jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine: A c oxidation product of acetaminopher (reactive metabolite/reduction/conjugation)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) has been proposed as the toxic metabolite of acetaminophen for the past 10 years, although it has never been detected as an enzy- matic oxidation product of acetaminophen. We report (i) di- rect detection of NAPQI formed as an oxidation product of acetaminophen by cytochrome P-450 and cumene hydroperox- ide and (ii) indirect evidence that is compelling for NAPQI for- mation from acetaminophen by cytochrome P-450, NADPH, and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase. Evidence is pro- vided for the rapid reduction of NAPQI back to acetamino- phen by NADPH and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase such that steady-state levels of NAPQI were below our detec- tion limits of 6.7 x 10-8 M. In mouse liver microsomal incuba- tions, radiolabeled analogs of both NAPQI and acetaminophen bound covalently to microsomal protein with the loss of =20% of the acetyl group as acetamide. The binding in each case was decreased by glutathione with concomitant formation of 3-S- glutathionylacetaminophen. The binding also was decreased by L-ascorbic acid, NADPH, and NADH with reduction of NAPQI to acetaminophen. Results of partitioning experiments indicate that NAPQI is a major metabolite of acetaminophen, a considerable fraction of which is rapidly reduced back to acetaminophen.
Hybrid ultrasonic elastic force motors micromachined in silicon

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A micromotor for low power applications is being developed using silicon micromachining technologies and organometallic PZT films sol-gel deposition. The construction of a hybrid ultrasonic motor suitable for batch fabrication is proposed. A fabrication process for the stator resonator compatible with both bulk micromachining and 0.3 mu m PZT films deposition on a SiNx/Ta/Pt substrate has been tested. Comparison of PZT actuated and previously fabricated ZnO actuated diaphragms are performed using laser interferometry, PZT samples show promising results for applications where a low voltage operation is a key benefit. Poled PZT films are obtained after process completion and influence of DC biases on the resonance frequencies are observed.
APPLICATION OF STATIC MIXER TOWARDS THE REDUCTION OF REQUIRED CATALYST IN BIODIESEL PRODUCTION

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Current technology for biodiesel production is a transesterification process of vegetable oil withmetanol in batch system with the help of catalyst. The technology faces many disadvantageous for large scale,such as the requirement for rigorous stirring and purification of the product from the catalyst. Previous studyshowed that utilization of static mixing reactor can enhance the reaction rate and reduce the requirement ofcatalyst and can be operated continuously. The objective of this study was to examine the role of static mixer inreducing the catalyst requirement for the transesterification process of biodiesel production in continuous mode.Palm oleinwas used as feedstock for the transesterification process with 1:6 of mole ratio to metanol at 65oCreaction temperature. Catalyst used for the experiment was KOH with variations of 0.3% and 0.5% to the oil fedinto the reactor and the numbers of static mixer modules were varied (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 modules) to evaluate theireffects to the required catalyst. As expected, the experimental results confirmed a higher conversion of thereactionby the increasing number of the static mixer modules at a specific catalyst percentage. Highestconversions obtained with 5 moduleswere 92.5% (w/w) and 88.9% (w/w), for 0.3% and 0.5% of catalyst,respectively. Analysis to the experimental results showed that 0.1% of catalyst could be replaced by the additionof 0.9 modules of static mixer, which was equivalent to 58.1 cm length ofthe used static mixer configuration.Keywords:continuous mode of transesterification, static mixing module, catalyst reduction
Breeding of Summer autumn Rearing Guican 1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

On the basis of Summer autumn rearing (Xinghang×Keming), high silk yielding rearing (827 and 826) were added to breed the high quality and strong variety Guican 1 (827, Xinghang×826, Keming), it is a four component hybrid variety. Identified many times and plot demonstration in the village testifies that it is strong, raised and bred easily, also with high yield. The bave and the comprehensive characters are good. The total cocoon is 20.68 kg for fourth instar larva per 10000 silkworm, fourth instar larva cocoon shell weight 4.92kg per 10000 silkworm, cocoon shell percentage 23.85% , bave length 1203 m , nonbreaking length of a bave 1046.8 m , reelability percentage 86.95% . The raw silk percentage of fresh cocoon is 17.80% , size of cocoon filament 2.82D , cleanliness 97.81 , seed production 18.70 per gram hatched larva. It is a good Summer autumn rearing in Guizhou province.
Ion implanted photodiode detectors in epitaxial (Gax In_1-x) As

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Ion implanted p-n junction photodiodes in epitaxially grown (Ga(x) In(1-x))As material are reported on here. Photoresponse in these diodes was investigated for approximately the entire composition range of 0 < x < 1. High values for quantum efficiency were obtained for the devices with a high value of x. Peak D(*)(lambda,f) of greater than 10(11) [cm(Hz)(1/2)/W] at room temperature was obtained at 0.8-microm wavelength, while a peak D(*)(lambda,f) of 5 x 10(10) [cm(Hz)(1/2)/W] was obtained at 165 K at 1.4-microm wavelength.
P1‐011: Identification of the tau interactome in mouse brain

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) assembles into neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in a variety of neurodegenerative tauopathies, a group of disorders that includes Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementias. The tau mediated neurodegeneration that is observed in these tauopathies may result from toxic gain-of-function, derived from the (pre-) aggregates and/or loss-of-function of tau. However the potential physiological functions of protein tau, besides promoting the stabilization of microtubules, and the pathogenic pathways that result in protein tau mediated disease are today not well understood. To increase our knowledge on the biology of protein tau we initiated the identification of (sets of) proteins that interact with protein tau and form physiologically relevant, functional interdependent protein-complexes. Tau complexes were isolated from normal mouse brains using a panel of anti-tau antibodies. tau candidate interactors were identified following precise Mass Spectrometry quantification using iTRAQ (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification) labeling, comparing protein levels from anti-tau and control antibody precipitates. Analysis of the tau protein complexes derived from mouse brain resulted in the identification of many specific tau interacting proteins. Among those, a significant number have previously been reported to interact with tau and thus confirm the validity of the methodology used. Examples are Tubulin subtypes (TUBA1, TUBA4, TUBB2C, TUBB2B, TUBB5), Dynactin complex (DCTN2, DCTN3, DCTN4, ACTR1A, ACTR1b, DCTN1, CAPZB, CAPZA2), PP2A complex (PPP2R1A, PPP2CB, PPP2R2A), PP2B complex (PPP3CA, PPP3R1), 14-3-3 proteins (Ywhaq, Ywhaz, Ywhae, Ywhag, Ywhah, Ywhab), aminopeptidase NPEPPS and Triose-phosphate isomerase (TPI). Besides these a series of unknown potential tau interacting proteins were identified. Some of these can be catalogued as microtubule associated proteins, molecular chaperones, ubiquitin proteases, oxidative stress related proteins and synaptic function related proteins. Further validation of the interaction and the potential role of the interacting proteins in tau biology, is currently under evaluation using biochemical and phenotypic readouts in a variety of cellular and animal models. The combination of high quality anti-tau antibodies with state-of-the-art quantitative mass spectrometry let to the identification of many potential new tau interactors. Validation and functional relevance of newly identified interactors will be presented.
A Study On The Purpose Of 3d Visualization Software In Education For Creative And 2technical Subjects

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In what ways might 3D visualization tools benefit students with both technical and creative backgrounds? This quantitative study is aimed at achieving that goal. The evaluations were conducted using both pre- and post-intervention questionnaires, feedback forms, and engagement surveys. Using 3D visualisation software had a substantial positive effect on students' academic performance; their test scores, on average, were 22% higher than those of the control group. Not only that, but the number of participants skyrocketed; after that, 84% of the experimental group said they were much more invested in the subject. The program was successful in improving students' understanding of complex concepts, as shown by a 30% increase in evaluations of conceptual clarity. Teachers and students alike reported improvements in spatial reasoning, ideation, and technical data memory after using the 3D visualisation tools. According to the study, the app was most effective in the engineering and design industries, which rely heavily on detailed visual representations. Lastly, quantitative studies have shown that the use of 3D visualisation software in the classroom has a significant positive impact on both the technical and creative fields. Academic performance, engagement, and comprehension all improve. Integration of such technology into educational activities has the potential to enhance a range of pedagogical techniques and learning results, according to the study.
Construction of a Scale of the Locus of Control in School Situations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In many studies it has been shown that the activity of individuals depends on such constructs as self-efficacy, self-esteem, motivation, learned helplessness, or relationships with the environment. These, in turn, are closely related to the placement of a sense of control. Because it is shaped by experience, past events are important in this process, so in the case of a student, special attention should be paid to school situations. As there is a lack of tools that pedagogues could use to study and diagnose the sense of the locus of control of students, an attempt was made to construct one. The research sample consisted of 449 students of the second grade of upper secondary schools in Bydgoszcz. The reliability of the tool was verified by the internal consistency and the split-half coefficient, and accuracy by examining the relationship with the selected variables. The tool can be considered accurate. In terms of the scale of failures, it has achieved satisfactory reliability, while the scale of successes needs to be refined.
A new role for research in achieving prosperity in the Middle East

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assert a mainstream role for focused R&D as a service activity for the economy and for society in a prosperous and harmonious Middle East. Design/methodology/approach Comparative review of science policy options in the context of today's Middle Eastern economies and societies, their competitiveness, needs, aspirations. Findings A clear case for a university‐based R&D policy targeting the needs and potential of each nation so as to stimulate entrepreneurship, job creation and renewal of traditional sectors and small firms. Practical implications Priority allocation of resources to targeted R&D together with associated policy changes to achieve an open socio‐economic climate conducive to innovation and birth of new activities. Originality/value To remind policymakers of recent international experience and thus help identify a Middle Eastern R&D focus also in the context of Islam's historic appreciation of the value of knowledge and learning.
Improving the Power Efficiency of a PV Power Generation System Using a Proposed Electrochemical Heat Engine Embedded in the System

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

An important issue in the photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems is the massive amount of heat wasted by PV modules/panels. For the first time, this paper provides a new solution to recover a portion of the mentioned waste heat by utilizing a proposed electrochemical heat engine. A thermally regenerative electrochemical cycle (TREC) system has been designed, constructed, and embedded in a PV power generation system including a 200-W PV module to harvest the waste heat of its PV module, so a PV-TREC hybrid system has been organized and built. The hot cell of the TREC system has been positioned in direct contact with the backside of the PV module, and the cold cell is in direct contact with a heat sink located in the shade of the PV module. Experimental verifications demonstrate that the proposed TREC system efficiently converts the waste heat into electric power ranging from 0.1 to 54.5 W. In this manner, up to 6% of the waste heat of the PV module is recovered. It also substantiated that the daily energy efficiency of the PV-TREC hybrid system is improved by 27.5% compared to a usual PV system, and this is the main contribution and novelty of this paper.
Pregnancy Specific Beta-1 Glycoprotein, Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines in Eclampsia in Kaduna State, Nigeria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Eclampsia (EC), a human pregnancy–specific-syndrome is the life-threatening occurrence of convulsion (s) in association with signs of preeclampsia (hypertension and proteinura). Eclampsia has remained a significant public health threat, contributing to maternal and prerinatal morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. However, the pathogenic mechanism of the disease is not fully understood. Disturbance of the cytokine equilibrium has been accused for many pathological disorders including EC. Thus the aim of this study was to analyze the maternal cytokines and pregnancy specific beta-1 glycoprotein in EC and compared results with those of normal healthy pregnant controls. Enzyme linkedimmunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure levels ofpro-inflammatory cytokines (Tumor necrosis [TNF]-α, and interleukin [IL] -2), anti-inflammatory cytokines [IL-4 and IL-10] and pregnancy specific beta-1 glycoprotein (PSG-1) in the peripheral blood of patients with EC (n=38), normal healthy pregnant women [PC] (n=25) and compared withhealthy non pregnant women controls [NPC] (n=25). Women with malaria and human immunodeficiency virus infections were excluded from the study. The overall results (Mean ±SD) were: TNF-α (2.34 ±0.13 pg/ml) in EC was significantly higher than the mean values (2.25±0.07pg/ml and 2.24±0.10 pg/ml) in PC and NPC respectively. Furthermore, EC had higher TNF-α mean value compared with NPC (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in mean IL-2 value between EC (1.69±0.17 Pg/ml), PC (1.71±0.0.09Pg/ml) and NPC (1.72±0.13Pg/ml) (P>0.05). The mean value of IL-10 was noted to be lower in EC (1.28±0.54Pg/ml) compared with: PC (1.58±0.61 Pg/ml) and NPC (2.06±0.08Pg/ml). No significant difference in IL-4 mean value exist between EC (2.45±0.10 Pg/ml) and NPC (2.45 Pg/ml) (P>0.05) but significant difference exist between EC and NPC (2.40±0.0 6Pg/ml) (P<0.05). The serum PSG-1 levels in EC (2.5±0.11 Pg/ml) and PC (2.5±0.03 Pg/ml) were similar and significantly higher than in NPC (0.06±0.020 Pg/ml) P<0.05. While a pro-inflammatory cytokine environment was demonstrated in EC, and decreased anti-inflammatory reactivity, EC was not associated with low levels of PSG-1. Further research is advocated to discover how anti-inflammatory cytokines could be exploited as a therapeutic agent for women at high risk of EC.
Child Psychology and Childhood Education: A Cognitive Developmental View, Lawrence Kohlberg (Longman, 1987), 452 pp., £27.00

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Programme.It describes the views of staff on assessment in National Cer tificate courses gathered in a series of case studies of fourteen modules (or module groups)in eleven colleges.Under the broad headings 'The Assessment Model', 'The Quality of Assessment' and 'Assessment, Teaching and Learning' the report addresses a number of issues.This organisation of the information into 'issues' is welcome and the use in the early part of the report of extracts from the original case studies is particularly successful.However, it is a pity that the inclusion of case study material is not maintained throughout, for the more conventional form of presentation is not nearly as lively nor as readily accessible.-The intention of the Report is to 'help staff in colleges, schools and community education to reflect' on the implementation of the assessment procedures for National Certifi cate.The type of research model adopted by the team and the nature of the information obtained are thoroughly explained:
Phaseolus vulgaris L. INCBN_00000

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Common name(s): Common bean
Conserved by: Desirée De Lorenzi, Italy
Local sample unique identifier: INCBN_00000
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 2022-03-28
Historical: No
Biological status: Breeding/research material
MLS status: SMTA transfer
Time to extend ‘a visible helping hand’

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Adam Smith was wrong: the new economics foundation is right: economic prosperity does not of itself bring enhanced individual and social well-being. Indeed, it carries a significant downside. But implementing the nef manifesto would be no easy matter. In this short commentary, David McDaid outlines some of the hurdles and pitfalls that would have to be negotiated.
Innovative fundamentals of sports industry development in the new economy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of the research. The purpose of the article is to investigate the problem aspects of the formation of innovative principles of the development of the sports industry in a new economy. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are scientific works of scientists in the field of development of the sports industry. In order to achieve the goal of the following methods of research: generalization and systematization - for the comprehensive characteristics of the analysis of the development of the sports industry in Ukraine; Systemic economic and statistical analysis - for substantiation of the directions of development of the sports industry in Ukraine and generalization and comparison (in the stage of generalization of theoretical provisions and formation of conclusions on this study). Results. The article considers the role of the sports industry in the formation of a new economy. The definition of human capital is considered and its components are determined. Human capital is a system of characteristics that determine a person's ability to work creatively in order to create goods, services, value added, ie the quality of labor of the individual, the total employee of the enterprise, firm, corporation, country, manifested in the process of expanded reproduction. The significance of the innovative approach to creating conditions for the development of the sports industry is determined. The development of a knowledge-based economy is a continuous process of investing in human capital and, consequently, the development of the human personalityOne of the main features of the new economy is its dematerialization. This means a change of emphasis from material goods to intangible (services). Material goods will be consumed, but their share will fall, which is due to changing consumer demand in a new era. The need to study the peculiarities of management of organizations of the sports industry in the conditions of a faster innovative development of physical education and scientific searches in the methodology and the theory of pedagogical management are determined.
Pathophysiology of experimental nephrotic syndrome induced by puromycin aminonucleoside in rats. II. In vitro release of renin, angiotensinogen and aldosterone.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In vitro release of renin, angiotensinogen and aldosterone was studied in control (CT) and nephrotic rats. Nephrotic syndrome (NS) was induced by a single injection of puromycin aminonucleoside (PA). The in vitro systems used were: renal cortical slices (RCS), liver slices (LS) and adrenal glands, all incubated in Krebs-Ringer buffer. Renal renin content (RRC) and isoproterenol-induced renin secretion (RS) also were studied. RS, RRC and angiotensinogen release were measured indirectly by radioimmunoassay (RIA) of angiotensin I (ANG I); aldosterone was estimated by direct RIA. Basal RS was not modified in NS: 385 +/- 196 (CT) vs 344 +/- 149 ng ANG I/mg protein/h (NS), p greater than 0.05. Isoproterenol increased RS significantly in both CT and NS groups: 535 +/- (CT) and 685 +/- 231 ng ANG I/mg protein/h (NS) (p less than 0.05 vs. basal RS). RRC was similar in both groups: 2.17 +/- 0.62 (CT) vs 2.05 +/- 0.49 micrograms ANG I/mg protein/h (NS), p greater than 0.05. Angiotensinogen release from LS increased in nephrotic rats from 10 +/- 3.2 (CT) to 12 +/- 1.9 pmoles angiotensinogen I/mg tissue/2h (NS), p less than 0.05. Aldosterone release increased markedly from adrenal glands of rats with NS (1649 +/- 1111 pg aldosterone/mg tissue/h) with respect to control rats (257 +/- 85), p less than 0.05 In vitro studies were performed six days after PA-injection, when nephrotic rats had ascitis, edema, proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low sodium and aldosterone excretion, low levels of plasma angiotensinogen and high levels of plasma renin and aldosterone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Supplementary Figure 3 from Development and Validation of a Gene Profile Predicting Benefit of Postmastectomy Radiotherapy in Patients with High-Risk Breast Cancer: A Study of Gene Expression in the DBCG82bc Cohort

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Cumulative incidence plots showing "High LRR risk" patients of the training set stratified according to PMRT and tumorsize (A), lymph node positive status (B), ER status (C) and combinations of tumorsize and nodal status (D), respectively.</p>
Warranty costs for repairable products under hybrid warranty

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Warranty costs for repairable products under hybrid warranty Get access GEORGE A. BOHORIS, GEORGE A. BOHORIS School of Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering, University of BirminghamP.O. Box 363, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar WON YOUNG YUN WON YOUNG YUN Department of Industrial Engineering, Pusan National UniversityJangjeon-dong, Kumjeong-ku, Pusan 609–735, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar IMA Journal of Management Mathematics, Volume 6, Issue 1, 1995, Pages 13–24, https://doi.org/10.1093/imaman/6.1.13 Published: 01 January 1995