jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The co-evolution of communities of practice and knowledge management in organizations

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The objective of this study is to provide a deeper understanding into the innovative approaches used in organizations to bridge the extensive gap between the general prescriptions of KM literature with actual initiatives formed in practice, revealing that what literature currently prescribes does not necessarily provide the organization with easier KM implementation. In particular, the notion of communities of practice (COPs) has received much popularity in literature, but little empirical evidence exists to demonstrate its actual application as a constitutive element of organizational KM agendas. A case study at National Computer Systems Pte Ltd (NCS) unearths the challenges in structuring, facilitating and assimilating both existing and new COPs into organizational KM agendas. Several important findings emerge from this study, including: (1) the co-evolution of COPs with the implementation of organizational KM initiatives, (2) the development of a COP's structure, (3) the engagement of participants in COP activities, and (4) the role of top management in facilitating COPs. These findings have practical implications on the sustainability of such KM initiatives.
Analysis of the Definition and Significance of the Brain Health

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The human brain is considered a remarkable evolutionary feat due to its intricate functionality, encompassing cognitive processes such as reasoning, memory retention, motor control, and emotional experience. The primary objective of adopting a healthy lifestyle is to ensure the optimal functioning of the brain throughout an individual's entire lifespan. As the global population ages, there is an increasing prevalence of neurological diseases and a growing challenge in safeguarding brain function due to its intricate nature. Therefore, it is imperative to comprehend the concept of brain health and its significance. This article marks the commencement of a sequence of scholarly publications aimed at delineating the concept of brain health, scrutinizing the ramifications of significant neurological illnesses on the health of the brain, and deliberating on prospective interventions and preventive measures for these ailments
An End-to-End Dense-InceptionNet for Image Copy-Move Forgery Detection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A novel image copy-move forgery detection scheme using a Dense-InceptionNet is proposed in this paper. Dense-InceptionNet is an end-to-end, multi-dimensional dense-feature connection, Deep Neural Network (DNN). It is the first DNN model to autonomously learn the feature correlations and search the possible forgery snippets through the matching clues. The proposed Dense-InceptionNet consists of Pyramid Feature Extractor (PFE), Feature Correlation Matching (FCM), and Hierarchical Post-Processing (HPP) modules. The PFE module is proposed to extract multi-dimensional and multi-scale dense-features. The features of each layer in this extractor module are directly connected to the preceding layers. The FCM module is proposed to learn the high correlations of deep features and obtain three candidate matching maps. Finally, the HPP module which makes use of three matching maps to obtain a combination of cross-entropies is amenable to better training via backpropagation. Experiments demonstrate that the efficiency of the proposed Dense-InceptionNet is much better than the other state-of-the-art methods while achieving the relative best performance against most known attacks.
ATP stimulates lysosomal sulphate transport at neutral pH: evidence for phosphorylation of the lysosomal sulphate carrier

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ATP markedly stimulated sulphate uptake by rat liver lysosomes that had been treated with N-ethylmaleimide to block the effects of the lysosomal proton-translocating ATPase (H+-ATPase). Maximal stimulation required millimolar concentrations of ATP and neutral buffer pH. ATP-stimulated transport exhibited saturation kinetics with a Km of 175 μM, identical with the Km for lysosomal sulphate uptake at pH 5.0, a process that does not require ATP. The requirement for ATP was specific: other nucleotides such as AMP, ADP, CTP, GTP, ITP and UTP failed to stimulate transport. Adenosine 5ʹ-[β,γ-imido]triphosphate, the non-hydrolysable analogue of ATP, also failed to stimulate sulphate uptake, suggesting a requirement for ATP hydrolysis. Lysosomal pH, membrane potential and glucose transport were unchanged by the presence of ATP under the experimental conditions, consistent with a direct effect of ATP on the sulphate transporter. Exposure of lysosomes to protein kinase A and protein kinase C inhibitors did not alter the stimulation of sulphate transport by ATP. The lysosomal sulphate transport protein might be subject to regulation by a phosphorylation pathway that is not dependent on protein kinase A or protein kinase C.
Using appreciative inquiry to create a sustainable rural school district and community

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to document how a doctoral research team applied an action research process to improve communication and collaboration strategies among rural Midwestern school district stakeholders. Design/methodology/approach An appreciative inquiry (AI) action research methodology framed as a qualitative case study using the AI 4‐D cycle over four consecutive weeks was facilitated with nine purposively selected stakeholders. Findings Findings suggest that the AI 4‐D cycle promoted greater respect and value of participants' strengths/assets through shared personal narratives; participants transformed their rural school district's culture from defensive, isolationist, and reactive to one that embraced internal and external collaboration, greater levels of trust, and hope; and participants increased social capital between the school district and community agencies as well as in the relationship among school district stakeholders. Practical implications Participants entered the process with strong expressions of powerlessness focused on school district and stakeholder deficits. They left the process empowered, with a plan to improve stakeholder communication, form district and community partnerships at many levels, and act immediately to initiate transformation projects. Participants became conduits of hope for their rural community and viewed themselves as assuming leadership roles to bring groups together to build generative capacity. Originality/value The paper highlights the importance of the highly participatory nature of school organizations as democratic institutions, and it demonstrates that educators are empowered when their focus is on a co‐constructed imagined future.
LHD 10-AD25-Div01 #186754.1 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 10-O Right port camera, where ROI is (898,158) - (1014,420) of the original image of 1920x1080. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.
Comparison of Different Methodologies for Detailed Screening of Taraxacum officinale Honey Volatiles

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE) and solid phase extraction (SPE), followed by GC-FID/MS were used for screening of dandelion ( Taraxacum officinale Weber) honey headspace, volatiles and semi-volatiles. The obtained results constitute a breakthrough towards screening of dandelion honey since dominant compounds identified in the extracts were not previously reported for this honey type. Nitriles dominated in the headspace, particularly 3-methylpentanenitrile (up to 29.9%) and phenylacetonitrile (up to 20.9%). Lower methyl branched aliphatic acids and norisoprenoids were relevant minor constituents of the headspace. The extracts contained phenylacetic acid (up to 24.0%) and dehydrovomifoliol (up to 19.3%) as predominant compounds, while 3-methylpentanenitrile and phenylacetonitrile were detected in the extracts in minor abundance. Dehydrovomifoliol can be considered more characteristic for dandelion honey in distinction from phenylacetic acid. Low molecular aliphatic acids, benzene derivatives and an array of higher aliphatic compounds were also found in the extracts. The results of SPE/GC-FID/MS were very similar to USE/GC-FID/MS with the solvent dichloromethane. The use of all applied methodologies was relevant for the comprehensive chemical fingerprinting of dandelion honey volatiles.
Sichuan Canoeists Characteristics and Practice of Physical Training

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Shandong Games in 2009 and increase breakthrough,Sichuan Provincial Sports Bureau canoeing team,unconventional thinking and leap-forward development,technological innovation under the guidance of the guiding ideology,proposed the alternative-style training By leaps and bounds to improve,the idea of land-based training.However,over the years because of our kayaking lack of knowledge on the characteristics,the concept of physical training on land behind accordingly,whether it is running or strength training exercises,methods and means of their lack of action with special structure,energy metabolism,and personality Close integration of features.Physical training of its poor quality,and did not play the role of physical training and proper function of the level of restricting the movement further.How to do a good job of land-based physical training in 2009,became a national canoeing team is facing another new topic.To this end,we project the characteristics of kayaking thorough and comprehensive analysis to make specific arrangements for land-based physical training.
An Interpretable PyCaret Approach for Alzheimer's Disease Prediction

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a major global health concern. The research focuses on early and accurate diagnosis of AD for its effective treatment and management. This study presents a novel Machine Learning (ML) approach utilizing PyCaret and SHAP for early and interpretable AD prediction. PyCaret employs a span of classification algorithms and the study identifies the best model. SHAP value determines the contribution of individual features for the final prediction thereby enhancing the model’s interpretability. The feature selection using SHAP improves the overall performance of the model. The proposed XAI framework improves clinical decision making and patient care by providing a reliable and transparent method for early AD detection.
Mutational analysis of residues in the regulatory CBS domains of Moorella thermoacetica pyrophosphatase corresponding to disease-related residues of human proteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

mtCBS-PPase [CBS (cystathionine β-synthase) domain-containing pyrophosphatase from Moorella thermoacetica] contains a pair of CBS domains that strongly bind adenine nucleotides, thereby regulating enzyme activity. Eight residues associated with the CBS domains of mtCBS-PPase were screened to explore possible associations with regulation of enzyme activity. The majority of the substitutions (V99A, R168A, Y169A, Y169F, Y188A and H189A) enhanced the catalytic activity of mtCBS-PPase, two substitutions (R170A and R187G) decreased activity, and one substitution (K100G) had no effect. AMP-binding affinity was markedly decreased in the V99A, R168A and Y169A mutant proteins, and elevated in the R187G and H189A mutant proteins. Remarkably, the R168A and Y169A substitutions changed the effect of AMP from inhibition to activation. The stoichiometry of AMP binding increased from one to two AMP molecules per CBS domain pair in the Y169F, R170A, R187G and Y188A variants. The ADP-binding affinity decreased in three and increased in four mutant proteins. These findings identify residues determining the strength and selectivity of nucleotide binding, as well as the direction (inhibition or activation) of the subsequent effect. The data suggest that mutations in human CBS domain-containing proteins can be translated into a bacterial context. Furthermore, our data support the hypothesis that the CBS domains act as an ‘internal inhibitor’ of mtCBS-PPase.
The Acquaintance Principle, Aesthetic Judgments, and Conceptual Art

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

It is a common idea that a proper engagement with and understanding of a work of art requires actual experience of the work itself. According to this view, one will miss something, which it might not be possible to convey in words, if one simply reads an accurate description of, for example, Richard Wagner’s Tannhäuser, Ludovico Ariosto’s Orlando Furioso, or Sakata Tōjūrō’s wagata style of acting, without, respectively, listening, reading, or watching them. Philosophers have gone further and assumed that, in addition to engagement and understanding, aesthetic judgments should be based only on first-hand experience, as well. In fact, various accounts of the structure of our aesthetic judgments take for granted different versions of the following principle: acquaintance with an object is a prerequisite for expressing a proper aesthetic judgment on it. Recently, this principle has been called sometimes the acquaintance principle or principle of acquaintance (PA). With respect to judgments on works of art, the PA implies that, if a person does not perceive a work of art with her own senses, she will not be able to express a proper aesthetic judgment on it. In this paper, I identify the possible merits of this principle and discuss a number of putative counterexamples that are derived from conceptual art. In the first section, I discuss various recent reformulations of the PA. In the second section, I introduce a number of issues from the contemporary discussion on conceptual art and specify why works belonging to this tradition have been taken as counterexamples to the PA. In the third section, I advance various considerations to the effect that works of conceptual art do not pose particular problems to the PA. In the fourth section, I propose two refinements of the PA in terms of the notion of “artistic medium” and argue that my reformulations are truisms and can vindicate our intuitions about the appreciation of conceptual art.
Specifying System Requirements Using Cognitive Work Analysis

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter describes the extent to which cognitive work analysis (CWA) can facilitate the requirements analysis and specification process. It provides a link between the requirements specification process and CWA. The CWA comprises five phases: work domain analysis (WDA), control task analysis (ConTA), strategies analysis (StrA), social organisation and cooperation analysis (SOCA) and worker competencies analysis (WCA). Although the CWA process comprises five stages, it is argued that the abstraction hierarchy (AH) constructed in the WDA stage and the AH informed SRK inventory developed in the worker competencies stage are the most applicable. The chapter also describes which parts of a CWA can be applied, and how that application should proceed, to specify requirements that lead to usable, functionally relevant, affordable systems that minimise post-deployment redesign, and that do not necessitate extensive training schedules. In order to demonstrate the CWA approach, the chapter considers a real case study based on mission communications planning.
Design of Coal Mine Gas Monitoring System Based on ZigBee

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Wireless sensor networks have become one of the important research fields. It has a wide-range application background. This paper through to the research of wireless sensor network development present situation and the tendency, the coal mine gas wireless monitor present situation, the ZigBee technology, proposed a wireless sensor network monitor system solution based on the ZigBee technology, which face to the coal mine gas wireless monitor application. analyzed the system design goal, the function and the performance index, pointed out the system design feasibility and the software and hardware platform design request and the principle of design. The overall system take the wireless sensor networking technology as a core, strengthened the system flexibility, the maintainability and the extendibility, meanwhile the system modulation and the open style structure enable the system to have a good probability. The system raises the mine safety production level and the safety in production management efficiency, and also builds the good foundation for further study and the practical application from now on.
Structural characterization of the jasmonoyl-isoleucine perception complexes from Fragaria vesca by in silico molecular analysis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background. The phytohormone jasmonates (JAs) regulate fundamental plant processes; such as the anthocyanin accumulation during ripening of strawberry, a non-climacteric fruit model. Jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile), one of the bioactive JA molecules, mediates binding of the JAZ repressor protein to COI1, an F-box protein forming the SCF COI1 ubiquitin E3 ligase complex, in Arabidopsis. The COI1-JA-Ile-JAZ complex initiates the JA-signaling pathway leading to early jasmonate responses. Most of Arabidopsis JAZs contain a degron sequence at the Jas domain responsible for interaction with COI1 and JA-Ile. The woodland strawberry ( Fragaria vesca ) is a model plant for the Rosaceae family, in which the JA-signaling pathway is poorly understood at the molecular level. The aim of this work was to understand the molecular basis of the interaction between the F. vesca COI1 (FvCOI1) and JAZ1 (FvJAZ1) or JAZ8 (FvJAZ8) mediated by JA-Ile. Methods. Multiple alignments of amino acid sequences and phylogenetic analyses were performed for FvCOI1 and FvJAZ1/8 and their ortholog sequences. The FvCOI1 and FvJAZ1/8 3D structures were built by homology modeling methods, which were further refined and validated by molecular dynamics simulation (MDS). A molecular docking approach along with MDS analysis were used to understand the interaction capacity between a putative degron-like present in FvJAZ1 and FvJAZ8 with the FvCOI1-JA-Ile and FvCOI1-JA complexes. Results. FvCOI1 and FvJAZ1/8 showed high and moderate identity, respectively, with the corresponding ortholog proteins from other plant species including apple, grape, tomato and Arabidopsis. The resulting FvCOI1 structural model showed that the F-box and LRR domains were highly similar to that described in Arabidopsis COI1 (AtCOI1) crystal structure. Unexpectedly, we found that FvJAZ1 has a variant IPMQRK sequence respect to the canonical LPIAR(R/K) degron sequence observed in AtJAZ1. The MDS results showed that the FvCOI1-JA-Ile-FvJAZ1 complex was the most stable among all the analyzed ones, and the IPMQRK peptide of FvJAZ1 interacted directly with FvCOI1 and JA-Ile. In contrast, FvJAZ8 did not show a direct interaction with those two components, as expected from previous experimental results for the ortholog AtJAZ8. Discussion. The present research provides novel insight into the molecular interactions between key JA-signaling components in the model plant F. vesca . Remarkably, we characterized the IPMQRK sequence present in FvJAZ1, a putative variant of the canonical degron previously described in AtJAZ1. We propose that the FvCOI1-JA-Ile-FvJAZ1 complex is stable, and that the degron-like sequence present in FvJAZ1 interacts in a steady manner with FvCOI1-JA-Ile. Up to now, this is the first structural characterization of molecular interactions that may be occurring between the core components of the JA-Ile perception complex in a fleshy fruit-related species.
Reducing patient delay with symptoms of acute coronary syndrome: a research protocol for a systematic review of previous interventions to investigate which behaviour change techniques are associated with effective interventions

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction Delay to presentation with symptoms of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is common meaning many fail to achieve optimal benefit from treatments. Interventions have had variable success in reducing delay. Evidence suggests inclusion of behaviour change techniques (BCTs) may improve effectiveness of interventions but this has not yet been systematically evaluated. Data from other time-critical conditions may be relevant. Methods and analysis A systematic review will be undertaken to identify which BCTs are associated with effective interventions to reduce patient delay (or prompt rapid help-seeking) among people with time-critical conditions (eg, chest pain, ACS, lumps, stroke, cancer and meningitis). A systematic search of a wide range of databases (including Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo) and grey literature will be undertaken to identify all relevant intervention studies (randomised controlled trials, controlled clinical trials and cohort studies). Two independent reviewers will screen abstracts to identify relevant studies, apply inclusion criteria to full papers, assess methodological quality and extract data. Primary outcome measure Change in patient decision time BCTs reported in each of the included studies will be categorised and presented according to the latest reliable taxonomy. Results of included studies will be synthesised, exploring relationships between inclusion of each BCT and effectiveness of the overall intervention. Where possible, means and SDs for differences in delay time will be calculated and combined within meta-analyses to derive a standardised mean difference and 95% CI. Analysis of (1) all time-critical and (2) ACS-only interventions will be undertaken. Ethics and dissemination No ethical issues are anticipated. Results will be submitted for publication in a relevant peer-reviewed journal.
What do students find difficult when they read Shakespeare? Problems and solutions

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Teaching and learning Shakespeare takes place across the world. Pedagogical matters have been the subject of much discussion in the last few decades. This article begins by reviewing that discussion, showing how different approaches – textual, contextual and active (or performance) – connect with the language of the plays. No study, it is pointed out, has conducted an empirical investigation as to what exactly students find problematic when they read the language of Shakespeare’s plays, an obvious first step, one might think, in designing an approach. The main aim of this article was to describe a study designed to do exactly this. It was conducted with two groups of Shakespeare students, one with English as a first language and one with English as an additional language. Participants were asked to identify difficulties in extracts from plays, rate specific linguistic forms according to difficulty and discuss what they think of Shakespeare’s language. Common areas of difficulty included archaic words, borrowings from other languages, coinages and false friends. With these findings in mind, the article briefly reflects on pedagogical solutions that are corpus-related, arguing that these address some of the problems associated with traditional textual approaches by requiring the active involvement of learners, treating language in a contextualised fashion and focussing on the language itself.