jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Periods of austerity: The emergence of ‘period poverty’ in UK news media

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article analyses the emergence of the discourse of period poverty in UK news media across a two-year period. Using thematic analysis and discourse analysis, I analyse three themes: the focus on the schoolgirl, the silencing of the austerity context and the preoccupation with products and public figures to solve the structural issue of period poverty. In doing so, I argue that period poverty has emerged in the cultural sphere due to three key, and intertwined, forces: the continued dismantling of the welfare state and individualising of poverty, an escalation of mainstream feminism and feminist activism around menstruation, as well as high-profile individuals (celebrities, MPs, royals etc) supporting period poverty as philanthropy. This article brings together literature on austerity media culture and mediations of mainstream feminism/s. It expands scholarship on austerity media culture by analysing how the novel discourse of period poverty continues to individualise poverty and justify the ongoing dismantling of the welfare state, and it furthers scholarship on mainstream feminism/s by examining how the discourse of period poverty connects mainstream feminism/s with austerity and class.
Small gene family encoding an eggshell (chorion) protein of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have isolated six independent genomic clones encoding schistosome chorion or eggshell proteins from a Schistosoma mansoni genomic library. A linkage may of five of the clones spanning 35 kilobase pair (kbp) of the S. mansoni genome was constructed. The region contained two eggshell protein genes closely linked, separated by 7.5 kbp of intergenic DNA. The two genes of the cluster were arranged in the same orientation, that is, they were transcribed from the same strand. The sixth clone probably represents a third copy of the eggshell gene that is not contained within the 35-kbp region. The 5' end of the mRNA transcribed from these genes was defined by primer extension directly off the RNA. The ATCAT cap site sequence was homologous to a silkmoth chorion PuTCATT cap site sequence, where Pu indicates any purine. DNA sequence analysis showed that there were no introns in these genes. The DNA sequences of the three genes were very homologous to each other and to a cDNA clone, pSMf61-46, differing only in three or four nucleotides. A multiple TATA box was located at positions -23 to -31, and a CAAAT sequence was located at -52 upstream of the eggshell transcription unit. Comparison of sequences in regions further upstream with silkmoth and Drosophila sequences revealed several very short elements that were shared. One such element, TCACGT, recently shown to be an essential cis-regulatory element for silkmoth chorion gene promoter function, was found at a similar position in all three organisms.
Prediction Model of Disparities in Health Coverage Among Psychiatric Inpatients

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Research dataset has produced several studies and accepted and presented at several national conferences in 2018 and 2019 including the Annual Research Meeting of Academy Health sponsored by Patient Centered Research Institute in Washington DC and the Annual Meeting sponsored by the Council of Social Work Education in Orlando, FL. Omary, A. National estimates of prevalence and correlates of major depression among hospital discharged patients. Poster presentation at the Annual Research Meeting Conference. Academy Health. Washington D.C. (June 2-4, 2019). Accepted. https://academyhealth.confex.com/academyhealth/2019arm/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/31133 Omary, A. Multinomial Logistic Regression Model for Predicting Disparities in Health Coverage among Psychiatric Inpatients. Poster presentation at the Annual Research Meeting Conference. Academy Health. Seattle, WA (June 24-26, 2018). Accepted. https://academyhealth.confex.com/academyhealth/2018arm/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/23578 Omary, A. Prediction Model of Disparities in Health Coverage Among Psychiatric Inpatients. Poster presentation at the Annual Program Meeting. Council of Social Work Education. Orlando, FL (November 8-11, 2018). Accepted.
[Double blind study of the effect of alveolar air distribution influenced by RG 033 in chronic bronchitis].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

RG 033 is a compound consisting of betametasone in resinic microcapsules which allow a slow and continuous dialysis of the active drug through the membrane in the digestive tract. The drug was studied with regard to its effects on the distribution of alveolar air and its gastric tolerance. In a preliminary study the drug release from the capsules in the pH-conditions of the digestive tract was studied by means of a physico-chemical model. Two groups of 15 patients with broncho-obstruction reversed by salbutamol, a potent beta 2-sympathomimetic, were included in the trial. One group received 1 mg and the other 2 mg of the drug. An alternate scheme was used for the treatments. The functional methods used to assess the ventilatory results were chosen according to the conclusions of a previous comprehensive study by one of the authors [7] [8]. The ventilatory results of both dosages were quite similar. This observation suggests that a maximum effect on alveolar air distribution was obtained with 1 mg. No unfavourable side-effect on the gastric mucosa was observed.
[2 stages in the formation of the humoral component of immunological reactivity in acantholytic pemphigus].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A study was made of the time course of the blood serum and plasma levels of large-, medium-, and small-sized CIC in patients with acantholytic pemphigus (n = 15) and healthy donors (n = 15). We could find no comparative data in the literature on blood serum and plasma CICs in acantholytic pemphigus (AP). Blood to be assayed was taken from those AP patients receiving course treatments by generally recognized techniques during AP progression, stabilization, and significant regression of the eruption. In the normal state as well as during progression and stabilization of the dermatosis manifestations large and medium CICs in plasma exceeded those in serum 1.3-2.2-fold. On the contrary, in plasma the above values got lower during the regression stage of the eruption (table). The findings available allow us to assume that there are two distinct stages in the process of formation of the humoral component of immunologic reactivity in AP.
A MODEL OF SPRING WHEAT (Triticum aestivum) FOR LARGE AREA YIELD ESTIMATIONS ON THE CANADIAN PRAIRIES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A physically-based model is described which calculates hard red spring wheat yields for the Canadian prairies given daily weather parameters. The model uses a simple resistance analog to calculate plant water stress and a nonlinear response factor for temperature effects. Yield data on a large area (crop district) basis were used both for calculating coefficients in the model with a nonlinear least squares algorithm and for verification purposes. Weather effects were separated from technological trends using multiplicative and additive non-linear time functions. The model with the additive time trend produced smaller standard errors of estimate (SEE) on all soil types; SEEs between actual and calculated yield averaged 157, 225 and 253 kg ha −1 for the Brown, Dark Brown, and Black soil zones respectively using the additive time trend. Use of the model for predictive purposes is discussed.Key words: Time trends, nonlinear fitting, physical model, crop district scale
Antecedents of Employees’ Job Performance: A Case of Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The company's productivity relies on the performance of its human resources. Many scholars are interested in job performance because of its significance to business performance. Hence, this study is attempted to investigate factors that motivate the employees' job performance. The study was conducted among 102 Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka employees. This cross-sectional study has identified three antecedents, namely reward system, work environment, and career development. Data were gathered via a self-administer questionnaire. Convenience sampling was used as a method to determine the respondent for this study and data collected were analyzed using correlational statistical techniques with the latest version of SPSS software. The result shows that there is a positive relationship between reward systems, work environment, and career development with job performance among employees in the Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. For future research, the study proposes to examine other variables such as work-life balance, and workload to measure their relationship with job performance. It is also recommended that other researchers replicate the study in a different research setting, such as obtaining the data from private sectors.
Device-Tagged Feature-based Localization and Mapping of Wide Areas with a PTZ Camera

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a new method for estimating and maintaining over time the pose of a single Pan-Tilt-Zoom camera (PTZ). This is achieved firstly by building offline a keypoints database of the scene; then, in the online step, a coarse localization is obtained from camera odometry and finally refined by visual landmarks matching. A mainte-nance step is also performed at runtime to keep updated the geometry and appearance of the map. At the present state-of-the-art, there are no methods ad-dressing the problem of being operative for a long period of time. Also, differently from our proposal these methods do not take into account for variations in focal length. Experimental evaluation shows that the proposed ap-proach makes it possible to deliver stable camera pose tracking over time with hundreds of thousand landmarks, which can be kept updated at runtime. 1.
Details of Inspection of Static Ropes with Polyester Sheath after Contact with Various Acids

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This article considers static ropes - one of the components of a personal fall protection system when working at heights. The issue of accidents when working at heights in Russia and abroad is raised. The inspection of the ropes is considered as one of the local mechanisms to reduce injuries when performing work at heights, as well as the advanced training of specialists responsible for the inspection of personal protective equipment against falling from a height. The effect of acid solutions most commonly encountered in industrial activities with short-term contact and with prolonged contact on polyamide ropes is investigated. Recommendations are given for a more competent use of these products in various situations without compromising safety. The questions of solving the problem of the hidden effect of acids on static ropes with a polyester sheath are raised.
Mapping the Scope of Information Technology Enabled Transformation: A Multi-Theoretical Framework and Review

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Existing studies looking at transformation enabled by information technology (IT) \nspan from the micro to the macro aspects, and their theoretical foundations range from \nthe institutional emphasis on cognition and normative social structures within and \nacross organizational boundaries, to the focus of economics on the structure and \ncompetition in electronic markets and industries. The inter-level dynamics of ITenabled \ntransformation and the constant blurring of boundaries have as a consequence \nthe growing significance of articulating both the social relations and economic-led \ninteractions in the study of organizations, virtual inter-organizational business \nnetworks, electronic markets and industries. Studies, however, tend to adopt a single \ntheoretical perspective and focus on a particular unit of analysis, preventing \nresearchers and practitioners from gaining a comprehensive understanding of ITenabled \ntransformation. As research continues to advance in each one of the \ndisciplinary areas concerned with the socio-economic, strategic and organisational \ntransformation enabled by information technology, it becomes increasingly important \nto consider areas of convergence and controversy across separate perspectives and \nacross levels. The aim of this paper is to critically review selected studies focusing on \nIT-enabled transformation in organizations, virtual inter-organizational business \nnetworks, electronic markets and industries in this era of technological convergence, \nand to generate recommendations for theory building. In so doing, this paper develops \na multi-theoretical framework drawing from established strategic management, \ninstitutional and socio-organizational perspectives, and at various levels of analysis. \nThe theoretical framework draws from the management literature of organization \nscience and strategic management, as well as the more specialised literature of \ninformation technology management.
Impact of High-Density Lipoproteins on Sepsis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Here, we review the impact of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) on sepsis from the perspective of biochemistry and pathophysiology, epidemiological research, and intervention studies in animals. Pathogen lipid moieties are major ligands for innate immunity receptors, such as toll-like receptors. The binding of pathogen-associated lipids to lipoproteins leads to sequestration, neutralization, and inactivation of their pro-inflammatory effects. Lipoproteins constitute an arm of the innate immune system. Pathogen-associated lipids can be removed from the body via the reverse lipopolysaccharide transport pathway in which HDL play a key role. Independent of the capacity for sequestration, the direct anti-inflammatory effects of HDL may counteract the development of sepsis. Mendelian randomization research using genetic variants associated with HDL cholesterol as an instrumental variable was consistent with a probable causal relationship between increased HDL cholesterol levels and decreased risk of infectious hospitalizations. Low HDL cholesterol independently predicts an adverse prognosis in sepsis both in observational epidemiology and in Mendelian randomization studies. Several HDL-associated enzymes, including phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) and cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP), undergo profound changes during sepsis. Potential HDL-directed interventions for treatment of sepsis include apolipoprotein A-I-based therapies, recombinant PLTP, and CETP inhibition.
Distribution of Dipeptidase Activity between Lysosomes and Soluble Fraction of Rat Liver

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Dipeptidase activity toward Arg-Phe, Arg-Gly, and Trp-Leu exhibited bimodal distribution in the lysosomal and soluble fractions of rat liver. The majority (50–70%) of the dipeptidase activity was present in the soluble fraction. Some evidence for a plasma membrane dipeptidase, which hydrolyzes Trp-Leu but not Arg-Phe or Arg-Gly, also was found. The lysosomal dipeptidase activity had a pH optimum of 6.0–7.0, and was activated by sulfhydryl reagents. Lysosomal localization for some of the dipeptidase activity was established with Triton WR-1339 fractionation and latency experiments.
Das Steuerrecht als Verfassungsproblem

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The 4th edition of the first volume of this work provides an update of the commentary on the preamble and articles 1 to 19 in case law and literature. The structure of the book has been retained and its content supplemented by more recent developments, such as the implications of Europeanisation and digitalisation as well as the Corona pandemic. As of the 4th edition, Frauke Brosius-Gersdorf has taken over the editorship of the commentary.
THE β THALASSEMIAS

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Over the years, study of the thalassemia syndromes has served as a paradigm for gaining insights into the factors that can regulate or disrupt normal gene expression. The thalassemias constitute a heterogeneous group of naturally occurring, inherited mutations characterized by abnormal globin gene expression resulting in total absence or quantitative reduction of α- or β-globin chain synthesis in human erythroid cells. α Thalassemia is associated with absent or decreased production of α-chains, whereas in the β thalassemias, there is absent or decreased production of β-chains. In those cases in which some of the affected globin chain is synthesized, early studies demonstrated no evidence of an amino acid substitution. In all cases in which genetic evidence was available, the thalassemia gene appeared to be allelic with the structural gene encoding α- or β-globin. The elucidation of the nature of the various molecular lesions in thalassemia has been a fascinating process, and full of surprises. Increase in our knowledge of the molecular basis of β thalassemia has closely followed and depended on progress and technical breakthroughs in the fields of biochemistry and molecular biology. In particular, recombinant DNA and polymerase chain reaction–based technologies have contributed to a virtual explosion of new information on the precise molecular basis of most forms of thalassemia. The accrual of this knowledge has, to a great degree, paralleled the acquisition of new, detailed information on the structure, organization, and function of the normal human globin genes, as described in the preceding chapters.
Dislocation Structure and Mobility in Hcp Rare-Gas Solids: Quantum versus Classical

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We study the structural and mobility properties of edge dislocations in rare-gas crystals with the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) structure by using classical simulation techniques. Our results are discussed in the light of recent experimental and theoretical studies on hcp 4 He, an archetypal quantum crystal. According to our simulations classical hcp rare-gas crystals present a strong tendency towards dislocation dissociation into Shockley partials in the basal plane, similarly to what is observed in solid helium. This is due to the presence of a low-energy metastable stacking fault, of the order of 0.1 mJ/m 2 , that can get further reduced by quantum nuclear effects. We compute the minimum shear stress that induces glide of dislocations within the hcp basal plane at zero temperature, namely, the Peierls stress, and find a characteristic value of the order of 1 MPa. This threshold value is similar to the Peierls stress reported for metallic hcp solids (Zr and Cd) but orders of magnitude larger than the one estimated for solid helium. We find, however, that in contrast to classical hcp metals but in analogy to solid helium, glide of edge dislocations can be thermally activated at very low temperatures, T∼10 K, in the absence of any applied shear stress.
The Crustal Structure And CTBT Monitoring Of India: New Insights From Deep Seismic Profiling

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract : The nation of India has been collecting seismic data for nearly three decades. However, because it has historically been difficult for Western scientists to access this valuable resource or identify individuals responsible for program development, this information has not readily been made available. In the past year (2000), a collaborative effort began between the National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI) in Hyderabad, India and the US Geological Survey (USGS) in Menlo Park, CA. Since NGRI is a leading organization for geophysics in India, the scope of this collaborative effort will strengthen our knowledge of crustal structure of India. On a continent-wide scale, it was observed that crustal thickness values range from 35 to 40 km in most of India, with the Himalayas being the biggest exception (thickness about 80 km). We have summarized the internal velocity structure of the crust with crustal columns from throughout India. Crustal structure correlates with geological province, and generally thins at the margins, as a result of the transition from continental to oceanic crust. In addition, we have recently reprocessed newly obtained seismic reflection images and interpreted these results with geological and other geophysical constraints. The deep seismic reflection data was acquired using a recording geometry of 100 m shot/detector spacing, utilizing two DFS-V recording units under master-slave mode. Reprocessing was done using ProMax software at the US Geological Survey in Menlo Park, California. Seismic images across the Central Indian Suture Zone reveal a reflection band from 4 to 19 s (twt) that shallows to the SE. A strong reflection band, at 14 s (twt) (approx 44 km) in the northeast, is interpreted as the Moho.
The deep layers of the superior colliculus.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The evidence is compelling that the deep layers of the SC are involved in the translation of sensory signals into motor commands for the control of saccadic eye movements. The deep layers receive inputs from brain areas involved in the analysis of stimuli (visual, auditory and somatosensory) used to guide orienting movements. Patterns of activity recorded from collicular neurons are appropriate for the initiation and direction of saccades, and neurons carrying these signals are organized topographically, forming a map of motor (saccadic) space. Efferent projections from the deep layers are to brainstem nuclei having direct or indirect connections with motoneuron pools innervating extraocular muscles. Finally, reversible inactivation of neurons in the deep colliculus severely impairs the ability of animals to generate accurate saccades. Major gaps in our knowledge of the anatomical and functional organization of the SC remain. The physiological signals conveyed to the SC over afferent pathways are, for the most part, unknown. The intrinsic organization of the SC is poorly understood; and the question of whether or not there is extensive communication between neurons in the superficial and deep divisions has not yet been resolved. Very little is known about the morphology, location or physiological response properties of the cells of origin of the major efferent pathways; and the neural circuits involved in decoding information about the direction, velocity and amplitude of saccades (contained in the spatial and temporal pattern of neural activity of collicular cells) are still unspecified. In general, the contribution of the sensory responses of deep collicular neurons to the initiation of orienting movements is unknown. There is no experimental evidence that the activity of deep collicular neurons responsive to sensory stimuli is either necessary or sufficient for the generation of the motor signals observed in the SC, and patterns of connections within the SC specifically involved in the translation of sensory signals into motor commands have not been identified. The alignment (in anesthetized or paralysed animals) of auditory, somatosensory and visual maps in the SC has influenced thinking about the process of sensorimotor integration. It is commonly assumed that the deep division of the SC contains topographical maps of sensory space--i.e., a point in the space surrounding the animal is represented by neurons residing at a particular location in the SC. It is assumed, further, that sensory signals from different modalities originating from the same point in space activate a common pool of collicular neurons located within this representation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)