jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the effect of direct oral anticoagulant availability on hospital presentations for bleeding related to oral anticoagulation in South Australia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Direct oral anticoagulant drugs ( DOAC s) are known to improve clinical outcomes and decrease bleeding rates compared with warfarin. The effect of the introduction of DOAC s into Australian general prescribing practice on anticoagulant‐related hospital presentations related to bleeding is unknown. Aim This study compared the rate of anticoagulant‐related hospital presentations related to bleeding for DOAC s and warfarin in South Australia. Methods A retrospective observational cohort study across metropolitan tertiary hospitals identified hospital presentations related directly to an anticoagulant bleeding event. Presentation rates were calculated against prescribing quantities from Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme data. Data were collected across two periods: January–June 2013 (warfarin‐only prescribing) and January–June 2015 (combined warfarin and DOAC prescribing). The main outcome measure was the number of hospital presentations per 100 patient‐years of prescribed anticoagulant therapy. Results For the total study period, the overall hospital presentation rate for any DOAC use was 0.52 per 100 patient‐years, compared with 1.51 per 100 patient‐years for warfarin (incidence rate ratio 2.89; 95% confidence interval 2.02–4.12; p < 0.001). One hospital presentation was associated with each 67 years of warfarin use, and 192 years of DOAC use. The mean cost associated with warfarin and DOAC hospital presentations was similar ($3705 and $3671 respectively; p = 0.69). There were a further 0.28 presentations per 100 patient‐years for the management of supratherapeutic International Normalised Ratios in warfarin users, at a cost of $3233 per episode. Conclusion The use of DOAC s in general practice in the Australian setting is associated with decreased anticoagulant‐related hospital presentations for bleeding.
The influence of simultaneous lateral grafting on clinical outcomes following one‐stage implant placement A cross‐sectional analysis

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Background: The effect of lateral bone augmentation procedures performed simultaneously with implant placement on clinical treatment outcomes is scarce. Aim/Hypothesis: To investigate the influence of lateral bone augmentation procedures performed simultaneously with implant placement on peri-implant health or disease. Materials and Methods: A total of 232 patients showing the same type of a specific one-piece implant placed either simultaneously with lateral bone grafting using a bovine bone mineral and a native collagen membrane (n = 291 implants; test group) or at pristine bone sites without lateral bone grafting (n = 283 implants; control group) were enrolled in this cross-sectional analysis. Clinical out-comes (i.e., modified plaque INDIAx (mPI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and mucosal recession (MR)), and the frequency of peri-implant disease were evaluated after a mean follow-up period of 9.97 ± 6.55 years. Results: No differences were found between the patients in the test and control groups for any investigated parameter (i.e., mPI, BOP, PD, MR). For the implants in both groups, PD values of 4-6 mm were more frequently noted in the upper jaw (test: P = 0.001; control: P = 0.001). A correlation between increased PD values and a larger implant diameter was noted (P = 0.004) for the test implant sites. Reduced KM width (< 2 mm) was associated with a higher risk of soft-tissue recession for implants in the test and control groups (test: P = 0.001; control: P = 0.001). The estimated incidence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis was 68% and 5% for the patients in the test group and 61% and 10% in the control group, respectively. Conclusions and Clinical Implications: Simultaneous lateral grafting was associated with peri-implant tissue health and stability.
Changes in the Lament Dances in Aceh

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter examines changes in Acehnese lament dances, with particular emphasis on the ways in which aspects of religion, ethnicity, class, gender, sociopolitical conditions, and the activities of some remarkable individual women have enabled the survival of song-dances such as manoe pocuk, malelang, and phô over the past three to four centuries. It also considers how individual women have transformed the meaning and style of phô to become a symbol of female Acehnese identity. The manoe pocuk, malelang, and phô song-dances are performed at life-event ceremonies such as weddings, baby thanksgivings, circumcisions, and vow fulfillment ceremonies. A shaman assists the host of the feast to engage the services of a group of singer-dancers by uttering invocations before the betel-nut preparations are exchanged with the group's leader. The chapter shows how references to the indigenous religion and Hinduism are made in some performances of all three song-dances, but with phrases and references added that reflect the people's strong adherence to Islam.
DeKalb County

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Flights flown between July 13, 1939 and September 4, 1939 by Midwest Aerial Surveys, Inc., for the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Adjustment Administration. Photos numbered BWR-1-3 through BWR-6-64. Scale not given. Stereoscopic coverage. Only indexes are georeferenced.
X-Ray Induced Electron Emission From Metals

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Report on energy and angular distributions of electrons emitted from metals irradiated by photons in the X-ray. Energy and angular distributions of electrons (energies greater than 5 keV) emitted from metals irradiated by photons in the X-ray energy range were measured with a lithium-drifted silicon detector. The data presented here characterize electron emission distributions for normal photon incidence. They provide a systematic set of absolute distributions for quantitative comparisons to theoretical treatments of the combined photon and electron transport process. X-ray bremsstrahlung spectra with mean photon energies of 30 keV and 54 keV were used to induce electron emission from aluminum, copper, silver, and tantaium. Angular distributions from the higher-Z materials are found to be nearly cosine distributions in both the forward and backward emission directions, while the distributions are more nearly isotropic for the lower-Z materials. Energy distributions are observed to change very little as a function of emission angle. Energy and angular distributions calculated by Monte Carlo and analytic techniques show good correlation with the measured distributions. Calculated forward and back (2π) emission efficiencies agree with experimental values within the uncertainties of these quantities(± 15 to 20 percent). The generally good agreement between the experimental and theoretical results establishes the validity of the present calculationa1 techniques for high energy (greater than 5 keV) X-ray induced electron emission from metals.
Optimal energy management of a photovoltaic stand-alone dual battery system

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The paper introduces a new optimal energy management method for photovoltaic stand-alone dual battery systems. The method exploits a predictive state of charge (SOC) model to implement the control algorithm. To validate the proposed algorithm a stand-alone photovoltaic system has been modeled. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations based on a probabilistic model of the solar radiation have been performed. The results have shown the validity of the proposed control strategy over other methods based on voltage control only.
Image 3_The benefits of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of suspicious breast lesions.jpeg

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background<p>Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) shows potential for the differential diagnosis of breast lesions in general, but its effectiveness remains unclear for the differential diagnosis of lesions highly suspicious for breast cancers.</p>Objective<p>This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of CEUS in differentiating pathological subtypes of suspicious breast lesions defined as category 4 of US-BI-RADS.</p>Methods<p>The dataset of 150 breast lesions was prospectively collected from 150 patients who underwent routine ultrasound and CEUS examination and were highly suspected of having breast cancers. All lesions were pathologically confirmed by US-guided needle biopsy and surgery. The qualitative features and the quantitative parameters of CEUS of these breast lesions were analyzed. The CEUS and biopsy examinations were performed after informed consent.</p>Results<p>In the qualitative features, crab clam-like enhancement, the presence of more than two enhanced vessels within lesions, and surrounding enriched vessels inserting into lesions were able to differentiate atypical fibroadenomas (FIB) and mass-like non-puerperal mastitis (NPM) from invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC) and ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS) (p < 0.05). The enlarged scope, irregular shape, and perfusion deficiency were valuable to the differential diagnosis of FIB from the others (p < 0.05). In the four quantitative parameters of CEUS, only the peak intensity (IMAX) contributed to the differential diagnosis between malignant and benign tumors (p < 0.05, ROCAUC: 0.61, sensitivity: 60.4% and specificity: 65.9%, accuracy: 62.1%). However, IMAX did not show any difference in the paired comparison of IDC, DCIS, FIB, and NPM (p > 0.05). The logistic regression analysis results showed that heterogeneous perfusion, crab clam-like enhancement, and partial_ IMAX were independent risk factors for benign and malignant breast lesions (p < 0.05). The area under a receiver operating characteristic of the integrated model was 0.89. In the diagnosis of benign and malignant pathological subtypes of breast lesions, independent risk factors and integrated models had no statistical significance in the diagnosis of IDC and DCISs, FIB, and NPM (p > 0.05).</p>Conclusion<p>Some qualitative risk features of CEUS can distinguish malignant breast lesions from NPM and atypical FIB with a high score of US-BI-RADS, aiding physicians to reduce the misdiagnosis of suspicious breast lesions in clinical practice.</p>
Maximum Entropy Models, Dynamic Games, and Robust Output Feedback Control for Nonlinear Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we develop a framework for designing controllers for general, partially observed discrete-time nonlinear systems which are robust with respect to uncertainties (disturbances). A general deterministic model for uncertainties is introduced, leading to a dynamic game formulation of the robust control problem. This problem is solved using an appropriate information state. We derive a partially observed nonlinear stochastic model as the maximum entropy stochastic model for the nonlinear system. A risk-sensitive stochastic control problem is formulated and solved for this partially observed stochastic model. The two problems are related using small noise limits. These small noise asymptotics are for the first time justified as the appropriate randomization, using time asymptotics of the Lagrange multipliers involved in the maximum entropy model construction. Thus for the first time a complete unification of deterministic and randomized uncertainty models is achieved. Various interpretations, consequences and applications of this unification are explained and discussed
Giving something to be seen: Virginia Woolf and photography

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The articles presented here aim at seeing how photographic vision shaped Virginia Woolf’s literary aesthetics, her relation to language and characterisation, and her approach of literary representation and life writing. Woolf’s relation to photography is threefold: she practices the art of mechanical reproduction (taking and developing photographs, making photo albums), a praxis which is enriched by a strong family heritage and fostered by the contemporary Kodak culture; she is immersed in a photo culture which embraces 19th-century and 20th-century aesthetics, and nurtures her theoretical and literary reflexions; and she uses photo images as rhetorical tools in the iconotexts she publishes with the Hogarth Press. Focusing on Woolf studies on photography, Julia Margaret Cameron’s legacy, the intricate links between photography and biographical writing, and interruptive stylistics in Jacob’s Room, the four contributions further Maggie Humm’s pioneering work and provide renewed perspectives on Woolf’s complex relation to photography.
TransUNet for Precise and Robust GI tract Segmentation in MRI Images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Medical image processing is revolutionizing Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer radiation therapy by enabling precise targeting of high X-ray beam dosages to the tumors while protecting the surrounding healthy organs. However, the manual segmentation of healthy organs at risk from MR-Linac images is a time-consuming process that can delay treatment and increase patient suffering. Deep learning-based medical image processing algorithms have the potential to automate the segmentation of organs at risk, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of GI cancer radiation therapy. Every day, the MR-Linac, a cutting-edge MRI technology, tracks the ever-changing positions of tumors. This advanced tool empowers medical professionals to fine-tune cancer treatments with remarkable precision. This study presents a TransUNet model, a combination of transformer architecture with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). TransUNet achieves remarkable results in segmenting and labeling different regions within images by integrating the spatial comprehension of CNNs with the self-attention mechanisms of transformers. Our research compares the TransUNet model with various combinations of loss functions. The model outperforms with Dice+BCE loss function.
Role of Emotion Regulation in the Genetic Vulnerability to Conditioned

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Fear conditioning serves as a model for understanding fear and anxiety acquisition and extinction, with exposure therapy being the primary approach for anxiety disorders. However, some patients do not fully recover, leading to concerns about fear recurrence. Recent research has turned its focus to genetic factors, particularly the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT), and emotion regulation as potential determinants of treatment outcomes. This study examines the role of the 5-HTT gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR), with a focus on individuals carrying the S allele known for heightened fear acquisition and reduced extinction. Additionally, cognitive reappraisal, an emotion-regulation technique, is explored for its potential to enhance exposure therapy. The primary objective is to investigate how individuals with the S allele of 5-HTTLPR respond to cognitive reappraisal during fear acquisition, extinction, and reinstatement. A social conditioning task using still faces as conditioned stimuli and insulting videos as unconditioned stimuli is employed. It is hypothesized that S allele carriers can effectively regulate fear through reappraisal, despite their increased fear acquisition and reduced extinction. Findings reveal that S-allele carriers exhibit higher trait, state, and social anxiety, along with an increased expectation of unpleasant interactions in social situations. They also demonstrate a delay in fear extinction. However, when all participants, regardless of their genetic makeup, utilize cognitive reappraisal, fear extinction improves significantly, as evidenced by reduced expectancy of aversive outcomes. This suggests that training individuals with anxiety disorders in cognitive reappraisal techniques, particularly S-allele carriers, may compensate for deficits in fear extinction in anxiety-provoking social contexts. This study deepens our understanding of the interplay between genetic factors, emotion regulation, and fear conditioning, with potential implications for enhancing exposure therapy effectiveness for anxiety disorders, especially in individuals with a genetic predisposition for heightened fear responses.
Structure and function of yeast tRNA ligase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The gene for yeast tRNA ligase has been sequenced and its transcription start sites have been mapped. Three other open reading frames in the vicinity of the tRNA ligase gene were characterized. One open reading frame, ORF4, is the yeast ARG3 gene. ORF1 is probably not transcribed or translated in yeast. ORF2 is an unidentified but essential gene in yeast. A deletion of the central 200 amino acids has been engineered in the ligase protein. This deletion protein, designated DAC, was characterized in the in vitro tRNA splicing reaction with regard to the structure of the joined tRNA product. Cofactor requirements for tRNA joining activity and polynucleotide kinase activity were also determined. DAC possesses a GTP-dependent joining activity that is not manifested by wild-type ligase. In addition, both the wild-type and DAC proteins exhibit polynucleotide kinase activities that are more efficient with GTP than with ATP. Joining reactions with wild-type ligase indicate that joining of tRNA halves is more efficient in the presence of both GTP and ATP than with either cofactor alone. Wild-type tRNA ligase can incorporate they-phosphate of GTP into the splice junction of joined tRNA, but only when ATP is also provided. The ligase protein contains two distinct nucleotide triphosphate binding sites- one specific for GTP and one specific for ATP. A revised mechanism for tRNA splicing in yeast is presented.
Generalized two-tier relevance filtering of computer game update events

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work-in-progress paper we present a relevance filtering scheme for a two-tier server architecture optimized for massive multiplayer online games. We distinguish between interest management of server tier game state and bandwidth adaptation of concentrator tier client link thresholds, making the concentrator tier totally application independent. An initial prototype has been implemented, demonstrating significant reductions in update event rate without loss of playability.
High-resolution and symmetry-resolved N and O K-edge absorption spectra of NO

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

High-resolution electron-yield and ‘‘symmetry-resolved’’ ion-yield spectra have been measured at the N and O K edges of a 2Π open-shell molecule, NO. Several Rydberg transitions converging to the 3Π and 1Π ionization thresholds are found. The core-to-valence and core-to-Rydberg transitions are interpreted with the help of ab initio self-consistent-field configuration-interaction and frozen-core calculations for the core-excited states with three open shells. It is found that the equivalent-core model (N*O=O2) breaks down in discussing the state ordering of the three N 1s–2pπ* excited states, 2Δ, 2Σ−, and 2Σ+. It is important to consider explicitly the core hole and the exchange repulsion between the core and π* electrons.
Mapping Of Genes Controlling Senescence In Maize (Zea Mays L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The goal of this project was to use linkage mapping to locate the gene associated with senescence in maize. Senescence is a highly regulated process of cellular death in which as many resources are recycled as possible. It occurs naturally for a multitude of reasons but, after the grains mature in the maize plant, the leaves being to senesce. The mutagen ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) was added to maize in order to produce random nucleotide substitutions in the maize’s genome. Plants that showed early senescence were identified by visual screening. PCR was used to amplify the DNA of non-mutated and mutated plants and the results were visualized by gel electrophoresis. The mutants were then scored to determine their genetic makeup followed by linkage mapping to locate the mutated gene. The exact location of the gene was not identified but it was determined that it lies on maize's second chromosome.
QUICK RESPONSE CODE

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

www.ijpsr.com A simple, fast and precise reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FEXO) and Montelukast Sodium (MONT). Efficient chromatographic separation was achieved on phenomenex C18 column (150mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm) as stationary phase with a mobile phase comprising of 0.5 % Orthophosphoric acid pH adjusted to 6 (tri ethyl amine): Acetonitrile(40:60 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0mL min-1, column temperature of 25°C and UV detection at 240 nm. The retention time of and Fexofenadine hydrochloride and Montelukast Sodium were 2.7 min, and 4 min respectively.The linearity were found to be in the range of 72-120 μg/ml and 6-10 μg/ml Fexofenadine Hydrochloride and Montelukast Sodium respectively with correlation co efficient of 0.999. The proposed method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity. All validation
Terminology identification dataset KAS-term 1.0

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The dataset contains 22,950 term candidates extracted from 15 Slovenian PhD theses. The term candidates are of length 1 to 4, extracted via morphosyntactic patterns and the frequency threshold of 3. The PhD theses are from the areas of chemistry, computer science and political science. Each of the term candidates is annotated by four annotators as being (1) in-domain term, (2) out-of-domain term, (3) general academic term or (4) not a term. Each term candidate is also annotated with its frequency in the PhD thesis and 7 statistical measures. The resource can serve as a training set for supervised learning of term extraction and for terminology extraction tool benchmarking.
AFFECTIVE AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTIONS OF THE GIARDIASIS INFECTION AMONG ORPHANAGE CHILDREN IN SHARKIA GOVERNORATE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study determined the affective disorders (anxiety & depression) and neuropsychological cognitive dysfunctions of Giardia infection among orphanage children.The sample included 294 infected children and 200 uninfected children recruited from four orphanages in Sharkia District, Egypt.Children between 5-12 years old, both sexes without social limitation were subjected to the study.Morning stool samples were collected in labeled cartoon boxes and examined for intestinal parasites mainly Giardia lamblia.Also, all children were subjected to the cognitive dysfunction determination by using the Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST), detection of affective disorders by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).The results showed lower performance in Giardia infected group than the giardiasis-free ones regarding neuropsychological tests.The infected children showed lower performance than uninfected ones on Trial A and Trail B, but higher anxiety and depression score than uninfected children.