jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of The efficacy of clopidogrel in preventing recurrent cardiovascular events among Arab population carrying different CYP2C19 mutations: systematic review and meta-analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Additional file1. Figure S1: Risk of bias among included studies regarding adequate case definition, consecutive representativeness of cases, selection of community controls, adequate control definition, ascertainment of exposure/independent blind assessment of outcome, comparability of cases and controls, ascertainment of cases and controls/adequacy of the follow-up period, and complete follow-up period/same response rate.
Tuning parameters across mixed dimensional instances

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Sep-G-CMA-ES is a variant of G-CMA-ES with lower time complexity. In this paper, we evaluate the impact that various ways of tuning have on the performance of Sep-G-CMA-ES on scalable continuous benchmark functions. We have extracted seven parameters from Sep-G-CMA-ES and tuned them across training functions with different features using an automatic algorithm configuration tool called Iterated F-Race. The best performance of Sep-G-CMA-ES was obtained when it was tuned using functions of different dimensionality (a strategy that we call mixed dimensional). Our comparative study on scalable benchmark functions also shows that the default Sep-G-CMA-ES outperforms G-CMA-ES. Moreover, the tuned version of Sep-G-CMA-ES significantly improves over both G-CMA-ES and default Sep-G-CMA-ES.
A STUDY ON UTILIZATION OF ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS AND ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR BLOCKERS IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the prescribing pattern, most common indication, and adverse effects associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with cardiovascular diseases, and to identify the risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out for a period of 6 months from October 2016 to March 2017 in both inpatients and outpatients of the cardiology department. Patients received either ACEIs or ARBs were enrolled in the study. The relevant details of the patients were collected from the patient case note and treatment chart and data analyzed.Results: Of 100 patients, 23.0% were female and 77.0% were male. Among them, majority of patients were in the age group of 41–60 years. Diabetes mellitus (39%), smoking (20%), and alcohol (14%) were the common risk factors. The most common indications of ACEIs were found to be ischemic heart diseases (IHDs) (17%) followed by hypertension (HTN)/IHD (12%), and IHD/heart failure (12%). Main indications of ARBs were found in HTN/ IHD (16%). Utilization of ACEIs (70%) was found to be higher when compared with ARBs (30%). Ramipril (69%) and telmisartan (18%) were the most commonly used ACEIs and ARBs, respectively. While analyzing the adverse effects of ACEIs and ARBs, about 5.71% of patients were identified with ramipril induced dry cough.Conclusions: The complications of cardiovascular diseases can be reduced by knowing the incidence of risk factors and alternative therapy can be initiated by assessing the incidence of adverse drug reactions related to ACEIs and ARBs
Novel alterations of CC2D1A as a candidate gene in a Turkish sample of patients with autism spectrum disorder

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with large genetic background, but identification of pathogenic variants has proceeded slowly because hundreds of loci are involved in this complex disorder. CC2D1A gene firstly associated with the intellectual disability (ID) in a family with a large deletion. We aimed to contribute to the literature by sequencing this gene and by this way we report novel CC2D1A variations in patients with ASD. Forty families who have a child with a diagnosis of ASD were enrolled to the study. DNA samples were obtained from each family member. Bidirectional CC2D1A gene sequencing was performed with CEQ Cycle Sequencing Kit, and the products were analyzed on the Beckman CEQ 8000. All of the genetic analysis was conducted in Erciyes University Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK). According to the sequencing results, we defined new alterations in this gene with two SNPs in exon 15 and 19 (rs747172992 and rs1364074600) in our patients. We found a pathogenic variant in one patient. This variant was located in the acceptor region. Six of the variants were missense mutations. Additionally, six different benign variants were detected in 30 patients; however, they were not associated with ASD. Two patients carried multiple rare variants. In vitro and in vivo functional analysis with this gene will help to understand its contribution to ASD pathogenesis. Future studies may help to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms of these variants leading to the autism phenotype.
LHD imp02 #152207.1 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Line intensities of Lyman-alpha and some impurity ions to monitor impurity behaviors, which use 20cm normal incidence monochromators, grazing incidence monochromator, and interference filter + photomultipliers (or + APD), for CIV, OVI, HI, FeXVI, CIII and OV.
Overview of preparation for the American WAKE ExperimeNt (AWAKEN)

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The American WAKE ExperimeNt (AWAKEN) is a multi-institutional field campaign focused on gathering critical observations of wind farm–atmosphere interactions. These interactions are responsible for a large portion of the uncertainty in wind plant modeling tools that are used to represent wind plant performance both prior to construction and during operation and can negatively impact wind energy profitability. The AWAKEN field campaign will provide data for validation, ultimately improving modeling and lowering these uncertainties. The field campaign is designed to address seven testable hypotheses through the analysis of the observations collected by numerous instruments at 13 ground-based locations and on five wind turbines. The location of the field campaign in Northern Oklahoma was chosen to leverage existing observational facilities operated by the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program in close proximity to five operating wind plants. The vast majority of the observations from the experiment are publicly available to researchers and industry members worldwide, which the authors hope will advance the state of the science for wind plants and lead to lower cost and increased reliability of wind energy systems.
Orthogonal functions based estimation of fNIRS signal strength as GLM parameters, in the course of real-time brain activation detection

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

This paper presents a method to estimate the signal strength of the functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as parameters of orthogonalized form of general linear model (GLM). The idea is to convert the basis function (design matrix) or explanatory variables of a GLM into orthogonal functions using the usual Gram-Schmidt orthogo-nalization procedure. The coefficients associated with the orthogonal functions are then easily estimated by applying the orthogonality condition. The original GLM coefficients are computed from these estimates. With this formulation, the estimation can be done recursively, making the approach applicable for real-time estimation. The results verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique by providing the activity levels at the measuring channels simultaneously while performing the motor-task experiment. It is worth mentioning that the technique is also providing the tracking of the motor tasks along with the activity of the channels during the experiment. The proposed method can be utilized for fNIRS based real-time brain imaging technology to cope the delay, inserted by the currently available off-line methods, in obtaining the medical diagnostics. It can further be utilized in applications demanding the real-time biofeedbacks.
Colonoscopy as Part of Pre-Transplant Work-Up in Successful Kidney Transplant Candidates: Single-Center Experience and Review of Literature

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND Screening colonoscopy is not obligatory in kidney pre-transplant work-up guidelines. According to recommendations, only transplant recipients over age 50 years should be screened. The aim of this study was to characterize endoscopic findings revealed as part of pre-transplant work-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed pre-transplant work-up charts of 434 adult patients who received a cadaveric donor kidney transplantation (KT) from 2012 to 2015. Endoscopic findings analysis with age subgroup (<50 and ³50) analysis were performed. RESULTS Out of 434 of patients that underwent KT, 29% have had a colonoscopy. In 75.6% of those, pathologies were found. Hemorrhoids were found in 33% and polyps in 30.7% of patients. Adenoma detection rate (ADR) was 18.1% (67.5% distal predominance). Advanced ADR was 10.2% (distal predominance). Diverticulosis was found in 28.3% of patients and ulcerative colitis was found in 2.4%. In age subgroup analysis, ADR was higher in patients ³50 years compared to those <50 years (21.6% vs. 4%; p=0.041). CONCLUSIONS Colonoscopy as part of pre-transplant work-up enables removal of precancerous lesions and management of benign findings. All candidates meeting criteria for the general population should be screened. Patients under age 50 years could also benefit from colonoscopy as part of the pre-transplant work-up. Therefore, we suggest that baseline colonoscopy should be included in pre-transplant work-up guidelines for all patients, regardless of age. However, further studies are needed to confirm this recommendation.
Trend of energy and nitrogen utilization of high fibre diets in pigs from 100 to 160 kg bodyweight

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of the experiment was to investigate the ability of the heavy pig to utilize diets rich in fibre. Eight Landrace x
Large White fattening barrows were fed 3 high fibre (HF) diets (on average 17.8% NDF on DM) and a traditional (C) diet
(13.5% NDF) in a Latin Square design. Feeding was restricted. Each of the 4 periods included 21 days adaptation and 7
days digestibility/calorimetry. The HF diets included wheat bran (coarse or milled) or beet pulp. In periods 1, 2, 3 and 4
the eight pigs weighed, on average, 105, 124, 140 and 158 kg. Fibre digestibility (%) of HF diets increased from period
1 to period 4: 56.2, 56.6, 58.8, 62.2 for NDF and 46.0, 47.1, 49.0, 53.4 for ADF. A similar trend was registered for the
digestibility of DM, OM, CP, EE and energy. Comparing the digestibility of diet C with HF diets, independently of the periods,
diet C always had significantly higher digestibility (e.g. DM=87.5 vs 84.9%) except for fibre which gave similar coefficients.
Methane energy losses increased significantly from period 1 to period 4 for HF diets (0.40 vs 0.59% of the intake
energy, IE, P<0.05), while heat production and retained energy (% of IE), did not differ significantly between periods.
Retained energy of diet C (37.1% IE) and of HF diets (35.3%) considered as the average of the four periods, were similar,
confirming that the heavy pig can utilize fibre to a good extent. Considering the N balance of treatment HF, passing
from period 1 to period 4 concomitantly with a lower faecal excretion a significantly greater urinary excretion was recorded:
35.7 and 51.9% of intake N in periods 1 and 4, respectively (P<0.05). Total N excretion was similar in the four periods
(on average 0.98 g/BW0.75). However, expressing the data as % of the intake N, total N excretion increased from period
1 (54.6%) to period 4 (68.2%) (P<0.05). As a consequence, protein deposition (N*6.25) decreased from 155 to 126
g/d from period 1 to period 4 (P<0.05). On the contrary, fat deposition increased, as expected, in the four periods: 315,
359, 374 and 394 g/d.
Duration effects revisited: Labeling of tone analogs to voicing contrasts

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Our previous research described at the last Acoustical Society Meeting [Pastore et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Suppl. 1 77, S27 (1985)] investigated duration effects in the perception of tone analogs to the delayed F1 onset cue for voicelessness. Two groups of psychophysically experienced subjects exhibited statistically significant dependencies on stimulus duration, with longer stimuli resulting in shorter delayed onset boundaries. This pattern of results is opposite to those reported for voicing contrast boundaries as a function of target stimulus duration. The second group of subjects now has replicated this statistically significant reversed duration dependency for equivalent stimuli with added harmonic structure. Naive subjects with the identical task and stimuli exhibit a statistically significant dependency on duration consistent with published findings for synthetic speech, and thus opposite to that found for our experienced subjects. The results are discussed in terms of the role of perceptual learning in the perception of voicing cues. [Research supported, in part, by National Science Foundation grant 8302873.]
Immunoexpression of endoglin and CD‐34 in various human pituitary adenoma types

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Angiogenesis is a crucial event in tumor growth, invasion and development of metastasis. Endoglin (CD‐105), a disulfide‐linked homodimeric cell membrane glycoprotein of 180 kDa, located on chromosome 9q and binds to several components of the TGF beta family. In contrast to other endothelial cell markers, endoglin can be demonstrated only in proliferating endothelial cells. We investigated endoglin immunoexpression in various surgically removed human pituitary tumor types and compared the results with CD‐34 immunoexpression. For immunohistochemistry, the streptavidin‐biotin‐peroxidase complex method was used and the number of vessels were counted in 10 low power fields. Results show that endoglin immunostains fewer vessels than CD‐34 in every pituitary adenoma type. The number of endoglin immunopositive vessels is highest in untreated prolactinomas and subtype 3 silent pituitary adenomas and lowest in subtype 1 silent corticotroph adenomas and GH adenomas exposed to somatostatin analogs and prolactinomas exposed to dopamine agonists. Our findings are consistent with the view that endoglin is upregulated in proliferating endothelial cells and its expression can be used as an indicator of vascular neoformation in pituitary tumors. The low levels of endoglin expression in pituitary tumors exposed to somatostatin or dopamine agonists suggests that these therapeutic drugs can inhibit angiogenesis.
Trauma survivors and the media: A qualitative analysis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

While much has been written about how the media covers traumatic events, little is known about the impact of the media on trauma survivors. This, despite the fact that crime coverage has been a staple of daily news cycles for several decades. Likewise, little has been written about the training and methods of the journalists who cover these events, or the impact of this coverage on the journalists. Based on 71 qualitative surveys and interviews with homicide and traffic fatality survivors, and 22 qualitative surveys of journalists, this article serves to describe five main themes regarding survivor experiences: 1) Prior experience with the media; 2) First encounters with the media; 3) Negative impacts of the media; 4) Positive impacts of the media; and 5) Advice for various stakeholders. Additionally, this article will describe three main themes highlighted by the journalists: 1) Trauma-informed training and guidelines; 2) Comfort in contacting survivors; and 3) Personal impact of reporting on trauma. These findings illustrate a clear gap in services available to survivors, in particular in the immediate aftermath of traumatic events when media attention is often at its highest, as well as a lack of support for journalists covering these events.
Characterisation and modelling of multipath delay for wireless LAN

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This thesis presents the characterization and modelling of indoor wireless Local Area Network(WLAN) channel at 5GHz and 18GHz band using directive antennas. Wideband propagation measurements, large and small scales, were performed using a vector network analyzer at the foyer of Main Lecture Theatre (MLT), which is similar to an office area.
Dysfunctional diversity of p53 proteins in adult acute myeloid leukemia: projections on diagnostic workup and therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The heterogeneous nature of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its poor prognosis necessitate therapeutic improvement. Current advances in AML research yield important insights regarding AML genetic, epigenetic, evolutional, and clinical diversity, all in which dysfunctional p53 plays a key role. As p53 is central to hematopoietic stem cell functions, its aberrations affect AML evolution, biology, and therapy response and usually predict poor prognosis. While in human solid tumors TP53 is mutated in more than half of cases, TP53 mutations occur in less than one tenth of de novo AML cases. Nevertheless, wild-type (wt) p53 dysfunction due to nonmutational p53 abnormalities appears to be rather frequent in various AML entities, bearing, presumably, a greater impact than is currently appreciated. Hereby, we advocate assessment of adult AML with respect to coexisting p53 alterations. Accordingly, we focus not only on the effects of mutant p53 oncogenic gain of function but also on the mechanisms underlying nonmutational wtp53 inactivation, which might be of therapeutic relevance. Patient-specific TP53 genotyping with functional evaluation of p53 protein may contribute significantly to the precise assessment of p53 status in AML, thus leading to the tailoring of a rationalized and precision p53-based therapy. The resolution of the mechanisms underlying p53 dysfunction will better address the p53-targeted therapies that are currently considered for AML. Additionally, a suggested novel algorithm for p53-based diagnostic workup in AML is presented, aiming at facilitating the p53-based therapeutic choices.
The Relative Contribution of the Blue Crab (Callinectes sapidus) to Periwinkle Snail (Littoraria irrorata) Predation Mortality in the Lower Salt Marsh Intertidal of Northeast Florida

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In top-down regulation of ecological communities, predation of grazers is critical for maintaining the presence and growth of essential vegetation. The periwinkle snail (Littoraria irrorata) is a ubiquitous grazer in Atlantic salt marshes that can defoliate patches of Spartina alterniflora when populations are extremely dense. On the east coast of Florida, multiple predators could contribute to periwinkle population control maintaining this critical habitat. This study aimed to determine if the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) is the primary predator of periwinkle snails in the salt marsh lower intertidal. Tethering was utilized to assess if periwinkle mortality is related to distance, predation strategy, and shell size. Groups of periwinkles (n = 5), were tethered in place at 0 m, 1 m, 3 m, and 5 m into the marsh for 24 hours. The presence or absence of each snail was recorded, and predated snails were classified by predation strategy (crushing, cutting, or extracting) using the characteristic patterns of snail remains. Key findings were: (1) Likelihood of predation for tethered snails declined exponentially as distance into the marsh increased, suggesting that the interior serves as a spatial refuge for periwinkles. However, predation was equally likely at 1 m, 3 m, and 5 m. The data also support that large crabs are limited to the marsh edge, while small crabs can forage within. (2) The crushing predation strategy was most prevalent across all distances, indicating that blue crabs are the dominant predator. (3) For all snails mortality was highest at the marsh edge, but across the interior larger snails generally had lower mortality than smaller snails. This size refuge favors larger snails and corresponds with blue crab size selectivity. Together, the observed trends in mortality, predation strategy, and size selectivity support the assertion that blue crabs are the dominant predator in the lower intertidal.
Didymocyrtis pertusariae: A new species from Central Himalaya, India and a worldwide key to all recognized Didymocyrtis (Phaeosphaeriaceae; Pleosporales) species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

From the alpine region of India, a hitherto undocumented lichenicolous species of Didymocyrtis colonizing the thallus and soredia of Pertusaria species thriving on rocky substrates is meticulously described as a novel taxon (D. pertusariae), from the Indian subcontinent, and is compared with other lichenicolous Didymocyrtis species. A key to all known Didymocyrtis species known so far is also provided.
Book Reviews

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Jared Rubin of Chapman University reviews “Islam Instrumentalized: Religion and Politics in Historical Perspective,” by Jean-Philippe Platteau. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Examines the relationship between state and religion in the history of Islam, religious and political relationships, comparisons between Islam and other religions, and the history of Islam (and Christianity), using a theoretical framework from political economics with a multidisciplinary approach.”
Role of Velocity Field and Principal Axis of Tilted Dirac Cones in Effective Hamiltonian of Non-Coplanar Nodal Loop

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Nodal line in single-component molecular conductor [Pd(dddt)_2] has been examined to understand the tilted Dirac cone on the non-coplanar loop. In the previous work [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 87, 113701 (2018)], the velocity of the cone was calculated at respective Dirac points on the nodal loop based on our first-principles band structure calculations, which was a new method to derive an effective Hamiltonian with a 2 x 2 matrix. However, the Dirac cones on the nodal line are fully reproduced only at symmetric points. In the present paper, we show that our improved method well reproduces reasonable behaviors of all the Dirac cones and a very small energy dispersion of 6~meV among the Dirac points. The variation of velocities along the nodal line are shown by using principal axes of the gap function between the conduction and valence bands. Further, the density of states close to the chemical potential and orbital magnetic susceptibility are calculated using such an effective Hamiltonian.
Current sensing differential logic: a CMOS logic for high reliability and flexibility

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present a highly reliable and flexible CMOS differential logic called current sensing differential logic (CSDL). This CSDL eliminates the timing constraints between the enable signal and input signals, which cause difficulties in design with conventional differential logic families, by employing a simple clocking scheme. The power-delay product of CSDL is also reduced by using a swing suppression technique. To verify the reliability and the applicability of the proposed CSDL in large very large-scale-integration systems, a 64-bit carry-lookahead adder has been fabricated in a 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. Experimental results show that the critical path delay is 3.5 ns with a power consumption of 27 mW at 50 MHz.