jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PROBLEM RELATED PAPER TENSION AND ITS SOLUTION IN NEWSPAPER PRODUCTION USING WEB OFFSET PRINTING MACHINE

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In-depth observations have been made on the web printing process for newspaper production. Observations were made to identify problems related to the tension of the roll paper used in the production of newspapers. The problem of roll-paper tension is observed from the main material, the upstream process (Reelstand Unit), the printing process and its supporting units such as the wetting unit, inking unit and in the folder unit which is a contineous process. From observing the problems in the printing process, the causes and solutions to the problems were identified which were then used as an operating standard reference for the newspaper production using a web offset printing machine.Keywords—web offset printing machine, newspaper, paper tension
Migration and residential social change : a longitudinal analysis of migration flows into, out-of and within London, 1971-1981 / Migration et changement social résidentiel : une analyse longitudinale des mouvements migratoires de Londres et vers Londres ainsi qu'à l'intérieur de Londres, 1971-1981

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper analyses the role of migration in residential social change in London during the intercensal decade 1971-81 using data from the 1 % Longitudinal Survey. It compares the socio-economic composition of out-migrants from, and in-migrants to London with the changing socio-economic composition of continuing residents, and it assesses the relative importance of migration and in-situ social change. It shows that while the incidence of out-migration of professional and managerial workers from London is high, this is partly offset by high levels of inmigration into these groups, especially among young people who were economically inactive in 1971 but who were classed as managers or professional workers in 1981. There is also a high level of internal occupational change as new entrants into the labour force replace departures. As a result of these changes, the occupational structure of London has not experienced a downwards shift which would be expected on the basis of out-migration alone.
130 PostErs EMBnet.journal 18.A Discovery of conserved long non-coding RNAs in vertebrates

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) have been re-ported as a major class of novel transcripts re-lated to organism development and early neu-ral expression pattern [1-4]. They are reported to be expressed in large numbers in the mam-malian transcriptomes [5,6] and recently re-ported to be expressed in the teleost fishes [7,8]. Computational identification and characteriza-tion of lncRNA from public sequence resources have been performed by different groups [9-11]. The focus of attention has been on the mam-malian genomes starting by the assumption that they are not well conserved in term of sequence. However, systematic studies measuring their lev-els of conservation among vertebrates are lack-
Vascular reactivity in isolated lungs of rats with spontaneous systemic hypertension.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pulmonary vascular reactivity to acute hypoxic challenges and to KCl was measured in isolated blood-perfused lungs of six rats with spontaneous systemic hypertension (SHR) and in six normotensive rats. Baseline perfusion pressure did not differ significantly between SHR (11.0 +/- 1.0 mm Hg) and normotensive controls (12.3 +/- 1.5 mm Hg). Reactivity to acute hypoxia was equal in both groups. In SHR the dose-response of perfusion pressure to KCl was shifted significantly towards lower perfusion pressures as compared with normotensive controls. These results suggest that, even though magnitude of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is not changed, the mechanism of the response may be altered in SHR.
Prelude to Nation-States: The French and German Experience, 1789-1815

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

PrefaceThe quarter of a century between 1789 and 1815 was a crucial time in the history of Continental Europe. It brought the first break with the remnants of feudalism; it gave the people the knowledge that it could and was entitled to change the existing social and political order and it determined the character of nationalism and the rising nation-states in the two leading nations of the Continent. It explains much of their following history, and its influence has not ended yet. Since 1945 the two nations have lost their dominant position in Europe, but their different behavior and “ideas” were to set in the intervening time the model for the aspirations to form nation-states everywhere, outside the English- speaking nation-states which with their religious matrix and their late- seventeenth and mid-eighteenth-century background have remained incomprehensible to most European observers. For that reason Germany underestimated the strength and the intervention of Britain and the United States in both world wars.Within this late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth-century context, France and Germany set the often conflicting models for the emerging nation-states which evolved in the nineteenth century in Europe and in the twentieth century in other continents. This process is far from finished. Thus this historical study, like probably all historical studies, is of some importance for an understanding of our present-day world. For me personally it has been a work of many years. It establishes the bridge between the Idea of Nationalism and the various books which followed and which deal with nineteenth-century European and twentieth-century worldwide nationalism, books like Prophets and Peoples, The Making of the Modern French Mind, The Mind of Germany, Pan-Slavism, Its History and Ideology, and The Age of Nationalism.I have always loved teaching because, among other things, it has kept me in contact with young minds, which have now become half-a-century younger than mine. In that way I have remained in touch with living history. For real teaching is always a give and a take, and it is difficult to say who is more enriched by this partnership. Perhaps it has taken time away from my research and writing. I do not regret it. One (one, not the only but probably the most important) task of the university is to continue the long chain of learning which started with the ancient Greeks and which assures us of the continuity of our civilization. Naturally, and legitimately, each generation adds its own point of view, changes the tradition, “revolts” against the “burden of the past.” When we were young, we did it too. I am glad that the present generation follows this pattern, perhaps sometimes with greater consciousness than we did. Yet with many of them I always found a common language and a common ground, and with many of their complaints I have been in full agreement.
Evaluation on the Pros and Cons of Police Intervening in the Disputes between Doctors and Patients

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With the increase of medical disputes in recent years,some hospitals employ police as the deputy head in order to avoid or even suppress contradictions of doctors and patients.The entry of police into hospital is suspected of abusing public police resources,which is not good for eliminating the contradictions of doctors and patients and provides negative lessons for solving disputes in our country.The main cause of contradictions of doctors and patients is the lack of conciliation mechanism.Legal and procedural solutions on solving disputes and contradictions should be provided by the country.
PENERAPAN PERSONAL SELLING MOBIL TOYOTA PADA PT. ASTRA INTERNATIONAL, TBK (TOYOTA SALES OPERATION) AUTO2000 CABANG A. YANI SURABAYA

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Personal selling mobil Toyota pada PT.
Astra International, Tbk (Toyota Sales Operation) AUTO2000 Cabang A.Yani Surabaya
- Memiliki manajemen sales force yang tersistem dengan baik dan memiliki
kualitas teruji dan tersertifikasi.
- Prinsip personal selling yang lengkap yang dimiliki perusahaan.
- Aspek penting dalam personal selling yang dianut oleh sales force perusahaan.
- Sales Force menguasai 7 steps personal selling untuk mendapatkan prospect dan
menghasilkan penjualan.
Efficient and accurate separable models for discrete material optimization: A continuous perspective

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Multi-material design optimization problems can, after discretization, be solved by the iterative solution of simpler sub-problems which approximate the original problem at an expansion point to first order. In particular, models constructed from convex separable first order approximations have a long and successful tradition in the design optimization community and have led to powerful optimization tools like the prominently used method of moving asymptotes (MMA). In this paper, we introduce several new separable approximations to a model problem and examine them in terms of accuracy and fast evaluation. The models can, in general, be nonconvex and are based on the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury matrix identity on the one hand, and on the mathematical concept of topological derivatives on the other hand. We show a surprising relation between two models originating from these two -- at a first sight -- very different concepts. Numerical experiments show a high level of accuracy for two of our proposed models while also their evaluation can be performed efficiently once enough data has been precomputed in an offline phase. Additionally it is demonstrated that suboptimal decisions can be avoided using our most accurate models.
Using Chatbots as Smart Teaching Assistants for First-Year Engineering Students

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract As the artificial intelligence (AI) field advances, more research areas within AI are emerging including machine learning, neural networks, fuzzy systems, and much more. In the last decade, chatbot technology has emerged as a new area of AI. Chatbot use-cases are surfacing across various sectors including banking, customer services, medicine, and e-commerce. Recently, chatbots have begun being used in education, and the potential advantages are notable. In this paper, we are reviewing related literature and presenting a mobile application system, named Alpha, that utilizes chatbots as smart teaching assistants. The system consists of an artificially intelligent (smart) chatbot, cloud-based database, speech recognition, and web services. We conducted a student survey and a usability assessment of the implemented system. We have integrated our system into a first-year engineering course, and more courses will be added in the future. The system aims to support students' learning processes and engagement in addition to providing real-time 24/7 assistance to students.
Arabian muds: A 21st-century natural history on crab plovers, crabs and molluscs

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Sultanate of Oman harbours an incredibly rich intertidal mudflat ecosystem: Barr Al Hikman. The place is different. A number of shorebirds, crabs and molluscs seems to have evolved exceptionally well-developed armature. In this thesis I aim to reveal part of an important evolutionary story.Most shorebirds in the area feed on crabs, that hide in burrows when they sense danger. The exception is the crab plover. This bird is specialized in catching mobile swimming crabs; crabs with powerful claws that ferociously defend themselves when attacked. Crab plovers owe the unique talent of catching crabs to their evenly uniquely shaped, dagger-like bill.Contrary to almost all other intertidal mudflat ecosystems in the world we observed hardly any molluscivorous shorebirds at Barr Al Hikman. At first we could not explain this observation as molluscs are abundant in the area. Yet detailed measurements showed that molluscs have particularly well-developed armature, notably thick shells. This armature restricts predation opportunities for birds. Swimming crabs however, with their powerful claws, appeared more adept at preying upon molluscs.We presume that the thick-shelled molluscs, the powerful claws of the swimming crabs and the dagger-like bill of the crab plover have evolved in so-called evolutionary arms races. Our results are in line with earlier work on coastal areas, showing that evolutionary arms races can escalate within the Indo-West Pacific region. Previous observations on the intertidal mudflat ecosystems in this region did not reveal the extent to which local species’ armature had developed. Our research shows that complex regional processes can affect the morphology and distribution of species. In the light of the conservation of species and global chance it is important to know these processes.
Entrepreneurial Competencies: An Extended Construct

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

When involved in entrepreneurship activities, the competencies of entrepreneurs are made tangible as entrepreneurs interact with their environment. This study focuses on a framework for entrepreneurial competencies. The entrepreneurial competencies held by entrepreneurs are explored from the perspectives of conative, social, and cognitive competencies. The multidimensional construct of entrepreneurial competencies is extended based on these perspectives, past studies, and an empirical study that uses data concerning entrepreneurs in China. This study contributes to science by developing a three-component construct of entrepreneurial competencies that has four elements (cognitive–education, cognitive–experience, conative, and social).
Changes in Center of Rotation and Offsets With Teardrop‐Landmark Acetabular Cup Positioning: A Computed Tomography Simulation Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Restoration of the hip center of rotation (COR) is a primary goal in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Although the teardrop has been widely used as a reference for acetabular cup positioning, its effect on offsets remains uncertain. We conducted a computed tomography–based simulation study of 60 hips (30 osteoarthritis, 30 osteonecrosis of the femoral head) undergoing THA. The contralateral, unaffected hip served as the control. The acetabular cup was positioned just lateral to the teardrop, aligned with the true floor of the acetabulum using preoperative templating software. Acetabular, femoral, and vertical offsets (AO, FO, and VO) were measured bilaterally, and the horizontal and vertical displacements of the COR were evaluated. Compared to the contralateral unaffected side, AO and FO significantly decreased and VO significantly increased on the surgical side ( p < 0.01). The COR shifted medially and superiorly in both OA and ONFH groups (average: 2.7–2.8 mm medial, 2.0–2.8 mm superior). In the OA group, global offset (GO), the sum of AO and FO, decreased by 4.7 mm due to a significant reduction in FO. Teardrop‐based positioning of the acetabular cup results in medial and superior displacement of the COR, consequently reducing AO and GO. In patients with osteoarthritis, a decreased FO further compromises GO, making femoral component adjustment essential for biomechanical restoration. Further investigation into the clinical ramifications of these offset changes is warranted.
[Natriuretic effect of haloperidol in dogs].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A 0.5 microM/kg/min infusion of haloperidol in the renal artery of 20 sodium-loaded dogs undergoing water diuresis is showed to induce the following net effects: a statistically significant reduction of both clearance of PAH (-18.1 +/- 6.6 ml/min), and glomerular filtration rate (-4.3 +/- 1.5 ml/min), an increase of both fractional excretion of sodium (+ 6.8 +/- 1.1%) and potassium (+ 55.1 +/- 5.5%), a decrease of fractional excretion of phosphate (-5.3 +/- 1.5%), and a lack of change of free water clearance (infused minus controlateral kidney difference).
Globalization

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

It is extremely difficult to penetrate hype surrounding term globalization, but, whether it is viewed as a panacea or demonized as source of all our evils, we need to try to do so (see Scholte, 1996). In a relatively short period of time, term has spread across academic disciplines, spawned multiple research centers, and generated a vigorous countermovement. It is most labile (as psychoanalysts would put it) of terms-fluid and slippery in its meaning and political implications. As a starting point I believe we could do worse than start with Daniel Drache's (1999: 7) (slightly?) tonguein-cheek conclusion that the simple truth is that one-third of globalisation narrative is oversold, one-third we do not understand because it is a process unfolding, and one-third is radically new. As debate on globalization moves beyond early polemical or wide-eyed assertions of its novelty, there seem to be three basic positions in contention: (1) globalist, which sees process as inevitable and irresistible by old national order; (2) traditionalist, which refuses to accept novelty of process and clings to nation-state; and (3) transformationalist, which sees a significant shift at global level but questions its scope and inevitability (see Held, 2000: 22-23). This triad is not too forced and is certainly an improvement on earlier polarization of positions. Most observers now accept time-space compression (Harvey, 1989) aspect of globalization and notion that social relations have become stretched across nation-state boundaries. There has been an intensification of cross-border flows in eco-
Dynamic Phasors in Modeling and Analysis of Unbalanced Polyphase Ac Machines

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper describes a novel approach to dynamical modeling of asymmetries in electric machines and polyphase systems (e.g., the ones caused by unbalanced supply waveforms). The proposed technique is a polyphase generalization of the dynamic phasor approach from power electronics and electric drives. The technique is applicable to nonlinear models, and offers distinct advantages in modeling, simulation, and control with respect to standard time-domain models. In a steady state, the dynamic phasors reduce to standard phasors from ac circuit theory. We performed experiments and simulations involving a three-phase induction motor and a three-phase synchronous permanent magnet motor, and we demonstrate that models based on dynamic phasors provide very accurate descriptions of observed transients. In a steady state, our approach yields improved equivalent circuits that contain coupling between the positive and negative sequence subcircuits.
Effects of Implanted Doppler Flowmeters on Femoral Vein Autografts

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Thirteen femoral vein autografts were placed into the corresponding ipsilateral femoral arteries of 8 mongrel dogs. Cuff-type Doppler (ultrasonic) flowmeters were placed around six of the grafts. None of the vessels thrombosed. Blood flow velocities were measured in all vessels up until the time of sacrifice (mean 95 +/- 5 days after surgery) or accidental death (one dog, 49 days after surgery). The only case of graft failure was attributed to infection at the flowmeter site. With this single exception, the vein grafts exhibited uniformity in histological appearance from dog to dog. These data suggest that implantation of properly designed Doppler flow transducers may have clinical applications. This technique permits continuous or intermittent assessment of blood flow characteristics through a graft without additional trauma or cost to the patient. It is free of the many inherent disadvantages of chronically implanted electromagnetic flowmeters and may negate the need in some instances for followup angiographic studies.
Comparison of FPIA and GC/MS techniques for the analysis of drugs in post-mortem urine samples

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Post-mortem urine samples were collected from 25 persons who died in Split-Dalmatia County during 1999-2000 under suspicion of drug intoxication. Samples were analyzed by fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in the aim of examination the possibility of FPIA usage as screening test method in determination of drug abuse in urine. The presence of the following drugs/metabolites was detected: opiates, methadone, amphetamines, tetrahydrocanabinol and cocain. The results have shown that FPIA is sufficiently reliable method for determination of addictive drugs (for each group the results match in 80% of analyses and more). Reliatively small number of samples comparised by this paper leaves this question open for further investigation.
Feature Query Networks: Neural Surface Description for Camera Pose Refinement

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Accurate 6-DoF camera pose estimation in known environments can be a very challenging task, especially when the query image was captured at viewpoints strongly differing from the set of reference camera poses. While structure-based methods have proved to deliver accurate camera pose estimates, they rely on pre-computed 3D descriptors coming from reference images often misaligned with query images. This discrepancy can subsequently harm downstream camera pose estimation tasks. In this paper we introduce the Feature Query Network (FQN), a ray-based descriptor regressor that can be used to query descriptors at known 3D locations under novel viewpoints. We show that the FQN is able to model viewpoint-dependency of high-dimensional keypoint descriptors and bring significant relative improvements to structure-based visual localization baselines.
Endometriosis : a radiological review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Endometriosis is a chronic gynaecological disorder primarily affecting women of reproductive age of uncertain aetiology. It is pathologically defined as the presence of functioning endometrium outside the uterus. Its physical presentation, clinical course and radiological appearances are varied. Endometriosis most commonly affects the ovaries and adjacent pelvic structures. Deposits on serosal surfaces lead to fibrosis and subsequent adhesions, strictures and tubal obstruction. Ultrasound is useful in identifying and characterising adnexal endometriotic cysts by their characteristic ultrasonographic appearance including low level internal echoes. X-ray computed tomography plays a limited role in identification of an ovarian mass and sequelae of endometriosis such as bowel obstruction, pelvic effusions, ureteric obstruction and haemorrhagic pleural effusions. Magnetic resonance imaging plays an important role in characterising and quantifying adnexal and extra adnexal disease. It is particularly useful in identifying small deposits on the serosal surfaces of small and large bowel. These may appear as fibrotic linear areas or spiculate foci. Disease affecting the uterine ligaments and tubes often leads to obstructive hydrosalpinx with resultant sub fertility. Involvement of the urinary bladder and distal ureters may lead to stricturing and subsequent hydronephrosis. MRI is useful in characterising endometriotic deposits in unusual locations such as subcutaneous tissues and in relation to surgical scars. Disease of the pelvic side wall may involve the sacral plexus with resultant deep pelvic and lower limb referred pain. These sites are amenable to MRI investigation. MRI is playing an increasingly important role in the pre operative staging of endometriosis, enabling more focal targeting of disease during laparoscopy.