jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Characterization of some nitrogen metabolism parameters in a genotype set of spring barley during vegetation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In the above-ground part of 12 different spring barley genotypes the phenomena were studied as follows: nitrate reductase (NR) activity, nitrate nitrogen (nN)-, ammonium nitrogen (aN)-, total nitrogen (tN)-, and soluble sugars (sS)-concentration, physiological yielding characteristics, their variability and relations during vegetation (field experiments). Significant genotypical differences in NR activity were not ascertained until in the shooting and especially in anthesis and milk ripeness. Of the parameters observed nN- and tN-concentration showed the greatest and the smallest genotypical differences during vegetation, respectively. Variability of the seasonal mean values was as follows [%]: NR activity -12.9; nN-conc. -43.7; aN-conc.-14.3; tN-conc. -7.9; sS-conc. -15.6 and dry weight of 1 plant -19.7. NR activity was in a positive correlation with nN- and tN-concentration and in a negative one with sS-eoncentration except for the period of anthesis. Similar negative correlations were noted between concentrations of sS and nN and between those of sS and tN. A positive and most significant relation was found also between N-translocation from vegetative matter to corn, N-harvest index, grain harvest index, further between grain yield, N-harvest index and grain harvest index. The results are discussed with regard to development of genotypical differences in these parameters and to possibilities of their use as selection characteristics.
Improving patient outcomes following glaucoma surgery: state of the art and future perspectives

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Tine Van Bergen,1 Sarah Van de Velde,1 Evelien Vandewalle,3 Lieve Moons,2 Ingeborg Stalmans1,31Laboratory of Ophthalmology, KU Leuven, 2Unit Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, KU Leuven, 3Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumAbstract: Of all the treatments currently used to lower intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients, filtration surgery is known to be the most effective. However, in a significant percentage of cases, the constructed channel closes due to excessive scar formation, resulting in surgical failure. The process of postoperative wound healing is characterized by the coagulative and inflammatory phase, followed by the proliferative and repair phase, and finally the remodeling phase. Perioperative antimitotic agents, such as mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil, are known to modulate the process of wound healing and to improve surgical outcome, but they carry a risk of vision-threatening complications. New alternative strategies to prevent filtration failure, such as inhibition of transforming growth factor-β, vascular endothelial growth factor, and placental growth factor, have shown promising results in the improvement of surgical success. However, it remains necessary to broaden the therapeutic approach by focusing on combined therapies and on extended drug delivery.Keywords: glaucoma filtration surgery, filtration failure, wound healing, wound modulating agents
Tolerogenic semimature dendritic cells induce effector T-cell hyporesponsiveness by the activation of antigen-specific CD4+ CD25+ T-regulatory cells.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Our findings confirm that semimature dendritic cells are an independent subgroup of dendritic cells in both immune function and morphologic profile. It may be the cytokine secretion profile of semimature dendritic cells (rather than that of surface markers) that has a key role in inducing CD4+CD25+ T-regulatory cells to express a high level of interleukin-10. Immunization with donor semimature dendritic cells may be an effective method of inducing transplant tolerance, but further evidencebased studies of that topic are necessary.
A Morphological Approach to Investigate NF-κB Nuclear Translocation Induced by Advanced Glycation End Products in Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Aim To demonstrate the activation and nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) induced by advanced glycation end products(AGEs) in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells(HDMECs),and to elucidate the roles of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in this pathological procedure.Methods HDMECs were incubated with AGEs-modified bovine serum albumin(AGE-BSA) at concentration of 100 mg/L for 1 h.As control,BSA of the same concentration was administered to HDMECs.NF-κB nuclear translocation was observed by immunofluorescent staining.Subsequently,HDMECs were pretreated with reduced glutathione(GSH),apocynin,a pharmacological inhibitor of NADPH oxidase(NOX),NOX4 siRNA or inositol requiring enzyme 1α(IRE1α) siRNA,and then administrated with AGE-BSA for 1 h.Changes of NF-κB nuclear translocation was observed.Results The results demonstrated the translocation of NF-κB from the cytoplasm to the nucleus upon the stimulation of AGE-BSA.Inhibition of reactive oxygen species generation with GSH or apocynin greatly attenuated these responses.Transfection of NOX4-small interfering RNA or IRE1α-small interfering RNA in HDMECs also significantly attenuated the AGE-induced translocation of NF-κB.Conclusion Oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress are possibly involved in the mediation of AGE-induced activation of NF-κB in endothelial cells.
Multisensory Integration in Lexical Processing: Predicting Word Recognition Through Cross-Modal Capability

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The integration of multisensory in lexical processing has garnered significant interest in cognitive linguistics and psycholinguistics. This study investigates the predictive power of cross-modal capability (CMC) on word recognition, focusing on how sensory integration influences cognitive processing and lexical decision-making. By collecting five-sense ratings for synesthetic adjectives, we computed the cross-modal capability for each word. We then conducted regression analyses to examine the relationship between these indices and reaction time in lexical decision tasks. Our findings reveal that words with higher cross-modal capabilities, as measured by CMC, are recognized and processed more quickly. This superior predictive power of CMC underscores the importance of sensory associations in lexical processing and highlights the need for comprehensive indices that account for multiple sensory inputs. These results provide deeper insights into the cognitive mechanisms underlying word recognition and processing speed, suggesting that CMC is a better independent variable for partially predict lexical cognition and recognition. This research contributes to our understanding of multisensory integration in lexical processing and has implications for models of word recognition and cognitive linguistics.
Environmental reporting in annual reports : A study of high polluting industries in Sweden

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research is an investigation into a part of one of today’s most important problems, the destruction of the environment. One might reasonably wonder how environmental destruction has anything to do with a Master’s thesis in economics, but companies active in environmentally risky businesses often release substances that are harmful or dangerous for the environment and many shareholders are paying attention and choosing their investments deliberately influenced by the company’s corporate social responsibility. In our research, the annual reports of 10 larger companies active in the Swedish market were analysed: • Boliden • LKAB • Lundin Mining • Holmen • SCA • SSAB • Sveaskog • Sandvik • West Siberian Resources • PA Resources Of these companies, all of them, with the exception of LKAB and Sveaskog, are noted on the Swedish stock exchange NGM or OMX. This Master’s thesis aims to investigate the development of environmental reports that are included in annual reports in four of the environmentally riskiest industries, the forest and logging industry, the mining industry, the metals industry and the oil industry. The main goal of this study is to investigate the development of the environmental reporting in the annual reports of the last three years. A secondary aim is to also compare environmental reporting in different industries with each other and analyse what kind of environmental tools different companies use for analysis of their environmental effect. For this research, a quantitative method was used with a positivistic viewpoint, which was a natural choice because we wanted to compare a larger number of companies in different industries. The actual investigation was an analysis of the aforementioned companies’ annual reports, where the focus was to find out to what extent environmental reporting was involved in their annual reports. The analysis was done with the help of a text analyser program called “text analyser,” this is a program which is capable of analysing large pieces of text. This research method is an uncommon method, which is currently in the developmental stages. The outcome of this research was that companies operating in environmentally risky industries have improved their environmental reporting since 2004. More frequently, companies are using environmental certification tools such as ISO and GRI. There are also some differences between the industries in which the companies operate. In the forest industry, businesses had, already in 2004, a developed environmental accounting system within their annual reports. The other industries, such as the oil and metal industries had developed quite a bit between 2004 and 2006. Table of contents
Honey Bee Pollen in Meagre (Argyrosomus regius) Juvenile Diets: Effects on Growth, Diet Digestibility, Intestinal Traits, and Biochemical Markers Related to Health and Stress

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

This research aimed to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of honey bee pollen (HBP) in meagre (Argyrosoumus regius) juveniles’ diets on growth performance, diet digestibility, intestinal morphology, and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, stress-related molecular markers and biochemical blood profile of fish were evaluated, together with mineral trace and toxic element concentration in pollen and diets. Specimens of meagre (360) of 3.34 ± 0.14 g initial body weight, were randomly allocated to twelve 500 L circular tanks (30 fish per tank). Four diets were formulated: a control diet and three experimental diets with 1%, 2.5%, and 4% of HBP inclusion. All the growth parameters and crude protein and ether extract digestibility coefficients were negatively linearly affected by increased HBP inclusion (p < 0.0001). Histology of medium intestine showed slight signs of alterations in group HPB1 and HPB2.5 compared to control. Fish from HBP4 group showed severe alterations at the intestinal mucosa level. Immunohistochemical detection of TNF-α in the medium intestine showed the presence of TNF-α+ cells in the lamina propria, which resulted in accordance with the increased level of the TNF-α protein detected by immunoblotting in the liver. This stress situation was confirmed by the increased hepatic level of HSP70 (p < 0.05) in fish fed the HBP4 diet and by the linear decrease of total serum protein levels in HBP-containing diets (p < 0.0001). These negative effects can be related to the ultrastructure of the bee pollen grain walls, which make the bioactive substances unavailable and can irritate the intestine of a carnivorous fish such as meagre.
Otorhinolaryngologic manifestations of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is caused by a microdeletion on chromosome \n22. It occurs in approximately 1:3000-6000 live births. The aim of this thesis was to give an overview of otorhinolaryngologic manifestations in 22q11DS. \n \nWe performed a systematic review describing all otologic manifestations \nreported in 22q11DS in the literature thus far. We found 21 studies describing hearing \nloss and 21 studies reporting on other otologic manifestations. The range of hearing \nloss varied greatly, from 6.0 to 60.3%. The hearing loss was mostly conductive in origin. \nRecurrent or chronic otitis media was described in 2.2 – 89.8%. In our retrospective \nstudy we included 199 patients with 22q11DS who had visited our clinic, independently of symptoms. 102 patients had received an audiogram. 38% of ears had hearing loss, 94% of the ears with hearing loss were conductive in nature, and 4% were found to be mixed hearing losses. At time of most recent audiogram, 22,5% had a concomitant otitis media with effusion. 61% of patients had a history of tympanic membrane tube placement. 10% of patients used conventional hearing aids or a bone conduction device. We found no relation \nbetween age and hearing thresholds or otitis media. In addition, we analyzed radiologic images of the mastoid bones of 26 patients with 22q11DS. A dense stapes superstructure was present in 36% of ears, an incomplete partition type II of the cochlea in 23% of ears, a malformed lateral semicircular canal with a small bony island in 33% of ears and fusing of the lateral semicircular canal and vestibule to a single cavity in 29% of ears. In addition, the lateral semicircular canal is an important landmark for identifying the facial nerve during mastoid surgery. To avoid iatrogenic facial nerve damage otologic surgeons should be aware of this anomaly, perform a CT scan prior to surgery and use facial nerve monitoring during surgery in patients with 22q11DS. \n \nNext, we performed a questionnaire study on vestibular symptoms. We found that children with 22q11DS experienced balance difficulties more often and were older when they started walking compared to children in the control group. Dizziness seemed not to be more frequently reported in children with 22q11DS. \n \nFurthermore, we described 14 patients with 22q11DS and an airway malformation. We \nconcluded that different types of airway malformations (choanal stenosis, pharyngo-, laryngo-, tracheo-, and/or bronchomalacie, tracheal stenosis, laryngeal web, laryngeal cleft, subglottic stenosis) can be present in 22q11DS. In five patients a vascular structure compressed the airway causing an airway malacia. There were three patients who required a tracheostomy. Clinicians should be aware of airway malformations in 22q11DS, and start early treatment if necessary. In addition, the diagnosis 22q11DS should be considered in patients with an (or more than one) airway anomaly.
Deformation of viscoelastic droplet in an electric field. 2. Aqueous poly(acrylamide) solution in poly(dimethylsiloxane)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeformation of viscoelastic droplet in an electric field. 2. Aqueous poly(acrylamide) solution in poly(dimethylsiloxane)Keiichiro Adachi, Miyuki Tanaka, and Tadao KotakaCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 6, 1287–1292Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/la00054a044RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (541 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A genetic analysis of 305-day yield in second lactation in Red Danish cattle and Black Pied Danish cattle

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY The material for the present investigation included approximately 4000 cows in 50 progeny groups from the dual-purpose breeds Red Danish cattle and Black Pied Danish cattle. The main objective was to investigate production in 305 days of second lactation. The characteristics studied were milk yield, butterfat yield and fat content. Analyses of the influence of the four environmental factors, herd average, age at calving, calving interval and calving season, were carried out using least squares. It was shown that age at calving, calving interval and calving season had a curvilinear effect on the yield traits. Herd average yield had a strong linear effect on the yield traits. The reduction in the phenotypic variance due to regression of yield on environmental factors was about 35% for milk and butterfat, and about 18% for fat content. Heritabilities for yield traits in second lactation as well as phenotypic and genetic correlations between the yield traits in first and second lactation were presented. The coefficients of repeatability for milk and butterfat yield diminished from 0·5 to 0·3 when the data were corrected for the environmental factors.
G0400-2-3 Evaluation of Transverse Crack Initiation in Cross-ply CFRP Laminates under Fatigue Loading

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The initiation of a transverse crack in CFRP laminates under fatigue loading was investigated. Transverse cracks cause serious damage, such as delamination or fiber breakage. It is essential to understand the mechanism of the transverse crack onset for improving long-term durability and reliability of CFRP laminates. Therefore, a method to evaluate and predict the initiation of a transverse crack in cross-ply CFRP laminates under fatigue loading was researched. Fatigue tests at the various stress levels were performed in order to evaluate the initiation and propagation of the transverse cracks. The analytical method on the basis of Paris law in order to predict the number of cycles of transverse crack initiation was proposed. As the results, we were successful in predicting the initiation of the transverse crack under fatigue loadings by the proposed analysis.
Candidate Tidal Disruption Event AT2019fdr Coincident with a High-Energy Neutrino

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The origins of the high-energy cosmic neutrino flux remain largely unknown. Recently, one high-energy neutrino was associated with a tidal disruption event (TDE). Here we present AT2019fdr, an exceptionally luminous TDE candidate, coincident with another high-energy neutrino. Our observations, including a bright dust echo and soft late-time X-ray emission, further support a TDE origin of this flare. The probability of finding two such bright events by chance is just 0.034%. We evaluate several models for neutrino production and show that AT2019fdr is capable of producing the observed high-energy neutrino, reinforcing the case for TDEs as neutrino sources.
Controlling: An Islamic Perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Management practitioners can learn the concept of controlling from divine messages. The basis for control is the same irrespective of the type of control, i.e., internal or external, business and personal control, social or non social control. In this paper an effort has been taken to show the fundamental divine views with regard to management function controlling. Distinctions have been presented between controlling through God fearing perception and controlling through technology. This paper will show the ways to think about divine views as well control model practiced by leaders of the golden era of Islam.
ICT mediated gamification in education degrees: A commitment to sustainability

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research explores the perception of university students of Degrees in Education towards gamification mediated by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) as an innovative teaching strategy, aligned with the principles of educational quality of the UN Agenda 2030. A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional and inferential research has been carried out, based on the survey technique. The research was carried out using the population of students in the first year of the Degrees in Early Childhood, Primary and Social Education at the University of Jaén during the 2022-23 academic year (n=521). A questionnaire was used as a research tool. The data collected were analyzed using the SPSS programme, carrying out descriptive statistical analysis, comparison of means and regression analysis. The results reflect a positive receptiveness on the part of the students towards ICT-supported gamification, considering it fun and dynamic. This strategy is widely known by students, which favors its implementation in the university environment. Specifically, quiz games and classroom management games stand out as the best-known ICT-supported gamification strategies. However, students of the Degree in Primary Education show greater knowledge compared to those of Pre-school Education; likewise, those who plan to use gamification in their future professional practice express more favourable evaluations. Gamification is considered an active and innovative methodology being a key element for quality improvement in Higher Education.