jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mothers’ Parenting styles and attitudes to food

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background: Eating disorders can be very complex. Even if apparently can seem characterized only by a bad relationship with food, can hide much more serious and often silent problems. The present study aimed to examine several factors that can contribute onset of the declared eating disorder, such as mothers parenting styles and the influence of socio-cultural factors, in children and pre-teens. Methods: 70 mothers (36 of children and 34 of pre-teens), had filled out some self-report relating to the perception of parenting style, socio-cultural influences on body image and eating disorders behavior. Results: In predicting eating behavior both parenting styles and socio-cultural factors had a crucial role, the first through dysfunctional behavioural patterns adopted by the mothers, the latter through the presentation of models unattainable and perfect. In addition, in according to our hypothesis, fear of becoming fat and concerns for food are already present in children and largely than pre-teens. Conclusions: This study contributes to the advancement of the literature on the combination of contextual factors in the eating disorders in children and pre-teens, highlighting the role played by mother dysfunctional parenting practices and the impact of the socio-cultural influences, as a source of information on ideal body.
Petrogenesis and Geodynamic Implications of the North Kudi Granitoids in the West Kunlun Orogen, NW China

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The petrogenesis of aluminous A-type granites is a contentious subject. Here, we focused on the North Kudi pluton in the Western Kunlun orogen to investigate the origin and magmatic processes responsible for generating A-type granites. Samples from the North Kudi pluton are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous. K-feldspar granite samples are characterized by high alkali and Cl contents, high HFSE concentrations and FeO/MgO, low F content, negative Ba, Sr, P, Eu, and Ti anomalies, and high magma temperature (>903 °C), showing affinity to aluminous A-type granites. However, their 10,000 × Ga/Al ratios (1.86–3.18) are relatively lower than typical A-type granites. Quartz-monzonite displays similar Sr–Nd isotopic compositions and Ga/Al ratios with the K-feldspar granite but less pronounced negative Sr, P, and Ti anomalies and no discernable negative Ba and Eu anomalies. Fractional crystallization of alkali-rich, Cl-rich, and F-poor magmas can generate some typical geochemical characteristics of A-type granites (e.g., negative Ba, Sr, P, and Eu anomalies) but has little influence on Ga/Al ratios. The enriched Sr–Nd isotopic compositions, high Cl and alkali contents, arc-like geochemical features, and the involvement of slab-derived components, as indicated by high zircon Ce4+/Ce3+ (up to 503), suggest that the North Kudi pluton was possibly derived from partial melting of the metasomatized lithospheric mantle in the time of asthenosphere upwelling during the post-collisional stage. The emplacement of the North Kudi pluton thus indicates the onset of the post-orogenic stage in the Western Kunlun orogen.
Theoretical study of Schottky-barrier formation at epitaxial rare-earth-metal/semiconductor interfaces

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present a detailed computational analysis of the atomic and electronic structure of ErAs/GaAs interfaces in polar and nonpolar crystallographic orientations. ErAs, a rocksalt semimetal, can be grown as a film with high-quality epitaxy on GaAs, a zinc-blende semiconductor. The As sublattice is continuous through the interface, providing a high-quality metal-semiconductor contact. We characterize the electronic structure of this interface using first-principles techniques based on density-functional theory. The Schottky barrier formed at the interface is highly sensitive to the interface orientation and the structural details. We deduce the primary mechanisms for Fermi-level pinning at specific energies within the band gap of the semiconductor.
Mega-analysis of Odds Ratio: A Convergent Method for a Deep Understanding of the Genetic Evidence in Schizophrenia

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Numerous high-throughput omics studies have been conducted in schizophrenia, providing an accumulated catalog of susceptible variants and genes. The results from these studies, however, are highly heterogeneous. The variants and genes nominated by different omics studies often have limited overlap with each other. There is thus a pressing need for integrative analysis to unify the different types of data and provide a convergent view of schizophrenia candidate genes (SZgenes). In this study, we collected a comprehensive, multidimensional dataset, including 7819 brain-expressed genes. The data hosted genome-wide association evidence in genetics (eg, genotyping data, copy number variations, de novo mutations), epigenetics, transcriptomics, and literature mining. We developed a method named mega-analysis of odds ratio (MegaOR) to prioritize SZgenes. Application of MegaOR in the multidimensional data resulted in consensus sets of SZgenes (up to 530), each enriched with dense, multidimensional evidence. We proved that these SZgenes had highly tissue-specific expression in brain and nerve and had intensive interactions that were significantly stronger than chance expectation. Furthermore, we found these SZgenes were involved in human brain development by showing strong spatiotemporal expression patterns; these characteristics were replicated in independent brain expression datasets. Finally, we found the SZgenes were enriched in critical functional gene sets involved in neuronal activities, ligand gated ion signaling, and fragile X mental retardation protein targets. In summary, MegaOR analysis reported consensus sets of SZgenes with enriched association evidence to schizophrenia, providing insights into the pathophysiology underlying schizophrenia.
Measuring the Impact of the Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) on Irrigation Efficiency and Water Conservation

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Since the passage of the 1996 Farm Act, the Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) has provided over $10 billion in technology adoption subsidies. One of the national conservation priorities in EQIP is water conservation, but it is not known how participation in EQIP by irrigators affects water application rates and decisions to expand or reduce a farm’s irrigated acreage. Using a farm-level panel data set drawn from three national samples of irrigators taken in 1998, 2003, and 2008, this study provides the first national scale econometric estimates of the changes in water application rates and irrigated acreage that result when a farm receives EQIP payments. Due to a five-fold increase in EQIP funding following the 2002 farm bill, the change in EQIP participation between 2008 and earlier years is largely the result of an exogenous policy shock. A difference-in-differences estimator that exploits this change in EQIP funding and also controls for unobserved farm-specific variables, suggests that for the average farm participating in EQIP between 2004 and 2008, the EQIP payments may have reduced water application rates but also may have increased total water use and led to an expansion in irrigated acreage. However, since EQIP participation is voluntary, there may still be a need to correct for bias due to sample selection. A nearest neighbor matching estimator finds no evidence of any statistically significant effect of EQIP participation on technology adoption rates, water use, water application rates or acreages, which suggests that there is a high degree of self-selection into the program.
Digital Banking : A Meta-Analysis Approach

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research paper attempted to study the behavioral intention adoption of prominent digital banking channels, such as mobile banking and wallets and online and telephone banking, in an international scenario. The behavioral intention adoption of mobile banking was studied through seven bivariate relationships: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, facilitating conditions, perceived security, cost, self-efficacy, and innovativeness in a global context, which have had a profound impact on the desire of people to adopt digital banking channels. The seven bivariate relationships were analyzed through a meta-analysis approach in a universal framework. The main findings were that location is a major contributor to heterogeneity in a comprehensive global framework. The main managerial implications of the paper are that the universal adoption of digital banking adoption is being significantly affected by location, and global strategists should, therefore, keep this constraint in mind while framing international policies and launching new digital products. Such products must appeal to the location to be successful. An important social link that the current research highlighted was that location has vital linkages with other social factors such as religion, caste, race, color, income, gender, education, family size, buying habits, and wealth, which need to be explored in detail for a better examination of the successful adoption of digital banking channels.
Impact of process and outcome quality on intention for continued use of voice assistants

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose This paper aims to understand how the perceived usefulness of voice assistants (VAs) is affected by the perceived quality of the process (interaction) and the outcome (information). The authors also aim to determine the extent to which the perceived usefulness of VAs improves the perceived privacy associated with their use and increases users’ intention to continue using them. Consumer technology innovativeness is included as a personal trait moderator, to compare the results between tech and nontech innovators. For this purpose, the authors use the framework of the uses and gratifications theory (U&GT). Design/methodology/approach A survey of 467 VA users was conducted and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. Findings The authors identify two main determinants of the perceived usefulness of VAs that influence users’ intention to continue using this technology, process quality and outcome quality. These two factors influence the continued use of VAs in different ways depending on the technology innovativeness of the consumers. The results show that tech innovators are oriented toward the interactive experience, and therefore, mainly value the process quality. In addition, nontech innovators are oriented toward a satisfactory response from VAs, and therefore, primarily value the outcome quality. In addition, the positive effect of perceived usefulness on perceived privacy is higher for tech innovators. Originality/value This study enhances the literature on the perceived usefulness of VAs within the framework of U&GT. It identifies two antecedents (process quality and outcome quality) of perceived usefulness and observes significant differences based on technological innovativeness.
Well-bounded operators

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This thesis is primarily concerned with the structure theory of well-bounded operators and the relationships between various classes of well-bounded operators and prespectral operators. In chapter I, we follow Ringrose (11) to discuss well-bounded operators a non-reflexive Banach space, X. It turns out that well-boundedness of T∈L(X) is equivalent to the existence of a family of projections {E(t): t∈R} on X*, called the decomposition of the identity for T, satisfying certain natural properties and such that = b - a dt (x?X, x*∈ x*). In this case, the family {E(t): t∈R} is not necessarily unique, and a necessary and sufficient condition for its uniqueness is given. In chapter II and III, we discuss three subclasses of well-bounded operators. These are well-bounded operators decomposable in X and well-bounded operators of type (A) and type (B). The main results are that if T is a well-bounded operator decomposable in X then it is uniquely decomposable and that if T is a well-bounded operator of type (A), the algebra homomorphism from AC(J) into L(X) can be extended to an algebra homomorphism from NEV(J) into L(X). We also give some examples in the last section. In chapter III, we follow Spain (14) to use an elementary integration theory to establish directly the characterisation of the type (B) operators. (Theorem III.4.3). We also show that if T is a well-bounded operator of type (B) and {F*(t): t∈R} is the unique decomposition of the identity for T, then for f∈AC(J), we have f(T) = ∫a-bf(t) dF(t) where the integral exists as a strong limit of Riemann sums. Moreover, F(s) - F(s-) is a projection on X onto {x : Tx = sx} and the residual spectrum of T is empty. In the fourth and final chapter, we prove some results concerning relationship between various classes of well-bounded operators and prespectral operations. The main, results are that an adjoint of an operator T∈L(X) with 6(T) CR is a scalar-type operator of class X if and only if T is well-bounded with a decomposition of the identity of bounded variation and that a well-bounded spectral operator is a scalar-type spectral operator and of type (B). Moreover, a well-bounded prespectral operator which is decomposable in X is a scalar-type operator. Finally, we give a counter-example showing that there is a well-bounded operator of type (B) which is not a scalar-type spectral operator.
Dataset describing soil sheeting properties produced by termites sampled in 21 countries from 2015 to 2020

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Dataset describing sheeting properties made by termites (names, and feeding and building categories are given) sampled in 34 study sites, including M-Tropics observatories, from 19 countries. Data coming from 15 published studies are also given, for a total of 49 sites and 21 countries. The dataset include the locations (site names, countries, GPS coordinates, mean annual precipitations ‚MAP‘) and soil properties (electrical conductivity in µS cm-1, pH, C content in %, soil aggregate stability (in % aggregates > 200 µm) and sand, silt and clay contents in %) of termite sheetings and the surrounding topsoil. The Response ratio (R = Value of termite sheeting / Value oft he bulk soil) is also given for each variable. Files include the whole dataset (n = 249 observations) and the average per species and study site (n = 84 observations).
An evaluation of aerodynamics performance of a moving car with wind turbine system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study presents a simulation result of an evaluation of the aerodynamic \nperformance of a moving car with a wind turbine system. Sedan type cars \n(approaching the size of Proton Wira car) were modeled using the SolidWork \nsoftware and simulation was done by ANSYS FLUENT software. Three car models \nwith different wind turbine system positions (in front of the front bumper, on top of \nthe hood and on top of the roof) plus one model without the wind turbine system \nwere simulated. The study proved that the position of the wind turbine system \ninstallation will change the characteristic of the air flow around the car body and \naffects the aerodynamic performance of the car. Extended front bumper of a car is \nnot significantly affecting the aerodynamics performance of the car. This extended \nbumper seems to be the suitable area to install a wind turbine system and the \ninvestigation shows that the aerodynamics performance of the car improved due to \nthe lower drag coefficient, Cd. Optimum power generation will be based upon the \namount of air velocity the duct system create in order to rotate the blades.
Assessing Public Water Management Efficiency in North-western Mexico with a Two-stage Bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis Model

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose: Mexico faces severe water availability problems, resulting in higher stress on its distribution in many states. To resolve the increasing water demand, it is essential to evaluate public water management to ensure the success of any decision-making policies to decrease the water pressure in the country. Methodology/Approach: For water management systems, benchmarking their performance relative to others can be an appropriate way to identify possible improvements. Using data from the National Census for drinking water and sanitation in 109 municipalities in the northwest region of Mexico, this analysis aims to evaluate the water management efficiency based on a two-stage Bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis model with intermediate variables. Findings: The study found average efficiency in water system management but very low efficiency in system improvements. Additionally, no relationship was identified between the two stages or population size and density. Research Limitation/Implication: The study highlights the need for transparent water policies to address the country's shortage. Adjusting municipal public water system management operations and designing future strategic planning is essential. Originality/Value of paper: The presented analysis investigates a relationship between water management and water system improvements.
Social work and sustainable development: an exploratory study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Sustainable development aims at improving human well-being, particularly by alleviating poverty, increasing gender equality, and improving health, human resources, and stewardship of the natural environment. Sustainable development is based on three pillars, namely, environmental protection and social progress and economic development. This study intended to contribute to sustainable development in the area of developmental social work practice by addressing the issues of new conceptualisations of social work practice, and in particular of intervention strategies, within the paradigm of sustainable social work practice. The purpose of this study was to explore and construct a foundation of general perceptions and tentative theories with regard to sustainable development and the position and value of the social work profession within the sustainable development paradigm. The goal of this research study was to explore current social work practice with regard to sustainable development and identify new challenges and opportunities for sustainable social work practice in the changing South Africa. The researcher utilised focus group discussions as a method of generating data and an exploratory research purpose as little is known about the topic of investigation and the utilization of focus groups are particularly useful in its ability to explore the topic. This study was a process of discovery and not the testing of a hypothesis. The researcher entered the realm of the participants’ everyday experience and through conversation extracted detailed descriptions of their perceptions, ideas and concerns. In this qualitative research the emphasis was on understanding the experiences, attitudes, assumptions and perspectives of the participants. The instrumental case study was used to provide insight into sustainable development as a new paradigm within the social welfare field and to discover the issues and challenges faced by the social work profession as it pertained to sustainable development. The data was organised around emerging themes and subsequently examined in relation to the literature. Based on the findings and conclusions drawn, the following recommendations were made: - The social work profession needs an information-sharing platform. - Collaboration and cooperation are crucial components in the process of sustainable development. - Social work practitioners have to become self-directed and lifelong learners who will be able to adapt to the changing circumstances in society. - Social work practitioners need to develop creative strategies within a multidisciplinary approach to address the issues of poverty, underdevelopment and unemployment in a sustainable manner. - Social work practitioners need to actively contribute to processes and structures that support the delivery of adult literacy and skills training efforts. - Social work practitioners need to explore ways and means of facilitating economic opportunities by addressing the obstacles and/or regulations that prevent people from accessing available markets.
Cephalosporin-sensitive penicillin-binding proteins of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis active in the conversion of [14C]penicillin G to [14C]phenylacetylglycine.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Breakdown of the covalent complex formed between [14C]penicillin G and higher molecular weight, cephalosporin-sensitive penicillin-binding proteins was studied using mixtures of the purified proteins isolated from membranes of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. These penicillin-binding proteins were found to release the bound 14C label in a first order process characterized by half-lives of 10 to 300 min at 37 degrees C. Denaturation of the penicilloyl.penicillin-binding proctein complex prevented this release, indicating that the process is enzyme-catalyzed. [14C]Phenylacetylglycine was identified as the major labeled fragmentation product, indicating that these cephalosporin-sensitive penicillin-binding proteins, for which no in vitro transpeptidase or carboxypeptidase activity has been found, catalyze the same fragmentation of the bound penicilloyl moiety previously described for several penicillin-sensitive D-alanine carboxypeptidases.
Agility and the transition from uncertainty to recovery: the Indian IT industry and COVID-19

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper reports a study of how the Indian IT industry navigated the COVID-19 pandemic. Agility emerged as the crucial determining factor aiding the industry’s successful survival. IT organisations’ agility, facilitated by the state’s response to the pandemic and by both their anticipation of the lockdown and their technological capabilities, helped them overcome the crisis. The slowdown forced firms to downsize, reduce bench strength, freeze wages and intensify work, while deferring client payments. When the economy recovered, high attrition, termed ‘The Great Resignation’, forced employers to increase wages. Employers were unable to compel employees to return to the office, despite facing issues relating to organisational culture, data security and moonlighting. Remote working helped employees maintain work–life balance and save on cost of living, forcing employers to provide a hybrid option.