jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
All Paths Lead to Rain: Explaining why Watershed Development in India Does Not Alleviate the Experience of Water Scarcity

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Watershed development (WSD) projects in India are key to meeting a range of human development goals in rain-fed agrarian landscapes. However, outcomes are often observed to be partial and short-lived. We offer a novel perspective on the reasons. Our analysis shows that the dominant 'water narratives' of WSD policy and practice and the lived experience of local people contribute to a naturalisation of water scarcity, resulting in widespread views that WSD is primarily a means for increasing irrigation water supply. We show how this over-simplifies the complex problem of agricultural water use and perversely contributes to a continuing experience of water scarcity rather than its resolution.
An analysis of yield variability from three harvesting strategies in the South African anchovy fishery, under conditions of randomly fluctuating recruitment success

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

An age-structured population model was used to examine the variability of yield created by randomly fluctuating recruitment success in the South African anchovy Engraulis capensis stock. Three different harvesting strategies were examined: (1) constant age-specific pattern of fishing mortality, (2) constant quota with effort limitation and (3) annual quota adjustments by means of an F msy procedure. Variable recruitment was generated by a stochastic stock-recruit relationship, and mean yields, mean spawner biomasses and probability distributions of yield were calculated at each exploitation level after 150 projections from the population structure of anchovy in 1981. Under conditions of constant fishing mortality, the variability of yield increased continuously as the exploitation rate was increased. The maximum average yield (MAY) is the stochastic equivalent of the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of deterministic models, but an attempt to sustain this MAY by a constant quota resulted in a very high risk of stock collapse. An Fmsy policy based on pre-season adult biomass resulted in more variable yields than were obtained at the equivalent constant fishing mortality at age. Stability of yield therefore demanded the acceptance of lower average yields than could be attained in the long term by quota adjustment. It was considered that the South African purse-seine industry could not cope with the wide fluctuations of yield necessary to attain MAY. Specific management policies sufficiently robust to withstand both fluctuating recruitment success and the uncertainties in the parameters of working population models would be required.
The Effects of CSR on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty in Korea :The Mediating Roles of Corporate Image and Reputation, Moderating Roles of Authenticity and Switching Cost

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In this article we explore how CSR factors influence customer satisfaction and loyalty in the Korean context and whether the mediating effects of corporate image and reputation in the relationships between CSR and customer satisfaction and customer loyalty are or not. This study used structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypotheses. Questionnaires were distributed to 240 customers of the case companies ? Samsung electronics, LG electronics and Hyundai car considered CSR pioneers in Korea. The findings show that CSR positively affects customer satisfaction and loyalty mediated by corporate image, and reputation also customer satisfaction positively affects customer loyalty. The importance order of CSR factors is as follows: consumer protection, philanthropic responsibility, ethical responsibility, and environmental contribution. The moderating effects of authenticity in the relationship between CSR and corporate image and reputation are identified. Also significant moderating effects of switching cost in the relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty found. The conclusion draws implications for marketing practice and future research.
Simulations of the thermodynamic properties of the helium fluid from the state-of-the-art ab initio potentials and their uncertainty estimation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The molecular dynamics simulation method is used to study the internal energy, pressure, isochoric heat capacity, and sound speed of helium based on the state-of-the-art ab initio potentials. The simulations cover a wide temperature and density range of (20–2000) K and (0.0005–70) molL−1. The uncertainty of simulation data are evaluated based on the uncertainty of the potential and the uncertainty of the simulation method. At temperatures below 300 K, the quantum Feynman-Hibbs modified potential and the Wigner-Kirkwood modified potential are introduced and the results are almost the same as those by the original ab initio potential. The modified potentials can not reasonably describe the quantum effects for the helium fluid at low temperatures, which become obvious below 200 K. The two-body ab initio potential is combined with the three-body ab initio potential to evaluate the influence of multi-body interactions at high densities. When the density is lower than 45 molL−1, the contribution of the three-body term to our simulation data is not significant. As a result, the three-body potential is omitted in our calculations to improve the overall computational efficiency. The thermodynamic property data of this work show agreement with the experimental data in the literature as well as the NIST Refprop 10.0 data at temperatures above 200 K and densities below 45 molL−1.
Usefulness of Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPP) in Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis Dysphonia Evaluation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background and Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the usefulness of Cepstral peak prominence (CPP) with parameter of Multiple Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP) in evaluating unilateral vocal fold paraylsis patients with subjective voice impairment. Materials and Methods From July 2014 to August 2016, 37 patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis who had been diagnosed with unilateral vocal fold paralysis and had received two or more voice tests before and after the diagnosis were evaluated for maximum phonation time (MPT), MDVP and CPP. Respectively. Voice tests were performed with short vowel /a/ and paragraph reading. Results The CPP-a (CPP with vowel /a/) and CPP-s (CPP with paragraph reading) of the Cepstrum were statistically negatively correlated with G, R, B, and A before the voice therapy. Jitter, Shimmer, and NHR of MDVP were positively correlated with G, R, B. Jitter, Shimmer, and NHR of the MDVP were significantly correlated with the Cepstrum index. G, B, A and CPP-a and CPP-s showed a statistically significant negative correlation and a somewhat higher correlation coefficient between 0.5 and 0.78. On the other hand, in MDVP index, there was a positive correlation with G and B only with Jitter of 0.4. Conclusion CPP can be an important evaluation tool in the evaluation of speech in the unilateral vocal cord paralysis when speech energy changes or the cycle is not constant during speech. Key words: Cepstrum ã Acoustic analysis ã Vocal fold paralysis íµì¬ì©ì´: ì±ëë§ë¹ ã ì¼ì¤í¸ë¼ ã ë°ì±ì¥ì
Stages on Law’s Way

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The famous questions on natural and human law in Thomas Aquinas’s Summa theologiae are only the beginning of a sequence that culminates in the proclamation of the Gospel of grace. The sequence of laws is an important part of God’s moral teaching. Just as with the incarnation, this teaching is adjusted to the condition of embodied minds that have forgotten what they once knew about the way back to God. The character of the teaching is clearly seen in Thomas’s detailed exposition of the ceremonial law that God gave to ancient Israel.
Some Rearrangement Reactions of Organosodium and Organolithium Compounds

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In continuation of rearrangement reactions of organometallic compounds, it was desirable to ascertain whether R-Metal combinations (free of halogen or other acidic groups) would react after the manner of benzylmagnesium chloride types with compounds like formaldehyde, for example. This last reaction gives not only the normal product (beta-phenylethyl alcohol), but also o-tolyl carbinol. It has been shown that the corresponding organosodium and organolithium compounds behave in a similar manner. Incidentally, it is possible to prepare some organolithium compounds, like phenyl-lithium, very conveniently, in a short time, and in excellent yields in the customary three-necked flasks.
A Hybrid Model to Guide the Consultation of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Considering that psychological disorders have specific causes and symptoms, the conventional way to establish diagnosis consists of analysing the behavioural reactions of a human being to events in their daily lives. The manifestation of psychological disorders varies from person to person and the degree of severity. Like 'personality,' 'consciousness' and 'intelligence,' the expression 'abnormal behaviour' is difficult to define due to sociocultural subjectivities intrinsic to the human being. Social interactions are essential factors in the search for solutions to the problems of the information society. However, neurodevelopmental disorders may affect some people from birth, hampering their healthy growth and consequently their participation in social interactions. In this context, autistic spectrum disorder is one of the primary disorders of neurodevelopment, which manifests itself before the age of three. Despite the existence of diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder, there is a lack of system with models containing algorithms that help the families and health professionals in the early diagnosis of this disorder. The objective of this study is to make proactive the decision-making process for the establishment of the early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. For this, the research presents a hybrid model proposal composed of a specialist system structured in decision-making methodologies (Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis) and structured representations of knowledge in production rules and probabilities using Artificial Intelligence. In this context, the research aims to show one of the potentials of information technologies as a way to generate knowledge that adds value and serves as a support in medical decision making.
Internationalisation of sports teams brands: the consumers' perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper tries to explain how consumers (fans) deal with an increasing offering of sport brands that tend to internationalise. In particular, we aim at better understanding how fans' brand's perceptions are affected by the internationalisation process of their favourite sports team. Building on previous studies and using an empirical qualitative data collection performed among sports fans from three teams at various internationalisation stages and from different countries, emerging themes are presented. Results are also analysed and discussed.
Continuity means “preserving a consistent whole”—A grounded theory study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Living with a chronic disease like chronic heart failure (CHF) results in disruptions, losses, and setbacks in the participants' daily lives that affect health and well-being. By using grounded theory method, we illuminate whether persons with CHF experience discontinuity in life and, if so, what helps them to preserve and strengthen continuity in their daily lives. Thirteen individual interviews and one group interview with five participants, aged 62 to 88 years, were carried out. Through data collection and data analysis, we constructed three concepts that make up a model illustrating the participants' experiences in daily life in relation to corporeality, temporality, and identity: experiences of discontinuity, recapturing approaches, and reconciliation. The first concept, experiences of discontinuity, was constructed from the following categories: the alienated body, the disrupted time, and the threatened self. The second concept, recapturing approaches, consists of categories with continuity creative constructions: repossessing the body, maintaining a façade, seizing the day, restoring the balance of time, and preserving self. These actions are intended to overcome problems and master changes in order to maintain balance in daily life through constructions that recreate normality and predictability. The third concept, reconciliation, was constructed from three categories: feel normal, set to adjust, and be positioned. These categories describe how the participants minimize their experiences of discontinuity by recapturing approaches in order to reconcile with various changes and maintain continuity in daily life. Our findings provide a fresh perspective on continuity that may contribute to the development of significant interventions in continuity of care for persons with CHF. However, continuity requires that healthcare systems support each patient's ability to manage change, reorientation, and adjustment to the new situation in order to make it easier for the patient to create and continue living their daily lives as they desire.
Physiotherapist-Directed Exercise, Advice, or Both for Subacute Low Back Pain

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In participants with subacute low back pain, physiotherapist-directed exercise and advice were each slightly more effective than placebo at 6 weeks. The effect was greatest when the interventions were combined. At 12 months, the only effect that persisted was a small effect on participant-reported function. AUSTRALIAN CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 12605000039684.
Genes and pseudogenes in a reiterated rat tRNA gene cluster

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A 13.4 kb rat genomic DNA fragment containing two related tRNA gene clusters was isolated from a rat lambda recombinant and analyzed for gene arrangement and nucleotide sequence. One cluster was found to contain a tRNALeuCUG gene while the second contained a tRNALeuCUA pseudogene with multiple base substitutions. The tRNALeu gene was found to possess an intact coding region and a functional transcription termination signal at the 3' end as demonstrated by in vitro transcription and processing of precursors to mature size tRNA. The first tRNA gene cluster was found to contain in addition to tRNALeu, three other transcribable genes coding for tRNAAspGAC(U), tRNAGlyGGA(G) and tRNAGluGAG; the second cluster contained in addition to tRNALeu pseudogene, the tRNAAsp tRNAGly and tRNAGlu genes. Examination of flanking sequences of the corresponding tRNA genes in the two clusters shows no homology at the 5' ends and partial conservation of sequences at the 3'-end region. Genomic rat DNA blot hybridizations show that the tRNALeu gene is distributed together with the tRNAAsp, tRNAGly and tRNAGlu on a 10 fold repeat of 3.2 kb EcoRI fragment.
A Hot-via Chip-to-substrate Interconnect for Ultra-compact System Package Application up to W Band

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A hot-via chip-to-substrate interconnect with its operation frequency up to W-band for ultra-compact radio frequency (RF) system in package (SIP) is reported in this paper.In order to improve the accuracy of the simulation model in millimeter wave bands, a trapezoidal platform model is established for modeling the RF performance of the hot-via which is formed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching process.A three hot-vias structure in a gallium arsenide (GaAs) chip is employed to form a Ground-Signal-Ground (GSG) transition structure.Bumps on the Silicon substrate are designed as a half quasi-coaxial structure to make it compatible with the assembly process of SIP.A full-wave simulation model is established for a hot-via chip-to-substrate interconnect structure with HFSS, based on which structural parameters, such as the gap between the hot-vias and the radius of the quasi-coaxial structure, are optimized for the best performance over 92-96 GHz.A prototype of the hot-via chip-to-substrate interconnects in their back-to-back connected form has been fabricated.Measured results demonstrate that the overall insertion loss is less than 1.85 dB, and the return loss is better than 12 dB from 92 GHz to 96 GHz.
Regarding of legislation on Cellular Therapy. A case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This manuscript is centered on novel aspects of the legislation on “Cell Therapy” through the case of a patient who underwent intrarticular treatment with an uncharacterized cellular product from which complications arose. It aims to alert the medical community that could act outside the regulations concerning advanced therapies, implying a risk of iatrogenic actions and consequent litigation processes. The commercial expansion of devices that offer cellular products without the control of the Health Administration makes it advisable to pay extreme attention to these legislative aspects.
Abstract 3470: Effects of combined phytochemicals on skin tumorgenesis in SENCAR mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The purpose of our study was to determine the effect of combined action of phytochemicals on early stages of skin tumorgenesis, i.e., initiation and promotion. We tested calcium D-glucarate (CG) given in the diet, while resveratrol (RES) and ursolic acid (URA) were applied topically. The 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-initiated, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-promoted multistage skin carcinogenesis model in SENCAR mice was used. Mice (6-7 weeks old) with shaved backs received one topical dose of DMBA (20 nmol), then after one month, two weekly doses (2 µg each) of TPA (tumor promoter) for 14 weeks until sacrifice. The phytochemicals RES (2.5 μmol) or URA (1 μmol) were applied topically 20 min prior to DMBA or TPA treatment and 2% dietary CG was given in the AIN-93G diet from 2 weeks prior to 2 weeks after the DMBA dose or continually beginning 2 weeks prior to the first dose of TPA. We determined the tumor incidence (% of mice with tumors) and tumor multiplicity (number of tumors per mouse) and using RT-PCR and immunochistochemical analyses, we checked the expression of some cell proliferation and inflammation related genes. URA applied alone and in combination with CG during the promotion stage was a strong inhibitor of tumor multiplicity and tumor incidence. Combinations of URA with dietary CG appeared to show some synergistic effects. All compounds and their combinations reduced epidermal proliferation, but only URA and a combination CG/URA applied during promotion significantly reduced hyperplasia, as determined by epidermal thickness measurements taken at 14 weeks of TPA treatment. DMBA/TPA treatments resulted in epidermal hyperplasia, characterized by significant increase in transcription factor AP-1 components and nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) expression levels with a simultaneously increased expression of the inflammation markers COX-2 and IL-6, compared to untreated controls. All anti-promotion treatments (either single compounds or their combinations) caused a marked decrease of inflammation related genes levels compared to the DMBA/TPA control. On the other hand, only URA and URA with dietary CG diminished the induced expression of proto-oncogenes c-jun and c-fos (components of AP-1) and the expression of NFkB protein p50. These results show that URA is a potent inhibitor of skin tumor promotion and it may be useful in the prevention of skin cancer and other epithelial cancers in humans. Supported by NIH grants CA 102747 and P30 CA 54174-16S1. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3470.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Kaligrafi Sistem Totol Spons di Pesantren Modern Nuur Ar-Radhiyyah

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Calligraphy plays a very important role in the development of Islamic civilization. In the current era of globalization, young people are exposed to a variety of knowledge, cultures, perspectives, and ethics that influence changes within them. This training was conducted with the aim of introducing the art of calligraphy to the students (santri), which they can develop as part of their future careers. The training activities were carried out by members of the field experience practice team, who are students of the Islamic College (Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam) Jam'iyah Mahmudiyah Tanjung Pura. The activity included planning, implementation, and evaluation. The methods used in this training were lectures, demonstrations, and hands-on practice. The results of this community service activity showed that: (1) The planning stage included initial observation, needs analysis, participant recruitment, and scheduling; (2) The training consisted of a one-time session using lectures, demonstrations, and writing practice; and (3) Evaluation was conducted during the training process, at the end of each session, and at the conclusion of the overall training. The dotted sponge calligraphy training left a unique impression and challenge for the students, fostering enthusiasm. It also brought about positive outcomes, such as helping students to develop calmness and concentration.
Dynamic observation on the plasma level of vascular endothelial growth factor in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after infusion of endostar combined with transarterial chemoembolization

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To observe the changes in the plasma level of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients after infusion of recombinant human endostatin(rh-endostatin) combined with transarterial chemoembolization(TACE).Methods:Forty HCC patients were randomly divided into two groups with 20 patients in each group.They were given single TACE treatment or combined treatment(TACE plus rh-endostatin infusion),respectively.Peripheral blood samples were collec-ted pre-operatively and on d 3,d 7,and one-month post-operatively.Plasma VEGF level was assayed by the quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results:In rh-endostatin infusion plus TACE group,plasma VEGF level was significantly elevated on d 3 post operation compared with pre-operative level(P=0.019).But the plasma VEGF level decreased gradually on d 7 and 1 month post-operation.The difference was not significant compared with pre-operative level(P=0.577 and P=0.740).In single TACE group,plasma VEGF level was gradually elevated on d 3 and d 7 post operation compared with pre-operative level(P=0.014 and P=0.002,respectively).Then it decreased gradually 1 month after treatment.The difference was not significant compared with pre-operative level(P=0.710).Conclusion:Dynamic detection of plasma VEGF levels in two groups of HCC patients reflected the inhibitory effects of rh-endostatin on the plasma VEGF level.It provided indirect evidence that rh-endostatin had inhibitory effects on tumor angiogenesis at certain degree.