jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effects of dehydration on thermoregulation in cats exposed to high ambient temperatures

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Measurements of evaporative water loss (EWL), metabolic rate (MR), body core temperature (Tc), and respiratory rate (RR) were made in nine hydrated cats exposed to several high ambient temperatures. Measurements were made in animals hydrated ad libitum and during progressive dehydration. At 43 and 40 degrees C, no significant change in EWL occurred during dehydration. At 38 and 35 degrees C, EWL in animals dehydrated for 4 days was reduced to about 50% of hydrated levels. Reductions in RR correlated highly with reduced EWL, suggesting that control of evaporation in dehydrated cats is dependent largely on control of RR. Significant elevations in Tc occurred in dehydrated animals at 43, 40, and 38 degrees C, and an insignificant upward trend was observed at 35 degrees C. Multiple linear regression analysis of data for EWL, Tc, and level of dehydration indicates that dehydration reduces the evaporative response to elevations in Tc and suggests that a change in the sensitivity of the thermoregulatory system is occurring. A similar analysis for MR, Tc, and level of dehydration shows that dehydration results in a lower MR at a given Tc. Changes in MR, corrected for body temperature, during dehydration are principally related at altered ventilatory energy expenditure. A model has been formed for estimating the metabolic cost of ventilation in the cat.
The Optimized Mode and Extended Connotation Construction for Middle and Higher Vocational Connection

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Under the background of coordinated development of middle and higher vocational education in National Medium and Long-term Educational Reform and Development Plan Outline,this paper defines the optimized mode for middle and higher vocational connection is 3+3 mode,on the basis of ten-year practical exploration.It means that students in the same or related majors can study in middle vocational colleges in the first three years,and they will get a further education in higher vocational colleges in the last three years.In order to ensure the effectiveness of connection,it should make full extension and connotation construction,including policy environment,coordinated constitute construction,especially professional training plan and comprehensive design of curriculum plan.
Design and implementation of safety traceability system for candied fruits based on two-dimension code technology

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Traceability is the basic principle of food safety.A food safety traceability system based on QR code and cloud computing technology was introduced in this paper.First of all we introduced the QR code technology and the concept of traceability.And then through the field investigation,we analyzed the traceability process.At the same time,we designed the system and database were found,and the consumer experiencing technology is studied.Finally we expounded the traceability information collection,transmission and final presentation style and expected the future development of traceability system.
Calcium utilization during reproduction in big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract To support the ossification of fetal and neonatal bones, reproductive females must transfer calcium to their offspring. The extent to which calcium is mobilized from maternal bone is related inversely to the amount of calcium ingested. Insectivorous bats consume a low-calcium diet, and thus, a reproductive female may experience a conflict over allocating dietary calcium to self-maintenance or her developing offspring. We tested the ability of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) to use elevated concentrations of dietary calcium to determine if available dietary calcium limits the amount of calcium that mothers transfer to their offspring. During late pregnancy and early lactation captive bats were fed diets with calcium content 10 times greater than (high-calcium) or equivalent to (low-calcium) diets consumed by free-ranging individuals. We measured the calcium content of guano produced by mothers as an indicator of calcium absorption and the calcium content of their young as a measure of total calcium allocated to offspring development. Females on the high-calcium diet defecated 13 times more calcium than females on the low-calcium diet, and no difference in body concentrations of calcium existed between pups produced by females on low- and high-calcium diets. This suggests that limited calcium intake does not constrain calcium transfer to offspring in big brown bats. It is likely that the calcium demands of offspring production are met largely by mobilizing maternal skeletal calcium.
Antibacterial substances in japanese green tea extract against Streptococcus mutans, a cariogenic bacterium.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

An extract of Japanese green tea, one of the most popular drinks in Japan, was an inhibitor of the growth of Streptococcus mutans, a bacterium responsible for causing dental caries. The analysis of the extract revealed that the main antibacterial components of the extract were several polv phenolic compounds, especially gallocatechin (GC), epigallocatechin (EGC), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg). GC was the most active component and its minimum inhibitory concentration against the bacterium was around 250 μg per ml.
SIGNALING AND COMMITMENT: MONETARY VERSUS INFLATION TARGETING

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The article compares the social efficiency of monetary targeting and inflation targeting when central banks may have private information on shocks to money demand and the transparency solution is not feasible because of verifiability problems. Under inflation targeting and monetary targeting, central banks may have an incentive to signal their private information in order to influence the public's expectations about future inflation. We show that inflation targeting is superior to monetary targeting, as it makes it easier for central banks to commit to low inflation. Moreover, central banks that are weak on inflation prefer inflation targeting to monetary targeting.
The investigation of aluminium wastes encapsulated in the individual phases of Ordinary Portland Cement

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The storage of expended radioactive wastes is one of the most costly aspects of nuclear energy due to the social and political concerns over environmental and safety issues. Immobilisation of radioactive wastes is carried out to allow them to be handled and stored safely. Currently, Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), blastfurnace slag (BFS) and pulverised fuel ash (PFA) are used as an encapsulation matrix. The high pH of the cement system limits the solubility of many of the radioactive nuclides present. However, corrosion can occur under these conditions, particularly for aluminium. The products of corrosion, hydrogen gas evolution and expansive hydroxides can lead to poor wasteform quality which raises questions about the environmental and safety issues of cemented wasteforms. This work aims to gain further understanding of the corrosion of aluminium simulant wastes within cement matrices by separating the complex OPC system into easy-to-define pure systems. Therefore, the pure phases, tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate and tetracalcium aluminoferrite are synthesised and the corrosion of Al studied. As a result, a comparison between corrosion in OPC and pure phases can be drawn to provide fundamental information on the governing mechanisms of the corrosion reactions.
Automated external defibrillation training on the left or the right side &amp;ndash; a randomized simulation study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Mathilde St&amp;aelig;rk,1 Henrik B&amp;oslash;dtker,1 Kasper G Lauridsen,1&amp;ndash;3 Bo L&amp;oslash;fgren,1,3,4 1Research Center for Emergency Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, 2Clinical Research Unit, 3Department of Internal Medicine, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, 4Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Background: Correct placement of the left automated external defibrillator (AED) electrode is rarely achieved. AED electrode placement is predominantly illustrated and trained with the rescuer sitting on the right side of the patient. Placement of the AED electrodes from the left side of the patient may result in a better overview of and access to the left lateral side of the thorax. This study aimed to investigate if training in automated external defibrillation on the left side compared to the right side of a manikin improves left AED electrode placement.Methods: Laypeople attending basic life support training were randomized to learn automated external defibrillation from the left or right side of a manikin. After course completion, participants used an AED and placed AED electrodes in a simulated cardiac arrest scenario.Results: In total, 40 laypersons were randomized to AED training on the left (n=19 [missing data =1], 63% female, mean age: 47.3 years) and right (n=20, 75% female, mean age: 48.7 years) sides of a manikin. There was no difference in left AED electrode placement when trained on the left or right side: the mean (SD) distances to the recommended left AED electrode position were 5.9 (2.1) cm vs 6.9 (2.2) cm (p=0.15) and to the recommended right AED electrode position were 2.6 (1.5) cm vs 1.8 (0.8) cm (p=0.06), respectively.Conclusion: Training in automated external defibrillation on the left side of a manikin does not improve left AED electrode placement compared to training on the right side. Keywords: automated external defibrillator, pads, basic life support, training
Natural occurrence of barley stripe mosaic virus in wild oats (Avena fatua)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Wild oats (Avena fatua), naturally infected with barley stripe mosaic virus, were detected in Manitoba in 1973 and 1974. The identity of the virus was confirmed on the basis of particle morphology, infectivity, and serological assays. Infected wild oats were rare and were found only in fields of barley in which a high proportion of the latter plants were also infected. The virus was transmitted through 22% of the seeds collected from naturally infected wild oats. Pale green spindle-shaped stripes were the most prominent symptom in leaves of naturally infected wild oats, whereas in leaves of seedlings infected by seed only mosaic symptoms developed.
Occurrence Download

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A dataset containing 7485 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Specimen)", "Geometry POLYGON((-157.09 59.07,-138.23 59.07,-138.23 63.5,-157.09 63.5,-157.09 59.07))", "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "License is one of (CC0 1.0, CC-BY 4.0, CC-BY-NC 4.0)", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", "TaxonKey is Ochrophyta" ] } The dataset includes 7485 records from 26 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0012438-250711103210423/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Asymptomatic chronic suppurative cholecystitis and peritonitis mimicking metastasis by 18F-FDG PET/CT scan during sigmoid colon cancer surveillance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The study describes an unusual case that a patient with previous history of adenocarcinoma of sigmoid colon who has developed chronic suppurative cholecystitis and peritonitis was misdiagnosed as metastasis. This case is presented to illustrate the importance of considering benign etiologies that may mimic metastatic disease when interpreting positron emmision tomography (PET)/CT scans.
Spectra of secondary emission during generation of optical harmonics in globular photonic crystals

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Secondary emission spectra of globular silica photonic crystals when their surfaces were exposed to laser pulses 250 fs long at a power density to 1 TW/cm2 have been studied. Optical harmonics and plasma emission were detected in this case. For the opal matrix containing pores filled with air, in the reflection mode, the third optical harmonic with a conversion efficiency of ∼10% arises. The highest conversion efficiency for exciting radiation with wavelengths of 1026 or 513 nm is implemented when the frequencies of the exciting radiation or the second harmonic are near the stop band edge. In globular photonic crystals filled with sodium nitrite or barium titanate ferroelectrics, the second optical harmonic is observed. The exciting radiation conversion efficiency to the second optical harmonic was a few percent and depended on the frequency of exciting radiation and photonic crystal globule diameters. It is found that the plasma emission intensity increases with the exciting radiation power density. The dependences of the intensity of the second and third optical harmonics on the pump intensity are constructed for various photonic crystal globule diameters.
Burn Center Verification and Safety Net Status: Are There Differences in Discharge to Inpatient Rehabilitation?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Discharge to acute rehabilitation following a major burn injury is crucial for patient recovery and quality of life. However, barriers to acute rehabilitation, including race and payor type, impede access. The effect of burn center organizational structure on discharge disparities remains unknown. This study aims to investigate associations between patient demographics, burn center factors, and discharge to acute rehabilitation on a population level. Using the California Healthcare Access and Information Database, 2009-2019, all inpatient encounters at verified and non-verified burn centers were extracted. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients discharged to acute rehabilitation. Key covariates included age, race, burn center safety net status, diagnosis-related group, American Burn Association (ABA) verification status, and American College of Surgeons Level 1 trauma center designation. Logistic regression and mixed-effects modeling were performed, with Bonferroni adjustment for multiple testing. Among 27 496 encounters, 0.8% (228) were discharged to inpatient rehabilitation. By race/ethnicity, the proportion admitted to inpatient rehabilitation was 0.9% for White, 0.6% for Black, 0.7% for Hispanic, and 1% for Asian. After adjusting for burn severity and age, notable predictors for discharge to inpatient rehabilitation included Medicare as payor (OR 0.30-0.88, P = .015) compared to commercial insurance, trauma center status (OR 1.45-3.43, P &lt; .001), ABA verification status (OR 1.16-2.74, P = .008), and safety net facility status (OR 1.09-1.97, P = .013). Discharge to inpatient rehabilitation varies by race, payor status, and individual burn center. Verified and safety net burn centers had more patients discharge to inpatient rehabilitation adjusted for burn severity and demographics.
Study of metrological characteristics of the state primary measurement standard of volume flow and mass consumption of liquid in preparation for participation in international comparisons

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper discusses the results of a study of metrological characteristics of the state primary measurement standard of volume flow and mass consumption of liquid, as well as the volume and mass of liquid flowing through pipelines (DETU 03-04-04). The study was conducted at the National Scientific Centre “Institute of Metrology” in preparation for international comparisons. Metrological characteristics of the components of the state measurement standard were studied, including the stability of the flow by experimentally determining the standard measurement uncertainty of the mass consumption of liquid at the measurement section of the standard. Based on the obtained results, the measurement standard was modernized. In addition, the paper discusses possible directions for further research aimed at improving measurement methods and analysing the measurement uncertainty of Type A. Further work in this direction can contribute to increasing the competitiveness across the national and international metrological community. The paper also examines the procedure for processing measurement results during international comparisons and identifies basic requirements for complying with international standards for further research of the measurement standard to meet these requirements. Metrological comparisons are an important part of metrology, as they ensure the equivalence of measurement units, which is essential for ensuring uniformity of measurements in various industrial and scientific areas. Such measures do not only promote scientific progress, but also ensure high standards of quality and safety in modern society. The results of this research will help to prepare for international comparisons, which are important for comparing measurement units. This, in turn, will contribute to more efficient transfer of measurement units to secondary measurement standards and measuring instruments.
Complexity and algorithms for finding a perfect phylogeny from mixed\n tumor samples

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Recently, Hajirasouliha and Raphael (WABI 2014) proposed a model for\ndeconvoluting mixed tumor samples measured from a collection of high-throughput\nsequencing reads. This is related to understanding tumor evolution and critical\ncancer mutations. In short, their formulation asks to split each row of a\nbinary matrix so that the resulting matrix corresponds to a perfect phylogeny\nand has the minimum number of rows among all matrices with this property. In\nthis paper we disprove several claims about this problem, including an\nNP-hardness proof of it. However, we show that the problem is indeed NP-hard,\nby providing a different proof. We also prove NP-completeness of a variant of\nthis problem proposed in the same paper. On the positive side, we propose an\nefficient (though not necessarily optimal) heuristic algorithm based on\ncoloring co-comparability graphs, and a polynomial time algorithm for solving\nthe problem optimally on matrix instances in which no column is contained in\nboth columns of a pair of conflicting columns. Implementations of these\nalgorithms are freely available at\nhttps://github.com/alexandrutomescu/MixedPerfectPhylogeny\n
Retest-reliability and tolerability of 10, 30 and 50 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for language mapping: a preclinical study

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Objective: Navigated repetitive transcranial stimulation (rTMS) represents a rather novel approach to depict highly language-relevant cortical sites non-invasively. Due to low specificity and considerable painfulness when stimulating with the commonly used 5-10 Hz rTMS, rTMS-language-mapping is still[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
Role of OsHSP90 and IREN, Ca2+dependent nuclease, in plant hypersensitive cell death induced by transcription factor OsNAC4

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The hypersensitive response (HR) is a form of programmed cell death (PCD) commonly associated with the immune response in plants. HR cell death is often characterized by DNA fragmentation, loss of plasma membrane integrity, protein degradation, and typical morphological changes such as plasma membrane shrinkage and nuclear condensation. Initiation of HR cell death requires de novo protein synthesis, suggesting that HR cell death induction involves a transcriptional network regulated by a key factor. We recently identified the OsNAC4 gene, which encodes a plant-specific transcription factor that exhibited rapid but transient transcriptional activation during the early stages of HR cell death. Overexpression of OsNAC4 in rice plants induced cell death accompanied by all characteristics of HR cell death: DNA fragmentation, loss of plasma membrane integrity, and protein degradation. In OsNAC4 RNAi knock-down lines exposed to an avirulent bacterial strain, the cellular response was characterized by a marked decrease in HR cell death compared to wild-type rice cells. Gene expression profiling, which compared rice cells and OsNAC4 knock-down transformants using a rice cDNA microarray, demonstrated that OsNAC4 controls the transcription of at least 139 genes including OsHSP90, involved in loss of plasma membrane integrity, and IREN, which encodes novel plant nuclease involved in cleavage of nuclear DNA. Here we report that although OsNAC4 overexpression caused rapid protein degradation during HR cell death, neither IREN nor OsHSP90 were involved. Thus, three important processes that accompany HR cell death are regulated by independent signaling pathways that are collectively induced by OsNAC4.
Inaccuracy Effects in Recursive Analog Sampled- Dat a Filters

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper investigates the coefficient inaccu- racy effects in the frequency response of discrete-time recur- sive transfer functions. After describing these inaccuracies as additive zero-mean Gaussian random variables, new ana- lytic expressions for the deviation in the frequency response of recursive sampled-data filters are derived through a sta- tistical analysis. Also obtained is an estimate of the actual magnitude of the filter frequency response. Results obtained through computer simulations using the Monte Carlo techni- que are compared to the proposed approach to give support to the developed analysis.
Mineralogical composition of sediment determines the preference for smooth particles by caddisfly larvae during case construction

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

1. The mineralogical/petrological composition of the substratum influences aquatic organisms in several ways. However, the actual mechanisms are often unclear. Some caddisfly larvae actively concentrate smooth quartz particles in their portable cases thus producing a smooth inner surface of the case wall. 2. The particle surface‐roughness preference of Perissoneura paradoxa (Odontoceridae) McLachlan inhabiting granite areas in relation to the mineral composition and surface roughness of sediment particles was examined. 3. Field surveys revealed that quartz was consistently smoother than other minerals but that it became rougher in larger size fractions, and the relative abundance of quartz decreased in larger size fractions. Consequently, smooth particles were less abundant in larger size fractions of the sediment. When larval cases were compared with sediment, quartz was actively concentrated in smaller cases of early instar larvae but was gradually less abundant in larger cases of well‐grown larvae. Because larvae use larger particles as they grow, late instar larvae develop an unselective choice of mineral types. 4. Subsequently, we experimentally forced the larvae to choose from a mixture of equal amounts of two artificial particles that had different textures (rough and smooth). The proportion of smooth particles chosen by larvae gradually decreased as they grew larger. 5. These results indicate that the larvae varied in their degree of preference according to particle availability in the surrounding sediment, which is governed by mineral composition and weatherability. We suggest that case‐bearing caddisfly can adapt to the local sediment environments by varying their standard and/or criteria for material choice. In this study, the possible mechanism for the variation is discussed.