jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
NR2F1 and IRE1β Suppress Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein Expression and Lipoprotein Assembly in Undifferentiated Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective— Our aim was to elucidate mechanisms involved in the acquisition of lipid transport properties during enterocyte differentiation. Methods and Results— We show that lipid mobilization via apolipoprotein B lipoproteins is dependent on the expression of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) during differentiation of Caco-2 cells into enterocyte-like cells. Mechanistic studies showed that binding of the nuclear receptor family 2 group F member 1 (NR2F1) to the DR1 element in the MTTP promoter suppresses MTTP expression in undifferentiated cells. During cellular differentiation, NR2F1 expression and its binding to MTTP promoter decline and MTP induction ensues. Moreover, undifferentiated cells express inositol-requiring enzyme 1β (IRE1β), a protein that posttranscriptionally degrades MTP mRNA, and its expression substantially decreases during differentiation, contributing to MTP induction. Immunohistochemical studies revealed a significant negative relationship between the expressions of MTP and NR2F1/IRE1β in undifferentiated and differentiated Caco-2 cells, as well as in crypt–villus and jejunum–colon axes of mouse intestine. Conclusion— We propose that transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms involving NR2F1 and IRE1β ensure low MTP expression in undifferentiated intestinal cells and avoid apolipoprotein B lipoprotein biosynthesis.
Esophageal adenocarcinoma and obesity: peritumoral adipose tissue plays a role in lymph node invasion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Obesity is associated with cancer risk in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Adipose tissue directly stimulates tumor progression independently from body mass index (BMI), but the mechanisms are not fully understood. We studied the morphological, histological and molecular characteristics of peritumoral and distal adipose tissue of 60 patients with EAC, to investigate whether depot-specific differences affect tumor behavior. We observed that increased adipocyte size (a hallmark of obesity) was directly associated with leptin expression, angiogenesis (CD31) and lymphangiogenesis (podoplanin); however, these parameters were associated with nodal metastasis only in peritumoral but not distal adipose tissue of patients. We treated OE33 cells with conditioned media (CM) collected from cultured biopsies of adipose tissue and we observed increased mRNA levels of leptin and adiponectin receptors, as well as two key regulator genes of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT): alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and E-cadherin. This effect was greater in cells treated with CM from peritumoral adipose tissue of patients with nodal metastasis and was partially blunted by a leptin antagonist. Therefore, peritumoral adipose tissue may exert a direct effect on the progression of EAC by secreting depot-specific paracrine factors, and leptin is a key player in this crosstalk.
Multiple campus operation - challenges and opportunities in implementing Work Integrated Learning (WIL).

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This project Building Capacity for Work Integrated Learning (WIL) was funded in part by a small portion of an Australian Learning and Teaching Council (ALTC) grant under the auspices of the James Cook University (JCU) Curriculum Refresh process. JCU academics from the Faculty of Law, Business and the Creative Arts visited key WIL academics and practitioners in other Queensland and Victoria universities in order to understand their commitment and approaches to WIL. The overall purpose of this research was to provide workable recommendations to the Faculty on how it could increase capacity to develop and sustain a range of WIL programs that meet the needs of a multi-campus university. \n \nThe Faculty of Law, Business and the Creative Arts offers programs at various locations including Townsville, Cairns, Brisbane and Singapore. Each location has its own unique challenges in delivering WIL programs; Townsville and Cairns have regional economic constraints; Brisbane has a high proportion of international students; and Singapore is constrained by a legal system that restricts certain WIL programs that impacts a large proportion of its student cohort. The WIL working team is endeavouring to share knowledge, align practices and develop a strategy to formally integrate WIL practices into the curriculum that is consistent across the Faculty yet still meets the unique vagrancies of each campus location. \n \nThe project has explored a diverse range of both placement based and non-placement based approaches to WIL. Comparative baseline data focusing upon Work Integrated Learning has been gathered to support strategic and tactical decision-making relating to teaching practices, student engagement, assessment and curriculum renewal. The final recommendation made to the Faculty was to adopt a hybrid version of the Victoria University‘s WIL model of assessment targets and findings of other universities visited during the project that suit the challenges facing JCU as a multi-campus operation.
The penile duplex ultrasound: How and when to perform it?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Because it is a superficial structure, the penis is ideally suited to ultrasound imaging. A number of disease processes, including Peyronie's disease, penile fractures and tumors, are clearly visualized with ultrasound. Baseline and dynamic assessment of cavernosal arterial changes after pharmaco‐stimulation with alprostadil allows standardized diagnosis of arterial and venogenic causes of erectile dysfunction (ED). Objective To illustrate how to correctly perform flaccid and dynamic penile duplex ultrasound (D‐PDU) and in which patients to recommend it. Materials/Methods An extensive search of the literature was carried out on Pubmed with the insertion of the following Medical Subjects Headings (MeSH) terms and keywords “penile color Doppler ultrasound” “peak systolic velocity” “end‐diastolic velocity”, “acceleration time”, “resistance index”. Evidence In our experience, arterial erectile dysfunction is identified after standardized intracavernous injection (ICI) of alprostadil (10 mcg) when values of peak systolic velocity (PSV) are <35 cm/s and, in the most severe forms, for values <25 cm/s. Arterial insufficiency can also be identified by increased acceleration time (AT) values (>110 ms) and/or by a lack of visualization of helicine arteries at power Doppler mode along with incomplete achievement of penile rigidity. The veno‐occlusive incompetence is determined when end‐diastolic velocity (EDV) values are >4.5–5 cm/s or in the case of resistance index (RI) values <0.75. The assessment of additional surrogate markers of endothelial dysfunction, that is, intima‐media thickness, mean platelet volume (MPV), endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), endothelial cell specific molecule‐1(endocan) are also useful in assessing the patient's cardiovascular risk but are still considered investigational in the interpretation of D‐PDU results. Conclusion D‐PDU scan after ICI with vasoactive drugs is a safe procedure and represents the gold standard for the diagnostics of penile pathologies and should be performed in men with ED not responding to oral conventional therapies and/or in those requiring accurate stratification of cardiovascular risk.
Ichthyofauna of Endemic Fish in Towuti Lake, Luwu Timur Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Aims: The aims of this study to determine the biodiversity of endemic fish in Lake Towuti, Luwu Timur Regency South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Study Design: The research was conducted by survey Place and Duration of Study: The research was carried out in February until March 2021 in Tanjung Timbala; Tanjung Lengkobutanga; Tanjung Bakara; Tanjung Saone and. Tanjung Tominanga at Lake Towuti, Luwu Timur Regency South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Methodology: Fish samples were carried out every week using a trap net for 8 weeks. Fish samples obtained from each station were separated according to species. Fish samples were preserved with 4% formalin and then immersed in 70% alcohol before species identification was conducted. Data analysis in this research used descriptive statistics. Results: The endemic fish species was found is telamtherina bonti Telmatherina bonti, Telmatherina celebensis, Paratherina striata, Tominanga sanguicauda, Tominanga aurea Oryzias profundicola, Oryzias matanensis, Oryzias marmoratus, Mugilogobius hitam, Glossogobius flavipinnis, Glossogobius matanensis and Dermogenys megarhamphus. The percentage of endemic fish caught at each station on Lake Towuti was different. The water quality parameters obtained are as follows Temperature: 26.40⁰C-30.30⁰C, pH: 6.35-9.03, dissolved oxygen (DO):6.25-8.95 mg/L and NO3-N: 0.023-0.066 mg/L.This water quality were suitable for the survival and growth of endemic fish. Conclusion: Endemic fish families were obtained such as Telmatheridae, Adrianichthyidae, Gobiidae and Hemiramphidae and a total of twelve endemic fish species were found in this study. The number of endemic fish was found to be different at the station. Water quality parameters play an important role in the distribution and existence of endemic fish in Lake Towuti.
The Role of Tryptophan Metabolites in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

In recent decades, neuropsychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar, etc., have become a global health concern, causing various detrimental influences on patients. Tryptophan is an important amino acid that plays an indisputable role in several physiological processes, including neuronal function and immunity. Tryptophan’s metabolism process in the human body occurs using different pathways, including the kynurenine and serotonin pathways. Furthermore, other biologically active components, such as serotonin, melatonin, and niacin, are by-products of Tryptophan pathways. Current evidence suggests that a functional imbalance in the synthesis of Tryptophan metabolites causes the appearance of pathophysiologic mechanisms that leads to various neuropsychiatric diseases. This review summarizes the pharmacological influences of tryptophan and its metabolites on the development of neuropsychiatric disorders. In addition, tryptophan and its metabolites quantification following the neurotransmitters precursor are highlighted. Eventually, the efficiency of various biomarkers such as inflammatory, protein, electrophysiological, genetic, and proteomic biomarkers in the diagnosis/treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders was discussed to understand the biomarker application in the detection/treatment of various diseases.
Storage stability and decomposition products of a cyanide-ion standard solution

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

シアン化物イオン標準液（0.1～10 mg l－1，1000 mg l－1）の6か月間の保存安定性を調べた．保存安定性に影響を与える可能性のある因子として，アルカリの濃度と種類（0.01～1 mol l－1の水酸化ナトリウム又は水酸化カリウム），容器の種類（高密度ポリエチレン製容器，ホウケイ酸ガラス製容器，ホウケイ酸ガラス製アンプル），保存温度（5～40℃）を選定した．その結果，0.1～10 mg l－1，1000 mg l－1のいずれの濃度においても保存温度が高くなるに従い，濃度低下が大きくなる傾向にあった．5℃ で保存した場合の6か月間の濃度変化は，0.1～10 mg l－1で－1.1～－4.8％，1000 mg l－1の場合には，－0.8～－1.6％ であった．また，20℃ 以上で保存（2か月以上）する場合には，容器自体からの溶出（高密度ポリエチレン，充填剤の溶出）が問題となる場合もあることが分かった．更に長期保存（24～38か月）した試料中のシアン化物イオンの濃度を測定し，その濃度変化分が，アンモニア及びギ酸に変化したとする場合の理論濃度と実測の結果を比較したところ，よい一致を示した．このことから，シアン化物イオンはアンモニアとギ酸に分解しながら濃度低下を起こしていると推定した．
P ersian ( I ranian) C hristianity

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract It might be said that Christianity in Persia began 50 days after the death of Jesus Christ at the celebration of Pentecost in Jerusalem. In Acts 2:5 it says that God‐fearing Jews had come to Jerusalem from every nation. On the day of Pentecost the Holy Spirit came down upon the disciples who were in the upper room such as Peter, James, and John. Acts 2:6–9 notes some of the known 15 languages the disciples of Jesus spoke: “Then how is it that each of us hears them in his own native language? Parthians, Medes and Elamites; residents of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and Asia …”
Assessment of the accuracy of the precis-regional climate model in simulating climate extremes over equatorial east Africa

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This study aimed at assessing the performance of the PRECIS (Providing Regional Climate for Impact Studies) regional climate model (RCM) in simulating the extreme climate events in the equatorial East Africa region. The data used included daily simulations obtained from the PRECIS model daily runs carried out at ICPAC (IGAD Climate Prediction and Application Centre). Quality-controlled daily station observed maximum and minimum temperature together with daily rainfall totals for 13 unevenly distributed stations over the region were used. Identification of trends of extremes in observed rainfall and temperature records was achieved through graphical analysis, regression analysis and Mann Kendall non parametric test. Evaluation of the skill of the PRECIS regional climate model in simulating the past and present regional rainfall and temperature extremes was achieved using graphical analysis, correlation analysis, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) analysis; the PRECIS model was used to project future trends of rainfall and temperature extremes over equatorial East Africa. Analysis of trend of the past and present patterns of rainfall and temperature extremes over equatorial East Africa showed that observed trends of maximum temperature extremes have significantly increased leading to hotter days and warmer nights. There has been a decrease in cooler days and colder nights. Decreasing trends in observed extremes generated from minimum temperature data were identified. Precipitation extremes generally showed a decrease in annual rainfall totals. Results from correlation analysis, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) analysis indicated relatively low skill of PRECIS in simulating regional climate extremes, especially for precipitation extremes. The graphical methods, however, showed that the PRECIS model was by and large able to represent the peaks of temperature and rainfall extremes. .There were, however.
14N Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Frequencies of Several Nitrogen Containing Compounds

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation L. Krause, M. A. Whitehead; 14N Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Frequencies of Several Nitrogen Containing Compounds. J. Chem. Phys. 1 March 1970; 52 (5): 2787–2788. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1673386 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioThe Journal of Chemical Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Effects of Exercise and Ischemia on Mobilization and Functional Activation of Blood-Derived Progenitor Cells in Patients With Ischemic Syndromes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background— Exercise training (ET) has been shown to improve regional perfusion in ischemic syndromes. This might be partially related to a regeneration of diseased endothelium by circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) or CPC-derived vasculogenesis. The aim of the present study was to determine whether ischemic stimuli during ET are required to promote CPC mobilization in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Methods and Results— Patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) were randomized to 4 weeks of daily ischemic ET or control (group A). Successfully revascularized patients with PAOD were randomized to 4 weeks of daily nonischemic ET or control (group B). Patients with stable coronary artery disease were subjected to 4 weeks of subischemic ET or control (group C). At baseline and after 4 weeks, the number of KDR + /CD34 + CPCs was determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured by ELISA. A Matrigel assay was used to quantify CPC integration into vascular structures. Expression of the homing factor CXCR4 was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. In group A only, ischemic ET increased VEGF levels by 310% ( P <0.05 versus control) associated with an increase in CPCs by 440% ( P <0.05 versus control), increased CXCR4 expression, and enhanced integration of CPCs into endothelial networks. In contrast, subischemic ET in groups B and C increased CXCR4 expression and CPC integration. Conclusions— In training programs, symptomatic tissue ischemia seems to be a prerequisite for CPC mobilization. However, ischemic and subischemic ET programs affect CXCR4 expression of CPCs, which might lead to an improved CPC integration into endothelial networks.
The Origin of American Indian Languages

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Americas is the subject of a lively current debate.1 At issue is what really took place and how we can find out about it. The classification of American Indian languages has played an important role in research on this topic. The purpose of this chapter is to consider the implications that the classification of these languages has for how and when the first people came to the New World. The “more than 400 years of humanistic, antiquarian, and-within the last century-scientific [including archaeological, linguistic, and human biological/genetic] scholarship have not definitely resolved the question of when [or how or how many] human groups first made their appearance in the New World” (Taylor 1991:101).
Increased 2,3-diphosphoglycerate during normocapnic hypobaric hypoxia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The effect of 96 h of exposure to hypobaric hypoxia with and without 3.8% CO2 supplementation was studied in two groups of subjects. Five subjects (CO2) were exposed to 440-465 mm Hg barometric pressure (4000-4400 m), and 4 subjects (no-CO2) were exposed to 455-492 mm Hg (3500-1400 m) in order to produce similar levels of resting end-tidal PO2. After 24 h, 2,3-DPG levels of both groups significantly increased and remained elevated. The CO2 group had higher levels than the non-CO2 group after 48 and 72 h. Concurrent measurements of P50 showed similar changes over the same time course. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations remained normal for 48 h and then decreased in both groups, the CO2 group showing the larger decrease. We conclude that altitude exposure may produce an increase in 2,3-DPG without the presence of respiratory alkalosis previously thought necessary.
Normed Convex Processes

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We show that several well-known results about continuous linear operators on Banach spaces can be generalized to the wider class of convex processes, as defined by Rockafellar. In particular, the open mapping theorem and the standard bound for the norm of the inverse of a perturbed linear operator can be extended to convex processes. In the last part of the paper, these theorems are exploited to prove results about the stability of solution sets of certain operator inequalities and equations in Banach spaces. These results yield quantitative bounds for the displacement of the solution sets under perturbations in the operators and/or in the right-hand sides. They generalize the standard results on stability of unique solutions of linear operator equations.
Mikhail Lermontov and his “marginal” interpretations: late 19th and early 20th centuries

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article examines the literary criticism about Mikhail Lermontov. These critical works are written on the border of literary criticism, philosophy and journalism. These critical articles do not belong to the “academic” direction; this criticism can be called provincial. The question of possible reasons why these publications mostly went completely unnoticed by the compilers of the bibliography about Lermontov is highlighted. Furthermore, the importance of “peripheral” publications for understanding the creative heritage of the Russian poet and writer is processed.
Time is Money! Exploring the Determinants of the Time to Complete an Acquisition.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Following the announcement of an acquisition, target and acquiring firms enter into a closing period of integration planning, additional due diligence, and renegotiations. This study builds off of strategy literature on completing M&A deals by investigating the determinants of the time to complete an acquisition. Our premise is that acquiring firms face conflicting time incentives during the completion process. Synergistic motivations and competitive pressures suggest that firms need to execute an acquisition quickly, or be subject to potential profit losses and losing the target firm in the competitive bidding process. On the other hand, there are significant resource requirements to moving quickly in the closing process as explained using the theory of time compression diseconomies. We expect that increasing complexity of the acquisition and dividing acquirer resources between multiple concurrent acquisitions will increase the time to complete an acquisition. Additionally, we expect the presence of an anti-competitive lockup clause will diminish the preemption incentive to quickly execute the acquisition. We find empirical support using data from the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries.
A multiobjective fuzzy mathematical model for a supply chain problem with the forward and reverse flows

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Reverse logistics has been one of the complex and popular topics drawing attentions of the researchers and practitioners. Recovery of products has many advantages to companies in reducing costs and protecting the environment. In this study, one of the recovery options, namely reuse, is analysed. For this pursuit, a mathematical model is developed to plan production and distribution of the reusable products as well as the new products by considering the forward and reverse flows of the products. The model is a multi-echelon supply chain model composed of multiple customers, multiple distributors, multiple transshipment points, and a factory. Due to vagueness, ambiguity and lack of information in the reverse logistics, the problem is constructed and solved under the fuzzy environment. The model is implemented on a hypothetical supply chain network based on an industrial case, and the results of the model are compared with the results of the other methods.