jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Daily mindfulness, motivational conflict, and stress in university students: An experience-sampling study

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

University students have a lot of freedom in organizing their everyday lives, but often also feel stressed and torn between action opportunities. Mindfulness entails the self-regulation of attention on immediate experience and an open and non-judging attitude towards these mental experiences. It is positively related to well-being and to intrapsychic congruence. The aim of the present work is to examine the relationship of daily mindfulness, motivational conflict, and perceived stress in the everyday life of university students. During a week of smartphone-based experience-sampling, 108 university students were asked five times daily about their momentary mindfulness and whether they experience motivational conflicts. Additionally, we assessed perceived stress each evening. The relationship between daily mindfulness, motivational conflict, and perceived stress was analyzed on the daily level with multi-level analyses. Both aggregated daily conflict (i.e., feeling that one should be doing something else) and mindfulness (i.e., being non-judgmental) yielded an effect on perceived stress, even when controlling for between-person differences in study load, for example. Findings underline the relevance of mindfulness for perceived stress in academic contexts and thereby also show an approach to positively influence well-being in university students in the future.
Consultations in Dermatology With Walter B. Shelley, MD, FACP

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

With Dr. Walter B. Shelley, we are examining and discussing a series of patients, many of interest to the pediatrician. Therapy is included and is in detail. The pediatricians will find little joy in the difficult problem of prepuberty alopecia areata—"remember that for some patients (and mothers?) direct explanation, understanding and reassurance are more than adequate help." References for the disorder of each patient are not just listed, but summarized tersely and well.Consultations in Dermatologyare really that—consultations after the pediatrician has used the dermatology section of his own textbook.
A conceptual framework for Islamic architecture

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This book discusses a conceptual framework for Islamic architecture which renders Islamic architecture such a unique subject and much different from other architectural expressions. The issues that form the cornerstones of the conceptual framework for Islamic architecture are dealt with in the paper. The issues discussed are: tawhid (the idea of God’s Oneness), man as the vicegerent (khalifah) on earth and his relationship with environment, comprehensive excellence (ihsan), and Islam as the final and universal revelation. The method adopted in the paper is that the mentioned themes are firstly briefly discussed. That is then followed by exploring the implications of each theme for shaping the identity of Islamic architecture.
Is ASEAN relevant to the security of its members

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The formation of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 1967 was mainly a response to the security needs of its members in the wake of the armed confrontation (konfrontasi) between Indonesia and Malaysia and the communist expansion in the region. In other words, the association’s members have an expectation of effectively preventing the outbreak of armed conflicts in the region and providing its members the support against the external threats. However, whether or not ASEAN has really met the above-mentioned expectations of its members since its creation till present is still debated among scholars today. This paper, therefore, attempts to answer the above question by examining the roles of ASEAN in meeting these needs of its members. The study concludes that ASEAN did meet the above security needs of its members since its birth until 1989. On the contrary, from the early 1990s, ASEAN has failed to meet the security needs due to changing dynamics of power structures in the region. This suggests that ASEAN has to make some institutional reforms; otherwise, it will wither and even become irrelevant in the course of time.
METHOD OF ALLOCATION OF MOUNTING POINTS ON AEROPHOTOGRAPHS OBTAINED BY UNLIMITED AIRCRAFT FOR USE DURING THE CAR

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A retrospective analysis of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the combat zone indicates a steady increase in the use of electronic warfare by the enemy, which reduces the effectiveness of reconnaissance flights of unmanned aerial vehicles, and in some cases leads to their loss. The article considers the prospects of creating and improving high-precision navigation systems, which is currently one of the priority areas for the development of unmanned aerial vehicles and relevant for ensuring high efficiency of unmanned aerial vehicles for both civil and military purposes. To develop and study methods and algorithms for localizing the position of unmanned aerial vehicles based on terrain images obtained by non-identical surveying means, taking into account the influence of electronic warfare on it, the article primarily considers approaches to comparing earth surface images as the main information component. The next step is to assess the correctness of the choice of informative parameters of the anchor points, where the mathematical model for their description and selection is the basis for the development of methods and algorithms for the formation of an autonomous navigation system for unmanned aerial vehicles. Taking into account the research conducted in the work, it was proposed to implement on board the drone intelligent information and calculation system of autonomous navigation, the algorithm of which is based on the logical basis of the SIFT descriptor. Thanks to the software implementation of the approaches proposed in the work and obtained on the basis of their experimental results, it is possible to develop and further improve methods of positioning unmanned aerial vehicles in space.
Relationship Between Family Support and Adherence to Antiretroviral Medication in Patients with HIV at Bhayangkara Hospital, Indramayu, Indonesia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) treatment is one of the most critical factors in the successful management of HIV patients. Family support significantly influences treatment adherence, as family members are closest to the patient and are expected to provide motivation and monitor adherence to ARVs. This study aimed to determine the relationship between family support and ARV adherence among HIV patients. Methods: This study employed an analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The population comprised HIV patients undergoing treatment in the Treatment Support Care Room (PDP) at Bhayangkara Indramayu Hospital, with an average monthly visit rate of 375 patients. A sample of 190 respondents was selected using the Z formula. The sampling technique employed purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test. Results: The findings revealed that 97 respondents (51.1%) reported good family support, and 146 respondents (76.8%) were compliant with taking ARV medication. The statistical analysis showed a p-value of 0.006 (α < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a relationship between family support and adherence to ARV medication in HIV patients. It is recommended for nurses to educate families to provide support to HIV patients in ARV treatment.
Influence of different freezing treatment to the peel on the quality of red wine

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The influence of different freezing temperatures,times and thawing methods of grape on red wine quality was investigated in this paper.The results showed that the destruction to grape was better when the freezing temperature was lower,and the content of total phenols,tannin and colors intensity of wine were higher,so low temperature had decisive effect to the destruction of grape skin.4h freezing was better than 6h at-10℃ and the wine quality was better,so the quality of red wine was not in direct proportion to freezing temperature.Freezing to the whole grape was better than peel,but the treating capacity was larger.The thawing methods had less influence for the destruction of grape.By comprehensive consideration,cryopreservation of grape peel at-10℃ for 4h and thawing naturally were the best treatment and the wine had high quality.
Characterisation of methionine metabolism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa under conditions resembling a chronic cystic fibrosis lung infection

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The first part of this study investigated the influence of the growth conditions in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways on the infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. A global transcriptional analysis of P. aeruginosa gene expression under simulated respiratory tract conditions in vitro in artificial sputum medium (ASM) and under ex vivo CF lung infection conditions was performed. Iron limitation was identified as the crucial factor in the CF airways in vivo. Therefore, ASM-Chelex with increased iron limitation was developed. In conclusion ASM-Chelex mimics in vivo lung infection conditions more precisely. In the second part methionine auxotrophy as adaptation strategy of P. aeruginosa towards the chronic CF lung infection was investigated. In total 30 P. aeruginosa strains isolated from 15 different CF patients were classified by single-nucleotide polymorphisms analysis (SNP). As genetic cause of methionine auxotrophy the gene metF of the cofactor biosynthesis was identified in the majority of investigated clinical isolates. The gene metF encodes for a methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. It was verified that the methionine auxotrophy is selected independently of the mutator phenotype. Notably, the production of the major virulence factor pyocyanin was reduced in all methionine auxotrophic clinical isolates, in PAO1 ∆metF and several methionine metabolism deletion strains. The possible reduced intracellular SAM level was discussed as cause. A transcriptome analysis of PAO1 ∆metF showed upregulation of iron regulated genes. The influence of methionine auxotrophy on iron homeostasis and the possible advantage in iron acquisition of PAO1 ∆metF was discussed. In the third part the antimicrobial activity of ribavirin against P. aeruginosa PAO1 was verified. S-Adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase SahH seems not to be the main target of ribavirin in P. aeruginosa. The inhibition of the enzyme SahH by ribavirin was very low. However, it was shown that the enzyme SahH is an essential part of bacterial metabolism and therefore a powerful drug target candidate. In summary this thesis contributes to the understanding of the underlying adaptation strategies of P. aeruginosa during the CF infection and indicates possible therapeutic strategies.
Combinatorial Properties of the Family of Maximum Stable Sets of a Graph

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The stability number alpha(G) of a graph G is the cardinality of a maximum stable set in G, xi(G) denotes the size of core(G), where core(G) is the intersection of all maximum stable sets of G. In this paper we prove that for a graph G without isolated vertices, the following assertions are true: (i) if xi(G)< 2, then G is quasi-regularizable; (ii) if G is of order n and alpha(G) > (n+k-1)/2, for some k > 0, then xi(G) > k, and xi(G) > k+1, whenever n+k-1 is even. The last finding is a strengthening of a result of Hammer, Hansen, and Simeone, which states that alpha(G) > n/2 implies xi(G) > 0. G is a Koenig-Egervary graph if n equals the sum of its stability number and the cardinality of a maximum matching. For Koenig-Egervary graphs, we prove that alpha(G) > n/2 holds if and only if xi(G) is greater than the size of the neighborhood of core(G). Moreover, for bipartite graphs without isolated vertices, alpha(G) > n/2 is equivalent to xi(G) > 1. We also show that Hall's marriage Theorem is valid for Koenig-Egervary graphs, and it is sufficient to check Hall's condition only for one specific stable set, namely, for core(G).
Heparin improves oxygenation and minimizes barotrauma after severe smoke inhalation in an ovine model.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Inhalation injury is one of the main causes of mortality in burn victims. The tracheobronchial epithelium sloughs and combines with a protein rich exudate to form casts of the airways that can lead to obstruction. We studied the effects of a continuous infusion of heparin on the acute pulmonary injury that occurs after smoke inhalation injury in sheep. Twelve ewes with vascular catheters received a standardized smoke inhalation injury and mechanical ventilation according to protocol for 72 hours. The heparin group (n = 6) received a 400 unit per kilogram bolus of heparin followed by a continuous infusion to maintain the activated clotting time between 250 to 300 seconds. The control group (n = 6) received a saline solution vehicle. Hemodynamics, blood gases and plasma samples for conjugated dienes were taken every six hours. At necropsy, pulmonary tissue was collected for histologic findings, polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukosequestration, wet-to-dry weight ratios and conjugated dienes. PaO2 to FIO2 ratios were improved in the heparin group compared with the control group at 12 to 72 hours after injury, and peak airway pressures were higher in the control group compared with the heparin group. Positive end expiratory pressure requirements were higher in the control group compared with the heparin group. There were significantly fewer airway tracheobronchial casts as determined by our tracheobronchial casts scoring system (2.4 +/- 0.4 versus 0.67 +/- 0.21) and confirmed by histologic examination. Pulmonary blood-free wet-to-dry weight ratios were higher in the control group compared with the heparin group (6.4 +/- 0.5 versus 5.2 +/- 0.1; p < 0.05). There were no differences in pulmonary tissue or plasma conjugated dienes; likewise, pulmonary leukosequestration was unaffected by heparin. Heparin decreases tracheobronchial cast formation, improves oxygenation, minimizes barotrauma and reduces pulmonary edema in an ovine model of severe smoke inhalation injury. Heparin does not reduce oxygen free radical activity after smoke inhalation injury.
Algicidal bacteria trigger contrasting responses in model diatom communities of different composition

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Algicidal bacteria are important players regulating the dynamic changes of plankton assemblages. Most studies on these bacteria have focused on the effect on single algal species in simple incubation experiments. Considering the complexity of species assemblages in the natural plankton, such incubations represent an oversimplification and do not allow making further reaching conclusions on ecological interactions. Here, we describe a series of co‐incubation experiments with different level of complexity to elucidate the effect of the algicidal bacterium Kordia algicida on mixed cultures of a resistant and a susceptible diatom. The growth of the resistant diatom Chaetoceros didymus is nearly unaffected by K. algicida in monoculture, while cells of the susceptible diatom Skeletonema costatum are lysed within few hours. Growth of C. didymus is inhibited if mixed cultures of the two diatoms are infected with the bacterium. Incubations with filtrates of the infected cultures show that the effects are chemically mediated. In non‐contact co‐culturing we show that low concentrations of the lysed algae support the growth of C. didymus , while higher concentrations trigger population decline. Complex cascading effects of algicidal bacteria have thus to be taken into account if their ecological role is concerned.
APPLICATION OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY IN THE VILLAGE OF POLOHUNGO

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study has a problem formulation, namely how to implement financial accountability in the village of Polohungo and has the aim of describing the application of village financial accountability in Pulohungo Village. This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative method approach, descriptive research type. This research uses data analysis techniques of the Miles and Huberman model with the following stages 1) Data Reduction, 2) Data Display and Conclusion Chart Drawing/Verification. The results of this study indicate that the application of the Pulohungo Village Financial Accountability is satisfactory, and in accordance with the prevailing laws and regulations. In ADD and DD planning, Planning and Development Deliberation activities have been carried out both at the hamlet level, at the village level, and at the sub-district level by involving BPD, LPMD, and representatives from the community. The purpose of this activity is to accommodate the aspirations of all elements, both the community and the village administration so that it is hoped that village development will take place as planned and in accordance with the priority scale. Implementation accountability has taken place satisfactorily and in accordance with established procedures. The use of ADD and DD funds have been used in accordance with the ADD Fund Usage Plan.
Identification and Characterization of Two New S-Adenosylmethionine-Dependent Methyltransferase Encoding Genes Suggested Their Involvement in Stipe Elongation of Flammulina velutipes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two new SAM-dependent methyltransferase encoding genes (fvsmt1 and fvsmt2) were identified from the genome of Flammulina velutipes. In order to make a comprehensive characterization of both genes, we performed in silico analysis of both genes and used qRT-PCR to reveal their expression patterns during the development of F. velutipes. There are 4 and 6 exons with total length of 693 and 978 bp in fvsmt2 and fvsmt1, respectively. The deduced proteins, i.e., FVSMT1 and FVSMT2 contained 325 and 230 amino acids with molecular weight 36297 and 24894 Da, respectively. Both proteins contained a SAM-dependent catalytic domain with signature motifs (I, p-I, II, and III) defining the SAM fold. SAM-dependent catalytic domain is located either in the middle or at the N-terminal of FVSMT2 and FVSMT1, respectively. Alignment and phylogenic analysis showed that FVSMT1 is a homolog to a protein–arginine omega-N-methyltransferase, while FVSMT2 is of cinnamoyl CoA O-methyltransferase type and predicted subcellular locations of these proteins are mitochondria and cytoplasm, respectively. qRT-PCR showed that fvsmt1 and fvsmt2 expression was regulated in different developmental stages. The maximum expression levels of fvsmt1 and fvsmt2 were observed in stipe elongation, while no difference was found in mycelium and pileus. These results positively demonstrate that both the methyltransferase encoding genes are involved in the stipe elongation of F. velutipes.
Cortical responses to moderate- and high-speed gratings extending 60° in the peripheral visual field

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

We investigated the BOLD response to motion presented to large visual fields. We stimulated the visual cortex using moderate (0.26 c/deg, contrast 50%, 38 deg/sec) and high speed (0.018 c/deg, contrast 50%, 571 deg/sec) drifting gratings, projected to a large field of view (~60°). These stimuli had the same contrast envelope (50%) and temporal frequency (10 Hz), and very similar contrast sensitivity (~500) at all eccentricities. Stimuli differed only in spatial frequency, and hence speed (by a factor of 14). We measured BOLD responses to these stimuli in various subcortical and cortical visual areas with a GE 3T scanner (Excite HDx, GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI), using a block design. Stimuli were presented with a novel optical setup capable of projecting wide-field images at 120 Hz. Retinotopic maps for ten healthy volunteers were constructed using (i) horizontal and vertical meridian stimulation, (ii) upper, lower, left and right stimulation of the four visual quadrants and (iii) checkerboard stimuli to map eccentricity. Stimuli were viewed monocularly (right eye). Despite the 14-fold difference in spatial frequency and speed, causing very different stimulation of magno and parvo cells, responses in both the lateral geniculate nuclei and the superior colliculi were similar to the two stimuli. In several cortical areas, including V1 (except the far periphery), V3, V3ab, LOC, hMT+, V6 and V7, the BOLD response was the same to both stimulus speeds. However, there was a distinct preference to moderate-speed gratings in areas of the ventral stream, V2 and V4. And in the extreme periphery of V1, and possibly an adjacent area not previously mapped (that could correspond to the monkey prostriata), there was a clear preference for fast-moving gratings. This points to different selectivity for speed in the dorsal and ventral streams, after primary visual cortex. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2016
Using Headspace Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry to Investigate the Volatile Terpenoids Released from the Liquidambar formosana Leaf and Its Essential Oil

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Phytoncides and aromatherapy scents mainly derive from plant secondary metabolites and are now well known for their health benefits. In this study, we analyzed the chemical composition of the leaf-derived essential oil of Liquidambar formosana (Altingiaceae) using GC-MS; we also investigated the VOCs released from L. formosana leaves and the leaf essential oil at different temperatures by means of headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS). Regarding the VOCs of the leaves, monoterpenes predominated the VOCs at both temperatures, mainly comprising sabinene, followed by γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, and α-pinene. The intensity of the leaf VOCs at 50 °C was nearly three times higher than that at 25 °C; the emission of monoterpenes significantly increases at higher environmental temperatures. The VOC emissions of oxygenated monoterpenes from the leaf essential oil increased at higher temperatures (50 °C), especially those of terpinen-4-ol. Our results reveal that HS-GC-MS can be used to conveniently and directly analyze the VOCs emitted from L. formosana leaves and their essential oils and to evaluate the influence of temperature on the composition of the VOCs of specimens. These VOC studies will assist in the sustainable development and utilization of L. formosana trees for forest therapy, as well as the use of their leaf essential oil for aromatherapy.
End of Life Ethical Dilemma

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Dr. Stalter notes that this is written in a technical, non-biased voice and describes the ethical situation of a 93-year-old female suffering from Alzheimer’s disease who entering the first phases of death. Heiser employs Catalano’s (2009) ethical decision making algorithm to analyze the situation and creatively explains the roles of the granddaughter and nurse. Solutions to the dilemma are demonstrated in a way that empathy is felt by the reader. Finally, the writing skills, grammar, font, spelling, APA 6th edition format, and page length were met at a level exemplary of integrating writing criteria. 1