jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Hantavirus Infection in Anajatuba, Maranhão, Brazil

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In 2000, the first outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome was recognized in the Brazilian Amazon (Maranhao State). An epidemiologic study identified a 13.3% prevalence of hantavirus-specific immunoglobulin G. The analysis of risk factors suggests that persons are occupationally exposed to infected rodents in the crop fields.
Fossil Curtonotidae (Diptera: Schizophora: Ephydroidea)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Curtonotidae are a small, mostly tropical family of acalyptrate flies in the Ephydroidea, a superfamily that also includes the Drosophilidae. Two species of Curtonotidae are described from Miocene amber of the Dominican Republic, 17–20 Ma: Curtonotum †electrodominicum Grimaldi and Kirk-Spriggs, sp. n., and Depressonotum †priscum Grimaldi and Kirk-Spriggs, gen. et sp. n. The fossil Curtonotum is based on a female specimen and has some features of Neotropical species and a small clade of African species. Depressonotum †priscum, gen. et sp. n., is based on a male and female and has a unique combination of features that are plesiomorphic and derived for the Curtonotidae. These are the only definitive fossils of the family and the only Curtonotidae known from the Caribbean. The fossil Curtonotidae provide rare data on the geological occurrence of ephydroid flies, essential for estimates of divergence times.
Effects of Temperature and DC Electric Fields on Perfluorooctanoic Acid Sorption Kinetics to Activated Carbon

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Sorption to activated carbon is a common approach to reducing environmental risks of waterborne perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), while effective and flexible approaches to PFOA sorption are needed. Variations in temperature or the use of electrokinetic phenomena (electroosmosis and electromigration) in the presence of external DC electric fields have been shown to alter the contaminant sorption of contaminants. Their role in PFOA sorption, however, remains unclear. Here, we investigated the joint effects of DC electric fields and the temperature on the sorption of PFOA on activated carbon. Temperature-dependent batch and column sorption experiments were performed in the presence and absence of DC fields, and the results were evaluated by using different kinetic sorption models. We found an emerging interplay of DC and temperature on PFOA sorption, which was linked via the liquid viscosity (η) of the electrolyte. For instance, the combined presence of a DC field and low temperature increased the PFOA loading up to 38% in 48 h relative to DC-free controls. We further developed a model that allowed us to predict temperature- and DC field strength-dependent electrokinetic benefits on the drivers of PFOA sorption kinetics (i.e., intraparticle diffusivity and the film mass transfer coefficient). Our insights may give rise to future DC- and temperature-driven applications for PFOA sorption, for instance, in response to fluctuating PFOA concentrations in contaminated water streams.
Prospective, Long‐Term Study of Fat‐soluble Vitamin Status in Children with Cystic Fibrosis Identified by Newborn Screen

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the biochemical status of vitamins A, D, and E in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). Subjects: A total of 127 infants identified by the Colorado CF newborn screening program. Design: Vitamin status (serum ret‐inol, 25‐hydroxy vitamin D, ratio of alpha‐tocopherol/total lipids) and serum albumin were assessed at diagnosis (4 to 8 weeks), ages 6 months, 12 months, and yearly thereafter, to age 10 years. Results: Deficiency of 1 or more vitamins was present in 44 (45.8%) of 96 patients at age 4 to 8 weeks as follows: vitamin A 29.07c, vitamin D 22.5%, and vitamin E 22.8%. Of these patients with initial deficiency, the percent that was deficient at 1 or more subsequent time points, despite supplementation, was vitamin A 11.1%, vitamin D 12.5%, and vitamin E 57.1%. Of the initial patients with vitamin sufficiency, the percent who became deficient at any time during the 10‐year period was as follows: vitamin A 4.5%, vitamin D 14.4%, and vitamin E 11.8%. The percent of patients deficient for 1 or more vitamins ranged from
The Sagoromo Middle Captain

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter discusses the first anthology: The Sagoromo Middle Captain. It emphasizes that these short narratives continued to thrive in the early modern period, particularly in illustrated versions, making this work the version of the tale most familiar to later readers. The chapter shows a vivid, if loose, review of Asukai's story, which draw from or frequently allude to that subplot. This example from the cycle, as the chapter highlights, contains endearing common touches and captures the broader interest in family and faith seen in medieval literature at large. Like all of the anonymous writers involved with this cycle, the author or copyist does not appear to have cared for the tale's political thread. The chapter notes that the text here contains a short postscript that resembles the one found in some copies of the tale, praising the emotions experienced and inspired by the characters, albeit with a new emphasis on parents and children. The chapter then focuses on the more salient detail in the text: the recurring discussion of the boats on which some of the characters travel. It explores the practical concerns and material lives of the middle aristocracy and of the literate audience.
EXPLORING RESEARCH-RELATED CHALLENGES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS AND POST GRADUATE TRAINEES IN PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Medical research and its role in healthcare and medical education are of paramount importance. Early exposure to research during undergraduate and postgraduate medical programs can significantly enhance students' scientific skills and knowledge. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the barriers encountered in pursuing research activities by undergraduate medical students and postgraduate trainees in Peshawar, Pakistan. Methodology: This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2023, involving a total of 1000 participants, comprising 650 undergraduate medical students and 350 postgraduate trainees. Data was collected through questionnaires and Google forms, and the analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. The study focused on demographic information, research experience, and various barriers to research. Results: A total of 1000 (100%) participants including 650 (65%) undergraduate medical students and 350 (35%) postgraduate trainees were involved in the study. The study found that 46.3% of undergraduate medical students and 68% of postgraduate trainees had prior research experience, with 27.2% of undergraduate medical students and 55.1% of postgraduate trainees having attended a medical research conference. Lack of time was a common barrier cited by both groups (P-Value=0.034), and there were significant differences in perceived barriers related to insufficient research knowledge (P-Value=0.025), scientific complexity(P-Value=0.032), lack of motivation (P-Value=0.031), topic selection (P-Value=0.024), proposal development (P-Value=0.003), statistical analysis(P-Value=0.011), and concerns about sexual harassment in research settings (P-Value=0.000). However, no significant differences were observed in difficulties related to data collection, report drafting, and database restrictions. Institutional and mentor-related barriers were also identified. Additionally, research publications and presentations barriers were also significant. Conclusion: This study highlights the significant challenges faced by undergraduate medical students and postgraduate trainees in Peshawar, Pakistan when it comes to engaging in research activities. Differences in barriers exist, with negative mentor encounters and curriculum gaps being prominent issues. Institutional barriers such as funding and ethical approval also hinder research efforts.
Gaseous CO2 signal initiates growth of butyric-acid-producing Clostridium butyricum in both pure culture and mixed cultures with Lactobacillus brevis

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Microbial strains produce numerous volatile substances in the anaerobic conditions of the human intestines. The availability of CO 2 is known to be a prerequisite for bacterial growth in general. In experiments with anaerobic Lactobacillus brevis and Clostridium butyricum bacteria in the Portable Microbial Enrichment Unit (PMEU) it was shown that these strains interact; this interaction being mediated by CO 2 emission. CO 2 promoted clostridial growth in pure cultures and mixed cultures with lactobacilli. The growth of C. butyricum in pure cultures was much delayed or did not start at all without CO 2 from outside. Conversely, the onset of growth was provoked by a short (15 min) CO 2 burst. In mixed cultures the presence of lactobacilli in equal numbers speeded up the onset of clostridial growth by 10 h. If C. butyricum cultures designated as PMEU 1, 2, and 3 in cultivation syringes were chained by connecting the gas flow thereby allowing the volatiles of the preceding syringe culture to bubble to the next one, the growth started in 20, 10, or 6 h, respectively. This effect of gaseous emissions from other cultures speeding up the bacterial growth initiation was abolished if the gas was passed through sodium hydroxide to remove the CO 2 . The positive contribution of lactobacilli to the growth of butyric-acid-producing clostridia documented in this simulation experiment with PMEU has in vivo implications and indicates molecular communication between the species. CO 2 is a necessary signal for the growth of clostridia, and lactobacilli can promote clostridial growth in mixed cultures where both bacteria grow well with mutual benefit.
[Reactivation of oxygen accumulation function after complete removal of manganese from the photosystem II particles].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Reactivation of 0² evolution function has been studied in PS-2 particles after complete removal of Mn and water soluble 10, 17, 24, 33 kDa proteins, It has been shown that 0² evolution function in such particles can be reactivated by adding 5 μM Mn² and 20 mM Ca²(+). Preliminary illumination of the sample is necessary to exhibit the reactivation effect of 0² evolution. The maximum value of the reactivation of 0² evolution rate is about 60% of the control. Upon illumination of the reactivated particles with flashes of 1s duration and at a frequency of 0,1 Hz, 0² evolution occurs according to the mechanism analogous to that in the initial parties of PS 2. Thus the reactivation of water oxidation and 0² evolution after complete removal of Mn and water soluble 10, 17, 24, 33 kDa proteins resulting in the suppression of 0² evolution function has been shown for the first time and it can serve as a basic approach for profound investigation of the mechanism of photosynthetic water oxidation.
Both multisensory stimulation and activity sessions improved mood and behaviour in dementia in the short term

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Baker R, Bell S, Baker E , et al. A randomized controlled trial of the effects of multi-sensory stimulation (MSS) for people with dementia. Br J Clin Psychol2001 Mar; 40 : 81 –96 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] QUESTIONS: In patients with dementia, is multisensory stimulation (MSS) more effective than activity sessions for improving behaviour and mood, and do the effects endure? Randomised {allocation concealed*}†, unblinded*, controlled trial with 1 month of follow up after 4 weeks of treatment. 3 day centres in Dorset, UK (home assessments were also done). 50 patients (mean age 78 y, 50% women) who lived at home with a primary caregiver; had a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, or vascular or mixed dementia that was corroborated by the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders in the Elderly tool; had moderate to severe cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score 0–17); and attended 1 of 3 day centres ≥2 days/week. … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DThe%2BBritish%2Bjournal%2Bof%2Bclinical%2Bpsychology%2B%252F%2Bthe%2BBritish%2BPsychological%2BSociety%26rft.stitle%253DBr%2BJ%2BClin%2BPsychol%26rft.aulast%253DBaker%26rft.auinit1%253DR.%26rft.volume%253D40%26rft.issue%253DPt%2B1%26rft.spage%253D81%26rft.epage%253D96%26rft.atitle%253DA%2Brandomized%2Bcontrolled%2Btrial%2Bof%2Bthe%2Beffects%2Bof%2Bmulti-sensory%2Bstimulation%2B%2528MSS%2529%2Bfor%2Bpeople%2Bwith%2Bdementia.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1348%252F014466501163508%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F11317951%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1348/014466501163508&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=11317951&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febmental%2F4%2F4%2F106.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000167977700007&link_type=ISI
Is MLQ Instrument Applicable to Verify the Blue Ocean Leadership Traits?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Blue Ocean Leadership aims to achieve an organizational increase in leadership strength quickly and at low cost, which translates into high performance for the business. This is why in building a sustainable business and community in the organization, leadership plays a very important role. The purpose of this paper is to review past researches and to identify whether the "Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire" (MLQ From 5x) is applicable to be used to measure blue ocean leadership traits. It is expected that the instruments proposed in this paper will contribute to the new findings in the leadership study.
Deterministic conversion of a four-photon GHZ state to a W state via homodyne measurement

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We propose a specific method for converting a four-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state to a W state in a deterministic way by using linear optical elements, cross-Kerr nonlinearities, and homodyne measurement. We consider the effects of the quadrature homodyne measurements on the fidelity of the W state and the experimental feasibility of the proposed scheme. This might provide great prospects for converting multipartite entangled states into each other for future optical quantum information processing (QIP).
On converting a side-pairing to a handle decomposition

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We give a method for obtaining a handle decomposition of an n-manifold if the manifold is given by isometric side-pairings of a polyhedron in En, Sn or Hn. Every cycle of k-faces on the polyhedron corresponds to an (n − k)-handle of the manifold. Two applications of the method are given. One helps recognize when a noncompact hyperbolic 3-manifold is a complement of a link in S3 (and automatically produces the link diagram), the other shows that a topological S4 described by the author in [4] is diffeomorphic to the standard differentiable S4.
Learning about the Literacy Development of English Language Learners in Asynchronous Online Discussions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The present study examined asynchronous online discussions in the online course “English Language Development” to identify themes related to teachers and teacher candidates' learning about the language and literacy development of English Language Learners (ELLs) when they facilitated online discussions. Our overall goal was to determine whether teachers and teacher candidates developed sufficient understanding to effectively educate ELLs. Participants were 29 teachers and teacher candidates who were enrolled in the course in the fall semester, 2011 at a large research university in Indiana. The following research questions were addressed: 1) What do candidates identify as key issues for the literacy development of ELLs when they facilitate online discussions? and 2) In what ways did they discuss these key issues in the online environment? The analysis of teachers and teacher candidates' weekly online discussion postings (n = 154) indicated that student-discussion facilitation can impact the levels of teachers and teacher candidates' understanding about the literacy development of ELLs.
Evaluation of the Predictive Performance of Regional and Global Ground Motion Predictive Equations for Shallow Active Regions in Pakistan

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Ground motion prediction equations are a key element of seismic hazard assessments. Pakistan lacks a robust ground motion prediction equation specifically developed using a Pakistan seismic ground motion databank. In this study, performance assessment of the ground motion prediction equations for usage in seismic hazard and risk studies in Pakistan, a seismically highly active region, is performed. In this study, an evaluation of the global ground motion prediction equations developed for the shallow active regions is carried out based on a databank of strong ground motion that was compiled in this study. Thirteen ground motion prediction equations were considered applicable, and their goodness of fit was evaluated using the databank of 147 peak ground acceleration of 27 shallow earthquakes in Pakistan. Residual analysis and three goodness of fit procedures were implemented in the evaluation of the equations. The results of this study suggest that global ground motion prediction equations can be applicable in the shallow active regions of Pakistan. These equations were developed based on data from Europe and the Middle East. Next Generation Attenuation West-2 equations were also applicable, but they did not perform as well as the European and Middle Eastern databank-derived equations. A total of four global equations were applicable in Pakistan. The best performing equation in this study should be applied with the highest weight, and the others should be applied with small weights on the logic tree to perform better. These equations can be employed in seismic hazard and risk assessment studies for disaster risk mitigation measures.
Landscape stereotypes and potential of creative economic narratives in the tourism marketing of Lake Constance as a destination

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Lake Constance region is due to its scenic attractiveness one of the most visited destinations in German-speaking countries. Scenic attractiveness as well as so-called landscape stereotypes also play a decisive role in tourism marketing. Tour operators reproduce supra-individual landscape concepts and establish mental geographies that ultimately influence the choice of destinations. A growing trend in tourism is the emergence of creative narratives in tourism marketing and tourism offers induced by creative companies. By means of a discourse-analytical investigation, whose theoretical and conceptual frame of reference is the hegemony and discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe (1985), recurring landscape stereotypes are identified in tourist promotional material for the destination Bodensee. Based on these results as well as expert interviews with regional tourism stakeholders, a discussion of the creative economic potential for regional tourism marketing will take place. The investigation shows that these potentials are currently not being exhausted. At the same time, creative tourism can help a rural region, such as Lake Constance, to position itself as an alternative to city tourism, while at the same time addressing the lucrative target group 60plus.
Energetics, Charge Transfer and Magnetism of Small Molecules Physisorbed on Phosphorene

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

First-principles calculations are performed to investigate the interaction of physisorbed small molecules, including CO, H2, H2O, NH3, NO, NO2, and O2, with phosphorene, and their energetics, charge transfer, and magnetic moment are evaluated on the basis of dispersion corrected density functional theory. Our calculations reveal that CO, H2, H2O and NH3 molecules act as a weak donor, whereas O2 and NO2 act as a strong acceptor. While NO molecule donates electrons to graphene, it receives electrons from phosphorene. Among all the investigated molecules, NO2 has the strongest interaction through hybridizing its frontier orbitals with the 3p orbital of phosphorene. The nontrivial and distinct charge transfer occurring between phosphorene and these physisorbed molecules not only renders phosphorene promising for application as a gas sensor, but also provides an effective route to modulating the polarity and density of carriers in phosphorene. In addition, the binding energy of H2 on phosphorene is found to be 0.13 eV/H2, indicating that phosphorene is suitable for both stable room-temperature hydrogen storage and its subsequent facile release.
Study on the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution in Ningbo city

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Chinese economy has experienced steadily high growth in recent two decades, while the issue of environmental pollution is becoming more and more outstanding. Under the circumstances, this paper tries to investigate the relation between economic growth and environmental pollution, illustrated by the case of Ningbo city. We first use the method of principal component analysis to build comprehensive environmental quality indicators that can reflect the overall environmental quality based on the data of three industrial wastes from the year of 1990 to 2009o After the unite root test, co-integration test and Granger causality test, we formulate a quadratic multinomial model and cubic polynomial model for research.
SOLID PSEUDOPAPILLARY TUMOUR OF THE PANCREAS – A CASE REPORT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Solid-pseudopapillary tumors are unusual pancreatic neoplasms of low malignant potential that most frequently affect young women.They are histologically, clinically, and prognostically quite distinct from the more common pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas.Despite their often large size the vast majority of solid-pseudopapillary tumors are indolent neoplasms.They are confined to the pancreas in 85% of patients, and even the 10 to 15% of patients with liver or peritoneal metastases commonly enjoy long-term survival.
Improving job tenure outcomes for people with disabilities: The 3M modelRehabilitation Counseling

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The need for job retention services in rehabilitation is clearly indicated in statistics on unemployment and job loss rates for people with disabilities. In this article, information is provided on a three-part job retention model (the 3M model) containing the con-structs of match, maturity, and mastery. The thesis of the article is that individuals with disabilities are more likely to retain employment when rehabilitation counselors provide retention services compatible with the 3Ms. Counselors can help people with disabili-ties (a) establish the prerequisite job–person match, (b) meet career maturity chal-lenges, and (c) demonstrate mastery of novel workplace problems.