jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Utility of GIS Delivered Environment Models in the Characterisation of Surface Water Bodies under the Water Framework Directive Low Flows 2000 – a Case Study.

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD), requires Water Resource Managers to characterise and assess the status of surface water bodies and apply management practices in order to achieve Good Ecological Status (GES), at a national scale. GES is assessed by considering the biological, hydromorphological and physico-chemical characteristics of a water body. There is a need for a suite of tools which will aid in carrying out this assessment quickly and reliably at a large number of sites. Low Flows 2000 (LF2000), combines aquatic environmental and hydrological models within a user-friendly GIS interface. The software can be used to estimate both the natural statistical properties of river flow and the influenced statistical properties, through the integration of water use pressures relating to abstractions, discharges and flow regulation, at any point within a river system without recourse to calibration. By combining this functionality with a measure of the aquatic ecological sensitivity to water use pressures LF2000 is being used operationally by the statutory UK Environmental regulators to support the initial characterisation of water use pressures on surface water bodies under the WFD.This paper will discuss how LF2000 is being used in this context and concludes with a look to the future. A summary of a prototype water quality modelling extension to LF2000 that has been developed will be presented alongside the planned implementation of generalised rainfall runoff models. This will illustrate how LF2000 will provide a suite of tools which can contribute to both initial and further characterisation under the WFD and prioritisation of a programme of measures.
Dynamics of Change: A Comparative Analysis of Commitment in Family vs. Non-Family Businesses

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The challenge of insufficient employee commitment to organizational change significantly impedes management's ability to successfully implement new strategies, a hurdle notably pronounced in family businesses due to a strong adherence to tradition. This study investigates the impact of psychological ownership and effective internal communication-or communication satisfaction-on bolstering commitment to change. This research will suggest propositions to test subsequently with statistical analysis after the collection and analysis of 501 employees’ interviews across Italian family and non-family businesses. Our propositions are built on the roots of psychological ownership, and commitment to change. The study also explains how the dynamics between communication, psychological ownership, and commitment vary between family and non-family businesses. This will underscore the critical role of fostering psychological ownership and communication satisfaction in enhancing employee commitment to organizational change initiatives.
Effects Of Business Planning On Repayment Of Loans By Small And Medium Enterprises: A Case Study Of Electrical Businesses In Lower River Road, Nairobi.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play an important role in both the developed and developing countries. Despite their significance in economic growth and development, MSMEs are faced with various challenges including lack of finance due to low capitalization, lack of access to market information, poor management and planning. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of business planning on repayments of loan by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Lower River Road, Nairobi. Objectives of the study were to determine the effects of management planning, financial planning and marketing planning on loan repayment by small and medium enterprises. The study was explanatory and the research design that was employed was a survey. This design was selected due to its suitability in collecting detailed information from a small representative sample where inferences about the target population can be made with minimal margin of error. The population involved in the study were business owners/ and or managers in the 300 SMESs in electrical business along Lower River Road. Simple random sampling was used to pick a sample of 90 businesses. Data collection was carried out by use of structured questionnaires and observations. With the use of SPSS package, data was analysed quantitatively, specifically using descriptive statistics (frequencies, mean, median and mean) and to establish correlation and effects of the variables, regression and correlation tests were carried out. From the findings, it was established that all the three variables; management planning, financial planning and marketing planning play a very crucial role on the repayment of loans by SMEs. Specifically, it was found that these variables account for 40.0% of the repayment of loans. More so, the relationship between the independent and dependent variable was found to be very significant with significant value. As a result, a number of recommendations were made, which included the following: that banks should not consider collaterals and securities as the main support for lending out funds to borrowers since realization of these assets are difficult, and that best practices should be shared with SMEs on how to efficiently manage disbursed loans. In addition, the cost of loans should be reviewed downwards to enable smooth repayment and increase in the demand for loans by SMEs to enable growth in their business.
A Small Corner of the Iceberg: Changing Trends in Early School Literacy in China

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Literacy practices and sociocultural contexts have greatly defined and influenced each other. The role language plays in mobilizing both revolution and progress is well delineated in Congchao Hua's article comparing language learning curriculum in China over three decades, from the 1970s to the 2000s. The universality of the social and political dimensions of literacy education becomes evident in any context of time and place. Hua's study encourages further debates and discussions of issues around language, education, society, and culture.
1670–1700: The Spread of the ‘French Hoboye’

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract By 1668, the hautboy was unknown outside of France. But almost immediately it caught on everywhere else. By the end of the century, there were few places of political power in Europe where the hautboy was not familiar and established. At the time of the hautboy's appearance, France was emerging as a strong power and a cultural exemplar. Germany, by contrast, was recovering from the devastations of the Thirty Years War, and the monarchy in England had only just been restored after an appalling civil war. All over Europe, musical institutions were being reorganized and were ready for changes, and French music was in vogue. Well-paid posts were thus on offer to French hautboy players willing to travel. Aside from England and Germany, the hautboy also reached Italy, the Dutch Republic, the Spanish Netherlands, the Habsburg Lands, and Spain. This chapter also looks at hautboy bands, questions of hautboy instrumentation, and the status of the shawm after 1670.
Full-Pulse Tomographic Reconstruction with Deep Neural Networks

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Plasma tomography consists of reconstructing a two-dimensional radiation profile of a poloidal cross section of a fusion device based on line-integrated measurements along several lines of sight. The reconstruction process is computationally intensive, and in practice, only a few reconstructions are usually computed per pulse. In this work, we trained a deep neural network based on a large collection of sample tomograms that have been produced at JET over several years. Once trained, the network is able to reproduce those results with high accuracy. More importantly, it can compute all the tomographic reconstructions for a given pulse in just a few seconds. This makes it possible to visualize several phenomena—such as plasma heating, disruptions, and impurity transport—over the course of the entire pulse.
Rebalance Modern Bike Sharing System: Spatio-Temporal Data Prediction and Path Planning for Multiple Carriers

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Modern bike sharing system, in which bikes can be parked freely, extends the flexibility of traditional bike sharing system and thus has greatly facilitated urban transportation. However, the balance of such system is often broken by the user behaviors. And how to manage a large number of bikes which parked randomly in a city is a difficult problem. To tackle this problem, we propose a two-step solution. First, we deal with the bike trajectory data and design the Spatial-Temporal Bike Flow Prediction (ST-BFP) model, which is a convolutional network based on residual framework with history external factors to predict the bike flows. Second, to make the system return to balance state as soon as possible, we propose an Improved Local Search Algorithm (ILSA) for path planning with multiple carriers based on forecast result, which schedules multiple carriers in real time to complete the rebalance task collaboratively. Finally, we validate our model and algorithm via real-data based experiment. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can balance the entire system efficiently.
Assessment of Status of Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) Practice, Policy and Programs: Achievements and Gaps, in Ethiopia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives: · To find achievements and gaps in the existing policy, program and practices in reference to Infant and Young Child Feeding in Ethiopia. · To build a consensus among all partners on the way forward to improve the existing IYCF practice. Methods: National publications, guidelines and reports were collected and assessed based on the 15 indicators modified by International Baby Food Action Network (IBFAN) to identify the current situations in the country in reference to the infant and young child feeding policy, program and practices. Participants from government and non-government reviewed and compiled the report. There was an elaborate discussion on each indicator before consensus was reached. The document was also validated by participants from different organizations on February 13, 2013. Results: In this assessment gaps were identified and recommendations were also forwarded. The main gaps include the absence of National Code of Marketing of Breast milk Substitutes and Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative, Idequate maternity leave conditions , lack of knowledge and experience by mothers about optimal complementary feeding practiceand the risk of bottle feeding. Conclusions: Key recommendations are the need of Implementation of the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative and the International Code of Marketing of Breast milk Substitutes and capacitating of ealth workers in giving IYCF support skills for mothers. There is the needto review labour regulations s. This calls for the attention of policy makers and partners to promote optimal breastfeeding for the well being of infants and children in the country.
Mind the Gap – Deciphering GPCR Pharmacology Using 3D Pharmacophores and Artificial Intelligence

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are amongst the most pharmaceutically relevant and well-studied protein targets, yet unanswered questions in the field leave significant gaps in our understanding of their nuanced structure and function. 3D pharmacophore models are powerful computational tools in silico drug discovery, presenting myriad opportunities for the integration of GPCR structural biology and cheminformatics. This review highlights success stories in the application of 3D pharmacophore modeling to de novo drug design, discovery of biased and allosteric ligands, scaffold hopping, QSAR analysis, hit-to-lead optimization, GPCR de-orphanization, mechanistic understanding of GPCR pharmacology and elucidation of ligand-receptor interactions. Furthermore, advances in the incorporation of dynamics and machine learning will be highlighted. The review will analyze challenges in the field of GPCR drug discovery, detailing how 3D pharmacophore modeling can be used to address them. Finally, we will present opportunities afforded by 3D pharmacophore modeling in the advancement of our understanding and targeting of GPCRs.
Propolis as a new potential immunomodulator in mice: antimetastatic activity of a water-soluble derivate of propolis (WSDP)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The antimetastatic efficacy of a water-soluble derivative of propolis (WSDP) was studid. Tumor was a transplantable mammary carcinoma (MCA) of CBA mouse. Metastasis in the lung were generated by 2x105 viable tumor cells intra venous (iv). WSDP was given intra peritoneal (ip) at doses of 50 or 150 mg/kg before or after tumor cell inoculation. Therapies reduced the number of metastases in the lung. It is likely that antimetastatic activity of the WSDP is mainly mediated by immunomodulatory activity. Changes in several immunological parameters such as production of activacting factor (LAF) by peritoneal macrophages and the efficacy of those macrophages to kill tumor cell in vitro, responses of lymphocytes to mitogen, and weight and cellularity of spleen, respectively, correlated well with antimetastatic properties of the WSDP. Based on results we postulate that the antimetastatic activity of propolis includes a pronounced immunomodulatory activity mainly toward augmentation of nonspecific antitumor resistence in mice via macrophage activation.
Postgraduate Supervision in a ChatGPT World: What’s Next?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study explores the considerable challenges for research supervisors of postgraduate students in Higher Education. For experienced academics, the responsibility of assessing theses and dissertations has never been more critical. With the advent of ample search engine opportunities, Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) technology, and adhering to proper academic integrity processes, how can supervisors navigate these complexities, unsupported by solid procedures, due to the rapidly changing nature of AI? If a supervisor is concerned as to the integrity of the presented work during the supervisory process, what options are available to the supervisor to address concerns with the student in an informed and protected way? This work draws from theoretical perspectives, discussions with research supervisors, including early career supervisors, collegial deliberations, and considerations. This paper will explore what research supervision is and the challenges associated therein. Recommendations for best practice will be presented for discussion during the proceedings.
Block-group level mode choice parameters for New York City and New York State

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

We provide two datasets of census block group-level mode choice parameters for New York City and New York State. The parameters are estimated by GLAM logit model using Replica's synthetic population datasets (For details of the GLAM logit model, please refer to BUILTNYU/GLAM-Logit (github.com)). Each row contains a set of mode choice parameters for each block-group OD pair and one of the four population segments (low-income, not low-income, students, and senior population). Six trip modes are considered: private auto, public transit (such as buses, light rail, and subways), on demand auto (taxi or TNC services such as Uber or Lyft), biking (including e-bike), walking, and carpool. Parameters of twelve mode attributes are estimated, including, auto travel time, transit in-vehicle time, transit access time, transit egress time, number of transit transfers, non-vehicle travel time, trip cost, and five alternative specific constants (setting carpool as the reference level). In New York City, the average value of time (VOT) of low-income population is 21.67$/hour, the average VOT of not low-income population is 28.05$/hour, the average VOT of student population is 10.96$/hour, and the average VOT of senior population is 10.93$/hour. In New York State, the average value of time (VOT) of low-income population is 9.63$/hour, the average VOT of not low-income population is 13.95$/hour, the average VOT of student population is 7.40$/hour, and the average VOT of senior population is 6.26$/hour. The empirical distribution of agent-level parameters is neither Gumbel nor Gaussian, which reveals a regional divergence of the value of time and mode preference, indicating potential inequity issues in the transportation system. This is infeasible for conventional discrete choice models (DCMs) to capture.
Dysregulated ΔNp63α negatively regulates the maspin promoter in keratinocytes via blocking endogenous p73 binding

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract While overexpression of the p63 isoform, ΔNp63α, has been reported in squamous cell cancers, the contribution of p63 to cancer pathogenesis remains unclear. We previously demonstrated that overexpressed ΔNp63α aberrantly maintains proliferation of primary mouse keratinocytes under conditions that normally induce growth arrest and differentiation. To identify genes downstream of dysregulated ΔNp63α that may contribute to squamous cancer development and progression, we performed microarray analyses using primary mouse keratinocytes. Herein we report that elevated ΔNp63α differentially regulates genes involved in a variety of cellular functions. Of note, multiple protease inhibitor mRNAs were downregulated including: maspin (serpinB5); plasminogen activator inhibitor‐2 (PAI‐2; serpinB2); and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐3 (TIMP‐3). Correspondingly, secreted TIMP‐3 and PAI‐2 protein declined in the presence of dysregulated ΔNp63α, however secreted maspin remained stable. Intracellular maspin protein expression decreased in response to overexpressed ΔNp63α, as did PAI‐2. In contrast, TIMP‐3 protein was not detected intracellularly, supporting a solely extracellular function. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) using a maspin promoter p53/p63 consensus sequence revealed endogenous transcription factor(s) binding to this sequence in keratinocytes that was disrupted by overexpressed ΔNp63α. This was confirmed by ChIP assays. This binding was interrupted by the addition of antibodies recognizing p73, but not p53 or p63, and significantly diminished in EMSA reactions from p73(−/−) keratinocytes, confirming p73 as a constituent. Physical association between p73/ΔNp63α was observed in control β‐gal overexpressing keratinocytes and was enhanced in the presence of overexpressed ΔNp63α These findings underscore the importance of properly balanced p53 homologs for tissue homeostasis. © 2013 This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Factors affecting women’s participation in soil & water conservation in abeshege district Southern Ethiopia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The primary industry in Ethiopia that makes a significant contribution to economic growth is still agriculture. Despite making a considerable contribution to livelihoods, the sector continues to encounter difficulties since soil degradation and resource depletion have decreased crop and livestock yields. To curb the effects of land degradation, the Ethiopian government has taken serious measures to expand soil and water conservation (SWC) practices across the country. Despite the efforts made, the participation of women in SWC activities has been low. The study was conducted to investigate women's participation in SWC practices in the Abeshege district of southern Ethiopia. A random sampling procedure was used to select 164 participating and 70 non-participating households from a purposively selected sample of six rural kebeles. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources using interview designs, focus group discussions, semi-structured interviews, and discussions with key informants. The study found that women participate in various SWC practices, including agroforestry, crop rotation, waterways, stone terracing, and contour plowing, among others. The study findings suggest that education, land size, economically active household members, size of household members, and extension contact were found to significantly affect the participation of women in SWC activities. Therefore, recognize and support women's active involvement in SWC through tailored policies, programs, and initiatives that address the identified factors affecting their participation.
Factors affecting the quantitation of organic compounds in laser mass spectrometry

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFactors affecting the quantitation of organic compounds in laser mass spectrometryZbigniew A. Wilk, S. Kasi. Viswanadham, Andrew G. Sharkey, and David M. HerculesCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 21, 2338–2346Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00172a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00172a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts