jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
TURKISH STUDENTS' SPIRITUALITY TODAY

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Spirituality is a universal phenomenon; however, its conceptualization can differ from one culture to another. The meaning of the concept has been changing since the last couple of decades. Even though it has been previously regarded as a religious concept in terms of institutional organized religion, its meaning has altered over time initially towards personal spirituality based on religion, and then, towards spirituality totally untethered from religion in which popular interest is growing. This shift in its meaning attracted the attention of researchers, and therefore, it has become a topic of concern in academia. Nevertheless, the majority of studies have mainly been conducted in western countries with largely Christian populations. On the other hand, the research in other parts of the world is relatively scarce. Turkey is a country that forms a bridge between the West and the East, and historically has a religious culture, with a Muslim majority population. It has begun embracing western values along with the process of secularisation since the beginning of the last century. This westernizing trend has become even more evident in the so-called global era. Therefore, the objective of this investigation is to explore the contemporary perceptions of spirituality in a Turkish context. Moreover, it aims to examine whether the popular perceptions of spirituality that emerged in the western world exist in Turkey. Accordingly, qualitative interviews have been conducted with undergraduate and postgraduate university students from the departments of Psychology and Theology in Turkey. Consequently, it is found that the understandings of the term among the participants are similar to contemporary definitions of spirituality in the West. Correspondingly, it is argued that the western European conceptualisations of the term might be applicable with some qualifications in the Turkish context since there is not a substantial difference between the perceptions of spirituality in the West and Turkey.
[Characteristics of lymph node metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma of thoracic esophagus and its clinical significance].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Because of the different upward and downward spreading of esophageal cancer cells to the lymph nodes, different lymph node dissecting approaches should be taken. The thoracic, and abdominal regional (two fields) lymph nodes dissection could be appropriate to esophageal carcinoma of the lower thoracic segment, and the cervical, thoracic and abdominal (three fields) lymph node dissection should be done for patients with earlier esophageal carcinoma of upper or middle thoracic segments.
Social Interactions and Instructional Artifacts: Emergent Socio-Technical Affordances and Constraints for Children's Geometric Thinking

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The reported exploratory study consisted primarily of classroom visits, videotaped sessions, and post-treatment interviews whereby second graders ( n = 12) worked on problems in planar geometry, individually and in triads, using physical and virtual manipulatives. The goal of the study was to: 1) characterize the nature of geometric thinking found within the interrelationships of social interactions and instructional artifacts; and 2) describe this nature of thinking in terms of instructional artifact transparency. Juxtaposing collective and individual views of mediated inquiry, we analyze interrelationships to reveal qualitatively different influences on geometric thinking for three conceptually related tasks using manipulatives. Our examination of interrelationships between social interactions and instructional artifacts leads to insights for designing and evaluating instructional technologies for early elementary mathematics, including emerging multi-touch, multi-user systems.
Predictors of neonatal mortality with congenital heart disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Link of Video Abstract : https://youtu.be/Vi3785NsB1A Introduction: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of birth defect-associated infant illness and death. In developing countries, the mortality related to CHD increased by up to 25%, but the data about predictors of mortality are limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictors of mortality in neonates with CHD. Methods: We conducted a case-control study of neonatal mortality with CHD from January 2018 to October 2022. Data were collected from the neonatal registry in Prof Ngoerah Hospital, Bali. Characteristics and clinical risk of mortality were analyzed. Chi-square and logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the potential predictor of mortality. Results: A total of 288 neonatal with CHD were analyzed. Neonatal morbidities such as extremely low birth weight (ELBW) were found in 7.6%, asphyxia in 50.7%, multiple congenital anomalies (MCA) in 13.2%, pulmonary hypertension (PH) in 13.5%, sepsis in 66.3%, and severe form of CHD in 50.7%. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) was the most acyanotic CHD (35%). Mortality resulting from CHD was 27%. ELBW, severe and moderate asphyxia, MCA, PH, sepsis, and severe form of CHD were significant mortality predictors (p<0.05) with (OR; 95%CI) were (6.21; 1.24-31.12), (4.13; 1.93-8.81), (3.20;1.69-6.08), (2.70; 1.17-6.24), (2.54;1.10-5.84), (2.33; 1.28-4.22), (2.00; 1.15-3.49) respectively. Conclusion: ELBW, severe and moderate asphyxia, MCA, PH, sepsis, and severe forms of CHD are predictors of neonatal mortality with CHD.
Qiviut cortisol is associated with metrics of health and other intrinsic and extrinsic factors in wild muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Glucocorticoid (GC) levels are increasingly and widely used as biomarkers of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity to study the effects of environmental changes and other perturbations on wildlife individuals and populations. However, identifying the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence GC levels is a key step in endocrinology studies to ensure accurate interpretation of GC responses. In muskoxen, qiviut (fine woolly undercoat hair) cortisol concentration is an integrative biomarker of HPA axis activity over the course of the hair’s growth. We gathered data from 219 wild muskoxen harvested in the Canadian Arctic between October 2015 and May 2019. We examined the relationship between qiviut cortisol and various intrinsic (sex, age, body condition and incisor breakage) and extrinsic biotic factors (lungworm and gastrointestinal parasite infections and exposure to bacteria), as well as broader non-specific landscape and temporal features (geographical location, season and year). A Bayesian approach, which allows for the joint estimation of missing values in the data and model parameters estimates, was applied for the statistical analyses. The main findings include the following: (i) higher qiviut cortisol levels in males than in females; (ii) inter-annual variations; (iii) higher qiviut cortisol levels in a declining population compared to a stable population; (iv) a negative association between qiviut cortisol and marrow fat percentage; (v) a relationship between qiviut cortisol and the infection intensity of the lungworm Umingmakstrongylus pallikuukensis, which varied depending on the geographical location; and (vi) no association between qiviut cortisol and other pathogen exposure/infection intensity metrics. This study confirmed and further identified important sources of variability in qiviut cortisol levels, while providing important insights on the relationship between GC levels and pathogen exposure/infection intensity. Results support the use of qiviut cortisol as a tool to monitor temporal changes in HPA axis activity at a population level and to inform management and conservation actions.
Enhancing Sydney Water’s leak prevention through acoustic monitoring

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Leaks and breaks pose a great challenge for every water network around the world.These challenges include disruptions to customer services, costly pipe maintenance and unaccounted water loss.With ever-advancing smart technology and the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT), acoustic sensors, as a method of leak detection, can effectively identify potential leaks for proactive and targeted repairs.As part of its Active Leak Detection (ALD) program, Sydney Water in collaboration with the University of Technology Sydney (UTS) have deployed 204 acoustic sensors since December 2019 across five Central Business District (CBD) areas.The Sydney CBD, Bankstown, Penrith, Chatswood and Liverpool have been prioritised for sensor deployment through the Sydney Water-UTS pipe failure prediction tool model.Since deployment, 35 leaks have been detected, of which 21 have been confirmed (inclusive of a main break) and repaired.70% of these leaks have matched with the pipe failure prediction tool model.During this period, Sydney Water has also been collaborating with UTS to progress development of advanced acoustic analysis to improve the interpretation of data and confidence in results.This analysis will be translated into an automated machine learning algorithm and a leak detection portal to host the range of acoustic sensor models in the one location for ease and efficiency of integration within Sydney Water.This paper discusses the selection of zones for sensor deployment, the deployment of different models of acoustic sensors within Sydney Water's system, and the change to Sydney Water's business-as-usual network operations to ensure leak detection success.It also highlights the need for integrated advanced analytics to increase the confidence in identifying potential leaks and breaks.
Healthcare Treatment Innovation, Medical Tourism, and Hospital Business Strategy for Global Markets

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The United States is facing a growing crisis in the form of increasing medical care costs for both the insured and uninsured. One innovative strategy to address increasing costs is the use of medical tourism. Medical tourism is defined by the OECD as “the practice of travelling to another country to obtain medical treatment.” It has become an increasingly popular option as it offers patients the ability to access treatment outside of their home country, often at a lower cost. This chapter will provide a brief overview of medical tourism, its current and potential applications, and potential challenges and benefits associated with it as an innovative approach to address the healthcare crisis of high medical costs in some specific areas of treatment.
Discussion on Inheritance and Development of Agricultural Heritages from the Decline of Traditional Agriculture

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In May 2003,UNFAO established Globally Important Ingenious Agricultural Heritage Systems Center in order to develop report work of globally important ingenious agricultural heritage projects.Then,the traditional rice-fish agricultural system in Qingtian County,Zhejiang Province was chosen as one of the five firstlings of globally important ingenious agricultural heritages.This was exceeding good news for China.Traditional agriculture was cultural crystals produced by human in long time existence and development.But it was going downhill under assault of modern process,due to the lack of enough recognition.In fact,modern agriculture and traditional agriculture was an organic integration,each had its position and role.Modern agriculture only took root in research base of ecology,economic and sociology,which brought high and sustainable productivity for people.We should work hard to make better use of agricultural tradition and contribute to economic prosperity of the country and livelihood enhancement of local people.
Neutrophil NADPH Oxidase Is Reduced at theAnaplasma phagocytophilumPhagosome

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The intracellular organism Anaplasma phagocytophilum causes human granulocytic ehrlichiosis and specifically infects and multiplies in neutrophilic granulocytes. Previous reports have suggested that, for its survival, this bacterium suppresses the neutrophil respiratory burst. To investigate the mechanism of survival, we first assessed the kinetics of A. phagocytophilum entry into neutrophils by using double-labeling confocal microscopy. At 30, 60, 120, and 240 min of incubation, 25, 50, 55, and 70% of neutrophils contained bacteria, respectively. The neutrophil respiratory burst in the presence of A. phagocytophilum was assessed by a kinetic cytochrome c assay and by measurement of oxygen consumption. Neutrophils in the presence of A. phagocytophilum did not produce a significant respiratory burst, but A. phagocytophilum did not inhibit the neutrophil respiratory burst when phorbol myristate acetate was added. Immunoelectron microscopy of neutrophils infected with A. phagocytophilum or Escherichia coli revealed that NADPH oxidase subunits gp91 phox and p22 phox were significantly reduced at the A. phagocytophilum phagosome after 1 and 4 h of incubation. In neutrophils incubated simultaneously with A. phagocytophilum and E. coli for 30, 60, and 90 min, gp91 phox was present on 20, 14, and 10% of the A. phagocytophilum phagosomes, whereas p22 phox was present in 11, 5, and 4% of the phagosomes, respectively. Similarly, on E. coli phagosomes, gp91 phox was present in 62, 64, and 65%, whereas p22 phox was detected in 54, 48, and 48%. We conclude that A. phagocytophilum does not suppress a global respiratory burst and that, under identical conditions in the same cells, A. phagocytophilum , but not E. coli , significantly reduces gp91 phox and p22 phox from its phagosome membrane.
The effect of glycerine on the penetration of coloring liquid and the hardness of zirconia

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of glycerine on the penetration of coloring liquid on zirconia and hardness of zirconia. Three A2 coloring liquids (Prettau Aquarell Colour liquid, D.max coloring liquid, and Bruxzir coloring liquid) were used to perform this study. Glycerine were mixed with each coloring liquid at the ratio of 1 : 1 by volume. The immersion periods of zirconia specimen in the mixing solution were 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 hrs, respectively. The penetration depth of coloring liquid were measured by vernier calliper. Color characterization of experimental specimen was performed by spectrophotometer, and hardness of the specimen was measured by Vickers hardness tester. From the results of penetration depth measurement, glycerine was supposed to affect the penetration depth of coloring liquid on zirconia regardless of immersion periods. By color analysis, L＊ value of glycerine treated specimen was significantly higher than that of control group(P 0.05). In terms of the results of Vickers hardness test, there were no significant statistical differences between control group and experimental groups. Therefore, glycerine was expected to affect the penetration of coloring liquid on zirconia and the shade of zirconia.
Ipomoea batatas LOTID 294006

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Ipomoea batatas
Common name(s): Sweetpotato
Conserved by: Centro Internacional de la Papa (CIP), Peru
Local sample unique identifier: LOTID 294006
Method of creation: In-house copy
Date: 2018
Other identifiers: n/a,CIP 440510
Historical: Yes
Biological status: Advanced or improved cultivar
MLS status: Included
Gingers and Their Purified Components as Cancer Chemopreventative Agents

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Chemoprevention by ingested substituents is the process through which nutraceuticals and/or their bioactive components antagonize carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis is the course of action whereby a normal cell is transformed into a neoplastic cell. This latter action involves several steps, starting with initiation and followed by promotion and progression. Driving these stages is continued oxidative stress and inflammation, which in turn, causes a myriad of aberrant gene expressions and mutations within the transforming cell population and abnormal gene expressions by the cells within the surrounding lesion. Chemoprevention of cancer with bioreactive foods or their extracted/purified components occurs primarily via normalizing these inappropriate gene activities. Various foods/agents have been shown to affect different gene expressions. In this review, we discuss how the chemoprevention activities of gingers antagonize cancer development.
In-flight simulation as tool for the design of future pilot assistance systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

DLR is developing pilot assistance systems to increase safety and economy of aviation. All phases to gate are covered by special assistance modules plugged into a core data management system. The system architecture will be introduced as well as some of the most important assistance functions like Advanced Flight Management or Enhanced Vision. In addition the validation of pilot assistance systems using flight simulators and test aircraft with in-flight simulation capabilities will be presented. ABBREVIATIONS
The Role of Public Notary in Providing Legal Protection on Standard Contracts for Indonesian Consumers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Public Notary is needed in conducting businesses of varying sectors. For example, people who want to own a house through a bank with House Ownership Loan (Kredit Pemilikan Rumah - KPR). Quite similar to a purchase of common loan contracts, the purchase of KPR contract is formulated into a standard contract. Its contents and clauses have been previously prepared by the bank. Then, bank customers as debtors only have the option to accept the entire contents and clauses of the KPR contract, otherwise they will not be granted KPR loan. As the consequence, the position of banks as lenders and customers as debtors are never equal. Debtors are powerless and have to comply with the content of the contract. This research discusses the protection given by notary in the drafting process of standard contract based on Law No 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection (Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen - UUPK) and Law No. 2 of 2014 on the Rules of Notary Profession (Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris - UUJN). The result of the study showed that a public notary has a strong foundation to protect consumers’ rights according to the UUPK. An application of this, among others, the notary’s refusal has to include the entire content of the KPR agreement into a deed before s/he could examine whether the two parties of the agreement occupy an equal position and have proportionate power. For instance, in the transfer of responsibility clause from a bank as a business owner – a notary is entitled to advise the bank that its activity has violated the UUPK. If the bank insists that the clause is instructed by its central bank, the notary can help explain that the revision of the clause will help the Bank avoid the violation of UUPK.
Electroviscous Effect in Non-Polar Liquids

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The apparent viscosity of weakly conducting non-polar liquids flowing between two plates has been found to increase when an electric field (steady and alternative) is applied perpendiculary to the flow direction. The increase in apparent viscosity under both D.C. and A.C. stresses appears in a limited range of conductivity, where the non-dimensional number relating the charge density and the applied voltage multiplied with Onsager's factor (F(b))1/2, C0·(F(b))1/2=(q0·d2)/(ε·ε0·φ)·(1+(1/2)b+(1/24)b2+...) takes a value of between 0.1 and 10. This phenomenon together with the related appearance of space-charge boundary layers near the electrodes can be explained in terms of an electrohydrodynamic effect.
Capital Inflows and Economic Growth: Does the Role of Institutions Matter?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract Recent evidence shows that institutions figure prominently in explaining the ‘Lucas paradox’. Using a threshold regression model, we extend this evidence to a situation where institutions index the relationship between foreign capital inflows and economic growth. We find strong and robust evidence that portfolio equity (including foreign direct investment) and debt inflows have positive effects on growth only in countries with high‐quality institutions. Countries that fall below the threshold level of institutional quality record either insignificant or negative effects. This paper provides a possible explanation on the so‐called Lucas paradox. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Response to the detection of Fusarium dieback associated with ambrosia beetles on Acer negundo in New South Wales

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Symptoms consistent with polyphagous shot hole borer ( Euwallacea fornicatus ) and Fusarium dieback ( Fusarium euwallaceae ), recognised as high priority environmental pests for Australia, were observed on a single box elder ( Acer negundo) tree in Sydney, New South Wales, in March 2022 during routine forest biosecurity surveillance. Delimiting surveys were undertaken around the Sydney basin, extending radially from the original box elder, resulting in the detection of a further three box elder and one tuckeroo ( Cupaniopsis anacardioides ) with suspicious symptoms. Samples were taken from the five trees and associated beetles diagnosed using morphological and molecular methods. Associated Fusarium -like fungi were identified according to phylogenetic inference using regions of the internal transcribed spacer, as well as the translation elongation factor 1-α and RNA polymerase II genes. The tea shot hole borer, Euwallacea perbrevis , was identified along with its known fungal mutualist, Fusarium obliquiseptatum . This pair have been reported in Queensland on avocado ( Persea americana ) and tuckeroo, and there are unpublished records of E. perbrevis from northern NSW, but this is the first report of both species occurring simultaneously in NSW. The biosecurity response following the initial detection, including the establishment of an Incident Management Team, surveillance, diagnostics, and stakeholder engagement, is discussed. This paper highlights the importance of surveillance for early detection of invasive pests and biosecurity systems and processes for enabling a timely response.
Diagnostic Yield of High-Resolution Vessel Wall Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Young Stroke Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

(1) Background: The mechanism responsible for stroke in patients younger than 50 often remains unknown. This study was designed to assess whether high-resolution intracranial vessel wall MR imaging (icVWI) may be instrumental in determining stroke cause. (2) Methods: Young stroke patients with and without an identified cause of stroke despite an exhaustive investigation were prospectively included. Patients who underwent icVWI were compared to those who did not. We next compared patients with and without intracranial vulnerable plaques on icVWI. (3) Results: Overall, 47 young stroke patients were identified over the span of 2 years and included in this study. Of those, 20 (42%) underwent intracranial icVWI. Cancer prevalence was higher among patients who did not have an icVWI study (19% vs. 0% p = 0.042) but there were no other significant differences between patients who had an icVWI study and those who did not have an icVWI. Among patients who had an icVWI, 11 (55%) had vulnerable plaques and the remaining nine studies were negative. Patients with positive icVWI scans had significantly higher stroke severity at admission (mean ± SD NIHSS score 5.5 ± 3.5 vs. 1.7 ± 2.3, p = 0.012). Patients with positive icVWI scans were more often treated with antiplatelets upon discharge (100% vs. 67%, p = 0.038). (4) Conclusions: icVWI can add significant information relevant to stroke pathogenesis and secondary prevention among young stroke patients with a negative exhaustive diagnostic workup.