jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Development of a three-dimensional dynamic biped walking via the oscillation of telescopic knee joint and its gait analysis

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to extend the three-dimensional (3-D) passive dynamic biped walker to a 3-D dynamic biped walker, i.e., a walker that can walk on a horizontal surface based on a passive dynamic walking. A new prototype of 3-D biped walker called RW04, which has telescopic knee joints, was developed and its ability for walking was validated through some experiments. A sinusoidal oscillation, which is regarded as a central pattern generator with no sensory feedback, was provided to the knee joints to achieve the biped walking. The results showed that the biped gait of RW04 was possible only via a sinusoidal oscillation of the knee joint. Moreover, the 3-D dynamic walking gait via frequency response and zero moment point (ZMP) trajectory was also analyzed. The biped locomotion had a resonance, i.e., the frequency matched the natural frequency of the locomotion in the gain property. An “8” shaped ZMP trajectory was observed, which was found to be similar to that of the human gait. However, the simple sinusoidal oscillation had limitations such as stride reduction or discontinuation by phase difference. Therefore, in future work, more adaptable control strategy such as a sensory feedback using ZMP should be provided.
Analysis of cyt b gene sequences and molecular phylogeny of five species of Calopterygidae

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The nucleotide composition and phylogenetic relationship among 5 species in Calopterygidae were studied based on the 576 bp sequences of cyt b gene. The results showed that the average contents of T, C, A and G are 31.6%, 21.6%, 31.4% and 15.4%, respectively. The content of A+T (63%) is obviously higher than that of G+C (37%), reaching up to 66.4 % at the third position of the codons. Nucleotide substitution most likely occurs at the third position. With Bayadera melanopteryx as outgroup, the phylogenetic trees shows that Mnais and Matrona are monophyletic, but Mnais, differentiated earlier from their common ancestor, is a sister group to Matrona, Vestalis and Neurobasis.
Sphingonotus corsicus: Braud, Y., Hochkirch, A., Presa, J.J., Roesti, C., Rutschmann, F., Monnerat, C., Zuna-Kratky, T., Fontana, P. & Dusoulier, F.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species.
The Effectiveness of EEG Biofeedback and Cognitive Rehabilitation as Treatments for Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cognitive Rehabilitation is an umbrella term which encompasses a number of restorative and compensatory techniques commonly and widely applied to assist with the sequelae following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Such techniques have been well established within the literature. More recently, an increasing body of research has emerged suggesting that electroencephalography (EEG) biofeedback is an effective intervention for sequelae following TBI. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation and EEG biofeedback as treatments for moderate to severe TBI. It aimed to determine the effectiveness of each intervention in treating cognitive, emotional, and behavioural sequelae following TBI. Methods: A multiple single case study cross-over (ABBA) design was used with six adult participants, no less than one year post TBI. Three of the participants received the two treatments in the opposite order to the remaining participants, each serving as their own controls. Over ten weeks, each participant received 20 hours of Treatment A. Then, following a ten week break they received 20 hours of Treatment B, with a final ten week follow-up. A number of cognitive, emotional, and behavioural measures were administered pre-post treatments. Quantitative electroencephalographs (qEEG) were also administered pre-post treatments to evaluate any change in the electrophysiological dynamics of the brain. Results: EEG biofeedback appeared to be more effective than cognitive rehabilitation in improving information processing impairments, namely, complex attentional control, response inhibition, and speed of language and comprehension. Cognitive rehabilitation appeared to be more effective than EEG biofeedback in improving visual memory. Both treatments were effective in reducing depression, anxiety, anger, and neurobehavioural symptomatology. Although both treatments were effective in reducing depression, greater reductions were evident following EEG biofeedback. A number of self-reported functional changes were also noted by each participant. EEG biofeedback was more effective than cognitive rehabilitation in the normalisation of dysregulated EEG (as measured by qEEG). Conclusions: Overall, EEG biofeedback appeared to be more effective in improving information processing skills, while cognitive rehabilitation was more effective in improving visual memory. Both treatments were effective in the treatment of emotional and behavioural sequelae following TBI. EEG biofeedback was more effective in normalising the participants'. However, the clinical meaningfulness of the qEEG finding is questioned. Speculations are made about the possible functional brain changes which may occur following rehabilitation.
Prospects for electronic publication in communication: A survey of potential users

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper discusses the arguments for and against electronic publication and explores the potential acceptance for an electronic journal in the communication discipline. Using electronic mail, 85 users of a computer communication system were surveyed to determine the factors that would influence their decision to submit research reports to an electronic journal. The survey indicates that a majority of respondents would use an electronic journal to publish research reports and that most viewed publishing as a way to communicate about their work rather than a means for advancing in the field. The survey provides evidence that willingness to electronically publish decreased with higher occupational positions (from Masters student to Associate Professor) with this trend reversing itself at the level of Full Professor.
Interactive Machine Learning for Image Captioning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We propose an approach for interactive learning for an image captioning model. As human feedback is expensive and modern neural network based approaches often require large amounts of supervised data to be trained, we envision a system that exploits human feedback as good as possible by multiplying the feedback using data augmentation methods, and integrating the resulting training examples into the model in a smart way. This approach has three key components, for which we need to find suitable practical implementations: feedback collection, data augmentation, and model update. We outline our idea and review different possibilities to address these tasks.
[A case of immunodependent Kaposi's sarcoma against a background of glucocorticoid treatment].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A patient with bullous pemphigoid has developed immunodependent Kaposi's sarcoma during immunosuppressant therapy. It may be supposed that the initial manifestations of Kaposi's sarcoma developed in the gastrointestinal tract, inducing the development of bullous pemphigoid in the presence of massive immunosuppressant therapy.
Deficiency of IgG Subclasses in Mothers of Infants with Group B Streptococcal Septicemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Serum IgG subclasses were studied in 19 mothers of infants with serious infections caused by group B streptococci (GBS) and compared with a control group of 20 mothers of healthy infants. 13 of 19 mothers showed decreased subclass levels: 10 of 19 low IgG2, 9 of 19 low IgG1 and 4 of 19 low IgG3. The levels of IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 were significantly lower among mothers of GBS-infected infants than among the controls. Thus, there is indirect evidence that the infants were immunodeficient at birth.
[Mechanism of change in vasomotor sympathetic activity after stimulation of various amygdaloid structures].

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The influence of low- and high-frequency stimulation of cortico-medial, baso-lateral and central nuclei of the amygdala was studied in anesthetized cats by means of recording arterial blood pressure and electrical activity of the amygdala. The induced vasomotor effects were compared with the effect of hypothalamic stimulation. The low-frequency stimulation of all amygdaloid nuclei induced depressor reactions, while the high-frequency stimulation of the same areas induced an obvious pressure response. The pressure effect, however, was less obvious and of shorter duration as compared with the hypothalamic pressure responses. No correlation was found between electrical seizure discharges and blood pressure reactions to the low- and high-frequency stimulation. Mechanisms of reversal of vasomotor responses to stimulation of amygdala, diffuse organization of amygdaloid sympathoactivating mechanisms, and amygdaloid mechanisms of vasomotor regulation, are discussed.
KI/K2S2O8-Mediated α-C–H Sulfenylation of Carbonyl Compounds with (Hetero)Aryl Thiols

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new and facile KI/K2S2O8-mediated α-C–H sulfenylation of carbonyl compounds with (hetero)aryl thiols was developed for the formation of C–S bond at room temperature. This method provided a simple process for the synthesis of β-keto thioethers in moderate to excellent yields. A variety of carbonyl compounds and (hetero)aryl thiols were tolerated in this reaction.
The soil seed bank of a montane meadow: consequences of conifer encroachment and implications for restoration

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

We examined changes in the soil seed bank associated with conifer encroachment of montane meadows in the western Cascade Range of Oregon. We asked whether, and over what period of time, meadow species maintain viable seeds in the soil, and by implication, whether the seed bank can contribute to restoration if conifers are removed. Seed bank composition, ground vegetation, and forest age structure were quantified for 209 samples representing a chronosequence of open meadow, young forest (<75 years), and old forest (95 to >200 years). The seed bank was substantial (44 taxa and 2332 germinants/m 2 ), but dominated by native ruderals (16 species comprising 71% of germinants). Greater than 70% of meadow species were absent from the seed bank. Thirteen meadow species accounted for 21% of all germinants, but most of these were the dominant sedge, Carex pensylvanica Lam.. Seed density, richness, and composition showed weak relationships to forest age, and little resemblance to the ground vegetation, which changed markedly with forest development. Our results suggest that there is limited potential for recovery of most meadow species via the seed bank. Natural reestablishment of these species will require seed dispersal or gradual vegetative spread from existing openings, but competitive interactions with ruderal or forest species may limit recruitment or recovery.
Effects of increased ambient temperature and supplemental altrenogest before pregnancy establishment in gilts

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract Heat stress (HS) mitigation strategies are critically needed to combat the substantial economic effects on animal agriculture. The manifestations of seasonal infertility include delayed puberty onset, reduced conception rates, decreased litter size, and increased wean to estrus interval. To assess the effects of HS during early gestation and evaluate the benefit of supplemental altrenogest (ALT) as a mitigation strategy, 30 crossbred postpubertal gilts (157 ± 11 kg body weight) were subjected to estrous synchronization via 14 d oral administration of ALT. Artificial insemination during estrus was performed, and gilts were then placed into one of four treatment groups: HS (35 ± 1 °C for 12 h/31.60 ± 1 °C for 12 h) with (HSALT, n = 7) or without (HSCON, n = 7) 15 mg/d ALT supplementation or thermal neutral (TN; 20 ± 1 °C) conditions with (TNALT, n = 8) or without (TNCON, n = 8) 15 mg/d ALT supplementation until 12 d post-estrus (dpe). Administrating ALT occurred at 0600 hours from 3 to 12 dpe, and rectal temperatures (TR) and respiration rates (RR) were recorded. Blood was collected via jugular venipuncture on 0, 4, 8, and 12 dpe. Gilts were euthanized humanely at 12 dpe followed by the collection of ovarian tissue, and uterine flushing for conceptus collection. In HS compared with TN gilts, RR and TR were increased (P &lt; 0.01) but unaffected by ALT supplementation. Feed intake was reduced (P &lt; 0.01) by HS but unaltered by the ALT treatment. Corpora lutea (CL) weight was reduced (P &lt; 0.01) in HSCON gilts when compared with TNCON and HSALT gilts despite progesterone concentrations in serum and luteal tissue not being affected by treatment (P ≥ 0.10). CL diameter was reduced (P ≤ 0.05) in HSALT gilts compared with other treatments. Interleukin-1β (IL1B) uterine flush concentration was not affected (P &gt; 0.20) by environment or ALT supplementation, although moderate (P = 0.06) interaction between environment and ALT existed, as IL1B concentration in TNALT was increased (P = 0.03) compared with TNCON gilts. While environment did not affect conceptus development (P = 0.90), ALT supplementation advanced conceptus elongation (P &lt; 0.01). Collectively, these data demonstrate that HS may affect luteal development before pregnancy establishment, and ALT increases conceptus elongation by 12 dpe.
The Use of Ecolearn Website as Learning Resources to Improve Economic Learning Outcomes

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Technology is a factor that influences all sectors, one of which is education. Technology has a direct effect on the progress of education in the world. One of the media used in implementing classroom learning is the use of Google sites packaged in EcoLearn. the population of this study is grade XI of social sciences in Senior High School Laboratorium Universitas Negeri Malang. Sample on this study is 2 classes what treatment with Ecolearn website and the printed book material. In this study, we will look at the effectiveness in applying Ecolearn learning resources compared to other printed teaching materials. The data collection method is to use pre-test and post-test. The results showed that learning outcomes using Ecolearn were higher than using printed teaching materials. The results showed that the average gain score for Ecolearn was 74.3983% and the use of printed books was 42.4850%. The use of printed books does not mean that they are ineffective, but other factors that influence students in learning to use ecolearn technology are greater than learning to use ordinary printed books.
Coexistence of Paget disease and lung cancer - importance of patient management

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The coexistence of metabolic bone disease, such as Paget disease (PD) and malignant tumor is frequently described in patients with breast, prostate, lung, lymphoproliferative, colorectal, and renal neoplasms. Indeed, when evaluating cancer patients, there may be diagnostic dilemma of interpreting some changes in bone involvement, whether they are malignant or metabolic changes, since some radiological features of metabolic bone disease can mimic those of bone metastases. Case Presentation: We report a case of 55-year-old male patient, with diagnosed lung adenocarcinoma, referred to the Nuclear Medicine Department for a bone scintigraphy (BS), for evaluation of presented bone metastasis. The Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computer tomography (CT) scan revealed intensive metabolic accumulation of the radiotracer in cervical vertebra C7, and thoracic vertebra Th1, Th6, Th11, Th12, as well as lumbar vertebra L4, L5, left sacroiliac joint, both iliac and pubic bones and left proximal femur. The FDG PET/CT showed diffuse, but mildly increased uptake in Th6, Th11, L4, L5 and pelvic bones (SUV max = 3.3). The CT revealed destruction of Th11 body with compression fracture. Diagnosis of PD was made based on the findings of BS and PET/CT and further confirmed on bone biopsy and the patient was started with bisphosphonate therapy. Conclusion: BS and SPECT/CT are of great importance in accurate detection of incidental PD in patients with lung cancer.
A Physics-Inspired and Data-Driven Approach for Temperature-Based Condition Monitoring

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

System overheating is a common problem in electric equipment, as degradation of contacts lead to an increase in Ohmic resistance and increased thermal losses. Temperature measurements are widely employed to monitor a device's health status, to estimate its remaining useful life, and to inform maintenance strategies. An issue that is special to electrical distribution networks is the varying heating power, which is in turn due to changes in the current. This results in varying temperatures, which in addition can often be delayed compared to the currents. Simple threshold-based diagnostics approaches are therefore not reliable for detecting faults in contacts. It is common to analyze the thermal behavior of electric devices using thermal networks, for both design and diagnostic purposes. Unfortunately, identifying the parameters of thermal networks from measured temperature data is a challenging problem, mainly due to identifiability issues and to numerical instabilities in parameter estimation. We propose an alternative data-driven strategy to compute the state-of-health of electrical devices which does not resort to thermal networks. Our approach consists in informing physics-based reduced models of the thermal response with sensor data. We show that our method is linked to the thermal network approach but avoids the full identification of the system, leading to better stability as well as less computational effort in the determination of its parameters. Rigorous testing with synthetic and experimental data confirms the efficacy of our methodology.
Aquatic hyphomycete assemblages of Abies sachalinensis leaf litter immersed in a stream in Hokkaido, Japan

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACTAquatic hyphomycetes are key decomposers of plant-litter in freshwater environments. Previous studies have shown that conifer needles are colonized less frequently by aquatic hyphomycetes than broad-leaf species. Sakhalin fir (Abies sachalinensis) is the most common coniferous tree species planted for timber production in Hokkaido, Japan. Herein, we investigated aquatic hyphomycete assemblages involving Sakhalin fir needle litter and compared them with those of broad-leaf tree species, including Japanese oak (Quercus crispula) and Japanese linden (Tilia japonica), during immersion in a stream. Seventy percent of the total fungal species observed in fir needles were also observed in broad-leaf litter. However, the structure of the aquatic hyphomycete assemblages differed between the fir and two broad-leaf species, especially in the middle to late stages of the immersion period. The increase in species number and conidia number in fir needles was slower than that in oak leaves in the early stages of the immersion period. However, they continued to increase rapidly relative to the broad-leaf tree litter during the middle stages of the immersion period. These results suggest that fir needle litter was not difficult for aquatic hyphomycetes to colonize in the middle to late stages of the immersion period.KEYWORDS: Aquatic fungiconifer litterSakhalin firfreshwaterfungal assemblage Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13416979.2023.2265113Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Mitsui & Co., Ltd. Environment Fund, and JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP25252030.
A PATO-compliant zebrafish screening database (MODB): management of morpholino knockdown screen information-1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Copyright information:Taken from "A PATO-compliant zebrafish screening database (MODB): management of morpholino knockdown screen information"http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/9/7BMC Bioinformatics 2008;9():7-7.Published online 7 Jan 2008PMCID:PMC2221974.ly evolving. Defect names are being used to maintain some consistency but are rooted in PATO designations via a translation table. When no PATO term exists to adequately describe the defect observed, a proposed term is submitted to NCBO via ZFIN.
Comparative study of vitamin D levels in children with autism spectrum disorder and normal children: A case-control study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a group of neuro-developmental disorders with a genetic/environmental origin. Recently, vitamin D deficiency is considered as a possible risk factor in ASD development. This study aims to compare the vitamin D serum level in children with and without autism spectrum disorder. Â Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 13 children (3 to 12 years old) referred to the outpatient clinic of Ibn-e-Sina psychiatric hospital in Mashhad in 2014 who received the diagnosis of ASDÂ based on clinical interview according to DSM-IV by child and adolescent psychiatrist and score â�¥30 in Childhood Autism Rating Scale were selected as the case group. Other axis I psychiatric disorders were ruled out. These children were divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups. 14 normal children without any medical or psychiatric disorders who were matched in age and sex with ASD children were selected as control group. Vitamin D serum levels were measured in the two groups through ELIZA technique. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, through descriptive statistics, Kolmogrov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney and Pearson tests. Â Results: The mean vitamin D level in case group was 13.00 (distance between quartile: 9.6-19.5) and in control group was 12.00 (distance between quartile: 4.9-13.2). The difference between the two groups was not significant (P=0.350). Also, vitamin D serum levels had no significant relationship with the severity of ASD (P=0.534). Â Conclusion: Based on the results, the serum levels of vitamin D in children with and without ASD have not any significant difference and the level of this vitamin has not significant relation with the severity of ASD.