jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Cell delivery with genipin cross-linked gelatin microcarrier in liver tissue engineeing

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Tissue engineering has shown vast advancement in alleviating the urgent need for donor organs. Three-dimensional scaffolding concept in tissue engineering holds a promising approach in developing liver tissue to replace or restore the functions of degenerated liver. Herein, an optimised fabricated genpin cross-linked gelatin microspheres of two size-ranges that provide an injectable method for HepG2 cell delivery was introduced. Optimised conditions of subsequent incubation temperature at 37oC and ethanol concentration of 90% were achieved to allow the synthesis of uniform cross-linked and well dispersed microspheres. Fluorescent live/dead staining illustrated a metabolically active, viable cell aggregation on both sizes of microspheres but greater cell aggregates formations were seen on large spheres which was confirmed by SEM observations. As tested by WST-1 assay, cells cultured on large spheres were proven to have better proliferation rate than in small spheres. Maintenance of cell functionalities throughout the culture period was confirmed by albumin and urea secretions. Collectively, the results have shown a better performance of large spheres as scaffold in cell delivery, where more viable cells and enhanced functionalities were observed. Proposed reason of such observations might be due to substrate curvature, which affects the energy required for microtubules bending in anchorage dependent HepG2 cells for adhesion onto substrate. Microtubules in HepG2 cells, responsible for many diverse liver-specific functions, when disrupted may cause undesired effects on the subsequent cellular processes and activities. Besides raising the awareness on the possible effects of scaffold structure on cells behaviours, this study had assured the superior usage of microspheres as microcarriers in cell delivery purposes in the field of tissue engineering research.
[Lyophilized Saccharomyces boulardii: example of a probiotic medicine].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Saccharomyces boulardii is a natural yeast without genetic modification isolated from the bark of the litchi tree in Indochina. In its lyophilized form is an example of the called probiotic medicine. The probiotic denomination is in relation to that itself assets in the gastrointestinal tract in interrelation to that biologic environment. And is labelled as medicine because the lyophilized form has a clinical and pharmaceutical expedient included in the regulation of medicinal products in almost 100 countries.
International Iohexol Shortage: Alternative Contrast Agents and Imaging Procedures for the Urologist

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The COVID-19-related iohexol shortage caused significant hardship for urological care internationally, leading to delayed contrasted imaging studies and urological procedures. Alternative contrast agents, imaging/procedure alternatives, and conservation strategies are reviewed in this work with the goal of equipping the urologist to mitigate the current iodinated contrast shortage and to prepare in the event of a future shortage.
Overnight Hernia Repair: Updated Considerations

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Since 1976 we have repaired 2,325 inguinal or femoral hernias in 1,517 patients; 90% of these patients were admitted on the morning of surgery, and 91% were discharged the day after surgery. To better address the problem of declining strength in repaired tissues, we now use onlay or underlay grafts of synthetic material to enhance each repair. During the past year, 283 cases were done adding Marlex mesh. We have seen no infection or graft rejection in this group, though a few patients had a seroma needing aspiration. Ninety-five percent of these 1,517 patients had returned to their usual work or activity by the end of the first postoperative week. While a sound and lasting repair is the primary concern, patient satisfaction and cost-effectiveness continue to be valuable by-products of this procedure.
TextureGrow: Object Recognition and Segmentation with Limit Prior Knowledge

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we present a new method for automatically visual recognition and semantic segmentation of photographs. Our automatically and rapidly approach based on Cellular Automation. Most of the analysis and description of recognition and segmentation are based on statistical or structural properties of this attribute, most of them need plenty of samples and prior Knowledge. In this paper, within a few evident samples (not too many), we can first get the texture feature of each component and the structures, then select the approximately location randomly of the objects or patches of them, then we use the Cellular Automata algorithm to "grow" based on texture of different objects. The grow progress will stop When texture grow to the boundary. By this steps a new method is found which allow us use very few samples and low lever experience and get a rapidly and accuracy way to recognize and segment objects. We found that this new propose gives competitive results with limited experience and samples.
Are antenatal interventions effective in improving multiple health behaviours among pregnant women? A systematic review protocol.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Maternal behaviours in pregnancy associated with adverse pregnancy, birth and health outcomes include tobacco smoking, poor nutrition, alcohol consumption and low physical activity, collectively referred to as the SNAP risk factors. Due to the high prevalence, co-occurrence, and possible interactive health effects of such health behaviours in pregnancy, antenatal interventions that support pregnant women to improve multiple SNAP behaviours have a greater potential impact on the health outcomes of women and their children than interventions addressing single behaviours. The objective of this review is to determine the effectiveness of interventions delivered as part of antenatal care that aim to improve multiple SNAP behaviours among pregnant women. Methods: Seven electronic databases will be searched for potentially eligible studies. Eligible studies will include those where pregnant women are attending antenatal care. Studies that examine the effect of an intervention that addresses multiple SNAP behaviours (≥ two behaviours) during pregnancy and are delivered or instigated through antenatal care in a healthcare service will be included. Systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), RCTs, cluster RCTs, stepped wedge RCTs, and non-randomised control trials will be eligible. Studies that include a no intervention control, wait-list control group, standard/usual care, or another active single behavioural intervention (e.g. addressing one behaviour only) will be considered. Two independent reviewers will conduct study screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment. Discrepancies will be resolved by consensus or a third reviewer if required. A random effects model will be used to synthesise the results. Alternative synthesis methods will be investigated in instances where a meta-analysis is not appropriate, such as summarising effect estimates, combining P values, vote counting based on direction of effect, or synthesis in narrative form. Discussion: The review will synthesise the evidence on the effect of interventions that address multiple SNAP behaviours in antenatal care, and will help researchers, policy makers, and health services to develop and deliver best practice integrated models of antenatal care that have the potential to impact on both the short and long term health outcomes for women and their children. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO 2018 CRD42018095315
Fabrication of Ordered Arrays of Gold Nanoparticles Coated with High‐Density Polymer Brushes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Gold-Nanopartikel mit enger Größenverteilung wurden durch oberflächeninitiierte lebende Radikalpolymerisation mit wohldefinierten Polymerbürsten beschichtet. Die Goldteilchen bilden hochgeordnete zweidimensionale Strukturen (siehe Bild), und die Abstände zwischen den einzelnen Teilchen können gut kontrolliert werden.
Synthesis, X-ray Crystal Structure, and Reactivity of Y(MAC)(CH2SiMe3)2 (MAC = Deprotonated aza-18-crown-6)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The yttrium dialkyl trans-Y(MAC)(CH2SiMe3)2 (1; MAC = deprotonated aza-18-crown-6) has been isolated and characterized (NMR and X-ray). Complex 1 exhibits high stability toward ligand redistribution and metalation, reacts with CO to form a trans-bis(enolate) by silyl migration, and undergoes alkyl abstraction by B(C6F5)3 to generate the highly unstable cation [Y(MAC)(CH2SiMe3)]+[B(C6F5)3(CH2SiMe3)]-, in situ.
RAMAN SCATTERING AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY OF AxC60

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Raman scattering measurements of line width variations in A x C 60 ultrathin films provide detailed information on vibrational coupling of H g or A g modes relevant to superconductivity. In situ, UHV studies of 400A thick Rb 3 C 60 and K 3 C 60 films indicate somewhat similar behavior, suggesting the predominance of low frequency H g (2) radial modes for electron-phonon coupling. Measurements of nonsuperconducting Na x C 60 in ultrathin films, in contrast, yield reduced line broadening effects for H g (8) and H g (2) modes relative to Rb and K materials.
Feminist initiatives supporting self-managed abortion in legally restrictive settings of Latin America and the Caribbean : Social inequalities and quality of care

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this thesis our aim was to understand social inequalities and quality of care in feminist initiatives supporting self-managed abortion in legally restrictive settings of Latin America and the Caribbean. The thesis includes four studies. In the first one, we conducted a multilevel analysis to examine social inequalities in access and utilization of a feminist telehealth service in Brazil. In the second one, we analyzed post-abortion complications and treatment among Latin American women who used Women on Web service. In the third one, we used a qualitative methodology to understand feminist activists’ perspectives and strategies around quality of abortion care. In the last study, also qualitative, we studied abortion trajectories, experiences with self-managed abortion and assessments of the quality of the care among women who were supported by Women Help Women in Chile. We found evidence of social inequalities linked to age, race, social class and territory, in abortion trajectories, experiences, access and outcomes. We also found that feminist activists contribute with novel elements to the conceptualization and practice of good quality abortion care, particularly in the domains of safety and patient-centeredness.
LITTLE GREY HOME IN THE WEST

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Performer: RICHARD TAUBER Writer: Eardley; Wilmot; Lohr Tenor; With Orchestra; (Sung in English). Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Three stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 3.5mil truncated eliptical, 2.3mil truncated conical, 3.3mil truncated conical. These were recorded flat and then also equalized with Turnover: 300.0, Rolloff: -10.0. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: CE6479-1 Catalog number: AR261 Other IDs from the record include: (CE6479)
Study on the selection and measurement of the effects of the biotic and abiotic inducing agents for the resistance of hami melon against Phytophthora melonis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Sixteen powerful hiotic and abiotic inducers were selected from 40 potential inducing agents according to the effectiveness,readiness and cost tor the resistance of hami melon to phytophitora mclonis.The availability and the security of the induccrs applied in the field were discussed.
Genetically motivated clusters within Atlantic

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter discusses the extent to which Atlantic can be considered a genetic unity. The short answer to the question is, ‘No, it cannot.’ A full answer, however, is more complex and requires considering the history of Atlantic classification, (European) linguistic traditions, and language ideologies. An obvious and agreed-upon first split is between North and South Atlantic, which is no longer a split since the two are no longer considered related. North Atlantic itself has been decomposed into distinct genetic entities, and Bijogo, once thought to be an isolate, is now considered part of one of those entities. The depth of the classification in terms of hierarchical levels with subgroups and various nestings now seems an increasingly unrealistic possibility for Atlantic and perhaps for other, similarly disparate groups as well. Classification with any depth cannot be supported by the presently available evidence. What can be argued for, then, is a more atomized and flatter structure than the familiar ones of the past. What once was monolithic Atlantic must be broken up into different subgroups, which may not be relatable to each other in any traditional way but do possess some local cohesion.
An early islet transcriptional signature is associated with local inflammation in autoimmune diabetes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>Identifying the early islet cellular processes of autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) in humans is challenging given the absence of symptoms during this period and the inaccessibility of the pancreas for sampling. Here, we study temporal events in pancreatic islets in LEW.1WR1 rats, in which autoimmune diabetes can be induced with virus infection, by performing transcriptional analysis of islets harvested during the pre-diabetic period. Single-cell RNA-Seq and differential expression analyses of islets from pre-diabetic rats reveal subsets of β and a cells under stress as evidenced by heightened expression, over time, of a transcriptional signature characterized by interferon-stimulated genes, chemokines including <em>Cxcl10</em>, major histocompatibility class I, and genes for the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Mononuclear phagocytes show increased expression of inflammatory markers. RNA-<em>in situ</em> hybridization of rat pancreatic tissue defines the spatial distribution of <em>Cxcl10</em>+ β and a cells and their association with CD8+ T cell infiltration, a hallmark of insulitis and islet destruction. Our studies define early islet transcriptional events during immune cell recruitment to islets and reveal spatial associations between stressed β and a cells and immune cells. Insights into such early processes can assist in the development of therapeutic and prevention strategies for T1D.</p>
The Repo Auctions of the European Central Bank and the Vanishing Quota Puzzle

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Until June 2000 the European Central Bank &lpar;ECB&rpar; used fixed rate tenders for its weekly repo auctions. A switch to variable rate tenders became necessary due to massive overbidding by banks. In this paper we introduce a stylized game among banks to investigate this overbidding phenomenon. Our results confirm the weakness of the fixed rate tender format and indicate that the ECB's liquidity management has significantly improved since the switch to the variable rate system. Yet recent episodes of rate cut expectations suggest that the ECB's practice of setting a minimum bid rate should be abandoned in favor of a more symmetric interest rate target. Copyright The editors of the "Scandinavian Journal of Economics", 2003 .
Board 172: Engineering Electromagnetics Laboratory Development

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The learning enhancement brought on by hands-on experience is a well-established principle. For most engineering classes, laboratory (lab) experiments make an integral part of the curriculum. In engineering education, we place a lot of significance on student participation in the labs but we seldom make students part of the curriculum and lab development. The skill of creating is the highest step of learning in Bloom's taxonomy. Through active involvement in lab development, students gain higher levels of learning and understanding. It is also well established that a good lab design involves open-ended design to provide sufficient challenge to students in order for them to achieve cognitive learning and practical skills. Our student-developed labs provide open-ended design opportunities to prompt questioning and higher-level evaluation of the knowledge acquired in class. The student who led this lab design and development effort completed this work through the Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities program at our institution She started the laboratory development and experiment designs while enrolled in the engineering electromagnetics course designed for third-year students. The following five labs were developed: 1. Voltage Standing wave ratio (VSWR) 2. Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) with different types of loads (open circuit, short circuit, load match, load undermatch, load overmatch) 3. One-way and round-trip propagation delay 4. Distributed versus Lumped circuits 5. Electromagnetic Compatibility We propose to present the supervised student-led approach to the design and development of undergraduate laboratories. The student designer made significant contributions to the lab design and lab manual documentation by bringing in an important perspective on how students receive, perceive, and process information. For each lab developed, the student designer designed two sets of lab manuals – one for the lab instructor and one for the students. The students' lab manuals limit the detailed information about the analysis of a particular circuit but instead include question prompts to aid student learning by evaluating. To date, we have crafted five comprehensive lab sets, and our ongoing efforts are dedicated to developing additional sets. We have successfully evaluated two of these labs, collecting valuable feedback from students regarding their engagement and perceived improvement in comprehending the associated concepts. By the time we submit a full paper, we will be able to offer the full set of labs and include the survey data in our paper.
Short Range Gravity Potential Self Energy and Nonlinear Potential Dependent Lorentz Transformation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Using Poisson equation beside Maxwell distribution law for very hot star core consisting of elementary particles one can find new Poisson equation. This equation predicts existence of short range gravity force. This short force may have a link with short range nuclear force, thus raises a hope in unifying gravity and nuclear force. This short range field beside long range field secures singular finite self-energy. This central role of potential in unifying self-energy for high relativistic particles at star cores requires seeking Lorentz transformation that accounts for effect of fields. This work derived new Lorentz transformation for accelerated frame. This transformation is potential dependent and reduces to SR and explains time dilation and gravitational red shift.
A CASE REPORT OF INTRAMESENTERIC ABSCESS OCCURRED BY PENETRATION OF A CAN CER OF THE SIGMOID COLON

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 70-year-old woman was hospitalized with signs admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain and vomiting. Abdominal radiograph demonstrated giant gas lesion in her pelvic cavity. Barium enema study showed a stenosis of the sigmoid colon, cavity of which consistent with the giant gas lesion in the radiograph in oral side of the stenosis, and a leakage into the abdominal cavity as well. Three hours after admission, an exploratory laparotomy was performed because of peritoneal stimulant sign and shock. Ascites with stool smell was found in the abdominal cavity. An infant head size mass was found in the sigmoid mesentery, and a cancer of the sigmoid colon was pointed out in this anal side. Hartmann's operation was pesformed. Histological findings showed pT3 well differentiated adenocarcinoma in the mesenteric side, and penetration of intramesenteric abscess 5.5cm in diameter from oral side of the tumor at a distance of 2cm. There was nonspecific acute inflammation between the tumor and the hole continuously. About 1, 000ml of pus was found in the intramesenteric abscess. It is rare that intramesenteric abscess occurred by penetration of the colon. We think it is necessary to distinguish this disease from others in case of abdominal pain without peritonitis, and pyrexia with abnomal findings of liver and billary tract.
An international comparative study of funds supporting for independent innovation and countermeasures of China

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Based on open data of U.S., Japan, Korea, Chinese, we do a comparative study of external funds support for Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) independent innovation. We find that there are varying degrees of problems in promoting independent innovation in China, especially financial system is still not fully play its role in risk diversification and sharing. Strength of the government is still small, relevant policies are not sound, input growth is relatively slow, need to increase its efforts to support independent innovation. To aim at these problems, we respectively put forward two specific strategies and optimization tips, which could strengthen government policy and perfect financial system.
Foods, fish and salmonellosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Foodborne diseases are those caused by the consumption of water and food contaminated by different causal agents such as: viruses, bacteria, parasites, toxins, among others, being considered an important public health problem global due to its incidence and mortality and for several years for the isolation of microorganisms that cause these diseases resistant to antimicrobials. Salmonella species is considered a food pathogen frequently responsible for infectious outbreaks through the consumption of contaminated food, also presenting resistance to different antimicrobials. Fishery products are recognized as an important source of food, nutrition, income and a source of livelihood for a large part of the world's population. However, fish is also considered to be a vehicle that transmits different pathogens (Salmonella spp., Shigella species, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes among others) mainly due to inadequate hygiene practices along the food chain. The purpose of this article is to show in a general way a perspective of foodborne diseases, specifically those caused by bacteria of the genus Salmonella spp., through fish such as tilapia, the control and prevention measures of these pathogens in food, the phenomenon of resistance to antimicrobials by these bacteria isolated in food and fish around the world that exacerbates the problem in food safety and public health. Key words: Salmonella, food, fish, processing, antimicrobial.