jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF THE RENDANG INDUSTRIAL INNOVATION SYSTEM IN PAYAKUMBUH CITY

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research aims to examine efforts to develop an innovation system for the rendang industry in Payakumbuh City. The methodology used in this research is interviews with related parties regarding efforts to develop an innovation system for the rendang industry in Payakumbuh City. The results obtained are that there are various efforts to develop an innovation system for the rendang industry in Payakumbuh City, namely: the establishment of a rendang industrial center, rebranding of Payakumbuh City, the establishment of UPTD P3R, the establishment of the "IKOSERO" cooperative, the establishment of the School of Randang,collaboration and partnerships, technology implementation, marketing, HR training and development, as well as licensing and standardization. Government policy to provide support to the rendang industry in Payakumbuh is very necessary so that rendang in Payakumbuh City is able to have competitiveness in the national market and Payakumbuh rendang can enter the international market and become a food that is in demand by people throughout the world.
Effects of Common Root Rot on Winter Wheat Forage Production

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A 2-yr field study was conducted to evaluate the effects of common root rot, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, on winter wheat forage production. Treatments were established that resulted in different levels of disease severity. Disease severity was evaluated on seven cultivars by using three seed treatments including imazalil fungicide, conidial inoculation with B. sorokiniana, and noninoculated, nontreated controls. Forage samples were taken in November and March each year, and plants were evaluated at the same time for disease incidence and severity (...)
Fast and Accurate Dual-Comb Spectroscopy with Mid-Infrared Quantum Cascade Laser Frequency Combs

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present a dual-comb spectrometer combining absolute frequency accuracy (600-kHz), fast acquisition (54-ms), and broadband mid-infrared coverage (40-cm -1 ) near 1300 cm -1 . These unique characteristics are realized by chip-based quantum cascade laser frequency combs.
Antigenic analysis of Norwegian aquatic birnavirus isolates using monoclonal antibodies—with special reference to fish species, age and health status

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract. A panel of 11 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) was used in an immunodot assay to investigate the antigenic relationship of a representative selection of aquatic biroaviruses isolated in Norway from different species of both carrier and diseased fish. All the 81 isolates shared a serogroup A‐speeifie epitopc, and 67 of them had a reaction pattern identical to the Sp‐type strain. Of the other 14 isolates, nine resembled the Sp‐type strain, two resembled both the Sp‐ and He‐type strains, two were closest to the Ab‐type strain and one resembled the Te‐type strain. Sp‐related strains were predominant from all nine host groups, including from both Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., with infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) and healthy. Atlantic salmon. The N1 strain reacted identically to the Sp‐type strain.
The Family Planning Program in Pakistan: What Went Wrong?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Pakistan was 1 of the 1st developing countries to adopt an official policy to reduce fertility. Its national family planning program begun in 1965 cost more than 165 million dollars over 15 years and was widely considered to be a model for other nations to follow. Yet by the end of the 1970s it became clear that the program had not worked. Only 5% of married women were using any contraceptive method; 2/3 did not know where they could obtain a method; 70% had never met a family planning program staff member. The crude birthrate (40 per 1000) was the same as in the early 1960s. According to the authors many program reforms which were supposed to have been introduced in the 1970s were never introduced partly a result of administrative problems and internal and external conflict but also partly due to low levels of effective demand. Administrators and donors accepted the figures garnered from service statistics about new acceptors and couple years of protection and assumed that program reforms would clear up problems indicated by the bad news about contraceptive use and continued high fertility which 1st broke in 1969. Observers thus continued to be surprised with the results of the 1975 fertility survey which showed no improvement. The schemes developed by program administrators are now seen to have been based on unrealistic targets and were hampered by inadequate supervision of fieldworkers political interference in staff recruitment inadequate evaluation procedures lack of commitment and motivation of key program staff and most importantly a preoccupation with a supply oriented approach. A considerable unmet need for family planning services remains which has not been converted into effective contraceptive usage partly because of the family dynamics of a male dominated society. Women who bear most of the costs of childbearing may want fewer children while men who receive most of the benefits want more. The cost of having more children may not be great enough to encourage women to face the problem of going against the wishes of husbands or mothers-in-law. The current family planning approach in Pakistan lays stress on changing the attitudes of potential clients about contraception apparently recognizing the lack of effective demand. (summary in FRE)
A Content Analysis on an English Textbook Entitled "Interactive English 2" for Grade VIII of Junior High School

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract: This research is aimed to (1) determine whether the English textbook of “Interactive English 2” for grade VIII of Junior High School has applied the scientific approach of the 2013 Curriculum and (2) to investigate the extent of the Scientific Approach application in the English textbook “Interactive English 2” based on the 2013 Curriculum. The research design used is descriptive qualitative research. The researcher uses document in the form of textbook of Interactive English 2 as the data collection. The researcher took 4 Units of the book as the sample. The data were collected through the following techniques: (1) document analysis; (2) questionnaire; and (3) interview. The technique of analysing data is by using the theory proposed by Elliot and Timulak which includes: data preparation, deleaniting and processing meaning units, finding an overall organizing structure for the data, generation of categories, and abstracting the main findings. The textbook is analysed based on the scientific approach of the 2013 Curriculum which comprises of observing, questioning, collecting information, experimenting, associating, communicating, and creating. The findings of the research shows that The English textbook “Interactive English 2” has applied scientific approach based on the 2013 Curriculum. This can be seen from the total percentage in each unit of 100 % which means each Unit has applied scientific approach. However, all of the samples unit do not apply creating step and some of them do not contain questioning and communicating steps. The steps of scientific aprroach in a good order from the most used until the leats used are Observing, Collecting Information, Associating, Communicating, Questioning, and Creating. The compatibility of the application of scientific approach in the English textbok “Interactive English 2” is 73.334 %. This data is obtained from the detail that unit 1 gets 83.33 %, Unit 2 has 66.67 %, Unit 3 has 66.67 %, Unit 4 has 66.67 %, and Unit 6 has 83.33 %. Based on the interval percentage as suggested by Arikunto (1996, p. 224), the textbook achieves the “Good” level with 73.334 % of the total indicators that are fulfilled in the compatibility of materials in the Interactive English 2 textbook with the scientific approach. The activities used in each domain mostly by observing the phenomena using senses, asking and making questions, constructing and internalizing knowledge, finding expressions, practicing the materials, processing the information, thinking logically and empirically, doing task, and expressing meaning. Keywords: scientific approach, content analysis, descriptive qualitative, 2013 Curriculum, Interactive English 2
Quality indicators for management of community-acquired pneumonia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Quality Indicators (QI) for management of pneumonia has not been established. We operate on electronic medical charting and often employ the scoring template for severity assessment of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). The template contains the domestically popular A-DROP system and the Pneumonia Severity Index. However there are no validation studies concerning the influence of such template activation on outcome of patients with CAP. Objective: We investigated whether the template activation rate could serve as a potential QI by looking into its effects on the duration of hospitalization, duration of intravenous antibiotic therapy and 30-day mortality. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in 448 patients with CAP admitted to our hospital from January 2007 to December 2012. Results: 126 patients belonged to the template-used group (TU) and 322 to the template-free group (TF). Respectively, the mean age was 76.7 and 79.5 years, and 83 (66.0%) and 185 (57.5%) were male. In TU, duration of hospitalization in days was 15.2 and that of intravenous antibiotic therapy was 10.2, whereas these figures were 21.1 and 13.2 respectively for TF. After adjusting for sex, blood culture positivity, pneumonia severity and the presence of delirium, the durations of hospitalization and intravenous antibiotic therapy had shorter tendency among TU. In particular, duration of intravenous antibiotic therapy was significantly shorter (regression coefficient (β): -2.4, 95%CI -4.6 to -0.19, p=0.03). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that high template activation rate may lead to improvement of prognosis and quality of care of patients with CAP.
Clinical experience for Porphyromonas gingivalis detection in the cerebrospinal ţuid of patients with inţammatory diseases of the central nervous system and periodontitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background. Porphyromonas. gingivalis is one of the most aggressive periodontopathogens causing periodontitis. Present scientific evidence proves the possibility of the influence of P.gingivalis on the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. Objective. To verify frequency of P.gingivalis detection within the cerebrospinal fluid of patients affected by various types of CNS inflammatory diseases. Material and Methods. Cerebrospinal fluid of 36 patients, aged 18 to 79 years, with various infectious diseases of the central nervous system was analyzed during two years of study. Real-time PCR technique was used for P.gingivalis detection. Results: 13 patients out of 36 demonstrated the presence of P.gingivalis within cerebrospinal fluid. 4 of them were diagnosed with meningoencephalitis, 3 patients had fever of unknown origin, at that one of them had Parkinson's disease, 3 patients had acute disseminated unspecified demyelination, 1 had multiple sclerosis, 1 had unspecified cerebrovascular disease. 77% of the total number of patients in whom P.gingivalis was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid, also were diagnosed with periodontitis. Conclusions: Based on the data obtained, it can be assumed that P.gingivalis plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. Sanitation of the oral cavity and timely treatment of periodontal diseases can significantly reduce the incidence of inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system.
Lymph Stasis After Lymph Node Dissection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This chapter focuses on lymph node dissections and factors which impact on the incidence of postoperative lymph stasis. The evolution of human diseases can also be observed in the etiology of lymphedema, where the previously common parasitic and bacterial causes of lymph stasis have become rare, only to be replaced by the sequelae of surgical dissection of the lymph nodes as the most frequent cause. Lymph node dissection is an operative procedure designed to remove the nodes and lymphatic tissue draining a specific region of the body. The four most common nodal operations performed are axillary, groin, neck, and pelvic/retroperitoneal node dissections. Lymphedema of the arm after mastectomy and axillary dissection is reported as less than 10% in most series, and is fortunately most often mild and decreasing in incidence. The most common and effective treatments for postoperative lymphedema are mechanical, consisting of elevation of the affected extremity, compression garments, weight control, and intermittent pneumatic compression garments.
Operations management teaching on European MBA programmes

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

A comprehensive review of the literature established that several investigations have been made of operations management teaching in the USA, whereas almost nothing has been published on European teaching. Therefore, an exploratory investigation was made of operations management teaching on the MBA courses of ten leading European business schools. The results show that course content is similar across schools, but there are large variations on three dimensions: the time allocated by schools to the subject; the balance between operations strategy and tools and techniques in teaching; and the level of emphasis given to service operations. The results also indicate the emerging importance of integrating operations management with other subjects in the MBA curriculum and the key challenge facing faculty ‐ the need to raise the perceived importance of operations management. The comparison of courses will be of interest to all operations management faculty who teach core courses and particularly those who are looking for ideas on how to re‐design courses.
Stress Singularities in Composite Materials with an Arbitrary Open Crack Meeting an Interface. 4th Report. Singularity Orders for Plate-Bending Problems.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

By using the eigenfunction-expansion method, the authors have discussed the crack tip singularities of various open cracks meeting at the interfaces of different materials for a solution to plate-bending problems. The thin plate theory (i.e., classical theory of a plate without shear deformation) was utilized for the calculation of sectional forces such as shear force and bending moment when they were provided with free boundaries at the crack interfaces. Numerical results are illustrated in this paper.
Can sealing of rock hosting a repository for highly radioactive waste be relied on?

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Multibarrier systems are commonly proposed for effective isolation of highly radioactive waste (HLW). Presently considered concepts take the host rock as a barrier claiming it to retard migration of possibly released radionuclides from HLW containers to the biosphere. This capacity is small unless water-bearing fracture zones intersecting the blasted waste-containing tunnels and excavation-disturbance zones around them can be sealed by grouting and construction of bulkheads, but this is effective only for a very limited period of time as explained in the paper. The disturbed zones thence make the entire repository serve as a continuous hydraulic conductor causing quick transport of released radionuclides up to the biosphere. The dilemma can be solved by accepting the short-circuiting function of the disturbed zones along the tunnels on the condition that totally tight waste containers be used. Deep holes bored in the site selection phase through the forthcoming repository can be effective pathways for radionuclides unless they are properly sealed. They are small-scale equivalents of tunnels but do not have any ex-cavation damage and can be effectively sealed by using clay and concrete of new types. Applying this principle to very deep boreholes with a diameter of a few decimeters would make it possible to safely store slim, tight HLW canisters for any period of time.
Erythrocytapheresis with Recombinant Human Erythropoietin in Hereditary Hemochromatosis Therapy: A New Alternative

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background and Objectives : The purposes of this study were to evaluate the tolerance, efficacy and safety of isovolemic erythrocytapheresis (EA) in nonanemic patients with hereditery hemochromatosis (HH), and to assess the usefulness of recombinant human erythropoitein (rHuEPO) associated with EA to reduce treatment duration. Materials and Methods: In 10 asymptomatic patients with serum ferritin >400 μ/l, transferrin satuaration >50%, and GPT elevation, EA with rHuEPO and folic acid was performed. Results: Red Cell indices, serum ferritin, and other iron metabolism parameters (serum iron, transferrin, and transferrin satuaration)l; GPT and other laboratory data were considerably improved. Conclusion: This method offers better results in less time than traditional phlebotomy. EA with rHuEPO is an effective therapeutic alternative for patients with HH.
Selective κ receptor partial agonist HS666 produces potent antinociception without inducing aversion after i.c.v. administration in mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background and purpose The κ receptor has a central role in modulating neurotransmission in central and peripheral neuronal circuits that subserve pain and other behavioural responses. Although κ receptor agonists do not produce euphoria or lead to respiratory suppression, they induce dysphoria and sedation. We hypothesized that brain‐penetrant κ receptor ligands possessing biased agonism towards G protein signalling over β‐arrestin2 recruitment would produce robust antinociception with fewer associated liabilities. Experimental approach Two new diphenethylamines with high κ receptor selectivity, HS665 and HS666, were assessed following i.c.v. administration in mouse assays of antinociception with the 55°C warm‐water tail withdrawal test, locomotor activity in the rotorod and conditioned place preference. The [ 35 S]‐GTPγS binding and β‐arrestin2 recruitment in vitro assays were used to characterize biased agonism. Key results HS665 (κ receptor agonist) and HS666 (κ receptor partial agonist) demonstrated dose‐dependent antinociception after i.c.v. administration mediated by the κ receptor. These highly selective κ receptor ligands displayed varying biased signalling towards G protein coupling in vitro , consistent with a reduced liability profile, reflected by reduced sedation and absence of conditioned place aversion for HS666. Conclusions and implications HS665 and HS666 activate central κ receptors to produce potent antinociception, with HS666 displaying pharmacological characteristics of a κ receptor analgesic with reduced liability for aversive effects correlating with its low efficacy in the β‐arrestin2 signalling pathway. Our data provide further understanding of the contribution of central κ receptors in pain suppression, and the prospect of dissociating the antinociceptive effects of HS665 and HS666 from κ receptor‐mediated adverse effects.
Abundant post‐fire recruitment and rapid seedling maturity emphasise regular burning is beneficial for conserving the Vulnerable Purple‐flowered Wattle (Acacia purpureopetala)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary Purple‐flowered Wattle ( Acacia purpureopetala ) has a Vulnerable status under the Queensland Nature Conservation Act (1992) and is listed as Critically Endangered under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act (1999). It grows in eucalypt woodlands of North Queensland. Its post‐fire response was examined to better understand its ecology and management requirements. Before and after fire surveys found Purple‐flowered Wattle is a fire‐killed ‘obligate seeder’ with abundant fire‐promoted germination, but limited recruitment in the absence of fire, highlighting the importance of regular burning for generating new plants. Nearly half of Purple‐flowered Wattle seedlings began producing seed in their second year, indicating a population tolerant of frequent burning. Combined, the abundant fire‐promoted recruitment and rapidly maturing seedlings suggest regular patchy fires that allow some mature plants to survive unburnt while promoting recruitment in burnt areas would benefit the population. A laboratory trial found percentage germination after 3 weeks was significantly higher for seeds treated by soaking in hot water for 5 minutes (31% germination), compared with those soaked in ambient temperature water (4% germination). However, by 5 weeks, germination differences between seed treatment were not statistically significant. The apparent discrepancy where unheated seeds eventually germinated in a laboratory setting, yet in situ germination was almost completely restricted to the post‐fire environment, warrants further investigation. It may be that successful germination and seedling establishment in woodlands requires the rapid removal of physical dormancy, or perhaps keeping unheated seed constantly moist for 5 weeks in a laboratory trial is simply an unnatural treatment producing a germination response not relevant to ecosystem function. The abundant fire‐triggered germination and rapid maturity of seedlings, combined with the known population number (>4,000 plants) and distribution range (850 km 2 ), support existing recommendations that Purple‐flowered Wattle warrants a Vulnerable rather than Critically Endangered Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act (1999) status, as is current at the state level. Management that includes regular patchy burning with good soil moisture that reduces the extent and intensity of individual fires is likely to benefit the long‐term preservation of this restricted species and associated species of its ecosystems.