jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Transfusions of Previously Frozen Washed Human Platelets

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The platelets used in this study were collected by serial centrifligation, and within four hours of collection were frozen with 5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at an overall rate of 2 to 3 C per minute by storage in a mechanical refrigerator at ‐80 C. The frozen platelets were stored for four to ten weeks before thawing and washing. After washing, the units were kept at room temperature for six to eight hours before transfusion. The units were pooled, and an average of eight units was given to each of four patients, with a range of three to 14 units per transfusion. In vitro recovery after washing was about 65 per cent and in vivo recovery of the 51 chromium labeled ( 51 Cr) platelets was about 35 per cent. The infusion of these previously frozen washed platelets corrected prolonged bleeding times in patients. The homologous platelets were transfused along with other blood products to treat patients with hematologic disorders. The circulation and function of the donor platelets were influenced by compatibility of the platelets, the quality of platelet preservation and the patient's disease state.
Plant surplus carbon underlies belowground carbon fluxes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

&lt;p&gt;I propose that patterns of belowground carbon flux observed under various environmental conditions can be largely explained by plant production of &amp;#8216;surplus carbon&amp;#8217;. Under common environmental conditions such as moderate deficiencies of water, nitrogen or phosphorus, high light, low temperatures, or elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, plant leaf cells produce more photo-assimilates than they are able to use for primary metabolism, and so have surplus fixed carbon. Accumulation of surplus carbohydrates can damage leaf cells and so must be either transformed to other compounds or removed from the leaf. Active carbohydrate sinks are essential for the transport and removal of surplus C. Moderate deficiencies of N or P do not interfere with phloem loading, so much of the surplus C can be transported through the phloem, eventually reaching the roots. Active sinks for surplus carbon in roots include phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated respiration, conversion to starch, transfer to mycorrhizal fungi, or carboxylation to malate which is exuded or taken up by bacteria both inside and outside the root. These active sinks prevent metabolite accumulation and feedback inhibition of photosynthesis. The foundational benefit of belowground C fluxes and transfers to root-associated organisms may be assisting with the removal of surplus fixed carbon.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
Adaptive framework to the search and retrieval of digital educational resources

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The union between ICT and education come a great potential possibility for provide students custom environments to their needs and preferences. An alternative are adaptive systems, which require adaptation strategies and the definition of a model student, including the main characteristics of users, which will serve to make changes in the educational environment automatically. In this paper, an adaptive platform is proposed in which the specific characteristics of a user are used to perform the customized delivery of digital educational resources that are available through repositories. Some adaptations are also made in the user interfaces with educational special needs, certainly user visual disabilities.
Treatment of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Protrusions by Manipulation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

From 1975 through 1983, a total of 517 patients with protruded lumbar discs were admitted for manipulative treatment. Of these, 76.8% had satisfactory results. There were 73 recurrences (14.1%) at intervals ranging from two months to 12 years. Forty-seven cases did not respond to manipulation. These results indicate that manipulation of the spine can be effective treatment for lumbar disc protrusions. In general, the manipulation consists of eight maneuvers in three positions. The selection of the appropriate maneuvers depends on the patient's symptoms and signs and on the judgment and expertise of the operator. Practice is necessary to become proficient in spinal manipulation techniques. Several mechanisms of regression lumbar disc protrusions are possible.
Consumer Behavior and Marketing Mixed on Improving Decision-Making for Birth Delivery with Quality of Delivery Services as Variable Intervening

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Background: Excellent service quality needs to get immediate attention in providing services in hospitals; for this reason, it is essential to improve service quality as a marketing strategy. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of consumer behavior and marketing mix on the decision to select a delivery setting at Kartika Pulo Mas Hospital. Method: The quantitative and cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2022 - November 2022. A total of 50 patients as respondents were involved. Result: The results showed that consumer behavior, marketing mix, and service quality significantly affected the decision to choose a place of delivery at Kartika Pulo Mas Hospital. Conclusion: In conclusion, consumer behavior and marketing mix significantly affect decision-making in choosing a place of delivery at Kartika Pulo Mas Hospital, with the quality of delivery services as an intervening variable. Recommendation: The findings are input for hospital management to develop marketing strategies to improve consumer behavior in the form of consumer trust and also improve the marketing mix and quality of delivery services. Thereby, decision-making in choosing a place of delivery could improve
MOESM1 of Topoisomerase I activity and sensitivity to camptothecin in breast cancer-derived cells: a comparative study

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Additional file 1: Table S1. description of the cell lines used in the study. Table S2. Shows the result of the quantifications of the TOP1 protein levels. Figure S1. Nuclear TOP1 IHC staining. Figure S2. Shows the correlation between TOP1 protein expression level and TOP1 gene copy number in cell lines of the luminal subtype. Figure S3. Shows the correlation between TOP1 protein expression level and TOP1 gene copy number in cell lines of the HER2 subtype. Figure S4. Shows the correlation between TOP1 protein expression level and TOP1 gene copy number in cell lines of the TNBC subtype. Figure S5. Shows the correlation between TOP1 activity and protein expression level in cell lines of the luminal subtype. Figure S6. Shows the correlation between TOP1 activity and protein expression level in cell lines of the TNBC subtype. Figure S7. Shows the correlation between TOP1 activity and protein expression level in cell lines of the HER2 subtype. Figure S8. Shows a graphically depiction of TOP1 susceptibility to CPT in nuclear extracts. Table S3. Summary of the results obtained for all investigated parameters.
Bending Properties of Cortical Bone of the Horse

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY Bending properties of samples of cortical bone taken from the cranial, caudal, medial, and lateral quadrants of the midshaft of the radius, femur, and metacarpus of 12 ponies, 18 months old, were determined by 4-point loading at a rate of 10 mm/minute. The elastic modulus for all samples was between 16.2 and 20.2 GN/m 2 , and the ultimate breaking strength, between 204 and 255 MN/m 2 . There was greater variation in these properties between bone quadrants than between bones. Samples from the cranial and medial quadrants of both femur and radius were stiffer and had greater ultimate breaking strength than caudal or lateral samples. All samples of radius deformed more and absorbed more energy before reaching the greatest load than did samples of femur. The elastic modulus and the ultimate breaking strength of radius within any quadrant were highly correlated to specific gravity. However, at any specific gravity, caudal and lateral samples were not as strong as cranial and medial samples. Samples taken from exercised ponies, male ponies, or those fed diets containing 0.7% Ca,0.6% P or 2.7% Ca, 1.1% P tended to be stiffer and have a greater ultimate breaking strength than samples taken from unexercised ponies, females, or those fed diets containing 0.7% Ca, 1.4% P.
Interactive Analysis using PROOF in a GRID Infrastructure

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Current high energy physics experiments aim to explore new territories where new physics is expected. In order to achieve that, a huge amount of data has to be collected and analyzed. The accomplishment of these scientific projects require computing resources beyond the capabilities of a single user or group, thus the data is treated under the grid infrastructure. Despite the reduction applied to the data, the sample used in the last step of the analysis is still large. At this phase, interactivity contributes to a faster optimization of the final cuts in order to improve the results. The Parallel ROOT Facility (PROOF) is intended to speed up even further this procedure providing the user analysis results within a shorter time by simultaneously using more cores. Taking profit of the computing resources and facilities available at Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), shared between two major projects LHC-CMS Tier-2 and GRID-CSIC, we have developed a setup that integrates PROOF with SGE as local resource management system and GPFS as file system, both common to the grid infrastructure. The setup was also integrated in a similar infrastructure for the LHC-CMS Tier-3 at Universidad de Oviedo that uses Torque (PBS) as local job manager and Hadoop as file system. In addition, to ease the transition from a sequential analysis code to PROOF, an analysis framework based on the TSelector class is provided. Integrating PROOF in a cluster provides users the potential usage of thousands of cores (1,680 in the IFCA case). Performance measurements have been done showing a speed improvement closely correlated with the number of cores used.
Reconstruction of digital defects with the free proximal ulnar artery perforator flap\n

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

\n<br><strong>Background: <br></strong>\nThe aim of post-traumatic digital reconstruction is to restore form and function, allowing early rehabilitation. In the absence of feasible local options, free tissue transfer can be a versatile and reliable alternative. The aim of this study was to describe our experience with the use of the free proximal ulnar artery perforator flap (PUPF).\n\n<br><strong>\nMethods: <br></strong>\nOur prospectively maintained free flap database was inquired for patients that had undergone digital reconstructions with free PUPFs.\n\n<br><strong>\nResults: <br></strong>\nSix patients that underwent digital reconstruction were eligible. The ipsilateral forearm was donor site of choice, with all flaps based on a perforator of the ulnar artery, without the need to compromise the main vessel. A superficial vein was routinely included with the flap. No flap failures were encountered. Mean hospital stay was 5.5 days, and all patients achieved a satisfactory functional result.\n\n<br><strong>\nConclusions:<br></strong> \nThe proximal ulnar perforator free flap offers an alternative for finger reconstruction, having the advantage of including thin and hairless skin from the proximal ulnar forearm. The vascular anatomy of the ulnar perforators seems to be constant. Furthermore, donor site morbidity is low, as the ulnar artery is not harvested with the flap, the donor site defect can generally be closed directly, and the scar is well concealed.
Numerical simulation of vitamin C degradation during dehydration process of fresh tomatoes

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this study, the kinetics of vitamin C degradation is simulated by the development of a model based on the numerical approach of heat and mass transfer processes and the degradation rate of vitamin C during the dehydration of tomato slices at 45, 60, and 75°C. The results achieved by experimental data were consistent with those obtained by the numerical model ( R 2 > 0.88 and RMSE < 0.27). So, it is concluded that the rate of vitamin C degradation was increased at the beginning of the dehydration process when the temperature of the inner sample layers was raised and then its value decreased with the reduced moisture content at the stable temperature conditions. During the dehydration process, the highest concentrations of vitamin C were obtained at the surface layer of the tomato slice with the least moisture content and the lowest of its value was obtained at the sample center with the highest moisture content. Practical Applications Some of the essential nutrients are degraded during the dehydration process. Understanding factors effective on nutrient degradation is important to optimize the dehydration conditions to produce healthy food. Since vitamin C is an indicator for determining the health food, modeling of its degradation kinetics is an efficient method for understanding the effective factors of retaining nutritional components during the dehydration operation. In this research, a novel method developed to simulate the vitamin C degradation in different layers of a tomato slice during a thermal process. The result of this method is used to interpret the factors affecting on degradation of food component. After the dehydration process, the concentration of vitamin C at the surface node was approximately 47.9, 22.1, and 9.9% higher than its value at the center node at 45, 60, and 75°C, respectively. The effective moisture diffusivity was the most sensitive parameter in the modeling of vitamin C degradation kinetics.
Thermal stresses in furnace walls

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The thermal stresses set up in furnace walls under conditions of unsteady unilateral heating or cooling are calculated by an approximation method based on linearization of the temperature curve. Linearization enables the heated wall to be subdivided into a Zone A having a linear temperature gradient and a Zone K which is still at the original temperature. During heating or cooling, Zone A becomes steadily broader at the expense of K. Finally, the whole wall consists exclusively of Zone A. The linear temperature gradient in A would cause stress-free bending of Zone A dependent on the magnitude of the temperature gradient provided it were separate from Zone K. The thermal stresses are set up as a result of the rigid joint between A and K hindering the bending process with bending stresses sigma/sub x/ occurring in a direction perpendicular to the temperature gradient and with normal stresses sigma/sub y/ occurring parallel to the temperature gradient. With slab-shaped bodies heated from the flat surface, the Zones A and K bend jointly to a smaller amount than A would bend. In the case of oblong slender bodies heated from one end, the mechanical effects of heating are restricted to a zone on the hot end which is roughly twice as broad as Zone A because the stresses diminish toward the cold end. The quantities attributable to the shape of the body, its thermal conductivity, the heat transfer coefficient, and the depth of temperature penetration are combined to form dimensionless shape factors which facilitate the conversion of stress values from experimental setups to full-scale plant and vice versa.
Postbacterial sepsis and disseminated candidiasis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The effect of gram-negative sepsis (Escherichia coli) on the capacity of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) to phagocytize and kill Candida albicans was assessed. The PMN's from septic dogs phagocytized C. albicans as well as PMN's from non-septic dogs. The PMN's from septic dogs that phagocytized C. albicans underwent a spontaneous lysis at a much higher rate than PMN's from non-septic dogs. A functional difference in PMN's from normal and septic dogs is indicated.
Commuters' Exposure to Carbon Monoxide and Carbon Dioxide in Air-conditioned Buses in Hong Kong

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The summer in Hong Kong is hot and humid with temperatures over 30°C and relative humidity over 70%. Air-conditioned buses were first introduced in the early 1990s and have become more and more popular. Everyday, millions of passenger-trips are taken in such buses and the air quality and thermal environment in them has become a public health issue. One major source of pollution is the passengers themselves but re-entry of engine emission is also a concern. People have always complained about the thermal environment of the buses especially during rush hours saying they are stuffy, smelly and have inadequate fresh air. We measured conditions in air-conditioned buses and non air-conditioned buses, running on 12 different bus routes in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), in both urban and rural areas. Two trips were made for each route. Portable gas analysers measured carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), temperature and relative humidity. The measurements showed there was no evidence that CO and CO2 levels in the air-conditioned buses were statistically higher than in non air-conditioned buses ( p 0.05). For the rural commutes, the in-vehicle levels of CO and CO2 were not significantly higher than for urban commutes (p 0.05). The Environmental Protection Department (EPD), HKSAR had published a guidance note for airconditioned public transport facilities and most of the exposures found, including the thermal environment, were acceptable with regard to the recommendations in the note. Momentary high levels of CO2 were found, but this lasted for a short period only.
Environmental Wireless Sensor Networks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper is concerned with the application of wireless sensor network (WSN) technology to long-duration and large-scale environmental monitoring. The holy grail is a system that can be deployed and operated by domain specialists not engineers, but this remains some distance into the future. We present our views as to why this field has progressed less quickly than many envisaged it would over a decade ago. We use real examples taken from our own work in this field to illustrate the technological difficulties and challenges that are entailed in meeting end-user requirements for information gathering systems. Reliability and productivity are key concerns and influence the design choices for system hardware and software. We conclude with a discussion of long-term challenges for WSN technology in environmental monitoring and outline our vision of the future.
O5 Improving 30 day mortality after radiologically inserted gastrostomy tube in England from 2007–2019: a population based study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction

A radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG) is inserted to allow enteral nutrition when it is not feasible to insert percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube either due to technical difficulty or higher risk of complications. Data on 30-day mortality following RIG insertion is not available currently in England. The aim of this study is to examine morbidity and mortality associated with RIG insertion.

Methods

Adult patients undergoing their first RIG insertion from 2007 to 2019 were identified in the Hospital Episode Statistics database. Indications and adverse events were identified using ICD-10 codes. Nutrition support team data were available from GIRFT. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors associated with 30 day mortality following RIG insertion.

Results

15,605 patients were studied (68.0% male; age 64(IQR 56–73)). There was a steady increase in the number of RIGs inserted from per year 510 in 2007 to 1787 in 2019 and 60% were inserted as an outpatient. 63.3% of RIGs were inserted for head and neck cancer patients. Of the patients 18.7% had pneumonia within 7 days and 6.9% died within 30 days of RIG insertion. Higher 30 day mortality rates were observed in patients with Dementia (16.4%) and in NHS trusts without a nutrition support nurse (11.5%). Thirty-day mortality fell from 12.2% in 2007 to 5.8% in 2019. Factors associated with 30 day mortality included: increasing age (>81 years odd ratio 13.62(95% CI 5.0–37.3)); increasing NHS trust volume of RIG insertion >53 per year (OR 0.64(95% CI (0.46–0.88)); least deprived quintile (OR 0.81(95% CI 0.66–1.00)); RIG insertion during an emergency admission (OR 2.50(95% CI 2.16–2.90)); increasing comorbidity Charlson score >5 (OR 1.38(95% CI 1.09–1.74)); NHS trust without a nutrition support nurse (OR 1.35(95%CI 1.07–1.72)) and other neurological conditions than stroke as indication of RIG (OR 1.58(95%CI 1.26–1.98)).

Conclusion

Despite increasing RIG insertion over the study period, the 30 day mortality has fallen by 45%. of potentially modifiable factors, NHS trusts without a nutritional support nurse and trusts with a lower volume of RIG insertion were associated with higher mortality.
Mixture of experts for sequential PM10 forecasting in Normandy (France)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Within the framework of air quality monitoring in Normandy, we experiment the methods of sequential aggregation for forecasting concentrations of PM10 of the next day. Besides the field of application and the adaptation to the special context of the work of the forecaster, the main originality of this contribution is that the set of experts contains at the same time statistical models built by means of various methods and different sets of predictors, as well as experts which are deterministic chemical models of prediction modeling pollution, weather and atmosphere.
Numerical results on recent data from April 2013 until March 2014, on three monitoring stations, illustrate and compare various methods of aggregation. The obtained results show that such a strategy improves clearly the performances of the best expert both in errors and in alerts and reaches an unbiased observed-forecasted scatterplot, difficult to obtain by usual methods.
Wireless video communications over lossy channels

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Wireless video communications are a growing segment of communications in both commercial and defense domains. Due to its lossy nature, it requires a powerful error correction mechanism. In the commercial domain, ever more people watch videos on portable wireless devices, while in defense domains, surveillance assets grow rapidly to provide real-time motion imagery intelligence. In both domains, the transmission of high-quality video is of vital importance, and a variety of both source and channel codecs have been developed, separately for each domain, and application. In this paper, we outline an effort to explore the space of video codecs, channel codecs, channel models, and error concealment methods, in an attempt to find the best practices within this large search space. Among source codecs, we focus attention on the two most common video codecs in use: H.264/AVC, and H.265/HEVC. We perform simulations of an additive white gaussian noise channel model with stressfully low signal-to-noise ratios and use powerful Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) and Polar codes to correct errors. While some earlier studies had suggested that H.264 might in fact be more suitable for video communications in a lossy environment, our preliminary results appear to suggest that H.265 may actually be better, provided we use powerful error correction.