jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Amelia. Dir. by Mira Nair. Prod. by Kevin Hyman, Lydia Dean Pilcher, Ted Waitt, Don Carmody, and Genevieve Hofmeyr. Fox Searchlight Pictures, 2009. 111 mins. (http://www.foxsearchlight.com/amelia/)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

What is the cultural terrain staked out by Amelia, the Hollywood biopic about the intrepid flyer Amelia Earhart? The quick shots that precede the opening credits direct attention to the particular themes that the screenwriters Ron Bass and Anna Hamilton Phelan have emphasized in their feature about the flyer. Her airplane taking off into the dark gestures to the mystery of her last flight and her disappearance without a trace. Her celebrity status is indicated by cheering crowds, radio interviews, and photographs, and it fuses seamlessly with her status as an object of heterosexual adoration once we learn that her publicity is orchestrated by her promoter/ husband George P. Putnam. There are intimations of Earhart's adventurous and dauntless spirit via a more hopeful takeoff into a dawn sky, expansive aerial views accompanied by soaring music, and a playful exchange between Earhart and her navigator crewman. There are reminders of the enormous risks of her flights, voiced here and later in the film by the concerned husband. Scenes alternate between a serene and smiling Earhart at the controls, the vastness of the ocean, and the ambiguity of the clouds. The plot features the bold and daring female pilot, glamorous celebrity, and gloriously heterosexual romantic partner who had it all, lost it all, and defied death's inevitability by disappearing into a mystery.
Plant responses of an Aeschynomene americana--Hemarthria altissima association to grazing management / by Lynn Elwood Sollenberger.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

CHAPTER II PAGE 6.1Mean aeschynomene seed production (unadjusted for closure date) for sites that were ungrazed (U) , that were last grazed before flowering (BF), or that were last grazed after flowering (AF) 106 6.2 Mean high and low temperatures for 15-day periods from 1 Sept. to 30 Nov. 1983 and 1984 109 A-l The effect of aeschynomene seeding rate on numbers of aeschynomene seedlings in limpograss sods at 10, 20, 30, and 60 days after seeding (1983) 119 A-2 Legume seeding date x establishment method (D = disk and B = broadcast) interaction means for aeschynomene seedling number at 10, 20, and 30 days after seeding in limpograss sods (1984) 120 A-3 Legume seeding date x seeding rate (kg ha ) interaction means for aeschynomene seedling number at 10, 20, and 30 days after seeding in limpograss sods (1984).
Digital in-line holographic imaging of intracellular nanoparticles tagged with TAT peptide

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

As the field of nanoparticles for biological and medical applications moves on apace, their interaction with cellular membranes remains an enigma. Internalization of nanoparticles in the cell are being studied extensively to acquire knowledge on various physiological properties (i.e. size, charge, permeability and receptor density) governing their interactions with the cell. Analysis and comparisons of various kinds of endocytotic studies are being carried out using several optical techniques. The need to track the temporal efficiency of these molecular movements combined with their positional information at different time frames demands a three-dimensional imaging approach. The resolution of the three-dimensional imaging system should be capable of recording nanoparticle movements whose step size would be in the range of nanometres. In this context, this project is aimed at exploring the capability of Digital In-line holography for imaging the intracellular nanoparticles in fixed cells with a view towards developing this technology for real time temporal investigations in the near future. The experiments involved fluorescence and holographic imaging of two different cell lines with internalized functionalized nanoparticles. A customized digital in-line holography set up was assembled to acquire the holograms of nanoparticle distributions inside the cell. The holograms and fluorescence images were compared to confirm the absence of artifacts due to imaging systems. Then the holograms were reconstructed using an algorithm implemented through MATLAB. The analysis of the images clearly revealed the utility Of in-line holography for acquiring holograms of intracellular nanoparticles and in reconstructing them at different axial distances thereby apparently predicting their axial and spatial distributions. Hence, it is perceived that this project can be further improvised to extract the valuable temporal details at molecular level by applying it in real time imaging. These investigations would lead to a better understanding of transport phenomena across membranes and can be employed in the process of designing and delivering drugs to the targeted domain at the desired instant of time.
Idade como variável na resposta broncomotora adrenérgica/colinérgica.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Changes of pulmonary mechanisms, receptor population and nervous control of the airway, that occur with ageing, are responsible for the different clinical presentation of pathologies like asthma, as well as different efficacy of bronchodilator therapeutics in the aged patient. To be explained are the effects of age in the bronchodilator response to beta-mimetics and cholinergics and the existent evidence is discordant. Some comparative studies of that pharmacological response, made on asthmatics, have shown an efficacy decline with age. Others didn't find any significant difference.Individual evaluation of bronchodilator response in individuals of different age groups to salbutamol and ipratropium bromide.Three groups of 12 patients - witness group (W), young healthy individuals; control group (C), elderly individuals without respiratory pathology; study group (S), elderly individuals with bronchial asthma - were submitted to functional ventilator evaluation followed by a bronchodilator test in two consecutive days (one day with salbutamol (s), other with ipratropium bromide (b). In S all were in a stable period, without anti-asthmatic medication in the previous 24 hours. Plethismography and spirometry followed ATS/ERS, 2005 criteria. To evaluate the bronchomotor response we used as criteria an increase of 12% or 200 ml in FEV1 or in FVC, after inhalation of 40 mcg of ipratropium bromide or 200+200 mcg of salbutamol.The variability of response was constant. With age, (W Vs C) there was an increase on negative responses to both drugs (4 Vs 8); a decrease on responses simultaneously positives to s and negatives to b (4 Vs 2) and an increase on responses simultaneously positives to b and negatives to s (0 Vs 1). With age and associated disease (W Vs S) the number of responses simultaneously positives to both drugs has raised (1 Vs 3); the number of responses simultaneously negatives to both drugs kept constant (4 Vs 4); the number of responses simultaneously positives to s and negatives to b decreased (4 Vs 1); number of responses simultaneously positives to b and negatives to s increased (0 Vs 2).An individual analysis of bronchomotricity in different groups leads to the conclusion that, with age, there was a decrease in bronchial lability, independently of the used drug. Globally, in aged asthmatics, the bronchial response was superior to the healthy ones, as expected. The individual analyses of the positive bronchodilatorresponses lead to the conclusion that, with age and disease, the ipratropium bromide showed an improvement in bronchomotricity, contrary to salbutamol. Such fact may be explained by the already, but not consensual, description of the decreasing efficacy of adrenergic drugs with age, aggravated by the chronic use of long acting betamimetics.
SCHIZOPHRENIC REACTION TIME RESPONSES TO VARIABLE PREPARATORY INTERVALS

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

1. No difference was observed in speed of reaction when a group of patients with schizophrenic illnesses was compared to a control group. 2. Previously reported differential responsiveness of patients and controls to variation in length of preparatory interval and regularity of stimulus presentation was not observed. The usefulness of such a technique for differentiating schizophrenics from normals is questioned. 3. Variability of speed of reaction tends to be significantly greater in the patient group. This result is consistent with previous findings. It is suggested that this represents an increase in the amplitude of fluctuations in readiness which are oscillatory in character.
Twentieth-Century Diplomacy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In contrast to most works of international history, which dwell on particular relationships, strategies, wars or crises, the questions in this book are about how diplomacy was actually conducted. The period 1963–76 saw significant changes in diplomatic practice globally. It was particularly a time of change for Britain as the country negotiated its declining world power and joined the European Community and economic problems forced spending cuts. Looking at the reform of the British Diplomatic Service and Foreign Office as well as the role of ambassadors, the use of 'special' envoys, summits and state visits, John Young sheds light on how diplomacy was organised in order to put into effect the country's foreign policy and on how diplomatic practice changed over time to make it more effective. Drawing comparisons with other countries, especially the United States, this study focuses on the means of diplomacy rather than the ends.
Sample Preparation Challenges In WLCSP Epoxy Underfill Coating Removal

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Most Wafer Level Chip Scale Package (WLCSP) units returned by customers for failure analysis are mounted on PCB modules with an epoxy underfill coating. The biggest challenge in failure analysis is the sample preparation to remove the WLCSP device from the PCB without inducing any mechanical defect. This includes the removal of the underfill material to enable further electrical verification and fault isolation analysis. This paper discusses the evaluations conducted in establishing the WLCSP demounting process and removal of the epoxy underfill coating. Combinations of different sample preparation techniques and physical failure analysis steps were evaluated. The established process enabled the electrical verification, fault isolation and further destructive analysis of WLCSP customer returns mounted on PCB and with an epoxy underfill coating material. This paper will also showcase some actual full failure analysis of WLCSP customer returns where the established process played a vital role in finding the failure mechanism.
Examination of preterm babies for ROP referred to an eye department from an urban and semi-urban neonatal intensive care unit: implications for practice.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: To study and analyse the factors affecting the proportion of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) distribution between the urban and semi-urban regions in North India. Methods: Retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study. All babies referred for ROP examination by paediatricians or other general ophthalmologists between 2013 – 2016 were included in the study. Demographic, clinical and treatment related findings were recorded. Results: Five hundred and fifty-eight (467: urban & 91: semi urban) babies were examined for ROP. The mean birth weight in the urban and semi-urban setting was 1348.6 ± 395.21 gm and 1703.77 ± 401.76 gm respectively. The mean gestational age was 30.99 ± 2.93 weeks and 30.73 ± 2.08 weeks in the urban and semi-urban cohorts respectively. The average time for first ophthalmic examination following birth was 23.82 ± 13.69 (range: 3-77) days in the urban and 101.16 ± 238.26 (range: 13- 330) days in the semi-urban setting. 94% of the babies completed all screening examination visits. Any ROP was identified in 11.6% and 33.0% of the urban and semi-urban cohorts respectively; Type 1 was detected in 7.5% of urban babies and 23.1% of semi-urban babies Conclusion: Differences in the proportion of babies developing any ROP and Type 1 ROP between the semi-urban and urban groups is likely due to selection bias, as a high proportion of semi-urban babies did not attend for examination or failed to complete all the examinations necessary. This was particularly true for females. More needs to be done to increase access to regular, systematic screening of preterm babies within neonatal units.
The Changing Environment of Early Intervention Services: Implications for Practice

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract A new plan for providing early intervention services for very young children and their families has been established with Part H of the Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments of 1986, Public Law 99-457. Each state is currently exploring how it can best develop one comprehensive system of care that combines health, education, social, and family services. Health practitioners have traditionally provided early intervention services in medical settings such as hospitals and local health departments since the early 1900s. Educators, prompted by federal legislation, have provided early intervention services in the public schools primarily since 1975. Occupational therapy practitioners work in both medical and educational settings and must now meet the numerous challenges and opportunities in developing comprehensive, family-centered, community-based care for very young children with special needs. This paper traces the historical development of early intervention services and discusses the major practice issues associated with implementing Part H of the Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments of 1986.
PSEUDOMONAS MENINGITIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa (Bacillus pyocyaneus) is commonly considered an organism of low pathogenicity. Although it lacks invasive properties and is usually a relatively avirulent contaminant of wounds, numerous reports of severe or fatal infections caused by this bacterium attest to its potential danger. Possible sources of infection with Pseudomonas have been syringes and needles,1penicillin solutions,2catheterization equipment, distilled water,3boric acid solution,4analgesics, a mercury manometer used in spinal puncture5and, in one case, a wash bottle used in performing a pneumoencephalogram.6The pathogenic importance of Ps. aeruginosa has increased recently as a result of the widespread use of antibiotics which suppress gram-positive organisms, thus producing unusually favorable conditions for growth of gram-negative bacteria. Meningitis caused by Ps. aeruginosa is often characterized by an indolent, chronic course. This type of meningitis may occur as a localized inflammation of the meninges, after lumbar puncture or trauma to the
Maintenance therapy with the TLR-9 agonist MGN1703 in the phase II IMPACT study of metastatic colorectal cancer patients: A subgroup with improved overall survival.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

680 Background: Patients with mCRC and disease control after induction with first-line chemotherapy +/- bevacizumab were included in the double-blind placebo-controlled phase II IMPACT trial, aiming to assess the clinical efficacy, safety, and immunological effects of the immunomodulator MGN1703, a potent TLR9 agonist, given at the dose of 60 mg subcutaneously twice weekly as switch maintenance after first line induction therapy in mCRC. Methods: The trial was prematurely closed after randomization of 59 patients. The final analysis showed a superior effect of MGN1703 compared to placebo with hazard ratios (HR) for the primary endpoint PFS on maintenance of 0.55 (p=0.041) and 0.56 (p=0.070) by local investigator assessment or independent radiological review, respectively. Exploratory PFS analyses of pretreatment characteristics identified patients with normalized CEA, objective response, and the presence of activated NKT cells at the end of induction chemotherapy to benefit the most from maintenance with MGN1703. We analysed the impact of these factors on the secondary endpoint overall survival (OS). Results: At time of final study analysis, OS data were not mature. Only 35% of MGN1703 patients had an event, as opposed to 50% of placebo patients. The HR for OS of whole study population was 0.63 (median 22.6 vs. 15.1 months, p=NS). The subgroup of patients randomized into the study with confirmed RECIST response had a HR of 0.40 (median 24.5 vs. 15.1 months, p=NS), suggesting this may be the population with greater benefit. HR for patients with normalized CEA or with activated NKT cells were 0.69 and 0.43, respectively. Based on this evidence, in the phase III IMPALA study patients with objective response after standard induction therapy are randomized to standard treatment or switch maintenance with MGN1703. CEA and activated NKT cells are stratification factors for the study and will be prospectively assessed. Conclusions: The pretreatment characteristics predictive of a PFS benefit in the IMPACT study seem to retain their value also in exploratory analyses for OS. This information has been used to design the phase III IMPALA study, currently recruiting patients. Clinical trial information: NCT01208194.
Maximizing the Effect of Information Adoption: A General Framework

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the development of social networking services, social influence analyses, as well as the influence maximization tasks, have attracted wide attention in both academia and industry. Traditional studies mainly focus on simulating process of influence spread. However, two basic functions of social spread, i.e., information propagation and information adoption have not been clearly distinguished. Usually, as information adoption could be even more significant for information publishers in application scenarios, more comprehensive analysis for effect of adoption is urgently required. To that end, in this paper, we propose a novel framework to generally describe social spread, in which information adoption process is separately formulated as random events. Along this line, when we apply this framework to the information adoption maximization task, with proving that the adoption maximization problem is NP-hard and submodular, we further design a polling-based algorithm to achieve an effective approximation. Extensive experiments on four real-world data sets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of proposed algorithms, which validates that our approach could better summarize the complete social spread process, and further support the necessity of distinguishing information adoption from information propagation.MSC codesSocial networkInfluence maximizationInformation AdoptionRandomized algorithm
Highly Conductive Silver Nanoparticle-Functionalized Aramid Fiber Paper for Electrical Heaters with Rapid Response and Chemical Stability

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Electrical heaters with rapid response, robust mechanical properties, and reliable chemical stability are highly desirable to meet the requirements for the development of high-performance heating systems that can be used in extreme conditions. Herein, highly conductive silver nanoparticle (AgNPs)-functionalized aramid fiber paper (AFP)-based electrical heaters were fabricated through an efficient plasma treatment and electroless plating method. The AFP/AgNPs show outstanding electrical conductivity with electrical resistance as low as 0.047 Ω/sq and maintain high electrical conductivity after 20 washing cycles and 1000 bending cycles. The AFP/AgNP-based electrical heater could reach a temperature of about 210 °C at a low voltage of 1 V with a rapid response time of 20 s. The electrical heater also exhibited sufficient heating reliability, stability, and repeatability in the long term (up to 10,000 s) and for 180 repeated heating and cooling cycles. Moreover, the electrical heaters maintain satisfactory heating performances even after being treated with acid/alkali solutions and various organic solvents. The overall performance of AFP/AgNP-based electrical heaters has been demonstrated in the application of water heating and ice melting, indicating their great potential for high-performance heating systems that can be used in various harsh conditions.
The Roles of the Teachers and Students in the Integrative Language Teaching Approach and Factors that Affect the Use of the Approach in Actual Classroom: Review Article

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

With the spread of English as a lingua franca and as the medium for world-wide broadcasting of information and knowledge, in many cases, the pragmatic objectives of language learning emphasize the importance of integrated language skill teaching and flexible instruction. In general, insight on current language curriculum, teaching reading is typically associated to instruction on writing and vocabulary, teaching writing can be easily tied to reading and grammar, and speaking skills readily lend the learners to teaching listening, pronunciation, and cross-cultural pragmatics. In connection to this, Shen, (2003) confirms that the implementation of language in communication, should closely integrates linguistic competence with communicative skills and communicative culture in the process of language skill teaching so that the learners' linguistic competence and their communicative skills can be improved simultaneously. These had to be interaction-centered and as authentic as possible to enable students to use the language skills for purposeful and effective communication. To achieve the envisioned objectives of the integrative language teaching approach, both students are expected to play different roles. Furthermore, the effective practices of the integrative language skills teaching in the classroom may be challenged by different factors. Hence, the factors should be identified and addressed to effectively use the integrative approach to language skills teaching. In connection to this, the main purposes of this review article was to describe the roles of the teachers and students in integrative language teaching approach and to present the factors that affect the practice of this approach. To achieve this objectives various, books, book chapters, guidelines, research findings and documents were critically reviewed and analyzed. Accordingly, this review article describes the roles of the teachers and students in integrative language skill teaching approach. In addition, it presents the major factors that affect the practices of the integrative language skills teaching approach. Keywords: Teachers, Students , Integrative, Language, Teaching Approach, Factors, Use , Actual Classroom DOI : 10.7176/RHSS/9-15-04 Publication date : August 31 st 2019
Multi-fidelity modelling via recursive co-kriging and Gaussian–Markov random fields

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We propose a new framework for design under uncertainty based on stochastic computer simulations and multi-level recursive co-kriging. The proposed methodology simultaneously takes into account multi-fidelity in models, such as direct numerical simulations versus empirical formulae, as well as multi-fidelity in the probability space (e.g. sparse grids versus tensor product multi-element probabilistic collocation). We are able to construct response surfaces of complex dynamical systems by blending multiple information sources via auto-regressive stochastic modelling. A computationally efficient machine learning framework is developed based on multi-level recursive co-kriging with sparse precision matrices of Gaussian–Markov random fields. The effectiveness of the new algorithms is demonstrated in numerical examples involving a prototype problem in risk-averse design, regression of random functions, as well as uncertainty quantification in fluid mechanics involving the evolution of a Burgers equation from a random initial state, and random laminar wakes behind circular cylinders.