jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Toxicologyical and physiological activity of plant extracts against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The hexane, petroleum ether and ethyl alcohol extracts of three species of weed plants were tested for insecticidal toxicity and antifeedant activity in fourth instar larvae of Egyptian cottonworm (Spodoptera littoralis). All extracts showed a certain degree of larval toxicity. The hexan extracts of Sonchus olearcues L., the petroleum ether extracts of Brassica niger Koch., and the ethyl alcohol extract of Raphanus sativa var. surtus L., were highly toxic (LC50s = 218.36, 96.11 and 5574.66 ppm respectivily). The antifeeding activity of crude extracts of selected weed plants, petroleum ether and hexane extracts of B. niger were chosen based on their high insecticidal activity to be tested for antifeeding activity. The antifeeding activity of crude extracts hexane more effect than petroleum ether extracts of B. niger. The extracts significantly affected the growth indexes [consumption index (C.I.), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) and efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD)]. But the extracts not affected niether on growth rate (GR) nor on approximate digestibility (A.D).
[Paradigm Shift in Ovarian Tumor Pathology from the View of Genomic Abnormalities].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A decade of accumulated evidence has led to significant progress and a paradigm shift in ovarian tumor pathology. Now, ovarian carcinoma is widely recognized as a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with regard to histogenesis and underlying molecular mechanisms. Ovarian carcinoma is, therefore, divided into 2 clinicopathologic groups: type 1 and type 2 tumors. Type 1 tumors arise in association with benign neoplastic conditions (adenoma-carcinoma sequence). They include endometriosis-related ovarian neoplasias, such as clear cell carcinoma and low-grade endometrioid carcinoma, which are derived from atypical endometriosis or adenofibroma, as well as mucinous carcinoma and low-grade serous carcinoma, which are commonly associated with mucinous and serous borderline tumors, respectively. In contrast, type 2 tumors, which arise de novo directly from the normal epithelium, include high-grade serous and endometrioid carcinoma, carcinosarcoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma. Notably, the hypothesis that most high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma is not of ovarian origin and, rather, is associated with serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), which is mostly found on the fimbrial end of the fallopian tube in up to 70% of cases of high-grade serous carcinoma, is universally accepted. Understanding ovarian carcinoma molecular pathogenesis should aid in developing effective therapeutic strategies for these particular tumors.
Combining Usability Testing with In-Depth Interview for Online Credit Hour Website Evaluation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Online Credits Hour (KRS) application is one of the existing systems at the University of Muhammadiyah Magelang where the academic community, including lecturers, students, and education staff, produces a large amount of student academic data. Evaluation is necessary to find out whether the system runs well. This study is an effort to evaluate the system employing a usability test consisting of five indicators, namely learning ability, memory, efficiency, errors, and satisfaction. The five indicators materialized in the form of questionnaires to online KRS users. The survey involved 118 respondents. The method of study includes validity and reliability tests. The validity test employs a correlation test. The reliability test uses a simple linear regression analysis test and the comparison uses the significance value Alpha equals 0.05. The validity test for all five indicators results in value above 0.05. The reliability test of all the answers in the questionnaire has a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.93, which suggests that the whole has correspondence. The evaluation results show that the KRS Online application has the highest value in the memorability indicator at 3.97, indicating that the KRS Online application is easily accessible with easy procedures to obtain data. The lowest value is on the error indicator at a level of 3, which means that the KRS Online website shows many errors, such as a broken link or poor navigation.
A Case of Nonclostridial Gas-Producing Soft Tissue Infection in a Neutropenic Leukemia Patient With Literature Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Gas-producing soft tissue infections have been historically attributed to clostridial species; however, organisms in both the Enterobacteriaceae family as well as certain Gram-positive organisms have also been identified as causative organisms. Soft tissue infections are known to progress with an aggressive course, one that often necessitates urgent surgical debridement, amputation, and a prolonged course of antibiotics. If treatment measures are delayed, the clinical course can progress rapidly leading to life-threatening situations. Patients with significant medical comorbidities, such as those with cancer and its associated immunosuppression due to neutropenia and chemotherapy, are at the highest risk for these life-threatening complications. Here we present a case of a 26-year-old patient with relapsed acute lymphocytic leukemia complicated by neutropenia and a right upper extremity gas-forming infection due to Escherichia coli and discuss the gas-producing soft tissue infections other than Clostridia .
Shoreline Extraction from 2-D and 3-D LiDAR Images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for extraction of shoreline in 2-D intensity and 3-D LiDAR images obtained during the same or different time periods. The method involves computing coarse registration of the images , and subsequent refinement of extracted shoreline using homography information. The proposed approach outperforms the limitations of current shoreline extraction algorithms in literature
Painful Traumatic Neuromas in Subcutaneous Fat: Visibility and Morphologic Features With Ultrasound

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives Subcutaneous neuromas usually result from trauma and may lead to dissatisfaction in patients with a trigger point, loss of sensitivity in the relevant territory of innervation, and spontaneous neuropathic pain. Confirming clinically suspected cases of neuroma may prove difficult. The objective of this study was to evaluate the visibility and morphologic features of traumatic subcutaneous neuromas of the limbs with ultrasound (US). Methods Between January 2012 and August 2016, 38 consecutive patients clinically suspected of having subcutaneous neuromas were investigated with US. The diagnosis was confirmed on the basis of a focal morphologic abnormality of the nerve associated with trigger pain. Each neuroma was classified into 1 of 3 subtypes based on its injury pattern. The subtypes were terminal neuroma, spindle neuroma, and scar encasement, either isolated or associated with these subtypes. Results Forty‐four lesions were found in the 38 patients, including 29 spindle neuromas (65.9%), 14 terminal neuromas (31.8%) and 1 scar encasement with no nerve caliber abnormality (2.3%). Fifteen neuromas (35% of all neuromas) were associated with scar encasement. In 13 cases that required surgery, the diagnosis of neuroma or scar encasement could be surgically proven and confirmed the validity of the US findings. Conclusions Ultrasound can be used to show and classify subcutaneous nerves of the upper and lower limbs with high accuracy. The US trigger sign provides an indication of neuroma involvement in pain. This modality can play a substantial role both in the preoperative planning of neuroma surgery and in therapeutic US‐guided procedures.
Coordinating a three level supply chain with multiple retailers

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The objective of this research is to highlight the factors that can optimize the total cost of a centralized supply chain through coordination of order quantities amongst the players in a supply chain. Survey of earlier research reveals that players in a supply chain usually have conflicting interests, such as reducing inventories and increasing profitability. Thus, to make coordination feasible, it is essential to provide proper incentives to individual players. Munson and Rosenblatt (2001) were the first to discuss coordination in a three level supply chain with a single player at each level. On the other hand, Viswanathan and Piplani (2001) are believed to be the first to consider cooordination in a two level supply chain with a single vendor and multiple retailers. This research extends upon these works by investigating coordination in a three level supply chain with multiple retailers. This is done by incorporating the model of Viswanathan and Piplani (2001) into that of Munson and Rosenblatt (2001). A new mathematical model is developed, with numerical examples presented and results discussed. When players in a supply chain agree to coordinate, it is possible to have some of the players benefiting more than others in the chain, if not losing. The mathematical model developed in this research work guarantees that the local costs for the players either remain the same as before coordination, or decrease as a result of coordination. Furthermore, this research work assumes that savings generated from coordination should be distributed among the players of the chain. This led to developing a scheme to fairly distribute savings amongst the players of the supply chain. Results indicate that even though players may have conflicting interests in the supply chain, coordination is recommended and should be pursued.
A Fast and Convenient Synthesis of New Water-Soluble, Polyanionic Dendrimers

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Reasonably simple, efficient, and possessing aspects of generality, the methodology for the synthesis of new, water-soluble, dendrimeric polyesters with great potential applications as antiviral drugs in their own right is described. The essential aspect of the presented approach is a quite unique, immediate access to the polyanionic material at each generation during divergent synthesis. Six target polyanionic dendrimers (generations 1, 2, and 3) have been synthesized. The key monomers applied in this project were 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid derivatives, which also worked as direct precursors of the charged dendrimer surface.
Family Location and Caregiving Patterns from an International Perspective

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We conduct a cross‐national econometric analysis of intra‐family location and caregiving patterns. Using European data, we first assess, from an international perspective, the relationship between family structure and the geographic proximity between adult children and their parents. We then examine whether differences in family structure are related to the amount of informal care adult children provide to their elderly parents. Lastly, we look for cross‐country differences in family location and caregiving patterns, and interpret observed differences in terms of heterogeneous institutional solutions to elderly care. Our results not only provide a new empirical perspective on the geography of the family, but also provide insights into how family‐related and institutional factors shape patterns of time transfers from adult children to elderly parents.
[Peripheral neuropathies disclosing sarcoidosis].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 54 year-old woman presented with an asymmetrical polyneuropathy, with in addition signs of hepatitis and hypercalcemia. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made by hepatic and neuromuscular biopsies. Electrophysiological studies showed an asymmetrical clear neurogenic involvement with an axonal pattern. Ultrastructural study of the nerve showed sarcoid granulomas in epineurium, perineurium and endoneurium, with images of Wallerian degeneration. No features of primary demyelination were found. Granulomas were also present in muscle and liver. Possible etiological mechanisms are discussed: compression of nerve or vessels, or immune angiitis.
Plasma viscosity, immunoglobulins and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality: new data and meta-analyses

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims Associations of plasma viscosity and plasma Ig levels (a determinant of viscosity) with incident coronary heart disease (CHD) events; and with CHD, cardiovascular disease (CVD: CHD and stroke) and all-cause mortalities. Methods Meta-analysis of plasma viscosity levels from the MONitoring of trends and determinants of CArdiovascular (MONICA)/Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg, MONICA Glasgow and Speedwell Studies; and five other published studies. Meta-analysis of IgA, IgG and IgM levels from the Augsburg, Glasgow and Speedwell studies; and one other published study. Results Over median follow-up periods of 14–26 years, there were 2270 CHD events, and 4220 all cause deaths in 28 605 participants with baseline plasma viscosity measurements. After adjustment for major risk factors, (HRs; 95% CIs) for a 1 SD increase in viscosity were 1.14 (1.09 to 1.20) for CHD events; and 1.21 (1.17 to 1.25) for all-cause mortality. 821 CHD events and 2085 all-cause deaths occurred in 8218 participants with baseline Ig levels. For CHD events, adjusted HRs for 1 SD increases in IgA, IgG and IgM were, respectively, 0.97 (0.89 to 1.05); 0.95(0.76 to 1.17) and 0.90 (0.79 to 1.03). Corresponding adjusted HRs for all-cause mortality were 1.08 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.13), 1.03 (95% CI 0.94 to 1.14) and 1.01 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.06). Conclusions After risk factor adjustment, plasma viscosity was significantly associated with risks of CHD events; and with CHD, CVD and all-cause mortalities. We found no significant association of IgA, IgG or IgM levels with incident CHD events or mortality, except for a borderline association of IgA with all-cause mortality.
The role of modification of lipoproteins and of the immune system in early atherogenesis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Not only the plasma cholesterol level, but also postsecretory modifications of lipoproteins appear to be of influence in atherogenesis. Evidence that several forms of modification, especially oxidation, occur in vivo is rapidly accumulating, although their clinical relevance remains uncertain. Modification of lipoproteins has been demonstrated in persons with such well-known risk factors of premature atherosclerosis as smoking, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia. Because there is a relation between the amount of natural antioxidants in the plasma and the risk of atherosclerosis, and because exogenous antioxidants appear to retard atherosclerosis without influencing the plasma cholesterol level, antioxidants may prove to be of use in the prevention of atherosclerosis. There are strong indications for a role of the immune system in atherogenesis. Modified lipoproteins are highly immunogenic and stimulate immunocompetent cells to secrete vasoactive factors and cytokines. From animal studies it appears that pro- and antioxidative conditions can modulate these processes. It is concluded that additional research on the relation between lipoprotein modification and the immune system, and on the possible beneficial effects of antioxidants in atherogenesis is warranted, not only to elucidate further the mechanism of atherosclerosis, but also to develop new approaches to the prevention of atherosclerosis.
ZUR NOMENKLATUR DER PALÄOZOISCHEN GATTUNG TRISTACHYA LILPOP 1937 (SPHENOPSIDA)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Summary The name Tristachya Lilpop 1937 for an Upper Paleozoic plant similar to Sphenophyllum is a younger homonym to Tristachya Nees von Esenbeck 1829, a living genus belonging to the Gramineae. The new name Lilpopia is proposed instead of the illegitimate name.
Bacteria-Induced Colloidal Encapsulation for Probiotic Oral Delivery

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Probiotic oral delivery has crucial implications in biomedical engineering, but its oral bioavailability remains unsatisfactory because of the limited survival and colonization of probiotics in the harsh gastrointestinal tract. Here, a bacteria-induced encapsulation strategy is achieved by assembling metastable colloids to enhance the oral bioavailability of probiotics. The colloids (NTc) composed of amino-modified poly-β-cyclodextrin and tannic acid are formed based on the balance of host-guest interaction-driven attraction and electrostatic repulsion between colloids. Negatively charged probiotics electrostatically attract positively charged NTc to break the balance and induce further assembly surrounding the probiotics. Through a facile one-step mixing, 97% of bacteria are rapidly encapsulated into NTc shells within 10 s, with a high utilization rate of feeding colloids of 91%. More importantly, we show that the compact, thick, and positively charged NTc shells synergistically endow the encapsulated probiotics with strong resistance against simulated gastric fluid with an excellent survival rate of up to 19%, 7500 times superior to the commercial enteric material L100. Moreover, owing to the dynamically noncovalent and self-adaptive nature of host-guest interactions, NTc shells support the proliferation of the encapsulated EcN comparable with that of the naked EcN. In vitro and in vivo experiments also confirm that the NTc-encapsulated probiotics possess durable intestinal adhesion, continuous proliferation activity, enhanced oral bioavailability, good oral biosafety, and excellent therapeutic efficacy in a colitis mouse model. This facile bacteria-induced colloidal encapsulation strategy may extend to various microbes as oral bioagents for treating various diseases.
Further Evidence for the Occurrence of Vitamin E in Soy Bean Oil

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Further Evidence for the Occurrence of Vitamin E in Soy Bean Oil Get access Umetaro Suzuki, Umetaro Suzuki Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Waro Nakahara, Waro Nakahara Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yoshikazu Sahashi Yoshikazu Sahashi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bulletin of the Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan, Volume 10, Issue 10-12, 1 January 1934, Pages 149–151, https://doi.org/10.1080/03758397.1934.10857094 Published: 01 January 1934
A single mutation within the V3 envelope neutralization domain of feline immunodeficiency virus determines its tropism for CRFK cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) isolates differ in the ability to replicate in Crandell feline kidney (CRFK) cells. The difference in tropism between two variants of the Dutch isolate FIV-UT113 was studied by using molecular clones which contained the envelope genes of the variants in a background of the FIV-14 Petaluma sequence. Virus produced from clone pPET-113Th replicated in thymocytes, whereas virus from pPET-113Cr propagated in both thymocytes and CRFK cells, thereby reflecting the phenotypes of the parental variants. Exchange of envelope gene fragments showed that a 464-bp surface protein (SU)-encoding fragment encompassing the third variable region (V3) determines CRFK cell tropism. Sequence analysis of the exchanged fragments demonstrated two amino acid changes that led to an increase of the overall charge of the V3 domain: a G-->R transition at position 397 and a E-->K change at position 407. Mutational analysis of these residues revealed that the E-->K shift was responsible for the change in tropism, while the G-->R mutation improved the replication kinetics in CRFK cells. Mapping of a tropism determinant for FIV to a region which is also a major neutralization domain is reminiscent of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, in which a similar colocation was found.
Prawnokarne skutki zapłaty za pomocą karty zbliżeniowej bez zgody osoby uprawnionej – glosa do wyroku Sądu Apelacyjnego we Wrocławiu z 22.03.2023 r., II AKa 180/22

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the judgment of the Court of Appeal in Wrocław of 22 March 2023, II AKa 180/22, it was stated that making a contactless payment for goods using a bank card cannot be classified as burglary, but rather as ordinary theft, which, depending on the value of the stolen funds, may be either a criminal offense or a petty offense. This conclusion is not accurate. The commentary presents arguments supporting the view that the described behaviour should be classified as burglary.
Specific marrow ablation before marrow transplantation using an aminophosphonic acid conjugate 166Ho-EDTMP

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract 166Holmium ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonic acid (166Ho-EDTMP) is a short-lived beta-emitting radionuclide complexed to an aminophosphonate ligand that we have investigated in a canine model as a potential agent for specific marrow ablation before marrow transplantation. After intravenous injections, 166Ho-EDTMP distributed principally to bone and after 24 hours the concentrations of 166Ho- EDTMP in bone were more than 200-fold higher than in any other organ. Increasing dosages of 166Ho-EDTMP led to increasingly prolonged and severe myelosuppression, but myeloablation was not achieved. Histologic examination of recovering animals suggested that the spleen may have acted as a reservoir for circulatory hematopoietic precursors. Four splenectomized animals administered 20 to 30 mCi/kg 166Ho-EDTMP without marrow transplantation died with marrow aplasia, while four splenectomized animals administered similar dosages of 166Ho-EDTMP followed by autologous transplantation recovered. The dose-limiting toxicity of 166Ho-EDTMP appeared to be marrow stromal damage resulting in myelofibrosis, which was reversible. These results suggest that 166Ho-EDTMP can be used to specifically ablate marrow function before marrow transplantation.
Effects of pethidine on the newborn.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Pyloric stenosis and sustained-release iron tablets SIR,-The case reported below gives an interesting and salutary warning about the possible effects of giving long-acting iron tablets to patients with a history of peptic ulceration or long-standing dyspepsia.The patient, an arthritic spinster of 74 who was known to live on a diet of cake and Maltesers, was started on treatment with Ferrogradumet C for a
Facilitating lifelong learning with OpenU

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Rubens, W., & Counotte, A. (2012). Facilitating lifelong learning with OpenU. \nIn R. Jacobi, & N. van der Woert (Eds.), Trendreport Open Educational Resources 2012 (pp. 22-26). Utrecht: SURF Foundation - Special Interest Group Open Educational Resources SURF.