jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Examining the Effects of a Low-Cost Prompt to Reduce Retail Theft

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The present study evaluated the extent to which a low-cost, antitheft intervention impacted theft and sales in a multiple baseline design across two grocery stores. Previous research has measured the impact on theft of items that have a sign indicating their high theft rate and stickers next to or on the items. In contrast, this study tracked four intervention groups: a group directly marked with a sign and ribbons, two indirectly targeted groups (sign-only and a group down the aisle from the sign-only), and a group with no intervention. Results indicated the largest decrease in theft for one of the indirectly targeted groups, from 45 total items stolen to 13, compared to a smaller decrease in theft (i.e., 64 to 40) for the directly targeted sign and ribbons products. Implications of these findings for applying behavior-based antitheft interventions in retail businesses are discussed and future research is proposed.
PREVENTION OF HIV AMONG DRUG USERS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The relationship between injection drug use and HIV was established early in the HIV epidemic, and injection drug use has continued to be an important risk factor for HIV throughout the world. This panel included 4 papers related to HIV prevention among drug users, focusing on effective prevention strategies, the importance of organizing the AIDS-affected community, the impact of knowledge of serostatus on risk behaviors, and developing interventions for drug-using homosexual and bisexual men. These papers, addressing various aspects of the epidemic and methods to enhance prevention efforts, all indicate that although extensive knowledge regarding how to reduce HIV risks among drug users has accumulated, many areas for further research and intervention development remain.
Enduring achievement: Authenticating success beyond adequate yearly progress

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Sustaining learning through school is crucial for urban students suffering from unequal educational outcomes. Andy Hargreaves and Dean Fink (2006) write that sustained learning extends beyond regurgitation on standardized tests and involves learner engagement for deeper concept meaning. This study used the Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO), a taxonomy developed by John Biggs and Kevin Collis which characterizes five (5) levels of learning depth, to determine the internalization of word attack and mathematics computational skills for a group of third, fourth and fifth grade students. Twenty-two students and six teachers participated in the study. Results showed the students had very low internalization of word attack and moderate internalization of calculation skills. The deepest internalization was found in fifth grade calculation. Teachers responded that SOLO gives an accurate reflection of student learning and is helpful in developing instruction to deepen understanding.
The use and non-use of the government financial report by Maltese Members of Parliament

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the use and non-use of the Government Financial Report by Maltese Members of Parliament (MPs). It refers to information overload theory to analyse the gap between financial reports and their relevance for decision making. Design/methodology/approach A mix of qualitative (interviews) and quantitative (questionnaire) research tools are applied, with the Maltese MPs being the research participants. This method is acclaimed to be comprehensive, but this study highlights certain disadvantages when applied in the political arena. Findings The characteristics of the information itself could be the main cause of information overload, resulting in the non-use of the financial report for decision making. Politicians refer to financial data for their decision making, but not to the data presented in the financial report. Irrespective of the politician’s professional background, the data in the financial report is perceived as incomplete and outdated. Practical implications The cause of information overload and its effects are important considerations for preparers of financial information and accounting standard setters, if they wish that their production is relevant for decision makers. Originality/value There is an increase in research concerning politicians’ use of budgetary and performance information, at local and regional levels of government. This study investigates exclusively the use of the financial report by politicians at central level, in a politically stable environment.
Determinants of institutional agricultural credit access and its linkage with farmer satisfaction in India: a moderated-mediation analysis

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Purpose The study assesses the relationship between institutional credit access and farmer satisfaction using contextual mediating and moderating variables. This study identifies various socioeconomic, service features and service quality determinants impacting institutional credit access. Design/methodology/approach The authors used the stratified random sampling method and selected 512 farmers from 40 villages in Maharashtra, India. Initially, the study employed probit regression analysis to identify the credit adoption determinants. Subsequently, the relationship between institutional credit and farmer satisfaction is identified through moderated-mediation analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and Analysis of a Moment Structures (SPSS - AMOS model). Findings Probit model's results suggest that socioeconomic variables like education and bank distance; service quality variables like prompt service and employee behavior; and service characteristics variables like the interest rate, loan sanction time, repayment period, and documents for loan application significantly affect institutional credit adoption across the smallholders. Subsequently, the results of the moderating-mediation analysis show that working capital, perceived value and risk perception partially mediate the association between credit adoption and farmer satisfaction. The mediated effects are further moderated by farm advisory services and financial knowledge and skills. Research limitations/implications The study is restricted in opportunity due to primary data, and it considers only farmers' perspectives to measure service quality and service features as constraints for institutional credit access. Practical implications The government, nongovernment organizations, civil societies and private institutions should provide sufficient financial knowledge and training to the farmers via extension services to utilize the borrowed capital effectively to bring economic welfare and mental satisfaction. Originality/value The existing literature rarely considered banking service quality and service features (demand side) variables as determinants of credit access. Further, the study brings novelty in examining how the capital management cognitive factors of the formal credit adopters influence the relationship between credit access and satisfaction.
Capacity Optimization of Steinmetz Compensation Circuit for Electrification Railway Unbalance Controll

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Current unbanlance is one of the three-phase traction substation power quality problems. Through comparative analysis of commonly used unbalanced control methods for electrification railway, it can be seen that Steinmetz compensation theory is the effective solution for electrification railway unbalance.But the Steinmetz compensation capacity is large. If compensation target is limited in the unbalanced degree within the scope of the national standard, the compensation capacity can be greatly reduced. Through the optimization of the compensation measures and MATLAB simulation verification, the results have been showed that the optimizing compensation measures can greatly reduce the compensation capacity for meeting the national unbalanced degree standard.
Clinical Results of Clavicle fracture using J plate.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

From August 1997 to February 2000 we treated 16 clavicle fractures using the J plate and followed up on them for more than 4 months. The patients consisted of 10 males and 4 females with ages ranging from 15 to 80. According to the Robinson's classification method, all fractures were classified as Type 2 (1 case was Type 2A1, 3 cases were Type 2B1 and 10 cases were Type 2B2). We allowed 90 degrees abduction of the shoulder joint 4 weeks after the operation. All fractures achieved union, but union was delayed in 1 case. Plate failure occurred in 1 case, the bending of the J plate was seen 2 weeks after the operation and this deformation continued for 6 weeks. After the fracture achieved union, bending of the J plate stopped. We concluded that J plate is useful for midclavicle fractures.
Localized phase contrast imaging at the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In its basic form, phase contrast imaging (PCI) provides line-integrated measurements of electron density fluctuations in plasmas. As turbulent fluctuations in magnetically confined plasmas have wave vectors almost perpendicular to the background magnetic field, the signals scattered by fluctuations from different parts of the PCI line-of-sight (LoS) are spatially separated in focal planes of the plasma. This allows localized PCI measurements by placing a mask in such a plane, to only permit signals from specific parts of the LoS to reach the PCI detectors. The present paper describes modeling and design of localization masks for the PCI system at the Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) stellarator as well as the first results obtained using the masks in the recent long-pulse W7-X experimental campaign. During this project, we have extended the theory describing the mask response within the Fraunhofer diffraction model. As a novel development, we show from first principles that the mask response is determined by the fraction of power of the scattered beam spots that passes the mask. These insights have been used to select the W7-X mask design, consisting of a circular cutout, allowing the unscattered beam spot to pass the mask, with wedges covering a fixed angular range outside the central cutout. In the recent W7-X experimental campaign, the masks have verified the location of the main turbulence features observed by the PCI system and provided new information about the location of short-wavelength magnetohydrodynamic modes.
Secondary glaucoma and visual axis opacification in aphakic and pseudophakic patients following congenital cataract surgery: A 28-year longitudinal case series

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To determine the incidence, timing and risk factors for glaucoma and visual axis opacification development following surgery for congenital cataract in the first year of life. Methods: A prospective case series of all cataract surgery performed in Temple Street Children’s University Hospital over a 28-year period was conducted. A total of 93 subjects (135 eyes) were analysed. Sixty-two eyes had a primary intraocular lens inserted at the time of surgery; 73 eyes were aphakic. We recorded patient demographics, age at surgery, length of follow-up, rates and time to diagnosis of glaucoma and rates of visual axis opacification. Relative risk analysis was performed to identify potential risk factors for secondary glaucoma and visual axis opacification. Results: Mean length of follow-up was 160.02 ± 64.42 months (13.3 years), range 40–336 months. Final mean LogMAR across all groups was 0.85 ± 0.51 (0.90). Overall 45 (33.33%) eyes developed secondary glaucoma, 12 (19.4%) in pseudophakic eyes and 33 (45.21%) in aphakic eyes. The incidence of glaucoma was highest in bilateral aphakia (relative risk 1.96, p = 0.0240) and in eyes with corneal diameter <9.5 mm (relative risk 1.93, p = 0.0364). There was no significant difference in glaucoma rates between pseudophakia and aphakia in those operated on less than 2.5 months of age. Secondary glaucoma occurred between 3 months to 16.5 years post surgery. Rates of visual axis opacification were lower in aphakia compared to pseudophakia (relative risk 0.59, p = 0.0098). Conclusion: Overall glaucoma rates of one-third are similar to those recorded in the infantile aphakic treatment study. It can occur up to 17 years post cataract surgery, evidence that long-term follow-up is imperative.
Hordeum spontaneum K.Koch, HOR 22056

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

PGRFA accession of IPK Gatersleben Plant Genetic Resource Taxon: Hordeum spontaneum K.Koch Accession number: HOR 22056 Conserved by: DEU146 Acquisition: 2002 Origin country: ISR Biological status: Wild MLS status: Included AEGIS status: Not included Historic: No
Bank Regulation, Macroeconomic Management, and Monetary Incentives in OECD Economies

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper argues that banks operating in systems where monetary and regulatory authority are unified in a central bank expect and receive preferential monetary policies, and so act less prudently than do banks in non-unified systems. These incentives arise when the natural tension between counter-cyclical monetary policy and pro-cyclical regulatory policy is resolved in ways that benefit the banking sector. I test the hypothesis using time series cross-sectional regression models that exploit two types of policy interventions—accession to the European monetary union, and several reassignments of domestic regulatory authority—within OECD countries from 1992 to 2009, the period during which the international Basel accords harmonized key aspects of national regulatory standards. The results strongly support the claim that there is a relationship between risk behaviors of banks and the location of regulatory and monetary authority.
Binding of Fatty Acid Amide Amphiphiles to Bovine Serum Albumin: Role of Amide Hydrogen Bonding

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The study of protein-surfactant interactions is important because of the widespread use of surfactants in industry, medicine, and pharmaceutical fields. Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate (SL-Sar) is a widely used surfactant in cosmetics, shampoos. In this paper, we studied the interactions of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with SL-Sar and sodium N-lauroylglycinate (SL-Gly) by use of a number of techniques, including fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry. The binding strength of SL-Sar is stronger than that of structurally similar SL-Gly, which differs only by the absence of a methyl group in the amide nitrogen atom. Also, these two surfactants exhibit different binding patterns with the BSA protein. The role of the amide bond and hence the surfactant headgroup in the binding mechanism is discussed in this paper. It was observed that while SL-Sar destabilized, SL-Gly stabilized the protein structure, even at concentrations less than the critical micelle concentration (cmc) value. The thermodynamics of surfactant binding to BSA was studied by use of ITC. From the ITC results, it is concluded that three molecules of SL-Sar in contrast to only one molecule of SL-Gly bind to BSA in one set of binding sites at room temperature. However, on increasing temperature four molecules of SL-Gly bind to the BSA through H-bonding and van der Waals interactions, due to loosening of the BSA structure. In contrast, with SL-Sar the binding process is enthalpy driven, and very little structural change of BSA was observed at higher temperature.
Insecticide Seed Treatment of Soybeans in Relation to Phytotoxicity and Seed-Corn Maggot Control12

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Insecticide Seed Treatment of Soybeans in Relation to Phytotoxicity and Seed-Corn Maggot Control Get access K. J. Starks, K. J. Starks Iowa State College, Ames Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. H. Lilly J. H. Lilly Iowa State College, Ames Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 48, Issue 5, 1 October 1955, Pages 538–543, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/48.5.538 Published: 01 October 1955
Association of Coronary Artery Disease with Psoriasis in a Group of Jordanian Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To study the association between psoriasis and coronary artery disease, and to compare the rate of coronary artery disease in a group of Jordanian patients with moderate to severe psoriasis to that in a group of non-psoriatic patients. Methods: This retrospective review was conducted at King Hussein Medical Center (AmmanJordan) and Prince Ali Bin Alhussein Hospital (Karak-Jordan). Data were collected from March 2008 to October 2012. Psoriasis group included 157 Jordanian patients with moderate to severe psoriasis, while control group included 183 non-psoriatic, Jordanian patients. Patients in both groups were matched by age, sex, and risk factors of coronary artery disease (smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and family history of coronary artery disease). Rate of coronary artery disease in psoriasis group was compared to that in non-psoriasis group. Results: The rates and P-value of coronary artery disease risk factors in psoriasis group compared to controls were as follows: mean age (42.2 y, 37.6 y, 0.03), male gender (64.9%, 61.2%, 0.05), smoking (62.4%, 58.5%, 0.43), hypertension (39.5%, 41.5%, 0.27), diabetes (38.2%, 37.7%, 0.31), hyperlipidemia (18.4%, 17.5%, 0.44) and family history of coronary artery disease (33.1%, 31.1%, 0.04). After matching for these risk factors, the rate of coronary artery disease in psoriasis group, and in controls was 7.0%, and 1.6%, respectively, with P-value<0.001. Conclusion: Even after matching for other risk factors, the rate of coronary artery disease is still higher in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis than in patients without psoriasis. So, moderate to severe psoriasis is independently associated with coronary artery disease.
The Modern Trombone in the African American Church: Shout Bands and the African American Preacher in the United House of Prayer

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The United House of Prayer was established by Marcelino Manuel da Graça (1881-1960), who is also known as Charles Manuel “Sweet Daddy” Grace, or “Daddy” Grace. He founded and developed the use of the shout bands which are charismatic gospel trombone ensembles within this church. This study explores the importance of shout bands and examines them from multiple perspectives focusing in particular on worship practices. Additionally, it examines rhythmic elements as the most important characteristic of music performed by these unique ensembles, rhythms that reflect the preacher’s personal timing and inflections that the trombones then imitate. The approach used here supports a deeper understanding of the United House of Prayer and of the trombone in church services of this denomination. Indeed, it ultimately establishes the trombone’s role in the United House of Prayer.
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels in Children from Chernobyl

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study assesses parameters of thyroid function in persons who resided in Ukraine, Belarus, and southern Russia and exposed at 0 to 16 years of age to radioiodine contamination from the Chernobyl accident.Six to eight years after the accident a group of 300 young people who had immigrated to Israel were interviewed, underwent physical and ultrasound thyroid examination, and had their serum tested for thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH), thyroid hormones, thyroglobulin, and antithyroid antibodies.Comparative groups came from areas with high (> 1 Ci/km2) or low (< 1 Ci/km2) 137CS ground contamination.Girls from high contamination areas, when compared to girls from areas with low ground contamination, showed significant upward shifts in levels of serum TSH (p=0.023)although remaining within normal limits.Boys showed no significant differences.There was no evidence for differences in thyroid size or nodularity between the two groups of girls.A working hypothesis is proposed by which the shift in TSH levels in girls from high radiocontamination areas was associated with subclinical radiation damage from environmental radioiodine at the time of the accident.
Phytochemical constituents of the flowers of <i>Sarcococca coriacea</i> of Nepalese origin

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

From the flowers of Sarcococca coriacea, a triterpenoic acid, oleanolic acid, a pentahydric sugar alcohol, xylitol along with the mixture of steroidal glycosides, stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside have been isolated by chromatographic technique. Their structures were established on the basis of IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, spectral data as well as melting point and Co-TLC comparison with the authentic samples. DOI: 10.3126/jncs.v21i0.214Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Vol.21 2006 p.1-7
The Quality of Life of Caregivers of Children with Chronic Conditions

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This dissertation is comprised of two papers that address the quality of life (QOL) of caregivers of children with chronic conditions. The first paper is a literature review that critically evaluates study findings pertaining to the quality of life of primary caregivers of children with chronic conditions to determine current findings and gaps. Using a systematic approach, findings were categorized, organized and synthesized using the four domains of the Ferrans Conceptual Model for Quality of Life (QOL). This review showed that the time commitment associated with caring for a child who has a chronic condition affects the reported QOL of the primary caregivers. The QOL of the caregiver as it relates to health, psychological well-being, social networks and support, and the family dynamic can be negatively impacted when a significant amount of time is being committed to the care of the child with a chronic condition. The noted outcomes of QOL among caregivers can vary based on the severity of the child’s condition and the caregiver’s perceived QOL. It was concluded that more studies on quality of life in childhood chronic illness would add to the body of knowledge and hopefully increase the awareness of these caregivers’ needs for clinicians who care for these children. \nThe second paper is a mixed methods study that assessed the relationship between the caregiver’s QOL, the child’s functional status and the well-being of the family unit. Results of the Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index Generic Version (QLI), the Functional Status Measure II and the Family APGAR were analyzed. The caregivers’ overall QOL scores were divided into upper and lower quartiles which facilitated the inspection of the qualitative data collected from the caregiver. This analysis was conducted to better understand the aspects of the caregiver’s own life and daily routine that affected their self-reported QOL. \nThis study shows that the reported functioning of a child with a chronic condition and the well-being of the family unit were directly related to their QOL. The quantitative analysis showed that the measures of QOL, child’s functional status and family well-being were strongly positively correlated. The overall QOL mean scores of the upper and lower quartile were significantly different. QOL was impacted by financial strains within the family as a result of the child’s condition, support within the family unit and psychological stressors of the genetic nature of the child’s condition.