jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Design of a general interface of a driving simulator cockpit

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This thesis has covered the design, implementation and evaluation of a new hardware interface for an automobile simulator cockpit - the front end of a SAAB 9-3. Two circuit boards were produced, one for analog and one for digital signals. The boards were manufactured at ITN’s PCB lab at Campus Norrköping. Both boards were equipped with terminal blocks, enabling easy connection of input signals. The analog signals were of such configuration that voltage division was to be used. I therefore had 32 potentiometers of different resistance intervals soldered to the analog board. These potentiometers, along with the ones in the cockpit (mounted by the manufacturer), provided fixed analog output levels. The digital board did not have any signal processing but for every signal a LED was soldered to the board. This was done to make trouble-shooting easier. As an interface to the simulator itself, two I/O boards and two PCI-cards with both analog and digital inputs were used. The I/O boards were situated close to the analog and digital boards to which they were connected via planar cable. Two SCSI cables then transmitted the information to the PCI-cards, 5 m away. Installation of the boards went smoothly. The interface then underwent and passed a test to everyone’s satisfaction. Furthermore, Controller Area Network (CAN) has been examined in order to determine its implementability in simulator applications. First, the protocol and specification of CAN was examined. The next step was to investigate its general implementation in automobiles. This proved to be a difficult task since there is no general way of implementing it which is used by every car manufacturer. I was therefore forced to make individual contact with manufacturers and it became apparent that such information was not something they were keen on sharing. These contacts were still of use because none of them recommended CAN to be implemented in a simulator. The reasons mentioned for this was that because of its asynchronous protocol, CAN is not suited for message transmission which must be sent instantly. When that was the case, an implementation of CAN would mean that other protocols would have to be used as well in order to transmit all signals. Because of that, my conclusion was that CAN is not a feasible solution in simulator applications.
Low Rates of Antimicrobial-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Wildlife in Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire, Surrounded by Villages with High Prevalence of Multiresistant ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli in People and Domestic Animals

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Antimicrobial resistance genes can be found in all ecosystems, including those where antibiotic selective pressure has never been exerted. We investigated resistance genes in a collection of faecal samples of wildlife (non-human primates, mice), people and domestic animals (dogs, cats) in Côte d'Ivoire; in the chimpanzee research area of Taï National Park (TNP) and adjacent villages. Single bacteria isolates were collected from antibiotic-containing agar plates and subjected to molecular analysis to detect Enterobacteriaceae isolates with plasmid-mediated genes of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR). While the prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in the villages was 27% in people (n = 77) and 32% in dogs (n = 38), no ESBL-producer was found in wildlife of TNP (n = 75). PMQR genes, mainly represented by qnrS1, were also present in human- and dog-originating isolates from the villages (36% and 42% in people and dogs, respectively), but no qnrS has been found in the park. In TNP, different variants of qnrB were detected in Citrobacter freundii isolates originating non-human primates and mice. In conclusion, ESBL and PMQR genes frequently found in humans and domestic animals in the villages were rather exceptional in wildlife living in the protected area. Although people enter the park, the strict biosecurity levels they are obliged to follow probably impede transmission of bacteria between them and wildlife.
Bioenergetic consequences of opening the ATP-sensitive K+channel of heart mitochondria

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

There is an emerging consensus that pharmacological opening of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K + (K ATP ) channel protects the heart against ischemia-reperfusion damage; however, there are widely divergent views on the effects of openers on isolated heart mitochondria. We have examined the effects of diazoxide and pinacidil on the bioenergetic properties of rat heart mitochondria. As expected of hydrophobic compounds, these drugs have toxic, as well as pharmacological, effects on mitochondria. Both drugs inhibit respiration and increase membrane proton permeability as a function of concentration, causing a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and a consequent decrease in Ca 2+ uptake, but these effects are not caused by opening mitochondrial K ATP channels. In pharmacological doses (<50 μM), both drugs open mitochondrial K ATP channels, and resulting changes in membrane potential and respiration are minimal. The increased K + influx associated with mitochondrial K ATP channel opening is ∼30 nmol · min −1 · mg −1 , a very low rate that will depolarize by only 1–2 mV. However, this increase in K + influx causes a significant increase in matrix volume. The volume increase is sufficient to reverse matrix contraction caused by oxidative phosphorylation and can be observed even when respiration is inhibited and the membrane potential is supported by ATP hydrolysis, conditions expected during ischemia. Thus opening mitochondrial K ATP channels has little direct effect on respiration, membrane potential, or Ca 2+ uptake but has important effects on matrix and intermembrane space volumes.
A switchable PLL frequency synthesizer and hot carrier effects

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a new strategy of switchable CMOS phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer is proposed, designed and fabricated in 0.5 μm n-well CMOS process. Cadence/Spectre simulation results show that the frequency range of the switchable PLL is between 320 MHz to 1.15 GHz. The experimental results show that the RMS jitter of the PLL changes from 26 ps to 123 ps as output frequency varies. For 700 MHz carrier frequency, the phase noise of PLL reaches as low as -61 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset frequency and -104 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency. A device degradation model due to hot carrier effects has been used to analyze the jitter and phase noise performance in open loop voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The VCO oscillation frequency decreases by approximately 100 to 200 MHz versus the bias voltage and the RMS jitter increases by 40 ps under different PLL output frequencies after 4 hours of stress time.
TREN ANGKA PARTISIPASI PENDIDIKAN SD DAN SMP DI KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research aims to: 1. Describe the trend in the enrollment rate of SD and SMP in Gunungkidul; 2. Describe the policies and programs that have been provided by the Gunungkidul Government to increase enrollment rates for elementary and junior high schools; 3. Describe the follow-up action of the Gunungkidul Government after seeing the trend of elementary and junior high school enrollment rates in Gunungkidul Regency. This research uses descriptive quantitative research with secondary data analysis which is equipped with interview method. Analysis of the data using trend analysis of the number of least squares with the type of linear model and the equation Y = a + bx. The results of this study are: 1. The trend of GER for SD and SMP in 2019-2028 in Gunungkidul tends to decrease; 2. Policies and programs of the Gunungkidul Government through PIP, scholarships and social assistance, compulsory education movement programs, retrieval programs, google for education, and education and training for educators; 3. The Gunungkidul government is following up on the results of the SD and SMP GER trends by validating data, continuing effective programs, and maximizing retrieval programs. Keywords: trends, gross participation rate, primary school, junior high school, gunungkidul regency.
The Pattern of Occurrence of Cytosine in the Genetic Code Minimizes Deleterious Mutations and Favors Proper Function of the Translational Machinery

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The standard genetic code consists of 64 combinations of base triplets made from four different bases. The research aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of occurrence of cytosine in the genetic code. By exploring the base composition and sequence of all 64 codons, the author found some important features based on the instability of cytosine. Because cytosine undergoes spontaneous deamination that converts it into uracil, it is evolutionarily favorable to exclude cytosine from codons critical to the initiation and termination of translation. For amino acids that have one to three synonymous codons (also called synonyms), the frequency of occurrence of C in the first and second positions of their mRNA codons is significantly lower than the frequencies of A, U, and G. For mRNA codons that encode amino acids with four synonyms, the trend of base composition is opposite to those encoding amino acids with one to three synonyms; the instability of C could be inhibited or reduced via formation of hydrogen bonds with a G and/or with a protonated C, and the secondary structure of the resultant mRNA could be adjusted via the multiple synonymous alternates at the third position of their codons to facilitate the translation process. The overall pattern of occurrence for C in the genetic code not only minimizes deleterious mutations and favors proper function of the translational machinery by excluding C from certain positions within codons, but also allows the occurrence of genetic diversity via mutation by including C in less-critical positions.
Parent Education Series Part 1: The Birth And Beyond Parent Education Model

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Antenatal education can provide wide-reaching physical and psychological benefits including the adoption of healthier habits, enhanced partner support, improved maternal wellbeing – including those with mild anxiety and depression – improved birth satisfaction, increased confidence and satisfaction with infant relationships for both parents.1 Whilst more research is required, it is clear antenatal education has much to offer pregnant women/people, parents and their children. At present NHS-led parent education is on the decline, whilst there has been an explosion in education opportunities within the private sector. These education classes are unregulated and often provided by lay people.
Legal anthropocentrism between nature and technology: the new vulnerability of human beings.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Reflection on the possible reform of the Italian Civil Code requires an analysis of the evolution of the relationship between subject and object of law in the legal systems of the Western area. From this perspective, we note the thrusts toward a recognition of legal subjectivity to nature, animals, but especially to devices endowed with AI. At the same time, on another side, strong tendencies toward objectification/reification of human beings (and animals) emerge, from their origin to the different stages of their development. Anthropocentrism implodes, heading toward a transhumanist drift that only an inclusive humanistic vision of every living being could stem.
A GPS based navigation aid for the blind

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we present development of the GPS based navigation aid for blind. That aid utilizes inverse DGPS positioning module which, along with other benefits for the blind user, enables implementation of more complex navigation algorithms. In particular, we have implemented DGPS algorithm augmented by altitude data available from digital map. This solution improved the availability of positioning by more that 23% and its accuracy by more than 15%. All the results were experimentally verified.
Accidental Formaldehyde Injection in Cosmetic Blepharoplasty

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Formaldehyde was accidentally injected into the eyelids of a woman undergoing blepharoplasty, causing severe lid damage that required multiple reconstructive surgical procedures.

Report of a Case.

—A 59-year-old woman underwent cosmetic blepharoplasty at a surgical center. A nurse in the operating room mistakenly filled the syringes with formaldehyde from a pathologic specimen bottle that was on the operating table. The surgeon, believing that the solution was lidocaine hydrochloride, injected it subcutaneously into all four eyelids. Apparently, he realized the mistake immediately after-ward but proceeded with the blepharoplasty. I first examined the patient in October 1985, 5 weeks postoperatively. Her eyelids and medial and lateral canthi were extremely swollen, erythematous, excoriated, and necrotic (Fig 1). She had difficulty in opening her eyelids. Palpebral fissure widths were 0 mm OD and 2 mm OS. Her visual acuity was 20/40 OU. I continued treatment with the topical and systemic antibiotics she was using
Novel Drug Metabolism Indices for Pharmacogenetic Functional Status Based on Combinatory Genotyping of CYP2C9 , CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 Genes

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

We believe that this combinatory approach represents an improvement over the current gene-by-gene reporting by providing greater scope while still allowing for the resolution of a single-gene index when needed. This method will result in novel clinical and research applications, facilitating the translation from pharmacogenomics to personalized medicine, particularly in psychiatry where many drugs are metabolized or activated by multiple CYP450 isoenzymes.
A platelet-derived factor chemotactic for rabbit arterial smooth muscle cells in culture.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Following endothelial injury in a blood vessel, intimal proliferation of smooth muscle cells is preceeded by platelet adherence to the subendothelium and migration of cells from the media. Factors released from platelets were examined for their ability to induce directed migration of smooth muscle cells across a filter in a modified Boyden chamber. Thrombin and collagen induced the release of a nondialysable, heat stable chemotactic factor from washed rabbit platelets. Release of this factor does not depend on primary aggregation but is associated with the release reaction and is independent of products derived from the metabolism of arachidonic acid. Directed migration of the smooth muscle cells in response to the platelet-derived chemotactic factor does not require the presence of serum.
Latin American and Caribbean Confederation of Household Workers: Political (Dis)Articulations

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to address the configuration of the dominant identity categories in a Latin American feminine network that has historically claimed a lack of public recognition: the L atin A merican and C aribbean C onfederation of H ousehold W orkers. Working from the perspective of political discourse theory presented in the first section, we briefly analyze the discourses of emergence and development of the Confederation, focusing on women's struggles to be recognized as “household workers.” Special attention is given to their (dis)articulations, particularly with feminists and Catholic lay sectors, as discourses or meaning configurations that conditioned their development as a collective subject. From our perspective, these processes of (dis)articulation established specific meanings for household workers’ practices, instituting their limits in relation to other political projects available, including those held by feminists. The dominant meanings of identity categories have not only enabled specific ways to be identified “as a household worker” but also imprinted the limits and possibilities of their political practice.
Psychological maltreatment and self-compassion - the mediating role of shame and perspective-taking

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Introduction Psychological maltreatment such as emotional abuse or neglect is a serious risk factor for poorer mental and somatic health outcomes in life. A higher rate of psychological maltreatment experienced in childhood is a predictor of aversive emotional states such as shame, and can negatively influence factors of mentalization such as perspective-taking capacity in adulthood. However, emotional abuse or neglect are also negative predictors of self-compassion. Objectives The purpose of the study was to test two mediating models. We hypothesized, that reduced perspective-taking capacity, as well as higher levels of shame due to psychological maltreatment can be causally linked to lower levels of self-compassion. Methods We collected data from 120 healthy subjects (mean age=29.46, SD = 7.55) from Hungary We used Experience of Shame Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, Childhood Trauma Scale, and the Self-Compassion Scale in our cross-sectional questionnaire study. Results Psychological maltreatment is a significant negative predictor of self-compassion (b=-0,712; p<0.05), and shame seems to play a mediating role in this relationship (effect size= 0.231; p<0.05). Psychological maltreatment was not a statistically significant predictor of perspective-taking. Conclusions Our results highlight that shame has a central role between childhood traumatization and psychological well-being. In the case of early emotional maltreatment we have to focus on shame for higher levels of self-compassion and effective healing in psychotherapy. Disclosure No significant relationships.
The Relationship between Sleep Apnea Severity and the Risk of Developing Cardiovascular Diseases, Including Hypertension, Arrhythmias, and Heart Failure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The correlation between sleep apnea severity and the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including arrhythmias, hypertension, and heart failure (HF), remains a critical area of investigation in medical research. The study investigates the association between sleep apnea severity and cardiovascular diseases to better understand pathophysiological mechanisms and improve prevention and care for at-risk individuals. Methods: The study involved 124 patients diagnosed with sleep apnea. Participants met inclusion criteria of adults aged 18 years and above with confirmed sleep apnea diagnosis and complete medical records. Data collection included demographic information, sleep apnea severity calculated by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and cardiovascular outcomes determined through clinical diagnosis and diagnostic procedures. Statistical analyses were accomplished using SPSS. Results: The study cohort had a mean age of 52.8 years and comprised 62% males and 38% females, with a significant proportion classified as overweight or obese. Sleep apnea severity varied, with 38% having mild, 29% moderate, and 33% severe sleep apnea. Hypertension was prevalent in 52% of patients at baseline, with 38% developing hypertension during follow-up. Arrhythmias were detected in 18% of participants, and HF diagnosed in 14%. There were significant associations between sleep apnea severity and the development of hypertension (p < 0.001), arrhythmias (p = 0.023), and HF (p = 0.008), independent of potential confounders. Conclusion: The findings underscore the significant impact of sleep apnea on cardiovascular health, emphasizing the importance of early detection and management to mitigate risks of hypertension, arrhythmias, and heart failure. Comprehensive approaches integrating sleep and cardiovascular care are recommended to optimize outcomes in individuals with sleep apnea. Recommendations: Healthcare providers should prioritize screening and management of sleep apnea in individuals with CV risk factors. Multidisciplinary collaboration between sleep medicine specialists and cardiologists is essential for comprehensive assessment and treatment of sleep apnea-related cardiovascular complications.
Using Optical Transfer Function and Fuzzy-Neuro Logic for a 3-Dimensional (3D) Camera

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The currently available 3-Dimensional (3D) cameras are quite expensive because they employ technologies like using three separate lasers to capture XYZ and RGB values, the triangulation method using laser scanner etc. We propose passive methods as a solution to decrease the high cost involved in 3D cameras. For this purpose, we have developed a focus measure and an approximation technique. The focus measure is based on an optical transfer function and it has shown robustness in the presence of noise. For the approximation technique, our algorithm is based on Fuzzy-Neuro approach. A Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) is designed and trained using the neural network for the calculation of the depth map. The proposed focus measure and approximation technique can further be employed in any of the passive methods to acquire depth map for a 3D camera..
America through the kitchen window: Mid-twentieth century American culture through kitchen advertisements, products and design

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

During the nineteen-fifties in America the kitchen space and its related objects came to be emblematic of the concerns and ideals of American culture at the time. A study of the advertisements and articles in the periodicals of the era reveals a culture focused on leisure, technology, family life and personal plenty. Through a combined analysis of the images and texts found in surviving vintage magazines of the decade and more recent scholarship on the popular culture of the era it can be seen that the American dream of a happier, easier, more free and more luxurious life was made manifest within the kitchen space. Beyond gaining greater knowledge of the period, a larger goal of this thesis is to encourage greater support and respect for material culture as both a topic and a tool of study.
Models for community health partnerships.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

More so than ever, the collaborative efforts of community partnerships are considered a powerful means of improving community health. These partnerships--voluntary collaborations of diverse community organizations--can enhance organizational and personal relationships in the community and thus promote the health of residents. But when major institutions and community leaders join forces, they frequently face problems in organizing their efforts. Some leading cross-sectoral partnerships have made major strides in overcoming these problems and in demonstrating tangible results.