jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The expanding role of antiplatelet agents in coronary artery disease. A current review of aspirin, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, and the thienopyridines.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The platelet has assumed an increasingly important role in cardiovascular medicine as our understanding of the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) has evolved. Plaque rupture, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation occur as a result of complex interaction between the platelet, the endothelium, and various inflammatory cells and circulating proteins. Aspirin continues to form the foundation of any anti-ischemic regimen, but cardiologists have long recognized the need for newer, more potent antiplatelet agents. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists and thienopryidines have been developed over the past decade and now serve as powerful complements to aspirin in the prevention and treatment of coronary events. The paper will begin with a review of aspirin as well as a discussion of the concept of aspirin resistance. The rapidly expanding body of knowledge supporting the use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockers and thienopyridines will then be addressed, with an emphasis on reconciling recent controversies in the literature. Future advances in the treatment of coronary artery disease will likely occur as we further refine the role of these established antiplatelet drugs and develop agents that bind to novel targets in the thrombotic cascade.
Elder Care in the Context of Migration

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Demographic changes related to ageing and migration are key societal issues of our days. Cultural diversity in elder care will increase considerably in the next years especially in Northern and Western European countries due to a large share of first generation immigrants from the 1950s to 1970s. Culture-specific needs, expectations and behavioral tendencies become particularly salient in times of frailty. Cultures differ in how they arrange old age care and intergenerational co-residence patterns. When families migrate from a more collectivist, family-oriented to a more individualist cultural context, the question arises in how far traditional care patterns from the country of origin are retained or adapted to the host cultural context. Ageing migrants have been found to be more reluctant regarding formal care due to cultural, religious or language issues which might put specific pressure on their close family members who are often responsible for care arrangements, even if not providing hands-on care. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to examine how established formal assistance should be modified in order to fit the special needs of both informal caregivers and care receivers with migration background. For this purpose, we will draw on two sub-studies: a) a qualitative study with n = 3 in-depth expert-interviews in the field of elder care and migration, and b) a survey in a daycare center with a large population of elder care receivers with migrant background. Results/Discussion: Preliminary results show different starting points for a culture-sensitive adaptation of the services. First, as the existence of help services is often unknown to migrants, it is important to provide low-threshold information, involving multipliers. Second, an important aspect is the culture-sensitive training of staff, increasing their awareness of cultural aspects in care and introducing an individualized as well as relationship-oriented approach. Finally, the exchange of caregivers with other concerned turned out to be a helpful resource and therefore it shall be facilitated and supported by formal services. A structural integration of cultural sensitive care services in the existing elder care system is highly suggested in order to meet the future challenges.
Comments on Abdul Azim Islahi and M. Obaidullah: Zakah on Stocks: Some Unsettled Issues, Comment by: Muhammad Akram Khan زكاة الأسهم : قضايا لم تحسم

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The paper has taken the existing discussion on the subject a step further. However, to my mind the entire discussion on the subject is somewhat misplaced. It has generated out of a segmented approach to the subject of zakah law and zakah accounting. A different approach would not even raise the questions that are being discussed in this paper and elsewhere in the literature. --
Design of Emergency Management System for Public Emergencies under Big Data, Intrusion Detection, and Defense

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This article combines the overall emergency plans and emergency information management methods in major areas such as Beijing and Guangzhou, through in-depth analysis of the impact of big data on emergency intelligence analysis, sorts out the current problems in my country's emergency intelligence analysis, and designs and develops A public emergency management system based on data mining is used to analyze the role of big data in improving the democratic, scientific, intelligent, and precise aspects of platform construction, and the intrusion detection function of DDos is developed.
To prompt or not to prompt: Navigating the use of Large Language Models for integrating and modeling heterogeneous data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Manually integrating data of diverse formats and languages is vital to many artificial intelligence applications. However, the task itself remains challenging and time-consuming. This paper highlights the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) to streamline data extraction and resolution processes. Our approach aims to address the ongoing challenge of integrating heterogeneous data sources, encouraging advancements in the field of data engineering. Applied on the specific use case of learning disorders in higher education, our research demonstrates LLMs' capability to effectively extract data from unstructured sources. It is then further highlighted that LLMs can enhance data integration by providing the ability to resolve entities originating from multiple data sources. Crucially, the paper underscores the necessity of preliminary data modeling decisions to ensure the success of such technological applications. By merging human expertise with LLM-driven automation, this study advocates for the further exploration of semi-autonomous data engineering pipelines.
The Effects of Thyroid Status on Blood Pressure in a Diabetic Patient among the Saudi Population

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: The thyroid hormones are crucial in regulating metabolism, energy production, and the functioning of various organs, including the heart. Imbalances in thyroid hormones can affect cardiovascular health, leading to potential links with blood pressure (BP) and diabetes. Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the impact of thyroid status on BP among diabetic individuals in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on the laboratory findings of 11,632 individuals (5764 females and 5868 males) diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. These participants were screened for the effects of thyroid status and BP over 1 year in various regions of Saudi Arabia. Baseline demographic characteristics, hemoglobin A1c, thyroid profile, and BP were included in the screening process. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS statistics. Results: Among different age groups, the 41–60 age group predominated, with females representing 44.3% ( n = 1974) and males 55.7% ( n = 2486). BP was significantly higher in females ( P < 0.001). Distinct thyroid profiles were evident, with females having higher free thyroxine levels (1.01 ± 0.16) compared to males (0.99 ± 0.14) ( P < 0.001). Abnormal BP prevalence varied across thyroid categories. Primary hypothyroidism in females showed a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension (HTN) (72.5%) than in males (27.5%) ( P = 0.002). Subclinical hypothyroidism exhibited gender-based disparities, with 62.2% of females and 37.8% of males having HTN ( P < 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive association between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and systolic BP (SBP) ( r = 0.29, P = 0.004). Regression analysis indicated TSH as a significant risk factor for higher SBP ( B = 0.246, P = 0.001). Conclusion: Our study reveals gender-based age and BP variations, emphasizing the link between hypothyroidism and HTN in diabetic individuals. There is a significant positive association between TSH levels and SBP.
Adult Ectopic Cervical Thymic Tissue in relation to a Parathyroid Adenoma and a Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Report of Two Cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ectopic cervical thymus is a rare congenital anomaly, which results because of the failure of complete descent of the thymus. They are incidental findings in the young and may disappear during the early years of life; however, they have rarely been described in adults. Some of them may undergo hyperplasia or neoplastic transformation and become visible or cause symptoms. We report two rare cases of incidentally detected cervical thymic tissue in adults. In one case, the thymic tissue was seen adjacent to a parathyroid adenoma of the left inferior parathyroid gland. In the other, it was seen adjacent to the left inferior parathyroid gland in a case of papillary thyroid carcinoma. In both these cases, the ectopic thymic tissue was diagnosed as a result of pathological examination, not clinically by macroscopic appearance during operation or radiological evaluation. The finding needs to be noted as these ectopic foci can occasionally give rise to hyperplasia and neoplasms of the thymus.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 14151 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ { "and" : [ "NetworkKey is 99d66b6c-9087-452f-a9d4-f15f2c2d0e7e", "TaxonKey is Chordata" ] }, { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is one of (Mammalia [GBIF Backbone Taxonomy])", "Country is one of (Guyana, French Guiana, Suriname)" ] } ] } The dataset includes 14151 records from 43 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002712-251009101135966/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Confusions about multiculturalism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Australian multiculturalism – an integrative policy strategy aiming at managing cultural diversity – was adopted as government policy in Australia in the 1970s. In its original rendition, Australian multiculturalism was embedded in classical sociological theory, integrative, reciprocal, egalitarian and respectful of the majority. However, it has also been confused with ethnic pluralism and assimilationist ‘melting pot’ approaches, and these confusions are apparent in the recent European and domestic criticisms. The article outlines the principles of Australian multiculturalism, identifies its theoretical foundations, and highlights some of the popular confusions about its meaning, focus and objectives.
Question Answering System in the Domain of Early Childhood Education in Bahasa Indonesia

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to create a media for teaching staff in early childhood education schools, which is one of the features of the education robot answering system. Speech is used as input and output data from the system. The question answering system is a conversation data in the domain of early childhood education that is collected. Preprocessing stages are performed in the dataset to produce data that can be processed by the system. The question answering system uses the RNN algorithm with the Seq2Seq model. The highest results of the training process are 89.5% accuracy, precision 99.02%, and 70.5% recall. The response generation test also obtained an accuracy of 75%. The results of testing the response to the Questions according to the dataset produce maximum value.
Ingroup Bias as a Function of Competition and Race

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The present experiment investigated factors that enhance the salience of group membership and consequent ingroup bias. Subject dyads, who were always white, were either competitive or interdependent with either white or black confederate dyads. Ingroup bias was assessed as a function of attraction toward the outgroup (experimental confederates) relative to the ingroup (naive subjects). The greater the difference between ingroup and outgroup attraction, the greater the ingroup bias. Results demonstrated that ingroup bias was greater when groups were competitive than when they were interdependent, and greater when the outgroup was black than when the outgroup was white. The findings suggest an improved methodology for studying interracial conflict.
Impact of tube voltage on image quality and radiation dose in CT coronary angiography: a comparative study of 100 and 120 kVp protocol

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background CT coronary angiography (CTCA) is a widely used non-invasive method for evaluating coronary artery disease. Tube voltage plays a crucial role in influencing both radiation dose and image quality. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of tube voltage settings of 100 and 120 kVp on image quality and radiation dose in CTCA with a focus on optimizing the protocol for different BMI categories. Results The 100kVp protocol demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in effective dose (10.71 ± 1.74 mSv) compared to 120kVp protocol (17.82 ± 1.40) with a p value of < 0.001, representing a 39% decrease. SNR and CNR were significantly improved at 100kVp despite a moderate increase in the image noise. Qualitative image score showed a high interobserver agreement (Cohen’s kappa > 0.75). Conclusion Reducing the tube voltage to 100kVp in patients with low or normal BMI significantly lowers radiation dose without compromising diagnostic image quality in CTCA. These results support the implementation of BMI-based CTCA protocols for enhanced patient safety.
The course of spinocerebellar fibers in the spinal cord and lower medulla in the rat. Study with the method of retrograde axonal transport.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The spinocerebellar tract neurons and their fibers were observed throughout the spinal cord and lower medulla in the Wistar rat following injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into the cerebellum.The fiber course before reaching into the periphery of the lateral funiculus was classified into three types. Type I fibers crossed contralaterally through the anterior white commissure, and then ascended obliquely in the periphery of the anterior funiculus to reach into the periphery of the lateral funiculus. These fibers mainly originated from Co-L6 (neurons in laminae V, VII, ventrolateral part of the ventral horn), L3-Tll (lamina VII neurons, spinal border cells) and C3-C1 (central cervical nucleus neurons). The fibers in Co-L6 and L3-Tll ascended obliquely for 2-4 segments to reach into the periphery of the lateral funiculus, while the fibers in C3-C1 ascended obliquely for 1-2 segments. Type II fibers entered the ipsilateral lateral funiculus through the dorsal part of the intermediate substance, and ascended obliquely for 2-9 segments in the medial part of the lateral funiculus to reach into the periphery of the lateral funiculus. The fibers of this type arose mainly from L2-T1 (neurons in lamina V, Clarke's column). Thpe III fibers entered the ipsilateral lateral funiculus from the lateral corner of the anterior horn, and ascended obliquely for 2-4 segments to reach into the periphery of the lateral funiculus. The fibers of this type mainly occurred in T3-C5 (lamina VII neurons).After reaching into the periphery of the lateral funiculus, the majority of type I fibers ascended in the ventral half of the periphery of the lateral funiculus, but the minority migrated dorsalward and ascended in the dorsal half. In the periphery of the lateral funiculus, most of type II fibers ascended in the dorsal half, but some of them ascended in the posterior part of the ventral half. Type III fibers ascended in the ventral half of the periphery of the lateral funiculus.There is a classical conception that the ventral spinocerebellar tract and dorsal spinocerebellar tract ascend through the ventral half of the lateral funiculus and through the dorsal half of it, respectively. The present results indicate that this should be modified.
Isolation of a rickettsial organism (Eperythrozoon) from mice during virological testing of ixodid ticks.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

A strain of Eperythrozoon (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) was isolated from suckling SPF mice (SM) inoculated with a homogenate of nymphal Ixodes ricinus (L.) ticks. The strain, passaged in the SM brain, was partially filterable through a 220-nm Millipore membrane, moderately sensitive to diethylether, and pathogenic for SM while no symptoms were observed in inoculated adult mice or male guinea pigs. A conspicuous cytopathic effect was produced in PS and SPEV (embryo pig kidney) stable cell lines. Both the cell cultures and SM could be used for the infectivity titration of the agent.
All Aboard

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This essay situates Ernest Hemingway’s iconic “Hills Like White Elephants” as a short story about drinking. From this perspective, Hemingway’s story enables readers to experience a personal and deeply felt emotional engagement with the characters, the scene, and the situation. Moreover, his technique enlists readers as “drinking buddies” and provides an entrée into the culture of alcohol. Despite the macho image that Hemingway himself helped construct and deploy, his work invites women into the scene and, indeed, centralizes a key figure often overlooked in the history of modern American fiction criticism: the drinking woman.
Cercetarea la faţa locului în cazul accidentelor de muncă urmate de moartea victimei - On-the-Spot Investigation of Work-Related Accidents Followed by the Victim’s Death (Romanian Version)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Starting from the premise that in order to find out the causes of a work accident followed by the death of the victim it is necessary and mandatory to carry out the correct and complete investigation of the place where the event took place, the author of this paper conducts a study of opportunity and actuality, highlighting the clear landmarks of this activity with profound probative significance . The paper follows aspects regarding the notion, the importance and the objectives of the on-site investigation, through current criminal procedural regulation, without neglecting the previous regulation, presenting comparatively the differences between them, highlighting and explaining the practical applicability of the MIA Order no. 182 / 14.08.2009 regarding the on-site research procedure and the Handbook of good practice on the on-site research procedure, which outline the entire analysis undertaken. (Prof. PhD Gheorghe POPA)
Microbiological Assessment of Disinfection in Ambulances of the Mobile Emergency Care Service: A Public Health Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The Mobile Emergency Care Service, aims to provide relief to people in urgent situations, transporting the victim to a location closer to care. By locomotion or removal of patients in ambulances, it can assist in the spread of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, and viruses) and even their contamination. Nowadays, the control of infectious diseases has become increasingly difficult due to the evolution of microorganisms. Therefore, due to the mobility of sick people in ambulances, disinfection (concurrent and terminal cleaning of ambulances) is necessary to reduce and even eliminate pathogens.
PossessedHand

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

If a device can control human hands, the device can be useful for HCI and tangible application's output. To aid the controlling of finger movement, we present PossessedHand, a device with a forearm belt that can inform when and which fingers should be moved. PossessedHand controls the user's fingers by applying electrical stimulus to the muscles around the forearm. Each muscle is stimulated via 28 electrode pads. Muscles at different depths in the forearm can be selected for simulation by varying the stimulation level. PossessedHand can automatically calibrate the system for individuals. The automatic calibration system estimates relations between each electrode pad, stimulation level and muscle movement. Experiments show that PossessedHand can control the motion of 16 joints in the hand. Further, we also discuss an application based on this device to aid in playing a musical instrument.
Txnip deficiency promotes β-cell proliferation in the HFD-induced obesity mouse model

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Elucidating the mechanisms of regulation of β-cell proliferation is key to understanding the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Txnip is a tumor suppressor that is upregulated in diabetes and plays an important role in the regulation of insulin sensitivity; however, its potential effect on pancreatic β-cell proliferation remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the role of Txnip in pancreatic β-cell compensatory proliferation by subjecting WT and Txnip knockout (KO) mice to a high-fat diet (HFD). Our results demonstrate that Txnip deficiency improves glucose tolerance and increases insulin sensitivity in HFD-induced obesity. The antidiabetogenic effect of Txnip deficiency was accompanied by increased β-cell proliferation and enhanced β-cell mass expansion. Furthermore, Txnip deficiency modulated the expression of a set of transcription factors with key roles in β-cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation. Txnip KO in HFD mice also led to activated levels of p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR and p-GSK3β, suggesting that Txnip may act via PI3K/AKT signaling to suppress β-cell proliferation. Thus, our work provides a theoretical basis for Txnip as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
DE-FAKE: Detection and Attribution of Fake Images Generated by Text-to-Image Generation Models

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Text-to-image generation models that generate images based on prompt descriptions have attracted an increasing amount of attention during the past few months. Despite their encouraging performance, these models raise concerns about the misuse of their generated fake images. To tackle this problem, we pioneer a systematic study on the detection and attribution of fake images generated by text-to-image generation models. Concretely, we first build a machine learning classifier to detect the fake images generated by various text-to-image generation models. We then attribute these fake images to their source models, such that model owners can be held responsible for their models' misuse. We further investigate how prompts that generate fake images affect detection and attribution. We conduct extensive experiments on four popular text-to-image generation models, including DALL$\cdot$E 2, Stable Diffusion, GLIDE, and Latent Diffusion, and two benchmark prompt-image datasets. Empirical results show that (1) fake images generated by various models can be distinguished from real ones, as there exists a common artifact shared by fake images from different models; (2) fake images can be effectively attributed to their source models, as different models leave unique fingerprints in their generated images; (3) prompts with the ``person'' topic or a length between 25 and 75 enable models to generate fake images with higher authenticity. All findings contribute to the community's insight into the threats caused by text-to-image generation models. We appeal to the community's consideration of the counterpart solutions, like ours, against the rapidly-evolving fake image generation.