jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic Plasticity of the Seedlings of Camptotheca acuminata and Gordonia acuminata under Different Light Regimes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effects of different light regimes(such as open,gap and understory) on the phonotypic plasticity of the seedlings of Camptotheca acuminata and Gordonia acuminata were studied,based on the leaf traits. The results showed that:1) Seedings of C. acuminata,as a deciduous broadleaf tree,mainly improved the self-shading,increased the midrib angle and ratio of root biomass to total biomass,and decreased the specific leaf area to adapt the full light in the open sites. Therefore those seedlings exhibited the highest relative growth rate in the open sites in compared with the other light regimes. However,the seedling of G. acuminata did not show the similar adaptability in the open light environment. 2) In order to receive more light energy in gap,the seedlings of G. acuminata developed more leaves,and larger single leaf area and specific leaf area,and increased the ratio of leaf biomass to total biomass. Therefore,the seedlings of G. acuminata could grow relatively higher in gap than that in open and understory. Compared with G. acuminata,the seedlings of C. acuminata in gap had larger single leaf area and total leaf area,longer petiole,and higher growth rates in height and total leaf area. 3) From March to August,the height of the seedlings of C. acuminata in gap increased by 35.3 cm,which was about 5.3 times of the height growth(6.6 cm) of the seedlings of G. acuminata. Therefore,in the gap,C. acuminata seedlings with a distinct competitive advantage of light resources showed a higher relative growth rate than G. acuminata,which was one of the major reasons why the deciduous broad-leaved tree of C. acuminata in evergreen broad-leaved forests. 4) Because of the lack of sufficient solar energy,the two trees’ seedlings could not grow well in the understory. 5) The phenotypic plasticity index based on leaf traits in different light regimes of C. acuminata was much higher than the those of G. acuminata,which was another important reason for the existence of C. acuminata in evergreen broad-leaved forests.
The impact of special exercises (land-water) in developing the functional capabilities and performance of shipwrecked rescuers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The aim of the research is to design specific exercises (land-water) by supporting the development of functional skills and performance of shipwreck rescuers. This was observed through the researcher's work as well as by monitoring drowning incidents using Iraqi Ministry of Health statistics and Babylon Governorate statistics, particularly the high incidence of drowning. Their reasons included the low functional competence of rescuers' body systems and that the rescue operation could require a high level of physical and functional exertion. Likewise, the lack of specific exercises for lifeguards and the lack of use of training aids (legs, pull ropes) in the daily training sessions for lifeguards. Which requires training according to the development in the use of these training methods, which are practiced in the countries of the world in the field of training. As a result, this negatively impacted lifeguard performance and was an element that led to an increase in drowning incidents and then a departure from the goals for which this assistance was set. And explore the impact of using these tools. The researcher designed special ground-water exercises with auxiliary means and conducted daily training units, and they were divided into two groups. The first is experimental and the second controls, and the experimental group has implemented the proposed method prepared by the researcher. And the control group implemented the traditional training curriculum prepared by the official. The researcher conducted the necessary tests before and after the training period, which lasted (8) weeks, with three training units per week. The results were analyzed using the necessary statistical operations, and the researcher concluded that both groups had remarkable development. However, the experimental group was the best in the results, and in light of this, the researcher recommends the need to prepare special exercises (land - water) with special aids for the rescue process to develop the functional capabilities of the body systems and develop the performance of shipwrecked rescuers.
Design and optimization of district energy systems

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The reduction of CO2 emissions is a challenge for the coming decade, especially with the implementation of the Kyoto protocol. Since energy services (mainly heating and cooling of buildings) contribute to over 40% of the final energy consumption in a country like Switzerland, it is essential to find ways to improve the efficiency of energy conversion technologies. This can be done by combining these energy conversion technologies into polygeneration systems for instance. However, to ensure that polygeneration systems operate as often as possible at or near their optimal load, it is meaningful to implement systems that meet the requirements of more than just one building, in order to take advantage of the various load profiles of the buildings by compensating the fluctuations and having therefore a smoother operation. Besides, because these systems are complex and defacto difficult to operate, there are usually not justified in an individual building where no continuous professional control can be guaranteed. It is much more advantageous to implement them in a small plant that serves several buildings, and that is managed by an energy service company. This means that a network needs to be designed, that optimally connects the buildings and the energy conversion technologies together. A new methodology to design and optimize district energy systems is therefore being developed. The method (see figure) is based on the combination of an evolutionary algorithm, a network design and optimization algorithm, and several thermo- economic models for the energy conversion technologies. The first step is to select a district for which an energy system has to be developed or modified. The available renewable energy sources existing near or in the district, and thus the possible energy conversion technologies, are identified. Besides, all the relevant information regarding the district have to be structured: the geographical coordinates of the buildings, the load profiles of the buildings and finally the constraints (legal regulations, topology, existing networks,â¦). Once this information structuring phase is completed, the method for the design of the network and the energy conversion technologies can be applied, resulting in a number of different configurations. The costs and CO2-emissions are computed for each configuration on a Pareto-curve and the results compared. In this presentation, we present the first results of the implementation of this method.
Security and Privacy of Image by Encryption, Lossy Compression and Iterative Reconstruction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Now a days, large files such as digital images, to be easily transmitted over the internet.New problems associated with this are security and privacy of image.Using pseudorandom permutation, image encryption is obtained.Confidentiality and access control is done by encryption.Encrypted image is compressed by using orthogonal transform.Irrelevance and redundancy of the image data is reduced by image compression because this is easy to store or transmit data in an efficient form.Reconstruct the original image by iterative reconstruction procedure.In this, flexible compression ratio is used and significantly improves the compression efficiency.
Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition of Terminal Alkynes to β‐Imino Esters: An Efficient and Direct Method in the Synthesis of Chiral β3‐Alkynyl β2,2‐Dimethyl Amino Acid Derivatives

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract magnified image The first catalytic asymmetric addition of terminal alkynes to β‐imino esters was carried out using chiral copper(I) complexes as catalysts under mild reaction conditions, providing an efficient and direct synthetic approach to β 3 ‐alkynyl β 2,2 ‐dimethyl amino esters with yields of 73–97% and 48–90% ee . The rich chemistry of the alkynyl functionality makes the present method a powerful and versatile approach to a wide range of optically active β 2,2 ‐dimethyl amino acid derivatives.
Developing a relationally dynamic epistemology for educational knowledge

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The presentation is framed within a view of philosophy as loving wisdom. It includes a stipulative definition of living educational theories and a distinction between educational research and education research. The focus is on sharing my meanings of the practical principles I use in my explanations of educational influences in learning. These meanings have emerged from a 40 year educational research programme into improving practice and generating educational knowledge in the form of living educational theories. The programme has involved the exploration of implications of asking, researching and answering questions of the kind, ‘How do I improve what I am doing?’ The meanings of the practical principles involve flows of energy and values. The meanings of these practical principles are expressed within an analysis of visual data of my educational practices. The analysis shows how the meanings of practical principles in explanations of educational influence in learning, can be clarified and developed in the course of their emergence in practice. This ostensive method for clarifying meanings will be related to my initiation into the philosophy of education with the lexical and conceptual analysis used by Peters (1966) and other philosophers to explore the implications of asking questions of the kind, ‘What ought I to do?’ The findings on the use of multi-media narratives for the explication and communication of the meanings of practical principles with their flows of energy and values will be considered in terms of the creation of a relationally dynamic epistemology for educational knowledge. The findings reveal limitations in the sole use of printed text-based media for representing these principles in explanations of educational influences in learning. Some implications of the practical principles and epistemology will be related to the mission of the American Educational Research Association, the Transformative Education/al Studies Project in South Africa and the Pestalozzi Programme in the 47 member countries of the Council of Europe. Focus My focus is on explicating and clarifying meanings of practical principles, with their flows of energy and values, in explanations of educational influences in learning. The significance I attach to these meanings is related to my desire to
Kafka, the Caribbean, and the Holocaust

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This essay reexamines the figure of Franz Kafka (1883–1924) in light of his largely ignored, recursive links to circum-Caribbean and Black Atlantic processes of racialized exploitation and corporal punishment. When we centre Kafka's extensive biographical and literary engagements with these processes, the persistent debate over Kafka's status as a Holocaust prophet emerges in a new light. Kafka's archival trail connects his lifelong attention to African enslavement and New World plantation economies to his nightmarish vision of murderous bureaucracies – a connection that crystallizes concretely in his 1919 short story "In the Penal Colony." The archival and aesthetic connections direct us to a historiographical one, namely the increasingly excavated genealogical linkages between the Holocaust and anterior genocidal depredations in Africa and the New World under the auspices of European colonialism. This historiographical reorientation allows us to recast, in a global frame, the debate over Kafka's status as a prophet of world history, a debate that has heretofore operated through the exclusion of the transatlantic slave trade. Kafka's extensively documented attunement to colonial political economies provides formal, figural mechanisms that not only link the juridical–economic worlds of Caribbean slavery and Hitler's Third Reich, but also anticipate, and disable, the dehistoricized, Eurocentric appropriation of his textual archive as a premonition of Auschwitz.
Self-oscillating resonant AC/DC converter topology for input power-factor correction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the analysis and design of a single-phase single-stage high-power-factor AC/DC converter employing a series-parallel resonant topology operating in self-sustained oscillating mode. A control approach is proposed to achieve low total harmonic distortion of the input current. This approach does not require sensing of the input current. In addition, the inverter output current is limited during transients, and the converter operates with zero voltage switching for all operating conditions including open and short circuit. The performance of the proposed scheme is verified experimentally on a 500 W prototype.
The “Chinese Century” and the dynamics of knowledge in a longue durée

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Contemporary discourses of “Asian Century” or “Chinese Century” lead to the belief that economic growth and participation of world politics of Asian nations are changing today’s world. However, we also wonder to what extent it will restructure our world, if today’s world and our common future are still conceptualized and imagined according to the foundation of knowledge that was and is still offered by the history of Western civilization and if we still remain as consumers of universal modernity within the language frame of development and modernization. This article offers some reflections on the decoloniality of knowledge in the Chinese context. To better understand the historic process as well as to open discussions to make possible changes from a broader perspective, we will look at two moments in Chinese academia: one is related to educational movements in the beginning of the last century and the second is in regard to some new trends in the current Chinese anthropological scene.
The numb cheek syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Three patients with skin cancer had numbness isolated to one cheek, in the distribution of the infraorbital nerve. Hypesthesia also involved the medial and lateral upper incisors and canine teeth, and adjacent gingiva, sparing the more posterior teeth and gums. The molar and premolar teeth and gums are innervated by the posterior and middle superior alveolar nerves; because these structures were spared, the pathologic process was localized to the infraorbital foramen, and we could exclude involvement of the maxillary division more proximally. In two patients, cheek numbness heralded recurrent squamous cell carcinoma. Analogous anatomy at the mental foramen should help distinguish intracranial leptomeningeal from local mandibular lesions producing isolated numbness of the chin.
Implementation of Religious Moderation in Muslim Families Bagan Siapiapi, Riau in the Perspective of Fath al-Dzarī’ah

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article aims to describe the concrete efforts made by Muslim families in Bagansiapiapi, Riau in implementing the concept of religious moderation to create a harmonious atmosphere in the midst of a pluralistic society. This research is a field research, with a sociological-empirical approach. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation, interviews and documentation. The research informants consist of ten Muslim families in Bagan Siapiapi as key informants. The data that have been collected are then processed to be analyzed qualitatively-descriptively-analystically through the fath al-dzarī’ah theory. The results of this study indicate that there are four efforts of religious moderation that have been implemented by the Bagan Siapiapi community, namely: first, the "Clean City" activity. Second, the "Bakar Tongkak" activity. Third, regular meetings of the Interfaith Harmony Forum (FKUB). Fourth, prevention of intra and interfaith conflicts in society. The activities of “Cleaning the City”, “Bakar Tongkak”, and the regular meetings of the Interfaith Harmony Forum, from the perspective of fath al-dzarī’ah, are forms of al-dzarī’ah or means to create religious moderation whose ultimate goal is for the good or welfare of the heterogeneous Bagan Siapiapi community. As achieving welfare is highly recommended in Islam, all activities that lead to the common good must continue to be encouraged (fath).
La formación ciudadana en el curriculum escolar de la Provincia de Córdoba-Argentina

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

El artículo recupera la experiencia de ampliación de saberes inherentes a la ciudadanía, en los diseños curriculares de la provincia de Córdoba, en todos los niveles y ciclos de la educación obligatoria, encuadrados en los lineamientos de la \npolítica educativa de la provincia de Córdoba. A la luz de dicho marco curricular, en el contexto de los acuerdos nacionales, el texto retoma, profundiza y resignifica la tradicional inclusión de estos saberes en la escuela; amplía concepciones. El artículo recupera la experiencia de ampliación de saberes inherentes a la ciudadanía, en los diseños curriculares de la provincia de Córdoba, en todos los niveles y ciclos de la educación obligatoria, encuadrados en los lineamientos de la política educativa de la provincia de Córdoba. A la luz de dicho marco curricular, en el contexto de los acuerdos nacionales, el texto retoma, profundiza y resignifica la tradicional inclusión de estos saberes en la escuela; amplía concepciones sobre la ciudadanía, la política y su enseñanza; contextualiza los cambios en las representaciones culturales acerca de la \nparticipación e identifica las capacidades fundamentales necesarias para su efectivo ejercicio sobre la ciudadanía, la política y su enseñanza; contextualiza los cambios en las representaciones culturales acerca de la participación e identifica las capacidades fundamentales necesarias para su efectivo ejercicio.
Testing for Consistency in Tourists' Willingness to Pay for New Nature Reserves in the Gulf of Morbihan (France)

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In this paper, we develop an empirical test of consistency in contingent willingness to pay (WTP) responses, which is based on the following a priori expectation. In economics, when an individual considers paying for public goods, his decision to pay, and his WTP are based on utility-maximising behaviour. Accordingly, supposing other factors are identical, if individual A expresses greater interest in paying for public goods in general than individual B, that is because A receives more benefits from the use and/or the non-use of these goods than B. Continuing with this logic, if both individuals are asked about their WTP for a precise public good, A should logically be more likely to pay and should be willing to pay more than B. Thus, the test consists in measuring the degree to which people are likely to give money for public goods in general, and including it as a covariate in WTP models for the specific public good. If this covariate is significantly positive, then WTP responses are considered consistent. If this is not the case, then future research might focus on motives behind inconsistent WTP responses. To assess the robustness of the test, we consider 3 situations 1) the covariate is exogenous 2) it is endogenous and uncorrelated with the choice to pay or not for the specific good 3) it is endogenous and correlated with this choice. Using a contingent valuation study estimating tourists’ willingness to pay for future nature reserves in the Gulf of Morbihan, we find that WTP responses are consistent in all situations considered.
Existence results for a borderline case of a class of p-Laplacian problems

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this paper is investigating the existence of at least one nontrivial bounded solution of the new asymptotically ``linear'' problem \[ \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} - {\rm div} \left[\left(A_0(x) + A(x) |u|^{ps}\right) |\nabla u|^{p-2} \nabla u\right] + s\ A(x) |u|^{ps-2} u\ |\nabla u|^p &\\ \qquad\qquad\qquad =\ μ|u|^{p (s + 1) -2} u + g(x,u) & \hbox{in $Ω$,}\\ u = 0 & \hbox{on $\partialΩ$,} \end{array}\right.\] where $Ω$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^N$, $N \ge 2$, $1 < p < N$, $s > 1/p$, both the coefficients $A_0(x)$ and $A(x)$ are in $L^\infty(Ω)$ and far away from 0, $μ\in \mathbb{R}$, and the ``perturbation'' term $g(x,t)$ is a Carathéodory function on $Ω\times \mathbb{R}$ which grows as $|t|^{r-1}$ with $1\le r < p (s + 1)$ and is such that $g(x,t) \approx ν|t|^{p-2} t$ as $t \to 0$. By introducing suitable thresholds for the parameters $ν$ and $μ$, which are related to the coefficients $A_0(x)$, respectively $A(x)$, under suitable hypotheses on $g(x,t)$, the existence of a nontrivial weak solution is proved if either $ν$ is large enough with $μ$ small enough or $ν$ is small enough with $μ$ large enough. Variational methods are used and in the first case a minimization argument applies while in the second case a suitable Mountain Pass Theorem is used.
COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND FRAUDULENT ACTIONS IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: THE CASE OF HOTEL COMPANIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The quality of information presented in the financial statements of companies may be impaired due to fraudulent activities. One of the frequently used instruments that indicates that fraud has been committed in the financial statements is the Beneish M-score model. The purpose of the research is to examine the exposure of hotel companies in the Republic of Serbia to the risk of fraud in financial statements, as well as to determine whether there has been a change in that risk due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted on a sample of 100 randomly selected hotel companies, and their financial reports for 2019 and 2020 were observed. There was a high risk of fraud based on the recognition of costs of sales, management and administration, and borrowing in both observed years, as well as a high risk of fraud based on the recognition of income and gross margin index in 2020. Further, it was determined that in the year of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in the risk of fraud in the financial statements based on the gross margin index and recognition of selling, management and administration costs. Microenterprises are exposed to a higher risk of fraud based on the recognition of costs of sales, management and administration compared to medium-sized ones. Limited liability companies are more exposed to risk based on the recognition of sales revenue, accrual item and total risk (measured by the 8-variable model) compared to joint-stock companies. On the other hand, joint-stock companies are more exposed to the risk of fraud based on gross margin and general risk of fraud (measured by the 5-variable model) compared to limited liability companies.
Optimization on Rugged Landscapes: A New General Purpose Monte Carlo Approach

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A new strategy for finding optimal solutions to complex problems with many competing requirements is proposed. It consists in an alternating optimization of the energy, cost, or fitness function of the system itself, and of subsystems of all sizes with an appropriate weight function. For various spin glasses (the $N\ensuremath{-}k$ model, the low autocorrelation binary sequence model, and the Coulomb glass), and for traveling salesman problems, the corresponding Monte Carlo algorithm is shown to yield results superior to those obtained by previous optimization techniques.