jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Expression,purification and preliminary identification of a novel immunotoxin against hepatocarcinoma

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A novel immunotoxin A54-Mel was constructed by fusing melittin,a membrane-lytic peptide and a hepatocarcinoma-specific binding peptide A54,which was screened by means of the phage display technology in vivo.The fusion gene was cloned into vector pET-32a(+) to allow soluble expression of A54-Mel as a thioredoxin(Trx) fusion protein in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3).The fusion protein was purified on His Bind Resin and cleaved by enterokinase digestion to release recombinant immunotoxin A54-Mel.Purification of A54-Mel with the purity of 95% was achieved by His Bind affinity chromatography.The expressed protein of about 21.5 kD was detected by Western blotting.In vitro analysis of the recombinant cytolytic immunotoxin(A54-Mel) demonstrated selective binding to,and cytotoxicity for live cancer cell by cell-based ELISA and MTT assays.These results suggest that the novel cytolytic immunotoxin A54-Mel can specifically bind and kill live cancer cell,which may lay a foundation for further application in targeting therapy to hepatocarcinoma.
La réglementation du risque biologique : un frein à l'innovation ?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Biological risk régulation vs innovation ? This paper discusses strategie décision making in firms pursuing biotechnology innovation and the influence of risk regulation on firm strategy. Data from three research projects, involving interviews with over 60 managers from agricultural and food related biotechnology companies and also over 60 key participants in the regulatory process in the UK and EC, shows a diversity of strategy and opinion. While some industry representatives identified new risk governing the release of genetically manipulated organisms (GMOs) as the primary constraint on biotechnology innovation, the findings of the study painted a more complex picture. The controversies surrounding the issue of risk regulation and its impact on innovation are best understood if viewed in the context of other political and economic factors. We conclude that the actual impact of risk regulation on industry strategies is probably less than the rhetoric of industry lobbyists would suggest. At the same time, the very act of lobby ing so forcefully could lead to a public backlash against industry that would be much more damaging than the régulation itself
BRIDGE: Border-node assistance for diffusion through a gating mechanism for collocated WPANs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) are envisaged to play an important role in future ubiquitous network applications. When multiple PANs operate in the same area called personal operating space (POS), they are not aware of each other's presence and hence not able to communicate with each other. In this paper, we present a framework for intercommunication of neighboring PANs located in the same area through sensor nodes residing at the border. By time sharing the logical channels, a gating operation is performed by the border sensor nodes of two non-interfering PANs. The framework includes detecting neighboring PAN, identifying border sensor nodes and a gating protocol. The simulation results show improvement in delivery ratio when number of border sensor nodes is increased.
Production of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyhexanoate) by Aeromonas hydrophila and Recombinant Escherichia coli

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) 4AK4 produced poly(3 hydroxybutyrate co 3 hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) with an almost constant 3 hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx) content of 10%15% from lauric acid and/or soybean oil. Both A. hydrophila 4AK4 and recombinant Escherichia coli (E. coli) JMU193 (pBH32) produced PHBHHx with controllable 3HHx content when fed lauric acid and another co substrate. With glucose or gluconate as the co substrate, the 3HHx content in the copolyester produced by A. hydrophila 4AK4 was reduced slightly from 12% to 9%. However, the 3HHx content in the copolyester produced by E. coli JMU193 (pBH32) was significantly reduced from 9% to 2% with fructose as the co substrate. These results show that regulation of 3HHx content in PHBHHx can be achieved using genetically engineered E. coli.
Obraz Artura Grottgera „Modlitwa konfederatów barskich przed bitwą” (pod Lanckoroną?): historia, literatura, ogląd

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The subject of the paper is a painting by Artur Grottger, which has not yet been the subject of close art historical analysis, hindered by the complicated history of the painting as a material object: from its creation (1861–63) and being exhibited in Vienesse Kunstverein in 1864 (titled Das Gebet vor der Schlacht. Episode aus der vergangenen Zeit in Polen), via its appearances and disappearances in the arena of history, till its present status of an object in a private collection, whichlimits its accessibility. The reconstruction of the process of constituting its present title (The Bar Confederates Pray Before the Battle of Lanckorona), reveals the problematic status of the reference to the specific battle fought during the Bar Confederation (1768–1772). The confrontation of the pictorial presentation with a real course of the battle of Lanckorona (23 May 1771) proves that it was not Grottger’s imperative to reconstruct in a probabilistic manner neither the place nor the course of the specific historical event. The analysis of the common for the artist and its public cultural competence, whose basis during that epoch was literature, does not yield an unequivocal identification of specific historical figures or literary motifs as references for the painting. This probabilism of heteronomous, historical and literary references, increases the autonomy of Grottger’s painting as a visual medium. Following the tenet of art historical hermeneutics that it is not contextual references but the pictorial potential activated by the artist that defines the actual status of the represented event, the subject of the next part of the text is the vision-oriented logic of the painting. The main reference is Michael Brötje’s theory, according to which the surface of the painting (not the material, covered with paint, picture plane – die Flache – but immaterial, invisible instance – die Ebene) constitutes the ultimate instance for both represented reality, which it transcends and whose boundaries it establishes, and for the spectator, who confronts this reality in the process of viewing with the pictorial surface and its boundaries. In the process of viewing, which consists in the interaction between structural properties of the painting and the postulated by the viewer relating to the surface, the spectator experiences, as his or her own, the truth about the confederates’ origin, their connection with nature, their religiosity, rootedness in the motherland, death as their destiny, and their devotion to the ultimate absolute instance. The very experience, residing in the medium, ultimately determines the status of the heteronomous in relation to the painting, historical and literary references.
TNF-α -308 G>A and IL10 -1082A>G polymorphisms as potential risk factors for lymphoproliferative disorders in autoimmune rheumatic diseases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Chronic inflammation with sustained unregulated immune stimulation in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) may be a risk factor for developing lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD). Markers of ARD activity as high erythrocyte sedimentation rate or erosive joint diseases and the development of B-symptoms were accounted as risk factors for LPD development. We investigated the association of five inflammatory cytokine genes single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): TNF-α -308G>A; TGF-β1 gene codon 10 T>C and 25 G>C; IL-10 promoter SNPs -1082 A>G, -819T>C, and -592A>C; IL-6 -174G>C; and IFN-γ 874 T>A with the risk of LPD development in ARD patients. The study was conducted on 70 patients divided into group I, 25 ARD patients diagnosed as RA ( n = 15) and SLE ( n = 10) and with no history of malignancy; group II, 25 patients diagnosed with LPD and had no ARD; and group III, 20 patients diagnosed with both diseases: ARD and LPD. Cytokine genotyping was analyzed by PCR-sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP). Results ARD+LPD patients had significantly higher frequency of TNF-α -308A allele and AA+AG genotype (high TNF-α producers) and IL-10 -1082A allele and AA genotype (low IL-10 producers) than ARD patients ( p = 0.003, p = 0.024, p = 0.003, p = 0.03, respectively) with a significantly increased risk of LPD development in ARD patients expressing the corresponding alleles and genotypes. No significant differences were detected in the distribution frequency of either TGF-β1, IL-6, or IFN-γ SNPs between groups I and III or any of the studied SNPs between groups II and III. The distribution frequency of IL-10 ATA haplotype was significantly increased in group III as compared to group I ( p = 0.037). Conclusion The significantly increased frequency of the high-TNF-α- and low-IL-10-producing alleles and genotypes in ARD patients may participate in the provision of a proinflammatory milieu that eventually increases the risk of LPD development.
Characterization, ribotyping and capsular PCR typing of Pasteurella multocida isolated from Iranian sheep and goats

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Pasteurella multocida is considered to be an important cause of ovine pneumonia and results causes considerable economic losses in Iran. Ribotyping PCR (Ribo-PCR) was used for investigating the diversity of ovine and caprine P.multocida. A total of 120 swab tonsil and nasal samples were obtained from sheep and goats. They were analyzed by biochemical tests and Ribo-PCR 16S-23S ribosomal RNA genes. Twenty samples representing Pasteurella phenotypes by Entero rapid kit and 17 out of 20 isolates were identified as P.multocida. Capsular type A was dominant among the isolates and was variable than serogroup D. Nine isolates including JF694004.1 and 8 isolates including JF681973.1 showed 100% and 94% similarity, respectively. Two minor cluster I and II was obtained with no significant diversity among the isolates. Cluster II was divided in four sub cluster including IIa, IIb, IIc and IId. Molecular approaches such as Ribo-PCR are necessary for determining and characterizing the diversity of P. multocida and understanding their interactions with host. The study has been the sensitive levels of Ribo-PCR in epidemiological studies of pasteurellosis, however, correlation among diversity of isolates and host origin is not fully understood.
The Effect of 8-Week Core Training on Running Based Anaerobic Sprint Ability of Footballers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of 8-week core strength training on the repetitive sprinting ability, anaerobic power, body mass and fatigue indexes of football players. Methods: 15 male football players who play football regularly participated in the study. A core strength training program was applied to the research group using BOSU (Theraband, USA) elastic band (Theraband, USA). Before and after the study, the participants were analyzed with Tanita BC418 and their Body Mass Indexes (BMI) were taken. The height of the participants was measured with a stadiometer with a sensitivity of 0.01 cm. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 22 package program. Paired T Test was used for pre-test and post-test comparison between the two groups as the data showed normal distribution. Results: A high level of significant difference was found in the RAST and BMI values of the participants before and after the training when the averages were compared (p<0.05). A high level of significant difference was found in the Maximal Power and Fatigue Index values of the study participants when the pre- and post-training averages were compared (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result, 8-week core exercises with Bosu and Tera tape improved the ability of repetitive sprinting, which is one of the important features of football players. As a result of the study, it can be said that the BMI level of the football players increases with the muscle mass developed as a result of core training. Keywords: Repeated Sprint, Fatigue İndex, Core Strength, Anaerobic Power, Maximal Power
Development of the Temperature Sensor for Measuring Heat Based on the Difference between the Specific Enthalpy

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Reducing energy consumption, improving the heat efficiency is one of the key work of energy conservation and emission reduction. The measuring heat instrument take the principle of the difference between specific enthalpy and use Pt resistance as temperature sensor, the curve of two temperature sensors do matching pairs. This new technology and new technique can solve some difficult problems in the developing process of heat meter temperature sensor, and make the products meet the technical requirements of EN1434 as batch production, reaching the international advanced level, improve the market competitiveness of products.
Experimental study of PID for attitude control of a quadcopter using an ESP32

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Aerial robotics encompasses intricate kinematics and dynamics that govern the flight of quad-rotor systems. Among the various methods employed for flight control using microcontrollers like the ESP32 developed by ESPRESSIF; the proportional integral derivative (PID) controller stands out as a widely adopted approach. The ESP32 microcontroller offers a superior interface, delivering enhanced performance and response time, particularly in dynamic environments. This article delves into the implementation and viability of the ESP32 platform for communication with MATLAB/Simulink, as well as real-time data acquisition to control the attitude of quadcopter withe chassis F450. The PID controller was designed to specifically work with the ESP32 platform and rigorously tested on an actual quadcopter during flight operations. lastly, a comprehensive analysis of the data gained and empirical results from the physical model demonstrates that the proposed framework is effective.
Cyanobacterial and eukaryotic algal odour compounds: signals or by-products? A review of their biological activity

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Algal metabolites (produced by cyanobacteria or eukaryotic algae) are the primary cause of foul source-water odour. Industry has tended to treat algal volatile organic compounds (AVOCs) as metabolic waste, with a focus on their identification, sources and removal. Other, more proactive research has examined proximal abiotic triggers, yet AVOC outbreaks still remain highly unpredictable. An alternative and intriguing viewpoint suggests that, in fact, some AVOCs play active, functional roles in ecological processes and that these are key to their production dynamics; however, support for this premise remains scattered. This paper presents a synthesis of this topic, and evaluates evidence from freshwater, marine and terrestrial systems. It is concluded that (1) it is highly probable that some AVOCs are biologically active; and (2) this activity is largely dependent on their functional roles (as allelogens, pheromones or kairomones), and the environment or habitat of the producers and target organism(s). Activity levels of terpenoids such as geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol and nor-carotenoids are such that these compounds are likely to be ineffective in diffuse planktonic environments, but they may be functional at microscale levels in biofilm matrices. There is good evidence that some polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) or their derivatives (or both) are biologically active, depending on the mode and timing of cell lysis and subsequent PUFA peroxidation. This activity may account for the dichotomous role(s) of PUFAs in aquatic food webs, being essential resources at average sestonic levels, but toxins when concentrated in grazer digestive tracts. Alicyclic PUFA derivatives, which act as multifunctional semiochemicals among marine seaweeds, may play similar roles among freshwater periphyton. Little is known about the chemical ecology of biogenic sulphides in freshwater systems, but evidence that these compounds act as allelogens merits further research. Overall, these data are promising but often ambiguous, and demonstrate a fundamental need for more focused research on the chemical ecology of AVOCs in freshwater ecosystems.
GAP: Generalizable Approximate Graph Partitioning Framework

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Graph partitioning is the problem of dividing the nodes of a graph into balanced partitions while minimizing the edge cut across the partitions. Due to its combinatorial nature, many approximate solutions have been developed, including variants of multi-level methods and spectral clustering. We propose GAP, a Generalizable Approximate Partitioning framework that takes a deep learning approach to graph partitioning. We define a differentiable loss function that represents the partitioning objective and use backpropagation to optimize the network parameters. Unlike baselines that redo the optimization per graph, GAP is capable of generalization, allowing us to train models that produce performant partitions at inference time, even on unseen graphs. Furthermore, because we learn the representation of the graph while jointly optimizing for the partitioning loss function, GAP can be easily tuned for a variety of graph structures. We evaluate the performance of GAP on graphs of varying sizes and structures, including graphs of widely used machine learning models (e.g., ResNet, VGG, and Inception-V3), scale-free graphs, and random graphs. We show that GAP achieves competitive partitions while being up to 100 times faster than the baseline and generalizes to unseen graphs.
Essential Oils from Cameroonian Aromatic Plants as Effective Insecticides against Mosquitoes, Houseflies, and Moths

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Recently, spices have attracted the attention of scientists and agrochemical companies for their potential as insecticidal and acaricidal agents, and even as repellents to replace synthetic compounds that are labeled with detrimental impacts on environment and human and animal health. In this framework, the aim of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal potential of the essential oils (EOs) obtained from three Cameroonian aromatic plants, namely Monodora myristica (Gaertn.) Dunal, Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich., and Aframomum citratum (J. Pereira) K. Schum. They were produced by hydrodistillation, with yields of 3.84, 4.89, and 0.85%, respectively. The chemical composition was evaluated by GC-MS analysis. The EOs and their major constituents (i.e., geraniol, sabinene, α-pinene, p-cymene, α-phellandrene, and β-pinene) were tested against the polyphagous moth pest, i.e., Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.), the common housefly, Musca domestica L., and the filariasis and arbovirus mosquito vector, Culex quinquefasciatus Say. Our results showed that M. myristica and X. aethiopica EOs were the most effective against M. domestica adults, being effective on both males (22.1 µg adult−1) and females (LD50: 29.1 µg adult−1). The M. myristica EO and geraniol showed the highest toxicity on S. littoralis, with LD50(90) values of 29.3 (123.5) and 25.3 (83.2) µg larva−1, respectively. Last, the EOs from M. myristica and X. aethiopica, as well as the major constituents p-cymene and α-phellandrene, were the most toxic against C. quinquefasciatus larvae. The selected EOs may potentially lead to the production of cheap and effective botanical insecticides for African smallholders, although the development of effective formulations, a safety evaluation, and an in-depth study of their efficacy on different insect species are needed.
Strong photoluminescence at 1540 nm from Er-doped amorphous silicon oxycarbide: a novel silicon material for photonic applications

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The present investigators have previously reported on strong room-temperature luminescence at 1540 nm from erbium-doped amorphous silicon oxycarbide (a-SiCxOy:Er) thin films. An enhancement of ~20 times was found for asgrown SiC0.5O1.0:Er compared to SiO2:Er control samples under continuous wavelength (cw) pumping at 496.5 nm. Here, we report the effects of post-deposition annealing on the photoluminescence (PL) properties of Er-doped silicon oxycarbide. The amorphous SiCxOy films were grown by thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD) at 800°C and postdeposition annealing was conducted in the temperature range 500-1100°C. The thin films were then implanted with 260keV Er ions and subsequently annealed at 900°C. Strong room-temperature photoluminescence around 1540 nm was observed, with efficient Er+3 ion excitation occurring for pumping wavelengths ranging from 460 nm to 600 nm. Modeling of the power dependence of Er luminescence yielded an effective Er excitation cross-section about four orders of magnitude larger than that for a direct optical excitation of Er+3 ions. Additionally, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies of post-deposition annealed samples revealed a strong correlation between the Er PL intensity and the C-O bond concentration in the materials. The work suggests a novel method for achieving efficient Er luminescence in Si-based materials through controlled engineering of the Si-C-O system.
Visual Near-Duplicates Detection in the Context of Social Media (Dataset)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The dataset of the paper: ``Dataset and Case Studies for Visual Near-Duplicates Detection in the Context of Social Media'', by Hana Matatov, Mor Naaman, and Ofra Amir.
See the Github repository for details:https://github.com/sTechLab/Visual-Near-Duplicates-Detection-in-the-Context-of-Social-Media
See the associated paper on arXiv:https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.07167