jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Type Ia supernovae data with scalar-tensor gravity

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study the use of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) in the context of scalar-tensor theories of gravity, taking as a working example induced gravity, equivalent to Jordan-Brans-Dicke theory. Winking at accurate and precision cosmology, we test the correction introduced by a time variation of the Newton's constant, predicted by scalar-tensor theories, on the SNe distance modulus relation. We find that for induced gravity the coupling parameter is constrained from $ξ< 0.0095$ (95\% CL) using Pantheon SNe data alone down to $ξ< 0.00063$ (95\% CL) in combination with {\em Planck} data release DR3 and a compilation of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) measurements from BOSS DR12. In this minimal case the improvements in terms of constraints on the cosmological parameters coming from the addition of SNe data to cosmic microwave background (CMB) and BAO measurements is limited, $\sim7\%$ on the 95\% CL upper bound on $ξ$. Allowing for the value of the gravitational constant today to depart from the Newton constant, we find that the addition of SNe further tightens the constraints obtained by CMB and BAO data on the standard cosmological parameters and by 22\% on the coupling parameter, i.e., $ξ< 0.00064$ at 95\% CL. We finally show that in this class of modified gravity models the use a prior on the absolute magnitude $M_B$ in combination with the Pantheon SNe sample leads to results which are very consistent with those obtained by imposing a prior on $H_0$, as happens for other {\em early-type} models which accommodate a larger value of $H_0$ compared to the $Λ$CDM results.
Sleep Deprivation/Insomnia and Exposure to Street Lights in the American General Population (S13.004)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: We explore the association between the intensity in outdoor nighttime light intensity and the sleep habits of the American population. Background: Artificial light at night extends outdoor activities beyond dusk and increases security and safety of the population. In cities, the use of outdoor lights has reduced the exposure to darkness in the 24 hour period. Methods: A representative sample of 15,863 individuals was interviewed by telephone using the Sleep-EVAL expert system between the years 2002 and 2009 and geolocated by latitude and longitude. Data collected during the interviews included sleep habits, sleep, medical and psychiatric disorders. Outdoor nighttime light radiance (NLR) for the locations of the interviews was obtained for the years corresponding to the interviews from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) nighttime imagery. Results: NLR to be associated with a shift in the sleep habits of the general population, resulting in delayed bedtime (p<0.0001) and wake up time (p<0.0001). Overall, NLR is associated with a shortening of the sleep duration (p<0.01) and increased daytime sleepiness (p<0.0001). Exposure to greater NLR also increases the dissatisfaction with sleep quantity and quality (p<0.0001) and the likelihood of having a circadian rhythm disorder (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Outdoor nighttime light exposure is strongly associated with changes in sleep habits and impact our daytime functioning increasing the risks of excessive sleepiness.
Training transfer dimensions and employees performance in Nigerian Public Universities: A theoretical overview

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper tends to theoretically examine the effects of training transfer dimensions on \nemployees performance in Nigerian public Universities. Employees plays an active role \ntowards the success of any organizations which makes them often be regarded as the major assets of any organization. In modern organizations, human resources largely determine the quality of success or failure achieved. As a result, equipping the employee through effective training has becomes imperative in order to maximize their job performance which in turn boost organizational performance. Well-trained and highly developed employees are imperative for long-lasting success to be achieved in Nigerian public universities. Training transfer enables employees to apply the skills they learned from training on the job. It is a critical process, which aims at improving the performance of workers in an organization. In order to form competent employees, relevant expertise and intellectual capacity needs to be improved. Transfer of training refers to applying the knowledge or abilities acquired in order to solve a problem. This paper focus on assessing \nthe effect of four training dimensions that falls under employee characteristics: self efficacy, learning motivation, motivation to transfer and personality. Public universities in Nigeria control more than 90% of Nigerian total university enrollment in the country. Thus, their performance through the effectives of their employees will be of great important to Nigerian progress and development.
[Recurrent retroperitoneal malignant fibrous histiocytoma of myxoid type with mesocolon infiltration].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is an uncommon soft tissue sarcoma. If located in the retroperitoneum, abdominal pain is the predominant clinical feature. Like all primary tumors in this area, it is difficult to diagnosis early. A case of malignant myxoid retroperitoneal fibrous histiocytoma is described. Six years after it had been resected, the tumor recurred and infiltrated the mesocolon. The patient was submitted to intestinal resection. Although this tumor type carries a poor prognosis, patient survival is longer and there are less metastases.
Tissue Microarray Analyses Suggest Axl as a Predictive Biomarker in HPV-Negative Head and Neck Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The receptor tyrosine kinase Axl is described to promote migration, metastasis and resistance against molecular targeting, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy in various tumor entities, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Since clinical data on Axl and its ligand Gas6 in HNSCC are sparse, we assessed the association of Axl and Gas6 expression with patient survival in a single center retrospective cohort in a tissue microarray format. Expression was evaluated manually using an established algorithm and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and patient survival. A number of 362 samples yielded interpretable staining, which did not correlate with T- and N-stage. Protein expression levels were not associated with the survival of patients with p16-positive oropharyngeal SCC. In HPV-negative tumors, Axl expression did not impact patients treated with primary or adjuvant radio(chemo)therapy, but was significantly associated with inferior overall and recurrence-free survival in patients treated with surgery alone. Gas6 was a positive predictor of survival in patients whose treatment included radiotherapy. Associations remained significant in multivariable analysis. Our data question a meaningful contribution of the Axl/Gas6 pathway to radio-resistance in HNSCC and instead suggest that strong Axl expression identifies tumors requiring adjuvant radio(chemo)therapy after surgery.
A surveillance study of antibiotic use in Pondicherry- 2012

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: An alarming increase in antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance especially in India is reported by WHO based on the reports from 5 pilot projects. As WHO and GARP India Working GroupState have stressed the importance ofrepeated co-ordinate surveillance to monitor, this study is undertaken in Pondicherry with the objectives of identifying Commonly used antibiotics, the most exposed age group in Pondicherry and the determining factors for inappropriate use of antibiotics among professionals and community. Methods: A surveillance study was done by using convenient sampling technique on 50 physicians and 100 people in community in the form of questionnaires after getting informed consent. The role of pharmacy was not included due to possible non reliability. The results are expressed by analyzing the data using descriptive statistics. Results: Experience and cost had been the main deciding factors for choosing the antibiotic for prescription. Third generation Cephalosporin was more prescribed and adults were exposed more to antibiotics with 81.56% and 75% from urban and rural respectively. Self medication was practiced by 14 out of 100 participants and more than 75% were not aware about proper use of antibiotics. Conclusions: No significant difference was observed in prescribing pattern among doctors of various qualifications from both urban and rural setup and lack of knowledge about proper use of antibiotics was seen in community. Hence it is essential to create awareness by means of public education programmes, media and CME targeting both rural and urban areas.
81 – EMOTIONAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF DISABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH ROTATOR CUFF PATHOLOGY: A COMPARISON BETWEEN FULL-THICKNESS TEARS AND IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in the level of pre and 6 months post operative objective and subjective measures of disability between patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears and those with impingement syndrome/partial thickness rotator cuff tears. Method: This study involved a review of prospectively collected data from a consecutive series of patients who had undergone surgery related to rotator cuff pathology (acromioplasty with or without resection of clavicle for impingement syndrome/partial thickness rotator cuff tears or repair for full-thickness rotator cuff tears). Exclusion criteria included previous surgery, concomitant pathologies, and work-related injuries with an active compensation claim related to the shoulder. Standardized pre and post-operative data (history and clinical examination, including strength assessment) were collected. To measure symptoms and functional levels, all patients completed a disease-specific outcome measure, the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) Index which explores five domains of physical symptoms, life style, work, sports, and emotions. Paired and independent non-parametric (Wilcoxon two sample tests, and Wilcoxon signed rank tests) statistics were used where normality of data were violated. Results: Three hundred and five patients (130 women and 175 men) with a mean age of 58 years (range, 21–82) met inclusion criteria. One hundred and ninety eight (65%) patients had full-thickness rotator cuff tears and 107(35%) had impingement [59 (55%)] or partial thickness rotator cuff tears [48 (45%)]. Patients with full-thickness tears complained of greater weakness, had a higher prevalence of a specific injury such as fall on an outstretched hand, and reported a higher frequency of insidious onset of pain. The full-thickness tear group was significantly weaker in elevation both pre and post-operatively. Patients with impingement syndrome expressed more severe symptoms and more emotional disability prior to surgery and had more physical disability related to lifting and performing activities of daily living and more emotional disability 6 months after surgery. Both groups showed a statistically significant improvement in overall pain, WORC score, and strength 6 months following surgery. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the extent of rotator cuff pathology and level of physical and emotional disability do not necessarily correlate positively in the early phase of recovery. Patients with less severe rotator cuff pathology tend to be more disabled both before and after surgery. This needs to be considered when planning for return to work and other activities and when assessing treatment outcomes.
Prevalence and predictors of intimate partner violence against men in Kisumu slums, Kenya

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Men in sub-Saharan Africa experience intimate partner violence, with few reporting their cases to the legal authorities or coming out for assistance. Consequently, data on the prevalence and drivers of intimate partner violence in different parts of sub-Saharan Africa are inadequate. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of intimate partner violence against men in Kisumu slums, Kenya.This retrospective cross-sectional study included 398 randomly selected male participants from Kisumu slums, sampled data collected from Community Health Volunteers. We used a multinomial regression analysis to assess determinants and forms of violence.A total of 398 respondents out of 438 eligible men participated in the survey. The prevalence of intimate partner violence against men was 76.1%. From the multinomial regression, men who were married or living together, compared with never married, were 2.13 times more likely to have experienced physical violence (95% CI = 0.91-4.97, p = 0.080) and 2.41 times more likely to have experienced economic violence (95% CI = 1.20-4.84, p = 0.013). Compared to never married, men who divorced or separated were 5.42 times more likely to have experienced sexual violence (95% CI = 0.97-30.37, p = 0.055). Men who had primary education or less were 2.39 times more likely to have experienced sexual violence (95% CI = 1.02-5.61, p = 0.045). Men who were Muslim, compared with Protestants, were 2.37 times more likely to have experienced psychological or emotional violence (95% CI = 0.87-6.37, p = 0.086).Sexual, physical, and emotional violence is common among men in Kisumu slums, and the prevalence differs by age, marital status, education, and religion. Safe spaces should be created that will enable men of diverse socio-demographic characteristics to share their experiences of violence by intimate partners. Policies, including education to increasing awareness of this issue, should be enacted to protect men from intimate partner violence.
Rapid Microfluidic Mixers Utilizing Dispersion Effect and Interactively Time-Pulsed Injection

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present a novel active microfluidic mixer utilizing a dispersion effect in an expansion chamber and applying interactively time-pulsed driving voltages to the respective inlet fluid flows to induce electroosmotic flow velocity variations for developing a rapid mixing effect in a microchannel. Without using any additional equipment to induce flow perturbations, only a single high-voltage power source is required for simultaneously driving and mixing sample fluids, which results in a simple and low-cost system for mixing. The effects of the applied main electrical field, interactive frequency, and expansion ratio on the mixing performance are thoroughly examined experimentally and numerically. The mixing ratio can be as high as 95% within a mixing length of 3000 µm downstream from the secondary T-form when a driving electric field strength of 250 V/cm, a periodic switching frequency of 5 Hz, and the expansion ratio M=1:10 are applied. In addition, the optimization of the driving electric field, switching frequency, expansion ratio, expansion entry length, and expansion chamber length for achieving a maximum mixing ratio is also discussed in this study. The novel method proposed in this study can be used for solving the mixing problem in the field of micro-total-analysis systems in a simple manner.
A Weighted Variance Approach for Uncertainty Quantification in High Quality Steel Rolling

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a computer vision framework aimed to segment hot steel sections and contribute to rolling precision. The steel section dimensions are calculated for the purposes of automating a high temperature rolling process. A structured forest algorithm along with the developed steel bar edge detection and regression algorithms extract the edges of the high temperature bars in optical videos captured by a GoPro® camera. To quantify the impact of noises that affect the segmentation process and the final diameter measurements, a weighted variance is calculated, providing a level of trust in the measurements. The results show an accuracy which is in line with the rolling standards, i.e. with a root mean square error less than 2.5 mm.
Industry Change Through Vertical Disintegration: How and Why Markets Emerged in Mortgage Banking

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

By providing a theoretical framework that explains how and why vertical dis-integration happens, this inductive longitudinal analysis of the mortgage banking value chain sheds light on one of the least studied aspects of industry evolution. I find that gains from specialization set off a process of intra-organizational partitioning, which leads to coordination simplification along parts of the value chain; and gains from trade foster inter-firm co-specialization, which leads to information standardization. As a result of standardized information and simplified coordination, new intermediate markets emerge, even in the presence of transactional risks. This breaks up the value chain, allowing new types of industry participants to emerge, thus, changing the competitive landscape.
lncRNA HOTAIR Inhibition by Regulating HMGB1/ROS/NF-κB Signal Pathway Promotes the Recovery of Spinal Cord Function

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (SCII) is one of the most serious complications of clinical aortic aneurysm and vascular malformation surgery. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is involved in the progression of SCII, whereas long noncoding RNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (lncRNA HOTAIR) is unclear in SCII. This study is aimed at confirming the role and related mechanism of HOTAIR in SCII. Later on, a model of SCII was established by clamping the aortic arch for 14 minutes. RNA expression of HOTAIR was detected via qRT-PCR at 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h after SCII. The Tarlov scoring system and TUNEL assay were used to evaluate neurological function and neuronal apoptosis. Oxidative stress factor levels were assessed according to the instructions of the kit. Inflammatory cytokines were assessed by ELISA. Western blot was used to detect levels of p65, p-p65, I-κBα, and p-I-κBα. We found HOTAIR was raised in SCII rats. si-HOTAIR was able to reverse SCII-induced oxidative stress in SCII rats. The HMGB1 expression was upregulated in SCII tissues and negatively correlated with HOTAIR. HMGB1 was able to partially reverse si-HOTAIR inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammatory injury, and neuronal cell apoptosis in SCII. In addition, the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in HOTAIR/HMGB1 regulation of SCII. In a word, HOTAIR inhibition is able to inhibit oxidative stress, inflammatory injury, and neuronal apoptosis in SCII through downregulation of the high mobility group protein B1(HMGB1), which is achieved by inhibiting the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway. The HOTAIR/HMGB1/ROS/NF-κB molecular pathway may be a new mechanism for the treatment of SCII.
Parents and partners

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Prior work examining intimate partner violence (IPV) among young adults often has emphasized familial characteristics, such as parent–child physical aggression (PCPA), and romantic relationship dynamics, such as jealousy and controlling behaviors, but has not considered these two domains simultaneously. Likewise, research examining how these two domains affect IPV perpetration over time for young adults is still limited. Using five waves of data from the Toledo Adolescent Relationships Study ( N = 950), the present study examined the influence of parent–child relationship factors and romantic relationship dynamics in both their main and interactive effects on IPV perpetration spanning adolescence through young adulthood. Results from random-effects analyses indicated that both familial and romantic relationship dynamics should be taken into account when predicting IPV perpetration. Importantly, these two domains interacted to produce cumulatively different risk for engaging in violence against a romantic partner. Individuals were more likely to perpetrate IPV when their romantic relationship was characterized by verbal aggression if they reported PCPA experiences.
MEASUREMENT OF THE NEUTRAL TEMPERATURE OF THE RAIL PLATE JOINTLESS TRACKS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays the maintenance of long welded rails track is an urgent problem of railway industry. The inexact diagnostic method of the stressed state of long welded rails is used now on railways of Ukraine. This method does not give a direct and true picture of distribution and mode of the stress. Therefore there is a necessity of application of a new diagnostic method, which determines not only temperature stress and stress from longitudinal moving, but also initial and residual, i.e. total longitudinal stress. Taking into account that the rail is made of ferromagnetic material, the phenomenon of magnetic elasticity is used in measurement of mechanical stress. The device for the diagnostic of total mechanical longitudinal stress of static character in a rail is constructed, based on this phenomenon. The technical result of using the new method is an increase in accuracy, speed, convenience and reliability of mechanical stress measurements.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 558 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is Lophatherum gracile", "Geometry POLYGON((119.300000 20.500000, 122.100000 20.500000, 122.100000 25.400000, 119.300000 25.400000, 119.300000 20.500000))", "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false" ] } The dataset includes 558 records from 12 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0026441-250920141307145/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Impact of carboxymethyl cellulose coating enriched with Thymus vulgaris L. extract on physicochemical, microbial, and sensorial properties of fresh hazelnut ( Corylus avellana L.) during storage

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this study, the antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enriched with Thymus vulgaris L. extract (TE) on physicochemical, microbial, and sensorial properties of fresh hazelnut were investigated. Hazelnuts treated with CMC coating solution (0.0, 0.5, and 1.5% wt/vol) containing TE (0.0, 0.5, and 1.0% vol/vol) and stored at ambient temperature for 147 days. The results showed that the uncoated sample had the highest mean moisture content (4.03%), yeast and mold count (2.63 Log cfu/g), and development of Aspergillus spp. (36.25%). The oxidation rate of coated hazelnut with 1.5% CMC and 1.0% TE was lower (PV = 0.47 meq O2.kg−1, TBA = 0.02 mg malondialdehyde.kg−1, and FFA = 0.40%) than that of uncoated sample (PV = 1.07 meq O2.kg−1, TBA = 0.04 mg malondialdehyde.kg−1, and FFA = 0.76%). According to the results of an instrumental mechanical and sensory evaluation, 0.5% CMC and 0.5% TE is an optimal coating to extend shelf life and promote the nutritional value of hazelnut. Practical applications The enhancement of characteristics of fresh hazelnut during storage should be a major concern for the industry and market. It could be admirable to have hazelnut that is well preserved for as long as possible. Consequently, to convince long shelf life and to expand protection from rancidity processes and microbial growth, the nuts have to be preserved, instantly after harvest. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a natural, abundant, unexpansive biodegradable biopolymer, and is a possible material for edible coating applications. In this study, the use of TE as a natural preservative adds nutritional value to the hazelnut and contributed to a shelf life extension of fresh hazelnut. Furthermore, CMC containing TE with its barrier properties vis-a-vis moisture, and oxygen, allows less expensive synthetic materials to be used, prevents loss of flavor, and serves as a suitable carrier for various additives.