jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Rare Case of Thalamic Abscess Due to Listeria Monocytogenes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) infection is a rare cause of meningoencephalitis. Brain abscess represents only 1–10% of Listeria central nervous system (CNS) manifestations. The typical finding on magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the brain is ring enhancement after contrast administration. We report a 71-year-old female patient with anal squamous cell carcinoma who developed a fever and deterioration of mental status caused from a brain abscess. L. monocytogenes is a rare pathogen of thalamic brain abscess.
Peak expiratory flow rate in handloom weavers.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The present cross-sectional study with a comparison group was carried out to investigate peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) in handloom weavers and to study relationship between reduction in PEFR with age, smoking, duration of cotton dust exposure and respiratory morbidity. This study include 319 handloom weavers and equal number of individuals (group matched for age and pair matched for sex) in comparison group. The decline in PEFR was significantly associated with advancing age, longer duration of exposure to cotton dust, tobacco smoking and presence of respiratory morbidity on univariate analysis, whereas on multivariate analysis longer duration of exposure to cotton dust and tobacco smoking was found to be non significant.
Neuroscience and Jung

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Carl Jung developed a system of psychology that utilised knowledge of the biological sciences to inform his thought. In recent decades, the neurosciences have begun to provide data which can test Jung's theories. In this chapter we review recent scientific findings that support Jung's idea of psychological complexes, personality types, schizophrenia, different modes of thinking, and the inheritance of psychological experience and behaviour. Among the tools that have enabled modern science to validate Jung's theories are functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, genetic and epigenetic research, EEG studies and studies that map connectivity patterns in the brain. Jung's key concepts which formed the basis of analytical psychology have been largely validated by research being conducted in the 21st century.
Up-regulation of miR-208a aggravates high-fat -diet-induced cardiomyocytes injury by targeting IRS-2/PI3K/AKT pathway

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Previous studies found that the myocardial function is damaged in obese mice induced by a high-fat diet, with the increased miRNA-208a and decreased IRS-2. Method: Herein, miR-208a(-/-) knockout and C57BL/6J wild-type mice were divided into the normal diet and high‑fat diet groups, separately. Expressions of p-IRS-2, PI3K, p-AKT, NPPA, AKT, IRS-2, MYH6, MYH7 and Glut4 were determined using immunohistochemical staining. Furthermore, western blotting was performed to identify proteins. Cardiomyocytes were isolated from neonatal rats, and the cardiomyocytes injury model was induced by PA. CCK-8 was conducted to assess the viability of cardiomyocytes, and the glucose uptake of cardiomyocytes was measured using glucose uptake test. Result: H&E staining revealed that the degree of hypertrophy and swelling of cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibrosis of miR208a-/- knockout mice in the high-fat diet group was significantly increased. Moreover, high levels of IRS-2, p-AKT, AKT, NPPA ,GLUT4, MYH7 and MYH6 expression in miR208a-/- knockout mice. Therefore, AKT, MYH6, IRS-2, NPPA in miR208a-/- knockout mice of high-fat diet. In PA-treated cardiomyocytes, the viability was markedly declined and glucose uptake was significantly reduced, while the lipid accumulation and fibrosis were significantly enhanced. Most importantly, the cardiomyocytes injury induced by PA was aggravated in miR-208a-3p upregulated cardiomyocytes, but alleviated in miR-208a-3pdownregulated cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the high expression of miR-208a promote the suppression of IRS-2/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Meanwhile, miR-208a-3p contributes to promoting PA-induced cardiomyocyte injury, which may be a biomarker of cardiomyocyte injury in lipotoxic cardiomyopathy.
Design for auditory imagery: altering instruments to explore performer fluency

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In NIME design, thorough attention has been devoted to feedback modalities, including auditory, visual and haptic feedback. How the performer executes the gestures to achieve a sound on an instrument, by contrast, appears to be less examined. Previous research showed that auditory imagery, or the ability to hear or recreate sounds in the mind even when no audible sound is present, is essential to the sensorimotor control involved in playing an instrument. In this paper, we enquire whether auditory imagery can also help to support skill transfer between musical instruments resulting in possible implications for new instrument design. To answer this question, we performed two experimental studies on pitch accuracy and fluency where professional violinists were asked to play a modified violin. Results showed altered or even possibly irrelevant auditory feedback on a modified violin does not appear to be a significant impediment to performance. However, performers need to have coherent imagery of what they want to do, and the sonic outcome needs to be coupled to the motor program to achieve it. This finding shows that the design lens should be shifted from a direct feedback model of instrumental playing toward a model where imagery guides the playing process. This result is in agreement with recent research on skilled sensorimotor control that highlights the value of feedforward anticipation in embodied musical performance. It is also of primary importance for the design of new instruments: new sounds that cannot easily be imagined and that are not coupled to a motor program are not likely to be easily performed on the instrument.
Automated support for processing special assignment airlift missions (SAAMs): A concept paper

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Airlift Development Analysis System (ADANS) is a research and development effort sponsored by the Headquarters, Military Airlift Command (HQ MAC) and conducted by researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The purpose of this effort is to upgrade HQ MAC's automated capabilities for scheduling peacetime/wartime missions, deliberate and execution planning, and analysis of the airlift system. HQ MAC is also integrating its airlift scheduling processes to provide an easier transition from peacetime to wartime duties. The goal of this research and development effort is to provide an integrated system that allows HQ MAC to better maintain its forces in a constant state of readiness. The development for ADANS is scheduled in three increments and is to be completed in September 1992. This paper documents the procedures for processing SAAMs at HQ MAC as of May 1989 and presents functions that will be provided by ADANS to support SAAMs. In general, ADANS will provide HQ MAC Current Operations, Airlift Management Division, Special Airlift Branch (HQ MAC/DOOMS) and Air Transportation, Director of Cargo and Requirements, Special Assignment Airlift Division (HQ MAC/TRKS) with the ability to automate SAAM information management/data processing tasks, along with systematic error and consistency checking. Reports will bemore » generated automatically by the system for analysis of SAAM requirements and airlift allocation. Consequently, better data integrity among various forms and reports can be expected.« less
Efficacy of FOLFOX4 in patients with hypoalbuminemia or immune impairment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e15141 Background: The effects of chemotherapeutic agents are understood to be regulated by many factors including tumor factors such as sensitivity to drugs and host factors. Among these host factors, nutritional conditions and immune function of cancer-bearing host has been told to relate the effects of chemotherapy, however, it has not been clarified yet. Methods: We have analysed the relationships between the effects of FOLFOX4 and nutritional markers such as serum albumin concentrations and immunology markers including counts of lymphocytes and neutrophils, the ratios of these counts G/L: granulocytes/lymphocytes) and serum concentrations of immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) in the patients with disseminated colorectal cancer who have received FOLFOX4. All these blood examinations were performed before the first administration of FOLFOX4 as a first line chemotherapy in 18 patients with disseminated colorectal cancer. Results: Firstly serum albumin levels have shown significant correlation to lymphocyte counts and did inverse correlation to neutrophil counts and G/L ratios. The albumin levels in the patients with PD of FOLFOX outcome was significantly lower than in the patients with PR(p<0.05) and SD (p<0.05). The lymphocytes counts in the patients with PD were significantly lower than in those with PR (p<0.05) and SD (p<0.05). Neutrophil counts, on the other hand, was significantly higher in the patients with PD than in those with PR (p<0.01) and SD (p<0.05). IAP, have been recognized as a marker of immune-suppression in patients with cancer was higher in the patients with PD. Conclusions: Thus the nutritional status is closely related to the immune status in patients with cancer, and the markers of these conditions may present important informations in prediction of results of cancer chemotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Recurrent Salmonella enteritidis sepsis and hepatic tuberculosis.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 33 year old woman with recurrent Salmonella enteritidis sepsis is described. Penicillins, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and chloramphenicol could not eradicate the salmonellas but a combination of high dose ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone for the eighth episode successfully cured the infection. The combination of ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone may be a valuable therapeutic regimen in patients with recurrent salmonella sepsis. Prolonged intrahepatic cholestasis resulting from granulomatous hepatitis in this patient improved considerably with empiric ursodeoxycholic acid treatment. A liver biopsy specimen showing non-caseating epitheloid granulomas was positive for mycobacterial DNA by polymerase chain reaction. Repeated bronchoscopy with multiple biopsies eventually revealed caseating granulomas with acid fast bacilli in the lung biopsy specimens. Therefore, tuberculosis was diagnosed as the underlying disease and the cause of granulomatous hepatitis in this patient and tuberculostatic treatment was started. Polymerase chain reaction for mycobacterial DNA may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of hepatic granulomas when routine histological examination and culture of biopsy specimens are not diagnostic. Tuberculosis should be considered as one of the diseases predisposing to recurrent salmonella sepsis.
Mental Workload Measurement Using the Intersaccadic Interval

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Mental workload is commonly defined as the proportion of a person's total mental capacity in use at a given moment. A measure of mental workload would have utility in a number of rehabilitation medicine applications, but no method has been adequately examined for these purposes. A candidate measure is the intersaccadic interval (ISI), which is the duration between two successive saccades. Previous studies indicate that ISI length may be linked to mental workload, but this link is poorly understood for tasks that are not primarily visual. Therefore, the current study was an investigation of ISI and workload intensity in three non-visual tasks: mental arithmetic, verbal fluency, and audio perception. Workload was manipulated through changes in task difficulty as well as study participant motivation level. An analysis of eye movements and other experimental workload measures indicated a significant association between audio perceptual workload and ISI length.
Analysis of user membership in cellular CDMA networks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An analysis of the user membership in a cellular CDMA network is proposed. It is based on the estimate of the local mean attenuation on the radio links from a mobile terminal to each of the surrounding base stations. The estimate is carried out through proper filtering of the sequences of signal strength measurements performed on the received pilot signals. Two performance measures are considered: the probability that the best base station will not be selected, and the average number of membership switchings per time unit. Assuming a channel model with log-normal shadowing and fast fading superimposed, it is seen that a proper choice of the filter parameters is required to achieve the lowest values for these performance measures. The results obtained are of interest for handover and power control algorithms.
PD51 ‐ Children with asthma exposed to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) and inhaled corticosteroids treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Corticosteroids are the most effective anti-inflammatory therapy for asthma. A reduction in histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity is suggested to prevent the anti-inflammatory action of inhaled corticosteroids (IC). Cigarette smoke is known to reduce HDAC expression. To compare the lung function test parameters and the response to the IC in the asthmatic children exposed and not exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). 527 children (6-16 years) with moderate to severe asthma performed spirometry before and after the 6 months of IC. According to questionnaire, we divided children into two groups: ETS exposed (ETSE, N 337) and ETS free (ETSF, N 190). There were 59.9% of boys and 50.1% of girls (mean age 10.83). Average dose of Fluticasone propionate (FP) was 225.11±119.98mcg per day per child. Among ETSE children, 208 were with one, 129 with both smoking parents, 228 had smoking mother and 238 had smoking father. ETSE children received statistically higher dose of FP, and dose of FP incresed with increasing of number of smokers in the family (F=45.41, p<0.001). ETSE children had lower lung function parameters before and after the IC, and the influence of mother and both smoking parents on lung function was more pronounced than fathers alone. After the 6 months of IC, both groups of children significantly improved lung function tests, no difference between groups. ETS impaired the lung function growing rate in exposed children with asthma. ETSE children did not have resistance to IC because their airways still response to inhaled corticosteroids. It is necessary to educate smoking parents to protect asthmatic children from tobacco smoke negative influence.
Early resumption of sexual activity following voluntary medical male circumcision in Botswana: A qualitative study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Unprotected sexual intercourse after undergoing voluntary medical male circumcision but prior to complete wound healing can lead to major adverse events including HIV acquisition. To better understand perceptions related to early resumption of sex prior to wound healing, 27 focus group discussions were conducted among 238 adult men, women, and community leaders in Botswana. Median age among all participants was 31 years of whom 60% were male and 51% were either employed and receiving salary or self-employed. Only 12% reported being currently married. Pain, not risk of HIV acquisition, was perceived as the main adverse consequence of early resumption of sex. In fact, no participant mentioned that early resumption of sex could lead to an increase in HIV risk. Demonstrating masculinity and virility, fear of losing female partners, and misperception about post-operative wound healing also played key roles in the decision to resume sex prior to complete wound healing. Findings from this study highlight a potentially widespread lack of awareness of the increased risk of HIV acquisition during the wound healing period. Strengthening post-operative counseling and identifying strategies to discourage the early resumption of sex will be increasingly important as older men and HIV-positive men seek voluntary medical male circumcision services.
Estimating the Health Effects of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Strategies: Addressing Parametric, Model, and Valuation Challenges

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Modeling health co-benefits requires systematic consideration of the suitability of model assumptions, of what should be included and excluded from the model framework, and how uncertainty should be treated. Increased attention to these and other analytic decisions has the potential to increase the policy relevance and application of co-benefits modeling studies, potentially helping policy makers to maximize mitigation potential while simultaneously improving health.
Geology and Petrography of Revaites

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The contribution deals with theme of revaite, a raw material
for chipped industry in prehistoric times. The authors try to
characterized the rock and determine its source. It has been
known that the revaite pebbles are secondarily deposited in
fluvial gravels. The raw material was found in a gravel pit at
Ostrožska Nova Ves (Matl 2000), on alluvial terraces near
Ostrožska Nova Ves, thence in the sand pit of Hulin and also in
the south-west of Kroměřiž. A rare finding we have from
glacifluvial gravels in Opole-Groszowice in Poland. The authors
also present the qualities of revaites – shape, color,
concentric zoning of partially transported fragments and size
of pebbles. The revaites were used for chipped tools in
prehistoric times. These artifacts are likely in the wider area
of Uherske Hradistě, in the Napajedla Hills and around
Kroměřiž. Revaite artifacts have been described at the
Paleolithic stations Kvasice and Karolin in the Kroměřiž area
in the Přerov area (Vokac et. al. 2001), and at an Aurignacian
station Borsice near Buchlovice (Skrdla et. al. 2003). We have
investigated also thin sections of revaites that yielded relics
of microfossils (algea diatoms). On the basis of the
microfossil findings, the Dynow marlstone and menilite cherts
with layers of silicified shale are supposed to be the source
rocks for revaites. Using the laser ablation (LA–ICP–MS,
carried out by S. Huskova) we have determined chemical
composition of revaites and supposed source rocks to deal with
the question of revaite origin.
Interpersonal Sensitivity and Problematic Facebook Use in Turkish University Students

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Facebook has held vital importance for socialization for university students, and has occasionally becomes problematic for them. As personality traits may have impacts on problematic Facebook use, the purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between problematic Facebook use and interpersonal sensitivity among Turkish university students. Participants included 349 university students (224 female, 125 male; Mage = 20.83 yr.) who answered a questionnaire package that included the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale, the Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure and a Personal Information Form. The relationship between problematic Facebook use and the three subscales of interpersonal sensitivity that are interpersonal worry and dependency, low self-esteem, and unassertive interpersonal behavior were examined by using correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. According to the results, the scores on the problematic Facebook use scale were predicted positively (32%) by subscales of interpersonal sensitivity. These findings were discussed in light of the social compensation theory.
Wireless video for future communication systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With advancement in mobile technology, although portable devices are getting smaller and lighter, they have greater processing power despite consuming less power. A good example would be the mobile phones and portable media player. With the rise of technology, it is difficult not to find either of these items on anyone in the streets. The integration of mobile technology with the wireless technology has opened a new trend in mobile entertainment with streaming video in particular. One example is YouTube. Many mobile devices sold now comes with a built in YouTube player. As the number of subscribers increased, it has been putting a lot of strain on the current mobile cellular system as users demand for faster and clearer quality video even when they are on the move. Having a reliable high data rate transmission under high mobility situation is something the current wireless broadband technology lacks. Thus, Block spread (BS) - Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) is proposed to address this problem. This project will design and build a video streaming platform and test the theoretical improvement of BS-CDMA under different deployment scenarios and channel conditions. This report will describe the steps in BS-CDMA and the implementation in MATLAB. The Java application design will show the usage of Java Media Framework playing the video in the application. Apart from that, it will also show how the MATLAB function is wrapped into a Java archive (JAR) file and being called from the Java application.
[Crisis of arterial hypertension in patients with primary aldosteronism].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A clinical picture of the disease was analyzed in 55 patients with primary aldosteronism due to adrenal aldosteronoma. A crisis variant of the course in arterial hypertension was detected in 50% of the patients. Its comparison with morphological signs of the adrenals enabled the authors to reveal that the crisis of arterial hypertension was accompanied by adrenal medullary hyperplasia and hyperfunction.
Differences in Health Care Expenditures by Cancer Patients During Their Last Year of Life: A Registry-Based Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background. During the last year of life, persons with cancer should probably have similar care needs and costs, but studies suggest otherwise. Methods. A study of direct medical costs (excluding costs for expensive prescription drugs) was performed based on registry data in Stockholm County, which covers 2.4 million inhabitants, for all deceased persons with cancer during 2015–2021. The data were mainly analyzed with the aid of multiple regression models, including Generalized Linear Models (GLMs). Results. In a population of 20,431 deceased persons with cancer, the costs increased month by month (p < 0.0001). Higher costs were mainly associated with lower age (p < 0.0001), higher risk of frailty, as measured by the Hospital Frailty Risk Scale (p < 0.0001), and having a hematological malignancy. In a separate model, where those 5% with the highest costs were identified, these variables were strengthened. Sex and socio-economic groups on an area level had little or no significance. Systemic cancer treatments during the last month of life and acute hospitals as place of death had only a moderate impact on costs in adjusted models. Conclusions. Higher costs are mainly related to lower age, higher frailty risk and having a hematological malignancy, and the effects are both statistically and clinically significant despite the fact that expensive drugs were not included. On the other hand, the costs were mainly comparable in regard to sex or socio-economic factors, indicating equal care.