jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comparative Chemical Composition of Essential Oils in Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) Ecotypes: Focus on Univariate and Factor Analysis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Anethum graveolens L. is a vegetable-aromatic medicinal herb of Apiaceae family and cultivated in different parts of the world including Iran. The aim of this study was to study the chemical composition of essential oils in four Iranian dill ecotypes. The extracted essential oils compositions were different in the ecotypes so that 38, 27, 25, and 24 volatile constituents were identified in Ardabil, Isfahan, Mashhad, and Kerman ecotypes, respectively. Eighteen compounds such as Toluene, α-thujene, camphene, sabinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, α-phellandrene, α-terpinene, β-phellandrene, undecane, sabinol, dill ether, carvacrol, germacrene D, dill apiole, neophytadiene, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, and phytol were recognized in all ecotypes but in different amounts. Analysis of variance showed the significancy of α-thujene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, α-phellandrene, β-phellandrene, undecane, dill ether, sabinol, germacrene D, dill apiole, neophytadiene, and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone at 0.001 probability levels. Means comparison of significant compounds showed highest mean values for β-pinene, undecane, germacrene D, neophytadiene, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, and phytol in Ardabil ecotype; α-thujene, β-myrcene, β-phellandrene, and dill ether in Mashhad ecotype; and α-phellandrene, sabinol, and dill apiole in Kerman ecotype. Factor analysis indicated that three main and independent factors accounted for 100% of the total variance. The first, second, and third factors with 47.5, 31.9, and 20.63 % of variance included 9, 6, and 4 compounds, respectively. The knowledge of essential oil compositions of the studied ecotypes could be useful to choose the appropriate for breeding purposes based on phytochemical diversity or for use in pharmaceutical and food industries for extraction of special compounds.
Microcosms of the Skills Ecosystem: Building Communities of Practice (CoPs) to Tackle Food Insecurity and Youth Unemployment in Northern Mozambique

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article reflects on a capacity-building project co-designed with two universities in northern Mozambique to strengthen partnerships in the educational sector in addressing local issues of youth unemployment and food insecurity. The project focused on building communities of practice (CoPs) around the three secondary-level schools delivering agricultural education and training with the participation of universities’ lecturers from agricultural universities as well as students and rural communities. These three CoPs became collaborative networks foregrounded in participatory action research that allowed for a joint production of knowledge. Because of this, we propose to frame these CoPs as microcosms of an expanded skills ecosystem that exists on a territorial level and encompasses diverse forms of knowledge. Despite the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, CoPs created opportunities for students to do practical work that is often lacking in training and, especially, to encounter entrepreneurship possibilities that can facilitate education–work transitions. With this experience in mind, we ask ourselves, how can CoPs harness skills development towards the education–work transition for youth in agriculture? Our insights into this question are based on three years of project implementation (2021–2023) and, hopefully, will contribute to better understand the role of vocationally trained youth for Mozambique’s agricultural development.
Dealing with Difference: Building Culturally Responsive Classrooms

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Australia continues to develop as a multicultural society with levels of immigration increasing significantly over recent years as a result of government policies. More recently, the new period of financial turmoil, continuing threats from terrorism and environmental concerns, have all exacerbated the challenges of dealing with difference in our society. In response, schools continue to face the challenges of the impact of a range of different cultures, languages and religions among their student and school communities. How effectively schools deal with difference and how well they are supported in their endeavours to build culturally response classrooms is a perennial issue for both teachers and educators. A major challenge for teachers is to at a minimum, understand cultural differences as they manifest in their particular school settings and to draw on approaches that support student learning in culturally appropriate ways so to assist them to better realise their full potential. In this paper we will consider cultural diversity in the context of recent school policies, highlight a number of frameworks for addressing cultural diversity in the classroom, in particular the approaches by Kalantzis and Cope’s (1999) and Hickling-Hudson (2003). We also draw on the findings from a recent qualitative study of representations of cultural diversity in a number of Sydney metropolitan schools to discuss the need for more greater resource and policy support for progressive teaching approaches that support the development of a more tolerant and inclusive multicultural society. Key words: cultural diversity, schools, teacher education, classroom practice, social inclusion
Leaf Disk Bioassay for Cabbage Looper Susceptibility, 1990

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Fresh cabbage purchased from a local grocery store was cut into disks measuring 90 mm in diam. Disks were dipped in chemical mixtures (see tables) and allowed to air dry on a sheet of organdy cloth to allow drainage. The disks were then placed in 90 mm Pyrex petri dishes; two disks per plate in Test I and one disk per plate in Test II. Five healthy, newly-molted secondinstar CL larvae were tested in each plate. Each plate was checked for larval mortality at approximately six h, 18 h and at 24 h intervals thereafter for seven d. Mortality was determined by prodding the larvae with a blunt probe and dead larvae were removed.
Street sweeping as a pollutant control measure

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Street weeping is an interesting non-structural method to decrease the pollutant load to stormwater. In this paper a study of street sweeping performance is presented. A test section of a street was swept once a week during three weeks and once every workday during another three week period. The amount of removed sediment was measured and the sediments were measured for heavy metals. During the test period 84.5 kg of sediment was removed from the street, which corresponds to 4 g of copper and zinc, 0.9 g of chromium, 0.6 g of lead and 0.4 g of nickel. During the everyday sweeping period the amount of sediment in the street decreased exponentially and approached a steady state condition. The weather during the period was dry, which meant that the effect of the street sweeping on the stormwater quality could not be measured.
Association of HSV-1 and Reduced Oral Bacteriota Diversity with Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Oral mucositis (OM) is a common complication of chemotherapy and remains a significant unmet need. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of oral bacteriota and HSV-1 in OM. Forty-six patients admitted for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were longitudinally evaluated for OM, Candida, HSV-1, and leukocyte count, and buccal mucosal bacterial samples were obtained during their admission period. The bacterial communities collected at the baseline and post-chemotherapy, chosen from the time with the highest severity, were analyzed by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Twenty (43.5%) patients developed OM, the severity of which ranged from 1 to 5 according to the Oral Mucositis Assessment Scale (OMAS). Chemotherapy significantly increased the prevalence of HSV-1 detection but not that of Candida. The bacterial communities of patients after conditioning chemotherapy were characterized by aberrant enrichment of minor species and decreased evenness and Shannon diversity. After adjustment for age, gender, and neutropenia, the presence of HSV-1 was associated with the incidence of OM (odds ratio = 3.668, p = 0.004), while the decrease in Shannon diversity was associated with the severity of OM (β = 0.533 ± 0.220, p = 0.015). The control of HSV-1 and restoration of oral bacterial diversity may be a novel option to treat or prevent OM.
Creating a Formal Program to Train LIS Students for Reference Services

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Student employees are a vital part of library operations and deserve an effective training program. Students in library and information science programs working in libraries have an excellent opportunity to learn more than just practical information. Through a training program that provides experiential learning, mentoring, critical evaluation and constructive improvement, job preparation, and personal support, these budding librarians can be more prepared for their first positions. As practicing librarians, we owe it to these students to develop and mentor them when we have the opportunity. This article uses a literature review and practical experience to provide a set of best practices for libraries that have library and infomration science students as part of their team.
Density Functional Theory Studies on New Possible Biobased Gemini Corrosion Inhibitors Derived from Fatty Hydrazide Derivatives

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Several new possible biobased corrosion inhibitors derived from fatty hydrazide derivatives were analyzed using quantum chemical calculations via the density functional theory method to investigate the chemical reactivity and inhibition efficiencies against corrosion in metal steel. The study confirmed that the fatty hydrazides showed significant inhibitive performances based on their electronic properties, revealing band gap energies of 5.20 to 7.61 eV between the HOMO and LUMO. These energy differences decreased from 4.40 to 7.20 eV when combined with substituents of varying chemical compositions, structures, and functional groups, associated with higher inhibition efficiency. The most promising fatty hydrazide derivatives are terephthalic acid dihydrazide combined with a long-chain alkyl chain, which resulted in the lowest energy difference of 4.40 eV. Further inspection showed that the fatty hydrazide derivatives' inhibitive performances increased with increasing carbon chain length [from 4 (4-s-4) to 6 (6-s-6)], with a concomitant increase and decrease in hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, respectively. Fatty hydrazide derivatives containing aromatic rings also showed increased inhibition efficiencies following their contribution to improve the compounds' binding ability and adsorption on the metal surface. Overall, all data were consistent with previously reported findings, envisaging the potential of fatty hydrazide derivatives as effective corrosion inhibitors.
CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN F4 GENERATION OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Twenty five rice genotypes were used to study the genetic components, correlation and path coefficients during Aman season of 2011. Thirteen characters were studied to find out the suitable traits for the improvement of rice yield. Among these characters considerable correlation were observed. Correlation values of grain yield per square meter with plant height, number of tillers per hill, number of panicles per hill, panicle length, number of primary branches, number of filled grain per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), 1000 grain weight and days to flowering revealed that selection based on this traits could significantly be improved the grain yield of rice. Number of tillers per hill, number of panicles per hill, panicle length, number of filled grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight exhibited high direct effect coupled with significant positive correlation on grain yield indicating selection on the basis of these traits would enhanced yield potentiality of rice. The residual effect was found 0.179 which indicated that 82.10% of the variability was accounted for 13 yield and yield contributing traits included in the present study. Rest 17.90% variability might be controlled by other yield contributed traits that was not included in the present investigation. So direct selection based on these traits would be effective for improvement of these F4 materials
Linguistic Biographies of Yiddish Speakers in Estonia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

However, in the case of a multilingual the situation is much more complicated. We will argue below that the question concerning a multilingual’s mother tongue cannot be answered in a clear-cut manner. First, multiple definitions of mother tongue are possible and various criteria can be used as a basis. Second, one’s identification can alter over a period of time and at different points a person can have different mother tongues.
[Possible role of the T antigen in inducing chromosome aberrations in SV40 virus-transformed cells].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A possible role of the simian virus 40 T antigen in chromosome damages in transformed cells was examined. Two lines of Golden hamster embryonal fibroblasts, transformed by SV40 tsA30 and ts239 mutants (He30 and He239, respectively), were incubated at nonpermissive (40.5-41 degrees C) or permissive (33 degrees C) temperatures. Chromosome aberrations were registered in either subline after 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks of cultivation under the above conditions. In the both cell lines kept at 33 degrees the frequency of aberrant metaphases and the number of chromosome breaks per cell increased drastically by week 3 of cultivation, and such a state was preserved up to week 12. The frequency of aberrant metaphases in cells cultivated at 41 degrees was maintained at the constant level (He239) or at slightly higher than that in the original culture (He30). The sublines He239, originally incubated at 33 or 40.5 degrees, were then shifted to 40.5 and 33 degrees, respectively. As a result the number of chromosome aberrations either decreased (33----40.5 degrees) or increased (40.5----33 degrees) as early as on day 2, and these patterns were stabilized at the level corresponding to the new conditions. We assayed the induction of DNA breaks in cells, grown at the permissive or nonpermissive temperatures, by using DNA sedimentation in the alkaline sucrose gradient. The DNA sedimentation peaks of cells cultured at 37 and 41 degrees coincided, whereas the DNA of cells cultured at 33 degrees was represented by shorter fragments.
The effect of medium variations on the growth curve of Bacillus licheniformis

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The growth curve of Bacillus licheniformis was studied by using medium variations. When biotin was 0.3%-0.5% in medium, the lag phase was shortened by two hours, the logarenthmic phase was extended by two to four hours. This provides a scientific basis for shortening productive periods and increasing yields.
Observations on a Norwegian intertidal population of the horse mussel Modiolus modiolus (L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Observations on a Norwegian intertidal population of the horse mussel Modiolus modiolus (L.) John Davenport, John Davenport Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Elin Kjøsvik Elin Kjøsvik Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Molluscan Studies, Volume 48, Issue 3, December 1982, Pages 370–371, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065662 Published: 01 December 1982
[Neonatal care in a primary health care center].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Small Madrid community hospitals (less than 100 deliveries annually) were the site of approximately 14% of the hospital births in 1990. The quality and quantity of services provided by our unit, considered to be of the first of primary level, are presented. The study period was 2.5 years long and 1,339 newborns were attended. The mean stay in the neonatal unit was 4.44 days (+/- 3.8 days). The cesarean section rate was 17%. The incidence of newborns with a weight less than 2,000 g was 1.5%, while those with a weight of more than 4,000 g was 5.47%. Almost 25% of the newborns were transferred to the neonatal ward and 1.79% were transferred to a third level hospital (neonatal intensive care), where three of them died. The mortality rate in our hospital was null. With rational guidelines, the primary centers can provide valuable services in a community perinatal care system.
Effects of KRTAP20-1 Gene Variation on Wool Traits in Chinese Tan Sheep

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Chinese Tan sheep lambs are recognised for having tight ‘spring-like’ curly wool when young, but this phenotype disappears with age. This wool consists of shorter, fine wool fibres (which are usually unmedullated) and heterotypic hair fibres (which are frequently medullated), which are referred to as ‘halo hair’. Both the wool and hair fibres consist of α-keratin proteins embedded in a keratin-associated protein (KAP) matrix. Of these KAPs, the KAP20-1 gene (designated KRTAP20-1) and its effect on four fibre traits (mean fibre curvature, mean fibre diameter, fibre diameter standard deviation, and coefficient of variation of fibre diameter) of Tan lambs was studied. Seven previously identified KRTAP20-1 variants (A, B, D, E, F, G, and H) of KRTAP20-1 were revealed, but the previously identified variant C was not present. Of the seven variants detected, only two (A and G) were common and present at frequencies greater than 5%, and the effect of these on the fibre traits of the finer wool fibres was assessed. It was found that variant G was associated with an increased mean fibre curvature in these wool fibres. This suggests that KRTAP20-1 might possibly be expressed differentially in the two fibre types, which may be of future value in breeding.
Classroom Observations and Effects of Reading Interventions for Students at Risk for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study investigated the effects of small-group reading interventions, implemented within a schoolwide positive behavior support model, on elementary students with and without risk for emotional and behavior disorders. Participating schools and students were part of a larger randomized controlled group study. A subset of the larger study, four experimental and four comparison schools, participated in this current study. Participants included 117 first- through third-grade students who were identified through a systematic screening process as having reading or behavior/reading risk. Direct observation and reading performance measures yielded several important outcomes. Students receiving small-group interventions within the experimental group spent more time in small-group instruction and during that instruction were more actively engaged in reading aloud and academic responding. These differences translated into differential gains between groups on the Dynamic Indicators of Early Literacy Skills—DIBELS nonsense word fluency and oral reading fluency measures. In addition, with intensive small-group reading interventions, students with the combined behavior/reading risk were as responsive to the intervention as students with reading risk alone. No differences were recognized for student conduct or for reading outcomes on the Woodcock Reading Mastery Test. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Evidence suggesting possible SCA1 gene involvement in schizophrenia

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Several findings suggest a possible role for the SCA1 gene on chromosome 6p in some cases of schizophrenia. First, linkage analyses in Irish pedigrees provided LOD scores up to 3.0 for one model tested using microsatellites closely linked to SCA1. Reanalysis of these data using affected sibpair methods yielded a significant result (p = 0.01) for one marker. An attempt to replicate this linkage finding was made using 44 NIMH families (206 individuals, 80 affected) and 12 Utah families (120 individuals, 49 affected). LOD scores were negative in these new families, even allowing for heterogeneity, as were results using affected sibpair methods. However, one Utah family provided a LOD score of 1.3. We also screened the SCA1 trinucleotide repeat to search for expansions characteristic of this disorder in these families and in 38 additional unrelated schizophrenics. We found 1 schizophrenic with 41 repeats, which is substantially larger than the maximum size of 36 repeats observed in previous studies of several hundred controls. We are now assessing whether the distribution of SCA1 repeats differs significantly in schizophrenia versus controls. Recent reports suggest possible anticipation in schizophrenia (also characteristic of SCA1) and a few cases of psychiatric symptoms suggesting schizophrenia have beenmore » observed in the highly related disorder DRPLA (SCA2), which is also based on trinucleotide repeat expansion. These findings suggest that further investigations of this gene and chromosome region may be a priority.« less
Experiments on the Control of the Pink Boll-worm in Egypt

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

C. B. Williams has shown that at the time of the first picking, i.e. , about the second week of September, the extent of attack by Platyedra gossypiella averaged 75 per cent. of the bolls during the years 1916 to 1924, and that at the end of September the percentage had risen to 90–95. He also showed that there is a definite correlation between the date of maturity of the crop and the development of the attack.
A novel approach for medical image segmentation combining u-net architectures and active contour models

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Medical image segmentation stands as a fundamental health care operation which supports both medical diagnosis and therapeutic development plans. The segmentation of medical images meets difficulties when working on complex anatomical structures in addition to inconsistent image qualities. The proposed system connects U-Net architectures with Active Contour Models to develop more precise segmentation capability. The U-Net identifies key features but ACMs specialize in boundary definition for detailed segmentation outcomes. The diagnosis system received its training and testing on publicly accessible medical image data. The proposed method reached 95.7% segmentation accuracy which proved superior to both standalone U-Net at 92.3% and ACM at 88.5% accuracy. The Dice coefficient reached 0.94 which indicated that boundary identification performed at a high level. Medical image segmentation benefits from the combination of U-Net with ACMs because it provides an effective approach to handle detection boundaries and extract features from medical images. The method demonstrates substantial potential to become applied in healthcare settings.