jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Soil Standards for Planting Wisconsin Conifers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Because of the previous depletion of soils by fires, farming, or erosion, many Wisconsin forest plantations now show a rate of growth inadequate to return the accrued cost of planting and current expenses. To reduce in the future financial liabilities, soils and growing stock of 315 plantations were subjected to field and laboratory analyses. The results provided sufficient information to determine the minimum levels of soil fertility factors satisfying the requirements of jack pine, red pine, white pine, and white spruce. The critical levels were established as averages of the least values whose C quotient (±x/d) is smaller than 0.05 probability. The significance of these levels in terms of the expected site index was checked by multiple correlation equations. On short rotations the minimum annual increment promised by the suggested soil fertility standards is between 0.5 and 0.7 cords per acre.
The Georgia Tech Unmanned Aerial Research Vehicle: GTMax

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes the design, development, and operation of a research Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) system that has been developed at the Georgia Institute of Technology, called the GTMax. This description will include the processes put in place to enable the system to be used for UAV-technology research, including effective flight testing. Research UAVs are characterized by the need for continual checkout of experimental software and hardware. Also, flight-testing can be further leveraged by complementing research results with flight-test validated simulation results for the same experimental UAV platform. The chosen helicopter-based UAV platform (a Yamaha R-Max) is well instrumented, including: differential GPS, inertial measurement unit, sonar altimeter, radar altimeter, and a 3-axis magnetometer. One or two flight processors can be utilized.
Identity management standards: A literature review

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Electronic identification (eID) and Identity Management (IDM) in the context of information systems is considered of crucial importance for citizen data safety, since it can authorize the proper stakeholders to access sensitive data. The plethora of information systems’ users and devices, the need for increased data confidentiality and integrity, as well as the requirement for proper data exchange considering short-range and long-range distance data exchange protocols and networks, increases the overall necessity for proper IDM mechanisms and techniques. Nevertheless, it needs to be identified that IDM mechanisms are not only security tools that improve technical skill sets, but the leaders towards opportunities that emerge. This manuscript provides an overview of state-of-the-art IDM standards and regulations towards interoperable eID, namely SAML, WS-Federation, OAuth, OpenID, FIDO, and Mobile Connect, including their latest versions. It considers different architectural components and scenarios, covering aspects of multiple domains, with the ability to be exploited across several networking and communication systems.
Analysis of a Standardized Technique for Laparoscopic Cuff Closure following 1924 Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective . To review the vaginal cuff complications from a large series of total laparoscopic hysterectomies in which the laparoscopic culdotomy closure was highly standardized. Methods . Retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force Classification II-3) of consecutive total and radical laparoscopic hysterectomy patients with all culdotomy closures performed laparoscopically was conducted using three guidelines: placement of all sutures 5 mm deep from the vaginal edge with a 5 mm interval, incorporation of the uterosacral ligaments with the pubocervical fascia at each angle, and, whenever possible, suturing the bladder peritoneum over the vaginal cuff edge utilizing two suture types of comparable tensile strength. Four outcomes are reviewed: dehiscence, bleeding, infection, and adhesions. Results . Of 1924 patients undergoing total laparoscopic hysterectomy, 44 patients (2.29%) experienced a vaginal cuff complication, with 19 (0.99%) requiring reoperation. Five patients (0.26%) had dehiscence after sexual penetration on days 30–83, with 3 requiring reoperation. Thirteen patients (0.68%) developed bleeding, with 9 (0.47%) requiring reoperation. Twenty-three (1.20%) patients developed infections, with 4 (0.21%) requiring reoperation. Three patients (0.16%) developed obstructive small bowel adhesions to the cuff requiring laparoscopic lysis. Conclusion . A running 5 mm deep × 5 mm apart culdotomy closure that incorporates the uterosacral ligaments with the pubocervical fascia, with reperitonealization when possible, appears to be associated with few postoperative vaginal cuff complications.
GLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC (GRP) SEWERS REHABILITATION (A CASE STUDY): INVESTIGATION AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Sewer rehabilitation is defined as all aspect of upgrading the performance of sewerage system, it includes renewal of a sewer by new construction, reinforcement with duplicate sewers, attenuation of storm flows, and renovation where the existing structure is retained and improved. The present study concerns Helwan sewers network which were constructed of GRP sewers, in 1991. The sewer diameters range from 800 to 1800 mm with wall stiffness of 1250 KN/m 2. Ground sinking and failure are happening at different location within the contract zone. A sophisticated investigation program has been carried out to identify the present conditions and to choose the proper rehabilitation technique. The investigations done included Closed Circuit Televising (CCTV) inspection for the entire sewer network. In addition, a detailed geotechnical investigation was carried out using the Electric Cone Penetration Test (ECPT) at different locations of the sewer network. The ECPT tests results revealed the stratification and geotechnical characteristics of the fill around and below the sewers were not properly constructed. This paper presents and analyzes the results of the CCTV inspection of the sewers and also inspects the bedding conditions around the sewer. In addition, the paper highlights the effects of rehabilitation on sewer capacity. Usually rehabilitation decreases the sewer carrying capacity due to reduction of the sewer cross-section area. The degree of sewer flow reduction due to rehabilitation depends upon many factors, include the percentage of deformation, and the rehabilitation material thickness. In the present study although the rehabilitation will decreases the sewer caring capacity due to the reduction of the cross-sectional area by lining it does not decrease the required sewer capacity in many locations.
Do Organizational Politics and Organizational Commitment Affect Budgetary Slack Creation in Public Organizations?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

New public management promoting efficient use of public resources has increasingly drawn attention for the last three decades. However, the problem of inefficient use of public resources has not been resolved yet. Investigating the budgetary slack concept may be useful in solving this efficiency problem. To this end, this research focuses on propensity of managers who work in public organizations to create budgetary slack and factors affecting their propensities such as perception of organizational politics and organizational commitment. Results demonstrate that the effects of "general political behavior" and "go along to get ahead", which are the sub-dimensions of organizational politics perception, on managers' propensity to create budgetary slack are positive. It is also found that organizational commitment has a statistically significant and negative impact on general political behavior and go along to get ahead.
Dynamic Spin-Lattice Coupling and Nematic Fluctuations in NaFeAs

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We use inelastic neutron scattering to study acoustic phonons and spin\nexcitations in single crystals of NaFeAs, a parent compound of iron pnictide\nsuperconductors. NaFeAs exhibits a tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural\ntransition at $T_s\\approx 58$ K and a collinear antiferromagnetic (AF) order at\n$T_N\\approx 45$ K. While longitudinal and out-of-plane transverse acoustic\nphonons behave as expected, the in-plane transverse acoustic phonons reveal\nconsiderable softening on cooling to $T_s$, and then harden on approaching\n$T_N$ before saturating below $T_N$. In addition, we find that spin-spin\ncorrelation lengths of low-energy magnetic excitations within the FeAs layer\nand along the $c$-axis increase dramatically below $T_s$, and show weak anomaly\nacross $T_N$. These results suggest that the electronic nematic phase present\nin the paramagnetic tetragonal phase is closely associated with dynamic\nspin-lattice coupling, possibly arising from the one-phonon-two-magnon\nmechanism.\n
Análisis de la similitud molecular entre fármacos y plantas medicinales aplicando espectroscopía Raman

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In this thesis is proposed a methodology to compare the chemical composition between the drug Ranitidine and the Milenrama plant through Raman spectroscopy obtaining its correlation coefficient. It should be mentioned that both treatments have an effect on the acid-peptic disease (AP) that is a public health problem in Mexico. To characterize the Raman spectrum of the medicinal plant, the algorithm of Scattered Representations (Sparse) was used, where Raman Milenrama spectra were obtained from samples of the plant that had been subjected to processes such as: lyophilization, extraction by supercritical fluids, Soxhlet extraction and the preparation of infusions, in order to obtain their main characteristics so that they were learned by the algorithm. Subsequently, 4 graphical comparisons were made: Milenrama- Patent Ranitidine (RVP), Milenrama-Generic Ranitidine (RVG), Milenrama-Ranitidine Laboratory of Similar (RVS) and Milenrama-Ranitidine composite with Bismuth Subsalicylate (RVSB). The highest correlation index was obtained between Milenrama and RVSB, with a 0.36 degree of correlation. This thesis addresses the strategy on traditional medicine developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2014, which highlights the need to promote the safe, effective and complementary use of traditional medicine (MT) through regulation and scientific research, the contribution is based on a methodology that applies the optical technique Raman spectroscopy (RS) and the computational technique scattered representations (Sparse) in order to analyze a medicinal plant and an equivalent drug. It is intended to create bases for the future to be able to use this methodology with any other medicinal plant and an equivalent drug that one wishes to analyze, and leave the way to develop deep research on the development of MT equivalent to drugs.
Pandemic effects on health condition specific healthcare encounters in British Columbia, Canada.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ObjectiveWhile overall health service use declined following the start of the pandemic, the aim of this analysis is to generate insights to inform public health priorities by identifying higher-than-expected patterns of health care service use for some health condition and population groups. ApproachHealth care encounters for hospital, emergency department, and primary care encounters between 2011 and 2021 were categorized into condition groups according to the CIHI Population Grouping Methodology (British Columbia version). Actual health condition encounters were compared with ARIMA-based encounter forecasts to identify conditions with different-from-expected encounter rates in 2020 and 2021. For each of 225 CIHI-defined health conditions, we identified health conditions for which service use was higher-than-expected. Area-based socioeconomic status and virtual care visit data are examined to further explore conditions that continue to differ from their pre-pandemic encounter patterns. ResultsThis analysis demonstrates that some health condition groups have seen dramatic increases in service use. The three most impacted groups with higher-than-expected encounters are hypercholesterolaemia/high cholesterol [47.8% increase in average monthly encounters since 2019], emotional and behavioural disorder (w/onset generally in childhood) [+37.3%] and neurotic/anxiety/obsessive compulsive disorder [+28.0%]. Since the start of the pandemic in British Columbia, the health condition groups with both the highest volumes of services and higher than expected service use included: hypercholesterolemia & hypothyroidism, mental health conditions (eating disorder, depression, and others), hypertension and heart failure, and diabetes. Additional descriptive analysis explores potential inequities in encounters by socio-economic status and how virtual care has changed service patterns. ConclusionIncreased service use may reflect greater need, better access to virtual care or potential changes in diagnoses. Identifying patterns of higher-than-expected use can support program planning to address growing need in certain regions or populations. Additional exploration will be undertaken to examine lower-than-expected service use as potential unmet need.
A model-free test of the time-reversibility of climate change processes

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Time-reversibility is a crucial feature of many time series models, while time-irreversibility is the rule rather than the exception in real-life data. Testing the null hypothesis of time-reversibilty, therefore, should be an important step preliminary to the identification and estimation of most traditional time-series models. Existing procedures, however, mostly consist of testing necessary but not sufficient conditions, leading to under-rejection, or sufficient but non-necessary ones, which leads to over-rejection. Moreover, they generally are model-besed. In contrast, the copula spectrum studied by Goto et al. ($\textit{Ann. Statist.}$ 2022, $\textbf{50}$: 3563--3591) allows for a model-free necessary and sufficient time-reversibility condition. A test based on this copula-spectrum-based characterization has been proposed by authors. This paper illustrates the performance of this test, with an illustration in the analysis of climatic data.
Geotechnical enhancement of expansive soils through zeolitic tuff and cement treatments

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. The low strength and tendency to swell of expansive soil present a substantial engineering challenge. The cracks and other forms of distress in structures and roads that frequently occur as a consequence of the expansive soil's swelling potential result in substantial financial losses. The main objective of this research is to conduct experimental tests to assess the possibility of improving the characteristics of expansive soil by using different additions. The study utilized various ratios of Zeolitic tuff, namely 10, 20, 25, and 30 percent, in combination with cement of at 2, 4, and 6 percent. The test results clearly indicate that incorporating Natural Zeolite as an additive yielded beneficial effects on various geotechnical properties. Specifically, the addition of Natural Zeolite resulted in improvements such as reduced plasticity, minimized linear shrinkage, and decreased swell potential of the soil. Moreover, it contributed to an increase in the maximum dry unit weight, enhancing the soil's overall stability and strength. The results were verified through microstructural examination employing Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
Glutamate as a transmitter of the hippocampal commissural system.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

In rabbits, after unilateral hippocampus extirpation, glutamate level decreased in the contralateral hippocampal fields CA1, CA3 and area dentata. No change in aspartate content was observed. A detailed analysis of glutamate level in single layers of the dentate area revealed that, after removal of the contralateral hippocampus, glutamate content decreased in those layers receiving normally a dense input of commissural terminals. If, however, deafferented layers border innervation zones of other glutamergic systems, such as of the entorhinal perforant path, their glutamate concentration will normalize after longer survival times. It is concluded that glutamergic fibers of different origin proliferate into the decommissurated areas. As a reflection of this activity, glutamate level rises in those layers where the sprouting originates.
[A case of successful surgical repair for congenital corrected transposition of the great arteries associated with Ebstein's malformation and diverticulum of atrialized ventricle].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Congenital corrected transposition of the great arteries (C-TGA) is frequently associated with VSD and PS. Systemic atrioventricular valve regurgitation is also sometimes present in patients with C-TGA. It is though that left-sided A-V valve regurgitation is caused by the deformities of the tricuspid valve (TV) or intolerance of TV and the right ventricle (RV) against systemic pressure load. We had a patient with C-TGA associated with Ebstein's malformation. The patient suffered from congestive heart failure due to left-sided A-V valve regurgitation. In this case, the septal and posterior leaflets were displaced below the atrioventricular annulus. The edges of all valves were thickened and partially calcified. Focal agenesis was found in the septal leaflet. There was a distinct atrialized ventricle which had a thin wall and no trabeculae. It shaped like a diverticulum of 3 cm in depth toward the diaphragm. Preoperative cardiac catheterization showed that the functional RV had an adequate size (RVEDVI 162% of normal) and ejection fraction was 53%. Left-sided valve replacement was performed using SJM 31M with preservation of TV. Left-sided atrioventricular annulus was so deformed due to the diverticulum that the prosthetic valve was sutured at the ventricular wall below the atrioventricular annulus to which TV had attached. Good clinical result was obtained after surgical treatment.
Genetic resistance of common bean cultivar Beija Flor to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT. Anthracnose, which is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, is one of the most widespread and important diseases of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the world. The objective of the present study was to characterize the genetic resistance of the Beija Flor cultivar by inheritance and to conduct allelism tests. The inheritance test was conducted in the F2 population derived from the Beija Flor (resistant) x TU (susceptible) cross inoculated with race 2047 of C. lindemuthianum. Furthermore, allelism tests exhibited a fitted segregation ratio of 15R:1S, thereby indicating the independence of the Beija Flor gene from the following previously characterized genes: Co-1, Co-2, Co-4, Co-42, Co-6, Co-12, Co-14, Co-15, and Co-Pe. Based on the aforementioned results, we are proposing the symbol Co-Bf to designate the new anthracnose resistance gene in the Brazilian Andean common bean cultivar Beija Flor. This cultivar is an important source of resistance to C. lindemuthianum that should provide a valuable contribution to the common bean breeding program for anthracnose resistance.
Influence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) monotherapy on persistent clinical and immunological responses in Asian metastatic melanoma patients with specific CD8+ TIL proportions: A phase I trial.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

9548 Background: TIL therapy, as one of the most promising adaptive cellular immunotherapy, has shown success in metastatic melanoma, with a median overall response rate (ORR) of 28% and median PFS (progression free survival) of 7.2 months. This phase I clinical trial aimed to explore the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of TILs monotherapy in Asian metastatic melanoma pts. Methods: Pts with metastatic melanoma who had progressed on standard therapies, had both resectable and measurable tumors were eligible to be enrolled. Pts received a lymphodepletion regimen which consisted of cyclophosphamide (30mg/kg) for 2 days, followed by Fludarabine (25mg/m 2 ) for 5 days, approximately 24 hours before receiving the intravenous autologous LM103 (TILs) infusion and then high dose IL-2 for 6 doses (200000IU/Kg, 1 dose per day. Doses can be adjusted based on pts tolerance to support T cell survival and proliferation. Results: Twelve pts (aged 26-68 yrs) with metastatic melanoma were enrolled and treated, including 8 males. Among the primary melanoma types, 6 were acral, 3 mucosal, 2 unknown, and 1 cutaneous. 7 pts had distant organ metastases. As of Jan 2025, 8 out of 12 pts were assessable, one could not be evaluated due to rapid brain metastases and 3 remained under safety observation (median follow-up, 6 wks; range, 2-48 wks). Resected tumors used for TIL production were from 8 metastatic lymph nodes and 4 subcutaneous nodules. The infused autologous TIL contained 8.24-19.47X10 10 viable cells. The median duration of IL-2 infusion were 5.08 days, with a median dose of 13.75 IU/Kg/day. The most frequent treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were myelosuppression (100%), fever (100%), anemia (100%), and hypotension (100%). Grade 3-4 TEAEs included neutropenia (100%), lymphopenia (100%), leukopenia (100%), fever (75%), thrombocytopenia (62.5%), and anemia. The ORR was 50% (4/8, 4PR, 2SD, 2PD) per RECIST v1.1. The median PFS was not reached and the longest PFS was 11.4 months. Responders demonstrated a larger number of T cell clones, higher T cell receptor (TCR) diversity (Inverse Simpson Index), and lower TCR clonality compared to non-responders ( P =0.031, P=0.049 and P=0.033 ), based on real time peripheral monocytes analysis. These findings suggest that the LM103 in responders recognized a broader antigen spectrum . Notably, about 50% of initial TCR clones can be detected 18 wks post-infusion, suggesting LM103 persistence. Post-hoc analysis revealed that responders had a CD8+ T-cells proportion of 60-80%, while non-responders exhibited extreme proportions (<10% or >80%). Conclusions: LM103 was well tolerated and demonstrated durable responses in Asian patients with advanced melanoma. Patients with 60-80% CD8+T-cell proportions are more likely to respond to TIL therapy. Clinical trial information: CTR20233999 .