jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of the CopB Auxiliary Replication Control System on Stability of Maintenance of Par Plasmid R1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Plasmid R1 is a low-copy-number plasmid that is present at a level of about four or five copies per average cell. The copy number is controlled posttranscriptionally at the level of synthesis of the rate-limiting initiator protein RepA. In addition to this, R1 has an auxiliary system that derepresses a second promoter at low copy numbers, leading to increased repA mRNA synthesis. This promoter is normally switched off by a constitutively synthesized plasmid-encoded repressor protein, CopB; in cells with low copy numbers, the concentration of CopB is low and the promoter is derepressed. Here we show that the rate of loss of a Par derivative of the basic replicon of R1 increased about sevenfold when the cells contained a high concentration of the CopB protein formed from a compatible plasmid. The basic replicon (the smallest part of a plasmid that is able to replicate and to have the normal copy number) of IncFII plasmid R1 (13) consists of an origin of replication (oriR1), the structural gene (repA) for a protein involved in initiation of replication, a gene for an antisense RNA (CopA) that post-transcriptionally controls expression of the repA mRNA, and the copB gene (Fig. 1A). The repA gene is transcribed from two
Open Access A P19 Cardiac Cell Line as a Model for Evaluating Cardiac Tissue

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract: Our objective was to develop a suitable cardiomyocyte progenitor cell line for use in testing biomaterials as potential scaffolds in cardiac tissue engineering. We transfected P19 cells with the human cardiac -actin promoter driving the gene for puromycin resistance, to create a stable cardiomyocyte-selectable P19 cell line, termed P19(CA-Puro). Puromycin selection resulted in a 4-10 fold enrichment of cardiac muscle gene expression and a 3-fold enrichment in cardiomyocytes. Morphological, biochemical, and functional analyses were used to evaluate the properties of P19(CA-Puro) cardiomyocytes in the presence and absence of a novel cross-linked collagen-based biomaterial. The collagen-based biomaterial was able to support appropriate viability, gene expression, and cardiomyocyte function. Therefore, P19(CA-Puro) cells are suitable for examining biomaterials as potential scaffolds and this approach could be used for rapidly screening biomaterials for designing future human embryonic stem cell therapies.
Bioorthogonal PEGylation Prolongs the Elimination\nHalf-Life of N‑TIMP2 While Retaining MMP Inhibition

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases\n(TIMPs) are natural inhibitors\nof the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family of proteins, whose members\nare key regulators of the proteolysis of extracellular matrix components\nand hence of multiple biological processes. In particular, imbalanced\nactivity of matrix metalloproteinase-14 (MMP-14) may lead to the development\nof cancer and cardiovascular and other diseases. This study aimed\nto engineer TIMP2, one of the four homologous TIMPs, as a potential\ntherapeutic by virtue of its ability to bind to the active-site Zn<sup>2+</sup> of MMP-14. However, the susceptibility to degradation of\nTIMP2 and its small size, which results in a short circulation half-life,\nlimit its use as a therapeutic. PEGylation was thus used to improve\nthe pharmacokinetic profile of TIMP2. PEGylation of the MMP-targeting\nN-terminal domain of TIMP2 (N-TIMP2), via either cysteine or lysine\nresidues, resulted in a significant decrease in N-TIMP2 affinity toward\nMMP-14 or multisite conjugation and conjugate heterogeneity, respectively.\nOur strategy designed to address this problem was based on incorporating\na noncanonical amino acid (NCAA) into N-TIMP2 to enable site-specific\nmono-PEGylation. The first step was to incorporate the NCAA propargyl\nlysine (PrK) at position S31 in N-TIMP2, which does not interfere\nwith the N-TIMP2–MMP-14 binding interface. Thereafter, site-specific\nPEGylation was achieved via a click chemistry reaction between N-TIMP2-S31PrK\nand PEG-azide-20K. Inhibition studies showed that PEGylated N-TIMP2-S31PrK\ndid indeed retain its inhibitory activity toward MMP-14. The modified\nprotein also showed improved serum stability vs non-PEGylated N-TIMP2.\nIn vivo pharmacokinetic studies in mice revealed a significant 8-fold\nincrease in the elimination half-life of PEGylated N-TIMP2 vs the\nnon-PEGylated protein. This study shows that site-specific bioorthogonal\nmono-PEGylation extends the half-life of N-TIMP2 without impairing\nits biological activity, thereby highlighting the advantage of this\nstrategy for generating potent PEGylated proteins.
A Conceptual Framework for Immersive Acoustic Auralisation: Investigating the Key Attributes

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In architectural acoustics, the assessment of sound propagation in interior and/or environmental conditions has now become progressively more prominent throughout the past few decades, as a response to the development of advanced prediction tools. Within the adaptation of virtual reality (VR) systems, it is necessary to considerably expedite the prediction and simulation software as well as to enable flexible and responsive data analysis during simulation and 3D audio sensory projection. To generate ideal immersion in a simulated virtual environment, the generated stimulus across all senses should therefore be coherent. Accordingly, in the domain of acoustic in virtual reality, the system sound simulation must be constructed efficiently in order to convey the auditory stimuli to the user in an appropriate manner. This necessitates the implementation of virtual reality system as an advanced prediction tool that can accurately anticipate and replicate realistic audio experiences. Therefore, this study explores the realm of acoustic virtual reality (AVR) through a critical review with the purpose of elucidating design attributes and determining factors in generating immersive acoustic VR experiences. In light of these findings, the aim of this paper is to develop a comprehensive conceptual framework that will serve as a beneficial guide and road map for future researchers and developers in the field.
Narratives of enterprise revisited: methodological appendices in ethnographic books

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose – This paper is the first in a series that reprints methodological appendices or methods chapters found in workplace and organisational ethnographic books, and provides an opportunity for reflection by the author through an introductory commentary. Simon Down, the author of Narratives of Enterprise (Down, 2006) reflects on the writing and the research underpinning his ethnography. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The reprinting of such chapters will enhance access to key ethnographic texts, and facilitate reflection on methodological choices authors made. In so doing this paper will provide insights into methodological ethnographic writing, and show how sensibilities and fashions change over time. Findings – Narratives of Enterprise (Down, 2006) examined how two small business managers in a single firm construct an entrepreneurial self-identity, and what this process of self-creation means for the individuals and how the firm is managed. The key topics explored in the book, self-identity as a conceptual tool and enterprise as a social and economic reality, have both grown in relevance and importance since the research was conducted. Down also reflects on that nature and dynamism of friendship in research practice. Originality/value – Reflection on choices made at some distance can provide particular and valuable insights into the development of research practice.
Late Paleozoic glaciation: Part VI, Asia: Discussion and reply

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Research Article| April 01, 1976 Late Paleozoic glaciation: Part VI, Asia: Discussion and reply: Discussion MARTIN SCHWARZBACH MARTIN SCHWARZBACH 1Geologisches Institut der Universität Köln, Zülpicher Strasse 49, 5 Köln, West Germany Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar GSA Bulletin (1976) 87 (4): 640. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87<640a:LPGPVA>2.0.CO;2 Article history first online: 01 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation MARTIN SCHWARZBACH; Late Paleozoic glaciation: Part VI, Asia: Discussion and reply: Discussion. GSA Bulletin 1976;; 87 (4): 640. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87<640a:LPGPVA>2.0.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract No Abstract Available. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
"Scalloping" of the Ureter

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

THE RECENT ADVENT of newer radiologic techniques and diagnostic methods such as renal angiography and radioisotope renography have brought forth a resurgence of interest in the entity of renovascular hypertension. While these procedures have achieved a high degree of accuracy and have gained considerable popularity, it is the feeling of many that intravenous urography is, and shall remain, a basic tool in the diagnosis of renal artery disease. It is the purpose of this report to emphasize a new, little-known urographic sign of this disease, "scalloping" of the ureter.

Report of a Case

A 31-year-old white male airman was admitted to US Air Force Hospital Wright-Patterson on June 20, 1963, for evaluation of hypertension. Hypertension was first discovered in May, 1963, when his blood pressure went as high as 220/150 mm Hg. At this time the patient was given chlorthalidone (Hygroton) and guanethidine sulfate (Ismelin), but no significant depression of
The Tryptophanase Gene Cluster of Haemophilus influenzae Type b: Evidence for Horizontal Gene Transfer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Among strains of Haemophilus influenzae, the ability to catabolize tryptophan (as detected by indole production) varies and is correlated with pathogenicity. Tryptophan catabolism is widespread (70 to 75%) among harmless respiratory isolates but is nearly universal (94 to 100%) among strains causing serious disease, including meningitis. As a first step in investigating the relationship between tryptophan catabolism and virulence, we have identified genes in pathogenic H. influenzae which are homologous to the tryptophanase (tna) operon of Escherichia coli. The tna genes are located on a 3.1-kb fragment between nlpD and mutS in the H. influenzae type b (Eagan) genome, are flanked by 43-bp direct repeats of an uptake signal sequence downstream from nlpD, and appear to have been inserted as a mobile unit within this sequence. The organization of this insertion is reminiscent of pathogenicity islands. The tna cluster is found at the same map location in all indole-positive strains of H. influenzae surveyed and is absent from reference type d and e genomes. In contrast to H. influenzae, most other Haemophilus species lack tna genes. Phylogenetic comparisons suggest that the tna cluster was acquired by intergeneric lateral transfer, either by H. influenzae or a recent ancestor, and that E. coli may have acquired its tnaA gene from a related source. Genomes of virulent H. influenzae resemble those of pathogenic enterics in having an island of laterally transferred DNA next to mutS.
Tumour necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces hepatic steatosis in viral hepatitis and after alcohol intake

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and aims: Tumour necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces apoptosis in transformed cells and is considered as an agent for cancer therapy. As there is evidence that TRAIL is also essential for apoptosis in animal models of liver injury, we investigated the role of TRAIL in viral hepatitis and after alcohol consumption. Methods: Expression of TRAIL was determined by western blot analysis in the liver of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection as well as in experimental acute adenoviral hepatitis and after alcohol intake in the liver of mice. To investigate the effect of FasL and TRAIL expression, we used low dose adenoviral gene transfer. Apoptosis and steatosis were assessed by TUNEL and fat red staining, and by caspase assays. Results: TRAIL was overexpressed in the liver of patients with HCV associated steatosis while acute adenoviral hepatitis resulted in upregulation of TRAIL-DR5. In contrast with FasL, TRAIL expression was harmless to healthy livers. However, in virally infected livers, TRAIL expression induced apoptosis and steatosis whereas expression of FasL only resulted in apoptosis of hepatocytes without steatosis. After alcohol intake, TRAIL expression led to hepatic steatosis, without apoptosis of hepatocytes, indicating that TRAIL mediated apoptosis and steatosis may be independently modulated after viral infection and alcohol intake. In viral hepatitis and after alcohol intake, Ad-TRAIL mediated steatosis can be inhibited by injection of a neutralising TRAIL antibody. Conclusions: We identified TRAIL as a new mediator of hepatic steatosis in viral hepatitis and after alcohol intake. Consequently, TRAIL mediated hepatotoxicity has to be considered in patients with viral hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease.
Effect of Feedback and Variation on Inspection Reliability

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The reliability of Non-destructive testing (NDT) is an on-going challenge. The consequences of failed inspections can be dire, and thus the requirements for NDT reliability are very high. The work is technically demanding and requires skilled use of the available equipment and keen judgement to properly discern flaw signals from noise. Somewhat paradoxically, the work is also very tedious and repetitive. Most of the inspected targets do not contain any flaws but the inspectors need to be constantly alert for the possibility. The recent studies on human factors have brought advances in (among other things) improved readability of inspection procedures and procedures of reviews and redundant inspections widely used in order to improve overall inspection reliability. In present paper, the effect of feedback and variation on inspector performance is studied. To test this, a small empirical study was completed. An online tool was created with a simplified UT set-up: B-scan image of the data and software gain control and tools to indicate cracks with point and click. The system generates random flawed data images on the fly. The user then analyses the images and indicates found flaws by clicking them. After 150 images have been analysed (many of them without flaws), the system uses the provided hits and misses to compute a POD curve and confidence bounds using standard (ASTM E2862) techniques. Additional "learning" version of the tool was created. In this "learning mode", after user requests next image, the system shows results of the current images (i.e. hits, misses and false calls in the current image). This set-up provides the inspector with direct feedback of his success and better facilitates learning this particular inspection task. The tool was presented to a small group of 9 inspectors in level-III inspector training and results were gathered from trainees both before and after training (and with and without feedback). The results from this small group of inspectors indicated, that the direct feedback on achieved reliability can quickly improve POD values. However, the study group was small and thus the results need further investigation and confirmation.
A clinical study of medical emergency treatment.An advance in diagnosis and treatment.Diagnosis and treatment of medical emergency patient by a symptom.The shock.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ショックとは循環動態の崩壊を主とした危機的状態であり,様々な原因によって生じる.ショックと診断したならば,可及的速やかに呼吸循環補助を行い,これを立て直すとともに並行して原因疾患に対する治療を行う.ショック状態を脱した後には原因疾患の治療を行うとともに,ショックによって生じ得る多臓器障害のチェック・治療をおこなう.ショックの初期治療は合併症予防および予後改善のために極めて重要である.
Improving future postoperative atrial fibrillation care: a 30,000-foot viewpoint

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: In the United States (US), post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common complication following cardiac surgery. In order to understand the opportunities to improve POAF patients’ care, this “30,000 foot” review evaluated the professional society POAF database/registry definitions and guideline recommendations. Methods: All US-based professional society organizations with an interventional cardiac database/registry and/or cardiac care guidelines were identified; from these, the POAF database definitions and guideline recommendations were evaluated using a content analysis approach. Results: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) POAF definition was the most frequently referenced definition (21% of key references). Only 50% (n = 5/10) US cardiac surgery databases/registries included any POAF definition; compared to STS, the other five definitions required substantially more detailed documentation. Across eight guidelines, three different types of POAF recommendations were found: risk assessment (n = 3); prevention (n =7); and management (n = 8). As a common feature, the risk assessment strategies tended to focus on advanced age (n = 6). Beta-blockers (n = 5) and amiodarone (n = 6) were common prevention approaches. Uniformly, anti-coagulation was the only management strategy (n = 8) recommended, barring any contraindications. Conclusion: Across ten professional societies, 50% had no POAF definition; of the remaining five, no POAF definitional consistency was found. Across the eight US-based professional society POAF-related guidelines, only anticoagulation was uniformly recommended. Given these “big picture” findings, professional societies are urged to work collaboratively to harmonize these divergent POAF definitions and consolidate their evidence-based guideline recommendations to improve future POAF patients’ quality of care.
Interconversion of Oxazepam Enantiomers During HPLC Separation. Determination of Thermodynamic Parameters

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Oxazepam undergoes reversible enantiomerization at ambient temperature. Standard solutions of this compound and extracts from tablets (both with c=0.1 mg/mL) were injected on a chiral HPLC column (Chirobiotic T) at various temperatures (273 K‐313 K, increment 5 K). The mobile phase with the composition MeOH/TEA/Hac (100/0, 1/0, 1) and flow rate 1.0 mL/min were used.Citation1 Both the separation and the interconverson process occurred simultaneously. The various profiles obtained by a UV detector included two peaks (unreacted zone) and a plateau sandwiched between two peaks (reacted zone). These profiles could be explained by on‐column enantiomerization. The unreacted molecule zone on the profile was fused with the reacted molecule zone. The computer assisted peak deconvolution procedure (Origin 7.0 section peak fitting) was used for the determination of peak areas in peak clusters. The deconvolution of experimentally obtained chromatograms enabled the resolved and determined areas of each zones. As follows, the peak areas were used for calculation of thermodynamic parameters of enantiomerization – apparent rate constants (k 1 app and k −1 app ), Gibbs free energy (ΔG 1 app , ΔG −1 app ), enthalpy (ΔH 1 app , ΔH −1 app ), and entropy (ΔS 1 app , ΔS −1 app ). Keywords: OxazepamEnergy barriersEnantiomerizationDeconvolution Acknowledgment The authors acknowledge the support of the Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic (VEGA 1/2460/05 and APVV‐20‐035‐205)
How serving a mission for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints might affect individuals’ self-esteem?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this research is to examine how serving a mission for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints might affect individuals' self-esteem. By analysing the results of a survey filled out by undergraduate students at a state university in Utah, this research has several findings: (1). About 71% of those who served a mission believed that the mission increased their self-esteem, and one major reason is that the mission helped them step outside their comfort zone and finishing a challenging task gave them a sense of achievement; (2). About 17% of those who served a mission believe that the mission decreased their self-esteem, and one major reason was that they felt that they could not meet the expectations. (3). The results of multivariate analysis indicated that those who served a mission had higher self-esteem than those who had never served a mission.
The Contribution of Farmer Women in the Household Income of Rice Farmers in Desa Patapan Kecamatan Torjun Kabupaten Sampang

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Peasant women's resources are one of the great potentials in contributing labor to production activities. Farmer women play an important role in farming activities to increase rice production. In the process of rice farming, rice fields always involve women, therefore women are considered very important. Women are able to divide their time even behind their busy lives as housewives. The importance of this study is to analyze the contribution of peasant women to rice farming families, factors that influence the magnitude of these contributions and the level of welfare of rice farming families in Patapan Village. This research was conducted in Patapan Village, Torjun District, Sampang Regency. The respondents in this study were all peasant women who had families and owned their own cultivated rice fields and worked as farmers totaling 30 people. The first objective is analyzed using the scale of land tenure. The second objective was analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The third objective was analyzed using a household expenditure approach using the sajogyo criterion. The results showed that the income of rice farming women to family income of 41.71% means that the contribution of peasant women is dominant and quite significant. The second objective of the results of multiple linear regression analysis was obtained that partially the income of farm women (Y) influenced by variables X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5 had a real or significant influence on the income of women farmworkers (Y) by 78.4% and the remaining 21.6% was influenced by other variables that were not studied. The degree of welfare ofthe farmer's family is obtained from the calculation of per capita expenditure of 486.8 kg equivalent to rice / year, meaning that the farmer's household life is sufficient.