jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of nanostructured titanium dioxide using recombinant protein templates

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are widely used in a variety of applications, for instance in the environmental and energy field, chiefly due to its high performing photocatalytic properties. The development and cost of new performance materials are largely determined by the synthetic approaches being exploited. Several studies have been published on the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using conventional methods such as sol-gel and hydrothermal processes. However, efficacious studies in the synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles via the biomimetic approach have not been fully explored or understood. Furthermore, biomimetic synthesis possesses major advantages over other approaches and should therefore be further studied. These advantages include its good control of particles and shapes, the ability to be performed under milder conditions, as well as the minimization of adverse environmental effects. As such, this study sought to devise a single process for preparing nanostructured titanium dioxide material that contains both favourable morphological properties and crystal phases via a biomimetic approach. The first phase of this project involved the synthesis of ELK16-HIS and ELK16-FLAG recombinant protein templates via inverse thermal cycling (ITC), followed by the synthesis of titanium dioxide on the protein template base with a benchmarked concentration of 1:1 molar ratio. Annealing was subsequently conducted under argon atmosphere with respective temperatures of 623 K and 873K for 2 hours. Shape- and size-controlled titanium dioxide nanoparticles were readily obtained through this process. It was found that the complementary amino acid sequence on the template had desirable morphological control effects on both the size and shape of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles produced. A possible reason for such precise control over the morphology could be explained by the adsorption of amino acids on the growing surfaces of the nanoparticles, which led to the growth in selective planes direction. Rod and plate-like shaped titanium dioxide were selectively formed in the presence of histidine tag, glycine and aspartic acid. In summary, the bio-mimetic synthesis was shown to be a promising approach for the fabrication of nanostructured inorganic devices.
MDGAs perform activity-dependent synapse type-specific suppression via distinct extracellular mechanisms

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

MDGA (MAM domain containing glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor) family proteins were previously identified as synaptic suppressive factors. However, various genetic manipulations have yielded often irreconcilable results, precluding precise evaluation of MDGA functions. Here, we found that, in cultured hippocampal neurons, conditional deletion of MDGA1 and MDGA2 causes specific alterations in synapse numbers, basal synaptic transmission, and synaptic strength at GABAergic and glutamatergic synapses, respectively. Moreover, MDGA2 deletion enhanced both N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor- and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor-mediated postsynaptic responses. Strikingly, ablation of both MDGA1 and MDGA2 abolished the effect of deleting individual MDGAs that is abrogated by chronic blockade of synaptic activity. Molecular replacement experiments further showed that MDGA1 requires the meprin/A5 protein/PTPmu (MAM) domain, whereas MDGA2 acts via neuroligin-dependent and/or MAM domain-dependent pathways to regulate distinct postsynaptic properties. Together, our data demonstrate that MDGA paralogs act as unique negative regulators of activity-dependent postsynaptic organization at distinct synapse types, and cooperatively contribute to adjustment of excitation–inhibition balance.
ESRD in Sri Lanka-1998.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract: Sri Lanka is an Island nation with a population of 18 million people of multi ethnic origin.An estimated incidence of 50 per million populations of end stage renal disease (ESRD) is found in the country. The more common causes of ESRD include chronic glomerulonephritis (22%), hypertensive nephrosclerosis (11%), chronic pyelonephritis (4%) and unknown causes (51%).Dialysis therapy is available to less than 5% of the total ESRD population in Sri Lanka. The reasons are largely financial. The bulk of ESRD patients are thus managed conservatively. Erythropoietin therapy is available to only 10-15% of the dialysis population.Approximately 100 patients are recruited for dialysis each year at three centers in the country, 95% of dialysis is by intermittent haemodialysis therapy. Chronic peritonial dialysis therapy accounts for less than 5%.Dialysis for preparation for transplantation is the main reason for acceptance into the faculty of medicine kidney transplant programme, the only centre for transplantation in Sri Lanka. Long term chronic dialysis accounts for less than 10% of the total dialysis population.Living related donor transplantation is the main strategy for the ESRD population. The human tissues act of 1978 allows cadaveric organ donation. Brain death criteria have been worked out. The program for cadeveric KT has yet to be commenced due to financial constraints. A donor card scheme has been launched.The living related transplant programme started on 5/10/85 has now exceeded 250 patients. The non related transplants done in India have also been added to our follow up clinics and number over 200 patients.A National Kidney Center is being planned to step up care of renal patients. The Sri Lanka Association of Nephrology and Transplantation oversees academic and professional standards. A kidney patients association exists to stimate interest in patient welfare activities.
Mining anchor text for query refinement

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

When searching large hypertext document collections, it is often possible that there are too many results available for ambiguous queries. Query refinement is an interactive process of query modification that can be used to narrow down the scope of search results. We propose a new method for automatically generating refinements or related terms to queries by mining anchor text for a large hypertext document collection. We show that the usage of anchor text as a basis for query refinement produces high quality refinement suggestions that are significantly better in terms of perceived usefulness compared to refinements that are derived using the document content. Furthermore, our study suggests that anchor text refinements can also be used to augment traditional query refinement algorithms based on query logs, since they typically differ in coverage and produce different refinements. Our results are based on experiments on an anchor text collection of a large corporate intranet.
Conservation of Physical Attributes of Animate and Inanimate Objects

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

SummaryChildren's (N = 83 boys and girls in kindergarten and first grade) responses to a series of conservation tasks (number, length, mass, weight) which had animate and inanimate referent objects, in two experiments, showed significant differences in the proportions of conservation between animate and inanimate objects. Physical attributes were conserved more easily with inanimate objects than with animate objects, and significant conservation differences between various animate objects were found also.
Content Provision Strategies in the Presence of Content Piracy

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

We consider a publisher that earns advertising revenue while providing content to serve a heterogeneous population of consumers. The consumers derive benefit from consuming content but suffer from delivery delays. A publisher's content provision strategy comprises two decisions: (a) the content quality (affecting consumption benefit) and (b) the content distribution delay (affecting consumption cost). The focus here is on how a publisher should choose the content provision strategy in the presence of a content pirate such as a peer-to-peer (P2P) network. Our study sheds light on how a publisher could leverage a pirate's presence to increase profits, even though the pirate essentially encroaches on the demand for the publisher's content. We find that a publisher should sometimes decrease the delivery speed but increase quality in the presence of a pirate (a quality focused strategy). At other times, a distribution focused strategy is better; namely, increase delivery speed, but lower quality. In most cases, however, we show that the publisher should improve at least one dimension of content provision (quality or delay) in the presence of a pirate.
COMPETENCIES OF SUCCESSFUL CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGERS IN LAO PDR

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research aimed to explore the essential competencies of successful construction project managers in the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR).It used constructivism for knowledge claim along with application of phenomenological strategies of inquiry.The author collect data from groups of key informants: ed 3 1) construction project managers of construction companies entrepreneurs executives 2) , , project owners and construction project investors, executives and board of directors 3) of construction association.They were chosen by the author using purposive sampling method, while the interview form was the research tool.The data were analyzed and verified by means of content analysis and triangulation, respectively.Besides, the collected data were also interpret to ensure their reliab .The study results ed ility showed that competencies of successful construction project managers in Lao PDR could be divided into two categories: core competencies including knowledge (9 1) sub-competencies), skills/abilities (9 sub-competencies) and attributes (8 subcompetencies); and 2) successful competencies comprising knowledge (5 subcompetencies), skills/abilities (23 sub-competencies) and attributes (7 subcompetencies).In this regard, those competencies could effectively be developed into a competency model of successful construction project managers in Lao PDR.
Board Development Practices on Public Versus Nonprofit School Boards: Is There a Difference?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Governing boards are a critical asset for every public and nonprofit organization. Scholars have found that effective boards are associated with organizations that tend to perform better than those with ineffective boards, in the public and nonprofit sectors. The attention these boards receive because of their crucial missions demands the need for high-quality training and development activities to give them the best chance at high performance. In this study, we examined the extent to which school boards in Minnesota—both traditional public and nonprofit charter—engage in developmental activities, and we looked at differences between these board types in how they prioritize board development activities. Our findings indicate a number of significant differences between public and nonprofit boards in terms of the extent to which they engage in board development activities, the reasons for engaging in those development activities, and how these boards prioritize development activities.Subscribe to JNEL
Periodic solutions for a class of diffusive Nicholson’s blowflies model with Dirichlet boundary conditions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this paper, we study the problem of periodic solutions for a class of diffusive Nicholson’s blowflies model with Dirichlet boundary conditions. By applying the Schauder fixed point theorem, the existence of nontrivial nonnegative periodic solutions of the considered model is established. Our results complement with some recent ones. MSC: 35B05, 35B10.
Policing the 'bastard boys': reality and significance of the police-union 'accord' during the national waterfront dispute

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABC Channel 2’s compelling and controversial dramatisation of the bitter and protracted 1998 national waterfront dispute, ‘Bastard Boys’, contained fleeting glimpses of friendly police accommodation of the sacked wharfies. One scene, depicting operational police dancing the macarena with the picketing wharfies, trivialised both the significance of the police peacekeeping strategy and the intricacies of the tense police-union relationship. This paper argues that police around Australia generally adopted a negotiated, conciliatory, non-confrontational approach with the Maritime Union of Australia picketers and supporters. This strategy was based on protocols and procedures that had been developing between the police and the union movement for a decade. Police, however, maintained the capacity to use force at any stage of the conflict. The paper contends that the police strategy rejected pressure and criticism from a New Right agenda that clamoured for violent police intervention.
New approaches for springback-based offline dimensional control in sheet metal forming

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The springback reduction is a difficult task and the subject of numerous research studies in the field of sheet metal forming. In this paper, we develop a new integrated-optimal dimensional offline control approach for springback and a new approach for springback reduction. The key idea is to build a reduced-order model of the entire blank-process-tooling system and, by using it, to find the optimal values of the system parameters for which the part accuracy and precision are the highest using a searching algorithm. The integrated-optimal dimensional offline control of springback consists in three modules simulation, reduced-order modelling and optimization. FEM is used for simulation. NN modelling is used for building the reduced-order modelling. For optimization, the searching algorithm is used. Using the exhaustive search the part accuracy and precision are evaluated by considering the system parameters values as belonging to their tolerated domains of variation. The approach implementation is applied to sheet multipoint forming with interpolators. Finally, the results come to validate the integrated-optimal dimensional offline control of springback approach and for the new optimized springback reduction, the obtained accuracies and precisions are presented.
Extenuating Circumstances in Perceptions of Suicide: Disease Diagnosis (Aids, Cancer), Pain Level, and Life Expectancy

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

If a person is terminally ill, people are more tolerant of the suicide. To see if illness type, pain level, and life expectancy affected reactions toward a terminal illness suicide, 160 undergraduates completed community support, social interaction, and suicide scales about Pat, who had either AIDS or cancer, a lot or a little pain, and six months or two years to live. A 2 (Diagnosis) × 2 (Pain Level) × 2 (Life Expectancy) MANOVA yielded significant main effects for diagnosis and pain level, a trend for life expectancy, and no interactions. Follow-up ANOVAs indicated more social stigma associated with AIDS and a lot of pain, but less social stigma associated with AIDS and a lot of pain suicides. Increased education about AIDS may help alleviate the social stigma associated with the disease and diminish tolerance towards AIDS-related suicides.
Water deficit as a trigger to immature soybean pod opening

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Recently, the opening of immature and green pods has been identified in some soybean genotypes and it has raised concern. The cause of this opening has not been elucidated yet, but there is some evidence it may be associated with water‐deficit occurrences. Thus, this study aimed to verify the influence of water deficit on the opening of immature pods and correlate this feature with other agronomic traits. For this purpose, two trials using 99 soybean genotypes were carried out in a greenhouse. The plants were kept under two irrigation treatments: control treatment (soil kept at water potential of −33 kPa) and water‐deficit treatment (soil kept at water potential of −900 kPa, imposed between the R3 and R6 development stages). The number of immature open pods was analysed descriptively and we found that, in both trials, the water‐deficit treatment favoured the opening of immature pods of some genotypes. In trial 1, we evidenced that, under water deficit, grains tend to have greater volumes, and thus, the pod does not bear the size of the grain and shatters. In trial 2, in addition to water deficit, other factors acted on grain size and, consequently, on the opening of immature pods. According to the correlation analysis, the other evaluated agronomic traits did not behave in a consistent way in the two trials, and so they would not be recommended for the indirect selection of the opening of immature pods. Besides water deficit, other soil and climate factors might affect this process of immature pod opening.
Shared Services Organisation: A Culture That Fosters Growth, Efficiency and Sustainable Value Creation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In today’s competitive environment corporates are under tremendous pressure to explore ways and means to operate their support functions more efficiently at lower cost while maintaining high standard of controls and compliances. This article explains as how a shared services organisation (SSO) model is helpful in achieving this objective. Further, it provides an understanding of the SSO concept, it’s key benefits and critical steps of implementation.
Direct numerical simulation of turbulent slope flows up to Grashof number

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Stably stratified turbulent flows over an unbounded, smooth, planar sloping surface at high Grashof numbers are examined using direct numerical simulations (DNS). Four sloping angles ( $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}=15^{\circ },30^{\circ },60^{\circ }$ and $90^{\circ }$ ) and three Grashof numbers ( $\mathit{Gr}=5\times 10^{10},1\times 10^{11}$ and $2.1\times 10^{11}$ ) are considered. Variations in mean flow, second-order statistics and budgets of mean- (MKE) and turbulent-kinetic energy (TKE) are evaluated as a function of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}$ and $Gr$ at fixed molecular Prandtl number $(Pr=1)$ . Dynamic and energy identities are highlighted, which diagnose the convergence of the averaging operation applied to the DNS results. Turbulent anabatic (upward moving warm fluid along the slope) and katabatic (downward moving cold fluid along the slope) regimes are identical for the vertical wall set-up (up to the sign of the along-slope velocity), but undergo a different transition in the mechanisms sustaining turbulence as the sloping angle decreases, resulting in stark differences at low $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}$ . In addition, budget equations show how MKE is fed into the system through the imposed surface buoyancy, and turbulent fluctuations redistribute it from the low-level jet (LLJ) nose towards the boundary and outer flow regions. Analysis of the TKE budget equation suggests a subdivision of the boundary layer of anabatic and katabatic flows into four distinct thermodynamical regions: (i) an outer layer, corresponding approximately to the return flow region, where turbulent transport is the main source of TKE and balances dissipation; (ii) an intermediate layer, bounded below by the LLJ and capped above by the outer layer, where the sum of shear and buoyant production overcomes dissipation, and where turbulent and pressure transport terms are a sink of TKE; (iii) a buffer layer, located at $5\lessapprox z^{+}\lessapprox 30$ , where TKE is provided by turbulent and pressure transport terms, to balance viscous diffusion and dissipation; and (iv) a laminar sublayer, corresponding to $z^{+}\lessapprox 5$ , where the influence of viscosity is significant. $(\cdot )^{+}$ denotes a quantity rescaled in inner units. Interestingly, a zone of global backscatter (energy transfer from the turbulent eddies to the mean flow) is consistently found in a thin layer below the LLJ in both anabatic and katabatic regimes.
Improved microstrip hairpin-line bandpass filters for spurious response suppression

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A new fractal technique is applied to hair-pin microstrip bandpass filters for the second spurious suppression. The coupled edges of hair-pin microstrip resonators are changed by a new fractal to equalise the odd-mode and even-mode phase velocities so that the nearest spurious harmonic can be suppressed. Simulated and measured results show that the second spurious level is reduced below 30 dB for a 1 GHz and 25% bandwidth bandpass filter. An analysis is presented to show the effects of tap point height on fundamental parameters of the filters. In addition, the circuit size is reduced by 11% in comparison to the conventional filter.
Collagen in human myocardium as a function of age

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Collagen in human myocardium as a function of age Get access J. E. LENKIEWICZ, J. E. LENKIEWICZ From the Biophysics Laboratory, Chelsea College, London, and the Department of Histopathology, St. George's Hospital, London Address for reprints. D. Rosen, Biophysics Laboratory, Chelsea College, Manresa Road, London, SW3 6LX. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. J. DAVIES, M. J. DAVIES From the Biophysics Laboratory, Chelsea College, London, and the Department of Histopathology, St. George's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. ROSEN D. ROSEN From the Biophysics Laboratory, Chelsea College, London, and the Department of Histopathology, St. George's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 6, Issue 5, September 1972, Pages 549–555, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/6.5.549 Published: 01 September 1972
Teacher Perceptions of the Effectiveness of the Response to Intervention Framework with English Learners

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to examine teacher perceptions of the effectiveness of the Response to Intervention (RtI) framework with students who are acquiring English as a second language.\nStudents from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds have been disproportionately represented in special education programs for decades (Artiles & Trent, 1994; Donovan & Cross, 2002; Heller, Holtzman, & Messick, 1982). Legislators responsible for the authorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Improvement Act in 2004 (IDEIA 2004) allowed state education leaders the option to use RtI as an alternative identification method. RtI was believed to be a framework through which the number of inappropriate EL referrals for special education services could be reduced. Ten elementary teachers in a small/medium sized rural school district in East Tennessee participated in semi-structured interviews intended to examine their perceptions of the effectiveness of the RtI framework when implemented with ELs. The researcher analyzed the responses for emergent themes. These themes included knowledge about the purpose of the framework, the impact of leadership upon implementation of the framework, training and professional development around teaching ELs and responding to their unique needs, and understanding differences between challenges arising from language acquisition versus those arising from a learning disability. Findings and recommendations for practice are included.