jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Blackness preferred, queerness deferred: navigating sense of belonging in Black male initiative and men of color mentorship programs

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research focused on Black gay, bisexual, and queer men (BGBQM) and addressed the nuanced ways BGBQM experienced a sense of belonging within mentorship program settings, given their intersecting identities. Utilizing a novel research design that blended aspects of phenomenology and arts-based research, this study explored the following research questions: (1) How do BGBQM experience a sense of belonging in Black Male Initiatives (BMI) and Men of Color (MoC) mentorship programs? (2) What formative experiences do BGBQM develop in belonging to these mentorship program environments? Findings revealed approaches to how BGBQM experienced Blackness and queerness within mentorship programs in higher education settings. Being immersed in traditionally heteronormative enclaves, these men found solace in racial belonging yet experienced isolation due to their sexuality. This work provides key insight into addressing the pervasive ways mentorship programs need to dismantle heteronormativity and hypermasculine norms and ideals.
Biochemical and NMR characterization of the interactions of Vav2–SH2 domain with lipids and the EphA2 juxtamembrane region on membrane

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Vav2 is a ubiquitous guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rho family GTPases that is involved in regulating a wide range of biological processes. It interacts with several tyrosine-phosphorylated cell surface receptors, including the Eph family receptors, through its SH2 domain. The interaction of Vav2 with EphA2 is crucial for EphA2-mediated tumor angiogenesis. Here we show that Vav2–SH2 domain is a lipid-binding module that can recognize PI(4,5)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3 lipids weakly but specifically. The specific lipid-binding site in Vav2–SH2 domain was identified by NMR chemical shift perturbation experiments using the head groups of PI(4,5)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3, both of which bind to Vav2–SH2 with millimolar binding affinities. In addition, the interaction between Vav2–SH2 and the phosphorylated juxtamembrane region (JM) of EphA2 (Y594 phosphorylated) was investigated using NMR techniques. Furthermore, by using a nickel–lipid containing peptide-based nanodiscs system, we studied the binding of Vav2–SH2 to the phosphorylated JM region of EphA2 on lipid membrane and uncovered a role of membrane environment in modulating this protein–protein recognition.
Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We evaluated the durability of autologous chondrocyte transplantation grafts in 61 patients treated for isolated cartilage defects on the femoral condyle or the patella and followed up for a mean of 7.4 years (range, 5 to 11). Durability was determined by comparing the clinical status at the long-term follow-up with that found 2 years after the transplantation. After 2 years, 50 of the 61 patients had good or excellent clinical results, and 51 of 61 had good or excellent results at 5 to 11 years later. Grafted areas from 11 of the patients were evaluated with an electromechanical indentation probe during a second-look arthroscopy procedure (mean follow-up, 54.3 months; range, 33 to 84); stiffness measurements were 90% or more of those of normal cartilage in eight patients. Eight of twelve 2-mm biopsy samples taken from these patients showed hyaline characteristics with safranin O staining and a homogeneous appearance in polarized light. Three fibrous and eight hyaline biopsy specimens stained positive to aggrecan and to cartilage oligomeric matrix protein. Hyaline-like specimens stained positive for type II collagen, and fibrous, for type I collagen. Autologous chondrocyte transplantation for the treatment of articular cartilage injuries has a durable outcome for as long as 11 years.
Test Data Generation for Program Units Using a Game with a Purpose

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

One of the most important, but tedious and costly tasks of the software testing process is test data generation. The challenge is finding approaches in which humans could generate test data through more attractive, faster, and cheaper ways. One approach is using Game with A Purpose in the process of test data generation. In our previous work, we introduced two games called Rings and Greenify, by which many inexpensive players, with no special technical abilities, become engaged in test data generation. Despite the promising results of Rings and Greenify, they have certain limitations and issues. In this paper, we present a new GWAP for test data generation, called QOTE, in order to improve the application of GWAP in test data generation for program units. QOTE provides a different game-play and has certain advantages compared to prior gamesc. Experimental results have shown that QOTE outperforms prior games from two aspects: game quality and capability of test data generation. We have conducted another experiment based on mutation analysis to further evaluate test data generation capabilities of QOTE compared to four automatic approaches and show that the test data generated by QOTE can reveal more failures compared to the mentioned automatic approaches.
Hybrid extended ant colony algorithm merging differential evolution and reverse mutation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To overcome the premature convergence that frequently appears in the extended Ant Colony Optimization ( ACO) , a new hybrid method was presented, which mutated individuals by reverse mutation and differential evolution after every step in the evolution of extended ant colony algorithm. Evolutionary process of the extended ant colony algorithm would be affected by the calculation information of the reverse mutation and differential evolution algorithm. As a result, the diversity of population was maintained and the global optimization would be realized. The numerical results indicate that the proposed algorithm has high precision and strong robustness.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Carbene Cascade: An Effective Approach to Cyclopentadienes and Applications in Diels—Alder Reactions.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract An asymmetric carbene cascade reaction, which proceeds through a carbene/alkyne metathesis and a formal [3+2] cycloaddition and converts alkynyl‐tethered enol diazoacetates to chiral bicyclic cyclopentadienes, is presented.
Bounded Delay Packet Scheduling in a Bounded Buffer

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We study the problem of buffer management in QoS-enabled network switches in the bounded delay model where each packet is associated with a weight and a deadline. We consider the more realistic situation where the network switch has a finite buffer size. A 9.82-competitive algorithm is known for the case of multiple buffers (Azar and Levy, SWAT'06). Recently, for the case of a single buffer, a 3-competitive deterministic algorithm and a 2.618-competitive randomized algorithm was known (Li, INFOCOM'09). In this paper we give a simple deterministic 2-competitive algorithm for the case of a single buffer.
Effect of Hybridization on the Tensile Properties of S-glass Fibre/Nanoclay/Epoxy Composites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

three groups of composites were fabricated: glass/epoxy composites A, B,C,D,E and F which contains 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt. % glassfibre reinforcement respectively. Naonclay/epoxy composite B, C, D, E and F, with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wt.% nanoclay content respectively. Hybrid composites B, C,D, and F, contain equal amount of epoxy ( 60 wt. %), 39, 38, 37, 36, and 35 wt. % glassfibre and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wt. % nanoclay content respectively. Sample A is the Control sample with 100 wt. % epoxy. Tensile properties of S-glassfibre/nanoclay/epoxy hybird nanocomposite E, which contains 60 wt. % epoxy, 4 wt & nanoclay and 36 wt. % glassfibre was found to be the overall best performing composite in the mechanical properties.
Community formation in social networks based on Knowledge Quotient

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Networks are characterized by participants with varying interests, qualifications and behaviors. The existing methods and algorithms used for community formation in these networks fail to capture the behavioral aspect of the users who form the community. In this paper, we introduce a game-theoretic approach to address the community formation problem in social networks based on Knowledge Quotient [KQ]. Given an underlying social graph, we assume that each node is a selfish agent who wishes to be in a community where his peers are of the same KQ. We formulate the agents utility based on the modularity concept introduced by Newman [2] and extending it to include the KQ criteria which helps in forming communities with the same behavior. The proposed paper helps address social network problems like diffusion of information and innovation, e-commerce (marketing), job finding, build effective social and political campaigns in a better way by considering the KQ of the members of the social community.
Efficacy and safety of nabiximols cannabinoid medicine for paediatric spasticity in cerebral palsy or traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim To assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of oromucosal nabiximols cannabinoid medicine as adjunct therapy for children with spasticity due to cerebral palsy/traumatic central nervous system injury with inadequate response to existing treatment. Method Overall, 72 patients (mean [SD] age 12y 4mo [3y 1mo], range 8‒18y) were randomized at a ratio of 2:1 to receive nabiximols ( n =47; 29 males, 18 females) or placebo ( n =25; 15 males, 10 females) for 12 weeks (12 sprays/day max. based on clinical response/tolerability). The primary outcome was change from baseline in level of spasticity on a 0 to 10 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), assessed by the primary caregiver at 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes included additional measures for spasticity, sleep quality, pain, health‐related quality of life, comfort, depression, and safety. Results There was no significant difference in the spasticity 0 to 10 NRS between nabiximols versus placebo groups after 12 weeks. No statistically significant differences were observed for any secondary endpoint. Adverse events were predominantly mild or moderate in severity; however, three cases of hallucinations were reported. Interpretation Nabiximols was generally well tolerated; however, neuropsychiatric adverse events were observed. No significant reduction in spasticity with nabiximols treatment versus placebo was observed. What this paper adds Oromucosal nabiximols is generally well tolerated by paediatric patients. However, three cases of hallucinations were observed, one of which involved auditory hallucinations and a suicide attempt. Oromucosal nabiximols versus placebo did not reduce cerebral palsy/central nervous system injury‐related spasticity.
B Physics at CDF

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Due to the large b-bbar cross section at 1.96 TeV p-pbar collisions, the Tevatron is currently the most copious source of B hadrons. Recent detector upgrades for Run II have made these more accessible, allowing for a wide range of B and CP violation physics with B hadrons of all flavours. In this paper we present B-physics results, and, using the versatile hadronic Two Track Trigger, a search for Xi(1860), from up to 240/pb of data.
Advancing Recovery by Incorporating Physiological Insights into the Surgical Management of Chronic Proximal Rectus Femoris Tendon Avulsion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Tendon lesions affecting the proximal rectus femoris (PRF) muscle represent about 1.5% of hip injuries. Most acute cases are managed conservatively with physiotherapy. There is a lack of consensus regarding surgical intervention for chronic injuries. This article, alongside a literature review, presents a case of anatomical surgical reinsertion for chronic complete avulsion rupture of the PRF tendon. Case Report: A 34-year-old amateur athlete experienced acute inguinal pain from overexertion, with conservative treatment having failed over 3 months. Seven months later, proximal tendon rupture involving both PRF muscle heads was confirmed. An anterior Hueter approach released the tendon from the adhesions and fibrosis. The direct portion was reinserted into the inferior anterior iliac spine, and the reflex portion was reattached to the supraacetabular groove. The patient showed excellent improvement on the modified Harris Hip and Lysholm–Tegner scales. The quadriceps muscle force decreased by 20% compared to the contralateral leg at 3 months, reducing to 4% by 12 months. Normal activities resumed after six weeks, and sports resumed after 4 months. Conclusions: The patient experienced significant postoperative improvement, as shown by the enhanced functional scores and muscle force recovery over one year. The success of the anatomical reconstruction in restoring tendon continuity underscores the importance of tendon healing mechanisms, including tissue remodeling and revascularization, in chronic avulsion injuries. This case highlights the efficacy of anatomical reconstruction for chronic PRF tendon avulsion. The literature review offers further insights into treatment options and the physiological basis of recovery for such injuries.
The Practice and Innovation Model Construction of Inheritance Education of Intangible Cultural Heritage — Taking Han Embroidery Crafts as an Example

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Aiming at exploring the practice and innovation mode of inheritance and education of intangible cultural heritage, Han embroidery craft with regional artistic characteristics is chosen as the basic research object.Through discussing the relationship between the research center of intangible cultural heritage and universities that should shoulder the historical mission and responsibility of the preservation, inheritance and innovation of intangible cultural heritage in modern society, it is concluded that the involvement of the research center of intangible cultural heritage in local colleges and universities can not only give full play to its theoretical guidance advantages, but also give full play to the teaching advantages of local colleges and universities, and also provide new practice and innovation models for the education and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage.
The genomic diversity of Taiwanese Austronesian groups: Implications for the “Into- and Out-of-Taiwan” models

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The origin and dispersal of the Austronesian language family, one of the largest and most widespread in the world, have long attracted the attention of linguists, archaeologists, and geneticists. Even though there is a growing consensus that Taiwan is the source of the spread of Austronesian languages, little is known about the migration patterns of the early Austronesians who settled in and left Taiwan, i.e. the “Into-Taiwan” and “out-of-Taiwan” events. In particular, the genetic diversity and structure within Taiwan and how this relates to the into-/out-of-Taiwan events are largely unexplored, primarily because most genomic studies have largely utilized data from just two of the 16 recognized Highland Austronesian groups in Taiwan. In this study, we generated the largest genome-wide data set of Taiwanese Austronesians to date, including six Highland groups and one Lowland group from across the island and two Taiwanese Han groups. We identified fine-scale genomic structure in Taiwan, inferred the ancestry profile of the ancestors of Austronesians, and found that the southern Taiwanese Austronesians show excess genetic affinities with the Austronesians outside of Taiwan. Our findings thus shed new light on the Into- and Out-of-Taiwan dispersals.
Impact of Positron Emission Tomography in Staging and Management of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Oesophagus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction The role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scan in staging and management of oesophageal carcinoma remains uncertain. We studied whether addition of FDG-PET in the staging of squamous cell cancer of oesophagus changed its staging or management Methods Twenty nine patients with clinically resectable squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) underwent contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the thorax and upper abdomen followed by FDG-PET scan. The incidence of additional distant metastasis on FDG-PET resulting in change in management was assessed. Results Of 29 patients, 19 had disease localized to oesophagus (maintained periesophageal planes) on CECT scan. FDG-PET scan did not detectany additional distant nodal or metastatic disease. Of these, 18 patients underwent curative resection and one had locally advanced disease. Seven patients had loss of fat planewith adjacent structures on CECT [left atrium (n=1), descending aorta (n=2) and tracheobronchial tree (n=5)]. Bronchoscopy confirmed tracheobronchial invasion in four patients. FDG-PET did not identify any metastatic disease in these patients.Of these, 2 were taken up for surgery (left atrium n=1 and normal bronchoscopy n=1). Seventeen patients had regional nodal disease on CECT and FDG-PET. Of these in 5 patients regional nodes did not show uptake in FDG-PET, however final histopathology confirmed nodal involvement in 3 of them [False negative rate – 17.64% (3/17)]. False positive rate for regional nodal disease on FDG-PET was 11.76% (2/17). Threepatients hadmetastatic diseaseon CECT (distant node n=2, adrenal metastasis n=1).FDG-PET showed a lung metastasis in addition to CT findings (False positive n=1) Conclusion FDG-PET did not detect any additional metastasis in patients of oesophageal carcinoma. Addition of FDG-PET scan did not change management plan and is not routinely recommended in the investigative protocol of squamous cell cancer of oesophagus.
Regulations of VEP Changes in 30 Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To study the regulations of visual evoked potential(VEP) changes in 30 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods VEP were performed in 30 MS patients,and the results were compared with normal subjects. Results The abnormality rate of VEP were 76.7%. 82.6% of patients with abnormal VEP showed clinical visual symptoms; 17, 4% among those patients have no clinical visual symptoms. Conclusion The rate of VEP abnormal in MS patients is more high. It may help more in the diagnosis of MS.
Experiments with an annotation scheme for a knowledge-rich noun phrase interpretation system

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents observations on our experience with an annotation scheme that was used in the training of a state-of-the-art noun phrase semantic interpretation system. The system relies on cross-linguistic evidence from a set of five Romance languages: Spanish, Italian, French, Portuguese, and Romanian. Given a training set of English noun phrases in context along with their translations in the five Romance languages, our algorithm automatically learns a classification function that is later on applied to unseen test instances for semantic interpretation. As training and test data we used two text collections of different genre: Europarl and CLUVI. The training data was annotated with contextual features based on two state-of-the-art classification tag sets.
Solitary signals in electrical nonlinear transmission line

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We investigate the propagation of solitary signal in nonlinear electrical transmission line. Starting from the modified complex Ginzburg-Landau equation and the theory of elliptic ordinary differential equations, we derive a number of solitonlike solutions of the modified complex Ginzburg-Landau equation and study the linear stability of these solutions. The higher order soliton solution is constructed using the Hirota method which is found to be very simple when compared with the Painlevé method.
PHENOTYPIC AND GENOTYPIC FEATURES OF WILD FORMS OF KUBAN GRAPES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The article presents the results of scientific research consisting in finding wild-growing forms of the genus Vitis L. and studying their ecological-biological, phenotypic and genotypic features. The purpose of the work is to attract particularly valuable samples for economically useful traits to selection as new donors of resistance to various abiotic and biotic stress factors. The research was carried out on the territory of the state nature Reserve “Utrish” of Krasnodar Territory in 2021 using traditional and modern methods: route reconnaissance (expedition), geobotanical, ampelographic, analytical. It was found that the shape (openness), cobwebby pubescence and the degree of anthocyanin coloration of the tip of the young shoot in the studied populations of wild grapes are among the most variable morphological features. According to the method [15], the shape of the tip of the young shoot varies in this case from slightly open to completely open. The cobwebby pubescence of the crown of a young shoot in wild grape plants along a wide gap varies from medium (3 points) to thick (4 points). The discovered and described wild-growing forms of grapes Sh1-Sh5 go through all phases of development in full – from budding to grape ripening. At the time of the research, the samples Sh1-Sh5 visually had no damage from the phytopathogenic microflora. This is confirmed by laboratory studies. As a result of microbiological analysis, single saprophytic bacteria were found. Colonies of fungi and bacteria similar in phenotype to pathogenic ones were not found. At the same time, Sh1-Sh5 samples can be asymptomatic sources of viruses that can cause significant economic losses. Determination of the presence of 7 economically important viral pathogens of grapes in samples Sh1-Sh5 showed that samples Sh1, Sh2, Sh3, Sh5 are free of viral diseases. According to the results of the studies, the GPGV virus (Grapevine Pinot gris virus trichovirus) was detected only in the Sh4 sample.
Preparation, Optimization, and Stability of Isosulfan Blue-Loaded Human Serum Albumin-Structured Nanocolloids

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In an attempt to develop nanoparticles for drug delivery systems, human serum albumin (HSA), a protein carrier for drugs, is a suitable choice. HSA nanoparticles have been widely used in drug delivery systems and have applications in various diseases. The administration of HSA nanoparticles, particle size, surface charge, and drug loading are important parameters to consider. The present study aimed to develop HSA-based nanoparticles containing isosulfan blue (ISB) dye by using a nanoprecipitation procedure. The developed nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The effects of factors such as solvent/nonsolvent ratio, pH, cross-linker, dye, and surfactant concentration on the physicochemical parameters of the formulations were optimized. Also, in vitro stability studies of nanoparticles were measured in different conditions for up to 3 months. According to the results obtained, the spherical nanoparticles had particle sizes of 93.88 ± 1.86 and 113.90 ± 1.91 nm, PdI values of 0.19 ± 0.01 and 0.44 ± 0.02, and negative charges of -26.0 ± 2.87 and 57.4 ± 3.86 mV. The loading amount of ISB for ISB-HSA nanoparticles was 15-20%. Also, nanoparticle formulations were stable under different conditions and did not exhibit a substantial change in DLS results. Current sentinel lymph node tracers, like free ISB, suffer from rapid clearance (<2 h) and photodegradation. This study develops stable HSA nanocolloids to overcome these limitations. In conclusion, ISB dye-loaded HSA nanoparticles in stable nanocolloidal structures with ideal properties were prepared.