jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the production of solketal from glycerol: a case study integrating Aspen Plus and a MATLAB subroutine

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The use of process simulators has increased dramatically due to their ability to solve complex engineering problems. However, most simulators use a black-box modeling approach, which hinders the application of derivative-based optimization models. This work aims to present a case study of the glycerol ketalization reaction by integrating the Aspen Plus® simulator with MEIGO, an optimization tool available for MATLAB®. The kinetic parameters of the reaction were estimated using a Python algorithm. The simulation was validated, and the optimization of the reactive section was performed using an Enhanced Scatter Search method. After optimization for 80% glycerol conversion, the temperature, acetone:glycerol molar ratio in the reactor feed, and reactor volume were 80 °C, 8.83, and 24.17 m³, respectively, for processing 5.149 m³/h of glycerol. The integration of Aspen Plus® with MATLAB® using the MEIGO add-on is shown as a valid strategy for optimizing complex problems involving black-box models.
Relative Aromaticity/Aliphaticity\nSteered Pore Structure\nin Polyamide-Derived Ultramicroporous Carbons for Efficient C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> Separation

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Carbon molecular sieves (CMS) with a tunable pore structure\nhold\nsignificant promise for efficient C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> separation. However, understanding the relationship\nbetween a precursor’s carbon framework and the microstructure\nof carbonized products is still ambiguous and requires further investigation.\nHerein, a relative aliphaticity/aromaticity regulated strategy was\nproposed to tailor the carbon skeleton of the polyamide precursor,\naiming to fine tune the CMS pore size between the kinetic diameter\nof C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> (4.68 Å) and C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> (5.11 Å). The relative aliphaticity/aromaticity of the\nprecursor was rationally modulated by replacing aromatic rings in\ndiamine monomers with aliphatic chains of different lengths. Results\nindicated that polyamide precursors with higher relative aliphaticity\nexhibited increased susceptibility to fragmentation during carbonization.\nThus, a higher degree of carbon layer restructuring arising from the\ndegradation of aliphatic chains promoted the formation of orderly\ngraphitized structures with sub 5 Å ultramicropores. The ETDA-derived\nCMS pyrolyzed at 700 °C (ETDA700) exhibited outstanding sieving\nperformance in separating C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> from C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>, with C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> uptakes of up to 2.33\nmmol/g, while propane adsorption capacity was negligible. This work\nmay provide valuable insights for the design of sieving carbonaceous\nmaterial by rationally tuning precursor properties for the efficient\nseparation of gas mixtures with similar sizes.
Use of Measurement Tools to Validate the Health Effects of Forest Healing Programs: A Qualitative Analysis

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Research is increasingly focusing on the health-promoting effects of forest healing programs. A number of different health indicators are in use, necessitating the establishment of standardized health measurement tools and protocols for forest healing. Also, it is necessary to improve the indicators and protocols by incorporating the opinions of program participants and instructors, so we conducted a qualitative analysis based on focus group interviews (FGIs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs). We collected opinions through interviews conducted for about 1 h with 32 participants in the pilot study and three instructors of the forest healing program. We utilized the MAXQDA program, commonly employed for qualitative research, such as coding and analyzing interview transcripts and literature reviews, as part of the qualitative research process. Three researchers coded and categorized the data, and the first author and corresponding author performed the final coding and categorization. Opinions on the five mental health questionnaires, three physical health measures, and exercise behavior measures used in the forest healing program were solicited. Opinions on the measurement protocol were also solicited. Participants faced challenges in completing the mental health questionnaire due to inappropriate terminology, difficulty in providing truthful responses due to repetitive questions, and the complexity of answering exercise-type questions due to the length of the survey and the absence of clear examples. It was identified that improvements are needed in the future. Some participants commented on the need to measure blood circulation and short-term health changes, and others noted that performing measurements in large groups was difficult, such that there was a need to introduce a measurement protocol for groups. This study is the first to qualitatively evaluate the validity of health measurement tools associated with forest therapy programs. It can contribute to the establishment of standardized health indicators and protocols, as well as serve as a valuable reference for selecting measurement tools to evaluate the effectiveness of forest healing interventions.
Seed development and germination of Miscanthus sinensis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Seed development and germination research was conducted to understand the biology of Miscanthus sinensis (Andersson). A thermogradient table was used to determine whether M. sinensis germinated better under constant or alternating temperature conditions and which temperature treatments provided the best environment for maximum seed germination percentage for the species. It was determined that M. sinensis germinated best under alternating temperatures and achieved the highest germination with a combination of 22 and 16°C for 16 and 8 h. Results from the thermogradient table experiment were used to guide the design of the second experiment. The second experiment explored the effect of temperature combinations, light, and dormancy breaking techniques on seed germination and was used to determine a base for establishing a standard germination protocol for M. sinensis. Alternating temperatures commonly used by seed laboratories (15/25, 15/30, 20/30°C for 16/ 8 h) were compared to the best germination temperature combination from the first experiment (22/16°C for 16/8 h) obtained using the thermogradient table. In addition, seeds were subjected to either 8 h of light during the period corresponding to the higher germination temperature, or 24 h of dark. The influence of dormancy breaking techniques on seed germination was also explored. A 500 mg L -1 GA3, 2000 mg L -1 KNO3, and a 5°C prechill for 7 d were compared to an untreated control. The highest germination of freshly harvested seeds was recorded when germinated using 20/30°C for 16/8 h. There was no significant difference in the germination of one-year-old seed regardless of the germination temperature treatment. Across all seed lots and years there was no significant difference in the germination percentage between seeds germinated using light and those kept in the dark. The germination percentage of seeds treated with GA3 and prechill treatments was
Historical and pedagogical aspects of formation of modern educational system for student youth in informational confrontation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study of the historical and pedagogical aspects of the problem of the formation of the modern educational system for students in informational confrontation aims to identify its existential content characteristics associated with the conduct of modern mental warfare, as well as to develop recommendations for the implementation of subject-subject interaction that ensures the development of the paradigmatic worldview of students in the educational process of universities, their moral and psychological resistance to the impact of the tools of information and psychological impact of mental warfare. To conduct the research, it is advisable to use paradigmatic, axiological and subject-activity private-scientific methodological approaches combined with a general methodological system approach. The practical significance of the research results lies not only in the fact that it focuses on the necessity and possibility of using the historical material of information wars in the educational process, but also substantiates the importance of developing and implementing subject-oriented technologies in the context of the modern system of semantic education. The expected social consequences of the practical use of the research results in the educational process of universities will be the readiness of students for the informational and psychological impact of the tools of mental warfare, moral and psychological stability in its purposeful destructive influence. The originality of the study of the current issues of the formation of the education system in “paradigm shift”, the results of which are presented in this article, is determined not only by the choice of insufficiently studied historical and pedagogical aspects, but also by the results obtained in the process of its implementation, which are important for the pedagogical theory and practice of the organization of the education of students in the conditions of the existential influence of factors of modern informational confrontations.
Design and analysis of a multiple-DOF flexure-based parallel mechanism

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Compliant mechanism plays an important role in precision applications, providing better repeatability and options of monolithic structures with lower manufacturing cost and easier maintenance. The existing design method is a complex process combining analytical modelling, topological optimization and iterative calculations. Especially, the critical characteristic of a multiple-DOF compliant mechanism, its stiffness ratio is difficult to formulate and implicit to express. Therefore, this report proposes a design method purely utilizing the optimization abilities of CAE software, ANSYS Workbench, with simpler expressions of objectives. In this paper, a novel parallel compliant mechanism of 3-DOF (θx-θy-θz) is designed using software modelling and optimization, following testing and simulation of its 3D-printed prototype. Throughout the report, the methodology is shared, a feasible design is obtained and its stiffness properties are discussed. The experimental results are proven close (3% to 23% depending on directions) to the simulation results. This project is an experiment to utilize more of software potentials in compliant mechanism design, and it’s recommended that computational power of computers could be further exploited in the future work.
Designing Robust Superhydrophobic/Superoleophilic Composite Coatings for Anticorrosion/Scaling by Utilizing 8‐Hydroxyquinoline Microcapsules

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Superhydrophobic coatings with excellent water‐repellency are promising for corrosion resistance applications. Herein, a superhydrophobic–superoleophilic composite coating is prepared by combining fluorosilicone resin, microcapsules (MCs), and carbon nanofiber (CNF). Microsized MCs composed of the corrosion inhibitor 8‐Hydroxyquinoline (8‐HQ) as the core and polyurea/polyurethane/SiO 2 as the shell have been synthesized. Then, by incorporating CNF, the water contact angle of the final coating can reach 154 ± 1.6° while the oil contact angle is 0°. Additionally, the superhydrophobic coating demonstrates exceptional corrosion resistance, featuring a minimal corrosion rate of 9.78 × 10 −7 mm year −1 because 8‐HQ can chelate with Fe 3+ to form a passivation layer that prevents the permeation of corrosive media. Furthermore, the superhydrophobic coating exhibits remarkable antiscaling, chemical durability, antifouling, and self‐cleaning properties. It is envisaged that this design strategy will prove to be a promising methodology for practical anticorrosion applications of superhydrophobic coatings.
Conference «Problems of History and Culture of Spain in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times»: On the 70th Anniversary of Sergey Dmitrievich Chervonov

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

On March 1, 2025, an interuniversity scientific conference on history and culture of Spain in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times took place at the Russian State University for the Humanities. It was dedicated to the memory of Sergei Dmitrievich Chervonov (1955-1988), a well-known Soviet medievalist, Spanish scholar, and lecturer at the Department of History of the Middle Ages, Faculty of History, Moscow State University. The conference, which presented the intermediate results of the activities of Hispanic Studies and Medieval Studies in Russia, was accompanied by interesting and fruitful discussions.
Mobility tracking using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Radio Frequency Identification or generally known as RFID devices has became increasingly popular from time to time. It is comprehensively used for items inventory management and tracking. Its automated data-capture and intelligent technology is more or less convenient for wireless and contactless applications. In this project, the RFID is used as a motion detector where it can be placed in an area or more precise, a store room, to monitor the signal’s behavior. Data collected from the device are first experimented and analyzed in graphical interpretation so a conclusion can be derived from the results. They are then implemented for real-time usage. As Android smartphones became more popular, a monitoring application can be very useful to meet the needs of the society. This project aims to develop a tracking application using an Android environment. With this, users can monitor the condition of their room anywhere with internet connection. This provides flexibility and accessibility in data management. In future, the Android application can also be ported to other mobile platforms running iOS or Windows Phone to cater to a greater number of users.
Study of finfet transistor: critical and literature review in finfet transistor in the active filter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

For several decades, the development of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors have made available to us better circuit time and efficiency per function with each successive generation of CMOS technology. However, basic product and manufacturing technology limitations will make continuing transistor scaling difficult in the sub-32 nm zone. Field impact transistors with fins were developed. offered as a viable solution to the scalability difficulties. Fin field effect transistors can be made in the same way as regular CMOS transistors, allowing for a quick transition to production. The use of inserted-oxide FinFET technology was presented as a solution to continue transistor scaling. Due to gate fringing electric fields through the added oxide (SiO2) layers, the electromagnetic integrity of an iFinFET is superior to that of a FinFET. We discovered that the proposed mobility model functions admirably and that the Joule effect mostly influences the drain current and the heat source. The major goal of this work is to compare the performance characteristics of combinational logic using CMOS and FinFET technology. The inverting gate is modelled in HSPICE simulation on a 32nm transistor size utilising CMOS and FinFET structures, and respective performances, such as energy consumed, are examined.
Laser metal deposition materials process-performance studies

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, Materials-Process-Performance studies were carried out on the specimens that were fabricated by Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) using three different build strategies namely short unidirectional, long unidirectional and bidirectional strategies. The influence of the build strategy on the material utilization efficiency or the powder efficiency was studied to identify the build orientation that optimizes the material usage. The long unidirectional build strategy had the highest powder efficiency followed by the bidirectional and the short unidirectional build strategies. Process evaluation was done to determine the effectiveness of the closed-loop control in maintaining the homogeneity of the build and to study the variations in the key process parameters within the build. The process evaluation results revealed that a significant degree of homogeneity prevailed within the build in all the three build strategies. Compression testing was performed on the LMD specimens to study the influence of the build strategy on the mechanical performance and behaviour of the LMD specimens. The short unidirectional specimens had the highest compressive strength, yield strength and modulus of elasticity followed by the long unidirectional and bidirectional specimens. The test results were also compared with conventionally manufactured specimens to analyse the differences.
AIDE: an automated tool for teaching design in an introductory programming course

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Department of Computer Science at the United States Air Force Academy teaches an introductory Pascal programming and problem solving course to 1400 freshman a year. Although the students have a wide range of prior programming experiences, very few have any practice with program design. To encourage proper solution design and alleviate the burdensome and demotivating reams of design documentation, the Department of Computer Science has developed an automated tool, the Automated Interactive Design Editor (AIDE). This paper will provide some background on the problems associated with student design documentation, describe how AIDE attempts to address this problem, and discuss future directions for the tool.
Forces of Accountability? The Power of Poor Parents in NCLB

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Parental involvement is mentioned more than one hundred times in the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). In this article, John Rogers argues that President Bush and former U.S. secretary of education Rod Paige have promoted policy narratives of test accountability, choice, and parental involvement that describe how poor parents can spur educators to have higher expectations and to work harder. What is missing from these policy narratives, Rogers argues, is a fundamental understanding of the problems facing poor communities: a lack of both resources and tools for collective action. Through the case study of a grassroots nonprofit organization, Parent- U-Turn, Rogers demonstrates how parents can create what he calls public power by responding to structural and systemic educational problems through shared inquiry and collective action. Rogers holds up this case as an example of how parents might become true forces for accountability in public education and outlines ways in which the lessons of this example might be incorporated into the reauthorization of NCLB.
Authors' reply: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing laparoscopic with open mesh repair of recurrent inguinal hernia (Br J Surg 2010; 97: 4–11)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SirWe would like to thank Mr Renzulli and colleagues, who put their best efforts into this systematic review of atraumatic splenic rupture (ASR).However, a few points need clarification.The authors defined survivors as those who died from underlying disease within 30 days of follow-up or during the hospital stay.Death within 30 days or in hospital means failure of the treatment unless the patient died from an unrelated cause.Those dying in hospital or within 30 days cannot be included in the survivor group as it will not be possible to judge the efficacy of different treatment modalities and this may have a significant impact on the ASR-related mortality.Considering this 30-day criterion, the statistical analysis of ASR-related death cannot be correctly compared with the type of treatment modality.In discussing diagnostic procedures, the authors have not highlighted the sensitivity and specificity of any diagnostic procedures.Ultrasonography was positive for free fluid in 24•6 per cent of patients compared with computed tomography in 23•0 per cent.We think this is a wrong interpretation of the collected data as this suggests that ultrasonography is more sensitive for free fluid.Similarly, peritoneal lavage was positive in 89 patients (10•5 per cent); does this mean that peritoneal lavage done in almost all patients? 1 The data are presented in an ambiguous manner.In the discussion of treatment, the tabulated data do not match the written data.The mortality in the primary non-surgical group (five patients) also needs to be described in detail.Were these deaths in patients who underwent splenectomy because of rebleeding or who completed primary non-surgical treatment?
Small Area Estimation dengan Metode Hierarchical Bayes pada Proporsi Destinasi Objek Wisata Halal Kabupaten Lombok Barat

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research using Hierarchical Bayes (HB) applied to Small Area Estimation (SAE) was conducted with the aim to estimate the proportion of halal tourism destination in West Lombok Regency. The development of halal taourism object in West Lombok that has been done by the Departement of Culture and Tourism, has not been fully able to do direct estimation on a small area, such as at the sub-district level. One way of obtaining estimation data up to the sub-district level is by increasing the sample size. However, increasing the sample size will cost time and money. Therefore, SAE method can be used to solve the poblem of data optimization. Furthermore, the HB method is used in the process of finding the expected alleged value. The prediction process was performed using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) by applying the conditional Gibbs Algorithm of Metropolis-Hasting. Indirect modeling using HB method on SAE is based on the Fay-Herriot model for the area level with the help of supporting variables. The estimation results were then compared with the direct estimates with the value of the variance statistic as a benchmark. The results showed that the estimation using HB gave in a smaller average of variance value score of 0.021, compared with direct estimates with an average of variance value of 0.042. This showed that indirect estimation using HB method gave better result than using direct estimation method.