jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Amplitude- and Phase-Tunable Coupler With Wide Phase Tuning Range

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this article, a coupler with simultaneously tunable power division ratio (PDR) and phase difference is proposed based on a multivector summation method. Two groups of varactor diodes are installed on the cross-shaped quarter-wavelength coupled lines to realize the proposed tunable coupler. The horizontal coupled lines serve as the subcouplers to generate multiple vectors, while the vertical coupled lines serve as the phase-tunable units (PTUs) to control the phase of the vectors. The phases of the PTUs can be therefore tuned by the varactor diodes. With a proper combination of the capacitance of the varactor diodes, the amplitude and phase characteristics of the proposed coupler can be controlled independently. For demonstration, a highly tunable coupler operating at 1.8 GHz is designed, fabricated, and measured. The PDR of the coupler can be tuned from −7 to 1 dB with a 90° phase difference, while the phase difference of the coupler can be tuned within a wide range from 10° to 165° with equal power division. Better than 10-dB return loss and 15-dB isolation can be observed under different states.
The Increasing Prevalence of Children Home Alone in Ghana: The Importance of Considering Regional Inequalities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

<p>Research from industrialized settings has linked inadequate child supervision with various negative consequences. Nevertheless, empirical research in lower- and middle-income countries about correlates of inadequate child supervision has been scarce. The few studies that exist tended to focus on individual- and household-level factors, and reported associations that are not significant or in mixed directions depending on the context. Structural factors are left underexplored, but taking a more macro-level lens in settings with high regional disparities can hold the key to explaining increases in prevalence of inadequate child supervision. Exploring the evolution over time of child supervision practices can also enrich this explanation. We use data from two rounds of Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys to examine factors associated with children left home alone, and employ regional analysis using strata-level mixed effects. We found that in Ghana, the prevalence of children left home alone without adult supervision increased by 8.5% between 2011 and 2018 – an increase of more than 500,000 children over seven years. Statistical analyses suggest that variation between regions likely are associated with the growth of inadequate child supervision in this country. Future research should pay closer attention to how structural conditions, proxied by regions, can serve as either barriers or facilitators to adequate child supervision practices, helping shed light on residual variance unexplained by individual- and household-level factors.</p> <p> </p>
Supplementary Methods and Figures 1 - 4 from Collections of Simultaneously Altered Genes as Biomarkers of Cancer Cell Drug Response

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>PDF file - 534K, Supporting material for this manuscript includes four supplementary files: a detailed description of all methods and implementation (Supplementary methods); an excel spreadsheet containing all pairwise interactions, grouped by data type (Supplemental pairwise interactions); an excel spreadsheet containing all three-body set interactions, grouped by drug (Supplemental set interactions); and code used to produce all results from this manuscript, including detailed instructions for execution (44).</p>
Sensitivity of Satsuma Mandarin to Ozone as Related to Stomatal Function Indicated by Transpiration Rate, Change of Stem Diameter, and Leaf Temperature

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Transpiration rate, stem diameter, and leaf temperature of satsuma mandarin ( Citrus unshiu Marc.) were found to be sensitive indicators of stomatal response to ozone exposure. Time of reaction of each to 1.2 ppm ozone was 3 min. Stem diameter showed marked oscillation and leaf temperature slight oscillation, when ozone was applied. Correlation coefficiennt between ozone concentration and transpiration rate at the equilibrium status after the beginning of exposure was r = 0.718, and increasing the concentration of ozone decreased stomata size. Thus, it was determined that low sensitivity of satsuma mandarin to ozone is due to rapid stomatal closure by ozone.
Musculocutaneous neuropathy after strenuous physical activity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Three cases of isolated musculocutaneous neuropathy that were related to heavy physical activity are reported. The condition was predominantly motor, and each patient presented with weakness and loss of the normal contour of the biceps muscle. Recovery was complete in two cases, while the third case was left with residual weakness of the biceps muscle. It is postulated that the neuropathy in such cases is due to entrapment or stretching of the nerve where it passes through the coracobrachialis muscle in the upper arm. The condition should be distinguished from rupture of the biceps muscle belly or tendon, from brachial plexopathy and from cervical radiculopathies.
A Study on the English Writing Teaching of Reading-to-Write from the Perspective of The Integrity Unit Teaching

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper addresses the problems that exist in the combination of reading for writing teaching in junior high school English, and proposes a strategy for reading for writing teaching in junior high school English under the integrity unit teaching, i.e., study the textbook discourse, refine the theme of the unit, and focus on the inquisitiveness of the reading and writing teaching; focus on the theme of the unit and determine the goal of reading and writing class time to ensure the wholeness of the goal of reading and writing; consolidate the content of the unit and plan the tasks of the reading and writing class time to pay attention to the content of the reading and writing. The unit content is unified to schedule the reading and writing tasks, focusing on the profoundness of reading and writing content; the reading and writing scaffolding is built, and the sequence of activities is designed to highlight the relevance of reading and writing activities; and the learning evaluation standard is constructed to ensure the effectiveness of the learning of reading and writing.
Spectroscopic and Biological Studies on Newly Synthesized Cobalt (II) and Nickel (II) Complexes with 2‐Acetyl Coumarone Semicarbazone and 2‐Acetyl Coumarone Thiosemicarbazone

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes of general composition ML 2 X 2 (M = Co(II), Ni(II); X = Cl − , NO 3 − ) were synthesized by the condensation of metal salts with semicarbazone/thiosemicarbazone derived from 2‐acetyl coumarone. The ligands and metal complexes were characterized by NMR, elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility measurements, IR, and atomic absorption spectral studies. On the basis of electronic, molar conductance and infrared spectral studies, the complexes were found to have square planar geometry. The Schiff bases and their metal complexes were tested for their antibacterial and antioxidant activities.
Screening and identification of immunoinfiltrating genes associated with the prognosis and construction of the regulatory axis of competitive endogenous RNA of hepatocellular carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression is closely associated with tumor immune cell infiltration, a process influenced by the abnormal expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). These ncRNAs play a pivotal role in regulating immune infiltration in HCC, thereby providing insights into RNA interactions in this context. Aims This study aims to discover new RNA transcripts and develop potential competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks that influence immune infiltration and the prognosis of HCC patients. Method We performed lncRNA-mRNA chip sequencing on cancerous and adjacent tissues from three HCC patient pairs to profile differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including mRNAs and lncRNAs. Collaborating with the TCGA database, we identified miRNAs that bind to these transcripts and analyzed the DEGs' expression profiles. The study included GO and KEGG functional enrichment analyses of DEGs. Furthermore, we constructed a ceRNA network using R software to explore the relationship between key genes and immune cell infiltration and their impact on HCC patient prognosis. Results A ceRNA sub-network involving 8 lincRNAs, 4 miRNAs, and 18 mRNAs associated with HCC immune infiltration was established. We identified four immune-related hub genes (CD3G, CD8B, IL7R, and SHC1) linked to HCC prognosis. CD3G, CD8B, and IL7R emerged as protective factors, whereas SHC1 was identified as a risk factor. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that higher expression levels of CD3G, CD8B, and IL7R correlate with longer survival in HCC patients, while increased SHC1 expression is associated with reduced survival time. Conclusion The constructed lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network highlights four critical genes that may regulate immune infiltration in HCC. This study sheds light on the post-transcriptional regulatory role of lncRNAs in HCC and lays the groundwork for identifying novel targets for HCC immunotherapy.
New serotypes of Morganella morganii.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

On the basis of 8 new O and 11 new H antigens determined in 22 strains, the Morganella morganii antigenic schema was supplemented with 8 serogroups (O35-O42) and 13 serotypes. Four strains belonged to O groups described earlier and 2 strains contained new O antigens in combination with known O antigens. Known H antigens were present in one strain as a single factor and in one strain as combination of two factors. New H antigens were demonstrated in 5 serotypes in combination with known H antigens. Six out of the 22 isolates were classified into O group 35. Two isolates contained different B-type surface antigens; these factors were not related to Escherichia coli B antigens and, unlike the latter, their living suspension gave a higher titre agglutination in OK serum as compared to the boild culture.
A Combined EIS–NVSS Survey Of Radio Sources (CENSORS) – III. Spectroscopic observations

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The Combined EIS-NVSS Survey Of Radio Sources (CENSORS) is a 1.4GHz radio survey selected from the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) and complete to a flux-density of 7.2mJy. It targets the ESO Imaging Survey (EIS) Patch D, which is a 3 by 2 square degree field centred on 09 51 36.0, -21 00 00 (J2000). This paper presents the results of spectroscopic observations of 143 of the 150 CENSORS sources. The primary motivation for these observations is to achieve sufficient spectroscopic completeness so that the sample may be used to investigate the evolution of radio sources. The observations result in secure spectroscopic redshifts for 63% of the sample and likely redshifts (based on a single emission line, for example) for a further 8%. Following the identification of the quasars and star-forming galaxies in the CENSORS sample, estimated redshifts are calculated for the remainder of the sample via the K-z relation for radio galaxies. Comparison of the redshift distribution of the CENSORS radio sources to distributions predicted by the various radio luminosity function evolution models of Dunlop & Peacock 1990, results in no good match. This demonstrates that this sample can be used to expand upon previous work in that field.
Labour market segmentation and union strategies in meat processing industry

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper aims to study the current transformations in trade union action by focusing on the meat processing industry in Italy, a sector characterized by a high share of atypical and subcontracted labour. Based on qualitative data collected inside two plants, the paper addresses the processes of labour force segmentation, according to axes such as employment contracts, workers’ nationality, skin colour and gender. Secondly, the paper analyses trade unions’ strategies to cope with these labour force fragmentations. By looking at the nexus between labour process and forms of organization, the paper singles out three approaches. These approaches, underpinned by unions’ understanding of labour market restructuring, epitomize different strategies to organize and mobilize labour. In conclusion, we argue that these conflicting approaches, although oriented towards enlarging unions’ membership and representativeness, actually embed, and thus contribute to strengthen, labour force segmentations in workplaces.
Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis in 50 Cases by "Baoan Wanling Capsule"

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Baoan Wanling Capsule was used to treat 50 cases of rheumatoid arthritis for 2 months. Result showed cure in 16 cases, improvment in 32 cases and failure in 2 cases, with a total effective rate of 96%. It is indicated that this Decoction has good effects on rheumatoid arthritis.
Multi-stakeholder technology acceptance: a preliminary systematic literature review on data-driven technologies for sustainability in the agri-food supply chain

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In the last decades, companies have seen a transition toward a network structure, adapting their internal focus to the external environment, thus moving from material flow improvement and cost reduction to the satisfaction of product customization. Such phenomena are even amplified when considering extended supply chains. Furthermore, the increasing relevance of external pressure belonging from sustainability challenges has led the supply chain to resort to better management of resources, among which data, through the adoption of new and emerging technologies. Despite the several benefits these technologies imply their diffusion within the supply chain has not followed the expectation. Existing literature already tried to cope with technology acceptance, defining which are the main constructs, especially from an individual perspective. What is not yet clearly defined is what happens when enlarging the boundaries to the supply chain perspective, namely considering multiple stakeholders together. Just, a few contributions tried to build a comprehensive framework. The agri-food supply chain represents one of the major supply chains when considering this scenario. Accordingly, in the last decades, this sector has seen an increase in the adoption of technologies based on data within the supply chain, giving birth to the Agriculture 4.0 paradigm. This study aims to define by means of systematic literature review whether frameworks or models exist to measure multi-stakeholder technology acceptance, and which are the drivers considered in the agri-food supply. Moreover, this paper stresses the importance of keeping updated on the set barriers that must be considered when boundaries of analysis change or evolve over time. The introduction of further actors can modify previous rules of the game and decision-making could not always be a choice for some players when dealing with multiple stakeholder’s technology acceptance.
Spider prey (Araneae) of Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) rogenhoferi (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) in southeastern Brazil

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fifty five nests and 216 cells of Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) rogenhoferi were obtained from trap-nests (cut bamboo canes) in Santa Carlota Farm (Itaoca Section=IS and Santana Section=SS), Cajuru and on the São Paulo University Campus, Ribeirão Preto (=RP), both in the State of São Paulo, Brazil (Sept. 1993 - Oct. 1995). The prey (spiders) of 40 cells from IS, 58 from SS and 39 from RP were identified. The greatest nesting frequency occurred during the hot and wet season (September to April). T. rogenhoferi preyed upon individuals of five spider families, with Araneidae (orb-weaver spiders) being the most frequent (99.6%). Alpaida aff. negro (58%) was the most frequently collected species in IS, followed by A. alto (24.8%); in SS (59.6%) and RP (64.7%) the most frequent species was A. veniliae, followed in SS by A. aff. negro (14.9%) and in RP by A. leucogramma (13.5%). The size of reproductive niches, H’=1.25 (IS), H’=1.30 (SS) and H’=1.29 (RP) were not significantly different. There was a positive correlation between the reproductive niche width (H’) and evenness.
The Landmark Expansion Effect: Navigational Relevance Influences Memory of Object Size

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Humans often use visual objects as landmarks to navigate through their environment. Several qualities of an object can make it useful as a landmark; for example, (i) being positioned at a navigationally relevant decision point, or (ii) being large and stable. Is there a common representational code for these landmark properties? To investigate this question, we presented subjects with a movie depicting a route through a virtual museum, with objects placed at intersections (navigational decision points) or at simple turns (non-decision points) along the route. They were asked to pay particular attention to half of these objects, indicated by the category vehicle or animal. Following learning, subjects performed a magnitude estimation task in which they judged the size of the objects on a scale of 1-9. Although the actual size of the decision and non-decision point objects was matched, we found that objects previously encountered at decision points were remembered as being larger than objects previously encountered at non-decision points. In contrast, the attentional manipulation had no effect on remembered size. This finding indicates that there is a common representational code for the properties that make an object a landmark, such that if an object attains salience as a landmark by having one of these properties, is it more likely to be remembered as having another as well. Based on previous neuroimaging work showing that the parahippocampal place area (PPA) responds strongly to both objects at navigational decision points (Janzen & Van Turrenout, 2004) and to large objects independent of their explicit navigational utility (Konkle & Oliva, 2012; Mullally & Maguire, 2011), we suggest that the PPA is the neural locus of this common landmark code (Troiani et al., in press). Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2013
The Elephant in the Room – I

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In a letter dated 14 October 2015, the Minister of State (Environment, Forests and Climate Change; henceforth MoEF and CC in the series), Shri Prakash Javadekar wrote to the Minister of Women and Child Development, Smt. Maneka Gandhi—in response to an earlier email she had sent—announcing the Bihar State Board of Wildlife’s decision regarding banning transport of captive elephants from Bihar to other states and vice versa, and also banning their sale, purchase and transfer across the country.

This received considerable attention in several regional and national dailies, and in several forums on social media. To many people, the larger context (or relevance) of the order was (is) not very clear.

The objective of this article, and the forthcoming ones in this series is to deal with various issues and shortcomings in the captive elephant management sector in the country, with emphasis on the southern Indian state of Kerala, which boasts of its centuries’ old association with the largest land mammal in captivity.
Shaping Baltimore’s urban forests: past insights for present-day ecology

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Context Land use history of urban forests impacts present-day soil structure, vegetation, and ecosystem function, yet is rarely documented in a way accessible to planners and land managers. Objectives To (1) summarize historical land cover of present-day forest patches in Baltimore, MD, USA across land ownership categories and (2) determine whether social-ecological characteristics vary by historical land cover trajectory. Methods Using land cover classification derived from 1927 and 1953 aerial imagery, we summarized present-day forest cover by three land cover sequence classes: (1) Persistent forest that has remained forested since 1927, (2) Successional forest previously cleared for non-forest vegetation (including agriculture) that has since reforested, or (3) Converted forest that has regrown on previously developed areas. We then assessed present-day ownership and average canopy height of forest patches by land cover sequence class. Results More than half of Baltimore City’s forest has persisted since at least 1927, 72% since 1953. About 30% has succeeded from non-forest vegetation during the past century, while 15% has reverted from previous development. A large proportion of forest converted from previous development is currently privately owned, whereas persistent and successional forest are more likely municipally-owned. Successional forest occurred on larger average parcels with the fewest number of distinct property owners per patch. Average tree canopy height was significantly greater in patches of persistent forest (mean = 18.1 m) compared to canopy height in successional and converted forest patches (16.6 m and 16.9 m, respectively). Conclusions Historical context is often absent from urban landscape ecology but provides information that can inform management approaches and conservation priorities with limited resources for sustaining urban natural resources. Using historical landscape analysis, urban forest patches could be further prioritized for protection by their age class and associated ecosystem characteristics.
After oil companies, what? Entrepreneurship experiences in the ecuadorian amazon

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

INTRODUCTION. The present investigation analyzes the elements that explain the failure of the undertakings carried out in the Ecuadorian Amazon. OBJECTIVE. The main objective of the study is to determine the socioeconomic factors that are difficult for the development of productive processes in the Amazonian indigenous communities, taking as a case study the community of Limoncocha. METHOD. Being a descriptive case study, qualitative research techniques were used 6 in-depth interviews with key actors and a focus group with 23 young people from the community. RESULTS. The analysis of the data obtained can be systematized in three determining aspects that hinder the development of community projects and sustainable undertakings over time: internal conflicts among the main leaders, educational system not oriented to entrepreneurship and the presence of inconclusive entrepreneurships. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. In conclusion, it is argued that the absence of entrepreneurship culture, derived from a relationship of historical economic dependence with different public and private institutions, has given rise to the current scenario, where the community perceives itself as incapable of developing, managing and sustain community projects of a productive nature.