jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Trends and Prospects: Historical Studies on Koryŏ-Mongol Relationship in the 13-14th centuries

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to review major achievements in historical studies of Koryŏ-Mongol relationship in the 13-14 th centuries made by Korean researchers so far, and explore the proper way the researchers should take in the future. The trend of historical studies on Koryŏ-Mongol relationship in Korea can be divided into three following periodical categories: (1) the period during 1960s-80s when the emphasis on nationalistic historical consciousness was rampant in the overall Korean history academic world, (2) the period from the late 1980s to 1990s when criticism on the bias embedded in the nationalistic interpretation of history was raised, and the effort to understand the history of Koryŏ-Mongol (Yuan) relationship in structural perspective was made, and (3) the period since 2000 when the researchers tried to explain Koryŏ-Mongol (Yuan) relationship in the most objective way by actively adopting the results of researches on Mongol history made both in Korea and in overseas. Among those categories, as “the effort to understand the relationship in structural perspective” was made to eliminate the subjective elements in the nationalistic perspective, the first two categories can be defined as “rise and fall of the nationalistic perspective,” and the third period can be defined as “the appearance of the approaches in world historical perspective” which tried to understand the nature of the relationship in the world order centered around the Mongol Empire in the 13-14 th centuries. This paper examined the overall trends in historical studies made on Koryŏ-Mongol (Yuan) relationship inside Korea since the 1960s, and categorized them into two groups: studies which employed a structural perspective, and those whose notion were based upon global historical orders. Also added are a few comments on recent studies made since 2000 in the conclusion.
Using Bayesian Techniques To Build Up An Inconsistency Free Health Status Index

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

1- To obtain a set of values of health states of the EQ-5D based on self-related health VAS using linear and non- linear models Bayesian techniques. 2 - To analyse "logical consistency" in different models and to derive a model free from logical inconsistencies. 3 - To analyse and compare results of several models when using a priori sources of information. We apply the usual models and transformations of these, in order to attain logical consistency of the value set. Models proposed are: linear model (1); linear with dummy variables (2) and two models with a logistic structure with different distributions of the coefficients to be estimated (3 and 4). For two of these models new dummies are added in order to obtain logical consistency (2B and 4B). We propose a modelling to guarantee consistency of values of the EQ-5D health states that may be applied to suitable samples at apparently low cost of fit. This model is nonlinear, has distribution Gamma in the coefficients and specific dummy variables. The introduction of priors may reduce the cost of forcing logical consistency. Classification-JEL:
Homology over local homomorphisms

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The notions of Betti numbers and of Bass numbers of a finite module N over a local ring R are extended to modules that are only assumed to be finite over S, for some local homomorphism f: R --> S. Various techniques are developed to study the new invariants and to establish their basic properties. In several cases they are computed in closed form. Applications go in several directions. One is to identify new classes of finite R-modules whose classical Betti numbers or Bass numbers have extremal growth. Another is to transfer ring theoretical properties between R and S in situations where S may have infinite flat dimension over R. A third is to obtain criteria for a ring equipped with a `contracting' endomorphism -- such as the Frobenius endomorphism -- to be regular or complete intersection; these results represent broad generalizations of Kunz's characterization of regularity in prime characteristic.
Infantile Intussusception

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An 8-month-old, strictly breast-fed boy presented to our emergency department for persistent hematochezia. Frank bloody stools have been present since age 2 months, when he was diagnosed as having a presumed milk protein allergy; however, restriction of maternal dairy and soy milk since that time brought little improvement. Physical examination was unremarkable and laboratory studies revealed normal coagulation indicators and microcytic anemia with low iron levels. Diagnostic endoscopy was performed upon hospital admission. Colonoscopy revealed a polypoid lesion, which was encountered in the proximal transverse colon. The base of a stalk was not visualized; rather the proximal colon was filled with viable-appearing intussusceptum (Fig. 1 and video, https://links.lww.com/MPG/A300). The patient was transferred to the operating room for laparotomy. The intussusception was surgically reduced and a mid-ileal hyperplastic polyp, acting as a lead point, was resected (Fig. 2). Additionally, a remote Meckel diverticulum was discovered and excised.FIGURE 1: Polyp attached to intussusception.FIGURE 2: Mucosal view of polyp in resected ileum.Juvenile polyps typically occur in the 2- to 8-year-old age range, and majority of lesions are located in the rectosigmoid colon (1,2). An ileocolonic juvenile polyp causing intussusception happens rarely but has been reported in a 26-day-old neonate (3). In this case, the Meckel diverticulum could have independently contributed to the hematochezia, but its role here is unclear.
Aerial Acoustic Targeting Orientation Estimation Based on Deconvolved Conventional Beamforming

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The line spectrum detection of helicopter sound localization only considers the frequency band of the signal fundamental frequency and has low energy utilization efficiency for harmonic frequencies. Moreover, using classic beamforming algorithms (e.g., minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR)) to scan the fundamental frequency, the azimuth spectrum beam obtained is relatively wide, and the results are not ideal. To improve the resolution of helicopter sound signals, this paper adopts harmonic frequency direction estimation based on deconvolved conventional beamforming. Firstly, the output power spectrum of conventional beamforming is modeled as convolutional form, and three deconvolution methods are used to post-process the azimuth spectrum of conventional beamforming in the frequency band where the helicopter sound signal is fundamental. Then, based on the frequency doubling relationship between the fundamental frequency and harmonics of the helicopter sound signal, the superposition of harmonic frequency energy is used to ensure the peak value of the target signal in the frequency domain and azimuth. This method improves the resolution and accuracy of signals, and MATLAB simulations and experiments have shown its good performance.
The image of gypsies in Polish collections of iconographic materials (19th century - first half of the 20th century) : reconnaissance

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The image of Gypsies in Polish collections of iconographic materials (19th century - first half of the 20th century) - reconnaissance. At least since the Middle Ages the people of Europe have shared their space with the nomadic Gypsy people. Its long, often troublesome neighborhood resulted in the formation of two parallel, though different, stereotypical images of the Roma in European culture. In one of them one, they are portrayed negatively, as the personification of all the pejorative and demonic qualities. Two words describing Roma Stereotypes in this language context are as follows: dangerous vagrants, thieves, criminals, living without any moral rules. Under the influence of romantic ideas in European culture a different picture of the Gypsies began to take shape. According to this ideal, they were considered to be free people, living itinerant lives and in harmony with nature, free from hard work, colorful, cheerful, independent and artistic. In this paper we would like to present how the ideas existing in the nineteenth-and twentieth century culture reflected in the iconography of Roma. On the basis of Polish collections we will show the most important themes and motifs associated with the iconography and mythology of this minority. At the same time, we will try to show to what extent the European images coincided with the real culture and tradition of the Gypsies. In the analysis we will use both engravings, woodcuts, paintings, graphics press and photographs found in public collections in Tarnow, Sejny or Krakow, as well as in various private collections.
MEADOWLANDS SPORTS COMPLEX TRAFFIC IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. SESSION 16

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This presentation the reviews the traffic studies and the planning that were undertaken to improve access to and relieve congestion in the Meadowlands Sports Complex in northern New Jersey. Among the improvements: upgrading the existing internal roadway sign system, adding remotely controlled variable message signs at critical exterior and interior roadway locations, converting the one-way arena peripheral roadway system to two-way operation, adding direct ingress/egress ramps between the Turnpike Interchange 18W ramp and the South and North Connector Roads, and constructing additional parking facilities.
CFD MODELING IN DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF AN ENDOVASCULAR CHEMOFILTER DEVICE

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy (IAC) is a preferred treatment for the primary liver cancer, despite its adverse side-effects. During IAC, a mixture of chemotherapeutic drugs, e.g. Doxorubicin, is injected into an artery supplying the tumor. A fraction of Doxorubicin is absorbed by the tumor, but the remaining drug passes into systemic circulation, causing irreversible heart failure. The efficiency and safety of the IAC can be improved by chemical filtration of the excessive drugs with a catheter-based Chemofilter device, as proposed by a team of neuroradilogists. The objective of my work was to optimize the hemodynamic and drug binding performance of the Chemofilter device, using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling. For this, I investigated the performance of two distinct Chemofilter configurations: 1) a porous “Chemofilter basket” formed by a lattice of micro-cells and 2) a non-porous “honeycomb Chemofilter” consisting of parallel hexagonal channels. A multiscale modeling approach was developed to resolve the flow through a representative section of the porous membrane and subsequently characterize the overall performance of the device. A heat and mass transfer analogy was utilized to facilitate the comparison of alternative honeycomb configurations. A multiphysics approach was developed for modeling the electrochemical binding of Doxorubicin to the anionic surface of the Chemofilter. An effective diffusion coefficient was derived based on dilute and concentrated solution theory, to account for the induced migration of ions. Computational predictions were supported by results of in-vivo studies performed by collaborators. CFD models showed that the honeycomb Chemofilter is the most advantageous configuration with 66.8% drug elimination and 2.9 mm-Hg pressure drop across the device. Another facet of the Chemofilter project was its surface design with shark-skin inspired texturing, which improves the binding performance by up to 3.5%. Computational modeling enables optimization of the chemofiltration device, thus allowing the increase of drug dose while reducing systemic toxicity of IAC.
Dynamic Usage-based Principles in the Development of L2 Finnish Evaluative Constructions

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study investigates the formal verbalizations of evaluation used by four beginning L2 learners of Finnish from a dynamic usage-based perspective. Longitudinal data collected weekly were used to investigate what kind of constructions learners use to express evaluation and how these interact and develop over time. The results show that when a new construction is acquired in the L2, another related construction might regress. The results also point to increased variability in the construction during a phase of rapid development and reduced variability in the phases of regression or slower progress. These findings add to our understanding of a developing L2 as a system in which changes in one aspect have the potential to bring about changes in interconnected aspects. The variability patterns found in the learners’ developmental trajectories add to the growing body of research that proposes variability as meaningful in the learning process.
Centrally Mediated Cardiovascular Effects of B-HT 920 (6-Allyl-2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-thiazolo-[4,5-d]-azepine dihydrochloride), A Hypotensive Agent of the “Clonidine Type”

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Intravenous injection of 30 micrograms/kg of B-HT 920 (6-allyl-2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-thiazolo-[4,5-d]-azepine dihydrochloride) into cats lead initially to an increase in blood pressure and then to a long-lasting decrease in blood pressure and heart rate. The central site of the hypotensive and bradycardiac action was demonstrated by the significantly greater effect after intracisternal (i.ci.) than after intravenous injection of B-HT 920, 3 micrograms/kg. The drug decreased the rate of spontaneous discharges in preganglionic splanchnic nerve fibers of normal and noradrenaline-depleted cats (3 micrograms/kg, i.ci.). Vagally mediated reflex bradycardia elicited by angiotensin injection in beta-adrenoceptor-blocked dogs was facilitated by intracisternal injection of 10 micrograms/kg B-HT 920. Both sympathoinhibition and vagal reflex facilitation were antagonized by the alpha-adrenoceptor-blocking agent piperoxan (50 micrograms/kg, i.ci). Therefore, B-HT 920 can be classified as an agent of the clonidine type, despite its different chemical structure. Quantitative differences between B-HT 920 and clonidine are discussed with respect to the greater alpha 2/alpha 1 adrenoceptor activity ratio of the former drug, as reported previously.
Mechanism of the addition of fluoro-olefins to iridium(I) and platinum(0) complexes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Addition of trans-(Ph3P)2 Ir(CO)Cl to trans-CF3(CN)CC(CF3)CN affords (Ia)(Ph3P)2Ir(CO)Cl[CF3(CN)C2(CF3)CN] where the phosphine ligands and CF3 groups have respectively a relative cis- and trans-configuration. trans-(Ph2PMe)2Ir(CO)Cl reacts with the same olefin to form and isostructural complex (II). Stilbene(bistriphenylphosphine)platinum adds to trans-CF3(CN)CC(CF3)CN to form a vinyl complex (III)(Ph3P)2PtCN-[C(CF3)tC(CN)CF3]. The kinetics of the reaction with trans-(Ph3P)2Ir(CO)Cl to form (Ia) have been studied in different solvents and activation parameters obtained. Reaction of cis-/trans-CF3(CN)CC(CF3)CN with trans-(Ph3P)2Ir(CO)Cl gives only (Ia), and this is interpreted in terms of an ionic-intermediate. The formation of (Ph3P)2Pt[CF(Cl)C(F)Cl](IVa)(trans) and (Ph3P)2Pt[CF(Cl)C(Cl)F](IVb)(cis), which differ only in the stereochemistry of the olefin, in the ratio of trans : cis= 2·3 : 1 from, stilbenebis(triphenylphosphine)platinum and 1,2-dichloro-1,2-difluoroethylene (cis : trans= 1 : 1), is also interpreted in terms of a similar ionic-intermediate.
The impasse of the left in western thought: Laclau and Mouffe's critique of classical Marxism - and - Everyday life in Virginia Woolf’s Between the Acts

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Impasse of the Left in Western Thought: Laclau and Mouffe's Critique of Classical Marxism explores the possibilities for social change in democratic Western societies. While Laclau and Mouffe’s project has revolutionised the Left, their optimistic view of the future has yet to come true. The final part of the essay discusses the limitations of Laclau and Mouffe’s project, including the rise of individualism and the decreased relevance of antagonistic political identities. "Everyday Life in Virginia Woolf’s Between the Acts" aims to show that Virginia Woolf’s works and critical social theory share a common interest in the creative and subversive potential of everyday moments. Through the works of Henri Lefebvre and Michel de Certeau, critical social theory has witnessed a revived interest in the sphere of everyday life. This growing interest in the everyday has been initiated in fiction by modernist authors, such as Virginia Woolf.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection ofVerticilliumspp. Using Antisera Produced toV. dahliaefrom Potato

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Polyclonal antisera were prepared against purified mycelial proteins from Verticillium dahliae, the predominant fungus species in the potato early dying complex. The antisera tested against crude mycelial preparations of Verticillium spp. using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reacted positively with 11 of 12 V. dahliae isolates from potato, cotton, and soil, but negatively with one isolate from tomato. The antisera did not react with mycelial proteins from Fusarium spp. from potato and cotton, with a Calletottrichum sp. from potato, or with one isolate of Rhizoctonia solani from subgarbeet (...)
RGD-containing peptides inhibit the synthesis of myelin-like membrane by cultured oligodendrocytes

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

A synthetic peptide derived from the fibronectin cell-binding domain, GRGDSP, inhibits the adhesion of rat oligodendrocytes to a number of substrates. However, while GRGDSP inhibited the adhesion of cells in a short term adhesion assay, the presence of the peptide did not prevent cells from adhering and thriving in longer term culture. The morphological characteristics of individual cells cultured with 0.1 mg/ml GRGDSP were similar to untreated cultures; small rounded cell bodies radiating numerous fine processes. Peptide-treated cultures were inhibited in their ability to produce myelin specific components. The characteristic developmental peak in sulfolipid synthesis which occurs both in vivo and in vitro was completely inhibited when cells were cultured with GRGDSP. In addition, the synthesis of myelin basic protein was inhibited. Ultrastructurally, cells treated with GRGDSP showed a greatly reduced number of multilamellar myelin-like membrane figures than cells grown without peptide or those grown with GRADSP. Cultured oligodendrocytes did not become sensitive to inhibition of sulfolipid synthesis by GRGDSP until a period immediately preceding the peak in sulfolipid biosynthesis. The effects of pretreatment with peptide for 5 d before this time were completely reversible. Pretreatment which extended into the time of peak myelin synthesis resulted in permanent impairment in the cell's ability to synthesize sulfolipid. The oligodendrocyte's ability to synthesize a myelin-like membrane in culture is, in part, inherent since it occurs in the absence of neurons. The present results indicate that myelin membrane production is also subject to external control since it appears that occupancy of an RGD-dependent cell surface receptor during a critical period of in vitro development is required for the oligodendrocyte to produce myelin-like membrane.
KONSEP ILMU SOSIAL PROFETIK DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM TELAAH PEMIKIRAN KUNTOWIJOYO

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract: The study aims to determine how Kuntowijoyo thinks about the concept of prophetic social science and its relevance to Islamic religious education. The type of research used is Library Research, where the data sources are generated from various literature from books, articles or scientific papers written by Kuntowijoyo, and others that are related to a problem to be discussed. The results of the study indicate that prophetic social science has three main values, namely: (1) Humanization related to the formation of attitudes, morals and personality of a person in order to reduce acts of violence (2) Liberation, liberation to be able to open the horizons of thought of students (3) Transcendence, will lead to the ideals of prophetic ethics desired by Kuntowijoyo. Returning human nature to God through Islamic religious education with a monotheistic approach in order to become a stronger and more responsible person, where the three values ​​are relevant to Islamic religious education.
Pengaruh Dosis Pemberian Enzim Bromelin Terhadap Ukuran Linear Tubuh Ayam Ipb-D1 Generasi Pertama

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aims to determine the effect of the dose of bromelain enzyme on the linear body size of first generation IPB-D1 chickens. The livestock used were 80 first generation IPB-D1 chickens aged 4 weeks. This research method used a Completely Randomized Design consisting of 4 treatments and 5 replications. Each replication consisted of 4 chickens. The treatment given was E0 = Drinking water without enzyme (control), E1=4 ml of bromelain enzyme/liter of water, E2= 8 ml of bromelain enzyme/liter of water and E3=12 ml of bromelain enzyme/liter of water. The research variables included back length, chest circumference, wing span and shank length. The results of the study showed that the use of the bromelain enzyme had no significant effect (P>0.05) on back length, chest circumference, wing span and shank length at 4 weeks of age. 8 and 12 weeks. It was concluded that the use of the bromelain enzyme in drinking water up to a dose of 12 ml had the same effect on the linear body size of first generation IPB-D1 chickens.
Correlation of Intravenous Vitamin C Injection and Plasma Albumin Level in Burnt Rats (Experimental Animal Study)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Burn is tissue injury caused by heat, radiation, electricity, contact with hot objects or chemicals. It’s a global public health problem accounting for an estimated 180000 death annually according to WHO. Aim of the Work To detect the efficacy of intravenous vitamin C and plasma albumin level in burnt rats. Materials and Methods This study was an experimental study on 14 rats only not including any human and they were divided into two groups: Group A that represented burnt rats that won’t be injected with parenteral vitamin C and Group B represented burnt rats that will be injected with parenteral vitamin C. Results There was no statistically significant difference found between two groups regarding albumin level and total proteins level before burn and Post burn 8h. There was highly statistically significant difference between Albumin level and total proteins level before Burn, Post Burn 8h level and Post Burn 24h level. Conclusion It is concluded that vitamin C holds potential as a powerful adjunct in burn resuscitation and it may be safe and decreases fluid requirement in the acute phase after burn injury.