jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards coronavirus disease (COVID-19) among internal medicine residents in Southern Luzon, Philippines

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Internal medicine residents belong to the majority of the physician workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of the internal medicine residents of Southern Luzon towards COVID-19. Methods: We developed a 39-item validated questionnaire evaluating KAP on COVID-19 and conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study among internal medicine residents in seven training institutions in Region IV-A. Complete enumeration was done, in which an electronic link was sent to each resident through private chat applications from December 2-9, 2020. Results: The survey was completed by 106 residents, who were predominantly female (n=59), with a median age of 30, and were in their third year of residency (n=51). Seventeen residents (16.04%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Their overall mean score in the Knowledge part is 6.83±1.28, wherein most of them had varied answers about diagnosis and prevention. The majority of the respondents always had worrying thoughts about their families and friends getting infected as a result of their exposure. They were also generally satisfied with the modifications done during the pandemic. Most of them have reported favorable practices and observed them as well among their co-residents. Conclusion: The internal medicine residents of Southern Luzon had differences in their knowledge of COVID-19. They were anxious about the risk that they pose among their families and friends, but they have developed good coping mechanisms. Most of them were satisfied with the modifications done in response to the pandemic, which may have influenced their favorable practices.
Exploring education for sustainable development (ESD) course content in higher education; a multiple case study including what students say they like

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper aims to contribute to the field of knowledge surrounding Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) curricula with a view to filling a gap in ESD literature by identifying features that may help ESD course designers. The study asks the questions: what is taught in ESD courses in higher education? and what content do students say they like? Working within the constructivist tradition, this study involved two groups of participants: 13 ESD design/delivery participants from six universities based in five countries (Group One) and 737 ESD students (Group Two) from three of those universities. The overarching methodology of comparative analysis was used to address the research questions. Data collection included course learning materials, participant questionnaires, one-on-one interviews, focus groups, and feedback on teaching. Group One data was analysed using comparative/descriptive analysis and reflexive thematic analysis was used for Group Two data. The methods were complementary to de/reconstruct data for comparability of features. NVivo software was employed to acquire results which are presented visually using tables and concept maps. The study identifies common content taught in stand-alone ESD courses and makes recommendations for course modelling based on Group One data contributions and what content Group Two say they like. The recommendations are presented as seven categories of consolidated curricular themes including science and sustainability based, contextually relevant, and futures hope. Consideration is given to student internal/external motivational domains and possible connection to curricular themes. Recommendations are practical and flexible, not prescriptive. The original contribution to knowledge lies in suggestions for ESD course content.
The effect of sFRP-1 on the proliferation of nephroblastoma cell line SK-NEP-1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To detect the expression of wnt related genes in SK-NEP-1 human nephroblastoma cells and investigate the effect of sFRF-1 on the proliferation of SK-NEP-1 in vitro.Methods SK-NEP-1 cells were cultured in McCoys 5A medium with 15% fetal bovine serum.RTPCR was applied to detect the mRNA 1evel of WNT4、sFRP1、β-catenin genes in SK-NEp-1 and 293 cells respectively.Different concentration of Recombinant Human sFRP-1 and its antibody were added in SK-NEP-1 to investigation the cell proliferation.SK-NEP-1 cells were divided into four groups based on different treatments:control group(no treatment);low concentration group(500 ng/ml);high concentration group(10 μg/ml);antibody group(10μg/mL).Absorbance value (AV) was detected at 0,24,48 and 72h by CCK-8 kit.Results RT-PCR showed the mRNA level of WNT4 was very low whereas sFRP-1 and β-catenin were extremely high in SK-NEP-1 and 293 cells.SFRP-1 at low concentration of 500 ng/ml and the antibodv of sFRF-1 at high concentration of 1 0 μg/ml had no effect on the proliferation of SK-NEP-1 cells.On the other hand,sFRP-1 at high concentration of 10μg/mL could inhibit the growth of SK-NEP-1 cells.At the time of 24hr and 48 hr,the AV of group 3 was 0.82,0.79 times than that of group1,respectively.Conclusions The expression level of sFRP-1 was high and Wnt-4 was low in SK-NEP-1.SFRP-1 at low concentration of 500 ng/mL and the antibody of sFRP-1 had no effect on the proliferation of SK-NEP-1 cells.High concentration of sFRP-1 could inhibit the proliferation of SK-NEP-1 cells.

Key words:
nephroblastoma; sFRP-1:writ signal pathway
Experimental Political Philosophy: Justice Judgments in the Hypothetical Society Paradigm

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Political philosophers often employ thought experiments in developing their normative accounts of justice. Most famously within modern political philosophy, Rawls (1971) develops his theory of justice by reflecting on the principles of justice to which people would consent if they made their choices behind a "veil of ignorance" that blinded them to their likely standing in a future society. Almost as famously, Nozick (1974) advances his competing, libertarian conception of justice with a hypothetical about Wilt Chamberlain's entitlement to the fruits of his labor obtained through free exchange. Ackerman (1980) imagines a society in which a "perfect technology of justice" removes all practical impediments to achieving social justice-all for the express purpose of providing "a clean-cut thought experiment to test the claim that liberalism is bankrupt" (p. 21). Several other examples of prominent thought experiments in modern political philosophy could be given, for "[r]ecent liberal theory has been distinctive for its thought experiments" (Fishkin, 1992, p. 50).
Piano Education of the Normal Universities under the Multiculture Background

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Multi-culture music and multi-culture musical education have come into a new international trend,and have attracted wide attention from musical and educational fields.At the higher musical education institutes,it has deep practical meaning to widen students' multi-culture music horizon and carry out piano education under such background.During piano education,the teachers should strengthen the studies on each country and nation's piano culture as well as our own piano culture.
Human adipose‐derived stem cells attenuate cigarette smoke induced bone marrow hypoplasia via secretion of anti‐inflammatory cytokine TSG‐6

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction We have previously observed bone marrow hypoplasia in a murine model of chronic smoking, which was ameliorated by murine adipose‐derived stromal cells (ASC). This study was designed to test the hypothesis that ASC exert their marrow protective effects through key paracrine factors. Methods Mice (NSG) were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) for 1 day to 6 months. Human ASC or ASC conditioned media were administered through intravenous (i.v.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections. Expression of TSG‐6 in ASC were knocked down by siRNA and confirmed by real‐time PCR and ELISA. BM hematopoietic progenitor subsets were quantified by colony forming‐unit assays. Possible engrafted human ASC in mouse BM were examined by anti‐human nuclei staining. Results CS (6 mos) significantly reduced BM hematopoietic progenitors (vs. nonsmoker, 50.7%, p<0.01), which was restored by human ASC i.p. (110.6%, p>0.05) and i.v. (70.9%; p>0.05). Such damage occurred acutely after one‐day exposure (61.6 %, p<0.01), and could be ameliorated with either ASC (111.0%, p>0.05) or ASC conditioned media (105.7%, p>0.05). Knocking down TSG‐6 (>90%) abolished the protective effect of ASC. No human cells were detected in recipient mouse bone marrow. Conclusions The protective effects of ASC against smoking‐induced myelosuppression are mediated by paracrine factor TSG‐6 rather than cell engraftment or differentiation. Research supported by American Heart Association
Case study of adjacent integral bridges supported on continuous secant piled walls

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Integral bridges are often the preferred way of construction for short and medium span bridges in the UK. However, the behaviour of integral bridges is influenced by complex soil-structure interaction behaviour that may be cumbersome to predict and analyse when dealing with unusual structural arrangements. This paper presents a case study for the design of two single span bridges carrying a roundabout over a dual carriageway, supported on continuous secant piled walls. One of the bridges is fully integral while the adjacent structure is articulated at one end due to its skew. An alternative detail for the articulated end is proposed, to eliminate soil pressures and settlements at the back of the abutments as well as reduce the risk of water ingress to the bearings. The complex nature of the structural arrangement presented analytical challenges, that were solved by developing an advanced modelling approach, exploring two proposals. The first is to evaluate the geotechnical model for a range of imposed top of abutment displacements from the onset. The second, using unique non-linear springs and derived P-Y curves describes the more realistic variable nature of soil-structure interaction over the length of the walls leading to reduced soil pressures enhancing design feasibility.
A Practical Guide for Structural Variation Detection in the Human Genome

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Profiling genetic variants—including single nucleotide variants, small insertions and deletions, copy number variations, and structural variations (SVs)—from both healthy individuals and individuals with disease is a key component of genetic and biomedical research. SVs are large‐scale changes in the genome and involve breakage and rejoining of DNA fragments. They may affect thousands to millions of nucleotides and can lead to loss, gain, and reshuffling of genes and regulatory elements. SVs are known to impact gene expression and potentially result in altered phenotypes and diseases. Therefore, identifying SVs from the human genomes is particularly important. In this review, I describe advantages and disadvantages of the available high‐throughput assays for the discovery of SVs, which are the most challenging genetic alterations to detect. A practical guide is offered to suggest the most suitable strategies for discovering different types of SVs including common germline, rare, somatic, and complex variants. I also discuss factors to be considered, such as cost and performance, for different strategies when designing experiments. Last, I present several approaches to identify potential SV artifacts caused by samples, experimental procedures, and computational analysis. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: EXPLORATION OF THE POTENTIAL FOR HALAL TOURISM RETRIBUTION ON THE NORTH COAST OF MADURA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This aim of study is to explore the potential for regional levy revenue derived from halal tourism on the north coast of Madura Island. The uniqueness of this research lies in taking the object of research (halal tourism) after the COVID-19 pandemic. Population is a halal tourist attraction located on the north coast of Pamekasan Regency and Sumenep Regency (Madura Island), namely Jumiang Beach, Lombang, E-Kasoghi, Talang Siring, and Slopeng. Data collection techniques using purposive sampling methods with time vulnerability during 2019 to 2022 which are processed using halal potential analysis methods and quantitative descriptive methods. The results showed that the potential revenue of the halal tourism sector of the Madura coastal coast is quite high, as seen from several destinations that are able to generate significant revenue. The high revenue potential on these beaches has implications for significant local native income opportunities or potential. This research contributes to the government's program in levying levies on halal tourism. This research also contributes to the application of economic theory, legal theory, political theory, interest theory, stakeholder theory, and sustainable development goals (SDGs) that support levy collection in the field of halal tourism.
Towards Crowd-Sourced API Documentation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The learnability of an API suffers when the official documentation of the API is incomplete. Developers discuss usage scenarios of APIs in the online developer forums. As such, by automatically mining such crowd-sourced documentation of APIs, we can address the shortcomings of API official documentation. We present a framework to automatically mine usage scenarios about APIs from online developer forums. Each usage scenario of an API consists of a code example, a summary description, and the reactions (i.e., positive and negative opinions) of other developers towards the code example. We evaluate our API usage mining framework by producing a benchmark dataset. We observed a precision of 0.947 and a recall of 1.0 with the linking of a code example to an API mention in the forum.
Atopic Dermatitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Atopic dermatitis (AD; atopic eczema, eczema) is an inflammatory, chronically relapsing, and intensely pruritic skin disease occurring often in families with atopic diseases (atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, and/or allergic rhino-conjunctivitis). AD is a noncontagious inflammation of the epidermis and dermis with characteristic clinical (itch, erythema, papule, seropapule, vesicle, squames, crusts, lichenification, in synchronous, or metachronous polymorphy) and dermatopathological (spongiosis, acanthosis, hyper-and parakeratosis, lymphocytic infiltrates, and exocytosis, eosinophils) signs. With a prevalence of 2% to 5% (in children and young adults around 15%), AD is one of the most common skin diseases. The varying etiologic concepts of this disease are mirrored by the different names that are or have been used: “neurodermatitis,” “neurodermitis,” and “endogenous eczema” are just a few examples of current terms. Atopy is a strikingly common finding in these patients (Hanifin and Rajka 1980). It can be defined as familial hypersensitivity of the skin and the mucosa to environmental substances, associated with increased production of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and/or altered pharmacologic reactivity (Ring et al. 2006; Ring 2004). More recently, a new definition for atopy, restricted to IgE production, has been proposed: “a personal or familial tendency to produce IgE antibodies in response to low doses of allergens, usually proteins, and to develop typical symptoms such as asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, or eczema/dermatitis” (Johansson et al. 2004, pp. 832-836).
Correlation of H-hypertension and recurrent cerebral infarction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To investigate the correlation of H-hypertension and recurrent cerebral infarction.Methods Prospective study was performed from January 2004 to January 2008 at the Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Department of Neurology,656 cases of acute cerebral infarction patients were followed up for 1-year to record stroke recurrence.All patients were divided into recurrent and non-recurrent group according to their clinical evidence and cranial CT or MRI.Serum homocysteine(Hcy) was examined within 3 days of stroke onset by using high performance liquid chromatography.Hcy level≥10 μmol/L as high homocysteine(HHcy) standard,high blood pressure associated with HHcy were classified as the H-hypertension.Results(1)In 656 cases of acute cerebral infarction,111 cases were of recurrence,1 year recurrence rate was 16.9%.(2)83.8% of patients in the recurrent group showed a history of hypertension,significantly higher than 70.6% in the non-recurrence group;plasma Hcy levels[(22.39±9.45)μmol/L]in the recurrent group was significantly higher than that in the non-recurrent group[(16.94±9.85)μmol/L],the two groups were statistically different(P0.01).The proportion of H-hypertension in recurrent group were 78.2%,significantly higher than 65.1% in the non-recurrence group(P0.01).(3)Logistic regression analysis showed that age,hypertension,high Hcy,low high-density lipoprotein and H-hypertension were the independent risk factors for stroke recurrence.Conclusions H-hypertension is an independent risk factor for stroke recurrence,relapse prevention of stroke should be integrated,especially for hypertension and HHcy.
The Effect of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction at Securities Companies

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research aims to investigate the influence of service quality on customer satisfaction in the context of securities companies using the SERVQUAL approach. Securities companies have a crucial role in the financial markets, and customer satisfaction is a vital indicator in maintaining and increasing their market share. The SERVQUAL approach is used as a framework for measuring service quality by identifying five main dimensions: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy.The research methodology involves surveying customers of randomly selected securities firms. The data collected is then analyzed using relevant statistical methods to test the relationship between service quality variables and customer satisfaction. In addition, this study also considers demographic factors and customer experience as possible control variables influencing results.It is hoped that the results of this research will provide a better understanding of how aspects of service quality, such as speed in responding to customer questions, the accuracy of information provided, and the level of empathy of securities company staff, influence the level of customer satisfaction. These results are expected to help securities firms improve their service strategies, increase customer retention, and gain a competitive advantage in an increasingly competitive marketplace.This research is expected to provide valuable information for company executive securities, financial industry practitioners, and other researchers who are interested in understanding the dynamics of the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction in the context of securities companies. Apart from that, this research can also be a basis for further research that explores other factors that influence customer satisfaction and effective strategies to increase it
Study Urinary Calcium-Creatinine Ratio as a Predictor of Pre-Eclampsia in Pregnant Women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: To study the urinary calcium-creatinine ratio in prediction of pre-eclampsia in pregnant women. Objectives: (1). To study the urinary calcium : creatinine ratio among all pregnant women. (2). To correlate the urinary calcium : creatinine ratio in normotensive and pre-eclamptic women. Methodology: This Prospective, observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly. Urinary calcium creatinine ratio was determined in a random sample of urine in 50 patients of pre-eclampsia (Study group) and 50 normotensive pregnant (Control group) patients of age 20-35 years with gestational age 20 weeks onwards. Cut off value for CCR was taken as ≤ 0.04. Results: Out of 50 pre-eclamptic cases, 26(52%) cases in the study group had CCR ≤0.04 while only 7(14%) cases in control group had CCR ≤0.04 with a statistically significant p value of 0.000. On statistical analysis, CCR at ≤0.04 had a sensitivity of 52%, specificity of 86%, positive predictive value of 79% and negative predictive value of 64%. The accuracy of the test was 69%. Conclusion: A single estimation of urinary calcium to creatinine ratio in asymptomatic pregnant women after 20 weeks of gestation is a simple and cost-effective test. A value of less than or equal to 0.04, in a spot urine sample, has a good predictive value for preeclampsia.
Coherent Fourier scatterometry using orbital angular momentum beams for defect detection

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Defect inspection on lithographic substrates, masks, reticles, and wafers is an important quality assurance process in semiconductor manufacturing. Coherent Fourier scatterometry (CFS) using laser beams with a Gaussian spatial profile is the standard workhorse routinely used as an in-line inspection tool to achieve high throughput. As the semiconductor industry advances toward shrinking critical dimensions in high volume manufacturing using extreme ultraviolet lithography, new techniques that enable high-sensitivity, high-throughput, and in-line inspection are critically needed. Here we introduce a set of novel defect inspection techniques based on bright-field CFS using coherent beams that carry orbital angular momentum (OAM). One of these techniques, the differential OAM CFS, is particularly unique because it does not rely on referencing to a pre-established database in the case of regularly patterned structures with reflection symmetry. The differential OAM CFS exploits OAM beams with opposite wavefront or phase helicity to provide contrast in the presence of detects. We numerically investigated the performance of these techniques on both amplitude and phase defects and demonstrated their superior advantages—up to an order of magnitude higher in signal-to-noise ratio—over the conventional Gaussian beam CFS. These new techniques will enable increased sensitivity and robustness for in-line nanoscale defect inspection and the concept could also benefit x-ray scattering and scatterometry in general.