jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy for diagnosis of pulmonary lesions in advanced HIV infection.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pulmonary diseases remain the most common complication associated with high morbidity and mortality in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Invasive diagnostic procedures are often needed to establish a specific diagnosis of pulmonary disease. We report our experience with ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle aspiration (PTNA) biopsy in 20 consecutive patients with advanced HIV infection who presented with a variety of pulmonary lesions with or without pleural effusion. A specific diagnosis was established in 16 patients (80%), with infection being the most common etiology. Sputum culture yielded the same causative pathogen in three patients (15%) and all had more than one bacterial or fungal isolates. Mild pneumothorax, the only complication, was observed in two patients (10%) following the procedure. Neither patient required chest tube drainage. Our findings suggest that US-guided PTNA can be a useful and safe alternative to fluoroscopy-guided PTNA in selected HIV-infected patients with focal pulmonary lesions and pleural effusion.
Investigation of PCV-2 Infection in Guangdong Province

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

In 2005-2006,samples of 108 pigs from 40 farms in 12 different cities of Duangdong province were investigated by histopathological methods with HE stain to understand epidemiological features of PCV-2 infection.As result,44 cases were PCV-2 positive,that were 40.7% of the total.The infected pigs were from 10 to 120 days old with the majority(15 cases,32.0%)being 60 to 70 days old.The mixed infection rate in PCV-2 positive cases was 95.5%. The mixed infection with PCV-2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(11 cases,25%) was the most prevalent form followed by that with PCV2 and Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia(10 cases,22.7%).PMWS could occur in the whole year,but the peak incidence was in May.
Effect of Mechanism of Phosphorus and Boron on Creep Deformation of Alloy 718

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The effect of P and B on creep deformation of alloy 7 1X was studied.It was found that both P and B increase the resistance to creep deformation with P being a much stronger strengthening element than B. This result is in sharp contrast with the general belief that P is a detrimental element.Also of note is the strong synergistic effect of P and B revealed in alloy 7 18.The combined addition of P and B generated an increase in stress rupture life time or a decrease in the creep rate much greater than the sum of the individual effect of P or B. The P and B combined effect peaked at approximately P = 0.022 wt.% and B = 0.012 wt.% and can be expressed as:where tfp, B is the stress rupture life,& ", B the maximum stress rupture life, A, and A, are coefficients characterizing the rate of change for stress rupture life with changing P and B levels, a, = 0.022%, aB = 0.012%.The stress rupture life time can be increased 2 -3 times by controlling P and B to optimum levels.The possible mechanisms of P, B effects and P -B interaction were investigated by fractographic and TEM microstructural analyses.It seems that increased grain boundary cohesion by P and B additions and the direct interaction between P, B atoms and dislocations and vacancies led to the improvement in creep deformation resistance observed in alloy 718.
School efficiency model: an application of data envelopment analysis and theil inequality in urban and rural areas, Sabah

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Education plays an important role in economics and national development of a country. It helps to reduce poverty, enhance quality of life, and improve health condition. Education also helps to reduce the social and ethnic disparity among population in a country. From economic perspective, level of education and the distribution among groups in a country are affecting income distribution, and also the economic growth. The inefficiency in education caused wastage of resources. Besides that, inequality in education among population increase education gaps
between groups. This make large portion of revenue being occupied by the well-educated minority and the illiteracy majority continuously live in the poverty. Therefore, the understanding of efficiency and education inequality is crucial. In developing countries, the disadvantage of education quality in rural area has been the main focus in many literatures as rural areas produce weaker students'
performance. This study focused on estimating the efficiency of schools in urban and rural areas and identifying the effects of parents' education, quality of schools principal and private tutoring on schools' efficiency. Apart from efficiency, education inequality was measured for schools, districts and urban-rural areas. Education inequality was further decomposed to between-group and within-group inequality. The efficiency of secondary schools was measured by using Data Envelopment Analysis, while the educational inequality was estimated by employing the Theil index. By using secondary schools in Sabah as case study, the empirical result shows that there is a significant difference of school efficiency between the urban and rural areas. School efficiency in urban area is mainly affected by the initial ability of student and private tutoring that conducted. On the other hand, initial ability, parent education and the role of schools principal have significant impact on efficiency in rural area. It is observed that the overall education inequality has decreased from 2009 to 2013. However, from the decomposition of Theil index, the
between-urban-rural inequality has widened. Similar result is observed for between districts-inequality. Therefore, it is proposed that schools and policy makers take appropriate action to schools in rural areas to become more efficient and thus prevent gap widen in between-rural-urban inequality.
Applications and data analysis of next-generation sequencing

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract: Over the past 6 years, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been established as a valuable high-throughput method for research in molecular genetics and has successfully been employed in the identification of rare and common genetic variations. Although the high expectations regarding the discovery of new diagnostic targets and an overall reduction of cost have been achieved, technological challenges in instrument handling, robustness of the chemistry, and data analysis need to be overcome. Each workflow and sequencing platform have their particular problems and caveats, which need to be addressed. Regarding NGS, there is a variety of different enrichment methods, sequencing devices, or technologies as well as a multitude of analyzing software products available. In this manuscript, the authors focus on challenges in data analysis when employing different target enrichment methods and the best applications for each of them.
The Secretary’s Report

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Research Article| April 01 1961 The Secretary’s Report I. Willis Russell I. Willis Russell Secretary-Treasurer Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Publication of the American Dialect Society (1961) 35 (1): 17–27. https://doi.org/10.1215/-35-1-17 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation I. Willis Russell; The Secretary’s Report. Publication of the American Dialect Society 1 April 1961; 35 (1): 17–27. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/-35-1-17 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsAmerican Dialect SocietyThe Publication of the American Dialect Society Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. American Dialect Society1961 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Dendritic Cell Development: Multiple Pathways to Nature's Adjuvants

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Dendritic cells are a system of bone marrow-derived antigen-presenting cells specialized for interaction with T lymphocytes and essential for initiating primary T cell immune responses. Recent investigation indicates that dendritic cells are of diverse origin, with at least two types of myeloid precursors and a lymphoid precursor implicated in their generation. Mature dendritic cell subtypes, while sharing the capacity to activate T cells, show additional functional specialization. Some dendritic cells are equipped with additional mechanisms to regulate the response of the T cells they activate, while others are able to interact with B cells and modify B cell responses.
Animal Robot Prototypes Guided by Telestimulation System

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

A telestimulation system is described that enables an experimenter to train animal robots remotely. The system consists of three separate components: a transmitter base station that is controlled by a PC operator, a multi-channel remote-controlled stimulator backed by animal, and a computer vision based animal motion-analysis system. This system enables multichannel brain and body stimulation experiments in freely moving animals, and training experiments have done to rats, rabbits and dogs, which shows that the telestimulation system works accurately even under interference condition. Rat-robots and rabbit-robots have been trained successfully with our new animal robot training method, which integrates both sound cue and electrical stimulation. A beagle is training now to be a dog-robot, and more animal robot prototypes will come into being soon.
Optimization of the Performance of Hybrid Solar Biomass Dryer for Drying Maize Using ANSYS Workbench

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper ANSYS workbench was used to optimize the performance of hybrid solar biomass dryer for drying shelled maize in order to find the optimal operating input variables when the air temperature within the drying chamber set within the permissible range at reasonably high flow velocity. Hybrid Solar dryer with biomass as a source of fuel for auxiliary heating during absence or low solar insolation is a feasible option for small scale maize farmers [1]. At times high temperatures are induced in this dryer which may result in grain fissures and breakage during milling, thus reducing the grain quality. Optimization results indicate that in order to keep the air temperature within drying chamber to permissible range [2], the air velocity at collector inlet and biomass heat exchanger outlet should be improved to 3 m/s and 2.8 m/s respectively while the capacity of the biomass heat exchanger should also be enhanced to provide hot air at 85°C. It be concluded from the study that HSBD is suitable for drying maize as well as other agricultural products since continuous interrupted drying can be achieved. The capability of the dryer to maintain uniform temperature and air flow within the drying chamber enable high quality dried products within a short duration.
Curating Community? The Relational and Agonistic Value of Participatory Arts in Superdiverse Localities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Background Executive Summary The Curating Community Workshop developed out of an interest in urban regeneration, cultural policy and participatory art. It drew on the extensive experience in developing, delivering and evaluating community interventions that span participatory arts. The Workshop brought together artists, commissioners, researchers, educationalists and practitioners from community development and from a range of arts practices including community art, socially engaged art practice, participatory theatre and participatory arts. The participants critiqued the ideological presuppositions which often assist participatory art: that participation has straightforward positive social impacts on participants, that there is a clear cause and effect relationship between participation and participants behaviour, and that this social impact can be evidenced through evaluative ‘toolkits’. The Workshop discussion recognised the fact that that artists and arts organisations are often negotiating a complex urban context, creating spaces of dialogue and exchange through participatory social programmes in a context of increased socio-economic inequality and population churn. The Workshop invited participants to reflect on these matters, placing emphasis on the relational encounters that characterise this work, rather than its value as an instrument of urban policy. Focusing on art that occurs in urban regeneration and post-regeneration contexts – and the extent to which communities in super diverse neighbourhoods are constituted through such projects – Workshop participants considered the troubled relationship between the aesthetic dimensions of ‘participative’, ‘collaborative’ or ‘socially engaged’ art practice and the politics of community education, engagement and empowerment. A second area of discussion was the governmentality of evaluation and its accompanying methodologies that can overlook, underestimate and distort the agonistic significance and community and ‘relational impact’ of participatory art interventions. Alternatives to the norms and forms of evaluation were explored. The Workshop explored the following questions: how are forms of ‘community’ instantiated and negated through participatory arts? How far can artists make apparent the conflicting positions of stakeholders in arts participation projects? What would be the consequences of this? What is the ‘community impact’ of participatory arts? What is its relational significance? Is antagonism and heterogeneity in participatory arts valuable in relation to civil society? How do affinities and connections between people and space emerge from collective arts participation and other organised social activities?
A COMBINATION BETWEEN RELAXATION AND MASSAGE TEQHNIQUES FOR MOTHERS TO RELIEVE PAIN INTENSITY, DURATION OF LABOR AND APGAR SCORES FOR NEWBORN

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

a labor pain can affect maternal conditions for instance fatigue, fear, anxiety or worry and cause stress that may cause the interference on uterus contractions and influence the length of labor. One of nonpharmacologic methods that can be used to relievea labor pain is a breathing relaxation and massage techniques. The research aimed to analyze the influence of combination between breathing relaxations and massage techniques for mothers against pain intensity, duration of labor and APGAR scores for newborn at the Public Health Center of Masbagik East Lombok. This research used Quasi-Experimental with pretest-posttest control group design. The sample applied 30 mothers who were in the first stage of labor that meet the inclusion criteria. The data were analyzed by Wilcoxon Sign-Rank Test, Mann-Whitney test and t two independent samples. The result indicated the comparison of pain intensity in the the pretest and posttest of control group was p = 0.051>0.05 which means there is no difference on pain intensity before and after treatment in the control group. Although the comparison of pain intensity on the group that received the combination techniques is obtained either pretest or posttest was p=0.001<0.05 which means there is a difference which signed by the reduction of pain intensity before and after the treatment by 2.93. Besides, there was a correlation between the implementation of the technique against duration of labor by cervical opening as indicator (p = 0.000). APGAR scores on newborn on the group that received the technique of relaxation and massage was 7-10 (normal). In short, the implementation of the technique can be used as an integral part of providing basic help for mothers to relieve labor pain and to accelerate delivery process.
Long Lives for Homozygous Trembler Mutant Mice Despite Virtual Absence of Peripheral Nerve Myelin

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Nervous system functions are dependent on point-to-point communication of signals along neuronal axons, and axonal insulation by myelin is thought to speed such conduction. Loss of previously formed myelin or lack of myelin formation can have serious, even fatal, consequences. Mice homozygous for the trembler mutation make virtually no peripheral nervous system myelin, yet have long and functional lives. This result calls into question the view that peripheral nervous system myelin plays a vital role, at least in this species.
Private Pay for Public Work

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This publication reviewsÂ performance pay schemes covering middle management and senior management levels in departments and agencies of central government and also looks at,Â on a selective basis,Â schemes for managers in other parts of the public sector. The objectives of the study were to investigate why performance-related pay schemes are being introduced at management levels in the public sector, to examine how these schemes operate, to assess whether the schemes are meeting their stated objectives, andÂ to see whether and under what conditions performance pay can operate successfully in public sector settings.
rotations: An R Package for SO(3) Data

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this article we introduce the rotations package which provides users with the ability to simulate, analyze and visualize three-dimensional rotation data.More specifically it includes four commonly used distributions from which to simulate data, four estimators of the central orientation, six confidence region estimation procedures and two approaches to visualizing rotation data.All of these features are available for two different parameterizations of rotations: three-by-three matrices and quaternions.In addition, two datasets are included that illustrate the use of rotation data in practice.
Soybean Response to Various Levels of Podworm Damage1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Infestations of varying numbers of Heliothis zea (Boddie) were established in 1968 and 1969 on caged soybeans to determine the number of pod worms per row-foot necessary to produce economic damage. All artificially introduced podworm infestation levels resulted in reduced yields in 1969. Based on the cost of insecticidal control applications, an introduced population level of three podworms per row-foot would justify control measures. Population levels of 1 larva per foot of row, if introduced twice, would justify control measures. Pod-damage counts were made before harvest, and each larva had partially consumed at least 6 pods.
On the performance of human visual system based image quality assessment metric using wavelet domain

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Most of the efficient objective image or video quality metrics are based on properties and models of the Human Visual System (HVS). This paper is dealing with two major drawbacks related to HVS properties used in such metrics applied in the DWT domain: subband decomposition and masking effect. The multi-channel behavior of the HVS can be emulated applying a perceptual subband decomposition. Ideally, this can be performed in the Fourier domain but it requires too much computation cost for many applications. Spatial transform such as DWT is a good alternative to reduce computation effort but the correspondence between the perceptual subbands and the usual wavelet ones is not straightforward. Advantages and limitations of the DWT are discussed, and compared with models based on a DFT. Visual masking is a sensitive issue. Several models exist in literature. Simplest models can only predict visibility threshold for very simple cue while for natural images one should consider more complex approaches such as entropy masking. The main issue relies on finding a revealing measure of the surround influences and an adaptation: should we use the spatial activity, the entropy, the type of texture, etc.? In this paper, different visual masking models using DWT are discussed and compared.
Relationship between Nuclease-Hypersensitive Sites and Meiotic Recombination Hot Spot Activity at the HIS4 Locus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Meiotic double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs), the lesions that initiate meiotic recombination at the HIS4 recombination hot spot, occur in a region upstream of the coding sequence associated with multiple DNase I-hypersensitive sites. Mutations in transcription factors that lead to loss of the DSBs result in the loss of some but not all DNase I-hypersensitive sites in the upstream region. A meiosis-specific change in chromatin structure is detected in strains with the wild-type hot spot but not in strains with alterations that elevate or reduce hot spot activity. The position and intensity of micrococcal nuclease-hypersensitive sites correlate poorly with the sites of DSB formation.
Acute pancreatitis after gastro-jejunal tube placement in patient with severe scoliosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We herein report a 14-year-old cerebral palsy patient with severe scoliosis who developed acute pancreatitis, just after the insertion of a gastro-jejunal tube (GJT) to carry out jejunal feeding. The patient underwent laparoscopic fundoplication and gastrostomy as a treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease. After surgery, the patient developed leakage and gastrostomy feeding difficulty overtime, subsequently, GJT feeding through an established gastrostomy was initiated.However, the patient developed acute pancreatitis two days after the insertion of a GJT. Computed tomography showed peri-pancreas massive edema and that duodenum had become apparently displaced due to the patient's pre-existing scoliosis. Furthermore, it looked like that the direct compression to the whole pancreas had possibly been occurred by the inserted GJT. The occurrence of GJT related pancreatitis was suspected, and subsequently, the pancreatitis improved after the removal of the GJT. The patient thereafter underwent gastro-jejunal bypass surgery. A GJT is a useful device for jejunal feeding which can be inserted from an established gastrostomy, however, its usage should be limited because of a high rate of morbidity. In patient with cerebral palsy, especially combined with severe scoliosis, we should recognize that the insertion of GJT can cause acute pancreatitis due to the risk of direct compression to the patient's pancreas by the GJT.
Left ventricular diverticulum and mitral incompetence in asymptomatic children.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Two children with congenital apical left ventricular diverticulum and significant mitral incompetence are reported. The angiographic and anatomic findings of the few previously reported patients with congenital diverticula and aneurysm were analyzed and a new classification differentiating between the two is proposed. The clinical data analyzed in apical diverticula and aneurysm are similar to those patients with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery. Left ventriculography is the best diagnostic tool. The place of surgery in the treatment of the congenital apical diverticula with or without mitral incompetence in asymptomatic children is not clear. Further observations are needed to reveal its natural history.