jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Identification and Biological Characterization of Progestins from Botanicals In Vitro and In Vivo

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Extensive studies have been conducted on botanicals for the presence of estrogenic molecules, unfortunately, very little has ever been done to identify plant-based progestins. This underexplored area is troubling especially since there is a body of scientific evidence supporting the presence of progesterone receptor (PR) modulators in plant material that may affect endocrine function. The goal of this dissertation was to identify and characterize natural progesterone (P4)-like compounds from botanical extracts for the improvement of women’s health. Red clover, hops, angelica, black cohosh, kudzu, dogwood, and chaste-tree berry were investigated for their ability to interact with purified PR, to activate PRE-luciferase transcription in human breast cancer cells, and for tissue specific regulation of P4 inducible genes. Kaempferol was identified as having P4-like activity and may function in a cell-specific manner. In vivo studies revealed that kaempferol exhibited P4-like effects in ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rat model. Since genistein is a phytoestrogen that previously demonstrated to increase uterine weight and proliferation, the ability of kaempferol to block genistein action in the uterus was investigated. Analyses of proliferation, steroid receptor expression, and induction of well-established PR-regulated targets Areg and Hand2 were completed. In addition, kaempferol in silico binding analysis was completed for PR, as was the activation of ER and AR signaling in vitro in order to determine receptor specificity. The data from this dissertation suggest that kaempferol interacts with PR, activates the receptor without stimulating its degradation, induces known PR target genes in vitro and in vivo and blocked genistein-induced proliferation in the luminal epithelial cells in Sprague-Dawley rat uteri. The toxicity of hops extracts in cell-based assays precluded further investigation in vitro, but an initial bioassay screen suggested that natural progestins can be identified from hops extracts. Further chemical and biological analyses are warranted to identify and characterize progestins from hops. The comprehensive framework outlined in this thesis will provide a promising avenue for the identification of potentially better and safer compounds capable of activating PR signaling from botanical extracts used for women's health.
Creating lean spaces: utilizing lean methods to achieve optimal architectural design

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper focuses on creating a lean environment for the end user of the building. There are many studies on lean thinking, yet there is a few about utilizing lean methods to optimize the space performance of the architectural design. Some architectural concepts and tools, which may be utilized to enhance the end user's experience, were developed during the history of architecture. The problem is that there is not a holistic ground to define their aims for providing valuable space. Since lean aims operational excellence and looking for possibilities for continuous improvement, it may offer a framework for the techniques of enhancing the end user's experience. The objective of this study is to demonstrate architectural concepts' parallelism with lean principles and what can be derived from lean principles in order to contribute to the end users’ experience. This paper is conducted from a conceptual perspective. The correlation between the fundamentals of lean thinking and the well-established architectural concepts is examined via narrowed literature research.
EBG optimised bandstop filter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The main purpose for this report is to present the design process and fabrication of an Electromagnetic BandGap (EBG) optimized bandstop filter. This report will feature details from the planning stage all the way to fabrication and prototype testing before doing a brief comparison between the desired results and the measured results and the reasons for their difference. As the ideal factors are always compromised with each other, the reasons for design decisions are also discussed. Fabrication of the prototype and measurement results are also compared and discussed.
Java based interactive tools for antenna beamforming simulation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This report summarizes the knowledge and experience gained by the author throughout the final year project, and serves a guideline of students who will embark on similar projects involving Java tool development, based on theory of radar and antenna.Under the guidance of Prof. Lu Yilong, the author undertook the design & development of two interactive Java (Applet embedded in HTML tags) tools. The first tool is for is for visualization of pattern of N-element uniform linear dipole antenna array, in three 2D-cutoff planes, by varying 10 parameters, such as the element orientation, array orientation, and dipole length. The second one is for Radar Equation calculation, along with diagram of the radar detection range with respect to one out of three important parameters (Peak Power, Antenna Gain and Signal to Noise Ratio). During the one-year dedicated commitment of the project, the theoretical knowledge of radar system and antenna radiation theory is acquired, as well as the expertise of Model-View-Control (MVC) design pattern and the experience of rich client (Applet) programming in Java.
A shape sensitivity analysis approach based on the boundary element method

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A revised shape design sensitivity formulation is presented for elastostatic problems based on the adjoint method and the boundary element method.The objective function is assumed as a functional consisting of the boundary quantities and those given at some finite number of points in the domain of the solid.The gradient of the objective function is derived and an adjoint state is introduced so that the unknown sensitivity coefficients of the displacement and traction on the boundary and in the domain are eliminated from the gradient expression.Since the original boundary value problem and the adjoint problem are governed by the same differential equations and the boundary condition types, and also the derived sensitivity formulation is expressed with only the boundary integrals and the quantities at some discrete points in the domain, the boundary element method can be used as the effective computational tool.Also, the recent development of the fast-multipole boundary element method enables a large-scale shape optimization analysis of complicated structures.The validity of the derived formulation is tested through some numerical example problems.
Fundamental characteristics of material removal and surface formation in diamond turning of porous carbon

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Porous carbon is an important material for manufacturing ultraprecision air bearings.This paper investigates the material removal mechanism and surface quality of porous carbon in diamond turning process.A total of 32 diamond turning tests were performed and the effects of feed rate, depth of cut, cutting speed, and tool rake angle were investigated.Scanning electron microscopy of the machined surface showed that three types of material removal mechanisms occurred in the diamond turning process, which was influenced by experimental conditions.Analysis of variance of experimental data demonstrated that feed rate had the most dominant effect on surface roughness, followed by depth of cut, whereas cutting speed has little effect.Tool rake angle effects material removal behaviour in a different way from that of diamond turning of other brittle materials, showing that a negative rake angle is disadvantageous.The results also indicated that by controlling the machining conditions, surface roughness, core roughness and the bearing area curve of the machined surface were controllable, and there was a 25% decrease in the percentage of porosity after machining.It was demonstrated that diamond turning can be used as an efficient method to fabricate high-precision surfaces on porous carbon for air bearing applications.
Epitaph in appleby church-yard, Leicestershire

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Epitaph in appleby church-yard, Leicestershire Get access J. G. L. J. G. L. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s1-VIII, Issue 200, 27 August 1853, Page 196, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s1-VIII.200.196a Published: 27 August 1853
Professional development for teacher leaders: using activity theory to understand the complexities of sustainable change

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article presents findings from a two-year, qualitative study of K-12 teacher Fellows involved in a grant-funded professional development program. Aiming to foster sustainable change in districts and support emergent teacher leadership, the program enabled Fellows to collaboratively reflect on practice and develop as teacher leaders who lead informally from the classroom. Using activity theory as an analytical lens, the following main themes emerged in the data: (1) Teacher leaders have complex definitions of teacher leadership that parallel teaching beliefs; (2) Teacher leaders need strong communication skills to collaborate within different contexts; (3) Teacher leaders benefit from work on vertical articulation; and (4) School culture and administrative support influences teacher leadership. We explore the implications for professional development programs in districts, and in particular, those that address the need to cultivate teacher leadership.
Evolution of Microsporogenesis in Angiosperms

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Microsporogenesis is highly labile in early‐branching angiosperms, i.e., those with mostly sulcate pollen, compared with the tricolpate and tricolpate‐derived eudicots. New records of microsporogenesis in basal angiosperms (19 taxa were examined), together with a review of the literature, demonstrate that the existing typology has been too strictly applied; several basal angiosperms have apparently intermediate forms and therefore do not fit easily into simultaneous or successive categories. Intermediate forms include the "modified simultaneous" type, where ephemeral cell plates are formed after the first meiotic division but then disperse, and simultaneous cleavage follows the second meiotic division. This relative diversity reflects a range of variation in number and position of pollen apertures in basal angiosperms, although both monosulcate and inaperturate pollen may occur in conjunction with either simultaneous or successive microsporogenesis. However, many taxa with inaperturate pollen have successive microsporogenesis, whereas many monosulcate taxa have the simultaneous type (although successive and monosulcate is common in monocotyledons). The predominance of simultaneous microsporogenesis in extant basal angiosperms and in land plants in general (including gymnosperms) indicates that simultaneous microsporogenesis is plesiomorphic in angiosperms, despite the occurrence of the successive type in the putative first‐branching extant angiosperm, Amborella. This conclusion contradicts earlier views on the evolutionary polarity of this character.
A Study of Combustion Characteristics of Two Gasoline–Biodiesel Mixtures on RCEM Using Various Fuel Injection Pressures

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Experimental research was conducted on a rapid compression and expansion machine (RCEM) that has characteristics similar to a gasoline compression ignition (GCI) engine, using two gasoline–biodiesel (GB) blends—10% and 20% volume—with fuel injection pressures varying from 800 to 1400 bar. Biodiesel content lower than GB10 will result in misfires at fuel injection pressures of 800 bar and 1000 bar due to long ignition delays; this is why GB10 was the lowest biodiesel blend used in this experiment. The engine compression ratio was set at 16, with 1000 µs of injection duration and 12.5 degree before top dead center (BTDC). The results show that the GB20 had a shorter ignition delay than the GB10, and that increasing the injection pressure expedited the autoignition. The rate of heat release for both fuel mixes increased with increasing fuel injection pressure, although there was a degradation of heat release rate for the GB20 at the 1400-bar fuel injection rate due to retarded in-cylinder peak pressure at 0.24 degree BTDC. As the ignition delay decreased, the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) decreased and the fuel consumption increased due to the lack of air–fuel mixture homogeneity caused by the short ignition delay. At the fuel injection rate of 800 bar, the GB10 showed the worst efficiency due to the late start of combustion at 3.5 degree after top dead center (ATDC).
Specification for Low Velocity Projectile Marker

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This specification covers low velocity projectile (LVP) markers that eject a low velocity resilient material (LVRM) projectile using compressed air, compressed gas, or a combination of both. Included in this specification are performance requirements and test methods for LVP markers as well as the minimum warnings and instructions that need to be provided in literature, on labels, on packaging, and on the marker itself. The LVP markers shall be manufactured to operate only in semi-automatic or pump mode and with exposed edges that shall be smooth and free of sharp edges and burrs. LVP markers shall be provided with a disabling device which shall keep it from firing and with a provision against accidental discharge. The markers shall undergo tests for disabling device, accidental discharge, barrel blocking device, and impact, and shall conform to the requirements specified.
Imageological Diagnosis of Giant Cell Tumors of Bone

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To investigate imageological features of giant cell tumrs of bone. Materialsand methods:Imageological feaures of 50 cases of various cell tumors have been analyzed. beults: Basicunageological fhatures of giant cell tuors are eccentic swelling of bone extremities and detriction ofbone. thin and eintire cortex of bone, tenuous and reticular bone crest and no periosteal reaction, forostcolysiccases. discontinuous cota of bone, decrease or dosappearance of bone erest and blurred tumor margins, andfor maligtiant cases, vermiform or ethmoid desmiction of bone at the side of diaphysis and existence ofperioteal triangle and fast-growing soft tissue phmpa.Concltision: There are defutite characteristic features of giant cell tumor X-ray manifestations. Theinternal structure of giant cell tumors can be detected by CT. Soft tissue diaphysis protruding into the pelvicand abdoninal cavities can be seen with lumbosacral giant cell tumors.
Australian Social Policy and the Genesis of the Twenty-Five Year Old Adolescent

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

We are very confused in Australia about the point of entry to adulthood, with different age ranges for different government programs existing side-by-side. Under the Federal Labor Government's Youth Homeless allowance, it was possible for children as young as 13 years to live independently with only minimal supervision from State Welfare departments. In 1989 The Burdekin Inquiry into youth homelessness together with a series of well publicised failures by child welfare authorities was partly responsible for a new protocol by the Federal-State Council of Social Welfare Ministers which increased the level of supervision of young ‘independent’; children, and thereby appeared to raise the threshold age for adulthood. The most important mechanism for the transition to independence and to adulthood is work and the level of youth unemployment (triple the national average between 15–19 years) is also extending dependency and thus, childhood. The trend towards the extension of childhood dependency received formal sanction through the Coalition Government's Youth Allowance which now makes it possible for a child to remain dependent on his or her parents until age 25 years.
Book Review: GIs and Germans: Culture, Gender and Foreign Relations, 1945-1949

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Book Review: GIs and Germans: Culture, Gender and Foreign Relations, 1945–1949 Get access Rebecca Boehling Rebecca Boehling University of Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar German History, Volume 23, Issue 2, April 2005, Pages 284–285, https://doi.org/10.1177/026635540502300221 Published: 01 April 2005
The Protective Effect of Lacidipine on Myocardial Remodeling Is Mediated by the Suppression in Expression of GPR78 and CHOP in Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Lacidipine (LAC) is now widely used for the treatment of hypertension and further can prevent cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. In this study, we examined the protective effects of LAC on cardiac remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and investigated the possible mechanism. Four weeks after administration of the designated drugs, blood pressure, left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and rterial pressure (MAP) were measured. The endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) parameters such as GRP78 and CHOP expressions in cardiomyocytes were also detected by immunohistochemistry. Results showed that the MAP in 0.36 and 0.72 mg/kg LAC groups was markedly lowered compared with that of the SHR control group (P<0.01orP<0.05). Moreover, 0.72 mg/kg LAC could also significantly decrease the LVMI (P<0.05). Simultaneously, the results of immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the expression of GRP78 and CHOP was significantly decreased by 0.72 mg/kg LAC (P<0.05), respectively. Our present study suggested that LAC could lower blood pressure and could prevent left ventricular hypertrophy accompanied by inhibiting expression of GRP78 and CHOP in ERS.
Patient, family, and provider complex care situations in pediatric acute medical care: Creation of the Red Flags Situation Assessment Tool

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose To develop and test a questionnaire to identify situations among patients, families, and providers that lead to complex pediatric medical care in a tertiary hospital setting. Design A mixed methods approach was used. Qualitative content analysis of hospital documents was conducted to develop questionnaire items. Psychometric analyses were used to measure reliability, and factor analysis was used to reduce instrument length. Results A 54‐item questionnaire with 11 categories was distributed to 205 nurses and medical staff. Psychometric analysis of responses identified a final refined tool with 31 items comprised of six factors. Practice Implications The R ed F lags S ituation A ssessment T ool can be used to identify complex care situations and address them earlier in a hospital course to avoid challenges to providing patient‐ and family‐centered care.
Putting Transnationalism to Work

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research Article| September 01 2006 Putting Transnationalism to Work: AN INTERVIEW WITH FILMMAKER ALEX RIVERA Carlos Ulises Decena; Carlos Ulises Decena Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Margaret Gray Margaret Gray Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Social Text (2006) 24 (3 (88)): 131–138. https://doi.org/10.1215/01642472-2006-008 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Carlos Ulises Decena, Margaret Gray; Putting Transnationalism to Work: AN INTERVIEW WITH FILMMAKER ALEX RIVERA. Social Text 1 September 2006; 24 (3 (88)): 131–138. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/01642472-2006-008 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsSocial Text Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Duke University Press2006 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Articles You do not currently have access to this content.
Treating Binge Eating, Bulimia Nervosa, and Eating Disorders in the Context of Obesity in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Eating disorders and obesity are associated with marked impairment and reduced quality of life. Effective interventions have been identified and developed for youth and young adults. In this chapter, evidence-based treatment studies for bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and obesity are reviewed, and implications of the findings for treating children, adolescents, and young adults are discussed. A socioecological intervention using a contextual learning approach is described as optimal for promoting sustainable changes in eating-related attitudes and weight-related behaviors.
Disparities in Insurance Type among Minorities for Congestive Heart Failure Diagnosis in the Ambulatory Care Setting

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Lack of access to healthcare, health insurance and health providers and access to quality healthcare is strongly related to socioeconomic inequalities. These inequities are thought to reflect social and economic disparities more than biological differences associated with the race of the individuals. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the associations between ethnicity/race and method of payment with the diagnosis of new onset heart failure in the ambulatory care setting. Health care disparities have been well documented to exist in various demographics and socioeconomic statuses. Specifically, there are differences in access to and quality of healthcare between ethnic and racial groups; and additionally, the quantity and quality of care that a patient receives is dependent on the patients’ insurance status. Methods: Data sets for this study were retrieved from the 2010 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC’s] National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) - as this is the most recent data available for analysis. The IBM SPSS Version 20.0 statistical software was used to conduct the analysis of the data. Cross-tabulation of the dependent and independent variables was completed to examine the prevalence of CHF diagnosis by insurance type and ethnicity/race. Correlation tests were run to determine if any significant correlations between the variable existed in the target population. Lastly, Chi-Square tests were analyzed on the independent variable to determine if there was a statistically significant association with the dependent variable. Result: The results supported past research which found that racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities exist in health care. The data demonstrates the number of respondents’ self-identified ethnicity/race cross referenced with the corresponding method of payment. In addition, the number of respondents’ self-identified ethnicity/race was cross referenced with the number of new diagnosis of CHF. Conclusion: Disparities in the diagnosis of CHF are significantly associated with ethnicity, race, and insurance status. The results demonstrate that substantial differences exist between ethnicities and race in the diagnosis of CHF. Further, substantial differences were discovered in the diagnosis of CHF between the privately insured, publically insured, and the uninsured.