jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Substances in Feces of Silkworm Larvae Reared on Mulberry Leaves

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Antibacterial Substances in Feces of Silkworm Larvae Reared on Mulberry Leaves Get access Toshihiko Iizuka, Toshihiko Iizuka Department of Agricultural Biology, Sapporo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Setsuo Koike, Setsuo Koike Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Junya Mizutani Junya Mizutani Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo To whom inquiries should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 38, Issue 8, 1 August 1974, Pages 1549–1550, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1974.10861374 Published: 01 August 1974 Article history Received: 31 May 1974 Published: 01 August 1974
Effects of low temperature on dormancy breaking and growth after planting in bulbs of Tulipa edulis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effect of low temperature storage on dormancy breaking, sprouting and growth after planting of Tulipa edulis was studied. The results showed that starch content and activity of amylases significantly decreased during 10 weeks of cold storage, soluble protein content raised at first then decreased, and the peak appeared at the 6th week. However, total soluble sugar content which in- creased slowly at first than rose sharply and reducing sugar content increased during the storage duration. The bulbs with cold storage treatment rooted in the 6th week, which was about 2 weeks earlier than room temperature storage, but there were less new roots in the late period of storage. After stored at a low temperature, bud lengths were longer than that with room temperature treatment. Cold storage treatment could promote earlier emergence, shorten germination time, prolong growth period and improve the yield of bulb, but rarely affect the emergence rate. It was not beneficial to flowering and fruiting. The results indicated that 6-8 weeks of cold storage was deemed to be the key period of dormancy breaking preliminary.
Oases in the Sahara Desert – Linking Biological and Cultural Diversity

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The diversity of life sensu lato comprises both biological and cultural diversity, described as “biocultural diversity.” Similar to plant and animal species, cultures and languages are threatened by extinction. Since drylands are pivotal systems for nature and people alike, we use oases in the Sahara Desert as model systems for examining spatial patterns and trends of biocultural diversity. We identify both the underlying drivers of biodiversity and the potential proxies that are fundamental for understanding reciprocal linkages between biological and cultural diversity in oases. Using oases in Algeria as an example we test current indices describing and quantifying biocultural diversity and identify their limitations. Finally, we discuss follow-up research questions to better understand the underlying mechanisms that control the coupling and decoupling of biological and cultural diversity in oases.
Homothetic Tube-Based Robust Economic MPC With Integrated Moving Horizon Estimation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This article considers homothetic tube-based economic model predictive control synthesis for constrained linear discrete-time systems. Since, in practical systems, full-state measurement is seldom available, the proposed method integrates a moving horizon estimator to achieve closed-loop stability and constraint satisfaction despite system disturbances and output measurement noise. In contrast to existing approaches, the worst cost within a single homothetic tube around the solution of the associated nominal system is minimized, which, at the same time, tightens the bound on the set of potential states compatible with past output and input data. We show that the designed optimization problem is recursively feasible and adoption of homothetic tubes leads to less conservative economic performance bounds. Thanks to the use of strict dissipativity of the nominal system with a suitable supply rate, the closed-loop system is shown to be asymptotically stable, in the sense that the state trajectory is driven to an optimal robust invariant set.
A review on multimodal video indexing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Efficient and effective handling of video documents depends on the availability of indexes. Manual indexing is unfeasible for large video collections. Efficient, single modality based, video indexing methods have appeared in literature. Effective indexing, however, requires a multimodal approach in which either the most appropriate modality is selected or the different modalities are used in collaborative fashion. In this paper we present a framework for multimodal video indexing, which views a video document from the perspective of its author. The framework serves as a blueprint for a generic and flexible multimodal video indexing system, and generalizes different state-of-the-art video indexing methods. It furthermore forms the basis for categorizing these different methods. 1.
Response of a Truss SPAR Offshore Platform to Environmental Loads (case study : Kikeh Field at Sabah Waters)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The experimental results on the scale model of the first Malaysian SPAR offshore
platform are presented and analysed. The structure, called Kikeh SPAR, has been
designed by overseas consultant, constructed locally in Malaysia and installed in Sabah
waters in 2006. The study targets to fill a vacuum in the design of such important
structures by conducting physical modeling. The properties of the scale model are
known from several tests. Varying the conditions of wave and current, allows the
calibration of force in x-direction. Changing the wave height, wave period, and ballast
conditions, a series of laboratory tests was achieved at 20m x 10m x 1.2m wave basin of
the Coastal Engineering Laboratory, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, under regular
and random waves while SPAR is moored by 10 mooring lines connected to the basin
floor. The dynamic response of the SPAR was monitored by photographic methods and
the heave, surge and pitch of the structure were plotted vs. time. The analysis of the
maximum responses showed the significance of the wave period and ballast condition.
The scale modeling data show a satisfactory similarity with the prototype.
Bob H. Reinhardt,The End of a Global Pox: America and the Eradication of Smallpox in the Cold War Era

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

On the jacket, Reinhardt’s monograph is described as something different. Instead of ‘offering a “biography” of the disease or employing a triumphalist narrative of a public health victory’, he provides us with a more nuanced tale of national interests, global politics and qualified successes. The author achieves this, and in doing so gives great insights into the evolving nature of the United States’ relationship with smallpox since the Second World War. The book centres on the concept of smallpox being a ‘suitable candidate’ for global eradication. Chapter 1 shows how this was not inevitable. Despite the biological and technological ‘suitability’ of smallpox, it was malaria that America first targeted. Fears of the spread of communism and the burden of disease in areas with American business interests made malaria a bigger priority. By the 1960s, however, new opportunities arose just as malaria eradication was shown to be increasingly unlikely. Chapter 2 describes US involvement in the Smallpox Eradication and Measles Control Program (SMP) in Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso). The newly-independent world became a political battleground for the States and the Soviet Union, and health care technology was one of the weapons used to curry favour and influence. It also provided young professionals with the Centre for Disease Control an opportunity to cement their professional statuses. SMP allowed public health officials and pharmaceutical companies to experiment with drugs, technologies and techniques that would become central to later eradication efforts.
Nonlinear intersymbol destruction versus linear intersymbol interference on high density disk drives

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The nonlinear behavior of the hard disk recording channel is described using a simple theoretical model. According to this model, linear superposition applies only when the transition spacing is greater than about 3.5a, where a is the transition width parameter. Two methods to increase density are examined. First, the system variables determining the transition width are identified. Of these the magnetic moment is unique in that its value is not fixed by the level of technology; that is, it can be chosen to optimize channel characteristics. Second, an advanced model is described that abandons linearity in favor of a simple nonlinear channel model. This model applies when the transition spacing is greater than 2.5a. Both of these techniques result in more severe signal roll-off than a hypothetical linear superposition channel.< >
Gastrointestinal Absorption of Ternatins, Polyacylated Anthocyanins Derived from Butterfly Pea (<i>Clitoria ternatea</i> L.) Petals in Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Ternatins, polyacylated anthocyanins that contain two or more aromatic acyl groups, are found in the petals of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.). We examined the gastrointestinal absorption of ternatins in rats after oral administration of the extract of the butterfly pea petals. Ingested ternatins were absorbed rapidly in the gastrointestinal tract in their original acylated forms. Nine ternatins were detected, together with preternatin A3, in rat blood plasma at 15 min after oral administration. After a single oral dose of 0.0527 mmol/kg ternatin, the maximum plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration curve for total ternatin was 0.141 ± 0.035 μM and 16.398 ± 1.542 μM·min, respectively, during the 8-h period post-administration. The absorption of ternatins in blood plasma tended to negatively correlate with increasing order of molecular weight; however, ternatins carrying symmetrical substitution patterns and glucosyl terminals on the both side chains at the 3′ and 5′ positions of the aglycone were exceptionally bioavailable.
Comparative gain measurement study of high power quantum well and quantum dot lasers with high temperature stability of the emission wavelength

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A comparative analysis of the wavelength temperature stability of high power quantum well and quantum dot lasers is reported in this study. The device characteristics are measured on broad area lasers cleaved to different cavity lengths. Observed wavelength stability is explained by the gain curve differences between quantum well and quantum dot material dependent on temperature and drive current.
Status of Women during Dogra Rule in Kashmir: Review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The present research is an attempt to provide a historical overview to understand the position of women during dogra rule in Kashmir. The history of Jammu and Kashmir reveals that women enjoyed high status as elsewhere in India but there was a marked decline in the position of women in Kashmir. Women are identified with silence and deprivation. It is from 5th five year plan onwards that the role of women is recognized. Women also contributed a lot in the Kashmir economy. Besides, preparation of food and housekeeping, they also do the work of grinding the grain and maintenance of home since ages. The study is of Dogra rule and highlights the brutality done with the women in Kashmir. The attempt is to explore the women’s condition and exploitation she had gone through during Dogra rule in Kashmir.
Reinforcing Spirals Model

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The reinforcing spirals model (RSM) describes the role of communication (mediated and interpersonal) in how socialization, attitudes, and social identities are formed, reinforced, and/or sustained in the face of competing perspectives. The RSM proposes that people tend to select communication sources and content that reinforces their beliefs and social identity, and in turn beliefs and behaviors can be reinforced by such communication selectivity. From this perspective, the role of mediated communication in particular can be viewed as an endogenous or mediating process. Under normal circumstances this reinforcement process is likely to have reached homeostasis, and not be readily detectable empirically. However, in times of identity formation/change (e.g., adolescence, immigration) and identity threat (e.g., social disruption, economic difficulty, life changes) the process should become dynamic and measurable. Other boundary factors impacting the process include how open or closed the communication norms are for a given individual or set of individuals in a given social identity group, as well as how open or closed communication systems are in the larger society. This entry also describes empirical findings supporting the RSM, reviews methodological issues in the study of reinforcing spirals as a dynamic model, and identifies future research directions.
Automated tools for surgical applications involving non-rigid tissues

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An automated device has been implemented in the laboratory for carrying out a stapedotomy. Experimental evidence was obtained to suggest that automated tools can be used in flexible tissues providing that the characteristics of the sensory data can be identified and related to particular states of procedures. Control of the tool to achieve minimum protrusion during the preparation of a stapedotomy has been possible using a simple deformation model representing the medium. The model adapts to cutting conditions of the specimen in order to control of the breakthrough process.< >
Effect of different heating temperatures on liberation of actin from actomyosin in duck meat

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Objective:This study illustrated the situation of actin dissociation from the muscle fibers when the ducks were heated at different temperatures.Method:Seven heating temperature gradients of 40,50,60,70,80,90 and 97℃,and four heating time gradients of 1,10,30 and 60 min were set in this experiment.The experiment mainly used the principle of actin was centrifuged in the supernatant when it was dissolved in 0.2mol/L KCl neutral solution,and the actin content was detected by Western Blot(WB).Result:The study result showed that there was no effect on actomyosin dissociation when it was heated at 40℃.Actin at 80,90 and 97℃ could not be detected,maybe the actin denatured due to the high temperatures,thus the actin could not be detected.With the heating time extended the actin content increased at 50℃.The samples were heated different time at 60℃,there was almost no significant different on actin content.With the heating time extended at 70℃ the actin gradually disappeared.Conclusion:Actomyosin dissociation was improved when the duck meat was heated at a lower temperature of 50～60℃.
Carney Complex

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Carney complex is a rare, autosomal dominant, multiple endocrine neoplasia and lentiginosis syndrome, caused in most patients by defects in the PRKAR1A gene, which encodes the regulatory subunit type 1α of protein kinase A. Inactivating defects of PRKAR1A lead to aberrant cyclic-AMP-protein kinase A signaling. Patients may develop multiple skin abnormalities and a variety of endocrine and non-endocrine tumors. Endocrine manifestations include primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease, that may cause Cushing syndrome, growth-hormone secreting pituitary adenoma or pituitary somatotropic hyperplasia which can result in acromegaly, as well as gonadal and thyroid tumors. Non-endocrine tumors associated with Carney complex include myxomas of the heart, breast, and other sites, psamommatous melanotic schwannomas, breast ductal adenomas, osteochondromyxomas, and a predisposition to a number of malignancies from adrenal to pancreatic and liver cancer.
Delayed diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever in adults: a forgotten cause of febrile polyarthritis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute rheumatic fever is a nonsuppurative sequela of upper respiratory tract infection with group A streptococci. We describe our recent experience with the diagnosis and management of 3 cases of acute rheumatic fever to highlight the delays that may arise in the diagnosis of this condition. In adults, febrile polyarthritis is the most common presentation of acute rheumatic fever. Increased awareness on the part of the physician is necessary to ensure both prompt and accurate diagnosis of this cause of febrile polyarthritis.
Effect of Wave Number on the Onset of Instability in Couple-Stress Fluid and its Characterization in The Presence of Magnetic Field

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Thermal instability of couple-stress fluid in the presence of uniform vertical magnetic field is considered. Following the linearized stability theory and normal mode analysis, the paper established the regime for all oscillatory and non-decaying slow motions starting from rest, in a couple-stress fluid of infinite horizontal extension and finite vertical depth in the presence of uniform vertical magnetic field, the necessary condition for the existence of ‘overstability’ and the sufficient condition for the validity of the ‘exchange principle’ is derived. The result is important since it hold for all wave numbers and for any arbitrary combination of free and rigid boundaries at the top and bottom of the fluid. Further, the stationary convection at marginal state with free horizontal boundaries is analyzed numerically and graphically, showing that the couple-stress parameter and magnetic field has stabilizing effect on the system. However, for the constant magnitude of couple-stress parameter and magnetic field, the wave number has a destabilizing effect for a value less than a critical value, which varies with the magnitude of the couple-stress parameter and magnetic field and for higher value than the critical value of the wave number; it has a stabilizing effect on the system.
Color Differences in Heated and Giemsa Stained Mouse Chromosomes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Denaturation by heating in distilled water at 85-100 C for 30 seconds results in color changes of Giemsa stained chromatin. Standard cytogenetical preparations from lymphoid tissues of normal and leukemic mice show violet-purple chromasoma After denaturation in the presence of formaldehyde deep blue chromosomes are observed. Rapid cooling of heat-denatured slides results in chromosomes with violet-purple centromeric heterochromatin and pale blue or pale violet-blue arms. The color difference disappears when heating is followed by incubation at 65 C. In this case only differences in staining intensity are found between centromeric heteruchromatin and arms.
6TiSCH++ with Bluetooth 5 and Concurrent Transmissions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Targeting dependable communications for industrial Internet of Things applications, IETF 6TiSCH provides mechanisms for efficient scheduling, routing, and forwarding of IPv6 traffic across low-power mesh networks. Yet, despite an overwhelming body of literature covering both centralized and distributed scheduling schemes for 6TiSCH, an effective control solution for large-scale multi-hop mesh networks remains an open challenge. This paper addresses this with a novel approach that eliminates much of the routing and link-layer overhead incurred by centralized schedulers, and provides a robust mechanism for data dissemination synchronization within 6TiSCH. Specifically, we leverage the physical layer (PHY) switching capabilities of modern low-power wireless platforms to build on recent work demonstrating the viability of Concurrent Transmission (CT)-based flooding protocols across the Bluetooth 5 (BT 5) PHYs. By switching the PHY and MAC layer at runtime, we inject a BT 5-based CT flood within a standard IEEE 802.15.4 TSCH slotframe, thereby providing a reliable, low-latency scheme for 6TiSCH control messaging. We present an analytical model and experimental evaluation showing how our solution not only exploits the BT 5 high data-rate PHY layers for rapid data dissemination, but can also provide reliable 6TiSCH association and synchronization even under external radio interference. We further discuss how the proposed technique can be used to address other open challenges within the standard.
Metabolomics approach to growth‐age discrimination in mountain‐cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Mountain‐cultivated ginseng is typically harvested after 10 years, while ginseng aged over 15 years is considered wild ginseng. This study aims to differentiate mountain‐cultivated ginseng by age, as the fraudulent practice of selling low‐aged cultivated ginseng disguised as high‐aged one is damaging the market. In this study, LC‐MS analyzed 98 ginseng samples, and multivariate statistical analysis identified patterns between samples to select influential components. Machine learning models were developed to identify ginseng samples of different ages. The untargeted metabolomic analysis clearly divided samples aged 4‐20 years into three age groups. Twenty‐two potential age‐dependent biomarkers were discovered to differentiate the three sample groups. Three machine learning models were used to predict new samples, and the optimal model was selected. Some biomarkers could determine age phases according to the differentiation of mountain‐cultivated ginseng samples. These biomarkers were thoroughly analyzed for variation trends. The machine learning models established using the screened biomarkers successfully predicted the age group of new samples.
Milestones in U.S. Chemical Weapons Storage and Destruction

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With more than 2,600 dedicated employees plus contractor support staff, the U.S. Army Chemical Materials Agency (CMA) leads the world in chemical weapons destruction with a demonstrated history of safely storing, recovering, assessing and disposing of U.S. chemical weapons and related materials. CMA manages all U.S. chemical materiel except for the disposal of two weapons stockpiles that fall under the Department of Defense's Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives pilot neutralization program. Through its Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program, CMA works with local emergency preparedness and response agencies at weapons stockpile locations.
Dynamic system specification

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Our group is perhaps unique in that our approach to modeling dynamic systems has a strong heritage from all three fields represented at this workshop. Each of the fields has contributed four major concepts to our modeling approach. From the Data Base field, we have adopted the idea of a single global model (data base) which defines the state of the system. Fully associative relations among typed atomic objects (no internal structure) constitute the entire state description. An information model (query language) is defined for extracting information from the state (such as one or all objects satisfying some description, or the truthfulness of some proposition). Finally, the model is updated via transactions, so that either the entire operation is completed successfully, or the state is unchanged.