satisfaction. This paper uses questionnaire surveys, interviews and other methods to understand the living conditions and predicaments of the elderly in the era of intelligence. Through statistics and analysis of the survey results and combined with the characteristics of this specialty, this paper discusses how the interface design of Xiyang APP should meet the special needs of the elderly and provide a more comfortable and convenient user experience for the elderly.
Travel time constraints in transport policy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Average travel time per person has remained constant at about an hour a day for at least the past 30 years, over which period average distance travelled has increased by over 50%. The average number of trips per person has also held steady, at 1000 per year. It follows that the growth in travel has taken the form of longer journeys at higher average speeds. Most of the intended investment in the UK Government's Ten Year Transport Plan has the effect of increasing average speed. This will increase distances travelled within constant average travel time, will result in increased environmental detriments, and is not likely to have a perceptible impact on congestion. Congestion charging could reduce distances travelled, but raises an issue of equity. Some approaches are discussed that could increase transport system efficiency without increasing average speed.
A proximal Peaceman–Rachford splitting method for solving the multi-block separable convex minimization problems

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The Peaceman–Rachford splitting method (PRSM) is well studied for solving the two-block separable convex minimization problems with linear constraints recently. In this paper, we consider the separable convex minimization problem where its objective function is the sum of more than two functions without coupled variables, when applying the PRSM to this case directly, it is not necessarily convergent. To remedy this difficulty, we propose a proximal Peaceman–Rachford splitting method for solving this multi-block separable convex minimization problems, which updates the Lagrangian multiplier two times at each iteration and solves some subproblems parallelly. Under some mild conditions, we prove global convergence of the new method and analyse the worst-case convergence rate in both ergodic and nonergodic senses. In addition, we apply the new method to solve the robust principal component analysis problem and report some preliminary numerical results to indicate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.