jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Methane Leak Detection and Localization Using Wireless Sensor Networks for Remote Oil and Gas Operations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Oil and gas operations contribute on the order of 31% (according to EPA) to the portion of methane emissions due to human activities. Identifying and localizing these emission sources requires continued development of better sensing modalities. We present a sensor network and cloud based methods for detecting, localizing, and quantifying methane leaks with a focus on natural gas fracking sites. The sensor network is designed for year round remote autonomous operation and includes methane and wind sensing abilities.
Circulating Tumor Cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The identification of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with solid cancers represents a putative biomarker that may be associated with disease progression and metastatic behavior. The technique of enumerating CTCs has been reported to enable improved disease prognostication and monitoring of treatment. As a result, this approach has gained increasing interest in the field of cancer management and prognosis. Several studies have shown utility in a variety of clinical conditions, ranging from early localized disease to disseminated metastatic cancer. We present the potential application of CTC determination in 2 patients with prostate cancer. Understanding its potential prognostic information as well as its methodological limitations is of paramount importance in order to better interpret the results in the context of a particular patient with cancer.
The influence of temperature and light intensity on grain growth in relation to the carbohydrate and nitrogen economy of the wheat plant.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The response of wheat grain growth to temp. and light intensity was studied under controlled conditions within the ranges 10-25 deg C and 64-188 W/m2, resp. Warmth hastened plant senescence and enhanced the initial growth rate of the grains. Additional light promoted the rate of grain growth more at high than at low temp.; under the latter conditions there was a considerable accumulation of carbohydrates in the stem (up to 40%) from anthesis onwards. The rate of grain growth ranged from 0.70 to 1.64 mg/day grain. The duration of grain growth was prolonged by decrease from 25 to 10 deg ; the increase in growth duration from about 30 to 80 days corresponded with a relatively stable temp. sum. Temp. and light also affected the redistribution of assimilates and the chemical composition of the grain. The rate of protein synthesis was promoted more by warmth than the rate of starch synthesis. This resulted in an increased N content of the grain. The final content of total non-structural carbohydrates (starch and sugars) was slightly decreased by warmth. Additional light raised the carbohydrate content of all parts of the plant and so decreased the N content of these parts. However, light intensity had less effect on N distribution and yield than temp. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
Aspectos de la relación del fiel con la organización eclesiástica

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The concentration of catecholamines was determined in the brain, heart and adrenals in normovolaemic and hypovolaemic rats after reinfusion of the lost blood and after infusion of equivalent volumes of plasma substitutes (dextran and modified gelatins). After infusion of these preparations in normovolaemic rats noradrenaline concentration increased significantly in the myocardium. It was found also that restoration of normal blood volume by infusion of plasma substitutes prevented changes in catecholamine concentrations induced by hypovolaemia in the brain but not in the adrenals.
Apparent Absence of a Redox Requirement for Blue Light Activation of Pump Current in Broad Bean Guard Cells

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract In guard cells, membrane hyperpolarization in response to a blue light (BL) stimulus is achieved by the activation of a plasma membrane H+-ATPase. Using the patch clamp technique on broad bean (Vicia faba) guard cells we demonstrate that both steady-state- and BL-induced pump currents require ATP and are blocked by vanadate perfused into the guard cell during patch clamp recording. Background-pump current and BL-activated currents are voltage independent over a wide range of membrane potentials. During BL-activated responses significant hyperpolarization is achieved that is sufficient to promote K+ uptake. BL activation of pump current becomes desensitized by three or four pulses of 30 s × 100 μmol m−2 s−1 BL. This desensitization is not a result of pump inhibition as maximal responses to fusicoccin are observed after full BL desensitization. BL treatments prior to whole cell recording show that BL desensitization is not due to washout of a secondary messenger by whole cell perfusion, but appears to be an important feature of the BL-stimulated pump response. We found no evidence for an electrogenic BL-stimulated redox chain in the plasma membrane of guard cells as no steady-state- or BL-activated currents are detected with NADH or NADPH added to the cytosol in the absence of ATP. Steady-state- nor BL-activated currents are affected by the inclusion along with ATP of 1 mm NADH in the pipette under saturating red light or by including NADPH in the pipette under darkness or saturating red light. These data suggest that reduced products of photosynthesis do not significantly modulate plasma membrane pump currents and are unlikely to be critical regulators in BL-stimulation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase in guard cells.
Negotiating the past, present, and future: The Luxembourgish Jewish Museum Project as a Process of Contested memory and imagined futures

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There is currently a project underway to establish a Jewish museum in Luxembourg in a restored synagogue just outside the main city center. As this project unfolds, it provides a clear view into the contestations and negotiations over meaning, representation, Jewishness, and the past, present, and future visions of community that arise in the development of a museum. Ongoing debates over which objects will be included in the museum, how they will be defined, how they will link to other sites of Jewish heritage around the city (through tours, performances, reference, etc.), as well as a hesitancy by many to donate family objects all point to issues around the construction of collective memory, communal cultural heritage, and multiple narratives of the past and how these are erased in the process of producing heritage as a series of museum objects. These debates also highlight concerns about how the contemporary community – which is multilingual, multinational, and multi-denominational – will be represented; in other words, who will be included in representations of the community and how will the contemporary community be defined, if at all? Finally, ongoing discussions around what will be emphasized or downplayed indicate the contested nature, not only of the past, but also of collective visions of the future as constituted through representations of heritage. In particular, negotiations over how to represent the Holocaust reflect a desire by some to fit the museum into developing narratives of cosmopolitanism, interfaith, and intercultural relations and a drive by others to represent family narratives and engage in a project ‘against forgetting’ in order to ensure a particular kind of future. And so, using this project as a case study, I seek to draw attention to the ways in which the construction of a heritage regime is at once a negotiation over narratives of the past, shared present identities, and collective visions of the future and the discourses and social processes at work within these debates.
E-Government Implementation and Readiness: A Comparative Study between Saudi Arabia and Republic of Korea

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the on-going ICT world revolution, e-government applications are considered as one of the modern, growing, and important applications delivered over the Internet. These applications, enabling citizens to interact with government, have emerged in recent years, and are likely to have a positive impact on citizens, government, business and society. This study will explore the adoption and implementation and readiness of e-government thoroughly to address the current practices, and to identify challenges and obstacles that affect the improvements in the e-services provided from a society perspective. The study has used the E-government survey reports carried out by the UN for the period covering 2010 to 2014. At the end, the results present a numbers of recommendations as well as lessons that learnt from Republic of Korea in order to enhance e-government services in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Observations on fertile populations of two Porella (Porellaceae, Marchantiophyta) species from Kumaun Region in the Western Himalaya, India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The unrecorded androecia and feebly described gynoecia in Indian specimens of two Porella species, namely, P. densifolia subsp. appendiculata (Steph.) S. Hatt. and P. campylophylla var. ptychantha (Mitt.) F. Shaheen & S.C. Sriv., collected from Kumaun region in the state of Uttarakhand in Western Himalaya, are being described and compared besides observing variations in vegetative features of the plants.
HO-1 transduced by MSCs promotes angiogenesis in rat infracted myocardium

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective Heme oxygenase-1( HO-1) is a stress-inducible enzyme with diverse cytoprotective effects,and plays a role in angiogenesis recently. We investigated whether HO-1 transduced by MSCs can induce angiogenic effects in infracted myocardium. Methods Methods HO-1 was transfected into cultured MSCs using an adenoviral vector. 1 × 106Ad-HO-1-transfected MSCs( HO-1-MSCs) or Ad-Null-transfected MSCs( Null-MSCs) or PBS was respectively injected into rat hearts 1 h intramyocardially after myocardial infarction. Results HO-1-MSCs was able to induce stable expression of HO-1 in vitro and Vivo. The capillary density and expression of angiogenic growth factors,VEGF and FGF2,were significantly enhanced in HO-1-MSCs-treated hearts compared with NullMSCs-treated and PBS-treated hearts. However,the angiogenic effects of HO-1 in HO-1-MSCs group was abolished by treating the animals with HO inhibitor,zinc protoporphyrin. The myocardial apoptosis was marked reduced with significantly reduced fibrotic area in HO-1-MSCs-treated hearts; Furthermore,the cardiac function and remodeling were also significantly improved in HO-1-MSCs-treated hearts than in the other two groups. Conclusions HO-1 modification with MSCs reduces the apoptosis of myocardium and protect cardiac function and remodeling,and that this is associated with siginficant angiogenesis.
Efficient Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to CO Using NiFe2O4@N/C/SnO2 Derived from FeNi Metal–Organic Framework

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Use of light is considered an effective approach to convert CO2 into usable chemical energy. In the present study, an iron- and nickel-containing bimetallic metal-organic framework (MOF) was synthesized via a simple solvothermal route. SnO2 was then composited with the said MOF, and the obtained material was calcined and annealed to fabricate a series of nanophotocatalysts. The annealed sample displayed superior photocatalytic activity to the calcined sample, possibly due to the carbon-nitrogen layer formed after annealing mediating the charge-transfer process. The results of photocatalytic experiments indicated that using [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2·6H2O as a photosensitizer and triethanolamine (TEOA) and acetonitrile (MeCN) as sacrificial agents, the catalyst sample was annealed at 450 °C (NiFe2O4@N/C/SnO2-450) to afford the highest CO yield from CO2 (2057.41 μmol g-1 h-1). The increase in the photocatalytic ability of the nanocomposites is basically attributed to multiple synergistic effects between NiFe2O4 and SnO2, which reduce the recombination probability of the photo-induced electrons and holes. Ultimately, a photocatalytic reaction mechanism is proposed for NiFe2O4@N/C/SnO2 in the reduction of CO2.
Dielectric Permittivity, Loss Factor and Ac. Conductivity of (Epoxy / Ferrous Sulfide) Composites.

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The dielectric properties of (Epoxy/Ferrous sulfide) composites were characterized as a function of Ferroussulfide weight fraction, temperature was in the range 30-150 o C, and frequency was in range 120 Hz -2MHz . Thedielectric parameters have been measured using parallel plate capacitor method. Experimental results showed that the real ε' and imaginary ε" parts of permittivity increases as Ferrous sulfide weight fraction increases. The values of ε' increase as the temperature increases, the increase was accompanied by the presence of obvious peaks at high temperature which may be related to the increased mobility of segments of epoxy molecules at elevated temperatures below the glass-transition temperature and the differential thermal expansion of the polymer and the filler. The values of ε' decrease as frequency increases, which indicates that the major contribution to polarization is related to orientation polarization. Dielectric loss showed an increase both with an increase in frequency and temperature, loss peaks were observed at 10 kHz and at high temperatures respectively. A.c conductivity and impedance behaviors of the composites as a function of temperature and frequency were investigated too.
[A dynamic observation on serum cytokine and immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM) in patients with esophageal cancer].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The IL-8 might accelerate the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer, and the IL-2 might restrain. The positive correlation between the level of IgA and the patients with esophageal cancer is observed in this study; the immune maladjustment of IL-2, IL-8 and IgA might be correlative to esophageal cancer, and the IL-2, IL-8 and IgA levels might be an available index for the severity of esophageal cancer, Which may be of some help for clinic practitioners to judge the progress, curative effect and prognosis of the cancer.
PENGARUH CASH FLOW, COMPANY GROWTH, PROFITABILITY, DAN INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY SET (IOS) TERHADAP KONSERVATISME AKUNTANSI

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Fenomena risiko bisnis yang terjadi pada PT Kimia Farma Tbk. dan perusahaan lainnya disebabkan adanya konflik kepentingan seperti yang dijelaskan dalam teori agensi (agency theory). Konflik tersebut dapat dikurangi dengan adanya penerapan prinsip konservatisme akuntansi. Teori agensi didukung oleh teori sinyal yanng menjelaskan bahwa penerapan konservatisme akuntansi merupakan sinyal yang diberikan perusahaan untuk menghindari perilaku oportunistik manajer. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh cash flow, company growth, profitability, dan investment opportunity set (IOS) terhadap konservatisme akuntansi.
Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia 2009-2010 yang melaporkan laporan keuangan yang lengkap dan dipublikasikan pada Indonesian Capital Market Directory. Teknik pemilihan sampel dengan purposive sampling. Sampel yang sesuai dengan kriteria sebanyak 53 perusahaan. Metode analisis data penelitian ini yaitu analisis regresi berganda. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan program SPSS 16 for windows.
Hasil pengujian secara simultan menunjukkan bahwa cash flow, company growth, profitability, dan investment opportunity set (IOS) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap konservatisme akuntansi. Pengujian parsial menunjukkan cash flow dan company growth tidak berpengaruh terhadap konservatisme akuntansi. Profitabilitydan investment opportunity set berpengaruh positif terhadap konservatisme akuntansi.
Simpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu profitabilitydan investment opportunity set (IOS) terbukti mampu meningkatkan nilai market to book ratio sebagai proksi dari konservatisme akuntansi. Saran bagi perusahaan, untuk lebih meningkatkan integritas perusahaan dalam penerapan konservatisme akuntansi, sehingga konflik kepentingan dalam perusahaan dapat diminimalisir.
THE IMPORTANCE AND VALUE OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN ALBANIA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Albania, this pearl completely undiscovered by foreigners worldwide and hermetically sealed form the outside world, has stunned a large number of tourists those least years.Although the tourist season has barely ended, we still have an amazing overflow of tourists from different countries.For this scientific paper, we took the cause from a question that arises: Albania, this beautiful and unique pearl of Balkan, which is surprising the world with its splendor nature, will it be re-elected as one of the top choices of travellers as a trendy and exotic destination in 2024?As field researchers and professors, we rightly thought of drafting a study to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of mobile tourism, what must be developed and improved, and most importantly how the culture and traditional ways must be promoted by the locals and revealed as Albanians authentic gems.The purpose of the study is to bring an encouragement hand to the Albanian entrepreneurs on improving their service, conditions, prices, ethical behavior, and customary communication with the aim of not only increasing the tourist flow in the coming years, but also improve the quality of this service, leading to a better and value-added reputation of Albania.
Diarrhea from Dietetic Candies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

IN recent years "sugarless" candies and soft drinks containing sorbitol, marinitol or both as replacement for sucrose and starches1 have been consumed in increasing quantities by children. The hexitols, recommended in weight-reduction programs and for the prevention of dental caries, present the advantage of being acted upon slowly by bacteria of the oral cavity and of being slowly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract.2 Because of these very properties diarrhea may follow the ingestion of sufficient quantities of the sugar alcohols.Case ReportD.G., a well developed, well nourished 24 month-old boy, had been free from gastrointestinal symptoms. One day, 2 . . .
Religious discriminations and public policies: “Muslim burial areas” in Ghent

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The goal of this local initiative is to identify through participative, long term observation (1995-2005) that has mediation as its starting point, to try and understand the methods of interaction between the Muslim communities and the local services and authorities, with regard to the needs of the Muslim population on the question of burials. It was necessary to perceive and analyze how the Muslim groups continued to evolve in time and how the city of Ghent and the services concerned reacted (or not) to the groups or the actors whom they recognized as legitimate partners in this dialogue.
The evolving role of oral hormonal therapies and review of conjugated estrogens/bazedoxifene for the management of menopausal symptoms

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This review describes the evolving role of oral hormone therapy (HT) for treating menopausal symptoms and preventing osteoporosis, focusing on conjugated estrogens/bazedoxifene (CE/BZA). Estrogens alleviate hot flushes and prevent bone loss associated with menopause. In nonhysterectomized women, a progestin should be added to estrogens to reduce the risk of endometrial cancer. Use of HT declined since the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) studies showed that HT does not prevent coronary heart disease (CHD) and that conjugated estrogens/medroxyprogesterone acetate increased the risk of invasive breast cancer after nearly 5 years of use. However, re-analyses of the WHI data suggest that some risks (eg, CHD, all-cause mortality) may be reduced when HT is initiated in women <60 years of age and <10 years since menopause, compared with later. CE/BZA is the first menopausal HT without a progestogen for nonhysterectomized women. Instead, BZA, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, in combination with CE, protects against estrogenic effects on uterine and breast tissue. Data from 5 large, randomized clinical trials show that CE/BZA reduces hot flush frequency/severity, prevents bone loss, reduces bone turnover, improves the vaginal maturation index and ease of lubrication, and improves some measures of sleep and menopause-specific quality of life. In studies of up to 2 years, there was no increase in endometrial hyperplasia, vaginal bleeding, breast density, or breast pain/tenderness compared with placebo. Venous thromboembolism and stroke are risks of all estrogen-based therapies. The choice of HT should be individualized, with consideration of the risk/benefit profile and tolerability of therapy, as well as patient preferences.
Community Structure in an Isolated Tropical Forest Biome: One Year of Fruit-Feeding Butterfly Trapping in Four Habitats in the Western Ghats, India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Insect communities in tropical forests tend to be structured vertically and with respect to tree fall gaps and edges. Furthermore, insect communities vary over time. Insight into such habitat specificity and temporal variation is needed to design and interpret biodiversity surveys and to compare conservation value among habitats. Some aspects of tropical insect community structure, such as the proportion of canopy specialists and temporal variation, vary among biogeographical regions and climatic zones. To date, few regions have been sampled systematically, so generalization remains difficult. We compared fruit-feeding butterfly communities among understory, canopy, natural treefalls, and forest edge, in a tropical forest of the Western Ghats, a strip of rainforest that is isolated from Sundaland, the large rainforest block of South-East Asia. During a yearlong study, we captured 3018 individuals belonging to 32 species and representing 14 genera. While some butterflies were captured in the canopy, no species was significantly more abundant in the canopy than in the understory. This observation was contrary to studies elsewhere in the tropics where 14–55% of the species could be classified as canopy specialists. Even though the largest number of species was captured at forest edges, species diversity was highest in the gaps. The communities at the forest edge differed importantly from those in treefall gaps: at the forest edge, we caught grassland species in addition to the forest species. Larger treefall gaps had higher butterfly abundance than smaller gaps. Both abundance and diversity peaked during the late monsoon season, and all common species in our sample also peaked during this period. The spatiotemporal community structure appears to depend on biogeography (less vertical stratification further from large forest blocks) and climate (more synchrony among species in seasonal abundance when there is a more severe dry season).