jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Poverty alleviation and economic development: Insights from ensemble learning methods

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract

Poverty remains a persistent challenge that hinders sustainable development, particularly in emerging economies where traditional economic indicators often fail to capture its multidimensional nature. This study aims to advance poverty alleviation strategies by applying machine learning techniques within the framework of development economics. A comprehensive approach was adopted, combining supervised models (Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Neural Networks), unsupervised clustering for poverty typologies, and causal machine learning for intervention impact estimation. Results show that advanced models significantly outperform traditional methods, with Neural Networks achieving the highest accuracy (90%) and robust generalizability across cross-validation folds. Unsupervised clustering revealed hidden dimensions of poverty, while fairness checks confirmed the absence of bias across sensitive groups. The contribution of this study lies in its integrated framework that balances predictive accuracy, fairness, and policy relevance, offering actionable insights for governments and development practitioners to design more effective and equitable poverty reduction programs.
Human B cell immune response to selected epitopes of the polymorphic epithelial mucin (PEM) in cancer patients.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Human antibodies were generated by Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) immortalization of B cells derived from tumor draining lymph nodes of cancer patients. Antibodies were screened for reactivity in ELISA against a synthetic peptide corresponding to the protein core of the Polymorphic Epithelial Mucin (PEM). Epitopes within this region are in fact considered to be tumor specific since they are selectively exposed on tumor cells due to aberrant glycosylation. Human antibodies thus selected react in ELISA and immunohistochemistry with PEM-expressing tumor cells. This is the first demonstration of the existence of B cell immune response against selected epitopes of PEM and, in association with the cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response already demonstrated, represents the basis for the use of synthetic peptides as vaccines in cancer patients.
MEMS/MOEMS for lightwave networks: Can little machines make it big?

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Silicon micromechanics in an emerging field which is beginning to impact almost every area of science and technology. In areas as diverse as the chemical, automotive, aeronautical, cellular and optical communication industries, Silicon micromachines are becoming the solution of choice for many problems. In this paper we will describe what they are, how they are built, and show how they have the potential to revolutionize lightwave systems. Devices such as optical switches, variable attenuators, active equalizers, add/drop multiplexers, optical crossconnects, gain tilt equalizers, data transmitters and many others are beginning to find ubiquitous application in advanced lightwave systems. We will show examples of these devices and describe some of the challenges in attacking the billions of dollars in addressable markets for this technology.
IoT and Deep Learning for Livestock Management

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Livestock management is a critical issue for the farming industry as proper management including their health and well-being directly impacts the production. It is difficult for a farmer or shed owner to monitor big herds of cattle manually. This chapter proposes a layered framework that utilizes the power of internet of things (IoT) and deep learning (DL) to real-time livestock monitoring supporting the effective management of cattle. The framework consists of sensor layer where sensor-rich devices or gadgets are used to collect various contextual data related to livestock, data processing layer which deals with various outlier rejections and processing of the data followed by DL approaches to analyze the collected contextual data in detecting sick and on heat animals, and finally, insightful information is sent to shed owner for necessary action. An experimental study conducted is helpful to make wise decisions to increase production cost-effectively. The chapter concludes with the different future aspects that may be further explored by the researchers.
Supercritical fluid chromatography and extraction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSupercritical fluid chromatography and extractionT. L. Chester, J. D. Pinkston, and D. E. RaynieCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 12, 153–170Publication Date (Print):June 15, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00036a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00036a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views308Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Microbiota transplantation in portal hypertension: promises and pitfalls

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract In this commentary, we discuss new findings indicating that microbiota transplantation has favorable impact on portal hypertension (PH) in the experimental model of cirrhosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) (Huang et al.; Clin Sci (Lond) (2021) 135(24): 2709–2728, doi: 10.1042/CS20210602). Sinusoidal PH is an ominous outcome of advanced chronic liver disease, characterized by increased intrahepatic vascular resistance (IHVR), splanchnic hyperemia, and the development of portosystemic collaterals. In the work of Huang et al., microbiota transplantation not only alleviated splanchnic hyperdynamic circulation by improving vascular responsiveness and decreasing mesenteric angiogenesis, but also reduced blood flow in portosystemic collaterals. Surprisingly, however, microbiota transplantation had no effect on intrahepatic vasoconstriction in this experimental model. We discuss these observations in the context of recent literature showing that manipulation of the gut microbiota (either by transplantation or through the use of probiotics) may improve IHVR, which is one of the earliest abnormalities in the pathogenesis of sinusoidal PH. Further research is needed to explore the specific molecular and cellular targets associated with the correction of dysbiosis in liver disease.
RESEARCH Open Access Guidelines for randomized clinical trial protocol content: a systematic review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: All randomized clinical trials (RCTs) require a protocol; however, numerous studies have highlighted protocol deficiencies. Reporting guidelines may improve the content of research reports and, if developed using robust methods, may increase the utility of reports to stakeholders. The objective of this study was to systematically identify and review RCT protocol guidelines, to assess their characteristics and methods of development, and to compare recommendations. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of indexed literature (MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Methodology Register from inception to September 2010; reference lists; related article features; forward citation searching) and a targeted search of supplementary sources, including a survey of major trial funding agencies in six countries. Records were eligible if they described a content guideline in English or French relevant to RCT protocols. Guidelines were excluded if they specified content for protocols for trials of specific procedures or conditions or were intended to assess trial quality. We extracted guideline characteristics and methods. Content was mapped for a subset of guidelines that described development methods or had institutional endorsement. Results: Forty guidelines published in journals, books and institutional reports were included in the review; seven were specific to RCT protocols. Only eight (20%) described development methods which included informal consensus methods, pilot testing and formal validation; no guideline described all of these methods. No guideline
分叉病变介入治疗中应用Jailed Balloon Technique与Jailed Wire Technique疗效对比

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

目的：观察冠状动脉分叉病变（陈氏分型Ia）中拟行主支支架，分支必要时行支架置入术的患者中，应用Jailed Balloon Technique行经皮冠脉介入治疗（PCI）与传统的Jailed Wire Technique相比的安全性及有效性。方法选择2012年2月至2013年12月邢台市第三医院心内三科冠状动脉分叉病变类型属于陈氏分型Ⅰa型（除外左主干分叉病变）患者共108例，男性58例，女性50例，年龄45~70岁。所有患者均需主支置入支架，同时因边支闭塞风险高，需进行分支保护，必要时行分支支架置入术。随机分为两组：试验组（58例）应用Jailed Balloon Technique行PCI治疗；对照组（50例）应用Jailed Wire Technique行PCI治疗。在主支支架置入后，比较两组间边支夹层、闭塞的发生率、术中和术后主支以及分支TIMI3级比例、手术总时间、置入支架个数等。结果两组术中和术后主支TIMI3级比例、置入支架个数、术后6个月支架内再狭窄比例比较，差异无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。与对照组比较，试验组术中和术后边支TIMI3级比例升高，球囊对吻比例、术中以及术后边支严重撕裂、夹层、狭窄严重或闭塞比例、置入边支支架比例、术后6个月边支狭窄加重及闭塞比例下降，平均手术时间减少，差异有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）。结论在冠状动脉分叉病变介入治疗中应用Jailed Balloon Technique保护分支，可改善患者血流，减少分支闭塞、夹层等发生，安全有效。
Nucleic Acid Aptamers as a Potential Nucleus Targeted Drug Delivery System

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Nucleus targeted drug delivery provides several opportunities for the treatment of fatal diseases such as cancer. However, the complex nucleocytoplasmic barriers pose significant challenges for delivering a drug directly and efficiently into the nucleus. Aptamers representing singlestranded DNA and RNA qualify as next-generation highly advanced and personalized medicinal agents that successfully inhibit the expression of certain proteins; possess extraordinary gene-expression for manoeuvring the diseased cell's fate with negligible toxicity. In addition, the precisely directed aptamers to the site of action present a tremendous potential to reach the nucleus by escaping the ensuing barriers to exhibit a better drug activity and gene expression. Objective: This review epigrammatically highlights the significance of targeted drug delivery and presents a comprehensive description of the principal barriers faced by the nucleus targeted drug delivery paradigm and ensuing complexities thereof. Eventually, the progress of nucleus targeting with nucleic acid aptamers and success achieved so far have also been reviewed. Method: Systematic literature search was conducted of research published to date in the field of nucleic acid aptamers. Conclusion: The review specifically points out the contribution of individual aptamers as the nucleustargeting agent rather than aptamers in conjugated form.
On effects of variation of polarizing temperature and additive content on space charge formation and electric field distribution in plain LDPE and LDPE doped with BaTiO/sub 3/ additive: evidence from measurements using the thermal step method

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A thermal step method was used to investigate the effects of polarizing temperature and additive content on space charge formation and electric field distribution in relatively thick samples (/spl sim/2 mm) of plain low density polyethylene (LDPE) and LDPE doped with 5 wt% barium titanate (BaTiO/sub 3/). Space charge was formed using dc field of about 26 kV/mm at two different polarizing temperatures: 25/spl deg/C and 50/spl deg/C. Results indicate that for plain LDPE the remanent space charge density and electric field increase with increasing the polarizing temperature from 25/spl deg/C to 50/spl deg/ C. The addition of 5 wt% BaTiO/sub 3/ to plain LDPE appears to have remarkably reduced the amounts of the remanent space charge and electric field and changed their distribution patterns when compared with the corresponding values for the plain material. The maximum values of the remanent electric field reached in plain LDPE and doped LDPE are about 85% and 15% of the external applied field respectively. Moreover, the distribution patterns of the remanent space charge and electric field for the doped material appear to be more sensitive to variations of polarizing temperature than those for the plain material. Whereas in plain LDPE, the observed distribution patterns of the remanent space charge exhibit a homocharge at the cathode and a heterocharge at the anode for both polarizing temperatures, for the doped material, the rise of the polarizing temperature from 25/spl deg/C to 50/spl deg/C appears to have a considerable effect on the distribution pattern of the remanent space charge in this case: at 25/spl deg/C, the remanent space charge distribution exhibits a heterocharge at the anode and homocharge at the cathode while at 50/spl deg/C the remanent space charge distribution pattern is reversed showing a homocharge at the anode and a heterocharge at the cathode.
Sound Tribe Sector 9 Live at Asheville Music Zone on 2001-09-18

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Disc 1: Set 1 01 Good For Everyday 02 Movement 03 Tap-In 04 Grow Disc 2: Set 2 01 Ramone & Emiglio* 02 Favorite Melody Disc 3: Set 2 cont'd 01 We'll Meet in Our Dreams 02 Orbital 03 12 04 Baraka (no prayer)
Associations between Possession of ≥20 Teeth and Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Community-Dwelling Elderly Japanese Population: A 1-Year Prospective Cohort Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

目的：地域高齢者を対象に，20歯以上の保有と1年間での軽度認知機能障害（Mild Cognitive Impairment: MCI）発現との関連を検討した．方法：70歳以上の地域高齢者に対して心身の総合機能評価を2年にわたり実施し，1年目のベースライン調査時にMCIを認めず，かつ2年目の追跡調査が可能であった557名（女性310名）を分析対象とした．認知機能の評価にはMini-Mental State Examination（MMSE）を用い，スコアが26点以上を正常，25点以下をMCIとした．現在歯数については歯冠を残す20本以上の歯の有無について調査した．MCI発現との関連が疑われるその他の項目として，年齢，Body Mass Index，脳卒中既往，心疾患既往，高血圧，糖尿病，喫煙，飲酒，抑うつ傾向，学歴，配偶者の有無，ソーシャルサポートの状態，身体活動度，主観的健康感について調査した．結果：多重ロジスティック回帰分析を用いてベースライン調査から1年後のMCI発現の規定因子を検索した結果，男性において20歯以上の保有が，他の因子と独立して認知機能低下発現に対し有意なオッズ比の低値（オッズ比：0.19，95%信頼区間：0.04-0.82）を示した．結論：現在歯を20歯以上保有することは，咀嚼機能の維持のみならず，高齢期における認知機能の維持においても優位性を持つ可能性が示唆された．
An investigation of the stability of copper germanide thin films in the presence of Si and SiO2

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Copper germanide (Cu3Ge) has received interest in recent years as a potential metallization for VLSI applications due to its exceptionally low room temperature resistivity. We have investigated the thermal stability of Cu3Ge thin films on both silicon and thermally oxidized silicon wafers. Films were deposited by electron beam evaporation of sequential layers of Ge and Cu and exposed to an annealing schedule ranging from 100°C to 450°C. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analysis has revealed an interaction of the film with the silicon substrate. At temperatures as low as 200°C, diffusion of silicon into the copper germanide film was observed with the concentration and depth of penetration scaling with increased annealing temperature. Results on controlling this interaction will also be presented and correlation is made with resistivity measurements.
Discursive Opportunities and Collective Action at Law-Abiding Firms

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Chapter 7 argues that law-abiding firms’ concerns for reputation generate discursive resources, which contribute to workers’ expectations of success. Unlike collective action for legal rights, interest-based protests rarely use disruptive tactics that physically expand the scope of conflict. Instead, workers use publicity tactics to attract the attention of third-party allies who exercise direct influence over the target firm’s policies. The main channel examined in this chapter is media exposure. It shows that workers at law-abiding firms have more discursive resources due to their firms newsworthiness and thus are more prone to expect that their protests would succeed. This shows that even in the more favorable environment for atomized protests, not all workers have the resources to engage in collective action. By limiting social mobilization, the regime has been able to manage the frequency and nature of atomized protests. At the same time, workers with the resources to engage in atomized protests are much less likely to hold the central government responsible for the situation they are in.
Frequency of somatic mutations in solid tumor malignancies from inner city minorities: A single center study.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e15149 Background: The treatment landscape for solid tumor malignancies continues to change with identification of predictive biomarker targets by next generation sequencing (NGS). However, data from individuals from racial and ethnic minorities are often underrepresented. To bridge this gap, we examined the frequency of actionable biomarker findings with a treatment target outlined in NCCN guidelines in our inner city minority population at John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County. Methods: We examined patients who had FoundationOne CDx or FoundationOne Liquid CDx reports for our adult patients with a solid tumor malignancy between July 2021 through December 2022. We categorized patients as having an actionable biomarker finding if there was a finding reported with a treatment target with indication in a patient’s tumor type as outlined in NCCN guidelines. Statistics were done using t-test, z-test, and chi square tests. Results: A total of 313 patients had a FoundationOne CDx or FoundationOne Liquid CDx report for a solid tumor malignancy. Median age for the population was 64.6 years (range 20-89 years). The majority of patients were African American (50%), followed by Hispanic (31%), Caucasian (13%) and Asian (6%). There were 149 patients (47.6%) that had an actionable biomarker target in their tumor type. Among the 50 total lung adenocarcinoma patients, 20 (40%) had a driver mutation, with 12 (60%) being African American. In 43 colorectal tumors were tested, 16 (37.2%) were KRAS WT, with 6 being African American, 6 Hispanic, and 4 white. Among 27 prostate cancer samples tested, 7 (25.9%) harbored a homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene mutation. Of the patients without an actionable biomarker in their tumor type, 47 patients (15%) had an actionable biomarker finding approved in another tumor type. Of the patients with biomarker targets in another tumor type, mutations in PIK3CA and HRR genes were among the most frequent findings. There were no statistically significant differences in frequency of actionable biomarkers in patient tumor type between gender (P = 0.31) or race (P = 0.63). Conclusions: Our findings showed that nearly half of our patients had a targetable somatic mutation in their tumor type. Even in patients without an actionable biomarker in their specific cancer, those patients may harbor a biomarker finding with an approved target in another cancer. While sample sizes were small to investigate mutational profiles for specific tumor types, future analysis with more samples will allow for better characterization. These findings support increasing NGS testing to better characterize the tumor mutational profiles for our racially underrepresented population, as well as for identifying potential biomarkers for future studies in other tumor types.
Re‐examining the impact of financial development on the economic growth of North Cyprus through the moderating role of the education sector

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study examines the impact of financial development on economic growth with the multiplier effect of the higher education by employing yearly data covering the years between 1990 and 2018 measured in TL. The results reached could shape the policies in achieving sustainable economic growth. Co‐integration between the series are tested with ARDL based bounds test; since Zivot‐Andrews structural unit root test results showed that variables are integrated at different orders. Furthermore, FMOLS and DOLS are applied to check for robustness. Moreover, Toda‐Yamamoto Causality test is employed to test for the causal relationship between the series. Results show that there is a bidirectional causal relationship between financial depth and economic growth; and unidirectional causal relationships from money supply to financial depth, from economic growth and financial depth to education sector. Diagnostic and stability tests results confirm the reliability and stability of the parameters of the model employed.
Detailed Quantum Mechanical Studies on Three Bioactive Benzimidazole Derivatives and Their Raman Enhancement on Adsorption over Graphene Sheets

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Benzimidazole derivatives flubendazole (FD1) and similar derivatives, mebendazole (MD2) and ricobendazole (RD3) have been studied by using various computational tools to analyze their geometry and spectral characteristics. The various reactive descriptors obtained from the FMO analysis predict the reactive nature of the compound. The various lone pair/sigma to pi conjugation was analyzed using NBO formalism, which provides valuable information about intra-molecular electron transfer which is vital in predicting the inherent stability of the molecule. Nucleophilic and electrophilic regions of the molecules are identified using MESP, which adds to the reactivity information. The compounds were found to interact with graphene monolayer results show that there is enhancement in various physicochemical descriptors and surface-enhanced Raman spectra (SERS). Prediction of Activity Spectra provide activities, glutathione peroxidase inhibitor, general pump inhibitor, membrane permeability inhibitor for FD1, glutathione peroxidase inhibitor, antihelmintic, antiparasitic for MD2 and antihelmintic, antiparasitic, catalase inhibitor for RD3. Compounds form a stable complex on docking with the receptors. Results also indicate that the ligands adsorbed over graphene also form stable complexes with the receptors as indicated by the high binding affinity energy values.
Localization-based visual tracking with convolutional neural networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a novel framework for the visual tracking problem. This framework predicts the exact location of the object using a regression. In this work, we first select an approximate region based on object location in the previous frame and then predict the exact location of the object in the current frame by a deep convolutional network that its last layer replaced with a regression. The entire network gets updated due to the occurrence of various challenges during the video. We evaluate our work using 8 challenging benchmark video sequences and shows a significant improvement over state-of-the-art approaches.