jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Application of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research Model to Design and Implement an Optimization Methodology within an Ambulatory Setting

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Following the implementation of a new electronic health record (EHR) system at Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), the demands of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic forced an abrupt reallocation of resources away from EHR adoption. To assist staff in focusing on techniques for improving EHR utilization, an optimization methodology was designed referencing the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) approach. Methods The study was performed using a methodology that comprised of two primary components as follows: (1) analysis of qualitative and quantitative data and (2) participation of frontline staff in project work groups. Working groups mapped out the current state of the identified workflows, designed and implemented interventions, monitored the effectiveness of each intervention, and scaled the proposed changes. Results As a result of the optimization methodology, clinical and operational workflows improved in the pilot department. Operationally, the pilot department increased enrollment of patients in the virtual patient portal by 20%, increased schedule utilization by 25%, and reduced average check-in time by 19%. Clinically, the pilot department had a statistically significant increase in dictation and NoteWriter tool note composition from their baseline month to their observed month. Compared with the control department, the pilot department had a statistically significant increase in SmartTool and dictation note composition. The control department showed smaller increases, and in some cases a decline in performance, in these areas of operational and clinical workflows. Conclusion The CFIR framework helped design an optimization methodology by applying a set of constructs to support effective organizational optimization, accounting for inner and outer settings. Through this methodology, the inner setting was supported in leading the identification and execution of interventions targeted to impact the outer setting. The phase-1 data at CUIMC suggest this strategy is effective in identifying opportunities, implementing interventions and creating a scalable process for continued organizational optimization.
Zoledronic acid: 4 mg or 5 mg?

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Zoledronic acid is an aminobisphosphonate that is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption. Now there are two kinds of zoledronic acid(4 mg and 5 mg) on the shelf of the pharmacy with different FDA-approved indications(antihypercalcaemia and anti-osteoporosis), which makes clinicians and pharmacists confused. Our hypothesis is that 4 mg zoledronic acid could be effective in osteoporosis patients. Theoretically, the mechanism of the anti-osteoporosis effect and anti-hypercalcaemia effect is to inhibit the osteoclasts, thus reducing the serum Ca2+ concentration and improving the bone mineral density. And the anti-osteoporosis effect of zoledronic acid is dose-dependent. What's more, some clinical trials showed that 4 mg zoledronic acid was effective in treating osteoporosis. Moreover, several clinical trials have demonstrated that zoledronic acid(4 mg) may be effective in countering bone loss resulted from aromatase inhibitor therapy or endocrine therapy. Thus maybe 4-mg dose is enough for both diseases and the 5-mg dose seems unnecessary. We just need to optimize the dosing frequency according to different conditions.
Mechanomics Biomarker for Cancer Cells Unidentifiable through Morphology and Elastic Modulus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cellular mechanical properties are potential cancer biomarkers used for objective cytology to replace the current subjective method relying on cytomorphology. However, heterogeneity among intra/intercellular mechanics and the interplay between cytoskeletal prestress and elastic modulus obscured the difference detectable between malignant and benign cells. In this work, we collected high density nanoscale prestress and elastic modulus data from a single cell by AFM indentation to generate a cellular mechanome. Such high dimensional mechanome data was used to train a malignancy classifier through machine learning. The classifier was tested on 340 single cells of various origins, malignancy, and degrees of similarity in morphology and elastic modulus. The classifier showed instrument-independent robustness and classification accuracy of 89% with an AUC-ROC value of 93%. A signal-to-noise ratio 8 times that of the human-cytologist-based morphological method was also demonstrated, in differentiating precancerous hyperplasia cells from normal cells derived from the same lung cancer patient.
2674. Microbiome and Cumulative Antibiotic Use as Predictors of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infection in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Remission-Induction Chemotherapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background S. maltophilia infections are increasingly common in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and associated with high mortality. S. maltophilia is a frequent colonizer in AML patients but relatively little is known about factors that drive S. maltophilia infection. We sought to evaluate the utility of cumulative antibiotic use and the microbiome as predictors of S. maltophilia infection in AML patients receiving remission induction chemotherapy (RIC). Methods We performed a subanalysis of a prospective, observational cohort study between September 2013 and August 2015 of adult patients with AML receiving RIC. In this study, fecal and oral microbiome samples collected every 96 hours from the start of RIC until neutrophil recovery were assessed for the relative abundance of S. maltophilia via 16s rRNA quantitation. The primary outcome, microbiologically proven S. maltophilia infection, was analyzed using a time-varying Cox proportional hazards model accounting for S. maltophilia relative abundance and cumulative antibiotic exposure. Patients were censored at neutrophil recovery or death. Results 90 patient were included; of whom, 8 (9%) developed S. maltophilia infection (pneumonia, n = 6; skin/soft-tissue infection, n = 2). 4/8 (50%) patients were bacteremic. 7/8 (88%) patients with S. maltophilia infection had detectable oral 16s oral reads mapping to S. maltophilia vs 22/82 (27%) without infection (P < 0.01). An oral S. maltophilia relative abundance of 36% predicted infection (sensitivity: 96%, specificity 93%, likelihood ratio +: 17.08). No association of S. maltophilia infection with the fecal relative abundance was seen. Cumulative meropenem exposure was associated with increased infection risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.17, 95% CI 1.01 – 1.35, P = 0.03), while levofloxacin was associated with decreased infection risk (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.66 – 1.04, P = 0.10). Conclusion The oral microbiome may play an important role in S. maltophilia pathogenesis in AML patients. Cumulative antibiotic exposure likely modifies S. maltophilia infection risk. These data suggest that real-time molecular monitoring of the oral cavity for S. maltophilia in AML patients could identify patients at high risk for S. maltophilia infection and improve targeted therapy. Disclosures Samuel L. Aitken, PharmD, Melinta Therapeutoics: Grant/Research Support, Research Grant; Merck, Sharpe, and Dohme: Advisory Board; Shionogi: Advisory Board.
Occupational balance as described by older workers over the age of 65

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Occupational balance promotes health, knowledge about occupational balance among older workers is important. This qualitative study aimed to describe occupational balance among older workers in Sweden. Six focus groups and two individual interviews were conducted with 26 workers, aged 65 years and older. The findings showed that drawing on abilities and resources, a harmonious mix of occupations, as well as congruence with values and personal meaning contributed to the participants’ occupational balance. From a work perspective, organizational factors such as support from managers and having the freedom to influence work tasks, as well as work time, also contributed to occupational balance. The participants changed their occupational pattern to achieve a more harmonious mix of occupations. This change was based on values and experience derived through the meaning of occupations, and on abilities and resources. Enabling older people to achieve occupational balance and promoting health may contribute to possibilities for an extended working life and active ageing.
VAMP: A Video Activity Monitoring Processor for the Registration of Animal Locomotor Activity

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT In many bioenergetic investigations, the discrimination of resting and activity metabolism represents an important problem. Personal observation, a possible solution to this problem, becomes very impractical in highly automated long-term experiments. An adequate method of measuring activity should meet the following demands : it should be able to quantify the movement of several objects simultaneously, it should be usable with animals of different shapes and sizes, and it should cause minimal disturbance to the animals.
EFFECT OF LIGATION OF THE PAROTID DUCTS ON THE CARBOHYDRATE TOLERANCE OF NORMAL DOGS

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

During the period, about forty years ago, when Minkowski 1 was establishing a probable relationship between the pancreas and diabetes, two Italian workers, de Renzi and Reale, 2 reported diabetes in dogs following the extirpation of the glands and of the duodenum. Minkowski felt that the removal of the duodenum could not be effected without at the same time materially damaging the pancreas. He repeated the experiments on the glands and found a mild (from 1 to 3 per cent), inconstant, transient glycosuria after removal of these glands. He concluded that this glycosuria was nonspecific, that it was incidental to the operation or the anesthetic, and that the glands had nothing to do with the control of the sugar metabolism. This is the view that, with very few exceptions, has prevailed regarding the function of the glands. In 1907, Ferrannini 3 reported a case of salivary
Results and complications of percutaneous co-axial trans-thoracic biopsy in lung masses: our clinical experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims: The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic rates and procedure-related complications in lung masses undergoing computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous coaxial trans-thoracic biopsy (PCTTB). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 117 patients who underwent CT-guided PCTTB between January 2016 and December 2018. A 64 slice Multislice-CT was used in each patient. A core biopsy was performed with a 16–18-gauge needle using the co-axial method. The demographic characteristics of the patients, post-procedural diagnosis rates, and complications were evaluated. Results: Of 117 patients, 93 were male (mean age 67.9±10.8 years) and 24 were female (mean age 64.2±15.2 years). The pathologic evaluation of three patients was reported as "insufficient material". The diagnostic sensitivity of CT-guided PCTTB was 97.4%. Malignant lesions were detected in 70 patients (59.8%) and benign lesions in 44 patients (37.9%). The most common complication was pneumothorax, which occurred in 24 (20.5%) patients. A thoracic tube was inserted in three of these patients, while the others were discharged with follow-up. Other complications were hemorrhage (10.3%) and hemoptysis (12%), respectively. While mortality in CT-guided biopsy was associated with air embolization in some studies, mortality was not present in our study. Conclusion: CT-guided PCTTB lung biopsies have a high diagnostic rate and acceptable complications. Percutaneous coaxial trans-thoracic biopsy should be the first choice in all appropriate cases.
Plutarch, Shakespeare and Lodge: the literary and theatrical origins of Otway's The History and Fall of Caius Marius 1680

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article PLUTARCH, SHAKESPEARE AND LODGE: THE LITERARY AND THEATRICAL ORIGINS OF OTWAY'S THE HISTORY AND FALL OF CAIUS MARIUS (I680) Get access BARBARA A. MURRAY BARBARA A. MURRAY Department of English, University of St AndrewsSt Andrews, Fife, KYI6 9AL, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Forum for Modern Language Studies, Volume XXXII, Issue 1, January 1996, Pages 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1093/fmls/XXXII.1.1 Published: 01 January 1996
The Multispectrum High Convertor Water Reactor

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

In the multispectrum high convertor pressurized water reactor, the core is divided into several regions with a different moderator-to-fuel (M/F) volume ratio specified in each region. This results in a variation of the neutron spectrum in the reactor. As the average M/F ratio is low (tight-lattice configuration), the resulting spectrum in the reactor is hard and a high conversion ratio can thus be achieved. In addition, the difference in the M/F ratio allows for a better negative reactivity void response as compared to a similar monospectrum reactor. Analysis and optimization of such a reactor concept are presented and discussed.
The autonomous mobile robot that tracks tile grid pattern based on character matrix map

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We propose a method of autonomous driving by using a character matrix map to determine the current location and planning a path to the destination for the robot that tracks tile grid pattern. Compared to conventional methods, it is simpler and more economical as it enables the positioning and planned path driving of mobile robots only with information from a camera without any construction or addition of devices for mobile robotic systems.
Localized Protein Quantification of Blood Brain Barrier Vasculature in Brightfield IHC Images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present an objective method for locally quantifying proteins in blood brain barrier (BBB) vasculature using standard immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques and bright-field microscopy. Images from the hippocampal region at the BBB are acquired using bright-field microscopy and subjected to our immunohistochemistry quantification (IQ) algorithm which is designed to automatically identify and segment microvessels containing the protein glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1). Gabor filtering and k-means clustering are employed to isolate potential vascular structures within cryopsectioned slabs of the hippocampus, which are subsequently subjected to feature extraction followed by classification via decision forest. The false positive rate (FPR) of microvessel classification is characterized using synthetic and non-synthetic IHC image data for image entropies ranging between 3 and 8 bits. The average FPR for synthetic and non-synthetic IHC image data was found to be 5.48% and 5.04%, respectively.
An Elderly Unresponsive Patient

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

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IDDF2024-ABS-0445 PLOD2 promotes colorectal cancer liver metastasis by secreting exosome to mediate macrophages senescence

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background

Liver metastasis remains a major obstacle to the long-term survival of colorectal cancer patients. Senescent cells play relevant but context-dependent roles during tumorigenesis. The communication between cancer-derived exosomes and stroma plays an irreplaceable role in facilitating pre-metastatic niche formation and cancer metastasis. However, the mechanisms underlying exosome-mediated colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) remain incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrated that the exosome from PLOD2- upregulated -CRC cell facilitated CRLM through altering their local microenvironment.

Methods

Immunofluorescent analyses evaluated the intake of exosome. LC–MS/MS proteomic profiling identified the change between exosome from HCT116 PLOD-wt and HCT116 PLOD-KO. Single-cell RNA sequencing was conducted on CRLM in a mouse model to gain further insight into the pre-metastatic microenvironment. SA-β-gal staining assays were used to measure cellular senescence. Blood sera, CRLM tumor tissue samples, and tissue array were included for clinical correlations.

Results

Patients with CRLM exhibited an upregulated expression of PLOD2 in primary tumors than those without CRLM. Downregulation of PLOD2 could reduce the CRLM in a mouse model. In an exosome education CRLM mouse model, we found that senescent macrophages were accumulated in the HCT116 PLOD-wt mouse model. The addition of exosome from HCT116 PLOD-wt actively fused with macrophages and transferred a senescent phenotype.

Conclusions

Collectively, our data suggests PLOD2 can support colorectal cancer transforming to the liver by altering the local liver microenvironment, providing new insight into therapy for CRLM patients.
Drag-and-drop pasting

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present a user-friendly system for seamless image composition, which we call drag-and-drop pasting. We observe that for Poisson image editing [Perez et al. 2003] to work well, the user must carefully draw a boundary on the source image to indicate the region of interest, such that salient structures in source and target images do not conflict with each other along the boundary. To make Poisson image editing more practical and easy to use, we propose a new objective function to compute an optimized boundary condition. A shortest closed-path algorithm is designed to search for the location of the boundary. Moreover, to faithfully preserve the object's fractional boundary, we construct a blended guidance field to incorporate the object's alpha matte. To use our system, the user needs only to simply outline a region of interest in the source image, and then drag and drop it onto the target image. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our "drag-and-drop pasting" system.
The Changing Face of Malaysian Crafts, Barbara Leigh

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This new work on Malaysia’s material culture brings the country’s handicrafts from the past into the present, and the future. The main branches of Malaysian handicrafts (particularly textile and metal production) are on the whole well documented as far as their origins are concerned; there is however a tendency to cut off by the mid-twentieth century, and regard later production as ‘modern’ and, by implication, ‘inferior.’ That is not how Leigh sees the Malaysian handicrafts scene. She traces...
Modeling Diabetes Risk Factors (A Case Study of Focus Medical Centre in Kiambu, Kenya 2016)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study sought to model risk factors of diabetes (A case study of Focus Medical Center in Kiambu, Kenya) for the year 2016. We considered sample of size 181 patients and carried descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, Chi-Square test and Hosmer and Lemeshow test. The independence test between response variable (diabetes) and predictor variables (age, obesity, alcohol, smoking and hypertension) was carried. The variables age, obesity, alcohol and hypertension were found to be statistically significant at α =0.05 level of significant. A multiple logistic regression model was fitted and the fitted regression model indicated that the predictor variables age, obesity and alcohol were statistically significant. The results of the odds ratios show that age, obesity and alcohol consumption are positively associated with diabetes. The fitted reduced multiple logistic regression model was subjected to an overall goodness-of-fit test and results indicate that there is no significant difference between the observed and predicted probability. Based on the results of this study, we recommend that special attention should be given to individuals advanced in age, consume alcohol or who are obese for screening as there is a high possibility of testing positive for diabetes for health care givers to monitor and manage the condition. Further, healthy lifestyles should be promoted among the general population and in particular, the diabetic patients to increase the chance of properly managing the condition. A further study ought to be conducted to assess treatment interventions of diabetes to ascertain the effectiveness and recommend the best medication for patients suffering from diabetes.
Confronting the Jewish Rejection of Jewish Particularism: Chaim Zhitlowsky’s Anti-Assimilationist Intervention in the American Yiddish Press

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article examines Chaim Zhitlowsky’s (1865-1943) use of the “internal” Jewish space of the Yiddish press to critique the American melting pot and present his alternative “internationalist” model. He also attempted to raise the consciousness of immigrant Jews by analyzing the reasons for their failure to embrace what he defined as “progressive nationalism.” His application of Eastern European autonomist ideas to the American context offers a provocative critique of cosmopolitan tendencies in progressive politics, in Jewish circles and beyond.
Commercial propolis liquid products : comparison of physicochemical properties and antioxidant and antimicrobial properties : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Food Technology at Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Figure 2.2 is re-used under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 (CC BY 3.0) license. Figure 2.3 (=Siheri et al., Fig 7.3 p.140, in Alvarez-Suarez, 2017) was removed for copyright reasons.