jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Acoustic granular materials with pore size distribution close to log-normal

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The water suction method is used to determine the parameters of the pore size distribution of a representative selection of loose and consolidated granular materials. It is shown that the experimentally determined pore size distribution in granular materials is often close to log-normal. The low- and high-frequency asymptotic behavior of the Biot viscosity correction function for media with log-normal pore size distribution is investigated and used to develop a simple rational approximation. This approximation is used to predict accurately the acoustic characteristic impedance and propagation constant for this class of materials. Unlike many available theoretical models for the acoustic properties of porous media which involve empirical shape factors, the proposed approximation is based entirely on four routinely measurable nonacoustic parameters: the porosity, flow resistivity, tortuosity, and the standard deviation of the pore size. The theoretical predictions for the acoustic surface impedance and absorption coefficient of loose and consolidated granulates are compared against the experimental results. A good agreement is obtained throughout the considered frequency range. [The authors are grateful to the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) in the UK (Grant GR/L54905) for the support of this work. The authors would like to thank Dr. P. Leclaire for his help with the water suction experiments.]
Plasma Diagnostics and Characterizations of Al-Doped ZnO Films Deposited with Low Temperature Sputtering Process

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Facing targets sputtering (FTS) is known to be one of the promising magnetron sputtering systems for low temperature processes, because of the significant reduction of damage in the film structure, by the suppression of impinging high energy particles. In this study, FTS was compared with conventional magnetron sputtering (CMS), by various plasma diagnostics methods and film analysis. The sputtering target used was ZnO:Al (2%). OES was used to study the emission spectroscopy of process plasma. Ion current densities and the temperatures on the substrate were measured, to compare FTS with CMS. A coplanar-type Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) was utilized to measure the gas temperatures of Zn atoms, by Doppler broadening of the corresponding emission lines. Gas temperatures of Zn of FTS were measured to be lower, in the range of 200–300 K, compared with those of CMS. Film analysis showed that quality films can be synthesized at low temperature with rf powered FTS.
Thyroid Incidentalomas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background:

Thyroid nodules are commonly identified on autopsy examination. There are relatively few descriptions, however, of the frequency with which thyroid nodules are encountered incidentally during the course of other investigations.

Method:

Prospective study to examine the prevalence of thyroid nodules in asymptomatic North American subjects, with palpation findings compared with findings on high-resolution ultrasonography.

Results:

Palpable nodules were identified in 21 (21%) of 100 subjects, with nine solitary nodules (9%) and 12 multiple nodules (12%). In comparison, only 33 subjects were found to be free of any nodules by ultrasonography. Of the 67 subjects with abnormal ultrasound findings, 22 had solitary nodules (22%) and 45 had multiple nodules (45%). The prevalence of nodules was greater in women (72%) than in men (41%) (P<.02). A concordance rate of 49% was noted between ultrasound and findings by palpation.

Conclusions:

The data indicate that thyroid abnormalities are very common incidental findings, emphasizing the need for a conservative approach when such lesions are encountered incidentally. (Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:1838-1840)
Islamic Finance and Economic Growth: New Evidence

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

While extensive work has shown that conventional banking development is generally conducive to economic growth, there are only a limited number of studies that investigate the impact of Islamic banking. Importantly, the literature on conventional banking claims that a reverse causality from economy performance to banking may exists, but existing studies on Islamic banking fail to address this potential endogeneity problem. This paper tackles this problem and explores the relationship between Islamic banking development and economic performance in a sample of 32 developed and developing countries based on data spanning the 2000 to 2016 period. The findings show that, although Islamic banks are considered small relative to the total size of the financial sector, Islamic banking is positively correlated with economic growth even after controlling for financial structure, macroeconomic factors and other variables. The outcome is robust across different econometric specifications like pooling OLS, fixed effects, panel data with over-identified GMM, and dynamic difference GMM. The results are confirmed on two different indicators of Islamic banking and hold for different time periods.
Comparative Theology as a Postcolonial Hermeneutics: A Global Historical Approach to the Encounter between Augustinian Christianity and Tiantai Buddhism

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

abstract: Comparative theology aims at seeing one's own tradition and the other in light of each other, which calls for a solid methodological foundation. Comparative theology can benefit from a global historical approach that involves the hermeneutic project of tracing historical trajectories of reinterpreting ancient traditions comparatively and the postcolonial project of enhancing non-Western voices of self-articulation. This essay shows how modern reinterpretations of Augustinian Christianity and Tiantai Buddhism can reframe their ancient doctrines, drawing on relevant philosophical strands from Martin Heidegger, Hannah Arendt, Teruji Ishizu (石津 照璽), and Keiji Nishitani (西谷 啓治).
BRGenomics for analyzing high-resolution genomics data in R

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Summary I present here the R/Bioconductor package BRGenomics, which provides fast and flexible methods for post-alignment processing and analysis of high-resolution genomics data within an interactive R environment. Utilizing GenomicRanges and other core Bioconductor packages, BRGenomics provides various methods for data importation and processing, read counting and aggregation, spike-in and batch normalization, re-sampling methods for robust ‘metagene’ analyses, and various other functions for cleaning and modifying sequencing and annotation data. Simple yet flexible, the included methods are optimized for handling multiple datasets simultaneously, make extensive use of parallel processing, and support multiple strategies for efficiently storing and quantifying different kinds of data, including whole reads, quantitative single-base data, and run-length encoded coverage information. BRGenomics has been used to analyze ATAC-seq, ChIP-seq/ChIP-exo, PRO-seq/PRO-cap, and RNA-seq data; is built to be unobtrusive and maximally compatible with the Bioconductor ecosystem; is extensively tested; and includes complete documentation, examples, and tutorials. Availability and implementation BRGenomics is an R package distributed through Bioconductor (https://bioconductor.org/packages/BRGenomics). Full documentation with examples and tutorials are available online (https://mdeber.github.io).
On the quadrupole anisotropy of the microwave background in the far-infrared

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

view Abstract Citations (16) References (14) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS On the quadrupole anisotropy of the microwave background in the far-infrared Ceccarelli, C. ; Melchiorri, F. ; Pietranera, L. ; Dalloglio, G. ; Melchiorri, B. Abstract Infrared data on large-scale anisotropy have been analyzed with spherical harmonics formalism. We have found Q2 and Q5 terms are above the noise. Because of the high degree of correlation between the two terms, we consider only their sum as significant (Q2 + Q5 = 0.7±0.2). A substantial fraction, if not all, of the Q5 term is due to an extended infrared source at 1" = 285 and b" = 75 (Virgo cluster). The possibility of having detected the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the Virgo cluster is discussed. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: September 1982 DOI: 10.1086/160269 Bibcode: 1982ApJ...260..484C Keywords: Anisotropic Media; Background Radiation; Cosmic Rays; Far Infrared Radiation; Microwaves; Quadrupoles; Data Processing; Radiation Sources; Spherical Harmonics; Virgo Galactic Cluster; Space Radiation full text sources ADS |
A novel cuproptosis-related lncRNA prognostic signature for predicting treatment and immune environment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<abstract> <p>Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an urgent public health issue due to its poor prognosis and resistance to anti-cancer agents. However, the role of cuproptosis, a newly identified form cell death, in applications of HNSCC is still not a known. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing data was used to explore cuproptosis-related gene expression in the tumour microenvironment. A prognostic model was constructed based on the cuproptosis-related lncRNA. Various methods were performed to predict the overall survival (OS) of different risk score patients and explore difference in enrichment function and pathways between the risk score patients. Finally, a series of immunogenomic landscape analyses were performed and evaluated the immune function, immune infiltration and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. Cancer cell cluster expressed the essential cuproptosis-related gene. As the risk score increased of HNSCC patients, a significant decrease in survival status and time occurred for patients in the high-risk score patient. The AUC for predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-years OS were 0.679, 0.713 and 0.656, indicating that the model regarded as an independent prognostic signature in comparison with the clinical-pathological characteristics. As a results of GO, the immune function and immune infiltration of different risk score patients were assessed, revealing significant differences in T cell function and abundance of different types of T cells. Low-risk score patients are relatively insensitive to chemotherapy agents such as docetaxel and cisplatin, and easily resistant to immunotherapy. A cuproptosis-related lncRNA prognostic model was constructed to predict OS of HNSCC patients and provided the newly therapeutic strategies.</p> </abstract>
Assessment of Usability of Thermal Bicarbonate Mineral Waterfrom the “Odra-5/I” Intake in Grabin Opole Silesia (SW Poland)for Therapeutic and Prophylactic Purposes

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Thermal bicarbonate mineral water belong to sought-after balneological resources. This kind of water are a balneological product and valuable raw material used in health resorts for the wider health strategy - prophylaxis and recreation. The discovery of thermal bicarbonate mineral water in Grabin near Opole in 1983 was purely incidental when a intake was made for the recognition of the geological structure of the crystalline basement of Mesozoic and Cenozoic sediments. Thermal bicarbonate mineral water existing in Grabin can be found in the Fore-Sudetic block and is a unique phenomenon. Its chemical composition, and especially high total mineral salt content of the waters from Grabin, indicate a type of mineral water unparalleled in Poland. The content of solids is much higher than in all other waters existing in e.g. Lower Silesian health resorts. Its special feature is also the source performance, which is 150-200m3/h and is unprecedented when compared to other sources in the region. The discovery of thermal bicarbonate mineral water in Grabin also puts a new light on the presence of perspective areas for drawing waters useful in medical care and prevention.
The Arguments in the Phaedo Concerning the Thesis that the Soul is a Harmonia 1

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter elucidates the thesis proposed in the Phaedo that the soul is a harmonia (organization, attunement), and examines Socrates' arguments against it. It concludes that the thesis in the text is indeterminate between the alternatives that the soul is a) a mathematical ratio of bodily elements; b) the state of being in that ratio; or c) some entity dependent on the bodily elements' being in that ratio. Socrates brings two arguments against the thesis. The first is that it is inconsistent with the account of knowledge as recollection, which was accepted earlier; the second is that from the thesis it follows that no soul is better or worse than any other, which is absurd. It is argued that the second argument fails because it confuses different kinds of organization.
Stimulation of lipid peroxidation and impairment of glutathione‐dependent defence system in the liver of rats repeatedly treated with carbon tetrachloride

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract To study the effect of carbon tetrachloride treatment on hepatic lipid peroxidation and glutathione‐dependent defence system, rats were injected with carbon tetrachloride (0.2 ml/kg body weight, i.p.) twice weekly for a period of 4 weeks. Carbon tetrachloride treatment caused a significant increase in hepatic lipid peroxide levels and significant decreases in hepatic glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase activities. These results show that chronic carbon tetrachloride administration to rats leads to the stimulation of hepatic lipid peroxidation, which seems to be the consequence of impaired cellular defence by glutathione and glutathione‐related enzymes.
Gait Modelling Analysis for Asthma Prediction (GMAAP) Based on an Evolutionary Algorithm Optimization in Children

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Demonstrating and assessment of human gait designs is the reason for both walk appraisal and stride recovery. Numerous clinical gait labs utilize the customary gait examination model which uses Direct Kinematics for joint kinematic computations; while, musculoskeletal models principally utilized for study, utilize Inverse Kinematics. In this article we have proposed a novel model for the Gait Modelling Analysis for Asthma Prediction Based on an evolutionary algorithm optimization in children. The proposed methodology for GMAAP for best optimal information and here we have also used clustering algorithm to reduce elapsed time of system.
Learning Generalized Causal Structure in Time-series

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The science of causality explains/determines 'cause-effect' relationship between the entities of a system by providing mathematical tools for the purpose. In spite of all the success and widespread applications of machine-learning (ML) algorithms, these algorithms are based on statistical learning alone. Currently, they are nowhere close to 'human-like' intelligence as they fail to answer and learn based on the important "Why?" questions. Hence, researchers are attempting to integrate ML with the science of causality. Among the many causal learning issues encountered by ML, one is that these algorithms are dumb to the temporal order or structure in data. In this work we develop a machine learning pipeline based on a recently proposed 'neurochaos' feature learning technique (ChaosFEX feature extractor), that helps us to learn generalized causal-structure in given time-series data.
Innovation audit of a consumer electronics multi-national corporation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This dissertation aims to find out the innovativeness of a Consumer Electronics Multi-National Corporation. An Integrative Model of Innovation in Organizations and a survey instrument developed to validate data collection from the organization; had been proposed by Mr. H. K. Tang. To achieve this aim, agreement was obtained from the company's top management on the proposed audit. Ten departments were selected for this audit. Seven were product development departments and the rest were support departments.
An EHV Transformer Fault Diagnosis Method based on Acoustic Perception and Pseudo-Labels Intensive Training-CNN

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The importance of power transformers is more prominent in the context of EHV grid interconnection, and their state health is the basis of grid operation stability. The classic ways of monitoring transformer faults all have some impact on the transformer. Consider incorporating acoustic detection without transformer outage detection and placement of intrusive sensors. Meanwhile, in order to solve the problem of insufficient labeling of test data, an EHV transformer fault diagnosis method based on acoustic perception and pseudo labels intensive training-CNN is proposed in combination with semi-supervised training. First, the convolutional neural network is trained to ensure the classification accuracy of the model using deep learning ideas. Then, the pseudo-labels idea is introduced and the intensive training mechanism is proposed to improve the classification accuracy of the model again. Finally, the transformer acoustic data are processed and integrated as a way to validate the model performance. Experiments show that the proposed model can further improve the classification performance of the model by using the pseudo-labels intensive training mechanism on the basis of ensuring the classification accuracy. The final accuracy rate can reach more than 92.4 percent.
Sex-dependent survivorship in periostin knockout mice post-myocardial infarction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A major etiology of heart failure (HF) is ischemic heart disease with attendant myocardial infarction (MI). HF is characterized by remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Periostin (POSTN) secreted by myofibroblasts, is a profibrotic matricellular protein that is known to be reexpressed in the adult heart after pathological insult. Following MI in both human and mouse heart, periostin is secreted in the infarcted adult heart between days 3 and 4 in the un-infarcted myocardium. periostin is secreted from myofibroblasts to support wound healing but also contributes to pathological cardiac hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and ventricular remodeling after HF. While it is known that male mice lacking the Postn gene have a low survival rate after MI as a result of ventricular rupture, the survival rate for female mice lacking periostin has not been addressed. Postn knockout (KO) mice were generated by homozygous knock-in of MerCreMer cDNA cassette (PostnMCM/MCM) to delete exon number 1 which encodes the signal peptide that promotes periostin secretion. The effect of the deletion was confirmed by western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for mRNA. Following the surgical induction of MI, the survival rate of female mice was 88% (+/- 6.5%) 3 days post-MI compared to 22.2% (+/- 9.8%) the age-matched male group (***P<0.001) by log-rank test. The deaths of these mice were associated with left ventricular rupture. Furthermore, female survival rate was 68% (+/- 9.3%) at 7 days post-MI compared to 22.2% (+/- 0.0%) in males (***P<0.001). We extended the observation of groups to 14 days (for females only) and the survival rate remained at 68% (+/- 0.0%). For the first time, we show that female mice with Postn KO have significantly higher survival rate after MI compared to male mice. We conclude that periostin release in the myocardium is required for acute cardiac wound healing and maintenance of the integrity of the left ventricular wall after MI. There is a significantly higher dependency of periostin expression in males than in females. Further investigation is required to shed light on the mechanism of the sex-dependent differential survival rate after MI in Postn KO mice.
Core Competence, Distinctive Competence, and Competitive Advantage: What Is the Difference?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract Core competence, distinctive competence, and competitive advantage are 3 of the most important business concepts that managers, researchers, and educators rely on for decision making, pedagogy, and research. However, little attention has been paid to defining these concepts. As a result, they have become buzzwords that are used so frequently that their meanings are often taken for granted but are not fully understood. In this article, the author reviews the evolution of these concepts in business literature and provides comprehensive definitions, conceptual models, and examples to help clarify and distinguish the concepts so that failures of communication can be avoided. Keywords: competenciescompetitive advantagestrategy
Cloning, subcloning and recombination of VP2 gene of canine parvovirus intobaculoviral shuttle vector enabling its expression in insect cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The VP2 protein of canine parvovirus (CPV) is the main part of capsid and attachment ligands for entry into specific and cancerous cells through transferrin receptors (TfRs). Expression of VP2 alone results in assembly of a typically-sized virus like particle (VLP) in insect cells for therapeutic purposes. So, in this research our purpose was to construct a recombinant bacmid shuttle vector expressing VP2 of CPV using site-specific transposition mechanism in Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system. The full-length of CPV-VP2 gene (1755 bp) was isolated by PCR amplification using specific primers and cloned firstly into RBC T/A cloning vector and then subcloned into the corresponding restriction sites of pFastBac1 donor plasmid vector. Then the accuracy of cloning process in these vectors was evaluated by PCR and enzymatic digestion analysis. Then the confirmed pVP2FastBac1 plasmid was transferred into E. coli DH10Bac competent cells and the site-specific transposition of VP2 into bacmid shuttle vector was accomplished using the helper plasmid. Finally, the accuracy of transposition process was evaluated by a PCR panel using specific primers and PUC/M13 universal primers. Cloning, subcloning and recombination of VP2 gene of canine parvovirus into baculoviral shuttle vector were performed and confirmed successfully. In other words, VP2-containing recombinant bacmid was constructeed successfully. In this study, we used the Bac-to-Bac system for site-specific transposition of VP2 gene from pVP2FastBac1 to baculovirus derived bacmid shuttle vector. The constructed recombinant bacmid can express recombinant VP2 protein in insect cells.
Orbital evolution of the distant satellites of the giant planets

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We study the evolution of several distant satellite orbits. These are the orbits (including the improved ones)of the recently discovered Neptunian satellites S/2002 N1, N2, N3, N4; S/2003 N1 and the orbits of Jovian, Saturnian, and Uranian satellites with librational variations in the argument of the pericenter: S/2001 J10 (Euporie), S/2003 J20; S/2000 S5 (Kiviuq), S/2000 S6 (Ijiraq), and S/2003 U3. The study is performed using mainly an approximate numerical-analytical method. We determine the extreme eccentricities and inclinations as well as the periods of the variations in the arguments of pericenters and longitudes of the ascending nodes on time intervals ∼105−106 yr. We compare our results with those obtained by numerically integrating the rigorous equations of satellite motion on time intervals of the order of the circulation periods of the longitudes of the ascending nodes (102−103 yr).