jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Timing in adjuvant chemotherapy (CTX) initiation among women with breast cancer (BC) at National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) centers: An analysis from the NCCN Outcomes Database.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

6022 Background: Receipt of quality care has two important dimensions: that patients receive both appropriate and timely care. The primary aim was to examine time from BC diagnosis to CTX and identify factors associated with longer time. Methods: In the NCCN Outcomes Database, we identified 5,583 women with stage I-III BC diagnosed in 2003-2008 who received adjuvant CTX at 10 NCCN centers within 32 weeks (wks) of diagnosis. Patients with neoadjuvant therapy were excluded. Multivariate ANCOVA models were constructed to examine adjusted mean Time to Chemotherapy (TTC) from the date of pathological diagnosis. Results: Mean TTC was 11.8 wks. Many sociodemographic and clinical factors were associated with longer TTC. Factors with the largest effects are listed in Table 1. Minimal prolongation of TTC was associated with initial mastectomy versus lumpectomy (3 day greater TTC, p=0.01). Greater prolongation of TTC was observed between Caucasian and African American (AA) women diagnosed at another center prior to presentation (2.1 wks, p<0.001) than at the NCCN center (1.0 wk, p=0.13), and among patients with Medicare (2.7 wks, p<0.001) versus Managed Care (MCO, 1.2 wks, p<0.001) or Medicaid (0.9 wks, p=0.99). Interactions were significant between ethnicity and both insurance (p=0.03) and diagnosing institution (p=0.02). Conclusions: Some delay in TTC associated with clinical factors (21 gene RT PCR assay or number of excisions) may be unavoidable but should be minimized. Opportunities for improvement at the system level (insurance and transfers in care) were observed. Observed disparity in TTC for AA women appears to be exacerbated by transferring care and insurance related issues. % patients Mean TTC difference, wks Race/ethnicity Caucasian 78 Ref Hispanic 7 +0.7** AA 9 +1.6*** Asian 4 0.5 Other 2 0.0 Insurance MCO 78 Ref Medicare 10 +0.6* Medicaid 7 +2.6*** Other 4 0.4 Diagnosing institution NCCN 26 Ref Non-NCCN 74 +1.2*** Excisional procedures 1 64 Ref 2 31 +2.1*** ≥3 5 +5.6*** Reconstruction prior to CTX No 82 Ref Yes 18 +2.5*** 21-gene RT PCR assay No 94 Ref Yes 6 +2.2*** *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001
Neoproterozoic Oxygen and The Rise of Animals

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This chapter considers the significance of the Ediacaran Fauna. Until the late 1980s, the Ediacaran Fauna were usually thought to represent ancient, primitive animal forms. Debate was sparked when leading paleontologist Dolf Seilacher from Tubingen, Germany, reinterpreted these fossils as something completely different. He argued that, instead of animals, they were long-extinct varieties of living organisms, a result of failed lineages with no successors. The rocks on the Avalon Peninsula of southeastern Newfoundland house the oldest known representatives of the Ediacaran Fauna. These so-called rangeomorphs date back to 575 million ago and appear relatively soon after the end of the Gaskiers glaciation some 580 million years ago. Evidence suggests that Ediacaran Fauna of the Avalon Peninsula emerged into an ocean undergoing oxygenation.
Seroprevalence of Sars-Cov-2 antibodies among eligible blood donors of Peshawar, Pakistan.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Seropositivity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among blood donors gradually increased during the second and third wave of the pandemic in Pakistan indicating a widespread prevalence of Covid-19 in the general population. Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 varies with ABO blood types, with blood group O associated with low risk of infection.
State Security out of Control? The Influence of Yugoslavia's Political Leadership on Targeted Killings abroad (1967-84)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This working paper provides a basis for the discussion of the political influences on lethal activities of Yugoslav state security services against militant émigrés in Western countries. In a first step, it outlines the development of the state security organization. This leads to the problems of political control. The paper shows that there was dissent among Yugoslav top politicians regarding the killing of apparently dangerous opponents abroad. It focuses on two ministers of the interior (Franjo Herljević from 1974-82 and Stane Dolanc from 1982-84), presenting controversial standpoints about the application of deadly means in the West. Also considered is Yugoslavia's international position between the superpowers which gave political leaders the background for the belief that their country was affected by a "special war".
Low water hardness and pH affect growth and survival of silver catfish juveniles

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of exposure to low water hardness (0, 25 and 50mg CaCO3L-1) into the 6.0-8.0 pH range to silver catfish juveniles (Rhamdia quelen) survival and growth after 32 days. Juveniles kept at zero water hardness presented higher mortality at pH 7.0 and 8.0 than those submitted to other treatments. Weight of juveniles exposed to pH 6.0 and zero water hardness was significantly higher than those kept at the same water hardness and other pH. Survival and growth of juveniles exposed to 25 and 50mg CaCO3 L-1 was not affected in the 6.0-8.0 pH range. Therefore, the best water hardness for silver catfish juveniles growth is 25-50mg CaCO3 L-1 and at low water hardness (next zero) pH must be reduced.
Study on the correlation between platelet-activating factor and irritable gastric mucosa lesion after brain injury

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The platelet-activating factor(PAF)was an important phospholipid with various biol- ogy activities in the body,and had extensive biological effect on various tissues and organs.The PAF was related to gastric mucosa lesion after traumatic brain injury.The PAF could aggravate the primary brain in- jury,secondary brain injury and the cerebral edema,limit the brain microcirculation,aggravate ischemia reperfusion injury,and nerve cell apoptosis.At the same time,the PAF reduced blood flow in the gastric mucosa,promoted granulocyte coming together and released the inflammtory medium,increased Ca~(2+)and the oxygen free radicals,gastric acid.It was an important cause that the gastric mucosa lesion occurred and became more serious after brain injury.The platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist could protect the gastric mucosa,lessened traumatic brain injury,ameliorated prognosis and reduced the complications.
[Construction of Oral Insulin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Their Intestinal Epithelial Cell Transcytosis Study].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The INS-SNPs prepared with mixed solvents in this study could significantly enhance the transcytosis efficiency of peptide and protein drugs, displaying great potentials in the application of oral drug delivery. This study may provide information and reference for the designing of efficient oral nano-drug delivery system in the future.
Analisis Ketersediaan Buah Durian (Durio Zibethinus) Di Kota Kendari

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research aims to determine the availability of durian fruit in Kendari City. This research was carried out in Kendari City from June 2023 to August 2023. The population in this research was all durian traders in Kendari City with a total of 31 people, so the entire population was used as a sample. The sampling method used in probability research uses saturated sampling or census techniques. This research uses analytical tools using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model, the formula for calculating EOQ with the following approach, Safety Stock, Reorder Point, Total Inventory Cost. The research results show that the availability of durian fruit in Kendari City is that the average order of durian fruit from durian traders in Kendari City is 1,817.10 kg/month, with storage costs of IDR 1,578.49/kg of durian fruit. The optimal quantity of inventory orders is 325.50 kg/month, with an ordering cost of IDR 72,638,871/month.
Evaluation of Borate-Glycol Wood Preservatives to Control Dry-Wood Termite and Pin-Hole Borers in Sri Lanka

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Wood destroying insects cause heavy losses to wood used in construction and has been a serious economic concern of the construction industry. Thus it is very important to treat wood properly in order to extend the service life of wooden products. Borates as indoor wood preservatives have played an effective and ever increasing role in preservation of wood and made them particularly attractive in today’s environmentally conscious market. The prime objective of this study is to evaluate efficacy of different formulations of borate-glycol wood preservatives against dry-wood termites (Cryptotermes brevis) and pin-hole borers (Euplatypus parallelus) using laboratory no-choice feeding test, chemical retention, and chemical penetration. Wood specimens were treated with different formulations of wood preservative which were prepared using monoethylene glycol (MEG) and monopropylene glycol (MPG) with varying boron percentages (10%-20%). Adult insects collected from infested timber were introduced to these samples and kept for eight weeks in closed containers. Mean mortality, wood weight loss and number of holes were observed in each test unit. There were remarkable physical and behavioral changes in both dry-wood termites and pin-hole borers after the exposure to the wood preservatives. With regards to mean mortality of C. brevis in the no-choice feeding tests in 1:2 (by volume) aqueous dilution of borate/glycol, termite mortality increased from about 83% to 100% with increasing boron percentage 15% to 20%. All the formulations showed 100% mortality when applied them in 1:1 (by volume) aqueous dilution of borate/glycol. MEG showed high mean mortality than MPG.No significant difference in mass loss was observed for all treated samples and there was no sign of wood consumption by termites in borate treated wood specimens when compared with untreated specimens.In pin-hole borer no-choice feeding test, there were no holes made by E. parallelus adults on the test blocks which were treated with all formulations except for the formulation consisting 10% boron in MPG and mean mortality of E. parallelus was around 75% for all formulations.Maintaining healthy population of E. parallelus is difficult due to delicate living conditions of their natural habitat.According to the results obtained, 20% boron inMEG is the most suitable formulation for wood preservation owing to its high effectiveness to wood destroying insects. Keywords: Preservation, Borates, Dry-wood termites, Pin-hole borers, Mortality
DY3+ ION - DOPED ZINC BARIUM NIOBIUM BORO-TELLURITE GLASSES: STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL, AND LUMINESCENCE INSIGHTS FOR WHITE LIGHT APPLICATIONS

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Analysis and review of physical, structural, optical, and luminescence properties of dysprosium-doped zinc barium niobium boro-tellurite glass has been carried out. All glass samples were prepared by melting around 1.5 h at 1,150°C and annealing around 3 h at 350°C. Six different concentrations of Dy2O3 were used to prepare the glasses, ranging from 0.00 to 1.50 mol%. The samples were prepared, involving both shaping and refining, for density, refractive index, and optical/photoluminescence measurements at room temperature. Structural measurements were obtained using XRD, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. The absorption spectra demonstrate that the transition state of Dy3+ ion from 6H15/2 (ground state) to several excited states (6P7/2), (4F7/2+4I13/2), (6F3/2), (6F5/2), (6F7/2), (6H7/2+6F9/2), (6H9/2+6F11/2), and (6H11/2) at wavelengths of 350, 394, 759, 804, 903, 1,094, 1,276 and 1,681 nm, respectively. The sample was excited with a xenon flashlamp of 453 nm, which produces 3 emission peaks at 482, 574, and 661 nm associated with the transitions 4F9/2→6H(11/2, 13/2, and 15/2), in that order. The combination of blue light from energy level 4F9/2→6H15/2 and yellow light from energy level 4F9/2→6H13/2 resulted in white light emission, as corroborated by the CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram. The Lifetime exhibits a diminishing trend as the concentration of Dy2O3 increases. According to the Judd Ofelt (JO) intensity values, the trend was Ω2 > Ω4 > Ω6 observed. The radiative parameters utilized to assess the suitability of these glasses for laser operation in the visible range were the branching ratios (βR), transition probabilities (AR), and stimulated emission cross-sections (σe) for the 4F9/2→6H13/2 transition. The current Dy3+ ion doped zinc barium niobium borotellurite glasses are thus suggested to be ideal for applications of white light and optical devices.
After “40 Cases”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article documents how a serial plagiarism case discovered over a decade ago continues to generate negative effects in the downstream research on medieval and early modern philosophy. The ongoing positive citation of the 40 plagiarizing articles and book chapters – including those retracted by their publishers – affects the reliability of later scholarship in several ways. The present state of affairs is the joint result of authors, editors, peer reviewers, and publishers who continue to allow (and in some cases, support) the publication of new works across a variety of genres that contain positive citations to the 40 plagiarizing articles and book chapters. The problem shows no signs of abating; the plagiarizing articles and book chapters continue to acquire positive citations in new publications, including authoritative reference works. The breach of research standards is further shown by the fact that even a non-existent publication by the plagiarist continues to acquire positive citations.
Evaluation of Morphological Diversity in South Indian Tea Clones Using Statistical Methods

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Morphological diversity of three Camellia (Theaceae) taxa conserved in an ex situ gene bank was studied and the importance of different descriptors in categorising accessions into distinct groups was also determined. Twelve accessions were characterised using 15 morphological descriptors of IPGRI guidelines. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) on morphological characters showed that the first two principal components accounted for 44.77 % of the total variance. In the evaluated quantitative characters, all three taxa had a coefficient of variation (CV) greater than 24.85%, and within the taxon the CV was greater than 9.59%. The qualitative characters showed a wide range of variations and yielded significant differences (p<0.05). Phenotypic data had high contributing component loadings from characters such as leaf area, weight of harvested shoots, stem colour, leaf pubescence and young shoot colour. Cluster analysis delineated the accessions into three groups. The implications of our results hold promise for assessing genetic diversity in germplasm collections, which is a prerequisite for their utilisation, effective management and crop improvement.
Studies on the fungitoxicity of captan

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY The uptake of captan from aqueous solution by conidia of Neurospora crassa can be markedly reduced by pretreatment of the cells with thiol reagents such as iodoacetic acid (IOA). The nature of this reaction has been investigated and it is shown that IOA largely reacts with the soluble thiol pool of the spores. Captan, however, reacts with both soluble and insoluble thiols and it is suggested that whilst the former is a detoxication process the latter may provide the key to its toxic action. Using glutathione as a model soluble thiol the molar ratio and pH dependence of the captan detoxication process has been determined and compared with the cellular reactions. Assay of 35 S‐labelled captan has shown that captan is almost completely decomposed by the spores and that one‐third of the accumulated captan is converted to sulphur compounds fixed to insoluble cell entities.
‘SATYAGRAHA’ IN THE CONTEMPORARY ERA

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Satyagraha' is the philosophical phenomenon developed by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi when he was living in South Africa.The etymological meaning of Satyagraha implies the combination of two words in it i.e.Satya + Agraha = Satyagraha.The term Satya has its origin in the Sanskrit 'Sat' means to exist eternally and Agraha means asking firmly.Therefore, Satyagraha means asking firmly for truth.Gandhi used this weapon against the Britishers in the freedom fight of India.The line of an Indian song 'de di hume azadi bina khadag bina dhal' truly explains the power of Satyagraha in Gandhi's hand.M. K. Gandhi provided the power to this phenomenon to grow for human well-being and to protect their rights.In Prakash Jha's film, Satyagraha leaves an impression on the mind with a message that Satyagraha is a highly deep spiritual action that demands sacrifices.Mahatma Gandhi was an extraordinary person with great human virtues such as truth, non-violence, and simplicity.His techniques were not so easy to follow and sometimes irrelevant to the time.He was the voice of the common man but the common man cannot follow his way of living as it is never been easy to follow.The essence of 'Satyagraha' is truth, and stubbornly holding the truth to achieve the targeted aim is the real meaning of this term.Indians have used and are using this philosophy to earn respect and to protect their fundamental rights.It can be used as a conflict resolution strategy and self-management tool in any area of life.Therefore, it is essential to realize the philosophy of Satyagraha to resolve conflict in a peaceful and better manner not to use Satyagraha as a weapon against an opponent.
The Effect of Principal Instructional Leadership and School Climate on ES Teacher Performance

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Many aspects can affect teacher performance. However, on this occasion, the purpose of writing this research article was to see how the Effect of Principal Learning Leadership and School Climate on Elementary School Teacher Performance. This type of research is quantitative research. The research location is Elementary School 15 Kampung Baru. The research population was all teachers who taught at Elementary School 15 Kampuang Baru, totaling 17 people. All populations were sampled using the total sampling technique. A questionnaire using a Likert scale model that has been evaluated for validity and reliability is used to collect data. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and simple and multiple linear regression tests. The results showed that: 1) the instructional leadership of the principal had a significant effect on the performance of elementary school teachers by 30.2%; 2) school climate has a significant effect on the performance of elementary school teachers by 44.1%; and 3) the instructional leadership of the principal and the combined school climate have a significant effect on the performance of elementary school teachers by 50.9%. Other variables not examined affect 49.1%.
Bioethics and the Holocaust in a Multicultural Context

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter explores the importance of diversity and interfaith initiatives in human rights and bioethicseducation, by showing its relevance in the study of the Holocaust. In the first section, a concise reference is made to those political and religious events that created the basic state and theological groundwork, respectively, which in turn led to the early formation of human rights and the confessional dialogue. The second section emphasizes contemporary actions and writings that contributed to the denial of freedom and of self-determination, including anti-Judaic sermons and their perversion into anti-Semitic ones. The third section discusses the creation after the Holocaust of global organizations and institutions, their international impact and modern developments in interfaithinteraction focusing on human rights and bioethics. The fourth section presents educational, multicultural, and inter-religious initiatives that contribute decisively to the increase of awareness and awakening of learners, so that the field of education is transformed into a multidimensional place that generates world citizens.
Laugh it Off: The Effect of Humor on the Well-Being of the Older Adult

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

1. Laughter releases excessive physical and psychological energy, and it reduces stress, anxiety, worry, and frustration. Humor as a skillful nursing intervention can enhance the overall well-being of older adults. 2. If the timing is inappropriate, humor can be a destructive rather than constructive intervention, especially in nursing situations where embarrassing, sensitive, or emotion-laden issues are at hand. 3. This study found that as one ages, one's self-perception of health seems to decrease. Therefore, nurses need to promote a positive outlook toward the aging process and one's own health status while interacting with the elderly in a variety of settings. 4. Nurses should be encouraged to explore the use of humor, not only with patients of all ages, but also with their nurse colleagues to help reduce burn out; to cope with the everyday stress and pressures inherent in the profession; and to enhance learning in the classroom.
Dosing related effects of zoledronic acid on bone markers and creatinine clearance in patients with multiple myeloma and metastatic breast cancer

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Thus, if MM and BC patients are not treated regularly every month with Zol bone turnover is not fully suppressed, while prolonged treatment with zoledronic acid compromises kidney function. We believe that these data significantly contribute to the knowledge needed to find the optimal Zol treatment schedule.
Identity in Roman Egypt

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

© Oxford University Press 2012. All rights reserved. This article discusses identity in Roman Egypt, covering collective identities, state identity, social classes and legal categories, shifts in collective identity, gender, ethnicity and cultural-religious identity, and names as identifiers of kinship bonds and of other collectivities. Identity is about one's place in society. As under the Ptolemies, descent was crucial to belonging to an elite group, and upward mobility was possible. Through wealth, civic donations, and networking, members of the elite were candidates for social promotion. But compared with Ptolemaic times, there was a downturn for the ordinary Egyptian man, woman, and their children, whose path towards the elite groups was limited in many respects. Compartmentalization gained the upper hand. After the Constitutio Antoniniana, wealth replaced descent as the crucial criterion to belonging to the elite.