jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence Applications for Workplace Safety

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Workplace safety has been a field of research that increasingly draws attention of the artificial intelligence scientific community. Automations are important to detect and prevent various types of incidents, ranging from accident prevention, human error detection, manual process substitution by robots, continuous surveillance, harassment reporting, crime prevention, and others. After over a decade of ground-breaking advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), relevant applications can be deployed to serve workplace safety automation. A variety of techniques such as computer vision, natural language processing, machine learning, neural networks, robotics, explainable decision making, and interconnected intelligent devices can collaborate to build accurate, modern systems that can be applied in any working environment, targeting a variety of challenges. The predictive power of contemporary AI systems is able to reduce human effort regarding monitoring, reporting, and predicting future incidents, thus enhancing employees' safety and satisfaction at work.
Experimental investigation on the influence of process parameters in thermal drilling of metal matrix composites

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Friction Drilling is a special drilling technique that utilises the Frictional heat generated between the rotating conical drill bit and the stationary workpiece to soften and penetrate the work. The material which interests our study is the metal matrix composite Copper Silicon carbide (CuSiC) due to its high thermal conductivity which would accelerate the drilling process. Friction drill bits of various cone angles are made out of Tungsten High speed steel. Friction drill bits of various cone angles are made out of Tungsten High speed steel. The purpose of our study is to analyse the influence of the drilling parameters: Friction angle, Feed rate, Workpiece thickness and Spindle speed on Thrust force and Torque both graphically and by means of employing Taguchi's parametric design approach. Experimentation is to be conducted using Taguchi's orthogonal array and the results have to be assessed by analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Natural Gesture Based Interaction for Handheld Augmented Reality

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The goal of this research thesis is to explore and evaluate a novel interaction interface performing canonical manipulations in 3D space for Augmented Reality (AR) on handheld devices. Different from current handheld AR applications usually using touch-screen based interaction methods, we developed a 3D gesture based interaction approach for handheld AR using an attached RGB-Depth camera to provide intuitive 3D interaction experience in 3D space. By identifying fingertips and mapping their 3D positions into the coordinate system of AR virtual scene, our proposed method allows users to perform operations on virtual objects using their fingers in midair with six-degrees-of-freedom (6DOF). We applied our methods in two systems: (1) a client-server handheld AR system, and (2) a standalone handheld tablet AR system. In order to evaluate the usability of our gesture-based interface we conducted a user study in which we compared the performance to a 2D touch-based interface. From the results, we concluded that traditional 2D touch-based interface performed faster than our proposed 3D gesture-based interface. However, our method proved a high entertainment value, suggesting great possibilities for leisure applications.
Clinical applications of the hematopoietic growth factors.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hematopoiesis occurs in a microenvironment containing a variety of growth factors. Normal hematopoietic cells require these growth factors for viability, proliferation, and differentiation. The purification and molecular cloning of human growth factors has permitted a detailed analysis of hematopoiesis. Furthermore, the commercial production of growth factors resulted in their widespread introduction into clinical practice to limit chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Recently, clinical trials of growth factors have expanded to test their direct anticancer effects, to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy by stimulating cell division, and to use them as biological modulators to inhibit tumor growth. This review focuses on a few clinical uses of recombinant growth factors.
FeCl3-Diorganoyl Dichalcogenides Promoted Cyclization to Fused 4-Substituted selenophenes[2,3-b]thiophenes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The derivatives of fused heterocycles are valued not only for their rich and varied chemistry, but also for many important biological properties. The synthesis of fused heterocycles has also attracted considerable attention because of their use in the synthesis of a variety of functional materials for electronic devices. Among chalcogenides, fused chalcogenophene derivatives play an important role in organic synthesis because of their excellent electrical properties and environmental stability. Thus, during the past years there has been an impressive increasing attention in the development of environmentally benign protocols and the great challenge for chemists is to apply cost-effective, green, mild, and alternative methodologies. In this context, iron has appeared as a versatile alternative, due to its low price, nontoxicity, and environmentally benign properties. Considering these aspects and the large number of methodologies which have successfully used FeCl3 in the synthesis of interesting heterocycle or carbocycle compounds, the purpose of this study was to report the convenient one-step synthesis of novel fused heterocyclic ring systems containing selenothiophene moiety 2, starting from 2- organochalcogen-3-alkynylthiophenes 1 (Figure 1).
GENERALIZED CYTOMEGALIC INCLUSION-BODY DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA IN ADULTS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Three cases of generalized cytomegalic inclusion-body disease (salivary virus disease) in adults are reported, bringing the number of published cases up to 34. The infection is very rare in adults although well known in infants. As is often found in infants with this disease, pneumonia due to Pneumocystis carinii was also present in each case. The first patient had Wegener's granulomatosis, which presented with acute otitis media: a review of histological material obtained at mastoidectomy eight weeks before death showed that inclusion-body cytomegaly was already present then. Various antibiotics and prednisolone were given, and the lesions in the respiratory organs and the arteritis healed to a considerable extent. Renal failure, however, was progressive and led to death. The second patient had thrombotic purpura and died after a few weeks' illness, during which oxytetracycline and hydrocortisone were given. Congenital absence of the spleen was found at laparotomy, which was performed with the object of doing a splenectomy. Focal cryptococcal pneumonia was present post mortem : six years before death a solitary cryptococcal granuloma of one lung had been treated by lobectomy. The third patient had had Hodgkin's disease for 18 years. During the first 12 years the disease had the characteristics of the so-called indolent form (“Hodgkin's paragranuloma”) and it then passed into the typical form. Deep x -ray therapy and cytotoxic drugs were used during the course of the disease at various times, and streptomycin and tuberculostatic drugs were given because of intercurrent tuberculous meningitis which developed three months before death. In all three cases it seems likely that the underlying disease, or the drugs used in its treatment, predisposed to cytomegalic inclusion-body disease and concomitant pneumocystis pneumonia by lowering the patients' resistance. Just as some unusual types of fungal and bacterial infections have become less rare since the introduction of certain drugs, including antibiotics and steroids, it is possible that cytomegalic inclusion-body disease and pneumocystis infection may also be met with oftener in adults, perhaps particularly as a complication of the use of these drugs in the treatment of diseases which are specially liable to interfere with the body's defences.
A high sensitivity magnetometer via the combination of ultrahigh-Q fiber cavity and frequency-locking technology

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The optical cavity with high quality factor ( Q ) has been successfully employed to improve the sensitivity of magnetometer. However, complex system design and tedious data processing hinder the progress of application, since synchronized with other equipments and undergo additional post-processing. To overcome the limitation, we propose a single-loop frequency-locking (SLFL) optomagnetic (OM) signal solution system (SLFL-OMSS). SLFL-OMSS solution obtained a scale factor of 0.17 mV μ T −1 and the peak sensitivity is 44.1 fT/Hz 1/2 at 200 kHz. SLFL-OMSS reduces the calculating and complexity of the OM sensor system, which provides an efficient way for achieving a high-sensitivity OM sensing.
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF GASTRO RETENTIVE FLOATING TABLETS: OF QUETIAPINE FUMARATE

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The present study is performed by preparation and evaluation of floating tablets of quetiapine fumigate as model drug for prolongation of gastric residence time. Floating effervescent tablets were formulated by various materials like hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC ( K4M , K100M, KE15, PLAIN ) , Sodium CMC, PVPK 30, crospovidone, Ethylcellulose, MCC, PGMS, polymers with excipients sodium bicarbonate ,citric acid, lactose, magnesium stearate and talc and evaluated for floating properties, hardness, friability, dissolution, tap density and in vitro drug release studies. The gastro-retentive delivery systems of Quetiapine fumarate were successfully developed in the form of hydrodynamically balanced tablets to improve the local action and its bioavailability, which reduces the wastage of drug and ultimately improves the solubility for drugs that are less soluble in high pH environment thereby improving h, the patient compliance.
A Step-Down Hybrid Converter With Unequal Inductor

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A step-down topology derived from a hybrid converter is presented. The converter contains only two inductors, the output capacitor and one transistor. The operation is analyzed assuming unequal inductors and the main equations are provided. It is shown that the static conversion ratio it is not affected by the fact that the inductors have different values. The simulation results accompanied by the practical experiments they all confirmed the validity of the theoretical considerations.
MAKTABGACHA TA'LIM YOSHLI BOLALARINING RIVOJLANISHIDA EKOLOGIK TARBIYANING ROLI AXAMIYATI

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada maktabgacha ta’lim yoshli bolalarining rivojlanishida ekologik tarbiyaning roli axamiyati bayon etilgan.
Geometric considerations in determination of left ventricular mass by two-dimensional echocardiography.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This review describes the technique of and advances in determination of left ventricular mass by two-dimensional echocardiography. Two-dimensional echocardiographic model systems, which require geometric assumptions, may have limited accuracy in mass determination if ventricular shape is deformed or the architecture is irregular, as it may be in various disease states. Recently developed techniques allow free angulation of the echocardiographic transducer with continuous recordings of the three-dimensional coordinates of each image without imposing restraints on transducer orientation. These developments have led to methods for accurate three-dimensional reconstruction of left ventricular mass, even in the presence of severe dilatation or deformity. With the interaction of two-dimensional echocardiography, a coordinate system for locating the transducer in three-dimensional space, and computer-aided echocardiographic contouring, it is possible to obtain left ventricular mass estimates with a high degree of accuracy from randomly oriented views without practical restriction on transducer motion or major geometric assumptions.
Identification of Missing Links Using Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible Spreading Traces

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The study of Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) spreading on complex networks has stressed the role of the network topology which is often not entirely available in practical cases. This paper addresses the problem of inferring the network links from observed SIS temporal traces. In this paper, we first derive the likelihood of an observed SIS temporal traces and then we show how Bayesian inference can be applied to infer the probability that the uncertain links exist. Moreover, formulating this network reconstruction problem as a Bayesian problem enables us to take advantage of the numerical methods already developed for Bayesian inference. In order to demonstrate the capability of the proposed approach, we performed several simulations where we were able to reconstruct the network from the SIS traces.
[Advances in studies of the genes related to thyroid carcinoma].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is the most common endocrine cancer and its incidence has been increasing globally over the past decades. With the development of the genetic technology, more and more evidences showed that many genes affect the biological behaviors of TC, making sense to early diagnosis, predicting the prognosis and targeted therapy for TC. BRAF mutation is specific to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). It can not only predict the prognosis, but also have diagnosis value. RET rearrangements are identified as a specific genetic event in PTC. Though the preoperative detection of RET/PTC rearrangements has not proven useful in choosing the appropriate surgical management, new medications which are capable of inhibiting RET protein kinase activity may help to therapy the PTCs. RET mutation has specific meaning for detecting familial medullar thyroid carcinoma. Though RAS mutation can be discovered in follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FvPTC), poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) and undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma (UTC), the relationship between RAS mutation and prognosis remains controversial. P53 can be detected in more invasive variants of PTC, PDTC and UTC. P53 can be used as a prognosis-predictor. Rescuing the function of mutant p53 (mutp53) protein is an attractive anticancer therapeutic strategy. 30%-35% FTC and 37.5% FvPTC have PAX8-PPARγ rearrangement, which can distinguish carcinomas from adenomas in follicular neoplasms of the thyroid. Pioglitazone may have therapeutic efficacy in patients with PPFP-positive TCs. FTC and PTC have TERT promoter mutation, usually predicting poor prognosis. Other genes also influence on the biological behavior of TC, having diagnosis value and prognostic significance. Though the gene study about TC develops rapidly, many problems remain unclear. Further studies on TC-related genes are needed.
Determination of Physical Workload and the Ideal Number of Workers in Arsy Bakery using Full Time Equivalent (FTE) Method

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Arsy Bakery is one of the MSMEs located in Karang Joang, Balikpapan. This bakery produces five types of bread: white bread, sweat bread, mocha bread, cheese chocolate bread, and three-flavored bread. Arsy bakery could produce approximately 4000 loaves of bread weekly. This study aims to calculate the quantity of physical workload of Arsy bakery workers based on Full Time Equivalent (FTE) method and determine the ideal number of workers required. FTE is a workload analysis method that measures the length of time to complete the tasks in production process. The workload quantity for every worker is obtained based on the time measurements and calculation results. Based on the results of this study, the amount of workload that carried out by Worker 1 is 1.67, meanwhile the amount of workload carried out by Worker 2 is 1.60. These values show that both workers can be categorized as overload. The total FTE value for two workers is 3.27 which means that there should be 3 employees to finish Worker 1 and Worker 2 tasks. In conclusion, Arsy Bakery needs to recruit 1 new employee to reduce high workload of the current employees.
Complex formation dynamics of native and mutated pyrin's B30.2 domain with caspase‐1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Pyrin protein is the product of the MEFV gene, mutations in which cause manifestation of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Functions of pyrin are not completely clear. The secondary structure of the pyrin is represented with four domains and two motifs. Mutations p.M680I, p.M694V, p.M694I, p.K695R, p.V726A, and p.A744S, which are located in the B30.2 domain of pyrin protein, are responsible for manifestation of the most common and severe forms of FMF. All the domains and the motifs of pyrin, are directly or indirectly, involved in the protein–protein interaction with proteins of apoptosis and regulate the cascade of inflammatory reactions, which is impaired due to pyrin mutations. It is well known, that malfunction of the pyrin‐caspase‐1 complex is the main reason of inflammation during FMF. Complete tertiary structure of pyrin and the effects of mutations in it are experimentally not studied yet. The aim of this study was to identify possible effects of the abovementioned mutations in the B30.2 domain tertiary structure and to determine their potential consequences in formation of the B30.2‐caspase‐1 complex. Using in silico methods, it was found, that these mutations led to structural rearrangements in B30.2 domain tertiary structure, causing shifts of binding sites and altering the interaction energy between B30.2 and caspase‐1.
Role of shuntgraphy and venography in hemodialyzed patients.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

内シャント・外シャントの静脈側について, 再建手術前にvenographyが施行された透析患者32名におけるvenographyの有用性について検討した. 従来, 術前の情報源として施行されているシャントグラフィーと比較すると, シャント自体およびその近傍静脈の情報しか得られないシャントグラフィーに対して, 上肢全般の静脈の情報が一度の検査で得られること, 手術目標となる静脈と関連の深い周囲静脈の情報が得られること, シャント以外の上肢における生理的な静脈還流が把握できること, シャントグラフィーが不可の場合それにかわりうる検査法となることなど, 多くの有用性が証明された. この結果, 長期透析という恩恵を受けるためには, 限りある上肢静脈を計画的に利用しなければならない透析患者にとって, venographyは大きな朗報となると考えられた. Venographyを効果的に利用するためには十分な大きさのフィルムを用いて, 適正な肢位 (肘関節30°屈曲, 前腕回外位) で撮影することが大切であった. Venographyを施行するにあたり合併症や薬剤の副作用は全く認められなかった.
MSW (municipal solid waste) subscale rotary combustor R D support program

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW) is an important source of renewable energy. The objective of the present support studies is to extend our understanding of important hydrodynamic and chemical mechanisms that affect incinerator efficiency and environmental performance. The work is broken down into several tasks, each with specific goals as summarized here. Task 1, Chemical Reaction Phenomena, is intended to develop an understanding of the formation and destruction mechanisms for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). A model basis for examining the effects of incinerator operating conditions and design parameters on the emissions of these species was developed. The objective of Task 2, Hydrodynamics, was to develop an understanding of the solids and gas flow and mixing phenomena in rotary incinerators. The goal of Task 3, Process Design, was to develop the basis for engineering modelling of overall combustor performance, particularly as related to minimization of toxic and regulated emissions. The purpose of Task 5, Monitoring, Instrumentation, and Control, was to make recommendations for the utilization of advanced control techniques, in particular of on-line diagnostics, that can be used to improve rotary combustor operation, particularly with regard to emissions control. 64 refs., 43 figs., 13 tabs.
p62/SQSTM1 protects against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress in kidneys by mediating the cross talk between autophagy and the Keap1-Nrf2 signalling pathway

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major kidney disease associated with poor clinical outcomes. Oxidative stress is predominantly involved in the pathogenesis of AKI. Autophagy and the Keap1-Nrf2 signalling pathway are both involved in the oxidative-stress response. However, the cross talk between these two pathways in AKI remains unknown. Here, we found that autophagy is upregulated during cisplatin-induced AKI. In contrast with previous studies, we observed a marked increase in p62. We also found that p62 knockdown reduces autophagosome formation and the expression of LC3II. To explore the cross talk between p62 and the Keap1-Nrf2 signalling pathway, HK-2 cells were transfected with siRNA targeting Nrf2, and we found that Nrf2 knockdown significantly reduced cisplatin-induced p62 expression. Moreover, p62 knockdown significantly decreased the protein expression of Nrf2, as well as Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase l (NQO1), whereas the expression of kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) was upregulated. These results indicate that p62 creates a positive feedback loop in the Keap1-Nrf2 signalling pathway. Finally, we examined the role of p62 in cell protection during cisplatin-induced oxidative stress, and we found that p62 silencing in HK-2 cells increases apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which further indicates the protective role of p62 under oxidative stress and suggests that the cytoprotection 62 mediated is in part by regulating autophagic activity or the Keap1-Nrf2 signalling pathway. Taken together, our results have demonstrated a reciprocal regulation of p62, autophagy and the Keap1-Nrf2 signalling pathway under oxidative stress, which may be a potential therapeutic target against AKI.
[Fructosamine as a diagnostic parameter in the clinical routine].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The fructosamine normal range was established from a collective of 90 healthy individuals as 219-285 mumol/l (+/- 2s; mean 240 mumol/l). From a group of 10 diabetics day profiles of glucose, protein, albumin, and fructosamine were recorded by measuring these parameters three times per day at 8.00, 11.30, and 15.00. The fructosamine concentration was essentially constant also when related to protein or albumin. Fructosamine, HbAlc, CK, and CK-MB were determined from 12 diabetics with fresh myocard infarct (7 diabetics, 5 non-diabetics). Surprisingly, diabetics as well as non-diabetics manifested high fructosamine concentrations. The origin of the fructosamine increase with non-diabetic myocard infarct patients is not yet known. Possibly the acute metabolic disorder plays an important role. An influence of fibrinogen on fructosamine is also conceivable. Additional investigations, including therapy of lysis, will be carried on. The stability of the fructosamine was examined by storing 50 sera (fructosamine 295-491 mumol/l, glucose 180-279 mg/dl) at different temperatures (+ 25 degrees C, + 4 degrees C, - 20 degrees C). At - 20 degrees C and + 4 degrees C fructosamine increases by up to 2% in 24 hours. At + 25 degrees C a 6% increase in fructosamine was observed within the same observation period.