jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Giving Time Purpose: The Synechococcus elongatus Clock in a Broader Network Context

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Early research on the cyanobacterial clock focused on characterizing the genes needed to keep, entrain, and convey time within the cell. As the scope of assays used in molecular genetics has expanded to capture systems-level properties (e.g., RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, metabolomics, high-throughput screening of genetic variants), so has our understanding of how the clock fits within and influences a broader cellular context. Here we review the work that has established a global perspective of the clock, with a focus on (a) an emerging network-centric view of clock architecture, (b) mechanistic insights into how temporal and environmental cues are transmitted and integrated within this network, (c) the systematic alteration of gene expression and cellular metabolism by the clock, and (d) insights into the evolution of temporal control in cyanobacteria.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: Composite Lags at $z\lesssim 1$

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present composite broad-line region (BLR) reverberation-mapping lag measurements for \halpha, \hbeta, \HeII\,$\lambda4686$ and \MgII\ for a sample of 144, $z\lesssim 1$ quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping (SDSS-RM) project. Using only the 32-epoch spectroscopic light curves in the first 6-month season of SDSS-RM observations, we compile correlation-function measurements for individual objects and then coadd them to allow the measurement of the average lags for our sample at mean redshifts of $0.4$ (for \halpha) and $\sim 0.65$ (for the other lines). At similar quasar luminosities and redshifts, the sample-averaged lag decreases in the order of \MgII, \halpha, \hbeta\ and \HeII. This decrease in lags is accompanied by an increase in the mean line width of the four lines, and is roughly consistent with the virialized motion for BLR gas in photoionization equilibrium. These are among the first RM measurements of stratified BLR structure at $z>0.3$. Dividing our sample by luminosity, \halpha\ shows clear evidence of increasing lags with luminosity, consistent with the expectation from the measured BLR size-luminosity relation based on \hbeta. The other three lines do not show a clear luminosity trend in their average lags due to the limited dynamic range of luminosity probed and the poor average correlation signals in the divided samples, a situation that will be improved with the incorporation of additional photometric and spectroscopic data from SDSS-RM. We discuss the utility and caveats of composite-lag measurements for large statistical quasar samples with reverberation-mapping data.
Dual Role of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase in Regulating Cholesterol

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase (sEH) is becoming an attractive potential therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases due to the vasoactive and anti‐inflammatory properties of its fatty acid epoxide substrates. Furthermore, recent genetic studies suggest a potential role for sEH in cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis. Here we evaluated the effect of sEH on the cholesterol profile in mice and HepG2 cells. Targeted disruption of ephx2 in mice and the use of sEH hydrolase inhibitors suggest that both the C‐terminal hydrolase and the N‐terminal phosphatase are involved in regulating cholesterol. The results in mice are further supported by studies in HepG2 cells stably expressing various sEH constructs possessing either N‐terminal phosphatase activity or C‐terminal hydrolase activity. Whereas the N‐terminal phosphatase was found to increase cholesterol levels significantly, the C‐terminal hydrolase had a balancing cholesterol lowering effect. In conclusion, we propose the N‐terminal phosphatase of sEH as a potential therapeutic target in dyslipidemia and suggest that hyperlipidemia may be a potential side effect of inhibiting the C‐terminal hydrolase.
Effects of Exogenous Nitric Oxide Donor on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Rice

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Soaked and put into seed germination test respectively in H2O(control),or in 0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7 or 0.9 mmol/L of sodium nitroprusside(SNP),a donor for exogenous nitric oxide(NO),the seed germination and the seeding growth of traditional rice cultivar 99-Zao-677,Xiang-Zao-Xian 24,and hydride rice combination Zhu-Liang-You 02,Zhu-Liang-You 819,Zhu-Liang-You 99 and Jin-You 402 existed great diversity owing to the difference of rice variety、seed vigor and the concentration of SNP solution.For example,under the condition of 0.5 mmol/L SNP solution,the seed germination percentage of Zhu-Liang-You 02 rose from 86% up to 96%,with an increase of 10%,while the seed germination percentage of 99-Zao-677 rose from 95% to 98%,only an increase of 3%.To any a variety or hybrid combination,the influence of the same concentration of SNP on the high vigor seed is lower than on the low vigor seed;proper concentration of SNP is required to promote the germination of rice seeds and seedling growth,for example,the solution of SNP from 0.3 mmol/L to 0.5 mmol/L enhanced the germination percentage and vigor index of seeds obviously,and also promoted the seedling growth,higher than this concentration range of SNP inhibited seed germination and seedling growth.
Adaptive market hypothesis and momentum effect: Evidence from Dhaka Stock Exchange

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper examines time-varying behavior of momentum and contrarian profits to identify the existence of adaptive market hypothesis (AMH), and whether AMH can provide justification for the presence of such anomalous behavior in the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) of Bangladesh. To investigate the time-varying pattern of momentum/contrarian anomaly, the study uses stock prices of all listed companies on the DSE and values of DSE general index from January 1995 to December 2018. To construct the relative strength portfolios for momentum strategies, the current study employs the portfolio formation methods of Jegadeesh and Titman with minor modifications. The study findings suggest the existence of medium-term momentum profits and the long-term reversal effect that vary over time. Moreover, the empirical evidence of the study shows that the changed market conditions that are considered as the main reasons under AMH for time-varying behavior of market efficiency and by extension the stock market anomalies influence the momentum profits. The findings suggest that although market risk cannot always explain the existence of momentum profits in the DSE, the bullish stock market condition positively impacts this anomalous profit pattern. In addition, the momentum profits are not statistically significant during stock market crashes and bubbles, but the normal market condition positively influences the momentum profits. The most interesting finding of this study is that the investors from emerging stock markets may not adapt towards changed market conditions like the investors from the developed markets as reported in the AMH literature.
Rectus sheath hematoma: a potentially life threatening complication following caesarean delivery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Rectus sheath hematoma (RSH) is a rare but potentially life threatening complication of caesarean delivery. The nonspecific nature of entity, lower incidence of disorder and acute presentation may posses’ difficulty in timely recognizing this. Present patient presented as acute abdominal pain 38 hours post caesarean section. This is an attempt to increase the awareness of this rare but potentially grave condition, as timely diagnosis and fast intervention saved present patient.
Infrared thermography of the body surface in the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra and the giant otter Pteronura brasiliensis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

AB Aquatic Biology Contact the journal Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections AB 6:143-152 (2009) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00176 Infrared thermography of the body surface in the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra and the giant otter Pteronura brasiliensis Rachel A. Kuhn1,2, Wilfried Meyer3,* 1Aktion Fischotterschutz e.V., Otter-Zentrum, 29386 Hankensbüttel, Germany 2Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany 3Institute for Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany *Corresponding author. Email: wilfried.meyer@tiho-hannover.de ABSTRACT: The body surface temperatures of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra and the tropical giant otter Pteronura brasiliensis were studied based on detailed infrared thermography. The Eurasian otter mainly used its feet to dissipate excess heat, whereas the giant otter lost more heat from the whole body and tail. In both species, the temperature at the surface of the feet tended to decrease to a temperature similar to that of the water when the animal was submerged. The same was observed for the tail of the giant otter, and of the Eurasian otter during winter. In the Eurasian otter, temperatures of the air layer trapped within the fur were >10°C above the temperature of the ambient air or water. A specific heating of sensory organs on the head could be observed. KEY WORDS: Otter · Lutra lutra · Pteronura brasiliensis · Infrared thermography · Thermoregulation · Thermal windows Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Kuhn RA, Meyer W (2009) Infrared thermography of the body surface in the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra and the giant otter Pteronura brasiliensis. Aquat Biol 6:143-152. https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00176 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in AB Vol. 6. Online publication date: August 04, 2009 Print ISSN: 1864-7782; Online ISSN: 1864-7790 Copyright © 2009 Inter-Research.
Distal biceps tendon injuries

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Distal biceps tendon (DBT) conditions comprise a spectrum of disorders including bicipitoradial bursitis, partial tears, acute and chronic complete tears. In low-demand patients with complete DBT tears, non-operative treatment may be entertained provided the patient understands the potential for residual weakness, particularly in forearm supination. Most acute tears are best treated by primary repair using either single-incision or double-incision techniques with good clinical outcomes. Single-incision techniques may carry a higher risk of nerve-related complications, whereas double-incision techniques have historically been considered to carry a higher risk of heterotopic ossification, particularly if the ulna is exposed. Various fixation techniques, including bone tunnels, cortical buttons, suture anchors, interference screws or a combination seem to provide different fixation strength but similar clinical outcomes. Some chronic tears may be repaired primarily, provided tendon tissue can be identified; alternatively, autograft or allograft reconstruction can be considered, and good outcomes have been reported with both techniques. Cite this article: Alentorn-Geli E, Assenmacher AT, Sanchez-Sotelo J. Distal biceps tendon injuries: a clinically relevant current concepts review. EFORT Open Rev 2016;1:316-324. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.1.000053.
"Figure 9b" of "Search for supersymmetry in final states with two or three soft leptons and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV"

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the pMSSM higgsino model. The pMSSM one includes all possible production modes. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. The results are reported for the $\widetilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_2}\widetilde{m}_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}$ $M(\ell\ell)$ spectrum reweighting scenario. The range of luminosities of the analysis regions included in the fit is indicated on the plot.
Marketing Transformation of Agrochemical Products in Potential Exploitation E-Commerce

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study examines the transformation of agricultural chemical product marketing in exploring e-commerce potential. Rapid technological advancements provide new opportunities in product marketing, including agricultural chemicals. A significant number of farmers still do not use the internet, leading to uncertainty among chemical companies about whether digitalization can sustain their business. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Behavioral Control, Perceived Usefulness, Subjective Norms, and Digital Literacy on purchase intention. The research employs a quantitative method with data collection conducted through questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents who work as farmers and have made online purchases of agricultural chemicals. The research data is analyzed using SmartPLS. The results indicate that Perceived Ease of Use and Digital Literacy have a positive influence on purchase intention, while Perceived Behavioral Control, Perceived Usefulness, and Subjective Norms do not have an impact on purchase intention.
An Algorithmic Approach to Prepectoral Direct-to-Implant Breast Reconstruction: Version 2.0

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Prepectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction has historically been fraught with complications, including flap necrosis, implant extrusion, and capsular contracture, along with high rates of operative revisions. This may result from a number of factors, including the lack of an algorithmic approach, failure to predict postoperative migration of the implant, use of improper implants, and unsuitable patient selection. Over the past 5 years, the authors have gained significant experience in prepectoral breast reconstruction as they have transitioned their direct-to-implant technique. Methods: Using video, technical aspects for achieving superior results are demonstrated, including suture technique, application of acellular dermal matrix, creation of the implant pocket, implant selection and placement, and postoperative dressings. Video is used to highlight technical aspects to yield consistent, predictable results using the anterior tenting technique. Results: A systematic review of prepectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction was conducted to amalgamate the experience of the authors and others with regard to technique, material, and outcomes. Conclusions: Prepectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction represents a significant paradigm shift in postmastectomy breast reconstruction and warrants reconsideration. Prepectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction provides the potential benefits of a single-stage operation, elimination of dynamic deformity, enhanced aesthetic outcomes, and increased patient satisfaction. Although early evidence suggests an increased incidence of complications, our experience and that of others demonstrate favorable outcomes with version 2.0 of prepectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction. As the body of literature encompassing a modern approach to prepectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction grows, greater appreciation for operative technique, candidate selection, and implant choice may accelerate its adoption and mitigate past concerns.
Hail Damage to Upland Cotton1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract There has been very little scientific data published on the effect of hail damage on Upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) because of the nature of the problem and difficulty in setting up an appropriate, experimentally sound investigation. A hailstorm on June 26, 1971 made it possible to collect data on the effect of differential damage to individual Upland cotton plants. Three injury classes were established: 1) slight — some stem and leaf damage; 2) moderate — terminal bud lost plus some leaf and stem damage; 3) severe — terminal bud lost plus extensive stem and leaf damage. Effects of hail damage were determined by tagging 5 plants per injury class within each of 10 replications of 5 cultivars. Data were obtained from each of the five plants per injury class for each of the characteristics reported. An application of 47 kg/ha additional N after the hailstorm did not increase the yield of cotton. The lack of response to N, however, may have been caused by the 78 kg/ha N applied before the hail damage occurred. This amount of N is usually adequate for cotton grown on Cecil sandy loam. The number of productive plants was significantly higher in the slight‐ and moderate‐injury classes than in the severe class. As injury increased, individual plant yield decreased significantly in a ratio of 5:3:1 for the slight, moderate, and severe classes, respectively. Plants in the severe‐injury class had a lower lint percentage than plants in slight‐ or moderate‐injury classes. There was no significant effect on fiber length or strength, but finer fibers were produced by plants in the severe‐injury class.
Spinning Out Early Music

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Chapter 7 begins Part III of the book, as interest shifts to explain what is involved in making Early Music work. The chapter cautions against a limited appreciation of the types of ‘knowledge’ required in bringing early music to the stage and recording studio. Though we tend to think of HIP as being characteristically reliant upon an ‘evidence-based’i.e. rational approach to historical musicology, making Early Music work in fact requires a variety of different types of knowledge to be employed (includingboundary-spanning, interdisciplinary, dispositional, practical, and enchanted). The chapter explores the particular influence of three ‘knowledge producing institutions’ (i.e. University, Music College, and Arts Council) on the development of Early Music. The University (especially Oxbridge) is shown to play a crucial role in ‘spinning out’ Early Music; whilst both the Music Colleges and Arts Council are found to be comparatively slow in providing support to the fledgling cultural movement.
Effect of the biota diversity on the composition of low-molecular-weight water-soluble organic compounds in southern tundra soils

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Water extracts from the organic horizons of southern-tundra loamy permafrost-affected soils (a surface-gleyed tundra soil, a surface-gleyed soddy tundra soil (Haplic Stagnosols (Gelic)), and a peaty tundra soil (Histic Cryosol (Reductaquic)) and their undecomposed moss layers have been analyzed. The total weight concentration of the cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, and Na+) determined by the atomic absorption method reaches 20 mg/dm3 in the organic horizons and 40–90 mg/dm3 in the undecomposed moss layers. Potassium and calcium ions dominate in all the organic horizons (80–90% of the total weight); potassium ions prevail in the mosses (about 70%). The weight concentration of carbon in the water-soluble organic compounds is 0.04–0.07 g/dm3 in the organic horizons and 0.20–0.40 g/dm3 in the undecomposed moss layers. The content of low-molecular-weight organic compounds (alcohols, carbohydrates, and acids) identified by gas chromatography and chromatomass spectrometry is 1–30 mg/dm3 in the organic horizons of the soils and 80–180 mg/dm3 in the mosses, which does not exceed 26% of the total organic carbon in the extracts.
Radiotherapy for Geriatric Cancer Patients: Five-year Experience at a North Indian Tertiary Care Hospital

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The incidence of malignancy in elderly population in India has risen due to increased life expectancy, health awareness, and access to tertiary health care. Radiotherapy is the primary treatment modality in elderly cancer patients due to morbidity of surgery. We reviewed and analyzed clinical, disease and treatment profiles of geriatric population treated with conventional radiotherapy at our institute. Methodology: The clinical records of patients aged 70 years or more, treated from January 2015 to December 2019 were analyzed for patient characteristics (age, sex & co-morbidities), disease characteristics (site, histology & stage) and treatment characteristics (modality & intent of treatment, radiation dose). Results: A total of 289 patients aged 70 years and above were treated during the study period. 69% were treated with curative intent, of which, 72.4% received definitive, 24.6% received adjuvant, and 3% received neoadjuvant radiotherapy. 31% were given palliative radiotherapy. The median age was 74.6 years with male: female ratio of 4.25:1. 21.4% of the study patients had co-morbidities. 14% patients were of early stage, 57% locally advanced and 29% had metastatic disease. 51% of the study population received concurrent chemotherapy along with Radiotherapy. 87.1% of those treated with curative intent & 93.3% of patients treated with palliative intent, completed the planned radiotherapy regimen. Out of total 200 patients treated at our institute with Radiotherapy, 187 were prescribed concurrent chemotherapy, while it was exhibited to only 103 patients due to various factors like old age, poor performance status and co-morbidities. Conclusion: Our study showed a high degree of compliance amongst geriatric patients receiving radiotherapy treatment. Toxicity rates in geriatric population were not significantly higher than the overall population treated at our centre. Various factors like disease biology and stage and patient’s performance status, co-morbidities and life expectancy affect the decision making in deciding radiotherapy intent and schedules in cancer patients of geriatric age group. Combined decision making between patients, caregivers and oncologists is crucial in geriatric age group keeping in mind above mentioned factors.
Perfusion MRI of Brain Neoplams

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

While static contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging remains the current standard imaging method to diagnose and evaluate therapeutic of brain tumors, advanced MR techniques such as perfusion MR imaging can allow for more sophisticated analysis of dynamic hemodynamic processes of these lesions. This article will highlight the key physical concepts, technical parameters, pitfalls, limitations, as well review important clinical applications of MR perfusion in neuro-oncology. Keywords: MR perfusion, neuro-oncology, dynamic contrast enhanced perfusion MRI, DCE MRI, dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI, DSC MRI, Arterial Spin Labeling, ASL, Vascular Space Occupancy, VASO, VASO imaging, VASO MRI, cerebral lymphoma, Tumefactive demyelinating lesions, TDLs, Therapy Induced Necrosis, pseudoprogression, Anti-angiogenic agents, Bevacizumab, Avastin, pseudoresponse, region-ofinterest