jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Affinity Studies and Open Systems: A Non-equilibrium, Ecocritical Reading of Goethe's Faust

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Ecocriticism’s contributions to the current rejection of dualistic thinking are noteworthy, particularly when this interdisciplinary field concentrates on hybridity and “relations” that preexist essences. In this mode, ecocriticism participates in a broader development of “affnity studies” that encompass the many efforts across the disciplines toward reconfiguring our “intraactions” with the world in terms that avoid dichotomies and Newtonian linearity and that utilize instead nonlinear, nondualistic forms of “hybridity.” Hybrids, in Steve Hinchliffe’s words, are “more or less durable bodies made up of similarly hybrid and impermanent relations.
The healing of full-thickness articular cartilage defects in rabbits: successful results with fibroblast growth factor.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The application of bFGF promoted regeneration of articular cartilage and led to successful cartilaginous resurfacing of defects within 12 weeks. We suggest that bFGF when combined with periosteal grafts may have excellent repair capacity in the restoration of osteochondral defects.
Absorbency and adsorption of poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) superabsorbent

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)(PAAAM)resin was prepared from acrylic acid(AA)and acrylamide(AM)by inverse suspension polymerization.The adsorption of metal ions on PAAAM resin differed greatly at different pH values and initial concentrations.This provided a theoretical basis for the application of PAAAM resin to separate transitional metal ions Cu2+,Ni2+,Co2+.The selectivity for competitive adsorption on PAAAM resin in Cu2+,Ni2+ and Co2+ binary and ternary mixed ion solutions were investigated.It was found that there was higher selectivity on PAAAM resin for Cu2+ ions compared with other metal ions used in this study.
Malignant Melanoma of the Sinonasal Mucosa: Two Case Reports and a Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Malignant melanoma of the sinonasal cavity is an uncommon disease, and therefore a limited amount of data exists regarding its optimal treatment. The course of the disease is highly variable. Individual survival is also highly variable, but the overall prognosis is poor, probably because patients generally present at a late stage and because the disease has a proclivity for distant dissemination. We describe 2 recent cases of primary malignant melanoma of the sinonasal mucosa, and we review the literature.
Statistical fission parameters for nuclei at high excitation and angular momenta

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Experimental fusion/fission excitation functions are analyzed by the statistical model with modified rotating liquid drop model barriers and with single particle level densities modeled for deformation for ground state (${a}_{\ensuremath{\nu}}$) and saddle point nuclei (${a}_{f}$). Values are estimated for the errors in rotating liquid drop model barriers for the different systems analyzed. These results are found to correlate well with the trends predicted by the finite range model of Krappe, Nix, and Sierk, although the discrepancies seem to be approximately 1 MeV greater than the finite range model predictions over the limited range tested. The a priori values calculated for ${a}_{f}$ and ${a}_{\ensuremath{\nu}}$ are within \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2% of optimum free parameter values. Analyses for barrier decrements explore the importance of collective enhancement on level densities and of nuclear deformation in calculating transmission coefficients. A calculation is performed for the $^{97}\mathrm{Rh}$ nucleus for which a first order angular momentum scaling is used for the $J=0$ finite range corrections. An excellent fit is found for the fission excitation function in this approach. Results are compared in which rotating liquid drop model barriers are decremented by a constant energy, or alternatively multiplied by a constant factor. Either parametrization is shown to be capable of satisfactorily reproducing the data although their $J=0$ extrapolated values differ markedly from one another. This underscores the dangers inherent in arbitrary barrier extrapolations.NUCLEAR REACTIONS Deduced corrections to rotating liquid drop model barriers for selected data sets via statistical model fitting. Considered uncertainties due to collective enhancement of level densities, deformation effects on transmission coefficients. Compared deduced corrections to predictions of the finite range model.
On the biological basis of gender variation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Studies stemming from very diverse disciplines and theories have found that the differences between men and women affect practically all the aspects of their personalities. Many of these studies have discovered that with regard to language quite large differences have been found. These are related to four facets of the individual: biological, psychological, cultural and social. In this paper, we concentrate on a point of view which we could refer to as ?cultural with a biological base'and we examine this in a study of the verbal ambiguity produced by the absence of the pronoun yo ?I'in two urban areas of the Canary Islands.
The Use of Composite Materials in 3D Printing

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays, all production, from the smallest ones to large companies, and research activities are affected by the use of 3D printing technology. The major limitation, in order to cover as many fields of application as possible, is represented by the set of 3D printable materials and their limited spectrum of physico-chemical properties. To expand this spectrum and employ the 3D-printed objects in areas such as biomedical, mechanical, electronical and so on, the introduction of fibers or particles in a polymer matrix has been widely studied and applied. In this review, all those studies that proposed modified polymer presenting advantages associated with rapid prototyping are reported.
HUBUNGAN RESPONSE TIME PERAWAT DENGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN KELUARGA PASIEN KATEGORI TRIAGE KUNING DI IGD RUMAH SAKIT DAERAH BALUNG

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

An emergency is a clinical situation that requires immediate medical intervention to save lives and prevent disability. There are many complaints filed by families of patients who feel they do not get service even though they come early, this is due to several factors including internal factors and external factors. The length of service in the emergency room causes the patient's family to be anxious because they do not immediately get treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the nurse's response time and the anxiety level of the family of patients in the yellow triage category in the emergency room of Balung Regional Hospital. This research design is a correlation with a crosssectional approach. The population of this study was 701 respondents with a sample of 70 respondents. The sampling technique used was non probability sampling with purposive sampling approach. The instruments in this study were questionnaires and observation sheets. The results of the Spearman's Rho statistical test with α = 0.05 obtained p value = 0.001 and r = 0.401 which means that response time has a moderate relationship with the patient's family anxiety level. The conclusion is that there is a relationship between response time and the anxiety level of the family of patients in the yellow triage category at the Emergency Room of Balung Regional Hospital.
Dural Arterio-venous Malformation.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Received; 25.01.2015; Revised; 16.03.2015; Accepted: 23.03.2015 5 years old male, presented with history of headache for 7 days which was becoming severe in intensity and not getting relieved with analgesics. There was also history of several episodes of vomiting, diplopia and imbalance while walking for 4 days. There was a past history of fall 12 years back when he had sustained a head injury. At presentation he was conscious. He had bilateral horizontal gaze palsy, vertical nystagmus, bifacial weakness, dysphagia and dysarthria, suggestive of lower cranial nerve involvement. He also had ataxia of gait. MRI brain revealed a dural Arterio-venous fistula (DAVF) in the r ight temporal lobe and the r ight cerebellar hemisphere with markedly dilated draining veins and a large draining vein is seen posterior to the brainstem (Figure 1) with evidence of edema in the pons (Figure 2) and right cerebellum. His digital subtraction angiography revealed dural AVM with venous loop (Figure 3). He underwent AVM embolization and was managed with steroids and anti -epi leptics . Post-Intervention CT was negative for bleed (Figure 4). Patient improved gradually. His bulbar weakness and facial weakness improved. Recovery o f o p h t h a l m o p l e g i a w a s s l o w . Arteriovenous malformations of the brain are congenital vascular lesions that affect 0·01–0·5% of the population, and are generally present in patients aged 20–40 years.1 The true incidence of DAVFs is unknown. However, the reported incidence of intracranial DAVFs is approximately 10-15% of all intracranial vascular abnormalities. They were thought to be congenital in origin and to be associated with other vascular lesions. Now various etiologies are postulated: e .g. , anomalies of venous system, venous thrombosis, head trauma, surgery, pregnancy, cortical vein thrombosis etc. Symptoms of DAVFs may be characterized further as either nonaggressive (e.g., tinnitus) or aggressive (e .g . , intracerebral , subarachnoid, or subdural hemorrhage a n d n e u r o l o g i c d e f i c i t s ) . T h e s e aggressive features are usually due t o ve n o u s h y p e r t e n s i o n . D i g i t a l subtraction angiography remains the gold standard for diagnosing these fistulas. Endovascular treatment is one of the first-line options available for their management.
Fig. 3. Stenocactus obvallatus. A in Effect of Gerstaeckeria bifasciata (Gerstaecker, 1860) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae) Herbivory on a Globose Cactus in Guanajuato, Mexico

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fig. 3. Stenocactus obvallatus. A) Without feeding damage, B) After six months of herbivory by Gerstaeckeria bifasciata (some spines removed to better observe damage).
Using Surface Deformation To Estimate Reservoir Dilation: Strategies To Improve Accuracy

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Summary Reservoir dilat(at)ions, which are induced by a variety of subsurface injection operations, propagate to the surrounding formations and extend up to the ground surface, resulting in surface deformations. The surface deformations can be measured using various technologies and can be inverted to infer reservoir dilations (volume change distribution). This paper discusses the mathematical aspects of the inverse process in detail and investigates factors affecting the accuracy of the inverse solution through a parametric study. Based on results of the parametric study, the volume change distribution in the lateral direction can be estimated with both high accuracy and high resolution by applying the Tikhonov regularization technique. The volume change distribution in the vertical direction can also be resolved to a certain extent by providing further information regarding the desired solution in terms of an initial estimate. Strategies to improve accuracy of the inverse solution in the lateral as well as in the vertical directions are also discussed.
A comparison of differential reinforcement of other behavior and response interruption and redirection on vocal stereotypy

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Vocal stereotypy is a common problem behavior among persons with autism spectrum disorder and can prove to be a fairly difficult behavior to treat. One of the main reasons that this behavior is often challenging is that it is usually maintained by the sensory consequences that it produces. Response interruption and redirection and differential reinforcement of other behavior are two treatments which have been shown to be effective in reducing stereotypy. RIRD is often a staff intensive procedure which can be difficult to implement and may not always be done with 100% procedural integrity. While DRO is an easier procedure for staff to implement it is not always as effective when used on its own. This study is a comparison of RIRD and DRO in the treatment of vocal stereotypy using an ABAB design, alternating the treatments during the B phase. Three students with autism spectrum disorder that exhibit high rates of vocal stereotypy were chosen as participants. Stereotypy decreased with both treatments for all three participants. For one participant RIRD was more successful throughout the entire study, while for the other two DRO was at times more effective but not consistently. Results for both DRO and RIRD are effective treatments for decreasing stereotypy in persons with autism spectrum disorder with RIRD as a possibly more reliable treatment.
Effect of Dissolved O2 levels in a Nutrient Solution on the Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Tomato and Cucumber Seedlings.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

栄養生長と生殖生長のバランスが崩れて過繁茂になりやすい果菜類の湛液水耕での生長調節をDOによって行うためには, 一定レベルの低DOに対する作物の生長および生理的反応を明らかにする必要がある. そこで, トマト'ハウス桃太郎'とキュウリ'シャープI'の幼植物を, DOを1,2,4,8ppmに調節した湛液水耕 (液温は, トマトでは22°Cと30°Cとし, キュウリでは25°Cと33°Cとした) で8日間栽培し, 生育と葉および根の無機成分濃度を調査した. その結果, トマトは, 液温にかかわらず2ppm以下で生育が不良になり, 葉身の含水量や無機成分濃度が低下した. キュウリでも液温が33°Cの場合は2ppm以下で生育が抑制されたが, 25°Cの場合は1ppmでもほぼ正常に生長し,葉身含水率や無機成分濃度も影響を受けなかった. 以上の結果から, 湛液水耕でDOによって栄養生長を調節する場合, トマトでは2ppm前後を目安にすればよいと思われるが, キュウリでは1ppm以下に下げる必要があると判断される.
Interview with Lana Wachowski

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this original, in-person interview with Cáel M. Keegan, Lana Wachowski discusses her filmmaking career as a transgender and queer writer and director. Topics covered include Sense8’s cancellation by Netflix, Bound’s twentieth anniversary and the legacy of New Queer Cinema, Wachowski’s interest in creating mainstream queer work, the relationship between gender and genre in her cinema, the challenges and joys of making both The Matrix and Cloud Atlas, and the links between transgender imagination, utopianism, and science fiction. Wachowski also discusses the limitations of cinema as a product, identity versus the perception of identity, her aesthetics of assault, the experience of directing sexuality in cinema, and the importance of empathy in creating both art and art criticism.
The Extended Classroom: Meeting students’ needs using a virtual environment

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this article we outline some of the potentialities and barriers of 3D immersive virtual environments when used in a learning context. Classrooms can be extended - from physical to virtual space in order to fulfill students' needs and to facilitate a more collaborative learning style. Setting up a tutorial in a virtual environment has some complexity but the gains are well worth the effort. Immersive learning allows us to learn in 1st person, allow us to have control over what we want to learn, how and when. The use of virtual environments allows students to participate in richer interactions at times that are more convenient to their work/study patterns, with no physical restrictions.
IL-17A blockade or deficiency does not affect progressive renal fibrosis following renal ischaemia reperfusion injury in mice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives IL-17A contributes to acute kidney injury and fibrosis. Therefore, we asked whether IL-17A deficiency or treatment with a IL-17A blocking antibody impacts severe renal ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI) and the progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods IL-17A-deficient and wild-type (WT) mice underwent transient unilateral renal pedicle clamping for 45 min to induce IRI and subsequent renal fibrosis. Furthermore, a neutralizing anti-IL-17A antibody (mAb) was injected into WT mice before induction of renal IRI intravenously. On days 1, 7 and 21, inflammation, fibrosis, leukocyte infiltration and pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokine expression were assessed in kidneys using histology, qPCR and flow cytometry. Key findings IL-17A was significantly increased after renal IRI in WT kidneys. Levels of pro-inflammatory (MCP-1) cytokine and pro-fibrotic (collagen 1α1, fibronectin) transcripts were similar in the experimental groups studied. IL-17A deficiency had no effect on renal T-cell influx or the number, inflammatory phenotype, or spatial distribution of macrophages. Similarly, administration of an IL-17A blocking antibody did not attenuate inflammation. Conclusions Despite the effects of IL-17 in other inflammation models, neither genetic IL-17A deficiency nor treatment with an IL-17A blocking antibody attenuated IRI and progression to CKD. We conclude that in severe renal IRI IL-17A is not crucially involved in disease progression.
Evidence for a Strong Association of Short-Duration Intense Rainfall with Urbanization in the Beijing Urban Area

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Correlations of the urban heat island intensity (UHII) and key surface variables with the short-duration intense rainfall (SDIR) events are examined for the Beijing urban areas by applying hourly data of a high-density automatic weather station (AWS) network. Higher frequencies (amounts) of the SDIR events are found in or near the central urban area, and most of the SDIR events begin to appear in late evening and nighttime, but tend to end in late night and early morning. Correlations of the UHII with the SDIR frequency (amount) are all highly significant for more than 3 h ahead of the beginning of the SDIR events. Although the UHII at immediate hours (<3 h) before the SDIR occurrence is more indicative of SDIR events, their occurrence more depends on the magnitude of the UHII at earlier hours. The UHII before the beginning of the SDIR events also shows high-value centers in the central urban area, which is generally consistent with the distribution of the SDIR events. The spatial and temporal patterns of regional SDIR events exhibit similar characteristics to the site-based SDIR events and also show a good relationship with the UHII in the urban areas. In addition to the UHII over the urban areas, surface air temperature, surface air pressure, relative humidity, and near-surface wind directions at the Beijing station experience large changes before and after the beginning time of regional SDIR events, and have the potential to indicate the occurrence of SDIR events in the studied area.
Verbal Noun Formation in Mehri

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Verbal Nouns are a basic category of the nominal systems of many Semitic languages. In the case of the Modern South Arabian languages, little research has been conducted, and most previous studies do not or only very briefly mention verbal nouns. This paper attempts to partially close this gap by presenting a descriptive account of verbal noun formation in Mehri, on the basis of the data in previous glossaries, dictionaries and text collections. In addition, sporadic data from other MSAL, mainly Jibbali and Soqotri will be incorporated, and references to verbal noun formation in other Semitic languages will be given. Furthermore, the published accounts should be ideally supplemented by own fieldwork. After a basic introduction to the subject, the main part of the study concerns the most prominently attested VN patterns across various stems. While for the G-stems only broad tendencies can be postulated, it shall be shown that in the case of the derived stems, VN formation adheres to regular principles, not unknown from other Semitic languages, such as the Maṣdar forms of derived stems in Arabic. The third part of the paper will be dedicated to the discussion of remaining problems, such as the vowel quality of the suffix of the verbal nouns of many derived stems. Thus, this paper shall not just contribute to the study and description of Mehri, but also provide a stepping stone for the description of verbal nouns in other Modern South Arabian languages.
Batwing-shaped de-epithelialization technique: a case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

For women with extremely ptotic breasts, achieving optimal aesthetic outcomes with implant-based breast reconstruction following nipple-sparing mastectomy presents significant challenges. Traditional mastopexy designs may be considered; however, they often lead to nipple-areola complex necrosis due to inadequate blood supply. We propose a novel approach to breast reconstruction that involves skin de-epithelialization to minimize excess mastectomy skin flap, combined with simultaneous contralateral reduction mammoplasty. This technique effectively preserves circulation to the nipple-areola complex while delivering satisfying aesthetic results, offering a viable solution for managing the complexities associated with large, ptotic breasts in patients undergoing nipple-sparing mastectomy.
Solid‐State High‐Throughput Screening for Color Tuning of Electrochromic Polymers

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Diffusion of two monomers and their oxidative copolymerization inside a solid-state gel electrolyte is utilized as a method to match the monomer feed ratio to a color resulting from a conjugated copolymer having a single absorption in the visible region. Here, a combination of two monomers is used to generate a solid-state electrochromic device of any color, except black and green, in the colored state with all other colors going to transmissive sky blue in the bleached state.
Towards a performance estimate in semi-structured processes

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Semi-structured processes are business workflows, where the execution of the workflow is not completely controlled by a workflow engine, i.e., an implementation of a formal workflow model. Examples are workflows where actors potentially have interaction with customers reporting the result of the interaction in a process aware information system. Building a performance model for resource management in these processes is difficult since the information required for a performance model is only partially recorded. In this paper we propose a systematic approach for the creation of an event log that is suitable for available process mining tools. This event log is created by an incremental cleansing of data. The proposed approach is evaluated in a case study where the quality of the derived event log i assessed by domain experts.
Discoidin domain receptor 2: a promising target for novel treatment of fibrosis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Human diseases resulting in fibrosis still remain a major health problem all over the world. Fibrosis occurs when wounds can no longer properly heal resulting in excessive scarring which can impair function of affected organs. Despite many studies, a lack of knowledge of the processes involving formation of fibrotic tissue and its pathogenesis still exists in addition to the need for novel therapeutic targets. One receptor in particular has been brought to the attention recently as a potential new target, namely discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2). In this thesis, the role of DDR2 in fibrosis was assessed by performing literature research. The structure, function, substrate specificity, downstream signaling effects and expression role in fibrosis of DDR2 and its potential as a therapeutic were investigated. DDR2 was found to be a key mediator of collagen deposition due to its ability to influence collagen type I in different ways. DDR2 was also found to be a key mediator of the behaviour of fibroblasts during fibrosis, regulating proliferation, migration, cell adhesion, ECM remodeling and apoptosis. Finally, the expression of DDR2 was found to display differences in progression of fibrosis among organs. In conclusion, DDR2 makes a promising, yet complex target for novel therapies regarding fibrosis.