jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
STACKING THE DECK: TEACHING SOCIAL SKILLS TO RETARDED ADULTS WITH A MODIFIED TABLE GAME

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study developed and evaluated a social skills training program for institutionalized mildly or moderately retarded and dually diagnosed individuals. Social skills were conceptualized as requiring an action or reaction within six skill areas: compliments, social interactions, politeness, criticism, social confrontation, and questions/answers. The program taught social skills using a commercially available table game, Sorry , and a specially designed card deck. Each card represented one of the skill areas and was designed to train either an actor or reactor response. The program featured response specific feedback, self‐monitoring, individualized reinforcers, and individualized performance criterion levels. A multiple baseline across two groups (N = 3 per group) revealed that the game contingencies increased social skills in all targeted areas. After training, the subjects displayed their newly learned skills at or above their trained levels in two different settings with novel persons present. Although untargeted, the complexity of the subjects' responses increased across conditions, since there was a steady increase in the number of words they used per response. The program appears to be a viable means of training social skills since it uses standardized training procedures, requires only one facilitator, and is in itself a social situation that may encourage interactions with peers, cooperation, competition, and politeness.
Highly diastereoselective synthesis of rigid 3-enamino-1,5-benzodiazepines

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A variety of new (3-Z)-3-((alkyl/aryl)aminomethylene)-4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ones were synthesized via addition of primary amines on the benzopyrano[4,3-c]-1H-1,5-benzodizepin-2one.High yields with excellent diastereoselectivity were obtained.The structure of cis-β-enamino-1,5benzodiazepine derivatives was characterized by 1D and 2D NMR and confirmed by an X-Ray diffraction analysis.All prepared compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activities and promising results were given.
Regional differences in political trust: Comparing the Vysocina and Usti Regions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article deals with the factors influencing the degree of trust in political institutions at three levels of government in the Czech Republic (national, regional and local) in two dissimilar regions in the time of economic crisis in 2009, the year when citizens of the Czech Republic experienced the negative impacts of growing unemployment and a substantial decline in real GDP. Two competitive theories - the cultural and the performance explanation - were used as a theoretical framework. The results show that there are significant differences among particular levels of government as well as regions. The influence of both institutional performance, including factors related to economic crisis, and cultural background were found. The influence of contextual factors was also confirmed.
Fumonisin B1 as a Tool to Explore Sphingolipid Roles in Arabidopsis Primary Root Development

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fumonisin B1 is a mycotoxin that is structurally analogous to sphinganine and sphingosine and inhibits the biosynthesis of complex sphingolipids by repressing ceramide synthase. Based on the connection between FB1 and sphingolipid metabolism, FB1 has been widely used as a tool to explore the multiple functions of sphingolipids in mammalian and plant cells. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of sphingolipids on primary root development by exposing Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings to FB1. We show that FB1 decreases the expression levels of several PIN-FORMED (PIN) genes and the key stem cell niche (SCN)-defining transcription factor genes WUSCHEL-LIKE HOMEOBOX5 (WOX5) and PLETHORAs (PLTs), resulting in the loss of quiescent center (QC) identity and SCN maintenance, as well as stunted root growth. In addition, FB1 induces cell death at the root apical meristem in a non-cell-type-specific manner. We propose that sphingolipids play a key role in primary root growth through the maintenance of the root SCN and the amelioration of cell death in Arabidopsis.
Multivisceral Transplantation for Portomesenteric Thrombosis and Unresectable Neuroendocrine Tumor

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Multivisceral transplantation (MVTx) -defined as the en bloc transplantation of the abdominal viscera (stomach, duodenum, pancreas, liver and small bowel) is mostly performed for complicated diffuse and complete portomesenteric thrombosis. Experience is limited and the procedure still in its relative infancy, but the number of cases is likely to rise with the advent of new indications. Case description: In August 2011, a 20 year-old male was referred to our department with complete portomesenteric thrombosis. Imaging showed extensive hepatosplenomegaly with diffuse perfusion defects and degenerative changes in the pancreas. In December 2013, despite medical treatment, the patient’s condition severely deteriorated with cholestasis, ascites requiring regular percutaneous drainage, variceal bleeding and intestinal failure. The only therapeutic option left was MVTx. In March 2014, MVTx was performed. First, the celiac trunk and the superior mesenteric artery were embolized to reduce perioperative bleeding, followed by resection of the native organs, and finally en bloc transplantation of the corresponding organs. The patient recovered well and was discharged at day 66 post-transplant. He became nutritionally independent 2 months’ post-transplant. Unexpectedly, the resection specimen showed an underlying grade III (Ki67 of 20.3%) pancreatic tail neuro-endocrine carcinoma with direct invasion of the spleen and diffuse liver metastasis with diffuse portomesenteric tumor thrombosis. The resection margins were negative. There was no nodal involvement and further imaging showed no residual tumor activity. Everolimus –by virtue of its anti-tumoral properties- was associated to classical tacrolimus and steroids-based immunosuppression. No adjuvant therapy was given. 2.5 years post-transplant, regular MRI scan and serum chromogranin levels have remained normal and the patient is leading a normal life. Conclusion: This case confirms that MVTx is an effective treatment for portomesenteric thrombosis. In addition, it demonstrates that MVTx could be considered in selected cases of extensive and otherwise unresectable intra-abdominal tumors. In the latter, MVTx – complete splanchnic exenteration and replacement- allows the greatest chance for complete tumoral clearance. In addition, arterial embolization immediately pre-transplant could induce tumor necrosis and prevent perioperative vascular seeding.
Application of Scratching Electrode Method for Corrosion Fatigue

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

It has been demonstrated that anodic dissolution rate of the bare surface of steels, which is produced in the process of crack propagation, is much greater than that of the steady-state surface near corrosion potential in NaCl aqueous solutions. In order to understand the roll of anodic dissolution on corrosion fatigue crack growth rate, both the corrosion fatigue and the bare surface polarization behavior were investigated on SCM435 steel in 3% NaCl aqueous solution. Corrosion fatigue tests were carried out under various potentials (-900--600mV) and frequencies (0.03-3Hz). Bare surface polarization curves were measured by scratching electrode method with various pH and dissolved oxygen content (DO).The results showed that the enhanecd acceleration of growth rate was observed when the potential was -600mV and the growth rate tended to increase as the frequency decreased. The theoretical curves calculated from anodic dissolution model predicted well the acceleration of the growth rate. It appaers to have a great possibility that the anodic dissolution is the rate-controlling factor in corrosion fatigue at low ΔK levels.
Deep Learning Based Fast Screening Approach on Ultrasound Images for Thyroid Nodules Diagnosis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Thyroid nodules are widespread in the United States and the rest of the world, with a prevalence ranging from 19 to 68%. The problem with nodules is whether they are malignant or benign. Ultrasonography is currently recommended as the initial modality for evaluating thyroid nodules. However, obtaining a good diagnosis from ultrasound imaging depends entirely on the radiologists levels of experience and other circumstances. There is a tremendous demand for automated and more reliable methods to screen ultrasound images more efficiently. This research proposes an efficient and quick detection deep learning approach for thyroid nodules. An open and publicly available dataset, Thyroid Digital Image Database (TDID), is used to determine the robustness of the suggested method. Each image is formatted into a pyramid tile-based data structure, which the proposed VGG-16 model evaluates to provide segmentation results for nodular detection. The proposed method adopts a top-down approach to hierarchically integrate high- and low-level features to distinguish nodules of varied sizes by employing fuse features effectively. The results demonstrated that the proposed method outperformed the U-Net model, achieving an accuracy of 99%, and was two times faster than the competitive model.
Orientation‐strain behaviour of crosslinked rubbers

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Procedures for the evaluation of quantitative orientation parameters using wide‐angle x‐ray scattering data are outlined. Data are presented for crosslinked natural rubber. a copolymer of polyethylene and polyvinylacetate and for polymethylmethacrylate. These quantitative orientation data are compared to the predictions of models of rubber elasticity. Critical comparisons are made with affine and phantom chain models and the variable network constraint model recently introduced by Erman and Flory. The effects of entanglements and segmental interactions are also considered. An approach is introduced which allows the evaluation of the level of intersegmental interaction contribution to the orientation‐strain behaviour.
Cooling of liquid in a tube under rotation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Good temperature homogenization and cooling time can create a more efficient and sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process. By using rotation, these can be achieved. This study attempts to understand the velocity and temperature fields inside this PCR-tube for a rotating and non-rotating case during the cooling process. Through computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the development of the flow in the PCR-tube can be studied in details. It is understood from the previous studies by Martensson et al. (2006) that rotation give rise to flow features that are unique. By comparing the differences in flow field for a rotating and a non-rotating tube with equivalent acceleration in the apex direction, the effect of Coriolis force specifically in affecting the cooling can be analyzed. In the initial transient state which occurs for only a short duration, the rotating flow field has distinct and unique flow features. Over longer time period, the rotating flow field approaches a similar flow pattern as the non-rotating flow field. Through analyzing the governing equations, this interesting phenomenon is a result of the reducing Coriolis force. In addition, rotating flow field shows better cooling rate than a non-rotating one. However, temperature homogenization remains a problem due to the inherent problem of stratification of the temperature profile. One possible idea to overcome stratification is to incorporate periodic translational motion into rotation. Due to time constraint, this has not been explore and studied upon.
Supplementary Data 1 from p300 Regulates Androgen Receptor–Independent Expression of Prostate-Specific Antigen in Prostate Cancer Cells Treated Chronically with Interleukin-6

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Supplementary Data 1 from p300 Regulates Androgen Receptor–Independent Expression of Prostate-Specific Antigen in Prostate Cancer Cells Treated Chronically with Interleukin-6
Relationship Between Union Membership, Union Satisfaction and Job Insecurity: An Application On Research Assistants

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Job insecurity is one of the most important and overarching issues facing employees in labour relations. It is important to know whether the unions aiming to protect the rights of employees and support them against the problems that arise in the working life have a functional role at the point of job insecurity. Main purpose of this study is to explore the impact of union membership and union satisfaction on job insecurity. In this context, questionnaire was applied to total of 222 research assistants working with 130;33/a and 92;50/d staff in Ataturk University. The data analysis includes descriptive statistic, t-test and a regression analysis through SPSS 22 program. In the study, it was observed that union membership did not have significant impact on job insecurity but union satisfaction had negative significant impact on job insecurity. In addition, it was determined that researchers with 33/a staff had lower job insecurity than researchers with 50/d staff.
Raloxifene Treatment Is Associated With Increased Serum Estradiol and Decreased Bone Remodeling in Healthy Middle-Aged Men With Low Sex Hormone Levels

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract In healthy middle-aged men, raloxifene treatment was associated with increased serum estradiol and decreased biochemical markers of bone turnover in subjects with estradiol levels below a threshold of 101.8 pM. Introduction: We investigated the effects of the selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene on bone remodeling in healthy middle-aged men. Materials and Methods: Forty-three healthy eugonadal men (mean age, 56 years; range, 49-70 years) were enrolled in a randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind, two-sequence crossover study. The subjects received either raloxifene 120 mg/day or placebo for 6 weeks, followed by a 2-month washout period, before crossing over. To predict changes of urinary total deoxypyridinoline/creatinine on raloxifene treatment, we used a logistic regression model to determine cut-off values of sex hormones for highest sensitivity and specificity. Results: In the whole group, raloxifene treatment was associated with an increase in serum sex hormones, that is, total testosterone (+13%, p &lt; 0.01), bioavailable testosterone (+11%, p = 0.02), total estradiol (+11%, p &lt; 0.002), and bioavailable estradiol (+11%, p = 0.035), and with a decrease in serum osteocalcin (−13%, p &lt; 0.05) and serum total alkaline phosphatase (−6%, p &lt; 0.05). Other biochemical markers of bone turnover remained unchanged. Using a logistic regression model to predict changes in urinary deoxypyridoline, we calculated thresholds for total (101.8 pM) and bioavailable (4.79 pM) estradiol, as well as for total (19.4 nM) and bioavailable (0.35 nM) testosterone. Raloxifene treatment was associated with an increase in serum estradiol and decrease in biochemical markers of bone turnover in men with estradiol values below these estradiol thresholds, without any significant change in subjects with values above them. Similarly, raloxifene treatment was associated with an increase in serum testosterone and a decrease in biochemical markers of bone turnover in those with baseline testosterone values below the testosterone thresholds. The association between antiresorptive effects of raloxifene and low sex hormone levels was more pronounced for estradiol than for testosterone. Conclusions: The antiresorptive effect of raloxifene was only detectable in men with low baseline estradiol levels. Unlike in postmenopausal women, the increase of estradiol may contribute to the antiresorptive effect of raloxifene in men.
On the Laplacian spectra of product graphs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Graph products and their structural properties have been studied extensively by many researchers. We investigate the Laplacian eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the product graphs for the four standard products, namely, the Cartesian product, the direct product, the strong product and the lexicographic product. A complete characterization of Laplacian spectrum of the Cartesian product of two graphs has been done by Merris. We give an explicit complete characterization of the Laplacian spectrum of the lexicographic product of two graphs using the Laplacian spectra of the factors. For the other two products, we describe the complete spectrum of the product graphs in some particular cases. We supply some new results relating to the algebraic connectivity of the product graphs. We describe the characteristic sets for the Cartesian product and for the lexicographic product of two graphs. As an application we construct new classes of Laplacian integral graphs.
Surface spin–flop transition in a uniaxial antiferromagnetic Fe/Cr superlattice induced by a magnetic field of arbitrary direction

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

An incorrect statement was made in the aforementioned paper. Namely that, for the investigated film system characterized by a moderate value of the uniaxial anisotropy, the first order spin–flop transition becomes continuous (i.e. of second order) for a skew angle ψ greater than a critical value ψmax=4.75 degrees .
Sound Recording - Negro and Communism - 1947 November 02

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Content note: The sound recording(s) associated with this repository item derive from a single audio reel tape. A single tape may yield multiple audio files if there were variations in tape stock, speed, or channels (i.e. stereo or mono). For more information see http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/108126.
Cost-Effective Synthesis of Diamond Nano-/Microstructures from Amorphous and Graphitic Carbon Materials: Implications for Nanoelectronics

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The synthesis of diamonds with different microstructures is important for various applications including nanoelectronic devices where diamonds can be implemented as heat spreaders. Here we report the synthesis of functional diamond microstructures and coatings, including diamond microfibers, microspheres, tubes, and large-area thin film, using amorphous and graphitic carbon precursors by hot filament chemical vapor deposition. The characteristics of microstructures depend upon initial carbon precursors and their laser annealing pretreatments. Low-cost and abundant carbon precursors act as diamond nucleation sites and accelerate diamond growth, while laser annealing can further promote the nucleation and growth of diamond. As a result, carbon microfibers are converted to diamond microfibers, while large diamond microspheres are formed from multipulse laser-annealed carbon microfibers. Both of the diamond structures consist of 5-fold twinned microcrystallites. Highly dense and phase-pure diamond films are observed using porous carbon seed, and individual diamond tubes with porous walls are obtained by using carbon nanotube hollow fibers. The electron backscatter diffraction analysis confirms the diamond cubic lattice structure, while sharp diamond peaks (1331–1333 cm–1) in Raman spectra demonstrate the excellent diamond quality of prepared diamond microstructures.
Sir William Howe: A Study in Failed Strategic Leadership

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract : This paper examines the strategic leadership competencies of British General William Howe during the American Revolution (1775-1778). During the American War of Independence, General Howe displayed periodic tactical brilliance and operational competence but consistent strategic ineptitude. After arriving in America, Howe was quickly thrust into the position of Commander-in-Chief of British Forces and General of North America. Howe's lack of self awareness, ineptness in managing the personalities of his subordinate commanders, personal biases, and lack of political savvy resulted in the strategic failure of the British war effort. Howe's difficulty in transitioning from tactical, through operational to the strategic level provides a useful example as to the dramatically different challenges faced by current leaders as they prepare for and address similar challenges in our contemporary operational and strategic environment.
E-Tenon: An Efficient Privacy-Preserving Secure Open Data Sharing Scheme for EHR System

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The transition from paper-based information to Electronic-Health-Records (EHRs) has driven various advancements in the modern healthcare-industry. In many cases, patients need to share their EHR with healthcare professionals. Given the sensitive and security-critical nature of EHRs, it is essential to consider the security and privacy issues of storing and sharing EHR. However, existing security solutions excessively encrypt the whole database, thus requiring the entire database to be decrypted for each access request, which is a time-consuming process. On the other hand, the use of EHR for medical research (e.g., development of precision-medicine, diagnostics-techniques), as well as optimisation of practices in healthcare organisations, requires the EHR to be analysed, and for that, they should be easily accessible without compromising the privacy of the patient. In this paper, we propose an efficient technique called E-Tenon that not only securely keeps all EHR publicly accessible but also provides the desirable security features. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work in which an Open Database is used for protecting EHR. The proposed E-Tenon empowers patients to securely share their EHR under multi-level, fine-grained access policies defined by themselves. Analyses show that our system outperforms existing solutions in terms of computational-complexity.
Cacospongia hermanorum: Brandt, M., Martinez, P.C., Leoro-Berrazueta, P., Bensted-Smith, W., Domínguez, O., Espinoza, E., Grove, J.S., Keith, I., Rivera, F.E., Suárez, J., Tapia, I. & Tirado-Sánchez, N.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species.
Income Inequality and Polarization in the United States

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Economic inequality has been on the rise in the United States for decades, as has political polarization. Pulling from grievance theory and relative deprivation theory, I explore the relationship between these two trends, predicting economic inequality may actually contribute to citizen polarization. I also predict that polarization of identities, issue opinions, and feelings towards groups polarize differently. In this study I test using linear regression analysis and data primarily from the American National Election Study whether income inequality and perceived growth of the income gap over 20 years affect ideological, substantive, and affective polarization from 2004-2016. I also examine the nature of polarization across several measurements and over time. I find mild evidence of polarization brought on by inequality, and even more evidence of leftward shifts from members of both parties. Furthermore, these results are stronger for issues and groups closely related to inequality. Though economic inequality trends show no signs of abating any time soon, these results suggest that partisans actually converge on opinions and feelings more often than expected, meaning the public may similarly support policies addressing the problems that cause inequality.