jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Radiolytic Synthesis of Pt-Particle/ABS Catalysts for H2O2 Decomposition in Contact Lens Cleaning

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A container used in contact lens cleaning requires a Pt plating weight of 1.5 mg for H2O2 decomposition although Pt is an expensive material. Techniques that decrease the amount of Pt are therefore needed. In this study, Pt nanoparticles instead of Pt plating film were supported on a substrate of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer (ABS). This was achieved by the reduction of Pt ions in an aqueous solution containing the ABS substrate using high-energy electron-beam irradiation. Pt nanoparticles supported on the ABS substrate (Pt-particle/ABS) had a size of 4–10 nm. The amount of Pt required for Pt-particle/ABS was 250 times less than that required for an ABS substrate covered with Pt plating film (Pt-film/ABS). The catalytic activity for H2O2 decomposition was estimated by measuring the residual H2O2 concentration after immersing the catalyst for 360 min. The Pt-particle/ABS catalyst had a considerably higher specific catalytic activity for H2O2 decomposition than the Pt-film/ABS catalyst. In addition, sterilization performance was estimated from the initial rate of H2O2 decomposition over 60 min. The Pt-particle/ABS catalyst demonstrated a better sterilization performance than the Pt-film/ABS catalyst. The difference between Pt-particle/ABS and Pt-film/ABS was shown to reflect the size of the O2 bubbles formed during H2O2 decomposition.
SensEURCity: A multi-city air quality dataset collected using networks of open low-cost sensor systems

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

We provide a unique curated dataset of urban air quality measurements acquired using dense networks of low-cost sensor systems in three European cities for the years 2020 and 2021. The dataset includes the raw sensor data of quality-controlled sensor networks along with co-located reference data sets. Sensor data are collected using the AirSensEUR sensor system, including sensors to monitor NO, NO2, O3, CO, PM2.5, PM10, PM1, CO2, and meteorological parameters. In total, 85 sensor systems were deployed throughout the years 2020 and 2021 in three European cities (Antwerp , Oslo and Zagreb), resulting in a dataset comprising different meteorological and ambient conditions. The main data collection included two co-location campaigns in different seasons at an air quality monitoring station in each city and a deployment at different locations in each city (including also locations at other air quality monitoring stations). The dataset consists of data files with sensor and reference data, and metadata files with description of locations, deployment dates and description of sensors and reference instruments.
Using flotation in ethanol to separate filled and empty seeds of Pinus nigra ssp. pallasiana.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In this study, the separation of filled and empty seeds of Crimean pine (Pinus nigraArn. ssp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) by flotation in ethanol and the effect of this treatment on seed germination were investigated. Flotation tests in 96% ethanol by the density method and then germination tests were made on the seeds from three Crimean pine provenances of southern Turkey. In the flotation tests, 97.92% of the filled seeds sank in ethanol and 98.73% of the sunken seeds were filled seeds as the general mean values of all the provenances. Germination percentages of the flotation in ethanol and control treatments were 98.03 and 98.62%, and germination energies were 82.12 and 79.45%, respectively, in the general mean. While there was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) between the flotation and control treatments in terms of germination percentage for all three provenances, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) for two provenances; however, there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) for one provenance in favour of the flotation treatment in terms of germination energy. The results of the study indicated that filled seeds of Crimean pine could be separated from empty seeds at a very high proportion by flotation in ethanol and this treatment did not affect negatively the germination percentage and germination energy of the seeds.

Key words: Crimean pine, filled seed, flotation method, ethanol, germination.
Punitive emotions and norm violations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract The recent literature on social norms has stressed the centrality of emotions in explaining punishment and norm enforcement. This article discusses four negative emotions (righteous anger, indignation, contempt, and disgust) and examines their relationship to punitive behavior. I argue that righteous anger and indignation are both punitive emotions strictly speaking, but induce punishments of different intensity and have distinct elicitors. Contempt and disgust, for their part, cannot be straightforwardly considered punitive emotions, although they often blend with a colder form of indignation to favor low-cost, indirect, and collective forms of punishment such as mockery, exclusion, and ostracism. Keywords: emotionsocial normpunishmentostracismangerindignationcontemptdisgust Acknowledgements I thank Luc Faucher, Christine Clavien, and two anonymous referees for helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. I am grateful to Chad Horne and Kyle Menken for comments and editorial support. This work was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Fonds québécois de la recherche sur la société et la culture.
Validity and reliability of standing balance control measurement on the left unilateral spatial neglect model

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: The present study developed a head-mounted display with the visual direction of a web camera modified to the right as a left unilateral spatial neglect (USN) model with respect to postural balance control. AIM: We aimed to estimate the validity and reliability of center of pressure (CoP) measurements in static standing balance (SSB) and dynamic standing balance (DSB) of healthy participants were using the USN model and to examine whether this model's use influenced postural balance control. METHOD: A portable CoP force plate was used to quantify postural balance control in 64 healthy participants as the model. The CoP displacement of the non-USN and USN models in the medial-lateral (ML) and anterior-posterior (AP) planes, CoP length, and bilateral load ratio in SSB and DSB to the right (R) and left (L) were evaluated. RESULTS: Regression analysis indicated that most CoP measurements have excellent concurrent validity. Bland–Altman plots showed good agreement between the non-USN and USN models in the CoP measurements. Test-retest reliability estimation between two times measurements varied in the frontal and sagittal planes. A Comparison of the results demonstrated that the CoP-AP and CoP length changed (-1.40% and 7.67%, respectively) significantly in SSB (P<0.05). Moreover, the CoP-AP changed very significantly in DSB-R and DSB-L (-1.50% and 1.86%, respectively) in opposite directions (P<0.01) when the subjects performed as the model. CONCLUSION: CoP measurements are valid and reliable to quantify standing balance control in both non-USN and USN models that appear to modulate changes in postural adaptation and adjustment.
Analysis and Modeling of SiC JFET Bi-Directional Switches Parasitic Oscillation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Silicon carbide (SiC) junction field-effect transistor (JFET) based bi-directional switches (BDSs) have great potential in the construction of several power electronic circuits, including matrix converters, multi-level converters, solid state breakers, and so on. Parasitic oscillation in SiC JFET-based BDSs has direct impact on the stability and reliability of these circuits. Proper handling of parasitic oscillation becomes highly critical. This paper focuses on the parasitic oscillation suppression in SiC JFET-based BDSs. A parallel snubber capacitor or a series ferrite ring was often used to damp parasitic oscillation in switching circuits in the literature. However, conventionally, the snubber capacitance was obtained by time-consuming and labour-intensive trial-and-error methods. The main contribution of this study is to derive the simplified equivalent transient circuit of the SiC JFET-based BDS considering all parasitic elements and quantitatively define the reasonable range of the snubber capacitance. And the combined effect of the selected snubber capacitance and the selected ferrite ring is investigated. In the end, simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Efforts in Reducing the Urge of Using Gadgets among Vocational High School Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The role of vocational high schools in producing reliable workforce is highly expected. Gadgets are one of the tools used by vocational high school students in their daily lives. Gadgets can help in the learning process. However, there are indications that students tend to overuse gadgets. This overuse has caused problems, for example, in their social relationship. Efforts to reduce the use of gadgets are therefore needed so that the students are able to improve their skills in building a social relationship. This community service activity was intended to reduce the urge to use gadgets by students in their daily lives. The activity was divided into two parts. The first part included discussion with the principal and a teacher and the second part discussion with students. The participants of the activity were the school principal, a teacher, and 36 students of the vocational high school in Belitung. Interactive group discussions were used as the method in this program. In addition, a questionnaire was used to obtain a description of students’ experiences and their opinions about the time of using gadgets. The activity resulted in the decision made by the principal and the teacher to implement a plan to reduce the urge of using gadgets by students while at school. Students also tended to agree on reducing the urge to use gadgets. However, the maximum duration of time per day for students to be able to use gadgets still needed further discussion, because students inclined to disagree with the limit of three hours per day. From this activity it was concluded that the interactive discussions among researcher, principal, teacher, and students could reduce the urge to use gadgets by students while at school.
Construction of a Convenient Screening Method for P-Hydroxybenzoate Hydroxylase To Enable Efficient Gallic Acid and Pyrogallol Biosynthesis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Gallic acid (GA) and pyrogallol are phenolic hydroxyl compounds and have diverse biological activities. Microbial-based biosynthesis of GA and pyrogallol has been emerged as an ecofriendly method to replace the traditional chemical synthesis. In GA and pyrogallol biosynthetic pathways, the low hydroxylation activity of p -hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase (PobA) towards 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,4-DHBA) limited the high-level biosynthesis of GA and pyrogallol. Results This work reported a high active PobA mutant (Y385F/T294A/V349A PobA) towards 3,4-DHBA. This mutant was screened out from a PobA random mutagenesis library through a novel naked eye visual screening method. In vitro enzyme assay showed this mutant has a k cat / K m of 0.059 μM -1 s -1 towards 3,4-DHBA, which was 4.92-fold higher than the reported mutant (Y385F/T294A PobA). Molecular docking simulation provided the mechanism explanation of the high activity. Expression of this mutant in E. coli BW25113 (F’) can generate 830 ± 33 mg/L GA from 1000 mg/L 3,4-DHBA. After that, we utilized this mutant to assemble a de novo GA biosynthetic pathway. Subsequently, this pathway was introduced into a 3,4-DHBA-producing strain ( E. coli BW25113 (F’)Δ aroE ) to achieve 301 ± 15 mg/L GA production from simple carbon sources. Similarly, assembling this mutant into a de novo pyrogallol biosynthetic pathway enabled 129 ± 15 mg/L pyrogallol production. Conclusions This work established an efficient screening method and generated a high active PobA mutant. Assembling this mutant into GA and pyrogallol biosynthetic pathways achieved the de novo production of these two compounds. Besides, this mutant has great potential for GA or pyrogallol derivatives production. The screening method could be used for other GA biosynthesis-related enzymes.
Teleradiology and picture archiving and communications systems: Changed pattern of communication between clinicians and radiologists

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In a few years all radiology departments in Norwegian hospitals will have a picture archiving and communications system (PACS). This depends on telecommunications with great capacity for transmitting radiology images. The new technology questions the need for daily meetings between radiologists and clinicians, ‘clinico-radiological conferences’. Qualitative interviews were performed with 23 resource persons experienced with problems related to PACS and teleradiology. The response rate was 91 %. In all, 29% answered that the clinico-radiological conferences could be abolished, 52% replied no and 19% replied both yes and no. The clinico-radiological conferences could be abolished for some clinical departments, but only after consultation between radiology and clinical departments. If the conferences are abolished, clinicians and radiologists may spend more time on treatment and interpretation, with a probable productivity gain.
Case report: Portal and systemic venous gas in a patient with perforated duodenal ulcer: CT findings

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gas within the portal circulation has been known to be associated with a number of conditions most commonly mesenteric ischemia and necrosis. Systemic venous gas is described with few conditions and is mostly iatrogenic in nature. We describe a case of combined portal and systemic venous gas detected by computed tomography in a patient with perforated duodenal ulcer.
Eco-trackers as an effective tool for the development of eco-friendly habits in school students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Экологические проблемы с каждым годом становятся более значимыми. Каждый человек должен понимать, что эти проблемы касаются его лично. Для формирования эко-привычек можно использовать удобные приложения для телефона — экотрекеры. Они помогают понять, что значит жить экологично, отследить свои успехи на этом пути. Использование метода интервью показало, что мои сверстники и педагоги не знали о существовании таких приложений как экотрекеры, но высказали готовность их использовать. Большинство респондентов хотели бы сформировать у себя привычки по экономии электроэнергии и воды. Но не все экотрекеры можно использовать в школе, поэтому я разработал приложение для персонального компьютера «Школьный экотрекер», которое адресовано школьникам и направлено на формирование у них простейших эко-привычек. В период с февраля по май 2022 года я провел интервью и онлайн-анкету, по итогам которых установил, что «Школьный экотрекер» является востребованной программой для работы в школьном классе. Онлайн опрос учеников и учителей показал, что школьный экотрекер должен помогать формировать экологические привычки, содержать экологические советы, знакомить с правилами экологичного поведения и с эко-праздниками. Также были высказаны предложения включить в экотрекер информацию об экологических играх и интересные факты про экологию. «Школьный экотрекер» содержит экологический журнал, в котором учащиеся с помощью педагога фиксируют экологические действия, а потом отмечают их выполнение. В моем приложении есть рубрика «Эко-челлендж», выполнение заданий которой даст возможность учащимся расширить свой экологический кругозор, освоить простейшие экологические правила.
Holographic Flavored Quark-Gluon Plasmas

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Holography provides a novel method to study the physics of Quark Gluon Plasmas, complementary to the ordinary field theory and lattice approaches. In this context, we analyze the informations that can be obtained for strongly coupled Plasmas containing dynamical flavors, also in the presence of a finite baryon chemical potential. In particular, we discuss the jet quenching and the hydrodynamic transport coefficients.
Cubic and non-cubic multiple-q states in the Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the pyrochlore lattice

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The ordering of the classical Heisenberg model on the pyrochlore lattice with the antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor interaction J1 and the ferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbour interaction J2 is investigated by means of a mean-field analysis and a Monte Carlo simulation. For a moderate J2/J1-value, the model exhibits a first-order transition into an incommensurate multiple-q ordered state where multiple Bragg peaks coexist in the spin structure factor. We show that there are two types of metastable multiple-q states, a cubic symmetric sextuple-q state and a non-cubic symmetric quadruple-q state. Based on a Monte Carlo simulation, we find that the cubic sextuple-q state appears just below the first-order transition temperature, while another transition from the cubic sextuple-q state to the non-cubic quadruple-q state occurs at a lower temperature.
The Naturalization of Aquitaine Coast

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In 1966, the senior official Philippe Saint-Marc was selected by Olivier Guichard, the government delegate for territory planning and regional action, to implement an “inter-ministerial assignment for developing the Aquitaine coast.” Saint-Marc called upon the conservation services of the National Museum of Natural History to collect data on a specific part of the territory – the Aquitaine hinterland, characterized by its abundance of ponds and marshlands. In this area one finds side by side the logic of public development and the logic of naturalistic exploration. This article describes the first phase of the mission from 1964 to 1969, which also marks the beginning of public inventories compiled by the museum. “The spirit of the mission” in this specific case, refers as much to the administrative model as to improvising protocols in order to gather naturalist data.
RTP emitter diffusion in an industrial process

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Solar cells of 12.5/spl times/12.5 cm/sup 2/ have been fabricated combining industrial processing with rapid thermal emitter diffusion (RTP) in a Vortek arc lamp furnace. Best cells had an efficiency of 11% at a cycle time for the diffusion process of 2.5 minutes, which is less than 1/5th of the conventional diffusion time. Compared to a reference group, in which the emitter was diffused in a classical belt furnace, this was a reduction in efficiency of only 1% absolute. Internal quantum efficiency measurements showed an increased blue response for cells with an RTP emitter, which can be attributed to a reduced emitter thickness. However, the effective diffusion length of the RTP cells was considerably lower than that of the conventional cells.
How Would You Manage This Patient With Decreased Bone Density? Grand Rounds Discussion From Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Osteoporosis is a skeletal condition characterized by low bone mass and fragility resulting in an increased risk for fracture. It affects all bones, but fractures most often occur in the hip and spine. Osteoporosis is common in postmenopausal women, with estrogen deficiency thought to be a major contributing factor. Screening for osteoporosis with bone densitometry is recommended in all women 65 years of age or older and in postmenopausal women younger than 65 who are at increased risk. In 2023, the American College of Physicians published updated guidance on the pharmacologic treatment of osteoporosis. Among the recommendations was for clinicians to take an individualized approach regarding whether to start treatment with a bisphosphonate in women older than 65 years with osteopenia (a lesser degree of bone loss) to reduce the risk for fractures. Here, 2 bone endocrinologists debate how to manage a patient with both osteopenia and osteoporosis on bone densitometry. They discuss how to interpret and address these findings.
Progressive contractions, measures of non-compactness and quadratic integral equations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Classical fixed point theorems often begin with the assumption that we have a mapping P of a non-empty, closed, bounded, convex set G in a Banach space into itself.Then a number of conditions are added which will ensure that there is at least one fixed point in the set G .These fixed point theorems have been very effective with many problems in applied mathematics, particularly for integral equations containing a termbecause such terms frequently map sets of bounded continuous functions into compact sets.But there is a large and important class of integral equations from applied mathematics containing such a term with a coefficient function f (t,x) which destroys all compactness.Investigators have then turned to Darbo's fixed point theorem and measures of non-compactness to get a (possibly non-unique) fixed point.In this paper: a) We offer an elementary alternative to measures of non-compactness and Darbo's theorem by using progressive contractions.This method yields a unique fixed point (unlike Darbo's theorem) which, in turn, by default yields asymptotic stability as introduced in [1].b) We lift the growth requirements in both x and t seen using Darbo's theorem.c) We offer a technique for finding the mapping set G .
Replication Data for: Human-crocodile conflict in Solomon Islands

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Between April and August 2018, 822 people (472 men and 350 women) were interviewed in seven provinces on the incidence and characteristics of saltwater crocodile attacks on humans in Solomon Islands. The results are alarming: a total of 225 crocodile attacks on people were recorded. Thirty-six percent of these attacks are fatal. Without effective measures to ensure people’s safety, it’s likely that the frequency of saltwater crocodile attacks will increase in the coming years. WorldFish collected this data in 2018 in cooperation with the Ministry of Environment, Climate Change, Disaster Management and Meteorology (MECDM) and the Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources (MFMR) in the context of the ‘Strengthening coastal and marine resource management in the Coral Triangle of the Pacific’ project funded by ADB.
Concentration Characteristics in an Unsteady Impinging Jet

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To improve the combustion efficiency in a direct injection engine, it is important to improve the mixture formation on the combustion chamber wall. In the gas injection in the atmosphere flow is high-speed and analysis is difficult. Then, the jet is changed into the low-speed liquid injection in liquid by the similarity rule of a flow. The influence by the angle of a plate (modeled the piston head) analyzed the concentration characteristic of an unsteady impinging jet with the photograph visualized by the laser light sheet method of Ar+. Understood the process of development of the unsteady jet by after injection start. Development of the unsteady jet by the difference in the angle of plate was also observed. It becomes a clue in a solution to the trade-off of NOx and soot from the concentration character of unsteady impinging jet.