jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Indonesia's Foreign Policy Post-Reform in the United Nations Security Council

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Indonesia has a national interest in carrying out the constitutional mandate in terms of maintaining active involvement to affirm that independence is the right of all nations and colonialism is contrary to the arguments of humanity and justice. Therefore, through United Nations Security Council, Indonesia rejects all forms of colonialism, including issues between Israel and Palestine. This research focuses on Indonesia's foreign policy and its capacity as a Non-Permanent Member of the UN Security Council. The method used is a qualitative method with a literature study that is validated through an explicit confirmation process at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, while the analytical framework used is a comparative foreign policy perspective to map the factors that influence the process of making Indonesian foreign policy in different terms of office, that is president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 2007-2008 and Joko Widodo 2019-2020. The findings of this study indicate that consideration of enacting Indonesia's foreign policy on Palestine is a sustainable policy with the roots of the constitutional mandate and Indonesia's commitments in the past, that’s why almost no major changes can be found even though they have gone through the presidential transition process. Palestine also can be has a vital position for Indonesia considering that Palestine is the only conflicting country that has always existed in a formal discussion of Indonesian state documents. The difference can be found in how each reign reacts to external factors such as the invasion or blockade that Israel has done.
Osteopontin and latent-TGF β binding-protein 2 as potential diagnostic markers for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chronic Hepatitis B (HB) is the main risk factor for chronic liver disease (CLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in many low-resource countries, where diagnosis is constrained by lack of clinical, histopathological and biomarker resources. We have used proteomics to detect plasma biomarkers that outperform α-Fetoprotein (AFP), the most widely used biomarker for HCC diagnosis in low-resource contexts. Deep-plasma proteome analysis was performed in HCC patients, patients with CLD and in HB-carrier controls from Thailand (South-East Asia) and The Gambia (West-Africa). Mass spectrometry profiling identified latent-transforming growth factor β binding-protein 2 (LTBP2) and Osteopontin (OPN) as being significantly elevated in HCC versus CLD and controls. These two proteins were further analyzed by ELISA in a total of 684 plasma samples, including 183 HCC, 274 CLD and 227 asymptomatic controls. When combined, LTBP2 and OPN showed an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.85 in distinguishing HCC from CLD in subjects with AFP <20 ng/mL. In a prospective cohort of 115 CLD patients from Korea, increased plasma levels of LTBP2 and/or OPN were detected in plasma collected over 2 years prior to diagnosis in 21 subjects who developed HCC. Thus, the combination of LTBP2 and OPN outperformed AFP for diagnosis and prediction of HCC and may therefore improve biomarker-based detection of HBV-related HCC.
Impact of Water Quality on the Growth Performance of Clarias gariepinus in Fish Farms within Fako Division, Cameroon

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Aquaculture in South-West Cameroon has evolved although not exponentially due to a qualified workforce. The problem of water quality in fish farms that could be associated with poor feeding and water quality management impacts the life of aquatic animals. Fish needs a healthy environment for its optimal growth and development (case study of Catfish). The objective of this studied was to determine the impact of water quality on the growth performance of Clarias gariepinus in some fish farms within Fako Division-South West Region of Cameroon. Material and methods: The method used in this research topic is descriptive, with 4 different localities, namely IRAD Batoke (A), Bakingili (B), Cornelius Fish Center (C) and Oumarou fish farm (D) Mile 2 Limbe. Collection of physicochemical and biological data was conducted from the period of March 8th to May 15th 2023 in Fako Division. Results: The results revealed highest mean temperature value (28.22±0.94ºC) in IRAD Batoke broodstocks tanks while Cornelius fish Center had the highest mean pH, electrical conductivity and total dissolved solid with values of 8.16±1.25; 0.84±0.35 ms/cm; and 0.38±1.8ppt in the broodstocks tanks and table fish tanks. The highest dissolved oxygen (<8mg/l); highest nitrite level (<0.025 mg/l) and highest Ammonium (<0.05 mg/l) were noted in three localities except the Bakingili locality. The physicochemical parameters of water had no negative impacts on the growth performance of this species. Conclusion: The results of physicochemical parameters such as water temperature, pH, and electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid, NH4, NO2, O2 obtained during the study experienced a relative variation and were very suitable for the growth and development of Clarias gariepinus.
Marine environmental problems: the ice covered Beaufort Sea shelf and coastal regions

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The primary goal of the program has been to understand the processes that are unique to Arctic shelves and their sedimentary environment, where sea ice plays an important role. Specific objectives have included: a definition of the character of bottom materials, including permafrost; a study of the present sediment transport and depositional mechanisms; and studies of the Holocene and Pleistocene geologic record. The character of the arctic continental shelf and coastal area, with its permafrost, faces the developer with many special problems. Any structure which is to be connected to the ocean floor requires data concerning the strength and character of the ocean floor. In addition, the offshore drilling operation may encounter permafrost which would be substantially altered during the process of pumping hot oil up to the sea floor or along the sea floor in gathering and transportation pipelines. The interaction of the arctic shelf with the arctic pack ice takes the form of ice gouging and the formation of a large stamukhi zone each winter. These factors are of utmost importance to the designers and operators of offshore terminals and pipelines.
Helgason Gabor Fourier transform and uncertainty principles

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Windowing a Fourier transform is a useful tool, which gives us the similarity between the signal and time frequency signal, and it allows to get sense when/where ceratin frequencies occur in the input signal, this method is introduced by Dennis Gabor. In this paper, we generalize the classical Gabor-Fourier transform(GFT) to the Riemannian symmetric space called the Helgason Gabor Fourier transform (HGFT). We continue with proving several important properties of HGFT, like the reconstruction formula, the Plancherel formula, and Parseval formula. Finally we establish some local uncertainty principle such as Benedicks-type uncertainty principle
Bioactive chemical constituents from Hyptis suaveolens stem

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Our previous studies have found that the aerial part of Hyptis rhomboides and the seed of Hyptis suaveolens contain xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors, inspiring us to investigate the chemical constituents of H. suaveolens stem. The EtOH extract of H. suaveolens stem was fractionated by liquid‐liquid partitioning, followed by separation over Sephadex LH‐20, silica gel, and reverse‐phase column chromatography, centrifugal partition chromatography, and semi‐preparative RP‐HPLC, to give 17 bioactive isolates. Of these, dimethyl melitrate A ( 9 ) is a new natural product, 10 is likely (7″ E )‐9′‐methyl melitrate A, only caffeic acid ( 2 ) is the same as those isolated from the seed of the same plant, and only nepetoidins A ( 14 ) and B ( 11 ) are the same as those from H . rhomboides stem. Nepetoidin B ( 11 ) showed the best anti‐XO activity. Rosmarinic acid ( 3 ) is the most abundant (>661 ppm; w/w, dried stem), while melitric acid ( 12 ) (>277 ppm), caffeic acid ( 2 ; >125 ppm), and methyl rosmarinate ( 4 ; >81 ppm) are the major ones. This outcome could serve as a good basis for chemotaxonomy of the Hyptis plants and is beneficial for developing H . suaveolens stem as anti‐hyperuricemic nutraceutical.
Geomagnetic Variation Anomaly on Miyake-jima Island

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Simultaneous observations of the three components of geomagnetic variations were made with five flux-gate magnetometers and two Askania magnetometers on Miyake-jima Island during a period from November, 1969 to July, 1970. Observed records are analyzed mainly by making use of the techniques of power spectral analysis and transfer function. The island effect on geomagnetic variations is approximately separated from the effect of the central Japan anomaly by comparing transfer functions determined at each observation point. As a result of the analysis, it is found out that the central Japan anomaly gives rise to peculiar frequency characteristics at stations on Miyake-jima Island.As for the island effect, a model calculation is made on the basis of a non-uniform thin sheet model. According to the comparison between the observed and calculated transfer functions, it turns out that the observed values amount to only about fifty percent of calculated ones as regards the transfer function Au. But in the case of Bu, the observed values seem to agree with the halves of calculated value as in the case of Au provided a constant, 0.1 say, is subtracted from the observed values. The constant thus introduced may be attributed to the effect of an east-west undulation of the conductor in the upper mantle near the Izu-Mariana island arc. The fact that the observed values amount to only about fifty percent of the calculated values seems to reflect the coupling between the sea water and the subterranean conductive layer which weakens the current induced in the sea.
A Discriminative Approach for the Retrieval of Images from Text Queries

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. This work proposes a new approach to the retrieval of images from text queries. Con-trasting with previous work, this method relies on a discriminative approach: the parameters are selected in order to minimize a loss related to the ranking performance of the model, i.e. its ability to rank the relevant pictures above the non-relevant ones when given a text query. In order to min-imize this loss, we introduce an adaptation of the recently proposed Passive-Aggressive algorithm. The generalization performance of this approach is then compared with alternative models over the Corel dataset. These experiments show that our method outperforms the current state-of-the-art approaches, e.g. the average precision over Corel test data is 21.6 % for our model versus 16.7% for the best alternative, Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis. 2 IDIAP–RR 06-15 1
Electrophysiological responses of Plutella xylostella to 9 different plant volatiles

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plutella xylostella is the main pest of cruciferae plants in the worldwide fields.The volatiles released from host plants serve vital roles in host-finding and oviposition behavior.Electroantennograms were recorded from male and female Plutella xylostella to 9 different plant volatiles(cabbage Brassica oleracea L.var.capitata,baby bokchoi Brassica chinensis L.,broccoli Brassica oleracea L.var.botrytis L.,Chinese cabbage Brassica pekinensis Rupr.,Radish Raphanus sativus L.,towel gourd Luffa Cylindrica Roem.,eggplant Solanum melongena L.,tomato Solanum lycopersicum,pepper Capsicum annuum L.) in healthy/injured status.The statistic analysis show there is a significant difference of EAG relative values between cruciferae and non-cruciferae volatiles.The EAG relative values of injured plant volatiles to both male and female changed a lot during the tests.Multiple-ANOVA analysis represents cross factors(sex,host-plant,plant status) showed a great interactive impacts to the EAG-RV.
Horticulture of Nutmeg: Germination, Propagation and Cultivation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The living collection of plants in the nutmeg family, Myristicaceae, has been increasing at the Botanic Garden of Delft University of Technology (Delft BG) since 2001. Horticultural and research staff there have been exploring the horticultural requirements, molecular structure and chemical composition of these plants since then. This paper comments on the historical importance of this family and the processes required to acquire live plant material. In recent years the significance of the mycorrhizal associations formed by the family and the consequences for their cultivation have been identified and these are described here along with the most effective methods of propagation as identified by staff at Delft BG.
"One Belt and One Road" and Free Trade Zones¡ªChina's New Opening-up Initiatives

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

"One Belt and One Road" and Free Trade Zones are two of China's new opening-up strategies developed in response to the changed domestic and international circumstances. Implementation of these strategies can provide China with a sounder market economic system and a better external environment. It can not only help China to further develop into a high income country, but also facilitate the industrialization and modernization of other developing countries.
ChemInform Abstract: New Procedure for the Preparation of 2,3‐Dihydro‐1,5‐benzothiazepin‐4(5H)‐ones Promoted by Samarium Diiodide.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of rhGH on the proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ObjectiveTo research the effect of GH on the proliferation of lymphocytes in periphral blood.Methods The lymphocytes were isolated from healthy donor peripheral blood and co-cultured with rhGH or rhGH plused TPA for 48h. 3H-TdR was added into the culture system at 16h before harvest. Then 3H-TdR incorporations (cpm) were examined.Results GH could promote the proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes.Conclusion GH is necessary for the develop and function of lymphocytes.
[Chemical constituents of bufadienolides in cinobufacino injection].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Cinobufacino injection is purified from water extraction of the skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans, which has been widely used for various cancers in clinic with significant anti-tumor effects. Bufadienolides were regarded as the main active constituents of cinobufacino injection in previous reports. In present study, 6 bufadienolides were isolated and purified from Cinobufacino injection. Their structures were identified as 3-epi-ψ-bufarenogin (1), ψ-bufarenogin (2), 3-epi-arenobufagin (3), arenobufagin (4), 3-epi-gamabufotalin (5), and 3-oxo-arenobufagin (6), separately. Among them, 1 and 3 were new compounds, 5 and 6 were new natural products. Compounds 1, 2 and compounds 3, 4 were two pairs configuration isomers at C-3, separately.
Ectopic hematopoietic bone marrow in the appendicular skeleton after trauma.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Unexpected ectopic hematopoietic marrow may occur in the appendicular skeleton after trauma and repeated surgical interventions. The bone marrow shows a physiologic uptake with IS and may be misinterpreted as granulocyte accumulation due to infection. This may lead to false-positive diagnosis in cases of suspected osteomyelitis.
Methodology for preliminary assessment of the radioactivity in natural waters

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This article presents the results of a preliminary assessment of the radioactivity of natural waters and the isotope analysis of drinking water. It describes the methods for the radiochemical preparation of water samples, which include concentration of uranium isotopes from water samples, extraction from impeding radionuclides and preparation of electrically countable samples. The results of violation of radioactive equilibrium between the isotopes 234 U/ 238 U and the several factors affecting this process in water samples have been obtained. It is clear from the obtained result that 234 U isotope concentration in groundwater is higher than that in surface water.
Alterations in core temperature during World Rugby Sevens Series tournaments in temperate and warm environments†

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose: To characterize player core temperature (Tc) across two separate World Rugby Sevens Series (WRSS) tournaments in temperate and warm environments. Methods: Tc was collected in seventeen playing members of one men's team competing at the Singapore ( n = 12) and London ( n = 11) WRSS tournaments. Exertional heat illness (EHI) symptoms, cooling strategy use, playing minutes and wet blub globe temperature (WBGT) were also collected. Linear mixed models and magnitude‐based inferences assessed differences in Tc between all periods within‐and between tournaments and were also used to assess the effect of WBGT and playing minutes on Tc. Results: Several players experienced Tc in excess of 38°C during warm‐ups and 39°C during games. The highest mean Tc values were observed in the final game on all days and in Singapore Day Two, there were substantial game‐on‐game increases in mean Tc. These Tc responses were associated with playing minutes (effect size; ±90% CL = 0.38; ±0.20), although the effect of WBGT was trivial and unclear. Further, there were no differences in Tc between the two tournaments in the different environments. Despite high individual peak Tc values (Singapore 39.9°C; London 39.6°C); no signs/symptoms of EHI were reported, voluntary post‐game cooling usage was minimal, and pre‐ and mid‐cooling strategies were not implemented. Conclusions: During WRSS matches, peak Tc values approached thresholds associated with EHI (>40°C) and exceeded those demonstrated to reduce repeated sprint performance (>39°C). Practitioners may consider the use of compatible cooling and heat acclimation strategies to minimize Tc increase and maximize player preparedness and recovery.
Digital platforms as means of political propaganda: The case of the protest Against dictatorship fake Facebook page

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Growing distrust in the mainstream media has led to rising importance of cyberspace in creation of the public sphere. This is especially visible in networked autocracies, regimes that have established firm control over mainstream media, but who have also developed effective strategies and techniques to fight against political opponents on digital platforms. In the networked autocracies one can observe a development of specific type of political propaganda that can be characterized as computational propaganda. This type of propaganda is created with the help of digital platforms, political bots and the Internet of Things. The basic role of computational propaganda is not based on delivering of a positive image of the one in whose name it is being implemented, but pollution and polarization of public spaces of the Internet, with the goal to discourage as many people as possible from online political activism. Serbia is one of the countries with a highly developed computational propaganda, whether we are talking about the number of people who perform this type of propaganda in the name of the ruling majority, or we are talking about the scope of their actions. One of examples of their internet operations was launching a fake Facebook page of the Protest against the dictatorship, with the aim of confusing supporters of this protest. Our empirical study has shown that cyber troupes of the ruling majority, known as bots, have been very successful in conducting their online campaign which contributed to the end of one of the greatest anti-government protests in the post-Milosevic era.
Desferrioxamine Administered Intravenously by Infusion Causes a Reduction in the Electroretinogram in Rabbits Anaesthetized with Urethane

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In rabbits anaesthetized with urethane, intravenous infusion of the iron-chelating drug desferrioxamine causes a reduction in the amplitude of the electroretinogram. This is most pronounced for weak light intensities, but the change is more complex than a mere reduction in sensitivity. In experiments lasting up to 3 days the effect is reversible and is not accompanied by electron-microscopical histological changes.
Preparation and ex-vivo ocular delivery of Thermo-responsible pluronic F- 127 hydrogel containing propranolol hydrochloride- loaded Liposomes

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective(s): Poor bioavailability of ophthalmic drops is mainly due to rapid nasolacrimal drainage and eye impermeability of corneal epithelium. The main aim of this study is to prepare a liposomal hydrogel for the ocular delivery of propranolol hydrochloride as a β-blocker drug to enhance drug concentration at the desired site of action.Materials and Methods: In this study liposome formulations were designed and prepared by homogenization and thin-layer methods and then dispersed into the pluronic based hydrogel. The optimized liposomes and liposomal hydrogel were used in Ex-vivo ocular permeation studies through the rabbit’s eye.Results: liposomes showed 170-380 nm particle size, 34-65% entrapment efficiency, and sustained release profiles that 30-60 % of loaded drug released after 24 h. liposomes dispersed in hydrogels demonstrated a lower release rate. Liposomes and liposomal hydrogel increased ocular bioavailability of more than 3-folds. Conclusion: In this study, the administration of thermo-responsible factors (pluronic) led to longer resistance time of the dosage form in the eye because the drug would turn into gel structures at the body temperature. Therefore, a system consisting of both pluronic factor and liposomes will be of great interest because it will pair up the Thermo gelling properties of the pluronic factor and the carrier characteristics of the liposome formulations.