jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
School Health Education Research: Future Issues and Challenges

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract This paper presents the view that the dissemination of effective school health education constitutes a significant problem that deserves high priority on a national research agenda for school health education. Justification of dissemination is grounded in two presuppositions: (1) that there is a positive correlation between health education and the practice of health‐enhancing behaviors and (2) that health education is an appropriate and fundamental task for schools. Two complex sub‐problems are discussed. The first is related to the fact that there are no data to help us determine how many children in this country actually receive health information in schools. In addition, there is insufficient evidence to ascertain either the quality or quantity of health information children receive or where in the curriculum the presentation of that information occurs. The second problem pertains to the myriad of complex factors that impede the implementation of health education in schools. These two problems are re‐cast into a series of researchable questions.
Methanol futures hedging with skewed normal distribution by copula method

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

As an environmental protection fuel, methanol is widely used in national economy. The tremendous price fluctuation of methanol makes risk avoidance an important issue. However, traditional normal hypothesis in the existing literature underestimates the potential risk and leads to an inefficient hedging strategy, so we studied hedging strategy with methanol futures contracts based on the skewed normal hypothesis. Considering that copula methods allow us to construct a flexible multivariate distribution when solving the problem of asymmetry and nonlinearity, the dependence structure between spot and futures return is modelled through copula functions in this paper. Since likelihood equations do not have explicit solutions in the context of skewed normal, Genetic Algorithm is used to estimate the parameters of a skew normal distribution. To deal with the complexity of the proposed model, the artificial bee colony algorithm is adopted to search for the optimal solutions. Empirical results show that skewed normal distribution can represent the distribution characteristics of return better and improve the hedging effectiveness. Gaussian copula describes the dependence structure of spot and futures quite well. The algorithms designed to obtain the parameters in the marginal distributions and to find the optimal hedge ratio are effective and feasible.
Changes in olfactory event-related potentials and behavioral measures associated with the Apolipoprotein ε4 allele a comparison of young, middle age, and older individuals

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

OF THE THESIS Changes in Olfactory Event-Related Potentials and Behavioral Measures Associated with the Apolipoprotein e4 Allele: A Comparison of Young, Middle Age, and Older Individuals by Krystin M. Corby Master of Arts in Psychology San Diego State University, 2010 The sense of olfaction declines with age and negatively impacts the lives of individuals. This decline can be seen in measurements of threshold, identification, and memory. Olfactory deficits beyond that of normal aging are present in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The earliest stages of neurodegeneration occur in olfactory processing areas of the brain. The Apolipoprotein (ApoE) e4 allele is a genetic risk factor for AD, and is associated with olfactory deficits. Presence of the allele is also associated with a more profound decrease in olfaction with age. This study examined differences in activation of olfactory and visual brain areas, reflected in event-related potential (ERPs) latencies and amplitudes, based on age group and ApoE e4 status. This measure was also compared to traditional olfactory behavioral tests. Latencies and amplitudes were compared across the N1, P2, N2, and P3 peaks to explore which peaks are most effective at differentiating among groups. Significant differences were found in olfactory ERPs based on age, ApoE e4 status, and their interaction. Visual ERPs were only significantly different by age. P3 was found to be the most effective peak to differentiate between ApoE e4 positives and negatives for the young and middle age groups, whereas N1 was the most effective peak for the older age group. Overall, the results suggest that olfactory ERPs may be able to detect more subtle differences due to aging and AD risk than traditional behavioral tests.
The left-right dimension in the minds of Icelandic voters 1987-2009

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The left-right political dimension represents a powerful and parsimonious way to describe political ideology. The right is usually seen as standing for tradition and acceptance of inequality, whereas the left advocates progress and economic redistribution. This study reports an analysis of the left-right scale in the minds of Icelandic voters, using data from the Icelandic National Election Studies from 1987-2009. Findings indicate that the vast majority of respondents are willing to place themselves on the left-right scale, and that they have become increasingly willing to do so since 1987. The average political orientation of Icelanders has consistently been just right of centre, with a moderate dip in 2009. The possibility of political polarization and sorting is considered, and ultimately rejected, based on analyses of the distribution of left-right scores for the entire sample and for subgroups defined by political party affiliation and demographics. Lastly, the contextual nature of the left-right dimension is examined by looking at the relationship over time between attitudes towards six political issues and left-right self-placement. The overarching picture that emerges from this study is that of a stable, well-defined left-right political landscape in the minds of Icelandic voters.
NATIONAL BELONGING

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Too often the concept of national cinema is taught as though it was always linked to a nation‐state, and as though most given national cinemas could be linked to a set of common stylistic or thematic (and often nationalism‐related) problems. This tendency is perhaps most strongly re‐enforced by Steven Crofts' widely used essay 'Re‐conceptualizing National Cinema/s'. Following more from Andrew Higson's essay 'The Concept of National Cinema', I would like to propose that national cinemas be identified and discussed in terms that centralise the institutional facilities in a given territory and, to a certain extent, the presence of a national consciousness in that territory.
Prediction Model of Diabetes Complications Based on Genetic Engineering Improved Genetic Algorithm Optimized BP Neural Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays, with the rapid development of science and technology, people’s living standards have been greatly improved, and many chronic diseases have also been brought, including diabetes. The occurrence of diabetes not only poses a serious threat to human body, but also poses a threat to human life with its development. BP (Back Propagation) neural network model can well solve the logic regression problem of single factor and multiple factors, and also better solve the collinearity problem of multiple factors. BP neural network optimized based on improved genetic algorithm can reflect the influence mode and degree of various factors, and can be predicted from the perspective of patients’ diet, exercise, and doctors’ application of insulin. In this paper, the patients in a hospital were taken as the research object, and the BP neural network method was used to analyze the causes of the disease. The prediction model was used to screen out the high-risk groups of diabetes patients and reduce their incidence rate. Secondly, according to the collected data, the relationship between diabetes related complications was analyzed in depth by using genetic engineering technology, thus providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications. The prediction accuracy of BP neural network optimized by genetic algorithm can reach 94.1%. In the high-risk group of diabetes, taking appropriate diet and behavioral measures can reduce the probability of diabetes. The prediction scheme of diabetes complications proposed in this paper is simple and its cost is low, which can greatly reduce the cost of prevention and treatment of diabetes and the probability of diabetes.
The Causes of Low Success Rate of Public Sector Projects as Compared to the Private Sector In Ghana- The Study Area of Greater Accra Region

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The issue of project failure is alarming in Ghana and this experience has persisted for a long time. However, some projects undertaken by private organizations are able to chalk successes more often. This study therefore examines the causes of low success rate of project completion in both the public and private sectors in Ghana, study area of Greater Accra Region. The research intends to analyze how the setting of project goals, project scope, project budget, monitoring and feedback, meeting stakeholders’ expectations and project management practice influence completion of projects in both public and private sectors. Both qualitative and quantitative techniques were used for collecting and analyzing the data. The stratified sampling technique was employed and out a total of 200 questionnaires administered to respondents. 158 questionnaires representing 79% were retrieved. Regression and correlation analysis were used in analyzing the data collected, based upon which conclusions were drawn. The findings of the research were that setting project goals, monitoring and feedback and project management practice are the most influential factors in successful completion of projects in both sectors. The study has made recommendations in the article to guide project implementation Key Words: Project Management, Success factors, Project goals, Project budget, Monitoring and Feedback
On Refined Neutrosophic Vector Spaces I

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The objective of this paper is to present the concept of a refined neutrosophic vector space. Weak(strong) refined neutrosophic vector spaces and subspaces, and, strong refined neutrosophic quotient vector spaces are studied. Several interesting results and examples are presented. It is shown that every weak (strong) refined neutrosophic vector space is a vector space and it is equally shown that every strong refined neutrosophic vector space is a weak refined neutrosophic vector space.
Long-term Follow-up of Patients with Congenital Hyperinsulinism in Austria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim: To assess the neurological and clinical long-term outcome of patients diagnosed with congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) in Austria. Patients and Methods: Fourteen patients diagnosed with CHI (1978-2000) were investigated retrospectively by reviewing hospital records. Thirteen of them were evaluated with either a questionnaire or clinical, neurological and biochemical investigations (age at evaluation 4.2- 25.5 years) in a follow-up study in the year 2004. Results: Fifty percent of the patients needed a pancreatectomy. The prevalence of mental retardation was 31%, of epilepsy 15% and of pancreatic insufficiency 14%. None of our patients had developed diabetes mellitus. Additionally the prevalence of obesity was 43% in patients after pancreatectomy. Sixty-nine percent of the patients had no further treatment at the time of follow-up. Conclusion: Despite early diagnosis and intensive treatment, 31% of the patients presented with mental retardation.
Electrocardiographic interpretation of thiobarbiturate-induced dysrhthymias in dogs.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The cardiac dysrhythmia occuring most commonly during intravenous administration of thiamylal sodium is ventricular bigeminy (ventricular premature depolarization coupled to the preceding sinus beat). Electrocardiographic tracings obtained during thiamylal-induced dyshythmias must be interpreted accurately if an accurate prognosis is to be give. Ventricular bigeminy seemed to originate in the ventricle, distal to the bundle of His. When ventricular premature depolarization was late in diastole, occuring simultaneiously with the next sinus-conducted impulse, a fusion beat resulted. The resultant ventricular bigeminy appeared as: (1) alternating ventricular premature dipolarizations, (2) an electrical alternans, and (3) alternating preexcitation syndrome. This dysrhythmia was associated with palpable alternating strong and weak frmoral arterial pulse. The likelihood that ventricular dysrhythmias will be caused by thiamylal is closely related to dose, concentration, and rate of administration. In a 23-month period, clinical occurrence of ventricular bigeminy during induction of anesthesia with thiamylal was approximately 4%.
LHD 10p5U-AD01-07-NF #175376.5

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The plasma monitor cameras are installed in 6-T, 6-O and 10-O ports for monitoring LHD plasmas. Five cameras are set in 3-O port for observing the lower divertor structure near 2.5-L port and the plasma-wall interactions on the divertor plates.
ALMaQUEST -- IV. The ALMA-MaNGA QUEnching and STar formation (ALMaQUEST) Survey

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The ALMaQUEST (ALMA-MaNGA QUEnching and STar formation) survey is a program with spatially-resolved $^{12}$CO(1-0) measurements obtained with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) for 46 galaxies selected from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) DR15 optical integral-field spectroscopic survey. The aim of the ALMaQUEST survey is to investigate the dependence of star formation activity on the cold molecular gas content at kpc scales in nearby galaxies. The sample consists of galaxies spanning a wide range in specific star formation rate (sSFR), including starburst (SB), main-sequence (MS), and green valley (GV) galaxies. In this paper, we present the sample selection and characteristics of the ALMA observations, and showcase some of the key results enabled by the combination of spatially-matched stellar populations and gas measurements. Considering the global (aperture-matched) stellar mass, molecular gas mass, and star formation rate of the sample, we find that the sSFR depends on both the star formation efficiency (SFE) and the molecular gas fraction ($f_{\rm H_{2}}$), although the correlation with the latter is slightly weaker. Furthermore, the dependence of sSFR on the molecular gas content (SFE or $f_{\rm H_{2}}$) is stronger than that on either the atomic gas fraction or the molecular-to-atomic gas fraction, albeit with the small HI sample size. On kpc scales, the variations in both SFE and $f_{\rm H_{2}}$ within individual galaxies can be as large as 1-2 dex thereby demonstrating that the availability of spatially-resolved observations is essential to understand the details of both star formation and quenching processes.
Measles and Varicella Vaccination Program in a Hospital: Implementation and Impact on Contact Tracing

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Healthcare workers are recommended to get vaccinated against measles and varicella. This study aims to describe the implementation process of a measles and varicella vaccination program and report on the reduction in the number of susceptible healthcare workers exposed to measles, varicella, and disseminated herpes zoster at a tertiary hospital. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) model was used to describe the vaccination program implemented from October 2015 to September 2018. The number of exposed, reviewed, and susceptible healthcare workers during contact tracing for exposure to (a) measles and (b) varicella and disseminated herpes zoster in 2016, 2017, and 2018 is reported. A total of 6770 (95%) out of 7083 healthcare workers completed their immunization review by 2018. In 2016, 20 (10%) out of 198 healthcare workers exposed to measles were considered susceptible. In 2018, no one was found susceptible out of the 51 staff members exposed to measles (p < 0.01). For exposure to varicella and disseminated herpes zoster, seven (5%) out of 154 exposed healthcare workers were susceptible in 2016. In comparison, only two (1%) out of 377 exposed healthcare workers in 2018 were susceptible (p < 0.01). The vaccination program effectively reduced number of healthcare workers susceptible to measles, varicella, and disseminated zoster.
The genus <i>Waltheria</i> in southern Africa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Waltheria indica L., the only species of Waltheria represented in southern Africa, is revised. This species, which occurs throughout the tropics and substropics of the world, is found abundantly in the northern Cape, Swaziland, northern Natal, Transvaal and northwards through South West Africa/Namibia and Botswana. Thoughout its wide distribution the species is uniform. A scrutiny o f herbarium specimens revealed that what appeared as a distinct species or subspecies was without doubt an abnormality, probably caused by insect injury.
Fundamentals and Engineering of Severe Plastic Deformation

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Continuum Approach to Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) Processes of Severe Plastic Deformation Mechanics of Equal-Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE) ECAE Processing Applications of ECAE Fundamentals of Poly-Crystal Modeling Models for Texture Development Modeling Single & Multiple Passes in ECAE Texture Characterization Texture Evolution during ECAE Deviation from Simple Shear Temperature Texture Evolution in Route C Nomenclature Deformation Twinning & SPD Mechanical Response of SPD'ed Metals Non-Equilibrium Grain Boundaries Dislocations in Nano-Microcrystalline(NMC) Metals Vacancies in NMC Metals Diffusion Properties of Grain Boundaries in NMC Metals Limit of Grain Refinement during ECAE Recrystallization & Grain Growth in Pure NMC Metals Recrystallization & Grain Growth in NMC Metals Optimum Grain Size for StructuralSuperplasicity Strain Hardening during Superplasticity Yield Stress of NMC Metals at RoomTemperature Strength & Ductility of NMC Metals at Room Index.
An overview of GNSS remote sensing

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals are always available, globally, and the signal structures are \nwell known, except for those dedicated to military use. They also have some distinctive characteristics, including \nthe use of L-band frequencies, which are particularly suited for remote sensing purposes. The idea of using GNSS \nsignals for remote sensing - the atmosphere, oceans or Earth surface - was first proposed more than two decades \nago. Since then, GNSS remote sensing has been intensively investigated in terms of proof of concept studies, signal \nprocessing methodologies, theory and algorithm development, and various satellite-borne, airborne and ground-based \nexperiments. It has been demonstrated that GNSS remote sensing can be used as an alternative passive remote \nsensing technology. Space agencies such as NASA, NOAA, EUMETSAT and ESA have already funded, or will fund in \nthe future, a number of projects/missions which focus on a variety of GNSS remote sensing applications. It is \nenvisaged that GNSS remote sensing can be either exploited to perform remote sensing tasks on an independent \nbasis or combined with other techniques to address more complex applications. This paper provides an overview \nof the state of the art of this relatively new and, in some respects, underutilised remote sensing technique. Also \naddressed are relevant challenging issues associated with GNSS remote sensing services and the performance \nenhancement of GNSS remote sensing to accurately and reliably retrieve a range of geophysical parameters.
The Effect of Vitamin E on Laying Performance and Stress Respoof Japanese Quail (Coturnlx coturnix japonica)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was carried out to observe the laying performance and stress response of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) fed diet supplemented with vitamin E. Thirty six Japanese quails were reared and consumed either the layer feed without mixture of vitamin E (Control groups) or layer feed with the mixture of vitamin E (Vitamin E groups). The vitamin E given was around 0.225mg/kg of diet. The feed consumed, together with the number and weight of eggs laid by the quails was recorded daily for 6 weeks together with the weight of the quails. The blood was drawn every week to measure the stress response by using cell count of Heterophil/Lymphocyte ratio. This experiment was aimed to examine the effect of Vitamin E on the laying performance and stress response of that layer quail. The predicted outcome should be the Vitamin E groups should have better egg production and less stressful compare to the Control groups, but the actual result ended up proving the vice versa from the expected result. The low amount of vitamin E given and environmental temperature were concluded to be the main factor of this unexpected outcome. \n
Defining the Importance of Mitochondrial Gene Defects in Maternally Inherited Diabetes by Sequencing the Entire Mitochondrial Genome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

For any mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation, the ratio of mutant to wild-type mtDNA (% heteroplasmy) varies across tissues, with low levels in leukocytes and high levels in postmitotic tissues (e.g., skeletal muscle). Direct sequencing is the gold-standard method used to detect novel mutations, but can only reliably detect % heteroplasmy &gt;25%, which is rare in leukocytes. Therefore, we investigated the role of mtDNA defects in maternally inherited diabetes by first screening for the A3243G tRNALeu(UUR) mutation by restriction assay, followed by sequencing of the entire mitochondrial genome using skeletal muscle derived mtDNA. A total of 28 patients had maternally inherited diabetes either alone (group 1, n = 17) or with one or more additional features of mitochondrial disease, including bilateral sensori-neural deafness and neuromuscular disease (group 2, n = 11). Three patients (all from group 2) carried the A3243G mutation. Skeletal muscle mtDNA from eight group 1 patients and six more group 2 patients was sequenced. No pathogenic mutations were found in the group 1 patients, while two patients from group 2 had mutations at positions 12258 and 14709 in the tRNA serine and glutamic acid genes, respectively. We conclude, therefore, that screening for mtDNA mutations should be considered in patients with maternally inherited diabetes, but only when additional features of mitochondrial disease are present.
The Magic of Multiple Emotions: An Examination of Shifts in Emotional Intensity During the Reclaiming Movement’s Recruiting/Training Events and Event Reattendance1

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines whether emotional fluctuations predict the likelihood of future attendance at a movement’s week‐long recruitment and training events. I present a statistical analysis of longitudinal survey data, and then examine qualitative data on multiple emotions and “chains” of emotions over time. Qualitative and quantitative data together generate a multifaceted understanding of emotions’ interactions over time and their independent and combined ability to predict who returns to the events a year later. Previous work on emotions and movement recruitment has confined itself to whether emotional experiences were positive or negative or focused in depth on one particular emotion. This article’s findings show that confusion, courage, fear, and hope have a substantial and sometimes interactive impact on attendance at subsequent events.