jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Abatacept as add-on therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abatacept is a co-stimulation blocker that inhibits T-cell activation and interrupts the process leading to inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with severe arthritis who took abatacept with at least one other disease-modifying antirheumatic drug in six and 12-month clinical trials demonstrated statistically significant improvement in tender, swollen joints and other clinical measures compared with placebo. Mild to moderate adverse events included headache, nasopharyngitis, hypertension and back pain. The adverse events were similar to those seen in placebo groups. Abatacept should not be used in combination with other biologic agents because of reported increased rates of serious adverse events, including serious infections. With its different mechanism of action, abatacept may be an alternative add-on therapy for patients with an inadequate response to other arthritis therapies.
Cesarean section with operation on placental support as an adapted EXIT procedure for fetal thyroid goiter: A case report and literature review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The ex‐utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure is a specialized delivery strategy that extends utero–placental–fetal circulation to convert a potential neonatal emergency condition into a condition that is compatible with postnatal life. Cesarean section with operation on placental support is an EXIT technique that requires a relatively short duration of placental support and few skilled medical personnel and specialized instruments; it can successfully treat selected fetal indications. In the present study, we report a case of fetal thyroid goiter as an example of a fetal anomaly requiring the procedure. We then review all cases published in the medical literature that were similar to our procedure (15 cases including our new case). Twelve (80%) cases of fetal anomalies and three prophylactic cases of extremely low birth weight were delivered using a procedure adapted from the standard EXIT procedure. All 12 cases of fetal anomalies were treated by airway intervention. In 12 of the 15 cases (80%), direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation were attempted; intubation was successful in seven of these 12 cases (58%). There was only one case of postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine incisional bleeding, with a consequence of delayed hysterotomy closure. In summary, cesarean section with operation on placental support is a promising alternative delivery technique for neonates with airway obstructive lesions, especially in resource‐limited settings.
Implementation and Implications of Regional Government Information System (SIPD) on Expenditure Administration

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the implementation the Regional Government Information System (SIPD) in the implementation of expenditure administration and the implications faced in the implementation of the local government information system. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data collection was carried out by means of in-depth interviews and documentation studies. The results showed that the Local Government Information System Application at BPKAD Manado City is a computer application program that has been integrated and synchronized by one data at the Central Government, namely SIPD, one of the efforts in order to meet information needs quickly, precisely, completely, accurately and integrated. In addition, this can help the Central Government in controlling the financial activities of the Regional Government, but there are still several obstacles and obstacles that need to be addressed in order to optimally implement SIPD. In addition, the SIPD implementation policy in Manado City is in accordance with Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri No. 70 of 2019. From the aspects of resources, the character of the implementing agents, and the attitudes of the implementers, it still describes implementers who have minimal knowledge of SIPD and communication between implementing agents has not been maximized. The positive thing in the implementation of SIPD in Manado City is the existence of conditions conducive to the external environment (economic, social, and political environment). The implementation of SIPD creates practical constraints, such as network constraints that interfere with the data verification process and difficulties in communicating with implementing agents. Efforts to overcome obstacles are to conduct regular training programs for SIPD implementing employees with training materials that have been packaged easily so that the attitude of the SIPD implementing agents themselves can accept the new policy.
Availability and Advice on Test uptake: a vignette study on Covid-19 self-testing policy.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract To inform future Dutch Covid-19 testing policies we did an experimental vignette study to investigate whether inclusion of the less reliable lateral flow tests (self-tests) would change test-uptake sufficiently to improve population-level test sensitivity. A representative sample (n = 3.270) participated in a 2-by-2 online experiment to evaluate the effects of test-guidelines including self-testing advice (IV1), and the effects of self-test availability (IV2) on test uptake (PCR test, self-test or no test) and sensitivity of the overall test strategy (primary outcome). Across four scenarios, changing test advice did not affect testing behaviour. Self-test availability, however, increased the timeliness of testing, the number of people testing, and overall test strategy sensitivity. Based on these findings, we recommend that (national) policy facilitates a supply of self-tests at home, for example through free and pro-active distribution of test-kits. This could substantially enhance the chances of timely detecting and isolating COVID-19 patients.
[Arterio-veinous malformations located within the occipito-cerebello-mesencephalic dihedral (author's transl)].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

About 4 cases of arterio-veinous malformations located within the occipito-cerebello-mesencephalic dihedral (which is this region of the brain including the cistern of Galen and the surrounding formations : the quadrigeminal bodies forwards, the splenium of the corpus callosum upwards, the upper face of the cerebellum and the pedonculus cerebellaris superior below) the authors related their own experience. These 4 cases are detailed from a clinical point of view. Them, a synthetic study is undertaken in which a comparison is done between the literature and the clinical features encountered : headache, sub-archnoid hemorrhage, impairment of consciousness, clinical features such as cranial nerve impairment, nystagmus motor impairment, cerebellar deficit, hydrocephaly. The value of angiography, ventriculography and CAT is discussed. All these patients have been operated upon as far as the authors think that a better chance can thus be offered to them. The choice of the technique is discussed. For one patient, the sub-temporal route was performed ; but it seems worth using the posterior inter-occipital route : this allows a better view on the lesion and an easier treatment of the malformation. These 4 patients suffered post operatively of a visual defect. The control angiography revealed no more arterio-venious malformation in two patients, a mild one in two others.
Research on Tourism Development in Ethnic Regions: Taking Shennongjia Xiaguping Tujia Township as an Example

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Xiaguping Tujia Ethnic Township is located on the southwest border of Shennongjia, and is a little-known ethnic village. The local area has rich tourism resources and complete service facilities, making it suitable for leisure and vacation tours with the theme of "farmhouse entertainment". However, there are also issues with local tourism development, such as low visibility, severe sinicization of Tujia culture, lack of tourist souvenirs, development of heavy market towns over mountain villages, and low participation of impoverished populations. So the paper investigates the Tujia Township in Xiaguping, identifies the problems in the local tourism development process, and proposes corresponding solutions to the problems in tourism development. It is hoped that the tourism development research of Xiagu Township will provide a certain template for the tourism development of other similar ethnic regions, and play a certain reference role for the tourism development of other villages.
Probabilistic Topography of Human Corpus Callosum Using Cytoarchitectural Parcellation and High Angular Resolution Diffusion

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract: The function of the corpus callosum (CC) is to distribute perceptual, motor, cognitive, learned, and voluntary information between the two hemispheres of the brain. Accurate parcellation of the CC according to fiber composition and fiber connection is of upmost important. In this work, population-based probabilistic connection topographies of the CC, in the standard Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) space, are estimated by incorporating anatomical cytoarchitectural parcellation with high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) tractography. First, callosal fibers are extracted using multiple fiber assignment by continuous tracking algorithm based on q-ball imaging (QBI), on 12 healthy and young subjects. Then, the fiber tracts are aligned in the standard MNI coordinate system based on a tract-based transformation scheme. Next, twenty-eight Brodmann’s areas on the surface of cortical cor-tex are registered to the MNI space to parcellate the aligned callosal fibers. Finally, the population-based topological subdivisions of the midsagittal CC to each cortical target are then mapped. And the result-ing subdivisions of the CC that connect to the frontal and somatosensory associated cortex are also showed. To our knowledge, it is the first topographic subdivisions of the CC done using HARDI trac-tography and cytoarchitectonic information. In conclusion, this sophisticated topography of the CC may serve as a landmark to further understand the correlations between the CC, brain intercommunication,
Examination of sacral tissue oxygen saturation among immobile patients

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Aims and objectives To explore the effect of immobility on sacral tissue oxygen saturation in patients lying on a supporting surface in supine position. Background Guidelines in regard to preventing pressure ulcers recommend that patients lying on a standard bed should change their positions every 2 hr and that patients on a supporting surface should change their positions every 4 hr. But there is no strong evidence that justifies this practice. Design Quasi‐experimental. Methods Data for the research were collected over the period October 2014–March 2015 at Anesthesiology and Reanimation and Neurosurgery Clinic Intensive Care Units. A total of 46 patients matching the research criteria were left in the supine position for 4 hr without having a position change, during which time sacral tissue oxygen saturation was measured every hour on the hour. Sacral tissue oxygen saturation was measured with the InSpectra Tissue Oxygenation Monitor. Results Mean sacral tissue oxygen saturation was 73.4% at baseline and was then measured as 74.9% at the first hour, 72.3% at the second hour, 71.9% at the third hour and 71.9% at the fourth hour. The changes observed between measuring times were not found to be statistically significant ( p = .09). Conclusions No statistically significant differences were found between sacral tissue oxygen saturation values recorded over a period of 4 hr in immobile patients lying on a supporting surface in the supine position. However, it was observed that sacral tissue oxygen saturation values did not change significantly depending upon the type of supporting surface that was being used. Relevance to clinical practice The study outcome supports changing the position of a patient lying on a supporting surface every 4 hr and provides evidence that justifies the recommendation made in the guidelines.
Ashe County's Civil War: community and society in the Appalachian South

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Distinguished from traditional historical narrative by its balanced portrayal of wartime experiences both at home and on the battlefield and flavored by its vivid portrayal of a divided Appalachian community, Ashe County's Civil War: Community and Society in the Appalachian South breaks new ground in Southern social, political, and economic history.Martin Crawford contends that the experiences of Ashe County's men and women during the Civil War era were shaped as much by their membership in the wider American society as by uniquely local factors. Through a thoughtful blending of family correspondence, local and state historical documents, and the broader news of the divided country, Crawford re-creates the lives of Ashe County's citizens. Among them are teenager Selina Howell, whose suicide draws the reader into an intimate portrayal of kin and community dynamics, and Tom Crumpler, the young lawyer-politician who made the ultimate sacrifice for a cause he initially opposed. These people and their stories bring to life the very human side of the Civil War, carrying Crawford's narrative well beyond ordinary social history.
Familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy 1 (FJHN1).

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy 1 (FJHN1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by decreased urinary excretion of urate and hyperuricemia, followed by the development of chronic interstitial nephritis most often leading to progressive renal failure and death in middle age. We report a case of FJHN1 presenting as chronic tophaceous gout, hypertension, renal failure and a family history suggestive of autosomal dominant inheritance, for its rarity.
Repair of wastewater microorganisms after ultraviolet disinfection under seminatural conditions

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Repair of wastewater microorganisms after ultraviolet (UV) disinfection was studied by incubating secondary effluent previously irradiated to UV doses of 40 to 60 mW·s/cm 2 in diffusion chambers for 2 to 24 hours. For somatic coliphage repair estimations, the effluent was incubated in flasks for 2 hours. There was only slight repair of fecal streptococci, and it did not depend on the UV irradiation dose. Repair of the thermotolerant coliforms was a function of the UV dose. Repair corresponded to a maximum increase of 1 log unit after irradiation to 40 mW·s/cm 2 , and to smaller increases after 50 or 60 mW·s/cm 2 . No relationship was observed between repair and suspended solids content of the effluent in the range of 4 to 12 mg/L. For the Salmonella , no repair was observed after a 60‐mW·s/cm 2 irradiation and a 24‐hour incubation. No repair was observed for the viruses in nine in‐flask incubations, with coliforms showing increases between 1 and 2 log units in the same flasks. Compared with the coliforms, this absence of repair of microorganisms that cause the greatest health risk in bathing and shellfish‐breeding zones brings interesting perspectives in the debate of post‐UV‐irradiation repair.
Collective Dynamics of “Small-World” Networks Enhanced by Quantum Technology for Trusted AI Transactions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Based on this research, the authors think that quantum technologies could be used to make small-world networks work better so that AI transactions can be trusted. The goal is to build small-world networks powered by quantum mechanics to reduce the risks that come from bad actors and people who don't have permission to join them. This will make it possible for AI agents to converse and do business safely. The ability of AI agents to carry out deals that can be trusted and checked is looked into in terms of the new features of quantum-enhanced small-world networks. The authors also look into how scalable quantum-enhanced small-world networks can be so that AI communities stay safe and reliable. They also look at possible uses for the proposed framework, such as in autonomous systems, healthcare, and the financial sector—all of which rely on AI agents being able to interact reliably and safely with each other. Finally, the authors talk about some of the problems and possible future research directions that come up with creating quantum-enhanced small-world networks that allow global trusted AI transactions.
Transformation of a μ3-Benzyne Ligand into Phenol on a Cationic Triruthenium Cluster Supported by a μ3-Sulfido Ligand

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A triruthenium complex containing μ3-η2(||)-benzyne and μ3-sulfido ligands, [(Cp*Ru)3(μ3-S){μ3-η2(||)-C6H4}(μ-H)] (2), was synthesized by the reaction of [(Cp*Ru)3(μ3-S)(μ-H)3] (1) with benzene. Although 2 was stable toward oxygen and water, two-electron oxidation of 2 with a Ag(I) salt in the presence of water afforded the dicationic μ-hydroxo complex [(Cp*Ru)3(μ3-S){μ3-η2(||)-C6H4}(μ-OH)]2+ (3). Treatment of 3 with amine resulted in the deprotonation of the μ-hydroxo ligand, and an unsaturated monocationic complex, [(Cp*Ru)3(μ3-S)(μ3-OC6H4-κO,κC)]+ (4), which possesses a μ3-cyclohexadienonediyl ligand, was formed via reductive C–O bond formation between the μ3-benzyne and transient μ-oxo ligands. Phenol was extruded from the Ru3 cluster upon the hydrogenation of 4 via the formation of a μ3-phenoxo complex, [(Cp*Ru)3(μ3-S){μ3-OPh}(μ-H)]+ (5). The cyclic voltammogram of 2 shows two reversible one-electron redox waves, and a dicationic μ3-benzyne complex, [(Cp*Ru)3(μ3-S){μ3-η2:η2(⊥)-C6H4}(μ-H)]2+(8), was shown to be responsible for the uptake of water to yield μ-hydroxo complex 3.
A Muhicentered Clinical Trial of the Long-acting Injectable Contraceptive Depo Provera in Chinese Women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study was an open trial where 1994 subjects each received Depo Provera injectable contraceptive every three months for one year and were observed a total of 20,294.3 woman months.At the time of observation,only one accidental pregnancy had occurred giving a use-effectiveness rate of 99.94% and a cumulative continuation rate of 72.8%.There were no significant adverse effects on weight and bolld pressure.The main side effects were spotting,prolonged bleeding,and amenorrhea and these were alsothe main reasons of discontinuation.Complaints related to bleeding problems gradually decreased and complaints of amenorrhea increased with continued use. In lactating women,side effects occurrence rate was lower and continuation rate was higher in comparison with non-lactating women.Users did not report any effect on milk secretion.The results of this study confirm that Depo Provera is a very effective contraceptive method.With appropriate counseling and medical support,high acceptability and continuation rate can be achieved. Depo Provera is especially suitable for lactating women and could become a popular contraceptive method for lactating Chinese women.
Essential oils from Mediterranean aromatic plantsArtemisia herba-alba,Artemisia absinthiumandMentha longifoliato improve blueberry shelf life

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Mediterranean Basin is particularly rich in aromatic plants with essential oils whose composition and properties are still to be investigated. The aims of this work were to: investigate the chemical composition of essential oils from three typical Spanish aromatic species: Artemisia herba-alba, Artemisia absinthium and Mentha longifolia; evaluate the antifungal potential of essential oils against seven plant pathogenic and postharvest fungi; analyse the effectiveness of the Mentha longifolia essential oil in extending the blueberry fruit shelf life. The main compounds for the Artemisia herba-alba essential oil were camphor (29.8%), trans-thujone (22%), 1,8-cineole (14.5%) and cis-thujone (10.8%). In the A. absithium essential oil, they were cis-cryshanthemyl acetate (35.4%), cis-β-epoxiocimene (36%) and trans-β-epoxiocimene (10.4%). α-Terpineol acetate (32.6%), pulegone (14.2%) and 8-acetoxy carvotanacetone (10.3%) were the most important molecules in the obtained composition of the Mentha longifolia essential oil. Different bioassays were performed at the 300 μg/mL and 600 μg/mL doses using the distinct essential oils in potato dextrose agar culture medium. The Artemisia herba-alba and Artemisia absinthium essential oils at 300 μg/mL were not very effective. The Mentha longifolia essential oil strongly inhibited mycelial growth at the two tested doses, but it totally inhibited the growth of Curvularia hawaiiensis, Fusarium nygamai and Verticilliun dahliae at 600 μg/mL. The blueberries coated with the Mentha longifolia essential oil solution obtained a statistically higher percentage of healthy fruit than the control. They could be considered an ecofriendly alternative for postharvest treatment, and for maintaining the quality and turgidity of these berries during storage.
DIGITAL BANKING MADE TRANSACTION MORE TRUSTED AND SECURED?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research was conducted to find out customer's response in digital banking era using TAM and UTAUT model. Questionnaires filled bank account owner who have often used digital banking. Results based previous research most customers have been able to adjust to the digital banking. There is short comings facilities in digital banking i.e. small banks still use digital banking as window dressing to attract customers, the front-page display is too confusing, often broken, security is not guaranteed. Recommendations have been given to the bank's management, as input for improvement in the future.
Rabies virus infection of cultured rat sensory neurons

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The axonal transport of rabies virus (challenge virus strain of fixed virus) was studied in differentiated rat embryonic dorsal root ganglion cells. In addition, we observed the attachment of rabies virus to neuronal extensions and virus production by infected neurons. A compartmentalized cell culture system was used, allowing infection and manipulation of neuronal extensions without exposing the neural soma to the virus. The cultures consisted of 60% large neuronal cells whose extensions exhibited neurofilament structures. Rabies virus demonstrated high binding affinity to unmyelinated neurites, as suggested by assays of virus adsorption and immunofluorescence studies. The rate of axoplasmic transport of virus was 12 to 24 mm/day, including the time required for internalization of the virus into neurites. The virus transport could be blocked by cytochalasin B, vinblastine, and colchicine, none of which negatively affected the production of virus in cells once the infection was established. It was concluded that, for the retrograde transfer of rabies virus by neurites from the periphery to the neuronal soma, the integrity of tubulin- and actin-containing structures is essential. The rat sensory neurons were characterized as permissive, moderately susceptible, but low producers of rabies virus. These neurons were capable of harboring rabies virus for long periods of time and able to release virus into the culture medium without showing any morphological alterations. The involvement of sensory neurons in rabies virus pathogenesis, both in viral transport and as a site for persistent viral infection, is discussed.