jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mean and median-based nonparametric estimation of returns in mean-downside risk portfolio frontier

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The DownSide Risk (DSR) model for portfolio optimisation allows to overcome the drawbacks of the classical Mean-Variance model concerning the asymmetry of returns and the risk perception of investors. This model optimization deals with a positive definite matrix that is endogenous with respect to portfolio weights. This aspect makes the problem far more difficult to handle. For this purpose, Athayde (2001) developed a new recursive minimization procedure that ensures the convergence to the solution. However, when a finite number of observations is available, the portfolio frontier presents some discontinuity and is not very smooth. In order to overcome that, Athayde (2003) proposed a Mean Kernel estimation of the returns, so as to create a smoother portfolio frontier. This technique provides an effect similar to the case in which continuous observations are available. In this paper, Athayde model is reformulated and clarified. Then, taking advantage on the robustness of the median, another nonparametric approach based on Median Kernel returns estimation is proposed in order to construct a portfolio frontier. A new version of Athayde's algorithm will be exhibited. Finally, the properties of this improved portfolio frontier are studied and analysed on the French Stock Market. Keywords DownSide Risk · Kernel Method · Mean Nonparametric Estimation · Median Nonparametric Estimation · Portefolio Efficient Frontier · Semi-Variance.
The Formation of Cadets Communicative Competence In the Process of Foreign Language Education In the Military Institute

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The formation of cadetscommunicative competence in the process of foreign language education in the military institute consists of some components. First of all it is authentic material – sound tracks, study films, military documentation, slides. In the studying the discipline «The Foreign Language» cadet must understand the general content of authentic publicpolitical, journalistic and texts of military orientation. That&#96;s why the special role is given to the education of audition teaching. To prepare cadets for the foreign communication it is necessary to teach him to work with the profession oriented text, to reviewing it. This ability develops basic abilities of the foreign speech understanding. Today the new multimedia technologies for the foreign language teaching are used. They help to understand language events, make communicative situations, develop language and speech activities. The author gives the lesson fragment with the multimedia technologies using.
Comparative transcriptomic analysis of Aspergillus niger cultured in peanut or cashew nut flour based media

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Treatment of cashew extracts with Aspergillopepsin reduces IgE binding to cashew allergens Cecily B. DeFreece, Jeffrey W. Cary, Casey C. Grimm, Richard L. Wasserman, Christopher P Mattison
Physical properties of sugar cookies containing chia–oat composites

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract BACKGROUND Omega‐3 fatty acids of chia seeds ( Salvia hispanica L.) and soluble β‐glucan of oat products are known for lowering blood cholesterol and preventing coronary heart disease. Nutrim, oat bran concentrate ( OBC ), and whole oat flour ( WOF ) were composited with finely ground chia, and used in cookies at 20% replacement of wheat flour for improved nutritional and physical quality. The objective was to evaluate physical properties of chia–oat composites, dough, and cookies. RESULTS These composites had improved water‐holding capacities compared to the starting materials. The geometrical properties and texture properties of the cookies were not greatly influenced by a 20% flour replacement using chia– OBC or chia– WOF composites. There was a decrease in the cookie diameter, and increases in the height of cookies and dough hardness using 20% Chia‐ Nutrim composite. CONCLUSION These fine‐particle chia–oat composites were prepared by a feasible procedure for improved nutritional value and physical properties of foods. The cookies containing chia–oat composites can be considered a health‐promoting functional food. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Male greater sac-winged bats gain direct fitness benefits when roosting in multimale colonies

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Social groups that are characterized by the presence of male kin are rare in mammals. Theory predicts that males reproducing in such groups need to overcome the costs of local mate competition, which are supposedly severe in polygynous or promiscuous mating systems. Here, we studied in a polygynous mammal with male philopatry whether male group size renders direct fitness benefits for males that could outweigh the costs of competing with related males for access to territories and mates. We used long-term behavioral observations and genetic data of the greater sac-winged bat to investigate the factors affecting lifetime breeding success (LBS) of harem males living in colonies that contain varying numbers of male residents. We show that tenure of harem males increased with the number of male coresidents and that harem male tenure explained a large proportion of variation in their LBS. Thus, our results provide evidence that males gain direct fitness benefits from a social organization in colonies that include additional harem territories and nonharem males. Immigration of males into colonies was significantly lower when nonharem males (young males that are often related to harem males) were permanently present in colonies, suggesting that larger male groups may be better able to maintain a patriline in a colony and thus also ensure future indirect fitness benefits.
Anticipation awareness and visual monitoring in reading contemporary music

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study examines anticipation and related eye movement measures during music reading with 22 pianists performing four successive executions of an excerpt of Ligeti’s Etude No. 4 “Fanfares”. The pianists were allowed to practice for two minutes between each trial and were divided into two skill groups based on their tempo and accuracy scores. Visual monitoring was assessed by measuring the number and duration of glances at the keyboard (GAK). This assessment led us to introduce a new eye movement measure, the awareness span. The nature of the music reading process was examined by applying a reading span test and a spatial memory test. The results showed that practice and musical structure had a strong effect on performance, eye movement and mixed (eye–hand span and awareness span) measures. Compared to the less expert group, we noted that the expert pianists played faster, with fewer substitutions, larger eye–hand and awareness spans, and fewer and shorter GAK. Across the trials, the pianists were able to adapt the location of GAK within bars and use GAK to create imaginary borders; this is consistent with the findings of Sloboda (1974, 1977), who demonstrated experts’ capacity to adapt their eye–hand span to musical structure. More skilled pianists mobilize their anticipation capabilities more efficiently, underlining a link between the visuospatial sketchpad (Baddeley, 1990) and the music reading anticipation process.
About Neutron Electric Dipole Moment: Exotic Case

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

When the magnetic moment of neutron m presesses around a static magnetic field B the electric dipole moment of neutron dn is tied up with m and rotates in the plane perpendicular to B with Larmor frequency wp. If to apply the oscillating electric field perpendicular to a field B this may cause a spin flip of a neutron. At w=wp one may observe a resonance similar to the one obtained in Neutron Magnetic Resonance technique.
Development of a serious game to enhance assistive rehabilitation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study is to investigate novel assistive technologies based on serious gaming for the assessment of postural control and motor rehabilitation. Previous research already demonstrated that rehabilitation and physical activities can improve the quality of life of patients, and virtual reality applications may act as good additional companions during the therapeutic sessions. Indeed, workout routines supported by serious gaming encourage patients to train harder, bringing the therapy towards a pleasant game into a virtual environment. During the game, sensors track the movements of the players and transfer the data to software components that record a database from which patients' progress can be determined. The acquired measures are interpreted in the form of new biomarkers, which enable the assessment of postural control. Such biomarkers are based on a probabilistic approach and show the capability to discriminate between well-performed exercises and incorrect movements. A long-term experimentation on a specific exercise is proposed, showing a considerable improvement, ranging from 5% to 30%, in the performance of patients.
Identifying Money Laundering in Business Operations as a Factor for Estimating Risk

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Money laundering and terrorist financing can be performed in many ways, regular business operations being among them. Business activities go through a large number of business changes, which offers numerous options for money or assets to enter the company via seemingly legal business transactions, enabling money or assets to remain in regular business flows once money laundering is completed. On the other hand, the opposite scenario, in which there is interest in money to be transferred from regular flows to alternative flows, including terrorism financing, is also common. This paper will discuss legal business operations as a framework for money laundering and terrorist financing. Cash flow cycles are presented in form of an algorithm as connections between irregularly and regularly acquired assets in the process of money laundering through business operations, as well as re-entry from regular flows into alternative cash flows. The Butterfly Diagram, presenting groups of business changes enabling entry of larger amounts of money and assets owned by a company in order to be laundered or their exit with the effect or tax evasion or terrorism financing, evolved from the algorithm. Also, the “Butterfly Diagram” includes certain forms of legal and tax misuse which enable legalizing the specified activities. The business reality is exceptionally dynamic and needs of money launderers keep growing, this is why there is an increase in types and numbers of business transactions that can be used for money laundering or terrorism financing, resulting in the need to keep modifying the presented “Butterfly Diagram”.
USE OF DEPILATORY AGENT IN PREPARATION OF MOUSE FOOT PAD CELL CULTURE

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Telah dijelaskan secara rinci bagaimana cara pembuatan biakan sel telapak kaki (Mouse Foot Pad Cell Culture) mencit C 3 H. Kunci keberhasilan pembuatan ini terletak pada penggunaan bahan penghilang rambut (depilatory agent) sebagai pembersih bulu telapak kaki, sehingga tidak terjadi kontaminasi kuman dan menggunakan sel medium campuran 109-199. Biakan sel ini telah berumur lebih dari 20 tahun dan masih dipergunakan di Bagian Bakteriologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Hiroshima, Japan oleh Prof. Y. Matsuo sebagai substrat dalam pene­litian Mycobacterium lepraemurim Menurut Prof. Matsuo jenis biakan sel ini merupakan satu-satunya yang ada di dunia dan merupakan salah satu substrat yang terbaik untuk penelitian penyakit Hansen.
Subjects with Knee Osteoarthritis Exhibit Widespread Hyperalgesia to Pressure and Cold

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hyperalgesia to mechanical and thermal stimuli are characteristics of a range of disorders such as tennis elbow, whiplash and fibromyalgia. This study evaluated the presence of mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA), compared to healthy control subjects. Twenty-three subjects with knee OA and 23 healthy controls, matched for age, gender and BMI, were recruited for the study. Volunteers with any additional chronic pain conditions were excluded. Pain thresholds to pressure (PPT), cold (CPT) and heat (HPT) were tested at the knee, ipsilateral heel and elbow, in randomized order, using standardised methodology. Significant between-groups differences for PPT and CPT were found: OA subjects demonstrated significantly increased sensitivity to both pressure (p=0.018) and cold (p=0.003), but not to heat (p=0.167) stimuli, compared with controls. A similar pattern of results extended to the pain-free ipsilateral ankle and elbow indicating widespread pressure and cold hyperalgesia. This study found widespread elevated pain thresholds in subjects with painful knee OA, suggesting that altered nociceptive system processing may play a role in ongoing arthritic pain for some patients.
SPIRAL DESIGN OF MICROSCOPE IN BOTH TURKISH SCIENCE CURRICULUM AND TURKISH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CURRICULUM

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Reflection, refraction,light,mirror and lens are needed terms for effective learning on microscope. Itmainly depends on reflection and refraction. Students need to engage suchscientific terms before the microscope practices.&amp;nbsp; Therefore, this study investigates thecontents related to the microscope in accordance with spiral curriculum.&amp;nbsp; For an overall looking to microscope content in Turkish ScienceCurriculum (TSC), the official documents published by the Ministry of NationalEducation were analyzed at part of reflection, refraction, light,mirror and lens. The contentswhich were listed in a comparison way used to examine whether there is aparallelism between such related terms or not. It is obvious that the K-levelcurriculum includes microscope. At 4grade, students make simple observations using this tool. Each part ofmicroscope are mainly introduced to the children at 6 grade. However it isclear that light and lens are needed contents to understandthe microscope at 4 grade, lens islocated in TSC at 8 grade. Although lightis located in TSC in accordance with the spiral curriculum design, lens has notgot a similar scope and sequence as it located in curriculum later thanmicroscope practices. For further learning of such activities, it is absolutelyrequired to be aware of the fact that lensand refraction are important basicsfor microscope. The result of this study also points out that there is asimilar location between TSC and Turkish Science and Technology Curriculum(TSTC) in terms of spiral design of microscope use.
Stacking integrated learning-based inverse design of four-nanopore high-Q all-dielectric metasurface

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this paper, we establish a four-nanophole hollowed out all-dielectric metasurface structure as the object of reverse design, which can realize many types of high Q-value Fano resonance effects through dynamic tuning of a single structure, with Q value up to 4401. We used the time domain finite difference method for data collection, and then select appropriate models according to the characteristics of the data from the perspective of the data itself. We select in small sample prediction excellent support vector regression (SVR), gradient promotion decision tree (GBDT), prediction generalization performance and stability of high random forest (RF) as a base learners, with good nonlinear fitting ability BP neural network (BPNN) yuan learners, establish a fusion model based on Stacking integrated learning strategy. Based on this fusion model, the multi-parameter all-dielectric metasurface structure is reverse designed instead. The results show that the proposed method has high prediction accuracy with an absolute average error of only 0.0043, and excellent average accuracy of 82.5%, 77.9% and 14% compared with the combined model GBDT-SVM-BP, GBDT-RF-BP, and RF-SVM-BP. This study provides a new perspective on the reverse design of all-dielectric metasurface structures.
A Study on the Construction of Talent Growth Coordinate System Based on Competency Model of Technological College Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Nowadays, it has become the new focus for technological colleges to creatively enhance the effect of talent cultivation by putting both the Competency Model for their students and the social needs into consideration. Based on the theoretical foundation of Competence Model and a thorough analysis of such model for technological college students, the article is able to put forward and afterwards build the Talent Growth Coordinate System, namely an index system for students’ competency with three mutually integrated facets. Those three facets are requirements of the society, university objects of talent cultivation as well as the personal development of student. The above Talent Growth Coordinate System aims to achieve the following four goals. Firstly, the system will make it more convenient for universities to have a better understanding of student development. Besides, the system will improve the individualization of educational means. Furthermore, the assessment result of such system can reflect the degree of students’ adaption for industries and enterprises. Fourthly, it will lead to the development of career planning and employment recommendation work in universities.
Intercultural Relations in a Multicultural Society: Predicting Tongans' Attitudes toward Maori and New Zealand Europeans/Palangi Groups

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

<p>Contemporary intergroup relations and perceptions research has largely focused on majorities' perspectives while neglecting the perspectives of minorities. However, for a multicultural society to be successful, mutually positive intergroup attitudes are important, and multiple perspectives need to be considered. This research drew on Ward and Masgoret's (2006) Integrative Model (IM) of attitudes toward immigrants to examine contact, threat (realistic and symbolic), and intergroup emotions (anger and fear) as predictors of Tongans' attitudes toward New Zealand Europeans/Palangi people and Maori. It also tested: 1) the effects of perceived discrimination to determine if this explained additional variance in out-group attitudes beyond that accounted for by contact, threat and emotions; and 2) target group (Palangi/Maori) as a moderator of the predictor variables. Two hundred and forty-four Tongans (age range 15-83 years) resident in New Zealand participated in the study. In line with the hypotheses, hierarchical regression analysis controlling for age, gender, educational level, English language proficiency and employment status indicated that greater contact and lower levels of symbolic threat predicted positive out-group attitudes and fear predicted negative attitudes. Furthermore, the addition of perceived discrimination to the regression model significantly accounted for additional variance in out-group attitudes and appeared to mediate the effect of fear, which was no longer significant. Contrary to expectations, however, these effects were not moderated by out-group (Palangi/Maori) target. The findings are discussed in relation to New Zealand's social, economic and political context. In addition, the contributions offered by a minority perspective on intergroup relations are elaborated, and the applications of the findings are described along with recommendations for future research. In the end, understanding minorities' perspectives is crucial for promoting positive intergroup relations in New Zealand as well as in other multicultural societies particularly those with long histories of cultural plurality and prolonged intercultural conflicts.</p>
Physaria didymocarpa, P. brassicoides, and P. floribunda (Cruciferae) and their close relatives

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Chromosome numbers are reported for three species of Physaria (Nuttall) Gray: P. didymocarpa (Hooker) Gray, 2n = 8, 16, and 24; P. brassicoides Rydberg, 2n = 8; P. floribunda Rydberg, 2n = 8, 10, 16, and 24. It is concluded that these three species and seven species treated previously form a natural group of plants that differ from other species of Physaria. Although 6 of these 10 species have two or more chromosome numbers, there are no correlations between plant morphology and the different intraspecific chromosome numbers. Analysis of karyotypes and meiotic behavior indicate that these species are remarkably similar chromosomally.
The Determinants of Loan Loss Provisions: An Analysis of the Greek Banking System in Light of the Sovereign Debt Crisis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We utilize a new set of macroeconomic and regulatory data to analyze the evolution of loan loss provisioning practices in the Greek banking system over the period 2005-2015. We explore the determinants of the aggregate loan loss reserves to total loans ratio, which reflects the accumulation of provisions net of write-offs, and constitutes an important metric of the credit quality of loan portfolios. Our results suggest that domestic credit institutions respond relatively quickly to macroeconomic shocks, though the latter’s effects on the provisioning behavior of the domestic banking system show significant persistence. Furthermore, the impact of macroeconomic shocks on the loan loss reserves ratio has become stronger (both in terms of magnitude and statistical significance) following the outbreak of the Greek sovereign debt crisis. From a macro policy perspective, this result indicates that a sustainable stabilization of macroeconomic conditions is a key precondition for safeguarding domestic financial stability. For a regulatory standpoint, it suggests that the possibility of macroeconomic regime-related effects on banks’ provisioning policies should be taken into account when macro prudential stress tests of the banking system are designed and implemented.
Susceptibility of Hamsters to Peripherally Inoculated Japanese B and St. Louis Viruses Following Cortisone, X-Ray, Trauma.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

1) Brain irritation and intraperitoneal glycerin were tried to enhance susceptibility of hamsters to subcutaneous inoculation of JBE virus. Both of these methods have a slight enhansive effect, but not of the degree desired for the purposes of this study. 2) A total dose of 0.2 mg cortisone/g body weight, when given to hamsters as described, rendered them highly susceptible to subcutaneous inoculation of JBE virus and to only a slightly less degree to SLE virus. 3) It was found that a dose of 450 r of X-ray detectably increased susceptibility of hamsters to subcutaneous inoculation of JBE virus. This was the maximum dose of X-ray tolerated, and increase in susceptibility observed was less marked than with cortisone. 4) Combined treatment of hamsters with the maximum tolerated combined doses of X-ray and cortisone (150 r of X-ray and 0.15 mg cortisone) rendered them much more highly susceptible than X-ray alone; however, the combination tested was not as effective as cortisone alone in a subtoxic dose. Cortisone at a dosage of 0.2 mg/g body weight was adopted as a standard procedure for subsequent work. The increase in susceptibility to JBE virus was in excess of 100,000 fold, rendering the animals almost as susceptible to peripheral inoculation as to intracerebral.