jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Commentary: Reflections on Literacy, Education and a Twenty-Year Inquiry Process

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this interview Sandra Hollingsworth describes a unique experience in open-ended inquiry that lasted over 20 years.As a new professor at Berkeley she began with a study of her teaching literacy to preservice teachers from a traditional anthropologic perspective. When the study showed that her students had learned "nothing," she invited an informal group of them to share their experiences as beginning teachers learning to teach reading.The group transformed with time and became recurring occasions for all to reflect and learn about topics like social justice in urban schools, multiple literacies, race and other teaching issues. She describes some of the challenges the group encountered when trying to publish its findings and some of the key things she learned from participating in this inquiry—such as the importance of longitudinal inquiry.Finally,she introduces fellow members of the group and describes their current professional endeavours.
Lowpass filter with in-line beeline CMRC

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel beeline compact microstrip resonant cell (BCMRC) is proposed. Its photonic bandgap and slow-wave effect are evaluated. A lowpass filter, consisting of three BCMRCs connected in series, exhibits advantages of low insertion loss in the passband, sharp, high and wide rejection in the stopband and compact size. Experimental and simulated results match well.
Gas Turbine Engine Performance Presentation for Computer Programs Using FORTRAN

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<div class="section abstract"> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides a method for gas turbine engine performance computer programs to be written using FORTRAN COMMON blocks. If a “function-call application program interface” (API) is to be used, then ARP4868 and ARP5571 are recommended as alternatives to that described in this document.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">When it is agreed between the program user and supplier that a particular program shall be supplied in FORTRAN, this document shall be used in conjunction with AS681 for steady-state and transient programs.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This document also describes how to take advantage of the FORTRAN CHARACTER storage to extend the information interface between the calling program and the engine subroutine.</div></div>
Issue Publication Information

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleIssue Publication InformationCite this: ACS Chem. Neurosci. 2020, 11, 6, XXX-XXXPublication Date (Web):March 18, 2020Publication History Published online18 March 2020Published inissue 18 March 2020https://doi.org/10.1021/cnv011i006_1362642Copyright © 2020 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views40Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (174 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Organisation et fonction de nanodomaines subcellulaires révélés par l'analyse statistique de trajectoires de particules uniques

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Single-Particle Trajectories (SPTs) obtained from super-resolution microscopy allow to track proteins with nanometer precision in living cells and are used in neuroscience and cellular biology. In this thesis, I was interested in the high-density nanodomains found in these trajectories that can be modeled as potential wells. To characterize them, I developed a new hybrid method based on the point density and local drift field and compared it to the other state-of-the-art methods. Then, I used it to identify transient potential wells in SPTs of voltage-gated calcium channels (CaV) contributing to a better understanding of the role of the different CaV splice variants in synaptic transmission. In another study, I looked at SPTs from Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) luminal resident proteins where I developed a method to reconstruct the network from trajectories and used it to characterize the luminal motion as a jump-diffusion process, which allows for a better redistribution of the luminal content than the previously assumed diffusive model. Finally, I discuss other analyses of motions for lysosome-ER interactions, CaV2.1 channels at drosophila’s neuromuscular junctions and the description of the motion of the constituent proteins of the NuRD chromatin remodeling complex.
Mitochondrial ETF insufficiency drives neoplastic growth by selectively optimizing cancer bioenergetics

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Mitochondrial electron transport flavoprotein (ETF) insufficiency causes metabolic diseases known as a multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD). Although essential in muscle, we identified ETF dehydrogenase (ETFDH) as one of the most dispensable metabolic genes in neoplasia, and its expression is reduced across human cancers. ETF insufficiency caused by decreased ETFDH expression limits flexibility of OXPHOS fuel utilization but paradoxically increases cancer cell bioenergetics and accelerates neoplastic growth by retrograde activation of the mTORC1/BCL-6/4E-BP1 axis. Collectively, these findings reveal that while ETF insufficiency is rare and has detrimental effects in non-malignant tissues, it is common in neoplasia, where ETFDH downregulation leads to bioenergetic and signaling reprogramming that accelerate neoplastic growth.
Molecular anthropology and the subversion of paleoanthropology: an example of "the emperor's clothes" effect?

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Although the birth of "molecular systematics" may date to the turn of the twentieth century, the discipline did not gain momentum until the 1960s, when most paleoanthropologists believed that humans were distantly related to a great ape group (chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan), within which the African apes were most closely related. From the beginning, interpretation of molecular data, initially protein immunoreactivity, conflicted with the interpretation of morphological data by favoring a human-African ape or even a human-chimpanzee relationship. As interpretations of protein sequences, DNA hybridization, and ultimately mitochondrial (mt) and nuclear (n) DNA sequences increasingly yielded a human-chimpanzee relationship, virtually all paleoanthropologists came to embrace this relationship not only as possible, but even as fact. This led to a general disparaging of morphology as being phylogenetically revealing which, in turn, sent paleoanthropologists scurrying to identify any anatomical feature or system that supported the molecular systematists' claims. The perennial problems were and remain that humans and chimpanzees share few potentially synapomorphic features and most fossils are known only from morphology. In exploring these problems, I summarize the history of morphologically and then, molecularly-based theories of human-ape relationship. I hope to make clear how this history contributed in human evolutionary studies to the subservience of paleoanthropology to molecular anthropology.
Coexchangeable Process Modeling for Uncertainty Quantification in Joint Climate Reconstruction

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Any experiment with climate models relies on a potentially large set of spatio-temporal boundary conditions. These can represent both the initial state of the system and/or forcings driving the model output throughout the experiment. These boundary conditions are typically fixed using available reconstructions in climate modeling studies; however, in reality they are highly uncertain, that uncertainty is unquantified, and the effect on the output of the experiment can be considerable. We develop efficient quantification of these uncertainties that combines relevant data from multiple models and observations. Starting from the coexchangeability model, we develop a coexchangeable process model to capture multiple correlated spatio-temporal fields of variables. We demonstrate that further exchangeability judgments over the parameters within this representation lead to a Bayes linear analogy of a hierarchical model. We use the framework to provide a joint reconstruction of sea-surface temperature and sea-ice concentration boundary conditions at the last glacial maximum (23–19 kya) and use it to force an ensemble of ice-sheet simulations using the FAMOUS-Ice coupled atmosphere and ice-sheet model. We demonstrate that existing boundary conditions typically used in these experiments are implausible given our uncertainties and demonstrate the impact of using more plausible boundary conditions on ice-sheet simulation. Supplementary materials for this article are available online, including a standardized description of the materials available for reproducing the work.
The transportation of embedded inversion in world Englishes

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The present study uses private correspondence to investigate the use of embedded inversion on both sides of the Atlantic as an illustration of the spread of spoken/conversational features through writing. The paper discusses the use of embedded inversion in Irish English (IrE) and briefly compares its occurrence in other varieties of English during the 19th century. The data come from CORIECOR, the Corpus of Irish English Correspondence , which contains emigrant letters written to and by Irish emigrants from 1760 to 1940. The letters were sent mainly between Ireland and other countries such as the United States, Canada, Great Britain, New Zealand, Australia, and Argentina, and therefore provide an empirical base for studies of historical change. By using corpus linguistics techniques, we analyze possible connections between American English and IrE. The occurrence of embedded inversion in CORIECOR is compared with other historical corpora such as the Corpus of Historical American English , which provides data from one of the main destinations of Irish emigrants.
A cell surface ELISA for detection of blood group antibodies- on anti-ABO and -MN blood group antibodies.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A cell surface ELISA method was employed for detection of polyclonal anti-A, -B, -M and -N, and monoclonal anti-M and -N antibodies. Native erythrocyte membranes or those fixed with glutaraldehyde (GA) were used as solid phase antigen in the ELISA method. In detection of anti-A and -B, and of monoclonal anti-M and -N antibodies, the method used here on the plates with erythrocyte membranes without fixation of GA had approximately 20-40 fold higher sensitivity than the hemagglutination test, but polyclonal anti-M and -N antibodies almost equally bound on the plates coated with unfixed group-M erythrocyte membranes. Anti-A, -B, and monoclonal anti-M antibodies were detected to the same extent in the plates with fixed erythrocyte membranes as in the plates coated with unfixed erythrocyte membranes, but binding of monoclonal anti-N antibody to group-N fixed erythrocyte membranes was not observed. In regard to the eluted antibody, the present cell surface ELISA method had an advantage over the hemagglutination test in detection of anti-A, -B, and monoclonal anti-M antibodies. Binding of monoclonal anti-N antibody to group-N antigen on the group-N or -MN bloodstains was not observed in both the present ELISA and the hemagglutination test. The results obtained indicate that present ELISA method is very useful to medicolegal practice.
Fungemia: analysis of 43 cases.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This report reviews the cases of 43 patients with 48 episodes of fungemia, and examines the clinical significance of fungemia and the results of treatment. All episodes were nosocomial infections. Candida albicans (60.4%), Candida parapsilosis (16.7%), and Candida tropicals (14.6%) were the most common fungal pathogens isolated from blood cultures. Patients with Candida albicans had a better survival rate than those with other species (p = 0.011). Polymicrobial fungemia was noted in 5 patients (11.6%). Most patients had underlying diseases and predisposing factors. Intravascular catheters (100%), broad-spectrum antibiotics administration (100%), surgical procedures (46.5%) and total parental alimentation (41.9%) were the most common predisposing factors. The clinical manifestations were not characteristic and consisted of nonspecific signs of sepsis. The overall mortality rate was 79%. We did not find any improvement in the mortality rate of our patients treated with amphotericin B. Early recognization, immediate removal of predisposing factors, and correction of underlying conditions is most important for patients with fungemia. We also suggest that fungal infection should be considered early when a febrile patient at high risk dose not improve with broad-spectrum antibacterial therapy.
First-line gemcitabine versus treatment of physician’s choice in patients with metastatic and stage IV breast cancer: A prospective cohort study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e12013 Background: Treatment for metastatic and stage IV breast cancer demands both improving or maintaining quality of life and prolongation of life. Gemcitabine is one of the recommended cytotoxic agents with extremely well tolerance. This study is designed to clarify efficacy of gemcitabine evaluating health-related quality of life (HRQoL) by comparing with treatment of physician’s choice. Methods: This study was prospective cohort study. Patients with metastatic and stage IV breast cancer were registered and administered gemcitabine or treatment of physician’s choice for first-line chemotherapy. HRQoL was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) questionnaire. Primary endpoints were time to treatment failure (TTF) and FACT-B total score. Outcome measures included severe toxicity (grade 3 evaluated with Common Toxicity Criteria by National Cancer Institute version 3.0). Patients completed FACT-B at the screening visit every 4 weeks. Results: From June 2010 to January 2014, 100 patients were registered from 9 hospitals and 98 patients were eligible. The trial was accrued already and 13 patients continued to be treated. This is an interim analysis of 96 patients. 49 patients were gemcitabine group (GEM) and 47 were treatment of physician’s choice group (TPC). Median age was 62 years (30-79) in GEM and 60 years (31-77) in TPC. 42 (85.7%) in GEM and 34 (70.8%) in TPC had ER-positive disease. Two (4.1%) of GEM and 8 (16.7%) in TPC had Her2-positive disease. Median of TTF was 5.3 months in GEM and 4.6 months in TPC. TTF demonstrated no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.670). Mean QoL scores in GEM were 97.0 at baseline and 94.9, 97.8 and 96.7 at 1st, 2nd and 3rd questionnaires. The scores in TPC were 92.4 at baseline and 93.2, 89.1 and 90.3 at 1st, 2nd and 3rd. Grade 3 hematotoxicity was observed in 7 (16.7%) of GEM and 4 (9.3%) of TPC (p=0.31). Grade 3 non-hematologic toxicity was observed 2 (4.1%) in GEM and 4 (8.5%) in TPC (p=0.37). Conclusions: There were no significant differences in TTF and HRQoL scores between two groups. This is an interim report and we will present further analysis at the meeting. Clinical trial information: 000013002.
Investigation of the Epigenetic Landscape at Disease-causing Polymorphic Repeat Loci

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

There are over 40 genetic diseases caused by repeat locus-specific instability. The causes of repeat instability are poorly understood and a mechanism that explains their occurrence in full has yet to be identified. Numerous studies have shown epigenetic modifiers and cis-elements to play a role in repeat instability. Here, ENCODE datasets (histone modifications, DNA methylation, CTCF binding, DNase I hypersensitivity, and CpG sites) were analyzed at disease-causing repeat loci, control non-disease causing repeat loci, mono- and dinucleotide repeat loci, short interspersed nuclear element loci, long interspersed nuclear element loci, telomeric repeat loci, and classical satellite I, II, and III loci. Loci were assessed in hippocampus, skeletal muscle, liver and kidney. We identified epigenetic mark patterns at these loci. A striking symmetric distribution pattern centrally localized around specific tandem repeats showing epigenetic enrichment or depletion of marks was observed indicating a possible nucleosome positioning effect. Tissue-specific patterns were also identified.
Labetalol Analysis in Human Plasma Using Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection: Application to Pharmacokinetic Studies

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Labetalol determination in human plasma by a sensitive (to 2.5 ng/ml) and selective method using liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection is described. Plasma is extracted with diethyl ether under mildly basic (pH 9) conditions, back-extracted into an aqueous acidic buffer, then injected directly on column. Standard curves using propranolol as an internal standard are linear for concentrations from 2.5 to 200 ng/ml. Within-day and between-day reproducibility is satisfactory with coefficient of variation less than 8% for all concentrations. Sample recovery from the extraction is complete at all concentrations. Utility of the method is demonstrated by a pharmacokinetic study in a hypertensive volunteer who received 43.75 mg labetalol by 10 minute intravenous infusion.
Calculation of the sea wave run-up on a sloping beach

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The motion of long surface waves above a sloping bottom has been calculated within the shallow-water approximation. It is shown that, if the linear solution is known, the nonlinear corrections, up to the eighth order, can be expressed in terms of the derivatives of the functions determining the linear solution. An analytical solution for the free-surface elevation in the near-shore area is constructed.
Enhanced shear and veer in the Taiwan Strait during typhoon passage

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract During typhoon passage extreme wind conditions pose a challenge to the structural integrity of wind turbines. Particularly, wind shear and wind veer can influence wind turbine loads. This study investigates how Taiwan’s central mountain range affects wind shear and wind veer in the Taiwan Strait during three westward-moving typhoon cases. The typhoons are simulated with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. We find that wind speed, shear, and veer vary over different regions in the Taiwan Strait. In large areas, the simulated wind shear is larger than modeled over the open ocean. In particular, mountain blockage leads to a spatially confined area of several 1000 km 2 downstream of Taiwan, that exhibits over several hours strongly modified shear and veer in all three analyzed cases. Shear exponents up to 0.75 and veer between 0.2 and 0.6° m −1 suggest that turbine loads are impacted by the vertical change in the wind field in this area. The shear exponent and wind veer vary strongly with height in the downstream area of Taiwan’s central mountain range. The location of the area with large wind shear and wind veer differs between the three simulated typhoon cases and primarily depends on the latitude of the typhoon track relative to the central mountain range.
Barytoma of the Rectum

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Two cases of barytoma of the rectum in a 33-year-old female and an 81-year-old male are presented. The cases were detected 4 1/2 and 3 months, respectively, after a barium enema. The morphologic, histochemical and radiologic findings are described. The pathogenesis and the differential diagnosis are then discussed in the light of the literature.
LAURA LUNGER KNOPPERS (ed.). The Complete Works of John Milton, Volume II: The 1671 Poems: Paradise Regain'd and Samson Agonistes

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

For the past two decades, Laura Knoppers has built a deserved reputation as a first-rate practitioner of new historicism in the analysis of John Milton’s writings. In the present book, the first-released volume of the anticipated eleven volumes of The Complete Works of John Milton (Thomas N. Corns and Gordon Campbell, general editors), Knoppers uses her new historicist expertise to shed considerable insight upon the 1671 poems and the multifaceted historical context in which they were composed and published. Because Knoppers’s lengthy introductory material provides the vast majority of her volume’s critical insight, it will be the main focus of this review. Knoppers begins her General Introduction by sharing the observation of the royalist clergyman John Beale, shortly after the late 1670 publication of the so-called 1671 poems, that Milton’s poetry could be as politically charged and dangerous as his prose. Knoppers’s implicit agreement with Beale’s assessment becomes increasingly evident as her essay unfolds, and she takes pains to situate the 1671 poems within the politically charged atmosphere of contemporary England.
Sectoral Vulnerability to Drought: Exploring the Role of Blue and Green Water Dependency in Mid and High-Latitudes

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. The European continent has experienced several large-scale drought events in recent years, and climate projections suggest an increasing drought risk in many parts of the world. As droughts can have large impacts on socio-hydrological systems, analyzing drought risk is an important part for proactive drought risk management and disaster risk reduction. Drought risk can be expressed as a product of hazard, exposure and vulnerability, where vulnerability is highly contextual and complex. As droughts can affect all parts of the hydrological system, from precipitation and soil moisture to groundwater and surface water reservoirs, drought vulnerability differs depending on what part of the system is studied. Building on previous results from a survey analyzing drought vulnerability across seven water-dependent sectors, this paper explores how vulnerability factors vary based on sectors’ dependency on blue water (surface and subsurface freshwater) or green water (soil moisture) in mid and high latitude regions. The findings reveal that drought vulnerability differs based on water type dependency, especially concerning water supply and species characteristics. Perceptions of vulnerability factors vary in number, category, and overall ranking, highlighting the importance of considering water dependency when choosing vulnerability factors for drought risk assessments and to clearly define the drought hazard types involved.