jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Arabidopsis thaliana RNase H2 Deficiency Counteracts the Needs for the WEE1 Checkpoint Kinase but Triggers Genome Instability

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The WEE1 kinase is an essential cell cycle checkpoint regulator in Arabidopsis thaliana plants experiencing replication defects. Whereas under non-stress conditions WEE1-deficient plants develop normally, they fail to adapt to replication inhibitory conditions, resulting in the accumulation of DNA damage and loss of cell division competence. We identified mutant alleles of the genes encoding subunits of the ribonuclease H2 (RNase H2) complex, known for its role in removing ribonucleotides from DNA-RNA duplexes, as suppressor mutants of WEE1 knockout plants. RNase H2 deficiency triggered an increase in homologous recombination (HR), correlated with the accumulation of γ-H2AX foci. However, as HR negatively impacts the growth of WEE1-deficient plants under replication stress, it cannot account for the rescue of the replication defects of the WEE1 knockout plants. Rather, the observed increase in ribonucleotide incorporation in DNA indicates that the substitution of deoxynucleotide with ribonucleotide abolishes the need for WEE1 under replication stress. Strikingly, increased ribonucleotide incorporation in DNA correlated with the occurrence of small base pair deletions, identifying the RNase H2 complex as an important suppressor of genome instability.
The Structure of the Gular Pouch of Mature Males of the Lamprey Geotria australis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Males of the southern hemisphere lamprey Geotria australis develop a large gular pouch during sexual maturation. The wall of this pouch contains (I) an epidermis comprising typical lamprey epidermal cells, (II) a thick dermis consisting of layers of collagen fibres, with intervening oxytalan fibres, and a vascular network, and (III) a hypodermis. The hypodermis contains active fibroblasts embedded in an extracellular matrix, comprising collagen fibrils, some of which form dense bundles, together with oxytalan fibres and an amorphous material that contains glycosaminoglycans. The hypodermis also contains arteries, which are innervated and confluent with a large anastomosing system of sinuses. Since these sinuses open at intervals into the large central cavity of the pouch, it is proposed that, at maturity, they discharge blood into the central lumen of the pouch, thereby causing the pouch to become distended. The degree of such distension would be regulated by the limited elasticity of the dermal collagen fibres. The dermis is thickest in those regions where the pouch is most susceptible to abrasion. The Weibel–Palade bodies, which are abundant in the sinus endothelia, may facilitate tissue repair where neccessary. The gular pouch is thus a specialised structure, which may play a role in courtship or the spawning act.
Exercise and cancer: linkages with obesity?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A growing number of well-controlled studies suggest that both hard physical work and an active leisure can reduce the overall incidence of cancer. Benefit is demonstrated most clearly for colonic tumors. Here, benefit persists after control of the data for body mass index, and a likely mechanism is the speeding of colonic transit. Occasional reports suggest protection against tumors of the breast, reproductive tract, and other body organs. In some of these latter sites, potential mechanisms of protection include a suppression of sex hormone secretion, and a reduction of body fat depots, where androgens are converted to toxic estrogen derivatives; vigorous athletic participation may well modulate hormone output, but a reduction of body fat is a more likely explanation of any benefit from moderate physical activity.
The Fight for Life: The Convergence of the Print Press in the Digital Media Industry

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The mass media industry particularly print media in Indonesia comes under heavy pressure to survive in the era of digital disruption. High printing costs, coupled with high distribution costs and employee salaries have caused difficulties for print media companies to maintain their businesses. Some print media companies have opted to shut down their businesses, while others have to survive by making various efficient efforts and diversifying their businesses. The convergence of print media into digital media has offered an alternative to maintain print media as the management of Telaah Strategis magazine has done. This research aims to see the efforts made by the management of Telaah Strategis magazine to survive in the media industry in Indonesia. The results of this research show that Telaah Strategis magazine uses a variety of media convergence models to be able to maintain its task of disseminating information by transforming it into a news portal and digital magazine and appearing in the social media platform. In addition, it also markets its digital magazine at online product sale exchange.
Conclusion

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The conclusion compares northern Tuscany with some of the best-studied Italian regions over the Middle Ages, and argues that the decades straddling the twelfth and the thirteenth centuries represented a phase of marked acceleration in the countryside of both Florence and Lucca. The conclusion emphasizes the role played by rural credit in reaching an equilibrium between the landowners’ heightened demand and the tenants’ ability to meet that demand; also, it stresses the importance of ecological factors. The abolition of labour-services and their replacement with fixed rents and early mezzadria agreements in the Fiorentino is explained by the attempt to give tenants a stake in the quality and quantity of the final agricultural output of their holdings. In the Lucchesia, one can notice instead the slow but constant effort on the part of local owners to raise the already existing fixed rents.
ADAPTIVE LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL HEADS AND THE SCHOOL PERFORMANCE ON THE SCHOOL-BASED MANAGEMENT

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study aimed to identify the adaptive leadership used by the school heads and school performance on the school-based management in the District of Victoria in the school year 2022-2023. In this study, the descriptive correlation was employed. The research instrument used in this study was an online survey questionnaire which aims to assess the adaptive leadership of the school heads in terms of emotional intelligence, organizational justice and character. The data obtained from the survey were analyzed using weighted mean to describe the observation of the respondents with regards to the school performance on the school-based management. The Pearson-Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation was used in this study to determine the relationship between adaptive leadership and school performance on the school-based management. It was found out that the Adaptive leadership of school heads with regards to Emotional Intelligence in terms of self-awareness, self-management, social-awareness and relationship management were all high as always observed by the teachers. At the same time, the level of adaptive leadership of school heads with regards to organizational justice in terms of decision fairness, information sharing and outcome concern were also high as being always observed by the teachers. Another level of adaptive leadership of school heads as to character with regards to integrity, credibility, and values differences were always observed high to all teachers. Therefore, adaptive leadership of school heads are positively correlated to the school performance on the school-based management. While it was found out that the level of school performance on the school-based management in terms of leadership and governance, and management and resources were all very high as being observed by the teachers while the curriculum and learning was observed high by the teachers. The result of the study revealed that adaptive leadership of school heads is significantly related to the school performance on the school-based management. Moreover, based on the results of the study the adaptive leadership of school heads must continue to be developed through trainings and seminars.
How Important Are Tutor Groups in Increasing Students’ Sense of Belonging? (And what can we do to make the most of the tutoring experience?)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A student’s tutor group is one of the first, small communities that they will become a part of in their university journey. Our research indicates that carefully tailoring these groups to account for characteristics such as subject, gender, age and nationality can enable students to make early connections with peers, enhancing their sense of belonging within the HE setting.
The round table discussion will allow for sharing of good practise with regards to making the most of the opportunity to promote meaningful peer relationships within a tutoring system.
Quality Procedures for Survey Transitions - Experiments and Discontinuities

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

To maintain uninterrupted time series, surveys conducted by National Statistical Institutes are kept unchanged as long as possible. When a change is proposed to improve the methods, it may affect the continuity of these series. It is important to minimise the impact so as minimise inconvenience for users. In this paper we set out the steps in an orderly transition, and provide practical guidance on how to minimise discontinuities, and how to deal with discontinuities so as to maintain a consistently-estimated series.
Mental nerve palsy in malignant lymphoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Mental nerve palsy in malignant lymphoma represents a clinical syndrome which has never been described previously. Eight cases are presented that have been observed and collected over a period of several years. Mental nerve palsy is a peripheral neuropathy: palpable masses or cervical lymphadenopathy were recorded as associated findings in 6 of the 8 cases and, in all probability, could be implicated as the etiology by producing direct pressure on either the inferior dental or mental nerve. Diffuse central nervous system involvement, when present, appeared to be coincidental rather than a causative factor, as reflected in the lack of response of the mental nerve to adequate brain stem irradiation, to which all other abnormally functioning cranial nerves responded. From the prognostic viewpoint, mental nerve palsy represents a hallmark of highly aggressive, rapidly progressive, and inexorably fatal malignant lymphoma. Radiation therapy is the treatment of choice. It produces prompt regression of all associated lymph node masses and other soft-tissue infiltrations, and a demonstrable improvement in the mental nerve palsy. Treatment should be directed to the entire course of the inferior dental and mental nerves for the reasons discussed.
LHD ICRF-DC45 #159893.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies (ICRF) heating system to launch fast waves (Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies (ICRF) waves) to heat plasma particles by wave-particle interaction. Raw data are forward and reflected power and voltage of transmission lines, 3.5 U/L and 4.5 U/L.
Effect of substrate phase on the dynamic wetting of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO slags

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A study to establish correlation between Inter-columnar cracks in slabs and Off-centre defects in hot rolled products. Prevention of alumina clogging of submerged entry nozzle by electric current pulses Modification of skin panel production route for debottlenecking and yield improvement.\nAssessment of non-metallic inclusions in different industrial steel grades by using the electrolytic extraction method.\n
The Struggle over Adat Forest Rights in Upland Banten, Indonesia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study investigates local institutional arrangements and the regulation of forest access and control in the wake of the 2013 decision of the Indonesian Constitutional Court, which recognised indigenous peoples’ rights over forest territory. The research focuses on the interactions between adat groups and other actors in that context, with specific attention to the Kasepuhan indigenous communities of West Java. There has been considerable political ecology scholarship about state-society-nature relations in Indonesia; this research contributes to this knowledge base by extending political ecology analysis to the entirely new situation that is unfolding in the wake of the court decision. As such, this research interrogates ongoing changes by employing the concept of institutional bricolage as a tool for understanding just how institutional alterations occur and how these mediate resource access and entitlements.

For the greater part of Indonesian history, indigenous communities in Indonesia have been trying without success to assert their traditional rights and redefine their place in Indonesian statehood. Adat rights have, however, been severely undermined for the sake of development or other ‘national interest’. The political efflorescence popularly known as Reformasi has, since 1998, opened the channel for many disenfranchised groups, such as indigenous peoples, to demand social justice. In the case of the Kasepuhan indigenous group, these demands have concerned their communal rights over land and forest territories. Nearly two decades after Reformasi, the Court’s 2013 decision has invalidated the notion that the state is the the sole owner and manager of Indonesia’s forest areas. It has brought new hope for indigenous communities all over the country, as it potentially acknowledges their exclusive rights over specific plots of land or forest.

This study describes and analyses the practical implications of the Court’s ruling. The study shows that the Kasepuhan people have acted as innovative bricoleurs who patch together elements of different institutional logics available to them. This, in turn, leads to novel institutional arrangements, and to a bylaw that excises parts of the Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park in their favour. This is an unprecedented development for an adat entity in the country. The thesis unpacks the dynamics of the institutional arrangements between the Kasepuhan people and other actors involved in state-society-nature relations in Indonesia.
A Quantitative Study of Chineseized Musical Styles in the Piano Composition of the Yellow River Concerto Based on Audio Analysis

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The piano concerto “Yellow River”is one of the most influential works in Chinese piano concertos. This paper designs an ANN beat classification model based on audio analysis, calculates the beat cycle of the piano piece, and synthesizes the beats of the piano piece using the PSOLA algorithm, presenting an audio analysis of the piano concerto “The Yellow River”. Collate the compositional techniques and layout elements, musical characteristics, and points of nationalistic performance styles of the piano concerto“Yellow River”. Verify the universality of the audio analysis technique for the piano piece by identifying beats from different musical styles. The validity of the ANN-based audio analysis is determined by the piano keys and the audio selections of the piano concerto of “The Yellow River”. Select the classic performance version of the “Yellow River” piano concerto and count the total duration of different performance versions. Combining the designed audio analysis technique for piano compositions, the performance speeds and average speeds of each version are visually organized. Analyze the creative expression of the performance speed on the emotion and style of the piano concerto of “The Yellow River”. In the whole work, the solo piano melody has 187 beats in total. Yin Chengzong, Lang Lang, and Wan Jieni have the same average speed as 70.3 beats, 72.4 beats, and 59.3 beats, respectively. The overall tempo design of Yin Chengzong and Lang Lang has obvious peaks, and Yin Chengzong’s playing speed has a higher degree of ups and downs. The music has a more fluid feel, and the playing speed is used to demonstrate the immense momentum.
Juniper essential-oil composition and bioactivity as a function of species and sex

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

There are 10 species of juniper ( Juniperus L., Cupressaceae) in the European flora, six of which ( J. communis, J. oxycedrus, J. pygmaea, J. sabina, J. sibirica, and J. excelsa ) are found in the Flora of Bulgaria. Of these, J. excelsa is monoecious and the other five species are dioecious. The objective of this study was to compare the essential oil (EO) composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and insecticidal activities of the male (M) and female (F) plants from the five dioecious species. A secondary objective was to compare extraction methods; Clevenger vs semi-commercial steam distillation on the EO yield, profile, and bioactivity of the juniper species. The concentration of α-pinene, β-caryophyllene, δ-cadinene, and δ-cadinol was different between the oils of M and F plants within all five species. Male and F plants of J. pygmaea , J. sabina , and J. sibirica had significantly different concentrations of sabinene within the respective species. In some cases, the EO of M and F plants had different antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The extraction method, Clevenger vs semi-commercial steam distillation was also significant on the antioxidant capacity of the EOs within most juniper species. Overall, the EO obtained from the semi-commercial extraction was more consistent within a species with respect to antioxidant capacity compared with the oils obtained using the Clevenger-type extraction. However, the oils obtained via Clevenger extraction showed greater antioxidant capacity within a species compared with those from semi-commercial extraction. In two separate experiments, seven of the juniper oils ( J. communis -F, J. communis -M, J. oxycedrus -M, J. pygmaea -F, J. pygmaea -M, J. sibirica -F, and J. sibirica -M) were tested for repellent and insecticidal activities against Rhopalosiphum padi (bird cherry-oat aphid) и Sitobion avenae (English grain aphid). All of the tested oils had significant repellent and insecticidal activities against the two aphid species at concentrations of the EO in the solution at 1%, 2.5%, and 5%. The results suggest that when reporting EO composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and insecticidal activity of juniper EO, the sex of the tree and the extraction method needs to be indicated along with the species. The results may benefit industry utilizing juniper leaf oil for new product development.
Teacher as 'learner': A case study of teaching international economics and finance

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

How lucky are we to be teaching economics at this time? Discussions enrich our honours and postgraduate teaching programmes which have always been delivered beyond the textbook. But what about our undergraduate programmes in economics? Can we break away from the prescribed text and engage more fully with contemporary debate? Can our undergraduates also be encouraged to think like economists? In 2009 we have an ideal opportunity to eschew the standard textbook based approach to undergraduate economics teaching. This paper highlights a case study in which a third year unit in international economics and finance fed into School, Faculty and Universitycommunity engagement that will live beyond the experience of the global economic crisis
Dietary Patterns and Growth From 12 to 24 Months of Age in African American Infants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVES: To identify dietary patterns in 12-month-old African American infants and investigate their association with change in infant BMI z-score (BMIz) from 12 to 24 months. METHODS: The prospective longitudinal Infant Growth and Microbiome Study (IGram) enrolled African American women in their 3(rd) trimester of pregnancy who had a pre-pregnancy BMI >30 or <25 and followed them and their infants from birth to 24 months of age. At 12 months, mothers reported infant intake of 32 food items in the past 7 days using the CDC Infant Feeding Practices Study II questionnaire. With these data we employed principal component analysis to derive dietary patterns for infants aged 12 months. We used multiple regression to test associations of dietary pattern scores with change in infant BMIz between 12 and 24 months. RESULTS: IGram enrolled 368 infants at birth; 320 and 283 infants completed 12- and 24-month visits, respectively. The prevalence of BMIz > 2SD was 7.8% at 12 months and 6% at 24 months. We derived three dietary patterns which together explained 36% of the variation in the dataset. Based on the highest factor loadings for each pattern, they were named “Transitional/table food,” “Formula/baby cereal,” and “Fruit and vegetable/breast milk.” The former pattern included pancakes, pasta, rice, french fries, meat, eggs, and snack and sweet foods. Regression results suggested that, accounting for maternal pre-pregnancy obesity status, the “Fruit and vegetable/breast milk” pattern explained a small portion of the variance in BMIz increase from 12 to 24 months of age (β = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.13, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary findings of three distinct dietary patterns in African American infants at 12 months of age are an important first step in characterizing infant feeding patterns across the rich, longitudinal IGram dataset. A positive association of the “Fruit and vegetable/breast milk” pattern with change in infant BMIz from 12 to 24 months was unexpected and requires further investigation. FUNDING SOURCES: An unrestricted donation from the American Beverage Foundation for a Healthy America to support the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia's Healthy Weight Program; the Research Institute of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; the NIH NIDDK.
Advertising food in Australia: Between antinomies and gastro‐anomy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Over the past half century, consumers in Australia have increasingly been confronted with a plethora of health food products. This paper focuses on health food that encourages consumption through the promise of health benefits. In this context, media representation of such food serves as a lens to explore the spread of consumer culture in Australia. Using a historical perspective, this paper asserts that in promoting such foods, food "experts" form an advisory nexus in an increasing context of "gastro‐anomy" that Fischler (1980) speaks of. Fifty years of advertising, editorial content and articles are examined from the Australian Women's Weekly. Warde's (1997) antinomies of tastes are used as a starting point to show how the anxiety and risks associated with food consumption are built up and allayed. Keywords: food culturesantinomies Acknowledgements Greg Patmore served as editor on this article. The authors wish to thank the reviewers for their very constructive comments.
Effect of PDGF, IL-1alpha, and BMP2/4 on corneal fibroblast chemotaxis: expression of the platelet-derived growth factor system in the cornea.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The PDGF growth factor receptor system is expressed in the human cornea. PDGF, BMP2, BMP4, and IL-1alpha may modulate keratocyte chemotaxis and proliferation during homeostasis and wound healing.