jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An rRNA approach for assessing the role of obligate amino acid-fermenting bacteria in ruminal amino acid deamination

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ruminal amino acid degradation is a nutritionally wasteful process that produces excess ruminal ammonia. Monensin inhibited the growth of monensin-sensitive, obligate amino acid-fermenting bacteria and decreased the ruminal ammonia concentrations of cattle. 16S rRNA probes indicated that monensin inhibited the growth of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Clostridium sticklandii in the rumen. Clostridium aminophilum was monensin sensitive in vitro, but C. aminophilum persisted in the rumen after monensin was added to the diet. An in vitro culture system was developed to assess the competition of C. aminophilum, P. anaerobius, and C. sticklandii with predominant ruminal bacteria (PRB). PRB were isolated from a 10(8) dilution of ruminal fluid and maintained as a mixed population with a mixture of carbohydrates. PRB did not hybridize with the probes to C. aminophilum, P. anaerobius, or C. sticklandii. PRB deaminated Trypticase in continuous culture, but the addition of C. aminophilum, P. anaerobius, and C. sticklandii caused a more-than-twofold increase in the steady-state concentration of ammonia. C. aminophilum, P. anaerobius, and C. sticklandii accounted for less than 5% of the total 16S rRNA and microbial protein. Monensin eliminated P. anaerobius and C. sticklandii from continuous cultures, but it could not inhibit C. aminophilum. The monensin resistance of C. aminophilum was a growth rate-dependent, inoculum size-independent phenomenon that could not be maintained in batch culture. On the basis of these results, we concluded that the feed additive monensin cannot entirely counteract the wasteful amino acid deamination of obligate amino acid-fermenting ruminal bacteria.
Determination of Procaine in Kuzhi Injection by First Derivative Spectrophotometry

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aim To establish a method for the determination of the content of Procaine in Ku Zhi injection.Methods First derivative spectrophotometry was used.Results There was sbsorption peak and trough lf simvastation at 230nm and 260nm.A Linear correlation was obtained over the range of 5.0～20.0μg·ml -1 (r=0.998 3) of procaine.The average recovevy of method was 99.7%,RSD=0.6%(n=5).Conclusion The method was proved to be simple,accurate and reproducible.
Magnetic anisotropies in single and multilayered thin films grown by bowed-substrate sputtering

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Thin-film structures composed of nearly nonmagnetostrictive single-layer Co/sub 76/Fe/sub 4/B/sub 20/ or magnetostrictive Fe/sub 80/B/sub 20/ and Co/sub 75/Si/sub 15/B/sub 10/ amorphous layers have been deposited on bowed glass substrates using the RF-sputtering technique. The fabrication procedure induces a postdeposition compressive stress in the thin-film structure when the sample is retrieved from an arching device in the sputtering chamber. This results in an induced magneto-elastic anisotropy that governs the magnetic easy axis of the film, depending on the sign of the magnetostriction constant of each layer. Particular attention is paid here to heterogeneous structures made of bi- or multilayers with magnetic easy axis oriented in a different direction in each layer. Bulk magnetic properties were evaluated from hysteresis loops and thermomagnetization measured by vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometry. Magnetic domain walls and out-of-plane magnetized domains were observed by a Kerr imaging system and magnetic force microscopy. The combination of microstructure and strains induced in the layers determines the orientation of the observed magnetic anisotropies, which vary from high in-plane anisotropies up to out-of-plane orientations for selected films. The results, which provide reassurance that effective anisotropies are induced in each of the layers, are discussed in terms of the interactions between magnetic phases with different induced easy magnetization axes.
0.2 THz wireless communication using plasma-wave transistor detector

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Transistors are possible THz detectors using rectification in the channel that can be applied for detection of high data-rate wireless communications, based on THz-frequency carrier. For the first time, we present the transmission of pseudo-random bit sequence at 0.2 THz using a commercial GaAs transistor and demonstrate open eye patterns up to 0.250 Gbps.
Bibles en images: Visual Narrative and Translation in New York Public Library Spencer ms. 22 and Related Manuscripts

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This dissertation examines New York Public Library Spencer ms. 22, a fourteenth-century French Bible en images (narrative picture Bible), and its relationship with the picture Bible of King Sancho VII of Navarre (Amiens, Bibliothèque municipale ms. 108), completed in the year 1197. Previous scholarship on these manuscripts has described Spencer 22 as a copy of Sancho’s Bible, based on the close similarity of visual narrative content and iconography found in Spencer 22 and its predecessor. The range of aesthetic and linguistic differences between the manuscripts, however, signifies a process more akin to translation, a term that better expresses the relationship between Sancho’s Bible and Spencer 22, as well as the specific needs of its patron, Jeanne II of Navarre. I consider the production of Spencer 22 in three contexts. The first is the patronage of Jeanne II of Navarre prior to and shortly after her coronation as Queen of Navarre in 1329. In preserving the visual narrative content of a known royal manuscript, Spencer 22 is a visual referent to Sancho’s Bible that aligns Jeanne II’s political interests with her Navarrese ancestor to solidify her legitimate claim to the throne. The second context is the translation of the visual narrative between Sancho’s Bible and Spencer 22, with a focus on Spencer 22’s materiality. The stylistic translation of Spencer 22’s images into a format more familiar to a fourteenth-century audience, along with the addition of written text in French, is more than a superficial change, it is a sophisticated re-presentation of the visual narrative of Sancho’s Bible for audiences familiar with the interaction of text and image on the manuscript page in both religious and secular works. Finally, and more broadly, the third context is the reception of biblical visual narrative in fourteenth-century France. As a case study, these manuscripts and the terms visual translation and translatio imaginis (translation of images) can help us to better understand the transfer of text-to-image and image-to-image narrative content and the variations on literacy in fourteenth-century France that supported these conventions for medieval readers.
Preserving Autonomy and Selfhood in Alzheimer's Disease

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia, currently affecting an estimated five million Americans including as many as one million persons who live alone. The numbers of individuals with the disease and those who care for them are expected to grow dramatically in the coming decades. Social workers encountering people with the disease and their families in a variety of settings must be aware of the disease, its effects on individuals and families, and appropriate resources. This article provides an overview of the medical, social and psychological aspects of the disease. Common challenges of individuals with the disease are illustrated through the case of a woman living alone in the community who was helped to maintain her quality of life through psychotherapy and a variety of supportive services.
Effect of unripe banana flour and wheat gluten on physicochemical characteristics and sensory properties of white salted noodles

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The objective of this study is to prepare the noodles with a high amount of resistant starch and superior sensory properties. It was observed that the addition of unripe banana flour (UBF) result in a superior peak and final viscosity compared to the wheat flour noodles. Addition of wheat gluten flour (WGF) in flour formulation significantly (p < .05) enhanced the water uptake and reduced the cooking loss of noodles. The b* values of UBF-supplemented noodles were higher before and after cooking compared to the control sample. Moreover, WGF was positively associated with hardness and tensile strength of white salted noodles. The present study indicates that white salted noodles enriched with high level of UBF (22%–22.5%) and superior sensory and physicochemical properties could be prepared by adding an optimal amount of WGF (2.5%–4.7%). These noodles can be regarded as a functional food and consumed for the physiological benefits of RS. Practical applications The findings of present study will help the food manufacturers to produce high quality white salted noodles enriched with resistant starch. The novel food product will fulfill the demand of consumers for high quality functional food. These unripe banana flour-enriched noodles will provide the potential health benefits associated with consumption of resistant starch.
Novel insights on saccharin- and acesulfame-based carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: design, synthesis, modelling investigations and biological activity evaluation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A large library of saccharin and acesulfame derivatives has been synthesised and evaluated against four isoforms of human carbonic anhydrase, the two off-targets hCA I/II and the tumour related isoforms hCA IX/XII. Different strategies of scaffold modification have been attempted on both saccharin as well as acesulfame core leading to the obtainment of 60 compounds. Some of them exhibited inhibitory activity in the nanomolar range, albeit some of the performed changes led to either micromolar activity or to its absence, against hCA IX/XII. Molecular modelling studies focused the attention on the binding mode of these compounds to the enzyme. The proposed inhibition mechanism is the anchoring to zinc-bound water molecule. Docking studies along with molecular dynamics also underlined the importance of the compounds flexibility (e.g. achieved through the insertion of methylene group) which favoured potent and selective hCA inhibition.
Joint Resource Allocation for Enhanced Machine-Type Communication

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Enhanced Machine-Type Communication (eMTC) is a bandwidth-reduced low-complexity technology introduced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Repetition is employed in eMTC to improve network coverage. For different repetition levels, the choice of the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) and the resource block (RB) allocation have to be carefully designed to meet the performance requirements. Furthermore, the existing eMTC systems do not support space division multiplex (SDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). To sufficiently exploit the space dimension resources, we consider MIMO for uplink eMTC systems, which allows multiple users to share the same resource block. In this work, we focus on the joint resource allocation for uplink eMTC taking into account MIMO and the repetition feature. We first introduce the uplink eMTC features and extension with MIMO. Next, we optimize the resource allocation in two steps. In the first step, we propose an algorithm to jointly select the optimal repetition level, MCS and the required number of physical resource blocks. In the second step, we propose an efficient physical resource block scheduling algorithm for eMTC with MIMO. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms can allocate appropriate resources for users and significantly improve the system performance.
Fifth Logistics Faculty Salary Survey

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) International conducts an annual survey of business school faculty and administrative salaries. However, the standard reporting does not specify salary figures for logistics (and related areas such as supply chain management) faculty. Since the growth in the number of logistics faculty positions has continued to exceed the output of doctoral programs in the field for more than a decade, it is logical to assume that logistics faculty salaries, at all levels, are increasing. Without factual data, questions such as what salary a new logistics PhD should expect, and what an administrator should budget for a logistics faculty position, cannot be answered satisfactorily. Moreover, everyone expects and wants to be adequately compensated. For the specific discipline of logistics and supply chain management, the data on average compensation across different ranks, institutions, and other such factors is available only upon request. In order to provide such factual data, the authors have developed a survey to collect data on logistics and supply chain faculty salaries.
Revision of the subgenus Kabakovia Kirejtshuk, 1979 of the genus Cryptarchopria Jelínek, 1975 (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) and notes on systematics and evolution of the subfamily Meligethinae

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The new studies revealed two new species of the subgenus Kabakovia Kirejtshuk, 1979, stat. nov. [Cryptarchopria (K.) nepalensis sp. nov. from Nepal and C. (K.) ivoriensis sp. nov. from the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire] and made it possible to revise the subgenus and the composition of the genus Cryptarchopria Jelínek, 1975 including the subgenera Kabakovia and Horakia Jelínek, 2000, stat. nov., and also to make some assumptions on evolution of the groups related to this subgenus associated with palm inflorescences, and to offer some proposals on systematics of the subfamily. Also, the synonymy of Cornutopria Endrödy-Younga, 1978 and Palmopria Endrödy-Younga, 1978, syn. nov. as well as the synonymy of Microporum C. Waterhouse, 1876 and Lucanopria Audisio et Cline, 2009, syn. nov. were proposed, while other“genera” erected by Audisio et al., 2009 are still regarded as problematic.
The measurement of the normal stress differences in a liquid undergoing simple shear flow using a cone-and-plate total thrust apparatus only

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The measurement of the total thrust on the plate of a cone-and-plate apparatus as a function of both the gap between the apex of the cone and the plate and the angular velocity of the cone enables both normal stress differences in a liquid undergoing simple shear flow to be found. The technique is used and checked by measurement of the total thrust in a parallel-plate apparatus.
Secure authentication with short memorable passwords

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays, most of the people in the world are using internet in their daily activities such as banking, online shopping and social networking. Moreover, the use of internet is getting easier and most of the applications become online and thus internet security become more important. One of the basic internet security mechanisms is the password which is used as the authentication of someone/something to another one via a computer network. However, the numbers of malicious applications targeting passwords and account information have increased significantly over the past few years. Because of these threats, scientists and engineers are studying the ways to enhance the computer network security. In this project, we will study the current password based authentication mechanisms and possible attacks and then to exploit a new secure authentication with short memorable passwords.
Treatment satisfaction smong patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE:
Various treatment options are available for the management of psoriasis; however, there remains a scarcity of literature regarding satisfaction levels among these patients. Given that treatment dissatisfaction is associated with lower levels of adherence, the objective of the present study was to establish satisfaction levels among patients with psoriasis.
DESIGN:
A modified version of a previously validated satisfaction questionnaire was completed by patients.
SETTING:
Dermatology outpatient department (Solihull, United Kingdom).
PARTICIPANTS:
Thirty-eight patients with psoriasis (median age 43).
MEASUREMENTS:
The questionnaire addressed various domains of satisfaction including satisfaction with safety, convenience, information provision, and finally global satisfaction with 1) topical treatments, 2) phototherapy, and 3) systemic treatments.
RESULTS:
Mean global satisfaction with phototherapy and systemic treatments was significantly higher than with topical treatments. The authors' findings also showed that 20 percent of patients receiving topical treatment were dissatisfied with the convenience of the treatment. Interestingly, the only domain causing dissatisfaction among patients receiving systemic therapies (largely biologies) was safety. Despite this, satisfaction with both systemic treatment and phototherapy was higher than has been previously reported.
CONCLUSION:
The findings of this study indicate that levels of satisfaction with phototherapy and systemic treatments are high, which is encouraging for both clinicians and patients. However, there are undoubtedly higher levels of dissatisfaction with topical treatments. Given that topical treatments have the greatest safety profile, they will continue to be the first-line treatment for psoriasis. Advances that focus on patient concerns should become a priority in order to improve compliance and reduce the need for more costly intervention.
EOSDIS CMR: Shifting Data Discovery & Use into a Higher Gear

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Earth observation data comes in many forms, formats, and from a multitude of sources; to make the best of a very large and diverse data catalog (data from a dozen different national Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAACs) as well as international sources), NASA has created a one-stop-shop for earth data consumers to view, find, and get the data they need regardless of its original source or format, which is powered by a Common Metadata Repository (CMR). CMR is the underpinning that allows for the visualization, search, discovery, manipulation, and acquisition of a variety of datasets, and as such it is constantly evolving to do more and serve our communities better; CMR has embraced community ownership by making itself an open-source API, being compatible with Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) and OpenSearch APIs, and by encouraging the user community to make and share improvements.
Visceral Metastasis: A Prognostic Factor of Survival in Patients with Spinal Metastases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To characterize the visceral metastasis as a predictive tool for the survival of patients with spinal metastases through an exploratory meta‐analysis. Methods Two investigators independently searched PubMed and Embase databases for eligible studies from 2000–2016. The effect estimates for the hazard ratio (HR) or risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were collected and pooled with a random‐ or fixed‐effect model. Results In total, 18 eligible studies were retrieved with 5468 participants from nine countries. The overall pooled effect size for HR and RR was 1.50 and 3.79, respectively, which was proved to be statistically significant. In the subgroup of prostate cancer (PCa) and non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), statistical significance and marginal statistical significance was presented for the pooled HR (HR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.35–2.29) and (RR = 1.56, 95% CI 0.99–2.48), respectively. However, in the subgroup of thyroid cancer, breast cancer, and renal cancer, statistical significance was not achieved (HR = 1.17, 95% CI 0.75–1.83, Z = 0.70, P = 0.486). The results did not show any evidence of publication bias. Conclusions This study demonstrated that visceral metastasis was a significant prognostic factor in patients with spinal metastases as a whole. Interestingly, the onset of visceral metastases differentially impacted the survival in different primary tumors. Therefore, the prognostic value of visceral metastasis might be related to the type of primary tumor.
Rapid Lower Limb Geometry and Muscle Insertion Estimation from Motion-Capture Landmarks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Rapid generation of lower limb bone models is essential for clinically applicable patient-specific gait modeling. Simulations not only need bone geometry and pose, but also their muscle attachment sites. Accurate bone geometry and attachment sites are usually labouriously segmented from medical images, which are expensive and inconvenient to obtain. Motion-capture is a routine part of gait assessment but contains relatively sparse geometry information. We present a workflow, implemented in an easy-to-use software application, which uses a statistical model to accurately estimate lower limb bone geometry, pose, and muscle attachment sites from seven commonly used motion-capture landmarks. Our method can significantly reduce modelling time and increase the feasibility of clinical gait modelling.
The effect of feeding the feed additive "Prinarovskaya" on the body of laying hens

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The aim of the conducted studies was a comprehensive assessment of the clinical and physiological state of laying hens, which included a fish feed additive (DCR) in the main diet. The composition of the new Prinarovskaya DKR includes chilled river fish, its processed products and grain products (wheat bran). The additive preparation process goes through several stages: grinding, cavitation heating and subsequent drying of the resulting mixture. The investigated additive is a homogeneous dry mass and contains a number of amino acids, vitamins and minerals in its composition. DKR "Prinarovskaya" was fed to laying hens of the Lohmann Lsn-Classic breed of 130 days of age. All chickens participating in the experiment were divided into 4 groups. Chickens of the 1st experimental group included 8 g of "Prinarovskaya" additives per 100 g of the main diet; chickens of the 2nd experimental group - 6 g of additives to OR; chickens of the 3rd experimental group – 4 g of additives to OR; 4-control group of chickens were fed only OR – compound feed PK1-1G-1227, prepared in accordance with GOST R 51851-2001. The usefulness of poultry feeding is reflected in the morphological and biochemical parameters of blood, which served as the basis for using them in an experiment to characterize metabolic processes and assess the state of the body of laying hens. An important indicator of the effect of the new feed additive "Prinarovskaya" on metabolic processes was the determination of the concentration of total protein and the main protein fractions (albumins, globulins). The state of lipid metabolism in terms of cholesterol and triglycerides was analyzed. Indicators of carbohydrate metabolism and the functional state of the liver were also studied. To characterize the mineral metabolism, the level of calcium and phosphorus in the blood serum was determined. The conducted study with a comprehensive assessment of morphological and biochemical parameters of blood confirmed the expediency of including Prinarovskaya DCR in the diet of laying hens, which generally has a positive effect on the state of their body.