jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Digital exclusion or learning exclusion? An ethnographic study of adult male distance learners in English prisons

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Previous research has highlighted the value of technology to enhance learning. However, digital inclusion research has argued that many issues such as skills, access, usability and choice impact on the effectiveness of technology to enhance learning. The findings in this paper add to the debate by highlighting the importance of value and context. In particular, the value that institutions and individuals place on the role of further and higher distance learning in a prison can affect technology-enhanced learning in that context. This research identified that despite good IT skills and improved technologies, prison learners’ access and use of technology is hampered by conflicting priorities amongst the multiple organisations controlling prisoner activities. This can lead to a prison in which menial work is valued far higher than learning. Technology-enhanced distance learning, perceived by many to be a lifeline in a desolate environment, is heavily restricted in such prisons. The situation is thought to be deteriorating as the number of organisations involved increases and the Government’s plans for ‘‘working’’ prisons gather pace.Keywords: social inclusion; digital inclusion; distance learning; higher education; prisoner reintegration(Published: 19 December 2012)Citation: Research in Learning Technology 2012, 20: 18620 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/rlt.v20i0.18620
List of amphibian species (Vertebrata, Tetrapoda) of Burkina Faso

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We related the first commented list of the amphibian species of Burkina Faso. To obtain contemporary data, we investigated six sites from July 2017 to September 2018. The survey is unique for West Africa in combining a variety of different habitat types, e.g. Sahelian areas, grassland and woodland savannahs, floodplains, gallery forests and agricultural sites. Animals were found at varying spatial scales by opportunistic visual encounter surveys after sunset supplemented with acoustic searching. Further data were based on museum vouchers collected between the years 1959 and 2011 and deposited in European and American museums, and the literature review focusing on the country species. We listed 36 anuran species from 11 families. Surprisingly seven taxa, namely Arthroleptis poecilonotus Peters, 1863, Afrixalus vittiger (Peters, 1876), Afrixalus weidholzi (Mertens, 1938), Kassina cassinoides (Boulenger, 1903), Ptychadena schillukorum (Werner, 1908), Hyperolius lamottei Laurent, 1958 and Amnirana albolabris (west) (Jongsma et al. 2018), were new country records. A few rare, hard to record or little known species, including Arthroleptis poecilonotus, Hyperolius lamottei, Xenopus tropicalis (Gray, 1864) and Amnirana albolabris (west) can be confirmed. The origin of a specimen of Sclerophrys mauritanica (Schlegel, 1841) mentioned as coming from Burkina Faso deposited in the collections of MNHN must be considered as an error. We briefly discussed the taxonomy and indicated the habitats of all species mentioned in this country so far. The discovery of several new country records highlights that the amphibian fauna of Burkina Faso is still incompletely known and that many poorly explored sites may still harbour a high diversity.
Antimicrobial Activity of Cymbopogon (Lemongrass) on Enterococci

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus bacteria. Materials and Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by the Broth Dilution Method. The antibiotic susceptibility test against the test organisms was performed by the Disc Diffusion Method. Results and Discussion: Antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon oil was examined against common Enterococcus bacteria using broth microdilution assay and the disc diffusion method. Zone of inhibition was seen when Cymbopogon oil was kept with enterococcus bacteria, this proves to be bacteriostatic. Conclusion: Lemongrass oil proved to be bacteriostatic against Enterococcus, further research to be done to implement Lemongrass oil as an antibacterial agent.
Data: Activity-based selection for enhanced base editor mutational scanning

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Source count data for all experiments in "Activity-based selection for enhanced base editor mutational scanning" (Kaplan et al 2025). Please refer to the file organization spreadsheet to associate filenames with their respective experimental details. Abstract: Base editing is a CRISPR-based technology that enables high-throughput, nucleotide-level functional interrogation of the genome, which is essential for understanding the genetic basis of human disease and informing therapeutic development. Base editing screens have emerged as a powerful experimental approach, yet significant cell-to-cell variability in editing efficiency introduces noise that may obscure meaningful results. Here, we develop a co-selection method that enriches for cells with high base editing activity, substantially increasing editing efficiency at a target locus. We evaluate this activity-based selection method against a traditional screening approach by tiling guide RNAs across TP53, demonstrating its enhanced capacity to pinpoint specific mutations and protein regions of functional importance. We anticipate that this modular selection method will enhance the resolution of base editing screens across many applications.
Electrocaloric changes in multi-layer capacitor (MLC) and lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) single crystals

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this project, the author wants to determine the electrocaloric changes in Multi-Layer Capacitor (MLC) and relaxor ferroelectric material Lead Magnesium Niobate-Lead Titanate (PMN-PT) single crystals at different temperatures with varying electric fields. Cooling of the thin films has been discovered if high enough voltages are applied. In order to determine the electrocaloric changes in bulk materials, MLC is chosen whereas PMN-0.33PT is used for thin film materials. Voltages ranging from 5 kV/cm to 8 kV/cm were applied from room temperature to 180˚C. PT100 sensors are used to detect the temperature changes due to their higher repeatability and stability. A probe station was used to map out the sample’s hysteresis loop and to identify the Polarization-Electric field and Polarization-Temperature relationship of the thin film, using voltage waveforms (electric pulses) mapped simultaneously on a HIOKI LR8401-20 Memory HiLogger. MLC shows a 0.1˚C cooling when an electric field was applied at 22.7˚C. PMN-0.33PT shows a 6.7K temperature decrease when an electric field of 8kV/cm is applied at about 157˚C. MLC bulk materials show smaller temperature increments and cooling but absorb larger heat from the load. PMN-PT thin films show higher temperature increments and cooling but absorb smaller heat from the load. Thus, it is necessary for this experiment to find out the changes and to balance these two factors.
Qualification of a Frequency Scanning Eddy Current Equipment for Nondestructive Characterization of New and Serviced High-Temperature Coatings

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

As modern gas turbines are continuously being upgraded, mainly through the increase of their firing temperature and cooling optimization, the prime protection of the high technology and high-cost hot gas path parts is increasingly being transferred to the coatings. In order to avoid the risk of structural damage of these components, with its potential for greater economic losses — mostly traceable to unexpected prime time outages — refurbishment cycle should be dictated by the amount of the life actually expended by the coating. To address the issues of quality and condition assessment of new and serviced high-temperature coatings applied on buckets and vanes, an innovative non-destructive system was developed based on a frequency scanning eddy current technique. It combines outstanding high frequency hardware with model based analysis of raw data. In the paper, quantitative data on equipment qualification are presented, relating to its capability in measuring both the thickness and β-aluminide depletion of MCrAlY coatings applied on Ni-base superalloys. The results of an inspection campaign on serviced blades, performed during major overhauls of ENEL gas turbines, will also be reported, together with recent system upgrades, aiming at extending its applicability to newer coatings such as thermal barriers and over-aluminized MCrAlY’s.
SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF TAX POLICY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY TRANSFORMATION

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Introduction. The formation of financial resources of the state and united territorial communities in the conditions of transparency of fiscal relations requires the authorities to implement adequate to European standards tax policy. The relevance of the study of comprehensive aspects of tax policy of the state is due to the implementation of effective approaches in the direction of financial support of priority sectors of Ukraine's economy. Today, the leading role belongs to tax payments, which under conditions of rational administration should become a catalyst for innovative development of Ukraine. It is with the help of tax policy tools that it is possible to create favorable conditions for doing business, investing, innovating and improving the well-being of citizens. Therefore, the priority is to study modern aspects of tax policy of Ukraine in order to form ways to improve its efficiency. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the peculiarities of the formation and effective implementation of the tax policy of the state at the present stage of socio-economic development of Ukraine. Results. The essential determinants of taxes and tax policy in the context of their impact on the development of the state economy are identified. The basic principles of tax policy formation in Ukraine are considered. The functions of tax policy were monitored, among which considerable attention was paid to the fiscal function as a priority and dominant in modern inter-budgetary processes. The article highlights the features of tax policy in terms of shifting the tax burden from mobile factors of production to natural resources. Emphasis is placed on cooperation between the state, taxpayers and the public in the direction of developing effective measures to reform the tax system through the use of incentives, digital technologies, social orientation of taxation. The analysis of the main parameters of fiscal efficiency of the tax policy of the state is carried out, as a result of which the important role of tax payments in financial resources of the state and local governments is confirmed. The factors that have a negative impact on taxation processes in the state are highlighted. Guidelines for improving the tax policy of Ukraine in the conditions of transformation of the national economy are offered. Perspectives. In further research, attention will be paid to current aspects of digitalization of the tax space of the state and the implementation in the Ukrainian system effective practices of innovation of taxation processes of foreign countries.
Results from experiments of crystal extraction of 900 GeV proton beams from the Tevatron Collider

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The extraction of a small flux of primary protons from a collider in a parasitic manner is very attractive for a number of fixed target applications. The key requirements of the extracted beam are small average currents with relatively small temporal variations. At this time a bent crystal is installed in the Tevatron Collider which is designed to channel protons down an instrumented beam abort transfer line. In this paper the results of experiments with this crystal are presented. The impact on the high energy physics collider detectors of the crystal as a collimator and the transverse mechanism necessary to deposit the protons into the crystal for alignment purposes are described.
Vision of Gender in Girish Karnad's Hayavadana: Functions of Multiplexed Corporal Masks

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Through the integration of the local Yakshagana and the western Brechtian Epic theatre practices, Girish Karnad through Hayavadana (1971) has formed a brilliant theatre show. One theatrical device, apart from the folk-theatre motifs, is the utilization of physical masks on stage. The reading examines different techniques used by Karnad, which provide the staging of masks successful in theatre. It furthermore focuses on the objectives, techniques, and types of mask treatment in expressions of disguise and revelation at the physical level. The purpose of this exploration is to make a complete study of the expressive masks used in Hayavadana (1971) to interpret the proposed reality of the characters. The qualitative approach has been adopted as a methodology where the interpretive method of investigation has been engaged to search for the secreted meanings in the text. Professed through the lens of select theoretical structure, Hayavadana becomes a site of diversity and range.
LEAVING THE IVORY TOWER THROUGH SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION CO-OPERATIVE RESEARCH – A SOCIAL EXPERIMENT IN RESEARCH ON ALTERNATIVE AGRO-FOOD NETWORKS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper presents a participatory pattern of conducting research for social science. A few projects based on \nthe idea of ‘co-operative research’ have been funded within the 7th EU Framework Programme. Among them \nwas the project “Facilitating Alternative Agro-Food Networks – Stakeholder Perspective on Research Needs” \n(FAAN). One of its goals was to test the potential of the co-operative approach in social research practice. This \npaper aims to present and discuss the experiences from the project to reflect upon the usefulness of cooperative \nresearch as a scientific innovation and a new research paradigm, as well as to propose its reframing \nbased on the results of the project. The article ends with practical recommendations concerning management \nor research projects in a co-operative manner, stressing the need of competencies for team leaders in micromanagement \nof heterogeneous research teams.
Use of psychoactive substances by medical students: a survey.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The use and abuse of alcohol and other psychoactive substances is of concern to the medical profession and to medical educators. Sixty-eight members of the sophomore class at LSU Medical Center in Shreveport participated in a substance use survey. Ten students (14.7%) described themselves as abstainers from alcohol consumption. Although none described themselves as heavy or abusive drinkers, 9 (13.2%) drank 6-10 alcoholic beverages on a weekend if there was no examination scheduled for Monday or Tuesday, and 3 (4.4%) consumed more than 10 alcoholic beverages on such a weekend. At a large school social event, 9 students (13.2%) drank 6-10 alcoholic beverages and 3 (4.4%) drank more than 10 alcoholic beverages during the event. Nine students (13.2%) used marijuana at least 1-3 times per year. Tobacco was used by 17.6% of the students sampled. Only 4 students (5.9%) avoided caffeine completely. Twelve students (17.6%) drank 5-10 caffeinated beverages daily. The use of cocaine (2.9%), amphetamines (4.5%), and unprescribed sedatives (6%) was small in this student sample. More education concerning effects of psychoactive substances is encouraged.
Read-enhanced spin memories augmented by phase transition materials (Invited)

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Spin based memories have garnered major interest in recent times. With all of the alluring features like-non-volatility, zero-stand by leakage and dense integration in array, they suffer from not having satisfactory distinguishability between stored memory states. Recently, a novel approach of using Phase transition materials (PTM) to assist magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) in spin memories has been proposed. This paper presents an overview of the design approach, challenges and benefits of two proposed ways of designing PTM assisted spin memories. One of the approach that uses a PTM in parallel to MTJ in read path is only applicable for memories with separate read-write paths. This approach can achieve over 1.7X better distinguishability in stored data, at least 20% increase in read stability and 4X larger sense margin (SM). On the other hand, another design which uses PTM in series with MTJ can be used for a broader spectrum of cell topologies and achieves over 17X boost in cell tunneling magneto resistance with 45% higher read stability and ∼60% more SM. No area penalties are associated with either of these techniques.
TACHINIDAE: Evolution, Behavior, and Ecology

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

▪ Abstract Tachinidae are one of the most diverse and ecologically important families in the order Diptera. As parasitoids, they are important natural enemies in most terrestrial ecological communities, particularly as natural enemies of larval Lepidoptera. Despite their diversity and ecological impact, relatively little is known about the evolution and ecology of tachinids, and what is known tends to be widely dispersed in specialized reports, journals, or texts. In this review we synthesize information on the evolutionary history, behavior, and ecology of tachinids and discuss promising directions for future research involving tachinids. We provide an overview of the phylogenetic history and geographic diversity of tachinids, examine the evolution of oviposition strategies and host associations, review known mechanisms of host location, and discuss recent studies dealing with the ecological interactions between tachinids and their hosts. In doing so, we highlight ways in which investigation of these parasitoids provides insight into such topics as biogeographic patterns of diversity, the evolution of ecological specialization, the tritrophic context of enemy-herbivore interactions, and the role of host location behavior in shaping host range.
Highly stable PEDOT:PSS electrochemical transistors

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are a burgeoning biosensing transducer platform due to their intrinsic amplification, high transconductance, and biocompatibility. To be successful in real world biosensing applications, however, stable performance should be demonstrated to avoid false analyte readings that could lead to dangerous misdiagnosis. This work demonstrates the stability of carefully prepared OECTs using commercially available PEDOT:PSS as the channel layer. These devices exhibit more than 99% retention of the baseline current over 50 transfer curve cycles and, importantly, after several changes in electrolyte solution. Furthermore, impressive stability is demonstrated during continuous measurements of the drain current. These results show that PEDOT:PSS OECTs are ready for biosensing applications requiring accurate continuous monitoring.
SH1494193.08FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
NeighborhoodFoodEnvironmentandObesityin Community-DwellingOlderAdults:Individualand NeighborhoodEffects

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Trends in obesity rates are most likely theresult of changing environmental factors, in-cluding agriculture, food processing and mar-keting,transportation, andphysicaldemands ofwork. Because the characteristics of the neigh-borhoods in which people live can make iteasier for them to consume excessive caloriesand more difﬁcult to expend those calories,
Agent Orange: On the Consequences of the Use of Herbicides during the Vietnam War for International Warfare Conventions and the Role it Played for Subsequent International Humanitarian and Environmental Law

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This bachelor’s thesis addresses the consequences of the use of herbicides during the Vietnam War for international warfare conventions and focuses on its role in subsequent international humanitarian and environmental legislation. The main research question is: What were the consequences of the use of herbicides during the Vietnam War for international warfare conventions and what was its role in subsequent international humanitarian and environmental legislation? We can see that, whilst the use of Agent Orange has changed the way the world thinks about herbicides, there is still a lot of ground that needs to be covered. Environmental protection is a paramount international goal that has often taken a backseat to other goals in the past. Although steps have been taken to stop the use of herbicides internationally, the US still feels justified it retains the right to use herbicides strategically. Also, there are still several pitfalls regarding international lawmaking which stand in the way of prohibiting herbicides. These include the way states do not necessarily use herbicides for warfare purposes, or how intra-national parties and fringe-groups do not feel obligated to respond to international laws.