jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Political Theory Simulations in the Classroom: Simulating John Locke’s Second Treatise of Government

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Political scientists frequently use in-class simulations as teaching tools. However, few such exercises have been developed to assist in teaching pre-modern political theories. This is unfortunate because simulations effectively promote active learning and excite students about course material. This article develops a new simulation to teach Locke's Second Treatise of Government in an introductory general education or political science course. Surveys of participants indicate that the Locke simulation promotes active learning, as well as understanding of course concepts, teamwork, and interest in the material.
‘Imperial Culture’ and Russian—Ukrainian Unity Myths

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter examines the divergent views among Russian and Ukrainian elites on the possibility of a single high culture in imperial Russia. The ‘imperial culture,’ as a hybrid or ‘all-Russian’ formation, which relied on Ukrainian participation and subordination, but whose Ukrainian element is elided in discourses that imagine Imperial Russian culture as a Russian ‘national’ one, was founded on a Ukrainian—Russian consensus that was shattered during the 19th century, when Ukrainian elites began withdrawing from pan-imperial cultural participation. This laid the foundation for a rival ‘national’ high culture in the imperial state and may be seen as the most important reason why the empire did not coalesce on the basis of a single multinational culture. Ukrainian high culture never challenged Great Russian (ethnic) nationality or culture, only the state-sponsored all-Russian imperial culture — which later assumed the deceptive, un-prefixed name ‘Russian.’ The current crisis of what is called ‘Russian identity’ amounts either to attempts to resuscitate the ‘all-Russian’ idea or to come to terms with its demise. Russian Federation leaders still dabble in the former, believing that a ‘union’ with Ukraine would legitimize the continued existence of the ‘all-Russian’ idea.
BORDER EFFECTREMOVAL FOR IFIRAND INTERPOLATEDVOLTERRA FILTERS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Thispaper presents aprocedure toremove theborder effect from interpolated finite impulse response (IFIR) andinterpolated Volterra adaptive filters usingtheLMS algorithm. Theused approach permits toreduce thesteady-state mean-square error (MSE)ofsuchstructures. Insituations that theborder effect is important, theobtained improvement isnoticeable. Inaddition, the computational burden required toimplement suchaprocedure is slight. Simulation results confirm theeffectiveness oftheproposed approach. IndexTerms-Adaptive filters, adaptive signal processing, interpolation, least-mean-square methods, nonlinear filters.
DNN Approximation of Nonlinear Finite Element Equations

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We investigate the potential of applying (D)NN ((deep) neural networks) for approximating nonlinear mappings arising in the finite element discretization of nonlinear PDEs (partial differential equations). As an application, we apply the trained DNN to replace the coarse nonlinear operator thus avoiding the need to visit the fine level discretization in order to evaluate the actions of the true coarse nonlinear operator. The feasibility of the studied approach is demonstrated in a two level FAS (full approximation scheme) used to solve a nonlinear diffusion-reaction PDE.
Applied Biomedical Microbiology

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Biofilms before biofilms, W. Curtis White Efficacy of preoperative antimicrobial skin preparation solutions on biofilm bacteria, Daryl S. Paulson Oral biofilms and transferable antibiotic resistance, Adam P. Roberts Inhibition of foundation colonization of biofilm by surface modification with organofunctional silanes, Robert A. Monticello and W. Curtis White Biofilms and device implants, Elinor deLancey Pulcini and Garth James A simulated-use evaluation of a strategy for preventing biofilm formation in dental unit waterlines, James W. McDowell, Daryl S. Paulson, and John A. Mitchell Biofilms in hospital water distribution systems, Judy H. Angelbeck, Kirsten M. Thompson, and Scott L. Burnett Disinfection and its influence on the ecology of biofilms in drinking water distribution systems, Fernando M. G. Matias, V. Susan Springthorpe, Syed A. Sattar, Marsha Pryor, and Graham Gagnon Understanding the importance of biofilm growth in hot tubs, Darla M. Goeres Index
Numerical Methods with Coordinate Transforms for Efficient Brownian Dynamics Simulations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Many stochastic processes in the physical and biological sciences can be modelled as Brownian dynamics with multiplicative noise. However, numerical integrators for these processes can lose accuracy or even fail to converge when the diffusion term is configuration-dependent. One remedy is to construct a transform to a constant-diffusion process and sample the transformed process instead. In this work, we explain how coordinate-based and time-rescaling-based transforms can be used either individually or in combination to map a general class of variable-diffusion Brownian motion processes into constant-diffusion ones. The transforms are invertible, thus allowing recovery of the original dynamics. We motivate our methodology using examples in one dimension before then considering multivariate diffusion processes. We illustrate the benefits of the transforms through numerical simulations, demonstrating how the right combination of integrator and transform can improve computational efficiency and the order of convergence to the invariant distribution. Notably, the transforms that we derive are applicable to a class of multibody, anisotropic Stokes-Einstein diffusion that has applications in biophysical modelling.
Construction of an economic index to measure the causes of economic insecurity

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper is an updated study on the causes of economic insecurity in the United States. The authors have constructed an aggregate composite index that measures objectively the major causes of economic insecurity (CEI) in the United States. The CEI index consists of 11 variables that can cause economic insecurity. The time period under investigation is 1960 through 2001. A rising CEI index indicates that the causes of economic insecurity in the United States have increased in relative importance, which results in an increase in economic insecurity. Conversely, a falling CEI index indicates that the causes of economic insecurity have declined in relative importance, which results in a reduction of economic insecurity. However, despite substantial economic growth in the American economy from 1960 through 2001, the CEI index overall showed little improvement. The major conclusion is that the CEI index was 9 percent higher in 2001 than it was in 1960. This result was due largely to the increase in divorce, violent crime, rising out-of-pocket expenditures for health care, inflation, and unemployment. The results for subperiods are dramatically different, and we think more interesting, than the overall results. During the 1960s, there was a small decline in the CEI index. The 1970s showed a dramatic increase in the CEI index, which reflected both high unemployment rates and inflation rates during this period. The 1980s experienced fluctuating levels in the index but little overall change, and the 1990s experienced a sharp decline in the CEI index due largely to a robust economy. The CEI index has increased more recently, which reflects largely the recent 2001 business recession. The correlation coefficient of the CEI index with the University of Michigan's well-known Index of Consumer Sentiment is −676. This figure shows that as the CEI index rises, consumer sentiment about the American economy becomes pessimistic and negative.
Studies on Carcinostatic Substances. XXIX. 1, 1-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-hydrazine and its Derivatives as Tumor-inhibiting Agent

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

1, 1-Bis(2-chloroethyl)hydrazine and its hydrazide- and hydrazone- type derivatives were prepared and investigated as to their chemical reactivity and anti-tumor activity against the Yoshida sarcoma.
Cultivating the self-study and creation ability of students in the clinical practice of oral medicine

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The clinical practice of oral medicine is the juncture phase for medicine students to integrate theory with practice and convert capability from knowledge.According to the characteristic of oral medicine,in the clinical practice,we integrated teaching contents and carried out seminar;And then we reformed the clinical teaching model by holding special topic lecture to laying questions,calling in questions and then answering questions.We directed students how to consult datum,fill in the practice book of medicine student Design.At the same time we held student’s opening report of task and patient history discussion.Students wrote the professional reviews and essays which have profundity and new ideas according to clinical practice.It Embodied the self-study and creation ability of students.
COMPARISON ON THREE KINDS OF PARTICLE SIZE ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR RARE EARTH PERMANENT MATERIAL NdFeN

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Particle size and Particle size distrubition is the most important character of powders.We test rare earth permanent material NdFeN,particle size is analysed by laser light scattering method(dry method and wet method) and SEM,then the three test results are compared.The test results show,when the particle size is analyzed the abundant scattering of the sample is a foundation measured accurately.Combine the intuition of microscope and fast,accurately,conveniently of laser size instrument,for guaranteeing the reliability of the particle size analysis result is very useful.
The Effect of Temperature and Injection Rate during Water Flooding Using Carbonate Core Samples: An Experimental Approach

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

In many reservoirs, after water flooding, a large volume of oil is still left behind. Hot water injection is the most basic type of thermal recovery which increase recovery by improved sweep efficiency and thermal expansion of crude.In the present work, the effects of injection rate and the temperature of the injected water were surveyed by using core flooding apparatus. Water flooding was performed at different rates (0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 cc/min) and temperatures (20 and 90 °C), and the reservoir temperature was about 63 °C. Oil recovery during hot water injection was more than water injection. Moreover, it was concluded that at injection rates of 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 cc/min breakthrough time in hot water injection occurred 10 min later in comparison to water injection. The results showed that higher oil recovery and longer breakthrough time were obtained as a result of reducing injection rate. In the first 50 minutes, the oil recovery at injection rates of 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 cc/min was 27.5, 34, and 46% respectively. It was found that at the beginning of injection, thermal and non-thermal injection recovery factors are approximately equal. Moreover, according to the results, recovery factor at the lowest rate in hot water (T=90 °C and q=0.2 cc/min) is the best condition to obtain the highest recovery.
The Little Lion of the Southwest: A Life of Manuel Antonio Chaves

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The Little Lion of the Southwest: A Life of Manuel Antonio Chaves Get access The Little Lion of the Southwest: A Life of Manuel Antonio Chaves. By Simmons Marc. (Chicago: Swallow Press, 1973. xii, 263 p. Illustrations, photographs, drawings, maps, bibliography, index. $8.95.) John L. Kessell John L. Kessell Albuquerque, New Mexico Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Western Historical Quarterly, Volume 6, Issue 2, April 1975, Pages 205–206, https://doi.org/10.2307/968002 Published: 01 April 1975
Modeling, Control and Operation of a 10 MW Direct-Drive Wind Energy Conversion System

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The constant evolution of wind energy conversion systems (WECSs), especially in offshore applications, brings new trends to the wind energy market. Recently, industrial advances have proposed WECSs of 10-16 MW, and some of these are still under development. In addition, new grid codes are devised to connect the wind system to the grid. Therefore, adequate control systems are necessary to guarantee the operation of the WECSs. For this reason, this work proposes to develop a direct drive wind energy conversion system model with a rated power of 10 MW, following the trends in the offshore wind energy market. The main objective is to provide the literature with a wind system with current characteristics and a complete control system, allowing detailed studies of dynamic interaction, power quality, stability analysis and control strategies applied to grid-connected systems, including low voltage ride through (LVRT) operation. In general, the proposed system was divided into four energy conversion subsystems: wind turbine (WT), permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), rectifier and inverter stages. Model parameters including WT, PMSG, power converter and operating strategies are discussed. The main results are presented for a 10-MW WECS with the proposed operation strategy, which were obtained from MATLAB / Simulink simulations.
Nutrient requirement and use efficiency of rice (Oryza sativaL.) as influenced by graded levels of customized fertilizer

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Balanced nutrient application is an important concern to minimize fertilizer use in crop culture. Field experiments were conducted during kharif 2017 and 2018 to find out the best level of NPK fertilizer for rice with two varieties of rice of same duration (130-135 days). Three grades of customized fertilizers (250, 350 and 450 kg ha−1) along with 100% RDF (Recommended dose of fertilizer) and absolute control constituted the treatment variables. The results revealed that the grades of customized fertilizer (CF) influenced the yield and uptake of nutrients. Application of CF @ 450 kg ha−1 was found to be significantly superior over absolute control and 100% RDF with respect to yield and uptake of nutrients, and found on par with all other grades of CF (250 and 350 kg ha−1). Applying 250 kg ha−1 of CF recorded higher agronomic efficiency (AE), apparent recovery efficiency (ARE) and partial factor productivity (PFP) for phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) but higher AEn, AREn and PFPn in 450 kg ha−1 of CF. The higher utilization efficiency of nitrogen (UEn) of 43.05%, phosphorus (UEp) of 181.88% and potassium (UEk) of 34.40% were recorded in 250 kg ha−1 of CF. The CF @ 450 kg ha−1 recorded higher nitrogen and phosphorus requirement (NR and PR) i.e., 2.65 and 0.61 kg's, respectively. Whereas, potassium requirement (KR) was higher in 100% RDF. Higher response yard stick (RYS) of 5.33 was recorded in 250 kg ha−1 of CF compared to other grades of CF, 100% RDF and absolute control.
Euboeus (Pelorinus) corrugatus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Euboeus (Pelorinus) corrugatus (Seidlitz, 1895) Material. 2♂ (PCMN), 2♂, 1♀ (ZDEU): Turkey, Osmaniye Prov., Kadirli Distr., Karatepe, 37°17ʹ12.73ʺN / 36°14ʹ0.77ʺE, 200 m, 3.04.2021 (leg. B. Keskin, M. & S. Nabozhenko). Distribution and bionomics. This species was erroneously interpreted by Kaszab (1968) who listed it for Tunceli, by Ferrer & Soldati (1999) who recorded E. corrugatus for Istanbul, Antalya and Bingöl provinces, and by Tezcan et al. (2004) who listed it from Bartın, Muğla and Mersin provinces. In fact, it occurs only from Kahramanmaraş Province in the north to Amanos Dağları (Osmaniye, Gaziantep, and Hatay provinces) in the south and probably in adjacent areas of Syria. The species was collected from 19:30 to 20: 30 in the old Pinus brutia liana floodplain forest from pine trunks. After 20:30 the beetles climbed higher up the trunks and we could not register their further activity.
Assessment of RNA Quality by Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR of Multiple Regions of a Long Ubiquitous mRNA

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A simple method to assess the degree of degradation present in a total RNA preparation from cells or tissues is based on the increasing probability of RNA cleavage with increasing length of an RNA molecule. Under ideal conditions, reverse transcription of a particular mRNA species with oligo-dT as the primer generates a population of cDNAs, terminating at the 5' end of the mRNA if all template RNA molecules are intact, or at the first cleavage site 5' to the polyA if some template RNAs are partially degraded. Consequently, for cellular RNA preparations with some degradation, the 5' end of an mRNA is represented in the cDNA population to a lesser extent than the 3' end of the mRNA. We describe a sensitive assay of mRNA quality that compares the relative PCR amplification of 5' and 3' regions of a long and ubiquitous mRNA following oligo-dT-primed reverse transcription.
Continuity-skill-restricted scheduling and routing problem: Formulation, optimization and implications

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

As the aging population grows, the demand for long-term continuously attended home healthcare (AHH) services has increased significantly in recent years. AHH services are beneficial since they not only alleviate the pressure on hospital resources, but also provide more convenient care for patients. However, how to reasonably assign patients to doctors and arrange their visiting sequences is still a challenging task due to various complex factors such as heterogeneous doctors, skill-matching requirements, continuity of care, and uncertain travel and service times. Motivated by a practical problem faced by an AHH service provider, we investigate a deterministic continuity-skill-restricted scheduling and routing problem (CSRP) and its stochastic variant (SCSRP) to address these operational challenges. The problem is formulated as a heterogeneous site-dependent and consistent vehicle routing problem with time windows. Yet there is not a compact model and a practically implementable exact algorithm in the literature to solve such a complicated problem. To fill this gap, we propose a branch-price-and-cut algorithm to solve the CSRP and a discrete-approximation-method adaption for the SCSRP. Extensive numerical experiments and a real case study verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithms and provide managerial insights for AHH service providers to achieve better performance.
Stellar Properties of the Host Galaxy of an Ultraluminous X-ray Source in NGC 5252

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

An ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) in NGC 5252 has been known as a strong candidate for an off-nuclear intermediate-mass black hole. We present near-infrared imaging data of the ULX obtained with the William Herschel Telescope. Using this data we estimate a stellar mass associated with the ULX of $\approx 10^{7.9\pm0.1}M_{\rm \odot}$ , suggesting that it could be (the remnant of) a dwarf galaxy that is in the process of merging with NGC 5252. Based on a correlation between the mass of the central black hole (BH) and host galaxy, the ULX is powered by a $10^5M_{\rm \odot}$ black hole. Alternatively, if the BH mass is $\approx 10^6M_{\rm \odot}$ or larger, the host galaxy of the ULX must have been heavily stripped during the merger. The ULX $K_s$-band luminosity is two orders of magnitude smaller than that expected from an ordinary active galactic nucleus with the observed [O III] luminosity, which also suggests the ULX lacks a dusty torus. We discuss how these findings provide suggestive evidence that the ULX is hosting an intermediate-mass black hole.
The Usage of Credit Cards: An Empirical Analysis on Turkish College Students

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of credit card usage among university students. Credit cards can be a convenient payment tool that gives university students a number of advantages and benefits to learn financial responsibility when it can be used in a controlled and responsible manner. On the other hand, using credit cards also have serious financial consequences when mismanagedly used. The excessive credit card debt and overdue payments give burden on university students’ shoulders before starting their full-time jobs. Besides that, when the other debts such as education credits are added, inevitable stress and anxiety make negative impacts on their newly started adult life. Also, lack of experience on using credit cards and personal financial information, tend to put some students at a higher financial risk due to a large and perhaps unmanageable debt burden. Therefore, rising number of students who use credit cards increases the concern for these long-term negative results of the credit card. In this context, we aim to evaluate the basic demographic and socio-economic factors that affect the attitudes of Kırklareli University students towards credit card ownership, credit card usage, and to evaluate the students' ability to manage their financial situation.
Overview of the National Mental Health Benchmarking Project

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: This paper provides an overview of the National Mental Health Benchmarking Project (NMHBP) which explored the value of benchmarking within the four main program areas of public sector mental health (general adult, child and adolescent, older persons and forensic). The NMHBP involved a series of forums which enabled participating organizations to benchmark themselves against each other, with a view to understanding variability in performance against a range of key performance indicators (KPIs). Method: Twenty-three mental health organizations took part in the NMHBP. The forums culminated in each mental health organization documenting its performance against relevant KPIs. The processes, impacts and outcomes of the NMHBP were evaluated via a multi-methods evaluation. Results: There was considerable variability across program streams for many of the KPIs, much of which could be explained by contextual factors. Within program streams there was considerable intra-organization variability. Participants found the examination of intra-organization variability on particular indicators to be useful. Conclusions: The NMHBP has shown that benchmarking is possible. Managers and clinical leaders will need to champion benchmarking and highlight its utility in relation to quality improvement and service development if the accountability goals of the Fourth National Mental Health Plan are to be realized.
A Shi‛i Religious Perspective on Lebanese Sectarianism: The Islamic Shi‛i Supreme Council under Shaykh Muhammad Mahdi Shams al-Din (1978-2001)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines the development of the position of Shaykh Muhammad Mahdi Shams al-Din (d.2001), who headed Lebanon’s Islamic Shiʿi Supreme Council, ISSC, from 1978 to 2001, on the Lebanese sectarian system. I trace the progression of his positions which underwent three phases: first, accommodation with sectarianism, albeit with reforms proposals, during the phase of collaboration with Sayyid Musa al-Sadr in the 1970s; second, a more radicalized position that rebutted the sectarian system in the midst of the civil war and the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982; and finally, a de facto acceptance of the war-ending Taʾif Agreement of 1989 that consolidated sectarianism. I argue that the changing political context of post-war Lebanon and the rise of Hezbollah as a contending force on the Shiʿi Lebanese scene have propelled Shams al-Din to seek rapprochement with the Lebanese state, in line with the legacy that Musa al-Sadr had initiated in Lebanon when he founded the ISSC.