jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Feasible design region and sealing property of hypotrochoidal gerotor geometry

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a method on how to correctly determine the feasible design region without any undercutting on the outer and inner rotor profiles. The non-undercutting equations are derived by the theory of gearing and the feasible design region is determined by considering the non-undercutting curves of the inner and the outer rotors. Numerical examples show that the non-undercutting curves of the inner rotors are above the non-undercutting curves of the outer rotors. So, there is no undercutting on the outer and inner rotors when the parameter is given under the region of the non-undercutting curve of the outer rotor. Besides, the curvature equations of the outer and inner rotors are derived for assessing the sealing property and forecasting the variation of Hertz stress. The sealing property will be an inferior quality in the larger curvature difference region, and the larger variation of Hertz stress would also be predicted.
Comparative Study of Several Machine Learning Algorithms for Classification of Unifloral Honeys

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Unifloral honeys are highly demanded by honey consumers, especially in Europe. To ensure that a honey belongs to a very appreciated botanical class, the classical methodology is palynological analysis to identify and count pollen grains. Highly trained personnel are needed to perform this task, which complicates the characterization of honey botanical origins. Organoleptic assessment of honey by expert personnel helps to confirm such classification. In this study, the ability of different machine learning (ML) algorithms to correctly classify seven types of Spanish honeys of single botanical origins (rosemary, citrus, lavender, sunflower, eucalyptus, heather and forest honeydew) was investigated comparatively. The botanical origin of the samples was ascertained by pollen analysis complemented with organoleptic assessment. Physicochemical parameters such as electrical conductivity, pH, water content, carbohydrates and color of unifloral honeys were used to build the dataset. The following ML algorithms were tested: penalized discriminant analysis (PDA), shrinkage discriminant analysis (SDA), high-dimensional discriminant analysis (HDDA), nearest shrunken centroids (PAM), partial least squares (PLS), C5.0 tree, extremely randomized trees (ET), weighted k-nearest neighbors (KKNN), artificial neural networks (ANN), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM) with linear and radial kernels and extreme gradient boosting trees (XGBoost). The ML models were optimized by repeated 10-fold cross-validation primarily on the basis of log loss or accuracy metrics, and their performance was compared on a test set in order to select the best predicting model. Built models using PDA produced the best results in terms of overall accuracy on the test set. ANN, ET, RF and XGBoost models also provided good results, while SVM proved to be the worst.
Barriers and Facilitators of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Implementation among People Living with HIV in Nigeria: A Scoping Review of the Literature.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Identified barriers include health system, and programmatic-across, and in all the studies, IPT uptake was 3%-61.2%. Cost-effective and locally developed interventions addressing context-specific barriers should be developed to address patient, provider, programmatic, and health systems-specific findings in our study with a clear understanding that there may be other barriers limiting uptake and completion of IPT at the level of community and caregivers.
‘Politics is a difficult and anxious game’: An Assessment of Webb

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Webb returned from India optimistic about what Irish and Indian nationalists could achieve together in Parliament, but his optimism was short-lived. His disputes with Healy led to a loss of confidence and his resignation from Parliament, and over the subsequent years his belief in the ability of Parliament to justly rule the Empire waned as a new theatre of conflict opened in South Africa. Webb remained in contact with his Indian friends, and he remained as vocal as ever in promoting a responsible position in international affairs, but he also sensed that Ireland was changing. The period 189–1908 was one in which many different models were being argued for the future of Ireland; some of these groups professed to be apolitical but, as Webb pointed out, in disavowing politics they were making a political statement themselves.2 F. S. L. Lyons has described W. B. Yeats at the turn of the twentieth century as 'desperately trying to hold a middle position between the anonymity of cosmopolitanism and the parochialism of Irish Ireland'.3 Webb was in a different quandary: he was trying to remain an Irish cosmopolitan, not for the sake of compromise but because he embraced both Irishness and internationalism. New cultural movements presented new challenges to Webb in this era, as he continued to balance Indian lobbying, treasury duties for the Irish Party and his social and international conscience.KeywordsIndian AffairIrish PeopleHome RuleIrish LanguageCatholic ClergyThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
From Universality to AsymptoticsA Revised Drift Convergence Framework inModular Collatz Dynamics

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

## Experimental Disclosure Notice**This work is part of a documented experiment on AI-generated mathematical content.** The mathematical arguments presented were produced by large language models (primarily ChatGPT) with minimal human intervention, as part of a study examining AI capabilities in formal mathematics and the robustness of academic publication processes.The content should be evaluated critically and is not guaranteed to be mathematically sound. For a full methodological discussion and analysis of this experiment, see:M. H. Thaler, *Proofing Collatz with AI: A Retrospective on an Experimental Publication Process* (2025). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17232247**Transparency statement:** The author’s role was primarily that of a mediator, documenting and publishing AI-generated outputs with minimal filtering. This disclosure is made in the interest of scientific transparency and to inform readers about the nature of this work. Recent empirical findings document a modular Collatz class with persistent symbolic neutrality (→) over more than 1000 successive modular refinements (from k = 8 to k = 1024). This contradicts the previously assumed universality of neutral drift collapse and challenges the foundational assumption in several convergence-oriented modular Collatz frameworks. In this paper, we revise the formal convergence strategy to accommodate these exceptions. We propose that such unbounded neutral drift paths exist but are measure-zero, structurally unstable, and do not interfere with the asymptotic dominance of drift-negative inheritance. We define a corrected symbolic convergence model, preserving the drift cone argument while refining the neutrality-collapse hypothesis. This model supports a robust inductive structure for proving convergence in the Collatz dynamics.
Study of Client Reject Policies under Lead-Time and Price Dependent Demand

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Delivery lead-time has become a factor of competitiveness for companies and an important criterion of purchase for the customers today. Thus, in order to increase their profit, companies must not focus only on price but also need to quote the right delivery lead time to their customers. Some authors to find a way in quoting the right delivery lead-time while considering an M/M/1 system. In M/M/1, all customers are accepted. This can lead to longer lead times in the queue. Firms can react by quoting longer lead times in order to cope with this situation. However, this leads to lower demand and revenue. Starting from this observation, we investigate in this paper whether a customer rejection policy can be more beneficial for the firm than an all-customers' acceptance policy. Indeed, our idea is based on the fact that rejecting some customers might help to quote shorter lead time for the accepted customers, which might lead to higher demand and profit. We model this rejection policy based on an M/M/1/K system. We analytically determine the optimal firm's policy (optimal price and quoted lead time) in case of M/M/1/1 system. Then, we compare the optimal firm's profit under M/M/1/1 with the optimal profit obtained by M/M/1. Two situations are considered: a system without holding and penalty costs and a system where these costs are included.
A Deficit of Massive White Dwarfs in Gaia Astrometric Binaries

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The third data release of Gaia introduced a large catalog of astrometric binaries, out of which about 3200 are likely main-sequence stars with a white dwarf (WD) companion. These binaries are typically found with orbital separations of ∼1 au, a separation range that was largely unexplored due to observational challenges. Such systems are likely to have undergone a phase of stable mass transfer while the WD progenitor was on the asymptotic giant branch. Here we study the WD mass distribution of a volume-complete sample of binaries with K/M dwarf primaries and orbital separations of ∼1 au. We find that the number of massive WDs relative to the total number of WDs in these systems is smaller by an order of magnitude compared to their occurrence among single WDs in the field. One possible reason can be an implicit selection of the WD mass range if these are indeed post-stable-mass-transfer systems. Another reason can be the lack of merger products in our sample compared to the field, due to the relatively tight orbital separations of these systems. In addition, we find that about 14% of these systems have distant tertiary companions within 1 pc.
Research Progress and Potential Applications of Bacteriocins in the Food Industry

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Bacteriocins represent a class of secondary metabolites consisting of short peptides with potent bacteriostatic activity and are derived from both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial species. Currently, they are under intense scrutiny in the scientific community. Historically, limited research on bacteriocins, coupled with insufficient understanding of their toxicity signatures and mode of action, has hampered the exploration of antimicrobial resistance. However, recent breakthrough discoveries and validations related to the taxonomic, biosynthetic, and mechanistic foundations of bacteriocins have significantly advanced the development of this field, laying a solid foundation for their development in food preservation, medical, and biological applications. In this comprehensive review, the aim is to present the current status of bacteriocin sources, their different classification schemes, and the complex mechanisms that underpin their biological activity. In addition, this review provides promising avenues for the future application of bacteriocins in the food industry, the medical sector, and the biological sciences, highlighting their potential to revolutionize these fields.
Loss of cell constituents from hepatocytes on centrifugation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In studies of the metabolism of isolated hepatocytes, it is often necessary to measure the concentrations of cell constituents both in cells and medium. When hepatocytes are separated in the special tubes of Hems, Lund & Krebs (1975) (Biochem. J. 150, 47–50), they lose much glucose, urea and Na+, whereas there is no loss of K+, glutamate, aspartate and adenine nucleotides. Cell water is also lost, as measured by the distribution of 3H2O. This loss is mainly due to an exchange of cell water with the aqueous solution in the stems of the tubes through which the cells pass on centrifugation. In general, substances are lost only when the intracellular concentration is equal to, or lower than, the extracellular concentration. Probably solutes are lost because they travel with the water unidirectionally out of the cell. A loss of solute does not occur when the cells are centrifuged in conical tubes with a layer of silicone oil between the cell suspension and the deproteinizing layer. The reasons for the loss occurring in the special separation tubes are discussed.
Preparation and conformational analysis of vancomycin hexapeptide and aglucovancomycin hexapeptide

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The preparations of the hexapeptides (3) and (6) derived from the antibiotic vancomycin (1), are described. The conformation of the N-terminal regions of (3) and (6) are discussed and compared to previous observations made on vancomycin. The hexapeptides lack any significant binding capability relative to vancomycin, and the reasons for this are discussed.
The Initial Use of Drugs in a Sample of Pre-teenage Schoolchildren: the role of choice, pressure and influence

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The traditional assumption that young people are introduced to illegal drugs as a result of peer pressure has been increasingly challenged in recent years with a number of authors arguing that peer selection and individual choice are more important influences. The present paper seeks to further our understanding of this issue by examining the accounts which a sample of pre-teenage children gave of their initial use of drugs. While peer pressure, a desire to conform to the group, and other attempts to influence them were found to be involved in a proportion of the cases, the dominant factors in initial use were personal choice and curiosity. It was also clear that curiosity, external influences and a desire to conform were not mutually exclusive and would often interact as part of a complex dynamic. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of the findings for drugs education.
Investigation of High-Growth Firms in the SME sector via the Perspective of Owners and CEOs using Wordclouds

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

High growth firms are of special interest among SMEs due to their outstanding value added to economic growth and potential to be resilient towards turbulence generated by globalised market factors. In this study we discuss the information extracted out of textual data collected from owners and CEOs of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with high growth rates in Hungary during face-to-face workshops. In order to condense the high variety of given answers to various predefined questions the method of Word Cloud analysis was used to represent the focuses and opinions of the interviewees. Such a usage of the method of Word Cloud visualisation of textual data at this time is still rather uncommon for questionnaire analyses, however it entails a high potential for understanding the point of view of the interviewees beside conventional data gathering techniques.
For Love of Country

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract In scholarly literature and common language, patriotism is often conflated with nationalism, which is associated with an exclusive, intolerant, and irrational attachment to one's nation. As the history of Fascism and Nazism shows, patriotism understood as nationalism can have disastrous consequences. Nevertheless, this book argues that the language of patriotism must be distinguished from that of nationalism. While nationalism values the cultural, religious, and ethnic unity of a people, patriotism is the love of a people's common liberty, which gives us the strength to resist oppression by the selfish ambitions of particular individuals. In addition, patriotism is a rational love, since civic virtue is instrumental to the preservation of law and order, which is the prerequisite of our liberty. The question we must address is how to make our particular love of one's own country compatible with the universal principles of liberty and justice. Through a historical interpretation of patriotism from classical antiquity to contemporary debates, Viroli explores the possibility of patriotism without nationalism; i.e. one that emphasizes political unity based on the republican commitment to the common good, rather than cultural, religious, or ethnic homogeneity.
Measurement Technology of Temperature under Special Conditions

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Special temperature sensor must be developed in order to meet the need of specific environment including highly erodent,heat melt,vacuum and carburizing etc.the characteristic.Capability and usage of temperature sensor of tungsten-rhenium thermocouple were expounded.The present hotspots of temperature measurement flied were discussed emphatically including consecutive temperature measurement of car-burizing furnace,aluminum and copper melt,vacuum brazing furnace,vacuum powder metallurgy furnace and temperature calibration on line.Practice proved that the especial temperature sensor developed for the need of specific environments not only can achieve the international level but also win its place in the international market.
Inhomogeneously broadened optical gain spectra of InGaN quantum well laser diodes

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Optical gain of InGaN quantum well laser diodes and its internal field dependences are investigated. Gain spectra are experimentally measured by the Hakki‐Paoli method. Inhomogeneous broadening of the gain spectra as well as of the electroluminescence spectra increases with In content of the active layers due to potential fluctuation. From measured carrier decay times and current density, we estimated the carrier density for which modal gain overcomes internal loss. We present gain calculation including quantum confined Stark effect, Coulomb screening and valence band structure simultaneously. Calculated and measured carrier densities are in good agreement. In InGaN quantum well laser diodes working at 470 nm, the quantum confined Stark effect reduces the optical transition probability down to 30% of its value without internal field. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effect of Work–Family Conflict, Psychological Job Demand, and Job Control on the Health Status of Nurses

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Work–family conflicts (WFCs) are common in the healthcare sector and pose significant health risks to healthcare workers. This study examined the effect of WFCs on the health status and nurses’ leaving intentions in Taiwan. A self-administered questionnaire was used to survey 200 female nurses’ experiences of WFC from a regional hospital. Data on psychosocial work conditions, including work shifts, job control, psychological job demands, and workplace justice, were collected. Health conditions were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-II and self-rated health. Leaving intentions were measured using a self-developed questionnaire. The participants’ average work experience was 6.79 (Standard Deviation (SD) = 5.26) years, their highest educational level was university, and work shifts were mostly night and rotating shifts. Approximately 75.5% of nurses perceived high levels of WFCs. Leaving intentions were correlated with WFCs (r = 0.350, p < 0.01) and psychological work demands (r = 0.377, p < 0.01). After adjusting for age, educational level, and work characteristics, high levels of WFCs were associated with poor self-rated health, and depression, but not associated with high leaving intentions. Nurses’ experiences of high levels of WFCs greatly affected their health status.
A novel semi-supervised feature extraction algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Supervised feature extraction algorithms usually require lots of labeled samples to achieve good performance. However, labeling the samples is often time-consuming and even impractical. Therefore, in this paper, a semi-supervised manifold local Fisher discriminant analysis (SMLFDA) is proposed to take advantage of unlabeled samples as well as labeled samples. The proposed algorithm utilizes local scatter matrix and manifold structure to extract the information from labeled and unlabeled samples, respectively, which significantly improves the accuracy of successive classification application when labeled samples are insufficient. In addition, an exponential form weighting coefficient is proposed to further improve the classification performance. Experiments of hyperspectral classification demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed semi-supervised feature extraction algorithm.
New genera of meliturguline bees from Saudi Arabia and Persia, with notes on related genera and a key to the Arabian fauna (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A new genus of melitturgine bees (Panurginae: Melitturgini) is described and figured from central Saudi Arabia. Belliturgulanajdica Engel, gen. et sp. n. , is similar in several respects to the genus Flavomeliturgula Patiny in that both have a greatly elongate glossa that is longer than the face and is truncate apically. The former differs in the greatly elongate and flattened first labial palpomere, the remaining palpomeres unmodified, the greatly protuberant clypeus, and long labrum lacking dense setal patches, among other traits. In addition, remarks are made on the composition of Flavomeliturgula , with Meliturguladeserta Warncke (Iran, Pakistan), removed to Khuzimelissa Engel, gen. n. , resulting in the new combination Khuzimelissadeserta (Warncke), comb. n. Khuzimelissa differs from Flavomeliturgula by the unmodified labial palpomeres (lacking the elongate first three labial palpomeres of the latter genus), the acute glossa (broadly truncate in the latter), glossa shorter than head length (greater than head length in the latter), the abundant, white, squamiform setae of the mesoscutum (sparse, erect setae in the latter), cleft pretarsal claws (simple in the latter), presence of metasomal setal bands (lacking in the latter), and apically emarginate pygidial plate (acutely rounded in the latter). The species of Flavomeliturgula are organized into three subgenera, including Koreshomelissa Engel, subgen. n. , and Freyamelissa Engel, subgen. n. , and these may eventually warrant generic status once phylogenetic work on the tribe has been completed. A key to the Arabian genera of Panurginae is provided, along with an augmented key to the genera of subtribe Meliturgulina.
Anchialina grossa Hansen 1910

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

20. Anchialina grossa Hansen, 1910 Anchialina frontalis Zimmer, 1915 Indonesia records: South coast of Kangean Island (Bali Sea), Sailus Kecil and Sailus Besar Islands, Tampaang, Sarasang Island, between Bahuluang and Tambolongan, Selayar Islands (Flores Sea), Makassar strait, Siau Island, Laiwui, Obi Island (Maluku Sea) and Daram Island (Seram Sea) (Hansen 1910). Depth range: Closing vertical net, from 49 m to the sea surface and also plankton net from 8 to 36 m (Hansen 1910). Global distribution: This species is distributed in Micronesia (Hansen 1912), Bay of Bengal (Zimmer 1915), India (W.M. Tattersall 1922), Indian Ocean (Pillai 1965), Australia (W.M. Tattersall 1936; Lowry & Stoddart 2003), Philippines (W.M. Tattersall 1951), Singapore (O.S. Tattersall 1960), Japan (Ii 1964), North Pacific Ocean (Ii 1964), South China Sea (Wang & Liu 1987; Liu & Wang 2000) and Palau Islands (Hanamura & De Grave 2004).