jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sensing school shootings

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

School shootings are mediated by ways of sensing—through seeing bloodless, distant photographs and hearing retroactive eyewitness accounts. Yet at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School, students' cell phones offered a more immediate and immersive experience. This new way of seeing and hearing created a unique rhetoric situation. In the immediate aftermath, Emma González, a student and survivor of the Parkland shooting, seized upon this perspective to invent a new figure, the "Parkland Kid," a generational stakeholder in the gun debate. The new subject position of the "Parkland Kid" expanded the range of thinkable thoughts, opened novel discursive strategies, and moved the intractable gun debate forward.
In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy for early diagnosis of nonmelanoma skin cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a novel tool for noninvasive in vivo diagnosis of nonmelanoma skin cancer at high resolution. Given the excellent correlation that has been demonstrated between RCM findings and routine histology, clinicians using this imaging technique can establish an immediate diagnosis. Multiple studies have evaluated the use of RCM in melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer and have demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity rates. We discuss the applicability of RCM for the early diagnosis of NMSC and discuss other clinical applications of this emerging technique. La microscopía confocal de reflectancia (MCR) es un herramienta novedosa para el diagnóstico precoz in vivo del cáncer de piel no melanoma (CPNM) con alta resolución. Dada la excelente correlación demostrada entre los hallazgos de la MCR y la histología de rutina, los clínicos que utilizan esta técnica de imágenes pueden establecer un diagnóstico inmediato. Múltiples estudios han evaluado el uso de la MCR en cáncer de piel melanoma y no melanoma, demostrando altas tasas de sensibilidad y especificad. Hablamos de la aplicabilidad de la MCR para el diagnóstico temprano de CPNM, comentando otros aplicaciones clínicas de esta técnica emergente.
Understanding and Promoting Racial Diversity in Healthcare Settings to Address Disparities in Pandemic Crisis Management

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Health disparities have become apparent since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. When observing racial discrimination in healthcare, self-reported incidences, and perceptions among minority groups in the United States suggest that, the most socioeconomically underrepresented groups will suffer disproportionately in COVID-19 due to synergistic mechanisms. This study reports racially-stratified data regarding the experiences and impacts of different groups availing the healthcare system to identify disparities in outcomes of minority and majority groups in the United States. Methods: Studies were identified utilizing PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Plus, and PsycINFO search engines without date and language restrictions. The following keywords were used: Healthcare, raci*, ethnic*, discriminant, hosti*, harass*, insur*, education, income, psychiat*, COVID-19, incidence, mortality, mechanical ventilation. Statistical analysis was conducted in Review Manager (RevMan V.5.4). Unadjusted Odds Ratios, P-values, and 95% confidence intervals were presented. Results: Discrimination in the United States is evident among racial groups regarding medical care portraying mental risk behaviors as having serious outcomes in the health of minority groups. The perceived health inequity had a low association to the majority group as compared to the minority group (OR = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.78; P = .007), and the association of mental health problems to the Caucasian-American majority group was low (OR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.45 to 0.58; P < .001). Conclusion: As the pandemic continues into its next stage, efforts should be taken to address the gaps in clinical training and education, and medical practice to avoid the recurring patterns of racial health disparities that become especially prominent in community health emergencies. A standardized tool to assess racial discrimination and inequity will potentially improve pandemic healthcare delivery.
Sistem Informasi Berbasis Web Pada Penjualan Kerudung Salimah Hijab Di Desa Mluweh Ungaran Timur

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Salimah Hijab business in Mluweh Village, East Ungaran, is a new hijab business pioneered by a young and talented owner because she sells current hijab models and every time there is a new model she always follows. This business has quite a lot of customers due to the standard price and satisfying quality of goods. Therefore, an online sales information sistem is needed to help customers buy and receive product information from the salimah hijab business. The purpose of making this web-based sales information sistem is to make it easier for the admin / shop to sell their products and buyers are more easily interested in choosing goods. This sistem was developed using the PHP programming language using MySQL as a database. The Software Development Method uses the Waterfall Method. Data collection techniques in this study using observation, interviews and documentation. The final result is a web-based sales information sistem used by the Salimah Hijab business in Mluweh Village, East Ungaran. This sistem is able to provide product promotions, product sales with payment via account or cod (cash our delivery). So the conclusion that can be drawn is the creation of a web-based information sistem on the sale of the salimah hijab veil in Mluweh village, East Ungaran.AbstrakUsaha Kerudung Salimah Hijab di Desa Mluweh Ungaran Timur merupakan usaha hijab yang baru dirintis oleh seorang owner yang masih muda dan berbakat karena dia menjual model jilbab dengan model masa kini dan setiap ada model baru dia selalu mengikuti . Usaha ini sudah lumayan memiliki pelanggan yang cukup banyak dikarenakan harganya yang standar dan kualitas barang memuaskan . Maka dari itu dibutuhkan sebuah sistem informasi penjualan secara online untuk membantu pelanggan membeli dan menerima informasi produk dari usaha kerudung salimah hijab tersebut Tujuan dari pembuatan sistem informasi penjualan berbasis web ini adalah untuk memudahkan admin/toko dalam menjual produknya dan pembeli lebih mudah tertarik dalam memilih barang. Sistem ini dikembangkan menggunakan Bahasa pemrograman PHP dengan menggunakan MySQL sebagai database. Metode Pengembangan Perangkat Lunak menggunakan Metode Waterfall. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil akhir yang di peroleh adalah sebuah sistem informasi penjualan berbasis web yang digunakan oleh Usaha Kerudung Salimah Hijab di Desa Mluweh Ungaran Timur . Sistem ini mampu memberikan promosi produk, penjualan produk dengan pembayaran melalui rekening atau cod (cash our delivery). Jadi kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah terciptanya sistem informasi berbasis web pada penjualan kerudung salimah hijab di desa mluweh ungaran timur.
Case Transcript - Regina v Seema Misra, T20090070 Day 8 Wednesday 20 October 2010

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Case Transcript - Regina v Seema Misra, T20090070 Day 8 Wednesday 20 October 2010 England & Wales; theft; electronic evidence; Post Office Horizon System; ‘reliability’ of computers From the EDITORIAL by Stephen Mason: In this issue of the journal, the transcript of the trial of Seema Misra is published in full. I thank His Honour Judge Stewart for granting permission to buy a copy of the transcript and to the publication of the transcript. Judge Stewart requested me to obtain the permission of Seema Mira to the publication of the transcript – an action I certainly would have taken in any event. I also thank Seema Misra for her agreement to publish the transcript. Seema Misra agreed to the publication, knowing it would be available to anyone with access to the internet or a legal electronic database. I am given to understand by Alan Bates, the chair of Justice For Subpostmasters Alliance, that Seema Misra’s case is now before the Criminal Cases Review Commission, and Seema Misra understood that making the transcript available publically in this way would, in her opinion, help her case.We are pleased to be able to present the full case transcript for Regina v Seema Misra, T20090070 in the Documents Supplement to this issue of the journal. The page layout and pagination of the original transcript for each day have been retained for ease of reference to the text searchable PDFs. The links in the Index will take you through to the transcript of proceedings in the Documents Supplement for that particular court day.
Sex Chromosomes and Sex Chromosome Abnormalities

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It can be argued that the sex chromosomes are the most important pair of chromosomes given their role in determining gender and, therefore, allowing for reproduction and procreation. Considered together, sex chromosome aneuploidies are the most common chromosome abnormalities seen in liveborn infants, children, and adults. Physicians in many specialties, including pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, endocrinology, internal medicine, and surgery, commonly encounter individuals with sex chromosome abnormalities. There has been a great deal of misinformation in the past regarding outcomes and developmental profiles of these patients, leading to bias and discrimination. This chapter attempts to provide a summary of information regarding the sex chromosomes, sex chromosome abnormalities, and disorders of sexual development with normal chromosomes.
WE5.3 Emergency laparoscopic “hybrid” IPOM+ repair of incarcerated umbilical hernia in patient with BMI 62 and small bowel obstruction; a case study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Large abdominal incisions in obese patients are associated with considerable rates of systemic and wound complications. Recently published European Hernia Society guidelines recommend laparoscopic intraperitoneal on-lay mesh (IPOM) repair for large hernia defects and patients at higher risk of wound morbidity, ideally with closure of the defect and a 5 cm overlap. Case Presentation: We report on a 69-year-old, morbidly obese (BMI 62), comorbid woman who presented as an emergency with a 5-day history of vomiting and abdominal pain. A pre-operative computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed small bowel obstruction secondary to a ventral abdominal wall hernia. Operative findings confirmed an obstructed paraumbilical hernia containing small bowel and omentum. A laparoscopic “hybrid” IPOM+ repair was performed, with a generous overlap. She recovered uneventfully with no surgical complications. Discussion: Minimally-invasive surgical techniques are preferred for obese patients with evidence suggesting lower perioperative complications and recurrence rates compared with open repair. However, additional challenges must be taken into consideration including; surgeon expertise, timing of operation, surgeon ergonomics, distortion of surface anatomical landmarks, need for higher pneumoperitoneum pressures and the physiological effects of this on the patient. Conclusion With preoperative planning, our case study demonstrates that IPOM ventral hernia repair remains a viable option for severely obese patients even in emergency presentations. The closure of the defect is recommended whenever feasible. Addition of the hybrid approach (excision of the sac with a limited incision after the laparoscopic closure) reduces the risk of postoperative seromas.
Gaining from Digital Disruption: the Thai Financial Landscape in the Digital Era

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper examines competitiveness of the Thai financial sector through the dimensions of depth, access, efficiency, and stability, as compared to peers. The paper finds that while the Thai financial sector compares reasonably well with peers in most dimensions, it does not fare well in term of SME access to bank credit. Using Panzar-Rosse H-Statistic, the paper also examines competition in the Thai banking sector and finds that the level of competition in the Thai banking sector is consistently high over the sample period. The results raise the question: Why does SME access to bank credit remain low, despite high level of competition in the banking sector? This puzzle is important since SMEs are a key driver of the Thai economy. Reviewing results from various studies and interviews with SMEs and bank credit officers, the paper identifies several bottlenecks in the SME lending process that may lead to market failures. Using data from 1.29 million individual SME loan contracts obtained from 15 Thai commercial banks, and six Specialized Financial Institutions (SFIs), the paper finds that only a few banks attempt to penetrate SMEs at the lower tiers of loan size and income. Although SME lending by SFIs are found to be a good complement to SME lending by banks, the fact remains that fewer than half of SMEs in Thailand have loans from these financial institutions. The paper then discusses how several initiatives have been attempted to harness the power of technology and data to help improve SME access to finance, whether from traditional banks or other types of players. Lessons from the case of SME financing and from other segments of financial sectors in selected countries are then drawn into common themes that might help guide the design of financial landscape in the digital era.
Gallopamil

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

According to Fleckenstein's original classification, gallopamil represents a prototype of highly specific calcium antagonists of Group A. Its large scope of cardiovascular effects is lastly based on one and the same mechanism of action: inhibition of transmembrane calcium influx into myocardial, cardiac pacemaker, and vascular smooth muscle cells. Thereby, in experimental studies that use eletrophysiological, biochemical, isotopic, and histological techniques, gallopamil reduced calcium-dependent myocardial contractility and oxygen consumption; dampened nomotopic and ectopic cardiac pacemaker activity; exerted pronounced vasodilator effects; and protected myocardial cells from calcium overload-induced necrotization. The effects of gallopamil on myocardium, cardiac pacemakers, and vasculature are quantitatively comparable, surpassing those of verapamil by approximately one order of magnitude. Further clinical studies must demonstrate to what extent humans will benefit from the experimentally proven cardiovascular potential of gallopamil.
A LOGARITHMIC GENERALIZATION OF TENSOR PRODUCT THEORY FOR MODULES FOR A VERTEX OPERATOR ALGEBRA

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We describe a logarithmic tensor product theory for certain module categories for a "conformal vertex algebra". In this theory, which is a natural, although intricate, generalization of earlier work of Huang and Lepowsky, we do not require the module categories to be semisimple, and we accommodate modules with generalized weight spaces. The corresponding intertwining operators contain logarithms of the variables.
WHAT’S GOING ON IN ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY STUDIES? RESEARCH FRONTS ON ORGANISATIONAL KNOWLEDGE ABSORPTION

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Absorptive capacity (ACAP) is one of the most active themes in knowledge management literature. The topic is extensively mentioned in several relevant research fields, including innovation, organisational learning and strategic management. In this study, we employed bibliographic coupling to analyse the extant academic literature published in order to detect research fronts on the theme. Our sample includes 2,072 papers published in the last four years, which is in line with our basic intent to investigate the latest academic research. Papers included in the core research front highlight the role of ACAP as an organisational ability to assess new valuable knowledge, aiding the development of organisational capabilities. The role of knowledge absorption capacity in alliance networks, open innovation processes, intra-organisational learning, as well as exploratory and exploitative initiatives are the other relevant research fronts identified. We suggest the proposed implications of the analysis as material for further research on the theme.
The computing and communication architecture of the DLR Hand Arm System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The computing and communication architecture of the DLR Hand Arm System is presented. Its task is to operate the robot’s 52 motors and 430 sensors. Despite that complexity, the main design goal for it is to create a flexible architecture that enables high-performance feedback control \nwith cycles beyond 1kHz. Flexibility is achieved through a hierarchical net of computing nodes that goes from commercial-of-the-shelf hosts down to the physical interfaces of sensors and actuators. The concept of a Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) provides a convenient high-level interface to the entire robotic hardware. First experiments with prototypical control applications, featuring 100 kHz and 3 kHz control loops, demonstrate the performance of the architecture.
Does the calcein-AM method assay the total cellular ‘labile iron pool’ or only a fraction of it?

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The calcein-AM (calcein-acetoxymethyl ester) method is a widely used technique that is supposed to assay the intracellular ‘labile iron pool’ (LIP). When cells in culture are exposed to this ester, it passes the plasma membrane and reacts with cytosolic unspecific esterases. One of the reaction products, calcein, is a fluorochrome and a hydrophilic alcohol to which membranes are non-permeable and which, consequently, is retained within the cytosol of cells. Calcein fluorescence is quenched following chelation of low-mass labile iron, and the degree of quenching gives an estimate of the amounts of chelatable iron. However, a requirement for the assay to be able to demonstrate cellular LIP in total is that such iron be localized in the cytosol and not in a membrane-limited compartment. For some time it has been known that a major part of cellular, redox-active, labile, low-mass iron is temporarily localized in the lysosomal compartment as a result of the autophagic degradation of ferruginous materials, such as mitochondrial complexes and ferritin. Even if some calcein-AM may escape cytosolic esterases and enter lysosomes to be cleaved by lysosomal acidic esterases, the resulting calcein does not significantly chelate iron at &lt;pH 5. In the present study we show that the calcein-AM method does not capture lysosomal low-mass iron and, therefore, that the method seriously underestimates total cellular labile iron.
‘Not known because not looked for’: Ethnographers listening to the young in southern Africa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article is centred on a concern with limitations in our knowledge of youth's life experiences. I pose questions about the nature and implications of accounts of childhood by tracing ideas in early ethnographies and comparing these with my own attempts to frame youth differently. Using ideas of heroism and narrative, I examine the life histories of two young activists in order to comment on methodological approaches to exploring the world of youths, to ask how far we have come in catching their voices and experiences, and to comment on how far we have still to go.
Supplementary Materials and Methods, Supplementary Tables 1 through 5, and Supplementary Figures 1 through 10 from Definition of a Novel Feed-Forward Mechanism for Glycolysis-HIF1α Signaling in Hypoxic Tumors Highlights Aldolase A as a Therapeutic Target

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>Supplementary Materials and Methods Table S1: Data collection and refinement statistics native ALDOA and native ALDOA +TDZD8 Table S2: Data collection and refinement statistics: ALDOA-ND1 and ALDOA-ND1+TDZD-8. Table S3: Inhibition of HIF-1 activity by siRNA knockdown of glycolysis genes Table S4: Increase in glycolysis gene expression in hypoxia and the effect of siHIF-1 Table S5: Validation of screen results using alternate siRNAs Figure S1: Inhibition of HIF-1 activity and proliferation following knockdown of glycolysis genes Figure S2: Effect of knockdown of PGKs or ALDOA on HRE-luc activity on proliferation Figure S3: Effects of knockdown of ALDOA or PGK1 or PGK2 on ATP levels Figure S4: Effects of knockdown of ALDOA or PGK1 and PGK2 on HIF-1α protein levels Figure S5: Differential expression of ALDO or PGK Isoforms in tumor cells Figure S6: HIF-1 activity levels in MDA-MB-231 doxycycline inducible shALDOA clones sh8.8 and sh9.7. Figure S7: Stereo pairs of ALDOA monomer comparisons, shown as ribbon diagrams, with ligands shown as sticks Figure S8: TDZD-8 inhibition of HT-29, PANC1 and MIA PaCa-2 cancer cell proliferation, lactate formation, and HRE-luciferase reporter activity Figure S9: Effect of TDZD-8 on phospho-AMPK, phospho-p300 and ATP in PANC1 pancreatic cancer cells Figure S10: Effect of TDZD-8 treatment on levels of glycolytic intermediates and non-involved amino acids.</p>
A hidden population of active galactic nuclei can explain the overabundance of luminous z > 10 objects observed by JWST

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The first wave of observations with JWST has revealed a striking overabundance of luminous galaxies at early times ( z > 10) compared to models of galaxies calibrated to pre-JWST data. Early observations have also uncovered a large population of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at z > 6. Because many of the high- z objects appear extended, the contribution of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) to the total luminosity has been assumed to be negligible. In this work, we use a semi-empirical model for assigning AGNs to galaxies to show that active galaxies can boost the stellar luminosity function (LF) enough to solve the overabundance problem while simultaneously remaining consistent with the observed morphologies of high- z sources. We construct a model for the composite AGN+galaxy LF by connecting dark matter halo masses to galaxy and SMBH masses and luminosities, accounting for dispersion in the mapping between host galaxy and SMBH mass and luminosity. By calibrating the model parameters — which characterize the M ∙ -M * relation — to a compilation of z > 10 JWST UVLF data, we show that AGN emission can account for the excess luminosity under a variety of scenarios, including one where 10% of galaxies host BHs of comparable luminosities to their stellar components. Using a sample of simulated objects and real observations, we demonstrate that such low-luminosity AGNs can be `hidden' in their host galaxies and be missed in common morphological analyses. We find that for this explanation to be viable, our model requires a population of BHs that are overmassive (M ∙ /M * ~ 10 -2 ) with respect to their host galaxies compared to the local relation and are more consistent with the observed relation at z = 4-8. We explore the implications of this model for BH seed properties and comment on observational diagnostics necessary to further investigate this explanation.