jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Studying the impact of intensity is important but complicated

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This commentary suggests that the most commonly studied aspect intensity (dose frequency) on overall rate of response to treatment may often be weak or conditional. To improve statistical power of tests of weak effects additive statistical models have typically been used. However, multiplicative models may be a more productive route to understanding dose frequency effects on children's speech and language development. To illustrate, recent findings are presented that dose frequency effects on vocabulary development varied by two child characteristics. Finally, it is suggested that spacing of teaching episodes within an intervention session be included as a variable in the multi-dimensional model of treatment intensity. Spacing teaching episodes may eventually prove to be one of the more powerful aspects of intensity.
PARALLELIZING AN APPLICATION WITH TIME-INCREASING WORKLOAD USING ADAPTIVE PROCESSOR ALLOCATION

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents our experience in parallelizing a Monte Carlo/fluid hybrid simulation of radio frequency glow discharge in plasma physics. The application is a dynamic loosely-synchronous system with time-increasing workload. We adopt adaptive processor allocation to effectively parallelize the time-increasing workload. The results show that adaptive processor allocation has potential to improve performance of parallel applications with time-varying workloads. The methods proposed in this paper can be applied to other dynamic loosely-synchronous applications as well.
Simple model of liquid piston compressor

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The study proposes a new 0D thermodynamic model for the fast and simple evaluation of Liquid Piston compressors whose geometry and operation are determined by large number of parameters. With the proposed model, the evaluation of the parameters becomes easier, more dependencies are found and the understanding of the influences of parameter changes is deepened. Therefore, optimal designs for the mentioned machines can be created and tested experimentally. During the study, the model was validated with experimental and CFD data, and the results showed good agreement. It was found that evaluation criteria need to be defined for each set of geometric and operational parameters in order to compare the designs.
Supplementary Material for: Camptothecin-Induced Replication Stress Affects DNA Replication Profiling by E/L Repli-Seq

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

E/L Repli-seq is a powerful tool for detecting cell type-specific replication landscapes in mammalian cells, but its potential to monitor DNA replication under replication stress awaits better understanding. Here, we used E/L Repli-seq to examine the temporal order of DNA replication in human retinal pigment epithelium cells treated with the topoisomerase I inhibitor camptothecin. We found that the replication profiles by E/L Repli-seq exhibit characteristic patterns after replication-stress induction, including the loss of specific initiation zones within individual early replication timing domains. We also observed global disappearance of the replication timing domain structures in the profiles, which can be explained by checkpoint-dependent suppression of replication initiation. Thus, our results demonstrate the effectiveness of E/L Repli-seq at identifying cells with replication-stress-induced altered DNA replication programs.
Slew Propagation and Optimization in VLSI Design

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Propagation of slew in design is an important aspect while performing the static timing analysis (STA) of a design. Slew has a direct impact on delay of a timing path and could make the design pass or fail the timing closure. This research paper introduces the concept of slew and how it is propagated in two different ways in the design, and how this is a problem in itself to choose between the incident-slews at a slew merging point. In static timing analysis (STA), the waveforms that change are measured in terms of how fast or slow they change. The slew is measured in terms of the time it takes to transition from one level to the other. The rate of change is defined as the slew. The slew rate has inverse relationship with the transition time. If the slew is slow, then the transition time is more and if the slew is fast, the transition time is less. In a digital circuit design, there are points where timing arcs merge. Such points could be termed as slew merging points. In such conflicts, there are two approaches to move forward. The first approach is graph-based static timing analysis. In a graph- based approach, the worst case delays are taken into consideration by taking into the account the worst case slews (slow slews) along the timing paths, for setup analysis. While in case of hold analysis, the best case delays are taken into consideration by taking into the account the best case slews (fast slews) along the timing paths. The second approach is path-based static timing analysis. In this approach, the actual delays are taken into consideration by taking into account the actual slews along the timing paths, for setup as well as hold analysis. In path-based static timing analysis, delay is computed of the timing path so as to obtain the actual delay values. Such delay calculation takes some extra amount of time. There is a trade-off between this extra calculation time and accurate delay calculation. The synthesized gate-level net-lists are sourced in the tool along with the required files. These files include liberty timing files, which include the timing information for various cells present in the design. Library exchange files are also fed in which includes the information about various metal layers used for routing. The presence of this file makes the post-route timing possible as the values of resistances and capacitances could be extracted from interconnects. Graph-based and path-based approach are followed differently on the design. In the graph-based approach, initial timing reports are generated and then after optimizing the design for slack improvement, post-route timing reports are generated which are analysed.
Theory of vibrational relaxation of polyatomic molecules in liquids

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A simple tractable theory of vibrational relaxation of polyatomic molecules in polyatomic solvents, which is also applicable to solid solutions, is presented. The theory takes as its starting point Fermi’s golden rule, avoids additional assumptions such as the rotating wave or random phase approximations, and treats both the internal degrees of freedom of the relaxing molecule and the bath degrees of freedom in a fully quantum mechanical manner. The results yield intuitively understandable expressions for the relaxation rates. The treatment of the annihilation as well as the creation of all participating bosons allows the theory to go beyond earlier analyses which treated only cascade processes. New predicted features include temperature effects and asymmetry effects in the frequency dependence. The theory is constructed in a manner which facilitates the use of recent developments in the analysis of instantaneous normal modes of liquids.
Radio Telemetry and Harmonic Radar Tracking of the Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White) (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Lycorma delicatula (White) (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), spotted lanternfly (SLF), is an invasive pest that feeds and oviposits on numerous woody and herbaceous plants important to agricultural, forest, ornamental, and nursery industries. Describing and understanding SLF movements is key to implementing surveillance and control strategies for this pest and projecting population spread. We used radio telemetry (RT) and harmonic radar (HR) to track the movements of individual SLF at field sites in eastern Pennsylvania and northwestern New Jersey. SLF equipped with HR or RT tags were tracked in 2019 and 2020 from adult emergence until oviposition time, and their movements are described. Although the bulkier RT tags disproportionately affected the distance traveled by males, which are smaller than females, both males and females were more likely to be lost due to signal attenuation when affixed with the lighter-weight HR tags. Females were tracked moving longer distances than males, with maximum distances of 434 m by a single female and 57 m by a single male. A significant positive relationship was found between their height in trees and the distance of subsequent movement. Adult SLF were found in trees predominantly at heights between 6–9 m high. For the fraction of SLF found at eye level, males, but not females, significantly moved above eye level in the weeks prior to mating, likely resulting in the observed sex ratio shift that defines the Early-2 stage. During mating time, tracked SLF were significantly higher than 8 m and oriented to trees where tight aggregations of SLF were present. This orientation towards tight aggregations started when mating began and peaked in the following 2.5 weeks for males in Late-1 and the beginning of Late-2 (after oviposition began), whereas females started this orientation behavior a half-week after males, and this activity peaked for two weeks. Male and female SLF adults exhibited slight differences in host preference, and strong preferences for wild grape, black walnut, sweet birch, and tree-of-heaven were observed. The HR-tagged nymphs moved up to 27.6 m over a five-day period in a cornfield. Nitinol wire HR tags performed better than Wollaston process or tungsten wire tags. SLF movement parameters in the field are described.
Internet of Things challenges

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The last years have been characterized by impressive growth of the Internet, and consequently by the increased number of users. This growth has been following the evolution of the Web, in the begin the Web 1.0 known as Web of Information connections until the present day with the Web 4.0, the Web of Intelligence connections, and the fast development of wireless communication technologies, embedded sensors, real-time localization and wireless sensor networks (WSN), leading to the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT opens an unprecedented window of opportunity for organizations, creating new sources of value for the business, for those who are betting on improving their processes agility and data capabilities.
Screening and identification of human anti-HIF-1α scFv of lung adenocarcinoma

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To screen human anti-hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α scFv of lung adenocarcinoma from large phage antibody library and identify the positive clones. Methods Panning of large phage antibody library against lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and HIF-1α was conducted respectively to select specific antibodies. E. coli HB2151 was infected to induce the expression of soluble scFv. The binding activity and specificity were tested by ELISA and immunocytochemical assay. The expression and relative molecular weight of the soluble scFv was detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. Results After panning,the target scFv was enriched,and ELISA results showed that positive reactions to HIF-1α were detected in 5 of 10 random clones with a positive ratio of 50%. Immunocytochemical analysis showed the specific affinity of the antibodies to A549 cells. The soluble human anti-HIF-1α scFv fragments of lung adenocarcinoma were expressed in E. coli HB2151 and then confirmed by SDS-PAGE. The result of Western blotting showed that the relative molecular weight of the soluble scFv was about 30×103. The binding activity and specificity were confirmed by ELISA. Conclusion Human anti-HIF-1α scFv of lung adenocarcinoma is successfully obtained with large phage antibody library technique.
S-(Trifluoromethyl)dibenzothiophenium Triflate

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

[129946-88-9] C14H8F6O3S2 (MW 402.36) InChI = 1S/C13H8F3S.CHF3O3S/c14-13(15,16)17-11-7-3-1-5-9(11)10-6-2-4-8-12(10)17;2-1(3,4)8(5,6)7/h1-8H;(H,5,6,7)/q+1;/p-1 InChIKey = QXXHXTRTGZBOGD-UHFFFAOYSA-M (trifluoromethylating agent for many nucleophilic substrates) Physical Data: mp 155 °C. Solubility: sol MeCN, DMF, DMSO; slightly sol THF, CH2Cl2; insol Et2O. Form Supplied in: white crystals; commercially available. Analysis of Reagent Purity: 1H and 19F NMR, IR. Purification: recrystallization from CH3CN/Et2O at rt. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: nonhygroscopic and thermally stable crystals; should be stored in a dry atmosphere protected from light.
Dietary niche breadth influences the effects of urbanization on the gut microbiota of sympatric rodents

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Cities are among the most extreme forms of anthropogenic ecosystem modification, and urbanization processes exert profound effects on animal populations through multiple ecological pathways. Increased access to human‐associated food items may alter species' foraging behavior and diet, in turn modifying the normal microbial community of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), ultimately impacting their health. It is crucial we understand the role of dietary niche breadth and the resulting shift in the gut microbiota as urban animals navigate novel dietary resources. We combined stable isotope analysis of hair and microbiome analysis of four gut regions across the GIT to investigate the effects of urbanization on the diet and gut microbiota of two sympatric species of rodents with different dietary niches: the omnivorous large Japanese field mouse ( Apodemus speciosus ) and the relatively more herbivorous gray red‐backed vole ( Myodes rufocanus ). Both species exhibited an expanded dietary niche width within the urban areas potentially attributable to novel anthropogenic foods and altered resource availability. We detected a dietary shift in which urban A. speciosus consumed more terrestrial animal protein and M. rufocanus more plant leaves and stems. Such changes in resource use may be associated with an altered gut microbial community structure. There was an increased abundance of the presumably probiotic Lactobacillus in the small intestine of urban A. speciosus and potentially pathogenic Helicobacter in the colon of M. rufocanus . Together, these results suggest that even taxonomically similar species may exhibit divergent responses to urbanization with consequences for the gut microbiota and broader ecological interactions.
Gene-gene Interaction of AhR With and Within the Wnt Cascade Affects Susceptibility to Lung Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction: Aberrant Wnt signalling, regulating cell development and stemness, is observed in many cancer entities. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor ( AhR ) mediates tumorigenesis of environmental pollutants. Complex interaction patterns of genes assigned to AhR/Wnt -signalling were recently associated to lung cancer susceptibility. Aim: To assess the association and predictive ability of AhR/Wnt -genes with lung cancer in cases and controls of European descent. Methods: Odds ratios (OR) were estimated for genomic variants assigned to the genes DKK2 , DKK3 , DKK4 , FRZB , SFRP4 and Axin2 and other lung cancer-related genes. Logistic regression models with variable selection were trained, validated and tested to predict lung cancer. Further, decision trees were created to investigate variant x variant interaction. All analyses were performed for overall lung cancer and for subgroups. Results: No association with overall lung cancer was observed, but within the subgroups of ever smokers (e.g. maker rs2722278 SFRP4; OR=1.20; 95%-CI: 1.13-1.27; p=5.6 10 -10 ) and never smokers. Although predictability is poor, AhR/Wnt-variants are unexpected overrepresented in optimized prediction scores for overall lung cancer and for small cell lung cancer. Remarkable, the score for never-smokers contained solely two AhR/Wnt-variants . The optimal decision tree for never smokers consists of 7 AhR/Wnt-variants and only two lung cancer variants, no assigned to any CHRN gene. Conclusions: The role of variants belonging to Wnt / AhR- pathways in lung cancer susceptibility may be underrated in main-effects association analysis. Complex interaction patterns in individuals of European descent have moderate predictive capacity for lung cancer or subgroups thereof, especially in never smokers.
Morphological analysis of carbon steels using fractal geometry

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we present the preliminary results of morphological analysis of Fe59Mn36.5Al3.10C3.56Cu0.237%Wt alloy. This alloy was prepared by mechanical alloying with various milling times, then hot compacted at various pressures and finally underwent presented a sintering process. The samples were characterized structurally by experimental techniques such as: X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Each micrograph was analysed by fractal dimension using the Box Counting method in 2D; this type of tool allows you to assign a numerical value to the region which has been applied the technic. This numerical value is associated with the properties obtained by experimental techniques such as microhardness.
Legionella pneumonia from a novel industrial aerosol.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

After a worker from a plastics factory was diagnosed with legionella pneumonia it was learnt that a retired employee at the factory had been in hospital with a serious chest infection six months before and legionella pneumonia was diagnosed in retrospect from stored serum. The likeliest common source was a machine cooling system that took water from an uncovered water tank outdoors (from which Legionella pneumophila was isolated) and which generated an aerosol through a crack in the flow meter sight glass.
Effect of A Self-Efficacy Enhancing Program on Dietary and Exercise Behaviors in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease After Receiving Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Treatment

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) need to change health behaviors which may pose risk factors for this condition. However, changing eating habits and adopting regular exercise remain areas of deficiency among this group. This is because these behaviors have been practiced for a long time and have become habitual, making them difficult to change. Most importantly, patients often lack confidence or self-efficacy in their ability to modify these behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance self-efficacy in this group to support dietary and exercise habit changes. Purpose: This study aimed to compare the dietary and exercise behaviors of CAD who have received PCI intervention treatment and a self-efficacy promotion program, and those who received standard care. Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental study using a two-group posttest design. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 56 patients with CAD who had received PCI at Petcharat Cardiac Intensive Care Unit 4C and Petcharat Ward 16B, Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, between June 2024 and January 2025. Of these, 28 patients were assigned to a control group that received standard care, while the remaining 28 patients in the experimental group received a self-efficacy enhancing program on dietary and exercise behaviors. The research instruments included: 1) the General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale; 2) a self-efficacy enhancing program on dietary and exercise behaviors; 3) a handbook on disease and appropriate health behavior regarding diet and exercise; 4) video media presenting a symbolic model on appropriate eating behavior; 5) video media presenting a symbolic model on appropriate exercise behavior; 6) a questionnaire on dietary behavior specific to cardiovascular disease; and 7) a questionnaire on exercise behavior of patients with acute myocardial infarction after undergoing coronary angioplasty. Analysis of data was conducted using descriptive statistics, and the Mann-Whitney U and independent t-test. Results: The experimental group which received the self-efficacy enhancing program had significantly higher scores for both dietary and exercise behaviors compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These results indicate that the program is effective in promoting healthy eating and exercise behaviors in patients with CAD after PCI. Therefore, this program should be integrated into standard care for this patient group.
Operation ‘Bring Them Home’: learning from the large-scale repatriation of overseas Filipino workers in times of crisis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In crisis events such as wars, natural disasters and epidemics, migrant workers are among the hardest hit and most vulnerable to displacement, unemployment and the loss of income. The coronavirus pandemic has drawn attention to the role of sending states in protecting labour migrants during disruptions, particularly by returning them to countries of origin. This article highlights the understudied aspect of repatriation, which needs to be unpacked as a process involving actors, policies and practices that shape a sending state's capacity for migrant protection. Through data and document analysis, the article examines the Philippines' experience of repatriating Filipino migrant workers from host countries during crises, focusing on three points. First, institutional and legislative policies configure repatriation in the Philippines' migration system as a process of facilitated return and assistance. Second, past crisis events show how the government's large-scale repatriation efforts adapted to specific situations, but also faced challenges with operational and resource capacities. Third, repatriation in the COVID-19 crisis suggests that a critical post-arrival phase of assistance remains underdeveloped. The discussion reveals the uneven approach of the sending state, which has built a comprehensive system of labour export, but a less coordinated repatriation system and an less fortified reintegration policy.
An Analysis of Pastoral Counselling Practices for Married Persons among Selected Christian Churches in Gweru Urban

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study investigated the effectiveness of pastoral counselling practices for married persons among selected Christian churches in Gweru Urban. The research design adopted for this study was the descriptive survey design. The research used a convenient sample of 70 ordinary church members to respond to the counsellor effectiveness questionnaire, 5 pastors/priests responded to the pastors questionnaire and 12 ordinary church members participated in the focus group discussion making a total of 87 research respondents. Data were collected by use of questionnaires and focus group discussions. Results indicated that church members present marriage issues that are found in any other population for counselling. Marriages within the church are traditional, civil or church based. To deal with issues presented, pastoral counsellors use mostly group counselling and individual counselling to a limited extent. Training of pastors does not include counselling though clients think it is part of the training. These findings agree with reviewed literature though there is conflicting direction as to the influence of culture and how it should be handled within the church. The study therefore recommends that research be conducted into pastoral counselling which should also include observation of how pastoral counsellors do their work in addition to use of other instruments to get a clearer picture of what takes place.