jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The use of the fibre optic recorder in ultrasonic imaging

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ultrasonic imaging techniques are now firmly established as routine investigations in many radiological departments. The majority of commercially produced scanners at present in use employ storage oscilloscopes for both viewing and photography. These are satisfactory for most routine obstetric examinations where a clearly defined image permitting accurate measurement is desirable. The contours of large organs can also be well delineated by this method but tissue detail cannot be displayed. Grey scale techniques were developed to overcome this and a variety of applications has been described mainly by Kossoff and his colleagues (Kossoff, 1972; Kossoff et al., 1974), and by Taylor et al. (1973; 1974; 1975; 1976).
Deforestation and the Sumatera elephant roaming area in East Aceh Regency

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Reduced forest or deforestation is widespread in East Aceh Regency for plantation, agriculture and settlement purposes. Forests in Sumatra, including in East Aceh Regency are Sumatran Elephant habitat (Elephas maximus sumatranus). However, encroachment resulted in this fauna threatened sustainability, whereas Sumatran elephants are endangered species protected by law both since Dutch colonialism, post-independence, and international regulations, and Sumatran elephants have an vital ecosystem role but are seen as a nuisance to the local economy in East Aceh Regency, so it is not electrocuted, killed and abused. This paper reviews the deforestation of the Sumatran Elephant in East Aceh Regency. The results of the study show that elephant roaming areas intersect with deforestation that occurred in East Aceh Regency. As an alternative local economy, there is still the potential of ecotourism with the mascot of the Sumatran elephant. Thus the Sumatran elephant is still able to be sustainable, and the forest as habitat is maintained.
Analyzing the Keyword for Image Evaluation of Construction Industry

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Domestic construction industry is being recognized negative images to the general public and employees from its fault construction, corruption scandals, offering a bribe, 3D jobs, etc. Thus, to suggest its image evaluation keyword in this study, estimating image of domestic construction industry from the public and employees annually, had an interview from different groups, such as an ordering agency composed of expert group, related to construction business, construction industry or association and the research institute or the academic community and analyzed the construction related articles gathered in 5 years from Chosun Newspaper or Hankyoreh Newspaper, having their own identity from its side among several local media. The image evaluation key word from this study can be used as the evaluation item estimating the level of image of construction industry quantitively and expect to used for important basic data finding improvement method for advanced image of construction industry.
A cross‐sectional study of hydroxychloroquine concentrations and effects in people with systemic lupus erythematosus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background/Aims To investigate the pharmacokinetics of hydroxychloroquine ( HCQ ) and relationships of HCQ concentration with disease activity variables (concentration–effect relationships) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE ). Methods HCQ concentration and disease activity were measured at a single time point in 60 patients with SLE receiving HCQ for at least 6 months. Some retrospective objective data on disease activity prior to HCQ commencement were available. Correlations were sought between HCQ blood concentrations and disease variables (Systemic Lupus Activity Measure (SLAM) scores, joint scores, morning stiffness, pain, well‐being, general improvement, other medication use (including corticosteroids), and physician and patient assessments). Blood HCQ concentrations were also dichotomised into ‘more’ and ‘less/no’ disease activity, and mean blood concentrations in the two groups for each disease activity measure were compared. Results The pharmacokinetics (dose–concentration relationships) of HCQ were highly variable in people with SLE . Apparent total clearance of HCQ from blood was 316 (± 319) m L /min (mean (± standard deviation). There was no correlation between SLAM score, patient global assessment or physician global assessment, and blood HCQ concentrations ( r 2 = 0.2, 0.04 and 0.13, respectively; P > 0.05). However, during HCQ therapy, 64% (14 of 22 patients) had a reduction in prednisolone dose of 50% or more compared with pre‐ HCQ therapy. Conclusions No significant concentration–effect relationship for HCQ in the treatment of SLE was observed perhaps because consistently high enough blood HCQ concentrations were not achieved. Pharmacokinetic variability led to a wide range of blood HCQ concentrations. A concentration‐targeting study for HCQ in SLE would be timely.
Stomaching: a New Concept in Bacteriological Sample Preparation

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

An entirely new mixing device, particularly suitable for preparing bacterial suspensions from foods, fabrics, swabs, and other fairly soft materials, has been developed. With this technique the sample and diluent are put into an inexpensive, sterile plastic bag which is vigorously pounded on its outer surfaces by paddles when placed inside the machine. The resulting compression and shearing forces effectively remove even deep-seated bacteria. After samples are taken for analysis the bag and its remaining contents are thrown away. Labor involved in cleaning and sterilizing reusable homogenizer cups or probes is eliminated, and the device is immediately ready for reuse. Running costs are thus drastically reduced, compared with conventional homogenizers. Additional advantages of this device, which is simple and inexpensive to manufacture, are low noise level, negligible temperature rise, and the small storage space required for bags.
"You are in a better position to protect people when you feel like you're protected yourself" : to what extent does union membership and ethical clinical social work practice align? : an exploratory study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to examine the question: “to what extent does union membership and ethical clinical social work practice align?” by interviewing Licensed Clinical Social Workers (LCSW) working within unionized environments. The study focused on the experience of these clinicians within their current working environment and how being a union member allowed them to be able to provide ethical clinical social work practice to their clients/patients. The most compelling findings from this research were that the clinicians felt that union membership did align with providing ethical clinical social work practice to their populations within their agencies or organizations. There were limitations and concerns when it came to union participation in the form of a strike. Participants had mixed responses regarding the ethical considerations that come about as a result of a strike and how it could potentially impact their clients/patients negatively. Implications for social practice and policy highlight the need for further research in how the values of both labor unions and the field of clinical social work are closely aligned and in turn how can that help clinicians provide the most ethical care possible.
TRAININGPERFORMANCE PHYSICAL FITNESS COMPONENTS ASSOCIATION WITH HOCKEY PLAYING ABILITY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study is intent ended to investigate the standard performance physical fitness components to assess the relation with Hockey female playing performance. The data was collected from 82 female players of national level representation of Andhra Pradesh state were selected for this study. The age group of the subjects were ranged from 18 years to 20 years. The standard performance physical fitness components were Cardiovascular Endurance (600 yard dash), Speed (50Mts Sprint), Agility (Illinois Agility), Passive flexibility (Bridge Up), Accuracy (Accuracy test), Reaction ability (Nelson hand reaction), Dynamic balance (Balance), Hand explosive strength (Medicine ball put). The data was analysis done using the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation was set at 0.05 level of significance. The findings discovered that a significant relationship on hockey performance ability indicate that there was significant relationship was coefficient of correlations of Cardiovascular Endurance (0.283), Speed (0.526), Agility (0.268), Passive flexibility (0.263), Accuracy (0.463), Reaction ability (0.295), Dynamic balance (0.253), and Hand explosive strength 0.397) had positive and significant correlations with playing ability of hockey players at 5% level. Other components of physical fitness, i.e. muscular strength (-0.104), muscular endurance (-0.14), muscular power (-0.061), endurance (0.123) and Active flexibility (0.169) have no significant correlation with playing ability of hockey players. It suggests that Cardiovascular Endurance (0.183), Speed (0.526), Agility (0.268), Passive flexibility (0.263), Accuracy (0.463), Reaction ability (0.295), Dynamic balance (0.253), Hand explosive strength (0.397) have inverse relations with playing performance ability of hockey players
The Theoretical Exploring of U. S. Military Academies on Management Case Teaching

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Management case teaching,generally means to teach with real organizational specific facts as background and discuss interactively between students and teachers which aims at finding potential problems the organization of and proposing some solutions.According to the theory of education,management ability can not be taught through a step-by step procedures and must be promptly summed by pressing in a real high level of training and practical lessons to get.Based on this understanding,practice-oriented teaching case has become one of the important methods of U.S.military officer management capacity-building system.It is worth noting that the U.S.military academies do not deem case teaching just as a teaching method,but rather focus extensively on the latest achievements of the educational theory as theoretical guide,and make its integration into the overall instructional design.Specifically,the U.S.military academies have made their progress of management case teaching in mainly three areas as follows: First,they have built up its theoretical basis of the case teaching from the knowledge classification theories;Second,they have developed a case teaching model of experiential learning;Third,they have actively explored new case teaching method of After-Action Review(AAR).This article aims to systematically probe into the U.S.experience for reference.
Some experiences of radar observation of cyclonic storms in the southern Bay of Bengal

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

From a study of eight cyclonic storms observed with the Cyclone Warning Radar, Madras from 1972 to 1977 an assessment of the information obtainable by radar on cyclones in the Indian seas is attempted. Storms in this part of the Bay may be divided broadly into two categories: (i) well developed ones exhibiting a distinct eye and other features generally associated with hurricanes and typhoons and (ii) immature ones which do not have well developed banding. The latter are difficult to track by radar though useful information can be obtained regarding their structure. Cyclones in the former category can usually be tracked from a range of about 300 to 350 km. Fixes in initial stages have to be co-ordinated very closely with satellite and synoptic evidence, and may have a wide margin of error. Usual radar predictors of storm motion such as echo concentration etc are not reliable for any individual storm. Extrapolation of radar track is usually successful except in cases of recurvature. Radar gives considerable operationally useful information on size and shape of the eye, areal extent of precipitation, location of sectors of intense precipitation and structure of clouds in different sectors. Shrinkage of the eye usually indicates intensification. Persistent changes in degree of organisation over long periods appear to be a sign of change in, storm intensity; changes with time in heights and intensities of individual clouds of the eyewall of a given storm appear correlated with storm intensity. Information on areal distribution of echoes can probably be used in realtime while issuing warnings.
BLEVE Energy and Aerosol Formation: An Exergy Analysis

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The hazards from a boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE) include the formation of a blast wave and the projection of missiles. To understand the maximum work that can be obtained from a BLEVE, the authors have investigated in previous publications certain aspects of BLEVE behavior using exergy analysis. One of the key limitations in relating exergy calculations to more realistic behavior is the lack of knowledge of how the exergy of the explosion is partitioned into various types of work that occur in the BLEVE process. Some of these work terms include the formation and propagation of a shock wave, the strain work of vessel deformation and rupture into missiles, the initial kinetic energy of the missiles, and the surface work of aerosol droplet formation. In this paper we explore one of these work terms, the surface work performed in transforming the bulk liquid into aerosol droplets. The advantage of using exergy analysis to evaluate the maximum work of an explosion is that exergy is a state variable: its value depends only on the initial conditions of the high pressure fluid and the specification of the dead state. The methodology is illustrated for several pure component fluids.
Elastic Anomalies in Fe–Al Spin Glasses

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The temperature dependence of elastic constants of quenched Fe 1- x Al x ( x =0.26, 0.30 and 0.32) single crystals was measured by a ultrasonic pulse-echo technique from 4.2 K to 300 K under applied magnetic fields. For the ferromagnetic alloy with x =0.26, the Δ E effect was observed in the C 44 mode. The reentrant spin glass alloy with x =0.30 also shows the Δ E effect in C 44 above 90 K, which corresponds to the reentrant spin glass freezing temperature, T f . Below T f the Δ E effect completely disappears, indicating freezing of spins or magnetic clusters. In the spin glass alloy with x =0.32 a slight softening of C 44 was observed around T f determined by magnetization measurements. These observations indicate that the elastic measurement provides an useful experimental method of determining the spin glass freezing temperature, in particular, for reentrant type spin glasses.
Exploring the Use of the Term 'Bao' on the Internet

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In recent years, as society continues to change, internet epithets have gone through generations of change. Scholars' enthusiasm for epithets peaked in the last decade but rapidly faded away. This article explores the origins and influence of the Internet address form 'Bao'. It examines the phenomenon of 'virtual intimacy' in the social use of the term 'Bao'. "The term 'Bao' has become popular because of a movie and some hot stems and was initially used in intimate relationships between parents and children or couples. This application has greatly solved the dilemma faced by Internet users and brought people closer to each other while reflecting the diverse psychology of contemporary people in choosing address words in online social networking. The term 'Bao' embodies the principle of economy of language, and the use of a relatively small number of words reflects the great utility of language, injecting new power into online terms of endearment while reflecting the homogenisation of social language. It also provokes reflection on 'virtual intimacy' in a social atmosphere.
LHD NB1arm #160798.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The neutral beam (NB) shine-through profile is routinely monitored on the Large Helical Device (LHD) both to calibrate the port-through power of the NB and to evaluate the NB-deposition power to LHD plasmas. The profile is measured with a calorimeter (CM) array on an armor plate of the NB counter wall inside the LHD vacuum vessel.
LHD Langmuir5 #131034.112

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Langmuir probes on divertor plates to investigate divertor plasma parameters and fluctuation characteristics of ion flux near the divertor plates. Total 400 Langmuir probes embedded on 20 divertor plates on each of which 20 electrodes are aligned every 6 mm. Sweeping and sampling frequency is normally 250 kHz.
Quantitation of Backflow in Patients with Aortic Insufficiency Using an Indicator Technic

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A method is reported which permits the estimation of the time-course of backflow velocity in the descending aorta of patients with insufficiency of the aortic valve. Instantaneous back-velocities in excess of 100 cm./sec. have been observed. Evidence suggesting the existence of an oscillation in aortic flow during diastole in some patients is presented. An index to the "volume of backflow per stroke" is described.
Multivariate and Bayesian Network Analyses of the Factors Causing Belief Conflicts That Deteriorate Teamwork and Cause Stress among Pharmacists during Proposals and Inquiries of Prescription

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Pharmacists working in collaboration with doctors are mainly involved in proposals and inquiries of prescription. At such times, belief conflicts are expected to deteriorate teamwork and induce stress. However, there is no strong evidence for this. To clarify factors resulting in belief conflicts, we conducted a survey among 594 pharmacists working at medical institutions in Gifu City and belonging to Gifu Pharmaceutical Association or Gifu Prefectural Society of Hospital Pharmacists between January 2019 and April 2019. The items of the survey were gender, place of employment, pharmacist working experience (years), awareness of "professional competencies for pharmacists" stated in Model Core Curriculum for Pharmacy Education -2015 version-, whether each item of "professional competencies for pharmacists" is applicable to himself/herself or not, whether teamwork deteriorates and stress occurs due to proposals and inquiries of prescription or not, and Assessment of Belief Conflict in Relationship-14 (ABCR-14). The recovery rate of the questionnaire was 50.3% and the valid response rate was 77.6%. Multiple logistic regression and Bayesian network analyses revealed that "I can empathize with a patient's feelings and emotions, but I experience difficulty with unfair criticism" commonly resulted in teamwork deterioration due to proposals of prescription. "Pharmacist working experience years (more than 10 years)" and "The other staff make unreasonable demands of me in the work" commonly resulted in stress. Thus, belief conflicts in therapeutic relationships result in teamwork deterioration and stress in prescription proposals.
[Deep brain stimulation and neuroethics].

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The use of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for mental disorders has been discussed in Japan from the viewpoint of ethical problems. Trials of experimental therapies require a basis of sound scientific rationale. New standard therapy emerges from such trials through detailed analysis of the outcome and side effects. Long-suffering patients with intractable symptoms may desperately seek an experimental therapy even though it has not yet been accepted as standard therapy. The ethical committee of each institution evaluates the level of scientific rationale and the expected level of benefits on the bias of the reported data, and decides whether the patients can receive the experimental therapy. However, the use of DBS for mental disorders is not based on sound scientific rational, since the disease mechanisms involved are far from understood. The data reported from the previous trials are insufficient for assuring the satisfactory results for mental disoder patients. Most institutions in Japan do not accept such levels of scientific rationale and expected benefits. Furthermore, from the cultural perspective, strong skepticism exists in Japan with regard to surgical interventions for mental disorders. Such an attitude is unexpectedly in harmony with many of the subjects currently discussed in the field of neuroethics. For example, who has the right to control DBS? How does someone decide the level of control of mental function by DBS? These questions are related to the discussion on how human society is formed and how the ethics are decided by considering both scientific rationale and human society.
Developing a stroke-vision care pathway: a consensus study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

We aimed to develop a stroke-vision care pathway for stroke survivors with visual impairment. A literature review searched key electronic bibliographic databases for care pathways related to stroke/vision. Two focus group meetings using semi-structured/nominal group technique reached consensus on items relevant for inclusion in a stroke-vision care pathway. Following the development of the pathway, we obtained feedback through consultation with patient and professional groups. The literature review identified two care pathways relevant to acute stroke and generic vision disorders. Outputs from focus groups related to how stroke survivors present with vision problems; the time points at which stroke survivors present with vision symptoms; the relevance of different types of visual condition to different vision services; the importance of support services supplementary to hospital services and; the importance of key resources to promote awareness of vision problems in stroke survivors. Refinement of the pathway considered time duration from stroke onset, reporting of symptoms to services, and signposting/referrals required dependent on visual condition type. This new stroke-vision care pathway is a process pathway describing potential options for stroke survivors with visual impairment to access health care and obtain appropriate referral(s) to vision services relevant to their specific vision problem(s).IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONVisual impairment is a common consequence of stroke.It is imperative that those who care for stroke survivors are aware of the visual consequences of stroke and make the appropriate referrals for vision and support services.The stroke-vision care pathway is a process pathway that describes the potential options for stroke survivors with visual impairment to access health care and obtain the appropriate referral(s) to vision services relevant to their specific vision problem(s).The stroke-vision care pathway is available (free to download) from the VISION research unit (www.vision-research.co.uk) website and available as supplemental information with this publication. Visual impairment is a common consequence of stroke. It is imperative that those who care for stroke survivors are aware of the visual consequences of stroke and make the appropriate referrals for vision and support services. The stroke-vision care pathway is a process pathway that describes the potential options for stroke survivors with visual impairment to access health care and obtain the appropriate referral(s) to vision services relevant to their specific vision problem(s). The stroke-vision care pathway is available (free to download) from the VISION research unit (www.vision-research.co.uk) website and available as supplemental information with this publication.