jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
O-18 ETHNIC DISPARITIES IN HISPANIC POPULATION WITH ALCOHOL ASSOCIATED LIVER DISEASE AND TRANSPLANT ENLISTED PATIENTS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF TWO LARGE DATABASES IN THE UNITED STATES FROM 2011-2018

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction and Objectives: there are different variables in patients with alcohol associated liver disease (ALD) and enlisted patients for liver transplant (LT), such as ethnicity, that determine health disparities in access, morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess and measure the impact of ethnicity in ALD and patients enlisted for LT. Materials and Methods: we conducted a retrospective study using U.S databases, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) from 2011 to 2018. We created a multivariate model analyzing the clinical characteristics of the interviewed patients for NHANES. Alcohol consumption and ethnicity were self-reported. We also created a competing risks model for time to LT in enlisted patients. Results: of the 39,156 interviewed patients, 17.1% identified as Hispanic. In this group, the prevalence of ALD was 9.0% and the average consumption of pure alcohol was 2.3 L/year. The multivariate-adjusted model showed that Hispanics were independently associated with a higher risk of ALD (OR 1.30; 95%CI: 1.05-1.60, p=0.018). Of the enlisted patients, 13.6% were Hispanic. White ethnicity, lower age, male sex, higher MELD score, renal failure, lower BMI, higher education and private insurance were associated with a higher rate of LT. Hispanics were independently associated with a lower LT (HR 0.80; 95%CI: 0.74-0.87, p<0.001). Conclusions: ethnicity is an important factor in healthcare outcomes. This is a growing area of interest, and research should be carried out to better our understanding of the impact that these disparities have on patients. Studying ethnic minority groups is needed to enable researchers to face the challenges of reducing and ultimately eliminating health disparities.
The impact of fencing training symmetrisation on simple reaction time

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract Study aim : The symmetrisation of movements can be a way to develop individual coordinative skills, and to prevent the occur-rence of injuries. For this reason, in this study an attempt was made to evaluate and compare simple reaction time and movement time for épée fencers of different sports classes, and to determine the impact that three years of symmetrisation training and unilateral training have on the speed of reaction components and on dynamical asymmetry. Material and methods : The study was conducted on 60 women épée fencers of different sports classes, and it was repeated in two groups after three years of unilateral and symmetrisation training. Simple reaction time and movement time for the dominant and the non-dominant hand were analysed using Vienna Test System. Results : Women épée fencers of high sports class were characterised by a significantly faster reaction time than their less experienced colleagues. In tests conducted after three years of symmetrisation training, athletes from the experimental group achieved also much better results in reaction time (RT) than those from the control group training with the unilateral method. Conclusions : Long-time unilateral training of master class women épée fencers led to dynamical asymmetry, which in the future could cause injuries and have a negative impact on the development of selected motor skills. Symmetrical training conducted in the experimental group had a positive impact on reaction time indicators as well as on movement time indicators, and it prevented the occurrence of dynamical asymmetry in the tested competitors. Thus, it can be inferred that symmetrical exercises will have a positive impact on training effectiveness and on versatility of athletes.
A novel compact microstrip bandstop filter based on complementary split-ring resonators

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ab]In this paper, a novel compact microstrip bandstop filter using complimentary split ring resonators (CSRRs) is proposed. The bandstop is produced by an array of CSRRs etched on the center line of a microstrip. This behavior is due to the presence of negative effective permittivity and positive permeability near resonant frequency which prevent the wave propagation. We have achieved controllable resonance frequency, super compact dimension, low insertion losses in the passband and high level of rejection in the stopband with sharp cutoff. Because of the sub-wavelength operation of CSRRs, the electrical size of the filter is very small. Additionally, it can be easily fabricated and compatible with MMIC or PCB technology. The proposed device is believed to be a very promising novel structure of microstrip bandstop filter based on CSRRs.
Flood Forecasting Based on TIGGE Precipitation Ensemble Forecast

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

TIGGE (THORPEX International Grand Global Ensemble) was a major part of the THORPEX (Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment). It integrates ensemble precipitation products from all the major forecast centers in the world and provides systematic evaluation on the multimodel ensemble prediction system. Development of meteorologic-hydrologic coupled flood forecasting model and early warning model based on the TIGGE precipitation ensemble forecast can provide flood probability forecast, extend the lead time of the flood forecast, and gain more time for decision-makers to make the right decision. In this study, precipitation ensemble forecast products from ECMWF, NCEP, and CMA are used to drive distributed hydrologic model TOPX. We focus on Yi River catchment and aim to build a flood forecast and early warning system. The results show that the meteorologic-hydrologic coupled model can satisfactorily predict the flow-process of four flood events. The predicted occurrence time of peak discharges is close to the observations. However, the magnitude of the peak discharges is significantly different due to various performances of the ensemble prediction systems. The coupled forecasting model can accurately predict occurrence of the peak time and the corresponding risk probability of peak discharge based on the probability distribution of peak time and flood warning, which can provide users a strong theoretical foundation and valuable information as a promising new approach.
Electronic structure of room-temperature ferromagnetic Mg1−xFexOy thin films

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We present herein a soft x-ray spectroscopy study on the electronic and magnetic properties of Mg1−xFexOy thin films. A distinct shoulder feature on the absorption edge reflecting the unoccupied oxygen 2p states is evident in the intrinsic thin films, which diminishes upon Fe doping, while a pre-edge absorption feature (reflecting the O 2p-Fe 3d acceptor state) evolves with the same. Our findings demonstrate the reduction in the intrinsic holes as a result of charge-transfer hole doping. All the thin films display room-temperature ferromagnetism, and the saturation magnetization is found to increase from ca. 0.70 → 4.34 emu/cm3 on 7 at. % Fe doping.
Loss of bronchial epithelial E-cadherin results in spontaneous airway remodeling and eosinophilic inflammation and exaggerated responses to house-dust mite

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It is unknown whether impaired barrier function and reduced expression of adherens and tight junction proteins in the airway epithelium of asthmatic patients is cause or consequence of asthma pathogenesis. Here, we test the hypothesis that loss of E-cadherin in airway epithelial cells critically contributes to the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. To this end, we established mice with conditional loss of E-cadherin in the airway epithelium (Cdh1fl/fl Cre+), and compared these to Cre-negative littermates. Naïve mice were examined for lung anatomy and inflammation at several ages, and after House Dust Mite treatment (HDM) in 4 week old mice. Cdh1fl/fl Cre+ mice were viable and displayed no gross abnormalities in lung development. However, pro-inflammatory activation of the airway epithelium was evident from CCL17 and MIP3α production, and inflammatory dendritic cells and eosinophils accumulated in lungs of naïve Cdh1fl/fl Cre+ mice. Cdh1fl/fl Cre+ mice display spontaneous goblet cell metaplasia and hypoplasia of ciliated and secretory airway epithelial cells in the bronchioles. Exposure of 4-week old Cdh1fl/fl Cre+ mice to HDM induced strongly exaggerated eosinophilic airway inflammation compared to Cre- littermates. These data show that airway epithelial loss of E-cadherin induces spontaneous changes characteristic of an asthmatic phenotype, and strongly enhances sensitivity to HDM-induced allergic airway inflammation. Hence, loss of E-cadherin is not merely a consequence of disease, but contributes to asthma pathogenesis, identifying epithelial integrity as a target for novel therapeutic strategies.
Therapeutic intervention of proanthocyanidins on the migration capacity of melanoma cells is mediated through PGE2 receptors and β-catenin signaling molecules.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Melanoma is a highly aggressive form of skin cancer and a leading cause of death from skin diseases mainly due to its propensity to metastasis. Due to metastatic tendency, melanoma is often associated with activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling mechanism. Blocking β-catenin activation may be a good strategy to block melanoma-associated mortality. We have shown earlier that grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) inhibit melanoma cell migration via targeting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) overexpression. Here we explored further whether inhibition of inflammatory mediators-mediated activation of β-catenin by GSPs is associated with the inhibition of melanoma cell migration. Our study revealed that PGE2 receptors (EP2 and EP4) agonists promote melanoma cell migration while PGE2 receptor antagonist suppressed the migration capacity of melanoma cells. GSPs treatment inhibit butaprost (EP2 agonist) or Cay10580 (EP4 agonist) induced migration of melanoma cells. Western blot analysis revealed that GSPs reduced cellular accumulation of β-catenin, and decreased the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and MITF, downstream targets of β-catenin in melanoma cells. GSPs also reduced the protein expressions of PI3K and p-Akt in the same set of experiment. To verify that β-catenin is a specific molecular target of GSPs, we compared the effect of GSPs on cell migration of β-catenin-activated (Mel1241) and β-catenin-inactivated (Mel1011) melanoma cells. GSPs inhibit cell migration of Mel1241 cells but not of Mel1011 cells. Additionally, in vivo bioluminescence imaging data indicate that dietary administration of GSPs (0.5%, w/w) in supplementation with AIN76A control diet inhibited the migration/extravasation of intravenously injected melanoma cells in lungs of immune-compromised nude mice, and that this effect of GSPs was associated with an inhibitory effect on the activation of β-catenin and its downstream targets, such as MMPs, in lungs as a target organ.
Safety of testosterone therapy indicated for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in postmenopausal women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) is a common sexual disorder in postmenopausal women. Testosterone therapy is a possible option for treatment of HSDD in postmenopausal women, although there are concerns over the safety of testosterone use. Clinical trial data have been limited so far, although more trial results are awaited. Additionally, there is a lack of larger long-term observational studies which have addressed this issue, identifying research gaps in this topic. Androgenic disorders, such as hirsutism, are established adverse effects of testosterone use in women. However, the relationship between breast cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer and cardiovascular events with testosterone therapy is unclear in postmenopausal women, given the available evidence. As such, any preexisting risk factors for these events may be considered in patients treated with testosterone, along with the acceptability of potential androgenic adverse effects that the patient may experience. Overall, there is still a lack of clarity on the safety of using testosterone therapy for HSDD in postmenopausal women and data from further studies are needed to draw a firm conclusion.
STRENGTH EVALUATION METHOD OF A COMPOSITE COLUMN OF NON-SYMMETRIC CROSS SECTION

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Exterior columns of Steel-Reinforced Concrete (SRC) structures are often composed of non-symmetric steel sections (e.g., tee section) embedded in concrete. However, due to the non-symmetricity, the full plastic moments in the weak-axis bending are not explicitly available for such SRC columns. The current design code (i.e., the AIJ standard for structural calculation of SRC structures) has a provision for weak-axis calculations but, in some cases, may lead to significant underestimation of member strength due to its poor approximation. This paper proposes new approximate design formulas with good accuracy for the weak-axis bending and bi-axial bending full plastic moments for non-symmetric SRC columns. The proposed design formula shows great agreements with high-fidelity numerical solutions.
A Collagen-Binding Adhesin, Acb, and Ten Other Putative MSCRAMM and Pilus Family Proteins of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus ( Streptococcus bovis Group, Biotype I)

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Members of the Streptococcus bovis group are important causes of endocarditis. However, factors associated with their pathogenicity, such as adhesins, remain uncharacterized. We recently demonstrated that endocarditis-derived Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus isolates frequently adhere to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Here, we generated a draft genome sequence of an ECM protein-adherent S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus strain and found, by genome-wide analyses, 11 predicted LPXTG-type cell wall-anchored proteins with characteristics of MSCRAMMs, including a modular architecture of domains predicted to adopt immunoglobulin (Ig)-like folding. A recombinant segment of one of these, Acb, showed high-affinity binding to immobilized collagen, and cell surface expression of Acb correlated with the presence of acb and collagen adherence of isolates. Three of the 11 proteins have similarities to major pilus subunits and are organized in separate clusters, each including a second Ig-fold-containing MSCRAMM and a class C sortase, suggesting that the sequenced strain encodes three distinct types of pili. Reverse transcription-PCR demonstrated that all three genes of one cluster, acb - sbs7 - srtC1 , are cotranscribed, consistent with pilus operons of other gram-positive bacteria. Further analysis detected expression of all 11 genes in cells grown to mid to late exponential growth phases. Wide distribution of 9 of the 11 genes was observed among S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus isolates with fewer genes present in other S. bovis group species/subspecies. The high prevalence of genes encoding putative MSCRAMMs and pili, including a collagen-binding MSCRAMM, among S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus isolates may play an important role in the predominance of this subspecies in S. bovis endocarditis.
Effects of Home-Visit Program with Cognitive-Stimulating Activities on Cognitive Function and Memory Self-efficacy of an Elderly with Dementia Special Rating : Single Subject

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

본 연구는 가정방문 인지자극 활동이 치매특별등급(5등급) 노인의 인지기능 및 기억 자기효능감에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구기간 및 대상은 2019년 2월 11일부터 4월 26일까지 G광역시에 거주 하는 65세 여성 1명으로, 개별대상연구의 A-B-A´설계를 사용하였다.BR 초기 진단을 받은 치매특별등급(5등급)의 경증치매 노인에게 비교적 접근성이 쉽고, 스스로 생각하고 풀어갈 수 있는 수준의 신체·인지자극 활동을 병행함으로써 지적능력을 반복적으로 자극하여 저하된 인지기능을 완화시켰고, 일상생활에서 친숙한 글자, 숫자, 신체 움직임 등을 이용한 단기기억 및 회상 활동을 지속적으로 훈련함으로써 저하된 기억력과 집중력의 인지기능에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 이는 인지자극 활동이 초기 경증치매 노인들에게 센터, 복지관 등의 특정장소를 벗어나 가정에서 손쉽게 접근 가능한 치매예방프로그램임을 확인하였다.BR 따라서 본 연구의 인지자극 활동은 치매특별등급(5등급) 노인의 인지기능 및 두드러지는 기억저하에 긍정적 영향을 미칠 수 있는 효과적 중재로의 가능성을 확인하였기에, 적극적인 실용 방안을 제안하는 바이다.
The effect of various breath‐hold techniques on the cardiorespiratory response to facial immersion in humans

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Repeated maximal breath‐holds have been demonstrated to induce bradycardia, increase haematocrit and haemoglobin and prolong subsequent breath‐hold duration by 20%. Freedivers use non‐maximal breath‐hold techniques (BHTs) to improve breath‐hold duration. The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiorespiratory and haematological responses to various BHTs. Ten healthy men (34.5 ± 1.9 years) attended five randomized experimental trials and performed a 40 min period of quiet rest or one of three BHTs followed by a maximal breath‐hold challenge during facial immersion in water at 30 or 10°C. Cardiovascular and respiratory parameters were measured continuously using finger plethysmography and breath‐by‐breath gas analysis, respectively, and venous blood samples were collected throughout. Facial immersion in cold water caused marked bradycardia (74.1 vs. 50.2 beats/min after 40 s) but did not increase breath‐hold duration compared with warm water control conditions. Facial immersion breath‐hold duration was 30.8–43.3% greater than the control duration when preceded by BHTs that involved repeated breath‐holds of constant duration ( P = 0.021), increasing duration ( P < 0.001) or increasing frequency ( P < 0.001), with no difference observed between BHTs. The increased duration of apnoea across all three BHT protocols was associated with a 6.8% increase in end‐tidal O 2 and a 13.1% decrease in end‐tidal CO 2 immediately before facial immersion. There were no differences in blood pressure, cardiac output, heart rate, haematocrit or haemoglobin between each BHT and control conditions ( P > 0.05). In conclusion, the duration of apnoea can be extended by manipulating blood gases through repeated prior breath‐holds, but changes in cardiac output and red blood cell mass do not appear essential.
Stability and bone loss around submerged and non-submerged implants in diabetic and non-diabetic patients: a 7-year follow-up

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

To evaluate peri-implant bone loss (PIBL) and stability around submerged and non-submerged dental implants in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thirty-five T2DM and non-diabetic (NT2DM) patients were included in this study. Demographic data were recorded using a questionnaire and PIBL was measured on digital radiographs. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) was carried out for each implant at the time of fixture placement and at 3 months in both groups. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. One hundred and eighteen dental implants with a mean height of 10 to 12 mm and 3.3 to 4.1 mm in diameter were placed. The comparison of the mean RFA values at baseline and at 3 months was statistically significant (p = 0.008) in T2DM patients. The inter-group mean RFA values at baseline and at 3 months were not significant (p > 0.05). PIBL was significantly high in T2DM as compared to NT2DM patients at each follow-up (p < 0.05). At 2, 3, and 7 years, non-submerged dental implants showed significantly high PIBL in T2DM patients as compared to NT2DM individuals (p<0.05). The results of the present clinical study demonstrate increased PIBL around non-submerged single-tooth implant-supported restorations in T2DM patients, which may be due to the immune inflammatory status.
Protein expression in retinoic acid treated HL60 cells with two-dimensional electrophoresis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To analyze the protein expression in myeloid leukaemia cell line HL60 with retinoic acid treatment. Methods Cytobiological methods were used to observe the morphology of HL60 cells treated with retinoic acid. NBT positive cells were counted with NBT test. The differences of protein expressions in HL60 cells treated with 2×10 -7 mol/L retinoic acid was analyzed through the results from two dimensional electrophoresis. Results HL60 cells were induced to differentiate along the monocytic or granulocytic pathways with retinoic acid. The morphology of the treated cells was significantly different from control. This treatment resulted in 90% of NBT positive cells, and the control is as lower as 5%. By two dimensional electrophoresis, 7 protein spots were detected in control cells, while 14 protein spots in treated cells. Conclusion The expressions of some proteins are increased and some reduced in HL60 cells after retinoic acid treatment.
Prokaryotic expression of a Thunberg fritillary mosaic virus CP gene and antiserum preparation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Wei, C. B., Wu, Q. Y., Yang, Y. and Liu, C. Y. 2012. Prokaryotic expression of a Thunberg fritillary mosaic virus CP gene and antiserum preparation. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 495–500. Fritillaria anhuiensis is a valued traditional Chinese medicinal plant. Thunberg fritillary mosaic virus (TFMV) was found to cause mosaic symptoms. Virus particles of the Lu'an isolate were purified and its RNA genome was extracted. cDNA was synthesized from the RNA and specific PCR primers were used to amplify the virus coat protein (CP) gene. It shared 96.8% nucleotide identity and 97.6% amino acid identity with the sequences of CPs from the other TFMV isolates. The CP gene was inserted into pSBET and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) plys S strain. The expressed protein was first purified by 12% (wt/vol) SDS-PAGE and subsequently by 5–20% (wt/vol) gradient SDS-PAGE. Antiserum against the CP was raised in mouse and its specificity was confirmed by Western blot analysis suggesting that it may be useful for detecting the virus.
A case report: Still's disease in adults, clinical exacerbation due to anxiety

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Medwave es una revista electrónica revisada por pares y de acceso gratuito, que contiene artículos originales de revisión sobre determinantes clínicos, sociales, políticos y económicos en salud, y de investigación en el ámbito clínico y biomédico. Medwave is an online-only, peer-reviewed and open Access biomedical general journal with original review articles con clinical, social, political and economic determinants of health, and research articles on clinical and biomedical aspects.