jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Zeta Potential of Decomposed Peat via Machine Learning: Comparative Study of Support Vector Machine and Artificial Neural Networks

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Zeta potential is crucial for practical applications in electrochemistry. However, the precise deterimination of zeta potential of decomposed peat is complex and has high requirements to related instructments. Previous study shows that zeta potential of decomposed peat can be predicted by back-propagation (BP) neural network. However, it lacks available comparisons and neglects the importance of the decomposed stages of peat and the required training times. Here, to extend this research, we propose a series of novel machine learning techniques including support vector machine (SVM) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict the zeta potential of decomposed peat. Four indicators including hydrated radius (nm), cation valence, concentration (mol/L) and pH are set as independent variables while zeta potential (mV) is set as the dependent variable. The SVM, general regression neural network (GRNN) and multilayer feed-forward neural networks (MLFNs) are developed in different decomposed stages, including the slightly decomposed peat, the highly decomposed peat and all decomposed peat. Results show that separating the models based on the decomposed stages have better prediction results than taking all decomposed peat in one model. During our studies, the SVM is the best model for the prediction to the slightly decomposed peat (RMS error: 2.37, training time: 1s), while the GRNN is the best model for the prediction to the highly decomposed peat (RMS error: 2.20, training time: 1s).
Multiple Family Group Therapy in a Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation Centre

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In the last decade there has been increasing interest in working systemically with groups of families. Multiple family groups (MFGs) have been used in mental health settings with schizophrenia, eating disorders and drug and substance abuse. This article describes the MFG program used in Higher Ground Alcohol and Drug Rehabilitation Trust, a rehabilitation centre in Auckland, (New Zealand). Higher Ground provides an 18‐week residential therapeutic program for people with a severe substance abuse disorder. The MFG in Higher Ground focuses on developing better communication patterns and better boundaries between family members, fostering mutual support, and promoting self‐responsibility.
Influence of Cement Type and Type of Aggregate on the Fresh and Hardened Properties of UHPC and HPC

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Costs for the production of High and Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (HPC and UHPC) can be reduced by using locally available materials.Therefore, this contribution focuses on the influence of cement type on the fresh and hardened concrete properties of self-compacting HPC and UHPC.Eight different types of cement from different cement manufacturers were used in this investigation and were tested for their suitability for the production of HPC and UHPC.In order to determine the cement's different water demand, an existing UHPC standard recipe, developed at the Institute for Structural Concrete, has been modified for each cement type.The aim was to produce a self-compacting UHPC with each type of cement.The experimental test results demonstrate that compressive strengths > 150 N/mm² are only possible with Portland Cements with low water demand.Furthermore, the influence of cement type and aggregate on the fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting HPC was determined.
Semiemperical Investigation of the Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Treatment Potential of Xanthone Derivatives

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aromatase, a catalyst in the aromatization reaction of androgens to estrogen, is a member of the cytochrome p450 superfamily, known as monooxygenases.The synthesized estrogen by Aromatase in breast cancer nourishes the cancer cells and assesses the hormonally growing of cancer cells.Therefore, Aromatase is considered as a potential target in treatment of breast cancer.Nowadays, major considerations in drug's selection in the treatment of cancers are shifted to natural sources due to their low toxicity profiles and better therapeutic functionality.In the present study, we have identified the binding modes of various xanthones, dietary supplements obtained from different plant sources, by using of efficient Biocomputational tools.Through docking studies, it is clear that 10 out of 13 ligands showing hydrogen bonds with amino acids like THR 310, PRO 249, ARG 113, GLY 439 and CYS 347.Sameathxanthone A showed highest dock score of -7.96 with the binding energy -38.46 kcal/mol and two hydrogen bonds with LEU 477 and VAL 373.Subsequently, the ADMET properties of compounds have been predicted computationally.
Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica: A case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction. Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica, also known as Trevor?s disease, is an extremely rare skeletal developmental disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by an osteocartilaginous outgrowth of one or more epiphyses or of a tarsal bone during childhood. Case report. We presented a sporadic case of dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica developed in the talus. A 6- year-old boy complained of swelling of his right ankle joint, with painful and reduced movements. Radiographies suggested excessive overgrowth of the dorsomedial aspect of the talus. The tumor was surgically excised and the gross and histological findings were consistent with those of osteochondroma. Conclusion. Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica is diagnosed by clinical, radiographic and histopathological examination. Early diagnosis is important for the condition to be treated before the deformity becomes disabling.
Stepwise Migration of a Monolith to a Microservices Architecture: Performance and Migration Effort Evaluation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The agility inherent to today's business promotes the definition of software architectures where the business entities are decoupled into modules and/or services. However, there are advantages in having a rich domain model, where domain entities are tightly connected, because it fosters an initial quick development. On the other hand, the split of the business logic into modules and/or services, its encapsulation through well-defined interfaces and the introduction of inter-service communication introduces a cost in terms of performance. In this paper we analyze the stepwise migrating of a monolith, using a rich domain object, into a microservice architecture, where a modular monolith architecture is used as an intermediate step. The impact on the migration effort and on performance is measured for both steps. Current state of the art analyses the migration of monolith systems to a microservices architecture, but we observed that migration effort and performance issues are already significant in the migration to a modular monolith. Therefore, a clear distinction is established for each one of the steps, which may inform software architects on the planning of the migration of monolith systems. In particular, the trade-offs of doing all the migration process or just migrating to a modular monolith.
Time-dependent Characteristics of Electric Field-induced Metal–Insulator Transition of Planer VO2/c-Al2O3 Structure

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The electric field-induced metal–insulator transition (MIT) of VO2 films on c-Al2O3(001) substrates was investigated in planer devices with strip line-patterned VO2 and two terminal electrodes. In a device with an electrode gap of 10 µm and an electrode length of 10 µm, we observed a transition from the initial high resistance state (HRS) to the low resistance state (LRS) in which the resistance of LRS was time-independent but current-dependent during electric pulse addition. Another planer device with different electrode dimensions supported the time-independent behavior of the LRS even for a high current. Present results strongly suggested that the electric field-induced MIT of a VO2 film can realize a stable resistive switching based on the Mott transition eliminating the Joule heating effect.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C gene polymorphisms in oral squamous cell carcinoma in south‐east Iran

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase ( MTHFR ) gene encodes an essential enzyme involving in folate metabolism. Due to the role of folate in DNA integrity, polymorphisms of MTHFR are interesting targets for cancer risk studies. Our goal was to evaluate the prevalence of MTHFR C677T and A1298T single nucleotide polymorphisms in oral squamous cell carcinoma ( OSCC ). Methods The study was conducted on 57 OSCC patients diagnosed within 2004–2013 along with 62 non‐ OSCC subjects. DNA was extracted by standard kit protocol. Subsequently, tetra‐ ARMS (amplification refractory mutation system)‐ PCR was applied to identify the selected polymorphisms. Results Data showed that CT and TT genotypes of C677T polymorphisms significantly increased the risk of OSCC [odds ratio ( OR ) = 2.2, 95% CI : 1–5, P = 0.04]. Although allelic distribution was not significantly different between patients and controls, T allele of C677T polymorphism was closely associated with the risk of OSCC ( OR = 2.5; 95% CI : 0.9–6.9; P = 0.07). Results indicated that C677T/A1298C: CC / AC and C677T/A1298C: CC / AA haplotypes were the most common combinations in OSCC patient and control groups, respectively. ( OR = 1.5, 95% CI : 0.6–3.8, P > 0.05). Conclusion Our results highlight the possible impact of C677T polymorphism in increasing the risk of OSCC development.
The Influence of Flooring on Standing Balance among Older Persons

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study investigated the effects of flooring on balance during quiet standing in healthy young and older participants. Seven flooring conditions were examined, including a hard tile floor and combinations of low-pile and high-pile carpet with urethane foam and rubber padding. The resulting floors provided a variety of compliant surfaces, ranging from very soft to hard. Participants stood during three separate visual conditions: eyes open, eyes closed, and looking at a moving visual surround. Three measures of postural sway were calculated using center of pressure recordings during the trials. The results showed that the amplitude of sway was higher in the older than in the younger participants, particularly in the moving visual surround condition. Flooring compliance was found to have an effect on sway during moving visual environments, with the largest effects found among the older participants. Softer floors increased the amount of sway in the older participants. These results suggest that floor compliance influences standing postural stability in older people, particularly in destabilizing visual environments.
Alpha Synuclein in a Model of Multiple System Atrophy

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract : Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by parkinsonism, cerebellar dysfunction and autonomic impairment. The cardinal pathological feature of MSA is the glial cytoplasmic inclusion (OCI) in oligodendrocytes, and a major component of OCIs is a-synuclein. We identified an oligodendrocytic precursor cell line, CG-4, that endogenously produces a-synuclein. We characterized alpha synuclein-immunoreactive (alpha synuclein-IR) material in the CO-4 cells (with affection to higher molecular weight forms), and studied the effects of oxidative stress. We also produced CO-4 cells that constitutively overexpress human alpha-synuclein and CO-4 cells that express human alpha-synuclein under control of the tetracycline-ON (inducible promoter) system, and we have characterized both of these.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Synthesis of 4‐Trifluoromethyl‐2H‐pyrans by Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclization of (E)‐3‐Alkynyl‐3‐trifluoromethyl Allylic Alcohols.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The management of venous thromboembolism

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

You are just about to finish your evening shift and close the pharmacy when Mr. James, a 57-year-old man who is well known to you, makes his way to the dispensary, favouring his right leg.He looks at you with a grimace on his face, and hands you 2 prescriptions, stating he just came from the local emergency department/ health care centre.You look at the prescriptions and see that one is for pain management and the other is an anticoagulant.You note the anticoagulant is for only 3 days.Mr. James
ILRS Station Reporting

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Network stations provided system configuration documentation upon joining the ILRS. This information, found in the various site and system log files available on the ILRS website, is essential to the ILRS analysis centers, combination centers, and general user community. Therefore, it is imperative that the station personnel inform the ILRS community in a timely fashion when changes to the system occur. This poster provides some information about the various documentation that must be maintained. The ILRS network consists of over fifty global sites actively ranging to over sixty satellites as well as five lunar reflectors. Information about these stations are available on the ILRS website (http://ilrs.gsfc.nasa.gov/network/stations/index.html). The ILRS Analysis Centers must have current information about the stations and their system configuration in order to use their data in generation of derived products. However, not all information available on the ILRS website is as up-to-date as necessary for correct analysis of their data.
Synergistic Effect of Honey and Thymus Ciliatus Against Pathogenic Bacteria

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The emergence of pathogenic bacterial strains with resistance to commonly used antibiotics has necessitated a search for novel types of antibacterial agents.The main objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activities of the powder of Thymus ciliatus and wild carrot honey when used jointly by the determination of MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) against three pathogenic bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus OxaR ATCC 43300, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853.The results indicate that the powder of thyme and honey are efficient against the tested strains.Honey MIC values were 10%, 14%, 10% (vol/vol), respectively whereas the MIC values of thyme powder were 0.4%, 2%, 9% (W/vol), respectively.When honey and thyme powder are used jointly, we noticed a decrease of the MIC values which is may be due to their synergistic effect.These preliminary results suggest that honey and thyme could be used together to manage superficial wounds and bacterial infections.
Pentagastrin in diffuse oesophageal spasm.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The effect of pentagastrin on oesophageal motility was studied in six subjects with idiopathic diffuse oesophageal spasm (IDOS). Pentagastrin was administered by continuous intravenous infusion in doses of 1 microgram/kg/h, 5 micrograms/kg/h, and 10 micrograms/kg/h. Saline infusion was used as a control. No subject experienced pain during pentagastrin infusion. Two developed dysphagia and repetitive contractions with 'wet' swallows during the saline infusion and the lowest pentagastrin infusion. Contraction amplitude was increased only with 'dry' swallows during the 10 micrograms/kg/h infusion period. Contraction duration was increased with both 'wet' and 'dry' swallows during the 1 microgram/kg/h infusions, and with 'dry' swallows during the 10 micrograms/kg/h infusion. Propagation velocity was not altered by pentagastrin. We conclude that gastrin released physiologically by eating probably does not contribute to symptom production in IDOS. Moreover, it seems unlikely that pentagastrin, at least in these doses, can be exploited for diagnostic purposes.
International marketing and intra-cultural heterogeneity

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose Most international marketing studies, taking a sociological position, assume homogeneity within and heterogeneity between cultures. Taking a psychological position and based on the Mindscape Theory, the purpose of this paper is to support the hypothesis that there is intra-cultural and intra-market heterogeneity. Design/methodology/approach The translated survey for international use has many problems. These problems can greatly be minimized by the use of pictorial/geometric shapes that were used in this study. These shapes were constructed using redundant and non-redundant complexity, and made to be culture neutral. Findings Data analysis supported the presence of three of the four Mindscape types as was hypothesized, indicating individual intra-market heterogeneity in the three cultures under investigation. Additionally, the corollary hypothesis of transcultural heterogeneity was confirmed. Research limitations/implications It has been proposed that Mindscape types are partly innate and partly learned. What proportions constitute each part? Can the learned aspect be unlearned? Can different marketing strategies appeal to each? What marketing programs are better suited to influence the learned aspect? Future studies could explore these issues. Practical implications The findings of this paper have wide applicability and implications for international marketing strategy, including ways of deploying market segmentation, target marketing, positioning strategies, as well as configurations of marketing mix elements. Originality/value This paper used a novel and unique way for data collection and analysis. A geometric-pictorial survey was used for data collection. Data analysis was done with factor analysis and cluster analysis combined.
An evaluation of blunt traumatic pericardial rupture.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

鈍的外傷による心膜損傷の特徴を明確にすることを目的に,過去16年9ヵ月間にわれわれの施設で経験した24症例に対して,受傷機転,外力の程度と方向,入院時の状態,心膜損傷の部位,合併損傷とinjury severity score(以下ISSと略す),診断と治療,転帰および死亡率について検討した。結果:心膜損傷は高所からの墜落や交通事故など,急加速,減速または挟圧による外傷の場合で,墜落例をモデルにすると,2×1010erg以上のエネルギーがごく短時間に消費されて生じる非常に大きな外力が加わったときに引き起こされた。力の方向は単純な前後あるいは左右ではなく,斜方向であったと考えられた。DOAおよび入院時にショック状態であった患者はそれぞれ42%であった。左側の心膜損傷を伴っていた例が54%であった。心損傷の合併が12例にみられ,心膜以外の左胸部損傷を伴わない例が2例存在した。ISSは中央値41と高かった。診断は主に開胸手術または胸部単純X線写真によるものであった。DOAを除いた死亡率は57%であった。結論:心膜損傷を起こす外力はかなり大きい。またこの損傷の発生には,胸郭に対する直達外力による挟圧または胸郭への剪断力が重大な役割を果たすと考えられる。心膜損傷は左側に好発するが,右側や縦隔,横隔膜面にも起こる。心膜の損傷部位と外力の大きさ・方向との間に特定の関係は見いだせず,むしろ単純にそれぞれの部位の面積に関係する可能性が考えられる。本損傷は重篤な外傷の一部としてみられるが,来院時に生命兆候を有していた患者の40%以上を救命することが可能であることから早期の確実な診断が重要である。また診断された場合には,心あるいは腸管の脱出を来さないように修復を行う必要があると考えられる。
“It Takes a While to Get Used to”: The Costs of Redeeming Public Benefits

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Scholars have examined how administrative burden creates barriers to accessing public benefits but have primarily focused on the challenges of claiming benefits. Less is known about the difficulties beneficiaries face when using public benefits, especially voucher-based public assistance programs. I argue that the costs of learning how to redeem benefits can discourage program use and undermine policy goals. To enrich the administrative burden framework, this study draws from a qualitative analysis of 43 participants in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) to develop a new subset of learning costs—redemption costs. I argue that two conditions: limited portability and reliance on third-party agents create redemption costs for beneficiaries. I apply these two conditions to two other voucher-based programs: the Housing Choice Voucher Program and the Child Care Subsidy. Examining redemption costs can help clarify when and where beneficiaries experience burdens, reasons behind discontinuity in program participation, and why public programs fail to meet objectives.
Oral contraceptive use in older women and fatal myocardial infarction.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A previous study of women who had died from myocardial infarction and of a control group of women matched with them for age suggested a fivefold increase in the risk of death from myocardial infarction among users of oral contraceptive aged 40-44 years compared with women not using such preparations. Only a small proportion of women in the infarction and control groups had used oral contraceptives, however, so the margin of error was wide. We therefore investigated a further 54 women in this age group who died from myocardial infarction and compared their oral contraceptive histories with those of age-matched, living controls. Combination of the findings from the present investigation with the previous results have enabled a revised estimate of a threefold increase in risk to be made. Although this risk estimate is similar to that previously shown for a younger age group, the total mortality attributable to complications associated with the use of oral contraceptives remained considerably greater among women over the age of 40.
Indirect exchange coupling between two nuclei of magnetic impurities in 2DES: Strong scattering limit

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The indirect exchange interaction between two magnetic impurities in a two-dimensional electron system under strong magnetic field is studied. The nuclear spin coupling is mediated by Landau electrons bound to these impurities. The d-electrons are indirectly involved in the contact interaction through their resonance scattering potential with the bound Landau electrons. The obtained superexchange interaction between two different sites results in an antiferromagnetic interaction between the nuclear spins of the impurities. The coupling constant between these nuclear spins, J, is found to be strongly dependent on the ratio of the impurity separation over the magnetic length. Possible applications of these results include a long-range mechanism for coupling between two nuclear spins to be used as a qubits interaction with a spacing distance of the order of the magnetic length.
Characterizing perceptual learning with external noise

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Performance in perceptual tasks often improves with practice. This effect is known as ‘perceptual learning,’ and it has been the source of a great deal of interest and debate over the course of the last century. Here, we consider the effects of perceptual learning within the context of signal detection theory. According to signal detection theory, the improvements that take place with perceptual learning can be due to increases in internal signal strength or decreases in internal noise. We used a combination of psychophysical techniques (external noise masking and double-pass response consistency) that involve corrupting stimuli with externally added noise to discriminate between the effects of changes in signal and noise as observers learned to identify sets of unfamiliar visual patterns. Although practice reduced thresholds by as much as a factor of 14, internal noise remained virtually fixed throughout training, indicating learning served to predominantly increase the strength of the internal signal. We further examined the specific nature of the changes that took place in signal strength by correlating the externally added noise with observer's decisions across trials (response classification). This technique allowed us to visualize some of the changes that took place in the linear templates used by the observers as learning occurred, as well as test the predictions of a linear template-matching model. Taken together, the results of our experiments offer important new theoretical constraints on models of perceptual learning.