jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Possibilities of prediction of сampylobacteriosis adverse outcomes in children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In addition to the problem of high morbidity in the child population, there is a high risk of developing post-infectious functional gastrointestinal disorders (PFGID). The aim of the study was to establish the frequency and structure of functional gastrointestinal disorders in campylobacteriosis convalescents. Patients and methods. The study included 200 children who were treated in a specialized department of the DNNCIB FMBA of Russia in the period 2018—2021. associated with campylobacteriosis. Clinical observation of patients was carried out in a hospital, followed by follow-up observation for 12 months. Results. 180 (90%) patients passed the full observation period. At the time of the start of the follow-up observation only 26 (13%) children had complaints about health conditions: abdominal pain when eating (n = 15; 7.5%), flatulence (n = 19; 9 .5%), mushy stools, loss of appetite (n = 5; 2.5%), constipation (n = 10; 5.0%). Most often, the appearance of complaints from the digestive organs appeared in the period from 90 to 180 days. Among the symptoms detected in children after campylobacteriosis, the most common were the appearance of periodic pain, abdominal discomfort (n = 64, 32%) and constipation (n = 53; 26.5%). The older group was diagnosed with: irritable bowel syndrome (n = 19; 51.4%), functional dyspepsia (n = 14; 37.8%) and functional constipation (n = 4; 10.8%). In the younger age group, the following were diagnosed: functional constipation (n = 18; 60.0%) and functional diarrhea (n = 12; 40.0%). Conclusions. The dynamic dispensary observation of campylobacteriosis convalescents made it possible to diagnose PFGIR in 67 (33.5%) children. On the basis of the study, a mathematical and statistical model for predicting PFGIR was developed, which allows, based on the assessment of clinical and anamnestic signs, to identify children at risk. The predictors of PFGIR in children who have had campylobacteriosis included in the prognosis model include: admission to the hospital at a late stage of the disease with severe severity of campylobacteriosis on the Clark scale, the appointment of several courses of antibacterial drugs, forced transfer to artificial feeding, age, the presence of hemocolitis, the severity of dehydration.
A K-Band Active Up/Down Bidirectional Mixer in 130-nm CMOS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An active bidirectional mixer performing the up/down conversion has been proposed at K band with a 130-nm CMOS in this paper. With 2-dBm local oscillator drives, the mixer achieves the conversion gain, noise figure, and output PldB of −2.5~-1.2 dB, 14.2~16 dB, and −9.2~-8 dBm from 23 to 25 GHz in up-conversion mode, respectively. In down-conversion mode, the mixer exhibits the conversion gain, noise figure, and input PldB of 1.3~3 dB, 15.2~19.3 dB, and −0.6~0 dBm from 23 to 25 GHz, respectively. The chip area is 0.75 × 0.8 mm2, which consumes 10.5 mW from a supply of 1.5 V.
Examining Supply Chains from Practice

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Companies have to adjust their actions constantly in order to remain competitive in the current world of Internet and e-commerce. In this paper we first give an introduction in supply chains concepts and trends that impact the performance of the supply chains. The issues we discuss include the importance of cycle times reductions, the influence of reverse logistics, e-commerce, concentration and centralisation, third party logistics and global logistics. Some practical consequences, threats and opportunities are sketched for six supply chains from real life. For example, the supply chains of mobile phones, glass and design furniture are studied. The intention of this study is to shed some light on the current state of logistic innovations in Dutch companies by means of a number of case studies.
Offloading Interventions for the Management of Charcot Neuroarthropathy in Diabetes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The use of a nonremovable patellar tendon bearing (PTB) cast in Charcot neuroarthropathy (CA) has not been well studied. We describe the offloading devices, including PTB cast used in our setting for the treatment of CA. Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study on patients with CA and diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) presenting to the multidisciplinary foot clinic at Royal Darwin Hospital, between January 2003 and June 2015. Various immobilization and offloading methods used in CA treatment and their outcomes were analyzed. Results: Ninety-three cases of CA were included. PTB cast (n = 76) and a variety of custom-made removable devices (n = 17) were used for initial offloading. Patients treated with PTB casts were allowed to fully weightbear on the affected limb, as tolerated. Initial offloading was continued until the joint stabilized and ulcer healed (6.5±1.9 months), and then patients were transitioned to various orthotic devices and then to accommodative footwear. At the end of the whole offloading treatment (median duration 13.1 months; range 10-24), patients treated with PTB initially had better outcomes compared with patients treated with removable devices. Conclusion: Immobilization using PTB casting was an effective offloading method for CA with DFU. With our offloading regimen, Indigenous and non-Indigenous patients had similar outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Early aneurysm formation following anterior mycardial infarction: A better predictor of mortality than left ventricular ejection fraction

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To compare the prognostic effect of aneurysmal infarct expansion (AN) to ejection fraction (EF), 52 consecutive high risk patients (pts) with initial anterior transmural myocardial infarction (MI) underwent 4-view bedside multigated cardiac blood pool imaging within 48 hours of chest pain and prehospital discharge. AN was strictly defined as an akinetic or diskinetic portion of the left ventricle which had diastolic deformity and was adjacent to areas with normal motion. EF < 35% was found to be the best EF cut-off for testing prediction of mortality. One year follow-up was performed by telephone interview (14 months, range 6-21). AN developed in 18/52 pts (35%), 9 developed by 48 hours and 9 further predischarge. 35/52 patients (69%) had EF < 35%. One year mortality was 27% (14/52). AN was highly predictive of death: 11/18 pts with AN died, while only 3/34 without AN died (chi/sup 2/ = 16.35, rho <.001). This was independent of EF: EF did not differ between pts with and without AN (27.5 +- 8.8 vs 31.5 +- 11.2, rho NS). In contrast EF < 35% was not as useful in predicting mortality; 12/35 pts with EF < 35% died while 2/17 with EF greater than or equalmore » to 35% (chi/sup 2/ = 2.95, rho NS). The presence of AN was equally sensitive (79% vs. 86%) and far more specific (82% vs. 39%) than EF for the prediction of mortality. The authors conclude, AN occurs frequently early following anterior MI and is an important and specific marker for mortality. It is superior to EF as a prognostic indicator in this high risk subset of pts and therefore may be a useful parameter in stratification of pts in trials designed to reduce mortality.« less
Draft Genome Sequences of Two Yersinia pseudotuberculosis ST43 (O:1b) Strains, B-7194 and B-7195

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT We report the first draft genome sequences of two Yersinia pseudotuberculosis sequence type 43 (ST43) (O:1b) strains, B-7194 and B-7195, isolated in Russia. The total lengths of the assemblies are 4,427,121 bp and 4,608,472 bp, and 3,819 and 4,018 coding sequences, respectively, were predicted within the genomes.
Application of ionospheric tomography inversion to GPS data to study ionospheric electron-density distribution over China

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Temporal variations of ionospheric electron-density (IED) distributions over China are inversed by applying the computerized ionospheric tomography (CIT) technique to dual-frequency GPS data of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) in 2003. Characteristics of the diurnal variations of IED, especially the development and disappearance of the equatorial anomaly structure and the variations of the ionospheric vertical structure, are investigated. The result shows that it is feasible to sound and investigate the temporal-spatial variations of IED by using CIT technique and the high-accuracy GPS data, but the accuracy and reliability are limited by insufficiency of GPS data, reconstruction methods, and CIT models.
Transitions and interactions of inviscid/viscous, compressible/incompressible and laminar/turbulent flows

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper addresses the flow field-dependent variation (FDV) methods in which complex physical phenomena are taken into account in the final form of partial differential equations to be solved so that finite difference methods (FDM) or finite element methods (FEM) themselves will not dictate the physics, but rather they are no more than simply the options how to discretize between adjacent nodal points or within an element. The variation parameters introduced in the formulation are calculated from the current flow field based on changes of Mach numbers, Reynolds numbers, Peclet numbers and Damkohler numbers between adjacent nodal points, which play many significant roles, such as adjusting the governing equations (hyperbolic, parabolic and/or elliptic), resolving various physical phenomena and controlling the accuracy and stability of the numerical solution. The theory is verified by a number of example problems addressing the physical implications of the variation parameters, which resemble the flow field itself, shock capturing mechanism, transitions and interactions between inviscid/viscous, compressibility/incompressibility and laminar/turbulent flows. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Finite perturbation–configuration interaction calculations of nuclear spin–spin coupling constants. I. The first row hydrides and the hydrogen molecule

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The finite perturbation scheme for calculations of nuclear spin–spin couplings based on the numerical computation of the second derivative of the total energy is described and compared to the earlier approach which uses the first derivative of the spin density matrix. The method is applied, at the Hartree–Fock and configuration interaction level of approximation, to calculations of the Fermi contact contribution to proton–proton and proton–first-row-atom coupling constants in H2, HF, H2O, NH3, and CH4. The analysis and the numerical calculations prove that for the many-electron systems the finite perturbation method is superior to the conventional second order perturbation theory approach if the same type of CI expansion is used. For the hydrogen molecule the two methods have to give identical results. The finite perturbation calculations for the first row hydrides show the following: (i) Upon going from the Hartree–Fock to the CI level the contact contributions are reduced by about 50% for the proton–proton couplings and by about 25% for the proton–first-row-atom couplings. (ii) The differences in the proton–proton couplings within the series of the first row hydrides cannot be explained without including the noncontact mechanisms. (iii) For the hydrogen fluoride, the noncontact mechanisms may contribute as much as 40% of the observed coupling. (iv) When appropriate corrections for the noncontact mechanisms are included the agreement between the calculations and experiments becomes reasonably good.
Mortality and Alcohol as Its Cause—Comparative Characteristics of the Two Neighboring Countries: Ukraine and Poland

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This paper presents a comparative assessment of mortality in Poland and Ukraine, including due to alcohol consumption, by sex, place of residence, and age groups. Mortality from alcohol consumption is and remains one of the health problems of the state’s population. The aim of this study was to establish the difference in mortality, including due to alcohol consumption, in the two neighboring countries. The analysis was conducted in 2008 and 2018 according to statistical institutions in Poland and Ukraine. Data from the codes of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases of the 10th edition: F10, G31.2, G62.1, I42.6, K70, K86.0, and X45 were used to calculate mortality due to alcohol consumption. The share of mortality caused by alcohol consumption in Ukraine in 2008 was 3.52%, and 1.83% in 2018. At the same time, in Poland, there is an increase in this cause of death from 1.72% to 2.36%. Mortality caused by alcohol consumption is the main share of mortality in the section “Mental and behavioral disorders” in both Ukraine, at 73–74%, and Poland, at 82–92%. Changes in the mortality rate in the cities and villages of Ukraine and Poland showed different trends: Poland nated, a significant increase in mortality, while in Ukraine it has halved on average. Overall and alcohol mortality rates in both countries were higher among the male population. The analysis of mortality among people of working age showed that the highest proportion of deaths from alcohol consumption in both countries was among people aged 25–44. Despite the geographical proximity, and similarity of natural and climatic characteristics and population, mortality rates in each country reflect the difference in the medical and demographic situation, and the effectiveness of state social approaches to public health.
Hilly Land

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter provides a tour of the Nation Ford locality, which was the seat of the Catawba Nation in the mid-eighteenth century. The floral, faunal, geological, and infrastructural aspects of the landscape significant to the Catawba Nation’s subsistence economy and town organization are highlighted. Information from archival maps, topological relationships, and datable artifacts together are presented to argue that two archaeological sites, 38Yk434 and 38Yk17, are likely the physical remains of the Catawba towns Nassaw-Weyapee and Charraw Town, respectively. Intrasite spatial analysis is conducted using sub-surface evidence of architecture, along with artifactual evidence of activity patterns, to define the units of analysis that will be used to examine the organization of Catawba craft production (chapter 6) and foodways activities (chapter 7).
Element transport in regulated and non‐regulated rivers in northern Sweden

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The transport of HCO 3 − , SO 4 2− , Cl − , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + , K + , Tot‐P, MRP, Tot‐N, NO 3 ‐N, NO 2 ‐N, NH 4 ‐N, Fe, Mn, silica, particulate material, and organic material (total and dissolved) were compared in three rivers regulated for the expoitation of hydroelectric power and in three unregulated rivers in northern Sweden. This evaluation was done by statistical analysis of data derived from monthly sampling near the outlets of the rivers during the period 1972–1986. Significant differences due to regulation were found for particulate matter, total‐P, Fe, and silica. Regulation decreased the transport by 10–50 per cent depending on the parameter and the river. The explanations for this effect are sedimentation of particles in impoundments and decreased erosion of the river bed due to the elimination of runoff during the snow melt period. The reduced transport of phosphorus may affect the productivity of the coastal zone of Bothnian Bay into which the rivers discharge.
Numerical simulation of vacuum arc based on an improved MHD model

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

During the arc interruption process of vacuum circuit breakers (VCBs), the behavior of inter-electrode plasma, which has a great influence on the anode progress and further impacts the electric insulation recovery speed of VCBs, is a the key factor determining the interruption performance of VCBs. In this paper, according to the actual flowing status of vacuum arc, based on the previous two-temperature MHD model, we firstly presented an improved Magneto Hydro Dynamic (MHD) model including the standard k-ε turbulence equations and it is suitable to simulate both of the supersonic arc and subsonic arc. Then the multi-physics coupling software-COMSOL was adopted to simulate the high-current supersonic arc and subsonic arc existing in some typical commercial VCBs. After that, the spatial distributions of several important plasma parameters of supersonic and subsonic arc, such as density, ion and electron temperature, pressure and Mach number, were calculated and analyzed in detail. Finally, we obtained the distribution of energy flux density on anode surface (EFD), an important parameter which characterizes the specific influence of inter-electrode plasma on the anode status. The numerical simulation results are a great supplement with regards to the experimental results of vacuum arc and the calculated EFD could be used as a heat flux boundary condition for the analysis of anode thermal process.
αβ− Statistical Convergence

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT: In this thesis we studied αβ-statistical convergence. We started with the discussion of statistical convergence. Later, we gave a brief summary of λ-statistical, lacunary statistical\nand A−statistical convergences. The concept of αβ-statistical convergence which\nis the main interest of this thesis has been considered in the last chapter of the thesis.\nIn this chapter we also show that αβ-statistical convergence is a non-trivial extension\nof statistical, λ-statistical and lacunary statistical convergences. Finally, we introduced\nboundedness of a sequence in the sense of αβ-statistical convergence.\nKeywords: αβ−Statistical Convergence, λ−Statistical Convergence, Statistical Convergence,\nA-Statistical Convergence.\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………\nÖZ: Bu tezde, αβ-istatistiksel yakınsaklık kavramı incelenmi¸stir. Bu kapsamda, öncelikle\nistatistiksel yakınsaklık kavramı ve bu kavrama ba˘glı olarak, λ -istatistiksel, lacunary\nistatistiksel ve A−istatistiksel yakınsaklık konuları hatırlatılmı¸stır. Daha sonra bu tezin\nesas amacı olan αβ-istatistiksel yakınsaklık tanımı özellikleri ve λ-istatistiksel, lacunary\nistatistiksel ve A−istatistiksel yakınsaklık ile ili¸skileri verilmi¸stir. Bu kapsamda\nαβ-istatistiksel anlamında sınırlılık tanımı ilk kez bu çalı¸smada verilmi¸stir.\nAnahtar Kelimeler: αβ−˙Istatistiksel Yakinsaklik,λ−˙Istatistiksel Yakinsaklik, ˙Istatistiksel\nYakinsaklik, A-˙Istatistiksel Yakinsaklik.
Hydrogenolysis of Tantalum Hydrocarbyl Complexes:\nIntermediates on the Road to a Dinuclear Tantalum Tetrahydride Derivative

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The synthesis, characterization,\nand reactivity with H<sub>2</sub> of a series of tantalum hydrocarbyl\ncomplexes are reported. The\nreaction of [NPN*]­TaMe<sub>3</sub> (<b>4</b>, where NPN* = PhP­(2-(<i>N</i>-mesityl)-5-Me-C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>)\nwith dihydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>, 4 atm) results in the formation of\nthe dinuclear tetrahydride ([NPN*]­Ta)<sub>2</sub>(μ-H)<sub>4</sub> (<b>5</b>), without the observation of intermediates. The\npreparations of two alkyne benzyl complexes of the formula [NPN*]­Ta­(alkyne)­(CH<sub>2</sub>Ph) (where alkyne = BTA = bis­(trimethylsilyl)­acetylene (<b>6</b>), 3-hexyne (<b>7</b>)) are reported starting from\nthe respective chloroalkyne complexes [NPN*]­Ta­(alkyne)­Cl, by addition\nof benzylpotassium. Hydrogenation of these two alkyne benzyl complexes\nultimately results in the formation of the same dinuclear tetrahydride <b>5</b>; however, using lower pressures of H<sub>2</sub> and shorter\nreaction times results in the isolation of an intermediate in each\ncase. Hydrogenation of <b>6</b> generates the alkene hydride\ncomplex [NPN*]­Ta­(<i>trans</i>-1,2-C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>(SiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>)H (<b>8</b>); addition of H<sub>2</sub> to <b>7</b> gives [NPN*]­Ta­(1-hexene)H (<b>9</b>), in which the 3-hexyne moiety has been partially hydrogenated and\nisomerized to the 1-hexene regioisomer. Both of these alkene hydride\ncomplexes can be converted to the dinuclear tetrahydride complex <b>5</b> by addition of H<sub>2</sub>. A mechanism is proposed for\nthe formation of the intermediates that involves hydrogenolysis of\nthe alkyne moiety prior to the benzyl ligand; the formation of the <i>trans</i>-alkene units is suggested to be a result of a zwitterionic\nalkylidene intermediate that allows free rotation of a C–C\nsingle bond.
The Effects of frailty on extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the ability of EVs to rescue age-associated cellular dysfunction

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In Canada and across the world, the global population of older adults is rising. Within the next 15 years, approximately 25% of Canadians will be 65 years of age or older. This shift in population demographics will be a stressor for healthcare systems due to a concomitant loss of functional independence with age. While strategies exist to promote healthy living, there is also growing interest in research focused on attenuating the biological hallmarks of aging. Previous parabiosis experiments have shown that factors in the circulatory system may be key to reversing the cellular aging process. We propose that these youthful circulatory factors are encapsulated by extracellular vesicles (EVs), nanoparticles released by all cell types that are critical in cellular communication. To test our hypothesis, we obtained samples from the WARM Hearts Study (Clinical Trial #NCT02863211). In this study, we: 1) isolated and biochemically characterized EVs from women who were classified as robust, pre-frail or frail, and 2) co-cultured robust/young EVs, and frail/old EVs with chronologically young and old primary human skeletal muscle cells. Our results indicate that EVs isolated from frail subjects yielded 22% more protein than EVs isolated from robust subjects (*p=0.01, N=23) and 48.5% more protein than EVs isolated from pre-frail subjects (*p<0.001, N=12-23). Moreover, frail EVs had 119% lower ApoA1, a non-EV marker, than robust EVs (*p<0.01, N=8). Next, robust and frail plasma samples were stratified for epigenetic age (biological age) and EVs were isolated for co-culture experiments with young (19 year old) and old (92 year old) human skeletal muscle cells. Young and old cells were co-cultured with robust/biologically young and frail/biologically old plasma and EVs. We observed no difference in cell count or mitochondrial staining in any treatment groups. Treating old cells with EVs isolated from robust/biologically young subjects resulted in a 48% reduction in senescence as measured by beta-galactosidase staining (*p=0.02, N=7), and a 24% increase in cell viability (*p=0.02, N=6). Treating young cells with plasma isolated from frail/biologically old subjects resulted in a 16% decrease in cell viability (p=0.05, N=6). Treating young cells with EVs isolated from frail/biologically old subjects increased senescence by 73% (*p=0.007, N=7). The data show that EVs from frail/biologically old subjects have more protein, contain less ApoA1, and induced senescence in young cells, whereas EVs from robust/biologically young subjects rescued senescence in old cells.