jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of stimulus duration on foveal crowding using visual acuity letters.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Previously we reported fixed foveal zones of contour interaction/crowding of up to 4 arcmin for luminance-modulated Cs, 12 arcmin for contrast-modulated Cs and 4 arcmin for luminance letters (Waugh et al, VSS 2012; Hairol et al, 2013; Siderov et al, 2013). These zones remain constant in extent for different target contrasts and retinal illuminances, despite a wide range of letter sizes used to generate constant isolated-letter performance. In this study, we investigate the effects of stimulus exposure duration on foveal crowding zones for letter acuity. In the periphery, crowding zones increase in size for briefly presented stimuli (Tripathy et al, 2002 and VSS2013). High contrast letters (H O T V) were presented at sizes that generated 80-90% performance level when isolated. Stimulus duration (800, 400, 200, 100, 50 and 25ms) and flanker type (box, bars and letters L A U C) were varied systematically in blocks. Within an experimental run, one of 10 flanker separations (0-10 arcmin), including the isolated condition, was randomly presented using a Method of Constant Stimuli, and performance monitored. The measured crowding function is dependent on flanker type (p<0.05) and stimulus duration (p<0.05), with the box showing weaker overall crowding. On average, at 25ms, the crowding function is shallower and broader than at longer durations. The spatial extent for which performance for a crowded letter is statistically different from an isolated letter, changes from 3-4 arcmin for longer durations (200-800ms), to 8 arcmin at the shortest duration of 25ms; with fitted (Gaussian) extents of 2.5 to 6 arcmin. Weaker crowding by the box may reflect a fast grouping process. Temporal changes in crowding at the fovea are similar to those reported in the periphery, indicating that contributions at short durations to the crowding function engage larger underlying mechanisms. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2014
Colette for Export Only

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Cette etude, centree sur Le pur et l'impur de Colette, analyse les positions de l'ecrivain par rapport a la question du lesbianisme. L'A. s'interesse a la presence du desir et des pratiques lesbiennes dans l'oeuvre et la vie de Colette, puis se penche plus specialement sur la lecture qu'elle fait du lesbianisme tel que le concoit Proust
All-trans retinoic acid therapy in relapsed/refractory or newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in Japan.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We have conducted four prospective multicenter studies for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) using oral 45 mg/m2 all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) daily. The first three studies were for relapsed/refractory APL, and the fourth study for newly diagnosed APL. In the first study with ATRA alone, 18 (82%) of 22 evaluable patients achieved complete remission (CR). Initial peripheral leukemia cell counts were significantly less in the CR cases (p < 0.01); < 100/microliters in 17 of 18 CR cases, and > or = 200/microliters in all failure cases. In the second study, if initial leukemia cell counts were more than 200/microliters, chemotherapy with daunorubicin and behenoyl cytarabine was first given, and then ATRA was started. Of 42 evaluable patients, 36 (86%) achieved CR. In the third study, if initial leukemia cell counts were more than 200/microliters, chemotherapy was concomitantly given with ATRA, and if during the ATRA therapy leukemia cell counts became more than 1000/microliters, chemotherapy was added. Of 46 evaluable patients, 36 (78%) achieved CR. Patients achieving CR received standard consolidation and maintenance chemotherapy, and the 29-month predicted disease-free survival (DFS) rate is 72% for 41 cases achieving their first CR with ATRA, and 20% for 49 cases achieving their second CR with ATRA. In the fourth study for newly diagnosed APL, if leukocyte counts were more than 3000/microliters, chemotherapy was concomitantly given with ATRA, and if during the ATRA therapy leukemia cell counts became more than 1000/microliters, chemotherapy was added. Of 109 evaluable patients, 97 (89%) achieved CR, and the 19-month predicted event-free survival rate for all patients is 78%, and the DFS rate is 88% for 97 cases achieving CR. ATRA produces a high CR rate in both relapsed/refractory and newly diagnosed APL, and should be incorporated in the first-line therapy of this disease.
No Enhancement of Nuclear Entry by Direct Conjugation of a Nuclear Localization Signal Peptide to Linearized DNA

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Efficient nuclear entry of exogenous DNA is one of the key factors toward gene therapy success with nonviral vectors. To re-address the effects of a nuclear localization signal (NLS) peptide attached directly to DNA, we prepared three dumbbell-shaped, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-encoding DNAs containing one or two NLS peptides. The peptide was conjugated to the loop-forming oligodeoxyribonucleotides by cross-linking reactions between the peptide and a modified uracil base with a dioxaoctylamino linker, and the oligonucleotides were then ligated to the DNA molecules. The NLS-conjugated DNA dumbbells were microinjected into the cytosols and nuclei of simian COS-7 cells. In addition, unconjugated DNA dumbbells, with or without a modified uracil base, were also examined for comparison. The GFP gene was expressed with efficiencies in the order of the unmodified DNA >or= the NLS-conjugated DNA > the unconjugated DNA with the base modification, with both cytosolic and intranuclear microinjections. Thus, we concluded that (i) one or two NLS peptide(s) did not dramatically improve the nuclear entry of DNA and that (ii) chemical modification of DNA reduced the transcription efficiency or stability in the nucleus.
Public Goods Games, Altruism, and Evolution

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract I analyze the evolution of altruistic preferences in a population where individuals are matched pairwise to play a one‐shot public goods game. I determine the evolutionarily stable degree of altruism, allowing for assortative matching. The stable degree of altruism is strictly smaller than the degree of assortativity. In particular, if matching is completely random, spite is stable, and a positive degree of assortativity is necessary for pure selfishness to be stable. Furthermore, the stable degree of altruism is increasing in the degree of assortativity, and it depends on the specifics of the public goods game.
Properties of a potassium channel in cultured human gastric cells (HGT-1) possessing specific omeprazole binding sites.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The HGT-1 human gastric cell line is similar to acid secreting parietal cells in that it possesses H2 receptors, histamine sensitive adenyl cyclase, and Cl- channels, which are activated by histamine by a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) dependent mechanism. To discover if HGT-1 cells have additional properties found in parietal cells, [3H]omeprazole and patch clamp recording techniques were used to evaluate specific omeprazole binding sites and K+ channels in the plasma membrane. HGT-1 cells exhibited [3H]omeprazole binding in the non-stimulated state, which increased 100% in the presence of 1 mM histamine. High conductance (about 155 pS) K+ channels were active spontaneously in 17% of cell attached or excised inside out patches in non-stimulated subconfluent HGT-1 cells. In inside out patches, channel activity increased fivefold during depolarisation, ion substitution experiments confirmed that the channels were highly selective for K+, and channel activity was almost abolished by removal of Ca2+ or addition of 5 mM Ba2+. In quiescent cell attached patches, 0.1 mM dibutyryl cAMP failed to activate K+ channels. In contrast, 6.7 microM A23187 (a Ca2+ ionophore) increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration from mean (SEM) 14 (3) nM to 248 (30) nM and activated K+ channels in 21% of patches. It is concluded that the plasma membrane of HGT-1 cells possesses (a) specific 3H-omeprazole binding sites, which may reflect the omeprazole sensitive H+,K(+)-ATPase present in gastric parietal cells; and (b) Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels, which may be located in the basolateral membrane of human gastric parietal cells and play a part in acid secretion triggered by Ca(2+)-mediated secretory agonists.
Detection of NDM-1 Metallo-β-Lactamase Genes in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa from Clinical Surveillance Sample: A Case Report and Literature Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Jeonghyun Chang, Sollip Kim, Yee Gyung Kwak, Tae Hyun Um, Chong Rae Cho, Hyung Koo Kang, Je Eun Song. Korean J healthc assoc Infect Control Prev 2021;26:129-33. https://doi.org/10.14192/kjicp.2021.26.2.129
Peripheral convexal subarachnoid haemorrhage: A diagnostic approach to imaging

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Poster: ECR 2018 / C-0765 / Peripheral convexal subarachnoid haemorrhage: A diagnostic approach to imaging by: A. Roche 1, A. O'Hare1, P. Brennan1, J. Thornton1, S. Power1, S. Looby2; 1Dublin/IE, 2Dublin /IE
INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT OF DONETSK ECONOMIC REGION: INNOVATION, TRANSPORT, TOURISM

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Objective. The objective of the present article is to calculate the integrated indicator of infrastruc­tural development of the Donetsk region according to the state of innovation, transport and tourism infrastructure. Methods. The theoretical basis of the study are the achievements of foreign and domestic scientists in approaches and methods of integrated assessment. To achieve this goal, the following research methods were used: standardization method (rationing) — to bring the original data to a single format; method of taxonomy for a comprehensive analysis of indicators of infrastructural development of the study region and the calcula­tion of the integrated indicator; graphical and construction of analytical tables — to visualize the results of the study. Results. It is established that according to the results of 2019, Donetsk region is one of the problem regions in terms of tourism infrastructure. Luhansk region is significantly inferior to the regions of Ukraine in all areas, as evidenced by integrated indicators. The results of the calculations suggest that Donetsk region belongs to the category of problematic, as the complex indicator of the infrastructure of competitive advantages does not exceed 0.5 and ranges from 0.35 to 0.44 points, but there is a tendency to increase. The infrastructure of Luhansk oblast is the worst among the oblasts of Ukraine and is steadily deteriorating. In further research it is expedient to form a model of the infrastructure of competitive advantages of the Donetsk economic region.
Heat shock response inActinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The heat shock response in Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, a capnophilic Gram-negative bacterial species that is implicated in the development of certain forms of periodontitis, was characterized. Different strains of A. actinomycetemcomitans were grown at 37, 42 and 48 degrees C in the presence of 35S-methionine. The bacterial cells were lysed, run on SDS-PAGE and subsequently blotted on nitrocellulose paper. After autoradiography of the blots, several protein bands from the cultures at 42 degrees C showed an increased intensity; major bands were observed at 90, 70, and 60 kDa, but increased protein synthesis was also detected at 54, 28 and 17 kDa. Nitrocellulose blots were also incubated with a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies directed to epitopes on different heat shock proteins. Strong reactivity was found with several antibodies at the position corresponding to a molecular mass of 60 kDa. The protein is probably the GroEL homologue in A. actinomycetemcomitans, a member of the 'common bacterial antigen' family.
Discovery of Potent\nIrreversible Pan-Fibroblast Growth\nFactor Receptor (FGFR) Inhibitors

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Fibroblast\ngrowth factor receptors (FGFR1–4) are promising\ntherapeutic targets in many cancers. With the resurgence of interest\nin irreversible inhibitors, efforts have been directed to the discovery\nof irreversible FGFR inhibitors. Currently, several selective irreversible\ninhibitors are being evaluated in clinical trials that could covalently\ntarget a conserved cysteine in the P-loop of FGFR. In this article,\nwe used a structure-guided approach that is rationalized by a computer-aided\nsimulation to discover the novel and irreversible pan-FGFR inhibitor, <b>9g</b>, which provided superior FGFR in vitro activities and decent\nselectivity over VEGFR2 (vascular endothelia growth factor receptor\n2). In in vivo studies, <b>9g</b> displayed clear antitumor\nactivities in NCI-H1581 and SNU-16 xenograft mice models. Additionally,\nthe diluting method confirmed the irreversible binding of <b>9g</b> to FGFR.
A Compared Cohort History of Residential Mobility, Social Change and Home-ownership in Paris and the Rest of France

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The joint analysis of two INED longitudinal surveys, one based on a national sample and the other on a sample of Parisians, presents a reconstruction of the residential history of a cohort born between 1926 and 1935 and an evaluation of the role of the Paris region in the migration patterns of these generations. The first part of the paper advocates the advantages offered by such longitudinal data which nevertheless presents the researcher with new challenges. For those French generations born between the two world wars, the beginnings in the post-war housing crisis were difficult. A comparison of the social as well as the residential histories of individuals confirms the close link between geographical and social mobility. The analysis of the social origin and the occupational characteristics of individuals in these categories exhibits the high social mobility in the Paris region which favours dynasties of professionals and provides better opportunities for the other occupations. The Paris region appears as the ideal location to improve one's chances of social advancement. Another characteristic of the post-1950s housing transformation is the diffusion of home-ownership. This affected provincials and Parisians in different ways, both of which are closely examined.
STUDI OPTIMALISASI RUANG PARKIR JL. PONDOK KOTA PADANG

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Based on the local regulation of the city of Padang, regarding parking according to the regional regulation of the driver No. 10 of 2014 concerning the retribution for special parking spaces, articles 1 paragraphs 10 and 12. If there is a need for parking that exceeds the capacity of the existing parking area, arrange parking so as not to interfere with traffic flow. The location of this parking lot is in the Pondok Kota Padang area, the number of domestic or domestic tourists visiting West Sumatra is 7 percent or 7.8 million people based on data from the West Sumatra tourism office. The research method used in this study is to use quantitative and qualitative data, which were surveyed visually. Based on the results of the study, the percentage of parking space for four-wheeled vehicles on Jalan Pondok on Saturdays and Sundays exceeds 100%. For two-wheeled vehicles on Jalan Pondok from Monday to Sunday it does not exceed 100%. Due to the dominance of four-wheeled vehicles parked around Jalan Pondok, from the direction of the cottage road to the intersection of the Tugu Adi Karya bakti praja there are problems that occur in the field, it is found that there is a shortage of parking areas seen from field reviews, it can be concluded that the parking area needs expansion to overcome the excess parking index. to accommodate vehicles parked around the cottage road, in order to overcome this problem the city government of the city of Padang and its staff should directly review the area because the road expansion permit is directly related to the DLLAJ (Road Transport Traffic Service) or the Department of Transportation. With additional parking or extensions, parking widening, all problems on the cottage road can be resolved properly. Keywords: Retribusi, Parking, Parking lot, Optimalisasi
Die theologischen Prämissen des interreligiösen Dialogs und der gegenseitigen Toleranz zwischen Islam und Christentum

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The fundamental condition of the Christian-Islamic dialogue and of mutual tolerance represents the triumph over the exclusive fundamentalism that, in the Christian religion, found expression in an axiom accepted for centuries – that of extra ecclesiam nulla salus (outside the Church there is no salvation). The fundamentalist-exclusive interpretation of the Koran dogma extra islam nulla salus, still compulsory today, precludes any form of dialogue with and tolerance of people of other faiths. This is not because such an interpretation views Islam as the one true religion – every religion is entitled to this ex natura rei – but rather because it degrades Christians as devotees of polytheism, and thus as “infidels”, whereby they are definitively discredited as partners for dialogue and tolerance.
Characterization of fetal heart rate using approximate entropy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Approximate entropy (ApEn) is an interesting measure for assessing the irregularity of time series and in particular for characterizing heart rate variability. In the present paper we apply ApEn to the characterization of three patterns of fetal heart rate (FHR); calm sleep; calm vigilance; pathological flat-sinusoidal condition. We conclude that ApEn can perfectly discriminate the pathological FS pattern from the normal A and C patterns and is far better for FHR pattern discrimination than classic time-domain variability indexes used in clinical practice
Association between obesity‐related gene FTO and ADHD

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an etiologically complex heterogeneous behavioral disorder. Several studies have reported that ADHD subjects are more likely to be overweight/obese and that this comorbidity may be due to shared genetic factors. The objective of this study is to explore the association between ADHD and FTO , a gene strongly associated with obesity in genome‐wide studies. Design and Methods One tag SNP (single‐nucleotide polymorphism, rs8050136 , risk allele A) in the FTO gene was selected and its association with ADHD was tested. Family‐based association tests (FBATs) were conducted with the categorical diagnosis of ADHD as well as behavioral and cognitive phenotypes related to ADHD. Furthermore, stratified FBAT analyses based on maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) status were conducted. Results Statistically significant associations were observed between rs8050136 and several of the traits tested in the total sample. These associations were stronger when the analysis was restricted to children who were not exposed to MSDP. Conclusions These exploratory results suggest the involvement of the FTO SNP rs8050136 in modulating the risk for ADHD, particularly in those children who were not exposed to MSDP. If confirmed, they may explain, at least in part, the complex links between obesity and ADHD.
Complex-valued Retrievals From Noisy Images Using Diffusion Models

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In diverse microscopy modalities, sensors measure only real-valued intensities. Additionally, the sensor readouts are affected by Poissonian-distributed photon noise. Traditional restoration algorithms typically aim to minimize the mean squared error (MSE) between the original and recovered images. This often leads to blurry outcomes with poor perceptual quality. Recently, deep diffusion models (DDMs) have proven to be highly capable of sampling images from the a-posteriori probability of the sought variables, resulting in visually pleasing high-quality images. These models have mostly been suggested for real-valued images suffering from Gaussian noise. In this study, we generalize annealed Langevin Dynamics, a type of DDM, to tackle the fundamental challenges in optical imaging of complex-valued objects (and real images) affected by Poisson noise. We apply our algorithm to various optical scenarios, such as Fourier Ptychography, Phase Retrieval, and Poisson denoising. Our algorithm is evaluated on simulations and biological empirical data.
Biomechanical comparisons considering risk to the lumbar spine: walking with no load, a backpack, and a person on the back

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Participants were twelve 70+ kg male strength-trained athletes and one passenger child with a mass of 29 kg. The male participants walked three times over a force plate embedded in an eight metre walkway for each of three conditions: carrying no load, a 29 kg backpack, or a 29 kg passenger. Variables were compared using a repeated measures ANOVA test with a Bonferroni correction. Both load conditions produced compensatory trunk flexion; trunk flexion increased from no load to piggybacking to backpacking. Trunk range of motion was similar for no load and piggybacking, but increased to backpacking. The backpack load caused greater resultant and total magnitude of torque than the passenger load. The trunk extensors dominated with no load and piggybacking and the trunk flexors dominated with backpacking. Many of the significant differences between conditions suggest that piggybacking is biomechanically more similar to natural gait than is backpacking.
PENGARUH JENIS OPINI AUDIT, FINANCIAL DISTRESS, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, DAN PERGANTIAN KOMITE AUDIT TERHADAP VOLUNTARY AUDITOR SWITCHING

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh jenis opini audit, financial distress, ukuran perusahaan, dan pergantian komite audit terhadap voluntary auditor switching. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada periode 2015-2019 yang berjumlah 188 perusahaan. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode purposive sampling. Berdasarkan metode tersebut diperoleh ukuran sampel 75. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi logistik dengan menggunakan software SPSS versi 24. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis opini audit dan financial distress berpengaruh negatif terhadap voluntary auditor switching. Sedangkan, ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh positif terhadap voluntary auditor switching. Adapun pergantian komite audit tidak berpengaruh terhadap voluntary auditor switching.