jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Nurseʼs Responsibility for Teaching Patients

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A STUDY was recently made of the teaching which nurses were carrying out in the medical and surgical units of eight general hospitals in a large metropolitan area. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors which are inhibiting effective teaching and, on the basis of this information, to make suggestions for improving this teaching. The data were secured by interviewing 19 nurses who were employed as directors, supervisors, head nurses, or general duty nurses. The interviews indicated that teaching programs were not organized in any of these hospitals. Certain factors regarding health teaching can be assumed. To be most effective it must be regarded as having three equally important partsprevention of disease, promotion of health, helping people adjust to the limitations imposed by disease. If teaching is effective it will help the patient understand (1) the hospital and its routines, (2) diagnostic examinations and therapeutic treatments, (3) preservation of health and prevention of disease, (4) disease conditions, (5) instructions about his care when he goes home, and (6) rehabilitation. Today it is essential that departments of nursing service conduct active teaching programs for patients, for two reasons-the patients need this instruction, and if nursing students are having clinical experience in the hospital, they need a suitable environment where they can learn to teach. Good clinical facilities are essential. And if students are to learn to teach, they should have clinical experience in situations where the nursing service personnel emphasize teaching. The nursing service personnel in the hospital have often let the nursing school faculty plan the teaching for patients with the idea that this is part of the students' experience. Although the student should have an opportunity to teach, it is equally important that general duty nurses have similar opportunities. There is a great deal of teaching that needs to be done by both student and graduate nurses. The teaching program must be organized if it is to meet the needs of all patients. Such a program can include in-service education so that nurses can improve their teaching skills and it can include a system to record patients' teaching needs and the teaching that is carried out. It can also include a plan to provide continuity in the individual patient's teaching, and a system of communication among members of the health team. To standardize the general teaching content, written materials are
Reputation‐based cross‐layer intrusion detection system for wormhole attacks in wireless mesh networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Wireless mesh networks provide long‐distance wireless network connectivity over heterogeneous devices for greater scalability and availability. However, protecting legitimate long‐distance wireless links from wormhole attacks is an important yet challenging security issue in wireless mesh networks. In this paper, we propose a reputation‐based cross‐layer intrusion detection system to effectively detect various wormhole attacks. The proposed system analyses the behaviours of the routing paths in wireless mesh networks to correctly isolate the malicious wormhole paths from legitimate long‐distance wireless links. It uses reputation and cross‐layer parameters for comprehensive ability to isolate the wormhole attacks in routing paths. This isolation ensures full utilisation of legitimate long‐distance wireless links in wireless mesh networks, which is not possible with the existing wormhole attack detection approaches. Experimental results show that the proposed system increases the detection rate, decreases the false alarm rate, and secures legitimate long‐distance wireless links in wireless mesh networks. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mapping fertility-restoring genes of rice WA cytoplasmic male sterility using SSLP markers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rice wild abortive (WA) type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is commercially used for production of hybrid seeds in China. Two fertility restorer genes in the CMS-WA system were detected with SSLP markers in this study. An F 2 population consisting of 210 excessive sterile individuals from a cross between Zhenshan 97A and a strong restorer line IR24 was used for mapping of Rf4. The genetic distance from Rf4 locus to RM171 (OSR33) and RM228 on long arm of chromosome 10 was 3.7 cM and 3.4 cM, respectively, which were the two closest SSLP markers flanking the Rf4 locus. The two SSLP markers gave promise of application in molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) for fertility restorer lines of the CMS-WA system. RM244, another SSLP marker on the short arm of chromosome 10, was found to be linked with a fertility restorer locus in an F 2 population consisting of 30 exces- sive sterile individuals from a cross between Zhenshan 97A and a weak restorer line IR64. The genetic relationship among fertility restorer genes Rf1, Rf4 and Rf5(t) for three rice CMS system is also discussed.
Queen replacement without gerontocracy in the paper waspParapolybia indicain temperate Japan

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Parapolybia indica is a primitively eusocial paper wasp. It is widely distributed in southern parts of Asia from India through south Asia to northern, cool temperate Japan. This study investigated which females become replacement queens after the loss of the original queens. When the original queens were removed artificially or disappeared naturally, younger females (8.7 days old on average, n = 10) became replacement queens. They had not only younger sisters but also elder sisters. This type of queen replacement coincides with a so-called tropical pattern so far known in tropical-zone paper wasps but not in those from temperate-zones.
Roman tombstone (Ara) with inscription, Bosnia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Roman tombstone made of limestone with an inscription. I(ovi) o(ptimo) m(aximo) toritratori. I Aur (ceins) Maximus ve (seramus) Aug (gustorum). Data were collected as part of a joint research project between GDH and the Association for the Digitization and Informatisation of Cultural Heritage (DIGI.BA) in Sarajevo, in full collaboration with the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo. Model was created from 259 images from a Canon 5D mk IV. All data were processed in Reality Capture. Project ID NMB RomanAra. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Analysis of the Flow-Field Distortions Induced by Pneumatic Pressure Probes in Test Bench Experiments on Centrifugal Compressors: Are We Testing Right?

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Experimental testing at the test rig still plays a key role in the development of new centrifugal compressor designs for industrial applications. Although a wide set of different probes is used as per common practice, the overall impact of the probes' dimensions on the stage performance and rangeability is often assumed to be negligible. In this study, we aimed at quantifying the intrusiveness effects of pneumatic pressure probes on the flow-field inside a vaned diffuser using a model stage of an industrial centrifugal compressor, for which different experimental setups were tested at the University of Florence test rig. Performance and rangeability were initially assessed using a conventional set of pneumatic probes inserted in the flow path. Then, comparative analyses were realized through dedicated tests by either removing all probes at the diffuser inlet or introducing only a single pressure probe in the upstream section and varying its angular position in the measuring section. Experiments revealed an impact of upstream probes much higher than expected, with a decrease in efficiency and a substantial reduction of stall margin. Moving from this experimental evidence, accurate three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the entire stage were carried out including the actual geometry of the probes for two probes configurations and three operating points (OPs). Simulations highlighted the effect probes' wakes on downstream vanes and the induced blockage effect, which both appear in line with experimental evidence. As a handout, a recommendation on the optimal probe positioning is suggested.
Allosteric Coupling in Full-Length Lyn Kinase Revealed by Molecular Dynamics and Network Analysis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Lyn is a multifunctional Src-family kinase (SFK) that regulates immune signaling and has been implicated in diverse types of cancer. Unlike other SFKs, its full-length structure and regulatory dynamics remain poorly characterized. In this study, we present the first long-timescale molecular dynamics analysis of full-length Lyn, including the SH3, SH2, and SH1 domains, across wildtype, ligand-bound, and cancer-associated mutant states. Using principal component analysis, dynamic cross-correlation matrices, and network-based methods, we show that ATP binding stabilizes the kinase core and promotes interdomain coordination, while the ATP-competitive inhibitor dasatinib and specific mutations (e.g., E290K, I364N) induce conformational decoupling and weaken long-range communication. We identify integration modules and develop an interface-weighted scoring scheme to rank dynamically central residues. This analysis reveals 44 allosteric hubs spanning SH3, SH2, SH1, and interdomain regions. Finally, a random forest classifier trained on 16 MD-derived features highlights key interdomain descriptors, distinguishing functional states with an AUC of 0.98. Our results offer a dynamic and network-level framework for understanding Lyn regulation and identify potential regulatory hotspots for structure-based drug design. More broadly, our approach demonstrates the value of integrating full-length MD simulations with network and machine learning techniques to probe allosteric control in multidomain kinases.
Classical description of pair production

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

It is shown that the classical description of pair production effect is possible, i.e. one can describe pair production without a reference to quantum principles. Pair production appears at statistical description of stochastic relativistic particles. There is a special force field which is responsible for pair production. This field is a reasonable consequence of quantum stochasticity. Consideration of quantum systems as stochastic systems and statistical description of them generates hydrodynamic interpretation of quantum phenomena. In the collision problem the hydrodynamic interpretation appears to be alternative to the conventional interpretation, based on quantum principles and on consideration of the wave function as a principal object of dynamics. Hydrodynamic interpretation leads to such a statement of the collision problem, which is alternative to the conventional S-matrix theory.
Metagenomic Analysis of Non-Apis Wild Insect Pollinators and Predators Shows Virus Threat to Their Survival

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background: Insect pollinators provide major pollination services for wild plants and crops, this is necessary for both agriculture and ecology, we should protect their population size and diversity as much as possible. Currently, we have known that the virus disease of honeybee can cause serious damage to bee colony, but we know little about the virus of other wild pollinating insects. Here we investigated the virus host wild insect pollinators as a reminder that they are facing virus threaten too. Methods: Transcriptome sequencing was used to investigate the viruses of Non- Apis insect pollinators and predators. Furthermore, host and replicability of several novel viruses that weakly related to honey bee viruses were determined by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Three honey pathogenic virus, five viruses host insect and twenty-six novel viruses were detected. Seven novel viruses showed weakly similarity to honeybee pathogenic viruses and five of them were determined can be replicated their genomes in the corresponding host by detected complementary strands of viral genomes, suggests that they may be pathogenic to the corresponding host. Conclusion: So many novel viruses detected in wild insect pollinators and their predators indicates that we don’t have a clear understanding of the virus composition in pollinator insect and related species. The same living environment provides the conditions for virus cross infection, we should be alert to this situation in the protection of pollinating insects.
The role of bedrock topography, structure, ice dynamics and preglacial weathering in controlling subglacial erosion beneath a high-latitude, maritime ice field

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

It is known that regions of warm- and cold-based ice sheets modify and protect the Landscape, respectively. Investigations on a small plateau-top ice field, Øksfjordjøkelen (40 km 2 ), in north Norway have indicated that this situation can exist at a small scale. Margins of the plateau, exposed by ice retreat since AD 1850, provide evidence of a complex basal thermal regime: in some localities blockfields with patterned ground and, in others, abraded and quarried bedrock forelands have been exposed. Exposed blockfields are interpreted as areas covered by cold-based, non-erosive ice. In areas of sliding ice, substantial quantities of erosion are evident. Locally, bedrock shows three joint sets intersecting which produce joint-bounded blocks. Removal of these blocks during the Little Ice Age has produced small rock steps about 5–10 m long and 1–3 m high. Present-day basal sliding velocities at the snout are low (15 m a – 1) and ice thickness over the whole glacier is &lt; 190 m. Simple modelling for block removal shows a direct relationship with glacier-sliding velocity and inverse relationship with ice thickness. Preglacial weathering is shown to influence the size of removable blocks.
Comparison of computational methods for high-dimensional item factor analysis. Submitted for publication. www.statmodel.com

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this article we conduct a simulation study to compare several methods for estimating confirmatory and exploratory item factor analysis using the software programs Mplus and IRTPRO. When the number of factors is bigger than three or four the standard numerical integration methodology used for computing the maximum-likelihood estimates is intractable due to the exponentially large number of integration points needed to compute the likelihood. Several methods have been developed recently to overcome these computational problems however they have not been directly compared previously. In this paper we present a simulation study to compare maximum likelihood estimation based on Montecarlo integration, maximum likelihood estimation based on Metropolis-Hastings Robbins-Monro algorithm, maximum likelihood estimation based on two-tier integration, Bayesian estimation and the weighted least square estimation. 1
[Our ultrasonic experience in the diagnosis of traumatic lesions of the liver and spleen].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors on the basis of their series evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography (US) in the diagnosis of intraperitoneal as well as hepatic and splenic intraparenchymal blood collections. Because of its reliability, lack of contraindications, feasibility at the patient's bed, easy remaking, US examination is the first choice approach to the patient with blunt abdominal trauma.
ROTATIONAL SPECTRUM AND STRUCTURE OF $H_{2}CO-HCl$

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Rotational spectra of $H_{2}CO-H_{35}CI, H_{2}CO-H_{37}CI, D_{2}CO-H_{35}CI$, and $D_{2}CO-H_{37}CI$ have been observed using a pulsed nozzle Fourier transform microwave spectrometer. For $H_{2}CO-H_{35}CI$ the following spectroscopic constants have been determined (in MHz): $B=2687.856(23), C=2527.412(23), \\Delta J=0.0105(12), \\Delta_{JK}=0.223(10), eQq_{aa}=-41.424(14)$ and $eQq_{bb}=14.106(19)$. The $HC_{l}$ subunit is bonded to the oxygen of the $H_{2}CO$ subunit through a non-linear hydrogen bond. For the $H_{2}CO-H^{35}C1$ complex, the distance between the centers of masses of the two units is 3.3487 A giving an O--Cl distance of 3.22 A. From the quadrupole coupling constant, $eQq_{aa}$, an effective vibrationally averaged angle between the HC1 axis and the axis of the complex is determined to be $30.5^{\\circ}$. Centrifugal distortion analysis yields estimates of the weak bond stretching force constant and stretching frequency as 0.069(8) mdyn/A and $85(4) cm^{-1}$ respectively. The structural results are compared with the predictions of Buckingham and $Fowler^{1}$ from their electrostatic model.
A neural blackboard architecture of sentence structure

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

We present a neural architecture for sentence representation. Sentences are represented in terms of word representations as constituents. A word representation consists of a neural assembly distributed over the brain. Sentence representation does not result from associations between neural word assemblies. Instead, word assemblies are embedded in a neural architecture, in which the structural (thematic) relations between words can be represented. Arbitrary thematic relations between arguments and verbs can be represented. Arguments can consist of nouns and phrases, as in sentences with relative clauses. A number of sentences can be stored simultaneously in this architecture. We simulate how probe questions about thematic relations can be answered. We discuss how differences in sentence complexity, such as the difference between subject-extracted versus object-extracted relative clauses and the difference between right-branching versus center-embedded structures, can be related to the underlying neural dynamics of the model. Finally, we illustrate how memory capacity for sentence representation can be related to the nature of reverberating neural activity, which is used to store information temporarily in this architecture.
Literary Magazine: Its Social-and-Cultural Mission and Functions in the Literary Communication

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article analyzes the functions of the literary magazine in the current social-and-cultural space. The educational, communicative, creative, social-and-cultural potential of modern monthly publications is revealed. It is stated that multifunctionality is one of the most valuable typological features of national literary magazines. Over a long period of Russian journalism, culture, and history development it was this specificity that ensured the stability of this type of media. At the same time, multifunctionality is the key to the further literary journal evolution as a publication type. In the article the objective and subjective causes of the modern journals crisis are determined. Due to the specificity of the content, literary publications face serious troubles in adapting to new social-and-cultural reality that is losing its artistic literary centricity and to the media product functioning aspects in the digital age, when literary communication takes on a altered quality and different forms. These circumstances largely determine the instability of the typological profile and the functional paradigm of modern magazines. A comprehensive way of overcoming crisis phenomena is proposed. It is proved that the future of literary magazines consists in integrationinto the new information reality and the new media system, while maintaining its unique cultural functionality. It is important that each publication concretizes its typological model: its mission, tasks, place in the cultural space, target audience; ideological and substantial vector of literary, critical, publicistic discourses and ways of their representation, structural features, authors, directions of extrajournalistic sociocultural activities.
Screening and identification of differentially expressed genes in hippocampus of mice during hypobaric hypoxic delayed preconditioning

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

AIM: This study was designed to explore the differentially expressed genes between hypobaric hypoxic delayed preconditioning (HHDP) and normal mouse hippocampus. METHODS: HHDP was produced by treating the animals at a 7 000 m high altitude for 2.5 h/d for 3 d. At 36 h after last time decompression, total RNA was isolated from hippocampus. cDNA was synthesized and amplified by SMART PCR. cDNA libraries of differentially expressed gene between HHDP and control hippocampus were constructed. 452 clones from forward (subtracted control from preconditioning) cDNA library and 74 clones from backward (subtracted preconditioning from control) one were screened by reverse Northern hybridization. RESULTS: Screening with subtracted probes, hybridization signal of 85 gene fractions decreased and that of 217 gene fractions increased by more than 2 times in HHDP hippocampus compared with control. Screening with unsubtracted probe, hybridization signal of 44 gene fractions decreased and that of 135 gene fractions increased by more than 2 times in HHDP hippocampus compared with control. Some of the clones had been sequenced. Analysis and comparison with the data of GenBank were performed. The results showed that mouse cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 and 6, deleted in split-hand/split-foot 1 region (DSS1) and cDNA corresponding to clone IMAGE: 5251089 of mice cDNA library were increased in hippocampus of HHDP mice. cDNA corresponding to clone IMAGE: 3593193, mus musculus adult male olfactory brain cDNA and mus musculus bladder RCB-0544 MBT-2 cDAN were decreased in hippocampus of HHDP mice. CONCLUSION: Many genes expresses differentially in hippocampus of mice during HHDP. This may be one of the molecular mechanisms of HHDP.
Alteration in Indinavir Clearance During Interleukin‐2 Infusions in Patients Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Study Objective . To evaluate the effect of interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) infusions on the pharmacokinetics of indinavir in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Design . Observational, noncontrolled trial and prospective, open‐label, nonrandomized, pharmacokinetic study. Setting . Government research hospital. Patients . Seventeen patients receiving indinavir 800 mg every 8 hours and a 5‐day continuous infusion of recombinant IL‐2. Interventions . Observational study: trough indinavir concentrations were measured on day 1 and day 5 of IL‐2 as part of a clinical trial. Prospective study: serial plasma samples were collected on days 1 and 5 of IL‐2 to determine indinavir concentrations. Samples were also collected over the study period to determine IL‐6 concentrations. The data were fit by a one‐compartment model that allowed clearance to change based on IL‐6 production and by standard noncompartmental equations. Measurements and Main Results . The area under the curve of indinavir increased in eight of nine patients by a mean of 88% (range −29–215%) between days 1 and 5 of IL‐2 infusion. Over this period, IL‐6 concentrations also increased in all patients and indinavir clearance significantly decreased. Observational data in eight patients from the clinical trial showed significantly increased indinavir trough concentrations from 264 ± 493 to 670 ± 677 ng/ml in the presence of IL‐2. Conclusion . Indinavir concentrations were altered during IL‐2 infusions, possibly by induction of IL‐6. Investigation into the effects of other proinflammatory cytokines is warranted.