jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Technical sandbox for a Global Patient co-Owned Cloud (GPOC)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The use of Cloud-based storage personal health records has increased globally. The GPOC series introduces the concept of a Global Patient co-Owned Cloud (GPOC) of personal health records. Technical sandboxes allow the capability to simulate different scientific concepts before making them production ready. None exist for the medical fields and cloud-based research. Methods We constructed and tested the sandbox using open-source infrastructures (Ubuntu, Alpine Linux, and Colaboratory) and demonstrated it on a cloud platform. Data preprocessing utilised standard and in-house libraries. The Mina protocol, implementing zero-knowledge proofs, ensured secure blockchain operations, while the Ethereum smart contract protocol within Hyperledger Besu supported enterprise-grade sandbox development. Results Here, we present the GPOC series’ technical sandbox. This is to facilitate future online research and testing of the concept and its security, encryption, movability, research potential, risks and structure. It has several protocols for homomorphic encryption, decentralisation, transfers, and file management. The sandbox is openly available online and tests authorisation, transmission, access control, and integrity live. It invites all committed parties to test and improve the platform. Individual patients, clinics, organisations and regulators are invited to test and develop the concept. The sandbox displays co-ownership of personal health records. Here it is trisected between patients, clinics and clinicians. Patients can actively participate in research and control their health data. The challenges include ensuring that a unified underlying protocol is maintained for cross-border delivery of care based on data management regulations. Conclusions The GPOC concept, as demonstrated by the GPOC Sandbox, represents an advancement in healthcare technology. By promoting patient co-ownership and utilising advanced technologies like blockchain and homomorphic encryption, the GPOC initiative enhances individual control over health data and facilitates collaborative medical research globally. The justification for this research lies in its potential to improve evidence-based medicine and AI dissemination. The significance of the GPOC initiative extends to various aspects of healthcare, patient co-ownership of health data, promoting access to resources and healthcare democratisation. The implications include better global health outcomes through continued development and collaboration, ensuring the successful adoption of the GPOC Sandbox and advancing innovation in digital health.
Inquiry-based Instruction – Cultivating Analytical Habits of Mind with 21st Century Skills: A Qualitative Study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Significant challenges face the United States regarding global competition as 21st century workforce skills lag behind corporate demands in STEM-based careers (Bucher, 2011; Campbell & Pedersen, 2007; Kramer, 2010; Savitz & Elias, 2011; Scott, 2007). Strategic interventions for inquiry-based, 21st century skills development are of grave necessity for K-12 education to encourage post-secondary STEM opportunities (Abaidoo, 2012; Mouhammed, 2009; Porter & Rivkin, 2012; Rombel, 2012).\nThis study investigated inquiry techniques in K-12 urban classrooms where greatest equity gaps reside and explored teacher self-efficacy with respect to promoting 21st century skills. Changes needed to promote sustainable, inquiry-based, analytic habits of mind for success in STEM disciplines with respect to student populations of greatest need is a priority. Comprehensive study details and findings are available in the unpublished dissertation, Inquiry-based Instruction: Cultivating Analytical Habits of Mind with 21st Century Skills (Laliberte, 2014). Research questions guiding the qualitative portion of this study included:\n1. How do teachers describe their use of inquiry in the classroom?\n2. How did teachers learn to implement inquiry practice in the classroom?\nThis paper focuses on the qualitative components of a mixed methods, sequential explanatory, study that employed a sample of certified public teachers from urban classrooms in a Northeastern state where educational achievement gaps are greatest. Qualitative data collection was comprised of sequential focus groups that explored teacher perceptions of self-efficacy regarding inquiry (Krueger & Casey, 2009) following quantitative assessments of frequency and inquiry levels related to Webb’s Depth of Knowledge (Webb, 1997; Webb, 2009) and teacher self-efficacy based on Bandura’s research (2006, 2013).\nQualitative findings revealed six emergent themes including: Student Skills and Extended Thinking, Qualities and Characteristics of Teachers, What Does this Vision Look Like?, Boundaries and Challenges of Change, Elementary Versus Secondary Preparation, Myth or Reality?, and Benefits of Collaboration in Real Time. Participating educators described accountability to promote 21st century inquiry skills in their classrooms, recognized shortcomings related to teacher preparation programs, indicated needs for strategic professional development to remain proficient with evolving skills required in the competitive workplace, and noted stressors of new educator evaluation systems that prohibit expansion of classroom practices. Findings may assist varied audiences focused on 21st century global readiness. Those tasked with professional development and teacher preparation initiatives must meet teachers’ needs to support inquiry practices in K-12 classrooms.
Factors that Influence Generation Z's Purchase Intention Towards Imported Secondhand Clothes In Indonesia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The development of fashion trends continues to move from time to time. In Indonesia itself, the fashion trend that is currently emerging is thrifting or buying and selling of imported secondhand clothes. Based on data from the Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), the import value of secondhand clothing has increased significantly by 607.6% (year on year) for the January-September 2022 period. This raises a problem which is, so far, the import of secondhand clothing has cut the MSME market share in the fashion industry by 15-20%. This could happen because society, especially Generation Z, prefers to buy imported used clothes rather than buying local brand clothes, which is supported by the results of preliminary research. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out what factors that influence Generation Z's purchase intention towards imported secondhand clothing. Based on previous studies and the results of preliminary research, the authors used 8 factors that have an influence relationship with purchase intention, which are, frugality, eco-consciousness, need for status, need for uniqueness, fashion involvement, reference group, perceived quality, and bargain hunting. The research method used an online questionnaire survey and analyzed using descriptive text and PLS SEM with SmartPLS. A total of 356 respondents filled in the questionnaire, which is Generation Z, living in Indonesia with the requirement that they have at least bought imported used clothes at least twice in the past 3 years. The results of this study found that the need for uniqueness, fashion involvement, reference group, and perceived quality, and bargain hunting significantly influence the intention to buy imported used clothing. On the other hand, eco-consciousness and need for status indirectly affect the intention to buy imported used clothing through a mediating variable, which is bargain hunting. Frugality has a significant direct effect on the intention to buy imported used clothing and has a significant indirect effect through bargain hunting. The results of these findings provide insight to local fashion brands regarding what factors influence Generation Z's purchase intention towards imported secondhand clothes.
Interaction of the EGFR signaling pathway with porcine cumulus oocyte complexes and oviduct cells in a coculture system

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract It has become increasingly recognized that coculture has a beneficial effect on the in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes and embryo development in many species. However, these effects of coculture on IVM have been documented only for their positive conditioning roles without any evidence on the precise mechanisms underlying the action of coculture systems on the development of cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs). It has been suggested that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway is important for development of COCs, mediated by several epidermal growth factor (EGF)‐like proteins with downstream mitogen‐activated protein kinase 1/3 signaling. Therefore, we hypothesized that canine oviduct cells (OCs) in a coculture system, which shows improvement of oocyte quality in several species, are associated with EGFR signaling by exposure to progesterone (P4; imitating its production before ovulation and its continuous increase while oocytes reside in the oviduct to complete maturation in dogs). We designed three experimental groups: control, OCs coculture exposed to P4, and OCs coculture without exposure to P4. The result showed that the OCs coculture exposed to P4 strongly expressed EGF‐like proteins and significantly improved COCs and subsequent embryo development. Furthermore, the expression of EGFR‐related genes in cumulus cells and GDF9 and BMP15 in oocytes was upregulated in the P4‐treated group. This study provides the first evidence that OCs exposed to P4 can induce strong expression of EGF‐like proteins, and OCs effectively mediate improved porcine COCs development and subsequent embryo development by altering EGFR signaling related mRNA expression.
Samson Agonistes

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The most remarkable aspect of Samson Agonistes is its internalisation of the action.1 Samson's movement back to God, his recovery of his lost pre-eminence and power, is recorded, not in terms of the hero's actions, but rather in terms of his progressively more acute spiritual awareness. It is in the spiritual movement of the drama that the Aristotelian 'middle', which Dr Johnson found wanting in the play, is to be found. Indeed, most of Milton's modern readers would readily endorse Arthur Barker's facetiously accurate reversal of Dr Johnson's charge: 'Samson's experience is so far from having no middle that it is in effect all middle.'2
“Sugar Belly” Walker and the Bamboo Saxophone

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

William Walker, known to all as Sugar Belly, developed on his own the instrument he called the bamboo saxophone, and played it with facility, style, passion, and joy. At the height of his popularity in the late 1950s, Sugar Belly was one of the important figures in the Jamaican music scene, turning his homemade saxophone into a natural vehicle for a distinctively Caribbean musical style. Sugar Belly did make a fair number of bamboo saxophones over the years, keeping some to play himself and selling others. The main segment of his bamboo saxophone (see the photos) is a straight section of bamboo, an inch or so in diameter and something over a foot long. Sugar Belly carved his reeds from bamboo. He turned to store-bought reeds only when his bamboo supply (which he found in the Hope River valley, not far from Kingston) gave way to coffee plantations and other forms of development.
Comment on egusphere-2023-664

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Upper-tropospheric deep convective outflows during an event on 10th–11th of June 2019 over Central Europe are analysed from simulation output of the operational numerical weather prediction model ICON. Both, a parameterised and an explicit representation of deep convective systems are studied. Near-linear response of deep convective outflow strength to net latent heating is found for parameterised convection, while coherent patterns in variability are found in convection-permitting simulations at 1 km horizontal grid spacing. Furthermore, three hypotheses on factors that may affect the magnitude of the convective outflow are tested in the convection-permitting configuration: organisation of convection through dimensionality of the systems, organisation of convection through aggregation and convective momentum transport. Convective organisation and aggregation induce a non-linear increase in the magnitude of deep convective outflows with increasing net latent heating, as shown by the confidence interval of the best fit between power transformed net latent heating and detected magnitude of outflows. However, mixed and weaker than expected signals are found in an attempt to detect the representation of dimensionality of the convection and its consequences for the divergent outflows with an ellipse fitting algorithm that describes the elongation of the intense (convective) precipitation systems. As opposed to expectations, convective momentum transport is identified to slightly increase the magnitude of divergent outflows in this case study.
Molecular Mechanisms of Chlorhexidine Tolerance in Burkholderia cenocepacia Biofilms

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The high tolerance of biofilm-grown Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria against antimicrobial agents presents considerable problems for the treatment of infected cystic fibrosis patients and the implementation of infection control guidelines. In the present study, we analyzed the tolerance of planktonic and sessile Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315 cultures and examined the transcriptional response of sessile cells to treatment with chlorhexidine. At low (0.0005%) and high (0.05%) concentrations, chlorhexidine had a similar effect on both populations, but at intermediate concentrations (0.015%) the antimicrobial activity was more pronounced in planktonic cultures. The exposure of sessile cells to chlorhexidine resulted in an upregulation of the transcription of 469 (6.56%) and the downregulation of 257 (3.59%) protein-coding genes. A major group of upregulated genes in the treated biofilms encoded membrane-related and regulatory proteins. In addition, several genes coding for drug resistance determinants also were upregulated. The phenotypic analysis of RND (resistance-nodulation-division) efflux pump mutants suggests the presence of lifestyle-specific chlorhexidine tolerance mechanisms; efflux system RND-4 (BCAL2820-BCAL2822) was more responsible for chlorhexidine tolerance in planktonic cells, while other systems (RND-3 [BCAL1672-BCAL1676] and RND-9 [BCAM1945-BCAM1947]) were linked to resistance in sessile cells. After sessile cell exposure, multiple genes encoding chemotaxis and motility-related proteins were upregulated in concert with the downregulation of an adhesin-encoding gene (BCAM2143), suggesting that sessile cells tried to escape the biofilm. We also observed the differential expression of 19 genes carying putative small RNA molecules, indicating a novel role for these regulatory elements in chlorhexidine tolerance.
Mitochondrial DNA DAMPs Induce Inflammation and Insulin Resistance

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Increasing evidence showed that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), as a part of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), induces an immune response and inflammation in immune, as well as in cells of nonnimmune origin. As insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are characterized by a persistent chronic inflammation, the aim if this study was to evaluate if mtDNA DAMPs induce an inflammatory responses in skeletal muscle cells and induce insulin resistance both in vitro and vivo. In vitro study showed that exogenous mtDNA fragments induced TLR9-mediated NF-κB activation in primary muscle cells. Also, we found that mtDNA DAMPs and palmitate increased TLR9 content in muscle cells. Furthermore, mtDNA DAMPs reduced insulin signaling and insulin stimulated glucose uptake in primary muscle cells. Importantly, administration of exogenous mtDNA DAMPs induced inflammatory signaling, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in vivo, providing a direct causative role for mtDNA DAMPs in the development of insulin resistance. Parallel studies in vivo showed that high fat diet-induced insulin resistant mice (Yuzefovych et al, 2013, PLOS One) have elevated circulating mtDNA DAMPs contents which were associated with increased mtDNA damage in skeletal muscle and liver, increased oxidative stress and content of TLR9 in skeletal muscle. Collectively, this study identifies a novel role for mtDNA as a pro-inflammatory molecule which promotes insulin resistance. Ultimately, this can provide new clinical implications both to design novel therapeutic strategies and cost-effective biomarkers of insulin resistance progression. Disclosure L. Yuzefovych: None. V.M. Pastukh: None. L. Rachek: None.
The Primitive Microsporidia

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

This review covers the metchnikovellideans (the genera Metchnikovella, Amphiacantha, Amphiamblys, and Caulleryetta), the typical chytridiopsids (Chytridiopsis, Nolleria, and Intexta), Buxtehudea, a genus with a cytology intermediate between chytridiopsids and typical microsporidians, and the three insufficiently known genera Jiroveciana, Burkea, and Hessea. Typical chytridiopsids are parasites of the gut epithelium and they provoke no external signs of infection. The cytology and life cycles of the Chytridiopsis-like microsporidia have been interpreted from cytological studies of field-collected infected hosts. The cytology and development of Nolleria pulicis and Intexta acarivora are of Chytridiopsis type, and both are parasites of the gut epithelium. The three genera Buxtehudea, Burkea, and Hessea parasitize different groups of terrestrial hosts. In their cytology, chytridiopsid characters are combined with cytology of the normal type for microsporidia.
Cardiac evaluation in adults with dengue virus infection by serial echocardiography

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background Dengue virus infection (DVI) is a major health problem in many parts of the world. Its manifestations range from asymptomatic infections to severe disease. Although cardiac involvement has been reported in DVI, its incidence has not yet been well established. Methods From July 2016 to January 2018, patients hospitalized at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, with dengue virus infection confirmed by positive NS1 or positive dengue immunoglobulin M findings, participated in the study. We characterized the incidence and change in cardiac function by serial echocardiography and levels of troponin-T and creatinine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) on the day of admission, the day of defervescence, the first day of hypotension (if any), and at 2-week follow-up. Results Of the 81 patients evaluated, 6 (7.41%) exhibited elevated biomarker levels. There was no difference in clinical presentation amongst dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) except the amount of bleeding. Cardiac involvement was found in 22% of patients: 3 (3.70%) had left ventricular systolic dysfunction, 3 (3.70%) had transient diastolic dysfunction, 6 (7.41%) had increased levels of at least one cardiac biomarker (troponin-T or CK-MB), and 6 (7.41%) had small pericardial effusion. Myocarditis was suspected in only two patient (with DHF); thus, myocarditis was uncommon in patients with dengue virus infection. Three patients developed DSS during admission and transfer to the intensive care unit. Conclusion Cardiac involvement in adults with dengue infection was found in 22.22% of cases, ranging from elevated cardiac biomarker, transient left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction and pericardial effusion. We found that DHF was the significant risk factor for cardiac involvement (p < 0.001). Abnormalities in cardiac function had resolved spontaneously by the day of follow-up without specific treatment.
Music Mediated and Live in Japan

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Edison invented the recorded cylinder in 1877. Mediated musics, sounds schizophonically split from their sources (Schafer 1977:90), have been with us for over a century. Phonograph records have been commercially available since 1897. Radio and records have been an extremely powerful combination in disseminating music to people since the 1920s. Wire recordings, reel tape recordings and, currently, cassette tapes have transformed listening habits and musical cultures throughout the world. Recordings may have been the single most important factor in getting this discipline of ethnomusicology started, freezing musical processes as objects of study, a precondition and a continuing, if largely taken for granted, frame of reference. Studies examining human interaction with all the mediated music processes, however, are surprisingly few and far between. How do people actually use all this machinery and mediated music? How do people use their record and tape collections? What social interactions occur around them? What exchanges of goods, services, and information? Americans spend about a quarter of their waking hours interacting with TV sets and I've never been able to find a good article about that process! Do people talk to each other very little or a lot while watching? Does this vary much with ethnicity and social class? Why is the sound usually off when TV is on at local taverns? These kinds of questions, hundreds of them, about media and humanity in the concrete quotidian, do not seem to get asked very often and are studied even less. There is much media theory to read and a number of communication departments exist at universities. There are plenty of product-related reports and elaborate ratings systems to determine the number and kinds of listeners or viewers for any given station at any given moment. But the quality, the nature of people's listening and viewing, the social life in which media reception is embedded, does not receive much attention. Why? I think in capitalist America we just assume isolation, individualism, passivity, mindless consumption, a lot of inert little black boxes out there into which mediated stimuli are pumped. It is assumed that the only responses from the little boxes that matter can be measured by sales
Assessment of nonlinear changes in functional brain connectivity during aging using deep learning

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The study focuses on the complex relationship between aging and functional brain connectivity, and the need for advanced artificial intelligence approaches to understanding them. To identify the underlying mechanisms that drive cognitive decline in aging, we present a novel graph attention network model to detect nonlinear changes in functional brain connections across the aging process. The results have the potential to improve our understanding of the complexities of aging-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, and aid in the development of effective diagnostic tools and treatments.
[Chronic fatigue syndrome and psychiatric diseases].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The chronic fatigue syndrome consists of a combination of non-specific symptoms. Some believe that the CFS is subcategory of major depression, because the symptoms are similar to those of major depression. We believe that the CFS is quite different from major depression or neurotic depression, since the CFS has no lack of initiative and effort, no inhibition which is seen in endogenous depression, and sharp fluctuations in general fatigue, anxiety, and various persisting somatic symptoms, such as, malaise and mild fever. CFS seems to be similar to the neurasthenia. It is harmful, at least, in aetiology and treatment, to neglect the diagnosis of the CFS.