jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Linkage of extracellular plasminogen activator to the fibroblast cytoskeleton: colocalization of cell surface urokinase with vinculin.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Several cell types display binding sites for [125I]urokinase (Vassalli, J.-D., D. Baccino, D. Belin. 1985. J. Cell Biol. 100:86-92) which in certain cases are occupied with endogenous urokinase. These sites appear to focus urokinase at cell surfaces and hence may participate in tissue matrix destruction and cell invasion. Recently Pöllänen et al. (1987) demonstrated that the cell surface urokinase of human fibroblasts and fibrosarcoma cells is deposited underneath the cells in strands, apparently at sites of cell-to-substratum contact. Here, using immunofluorescence double labeling, we show that the urokinase strands present on human foreskin fibroblasts are colocalized with strands of vinculin, an intracellular actin-binding protein that is deposited at cell-to-substratum focal adhesion sites. Thus, this indicates linkage of the plasminogen/plasmin system both to sites of cell adhesion and to the cytoskeleton. The urokinase strands on HT 1080 fibrosarcoma cells are more numerous and have shapes that are more tortuous than those on normal fibroblasts. In intact HT 1080 cells, colocalized vinculin strands are obscured by an intense background of soluble vinculin but are apparent on isolated ventral plasma membranes. Certain properties of the urokinase strands suggest that they are related to the [125I]urokinase-binding sites that have been described by several groups: (a) incubating fibroblasts with dexamethasone for 48 h or at pH 3 at 5 degrees C for 10 min greatly decreases the number and intensity of the urokinase strands; (b) strands reappear when glucocorticoid-treated cells are incubated with exogenous 54-kD (but not 35-kD) urokinase, and this process is inhibited by a previously described 16-amino acid peptide that blocks [125I]urokinase binding to the cells.
Correction for Masujin et al., Detection of Atypical H-Type Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy and Discrimination of Bovine Prion Strains by Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Volume 54, no. 3, p. [676–686][1], 2016. Page 677, Materials and Methods section, paragraph 3, line 4: “AF367642” should read “AF367624.”

Page 677, column 2, line 1: “M109” should read “M129.”

Page 679, column 1, line 10: “Hu-BV rPrPSen 23–230, M109” should read “Hu-BV
An Investigation Into the Relationship Between Values and Commitment

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The concept of values “fit” has been a significant theme in the management literature for many years. It is argued that where there is alignment of staff and organizational values a range of positive outcomes are encountered. What is unclear is how this translates into the charity sector. This study explores the phenomenon of values alignment in two U.K. charities. Questionnaires were used to measure staff values, perceptions of organization values, and staff commitment. Drawing on the work of Finegan, an interaction term is used as a proxy for fit. Analyses of data from 286 participants indicated that it was the perceptions of organization values that had the greatest impact on staff commitment. The alignment of staff values and perceptions of organization values only had a degree of effect within one of the charities. This challenges the dominant view on such alignment and the implications of this are discussed.
Abstract 090: Armenian Ethnicity: An Independent Risk Factor for Positive Exercise Treadmill Tests

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Several studies have examined the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among larger racial and ethnic groups such as Hispanics and African-Americans in the United States, but limited information is available on smaller subgroups such as Armenians. According to the World Health Organization, Armenia ranks eighth in CVD rates among all countries however it is unclear if Armenian immigrants living in the US have the same high rates of disease. This study examined whether being of Armenian descent increased the risk of having a positive exercise treadmill test (ETT) among patients treated at a safety net hospital in Los Angeles County. Methods: Data on patients who received an ETT from 2008-2011 were used to conduct a retrospective analysis of the relationship between Armenian ethnicity and ETT result as a surrogate measure for CVD. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) for having a positive ETT among Armenians relative to non-Armenians, adjusting for the following pre-specified covariates: gender, age, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, family history of coronary artery disease (CAD), and patient history of CAD. Results: A total of 5,297 patients, ages 18 to 89, were included. Of these, 13% were Armenian and 46% were male, with an average age of 53 years. Armenians had higher odds of having a positive ETT than non-Armenians (Crude OR=1.30, p=0.037, CI:1.02,1.66). After adjusting for CV risk factors, Armenians were still significantly more likely to have a positive ETT than non-Armenians (OR=1.33, p=0.029, CI:1.03,1.71). CAD (OR 2.02, p<0.001, CI:1.38,2.96), and hyperlipidemia (OR=1.31, p=0.008, CI:1.07,1.60) were also significantly associated with a positive ETT. Conclusion: Armenians have a higher likelihood of having a positive ETT than non-Armenians. This relationship appears to be independent of traditional CV risk factors and suggests a role for cultural and/or genetic influences.
The Road to Better Management in Resistant Hypertension—Diagnostic and Therapeutic Insights

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Resistant hypertension (R-HTN) implies a higher mortality and morbidity compared to non-R-HTN due to increased cardiovascular risk and associated adverse outcomes—greater risk of developing chronic kidney disease, heart failure, stroke and myocardial infarction. R-HTN is considered when failing to lower blood pressure below 140/90 mmHg despite adequate lifestyle measures and optimal treatment with at least three medications, including a diuretic, and usually a blocker of the renin-angiotensin system and a calcium channel blocker, at maximally tolerated doses. Hereby, we discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to a better management of R-HTN. Excluding pseudoresistance, secondary hypertension, white-coat hypertension and medication non-adherence is an important step when diagnosing R-HTN. Most recently different phenotypes associated to R-HTN have been described, specifically refractory and controlled R-HTN and masked uncontrolled hypertension. Optimizing the three-drug regimen, including the diuretic treatment, adding a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist as the fourth drug, a β-blocker as the fifth drug and an α1-blocker or a peripheral vasodilator as a final option when failing to achieve target blood pressure values are current recommendations regarding the correct management of R-HTN.
The kinetics of ionic polymerisations. Part V. The inhibition by pyridine and 2-iodopyridine of polymerisation of n-butyl vinyl ether catalysed by iodine

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

D. D. Eley and J. Saunders, J. Chem. Soc., 1954, 1672 DOI: 10.1039/JR9540001672
A Recovered Case of Japanese Spotted Fever with Supportive Treatment Only

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report herein on a case of a 71-year-old female who recovered from Japanese spotted fever (JSF) without tetracycline (TC) treatment. In late September 2015, she suffered from a high fever of 38℃ and appetite loss after mountain hiking. In 2 days, she had rash over her whole body suspected to be due to viral infection. Her blood test showed thrombocytopenia, moderate inflammation, and mild liver dysfunction. She was admitted to in our hospital with intravenous drip infusions of 1.5-2.0L/day, and her general condition was improved on Day 3 of admission. Her serum IgG/IgM levels of anti-JSF were elevated from negative on Day 17 to 1:5,120/1:2,560 on Day 61, indicating the diagnosis of JSF. Our literature search found 2 cases that recovered from JSF without TC and 4 fatal cases and suggested that maintaining renal function by early admission is necessary to obtain a favorable outcome of JSF.
PA0305 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a quorum quenching acylhomoserine lactone acylase belonging to the Ntn hydrolase superfamily

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 genome has at least two genes, pvdQ and quiP, encoding acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) acylases. Two additional genes, pa1893 and pa0305 , have been predicted to encode penicillin acylase proteins, but have not been characterized. Initial studies on a pa0305 transposon insertion mutant suggested that the gene is not related to the AHL growth phenotype of P. aeruginosa . The close similarity (67 %) of pa0305 to HacB, an AHL acylase of Pseudomonas syringae , prompted us to investigate whether the PA0305 protein might also function as an AHL acylase. The pa0305 gene has been cloned and the protein (PA0305) has been overproduced, purified and subjected to functional characterization. Analysis of the purified protein showed that, like β-lactam acylases, PA0305 undergoes post-translational processing resulting in α- and β-subunits, with the catalytic serine as the first amino acid of the β-subunit, strongly suggesting that PA0305 is a member of the N-terminal nucleophile hydrolase superfamily. Using a biosensor assay, PA0305his was shown to degrade AHLs with acyl side chains ranging in length from 6 to 14 carbons. Kinetics studies using N -octanoyl- l -homoserine lactone (C 8 -HSL) and N -(3-oxo-dodecanoyl)- l -homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C 12 -HSL) as substrates showed that the enzyme has a robust activity towards these two AHLs, with apparent K cat / K m values of 0.14×10 4 M −1 s −1 towards C 8 -HSL and 7.8×10 4 M −1 s −1 towards 3-oxo-C 12 -HSL. Overexpression of the pa0305 gene in P. aeruginosa showed significant reductions in both accumulation of 3-oxo-C 12 -HSL and expression of virulence factors. A mutant P. aeruginosa strain with a deleted pa0305 gene showed a slightly increased capacity to kill Caenorhabditis elegans compared with the P. aeruginosa PAO1 wild-type strain and the PAO1 strain carrying a plasmid overexpressing pa0305 . The harmful effects of the Δ pa0305 strain on the animals were most visible at 5 days post-exposure and the mortality rate of the animals fed on the Δ pa0305 strain was faster than for the animals fed on either the wild-type strain or the strain overexpressing pa0305. In conclusion, the pa0305 gene encodes an efficient acylase with activity towards long-chain homoserine lactones, including 3-oxo-C 12 -HSL, the natural quorum sensing signal molecule in P. aeruginosa, and we propose to name this acylase HacB.
An investigation into the efficacy of using direct explicit instruction of single-cue writing strategies

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the effectiveness of teaching students to write essays using a multi-cue decision-making strategy that asked students to Inscribe the writing space, Define the rhetorical problems locally, Discover the information necessary to solve the local rhetorical problems, and Link the individual units of the essay logically (IDDL). An explanatory mixed methods research design was employed to investigate the importance of using direct explicit instruction of single-cue writing strategies. The research questions were: what is the effect of teaching first-year university students single-cue heuristics as measured by their growth in essay writing between a pretest and posttest measure? and, what is the effect of teaching first-year university students single-cue heuristics as measured by their final essay grades at the end of term? A total of 99 students, divided into control (22 students) and experimental (77 students) groups, participated in the quantitative data collection by providing pretest and posttest writing samples. In the qualitative data collection phase, twenty students (ten from each group) were individually interviewed. While the results indicated that the control group outperformed the experimental group on all measures, except content, there were a number of confounding variables that require further investigation.
Antibacterial properties of novel dental composites for paediatric dentistry

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Aim: To assess the antibacterial properties of novel dental composite formulations containing the antibacterial polylysine and varying type or amounts of monomer/glass/calcium phosphate. / Methods: Minimum inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations of polylysine against Streptococcus mutans UA159 were determined. The antibacterial activity of composite discs with polylysine was determined by immersing the discs into a suspension of S. mutans and carrying out bacterial counts. All the results were compared with commercial materials. Mass and volume change of the material as well as polylysine release were determined over time and compared for multiple formulations containing polylysine. Bacterial growth was visualised on the discs using LIVE/DEAD staining with confocal microscopy and using scanning electron microscopy. / Results: The addition of a minimum 1% polylysine to the novel formulations inhibited bacterial growth at low inoculum density and the addition of a minimum 2% polylysine inhibited bacterial growth at all inoculum densities in air. In an atmosphere of air enriched with 5% carbon dioxide and in the presence of sucrose there was a bacteriostatic effect with 5% polylysine addition. None of the commercial materials showed any antibacterial properties. Increasing the amount of polylysine in the novel composite formulations increased mass change over two months and increased polylysine release over three weeks. Volume was not significantly affected. Using SEM, bacterial growth was seen on composite discs after 4 days incubation in a suspension of S. mutans at 37oC in air with 5% carbon dioxide. It appeared that a biofilm was formed under these conditions for all formulations and commercial materials whereas in air, there was minimal growth. Using confocal microscopy an increase in dead bacteria was seen as the polylysine concentration increased in both air and in air with 5% CO2. / Conclusion: Novel composites with added polylysine are capable of reducing the load of Streptococcus mutans. These above experimental composites have novel characteristics that make them more suitable for minimally invasive tooth restorations. Key words: polylysine, composite, restoration, antibacterial properties
Genç ve yaşlı farelerde beyindeki yağ asidi seviyeleri ile mekansal öğrenme arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The aim of the present study was to elucidate the possible relationship between the levels of various brain fatty acids and learning indices in aged and young mice classified as “good” or “poor” learners basing on their performance in a spatial learning task, the Morris Water Maze. The levels of several fatty acids including palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were measured using gas chromatography separately in samples from four different brain areas: hippocampus, cortex, striatum and hypothalamus. The level of oleic acid in the cerebral cortex was significantly higher in young-good learners as compared to young-poor learners and higher in young-poor learners than in old-poor learners, with no significant difference in the concentration of this acid between old-good and old-poor learners. The most consistent correlation between animals’ learning capacity and brain fatty acid’ level was found for the arachidonic acid in the hippocampal region: AA level was significantly lower in young-good learners as compared to both young-poor learners” and old-good learners” with young-good learners showing significantly better performance than the two other groups. Interestingly, except hypothalamus, no significant between-group differences were recorded for the remaining fatty acids including DHA, in none of the four brain regions examined.
Research on Reform and Innovation of Teaching Models of Public Safety Education Programs in Higher Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper combines the characteristics of higher education and the characteristics of the discipline of safety engineering to reform and innovate the teaching mode of public safety education courses. In the form of a teaching team, we jointly discuss and develop a set of innovative teaching mode including teaching plan, lecture form, after-school activities arrangement and other detailed steps, and formulate a detailed implementation plan including teaching experiment design, teaching practice selection, and effect return visit analysis.
Recomendações do Grupo de Estudo das Doenças Cerebro Vasculares da Sociedade Portuguesa de Neurologia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The recommendations of the Study Group for Cerebrovascular Diseases of the Portuguese Society of Neurology are presented with regard to the following aspects: risk factors for stroke, primary and secondary stroke prevention by carotid endarterectomy, primary and secondary stroke prevention in non-valvular auricular fibrillation, platelet antiaggregation in primary and secondary ischemic stroke prevention, hospitalisation criteria for patients with acute stroke, stroke units, and also a model report for carotid and vertebral Doppler ultrasonography tests, as well as diagnostic criteria for carotid stenosis by ultrasonography.
Bacillus mojavensis: biofilm formation and biochemical investigation of its bioactive metabolites

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Bacillus mojavensis is an endophytic bacterium which has been reported to have fungicidal effect against some phytopathogens. Bioactive secondary metabolites produced by B. mojavensis could have promising applications in agricultural, food industry and clinical fields. The current research has been conducted to: i) evaluate the antagonistic effect of B. mojavensis isolate against some phytopathogens; ii) characterize chemically the principal bioactive substances produced by the studied isolate of B. mojavensis using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS); iii) evaluate its ability to produce a biofilm using ELISA technique. Results showed that the studied isolate has an antagonistic activity against the majority of tested microorganisms. Results showed also that the studied isolated produced a biofilm in Supplemented Luria-Bertani Casamino acid (SLB) and Minimal Mineral (MM) medium. The substantial attached growth in SLB was significantly higher than MM media. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 9 compounds accounting 87.8% of the total extract, where oxygenated monoterpenes are the main constituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Trends in Metal—Ligand Orbital Mixing in Generic Series of Ruthenium N‐Donor Ligand Complexes — Effect on Electronic Spectra and Redox Properties

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Invisible signals from the underground: A practical method to investigate the effect of microbial volatile organic compounds emitted by rhizobacteria on plant growth

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Rhizobacteria that colonize plant roots and promote plant growth are referred to as plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria, and this can stimulate plant growth either indirectly or directly. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by rhizobacteria have the capacity to promote plant growth as well as perform biocontrol of fungal pathogens. The microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) are characterized by a low molecular weight and a high vapor pressure, which facilitate evaporation and diffusion at normal temperatures and at above‐ground and below‐ground pressures. mVOCs can travel far from the point of production through the atmosphere, porous soils and liquids, thereby making them ideal infochemicals for mediating interspecific interactions. However, knowledge about the biological and ecological roles of microbial VOCs is still limited compared with that of plant VOCs. Here, we describe a simple and inexpensive laboratory class aimed at biotechnology or soil microbiology students, which uses techniques to increase their understanding of the mechanisms of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and also illustrate the effects of mVOCs emitted by rhizobacteria on plant growth promotion, as well as evaluating their potential as a biocontrol. The laboratory class is divided into two sessions: an initial 3‐hour experimental session and a second 2‐hour analytical one. The experimental session involves two separate experiments: one of which is dedicated to illustrating the effect of mVOCs on plant growth parameters, while the second explores the capacity of VOCs as a biocontrol. Also, the class provides students with an opportunity to perform useful assays, draw conclusions from their results, and discuss possible extensions of the study. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 47(4):388–393, 2019.
Bovine Viral Diarrhea: Prophylaxis and Postvaccinal Reactions

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY Approximately 10 million doses of attenuated live bovine viral diarrhea ( bvd ) virus vaccines are used annually in the United States. The use of such products has increased steadily since the products were first marketed in 1964. About 60% of the bvd vaccines sales volume is in the form of combination vaccines with either infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus ( ibr ) or parainfluenza-3 ( pi -3) virus or both. Despite the phenomenon of the postvaccinal syndrome and the stigma attached to it, bvd vaccines today are widely accepted by both the cattle owner and veterinary practitioner. Research workers, however, continue to explore the possibilities of developing practical, safe, and potent inactivated bvd vaccines.
[Endoscopic endonasal surgery of pituitary adenomas (experience of 1700 operations)].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The current paper analyses results of endoscopic endonasal surgical treatment of 1700 patients with pituitary adenomas in Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute during recent 7 years. We assessed the following parameters: dynamics of basic syndromes (neuroophthalmological, neurological and endocrinological symptoms), degree of resection, frequency and types of postoperative complications, postoperative mortality, recurrence rate etc. The obtained data were compared with results of microsurgical transnasal operations which were formerly performed in our department, as well as with results of leading endoscopic neurosurgeons of the world. In majority of parameters our results are on the same level as the data of most prominent endoscopic neurosurgeons of the world and are significantly better that in the group of patients operated using a microscope.