jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Livelihood Assets and Income of the Plantation-Based Rehabilitated Jhumias of Tripura

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The indigenous tribes of Tripura predominantly practised shifting cultivation. However, efforts at weaning them away have been done through several developmental interventions including plantation-based rehabilitation models. The present paper attempts to examine the status of income and livelihood capital endowments among four different types (rubber, tea, horticulture & multi-croppers) of plantation-based rehabilitated beneficiaries. Using primary survey data from five districts of Tripura, it is seen that multi-croppers and rubber farmers are better placed in terms of income accruals. However, horticulturists are better endowed than rubber growers in terms of livelihood assets. The tea-based rehabilitated beneficiaries are at the bottom in terms of both income as well as livelihood assets.
Evil Against Evil: Demonic Sexuality in William Friedkin’s The Exorcist

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The paradoxical nature of labels like 'religious porn' and 'excruciating entertainment' that used to describe William Friedkin's film The Exorcist (1973) point to a more fundamental indeterminacy at work in a film deceptively simple in its presentation of 'Good' and 'Evil.' Yet Regan MacNeil's complexity eludes the moral binarisms often surrounding the film; her possession by the demon Pazuzu manifests a more profound indeterminacy - a fundamentally shattering initiation into sexuality that has yet to be explored in psychoanalytic approaches to the film which tend to frame her in terms of the orthodox Oedipal narrative. I will explore this idea of demonic sexuality in The Exorcist, specifically as it articulates the central event of Regan's possession and its ambiguous containment by what is, ultimately, a strongly conservative film. The presence of an obscure Assyro- Babylonian demon in a thoroughly Christian narrative of good versus evil is curious - why Pazuzu and not, say, Satan or Lucifer? As a demon invoked for protection against other demonic beings - particularly the baby-snatching Lamashtu - Pazuzu's possession of an adolescent girl already presents him as a force of indeterminacy and destabilisation. But this possession more significantly allegorises what Leo Bersani calls the 'shattering tension' of adolescent sexuality marked by 'that which is intolerable to the structured self.' Drawing on Bersani's post-Freudian contextualisation of adolescent sexuality, I will focus on Pazuzu and his particular role in Regan's possession to shed light on the shattering nature of demonic sexuality constituting the hermeneutic core of The Exorcist. A close reading will focus on the representation of this self-conflicted force in the film and its resistance to both verbalisation and containment by the contending discourses of neuroscience, psychiatry and religion.
Reverse logistics : emerging trends, opportunities and challenges

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In the recent years, reverse logistics have significantly gained attention from researchers and practitioners. Reverse logistics key activities comprise collection from the end user, classification, product recovery and waste disposal. In general, economic, legal and social issues are the main driver of reverse logistics practice. This paper put emphasis on the implementation of reverse logistics in the e-commerce market which the e-commerce market is formed due to the development and advancement in technology and globalization. The objective of the current study is to identify the solution of handling product return in the e-commerce context due to exclusive characteristics as compared to the traditional commerce market. Both of the e-commerce market and common strategies used to handle product return the traditional commerce market are identified as followed: return policy, pricing decision, forecasting, integration of forward-reverse logistics network and outsourcing. The main findings of this paper are three exclusive characteristics of e-commerce market that shaped the challenges in reverse logistics practice are as followed, no virtual shop, home delivery service and lower cost incurred from both customers and e-retailers. With the application of common strategies, the obstacles are overcome. Another distinguished characteristic of e-commerce is the massive utilization of website also discussed in the findings.
Terrestrial and Aquatic Biological Inventory Meredosia, Illinois; Meredosia; Willow Creek; and Coon Run Drainage and Levee District, Scott and Morgan Counties, Illinois.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract : A qualitative evaluation of the terrestrial aquatic biological resources within the Meredosia, Illinois; Meredosia; Willow Creek; and Coon run Drainage and Levee District in Scott and Morgan Counties, Illinois was performed during May and June of 1982. Quantitative sampling was conducted to support qualitative observations. Wildlife habitat is generally limited to the western half of the study area. The dry, sandy soils were observed to support flora and fauna typical of that in the Illinois River Sands Area Natural Division. Smith Lake and lower Coon Run and Willow Creeks were found to have the most productive fishery in the study area. Because no riverfront levee is present, there is a greater exchange between internal fish populations and those of the Illinois River. During low flows, movement is confined to available drainageways connected to the Illinois River. More extensive movement (e.g. into Smith Lake) occurs during flood events. (Author)
Localized Flow Control in High Speed Flows Using Laser Energy Deposition

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The capability for localized flow control in high speed flows using laser energy deposition has been investigated in a collaborative computational and experimental program. Three proposed applications have been comprehensively studied. First, two models of laser energy deposition in air have been developed and validated by comparison with experiment. The first model is an engineering approach wherein the laser energy deposition is treated as an energy release in a perfect gas. The second model is a detailed physical approach which incorporates real gas chemistry with an eleven species model of air. Comparison with experimental measurements of static temperature, density and velocity (one-component) show good agreement with both models outside the plasma region. Second, a detailed 3-D simulation of laser energy deposition upstream of intersecting shocks at Mach 3.45 demonstrated the capability to force transition from Mach Reflection (MR) to Regular Reflection (RR) in the Dual Solution Domain. This result is particularly important for control of MR to RR transition in high speed inlets for scramjet-powered air vehicles. A companion experimental study showed a momentary reduction in the Mach stem height by 70%, but a Mach Reflection was recovered apparently due to freestream turbulence. Third, detailed 3-D simulations of laser energy deposition upstream of an isolated sphere and an Edney IV interaction at Mach 3.45 were performed. Results show the fundamental features observed in the accompanying experiments.
Opinion 2312 (Case 3544) Apis armbrusteri Zeuner, 1931 (Insecta, Hymenoptera): name conserved by designation of a neotype

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Commission has conserved the name Apis armbrusteri Zeuner, 1931 for a species of fossil honey bee occurring in the Miocene fauna of southwestern Germany by designating a neotype.
Aujeszky's disease in a pack of hounds

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

<p>This research examines how wearable technology and supporting applications can help office workers maintain good posture and guide them to carry out shoulder exercises at their workplace. Specifically, we describe a smart garment designed to monitor upper body posture that provides vibrotactile notifications at different joint areas in order to remind users to correct their posture. We present the design and evaluation of a related smartphone application that supports shoulder training exercises to treat and prevent shoulder pain. The usability of the system for shoulder training was evaluated positively in a laboratory test (N=17). The effectiveness of the system for posture monitoring was assessed with a field deployment (N=25) in which students working with laptops used the posture monitoring system for a whole day. The results demonstrate the system can help the participants facilitate improving their posture in sedentary work.</p>
Potensi Penggunaan Agregat RAP (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement) Terhadap Campuran SMA (Stone Matrix Asphalt)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The advantage of using RAP (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement) materials in road pavement has economic and environmental benefits. The RAP materials are used in the form of bitumen only, aggregates only, or both of them. This study proposes to determine the potential of RAP aggregate as a material for an SMA mixture. The variation of RAP aggregate in this study is based on function use, the nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS), and minimum thickness of use from the results of the RAP aggregate test. The method in the manufacture and testing of specimens using the Marshall method. From the results of the testing and analysis of the RAP aggregate, the variations in RAP aggregate used in this study were 0%, 33%, and 47%. The results of the marshall test on the SMA mixture, the optimum bitumen content (OBC) of the RAP 0% was 6.23%, and the RAP 33% was 6.1%, while the RAP 47% OBC could not be determined because it did not fulfill standard requirements of the Marshall based on the value of VMA and VITM. From these results, the potential use of RAP aggregate for SMA mixtures is 33%. This value is the percentage of the RAP aggregate potential in the SMA mixture that fulfills the standard requirements of the Marshall and testing aggregate.
Highly hydrophobic ceramic coatings produced by plasma spraying of powder materials

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Hydrophobic and highly hydrophobic zirconia coatings are obtained by air-plasma spraying of powder and suspension materials. The proposed method and the developed equipment make it possible to obtain nanostructured surfaces with water-repellent properties. The high hydrophobicity of the coating is achieved by creating a hierarchical texture of its surface obtained by the combined method of plasma spraying of powder and liquid-phase materials. The developed surface of the coating based on zirconia ZrO2 obtained by the method of sequential plasma spraying of micropowders (with 20–40 µm microparticle sizes) and liquid materials in the form of suspensions (with 50–100 nm nanoparticle sizes) makes it possible to increase the water-wetting angle up to 145 degrees.
Ultrastable\nAluminum Nanoparticles with Enhanced Combustion\nPerformance Enabled by a Polydopamine/Polyethyleneimine Nanocoating

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In national defense, aluminum nanoparticles (Al NPs)\nhave better\ncombustion performance than Al microparticles but are easily oxidized\nduring processing, especially in oxidative liquids. Although some\nprotective coatings have been reported, it is still challenging to\nobtain Al NPs stable in oxidative liquids (e.g., hot liquids) without\nscarifying combustion performance. Here, we report ultrastable Al\nNPs with enhanced combustion performance enabled by the crosslinked\npolydopamine/polyethyleneimine (PDA/PEI) nanocoating merely ∼15\nnm in thickness and ∼0.24 wt % in mass. The Al@PDA/PEI NPs\nare fabricated by one-step rapid graft copolymerization of dopamine\nand PEI on Al NPs at room temperature. The formation mechanism of\nthe nanocoating is discussed including reactions between dopamine\nand PEI and interactions of the nanocoating with Al NPs. The Al@PDA/PEI\nNPs show excellent stability in hot water, and the mechanism is interpreted\nby molecular dynamics simulation. The PDA/PEI nanocoating can also\nenhance the combustion heat and burning rate of Al NPs.
Effect of the resin/hardener ratio on yield, post‐yield, and fracture behavior of nanofilled epoxies

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this work, the effect of the resin/hardener ratio on the small deformation, yield, post‐yield, and fracture behavior of a series of DGEBA‐Jeffamine epoxy‐clay nanocomposites with a fixed organo‐clay content (6 phr), and of the corresponding unfilled resins, was investigated. The mechanical behavior at small deformation was studied by means of uniaxial tensile tests, whereas compression tests were employed to investigate the large (yield and post‐yield) deformation levels. The fracture behavior was studied by the application of fracture mechanics testing methods. The results pointed out that small variations in the resin/hardener ratio used for the preparation of the resin can give rise to remarkable differences in the mechanical behavior at large deformation levels and at fracture. These effects were related to the parameters characteristic of the macromolecular architecture of the resins (chain segments flexibility and crosslink density). The results obtained on nanofilled systems showed that the effect of the resin/hardener ratio on the mechanical behavior of the resins is reduced in presence of organoclay particles. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Police Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs About Opioid Addiction Treatment and Harm Reduction: A Survey of Illinois Officers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Police officers encounter individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) during their routine work and are often called to the scene of overdoses. Despite this frequency, officer knowledge and attitudes about addiction, treatment, and harm reduction vary. Views held by officers, and the extent of their knowledge, can impact the decisions they make regarding people with OUD, yet our understanding of these factors is limited. Using stratified random sampling, we surveyed 248 officers from 27 Illinois police departments on their knowledge of addiction and the means to address it. We performed descriptive and regression analyses to examine differences based on officer characteristics. We found a high proportion of officers lacked knowledge of addiction, treatment, and harm reduction. Our findings suggest the need for police training to improve understanding of addiction. Community collaboration and coordination of resources may give officers the tools to better address OUD, reduce harm, and decrease overdose.
Control of Picker-Room Humidity

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This article attempts to deal with the subject in a non-technical manner. The control of the amount of moisture in cotton laps delivered to the card room is highly desirable. Cotton manufacturers desire uniform weights for any given unit of length from the ounces per yard of picker laps to the grains per hank in the final yarn. If laps delivered to the card room contain widely varying percentages of moisture, though a lap scale may indicate identical gross weights, a variation in weight per yard is immediately begun at the cards which must be corrected by gear changes in subsequent operations. By holding picker laps to very close limits as to the net weight of cotton contained for the same number of yards of lap produced, the beginning of evenness or the elimination of variation in subsequent operations is attained.
Functional condition of the cardiovascular system in children who have had a new coronavirus infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: It is known that in March 2020, a new coronavirus infectious disease that spread across the continent received the status of a pandemic. It has already been established that the new coronavirus infection has features not only in the acute period, but also much later after its expiration. AIM: to study some functional parameters of the cardiovascular system in children who have suffered a new coronavirus infection, depending on the presence of subjective manifestations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 84 children with a history of a new coronavirus infection aged 7 to 17 years. The average age is 11.57 ± 0.46 years. The children were divided into groups 1 (it is a group without subjective manifestations (without complains in time firstable examination) and 2 (with subjective manifestations (with complains)). To identify functional disorders, pulse oximetry, load tests of Shtange and Genchi and bicycle ergometry, electrocardiogram of rest and with load, Holter monitoring were performed for all children. RESULTS: In the groups of children who underwent new coronavirus infection, a significant decrease in respiratory retention was found during the Shtange’s and Genchi’s tests, physical performance and maximum oxygen consumption in patients with subjective manifestations., an increase in the frequency of cardiac arrhythmias in comparison with the resting electrocardiogram before the infection. Ventricular extrasystole was also detected during Holter monitoring in 2 (2,4 %) children. CONCLUSIONS: Functional disorders were revealed in all examined children who had a new coronavirus infection in the form of a significant decrease in respiratory retention in the Shtange’s and Genchi’s samples, bicycle ergometry indicators and the appearance of some cardiac arrhythmias, more pronounced in the group of patients with subjective manifestations.
Risk-Seeking versus Risk-Avoiding Investments in Noisy Periodic Environments

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We study the performance of various agent strategies in an artificial investment scenario. Agents are equipped with a budget, $x(t)$, and at each time step invest a particular fraction, $q(t)$, of their budget. The return on investment (RoI), $r(t)$, is characterized by a periodic function with different types and levels of noise. Risk-avoiding agents choose their fraction $q(t)$ proportional to the expected positive RoI, while risk-seeking agents always choose a maximum value $q_{max}$ if they predict the RoI to be positive ("everything on red"). In addition to these different strategies, agents have different capabilities to predict the future $r(t)$, dependent on their internal complexity. Here, we compare 'zero-intelligent' agents using technical analysis (such as moving least squares) with agents using reinforcement learning or genetic algorithms to predict $r(t)$. The performance of agents is measured by their average budget growth after a certain number of time steps. We present results of extensive computer simulations, which show that, for our given artificial environment, (i) the risk-seeking strategy outperforms the risk-avoiding one, and (ii) the genetic algorithm was able to find this optimal strategy itself, and thus outperforms other prediction approaches considered.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclic Analogues of 2‐Amino‐4‐phosphonobutanoic Acid (APB) and Their Inhibition of Hippocampal Excitatory Transmission and Displacement of (3H)APB Binding.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Starting with the ketones (II) and (V), the conformationally fixed analogues (IV) and (VII) of 2‐amino‐4‐phosphonobutanoic acid (I) are synthesized as shown in the reaction scheme.
1948–1954, now ages 56–62), Late Boomers (born between 1955–1964, now ages 46–55), and Generation Xers (born

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

between 1965–1974, now ages 36–45). This article reports these 2010 Retirement Savings Shortfalls (RSS). NATIONAL RETIREMENT SHORTFALL: $4.55 TRILLION: The aggregate RSS for these age cohorts expressed in 2010 dollars is $4.55 trillion, for an overall average of $47,732 per individual. The average RSS varies by age cohort as well as gender and marital status. The RSS per individual is always lowest for households, somewhat higher for single males, and more than twice as large for single females. The estimated retirement shortfall for any gender/marital status combination increases for younger cohorts, largely due to the impact of health care-related costs rising faster than the general inflation rate. NURSING HOME AND HOME HEALTH CARE: Adding nursing home and home health care expense increases the average individual RSS for married households by $25,317. Single males experience an average increase of $32,433, while single females have an increase of $46,425. The Impact of the COBRA Premium Subsidy on Coverage ARRA AND THE COBRA SUBSIDY: The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 included a provision for the federal government to pay 65 percent of the premium for individuals who were covered under COBRA and who incurred an involuntary job loss between Sept. 1, 2008, and Dec. 31, 2009. The subsidy was made available for up to nine months, and was extended by Congress three times, with the last extension occurring in April 2010. This article
Southern Ocean ice shelf melting in a warming climate

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Antarctic ice sheet loses mass at its fringes bordering the Southern Ocean. At this boundary, warm circumpolar water can override the continental slope front, reaching the grounding line through submarine glacial troughs and causing high rates of melting at deep ice-shelf bases. The interaction between ocean currents, continental bathymetry, and shelf hydrography is thus likely to influence future rates of ice loss. The evolution of basal loss in a warming climate is presented for ten Antarctic ice shelves, based on the output of two coupled ice–ocean models (BRIOS and FESOM) both forced by the IPCC-SRES E1 and A1B scenario-related atmospheric outputs of the HadCM3 and ECHAM5/MPIOM climate models. Projections of future ice shelf basal melting are similar with regard to the scenarios applied but differ substantially between the climate models used, with the HadCM3 output causing the most significant changes in continental shelf temperatures. All ice shelves face a possible increase in basal melting with the biggest changes occurring at the base of the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf. A redirection of the coastal current into the Filchner Trough and underneath the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf during the second half of the twenty-first century may lead to increased flow of warm open ocean waters into the deep southern ice-shelf cavity. Here, water temperatures can increase by more than 2 oC boosting average basal melting from 0.2 m/yr, or 82 Gt/yr, to almost 4 m/yr, or 1,600 Gt/yr. The analysis of the results suggests that the changes are caused primarily by the freshening of the shelf water masses and an increase in ocean surface stress in the southeastern Weddell Sea, both due to reduced sea ice formation and a thinning of the formerly consolidated sea-ice cover. A projected further increase of ice loss at the base of the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf to 2,500 Gt/yr for the year 2199 is caused by a gradual warming of the deep Weddell Sea in FESOM and does not occur in the regional BRIOS simulation.