jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comparison and Joint Use of the Peroxidase- and Ferritin- Labeling Methods on the Cell Surface Membranes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The immuno-enzyme method (4, 21) has been repeatedly compared with the immuno-ferritin method ( 27) in various aspects by many authors (e.g.6,22,31,33), particularly with regard to the accessibility to the intracellular antigens and antibodies (22,33) and the sensitivity for the detection of the targets at the cell surface (6).Despite much discussion, however, the subject is still in dispute regarding the interrelationship between the configuration of the cell surface receptors based on the ultracytochemistry and the one established by the biochemistry and the immunochemistry.In the present study, the effectiveness of the peroxidase-labeled and the ferritin-labeled conjugates as markers of antigens and receptors at the cell surface is primarily compared.The conjugates to the phytohemagglutinins (PHAs) were at first applied to the cell surface to compare and examine the different results due to the differences in the techniques of those two at the ultrastructural level.L-cells cultured in Eagle's medium for three days were harvested using rubber stapler, washed in the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), unfixed or prefixed in cold 2.5% glutaraldehyde for 30 minutes, washed in PBS, incubated with the conjugates (0.2-2 mg protein/ml) as whole cells at 4°C, 20°C or 37°C for 20 minutes, washed in PBS, postosmicated, dehydrated in graded alcohols, embedded in epon, then processed to the electron microscopic observation.The cells immersed in the medium containing the peroxidase were fixed again in cold 2.5% glutaraldehyde for 30 minutes, washed in tris-HC1 buffer (pH 7.6) and exposed to 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB; Sigma Chemical Co.) for 5-30 minutes before embedding (8).Concanavalin A (Con A) and Ricinus communis toxin (RCT) were prepared and purified by the methods of Agrawal and Goldstein (2) and of Tomita et al. (32), respectively.Each agglutinin was coupled to the ferritin (Pentex-Miles, 6x crystallized, with further purification) with glutaraldehyde (3) Fer-Con A and Fer-RCT, respectively.RCT was coupled to the horseraddish peroxidase (Sigma Chemical Co., Type II or IV) with glutaraldehyde in the presence of 0.1 M galactose.Con A, on the other hand, was directly applied to the cells without conjugation (50-1,000 tglml), then labeled with the peroxidase (5) --PO-Con A. The ferritin conjugates, i.e.Fer-Con A and Fer-RCT, were purified by affinity chromatography on the columns of Sephadex G-100 (Fer-Con A) and Sepharose 4B (Fer-RCT), respectively (14, 17).The * Con A, Concanavalin A; RCT, Ricinus communis toxin; PHA, phytohemagglutinin; Fer-Con A, ferritin conjugate to Con A; Fer-RCT, ferritin conjugate to RCT; Fer-PHA, ferritin conjugate to PHA; PO-Con A, peroxidase labeling to detect the Con A binding sites; PO-RCT, peroxidaselabeled conjugate to RCT; PO-PHA, peroxidase-lebeled conjugate to PHA; DAB, 3,3'-diaminobenzidine; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline.
The Institute of International Law's Resolution on State Succession and State Responsibility

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Marcelo Kohen and Patrick Dumberry explore in an article-by-article commentary the Resolution adopted in 2015 by the Institute of International Law, on state succession in matters of state responsibility. They analyse the content and scope of application of each provision based on a comprehensive survey of existing state practice and judicial decisions (both domestic and international), as well as taking into account the works of scholars and that of the ILC Special Rapporteur in his proposed Draft Articles on the same topic. This book explains the rationale and the reasons behind why the Institute adopted specific solutions to address particular problems of succession to responsibility for each provision, including the need to achieve a fair outcome given the specific circumstances and relevant factors for each case.
A Study on the Sign System for the Disaster Prevention Design in the Traditional Villages -The case of Korea & Japan-

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A traditional village is cultural property where old buildings and traditions are concentrated and also where indigenous traditional cultures can be recognized and experienced directly or indirectly. In addition, traditional villages have been recognized as precious resources to revitalize regional economies through tourism. Currently, signage systems have been developed as for ordinary tourist sites or cities, and concepts or methods for sign system for traditional villages have not yet been established. Therefore, it is necessary to develop disaster prevention-based signage to prevent large-scale disasters, to guarantee the safety of residents, and to increase the satisfaction of visitors in traditional villages as precious resources. A case study is conducted to apply the proposed sign system for traditional villages in Korea and Japan as a tourist-oriented sign system that has been accomplished in Korea and a large disaster-oriented sign system developed with residents as a priority in Japan. The disaster prevention sign system considers the residents since residents are victims when a disaster happens, and guideline to increase the efficacy and satisfaction are suggested. However, this study has definite limits in sucring objectivity because the objects of study are insufficient, and the development of the sign system based on effective disaster prevention considering the features of traditional villages will continue in the future.
Single‐sex schools and physics achievement: are girls really advantaged?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The assertion that girls and boys in single‐sex schools outperform their peers attending co‐educational schools was investigated in this study with particular reference to physics achievement. The relationship between the school, the home and the student's performance in physics was also explored tentatively using multilevel analysis. The average home background (called socio‐educational level in this study) was found to contribute towards student achievement to a greater extent when compared with such school effects as school type and the sex composition of the school. The importance of the use of the multilevel model in estimating microparameters such as sex differences, as well as macroparameters such as school type, is illustrated in this study by the significant influence of the school aggregate variable, socio‐educational level. This is a preliminary report describing some of the school and home effects influencing student performance using multilevel statistical methodology.
Decoding β-Cyclocitral-Mediated Retrograde Signaling Reveals the Role of a Detoxification Response in Plant Tolerance to Photooxidative Stress

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

When exposed to unfavorable environmental conditions, plants can absorb light energy in excess of their photosynthetic capacities, with the surplus energy leading to the production of reactive oxygen species and photooxidative stress. Subsequent lipid peroxidation generates toxic reactive carbonyl species whose accumulation culminates in cell death. β-Cyclocitral, an oxidized by-product of β-carotene generated in the chloroplasts, mediates a protective retrograde response that lowers the levels of toxic peroxides and carbonyls, limiting damage to intracellular components. In this study, we elucidate the molecular mechanism induced by β-cyclocitral in Arabidopsis thaliana and show that the xenobiotic detoxification response is involved in the tolerance to excess light energy. The involvement of the xenobiotic response suggests a possible origin for this pathway. Furthermore, we establish the hierarchical structure of this pathway that is mediated by the β-cyclocitral-inducible GRAS protein SCARECROW LIKE14 (SCL14) and involves ANAC102 as a pivotal component upstream of other ANAC transcription factors and of many enzymes of the xenobiotic detoxification response. Finally, the SCL14-dependent protective mechanism is also involved in the low sensitivity of young leaf tissues to high-light stress.
JHS903672 Supplemental Table1 - Supplemental material for Headless screw fixation through the dorsal rough surface for proximal-pole scaphoid-nonunion: a report of 15 patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Supplemental material, JHS903672 Supplemental Table1 for Headless screw fixation through the dorsal rough surface for proximal-pole scaphoid-nonunion: a report of 15 patients by JungJun Hong, Yun-Rak Choi, Il-Hyun Koh, Won-Taek Oh, Jucheol Shin and Ho-Jung Kang in Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume)
Clinical Approach to Vrana Shopha w.s.r. to Inflammatory Swelling

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Inflammation in Ayurveda is known by different names in different contexts namely Shotha, Shopha, Svayatu, Utsedha and Samhata. Chronic inflammation is a cardinal sign of chronic degenerative disorders. Inflammation and oedema associated with it is duly recognised in Ayurveda as a pathological manifestation. While modern medicine considers inflammation as a symptom or rather as a healing response of the body in wounds. Ayurveda treats the concept of inflammation as symptom of a disease, an independent disease and complication of diseases. Degenerative diseases share a common pathological feature of inflammation. The disturbances in micro channel circulation in inflammation are due to Srotodushti (clogging of channels) by Aama (toxic waste of metabolism). The proper clinical approach to Vrana Shopha with Modern concept is an key role in management and preventing complication of Vrana Shopha.
Search Unemployment and New Economic Geography

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper develops a general equilibrium geographical economics model which uses matching frictions on the labor market to generate regional unemployment disparities alongside the usual core-periphery pattern of industrial agglomeration. In the model, regional wage differentials do not only influence migration decisions of mobile workers, but also affect the bargaining process on local labor markets, leading to differences in vacancies and unemployment as well. In a setting with two regions, both higher or lower unemployment rates in the core region are possible equilibrium outcomes, depending on transport costs and the elasticity of substitution. Stylized facts suggest that both patterns are of empirical relevance.
Circulating Inflammatory and Hemostatic Biomarkers are Associated with All-Cause Death and Cancer Death in a Population of Community-Dwelling Japanese: the Tanushimaru Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

at baseline were significantly higher in decedents than in survivors. The Cox proportional hazards model after adjustments for age and sex showed that CRP (hazard ratio [HR], 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.51) and vWF (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00–1.01) were independent predictors of all-cause death. CRP (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.06–1.86) and vWF (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00–1.02) were also independent predictive markers for cancer death. conclusI ons: Serum CRP and vWF were predictors of all-cause death and cancer death in the population of community dwelling Japanese.
Shelford, Frederic, (14 Nov. 1871–15 July 1943), Barrister-at-law (Parliamentary Bar); Captain, late Royal Marine (Engineers); late Consulting Engineer for West African and other Government Railways; Vice-President Royal African Society; Chairman Chisambo Estates, Nyasaland Ltd

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

"Shelford, Frederic, (14 Nov. 1871–15 July 1943), Barrister-at-law (Parliamentary Bar); Captain, late Royal Marine (Engineers); late Consulting Engineer for West African and other Government Railways; Vice-President Royal African Society; Chairman Chisambo Estates, Nyasaland Ltd" published on by Oxford University Press.
Hyperlocal Air Pollution in London: Validating Low-Cost Sensors for Mobile Measurements from Vehicles

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This study assesses low-cost sensors (LCS) for the mobile monitoring of air quality, which has thus far been scarcely investigated. NO2 and PM2.5 were measured using LCS and higher-grade instruments while driving across various environments in London (943 km) and northern Europe (2923 km), including urban areas, motorways, and tunnels. The data were classified according to the environment where the measurements were carried out, and the performances of LCS and higher-grade instruments were compared. Results indicate that the performances of the sensors were influenced by the rate of change in pollutant concentration in different environments and not by vehicle speed. Excluding tunnel environments, overall, the particulate matter sensors correlated better with their higher-grade instrument than the electrochemical (EC) sensors, with R2 values from 0.90–0.96 in the different environments, compared with 0.39–0.72 for the EC sensors. Tunnels presented a unique opportunity to test the time response of the systems, given the rapid change in concentration upon entering, and all sensors showed limited response times. This is the first time that EC NO2 sensors have been rigorously tested against reference monitors while mobile. Their absolute measurements appear unaffected by movement; however, their time resolution may not be high enough for mobile monitoring in highly variable environments.
Continuous relativistic high-harmonic generation from a kHz liquid-sheet plasma mirror

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We report on continuous high-harmonic generation (HHG) at 1 kHz repetition rate from a liquid-sheet plasma mirror driven by relativistic-intensity near-single-cycle light transients. Through precise control of both the surface plasma density gradient and the driving light waveform, we can produce highly stable and reproducible extreme ultraviolet spectral quasi-continua, expected to correspond to the generation of stable kHz-trains of isolated attosecond pulses in the time domain. This confirms the exciting potential of liquid-sheet targets as one of the building blocks of future high-power attosecond lasers.
Correction to Inhibition of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1–Transcription Coactivator Interaction by a Hydrogen Bond Surrogate α-Helix

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Inhibition of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1–Transcription Coactivator Interaction by a Hydrogen Bond Surrogate α-HelixLaura K. Henchey, Swati Kushal, Ramin Dubey, Ross N. Chapman, Bogdan Z. Olenyuk*, and Paramjit S. Arora*Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 18, 8000Publication Date (Web):April 27, 2012Publication History Published online27 April 2012Published inissue 9 May 2012https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja302676mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja302676mcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2012 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views947Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (130 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stakeholder approach and the impact of brand image within higher education in the Middle East: Student and staff perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Higher education institutions should take into account the needs of stakeholders in the planning and development of quality educational services. In general, the stakeholders are divided into two categories: internal and external stakeholders. This study aims to explore the diverse basic needs of the university internal stakeholders (students, academic staff, and employees) and the impact of the services on the brand image of the educational institutions. Consensus has been built that an organization's image can only be or assessed by its stakeholders or constituents. Utilizing the qualitative approach through empirical semi‐structured interviews, data were collected from both Benghazi University in the country of Libya and Yarmouk University in the country of Jordan. To gain an in‐depth understating of the basic services, interviews were conducted with 41 university internal stakeholders (students, academic staff, and employees). The findings have a remarkable impact on the education services quality and the perception of brand image of both institutions, which subsequently affects the Libyan and Jordanian economy. The paper explores the differences between the needs of the three groups. This study is of value to educational leaders as it serves as contribution to the well designing of comprehensive plans of the university, by providing the decision makers with information on the needs of the university internal stakeholders. Managements can develop policies, which will improve the safety of customers and staff and increase collaborations with both universities stakeholders, etc. Accordingly, the results provide a foundation on which future research can be built.
Potentially inappropriate use of benzodiazepines and z-drugs in the older population—analysis of associations between long-term use and patient-related factors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction The long-term use of benzodiazepines (BZD) and z-drugs in older populations is associated with a variety of sociodemographic and health-related factors. Recent studies reported that long-term BZD and z-drugs use is associated with increased age, female sex, and severe negative psychological (e.g., depression) and somatic (e.g., chronic disease) factors. The current study explores the sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with long-term BZD and z-drugs use in the elderly. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey among randomly selected patients of one health insurance plan (“AOK North-West”) with BZD and z-drugs prescriptions in the past 12 months. The sample was stratified by appropriate German prescription guidelines (yes vs. no) and age (50–65 vs. >65 years). To examine the association of selected sociodemographic and psychological variables (e.g., sex, employment status, quality of life, depression) with long-term use, a binary logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results In total, data from 340 patients were analyzed. The mean age was 72.1 ( SD = 14.5) years, and the most commonly used substances were zopiclon (38.1%), oxazepam (18.1%), and lorazepam (13.8%). The mean defined daily dose (DDD) was 0.73 ( SD = 0.47). Insomnia was the main reason for prescribing BZD and z-drugs. The long-term use of BZD and z-drugs was significantly associated with unemployment ( OR = 2.9, 95% CI [1.2–7.1]) and generally problematic medication use ( OR = 0.5, 95% CI [0.2–1.0]). Discussion Unemployment status and problematic medication use had a significant association with the patient-reported, long-term use of BZD and z-drugs. Divergent prescription patterns might suggest problematic patterns of BZD and z-drugs use. The causal connection between the identified factors and problematic BZD and z-drugs prescription is not discussed in this paper. Nevertheless, employment status and possible evidence of general problematic drug use may be a warning signal to the prescribers of BZD and z-drugs.
Pelatihan Keterampilan Dasar Mengajar Bagi Guru Tugas Pondok Pesantren Syekh Abdurrahman Rabah

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The problem faced by Sheikh Abdurrahman Rabah Islamic Boarding School is that there is a lack or limitation in the teaching skills of the task teachers. They have strong religious knowledge, but lack knowledge or experience in effective teaching methods. This can affect the quality of learning in the pesantren and the teachers' ability to deliver material clearly and interestingly. Training on basic teaching skills can help teachers deliver the material more effectively, manage the class well, and improve interaction with the students. The stages of implementing this service activity include: identifying the specific needs of prospective task teachers by conducting surveys or interviews with prospective task teachers to understand their needs in developing teaching skills, creating a training program framework for effective teaching methods, classroom management, use of educational technology, and learning evaluation, preparing a training schedule and arranging the necessary venues and facilities, providing training materials, including materials, tasks, and other supporting resources, carrying out training activities in the form of materials and practices of effective teaching methods, classroom management, use of educational technology, and learning evaluation, and carrying out evaluation of training activities. The results of the implementation of this service activity are: understanding and accuracy in selecting and applying methods that can be applied to schools in the pesantren environment, participants understand and apply how to manage the classroom by improving classroom discipline, increasing time efficiency, creating a positive learning environment, increasing student involvement, improving communication skills, improving student achievement, and managing student diversity, participants are able to independently and skillfully create learning media by utilizing AI. Participants are able to create PPT easily using AI, participants are able to provide feedback to students, identify areas that need improvement during the learning process, and measure students' final achievement on a topic or learning period. In addition, participants were able to practice conducting mini exams, class discussions, oral questions, daily assignments, midterms, and final exams.
Potret Kuota Perempuan di Parlemen

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In response to the slow progress in improving women role in politics, an affirmative action has been adopted in Indonesia. A scheme, which popularly known as "quota 30% for women in parliament," has been well-advocated, despite it retains controversy. This article makes a brief look at the respond of political parties to that scheme and identifes the challenge lays ahead.\n\nKata-kata kunci: gerakan perempuan