jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Stability of Patient Social Determinants of Health With a Focus on Food Insecurity

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction/Objectives: Many health systems screen patients for social determinants of health and refer patients with social needs to community service organizations for assistance. However, few studies have examined how social determinants of health change over time in the same individuals. Methods: We examined patients screened by The MetroHealth System in Cleveland, Ohio for 11 social determinants of health, including food insecurity, financial strain, transportation, housing stability, utilities affordability, other housing problems, intimate partner violence, social connection, physical activity, daily stress, and digital connectivity. We determined changes in these social determinants among patients screened at baseline and again after 6 to 18 months of follow-up. We further examined correlates of changes in food insecurity, because it is a common need among our patients and leads to numerous referrals to community organizations for assistance. Results: A substantial majority of patients had no change in each social determinant. For example, among 18 038 patients screened twice for food insecurity, 13 913 (77.1%) did not screen positive for food insecurity at baseline and follow-up and 1726 (9.6%) screened positive for food insecurity at both times. A total of 1080 (6.0%) did not screen positive for food insecurity at baseline but screened positive at follow-up while 1319 (7.3%) screened positive for food insecurity at baseline but not at follow-up. Among patients screening positive for food insecurity at baseline, screening negative at follow-up was independently associated with being age ≥60 years (odds ratio [OR] = 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02-2.10), not screening positive for financial strain (OR = 1.64, CI = 1.27-2.13), not screening positive for housing problems (OR = 1.65, CI = 1.28-2.13), and not screening positive for intimate partner violence (OR = 1.45, OR = 1.02-2.08). A longer duration between baseline and follow-up screening was also independently associated with not screening positive for food insecurity at follow-up. Being referred for food assistance was not associated with absence of food insecurity at follow-up (OR = 0.71, CI = 0.47-1.08). Conclusions: Most patients report no change in specific social determinants of health over 6 to 18 months. Examining changes may identify subgroups at greatest risk for persistence of adverse determinants and help to evaluate the impact of assistance efforts.
Photoactivated DNA Assembly and Disassembly for On‐Demand Activation and Termination of cGAS‐STING Signaling

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Despite significant progress in DNA self‐assembly for interfacing with biology, spatiotemporally controlled regulation of biological process via in situ dynamic DNA assembly remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we report an optically triggered DNA assembly and disassembly strategy that enables on‐demand activation and termination of the cyclic GMP‐AMP synthase (cGAS)‐stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway. In the design, an activatable DNA hairpin is engineered with a photocleavable group at defined site to modulate its self‐assembly activity. Light activation induces the configurational switching and consequent self‐assembly of the DNA hairpins to form long linear double‐stranded structures, allowing to stimulate cGAS protein to synthesize 2′,3′‐cyclic‐GMP‐AMP (cGAMP) for STING stimulation. Furthermore, by endowing the pre‐assembled DNA scaffold with a built‐in photolysis feature, we demonstrate that the cGAS‐STING stimulation can be efficiently terminated through remote photo‐triggering, providing for the first time a route to control the temporal “dose” on‐demand for such a stimulation. We envision that this regulation strategy will benefit and inspire both fundamental research and therapeutic applications regarding the cGAS‐STING pathway.
Carbohydrate sequence of a soybean 7S protein.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The sequences of three Asn-carbohydrates, IIa, Asn(GlcNAc)2-(Man)9; IIb, Asn(GlcNAc)2(Man)8; and IIc, Asn(GlcNAc)2(Man)7 isolated from the pronase digest of a 7S soybean protein (β-conglycinin) were investigated. In each case, methylation analysis of the Asn-carbohydrates gave 3, 6-di-O-methyl derivative from the N-acetyl-glucosamine residue, and 2, 3, 4, 6-tetra-O-methyl, 3, 4, 6-tri-O-methyl and 2, 4-di-O-methyl derivatives from the mannose residues. The first Smith degradation of all the Asn-carbohydrates gave Asn(GlcNAc)2-(Man)2 and the second degradation afforded Asn(GlcNAe)2. Partial acetolysis of the Asn-carbohydrates followed by deacetylation yielded mannobiose and mannotriose from, Ila, and mannose and mannobiose from lib and IIc. From these results, their possible structures are discussed.
APPROXIMATION BY POLYNOMIALS IN THE MEAN WITH RESPECT TO AREA

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper extends the concept of to arbitrary bounded sets of a complex plane, when an integral metric (relative to area) is considered. It is proved that for the completeness of the set of polynomials in a given closed or open set according to an integral metric, it is a necessary condition that the corresponding polynomial hull coincide with the interior of the set under consideration. The sufficiency of this condition is proved for various classes of sets. Using the notion of analytic p-capacity of sets, we obtain a full description of the compacta for which the polynomials are complete. Bibliography: 9 titles.
Fine-grained sentiment classification of social media data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Social media offers a rich source of information, such as critiques, feedbacks, and other opinions posted online by internet users. Such information may reflect attitudes and sentiments of users towards certain topics, products, or services. The need to interpret the huge amount of data available on social media has accelerated the emergence of sentiment analysis. By definition, Sentiment analysis, or opinion mining, is a set of techniques under Natural Language Processing (NLP) that helps to identify users’ sentiments mainly by investigating, extracting and analysing subjective texts. In this project, the student is required to conduct research on academic literature as well as existing applications with an objective of improving the performance of SentiMo, a proprietary sentiment analysis engine developed by IHPC. This report consists of two parts. The first part includes the findings of a holistic research on sentiment analysis and existing applications in the market, as well as four improvement recommendations proposed for SentiMo as a result. Afterwards, the second part of the report is focused on the field of sarcasm detection for social media data, which aims at identifying sarcasm in users’ posts. A multidimensional analysis of sarcasm on social media and a comprehensive rule-based sarcasm detection framework are presented.
Haemoglobin genotype, ABO blood groups and carcinoma of the cervix.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Genetic factors have been suggested as having a possible aetiological role in the incidence of carcinoma of the cervix. With the high frequency of carcinoma of the cervix in Ibadan as well as the high incidence of sickle-cell trait, the haemoglobin genotypes and ABO blood groups were analysed in patients managed for carcinoma of the cervix uteri in the University College Hospital, Ibadan. No significant association was found between any haemoglobin genotype or blood group and carcinoma of the cervix. The protection afforded against malaria by the haemoglobin S trait does not seem to protect against the development of invasive carcinoma of the cervix.
Art Imitating War? "Observe the Sons of Ulster Marching Toward the Somme" and its Place in History

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the treatment of Ireland and World War One in Observe the Sons of Ulster Marching Towards the Somme, one of Frank McGuinness's best-known plays, and among the leading Irish history plays of the twentieth century. The play has received considerable analysis from literature specialists, but much less from historians. In particular, the paper considers the play in the context of the evolving historiography of the First World War, including Irish participation, history and memory, and forms of commemoration. Specific issues discussed include who enlisted, and why; why soldiers were prepared to stay and fight (despite the high level of casualties), and Ulster Protestant identity. Among the scholars and writers whose work is mentioned are Tim Bowman, Cyril Falls, David Fizpatrick, Paul Fussell, Henry Harris, Laurence Housman, Keith Jeffery, Jennifer Johnston, Kevin Myers, David Nowlan, Philip Orr, A.T.Q. Stewart, and Jay Winter. Cet article analyze la représentation de l’Irlande et de la Première Guerre mondiale dans Observe the Sons of Ulster Marching Towards the Somme, une des pièces les plus connues de Frank McGuinness, et une des pièces historiques irlandaises majeures écrites au XX siècle. La pièce a déjà fait L’objet d'un nombre considérable d’études de la part de spécialistes de littérature, mais a reçu moins d’attention de la part des historiens. Cet article replace la pièce dans le contexte de l’évolution de l’historiographie de la Première Guerre mondiale, concernant en particulier la participation des Irlandais, la rapport entre histoire et mémoire, et les formes de la commemoration. Les questions précises discutées ici sont: que étaient ceux qui s’engagèrent, et quelles raisons ils avaient de le faire; pourquoi les soldats étaient prêts à rester et à se batter, en dépit du grand nombre de tués; et l’identité protestante de l’Ulster. Parmi les spécialistes et auteurs don't le nom est mentionné apparaissent Tim Bowman, Cyril Falls, David Fizpatrick, Paul Fussell, Henry Harris, Laurence Housman, Keith Jeffery, Jennifer Johnston, Kevin Myers, David Nowlan, Philip Orr, A.T.Q. Stewart, and Jay Winter.
[The value of the social service unit in ambulatory gerontopsychiatric management].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Care of aged mentally diseased patients is one of the subjects whose reform had been underlined as particularly urgent in the 1975 report on the state of psychiatry in the Federal Republic of Germany. Whereas in psychiatric hospitals there is now evidence of a growing trend to reduced hospital stay and to readmission after a period of release, no change seems to be in sight in respect of caring for the aged on an outpatient basis. The financial losses suffered by public health care organisations for aged mental outpatients have resulted in housing an increasing number of mentally ill persons of old age in homes for the aged, instead of caring for them as psychiatric outpatients. Since more and more aged persons will be represented among the population in future, it is more than ever before imperative to arrive at suggestions for a feasible solution. The article reviews the present situations (including acceptance of existing institutions by the aged) and explains the importance of public social care units in outpatient care of elderly people. The assessment was made by means of an official questionnaire operation in the Land of Baden-Württemberg. Efforts are suggested in respect of revised basis rules of organisation and staff to improve public outpatient gerontopsychiatric care.
Materials Data on Na2VAuF6 by Materials Project

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Na2VAuF6 crystallizes in the cubic Fm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Na1+ is bonded to twelve equivalent F1- atoms to form distorted NaF12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent NaF12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent NaF12 cuboctahedra, faces with four equivalent VF6 octahedra, and faces with four equivalent AuF6 octahedra. All Na–F bond lengths are 3.09 Å. V5+ is bonded to six equivalent F1- atoms to form VF6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent AuF6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent NaF12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. All V–F bond lengths are 1.94 Å. Au1- is bonded to six equivalent F1- atoms to form AuF6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent VF6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent NaF12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. All Au–F bond lengths are 2.41 Å. F1- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to four equivalent Na1+, one V5+, and one Au1- atom.
The Jacobean Banqueting House as a Performance Space

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In chapter 14, John H. Astington considers the building put up at Whitehall Palace in 1606/7, and destroyed by fire early in 1619. Planned in the first few years of the king's reign, the design of the interior in particular seems to have aimed to create a new style at Whitehall Palace. The architect was probably Robert Stickells. For plays, the king and his family might have wanted to be nearer to the actors; a royal seat brought forward to nearer the middle of the hall would have allowed space for rising ranks of seating to the rear. For masques, the area in front of the scenic stage was required for both orchestra and singers, and principally for the dancers, who performed in the area formed by the central floor of the building. Besides, Astington explains, the room was also used for court ceremonial of one kind and another: it was the largest gathering place within Whitehall Palace. Finally, Astington's chapter also deals with what is known about the disposition of audience and performance space for these varying events, and suggests some conclusions about the role of the Banqueting House as a multiple-use space at a particular historical moment.
Development Model of College English Education Service Talents Based on Nonlinear Random Matrix

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The development of artificial intelligence makes people’s life and work easier and more effective, and computer-based online exams and marking not only improve students’ learning efficiency but also reduce the pressure of teachers’ marking work. For objective questions, marking has gone from manual marking to cursor reader marking to computerized character matching, and the correct rate of marking has soared to 100%; for subjective questions, foreign systems such as PEG and E-rater have been used, and domestic systems such as those using English large corpus similarity matching and those based on natural language understanding using intelligent algorithms have been used for marking. Most of these systems are based on some shallow linguistic features such as rules and LSAs for marking, and there is no deep perception of English language sense. Although the current intelligent marking systems have made a lot of achievements, they do not fundamentally solve the problem of the rationality of intelligent marking of subjective questions. In this article, we propose a regularized discriminant analysis algorithm with good estimation of the mean, and a dimensionality reduction algorithm for high-dimensional missing data by using the relevant research results of random matrix theory to address the problems of traditional machine learning methods in high-dimensional data analysis. Although the linear discriminant analysis algorithm performs well in solving many practical problems, it works poorly in dealing with high-dimensional data. The specific analysis is as follows: in terms of age characteristics, the mobile population under the age of 35 has a significant preference for urban consumer comfort, and it increases with age, peaking at the stage of 30–35 years old and then decreasing rapidly. For this reason, a regularized discriminant analysis algorithm based on random matrix theory is proposed. First, a good estimate of the high-dimensional covariance matrix is made by the nonlinear shrinkage method or the eigenvalue interception method, respectively; then, the estimated high-dimensional covariance matrix is used to calculate the discriminant function values and perform the classification. The classification experiments conducted on simulated and real datasets show that the proposed algorithm is not only more widely applicable but also has a high correct classification rate.
Skull Base Surgery for Benign Tumors of the Head and Neck

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We performed skull base surgery in 4 cases of benign head and neck tumors between 1990 and 1992. 1) Diseases included a schwannoma of the ethmoid sinus, a schwannoma of the parapharyngeal space, a chordoma and a papilloma of the ethmoid sinus. 2) Anterior skull base surgery was performed for schwannoma and papilloma of the ethmoid sinus, and middle skull base surgery was performed for chordoma and schwannoma of the parapharyngeal space. 3) It has become possible to perform radical surgery for benign head and neck tumors invading the skull base.
DAILY ARGUMENTS WITH SPOUSES AND NEGATIVE AFFECT: AGE AND EMOTION WORK AS MODERATORS

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Daily interpersonal stressors, such as arguments with spouses, are predictors for increased negative affect within the literature (Witzel & Stawski, 2021). Emotion work, or activities done to promote another’s positive emotional state, has been noted to have mixed effects on health and well-being (Umberson et al., 2020) and emotion work is more prevalent in times of increased stress (Rao, 2017). Moreover, with old age, individuals experience fewer daily interpersonal stressors (Witzel & Stawski, 2021). Using the 2015 wave of the Health and Relationships Study (Ncouples=756, Mage=48.22, Rangeage=35-65, Mmaritalduration=8.52; Umberson, 2015), we explored 1.) how daily arguments with spouses within diverse marriages were related to negative affect across 10 days and 2.) whether age and emotion work moderate these associations. HARP is a daily diary study exploring marriage and health in same-sex and different-sex marriages. Preliminary results using multilevel models suggest that individuals’ negative affect significantly increased on days they reported spousal arguments. The interaction between spousal arguments and emotion work was significant (p&lt;.05); on days when individuals reported more emotion work, negative affective reactivity associated with spousal arguments was higher, compared to days when less emotion work was reported. No significant age differences were found. Discussion will focus on the import of spousal arguments and emotion work for shaping daily well-being, and their relevance throughout adulthood, midlife, and older age. Future work should explore how being the recipient of emotion work may buffer or exacerbate the associations between daily arguments and negative affect and potential gendered patterning therein.
Spectrophotometric determination of palladium and rhodium using oxine and 2-methyl oxine

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

オキシンならびに2-メチルオキシンを用いるパラジウム,ロジウムの抽出挙動を検討し,その結果これらの定量方法を確立した.抽出された錯塩はいずれも非常に安定であり,抽出液の洗浄などの操作により多くの他金属を容易に除くことができる.各錯塩について,抽出条件,抽出液の安定性,錯塩の組成,他物質の影響などを詳細に検討した.パラジウムの定量には2-メチルオキシン法が好ましい.ロジウム・2-メチルオキシン錯塩を定量的に抽出する条件は見いだせなかった.オキシン錯塩の抽出液を希塩酸と振り混ぜることによりパラジウムを逆抽出しうることを利用し,ロジウム,パラジウムの逐次定量法を確立することができた.
Heart rate variability features for epilepsy seizure prediction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Although refractory epileptic patients suffer from uncontrolled seizures, their quality of life (QoL) may be improved if an epileptic seizure can be predicted in advance. In the preictal period, an excessive neuronal activity of epilepsy affects the autonomic nerve system. Since the fluctuation of the R-R interval (RRI) of an electrocardiogram (ECG), called heart rate variability (HRV), reflects the autonomic nervous function, an epileptic seizure may be predicted through monitoring HRV data of an epileptic patient. In the present work, preictal and interictal HRV data of epileptic patients were analyzed for developing an epilepsy seizure prediction system. The HRV data of five patients were collected, and their HRV features were calculated. The analysis results showed that frequency HRV features, such as LF and LF/HF, changed at least one minute before seizure onset in all seizure episodes. The possibility of realizing a HRV-based seizure prediction system was shown through these analysis.
Artist unknown :Sketch of Kawiti's pa, Ruapekapeka / compiled from sketches by Capt. Marlow, Lieut Leeds and J P du Moulin. - [London? lithographer unknown, 1846?]

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Plan view of Ruapekapeka pa, with elevations around the edge, showing a cross-section of the pa with its tunnels and trenches, and details along the bottom
Ink annotations

Compare version published in: United service journal, v. 3, Oct 1846, p. 252 (see Photo file print collection)

In: Maori war sketches acquired by Alexander Turnbull

Compare also ink version (with slight differences) in Cartographic Collection at MapColl-832.11hkm/1846/Acc.29011
Quantity: 1 b&w art print(s).
Physical Description: Lithograph, b&w, 244 x 279 mm
The role of NT-proBNP in the diagnosis of diastolic heart failure and its correlation with echocardiography

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The primary aim of the current investigation was to evaluate the role of NT-proBNP in the diagnosis of diastolic heart failure and its correlation with echocardiography. Hospital based observational and analytical study undertaken on a total of 65 patients of diastolic heart failure fulfilling clinical inclusion criteria. The enrolled patients had a mean age of 54.5 years with a female preponderance (33 females vs. 32 males). Patients underwent clinical evaluation and echocardiography examination. NT-proBNP estimation was done using autoanalyzer working on principle of electrochemiluminisense. Patients were divided into various grades of diastolic dysfunction on the basis of echocardiography. Statistical analysis was done to find the significance of levels of NT-proBNP and its correlation with the grading of diastolic heart failure. There was a statistically significant higher level of serum NT-proBNP in patients with diastolic heart failure and the increasing levels were directly proportional to severity of diastolic dysfunction. The mean level of NTproBNP increased from 361.08 pg/ml to 3570 pg/ml in increasing severity of diastolic dysfunction. Results suggested positive correlation of rising NT-proBNP levels with increasing severity of diastolic dysfunction.
Fourteen Draft Genome Sequences for the First Reported Cases of Azithromycin-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Ireland

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Here, we report the draft genome assemblies of 14 azithromycin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae clinical isolates, representing the first such strains identified in Ireland. Among these isolates are the first reported highly resistant strains (MIC >256 mg/liter), which both belonged to the ST1580 sequence type.