jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Bacteriocin-producing Pediococcusa cidilactici Strain from Fermented Chinese Cabbage

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Pediococcus acidilactici was isolated from traditional food fermented Chinese cabbage and screened for bacteriocin strain. The strain was found to produce an extracellular antimicrobial substance that was peptide in nature and effective Against Listeria monocytogenes, Lactobacillus plantarum, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. The antimicrobial peptide is assayed as non organic acid and non hydrogen peroxide. It is sensitive to proteolytic enzymes, resistant to heat, and active over a wide range of pH.
Risk Management in Electricity Markets: Dominant Topics and Research Trends

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Risk management in electricity markets is essential for decision making that involve uncertainty. This article researches the dominant themes and research trends in risk management in electricity markets using descriptive analysis, literature mapping, and data mining techniques. The proposed methodology generates the clusters within the dominant themes and provides a comprehensive view of the main authors, journals, and publications, as well as the main lines of research. The results reveal that the academic production of the subject is increasing and the research trends focused on financial risk management, energy resource management, and that climate coverage mechanisms are of great interest to the scientific community.
Determining Focusing Nozzle Wear by Measuring AWJ Diameter

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abrasive water jet (AWJ) cutting is a versatile technology, but it is limited by relative poor accuracy.The main problem is the unknown diameter of the jet, as there is no device or instrument on the market that would enable a quick and easy measurement of it.With such an instrument the diameter could be regularly measured, nozzle wear monitored and noted offset adjusted.This would greatly improve the quality control of the process and the accuracy of the cut.This paper investigates the usage of a through-beam laser sensor for monitoring jet diameter and nozzle wear.Experiments were performed with five differently worn nozzles, with two different water pressures, with and without abrasive, at different standoff distances and with varying measuring times.Results show that the instrument is capable of monitoring the jet diameter and nozzle wear with an accuracy of ±0.03 mm, but it is very susceptible to the jet's spray and abrasive sticking to the sensor's screens.Jet diameter correlated better with the diameter of the focusing nozzle when taking measurements without the abrasive, at high water pressures and at a standoff distance of 1 mm.
Copolymer synthesis of N-halamine containing vinyl monomer with antimicrobial property.

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The N-halamine moiety has been widely researched in medical field for its anti-microbial property against micro-organisms. Leveraging on this property, this project aims to incorporate the N-halamine moiety into a copolymer that will be woven into fabrics to protect our soldiers against micro-organisms and harmful chemical agents. A radical copolymerization mechanism was adopted with 5,5-Dimethylhydantoin, a hydantoin derivative, as the starting material and 2,2’-Azobisisobutyronitrile as the initiator. Pre-requisite to the copolymerization process, Ally Bromide was used to react with the starting material to obtain the monomer required. Various parameters, such as temperature, duration, initiator to monomer ratio, co-monomer to monomer ratio, types of solvent, co-monomer and initiator, were investigated during the optimisation process for the adopted mechanism. Results had shown that copolymerization with Acrylonitrile for six hours at 90C in Dimethyl Sulphoxide/Water mixture produced an optimal amount of copolymer with a grafting ratio of around 6-8%. The ratio of the components was set at 0.1 mol of initiator to 10 mol of co-monomer to 1 mol of the monomer. Chlorination using Sodium Hypochlorite solution was carried out subsequently on the copolymers to convert the hydantoins to halamines. Approximately 25% of the grafted ADMH in the copolymers were chlorinated in 0.903M of Sodium Hypochlorite for 4 hours. In addition, compounds synthesized were characterised using Elemental Analysis, Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Fourier Transform Infra Red and Differential Scanning Calorimetric analysis.
P4‐082: PARTICIPANTS WHO REFUSE PET SCAN HAD SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER EPISODIC MEMORY THAN THOSE WHO CONSENTED TO SCAN: DATA FROM THE WOMEN's HEALTHY AGEING PROJECT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

With cerebral amyloid scanning now approved to assist with clinical diagnosis it is important to examine factors associated with deciding to have an amyloid PET scan. We examined cognition in an epidemiologically sampled cohort who were all offered cerebral amyloid imaging. Complete data on 227 participants from the Women's Healthy Ageing Project, initially recruited in 1991 and followed up over 2 decades were offered Amyloid scanning with 18 F-Fluorobetaben in 2012. Of the 227 participants all of whom were offered cerebral amyloid scanning in conjunction with their cognitive assessment, 123 agreed to scanning and 104 did not complete the scan. There were no statistically significant differences between those who agreed to scan and those who did not agree to scan for distance lived from assessment centre, age or education. There was a trend for those with a year more education to opt for having a PET scan. Those who did not have the scan were more likely to have recalled fewer words from a list in the verbal memory test (10 Vs 11.4, p=0.008) than those who opted out of the scan, adjusting for age and education. Factors influencing a patient's choice in scanning are important to examine as amyloid scanning for early detection and diagnosis is more widely introduced. The reasons why those with a poorer episodic memory, those most likely to benefit from early detection, were not keen to have scanning should be examined in further work.
Long-Term Follow Up of Patients Treated for Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Cytomegalovirus Colitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Pathological reactivation of latent Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is triggered by inflammation and immunosuppression; both present in the pathogenesis and treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Whether CMV reactivation is associated with escalating medical therapy, further hospital admissions, or worse clinical outcomes remains controversial. This study aimed to follow up IBD patients with an index episode of CMV colitis and analyse the clinical outcomes. Methods: A retrospective study of patients with IBD treated for CMV colitis was completed. The outcome results were collected at 6-month and 12-month time points after the first episode of CMV colitis. A total of 13 patients with Ulcerative Colitis and 1 with Crohn’s Disease were included. Results: CMV colitis recurrence occurred in 29% of patients at 12 months. A total of 43% of patients had changed their biologic dose at 6 months and 29% had escalated their biologic dose at 12 months. At 12 months, 36% of patients had been re-hospitalised, including three colectomies. Disease remission was only achieved by 29% of patients at 12 months. Conclusions: IBD patients with CMV colitis have substantial rates of re-hospitalisation, failed medical therapy, and colectomy. These risks may be greater at <6 months from an index episode of CMV colitis.
USING NARRATIVE INQUIRY TO EXAMINE TEACHERS' IDENTITY VIA FACEBOOK NARRATIVES

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Identity is the result of one's personality, upbringing, learning and working experience. This article presents the results of a research on the personal identity of a lecturer teaching English at a university in Vietnam. The article analyzes the teacher's shared narratives on Facebook about his life and teaching experiences. In-depth interviews were conducted over a one-year period following narrative inquiry procedure. The paper shows the complexity of the participant's four intertwined identities as well as the potential of Facebook as an online platform to share and reflect on personal experiences, thereby allowing readers to engage in a dual process of identification and negotiation of meanings ​​in identity formation. Social networks have the potential to mitigate the isolation of teachers in their pursuit of professional development activities and to promote the formation and development of professional communities.
Studies on the Isozymes Electrophoresis of Sphaeropsidales Species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The soluble mycoprotein and isozyme of 17 isolates from 10 species belonging to 5 genera were analysed with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The marked difference of protein patterns and zymograms between different species and the considerable identity between isozymes from the same species indicated that the electrophoretic analysis of protein and isozyme, especially esterase isozyme, was a useful supplementary means for the classification of sphaeropsidales at the level of species. Different patterns of samples from the same isozyme cultured in different days could be produced, so the identical experiment conditions were essential for isozyme analysis.
Tension Capacity of Staggered Bolted Connections in Cold-Reduced Steel Sheets

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper examines the assumption implicit in Cochrane’s formula that stresses are uniformly distributed across the net section of a staggered bolted connection. The assumption was found to be overoptimistic for connections in steel having low ductility, leading to unconservative estimates for the tension capacity if the in-plane shear lag is not accounted for. The reduction factor of 0.9 specified in the North American specification for cold-formed steel structures partially, but not wholly, addresses the problems inherent in the code equations. This paper points out that the simplification of Cochrane’s original formula into the standard formula used in steel design codes worldwide can lead to additional design capacity that may not be justified. It proposes an equation that accounts for the in-plane shear lag and incorporates Cochrane’s original formula for determining the net section area. The proposed equation is demonstrated through laboratory tests on 74 staggered bolted connection specimens in 1.5 mm and 3.0 mm G450 sheet steel to be more accurate and consistent than the code equations in predicting the net section tension capacity.
Suspended sediment transport in sewers at limit of deposition

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This note proposes a new formula for predicting the self-cleansing velocity of suspended particles in sewer pipes. Dimensional analysis is carried out to develop a new equation based on sediment and hydraulic characteristics. Model performance is tested using experimental data collected at laboratory scale and benchmarking data from the literature. The accuracy of the developed formula is evaluated with the Coefficient of Determination (R2), the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). Results demonstrate that the proposed equation is able to predict the particle Froude number and hence the self-cleansing velocity for a wide range of variations of sediment concentration, particle diameter, and hydraulic characteristics.
Intelligent Science and Technology Assists Safety Culture Construction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Because of the characteristics of high temperature, high pressure, flammability, explosion and high risk, safety accidents occur frequently in petroleum industry. In order to avoid and prevent safety accidents, it is necessary to promote the construction of safety culture in petroleum industry. With the progress of science and technology, some intelligent technologies (such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality, augmented reality, etc.) have become an indispensable means for the construction of safety culture. Safety culture has experienced fatalism, empiricism, systematism and essentialism, and its connotation has been constantly enriched and innovated. Essentialism, in the final analysis, emphasizes the prevention and prevention of safety accidents, and holds that safety science and technology is the prerequisite to ensure safe production. Artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are the representatives of the most advanced productive forces, and their mature application scenarios in the construction of safety culture are more and more, such as intelligent hazard identification, emergency drilling, safety knowledge dissemination and so on. Artificial intelligence is a science that studies the laws of human intelligence activities and can simulate some human behaviors. Intelligent robots that store safety knowledge and safety laws and regulations can publicize and train safety production knowledge and warn unsafe behavior through machine learning and natural language processing. The interactive three-dimensional dynamic scene of safety production with multi-information fusion can be reconstructed by using virtual reality technology to simulate the interactive three-dimensional dynamic scene of safety production with multi-information fusion, so that employees can immerse in the production site. All links of safety accidents can be vividly displayed in front of employees, so that employees can clarify the causes and consequences of safety accidents. Augmented reality is a new technology that seamlessly integrates real world information and virtual world information. Therefore, it can overlay the real scene of the oil industry accident scene (such as, fire and explosion, gas leakage, etc.) and response after the accident, display various auxiliary information to the users through the helmet display, and increase the authenticity of the oil industry staff emergency drill. The application of intelligent technology not only increases the interest of safety culture propaganda, but also enhances the staff's sense of experience in emergency drill. More importantly, it plays an important role in the construction of enterprise safety culture.
Permeability Change of Cerebral Vessels in Acute Hypertension and External Decompression

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The role of hydrostatic factors, such as acute hypertension and decompressive craniectomy, which contribute to the permeability of cerebral vessels and to brain edema were evaluated. Adult mongrel cats were subjected to induced hypertension by means of inflation of a balloon catheter placed in the descending aorta immediately distal to the left sub-clavian artery. Craniectomy of 2×1.5 cm was done on the right front-parietal area. The animals were divided into four groups: 1) intact control group; 2) arterial hypertension group; 3) craniectomy group; 4) combined hypertension and craniectomy group. Evans blue and horseradish peroxidase were used as tracers to quantify the extent of damage to the blood-brain barrier. The water content of the regional cerebral tissues was determined by the dry-weight method. Induced hypertension produced multifocal cortical lesions staind by Evans blue. Craniectomy also resulted in similar multifocal cortical edema in both hemispheres, though more marked on the side of the craniectomy. These lesions were mainly located at the arterial boundary zones of major cerebral arteries and leakage of tracers ceased within 24 hours. No changes were observed in either brain water content or morphological findings 48 hours after insult. When a cat was subjected to both hypertension and craniectomy, these changes became markedly intensified and Evans blue, migrated further into the adjacent white matter. When the brain was examined 48 hours later, rather extensive hemispheric edema with midline structure shift was noted. The results suggested that edema of this type is sufficiently specific in its developmental pattern and is initiated by the hydrostatic pressure gradients between blood and tissue, and between areas with different tissue pressures.
A study on the localization and expression of hTCP1112 and mTcp1112.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To observe the subcelluar localization of human TCP11L2(hTcp1112) and mouse Tcp1112(mTcp1112) gene in the MDCK cell and study the expression profile of mTcp1112 in mouse.Methods open reading frames of hTCP11L2 and mTcp1112 were obtained by RT-PCR from normal testis tissue and then cloned into pEGFP-N1 vector,respectively named pEGFP-hTcp1112 and pEGFP-mTcp1112.The MDCK cell was transfected with pEGFP-TCP11L2 and pEGFP-Tcp1112 using lipofection method and then observed through fluorescence microscope.RT-PCR was used to detect the expression profile of mTcp1112.Results Fluorescence microscopy showed that the fluorescence concentrated mainly in the perinuclear cytoplasm when transfected with pEGFP-hTcp1112 and pEGFP-mTcp1112 while the fluorescence covers completely in the entire cell when transfected with the pEGFP-N1 vector;RT-PCR result showed that mouse Tcp1112 was widely expressed in mouse.Conclusion The hTCP11L2 and mTcp1112 were highly expressed in the transfected MDCK cell line and located in the perinuclear cytoplasm.The mTcp1112 had a multi-organization expression profile different form TCP11 gene which specifically expressed in the testis tissue,indicated mTcp1112 may play a role in normal functioning of organism.
Optimal Auction Design for Mixed Bidders

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The predominant setting in classic auction theory considers bidders as utility maximizers (UMs), who aim to maximize quasi-linear utility functions. Recent autobidding strategies in online advertising have sparked interest in auction design with value maximizers (VMs), who aim to maximize the total value obtained. In this work, we investigate revenue-maximizing auction design for selling a single item to a mix of UMs and VMs. Crucially, we assume the UM/VM type is private information of a bidder. This shift to a multi-parameter domain complicates the design of incentive compatible mechanisms. Under this setting, we first characterize the optimal auction structure for auctions with a single bidder. We observe that the optimal auction moves gradually from a first-price auction to a Myerson auction as the probability of the bidder being a UM increases from 0 to 1. We also extend our study to multi-bidder setting and present an algorithm for deriving the optimal lookahead auction with multiple mixed types of bidders.
The Energy a Plastic Surgeon Expends during Liposuction

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: It is generally accepted that liposuction requires a significant amount of energy from surgeons. This procedure involves the use of specialized equipment and techniques to remove fat cells from the body, which can be physically demanding for surgeons. The amount of effort required for liposuction must be evaluated in terms of energy consumption. Our goal was to conduct a study to record the energy that the surgeon uses during liposuction and correlate these results with the volume of fat obtained as well as other variables. Methods: A series of cases was carried out from April 2022 to November 1, 2022, in three different plastic surgery centers. Three plastic surgeons recorded the procedures using an Apple Watch, choosing from among Apple Watch training options and free indoor walking. The surgeon then concluded the registration at the time of finishing the surgery and removed the surgical gloves and gowns. Results: Complete data were obtained for 63 patients. The average fat obtained per 1 kcal of energy was 6.14 cm 3 of fat, and 160 cal to obtain 1 cm 3 of fat by liposuction. Other data that demonstrated statistically significant correlations were fat volume versus average pace (km), total fat volume versus average heart rate, fat volume versus surgical time, and fat volume versus distance. Conclusions: Liposuction is a surgical procedure that requires considerable effort. This study demonstrates the amount of energy required for regular liposuction. Compared with other single procedures, three times more energy is required to complete liposuction.
Recovery duration and concussion severity in sport- and non-sport-related concussion among Pac-12 collegiate athletes: a retrospective cohort study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives To examine non-sport- and sport-related concussion severity, clinical care frequency and delayed reporting in relation to recovery duration among collegiate athletes. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Pac-12 varsity collegiate athletes. Participants 461 collegiate male and female athletes Primary and secondary outcome measures The incidence of sport-related concussion (SRC) and non-sport-related concussion (NRC) were collected as well as times to recovery and return-to-play (RTP), symptom score and symptom severity and reported a loss of consciousness (LOC), retrograde amnesia (RGA) and post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) following concussion incidence. Results Among 461 concussions, 388 (84%) occurred within sport and 73 (16%) occurred outside of sport. NRC, on average, required 3.5 more days to become asymptomatic (HR: 0.73, 95%confidence interval: 0.56 to 0.96, p=0.02) and 7 more days to RTP (HR: 0.64, 95% confidence interval: 0.49 to 0.85, p<0.01) compared with SRC. NRC were associated with an increase of 1.83 (p=0.07) symptoms reported at the time of diagnosis, an increase of 6.95 (p=0.06) in symptom severity and a higher prevalence of reported LOC (22% NRC vs. 3% SRC, p < 0.001), PTA (15% NRC vs. 5% SRC, p< 0 .01) and RGA (10% NRC vs. 4% SRC, p = 0.06), compared with SRC. There was no significant difference in clinical care (p = 0.28) or immediate reporting (p=0.35) between NRC and SRC. Conclusion NRC were associated with greater severity and longer recovery duration when compared with SRC in a cohort of collegiate athletes.
Keys issues in developing teachers’ competences for CLIL in Andalusia: training, mobility and coordination

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper presents the outcomes of a Spanish study on aspects of the background, skills and perceptions of three groups of teachers – content teachers, language teachers and language assistants – working to implement CLIL in the monolingual area of Andalusia, Spain. The research was based on a questionnaire completed by 130 informants and highlights teachers' perceptions on training and development needs, participation in courses and exchanges abroad ('mobility') and the coordination and organisation of their programmes. It also examines how variables such as type of teacher (content, language or assistant), level of English and teacher status influence responses. In general, the teachers were positive about their involvement in the CLIL programme, but content teachers were typically less confident in relation to aspects of CLIL implementation than language teachers. There was a general perception that content teachers and language assistants needed greater support to work effectively in CLIL. Somewhat surprisingly, there did not appear to be widespread uptake of mobility opportunities, nor was there any evidence of teachers having opportunities for study leave to develop their CLIL specialism, although there was general satisfaction with local programme coordination. In discussion of our results, we highlight the need for stronger specialist teacher education infrastructure to support CLIL implementation, in particular at university initial teacher education level.
[Small interfering RNA-mediated Nrf2 gene knockdown enhances hirsutanols A-induced cytotoxicity in cancer cells].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Hirsutanols A can induce apoptosis in HepG2 and SW480 cells by promoting ROS production and up-regulating Nrf2 expression. Nrf2 knockdown by siRNA can increase the sensitivity of the cancer cells to hirsutanols A in vitro.