jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Substrate transfer in Saramaccan Creole

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Substrate Transfer in Saramaccan Creole by Marvin Gould Kramer B.A. (University of California, Berkeley) 1966 M.A. (University of California, Berkeley) 1993 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Linguistics in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY Committee in charge: Professor John H. McWhorter, Chair Professor Leanne L. Hinton Professor Johanna B. Nichols Fall 2002 R eproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
The apocalyptic imagination in the films of Piotr Szulkin

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The world after a nuclear disaster is one of the classical themes in science fiction film, which I am going to prove on the basis of Piotr Szulkin's films. In my paper I want to approach his work in the context of the so called "apocalyptic imagination". Introduced by David Ketterer, this conceptual category implies the presence of several "ingredients" in the work of art which, among others, suggest that "the destruction of an old world is set against the writer's of a new world. Secondly, satire comes up against a prophetic mysticism to provide a form of 'judgment'. Thirdly, the creation of purpose and meaning collides with the possibility of non-meaning and chaos". In Szulkin's films it is the second element of the apocalyptic imagination that takes a major role, as he balances prophetic statements with a satirical dimension, or, one even should say, with a kind of a political allegory, thanks to the rejection of a realist mode of presentation and emphasizing elements of grotesque in the way he presents a dystopian society.
Expression level and prognostic potential of beta-catenin–interacting protein in acute myeloid leukemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Inhibitor of beta-catenin and TCF ( ICAT ) is a key protein in the Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway. However, its role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated its expression level as well as its prognostic value in AML patients. A total of 72 patients with AML and 30 control subjects were enrolled in this study during the period of January 2017 and December 2019 at Zhongshan Hospital of SunYat-sen University. ICAT and β-catenin expression levels in peripheral blood were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. ICAT levels in AML patients were significantly lower and β-catenin levels were higher than those of the control group. After the first course of standard chemotherapy, the concentration of ICAT in the partial remission group (93.79 ng/mL) was significantly higher than that in the initial diagnosis group (49.38 ng/mL) and the no response group (39.94 ng/mL). AML subtypes had lower ICAT expression levels than controls, and ICAT levels were significantly correlated with body mass index, bone marrow/peripheral blood blast cell proportions, and white blood cell and red blood cell counts at initial diagnosis. Furthermore, low ICAT expression was found to be associated with poor disease-free survival and overall survival in AML. ICAT is closely associated with AML progression and can be used as an indicator to monitor AML treatment efficacy.
Inward turning base-bleed technique for base drag reduction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper consists of CFD and experimental study for shell projectile at angle of attack 0 0 and at various Mach numbers (0.7, 0.9, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0), without spin effect. Passive method of base modification is used to reduce base drag. The goal of this study is to reduce base drag by utilising a base bleed approach called the Inward Turning Base Bleed Method (IWTB). The concept of IWTB is to draw relatively high-pressure air behind the driving band and allow it to pass through the bleed holes and direct it into the low-pressure base. This will in turn raise the base pressure and lower the base drag. The study comprises of (i) basic model with a boattail angle of $8^{\circ}$ , (ii) eight different cavity models having different lip thickness and depth thickness ratios and (iii) nine different IWTB configurations for the optimised cavity model. At first, cavity model is optimised by varying the lip thickness and depth thickness ratio. Later IWTB parameters such as the bleed hole entry angles $10^{\circ}$ , $12^{\circ}$ & $15^{\circ}$ , exit bleed hole angles $30^{\circ}$ , $45^{\circ}$ & $60^{\circ}$ , bleed hole diameters 3mm, 4mm, 5mm & 6mm and number of bleed holes i.e., 4 & 8 were studied and optimised. Based on this study, the model with 8 holes, 3mm base bleed hole diameter, $15^{\circ}$ entry and $60^{\circ}$ exit angle gives comparatively lower base drag. CFD result shows, in supersonic region the base drag reduction for optimised shell projectile is $3.08\%$ ; at Mach number 0.9 the base reduction is $75.63\%$ ; and in subsonic region it reduces to $23.53\%$ . CFD results were compared with experimental result, is found to be good and the differences lies within $3.85\%$ .
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiopure Sulfinylthiopyrans and Related Compounds from Alkylsulfinylbuta‐1,3‐dienes.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Usefulness of Blood Pressure Variability Indices Derived From 24‐Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Detecting Autonomic Failure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Increased blood pressure ( BP ) variability and nondipping status seen on 24‐hour ambulatory BP monitoring are often observed in autonomic failure ( ATF ). Methods and Results We assessed BP variability and nocturnal BP dipping in 273 patients undergoing ambulatory BP monitoring at Southwestern Medical Center between 2010 and 2017. SD , average real variability, and variation independent of mean were calculated from ambulatory BP monitoring. Patients were divided into a discovery cohort (n=201) and a validation cohort (n=72). ATF was confirmed by formal autonomic function test. In the discovery cohort, 24‐hour and nighttime average real variability, SD , and variation independent of mean did not differ significantly between ATF (n=25) and controls (n=176, all P >0.05). However, daytime SD, daytime coefficient of variation, and daytime variation independent of mean of systolic BP ( SBP ) were all significantly higher in patients with ATF than in controls in both discovery and validation cohorts. Nocturnal BP dipping was more blunted in ATF patients than controls in both cohorts (both P <0.01). Using the threshold of 16 mm Hg, daytime SD SBP yielded a sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 82% in detecting ATF in the validation cohort, whereas nondipping status had a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 44%. The area under the receiver operator characteristic of daytime SD SBP was greater than the area under the receiver operator characteristic of nocturnal SBP dipping (0.79 [0.66‐0.91] versus 0.73 [0.58‐0.87], respectively). Conclusions Daytime SD of SBP is a better screening tool than nondipping status in detecting autonomic dysfunction.
The apolipoprotein E/CI/CII gene cluster and late-onset Alzheimer disease.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The chromosome 19 apolipoprotein E/CI/CII gene cluster was examined for evidence of linkage to a familial Alzheimer disease (FAD) locus. The family groups studied were Volga German (VG), early-onset non-VG (ENVG; mean age at onset < 60 years), and late-onset families. A genetic association was observed between apolipoprotein E (ApoE) allele epsilon 4 and FAD in late-onset families; the epsilon 4 allele frequency was .51 in affected subjects, .37 in at-risk subjects, .11 in spouses, and .19 in unrelated controls. The differences between the epsilon 4 frequencies in affected subjects versus controls and in at-risk subjects versus controls were highly significant (standard normal deviate [ZSND]) = 7.37, P < 10(-9); and ZSND = 4.07, P < .00005, respectively). No association between the epsilon 4 allele and FAD was observed in the ENVG or VG groups. A statistically significant allelic association between epsilon 4 and AD was also observed in a group of unrelated subjects; the epsilon 4 frequency was .26 in affected subjects, versus .19 in controls (ZSND = 2.20, P < .03). Evidence of linkage of ApoE and ApoCII to FAD was examined by maximum-likelihood methods, using three models and assuming autosomal dominant inheritance: (1) age-dependent penetrance, (2) extremely low (1%) penetrance, and (3) age-dependent penetrance corrected for sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD). For ApoCII in late-onset families, results for close linkage were negative, and only small positive lod-score-statistic (Z) values were obtained (model 1, maximum Z[Zmax] = 0.61, recombination fraction [theta] = .30; model 2, Zmax = 0.47, theta = .20). For ApoE in late-onset kindreds, positive Z values were obtained when either allele frequencies from controls (model 1, Zmax = 2.02, theta = .15; model 2, Zmax = 3.42, theta = .05) or allele frequencies from the families (model 1, Zmax = 1.43, theta = .15; model 2, Zmax = 1.70, theta = .05) were used. When linkage disequilibrium was incorporated into the analysis, the Z values increased (model 1, Zmax = 3.17, theta = .23; model 3, Zmax = 1.85, theta = .20). For the ENVG group, results for ApoE and ApoCII were uniformly negative. Affected-pedigree-member analysis gave significant results for the late-onset kindreds, for ApoE (ZSND = 3.003, P = .003) and ApoCII (ZSND = 2.319, P = .016), when control allele frequencies were used but not when allele frequencies were derived from the families.
Intratubular Large Cell Hyalinizing Sertoli Cell Tumor of the Testes in Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Polyposis disorders of the bowel in the pediatric population are associated with elevated risks of various cancers. The most common sites of the malignancies were the gastrointestinal system, breast, gynecological organs, testis, pancreas and lung. Testicular lesions are often overlooked as PJS predominantly appear in females.
Studying social aspects of vegetarianism: a research proposal on the basis of a survey among adult population of two Slovenian biggest cities.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article discuses the fundamental characteristics of vegetarianism as a heterogeneous and controversial practice, and tries to asses its scope in contemporary Western world. In the central part it presents the main results of the empirical study of vegetarianism and its perceptions on a representative sample of adult residents of the two largest cities in Slovenia, Ljubljana and Maribor. On this basis, the author proposes a more comprehensive design of quantitative and qualitative research on social aspects of vegetarianism and responses to it.
Artificial intelligence and decision-making in government functions: opportunities, challenges and future research

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose Artificial intelligence (AI) has received much attention due to its promethean-like powers to transform the management and delivery of public sector services. Due to the proliferation of research articles in this context, research to date is fragmented into research streams based on different types of AI technologies or a specific government function of the public sector (e.g. health, education). The purpose of this study is to synthesize this literature, identify challenges and opportunities, and offer a research agenda that guides future inquiry. Design/methodology/approach This paper aggregates this fragmented body of knowledge by conducting a systematic literature review of AI research in public sector organisations in the Chartered Association of Business Schools (CABS)-ranked journals between 2012 and 2023. Findings The search strategy resulted in the retrieval of 2,870 papers, of which 61 were identified as primary papers relevant to this research. These primary papers are mapped to the ten classifications of the functions of government as classified by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and the reported challenges and benefits aggregated. Originality/value This study advances knowledge by providing a state-of-the-art of AI research based the OECD classifications of government functions, reporting of claimed benefits and challenges and providing a research agenda for future research.
Influence of the Geometry of the Extrusion Die on the Melt Strength of Polymers

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In the past some studies have been carried out to investigate the melt strength of polymers with the purpose of comparing the results obtained with different materials and at different temperatures. In those experimental activities, once that the testing instrument had been chosen, the polymers were considered the object of the investigation and the attention was rarely focused on the testing geometry. The present work, instead, intends to analyze the influence that the geometry of the extrusion die has on the melt strength of polymers. In particular, attention is focused on the analysis of the differences produced on the melt strength of a material, when the extruded filament is subjected, via the use of two different dies specifically designed, to two distinct temperature profiles along the stretching axis. This investigation highlights that the testing geometry chosen for an experimental activity based on melt tension tests, via haul-off measurements, plays a fundamental role in the correct interpretation of the results. In fact it is demonstrated that the correct choice of the extrusion die allows one to obtain results much more similar to the real processing type that, using melt tension tests, has to be analyzed.
Dynamic study of infiltration rate for soils with varying degrees of degradation by water erosion

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Ultisols, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of south China, are suffering from serious water erosion, however, slope hydrological process for Ultisols under different erosional degradation levels in field condition has been scarcely investigated. Field rainfall simulation at two rainfall intensities (120 and 60 mm/h) were performed on pre-wetted Ultisols with four erosion degrees (non, moderate, severe and very-severe), and the hydrological processes of these soils were determined. The variation of soil infiltration was contributed by the interaction of erosion degree and rainfall intensity (p < 0.05). In most cases, time to incipient runoff, the decay coefficient, steady state infiltration rate, and their variability were larger at the high rainfall intensity, accelerating by the increasing erosion severity. Despite rainfall intensity, the infiltration process of Ultisols was also significantly influenced by mean weight diameter of aggregates at the field moisture content, soil organic carbon and particle size distribution (R2 > 30%, p < 0.05). The temporal erodibility of surface soil and soil detachment rate were significantly and negatively correlated with infiltration rate (r < -0.32, p < 0.05), but less significant correlation was observed between sediment concentration and infiltration rate for most soils, especially at the high rainfall intensity. The variation of surface texture and soil compactness generated by erosion degradation was the intrinsic predominant factors for the change of infiltration process of Ultisols. The obtained results will facilitate the understanding of hydrological process for degraded lands, and provide useful knowledge in managing crop irrigation and soil erosion. Keywords: Soil infiltration, Rainfall simulation, Erosional degradation, Soil texture, Water erosion
A 4th Industrial Revolution Systems Approach for Human Resource Optimization in Maintenance

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Human resource in maintenance remains a challenge in the overall business labor budget, labor costs, and the management thereof. This study aims to develop a model for maintenance management which fosters an optimum human resource in maintenance. The study uses system dynamics modeling to determine the maintenance management system's behavior. The 4IR technologies are integrated into this model and simulations are conducted to determine the 4IR technologies' impact analysis using descriptive statistics. Post these simulations, the results revealed that the implementation of 4IR technologies yields an overall gain in maintenance human resource optimization by 27.46% gain when compared to a similar system of maintenance management without the 4IR technologies' deployment. Another benefit of the 4IR technologies deployment is analyzed using standard deviation and found to foster a predictive maintenance strategy. This study concludes that the predictive maintenance strategy intensifies the optimization of the overall human resource in maintenance.
Graft thickness assessment for surgery of retraction pocket of the middle ear based on finiteele ment analysis of eigenfrequencies of the eardrum oscillating system

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study is to formulate recommendations for surgery of retraction pocket of the tympanic membrane and improving of hearing. Finite-element analysis of the eigenfrequencies of the oscillatory systems for normal middle ear, middle ear with pathology of tympanic membrane and middle ear with cartilage graft are carried out. The finite-element model of the middle ear consists of a tympanic membrane, a malleus, an anvil and a stapes. Pathological changes of the tympanic membrane elastic properties are described by a change of the modulus of elasticity. The geometric dimensions of the cartilage graft of the tympanic membrane are assessed to generate the acoustic conditions corresponding to the hearing functions of the normal tympanic membrane. The obtained results can be employed to estimate the thickness of the cartilage graft for restoring of the middle ear functions by means of reconstruction of the tympanic membrane with a retraction pocket.
Interdisciplinary research and transdisciplinary processes for environmental management under different socio-natural conditions

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Interdisciplinary research and transdisciplinary processes as part of environmental management respond to the increasing complexity of socio-natural changes in recent decades. Two similar studies of eutrophication in raw water reservoirs for drinking water production in Norway and China are used to discuss interdisciplinary research and transdisciplinary processes organised through the DPSIR framework (drivers, pressures, states, impacts, and responses) as instruments for environmental management. The conclusion is that interdisciplinary research and transdisciplinary processes can enhance the understanding of complex socio-natural processes under distinctly different institutional systems. The DPSIR framework was not necessary for achieving the desired result.
Data set and analytic codes supporting "How do management decisions impact butterfly assemblages in smallholding oil palm plantations in Peninsular Malaysia?"

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This deposit contains data set and analytic codes (with a meta data) supporting "How do management decisions impact butterfly assemblages in smallholding oil palm plantations in Peninsular Malaysia?". We investigated the impacts of replanting and alternative replanting decisions (replanting with monoculture versus polyculture oil palm plantations) on within-plantation environmental conditions and butterfly assemblages (diversity, density, and composition). We also assessed the effects of habitat structure and complexity within plantations on butterfly assemblages. Funding and research permission: Jardine Foundation, the Cambridge Trust, and Tim Whitmore Fund provided funding for MFH, the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) funded JS (USN: 304338625), and BBSRC (BB/T012366/1) provided funding for the establishment of the plots and surveys of environmental parameters. Research permission was provided by the Economic Planning Unit (EPU) of Malaysia’s Prime Minister’s Department for MFH (Ref: EPU 40/200/19/3727) and JS (Ref: MEA 40/200/19/3705).
Attacks on time-of-flight distance bounding channels

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Cryptographic distance-bounding protocols verify the proximity of two parties by timing a challenge-response exchange. Such protocols rely on the underlying communication channel for accurate and fraud-resistant round- trip-time measurements, therefore the channel's exact timing properties and low-level implementation details become security critical. We practically implement 'late-commit' attacks, against two commercial radio receivers used in RFID and sensor networks, that exploit the latency in the modulation and decoding stages. These allow the attacker to extend the distance to the verifier by several kilometers. We also discuss how 'overclocking' a receiver can make a prover respond early. We practically implement this attack against an ISO 14443A RFID token and manage to get a response 10 µs earlier than normal. We conclude that conventional RF channels can be problematic for secure distance-bounding implementations and discuss the merits and weaknesses of special distance-bounding channels that have been proposed for RFID applications.
Heterogeneous Nucleation of Colloidal Crystals on a Glass Substrate with Depletion Attraction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The heterogeneous nucleation of colloidal crystals with attractive interactions has been investigated via in situ observations. We have found two types of nucleation processes: a cluster that overcomes the critical size for nucleation with a monolayer, and a method that occurs with two layers. The Gibbs free energy changes (ΔG) for these two types of nucleation processes are evaluated by taking into account the effect of various interfacial energies. In contrast to homogeneous nucleation, the change in interfacial free energy, Δσ, is generated for colloidal nucleation on a foreign substrate such as a cover glass in the present study. The Δσ and step free energy of the first layer, γ1, are obtained experimentally based on the equation deduced from classical nucleation theory (CNT). It is concluded that the ΔG of q-2D nuclei is smaller than of monolayer nuclei, provided that the same number of particles are used, which explains the experimental result that the critical size in q-2D nuclei is smaller than that in monolayer nuclei.