jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
117 Improved Growth Performance in the F1 Heterozygous Generation of an SSTR2 Knockout Model in Swine

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Targeted genetic alteration provides opportunities for rapid genetic improvement in resilience, welfare and production traits. Somatostatin (SST) acts via negative feedback to regulate growth hormone (GH) activity by antagonizing GH releasing hormone via SST receptors (SSTR) located in the anterior pituitary. Our objective was to reduce the negative effect of SST in the anterior pituitary on protein accretion by reducing the number of functional copies of SSTR2 using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. We hypothesized that a reduction or elimination of SSTR2 would lead to improved growth performance. To test this hypothesis, three commercial gilts were bred with semen from a founder boar in a compound heterozygous state at the SSTR2 locus with a 1bp deletion in one allele resulting in a premature stop codon and a 3bp deletion in the other allele resulting in the loss of a single amino acid predicted to remain functional after translation. Three litters of F1 offspring were produced (n = 46) and all piglets were confirmed to be heterozygous at the SSTR2 locus with one wild type allele and the other possessing either the 1bp deletion (n = 22) or the 3bp (n = 2 4) deletion. No differences (P &gt; 0.43; n=46) in body weight (1.27±0.03 kg) across comparisons were observed at birth. At weaning (n = 36), males (6.19±0.20 kg) were heavier (P = 0.007) than females (5.41±0.19 kg), and piglets possessing a 1bp deletion (6.00±0.20 kg) were numerically heavier (P = 0.14) than 3bp deletion pigs (5.59±0.18 kg). This observation was more pronounced in males at weaning, where the males with the 1bp deletion were 13% heavier (P = 0.058) than those with the 3bp deletion. These data suggest that altering SSTR2 may be a viable genetic advancement strategy to improve growth performance in pigs. This project was supported by the Lloyd L. Anderson Professorship in Physiology at Iowa State University.
Endobronquial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) performance for the determination of Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PDL-1) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Cytological samples obtained from EBUS-TBNA have shown to be suitable to determine PDL-1 expression in NSCLC. Objective: We aim to evaluate the diagnostic performance of EBUS- TBNA in our center to determine PDL-1 expression in NSCLC. Methods: Longitudinal prospective study of NSCLC patients diagnosed between January 2018- October 2019, in which a primary tumor tissue sample and a malignant lymph node cell-block cytological sample obtained by EBUS-TBNA were available. Samples with less than 100 malignant cells were considered inadequate. The antibody PDL-1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx (Agilent, Dako) was used and results presented as percentage of tumor cells expressing PDL-1, setting as cut-off points ≥1% and ≥50%. Results: From a total of 43 patients, 54 pairs of samples were obtained, of which 29 (53.7%) were both adequate and 23 (42.6%) included for PDL-1 expression correlation analysis. In 11 (47.8%) pairs the PDL-1 expression was not coincident. The weighted kappa coefficient for PDL-1 expression was 0.41 (95% CI: 0.15 - 0.68) and 0.56 (95% CI: 0.23-0.9) for values ≥1% and ≥50% respectively. In advanced stages the weighted kappa coefficient was 0.6 (95% CI: 0.3 - 0.9) and 1 (95% CI: 1 - 1) for PDL-1 expression values ≥1% and ≥50% respectively. EBUS-TBNA showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 1 to detect PDL-1 expression ≥50% in advanced stages, with a proportion of patients correctly classified of 100%. Conclusions: EBUS-TBNA cell-block adequate cytological samples are reliable specimens to detect PDL-1 expression ≥50% in patients with advanced NSCLC.
A Systematic Review of Relay-Aided Dual-Hop FSO Device-to-Device Communication Systems Using STLC and STBC Techniques

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This study explores the use of optical relay devices to provide dual-hop communication between two devices using an FSO link without a base station.The central theme of this essay revolves around enhancing the reliability and spectral efficiency of device-todevice (D2D) communication.The primary goal is to establish robust and high-speed connections while minimizing the processing burden on the relay device (RD).The challenge lies in securing a stable connection over extended distances in D2D communication, safeguarding against signal degradation and link disruptions.The study emphasizes the importance of signal processing where RD does not need to estimate channel state information, whether at RD's receiving or sending sides.To realize this objective, the study suggests employing Space-Time Line Code (STLC) for encoding between the first device and the RD and Space-Time Block Code (STBC) for encoding between the RD and the second device.This strategic combination aims to optimize processing within the RD, thus enhancing overall communication performance.Furthermore, the investigation explores the potential implementation of orthogonal and quasi-orthogonal STLC-STBC techniques to mitigate delays and improve power efficiency.This systematic review uncovers several promising avenues for researchers to bridge existing gaps in wireless communication technologies by addressing the challenges related to relay-assisted D2D communication and refining encoding strategies.
Correction effect of phakic posterior chamber implantable contact lens implantation on high myopia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

AIM: To analyze the clinical efficacy of phakic posterior chamber implantable contact lens(ICL)implantation on high myopia patients. METHODS: Thirty-four patients(68 eyes)who checked and diagnosed as high myopia in our hospital from June 2014 to June 2015 were selected as the clinical research subjects, and all the patients were given phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation treatment. The diopter, visual acuity recovery, central anterior chamber depth, corneal endothelial cell count, and intraocular pressure after treatment were observed. RESULTS: The equivalent spherical refraction, central anterior chamber depth, uncorrected visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity recovery at 1, 3 and 6mo, 1 and 2a after treatment were better than those before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in corneal endothelial cell count and intraocular pressure at 1, 3 and 6mo, 1 and 2a after treatment compared with those before treatment(P>0.05). There were no significant differences in uncorrected visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, equivalent spherical refraction and central anterior chamber depth at 1, 3mo and 1 and 2a after treatment(P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The application of phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation for the treatment of high myopia patients can improve the equivalent spherical refraction and central anterior chamber depth, improve uncorrected visual acuity, meanwhile, it has less effect on the patient's intraocular pressure and corneal endometrial cells, the effect maintenance and safety is better which meet their expectations.
Language-general and language-specific influences on Dutch and Japanese infants’ perception of place of articulation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Perceptual asymmetries provide a window into the role of language-general biases and language-specific experiences in early phonetic development. We assessed infant perception of two asymmetries related to coronal place of articulation and documented across the inventories of languages. To disentangle the role of language-general tendencies and experiential factors, we compared early perception of infants learning Dutch (where the input is consistent with language-general tendencies) and Japanese (where this is not the case). First, we document that both Dutch and Japanese infants start out with asymmetric discrimination of labial-coronal consonant contrasts consistent with language-general predictions at 4–6 months of age, but that, consistent with input-based predictions, this pattern declines in Japanese, but not Dutch toddlers by 18 months of age. Second, we show that infants from both language groups develop phonotactic preferences consistent with their input but with different timelines, with French infants developing a labial-coronal preference by 10 months, and Japanese infants a delayed coronal-labial preference by 13 months of age. Together, these results demonstrate that language-specific input characteristics start overriding language-general tendencies, but also suggest that these language-general tendencies continue playing a role in perception. We speculate about sources of these biases on the acoustic, perceptual, and articulatory level.
Tetracarbon metallocarboranes. 1. Iron, nickel, and molybdenum complexes derived from tetramethyltetracarbadodecaborane(12). Crystal structure of (.eta.5-C5H5)Fe(CH3)4C4B7H8

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTetracarbon metallocarboranes. 1. Iron, nickel, and molybdenum complexes derived from tetramethyltetracarbadodecaborane(12). Crystal structure of (.eta.5-C5H5)Fe(CH3)4C4B7H8William M. Maxwell, Robert F. Bryan, and Russell N. GrimesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 12, 4008–4015Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00454a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00454a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Bioinformatics methods for identifying Hirschsprung disease genes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Hirschsprung is a birth defect of Enteric Nervous System (ENS) which is characterized by the absence of enteric neurons along the length of intestine. Hirschsprung is one of the complex diseases which has become a important topic of human genetics. In this article we have focused on RET gene mutation that is most common cause of HSCR disease. Out of seven mutations in RET gene, one mutation S339L is found to be tolerated and have no effect on protein function.
Dominance of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Over Anti-Inflammatory Ones in Placental Bed of Creta Cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective: The objective of the study is to investigate changes occurring in key inflammatory cytokines at molecular level (including genetic and protein) in placental bed of placenta creta compared to that of normal placenta and their correlation to interstitial extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) number. Subjects and Methods: Case–control study including placentas of patients with invasive placentation (creta placentas, n = 19) compared with those of normal placentation ( n = 19). Besides routine histology and immunocytochemistry detection (cytokeratin-7 [CK-7]), addition to biochemical evaluation of expression of various cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL6, IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-13 was carried out. Results: Routine histological examination of placentas of creta cases revealed CK-7 + extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) penetrating deeply the myometrium with various histopathological arrangements and trophoblastic vascular invasion of the deep myometrial blood vessels. A significant increase ( P < 0.05) in the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1 β, and IL6 with an insignificant decrease in placental bed IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-13 was observed in creta cases compared to the control ones. A corresponding significant increase was detected in the protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1 β, and IL-6 as well as an insignificant decrease in placental bed IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-13 in creta cases compared to the normal ones. Moreover, we displayed a significant positive correlation ( P < 0.05) between interstitial EVT number and mRNA expression of almost all pro-inflammatory cytokines with negative but insignificant correlation with anti-inflammatory cytokines in creta cases. Conclusion: The upregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines and the correlation of their expression with the increased interstitial EVT provide a supporting evidence of their potentially more relevant role in the development of placenta creta than the anti-inflammatory ones.
A note on the total depletion method of measuring extinction coefficients of triplet-triplet transitions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA note on the total depletion method of measuring extinction coefficients of triplet-triplet transitionsIan Carmichael and G. L. HugCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 19, 4036–4039Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100265a021https://doi.org/10.1021/j100265a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Synthetic Life with Alternative Nucleic Acids as Genetic Materials

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

DNA, the fundamental genetic polymer of all living organisms on Earth, can be chemically modified to embrace novel functions that do not exist in nature. The key chemical and structural parameters for genetic information storage, heredity, and evolution have been elucidated, and many xenobiotic nucleic acids (XNAs) with non-canonical structures are developed as alternative genetic materials in vitro. However, it is still particularly challenging to replace DNAs with XNAs in living cells. This review outlines some recent studies in which the storage and propagation of genetic information are achieved in vivo by expanding genetic systems with XNAs.
Marinophialophora garethjonesii J. F. Li, Phookamsak, Dayarathne & K. D. Hyde 2018, sp. nov.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Marinophialophora garethjonesii J.F. Li, Phookamsak, Dayarathne & K.D. Hyde, sp. nov. Index Fungorum number: F552734; Facesoffungi number: FOF 02833; Fig. 1, 2 Etymology — Named in honour of the mycologist Professor E.B. Gareth Jones, in recognition of his contribution to the study of marine fungi. Holotype: MFLU 16-2821 Hyphomycetous associated with Halocyphina species on decaying mangrove wood. Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Mycelium partly superficial, partly immersed on the substrate, composed of septate, branched, smooth, thin-walled, hyaline to subhyaline hyphae. Conidiophores 75–135 × 1.1–2 μm (x = 105 × 1.6 μm, n = 20), macronematous, mononematous, arising from hyphae, hyaline to subhyaline, thin-walled, smooth, aseptate, unbranched to branched, straight, cylindrical. Conidiogenous cells 1.7–2.5 × 1.3–1.9 μm (x = 2.1 × 1.7 μm, n = 20), phialidic, integrated, terminal or intercalary, determinate, hyaline to subhyaline, globose to ellipsoidal, smooth, without a conspicuous collarette. Conidia 1.3–1.5 × 1.4–1.7 μm (x = 1.4 × 1.6 μm, n = 20), phialoconidia, hyaline to subhyaline, globose to subglobose, aseptate, borne in basipetally developing unbranched or branched chains, clavate, smooth, thin-walled. Cultural characteristics: — Conidia germinating on PDA within 12 hrs at 25 ºC, germ tubes produced from apex. Colonies growing on PDA reaching 5 mm diam. after 2 weeks at 25 ºC, mycelium semi-immersed to superficial, irregular in shape, flat, slightly raised, with trim edge, slightly rough on surface, hairy to powdery, cottony from above, initially dark brown, becoming black after 2 weeks; from below, always black. Material examined: — THAILAND, Phetchaburi Province, Hat Chao Samran, associated with Halocyphina sp. (Niaceae, Agaricamycetes), on intertidal decaying wood of mangrove stand, 28 August 2015, Monika C. Dayarathne, H-42 (MFLU 16-2821, holotype; HKAS96301, isotype), ex-type living culture, KUMCC 16-0066, MFLUCC 16- 1449.
Bazı tipik boyutsal ölçüm cihazlarının ölçüm belirsizliğini hesaplamak için bilgisayar programı geliştirilmesi

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In dimensional measurements, it is required to specify uncertainty in the measurement as the range of possible deviation for the measurement result. In this thesis, a computer program is developed for evaluating uncertainty inmeasurement of commonly used dimensional measuring devices like vernier callipers, micrometers, comparators, and gauge blocks. In evaluation of the uncertainty in measurement, some uncertainty sourceslike temperature difference between the measured part and the instrument, uncertainty in reference gauge block̕s dimension, mechanical effects, etc. are considered. The program developed, employs the EAL, NIST and GUM uncertainty evaluation equations as standard equations. However, the program can also be used for other measuring instruments and the users can define their own uncertainty equation. In the evaluations, for the standard uncertainty of the variables considered, symmetric distributions are used. The program gives the uncertainty budget and to compare the contribution of each variable on the overall uncertainty of the measurement, the uncertainty effect ratio is also given. In this thesis the evaluation process for uncertainty in measurement, the difference between the measurement error and uncertainty in measurement and the structure of the program are discussed. Also, a set of experiments has been made to illustrate the application of the program for evaluating the measurement uncertainty of vernier callipers with 1/50 and 1/20 resolutions, digital vernier calliper and 25 mm micrometer.
Feasibility of Low-Cost Seed Potato Storage in Kenya: The Case of Diffused Light Storage in Nyandarua County

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An on-farm storage trial was conducted at six sites in Nyandarua County using seed tubers of eight officially recognized Kenyan potato varieties and one commonly grown farmers' variety called Cangi.The seeds were stored under diffuse light store (DLS) conditions in low-cost structures owned by the growers to test the feasibility of prolonged seed storage under on-farm conditions.Three farmers' groups and three individual farmers were used in this study.In general, DLS wooden structures with iron sheet roof or mud-walled with iron sheet roofs were used for storage.Most of the varieties stored satisfactorily for up to 8 months.Kenya Mpya and Kenya Mavuno had higher overall acceptability than Sherekea, Asante, Desiree, Kenya Karibu, Tigoni and Dutch Robjin.Kenya Mpya, Sherekea and Kenya Mavuno had the least shrinkage following 8 months of storage.The unofficial cultivar Cangi which is the most popular in Nyandarua had poor storability but could be planted 2 to 3 months following harvest.Results indicated that DLS could be used by ware potato growers for prolonged seed storage the following season.This way the growers could be assured of good potato harvests due to the use of well sprouted tubers.This is critical in case of seasons with low or less than average rainfall as experienced in recent years.
[Queckenstedt test--pressure pattern analysis in spinal subarachnoidal block].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pressure pattern analysis of Queckenstedt test was performed to detect the partial subarachnoidal block in patients with spinal or dural canal stenosis. The Queckenstedt test was performed by lumbar puncture when the patient was in lateral recumbent posture with bilateral jugular compression in three different neck positions; neutral, flexion and extension. Lumbar subarachnoidal pressure was visually measured each successive 5 seconds during a 30 second period of jugular compression, followed by a succession of 5 second measurements for 30 seconds after release of compression. The pressure changes during the total 60 seconds were demonstrated by pressure-time graph. The pressure pattern during jugular compression in patients with neurosis, neuropathy or muscle disease (total 18 cases, Fig.1) who were thought to have no subarachnoidal block showed sudden steep rise of pressure which gradually slowed and rapidly returned to pre-compression level after release of compression. The normal pattern showed upward convexity-downward concave and was almost identical in three different neck positions. Therefore we considered the normal pressure pattern to be a parabola-like or an exponential curve like patterns. The patients group with cevical spondylotic radiculopathy (16 cases, Fig. 3A) showed nearly normal pressure pattern except for some loss of upward convexity during neck extension and neutral positions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
融合多层语义特征图的缅甸语图像文本识别方法(Burmese Image Text Recognition Method Fused with Multi-layer Semantic Feature Maps)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

“由于缅甸语存在特殊的字符组合结构,在图像文本识别研究方面存在较大的困难,直接利用现有的图像文本识别方法识别缅甸语图片存在字符缺失和复杂背景下识别效果不佳的问题。因此,本文提出一种融合多层语义特征图的缅甸语图像文本识别方法,利用深度卷积网络获得多层图像特征并对其融合获取多层语义信息,缓解缅甸语图像中由于字符嵌套导致特征丢失的问题。另外,在训练阶段采用MIX UP的策略进行网络参数优化,提高模型的泛化能力,降低模型在测试阶段对训练样本产生的依赖。实验结果表明,提出方法相比基线模型准确率提升了2.2%。”