jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility of Rous sarcoma virus-specific sequences integrated into SR-C3H/He mouse ascites sarcoma cell chromatin to DNase I and DNase II.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The susceptibility of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) genomes integrated in mouse ascites sarcoma cells (SR-C3H/He cells) to DNase I and DNase II was investigated. Approximately half of the viral sequences were sensitive to DNase I and DNase II when 17% and 7.4% of the chromatin DNA was rendered acid soluble, respectively. The results suggest that newly acquired exogenous proviral sequences are integrated into both transcriptionally active and inactive regions of chromatin in cells lacking related endogenous viral sequences.
Energy Dissipation Model for 4G and WLAN Networks in Smart Phones

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the modernization of the telecommunication standards, there has been considerable evolution of various technologies to assist cost effective communication. In this regard, the fourth generation communication services or commonly known as 4G mobile networks have penetrated almost every part of the world to offer faster and seamless data connectivity. However, such services come at the cost of energy drained from the smart phone supporting 4G services. This paper presents an algorithm that is capable of evaluating the actual amount of energy being dissipated while using next generation mobile networks. The study also performs a comparative analysis of energy dissipation of 4G networks with other wireless local area networks to understand the networks that cause more energy dissipation.
Immunological Studies in the Post-cardiatomy Syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

COELIAC DISEASE IN CHILDHOODEDICABLJOURNkL criteria, it is advised that the gluten-free diet should as a rule be maintained till after puberty, although temporary relaxation of the diet may be allowed to adolescents for personal and social reasons.I am grateful to my colleagues Dr. 0. H. Wolff and Dr. B. D. Bower, who have allowed me to include some of their patients in this report.Dr. J. M. French and the late Mr. Harold Salt were responsible for the estimates of fat, and Miss S. Littlejohn for the D-xylose excretion tests.
Sensitivity Analysis of Computations of the Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of Methane + Methanol or Glycols at Gas Hydrate Formation Conditions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK-EOS) and Peng-Robinson (PR-EOS) equations of state are used often to describe the behavior of pure substances and mixtures despite difficulties in handling substances, like water, with high polarity and hydrogen bonding. They were employed in studying the binary vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) of methane + methanol, monoethylene glycol (MEG), and triethylene glycol (TEG). These liquids are used to inhibit the formation of gas hydrates. The investigation focused on the conditions at which methane-water clathrates can form 283.89 K to 323.56 K and 5.01 MPa to 18.48 MPa. The pressure of methane in methanol is overestimated by a factor of two by either the SRK-EOS or the PR-EOS. In the methane + MEG system, the predicted pressures for both equations of state are generally less than experimental pressure except for the highest concentration of methane in MEG calculated by the SRK-EOS. In the methane + TEG system, the predictions of both models are close and trend similarly. Because of the comparative lack of extensive experimental methane + TEG data, the similarity of the methane + TEG computed results can be used as a basis for further study of this system experimentally.
The Community Funding Agency and the voluntary sector: Purchase of service contracting in Otago/Southland

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this article is to study the efficacy and deficiency of purchase of service contracting in helping the voluntary organisations in the Otago/Southland region in New Zealand and the Community Funding Agency (now defunct) achieve a set of specific objectives. The findings are based on the information collected from (a) the responses of 57 participating voluntary organisations to the questionnaire mailed to them, and (b) face‐to‐face, open‐ended interviews with 28 voluntary sector managers, the three outreach workers operating in the Otago/Southland area at the time of writing and eight people formerly associated with the Community Funding Agency at senior management level. The data obtained through field research are verified with prevailing literature–local as well as international.
Trampoline-related Injuries in Children: A Tertiary Pediatric Center Experience in Israel.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Trampoline injuries accounted for 1.05% of all emergency department admissions at a tertiary pediatric hospital in 2015-2018. Nearly half of the trampoline-related injuries were fractures. Large trampoline centers pose a potential risk for more serious injuries. We raise awareness of the risks of trampoline jumping, considering increasing popularity of trampoline parks, and encourage the authorities to implement safety regulations.
Predictors of outcomes in managing breast abscesses-A large retrospective single-center analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We have retrospectively examined a wide range of clinical characteristics, sonographic features, microbiology, and antibiotic regimens in patients with breast abscesses to seek predictive features related to outcome. Because consensus for optimal treatment of breast abscesses has moved toward minimally invasive management using single or repeated needle aspiration (ASP) coupled with adjuvant antibiotics, we assessed whether any factors correlate with the need for repeat procedures by analyzing the number of ASPs and/or surgical incision and drainage (I&D) per abscess. We examined 127 abscesses in 114 patients from a single urban public hospital, and among clinical characteristics, we found that only smoking history (P = .021) and the presence of nipple rings (P = .005) were associated with greater likelihood of necessitating repeat for abscess resolution procedures. Neither diabetes, lactational status, and HIV nor ultrasound features imaging of an abscess including size >3 cm, multiloculation, rind thickness, or central vs peripheral location were correlated with the need for a repeat procedure. Likewise, no specific micro-organisms predicted a greater likelihood of requiring repeat procedures, and no specific initial antibiotic regimen (gram-positive and/or gram-negative or multiresistance coverage) impacted clinical outcomes. Our data indicate that no specific imaging abscess characteristics, type of micro-organism, or initial choice of antibiotics affect outcomes, and therefore, these features should not preclude attempts at conventional therapy by repeated aspiration and antibiotic treatment. While a smoking history and presence of a nipple ring may increase the risk of a prolonged course, the decision to change antibiotics or repeat aspiration should rely instead on clinical evaluation and judgment by experienced physicians.
The microRNA-212/132 cluster regulates B cell development by setting a threshold for Sox4 expression

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract MicroRNAs play unique roles as logic elements in B cell differentiation by allowing for fine-tuning of differentiation checkpoints. We have found that the miR-212/132 cluster is induced in B cells in response to anti-IgM stimulation and that it can regulate B cell differentiation by establishing a threshold of Sox4 expression necessary for progression of progenitor B cells. Over-expression of miR-132 blocks the transition of pre-pro-B cells to pro-B cells, in part by inducing apoptosis in primary bone marrow B cells. The deletion of miR-212/132 results in increased B cell output under conditions of inflammatory stress. We validate Sox4 as a novel target of miR-132, and show that co-expression of Sox4 with miR-132 can rescue the phenotype observed with over-expression of miR-132 alone. We further demonstrate that over-expression of miR-132 can inhibit the development of B cell leukemia in mice that have B cells expressing the c-myc oncogene. We have therefore described miR-212/132 as a novel regulator of B cell development through its regulation of Sox4 expression.
FastRemap: A Tool for Quickly Remapping Reads between Genome Assemblies

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A genome read data set can be quickly and eciently remapped from one reference to another similar reference (e.g., between two reference versions or two similar species) using a variety of tools, e.g., the commonly-used CrossMap tool. With the explosion of available genomic data sets and references, high-performance remapping tools will be even more important for keeping up with the computational demands of genome assembly and analysis. We provide FastRemap, a fast and ecient tool for remapping reads between genome assemblies. FastRemap provides up to a 7.19× speedup (5.97×, on average) and uses as low as 61.7% (80.7%, on average) of the peak memory consumption compared to the state-of-the-art remapping tool, CrossMap. FastRemap is written in C++. Source code and user manual are freely available at: github.com/CMU-SAFARI/FastRemap
Quantitative Proteomics Reveal ATM Kinase-dependent Exchange in DNA Damage Response Complexes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ATM is a protein kinase that initiates a well-characterized signaling cascade in cells exposed to ionizing radiation (IR). However, the role for ATM in coordinating critical protein interactions and subsequent exchanges within DNA damage response (DDR) complexes is unknown. We combined SILAC-based tandem mass spectrometry and a subcellular fractionation protocol to interrogate the proteome of irradiated cells treated with or without the ATM kinase inhibitor KU55933. We developed an integrative network analysis to identify and prioritize proteins that were responsive to KU55933, specifically in chromatin, and that were also enriched for physical interactions with known DNA repair proteins. This analysis identified 53BP1 and annexin A1 (ANXA1) as strong candidates. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we found that the exchange of GFP-53BP1 in DDR complexes decreased with KU55933. Further, we found that ANXA1 knockdown sensitized cells to IR via a mechanism that was not potentiated by KU55933. Our study reveals a role for ATM kinase activity in the dynamic exchange of proteins in DDR complexes and identifies a role for ANXA1 in cellular radioprotection.
The Finite Difference Scheme For The Suspended String Equation With The Nonlinear Damping Term

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A numerical solution of the initial boundary value problem of the suspended string vibrating equation with the particular nonlinear damping term based on the finite difference scheme is presented in this paper. The investigation of how the second and third power terms of the nonlinear term affect the vibration characteristic. We compare the vibration amplitude as a result of the third power nonlinear damping with the second power obtained from previous report provided that the same initial shape and initial velocities are assumed. The comparison results show that the vibration amplitude is inversely proportional to the coefficient of the damping term for the third power nonlinear damping case, while the vibration amplitude is proportional to the coefficient of the damping term in the second power nonlinear damping case.
Multikinase Inhibitors and Renal Cell Cancer: How They Work and the Promise They Hold

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsDavid I. QuinnDavid I. Quinn, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, is assistant professor of Medicine and director of the Clinical Investigations Support Office at the Kenneth J. Norris Jr. Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California in Los Angeles, Calif.
Prediction of V s30 in Datong Basin and Amplification Effect of Site Ground Motion Based on Typical Geological Characteristics Analysis

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Shear wave velocity of soil layer is an important dynamic parameter, which is of great significance for site classification, determination of ground motion parameters and prediction of ground motion. Based on the analysis of shear wave velocity data of 1429 geological boreholes in Datong Basin, this paper studies the relationship between V S and geological characteristics such as soil type, geological unit type, SPT blow number and compactness degree. Based on the correlation analysis of shear wave velocity ratio of soil, soil compactness coefficient and thickness of Quaternary upper overburden, this paper presents a soil V S30 prediction model. The goodness of fit R 2 > 0.90 and the prediction accuracy is very high under the overall sample condition. Based on the abundant strong earthquake records and drilling information of KiK-net and K-net networks in Japan, V S30 and site period T S are selected as the two quantitative indexes of the amplification effect of site ground motion. The correlation between V S30 and PGA amplification coefficient and site period T S is established. The distribution characteristics of PGA amplification coefficient and site period T S based on V S30 distribution are given. The results show that the maximum values of PGA amplification coefficient and T S distribution characteristics of site period are consistent with the geological location of the earthquake swarm with M6.1 in 1989 in Datong Basin. It shows that the characteristics of the site ground motion effect estimated by V S30 can indicate the occurrence of earthquakes. The occurrence of earthquakes is affected by active faults and local conditions of the site at the same time, which fully proves the feasibility of this research method and the accuracy of the research results. The shear wave velocity ratio and the soil compactness coefficient are proposed for the first time, and they are applied to the prediction of V S30 with the thickness of the upper overburden of the quaternary system. This paper provides a good research idea for V S30 prediction of non-shear wave velocity test site, study of amplification effect of site ground motion, study and judgment of earthquake location. The research results can provide important technical support for urban earthquake prevention and mitigation planning, large earthquake scenario construction, earthquake risk analysis, earthquake damage prediction and regional earthquake safety evaluation in Taiyuan Basin.
sj-doc-1-acr-10.1177_02841851221127563 - Supplemental material for The additional value of high-resolution vessel wall imaging in screening suitable chronic internal carotid artery occlusion candidates for endovascular recanalization: comparison with digital subtraction angiography

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Supplemental material, sj-doc-1-acr-10.1177_02841851221127563 for The additional value of high-resolution vessel wall imaging in screening suitable chronic internal carotid artery occlusion candidates for endovascular recanalization: comparison with digital subtraction angiography by Yanwei Hou, Lei Ren, Chen Cao, Heliang Zhang, Wei Zhao, Jinxia Zhu, Zaiyu Guo and Shuang Xia in Acta Radiologica
Systemic lupus erythematosus: An imitator for inflammatory bowel disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease that may involve any organ in the body. Inflammation of the bowel wall as a presenting symptom of SLE is uncommon and can lead to delays in diagnosis and treatment. Here, we discuss the case of an adolescent male who presented with weight loss, intermittent fevers, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Initially, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was suspected, but endoscopic evaluation did not support this diagnosis. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed signs of serositis, concerning for an inflammatory process and the patient was referred to Rheumatology for further evaluation. Autoimmune serologies were obtained and combined with clinical findings confirmed a diagnosis of SLE. This case advances our understanding of SLE as a multisystemic disease and highlights an unusual presentation involving the gastrointestinal tract, which can mimic IBD and potentially delay the diagnosis and treatment process.
Effects of toxic chemicals on the reproductive system. Council on Scientific Affairs

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In an effort to make physicians more aware of the hazards of the workplace to pregnant workers, the Council on Scientific Affairs' Advisory Panel on Reproductive Hazards in the Workplace prepared this third and final report reviewing the effects of chemical exposure. A total of 120 chemicals were considered for reviews based on an estimation of their imminent hazard, ie, widespread use and/or inherent toxicity. Following a brief introduction, which sets out general principles, clinical applications, and aids to the recognition of a human teratogen, the report presents reviews and opinions for three representative chemicals. Information concerning the remaining 117 compounds is available upon request.
Evaluation of scrub typhus diagnosis in China: analysis of nationwide surveillance data from 2006 to 2016

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Scrub typhus is a life-threatening disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, and specific antimicrobial medicine is available. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for reducing the risk of severe complications and death. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the case diagnosis situation among medical care institutions and geographical regions in China, and the results will benefit both clinical practice and the disease surveillance system. We extracted individual scrub typhus case data 2006–2016 from a national disease surveillance system in China. The diagnosis category and interval time from illness onset to diagnosis were compared among three levels of medical care institutions and provinces. The descriptive analysis method was performed in our study. During the 11-year study period, 93 481 scrub typhus cases, including 57 deaths, were recorded in the nationwide surveillance system. The overall proportion of laboratory-confirmed cases was only 4.7%, and this proportion varied greatly among primary medical centres (2.8%), county level hospitals (4.2%), and city level hospitals (6.3%). Notably, the proportion of laboratory-confirmed cases has consistently decreased from 16.3% in 2006 to 2.6% in 2016, and the same decreasing trend was found among all three levels of medical care institutions. The interval from illness onset to case diagnosis (Tdiag) for all cases was 5 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 2–9 days) and decreased from 7 days (IQR: 3–11 days) in 2006 to 5 days (IQR: 2–8 days) in 2016. The risk of death for patients with a Tdiag of > 7 days was 2.2 times higher (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.05–5.21) than that of patients with a Tdiag of < 2 days. The interval time from illness onset to diagnosis for scrub typhus cases decreased greatly in China; however, the diagnosis rate of cases with laboratory-confirmed results must be increased among all levels of medical care institutions to reduce both the risk of death and the misuse of antibiotics associated with scrub typhus.
EFFECT OF PHOSPHOLIPASE C ON THE PERMEABILITY OF THE TOAD BLADDER

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

1) Using toad bladder, the effects of phospholipase C on the vasopressin-, cyclic AMP-, and theophylline-activated SCC and osmotic flow were examined. The effect of phospholipase C on the vasopressin-activated urea permeability across the toad bladder was also examined. 2) Phospholipase C inhibited the vasopressin-cyclic AMP-, and theophylline-activated osmotic flow of the toad bladder. 3) Phospholipase C did not affect the vasopressin-, cyclic AMP-. and theophylline activated SCC. 4) Phospholipase C caused no effect on vasopressin-induced increment of the urea permeability across the toad bladder membrane. 5) The results suggest that phospholipase C might affect directly the barrier for water, and shows no effect on the barrier for solutes. Some possible characteristics of the barriers are discussed in the point of view of the "double barrier series theory".
Research for newborn screening: developing a national framework.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Newborn metabolic screening represents the largest application of genetic testing in medicine. As new technologies are developed, the number of conditions amenable to newborn screening (NBS) will continue to expand. Despite the scope of these programs, the evidence base for a number of NBS applications remains relatively weak. This article briefly reviews the evidence base for several conditions. The article then develops a proposal for a structured sequence of research protocols to evaluate potential applications for NBS before their formal implementation in public health programs. Such a framework for research will require collaboration between states and the federal government, a collaboration that is emerging through recent federal legislation and funding.
Pupillary and Vascular Effects of Calcium Antagonists in Migraine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In migraine patients the effects of calcium antagonists (flunarizine, verapamil and nifedipine) on both venous and pupillary neuromuscular functions, as well as on blood pressure have been evaluated. A single oral dose of flunarizine (10 mg) and verapamil infusion (50 μg/ml/min) increased venous compliance. Verapamil also counteracted dose-dependent dopamine induced venoconstriction. Nifedipine (10 mg orally) reduced mean arterial pressure in upright position in migraineurs but not in controls. In addition, chronic treatment with flunarizine (10 mg for 2 weeks) induced a transient miotic effect and a reduction of tyramine induced mydriasis. These findings demonstrated that calcium antagonists affect vascular and extra-vascular structures. It is postulated that, in migraine, calcium entry blockers may prevent exaggerated responses to catecholaminergic stimulation.
Effective Emittance Measurements on Multi-Layer Insulation Concepts for Space Station Freedom External Lines

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Effective emittance was measured for four Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets designed for Space Station fluid lines. Blanket #2 was built for a 25.4 mm line; Blankets #1, 3 and 4, were built for 12.7 mm lines. Blankets #3 and 4 minimized flap material to reduce heat loss. Blankets #1, 2, and 3 had aluminized inner surfaces; Blanket 4 had a Kapton inner surface. All measured effective emittance values were within 30% of similar Orbiter MLI. Blanket #3 effective emittance values ranged from 0.056 to 0.080 for 47 to -43°C lines, demonstrating improvement from reducing flap material.</div>
Additional file 1 of Chiral MoS2@BC fibrous membranes selectively promote peripheral nerve regeneration

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Mechanical properties of BC, D-CMS, L-CMS, Ach-MS and R-CMS materials. A Tensile strength of BC, D-CMS, L-CMS, Ach-MS and R-CMS materials. B Stress-strain curves for BC, D-CMS, L-CMS, Ach-MS and R-CMS materials. C Stress profiles of BC, D-CMS, L-CMS, Ach-MS and R-CMS materials with time. Fig. S2. Immunofluorescence of SCs on BC, D-CMS, L-CMS, Ach-MS and R-CMS scaffolds. A CJun immunofluorescence. B Relative levels of CJun (n = 3). Table S1. Experimental reagents. Table S2. Experimental Instruments. Table S3. Mechanisms of different types of nerve conduits promoting peripheral nerve regeneration.