jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the rapeutic effect of Naloxone and Nikethamide on AECOPD with pulmonary encephalopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To evaluate the clinical therapeutic effect of naloxone and nikethamide on AECOPD with pulmonary encephalopathy and analysis its mechanism.Methods 76 patients with AECOPD with pulmonary encephalopathy were randomized into two groups: the therapeutic group(n = 38) were given the treatment of naloxone and the control group(n = 38) treated with nikethamide separately.The change of R,HR,pH,PaO2 and PaCO2 was recorded,meanwhile observed the side effect as well as effect analysis.Results Compare to control group,the clinical symptoms and pH,PaO2,PaCO2 of the therapeutic group were ameliorated significantly,and there was significant difference between 2 groups(P 0.05).Conclusion The treatment of naloxone can improve the lung function and the clinical symptom of patients of AECOPD with pulmonary encephalopathy,which has less adverse effect.
Speaking in English: Oral Communication Apprehension and Self-Perceived Communication Competence among Marketing UndergraduatesinMalaysia

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In this study perceptions of final year marketing undergraduateswere investigatedat Universiti Malaysia Sarawak towards the feeling of anxiety they experienced when speaking in English. Specifically, the objectives of the study were to determine (a) the level of oral communication apprehension; (b) the level of self–perceived communication competence; and (c) to identify the relationship between the students’ English oral communication apprehension and self-perceived communication competence. A quantitative research design was adopted and McCroskey’s well-known questionnairewas used to measure communication apprehension levels in four communication contexts (groupdiscussion, meeting, interpersonal and public speaking).TheSelf-Perceived Communication Competencequestionnaire by the McCroskeys’ was used to measure communication in various contexts(public, meeting, group, and dyad) and from different receivers (stranger, acquaintance and friend). The results showed that the final year marketing undergraduateshad moderate levels of oral communication apprehension. Their level of self-perceived communication competence was also at the moderate level. Results also indicated a significant correlation between communication apprehension and self-perceived communication competence among the students. Keywords:Oral communication apprehension, self-perceived competence, marketing undergraduates
Psychological and Neurobehavioral Disorders in MS

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

In this article, the authors discuss the classification, recognition, and rehabilitation team management of psychological and neurobehavioral disorders in multiple sclerosis (MS), emphasizing throughout their view that from the psychological standpoint, MS is preeminently a disorder of the patient's self or identity. Disorders of the process of normal adjustment, disorders of organization and control (including disorders of affect and of cognition), and disorders of personality functioning are considered in turn. Finally, the authors discuss a model for the role of comprehensive, inpatient rehabilitation team treatment in addressing MS-related neurobehavioral disorders.
Car detection using transfer learning methodology

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Due to the emergence and rise of smartphones and other forms of embedded computing in today's times, it has become important to find object detection algorithms that are less resource intensive. In this project, I have tried to analyse some of the reasons existing algorithms for object detection are GPU intensive and have tried to implement an algorithm for car localization using neural networks that is also GPU efficient. Due to limited availability of GPU resources, it was not feasible to train the model from scratch. Hence, we have used transfer learning techniques by reusing some of the weights of some known models which are used for similar tasks.
Correlation Analysis in Wind Speed and Solar Insolation temporal series in Indian locations

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES) with more than one renewable source with appropriate storage can cater to the energy demand in a location when operating in grid dependent or isolated mode. Knowledge of region wise wind and solar potential is essential for optimum design of HRES in a location. Location specific temporal characteristics of renewable parameters have been analysed using Correlation Analysis (CA). This paper presents long term correlation and cross correlation analysis of wind speed and solar insolation across different locations in India. Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) and Detrended Cross Correlation Analysis (DCCA) has been used for determining the nature of correlations in the non-stationary temporal series. The information relating to the extent of cross correlation between wind speed and solar insolation at different locations will act as a pointer towards optimum region selection and component sizing of HRES.
Multiple-quantum-well asymmetric Fabry-Perot modulators for microwave photonic applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We describe the development of InGaAsP multiquantum-well asymmetric Fabry-Perot modulators (AFPM) for RF-over-fiber applications. Advantages of the AFPM include low drive voltage and loss, high linearity and simple fiber alignment. Experimental results of initial devices, exhibiting 5.5-dB modulation depth and >3-GHz operation, are described. The effect of the optical power on the device performance was assessed, and the modulation bandwidth was found to be unaffected by incident optical powers up to 0 dBm. The linearity of the modulation characteristic was measured by carrying out two-tone intermodulation distortion tests, and a third-order intercept point of 30 dBm was observed.
Preparing Special Education Teachers for Teaching Mathematics and Science with Technology by Integrating TPACK Framework into the Curriculum: A Study of Teachers’ Perceptions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examined the development of Technological Pedagogical And Content Knowledge (TPACK) in mathematics and science of pre-service special education teachers via one course. The course focused on the three domains of knowledge related specifically to integrating instructional technology into mathematics and science teaching and learning namely, Technological Content Knowledge (TCK), Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK) and TPACK. The Survey of Pre-service Teachers’ Knowledge of Teaching and Technology developed by Schmidt et al (2009) was used to measure pre-service teachers’ perceptions of knowledge. A paired t-test revealed that upon completion of the course requirements, students perceived to have had significant gains in each of the domains of teacher knowledge addressed in the course - effect sizes were large (between .69 and 1.10). Further, significant gains were also found in the area of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) but with moderate effect size.
Transient Inrush Current in High-Efficiency and Standard Motors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A study was made of motor transient inrush current as a function of steady-state locked current and power factor. A simplified formula is given to predict peak transient inrush values, and the method is supported by test data. This subject is important since modern protection systems detect transient currents electronically. There is an increasing need among standards organizations and users to be able to calculate transient conditions from steady-state parameters. An initial attempt is made to provide this facility.
Identification of a Ten-Gene Signature of DNA Damage Response Pathways with Prognostic Value in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Molecular prognostic signatures are critical for treatment decision-making in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC), but the robustness of these signatures is limited. The aberrant DNA damage response (DDR) pathway may lead to the accumulation of mutations and thus accelerate tumor progression in ESCC. Given this, we applied the LASSO Cox regression to the transcriptomic data of DDR genes, and a prognostic DDR-related gene expression signature (DRGS) consisting of ten genes was constructed, including PARP3, POLB, XRCC5, MLH1, DMC1, GTF2H3, PER1, SMC5, TCEA1, and HERC2. The DRGS was independently associated with overall survival in both training and validation cohorts. The DRGS achieved higher accuracy than six previously reported multigene signatures for the prediction of prognosis in comparable cohorts. Furtherly, a nomogram incorporating DRGS and clinicopathological features showed improved predicting performance. Taken together, the DRGS was identified as a novel, robust, and effective prognostic indicator, which may refine the scheme of risk stratification and management in ESCC patients.
[Is resistance to disinfectants a mandatory feature of a hospital strain of causative agents of nosocomial purulent-septic infections?].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Resistance of causative agents of nosocomial PSI to disinfectants is not an unconditional feature of a hospital strain, and concurrence of resistance profile of microorganisms to disinfectant preparations--a mandatory feature of the presence of epidemiologic connection between the diseased.
Averages of critical frequencies and virtual heights of the ionosphere, observed by the National Bureau of Standards at Washington, D.C., October to December, 1939

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The following ionosphere data are in continuation of those published in this J ournal and in each issue subsequently. All critical frequencies are now given in terms of the ordinary wave; this involves no difference for the E ‐ or F 1 ‐layers but the F 2 ‐layer critical frequency is about 750 kc lower than that for the extraordinary wave which was formerly given. Errata : The F 2 ‐layer critical frequencies for July, August, and September [Terr. Mag., 44 , 483 (1939), were erroneously designated as f x F 2 and should have been designated f ° F 2 .
The motion of the anterior cruciate ligament during internal and external rotation of the knee: a cadaveric study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most frequently injured ligament of the knee with over 100,000 injuries occurring annually in the United States alone. Often referred to as a single ligament, anatomically the ACL is composed of two distinct bundles: anteromedial (AM) and posterolateral (PL) To date, the change in position of the AM and PL bundles in the frontal plane during internal and external rotation of the tibia have gone unreported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantify and compare the movements of a femoral, midpoint, and tibial marker located on the AM and PL bundles of the ACL during 15° of internal and external rotation, in the presence and absence of an anterior force. Significant differences were found between internal and external rotation for both bundles in the presence and absence of an anterior force. Moreover, the tibial marker had the greatest change in position.
Biomarkers in Barrett's oesophagus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Biomarkers are needed to screen multiple stages in the clinical pathway of Barrett's oesophagus patients; from disease diagnosis to risk stratification and predicting response to therapy. Routes to the identification of biomarkers have been recognized by known molecular features of the disease and more recently through transcriptomic, methylation and proteomic screening approaches. The majority of Barrett's oesophagus patients remain undiagnosed in the general population. In order to develop a tool to screen for Barrett's oesophagus in the primary care setting, minimally invasive sampling methods coupled with immunocytology-based biomarkers are currently being assessed. Biomarkers may also have utility in surveillance programmes by allowing endoscopic interval to be adjusted according to individual neoplastic risk. Many individual biomarkers have been proposed in this regard, but have frequently been assessed in studies of limited power, or have lacked sufficient sensitivity or specificity when assessed in wider population-based studies. Biomarker panels may provide a route forward. In this regard, a panel of methylation markers has shown promise in a multicentre, double-blind, validation study. Biomarkers are also being developed to improve detection of high-grade dysplasia and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, utilizing brush cytology combined with FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization), and to assess therapeutic success and risk of complication during photodynamic therapy. Finally, we outline progress in identifying alternative sources of biomarkers for this condition.
Changes in sensitivity of Amaranthus retrof/exus L. seeds to ethylene during preincubation. I. Constant temperatures

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract. Germination responses of redroot pigweed ( Amaranthus retroflexus L.) seeds to ethylene were determined at 25, 30, 35, or 40° C after preincubation at various temperatures (15–35° C) for different periods (0.5–32 d). After 7 d preincubation, seeds showed a log‐linear germination response to ethylene concentration in most of the temperature treatments. Sensitivity to ethylene increased with longer preincubation; response thresholds of 0.03−0.09 cm 3 m −3 were observed after 32 d, compared to 0.18−1.6 cm 3 m −3 after 7 d of preincubation. Preincubation at 15 or 20° C generally enhanced germinability, whereas 25 or 30° C produced secondary dormancy, which was readily broken with ethylene. Temperature during preincubation also significantly influenced the slope of the dose‐response curve. The responses of preincubated redroot pigweed seeds to ethylene suggested that, in the field, seeds would probably not lose their sensitivity to this gas during prolonged burial in soil.
Rituximab in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome: a systematic review.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Recently, the role of B cells in the pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome is explained by some researchers. It has also been shown that the anti-CD20 antibody, rituximab, may be an option in the treatment of these patients. In this systematic review, we performed extensive search and identified studies on rituximab use in children with nephrotic syndrome. There are some case reports as well as larger series in this regard. The majority of these case reports and series have demonstrated the success of rituximab in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome, especially in pediatric patients with steroid-dependent and frequent-relapsing nephrotic syndrome. Nevertheless, the treatment strategies before and after rituximab infusion are not clear to date. On the other hand, it is believed that positive results on rituximab use in nephrotic syndrome are much more reported by researchers than the negative results and this is an important bias. Although most reports on rituximab use in pediatric patients have not recognized significant side effects, the long-term adverse events of rituximab are not known. Thus, controlled long-term studies are required to be done to assess the risk-benefit profile of rituximab in childhood nephrotic syndrome.
Evolution Characteristics of Cultivated Land Protection Policy in China Based on Smith Policy Implementation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

(1) Background: In the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and based on the historical evolution of cultivated land protection policy, we used the Smith model to address the problem of policy implementation bias and provide recommendations on how to ensure that cultivated land protection policy does not deviate in the implementation process. (2) Methods: The historical evolution process of China’s cultivated land protection policy was elucidated using literature analysis and the inductive deduction method; moreover, the issues regarding local evolution were investigated. In addition, utilizing the Smith model, which has an important role in policy implementation, the restoration direction of cultivated land protection in China was summarized. (3) Project: China’s cultivated land protection policy has demonstrated success in two stages of its historical development—from the basic stage of pursuing equal quantity and quality to the new stage of the trinity of “quantity–quality–ecology” of cultivated land. However, the trend of cultivated land protection policy development based on the regional division of labor in China still has some problems, i.e., the total quantity of cultivated land is insufficient, the quality is low, and the implementation of the trinity is unclear. These regional divisions depend on solving the balance of China’s grain security, and using the Smith model to solve the problem of policy implementation has become an important measure to resolve the issue of grain security and achieve the goal of cultivated land protection. (4) Conclusions: The Smith model is suitable for the implementation of China’s cultivated land protection policy. By utilizing the Smith model, the policy target group was found to be conducive to contributing to the maturity of and improvement in China’s cultivated land protection policy.
Hobbes,Thomas

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The fame of Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679) rests chiefly on his authorship of controversial works of political theory such as De cive (The citizen ) (1642) and Leviathan (1651). However, Hobbes's wide‐ranging interests and publications defy modern categories of scholarship. Hobbes was a polymath. Treatises on optics, mathematics, theology, literary theory, jurisprudence, and physical mechanics occupy substantial portions of his corpus. Although he can now hardly be separated from the aphorism ‘nasty, brutish, and short’ – an incomplete account of Leviathan 's conjectural description of life in the pre‐civil state of nature – Hobbes has also been called ‘gripping’ by the likes of Jacques Derrida (2009) and a ‘master of nuance and innuendo’ by the contemporary poet Geoffrey Hill (2008). Hobbes's further interest to students of English Renaissance literature includes his thought on rhetoric, wit, representation, language, and authority.
Problems of Thermophysics and Thermal Engineering for the New Technologies of the Twenty-First Century

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This review article gives an overview of some topics related to classical and modern problems in the theory of heat, its meaning for various branches, and thermal management of equipment. The specific requirements for new technologies involved in the thermal operation of miniaturized instruments, components of equipment, devices, units operating in fast-response regimes, improvement of heat resistance, reliability, and endurance are considered. Special requirements have been put forward for nanotechnologies, where engineering parts, elements of devices, and technological equipment have microscopic and submicroscopic dimensions. Also, the stringent requirements of thermal modes of modern large-scale technologies in such branches of industry as nuclear power engineering and rocket-space engineering have become more important and determining. The thermal modes of these technologies call for new approaches to the design of the thermodynamic state of micro- and macrosystems, high-temperature plasma, and cryogenic temperatures. New results of the study of the mechanism of heat transfer in phase transitions, principally in new approaches to the problem of enhancement of heat transfer in one- and two-phase flows are presented. The importance of studies of thermal processes providing reliable thermal modes of new power plants, microsystems, and nanotechnologies is shown. The significance of advances in the study of thermal processes for developing the theory of heat is discussed. Especially considered are achievements in the theory of heat for its role in the decisions of actual problems of biology, medicine, and environment. This review article cites 105 references, most of them in Russian.
Exciton Liquid in Coupled Quantum Wells

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Excitons in semiconductors may form correlated phases at low temperatures. We report the observation of an exciton liquid in GaAs/AlGaAs coupled quantum wells. Above a critical density and below a critical temperature the photogenerated electrons and holes separate into two phases, an electron-hole plasma and an exciton liquid, with a clear sharp boundary between them. The two phases are characterized by distinct photoluminescence spectra and by different electrical conductance. The liquid phase is formed by the repulsive interaction between the dipolar excitons, and exhibits a short range order, which is manifested in the photoluminescence lineshape.
Gold-Conjugated Curcumin as a Novel Therapeutic Agent against Brain-Eating Amoebae

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Balamuthia mandrillaris and Naegleria fowleri are free-living amoebae that cause infection of the central nervous system, granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) and primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), respectively. The fact that mortality rates for cases of GAE and PAM are more than 95% indicates the need for new therapeutic agents against those amoebae. Considering that curcumin exhibits a wide range of biological properties and has shown efficacy against Acanthamoeba castellanii, we evaluated the amoebicidal properties of curcumin against N. fowleri and B. mandrillaris. Curcumin showed significant amoebicidal activities with an AC50 of 172 and 74 μM against B. mandrillaris and N. fowleri, respectively. Moreover, these compounds were also conjugated with gold nanoparticles to further increase their amoebicidal activities. After conjugation with gold nanoparticles, amoebicidal activities of the drugs were increased by up to 56 and 37% against B. mandrillaris and N. fowleri, respectively. These findings are remarkable and suggest that clinically available curcumin and our gold-conjugated curcumin nanoparticles hold promise in the improved treatment of fatal infections caused by brain-eating amoebae and should serve as a model in the rationale development of therapeutic interventions against other infections.
The geology of the Windellama area, New South Wales

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Mapping of some 50 km 2 in the Windellama area has revealed a sequence of 1,700 m or more of Early Devonian carbonate and terrigenous sediments downfaulted into rocks at least in part of Late Silurian age.The Devonian succession consists of approximately 200 m of terrigenous sediments overlain by about 283 m of carbonates, the Windellama Limestone, overlain in turn by a further 1,200 m or more of sandstones and siltstones.The Windellama Limestone yielded rich macro and micro-faunas of Early Devonian (Lochkovian) age.The overlying terrigenous sediments have yielded a coral-trilobite-brachiopod fauna of Early Devonian (Praguian) age.