jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Critical Evaluation of BISAP Score in Assessing the Severity of Acute Pancreatitis: A Prospective Observational Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Early identification of patients at risk of mortality during acute pancreatitis is crucial for improving outcomes. Surgeons have long sought a clinical scoring system that is straightforward, easy to calculate using clinical parameters, and practical to apply. Aim: To evaluate the role of the BISAP scoring system in assessing the severity of acute pancreatitis. Settings and Design: Prospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care centre in central India from Jan 2023 to April 2024. Methods and Material: The study encompassed all patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. Within 24 hours of admission, the BISAP score was computed. Additionally, organ failure was assessed using the Marshall Scoring System. Results: Among 190 patients included in the study, there were 174 males and 16 females. The most common aetiology among men was alcoholism, while among women, it was gallstone disease. Of the total 190, 51 patients developed develop organ failure & 18 patients died, with 16 of them having a BISAP score ≥3. The BISAP score demonstrated a sensitivity of 90.64% and a specificity of 84.3% for predicting organ failure. Additionally, it showed a positive predictive value of 94.02% and a negative predictive value of 76.7% in this regard. Conclusion: The BISAP score serves as a valuable tool for risk stratification and prognostic prediction in clinical practice. It is recognized for its simplicity and accuracy in identifying patients early who are at higher risk for mortality and morbidity during hospitalization.
Bacteriocins of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Industrial Application

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Lactic acid bacteria produce different types of inhibitory compound that have a bactericidal effect. The inhibitory compounds produced include metabolic end products, bacteriocins that are antimicrobial peptides with antibiotic effect, hydrogen peroxides and numerous organic acids depending on their fermentation pathway. The inhibitory activity by bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria is diverse, comprising of strains capable of inhibiting different types of Gram-positive micro-organisms to those that affect only organism of close general. With the growing concern over the spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and the possibility of current therapies becoming inefficient, it is imperative to find antibiotics alternatives. In food preservation, naturally occurring peptides with antimicrobial activity are favoured over chemical preservatives a more reason why there should be a holistic approach to taking advantage of bacteriocinogenic bacteria in medicine and food industry. This review focuses on the application of bacteriocin in food preservation, food industry, livestock and medicine.
eSports Today

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Today, gaming, from consoles to PCs to mobile devices, is a global phenomenon with over two billion active participants. In the past two-decades, a subsector of gaming has emerged. eSports has transformed gaming into a networked forum where participants compete with others from around the world. This first chapter provides an overview of the major eSports issues and themes. It will include mapping the history of eSports and the major components of its business ecosystem. Each subsequent chapter will do a deep dive into core themes within eSports and their implications on business and society.
Large Deformations of an Elastic Solid

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Hencky’s stress-strain relation for large deformations of a rubberlike material is reviewed. It is then applied to the specific cases of pure tension, compression, bending, shear, and torsion. Each of these cases is verified experimentally on samples made from natural rubber. Particular emphasis is placed on the shear and torsion analysis because of its importance to practical applications.
Functional muscle analysis of the Tcap knockout mouse

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Autosomal recessive limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy type 2G (LGMD2G) is an adult‐onset myopathy characterized by distal lower limb weakness, calf hypertrophy, and progressive decline in ambulation. The disease is caused by mutations in Tcap, a z‐disc protein of skeletal muscle, although the precise mechanisms resulting in clinical symptoms are unknown. To provide a model for preclinical trials and for mechanistic studies, we generated knockout mice carrying a null mutation in the TCAP gene. Here we present the first report of a Tcap knockout mouse model for LGMD2G and the results of an investigation into the effects of Tcap deficiency on skeletal muscle function in 4‐month‐ and 12‐month‐old mice. Muscle histology of Tcap‐null mice revealed abnormal myofiber size variation with central nucleation, similar to findings in the muscles of LGMD2G patients. An analysis of a Tcap binding protein, myostatin, showed that deletion of TCAP was accompanied by increased protein levels of myostatin. Our Tcap‐null mice exhibited a decline in the ability to maintain balance on a rotating rod, relative to wild‐type controls. No differences were detected in force or fatigue assays of isolated extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles. Finally, a mechanical investigation of EDL and soleus indicated an increase in muscle stiffness in knockout animals. We are the first to establish a viable knockout mouse model of Tcap deficiency and our model mice demonstrate a dystrophic phenotype comparable to humans with LGMD2G. Support: M.K. Childers Laboratory Startup Fund
Effect of Mentofin application on the clearance of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) from naturally infected layer chickens’ trachea.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Aim of this study was to determine if Mentofin would have any effect on Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) clearance from the tracheal epithelium of chickens in commercial layer flocks, which were naturally infected with MG. Results indicated that, compared to the control group, there was a significant and continuous decline in MG infection in chickens of Mentofingroup determined by culture and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (MGrPCR) (P<0,05). Serology results in the control group indicated an increase in MG positivity from 25% to 40% (P>0,05), while there was no change in the Mentofin group (P>0,05). Culture results for MG positivity decreased from 85% to 5% in the Mentofin group, while this decrease was from 80% to 35% in the control group (P<0,05). There was a prominent decrease from 100% to 20% in MGrPCR positives in the Mentofin group (P<0,05) compared to a non-significant change observed from 95% to 80% in the control group (P>0,05). Results of this study indicate that Mentofin clearly had an effect on MG clearance from the tracheal epithelium, supported by detection of decline in MG infection in layers
Studies on property of immobilized lactase and its operational stabilization

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Lactase was immobilized on acyl hydrazide-containing carriers with glutaraldehyde by crosslinking reaction,the property of the immobilized enzyme were studied.Results showed that its optima pH and optima temperature were 6.5～7.0 and 38～41 ℃,respectively.The ki-netics of immobilized lactase Km and Vmax were 304.87 mmol/L and 0.10 mmol/(g.min),respectively.The stability of immobilized lactase was high at low temperature,its activity only lower 15.8% at 10 ℃ after repeatly used for 65 times,but its activity almost lower half at room tem-perature(24～26 ℃) at the same conditions.
FROM THE RUSSIAN SURGICAL CLINICS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

IN THIS issue of the A. M. A.Archives of Surgerywill be found three papers written by Prof. P. I. Androsov, M.D., of the Sklifosovsky Institute, of Moscow, and Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Surgical Apparatus and Tools, U. S. S. R. Ministry of Public Health. They were sent to Major Paul Schafer (MC), U. S. Army, with the request that they be reviewed by the editorial board of one of the American surgical journals for publication, and Major Schafer, knowing of our desire to publish his and Dr. F. H. Ellis' observations made on recent trips to the Russian surgical clinics and hospitals, sent the papers to the editors of the A. M. A.Archives of Surgery. They have been reviewed and accepted for publication. The readers, we are sure, will find much of interest in the methods of anastomosing blood vessels by a mechanical apparatus, about which
PPAR gamma Pro12Ala not associated with insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Insulin resistance is common in women with PCOS and may contribute to some of the clinical problems associated with the disease. Improvement of insulin resistance e.g. by metformin has been demonstrated to improve fertility. The Pro12Ala polymorphism of PPARγ has been proposed to be associated with increased insulin sensitivity in various cohorts. We therefore investigated a potential role of Pro12Ala on insulin resistance and endocrine markers in women with PCOS.
Multitaper Time-frequency Peak-based Longitudinal Sleep Analysis in 5XFAD Mouse Model

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract

Background: Sleep disturbance is common in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the characteristics of sleep disturbance remain unclear. Multitaper spectral analysis (MSA) is a novel method for investigating sleep. However, MSA-based sleep research in AD is lacking; hence we applied MSA to examine the sleep of AD.Methods: Electroencephalograms were recorded on 3-, 6-, and 10-month-old 5XFAD mice, and the time-frequency (TF) peaks were detected using MSA. We comparatively analyzed the TF peaks between genotypes and age groups.Results: The sigma TF peaks (~80%) were sleep spindles. MSA-based TF plot showed distinct patterns, agreeing with manual scoring. With AD progression, the characteristics of TF peaks coherently changed; shorter sigma TF peaks outnumbered longer ones; dark-period fast spindle TF peak density decreased significantly at both 6 and 10 months.Conclusions: Multitaper TF peaks might provide biomarkers for the progression of AD. Further investigations are warranted.
Research on Default Prediction for Credit Card Users Based on XGBoost-LSTM Model

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The credit card business has become an indispensable financial service for commercial banks. With the development of credit card business, commercial banks have achieved outstanding results in maintaining existing customers, tapping potential customers, and market share. During credit card operations, massive amounts of data in multiple dimensionsâ€”including basic customer information; billing, installment, and repayment information; transaction flows; and overdue recordsâ€”are generated. Compared with preloan and postloan links, user default prediction of the on-loan link has a huge scale of data, which makes it difficult to identify signs of risk. With the recent growing maturity and practicality of technologies such as big data analysis and artificial intelligence, it has become possible to further mine and analyze massive amounts of transaction data. This study mined and analyzed the transaction flow data that best reflected customer behavior. XGBoost, which is widely used in financial classification models, and Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM), which is widely used in time-series information, were selected for comparative research. The accuracy of the XGBoost model depends on the degree of expertise in feature extraction, while the LSTM algorithm can achieve higher accuracy without feature extraction. The resulting XGBoost-LSTM model showed good classification performance in default prediction. The results of this study can provide a reference for the application of deep learning algorithms in the field of finance.
Mechanisms of triple‐negative breast cancer extravasation: Impact of the physical environment and endothelial glycocalyx

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of death for those afflicted with cancer. In cancer metastasis, the cancer cells break off from the primary tumor, penetrate nearby blood vessels, and attach and extravasate out of the vessels to form secondary tumors at distant organs. This makes extravasation a critical step of the metastatic cascade. Herein, with a focus on triple‐negative breast cancer, the role that the prospective secondary tumor microenvironment's mechanical properties play in circulating tumor cells' extravasation is reviewed. Specifically, the effects of the physically regulated vascular endothelial glycocalyx barrier element, vascular flow factors, and subendothelial extracellular matrix mechanical properties on cancer cell extravasation are examined. The ultimate goal of this review is to clarify the physical mechanisms that drive triple‐negative breast cancer extravasation, as these mechanisms may be potential new targets for anti‐metastasis therapy.
Analysis of the virtual educational community based on user profile data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The investigation of virtual educational communities as a kind of information and communication technologies is presented in this paper. The actions that are to be performed at the stage of creation, work and results of the educational community are designed. The basic features of the educational virtual community are formulated. Profiles that should have certain input based on the role of the participants are generated. Much attention is paid to the importance of high-quality design of information content. The rules of participants behavior in the environment of the educational virtual community are substantiated. The main components of the educational community are described using of formal modeling. On this basis, the formal model of analysis of the educational virtual community is developed in accordance with the input data of the participants.
Re: Qualitative Exploration of the Patient Experience of Underactive Bladder

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey1 Aug 2018Re: Qualitative Exploration of the Patient Experience of Underactive Bladder Alan J. WeinMD, PhD (hon) Alan J. WeinAlan J. Wein More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.05.070AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Qualitative Exploration of the Patient Experience of Underactive Bladder." The Journal of Urology, 200(2), pp. 251–252 © 2018 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 200Issue 2August 2018Page: 251-252 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2018 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Alan J. Wein More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Synthesis of a new insulin-mimetic anti-diabetic drug containing vitamin A and vanadium(IV) salt: Chemico-biological characterizations

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Diabetes patients suffer from chronic disorders in the metabolism due to high blood sugar caused by anomalies in insulin excretion. Recently, vanadium compounds have been prepared and functionalized to decrease the level of hyperglycemia. Vitamin A boosts beta cell activity; therefore, the lack of this vitamin plays a role in the development of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this article focused on the synthesis of a new anti-diabetic drug formed from the complexation of a vanadium(IV) salt with vitamin A. Vitamin A acts as a unidentate chelate through the oxygen of its –OH group. The vanadium(IV) compound is surrounded by two vitamin A molecules. The [VO(vitamin A) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] compound was synthesized in a binary solvent system consisting of MeOH/H 2 O (1:1 ratio) in alkaline media at pH = 8. This compound was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), electronic spectra (UV–vis), effective magnetic moment, electron spin resonance (ESR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermal analysis (thermogravimetry (TG)–differential thermal analysis (DTA)). Anti-diabetic efficiency for the vanadium(IV) compound was assessed in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The results of the animal studies demonstrate the ability of the vanadium(IV) complex to act as an anti-diabetic agent, as measured by improvements of lipid profile, antioxidant activity (superoxide dismutase), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione, methionine synthase, and kidney and liver functions.
Feasibility of the income stabilization tool in Italy at regional level

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

European common agricultural policy (CAP) reforms, in the pillar 2, increase the importance of agricultural risk management as a means to stabilize farm household incomes. The one considered in this paper, the Income stabilization tool (IST), consists in providing co-financing support to mutual funds compensating farmers who experience a severe drop in their farm income. The strategic objective of the research is to analyse the potential of IST for the Marche Region in Italy. Income losses and consequent fundings are quantified elaborating individual farm data (FADN-RICA) in 2010. The results of the analysis show the relation between commodities price volatility and the increasing risk exposure. For public and private stakeholders analyses and reflections can be used in debating the domain of policy reforms, risk exposure and risk management in Italian agriculture.
Cyclization of 5‐amino‐1‐β‐d‐ribofuranosylimidazole‐4‐carboxamide (AICA‐riboside): A review

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The synthesis of various purine nucleosides by cyclization of AICA‐riboside(5‐amino‐1‐β‐D‐ribofuranosylimidazole‐4‐carboxamide) is described. A variety of cyclization reactions provide new synthetic routes to inosine and guanosine. In this review, emphasis will be placed on the synthesis of the latter.
Insertion Sequences within Oxacillinases Genes as Molecular Determinants of Acinetobacter baumannii Resistance to Carbapenems—A Pilot Study

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the major problems among hospitalized patients. The presence of multiple virulence factors results in bacteria persistence in the hospital environment. It facilitates bacterial transmission between patients, causing various types of infections, mostly ventilator-associated pneumonia and wound and bloodstream infections. A. baumannii has a variable number of resistance mechanisms, but the most commonly produced are carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D β-lactamases (CHDLs). In our study, the presence of blaOXA-23, blaOXA-40 and blaOXA-51 genes was investigated among 88 clinical isolates of A. baumannii, including 53 (60.2%) strains resistant to both carbapenems (meropenem and imipenem) and 35 (39.8%) strains susceptible to at least meropenem. Among these bacteria, all the isolates carried the blaOXA-51 gene. The blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-40 genes were detected in two (5.7%) and three (8.6%) strains, respectively. Among the OXA-23 carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii strains (n = 55), insertion sequences (ISAba1) were detected upstream of the blaOXA-23 gene in fifty-two (94.5%) carbapenem-resistant and two (3.6%) meropenem-susceptible isolates. A. baumannii clinical strains from Poland have a similar antimicrobial resistance profile as those worldwide, with the presence of ISAba1 among blaOXA-23-positive isolates also being quite common. Carbapenem resistance among A. baumannii strains is associated with the presence of CHDLs, especially when insertion sequences are present.
Hemiballism with leg predominance caused by contralateral subthalamic haemorrhage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hemiballism is a rare movement disorder characterised by high-amplitude movements of the limbs on one side of the body. Stroke of the contralateral basal ganglia, especially the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is the most common aetiology of acute development of hemiballism. Recently, the pathophysiology of hemiballism has been associated with abnormal firing patterns in the globus pallidus interna, with intermittent firing bursts followed by pauses, during which movements occur. An 87-year-old woman presented with a 5-day history of hemiballism predominantly in her leg. On the basis of her brain MRI findings, she was diagnosed as having vascular hemiballism caused by haemorrhage in the contralateral STN. Treatment with risperidone led to the clinical resolution of her condition. We discuss the distribution of the patient's ballistic movements on the basis of the somatotopic organisation of the STN.
MoS<sub>2</sub> Thin Sheet Growing on Nitrogen Self-Doped Mesoporous Graphic Carbon Derived from ZIF‑8 with Highly Electrocatalytic Performance on Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Several composite catalysts were\nsimply prepared by growing a MoS<sub>2</sub> sheet on N-doped mesoporous\ngraphic carbon derived from ZIF-8. The as-prepared catalysts were\nwell characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman\nspectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy\n(SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and N<sub>2</sub> adsorption–desorption\nanalysis. The catalysts have shown greatly improved electrocatalytic\nperformance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 0.5 M H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> compared to the corresponding MoS<sub>2</sub>, and as low as 185 mV of overpotential at 10 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> and\n57.0 mV/decade of Tafel slope were obtained. The catalyst also exhibits\ngreat stability, and only an 18 mV increase in overpotential was observed\nafter 1000 cycles.
Peer Review #1 of "MicroRNA-705 regulates the differentiation of mouse mandible bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (v0.2)"

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The craniofacial skeleton is the foundation of most stomatological treatments, including prosthodontics and maxillofacial surgery.Although histologically similar to the appendicular skeleton, the craniofacial skeleton manifests many unique properties in response to external stimuli and signals.However, the mandibular or maxillary bone marrow mesenchyme, which is the intrinsic foundation of the functions of craniofacial skeleton, has not been well studied, and its homeostasis mechanism remains elusive.Osteoporosis is a systemic disease that affects all skeletons and is characterized by bone mass loss.Osteoporotic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) exhibit disturbed homeostasis and distorted lineage commitment.Many reports have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in regulating MSCs homeostasis.Here, to obtain a better understanding of mandibular bone marrow MSCs homeostasis, we isolated and cultured mandible marrow MSCs from mouse mandibles.Using miR-705 mimics and an inhibitor, we demonstrated that miR-705 played a vital role in shifting the mandibular MSCs lineage commitment in vitro.Utilizing an osteoporosis mouse model, we demonstrated that MSCs from ovariectomized (OVX) mouse mandibular bone marrow exhibited impaired osteogenic and excessive adipogenic differentiation.miR-705 was found overexpressed in OVX mandibular MSCs.The knock down of miR-705 in vitro partially attenuated the differentiation disorder of the OVX mandibular MSCs by upregulating the expression of osteogenic marker genes but suppressing adipogenic genes.Taken together, our findings provide a better understanding of the homeostasis mechanism of mandibular BMMSCs and a novel potential therapeutic target for treating mandibular osteoporosis.