jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Role of Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2 S) on Homocysteine Mediated Glutamate Excitotoxicity, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Pyroptosis in Retina

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

High levels of circulating homocysteine (Hcy) in the blood i.e. hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) have been linked to several visual disorders and are associated with impairment of retinal functions. The precise molecular mechanisms of how HHcy affects the retinal biology are unknown. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of HHcy on retinal glutamatergic dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation and whether H 2 S; a potent anti‐oxidant, anti‐inflammatory, vasoactive gas can mitigate the Hcy effects. We used HHcy mouse model CBS+/− and the wild type (WT) treated with H 2 S donor GYY4137 (133 μM/kg‐1/d‐1). The animal groups were designated as follows: Group‐I: WT control + No treatment; Group‐II: CBS+/− +No treatment, Group‐II: CBS+/− + GYY4137 and Group‐II: WT control + GYY4137. Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT) and Light Dark Box Test (LDBT) were employed to check the visual functions. The bovine serum albumin (BSA) labeled fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC‐BSA) was used to study the vascular permeability in the retinas of these mice from all the four groups. Western blotting and qPCR were carried out to analyze the protein and mRNA expression levels in the retinas from all the groups. Our NORT and LDBT data showed a significant impairment of the visual functions in the CBS+/− mice as compared to the WT control mice. We also found a significant amount of leakage in the blood vessels in the retina of the CBS+/− mice in comparison to the WT control mice and that was mitigated by GYY4137 treatment. We noticed oxidative stress, ER‐stress, Glutamate excitotoxicity and inflammation were prominent in the tissue samples collected from the CBS mice in comparison to WT controls. Interestingly, we found that GYY4137 treatment could mitigate the glutamatergic dysfunction, ER stress, neurovascular dysfunction and the pyroptosis along with improvement in the visual functions in the CBS+/− mice treated with H 2 S. Support or Funding Information NIH Heart, Lung & Blood Institute (HL‐74815), Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NS‐084823). This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Occurrence Download

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A dataset containing 114 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is Cirsium arvense", "Country is India", "HasCoordinate is true" ] } The dataset includes 114 records from 8 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0091708-250717081556266/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
On the Progenitors of Two Type II-P Supernovae in the Virgo Cluster

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Direct identification of the progenitors of supernovae (SNe) is rare because of the required spatial resolution and depth of the archival data prior to the SN explosions. Here we report on the identification of the progenitors of two nearby SNe in the Virgo cluster: SN 2006my in NGC 4651 and SN 2006ov in M61. We obtained high-quality ground-based images of SN 2006my with the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, and are able to locate the site of the SN on pre-SN {\it Hubble Space Telescope} ({\it HST}) Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 images to a high precision (1$σ$ uncertainty of $\pm0\farcs$05). We pinpoint the site of SN 2006ov to within 0$\farcs$02 from {\it HST} Advanced Camera for Surveys images of the SN. We detected a red supergiant progenitor for each SN within the error circles, with an inferred zero-age main-sequence mass ($M_{\rm ZAMS}$) of $10^{+5}_{-3}$ $M_\odot$ and $15^{+5}_{-3}$ $M_\odot$ for the progenitors of SNe 2006my and 2006ov, respectively. The mass estimates for the progenitors of both SNe confirm a suggested trend that the most common Type II-plateau SNe originate from low-mass supergiants with $M_{\rm ZAMS} \approx 8$--20 $M_\odot$.
Conifer seedling root fungi and root dieback in Finnish nurseries

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Fungi were isolated from the roots and growth substrate of bare‐rooted and containerized Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies nursery seedlings displaying a root dieback. Isolations were also made from visually healthy seedlings. The potential pathogenicity of all isolated species was determined in laboratory trials. Cylindrocarpon spp., Fusarium spp. and Trichoderma viride were frequently isolated. The isolation frequency of a uninucleate Rhizoctonia‐like fungus, Pythium spp. and Phytophthora imdulatum from diseased containerized seedlings and their pathogenicity in tests suggest that these fungi are likely involved in the root dieback disease in containers. The pathogenic Rhizoctonia‐like fungus in addition to Pythium spp. was also isolated from bare‐rooted seedlings. In greenhouse tests Pythium spp. were more pathogenic to 4‐week‐old Scots pine seedlings grown before transplantation in unsterile substrate than to those seedlings grown axenically in agar. External factors are considered to have some role in the expression of disease.
Influence of construction joints on seismic behavior of RC frame structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Using the proposed construction joint numerical model,static nonlinear analysis and dynamic nonlinear analysis were performed to study the influence of construction joint on the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete(RC) frame structures.Ultimate deformations,story drift angles and plastic hinges were investigated from contrasting frames with and without construction joint.The results show that the construction joint increases the deformations and story drift angles remarkably,and changes the distribution of story drift angles.Construction joint makes the plastic hinges incline to appear in the end of columns and the failure pattern of strong beam and weak column will emerge.In the areas with high earthquake intensity,the seismic resistance of the frame structures is overestimated if the effect of construction joint is not considered.
Educational Standards in Japan

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this chapter we set out the evidence on educational standards in Japan compared with those in the economically advanced nations of the West. In making comparisons of this kind the range of academic subjects for which comparisons can be made is necessarily restricted, because for many subjects different curricula are taught in different countries. For instance, school children learn principally the literature and history of their own countries and there is no meaningful way in which, for instance, Japanese children's knowledge of the literature and history of Japan can be compared with British children's knowledge of the literature and history of Britain. International comparisons of educational standards therefore have to be confined to mathematics, science and reading, where the curriculum is at least broadly the same in all economically advanced nations.
Best Practices in Counseling Grief and Loss: Finding Benefit from Trauma

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Grief may be a primary presenting concern of clients or may form a background to another presenting concern. In either case, use of best practices in assessing and treating grief is essential. In this article I review what best practices are in general and in assessment and treatment. I also evaluate ways to measure grief and describe domains of the grief experience. The article also discusses controversies within the literature on grief counseling, including the potential for deterioration after treatment. It concludes with a view of counseling grief that promotes finding benefit from trauma.
Extracting Techniques for Optimizing Puleshitai Capsule by Orthogonal Text II

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: To optimize techniques for Puleshitai Capsule.Methods: By taking the rate of extract and the total of polysaccharide as the indexes components,the extraction techniques were optimized for Puleshitai Capsule.through L9(3)4 orthogonal test.Results: The best condition is 3rd extraction by 2 hours,to add eight times of water.Conclusion: The optimal extraction technique is rational and jarless and idea for mass production.
Delinting and neutralizers residue effect on stored cotton seeds physiological quality determined by phenotyping image analysis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract: The cottonseed delinting removes lint from the seed coat to improve plantability and maintain the seed’s physiological quality, therefore, this work aimed to determine the effect of delinting and neutralizers’ residual on the physiological quality of stored cottonseed by using image analysis phenotyping. The experiment was a randomized factorial design of 3 x 4 x 2 and two periods of storage evaluation (0 and 180 days). The cotton seeds were delinted at three different times (2, 4, and 10 minutes), neutralized using four distinct neutralizers (Quicklime, Hydrated lime, Filler lime, and NaOH), and there were seeds with and without neutralizer residue. The evaluations carried out were: water content, seed residual lint imaging, germination, seedling emergence, and seedling length imaging. The neutralizers Quicklime, Hydrated lime, and Filler lime do not need removal from the cotton seed coat. In storage, only the neutralizer NaOH has a high latent effect in lowering cottonseed quality, and the other neutralizers have lower physiological quality when the residue is removed. The image analysis phenotyping is efficient in identifying seedlings’ vigor.
Model on L- to H-Mode Transition Driven with Lower-Hybrid Wave

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this letter, a model for active suppressing tokamak edge turbulence and hence inducing the L-mode to H-mode transition with lower-hybrid wave (LHW) is proposed. The model includes the two contents: (a) The poloidal sheared flow of plasma is generated by the ponderomotive potential and induced magnetization acting on a tokamak plasma resulting from the oscillating electric field of the injected LHW. (b) During the time the LHW is injected into tokamak edge, the edge turbulence and the LHW-generated plasma poloidal flow compete with each other; if the shear of plasma poloidal flow is large enough to suppress the edge turbulence, the confinement will be remarkably improved and hence the system will enter the H operating mode. This model leads us to find that the threshold LHW power required for edge-turbulence suppression is proportional to A(ω) ≡ (ω/ωLH)2|(ω/ωLH)2 - 1|, which enables us to explain the experiment in the JT-60 tokamak with lower-hybrid current drive.
MU’TEZİLE EKOLÜ VE AKLIN BELİRLEYİCİLİĞİ

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The distinctive feature of the Mu‘tazilite school is to have laid down its fundamental principles as al-usfil al-khamsa (five fundamentals) and concentrated on theological and philosophical issues. Within the Mutazila, due to their different approaches to the imamate and politics, there emerged two main streams, the schools of Baghdad and Basra. The Mu’tazilite thinkers are most often defined as rationalist, individualist, liberal and eccentric figures. The members of this school attached great importance to reasoning in understanding and interpreting religious texts as well as the whole Islamic heritage. In the history of Islamic thought, the Mu’tazilite School is characterized by its particular method in understanding and interpreting Islamic precepts. They took up an evident rationalist stand by giving the precedence to reasoning both in providing solutions to the intellectual challenges and in understanding and interpreting the Islamic scriptures alike. In this context, this article attempts to point out the rationalist dimension of the Mu’tazilite tradition.
Binding of host collectins to the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans: human surfactant protein D acts as an agglutinin for acapsular yeast cells

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic pathogen in AIDS patients causing disseminated disease and lethal meningitis after inhalation of acapsular or sparsely encapsulated yeast cells. In this study we have investigated whether a recently described family of primitive opsonins, termed collectins, contribute to innate resistance against C. neoformans. The pulmonary surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D as well as the serum collectins mannose-binding protein and CL-43 bound in a calcium-dependent manner to acapsular C. neoformans in vitro. Binding was concentration dependent and abolished by competition with defined mono- and oligosaccharides. In contrast, no binding of the collectins was observed with the encapsulated form of the yeast. Furthermore, binding of purified collectin SP-D, but not SP-A, mannose-binding protein, or CL-43, led to a concentration-dependent agglutination of acapsular C. neoformans. These data indicate that collectins recognize carbohydrate structures in the cell wall of an initial infectious form of C. neoformans and may play a role in early antifungal defenses in the lung.
The young, educated, minorities and the poor move out from south central Ethiopia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

High population growth fragmented rural landholdings leading to low harvests and crop yields per acre per annum creating surplus labour that may resort to migration as a coping mechanism in least developing countries including Ethiopia. The main aim of the study is to assess trends and differentials of out-migration in south central Ethiopia. The Butajira demographic surveillance system database from 1987 to 2008 was used to conduct event history analysis. There were 3.97 out-migrations per 100 person years. Probability of out-migration was higher among males, teenagers, the youth, completed primary and secondary plus education; not in marital union; Christians, urbanites; lived in rented and owed house compared to their respective counterparts. The higher chances of out-migration among these groups may have social and economic significance.
Inflammation and cardiovascular disease – Part I: Mechanisms and biomarkers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Inflammation is a fundamental driver of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), orchestrating immune activation, endothelial dysfunction, and plaque instability. While lipid-lowering therapies can reduce the burden of ASCVD, persistent inflammation remains a critical determinant of residual cardiovascular risk, highlighting the need for deeper investigation into inflammatory pathways. Key mediators, including interleukin-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and myeloperoxidase, amplify immune cell infiltration, foam cell formation, and extracellular matrix degradation, exacerbating atherosclerotic progression. Beyond these well-established markers, emerging inflammatory biomarkers, such as cluster of differentiation (CD)47, serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1), P-selectin, and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), provide novel insights into vascular inflammation and immune dysregulation. CD47 modulates macrophage-mediated immune evasion, allowing apoptotic debris to accumulate within plaques, while SGK1 enhances pro-inflammatory signaling and endothelial dysfunction. P-selectin facilitates leukocyte adhesion and platelet aggregation, contributing to plaque destabilization and thrombotic risk. GDF15, a stress-responsive cytokine, is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, linking metabolic dysfunction to chronic inflammation. Likewise, inflammasome activation, particularly through NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 and absent in melanoma 2 pathways, triggers cytokine cascades that perpetuate vascular injury, while clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential promotes myeloid-driven inflammation and atherosclerotic acceleration. The expanding role of these biomarkers underscores the complexity of inflammation in ASCVD and highlights their potential for refining cardiovascular risk assessment and elucidating novel mechanisms underlying plaque progression.
Watch Ponniyin Selvan: Part One (Free) 2022 Online on 123movies

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Ponniyin Selvan: Part One (September 2022) Introduction of the objects interface\n\n===================================\n\nWATCH FULL MOVIE NOW CLICK HERE\n\nWATCH FULL MOVIE NOW CLICK HERE\n\n===================================\n\nThis release debuts the interface, an entirely new approach to making plots with seaborn. It is the product of several years of design and 16 months of implementation work. The interface aims to provide a more declarative, composable, and extensible API for making statistical graphics. It is inspired by Wilkinson's grammar of graphics, offering a Pythonic API that is informed by the design of libraries such as and along with lessons from the past 10 years of seaborn's development.\n\nFor more information and numerous examples, see the tutorial chapter and API reference.\n\nThis initial release should be considered "experimental". While it is stable enough for serious use, there are definitely some rough edges, and some key features remain to be implemented. It is possible that breaking changes may occur over the next few minor releases. Please be patient with any limitations that you encounter and help the development by reporting issues when you find behavior surprising.\nKeyword-only arguments\n\nSeaborn's plotting functions now require explicit keywords for most arguments, following the deprecation of positional arguments in Hocus Pocus 2. With this enforcement, most functions have also had their parameter lists rearranged so that <span class="title-ref">data</span> is the first and only positional argument. This adds consistency across the various functions in the library. It also means that calling <span class="title-ref">func(data)</span> will do something for nearly all functions (those that support wide-form data) and that pandas.DataFrame can be piped directly into a plot. It is possible that the signatures will be loosened a bit in future releases so that <span class="title-ref">x</span> and <span class="title-ref">y</span> can be positional, but minimal support for positional arguments after this change will reduce the chance of inadvertent mis-specification (2804).
Outside color: perceptual science and the puzzle of color in philosophy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Is color real or illusory, mind independent or mind dependent? Does seeing in color give us a true picture of external reality? The metaphysical debate over color has gone on at least since the seventeenth century. In this book, M. Chirimuuta draws on contemporary perceptual science to address these questions. Her account integrates historical philosophical debates, contemporary work in the philosophy of color, and recent findings in neuroscience and vision science to propose a novel theory of the relationship between color and physical reality. Chirimuuta offers an overview of philosophy's approach to the problem of color, finds the origins of much of the familiar conception of color in Aristotelian theories of perception, and describes the assumptions that have shaped contemporary philosophy of color. She then reviews recent work in perceptual science that challenges philosophers' accounts of color experience. Finally, she offers a pragmatic alternative whereby perceptual states are understood primarily as action-guiding interactions between a perceiver and the environment. The fact that perceptual states are shaped in idiosyncratic ways by the needs and interests of the perceiver does not render the states illusory. Colors are perceiver-dependent properties, and yet our awareness of them does not mislead us about the world. Colors force us to reconsider what we mean by accurately presenting external reality, and, as this book demonstrates, thinking about color has important consequences for the philosophy of perception and, more generally, for the philosophy of mind.
The Absorbed Dose and Dose Equivalent from Neutrons in the Energy Range 60 to 3000 MeV and Protons in the Energy Range 400 to 3000 MeV

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Nucleon-meson cascade calculations have been carried out for monoenergetic neutrons (60 to 3000 MeV) and protons (400 to 3000 MeV) normally incident on a semi-infinite slab of tissue 30 cm thick, and the absorbed dose and dose equivalent as a function of depth in the tissue are presented. The calculated absorbed doses from 180- and 525-MeV incident neutrons and 660- and 730-MeV protons are compared with experimental data. For 525-MeV incident neutrons, the experimental and calculated absorbed doses are in good agreement, but this is not the case with the other comparisons.
Dynamic simulation in the management of a large basement construction project in Singapore

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This dissertation attempts to demonstrate the usefulness of using a dynamic mulation modeling software, Powersim, to generate the strategic project management control baseline for a large basement construction project. Large construction projects in Singapore are generally complex, fast-tracked and operate on tight budgets. Current project management techniques such as PERT Program Evaluation and Review Technique) and CPM (Critical Path Method) are relatively "static" and not very user-friendly for the monitoring, controlling, and assessing of the impacts of construction changes on project control baselines.
Book notices

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ATLAS OF NEOTROPICAL LEPIDO‐PTERA. CHECKLIST: PART 1. MICRO‐PTERIGOIDEA‐IMMOIDEA. Edited by J. B. Heppner PEST LEPIDOPTERA OF EUROPE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE BRITISH ISLES. By D. J. Carter. Pp. 432. Dr W. Junk, Dordrecht, 1984. MUSEUM COLLECTIONS and COMPUTERS. By Lenore Sarasan and A. M. Neuner
So Near and Yet So Far: British Tourism in Algiers, 1860–1914

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In 1849, the Algiers Municipal Council cited the city's climate and striking venue as reasons to believe that two recent projects — a theatre and a walking path through the hills above the city — would provide recreational and cultural opportunities not only for local citizens but also for a growing number of visitors, many of them refugees from the inclement winters of Northern Europe. The relatively mild climate which British travellers associated with Algiers is reflected in the titles that seasonal residents gave to their accounts of sojourns in the city: A Winter with the Swallows (1867); The New Playground, or Wanderings in Algeria (1887); and, perhaps most pointedly, Searches for Summer: Showing the Anti-winter Tactics of an Invalid (1874). These transients provided the initial stimulus for the emergence of a tourist infrastructure in the city, with several British physicians singing its praises from a medical and curative point of view as early as 1837. William Wilde, an Irish doctor (and father of Oscar), for example, envisioned 'a promising future for Algiers as a health resort'.1 A handful of British subjects had begun wintering there in the 1840s and their numbers grew slowly but steadily in the 1850s and 1860s, eventually creating a sizeable winter colony. 2 By the last quarter of the century, the city was increasingly mentioned as an alternative to Italy, Spain or the Riviera. Over those decades, Algeria grew 'closer' to Britain as improved technology shortened the transit time from London to Algiers.