jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The management of continuous professional development at a TVET college in Kwazulu Natal

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This exploration investigates lecturers’ experiences of the role of professional development on TVET lecturers. Lecturers’ professional development is often viewed as the source to effective learning developments. Lecturer effectiveness at TVET Colleges depends on the constant professional development to avoid encounters that they face due to endless differences taking place in technology and national curriculum. The result of proper professional development of lecturers is that both students and the organisation benefit from it. \nHence, lecturers are likely to be subjected to continuous professional development to be well informed with the constant adjustments taking place in the education system. This occurs as the lecturers are pressurised to participate in a variety of regular professional development programmes that are not designed to suit their specific requirements. This leads to, professional development becoming ineffective in assisting the lecturer developing their training in their specific areas of knowledge. \nA literature review was used to determine what other writers say about the concept of professional development. \nA qualitative study was employed and two research instruments were used: semi-structured interview sessions and document analysis.Information was collected through the interviews, centred on pre-planned interview questions. Purposive sampling was used and nine experienced participants were selected for this study. Lecturers’ were questioned about their experiences of professional development at a TVET College in the Kwazulu Natal district. The conversations were recorded, translated and scrutinised to discover lecturers’ opinions about professional development in their college. \nThis investigation was guided by three important questions: \nHow effective are staff development programmes managed for lecturers in their areas of specialisation? \nSecondly, How effective are the policies regarding staff development in TVET Colleges? Finally, what role does senior management play in CPD in Majuba TVET College? \nFindings indicate that the principals of the colleges are not managing the continuous professional development of lectures. It is left upon the lecturers themselves to manage their professional development. \nIt is expected that this investigation and the literature review will influence the management of professional development for the advantage of lecturers and the college.
Identification of Novel Integral Membrane Proteins of the Nuclear Envelope with Potential Disease Links Using Subtractive Proteomics

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Lamin A and some integral membrane proteins of the nuclear envelope (NE) have been linked to human diseases, mostly dystrophies. To comprehensively identify integral membrane proteins specific to the nuclear envelope, we have carried out a subtractive proteomics analysis of NEs isolated from rodent liver using Multidimensional Protein Identification Technology (MudPIT). An NE fraction and a nucleus-depleted membrane fraction were separately analyzed by MudPIT and proteins appearing in both fractions were 'subtracted' from the NE fraction. This identified 67 novel putative NE transmembrane proteins in addition to the 13 that had been previously characterized. Most or all of the new proteins we identified are likely to be bona fide NE Transmembrane proteins (NETs), since all eight of the first group of proteins we tested in a cell transfection assay target to the NE. Moreover, five of the eight NETs remained associated with the nuclear periphery after extraction with Triton-X100, suggesting an association with the nuclear lamin polymer. 27 of the proteins occur in chromosomal regions where 18 different human dystrophies have been mapped, making these proteins disease candidates. We have analysed the expression of these proteins using transcriptome databases, providing direction for future functional analysis of these novel proteins.
Investigation of the micropolarization on neuronal cells in the modeling of the inflammatory process in vitro

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Objective — to study the functional changes of cultivate hippocampal dissociated cells under the micropolarization (MP) of in vitro inflammatory process modeling.Methods and subjects. The experiments were carried out with hippocampal cell cultures. A special MP device for cellular cultures has been developed. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used for modeling of the inflammatory process. The viability and mitochondrial activity of cultured cells were evaluated using LDH‑ and MTS‑tests, respectively.Results. The most effective concentration of LPS was found while the modeling the inflammatory process on hippocampal cell culture. The micropolarization mode was optimized for studying of MP effects in vitro under conditions of neuroinflammation modeling. Using LDH‑test, it was found that the viability of the hippocampal cells was significantly lowered at LPS 10 mg/ml. MP (0.25 mV during 4 h) increased the resistance of cultured cells to LPS. It has been shown that MP significantly enhances mitochondrial activity under normal conditions, and also normalizes cellular metabolism at LPS (MTT‑test).Conclusions. The conditions for experimental MP study in vitro in the modeling of the inflammatory process of the neuronal tissue have been optimized. It was found that MP activates the hippocampal cells under normal conditions and improves their viability and functional activity at LPS.
Disaster Risk Reduction Based on Community through a Contingency Plan for Mount Sinabung

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The eruption of Mount Sinabung in Karo district of North Sumatera has continued on and oﬀ since 2010. A contingency plan is needed to reduce the risk of disaster. The purpose of this research is to find a disaster communication model in community-based disaster risk management through Sinabung Eruption Contingency Plan of Karo Regency, North Sumatera Province. This research applies the concept and models of community-based disaster management. The research objectives are to make a disaster risk management model based on the community as a contingency plan for Sinabung. A qualitative method is used by the researchers to finish this paper. This research is held in risk area of Mount Sinabung, Karo, Sumatera Selatan. The object of this research is the ability of government, non-government, and also society as actors of concept and models of community-based disaster management communication. The researchers analyze the program and the competency of the actor concept and the models of community-based disaster management communication. The result of this research is a disaster communication model in community- based disaster risk management through Sinabung Eruption Contingency Plan.
Early diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: new definitions and challenges

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is expected to more than double by 2050. Studies on the pathophysiology of AD have been changing our understanding of this disorder and setting a new scenario for drug development and other therapies. Concepts like the "amyloid cascade" and the "continuum of AD," discussed in this article, are now well established. From updated classifications and recommendations to advances in biomarkers of AD, we aim to critically assess the literature on AD, addressing new definitions and challenges that emerged from recent studies on the subject. Updates on the status of major clinical trials are also given, and future perspectives are discussed.
Extension of the kinematics problem about the meeting of two bodies

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The well-known problem about the meeting of two bodies starting from two different points and moving along their line is extended by the general case when the bodies move in a plane at a non-zero angle to the given line. The task is solved graphically, analytically and using GeoGebra. This approach makes it possible to use IT technologies close to students in both standard and distance education.
Effects of Spin-Orbit Coupling and Thermal Expansion on the Phonon-limited Resistivity of Pb from First Principles

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Using density functional theory calculations with spin-orbit coupling (SOC), we report on the temperature-dependent thermodynamical properties of Pb: electrical resistivity, thermal expansion (TE), heat capacity, bulk modulus and its pressure derivative. For the former, we employed the state-of-the-art ab initio Boltzmann Transport Equation formalism, and we calculated the effect of TE. In accordance with previous work, we show that SOC improves the description of the phonon dispersion and the resistivity. We argue that this is caused by a joint mutual effect of an increase in the electronic nesting and an increase in the electron-phonon coupling. Interestingly, including TE incorporates non-linearity into the resistivity at high temperatures, whose magnitude depends on whether SOC is included or not. We suggest that mechanisms beyond the quasi-harmonic approximation should be considered to get a better description of Pb with SOC at high temperatures.
Top‐Down Approach for Nanophase Reconstruction in Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

"Top-Down" nanophase reconstruction via a post-additive soaking process is first presented with various BHJ binary composites. By simply rinsing as-cast BHJ films with a solvent mixture containing a few traces of a nanophase-control reagent such as 1,8-diiodooctane, oversized fullerene-rich clusters (>100 nm in dia-meter) in the BHJ film are instataneously disassembled and entirely reorganized into finely intermixed donor/acceptor nanophases (ca. 10 nm) with a 3D compositional homogeneity, without surface segregation.
Prophylactic Effects Of Dairy Kluyveromyces Marxianus Yas Through Overexpression Of Bax, Casp 3, Casp 8 And Casp 9 On Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers and intestinal microbial community plays an important role in colorectal tumorigenesis. Probiotics have recently been assessed as effective anti-proliferative agents and thus this study was performed to examine whether CRC undergo apoptosis by treating with isolated Iranian native dairy yeast, Kluyveromyces marxianus YAS, secretion metabolites. The cytotoxicity assessments on cells (HT-29, Caco-2) were accomplished through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay as well as qualitative DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining) and quantitative (flow cytometry assessments) evaluations of apoptosis. To evaluate the main mechanism of apoptosis, Real time PCR method was applied. Kluyveromyces marxianus YAS secretions (IC50) showed significant cytotoxicity against HT-29 and Caco-2 cancer cell lines (66.57 % and 66.34 % apoptosis) similar to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) while apoptosis only was developed in 27.57 % of KDR normal cells. The prophylactic effects of Kluyveromyces marxianus (PTCC 5195), as a reference yeast, was not similar to Kluyveromyces marxianus YAS indicating strain dependency of bioactivities on CRC disease prevention. Based on real time PCR results, the main cytotoxicity is related to apoptosis phenomenon and the core related mechanism is depended on the overexpression of BAX, CASP 9, CASP 8 and CASP 3 inducing apoptosis genes. However, several investigations should be conducted to precisely determine the effective compounds to be used as anticancer therapeutics in the future.
Giant Congenital Melanocytic Nevi in a Patient With Brain Structural Malformations and Multiple Lipomatosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We present a 9-year-old boy diagnosed from birth with giant congenital melanocytic nevi. He had central structural brain malformations of hemimegalencephaly of the right frontotemporal lobe and left occipitoparietal lobe, choroid plexus hypertrophy, and a Dandy-Walker variant. In addition, he developed multiple lipomatoses. These lesions were cutaneous except for two at the cerebellopontine angles, which were present from birth. This patient represents a rarely documented example of two histopathologies resulting in serious complications. The diagnostic issues and histopathologic process are discussed. (J Child Neurol 2002;17: 289-291).
At the “Crux” of Henryk Gorecki’s Totus Tuus, Op. 60: Signification of Polish Catholic Marian Devotion

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Henryk Górecki was a devout Polish Catholic composer. He testified that many of his compositions refer to Bogurodzica, a medieval Polish hymn pertaining to Marian devotion. Furthermore, Górecki himself wrote the first seven notes of Bogurodzica on a compositional sketch. This act strongly indicates that the first seven notes of Bogurodzica signify its sum. Consequently, the article has argued that Górecki derived three motives from the first seven notes of Bogurodzica and transformed them into musical signifiers of signified Polish Catholic Marian devotion in Totus Tuus. These motives include a descending fourth derived from Bogurodzica notes 3-6; a verticalization of the fourth; incomplete neighbor from Bogurodzica notes 1-2 and complete neighbor from Bogurodzica notes 5-7; and a voice exchange that visually depicts the Christian Cross as Augenmusik. The Bogurodzica-basei motives thoroughly saturate the crux of the composition. Within the sacred pitch space of Totus Tuus Górecki, the high priest of Holy Minimalism, delivers a profoundly moving autobiographical homily preaching the musical signification of Marian devotion.
Partial Second Toe Pulp Flap Transfer for the Coverage of Great Toe Hemipulp Flap Donor Site

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary: The great toe hemipulp flap transfer is a viable reconstructive method for finger pulp defect. However, early functional recovery of the donor foot is essential for returning to daily life activities, and functional and aesthetic restoration of the donor site remains challenging. We present a case in which the great toe hemipulp flap donor site was reconstructed with pedicled partial second toe pulp flap transfer, aiming for early recovery of the donor foot and aesthetically and functionally satisfactory donor-site reconstruction. A 62-year-old man underwent left little finger-pulp crush amputation in Tamai zone 2 and received free great toe hemipulp flap transfer. For the defect following flap harvest, the partial second toe pulp flap was elevated and transferred. The donor site of the partial second toe pulp flap was primarily closed. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient started walking on postoperative day 2. Postoperatively, the sensory recovery of the transferred flap was excellent, and the reconstructed great toe was functionally and aesthetically satisfactory. The pedicled partial second toe pulp flap transfer may be a viable alternative for the coverage of great toe hemipulp flap donor site.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Self Medication Among People Living in Urban Slums of Sokoto Metropolis, Sokoto State, Nigeria

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Self-medication is the selection and use of medicines by individuals to treat self-recognized illness or symptoms and has been on the increase as a result of poverty, ignorance, low educational status among others. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and factors associated with self-medication among people living in urban slums of Sokoto metropolis. This cross sectional descriptive study was carried out among adult urban slum dwellers in Sokoto metropolis using multistage sampling technique. Semi-structured, interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain information from respondents. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS computer software. The association between categorical variables was tested using bivariate analysis and predictors of self-medication determined using logistic regression. A total 301(91.2%) of the respondents had ever practiced self-medication while 239(77.1%) did so in the last three months. Fever and headache were the commonest conditions for practice of self-medication and paracetamol, ibuprofen and Coartem® (Artemether and lumefantrine) were the commonly used drugs. Being a male (p<0.007) and not being educated beyond primary education (p<0.033) were the predictors of self-medication practice. Self-medication among urban slum dwellers was high despite their knowledge of its associated harmful effects. This underscores the need for concerted efforts to nip this public health menace in the bud through public enlightenment to help prevent indiscriminate hawking and sale of drugs without prescription.
Identifying Risk Profiles of School Refusal Behavior: Differences in Social Anxiety and Family Functioning Among Spanish Adolescents

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

School attendance problems negatively affect students’ development. This study attempted to identify different school refusal behavior profiles and to examine their relationship with three dimensions of social anxiety (fear of negative evaluation, social avoidance and distress in new situations, and social avoidance and distress that is experienced more generally in the company of peers) and the perception of family functioning. Participants included 1842 Spanish adolescents (53% girls) aged 15–18 years (M = 16.43; SD = 1.05). The School Refusal Assessment Scale—Revised (SRAS-R), the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A), and the Family APGAR Scale (APGAR: Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve) were administered. Latent class analysis revealed four school refusal behavior profiles: non-school refusal behavior, high school refusal behavior, moderately low school refusal behavior, and moderately high school refusal behavior. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) indicated that adolescents’ with the profile of high school refusal behavior showed higher scores in all the subscales of social anxiety. In contrast, the non-school refusal behavior group revealed higher scores in the perception of good family functioning, whereas the high school refusal behavior profile obtained the lowest scores in this scale. These findings suggest that students who reject school are at a higher risk of developing social anxiety problems and manifesting family conflicts. These students should be prioritized in order to attend to their needs, promoting self-help to overcome social anxiety and family problems with the purpose of preventing school refusal behaviors.
Letters to the Editor: LEVELS OF SERUM PROTEIN-BOUND IODINE IN PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC CARCINOMA OF THE BREAST

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Letters to the Editor: LEVELS OF SERUM PROTEIN-BOUND IODINE IN PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC CARCINOMA OF THE BREAST Get access ANNE C. CARTER, M.D., ANNE C. CARTER, M.D. 1Department of Medicine, State University of New York, College of Medicine at New York City, Medical Service (Division II), Kings County Hospital Brooklyn, N.Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ELAINE BOSSAK FELDMAN, M.D, ELAINE BOSSAK FELDMAN, M.D 1Department of Medicine, State University of New York, College of Medicine at New York City, Medical Service (Division II), Kings County Hospital Brooklyn, N.Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar HAROLD L. SCHWARTZ, B.S. HAROLD L. SCHWARTZ, B.S. 1Department of Medicine, State University of New York, College of Medicine at New York City, Medical Service (Division II), Kings County Hospital Brooklyn, N.Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 20, Issue 3, 1 March 1960, Pages 477–480, https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-20-3-477 Published: 01 March 1960
Temperature dependence of the energy gap of InxSe1–x compounds

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The optical absorption for photon energies of In x Se 1– x thin films was used to determine the variation of the energy gap and the Urbach energy as a function of temperature in the range from 80 to 340 K at photon energies hν = 1.24 to 2.6 eV. The data were analyzed using the Varshni relation [Physica 34 , 149 (1967)] for the temperature dependence of semiconductor band gaps. The formula by Yang et al. [cf., e.g., J. Phys. Chem. Solids 65 , 1015 (2004)] for the temperature dependence of the energy width of the Urbach absorption edge was also used. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Leo Strauss and American Democracy: A Response to Wood and Holmes

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Although Leo Strauss spent the better part of his scholarly career in the United States, his name remained essentially unknown in this country during his lifetime outside the rather restricted academic circles of political science and Judaic studies. Only in recent years — owing, positively, to the best-selling status achieved by a book by one of his students, Allan Bloom's Closing of the American Mind ; and negatively, to several critical reviews of his thought and influence in the semi-popular media —has Strauss's name been publicized to a somewhat wider audience. This article is a response to two of the critiques: Gordon Wood's relatively moderate “The Fundamentalists and the Constitution,” published in the New York Review of Books (18 February 1988), and Stephen Taylor Holmes's less restrained “Truths for Philosophers Alone?”, which appeared in the Times Literary Supplement (1–7 December 1989)
Characterization of GaN-based HEMT structures for high power applications

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

GaN based HEMT devices on 4 inch Si (111) were characterized to study their electrical parameters, using Hall Effect, Current-Voltage and Capacitance-Voltage measurements. Four different types of structure configurations were studied, which include different stress mitigating layers with carbon doping of the GaN buffer. The effect of carbon doping on the electrical parameters and the buffer leakage current were analyzed. The threshold voltages and the doping concentration were comprehensively studied to determine the background carrier concentration. The stress mitigating layers help to reduce cracks on the GaN layers during growth as well as allowing thicker GaN layer to be grown. Electrical parameters obtained from the characterization techniques concluded that the addition of carbon doping has proven to be effective in the reduction of both vertical and horizontal leakage currents on the GaN-HEMTs devices. The carbon doping reduces the background carrier concentrations by compensating the excessive unintentionally doped electrons in GaN buffer layers Study of Reflection High Energy Electron Diffraction (RHEED) technique was done theoretically with the discussion of diffraction theories and the usage of reciprocal space notation, and construction of Ewald’s sphere to predict diffraction patterns. Both streaky and spotty RHEED patterns obtained during GaN growth were discussed briefly.