jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Annealing time, temperature, and field dependence of pinned magnetic moments in the collinear antiferromagnet PdMn

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Magnetic annealing of the collinear antiferromagnet PdMn with excess Pd produces strongly pinned magnetic moments in the annealing field direction. This behaviour can be understood with the help of the magnetic-field-biased diffusion model. Here, the magnetic field creates an energy difference between the two possible occupations of the antiferromagnetic Mn-sublattices by the Pd-excess atoms. This, mediated by diffusion, leads to an imbalance in the amount of the Pd-excess atoms in these sublattices and, subsequently, to an imbalance in the total magnetization of the sublattices. We investigate this effect's dependence on the annealing field, time, and temperature. The results are then compared to the results of the magnetic-field-biased diffusion model, which gives good agreement.
Tooth Enamel Thickness in the Mature Dentition of Domestic Dogs and Cats - Preliminary Study

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The thickness of the enamel of dogs and cats was measured in 194 teeth. The enamel was found to be thinner than that of human teeth, varing in thickness from 0.1mm-1mm. The “enamel bulge” coronal to the cemento-enamel junction does not consist of a thickened area of enamel.
HIRSUTUM) IN CONVENTIONAL AND NO TILLAGE SYSTEMS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Studies were conducted to evaluate weed management programs in non-transgenic, Buctril-resistant, and Roundup-resistant cotton in no-tillage and conventional-tillage environments. Tillage did not affect the level of weed control provided by herbicides evaluated. Early season stunting in no-tillage cotton was 3 % regardless of herbicide system and was transient. Conventionally tilled cotton yielded 17 % more on average than no-tillage cotton. Excellent (&gt; 90%) velvetleaf, common lambsquarters, jimsonweed, Ipomoea morningglory spp., and prickly sida control was achieved with programs containing Staple, Buctril, and Roundup. Residual herbicide inputs were necessary for adequate large crabgrass and goosegrass control. Buctril and Staple postemergence did not control sicklepod unless supplemented with MSMA and followed by a late post-directed treatment of Bladex plus MSMA. Herbicide programs that included Roundup controlled sicklepod regardless of late postemergence-directed treatment. When Cotoran applied preemergence was included in Buctril programs, net returns were at least $375 A-1 and not different from the higher-yielding programs in non-transgenic cotton. Late-season weed control was usually greater than 90 % from Roundup programs and net returns from Roundup programs were as high or higher than net returns from programs that utilized mid-season treatments of Buctril, Staple, or Cotoran plus MSMA.
EXTERNALIZING CONTENTION

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Twenty-six years after democracy fell in their country, a group of Chilean exiles informed Spanish magistrate Balthazar Garzón that General Augusto Pinochet was visiting London. Garzón immediately issued a extradition request to the British government to interrogate Pinochet for human rights crimes against Spanish citizens during the years when he was Chile's ruler (Lutz and Sikkink 2001b: 12). The decision electrified supporters of human rights around the world and was a beacon in their hope for the development of a law of universal jurisdiction (Lutz and Sikkink 2001a; also see Davis 2003).
Stress granule-mediated sequestration of EGR1 mRNAs correlates with lomustine-induced cell death prevention

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Some chemotherapy drugs modulate the formation of stress granules (SGs), which are RNA-containing cytoplasmic foci contributing to stress response pathways. How SGs mechanistically contribute to pro-survival or pro-apoptotic functions must be better defined. The chemotherapy drug lomustine promotes SG formation by activating the stress-sensing eIF2α kinase HRI (encoded by the EIF2AK1 gene). Here, we applied a DNA microarray-based transcriptome analysis to determine the genes modulated by lomustine-induced stress and suggest roles for SGs in this process. We found that the expression of the pro-apoptotic EGR1 gene was specifically regulated in cells upon lomustine treatment. The appearance of EGR1-encoding mRNA in SGs correlated with a decrease in EGR1 mRNA translation. Specifically, EGR1 mRNA was sequestered to SGs upon lomustine treatment, probably preventing its ribosome translation and consequently limiting the degree of apoptosis. Our data support the model where SGs can selectively sequester specific mRNAs in a stress-specific manner, modulate their availability for translation, and thus determine the fate of a stressed cell.
Behind the Dead Sea Scrolls: The Sons of Zadok, the Priests and Their Priestly Ideology

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The manuscript discoveries in the caves overlooking Qumran on the shores of the Dead Sea are of interest to all sorts and conditions of people. Those who know little about the Bible, or the writings of the rabbis and Church Fathers, are very often the keenest to know more about the Dead Sea Scrolls. Books about the manuscripts and the people who wrote them are as popular with publishers as they are with readers: the books sell. From the very outset, the Dead Sea Scrolls have offered mystery and romance in almost equal measure. The story of their discovery remains something of a puzzle; and recent suggestions that delayed publication of the documents was the result of a kind of conspiracy have contrived to perpetuate the mystique which seems destined to surround them for years to come.
Dystopian art in the post-truth era

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The aim of this case study was to analyze critically acclaimed dystopian works from the Information Age, in order to create a loose framework for contemporary dystopian art. Based on this framework, a multimedia installation artwork titled We Will Miss You was developed. This installation was included in the Blind Spot exhibition at Gallery Himmelblau in April 2019. \n \nThe film Koyaanisqatsi by Godfrey Reggio, and the artworks Day Is Done by Mike Kelley and Still Life (Betamale) by Jon Rafman were analyzed, and a variety of articles and literature on relevant topics such as post-internet art was consulted. A number of important connecting factors that appear in most of these works were found. These factors consisted mainly of a heavy reliance on non-fictional footage and direct documentation of real life, a focus on aesthetic beauty in order to captivate the audience, and a focus on changing the perspective or variables in everyday rituals in order to expose underlying systems. \n \nBased on feedback from visitors of We Will Miss You, it appears the artwork was mostly well-received, and promoted a strong sense of discomfort and reflection. This indicates that the concept of a dystopia can still be a very powerful tool that has not lost its relevance in the arts.
Estimation of Preferential Pairing Rates in Second-Generation Autotetraploid Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Although previously disregarded, polyploidy, and in particular autopolyploidy, is now believed to have played a prominent role in the evolution of plants and animals. We estimated the rate of preferential pairing in second-generation autotetraploid Pacific oysters from gametic frequencies. We found significant levels of preferential pairing in these recently generated autopolyploids, suggesting that genetic variation in standing populations may play a role in meiotic mechanisms of polyploids derived from these populations.
Age‐Related Changes in Nestling Diet of the Cooperatively Breeding Green Woodhoopoe

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract In many socially monogamous bird species, parents of altricial young respond to the increasing demands of growing nestlings by increasing their feeding rate and the size of prey items delivered and by altering the types of prey provided. In some cooperatively breeding species, similar changes in feeding rate and prey size have been documented. However, potential changes in the types of prey delivered, both as nestlings age and by different group members, remain largely unexplored. Moreover, studies rarely compare the diet fed to nestlings with that eaten by the provisioning adults themselves. Here, I show that green woodhoopoe ( Phoeniculus purpureus ) nestlings receive a smaller proportion of spiders and larger proportions of caterpillars and centipedes as they grow older. Both male and female adults delivered a higher proportion of spiders to young nestlings than they ate while self‐feeding, probably in response to particular nutritional requirements of the chicks. However, only males altered the proportions of caterpillars and centipedes delivered, providing smaller proportions to young nestlings than eaten themselves. These prey items may be too large for young nestlings to handle, and males may make a greater adjustment in provisioning diet than females because they collect more caterpillars and centipedes than do females. Although there were sex differences in provisioning diet, there were no differences between same‐sex breeders and helpers in terms of the overall proportions of prey delivered or the changes with nestling age. Hence, individuals of different reproductive status may be following the same provisioning rules, at least in terms of prey type.
Design and Realization of SCM Network Based on a New Symmetry Array with Five Feed Sources

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Under unmanned, highly dynamic and low elevation conditions, SCM network based on a new symmetry array with five feed sources is an effective method to adapt with new requirements. Based on analysis of its application background, system design, feed array design and SCM network design, the realization approach is clarified with theory analysis and comparing with conventional methods.
Ultra-low energy bi-state microactuator with wireless power and control capability

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a microactuator suitable for driving microfluidic valves for biomedical applications, which features zero-energy consumption between actuations with bistate latching. Wireless power transfer based on inductive magnetic field coupling and wireless control over a communication link across the same channel are proposed for the actuator. The actuation is based on electropermanent magnets which combine hard and semi-hard magnets to form an electrically triggered bi-stable latching. A practical actuator is designed and built, which demonstrated that only a short current pulse with a magnitude of 1.7A and width of 120μs is needed to toggle the actuator states. This leads to an energy consumption of 2.5mJ per actuation, and there is no need for power to maintain the states. In addition, a supercapacitor energy buffering circuit is developed to meet the peak current requirement for actuation using a low power rating inductive power supply. The final system is proven to be energy efficient, flexible, and safe for microfluidic applications.
Integrated AHP, Profile Matching, and TOPSIS for selecting type of goats based on environmental and financial criteria

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Goat farm businessman should considered environmental and financial criteria in breeding their commodities. The environmental factors are temperature, humidity, rain intensity, and altitude. For financial criteria, used several sub criteria i.e NPV (Net Present Value), ROI (Return On Investment), BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio), PBP (Payback Period), and BEP (Break Event Point) to determine financial feasibility. This research aims to develop a decision support system for selecting type of goat to breed by combining AHP, Profile Matching, and TOPSIS. AHP method was used for calculating the weight, Profile Matching for environment suitability evaluation, and TOPSIS for producing a valid decision that represents the goat expert's decision. The result showed that three methods can be integrated, and an experimental results which was validated by expert show that Bligon goat had the highest preference value (0.8835847). This can be concluded that DSS decision was valid and it successfully represented expert’s consideration.
Indirect Costs of Structural Interventions—Reply

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The effect of Design Guideline for Expressway Facilities

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Background The purpose of this study is to analyze the preference for highway facilities using before and after images and to assess the satisfaction of highway facilities. Throughout this process, the study shows the effectiveness of a public design guideline for highway facilities by the Korea Expressway Corporation. Methods The before images show the current facilities and the simulated after images represent the facilities that follow the public design guideline. The assessment is analyzed by the t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results The study found that the highway facilities with a public design guideline were mostly upgraded and the difference between the before and after images was considered statistically significant. Especially, all after images were valued over 4 in every assessment. Also, this study shows that there can be a difference of perception on a project between experts and common users. Thus, a public design guideline should be examined from the users’ point of view for practicality and usefulness. Conclusions The results of this study prove the effectiveness of a public design guideline and help implement an improvement project with guideline sustainability. Moreover, the results make it possible to analyze each facility characteristic and arrange specific management practices for highway facilities.
Improvements to gearbox acoustics via thrust collars

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Thrust collars relieve the gearbox housing of the axial force and tilting moments generated by helical gears. The different transfer path also reduces the vibration excitation of the housing due to meshing, which could lead to improved acoustics. This paper presents measurements of noise level reduction of an experimental gearbox. A gearbox dynamics simulation model is used to investigate the effects resulting from the inclusion of thrust collars.
Tertiary prevention interventions for patients with stroke in African countries: a systematic review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives To summarise the best available evidence on tertiary prevention interventions for patients with stroke conducted in African countries, identify the gaps in stroke prevention research and augment efforts to establish stroke rehabilitation guidelines in African countries. Design We performed a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement on the basis of a published protocol. Data sources We conducted a systematic search of nine electronic databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library and African Index Medicus, published until August 2023 and additionally contacted authors and screened reference lists. Eligibility criteria We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies on African adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of stroke. The primary outcome was global disability, and secondary outcomes were neurologic function scales. Data extraction and synthesis Two authors independently screened the search results, with data extracted by one author and verified by a second author. The data were narratively synthesised. A meta-analysis was done using a random-effects model for metric data using standardised mean differences. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Results Of 3305 publications, 25 studies met the inclusion criteria involving cumulatively 973 patients with subacute and chronic stroke. Two-thirds of the trials were conducted in Nigeria and Egypt. The interventions covered physiotherapeutic, electrophysiologic, psychotherapeutic and transitional care domains with mostly beneficial outcomes. All included studies were RCTs with some concerns about methodologic quality. Conclusion This systematic review comprises heterogeneous effective interventions for tertiary stroke prevention mostly conducted in small productive research clusters. There is a growing body of research from African countries covering important fields of stroke rehabilitation, including local adaptations of the rehabilitation process and new knowledge concerning transcranial magnetic stimulation. There remains an urgent need to implement interventions aimed at overcoming barriers to stroke rehabilitation. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020159125.
Analysis of Passive Panel Flutter Control using Micro-Ramp

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Previously, we have investigated the effect of shock wave/boundary layer interaction (SBLI) on a flexible panel flutter characteristics. The results indicate that a sufficiently strong laminar SBLI causes flow separation near the point of impingement, causing onset of chaotic but self-sustained flutter in the panel. Whereas, for weak turbulent SBLI the flow separation does not occur and the panel exhibits a single frequency limit cycle oscillations. In this work, we investigate panel flutter suppression using micro-ramp installed upstream of the impingement location as a passive flutter suppression device for pressure ratio of 1.4 and 1.8 in laminar and turbulent flow conditions. The results indicate that for turbulent SBLI, where flow separation does not occur, the panel flutter amplitude is suppressed by a factor of 1.37 to 1.72 at the expense of a minute increase in the frequency. On the other hand, for laminar SBLI, a complex interaction occurs due to the micro-ramp, which in the best case produced up to a factor of 5.55 reduction in the flutter frequency and a factor of 4.73 increase in the flutter amplitude.
A previously undescribed set of Saprolegnia spp. in the invasive spiny-cheek crayfish (Orconectes limosus, Rafinesque)

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Coinciding with a population decline in the invasive spiny-cheek crayfi sh Orconectes limosus in Lake Constance, SW Germany, we found crayfi sh specimens with a fungus-like Aufwuchs which after DNA-isolation and sequencing was identifi ed as consisting of a set of previously undescribed Saprolegnia species.This fi nding may have implications for the farming and conservation of native crayfi sh as well as for the lake's ecosystem.We propose that spiny-cheek crayfi sh might function as a disease vector for these potential pathogens.
The ERMES complex and ER–mitochondria connections

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cellular organelles need to communicate in order to co-ordinate homoeostasis of the compartmentalized eukaryotic cell. Such communication involves the formation of membrane contact sites between adjacent organelles, allowing privileged exchange of metabolites and information. Using a synthetic protein designed to artificially tether the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) to mitochondria, we have discovered a yeast protein complex naturally involved in establishing and maintaining contact sites between these two organelles. This protein complex is physiologically involved in a plethora of mitochondrial processes, suggesting that ER–mitochondria connections play a central co-ordinating role in the regulation of mitochondrial biology. Recent biochemical characterization of this protein complex led to the discovery that GTPases of the Miro family are part of ER–mitochondria connections. The yeast Miro GTPase Gem1 localizes to ER–mitochondria interface and influences the size and distribution of mitochondria. Thus Miro GTPases may serve as regulators of the ER–mitochondria connection.
Training future agriculture professionals in landowner–tenant conservation decision‐making

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The landowner–tenant relationship is important to the implementation of conservation on agricultural lands. Women own or co‐own a significant portion of U.S. farmland yet are underrepresented in conservation research. The next generation of agriculture professionals can benefit from first‐hand experience in assisting women landowners and their tenants in navigating the complexities of conservation decision‐making. This article analyzes undergraduate student perceptions of landowner–tenant relationships in conservation management through their engagement in case studies with women landowner–tenant pairs in the Western Corn Belt. Student groups were asked to complete a management improvement plan that both incorporated the agronomic and conservation goals discussed by the landowners and tenants, following a field trip and interviews with the landowners, tenants, and other key stakeholders. Assessment data included a quantitative survey of career goals and conservation attitudes, qualitative reflections at start and end of course, and autoethnographic observations. The case studies presented students with new knowledge challenging previously held assumptions, leading some students to reconsider landowner–tenant relationships and conservation decision‐making. However, students returned to existing gendered norms and production‐oriented stereotypes when applying this knowledge in real‐world farm management plans. Although students gained firsthand valuable experience from the case studies, a one‐semester case study was insufficient to significantly shift student perceptions. We recommend that more curricular experiences incorporate the complexities of agricultural decision‐making to better equip future agricultural professionals with skills to ensure environmental and social sustainability outcomes.
Data-driven spectral features of directional DBS electrodes and dDBS-ECoG connectivity

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Directional DBS electrodes are a novel probe design enabling targeted stimulation of subcortical structures. Here, we leverage methods of broadband time-amplitude correlation and spectral power comparison to demonstrate and characterize the unique directional sensing ability of these novel probes. This work avoids preset frequency banding to highlight the electrode- and anatomy-specific spectral characteristics within each subject's neural recordings. Using precise whole-brain reconstruction, spectral features are associated with specific subcortical structures across six patients implanted for treatment of neurological movement disorders, supporting the utility of directional leads as a tool for biomarker sensing and discovery.