jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of Host Resistance and Soil Fumigation onThielaviopsis basicolaand Development of Black Root Rot on Burley Tobacco

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Cultivars of burley tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) with different levels of resistance to Thielaviopsis basicola were planted in fields naturally infested with the pathogen. Severity of black root rot and populations of T. basicola were determined at transplant, midseason, and after final harvest. Cultivars with monogenic resistance to T. basicola derived from Nicotiana debneyi developed little or no root rot in all tests and suppressed pathogen reproduction during the growing sermon. The severity of root rot and the reproduction of T. basicola were not related to the level of partial resistance
Seropositivity to Leptospira interrogans serovar Bratislava associated to reproductive problems without significant biochemical or hematological alterations in horses

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The objective was to study haematological and biochemical alterations associated to seropositivity to Leptospira interrogans serovar Bratislava infection in horses with reproductive alterations, such as neonatal deaths, embryonic deaths and abortions. A flock of mares with poor reproductive performance was studied. Eighty-two (58.6%) were seropositive (titre 200); 72 of those (87.8%) for Bratislava. Slight haematological and biochemical alterations were observed, being more frequent (P<0.05) in horses seropositive versus seronegative. In conclusion horses seropositive for Bratislava had no consistent, severe alteration in values for hematology and biochemistry serum. Those findings reinforce this serovar as adapted to the horse and causing only mild symptoms, focused on reproductive problems.
Nationalism, Gender and Feminine Identity: The Case of Post-World War ii Zionist Female Emissaries

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The last three years of the British Mandate for Palestine, 1945–48, were peak years in the Jewish national struggle for the establishment of a Jewish state and the formation of a progressive society peopled by new Hebrew men and women. This article discusses the historical phenomenon of Zionist women in Palestine who were sent to Europe on special missions to rescue Holocaust survivors and bring them to Palestine. Their stories shed light on the emergence of a new feminine identity and serve as a platform for exploring nationalism and gender in general, with an emphasis on the evolving identity of women during a period of national struggle. The case histories presented in this study show how women of the time found personal fulfillment through nationalistic missions that helped to redefine the role of the Jewish woman. They became models for a new Jewish woman who deviated from the traditional model of the woman as homemaker and mother. Participation in these missions was significant in shaping their new identity. It was a three-stage process that began with a masculine initiative that prompted their activity; continued with traditional female roles carried out with a new twist, and ended with a change in female self-awareness. The experiences of these emissaries show how women’s participation in the national struggle was fraught with personal conflicts intimately connected to the encounter between traditional gender roles and their new role and nationalist identity.
An Analysis of Students’ Strategy In Learning Simple Past Tense At Tenth Grade of Senior High School 1 Jambi City

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aims to find students' strategies in learning the simple past tense at tenth grade of Senior High School 1 Jambi City. In this study, this research used mixed methods and used an explanatory sequential research design. The total population of this research was the X MIPA of Senior High School 1 Jambi City. The sample was taken by using cluster sampling. The number of the sample were 36 students in class X MIPA 3. In collecting data, this research used questionnaires and interviews. The results of the study indicate that students in class X MIPA 3 are classified as medium in using language learning strategies with the average use of SILL is 3.15. Data analysis shows that students use all six of the categories of learning strategies; memory strategy, cognitive strategy, compensation strategy, metacognitive strategy, affective strategy, and social strategy. However, metacognitive strategy is the strategy most often used by students with an average use of 3.68 or classified in the high category. From the interview results, it is known that in studying the simple past tense, students apply language learning strategies which include memory strategy, cognitive strategy, compensation strategy, metacognitive strategy, affective strategy, and social strategy. However, of the six strategies, the memory strategy is the least used. Students apply these strategies in learning the simple past tense to help them overcome difficulties in learning the simple past tense and to better understand the use of the simple past tense orally and in writing.
“Tiny dancer in my hand…” 100-million-year-old case of mite flamboyance*

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Parasitengona is a highly diverse and widely distributed group within the order Trombidiformes with a peculiar lifestyle. Some of them inhabit exclusively aquatic environments, while others live on land. Their larvae with significantly different morphology are parasites of invertebrates and vertebrates, while subsequent three nymphal stages and the adults alternate as inactive stases and active predators. The fossil record of Parasitengona is relatively rich compared to other mite taxa, but much remains to be discovered, particularly among inclusions in various types of fossilised resins.
Recall: The Great War in the Twentieth Century

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Always an imprecise term,' shell shock' attracts new layers of meaning with its growing distance in time and memory from the Great War.1 In the last year of the hostilities, E.A. Mackintosh could show the condition straightforwardly as a horrifying, uncontrollable madness. In War, the Liberator (1918) he describes it as follows: The Corporal… collapsed suddenly with twitching hands and staring, frightened eyes, proclaiming the shell-shock he had held off while the work was to be done.'2 Here, shell shock is synonymous with the most destructive images of industrial battle: bombardment in the trenches of the Western Front, the supposed passive suffering and obliteration of soldiers in the line, the long-term damage to the psyche and the spirit that the war inflicted on its participants. Twitching, staring and terror signify too the negative image of shell shock: the common fear of lunacy and the asylum that was also an important part of the condition's public profile in these years, as were the implicit military associations with cowardice, malingering and degeneracy. At the same time, Mackintosh allows sympathy and suggests heroic effort. Despite his strict devotion to duty, the awful- ness of the war swamps the corporal's mind; moreover, the horror of the incident shows the severity of his sacrifice: losing his mind was just as terrible an injury as losing his face or legs.
Self-Consistent Determination of Single-Impurity Anderson Model Using Hybrid Quantum-Classical Approach on a Spin Quantum Simulator

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The accurate determination of the electronic structure of strongly correlated materials using first principle methods is of paramount importance in condensed matter physics, computational chemistry, and material science. However, due to the exponential scaling of computational resources, incorporating such materials into classical computation frameworks becomes prohibitively expensive. In 2016, Bauer et al. proposed a hybrid quantum-classical approach to correlated materials [B. Bauer et al., Hybrid quantum-classical approach to correlated materials, Phys. Rev. X 6, 031045 (2016).PRXHAE2160-330810.1103/PhysRevX.6.031045] that can efficiently tackle the electronic structure of complex correlated materials. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that approach to tackle the computational challenges associated with strongly correlated materials. By seamlessly integrating quantum computation into classical computers, we address the most computationally demanding aspect of the calculation, namely the computation of the Green's function, using a spin quantum processor. Furthermore, we realize a self-consistent determination of the single impurity Anderson model through a feedback loop between quantum and classical computations. A quantum phase transition in the Hubbard model from the metallic phase to the Mott insulator is observed as the strength of electron correlation increases. As the number of qubits with high control fidelity continues to grow, our experimental findings pave the way for solving even more complex models, such as strongly correlated crystalline materials or intricate molecules.
Estimation of Model Bias by the Assimilation of Satellite Ocean Chlorophyll Data into a Global Model

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Chlorophyll concentration estimates by ocean-biogeochemical models showtypically significant errors. Data assimilation algorithms based onthe Kalman filter can be applied to improve the model state. However,these algorithms do usually not account for possible biases in themodel prediction. Taking model bias explicitly into account canimprove the assimilation estimates.Here, the effect of bias estimation is studied with the assimilationof chlorophyll data from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor(SeaWiFS) into the NASA Ocean Biogeochemical Model (NOBM). Theensemble-based SEIK filter has been combined with an online biascorrection scheme. A static error covariance matrix is used for simplicity. The performance of the filter algorithm is assessed by comparisonwith independent in situ data over the 7-year period 1998--2004.Compared to the assimilation without bias estimation, the biascorrection results in significant improvements of the surfacechlorophyll. With bias estimation, the daily surface chlorophyllestimates from the assimilation show about 3.3\\% lower error thanSeaWiFS data. In contrast, the error in the global surfacechlorophyll estimate without bias estimation is 10.9\\%. Next to theimprovement of the estimated chlorophyll concentrations, the estimatedbiases indicate regions with systemic errors in the model-represenedchlorophyll.
Control of floods in the Tumbes River Valley by enabling a relief channel - Hydraulic simulation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

El dren Correntoso y el dren El Piojo constituyen cauces antiguos del río Tumbes; estos podrían aprovecharse como cauces de alivio durante períodos de crecida para reducir los efectos de las inundaciones en la parte baja del valle. Se construyó un Modelo Hidrodinámico Bidimensional, empleando mallas flexibles, con el software MIKE 21 Flow Model FM desarrollado por DHI, representando el valle del Rio Tumbes con un área de 143,10 km2, considerado desde la estación El Tigre (Caserío Higuerón) hasta la desembocadura del río en el Océano Pacífico. Las simulaciones permitieron determinar el caudal mínimo que genera desbordes en el tramo de estudio, siendo su valor aproximadamente igual a 723 m3/s. El cauce de alivio se diseñó considerando las dimensiones actuales del tramo que cruza por el puente El Piojo. Comparando la inundación del valle entre la situación actual y la situación con el cauce de alivio, los resultados nos indican que para caudales menores a 1000 m3/s que se registren en la estación El Tigre, las áreas inundables en la margen izquierda del río, aguas abajo del inicio del cauce de alivio se reducirían hasta en 100%, y para caudales entre 1000 a 1400 m3/s se reducen hasta en 75%. La habilitación de un cauce de alivio permite mitigar considerablemente el efecto de las inundaciones aguas abajo del sector San Jacinto y por tanto reducir las pérdidas económicas de las actividades productivas y los daños en las infraestructuras que año a año se generan por el desborde del Río Tumbes.
Effect of Technology and Digital Media Use on Adolescent Health and Development: Protocol for a Multimethod Longitudinal Study (Preprint)

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

BACKGROUND

Technology and digital media (TDM) use is integral to modern adolescence; adolescents have been labeled as “digital natives,” since they have had exposure to digital technology for their entire lives. Previous evidence has illustrated TDM’s connections with adolescent risk behaviors such as increased alcohol use and social media exposure, as well as relationships with adolescent well-being such as improved socioemotional health and social media connections with peers. Although several recent review articles have described both the benefits and risks of technology use, most individual studies adopt a singular risk-centered approach. In addition, reviews suggest that little evidence exists on the potential mediating and moderating factors between TDM use and well-being and health outcomes, which limits our understanding of what influences the outcomes of interest. Therefore, there is an urgent need to fill these gaps.

OBJECTIVE

This protocol addresses the need to understand how TDM exposure and use affect multiple developmental domains and health outcomes. We address the fragmented nature of previous research, the common focus on single behaviors or conditions, and the typical narrow lens on risks. Our approach further aligns with reviews that called for studies identifying and investigating the factors that moderate the relationships between social media and health behaviors and outcomes.

METHODS

We will address our objective by longitudinally examining over a 2-year period a common set of adolescent participants (N=400, aged 13-15 years) across 3 studies that adopt a multimethodological approach. Study 1 will use TDM to understand the mechanisms behind adolescent health and risk behaviors. Study 2 will use functional magnetic resonance imaging to understand how positive and negative TDM experiences relate to mental and behavioral health in a subsample of 150 adolescents. Study 3 will use a mixed methods design to evaluate self- and other-generated TDM content as the predictors of socioemotional well-being in sexual and gender minority and non–sexual and gender minority adolescents.

RESULTS

Recruitment is ongoing, and the initial results from the first wave of recruitment are expected in 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

This integrated approach to longitudinal data collection from a shared adolescent participant pool will lead to novel analyses and findings, allowing for the examination of the health and well-being risks and benefits associated with TDM use and factors that moderate these relationships. The findings from this study will advance conceptual models and inform new interventions to improve adolescent health.

CLINICALTRIAL

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/50984
Synergistic effects of interferon γ and tumour necrosis factor α on T84 cell function

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterised by chronic intestinal inflammation and increased epithelial permeability. Both tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interferon γ (IFN-γ) have been implicated in IBD. AIMS To understand better the effects of these cytokines on epithelial cell function. METHODS T84 cells were cultured with IFN-γ and TNF-α and changes in transepithelial resistance (TER), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) dextran flux, short circuit current ( I sc ), cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein levels, cell morphology, TNF receptor gene expression, and apoptosis were assayed. RESULTS Relative to controls, significant changes (p<0.05) occurred in cells incubated with IFN-γ for two days: TER was decreased to 20 (6.2)%, FITC–dextran flux was increased by 109 (19)-fold, cAMP and Ca dependent I sc were decreased to 51 (6.4)% and 24 (2.2)%, respectively, and CFTR levels were decreased to 47 (11)%. Cell morphology was altered but cell death was not induced. TNF receptor mRNA levels were increased. When added with IFN-γ, TNF-α accelerated IFN-γ dependent changes. Relative to controls, significant changes occurred after one day of culture with IFN-γ plus TNF-α: TER was decreased to 27 (3.5)%, FITC–dextran flux was increased by 185 (45)-fold, and cAMP and Ca dependent I sc were decreased to 66 (12)% and 35 (6.8)%, respectively. TNF-α also enhanced IFN-γ dependent changes in cell morphology but did not induce cell death. CONCLUSION IFN-γ alters T84 cell epithelial properties and TNF-α can enhance these effects, perhaps due to IFN-γ dependent increases in TNF receptor gene expression. Overall, these studies suggest that in IBD, TNF-α may have synergistic effects on IFN-γ mediated alterations of epithelial cell function.
Effects of the herbicide dicamba on nontarget plants and pollinator visitation

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Nearly 80% of all pesticides applied to row crops are herbicides, and these applications pose potentially significant ecotoxicological risks to nontarget plants and associated pollinators. In response to the widespread occurrence of weed species resistant to glyphosate, biotechnology companies have developed crops resistant to the synthetic-auxin herbicides dicamba and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D); and once commercialized, adoption of these crops is likely to change herbicide-use patterns. Despite current limited use, dicamba and 2,4-D are often responsible for injury to nontarget plants; but effects of these herbicides on insect communities are poorly understood. To understand the influence of dicamba on pollinators, the authors applied several sublethal, drift-level rates of dicamba to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and Eupatorium perfoliatum L. and evaluated plant flowering and floral visitation by pollinators. The authors found that dicamba doses simulating particle drift (≈1% of the field application rate) delayed onset of flowering and reduced the number of flowers of each plant species; however, plants that did flower produced similar-quality pollen in terms of protein concentrations. Further, plants affected by particle drift rates were visited less often by pollinators. Because plants exposed to sublethal levels of dicamba may produce fewer floral resources and be less frequently visited by pollinators, use of dicamba or other synthetic-auxin herbicides with widespread planting of herbicide-resistant crops will need to be carefully stewarded to prevent potential disturbances of plant and beneficial insect communities in agricultural landscapes. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:144–151. © 2015 SETAC
<title>Panorama video server system</title>

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A panorama video server system has been developed. This system produces a continuous panoramic view of the entire surrounding area in real time and allows multiple users to select and view visual fields independently. A significant feature of the system is that each user can select the visual field he or she wants to see at the same time. This new system is composed of video cameras, video signal conversion units, video busses, and visual field selection units. It can be equipped with up to 24 video cameras. The most appropriate camera arrangement can be decided by considering both the objects to be taken and the viewing angle of the cameras. The visual field selection unit picks up the required image data from video busses, on which all of the video data is provided. The number of users who can access simultaneously depends only on the number of visual field selection units. To smoothly connect two images captured by different cameras, a luminance-compensating function and a geometry-compensating function are included. This system has many interesting applications, such as in the distribution of beautiful scenery, sports, and monitoring.
A dinâmica migratória no Espírito Santo e as políticas públicas

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper discusses the migratory movements that impacted the State of Espírito Santol throughout the 2000s and were captured by the brasilian demographic census of 2010. In order to achieve the ob-jectives of disseminating easily accessible data to the community in a simple and accessible way, a set of indicators and an atlas, in the digital format, were elaborated at the municipality level, whose spa-tial data allow to establish relations with other dynamics of the con-temporary society and at other levels of analysis. The results showed that there are large variations in migration among the regions of the State, possibly associated with the main economic activities of each area and the outcome of the current processes, highlighting the im-portance of considering migration in the planning of municipal and regional public policies
Cultural Aspects in English for Iraq, Book 6

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aims to investigate cultural aspects in English for Iraq 6th primary. For this purpose, a nine-cultural aspect checklist has been developed to survey and analyze the content of the Pupil’s Book and Activity Book of English for Iraq 6th primary. The cultural aspects include names of characters, titles (terms of addressing people), man’s jobs, woman’s jobs, pictures, food, celebrations, geography and currency. After analyzing the Pupil’s Book and Activity Book of English for Iraq 6th primary, the results reveal that there is inadequate cultural content; the Arabic culture is dominating over the foreign culture; furthermore, the foreign culture tends to be international.
An Embedded Virtual Experiment Environment System for Reality Classroom

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We designed a low-cost augmented virtuality system based on the Oculus Quest to embed VR in classrooms. To build the system, we measure the size and position of tables in the classroom, make a proxy model in Unity, and then embed the proxy model to seamlessly within the real classroom. In this system, schoolchildren can realize collaborative experiments in ideal conditions or some hard-to-reach scenes. This system's contribution is: (1) By manually adding obstacles, it makes up for most VR systems that can only delimit the area but cannot identify obstacles. (2) It cleverly reuses tables and makes them play the role of anti-collision, workbench, and joystick placement. (3) It expands the available area of VR in complex environments.