jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Using the Newton Trust-Region Method to Localize in WLAN Environment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Localization systems for indoor areas using the existing wireless local area network (WLAN) infrastructure have been suggested recently. However, the current systems are not satisfactory. Common localization approaches suffer from inaccurate position tracking due to signal fluctuations in the wireless LAN. Newton trust-region method makes use of the convergence factor of a trajectory to eliminate the noise from the signal strength. In this paper, we apply a Newton trust-region (TR) algorithm to trajectory estimation based on the traditional location fingerprinting (localization) approach. Newton trust-region method optimize the location fingerprinting approach iteratively because each point in a trajectory normally falls into a region and have the same convergence in direction. Our experimental analysis shows that Newton trust-region method enhances the traditional localization approach with 15% fewer access points and is 20% more effective to achieve accurate localization. The proposed Newton trust-region method leads to substantially more accurate and robust localization system.
What’s that stuff? Toothpaste tablets

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Dental hygiene aficionados have surely noticed a new format battling for a share of the oral hygiene market. Toothpaste tablets are dry, pressed-powder pills about the size of an aspirin or a pea. With a solid chomp from the molars, the tablet turns into a powder that mixes with saliva to make a foamy paste. From there, the procedure is what most people are used to: brush all surfaces of the teeth and gums for about 2 min—one playthrough of Weird Al's song "I Want a New Duck" is about right—then after a quick pass on the tongue and roof of the mouth, spit, rinse, and spit. As of June 2023, toothpaste tablets cost 10–20 cents per bite—nothing that'll break the bank for most brushers but 5–20 times as expensive as conventional toothpaste. This new dentifrice, a term encompassing anything you rub on your teeth to clean them, came on
A Call for a Shift in Thinking: Viewing Children as Rights-Holders in Early Childhood Curriculum Frameworks

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The authors conduct a document analysis of the Early Learning for Every Child Today: A Framework for Ontario Early Childhood Settings (2007) Best Start Expert Panel on Early Learning. (2007). Early learning for every child today: A framework for Ontario early childhood settings. Retrieved from www.children.gov.on.ca/htdocs/English/documents/topics/earlychildhood/early_learning_for_every_child_today.pdf [Google Scholar] to identify children's rights as reflected in a widely used early childhood curriculum framework in Ontario, Canada. They argue about the significance of looking at curriculum through the lens of children's rights in order to create a global community and strive toward a “rights-integrative approach to early learning.” The findings from the analysis indicate how curriculum documents used for guiding early learning practices may serve as ideal vehicles for introducing discourses on children's rights.
PreVist project: prevention of victimisations in sex work in the canton of Vaud (Switzerland). Reflections from the criminological praxis .

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

PreVist is a project created and implemented by the association Fleur de Pavé, a non-governmental organisation engaged in sex work risks minimisation in the canton of Vaud (Switzerland). Based on research on the victimisation and stigmatisation of sex workers and situational crime prevention strategies, this project aims to reduce the victimisation of sex workers. We conducted workshops with indoors and outdoors sex workers and their clients. Three types of workshops were developed for the sex workers: “crime prevention and victim’s rights,” “what makes a good client” and “the need to be supportive and united”. As an additional measure, pocket alarms were distributed. To motivate prosocial behaviour, we developed a guide for clients which was distributed on the streets and in the erotic massage salons. We hope that this project could inspire other organisations to carry out prevention projects in this field. At this stage, the limitations of this project are: a) the lack of systematic and rigorous experimental evaluation of the efficacity of the project, b) the limited room for manoeuvre of an association, and c) the risk of encouraging undocumented migrants to report crimes. To overcome these limitations, we suggest collaboration between academia and NGOs for the design, implementation and evaluation of such programs.
Evaluation of Standard (WHO) Oral Rehydration Therapy in Children with Acute Infectious Diarrhea Admitted in Ali-Asghar Hospital Medical Center in Tehran-Iran During One Year

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Diarrheal disorders in childhood account for a large proportion (18%) of childhood deaths, with an estimated 1.8 million deaths per year globally. The WHO suspects that there are >700 million episodes of diarrhea annually in children < 5 yr of age in developing countries. While global mortality may be declining, the overall incidence of diarrhea remains unchanged at about 3.2 episodes per child year. Methods: This study was done retrospectively by studying of case- records of patients admitted with diagnosis of acute infectious diarrhea during 1 year. Results: 191 cases were hospitalized with acute diarrhea. Of these 53.92% were male and 46.08% were female. The median age of patient was 17.13 mo. The most common age was between 6–11 mo. Most of them had symptoms of some dehydration 45.2%. Risk factors were: high fever in 52 cases, convulsion in 11 cases, FTT in 24 cases, and electrolyte disturbances in 14 cases. The mortality rate was 1.4% in age group 0–5 mo with severe dehydration and FTT. Conclusion: In our study the mortality rate was 1.4% in age group < 6 mo with FTT. The remaining 189(98.95%) patients were being cured without any complication. Children, especially infants with risk factors such as high fever, age < 6 months, and FTT are more susceptible than adults to dehydration and mortality rate is higher in this group so dehydration must be evaluated rapidly and corrected in 4–6 hr according to the degree of dehydration and estimated daily requirement.
LASP1, CERS6, and Actin Form a Ternary Complex That Promotes Cancer Cell Migration

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

CERS6 is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients through d18:1/C16:0 ceramide (C16 ceramide)-mediated cell migration, though the detailed mechanism has not been elucidated. In the present study, examinations including co-immunoprecipitation, liquid chromatography, and tandem mass spectrometry analysis were performed to identify a novel binding partner of CERS6. Among the examined candidates, LASP1 was a top-ranked binding partner, with the LIM domain possibly required for direct interaction. In accord with those findings, CERS6 and LASP1 were found to co-localize on lamellipodia in several lung cancer cell lines. Furthermore, silencing of CERS6 and/or LASP1 significantly suppressed cell migration and lamellipodia formation, whereas ectopic addition of C16 ceramide partially rescued those phenotypes. Both LASP1 and CERS6 showed co-immunoprecipitation with actin, with those interactions markedly reduced when the LASP1–CERS6 complex was abolished. Based on these findings, it is proposed that LASP1–CERS6 interaction promotes cancer cell migration.
Fetal Outcomes of Abnormal Placental and Birth Weight Ratio

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To find out the fetal complications of abnormal placental and birth weight ratio. Materials and methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted from January 2019 to January 2020 at department of Gyn/Obs PMCH Nawabshah. Total 110 patients who met the criteria were included in this study. After history, clinical examination and required radiological and biochemical investigations, participants were delivered and weight of placenta and bay was measured and ratio was recorded. Results were made and conclusion was drawn. Results: Age difference was also seen in participants. Maternal age ranged from 18-35 years. 65(59%) patients ranged from 18 to 25 years. 30(27%) patients were of age between 26-30 years. 16(14%) aged from 31-35 years. Regarding fetal outcomes, Intra Uterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) was found to be among 30(27.27%), IUD in 3(2.72%), fetal distress in10 (9.09%), low APGAR in 7(6.36%), respiratory distress in 6(5.45%) and Cardio Vascular Diseases in 0% patients. Conclusion: To sum up, it is concluded that in our study, the common fetal outcome due to abnormal Abnormal Placental And Birth Weight Ratio (PBWR) was intra uterine growth retardation (IUGR) followed by IUD, fetal distress and low APGAR.
Relationship of Hemodialysis Shift With Sleep Quality and Depression in Hemodialysis Patients

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This descriptive correlational study was aimed at determining the relationship of hemodialysis shift with sleep quality and depression in 310 hemodialysis patients. Demographic and Clinical Questionnaires, the Pittsburgh sleep quality index, and Beck’s Depression Inventory were used to ascertain the aforementioned relationship. Among the patients, 59.6% reported poor sleep quality and 44.8% reported experiencing depression. Results show that these conditions were significantly related to many factors. Although dialysis shift was not significantly related to sleep quality and depression, sleep quality was found significantly associated with age, female gender, illiteracy, unemployment, residence in rural areas, diabetes, addiction to sedatives, and phosphorus levels. A significant relationship was also found between depression and phosphorus levels. Logistic regression predicted age, gender, illiteracy, unemployment, residence in rural areas, and addiction to sedatives as factors for poor sleep quality. A body mass index (BMI) above 30, decreased urea, and increased phosphorus were predicted as factors for increased depression.
Annotated checklist of the Dermaptera (Insecta) of French Guiana

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We establish the first checklist of the earwig species from French Guiana, updating previous works. This list comprises 49 species distributed in five families: Pygidicranidae Verhoeff, 1902, Forficulidae Stephens, 1829, Labiduridae Verhoeff, 1902, Spongiphoridae Verhoeff, 1902, Anisolabididae Verhoeff, 1902. Twentyfour species are cited for the first time from French Guiana and five species are only mentioned from bibliographical records. Three misidentified records are discarded. Species diversity in French Guiana is similar to neighboring countries and a few additional species will probably be found. Some poorly recorded species have been found, such as Cosmogerax araguensis (Brindle 1974), Cosmogerax doesburgiBrindle 1982, Sarcinatrix quadrimaculata Brindle 1971, Doru unicolor Brindle 1971, Purex surinamensis Brindle 1971, Spongiphora buprestoides (Kirby 1891). Purex formosusHebard 1920, described from French Guiana, has been rediscovered in the Mitaraka mountains and its female collected for the first time. We provide comments on some species and on a few undetermined specimens and indicate some taxonomic challenges unresolved in French Guiana.
Comparison of Features Extraction Algorithms Used in the Diagnosis of Plant Diseases

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The detection of diseases affecting plant is very important as it relates to the issue of food security, which is a very serious threat to human life. The system of diagnosis of diseases involves a series of steps starting with the acquisition of images through the pre-processing, segmentation and then features extraction that is our subject finally the process of classification. Features extraction is a very important process in any diagnostic system where we can compare this stage to the spine in this type of system. It is known that the reason behind this great importance of this stage is that the process of extracting features greatly affects the work and accuracy of classification. Proper selection of the right features leads to high accuracy in the system diagnostics and vice versa. The proposed system collect images of different crop (Rice, cotton and tomato) disease, we will enter the images of cropping them , then Re-size the images to fixed size, then improve the image through Fuzzy histogram equalization (FHE) , then perform image segmentation using color based K-means and finally compare the methods of features extraction (Percentage of Leaf Area Infected (PI),Texture-Based Features, Color Moments, Features obtained by Color Co-occurrence Method and Shape based Features) we found that the use of 4 methods together (Percentage of Leaf Area Infected (PI),Texture-Based Features, Color Moments and Shape based Features) produce excellent result..
The local dimension of legitimation: an empirical analysis of firms’ entry in the Italian craft beer market

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

We study the emergence of a new population of firms and show that legitimation is a local phenomenon and stimulates entry. However, legitimation is offset by competition as the number of firms increases. We provide evidence that the legitimation and competition effects within the municipality dominate the effects in a larger area. We also give a methodological contribution and show that the magnitude of the legitimation and competition effects is weaker than what is predicted by the conventional regressions. Finally, legitimation and competition do not act ‘symmetrically’: legitimation is stronger and acts more quickly than the competitive effect.
Enigma of Adenoma-carcinoma Sequence in Thyroid Gland: An Interesting Case Report of Multiple Pathologies with Literature Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Phenomenon of adenoma-carcinoma is well-known in gastrointestinal tract tumors (GIT), but evidence of such sequence in thyroid oncogenic phylogeny is inconsistent. Frequently mixed/hybrid pathologies can occur in the same thyroid gland. We report an interesting case of such mixed tumors with inherent oncological sequence to discuss this issue in thyroid gland. How to cite this article Bhargav PRK. Enigma of Adenomacarcinoma Sequence in Thyroid Gland: An Interesting Case Report of Multiple Pathologies with Literature Review. World J Endoc Surg 2016;8(2):172-174.
660 KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF MEDICAL OFFICERS IN THE TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION IN NORTH-CENTRAL ZONE

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background and Objectives: Hypertension is a global health hazard most of which are first attended to by the medical officers. Achieving a control will depend on the knowledge, attitude and practice of the medical officers. We therefore determined the knowledge, attitude and practices of medical officers on systemic hypertension in the North-Central region of Nigeria. Design and Methods: It is a questionnaire based cross-sectional study of 100 of the 254 Medical officers that attended a continuing medical education lecture series in Bida. Results: The mean age of the medical officers was 41.05 ± 8.71 years, 59 (73.8%) were males. Fourty (50%) of them has practiced for more than 10 years. Hypertension is considered to be an important health hazard by 93.8% while 30% believed that it should not be referred to a specialist. Despite the high reliance on alternative medications in the society for the treatment of hypertension, only 1.2% agreed to nondrug treatment. Measurement of blood pressure is only done routinely by 56% of the medical officers with 63.8% indulging in self treatment of hypertension, Most of the knowledge on hypertension is through drug companies and advertisement, and 73.8% believed that scientific programs is a better way to gather information regarding the treatment of hypertension. Conclusion: The knowledge, attitude and practice of medical officers are important in the management of hypertension. Organizing scientific programs on periodic basis to educate the medical officers on the treatment is therefore advised.
Peran Mahasiswa KKN Tematik UIN Datokarama terhadap Generasi Muda dalam Melestarikan Kebudayaan di Desa Towale melalui “Festival Towale”

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The UIN Datokarama Thematic Community Service program has successfully organized the Towale Festival as an effort to revitalize the local culture of Towale Village. This study aims to analyze the impact of the festival on increasing young people's awareness of the importance of cultural preservation and the festival's contribution to strengthening the cultural identity of Towale Village. Through a qualitative method involving participatory observation and in-depth interviews, this study found that the Towale Festival has successfully created a space for young people to interact with their cultural heritage. In addition, the festival has also encouraged the emergence of new initiatives in cultural preservation at the community level. The results of this study indicate that activities such as the Towale Festival have great potential to strengthen local cultural values and involve young people in the preservation process.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA PUPUK KOMPOS MEREK KETAPA DI DESA RANDOTONDA KABUPATEN ENDE

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the feasibility of the KETAPA brand compost business, and formulate a development strategy. The research was conducted on farmer groups and livestock groups in Randotonda Village, Ende Regency. Labor involved in production and marketing activities 10 people. This research is a population research. The analysis used is the R/C ratio, B/C ratio, ROI and SWOT. The results of the analysis show that the KETAPA brand compost business is feasible; R/C ratio > 1, the value of B/C ratio, 0.25 means that each production cost is Rp. 100 profits earned Rp. 25. The value of ROI is 26%, the amount of return on investment (ROI) is in the pretty good category. Based on the SWOT analysis, the choice of development strategy is a progressive strategy or SO strategy. Activities include:; building promotion and marketing networks with farmer groups, GAPOKTAN and Field Extension Officers in all districts as well as conducting online marketing
A THEORETICAL MODEL OF COMMUTER TRAFFIC IN TOWNS. IN VEHICULAR TRAFFIC SCIENCE

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In an earlier paper, a theoretical model of commuter traffic in the central areas of towns was developed by the author and used to calculate the area required for roads in idealized towns. This paper extends the model and avoids an earlier approximation. As before, data on the capacity of roads, the density of workplaces, and the fraction of the ground area devoted to roads in actual towns are used. It is assumed that the central area of the town is circular, that people live outside this area, but work inside it, and that workplaces are distributed uniformly in those parts of the central area not devoted to roads. Three different routing systems for the journey to work within the central area are considered and described. Two alternative assumptions are made about radial roads. Calculations are made of the distance traveled/unit area at different distances from the center, of the average distance traveled, and of the radius of the central area when provision is made for all traffic demands. The maximum number of people who can travel to work within the central area when a fixed proportion of it is devoted to roads is calculated. It is shown that in most practical cases the prior approximation produced a relatively small error. The relation between average journey time within the central area and the number of commuters in a given town is calculated for the case of radial-arc routing.
"Your Pride is Bleeding Out:" A Mixed Methods Analysis on Mental Health, Self-Image, and Period Poverty in Single-Income Women in Columbus, Ohio

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Menstruation is a biological process where the uterus sheds lining each month and it is a common occurrence for women across the globe. Though menstrual cycles, more colloquially known as periods, have been around since the dawn of time, they are historically treated as something shameful or bothersome. This mixed-methods study examines the relationship between period poverty, mental health, and self-image amongst single-income women in Columbus, Ohio. A sample of 9 women completed an anxiety screening, depression screening, a menstrual health questionnaire, and 20-minute interview about their experiences menstruating on a fixed income. Results show a strong positive correlation between anxiety and depression in this sample. There was a weak correlation between mental health scores and menstrual health scores, but interviews presented themes of low self-esteem and heightened anxiety surrounding period poverty. Interviews showed that the participants expressed feelings of embarrassment, worthlessness, and stress when experiencing period poverty. Women reported making financial sacrifices to afford period products and often felt less sociable when menstruating without proper protection. Pantries and free products in public have been helpful for participants, but all participants feel there is not enough being done to address period poverty on a policy level. Almost all participants recall instances of using replacements, like baby diapers or toilet paper, in absence of products. Poor self-image relating to period poverty was centered more around financial insecurity for menstrual health rather than experiencing periods itself. Future studies may focus on the impact of racial identity relating to mental health, period poverty, and menstrual product accessibility.
The circadian rest‐activity rhythm, a potential safety pharmacology endpoint of cancer chemotherapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The robustness of the circadian timing system (CTS) was correlated to quality of life and predicted for improved survival in cancer patients. However, chemotherapy disrupted the CTS according to dose and circadian timing in mice. A continuous and repeated measures longitudinal design was implemented here to characterize CTS dynamics in patients receiving a fixed circadian‐based chemotherapy protocol. The rest‐activity rhythm of 49 patients with advanced cancer was monitored using a wrist actigraph for 13 days split into four consecutive spans of 3–4 days each, i.e ., before, during, right after and late after a fixed chronotherapy course. The relative amount of activity in bed vs . out of bed (I<O, main endpoint), the autocorrelation coefficient r24, the relative 24‐hr amplitude (Amp), interdaily stability (IS) and intradaily variability (IV) were compared according to study span. Circadian disruption (I<O ≤ 97.5%) resulted from the administration of the fixed chronotherapy protocols, with all five rest‐activity rhythm parameters being worsened in the whole group of patients ( p < 0.05). Mean parameter values subsequently recovered to near baseline values. The occurrence of circadian disruption on chemotherapy was associated with a higher risk of clinically relevant fatigue ( p = 0.028) or body weight loss ( p = 0.05). Four CTS dynamic patterns characterized treatment response including no change (9.5% of the patients); improvement (14.3%); alteration and complete recovery (31%) or sustained deterioration (45%), possibly due to inadequate chronotherapy dosing and/or timing. Improved clinical tolerability could result from the minimization of circadian disruption through the personalization of chronotherapy delivery.