jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Parental Survival and Retirement Timing in the Swedish Population

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract: Workforces are aging in most developed countries. At the same time, the parents of workers nearing retirement age are more likely to still be alive and in need of care. This study investigated the association between the survival of parents and retirement timing in Sweden. Data was derived from Swedish population registers for men and women born in 1940-1945. Discrete-time survival analysis using complementary log-log functions was employed. The study finds evidence that parental survival was positively linked to retirement timing and that the association was stronger and more consistent for women than for men, particularly for women with only a mother or father alive. Additionally, women had a higher risk of retirement in the immediate period after parental death, especially when the father was widowed. In contrast, men had a higher risk of retiring when either the mother or father had been widowed for some years. Moreover, siblings seem to moderate the effect of retirement, and the pattern was most noticeable among women. Overall, the risk of retirement was greater among individuals without siblings, with both parents alive, or with only a mother or father alive. The findings indicate that individuals with parents who were vulnerable due to widowhood were able to work longer when they were from larger families, a finding consistent with a caregiving explanation. That the relationship was more evident among women provides support for the conclusion that care provision for parents motivates labor force disengagement in the form of retirement.
Supplementary Material for: New Anti-Nephrin Antibody Mediated Podocyte Injury Model Using a C57BL/6 Mouse Strain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is considered a subset of the podocytopathies. The molecular pathogenesis of podocytopathy is still unknown. There has not been an experimental animal model of isolated podocytopathy induced by antibody in C57BL/6 strain, which is widely used as the genetic background. Nephrin is closely associated with the slit diaphragm of the glomerular podocyte, and has recently received attention as a potential therapeutic target. The function of nephrin, especially its role in FSGS development via podocytopathy, is being elucidated. We report our experience with a C57BL/6 FSGS model induced by polyclonal rabbit anti-mouse nephrin antibody (α-mNep Ab). Methods: α-mNep Ab, which was generated by genetic immunization, was administered into C57BL/6 mice at once, intravenously. Urinary protein excretion, the development of glomerulosclerosis and the number of podocyte in mouse kidney were evaluated. Results: The α-mNep Ab-induced FSGS was associated with massive proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome. In periodic acid-Schiff staining, FSGS was observed from day 7 after antibody injection. Podocyte numbers and podocyte marker (anti-Wilms tumor 1 and anti-synaptopodin)-positive areas were clearly decreased. These results suggest that this FSGS mouse model reliably reproduces the human nephrotic syndrome and FSGS. Conclusion: We succeeded in making the nephrotic syndrome model mice induced by α-mNep Ab using C57BL/6. This model may be useful for studying the mechanisms of podocytopathy.
Bhaktapur Urban Flood related Disaster Risk and Strategy after 2018

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The urbanization led urban flooding phenomenon of the Hanumante River over the last few decades is the subject of this article. The river flows in the middle of the Bhaktapur District and connects with all municipalities. Its catchment area is 97km². The data offers deeper insights into sources, causes and impacts of the flood. All stakeholders are aware of their roles and responsibilities during the disaster. However, affected people have limited understanding and knowledge about the flood and remain in fear of another flood every year. The major cause of floods in the district is incessant rain and urbanization leads to the inundation of various low lying areas. However, increased urbanization, lack of proper planning and encroachment of river are supplementary causes of floods. Floods can be predicted and mitigated with appropriate information, tools and techniques by responsible agencies. Often disasters are a failure of responsible agencies to act timely and to understand the environmental changes and the urban push. Inundation is becoming a common phenomenon for urban people in most cities.
MEASUREMENTS OF NEUROMUSCULAR TONE AND STRENGTH IN DOWN'S SYNDROME CHILDREN

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Twenty-eight Down's syndrome children and 22 normal children were evaluated for patellar tendon reflex, muscle tone and grip strength. All of this subjects were between the ages of 4 and 17 years. It was the purpose of this study to determine the differences between Down's syndrome and normal children. The standard patellar reflex test was used for one measure of muscle tone, and a locally devised muscle palpation test for the second measure of muscle tone. Finally, grip strength was employed as our measure of muscle strength. Results indicated that Down's syndrome children had a less brisk and more irregular patellar reflex response than normal controls. Furthermore, overall muscular tone was less in these Down's syndrome subjects and finally, muscular grip strength was inferior in Down's syndrome children when compared to normal children. Implications for increased physical education and physical activity are noted for this special population.
Ultrasound-guided Thrombin Injection of an AVF Pseudoaneurysm

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate the effectiveness of duplex-guided thrombin injection for hemodialysis access m:ainteniance. A 72-year-old female complained of nine-month onset of pain and tenderness at the site of her left upper extremity arteriovenous fistula Prosthetic arteriovnous fistula graft body pseudoaneurysms were fund on fistulography and confirmed with color flow duplex ultrasound. Duplexguided thrombin injection was perfrmed resufiing in successful thrombosis of et graft pseudoaneurysms. The procedure was performed in an outpatient setting the patient tolerated the procdue well, and graft patency was preserved.
Porous Structural Properties of K or Na-Co Hexacyanoferrates as Efficient Materials for CO2 Capture

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The stoichiometry of the components of hexacyanoferrate materials affecting their final porosity properties and applications in CO2 capture is an issue that is rarely studied. In this work, the effect that stoichiometry of all element components and oxidation states of transition metals has on the structures of mesoporous K or Na-cobalt hexacyanoferrates (CoHCFs) and CO2 removal is reported. A series of CoHCFs model systems are synthesized using the co-precipitation method with varying amounts of Co ions. CoHCFs are characterized by N2 adsorption, TGA, FTIR-ATR, XRD, and XPS. N2 adsorption results reveal a more developed external surface area (72.69–172.18 m2/g) generated in samples containing mixtures of K+/Fe2+/Fe3+ ions (system III) compared to samples with Na+/Fe2+ ions (systems I, II). TGA results show that the porous structure of CoHCFs is affected by Fe and Co ions oxidation states, the number of water molecules, and alkali ions. The formation of two crystalline cells (FCC and triclinic) is confirmed by XRD results. Fe and Co oxidation states are authenticated by XPS and allow for the confirmation of charges involved in the stabilization of CoCHFs. CO2 removal capacities (3.04 mmol/g) are comparable with other materials reported. CO2 adsorption kinetics is fast (3–6 s), making CoHCFs attractive for continuous operations. Qst (24.3 kJ/mol) reveals a physical adsorption process. Regeneration effectiveness for adsorption/desorption cycles indicates ~1.6% loss and selectivity (~47) for gas mixtures (CO2:N2 = 15:85). The results of this study demonstrate that the CoHCFs have practical implications in the potential use of CO2 capture and flue gas separations.
Forecasting of Gram Production in Bundelkhand Region: A Time Series Analysis Using ARIMA Model

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Gram, also known as Chickpea, is an important pulse crop in India, with a long history of cultivation dating back to ancient times. It is a rich source of protein, fiber, nutrients and plays a crucial role in providing food security also income for farmers. This study will help to farmers and the policymakers in developing strategies to improve the livelihoods of farmers, ensure food security and to decide the MSP of gram also help to the farmers to receive good prices for their commodities in the agricultural markets. For forecasting, specifically, the ARIMA time series model was utilized. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) made forecasting of gram production in Bundelkhand region by using 21 yearly observations. The model ARIMA (1, 0, 0) had the lowest normalized value, so this model was chosen. A 10 year ahead production of gram has been predicted. The forecasted value of production will be ranged from 0.06310282 to 0.05428918 MT and the lower and upper confidence interval at 95 percent will be in between 0.01050582 to 0.10055329 MT, respectively from 2022 to 2031. The result showed that the negative growth in production of gram in the Bundelkhand region because of shift in area from this crop to other competitive crops. Thus, there is a need to give more emphasis on concerted research efforts, technological aspects as well as policy aspects (extension services and more remunerative prices) and also suggest appropriate remedial measures for correcting this undesired trend so that increase in area, production, and productivity of gram.
Regulatory Developments in the Gig Economy: A Literature Review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The emergence of the gig economy and its rapid growth was anticipated to play a big part in its economy. Despite the enormous benefits, the gig economy business model had also attracted numerous issues in many countries and regions. The research utilized a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology by Snyder for analyzing regulation issues in the gig economy, which was divided into six steps, those were defining the central question, determining databases, using search string to find relevant keywords, extracting data, filtering data, and analyzing the findings to answer to the main question. The SLR results show licensing and misclassifications are the most dominant factors in gig economy, while regulatory issues such as safety, tax, externalities, wage, benefit, privacy, and discrimination area are other factors in it. The most popular platform types that attract regulators are work on demand, asset rental, and crowd-work.
Salivary nickel and chromium release between two bracket types

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

This book summarizes the behavior of conventional and self-ligating brackets in vivo. These brackets are common modes of treatment in fixed orthodontic treatment. The newest self-ligating bracket introduced into the market has been investigated. The primary objective of this research was to evaluate the salivary levels of nickel and chromium which are released when these brackets are bonded. As discussed in this book there are potential allergic, mutagenic & carcinogenic effects of nickel and chromium. Our goal was to provide undergraduate and postgraduate students with a comprehensive overview of the subject without omitting or diluting the salient concepts of the information given. Even though this book is intended for students, the principles and updating will be of help for the instructors, auxiliaries and the practitioners. We sincerely do hope that we have succeeded in catering vast information which would be useful to the clinicians.
Volatile Constituents ofTeucrium stocksianumBoiss. Fruits from South of Iran

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The essential oil contents in the fruits of the native species Teucrium stocksianum growing wild in south of Iran were found to be 0.6 % (v/w) based on the fresh weight. The oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Thirty six constituents, representing 90.0 % of the oil were identified. The major components of the T. stocksianum fruits oil were characterized as α-cadinol (37.6 %), α-pinene (9.7 %) and caryophyllene oxide (4.9 %).
Occupancy and urn models

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this chapter, the general results on Poisson approximation are applied to problems connected with urn models; in particular occupancy problems are studied. Urn models have a long history going back to the early development of probability theory. General references on the subject are Johnson and Kotz (1977), Kolchin, Sevast’yanov and Chistyakov (1978) and the classic Feller (1968). In Section 6.1, the Poisson approximation of the hypergeometric distribution is considered. The number of boxes with given contents in the urn model with a multinomial allocation rule is studied in detail in Section 6.2. In Section 6.3, urn models, negative association and general occupancy problems are discussed. Finally, a matrix occupancy problem is investigated in Section 6.4.
A Help Desk Application for Sharing Resources Across High Speed Networks Using a Multi-Agent Network Architecture

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The advent of complex heterogeneous network applications requires the use of distributed and intelligent mechanisms for sharing resources. In this paper, a help desk service that demonstrates the use of multiagent systems for sharing multimedia resources across a high speed network is described. The help desk is modelled as a practical service within an organization using a service provisioning Tool for Enterprise Definition and then compiled into a set of agents as defined by the Multi-Agent Network Architecture. The help desk is a real-world computer-telephony integration (CTI) application implemented using a multi-agent system. It demonstrates the practical use of multi-agent systems for sharing distributed resources such as speech recognizers, databases and World Wide Web Mosaic servers and clients. It is also the first successful CTI prototype of the service provisioning tool and the agent architecture. Introduction 1 The advent of complex networks that integrate telecommunicat...
Partial oxidation of methane to formaldehyde on MoO 3 , Fe 2 O 3 and ferromolybdenum catalysts

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

RESUMEN Uno de los grandes retos para la catalisis ha sido la conversion directa de metano en productos quimicos utiles a la industria tales como metanol y formaldehido. Actualmente el formaldehido es producido en un proceso que involucra tres pasos con gas de sintesis y metanol como productos intermedios. En este trabajo se emplearon catalizadores de MoO 3 , Fe 2 O 3 y Fe 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 en cuatro proporciones Mo/Fe diferentes (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2). El catalizador de ferromolibdeno fue preparado por coprecipitacion. Los oxidos puros presentan mayor actividad; sin embargo, no son selectivos a formaldehido, siendo los oxidos de carbono (CO, CO 2 ) los principales productos. Los catalizadores de ferromolibdeno mejoran la selectividad a HCHO en detrimento del grado de conversion; el contenido de molibdeno no muestra incrementos en la actividad catalitica. El aumento en la temperatura de reaccion no genera un aumento en la selectividad a formaldehido. Palabras clave: Palabras clave: formaldehido, metano, ferromolibdeno, oxido ferrico, oxido de molibdeno, oxidacion parcial.
The Mechanism of the Oxidation of Some Aromatic Amines by Peroxyacetic Acid

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Mechanism of the Oxidation of Some Aromatic Amines by Peroxyacetic AcidKhairat M. Ibne-Rasa and John O. EdwardsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 5, 763–768Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00864a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00864a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views688Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Surgeon‐Performed Ultrasound for Chronic Obstructive Sialadenitis Helps Predict Sialendoscopic Findings and Outcomes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To determine the accuracy of surgeon‐performed ultrasound (SP‐US) features for predicting intraoperative sialendoscopic findings and to correlate ultrasound features with short‐term symptomatic outcomes following sialendoscopy‐assisted salivary duct surgery (SASDS). Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting The practices of 2 academic sialendoscopy surgeons. Subjects and Methods Between February 2014 and September 2015, 82 patients with 105 symptomatic glands underwent SASDS, of whom 56 patients (75 glands) met inclusion criteria. SP‐US and sialendoscopic findings were reviewed for patients with chronic obstructive sialadenitis who underwent SASDS and who had been prospectively evaluated with the University of California–San Francisco Chronic Obstructive Sialadenitis Symptoms (COSS) questionnaire (scored 0‐100) administered preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Results The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of SP‐US for identifying sialoliths intraoperatively were 94% (33/35) and 91% (39/43), respectively. Of glands with sialoliths on SP‐US, 97% (34/35) had complete symptom resolution (COSS ≤10) after SASDS. The PPV and NPV of salivary duct dilation on SP‐US for finding a corresponding stenosis on sialendoscopy were 93% (14/15) and 50% (14/28), respectively. Nonsialolith SP‐US features with the highest PPV for complete or partial symptom resolution (COSS ≤25) following SASDS included distal duct dilation of all glands (86%; 6/7) and dilation of both distal and proximal parotid ducts (75%; 6/8). Conclusion SP‐US has high accuracy for ruling in and ruling out sialoliths, as well as for ruling in but not for necessarily ruling out stenosis presence and location. Ultrasound is helpful in estimating degree of short‐term symptom response following SASDS.
On Chinese Team Competition In The 15th World Women's Volleyball Grand Prix Finals

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

通过对2007年第15届世界女排大奖赛总决赛中国队5场比赛的技术数据的统计,运用对比分析方法分析中国女子排球队在决赛中的表现,找出中国女排存在的优势和不足,为备战2008年北京奥运会提供参考依据.
Hypothalamic Expression of Melanocortin-4 Receptor and Agouti-related Peptide mRNAs During the Estrous Cycle of Rats

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Melanocortin- 4 receptor (MC4R) and agouti- related peptide (AgRP) are involved in energy homeostasis in rats. According to MC4R and AgRP effects on luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, they may influence the estrous cycle of rats. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of MC4R and AgRP mRNAs at different stages of estrous cycle in the rat’s hypothalamus. The estrous cycle stages (proestrus, estrus, metestrus and diestrus) were determined in 20 adult female rats using vaginal smears. The rats were divided into four equal groups (n=5). Four ovariectomized rats were selected as controls two weeks after surgery. Using real- time PCR, relative expressions (compared to controls) of MC4R and AgRP mRNAs in the hypothalamus of rats were compared in four different groups of estrous cycle. The relative expression of MC4R mRNA in the hypothalamus of female rats during proestrus stage was higher than those in other stages (P=0.001). Despite a lower mean of relative expression of AgRP mRNA at proestrus stage, the relative expression of AgRP mRNA of the four stages of estrous cycle did not differ (P&gt;0.05). In conclusion, changes in the relative expression of MC4R and AgRP mRNAs in four stages of rat estrous cycle indicated a stimulatory role of MC4R in the proestrus and preovulatory stages and an inhibitory role of AgRP in gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
Pain in irritable bowel syndrome: Does anything really help?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Pain relief remains a significant challenge in the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): “Does anything really help relieve the pain in patients with IBS?”. Interventions aimed at pain relief in patients with IBS include diet, probiotics or antibiotics, antidepressants, antispasmodics, and drugs targeting specific gastrointestinal receptors such as opioid or histamine receptors. In the systematic review and meta‐analysis published in this journal, Lambarth et al. examined the literature on the role of oral and parenteral anti‐neuropathic agents in the management of pain in patients with IBS. This review article appraises their assessment of the efficacy of the anti‐neuropathic agents amitriptyline, pregabalin, gabapentin, and duloxetine in the relief of abdominal pain or discomfort, and impact on overall IBS severity and quality of life. This commentary provides an update of current evidence on the efficacy of the dietary and pharmacological treatments that are available or in development, as well psychological and cognitive behavioral therapy for pain in IBS. Advances in recent years augur well for efficacious treatments that may expand the therapeutic arsenal for pain in IBS.
Characterization of HZO Films Fabricated by Co-Plasma Atomic Layer Deposition for Ferroelectric Memory Applications

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a common method for fabricating Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) ferroelectric thin films that can be performed using direct-plasma (DP) and remote-plasma (RP) methods. This study proposed co-plasma ALD (CPALD), where DPALD and RPALD are applied simultaneously. HZO films fabricated using this method showed wake-up-free polarization properties, no anti-ferroelectricity, and high fatigue endurance when DPALD and RPALD started simultaneously. To minimize defects in the film that could negatively affect the low polarization properties and fatigue endurance, the direct plasma power was reduced to 75 W. Thus, excellent fatigue endurance for at least 109 cycles was obtained under a high total remanent polarization of 47.3 μC/cm2 and an applied voltage of 2.5 V. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the mechanisms responsible for these properties. The HZO films fabricated by CPALD contained few lattice defects (such as nonstoichiometric hafnium, nonlattice oxygen, and residual carbon) and no paraelectric phase (m-phase). This was attributed to the low-carbon residuals in the film, as high-energy activated radicals were supplied by the adsorbed precursors during film formation. This facilitated a smooth transition to the o-phase during heat treatment, which possessed ferroelectric properties.