jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the homogeneity of Cu‐Ni sintered materials using microprobe

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The application of various parameters for the estimation of the degree of homogenization of CuNi sinters is investigated. For this purpose specimens were prepared with different Ni contents, different degrees of initial porosity and different sintering periods. Analysis is done by means of point and line technique. The following parameters were used: standard deviation from the mean Ni content, \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ S_c = \sqrt {\frac{1}{n}\sum\limits_{i = 1}^n {\left({c_i - \bar c} \right)^2 } } $\end{document} , variation coefficient \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ v = \frac{{S_c }}{{\bar c}} $\end{document} , maximum concentration grapient of nickel, \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ g = \left({\frac{{dc}}{{dx}}} \right)_{\max } $\end{document} and the relation of the minimum to the maximum Ni concentration in different points of the sinter. – These parameters are enough precise for the representation of the degree of homogenization, but besides this the latter enables to express the homogeneity in the form of a fraction as measure for the homogeneity of a sinter.
Monitoring of drawdown pattern during pumping in an unconfined physical aquifer model

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this study, we attempted to analyse a drawdown pattern around a pumping well in an unconfined sandy gravelly aquifer constructed in a laboratory tank by means of both experimental and numerical modelling of groundwater flow. The physical model consisted of recharge, aquifer and discharge zones. Permeability and specific yield of the aquifer material were determined by Dupuit approximation under steady‐state flow and stepwise gravitational drainage of groundwater, respectively. The drawdown of water table in pumping and neighbouring observation wells was monitored to investigate the effect of no‐flow boundary on the drawdown pattern during pumping for three different boundary conditions: (i) no recharge and no discharge with four no‐flow boundaries (Case 1); (ii) no recharge and reservoir with three no‐flow boundaries (Case 2); (iii) recharge and discharge with two no‐flow boundaries (Case 3). Based on the aquifer parameters, numerical modelling was also performed to compare the simulated drawdown with that observed. Results showed that a large difference existed between the simulated drawdown and that observed in wells for all cases. The reason for the difference could be explained by the formation of a curvilinear type water table between wells rather than a linear one due to a delayed response of water table in the capillary fringe. This phenomenon was also investigated from a mass balance study on the pumping volume. The curvilinear type of water table was further evidenced by measurement of water contents at several positions in the aquifer between wells using time domain reflectometry (TDR). This indicates that the existing groundwater flow model applicable to an unconfined aquifer lacks the capacity to describe a slow response of water table in the aquifer and care should be taken in the interpretation of water table formation in the aquifer during pumping. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Software Security Supplementation Guide Line Based on ISO 27001 for the SP Certified Organization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

한국의 정보통신산업진흥원(NIPA)에서 제공하는 SP 품질 인증은 소프트웨어 개발 프로세스의 역량을 평가 및 인증하는 제도이다. SP 품질인증은 국내에서 개발된 인증모델로서 전국적으로 확산되고 있다. 최근 보안성이 문제되고 있으나, SP 품질 인증에서는 별도의 보안 속성에 대한 프로세스를 정의하고 있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 SP 품질 인증을 획득한 기업 및 조직들의 보안성 향상을 위해 ISO 27001을 기반으로 하는 새로운 보안 프로세스를 제시한다. 제안 프로세스를 통해 보안 위협요소들을 검출해낼 수 있고, 이러한 요소들에 대처할 수 있는 기회를 제공한다. 또한 검출된 보안 취약점은 보안 척도로 이용될 수 있으므로 시스템의 보안 측면 관리가 가능하다. The SP quality assessments from national IT industry promotion agency of Korea(NIPA) assesses ability of software development process. And the SP quality assessments is getting popular over the nation. But, in the SP quality assessments, there is no concern about security attribute. In this paper new secure process base on ISO 27001 is proposed for the organization that is already passed SP quality assessments. This process can detect security threatening factors and gives chance to protect those factors. Furthermore, since detected security weaknesses can be used as a measurement, the system can be managed in aspect to security attribute.
A Study on the ‘Forest’ of Children in the Age of With-Corona

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

연구 목적: 이 연구는 유아들이 숲에서 놀면서 심신을 이완시키며 정신적 스트레스도 회복하고, 행복감과 즐거움 등 긍정적인 정서를 많이 경험할 수 있는 숲에 대해 고찰하는 것이다. 이를 통해 위드 코로나로 살아가야 하는 시대에 힐링으로서의 숲을 재조명해 보고자 한다. 연구 방법: 연구방법은 문헌분석을 통해 고찰하였다. 연구 내용: 이 논문의 연구내용은 첫째, 유아 숲 교육의 특징을 살펴볼 때 유아 숲 교육은 전인 발달 측면에서 영유아의 성장에 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 위드 코로나 시대 치유(Healing)로서의 숲을 고찰해 봄으로써 숲은 유아에게 정서적, 신체적 건강에 효과적이었으며 육체적 피로와 정신적, 심리적 압박을 해소하여 건강회복에 도움을 주었다. 결론 및 제언: 숲이 가지고 있는 다양한 자연 치유인자가 코로나19로 지쳐있는 사람들의 대체의학 또는 심리 신경면역학 측면에서 치료적 대안으로 가능성이 있고 많은 사람이 숲을 접할 수 있는 방안을 제언하였다.
Differential expression of proteins from plant mitochondria subjected to thermal stress

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Conference Article| November 01 1994 Differential expression of proteins from plant mitochondria subjected to thermal stress JAMES R. PRATT; JAMES R. PRATT 1Biochemistry Department, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar CARLTON K. WOOD; CARLTON K. WOOD 1Biochemistry Department, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ANTHONY L. MOORE ANTHONY L. MOORE 1Biochemistry Department, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1994) 22 (4): 405S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst022405s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation JAMES R. PRATT, CARLTON K. WOOD, ANTHONY L. MOORE; Differential expression of proteins from plant mitochondria subjected to thermal stress. Biochem Soc Trans 1 November 1994; 22 (4): 405S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst022405s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1994 Biochemical Society1994 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
The Gendered Construction of the Engineering Profession in the United States, 1893–1920

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines howU.S. engineers constructed their profession within the context of changing structural conditions and hegemonic masculinity between 1893 and 1920. The professionalization of engineering and the linkages between engineering practitioners and colleges were forged during this period. At the same time, conditions for the construction of a powerful masculine self-identity in the workplace were also changing. Engineers’reflective and informative writings about their field in the professional publication Engineering News, the Proceedings of the annual conferences of the Society for the Promotion of Engineering Education, and two career guidance books (all from the 1893–1920 period) document how engineers constructed their profession as a masculine one.
Wrongful neonatal life

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Thus far, we have been dealing exclusively with the effects of the birth of an unwanted or unexpected child on its parents. But what of the child itself? We have seen throughout that public policy – whether expressed by the voice of the public itself or through the medium of the courts – strives to ensure that such a child is not made aware of the unusual circumstances of its conception and birth. We have also seen that, such is the nature of humanity, most children born as a result of negligence by third parties are accepted into the family as much loved additional members – and this includes many who are disabled.
Abstract A29: Rectal mucosal polyamine and PGE2 levels and risk of colorectal adenomas in a phase IIb/III trial of combination difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) plus sulindac

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: The pharmacologic targeting of polyamines and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has proven efficacy for colorectal adenoma prevention. However, the contribution of these analytes as biomarkers of drug response has not been investigated. Methods: We analyzed the relationships between rectal mucosal levels of polyamines (spermidine, spermine, and putrescine) and PGE2, treatment, and risk of adenoma within the context of a phase IIb/III trial of combination difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) plus sulindac for the prevention of colorectal adenoma. Results: We detected no differences in the change in PGE2 levels between the two groups for any time points, but we show a statistically significant decrease in spermidine:spermine levels and in putrescine levels in the DFMO/sulindac group at 12 and 36 months compared to the placebo arm. When we asked whether or not change in polyamine or putrescine levels was associated with adenoma recurrence in the treatment arm only, we found no difference in the rate of metachronous events by change in polyamine or PGE2 levels in the treatment arm. We also found no evidence that polyamine or PGE2 levels were associated with risk of adenoma when we restricted the analysis to the placebo arm only. Of interest, we found that participants with low baseline spermidine:spermine levels who received DFMO/sulindac achieved a significantly greater benefit from treatment (RR = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.06 to 0.40) than those with high baseline spermidine:spermine receiving drug (RR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.27 to 0.92). Conclusions: DFMO/sulindac significantly suppressed the production of rectal mucosal polyamines, but the magnitude of change was not predictive of response to intervention. This was likely due to the large effect of DFMO/sulindac on adenoma recurrence. We found no evidence in the placebo arm that baseline polyamine or PGE2 were associated with the risk of developing adenoma. The modulating effect of baseline spermidine:spermine levels on metachronous adenoma, in those individuals receiving the drug combination, provides evidence of differential agent-effectiveness by steady-state polyamine levels that should be investigated in future studies. Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):A29.
Egypt: The Egyptian Revolution of 1919: Legacies and Consequences of the Fight for Independence, edited by H. A. Hellyer and Robert Springborg and Egypt 1919: The Revolution in Literature and Film, by Dina Heshmat

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Egyptian Revolution of 1919: Legacies and Consequences of the Fight for Independence , edited by H. A. Hellyer and Robert Springborg. London: I. B. Tauris, 2023. 232 pages. $115 cloth, $39.95 paper, $103.50 e-book. Egypt 1919: The Revolution in Literature and Film, by Dina Heshmat. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2020. 248 pages. $130 cloth, PDF; $24.95 paper, EPUB
Improved Mountain Gazelle Optimization for PID Tuning of Solar Photovoltaic based Boost Converter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays, solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are used worldwide for clean production of electricity. The solar energy source is abundant in many countries. The dc-dc power electronic converters find major application in these solar PV systems. A good controller is necessary to control the power converters, where proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is more simple and easy to implement. Tuning of PID controller is an important job to ensure good performance of the system. In this paper a PID controller is designed for the dc-dc boost converter using improved Mountain Gazelle Optimization (MGO) algorithm. The dc-dc converter system with PID controller tuned using improved MGO algorithm is implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The performance is compared with other PID controllers tuned using other popular optimization algorithms such as Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization. It is observed that the boost converter with PID controller tuned using improved MGO provides better output voltage tracking performance.
Effects of Curcumin, Curcumin–Rosemary, and Chlorhexidine Mouthwashes on Streptococcus mutans in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment: An In Vivo Study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Aim:The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of curcumin mouthwash and curcumin-rosemary mouthwash against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) colonies in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.Materials and methods: Around 48 subjects were randomly allocated to three groups, group I (chlorhexidine mouthwash), group II (curcumin mouthwash), and group III (curcumin-rosemary mouthwash).Plaque samples were collected at three stages, T 1 -before bonding, T 2 -1 month after bonding orthodontic attachments, and T3-after the use of the prescribed mouthwash for a period of 1 month.The collected samples were cultured and the number of S. mutans colonies were counted.The quality of the mouthwash was assessed using a questionnaire.Since the data were normally distributed, paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to evaluate the difference within and among the groups, respectively.Categorical data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results:The results obtained showed a significant reduction in the S. mutans colonies at T3 after the use of mouthwash for 1 month in all three groups.Patients in groups II and III had temporary discoloration of the tongue, whereas patients in group I had a burning sensation in the oral mucosa on prolonged use. Conclusion:All three types of mouthwashes were effective in the reduction of S. mutans colonies in orthodontic patients.Clinical significance: The new herbal mouthwash are cost-effective and had negligible side effects when compared to chlorhexidine.Therefore, they can be used as mouthwashes for all patients regardless of socioeconomic background.
In VitroLeukocyte Uptake of131I Labeled Iodide, Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine, and Its Relation to Thyroid Function1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The human leukocyte as an end organ indicator of thyroid activity was studied by determining in vitro uptake of 131I labeled iodide (Na131I), l-thyroxine (T4-131I) and l-triiodothyronine (T3-131I) after incubating these compounds with whole blood. For the 165 subjects studied, the mean fraction of the dose localized per leukocyte was, respectively, 1.65 × 10−11 for Na131I, 5.81 × 10−11 for T4-131I. and 4.01 × 10−11 for T3-131I. The uptake by the leukocyte was very high for each compound as compared to the erythrocyte, the average ratio being 1200 for Na131I, 870 for T4-131I, and 53 for T3-131I. Exposure to air during incubation with either Na131I or T3-131I produced a marked rise in leukocyte localization. Experiments with T3-131I on blood obtained from 10 hypothyroid, 52 euthyroid and 16 hyperthyroid subjects demonstrated that the fraction of the label taken up per leukocyte is significantly related to thyroid function; the respective averages were 2.25 ±0.58 × 10−11 (SD) for hypothyroids, 3.73 ±1.63 × 10−11 for euthyroids, and 6.02±3.41 × 10–11 for hyperthyroids. Na131I and T4-131I incubation results were not significantly correlated with clinical thyroid status. It is believed that these techniques provide a useful experimental tool for studying certain aspects of peripheral thyroid hormone metabolism in man.
Cajanus cajan L. ICPL 19070

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Cajanus cajan L.
Common name(s): Pigeonpea
Conserved by: ICRISAT Plant Breeding Program, India
Local sample unique identifier: ICPL 19070
Method of creation: Novel distinct PGRFA
Date: 2019-08-08
Biological status: Breeder's line
MLS status: Included
The Establishment of Technological Sequences for the Culture of Carrot

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The carrot is a species belonging to the group of root vegetables, important for the use in humannutrition. The emergence of a diverse variety of carrots characterized by new cultivars (hybrids andvarieties), with different growing seasons, requires an appropriate technology for each region of thecountry. The experience was set up in 2011, in Cluj County, on an experimental group in threerandomized repetitions. The following experimental factors were taken into consideration: the cultivar(â€˜Nantesâ€™ and â€˜Flakkerâ€™), the sowing period (March and May) and the mode of fertilization (organic andchemical). The procedure for the determination of the production was by weighing, andexpressed in tones/hectare. It can be noted that chemical fertilization had a positive influence on theproduction. Moreover, it appears that â€˜Flakkerâ€™ variety, sown in March and chemically fertilized recordedthe highest production of 35.07 t/ha, obtaining a distinctively significant production increase of 5.72% ascompared to the â€˜Nantesâ€™ variety, sown in March and chemically fertilized. The sowing period had anegative impact upon production as the crops sown in March had a yield of 29.25 t/ha as compared to thecrops sown in May that recorded a difference of -1.75% which is significant.
HEALTH RISKS THAT CAT SCRATCH DISEASE CREATES IN HUMANS, CONTROL AND TREATMENT CHOICES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It is concluded that animal health affects directly human health considering the fact that major part of diseases in humans result from animals. Bartonella agents are isolated from humans, rodents, rabbits, dogs, ruminants, wild and domestic cats. Bartonella infections are most commonly seen in domestic cats. Cats are considered primary mammalian reservoir in the transmission of zoonotic Bartonella (B.) henselae and B. clarridgeiae infections. Bartonella, vector-borne pathogen commonly appeared in our country and the world, can cause from mild flu signs to severe diseases such as endocarditis, myocarditis, arthritis, hepatitis in humans and animals. After Bartonella infections are transmitted by fleas to cats, cats may remain chronically infected with bacteria for months or years and especially they can transmit the infection to humans by bites or scratches. Cats infected by Bartonella spp. without any clinical signs can transmit the infection to humans. In the context of this review in the light of mentioned knowledge, data were presented for prevalence situations belonging to regions and countries that Bartonella infection commonly occurs in Turkey and the world. In addition, knowledge was given obtained from recent scientific sources for transmission ways of bartonellosis, clinical signs that it causes in humans and animals, diagnosis methods, treatment and control.
PTSD Among Traumatized Refugees

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Since 1977, the Intercultural Psychiatric Program (formally the Indochinese Psychiatric Program) of the Oregon Health and Science University has been treating refugees from Southeast Asia, that is, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos (Kinzie, Tran, Breckenridge, & Bloom, 1980). Over the years, the program has grown to include refugees and immigrants from Russia, Bosnia, Central America, Somalia, Ethiopia, Iran, Afghanistan, and the Kurdish areas of Central Asia. Our clinical method has been consistent over this time. Each patient has one counselor from his or her own ethnic group and one psychiatrist. The counselor acts as an interpreter, case manager, and usually a socialization group leader. The psychiatrist provides the initial evaluation, diagnostic formulation, psychotherapy, and medication management (Kinzie, 1981). Typically, a counselor–psychiatrist team will follow from 50 to 100 patients. As of 2004, the program had 1100 active patients with Vietnamese comprising the largest group. Cambodians, Russians, and Bosnians also were strongly represented. Overall, the program staff have the ability to translate 17 different languages.
INHIBITION OF FLUORIDE-CATALYZED CORROSION OF STAINLESS STEELS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

of three to ten volts, must appear across the cell before rectification begins even at 60 cycles/second. This is due to the fact that, at lower voltages, the series resistance appearing in the system acts to drop voltage across the diode to near zero with essentially infinitesimal current flow. When frequency is increased to about 400 cycles/ second or above, the reactance of the electrolytic capacitor (double layer) shunting the diode-leakage resistance combination in the Zircaloy electrode equivalent circuit is so low that the diode-series resistor combination is effectively shorted out, and hence no direct current flows. When two Zircaloy- oxide electrodes are used in a cell upon which an a-c voltage is imposed, even though the voltage is of fairly high amplitude, no rectified current will flow. This is consistent with the theory, since the two diodes would be in bucking orientation in the circuit and would hence present a net d-c voltage of zero across the cell. Heating can be carried out by any of the following three methods without causing any electrolytic corrosion effect: design the experiment to be operated at 60 cycles and the specimen so that voltages imposed across it will be below those at which rectification ensues; design the equipment to operate at frequencies of 400 cycles/second or above; and line the test chamber portion of the loop with Zircaloy kept nt ground potential with respect to the specimen so that the polarity of the oppositely oriented diodes will be bucking, and hence all d-c voltages cancelled so that no direct current will flow. By such means, corrosion tests can be run in loops using a-c to heat specimens by their own resistance with no ill effects. (auth)
Carl Sauer, Field Exploration, and the Development of American Geographic Thought

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Carl Sauer has received a great deal of attention by those geographers who respect and admire him as one of the great contributors to modern American geography, and by a younger generation who believe that too much emphasis on Sauer and his form of cultural geography has restricted the growth and development of this particular subfield. Rather than focusing on this dichotomy, or debating the relative merits of each side, it is more important to explore the ways in which Sauer developed as a geographer. From such an analysis perhaps meaningful lessons can be derived about where we have been as a discipline and how we may proceed in the future.
Explicit Construction of Optimal Locally Recoverable Codes of Distance 5 and 6 via Binary Constant Weight Codes

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In a paper by Guruswami et al., it was shown that the length n of a q-ary linear locally recoverable code with distance d ≥ 5 is upper bounded by O(dq 3 ). Thus, it is a challenging problem to construct q-ary locally recoverable codes with distance d ≥ 5 and length approaching the upper bound. The same paper also gave an algorithmic construction of q-ary locally recoverable codes with locality r and length n = Ω r (q 2 ) for d = 5 and 6, where Ωr means that the implicit constant depends on locality r. In this paper, we present an explicit construction of q-ary locally recoverable codes of distance d = 5 and 6 via binary constant weight codes. It turns out that 1) our construction is simpler and more explicit and 2) the length of our codes is greater than previously known.