jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Performances of the first and second generation composite breed resulting from crossing between local Sumatra sheep and hair sheep.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Improving sheep productivity can be conducted by genetic improvement and improving environmental factors. Genetic improvement usually can be done by selection and creating composite or synthetic breed by crossbreeding. Composite breed created by crossbreeding between different breeds and followed by selection. The study of crossing between Sumatra sheep with fat-tail sheep from East Java, St . Croix hair sheep (US) and Barbados Blackbelly hair sheep has been carried out since 1986, and show that the crossbred are better in term of production and reproduction . In 1996/1997, the first generation (F1) of composite breed (KOM) has been created by crossing between Barbados Cross (BC) rams and St . Croix Cross (HC) ewes or reciprocally. The second generation (F2) of composite breed has been created by inter-se mating . However, F1-KOM and F2-KOM Â vary in their performances, therefore selection should be conducted. The results showed that birth weight and weaning weight of crossing between BC rams and HC ewes tended to be heavier than those of reciprocal crossing between HC rams and BC ewes, but the differences were not significant (P0 .05) . Birth weight and weaning weight of crossing between BC rams with HC ewes and reciprocal cross were 2.48 _+ 0.70 kg (n=791), 12 .50 _+ 3 .26 kg (n=640) and 2.37 _+ 0.62 kg (n=147), 12 .29 _+ 3.30kg (n=122), respectively . Meanwhile, observations of inter-se mating of Fl-KOM showed that the weight at the first mating was 26 .7 _+ 3.82 kg (n=80), age of dam at the first lambing was 15 .7 _+ 1 .73 months (n=83), weight at post-partum was 29 .86 _+ 3 .30 kg, and litter size at the first parity was 1 .43 _+ 0.59 (n=83) . The mean of age at the first mating of KOM was around 10 .7 months. Mean of mating weight at the second parity was 28 .29 +_ 3 .51 kg (n=11), age of dam at the Â second lambing was 20.6 _+ 1 .99 month (n=11), post-partum weight was 26 .92 _+ 4.03 kg (n=11) and litter size was 1 .64 _+ 0.81 (n=11) . Weaning weight of Fl-KOM, F2-KOM, BC, HC and St. Croix (H) after adjusted by season, sex, age of dam and type of birth were significantly different among Fl-KOM with F2-KOM, BC, HC, and H. However, there were no significantly different among F2-KOM with BC and HC. The results of the study indicated that for improving selection respons, the corrections or adjustments of environmentally induced superiority (sex, type of birth and age of dam at lambing) for every genotype and certain generation should be conducted, in order to increase the rate of genetic improvement. Â Key words : Composite breed, first generation, second generation
Exploring Entrepreneurs’ Motivation: Comparison of Croatia, European Post-socialist and Developed Countries

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This article explores the entrepreneurial profiles of Croatian entrepreneurs and compares them with the profiles of entrepreneurs of post-socialist and developed European countries. Specifically, logistic regression analysis was used to find the best descriptors of the opportunity and necessity-driven entrepreneurs in Croatia, post-socialist and developed European countries. Results indicate that chances for engaging in opportunity-driven entrepreneurship in Croatia are increasing for men and those who perceive their income level and competencies for running a business as high. The likelihood of engagement in opportunity-driven entrepreneurial activity in the post-socialist context has been related to the age rather than gender and innovations in the product/market matrix or higher export expectations. The developed countries’ datasets reveal that opportunity-driven entrepreneurs have been related to higher expectations of growth through new job openings.
Aluminum electrocoagulation: defluoridation technology for Andhra Pradesh, India

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper begins with an overview of the origin, magnitude, geographical distribution, and health consequences of the geogenic fluoride contamination problem around the world and particularly in Nalgonda District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Various current defluoridation technologies are discussed and electrolytic defluoridation (EDF), developed by the Indian National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, is proposed as a potential sustainable solution for groundwater treatment in South India. The paper concludes with a discussion of future research plans to test if EDF meets the requirements to make it an effective solution for Nalgonda: it is culturally acceptable, technically feasible and robust in a rural setting, and operation and maintenance require minimal capital expenditure and skilled labor.
Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Spices and Herbs against Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteria

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Spices have been defined as plant substances from indigenous or exotic origin, aromatic or with strong taste, used to enhance the taste of foods. Herbs and spices have been used during the middle ages for flavoring, food preservation and medicinal purposes. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the phytochemicals and antimicrobial properties of extracts of nine types of commercial herbs and spices commonly used in the production of ready meals. Phytochemical screening tests was conducted for nine spice species and found that extract contains a variety of Phytochemicals like saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides and reducing sugars and among which there is higher level of precipitation for phenol and flavonoids. As they are essential source of antimicrobial agents against pathogens, their extracts were tested for its antimicrobial activity by well diffusion method using Nutrient agar against human pathogenic bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus. The findings showed potential antibacterial properties of the extracts against the organisms tested. Among the nine-spice extract tested, ethanol extract of garlic shows higher inhibition zone. Agar well diffusion assay for antimicrobial activity yielded the inhibitory zone of 7±1.15mm diameter for black cumin, 12.50±1.12mm diameter for ginger, 10.30±0.73mm for cloves and 13.45±0.58mm diameter for garlic extract indicating that garlic was the most effective spice in inhibiting the microbial growth. Finding of the study concluded that Spices possesses the anti-microbial capabilities against infections (diseases) caused by Staphylococcus aureus and seems to be useful in the discovery of antibiotic drugs.
Postnatal lung growth: evidence that the gas-exchange region grows fastest at the periphery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The site(s) at which the gas-exchange region enlarges after alveoli are formed from the saccules of the immature lung is unclear; however, this information might be important to studies of the regulation of lung growth. Although aware of important assumptions on which it rests, we undertook this study to test the idea that the lung's gas-exchange region enlarges more rapidly in the immediate subpleural region than more centrally. To label the interstitium of the gas-exchange region, rats were provided silver-containing water from age 23 to 135 days (112 days). Some were killed at age 135 days, others 51 days after silver exposure ended (age 186 days). We considered silver grains that formed in the interstitium as a marker of lung present or formed during silver exposure; tissue added after exposure would diminish the numerical density of grains and the fastest growing sites would have the lowest grain density. Rats killed on the 112th day of silver exposure had a silver grain density in their immediate subpleural gas-exchange matrix that was 28% lower than in their more central gas-exchange matrix. Rats killed 51 days after silver exposure ended had a grain density in the immediate subpleural region that was 65% lower than in the central matrix of the gas-exchange region. The grain density in the rats killed 51 days after silver exposure ended was 33% lower in the central matrix and 67% lower in the peripheral matrix than in the respective regions of rats killed on day 112 of exposure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Digoxin-Estradiol-17β Interaction: A Study of Uteiotropic Effects in Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Digoxin-Estradiol-17β Interaction: A Study of Uteiotropic Effects in Rats Get access SHELDON S. STOFFER, M.D., SHELDON S. STOFFER, M.D. *Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation Rochester, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar NAI-SIANG JIANG, PH.D. NAI-SIANG JIANG, PH.D. *Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation Rochester, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Endocrinology, Volume 90, Issue 3, 1 March 1972, Pages 843–846, https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-90-3-843 Published: 01 March 1972 Article history Received: 21 September 1971 Published: 01 March 1972
Timely use of anti-snake venom improves maternal and fetal outcome: a case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Snake bite is a common medical emergency and an occupational hazard in a rural population of India. Though it is uncommon in pregnancy, it is associated with poor maternal and fetal outcome. Early gestational age and delay in the treatment are the factors responsible for unfavorable prognosis. Here, we report a case of primigravida, aged 22 years, with 22 weeks of gestation presenting with a history of snake bite on the left frontal region of the face. While on anti-snake venom treatment, patient developed anaphylactic reaction. In spite of this, the maternal and the fetal outcome were good in this case.
Liver ultrastructure in Gilbert's syndrome.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Electron microscopy of hepatic tissue obtained by percutaneous needle biopsy from nine patients with Gilbert's syndrome has revealed in every case gross hypertrophy of hepatocyte agranular endoplasmic reticulum but no other important abnormality. While this may have relevance to impairment of microsomal enzyme activity controlling bilirubin conjugation within liver cells, the serum bilirubin levels in all nine patients were below that normally associated with demonstrable UDP-glucuronyl transferase deficiency. Gross hypertrophy of agranular endoplasmic reticulum may be, therefore, a constant feature of this form of Gilbert's syndrome and may have some diagnostic value in the investigation of unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia.
5‐Azacytydine and resveratrol reverse senescence and ageing of adipose stem cells via modulation of mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Obesity and endocrine disorders have become prevalent issues in the field of both human and veterinary medicine. Equine metabolic syndrome is a complex disorder involving alternation in metabolism and chronic systemic inflammation. It has been shown that unfavourable microenvironment of inflamed adipose tissue negatively affects adipose stem cell population ( ASC ) residing within, markedly limiting their therapeutic potential. ASC s EMS are characterized by increased senescence apoptosis, excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ), mitochondria deterioration and “autophagic flux.” The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether treatment of ASC s EMS with a combination of 5‐azacytydine ( AZA ) and resveratrol ( RES ) would reverse aged phenotype of these cells. For this reason, we performed the following analyzes: molecular biology ( RT ‐ PCR ), microscopic (immunofluorescence, TEM ) and flow cytometry ( JC ‐1, ROS , Ki67). We evaluated the mitochondrial status, dynamics and clearance as well as autophagic pathways. Furthermore, we investigated epigenetic alternations in treated cells by measuring the expression of TET genes and analysis of DNA methylation status. We have demonstrated that AZA / RES treatment of ASC s EMS is able to rejuvenate these cells by modulating mitochondrial dynamics, in particular by promoting mitochondrial fusion over fission. After AZA / RES treatment, ASC s EMS were characterized by increased proliferation rate, decreased apoptosis and senescence and lower ROS accumulation. Our findings offer a novel approach and potential targets for the beneficial effects of AZA / RES in ameliorating stem cell dysfunctions.
Tracing the simulated high-redshift circum-galactic medium with Lyman α emission

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract With the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE), it is now possible to detect spatially extended Lyman α (Lyα) emission from individual faint (MUV ∼ −18) galaxies at redshifts, 3 &lt; z &lt; 6, tracing gas out to circum-galactic scales. To explore the implications of such observations, we present a cosmological radiation hydrodynamics simulation of a single galaxy, chosen to be typical of the Lyα-emitting galaxies detected by MUSE in deep fields. We use this simulation to study the origin and dynamics of the high-redshift circum-galactic medium (CGM). We find that the majority of the mass in the diffuse CGM is comprised of material infalling for the first time towards the halo center, but with the inner CGM also containing a comparable amount of mass that has moved past first-pericentric passage, and is in the process of settling into a rotationally supported configuration. Making the connection to Lyα emission, we find that the observed extended surface brightness profile is due to a combination of three components: scattering of galactic Lyα emission in the CGM, in-situ emission of CGM gas (mostly infalling), and Lyα emission from small satellite galaxies. The weight of these contributions vary with distance from the galaxy such that (1) scattering dominates the inner regions (r &lt; 7 kpc), at surface brightness larger than a few 10−19 cgs, (2) all components contribute equally around r ∼ 10 kpc (or SB∼10−19), and (3) the contribution of small satellite galaxies takes over at large distances (or SB∼10−20).
SU‐FF‐I‐52: Comprehensive CT Dosimetry Database for Pediatric and Adult Reference Males and Females: A Monte Carlo Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To establish an organ dose database for pediatric and adult male and female reference individuals undergoing computed tomography (CT) examinations and to develop software providing the dose information within a graphical user interface (GUI). Methods and Material: A series of hybrid computational human phantoms was developed at the University of Florida by using realistic patient CT images and flexible Non‐Uniform Rational B‐Spline (NURBS) surfaces. The phantoms include newborn, 1, 5, 10, 15, and adult male and female matched to the four reference data: reference organ mass from ICRP Publication 89, anthropometric data from CDC, tissue composition from ICRU Report 46, and intestine models of ICRP Publication 100. The 12 reference phantoms were ported into MCNPX2.5 code where helical fan beams from SOMATOM Sensation 16 helical multi‐slice CT scanner were modeled. Organ absorbed doses were calculated for Head, Chest, Abdomen, Pelvis, CAP examinations. Software was developed to provide the dosimetry database with GUI. The scanner matching algorithm was employed from the commercial software CT‐EXPO to take different scanner parameters from different scanner models into account. Results: Normalized values of organ absorbed dose (mGy/100 mAs) were calculated for 25 organs in the 12 phantoms undergoing CT examinations were calculated. The comprehensive CT dose database was incorporated into GUI‐supported software to provide realistic and consistent dosimetry information to end‐user. The dose results were compared with those from CT‐EXPO and significant differences were shown in major organ absorbed doses which were mainly caused by the anatomical difference between UF hybrid phantoms and limited stylized and old voxel phantoms in CT‐EXPO. Conclusion: The software developed in this study significantly improved accuracy and consistency of organ dose assessments in CT examinations which have not been implemented in a couple of previous CT dose evaluation software. This work is funded by the NCI Radiation Epidemiology Branch
Land art e paesaggio entropico Immagine come innovazione estetica

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The research aims to deepen Robert Smithson’s theoretical study in relation to the concept of entropic landscape during the first years of the Land Art and the consequential impact on today’s concept of image. The late 1960s was the time of feminism, of worker and student uprisings in Europe and in the US, of Cold War, of the first satellite image of Earth. In this context, environmental art represented a radical shift in the use of the image in art: isolated artworks, such as Spiral Jetty and Dissipate , changed our point of view. The project explores and interrogates the reflections and successive considerations on landscape and image that the artist developed during his career. The main topic is critique and analysis of landscape through visual art. These experiences inaugurated a new and avant-garde approach: the aesthetics of the entropic, which leads to a form of socio-political debate that will be analysed through photography and video. The idea of an art that builds a new vision reflects the collective action toward reality, simultaneously expressing the landscape condition and the current entropic, instead of resolving it in the form of an object belonging to an armoured dimension. This change of cultural and visual coordinates found absolute consensus in the words of Simmel when he refers to painting and frame: true line between the contingency and the absolute.
‘The second industrial revolution’: cultural reconstructions of industrial regions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper is concerned with the cultural reconstructions of the industrial Midlands in current programmes of urban regeneration, heritage reconstruction and place promotion, particularly where they involve projects of landscaping and architectural renovation. The paper establishes two points of departure. The first is that manufacturing industry is regarded as an unfashionable identity for a region to possess. Second, it is argued that strategies of place promotion, heritage reconstruction and urban regeneration have a number of audiences whose expectations may be in conflict; thus, accommodating these expectations is problematic. This paper examines the presence of industrial imagery within projects of urban regeneration and explores the strategies employed to accommodate the expectations of its audiences.
Key Agreement in the Standard Model

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We show how to construct a certicateless key agreement protocol from the certicateless key encapsulation mechanism introduced by Lippold et al. (2009a) in ICISC 2009 using the Boyd et al. (2008) protocol from ACISP 2008. We introduce the CanettiKrawczyk (CK) model for certicateless cryptography, give security notions for Type I and Type II adversaries in the CK model, and highlight the dierences to the existing e 2 CK model discussed by Lippold et al. (2009b). The resulting CK model is more relaxed thus giving more power to the adversary than the original CK model.
New applications for laser ablation high resolution ICPMS (LA-HR-ICP-MS): Quantitative measurements of gallium diffusion across human root dentin

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Laser-ablation high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-HR-ICP-MS) has been used for in situ determination of gallium concentration in treated human teeth. Gallium salts have an inhibitory effect on osteoclastic activity. Established as a therapeutic agent in regulating serum calcium and bone resorption, gallium has recently been proposed as a treatment for external root resorption. This study examines the diffusion of gallium introduced as the nitrate, through root dentin from the prepared root canal toward the root surface. Root canals from extracted human teeth were biomechanically prepared, sealed apically, and closed off coronally with polyethylene tubing. A 1.0 M solution of gallium nitrate, chelated by 1.0 M citrate buffer (pH 7.4), was introduced into canals, and roots were then suspended in test tubes of distilled water. The gallium-treated teeth were analyzed for 43Ca, 69Ga, and 71Ga isotopes. Elemental data were obtained by ablation with Nd∶YAG laser operating in the UV region (266 nm) by Merchantek and isotopic analysis with a Sector Field ICP-MS by Finnigan MAT. A 50 ppm glass standard (NIST-612) was also analyzed for the same isotopes. Quantification was performed by assuming a uniform nominal calcium concentration value of 27 g per 100 g of dry dentin across the root and using the 43Ca signal for internal calibration. The precision (RSD%) of measurements for 43Ca for the NIST-612 glass standard was found to be within 3.2% to 4.6% and for the tooth samples within 15.4% to 19.1%. The precision of determination for 69Ga for the NIST-612 glass standard was between 3.1% and 5.7%. The analysis revealed a significant uptake of gallium by the root dentin, ranging from ≈20 000 ppm for the upper portion of the root to ≈8000 ppm for the areas in the lower sections. The analysis also revealed that a significant concentration gradient was established for gallium nitrate across the root dentin. The results from this study suggest that, in an effort to inhibit root resorption, therapeutic concentrations of gallium can be achieved throughout the root dentin when the prepared root canal is treated with 1.0 M gallium nitrate.
Jesus' Urgent Message for Today: The Kingdom of God in Mark's Gospel

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Kingdom of God is like an intergalactic starship in constant orbit around the earth. No on can see it, but its tremendous power is available at all times to anyone who is dedicated to its transcendent message. With this splendid metaphor, Maloney launches into an engaging study of the Gospel of Mark.He argues forcefully that the key theme of the book is eschatology (death and resurrection) and his argument goes against the grain of the majority of Markan scholars who contend that the themes of the Gospel are discipleship and the Messianic secret. Maloney asserts that Markan scholars have so often missed this point because of their location in the First World. They lack the cultural orientation to understand the force of Mark's message about the coming Kingdom of God. Thus, traditional interpretations of Mark have emphasized a privatization of morality among Christians and a lack of concern for the well-being of the worldwide human community. The remedy for such a reading of Mark is to read it through the eyes of the people whose experience is most like that of Mark's original audience. Maloney uses the insights of Latin American biblical interpreters and the results of social science research into the first-century Mediterranean world to provide a fresh and provocative reading of Mark's gospel. Elliott C. Maloney, O.S.B. is Professor of New Testament Studies and Biblical Languages at Saint Vincent Seminary in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, a member of the Religious Studies Faculty at Saint Vincent College, and the author of Semitic Interference in Marcan Syntax.