jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Phase II study of tasquinimod in chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC): Safety and efficacy analysis including subgroups.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

126 Background: Tasquinimod (TASQ) is an oral quinoline-3-carboxamide derivative that binds to S100A9 and displays anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activity in prostate cancer (PC) models. In a randomized blinded phase II study, 206 (136 TASQ, 70 placebo [P]) men with metastatic castrate resistant (CRPC) were assigned to TASQ/P once-daily at an initial dose level of 0.25 mg/day escalating to 1.0 mg/day over 4 weeks. The primary endpoint to demonstrate an improvement in PCWG2 criteria-defined progression at 6 months was met and presented at ASCO 2010. This abstract provides an update on safety and efficacy including CRPC subgroups. Methods: Subgroups of patients based on baseline criteria were investigated for safety using NCI CTC v 3.0 criteria, PK and efficacy. Results: 201 (134 TASQ, 67 P) pts with a median age of 72.6 years received treatment and were evaluable for efficacy and safety. The updated analysis based on 5 additional PFS events confirmed an improved PFS of 7.6 vs. 3.3 months for pts on TASQ vs. P. Most progression events in both arms were radiological, but more pts progressed on bone scan in the P group. Radiographic PFS was 8.8 vs 4.4 months. Significant PFS improvements were observed in the PCWG2 risk groups with bone metastatic and visceral disease. TASQ treatment led to a transient increase in inflammatory lab markers such as CRP and fibrinogen, as well as asymptomatic increases in amylase/lipase. CRP increase was associated with adverse events (AEs) such as muscle and joint pain, while increased amylase was associated with a lower risk for gastrointestinal AEs. TASQ treatment was associated with anaemia, but did not affect CV risk factors such as hypertension or QTc prolongation, and the rate of composite cardiac events was acceptably low. Clearance of TASQ is decreased with age (1.4 % per year) and patients over 80 often required dose reduction due to increased exposure and toxicities. Conclusions: TASQ improved PFS in men with metastatic CRPC. Side effects are manageable and seem to correlate with laboratory markers. Individualized dosing based on tolerability is recommended and a phase III placebo-controlled study is being initiated. [Table: see text]
Border‐like cell formation mediated by SgPG1 confers aluminum resistance in Stylosanthes guianensis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY Stylosanthes is an important forage legume in tropical areas with strong resistance to aluminum (Al) toxicity, though knowledge of mechanisms underlying this resistance remains fragmentary. We found that border‐like cells (BLCs) were constitutively produced surrounding the root tips of all 54 examined Stylosanthes guianensis genotypes, but not the Stylosanthes viscose genotype TF0140. In genotypic comparisons under Al conditions, the S. guianensis genotype RY#2 retained significantly more Al in BLCs and thereby showed higher relative root growth than TF0140. Formation of BLCs accompanied changes in cell wall pectin epitopes and differential expression of genes involved in pectin metabolism, including a polygalacturonase ( SgPG1 ). The expression pattern of SgPG1 was consistent with the formation of BLCs in both RY#2 and TF0140. SgPG1 was localized in cell walls and exhibited high activities mediating demethyl‐esterified homogalacturonan degradation. Overexpressing SgPG1 changed cell wall pectin epitopes, enhanced BLCs production, and Al resistance in both Arabidopsis and Stylosanthes hairy roots. Furthermore, combining protein‐DNA binding assays in vitro and in vivo , a bHLH transcription factor SgbHLH19 was demonstrated to be the upstream regulator of SgPG1 . Our study demonstrates that S. guianensis Al resistance mainly relies on BLCs, whose formation involves cell wall pectin epitope modification by SgPG1.
Pediatrik kolesteatomda cerrahi tedavi sonuçlarımız

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate surgical techniques and obtained outcomes in pediatric cholesteatoma. Patients and Methods: A total of 62 patients 41 males, 21 females; mean age 13 years; range 3 to 17 years diagnosed as pediatric cholesteatoma between January 1998 and December 2014 were enrolled into the study. Of the patients, canal wall down CWD mastoidectomy was performed in 31, canal wall up CWU mastoidectomy in 13, inside-out ISO mastoidectomy in eight, and tympanoplasty in 10. Surgical approaches, staging, hearing outcomes, relapse status, and surgical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Cholesteatoma recurred in seven patients 11% . Recurrence rates for CWU and CWD mastoidectomies were 31% and 6%, respectively. While the number of patients with good serviceable hearing pure-tone average ≤25 dB was 10 preoperatively, it became 16 postoperatively. Ossicular erosion was higher in CWD group. Twenty-nine patients 47% had extensive disease and CWD mastoidectomy was performed in 86% of these. Number of patients not requiring care was 45 72.6% . Conclusion: In this study, we observed no differences in terms of good serviceable hearing between CWU and CWD mastoidectomies. The preferred method was mainly CWD in patients with extensive disease and ossicular erosion. Recurrence rates were higher in CWU group. Therefore, ISO or CWD mastoidectomy come to the forefront as appropriate treatment options in the treatment of pediatric cholesteatomas according to the extensiveness of disease.
A circuit for linearly decreasing temperature SET programming of PCM based on Ge-rich GST

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Phase Change Memory (PCM) is the most mature among back-end emerging non-volatile memory concepts. In order to enable embedded PCM applications, the thermal properties of the chalcogenide material have to be boosted, by optimizing its stoichiometry. Ge enrichment of Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 (GST) has been proved to be promising for improving the thermal stability of the technology, but also demonstrates an increase of the low-resistance state (LRS) resistivity as well as a larger resistance drift of this state towards higher resistance over time. This phenomenon can be minimized if an appropriate programming voltage pulse is applied, capable of providing a linearly decreasing temperature profile in the active region of the memory device. In this paper, we discuss the LRS resistance increase of PCM cells based on Ge-rich GST and present a programming voltage profile that is capable of generating a linearly decreasing temperature in the memory cell. A circuit that can generate the desired voltage waveform is presented and simulated in order to prove the functionality of the proposed solution.
Quality of life in schizophrenic patients: the influence of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and satisfaction with social support

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective To evaluate the relationship of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and satisfaction with social support with the quality of life of schizophrenic patients. Methodology This study included a sample of 268 participants. An interview was conducted to obtain sociodemographic and clinical data, supplemented with two assessment tools used to evaluate quality of life (World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument-Abbreviated version – WHOQOL-Bref) and satisfaction with social support (Social Support Satisfaction Scale – SSSS). Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed. Results Most individuals were male (63.4%), with a mean age of 45.4 years, single (85.4%), living with their family (62.3%) and unemployed (90.3%). As for clinical characteristics, most had the disease for less than 20 years (50.7%), and 55.6% had at least one hospitalization within the last 5 years. Being employed and having had no hospitalization within the last 5 years were positively correlated with one or more WHOQOL-Bref domains. The results of the variables intimacy (p<0.001) and satisfaction with friends (p<0.001) were independently related to the total WHOQOL-Bref score. Conclusion Having a job, having had no hospitalization within the last 5 years and having greater satisfaction with social support are factors that positively influence quality of life among schizophrenics. It is therefore crucial that the psychosocial rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia take these factors into account, increasing the support network, preventing relapses and promoting occupational activities.
An Improved Image Classification Based In Feature Extraction From Convolutional Neural Network: Application To Flower Classification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays, deep learning techniques are increasingly growing in machine vision for object recognition, segmentation, classification, and so on, in a wide variety of applications. In this study, we apply the convolutional neural network (CNN) to flower classification. For this purpose, we firstly increase the data with the augmentation techniques and use them in the pre-trained CNN models in which classification part is removed and instead of it, we use global average pooling (GAP) in the last layer for extracting their features. The features obtained from these models are concatenated, and then we use a support vector machine (SVM) as classifier for the flower classification. We use the Oxford 102 flower and the Oxford 17 flower datasets in our experiments. By applying this method, we achieve 96.47% classification accuracy for the Oxford 102 flower and 97.64% classification accuracy for the Oxford 17 flower. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed strategy and perform more accurate classification than the traditional methods.
EXPRESSIVE UTTERANCES FOUND IN SUPER NANNY EPISODE OF MINYON FAMILY

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Dalam skripsi ini dibahas ujaran-ujaran ekspresif yang digunakan semua peserta dalam acara Super Nanny Episode of Minyon Family. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan bentuk-bentuk ujaran ekspresif dan mengidentifikasi kategori-kategori ujaran ekspresif. Data penelitian adalah ujaran-ujaran ekspresif yang dikumpulkan dan diseleksi dengan metode simak dengan teknik simak bebas libat cakap dan teknik catat. Semua ujaran-ujaran ekspresif dalam acara Super Nanny Episode of Minyon Family disimak dan ditranskripsikan langsung oleh penulis. Data dianalisis dengan memakai metode padan pragmatik dan menghubungkannya dengan teori bentuk-bentuk ujaran ekspresif yang diajukan oleh Yule (1996) dan Shopen (2007), teori kategori-kategori ujaran ekspresif oleh Ronan (2015), serta teori konteks oleh Leech (1983). Hasil analisis data dipresentasikan dengan bentuk deskriptif dan dianalisis secara argumentatif serta direkapitulasikan ke dalam tabel. Dari hasil analisis data ditemukan bentuk-bentuk ujaran ekspresif yaitu declarative form (14), exclamation form (5), imperative form (1) interrogative form (1). Bentuk ujaran ekspresif yang dominan digunakan adalah declarative form karena semua peserta dalam video ini seringkali memberikan pernyataan-pernyataan dalam mengekpresikan perasaannya. Adapun kategori-kategori ujaran ekspresif yang ditemukan yaitu Agreement (1), Disagreement (3), Volition (3), Thanking (1), Apologizing (2), Non-directed Complaints in Exclamations (3), Sorrow (5), and Greeting (3). Kategori ujaran ekspresif yang dominan digunakan adalah Sorrow karena semua peserta seringkali mengekspresikan kesedihannya ketika melihat tingkah laku Skyler yang melampaui batas. \n \nKata kunci: Super Nanny, bentuk-bentuk ujaran ekspresif, kategori-kategori ujaran ekspresif.
Tool Support for Model Driven Development of Pervasive Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This work presents the PervML Generative Tool (PervGT) that supports a model driven method for the development of pervasive services in ubiquitous environments. The tool, which is based on the Eclipse platform, provides facilities for the graphical description of pervasive systems using PervML, a UML-like modeling language. Once the pervasive system is specified, the PervML model is used as input to a transformation engine that generates source code and other implementation assets. This generated code extends an OSGi-based framework in order to build the final pervasive applications
Design and distributed control of discrete event robotic manufacturing systems using petri nets

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The methods of the modeling of the discrete event robotic manufacturing systems using Petri nets are considered, and a methodology of decomposition and coordination is presented for hierarchical and distributed control, where the cooperation of each controller is implemented so that the behavior of the overall system is the same as the centralized control system and the task specification is completely satisfied. First, a task specification is defined as a Petri net model at the conceptual level, and then transformed to the detailed Petri net representation of the subtasks. Finally, the overall Petri net is decomposed and the constituent subnets are assigned to local Petri net based controllers. The controllers are coordinated so that the decomposed transitions fire at the same time by the coordinator. System coordination algorithm through communication between the coordinator and the controllers, is presented. By the proposed method, modeling, simulation and control of large and complex manufacturing systems can be performed consistently using Petri nets.
Mycoparasitism illuminated by genome and transcriptome sequencing of Coniothyrium minitans, an important biocontrol fungus of the plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Coniothyrium minitans is a mycoparasite of the notorious plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum . To further understand the parasitism of C. minitans , we assembled and analysed its genome and performed transcriptome analyses. The genome of C. minitans strain ZS-1 was assembled into 350 scaffolds and had a size of 39.8 Mb. A total of 11 437 predicted genes and proteins were annotated, and 30.8 % of the blast hits matched proteins encoded by another member of the Pleosporales, Paraphaeosphaeria sporulosa , a worldwide soilborne fungus with biocontrol ability. The transcriptome of strain ZS-1 during the early interaction with S. sclerotiorum at 0, 4 and 12 h was analysed. The detected expressed genes were involved in responses to host defenses, including cell-wall-degrading enzymes, transporters, secretory proteins and secondary metabolite productions. Seventeen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of fungal cell-wall-degrading enzymes (FCWDs) were up-regulated during parasitism, with only one down-regulated. Most of the monocarboxylate transporter genes of the major facilitator superfamily and all the detected ABC transporters, especially the heavy metal transporters, were significantly up-regulated. Approximately 8 % of the 11 437 proteins in C. minitans were predicted to be secretory proteins with catalytic activity. In the molecular function category, hydrolase activity, peptidase activity and serine hydrolase activity were enriched. Most genes involved in serine hydrolase activity were significantly up-regulated. This genomic analysis and genome-wide expression study demonstrates that the mycoparasitism process of C. minitans is complex and a broad range of proteins are deployed by C. minitans to successfully invade its host. Our study provides insights into the mechanisms of the mycoparasitism between C. minitans and S. sclerotiorum and identifies potential secondary metabolites from C. minitans for application as a biocontrol agent.
Development of Small and Lightweight Beat-By-Beat Blood Pressure Monitoring Device Based on Tonometry

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV) is one of the important risk factors of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Particularly, nocturnal short-term BPV, characterized as acute transient BP elevation over several tens of seconds (BP surge), can trigger CV events. To accurately detect BP surge, it is necessary to monitor BP at each heartbeat. Although continuous BP monitors have been developed and validated, they are too large to measure beat-by-beat (BbB) BP at home. Therefore, we developed a small and lightweight BbB BP monitoring device (BbB device) based on tonometry. In this study, the BbB device was evaluated in terms of size, weight, and performance compared with a validated conventional continuous BP monitoring device based on tonometry (conventional device). The performance was evaluated using the correlation coefficient of pulse wave signals and the difference in BbB BP values between the two devices. Measurement data obtained from 30 subjects with a total of 81 sets, including short-term BPV by the Valsalva maneuver, was used for the evaluation of the performance. The results showed that the conventional device consists of two units (a control unit and a sensor unit), while the BbB device has integrated them into a single unit, with a weight of 150 g (approximately 1/45th of the conventional device). The BbB device was significantly smaller and more lightweight than the conventional device. The correlation coefficient of pulse wave signals between the two devices was 0.98 ± 0.02. The BbB systolic BP and diastolic BP differences were -0.3 ± 4.7 mmHg and 0.7 ± 3.4 mmHg, respectively. The developed BbB device was demonstrated to have an almost equivalent performance as the validated conventional device. In conclusion, we realized a small and lightweight continuous BP monitor that can evaluate the BP for each heartbeat using the BbB device without limitations regarding measurement location. Our device can monitor changes in BP at each heartbeat and short-term BPV, which would be important index for preventing CV events.
Comparison of 3D synthetic aperture imaging and explososcan using phantom measurements

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, initial 3D ultrasound measurements from a 1024 channel system are presented. Measurements of 3D Synthetic aperture imaging (SAI) and Explososcan are presented and compared. Explososcan is the ’gold standard’ for real-time 3D medical ultrasound imaging. SAI is compared to Explososcan by using tissue and wire phantom measurements. The measurements are carried out using a 1024 element 2D transducer and the 1024 channel experimental ultrasound scanner SARUS. To make a fair comparison, the two imaging techniques use the same number of active channels, the same number of emissions per frame, and they emit the same amount of energy per frame. The measurements were performed with parameters similar to standard cardiac imaging, with 256 emissions to image a volume spanning 90×90 and 150mm in depth. This results in a frame rate of 20 Hz. The number of active channels is set to 316 from the design of Explososcan. From wire phantom measurements the point spread functions of both techniques were measured. At 40mm depth Explososcan achieves a main lobe width (FWHM) of 2.5mm while SAI’s FWHM is 2.2 mm. At 80mm the FWHM is 5.2mm for Explososcan and 3.4mm for SAI, which is a difference of 35 %. Another metric used on the PSF is the cystic resolution, which expresses the ability to detect anechoic cysts in a uniform scattering media. SAI improved the cystic resolution, R20dB, at 40mm depth from 4.5mm to 1.7mm and at 80mm from 8.2mm to 2.8 mm, compared to Explososcan. The speckle pattern looked better for SAI compared to Explososcan’s spatial shift variant speckle pattern.
Transient Behavior of Gossip Opinion Dynamics with Community Structure

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study transient behavior of gossip opinion dynamics, in which agents randomly interact pairwise over a weighted graph with two communities. Edges within a community have identical weights different from edge weights between communities. We first derive an upper bound for the second moment of agent opinions. Using this bound, we obtain upper bounds for probability that a large proportion of agents have opinions close to average ones. The results imply a phase transition of transient behavior of the process: When edge weights within communities are larger than those between communities and those between regular and stubborn agents, most agents in the same community hold opinions close to the average opinion of that community with large probability, at an early stage of the process. However, if the difference between intra- and inter-community weights is small, most of the agents instead hold opinions close to everyone's average opinion at the early stage. In contrast, when the influence of stubborn agents is large, agent opinions settle quickly to steady state. We then conduct numerical experiments to validate the theoretical results. Different from traditional asymptotic analysis in most opinion dynamics literature, the paper characterizes the influences of stubborn agents and community structure on the initial phase of the opinion evolution.
Relationship between polymorphisms in thrombophilic genes and preeclampsia In Egyptian population

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Hypertensive disorders are a major cause of maternal and fetal death especially in developing nations. Preeclampsia has a familial component suggesting that one or more common alleles may act as susceptibility genes. Some families may have "private" predisposing mutations. Preeclampsia and its association with thrombophilia remain controversial, due to inconsistent results in different studies. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between thrombophilic genes mutations and preeclampsia in pregnant women in our region. Methods: We compared 15 consecutive women with preeclampsia with 10 normal pregnant women. All women were tested for mutations of factor V lieden , Factor II (prothrombin gene ) , Factor XIII, B fibrinogen , plasminogen activator inhibitor -1 4G/5G (PAI-1 4G/5G ), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHR) , angiotensin –converting enzyme (ACE) I/D , apolipoproteins (APO E and APO B ) genes. This study was based on reverse – hybridization technique using cardiovascular disease strip (CVD ) assay . Results: PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism was highly significantly increased in patient group as compared to control group (60% versus 0% , p= 0.000) . No significant differences were noticed as regards other thrombophilic genes in control and patient groups. Conclusion We suggest that the pattern of PAI 4G/5G polymorphism might represent a useful marker of increased risk of preeclampsia in our region. Also our findings suggest that women with severe complications of pregnancy should be tested for markers of thrombophilia.
Non-Consequentialism Demystified

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Many moral theories hold that what an agent morally ought to do is determined in part by the goodness of the outcomes of those actions currently available to her. However, some moral theories go further and claim that what an agent morally ought to do is determined solely by the goodness of the outcomes of her actions. Following one standard philosophical convention, we will call this stronger thesis consequentialism.2 It seems quite clear that bringing about good outcomes is one thing that there is moral reason to do. But why think that promoting the good is the only thing that morality prescribes? One way of defending this thesis is to employ substantive normative arguments, which seek to show that the plausibility of moral reasons to do other