jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Carcinogenicity of the environmental pollutants cyclopenteno-(cd) pyrene and cyclopentano(cd)pyrene in mouse skin

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cyclopenteno[cd]pyrene (CPEP) is a widespread environmental pollutant. This hydrocarbon and its 3,4-dihydro derivative, cyclopentano[cd]pyrene (CPAP), were tested on skin in a two-stage initiation-promotion experiment in CD-1 mice and by repeated application in Swiss mice. The biological effect of CPEP and CPAP was compared to that of benzo[a]-pyrene (BP). Nine-week-old female CD-1 mice in groups of 30 were treated every other day over a 20-day period at mini-dose levels of 0.18, 0.06 and 0.02 mumol of CPEP or CPAP in acetone. One group was treated with BP at the low mini-dose level. Initiation was followed by twice weekly application of tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate for 40 weeks. In the second experiments, nine-week-old female Swiss mice in groups of 30 were treated at dose levels of 1.8, 0.6 and 0.2 mumol CPEP or CPAP in acetone twice weekly for 30 weeks. One group was treated with BP at the low dose. CPAP was virtually inactive in both studies. In the initiation-promotion experiment CPEP was inactive at the low dose level, whereas BP exhibited significant tumorigenicity. At the medium and high doses CPEP showed weak, but statistically insignificant, tumorigenic activity. Repeated application of CPEP at the high, medium and low doses resulted in tumor incidences of 23, 37 and 57%, respectively. This reverse dose-response may be due to the relatively high cytotoxicity of CPEP, BP, which was compared to CPEP at the low dose, elicited tumors in 100% of the mice. Most of the CPEP-induced neoplasms were malignant and some metastasized to lungs and lymph nodes. The inactivity of CPAP suggests the carcinogenicity of CPEP is probably due to formation of the ultimate metabolite CPEP 3,4-oxide. In view of the abundance of CPEP in environmental and occupational pollutants, its moderately potent carcinogenicity may represent a potential health hazard.
How to manage recurrent infections involved with lymphangioma?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Infection is a common complication in lymphatic malformations (LMs)/lymphangiomas. An infected LM is typically tense, warm, erythematous, and painful, and there may be systemic signs of toxicity. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) is the most consistent and highly sensitive abnormal laboratory finding in infective episodes. For patients with recurrent infection, broad-spectrum antibiotics may be chosen as first-line treatment. Often these infections cannot be controlled by oral antibiotics; the patients always need to be hospitalized for intravenous therapy. Longer antibiotic courses of several weeks to prevent recurrent infection are recommended. It is also very important to manage the LM lesion after the infection is controlled. Sclerotherapy would be the first choice to treat the LM lesion in general, but based on the extent of the lesion, location, and relation to important anatomical structures, surgery can be the treatment of choice in certain cases.
Acute Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise on Pain Level, Functionality, and Rating of Exertion of Elderly Obese Knee Osteoarthritis Individuals: A Randomized Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Among chronic diseases, knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a joint disease that causes important progressive alterations in the articular and periarticular structures, including synovial inflammation. Exercise has been suggested as an intervention to KOA individuals, and studies suggest that whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise decreases pain levels and favours the functionality of KOA individuals. Objective: The aim of the present study is to analyze the acute effects of WBV exercise on pain levels, functionality (Timed Up and Go (TUG test), anterior trunk flexion (ATF)), and rating of exertion of elderly obese KOA individuals. Methods: Thirty-seven individuals with KOA were allocated to a WBV exercise group (WBVEG), n = 19 (15 females/4 males), and a control group (CG), n = 18 (15 females/3 males). WBVEG performed one session of WBV exercise (11 min, using 5 Hz, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm, 0.12, 0.25, and 0.37 g). Three bouts were performed (working time of 3 min and rest time of 1 min) using a side-alternating vibrating platform (VP). The same position was used in CG; however, the VP was turned off and there was equipment coupled to the VP that emitted a sound like the vibrations. The pain level was evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS). Functionality was evaluated with a TUG test and ATF. The rating of subjectively perceived exertion was measured with the category ratio CR-10 (BORG Scale CR-10), Results: A reduction of pain levels in WBVEG after the intervention (p = 0.001) and intergroups (p = 0.041) was found. A decrease of TUG test time in both groups (p = 0.001) and intergroups (p = 0.045) was found, while no statistical changes were observed in the Borg Scale score. Significant improvements of flexibility in both groups (p = 0.001) and intergroups (p = 0.043) were found. Conclusion: One session of WBV exercise can lead to important improvements in individuals with KOA, possibly triggered by physiological responses. However, more studies are needed, in this clinical context, to confirm these results.
The Influence of Sociodemographic Characteristics and the Experience of Recreational Divers on the Preference for Diving Sites

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Understanding the preferences of scuba divers is crucial for authorities to establish appropriate management plans and for service providers to offer a wide range of recreation opportunities to promote long-term industrial sustainability. This study categorized diving preferences into two subgroups (physical and biological) to explore the association between diving preferences and divers’ sociodemographic characteristics, as well as diving experiences through multiple regression analysis. Questionnaire surveys were administered, with 398 completed responses successfully collected from diving hotspots in Hong Kong. Results revealed that divers’ sociodemographic status, particularly monthly salary, could affect their physical and biological preferences. Meanwhile, divers’ diving experience was found to be a significant predictor in figuring out their biological preferences. However, no relationship between diving experience and physical preference was identified in this study. These results could inform management authorities in implementing ecological and environmental protection because biological conditions are considered the most attractive motivation for divers to dive in Hong Kong. Similarly, these results may help managers better understand divers’ recreation needs based on different sociodemographic characteristics and diving experiences to create diverse recreation opportunities while enhancing their satisfaction by avoiding the negative impacts associated with identified preference attributes.
POSSESSIVE CHOICE IN SPEECH PRACTICE OF CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AND SCHOOL AGE (ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF THE LINGUISTIC EXPERIMENT)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article analyzes the data obtained in the course of a linguistic experiment conducted in Omsk kindergartens and schools in order to identify language preferences among children when they are faced with the choice between three types of attributive constructions that express possessive relationships. These relationships have the following means of expression in the Russian language: 1) noun in the genitive case with the preposition and without it, 2) pronoun, 3) adjective. The study showed that tested children preferred nouns in the genitive case in all situations, which corresponds to typical practice of adult speech. If children used an adjective, it was typically possessive, which is determined by their specificity: They are used to denote individual belonging. The respondents preferred morphemes -ин-/-ын- out of the variety of suffixes of possessive adjectives which demonstrates unquestionable productivity of this derivational type. The analysis of language preferences, which depend on the age and sex of respondents showed surprising specificity in the use of possessive adjectives: At the age of five, both boys and girls used them much more often in their responses than boys and girls of fifteen.
Multi-Timescale Reactive Power Optimization and Regulation Method for Distribution Networks Under Multisource Interaction Environment

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

In the context of constructing new power systems, distribution networks are increasingly incorporating distributed resources such as distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems, decentralized wind turbines (WT), and new types of energy storage system (ESS), which may lead to prominent issues such as voltage overruns and reverse heavy overloads in the distribution network. While distributed resources are valuable for voltage regulation, their regulation characteristics vary with their operation means, and the randomness and volatility of renewable power generation will also influence the optimization and regulation of voltage in the distribution network. This paper proposes a multi-time scale reactive power optimization and regulation method for distribution networks in a multi-source interactive environment. Firstly, the voltage regulation characteristics of distributed PV systems, decentralized ES, and distributed WT are analyzed. Based on this analysis, then a multi-time scale voltage optimization scheme for distribution networks using MPC method is proposed, which optimizes the voltage regulation strategies for each distributed resource in a rolling manner. Furthermore, an event-triggered real-time voltage zoning control strategy based on voltage sensitivity is proposed to address the real-time sudden voltage overlimit problems. The modified IEEE 33-node system is used to verify the performance of proposed method, simulation results indicate that the issue of voltage overruns at distribution network nodes has been improved, and the intraday rolling optimization yields results that are more realistic compared to the day-ahead optimization method.
Incidence of back pain in people practicing amateur horse riding

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction. While riding a horse, proper seat requires the trunk positioning so that the rider's centre of gravity overlaps with the horse's centre of gravity. Seat errors can lead to repeated and cumulative spinal overloads. The aim of the study was to analyse the incidence of back pain in people who practice amateur horse riding. Material and methods. The study involved 88 people aged 40-45 years, associated in equestrian centers. The research tool was the author's questionnaire, Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Oswestry Distability Index (ODI). The collected research results were analysed with the use of Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results. Statistically significant relationships were found between the incidence of pain location and gender (p = 0.001), and also between between the gender and the opinion on the need to use physiotherapy in case of back problems (p = 0.049). Conclusions. Women report pain in the lumbar and thoracic spine more frequently, while men report pain in the cervical section and entire spine. Women in a greater percentage than men believe that people who practice horse riding as an amateur should attend physiotherapy in case of pain.
Exploring the Diurnal Dynamics Mechanism of the Cold Island Effect in Urban Parks of Island Cities: A Three-Dimensional Spatial Morphology Perspective

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Urban parks play a crucial role in mitigating urban heat stress and maintaining ecological stability through their cold island effect (PCIE). However, studies examining how multidimensional urban morphology influences these effects, particularly from a diurnal perspective in island cities, remain limited. This study investigates 30 representative urban parks within a typical island city, exploring how two-dimensional and three-dimensional spatial morphological factors affect four key PCIE indicators: park cooling intensity (PCI), park cooling gradient (PCG), park cooling area (PCA) and park cooling efficiency (PCE) across different times of day and night. The results reveal that: (1) coastal zones exhibit significantly lower land surface temperature (LST) than inland zones, with peak LST occurring at 5:00 p.m.; (2) the four cold island indicators follow a diurnal pattern of 5:00 p.m. > 1:00 a.m. > 7:00 a.m.; (3) morphological construction factors—such as building density (BD) and built-up proportion (BP)—positively contribute to cooling effects at 7:00 a.m., while park perimeter (PP) enhances cooling performance at both 5:00 p.m. and 1:00 a.m. Additionally, vegetation characteristics surrounding parks, including the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and green space proportion (GP), influence daytime cooling in directions opposite to those of the aforementioned construction-related factors. These findings offer valuable insights into the temporal dynamics and spatial determinants of urban park cooling in island cities, providing a scientific basis for scientifically informed park planning and contributing to healthier and more sustainable urban development.
The Political Economy of AIDS Among Drug Users in the United States: Beyond Blaming the Victim or Powerful Others

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In AIDS research, political economy commonly refers to the holistic description of the contexts in which HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is transmitted as well as to a political strategy for redirecting blame from victims to powerful others. This article suggests that a more fully developed political-economic theory should undertake a Marxism-inspired reexamination of the principles of social reproduction through which human relationships are created in capitalist cosmology.
Seasonal Patterns of Common Respiratory Viral Infections in Immunocompetent and Immunosuppressed Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Several respiratory viruses have been shown to have seasonal patterns. The aim of our study was to evaluate and compare these patterns in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients for five different respiratory viruses. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of results for 13,591 respiratory tract samples for human metapneumovirus (HMPV), influenza virus, parainfluenza virus (PIV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients. A seasonal pattern was aligned to the data of immunocompetent patients through a logistic regression model of positive and negative test results. Results: A narrow seasonal pattern (January to March) was documented for HMPV. Most RSV infections were detected in the winter and early spring months, from December to March, but occasional cases of RSV could be found throughout the year. The peak season for PIV-3 was during the summer months, and that for PIV-4 was mostly in autumn. A narrow seasonal pattern emerged for influenza virus as most infections were detected in the winter, in January and February. The seasonal patterns of HMPV, RSV, PIV, and influenza virus were similar for both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Conclusions: We found no difference in the seasonality of HMPV, RSV, PIV, and influenza virus infections between immunosuppressed and immunocompetent hosts.
Solidification theory for concrete creep

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT: A new physical theory and constitutive model for the effects of long-term aging and drying on concrete creep are proposed. The previously proposed solidification theory, in which the aging is explained and modeled by the volume growth (into the pores of hardened portland cement paste) of a nonaging viscoelastic constituent (cement gel), cannot explain long-term aging because the volume growth of the hydration products is too short-lived. The paper presents an improvement of the solidification theory in which the viscosity of the flow term of the compliance function is a function of a tensile microprestress carried by the bonds and bridges crossing the micropores (gel pores) in the hardened cement gel. The microprestress is generated by the disjoining pressure of the hindered adsorbed water in the micro pores and by very large and highly localized volume changes caused by hydration or drying. The long-term creep, deviatoric as well as volumetric, is assumed to originate from viscous shear slips between the opposite walls of the micropores in which the bonds or bridges that cross the micropores (and transmit the microprestress) break and reform. The long-term aging exhibited by the flow term in the creep model is caused by relaxation of the tensile microprestress transverse to the slip plane. The Pickett effect (drying creep) is caused by changes of the microprestress balancing the changes in the disjoining pressure, which in tum are engendered by changes of the relative humidity in the capillary pores. Numerical implementation, application, and comparison with test data is relegated to a companion paper that follows in this issue.
Ventricular Septal Rupture Complicating Acute Myocardial Infarction: Rare and Fatal

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The Ventricular septal rupture (VSR) after acute myocardial infarction is a rare complication.However, the prognosis is improved by early revascularization.But, the mortality is high in country in development.Through this work, we report a case of two ischemic VSR in adult patient of 64 years old, complicated by acute heart failure, with favorable evolution after medical stabilization and surgical suture.
[A case of cutaneous malignant melanoma metastatic to the choroid].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A case of metastasis of cutaneous malignant melanoma to the choroid was reported. The patient, a 61-year-old man, had undergone an amputation of his right first finger 3 years ago due to cutaneous malignant melanoma. Ophthalmoscopic examination revealed a whitish yellow elevated choroidal lesion and serous retinal detachment in the left eye. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated multiple pinpoint leaks in the early phase and progressive pooling of dye into the subretinal space in the late phase. In magnetic resonance imaging, the tumor showed a hyperintense image in both T1 and T2-weighted images. Autopsy was performed and histopathological examination of the eye showed that the tumor cells were polygonal in shape, and had round or oval nuclei, but the cytoplasms had little melanin pigment. Immunohistochemistry for S-100 and HMB-45 antibody showed positive staining in choroidal tumor and other metastatic lesions, indicating that they were metastatic tumors from cutaneous malignant melanoma (amelanotic melanoma cells).
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Neuroblastoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Neuroblastoma can originate from any site in the sympathetic nervous system, presenting as a mass in the abdomen, mediastinum, neck, or pelvis. Prompt administration of chemotherapy appears to be effective for treating intraspinal neuroblastoma, and it may avoid some of the long-term sequelae associated with either radiation or surgical resection and laminectomy. Neuroblastomas may be diploid or hyperdiploid, and chromosomal content by measurement of DNA index has established that near-diploid DNA content is less favorable and associated with other adverse prognostic markers. Therapy for high-risk neuroblastoma is currently divided into three phases: intensive induction treatment, marrow ablative therapy, and management of minimal residual disease (MRD). Very high-dose myeloablative therapy may be used to try to overcome residual and potentially resistant tumor and is followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Tandem transplantation uses repetitive high-dose therapies followed by HCT to provide further increases in dose intensity.
A Walk on the Wild Side: Church and Identity beyond Humanism

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Western culture romanticizes wildness even as it fears the destruction of our humanity by all that is bestial, savage and unconstrained. Identity is constructed as a supposedly pure, bounded and sovereign force, constantly fascinated and repelled by its animal others. The consequences of the church’s investment in this modern humanism are disparate, but united by a strange colonial logic, according to which the savage and the unnatural must be domesticated and incorporated into an empire of light. In the labelling of non-heterosexuals as ‘inhuman’ or ‘bestial’, complex links between the rhetoric of empire and resistance to that rhetoric are exposed. Appeals to African authenticity and liberal universalism are contextualized in postcolonial debates about securing human identity, debates in which the human/animal boundary becomes a key site of struggle. This paper asks what the church looks like if our obsession with a pure identity of the (Western or African) human is challenged in the context of debates about sexuality within the Anglican Communion. It is argued that the dynamic of Christian revelation works to throw such categories into confusion, to release liberating encounters with the ‘inhuman’ others within and beyond our invented boundaries. An inherently plural, multilingual and differentiated process of Christian community is proposed.
Transfection of human HCN2 gene into HEK293 cells by liposome method

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To create a model for studying ionic channels. Methods pcDNA3- hHCN2 was transfected with lipofectamine 2000 into HEK293 Cells.The expression of hHCN2 gene was detected by whole-cell patch clamp. Results Whole-cell patch clamp recorded ionic currents of HEK293 cells after transfected pcDNA3-hHCN2 three days later. Conclusion The technique is reliable and consistent, which will be helpful for studying the relationship between the structure and function of cloned ionic channels.