jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
THE METHOD OF ROLL SURFACE QUALITY MEASUREMENT FOR CONTINUOUS HOT DIP ZINC COATED STEEL SHEET PRODUCTION LINE

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The present paper describes a developed analyzing system of roll surface during the process of continuous hot dip zinc coated steel sheet production line, in particular, adhering problem by transferred inclusions from roll to steel sheet surface during annealing process so called the pickup. The simulated test machine for coated roll surface in processing line has been designed and performed. The system makes it possible to analyze roll surface condition according to pickup phenomena from various roll coatings concerning operating conditions of hearth rolls in annealing furnace. The algorithm of fast pickup detection on surface is developed on the base of processing of several optical images of surface. The parameters for quality estimation of surface with pickups were developed. The optical system for images registration and image processing electronics may be used in real time and embed in processing line.
GDP-B: Accounting for the Value of New and Free Goods in the Digital Economy

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The welfare contributions of the digital economy, characterized by the proliferation of new and free goods, are not well-measured in our current national accounts. We derive explicit terms for the welfare contributions of these goods and introduce a new metric, GDP-B which quantifies their benefits, rather than costs. We apply this framework to several empirical examples including Facebook and smartphone cameras and estimate their valuations through incentive-compatible choice experiments. For example, including the welfare gains from Facebook would have added between 0.05 and 0.11 percentage points to GDP-B growth per year in the US.
THE EFFECT OF BINJAI (Mangifera caesia) LEAVES EXTRACT GEL TO COLLAGEN FIBER DENSITY ON WOUND

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Binjai (Mangifera caesia) leaves extract contains flavonoid, saponin, phenolic, tannin, alkaloid and triterpenoid. The said contents are known to help the process of wound healing. Gel formations contains a lot of water, resulting in substance penetration into the tissue will be better if used as wound healing adjuvant therapy. Purpose: To analyze the effect of binjai leaves extract gel (Mangifera caesia) that topically given to collagen fiber density on the wistar rat incision wound. Methods: This research was a true experimental with post test only with control group design that consists of 4 groups. Group I has been given the placebo gel as control, group II, III and IV have been given the binjai leaves extract gel with 5%, 10% and 15% concentration that observed on the 7th day and 14th day. The collagen fiber density assessed by measuring hydroxyproline with Stegmann and Stalder method. Results: The research result shows that the 15% concentration of binjai leaves extract gel has a better effect on collagen fiber density compared to 5% and 10% concentrations. Two-way Anova data analysis revealed that the significant difference average of collagen fiber density of the whole group with the value of sig.p < 0,05. Conclusion: The 15% concentration of binjai leaves extract gel has the most optimal effect compared with the 5% and 10% concentrations to collagen fiber density on the wistar rat incision wound.
The Effects of Drinking and Smoking Behavior on Academic Performance, Tenure-Track Employment, and Wage Among Undergraduate Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

직장인이 개인의 건강한 삶과 음주․흡연을 포함한 직장에서 이루어지는 사회적 활동 간의 균형을 맞추는 것은 중요하다. 본 연구는 대학생직업이동경로조사(2016GOMS)의 자료를 활용하여 대학졸업자를 대상으로 음주와 흡연 습관이 학업성적, 취업 성공 여부, 직장에서의 임금수준에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 연구대상은 2017년 9월 1일의 조사에 응답한 18,199명 가운데, 본연구의 목적에 부합한 4년제 대학졸업자를 대상으로 총 12,824명을 최종 분석 자료로 활용하였다. 음주와 흡연 습관이 학업성적에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해서 선형회귀 분석(OLS) 모형을 적용하였고, 취업 성공 여부의 분석을 위해 로짓 모형(logit model)으로 불편 추정을 사용하였으며, 임금수준에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해서는 로그로 전환한 임금방정식을 활용하였고, 성별 간의 노동시장 참여 차이를 반영하기 위하여 헤크만의 표본 선택 편이(Heckman’s sample selection bias)를 사용하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 음주와 흡연은 대학생의 학업성적에 부정적인 영향을 미치고, 둘째, 음주와 흡연은 정규직 취업 가능성과 임금수준을 높이는 데 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 대학 및 직장의 음주 및 흡연 문화 개선을 위한 시사점을 논의하였다.
Classical Tragedy and the Old Testament

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

It is commonly acknowledged that the worst way of approaching tragedy is to deal in generalities. The endless definitions have only contributed a yawn of boredom. No one is now willing to spend time on Aristotle's definition. Yet no book on the subject would be complete without quoting again from the Poetics: 'Tragedy, then, is an imitation of an action that is serious, complete and of a certain magnitude; in language embellished with each kind of artistic ornament, the several kinds being found in separate parts of the play; in the form of action, not of narrative; through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotions' (6. 1449b). It is not even clear that Aristotle knew first-hand tragedy on the Athenian stage, for the great time of the Dionysian festival was already over. Nor is it clear what kind of catharsis he envisaged. A. Lesky, in Greek Tragedy (1967), subscribes to the view that the meaning of the word 'is a pleasurable relief from the emotions in question' (p. 6).1 We trace the term to the realm of medicine, not to morals or transcendent feelings. This may be disappointing, a kind of anti-climax even before we set out to climb the mountain.
Extensions and s-comparability of exchange rings

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let S be a ring extension of R. In this note, for any positive integer s we study s-comparability related to ring extensions. We show that if S is an excellent extension of R, R and S are exchange rings, and R has the n-unperforation property. R satisfies s-comparability if and we only if so does S, and we prove that for a 2-sided ideal J of S, and an exchange subring R of the exchange ring S, which contains J as a direct summand, then R satisfies s-comparability if and only if so does R/J.
Effects of Limited Substrates on the Growth, Metabolism and Monoclonal Antibody Formation of Hybridoma Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The growth, metabolism and MAb formation of hybridoma cells were studied in the glucose or glutamine limited batch culture. Almost the same maximum viable cell densities, (1.0±0.1)×106 cells/mL in both cultures, were obtained. In glucose limitation, lactate production and YLac/Glc decrease, while YCell/Glc increases, which suggests that more glucose takes part in TCA cycle. In glutamine limitation, the production of ammonium and alanine, and YAla/Gln decrease, while YAmm/Gln increases, which indicates that the high utilization rate of glutamine is achieved. When glutamine is exhausted, some amino acids, such as isoleucine, leucine, cystine, valine, tryptophan and histine, are used to maintain cell growth and MAb formation. These amino acids are transformed into glycine and aspartate rather than alanine. MAb formation is growthassociated and continued during the death phase. The average specific MAb formation rates of the death phase are about half of those of the growth phase. The cell productivity in the combined glucose and glutamine limited batch culture is lower than that in the single glucose or glutamine limited batch culture.
Momelotinib for the treatment of myelofibrosis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Introduction: The abnormally activated JAK-STAT pathway plays a central role in the pathogenesis of BCR/ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), simultaneously providing a theoretical and clinical basis for the development of small-molecule compounds targeting JAK. The first approved drug, ruxolitinib, demonstrated a rapid and durable improvement of symptoms and splenomegaly accompanied with better overall survival in myelofibrosis (MF) patients. However, ruxolitinib-related adverse effects and resistance are limitations, so there is an urgent need to develop new JAK inhibitors to retain the efficacy of ruxolitinib and avoid its deficiency. Areas covered: This review discusses the preclinical and clinical studies of momelotinib (MMB) aiming to gain a deeper understanding of the advantages and clinical limitations of this drug. Expert opinion: The clinical trial data available thus far indicate that MMB is not inferior to ruxolitinib in spleen response and symptoms response, with the improvement of anemia surprising. The only obstacle that may slowdown its approval is treatment-emerged peripheral neuropathy (PN). If we can minimize MMB's treatment-related PN by administration optimization, MMB promises to be a good choice of individualized treatment for MF patients mainly manifesting as anemia.
A syndrome of keratosis palmo-plantaris congenita, pes planus, onychogryphosis, periodontosis, arachnodactyly and a peculiar acro-osteolysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A family with a symptom complex of pes planus, onychogryphosis, palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and periodontosis is reported. A detailed pedigree is given and the mode of inheritance is suggested.
Performance of the CMS Tracker Optical Links and Future Upgrade Using Bandwidth Efficient Digital Modulation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

(Abridged version) The CMS experiment at the LHC will begin operation in 2007. The CMS Tracker sub-detector, comprises ~10 million detector channels read out by ~40 000 analog optical links. The optoelectronic components have been designed to meet the stringent requirements of a HEP experiment in terms of radiation hardness, low mass and low power. Extensive testing has been performed on the components and on complete optical links in test systems. Their functionality and performance in terms of gain, noise, linearity, bandwidth and radiation hardness is detailed. Particular emphasis is placed on the gain, which directly affects the dynamic range of the detector data. It has been possible to accurately predict the variation in gain that will be observed throughout the system. A simulation based on production test data showed that the average gain would be ~38% higher than the design target at the Tracker operating temperature of -10°C. Corrective action was taken to reduce the gains and recover the lost dynamic range by lowering the optical receiver's load resistor value from 100Ω to 62Ω. All links will have gains between 0.64 and 0.96V/V. The future iteration of CMS will be operated in an upgraded LHC requiring faster data readout. In order to preserve the large investments made for the current readout system, an upgrade path that involves reusing the existing optoelectronic components is considered. The applicability of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) in a HEP readout system is examined. The method for calculating the data rate is presented, along with laboratory tests where QAM signals were transmitted over a Tracker optical link. The results show that 3-4Gbit/s would be possible if such a design can be implemented (over 10 times the equivalent data rate of the current analog links, 320Mbits/s).
Automated ortholog inference from phylogenetic trees and calculation of orthology reliability

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Motivation: Orthologous proteins in different species are likely to have similar biochemical function and biological role. When annotating a newly sequenced genome by sequencehomology, the most precise and reliable functional information can thus be derived from orthologs in other species. A standard method of finding orthologs is to compare the sequence tree with the species tree. However, since the topology of phylogenetic tree is not always reliable one might get incorrect assignments. Results: Here we present a novel method that resolves this problem by analyzing a set of bootstrap trees instead of the optimal tree. The frequency of orthology assignments in the bootstrap trees can be interpreted as a support value for the possible orthology of the sequences. Our method is efficient enough to analyze data in the scale of whole genomes. It is implemented in Java and calculates orthology support levels for all pairwise combinations of homologous sequences of two species. The method was tested on simulated datasets and on real data of homologous proteins. Availability: Downloadable free of charge from ftp://ftp.cgb.ki.se/pub/prog/orthostrapper/or on request from the authors. Contact: christian.storm@cgb.ki.se
Prevalence and Genomic Structure of Bacteriophage phi3 in Human-Derived Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from 2000 to 2015

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Whereas the emergence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) clonal complex 398 (CC398) in animal husbandry and its transmission to humans are well documented, less is known about factors driving the epidemic spread of this zoonotic lineage within the human population. One factor could be the bacteriophage phi3, which is rarely detected in S. aureus isolates from animals but commonly found among isolates from humans, including those of the human-adapted methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) CC398 clade.
Copper(II) Complexes of the Hexaaza Macrocyclic Ligand 3,6,9,16,19,22-Hexaaza-27,28-dioxatricyclo [ 22.2.1.111,14 ] octacosa-1 (26) ,11 ,13 ,24 - tetraene and Their Interaction with Oxalate, Malonate, and Pyrophosphate Anions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTCopper(II) Complexes of the Hexaaza Macrocyclic Ligand 3,6,9,16,19,22-Hexaaza-27,28-dioxatricyclo [ 22.2.1.111,14 ] octacosa-1 (26) ,11 ,13 ,24 - tetraene and Their Interaction with Oxalate, Malonate, and Pyrophosphate AnionsQin Lu, Joseph H. Reibenspies, Arthur E. Martell, and Ramunas J. MotekaitisCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1996, 35, 25, 7462Publication Date (Web):December 4, 1996Publication History Published online4 December 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic960914fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ic960914fcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views256Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (15 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Antiferromagnetic fluctuations and proton Schottky heat capacity in doped organic conductor κ-(BEDT-TTF)4Hg2.78Cl8

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Low temperature heat capacity measurements of hole-doped organic conducting compound of κ-(BEDT-TTF)4Hg2.78Cl8 were performed by the ac calorimetry and the thermal relaxation technique. It was observed that low temperature electronic heat capacity at 0 T can be fitted by a kind of spin fluctuations model for two-dimensional (2D) itinerant electrons. The enhancement of electronic heat capacity is originated from these magnetic fluctuations occur at extremely low temperature region. We also observed that the low temperature heat capacity under magnetic fields show large additional contribution explained by the two-level Schottky model of protons located on the edge of BEDT-TTF molecules. The strong spin fluctuations peculiar for 2D electrons in this hole-doped organic compound influence the relaxation process of proton spins to get thermal equilibrium state. This is the first example among organic conducting systems where magnetic fluctuations of itinerant electrons affect on the relaxation of proton spins. Similar tendency was observed in another hole-doped system of κ-(BEDT-TTF)4Hg2.89Br8 of which magnitude is reduced down to 20–25% of that of κ-(BEDT-TTF)4Hg2.78Cl8.
The Two Steps of Poly(A)-Dependent Termination, Pausing and Release, Can Be Uncoupled by Truncation of the RNA Polymerase II Carboxyl-Terminal Repeat Domain

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The carboxyl-terminal repeat domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II is thought to help coordinate events during RNA metabolism. The mammalian CTD consists of 52 imperfectly repeated heptads followed by 10 additional residues at the C terminus. The CTD is required for cleavage and polyadenylation in vitro. We studied poly(A)-dependent termination in vivo using CTD truncation mutants. Poly(A)-dependent termination occurs in two steps, pause and release. We found that the CTD is required for release, the first 25 heptads being sufficient. Neither the final 10 amino acids nor the variant heptads of the second half of the CTD were required. No part of the CTD was required for poly(A)-dependent pausing--the poly(A) signal could communicate directly with the body of the polymerase. By removing the CTD, pausing could be observed without being obscured by release. Poly(A)-dependent pausing appeared to operate by slowing down the polymerase, such as by down-regulation of a positive elongation factor. Although the first 25 heptads supported undiminished poly(A)-dependent termination, they did not efficiently support events near the promoter involved in abortive elongation. However, the second half of the CTD, including the final 10 amino acids, was sufficient for these functions.
Cognitive differences between patients with progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Alzheimer's disease

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Sixteen patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (AD) and nine patients with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) were administered a battery of neuropsychological tasks that assessed a cross-section of cognitive abilities. The subjects were equated in terms of overall level of impairment. There was no difference between the groups on the WAIS subtests that were administered (Vocabulary, Digit Span Forward, Similarities, Block Design). There was a striking difference between the AD and PSP patients on tests of verbal and nonverbal memory, as assessed by the Wechsler Memory Scale. The memory performance of the PSP patients did not, in fact, differ from a group of normal controls. In addition, there was a double-dissociation between the AD and PSP patients on tasks that evaluated naming and verbal fluency.
On the Origins of Deep Hydrocarbons

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Research Article| January 01, 2013 On the Origins of Deep Hydrocarbons Mark A. Sephton; Mark A. Sephton Earth Science & Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom, m.a.sephton@imperial.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Robert M. Hazen Robert M. Hazen Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015, U.S.A. rhazen@ciw.edu Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Mark A. Sephton Earth Science & Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom, m.a.sephton@imperial.ac.uk Robert M. Hazen Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015, U.S.A. rhazen@ciw.edu Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America First Online: 09 Mar 2017 © 2013 Mineralogical Society of America Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry (2013) 75 (1): 449–465. https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.75.14 Article history First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Mark A. Sephton, Robert M. Hazen; On the Origins of Deep Hydrocarbons. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 2013;; 75 (1): 449–465. doi: https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.75.14 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyReviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry Search Advanced Search Deep deposits of hydrocarbons, including varied reservoirs of petroleum and natural gas, represent the most economically important component of the deep carbon cycle. Yet despite their intensive study and exploitation for more than a century, details of the origins of some deep hydrocarbons remain a matter of vocal debate in some scientific circles. This long and continuing history of controversy may surprise some readers, for the biogenic origins of "fossil fuels"—a principle buttressed by a vast primary scientific literature and established as textbook orthodoxy in North America and many other parts of the world—might appear to be settled fact. Nevertheless,... You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Mycotoxin Exposure in Children through Breakfast Cereal Consumption in Chile

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Mycotoxins are unavoidable contaminants produced by fungi in food, especially grains. This study aimed to measure the occurrence and levels of total aflatoxins (AFs); ochratoxin A (OTA); zearalenone (ZEN); fumonisins B1, B2, and B3 (FUM); deoxynivalenol (DON); and T-2/HT-2 toxins in the four most commonly consumed breakfast cereals in Chile and to assess mycotoxin exposure and risk in children aged 2 to 13 years due to cereal consumption. In this study, a total of 110 batches with three subsamples of the four brands were sampled in supermarkets from November 2019 to June 2021. Samples were analyzed by Veratox® ELISA (Neogen). Exposure was assessed by estimated daily intake (EDI) considering the levels found in a modified lower bound (mLB) and upper bound (UB). Risk was estimated by margin of exposure (MOE) in the case of OTA and AFs and hazard quotient (HQ) for the rest of the mycotoxins. No T2/HT2 toxins were detected. Few samples had quantifiable levels of ZEN, FUM, and DON except for brand 1, with a mean (standard deviation, SD) of 54 (20), 1552 (351), and 706 (218) ng/g, respectively. In addition, three FUM samples and one DON sample had values over the Chilean regulation. Brands 2, 3, and 4 had quantifiable levels of AFs, with mean (SD) values of 1.3 (0.1), 2.1 (0.6), and 1.9 (0.4) ng/g, respectively. Brand 3 had quantifiable levels of OTA, with a mean (SD) of 2.3 (0.4) ng/g. Estimated exposure indicated a risk of AFs in all scenarios, and of FUM for brand 1 consumption, OTA and DON for brand 3 consumption, and OTA for brand 4 consumption in the mLB worst-case scenario. In general, mycotoxin levels were below the Chilean regulatory limits, but most of them were above the EU regulation for processed cereal-based food in young children. Because the risk was higher in the 2- to 5-year-old children, we recommend special regulations for this group in Chile.