jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
LncRNA DIRC1 is a novel prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in Stomach adenocarcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background :The potential application value of LncRNA DIRC1 has not yet been explored, and the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between DIRC1 and Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Methods: Wilcoxon rank sum test, Chi-square test, Fisher test and logistic regression were used to evaluate relationships between clinical-pathologic features and DIRC1 expression.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were used to describe binary classifier value of DIRC1 using area under curve (AUC) score.Kaplan Meier method was used to assess the impact of DIRC1 on prognosis and the impact of DIRC1-related hub genes on prognosis.GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were used to predict the function of differentially expressed genes(DEGs) associated with DIRC1.Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to predict biological states or processes associated with DIRC1.Immune infiltration analysis was performed to identify the significantly involved functions of DIRC1.Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were established and 10 hub genes identified with Cytoscape software. Results Increased DIRC1 expression in STAD was associated with T stage (P=0.004),Race (P=0.045), Histologic grade(P=0.029) and Anatomic neoplasm subdivision(P=0.034).ROC curve suggested the significant diagnostic ability of DIRC1 (AUC=0.779). High DIRC1 expression predicted a poorer Overall survival (P=0.004,HR:1.63; 95% CI: 1.17-2.27; P=0.034).GO and KEGG analysis demonstrated that DIRC1 is related to epidermis,collagen-containing extracellular matrix,receptor-ligand activity,protein digestion and absorption,etc.GSEA demonstrated that E2F target, G2M checkpoint, Myc target, interferon γ reaction were differentially enriched in the high DIRC1 expression phenotype. SsGSEA and Spearman correlation revealed the relationships between DIRC1 and macrophages,DC, and Th1 cells were the strongest. Coregulatory proteins were included in the PPI network, higher expressions of 4 hub genes were associated with worse prognosis in STAD. Conclusions DIRC1 expression was significantly correlated with poor survival and immune infiltrations in STAD, and it may be a promising prognostic biomarker in STAD.
Laugier's Prototypal Hut, Soufflot's Sainte‐Geneviève, and the Enlightenment Theory of Representation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The revolutionary concept of architectural representation based on the model of the primitive hut formulated by the young French Jesuit priest and amateur Marc‐Antoine Laugier (1713–69) is arguably the single most important contribution to modern architectural theory advanced in the Age of Enlightenment. Serving as the cornerstone of his argument for reforming contemporary architecture, Laugier's mimetic theory of representation appeared in 1753 in his anonymously published Essai sur l'architecture . It had a veritable succès de scandale and was translated into English and German within a couple of years. In 1755 it appeared in a second French edition, this one including the name of the author and containing a number of illustrations. The most significant of these was the frontispiece, an extraordinary engraving that provided one of the boldest and most potent images ever produced of architectural representation as an imitation of nature. The primitive hut it depicted became the centerpiece around which much of the debate over modern architecture revolved during the succeeding two centuries.
The Reliability of Written Reports and Verbal Inquiry in Assessing Marital Interactions.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Previous research has shown that affects, construals and response expectancies in the interactions of married couples can be reliably inferred from written interaction records (Peterson, 1978). This study was conducted to determine whether reliabilities could be improved by interviewing participants about their interactions after written records of the interactions have been completed. Four raters were exposed to two sources of information concerning the interpersonal interactions of six married couples: 1. each spouse's written account of the interactions; and 2. audio-recorded inquiry of spouses designed to enrich and clarify their accounts of the interactions. Each rater's interpretations involved the selection of specific interaction codes to describe different kinds of affect, construals and expectations associated with major acts in each marital interaction, and summary characterizations concerning the degree of intimacy, effectiveness of communication, self-regard, regard for spouse, control, assertiveness and aggression that existed in each marital relationship. Orders of presentation were counterbalanced, and judgments were made following presentation of each kind of information. After the individuual interpretations were complete, all four raters met and reached consensus interpretations involving interaction codes and summary characterizations for each married couple. Levels of agreement between individual and consensus interpretations were computed (using kappa statistics to correct for chance agreement) and compared.
Cyberwarfare

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The internet has to be considered a very dangerous battlefield. Nobody is secure. It is a paradox that those countries which do not feel vulnerable may be the most threatened by cyber war. This applies primarily to western powers and fast developing countries. Cyberattack may easily be ordered through the internet. Such an attack is cheaper than an attack by conventional weapons and at the same time it causes bigger economic losses. It is obvious from the military standpoint that cyberattacks and defence against them have to be an indispensable part of military activities. The reason is that the military consider the internet and virtual space to be the fifth area of employment of their forces, besides land, air, water and space. It is stated in the hypotheses that cyber activities will be an inseparable part of future military operations. The key objective will be to achieve information supremacy or information dominance on the battlefield. Thus developed countries develop and introduce new cyber weapons with the aim of striking the enemy´s command and control structures, its logistics, transport, early warning systems and other vitally important military functions at any time upon receiving an order.
Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on Customer Loyalty in Indian Telecom Industry: The Moderating Role of Consumer Demographics

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The aspiration of this paper is to examine the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and service quality on customer loyalty and their relationship in the Indian telecommunication industry. A model was proposed and a total of 377 responses were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data were assessed and analyzed using PLS SEM. Multi-group analysis (MGA) was carried out to comprehend the moderating effect of gender, age, education, and income within the model. The results suggest that CSR does not have a direct impact on customer loyalty (CL), but there is an indirect effect when it is mediated through customer satisfaction (CS) and trust (Tr). Service quality (SQ) was found to have a direct impact on CL and while it is also mediated through CS. The results of the MGA revealed that customer satisfaction increases commitment towards customer loyalty and trust among male users. This study highlights that the modern customers are knowledgeable, more aware, and value companies which are focused on CSR activities.
A Case Study of Online MBA Courses

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This chapter presents a case study that examines the perceptions of online students and instructors regarding their experiences in a reputable online MBA program. The findings indicate that both the instructors and students exhibited a high level of satisfaction with their online experiences in the program and positive attitude toward online learning in general. This study also explores the in-depth views of the online participants on several key components of online business education, including online learning facilitation and interaction, virtual teamwork, and Case-Based Learning (CBL). The issues and challenges identified in the study indicate a need for the instructors and students to receive more guidance and support, technologically and pedagogically, in order to create a more engaging and fruitful online learning environment.
Kinetics and mechanism of electron transfer from phenolate anion to hexacyanoferrate (III) in aqueous alkaline media

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A kinetic reinvestigation of the title redox system in aqueous alkaline media at 35°C and an ionic strength of 0.5 mol dm −3 shows that the reaction follows a pseudosecond‐order Fe(CN) disappearance. While varying [phenol] 0 and [OH − ] exhibit a linear influence on the pseudo‐second‐order rate constant, varying[Fe(CN) ] 0 and [Fe(CN) ] 0 , initially taken, have a complicated inhibitory effect on the same. The major phenoloxidation products isolated under a chosen condition are 2,2′‐ and 4,4′‐ dihydroxydiphenyl. Results are interpreted in terms of a probable mechanism which envisages a reversible formation, by the first one‐electron transfer, of a reactive phenoxy radical (PhO ˙ ) which on the second one‐electron transfer forms a less reactive ion‐pair intermediate (stabilized by the Fe(CN) produced) to decompose rate‐determiningly to phenoxonium cation (PhO + ) and Fe(CN) , the product‐formation steps being very rapid and kinetically indistinguishable.
Measured Aerodynamic Interaction of Two Tiltrotors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The aerodynamic interaction of two model tiltrotors in helicopter-mode formation flight is investigated. Three scenarios representing tandem level flight, tandem operations near the ground, and a single tiltrotor operating above the ground for varying winds are examined. The effect of aircraft separation distance on the thrust and rolling moment of the trailing aircraft with and without the presence of a ground plane are quantified. Without a ground plane, the downwind aircraft experiences a peak rolling moment when the right (left) rotor of the upwind aircraft is laterally aligned with the left (right) rotor of the downwind aircraft. The presence of the ground plane causes the peak rolling moment on the downwind aircraft to occur when the upwind aircraft is further outboard of the downwind aircraft. Ground plane surface flow visualization images obtained using tufts and oil are used to understand mutual interaction between the two aircraft. These data provide guidance in determining tiltrotor flight formations which minimize disturbance to the trailing aircraft. Notation A rotor disk area, πR2 CMx aircraft roll moment coefficient, Mx /(ρ(ΩR) 2AR), positive right wing down CT aircraft thrust coefficient, aircraft thrust/(2ρ(ΩR)2A) D rotor diameter DW downwind Mtip blade tip Mach number, ΩR /sound speed Mx aircraft roll moment R rotor blade radius s wing semispan UW upwind x streamwise location of UW aircraft relative to DW aircraft, positive in drag direction y lateral location of UW aircraft relative to DW aircraft, positive to right (pilots view) z vertical location of UW aircraft relative to DW aircraft, positive up µ advance ratio, tunnel speed/ΩR Ω rotor rotational speed ρ air density σ rotor solidity
Acetylation of erythrocytic membrane peptides by aspirin

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Acetylation of erythrocytic membranes by aspirin has not been reported. When erythrocytes or erythrocytic membranes are incubated with [acetyl‐ 14 C]aspirin, there is good evidence of very tight binding to membrane peptides in concentrations known to occur in vivo , 20 to 200 µM. No such evidence is observed with [carboxy‐ 14 C] aspirin. This indicates acetylation of membrane peptides. Although pronounced selectivity is not observed among the different peptides by gel filtration on Bio‐Gel A‐5M and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, there is overall saturation with a half‐maximum at about 10 mM. The clinical significance of acetylation of membrane peptides of erythrocytes is unclear.
Ripple simulation based on mass-spring model and image space computation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Dynamic water surface simulation is one of the most challenging issues in computer graphics. This paper implement an effective method for simulating dynamic water ripple effect in real-time. In the method, the water surface is constructed as a mass-spring grid, and the motion status of each mass point can be computed with Hooke's law. Instead of computing the mass points' motion in three dimensional geometric space, we adopt a image-space computation approach: simulating the image deformation on each point caused by the water fluctuation to represent various dynamic water effects, including the refraction effect on water surface, wave propagation and wave attenuation. Experimental results show that the method can simulate water ripple effects realistically, and the real-time rendering performance can be achieved.
Depression

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Depression, a debilitating illness characterised by a persistent depressed mood that impairs normal function, exerts an enormous health and financial cost worldwide. Diagnosis of depression is complex, as not all people experience the same symptoms, with diagnosis based on a series of questions as no biological test is currently available. This is due to the fact that the causes of depression have yet to be fully elucidated, although development of depression appears to be dependent on both genetic and environmental factors. While there is no cure for depression, psychological, pharmacological and brain stimulation approaches successfully manage the symptoms of many patients. However, there are patients that are refractive to current treatments, highlighting the need for improved diagnostics and therapeutics. For this, increased understanding of the neurobiology underlying depression is necessary, requiring further research utilising both animal models of depression and human clinical studies. Key Concepts The diagnosis of depression is complex, is based on the types and duration of the symptoms and is commonly complicated by the presence of comorbid conditions. While there is no cure for depression, symptoms of depression can be managed through a variety of cognitive, pharmacological and brain stimulation approaches. Depression is thought to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Human imaging studies suggest that depression is correlated with activity changes in multiple brain regions. Animal models are necessary to investigate the neurobiological mechanisms that lead to depression and to test novel therapeutic strategies.
Survival and behavioural responses of cool and warm water fish sedated with AQUI-S®20E (10% eugenol) at high loading densities

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

This study evaluated the effects of AQUI-S®20E (10% eugenol) sedation on the survival and behaviour of yellow perch Perca flavescens (Mitchill) and Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L. held in high loading densities. Fish were held in 0–300 mg L−1 AQUI-S®20E (0–30 mg L−1 eugenol) for up to 10 h in static tanks. At 17°C, yellow perch held in 200 and 300 mg L−1 AQUI-S®20E were lightly sedated for up to 7 h. Yellow perch at 200 and 300 mg L−1 AQUI-S®20E also had >95% mean survival 7-days post exposure using loading densities up to 360 g L−1. Nile tilapia were only sedated for ≤3 h in concentrations up to 300 mg L−1 at 22°C and had >90% mean survival at loading densities ≤480 g L−1. Ammonia in tanks increased significantly as loading density increased, but treatment with AQUI–S®20E did not reduce ammonia accumulation. Results suggest that AQUI–S®20E was effective to sedate yellow perch and Nile tilapia at high loading densities, but sedation varied with loading density and species.
Searching for answers: a survey of metal-detector users in the UK

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The relationships between archaeologists and metal-detector users are often more complex than is realised, partly because little has been published to date on the dynamics that exist, though there is more about the artefactual information that has been gleaned through these relationships (see e.g. www.finds.org.uk/database). It is crucial to understand the drivers behind metal-detector users' activities, if archaeologists are to be able to communicate and interact meaningfully with this significant community concerning the treatment of archaeological heritage. Attendance at a selection of some of the most controversial of metal-detecting events in England, metal-detecting rallies, proved an important opportunity to access a large number of metal-detector users, and a chance to carry out a survey that focused on the metal-detector users themselves, rather than the archaeology or their impact on it. The ways in which rallies in England and Wales are conducted are the subject of continued debate between different organisations, with the Council for British Archaeology, for example, planning a guidance note for the promotion of archaeologically good practice. However, this paper focuses more on individual metal-detector users who go to such rallies, and what they can tell us about the opinions and drivers of metal-detector users in the UK in contemporary times.
Association of the Mitochondrial DNA 5178A/C Polymorphism with Diabetic Retinopathy in Chinese Type2 Diabetic Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To observe the relationship between diabetic retinopathy(DR) and the mitochondrial DNA 5178 adenine/cytosine(mt5178A/C) polymorphismin in Chinese type2 diabetic patients. Methods:A case control study for a total of 672 Chinese type 2 diabetic patients which were subdivided into three groups:518 without DR,145 with NPDR and 9 with PDR.The mt5178A/C was genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method (PCR-RFLP). Results:No significant difference in genotype distribution was observed among theNDR,NPDR and PDR groups. Conclusions:The Mt5178C/A polymorphism was not associated with the DR among Chinese type2 diabetic patients.
Impact of Sprinkler Irrigation Uniformity on the Variability of Sugar Beet Leaf N Content

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The main objective of this study was to determine spatial variability of sugar beet leaf N content affected by distribution pattern of urea fertigation. This study was conducted in Fesaran village, Isfahan Province of Iran and limited to sugar beet (monogerm seed) which is the fowth commercial crop in Isfahan Province. Urea applied through sprinkler irrigation (solid set system-removable sprinklers). Soil and sugar beet leaves samples were obtained to specify soil total N as well leaf N content. Results of soil and crop analysis were used to produce spatial variability maps through GS+ and ArcGIS 9.2 software. Semivariogram results were used to perform an ordinary kriging to obtain interpolated values of selected variables from the sample points through and across the study area. It was fmmd that there was a low variability of soil total N 4 days after fertigation as well as low variability in sugar beet leaf N content which indicates that the soil has a homogenous total N through and across the field and urea fertigated mriformly on sugar beet leaves. The results of urea fertigation through sprinklers indicate uniform fertigation makes low spatial variability of sugar beet leaf N content.
Network Neutrality and Provider Investment Incentives

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper develops and analyzes a game theoretic model to study how the network regime (neutral or non-neutral) affects provider investment incentives, network quality and user prices. We formulate the conditions under which a non-neutral network is more favorable for providers and users. Our results indicate that the non-neutral regime is more favorable when the advertising rate is either low or high. When the advertising rate is high relative to the end-users' sensitivity to price, it is beneficial that the transit provider be able to charge the content providers who are not attached directly to them. This has the affect of passing some of the advertising revenue to the transit providers which in turn incentivizes them to invest. Conversely when the advertising rate is low, it is beneficial for all parties for transit providers to pay the content providers, which has the affect of sharing end-user revenue with the content providers in order to incentivize their investment. When the advertising rate is in the intermediate range, the neutral regime can be preferable (in terms of social welfare) because it prevents the multiple-indemnization that occurs in the non-neutral regime because transport providers tend to over-charge. In that latter case, the degree by which the neutral regime is preferable increases with the number of transit providers.
Cognitive Safety: Modern Threats to Society and Their Neutralization

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article deals with the current state of the problem of ensuring the cognitive safety of Russian society. The scientific originality of the issues under consideration is provided by the classification of cognitive threats proposed by the authors and the possible directions of their implementation through the creation and promotion of the relevant subcultures as grounds for the development of psychologically adequate mechanisms of counteracting these threats. The paper formulates an idea of the essence of the psychological tools of cognitive warfare as a reformatting of meanings that form the system-forming elements of the ethnic picture of the world at the level of the second signal system.The authors consider the content of social ideologies at various stages of national history, draw conclusions about the priority of the activities of public authorities, the leadership of law enforcement agencies, the scientific and media community, public organizations on the formation of ideological values in the context of activation of the negative informational and psychological impact of destructive forces.
Videotape 21: Burlington Industries: Silver logo animation (one inch open reel videotape)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Series 5. Audiovisual Materials, 1948-1998. / Subseries 5.3. Video, 1970s-1998. / Subseries 5.3.1. Human Resources, Public Relations, and Other Videotapes, 1970s-1980s.
Enterobacter cancerogenus produces short chain N-3-oxo-acylhomoserine lactones quorum sensing molecules

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Enterobacter cancerogenus strain M004 genome size is 5.67 Mb. Here, its luxI homologue, designated as ecnI which is ecnI gene (633 bp) was cloned and overexpressed. Its AHL synthesis activity was verified using the high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed the production of N -(3-oxo-hexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C6-HSL) and N -(3-oxo-hexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C8-HSL). The cloning and characterization of luxI homologue of E. cancerogenus strain M004 was firstly reported here.