jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Frequency and Severity of COVID-19 in Patients Receiving Biological Agents and Risk Factors: Experience of an Allergy Clinic

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The effect of biological agents used in severe allergic diseases on the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 and the course of the disease still remains unclear.The aim of the study was to evaluate retrospectively the frequency and severity of COVID-19 to determine risk factors and to present real-life data in patients using biological agents. Materials and Methods:Patients who have used omalizumab or mepolizumab for at least six months were questioned retrospectively in terms of a history of COVID-19.Patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or serological IgG positivity, symptoms, lung involvement, the need for supplemental oxygen, hospital and intensive care admission, and mortality were queried. Results:Of the 71 patients (omalizumab/mepolizumab: 51/20) included in the study, the average age was 37.2±12.9,and the female/ male ratio was 46/25.Of the 11 patients (omalizumab/mepolizumab: 6/5) with SARS-CoV-2 positivity, two were hospitalized for pneumonia and needed oxygen.However, intensive care was not required and they survived.There was no significant difference between mepolizumab users who had COVID-19 and those who did not in terms of baseline and post-treatment 6th-month eosinophil values (p= 0.7, p= 0.59, respectively).It was established that eosinopenia developing after treatment did not increase the risk of COVID-19 in patients using mepolizumab [RR (95% Cl) 0.99 (0.97-1.02), p=0.88]. Conclusion:According to our single center data, we found the risk of severe COVID-19 in patients using biological agents to be quite low.Especially, eosinopenia that developed after mepolizumab treatment did not constitute a risk factor for the severity of COVID-19.
The association between workplace bullying exposure and workplace bullying perpetration – The role of frustration of the need for relatedness

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Workplace bullying (WB) is a serious phenomenon that has serious detrimental effects on victim’s health, attitudes, and work-related behavior (Nielsen & Einarsen, 2012). WB is seen as an escalated conflict, where both parties engage in increasing overt acts of aggression (e.g., Einarsen et al., 2011). This perspective is supported by one of the most robust finding in WB and aggression literature, the association between experienced workplace aggression and enacting in workplace aggression (e.g., Baillien et al., 2016). However, there are only a few studies that have researched the mechanism between these phenomena (Samnani & Singh 2012). Self-determination theory (SDT) might explain this link. As need frustration is linked to less self-control (Vansteenkiste & Ryan, 2012), the frustration of the need for relatedness might also lead to increased aggressive behavior. Drawing on SDT, we propose that bullying exposure thwarts employee’s need for relatedness that increase aggressive behavior. Thus, the aim of our study was to test this mediation in a longitudinal design with short time intervals (i.e. monthly). A six-wave online survey design with monthly time lag was employed and data were collected among U.S. employees. The sample consists of 1,595 respondents (55.8% females, n=890, ageM = 36.9, ageSD =10.3). Workplace bullying exposure was assessed with the S-NAQ (Notelaers et al., 2018). Being a perpetrator of bullying was measured by the same nine items of the S-NAQ, however, formulated in an active manner (e.g., Baillien et al., 2011). Finally, frustration of the need for relatedness was assessed with the Psychological Needs Thwarting Scale (Bartholomew et al., 2011). Cross-lagged mediation analysis within a path modeling framework only partially confirmed the proposed model: WB exposure was significantly related to a change in frustration of relatedness. However, frustration of relatedness did (most of the time) not increase WB perpetration, but WB exposure. These longitudinal findings underline the vicious circle nature of WB exposure.
[Anastomosis of hypoglossal-facial nerves by modified May technique].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Facial palsy is a unpleasant disorder, which handicaps habitual vital movements and the expression of the face. There are many surgical techniques, which use the neighboring nerve fibers to reanimate the face, such as the end to end or side to end anastomosis with hypoglosal, glosopharyngeal, axesorius, or mandibular nerves. The donor fiber can be derived from homolateral or heterolateral side. The reconstruction can be completed by cosmetic surgery using parietal muscle or free muscular flaps. The authors wanted to present the modified May technique described by Darrouzet with the rerouting of the facial nerve in the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. This procedure aimed at elongation of the facial nerve stumps with simultaneous rerouting of the facial nerve. Three temporal bone blocks with adjacent tissues were taken from cadavers. The temporal bones were dissected under operating microscope ZEISS OPM 11. The standard set of instruments for the ear microsurgery was used. As the first step retroauricular incision and large antromastoidectomy were performed. The facial nerve was found and exposed in its mastoid portion, then rerouted out of the temporal bone. The length of the isolated nerve stump was measured. The photos were also taken as documentation. The length of the prolonged nerve stump was 13 mm in each case. After adding to this value the length of the trunk, i.e. the portion between stylomastoid foramen and pes anserinus, the fragments of rerouted nerve were elongated up to 21 mm. This distance allowed for performing the facial-hypoglosal anastomosis using only one neuroraphy without increased tension.
Banking with Agents: Experimental Evidence from Senegal

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper uses a randomized controlled trial to compare different banking delivery channels. Individuals living close to banking agents and branches of the same financial institution were encouraged to open a savings account and transact at either an agent or a branch. Compared with individuals sent to a branch, individuals sent to an agent increased their number of transactions at the agent and incurred lower transaction costs there. One year later, 42% of active users still used both channels but made transactions at the agent only half as large as those made at the branch.
Searching for the ‘winner’ hip fracture patient: the effect of modifiable and non-modifiable factors on clinical outcomes following hip fracture surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Various factors, other than the quality of surgery, may influence clinical outcomes of hip fracture patients. We aimed to evaluate the relative impact of several factors on functional outcome, quality of life, re-fracture and mortality rates following surgery for hip fractures. Methods: We studied 498 (62.2%) women and 302 (37.8%) men with a mean age of 81.3 years (range, 60–95) with hip fractures (femoral neck and pertrochanteric). The mean follow-up was 74 months (range 58–96). Various patient-related and surgery-related parameters were recorded and correlated to both objective and subjective mobility, functional recovery and quality of life scales. Mortality and re-fracture rates were also evaluated. Results: Using multiple regression analysis, age >80 years ( p = 0.000; 95% CI, 1.077–1.143) and ASA score III and IV ( p = 0.000; 95% CI, 2.088–3.396) (both non-modifiable factors) both proved to be independent (s.s.) factors affecting mortality rates. Age <80 years ( p = 0.000; 95% CI, 0.932–0.974), surgery delay less (modifiable factor) than 48 hours ( p = 0.046; 95% CI, 0.869–0.999), low dementia CDR index ( p = 0.005; 95% CI, 0.471–0.891) (non-modifiable factor), and osteoporosis medical treatment (modifiable factor) ( p = 0.006; 95% CI, 0.494–0.891) were shown to be independent (s.s.) factors affecting HOOS-symptoms. Osteoporosis medical treatment used proved to be an independent (s.s.) factor affecting HOOS-daily activities ( p = 0.049; 95% CI, 0.563–1.000) and quality of life (E-Qol-5D) ( p = 0.036; 95% CI, 0.737–1.325). Conclusions: A hip fracture patient aged <80 years old, with an ASA I-II, with low dementia CDR index and on osteoporosis medication has a better chance of an improved outcome (winner patient).
On Non-verbal Kóngs in Taiwanese

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper provides a fine-grained analysis of Taiwanese non-verbal kongs and points out that there are at least three different kongs in Taiwanese. A complementizer immediately follows a verb representing communication or a cognitive state and is semantically vacuous; the intra-sentential kong is a topic marker in a CP, which can raise to the sentence-initial position to express additional illocutionary force; and the sentence-final kong is an evidential marker (Chang, 1998; Hsieh & Sybesma, 2007). The sentence-final kong is generated in the left periphery of an IP, but not in the conventional CP domain.Topic markers are also found in Japanese and Korean, but, unlike Taiwanese kongs, they occur lower than the complementizer. The homonymous topic marker and evidential marker found in Taiwanese is not a unique case. In Japanese, there is also a sentence-final evidential marker, which is homonymous with the intra-sentential topic marker. This coincidence may indicate similar grammaticalization processes in these two languages, respectively.
Mining the Preference Relations and Preference Graphs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

When knowledge mining starts from contingency tables, many types of knowledge become apparent that would otherwise went unnoticed. In this paper we start from contingency tables for pairs of attributes whose domains are ordered. The domain of each attribute can be interpreted as a preference list. We present a common 2-d pattern that can be collectively called preference relation. Preference relation tells that one of the choices is accepted to a higher degree over another. On one end of the spectrum, a weak preference borders equivalence relation between choices. On the other, a very strong preference is similar to subset relation. We present several tests that can distinguish various forms of preference relation knowledge and also subset and equivalence. Our experience in data mining with the application of the 49er system shows that the exploration of many databases frequently leads to large numbers of preference-type regularities. Large numbers of preference-type regularities can be combined into concise, useful forms of preference graphs. We compare preference graphs to taxonomies and inclusion graphs. We illustrate the presented algorithms by applications on the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) databases.
Rape in Libya: America's recent major wars have all been accompanied by memorable falsehoods

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

It is a troubled Time for NATO's campaign against Libya. President Obama has seen a near-revolt in Congress against the costly war, while Defense Secretary Gates in Brussels has warned his European allies that their tepid response “is putting the Libya mission and the alliance's very future at risk.” Back home, according to the London Daily Mail , “Mr Gates has requested extra funds for Libya operations, but has been rebuffed by the White House.”
Topological Equivalence of VSI and CSI Commutation Cells and Its Application to Switching Resonance Analysis and Damper Design

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes the concept of the topological equivalence between the commutation cells of a voltage source inverter (VSI) and a current source inverter (CSI) using duality and equivalent circuit transformation techniques. A switching resonance of CSI is analyzed and an effective three-phase RC damper is derived from the dc-link RC damper of VSIs based on the topological equivalence of the VSI and CSI commutation cells. Furthermore, a new three-phase RC damper design framework utilizing the topological equivalence is proposed. Here, experimental results verify that the proposed three-phase RC damper design for CSI significantly reduces the switching resonance and improves the CSI’s output waveform total harmonics distortions (THDs).
Observations on electrocardiogram and plasma catecholamines during dental procedures: the forgotten vagus.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Emotional stress is conventionally considered to be associated with tachycardia and enhanced sympathetic activity. The electrocardiogram and plasma catecholamine and lipid concentrations were observed in 21 young healthy women undergoing dental procedures. Ten of these received premedication with the beta-blocking agent oxprenolol and 11 with a placebo, administered on a double-blind randomised basis. Mild tachycardia occurred in the placebo group a few minutes before and a few minutes after dentistry, but there was a reduction in heart rate immediately before and during the procedure. The pattern was similar in the group who received oxprenolol, though the heart rates at each stage were lower. Plasma adrenaline concentrations were much higher in the samples taken during the procedure than in those taken shortly before and after it. Plasma noradrenaline and lipid concentrations remained unchanged. A decrease in heart rate in the face of intense emotional arousal and an increased plasma adrenaline concentration suggest that the expectation or experience of pain may be associated with parasympathetic dominance despite greatly enhanced sympathetic activity.
Abstract 2996: Sunitinib withdrawal uncovers complementary stromal- and tumor-mediated mechanisms of resistance and rebound growth in metastatic mouse models

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background: Despite the clinical approval of VEGF pathway targeted agents in the treatment of late-stage metastatic disease, sustained benefits are not seen in the majority of patients, and eventual relapse occurs. Understanding mechanisms of intrinsic and acquired drug resistance has taken on increasing importance as both host- and tumor-mediated pathways may contribute to treatment failure. However, few studies have aimed to assess resistance in clinically-relevant spontaneous metastatic disease after surgical resection of the primary tumor. Methods: Here we describe the derivation of spontaneous metastatic human kidney, breast, and melanoma cell lines following long-term in vivo sunitinib treatment. Re-exposure of selected tumor and stromal cells to drug in vitro for extended periods allowed evaluation of reversible and irreversible gene expression changes. Cells were implanted orthotopically and then surgically removed to assess primary and metastatic growth potential following treatment cessation. Results: Our results show that metastatic sunitinib-resistant cells retained treatment sensitivity when re-implanted orthotopically regardless of in vitro drug exposure conditions, suggesting a predominant host-mediated role in treatment failure. However, sunitinib treatment withdrawal elicited significant increases in tumor growth and metastatic potential, a finding which was enhanced when non-tumor bearing mice were ‘conditioned’ with drug prior to i.v. tumor cell inoculation. Parallel studies in vitro show increased proliferation and migration following therapy removal. Results from gene and protein expression analysis of cells in different sunitinib treatment conditions will be presented showing that coordinated tumor and host reactions can contribute to changes in metastatic phenotype upon therapy removal. Conclusions: Taken together, clinically relevant models of drug-resistant spontaneous metastatic disease may have the potential to distinguish tumor- and stromal-responses to treatment that can alter in vivo disease progression both on (and off) therapy. Citation Format: Michalis Mastri, Amanda Tracz, Christina R. Lee, Derya Deveci, John M. L. Ebos. Sunitinib withdrawal uncovers complementary stromal- and tumor-mediated mechanisms of resistance and rebound growth in metastatic mouse models. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2996. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2996
Relationship of Pond Drying to the Reproductive Success of the Salamander Ambystoma talpoideum

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The relationship of pond drying, female population size, and total egg production to the reproductive success (number of metamorphosing juveniles) of the salamRnder Ambystoma talpoideum was studied in natural and experimental populations. Breeding population size was correlated with rainfall during the migratory season but not with the production of juveniles in the previous year. Reproductive success and survival to metamorphosis were correlated with the number of days in a year that a pond had standing water but not with the number of breeding females or total number of eggs oviposited. The time of metamorphosis was correlated with the date that the pond dried. However, metamorphosing later in the season did not result in larger body size at metamorphosis, only more mptamorphs. Catastrophic mortality occurred when breeding ponds dried early, resulting from the failure of larvae to reach a threshold size or developmental stage to initiate metamorphosis. Manipulation of an experimental pond suggested that growth rate of larvae decreased as the pond dried. Desiccation was identified as a factor influencing the fluctuations in reproductive success of a species breeding in temporary ponds. .
72.3: Free Color Wash‐Out Solution with Advanced Gamma‐Control Technology

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We report an advanced gamma control technology for color wash‐out free liquid crystal display (LCD) with individual subpixel control technique. The measured Δu'v' of the skin color is less than 0.02 at whole viewing angle. Compared to the conventional gamma setting, this advanced technology provides not only lower color wash‐out but the smoother oblique gamma curve with the suitable area ratio design. This implies that the delicate display quality can be achieved without artificial contour in oblique view.
Analysis of pointing success factors in petanque athlete

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The research was conducted because of the various factors that influence the success of the pointing throw, so the evidence is needed for the factors that contribute to its success. This research aims to analyze the factors that give success in pointing throws. The method applied in this study uses descriptive correlational analysis to obtain a factor of determination on the results of the pointing throw. The subjects were 15 male athletes aged 15-17 years registered at FOPI Pati Regency with a total sampling technique. The results of data analysis show that the analysis of the physical component factors at pointing explains the formation of 3 components in the independent variable. This is shown in each component formed to have their respective contributions. Component 1 with member variables Eye-hand Coordination, Concentration, and Kinesthetic Perception has an effect of 42.937%, component 2 with member variables Arm muscle strength, wrist flexibility, and balancing have an effect of 19.403%, and component 3 with member variable Sleeve length has an influence of 13.508%. This study concludes that athletes with Eye-hand Coordination, Concentration, and Kinesthetic Perception will have a high pointing success rate on petanque.
Synthesis, Spectral and Computational Studies of some 2-(2-(3-Methyl-2,4-Diphenyl-3-Azabicyclo[3.3.1]Nonan-9-Ylidene)Hydrazinyl)Benzo[d]Thiazole Derivatives

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A series of some 2-(2-(3-methyl-2,4-diphenyl-3-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonan-9-ylidene) hydrazinyl) benzo [d] thiazole derivatives 11-14 have been synthesized using acetic acid as the catalyst. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1 H 13 C NMR and HSQC spectral analysis. The molecular modelling was carried out for compound 11 by Gaussian 03W package and its HOMO–LUMO, Mulliken atomic charges, Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), Hyperpolarizability, Thermodynamic propeties and Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis were discussed
Design and validation of a questionnaire to assess the Pedagogical Content Knowledge of Colombian Physical Education students in the practicum

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Background and Study Aim. In the training of Physical Education teachers, the practicum is considered a final stage of the training. The practicum implies an amalgamation and connection of the different knowledge acquired at the University and that, when contrasted with the real classroom practice, plays a fundamental role in the future professional development. The purpose of this study was to design and validate a questionnaire to measure the Pedagogical Content Knowledge of the Physical Education teacher trainee in the context of the practicum. Material and Methods. The participants were 146 practicum students of the Bachelor's degree program in Physical Education from four Colombian universities (115 men, 31 women, with an average age of 25.7 + 5.2 years). A non-experimental descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in two phases, the first one: content validity and the second phase related to the analysis of psychometric properties. Results. A Content Validity Ratio of .92 was presented, which indicates a very high content validity based on Lawshe's model and with a sample of 10 expert judges in the field. In the exploratory factor analysis by the principal component analysis method and varimax rotation, 7 dimensions were proposed, with 36 items explaining 66.78 of the total variance of the instrument. The internal consistency was very satisfactory (α=.9). Conclusions. The questionnaire provides a valid, trustable, and specific instrument, which allows identifying the knowledge that a Physical Education practice student has about pedagogy, context, evaluation, teaching strategies, students, experience, and content. Furthermore, understanding this type of knowledge is a precondition that can allow improving the curricular designs of Physical Education degree programs.
Bounds for expected supremum of fractional Brownian motion with drift

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We provide upper and lower bounds for the mean $\mathscr{M}(H)$ of $\sup_{t\geq 0} \{B_H(t) - t\}$ , with $B_H(\!\cdot\!)$ a zero-mean, variance-normalized version of fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter $H\in(0,1)$ . We find bounds in (semi-) closed form, distinguishing between $H\in(0,\frac{1}{2}]$ and $H\in[\frac{1}{2},1)$ , where in the former regime a numerical procedure is presented that drastically reduces the upper bound. For $H\in(0,\frac{1}{2}]$ , the ratio between the upper and lower bound is bounded, whereas for $H\in[\frac{1}{2},1)$ the derived upper and lower bound have a strongly similar shape. We also derive a new upper bound for the mean of $\sup_{t\in[0,1]} B_H(t)$ , $H\in(0,\frac{1}{2}]$ , which is tight around $H=\frac{1}{2}$ .
Aflatoxins from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. Y-2 isolated from the critically endangered conifer Abies beshanzuensis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Two new [asperxins A (1) and B (2)] and four known (3-6) aflatoxins were isolated and identified from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. Y-2, which was derived from the needles of the critically endangered conifer Abies beshanzuensis. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods. Among the isolates, compounds 1 and 5 showed considerable cytotoxicities against the A549 and Hela human cancer cell lines, with IC50 values in the range of 7.5-16.8 μM.