jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of Bacteria in Microwells Constructed from Silver Nanoparticles

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Whole bacterial cell characterization is critically important for fast bacterial identification. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is proven to be powerful technique to serve such a goal. In this study, the characterization of whole bacterial cells in the microwells constructed from colloidal silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with “convective-assembly” method is reported. The proper size of the microwells for the model bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus cohnii , is determined to be 1.2 μ m from their electron microscopy images. A minimum dilution factor of 20 is necessary for the bacterial samples collected from growth media to diminish the bacterial aggregation to place the bacterial cells into the microwells. The constructed microwell structures are tested for their bacterial SERS performance and compared to the SERS spectra obtained from the samples prepared with a simple mixing of bacteria and AgNPs for the same bacteria. The results indicate that microwell structures not only improve the spectral quality but also increase the reproducibility of the SERS spectra.
Human novelty‐seeking personality traits and dopamine D4 receptor polymorphisms: a twin and genetic association study

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Although it is well-established that genetic variation is important in causing individual differences in many human personality traits or based on family, twin, and adoption studies, the first reports that specific genetic polymorphisms might influence a normal dimension of personality were only recently published. Specifically, two studies have described significant associations between a dopamine D4 receptor (D4DR) exon III 48-base pair (bp) insertion/deletion polymorphism and the personality traits of novelty-seeking and positive emotional experience [Benjamin et al. (1996): Nat Genet 12:81–84; Ebstein et al. (1996): Nat Genet 12:78–80]. The present study was undertaken to attempt to replicate these important and heuristic initial findings. Personality questionnaires measuring novelty-seeking and positive emotional experience were administered to 306 male and female young adult twins (monozygotic 92 pairs, dizygotic 61 pairs) from the general population, 281 of whom were genotyped for D4DR exon I and III polymorphisms. No significant associations were observed between novelty-seeking or positive emotional experience and these D4DR polymorphisms. This failure to replicate the initial reports seems unlikely to represent measurement or genetic differences across studies, although environmental differences may be possible. Adequate statistical power in the present study suggests that these results are unlikely to be statistical "false negatives" and instead may reduce confidence in the generality of the initial positive findings. Am. J. Med. Genet. (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 81:44–48, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN GERAK LOKOMOTOR MELALUI PERMAINAN LARI ESTAFET MODIFIKASI

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract. This study aims to determinan to increase locomotor skiil in early childhood Through game relay modification. The study was conducted on group B kindergarten with of sixteen children. This study action research by model Kemmis & Taggart. This research was conducted by using a provision of the cycle. Each cycle has four main activities: planning, action, observation dan refleksion. This research consist of two cycles, each cycle consist of 8 times in actions. Analysis of the data used quantitative and qualitative approaches. Analysis of quantitative data used descriptive statistics that compare the results obtained from the first cycle. While the analysis of qualitative data used analizing data from the field notes and interviews during the research by steps of data reduction, data display and data verivication. In the pre cycle persentage yield 47,08% after the act of the first cycle increased to 62,39% and 82,03% second cycle becomes. The results showed an increase locomotor skiils in aerly chillhood B gruop conducted through learning game relay modification. Keywords: Locomotor Skiils, Game Relay Modification
Comment on “Glassy Transition in a Disordered Model for the RNA Secondary Structure”

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In cond-mat/9907125 the low-temperature behavior of a model for RNA secondary\nstructure was studied. It is claimed that the model exhibits a breaking of the\nreplica symmetry, since the width of the distribution P(q) of overlaps may\nconverge to a finite value at T=0. The authors used an exact enumeration method\nto obtain all ground states for a given RNA sequence. Because of the\nexponential growing degeneracy, only sequences up to length L=256 could be\nstudied.\n Here it is shown that, in contrast to the previous results, by going to much\nlarger sizes as L=2000 the variance coverges towards zero, i.e. P(q) is a\ndelta-function in the thermodynamic limit.\n
Hordeum vulgare L. convar. deficiens (Steud.) Mansf. var. steudelii Körn., HOR 6269 BRG

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

PGRFA accession of IPK Gatersleben Plant Genetic Resource Taxon: Hordeum vulgare L. convar. deficiens (Steud.) Mansf. var. steudelii Körn. Accession number: HOR 6269 BRG Conserved by: DEU146 Acquisition: 2016-08-11 Origin country: ETH Biological status: genetic stock MLS status: Included AEGIS status: Not included Historic: No
Iron nutrition in rickets

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Iron nutrition in rickets Get access S. Swarup-Mitra, S. Swarup-Mitra ICMR Haematology Unit and Department of Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases, School of Tropical Medicine, Calcutta-700073, India Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A.K. Bhattacharyya A.K. Bhattacharyya ICMR Haematology Unit and Department of Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases, School of Tropical Medicine, Calcutta-700073, India Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 72, Issue 4, 1978, Pages 444–445, https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(78)90153-0 Published: 01 January 1978 Article history Published: 01 January 1978 Accepted: 20 March 1978
Housing and Tax Capitalisation

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the effect of the tax treatment of owner occupied housing upon its price, commonly known as the capitalisation effect, and looks at how this has a differential impact upon distinct groups in the housing market. These groups are existing outright owners, existing owners with mortgages, potential purchasers and tenants. It is shown how gains and losses due to the tax treatment of owner occupied housing are distributed amongst these categories, and how they might be realised. Illustrative calculations are presented for each group. The paper shows how the process of capitalisation can exacerbate the unequal treatment of owner-occupiers and tenants and thus presents an argument for the withdrawal of the favourable tax treatment of owner-occupied housing. The problems for the different groups that this change would imply are also discussed.
Soy productivity in response to application biofertilizer Enerplant®.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The soya is a dicotyledon plant, and the cultivated specie is the Glycine max, of Asian origin especially from China. The Brazil is the second biggest worldwide producer, with featured the Mato Grosso state. The objective of this present study was evaluate the productivity in the soya culture in answer of Enerplant Biofertilizer application. The experiment was realized in a trading farming, in soil classified like Latossolo Vermelho, in conditions of system of direct planting of straw. The Treatments consisted on application in g ha-1 of Enerplant in the seed, V4, V7 and R1 respectively: T1 – 0+0+0+0; T2 – 20+20+20+20; T3 – 20+20+20+20; T4 – 20+20+0+0; T5 – 20+0+0+0; T6 – 40+0+0+0; T7 – 80+0+0+0; T8 – 0+20+20+20; T9 – 0+0+20+20; T10 – 0+0+0+20. The treatments had four repetitions, on parcels of 2,25 x 5 m (11,25 m²) with five planting lines disposed in a casualized blocks delimitation (CBD). The fertilization in dosage of 160 kg ha-1 of the 01-42-00 (N-P2O5 – K2O) formula and 160 kg ha-1 of KCl. Were evaluated the number of pods from one, two and three grains, total number of pods, total number of grains, weight of 100 grains, pods number per plant, grains number per pod and productivity in kg ha-1. In the Analysis of the results, show there was no significant difference of any variables studied, dispensing the product application
Attitude and altitude instrument based on DSP

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle can be referred to as UAV. This design implements a system that based on DSP to measure altitude, airspeed and attitude of UAV. The system uses DSP as the controller and operator, and uses two MS5534C and a URF03-TTL232 to measure the altitude and airspeed of UAV. To measure attitude, we need three accelerometers and three gyroscopes. SCI serial port can be used to read data from the module. This design collects the data of these sensors by query method, and uses quaternion algorithm to calculate the attitude of UAV.
Equity-based financing and risk in Islamic banks: A cross-country analysis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Equity-based financing (EBF) is an Islamic bank (IB) financing type that promotes justice, spirituality, and Islamic values. However, data shows that IBs still have low EBF. The researcher noted that with EBF, there is information asymmetry, agency problems and the potential for moral hazards, meaning EBF may be a risky type of transaction. This study aims to empirically show whether EBF is a risky transaction by looking at the role of EBF in non-performing financing (NPF), the z-score, and the return on average assets (ROAA). The research sample consisted of 54 IBs from 19 countries, with an observation period of 11 years (2009 to 2019). This study finds that EBF has a positive effect on NPF and does not affect the z-score and ROAA. The subsample test shows that EBF is riskier for large IBs than for small IBs. EBF has a positive effect on NPF and a negative one on ROAA for large IBs. In contrast, EBF has a negative effect on the z-score of small IBs. This research examines the robustness of these findings by employing other models as well as the generalised method of moment (GMM) to address any endogeneity problems.
Melody Information Extraction of Humming Based on Wavelet Analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Aiming at the problem of the low ability of anti-noise and easily affected by formant when pitch period is extracted from melody using the traditional autocorrelation function. A method, making use of the band-pass property of the wavelet transform, combining the wavelet analysis with autocorrelation function to extract melody characters from the humming signal, is proposed. The experiment shows that this method can enforce the anti-noise in the extraction of the pitch, and reduce the influence of the formant. In the experiment the melody characteristics are extracted from two kinds of humming way. It is proved that this method is effective.
Dinâmica e competitividade das exportações de melão no estado do Ceará - 2000-2020

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This article aims to analyze the evolution of melon exports and competitiveness in the state of Ceará between the years 2000 to 2020. Methodologically, a literature review was used and, subsequently, international trade indicators were constructed, respectively, to Regional Orientation. Index (IOR), the Vollrath Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (IVCRV) and the Exports Revealed Competitiveness Index (CR). The results show that the state of Ceará increased its participation in melon exports in the sum of Brazilian exports, also resulting in an increase in the average price obtained per kilo of fruit. Finally, from the proposed indicators, it appears that Ceará's melon exports are strongly oriented to the United Kingdom. Regarding the competitiveness indicators, it was proved that the melon from Ceará has a comparative and competitive advantage revealed over the period analyzed in this study.
“So now I am Eritrean”. Mobilization strategies and multiple sense of belonging between local complexity and global immobility

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Some months ago I met Misan in Rome with some Eritrean friends and she introduced herself as an Eritrean refugee like all the others. This morning we were drinking a coffee together and while I was speaking about Shire [an Ethiopian town, in the regional state of Tigray], suddenly she revealed to me she had come from there, that she was not Eritrean but Ethiopian despite having obtained political asylum as an Eritrean. (Fieldnote, 13 May 2012). \nThis excerpt from our fieldnotes leads us into the aim of the article,1 which is to shed light on some mobility strategies put in place by migrants travelling from \nTigray (the northern Ethiopian region at the border with Eritrea) to Italy. Analysing their migratory paths, the focus will be on the strategies they employed to overcome the obstacles to mobility and to penetrate the porous wall built all around \nEurope by handling the intertwining of geopolitical borders and social and institutional boundaries at a local level. \nThe freedom to move and to cross borders is not equally distributed, although \nthe intensity and the speed of contemporary population movements have become \na catalyst for rethinking the idea of cultures and nations as discrete spatial units \nwith clear physical delimitations(Appadurai 1996; Malkki 1997). Immobility and \nborders shape and reinforce new kinds of discrimination and marginality and the \nmultiplication of obstacles to mobility is a major factor in the production of social, \neconomic and political inequalities (Fassin 2011).
The Emerging Ethics of Humancentric GPS Tracking and Monitoring

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is increasingly being adopted by private and public enterprise to track and monitor humans for location-based services (LBS). Some of these applications include personal locators for children, the elderly or those suffering from Alzheimer's or memory loss, and the monitoring of parolees for law enforcement, security or personal protection purposes. The continual miniaturization of the GPS chipset means that receivers can take the form of wristwatches, mini mobiles and bracelets, with the ability to pinpoint the longitude and latitude of a subject 24/7/365. This paper employs usability context analyses to draw out the emerging ethical concerns facing current humancentric GPS applications. The outcome of the study is the classification of current state GPS applications into the contexts of control, convenience, and care; and a preliminary ethical framework for considering the viability of GPS location-based services emphasizing privacy, accuracy, property and accessibility.
Comparison of Mitochondrial D-loop and Cyt b#br#Sequences of Squaliobarbus curriculus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Sequences of mitochondrial D-loop and Cyt b gene of 24 individuals of Squaliobarbus curriculus which were sampled from four populations in Yangtze River and Pearl River were determined.Using PCR amplification and sequencing,598bp of D-loop partial sequences and 752 bp of Cyt b partial sequences were obtained.In D-loop sequences,a total of 67 polymorphic sites defined 18 distinct haplotypes.And 34 parsim-info,40 transition,15 transversion and 14 insert/lacuna loci were found.The average content of A,T,C and G was 33.7%,35.1%,17.5% and 13.7%,respectively.In Cyt b sequences,72 polymorphic sites and 18 haplotypes were defined,and 68 parsim-info,60 transition,15 transversion and no insert/lacuna loci were found.The average content of A,T,C and G was 29.3%,26.4%,29.8% and 14.5%,respectively.The mean haplotype diversity(H),the average number of nucleotide difference(K) and nucleotide diversity(π) for D-loop sequences were 0.9638,16.543 5 and 0.0284,respectively.Accordingly,the values for Cyt b were 0.971 0,31.855 1 and 0.042 6,respectively.The results suggested that both D-loop and Cyt b genes showed high genetic diversity in S.curriculus,among which the majority existed within populations.Based on population pairwise genetic distances and FST,there were obvious genetic differences between Yangtze River and Pearl River for S.curriculus.Molecular phylogenetic tree and analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) also supported this result.The interpopulation genetic distances of Cyt b in the same water system were less than D-loop;while those in the different water system were more than D-loop.So for Cyt b,the more interpopulation genetic diversity was,the smaller genetic distances and FST were;the less interpopulation genetic diversity was,the larger genetic distances and FST were,which might be closely related to difference of evolutionary rate between D-loop and Cyt b gene.
Inverse Kinematics Analysis of Forearm in CPM Based on Biomechanics

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Continuous passive motion (CPM) is a surgical treatment or physiotherapy after operations for disorders. In the rehabilitation with the CPM device for the upper limb, because the musculoskeletal structure of the upper limb is not clarified, the relationships between the upper limb joint and CPM are not analyzed. Especially, the joint angle information by accompanying pronosupination of the forearm is not clear. In this paper, a method using the wrist direction vector for calculating inverse kinematics of the forearm is proposed and applied to pronosupination model based on the biomechanics. In addition, the results are verified by comparing with the measure result of the forearm.
Effect of Bactrocera minax (Diptera: Tephritidae) adult population density on its marginal distribution

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract In order to explore the impact of insect density on the edge effect of Bactrocera minax (Diptera: Tephritidae) adult distribution in orange orchards, traps were set up in orchards with maggot infestation rates of 2%, 4%, and 20% to attract adults. The study compared differences in distribution between the side with noncitrus trees and the side farther away from them. The results showed that at lower insect densities (2% and 4% maggot infestation rates), the proportion of insect trap sites and the number of insects per trap on the side of the orchard adjacent to the trees were significantly higher than that on the side away from the noncitrus trees, additionally, the proportion of adults captured 10 to 20 m away from the side of noncitrus trees was also significantly higher than at other distances. However, at higher insect density (20% maggot infestation rates), there were no significant differences in the proportion of insect traps or the number of insects per trap between the adjacent and distant sides of the trees. Similarly, there were no significant differences in the proportion of adults captured at distances of 10, 20, 30, and 40 m away from the side of noncitrus trees in the orchard. In summary, at low insect density, B. minax adults exhibit a strong edge effect, concentrating on the side of the orchard with noncitrus trees, whereas at high insect density, they are evenly distributed throughout the orchard.
Slow light engineering in resonant photonic crystal line-defect waveguides

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Slow light plays an outstanding role in a wide variety of optical applications, from quantum information to optical processing. While slow optical guiding in photonic crystal waveguides is typically based on Bragg band gaps occurring in non-resonant photonic crystals, here we explore the possibility to leverage the hybridization photonic band gaps of resonant photonic crystals to induce a different form of slow light guiding. We study a line-defect waveguide in a periodic structure composed of high-permittivity resonant dielectric objects and exploit the different guiding mechanisms associated with the hybridization band gap to induce slow light in the resonant phase of the crystal. We demonstrate quantitatively that this method can, in principle, produce high group indices over large bandwidths with potential values of group-index bandwidth products up to 0.67.
Maternal and fetal risks of rotational instrumental delivery and multiple instrument use: Abstract PL.43 Table 1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Instrumental delivery is increasingly scrutinised for complication rates, in particular in association with multiple instruments and rotational delivery. There is a paucity of recent UK data describing complication rates for these deliveries, thus we aimed to report complication rates for a large UK cohort. Methods Data was collected from all instrumental deliveries conducted at a large tertiary referral centre in Manchester from October 2008–June 2011. Data was collected using an electronic audit proforma that also served as the medical record. Results Data was available for 1985 deliveries; 688 (35%) ventouse, 905 (46%) forceps, 178 (9%) Kiellands, 51 (2%) rotational ventouse, 163 (8%) 2 instruments. There was no increased risk of third degree perineal trauma with the use of Kielland's forceps (2%) or multiple instruments (7.9%) compared to forceps use (6.6%). Rotational delivery and multiple instrument use were associated with a reduction in fetal cord pH (table 1, p<0.05 except for arterial pH for double instrumentation p=0.12 Mann-Whitney). Abstract PL.43 Table 1 Median fetal cord pH, shown with interquartile range Non Rotational Rotational Single instrument Double instrument Arterial pH 7.21 (7.16-7.26) 7.19 (7.13-7.24) 7.20 (7.15-7.25) 7.18 (7.13-7.25) Venous pH 7.29 (7.24-7.33) 7.28 (7.22-7.32) 7.28 (7.23-7.33) 7.27 (7.21-7.32) Conclusions Surprisingly, the use of Kielland's forceps in this study did not increase the risk of third degree perineal tears, possibly reflecting the presence of senior operators. However, rotational deliveries and multiple instrument use were associated with reduced fetal cord Ph, although the differences were small so may be of dubious clinical significance.
Retinoblastoma-binding proteins 4 and 9 are important for human pluripotent stem cell maintenance

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

These results reveal new candidate positive regulators of human PS cells, providing evidence of their ability to regulate expression of pluripotency, cell cycle, and differentiation genes in human PS cells. These data provide valuable new leads for further elucidating mechanisms of human pluripotency.