jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The role of attributions on attachment orientations and relationship conflict in adult romantic relationships: Application of an integrative mediated model.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study examined attributions as a mediator in the association between attachment orientations and behavioural responses to romantic couple conflict. Further, conflict behaviour as function of attachment style, as well as gender was also examined. An online self-report survey was completed by adults in current romantic relationships (N = 352); which assessed participants’ attachment orientations, and attributions made (causal and responsibility), and behaviours used (attacking, avoidance and problem-solving) in response to couple conflict. Participants’ responses to the measures were based on a standardised vignette, which portrayed a hypothetical partner transgression. Accordingly, attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance were found to both positively predict causal attributions; attachment anxiety was found to be a positive predictor of responsibility attributions, though attachment avoidance was not. In addition, attachment anxiety was positively associated with attacking behaviours and attachment avoidance was positively associated with conflict avoidance; attachment anxiety was found to be positively associated with problem-solving, whilst attachment avoidance was not. No support was provided for any of the mediational models. Finally, no differences were found between attachment styles for any of the conflict behaviours, and no sex differences were found in the use of conflict behaviours. The findings have particular implications for future intervention and treatments focused on couple conflict, particularly in regards to the dynamics that guide conflict behaviours.
<title>Possibility of realizing fullerene-oxygen-iodine laser with solar pumping (Sun-Light FOIL)</title>

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We consider the possibility to design the fullerene-oxygen- iodine laser with optical pumping (solar, particularly). It is assumed that singlet oxygen is formed at pass of molecular oxygen through (and interaction with) mixture of lower and higher fullerenes in the triplet metastable state obtained at illumination of fullerenes. The presented results of estimates by a photokinetic model show the opportunity to reach the efficiency of the FOIL with solar pumping at the level of several tens of percents. We present the results of experimental and theoretical studies of singlet oxygen yield at interaction of optical pumping with fullerene in solutions. Laser radiation with wavelength of 532 nm and wideband lamp radiation for imitation of solar radiation were used as pumping.
The Effects of Decentralized Health Service Delivery Models on Womenâs Health

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Poor, rural citizens in developing countries have access to fewer health services and experience worse health outcomes than their richer, urban counterparts. While numerous governments have decentralized their health systems in response to this disparity, we have little evidence on whether these systems are producing healthier citizens. In this paper I investigate the effectiveness of decentralized health service delivery models in the department of IntibucÃ¡, Honduras. I implement a difference-in-differences research design at the sub-regional level, creating a new longitudinal dataset that links quantitative health outcome data with original survey data as well as socio-economic and institutional information. My analysis shows that the average effect of decentralization on the decentralized health centers is an annual increase of 1,205 family planning consultations, 2,407 prenatal consultations, and 662 postpartum consultations, and that information, accountability, and connectedness may be key causal mechanisms. These results are robust to specifications including covariates, excluding compositional differences, and using weighted estimation; they also pass falsification tests using placebo treatments, placebo dependent variables, and outcome randomization. Most importantly, this analysis suggests that health sector governance reforms can generate positive incremental improvements in health outcomes for women, and thus possibly lead to wider change with respect to household well-being and economic development across rural communities.
Transition from the Opium of Religion to Religion as Opioids: Abuse of Religious Teachings in the New Prophetic Churches in South Africa

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The New Prophetic Churches is a religion in the mix, demonstrated by their points of contact with classical Pentecostalism, the prosperity gospel, African independent churches, and African traditional religion. New Prophetic Churches have points of contact with classical Pentecostalism with reference to the doctrine of baptism in the Holy Spirit and speaking in tongues. They are also influenced by the African traditional religions with reference to their connection with the spirit world. In addition, they have points of contact with the African independent churches concerning the use of healing and deliverance products. Furthermore, they have points of contact with the prosperity gospel in teaching the message of material blessing. The original form of these influences is presented in this article as opium religion, whereas the corrupted form of these influences is presented as opioid forms of religion. The latter refers to a somewhat dangerous mix of religious teachings, advocated by self-appointed spiritual leaders within the New Prophetic Churches. These spiritual leaders have concocted this mixture contrary to the original purpose of such teachings with the intention to satisfy their commercial desires to the detriment of the spiritual wellbeing of their followers and the sa-credness of religious teachings, particularly Christian teachings. Relying on a literary analysis, this article challenges the religious teachings of opioid religions that undermine the original good intentions with which these teachings are mixed. It suggests that any religious teaching in the Christian tradition should be consistent with the eternal purpose of God's mission, identity in Christ, and the fundamental tenets of the Christian tradition. There are neo-Pentecostal churches that are consistent with the mission of God, bringing solutions to various challenges in Africa. However, the focus here is on the New Prophetic Churches that have transited from the opium of religion to religion as opioids.
The relation of entrapment, shame and guilt to depression, in carers of people with dementia

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

There is increasing research exploring depression in carers of people with dementia. This study explored the relation of entrapment, shame and guilt to depression in a group of 70 carers of those with dementia. As in other studies the experience of entrapment in the role was highly related to depression. Moreover, experiences of shame relating to self-criticism, other people's expectations and the fear of their criticism were significantly related to depression, entrapment and guilt. Guilt however, as focused on the fears of harming others, letting others down and sense of responsibility, was not associated with depression or entrapment. Depression in carers may relate in part to feeling trapped in a role but also being vulnerable to criticism and feelings of inadequacy in that role. In this study, degree of behavioural disturbance/dependence was not found to be significantly associated with any of the research variables.
Temporal–Spatial Acupuncture Effects on Poststroke Sensorimotor Cortex via Yanglingquan (GB34)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hemiplegia is a common symptom after a stroke, and acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB34) has been found to play a significant role in the treatment of poststroke hemiplegia. To explore motor cortex pathology and acupuncture’s immediate spatiotemporal effects on poststroke motor pathway impairment, 63 patients and 42 healthy subjects underwent three functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans: resting‐state, passive finger movement, and acupuncture at Yanglingquan points. Twenty‐two brain regions were selected as regions of interest (ROI). Spatial intersubject correlation (spatial ISC), intersubject time point‐to‐time point correlation (ISTC), and dynamic intersubject functional correlation (dISFC) analysis methods were employed to analyze the intersubject correlation of signal fluctuations in each scan condition. Spatial ISC and ISTC analyses revealed stable signal patterns during resting for both groups with minimal differences. During finger movement, signal patterns matched the task module (movement–rest–movement–rest). In acupuncture, response patterns showed a high–low–high–low fluctuation trend across time segments. And dISFC analysis clustered patient and control data into five time segments for resting and acupuncture, with slight group differences. Time segment distribution differed between resting and acupuncture. Resting displayed consistent ISFC intensity change trend for both groups. Acupuncture showed “strong–weak–strong–weak” ISFC fluctuation pattern between time segments, with relative intensity among ROIs being structurally consistent, varying more during needle retention. These results suggest that acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB34) shows a “strong–weak–strong–weak” time fluctuation pattern. Motor‐related brain regions display consistent temporal features between groups, while acupuncture yields intricate spatiotemporal effects on these areas.
Equipotency of insulin glargine 300 and 100 U/mL with intravenous dosing but differential bioavailability with subcutaneous dosing in dogs

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Aims Insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla‐300) contains the same units versus glargine 100 U/mL (Gla‐100) in three‐fold lower volume, and higher subcutaneous (SC) doses are required in people with diabetes. To investigate blood glucose (BG) lowering potency, Gla‐300 and Gla‐100 were compared after intravenous (IV, for 4 h) and SC (for 24 h) injection in healthy Beagle dogs. Materials and methods The dose of 0.15 U/kg Gla‐300 and Gla‐100 was injected IV in 12 dogs. BG, C‐peptide, glucagon and the active metabolite 21A‐Gly‐human insulin (M1; liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method) were measured. Twelve other dogs were studied after SC injection of 0.3 U/kg Gla‐300 and Gla‐100. Results After IV injection, Gla‐300 and Gla‐100 were equally potent [BG_AUC 0‐4 h ratio 1.01 (95% confidence interval, 0.94; 1.09)]. After SC injection, BG decreased slower and less with Gla‐300. Similar metabolism of Gla‐300 and Gla‐100 to M1 occurred with IV dosing [M1_AUC 0‐1 h ratio 0.99 (95% confidence interval, 0.82; 1.22)], but with SC dosing M1_C max and AUC 0‐24h were 44% and 17% lower; mean residency time and bioavailability were 32% longer and 50% lower, with Gla‐300. Conclusions IV Gla‐300 and Gla‐100 have the equivalent of BG‐lowering potency and M1 metabolism. SC Gla‐300 has lower M1 bioavailability with a reduced BG‐lowering effect and need for greater doses versus Gla‐100.
Co-support of a Study on Computing Frontiers: Prospects from Biology

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This project will explore trends, challenges, and opportunities at the intersection of computing and biology research. The analysis would include a survey of current areas of study that take advantage of synergies between the two fields and would also examine emerging research topics and potential new programs that can be expected to have an impact on computing and biology in the next five to twenty years. In addition, the report will discuss issues that will affect the interdisciplinary research, including technical, institutional, cultural, and educational barriers to productive collaborations.
Non-starch polysaccharides in malting barley and their modification during malting and mashing

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The focus of this thesis was on characterizing β-glucans and arabinoxylans in selected Canadian malting barley genotypes, and on investigating the effects of different grain hydration levels during steeping on the content and physicochemical properties of these polysaccharides in malt and wort. The results of the first study revealed that Canadian malting barley genotypes differed not only in the content but also in the fine molecular features and properties of B-glucans and arabinoxylans. In the second study, grain hydration levels showed significant differences in the concentration of B-glucans in malt and wort. The impact of variable grain hydration levels on the concentration of arabinoxylans in malt and wort was less pronounced. Grain hydration levels affected the fine molecular structure and molar mass of β-glucans and arabinoxylans isolated from wort, and showed differences between genotypes. The information generated in this thesis about molecular properties of B-glucans and arabinoxylans may be useful to breeders and end users of Canadian malting barley.
Effect of Safflower Red Pigment on Acute Liver Injury Induced by CCl_4 in Mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Safflower red pigment was isolated from safflower by 0.1mol/L NaCO3 aqueous solution and its anti-oxidative and liver protection capability were investigated.Acute injury models were set by CCl4in mice.ALT,AST and ALP activities in serum,CAT,SOD activities,MDA content and GSH content in liver homogenates were measured by biochemical assays.Liver tissue of the mice was stained with HE for observing the effect of safflower red pigment on mice liver histopathology.Expression levels of Nrf2,OH-1,NQO1 protein were measured by western blot analysis.Results showed that safflower red pigment had strong antioxidant ability in vitro.In vivo study showed that,compared with model group,ALT,AST and ALP activities in serum declined significantly and the maximal recline rate was more than 50%.CAT,SOD activities and GSH content in liver homogenates significantly increased,with the maximum increasing rate being more than 30%.MDA content in liver homogenates declined significantly and the maximal decling rate was 36.02%.Expression levels of Nrf2,GSTα and NQO1 were all improved in the safflower red pigment group.The safflower red pigment successfully reduce hepatotoxicity in CCl4-induced liver injury mice,due to the regulation of serum enzymes,antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant activity via the Nrf2 pathway.
the CCAMlr Convention AreA: results froM the GlobAl Procellariiform trACkinG dA t AbAse

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

CCAMLR has implemented successful measures to reduce the incidental mortality of seabirds in most of the fisheries within its jurisdiction, and has done so through areaspecific risk assessments linked to mandatory use of measures to reduce or eliminate incidental mortality, as well as through measures aimed at reducing illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. This paper presents an analysis of the distribution of albatrosses and petrels in the CCAMLR Convention Area to inform the CCAMLR riskassessment process. Albatross and petrel distribution is analysed in terms of its division into FAO areas, subareas, divisions and subdivisions, based on remote-tracking data contributed to the Global Procellariiform Tracking Database by multiple data holders. The results highlight the importance of the Convention Area, particularly for breeding populations of wandering, grey-headed, light-mantled, black-browed and sooty albatross, and populations of northern and southern giant petrel, white-chinned petrel and shorttailed shearwater. Overall, the subareas with the highest proportion of albatross and petrel breeding distribution were Subareas 48.3 and 58.6, adjacent to the southwest Atlantic Ocean and southwest Indian Ocean, but albatross and petrel breeding ranges extend across the majority of the Convention Area. Subareas with the lowest proportion of breeding distribution were Subareas 88.2 and 88.3. The distribution data also emphasise the importance for breeding albatrosses and petrels of regions north of the CCAMLR boundaries, particularly including areas managed by CCSBT, ICCAT, IOTC and WCPFC. Priority gaps in current tracking data are identified, especially relating to studies of nonbreeding distribution. These data will be essential for comprehensive assessment of risks of incidental mortality for albatrosses and petrels foraging in the Convention Area.
Hidden Markov Analysis of Short Single Molecule Intensity Trajectories

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Photon trajectories from single molecule experiments can report on biomolecule structural changes and motions. Hidden Markov models (HMM) facilitate extraction of the sequence of hidden states from noisy data through construction of probabilistic models. Typically, the true number of states is determined by the Bayesian information criteria (BIC); however, constraints resulting from short data sets and Poisson-distributed photons in radiative processes like fluorescence can limit successful application of goodness-of-fit statistics. For single molecule intensity trajectories, additional information criteria such as peak localization error (LE) and chi-square probabilities can incorporate theoretical constraints on experimental data while modifying normal HMM. Chi-square minimization also serves as a stopping point of the iteration in which the system parameters are trained. Peak LE enables exclusion of overfitted and overlapped states. These constraints and criteria are tested against BIC on simulated single molecule trajectories to best identify the true number of emissive levels in any sequence.
Progressive external ophthalmoplegia and multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) with secondary accumulation of multiple deletions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) clinically resembles disorders due to primary mutations of mtDNA but follows a Mendelian inheritance pattern. The disorder belongs to an interesting group of diseases in which both the nuclear and the mitochondrial genome are involved in the pathology. Both autosomal dominant (adPEO) and recessive (arPEO) variants of this disorder occur. Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) patients may have multiple mtDNA deletions and/or depletion of mtDNA. Recent reports of mutations in Thymidine Phosphorylase in MNGIE, and of mutations in adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT1), Twinkle and mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma (POLG) in adPEO, have lead to new insights in the pathogenesis of these disorders of mtDNA maintenance. We also identified POLG mutations in two families with arPEO, which underlines the crucial role of the mtDNA replication machinery for mtDNA maintenance.
Design, construction and operation of a special electric vessel for water-city utilities service

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This article presents an electric vessel for technical service that has been designed, constructed and put into service in Venice, Italy. It is a prototype in a program for replacing an existing fleet of 63-kW diesel boats. It had to preserve the present 12-m boats size, maneuverability with a 360° steering azimuth propeller, and onboard power drives, namely a large waste caisson with a compacting drawer, a crane for moving bins, and a collapsible cockpit for passing low bridges. The design was developed on the power and work demand acquired in a preliminary measurement campaign. Onboard drives had to provide full service at zero emission in most routes inside the historical city. Two 50-kW permanent magnet electric motors were chosen to power the propeller and the compactor, and smaller motors for other drives. The series hybrid powertrain has an 80-kWh lithium-iron-phosphate battery, flanked by a small 15-kW biodiesel generator as a range extender. The boat demonstrated to ensure a fuel saving of 72%–100% and an operating energy cost saving of 20%–36%, depending on the route driven in hybrid or full electric mode. The prototype is expected to contribute to a wider transition to waterborne electric mobility in Venice.
A Capacitive Antibacterial Dressing with Electrical Stimulation for Infected Wound Healing

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The formulation of an antibiotic-free antibacterial approach is imperative in circumventing escalating bacterial drug resistance. Electrical stimulation presents a viable therapeutic modality for such an approach. Nonetheless, obstacles persist in achieving efficacious sterilization with biosafe low-voltage electrical fields (EFs) and enduring antibacterial capabilities. In this study, we have devised a novel capacitive antibacterial dressing comprising polypyrrole-wrapped carbon cloth (PPy-CC) electrodes and a bacterial cellulose (BC) hydrogel separator. Subjected to 1V electrical stimulation for 10 minutes, the dressing attains high bactericidal efficiency (up to 99.97%) and enhanced activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria (up to 99.99%). Its considerable electric capacity and rechargeability allow for repeated charging to achieve sustained sterilization. In vivo results demonstrate significant inhibition of wound infection and facilitated wound recovery in infected full-thickness defects in mouse models. This represents an antibiotic-free, physically-stimulated treatment modality for infected wounds with considerable potential for clinical application.
Youth Friendly Service Utilization and Associated Factors Among Preparatory School Students in Sodo Town, Southern Nations, Nationalities And Peoples Region, Ethiopia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Youth is a period of life in which an individual passes from significant physiological, psychological and social changes that expose them at high risk of reproductive health problems. Even though, there were several strategies approved to solve reproductive health problems of young people including international conference on population development, they still face with unsafe abortion, unintended pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, acquired human immune deficiency syndrome, lack of provision of condoms and unmet need of family planning. Objective: To assess youth friendly service utilization and factor among preparatory schools students in Sodo Town, Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region, Ethiopia 2017. Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among preparatory school students in Sodo Town. Stratified sampling technique was used based on the type of school they had attended. Proportional allocation was done to both government and private schools and to each grade to select 398 respondents. The data was entered with Epi-data version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics was done and result presented with tables and graphs based on the nature of the variables. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was done .The candidate variables with p-value<0.25 in Bivariate analysis were moved to multivariate analysis to identify their significance with dependent variables and those p-Value < 0.05 were taken as independent factors affecting youth friendly service utilization. Result: Out of the total respondents 40.6% reported that they have ever used YFRHS service in the past twelve months. Youth friendly service utilization was significantly associated with sex(AOR:2.106,95%CI:1.115,2.529),pocket money(AOR:0.60,95%CI:0.379,0.949) and using school as a source of information(AOR=0.589,95%CI:0.372,0.933). Conclusion and recommendation: Youth friendly service utilization among preparatory school students in Sodo town was low. Factors like sex, pocket money and school as a source of information were predictors of youth friendly service utilization. Awareness creations on YFRHS and service dimension have to be enhanced. Key Words: Youth friendly Service, Utilization, Sodo Town, Ethiopia.