jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A question of balance : accountability and autonomy in twenty-first century English state schools

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Accountability has always been important in taxpayer-funded English state schools. This accountability has become more complex over the past 30 years as policymakers have introduced market forces into public education.The Education Reform Act, (legislation.gov.uk, 1988) and subsequent legislation changed schools from being’ administrative units of their LEA’ (Department for Education [DfE], 1992: 7) into autonomous, self-managing institutions. In the former, head teachers were managers ensuring compliance with the implementation of national or local policy directives whilst the leaders of autonomous schools are able to make their own decisions about an increasing range of management functions, including school self-improvement (DfE, 2010a:73).However, despite these advances, school leaders were not able to make their own decisions about how their school was to be held accountable. The imposition of a rigorous national inspection framework (Education [Schools] Act, 1992) meant that schools were held accountable for the standards required by government. This school and system-focused approach relied on intervention to bring about the rapid improvement needed in underperforming schools. This thesis examines the fitness for purpose of this regime for successful schools that have earned their autonomy.This research uses a case study of one successful secondary school’s attempt to introduce the balanced scorecard (BSC), which is an alternative accountability methodology not commonly used in schools, although, it is popular in the business world. The research identifies that governors with experience of using the balanced scorecard(BSC) in their places of work successfully modified it for use in a school setting. The findings also indicate that training in a wider range of accountability approaches, including those from outside education, would provide school leaders with a wider range of accountability tools from which to select the one best suited to their institution.
Toward Democratic Schooling

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

At the beginning of this book I argued that, in order to make sense of school choice, it is necessary to understand the social tensions produced by the mass expansion of participation in secondary education. School choice sits within a cultural logic that I have termed socially restrictive schooling. School choice, as a strategy for managing these tensions, replaces expansion through accommodation of new student populations (via curriculum diversification and streaming), with direct emulation of the most socially and academically selective settings. The export of traditional pedagogical models is backed by new technologies of surveillance and enforcement. The emulation strategy prevents "pollution" of restricted sites by remodeling selectivity in the clothes of the market. Of course, accommodation must inevitably take place, in hidden and coded ways, giving working-class schools a divided identity—attempting to pass themselves off as pseudo-private schools while working under the socially exposed conditions of the neighborhood comprehensive.KeywordsSchool ChoiceSecondary TeacherSocial RestrictionSchool CommissionMigrant StudentThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Materials Data on La2Co14B by Materials Project

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

La2Co14B crystallizes in the tetragonal P4_2/mnm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent La sites. In the first La site, La is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to sixteen Co and two equivalent B atoms. There are a spread of La–Co bond distances ranging from 2.99–3.28 Å. Both La–B bond lengths are 3.12 Å. In the second La site, La is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to sixteen Co and one B atom. There are a spread of La–Co bond distances ranging from 2.97–3.31 Å. The La–B bond length is 2.86 Å. There are six inequivalent Co sites. In the first Co site, Co is bonded in a distorted q6 geometry to two La and ten Co atoms. There are a spread of Co–Co bond distances ranging from 2.35–2.59 Å. In the second Co site, Co is bonded to four La and eight Co atoms to form CoLa4Co8 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve CoLa4Co8 cuboctahedra and faces with four equivalent CoLa3Co9 cuboctahedra. All Co–Co bond lengths are 2.53 Å. In the third Co site, Co is bonded in a distorted L-shaped geometry to two equivalent La, four Co, and two equivalent B atoms. There are two shorter (2.42 Å) and two longer (2.72 Å) Co–Co bond lengths. Both Co–B bond lengths are 2.02 Å. In the fourth Co site, Co is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two La and twelve Co atoms. There are a spread of Co–Co bond distances ranging from 2.58–2.73 Å. In the fifth Co site, Co is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two La, seven Co, and one B atom. The Co–Co bond length is 2.50 Å. The Co–B bond length is 2.06 Å. In the sixth Co site, Co is bonded to three La and nine Co atoms to form distorted CoLa3Co9 cuboctahedra that share corners with eight CoLa4Co8 cuboctahedra, an edgeedge with one CoLa3Co9 cuboctahedra, and faces with four CoLa4Co8 cuboctahedra. The Co–Co bond length is 2.42 Å. B is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three La and six Co atoms.
Probabilistic global-wellposedness for the energy-supercritical Schrödinger equations on compact manifolds

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider the nonlinear Schrödinger equations with a general nonlinearity power in all dimensions. We construct invariant measures concentrated on Sobolev spaces $H^s$ of singular orders, $s\leq\frac{d}{2}$. We prove almost sure global wellposedness and bounds on the growth in time of the solutions via invariant measure arguments. Our setting includes a generic compact Riemannian manifold; we specify the cases of the torus and Zoll manifolds.
Educational Development Experience

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Education is not only a basic human right, it is also a sector of development that plays a vital role in social economic growth, poverty alleviation, democratization, cultural tradition, inheritance and intercultural understanding. From this perspective, starting with the years following independence from colonial rule in the 1960s, educational development in developing countries has been identified as the responsibility not just of individual governments, but also of the international community; thus, various international cooperation projects have been undertaken. In particular, the 1990 World Conference on Education for All organized by the World Bank, UNESCO, UNICEF and UNDP has reconfirmed the necessity of the international community's involvement in the development of basic education in developing countries. The Dakar Framework for Action adopted at the 2000 World Education Forum, as well as the Millennium Development Goals' inclusion of universal access to primary education and the elimination of gender disparity in primary and secondary education, have further spread awareness of the great importance of international cooperation in the field of education.KeywordsInternational CooperationEducational DevelopmentJapan International Cooperation AgencySchool Enrollment RateJapanese ModelThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
An application of different drying methods on the color and rehydration ability of dried Asparagus maritimus L. samples

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fresh asparagus is gaining popularity due to its unique texture and flavor but they are also an extremely perishable vegetable. Because of that the aim of this research was to dry those vegetable to provides long term conservation and marketability. Wild asparagus that have been grown in area of the Adriatic Sea were dried in tray drier at different drying temperatures 50° C, 60° C and 70° C and in freeze-dried equipement at – 40° C and then rehydrated. The color of dried material and rehydration ratio are selected as the main quality characteristics of wild asparagus. The best rehydration ratio were achieved when samples were freeze dried at – 40° C. Based on color and rehydration ratio convective drying at 60° C presents an optimum. The rehydration and appearance of dried asparagus are two important physical factors that need special attention when designing or selecting a drying procedure.
PELAKSANAAN EKSEKUSI OBJEK JAMINAN FIDUSIA BERDASARKAN TITLE EKSEKUTORIAL

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The existence of collateral institutions is very important for creditors particularly to provide certainty over the fulfillment of their rights. In Indonesia there are several collateral institutions, one of which is fiduciary, as a collateral institution, fiduciaries have advantages and disadvantages, especially in carrying out executions, therefore it is necessary to know how the execution of fiduciary collateral objects, especially executions that are based on executorial titles. This paper is based on normative juridical research, with a legal and conceptual approach. According to the research it can be concluded that based on the provisions of article 30 of the Fiduciary Law, with an executorial title, the creditor is given the right to repossess so that the creditor can directly take the object of fiduciary collateral.
The Road East: America's New Discovery of Eastern Wisdom

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The Road East: America's New Discovery of Eastern Wisdom by Harrison Pope, Jr. Boston: Beacon Press, 1974, 158 pp., hardcover $7.50, paper $3.45 Get access Robert S. Ellwood, Jr. Robert S. Ellwood, Jr. University of Southern California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sociology of Religion, Volume 36, Issue 2, Summer 1975, Pages 171–172, https://doi.org/10.2307/3710482 Published: 01 July 1975
Challenges in Damage Detection Based on Finite Element Analyses and Monitoring of Dynamic Curvature of Concrete-steel Composite Structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This work researches damage detection in composite concrete-steel structures that are typical for highway overpasses and bridges. The techniques herein proposed assume that typical damage in the deck occurs in form of delamination and cracking, and that it affects the peak PSD of curvature. The investigation is performed by combining results of measurements collected by long-gauge fiber optic strain sensors installed on monitored structure and finite element analysis. The finite element model has been prepared by using design parameters and validated by comparing it with dynamic frequencies obtained from the monitoring system. The method was able to detect unusual behavior through probabilistic study of the peak PSD. doi: 10.12783/SHM2015/35
Frequency Control and Power Sharing in Combined Heat and Power Networks

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

We consider the problem of using district heating systems as ancillary services for primary frequency control in power networks. We propose a novel power sharing scheme for heating systems based on the average temperature, which enables an optimal power allocation among the diverse heat sources without having a prior knowledge of the disturbances. We then discuss two approaches for heating systems to contribute to frequency regulation in power networks. We show that both approaches ensure stability in the combined heat and power network and facilitate optimal power allocation among the different energy sources.
Pengaruh Keuangan Islam Kesultanan Utsmaniyah Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The Ottoman Empire was the center of the Islamic caliphate because it was the strongest Islamic government of its time. The peak of the progress of the Ottoman Turks during the reign of Sultan Mahmud II. In this study, there was a government policy system during the Ottoman dynasty, namely by implementing a policy system in the form of waqf and accounting systems in government institutions, so looking at the policy system that had been made by the dynasty government, did it have an influence on economic growth during the Ottoman dynasty.The aim of the research is to explain the concept of how the Islamic finance of the Ottoman Empire influences economic growth. In the context of Islamic finance during the Ottoman Empire there was an increase in economic growth, this increase had an effect on economic growth but if it had no effect then economic growth during the Ottoman Empire would decreaseThe method used in this research is qualitative research, which seeks to explore, understand, and seek social phenomena. The research used in this research is qualitative research. Data collection techniques used in this study are through observation (observation), interviews (interviews), and documentation. According to Miles & Huberman, the data analysis technique used consists of three streams of activities that occur simultaneously, namely data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions or verification.Pay waqf policies and manage finances with an accounting financial reporting system. Where by establishing this policy, from the discussion that has been described above, we can conclude that economic growth during the Ottoman Empire experienced an increase, where in the waqf section it could be used to build mosques, build schools, support orphans and needs for people in need. Then with the implementation of the accounting system, the financial reports during the kingdom could be seen in detail and clearly about the income, expenses received by the kingdom so that there was no element of fraud or corruption at that time.
Unveiling the potential nutrients present in fresh and dried Makuea Poo-Ung

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Makuea poo-ung is a highly nutritious fruity vegetable. The main objective of this study was to compare the nutritional contents of fresh and dried makuea poo-ung, then compare to nutrients presents in general eggplants. Makuea poo-ung was pre-treated before reagents and chemicals were used to identify the specific nutrients present, whilst independent T-Test was used to analyse the significant differences. Results revealed that fresh and dried makuea poo-ung contained the six food nutrients. However, comparison between fresh makuea poo-ung and general nutrients in eggplants revealed very substantial diversions. Apart from Vitamin A which fell within the range of eggplants reviewed, most nutrients present in makuea poo-ung compared to eggplants were either less or more than the range reviewed. Conclusively, fresh and dried makuea poo-ung are nutritious to consume and serve as food supplements. It is recommended that commercial/traditional caterers and home makers should patronize makuea poo-ung.
Pharmaceutical Pellets: A Versatile Carrier for Oral Controlled Delivery of Drugs

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract: In pharmaceutical industries, pellets are multiparticulate dosage form which was formed by the agglomeration of fine powdered excipient and drugs together that leads to the formation of small free flowing spherical or semi spherical particles. This technique is called as pelletization process. Pellets are typically varied between 500-1500 μm in size for pharmaceutical applications. It is of great interest over other similar techniques due to its uniformity of dose, less susceptibility of dose dumping, less friability etc. With the advent of controlled release technology, drug loaded pellets have been widely investigated for its control release property in gastrointestinal tract. This review will provide an insight into previous studies on pelletization techniques, investigation of various pelletization techniques namely: layering, extrusion spheronization, cryopelletization, hot melt extrusion. It also gives a brief idea about the evaluation of pellets; parameters affecting pelletization, the different available marketed pellet formulation. Key words: Cryopelletization, Extrusion, Fluidized bed Processor, Layering, Spheronization.
Conformational, thermodynamic, and stability properties of Manduca sexta apolipophorin III.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Apolipophorin III (apoLp-III) is a major protein in hemolymph of adult Manduca sexta. Although it normally exists in a lipid-free state, during sustained flight, apoLp-III functions as an apolipoprotein, reversibly associating with the surface of lipoprotein particles. In an effort to gain a fuller understanding of this dual existence, we have investigated its solution properties using spectroscopic methods. The UV absorption spectrum of apoLp-III is distinctive owing to the absence of tryptophan and the presence of a single tyrosine residue. Circular dichroism experiments revealed an enhancement of apoLp-III alpha-helical content when spectra were obtained in 50% trifluoroethanol versus aqueous buffer. The helical content in buffer was unaffected by protein concentration, suggesting that apoLp-III exists in solution as a monomeric species. At pH values > 10 and < 4, there was a marked loss of helical content. Increasing the temperature of apoLp-III solutions also caused a loss of secondary structure, with a temperature-induced denaturation midpoint of 52 degrees C. Upon recooling of heat-denatured apoLp-III, approximately 95% of the secondary structure was restored. In guanidine HCl denaturation studies monitored by CD, a 50% transition midpoint of 0.355 M was determined, corresponding to a delta GDH2O of 1.29 kcal/mol. Fluorescence studies indicated that guanidine HCl induced an enhancement of tyrosine fluorescence emission at 300 nm when excited at 277 nm. In native apoLp-III, we propose that tyrosine fluorescence is quenched to a large extent due to a hydrophobic stacking interaction of its side chain with that of a neighboring phenylalanine residue. delta GDH2O was determined from the fluorescence data to be 2.1 kcal/mol, with a transition midpoint occurring at 0.25 M guanidine HCl. The lower concentration of guanidine HCl required to induce half-maximal tyrosine fluorescence enhancement versus the transition midpoint detected by CD may be a reflection of the fact that this residue is located near the COOH-terminal end of the protein and as such may be more susceptible to denaturation. The results presented indicate that apoLp-III assumes a relatively labile conformation in solution that appears to be partially stabilized by side chain charge-charge interactions within predicted alpha-helical segments.
Persistent Infection by Trichophyton megninii in Leeds

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Mml C" 303 said that she had swallowed her dental plate at about 2 p.m. the same day.She could feel it in her throat X-ray pictures were reported by a consultant radiologist " no foreign body is seen."On clinical examination it was obvious that the denture was impacted in the upper oesophagus.At oesophagoscopy at 5 p.m. the dental plate ._
Operational management of water quality to prevent physical, chemical, and microbial contaminations in hydroponic cultivation

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT The overarching aim of the present research is to manage the quality of surface water and irrigation water in hydroponic cultivation, which is one of the sustainable modern agricultural methods. It fully covered the control of physical, chemical, and biological contamination within the recommended standard range from river water to irrigation water. Initially, to deal with the corresponding contamination levels, the performance of the combination of coagulation and flocculation, rapid sand filter, ultrafiltration, and ultimately reverse osmosis methods were examined. By optimizing the pre-treatment section of coagulation and flocculation with jar tests, more than 90% removal of colloidal materials was achieved. Following the optimization of pre-treatment section, an 18.7% reduction in water consumption was observed. Finally, through the examination of the irrigation system and monitoring of both physical and biological contaminations, alongside the optimization of the greenhouse's recycled water disinfection system, preventive measures inhibiting the irrigation system clogging were implemented. The findings of the current research exhibited the removal of over 99% of these contaminations yielding a 99% reduction in the occurrence of irrigation system clogging.
Highly Efficient Adsorption of Cd(II) onto Carboxylated Camelthorn Biomass: Applicability of Three-Parameter Isotherm Models, Kinetics, and Mechanism

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A series of malonic acid treated camelthorn (MATC) sorbents were produced via the reaction of camelthorn biomass with malonic acid, and factors affecting the extent of modification were investigated, including malonic acid concentration, dehydration time and temperature. The optimum sorbent, by carboxylic acid content, was subsequently characterised for surface charge behaviour (pH PZC ), surface chemical functionalities (FTIR), morphological structure (SEM), and available surface area. The sorbent was subsequently utilised for adsorption of Cd(II) ions from aqueous media, and parameters influencing adsorption at 30 °C, such as sorbent dose, initial solution pH, exposure time, metal concentration, were investigated. Isothermal analyses were performed using eight models, including two and three parameter equations, with appropriateness of fit assessed via non-linear regression analysis. The adsorption data indicated that the Langmuir model gives the most appropriate fit to experimental curves, with the models ordered as Langmuir > Hill > Toth > Sips > Jossens > Khan > Redlich-Peterson > Freundlich. The highest uptake (q max ) of 582.6 mg g −1 was determined at pH 6. The Freundlich constants, K F and n, at 30 °C were found to be 24.94 mg g −1 and 2.33, respectively. The value of n (2.33), being in the range 0–10, indicates that adsorption of Cd(II) ions onto malonic acid treated camelthorn biomass is favourable. Evaluation of a series of kinetic models, allowed elucidation of the adsorption mechanism, as a pseudo-second order model gave the most appropriate fit, indicating that chemisorption processes are involved. Cd(II) ions adsorption onto MATC is enhanced by a higher level of active surface sites but was show to be independent of surface area. The work presented here indicates that this sorbent offers effective adsorption potential for Cd(II) ions from water, with potential in wastewater processing.
Hybrid InP-SiGe photoreceiver for the access network

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present a low cost and polarization independent photoreceiver which is part of the optical network unit (ONU) for the fiber access network. It consists of one InP-photodetector and a low cost SiGe amplifier. It operates error free with 223 - 1 PRBS word length at 1.25 Gbit/s with -13dBm input optical power before the fiber chip coupling whose loss is about 5 dB. From the rise and fall time shown in measured eyediagram, it is estimated that it will also operate up to 2.5 Gbit/s.