jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An explorative analysis of Azerbaijan’s Covid-19 policy response and public opinion

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In responding to the Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, some policy responses to suppress and mitigate the disease’s socio-economic effects have been more effective than others. Despite resource wealth Azerbaijan has a problem with public trust in institutions, which is revealed in the responses to Covid-19, especially its economic impacts. This research employs a mixed-method approach to explore Azerbaijan’s Covid-19 policy response and its socio-economic effects. An explorative analysis reveals the country’s poor level of preparedness before the pandemic and ambiguous public opinion on the government’s anti-pandemic policies. A substantial part of the population reports low self-perceived satisfaction with life, their financial situation and social environment, and significant concerns about the strict quarantine regime’s long duration and high probability of being unemployed. In addition, people’s satisfaction with life, financial situation, and social environment are statistically significant correlates of public opinion on Azerbaijan’s Covid-19 policy response. Therefore, the government should reconsider its current Covid-19 policy responses for future crisis management policies. Long-term disruption of economic life could have high socio-economic costs and repercussions for well-being, create institutional distrust and bring further instabilities. Enhancing public trust in the state should be a top priority in the government agenda.
THE MOSQUITOES OF THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES EAST OF OKLAHOMA AND TEXAS, By S. J. Carpenter, W. W. Middlekauff and R. W. Chamberlain. The American Midland Naturalist. Monograph No. 3, pp. 292. (University Press, Notre Dame, Indiana).

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

THE MOSQUITOES OF THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES EAST OF OKLAHOMA AND TEXAS, By S. J. Carpenter, W. W. Middlekauff and R. W. Chamberlain. The American Midland Naturalist. Monograph No. 3, pp. 292. (University Press, Notre Dame, Indiana). - Volume 78 Issue 7-8
SAT-479 EVALUATION OF PROCALCITONIN LEVELS IN HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT BACTERIAL SEPSIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Bacterial sepsis and its complications are the major cause of mortality in patients on maintenance haemodialysis. Early diagnosis of bacterial sepsis in these patients is important for timely and prompt treatment. The markers such as leukocyte counts and C-reactive protein routinely used in the diagnosis of bacterial infections in non haemodialysis patients have low specificity and sensitivity in these patients. Procalcitonin (PCT) has been advocated as a marker of bacterial sepsis with high sensitivity and specificity.
1-D numerical simulation of sediment transport in alluvial channel beds

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Quantitative estimate of sediment transport processes is important especially in river-control engineering and for water management projects. In this paper the sediment routing of a 1-D model is presented and applied to some study cases. The procedure simulates the variations of bed roughness conditions due to natural sorting and to generation and migration of bed forms. The suspended-load and the bed-load are treated separately.
A comparison between two models for bubble dynamics and their predictions for the theory of sonoluminescence of Lohse et al

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Lohse and co-workers [Hilgenfeldt et al., Phys. Fluids 8, 2808 (1996)] have formulated a theory of bubble stability in relation to sonoluminescence emission. The theory is based on a simplified model describing the spherical oscillations of a gas bubble. This paper compares the results given by that model with those of a more detailed one in which liquid compressibility and thermal effects in the bubble are accounted for with greater precision. A comparison of the results given by the two models throws some interesting light on the subtle effects of energy dissipation. It is shown that, even though the bubble radius versus time as predicted by the two models does not differ very much, derived quantities—such as various stability thresholds—are nevertheless substantially affected. In particular, the parametric stability threshold calculated by the new model is in better agreement with experiment. The parameter range where sonoluminescence should be observable according to the new model is enlarged with respect with the original theory of Lohse and co-workers. A study of whether light emission is indeed observable in this extended range should help examine the validity of the theory. [Work supported by the Office of Naval Research and NASA.]
Obtaining transgenic plants of elite indica rice containing rice starch branching enzyme gene rbe1 via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rice starch branching enzyme gene rbe1 under the control of promotor Gt1 in sense orientation was introduced into several varieties of indica rice (Zhenshan 97B; Ⅱ-32B; restorer line Minghui 86, Minghui 81 and Hang No.1) by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation after comparing several influence factors, including callus state, antibiotic type and concentration, and hygromycin content. PCR and Southern blotting analysis showed that rbe1 gene had been integrated into indica rice genome.
Ordered Quasi(BI)- - Ideals in Ordered - Semirings

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we have defined ordered quasi- - ideals and ordered bi- - ideals in ordered - semirings by defining the relation â€œ â€ in ordered semiring as if for any By using this relation we have shown that ordered quasi- - ideals and ordered bi- - ideals in ordered - semirings are generalization of quasi-ideals and bi-ideals in ordered semirings. Properties of many types of ordered - ideals including (semi)prime, (strongly) irreducible, and maximal ordered quasi- - ideals and ordered bi- - ideals in ordered - semirings have been studied.
Laser material processing optimization using bayesian optimization: a generic tool

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Optimizing laser processes is historically challenging, requiring extensive and costly experimentation. To solve this issue, we apply Bayesian optimization for process parameter optimization to laser cutting, welding, and polishing. We demonstrate how readily available Bayesian optimization frameworks enable efficient optimization of laser processes with only modest expert knowledge. Case studies on laser cutting, welding, and polishing highlight its adaptability to real-world manufacturing scenarios. Moreover, the examples emphasize that with suitable cost functions and boundaries an acceptable optimization result can be achieved after a reasonable number of experiments.
Topical Androgen Treatment for ACNE a Review

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Acne results from the increased production of sebum and the accumulation of sebum in the sebaceous duct. Androgens have a direct influence on this condition as they stimulate both the formation of sebum and the hyperkeratinisation of the upper part of the duct which leads eventually to its obstruction. Clinical tests have demonstrated that most acne patients do not have an increased level of androgen in the blood. They do, however, show an increased conversion of testosterone to 5-alpha-dihy-drotestosterone (5-alpha-DHT) in the skin. This latter hormone is responsible for the stimulation of the sebaceous gland. The enzymic conversion of testosterone to 5-alpha-DHT can be inhibited by progesterone. Progesterone, when applied topically in an alcohol/water solution, is 80 percent metabolized in the skin and is not converted into androgens in the body. It may therefore be expected that the topical application of progesterone will not give rise to side effects in either men or women. Preliminary trials are in agreement with this expectation. Extensive clinical investigations of an alcohol/ water solution of progesterone are therefore recommended, as this may be the first clinically useful, locally active, antiandrogen to be effective in the treatment of acne.
Rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD): Clinical, functional features, and variables associated poor initial prognosis in a chilean cohort

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: ILD is a frequent extra-articular manifestation of RA and explains for much of the morbidity and mortality. The aims of our study is to describe clinical, functional features of patients with RA-ILD and the variables associated with poor lung function at baseline. Methods: Multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients evaluated in two centers: Instituto Nacional del Torax and Hospital Clinico de la Universidad de Chile. A descriptive and comparative analysis was performed between the RA-ILD and RA/ without ILD groups; and univariate/multivariate analysis for the variables associated with poor lung function (CVF <70%/DLCO <60%). Results: 216 patients with RA: 120 RA-ILD and 96 RA / without ILD were included. 83.8% women with a median age 62 years [50–73]. Patients with RA-ILD were significantly older, more smokers, and showed higher ACPA positivity compared to those RA/ without ILD. The use of methotrexate, leflunomide (LEF), adalimumab and etanercept; was significantly lower in RA-ILD. In 90.5% the diagnosis of ILD was made in the context of an established disease. In 47.5% the patients were poor lung function baseline of these 52.6% had UIP pattern. The variables associated with poor pulmonary function were smoking (OR 9.23, p=0.012), longer duration of arthritis (OR 0.79, p=0.007) and use of LEF (OR 0.13, p=0.066). Conclusions: In our cohort, the diagnosis of ILD was made in the context of an established disease, presenting the majority radiological pattern of UIP. The factors associated with poor lung function forced smoking and the duration of RA and the use of LEF stand out as a protective factor.
Association of hypersensitivity reactions to oxaliplatin with cumulative dose of oxaliplatin.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

584 Background: The incidence of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to oxaliplatin (L-OHP) in colorectal cancer patients (CRC) receiving the 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin plus L-OHP (FOLFOX) regimen is reported to be 10 to 17%. There are several reports of clinical features of HSRs to L-OHP, but the relationship between HSRs and the cumulative dose of L-OHP has not been clarified. Methods: From August 2005 to July 2009, a total of 54 CRC patients who developed HSRs during treatment with mFOLFOX6 or mFOLFOX6 plus bevacizumab regimen as first-line treatment, were reviewed retrospectively. Within this patient group, sixteen patients had an L-OHP-free interval of at least three months or more. We investigated the clinical features of HSRs associated with L-OHP in our institution, and evaluated the degree to which its occurrence is dependent upon the cumulative dose of L-OHP in patients who had an interruption of L-OHP. Results: Within the sample of 54 patients, HSRs occurred after a median treatment course number of 8 (range 2-19), and the median cumulative dose of L-OHP being 700 mg/m 2 (range 170-1615). In these subjects, grade1/2/3 HSRs developed in 33/20/1 patients, respectively. Re-challenge of L-OHP combined with prophylactic agents was performed in 42 patients (78%). There were 16 patients who had an L-OHP- free interval, in whom the major reason for L-OHP withdrawal was neurotoxicity, with reintroduction because of tumor progression or recurrence. Of these 16 patients, 10 developed the first HSRs after reintroduction of L-OHP. Among these 10 patients, grade1/2/3 HSRs developed in 6/3/1 patients, respectively, and occurred at a median course number of 2.5 following re-infusion of L-OHP, or 12 treatments after the initial infusion. The median cumulative dose of L-OHP at HSRs in this patient group was 213 mg/m 2 after the re-introduced infusion, and a total of 1088 mg/m 2 since initial onset of treatment. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the development of HSRs during L-OHP treatment depends on the cumulative dose from the initial administration even in patients who experienced an L-OHP-free interval. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The human jaw movement analysis by finite element analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The human jaw is an important part of the human day to day activity. These activities include talking, eating, grimacing, singing, yawning and so on. Due to its activities, the jaw undergoes a lot of stress and strain. The jaw consist of fixed part which is the upper jaw or maxilla and the movable part which is the lower jaw or the mandible. The research was centered on the mandible because it is the major moving part of the jaw. Mastication, speech and few sport related accident conditions were considered in relation to the mandibles opening and closing movements. To carry out these analyses, Mimics software was used to obtain a 3D model of the mandible while ANSYS software performed the finite element analysis. Other software were in cooperated where necessary. This analysis gives insights to the stress and strain distribution of the mandible in particular since it is the major moving part of the jaw. Understanding the effects of compression, tension and deformations on the mandible and how it adjusts to the various stages of jaw movement was the main objective of this analysis.
Acquisition of Contact Force and Slippage Using a Vision-Based Tactile Sensor with a Fluid-Type Touchpad for the Dexterous Handling of Robots

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a new approach for estimating contact force and slippage by using a vision-based tactile sensor with a fluid-type touchpad for the dexterous handling of robots. The sensor consists of a CCD camera, LED lights, a transparent acrylic plate and a deformable touchpad. The sensor can obtain a variety of tactile information, such as the contact force, shape, contact region, position and orientation of an object in contact with the fluid-type touchpad. The previous method for measuring contact force requires extensive calculation; this paper proposes a new method based on lookup tables for measuring normal force, tangential force and moment, using a fluid-type touchpad. Additionally, we clarify the mechanism of slippage between a fluid-type touchpad and a contacted object. This mechanism is efficient for applying the proposed slippage estimation method to a fluid-type touchpad. The validation of the proposed methods is confirmed in the experimental results.
Prophylaxis in Tuberculosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor:—

This pertains to a question regarding prophylaxis in tuberculosis (197:1112,1966), which concerned an elderly woman whose husband had died of tuberculosis. Her chest film showed nothing abnormal. The tuberculin test was positive, with degree of induration not recorded. Isoniazid prophylaxis was advised, in which recommendation I concur. The consultant further advised that the patient should be followed up by periodic physical examinations and a chest roentgenogram quarterly for about three years and annually thereafter. I wish to comment about the routine of repeated x-ray films that is recommended, aside from the question of radiation. I believe this time-honored custom of frequently x-raying contacts where the source case has been removed is unrewarding. It probably had some justification in the prechemotherapy era. In our experience, the same goal is achieved by less film taking and a bit more attention to skin testing and the use of isoniazid.
Application of Magnetic Resonance Strain Analysis Using Feature Tracking in a Myocardial Infarction Model

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study validates the usefulness of myocardial strain analysis with cardiac cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by evaluating the changes in the cardiac function and myocardial strain values longitudinally in a myocardial disease model. Six eight-week-old male Wistar rats were used as a model of myocardial infarction (MI). Cine images were taken in the short axis, two-chamber view longitudinal axis, and four-chamber view longitudinal axis directions in rats 3 and 9 days after MI and in control rats, with preclinical 7-T MRI. The control images and the images on days 3 and 9 were evaluated by measuring the ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and the strain values in the circumferential (CS), radial (RS), and longitudinal directions (LS). The CS decreased significantly 3 days after MI, but there was no difference between the images on days 3 and 9. The two-chamber view LS was −9.7 ± 2.1% at 3 days and −13.9 ± 1.4% at 9 days after MI. The four-chamber view LS was −9.9 ± 1.5% at 3 days and −11.9 ± 1.3% at 9 days after MI. Both the two- and four-chamber LS values were significantly decreased 3 days after MI. Myocardial strain analysis is, therefore, useful for assessing the pathophysiology of MI.
The usefulness of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma viability after transarterial chemoembolization: pilot study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the assessment of the response to TACE, CEUS at 4 weeks showed excellent results for detecting residual viable HCC, which suggests that CEUS can be used as an early additive diagnosis tool when deciding early additional treatment with TACE.
Feeling an outsider left in uncertainty – a phenomenological study on the experiences of older hospital patients

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This paper starts from a care ethical perspective on care and reports on a phenomenological study into older patients’ experiences of hospitalisation. Although hospital care for older patients is at the centre of attention, questions what is at stake and what defines quality of care are rarely discussed with a view to the perspective of older patients themselves. The qualitative observational method of shadowing was used. Ten patients of 75 years old or older were shadowed from admission until discharge. The reflective lifeworld approach, based on phenomenological philosophy, was used to analyse the collected data. For the older patients included in the study, the essential meaning of hospitalisation can be described as feeling an outsider left in uncertainty . The word ‘left’ reveals how hospitalisation is experienced as a solitary struggle with various uncertainties that are related both to the hospital environment and to the patient's personal situation. The essential meaning is composed of the following three constituents: (i) staying in an inhospitable place, (ii) feeling constrained and (iii) experiencing disruption. The busy walking back and forth of care professionals and the functional character of involvement, restrain older patients from participating and make them feel abandoned. Feeling constrained reveals the feelings brought on by the ageing body which are emphasised by hospitalisation but often neglected by hospital staff. The failure of healthcare professionals to recognise and respond to who older patients are aside from their illness exacerbate the experience of disruptions. To improve care, hospital staff must be more sensitive to older patients’ uncertainties. Also, hospital staff should provide older patients with understandable information and explanation which besides offering patients the possibility to feel involved, meets their need for recognition.
Multi-Modal Representation learning for molecules

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Molecular representation learning is a fundamental challenge in AI-driven drug discovery, with traditional unimodal approaches relying solely on chemical structures often failing to capture the biological context necessary for accurate toxicity and activity predictions. To address this, we propose a multimodal representation learning framework that integrates molecular data with biological modalities, including morphological features from Cell Painting assays and transcriptomic profiles from the LINCS L1000 dataset. Unlike traditional approaches that require complete triplets (molecule, morphological, genomic), our model only requires paired data—(molecule-morphological) and (molecule-genomic)—making it more practical and scalable. Our approach leverages contrastive learning to align molecular representations with biological data, even in the absence of fully paired datasets. We evaluate our framework on the ChEMBL20 dataset using linear probing across 1,320 tasks, demonstrating improvements in predictive performance. By incorporating diverse biological modalities, our approach enables more robust and biologically informed molecular representations, enhancing the predictive power of AI models in drug discovery
Case Report: Pancytopenia as an indicator for lysosomal storage disease (Gaucher's Disease)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Lysosomal storage disorders are a rare group of diseases with genetic origin in which Gaucher Disease (GD) stands out as the most frequent. GD type 1 is the most common form of this condition, and patients with this pathology present with unexplained cytopenias, in addition to hepatosplenomegaly, bone involvement, and in other cases neurological disorders. A case of a patient is presented, whose results showed thrombocytopenia and leukopenia in addition to hepatosplenomegaly. In Latin America, there are very few reported cases of this clinical entity, and information on this disease is very limited. Case: We present a case of a patient diagnosed with GD, who presented with thrombocytopenia and leukopenia in addition to hepatosplenomegaly, with the aim of emphasizing the importance of early recognition of this pathology, especially in patients with unexplained cytopenia’s or hepatosplenomegaly’s. In suspicion of GD, enzymatic quantification of β-glucocerebrosidase was performed, showing its deficit in addition to alteration in the GBA gene. Unfortunately, enzymatic replacement could not be done because the Cerazyme (imiglucerase for injection) is not available in Ecuador. Nevertheless, the patient was treated with analgesic (1g of paracetamol generally three times a day) and vitamin supplements (Dayamineral). Currently the patient is waiting for transfer to a foreign institution; she continues with bicytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly, her conditions are expected to be remit once the enzymatic treatment has been administered. Conclusion: We believe that the timely recognition of this disease will allow the initiation of enzymatic replacement therapy in an effective manner, in order to reduce morbidity and improve the clinical aspects of the patient.