jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Is Seed Iron Concentration Predictive of Resistance to Iron Deficiency in Soybean?

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Within the last decade, studies involving numerous crops provide strong evidence that seed Fe concentration ([Fe]) is useful for identifying genotypes possessing superior resistance to Fe deficiency. It is our opinion that using seed [Fe] is equivalent or superior to using visual chlorosis score as a measure of Fe efficiency, that seed [Fe] can be used to identify resistance to Fe deficiency in the absence of Fe deficiency or in the presence of Fe deficiency exacerbated by applying high rates of fertilizer N, that conventional plant breeding can be used to increase seed [Fe] as a strategy for improving resistance to Fe deficiency, and that planting seed [Fe] can be used as a predictor of successful (nonchlorotic) seedling establishment. International agricultural agencies, such as HarvestPlus (CIAT, Cali, Columbia), have promoted using plant breeding as an intervention strategy focused on increasing micronutrient concentrations and bioavailabilities in crops consumed by populations with known micronutrient deficiencies. Can conventional plant breeding be used to increase seed [Fe] as a strategy to reduce Fe deficiency in soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]? Evidence presented in this paper combined with earlier reports indicates that Fe‐efficient and Fe‐inefficient varieties appear to have seed [Fe] maxima that are distinctly different and seldom exceeded; that is, soybean plants tend to maintain [Fe] in the grain within predetermined, genetically controlled limits. Seed [Fe] can be regarded as an integrated measure of resistance to Fe deficiency that is manifest at maturity and that involves the coordinate expression of several genes regulating Fe reduction and uptake, transport, and storage.
Correlates of gonorrhoea among African Americans in North Carolina

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Rates of gonorrhoea (GC) infections are highest among African Americans in the USA, but risk factors for GC in this population have not been well defined. The purpose of this study was to study these risk factors. We used secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from a population-based case-control study of African Americans, aged 18–59 years, in rural North Carolina, USA. A history of past infection was 2.4 times (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3, 4.4) as likely among men (35%) than women (18%). Among men, a history of gonorrhoea was associated with earlier age at first intercourse (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 2.0 95% CI [1.2, 3.4]), substance use (aOR = 4.4 95% CI [1.1, 17.9]), and having a partner who had been incarcerated (aOR = 18.1 [2.8, 118.0]). Among women, factors associated with GC included diagnosis of another STD (aOR = 5.9 [1.9, 16.9]), lifetime number of sex partners (aOR = 1.9 [1.1, 3.4]), and a sex partner who used drugs (aOR = 4.1 (1.3, 12.9)). In conclusion, African Americans with a history of GC are likely to have traditional STD risk factors, including partners at high risk for sexually transmitted disease (STD). STD screening is warranted upon entry to treatment facilities for substance abuse or correctional facilities.
ВПЛИВ ПОЗАКОРЕНЕВОГО ПІДЖИВЛЕННЯ ПЛАНТАФОЛОМ НА ДЕЯКІ ФІЗІОЛОГІЧНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ І ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ СОЇ КУЛЬТУРНОЇ (GLYCINE MAX MOENCH.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The efficiency of influence of Plantafol (10.54.10) foliage application on soybeans in soil and climatic conditions of the Ternopil region was investigated. It was found that Plantafol increased the green weight of top and plant density, the total mass of grain per plant, its significance and therefore increased the grain crop by 4.9 c/ha.The crop growth was due to the formation of 15.0% higher biomass green weight of top with higher plant stand by 8% and the increase of seed productivity mainly by increasing of the total weight of seeds in plants by 10.2% and its significance by 7.9 % in comparison with the control. By the influence of Plantafol, there was an increase of the height of beans fastening by 6.4%, as well as a tendency to increase the number of beans by 5.7% and the number of seeds per plant by 2.1%.The chlorophyll fluorescence induction technique was used to isolate a group of fluorescence parameters of chlorophyll a, in particular φNPQ, φNO, which can determinate variations in the productivity of the variety, as they are sensitive to the foliage application.There wasn’t found the direct influence of the mineral fertilizer on the quantum yield of photochemistry PS II (ФPSII). At the same time, the abundance of chlorophyll (SPAD) increased.It is assumed that the decrease of the ECSt level, observed under the conditions of Plantafol foliage application of plants, led to the decrease of NPQt and φNPQ levels in soybean.In the absence of significant difference in the rate of linear electron flux in the experimental and control groups, Plantafol decreases the NPQt level and causes the increase of the total number of active RC FS I.The obtained data proved the significance and the perspective of foliage application using as of complex mineral fertilizers during soybean cultivation that increases its productivity in local soil and climatic conditions.The Plantafol reduces the negative effect of some nutritional elements in soil and increases the soybean crop in the conditions of Ternopil region by stimulating photosynthetic, growth and production processes.
Nonenzymatic glucosylation of homologous low density lipoprotein and albumin renders them immunogenic in the guinea pig.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Nonenzymatic glucosylation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and other plasma and structural proteins is enhanced in diabetics. Because conjugated carbohydrates are known to play an important role in the immunogenicity of proteins, we sought to determine if glucosylation of LDL (yielding Glc-LDL) and albumin would make them immunogenic. Therefore, we immunized guinea pigs with homologous glucosylated proteins and measured antibody response by solid-phase radioimmunoassay. Glucosylation of LDL in the presence of cyanoborohydride yields glucitol-lysine as the glucose adduct. Immunization with this Glc-LDL yielded a high-titered antiserum that reacted specifically with guinea pig Glc-LDL but not native LDL. Glucitol-lysine was an effective competitor for binding to the antibody, as were other reductively glucosylated human proteins. Glucosylation of LDL by incubation with glucose in the absence of a reducing agent yields fructosyllysine as the glucose adduct. This product, which has been demonstrated in human plasma, was also immunogenic, though the antiserum produced was of lower titer and affinity. Homologous glucosylated albumin was also immunogenic. These data suggest that nonenzymatic glucosylation of proteins could lead to autoantibody production and the formation of immune complexes in diabetic plasma and tissues.
'Love Me Or Kill Me': Sarah Kane and the Theatre of Extremes

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Introduction 1. 'This disgusting feast of filth': Blasted 2. 'If there could have been more moments like these': Phaedra's Love 3. 'This sensible hell': Cleansed 4. 'Only love can save me and love has destroyed me': Crave 5. 'Remember the light and believe in the light': 4.48 Psychosis 6. Converstation with James Macdonald 7. Conversation with Vicky Featherstone 8. Converstation with Nils Tabert 9. Conversation with Mel Kenyon 10. Conversation with Phyllis Nagy 11. Conversation with Kate Ashfield 12. Conversation with Daniel Evans 13. Conversation with Stuart McQuarrie 14. Edward Bond: Sarah Kane and theatre Select Bibliography Index
Separation of viscosity B coefficients into ionic contributions. Part 2.—Tetrabutylammonium tetrabutylborate and tetraphenylphosphonium tetraphenylborate in hexamethylphosphoric triamide

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The relative viscosities and densities of solutions of tetrabutylammonium tetrabutylborate, tetrabutylammonium bromide, tetraphenylphosphonium tetraphenylborate and tetraphenyl-phosphonium bromide in hexamethylphosphoric triamide have been measured at 25 and 35 °C. Viscosity B coefficients and apparent molar volumes at infinite dilution have been determined for these salt systems. Two independent values of the viscosity B coefficient for the bromide ion have been obtained and a new set of ionic B coefficients for the alkali-metal halides in hexamethylphosphoric triamide have been calculated. The various contributory factors to the magnitude of the ionic B coefficients are discussed.
An Investigation of the Relationship Between Imagery and Sportive Confidence in Volleyball Athletes

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between imagery in sports and the sportive confidence in athletes who play volleyball. 277 elite athletes who play volleyball, from 3 league levels (1st League, 2nd League, and Super League) between the ages of 18 and 35 (23.32 ± 4.16), of which 157 are women (21.78 ± 3.54), and 120 are men (25.33 ± 4.04) form the sample population of the research. Personal Information Form, Imaging Inventory, and Continuous Sportive Self-Confidence Inventory were applied to collect data. Independent T-test was applied to examine the distribution of the scores of sub-dimensions of imaging in sports and sportive confidence according to the variables gender, status of national team participation, and athlete's age, and Tukey HSD test with One-Way ANOVA was applied to examine the distribution according to active years in sports, age, and league level. After the findings from the analysis, it was determined that there was a meaningful difference between the sub-dimensions of imaging in sports and sportive confidence scores according to the variables of age, gender, sports age, the status of national team participation, league level, and active years in sports (p&lt;0.05).
EEG source imaging analysis of affect using sLoreta

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

EEG has been widely employed for capturing brain discharge during cognitive activities. However, it is not equipped with a high spatial resolution capability.Thus, a source localization technique is needed for estimating the
source of occurrences during brain activities. Commonly,
source localization is seen as ‘forward modeling’ and ‘inverse modeling’ problems. An example of source localization tool, sLORETA, was also employed to visualize the brain activation patterns during emotional experiences.
Tissue culture and rapid propagation of Melastoma penicillatum Naud

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The tissue culture and rapid propagation of Melastoma penicillatum were studied by using tender stems as explant.The explants were cultivated in MS medium with different types and concentrations of plant hormones.The results indicated that the most suitable procedure for sterilization was to soak explants into 0.1% HgCl_2 solution for 5-7 minutes,and then washed with sterile water for 5 times after soaked it with 70% alcohol for 30 seconds,and then washed with sterile water for 2 times.The optimum initial medium was MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.5 mg·L-1,the optimum propagation medium was MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.1 mg·L-1,the average proliferation rate was 3.4.The optimum medium for rooting was 1/2 MS+NAA (IBA) 0.1-0.2 mg·L-1.The rooted seedlings were transplanted in the mixed medium which was composed of loess and other medium,the average survival rate was up to 80%.
Association between occupational health and safety knowledge and behaviours among migrant workers: results from a cross-sectional study in China

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives To assess the relationship between occupational health and safety (OH&S)-related behaviours of migrating workers in China and their knowledge regarding OH&S laws and regulations (L&Rs). Materials and methods We sampled 1282 migrant workers from 12 labour-intensive manufacturers in Guangdong, China, with a response rate of 98.6%. Self-reported questionnaires were completed by the participants. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between OH&S-related behaviours and knowledge among migrant workers adjusting for their demographic features and the survey sites. Results Migrant workers’ behaviour of seeking occupational disease (OD) diagnosis and treatment was found to be statistically significantly correlated with their knowledge of all three OH&S L&Rs. A higher score of knowledge regarding these OH&S L&Rs is associated with a better chance to seek OD diagnosis and treatment. The ORs of the high-score group (subjects correctly answered more than one question) versus the low-score group (subjects correctly answered less than or equal to one question) are 2.02 (95% CI: 1.33 to 3.07) for Law of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, 2.89 (95% CI: 1.65 to 5.09) for Regulations on Safe Management of Dangerous Chemicals and Regulations on Labor Protection for Using Toxic Substances in Workplace and 2.25 (95% CI: 1.34 to 3.77) for Work-Related Injury Insurance Regulations. However, knowledge about these L&Rs is not statistically significantly associated with OH&S-related protective behaviours such as wearing a mask or gloves at work. Conclusions Knowledge of OH&S L&Rs helps migrant workers in China to seek OD diagnosis and treatment.
The stimulation of mitochondrial pyruvate carboxylation after dexamethasone treatment of rats

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Treatment of rats for 3 h with dexamethasone was shown to stimulate both pyruvate carboxylation and decarboxylation in the subsequently isolated mitochondria. The effect of hormone treatment on pyruvate carboxylation was also apparent in liver homogenates assayed within minutes of killing the animal and was independent of the temperature at which the assay was performed, suggesting that it was not an artifact of the mitochondrial preparation procedure. The stimulation of both aspects of pyruvate metabolism in the intact organelle was independent of the induction of either pyruvate carboxylase or pyruvate dehydrogenase. Similarly, there was no change in the percentage of pyruvate dehydrogenase in the active form, indicating that the effect of steroid treatment on pyruvate oxidation was not via changes in the degree of phosphorylation of the enzyme. Adrenalectomizing the animals for a period of 14 days before the experiment had no effect on either parameter. Glucocorticoid treatment of the animals increased the rate of pyruvate uptake into the mitochondria, as measured by the titration of pyruvate metabolism with alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate, a specific inhibitor of the pyruvate translocator. It also increased the intramitochondrial concentrations of acetyl-CoA and ATP and led to an elevated [ATP]/[ADP] ratio within the mitochondria. It is suggested that both enzymes of pyruvate metabolism exist in the mitochondria under considerable restraint and that glucocorticoids act to relieve this restraint by alterations in substrate supply and the intramitochondrial concentrations of effector molecules.
Ethics in Higher Art Education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this chapter I discuss the dissonance between ethical endeavours of higher art education and the aspirations of the neoliberal university. I start by exploring why art education should be ethical and how the ethical responsibility is revealed in the actions of artists, activists, curators and educators. I argue for particular ethics, following the thinking of Emmanuel Levinas. The collaborative nature of artistic creation has become a basic characteristic of the 21st century, through participation, community projects, collaboration and simply "doing together" (). In these events, artists, educators and curators are considered as collaborators and producers of situations. In this chapter, I offer a critical framework for community-based thinking, presenting, exploring, and critiquing contemporary and collaborative art practices. Ethical responsibility is discussed in relation to the role of participants and their possibilities of agency, through the concept of empathy. While empathy seems a topical and extensively used contemporary approach, it contradicts the neoliberal worldview and universities. I will discuss the tension between ethical education and neoliberal values that often marginalise knowledge as irrelevant in subjects that are not human, white, heterosexual, and able-bodied (). In brief, this chapter discusses the attempt of neoliberal universities to prioritise able bodies over marginalised ones, and productive bodies over nurturing ones, and how that might be in contradiction to the ethical, critical and societal attempts of art education.
TRIM16 promotes aerobic glycolysis and pancreatic cancer metastasis by modulating the NIK-SIX1 axis in a ligase-independent manner.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Enhanced aerobic glycolysis contributes to the metastasis of pancreatic cancer metastasis, but the mechanism underlying the abnormal activation of glycolysis has not been fully elucidated. The E3 ligase tripartite motif 16 (TRIM16) is involved in the progression of many cancers. However, the role of and molecular mechanism by which TRIM16 acts in pancreatic cancer are unclear. In this study, we report that TRIM16 was significantly upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues, and high expression of TRIM16 was associated with poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer. Multivariate analyses showed that TRIM16 was an independent predictor of poor outcomes among patients with pancreatic cancer. In addition, in vitro and in vivo evidence showed that TRIM16 promoted pancreatic cancer cell metastasis by enhancing glycolysis. Furthermore, we revealed that TRIM16 controlled glycolysis and pancreatic cancer cell's metastasis by regulating sine oculis homeobox 1 (SIX1), an important transcription factor that promotes glycolysis. TRIM16 upregulated SIX1 by inhibiting its ubiquitination and degradation, which was mediated by NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK), an upstream regulator of SIX1. Hence, NIK inhibitor can suppress SIX1 expression, glycolysis and metastasis in TRIM16-overexpressing pancreatic cancer cells. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that TRIM16 competed with NIK's E3 ligase, TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3), at the ISIIAQA sequence motif of NIK, and then stabilized NIK protein. Our study identified the TRIM16-NIK-SIX1 axis as a critical regulatory pathway in aerobic glycolysis and pancreatic cancer metastasis, indicating that this axis can be an excellent therapeutic target for curing pancreatic cancer.
Integration of AKT and ERK Signaling Pathways in Cancer: Biological and Therapeutic

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The PI3K/AKT and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathways are often activated concurrently by separate genetic alterations in human cancer. Although the selective advantage of mutational activation of both pathways remains largely elusive, emerging evidences indicate that both pathways interact to regulate each other and cooperate to maintain the transformed phenotype and promote cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we focus on recent findings on the convergent regulation of downstream functions by AKT and ERK pathways and discuss the biologic and therapeutic relevance of the pathway convergence in cancer.
Bidirectional Longitudinal Relationships between Maternal Psychological Control and Bullying/Victimization among Father-Absent Left-Behind Children in China

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The topic of school bullying has become an important issue over the world. Being in disadvantaged situations of fathers’ absence, prior research suggested that left-behind children (LBC) with absent fathers in China are more vulnerable to get involved in school bullying (bullying or being bullied). In addition, fathers’ absence brings much pressure to single stay-at-home mothers, leading to more maternal psychologically controlling parenting. Following a three-wave longitudinal design, this study aimed to examine the developmental relationship between maternal psychological control and father-absent LBC’s bullying/victimization as well as its mechanism. A total of 348 father-absent LBC aged 7–11 years in China completed a battery of questionnaires at three-time points. The results indicated that there are reciprocal effects between maternal psychological control and father-absent LBC’s bullying/victimization. Specifically, maternal psychological control at T1 predicted father-absent LBC’s victimization at T2; children’s victimization at T2 predicted maternal psychological control at T3; maternal psychological control predicted later children’s bullying perpetration stably from T1 to T2 and from T2 to T3; children’s bullying at T2 predicted maternal psychological control at T3. Two vicious circles happened in the above relationships. Current findings highlight the stronger effects of mothers’ negative parenting on children’s school bullying, which bring inspiration for future family education and school intervention.
Fuzzy haptic augmentation for telerobotic stair climbing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Teleoperated robotic systems provide a valuable solution for the exploration of hazardous environments. The ability to explore dangerous environments from the safety of a remote location represents an important progression towards the preservation of human safety in the inevitable response to such a threat. While the benefits of removing physical human presence are clear, challenges associated with remote operation of a robotic system need to be addressed. Removing direct human presence from the robot's operating environment introduces telepresence as an important consideration in achieving the desired objective. The introduction of the haptic modality represents one approach towards improving operator performance subject to reduced telepresence. When operating in an urban environment, teleoperative stair climbing is not an uncommon scenario. This work investigates the operation of an articulated track mobile robot designed for ascending stairs under teleoperative control. In order to assist the teleoperator in improved navigational capabilities, a fuzzy expert system is utilised to provide the teleoperator with intelligent haptic augmentation with the aim of improving task performance.
Influence of a "Discharge Interview" on Patient Knowledge, Compliance, and Functional Status After Hospitalization

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Physicians commonly assume that they can educate hospitalized patients to follow prescribed treatment plans after discharge. In a prospective, controlled study, we assessed the effectiveness of a discharge interview given to each of 545 hospitalized patients assigned to one of four groups: a group in which the physicians caring for the patients received a 35-minute tutorial on how to conduct a discharge interview (n = 181), a group that received a 15-minute discharge interview from an investigator (n = 53), a group that received both interventions (n = 63), or a control group (n = 248). One month after discharge, all patients were telephoned, and a standardized questionnaire was administered. Results revealed that, 1 month after discharge, there were no significant differences among the four groups in knowledge of diagnosis, symptom status, activity level, medication knowledge and compliance, appointment keeping, and rates of rehospitalization. These results suggest that effective inpatient education may require more than a discharge interview.