jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Vasodilating Effect of Diphenylalkanolamines in Anesthetized Dogs

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The effects of five diphenylalkanolamine derivatives, including YS 3635, YS 3636, YS 3632, YS 3623 and YS 3423, on the coronary and hindquarter vascular beds in anesthetized dogs were studied and compared with those of glyceryl trinitrate and papaverine. These five derivatives in doses of 62.5 to 1000μg i.a. reduced coronary and hindquarter vascular resistances, and the effects were in the following order : YS 3423>YS 3623> papaverine>YS 3632>YS 3635>YS 3636 in the coronary, and YS 3423> papaverine>YS 3623>YS 3635>YS 3632>YS 3636 in the hindquarter vascular beds. Three derivatives, YS 3423, YS 3623 and YS 3635 having a relatively potent vasodilating effect were further examined. These compounds, 1 mg/kg i.v., also showed an increase in coronary and hindquarter blood flows, concomitantly with a transient hypotension, sustained decrease in heart rate and increase in cardiac output. The vasodilating effect of the diphenylalkanolamine derivatives studied appears to show a direct and non-specific effects on the peripheral blood vessels as is the case of glyceryl trinitrate or papaverine.
Po‐Poster ‐ 35: The BioMedical Imaging and Therapy Beamline at the Canadian Light Source Inc.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The BioMedical Imaging and Therapy (BMIT) Beamline is a multidisciplinary, multiuse facility that is being constructed at the Canadian Light Source, Canada's National Synchrotron Facility. The BMIT Beamline will have two specific research uses, non‐destructive imaging of tissues and radiation therapy in living organisms. The total cost of this project will be approximately $17M. Funding for this project has been obtained from the Canadian Foundation for Innovation, the provincial governments and charitable foundations. The BMIT Beamline is projected to be ready for operations in 2007.
Transgender Men and Non-Binary Individuals’ Right to Pregnancy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Transgender men and non-binary individuals’ rights to conceive and bear children remain unimaginable through dominant gender constructs. Social reproduction and structural violence reinforce the gender binary and restrict transgender men and non-binary individuals from exercising their right to conceive, parent, and receive proper health support. This gender expectation is reified in Canadian historical, socio-economic, and legal contexts, creating significant barriers in relation to accessing trans-reproductive healthcare. This paper brings attention to the paucity of research to understand better the rights of transmen and non-binary individuals when wanting to conceive and raise a family. It highlights the underutilization of the social work profession and their critical role to support affirmative reproductive trans healthcare.
EViT-Unet: U-Net Like Efficient Vision Transformer for Medical Image Segmentation on Mobile and Edge Devices

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the rapid development of deep learning, CNN-based U-shaped networks have succeeded in medical image segmentation and are widely applied for various tasks. However, their limitations in capturing global features hinder their performance in complex segmentation tasks. The rise of Vision Transformer (ViT) has effectively compensated for this deficiency of CNNs and promoted the application of ViT-based U-networks in medical image segmentation. However, the high computational demands of ViT make it unsuitable for many medical devices and mobile platforms with limited resources, restricting its deployment on resource-constrained and edge devices. To address this, we propose EViT-UNet, an efficient ViT-based segmentation network that reduces computational complexity while maintaining accuracy, making it ideal for resource-constrained medical devices. EViT-UNet is built on a U-shaped architecture, comprising an encoder, decoder, bottleneck layer, and skip connections, combining convolutional operations with self-attention mechanisms to optimize efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate that EViT-UNet achieves high accuracy in medical image segmentation while significantly reducing computational complexity.
Bir non sterodial anti-inflamatuvar ilaç olan selekoksobin kolesterol içeren ve içermeyen model membranlarla etkileşimi.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The interactions of the non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib with pure and cholesterol containing distearoyl phosphatidylcholine multilamellar vesicles were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and turbidity technique at 440 nm. The results reveal that celecoxib exerts opposing effects on membrane order in a concentration dependent manner while cholesterol disorders and orders the membrane in the gel and liquid crystalline phase, respectively. Ternary mixtures of DSPC/Cholesterol/celecoxib behave similar to cholesterol with a small effect of celecoxib. While celecoxib decreases fluidity of the DSPC membranes, cholesterol shows an opposite effect, and in ternary mixtures, a dominant effect of cholesterol is observed. Celecoxib induces opposite effects on the hydration status of the carbonyl groups in the binary system whereas; cholesterol induces hydrogen bonding around this group. An evidence of phase separation has also been observed for all three systems (DSPC/celecoxib, DSPC/Chol, and DSPC/Chol/celecoxib). In addition, a possible location of celecoxib in the interfacial region of the membrane has been proposed. Finally, penetration of celecoxib into the hydrophobic core of the ternary system at high cholesterol concentrations and formation of a new phase has also been suggested. Thus, depending on the concentration used, celecoxib induces significant changes in the biophysical properties of membranes that may aid in understanding its mechanism of action. Furthermore, highly complex interactions take place in ternary membrane systems and further investigations are needed to explore them in detail.
Notice of Removal Wearable EEG-based human intention detection and its application in human care-robot systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This research developed a wearable EEG-based brain robot interface (WE-BRI) which detects the human subject's intention using steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) and is applied in the food care tasks of robots. In detail, five types of visual stimuli with different frequencies are displayed on the different locations of a PC monitor. The human subject can select his/her intended food by focusing on a related specific visual stimulus for several seconds. A wearable EEG sensor then measures the subject's EEG and followed by on line frequency analysis. From the frequency analysis, the robot can detect the human subject's intention within limited time and can perform the task to move the related food to the subject. In this research, 5 health subjects are tested using this WE-BRI. It is found that in order to increase the success rate of intention detection, the subject should focus on a specific visual stimulus for more than 4 seconds. The highest success rate of the detection can reach to 92%. The developed WE-BRI is also expected to be applied in wider range of robotic human care tasks.
Fresh to Freez e-Dried: A Comparative GCMS Study of Apples

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

To extract the organic compounds within an apple, 30 mL of a washed, peeled, and crushed apple was mixed with 30 mL of methylene chloride. The organic layer was extracted, dried, and then run through a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GCMS). Another portion of the same apple was freeze-dried, rehydrated, and processed in the same manner. The GCMS was able to identify 42 organic compounds within the two samples; however, only 11 of the compounds were found within both samples. Some of the molecules detected in both samples were not commonly found in apples but are common in agricultural practices. For example, pyrimethanil is a fungicide that was detected providing evidence that a washed, peeled, and freeze-dried apple will still contain detectable amounts of the fungicide. 2,5-dibromo-benzenamine was also detected among both apple samples and is associated with pesticides.
Urban Green DaMS: Bioretention Column Detention Data

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This dataset is a complete record of all data compiled as part of a series of five controlled inflow tests to identify the detention behaviour in a series of differently configured bioretention columns. The experimental work was conducted at The University of Sheffield’s Arthur Willis Environment Centre in Sheffield, UK, from September 2020 to June 2022 (21 months). This data accompanies the journal article ’Bioretention column detention test data for percolation model evaluation’ (Stovin et al., Submitted). The dataset was collected, processed and compiled for publication by Dr Simon De-Ville as part of the Urban Green DaMS project, EPSRC Grant Number EP/S005536/1.A full description of the data and experimental methods used to obtain it is presented in the README file.
Representing Real-Time Multi-User Collaboration in Visualizations

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Establishing common ground and maintaining shared awareness amongst participants is a key challenge in collaborative visualization. For real-time collaboration, existing work has primarily focused on synchronizing constituent visualizations - an approach that makes it difficult for users to work independently, or selectively attend to their collaborators' activity. To address this gap, we introduce a design space for representing synchronous multi-user collaboration in visualizations defined by two orthogonal axes: situatedness, or whether collaborators' interactions are overlaid on or shown outside of a user's view, and specificity, or whether collaborators are depicted through abstract, generic representations or through specific means customized for the given visualization. We populate this design space with a variety of examples including generic and custom synchronized cursors, and user legends that collect these cursors together or reproduce collaborators' views as thumbnails. To build common ground, users can interact with these representations by peeking to take a quick look at a collaborator's view, tracking to follow along with a collaborator in real-time, and forking to independently explore the visualization based on a collaborator's work. We present a reference implementation of a wrapper library that converts interactive Vega-Lite charts into collaborative visualizations. We find that our approach affords synchronous collaboration across an expressive range of visual designs and interaction techniques.
SIGNIFICANCE OF PLATELET FUNCTION AND THROMBOXANE B2 LEVELS ACROSS THE HUMAN MYOCARDIAL VASCULAR BED

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT There is an intense interest in the role of platelets in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia. To determine platelet function in coronary circulation and the influence of various platelet‐active drugs, we have studied large number of patients with coronary disease (CD) defined as >50 % luminal narrowing and subjects with normal coronary arteries (NCA). Blood samples were collected from aorta (Ao) and coronary sinus (CS) at rest, during and following atrial‐pacing induced tachycardia characterized by ECG changes and symptoms. Platelet aggregation (PAg) using epinephrine (E) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) as stimulating agents and platelet counts were performed. In CD patients CS blood had lower (Pd<0.01) PAg (E‐59 ± 8, ADP‐49 ± 7 %) than Ao blood (E‐74 ± 6, ADP‐68 ± 7 %). Platelet counts in CS blood (173,000 ± 16,000/mm 3 ) were lower (P<0.01) than in Ao blood (233,000 + 30,000/mm 3 ). In NCA patients, the CS and Ao platelet counts and PAg were not significantly different. During tachycardia stress PAg and counts were unaltered in NCA patients. In contrast in CD patients PAg increased significantly (P<0.05) in CS but not in Ao blood during stress and returned to baseline following tachycardia implying platelet activation during stress‐induced myocardial ischemia. Oral aspirin 650 mg abolished the differences in Ao and CS blood PAg (CS‐E 51 ± 8, ADP 54 ± 7%; Ao‐E 45 ± 8, ADP 55 ± 8 %), and in counts (CS‐221,000 ± 8,000/mm 3 ; Ao‐230,000 ± 71,000/mm 3 ) in CD patients. Aspirin also significantly decreased tachycardia‐related increase in PAg in CS blood. Administration of intravenous dipyridamole 25 mg in 8 other CD patients, resulted in increase in platelet counts in CS from 255,000 ± 29,000 to 286 ± 34,000/mm 3 and in PAg from 30 ± 8 to 52 ± 9 %, while Ao blood counts and PAg were unchanged, so that the differences in Ao and CS platelet counts and aggregation were abolished. In other studies, we compared CD patients treated with and without propranolol. Propranolol‐treated patients had lower PAg in Ao as well as CS blood compared to non‐treated patients, but the gradients in PAg and counts between Ao and CS blood was still present. However, tachycardia‐related increase in CS PAg was markedly less in CS blood in propranolol‐treated patients compared to non‐treated patients. These data show that 1) gradient in platelet counts from Ao to CS exists related probably to platelet aggregate formation in atherosclerotic vessels, 2) activation of platelets leads to low PAg activity in CS blood, 3) tachycardia stress is associated with platelet activation at the level of myocardial vascular bed, 4) aspirin and dipyridamole modify these gradients, 5) aspirin blunts tachycardia‐related increase in CS PAg, 6) propranolol has potent PAg inhibitory effects and modifies platelet response to tachycardia stress.
Magnetic resonance angiography of hypoplastic A1 segment of anterior cerebral artery at 3.0-Tesla in Andhra Pradesh population of India

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pre-communicating or A1 segment of anterior cerebral artery (A1ACA) hypoplasia can negotiate the anterior cerebral circulation. Not many studies have been examined the association of hypoplastic A1ACA and cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS). In this study the authors' want to accomplish the relationship between hypoplastic A1ACA and outcomes among the patients with CIS in Andhra Pradesh population of India. Retrospective review of prospectively identified 201 adult patients with CIS from 2015 to 2017 was achieved. Patients underwent 3.0T intracranial magnetic resonance angiography were compared with clinical and radiological aspects between male and female cases of A1ACA hypoplasia with associated variations in the circle of Willis. The obtained data was statistically analysed using SPSS software version 16.0 for Windows and P-value <0.05 was considered as significant. Chi-square test was applied to find out the association between the sex and incidence of hypoplastic A1ACA. Sixty-four of 201 patients with A1ACA hypoplasia with no aplastic cases were recorded. It was found to be more in males than females and common on right than left side. Frequent neurological indications such as headache, dizziness, visual instability, nausea, weakness of extremities and seizure were noted and most cases were associated with CIS. Hypoplastic A1ACA often associated with ischemia of terminal branches of ipsilateral ACA which is compromised by the blood flow via contralateral ACA. In this study, though the CIS is not directly related to hypoplastic A1ACA, any alterations in A1 segment is a considerable risk factor of stroke.
Control of glucose utilization in working perfused rat heart.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Metabolic control analyses of glucose utilization were performed for four groups of working rat hearts perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing 10 mM glucose only, or with the addition of 4 mM D-beta-hydroxybutyrate/1 mM acetoacetate, 100 nM insulin (0.05 unit/ml), or both. Net glycogen breakdown occurred in the glucose group only and was converted to net glycogen synthesis in the presence of all additions. The flux of [2-3H]glucose through P-glucoisomerase (EC 5.3.1.9) was reduced with ketones, elevated with insulin, and unchanged with the combination. Net glycolytic flux was reduced in the presence of ketones and the combination. The flux control coefficients were determined for the portion of the pathway involving glucose transport to the branches of glycogen synthesis and glycolysis. Major control was divided between the glucose transporter and hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) in the glucose group. The distribution of the control was slightly shifted to hexokinase with ketones, and control at the glucose transport step was abolished in the presence of insulin. Analysis of the pathway from 3-P-glycerate to pyruvate determined that the major control was shared by enolase (EC 4.2.1.1) and pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) in the glucose group. Addition of ketones, insulin, or the combination shifted the control to P-glycerate mutase (EC 5.4.2.1) and pyruvate kinase. These results illustrate that the control of the metabolic flux in glucose metabolism of rat heart is not exerted by a single enzyme but variably distributed among enzymes depending upon substrate availability, hormonal stimulation, or other changes of conditions.
Morphological characterization of adult Artemia (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) from different geographical origin. Mediterranean populations

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Twelve morphological parameters have been measured in Artemia individuals belonging to 27 different populations located around the Western Mediterranean basin. An analysis, through multivariate discriminant procedures, allows us to establish relationships among different populations. The three different types of population studied (bisexual diploid, parthenogenetic diploid and parthenogenetic tetraploid) are thoroughly characterized by their morphological characteristics. This simple method is shown to be useful in grouping different populations and to have predictive value in assigning new populations to the groups previously analyzed.
Potential-field solutions and dielectric surface discharges

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The potential-field problem in surface discharges is generally discussed in terms of equivalent circuits. Analysis of discharges under inception conditions is done using a simple equivalent circuit. The effect of generalised circuits is examined, and in addition to the potential-field problem is solved numerically on the basis on Fourier expansion. The numerical field solution appears to be considerably different from the equivalent circuit one, and to modify the results of the data analysis.
IN-VITRO ASSESSMENT OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS FIBRONECTIN-BINDING PROTEIN-A (FNBP-A) AS A POTENTIAL VACCINE ANTIGEN FOR PREVENTION OF INFECTION OF ORTHOPAEDIC IMPLANTS.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is most commonly caused by skin-derived, biofilm-forming staphylococci, with Staphylococcus aureus being most virulent and MRSA becoming a substantial problem. Cephaloporins are almost universally used as prophylaxis against PJI, yet Methicillin - resistant S aureus (MRSA) is becoming increasingly common in hospitals, nursing homes and now in the community. Such strains are not susceptible to cephalorsporins or to a range of other antimicrobials. In view of this increasing antibiotic resistance, an alternative approach to preventing S. aureus PJI is needed, and we propose that vaccination is a promising approach. Having regard to the distinct pathogenesis of PJI, this must target key events in infection establishment, such as adhesion to the implant, via the plasma conditioning film, mediated by bacterial binding proteins. It must also have the potential to protect against all S. aureus regardless of antibiotic resistance profile. Fibronectin-binding protein-A (FnBP-A) is one example, but the potential of FnBP-A as a PJI vaccine candidate has not been thoroughly investigated and data in previous literature are contradictory. Methods: Here, polyclonal rabbit antibody against recombinant(r) FnBP-A binding domain was produced and investigated for the first time for activity against S. aureus adhesion to rabbit plasma-conditioned steel coupons in-vitro. Results: The adhesion of homologous S. aureus 8325-4 (fnbA+, fnbB+), and a heterologous MRSA arthroplasty isolate was significantly (p The implications of this are that vaccination using this peptide might be expected to protect patients about to undergo elective arthroplasty from infection with S aureus whatever its antibiotic susceptibility, so offering a realistic solution to the problem of increasing resistance.
Perioperative Multidisciplinary Delirium Prevention: A Longitudinal Case Report

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Postoperative delirium is associated with accelerated cognitive decline, mortality, and high health care costs. The importance of perioperative risk identification is increasingly recognized but optimal prevention strategies are still evolving. We review the case of an at-risk 79-year-old who had 3 lumbar spine surgeries within a year, 2 of which were complicated by postoperative delirium and one which was not. We discuss how a comprehensive preoperative cognitive assessment successfully informed perioperative decision making, including anesthetic management and postoperative multimodal delirium prevention strategies by geriatric medicine. The case exemplifies how coordinated interdisciplinary team management may reduce postoperative delirium in high-risk individuals.
Looking to the Future: Biomarkers in the Management of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The incidence and mortality of pancreas cancer converge. There has been little advancement in the treatment of pancreas cancer since the acceptance of gemcitabine as the standard therapy. Unfortunately, the efficacy of gemcitabine is dismal. While there is much discussion for the development of biomarkers to help direct therapy in this area, there is little action to move them into clinical practice. Herein, we review potential pancreatic cancer biomarkers and discuss the limitations in their implementation.
Recent Developments in Mortgage Loans in Spain and the Effects of the Subsequent Legislative Reforms

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This chapter analyses the evolution of the mortgage loan in Spain during the present century. The economic development of Spain is described with its great connection to mortgages. The text centres on the new conditions incorporated in the loans in the years before the crisis, which were subsequently demonstrated to be unfair terms and caused serious problems for consumers and a lack of confidence in the financial sector. This provoked the reaction of legislators. This chapter studies the effectiveness of the subsequent mortgage laws in their intention to minimize the asymmetrical positions that the lender and the borrower occupy in the contractual relationship. Among the conclusions of the chapter, the authors highlight how each law is more precise but its effectiveness is lacking if the banking culture is not changed in terms of the relationship between to clients.