jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of the Bacillus subtilis sigma 28 factor

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

RNA polymerase preparations isolated from vegetatively growing Bacillus subtilis cells contain the core subunits beta, beta', and alpha, together with multiple sigma factors and other core-associated polypeptides such as delta, omega 1, and omega 2. We have developed an improved, large-scale purification procedure that yields RNA polymerase fractions enriched in both the sigma 28 and delta proteins. These fractions have been used to isolate sigma 28 protein for biochemical characterization and for preparation of highly specific anti-sigma 28 antisera. The amino acid composition of purified sigma 28 protein and the amino acid sequences of tryptic peptide fragments have been determined. Anti-sigma 28 antisera specifically inhibit transcription by the purified sigma 28 -dependent RNA polymerase, yet do not affect transcription by sigma 43 -dependent RNA polymerase. Immunochemical analysis confirms that the sigma 28 protein copurifies with total RNA polymerase activity through the majority of the purification procedure and allows the steps when sigma 28 protein is lost to be identified and optimized. Immunochemical techniques have also been used to monitor the structure and abundance of the sigma 28 protein in vivo. A single form of antibody-reactive protein was detected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-isoelectric focusing. Its abundance corresponds to a maximal content of 220 molecules of sigma 28 per B. subtilis cell during late-logarithmic-phase growth.
Introduction: The Dangers of a Metaphor—Beyond the Battlefield in the Sex Wars

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The eleven essays in this special issue reconsider and explore the "sex wars" that emerged in 1982 with The Scholar and the Feminist IX: Towards a Politics of Sexuality, widely known as the Barnard Conference on Sexuality, and have engaged and divided feminist scholars and activists ever since. One of the most gratifying elements of editing this special issue was to see the ways in which feminist scholars are pushing in directions that don't simply (obsessively) reinscribe these splits and divisions. Rather, the essays in this issue bring into fine relief both the resonance of the subject and the excitement of seeing how questions of sexuality, of desire, of violence, of identity are being thought in altered and innovative ways. Not only are a wide range of disciplinary and interdisciplinary locations represented here, but the eclectic archive of sources and methodologies makes for an exceedingly robust commitment to feminist interdisciplinarity.
EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT PROTOCOLS FOR Campylobacter jejuni ISOLATION FROM POULTRY MEAT

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Campylobacter jejuni is the main cause of acute bacterial gastroenteritis, and poultry meat is an important agent vehicle. However, the conventional methods for Campylobacter isolation are often not effective and may lead to erroneous results. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate different methods to C. jejuni detection in poultry products. Ground chicken experimentally contaminated with three different dilutions of the microorganism was analyzed with different protocols to C. jejuni isolation: Seeding directly in agars mCCDA, Columbia and blood agar, and after pre-enrichment in Bolton or Brucella broth. The Campylobacter characteristic colonies were identified and compared in order to assess which method was the most effective. The only protocols in which it was possible to recover the microorganism from all the tests were those using the mCCDA agar associated with the Bolton broth or the Brucella broth. These were also the only protocols that allowed the recovery of C. jejuni 24 hours after the experimental contamination with inoculum equal to 100 CFU/25 g. However, the mCCDA agar without the use of pre-enrichment presented an unsatisfactory performance, lower than the other protocols. It is concluded that mCCDA agar with Brucella broth or with Bolton broth pre-enrichment was more efficient for the C. jejuni isolation than the other protocols.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of REST and stress resistance in ageing and Alzheimer's disease.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Human neurons are functional over an entire lifetime, yet the mechanisms that preserve function and protect against neurodegeneration during ageing are unknown. Here we show that induction of the repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor (REST; also known as neuron-restrictive silencer factor, NRSF) is a universal feature of normal ageing in human cortical and hippocampal neurons. REST is lost, however, in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Chromatin immunoprecipitation with deep sequencing and expression analysis show that REST represses genes that promote cell death and Alzheimer's disease pathology, and induces the expression of stress response genes. Moreover, REST potently protects neurons from oxidative stress and amyloid β-protein toxicity, and conditional deletion of REST in the mouse brain leads to age-related neurodegeneration. A functional orthologue of REST, Caenorhabditis elegans SPR-4, also protects against oxidative stress and amyloid β-protein toxicity. During normal ageing, REST is induced in part by cell non-autonomous Wnt signalling. However, in Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies, REST is lost from the nucleus and appears in autophagosomes together with pathological misfolded proteins. Finally, REST levels during ageing are closely correlated with cognitive preservation and longevity. Thus, the activation state of REST may distinguish neuroprotection from neurodegeneration in the ageing brain. PMID: 24670762 Funding information This work was supported by: NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 AG015819 NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 AG026651 NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P30AG10161 NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: DP1 OD006849 NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P30 AG010161 NIGMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01GM072551 NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01AG17917 NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 AG017917 NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P01AG27916 NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: DP1 AG044161 NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01AG15819 NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P01 AG027916 NIGMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 GM072551 NIGMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 GM105853 NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: T32 AG000222 NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01AG26651 NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: DP1OD006849 More Less keyboard_arrow_down
Laser direct writing of biocompatible hydrogels using a blister assisted approach with thick polyimide layers (Conference Presentation)

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Laser Direct Write techniques for printing applications of living material is currently a hot topic in different biomedical and engineering fields like tissue engineering, drug delivery, biosensing, etc. specialized groups in the field have been done to find and control the ideal conditions of printability, in order to maintaining unchanged the properties of the biological transferred material. In this work we present a comprehensive study of the printability map of two of the most used biocompatible hydrogels, Sodium Alginate and Methylcellulose. We discuss the effect of hydrogel density, laser parameters influence, etc. using a blister assisted laser writing technique. In our approach we use a thick polyamide layer for blister generation, this presents huge advantages to limit the direct laser irradiation of the living material to be transferred. In addition the physics of blister dynamics and droplet-jet formation is discussed by means of a combined study using numerical modeling of the process fluid dynamics and high speed imaging of the transfer. Finally a particular example of advantages of the approach from the biological point of view is discussed presenting a cell viability study of Jurkat cell printing in the conditions discussed in the study
Case Report: Hypercapnia's Hidden Dance: Myoclonus in a Patient with CO2 Retention

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Myoclonic jerking is a neurologic phenomenon characterized by sudden, involuntary muscle contractions. While often associated with neurological conditions, myoclonic jerking can also be observed in patients with significant carbon dioxide retention. This case report highlights the presentation of myoclonic jerking in a 77-year-old male with a history of sleep apnea and obesity, who presented to the emergency department with hypoxia and elevated carbon dioxide levels. Despite the lack of neurological deficits, the patient experienced intermittent myoclonic jerks of his hands, which were attributed to CO2 retention. The report underscores the importance of recognizing myoclonic jerking as a potential sign of hypercapnia in patients with chronic respiratory conditions.
Analisis Strategi Branding Dalam Pemasaran Digital Maire Homewear Untuk Meningkatkan Brand Awareness

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to analyze the branding strategy in digital marketing carried out by Maire Homewear through Instagram and Shopee platforms in an effort to increase brand awareness. Maire Homewear is a Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) engaged in the fashion sector with a flagship product in the form of patchwork daster. The focus of this study includes the branding strategy implemented, the obstacles encountered in its implementation, and the effectiveness of the strategy in building brand awareness among consumers. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Informants in this study consisted of the owner of Maire Homewear, two resellers, and two consumers. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman model which includes the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that Maire Homewear's branding strategy is still stronger in the offline realm, such as through the reseller system and participation in various exhibitions. Meanwhile, the utilization of digital marketing through Instagram and Shopee is considered less than optimal. Content shared on Instagram is still inconsistent, and interactive features such as live shopping on Shopee have not been maximized. This results in Maire Homewear's brand awareness remaining relatively low among the general public, although it has begun to build among loyal customers, both those who purchase directly from Maire and through its reseller network. This study recommends that Maire Homewear increase the consistency and variety of its digital content on Instagram, including customer testimonials, production processes, and educational content about its products. Furthermore, utilizing the live shopping feature on Shopee is expected to be a more interactive and effective promotional tool for building relationships with consumers and expanding market reach.
Determination of corona, LTE, and NLTE regimes of optically thin carbon plasmas

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this work is accomplished the determination of the corona, local and non-local thermodynamic equilibrium regimes for optically thin carbon plasmas in steady state, in terms of the plasma density and temperature using the ABAKO code. The determination is made through the analysis of the plasma average ionization and ion and level populations. The results are compared whit those obtained applying Griem's criterion. Finally, it is made a brief analysis of the effects of the calculation of level populations assuming different plasma regimes in radiative properties, such as emissivities and opacities.
Insurance policy value and Pareto-optimal retention in the hypothesis of rare loss events

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In the hypothesis of rare loss events, the general expression of the policy value has been determined as a functional of the "expected frequency / loss severity" function and of the retention function. Exponential disutility has been chosen after mathematical characterization of some of its economical aspects, where functional properties of quasiarithmetic averages have been used. By means of variational techniques, in the case of a risk neutral Insurer the Pareto-optimal retention function has been finally determined.
Granular Parakeratosis of Eccrine Ostia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Granular parakeratosis is a recently recognized disorder of keratinization that is usually confined to intertriginous areas. The histopathologic features are distinctive and diagnostic. Rarely, histopathologic variants such as follicular granular parakeratosis and granular parakeratosis of eccrine ostia have been described. In this report, we describe a rare case of granular parakeratosis mostly confined to eccrine ostia.
Occurrence and fate of selected organic contaminants in soils, sediment and estuarine water from South-East Queensland

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This research contributed to the rather limited knowledge on the transport of organic contaminants in estuarine environments from South-East Queensland. Modelling studies were conducted to assess the fate of some current-use pesticides and pharmaceuticals in the Brisbane River estuary. The vertical transport of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in soils from a previous firefighting training ground was also assessed. The outcomes of this study contribute to the global stock taking of organic contaminants in the environments and are expected to be useful in designing effective containment or remediation strategies for organic contamination.
Differences and similarities between father-infant interaction and mother-infant interaction.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The aim of this study was to compare father-infant interaction with mother-infant interaction, and explore differences and similarities between parents. Related factors for quality of father-infant interaction were also examined. Sixteen pairs of parents with infants aged 0 to 36 months were observed for play interaction between parents and their children. Results suggested no significant differences between parents, but children's interactions were significantly more contingent with fathers than mothers (p =.045). Significant correlations between parents were found in socialemotional growth fostering encouragement for children during interaction (ρ =.73, p =.001). Paternal depressive symptoms were significantly correlated to paternal sensitivity to child's cues (ρ =-.59, p =.017).
Charcot's paradox

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893), considered the father of modern neurology, had a particular interest in pathology and learned to value anatomical findings. Among his main contributions is the use of the anatomo-clinical method in neurology. Although described as cold and impatient in his interpersonal relations, Charcot had a great affection for animals. He had two dogs in his home, which he called Carlo and Sigurd, and a little monkey, Rosalie. Despite his fascination with neuropathology and anatomo-clinical correlations, Charcot disapproved of studies using animal species other than humans, a seemingly paradoxical attitude. As a result, Charcot's human studies resulted in important advances in neurology as, prior to his research, anatomical observations of animals were extrapolated to humans, leading to conceptual errors.
Education and Training in Ergonomics in the Netherlands†

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A survey has been made concerning the teaching of ergonomics in the Netherlands. At the tertiary school level of the national educational system and in special courses, sponsored by the Dutch Ergonomics Society, some teaching can be found. It appears that much room for expansion is available, especially in curricula of technological universities and higher vocational schools. It seems to be fruitful in new courses to shift the stress from physiological and psychological theory towards technical, designing and organisational applications and from diagnosis to prevention.
Effect of low-cost transcranial magnetic stimulation navigation on hotspot targeting and motor evoked potential variability in the biceps brachii

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can monitor or modulate brain excitability. However, reliability of TMS outcomes depends on consistent coil placement during stimulation. Neuronavigated TMS systems can address this issue, but their cost limits their use outside of specialist research environments. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the performance of a low-cost navigated TMS approach in improving coil placement consistency and its effect on motor evoked potentials (MEPs) when targeting the biceps brachii at rest and during voluntary contractions. Methods: We implemented a navigated TMS system using a low-cost 3D camera system and open-source software environment programmed using the Unity 3D engine. MEPs were collected from the biceps brachii at rest and during voluntary contractions across two sessions in ten non-disabled individuals. Motor hotspots were recorded and targeted via two conditions: navigated and conventional. Results: The low-cost navigated TMS system reduced coil orientation error (pitch: 1.18°±1.2°, yaw: 1.99°±1.9°, roll: 1.18°±2.2° with navigation, versus pitch: 3.7°±5.7°, yaw: 3.11°±3.1°, roll: 3.8°±9.1° with conventional). The improvement in coil orientation had no effect on MEP amplitudes and variability. Conclusions: The low-cost system is a suitable alternative to expensive systems in tracking the motor hotspot between sessions and quantifying the error in coil placement when delivering TMS. Biceps MEP variability reflects physiological variability across a range of voluntary efforts, that can be captured equally well with navigated or conventional approaches of coil locating.
Introduction: Media Events — A Never Ending Story

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With increasing means of mediatization, the media events theoretical framework remains a relevant field of research. After the introduction of the concept by Dayan and Katz in 1992, some years ago, in 2010, there was a second 'wave' as 'disruptive' and 'popular cultural' media events became more common. During this second wave, the theory of media events was reformulated and extended (including by Dayan and Katz themselves). By bringing new perspectives into this field, this book is an important contribution, as it grounds the intervention and rethinking of the theory in further empirical research. Why another volume on the media events theory? Because, while it continues to excite attention in scholarly journals, there has been no comparable text since Media Events in a Global Age (Couldry et al., 2010). Furthermore, while the book by Couldry et al. was considerably more influential from a conceptual perspective, this volume has the advantage of being able to incorporate social media, which may prove to be of immeasurable importance for further development of media events theory.
Caracterização das condições de trabalho associadas ao uso de agrotóxicos: as consequências para os pequenos agricultores do DPIVAS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

<p>The spread of pesticides as a means of controlling insects on plantations has negative effects on workers’ health, and protection measures are necessary to ensure their physical integrity. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the working conditions associated with the use of pesticides for the health and safety of the work of the small rural producers of the Irrigation District Irrigated Perimeter Várzeas de Sousa (DPIVAS). The methodology used consisted of an exploratory and descriptive, qualitative-quantitative approach, as field research applied to a group of 12 female farmers. Data collection was done through the documentary survey of scientific articles, photographic records and the application of a semi-structured questionnaire. The results obtained show that most farmers of DPIVAS use agrochemicals under irregular conditions according to NR 31, aggravating even more the potential of generating occupational diseases. Although 58% stated they knew some of the risks of their activity, 100% of the women farmers did not receive training on work safety. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance that, in addition to the agricultural consultancies, training courses on occupational safety should be offered in order to promote the health and safety of all those involved and ensure decent working conditions.</p>
Difficulties in species identification within the genusHaemophilus— A pilot study addressing a significant problem for routine diagnostics

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Diagnostic misidentifications of commensalic Haemophilus haemolyticus as pathogenic Haemophilus influenzae are frequent. This pilot study evaluates whether isolations of H. haemolyticus are frequent enough in Germany to cause a relevant diagnostic problem, considering the fact that even H. influenzae is a mere colonizer in about 30% of isolations. In microbiological laboratories of two hospitals located in Northern and Southern Germany, the distribution of Haemophilus spp. was analyzed during a six-month-period. Site of infection, sex, and age of the patients was taken into consideration. A total of 77 Haemophilus spp. isolates was acquired and discriminated on species level, comprising: 48 H. influenzae, 25 Haemophilus parainfluenzae, 3 H. haemolyticus, and 1 Haemophilus parahaemolyticus. The proportion of H. haemolyticus was calculated to range between 1.2% and 16.2 % within the 95% confidence limits. Commensalic Haemophilus spp. were isolated from oropharynx-associated sites only. H. influenzae, in contrast, was detected in clinically relevant materials like lower respiratory materials and conjunctiva swabs. Altogether, there was a low proportion of clinical H. haemolyticus isolates. Accordingly, the problem of unnecessary antibiotic therapies due to misidentifications of H. haemolyticus as H. influenzae is quantitatively negligible compared with the risk of confusing H. influenzae colonizations with infections.
1,3‐Imidazole‐Based Mesoionic Carbenes and Anionic Dicarbenes: Pushing the Limit of Classical N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Classical N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) featuring the carbene center at the C2‐position of 1,3‐imidazole framework (i.e. C2‐carbenes) are well acknowledged as very versatile neutral ligands in molecular as well as in materials sciences. The efficiency and success of NHCs in diverse areas is essentially attributed to their persuasive stereoelectronics, in particular the potent σ‐donor property. The NHCs with the carbene center at the unusual C4 (or C5) position, the so‐called abnormal NHCs (aNHCs) or mesoionic carbenes (iMICs), are however superior σ‐donors than C2‐carbenes. Hence, iMICs have substantial potential in sustainable synthesis and catalysis. The main obstacle in this direction is rather demanding synthetic accessibility of iMICs. The aim of this review article is to highlight recent advances, particularly by the author's research group, in accessing stable iMICs, quantifying their properties, and exploring their applications in synthesis and catalysis. In addition, the synthetic viability and use of vicinal C4,C5‐anionic dicarbenes (ADCs), also based on an 1,3‐imidazole framework, are presented. As will be apparent on following pages, iMICs and ADCs hold potentials in pushing the limit of classical NHCs by enabling access to conceptually new main‐group heterocycles, radicals, molecular catalysts, ligands sets, and more.