jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Determination of Plastic Anisotropy of Extruded 7075 Aluminum Alloy Thick Plate for Simulation of Post-Extrusion Forming

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, the plastic anisotropy distribution of an extruded 7075 aluminum alloy thick plate was evaluated through small-cube compression tests. The extruded plate with a thickness of 15 mm was divided into five layers in order to verify the difference in plastic anisotropy along the thickness direction of the extruded thick plate. Small-cube specimens with a side length of 1 mm were extracted from each layer and subjected to compression tests in each direction to evaluate the directional r-values of the extruded material. The r-values were applied to Hill’s quadratic yield criterion to calculate the six coefficients for each layer. To consider the plastic anisotropy in the thickness direction, a finite element model divided into five layers in the thickness direction was applied. Upsetting tests were conducted to verify the accuracy of the finite element analysis using cube specimens with a side length of 15 and 10.6 mm, and the results of the finite element analysis and the upsetting test were compared and analyzed against each other. Consequently, the finite element analyses were precisely simulated the upsetting test results.
Collision detection for 3D rigid body motion planning with narrow passages

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In sampling-based 3D rigid body motion planning one of the major subroutines is collision detection. Especially for problems with narrow passages many samples have to be checked by a collision detection algorithm. In this application, the runtime of the motion planning algorithm is dominated by collision detection and the samples have the very specific characteristic that many of them are in collision and have small penetration volumes. In our work, we introduce a data structure and an algorithm that makes use of this characteristic by combining well-known data structures like a distance field and an octree with the swap algorithm by Llanas et al. For 3D rigid body motion planning with narrow passages, our approach achieves a speedup of up to 5.0 compared to well-established collision detection libraries like the Proximity Query Package (PQP) and the Flexible Collision Library (FCL).
National Reconciliation, Transnational Justice, and the International Criminal Court

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Universal jurisdiction and the existence of an International Criminal Court (ICC) under the Rome Statute provide a framework through which true reconciliation can be achieved simultaneously with truth and justice. The ICC and universal jurisdiction can be viewed as laying out objective limits on the power of domestic and international actors to seek peace at any cost. This paper argues that those objective limits are not necessarily inimical to a just peace, nor are an undue burden on peacemakers. On the contrary, they can set parameters whereby a just and lasting peace can be differentiated from impunity achieved through blackmail. The first step is to take a hard look at whether international standards of accountability for gross abuses have been met. At the same time, the examination of any specific scheme of domestic accountability cannot be done on a blanket basis. It will require a close look at conditions prevailing in the country, both at the time the scheme was adopted and later; at the policies adopted and how they were meant to advance the process of national reconciliation; at who adopted those measures and how; and at concrete applications of the scheme to individual cases. Even applying this exacting standard, there will be cases in which the best course of action for the ICC and for third country courts will be to defer to the greater wisdom of local actors operating in good faith, and to decline to prosecute.
The copper chaperone Atox1.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>Cartoon model of Atox1 made in Ccp94 using PDB 1TL4 <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0070473#pone.0070473-Anastassopoulou1" target="_blank">[16]</a>. Stick residues are the two cysteines (Cys12 and Cys15) in the Cu-binding site, the 3:rd cysteine in the protein (Cys41) and methionine (Met10) in the conserved MxCxxC motif.</p>
Formation of macromolecules in wheat gluten/starch mixtures during twin‐screw extrusion: effect of different additives

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract BACKGROUND Wheat gluten comprises a good quality and inexpensive vegetable protein with an ideal amino acid composition. To expand the potential application of wheat gluten in the food industry, the effect of different additives on the physicochemical and structural properties of wheat gluten/starch mixtures during twin‐screw extrusion was investigated. RESULTS Macromolecules were observed to form in wheat gluten/starch mixtures during twin‐screw extrusion, which may be attributed to the formation of new disulfide bonds and non‐covalent interactions, as well as Maillard reaction products. Additionally, the water retention capacity and in vitro protein digestibility of all extruded wheat gluten/starch products significantly increased, whereas the nitrogen solubility index and free sulfhydryl group ( SH ) content decreased, during twin‐screw extrusion. Secondary structural analysis showed that α ‐helices disappeared with the concomitant increase of antiparallel β ‐sheets, demonstrating the occurrence of protein aggregation. Microstructures suggested that the irregular wheat gluten granular structure was disrupted, with additive addition favoring transformation into a more layered or fibrous structure during twin‐screw extrusion. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study demonstrate that extrusion might affect the texture and quality of extruded wheat gluten‐based foods and suggest that this process might serve as a basis for the high‐value application of wheat gluten products. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Survey on the immediate economical burden of hospitalization of the rural population with hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Eshan,Yuxi,2009-2011

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective To survey on the immediate economical burden of the rural population among the inpatients of the hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) cases,and evaluate the effectiveness of hospitalization compensation policy of rural residents for the HFMD in Eshan county,Yuxi,Yunnan,2009-2011.Method We analysed the expenses and compensation of hospitalization,and estimated the immediate economical burden.Results From 2009 to 2011,there were 1 073 cases of the HFMD.The total immediate economical burden of hospitalization was 871 505.7 yuan,and the actual median proportion of compensation was 39.6(36.1,43.2)%.The immediate economical burden of hospitalization was 638.0(558.4,759.4) yuan/person,and had increase with years (P0.001).In the level of county hospital,the actual median proportion of compensation was more than in province and municipal hospital(P0.05).Conclusions The new rural cooperative medical policy had reduced the economical burden of rural residents for the HFMD,but the trends were not decreasing in the recently years.So we should give more attention about the economical burden of serious illness of the HFMD.
SDR-based Psuedo-Doppler AoA Estimation for Low Duty Cycle Transmitters

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Pseudo-Doppler (PD) is a powerful technique for Angle of Arrival (AoA) estimation for single-channel systems. In the application of collared animal tracking considered within, the VHF transmitting beacon is enabled for a very low duty cycle such as 2 percent. This low duty cycle presents several unique design challenges that are addressed in the revised PD algorithm. PD is then implemented using the LimeMini-SDR for a four-element antenna array. The resulting system delivers accurate AoA estimates for duty cycles approaching 1 percent.
Study on Flow Fields of Boundary-Layer Separation and Hydraulic Jump during Rundown Motion of Shoaling Solitary Wave

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The characteristics of flow fields for a complete evolution of the non-breaking solitary wave, having a wave-height to water-depth ratio of 0.363 and propagating over a 1:5 sloping bottom, are investigated experimentally. This study mainly focuses on the occurrences of both flow separation on the boundary layer under an adverse pressure gradient and subsequent hydraulic jump with the abrupt rising of free surface during rundown motion of the shoaling wave, together with emphasis on the evolution of vortex structures underlying the separated shear layer and hydraulic jump. A flow visualization technique with particle trajectory method and a high-speed particle image velocimetry (HSPIV) system with a high-speed digital camera were used. Based on the instantaneous flow images visualized and/or the ensemble-averaged velocity fields measured, the following interesting features, which are unknown up-to-date, are presented and discussed in this study: (1) Flow bifurcation occurring on both offshore and onshore sides of the explicit demarcation curve and the stagnation point during runup motion; (2) The dependence of the diffuser-like flow field, being changed from the supercritical flow in the shallower region to the subcritical flow in the deeper counterpart, on the Froude number during the early and middle stages of rundown motion; (3) The positions and times for the occurrences of the incipient flow separation and the sudden rising of free surface of the hydraulic jump; (4) The associated movement and evolution of vortex structures under the separated shear layer, the hydraulic jump and/or the high-speed external main stream of the retreated flow; and (5) The entrainment of air bubbles from the free surface into the external main stream of the retreated flow.
Spatial and Social Effects of Infrastructural Integration in the Case of the Polish Borders

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The boundaries of contemporary Poland constitute a convenient subject of study of the mutual relations between the existence of political formal-legal borders, the development of infrastructure and the intensity of international (i.e. trans-border) socio-economic interactions. The subject is convenient as a result of the historical conditions and spatial instability of political boundaries. These factors were characteristic throughout the twentieth century, especially following the development of basic transport infrastructure. In the 1930s, R. Hartshorne, inspired by the changes that had occurred on the political map of Europe after World War I, proposed the classification of boundaries as either antecedent (i.e. preceding spatial development) or subsequent (i.e. secondary to such forms, see Hartshorne, 1936) boundaries. In the former case, trans-border connections developed more slowly than internal interactions within the neighbouring countries; the development of internal core areas dominated in autarchic economies. In the latter case, the already-established networks were cut across (e.g. in post-war Germany or the British Indies). During the interwar period, the newly-established and, therefore, subsequent Polish-German border in Silesia was the subject of a detailed study conducted by Hartshorne.
Determination of micro amounts of phosphorus with Malachite Green using a filtration–dissolution preconcentration method and flow injection–spectrophotometric detection

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of micro-amounts of phosphorus existing as orthophosphate is proposed. The method is based on a filtration–dissolution preconcentration and flow injection with spectrophotometric detection. In an acidic medium orthophosphate reacts with molybdate to form molybdophosphate, which then reacts with a cationic dye, Malachite Green (MG), to form a coloured ion associate. The ion associate is filtered through a membrane filter (cellulose nitrate; pore size 1.0 µm, diameter 9 mm), then dissolved together with the membrane filter in methyl Cellosolve and their absorbance measured at 627 nm with a flow injection system equipped with an autosampler. For the filtration of the ion associate, a filtration apparatus was designed. The laboratory-made filter holders were made of poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) and poly(tetrafluoroethylene)(PTFE) and were equipped with a 50 cm3 separating funnel. The filter holders were connected to an aspirator. For the measurement of absorbances of the methyl Cellosolve solutions, a flow injection system was assembled by using a double-plunger micropump, an autosampler, spectrophotometric detector with a 10 mm flow-through cell and a recorder. All of the flow lines were made of 0.5 mm i.d. PTFE tubing. The calibration graph was linear up to 18 ng cm–3 of phosphorus using a 10 cm–3 sample, and the limit of detection was 60 ppt of phosphorus. Using the proposed method, phosphorus in sea-water was determined.
Framing, stance, and affect in Korean metalinguistic discourse

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Studies on language and affect have identified displays of emotions and feelings as important means through which speakers negotiate their social relations and cultural positions. Extending the findings of those studies, this paper discusses how affect must be seen as an important building block for framing, a resource that allows participants to construct frames that have specific grounding in identifiable social meaning. I make this point by illustrating how interactional management of affect contributes to the constitution of frames via the work of stancetaking, based on a discussion of several examples from a specific discursive context - Koreans’ metalinguistic talk about English. While Koreans are commonly known to show much ‘anxiety’ or ‘uneasiness’ about their own English language skills, I demonstrate that such display of affect may be understood as part of an interactional frame for speaking (about) English that allows speakers to position themselves in relation to English and to each other in a culturally and socially appropriate way. The analysis shows that the semiotic resources that speakers employ in their affective displays allow participants to negotiate specific stances that they should take, and to jointly construct a frame for interpreting the interactional import of the ongoing talk.
Regarding a Letter to a Dying Friend

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ad Libitum19 February 2019Regarding a Letter to a Dying FriendLawrence J. Hergott, MDLawrence J. Hergott, MDCenter for Bioethics and Humanities, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado (L.J.H.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M18-2537 Audio Reading - “Regarding a Letter to a Dying Friend” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Regarding a Letter to a Dying Friend," by L.J. Hergott. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Through long hours and too many deaths,this I have learned:every word counts now.Your friend spends his daysconsumed by the news.He needs you.Choose your words thoughtfully,and not about you.Write nothing that derailsor otherwise impairsthe one with little time left.Write something soon that kindlesyour bond.Thank him for enriching your life,and for his many affectionscompelling you to write to him.Tell him of your heavy sadnessto learn that the tumor had spread,that the agonizing treatments had failed.Manifest respect,and concern,never pity.Tell him how moved you areby his courage.Emphasize the obvious in him-no surprise-an unremitting sense ofstrength,and grace.... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Center for Bioethics and Humanities, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado (L.J.H.)Current Author Address: Lawrence J. Hergott, MD; e-mail, [email protected]net. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Regarding a Letter to a Dying Friend” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Regarding a Letter to a Dying Friend," by L.J. Hergott. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 February 2019Volume 170, Issue 4Page: 274KeywordsMemory ePublished: 19 February 2019 Issue Published: 19 February 2019 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2019 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Cardioprotective role of S-nitrosylated hemoglobin from rbc

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent mediator of blood vessel dilation and is released by several cell sources. Red blood cells (rbc) release NO when hemoglobin that has been S-nitrosylated at Cys93 of the β-chain (βCys93) transitions from the oxygenated form to the deoxygenated form. This transition occurs in response to reduced tissue oxygenation and is an important physiologic regulator of hypoxic vasodilation. In this issue of the JCI, Zhang and colleagues demonstrate that S-nitrosylation of hemoglobin at βCys93 is important for tissue oxygenation after cardiac injury. Mice harboring mutations that prevent S-nitrosylation of βCys93 had higher rates of morbidity and mortality following cardiac injury compared with WT; however, adaptive cardiac vascularization was increased in some mutant mice and reduced cardiac injury in these animals. The results of this study reveal a previously unexplored role of S-nitrosylated hemoglobin in cardioprotection.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF PRODUCTS, PRICES AND PROMOTIONS ON PURCHASING NUTRISARI DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research to analyze and determine the effect of product, price and promotion on the purchase of Nutrisari during the Covid-19 Pandemic.The results of simultaneous tests that have been carried out on Products, Prices, and Promotions have a positive and significant effect on Purchases with the regression equation Y = 0.090 + 0.208(X1) + 0.516(X2) + 0.207(X3), the simultaneous influence contribution is 59, 9% and the remaining 40.1% is influenced by other factors. From hypothesis testing, it is obtained that the calculated F value is greater than F table or (47.815 > 2.700), this result is also evidenced by the coefficient value of the hypothesis testing model where the significance value is positive, namely 0.000 < 0.05 so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, meaning that there is a significant effect. positive and significant between Product (X1), Price (X2) and Promotion (X3) on Purchase (Y). Keywords: price, product, promotion, purchase
Experiences on the Use and Misuse of the Shopee Application Towards Purchasing Behavior Among Selected Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) Senior High School Students

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract: The internet has had a profound impact on people's attitudes and behaviors all over the world. As a result of this advantage, online shopping has emerged, influencing ordinary citizens' lives. Although online shopping has begun in the Philippines with the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, consumers are not yet accustomed to doing so regularly. The purpose of this study, in this case, is to understand the behavior of online shoppers through a self-constructed survey among selected Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM) students at a specific private school in Manila, Philippines. According to the survey, consumers shop online to save time and gain access to a wider variety of products and services. When it comes to liking and disliking factors, both men and women exhibit the same behavior; they prefer home delivery and dislike the inability to touch and feel the product the most. They get online shopping information from websites, particularly social networks, and pay cash on delivery for clothes, makeup, and accessories. The majority of shoppers are concerned about the payment system's security, and their overall satisfaction with online shopping is mixed.
Better Objective Sleep Quality in Older Adults with High Subjective Memory Decline

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Background: Sleep disturbance is implicated in memory function across normal aging and neurodegenerative disease. Furthermore, there is mounting evidence to suggest that high levels of subjective memory decline (SMD) may signal very early neurodegenerative changes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). This view prompts research examining the relationship between SMD and other risk factors for cognitive decline, including sleep disturbance. Objective: To determine whether objective and subjective indices of sleep predict SMD in older adults. Methods: 181 community-based older adults were divided into groups of high and low SMD based on their responses to the Memory Assessment Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q). They undertook two weeks of objective sleep monitoring (actigraphy), and completed a subjective sleep quality assessment using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results: Hierarchical logistic regression indicated that after controlling for demographics and mood, objective sleep quality predicted high SMD group status (ΔNagelkerke R2=0.07, χ2=9.80 (3), p=0.020), while subjective sleep quality did not. Contrary to expectation, however, less sleep disruption predicted high SMD. Conclusion: These unexpected results may suggest a non-linear trajectory between sleep and memory decline in aging. The findings are discussed in relation to previous research, which taken together, may indicate compensatory sleep patterns of reduced sleep disruption in people with high levels of SMD. These preliminary findings suggest the utility of including analysis of sleep behavior in further longitudinal research of this at-risk group of older people.
Clinical observation of anesthesia in thymectomy for myasthenia gravis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To observe security of anesthesia method in thymectomy for myasthenia gravis,and to analyze the influential factors of postoperative support breath. Methods Forty-six adult patients with MG were thymectomized by cleaving the breastbone.Before operation,the patients took the peacetime dose of pyridostigmine bromide.Propofol,remifentanil and succinyl-choline chloride were injected for induction of anaesthesia.The patients were intubated with double-lumen endobronchial tube(DLT).Oxygen,enflurane were inhaled,and propofol and remifentanil were injected for maintaininng the anesthesia effect.Blood pressure,heart rate,SpO2 and PETCO2 were observed and recorded before operation,at the times of cutting skin,cleaving breastbone and removing thymus,and after operation.They were divided into two groups according to breath support:non-support group and support group. Results BP,HR,SpO2 and PETCO2 had no significant difference at all time points(P0.05).Forty patients(87.0%)were successfully extubated at operating room.After operation,six patients(13.0%)needed breath support for 2-9 h.The numbers of patients with breath support increased as the clinical grade of myasthenia gravis increased. Conclusion It is a safe anaesthesia method in thymectomy with induction by injecting propofol,remifentanil and succinylcholine chloride,intubation with DLT,and maintenance with oxygen and enflurane,propofol and remifentanil.