jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cancer Registration in Basrah-Southern Iraq: Validation by Household Survey

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

On an international scale, the burden of cancer in absolute numbers continues to increase, mainly due to aging of population in many countries, the overall growth of the world population, changing lifestyle with increasing cancer-causing behavior, like cigarette smoking, changing dietary habits and sedentary life. Cancer is the second-leading cause of death and disability in the world, after only heart disease. Recently, increasing incidence and mortality of cancer have also become evident in the developing world. In Iraq and particularly in Basrah in the southern part of the country, the burden has definitely increased and deserves extensive research. The present paper is part of an extensive household survey carried out in Basrah in 2013. Among the objectives was to validate official cancer registration in the governorate. The cross-sectional survey had a retrospective component to inquire about the incidence of cancer and cancer-related deaths during the three years preceding the date of inquiry (2010-2012). A convenient sample of 6,999 households with 40,688 inhabitants using multistage cluster sampling was surveyed involving all urban and rural areas of Basrah. The official cancer registration activities in Basrah seemed to have attained a high level of registration coverage (70-80%) but the gap, represented by missed cases, is still high enough to criticize the system. Most of the missing cases were either not notified by treating facilities or they were diagnosed and treated outside Basrah. Using a set of parameters, the pattern of cancer was consistent based on data of the household survey and data of the cancer registry but a gap still existed in the coverage of incident cancer and mortality by cancer registration. Integrated serious steps are required to contain the risk of cancer and its burden on the patient through improving the registration process, improving early detection, diagnostic and management capabilities and encouraging scientific research to explore the hidden risk factors and possible causes of low registration coverage. Periodic household surveys seemed feasible and essential to support routine registration.
Technical Note and Cover

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The advent of Earth Resources Technology has added a new dimension to observing, studying and interpreting the ground objects of an area. Since the inception of operational remote sensing researchers have made continuous efforts to generate elevation data from satellite images, thus producing a digital elevation model (DEM). A DEM is a surface generated from the elevation data which is used for various geospatial analyses. However, high spatial resolution and an accurate DEM of the entire globe is still not available to the user community. Furthermore, requirements of DEMs of rugged terrain are very high since other DEM generation approaches have severe limitations in highly rugged terrains like the Himalayas. Several studies have been carried out in this direction, but have mainly focused on stereo pair data of the same sensor, deriving the DEM from these datasets. In recent years Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry technique has been developed to generate DEM, but without any success in highly...
Focus Groups: How Feedback from Employees Can Impact the Decision-Making Process

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The idea for the use of focus groups as a management tool was derived from a planned assessment with student employees. The success of the student employee focus groups led the researchers to expand the use of these groups with the library staff. In the evaluation of the results, the researchers discovered that the feedback from both focus groups could be shared with administration, potentially resulting in the management team making the suggested changes in the work environment. This article addresses the process of using focus groups as assessment tools and potential change agents for managerial decision-making.
Evaluation and Applicationof Best Practice in AnalyticalMethod Validation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The coherent body of research described in the existing published work is
concerned with new assay method development and validation using novel
systematic approaches for pharmaceutical and diagnostic compounds.
The first stage of the research was to study how analytical method development
and validation are typically carried out at present and to formulate this into a
simple step-by-step approach. Such a template and protocol was not only used
as the foundation of this research programme but could also serve as a simple
systematic guide for other practitioners and those new to the field. Furthermore,
it was recognised that this protocol should satisfy the requirements of the most
strategically important regulatory agencies.
The second stage of this research involved evaluation and application of the
above validation approach to new methods that were developed for a diverse
range of analytes and samples. A new purity assay for 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-
dione and 4,7-phenanthroline-5,6-dione using high-performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC) was developed and validated. Impurities in these
compounds were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS).
Best practice in method development and validation is equally important in
the analysis of both active components and excipients in formulated products. In
the first case, a liquid chromatography assay method for determining the content
of 2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl) acetamide in a gel formulation was
developed and validated. In the second case, the individual contents of three phydroxy
benzoic acid ester preservatives in a complex multi-component sample
were determined following the development and validation of a liquid
chromatography method.
Finally, the validation approach was evaluated as applied to another analytical
technique. Here, gas chromatography (GC) successfully used to develop a novel
assay for p-cymene in tea tree oil formulations presented different analytical
problems because of the very complex nature of this natural product. Stability
study information to increase the shelf life of the product and validation data for
the analytical method for p-cymene content was critically evaluated.
iv
In essence, the critical review of the requirements for method validation for
various agencies and the subsequent preparation of guidelines on how to go
about method validation have had a significant impact on how analytical
practitioners worldwide go about method development and, more importantly,
method validation. Further it was possible to apply these guidelines to conduct a
series of effective, successful method validation for assays involving a range of
typical pharmaceutical samples.
Religion and political survival: The regional strategies of Iran, Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Qatar

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Do Middle Eastern regimes use the contest between secularism and religion as a domestic authoritarian survival strategy, and if so, has this been projected into their regional policies in response to the ‘Arab Spring’? Post-Secular Theory has focused on the role of religion in domestic politics, neglecting the international and regional sphere, whilst also disproportionately focusing on the West, neglecting, for instance, the Middle East. To address this gap in the literature, this research looks at the domestic motivations for foreign policy, specifically for the purposes of regime survival in four key states: Iran, Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Qatar. The investigation uses existing theories that consider regime survival strategies, such as Selectorate Theory, and religion and domestic politics, including Jonathan Fox’s Secular-Religious Competition Perspective. These have been adapted and applied to the Middle East, exploring their usefulness beyond providing explanations for domestic political behaviour. \nTo test this, the co-optation patterns of sect and degree of secularism/fundamentalism within Iran, Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Qatar was compared to the militias sponsored by each respective regime in the civil wars in Syria and Yemen as a means of discovering the existence of authoritarian survival strategies that use religion in the regional sphere. The research found that the case study states sponsored militias that matched the regime’s domestic winning coalition of support in terms of position on the secular-fundamentalist scale and sect. The secular-fundamentalist scale was created to rate the regimes and the militias in terms of religiosity. In doing so, it provides a tool for assessing the ongoing societal contest between secularism and religion, as outlined by Fox’s Secular-Religious Competition Perspective. \nThe significance of this research is that it establishes the presence of the contest between secularism and religion, and also sectarianism, as regime survival strategies in the regional sphere, specifically in militia sponsorship in Yemen and Syria. Therefore, this research proposes the incorporation of an additional causal variable into explanations for international state behaviour in the Middle East: the desire of elites to stay in power and the subsequent regional externalisation of the domestic strategies they use to secure their rule.
Reactivation of progressive motility in hamster sperm modified by Triton X-100.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY Epididymal hamster sperm, denuded of their plasma membrane with Triton X-100 and washed free of cytosol, were found to become progressively motile in defined media containing ATPI and salts. The chemical requirements for motility were investigated and several experimental observations were made that were relevant to the mechanism and control of sperm motility.
Identification of some drug tablets by infrared spectrophotometry

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective To establish a rapid method of identifying some drug tablets by infrared spectrophotometry.Methods Recrystallization methods were used for the separations and the residues extracted were identified by infrared spectrophotometry.Results The samples got the same Infrared spectrums comparing with the standard Spectrum.Conclusion The method is specific,quick and convenient and can be used for identifing some drug preparations rapidly.
GOUGEROT-HAILEY-HAILEY’S FAMILIAL BENIGN CHRONIC PEMPHIGUS: A CASE REPORT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The review of the literature on epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment methods for chronic familial benign pemphigus Gougerot-Haley-Haley, as well as a clinical case of a patient with this disease with family history are presented. The manifestation of the disease occurred at the age of 24, after childbirth. Later there were numerous relapses. Remission was quickly achieved after treatment with antibiotics and oxygen-ozone therapy. In recent years, there has been an increase in the frequency of exacerbations of the disease, and a decrease in treatment effectiveness.
Prose, Francine : fiction reading; April 9th, 1997

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

<center>Contents:</center>\n<br clear="all"/>\n<a href="https://drc.libraries.uc.edu/bitstream/handle/2374.UC/697140/Elliston_Francine_Prose_04-09-97_A.mp3?sequence=6">All tracks</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fiction Reading reading [complete]\n<br clear="all" />\n<a href="https://drc.libraries.uc.edu/bitstream/handle/2374.UC/697140/Elliston_Francine_Prose_04-09-97_A_Track_01.mp3?sequence=7">Track 01</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Guided Tours of Hell\n<br clear="all" />\n<a href="https://drc.libraries.uc.edu/bitstream/handle/2374.UC/697140/Elliston_Francine_Prose_04-09-97_A_Track_02.mp3?sequence=8">Track 02</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Three Pigs in Five Days
Remote radioactive waste drum inspection with an autonomous mobile robot

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An autonomous mobile robot is being developed to perform remote surveillance and inspection task on large numbers of stored radioactive waste drums. The robot will be self guided through narrow storage aisles and record the visual image of each viewable drum for subsequent off line analysis and archiving. The system will remove the personnel from potential exposure to radiation, perform the require inspections, and improve the ability to assess the long term trends in drum conditions.
The assistant and co-author of Fyodor Dostoevsky

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The paper presents the results of a comprehensive study on Anna Dostoevskaja’s role in the creative process of Fyodor Dostoevsky. She was not only the wife of the great writer but a professional shorthand writer and a copyist as well. At the time of writing his novel The Gambler , Dostoevsky and his assistant worked out a model of creativity in which priority was given to stenographic writing that could trace and fix the writer’s exciting ideas. During the subsequent work on his literary writings including e.g. The Great Pentateuch , this model of the creative process remained unaltered. Dostoevsky’s wife was his Muse, co-thinker, interlocutor, the first listener and the first critic of his creations, and the co-author of burlesque verses. Her impressions, stories, and their private conversations were used by Dostoevsky in his literary works. Several years of joint creative work with the brilliant writer developed in his assistant literary skills thanks to which she wrote masterful memoirs that obtained worldwide recognition. Dostoevsky appreciated his wife’s contribution to his literary activity thereby dedicating his greatest novel The Brothers Karamazov to her.
Effect of Metformin in Preventing Insulin-Mediated Proliferation of p53 and Liver Kinase B1 Mutant and Wild-Type Lung Cancer Cell Lines

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Lung cancer and diabetes mellitus (DM) are diseases of high occurrence worldwide.Increased incidence of lung cancer in DM patients is frequently observed.In this context, an insulin-sensitizing drug, metformin (biguanides) may have inhibitory effects on the proliferation of lung cancer cells.Aim: The present study was aimed to evaluate the growth proliferation effect of insulin on nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines.It also proposed to assess the preventive role of metformin in insulin-mediated proliferation in p53 and liver kinase B1 (LKB1) mutant and wild-type cell lines. Materials and methods:Two non small cell lung carcinoma cell lines, A549 and H1299 (p53 and LKB1 wild-type and mutant) were used to analyze the mitogenic role of insulin by incubating for 24 hours with human recombinant insulin at concentrations of 1nM to 10µM and followed by the addition of metformin (concentrations from 1µM to 50mM) for 24 hours along with insulin (500nM for A549 and 1µM for H1299).The proliferation was assessed by MTT dye reduction test.Results: Both the cell lines exhibited a significant and dosedependent growth proliferation (p < 0.001) with different concentrations of insulin.This was effectively (p < 0.001) inhibited by metformin treatment for 24 hours.The maximum reduction in growth was 73% and 67% for A549 and H1299 respectively. Conclusions:Insulin in high circulating concentrations can augment the growth proliferation of lung cancer cells.Metformin can inhibit this in a multifaceted way, wherein the mechanism of action is independent of p53 and liver kinase B1.Clinical significance: Metformin could inhibit the insulinmediated proliferation of cells, and hence it may be considered for the new therapeutic policies for treatment of human NSCLC.
Tele NICU Connect – The Concept and Solution for Neonatal Application Biomedical Engineering

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

India contributes about 30% infant mortality of of the world and maximum number of deaths happens within 2 to 4 weeks of bay born. Pediatricians are less in numbers for treating sickest neonates and also trained nursing staff is less for treating critical care babies. The biggest problem is non-availability of vital health information to Pediatrician where ever they are and on time (online). Manual data capturing errors in NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) may result in wrong diagnosis and treatment. Our solution aims at providing real-time remote monitoring connected through critical care medical devices and video solution. The technology helps in monitoring key vital health parameters remotely and assess the trending of the crisis over period of time. This helps in providing right medical intervention at the correct time
Validation of a Portuguese Version of the Situational Motivation Scale (SIMS) in Academic Contexts

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

"The Situational Motivation Scale (sims), seeks to evaluate the motivation experienced when carrying out a speci¿c task. The purpose of this research was to validate a Portuguese-language version of the scale, using a sample of 409 students, by attempting to reproduce its factor structure. The reliability analysis revealed acceptable internal consistency indexes in all subscales. Construct validity was assessed through Con¿rmatory Factor Analysis. The contributions of the factors and index of goodness-of-¿t demonstrated the need to eliminate two items, which seems to agree with the results in other validation studies. Overall, results revealed that the sims is composed of four consistent factors and attested its psychometric quality. The scale does seem to represent a self-report measure of situational intrinsic motivation, identi¿ed regulation, external regulation, and amotivation, and can be widely used for the assessment of this construct in Portuguese academic contexts."
Application of the embedded atom model to liquid mercury

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The pair contribution to the potential of the embedded atom model (EAM) for liquid mercury has been corrected and arranged in a more convenient analytical form. A series of 2000 atom models of liquid mercury has been developed using molecular dynamics at temperatures up to 1673 K, and a good agreement with the data on density has been obtained. The pair correlation functions (PCFs), energy, bulk compression modulus, and self-diffusion coefficients have been calculated. Standard deviations of the PCF of the models from the diffraction PCF of mercury at all temperatures except for 293 K are rather high (0.08–0.10). As in the case of alkaline metals, the energy of the models at high temperatures is lower compared with actual mercury, which is due to insufficient adequacy of the EAM potential and neglect of thermal energy of electrons in the embedded atom model. Using the data on shock compression of mercury, an equation for the embedding potential of the EAM is proposed, which is suitable for description of strong compression states, and an agreement has been obtained with the experimental data on the energy and pressure of mercury along the Hugoniot curve at pressures up to 46 GPa.
The Epidemiological Analysis of Women' s Sexually Transmitted Disease in Zhongshan City,2010—2012

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemiological characteristics of women 's sexually transmitted disease(STD)and to make effective prevention and control measures to provide a basis.METHODS Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyse the syphilis,acuteness wet wart,gonorrhea,genital herpes and genital chlamydia trachomatis infection case report cards of women of Zhongshan City.RESULTS 5 193 women cases of syphilis,acuteness wet wart,gonorrhea,genital herpes and genital chlamydia trachomatis infection were reported during 2010 — 2012 in Zhongshan,the cases were mainly 18～25 and concentrated in the commercial service,workers,housework and unemployment,farmers.Condyloma acuminatum,genital chlamydia trachomatis infection,syphilis were the advantage diseases.CONCLUSIONS The tertiary preventionconcept and the destroy source of infection,cut off the transmission way and protect easy feeling crowd comprehensive prevention should be adopted and control the spread of STD,and promote the health of women.
The effects of heat stress and plane of nutrition on metabolism in growing pigs1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Heat stress (HS) jeopardizes pig health, reduces performance variables, and results in a fatter carcass. Whether HS directly or indirectly (via reduced feed intake) is responsible for the suboptimal production is not known. Crossbred gilts (n = 48; 35 ± 4 kg BW) were housed in constantly climate-controlled rooms in individual pens and exposed to 1) thermal-neutral (TN) conditions (20°C; 35% to 50% humidity) with ad libitum intake (n = 18), 2) HS conditions (35°C; 20% to 35% humidity) with ad libitum intake (n = 24), or 3) pair-fed [PF in TN conditions (PFTN), n = 6, to eliminate confounding effects of dissimilar feed intake (FI)]. Pigs in the TN and HS conditions were sacrificed at 1, 3, or 7 d of environmental exposure, whereas the PFTN pigs were sacrificed after 7 d of experimental conditions. Individual rectal temperature (Tr), skin temperature (Ts), respiration rates (RR), and FI were determined daily. Pigs exposed to HS had an increase (P < 0.01) in Tr (39.3°C vs. 40.8°C) and a doubling in RR (54 vs. 107 breaths per minute). Heat-stressed pigs had an immediate (d 1) decrease (47%; P < 0.05) in FI, and this magnitude of reduction continued through d 7; by design the nutrient intake pattern for the PFTN controls mirrored the HS group. By d 7, the TN and HS pigs gained 7.76 and 1.65 kg BW, respectively, whereas the PFTN pigs lost 2.47 kg BW. Plasma insulin was increased (49%; P < 0.05) in d 7 HS pigs compared with PFTN controls. Compared with TN and HS pigs, on d 7 PFTN pigs had increased plasma NEFA concentrations (110%; P < 0.05). Compared with TN and PFTN controls, on d 7 circulating N(τ)-methylhistidine concentrations were increased (31%; P < 0.05) in HS pigs. In summary, despite similar nutrient intake, HS pigs gained more BW and had distinctly different postabsorptive bioenergetic variables compared with PFTN controls. Consequently, these heat-induced metabolic changes may in part explain the altered carcass phenotype observed in heat-stressed pigs.
Social Media: Factor Influencing Personal Transport for Leisure

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper is trying to examine the effect of social media in the use of personal transport for leisure purposes. Youngster are frequently identified as being adventurous and highly mobile, even few researcher modes of transportation choices play in important role in enhancing and fulfilling their desired experiences. In this paper, we would like to know the role of social media in enhancing the personal transport desire in south-east Kalimantan. Social media role is measured by borrowing the theory of technology acceptance model by using two variables namely perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. A quantitative method was used to measure the variable by using questionnaire given to 230 respondents given to university student near south-east Kalimantan. The gathered data is analyzed by using generalized structured component analysis. The finding in this research indicates that both perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of social media could affect individual intention to use personal transport. However, the larger effect has reflected by perceived usefulness. This means that social media has been recognized as a good reference to stimulate leisure by using personal transport.