jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Riboflavin excretion in normal and diabetic rats.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Twenty-four hour urinary excretion of riboflavin was determined in normal and short-term and long-term streptozotocin diabetic rats. Compared to non-diabetic rats (controls), short-term (1 week) diabetic rats had no increased urinary riboflavin. In contrast, long-term (20 week) diabetic rats excreted significantly elevated levels of urinary riboflavin. Results suggest that the reported riboflavin deficiency seen in chronic diabetes may be related to augmented urinary excretion of riboflavin.
Antibodies to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in wild rodent sera in Egypt.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Specific antibodies to lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus were detected in sera of wild rodents trapped in different regions of Egypt. The highest proportion of positive sera (11.5%) was found in Sinaa Governorate of the Asian Continent, followed by Sharkia Governorate (5.6%) adjacent to Sinaa and Giza Governorate (1.8%). In Upper Egypt, however all 610 rodent sera collected in Aswan, Red sea Pernees and New Valley adjacent to Sudan were negative. The highest percentage of positive sera was in Rattus rattus frugivorus and Mus musculus species.
What makes Narrative differences in stories of women's adversity -Focused on Sukhyangieon and Barigongju

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

본고는 고소설과 서사무가의 서사갈래에 따른 여성 고난 서사의 구조적 차이를 밝히고자 한다. 이를 위해서 유사한 서사 구조와 모티프를 가지되 다른 서사갈래에 해당하는 <숙향전>과 <바리공주>를 비교분석한다. 고소설은 불특정 다수가 향유한 상업적 오락물로서 속(俗)의 질서 안에서 향유된 서사갈래이다. 이러한 특징은 고소설이 오락성, 통속성을 추구하고 시대정신과 유교 질서에서 벗어나지 않는 서사를 지향하도록 만들었다. 이에 고소설을 ‘속(俗)’의 서사갈래로 설명될 수 있다. 서사무가는 특정 상황, 무속적 규약 및 기원이라는 공통의 목적을 공유하는 특정 다수가 향유한 신의 내력담으로서 성(聖)의 질서에서 향유된 서사갈래이다. 이러한 특징은 서사무가가 통속성을 지양하되 신성성을 추구하고 무속 질서에 부합하는 서사를 지향하도록 만들었다. 이에 서사무가는 ‘성(聖)’의 서사갈래로 설명될 수 있다. 이러한 고소설과 서사무가의 서사갈래의 차이는 유사한 모티프를 갖는 <숙향전>과 <바리공주>에 구조적 차이를 만든다. 첫 번째로, 서사갈래의 차이는 여성 고난 서사에서 ‘고난’의 의미 차이를 만든다. 고소설인 <숙향전>에서 고난은 흥미유발을 위한 소재인데, <바리공주>에서 고난은 인간이 신이 되기 위한 통과의례의 과정이다. 두 번째로, 서사갈래의 차이는 서사 지향성의 차이를 만든다. <숙향전>에서는 도교적·무속적 소재들이 나오더라도 거시적으로는 유교 질서에 부합하는 정절, 효(孝), 충(忠)의 서사로 귀결된다. 반면 <바리공주>에서는 유교 질서에 부합하는 효(孝) 이야기로 서사가 시작되더라도 무속 질서로 귀결된다. 세 번째로, 서사갈래의 차이는 인물들의 인물 형상의 차이를 만든다. <숙향전>에서 숙향과 이선은 재자가인(才子佳人)으로 묘사되는데 반해 <바리공주>에서 바리공주와 무장신선은 무섭지만 신성한 형상으로 묘사된다. 네 번째로, 서사갈래의 차이는 신분상승 유형 차이와 주인공의 좌정 여부의 차이를 만든다. <숙향전>에서 숙향은 정렬부인, 정렬왕비가 되어 세속적 차원의 신분상승을 이루지만 <바리공주>에서 바리공주는 무조신이 되어 종교적 차원의 신분상승을 이룬다. 또한 숙향은 신으로 좌정하지 못하고 바리공주는 신으로 좌정하게 된다.
The Source of Organisms in the Post‐prostatectomy Bacteriuria of Patients with Pre‐operative Sterile Urine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Ninety patients undergoing prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with sterile urine pre‐operatively were prospectively studied for post‐prostatectomy bacteriuria; 26 of 90 patients (29%) developed bacteriuria (18 of 64 after transurethral resection (TUR) and 8 of 26 after open prostatectomy), of whom 15 had pre‐operative indwelling urethral catheters. The correlation of bacteriuria with several factors was studied, namely the presence of a histological inflammatory reaction within the prostatic adenoma, prostatic tissue culture, intraoperative outgoing irrigation fluid culture, intra‐operative blood culture and post‐operative external meatal swab culture. The only significant correlation was between bacteriuria and meatal cultures. It was concluded that post‐prostatectomy bacteriuria is probably caused by post‐operative ascending infection along urethral catheters. There was not enough evidence to ascribe bacteriuria to pre‐existing septic foci within the adenoma. Intra‐operative contamination and infection from distant foci were also unlikely causes.
Managers' responses to the initial stages of the Covid-19 pandemic: an executive coaching perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose This research investigates how the Covid-19 pandemic initially affected organisational managers, as seen from their executive coaches' perspective by asking: (1) What challenges did managers experience during the initial stages of the Covid-19 pandemic? and (2) How did coaching foster crisis management skills during this time? Executive coaches are in a unique, confidential and professionally intimate position to observe their clients' thoughts, emotions and behaviours. Design/methodology/approach Using an interpretivist approach, interviews conducted with 26 executive coaches from the USA, UK, Australia and South Africa during the initial stages of the pandemic (first three weeks of April 2020) were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings Coaches observed how the Covid-19 pandemic caused managers to experience a tension between managing their staff, their own bosses and themselves. Ranging from logistical challenges to personal fear, uncertainty and loss of identity, managers confided in and relied on their coaches to help them to reflect, provide support, but also challenge them to take a forward-looking stance. Findings were interpreted through the lenses of crisis management and coaching efficacy theory. Crisis management theory is extended by suggesting that greater priority must be given to managers' personal well-being and by adding coaching as a new intervention to develop crisis management skills. Coaching theory is extended by showing that executive coaching can foster certain crisis management skills and that the benefits of coaching in non-crisis times are also relevant during a crisis. Practical implications Managers, their leaders, executive coaches and purchasers of coaching services, such as human resource practitioners, should take note of the challenges managers face during crises. They should consider executive coaching as a support intervention to foster requisite crisis management skills. Originality/value The findings provide novel, empirical evidence suggesting that executive coaching could foster crisis management skills. The unique Covid-19 context provides rare insights into managerial thinking, emotions and behaviour during extreme crisis situations, contributing to the design of appropriate support interventions.
Cancer care delivery in prisons: From barriers to best practices.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

49 Background: Cancer is the leading cause of death in US prisons. Incarcerated patients with cancer have 92% higher 5-year mortality than the general population with cancer, but little is known about how to improve cancer screening, diagnosis and treatment in this high-risk population. Methods: We conducted interviews with state prison medical directors and primary care clinicians, and medical, radiation and gynecologic oncologists who coordinate or provide cancer care for individuals incarcerated in prison. Participants were recruited via 1) email invitation to participants at a correctional health conference, 2) purposeful sampling using targeted emails to clinicians in prison systems selected for diversity in size, geography and correctional health model (e.g., contracted care), and 3) snowball sampling of individuals from research and participant networks. Participants were interviewed about 1) logistics of cancer care delivery from screening and treatment through end-of-life care, 2) barriers and facilitators to cancer care delivery, and 3) evidence-based strategies to facilitate cancer care in prisons, including best practices. Interview transcripts were analyzed using mixed inductive/deductive thematic content analysis to identify emerging themes. Results: 34 participants from 16 prison systems were interviewed (10 medical directors, 6 PCPs, 14 oncologists, 4 other). Participants reported prison clinicians coordinate most cancer care (e.g., screening, diagnosis and symptom management), while cancer treatment largely occurs in community or academic facilities outside of prison. Common barriers identified included underscreening / delays in diagnosis, complex logistical coordination, poor communication (between patients and oncologists, and prison clinicians and oncologists), inadequate symptom management, dehumanizing practices, loss-to-follow-up after release and that patients often come from marginalized populations. Common facilitators were better access to insurance, cancer screening, and general medical and cancer care than incarcerated patients might receive before/after incarceration. Participants identified multiple ways to improve cancer screening (creating enforceable standards, increasing continuing medical education, implementing electronic medical record reminders, reducing logistical barriers), cancer treatment (implementing navigators within prisons and cancer centers, prioritizing care with oncologist input, keeping care in prisons, decarceration), and transitions to the community (Medicaid activation prior to release, community partnerships to facilitate care transitions). Conclusions: Incarceration imposes multiple barriers to cancer care delivery, but clinicians identified numerous tools to improve cancer care in prison. Future studies should test and optimize these strategies to improve cancer outcomes for incarcerated patients.
Effect of Mixed Complexing Agents on Electroless NiB Plating.

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Based on the results of previous single complexing agents, we prepared mixed complexing agents for electroless NiB plating based on sodium citrate, and studied their characteristics. Complexing agents were mixed as follows: sodium citrate-sodium malonate, sodium citrate-glycine, sodium citrate-diethylenetriamine. The deposition rate from the mixed complexing agent bath was influenced by pH and complexing agent concentration, and mainly corresponded to mixed behavior except for sodium citrate-diethylenetriamine. The boron content of deposited films gradually increased with increasing sodium citrate concentration for the mixed complexing agent. The carbon content was highest as 0.72wt% at a ratio of 1:1 for sodium citrate-diethylenetriamine. The microstructure and crystallization by heat-treatment of NiB films mainly depended on boron content for the mixed system. Codeposited carbon in NiB films may also affect the microstructure and crystallization behavior.
Accounting for value-based management of healthcare services: challenging neoliberal government from within?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Management scholars have inspired a new series of reforms that, under the heading of ‘value-based management’, seeks to link hospital funding to accounts of actual treatment outcomes and costs. Based on the Danish experience, this paper suggests that the shift from a pay-for-performance system based on narrow conceptions of output, such as the number of patients treated, to one measuring actual health outcomes for patients is promising. However, the requirement for extensive knowledge linking health outcomes to full cycle treatments and their costs significantly challenges the adoption of a fair pay-for-performance system.
New applications for phosphoric acid fuel cells

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

New applications for phosphoric acid fuel cells were identified and evaluated. Candidates considered included all possibilities except grid connected electric utility applications, on-site total energy systems, industrial co-generation, opportunistic use of waste hydrogen, space and military applications, and applications smaller than 10 kW. Applications identified were screened, with the most promising subjected to technical and economic evaluation using a fuel cell and conventional power system data base developed in the study. The most promising applications appear to be the underground mine locomotive and the railroad locomotive. Also interesting is power for robotic submersibles and Arctic villages. The mine locomotive is particularly attractive since it is expected that the fuel cell could command a very high price and still be competitive with the conventionally used battery system. The railroad locomotive's attractiveness results from the (smaller) premium price which the fuel cell could command over the conventional diesel electric system based on its superior fuel efficiency, and on the large size of this market and the accompanying opportunities for manufacturing economy.
Security information sharing for the polish power system

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Polish Power System is becoming increasingly more dependent on Information and Communication Technologies which results in its exposure to cyberattacks, including the evolved and highly sophisticated threats such as Advanced Persistent Threats or Distributed Denial of Service attacks. The most exposed components are SCADA systems in substations and Distributed Control Systems in power plants. When addressing this situation the usual cyber security technologies are prerequisite, but not sufficient. With the rapidly evolving cyber threat landscape the use of partnerships and information sharing has become critical. However due to several anonymity concerns the relevant stakeholders may become reluctant to exchange sensitive information about security incidents. In the paper a multi-agent architecture is presented for the Polish Power System which addresses the anonymity concerns.
The Impact of Stalinism, 1949–53

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Central Europe before 1945 was dominated by Germany but afterwards it became more and more usual to speak of Eastern and Western Europe — Germany had been cut up and part of it belonged to Eastern and part of it to Western Europe. As Germany was torn asunder, traditional links were disrupted and new ones forged with the respective Great Power. As time passed the division of Germany began to take on an air of permanence as the political, economic and social development of the two states — one striving to become a liberal democracy, the other socialist — pulled them further and further apart. The poor resource base of the GDR meant that she had to import much of her energy and essential raw materials. Since the Western Powers had imposed an embargo on the export of strategic and other important goods the GDR was forced to look increasingly to the East for her imports and exports. As time passed she added economic as well as political dependence on the Soviet Union. If the years 1947–9 had seen the Soviet model trumpeted abroad, then the following four years saw an attempt to impose full-blown Stalinism on the GDR. However when the Soviet dictator died in March 1953 the GDR had still not become totally Stalinist.KeywordsMass OrganisationGerman Democratic RepublicPeace TreatyFree ElectionYouth MovementThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
LHD lhdcxs6-sif #134072.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Charge eXchange Spectroscopy (CXS) system, which consists of diagnostic beam, object lens, optical fiber bundle array, spectrometer, CCD detector and controllers, to measure radial profiles of ion temperature, poloidal/toroidal plasma rotation velocities, and impurity density (carbon or helium) using charge exchange collisions between neutral beam and impurities.
Virtual Democracy at the Clinton White House: An Experiment in Electronic Democratisation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsKenneth L. HackerKenneth L. Hacker is Assistant Professor and Michael A. Todino a Ph.D. student in the Department of Communication Studies, New Mexico State University, Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003.
A case report of Williams syndrome with main clinical manifestation of hypercalcemia and gastrointestinal bleeding as the main clinical manifestations, and with an accompanying literature review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Williams syndrome is an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder caused by a 1.5–1.8 Mb deletion on chromosome 7q11.23. It is characterized by facial deformations, cardiovascular abnormalities, developmental delays, gastrointestinal manifestations, and endocrine disorders. Case description A 1‐year‐old child presenting with developmental delays, special facial features, gastrointestinal bleeding, renal calcium deposition, and hypotonia was admitted to the hospital for “hypercalcemia and gastrointestinal bleeding.” Genetic testing showed a deletion mutation in the 7q11.23 region. Currently, the child receiving treatment to promote calcium excretion and rehabilitation training, but hypercalcemia has recurred. Conclusion The clinical phenotype of Williams syndrome is complex, and different severities, characterized by developmental delays, facial deformities, cardiovascular abnormalities, gastrointestinal symptoms and endocrine disorders, should be considered in children. The syndrome may require thorough genetic testing for diagnosis and early intervention treatment to improve patient quality of life.
Penerapan Prinsip Khalalan Toyyibah Dalam Mengonsumsi Prodak

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research aims to explore the Khalalan Toyyibah principles in the context of product consumption using a qualitative approach, through in-depth analysis of related literature. The research method used is library research with analysis of secondary data from various sources such as books, journals and related publications. The results show that the application of the Khalalan Toyyibah principle provides broad benefits and has a significant positive impact, including ensuring the consumption of food that is halal, healthy and beneficial for the body according to religious teachings, improving individual and collective health, as well as ensuring cleanliness, justice and continuity of the production chain. and distributing food. However, there are challenges in its implementation, such as higher production costs, time constraints, and minimal socialization and community participation in maintaining the sustainability of local halal food. In conclusion, joint efforts from various parties are needed to overcome these challenges and strengthen the implementation of the Khalalan Toyyibah principles for holistic, spiritual and social welfare in Muslim society. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendalami penerapan prinsip Khalalan Toyyibah dalam konteks konsumsi produk dengan pendekatan kualitatif, melalui analisis mendalam terhadap literatur terkait. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah library research dengan analisis data sekunder dari berbagai sumber seperti buku, jurnal, dan publikasi terkait. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa penerapan prinsip Khalalan Toyyibah memberikan manfaat yang luas dan dampak positif signifikan, termasuk memastikan konsumsi makanan yang halal, sehat, dan bermanfaat bagi tubuh sesuai ajaran agama, meningkatkan kesehatan individu dan kolektif, serta mempromosikan kebersihan, keadilan, dan keberlanjutan dalam rantai produksi dan distribusi makanan. Namun, terdapat tantangan dalam implementasi, seperti biaya produksi yang lebih tinggi, keterbatasan waktu, dan minimnya sosialisasi dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam menjaga keberlangsungan pangan halal lokal. Kesimpulannya, diperlukan upaya bersama dari berbagai pihak untuk mengatasi tantangan tersebut dan memperkuat penerapan prinsip Khalalan Toyyibah demi kesejahteraan holistik, spiritual, dan sosial dalam masyarakat Muslim.
Ontogeny and distribution of cell-wall glycans during aerenchyma formation in roots ofPistia stratiotes(Araceae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Aerenchyma is widely known to be lysigenous, schizogenous or, more recently, expansigenous. The interpretation and understanding of its function is questionable, given the lack of extensive knowledge on the development and cellular changes of this tissue. The aerenchyma of Pistia stratiotes roots reportedly originates from packet lysigeny. However, our observations suggest schizogenous development. Our objective was to analyse ontogeny of aerenchyma in P. stratiotes roots and evaluate the morphological and chemical changes in the cell wall during the formation of aerenchyma. The aerenchymatous inner cortex of schizogenous origin was observed under light and electron microscopy. Lacunae are formed by the separation, division and stretching of cells, which remain alive until maturity. Analyses using monoclonal anti-glycan antibodies show that formation of that type of aerenchyma apparently proceeds through the same mechanisms as the genesis of intercellular spaces. However, the greatest changes occur when cells undergo stretching, including the loss of methyl-esterification and detection of arabinans, which are not directly involved in cell separation. Thus, other factors may account for the formation of schizogenous aerenchyma.
Effect of High Dietary Copper on Fatty Acid Composition of the Chick

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Three experiments were conducted to study the effect of varying levels of dietary copper on fatty acid composition of adipose and liver tissue of male broiler chicks. Chicks were fed the experimental diets to 4 weeks at which time leg adipose and liver samples were obtained for fatty acid determination. Adding 500 or more p.p.m. copper to either a practical or corn starch-soy basal diet caused significant changes in fatty acid composition but the differences were variable perhaps due to a depression of growth caused by these levels of copper. Fatty acid composition of the tissue was not greatly affected by adding 250 p.p.m. of copper to the practical diet which contained 1.5% poultry fat. When a corn starch-soy diet was fed with 0, 2, or 8% added corn oil, the ratio of 16:0 + 18:0 to 16:1 to 18:1 was not lowered in leg adipose lipids by copper supplementation (250 p.p.m.) with any level of added corn oil. With liver lipids copper appeared to reduced the ratios in birds fed the diets with 0 or 2% added corn, but the differences were not statistically significant. The results indicate that using copper levels in practical diets that do not depress growth rate will not have much effect on fatty acid composition of carcass lipids and probably not on physical characteristics of the fat.
A Firm-Level Panel Study for India

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Traditionally, firms in India have shown a low preference towards debt financing, despite its advantages. Using panel data from 450 firms during 1992-93 and 2003-04, we attempt to identify factors which could explain the pattern of financing of manufacturing firms in India and the key determinants of their debt structure. We examine the roles of age of the firm, long term borrowing and net sales in affecting its debt structure.