jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Higher education and disability in the United States of America: the context, a comprehensive model, and current issues

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter provides an overview of the educational system in the United States: changing perspectives of disability; disability services at the secondary and post-secondary level; an example of how one university has structured its disability services; and finally, unresolved issues concerning disability in American higher education. The Disability Services Office at the University of Minnesota offers more comprehensive services than disability offices on most campuses. Higher education institutions are currently addressing the needs of a diverse population of students with disabilities. In 1985, the US Department of Education commissioned a five year study of 8,000 special education students - the National Longitudinal Transition Study of Special Education Students. Post-secondary institutions are required to make reasonable accommodations in their academic programs for students with disabilities. Changes in eligibility requirements for receiving rehabilitation services have resulted in fewer college potential students receiving these services.
Metamorphic Evolution of the Tjeliken Garnet-Phengite Gneiss, Northern Jämtland, Swedish Caledonides

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Tjeliken Mountain in northern Jämtland, central Scandinavian Caledonides is by most authors considered to belong to the Lower Seve Nappe Complex (SNC). However, recently P-T conditions similar to the Middle Seve have been constrained for the eclogite at the top of the mountain, revitalizing the tectonic debate about Tjeliken. Also the timing of high-pressure metamorphism is debated. Two earlier studies of the eclogite yield ages between 464 Ma and 446 Ma. This study focuses on the garnet-phengite gneiss hosting the eclogite. By construction of P-T conditions and dating the two discrepancies above are investigated. U/Pb zircon dating by secondary ion mass spectrometry technique (SIMS) targeted on metamorphic rims yield a concordia age of 460.2 ± 2.7 Ma corresponding well to earlier c. 463.7 ± 8.9 Ma Sm/Nd dating of the eclogite. The inferred peak mineral assemblage of the gneiss is garnet + phengite + quartz + K-feldspar + titanite ± H2O. Thermodynamic modelling reveal that garnet cores equilibrated within 1.9 - 2.6 GPa and 600 - 700 oC. Fe2+-Mg garnet-phengite thermometry involving garnet rims yields temperatures of c. 650 - 715 oC revealing relatively similar temperatures during growth of garnet core and rim, respectively. Garnet chemistry is characterised by oscillatory zoning with an antithetic pattern of Ca and Fe. The former decreases from core to rim, whereas the latter increases. The opposite trend is observed in epidote-group minerals suggesting exchange between the two minerals during garnet growth. Skeletal textures and atoll textures together with observed chemical pattern may indicate multiple garnet growth episodes. The results of the study points toward similar P-T history of the Tjeliken eclogite and gneiss in favour of the interpretation of considering the whole Tjeliken to belong to the Lower Seve. The obtained U/Pb age support other age constraints in the area suggesting high-pressure metamorphism at c. 460 Ma related to a subduction event affecting the central Scandinavian Caledonides at c. 460 - 450 Ma.
REGULATION OF CDC25A IN HUMAN TUMOR CELLS BY CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 2

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Deregulation of normal cell cycle control is essential for malignant transformation. The Cdc25A dual-specificity phosphatase promotes cell cycle progression by dephosphorylating and activating the cyclin-dependent kinases. Cdc25A has oncogenic and anti-apoptotic activity and is overexpressed in many human tumors. The mechanisms by which Cdc25A is overexpressed in human cancer are unknown. Cdc25A protein levels are downregulated by cell cycle checkpoints in response to genotoxic stress; cell cycle checkpoints are frequently compromised in tumor cells. In addition, under normal physiologic conditions, the half-life of Cdc25A protein is short. Alterations to physiologic Cdc25A regulatory mechanisms could be sufficient to result in oncogenic overexpression of this cell cycle regulatory protein. While Cdc25A downregulation in response to genotoxic stress occurs through defined signal transduction pathways, regulation of Cdc25A protein levels in non-stressed cells is poorly understood. The purpose of this thesis was to examine the physiological regulation of Cdc25A protein levels in human tumor cells. The goals of our studies were: 1) to investigate regulatory mechanisms of Cdc25A protein levels in non-stressed human tumor cells; 2) to understand how Cdk2 kinase activity regulates Cdc25A protein levels; and 3) to explore the mechanism by which Cdk2 kinase activity regulates Cdc25A protein turnover. The results of our studies revealed that Cdc25A protein half-life in non-stressed interphase cells is regulated, in part, by Cdk2 kinase activity, and that Cdk2 does not regulate Cdc25A turnover by affecting several known signal transduction pathways that control Cdc25A protein stability. Recent reports on the role of ubiquitin ligases in physiologic Cdc25A turnover have identified several phosphorylation sites that are necessary for efficient Cdc25A recruitment to ubiquitin ligases. The kinase(s) responsible for phosphorylating these serine residues remain to be identified, although Cdk2 could be one prime candidate. While initial reports of the interactions between Cdc25A and Cdk2 focused on an auto-amplification feedback loop that results in increased catalytic activity of both proteins, it now appears that Cdk2 also regulates Cdc25A stability and plays an important role in regulating Cdc25A protein levels during interphase progression.
The Implementation Of Muri Value Among Low School Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study discusses the practice of applying pure grades among low school students. Social problems among students have become very serious matters since the recent past. Therefore, the issue that needs to be addressed is the practice that exists in their circles. This study uses a qualitative study form through the nonsense and attention method and a quantitative review study in which data is collected through investigative questions involving 321 low school students from four types of low schools in Peninsular Malaysia's Zon Utara. Overall, it can show that the practice of pure value is at a proud stage. This study found that there are significant differences in the value of noble practices in terms of the type of school. In addition, the study also found that the value of respect is the most dominant value that has been practiced by students in low schools and followed by other values.
Liberty, Charity and Politics: Non-Profit Law and Freedom of Speech

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Part 1 Constraints on campaigning by charities and non-profit organizations in 24 countries: overview non-charity law countries analysis - non-charity law countries charity law countries analysis - charity law countries conclusion to Part One. Part 2 The case for liberty: introduction to Part Two campaigning and freedom of speech charity and politics economic and political liberalism conclusion.
Supplementary Figure S2 from FGFR1-Activated Translation of WNT Pathway Components with Structured 5′ UTRs Is Vulnerable to Inhibition of EIF4A-Dependent Translation Initiation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>Supplementary Figure S2 shows quality control analysis of the most abundant RPF sizes for 3-nt periodicity.</p>
Taraxacum Officinale (Dandelion) Roots Extract Mitigates Doxorubicin-Induced HematoCardiotoxicity in Male Albino Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The present study was designed to evaluate the probable ameliorative effect of dandelion extract against doxorubicin hemato-cardiotoxicity. To accomplish this study, four groups of male albino rats (n=7) were used as follow, Group I: served as a control group, Group II: received dandelion extract (200 mg/ kg), Group III: received doxorubicin (2.5 mg/kg) and Group IV: received dandelion extract and doxorubicin identically to groups II and III. Doxorubicin was administrated 3times/week for two consecutive weeks, while dandelion extract was administrated daily for two consecutive weeks before doxorubicin administration and continued during doxorubicin treatment. The results illuminated that, administration of doxorubicin has a deleterious effect on both of blood cellular components and cardiac tissues, which was indicated by significant pancytopenia (decrease in all blood cell types), elevated serum cardiac enzymes activity (CK-MB and LDH), increased serum level of cardiacrelated proteins (troponin I, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) with a depletion of cardiac tissues antioxidant (GSH, and SOD enzyme) and elevated lipid peroxide (MDA) level in this tissues. Coadministration of dandelion extract with doxorubicin significantly alleviated its hemato-cardiotoxic effect which was reflected positively on hematobiochemical changes and cardiac histopathological alterations.
Snack and Relax®

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose and Design: Snack and Relax® (S&R), a program providing healthy snacks and holistic relaxation modalities to hospital employees, was evaluated for immediate impact. A cross-sectional survey was then conducted to assess the professional quality of life (ProQOL) in registered nurses (RNs); compare S&R participants/nonparticipants on compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout, and secondary traumatic stress (STS); and identify situations in which RNs experienced compassion fatigue or burnout and the strategies used to address these situations. Method: Pre- and post vital signs and self-reported stress were obtained from S&R attendees ( N = 210). RNs completed the ProQOL Scale measuring CS, burnout, and STS ( N = 158). Findings: Significant decreases in self-reported stress, respirations, and heart rate were found immediately after S&R. Low CS was noted in 28.5% of participants, 25.3% had high burnout, and 23.4% had high STS. S&R participants and nonparticipants did not differ on any of the ProQOL scales. Situations in which participants experienced compassion fatigue/burnout were categorized as patient-related, work-related, and personal/family-related. Strategies to address these situations were holistic and stress reducing. Conclusion: Providing holistic interventions such as S&R for nurses in the workplace may alleviate immediate feelings of stress and provide a moment of relaxation in the workday.
Assessment of distribution network limits for non-firm connection of renewable generation

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Before new renewable generators can be connected to the electricity network, it is necessary to carefully evaluate the impact they will have. Firm connection agreements are based on snapshot assessments of the worst-case situation of maximum generation and minimum demand, which restrict renewable capacities despite infrequent occurrence. This work describes how time series of several renewable generation technologies together with demand can be applied to examine the opportunities and challenges offered by non-firm generation connections. It applies optimal power flow to extract maximum energy from available renewable resources while using curtailment of generation to maintain the network within thermal and voltage limits. By way of a case study of potential wind, wave and tidal current development in the Orkney Islands, Scotland, the analysis provides estimates for the degree of curtailment and consequent economic impact a renewable generator operating under non-firm connection may experience. The methods described provide a first-level analysis that could facilitate appraisal of non-firm connections at the planning stage by estimating the consequences of concurrent generation and demand as well as the frequency and duration of necessary curtailments.
Functioning of the kidneys and human body fluids during five-day immersion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Renal function and body composition, including fluids, were studied during space flight conditions imitation with five-day dry immersion in 14 apparently healthy men. Noninvasive research of water spaces of the body was performed using methods of bioimpedance analysis (BIA). It was shown that renal excretion of fluids increased and negative aqueous balance developed during dry immersion. Bioimpedance research revealed decreased volume of the total body and the extracellular fluids, and the amount of circulating plasma also decreased. Thus, under the conditions of immersion, hypohydration developed in the body. In the recovery period, these changes in the hydration level rapidly returned to the initial values. The lean body mass during immersion was reduced insignificantly and the amount of fat, in contrast, exceeded the baseline levels. Furthermore, the experiment showed technical impossibility to obtain reliable impedancemetry data under the dry immersion conditions.
P18 Knowledge, prevalence and management of domestic accidents in mothers of children under five in mushin surbuban area, Lagos, Nigeria

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background

Domestic accidents are a major cause of death and undesirable incidents in children. It has adverse effects, health-wise and emotionally; even in the future. Moreover, the economic and social hub of Nigeria, Lagos state is lacking an evidence-based study on childhood domestic accidents. This study assessed knowledge on the types, causes and prevention; the prevalence of and management practices used in domestic accidents among mothers of children under five in Mushin Local Government, Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 326 mothers in Mushin Local Government, Lagos. The mothers were recruited using multistage sampling method. Data was collected using a semi-structured, pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaire through Kobo Toolbox software. It was analysed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and Epi- info 7.2.3.0. Chi-squared test was applied to study associations between the variables. P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results

Most mothers had poor knowledge on the types and causes of domestic accidents (73%), 26% of them had moderate knowledge while only 2% of them had good knowledge on this. Cuts/wounds (61.7%) were the commonest type of domestic accidents occuring in the kitchen while falls were mostly recorded in the bedroom (60.1%), bathroom (84.6%) and the immediate surroundings (73.3%). The prevalence of domestic accidents over the last six months before the study was 27.5%, of which 45% were females and 43%, males. Falls (56.8%) was the most prevalent accident. Accidents occurred mostly in the kitchen (35%). Some of the mothers (62%) used first aid at home while others (75%) sought other forms of care including home treatment. Some mothers used potentially harmful remedies in management such as palm/black oils, salt, toothpaste, sheabutter, honey, eggs, malt, milk etc., depending on the domestic accident encountered. Sixty (60) mothers managed the accidents appropriately (68.18%) while twenty-eight (28) mothers managed them inappropriately (31.81%). There was only one death (1%) due to drowning and no recorded deformity. Only 9% of the mothers had good knowledge on preventive practices while 91% of them had poor knowledge. A factor significantly associated with mother’s knowledge on preventive practices was her level of knowledge on the types and causes of domestic accidents (P=0.0004)

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that the knowledge of mothers on domestic accidents was generally poor especially for their level of education and socioeconomic status. They, however, mostly had appropriate management practices. There should be health education programs on prevention and first aid workshops for the management of domestic accidents.
Elastic Behavior of Nonhomogeneous Infinite Medium with a External Crack

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this study, we deal with an elastic problem for a nonhomogeneous medium with an external crack. It is assumed that the nonhomogeneous material property of shear modulus of elasticity G varies with the axial coordinate z according to the power product form. As an analytical model, we consider a nonhomogeneous infinite body with an external crack subject to a loading on the crack surface. The displacement and stress distributions are analyzed using the fundamental equations system proposed in the previous paper and stress intensity factor at the crack tip is evaluated theoretically. And the influence of this nonhomogeneous material constant affected on the displacement, stress distribution and stress intensity factor is discussed by the results of numerical analysis.
Type and Quality of Physical Activity Resources Available to Residents of Urban Neighborhoods

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

0514 Lower-income individuals have higher rates of physical inactivity and report fewer places to exercise with lower quality of resources than higher-income individuals. PURPOSE: To identify the number, type and quality of physical activity (PA) resources available for lower-income public housing development residents in a large metropolitan area. METHODS: Windshield and Internet searches identified PA resources available for residents of 13 public housing development neighborhoods. A neighborhood was defined as an 800-meter radius surrounding each housing development. Each resource was assessed on-site for the presence of 34 different items (e.g., basketball courts, benches, trails, etc.), which were assigned quality ratings ranging from 1 “Poor” to 3 “Good.” Twelve incivilities (e.g., broken glass, unattended dogs, litter, etc.) were assessed at each resource and rated on a 3-point scale. A total score was summed for all incivilities present at each resource (Range 0–36). RESULTS: A total of 54 PA resources were documented for 13 neighborhoods: Fitness Clubs (N = 1), Parks (N = 15), Community Centers (N = 10), Churches (N = 10), Schools (N = 15), and Combination of 2 or more types of resources (N = 3). Each neighborhood had an average of 4.2 resources (SD = 2.6); however, one neighborhood had no resources. The type of resources per neighborhood varied widely. An average of 9.4 (SD = 4.2) of the possible 34 items were present for each resource. The mean quality rating for resources by neighborhood ranged from 2.4 (sd = 0.6) to 2.8 (sd = 0.3) and for all neighborhoods was 2.7 (SD = 0.5). The mean incivilities score for each neighborhood ranged from 1 (sd = 0) to 7 (sd = 1.4), and the average score for all neighborhoods was 4.7 (SD = 3.3). Litter was present at 63% (N = 34) of the resources with 28% of resources (n = 15) having 1 “A little bit, hardly noticeable,” 15% of resources (n = 8) having 2 “A moderate amount, noticeable,” and 20% of resources (n = 11) having 3 “A lot, very noticeable.” CONCLUSION: Most neighborhoods had PA resources; however, objective assessments suggest that improvements could be made in their overall quality by increasing the number and quality of available items present at each resource and removing incivilities (especially litter). *This project was funded by the American Heart Association.
Fallstudienanalyse: Service Reporting in vier Fällen

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Die Ausprägungen des „Service Reportings“ in der Praxis sollen in diesem Kapitel näher untersucht werden. Hierzu werden die in Kapitel 2.2 auf Basis der Balanced Scorecard erarbeiteten Analyseraster herangezogen, um die in der Praxis beobachteten Instrumente zur Steuerung und Kontrolle des Outsourcing-Dienstleisters zu analysieren. Im Folgenden wird zunächst die Methode der Fallstudienanalyse erläutert und ihre Auswahl begründet. Darüber hinaus wird die Vorgehensweise bei der Fallstudienanalyse dargestellt. Im Anschluss daran werden vier ausgewählte Fallstudien ausführlich erörtert. Die Fallstudienanalyse endet mit einem Quervergleich der Fallstudien (sogenannte „Cross-Case Analysis“), aus dem die finalen Ergebnisse der Fallstudienanalyse abgeleitet werden.
Spontaneous mentalizing in patients with schizophrenia – a meta-analysis

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Introduction Mentalizing helps us to understand the behaviour of others in our everyday social interactions. Spontaneous mentalizing without explicit instructions refers to representing mental state attribution. Several studies have described social cognitive deficit in schizophrenia, which largely determines the functional outcome of the disease. Objectives To better understand the involvement of spontaneous mentalizing in schizophrenia, we consider it important to summarize the results of studies that used indirect instruction to measure spontaneous mentalizing performance in schizophrenia. Methods In our meta-analysis, we conducted a systematic search of four large databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials [CENTRAL], Web of Science). A total of 14 articles were involved. Results Based on our findings, the performance of patients with schizophrenia is significantly weaker than in the average population for both scripts with mentalizing interactions (MD: -0.63; 95%CI (-0.90, -0.35); p=0.0021), and with goal-directed movements (SMD: -0.55; 95%CI (-0.97, -0.13); p=0.02). The intentionality of expressions used by patients with schizophrenia is significantly lower compared to the average population (for both animations with complex social interactions: MD: -0.99; 95% CI (-1.39, -0.59); p=0.0003; and with goal-directed movements: MD: -0.31; 95% CI (-0.53, -0.08); p=0.0218). We have found no significant difference neither in appropriateness nor in intentionality of verbal terms between the two goups in the case of animations with random movements. Conclusions Based on the meta-analysis, we found poorer performance in schizophrenia in spontaneous mentalizing. We also found poorer performance in tasks with goal-directed movements used as control tasks, suggesting a more pervasive impairment of mentalizing in schizophrenia. These deficits may affect the functional outcome of the disease and could potentially have therapeutic implications. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
The Evolution of the Donizettian Tenor-Persona

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Evolution of the Donizettian Tenor–Persona WILLIAM ASHBROOK WILLIAM ASHBROOK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Opera Quarterly, Volume 14, Issue 3, Spring 1998, Pages 25–32, https://doi.org/10.1093/oq/14.3.25 Published: 01 March 1998
Modelling and planning of Product Recovery Network: the case study of end-of-life refrigerators in Italy

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper proposes an analytical model for the design and planning of Product Recovery Networks. The model has been validated through the analysis and implementation of a PRN for end-of-life refrigerators in the northern regions of Italy. The scope of the analysis is to evaluate the capacity and cost of the existing network, as well as its possible development in the near future to fulfil the requirements of the Directive 2002/96/EC on WEEE, determining the collection and complete treatment cost for refrigerator unit, identifying a set of plants (location, allocation and configuration) able to manage the target flow rate.