jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Application of the Integrative Procedure for Management of Production and Service Improvement Process on the Assembly Line

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Continual improvement of production process consists of small incremental improvements combined with breakthrough improvement steps.These improvements are usually achieved through the improvement of the organization, processes and people skills using improvement concepts like Lean management.Sometimes, usually for breakthrough improvements, significant financial investments in technology are needed.On the other hand, improving of organization, processes and people skills usually do not require significant financial investments.Therefore, for industrial enterprises, it would be the most valuable to have a procedure for the management of the continual improvement process.The procedure that identifies and focuses on the most important processes or part of processes and selects the improvement action which will have the best effect on key performance indicators (KPIs) of the production process.In this research, an integrative procedure for management of production and service improvement process is experimentally tested on the real assembly line in the Laboratory at FESB, University of Split.The focus of this paper is on the innovative multicriteria decision making support system for prioritization of proposed improvement processes, based on the HUMANT algorithm.The result is that one proposed improvement process is selected as the most effective solution, according to pre-defined KPIs.
P01.21: Evaluation of different methods of first trimester ultrasound. A pilot study: interpretation of 2D versus 3D ultrasound

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An extended first trimester ultrasound screening that incorporates additional fetal markers can increase detection rate and reduce false-positive rates of the current protocols existing for prenatal screening, as well as assess the risk of developing a number of adverse pregnancy outcomes. This is a prospective randomized pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of the addition of 3 dimensional imaging at the extended first trimester ultrasound screen. Eighty patients were recruited and randomized to receive one of four different ultrasounds: transabdominal 2D, transabdominal 3D, transvaginal 2D, transvaginal 3D. Typical measurements, including CRL, BPD, HC, AC, FL, NT were obtained from 2D images by trained sonographers. The 3D images were then analyzed by a senior Maternal Fetal Medicine consultant with extensive sonographic experience and by a senior resident with limited sonographic experience, and the same measurements were derived from the 3D sweeps. These values were afterwards compared the two 3D raters, as well as between the 3D raters and the sonographer. The results demonstrated that there was poor interrater reliability between the senior resident and the MFM consultant (0.39), fair reliability between the senior resident and the sonographer (0.454) and excellent reliability between the MFM consultant and the sonographer (0.834). These results demonstrate that with adequate training, the measurements derived from previously acquired 3D sweeps were very consistent with those obtained in the standard fashion. This is a promising finding, given the amount of time that could be saved in the analysis of first trimester ultrasounds if 3D sweeps were obtained, in contrast to the standard 2D study. We acknowledge the funding of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (AEF Project-REB #17844).
Study of MIMO broadcast channels with finite rate feedback for wireless communications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In radio, multiple-input and multiple-output, or MIMO is the use of multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver to improve communication performance. Multiple transmit antennas in a downlink channel can provide tremendous capacity (i.e. multiplexing) gains, even when receivers have only single antennas. However, receiver and transmitter channel state information is generally required.
Comparison of excretory-secretory antigen and positive faecal supernatant antigen in the detection of Echinococcus granulosus infection in dogs by CIEP

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Coproantigen detection of Echinococcosis in dogs by counter immunoelectrophoresis was standardized. Adult Echinococcus granulosus worms were obtained from intestine of a necropsied positive dog. Excretory-secretory antigen was prepared by culturing adult worms in Medium 199 (pH 7.4). Faeces of positive dog were collected and fecal supernatant was prepared and used for coproantigen detection. CIEP was carried out using tris-borate buffer (pH 8.0) at a constant current of 8mA/slide for 60 minutes. CIEP detected infection with both the antigens. [Vet World 2009; 2(11.000): 421-422]
Effect of water conservation and recycling on the potential for, and environmental impact of, phosphorus recovery from municipal wastewater in Australia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Per capita water consumption declined by 25-36% while recycled water use increased by 10% in Australian capital cities from 2000 to 2009. Assuming constant per capita phosphorus loads, these changes present an opportunity for phosphorus recovery as struvite from RO brine generated at water recycling plants. A multi-parametric model for a 50,000 equivalent population wastewater recycling plant found specific power for struvite recovery from RO brine reduced from 590 to 170 kWh/kgP as per capita water consumption declined from 300 to 50 L/c/d. Phosphonate antiscalants used in RO systems at a typical concentration of 30 mg/L reduced the phosphorus removal efficiency from 29% to 20% for phosphorus recovery from synthetic solutions and altered the rhombic struvite precipitate in 1L jar tests. However, the effects were less pronounced in a 5L batch reactor at higher struvite saturation (SI 1.8), indicating the technical feasibility of struvite recovery from RO brine. An alternative magnesium source, seawater, reduced the phosphorus removal efficiency from 29% for the control to 14%, while the use of bittern increased the removal to 37% in 1L jar tests. The use of seawater also increased the calcium content of the precipitate from <0.1% for the control and bittern to 6.6% and altered the rhombic structure in 1L jar tests, though the effects were less pronounced in a 5L batch reactor. While technically feasible, analysis of wastewater catchments with declining water consumption over the 2000 to 2012 period found per capita phosphorus loads declined in 11 of 12 catchments, indicating that on an energy basis, phosphorus recovery from the RO brine is unlikely to compare with production from mined phosphate rock. A life cycle analysis comparing the environmental benefits and burdens of introducing phosphorus recovery into existing infrastructure found struvite recovery from solids dewatering streams was preferred over recovery from RO brine and over direct land application of biosolids at centralised plants. Urine separation reduced the global warming and ozone depletion potentials of decentralised systems, although the soil salinization and terrestrial ecotoxicity potentials increased. While avoided fertilizer provided benefits, it didn’t necessarily outweigh the resources required to achieve phosphorus recovery.
Dependencies for determining heat transfer coefficients and air resistance for heat exchangers with tubular-plate heat exchange surface

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Problem. The article analyzes existing generalized dependencies for determining convective heat transfer coefficients and air resistance coefficients for tubular-plate surfaces widely used in the production of modern charge air coolers and radiators. It is established that practical application of such dependencies, in some cases, is associated with significant errors revealed during experimental checks. Consequently, there is a need to adjust such dependencies for corridor bundles of flat-oval tubes with transverse grouped finning by flat fins. Goal. The aim of this study is to correct experimental dependencies for heat exchange and resistance. Numerical coefficients are adjusted on this basis, while the structure of dimensional dependencies remains unchanged. Simultaneously, the study is conducted for further improvement of the methodology for obtaining similar dependencies. Methodology. Adjustment of generalized dependencies for determining convective heat transfer coefficients and air resistance coefficients for tubular-plate heat exchange surfaces is carried out experimentally. Results. New dependencies are proposed for determining heat transfer coefficients and air resistance coefficients for tubular-plate heat exchange surfaces. Their accuracy and efficiency are investigated over a wide range of regimes. Originality and practical value. Unlike known dependencies of a similar nature, the proposed dependencies are provided in a single complex that should be used in modern heat exchanger calculation methods. It is established that the maximum error in determining air temperature according to the proposed dependence does not exceed 0.3 °C for the entire investigated range, and the error in determining aerodynamic resistance does not exceed 8 %, indicating high accuracy of modeling. Such accuracy ensures the possibility of applying the proposed dependencies for engineering calculations.
Abstract WP356: Unbundling Care Transitions and Cost After Stroke: Results From the BPCI-Advanced Program

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services bundled payment for care improvement advanced (BPCI-A) program incentivizes providers to better coordinate care, reduce expenses, and improve quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of improving post-acute care coordination after stroke on quality and resource utilization in the BPCI-A program. Methods: Capital Health collaborated with post-acute providers to improve communication, identify criteria for early supported discharge to the community, expedite home health and outpatient services, reduce readmissions, and initiate advanced care planning. The redesigned post-acute care coordination program was implemented at Capital Health’s primary and comprehensive stroke center. Quality outcomes and resource utilization measures for patients enrolled in the BCPI-A program were compared to BPCI-A eligible patients prior to program implementation. Results: Forty-three patients enrolled in the BCPI-A program were compared to 77 patients eligible for enrollment. Clinical and demographic characteristics were similar (p>.05). After program implementation, 21.5% fewer patients were discharged to an inpatient rehabilitation facility (p=.024) and 14% more patients were discharged to inpatient hospice (p<.001). On average, post-acute cost decreased $16,608 per patient (p=.007) resulting in a $16,820 reduction in the 90-day cost per episode (p=.011). The 90-day hospital readmission rate decreased insignificantly by 14.1% from 23.4% to 9.3% (p=.056). Hospital cost, hospital length of stay and the 90-day mortality rate were unchanged (p>.05). Conclusion: The coordination of post-acute services facilitates care transitions after stroke. The identification of patients meeting criteria for early supported discharge to the community or admission to inpatient hospice helped reduce post-acute cost without increasing 90-day readmission or mortality.
Enteral Feeding Dilemmas: Navigating the Impact of Bacterial Contamination in Hospitalized Populations

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Enteral feeding is essential for hospitalized patients unable to consume oral nutrition. However, it poses a risk of bacterial contamination, leading to infections and increased morbidity and mortality. Methods: Studies have shown that contaminated enteral feeds are associated with longer hospital stays and worsened patient outcomes. Common pathogens include Gram-negative bacilli (e.g., Serratia spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp.), coagulase-negative staphylococci, and Clostridium difficile. Preventing contamination requires identifying and mitigating potential routes. This comprehensive approach encompasses careful practices during production, storage, preparation, and administration of enteral feeds. Results: Early initiation of enteral feeding has also been linked to lower infection rates. Standardized protocols, hand hygiene adherence, routine monitoring for infection signs, and ongoing staff education are crucial for safe enteral feeding. Further research is needed to better understand risk factors for contamination and evaluate the effectiveness of preventive interventions. Conclusion: Addressing these knowledge gaps can significantly improve the quality of enteral feeding and reduce infection burden in hospitalized patients.
A Method for Lining the Superiorly Based Pharyngeal Flap

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The development of a mucosal flap as a lining for a superiorly based pharyngeal flap has undergone many modifications. The technique described herein uses tissue from the nasal surface of the soft palate with its base at the uvula. Its ease of construction is based on the adaptive use of modern vascular instruments. Since 1979 a total of 32 pharyngeal flaps have been lined in this manner. The results, as determined by a trained speech pathologist and the use of the oral panendoscope, have been quite good. This method offers a number of advantages, including the ability to line the pharyngeal flap with a shortened soft palate or one that is difficult to mobilize due to scarring, no through-and-through incision into the soft palate, and no exposed raw surfaces that can contribute to recurrence of velopharyngeal incompetence.
Optimal deghosting robust to nonstationary noise from multimeasurement streamer data

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Summary The optimal deghosting (ODG) method is used to combine pressure and vertical velocity in a way to optimally minimize the impact of noise on the deghosted data. This is done by estimating the noise power spectrum of the pressure and vertical gradient to weight the contribution of each measurement. In general, the pressure and vertical velocity noise spectrums are estimated from noise-dominant data windows assuming that the noise is space-time stationary in the wide sense. If the noise statistics change with time or space, then the ODG solution is not optimal with respect to the signal to noise ratio (S/N). We propose a robust way to minimize the impact of nonstationary noise in ODG without estimating the noise power.
Characteristics of Patients with Hypertension Admitted for COVID-19 Treatment in Khulna: Single-Centre Cross-Sectional Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a large threat to global health due to its high contagious nature and varied mortality. Arterial hypertension represents one of the most common comorbidities in patients with COVID-19. Close connections between inflammation and blood pressure (BP) have been described, and inflammation plays a key role in the outcome for patients with COVID-19. Objective: This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with hypertension admitted for COVID-19 treatment in Gazi Medical College Hospital (GMCH), Khulna, Bangladesh. Methods: This was a cross-sectional type of observational study on patients with hypertension who were diagnosed with COVID-19 based on laboratory and/or radiological findings and admitted to Gazi Medical College Hospital, Khulna, Bangladesh, from July 1 to July 31, 2021. In that timeframe, overall, 215 patients with COVID-19 were admitted. Among them, 37 patients having hypertension fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the study. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological data of those 37 patients were recorded and analyzed. Results: Among 37 study subjects, 54.1% were female. The mean age of the patients was 59.6±13.9 years. Among the study subjects, diabetes (56.8%) was the most common comorbidity. Regarding laboratory parameters, the mean Hb of the patients was 11.4±1.9 g/dl. In addition, the mean random blood sugar (RBS) level was 11.6±2.9 mmol/l. Neutrophilia and lymphocytopenia were observed in 86.5% and 83.8% cases, respectively. The mean D-dimer (2.4 mg/l) and CRP (72.5 mg/l) levels were well above their normal limits. In high resolution CT scan of the chest (HRCT chest), bilateral lung involvement was present in 89.2% cases. Ground-glass appearance was the most frequent (91.9%) radiologic pattern. Among antihypertensive drugs, losartan potassium was the most frequently used category (29.7%). Total 7 (18.9%) patients were severely affected with COVID-19 and admitted to the ICU, requiring mechanical ventilation. During our study, 2 patients (5.4%) died either due to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome or cardio-respiratory failure. Conclusion: The study provides key information to better understand the clinical characteristics of patients with hypertension admitted for COVID-19 treatment, which may help physicians to identify the factors associated with adverse outcomes in this disease. Mediscope 2024;11(1): 34-40
Acceptability and Feasibility of Smart Phone Application “OSOMO Prompt” for Health Surveillance in Older Adults by Community Health Workers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The magnanimous functionalities and flexibility of smartphone device make them well suited for collecting field data, especially for the local healthcare professional. This paper describes the results of the acceptability and feasibilityfor community health workers (CHWs) after using smartphone application called ‘OSOMO prompt’ app. The results indicated that the comparison of means of one sample t-test responses to the questions on the perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use of ‘OSOMO prompt’ app. The CHWs found that the high average scores of using the ‘OSOMO prompt’ app were useful in their job (mean=3.97±.68) and easy to use (Mean=3.95±.62). The app also had high score point of improving the quality of CHWs work, easy to do CHWs job, clearly and stability app while all items of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use were statistical significantly (p-value <.001). In conclusion, challenging of smartphone ‘OSOMO prompt’ app was feasible and acceptable to CHWs.
Accumulated material, workmanship and design errors in the unstable, prefabricated reinforced concrete cylindrical tank

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract There are complex reasons for the failure of prefabricated reinforced concrete material. Those are errors related to putting the concrete structure up, insufficient supervision of material checkup during construction works, design errors, inappropriate usage of other building materials, and in particular mistakes made while linking material elements that do not allow for the complete connection of all individual parts into one monolithic as a whole block. In the case of the biological gas tanks presented in the submitted paper, the following methods applied for measuring the width of prefabricated concrete slabs joints did not prevent the contractor from committing major errors in material resulting in significant imperfections of the tank walls. As a result, the presented tank, which maintains stability for smaller diameters; for large diameters becomes a buckling-sensitive structure. Poorly made joints become places of the buckling wave initiation and drastically reduce critical force. Repeated failures of the same tank with constantly increasing discipline of the facility construction has confirmed low resistance of the tank to the second-order effects, which is strictly related to the usage of the bad material, characterized in detail in the research paper.
Listening to J.S. Bach’s “Brandenburg Concerto No. 4 in G Major” May Suppress the Sympathetic Nervous Activity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study aimed to investigate the effects of listening to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's "Sonata for two pianos in D major, K448" and Johann Sebastian Bach's "Brandenburg concerto No. 4 in G major, BWV1049" on the heart rate, blood pressure, and autonomic nervous activity. Seventeen healthy young adults were recruited as participants. All participants underwent a 10-minute rest, a 10-minute load test, and a triplicate 8-minute music listening process. Electrocardiograms were continuously measured from the measurement onset to completion. Moreover, the high-frequency (HF) component was extracted from the heart rate variability analysis as a measure of the parasympathetic nervous activity and the ratio of low frequency (LF) to HF as a measure of the sympathetic nervous activity. Blood pressure was also measured. There was a significant decrease in the heart rate after listening to both K448 and BWV1049, as well as in the silence state. Blood pressure did not significantly change in either case. Further, the LF/HF ratio significantly decreased after listening to BWV1049. Nevertheless, HF did not change after listening to either music. In conclusion, this study suggests that listening to K448 does not affect the heart rate, blood pressure, or autonomic nervous activity, whereas listening to BWV1049 may suppress the sympathetic nervous activity in healthy adults.
Characterisation and application ofHalomonas shantousisSWA25, a halotolerant bacterium with multiple biogenic amine degradation activity

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Biogenic amines are identified as toxicological substances in foods and may have detrimental effects on consumers’ health. In recent years, the application of microorganisms that can degrade biogenic amines has become an emerging method for their reduction. The degradation characteristics and application potential of a salt-tolerant bacterium Halomonas shantousis SWA25 were investigated in this study. H. shantousis SWA25 exhibited degradation activity against eight biogenic amines at 10–40°C (optimum, 30–40°C) and pH 3.0–9.0 (optimum, 6.0–7.0) in the presence of 0–20% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0%). Specifically, H. shantousis SWA25 degraded all tryptamine (TRY) and tyramine (TYR) in 6 h, all phenethylamine (PHE) in 9 h, 66.7% of histamine (HIM), 52.4% of cadaverine (CAD), 48.0% of spermidine (SPD), 42.9% of putrescine (PUT) and 42.0% of spermine (SPM) in 20 h at 30°C and pH 7.0 with shaking at 120 r min−1. The enzymes from H. shantousis SWA25 responsible for degradation of biogenic amines were mainly amine oxidases located on the cell membrane. Further studies showed that H. shantousis SWA25 effectively degraded TRY, PHE, PUT, CAD, HIM and TYR in commercial fish sauce and soy sauce samples. Nevertheless, significant SPD and SPM degradation were not observed due to low initial concentrations. Therefore, H. shantousis SWA25 can be applied as a potential biogenic amines degradation bacterium in foods.