jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF DURATION OF STEAM-BOILED CASTOR BEAN CAKE ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effect of duration of steam-boiled castor bean cake on the performance of broiler chickens was investigated. Castor bean cake was steam boiled for 0, 30, 40, 50 and 60 minutes respectively for treatments one to five and included at 15% in their diets. Apart from the control diet which had no inclusion of castor bean cake, birds fed diets with castor bean cake steam boiled for 30 minutes showed the best results in average daily weight gain, feed intake, feed to gain ratio and feed cost per kilogram weight gain. The declined performance with increasing durations of steam boiled castor bean cake was attributed to possible compromise of the protein quality. The study therefore concluded that castor bean cake can supplement other protein sources in broiler diets at 15% inclusion level if it is steam boiled for 30 minutes. Further steaming of castor bean cake beyond 30 minutes is not productive as it may alter the protein quality.
Comparison of Cattle Serum Antibody Responses to Five Different Mycobacterial Antigens in an ELISA System.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The presence of common zoonosis diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), such as Johne's and Crohn's diseases, poses a public health threat and economic losses to Iranian livestock. Therefore, the early detection of mycobacteria is of paramount importance. In this regard, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a new, simple to use, rapid, and useful diagnostic tool. This study was performed to evaluate different crude antigens obtained from Mycobacterium species using an indirect ELISA test to identify the mycobacterial infection in infected livestock. Five different strains of Mycobacteria including M. tuberculosis, M. phlei, M. bovis, M. aviumsubspecies paratuberculosis, and M. bovis AN5 were cultured. The crude antigens in the samples were precipitated with trichloroacetic acid 4%. The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of crude antigens isolated from different Mycobacterium species was reported. The total level of protein was determined by the Lowry protein assay. After the crude antigen preparation, the ELISA test was performed and the results were compared with the purified protein derivative skin test. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25. All five strains were detected in more than 92% of healthy animals. The highest sensitivity of ELISA tests was in M. bovis AN5 antigen which was greater than 83%. The highest diagnostic specificity and efficiency of assays were in M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis which was 95.83% and over 83%, respectively. Regarding the results, M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis and M. bovis AN5 antigens were promising candidates for the design of diagnostic ELISA due to their sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency.
ECCSEL – International Laboratory Infrastructure for CCS Research, Education and Innovation

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The transition to a carbon non-emitting energy mix for power generation will take decades. This transition will need to be sustainable, e.g. economically affordable. Fossil fuels, which are abundant, play an important role in this respect, provided that Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) is progressively implemented. CCS is the only way to reduce significantly the emissions from energy intensive industries. Thus, the need for upgraded and new CCS research facilities is widely recognised among stakeholders across Europe, as emphasised by the Zero Emissions Platform (ZEP) [3] and the European Energy Research Alliance on CCS (EERA-CCS) [4]. ECCSEL will provide funders, operators and researchers with significant benefits by offering access to world-class research facilities that, in many cases, are unlikely for a single nation to support in isolation. This implies creation of synergy and the avoidance of duplication as well as streamlining of funding for research facilities. As facilitator of world-class CCS research, ECCSEL will engage with the European research community and other knowledge providers, offering expertise, advanced laboratories and test sites. Thus, ECCSEL will help verify and validate conceptual studies and theories. Moreover, ECCSEL will facilitate fundamental and applied research leading eventually to commercial applications.
Providing the Correct Incentives for Genetic Modification

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Despite a steadily decreasing population growth rate, the absolute level of population is rising and thus ever-increasing supplies of food are required – especially in regions where environmental degradation compromises the ability to produce food. The prospect that genetically modified crops might greatly enhance yields is probably the single greatest argument in favour of genetic engineering of plants (Reiss and Straughan, 1996). One major cause of reduced crop yields is due to crop pests. Worldwide, around a third of all potential crop production is lost through pests (Reiss and Straughan, 1996). The potential for increased crop yields arises from the reduction of crop losses due to pests. Indeed, according to Reiss and Straughan (1996) the most immediate source of increased crop yields will be through enhanced pest resistance. Enthusiasts argue that genetic pest resistance will lead to enhanced yields, reduce the use of pesticides and result in reduced consumer prices. However, there is a concern that GM (genetically modified) crops may present a threat to the environment. In this chapter we limit our analysis to the question of possible impacts on biodiversity caused by a reduction in the availability of food for organisms due to the incorporation of a pest-resistant gene into agricultural crops. The impact on biodiversity will obviously depend on how biodiversity is measured. We utilise the most simple representation of biodiversity – the number of species per unit area. The central question we shall address in this chapter is whether policy on GM crops should be directed towards the growth of the crops themselves or the R&D which leads to the technology for growing GM crops. Obviously, this is not the only issue to be addressed, but we focus on this issue because it is not an issue that has been much addressed in the environmental economics literature. Perhaps this reflects the fact that most economists’ intuition would be that if, as we shall assume, it is the growth of GM crops rather than the undertaking of GM R&D per se which damages the environment, then one should regulate the growing of GM crops. Such regulation may indirectly affect the rate of R&D that is done, but that is a consequence of the policy not a direct target of the policy. In a closely related paper by Sianesi and Ulph (1999) which addresses this question, that is indeed precisely the conclusion that is reached, namely that the only intervention that is
ORIGINAL ARTICLE JBMR Smurf1 Inhibits Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation into Osteoblasts through JunB Degradation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Ubiquitin ligase Smurf1-deficient mice develop an increased-bone-mass phenotype in an age-dependent manner. It was reported that such a bone-mass increase is related to enhanced activities of differentiated osteoblasts. Although osteoblasts are of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) origin and MSC proliferation and differentiation can have significant impacts on bone formation, it remains largely unknown whether regulation of MSCs plays a role in the bone-mass increase of Smurf1-deficient mice. In this study we found that bone marrow mesenchymal progenitor cells from Smurf1 / mice form significantly increased alkaline phosphatase–positive colonies, indicating roles of MSC proliferation and differentiation in bone-mass accrual of Smurf1 / mice. Interestingly, Smurf1 / cells have an elevated protein level of AP-1 transcription factor JunB. Biochemical experiments demonstrate that Smurf1 interacts with JunB through the PY motif and targets JunB protein for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Indeed, Smurf1-deficient MSCs have higher proliferation rates, consistent with the facts that cyclin D1 mRNA and protein both are increased in Smurf1 / cells and JunB can induce cyclinD1 promoter. Moreover, JunB overexpression induces osteoblast differentiation, shown by higher expression of osteoblast markers, and JunB knockdown not only decreases osteoblast differentiation but also restores the osteogenic potential to wild-type level in Smurf1 / cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that Smurf1 negatively regulates MSC proliferation and differentiation by controlling JunB turnover
The Illusion Of Inclusion: Curricular Possibilities Amidst A Homonational Project

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In recent years, the LGBTQ community in the United States experienced many policy changes. Certain political advancements, which promise newfound protections and rights for LGBTQ individuals, might be considered an exceptional accomplishment toward inclusion. There is a lack of research, however, as to how this model of inclusion underpinned by heteronormativity and its appendage, homonormativity, which typically privileges white, well-to-do gay men, is incorporated into curricular resources and the ways in which these depictions and manifestations tie to national interests. As more resources become available to address LGBTQ issues, especially in schools, it is imperative to examine the practices by which these ostensibly progressive approaches may unintentionally reinforce the optimization of some LGBTQ students’ well-being to the detriment of other LGBTQ students – often along intersecting axes of race, gender, sexuality, and class. In particular, an area that warrants scrutiny concerns relations of power that inform conceptualizations of national LGBTQ “inclusion.” This project investigates what types of subjectivities LGBTQ curricular resources (re)produce and how these resources can also resist LGBTQ normativities. By applying a theoretical framework critical of inclusion to mainstream examples of LGBTQ curricular resources, I expose current and emerging approaches to LGBTQ inclusion as limited or exclusionary practices, reinscriptions of existing oppressive power structures, and part of a much larger project, homonationalism, which transform homonormative subjects into model members of the country. I conclude by offering educators suggestions to further “undo” homonationalism, as they, alongside their students, contemplate curricular and pedagogical possibilities for challenging the notion that there is an exemplary mode of being in the classroom and the world.
The orthogonality properties of q-polynomials

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The discrete orthogonality properties of q-polynomials on nonuniform lattices x(s)=Aqs +B from the Scheme “Classification of polynomial solutions of hypergeometric type difference equation” [1,2] are considered for all 12 cases obtaining in [2]. The work is fulfilled in part under financial support of Fundamental Research Fund of Russia (N 93-01-00352) and International Scientific Foundation of Soros (N8N300), and Spanish DGICYT.
Manufacturing issues and measurement techniques for assessment of the effects on structural performance of composite parts

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The effects of manufacturing process parameters on structural strength, durability and damage tolerance are not well understood. In particular, the effects of inadequate design method and manufacturing process used to produce thick carbon/epoxy and glass/epoxy composite fatigue-critical, flight-critical components manifest themselves as defects such as wrinkles and porosity, and they impact the performance and the service life of these components. Such defects deteriorate the matrix-dominated properties resulting in degraded strength and fatigue structural behavior. Accurate measurements to quantify manufacturing defects are essential to establish the part condition and avoid assumptions of the worst-case scenario. As wrinkle geometry and porosity distributions in the fatigue-critical composite parts are three-dimensional, accurate 3D measurement ability is required. The objective of this work is to show the ability of computed tomography (CT) for accurate three-dimensional measurement and characterization of defects in composite structures. Ability to measure wrinkles and porosity in thick structural details is demonstrated. Also, technology development requirements to convert the defect geometry data into finite element models for assessment of the effects of the defects are discussed.
Data Analysis on Detection and Prediction of Covid-19

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Covid-19 has created a huge problem throughout the world. Due to the sudden increase in spread of Covid-19 many of them has lost their lives. Currently there is no proper solution for prevention of virus. Many research are working on to find out the spread of the disease as well as the preventive measures that can be taken to control. We are going to survey various set of research work proposed by different researchers. Based on the information that are collected from different research work. The paper analyses the spread of covid across particular location and to generate the graph based on the data. The details of the particular location such as the no of persons affected, recovered and other details.
[Scintigraphic evaluation of myocardial perfusion after using TI-201 in patients before and after successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We analysed 53 patients (43 men and 19 women) age 38-71. Exercise TI-201 scintigraphy was performed before PTCA, 6 to 10 days and 3 to 6 months after PTCA. Before PTCA in all the patients myocardial perfusion detects on scintigraphy were observed. The imaging performed 6 to 10 days after PTCA showed an improvement seen as a decrease in the number of ischaemic segment in 36 patients (67.9%) and total normalisation of scintigraphic picture in 12 patients. Coronary angiography performed 6 months after PTCA showed patency of the dilated vessel in 11 (91.3%) among these patients. In exercise TI-201 scintigraphy performed 3 to 6 months after PTCA normalised scan was observed in 20 patients, recurrence of stenosis was found only in 2 (10%) of those patients. In 33 patients with transient perfusion defects, angiographic restenosis was found in 22 (60%) patients. Predictive value of exercise TI-201 scintigraphy for occurrence of restenosis was established. Positive predictive value of the study performed 6 to 10 days after PTCA was 56%. Negative predictive values of such a study was 91%. Similarly, for detection of restenosis in scan performed 3 to 6 months after PTCA there was found a strong negative predictive value-90% and a weak positive predictive value-63%.
Investigation of changes in the composition of anodic TiO2 nanotubes at different stages of formation by AES and TOF SIMS methods

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The article presents comprehensive studies of the chemical composition and morphology of nanotubular anodic TiO2 layers at the first stages of the porous structure nucleation, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Auger spectroscopy (AES), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF.SIMS). Our goal was to show the profile distribution of chemical elements and reaction products at each of the initial stages of the anodic oxide growth in the ethylene glycol-based electrolyte containing fluoride, which will help expand the understanding of pore formation mechanism.
Additions and Corrections-The Heat Absorption of Nitrogen on Titanium Dioxide (Rutile) at 77.3 degrees K

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditions and Corrections-The Heat Absorption of Nitrogen on Titanium Dioxide (Rutile) at 77.3 degrees KG Kington and J AstonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 12, 5929Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1951Publication History Published online9 July 2002Published inissue 1 December 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01156a648https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01156a648research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views18Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adaptive Ultra-Wideband/Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Localization Algorithm Based on Maximum Point-by-Point Distance

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Positioning using ultra-wideband (UWB) signals can be used to achieve centimeter-level indoor positioning. UWB has been widely used in indoor localization, vehicle networking, industrial IoT, etc. However, due to non-line-of-sight (NLOS) and multipath interference problems, UWB cannot provide adequate position information, which affects the final positioning accuracy. This paper proposes an adaptive UWB/PDR localization algorithm based on the maximum point-by-point distance to solve the problems of poor UWB performance and the error accumulation of the pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) algorithm in NLOS scenarios that is used to enhance the robustness and accuracy of indoor positioning. Specifically, firstly, the cumulative distribution function (CDF) map of localization under normal conditions is obtained through offline pretraining and then compared with the CDF obtained when pedestrians are moving on the line. Then, the maximum point-by-point distance algorithm is used to identify the abnormal base stations. Then, the standard base stations are filtered out for localization. To further improve the localization accuracy, this paper proposes a UWB/PDR algorithm based on an improved adaptive extended Kalman filtering (EKF), which dynamically adjusts the position information through the adaptive factor, eliminates the influence of significant errors on the current position information and realizes multi-sensor fusion positioning. The realization results show that the algorithm in this paper has a solid ability to identify abnormal base stations and that the adaptive extended Kalman filtering (AEKF) algorithm is improved by 81.27%, 58.50%, 29.76%, and 18.06% compared to the PDR, UWB, EKF, and AEKF algorithms, respectively.
Aryl Ketone‐Catalyzed Light‐Driven Radical Oxy‐Functionalization of Non‐Acidic C(sp3)−H Bonds Enabled by Triple Role of TEMPO

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A light‐driven radical oxy‐functionalization of non‐acidic aliphatic and benzylic C( sp 3 )−H bonds was achieved with 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO) in a single‐step by employing an aryl ketone as a sole catalyst. The transformation was initiated by homolysis of a C( sp 3 )−H bond in the starting substance by the photo‐excited aryl ketone. The derived carbon radical was then promptly trapped by TEMPO leading to the formation of the TEMPO‐adduct. The derived TEMPO‐adduct is synthetically versatile as an alcohol equivalent since it can be readily converted to the corresponding ketone by oxidation and to the corresponding alcohol by reduction. The key to realizing the present catalytic reaction relies on the distinctive triple role of TEMPO, which acts as the precursor of the oxygen functionality, the oxidant to regenerate the aryl ketone, and the protective group for the derived TEMPO‐adduct from over‐oxidation.
[Interaction of menadione and duroquinone with Q-cycle during DT-diaphorase function].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The interaction of quinones (menadione and duroquinone) with DT-diaphorase and mitochondrial electron transport chain translocators at low (120 mosM) and high (400 mosM) values of the medium tonicity in the quinone concentration range of 6-90 microM was studied. It was shown that with a rise in menadione (K3) concentration the number of electron transport carriers interacting with it increase. At K3 concentration of 6 microM the latter is reduced by DT-diaphorase and fully oxidized via the Q-cycle. At K3 concentration of 15 microM the latter is also reduced by DT-diaphorase via the Q-cycle, but in this case the oxidation is incomplete (about 30% K3H2 is oxidized by the terminal part of the respiratory chain). At 90 microM K3 50% of quinone is reduced by DT-diaphorase and 50% by the respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase complex enzymes; about 30% of K3H2 is oxidized via the Q-cycle, about 20%--by the terminal part of the respiratory chain and about 50%--by O2 without cytochrome oxidase. Unlike menadione, duroquinone (6-90 microM) is reduced only by DT-diaphorase and is oxidized in all cases by cytochrome oxidase. It was shown that the increase in the mitochondrial matrix volume in low tonicity media decreases the rate of the DT-diaphorase shunt operation.
Hordeum vulgare L. AGG 491353 BARL

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Hordeum vulgare L.
Common name(s): Barley
Other names: P11
Conserved by: Australian Grains Genebank, DEECA (AGG), Australia
Local sample unique identifier: AGG 491353 BARL
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 2009-04-06
Historical: No
Biological status: Genetic stock
MLS status: Included
Gender Differences in Cannabis Use Disorder Symptoms: A Network Analysis

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background. While cannabis use in women is increasing worldwide, research into gender differences in cannabis use disorder (CUD) symptomology is lacking. In response to limited effectiveness of addiction treatment, research focus has been shifting from clinical diagnoses towards interactions between symptoms, as patterns of symptoms and their interactions could be crucial in understanding etiological mechanisms in addiction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the CUD symptom network and assess whether there are gender differences therein. Methods. A total of 1257 Dutch individuals reporting weekly cannabis use, including 745 men and 512 women, completed online questionnaires assessing DSM-5 CUD symptoms and additional items on plans to quit or reduce use, cigarette use, and the presence of psychological diagnoses. Gender differences were assessed for all variables and an Ising model estimation method was used to estimate CUD symptom networks in men and women using network comparison tests to assess differences. Results. There were gender differences in the prevalence of 6 of the 11 symptoms, but symptom networks did not differ between men and women. Cigarette use appeared to only be connected to the network through withdrawal, indicating a potential role of cigarette smoking in enhancing cannabis withdrawal symptoms. Furthermore, there were gender differences in the network associations of mood and anxiety disorders with CUD symptoms. Conclusion. The association between smoking and withdrawal as well as gender differences in the role of comorbidities in the CUD network highlight the value of using network models to understand CUD and how symptom interactions might affect treatment.