jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Secret lanthanides.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Lanthanides are a group of 15 chemical elements which, together with their salts, have come to be used in the last decade as homoeopathic remedies. The effective introduction of lanthanides and their salts into the clinical use, as homoeopathic remedies was based on the idea of Jan Scholten, MD to relate their physicochemical properties shown in the periodic table of elements to their homoeopathic potential. The lanthanides and their salts were prepared as homoeopathic remedies by Pharmacist Robert Münz.
Liability Insurance as Protection Against Legal Error

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

If the legal system operates perfectly in applying the negligence rule, potential injurers always meet the standard of care and are never liable. But substantial evidence suggests that courts make mistakes in applying the negligence rule. We analyze the behavior of the potential injurer, the potential victim and the insurer in the presence of legal errors. We show that, as intuition suggests, the risk of legal errors is sufficient to create a demand for liability insurance. In equilibrium, potential victims sue with positive probability and potential injurers buy insurance,but purchase less than full coverage.
Clinical implications of a patent foramen ovale in patients with massive pulmonary embolism

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of our investigations was to prospectively evaluate the clinical relevance of a patent foramen ovale in patients with acute massive pulmonary embolism with regard to mortality, the occurrence of cardiovascular complications and the extent of arterial hypoxemia. In 85 patients and in a second study in 139 patients with acute massive pulmonary embolism a right-to-left shunt was diagnosed by contrast echocardiography. A patent foramen ovale was found in 39 % of the patients in the first and in 35 % in the second study. With regard to the extent of arterial hypoexemia the oxygen tension was significantly lower in patients with a patent foramen ovale (55 ∓ 14 mm Hg vs 62 ∓ 16 mm Hg). Furthermore in the second study, clinical symptoms presumptive of paradoxical embolism occurred in 13 patients (27 %) with a patent foramen ovale and in 2 patients (2.2 %) without a patent foramen ovale. During the inhospital stay, patients with a patent foramen ovale had a death rate of 33 % as opposed to 14 % in patients without a patent foramen ovale. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that after adjustment for the clinical characteristics the only independent predictors of inhospital mortality were arterial hypotension at presentation (p < 0.01) and a patent foramen ovale (p < 0.001). Patients with a patent foramen ovale also had a significantly higher incidence of cardiovascular complications. Overall, the risk of a complicated in-hospital course was 5.2 times higher in the patient group with a patent foramen ovale. These investigations underlines the prognostic impact of a patent foramen ovale in high-risk patients with acute massive pulmonary embolism.
The association between job stress related factors and job performance at Pejabat Mara Negeri Melaka / Hanisah Husin

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study is conducted in order to examine the association of job stress related factors and employee job performance at Pejabat MARA Negeri Melaka. The main focus of this study was to identify the main factor that can influence job performance by examining the factors, including role ambiguity, workload and role conflict that can affect employee job performance at the organization. It also focusses to establish the relationship between job stress related factors and job performance. This study adopted a descriptive research as a research design and employed a quantitative technique that carried out on 52 respondents, and the data are collected through a set of questionnaires. The study findings revealed that all the respondents had ever experienced stress from work and pointing out from the three job stress related factors which is role ambiguity, workload, and role conflict, only role ambiguity and role conflict are mainly affected their job performance on that organization. Therefore, the study concludes that two factors of job stress, which is role ambiguity and role conflict has a positive relationship to the employee’s job performance, which the more the stress, the less the employee will perform. While for workload, it can be concluded that the factor are not influencing performance because has negative correlation with job performance. The study recommends that employees should clearly define their roles and objectives in order to minimize role ambiguity and role conflict which can lead to poorer performance in an organization.
Multi-criteria Assessment of Innovative Technology in the Beef Industry

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In Australia rural research and development corporations and companies expended over $AUS500 million on agricultural research and development. A substantial proportion of this is invested in R&D in the beef industry. The Australian beef industry exports almost $AUS5billionof product annually and invest heavily in new product development to improve the beef quality and improve production efficiency. Review points are critical for effective new product development, yet many research and development bodies, particularly publicly funded ones, appear to ignore the importance of assessing products prior to their release. Significant sums of money are invested in developing technological innovations that have low levels and rates of adoption. The adoption rates could be improved if the developers were more focused on technology uptake and less focused on proving their technologies can be applied in practice. Several approaches have been put forward in an effort to improve rates of adoption into operational settings. This paper presents a study of key technological innovations in the Australian beef industry to assess the use of multiple criteria in evaluating the potential uptake of new technologies. Findings indicate that using multiple criteria to evaluate innovations before commercializing a technology enables researchers to better understand the issues that may inhibit adoption.
Pathogenesis, risk factors, and management of postoperative delayed gastric emptying after distal gastrectomy: a narrative review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: This narrative review elucidates the complex pathogenesis, key risk factors, and effective management strategies for postoperative delayed gastric emptying (DGE) following distal gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy, a definitive procedure for middle and lower gastric cancer. It also explores opportunities for improved prevention and innovative treatment options. Current concept: DGE significantly disrupts gastric motility and presents with symptoms such as early satiety, postprandial fullness, nausea, vomiting, and gastric atony. Although rarely fatal, DGE hampers oral intake, prolongs hospital stays, and diminishes quality of life. Current evidence indicates that DGE is a multifactorial disorder resulting from an interplay of vagal nerve disruption, damage to smooth muscle and interstitial cells of Cajal, imbalances in gastrointestinal hormones, and postoperative gut microbiome dysbiosis. Patient-specific factors, including advanced age, poor nutritional status, diabetes, and preoperative pyloric obstruction, along with surgical factors (most notably Billroth II reconstruction), further increase the risk of DGE. Management involves dietary modifications, prokinetic agents (such as metoclopramide and selective 5-HT4 agonists like prucalopride), and gastric decompression.Conclusion: DGE is a challenging complication following gastrectomy that demands a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms to improve patient outcomes. Emerging therapies, including microbiota modulation and advanced pharmacological agents, offer promising new treatment avenues.
Comparison of radiation collector systems in the degradation of Contaminants of Emerging Concern by heterogeneous photocatalysis with solar radiation

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Wastewater contaminated with Emerging Concern Contaminants (CEC) can originate from various sources, including industry, agriculture, urban areas, and hospitals. Among the Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) used for water treatment with CEC, Heterogeneous Photocatalysis (HP) with TiO2 has proven to be highly effective. In this research study, the degradation of Safranin T (SF), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and Sulfacetamide (SAM) was investigated using solar-HP in a quartz wall reactor. Initially, the best operating conditions were determined using a lamp emitting at a wavelength of 365 nm. Subsequently, under these favorable conditions (high flow and aeration), solar light was employed to degrade SF, SAM, and 2,4-D, with four different radiation collector systems: Flat Plate Collector (FPC), V Collector (VC), Parabolic Collector (PC), and Compound Parabolic Cylinder Collector (CPC). The aim was to achieve an equal value of accumulated energy (122.77 kJ m-2) in the system for all configurations. The results showed that the Parabolic Collector (PC) exhibited the best performance in treating all three pollutants. Finally, the researchers calculated the Collector Impact Ratio Factor (CIRF) for the pollutants, revealing a significant degradation rate of up to 12 times for SAM. These findings highlight the effectiveness of solar-HP, specifically with the Parabolic Collector (PC), in efficiently treating wastewater contaminated with Safranin T, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and Sulfacetamide.
Study of Dust Impact Signals around Mars using MAVEN/LPW Observations

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Electric field instruments can detect dust impacts on a spacecraft body as transient pulses in the measured electric field. Our study investigates these transient (millisecond) pulses detected by the Langmuir Probe and Waves (LPW) instrument onboard the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) spacecraft. We present a statistical analysis of 360,000 medium frequency burst electric field waveforms recorded in 2015; the study aims to identify and analyze the characteristics of these transient pulses. An automatic routine is used to detect waveforms with rapid fluctuations in the electric field data; this comprises over 12,000 events in the dipole and nearly 5,000 in the monopole configurations. Our findings reveal that most of the pulses in monopole configuration are likely the result of interference rather than dust impacts. Our analysis mainly focuses on dipole observations, which predominantly consist of bipolar events typically associated with dust impacts. These events are mainly detected in the Martian ionosphere, where the spacecraft is negatively charged. Fewer events are recorded when the spacecraft is positively charged, with a maximum at an altitude of 1200 km. The low detection rate of dust impact signals outside the ionosphere suggests that the planet is the most probable source of these dust particles. However, the physical processes by which dust grains are lifted from the surface of the planet to high altitudes are not clear, and thus a possibility that the signals observed might not be generated by dust impacts remains for further investigations.
Loperamide modifies but does not block the corticotropin-releasing hormone-induced ACTH response in patients with Addison's disease.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The effect of loperamide - a peripheral opiate agonist - on plasma ACTH response to Corticotropin-releasing Hormone (CRH) has been investigated in 6 patients with Addison's disease. After placebo administration CRH induced a marked ACTH increase. After loperamide administration ACTH levels fell to a nadir of 135 +/- 76 pg/ml, and then CRH was still able to induce an ACTH increase; the pattern of ACTH response to CRH was slightly delayed. There was a significant difference between the two ACTH curves after CRH only in the early phase of the response. These data suggest that the inhibitory role of loperamide on ACTH secretion is exerted at supra-pituitary level, although a pituitary site of action can not be excluded.
Disposal of tritium-exposed metal hydrides

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

A plan has been established for disposal of tritium-exposed metal hydrides used in Savannah River Site (SRS) tritium production or Materials Test Facility (MTF) R&D operations. The recommended plan assumes that the first tritium-exposed metal hydrides will be disposed of after startup of the Solid Waste Disposal Facility (SWDF) Expansion Project in 1992, and thus the plan is consistent with the new disposal requiremkents that will be in effect for the SWDF Expansion Project. Process beds containing tritium-exposed metal hydride powder will be disposed of without removal of the powder from the bed; however, disposal of tritium-exposed metal hydride powder that has been removed from its process vessel is also addressed.
Automated Strategy Invention for Confluence of Term Rewrite Systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Term rewriting plays a crucial role in software verification and compiler optimization. With dozens of highly parameterizable techniques developed to prove various system properties, automatic term rewriting tools work in an extensive parameter space. This complexity exceeds human capacity for parameter selection, motivating an investigation into automated strategy invention. In this paper, we focus on confluence of term rewrite systems, and apply AI techniques to invent strategies for automatic confluence proving. Moreover, we randomly generate a large dataset to analyze confluence for term rewrite systems. We improve the state-of-the-art automatic confluence prover CSI: When equipped with our invented strategies, it surpasses its human-designed strategies both on the augmented dataset and on the original human-created benchmark dataset ARI-COPS, proving/disproving the confluence of several term rewrite systems for which no automated proofs were known before.
New pathway to heterodinuclear complexes with equivalent coordination sites: application of the cis-trans isomerization of the oxamido group

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew pathway to heterodinuclear complexes with equivalent coordination sites: application of the cis-trans isomerization of the oxamido groupJ. P. Costes and J. P. LaurentCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 11, 2234–2236Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00310a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00310a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views60Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Gender and water governance in Mexico

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to look at how water management reflects patriarchal considerations or gender biases that inflict a penalty upon Mexican women and enumerates recommendations that can both ameliorate water management across Mexico. Design/methodology/approach Peer-reviewed scholarly materials, carefully vetted for empirical worth, for the clarity and soundness of their research methodologies, and for their capacity to account for confounding or complicating factors, are reviewed. Special attention is given to studies, found in academic databases such as EBSCOHost, conducted in the years 2013–2018. Findings The Mexican state has finally made some progress in recognizing the hurdles women face in attaining educational equality, but there is not yet the universal application and comity that would ensure appropriate levels of representation in all communities. Mexico will have to do more to compel local actors to give greater credence to the voices of women. Research limitations/implications There is a need for further primary research to more comprehensively capture what actions women are taking to carve out a large policy-making space for themselves in a country that has only quite recently begun to realize the contributions women can make to forward-looking water governance policy. Originality/value The uneasy confluence between water governance and gender within the Mexican context is an area of growing concern to those interested in how water management systems and protocols shape broader social justice and equality developments across Mexico.
Occurrence of Amyloidosis in Cattle Which Were Judged Unfit for Consumption Through Veterinary Meat Inspection

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

食肉検査で食用不適と判断した牛431頭より無作為に抽出した19例の心臓・肺・肝臓・腎臓・脾臓及び舌を病理組織学的及び免疫組織化学的に検索した．これらの19例中10例（52.6％）で，いずれかの臓器にAAアミロイドの沈着を認めた．全部廃棄理由では，「高度の水腫」で5例中4例（80.0％）に，「敗血症」で13例中6例（46.1％）に沈着が認められ，「膿毒症」1例では沈着を認めなかった．沈着例は37～130カ月齢のホルスタイン種雌であった．また，肝臓及び腎臓に沈着を認める例が多く，舌に沈着を認める例もあった．沈着臓器の肉眼的変化について，高度沈着のあった腎臓2例で腫大や黄色化を認めたが，他の症例では著変を認めなかった．本調査よりと畜場搬入牛におけるアミロイド症の発生状況等についてさらに調査が必要であると考えられた．
Deep learning techniques to process 3D chest CT

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The idea of using X&ndash;rays and Computed Tomography (CT) images as diagnostic method has been explored in several studies. Most of these studies work with slices of CT image in 2D, requiring less computational capacity and less time to process them than 3D. The processing of volumetric data (the complete CT images in 3D) adds an extra dimension of information. However, the magnitude of the data is considerably larger than working with slices in 2D, so extra computational processing is required. In this study a model capable of performing a classification of a 3D input that represents the volume of the CT scan is proposed. The model is able to classify the 3D input between COVID&ndash;19 and Non&ndash;COVID&ndash;19, but reducing the use of resources when performing the classification. The proposed model is the ResNet&ndash;50 model with a new dimension of information added, which is a simple autoencoder . This autoencoder is trained on the same dataset, and a vector representation of each exam is generated and used together with the exams to feed the ResNet&ndash;50 . To validate the proposal, the same proposed model is compared with and without the autoencoder module that provides more information to the proposed model. The proposed model obtains better metrics than the same model without the autoencoder , confirming that extracting relevant features from the dataset helps improve the performance of the model.
The agency of CLIL primary school teachers in Austria

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Although recent years have seen a growth in studies examining teacher agency, educators working in the primary sector remain a relatively under-researched population. One specific group of teachers in primary education are those who teach Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). In this study, we wanted to understand how CLIL primary teachers’ sense of agency helped them to navigate this professional role, considering factors in their ecologies which supported or inhibited their agency. Based on semi-structured, in-depth interviews with six primary school CLIL teachers, this study shows that even though these teachers were initially passionate about CLIL, they all ultimately exercised their agency as teachers in giving up on CLIL due to a limited sense of agency in the particular role as a CLIL educator.
Molecular Level Control Through Dual Site Participation Using Bimetallic Catalysts - Final Report

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The overall goal of this research program was to explore the hypothesis that it is possible to design a bimetallic surface such that each metal catalyzes different elementary reaction steps in an overall reaction pathway. A corollary to this hypothesis is that the different ensemble size requirements for an elementary reaction step can be used to force an elementary reaction step to occur on only one of the metals. The research program involved a combination of materials synthesis, chemical kinetics experiments, spectroscopic studies and computational investigations. The major outcome of this research program was the development and dissemination of the Dual Site Model, for which chlorocarbon reactions in the presence of hydrogen were used as model systems.
The Accuracy of Retrospective Recall of Childhood ADHD: Results from a Longitudinal Study

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a childhood-onset condition that may continue into adulthood. When assessing adult patients, clinicians usually rely on retrospective reports of childhood symptoms to evaluate the age-of-onset criterion. Since inaccurate symptom recall may impede the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD, knowledge about the factors influencing retrospective reports is needed. This longitudinal study investigated (a) the accuracy of retrospective symptom ratings by adult participants with a childhood diagnosis of ADHD (self-ratings) and parents or significant others (proxy ratings), and (b) the influence of current ADHD symptom severity and ADHD-associated impairments on retrospective symptom ratings. Participants ( N = 55) were members of the Cologne Adaptive Multimodal Treatment (CAMT) study who had been referred and treated for ADHD in childhood and were reassessed in adulthood (average age 27 years). Participants’ retrospective self-ratings were substantially lower than, and did not correlate with, parents’ ADHD symptom ratings provided at study entry, while retrospective symptom ratings provided by proxy respondents correlated moderately with parents’ childhood ratings. In addition, participants were more likely to underreport childhood symptoms (79%) and more frequently denied the presence of three or more childhood symptoms (17%) compared to proxy respondents (65% underreporting, 10% false-negative recall). Proxy respondents’ symptom recall was best predicted by childhood ADHD, while participants’ symptom recall was best predicted by current ADHD symptom severity. ADHD-associated impairments were not correlated with symptom recall after controlling for childhood ADHD. Together, these findings suggest a recall bias in adult patients and question the validity of retrospective reports, even in clinical samples.