jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Disaggregated earnings and the prediction of ROE and stock prices: a case of the banking industry

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Purpose This paper seeks to investigate whether disaggregated bank earnings better predict next period earnings than contemporaneous aggregated earnings. Design/methodology/approach Fairfield et al. 's (1996) regression approach is used for predicting next period's return of equity (ROE) and stock prices using disaggregated earnings data. Findings The results show that the mean adjusted R ‐square significantly increases with the progressive disaggregation of earnings. The results also demonstrate that disaggregated components are better able to predict next period earnings and stock prices than aggregated earnings. Research limitations/implications The findings support the US Financial Accounting Standard Board's contention that disaggregated information may be more useful than aggregated information for investment, credit, and financing decisions. Practical implications Investors and analysts should use disaggregated income statement information in predicting next period earnings and stock prices for the banking industry. Originality/value The main contribution of this paper is to demonstrate how fully disaggregated earnings explain ROE, stock prices, and analysts forecast error in the banking industry.
Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis ofGeranium homeanum Turez Leaves

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Geranium homeanum Turez is a herbaceous plant used as an empirical medicine. This research
was carried out to test the antibacterial activity and determine minimum inhibition concentration
(MIC) to Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with agar diffution method
and phytochemical analysis of geranium leaves by Harbone method. The young and old geranium
leaves were blended then filtrated. The obtained filtrate was divided into two parts, one part heated
by autoclave and the other was unheated. Each filtrate was tested against to Staphylococcus aureus
and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Geranium leaves filtrate having the highest antibacterial activity was
heated at 500C until it become dry powder. The powder was used to measure MIC and phytochemical
analysis.
The results showed that the antibacterial activity of young leaves filtrate was higher than
the old leaves filtrat, and the unheated leaves filtrate was higher than heated filtrate one. MIC of S.
aureus and P. aeruginosa, were as follows 15 mg/ml and 20 mg/mL respectively. The antibacterial
activity of powder geranium’s leaves filtrate was weaker than 100 μg/mL ampicilline. Phytochemical
analysis of geranium leaves showed positive contents of alkaloid and triterpenoid.
Effect of Side-Group-Regulated Dipolar Passivating Molecules on CsPbBr3 Perovskite Solar Cells

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Interfacial passivation of defective perovskite films with a dipole molecule shows a great potential for high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, by regulating the side group of an aniline-based molecule with an electron-withdrawing nitryl (−NO2) or electron-donating methoxyl (−OCH3), the binding energy between −NH2 and under-coordinated Pb2+ in the CsPbBr3 lattice is reinforced, and the dipole-moment-induced surface energy level reconstruction allows for efficient hole extraction for the −OCH3-tailored molecule because of the changed intramolecular electron distribution, whereas −NO2 displays the opposite effect. Finally, the all-inorganic CsPbBr3 PSC achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.81% with an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.632 V and an excellent stability in both high humidity and light irradiation. Upon doping Sm3+ into CsPbBr3, the PCE and Voc are further increased to 10.75% and 1.675 V. This work confirms the importance of a side group on an interface dipole molecule to maximize the charge scavenging, especially for Voc improvement.
A restorative strategy for resilient unbalanced power distribution networks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we propose a restorative method to minimize the unserved demand in a unbalanced power distribution network due to line outage. The restoration is achieved by tie-line switching and by solving a mixed-integer nonlinear problem. By exploiting the information on pre-contingency solution, topology together with post-contingency line congestion requirements and in combination with an improved greedy search algorithm, a method is proposed which reduces the search space of the combinatorial problem. Case studies on IEEE 34-bus distribution network is presented to illustrate the results and validate the performance of the proposed method.
Evidence of the validity of the child self‐regulation & behaviour questionnaire for the Brazilian context

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Poor early childhood self‐regulation is related to many mental health problems and antisocial behaviours, so it is important to use psychometrically sound instruments to assess children's self‐regulation and behavioural development. The aim of this study is to report the translation, adaptation, as well as explore the construct validity of the child self‐regulation & behaviour questionnaire (CSBQ) for the Brazilian context. The process consisted of different steps, such as transcultural translation, item intelligibility analysis, and psychometric analysis based on classical and contemporary theories. The validation process was carried out on a sample of 277 parents/caregivers (35.00 ± 6.72 years old) of 281 children (4.92 ± 1.45 years old; 156 females). The final Brazilian version showed adequate values of semantic, idiomatic, and conceptual equivalence. The validation process resulted in a seven‐dimensional model with 33 items. The validation of Brazilian CSBQ is promising for investigating early self‐regulation and behaviour problems in low‐middle income contexts.
Evaluation of IFC4 for the GIS and Green Building Domains

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the BIM domain, Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) is the major data exchange standard. In March 2013, IFC4 was released as the new IFC standard. IFC4 has many changes in scope, entities, and data representations. In particular, IFC4 has been enriched to support geographical information and green building design. In IFC4, a building design can be linked to a GIS coordinate system and vice versa. There are also improvements in IFC4 for energy analysis, building service systems, and lighting and shading components. In this paper, changes in IFC4 in the aspects of GIS and green buildings were identified and evaluated using the versioning technique and domain knowledge. CityGML and gbXML were selected as the representative data schemas in the GIS domain and the green building domain, respectively. The version differences were compared with the domain knowledge using a linguistic-based method to discover the mapping between IFC4 and CityGML/gbXML. The missing elements in IFC4 for the two domains were also identified for further investigation.
Preemptive Ibuprofen and Orally Administered Dexamethasone for Prevention of Pain and Swelling following Implant Surgery

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The post-operative pain and swelling are frequently observed after different surgical procedures. Orofacial pain management is a challenging topic for the dental-medical profession. The main objective of this study was to compare the effects of two designed medical regimens in the context of post-operative management of pain and swelling following simple dental implant surgery. Materials and Methods: In this randomized and double-blinded controlled clinical trial, a total of 39 implants were placed in 31 patients by one clinician. Patients were divided into the test and control groups. Before surgery, each patient in the control group received 1gr of amoxicillin and 400 mgr of ibuprofen, and each one in test group received 1gr of amoxicillin, 400 mgr of ibuprofen and 0.5 mgr of dexamethasone. Antibiotic regimen, together with analgesics and anti-inflammatory treatment was provided after surgery for both groups. Pain was measured using visual analogue scale in days 1, 3 and 6 after surgery. Swelling was evaluated by a verbal scale in day 6. Also, the impact of following factors gender, age, duration of surgery, type and number of implant on pain and swelling was measured by the general linear model analysis. Results: The majority of patients in both study groups reported the pain to be mild, with peak intensity occurring at 24 hours after operation. No significant difference was observed across the groups for any given time. Also, there was no significant difference between two groups regarding their swelling profile. Conclusion: The experiments provide evidence that both of these methods are effective in pain and swelling reduction.
The ICRF-3: Status, plans, and progress on the next generation International Celestial Reference Frame

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The goal of this presentation is to report the latest progress in creation of the next generation of VLBI-based International Celestial Reference Frame, ICRF3. Two main directions of ICRF3 development are improvement of the S/X-band frame and extension of the ICRF to higher frequencies. Another important task of this work is the preparation for comparison of ICRF3 with the new generation optical frame GCRF expected by the end of the decade as a result of the Gaia mission.
The Canada-US softwood lumber dispute: lessons in managed trade

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The North American Softwood Lumber market has been extremely dynamic over the past 30 years with significant growth and contraction over this time. This thesis presents a methodical examination of this market and its development over this period. This research provides an in-depth overview of the evolution of this conflict as well as a theoretical explanation of the various trade instruments used. It then explores the welfare implications of these managed trade regimes by first estimating supply and demand elasticities then simulating the hypothetical effects of each regime using the estimated elasticities in combination with reference prices and quantities for the U.S. and Canada. This paper finds that the new softwood lumber agreements economic implications are far more complex than its predecessors and may lead to further price volatility. This paper also reinforces the view that managed trade agreements are rarely favorable to all parties involved but, through careful identification of priorities, potential disruptions can be minimized.
The locus of curves with Dn-symmetry inside Mg

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to determine the irreducible components of Mg(Dn) ,t he locus inside Mg of the curves admitting an effective action by the dihedral group Dn .T his is done by classifying pairs (H, H � ) of distinct subgroups of the mapping class group Mapg, such that both H and Hare isomorphic toDn and the fixed point locus of H inside the Teichmuller space Tg is contained in the fixed point locus of H � .
Data from High Levels of Aberrant DNA Methylation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>–Infected Gastric Mucosae and its Possible Association with Gastric Cancer Risk

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Introduction:</b> Risk prediction of gastric cancers is important to implement appropriate screening procedures. Although aberrant DNA methylation is deeply involved in gastric carcinogenesis, its induction by <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>, a strong gastric carcinogen, is unclear. Here, we analyzed the effect of <i>H. pylori</i> infection on the quantity of methylated DNA molecules in noncancerous gastric mucosae and examined its association with gastric cancer risk.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> Gastric mucosae were collected from 154 healthy volunteers (56 <i>H. pylori</i> negative and 98 <i>H. pylori</i> positive) and 72 cases with differentiated-type gastric cancers (29 <i>H. pylori</i> negative and 43 <i>H. pylori</i> positive) by endoscopy. The numbers of DNA molecules methylated and unmethylated for eight regions of seven CpG islands (CGI) were quantified by quantitative PCR after bisulfite modification, and fractions of methylated molecules (methylation levels) were calculated.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Among healthy volunteers, methylation levels of all the eight regions were 5.4- to 303-fold higher in <i>H. pylori</i> positives than in <i>H. pylori</i> negatives (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). Methylation levels of the <i>LOX, HAND1</i>, and <i>THBD</i> promoter CGIs and <i>p41ARC</i> exonic CGI were as high as 7.4% or more in <i>H. pylori</i>–positive individuals. Among <i>H. pylori</i>–negative individuals, methylation levels of all the eight regions were 2.2- to 32-fold higher in gastric cancer cases than in age-matched healthy volunteers (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.01). Among <i>H. pylori</i>–positive individuals, methylation levels were highly variable, and that of only <i>HAND1</i> was significantly increased in gastric cancer cases (1.4-fold, <i>P</i> = 0.02).</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> It was indicated that <i>H. pylori</i> infection potently induces methylation of CGIs to various degrees. Methylation levels of specific CGIs seemed to reflect gastric cancer risk in <i>H. pylori</i>–negative individuals.</p></div>
Addressing academic writing needs of ESL (English as a Second Language) undergraduate students

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study reports on a genre-based study examining the employment of communicative purposes (moves) in the body paragraphs of academic essays written by ESL (English as a Second Language) students at a university in Malaysia. A move analysis on the body paragraphs of student English academic essays is carried out using Peacockâ€™s (2002) move-structure model of the discussion section. Studentsâ€™ perceptions on their academic writing experience elicited through an interview are included as an accompanying data. The present study has pedagogical implications in teaching academic writing to ESL undergraduate students.
Dissecting macromolecular recognition sites in ribosome: implication to its self-assembly

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Interactions between macromolecules play a crucial role in ribosome assembly that follows a highly coordinated process involving RNA folding and binding of ribosomal proteins (r-proteins). Although extensive studies have been carried out to understand macromolecular interactions in ribosomes, most of them are confined to either large or small ribosomal-subunit of few species. A comparative analysis of macromolecular interactions across different domains is still missing. We have analyzed the structural and physicochemical properties of protein-protein (PP), protein-RNA (PR) and RNA-RNA (RR) interfaces in small and large subunits of ribosomes, as well as in between the two subunits. Additionally, we have also developed Random Forest (RF) classifier to catalog the r-proteins. We find significant differences as well as similarities in macromolecular recognition sites between ribosomal assemblies of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. PR interfaces are substantially larger and have more ionic interactions than PP and RR interfaces in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. PP, PR and RR interfaces in eukaryotes are well packed compared to those in prokaryotes. However, the packing density between the large and the small subunit interfaces in the entire assembly is strikingly low in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, indicating the periodic association and dissociation of the two subunits during the translation. The structural and physicochemical properties of PR interfaces are used to predict the r-proteins in the assembly pathway into early, intermediate and late binders using RF classifier with an accuracy of 80%. The results provide new insights into the classification of r-proteins in the assembly pathway.
Targeting the issues in chronic obstructive lung disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease of unclear aetiology and variable pathology among patients. Little is known about the cellular mechanisms which cause this condition and, although the incidence of COPD has been rising worldwide for some time, research efforts have only very recently increased. Medication thus far has focused on symptom treatment rather than targeting identifiable disease mechanisms. Such treatment has consisted primarily of bronchodilators, both β-agonists and anticholinergic in action. Treatment with steroids has been disappointing, except in the case of acute exacerbation, and this has shifted the research focus to characterising the inflammatory process in COPD as distinct from that in asthma. New targets for pharmacotherapy are coming to light as information is gained about specific inflammatory mediators active in COPD and the role of oxidative stress in this disease. In addition, new approaches include describing the role of exogenous antiproteases in restoring the balance between protease–antiprotease mechanisms that may be defective in this disease. Ultimately, exploration of the molecular genetics of COPD will provide new targets for future pharmacological agents.
Impact of Symptom Remission on Outpatient Visits in Depressed Primary Care Patients Treated with Collaborative Care Management and Usual Care

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Depression symptoms contribute to significant morbidity and health care utilization. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of symptom improvement (to remission) on outpatient clinical visits by depressed primary care patients. This study was a retrospective chart review analysis of 1733 primary care patients enrolled into collaborative care management (CCM) or usual care (UC) with 6-month follow-up data. Baseline data (including demographic information, clinical diagnosis, and depression severity) and 6-month follow-up data (Patient Health Questionnaire scores and the number of outpatient visits utilized) were included in the data set. To control for individual patient complexity and pattern of usage, the number of outpatient visits for 6 months prior to enrollment also was measured as was the presence of medical comorbidities. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that clinical remission at 6 months was an independent predictor of outpatient visit outlier status (>8 visits) (odds ratio [OR] 0.609, confidence interval (CI) 0.460–0.805, P <0.01) when controlling for all other independent variables including enrollment into CCM or UC. The OR of those patients not in remission at 6 months having outpatient visit outlier status was the inverse of this at 1.643 (CI 1.243–2.173). The most predictive variable for determining increased outpatient visit counts after diagnosis of depression was increased outpatient visits prior to diagnosis (OR 4.892, CI 3.655–6.548, P <0.01). In primary care patients treated for depression, successful treatment to remission at 6 months decreased the likelihood of the patient having more than 8 visits during the 6 months after diagnosis. ( Population Health Management 2014;17:180–184)
A mind map for managing minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Advances in detecting traces of leukemia that were previously unidentifiable have increasingly led to the incorporation of information about residual disease into clinical decision making for patients with leukemia in both the postinduction and consolidation settings. This review discusses current concepts related to minimal residual disease (MRD), which is defined as submicroscopic disease detected during morphologic complete remission. The focus is on acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Basic methods for detecting MRD include flow cytometry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and mutation analysis. Several studies using these assays have demonstrated prognostic implications based on MRD-positive vs MRD-negative status. As our understanding of the biological factors responsible for MRD in AML evolves, residual disease should be evaluated in the context of other prognostic markers. Current therapeutic options for managing MRD in AML are limited, and the clinical implications of a positive MRD test result can be significant. Regarding individual patients, an evidence-based approach must be applied while the institution- and assay-specific differences that currently exist are considered. Challenges associated with MRD assessment, such as the limited standardization of available assays and the paucity of effective agents to eradicate MRD, will need to be overcome before physicians who treat leukemia can use MRD as a tool for clinical management.
Solid-phase Submonomer Synthesis of Peptoid Polymers and their Self-Assembly into Highly-Ordered Nanosheets

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Peptoids are a novel class of biomimetic, non-natural, sequence-specific heteropolymers that resist proteolysis, exhibit potent biological activity, and fold into higher order nanostructures. Structurally similar to peptides, peptoids are poly N-substituted glycines, where the side chains are attached to the nitrogen rather than the alpha-carbon. Their ease of synthesis and structural diversity allows testing of basic design principles to drive de novo design and engineering of new biologically-active and nanostructured materials. Here, a simple manual peptoid synthesis protocol is presented that allows the synthesis of long chain polypeptoids ( up to 50mers) in excellent yields. Only basic equipment, simple techniques (e.g. liquid transfer, filtration), and commercially available reagents are required, making peptoids an accessible addition to many researchers' toolkits. The peptoid backbone is grown one monomer at a time via the submonomer method which consists of a two-step monomer addition cycle: acylation and displacement. First, bromoacetic acid activated in situ with N,N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide acylates a resin-bound secondary amine. Second, nucleophilic displacement of the bromide by a primary amine follows to introduce the side chain. The two-step cycle is iterated until the desired chain length is reached. The coupling efficiency of this two-step cycle routinely exceeds 98% and enables the synthesis of peptoids as long as 50 residues. Highly tunable, precise and chemically diverse sequences are achievable with the submonomer method as hundreds of readily available primary amines can be directly incorporated. Peptoids are emerging as a versatile biomimetic material for nanobioscience research because of their synthetic flexibility, robustness, and ordering at the atomic level. The folding of a single-chain, amphiphilic, information-rich polypeptoid into a highly-ordered nanosheet was recently demonstrated. This peptoid is a 36-mer that consists of only three different commercially available monomers: hydrophobic, cationic and anionic. The hydrophobic phenylethyl side chains are buried in the nanosheet core whereas the ionic amine and carboxyl side chains align on the hydrophilic faces. The peptoid nanosheets serve as a potential platform for membrane mimetics, protein mimetics, device fabrication, and sensors. Methods for peptoid synthesis, sheet formation, and microscopy imaging are described and provide a simple method to enable future peptoid nanosheet designs.