jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Post-Irradiation Treatment with a Superoxide Dismutase Mimic, MnTnHex-2-PyP5+, Mitigates Radiation Injury in the Lungs of Non-Human Primates after Whole-Thorax Exposure to Ionizing Radiation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Radiation injury to the lung is the result of acute and chronic free radical formation, and there are currently few effective means of mitigating such injury. Studies in rodents indicate that superoxide dismutase mimetics may be effective in this regard; however, studies in humans or large animals are lacking. We hypothesized that post-exposure treatment with the lipophilic mitochondrial superoxide dismutase mimetic, MnTnHex-2-PyP5+ (hexyl), would reduce radiation-induced pneumonitis and fibrosis in the lungs of nonhuman primates. Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) received 10 Gy whole thorax irradiation, 10 Gy + hexyl treatment, sham irradiation, or sham irradiation + hexyl. Hexyl was given twice daily, subcutaneously, at 0.05 mg/kg, for 2 months. Animals were monitored daily, and respiratory rates, pulse oximetry, hematology and serum chemistry panels were performed weekly. Computed tomography scans were performed at 0, 2, and 4 months after irradiation. Supportive fluid therapy, corticosteroids, analgesics, and antibiotics were given as needed. All animals were humanely euthanized 4.5 months after irradiation, and pathologic assessments were made. Multifocal, progressive lung lesions were seen at 2 and 4 months in both irradiated groups. Hexyl treatment delayed the onset of radiation-induced lung lesions, reduced elevations of respiratory rate, and reduced pathologic increases in lung weight. No adverse effects of hexyl treatment were found. These results demonstrate (1) development of a nonhuman primate model of radiation-induced lung injury, (2) a significant mitigating effect of hexyl treatment on lung pathology in this model, and (3) no evidence for toxicity of hexyl at the dose studied.
Earthworm Muscle Preparation for Studying Several Potent Compounds - The Possible Existence of a “Soman Receptor”

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A new model of earthworm (Eisenia foedida) dorsal muscle preparation was studied. It is a specific preparation for testing GABA and its agonist muscimol. The response of muscle could be recorded through mechanical functional changes instead of potential variations. Thus, it is a direct and simple means for measuring GABA activity. ChE-deactivated preparation was suggested for this purpose. By mild membrane modifications of earthworm muscle preparation, it was possible to remove or inactivate GABA, glutamic acid or Soman combining protein. In conjunction with superfusion of Ach-receptor antagonist (α-Bungaratoxin) or GABA antagonist (picrotoxin, isopropylbicyclophosphate), we could differentiate Soman receptor from Ach and GABA receptor. The possible existence of a Soman receptor in the earthworm muscle was therefore proposed.
Chemical Profile of Value-added Oyster Mushrooms

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

>The human corona virus disease of 2019 is a viral disease that can produce oxidative stress due to reduced antioxidant activity. Black cumin is a plant that can be taken as a supplement to boost antioxidant levels in the body, although the process is still unknown. As a result, the in silico method will be used to screen the potential of Nigella sativa peptide as an antioxidant in this study. Protein tracking was done using the UniProt database, with KEAP1 as the target protein (GDP: 5CGJ). Molecular docking was performed using Patchdock Server and antioxidant activity was determined using https://services.healthtech.dtu.dk/service.php?AnOxPePred-1.0. The researchers concluded that peptides found in N. sativa’s NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 5, chloroplastic protein, had antioxidant potential through suppressing KEAP1 activity with the lowest ACE in Tyr-Tyr-Glu and Cys-Tyr-Tyr.
Decomposition of Arboreal Legume Fractions in a Silvopastoral System

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Deposition and decomposition of arboreal vegetation represent crucial but poorly understood soil nutrient and organic matter cycling components of warm climate silvopastoral systems. Biomass loss and nutrient release from decomposition bags with leaves (Exp. 1) or branches (Exp. 2) of the arboreal legumes gliricidia [ Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth] and sabiá ( Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) in a signal grass [ Brachiaria decumbens (Stapf) R.D. Webster] silvopastoral system were measured in 2011 and 2012. In Exp. 2, branches were divided into 0‐ to 3‐, >3‐ to 9‐, and >9‐ to 20‐cm circumference classes. The incubated nylon bags were collected 0, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, and 256 d after placement on the soil surface. Gliricidia leaves and branches, in general, had higher N and lower acid detergent lignin (ADL) concentrations and ADL/N ratios than those of sabiá. Gliricidia leaf biomass loss rates were greater ( P < 0.001; k = 0.0038 g g −1 d −1 ) than those of sabiá ( k = 0.0012 g g −1 d −1 ), as were the branch biomass loss rates (gliricidia, k = 0.0018 g g −1 d −1 ; sabiá, k = 0.0005 g g −1 d −1 ). Leaf N release from the fixed amounts incorporated as annual litterfall corresponded to 47 and 14 kg N ha −1 from gliricidia and sabiá, respectively. The differences in concentrations and decomposition rates of the various fractions indicate that the two legume species differ in their nutrient recycling capacities.
Geraldo L. Cadava. Standing on Common Ground: The Making of a Sunbelt Borderland.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Geraldo L. Cadava's Standing on Common Ground: The Making of a Sunbelt Borderland brings to light the transnational exchanges between Arizona and Sonora in the post–World War II era. Economic growth and modernization transformed two national frontiers into an interdependent Sunbelt borderland that benefited from federal investment and economic-development programs. Cadava argues that the ideologies of profit, progress, and modernization motivated Arizona's and Sonora's businesspeople and politicians while ignoring significant consequences suffered by the area's minority groups and the working class. Business and political leaders promoted the benefits of transnational economic development but marginalized many Mexicans, Mexican Americans, and Native Americans as they remained some of Arizona's largest poor and discounted communities during the postwar era and beyond. Furthermore, Cadava states that the Sunbelt economic development initiatives tended to favor already wealthy investors rather than workers and small landholders. The city of Tucson, Arizona, emerged as the epicenter of this transformative period through its connective highways, its proximity to the international boundary, and its industries. However, Cadava offers a more nuanced perspective of space and demonstrates that the Sunbelt borderlands are defined less by the international line itself and more by the range of economic, political, social, and cultural relationships that transcended the boundary. A broader range of actors is cast in the transformation of the frontier, such as students, shoppers, businesspeople, politicians, families, and artists, thus resulting in a richer and more interdisciplinary understanding of the Sunbelt borderlands.
Mobile manipulation with a kinematically redundant manipulator for a pick-and-place scenario

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Mobile robots and robotic manipulators have traditionally been used separately performing different types of tasks. For example, industrial robots have typically been programmed to follow trajectories using position sensors. If combining the two types of robots and adding sensors new possibilities emerge. This enables new applications, but it also raises the question of how to combine the sensors and the added kinematic complexity. An omni-directional mobile robot together with a new type of kinematically redundant manipulator for future use as a service robot for grocery stores is proposed. The scenario is that of distributing groceries on refilling shelves, and a constraint-based task specification methodology to incorporate sensors and geometric uncertainties into the task is employed. Sensor fusion is used to estimate the pose of the mobile base online. Force sensors are utilized to resolve remaining uncertainties. The approach is verified with experiments.
THERMOLUMINESCENCE OF OFFSHORE SEDIMENTS-A POTENTIAL METHOD FOR GAS HYDRATE EXPLORATION

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the mechanism of Thermoluminescence (TL) has been described. Sampling was carried out in the South China Sea and the East China Sea. Some indicator minerals, such as CaCO 3, CaSO 4 and BaSO 4, were produced during the formation, migration and decomposition of gas hydrates, which are crystalsof TL. Metal elements play an important role in TL operation. The results indicate a positive correlation between TL and hydrates. It is noteworthy that TL may be a very useful index for gas hydrate exploration in the future.
The Performance of Building Societies: A Comparative Analysis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This chapter presents an empirical analysis of the performance of UK banks and building societies since the large-scale demutualisation process ended in the year 2000. Our results highlight the substantial impact of the financial crisis on the sector. Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA) decreased for both groups in the wake of the financial turmoil, with 2008 and 2009 being particularly difficult years. However, as the UK economy recovers, the outlook is positive for both groups. Asset and loan growth are positive and the entry of new competitors seems to have had an encouraging effect on activity. Capitalisation ratios are above the regulatory guidelines and both groups are currently in a position to meet the regulatory minimum leverage ratio. Building societies in particular have recovered well from the financial turmoil, and they appear less risky than banks on a variety of measures, from lower volatility of earnings, lower volatility of net interest margins (NIMs), and higher z-scores.
Optimal Design of Prestressed Plane Cable Structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Starting from some of our previous results, we provide a general comparison between a typical scheme of a two-surface hanging structure and a new type of prestressed cable-stayed structure whose good static and dynamic behavior has already been pointed out. For both structures we investigate fully stressed solutions of minimum volume and structural optimization. The superiority of prestressed cable-stayed structures over two-surface hanging structures is again confirmed. For both kinds of structures, numerical results are reported together with diagrams concerning the identification of optimal structural parameters. Some final discussions and suggestions for further developments of this theme conclude the paper.
A Hospital Based Prospective Clinical and Radiological Assessment of Multiple Ligament Injuries of Knee

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

AbstractAim: The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical and radiological evaluation of multiple ligamentinjuries of knee.Methods: The Prospective study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics for the period of 1 year. 50cases were included in the study.Results: In our study out of 50, there were 39 males and 11 females. The youngest and the oldest patient in ourstudy were 18 and 60 years old respectively. Majority of the patients were found to be between the age group of17-30 years. The least number of cases are found in the age group of >40 years. The average age was 35.5 years.Majority of the patients were of left side, 31 patients (62%) and remaining 19 patients (38%) were of right side.Most common mode of injury was Road Traffic Accidents with 22 patients followed by 16 patients with sportsinjury and 12 patients with history of fall. In our study out of 50 cases, most common pattern of injury was typeIII ACL + posterolateral complex with 18 cases (36%) and the least common was type IV PCL +Posterolateralcomplex with only 2 cases (4%). Lachman test and Anterior drawer test for Anterior cruciate ligament had a PValue <0.05 which was statistically significant in our study. Posterior drawer test, Valgus stress test, Varus stresstest, McMurray's had P Value <0.0001 which was statistically highly significant in our study. Posterior sag testhad P value >0.05 which had not statistically significant in our study. On comparing with MRI Lachman’s test ismore sensitive than anterior drawer for ACL tear, For PCL injury posterior drawer was more sensitive thanPosterior sag test. Varus test for LCL and McMurray’s test for Medial meniscus were more sensitive than theircounterparts.Conclusion: We concluded that MRI is better non-invasive diagnostic tool for multiple ligament knee injuriesthan clinical examination which provides with the information of ligaments involved, grade of involvement andis cost effective.
Lysophosphatidylcholine metabolism in the rabbit heart. Characterization of metabolic pathways and partial purification of myocardial lysophospholipase-transacylase.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Metabolism of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), recently implicated in arrhythmogenesis, was characterized in rabbit ventricular homogenates. Activities of four enzymatic pathways were distinguishable after subcellular fractionation and DEAE-Sephacel chromatography including microsomal lysophospholipase, microsomal acyl coenzyme A/LPC acyltransferase, cytosolic lysophospholipase, and cytosolic lysophospholipase-transacylase. Microsomal lysophospholipase activity was attenuated 81% by acidosis comparable to that in ischemic myocardium (pH 6.5) and was inhibited by substrate. LPC acyltransferase was identified in the microsomal fraction based on CoA-dependent phosphatidyl choline synthesis, the positional specificity of acylation of LPC, and identical reaction velocities with both of its labeled co-substrates. LPC acyltransferase had a Vmax of 5.1 nmol/mg/min, a broad pH optimum centered at pH 7, and an apparent Km for LPC and palmitoyl-CoA of 14 microM and 7 microM. Cytosolic lysophospholipase was separated from lysophospholipase-transacylase by DEAE-Sephacel chromatography and distinguished from microsomal lysophospholipase by its broad pH activity curve, Michaelis-Menten kinetics (Vmax = 9.5 nmol/mg/min, Km = 7.5 microM), and lack of substrate inhibition. Lysophospholipase-transacylase was identified in the cytosolic fraction by CoA-independent phosphatidyl choline synthesis and purified 4885-fold from homogenate by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-Sephacel, hydroxylapatite, gel filtration, and polylysine chromatography. The partially purified enzyme had a transacylase/lysophospholipase activity ratio of 0.6, and transacylation of LPC was prominent at submicellar concentrations of substrate.
STUDY IN VITRO ON LICORICE REDUCE SUPEROXIDE FREE RADICALS

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This experiment is to study the Chinese herbal medicine licorice. First, extract the three kinds of materials from licorice: glycyrrhizic acid, glycyrrhentinic acid and total flavonoids from licorice. Second, NBT Photoreduction method was used to examine the reducing abilities on oxygen radicals of these three extractives and compute the restrain rate. The results indicate that glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhentinic have no ability to reduce oxygen radicals,but total flavonoids from licorice has the ability to reduce oxygen radicals.
Differential methylation and altered conformation of cytoplasmic and nuclear forms of protein phosphatase 2A during cell cycle progression.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) appears to be involved in the regulation of many cellular processes. Control mechanisms that lead to the activation (and deactivation) of the various holoenzymes to initiate appropriate dephosphorylation events remain obscure. The core components of all PP2A holoenzymes are the catalytic (PP2Ac) and 63-65-kD regulatory (PR65) subunits. Monospecific and affinity-purified antibodies against both PP2Ac and PR65 show that these proteins are ubiquitously localized in the cytoplasm and the nucleus in nontransformed fibroblasts. As determined by quantitative immunofluorescence the core subunits of PP2A are twofold more concentrated in the nucleus than in the cytoplasm. Detailed analysis of synchronized cells reveals striking changes in the nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio of PP2Ac-specific immunoreactivity albeit the total amounts of neither PP2Ac nor PR65 in each compartment alters significantly during the cell cycle. Our results imply that differential methylation of PP2Ac occurs at the G0/G1 and G1/S boundaries. Specifically a demethylated form of PP2Ac is found in the cytoplasm of G1 cells, and in the nucleus of S and G2 cells. In addition nuclear PP2A holoenzymes appear to undergo conformational changes at the G0/G1 and G1/S boundaries. During mitosis PP2A is lost from the nuclear compartment, and unlike protein phosphatase 1 shows no specific association with the condensed chromatin.
THE EFFECT OF TRI HITA KARANA-BASED PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODEL ON ECOLOGICAL ATTITUDES AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper discusses the effect of Tri Hita Karana-based problem-based learning model on ecological attitudes and natural science (IPA) learning outcomes. The research type is a quasi-experimental with non-equivalent post-test-only control group design. The research population is 135 students, while the research sample is 61 students. The sampling technique used cluster random sampling techniques. Data collection methods were questionnaires and tests. Data on ecological attitudes were collected by questionnaire, while data on students' natural science (IPA) learning outcomes were collected by natural science (IPA) learning outcomes test. The data analysis used was Manova. Based on the research that has been conducted, it is concluded that 1) there is a significant effect of the Problem-Based Learning model based on Tri Hita Karana on students' ecological attitude, 2) there is a significant effect of Tri Hita Karana-based Problem-Based Learning model on students' natural science (IPA) learning outcomes, and 3) simultaneously, there is a significant effect of Tri Hita Karana-based Problem-Based Learning model on students' ecological attitudes and natural science (IPA) learning outcomes.
Generation of a C-3‘-Thymidinyl Radical in Single-Stranded Oligonucleotides under Anaerobic Conditions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

[reaction: see text] A C-3'-thymidinyl radical has been photochemically generated site-specifically in DNA oligonucleotides. A nucleoside H-phosphonate bearing a C-3' acetyl group was incorporated into DNA oligomers using a hand-coupling technique. When nucleotides containing the modified monomer were photolyzed (> or =320 nm) in the presence of a hydrogen atom donor, reduction products were detected by RP-HPLC and MALDI-ToF MS analysis.
Petition of Shubael Gorham

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

<p>Petition subject: Servitude </p> <p>Original: <a href="http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL:26855846">http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL:26855846</a> </p> <p>Date of creation: 1739-05 </p> <p>Petition location: [Barnstable county] </p> <p>Selected signatures:<ol><li>Shubael Gorham</li></ol> </p> <p>Actions taken on dates: 1739-07-06,1739-07-07,1739-07-09 </p> <p>Legislative action: Received and read in the Council on July 6, 1739 and received and read and granted in the House on July 7, 1739 and sent for concurrence and received and read and concurred in the Council on July 9, 1739 </p> <p>Total signatures: 1 </p> <p>Legislative action summary: Received, read, received, read, granted, sent, received, read, concurred </p> <p>Legal voter signatures (males not identified as non-legal): 1 </p> <p>Female only signatures: No </p> <p>Identifications of signatories: Esqr sheriff of the county of Barnstable & keeper of his majties goal in sd town </p> <p>Prayer format was <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printing">printed</a> vs. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscript">manuscript</a>: Manuscript </p> <p>Native American tribe: Mashpee </p> <p>Acknowledgements: Supported by the National Endowment for the Humanities (PW-5105612), Massachusetts Archives of the Commonwealth, Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University, Center for American Political Studies at Harvard University, Institutional Development Initiative at Harvard University, and Harvard University Library.</p> <p>Additional archivist notes: Shuball Gorham, permission to sell David Stevens of Chatham into indentured servitude, servants, could not pay his prison fees, jails, imprisonment, accused of murdering another Indian, Samuel Thornshill, Samuel Thomshill, Samuel Tompshill, Samuel Tornpshill, Samuel Sion, Samuel Lion, Samuel Lyon, jury, special verdict, murder, manslaughter, escape, sentenced him to be burnt with a hot marking iron and to pay costs of prosecution, ten years, Boston, jails, county courts, court of general sessions of the peace, Provincetown, Province Town, Samuel Thompson, John Quincy, John Chandler, Jonathan Belcher, [additional documents in volumes, see pages 231-233] </p> <p>Location of the petition at the Massachusetts Archives of the Commonwealth: Massachusetts Archives volume 31, pages 228-230a </p>
Coarse-Grained Model for Simulation of RNA Three-Dimensional Structures

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The accurate prediction of an RNA’s three-dimensional structure from its “primary structure” will have a tremendous influence on the experimental design and its interpretation and ultimately our understanding of the many functions of RNA. This paper presents a general coarse-grained (CG) potential for modeling RNA 3-D structures. Each nucleotide is represented by five pseudo atoms, two for the backbone (one for the phosphate and another for the sugar) and three for the base to represent base-stacking interactions. The CG potential has been parametrized from statistical analysis of 688 RNA experimental structures. Molecular dynamic simulations of 15 RNA molecules with the length of 12−27 nucleotides have been performed using the CG potential, with performance comparable to that from all-atom simulations. For ∼75% of systems tested, simulated annealing led to native-like structures at least once out of multiple repeated runs. Furthermore, with weak distance restraints based on the knowledge of three to five canonical Watson−Crick pairs, all 15 RNAs tested are successfully folded to within 6.5 Å of native structures using the CG potential and simulated annealing. The results reveal that with a limited secondary structure model the current CG potential can reliably predict the 3-D structures for small RNA molecules. We also explored an all-atom force field to construct atomic structures from the CG simulations.
Establishment of A Monoclonal Antibody_based AC_ELISA to Detect M.gallisepticum in Egg Yolk

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

An antigen_capture ELISA(AC_ELISA) was developed for titration of M.gallisepticum in egg yolk.The plates were coated with polyclonal anti_M.gallisepticum serum and reacted with M.gallisepticum antigens,which were detected with species_specific monoclonal antibodies to M.gallisepticum,followed by anti_rat enzyme_labelled conjugate antiserum(IgG).The procedure in detecting the bacteria in egg yolk was accomplished in 6 hours,and showed to be more sensitive than the conventional culture method.Egg yolk samples collected from eggs were tested for M.gallisepticum by the method and showed a positive rate of 62%.The results demonstrated that the AC_ELISA has rapid,sensitive and simple advantages for monitoring chicken flocks and detecting M.gallisepticum in eggs.