jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Policy Implementation of Food Security Program in North Minahasa Regency

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to find out, analyze and describe the Food Security Program Policy in the rice sector as well as the determinant factors in achieving food security in the rice sector in North Minahasa Regency with a focus on the main indicators, namely rice availability, rice production, rice access and rice price stability.The research used a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, through in-depth interviews with the Food Service Office, farmers, and the community, as well as document review related to regional food security policies. The results show that the availability of rice in North Minahasa Regency is good and stable, characterized by surplus stocks in the first quarter of 2025. Rice production has increased thanks to government assistance in the form of superior seeds, subsidized fertilizers, training, and agricultural tools. However, production is still constrained by land shrinkage, erratic weather, and limited irrigation. Access to rice in mainland areas is considered quite good, but island areas still face distribution barriers due to lack of infrastructure and sea transportation. Determinant factors affecting food security, particularly in the aspects of rice production and access, include agricultural land area, weather and irrigation conditions, distribution infrastructure, people's purchasing power, and local government policies. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the government strengthen the protection of agricultural land, improve distribution infrastructure, especially in remote areas, expand the scope of cheap food programs, and encourage the use of adaptive agricultural technology. Future research is recommended to use a quantitative approach or a comparative study between regions to expand the scope of the analysis.
The Pituitary-Adrenal Responses to Exogenous Human Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in Preterm, Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract To evaluate the pituitary-adrenal reserve and to standardize the methodology of performing the human CRH (hCRH) stimulation test, we performed the hCRH test on 14 preterm (&lt;32 gestational weeks), very low birth weight infants, who did not receive antenatal or postnatal corticosteroid treatment, on days 7 and 14 of life. Blood samples were obtained 0 (baseline), 15, 30, and 60 min after an iv dose of hCRH (1μ g/kg). The plasma ACTH concentration rose from a basal value of 5.7 ± 0.6 pmol/L (mean ± sem) to 11.9 ± 2.1 pmol/L (P &lt; 0.005), 9.2 ± 1.2 pmol/L (P &lt; 0.005), and 7.7 ± 0.8 pmol/L (P &lt; 0.005) at 15, 30, and 60 min, respectively. The corresponding rises in serum cortisol from a basal concentration of 396 ± 67 nmol/L were 509 ± 71 nmol/L (P&lt; 0.0001), 647 ± 62 nmol/L (P &lt; 0.0001), and 578 ± 60 nmol/L (P &lt; 0.0001). The plasma ACTH concentration consistently peaked early at 15 min, whereas the maximum cortisol response occurred 30 min post-hCRH stimulation. No significant differences were detected between the hCRH tests performed on days 7 and 14 (P &gt; 0.15). Mechanical ventilation, infant gender, and mode of delivery did not significantly influence the hormonal responses (P &gt; 0.25). We have defined in this study the pattern, the magnitude of the pituitary-adrenal response, and the timing of the peak concentrations of plasma ACTH and serum cortisol in relation to a standard iv dose of hCRH. The hCRH test in very low birth weight infants appears to be safe and reproducible, and produces a pituitary-adrenal response comparable to that seen in older children and adults, indicating that pituitary-adrenal function is mature at these early stages of gestation.
Application of Artificial Neural Network to the Saccharification Technology of Monascus Waxberry Wine Optimization

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Artificial Neural Network (ANN) combined with traditional orthogonal design, a new method of test data analyzing and processing was put forward. By full use of the test data, the best saccharification technology of glutinous rice by two enzymes method in monascus waxberry wine was obtained. The satisfactory results show that this new method is reasonable and practicable.
Women in the Deserted City

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

During the last two decades in Italy, a new generation of women filmmakers has established its own space in the traditionally male-dominated film industry. This burgeoning group represents and positions female subjectivity in new and complex ways, specifically in urban contexts, which act not merely as background for filmed events but also as "objects of exploration, investigation and interpretation, settings for voyages of discovery."2 Filmmakers such as Marina Spada, Francesca Comencini, Antonietta De Lillo, Roberta Torre, Nina Di Majo, Wilma Labate, Paola Randi, and Alice Rohrwacher have taken Italian cities like Milan, Rome, Naples, and Reggio Calabria, which are already part of the global cinematic imagination, and transformed them into subjects that serve to generate the narration of their films.KeywordsUrban LandscapeUrban SpaceFemale CharacterUrban ContextFilm IndustryThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
The Death of an Idea: Political, Historical, and Poetic Visions of Hasidism

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter addresses the ideological crisis among Polish Jewish integrationists at the start of the twentieth century. One of the signs of departure from the old ideological line was the rapidly changing attitude to hasidism. On the one hand, politically involved journalists such as Nachum Sokołów saw a new political threat in the hasidic movement and called for an alliance of all non-hasidic political forces against this group. On the other hand, from the mid-1890s, it became more and more common to idealize the hasidic past, to see the movement as the fascinating creation of folk mysticism, a depository of authentic Jewish folklore, and above all an excellent literary theme. These two attitudes, although they seemed contradictory, frequently coexisted. Usually, they were evident in the belief that the good and beautiful teachings of the fathers of hasidism were later distorted by the tsadikim and had led to the contemporary degenerate form of the political movement. The great interest in the origins of the movement was undoubtedly an attempt to escape contemporary reality and, at the same time, to escape the confrontational attitudes of the maskilim. This was obviously the result of changes in European writings that took place at the turn of the century in relation to the historiographic, philosophical, and literary portrayal of hasidism.
Does Silk Road E-commerce Cooperation Promote Regional Export? Evidence From the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study aims to evaluate the impact of Silk Road e-commerce cooperation on the export trade of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Since 2016, China has entered into memorandums of understanding (MOUs) for e-commerce cooperation with various countries, establishing bilateral partnerships, which provides us with a quasi-natural experiment. This study employs the multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) method, drawing on export data from 166 countries and regions spanning 2010 to 2022. The findings reveal that Silk Road e-commerce cooperation has significantly enhanced exports from the Greater Bay Area, primarily by reducing cross-border logistics costs and trade-related search costs. Furthermore, the cooperation has notably boosted exports to African and Asian countries, with much more significant effect on exports to developing economies. This study lies in its pioneering focus on the Greater Bay Area’s active engagement in the international trade through the Silk Road E-commerce cooperation, providing valuable theoretical support for understanding the connection between institutional openness and trade.
Fast propagation of cyclamen clones from single plant through tissue culture

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Clones of cyclamen were fast propagated through tissue culture.Studies were made on formula of mediums suitable for different culture stages such as primary culture,successive culture,growth and rooting.The results showed that,in order to start differentiation of adventitious buds,it was necessary to add both 6 BA and 2,4 D during primary culture.During successive culture,hormones,sugar sources,cultivar and individual plant all had significant influence on differentiation of buds and regeneration of shoots.During the rooting stage,there was highly significant difference between cultivars and cultivars showed different sensitivity to the concentration of hormone and its range.Before rooting,adventitious buds went through another run of culture to make them stronger.They showed better performance in rooting and growth.Obtaining clones from single plant and then making selective fast propagation is a new way to propagate cyclamen.
Planning, Design, and Construction of the Central Utah Water Conservancy District Water Development Project — CWP Pipeline

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Central Utah Water Conservancy District (District) is a political subdivision of the State of Utah originally charged with managing and operating the Central Utah Project, a federally funded water project. The District covers 10 counties of Utah and provides culinary and secondary water to a wide range of communities and water districts within these counties. They are primarily a water wholesaler and provide water to communities and other water districts. They operate several dams, reservoirs, canals, pipelines, tunnels, and water treatment plants. In 2005, the District opted to purchase about 42,000 acre-feet of groundwater rights, 23 existing wells, pipelines, a pump station and other associated assets made available from the bankruptcy liquidation of the former Geneva Steel Plant which was located in Vineyard, Utah on the shore of Utah Lake. This purchase provided an opportunity to convert groundwater sources that had previously been used for industrial purposes into a municipal/industrial system by the District. The District then embarked on a study to determine the best way to use this resource. MWH Americas, Inc. was hired to assist the District in planning and implementing a program to use this water and other rights the District has accumulated over the years. After examining several options the District decided to develop their first non-federally funded system to develop and distribute this water to their customer's agencies. In an analysis of needs, it was determined that the majority of the communities that needed and wanted additional water for current and future growth were located north and west of Utah Lake in northern Utah County and Salt Lake County located to the north of Utah County. A system was developed to pump, store, and convey the water to potential end users. Figure 1 shows the basic concepts developed for the project. The project was named the Central Utah Water Conservancy District Water Development Project and given the short title of CWP.
Research Article: Using Simulation Games to Teach Ecosystem Service Synergies and Trade-offs

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Natural capital is of critical importance for biodiversity and people's well-being. Studies indicate that understanding the connection between environmental health and human benefit (i.e., ecosystem services) can promote conservation-friendly decisions; however, many people don't recognize the benefits they derive from nature, nor the way their decisions affect those benefits—and the consequences for our communities and economy. One method we have tested for educating people about ecosystem services and valuation is game-based learning. To help people understand their potential impact on ecosystem services, and how alternative decisions can have better or worse outcomes for people and nature, we created two social simulation games collectively called Tradeoff! Through an iterative design process and pilot testing in a number of locations with a variety of audiences, we have developed a set of learning principles for educational ecosystem service games.
In Vitro Osteoinductivity Assay of Hydroxylapatite Scaffolds, Obtained with Biomorphic Transformation Processes, Assessed Using Human Adipose Stem Cell Cultures

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, the in vitro biocompatibility and osteoinductive ability of a recently developed biomorphic hydroxylapatite ceramic scaffold (B-HA) derived from transformation of wood structures were analyzed using human adipose stem cells (hASCs). Cell viability and metabolic activity were evaluated in hASCs, parental cells and in recombinant genetically engineered hASC-eGFP cells expressing the green fluorescence protein. B-HA osteoinductivity properties, such as differentially expressed genes (DEG) involved in the skeletal development pathway, osteocalcin (OCN) protein expression and mineral matrix deposition in hASCs, were evaluated. In vitro induction of osteoblastic genes, such as Alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), Bone gamma-carboxyglutamate (gla) protein (BGLAP), SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3), Sp7 transcription factor (SP7) and Transforming growth factor, beta 3 (TGFB3) and Tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11 (TNFSF11)/Receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) ligand (RANKL), involved in osteoclast differentiation, was undertaken in cells grown on B-HA. Chondrogenic transcription factor SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9 (SOX9), tested up-regulated in hASCs grown on the B-HA scaffold. Gene expression enhancement in the skeletal development pathway was detected in hASCs using B-HA compared to sintered hydroxylapatite (S-HA). OCN protein expression and calcium deposition were increased in hASCs grown on B-HA in comparison with the control. This study demonstrates the biocompatibility of the novel biomorphic B-HA scaffold and its potential use in osteogenic differentiation for hASCs. Our data highlight the relevance of B-HA for bone regeneration purposes.
Seasonal occurrence of three Lepidoptera on broccoli and effectiveness of planting date as a pest management tool in southeastern New Brunswick

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Seasonal variations in abundance of three lepidopterous pests, the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella [Lepidoptera : Plutellidae], the imported cabbageworm, Pieris rapae [Lepidoptera : Pieridae], and the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni [Lepidoptera : Noctuidae], were monitored over two years in broccoli plantings ( Brassica oleracea var. italica ) in southeastern New Brunswick. Four population peaks of imported cabbageworm were seen in 1990 and 1991 with 92 and 99% of the total larval population, respectively, being recorded during the latter part of the season, after 23 July. Four population peaks were also recorded for the diamondback moth in 1990 and 1991 with 81 and 97%, respectively, of the population being recorded after 23 July. Populations of cabbage looper appeared later in the season and because of low numbers were more difficult to assess. Using cabbage looper equivalents (CLE), the effectiveness of planting date as a pest management tool was also studied. Early crops have lower mean CLE per plant
The role of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in regulating coronary microcirculation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K+ATP channel) is known to exist in blood vessels and to regulate vascular tone. We examined the role of this channel in coronary arteriolar vasomotion during coronary autoregulation, ischemia, reactive hyperemia and endothelium-dependent response by acetylcholine in vivo. Experiments were performed with anesthetized open-chest dogs. Coronary arterioles were directly observed in situ by means of a floating objective system or a stroboscopic epi-illumination system synchronized with cardiac motion. Small arterioles less than 100 microns in internal diameter dilated in response to reduction in perfusion pressure (perfusion pressure: 60, 40, 25 mm Hg). Glibenclamide, a selective blocker of the K+ATP channel, reversed the dilation. Reactive hyperemia produced by 20-second occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery resulted in arteriolar dilation, the magnitude of which was greater in smaller arterioles than in larger ones. Glibenclamide significantly inhibited the dilation in both large and small arterioles. Acetylcholine (ACh) produced dilation in arterioles of all sizes. NG-monomethyl L-arginine, a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, abolished the dilation of large arterioles, but failed to abolish the dilation in small arterioles. Glibenclamide, however, did not have any additional inhibitory effect on ACh-induced arteriolar dilation. Thus, we conclude that the K+ATP channel plays an important role in coronary microvascular vasomotion during autoregulation, ischemia and reactive hyperemia, but not during endothelium-dependent vasodilation induced by ACh in vivo.
Blood parasite prevalence and abundance in the bird communities of several forested locations in Southeast Asia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Parasites were studied qualitatively and quantitatively from the blood of 859 birds mist-netted between 1998 and 2003 in Singapore, Peninsular Malaysia (Cameron Highland, Fraser's Hill, Pasoh and Johor), East Malaysia (Sarawak) and Indonesia (Java). The total prevalence and relative abundance of haemoparasitic infection in the birds were evaluated by location (study area) and habitat type (e.g. primary forest). Over 50% of the examined bird species were parasitized by more than one species, in some up to five. The greater research effort was invested in Fraser and Cameron, yielding the largest numbers of birds (340) and species (55), and contributing the largest share of the recovered haemoparasites. The Fraser's Hill collection yielded the highest prevalence. The prevalence in Cameron Highlands's birds varied annually. In the latter area, Leucocytozoon infection was consistently more prevalent than Haemoproteus. In the remaining study areas, the overall prevalence was considerably lower, usually not exceeding 20% and predominated by Haemoproteus. The overall infection in Pasoh and Singapore did not exceed 6%. In the rest of the study areas Leucocytozoon prevalence was 0–3%. Our prevalence data seemed to fluctuate between years, but their magnitude could be evaluated without multi-annual studies. No particular preference in the efficacy of transmission could be demonstrated for either primary or secondary forests.
ALIGNING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION & EMPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A CASE STUDY OF PAKISTAN

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Rapidly accelerating advances in information and communication technologies have profound social, economic, and geo-political impacts worldwide. This study, which is part of an ongoing global collaboration, examines the state of information technology (IT) education and employment in Pakistan. Analysis of the data collected through a survey of IT graduates in Pakistan and other sources indicate possible gender and geographic imbalances in the supply and demand for IT skills in the country. An information technology education maturity model is used to objectively assess the adequacy of computing education in the country with a view to prepare graduates for jobs within the country and worldwide. It is hoped that the findings and recommendations of this study would be of use in other developing countries, especially those that are at similar stages of development.
Decision Support System for Selection of Project Delivery Method in Transit

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

A decision support system was developed to help transit agencies evaluate and choose the most appropriate project delivery method for their capital projects. The system considers the traditional design–bid–build, construction manager-at-risk, design–build, and design–build–operate–maintain delivery methods. A set of 24 pertinent issues that can affect the choice of project delivery method are identified and described. The described decision support system consists of two distinct tiers. The first tier is a qualitative assessment in which the decision maker evaluates the effectiveness of each delivery method for dealing with the relevant pertinent issues. This tier will help agencies determine if there is a dominant or obvious choice of project delivery method. If at the end of this stage a clear choice is not evident, the user will move to the second tier, where a weighted matrix is used to score competing alternatives. The system will also provide a structure for documenting the project delivery decision in the form of a project delivery decision report. A validation process for the system is described, and a brief example is provided to show the application of the decision support system.
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum BW 57511

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum
Common name(s): Wheat
Other names: CMSS14B01679T-099TOPY-099M-0SY-9M-0WGY
Conserved by: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico
Local sample unique identifier: BW 57511
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 2020-07-10
Other identifiers: n/a,BW57511, n/a,CID 638689 SID 65, n/a,GID 8242994
Historical: No
Biological status: Breeder's line
MLS status: Included
Intensive Surveillance of Porcine‐Rhesus Kidney Xenotransplant Using Different Ultrasound Techniques

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Background Significant progress has been made in kidney xenotransplantation in the past few years, and this field is accelerating towards clinical translation. Therefore, surveillance of the xenograft with appropriate tools is of great importance. Ultrasonography has been widely used in kidney allotransplantation and served as an economical and non‐invasive method to monitor the allograft. However, questions remain whether the ultrasonographic criteria established for human kidney allograft could also be applied in xenotransplantation. Methods In the current study, we established a porcine‐rhesus life sustaining kidney xenotransplantation model. The xenograft underwent intensive surveillance using gray‐scale, colorful Doppler ultrasound as well as 2D shear wave elastography. The kidney growth, blood perfusion, and cortical stiffness were measured twice a day. These parameters were compared with the clinical data including urine output, chemistry, and pathological findings. Results The observation continued for 16 days after transplantation. Decline of urine output and elevated serum creatinine were observed on POD9 and biopsy proven antibody‐mediated rejection was seen on the same day. The xenograft underwent substantial growth, with the long axis length increased by 32% and the volume increased by threefold at the end of observation. The resistive index of the xenograft arteries elevated in response to rejection, together with impaired cortical perfusion, while the peak systolic velocity (PSV) was not compromised. The cortical stiffness also increased along with rejection. Conclusion In summary, the ultrasound findings of kidney xenograft shared similarities with those in allograft but possessed some unique features. A modified criteria needs to be established for further application of ultrasound in kidney xenotransplantation.