jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Multidisciplinar Team on Assistive Technology for University Students

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

University is in general a challenging phase for a student. During University students usually must face with new study methods, subjects, tools and technologies, and supporting them requires specific and advanced skills. But for students with disabilities there is also a number of additional problems that can make University even more difficult. In Italy, thanks to the Law 17/1999, each University is organized with a center supporting student with disabilities, providing logistic support, tutoring and technical aids. Unfortunately, this center is typically not organized to help the student identifying the most appropriate technical aids in order to face University Studies. To this aim a multidisciplinary team would be required involving not only experts from the University but also experts on assistive technology from the technical, social and sanitary point of view. The proposed project was exactly conceived in order to create such a multidisciplinary collaborative framework for the students of Pisa University. The three main actors are the Unit of Services for the Integration of students with Disabilities (USID) of the University of Pisa, the Laboratory for Aids, Communication, Learning and Autonomy (LAPCA) of Azienda USL 5 Pisa and the Department of Information Engineering (DII) of the University of Pisa, structures with complementary competencies respectively in the logistical support to disabled students, in the healthcare and in electronic engineering and computer science. Thanks to this project a multidisciplinary team has been established, with the aim of taking care of the needs of technical aids for student of Pisa University. Several students have been enrolled in this project not only identifying the most appropriate technical aid for the given student needs but also customizing and developing new technologies when required. A couple of case examples will be presented.
Study on the corrosion inhibition performance of imidazoline composite inhibitor

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Imidazoline quaternary‐ammonium‐salt corrosion inhibitor and thioureido‐imidazoline quaternary‐ammonium‐salt compound corrosion inhibitor were synthesized using oleic acid, diethylenetriamine, benzyl chloride, and thiourea as the raw materials. The resulting samples were characterized by static weight‐loss method, electrochemical polarization curve, X‐ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The electrochemical characteristics of the inhibitors' inhibition towards carbon dioxide corrosion were investigated, the major constituents of the protective film formed on the surface of A3 carbon steel by thioureido‐imidazoline compound corrosion inhibitor were analyzed, and the corrosion inhibiting mechanism for thioureido‐imidazoline in hypersaline was explored. The results indicated that thioureido‐imidazoline compound corrosion inhibitor had better corrosion inhibiting effect than imidazoline and can efficiently inhibit the corrosion of A3 carbon steel by CO 2 ‐saturated hypersaline water.
Using the theory of combinations at the modeling of land plots exchange in agricultural land masses

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The problem of land reallotment modeling in agricultural land masses aiming at land consolidation is scrutinized in the article. The topicality of the research is predefined by the need for the optimization of the structure of land tenure within an agricultural land mass, the implementation of measures on land consolidation. The research is aimed at the substantiation of the theory of combinations aiming at the improvement of the exchange of land plots, i.e. the choosing of alternative land plots within an agricultural land mass. The calculations are based on choosing the land plots to be exchanged to provide the optimal for agricultural activities spatial characteristics of land plots. The calculation of the variants of the formation of the consolidated land tenure by a land owner who has the right to own the prevailing share of a typical agricultural land mass has been suggested. The results of the research can be used at the realization of complex and individual land consolidation projects; at the optimization of land tenure by the sublease of land plots; as a material for the substantiation of the decision making on the land tenure optimization by territorial communities; in the following research on spatial land tenure and land ownership spatial improvement.
Additional file 4: of Identification of Sertoli cell-specific transcripts in the mouse testis and the role of FSH and androgen in the control of Sertoli cell activity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

â Transcripts significantly altered by busulfan and/or busulfan + DTX.â List of transcripts significantly altered in the RNAseq data following treatment with busulfan or busulfan + DTX. (XLSX 960 kb)
Corneal Hydrops

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute corneal hydrops describes an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the corneal stroma caused by the acute disruption of Descemet's membrane in the background of corneal ectasia. Although majority of the cases are associated with keratoconus, it has also been seen with pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD), keratoglobus, Terrien's marginal degeneration (TMD), laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)-associated keratectasia, keratectasia after radial keratotomy (RK) deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) and penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). Pneumatic descemetopexy using sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) was performed and a bandage contact lens (BCL) was placed on the cornea at the end of the procedure to provide temporary symptomatic relief. The hydrops healed with a macular corneal opacity and the patient was asked to continue the use of RGP and follow-up regularly.
Evaluation of the impact of PEPOI “ Nutrition education program for the prevention of childhood obesity “ in Mexican children

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The study objective was to evaluate the impact of a nutrition education program in the prevention and treatment of obesity in children at a school setting Method: Two elementary schools from Querétaro city participated in a 6 month educational intervention program for children and parents including promotion of healthy food habits and physical activity . Basal and final evaluations included weight, height, body mass index (BMI) classified according to Cole and Dietz,2000, the Serra,2003 food habit (FHQ) and physical activity (PAQ) questionnaires. The FHQ classified food habit scores into a low medium and high scale. PAQ measured hrs/week of physical activity and hours/day of inactivity and translated it into three scales : good, regular and bad. Results . Basal and final BMI from 927 children reported 19.1% vs 17.6% obesity, 21.3% vs 20.9% overweight, 57.8 vs 60% normal, and 1.8 vs 1.5% low body weight (p<0.001). A good PA level increased from 5.1 to 10.4% and a bad level of PA decreased from 59.6 to 45.3% (p<0.01). Food habits improved in the scales of medium (52 to 57%) and high (16.2 to 16.6%) and decreased in the low category (31 to 27%)(p<0.001). Food habits significantly changed at p<0.05: including a second fruit and vegetable/day, eating breakfast, decreased energy dense snacks, sweetened beverages and fast food. The PEPOI was successful on changing BMI, specific food habits and physical activity.
The Urgency of Limiting Procedural Democracy for Handling Pandemic in Indonesia [Urgensi Limitasi Demokrasi Prosedural Bagi Penanganan Pandemi di Indonesia]

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

It is undeniable that the handling of the pandemic in almost all countries in the world has been framed by Joseph Alois Schumpeter’s conception of procedural democracy, which focuses on procedural elements in the formulation of the common good. One of the reason is because the majority of countries in the world choose to handle the pandemic in a monocentricprocedural method, thus ignoring society participation and initiatives. In fact, it is the society who, in many situations, have an idea of handling the pandemic more practically. Therefore, taking the practice of handling the pandemic in Indonesia as an example, this paper is here to dissect the implementation of the procedural democratic conception in the field. Through a qualitative literature study and guided by the research question: “how is the practice of limiting procedural democracy in handling the pandemic in Indonesia?”, this paper then comes to the following conclusions. First, it is true that procedural democracy has become a crucial framework for the country in dealing with the pandemic. Second, however, procedural democracy also has the potential to produce a negative impact on the relationship between demos and kratos. Third, therefore, the limitations on procedural democracy are urgently needed.AbstrakTidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa penanganan pandemi di hampir seluruh negara di dunia banyak dikerangkai oleh konsepsi demokrasi prosedural Joseph Alois Schumpeter, yang menitik beratkan substansinya pada unsur-unsur prosedural dalam perumusan common good. Adapun situasi ini terjadi, salahsatunya karena mayoritas negara di dunia memilih untuk menangani pandemi secara monosentris-prosedural sehingga mengabaikan partisipasi dan inisiatif masyarakat. Padahal, masyarakatlah yang, dalam banyak situasi, memiliki gambaran tentang penanganan pandemi secara lebih praktikal. Oleh karenanya, mengambil praktik penanganan pandemi di Indonesia sebagai contoh, tulisan ini hadir untuk membedah penyelenggaraan konsepsi demokrasi prosedural tersebut di lapangan. Melalui studi pustaka kualitatif dan dipandu oleh pertanyaan penelitian: “bagaimana praktik limitasi demokrasi prosedural dalam penanganan pandemi di Indonesia?”, tulisan ini lantas sampai pada beberapa kesimpulan sebagai berikut. Pertama, benar bahwa demokrasi prosedural telah menjadi kerangka krusial bagi negara dalam menangani pandemi. Kedua, meski demikian, demokrasi prosedural juga berpotensi memproduksi dampak negatif bagi relasi antara demos dan kratos. Ketiga, oleh karenanya, limitasi atas demokrasi prosedural jadi mendesak untuk diselenggarakan.
Quantitative Investigation of the Lawfulness of Simultaneous Brightness Contrast

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

PREFACE Seventy-five years ago Carl Hess and Hugo Pretori published their classical experiment on simultaneous brightness con t ra s t .3 ince then there have been many experiments on the subject, but perhaps none has been as complete as theirs. Their experiments still shape some conceptualizations of simultaneous contrast and continue to be cited in the literature. In fact, over the past 15 yr. the citation of Hess and Pretori has nearly become a sine qmz non of the simultaneous contrast literature. In view of this it seemed that a rendering of Hess and Pretori into English was long overdue. Some psychologists tend to consign anything that is 75 yr. old to the domain of the historian. But Hess and Pretori's work differs little from today's investigations of simultaneous contrast. It is true that the modern investigator seems to prefer the dichoptic method of viewing, where the two fields are projected to non-corresponding retinal tissue in the contra-lateral eyes. This preference removes the possibility of intra-retinal interactions among the inputs. Nevertheless, given the width of the surround fields and the large separation that Hess and Pretori maintained between their two infields, it may be that they avoided significant intra-retinal interactions with their monocular method. Whether that is the case has yet to be established empirically. Hess and Pretori were continuously aware of numerous methodological and procedural difficulties in investigating simultaneous contrast effects. Their comments about the possibility of small extraneous bands between focal and sur-
Effect of Silver Nanoparticle-Added Pit and Fissure Sealant in the Prevention of Dental Caries in Children

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of pit and fissure sealant mixed with silver nanoparticles on dental caries, by means of monthly measurement of fluorescence with DIAGNOdent over six months. Study Design: This study was divided in two phases: experimental and clinical. In the experimental phase, the adhesion and microleakage of the pit and fissure sealant experiment were evaluated. Two groups of 10 teeth, without serious carious lesions, were included. Conventional (group A) and silver nanoparticles (group B) were added to the pit and fissure sealant. For the clinical phase, a split-mouth study was performed on 40 children aged 6-10 years old with healthy, erupted permanent first molars. A conventional pit and fissure sealant or a silver nanoparticle-mixed sealant was randomly placed. Repeated measures analysis was performed. Results: Conventional sealant presented an average microleakage of 30.6%, and the silver nanoparticle-mixed sealant showed 33.6% (P=NS). A three times greater reduction in fluorescence was found in the silver nanoparticles group compared to the conventional group (P&lt;0.05). No sex- or age-based associations were found. Conclusions: The silver nanoparticle-mixed sealant reduced tooth demineralization significantly and likely increased remineralization, compared to the conventional sealant.
Acoustic Characteristics of Aerodynamic Pantograph Noise Generated from Shinkansen Train

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Aerodynamic noise generated from a pantographs of Shinkansen trains is one of the major noise sources when they run at high speed. From the viewpoint of environmental conservation, it is important to estimate its sound pressure level. Recent Shinkansen trains are equipped with noise insulating panels on both sides of the pantograph to reduce the noise propagating to the wayside and its noise reduction effect highly depends on the lateral prospects from the pantograph to the measurement point. In the present study, aerodynamic noise generated from a pantograph with noise insulating panels was measured at the different elevation angle by the wind tunnel test. The result was validated using that of a field test in which aerodynamic noise was measured at positions by the side of or obliquely below the pantograph. Furthermore, the characteristics of the noise generated from the components of the pantograph at different heights were investigated at elevation angles ranging from 0 deg. to 30 deg..
Chivalric fiction and the history of the novel

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Caroline Jewers contests the widespread notion among critics that the noveloriginated after Don Quixote, and she argues for the reinstatement of the medieval romance into the current histories of the genre. She maintains that Cervantes cleverly manipulated existing conventions rather than merely reversing them, and that the roots of the novel are instead to be found in earlier romances beginning with those of Chretien de Troyes.
The experimental investigation of the circulation of the bilirubin in the intestinal canal

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dr. Sakakibara has positively proved by the streams-examination of the van den Bergh and Lepehne's hypothesis, that the bilirubin which shows only the so called van den Bergh's indirect reaction is primarily produced in the all reticuloendothelial system, and that, by the function of the hepatic cells, it is converted into the bilirubin which shows indirect and direct reaction, and that is excreted into the bile duct.But the consequence of the Bergh's reaction of the bilirubin in the intestines does not seem to have been determined. Regarding this problem, I have performed several experiments and reached the following results.The bilirubin-Index, the direct reaction of the Bergh's reaction in the intestines is not influenced by the pancreas juice, ferments, bakteria and white blood corpscles; While the bilirubin is taken up by the small intestinal wall, it is influenced by the vital force of the epithelial cells, and then only the indirect bilirubin is absorved into the lymph and blood vessels, so the epithelial cells of the small intestine give a very important influence to the bilirubin-Index in the small intestince.
Cost-Effective Strategies for Regional Road Network Management: The Role of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Materials and Urban Factors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Purpose: Our article addresses road‑cost management at the regional level—an area less studied than local roads or highways. The study aims to identify critical, long‑term urban factors that lead to higher regional road‑management costs and to propose a financially sustainable strategy for road‑network reconstruction using various reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) materials.Methodology: Using stepwise and enter regression analyses with data on road quality and maintenance costs in Czechia, the study considers factors such as elevation, slope, and changes in population and population density.Findings: The results highlight that slope and road class—both of which are linked to the disconnectedness of the road network—increase road‑maintenance costs. Thus, network renewals implemented in compact sets of roads can significantly reduce costs. By contrast, population and population density have only a minimal impact on long‑term costs.Practical Implications: We define scenarios to reduce costs through RAP materials and determine potential savings, using regional roads in Czechia as an example. The scenarios indicate potential savings of nearly €27 million per region when RAP is employed. In practice, using RAP materials can enable infrastructure managers to renew more than one‑third of roads each year compared with conventional mixes, or to increase the frequency of restoring lower‑quality road sections from every three years to every 2.25 years.Value: The article offers new insights into the factors that determine regional road‑level costs. It demonstrates that using RAP materials in regional road management can positively affect the frequency of road revitalisation.
Stereoselective thioglycoside syntheses. Part 6. Aryl 4-thiomalto-oligosaccharides as chromogenic substrates for kinetic studies with α-amylase

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Nucleophitic bimolecular substitution, of either o- or p-nitrophenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-benzoyl-4-O-trifluoro-methylsulphonyl-α-D-galactopyranoside (1) or (2) with the sodium salt of 1-thio-α-D-glucopyranose in hexamethylphosphoramide afforded, after the usual deprotection sequences, o- and p-nitrophenyl 4-thio-α-maltosides (7) and (8). A similar synthetic scheme with (1) and the 1-α-thiolate of 4-thiomaltose (12) led to o-nitrophenyl 4,4′-dithio-α-maltotrioside (15). These 4-thio-oligosaccharides and their corresponding oxygen analogues were used, in comparative assays, as chromogenic substrates with porcine and human pancreatic α-amylases. In both series, enzymic velocity was higher for the maltotrioside derivatives than for the maltodisaccharides. o-Nitrophenyl glycosides behave as better substrates than the corresponding para isomers. Replacement of intersaccharide oxygen atoms by sulphur increased slightly the Michaelis constant, but had a negative effect on the hydrolysis rate. As a consequence, 4-thiomaltosylpligosaccharides were less sensitive substrates for pig pancreatic α-amylase as compared with their O-glycosyl counterparts. However, as the former class of compounds is split exclusively at the chromogenic site, they appear to be substrates of interest for direct kinetic studies with α-amylases.
Peak Distortion Effects in Analytical Ion Chromatography

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The elution profile of chromatographic peaks provides fundamental understanding of the processes that occur in the mobile phase and the stationary phase. Major advances have been made in the column chemistry and suppressor technology in ion chromatography (IC) to handle a variety of sample matrices and ions. However, if the samples contain high concentrations of matrix ions, the overloaded peak elution profile is distorted. Consequently, the trace peaks shift their positions in the chromatogram in a manner that depends on the peak shape of the overloading analyte. In this work, the peak shapes in IC are examined from a fundamental perspective. Three commercial IC columns AS16, AS18, and AS23 were studied with borate, hydroxide and carbonate as suppressible eluents. Monovalent ions (chloride, bromide, and nitrate) are used as model analytes under analytical (0.1 mM) to overload conditions (10-500 mM). Both peak fronting and tailing are observed. On the basis of competitive Langmuir isotherms, if the eluent anion is more strongly retained than the analyte ion on an ion exchanger, the analyte peak is fronting. If the eluent is more weakly retained on the stationary phase, the analyte peak always tails under overload conditions regardless of the stationary phase capacity. If the charge of the analyte and eluent anions are different (e.g., Br(-) vs CO3(2-)), the analyte peak shapes depend on the eluent concentration in a more complex pattern. It was shown that there are interesting similarities with peak distortions due to strongly retained mobile phase components in other modes of liquid chromatography.
The Limits of Ancient Biography

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Brian McGing (Trinity College, Dublin and Judith Mossman (University of Nottingham), Introduction Andrew D. H. Mayes (Trinity College, Dublin), Biography in the Ancient World: the Story of the Rise of David Elizabeth Irwin (Columbia University), The Biographies of Poets: the Case of Solon Richard A. Burridge (King's College, London), Reading the Gospels as Biography: Mark Edwards (Christ Church, Oxford), Gospel and Genre: Some Reservations Sean Freyne (Trinity College, Dublin), Mark's Gospel and Ancient Biography Justin Taylor (+cole biblique et archUologue fran
Development of international organizations in the context of evolution of global political system

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article analyses general regularities of development of international organizations. Dynamics of international organizations is described with the equation of biological populations’ growth and is related to the evolution of international multilateral law and world development parameters. As the result of the research, the evolution of global political system is represented with the system of international governance based on the multilateral mechanisms and the model of social structures’ types. The transformations in the system of international organizations partially confirm the hypothesis of emerging World-organism.