jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A literature review of record linkage procedures focusing on infant health outcomes

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Record linkage is a powerful tool in assembling information from different data sources and has been used by a number of public health researchers. In this review, we provide an overview of the record linkage methodologies, focusing particularly on probabilistic record linkage. We then stress the purposes and research applications of linking records by focusing on studies of infant health outcomes based on large data sets, and provide a critical review of the studies in Brazil.
Construction of human lrg eukaryotic expression vector and primary assay

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

AIM:To expression human lrg in eukaryotic cells.METHODS:Eukaryotic expressive vector of human lrg was constructed, and then the plasmid was transfected into HepG2 cell line using lipid transfection reagent.Expression of lrg was detected by Western Blot and SABC-FITC.RESULTS:Construction of eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+)/ hlrg ,and expression of hlrg in HepG2 were confirmed by Western Blot and SABC-FITC.CONCLUSION: Expression of pcDNA3.1(+)/ hlrg in HepG2 may throw light on the further study of the function of human lrg .
Transnational Pan-American Feminism: The Friendship of Bertha Lutz and Mary Wilhelmine Williams, 1926–1944

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper explores Bertha Lutz and Mary Wilhelmine Williams’s trans-national, Pan-American friendship in the interwar years. Lutz was the leader of Brazil’s suffrage movement and Williams was a U.S. historian and member of the National Woman’s Party and Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom. They collaborated together to advance Pan-American feminism, a belief that the Western Hemisphere shared a common history and that, through unity, women of the Western Hemisphere could bring about greater equality for women and world peace, which they saw as two inextricably linked goals. The women’s influence over each other’s feminist activism was mutual; in turn, each utilized ideas forged through their friendship to shape the feminist movement in her respective country. The case revealed in this paper thus prompts a reconsideration of interwar international and Pan-American feminism, so often described as a hegemonic, one-way ideological project of North American and European women.
Local and global features in glass patterns are processed in different brain areas

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Purpose. A Glass pattern consists of randomly distributed dot pairs (dipoles) whose orientations are determined by a geometric transform. To perceive the structure in a Glass pattern, an observer needs to perform local grouping to find dipoles and global grouping across dipoles to get an overall shape. We investigated cortical mechanisms for local and global grouping by observing BOLD activation to Glass or texture patterns. Method. Each dipole contained two 5.4′ square dots separated by 27′. The Glass patterns contained randomly distributed dipoles covering 2% of image. The coherence of a Glass pattern was defined as the proportion of dipoles oriented tangent to a concentric global form. To eliminate grouping at the dipole level, we also used line element textures which had bars (5.4′x27′) in place of dipoles. The BOLD activation (N=6) was collected on a Bruker 3T magnet (EPI, TR=3s, TE=60ms, flip angle=90o). Each 252s block design run had two test conditions alternating with each other in a 36s period. Result. Compared with a zero coherent pattern, the 100% coherent Glass patterns activated the lateral occipital complex (LOC) and the inferior temporal (IT). The Glass and the texture pattern of the same global structure showed differential activation in V2 and V3 which was posterior to the areas responding to Glass patterns. A rotating wedge of coherent dipoles showed that the dorsal LOC had a retinotopic property for Glass patterns. A rotating concentric pattern produced only weak retinotopic activation at the ventral LOC. Conclusion. The contrast between line texture and Glass patterns suggests that local grouping occurred in V2 and V3. The rotating wedge suggests the dorsal LOC is for analyzing curvatures while the rotating circle hints that the ventral LOC is responsible for global forms. The weak activation for rotating circles may suggest that the global form processing is less retinotopic mapping than local features.
Economic Terms of the Term Sheet

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

When discussing the economics of a VC deal, one often hears the question “What is the valuation?” While the valuation of a company, determined by multiplying the number of shares outstanding by the price per share, is one component of the deal, it is a mistake to focus only on the valuation when considering the economics of a deal. This chapter discuses all of economic terms of the term sheet — the terms that make up the economics of the deal, including price, liquidation preference, pay-to-play, vesting, the employee pool, and antidilution.
Indo-América Looks North: Foreign Allies and the Inter-American Community, 1933–1945

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Chapter 6 studies the impacts that APRA's engagement with transnational solidarity networks had on the evolution of its ideology, particularly that of its project of hemispheric and anti-imperialist unity. The chapter argues that Indo-América as a political project was not consolidated in the heyday of transnational exile in the 1920s. Rather, Indo-América is best understood as a form of universal appeal at which the Hayista faction arrived more definitely in the 1930s to advance a political struggle inside Peru. By that time, Apristas had all but stripped from their continental program pledges of social and moral revival for Indigenous people it had once, if briefly, comprised. Recurrent state persecution against the Peruvian APRA, the chapter shows, combined with the movement's innovative political strategies in exile, contributed to imagining an Indo-American project that moved beyond the advocacy of social justice and the rejection of US imperialism originally at its core to focus on the defence of civil liberties and liberal democracy in Peru and the Americas.
The Cephalopoda-beds of Gloucester, Dorset, and Somerset

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Every student of the geology of the Cotteswolds has recognized a band at the base of the Inferior Oolite under the name of the “Cephalopoda-bed,” so named from the important list of Ammonites, Nautili , and Belemnites which it has been found to contain. To quote from Mr. Hull's ‘Memoir on the Geology of the Country around Cheltenham,’ “This bed had been long known to geologists as ‘the ammonite bed;’ but the ammonites were supposed characteristic of the Inferior Oolite, and its true importance was overlooked. Dr. Wright, however, found that the species were identical with specimens from the Upper Lias of Whitby, in Yorkshire. About the same time the work of M. D'Orbigny made its appearance, wherein nearly all the cephalopoda from the ammonite bed are figured and described as ‘ Toarcien ,’ or Upper Lias forms, while even in our own district several of the species……were known to be characteristic of the Upper Lias Shale” (p. 26). Mr. Hull refers to a paper by Dr. Wright in the ‘Proceedings of the Geological Society,’ vol. xii., in support of the view that the Cotteswold Cephalopoda-bed belongs to the Upper Lias and not to the Inferior Oolite, and, further, that the learned Doctor had traced it to the Dorsetshire coast; and, indeed, in this very paper we find the following remarks upon sections at Half-Way House and Bradford Abbas, which we quote, as showing that Dr. Wright had at this time identified the Dorset Cephalopoda-bed with the one in Gloucestershire. “Between Yeovil and
Endoscopic trans-nasal removal of impacted bullet in the sphenoid sinus: a case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Foreign body of the sphenoid sinus is a rare condition and most of the documented cases are shrapnel wounds. The most cases of sinuses foreign bodies are in maxillary and frontal sinus. Very few cases have been reported of lodgment of foreign body in paranasal sinuses. Garces and Norris reported that 70% of these foreign bodies usually appeared after maxillofacial traumas and 30% appeared during or after dental procedures of maxilla. A bullet impacted in the sphenoid sinus case in nineteen-year-old man was reported involving the anterior skull base. The bullet was safely removed with the trans-nasal endoscopic approach preserving the structures around the sphenoid sinus. Proximity of the sphenoid sinus to vital structures such as the optic nerve and internal carotid artery may render life-threatening complications. Adequate knowledge of the anatomical variations with regard to the sphenoid sinus and good preoperative planning are essential to ensure safe removal of foreign bodies, thereby avoiding catastrophic complications.</p>
Immunotherapy for Type 1 Diabetes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract A period of several years from the appearance of multiple antibodies to beta-cell antigens to clinical presentation of type 1 diabetes represents a window of opportunity for immunological intervention in order to halt the autoimmune process and preserve beta-cell function. The most rapid loss of beta-cell function happens in the first 12 months after diagnosis, which provides a further opportunity for interventions leading to effective beta-cell preservation. This is important as even a small amount of residual beta-cell function markedly improves metabolic control. Low-risk immunotherapeutic options are now available and widely used in other autoimmune diseases, but no such therapies are licensed for use in type 1 diabetes. With multiple immuno-intervention approaches showing potential efficacy in type 1 diabetes, we are now on the brink of fundamentally changing the management of this burdensome disease by using immunotherapy to preserve endogenous beta-cell function and make metabolic control substantially easier. It seems likely that non-antigen-specific therapies will be licensed first, but antigen-specific therapy may follow, offering the possibility of treating type 1 diabetes in the preclinical phase and delaying or preventing the need for insulin therapy.
Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo and Sonoma: A Biography and a History

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Research Article| December 01 1937 Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo and Sonoma: A Biography and a History George Tays George Tays Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar California Historical Society Quarterly (1937) 16 (4): 348–372. https://doi.org/10.2307/25160740 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation George Tays; Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo and Sonoma: A Biography and a History. California Historical Society Quarterly 1 December 1937; 16 (4): 348–372. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/25160740 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCalifornia History Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Evaluation of patellar tendon morphology in Turkish population: a cross-sectional study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: This study aims to investigate the length, width and thickness of the patellar tendon and the type and length of the patella with MRI and to reveal the normal values ​​of patellar tendon morphology specific to the Turkish population. Material and Method: The study was conducted with 348 individuals (137 males, 211 females) who applied to our hospital, had no anterior knee pathology, and had knee MRIs. The length, proximal and distal width and thickness of the patellar tendon, patella type, prepatellar and infrapatellar fat pad signal characteristics and Insall-Salvati ratio were evaluated on knee MRI images of these individuals. Results: Type I patella was detected in 23.9%, type II in 57.2%, type III in 16.1%, and type IV in 2.9% of individuals. The mean length of the patella was 41.26±4.36 mm, the patellar tendon length was 47.36±6.70 mm, the proximal width was 28.86±3.49 mm, the distal width was 23.53±2.69 mm, the proximal thickness was 3,62±1.47 mm, and distal thickness was 5.21±1.1 mm. It was determined that the Insall-Salvati ratio did not cause a statistical difference according to age, but the patella type showed significance with the Insall-Salvati classification. Conclusion: While evaluating MRI images, the effect of social differences on measurements should not be ignored; normal measurement values ​​of the tendon should be known to evaluate pathological measurements.
Increasing Water Use Efficiency in Vegetable Crop Production: From Plant to Irrigation Systems Efficiency

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Irrigation is a vital component of the world agriculture. It is practiced worldwide on _270 million hectares and it consents to produce 40% of our total food. Agricultural water consumption accounts for 70% of total freshwater use. The competition for this precious resource is increasing tremendously. Therefore, it is becoming critically important to optimize agricultural water use efficiency (WUE) defined as the ratio of crop yield over the applied water. This requires a shift from maximizing productivity per unit of land area to maximizing productivity per unit of water consumed. To maximize WUE it is necessary to conserve water and to promote maximal crop growth. The former requires minimizing losses through runoff, seepage, evaporation, and transpiration by weeds. The latter objective may be accomplished by planting high-yielding crops/cultivars well adapted to local soil and climatic conditions. Optimizing growing conditions by proper timing of planting and harvesting, tillage, fertilization, and pest control also contribute to improve crop growth. Most of these techniques refer to proven technology, whose implementation and/or fine-tuning in current farming systems may tremendously improve water management efficiency. In this paper, after discussing the importance of irrigation in agriculture, we will introduce basic concepts that define crop WUE and will finally review the means to improve irrigation efficiency in field vegetable crop production.
Exposure to chlorpyrifos and use of pesticides in Arizona

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This study of pesticide use and exposure in the Arizona NHEXAS sample explored demographic variation in pesticide use and the feasibility of predicting the subjects' urinary TCPY (a chlorpyrifos metabolite) using questionnaire data. A variety of demographic differences in pesticide use patterns such as frequency of personal application, use of professional exterminators, and frequency of use outside the home were found. In contrast, there were few demographic differences in TCPY, although mean TCPY was higher than in earlier epidemiological studies. Two mulitvariate (multiple regression) methods of predicting TCPY from questionnaire responses were tested. The first method combined pesticide use questions into a scale; the second method treated them separately. R2s were similar and below .25 using either method. Including only subjects reporting some pesticide use raised the R2 to .35. These results suggest that questionnaire responses cannot predict exposure accurately enough to be useful proxies for biological samples.
The Adventures of William Hood: Fictions of Shakespeare the Deer Stealer

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In fiction as in biography, Shakespeare's life is often politicised. Originally, the story of young Shakespeare caught poaching deer and forced to flee Stratford served to illustrate the role of fate in the creation of genius, while his irresponsible behaviour was downplayed. Later, the poaching was represented as rebellion against aristocratic privileges, and even as a deliberate political protest against enclosures of arable land. In more recent fiction, Shakespeare needs to be forced into a social awareness by the deer stealing episode, or even becomes a heartless landlord himself. Thus, Shakespeare's fictional lives reflect political developments in society, from class conflict to cultural levelling.
DEVELOPING TEACHING MATERIALS USING 5E MODEL OF INSTRUCTION TO INCREASE STUDENTS’ HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The aims of this study were to develop teaching materials using 5E model of instruction to increase students’ higher order thinking skills and to describe their feasibility. The teaching materials (i.e. lesson plan, student worksheet, and higher order thinking skills test) were developed using 4-D model that was proposed by Thiagarajan, Semmel and Semmel. The subject of this study were the developed teaching materials that were tried out to undergraduate students of Biology Department, University of Muhamadiyah Surabaya (UMS) and undergraduate students of Chemistry Department, State University of Surabaya (UNESA). The developmental testing was designed using the one-group pretest and posttest design with three times replication. Additionally, each replication used about 15 undergraduate students. Data were collected using experts’ appraisal, observation, test, and questionnaire and analyzed quantitatively and descriptive qualitatively. The findings of this study indicated that the developed teaching materials were feasible. They were valid according to experts’ appraisal, and they were practice and effective to be implemented in the classroom. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar menggunakan model pembelajaran 5E untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berfikir tingkat tinggi siswa serta mendeskripsikan kelayakan bahan ajar tersebut. Bahan ajar dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan dengan menggunakan model 4-D yang diusulkan oleh Thiagarajan, Semmel dan Semmel. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah bahan ajar yang telah dikembangkan dan diuji cobakan kepada mahasiswa tahun pertama angkatan 2014 di Jurusan Biologi, Universitas Muhamadiyah Surabaya (UMS) dan di Jurusan Kimia, Universitas Negeri Surabaya (UNESA). Desain penelitian yang digunakan ketika uji coba bahan ajar adalah one-group pretest and posttest dengan replikasi sebanyak tiga kali. Selain itu, untuk setiap replikasi menggunakan sekitar 15 mahasiswa. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan penilaian ahli, observasi, tes, dan kuesioner serta dianalisis secara kuantitatif dan deskriptif kualitatif. Penemuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria kelayakan, yaitu valid menurut pendapat para ahli, praktis dan efektif ketika diuji cobakan di dalam kelas.
Non-Intercepting Monitor of Beam Current and Position

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A compact monitor has been developed which measures beam current and beam position without intercepting or appreciably affecting the particle beam being measured. It is a broad band device which prevents the development of beam disturbing resonant modes. Although developed specifically for use on a short-pulse electron induction accelerator, it might be applied to other accelerator beams of pulsed or rf-bunched nature. The monitor consists of a resistive band inserted in the beam pipe wall with connections for reading the voltage across the band at each vertical and horizontal axis intercept. For pulsed or rf beams, return current equal in magnitude to the beam current flows on the beam pipe inside wall and through the resistive band. If the beam is centered, equal voltage appears on all four monitor connections. If the beam is off-center, the return currents are unsymmetrical and unequal voltages appear at the monitor connections. Beam current is proportional to the sum of all monitor voltages, while beam position is approximately proportional to the difference in voltage at opposing monitors. Tests and operating experience confirm its operation.
Utilizing iVariantGuide for Variant Assessment of Next‐Generation Sequencing

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Molecular genetic testing provides the capability for personalized prediction, diagnosis, and pharmacological treatments of disease and disorders. Variant assessment of next‐generation sequencing (NGS) is a crucial component of genetic testing for clinicians to counsel patients on risk and management. The iVariantGuide application is a dynamic Web‐based application made for the tertiary analysis of NGS. Along with variant assessment, iVariantGuide provides a unique interactive pathway impact analysis of genetic variants, as well as a unique Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. Here we provide a step‐by‐step guide on how to utilize iVariantGuide, employing a publicly available NGS dataset consisting of a cohort of germline DNAs from high‐risk serous ovarian cancer (OVCA) patients. The application will be used to exhibit the ease in filtering down to a set of compelling novel variants and their impact on biological pathways and GO terms. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
How healthy is the bedroom

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Summary: We spend 30-40 % of our life time in the bedroom, well secured from the outdoor environment, but is the indoor environment secure and healthy? The bedroom is probably the most important place in our home. While asleep, we do not act in control of the environment. It affects us, but in the morning we walk away from it. The paper focuses on the indoor climate of the bedroom. The bedroom is often poorly ventilated, full of house dust mite allergen, and with daily peak levels of other pollutants.
Role of the Corpus Luteum and Progesterone in the Evolution of Vertebrate Viviparity

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

For the past 25 years we have used a comparative strategy designed to identify anddescribe the endocrine parameters of the oviparous-vivparous transition and subsequent gradual reduction in hepatic yolk protein precursor (vitellogenin) synthesis associated with placental viviparity. Our approach has been to study vertebrate groups in which both oviparous and viviparous modes are common (reptiles, elasmobranchs). We have provided evidence for the control of follicular (granulosa/theca) and luteal steroidogenesis, and the cellular basis of gonadal steroid hormone action on the key target tissues (oviduct, liver). Our results, some of which are summarized below, have led us to suggest that ovarian progesterone (follicular or luteal in origin) has a dual role in the evolution of viviparity: 1. To inhibit myometrial contractions, thus providing a primary condition for egg retention and viviparity. 2. To inhibit estrogen-induced hepatic vitellogenin synthesis as part of both normal oviparous cycles and as a concomitant of placental evolution.