jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Experiences of Parental Suicide-Bereavement: A Longitudinal Qualitative Analysis over Two Years

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Limited research exists on the experiences of parents bereaved by suicide. Our earlier qualitative analysis examined the experiences of parents’ suicide bereavement at 6 and 12 months after their loss. The current study aimed to extend the analysis over 24 months, outlining the key themes of parents’ suicide bereavement experience. In the frames of a longitudinal study of suicide bereavement in Queensland, Australia, parents were interviewed at 6, 12, and 24 months after their loss. Thematic analysis was used to further explore new themes and three key themes identified in earlier analyses: searching for answers and sense-making, coping strategies and support, and finding meaning and purpose. Results at 24 months revealed a clearer differentiation between strategies adopted by mothers and fathers. Anger and blame had changed towards feelings of depression. A polarization was observed between parents still oscillating in brooding rumination and those who have shifted towards sense-making. The former more frequently reported depression symptoms, and the latter reported a more positive attitude towards life and acceptance of their loss. Consistent with the dual-process model, parents managed to reach acceptance after oscillating between sense-making and meaning making. Findings provide insights how suicide loss affects parents, with implications for postvention.
The need for context in software engineering (IEEE CS Harlan Mills award keynote)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The development of a software system requires the orchestration of many different people using many different tools. Despite the need for a developer who is performing a task to understand the context in which that task is undertaken, the tools we imagine, build and provide to support software developers are typically isolated. Instead of the tools helping a developer work within the appropriate context, it is the developer who must bring the context to the tools. In this talk, I will argue that the lack of context in the software engineering tools we build limits the effectiveness of developers and of our software development practices.
Some of the practices of human resources management fostering entrepreneurship in the danger of crisis

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The economic crisis and uncertainty demands skillful and effective management of intellectual potential on the part of companies. The experience of numerous companies shows that the internal transformation is a significant element of their development. The systematic creation and implementation of innovation and knowledge transfer is particularly important for sustainable business activity. The study reveals examples of human resource management practices that encourage creativity among employees and productivity growth. The paper is an attempt to assess the relationship between the undertaken actions and the competitive edge of a company. The paper includes some examples of modern methods of personnel management, including the measures of their effectiveness.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC O157:H7) in Raw Beef samples collected from abattoirs and Meat Vendors in Ile Ife and its environs, South-West, Nigeria

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Nigeria bears a large burden of foodborne diseases in Africa, and the second leading causes of premature deaths in Africa is linked to diarrheal diseases. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 (EHEC O157:H7) causes an asymptomatic infection to severe diarrhea and/or hemolytic-uremic syndrome in humans which are serious health conditions that calls for serious health concern. The present investigation was done to study the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains isolated from raw meat samples. Raw beef samples were collected from abattoirs and retail outlets in three local government areas (LGAs) in Ile- Ife axis namely: Ife North, Ife Central and Ife East for isolation and identification of EHEC O157:H7. Standard microbiological methods were used to isolate and identify EHEC O157:H7 and antibiotics susceptibility pattern was carried out on the isolates to determine their susceptibility or otherwise. EHEC O157 was detected in 16% of meat samples from Abbatoirs slabs and 33% from meat vendors and retailers. EHEC O157 was not detected in one of the beef samples obtained from a particular Abbatoir. The EHEC O157:H7 isolates were found to be most susceptible to meropenem (91.50%) followed by vancomycin (90.80%) and ceftazidime (88.8%). Isolates were found to be most resistant to ampicillin (90.85%), followed by chloramphenicol (86.93%) and cefixime (85.63%). Furthermore, isolates were resistant to a range of more than five antibiotics and three classes of antibiotics, depicting multi drug resistance pattern. Five isolates were resistant to ampicillin, two isolates to streptomycin and three isolates to chloramphenicol. One isolate was resistant to two drugs and another to three drugs. The present study shows a bit higher prevalence of EHEC O157 in beef sold directly at abattoirs. Considering, the high infective dose of this pathogen and the deep-rooted tradition of consuming raw or undercooked beef, the current prevalence should not be considered lightly from a public health perspective.
Frequency of the anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase immunological marker in patients with diabetes duration longer than three years in southern Brazil

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The anti-GAD (glutamic acid decarboxylase) antibody is considered to be an important marker for type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1), with frequency that varies depending on the population studied and the duration of the disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of this autoantibody in a group of patients in southern Brazil with DM1 that had been diagnosed more than three years previously. DESIGN AND SETTING: Analytical cross-sectional study with a control group conducted at the Biomedicine Laboratory of Universidade Feevale. METHODS: This study was conducted between June 2007 and December 2008, and 109 individuals were enrolled during this period. Fifty-eight were DM1 patients and 51 were individuals free from DM1 and without any history of diabetes, who constituted the control group. RESULTS: In the DM1 group, the mean age was 27 ± 1.7 years and 50% were men. The mean fasting blood glucose in the DM1 group was 208 ± 15 mg/dl and mean HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin) was 8.7 ± 0.25%. In the control group, the mean fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were 82 mg/dl and 5.0% respectively. Thirty-seven individuals with DM1 (63.8%) were positive for anti-GAD, and this proportion was significantly larger than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: These results show the high prevalence of anti-GAD in the population of diabetic patients in southern Brazil, thus indicating that the antibody was still present a long time after the disease had been diagnosed.
Histopathologic and Electron Microscopic Studies of the Effects of Solcoderm on Normal Epidermis and Superficial Cutaneous Tumors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Histologic and electron microscopic studies of Solcoderm-treated normal skin and human lesions were performed to help elucidate the mode of action of this new agent. Its fixative properties were readily demonstrated and generally proved to be adequate for histological diagnosis from the post-treatment scab. The degree of preservation of fine intra-cellular structures was particularly remarkable, since similar treatment with equivalent strengths of nitric acid alone destroys these substructures. Dermal lipids and collagen were found to be natural barriers against the penetration of Solcoderm applied to the skin surface. Mild mechanical disruption and the disturbed cellular continuity of pathologic tissue allows the solution to penetrate treated lesions more freely and enhances the likelihood of their complete destruction when an appropriate quantity of solution is properly delivered by an experienced therapist.
[Importance of the information systems in public health programs: diabetic patients databases].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The databases allowed knowing some demographic characteristics of diabetic population attended in the public sector of Alta Gracia. The dispensing frequency during 12 months was able to be used as an adherence to treatment indicator. The scarce coordination between care levels and jurisdictions (provincial and municipal) were confirmed. For decision making it is necessary to generate and maintain information systems.
Unravelling Factors Influencing Firm Performance: Evidence from the SMEs in Tourism Industry

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The global business scenario seems to be gloomy due to the economic uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted many economic sectors and a country’s national GNP, including the tourism industry. The question is whether the influencing factors for firms involved in the tourism industry, especially in developing countries, ensure their future survival. The main aim of this paper is to examine the role of internal resources and external environmental factors on the firm performance of small–medium enterprises (SMEs) in the tourism industry, with a specific focus on SME hotels. Based on a survey carried out among hotel owners or key managerial staff in Saudi Arabia and using partial least squares (PLS), the study aimed to attain the objective of this study. Results from the statistical analysis indicate that both internal and external environmental factors have a positive impact on the performance of SME hotels. The results also revealed a more significant impact from the external environmental factors in influencing firm performance than internal resources. Implications, limitations, and recommendations for future scientific investigation are put forward.
Comparison of PCR-Based Diagnosis with Centrifuged-Based Enrichment Method for Detection of Borrelia persica in Animal Blood Samples.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Centrifuged-based enrichment method appeared as much as 500-fold more sensitive than thick smears, which makes it even superior to some PCR assays. Due to simplicity and minimal laboratory requirements, this method can be considered a valuable tool for diagnosis of RF in rural health centers.
Unemployment rates remain low across the OECD countries

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Society at a Glance 2024: OECD Social Indicators, is the tenth edition of the OECD overview of social indicators.The report addresses the growing demand for quantitative evidence on social well-being and its trends.This year's edition presents 25 social indicators, and includes data for 38 OECD member countries and, where available, accession and key partner countries, i.e.Bulgaria, Brazil, Croatia, China, India, Indonesia, Peru, Romania and South Africa, and other G20 countries Argentina and Saudi Arabia.This report features a special policy chapter on fertility.It discusses the long-term decline in the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) observed in many OECD countries.The personal choice to have children depends on a wide range of factors, such as costs of raising children, the happiness they bring, economic and financial security, social norms, personal and medical conditions, as well as the overall labour market situation and family policy environment.The chapter presents and discusses evidence from recent OECD analysis of the effect of labour market outcomes, housing costs and different aspects of the family policy framework (e.g.parental leave, Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC), financial supports) on fertility rates.The chapter also brings in evidence from the international literature on the drivers of fertility rates and concludes with a discussion of policy implications.The rest of the report compares a wide range of social outcomes across countries.Chapter 2 provides a guide to help readers understand the structure of OECD social indicators.Chapter 3 is based on the 2022 OECD Risks that Matter Survey on people's perceptions of social and economic risks and the extent to which they think governments address those risks.As in previous editions, Society at a Glance presents 25 social indicators, 5 each in Chapters 4 to 8, on General context, Self-sufficiency, Equity, Health, and Social cohesion.
Theoretical foundations of pedagogy and education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, or stored in a data base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The content and reliability of the articles are the responsibility of the authors. When using and borrowing materials reference to the publication is required. Collection of scientific articles published is the scientific and practical publication, which contains scientific articles of students, graduate students, Candidates and Doctors of Sciences, research workers and practitioners from Europe and Ukraine. The articles contain the study, reflecting the processes and changes in the structure of modern science.
Monoclonal Antibodies for Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases in Humans

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Monoclonal antibody techniques are now widely practiced. and antibodies of diagnostic potential have been prepared in research laboratories against a battery of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. In this article the diagnostic utility of monoclonal antibodies for gonococcal, chlamydial, and herpesvirus infections is described. With immunofluorescence being used as an assay system, the antibodies demonstrated sensitivities of 94 to 99 percent for culture confirmation and 85 to 90 percent for direct diagnosis of specimens smeared on microscope slides. Since the direct diagnostic tests only required 15 to 20 minutes to perform, they represented a major advance in the diagnosis of infections which previously required 3 to 6 days to accomplish. It is anticipated that in the next decade an entirely new spectrum of antibody-based diagnostics will be developed, allowing the rapid, precise, and semiautomated diagnosis of many infectious diseases.
560. Immune Recovery of Acute HIV-Treated Patients Is Characterized by an Increase in Immune Senescence

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: ARV treatment (ART) administered during acute HIV-infection presents several immunological benefits leading to a better CD4+ T-cell recovery and a diminished HIV reservoir. METHODS: Patients with acute HIV-infection, enrolled in the VIHIA cohort, had blood samples taken at diagnosis and at 2, 6 and 12 months after ART initiation. Flow-cytometry analysis was performed in fresh whole blood. Naïve-(Nv), central memory (CM), effector memory (EM) and terminally differentiated T-cells (TMRA), as well as activation markers were defined using CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45RA, CCR7, CD38, CD31 and HLA-DR markers. CD28 and CD57 were used to identify immunosenescent cells. Fox-P3, CD 25, CD127 and CD45RA were used to identify Regulatory T cells (Treg) and their subsets. To assess changes over time, Wilcoxon-matched-pairs signed rank test was used for each value between baseline and months 2 and 12 independently. RESULTS: Four patients were diagnosed at Fiebig stage II; 5 patients at Fiebig stage III, 24 patients at stage IV and 5 patients in stage V. All patients received treatment within the first 24 hours of HIV diagnosis. Only 13 patients had flow-cytometry data at baseline and 1 year of follow-up. All subjects were MSM with a mean age of 32 y.o. Mean CD4+ T-cell count was 439 cells/μL and mean viral load was 1.2 million copies/mL (23,379–10 × 10(6) copies/mL) at baseline. The change in T-cell differentiation patterns at 0 and 12 months is shown in Figure 1. Activation markers decreased in all studied subsets at 2 months and furthermore at 12 months. Total T-regs increased from 5.1% to 7.8% at 1 year of follow-up (Figure 2). Immunosenescence markers increased steadily throughout the study in all T-cell subsets, being statistically significant in the total T-cell CD8 population at 12 months of follow-up (Figure 3) unrelated to Fiebig stage. CONCLUSION: It has been hypothesized that early ART decreases T-cell immunosenescence; however, in our cohort despite treatment during acute HIV, we observed that at 1 year follow-up immunosenescence markers increased despite a decrease in immune activation and a recovery of T-cell subsets. [Image: see text] [Image: see text] [Image: see text] DISCLOSURES: All authors: No reported disclosures.
Severe bursitis in shoulder arthritis – a manifestation of hydroxyapatite crystal deposition disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the present understanding of joint pathology, the exact pathogenic role of hydroxyapatite crystals, both periarticularand intraarticular, is not yet completely clear. An association between rapidly destructive osteoarthritis (OA) andhydroxyapatite or basic calcium crystals was confirmed. This is a case report of a 78-year old female patient presentingwith a five-month history of shoulder pain with swelling of both AC joints. Imaging showed a large bursitis starting in theAC joints of both shoulders. Synovial fluid analysis showed many hydroxyapatite crystals and no calcium pyrophosphateor sodium urate crystals, which confirmed the diagnosis of crystal-induced periarthropathy and AC arthritis. Theseperiarticular radiographic and synovial fluid findings are a frequent and known manifestation of hydroxyapatite crystaldeposition disease, similar to the intra-articular destructive “Milwaukee shoulder syndrome”. Surgical intervention wasthe only therapeutic option to reduce the patient’s shoulder pain.
Forest to Pasture: Frontier Settlement in the Bolivian Lowlands

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In an effort to offset demographic pressures being experienced in the highlands, the Bolivian government secured international loans from the United States, West Germany, and the Interamerican Development Bank to begin colonization of its lowland territories. Three zones in the Bolivian Amazon were designated for settlement: the Alto Beni, east of the national capital, La Paz; the Chapare, east of Cochabamba; and the Yapacaní, northwest of the lowland city of Santa Cruz. The frequent emphasis on stabilizing initial settlers on the land can be attributed to a lack of understanding by many observers of the true role colonization plays in lowland frontier expansion. The conversion of forest to pasture, or the commercialization of land occupied by the slash-and-burn horticulturalist, inexorably pushes the subsistence agriculturalist farther into the wilderness. In Bolivia, there is mounting concern that the effects of the 1953 Agrarian Reform Law may be nullified as more land is consolidated into large holdings for commercial agriculture.
A Review of Recurrent Meningiomas with Prolonged Response to Cabozantinib, an Oral Multitarget Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Meningiomas are cerebral cancers that arise from abnormal cell development in the meninges anddefensive layers covering the mind and spinal line. They can attack areas close to the cerebrumtissue and apply tension to neighboring designs, prompting different neurological side effects.Recent advances in atomic science and genomics have revealed insights into the fundamental subatomic adjustments and flagging pathways involved in the improvement of meningoma.Cabozantinib, a chemotherapeutic agent, has shown promising results in preclinical and clinicalstudies in various malignancies, including meningia. It inhibits angiogenesis, reduces cancerdevelopment, and prompts cell passage, providing areas of strength for clinical examination.Inhibition of VEGFR2 signaling has shown promise results in clinical trials in various cancer types,including a variety of cancers. This review summarizes the current knowledge on thepathophysiology and potential therapeutic effects of cabozanteb as a therapeutic agent forintracranial meninga.
Greece’s Strategic Doctrine: In Search of Autonomy and Deterrence

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Strategic doctrine is viewed, in this chapter, as a state's 'theory' about how it can best 'produce' security for itself.1 Strategic doctrine may be conceptualised as a means-end relationship, in which military means are connected to political objectives.2 Ideally it should include an explanation of why the theory is expected to work in practice. Actual events test the validity of the state's national security 'theory' and serve to show whether the 'theory' helps the state achieve its political goals.
Adsorption of Fluorides in Drinking Water by Palm Residues

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Fluorides represent a significant problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In fact, this ion is essential for human health but, if taken in excess, it can cause dental and skeletal fluorosis. In LMICs, the pollution of groundwater from fluorides is of natural origin. Therefore, if providing alternative sources for drinking water (DW) supply is not possible, the use of specific processes for the removal of fluorides becomes essential. The adsorption on alternative materials, such as agro-food residues, can be a valid treatment for the removal of fluorides in the LMIC considering: (i) their optimal removal yields, (ii) the high availability, and (iii) the low cost. In recent years, the interest on the use of palm residues (PRs) becomes significant. Optimal pH, temperature, adsorbent dosage, and possible combination with metals to increase adsorption performances were deeply investigated. The activated PRs also present two other advantages: (i) very high surface area, and (ii) very low reduction in uptake capacity when regenerated. However, all tests were conducted with synthetic waters in laboratory-scale reactors while application on real-scale are absent. This makes other studies on this type of alternative adsorbent material still necessary.