jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
H-Man : refinement of a planar 2-DOF robotic manipulandum for use in clinical settings and at home

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

H-Man Final Year Project Academic Year 2016 / 2017 explores the design possibilities of using 3D printing technology and off the shelf materials to develop a lightweight, portable and effective end-effector to aid neuro-rehabilitation of stroke patients. The designs explored are a continuation of the previous final year project done on the H-Man handle. The end-effector is built to resemble hand motions from activities of daily living (ADLs) such as gripping and lifting, to improve the overall effectiveness of the rehabilitation treatment. The current H-Man is a 2D planar manipulative device, to which a third degree or vertical axis has to be implemented on the end-effector to increase the overall range of motion of the user. This paper presents experimentation on various measuring devices such as the use of micro load cells, and light dependent resistor to incorporate the aforementioned range of motion and activities.
Are you mentoring or coaching? Definitions matter

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

© The Author(s) 2020. New library and information science professionals, without previous experience in information organizations, are often left adrift, unsure how to apply theory or best practice to a new work environment. To bridge this gap, mentoring and coaching opportunities are often employed (or mandated) to provide new practitioners with required skills, knowledge, or networking. There are opportunities to harness implicit and explicit learning through experiences and interactions through mentoring and coaching. Definitions of mentoring and coaching in the profession are often used interchangeably when discussing the growth and development of an individual. This leads to the following questions: How do librarians define both mentoring and coaching? How do mentoring and coaching relate to professional development? To address the research question, 47 semi-structured interviews were conducted with librarians in Canada, New Zealand, and the United States between 2015 and 2016. Participants were asked about their mentoring and coaching experiences. During the interviews, participants were asked questions about their experiences as a mentor or mentee. In addition, participants were asked to define both “mentoring” and “coaching.” The authors used an inductive approach to data analysis, and interviews were coded by category.
Study on the Effecting Factors of Surface Properties of pentadecyl m-xylene sodium sulfonates Solution

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The surface properties of pentadecyl m-xylene sodium sulfonates synthesized by our laboratory in pure water and 0.0393mol•L-1 isopropanol solution were measured. The measurements indicated that the critical micelle concentration (cmc) , the saturated adsorption area Amin and the negative logarithms of surfactant concentration needed in order to reduce surface tension 20 mN/m (pc20) increased, the standard free energy of adsorption( ) became more negative, the surface tension at the cmc (γcmc) and maximum surface excess at the cmc(Γmax) decreased with the moving of the aryl from the terminal to the center of the long alkyl chain. And with the addition of isopropanol the cmc decreased. The effect of molecular branched structure on surface properties were explained from the view of molecular structure.
Exploring Australian emergency department clinicians' knowledge, attitudes and adherence to the national peripheral intravenous catheter clinical care standard: A cross‐sectional national survey

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective This study aimed to (i) capture clinicians' knowledge, attitude and adherence to the first Australian national peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) Clinical Care Standard, (ii) examine the instrument performance of the knowledge related questions and (iii) explore the educational needs for, and barriers to, Standard adherence among Australian ED clinicians. Methods A cross‐sectional national online survey was conducted from March to June 2022, using a snowball sampling method. The survey used 5‐point Likert scales and multiple‐choice questions to capture respondents' knowledge, attitude and adherence to the Standard as well as the educational needs for, and barriers to, Standard adherence. Results In total, 433 ED nurses and doctors responded. Although nearly half ( n = 206, 47.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 55.5–65.8) of respondents claimed that they were unfamiliar with the Standard, questions on PIVC knowledge yielded that most respondents had adequate knowledge of most of the key standards. Respondents' attitudes towards multiple intravenous insertion attempts and ongoing PIVC competency monitoring are not in agreement with the Standard. Self‐reported practices regarding routine insertion of idle catheters (55%; 95% CI 49.9–59.9), using antecubital fossa as the first insertion site (84%; 95% CI 80–87), insertion without confidence (46%; 95% CI 41.2–51.1) and lack of routine reviewing the ongoing needs of PIVC (40%; 95% CI 35.3–45.1) were not aligned with the Standard. Unawareness of the Standard and non‐practical recommendations were rated as the top barriers to Standard adherence. Conclusion The findings of the survey suggest that the Standard may need modification to align with the needs of ED clinicians. Future studies need to explore the applicability and relevancy of some recommendations in the ED settings as they may cause low adherence to the Standard.
[A case of leiomyoblastoma of the stomach. Clinical and anatomopathologic considerations].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gastric leiomyoblastoma or Martin's myoid tumour or Stout's smooth muscle cell bizarre tumour is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasia that may become malignant. A personal clinical case is reported and the most important anatomopathological and clinical aspects are reviewed, stress being laid on the importance of identifying the macroscopic and histological features that can point with certainty to malignity and so influence the choice of surgery. This, depending on the situation, may tumorectomy, gastric resection or gastrectomy with exeresis of any metastases.
TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A RUBBER SEAL UNDER OPERATION WITH OIL CONTAINING MoS2 NANOPARTICLES

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The issues associated with sealing operation are of vital significance due to their function in mechanics. The most universal, simple, and cheap solution of seals are O-rings. They are most commonly used for all seals. The article evaluates the operation characteristics of an O-ring seals under operation with oils containing MoS2 nanoparticles. The measurements were made on the sealing node model in a hydraulic cylinder where the round cross section seal cooperated with the piston rod. The changes of the friction force during rod movement resulting from the friction between the seal and the rod were analysed. The investigations presented in this paper allow one to conclude that, for the assumed research conditions, the average values of the friction force during instroke are higher for PAO oil with MoS2 additive in comparison to pure PAO base oil. In addition, the boundary velocity of the rod above in which the decrease of friction force was observed is higher for pure PAO oil.
Important points for the standard treatment of resectable pancreatic cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Prep-02/JSAP-05試験にて術前ゲムシタビン塩酸塩+S-1併用療法が有意に全生存期間を延長することが示された.この結果とJASPAC-01試験の結果を受けて切除可能膵癌は術前化学療法,過不足のない根治切除術,術後補助化学療法を行うことが標準治療となりつつある.そのためには正確な切除可能性の診断が前提となる.腹腔洗浄細胞診陽性の症例では術後全生存期間が有意に短縮することが明らかとなり,切除可能性診断に腹腔洗浄細胞診は必須となる可能性がある.審査腹腔鏡は,治療方針決定前に腹腔洗浄細胞診と画像検査で検出困難な腹膜転移,肝転移を検出する検査として有用である.かつて行われていた拡大リンパ節郭清,神経叢郭清は予後を改善しないのみならず術後補助化学療法の継続を困難にし得ることから行うべきではない.切除可能膵癌の診療においてはこれらのことに留意して標準治療を行うことで予後を改善することが望める.
Hardware-Accelerated Simulated Radiography

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present the application of hardware accelerated volume rendering algorithms to the simulation of radiographs as an aid to scientists designing experiments, validating simulation codes, and understanding experimental data. The techniques presented take advantage of 32-bit floating point texture capabilities to obtain solutions to the radiative transport equation for X-rays. The hardware accelerated solutions are accurate enough to enable scientists to explore the experimental design space with greater efficiency than the methods currently in use. An unsorted hexahedron projection algorithm is presented for curvilinear hexahedral meshes that produces simulated radiographs in the absorption-only regime. A sorted tetrahedral projection algorithm is presented that simulates radiographs of emissive materials. We apply the tetrahedral projection algorithm to the simulation of experimental diagnostics for inertial confinement fusion experiments on a laser at the University of Rochester.
Multi-staged temperature control of the gelling properties and flavor quality of preserved eggs

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The gelling properties and flavor quality of preserved eggs are affected by temperature reached during pickling. In response, this study investigates the effects of different temperature-controlled techniques on the gelling properties and flavor quality of preserved eggs. The results show that compared with an overall constant temperature and a two-stage temperature-controlled technique, the P-12–18–30 °C three-stage temperature-controlled pickling model produced the best texture properties of the preserved egg white gel, as further verified by LF NMR and SEM analysis. The results of amino acid analysis also show that the taste intensity of free amino acids in the P-12–18–30 °C group was significantly increased, especially for umami amino acids. In addition, the results of the electronic noise show that the volatile components of preserved eggs subjected to different temperature-controlled pickling techniques were similar, mainly consisting of short-chain alkanes; alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and some aromatic compounds; long-chain alkane aliphatic groups; and inorganic sulfides, and there was no significant difference in the content of each flavor substance. In conclusion, this study offers theoretical basis for temperature-controlled pickling of preserved egg with better gel quality.
CEO compensation: does it pay to be green?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract The relationship between chief executive officer (CEO) compensation and various organizational variables (i.e., size, length of tenure of the CEO, board composition and firm performance) has been explored in academic research. However, the relationship between CEO compensation and the firm's reputation based on the firm's commitment to the community and the environment has been relatively unexamined in the academic research. This study's purpose is to empirically examine this relationship using the Fortune Reputation Index as revised by Brown and Perry (1995) . Using a sample of 186 firms in 1990 and 188 firms in 1991, the relationships between CEO compensation and organization size, financial performance and environmental reputation are examined. The results of the study demonstrate that there is a strong relationship between CEO compensation and firm environmental reputation, firm size and firm financial performance. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. and ERP Environment
The effects of male childhood sexual experiences on initiation of unwanted sex acts and belief in rape myths

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Cyclical violence arguments in past research support deviant behavioral reactions to childhood sexual experiences. This research examines male childhood sexual experiences and later sexual deviance using data from a sample of college males. The types of childhood sexual experiences, including showing of sexual organs, fondling sexual organs, attempted sexual intercourse, and sexual intercourse, are investigated in relationship to initiation of unwanted sex acts and belief in rape myths. Deviant childhood sexual experiences are found to be related to future initiation of unwanted sexual behaviors and deviant sexual beliefs, supporting the idea of cyclical deviance. Further, this research identifies stereotypes concerning male victims of sexual abuse and provides a foundation for understanding male childhood sexual experiences.
Neodymium: YAG Capsulotomy Rates Following Phacoemulsification With Implantation of PMMA, Silicone, and Acrylic Intraocular Lenses

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the most common visually disabling sequela of modern cataract surgery. Methods of reducing its incidence include the development of newer surgical techniques and intraocular lens (IOL) materials and designs. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence and time interval of development of PCO, and the requirement of laser capsulotomy in patients implanted with a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), silicone, or acrylic IOL. * PATIENTS AND METHODS: The data of 340 consecutive patients who underwent phacoemulsification and implantation of a PMMA, silicone, or acrylic intraocular lens were analyzed. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence and time interval of development of PCO, and the requirement of laser capsulotomy in patients implanted with a PMMA, silicone, or acrylic IOL. * RESULTS: The incidence of PCO was found to be significandy less in the acrylic group (6.5% as compared to 21.74% and 26.6% in the PMMA and silicone groups, respectively; P = 0.01297 and 0.0039). Most patients (65%) exhibiting PCO in the PMMA group developed it within the first six months. In the silicone group, development of PCO was delayed. In 60% of patients, it appeared 18 months after surgery. Neodymium:YAG capsulotomy was required in 45% and 60% of patients developing PCO in the PMMA and silicone groups, respectively, while it was required in only 1 of the 4 patients developing PCO in the acrylic group. * CONCLUSION: This study indicates that implantation of an acrylic IOL helps reduce the incidence of PCO as well as the need for Nd: YAG capsulotomy. PMMA IOLs require Nd: YAG capsulotomy earlier in the postoperative period as compared to silicone IOLs. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2001;32:375-382]
Balancing Academic Rigor and Creative Thinking: A Transformational Approach to Teaching Senior Design

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Innovation arises from creativity. “Thinking outside the box” has long been seen as a necessary precursor to innovation and invention in engineering. However, creativity is rarely part of traditional engineering curricula. In 2015, our group began to explore integrating theater-based creativity methods into bioengineering capstone design. Evaluation of student outcomes was encouraging, so we continued to develop the course in 2016 and 2017. As we worked to refine the pedagogical process, we discovered tensions (real or perceived) between providing academic rigor and allowing students to embrace their creativity; for instance, we experienced some resistance from engineering faculty and students toward adopting methods they viewed as “artsy” or lacking academic rigor. Here, we discuss the tensions we observed offer potential ways to mitigate such tensions and begin to consider how to expand on our successes.
Bilingual Inconsistency Effect

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

One of the leading models of discourse processing states that the activation of information within a text occurs through an automatic spread of activation between associated concepts, known as cohort-based retrieval. Moreover, previous studies that have investigated bilingual reading comprehension have found that certain processes that support the construction of quality mental representations of discourse are less efficient in a bilingual's non-dominant language (L2) compared to their dominant language (L1). The current study investigated cohort-based retrieval in the L1 and the L2 using a sample of 44 highly proficient, college-aged Spanish-English bilinguals that read narrative passages all in their L1 or L2 and that did or did not contain inconsistent information. We failed to find any evidence of cohort-based retrieval in the earliest stages of textual processing but did see a trend in a later stage measure of processing such that when the bilingual participants read in their L2, total reading times were slower on the inconsistent versions of the passages compared to the consistent versions. All in all, we share evidence to refute the current description of cohort-based retrieval as an initial stage of processing and to replicate previous findings that bilinguals are less efficient at resolving inconsistent information when processing text in their L2.
Structural vaccinology for malaria: host–pathogen interactions, broadly neutralizing antibodies and immunogen design

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Plasmodium parasites use a diverse range of proteins to engage host-cell receptors and hostcell membranes during malaria infection.These proteins are targets for antibody neutralization, and neutralization is associated with naturally acquired immunity.Three features have hampered the progression of malaria antigens as vaccine candidates: 1) the polymorphic nature of parasite antigens induce strain-specific immune responses; 2) the epitopes of broadly-neutralizing versus non-protective antibodies within malaria antigens are not known; and 3) the structures of parasite antigens bound to host-cell components are poorly defined.We will present structural, mechanistic and functional studies of parasite antigens from both P. falciparum and P. vivax in association with receptors and antibodies.These studies demonstrate that multimeric assembly of receptor-antigen interactions is crucial for host-cell invasion, and highlight critical functional regions that can be exploited for targeted disruption.We found that potently neutralizing antibodies target the assembly interfaces and receptor-binding residues of antigens, while non-neutralizing antibodies target decoy epitopes far removed from functional regions of antigens.This work highlights new approaches to target the molecular mechanisms of parasite-host interactions and lays the foundation for improved malaria vaccine design through structural vaccinology.
Specific Detection of Serratia marcescens Based on a PCR Assay and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of S. marcescens Isolated from Boar Semen

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

돼지 원정액의 채취나 희석정액의 제조과정 중 세균오염이 많이 발생하는데, 이는 정자활력의 감소뿐 아니라 모돈의 수태율 저하 등을 유발한다. 특히 Serratia marcescens는 환경에 널리 존재하며 비위생적으로 제조된 정액에 많이 분리되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 S. marcescens의 신속한 동정을 위하여 PCR 기법을 개발하였으며, 국내 돼지정액 유래 S. marcescens을 이용하여 최소생육억제농도(MIC) 등을 조사하고 유효 항생제를 선발하고자 하였다. 개발 PCR 기법은 S. marcescens에서만 306 bp의 특이 유전자 증폭산물을 형성하였으며, 기타 돼지정액에서 분리 보고된 균주나 Serratia 속균에서는 유전자 증폭 산물이 형성되지 않아 특이성이 인정되었다. PCR 기법의 민감도는 S. marcescens에서 추출된 DNA $50pg/{\mu}l$까지 검출이 가능하였다. 디스크확산법에 의한 국내 돼지정액 유래 S. marcescens의 항생제 감수성을 조사한 결과, gentamicin, ceftiofur, neomycin 등에서 80% 이상의 높은 감수성을 보였다. 한편 ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, neomycin의 $MIC_{90}$는 각각 8, 8, 8, $16{\mu}g/ml$로 나타났다. 따라서 개발된 PCR 기법은 S. marcescens를 동정하는 유용한 방법이며, gentamicin 등 선발된 항생제는 S. marcescens에 의한 정액 내 세균오염을 관리하기 위한 희석제용 항생제로 추천된다. During the collection of boar semen, bacterial contamination usually occurs. The contamination has deleterious effects both on semen quality and on sow fertility. The majority of contaminants are gram-negative bacteria, especially Serratia marcescens. In this study, we developed a PCR assay for the identification of S. marcescens targeting the luxS gene (GenBank no. EF164926). S. marcescens yielded a specific 306 bp PCR product. However, no amplification was observed in the other strains tested. The detection limit of PCR was $50pg/{\mu}l$ of template DNA of S. marcescens. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of S. marcescens isolated from boar semen were tested using the disk diffusion method. Gentamicin, ceftiofur, florfenicol, and neomycin showed high sensitivity in this test. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was also determined by the broth microdilution method. The $MIC_{90}$ values of ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, and neomycin were 8, 8, 8, and $16{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. These results indicate that PCR amplification of the luxS gene is a reliable and effective method for the identification of S. marcescens and that ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, and neomycin are effective semen extenders for controlling S. marcescens.
Protecting Earth? Rappaport’s Vision of Rituals as Environmental Practices

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this article I discuss the characteristics of ritual practices, according to Roy Rappaport’s general theory of ritual. I start by discussing technology as a kind of ritual product of science and then briefly present Rappaport’s ritual theory as an aid in understanding how the Mi’kmaq Indians of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, employed rituals in their efforts to protect a sacred mountain from being turned into a superquarry. In Ritual and Religion in the Making of Humanity, Rappaport discusses the concept of the ecosystem as a product of modern Western society, emanating from scientific epistemology rather than religious dogma. Rappaport also identifies “ecological thinking” in what he calls The Book. Although not expressed in terms of modern ecology, he suggests, such pre-modern thought is an adequate medium for protecting environmental values. His vision is to bring these two separate cosmologies closer, in order to emphasize the moral responsibility of humans everywhere on this planet. It is impossible, Rappaport would say, to do something without simultaneously affecting social relations and the environment. Humanity has the power and the technology to destroy places and ecosystems, if morality is left without consideration. Rappaport’s vision was to combine the moral efficacy of ritual with the analytical validity of ecological thinking. But how can modern, de-traditionalized humans create such a synthesis, that reckons with both practical effects and moral implications of human agency?