jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mixed system $Cs_3Cu_3Cl_{8-x}Br_xOH$ with weakly connected Cu-triangles

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

To study the relationship between the properties of low-dimensional spin systems with weakly coupled Cu-triangles and their crystal structure, single crystals of $Cs_3Cu_3Cl_8OH$ (1) and the new $Cs_3Cu_3Cl_{7.6}Br_{0.4}OH$ (2) were grown. Both compounds are isostructural and crystallize in a monoclinic structure with space group $P2_1/c$. The magnetic susceptibility of (1) shows a maximum at $2.23 K$ and of (2) at $2.70 K$, which are attributed to antiferromagnetic phase transitions. Furthermore, the magnetization along the $b$-axis at $1.9 K$ for both compounds shows a spin-flop transition into a new antiferromagnetic phase. This transition occurs at $0.61 T$ for (1) and at $2.0 T$ for (2). The antiferromagnetic order can be suppressed by a magnetic field $B_{C1}= 1.1 T$ for (1) and $B_{C2}= 1.2 T$ for (2). First single crystal neutron diffraction measured on (1) at different temperatures reveals the magnetic signal on the top of the nuclear reflection at (-1 0 0). Its magnetic ordering temperature was found to be at $T_{N1}= 2.12(3) K$.
Exploiting GenAI for Plan Generation in BDI Agents

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Extending BDI agents with the ability to autonomously generate plans has long been a goal in the field of cognitive agent engineering to enhance their adaptability. Recent advances in GenAI are now opening new possibilities for plan generation, by leveraging the natural-language understanding, mean-end reasoning, and abstraction capabilities of LLMs. In this paper, we investigate the integration of GenAI-based plan generation into AgentSpeak(L) agents, and we analyse the implications of transferring knowledge between the LLM and the BDI agent, for the sake of dynamic plan generation. We propose a coherent framework where AgentSpeak(L) is extended with plan generation, and we model the boundaries of the generative process. We prototype our framework via the JaKtA BDI agent technology, and we methodologically assess the quality of the plans generated by LLMs of different sorts.
Practice Libraries: managing printed information and meeting theinformation needs of staff in general practice

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Librarians and GPs share an interest in exploring differentapproaches to providing information to general practice and improving information managementwithin it. Describing the aims, policy, collections, enquiries and services of three Practice Librariesin the Aylesbury area, this paper demonstrates that an information professional can make asignificant impact on the management of printed information whilst facilitating access to externalsources. A wealth of opportunities lie ahead for those willing to apply information handling skillsto general practice. Medical librarians will need to strike a careful balance between providingdirect access to sources and the development of information services tailored to meet the needs ofprimary health care workers.
Quality Characteristics of Potato and Sweet Potato Peeled by Different Methods

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was carried out to obtain fundamental data such as peeling efficiency and quality of potatoes and sweet potatoes peeled by hand, machine and alkali(NaOH). The weight loss by peeling was influenced by peeling methods. Weight losses by rotational brushing-type peeler showed the lowest value, 7.9% in potato, and 7.3% in sweet potato. Any significant differences in moisture content were not found in potatoes and sweet potatoes by peeling methods. The pH of potatoes and sweet potatoes just after peeling were 5.8-6.8 and 6.23-6.63, and decreased somewhat until 3 hrs after peeling. Hardness of potatoes and sweet potatoes peeled by hand with fruit knife were better than that of others. Depending upon the peeling method used the color and color differences undergo some changes in their color and browning. Color difference value of peeled potatoes by hand with a technical tools, and by mechanical peeler such as rotational cutting-type peeler and rotational brushing-type peeler showed just slightly. In particular, changes of rotor differences value of potatoes and sweet potatoes peeled by dipping with 10% NaOH solution at was the highest in the samples peeled by NaOH.
Renewal of Peripheral CD8+ Memory T Cells During Secondary Viral Infection of Antibody-Sufficient Mice

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Kinetic studies and short pulses of injected 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine have been used to analyze the development and renewal of peripheral CD8+ memory T cells in the lungs during primary and secondary respiratory virus infections. We show that developing peripheral CD8+ memory T cells proliferate during acute viral infection with kinetics that are indistinguishable from those of lymphoid CD8+ memory T cells. Secondary exposure to the same virus induces a new round of T cell proliferation and extensive renewal of the peripheral and lymphoid CD8+ memory T cell pools in both B cell-deficient mice and mice with immune Abs. In mice with virus-specific Abs, CD8+ T cell proliferation takes place with minimal inflammation or effector cell recruitment to the lungs. The delayed arrival of CD8+ memory T cells to the lungs of these animals suggests that developing memory cells do not require the same inflammatory signals as effector cells to reach the lung airways. These studies provide important new insight into mechanisms that control the maintenance and renewal of peripheral memory T cell populations during natural infections.
Coexistence of Weyl fermion and massless triply degenerate nodal points

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

By using first-principles calculations, we propose that WC-type ZrTe is a new\ntype of topological semimetal (TSM). It has six pairs of chiral Weyl nodes in\nits first Brillouin zone, but it is distinguished from other existing TSMs by\nhaving additional two paris of massless fermions with triply degenerate nodal\npoints as proposed in the isostructural compounds TaN and NbN. The mirror\nsymmetry, three-fold rotational symmetry and time-reversal symmetry require all\nof the Weyl nodes to have the same velocity vectors and locate at the same\nenergy level. The Fermi arcs on different surfaces are shown, which may be\nmeasured by future experiments. It demonstrates that the "material universe"\ncan support more intriguing particles simultaneously.\n
Ab initiocalculations on complex rare earth transition metal borides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The semiconductive compounds AsSJ and GeAsS have unsufficiently studied because of their complicated crystallographic and electron structures.For these compounds we have obtained X-ray, K-and L 2,3 -emission and K-absorption spectra of sulfur.We performed ab initio calculations using FEFF8 code [1] of electron structure for these compounds of supposed various model crystallographic structures and their X-Ray spectra of S. The most appropriate crystallographic structures were found by comparison of the calculated curves with experiment.
A phenomenological model of the current filamentation instability driven by cathode processes in the Livermore spheromak

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The current density on the open field lines of the Livermore spheromak (SSPX) typically exceeds the saturation current density of the bulk plasma. We assume that the mechanism that provides conditions for that is associated with the formation of a thin layer near the cathode surface, where both the plasma and the neutral density are higher than in the bulk plasma and where intense ionization occurs. The ions formed in this layer fall back onto the cathode, whereas electrons contribute to the high current density in the bulk plasma. The particle balance in the ionizing layer is determined by the recycling coefficient, which, in turn, depends on the cathode temperature and the sheath voltage. As it turns out, these dependences give rise to an instability that leads to the current filamentation and the formation of hot spots on the cathode surface. The instability can be characterized in a phenomenological manner without going into the details of the structure of the ionizing layer, whose effect on the instability shows up in the form of a couple of numerical coefficients of the order of one. We predict the characteristic size and the shape of the filaments (and the hot spots), which are in a general agreement with discoloration patterns on the surface of the cathode in the SSPX. If the magnetic field is tilted to the surface, the footpoints of the filaments move with a significant velocity, whose direction depends on the ratio of the ion gyroradius and the thickness of the ionizing layer. This instability, although primarily considered in conjunction with the SSPX experiment, may play a role in spherical tokamaks and other systems with coaxial helicity injection.
Author reply to recent improvement in the survival of patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer enrolled in phase III trials of first‐line, systemic chemotherapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In comparing survival among 3 treatment periods (1982–1988, 1989–1995, and 1996–2002) in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer enrolled in phase 3 trials of first-line systemic chemotherapy, as Bearz and colleagues suggested, we noticed the potential interference of the heterogeneity of trial characteristics, with a large proportion of patients with poor performance status and with stage IV disease and a number of randomized patients across each trial.1 This is a critical issue in our analysis. To minimize such influence, we conducted a multivariate analysis for survival, adjusting for these confounding factors that could affect patient survival. It is of note that after adjusting these factors, the year of trial initiation still influenced patient survival significantly (P < .0001 for median survival time and P < .0130 for time to progression). Therefore, we can say that our findings support the common feeling pointed out by Bearz et al. that the overall survival in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer slightly improved. The potential influence of second-line chemotherapy is also an important point in assessing the effect of first-line chemotherapy, and such salvage therapy may contribute to recent survival improvement, as Bearz et al. commented. However, its effect on survival was significant but, indeed, quite modest.2 Furthermore, in our study, the survival prolongation was observed regarding median time to progression after the initiation of first-line chemotherapy, considered not to be affected by effects of the second-line treatment. Finally, we now truly realize that such survival improvement over the years is quite modest, with only a few days increase per year, and we are far from satisfied with this modest survival improvement. Throughout our reporting, we did not intend to stress only significance of survival improvement with passage of time. Rather, we emphasized quite limited survival-time improvement in the article, and we concluded, and still consider, that novel targets and new agents are needed for future fights against advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer. Katsuyuki Hotta MD, PhD*, Yoshiro Fujiwara MD*, Keitaro Matsuo MD, MSc, PhD , * Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan, Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Aichi, Japan.
Superstorm Sandy and the academic achievement of university students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Much of the literature on the consequences of natural disasters has focused on their physical and psychological ramifications. Few researchers have considered how the impacts of a natural disaster can influence academic achievement. This study analyses data collected from nearly 300 students at a mid‐sized, private university in the northeast United States to determine if the effects of Cyclone Sandy in 2012 are associated with measures of academic achievement. The findings reveal that experiencing headaches after the event resulted in a higher likelihood of students suffering a loss of academic motivation. In addition, experiencing headaches and a loss of academic motivation were correlated with a lower grade point average (GPA) during the semester in which Sandy made landfall. However, the more direct effects of the superstorm, including displacement and a loss of power, did not have a significant bearing on academic achievement. Lastly, the paper examines the implications for higher education policy and future research.
Progression of O 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase and temozolomide resistance in cancer research

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Temozolomide (TMZ) is an alkylating agent that is widely used in chemotherapy for cancer. A key mechanism of resistance to TMZ is the overexpression of O 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). MGMT specifically repairs the DNA O 6 -methylation damage induced by TMZ and irreversibly inactivates TMZ. Regulation of MGMT expression and research regarding the mechanism of TMZ resistance will help rationalize the clinical use of TMZ. In this review, we provide an over- view of recent advances in the field, with particular emphasis on MGMT structure, function, expression regu- lation, and the association between MGMT and resistance to TMZ.
Development of Bi-Directional Boost-Zeta Converter for Battery Storage Based Grid Tied EV Traction System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Electric vehicles (EVs) rely heavily on efficient power conversion systems to manage energy between the battery and the motor. Therefore, this paper proposes an evaluation of a high gain bidirectional DC-DC converter integrated with a DC drive system, featuring regenerative braking capability for EV applications. Proposed System includes a high gain bidirectional converter based on a Zeta Boost topology, enabling effective power flow between the battery, DC drive, and grid. During motoring mode, energy from the battery is directed to the load (DC drive) through the converter, ensuring sufficient propulsion power. In regenerative braking mode, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is recovered and converted back to electrical energy, which is then stored in the battery, enhancing overall system efficiency. A single phase voltage source inverter (VSI), driven by DSP based PWM signals and isolated via driver circuits, enables bidirectional power transfer to and from grid. Controllers maintain constant DC link voltage, regulating drive current, and managing power balance. The LC filter at the inverter output ensures smooth grid interfacing by reducing harmonics. This integrated system not only improves energy recovery during braking but also provides stable operation under varying load conditions, contributing to enhanced energy management and drive performance. This novel approach is implemented by using MATLAB/Simulink and attains enhanced converter efficiency of 98.28% and voltage gain of 15.4%, respectively.
Analysis of Metallogenic Conditions of Geothermal Resources in Heiyu Lake of Daqing

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Heiyu Lake zone of Daqing is located in the southwest hollow borderland of Heiyu Lake and on the arching transitional zone of Daqing placanticline. Based on the geological background of Heiyu Lake, this paper analyzes the landform, the regional geological structure, the formation lithology and the irruptive rock and other metallogenic conditions in detail. The indispensable geological conditions for forming geothermal field in layers were summed up. Combining with the development characteristics and geophysical data of formation, the bore hole site of geothermal well and target stratum were ascertained. The four major elements of forming geothermal resources in this region were confirmed by carrying out geothermal drilling.
Enhancement of Carbon Nanotube Particle Distribution in PPS/PEEK/Carbon Nanotube Ternary Composites with Sausage-Like Structure

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Carbon nanomaterial particles were selectively distributed in an incompatible and high-melting-temperature polymer blend interface, or in a particular phase, to obtain conductive composites. The composite products revealed poor morphology stability and mechanical performance due to processing several times. Poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) and poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) polymers with large differences of processing temperatures were selected as blend components to obtain a compatible blend. PPS/PEEK/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) ternary nanocomposites were prepared using a controlled melt blending process. The composite samples with similar sausage-like structures of PEEK, as a dispersed phase, promote MWCNT to maximize concentration distribution in the PPS continuous phase. As a result, the theoretical percolation threshold of the composite reduced to 0.347 wt %. Moreover, the conductivity of the composite remained stable even after processing several times. CNTs revealed a particular effect when distributed selectively in this kind of system: it can enhance the dispersion of phases and also provide conductivity to the blend at small CNT contents, which can provide more useful ideas for the development of high-melting-temperature and antistatic or conductive plastic materials.
Measuring the Performance of Information System Governance using Framework COBIT 2019

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Housing and Settlement Area Office of the City of Salatiga is a government agency located in the City of Salatiga which is tasked with assisting the mayor in carrying out government affairs which are the regional authority in the housing and settlement areas.The agency's mission is to improve the quality of clean water, sanitation, and urban housing services.From this mission, it can be assessed that the agency must apply information technology to improve the quality of services to the community, namely by having a system that can facilitate the management of community administrative permits in the housing and settlement sector, namely SIPERUMKIM.This research is supported by the absence of a governance assessment at this agency.This research uses the 2019 COBIT framework.The analysis at this department uses 11 design factors using the toolkit from COBIT 2019.The results of this study are in the form of a corporate information technology governance design and find out important process recommendations for the Housing and Settlement Office.Among the recommendations of the process are APO09, APO12, APO13, DSS02, and DSS03.
CIVIL ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF WARTIME RECONNAISSANCE AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND RELATED MATERIAL

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract During both the First and Second World Wars, much effort was put into obtaining and interpreting aerial photographs for military reconnaissance purposes. Initially this material was classified; however, with the passing of time, much has now been declassified and is accessible to the general public. There is a large variety of information which can be of use to a number of disciplines. This material includes photographic prints, interpretation manuals, interpretation reports, plans of targets, and technical details of cameras, lenses and mountings. The use of this material will be demonstrated with examples from the United Kingdom, France and Italy, primarily for civil engineering site studies. The varied sources of this material will be discussed. Résumé Au cours de la première et de la seconde Guerre Mondiale, on a déployé beaucoup ď efforts dans le receuil et ľ interprétation de photographies aériennes à des fins de reconnaissance militaire. Au début on classifia ces documents; mais maintenant, le temps ètant écoulé, on en a déclassifié une grande partie pour la rendre accessible au grand public. On peut ainsi y trouver toutes sortes ď informations qui peuvent être utiles à de nombreuses disciplines. Ces documents comprennent des tirages photographiques, des manuels ď interprétation, des rapports ď interprétation, des plans ď objectifs (militaires), et des détails techniques sur les chambres photographiques, leurs objectifs et leurs montures. Ľ intérêt du recours à ces documents est illustré par des examples provenant du Royaume‐Uni, de France et ďItalie, essentiellement dans le domaine du génie civil pour des études de sites. On examine également les diverses origines de ces documents. Zusammenfassung Während des 1. und 2. Weltkrieges wurde vielAufwand zur Gewinnung und Interpretation von Luftbildern für militärische Erkundungszwecke geleistet. Anfänglich wurde dieses Material unter Verschluβ gehalten, im Laufe der Zeitjedoch wurde vielesfreigegeben und ist nun der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich. Es gibt eine Vielzahl von Informationen, die für eine Anzahl von Disziplinen von Nutzen sein kann. Das Material umfaβt Fotokopien, Interpretationsmanuale, Interpretationsberichte, Pläne von Zielen und technische Details über Kameras, Objektive und Aufhängungen. Die Nutzung dieses Materials wirdan Hand von Beispielen aus dem Vereinigten Königreich, aus Frankreich und aus Italien gezeigt, und zwar vor allem für Analysen von Baustellen. Die vielfältigen Quellen für dieses Material werden diskutiert.
Tetramer formation by Vps74p is required for proper localization of Golgi glycosylation enzymes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The yeast protein, Vps74p, belongs to a family of Golgi‐associated cytosolic proteins, which are highly conserved throughout fungi and animals. We have found that Vps74p functions to maintain the steady state distribution of Golgi mannosyltransferases, and is thereby required for proper protein glycosylation in yeast. We have determined the X‐ray crystal structure of Vps74p, and observe a tetramer, the subunits of which adopt a novel alpha helical fold. Equilibrium between monomer and tetramer is observed in solution, and deletion of a key structural feature abolishes both tetramer formation and Vps74p function. We report details of the formation and regulation of tetramer formation in solution. Furthermore, we describe structural and functional similarities between Vps74p and its mammalian homolog. This research is supported by a Career Award in the Biomedical Sciences from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund and by a US Army Breast Cancer Research Program Predoctoral Fellowship (BC051591). K.M.F is the Dennis and Marsha Dammerman Scholar of the Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation.
The Second Minimal Skew Energy of Oriented Bicyclic Digraphs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The energy of a graph has closed links to chemistry, since an important quantum-chemical characteristic of a conjugated molecule is its total π-electron energy. In this paper, we compared the characteristic polynomial coefficients of oriented bicyclic graphs and gave the skew energy’s partial relation of oriented bicyclic graphs, and thus we got the second minimal skew energy of oriented bicyclic graphs.
J. A. Ward, American Silences: The Realism of James Agee, Walker Evans, and Edward Hopper (Baton Rouge and London: Louisiana State University Press, 1985, $20.00). Pp. xx, 210. ISBN 0 8071 1179 1.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

J. A. Ward, American Silences: The Realism of James Agee, Walker Evans, and Edward Hopper (Baton Rouge and London: Louisiana State University Press, 1985, $20.00). Pp. xx, 210. ISBN 0 8071 1179 1. - Volume 20 Issue 3