jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Language Education in Russian Universities: Advantages, Vulnerabilities and Risks of Online Teaching

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

At the moment, education systems around the world are taking measures to organize education in the context of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.In most countries many students are transferred to distance learning.Online education provides a wide range of opportunities and prospects for changing and improving educational systems, for which a critical situation creates forced conditions.The article analyzes the problems associated with the use of online learning.The methodological and theoretical foundation of the work is provided by a systematic approach, the concept of social conditioning of language education, the notion of continuous vocational training.When using online courses as a means of teaching a foreign language, we offer both special programs for teaching a language and checking knowledge of vocabulary and grammar, as well as modern authentic materials for teaching reading and listening.In the process of teaching a foreign language, students perform various types of work: they translate foreign texts and articles, make reports, practice creative project activities and prepare presentations.The priority goal of the article is to identify the advantages, vulnerabilities and risks of online learning.It is shown that mass character, the use of modern and interactive technologies belong to the strengths of online learning.However, the absence of direct contact between the teacher and the student does not allow implementing the competence approach in full measure.
ESTIMATION OF THE LYAPUNOV SPECTRUM FROM ONE-DIMENSIONAL OBSERVATIONS USING NEURAL NETWORKS

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper discusses the neural network approach for computing of Lyapunov spectrum using one dimensional time series from unknown dynamical system. Such an approach is based on the reconstruction of attractor dynamics and applying of multilayer perceptron (MLP) for forecasting the next state of dynamical system from the previous one. It allows for evaluating the Lyapunov spectrum of unknown dynamical system accurately and efficiently only by using one observation. The results of experiments are discussed.
Clinic of Hope: bridging infectious disease and orthopaedic surgery in prosthetic joint infection management

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) following total joint arthroplasty are a significant and costly complication. To address fragmented care typically seen with separate management, we established a combined infectious disease and orthopaedic surgery clinic at Duke Health in July 2020. This clinic focuses on patients experiencing acute deterioration or multiple PJI episodes, often at the stage where amputation is the only option offered. From July 2021 to March 2024, the clinic completed 974 visits with 319 unique patients. The clinic maintained a low no-show rate of 5.0%. Treatment plans included procedures such as debridement, antibiotics and implant retention (38%), as well as implant explantation and one-stage exchange (32% each), with amputation required in only 4% of cases. The integrated clinic model facilitated real-time, multidisciplinary care, improving patient outcomes and operational efficiency. This approach offers a promising model for managing complex infections.
Another Brick in the Wall : the role of the actinobacterial cell wall in antibiotic resistance, phylogeny and development

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Streptomyces are
multicellular, Gram-positive bacteria in the phylum of actinobacteria which
produce a high amount of bioactive natural products of which the expression is
tightly coordinated with the life cycle. This thesis shows the identification
of S. roseifaciens, a novel species with an uncommon, verticillate spore
morphology and a unique household of SsgA-like proteins. Analyses of the
peptidoglycan composition show that S. coelicolor show a pattern of 3-3
cross-linking befitting a tip-growing organism and change in composition
between vegetative mycelium and spores. Kitasatosporae carry meso-DAP in the
peptidoglycan of vegetative mycelium and LL-DAP in the peptidoglycan of spores.
In line with this difference, the peptidoglycan architecture of these two
growth stages undergoes such radical changes that they would seem to be from
different species. S. coelicolor is naturally vancomycin resistant, but the
addition of D-alanine and disruption in a single gene increases vancomycin
sensitivity by a thousandfold. A knockout mutant of the alanine racemase, alr,
requires exogenous addition of D-alanine. The Alr crystal structure of S.
coelicolor and the D-cycloserine producer S. lavendulae were compared as to
look for possible mechanisms for D-cycloserine resistance.
Puritans in Babylon: The Ancient Near East and American Intellectual Life, 1880-1930.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

From the 1880s through the 1920s a motley collection of American scholars, soldiers of fortune, institutional bureaucrats, and financiers created the academic fields that give us our knowledge of the ancient Near East. Bruce Kuklick's new book begins with the story of the initial adventure of these determined investigators - a twelve year dig near the Biblical Babylon, at Nippur, conducted at intervals from 1888 through 1900 and bankrolled by the Babylonian Exploration Fund. To unearth tens of thousands of cuneiform tablets, the leaders of this venture faced harsh living conditions in the desert and an academic war of each against all that was quickly begun at the site itself. As their knowledge increased, they risked their personal religious beliefs in the search for historical truth. Kuklick discusses their tribulations to illuminate two contemporary developments: first, the maturation of the American university, particularly in contrast to its German counterpart; and second, the influence of religious-secular conflict on the ways in which Western scholarship appropriated or appreciated cultures. The Nippur expedition spawned unseemly (and entertaining) fights among the University of Pennsylvania, Johns Hopkins, Yale, Harvard, and Chicago for leadership in the study of the ancient Near East - not to mention disagreements with their own developing museums and an international scandal called the Hilprecht controversy. More significant than these quarrels was the concern for the meaning of history displayed in this period of Near Eastern scholarship. The field was linked to Biblical criticism and Judeo-Christian interests and many of the orientalists originally possessed strong religious commitments - which some put aside as they struggled for objectivity. As recent critics have shown,orientalism was an example of the West's ability to appropriate the other for its own purposes. However, Kuklick's study demonstrates that censure of orientalism hinges on modes of argumentation that scholars of the ancient Near East helped to legitimate, and at no small cost to themselves.
Genotypic Analysis of Flow-Sorted and Microdissected Head and Neck Squamous Lesions by Whole-Genome Amplification

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Log in or Register Subscribe to journalSubscribe Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Secondary Logo Journal Logo All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search Toggle navigation Subscribe Register Login Articles & Issues Current IssuePrevious IssuesPublished Ahead-of-Print For Authors Information for AuthorsLanguage Editing Services Journal Info About the JournalEditorial BoardAffiliated SocietyAdvertisingOpen AccessSubscription ServicesReprintsRights and PermissionsMobileNew Features All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search
An Evaluative Review of Theories Related to Animal Cruelty

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract The two dominant theories relating to animal cruelty are critically reviewed. These are (1) the violence graduation hypothesis and (2) the deviance generalization hypothesis. The outcomes indicate very high consistency with the broader antisocial behavior and aggression literature, which is large and very robust. This strongly supports the validity of the animal cruelty theory proposals. Proposals that animal cruelty is one of the earliest indicators of externalizing disorders and that it is a marker of development along a more severe trajectory of antisocial and aggressive behaviors are supported. The implications of these conclusions are discussed.
Memorable Messages of Hard Times: Constructing Short- and Long-Term Resiliencies Through Family Communication

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

We take a communicative and life course theory approach to understanding how resilience is constructed in families. Drawing upon interviews with 20 fathers, 16 mothers, and 23 children who dealt with financial hardship during the 1980s recession, we analyze the messages families communicated about finances when their children were young and how these messages contributed to the development of short- and long-term resiliencies. The family talk and material practices of numbers talk, tightening the belt, sidelining, and preparing, as well as general talk of resiliency, transmitted through the generations a dual-layer of resilience. The first layer involved persisting through the immediate financial crisis. The second dealt with shaping the value systems and attitudes of the younger generation in ways that taught long-term resiliencies they carried into adulthood.
WHY WOMEN'S TWENTY20 CRICKET IS RESPONSIBLE FOR GLOBAL WARMING

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

I'm enjoying watching the Women's Twenty20 World Cup on television in Australia, where I spend seven weeks a year mentoring junior faculty and giving guest lectures when professors want to escape Perth, elude the responsibility of entertaining the great unwashed, or save their souls from preparing one more PowerlessPointless slideshow because today we are all 1970s art historians who just <em> lurv </em> Malevich.
Relationship between learning style and readiness for self-directed learning among nursing students at king Saud university, Saudi Arabia

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Self-directed learning and other prevalent learning styles are important aspects of nursing education because they help nurse educators to predict differences in learners’ needs, abilities, and interests. Moreover, nurse educators depend on these predictors when they choose the most suitable teaching strategies, which enable them to manage adult learners effectively. This study’s objective is to explore the relationship between learning styles and the willingness to adopt self-directed learning among nursing students in King Saud University (KSU). Using a cross-sectional descriptive correlational design, the study was conducted with 230 undergraduate nursing students (female and male) from the third to eighth academic levels at the College of Nursing at KSU, Saudi Arabia. Kolb’s learning styles inventory and the self-directed learning readiness scale were adopted to determine the effects of the self-directed learning approach. The study’s findings suggested that the majority of nursing students had a “Diverging” style of learning. The “self-control” subscale was used to determine the willingness for self-directed learning. It recorded the highest mean score compared to the subscales of “self-management” and “desire for learning.” However, no statistically significant association was found between learning styles and self-directed learning readiness. Additionally, the findings showed that the majority of the students who participated in this study had little interest in the self-directed learning approach. Thus, this study recommends that the nursing faculty needs to assess students for their preferred learning style and readiness for self-directed learning before and throughout the students’ enrollment in the college. Further, the nursing faculty should apply a variety of teaching methods to manage students’ learning needs effectively.
Digital adherence technologies to improve tuberculosis treatment outcomes in China: a cluster-randomised superiority trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Drug-sensitive tuberculosis treatment requires 6 months of therapy, so adherence problems are common. Digital adherence technologies might improve tuberculosis treatment outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the effect of a daily reminder medication monitor, monthly review of adherence data by the health-care provider, and differentiated care for patients with adherence issues, on tuberculosis treatment adherence and outcomes.We did a cluster-randomised superiority trial across four prefectures in China. 24 counties or districts (clusters) were randomly assigned (1:1) to intervention or control groups. We enrolled patients aged 18 years or older with GeneXpert-positive, rifampicin-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis, who were receiving daily fixed-dose combination treatment. Patients in the intervention group received a medication monitor for daily drug-dosing reminders, monthly review of adherence data by health-care provider, and management of poor adherence; and patients in the control group received routine care (silent-mode monitor-measured adherence). Only the independent endpoints review committee who assessed endpoint data for some participants were masked to study group assignment. Patients were followed up (with sputum solid culture) at 12 and 18 months. The primary outcome was a composite of death, loss to follow-up, treatment failure, switch to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment, or tuberculosis recurrence by 18 months from treatment start, analysed in the intention-to-treat population. Analysis accounted for study design with multiple imputation for the primary outcome. This trial is now complete and is registered with ISRCTN, 35812455.Between Jan 26, 2017, and April 3, 2019, 15 257 patients were assessed for eligibility and 3074 were enrolled, 2686 (87%) of whom were included in the intention-to-treat population. 1909 (71%) of 2686 patients were male, 777 (29%) were female, and the median age was 44 years (IQR 29-58). By 18 months from treatment start, using multiple imputation for missing outcomes, 239 (16% [geometric mean of cluster-level proportion]) of 1388 patients in the control group and 224 (16%) of 1298 in the intervention group had a primary composite outcome event (289 [62%] of 463 events were loss to follow-up during treatment and 42 [9%] were tuberculosis recurrence). The intervention had no effect on risk of the primary composite outcome (adjusted risk ratio 1·01, 95% CI 0·73-1·40).Our digital medication monitor intervention had no effect on unfavourable outcomes, which included loss to follow-up during treatment, tuberculosis recurrence, death, and treatment failure. There was a failure to change patient management following identification of treatment non-adherence at monthly reviews. A better understanding of adherence patterns and how they relate to poor outcomes, coupled with a more timely review of adherence data and improved implementation of differentiated care, may be required.Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Trait Association and Path Coefficient analysis of Burmese Grape (Baccaurea sapida Muell. Arg.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This experiment was conducted to select the suitable yield and yield contributing characters of twenty-five burmese grape genotypes by correlation coefficient and path coefficient analysis. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed that fruits yield per plant (kg.) had a highly significant positive correlation with base girth (0.68), canopy spreading at east-west direction (0.65), Canopy spreading at north-south direction (0.54) and plant height (0.52). Fruits yield per plant (kg.) showed a significant positive correlation with the weight of seeds per fruit (0.5) and the number of seeds per fruit (0.42) which indicated that yield could be increased by the emphasis upon these traits. The number of fruits per plant (1.067) showed the highest positive direct effect on fruits yield per plant and the considerable positive direct effect observed in fruit length (0.715) followed by plant height (0.566), base girth (0.341), edible percentage (0.329) and canopy spreading at north-south direction (0.275) and most other traits linked upon fruit yield per tree have indirect contribution within these traits. Therefore, it might be assumed that these traits could be considered as the most significant yield contributing traits in Burmese grape to develop improved quality and high yielding burmese grape variety.
FINANCIAL PLANNING GUIDE FOR TRANSIT. FINAL REPORT

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The Financial Planning Guide for Transit presents the details of the overall financial planning process and the procedures that make up the process. The Guide is designed to aid public agencies and interested private parties in the preparation of comprehensive and realistic financial plans--for new capital investments, recapitalization efforts, and the ongoing operation of existing services. The major elements of the Guide are: definition of the financial planning process, including the relationship between financial analysis and other planning functions, procedures for identifying sources of revenue, administrative/institutional arrangements and responsibilities in transit financing, and the types of information needed at each planning level; identification of how cost and revenue projections are developed for financial planning purposes, including identification of financial forecasting techniques, selection and projection of new sources of revenue, and performance of sensitivity analyses; and description of the development and implementation of a financial plan, including discussion of market financing mechanisms and requirements, how dedicated revenue sources and market financing programs are developed, the development of financing packages, and performance of financial capability analysis. The Guide has been designed to be useful both in meeting UMTA's planning and reporting requirements (e.g., in demonstrating financial capacity) and in guiding agencies in evaluating and addressing their own financing needs either in providing the local match to Federal funds or in developing sufficient financing to proceed without Federal funds, if such an approach is considered feasible.
Adaptability to various growth conditions and Anti-Biofilm efficacy of Garlic and Manuka honey on Carbapenem resistant bacteria associated with Urinary Tract Infection

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common form of bacterial infections and can be caused by several types of Gram-negative bacteria including Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli. In recent years, the emergence of carbapenem (the last-resort of antibiotic currently available) resistance among UTIs has challenged healthcare units worldwide and initiated the demand for alternative antimicrobials. It has been reported the hyper resistance activity of these pathogens are closely associated with their adaptability to different growth conditions and their efficacy of Biofilm formation. Bacteria form biofilms that allow their survival in hostile environments. The amount of formed biofilm is affected by external environmental factors. \nThis study investigates the effect of specific parameters such as different growth media, incubation condition, and different growth stage on the amount of biofilm production in Carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli IMP-type) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (OXA-48, NDM-1, and KPC-3). The amount of biofilm formed was measured at different time points, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours of incubations, different growth conditions, static and shaking and also, investigated the Biofilm formation efficacy of different growth media, nutrient broth, LB broth, and AB broth). Results indicated that there there was a significant difference in biofilm level (p<0.01) when grown under different types of media. Growing under different incubation conditions. Stage of growth of the same species also showed the statistical difference, 30 out of 30 tests (100%) for E. coli and 30 out of 30 tests (100%) for K. pneumoniae. \nFurthermore, we investigated the effect of known anti-microbials, Garlic and Manuka honey on biofilm formation of these carbapenem resistant strains on different growth media. Our preliminary results showed that both Garlic extract and Manuka honey were effective against Carbapenem sresistant E. coli and K. pneumonia and demonstrated 20-30mg/ml of MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) for all the test stains. Collectively these findings suggested that biofilm formation is highly affected by incubation conditions, strains’ stage of growth, and media type demonstrating that these conditions may play a role in adaptability of these UTI pathogens on different environmental conditions and their increased prevalence in biofilm associated infections. Additionaly, natural antimicrobials, Garlic and Manuka honey has anti-biofilm efficacy and pave path to identifying alternative anti-microbial therapy on these Carbapenem resistant UTI pathogens.
Optimization of Interconnected Natural Gas and Power Systems Using Mathematical Programs with Complementarity Constraints

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The demand for thermal power generation from natural gas has increased globally due to its cleaner burning properties compared to other fossil fuels. Optimizing the gas flow through the network to meet this demand is challenging due to the nonconvex Weymouth equation constraining gas flow and nodal pressures in pipelines. Traditional methods for addressing this nonconvexity lead to significant approximation errors or high operational costs. This study poses the Weymouth constraint as a Mathematical Programming with Complementarity Constraints (MPCC) for an optimal gas flow problem. The complementarity constraints reformulate the discontinuous sign function using binary-behaving continuous variables. This MPCC-based approach avoids solving mixed-integer programming problems while enhancing the accuracy of conventional linear and second-order approximations. Testing the approach on various interconnected systems, including Colombia’s national gas transportation grid, demonstrated significant reductions in Weymouth approximation errors, thereby supporting effective optimization for interconnected networks.