jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Research on Spatial Structure of Aviation Logistics Network in Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai Based on SNA

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In order to improve the spatial structure of regional air logistics networks, the social network analysis (SNA) method is used to construct a quantitative analysis model for spatial structure of multi-value network based on relational data. Using the core-periphery analysis, cohesive subgroup analysis, Bert structural holes analysis, and topological analysis, five quantitative indicators including coreness, constraint, hierarchy, redundancy, and edge correlation is selected to describe the spatial structure characteristics of air logistics network in Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai area. According to the results, the existing layout takes Shanghai airports as the international hub of air logistics for this area, and uses Hangzhou and Nanjing as the regional distribution centers at both edges of this area. Finally, based on the existing logistics resources, the improvement proposal is put forward that Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Nanjing should be used as the first-level core circle in the regional network and Ningbo, Wuxi, and Wenzhou as the secondary core circle.
Incorporating biology into discrete event simulation models of organ allocation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We describe a discrete event simulation model of the national liver allocation system. This model differs from previous modeling efforts in that it considers the natural history of the disease independently of any particular patient priority scheme, thus allowing an unbiased appraisal of various allocation schemes. We provide the basic structure of the model, which consists of patient and organ generators, a survival module, and a disease progression module. The model provides various outputs such as patient survival, financial cost, and the number of wasted organs. We describe our model of patient survival with and without a transplant. We discuss some difficulties estimating model parameters due to a lack of appropriate medical data, and how these difficulties were overcome. We close with conclusions and directions for further research.
Partial evaluation and automatic program generation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Functions, types and expressions programming languages and their operational semantics compilation partial evaluation of a flow chart languages partial evaluation of a first-order functional languages the view from Olympus partial evaluation of the Lambda calculus partial evaluation of prolog aspects of Similix - a partial evaluator for a subset of scheme partial evaluation of C applications of partial evaluation termination of partial evaluation program analysis more general program transformation guide to the literature the self-applicable scheme specializer.
The longitudinal study of sufficiency economy philosophy reporting of listed companies in the Stock Exchange of Thailand

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent and pattern of the sufficiency economy philosophy (SEP) reporting of listed companies from the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) between 2012 and 2016, and to compare the SEP scores of reporting in the companies’ corporate annual reports during the period studied and between four groups of interest, based on ownership status, country of origin of company, type of auditor and type of industry. Design/methodology/approach Listed companies of the SET were used as the population, whereas a sample of 70 firms was investigated in the study. Content analysis by checklist was used to quantify the extent and pattern of SEP reporting in annual reports. Findings The results showed that the average score for SEP reporting was 44.28 out of a possible 64 categories of reporting included in the checklist. Moreover, there was a significant increase in the SEP reporting score during the period studied. The results also indicated that there was a significant difference in the SEP reporting scores between groups, based on country of origin, auditor type and industry type. Originality/value As the first longitudinal study of SEP reporting in Thailand, the study demonstrated the effective rule of SET to Thai listed companies providing higher voluntary information reporting during period being study.
Culicoides dicrourus Wirth & Blanton 1955

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Culicoides dicrourus Wirth & Blanton, 1955b (Fig. 58) PANAMA, Almirante, 3-dec-1952, light trap, Blanton F.S., female, male slide mounted [CAIM /Crt/lam-00595– 00596]. MEXICO, Tabasco, Cunduacan, Huimango (second section), site 1, 9-oct-2019, CDC trap, GPS: 18° 08´34.8´´N, 93° 08´66.4´´ WO, 2 females slide mounted (CAIM).
Environmental perceptions of global business travel by Swiss companies in the Zurich airport region

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Background: This article presents findings from research conducted before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on companies located in the Zurich airport region of Switzerland, regarding the needs for global business travel and its impacts. Methods: The study involved a mixed methods approach. Five hypotheses were tested using inferential statistics on data obtained from pre-tested closed questions in a web-based survey. Deeper context was explored through an interview-based case-study conducted at a Swiss pharma company. Results: Supporting alternative hypothesis 3 (Ha(3)), a significant positive relationship was found between travel frequency and business growth, F(1, 100) = 11.31, p = 0.0011. Supporting Ha(4), corporate culture had a significant positive relationship with business travel frequency (F(1, 100) = 15.50, p = 0.0002) and average trip length (F(1, 100) = 6.39, p = 0.01). And thirdly supporting Ha(5), corporate social responsibility had a significant relationship with global business travel (91%). Ho(2) and Ho(3) were accepted. The case study found that smart corporate travel policies and regulations should be instantiated to enhance our environment, which would also benefit employee wellbeing. Travel can be reduced significantly despite being demonstrated that physical co-presence is important for building trust. The case study suggests tools to support the monitoring and management of global business travel by organizations. Conclusions: COVID-19 has impacted travel for business significantly, and future research will be necessary to assess its impact. The article explores the ongoing research in this area, and several relevant implications are proposed for future leaders. The case study found willingness to pay both corporate and individual green taxes, and a deficiency in corporate communication around the environment. Business travel is needed to build trust; however, it can be reduced.
Equivalences of Inconsistency and Henkin Models

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This article is part of a series of Mizar articles which constitute a formal proof (of a basic version) of Kurt Godel’s famous completeness theorem (K. Godel, “Die Vollstandigkeit der Axiome des logischen Funktionenkalkuls”, Monatshefte fur Mathematik und Physik 37 (1930), 349–360). The completeness theorem provides the theoretical basis for a uniform formalization of mathematics as in the Mizar project. We formalize first-order logic up to the completeness theorem as in H. D. Ebbinghaus, J. Flum, and W. Thomas, Mathematical Logic, 1984, Springer Verlag, New York Inc. The present article establishes some equivalences of inconsistency. It is proved that a countable union of consistent sets is consistent. Then the concept of a Henkin model is introduced. The contents of this article correspond to Chapter IV, par. 7 and Chapter V, par. 1 of Ebbinghaus, Flum, Thomas.
GEL-A computer tool for DNA sequencing projects

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The GEL program for entry and analysis of DNA sequencing information is discussed, and examples of interaction with the program are presented. The current version of the program represents the last of several revisions to the first GEL program, reported previously in this journal (1). Improvements and additions have been made, making the current GEL a particularly useful laboratory tool for molecular biologists engaged in DNA sequencing projects.
Study of the Structure−Properties Relationship of Phenolic Molecular Glass Resists for Next Generation Photolithography

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we report the synthesis and characterization of a family of phenolic molecular glasses with variable size and branch architecture. This research is aimed at providing an improved understanding of the relationship between the structural variations of these phenolic photoresist materials and their thermal properties. In particular, the effects of the molecular weight, intermolecular hydrogen bonding, and structural effects on the glass transition temperature are studied in detail to gain a better understanding of their glass forming behavior. A fundamental understanding of such behavior is invaluable to the development of potential molecular photoresists for next generation lithography. Finally, these compounds are evaluated as positive-tone photoresists for lithographic applications for extreme UV (λ = 13.4 nm) lithography.
Influence of Incorporated Wild Solanum Genomes on Potato Properties in Terms of Starch Nanostructure and Glycoalkaloid Content

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Interspecific somatic hybrids produced by protoplast fusion between two wild Solanum species (S. acaule, acl; S. brevidens, brd) and cultivated potato Solanum tuberosum (tbr) were analyzed in terms of the starch nanometer-range structure and glycoalkaloid (GA) contents. The crystallinity of starch granules, the average size of starch crystallites, and the lamellar distances were obtained from tuber samples using wide-angle and small-angle X-ray scattering methods. These measurements showed that incorporation of wild genomes from either nontuberous (brd) or tuberous (acl) Solanum species caused no significant modifications of the nanostructure of potato starch. In contrast, the GA profiles of the hybrids, which were analyzed by LC-ESI-MS in both tuber and foliage samples, differed considerably from those of cultivated potato. Regardless of the low total tuber GA concentrations (approximately 9 mg/100 g of fresh weight), the somatic hybrids contained GAs not detected in the parental species. A high proportion of spirotype GAs consisting of 5,6-dihydrogenated aglycons, for example, alpha-tomatine and tomatidine bound with solatriose, and chacotriose were found in the hybrids. In conclusion, the foliage of interspecific hybrids contained a higher variation in the structures of GAs than did the tubers.
Evaluation of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET-MRI in Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer Receiving 177Lu-PSMA-617 Therapy: A Radiomics Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

177Lutetium PSMA-617 (Lu-PSMA) therapy in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) has gained visibility through the ongoing phase III trial. The data on prediction of therapy outcome and survival out of pretherapeutic imaging parameters is still sparse. In this study, the predictive and prognostic value of radiomic features from 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET-MRI are analyzed. In total, 21 patients with mCRPC underwent 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET-MRI before Lu-PSMA therapy. The PET-positive tumor volume was defined and transferred to whole-body T2-, T1- and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI-sequences. The radiomic features from PET and MRI sequences were extracted by using a freely available software package. For selecting features that allow differentiation of biochemical response (PSA decrease > 50%), a stepwise dimension reduction was performed. Logistic regression models were fitted, and selected features were tested for their prognostic value (overall survival) in all patients. Eight patients achieved biochemical response after Lu-PSMA therapy. Ten independent radiomic features differentiated well between responders and non-responders. The logistic regression model, including the feature interquartile range from T2-weighted images, revealed the highest accuracy (AUC = 0.83) for the prediction of biochemical response after Lu-PSMA therapy. Within the final model, patients with a biochemical response (p = 0.003) and higher T2 interquartile range values in pre-therapeutic imaging (p = 0.038) survived significantly longer. This proof-of-concept study provides first evidence on a potential predictive and prognostic value of radiomic analysis of pretherapeutic 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET-MRI before Lu-PSMA therapy.
Frequency of cognitive impairment in patients with parkinson's disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction More than its motor symptoms, cognitive impairment is being increasingly identified as a cause of worse functional outcome, morbidity and mortality, and caregiver dependence in Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study was to identify the frequency of cognitive decline and evaluate the factors associated with it. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 124 PD patients fulfilling the United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank Clinical Diagnostic Criteria were included. Motor and non-motor symptoms were recorded. Disease duration, age at the time of onset, and severity of disease on Hoehn and Yahr Scale (HY scale) were recorded. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSSs v. 22.0. Results The ratio of men to women was 7.2:1. The mean age of the participants was 64 ± 10 years (range: 38-82 years). Rigidity (n = 121; 97.5%), bradykinesia (n = 119; 95.9%), and tremor (n = 11; 90.3%) were the three most common symptoms. Cognitive impairment was present in 45 (36.3%) patients. Cognitive decline was more frequent in patients of age less than 50 years at the time of disease onset (p < 0.00001) and in those with disease duration more than 10 years (p = 0.00001). Patients with longer disease duration had more severe disease (stage III or above on HY scale; p = 0.008). Conclusion Motor symptoms such as rigidity, bradykinesia, and tremor remain the most frequent clinical presentation among Pakistani Parkinson's patients. One-third of these patients have cognitive dysfunction. Early age at the time of disease onset and longer duration of disease were associated with cognitive impairment
Prion Diseases

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Prion diseases are transmissible fatal neurodegenerative disorders resulting from the accumulation of misfolded prion protein. Although primarily sporadic diseases, 5% to 10% result from a mutation of the prion protein gene (PRNP), and less than 1% occur from exposure to prions. The current family of prion diseases includes Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease (GSS), fatal insomnia (FI), variant CJD (vCJD), and variably protease-sensitive prionopathy (VPSPr). Kuru is a disease of historical interest that was transmitted through cannibalistic rituals. Iatrogenic CJD (iCJD) is the result of secondary transmission of prion disease from contaminated biologicals.
Epidermal growth factor deficiency predisposes to progressive renal disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is produced in the kidney by thick ascending limbs of the loop of Henle and by distal convoluted tubules (DCTs). Reduced urinary EGF levels have been associated with chronic kidney disease but it is not known whether physiological levels of EGF protect the kidney from progressive renal disease. Here, we show that EGF‐deficient mice on a mixed genetic background had increased urinary microalbumin, and a subset of these mice developed severe progressive renal disease with azotemia that was not seen in WT or TGFα‐deficient littermates with this mixed genetic background. These azotemic EGF‐deficient mice developed crescentic glomerulonephritis linked to HB‐EGF/EGFR hyperactivation in glomeruli, as well as attenuation of the proximal tubule brush border, distal convoluted tubule (DCT) dilatation, and kidney fibrosis associated with renal β‐catenin/mTOR hyperactivation. The observation of these severe renal pathologies only in a subset of EGF‐deficient mice suggests that independent segregation of strain‐specific modifier alleles contributes to the severity of the renal abnormalities that only manifest when EGF is lacking. These findings link the lack of EGF to renal pathologies in the adult mammalian kidney, in support of a role of physiological levels of EGF for maintaining the function of glomeruli, proximal tubules, and DCTs. These observations suggest that diminished EGF levels predispose kidneys to progressive renal disease.
A hybrid approach for standardized Dictionary-based knowledge extraction for Arabic morpho-semantic retrieval

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We propose in this paper to exploit Arabic dictionaries to enhance Arabic Information Retrieval (IR). We use standardized LMF dictionaries. We first put forward to mine such dictionaries and to represent them into graph-based representation. This graph will also be mined with a hybrid approach that combines both linguistic and statistical techniques to extract useful knowledge for IR. We study how extracted knowledge from such resource and added to the initial queries can attentively affect the retrieval process and results. Several query expansion strategies are carried based on morphological, semantic and morpho-semantic queries terms relations.
LHD 10p5U-AD01-07-NF #185877.4

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The plasma monitor cameras are installed in 6-T, 6-O and 10-O ports for monitoring LHD plasmas. Five cameras are set in 3-O port for observing the lower divertor structure near 2.5-L port and the plasma-wall interactions on the divertor plates.
Molecular fluorescent probes for biological detection of hydrogen sulfide

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This thesis is directed towards the development of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) probes, which includes their synthesis, an in-depth study on their fluorescence properties and potential applications. Both probe 37 and near infra-red (NIR) probe 39 were selective towards H2S in the presence of other biologically relevant species but these probes could not differentiate between thiols and hydrogen sulfide. In addition, probe 37 was used to determine the H2S generation rate of GYY4137, a H2S donor of great medical importance.
The Islamic Funerary Inscriptions of Bahrain, Pre-1317 AH/1900 AD

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In, The Islamic Funerary Inscriptions of Bahrain, an illustrated catalogue of 150 gravestones with modern Arabic transcription and English translation is provided with discussion of gravestone chronology, types, manufacture, decoration, iconography, inscription content, archaeological context, history of research, and contemporary significance and conservation issues. Readership: All interested in Islamic art and epigraphy, and the archaeology and history of Bahrain and the Arabian Gulf
Chemical constituents of the seedlings of Aronia melanocarpa Elliot

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Objective To study the chemical constituents of the 90% ethanol extract of the seedlings of Aronia melanocarpa Elliot.Methods The constituents were isolated by many kinds of chromatography methods and identified by physico-chemical characters and spectroscopic analysis.Results Six compounds were isolated and identified as:(-)-epicatechin(Ⅰ),prunasin(Ⅱ),arbutin(Ⅲ),1,4-dihydroxy-2,6-dimethoxyp-henyl-4O-β-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅳ),n-butyl-α-D-fructofuranoside(Ⅴ),n-butyl-β-D-fructofuranoside(Ⅵ).Conclusions Compounds Ⅱ-Ⅵ are isolated from this genus for the first time.
The Creation of Industry Front Groups: The Tobacco Industry and “Get Government Off Our Back”

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

We investigated how industries use front groups to combat public health measures by analyzing tobacco industry documents, contemporaneous media reports, journal articles, and press releases regarding “Get Government Off Our Back,” a coalition created by the tobacco industry. RJ Reynolds created Get Government Off Our Back in 1994 to fight federal regulation of tobacco. By keeping its involvement secret, RJ Reynolds was able to draw public and legislative support and to avoid the tobacco industry reputation for misrepresenting evidence. The tobacco industry is not unique in its creation of such groups. Research on organizational background and funding could identify other industry front groups. Those who seek to establish measures to protect public health should be prepared to counter the argument that government should not regulate private behavior.
A Mutational Alteration of the Tryptophan Synthetase of Escherichia coli

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY: A tryptophan auxotroph of Escherichia coli produced an altered tryptophan synthetase which could not convert indole to tryptophan but converted indole-3-glycerol phosphate to indole. As distinct from the normal tryptophan synthetase, which also catalysed this reaction, both pyridoxal phosphate and serine stimulated the activity of the mutant enzyme system. Fractionation and chromatography of the mutant tryptophan synthetase separated it into its two protein components, A and B. Examinations of the separated components showed that the A protein was normal, while the B protein was altered. Studies of the effect of serine on the pH-activity response of mutant preparations in the indole-3-glycerol phosphate → indole reaction demonstrated that different pH-activity responses were obtained, respectively, in the presence and absence of serine. The curves obtained were characteristic of the serine-requiring and serine-non-requiring reactions, respectively, of normal tryptophan synthetase. The saturation curves of the mutant component B by normal component A, with and without serine added, suggest that one role of serine and pyridoxal phosphate in the stimulation of the indole-3-glycerol phosphate → indole reaction is to bind together the A and B proteins in a catalytically effective complex.
Seismic refraction and resistivity soundings as indicators of intricate properties of glacial deposits in North Germany

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Several compressional and shear wave seismic refraction profiles together with, some full schlumberger array electrical resistivity soundings were conducted on glacial deposits in an area in the Northern part of Germany with the purpose of defining the petrophysical and mechanical properties and the structural setting of the subsurface layering.
Progress in Sample Preparation and Analysis of Monoamine Neurotransmitters

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Biogenic monoamine is known as an important series of neurotransmitters.They are involved in a variety of biological activities,such as mental activity,stress and emotion controlling, learning,physical movement,etc.The determination of monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites is significant for the diagnosis and control of many diseases,drug development and the neurological fundamental research.However,trace-level of basal monoamine and complex matrix of biological sample make their efficient separation and accuracy quantification extremely difficult.In this paper,the methods for the sample preparation of monoamine neurotransmitters in biological sample were reviewed,and the new progress in analysis of monoamine neurotransmitters was introduced.The future trends of monoamine neurotransmitters analysis was also prospected.