jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ultra Low-Dispersion Spectroscopy with Gaia and Photographic Objective Prism Surveys

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

This paper discusses the ultra low-dispersion spectroscopy to be applied in the ESA Gaia space observatory and the ground-based objective-prism plate surveys. Although the dispersion in plate surveys is usually larger than in the Gaia BP/RP spectrometers, the spectral resolutions differ by a factor of 2–3 only, since the resolution in ground-based spectra is seeing-limited. We argue that some of the algorithms developed for digitized objective-prism plates can also be applied for the Gaia spectra. At the same time, the plate results confirm the feasibility of observing strong emission lines with Gaia RP/BP.
A Tabu search Approach Towarsd Congestion and Total Flow

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper considers rearrangeable multihop lightwave networks whereby each network node is equipped with a number p of transmitters and receivers, and a spectrum of wavelengths is accessible by, and shared among, all nodes by using the Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). Depending on input traffic flow, nodal transmitters and receivers can be re-tuned to create virtual connectivity best suited with respect to a given optimization criterion. We present an efficient heuristic algorithm that combines two criteria for optimization: throughput maximization, as well as total flow minimization. Throughput maximization criterion is equivalent to congestion minimization, while minimizing total flow under the assumption of having links with equal lengths implies minimization of the average number of hops. Taking into account lengths of the links (i.e. link costs proportional with distances), the total flow minimization becomes equivalent to the total delay minimization. Tabu search is implemented as a two phase strategy dealing with diversification as well as intensification of search. Computational experiments include consecutive runs with different sets of weights associated with the two criteria. Results for a benchmark set of problems are presented.
Epidemiological aspects of appendicitis in a rural setup

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: The aim was to study the 3-year epidemiological trend of acute appendicitis in a rural setup. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients who were admitted with a diagnosis of appendicitis over a period of 3 years excluding negative appendectomy cases. Totally, 130 cases were diagnosed as an acute appendicitis, on clinical suspicion and investigations during this period. We reviewed and studied these cases regarding incidence of appendicitis in different age groups, sex, according to dietary pattern and seasonal trend. Results: Occurrence of appendicitis was the highest in the 11-20 years age group which constituted 44.6%. Followed by 21-30 years age group, which constituted 36.1%. The incidence of appendicitis between the age group 31 and 40 years constituted 11.5% while between 0 and 10 years age group was 3%. Between 41-50 years and 51-75 years of age group 2.3% each. The youngest case recorded was 8 years of age and the oldest 65 years of age. In this study occurrence of appendicitis in both male and female was almost equal. Nonvegetarians were affected more than vegetarians. The occurrence of appendicitis was peak in the spring and low in the summer. Conclusion: Acute appendicitis should be suspected irrespective of age, sex and socioeconomic status of individual. Age-specific occurrence, sex ratio of appendicitis give the impression that epidemiologic features of acute appendicitis are different with worldwide data. It is difficult to diagnose appendicitis in young children, young women and elderly people. Total leukocyte count, urine microscopy, ultrasonography and computed tomography abdomen should be used as a diagnostic aid in doubtful cases in association with physical findings, but it does not replace the clinical skills of a general surgeon.
Developmental Coordination Disorder, Self-Efficacy Toward Physical Activity, and Play: Does Gender Matter?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study investigated the effect of gender on the relationship between Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and self-reported participation in organized and recreational free-play activities. A participation-activity questionnaire and the short form Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency was administered to a large sample of children ages 9 to 14 (N = 590). A total of 44 children (19 boys, 25 girls) were identified as having probable DCD. Regardless of gender, children with DCD had lower self-efficacy toward physical activity and participated in fewer organized and recreational play activities than did children without the disorder. While there were no gender by DCD interactions with self-efficacy and play, girls with DCD had the lowest mean scores of all children. These findings are discussed in terms of the social norms that influence boys and girls’ participation in physical activity.
Study on Smart Numerical Simulation Mechanism in Complex Reservoir Using Embedded Discrete Fracture Model

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) method is used to study the mechanism model of the reservoir with a complex fracture system, and the sensitivity analysis of the development effect is carried out. The results show that: 1) the EDFM method can directly characterize the fracture morphology and fracture attributes in the reservoir; 2) Through comparative analysis of reservoir type, capillary force, and fracture development degree, it is found that different reservoir types have great differences in development effect, fracture opening has little influence on the reservoir, capillary force and fracture density have a great influence on the reservoir development effect, and with the increase of fracture density, the reservoir development effect increases significantly.
PerspectivesX: A Tool to Scaffold Collaborative Learning Activities within MOOCs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this workshop, we introduce the PerspectivesX tool which aims to scaffold collaborative learning activities within MOOCS. The PerspectivesX tool is designed to promote learner knowledge construction and curation for a range of multi-perspective elaboration\ntechniques (e.g. SWOT analysis and Six Thinking Hats). The PerspectivesX tool stores learner submissions in a searchable knowledge base which is able to be persisted across course re-runs and promotes the use of natural language processing techniques to allow course moderators to provide scalable feedback. In this workshop we will outline the purpose of this structured collaborative learning tool, and the design principles adhered to during implementation. We also outline key points for discussion at the workshop which relate to embedding analytics to enable instructor feedback and improve linkage to learning design.
Influence of support materials on methanogenic biofilm formation in ammonia rich environments

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Ammonia is the main inhibitor of methanogenesis during the anaerobic digestion (AD) of protein-rich materials. Promoting biomass development as biofilm is a well-known strategy to overcome inhibition by toxic compounds in engineered AD systems. In the on-going study, the biofilm formation on three supports (zeolite, magnetite and nylon) and the bacterial acclimatisation of syntrophic acetate oxidizing bacteria (SAOB) and hydrogenotrophic methanogenic archaea (HMA) was successfully attained. The results suggest that magnetite and nylon could enhance the proliferation of SAOB above the support, while zeolite due to its capacity to retain ammonia in its structure avoid the presence of those communities.
MORE EARLY HISTORY OF AUSTRALIAN ZOOLOGY

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A chronological account of the development of Australian zoology was begun in the author's Early History of Australian Zoology (R.Z.S.N.S.W., 1970) which covered the period from the earliest times to those of Captain Cook's voyages. The present sequel continues this account for the half-century from about 1780 to the early 1830s and is the substance of the 1974 Presidential Address to the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales which was delivered under the title, "Naturalists of the First Fleet—Naturalists of Napoleon".
The role of participatory design activities in supporting sense-making in the smart city

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We examine the role of participatory design activities in supporting sense-making while anticipating technological effects in smart cities. The effects of technology are not univocal. Therefore, creating smart city visions that enclose multiple meanings requires providing environments where stakeholders make the often-implicit processes of meaning attribution to technology explicit. We develop and test three participatory design activities to anticipate value changes and controversies in smart cities, and analyze how these activities supported seven sense-making properties. Our results show that visibilizing, reframing, and imagining are key characteristics of participatory design activities in supporting sense-making. Visibilizing technological impacts ‘makes things public,’ revealing existing perspectives and fostering new ones. Reframing technological impacts enhances empathy for diverse interests instead of treating smart cities as technical problems. Imagining supports understanding connections between technology and society to anticipate impacts. Our insights contribute to the provision of participatory design activities to articulate multiple meanings around smart cities.
No evidence for DNA in cyanobacterial carboxysomes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The possibility that cyanobacterial carboxysomes may contain DNA was investigated using Chlorogloeopsis 6912, Gloeobacter 7421 and Anabaena 7120. No evidence of extrachromosomal DNA was obtained in whole-cell lysates or isolated disrupted carboxysomal fractions of Chlorogloeopsis or Gloeobacter. A plasmid of about 5 kb was found in Anabaena 7120 lysates, although this was localized in the supernatants of cell extracts and was not associated with particulate carboxysomal fractions.
An efficient simulation of skin contact deformation for virtual ergonomic assessments of handheld products

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Skin contact conditions play a significant role in the virtual ergonomic assessment of handheld products. In this paper, in order to simulate the skin contact deformation mechanism, a physical model based on Boussinesq approximation with nonlinear elasticity and a compressing-swelling effect was proposed. The parameters of this model were decided by fitting experimental data. Based on the model, a skin deformation simulation, including a pre-process and an online, was presented. The spatially distributed heterogeneity of skin was realized by partitioning the hand surface according to anatomy knowledge. The contact situations were simulated in the simple case of finger and palm deformation and the complex grasp posture. The estimated contact conditions, such as contact pressure distribution, were compared with real measurements. The results indicated that this technique has higher efficiency, validity, and extensibility.
Understanding Consumer Acceptance of Mobile-Retail. An empirical analysis of the revised technology acceptance model

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT This study was motivated by the desire to identify relevant acceptance drivers of mobile-retail. An integrated model was presented that incorporated social influences, compatibility and mobility into the Technology Acceptance Model as indicators of consumers’ intentions to use mobile-retail. The proposed model was empirically assessed using survey data from 513 students. Structural equations modeling (SEM) was utilized to test the causalities in this model. The results revealed that perceived usefulness, social influences and compatibility significantly affect intention to use mobile-retail. Among them, compatibility was found to be the strongest predictor. Additionally, perceived ease of use and compatibility were proven as strong indicators of perceived usefulness. On a different note, neither perceived ease of use nor mobility were found to significantly influence mobile-retail use. These findings provide several implications for managers, namely the ways in which mobile-retail needs to be marketed in order to increase its use.
Read [PDF] Books John Coltrane - Omnibook: for B-flat Instruments Full PDF

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

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RacialDifferencesinVeterans'Satisfaction WithExaminationofDisability FromPosttraumaticStressDisorder

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: The examination that determines if a veteran has serviceconnected posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects veterans’ lives for years. This study examined factors potentially associated with veterans’ perception of their examination’s quality. Methods: Veterans (N=384) being evaluated for an initial PTSD service-connection claim were randomly assigned to receive either a semistructured interview or the examiner’s usual interview. Immediately after the interview, veterans completed confidential ratings of the examinations’ quality and of their examiners’ interpersonal qualities and competence. Extensive data characterizing the veterans, the 33 participating examiners, and the examinations themselves were collected. Results: Forty-seven percent of Caucasian veterans and 34% of African-American veterans rated their examination quality as excellent. African Americans were less likely than Caucasians to assign a higher quality rating (odds ratio=.61, 95% confidence interval=.38–.99, p=.047). Compared with Caucasians, African Americans rated their examiners as having significantly worse interpersonal qualities but not lower competence. Ratings were not significantly related to the veterans’ age, gender, marital status, eventual diagnosis of PTSD, Global Assessment of Functioning score, the examiner’s perception of the prevalence of malingering, or the presence of a third party during the examination. Conclusions: Ratings of disability examinations were generally high, although ratings were less favorable among African-American veterans than among Caucasian veterans. (Psychiatric Services 64:354–359, 2013; doi: 10.1176/appi. ps.201100526)
The influence of fuel type on the cooling system heat exchanger parameters in heavy-duty engines

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper discuses the problem of selection of cooling systems for heavy-duty engines fitted in city buses. Aside from diesel engines, engine manufacturers also have in their portfolio engines fueled with natural gas, whose design is based on that of a conventional diesel engine. Based on the parameters of the engines from this type-series (the same displacement and rated power) an analysis has been performed of the influence of the applied fuel on the heat flows directed to the radiators and charge air coolers, hence, their size and space necessary for their proper installation. A replacement of a diesel engine with a natural gas fueled engine of the same operating parameters results in an increased amount of heat released to the coolant and a reduced heat from the engine charging system. This forces a selection of different heat exchangers that require more space for installation. A universal cooling module for different engines is not an optimal solution.
Counting sheaves on singular curves and surfaces

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Given a virtually smooth quasi-projective scheme \(M\), and a morphism from \(M\) to a nonsingular quasi-projective variety \(B\), we show it is possible to find an affine bundle \(M'/ M\) that admits a perfect obstruction theory relative to \(B\). We study the resulting virtual cycles on the fibers of \(M'/B\) and relate them to the image of the virtual cycle \([M]^{vir}\) under refined Gysin homomorphisms. Our main application is when \(M\) is a moduli space of stable codimension 1 sheaves on a nonsingular projective surface or Fano threefold.
Zea mays L. VA 277

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Zea mays L.
Common name(s): Maize
Other names: IGNOTA-ROSSA
Conserved by: CREA-Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali (CREA-CI-BG), Italy
Local sample unique identifier: VA 277
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 1954
Historical: No
Biological status: Traditional cultivar/landrace
MLS status: Included
HLTF Resolves G4s and Promotes G4-Induced Replication Fork Slowing to Maintain Genome Stability. Gongshi Bai et al.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

G-quadruplexes (G4s) form throughout the genome and influence important cellular processes. Their deregulation can challenge DNA replication fork progression and threaten genome stability. Here, we demonstrate an unexpected role for the dsDNA translocase HLTF in responding to G4s. We show that HLTF, which is enriched at G4s in the human genome, can directly unfold G4s in vitro and uses this ATP-dependent translocase function to suppress G4 accumulation throughout the cell cycle. Additionally, HLTF and MSH2, a component of MutS heterodimers which bind G4s, act independently to suppress G4 accumulation, to restrict alternative lengthening of telomeres and to promote resistance to G4 stabilizing drugs. In a discrete but complementary role, HLTF restrains DNA synthesis when G4s are stabilized by suppressing PrimPol-dependent repriming. Together, the distinct roles of HLTF in the G4 response prevents DNA damage and potentially mutagenic replication to safeguard genome stability. Unprocessed microscopy, gel, and western blot images related to the manuscript are organized by figure numbers. Please refer to the manuscript for details.
Shape Coexistence in Odd-Mass Nuclei near Z = 50

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

An earlier work dealing with shape coexistence for even-even nuclei is extended to treating odd-mass nuclei including proton excitations across closed shell. With the approach, energy spectra and some E2 transition branching ratios are calculated for odd-A nuclei 113~125Sb, 115~127I. The theoretical results give a good reproduction to the experimental data.
Specific Immunoglobulin G4 and Immunoglobulin E Titers to Common Food Antigens in Sera of Children With Allergic Rhinitis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Total IgE varies widely in children with allergic rhinitis but remains one of the references for diagnosis. The main inhalational allergens are dust mites, followed by grass pollen, molds, German cockroach, and animal dander. Food allergy generates highly concentrated IgG4 and may play a role in children with allergic rhinitis.
Thermography with point source heating

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This report discusses the feasibility of carrying out non-destructive testing (NDT) method infrared thermography by 2 different types of thermal heating sources use on composite materials such as Pyrex glass and carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CRFP) which are chosen as the samples. From the literature review, there are three types of heat transfer modes supplying heat to the inspected sample in active thermography. Radiation heat transfer mode is selected in this study and both halogen lamp and carbon dioxide laser are selected as the thermal heating sources. Step heating technique is chosen as one of the thermal stimulation methods to heat the samples and to monitor its surface temperature variation during the transient heating or cooling period. The laser thermography technique has proven to have a higher defect thermal contrast during the heating period. Simulations are used to help users understand the situations of uniform and non-uniform heating that influence the thermal contrast of the defect.
The myth of the “Culture code” in economic research

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper is devoted to the critical analysis of today's mainstream approach to the inclusion of the factor of culture in economic research. National culture is treated in this framework as a reified entity measured by societal values and is persistently included as a "culture code" throughout different contexts. The paper presents evidence contradicting this treatment, and an alternative methodology for economic analysis of cultural phenomena is suggested, namely that each mass cultural practice should be analyzed on a "case-by-case" basis, comparing stakeholders’ costs and benefits.
CHALLENGES FOR HUMANITARIAN FOOD ASSISTANCE: THE WORLD FOOD PROGRQAMME'S PROCUREMENT ADMINISTRATION

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT: Public procurement is an essential process for the success of international humanitarian food assistance. On this paper, WFP’s procurement administration is analyzed. WFP was established in early 1960’s. Procurement is very important for WFP financially and also for performance of its operations. WFP’s main procurement can be categorized into three – Food, Transportation and Non-food. These three procurement categories much differ from each other in terms of the manner of procurement implementation. WFP has three important external actors, that is: Governments, Companies and NGOs. Actually, how to establish cooperative relations with these actors is the key point. At the end, above analyses are summarized. Also, some insights to procurement study in general and WFP’s current biggest challenge are pointed out.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Nitrogen‐Containing Polycycles via Rhodium(II)‐Induced Cyclization‐Cycloaddition and Insertion Reactions of N‐( Diazoacetoacetyl)amides. Conformational Control of Reaction Selectivity.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.