jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
New records and geographic distribution map of Echinoporia Ryvarden (Schizoporaceae, Basidiomycota) species in the Neotropics

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The genus Echinoporia is characterized by the presence of chlamydospores originating from hairs in the pileus and margin, or the dissepiment edges. Two species of Echinoporia are found in America, i.e., E. aculeifera and E. inermis. In a study of Neotropical polypores, several specimens of Echinoporia were collected in the Atlantic rainforest, São Paulo state. Echinoporia inermis is recorded for the second time in Brazil. Echinoporia aculeifera is recorded for the first time in São Paulo state. A distribution map of the genus in the Neotropics is presented.
Pengaruh Religiusitas Dan Konformitas Teman Sebaya Terhadap Etika Sopan Santun Siswa Madrasah Aliyah Tri Bhakti

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the effect of religiosity and peer conformity on the etiquette of courtesy of Madrasah Aliyah Tri Bhakti Pagotan students in 2021. The research design is an expost facto study. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. There are 3 questionnaires developed in this study, namely the religiosity questionnaire, peer conformity and ethical manners. The sampling technique used was random sampling. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression. The results of the study showed the effect of religiosity on etiquette of the students of Madrasah Aliyah Tri Bhakti Pagotan. of 9.596 Meanwhile, the influence of peer conformity on the etiquette of courtesy of Madrasah Aliyah Tri Bhakti Pagotan students. by 19.14%.
Disproportionation of nickel(III) bis(oxime imine) complexes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDisproportionation of nickel(III) bis(oxime imine) complexesA. Graham Lappin, Daniel P. Martone, and Peter OsvathCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 24, 4187–4191Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00218a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00218a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views170Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Reaction of Phenyl(trichloromethyl)mercury with Substituted Norbornenes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The addition of phenyl(trichloromethyl)mercury to five substituted norbornenes is described, and the results compared with those obtained with bicyclo[2.2.2]oct‐2‐ene and 3,3,5,5‐tetramethylcyclopentene. The reaction proves to be useful for synthetic purposes, in that it leads usually to ring expansion. However, a possible disadvantage is that the addition step is sensitive to steric hindrance and depends on the reactivity of the double bond.
Extraction of glycyrrhizin from licorice using single screw extruder: Process kinetics and stimulus response modeling

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this study, an extruder was used to extract glycyrrhizin from licorice, and the extraction process was optimized using a rotatable central composite design. The influence of barrel temperature (50–150°C), screw speed (200–400 rpm), and solvent to solid (4–8 mL/g) on sugar and glycyrrhizin was investigated and optimized. The extraction kinetics was investigated, and the Peleg model was considered the most suitable model to explain the extraction behavior. The prediction of extraction yield using artificial neural networks (ANNs) was performed successfully. The physical, thermal, and crystallinity properties of glycyrrhizin were investigated. The Hill model and the Beidler model were the most suitable to explain the stimulus response of glycyrrhizin.
The relationship between strong motivation to work, “workaholism”, and health

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The aims of the present study were to examine (1) psychometric properties of Spence and Robbins' measures of the components of workaholism and (2) relations between workaholism and health-related outcomes [job stress, burnout, work engagement, and subjective health complaints (SHC)]. Two hundred and thirty-five bank employees completed questionnaires measuring workaholism, job stress, burnout, work engagement, and SHC. Factor analyses suggested a two-factor model of workaholism, "Drive" and "Enjoyment of Work". There were significant relations between workaholism subscales and SHC, job stress, burnout, and work engagement. The "Drive" subscale correlated positively with job stress and SHC, and marginally with burnout and work engagement. The "Enjoyment of Work" subscale correlated negatively with job stress, burnout, and SHC. The results showed that a two-factor model of workaholism provided the best fit for Norwegian data, supported a differentiation of enthusiastic and nonenthusiastic workaholic features, and were related in predictable ways to SHC, burnout, and work engagement, as predicted from contemporary cognitive stress theory.
Review and Prospect for Study of Physiologic Races on Rice Blast Fungus (Pyricularia grisea)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Race studies in the world can be divided into following four developmental periods in accordance with selective level of differential varieties (lines): (1)Differential varieties of which constitution of resistance genes was not known were selected on the basis of one抯 experiences; (2)Differential varieties which have known resistance genes for each were constructed through analysis of resistance genes in rice varieties; (3)Near-isogenic lines of resistance genes in rice which have same genetic background with susceptible indica variety CO39 were developed by using indica rice and japonica rice as donors of resistance genes and CO39 as recurrent parent and used to study races of blast fungus; And (4) Chinese near-isogenic lines and Japan-IRRI抯 monogenic lines of rice which have single resistance gene were developed by using universally susceptible japonica rice variety Lijiangxintuanheigu (LTH) and now are being applied in many countries in the world. Following three points of view were summaried based on respective results rabout relationship between genetic lineage and pathotype of blast fungus (1)There are certain corresponding relationships between genetic lineage and pathotype in blast isolates; (2) There are no corresponding relationships between both; And (3).Mutual relationships are very complicated between genetic lineage and pathotype. It is necessary to further study to get clear conclusions for their inherent rule. Molecular genetics of rice blast fungus was also discussed briefly.
Push-Pull Fatigue of the [110] and [410] Single Crystals of Iron

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Single crystals of iron with the [110] and [410] axes were fatigued in push-pull at constant total strain amplitudes in the range between 0.1 and 2%. When the strain amplitude was smaller than 0.5%, the cyclic hardening of the [410] crystal was similar to that of the [110] crystal. Clusters of edge dislocation dipoles and loops were developed parallel to the {112} slip plane, which suggests the activation of single slip locally. When the strain amplitude is larger than 0.5%, the cyclic hardening of the [410] crystal was much larger than that of the [110] crystal. Cell walls lie along symmetry planes with respect to the slip planes, which suggests multiple slip. Striation patterns on the fracture surfaces appeared parallel to the intersection between operative {112} slip planes in both crystals. When a crack was forced to propagate to perpendicular to the slip vectors, in the [\bar110] direction on the (110) plane, it propagated in the 〈332〉 directions with a deviation of 40 degrees from the [\bar110] direction.
Facts on Direct-to-Consumer Food Marketing: Incorporating Data from the 2007 Census of Agriculture

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Every 5 years, USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) engages in a comprehensive study of the U.S. farm economy, known as the Census of Agriculture. The Census examines various facets of farm ownership, structure, and production and marketing practices. Beginning with the 1997 Census, NASS has collected specific information from farm operators regarding their use of direct-to-consumer marketing outlets to sell food for human consumption, recognizing that many farmers are turning to direct-to-consumer sales as a way to increase their share of consumer food expenditures. This factsheet on direct marketing developments and trends is designed to provide an overview of the growing importance of direct marketing to U.S. farmers, in general, and to specific regions and States, in particular, by extracting and summarizing data from the 2007 Census of Agriculture, and comparing these data with those from 1997 and 2002. Among the issues examined in the factsheet are absolute changes in the value of direct marketed food products, the share of total agricultural sales for direct marketed food products, and the relative importance of direct marketing at regional and State levels.
The peripheral blood (PB) monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) of SS and SLE patients manifest significantly impaired ApoCell-phagocytosis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>The aberrant uptake of apoptotic cells by blood-borne phagocytes largely resides in the patients' sera. <b>A.</b> Significantly decreased ApoCell-phagocytosis by PB monocytes in SS and SLE patients, but not in RA. <b>B–C.</b> The ApoCell-phagocytosis index values observed in SS and SLE patients correlated inversely with the disease activity indices of these diseases. <b>D.</b> Decreased ApoCell-phagocytosis by MDM in SS and SLE patients. <b>E.</b> Cross-admixture experiments illustrating the significantly reduced capacity of sera from SS and SLE patients to support ApoCell-phagocytosis by normal peripheral blood (PB) monocytes, in contrast to sera from HBD and from RA patients. In panels A, C and D the horizontal lines indicate the median levels in each group, whereas the numbers in boxes indicate the percentages of individuals with decreased ApoCell-phagocytosis, as defined by the presence of ApoCell-PhI values that were two standard deviations below the corresponding mean of HBD. Statistically significant comparisons of patient groups to HBD are shown. In panel B, the mean ApoCell-PhI values of SS-derived MDM were marginally different compared to MDM (p = 0.06).</p>
Mexican-American children's perspectives: neighborhood characteristics and physical activity in Texas-Mexico border colonias.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The qualitative study described in this article investigated perceptions about environmental factors influencing physical activity (PA) among children from underserved neighborhoods known as colonias in the U.S.-Mexico border. Ten focus groups were conducted with 67 Mexican-American colonia children ages 8 to 13 living in one of the poorest border counties in the U.S. Analyses indicated that PA among children was influenced by neighborhood characteristics, including litter, speeding cars, unleashed dogs, and dark streets. The children also underlined intrapersonal and social environmental factors. Findings may inform policy makers and public health professionals about ways to promote PA among underserved children through urban planning and programs focusing on PA-supportive infrastructure, neighborhood safety, and family- and home-based physical activities.
Quantitative evaluation of crack damage under a variable temperature environment based on a Gaussian mixture model

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

During the operation of high-speed trains, components are prone to fatigue crack damage under the action of cyclic loading and extreme temperature environments. Temperature change has become an important factor for monitoring the health of high-speed train structures. A new fatigue crack size quantification method under a variable temperature environment based on a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is presented in this paper. A series of damage indexes are proposed to characterize the interaction mechanism between the signal and crack under temperature change. Moreover, multidimensional damage indexes extracted by the fusion of dimensionality reduction technology are used to establish a complete working condition baseline GMM database. The service temperature of the structure is determined according to the maximum similarity criterion between the baseline GMMs and detection GMMs. Furthermore, the quantitative crack length detection model is established at each temperature. To validate the effectiveness of the method, fatigue crack experiments in a variable temperature environment are carried out. The verification results show that this method can detect fatigue crack growth at different temperatures.
13,14-dihydro-PGE1, an in-vivo metabolite of PGE1, decreases mitotic activity induced by corticosteroid administration.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

PGE1 has antimitotic activity by virtue of its effect in increasing cAMP in vascular smooth muscle cells. The present study compares the effect of 13,14-dihydro-PGE1 (13,14-DH-PGE1) with PGE1 in an experimental model of stress induced by desoxycorticosterone in the rabbit. 13,14-DH-PGE1 significantly inhibited the stress-induced increase in mitotic activity, measured by autoradiography as percentage of 3H-thymidine positive cells, in all 3 abdominal aortic wall layers. Administration prior to stress was more effective than after stress, while combined administration was most effective. 13,14-DH-PGE1 exerts approximately 90% of the antimitotic activity of PGE1. It seems possible that the antimitotic activity observed after administration of intravenous PGE1 is attributable in part to 13,14-DH-PGE1.
Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosus: Cell Factory per la produzione di olio di nuova generazione

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The route to a sustainable bioeconomy requires the development of robust biobased processes, which enable an efficient transformation of complex low-cost biomasses into added-value bioproducts. One of the main biobased products is the microbial oil from oleaginous yeast species, which have long been recognised as an alternative resource for biodiesel production. However, the costs associated to the production of microbial lipids starting from high-quality carbon sources remain prohibitively high for the process scale-up and commercialization. For this reason, the use of low-cost substrates represents one key issue to make microbial lipids production sustainable. Microbial lipids, also known as single cell oils (SCO), can be produced from a number of renewable resources. Oleaginous microorganisms can convert biomass sugars into lipids up to more than 20% of their dry mass. The lipogenesis process is triggered by specific culture conditions, namely nitrogen, phosphate or sulphate limitations. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the metabolic features of Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosus, an oleaginous yeast with several favourable qualities: it is fast growing, it accumulates high amounts of lipid and has a very broad substrate spectrum. Its resistance to hydrolysis by-products and genetic accessibility make it a promising Cell Factory for custom tailored microbial oils. C. oleaginosus can accumulate up to 60% of its biomass as lipids, and several studies in the literature have optimized fermentation conditions to accumulate over 70% of its biomass as lipids. This work focused on the state of the art about innovative and sustainable biorefinery schemes involving the promising yeast C. oleaginosus. This species is able to grow by using as a substrate several compounds such as acetic acid, biodiesel-derived glycerol, aromatic compounds, N-acetylglucosamine (a by-product from the fish sector), cheese whey permeate, amino-rich wastes, agro-industrial waste, wastepaper and activated sludge. Finally, the main engineering techniques of C. oleaginosus were reported as further improvement of the strain to produce microbial lipids. To conclude, this work highlights the great metabolic capacities of this yeast and the possible engineering processes as a further step towards an increasingly sustainable production of a new generation oil.
The Judicial Enforceability of Socio Economic Rights in Ethiopia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Socio economic rights have the objective of addressing economic and societal problems, such as hunger, homelessness, illiteracy and disease. The Socio economic rights need adequate resources for their progressive realizations. The realization of Socio economic rights need right handed policies for developmental projects such as housing, infrastructures of different kinds, education and health institutions. Socio economic rights are fundamental to the quality of life. A fundamental reform of the social security system is one of the ways of addressing past injustices in South Africa.
Late Onset Anorexia Nervosa Treated With Olanzapine: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A case of late onset anorexia nervosa (AN) treated with olanzapine is reported. The patient suffered AN onset at the age of 53 and was brought to our attention four years later in a very poor state of health due to extreme starvation and laxative abuse. She presented severe obsessions about food, a very disturbed body image, and “ascetic” rituals of self-punishment. There was no improvement of her symptoms with cognitive behavioural therapy, antidepressant drugs and inpatient nutritional therapy. After the prescription of olanzapine, the patient was more cooperative and able to maintain a stable acceptable weight, although her psychiatric and anorexic symptoms only improved partially.
Generation of Equivalent-Circuit Models From Simulation Data of a Thermal System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we develop a methodology to obtain medium-order electrical equivalent circuits (ECs) of the thermal behavior of electronic systems. The method combines several elements: 1) the use of detailed finite-element (FE) simulations of steady-state thermal behavior; 2) graph partitioning of FE meshes to decompose the geometry at intermediate levels of detail; and 3) physically guided estimation of the parameters of the EC. To obtain richer training datasets, we also develop a method to include fictitious heat sources inside the FE model. This approach yields modular medium-order models for extensive and complicated geometries, such as a power-electronic chip. Moreover, representing the thermal behavior with an EC enables coupled simulations of electrothermal behavior, which are important in power electronics. We test our algorithms on a multimaterial pole of a dc motor and electronic chip. Excellent agreement in modeling both steady-state and transient behaviors was obtained.
Measurement of water adsorption on aqsoa type zeolites under static and dynamic conditions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

There has been an increase in the research of adsorption chillers in recent years due to more emphases of nations in more environmentally friendly and energy saving technologies. The development of adsorption chiller has strong interest as compared to conventional mechanical compression chillers and heat pump as it uses waste heat and does not have environmentally unfriendly chlorofluorocarbons. Recently, there are new adsorbents called AQSOA-Z01 and AQSOA-Z02 zeolites and was developed by Mitsubishi Plastics Inc. The experiments were carried out to understand the behaviour of these two materials under static and dynamic conditions. In order to understand the characteristics and property of both zeolites, N2 adsorption or desorption isotherm using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) equation and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are conducted. The amount and rate of uptakes of the adsorbate (water vapour) on the adsorbents (AQSOA-Z01 and AQSOA-Z02) were measured for the temperatures of 298K, 313K and 333K with the pressure ranging from 0.0222kPa to 17.971kPa or relative pressure ranging from 0.1 to 0.9. The adsorption uptakes data were then fitted with isotherm models such as Tóth, Dubinin Astakhov, Modified Langmuir and Chakraborty-Sun isotherm for studying static conditions. AQSOA-Z01 has a unique ‘S’ shaped adsorption isotherm of Type V and AQSOA-Z02 observed to have a Type I isotherm. The ‘S’ shaped represents a hydrophobic behaviour at low pressure. The Modified Langmuir isotherm was identified to fit the data for both AQSOA-Z01 and AQSOA-Z02. The difference between the adsorption and desorption isotherm is called the hysteresis behaviour. Qst was calculated using Clausius Clapeyron relations with experimental data, other Qst derived from these isotherms were also added for comparison. However, none of the derived Qst is able to fit the experimental data for both AQSOA-Z01 and AQSOA-Z02. To understand the behaviour of AQSOA-Z01 and AQSOA-Z02 under dynamic conditions, the kinetic model such as Modified Linear Driving Force model was used. Modified Langmuir was used to for the study of kinetic models and Modified Linear Driving Force model is considered to be a good model as it fits the experimental data for both AQSOA-Z01 and AQSOA-Z02. The data acquired from experiments were plotted against isotherm and kinetic model with margin of error of around 5% for a good fitting.