jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Understanding online consumers' utilization of multiple advice sources

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

As increasing numbers of online stores provide multiple advice sources and increasing numbers of shoppers access these sources on the Internet, shoppers develop decision-making strategies to manage a wide variety of information, some of it conflicting. By identifying these decision-making strategies, information system scholars have developed theoretical foundations for designing decision aids. However, few studies have investigated two important aspects: i) online shoppers’ new decision- making strategies in using multiple advice sources that offer diverse opinions; and ii) new decision aids that support such decision-making strategies. My research addresses this gap and consists of three laboratory-based studies. Study #1 identifies new consistency strategies that embed consistency as a key heuristic through verbal protocol analysis. It also shows that online shoppers use consistency strategies to identify products that deserve to be examined and support their belief in the quality of the products. Study #2 proposes consistency distance identification tools (CDITs) that present objective consistency/inconsistency measures as graphical representations. It also finds that the impact of the CDITs on decision quality and efforts is contingent on the fit between shoppers’ trustworthiness of advice sources, their goals in building a low/high level of understanding of advice sources and products, and the functionalities of the CDITs in supporting shoppers’ task and/or goals in the lab experiments. Study #3 proposes inconsistency reduction tools that clarify why advice sources are inconsistent by identifying the differences of preferences between the online shopper and advice sources, as well as facilitating interactions with a recommendation agent (RA). My research reveals two major findings: i) inconsistency among advice sources increases not only online shoppers’ attribution to the RA, but also the perceived incompetence and deceptiveness of the RA; and ii) utilization of inconsistency reduction tools decreases such online shoppers’ reactions to inconsistency among advice sources.
Advanced output of silicone molds in vacuum casting processes by polyamide 12 powder supplementation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Vacuum casting of polyurethane in silicone molds is a widely used method for prototype replication and holds great potential for application in small batch production. Products produced in this way offer extremely good shape accuracy even in the nanometer range and high surface quality, as well as flexible material properties that are convenient for serial production. In this work, we present a new method for increasing the feasible output of silicone casting molds in vacuum casting processes. By supplementation of polyamide 12 powder, which is a waste product of the selective laser sintering process, to the silicone rubber the maximum output of the casting molds could be increased by up to 38.5% while the amount of new silicone used has been substituted by up to 20%. Both generic silicone samples and representative silicone molds have shown that with increasing polyamide content, aging characteristics decrease as the output increases. The improvement was quantified by comparative weight, hardness and thermogravimetric measurements. As surface energy and roughness measurements as well as extensive casting experiments have shown, the silicone surface and thus the product surface remains unimpaired.
Inter-satellite communication link for a space based interferometer

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Radio astronomy has been moving towards lower frequencies in recent years. This trend started with Earth bound large arrays like the low frequency array called LOFAR. After that an initiative to measure even lower frequencies started like the Orbiting Low Frequency Array (OLFAR) in space using a swarm of nano-satellites. Inspired by these initiatives, the goal of the TwenteSat student project is to create a space based interferometer using two tethered nanosatellites. A crucial part of this project is the inter satellite communication which allows data to be shared and control signals to be send between the separated satellites. The possibility of wired communication is examined, as well as wireless communication. In this paper a simple low power wireless communication system is proposed, with the use of commercial off the shelf (COTS) parts.
Skills Gaps and Mismatches: Private Sector Expectations of Engineering Graduates in Ethiopia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article investigates skills gaps and mismatches of engineering graduates. Sustained growth of the Ethiopian economy has created demand for construction work, yet despite the labour demand and engineering graduates seeking employment, employers identify skills gaps hindering their ability to employ them. The study uses key informant interviews with engineering graduates, lecturers, and private sector employers, and document analysis to collect data on the skills gaps and mismatches. The article argues that, while skills gaps are largely caused by poor design of the higher education curriculum and corrupted recruitment practices, the precarious nature of the construction sector and macroeconomic instability \nlimit graduate employment even further. It suggests that education providers work collaboratively with employers to make the curriculum fit for purpose, and that government both makes more realistic and long-term plans for the construction sector, and increases university funding, with an emphasis on quality and practice-focused graduate teaching and learning experiences.
Effect of Monetary Policy on Investment in Russian Regions

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper assesses the effect of monetary policy on investment in Russian regions. In the first stage of the research, we estimate the responses of regional investment to interbank market rate shocks using structural vector autoregressions. In the second stage, we estimate regression models using impulse responses as dependent variables and explanatory factors as independent variables. The regression calculations are performed using the Elastic Net regularisation technique. We find that regions with higher shares of manufacturing, agriculture, and construction are more responsive to monetary policy shocks. In addition, we identified the high importance of these sectors in explaining the different effects of monetary policy on investment. The results also show that the larger is the share of the mining and quarrying sector in the gross regional product (GRP) and the greater the imports to GRP ratio, the smaller is the absolute change in investment from a monetary policy shock.
Calcium Signaling Mechanisms in Renal Vascular Responses to Vasopressin in Genetic Hypertension

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Previous blood flow studies demonstrated that arginine vasopressin (AVP) produces exaggerated renal vasoconstriction in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) compared with Wistar-Kyoto control rats (WKY). The purpose of the present study was to determine the role of postreceptor calcium signaling pathways in AVP-induced renal vasoconstriction in vivo. Renal blood flow (RBF) was measured by electromagnetic flowmetry in anesthetized, water-loaded, 8-week-old WKY and SHR pretreated with indomethacin to avoid interactions with prostaglandins. AVP was injected into the renal artery to produce a transient 25% to 30% decrease in RBF without affecting arterial pressure. To achieve similar control levels of vasoconstriction, SHR received a lower dose (2 versus 5 ng). Coadministration of nifedipine with AVP produced dose-dependent inhibition of the AVP-induced renal vasoconstriction. Nifedipine exerted maximum inhibition by blocking 30% to 35% of the peak AVP response, indicating the involvement of dihydropyridine-sensitive voltage-dependent calcium channels. To evaluate intracellular calcium mobilization, 8-( N,N -diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate (TMB-8) or heparin was coadministered with AVP. Each agent produced a dose-dependent inhibition of up to 65% of the maximum blood flow change produced by AVP. The degrees of inhibition produced by maximum effective doses of nifedipine and TMB-8 were additive; the combination blocked up to 85% of the response to AVP. These observations indicate that about one third of the AVP-induced constriction of renal resistance vessels is mediated by voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels responsive to the dihydropyridine nifedipine. Approximately two thirds of the change in vascular tone is due to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate–mediated calcium mobilization from intracellular sources sensitive to TMB-8 and heparin. The results suggest that the exaggerated renal vascular reactivity to AVP challenge in SHR is probably not due to a strain difference in postreceptor calcium signal transduction. After AVP receptor stimulation, calcium mobilization and calcium entry signaling pathways participate to similar degrees in WKY and SHR.
Levodopa-induced dyskinesia is preceded by increased levels of anxiety and motor impairment in Parkinson’s disease patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Dopamine replacement therapy with levodopa is the gold standard treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD); however long-term levodopa use is associated with abnormal involuntary movements known as levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) in most patients. LID is not preventable and represents the major limitation of PD treatment.Objective: This study was aimed to find clinical and behavioral features that could be used to identify, years in advance, PD patients that are at high risk of developing LID in the future. Method: Data from PD patients enrolled in The Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI, Michael J. Fox Foundation) that developed dyskinesia during their participation in the study were compared with those who did not, and with healthy controls.Result: LID was preceded byhigher levels of trait anxiety and increased motor impairment in PD patients. Additionally, younger age at PD diagnosis, earlier need for dopaminergic therapy and higher initial levodopa dose, were associated with future development of dyskinesia.Conclusion: These findings suggest that easily detectable clinical and behavioral alterations may help to identify PD patients that are more susceptible to develop LID.
Transverse mode control in quantum enhanced interferometers: a review and recommendations for a new generation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Adaptive optics has made significant advancement over the past decade, becoming the essential technology in a wide variety of applications, particularly in the realm of quantum optics. One key area of impact is gravitational-wave detection, where quantum correlations are distributed over kilometer-long distances by beams with hundreds of kilowatts of optical power. Decades of development were required to develop robust and stable techniques to sense mismatches between the Gaussian beams and the resonators, all while maintaining the quantum correlations. Here we summarize the crucial advancements in transverse mode control required for gravitational-wave detection. As we look towards the advanced designs of future detectors, we highlight key challenges and offer recommendations for the design of these instruments. We conclude the review with a discussion of the broader application of adaptive optics in quantum technologies: communication, computation, imaging, and sensing.
Isolated Diatomic Ni‐Fe Metal–Nitrogen Sites for Synergistic Electroreduction of CO2

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Polynary single‐atom structures can combine the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts while providing synergistic functions based on different molecules and their interfaces. However, the fabrication and identification of such an active‐site prototype remain elusive. Here we report isolated diatomic Ni‐Fe sites anchored on nitrogenated carbon as an efficient electrocatalyst for CO 2 reduction. The catalyst exhibits high selectivity with CO Faradaic efficiency above 90 % over a wide potential range from −0.5 to −0.9 V (98 % at −0.7 V), and robust durability, retaining 99 % of its initial selectivity after 30 hours of electrolysis. Density functional theory studies reveal that the neighboring Ni‐Fe centers not only function in synergy to decrease the reaction barrier for the formation of COOH* and desorption of CO, but also undergo distinct structural evolution into a CO‐adsorbed moiety upon CO 2 uptake.
Lesions and localization of viral antigen in tissues of cattle with experimentally induced or naturally acquired mucosal disease, or with naturally acquired chronic bovine viral diarrhea.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Tissues from cattle that died of experimentally induced mucosal disease (n = 3), naturally acquired mucosal disease (n = 6), or naturally acquired chronic bovine viral diarrhea (n = 4) were examined. Consistent findings were lymphocytic depletion of lymphoid tissues, degeneration of myenteric ganglion cells, and mild adrenalitis. Intracytoplasmic viral antigen was detected in myenteric ganglia and in endocrine glandular cells. Noncytopathic virus was isolated from all cattle, and cytopathic virus was isolated from 12 of 13 cattle.
Making Secure Land Tenure Count for Global Development Goals and National Policy: Evidence from Zambia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Adding a module designed to measure land \n tenure-related Sustainable Development Goals indicators to \n the 2018 round of Zambia's labor force survey shows low \n transferability and high levels of tenure insecurity. Having \n a title is associated with greater transferability and \n reduced insecurity. Although demand for titles, including \n willingness to pay, is high, current policies limit the \n scope for tenure regularization and reinforce rather than \n reduce gender discrimination. Efforts in this direction need \n to be preceded by (i) procedural reform to reduce costs, \n streamline procedures, and make them gender-sensitive; (ii) \n institutional change to increase the efficiency of service \n delivery and ensure record maintenance; and (iii) legal \n change to recognize customary tenure and improve land \n management and transferability. Adding the Sustainable \n Development Goals land tenure module to ongoing surveys has \n the potential to provide the evidence base needed to design \n results-based approaches for the land sector and reliably \n track progress.
Atresia of developing Oocytes in walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present study describes the process and characteristic features of oocyte resorption throughout its developmental stages in T. chalcogramma (Pallas, 1814). Histological methods revealed two major resorption pathways: follicular and follicular-histiocytic atresia. Degeneration of oocytes in early stages of development occurs with the participation of follicular cells, whilst late developmental stages are characterized by both follicular and histiocyte cell involvement. As in other species of fish, oocyte resorption in T. chalcogramma serves the function of fecundity regulation and should be regarded as a normal physiological response to environmental or anthropogenic factors.
Numerical Analysis of Two Coupled Kaldor-Kalecki Models with Delay

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper is concerned with two coupled Kaldor-Kalecki models of business cycles with delays in both the gross product and the capital stock.We consider two types of investment functions that lead to different behavior of the system.We introduce the model with unidirectional coupling to investigate the influence of a global economy (like the European Union) on a local economy (like Poland).We present detailed results of numerical analysis.
A Characteristic Map for Symplectic Manifolds

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We construct a local characteristic map to a symplectic manifold M via certain cohomology groups of Hamiltonian vector fields. For each p in M, the Leibniz cohomology of the Hamiltonian vector fields on R^{2n} maps to the Leibniz cohomology of all Hamiltonian vector fields on M. For a particular extension g_n of the symplectic Lie algebra, the Leibniz cohomology of g_n is shown to be an exterior algebra on the canonical symplectic two-form. The Leibniz homology of g_n then maps to the Leibniz homology of Hamiltonian vector fields on R^{2n}.
Diagnostic value of combined determination of serum CA125,TSGF and DD levels in patients with ovarian cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To investigate the clinical value ofcombined detection of the serum levels of CA125,TSGF and DD in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Methods The serum CA125 and DD were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and TSGF was determined by biochemistry shade selection in all 252 patients(including 84 cases of ovarian cancer,84 cases of ovarian benign diseases,84 cases of controls). Results The concentration of CA125,TSGF and DD in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer group were higher than those in ovarian benign diseases group and the controls(all P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in the concentration of CA 125,TSGF and DD between ovarian benign diseases group and the controls(all P ＞ 0.05).In combined assay of CA 125,TSGF and DD,the sensitivity rate was 94.05%,the specificity rate was 90.48%,and the accuracy rate was 92.26%.Comparing with the single assay,combined analysis had much higher diagnostic sensitivity(all P＜0.05). Conclusion The assay of CA125,TSGF and DD had significant dinical value in diagnosis of breast cancer,combined detection could increase the positive detection of ovarian cancer,and compensate the use of only one tumor marker.

Key words:
Ovarian Neoplasms; Carbohydrate antigen 125; Tumor specific growth factor; D-dimer
SME and Risk Finance Aid

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter considers the application of State aid law in general to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), including in particular the issue of SMEs’ access to finance. The chapter begins by considering the situations in which SME support may give rise to aid within the meaning of Article 107(1). The scope of and conditions for the SME exemptions in the GBER are then discussed, and the different types of exempt aid are outlined. The chapter goes on to discuss the application of the Risk Finance Guidelines, which are targeted mainly at SMEs but may sometimes apply to larger undertakings. The direct authorisation of State aid to SMEs (including risk finance aid) under Article 107(2) and (3) TFEU is then addressed. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the application of Articles 107 and 108 TFEU to short-term export credit insurance.
An Invasive Haemophilus haemolyticus Isolate

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Haemophilus haemolyticus is generally considered a human commensal and is found in the nasopharynx of a minority of individuals as well as in subgingival plaque ([7][1]). Most authors consider H. haemolyticus to be either nonpathogenic ([2][2], [4][3], [7][1], [18][4]) or a rare pathogen ([1][5]).
Digital Transformation in the Fashion Industry in the United Kingdom – A Review

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research study investigates the digital transformation in the fashion industry in United Kingdom. The study objectives are to find the current and future trend surround the fashion industry in UK, investigate the challenges of digital transformation in the industry, as well as critically assess the impact of digitalization on fashion industries in the UK. This study is a review of scholarly articles and the secondary data is collected and analyzed using content analysis approach. Findings from this study found that the changing customer preferences (demands), sustainability concerns, etc. are the major trends in the fashion industry in UK. Further findings revealed that balancing the usage of automated technology and human labor, ensuring customer privacy, environmental implications, etc. are the common challenges facing digital transformation in fashion industry. However, the findings revealed some impacts of digitalization to include highly improvement in the design and manufacturing, marketing and sales through the growth of e-commerce, social media, and mobile payments, etc. findings therefore conclude that the digital revolution of the fashion industry has had a significant influence on the UK marketplace, even though it is creating both possibilities and constraints. Yet, by taking a strategic and proactive approach to digital transformation, businesses can position themselves for success in the digital age. This study therefore recommends the total implementation of digital technology in the operations and design of fashion styles in the fashion industry
Reductive Fragmentation of Tetrazoles: Mechanistic Insights and Applications toward the Stereocontrolled Synthesis of 2,6-Polysubstituted Morpholines

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new methodology to synthesize 2,6-di-, and 2,2',6-trisubstituted morpholines via the reduction of oxabicyclic tetrazoles under mild conditions is described. The reaction proved successful for a wide range of tetrazoles, including sterically encumbered ones harboring gem-substituents on tertiary carbon centers. The mechanism for the decades-old reduction of tetrazoles to secondary amines is elucidated.
Bitmojis and Beyond: Incorporating the Studio Habits of Mind Into Online Art Instruction

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size AcknowledgementAlthough written from the first-person perspective of Author 1, an art educator and artist, this article has been collaboratively coauthored with Author 2, a professor of English, education, and educational technology. For clarity, we maintain the first-person perspective throughout this article.Additional informationNotes on contributorsKayla LindemanKayla Lindeman, Visual Arts Educator and Artist in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Email: klindeman.arteducator@gmail.comTroy HicksTroy Hicks, Professor of English and Education, Department of Teacher Education and Professional Development, Central Michigan University in St. Johns, Michigan. Email: hicks1tw@cmich.edu
Simultaneous Uncorrelated Changes of Process Variables in a Fixed-Bed Reactor

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A dynamic experimental method for the investigation of the behaviour of a nonisothermal-nonadiabatic fixed bed reactor is presented. The method is based on the analysis of the axial and radial temperature and concentration profiles measured under the influence of forced uncorrelated sinusoidal changes of the process variables. A two-dimensional reactor model is employed for the description of the reactor behaviour. The model parameters are estimated by statistical analysis of the measured profiles. The efficiency of the dynamic method is shown for the investigation of a pilot plant fixed bed reactor using the hydrogenation of toluene with a commercial nickel catalyst as a test reaction.