jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Termination Access of Unregistered Private Scope Electronic System Operators in Human Rights Perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The policy of terminating access to Private Scope Electronic System Operators, to several internet platforms including: Paypal, Yahoo, Epic Games, Steam, Dota, Counter Strike, Xandr.com, and Origin, which occurred on July 30, 2022. The government's policy in terminating access to unregistered private scope electronic system operators has resulted in material and immaterial losses to citizens who use the platform of unregistered private scope electronic system operators. This research uses normative legal research method, that using a statutory, conceptual, and cases approach to analyze issues related to the termination of access to unregistered Private Scope PSEs. This research concludes that the government's policy of terminating access to unregistered private electronic system operators is contrary to human rights regulation. These rights include the right to access, communicate and obtain information and the right to an economy for citizens who are harmed by the termination of access to unregistered private scope electronic system operators.
Quantum and Classical Dynamics with Random Permutation Circuits

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Understanding thermalisation in quantum many-body systems is among the most enduring problems in modern physics. A particularly interesting question concerns the role played by quantum mechanics in this process, i.e. whether thermalisation in quantum many-body systems is fundamentally different from that in classical many-body systems and, if so, which of its features are genuinely quantum. Here we study this question in minimally structured many-body systems which are only constrained to have local interactions, i.e. local random circuits. We introduce a class of random permutation circuits (RPCs), where the gates locally permute basis states modelling generic microscopic classical dynamics, and compare them to random unitary circuits (RUCs), a standard toy model for generic quantum dynamics. We show that, like RUCs, RPCs permit the analytical computation of several key quantities such as out-of-time order correlators (OTOCs), or entanglement entropies. RPCs can be interpreted both as quantum or classical dynamics, which we use to find similarities and differences between the two. Performing the average over all random circuits, we discover a series of exact relations, connecting quantities in RUC and (quantum) RPCs. In the classical setting, we obtain similar exact results relating (quantum) purity to (classical) growth of mutual information and (quantum) OTOCs to (classical) decorrelators. Our results indicate that despite of the fundamental differences between quantum and classical systems, their dynamics exhibits qualitatively similar behaviours.
Alpha decay studies of {sup 189}Bi{sup m}, {sup 190}Po and {sup 180 }Pb using a rapidly rotating recoil catcher wheel system

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The {alpha} decays of very neutron deficient nuclei near the Z = 82 closed proton shell are of interest because they provide us with structure information that is relevant with regard to the shell model. We used a rapidly rotating recoil catcher wheel system to study the {alpha} decays of {sup 189}Bi{sup {ital m}}, {sup 190}Po, and {sup 180}Pb. The system works as follows. Recoils from the back of the target, after passing through an Al degrader placed behind the target, are stopped in 300-{mu}g/cm{sup 2} Al catcher foils fixed at the edges of the wheel. These are inclined at an angle of 20 degrees with respect to the beam to maximize the catcher efficiency while keeping the thickness that {alpha} particles must travel in order to emerge of the Al foil to a minimum. This arrangement results in an effective thickness of {approx} 900 {mu}g/cm{sup 2} for recoils, but only 150 {mu}g/cm{sup 2} for the emitted {alpha} particles. Stopped recoils are then rotated between an array of 6 Si detectors in series (solid angle of 8% of 4{pi}). Half-life information can be obtained by determining the difference in counts between the detectors. This instrument has proven to be an effective tool for the study of nuclei far from stability with half-lives in the range of 1-50 ms.
Solution to Electric Field Screening in Diamond Quantum Electrometers

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

There are diverse interdisciplinary applications for nanoscale-resolution electrometry of elementary charges under ambient conditions. These include characterization of two-dimensional electronics, charge transfer in biological systems, and measurement of fundamental physical phenomena. The nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond is uniquely capable of such measurements, however electrometry thus far has been limited to charges within the same diamond lattice. It has been hypothesized that the failure to detect charges external to diamond is due to quenching and surface screening, but no proof, model, or design to overcome this has yet been proposed. In this work we affirm this hypothesis through a comprehensive theoretical model of screening and quenching within a diamond electrometer and propose a solution using controlled nitrogen doping and a fluorine-terminated surface. We conclude that successful implementation requires further work to engineer diamond surfaces with lower surface-defect concentrations.
Multiple Race Inoculation as an Option in Breeding for Resistance to C. Lindemuthianum In Common Beans

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Bean anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum causes severe common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield losses of up to 100% worldwide. Breeding for resistance is the best method to mitigate this problem. The objective of this study was to investigate the appropriateness of C. lindemuthianum multiple race inoculation in breeding for resistance to C. lindemuthianum in common bean. Seven parents with varying reactions to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum were mated in all possible combinations to generate fourty-two progeny crosses. These crosses together with their parents were evaluated in the green house for their reaction to C. lindemuthianum. The experiment was laid out following a Completely Randomised Design (CRD) with four replications. The treatments used were: (1) inoculation with race 54; (2) inoculation with race 311 and (3) multiple inoculation of race 54 X race 311. The mean genotypic score among treatments were found to be 1.76, 2.62 and 3.06 for treatments 1, 2 and 3 respectively. There were significant differences (P
A thematic content analysis of suicide notes from South Africa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Suicide remains a serious public health problem nationally and globally. Rates of completed suicide in South Africa are reported to be 13.25 per 100,000. Data are needed to assist in the understanding of suicide and to inform evidence-based prevention efforts. This article presents the first known thematic analysis of suicide notes from South Africa. A sample of 24 suicide notes was collected from three independent sites located in Johannesburg and Durban. Thematic analysis yielded 12 themes that showed marked similarity to themes reported in comparable international studies. Two themes – ‘Expressions of love and gratitude’ and ‘Concern for those left behind’ – were found to be unique in relation to the international literature. It is recommended that further research on suicide notes be conducted in South Africa, using a standard coding scheme.
Materials Data on Y3Ni2 by Materials Project

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Ni2Y3 crystallizes in the tetragonal P4_12_12 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are seven inequivalent Y sites. In the first Y site, Y is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to six Ni atoms. There are a spread of Y–Ni bond distances ranging from 2.79–3.66 Å. In the second Y site, Y is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four Ni atoms. There are a spread of Y–Ni bond distances ranging from 2.73–3.40 Å. In the third Y site, Y is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five Ni atoms. There are a spread of Y–Ni bond distances ranging from 2.79–3.42 Å. In the fourth Y site, Y is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four Ni atoms. There are two shorter (2.79 Å) and two longer (2.81 Å) Y–Ni bond lengths. In the fifth Y site, Y is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four Ni atoms. There are two shorter (2.73 Å) and two longer (3.03 Å) Y–Ni bond lengths. In the sixth Y site, Y is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six Ni atoms. There are a spread of Y–Ni bond distances ranging from 2.86–3.01 Å. In the seventh Y site, Y is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five Ni atoms. There are a spread of Y–Ni bond distances ranging from 2.76–2.94 Å. There are four inequivalent Ni sites. In the first Ni site, Ni is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to eight Y and one Ni atom. The Ni–Ni bond length is 2.62 Å. In the second Ni site, Ni is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to eight Y and one Ni atom. The Ni–Ni bond length is 2.50 Å. In the third Ni site, Ni is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to seven Y and two Ni atoms. The Ni–Ni bond length is 2.52 Å. In the fourth Ni site, Ni is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to seven Y and two Ni atoms.
Level of decorin as a small leucin rich proteoglycan in knee osteoarthritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic joint illness distinguished by the gradual cartilage loss of extracellular matrix and subsequent disturbance in chondrocyte biology.Decorin is a small leucin-rich proteoglycan that provides physical linkage among both molecules of aggrecan and collagen II fibrils.It is an important structural component of matrix integrity and cartilage biomechanical function.Its level helps to determine OA grading and subsequently management.Objective: to measure the serum decorin levels in knee OA patients and to explore their association with clinical manifestations and disease severity. Methodology:In this case-control study, 50 patients with varying grades of knee OA were compared to 50 age-and sexmatched seemingly healthy people as controls.The serum decorin level in both groups has been measured using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.Results: There had been a highly statistically significant elevation in serum decorin in the OA patient group, with a median of 52.4 (9.8-66.8)compared to 8.6 (6.6-9.13)in the control group, and there was a significant positive correlation (p<0.05) between decorin level and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC). Conclusion:Serum decorin has been significantly elevated in the patient group and its level correlates positively with WOMAC.
Open and inclusive: fair processes for financing universal health coverage

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Does fairness matter? This report argues that, in key areas of public policy making, it does. And that, in policy decisions related to health financing, there are reliable ways for countries to bring fairness about. The report offers decision support on fair processes for policy choices relating to health financing for universal health coverage (UHC). It opens by making the case for why fair processes matter for health financing. It argues that procedural fairness contributes to fairer outcomes, strengthens the legitimacy of decision processes, builds trust in authorities, and promotes the sustainability of reforms on the path to UHC. The report then describes key health financing decisions with an impact on equity in service coverage and financial protection, where issues of procedural fairness are particularly important. Next, it offers principles and criteria for designing and assessing the processes around these health financing decisions and provides suggestions for how to make them fairer. Finally, the report examines country experiences with diverse instruments that can be used to operationalize principles and criteria for fair processes in health financing decision-making.
Subversive Seas: Anticolonial Networks across the Twentieth-Century Dutch Empire. By Kris Alexanderson (New York, Cambridge University Press, 2019) 300 pp. $99.99

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

June 01 2020 Subversive Seas: Anticolonial Networks across the Twentieth-Century Dutch Empire Subversive Seas: Anticolonial Networks across the Twentieth-Century Dutch Empire. By KrisAlexanderson (New York, Cambridge University Press, 2019) 300 pp. $99.99 Nicholas J. White Nicholas J. White Liverpool John Moores University Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Nicholas J. White Liverpool John Moores University Online Issn: 1530-9169 Print Issn: 0022-1953 © 2020 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and The Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Inc.2020by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and The Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Inc. The Journal of Interdisciplinary History (2020) 51 (1): 155–156. https://doi.org/10.1162/jinh_r_01537 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Search Site Citation Nicholas J. White; Subversive Seas: Anticolonial Networks across the Twentieth-Century Dutch Empire. The Journal of Interdisciplinary History 2020; 51 (1): 155–156. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/jinh_r_01537 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsThe Journal of Interdisciplinary History Search Advanced Search Through a focus on the leading Dutch imperial shipping lines operating during the inter-war era, Subversive Seas stresses that European imperialism “did not merely exist within the spaces of metropole and colony but rather was a transoceanic and transnational project spanning the globe,” and that maritime imperial systems “both supported and subverted terrestrial empire” (255–256). Indeed, Alexanderson shows that threats to the rust en orde of the Dutch colonial realm emanated from a wider oceanic milieu than merely the Indonesian archipelago—for example, from the Middle East, China, and Japan. Much of Dutch policing and intelligence gathering focused on these wider maritime networks of potential subversion. Dutch shipping companies were intimately involved in these counter-subversion efforts, which also extended to thwart Japanese... © 2020 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and The Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Inc.2020by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and The Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Inc. You do not currently have access to this content.
2-(4,5,6,7-Tetrafluorobenzimidazol-2-yl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro-1-\n<i>H</i>-imidazole-3-oxide-1-oxyl, A Hydrogen-Bonded Organic\nQuasi-1D Ferromagnet

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The title radical (F4BImNN) is a stable nitronylnitroxide that forms hydrogen-bonded NH···ON\nchains in the solid state. The chains assemble the F4BImNN molecules to form stacked contacts between\nthe radical groups, in a geometry that is expected to exhibit ferromagnetic (FM) exchange based on spin\npolarization (SP) models. The experimental magnetic susceptibility of F4BImNN confirms the expectation,\nshowing 1-D Heisenberg chain FM exchange behavior over 1.8−300 K with an intrachain exchange constant\nof <i>J</i><sub>chain</sub>/<i>k</i> = +22 K. At lower temperatures, ac magnetic susceptibility and variable field heat capacity\nmeasurements show that F4BImNN acts as a quasi-1-D ferromagnet. The dominant ferromagnetic exchange\ninteraction is attributable to overlap between spin orbitals of molecules within the hydrogen-bonded chains,\nconsistent with the SP model expectations. The chains appear to be antiferromagnetically exchange coupled,\ngiving cusps in the ac susceptibility and zero field heat capacity at lower temperatures. The results indicate\nthat the sample orders magnetically at about 0.7 K. The magnetic heat capacity ordering cusp shifts to\nlower temperatures as external magnetic field increases, consistent with forming a bulk antiferromagnetic\nphase below a Néel temperature of <i>T</i><sub>N</sub>(0) = 0.72 K, with a critical field of <i>H</i><sub>c</sub> ≈ 1800 Oe. The interchain\nexchange is estimated to be <i>zJ</i>/<i>k</i> ≅ (−)0.1 K.
One vendor, two centres, three generations of CT hardware - A decade of dose reduction in paediatric cardiothoracic CT

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Poster: EuroSafe Imaging 2017 / ESI-0008 / One vendor, two centres, three generations of hardware - A decade of dose reduction in paediatric cardiothoracic CT by: R. Semple1, T. Minden1, N. Gartland1, I. Castellano2, M. Holubinka1, M. Rubens1, S. P. G. Padley3, E. Nicol1, C. Owens4; 1 London/UK, 2The Royal Marsden Hospital London/UK, 3Hospital London/UK, 4Department of Radiology London/UK
Infections and vaccinations as possible triggers of inflammatory myopathies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Introduction The role of vaccinations and infections in triggering idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) has not been confirmed. Methods Among patients with histologically confirmed myositis, infections or vaccinations administered prior to myositis onset were determined. The characteristics of this group were compared with controls (myositis patients without prior infection or vaccination). Results The frequency of IIM with a prior vaccination was 20 of 206 (9.7%), infection was 29 of 206 (14%), and either vaccination or infection was 49 of 206 (23.8%). Dermatomyositis (DM) was more frequent among patients with preceding vaccination ( P = 0.03) or prior infections ( P = 0.02) than among controls. Antibodies to Ro52 were more frequent among patients with preceding vaccination than among controls ( P = 0.002). Discussion Although causality is not shown, the occurrence of prior infection or vaccination in 24% of patients with IIM prompts further inquiry. The overrepresentation of DM in those with preceding vaccination and the possible role of antibodies to Ro52 in susceptibility to vaccine‐induced myositis require confirmation. Muscle Nerve 56 : 987–989, 2017
Reverse Faber-Krahn inequality for the $p$-Laplacian in Hyperbolic space

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we study the shape optimization problem for the first eigenvalue of the $p$-Laplace operator with the mixed Neumann-Dirichlet boundary conditions on multiply-connected domains in hyperbolic space. Precisely, we establish that among all multiply-connected domains of a given volume and prescribed $(n-1)$-th quermassintegral of the convex Dirichlet boundary (inner boundary), the concentric annular region produces the largest first eigenvalue. We also derive Nagy's type inequality for outer parallel sets of a convex domain in the hyperbolic space.
‘Citizens of Saints’: Creating Christian Community in Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Laud Misc. 23

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Although the Middle English texts broadly categorized as 'devotional literature' have received considerable scholarly attention in recent years, much work remains to be done on the cultural meanings and textual transformations of vernacular religious writing during the later medieval period and into the sixteenth century. During these years, popular (but still little-studied) late medieval works such as the Pore Caitif circulated in varied forms amid changing circumstances: the expansion of audiences for Middle English texts, the emergence and persecution of Lollardy, attempts at ecclesiastical censorship, the advent of printing, and the Henrician Reformation. How did Middle English religious texts answer changing cultural and practical needs and the requirements of orthodoxy? How did older texts find new readers; how did these readers alter and deploy them? This collection capitalizes on widespread current interest in these questions, gathering original essays that analyse the many forms, meanings, and legacies of Middle English religious writing.
Numerical study and development of component model on the behaviour of simple beam-column joints in steel structures for progressive collapse

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Several historical collapses of structures have drawn attention to the study of structural behaviour under progressive collapse, especially after the World Trade Centre terrorists attack. All these incidents have shown that failure of structures usually started from beam-column joints when exposed to extreme loadings, i.e. when the load-bearing column is removed or severely damaged. However, catenary action usually develops to give an alternate load path if the beam-column joints are robust enough to undertake the loads; thus, progressive collapse which is also known as ‘domino effect’ is unlikely to occur. This report investigates the behaviour of fin plate connection when subjected to column removal scenarios. Numerical simulations were conducted using ABAQUS and validated with experimental results from literature review to better understand the behaviour of fin plate connections; parametric studies were further conducted to study the effects of different parameters in overall behaviour; the parameters included: beam span length, bolt diameter, end distance and fin plate thickness. Component-based models were proposed as an alternative study to explore the behaviour of fin plate connections. The fin plate connection was broken down into two main components: single bolt row and beam/column flange. To have a better understanding of the connection, several elements were considered in each of the components. The constitutive relationship of the components were obtained from a formulated Excel spreadsheet and validated with experimental results using CONNECTOR elements in ABAQUS.
Closure to “Effect of Fertigation on Soil Salinization and Aggregate Stability” by J. M. Moreira Barradas, A. Abdelfattah, S. Matula, and F. Dolezal

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The authors would like to thank the discussers for their interest and appreciation of this research. • The discussers extracted information from the graphs of ethanol extract (EC) evolution at all depths into Table 1, which seems correctly done. The information discussed was correctly interpreted as being related only to the first 10-cm layer (where salinization and consequent recovering seem to have been more significant). • The authors have chosen the nutritive solution commonly used for tomato, which is the Hoagland solution by default for a reason, which is that the Hoagland solution is commonly used in a number of different crops with good results in all of them. Nevertheless, the point of this study is not to analyze these minor differences on the crop performance using different nutritive balances according to the fertigation efficiency index (FEI) (Moreira Barradas et al. 2012) but rather the effect of the solution on the soil. • The discussers are incorrect when stating that “more fertilizer resulted in higher dry matter production” because the differential of EC between solutions A and B was obtained by addition of sodium bicarbonate (in order to simulate the use of groundwater with high contents of bicarbonate and sodium ions in irrigation and its further consequences on the soil structure) and not by addition of more fertilizer or nutritive ions. • The salinity evolution based on the soil EC measurements by the ECH2O system generally decreased, however with peaks of increment due to soil moisturizing during rainfall periods and respective conversion between bulk ECmS=cm and ECw mS=cm. The authors agree more analysis and further research on this topic is convenient.