jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Presence of Gonadotropic and Prothoracicotropic Factors in Pupal and Adult Heads of Mosquitoes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

During insect posteiribyronic development, ecdysteroids stimulate the molecular events in target tissues that culminate in molting and metamorphosis (Bollenbacher and Granger, 1985). The cerebral peptide prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) regulates the hemolymph titer of ecdysteroids through its activation of the prothoracic glands to synthesize ecdysone. In recent years, insect reproduction has been shown to be controlled by ecdysteroids as well. This is a surprising finding considering that in adult insects the prothoracic glands are absent (see Hagedorn, 1985). The role of ecdysteroids in insect reproduction has been most extensively investigated in the mosquito, Aedes aegypti, where the cerebral peptide egg development neurosecretory hormone (EDNH) stimulates the ovaries to synthesize ecdysone (Hagedorn et al., 1979). This results in an increased hemolymph eodysteroid titer which evokes vitellogenesis and ovary maturation.
[Cytomegalovirus infection monitoring in patients with long-term survival after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Regular monitoring of CMV-pp65 antigen after allo-HSCT is quite necessary for prevent and treat CMV infection in a timely manner. The CMV infection in long-term survival patients may be related to the selection of conditioning regimen, it has no obvious correlation with the incidence of GVHD, but it is associated with the severity of aGVHD.
Association of the family environment with behavioural and cognitive outcomes in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: Family environment in children with 22q11DS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) are at risk for social-behavioural and neurocognitive sequelae throughout development. The current study examined the impact of family environmental characteristics on social-behavioural and cognitive outcomes in this pediatric population.
The effect of moisture source and synoptic conditions on precipitation isotopes in arid central Asia

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The stable isotope composition of precipitation has been widely applied to trace moisture sources. In the westerly dominated areas of central Asia, the isotopic composition of precipitation significantly correlates with surface air temperature, and the temperature effect is widely accepted. However, the significance of isotopes in tracing water vapor source is not clear for this region, and a further investigation using event‐based observations is still needed. Based on a network around the Tianshan Mountains, the westerly regime of precipitation isotopes is investigated. Although the seasonality of precipitation isotopes for the northern and southern basins of the Tianshan Mountains is similar, the more arid climate and leeward landform of the southern basin lead to weak moisture transport and relatively enriched oxygen isotopes. Of the synoptic systems resulting in heavy precipitation, the central Asian vortex more commonly leads to depleted isotopic ratios in precipitation, which is related to the contribution of northerly moisture and/or surface moisture. The specific humidity‐adjusted Lagrangian diagnostic indicates that the heavy precipitation on the southern basin stations usually has relatively local moisture sources in this arid climate and that terrestrial moisture evaporated from Europe and central Asia, rather than marine moisture from the Atlantic Ocean, is more likely to be the direct moisture source. A sensitivity analysis for target height and adjusting threshold of specific humidity is also applied to the improved Lagrangian diagnostic. Overall, the findings were unaffected by different conditions, and the moisture was more likely to be locally sourced, as indicated by higher specific humidity thresholds.
Phlorotannins: Towards New Pharmacological Interventions for Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycaemia, and predicted by the World Health Organization as the expected 7th leading cause of death in 2030. Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) comprises the majority of diabetic individuals around the world (90%–95%). Pathophysiologically, this disorder results from a deregulation of glucose homeostasis, worsened by overweight and by a sedentary lifestyle, culminating in life-threatening cardiovascular events. The currently available anti-diabetic drugs are not devoid of undesirable side effects, sometimes responsible for poor therapeutic compliance. This represents a challenge for contemporary medicine, and stimulates research focused on the development of safer and more efficient anti-diabetic therapies. Amongst the most promising sources of new bioactive molecules, seaweeds represent valuable, but still underexploited, biofactories for drug discovery and product development. In this review, the role of phlorotannins, a class of polyphenols exclusively produced by brown seaweeds, in the management of DMT2 will be discussed, focusing on various pharmacologically relevant mechanisms and targets, including pancreatic, hepatic and intestinal enzymes, glucose transport and metabolism, glucose-induced toxicity and β-cell cytoprotection, and considering numerous in vitro and in vivo surveys.
Reshaping posthuman subjectivity: Lu Yang’s representation of virtual bodies in the COVID-19 pandemic

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

With the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, much of the world has been experiencing isolation and quarantine. Digital technology, especially the internet, has become the essential method of communication when social distancing measures constrain physical contact. The global health crisis leads to a dynamically increasing reliance on digital equipment contributing to a posthuman world. The article will take Shanghai-based multimedia artist Lu Yang (1984–) as a representative example to explore an alternative posthumanism subjectivity in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Built theoretically on Kathrine Hayles and Rosi Braidotti’s posthumanism concepts of virtual bodies, this article will examine how Lu Yang’s work articulates the interactive relationships between humans and the material world to go beyond the conservative corporeality and contribute to a renewal of posthuman subjectivity. In Lu Yang’s recent projects created during the pandemic, such as Doku × The 1975 ‘Playing on My Mind’ (2020) and the live-streamed piece Delusional World (2020), the artist experiments with different strategies to break down social-cultural constraints and transcend established dualisms of gender binaries, life and death, human and non-human. With a close investigation of Lu Yang’s multidisciplinary artistic practices, this article intends to argue how a new subjectivity emerges in contemporary Chinese art and its roles in the current COVID-19 pandemic world.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 114 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "BasisOfRecord is one of (Material citation, Specimen)", "Country is Mexico", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", "TaxonKey is Passiflora juliana" ] } The dataset includes 114 records from 24 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0035383-250920141307145/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Evidence of pairing and its role in the recombinative desorption of hydrogen from the Si(100)-2×1 surface

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy study of the recombinative desorption of hydrogen from the Si(100)-2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1 surface is presented. Initially at room temperature, hydrogen atoms singly occupy the Si dimer units while at higher temperatures (\ensuremath{\sim}630 K) these atoms tend to pair up. This pairing phenomenon is due to a \ensuremath{\pi}-bonding interaction which favors pairing individual dangling bonds on the dimer units. Following desorption from the saturated surface, pairs of dangling bonds are found loaalized on the Si dimer units. The significance of these paired-dangling-bond sites is d)scussed in ligh* of the desorption model recently proposed by Sinniah et al.
Point and Interval Estimation for a Simple Step- Stress Model with Random Stress-Change Time

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In accelerated testing, the units are tested at varying stress levels. A special class of accelerated tests is step-stress test, that allows the experimenter to change the stress levels at pre-specified times during the experiment. It is observed that in the conventional step-stress testing, the parameters are not always estimable and even when the life time distributions are exponential, the exact confidence intervals are quite complicated. In this paper, we consider a simple step-stress model with a random stress-change time. In this set up the stress level changes at the time when a pre-specified number of failures take place. We derive the maximum likelihood estimators when the life time distributions are exponential and under the assumption of a cumulative exposure model. The joint distribution of the parameters is obtained. We provide the confidence intervals using the exact distribution and by two bootstrap methods. Bayes estimates and the corresponding credible intervals are also obtained. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to compare the performances of the different methods.
US Risk Premia under Emerging Markets Constraints

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

USA market is the benchmark for empirical finance and considered the closest example of how an efficient market should behave. On the other hand, divergent results from the observed in the USA are often associated with unreliable and due deviations from efficient hypothesis. However, how would the US market results behave had the data the same constraints as an emerging market economy? To answer that question, we analyze the risk premia market estimation under the typical constraints from emerging equity markets: the small number of assets and the short time-series sample available for estimation. We use parameters of time-series length, number of assets and accounting variables distribution from the Brazilian equity market. Surprisingly, we conclude that the US market risk premia convey the same data features as the Brazilian risk premia if under the same time constraints. Then, we evaluate two potential causes of problems in risk premia estimations with small T: i) small sample bias on betas, and ii) divergence between ex-post and ex-ante risk premia. Through Monte Carlo simulations, we conclude that for the T around 5 years the beta estimates are no longer a problem. However, it is necessary to analyze a time-series sample exceeding 40 years to obtain robust ex-ante risk premia.
Announcements

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Other| April 01 2019 Announcements Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies (2019) 86 (2): 310–313. https://doi.org/10.5325/pennhistory.86.2.0310 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Announcements. Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 1 April 2019; 86 (2): 310–313. doi: https://doi.org/10.5325/pennhistory.86.2.0310 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectivePenn State University PressPennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies Search Advanced Search At its 2018 annual meeting, the Pennsylvania Historical Association awarded the Philip S. Klein Book Prize to Dr. Sally McMurry for Pennsylvania Farming: A History in Landscapes (University of Pittsburgh Press, 2017). The prize committee felt the book was an exhaustive and significant resource on agriculture in the commonwealth and will remain a definitive work in the years to come. The prize is awarded for the best book on a topic that illuminates the history of Pennsylvania every even-numbered year. The prize was established in honor of Philip S. Klein, president of the association from 1954 to 1957. A review of the book appeared in the Winter 2019 (86.1) issue of Pennsylvania History. Congratulations to Dr. McMurry!The Pennsylvania State Historic Preservation Office (PA SHPO) has been awarded a $30,000 grant from the National Park Service (NPS) to study African American history and historic places in Pennsylvania. The two-year... You do not currently have access to this content.
Progress in the decommissioning planning for the Kiev’s research reactor WWR-M

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The Kiev?s research reactor WWR-M has been in operation for more than 50 years and its further operation is planned for no less than 8-10 years. The acting nuclear legislation of Ukraine demands from the operator to perform the decommissioning planning during the reactor operation stage as early as possible. Recently, the Decommissioning Program has been approved by the regulatory body. The Program is based on the plans for the further use of the reactor site and foresees the strategy of immediate dismantling. The Program covers the whole de- commissioning process and represents the main guiding document during the whole decommissioning period, which determines and substantiates the principal technical and organizational activities on the preparation and implementation of the reactor decommissioning, the consequence of the decommissioning stages, the sequence of planned works and measures as well as the necessary conditions and infrastructure for the provision and safe implementation.
[PS 08-46] CHANGES IN THE PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY AND PLASMA LEVELS OF ALDOSTERONE AND PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 1 AFTER THE CHANGED OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR BLOCKERS IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The difference is considered that how the plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone concentration and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1(PAI-1) are affected by different types of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). Design and Method: We performed a 24-week prospective study in 12 patients with hypertension who were receiving maintenance dialysis. For the first 12 weeks, they received valsartan 80 mg/day, which was then changed to olmesartan 20 mg/day for the second 12 weeks. We measured blood pressure, plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone concentration, and PAI-1 as a marker of vascular endothelial damage. Results: No significant differences in blood pressure and plasma renin activity were observed before and after the drug was changed. However, blood aldosterone concentration and PAI-1 levels declined significantly after the drug was changed. Conclusions: This was not a crossover study, so whether these changes could have been caused by ARBs administration itself could not be determined. Still, olmesartan has been reported to have better effect in terms of increasing endogenous Ang1–7 level via ACE2 activity. This suggests that the renal-protective action as mediated by ACE2/Ang1–7/Mas receptors may differ depending on the type of ARBs, which is something that has received attention recently.
The psychological processes voiced by nursing students when caring for suicidal patients during their psychiatric clinical practicum: A qualitative study

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aims and objectives This study was designed to explore the psychological processes experienced by nursing students caring for suicidal patients during their first psychiatric clinical practicum. Background Nursing students expressed fear when caring for patients who presented with suicidal behaviours. Yet, there is a lack of research exploring nursing students' feelings and thoughts when caring for suicidal patients. Design A grounded theory study. Methods A theoretical sample of 22 undergraduate nursing students who had cared for suicidal patients for at least 5 days during their psychiatric clinical practicum. Data were collected from 2016–2017, in three universities in Taiwan, using a semi‐structured interview and constant comparative analysis. COREQ reporting guidelines were utilised. Results Four categories emerged depicting the psychological processes and revealing that the student nurses navigated four phases when caring for patients exhibiting suicidal behaviours. The phases were as follows: (a) apprehension and fear: involving students being frightened about patients attempting suicide; (b) frustration and powerlessness: concerning students finding it challenging to focus on changing patients' suicidal ideations; (c) support and catharsis: covering the students having to ask for psychological support from other people and explore their painful emotions; (d) confidence and empathy: meaning that the students incorporated enhanced confidence and cultivated advanced empathy, leading to the integration of competent care competencies towards suicidal patients. Conclusions Findings could help nursing teachers to understand students' psychological processes when caring for suicidal patients. Teachers could provide appropriate support to help reduce students' negative thoughts and feelings and increase their care competencies when nursing suicidal patients during their psychiatric clinical practicum. Relevance to clinical practice Clinical nurse teachers could support and facilitate students to develop their competencies and confidence as they negotiate the four phases and, actually, complete their internship goals on their clinical practicums.
Névtan és terminológia 2: Névtan és egységesítés. [Onomastics and Terminology 2: Onomastics and Standardization]

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In an attempt to address some current issues of geographical names standardization in Hungary and abroad, the Department of Hungarian Linguistics and the Research Group on Terminology of Károli Gáspár University, the Institute of Hungarian Language of Eötvös Loránd University, and the Society of Hungarian Linguistics, as this year’s session of the recently launched annual programme examining the relations of Onomastics and Terminology, organized a workshop entitled “Onomastics and Standardization” on 11th of June, 2013. Participants agreed that a permanent solution for the discussed applied toponomastic problems can only be achieved if a general consensus is reached among the representatives of the different fields of science and professions involved. The papers presented in the workshop as well as the conclusions drawn from the round table discussion are published in the Studies and Onomastics and Events sections, respectively, of our journal Névtani Értesítő.
Freedom of Information

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This entry provides an overview of the definition of, justification for, and evolution of freedom of information laws and systems. In their purest form freedom of information laws serve as potent accountability tools of predominantly political power. The tensions between governing and transparency via information access at times present information access obstacles that severely impede the practical functionality of freedom of information regimes. The principal obstacle is the culture of secrecy that is still prevalent in many governments around the globe.
Estimating Conditional Functional Multipliers

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Spending based fiscal adjustment requires decisions on when? and how much to cut public spending to minimise adverce effects on economic growth. This requires precise estimates of the response of output to changes in the functional components of public spending. I call this the functional multiplier.I disaggregate government spending in 36 low-income countries over the Period 1984-2013 into its functional components. Using a GMM-IV model with fuel subsidies as the instrument for government spending I exploit difference in the length of exposure to statehood as a proxy for current absorptive capacity to estimate functional multipliers conditional on absorptive capacity.The estimated functional multipliers vary from -1.11 for economic cervices to 1.82 for social protection. I find that a one standard deviation change in absorptive capacity yields a 18 percent larger multiplier compared to the average level of absorptive capacity. A similar exercise for contestability shows that a one standard deviation change in contestability yields a 14 percent larger multiplier compared to the average level of absorptive capacity. I subject the GMM-IV estimates to a rigorous test to determine whether the estimated relationships an causal and not simply spurious correlation. Post-double LASSO estimates show that that the conditional functional multipliers are precisely estimated and of the same order of magnitude (though slightly larger) than the GMM-IV estimates. To obtain multipliers for individual countries (and not averages) I use a Bayesian iterative shrinkage estimators. The shrinkage estimates show that countries with higher than average absorptive capacity have multipliers that are 15 percent larger than thoce below the average
Counselors’ Self-Efficacy: The Role of Multicultural Counseling Competencies, Social Justice, and Homosexuality Attitudes

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Counselor self-efficacy is one of the significant features of counselors that play a role in providing effective counseling services. Variables that predict counseling self-efficacy such as age, gender, supervision, and multicultural counseling competencies are counselor features which have been examined in the literature. However, the relationships between counselor self-efficacy and multicultural competencies, social justice, and homosexuality attitudes, which are the core concepts of counselor education and training, have not been examined. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of multicultural counseling competencies, social justice, and homosexuality attitudes on the self-efficacy perceptions of counselor candidates. Fourth-grade psychological counseling and guidance students studying at various state universities in the 2020-201 academic year participated in this study. The study group of this research consisted of 277 (193 women, %69,7%) 4th-grade psychological counseling and guidance students. Multiple regression analysis and correlation analysis were utilized for the data analysis. While multicultural counseling competencies and social justice attitudes of the counselor candidates explained 36% of the variance of counselor self-efficacy, homosexuality attitudes had no predictive power on counseling self-efficacy.