jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Influence of Sex and ABO Blood Group on the Normal Lymphocyte Transfer Test

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ainley, N. J. (1961). J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Cwlth, 68, 254. Bail, E. W., and Giles, C. (1964). J. clin. Path., 17, 165. Berry, V., Booth, M. A., Chanarin, I., and Rothman, D. (1963). Brit. med. J., 2, 1103. Chanarin, L, MacGibbon, B. M., O'Sullivan, W. J., and Mollin, D. L. (1959). Lancet, 2, 634. Rothman, D., and Watson-Williams, E. J. (1963). Ibid., 1, 1068. Coyle, C, and Geoghegan, F. (1962). Proc roy. Soc. Med., 55, 764. Dacie, J. V. (1958). Practical Haematology. Churchill, London. Elliott, B. A., Jepson, E. M., and Wilkinson, J. H. (1962). Clin. Sei., 23, 305. and Wilkinson, J. H. (1961). Lancet, 1, 698. -(1963). Clin. Sei., 24, 343. Forshaw, J. W. B., Jones, A. T., Chishohn, W. N., and McGinley, W. K. (1957). J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Emp., 64, 255. Francis, H. H., and Scott, J. S. (1959). Lancet, 2, 1033. Fullerton, W. T., and Turner, A. G. (1962). Ibid., 1, 75. and Watson-Williams, E. J. (1962). J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Cwlth, 69, 729. Giblett, E. R., Coleman, D. H., Pirzio-Biroli, G., Donohue, D. M., Motulski, A. G., and Finch, C A. (1956). Blood, 11, 291. Giles, C., and Burton, H. (1960). Brit. med. J., 2, 636. and Shuttleworth, E. M. (1958). Lancet, 2, 1341. Heller, P., West, M., and Zimmerman, H. J. (1959). Clin. Res., 7, 207. Herbert, V. (1961). J. clin. Invest., 40, 81. Hess, 3-, and Gehm, E. (1955). Klin. Wschr., 33, 91. Hibbard, E. D. (1962). J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Cwlth, 69, 739. Hourihane, B., Coyle, C. V., and Drury, M. I. (1960). J. Irish med. Ass., 47, 1. King, E. J., and Campbell, D. M. (1961). Clin. chim. Acta, 6, 301. King, J. (1959). J. med. Lab. Technol., 16, 265. Lehmann, H., and Ager, J. A. M. (1961). Association of Clinical Patho logists, Broadsheet No. 33. Levitan, R., Wasserman, L. R., and Wr?blewski, F. (1959). Clin. Res., 7, 217. Lowenstein, L., Pick, C, and Philpott, N. (1955). Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec, 70, 1309. MacKehzie, A., and Abbott, J. (1960). Brit. med. J., 2, 1114. Rosalki, S. B. (1962). J. clin. Path., 15, 566. and Wilkinson, J. H. (1960). Nature (Lond.), 188, 1110. Rosenthal, H.' L., and Sarett, H. P. (1952). J. biol. Chem., 199, 433. Solomons, E., Lee, S. L., Wasserman, M., and Malkin, J. (1962). J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Cwlth, 69, 724. Wr?blewski, F., and LaDue, J. S. (1955). Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.), 90, 210. Zachau-Christiansen, B., Hoff-j0rgensen, E., and 0sterg?rd Kristensen, H. P. (1962). Dan. med. Bull, 9, 157.
An investigation of automatic and recollective memory in phonological association

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Two experiments manipulated the study variables \nassociative pairing, attention, and modality, in an \nattempt to produce process dissociations (Jacoby, \n1991) between estimates of recollective and \nautomatic memory in a rhyme-based cued-recall task \nwith university students. The experiments examined \npossible inferences drawn from earlier research \nwith amnesiac subjects (Warrington & Weiskrantz, \n1982) which implied that phonological association \ncan occur in automatic or implicit memory as well \nas recollective or explicit memory. Experiment 1 \nfound that manipulations of attention and study \ncontext affected estimates (cf. Jacoby, 1991) of \nrecollective but not automatic phonological \nassociation. Experiment 2 replicated the effect of \nstudy context on estimates of recollective but not \nautomatic memory and in addition found that \nmanipulations of modality (and repetition) affected \nsome estimates of automatic but had no effect on \nestimates of recollective phonological association. \nAs found previously (see Jacoby & Dallas, 1981), \nExperiment 2 found that increasing the number of \nstudy presentations increased estimates of both \nrecollective and automatic memory. Combined across \nthe two experiments there appeared to be separate \nfactors affecting recollective and automatic \nmemory, but the evidence for automatic memory of \nphonological association was mixed.
Electric field gradients in s-, p- and d-metal diborides and the effect of pressure on the band structure and T$_c$ in MgB$_2$

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Results of FLMTO-GGA (full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital -- generalized gradient approximation) calculations of the band structure and boron electric field gradients (EFG) for the new medium-T$_c$ superconductor (MTSC), MgB$_2$, and related diborides MB$_2$, M=Be, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mo and Ta are reported. The boron EFG variations are found to be related to specific features of their band structure and particularly to the M-B hybridization. The strong charge anisotropy at the B site in MgB$_2$ is completely defined by the valence electrons - a property which sets MgB$_2$ apart from other diborides. The boron EFG in MgB$_2$ is weakly dependent of applied pressure: the B p electron anisotropy increases with pressure, but it is partly compensated by the increase of core charge assymetry. The concentration of holes in bonding $σ$ bands is found to decrease slightly from 0.067 to 0.062 holes/B under a pressure of 10 GPa. Despite a small decrease of N(E$_F$), the Hopfield parameter increases with pressure and we believe that the main reason for the reduction under pressure of the superconducting transition temperature, T$_c$, is the strong pressure dependence of phonon frequencies, which is sufficient to compensate the electronic effects.
[Clinical study of disulfiram in intravenous suspension. A new alternative in the treatment of alcoholism].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A disulfiram suspension (propylenglycol and water) was used to treat 45 alcoholic patients. Inactive suspension was given to 8 control alcoholic patients. Pain, local inflammation, thirst and drowsiness were related to disulfiram suspension, but not to solvent administration. Patients receiving disulfiram who drank alcohol experimented the known reaction which was related to subsequent abstinence from alcohol. 67% of patients receiving disulfiram remained abstinent after 1 year of follow up.
Clinical observation of azithromycin in treatment of cervical mycoplasma chlamydia infection in 87 patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To analyze the effect of azithromycin in treatment of cervical mycoplasma chlamydia infection. Methods:July to November 2009 137 cases of cervical mycoplasma and chlamydia infection were divided into treatment group and control group,treatment group were given azithromycin,control group were given clarithromycin,and compared the clinical efficacy. Results:The effective rate of treatment group was 96.55%,control group was only 66.00%,the difference was sigmificant (P0.05); the treatment group had adverse reactions and interrupted drug treatment accoumted for 4.60%,control group was 5.75%,there had no significant difference. Conclusion:The azithromycin injection treats cervial mycoplasma chlamydia infection has accurate curative effect,slight adverse rection,is worth affirming.
Fabrication and Photoluminescence of Hybrid Organized Molecular Films of a Series of Gemini Amphiphiles and Europium(III)-Containing Polyoxometalate

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Organic/inorganic hybrid monolayers, consisting of an oval decatungstoeuropate (EuW10) with photoluminescence and a series of gemini-type amphiphiles with various lengths of the flexible hydrophobic spacers, were formed through electrostatic interaction at the air/water interface. The ultrathin hybrid multilayer films could be fabricated through the horizontal transfer of the monolayers onto the solid substrates. The characteristic absorption band of EuW10 in the UV spectra of the hybrid films showed a slight red shift in comparison with that in solution, indicating the ordered arrangement of EuW10 in the hybrid films. FT-IR spectra of the hybrid films presented characteristic bands of EuW10, indicating that the structure of the cluster was kept in the films. X-ray diffraction measurements of the films revealed that the well-defined layer structures were formed in these multilayer films and the EuW10 cluster ions were orientated with their short axis parallel to the film surface. Typical photoluminescence of the 5D0 --> 7F2 and 5D0 --> 7F1 transitions of EuW10 was observed in the hybrid films. Interestingly, the relative intensity of the two emission bands varied with the spacer length of the gemini amphiphiles in the films. A size matching between EuW10 and the gemini amphiphile with a hexamethylene spacer was observed, which showed the lowest ratio of the emission intensity of 5D0 --> 7F2 to that of 5D0 --> 7F1. Circular nanoparticles were observed in the AFM images for all these hybrid films. In addition, the size of the formed nanoparticles showed a dependence on the spacer length.
Reduced Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Cirrhotic and Noncirrhotic Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Treated With Tenofovir—A Propensity Score–Matched Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Among cirrhotic and noncirrhotic Asian patients with CHB, TDF therapy was significantly associated with a reduction in the 8-year HCC cumulative incidence rate.
Kingston Fund and the Law

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

I believe that a general practitioner is a specialist in minor ailments, who should know his limitations.He should be praised for detecting the patients needing specialist and hospital care.In fact he should be praised for " signpost- ing" and not subjected to the abuse so evident in your correspondence columns.Personally, I would rather refer patients to hospital than treat the wrong condition at home.-I am, etc., London, W.ll.
Effect of esketamine on haemodynamic fluctuations in patients undergoing hysteroscopic surgery: A prospective, double‐blind randomized clinical trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aims We explored whether esketamine anesthesia during hysteroscopic surgery can reduce intraoperative hemodynamic fluctuations and improve patient benefit. Methods A total of 170 patients undergoing hysteroscopic surgery were enrolled, and 151 patients were finally included in the analysis, among which 19 used vasoactive drugs during surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to either the esketamine anesthesia group (E group) or the sufentanil anesthesia group (S group). The primary outcomes were blood pressure and heart rate during the surgery. Secondary outcomes included resistance to laryngeal mask insertion, demand for propofol and remifentanil, nausea and vomiting, Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale (RASS), dizziness and pain intensity after resuscitation, vasoactive medication treatment, hospitalization time and expenses. Results E group had a more stable heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure than the S group ( p < 0.001). Patients in E group had a higher demand for propofol (p < 0.001) but better RASS scores ( p < 0.001) after resuscitation. The incidence of intraoperative vasoactive medication use was higher in the S group (18.4% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.029). There were no statistically significant differences in terms of resistance to laryngeal mask insertion, remifentanil demand, time required for resuscitation, postoperative pain, dizziness, nausea or vomiting. Conclusions Compared with sufentanil, esketamine‐induced anesthesia during hysteroscopic surgery can reduce intraoperative hemodynamic fluctuations and the incidence of intraoperative vasoactive medication. Although esketamine‐induced anesthesia may increase the demand for propofol during surgery, it does not affect the anesthesia recovery time and the quality of patient recovery is better.
Developmental origin of the rat adenohypophysis prior to the formation of Rathke’s pouch

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT In amphibians, it has already been shown that the adenohypophysis originates from the anterior neural ridge. During the migration and morphogenesis of this organ, the anterior neural ridge transiently forms a Rathke’s pouch- like structure by attaching itself to the rostral tip of the foregut, and finally gives rise to the adenohypophysis by detaching from the foregut and becoming connected to the infundibulum of the hypothalamus. In order to identify the origin of the adenohypophyseal cells in mammalian embryos prior to the formation of Rathke’s pouch (RP), we labeled the rostral end of the neural plate and the adjacent area focally with DiI at the open neurula stage (9.5 dpc). After a 48-hours culture of the whole embryos, strongly labeled cells were detected in the RP only when DiI was applied to a small area situated just anterior to the rostral end of the neural plate. By explanting the labeled RP for a further 7 days, we confirmed immunohistochemically that the labeled cells developed into the secretory cells of the adenohypophysis. The developmental origin of the adenohypophysis is identified for the first time in the early mammalian embryo before the formation of RP.
Clinical analysis on 120 cases with depression and somatized symptoms

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To compare clinical characteristics of depressive patients with somatized symptoms and without somatized symptoms in general hospital.Methods Consecutive outpatients met CCMD-3-R and ICD-10 criteria for depression were evaluated with a semi-constructed schedule,HAMD,HAMA,SCL-90 and as self designed investigating.Results The total scores of HAMD and it's factor scores of anxiety,somatization,retardation and hopelessness in depressive patients with somatized symptoms were significantly higher than those without somatized symptoms.The HAMA total scores and its factor scores of psychotic anxiety and somatizing anxiety,and the factor scores of SCL-90 including somatization,public relation,depression,anxiety and phobia were also significantly higher in patients with somatized patients.Conclusion The somatized symptoms of depressive disorder in general hospital are not only related to depression,but also to anxiety.
High-power LED illumination system for photosynthetic research on potted plant canopies

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The high energy efficiency and radiant flux of high-power LED devices has lead to many new applications of LED lighting. Within the more production oriented applied plant research, there is a need for illumination systems that ensures a high irradiance, spectral control and homogeneous illumination of a large plant canopy to ensure reproducible results over long term measurements. A new high power LED illumination system is presented. It has been designed and developed for illumination of a plant canopy area of 60 x 80 cm2 in a climate chamber where photosynthesis of the whole canopy can be measured. The LED system extends the precise control of the chamber climate with computer control and long term stability of the irradiance and spectral composition of the illumination. High-power red and blue (at 455 and 639 nm) LED devices have been chosen that coincides with the absorption peaks of chlorophyll. The illumination system allows for a maximum irradiance of 6.3 W/cm2 corresponding to a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 300 μmol m-2 s-1. The spectral composition of the light given by the ratio of blue photons compared to the total number of red and blue photons can be adjusted from 0-40 % keeping the irradiance at a constant level. Spectroradiometric 2D grid measurement at the plant top level shows homogeneity of ± 5% of the irradiance and ± 5% of the spectral distribution, over almost the entire canopy area. Initial experiments carried out on Chrysanthemum plants showing the dependence of the photosynthesis on blue light fraction is presented and discussed.
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Sumatra Disease of Clove in Central Java, Indonesia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A wilt clove disease has been reported recently that triggered a widespread devastation among clove plantings in Central Java, Indonesia. In the early stage, the younger leaves showed wilt suddenly, falling from the twig tip of branches in the crown, leaving the twig tip bare. However, older leaves may also turned brown and stay attached to the branches of infected plants. Several causative pathogens have been previously reported; including oomycetes, fungi, and bacteria. The aim of this research was to confirm the pathogen and to characterize the disease from clove plantings in the field. The research involved on morphological characterization, histology of infected plants, and molecular characterization of pathogens based on the endoglucanase (egl) gene. Bacterial ooze was observed on the tip of infected stems, and bacterial colonisation of xylem tissue was observed in the infected plants by cross-sections histology comparison. The pathogenic strain, designated KD1, was isolated from diseased tissue by dilution method and confirmed by Koch’s postulates. It showed hypersensitive reaction positive on tobacco and pathogenic to host plants. Partial egl sequence analysis revealed that the pathogen was closely related to Ralstonia syzygii subsp. syzygii (causative agent of Sumatra disease of clove) with sequence similarity of > 99%.
SH1100852.09FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Detection of serum antibodies against Leptospira spp. in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Grenada, West Indies

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Background and Aim: Leptospirosis is an emerging disease of animals and humans. Among rodents brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are an important reservoir of bacteria Leptospira. There is a paucity of information on reservoirs of Leptospira in Grenada. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of antibodies against Leptospira spp. in brown rats in a densely human populated area of Grenada. Materials and Methods: Blood samples from 169 brown rats were collected and sera screened for antibodies against Leptospira spp. using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Among a total of 169 brown rats trapped in two parishes in Grenada, 77/169 (45.5%) were positive for Leptospira spp. antibodies. A significant difference in seropositive population of brown rats between two collection sites was observed. No differences were found between sex and age of seropositive rats. Conclusion: Due to the close contact of brown rats with humans in Grenada, rats should be considered a high-risk factor in transmission of Leptospira to humans. Appropriate preventive measures should be instituted to prevent the transmission of Leptospira infection to humans.
Fast atom bombardment and collision-induced dissociation of prostaglandins and thromboxanes: Some examples of charge remote fragmentation

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The mass spectra of products found by collisional activation of selected prostaglandins and thromboxanes were studied by tandem mass spectrometry as barium carboxylate salts and as carboxylate anions. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of these closed shell ions generated by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry reveals a wealth of structural information for these hydroxy acids. Decomposition reactions were found to be dependent upon the eicosanoid ring structure and the type of ion being studied, either positive or negative ion. The bariated carboxylate salts undergo reactions by processes that are similar to those previously characterized as charge remote mechanisms in which neutral species are lost as in thermal and photolytic decompositions. The most abundant ion is formed by loss of water from each of the hydroxyl groups present on the prostaglandin or thromboxane structure. For these multifunctionalized eicosanoids, typical patterns of decomposition emerge as characteristic of the oxygen substituents present along the carbon chain of the eicosanoid structure. The structural information obtained from the barium salts along with those from the carboxylate anions is substantially different, yet the structural information from each process is complementary. The CIDs of positive ions (metalated salts) provide structural information concerning the substituents between the carboxyl group and C12 of the eicosanoid structure, whereas the decompositions of the carboxylate anions (negative ion mode) provide data concerning structure alterations of the eicosanoid structure between C15 and C20.
Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Community Access and Utilisation of the Mental Health Service: An Explanation Using Andersen’s Behavioural Model

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Andersen's Behavioural Model of Health Service Use (ABMHSU) is a multilevel model that helps understand the factors influencing health service access and utilisation. This framework is a widely used model for health service use in general, as well as in immigrant populations and vulnerable populations. ABMHSU, in this project, provided a framework to explain how the mental health nurses' cultural competence can influence the Victorian CALD community members' mental health care access and utilisation. A unique model of ABMHSU in the current multiple-method project provided a theoretical framework for examining the factors associated with people from the CALD community accessing mental health services in an Australian context to answer the research questions. The key findings of the research were discussed with reference to the extant literature and with triangulation of research results with the ABMHSU in the context of Victoria. The researchers argue that even though predisposing, enabling, and need factors are necessary to determine whether a person is selected for expert care for mental health issues, these factors alone are insufficient. Ongoing research is essential to ascertain the potential of mental health nurses' cultural competence education and cultural responsiveness in addressing the mental health service access and utilisation of the heterogeneous CALD communities. Additional research is advocated to identify the supplementary factors, as there is a dearth of research exploring the potential of ABMHSU worldwide.
Automatic Extraction of Protein Interaction in Literature

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Protein-protein interaction extraction is the key precondition of the construction of protein knowledge network, and it is very important for the research in the biomedicine. This paper extracted directional protein-protein interaction from the biological text, using the SVM-based method. Experiments were evaluated on the LLL05 corpus with good results. The results show that dependency features are import for the protein-protein interaction extraction and features related to the interaction word are effective for the interaction direction judgment. At last, we analyzed the effects of different features and planed for the next step.