jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Verification experiment of maximum hydraulic diameter in a novel three-dimensional asymmetric oscillating heat pipe

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A novel three-dimensional asymmetric oscillating heat pipe (3DAOHP) with unequal curvature radius of upper and lower bends has been designed. Setting the basic factor of diameter from 1.9 mm to 6.2 mm, a verification experiment on the criterion of conventional maximum hydraulic diameter (MHD) has been conducted. The results show that the 3DAOHP can still perform normally and transfer heat effectively, even if the diameter exceeds the MHD by 98.1 %. And the temperature profiles at each end does not show obvious abnormalities. The thermal performance also does not show any deterioration, which still follows the rule that the larger the diameter, the stronger the heat transfer capability. The thermal resistance of the 6.2 mm 3DAOHP can reach 0.07 °C/W at 1300 W without touching the dry-out limit. Moreover, the frequency and amplitude of hot end temperature fluctuation show suppression as the diameter increases. Therefore, the conventional MHD is not a diameter limitation of oscillating heat pipe (OHP) in enhancing heat transfer. Thus, the availability of OHP in high heat loads can be improved by further increasing the tube diameter. These findings are important for the OHP application in higher heat flux.
Modernization of Administration of Parking Tax Collection with Tapping Box as A Supervision and Compliance Function of Regional Taxpayers in Bekasi City

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Tax modernization seems to be very necessary in the current digital era. This considers that taxes are one of the largest sources of tax revenue, both in the central and regional regions. This study focused on the scope of the Regions, one of the sources of Regional Tax is parking tax. The phenomenon that occurred in this study was the low acceptance of Parking Tax on Regional Taxes. In order to increase regional income and prevent any leakage of funds, the Bekasi City Regional Revenue Agency has installed a data management application in several places of business, namely Tapping Box. Tapping Box is a machine or transaction recording device that can record all transaction data that occurs and sends it to the Bekasi City Regional Revenue Agency server through the Global System for Mobile network (GSM). The purpose of installing the Tapping Box is as a means of monitoring and testing taxpayer compliance that displays the financial reports of transaction in a transparent and accountable way. This study used a descriptive type of research with a qualitative approach. Also, the data was analyzed by using qualitative method. The results of this study indicated that parking tax supervision has not gone well because there were still some taxpayers who have not installed the Tapping Box. The result of this Tapping Box installation is that the realization of parking tax receipts has not reached the set target, but the parking tax revenues have increased comparing to those in the previous year. Moreover, if the installation of the Tapping Box is evenly distributed, the parking tax revenue will be maximized.
`Parallel Process' in Supervision when Working with Psychotic Patients

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Supervision can be used to place the dyadic patient-therapist relationship in a new perspective by the creation of a more reality-tested, triadic relationship. This article deals in particular with the way in which facilitator or therapist interaction with seriously ill psychiatric patients is heavily influenced by dyadic processes related to early development. A third party is needed to free therapists from this dyadic/symbiotic bond, a party that can add an element of reality-testing. The `parallel process' is discussed as an important aid in the practice of supervision.
Heat Transfer in Low Reynolds Number Flows Through Miniaturized Channels.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The use of miniaturized channels as heat sinks/ heat exchangers is of great importance due to advantages of compact size and high heat sinking capabilities. The small hydraulic diameters of these miniaturized channels imply a higher pressure drop and consequently higher pumping power. Therefore, where possible, the pumping power required may be reduced by running applications at low flow velocities. This paper therefore investigates the heat transfer in low Reynolds number flow through miniaturized channels. Forced convection experiments were performed on 2 instrumented metal plates with 0.5 mm and 0.25 mm deep channels respectively. The channels were 2 mm wide and 270 mm long. A propylene glycol-based heat transfer fluid for solar collectors, Tyfocor® LS, was used as the working fluid. Reynolds numbers were in the range 10 – 100 and fluid inlet temperatures ranged from 5 – 60 °C. The measured Nusselt numbers were observed to depend more on the Peclet number and less on the geometry. Peclet number dependent Nusselt numbers was attributed to miniaturization scaling effects. A correlation for estimating the Nusselt number in terms of the Peclet number and hydraulic diameter was proposed. The results are significant in predicting the heat sinking performance in applications having low Reynolds number flows through miniaturized channels such as compact solar thermal collectors.
Using Multiple-Patient Simulations to Facilitate Interprofessional Communication Between Dietetic and Nursing Students and Improve Nutrition Care Process Skills

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This article presents the design and evaluation of an interprofessional multiple-patient simulation between nursing and graduate dietetic students. Dietetic students' completed surveys were observed, scored, and debriefed during 3 patient simulations, and submitted plans of care. Fifteen of the 16 students agreed that the simulation enhanced interprofessional communication skills. Plans of care improved after debriefings, and 37 of the 39 nursing students who completed the simulation with dietetic students said the experience helped them learn the dietitian's role. Interprofessional simulations provide a practice opportunity for students to deliver clinical care in a safe setting. Debriefing is formative in improving nutrition care process skill.
Agricultural policy reform and less-favoured areas policy: application of EU policy to Japan

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper aims to overview Japan’s implementation of the EU’s Less Favoured Areas (LFAs) direct
payment support. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of Japan’s LFA payments to the
development of rural policy. Japan’s LFA direct payment policy was formed through adjustments to
the small-scale Monsoon Asia terraced paddy field farming which still strongly relies on the
community function. It has been effective in preventing further increases in farmland abandonment.
However the long-term effectiveness of this policy is questionable due to the likelihood of further
depopulation and ageing in Japan’s LFAs. We suggest the need for a conceptual shift from current
support that maintains the status quo to one that emphasises investment in rural regeneration.
Towards an Evaluation Framework for Software Process Improvement

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Software has gained an essential role in our daily life in the last decades. This condition demands high quality software. To produce high quality software many practitioners and researchers put more attention on the software development process. Large investments are poured to improve the software development process. Software Process Improvement (SPI) is a research area which is aimed to address the assessment and improvement issues in the software development process. One of the most important aspects in software process improvement is to measure the results gained from the embarked process change. Without measuring the results, it is hard to tell whether the goals have been achieved or not. However, measurement for software process improvement is not a trivial task. Furthermore, there is no common systematic methodology that can be used to help measuring the performance of software process improvement initiatives. This thesis is intended to provide basic key concepts for the effective measurement and evaluation of the outcome of software process improvement. A major part of this thesis presents the systematic review in evaluating the outcome of software process improvement. The systematic review is aimed at the identification of the major issues in software process improvement evaluation and to gather the requirements for a software process improvement measurement and evaluation framework. Based on the results of the systematic review, a measurement and evaluation model is formulated. The objective of the model is to provide the groundwork for a software process improvement measurement and evaluation framework. The model is deemed to be applicable in a broad spectrum of scenarios by providing concepts that are independent from specific SPI initiatives.
Control of Finger Stiffness in Hand Prostheses

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The objective of this research is to improve the performance of hand prostheses by controlling finger stiffness in comercially available prostheses, finger stiffness cannot be modulated yet, stiffness may be helpful to stabilize a grasp and enhance the performance of a prosthesis. For instance, stiffness partially determines finger response to a perturbation. For a given displacement, the orientation of the restoring force varies with stiffness. Moreover, stiffness is the inverse of compliance: for a given external force, a low finger stiffness would result in a large finger displacement while a high stiffness results in a small displacement.\nIn order to establish guidelines for the design of a prosthesis with compliant fingers, a theoretical study of human finger stiffness has been initiated. We want to investigate the range of endpoint stiffness in human finger.
The Brand-new Riverfront and the Historical Centre: Narratives and Open Questions in Contemporary Ahmedabad, India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In 2002, the city of Ahmedabad (India) was profoundly shaken by severe interreligious riots. Subsequent years saw deep transformations in the image of the city and the consolidation of the right-wing Hindu nationalist party in the local and supra-local political arena. This article investigates some of the spatial manifestations of an urban transformation involving the valorization of historical heritage. The article focuses in particular on the large-scale Sabarmati Riverfront Development Project, which began in 2005 and remains ongoing, and on the inclusion of the historical center of Ahmedabad in the World Heritage List in 2017. The two developments have profoundly reshaped the image of the city and its river. The article offers an analysis of the city's transformations and of the related rhetoric promoted by the local governing coalition. It highlights the city's role in shaping a vision of a global, sustainable and historic metropolis.
Evidence for transcription antitermination control of tryptophanase operon expression in Escherichia coli K-12

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Tryptophanase, encoded by the gene tnaA, is a catabolic enzyme distinct from the enzymes of tryptophan biosynthesis. Tryptophanase synthesis is induced by tryptophan and is subject to catabolite repression. We studied the mechanism of tna operon induction. Mutants with altered rho factor were partially constitutive for tna expression, implicating rho-dependent transcription termination in the control of tna expression. Measurements of mRNA synthesis from the transcribed leader region preceeding the tna operon suggested that the tna promoter was constitutive and that in the absence of inducer, transcription terminated in the leader region. Upon induction, this transcription termination was relieved. Cis-acting constitutive mutants had genetic alterations in the tna leader region. These lesions defined a site that is homologous to the bacteriophage lambda boxA sequence, which is thought to play a role in antitermination control of lambda lytic gene expression. We propose that tna expression is subject to transcription antitermination control. We hypothesize that a tryptophan-activated antiterminator protein mediates induction by suppressing the rho-dependent termination sites in the leader region, thus allowing transcription to proceed into the tna operon structural gene region.
"OFF CAMPUS TRAINING IN BULGARIAN LANGUAGE AND SPORT" AS A WAY FOR SOCIALIZATION AND FORMATION OF COMMUNITY

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The off-campus education in Bulgarian language and Sports is part of the preparatory school year of international students wishing to study in the medical specialties of Medical University - Sofia. The program includes Bulgarian classes, winter sports - skiing and hiking, and table tennis. The event is attended by current students from the Medical University of Sofia, which contributes to the socialization of international students and community formation. The primary method of work is an anonymous survey with six questions that require specific answers. It covers various essential questions about the students' sport - recreational knowledge and needs, which will provide guidance for improving the organization and program content of the training delivered. It was held after the completion of the Bulgarian language and sports training in the town of Bansko in the period from 02 -09.02.2019. We have set the following tasks: 1) to study the students' opinion on the main objectives of the off-campus training, on sporting events, and 2) to draw conclusions and recommendations for the future implementation and optimization of the off-campus training. The following conclusions were made: 1. After successfully completing the initial ski and hiking training of students, most of them appreciate the benefits of outdoor activities as beneficial to health and as accessible to future independent activities. 2. The off-campus training organized for Bulgarian and an international student creates good conditions for socialization and building a more cohesive community. 3. Through such events, lecturers acquire greater organizational experience in working with students and optimizing their sessions.
Case 7: Personal Use of Public Assets

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter examines how to determine the importance of identifying the environment in which a fictitious governmental organization operates and how the operating environment may affect the development and execution of policies and procedures. Inadequate staffing levels may lead employees to rationalize personal use of public assets as compensation for being overworked. River City is a medium-sized city with operations centrally located at City Hall Complex as well as several off-site locations. Off-site operations include two city parks, three fire stations, two police substations, a city-owned and operated garage, and the water and sewer plant. Each department is required to take an annual inventory of its tagged capital assets. All capitalized assets are tagged or marked in some way to indicate city ownership. Asset tags are alpha coded by department, pre-numbered, and used sequentially by the respective departments. Each department is required to take an annual inventory of its tagged capital assets.
Spatial Ecology of the Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) in Indiana

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Few studies have examined the spatial ecology of the Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis). We used radiotelemetry to examine the seasonal home range, movement patterns, and habitat use of 21 individuals within the Blue River drainage of southern Indiana, USA. Individuals were located up to three times weekly from July 2008 through October 2009. Mean 100% minimum convex polygon (MCP) home-range sizes were much larger than previously reported and largest during the summer. Male MCPs were significantly larger than those of females. Mean linear home-range sizes were also significantly longer in the summer, but did not differ between the sexes. Hellbenders moved very little throughout the year (X¯ = 14.1 movements per individual) and over relatively short distances (X¯ = 27.5 m) to nearby shelter rocks. Most Hellbenders were routinely located under large, flat shelter rocks; however, five individuals periodically used bedrock, downed trees, and submerged tree root masses along the riverbank. Habitat use of Hellbenders was similar to that found in other studies, with 79.5% of our locations found on a gravel substrate. Our results provide essential information about a declining, low-density population of Hellbenders in need of management.
Patient Management

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The principles of management apply equally to biological and interpersonal treatments. Whether you prescribe psychotherapy or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), do not begin treatment until you have made your best diagnostic effort and you have considered factors that influence treatment (e.g., the patient’s personality and likelihood of compliance, cognitive function and intelligence, interpersonal and job situations, general medical health, and specific strengths and weaknesses in each domain). The need to diagnose before treatment is obvious. Sometimes, however, this is not fully accomplished, and targeted symptoms (e.g., psychosis, excitement, trouble keeping a job) get treated rather than the processes underlying the symptoms. The problems with this “target symptom” approach are discussed in the pharmacology section of this chapter.
Estimating intergenerational utility distribution preferences

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Resource management decisions influence not only the output of the economy but also the distribution of utility between groups within the community. The theory of Benefit Cost Analysis provides a means of incorporating this distributional change through the application of distributional or welfare weights. This paper reports the results of research designed to estimate distributional weights suitable for inclusion in a Benefit Cost Analysis framework. The findings of a choice modelling experiment estimating community preferences with respect to intergenerational utility distribution are presented to illustrate this innovative application of a stated preference technique.
Simultaneous Compared With Sequential Blood Pressure Measurement Results in Smaller Inter‐Arm Blood Pressure Differences

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There are currently few recommendations on how to assess inter‐arm blood pressure ( BP ) differences. The authors compared simultaneous with sequential measurement on mean BP , inter‐arm BP differences, and within‐visit reproducibility in 240 patients stratified according to age (<50 or ≥60 years) and BP (<140/90 mm Hg or ≥140/90 mm Hg). Three simultaneous and three sequential BP measurements were taken in each patient. Starting measurement type and starting arm for sequential measurements were randomized. Mean BP and inter‐arm BP differences of the first pair and reproducibility of inter‐arm BP differences of the first and second pair were compared between both methods. Mean systolic BP was 1.3±7.5 mm Hg lower during sequential compared with simultaneous measurement ( P <.01). However, the first sequential measurement was on average higher than the second, suggesting an order effect. Absolute systolic inter‐arm BP differences were smaller on simultaneous (6.2±6.7/3.3±3.5 mm Hg) compared with sequential BP measurement (7.8±7.3/4.6±5.6 mm Hg, P <.01 for both). Within‐visit reproducibility was identical (both r =0.60). Simultaneous measurement of BP at both arms reduces order effects and results in smaller inter‐arm BP differences, thereby potentially reducing unnecessary referral and diagnostic procedures.
Carbothermally prepared nanophase SiC/ Si3N4 composite powders and densified parts

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Nanophase SiC/Si3N4 composite powders were synthesized by the carbothermal nitridation of SiO2. These powders have desirable characteristics of high quality with oxygen contents on the order of 1.5 to 2 wt. %, surface area of ∼ 10 m2/g, submicron α-Si3N4, low metallic impurity levels, and a homogeneous distribution of the nanophase SiC phase. High-resolution TEM analysis has shown that the content and size of the nanophase SiC can be varied from 0.5 to 50 wt. % and 25 to 500 nm, respectively, through proper control of raw materials and reactor conditions. To determine how the nanophase SiC reinforcement affects the mechanical properties of Si3N4, densified components were fabricated using both pressureless and pressure-assisted densification methods. TEM analysis revealed that the nanophase SiC particles are distributed both intergranularly and intragranularly throughout the Si3N4, matrix. By controlling the sintering additive package and the sintering conditions, the ratio of inter– to intragranular SiC can be adjusted. Mechanical property measurements at elevated temperatures showed a dramatic improvement in high-temperature strength and creep resistance over components made with commercially available powders.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF MANGO (MANGIFERA INDICA) IN A MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The importance of mango growing contrasts with the paucity of information on its reproductive biology.In this work, the reproductive biology of mango was studied in the subtropical conditions of the Southern Spanish Mediterranean coast, using the cultivars `Osteen´, `Kensington´, `Kent´ and `Keitt´.In order to establish the appropriate developmental coordinates during the reproductive phase, phenology was studied from the start of the blooming season to fruit harvest.Also to detect the reasons behind the low fruit set in mango, pollen tube pathway and fertilization were analysed, using microscopy techniques.A good proportion of the flowers were male and dropped soon after anthesis.Pollen grains readily germinated, pollen tubes reached the base of the style within one day, penetrated the ovule through the nucellus and reached the embryo sac three days after pollination.Endosperm nuclei soon developed, but the embryo remained in a quiescent stage.A good proportion of the ovules degenerated at different stages of development.Temperature had an effect on pollen performance, and low temperatures hampered pollen germination.Finally, a compatibility assay was performed, showing no differences between self and cross pollen tube growth in the style.However a paternity analysis, with microsatellite markers, showed significant differences in outcrossing rate depending on the availability of pollinizer trees.
Availability of Soybean Hull Iron Fed to Humans in a Mixed, Western Meal

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Century soybeans were grown in a greenhouse and labeled by stem injection of iron‐59. The intrinsically labled soybean hulls were incorporated into bread rolls and fed in mixed meals containing beef to six free‐living female volunteers. Iron‐59 retention, measured by whole body counting of these volunteers, was compared with retention from similar meals containing extrinsically labeled soybean hulls or bakery grade ferrous sulfate. Iron‐59 retention averaged 23% from meals containing the intrinsically labeled soybean hulls, 18% from meals containing extrinsically labeled soybean hulls, and 22% from meals containing bakery grade ferrous sulfate. There were no statistically significant differences in retention among the various iron sources, indicating that soybean hulls were an excellent source of iron for bread enrichment.