jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Prevention and Management of Hormonal Crisis during Theragnosis with LU-DOTA-TATE in Neuroendocrine Tumors. A Systematic Review and Approach Proposal

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) frequently overexpress somatostatin receptors (SSTR) on their cell surface. The first-line pharmacological treatment for inoperable metastatic functioning well-differentiated NETs are somatostatin analogs. On second line, Lu-DOTA-TATE (177Lu-DOTA0 Tyr 3 octreotate) has shown stabilization of the disease and an increase in progression free survival, as well as effectiveness in controlling symptoms and increasing quality of life. The management of functional NETs before and during LU-DOTA-TATE treatment is specially challenging, as several complications such as severe carcinoid and catecholamine crisis have been described. The aim of this review is to establish practical guidance for the management and prevention of the most common hormonal crises during radionuclide treatment with Lu-DOTA-TATE: carcinoid syndrome (CS) and catecholamine hypersecretion, as well as to provide a brief commentary on other infrequent metabolic complications. To establish a practical approach, a systematic review was performed. This systematic review was developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and conducted using MEDLINE (accessed from PubMed), Google Scholar and ClinicalTrials.gov. Literature searches found 449 citations, and finally nine were considered for this systematic review.
The concept of Dào as the basic axiom of Zhōuyì and Tàijà, Liăng-yì, Sixiàng and Bāguà

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

『주역』을 연구하는 근본적인 목적은 그 내용체계를 온전히 이해하기 위한 것이라 할 수 있다. 그리고 이를 온전히 이해한다는 것은 일관된 논리체계로 통섭할 수 있어야 한다는 것이다. 그러기 위해서는 그 내용체계를 기본공리(axiomxiom)에서부터 연역하여 모순 없는 논리구조로 재구성할 수 있어야 한다. 『주역』의 기본공리라 할 수 있는 것은 ‘도(道)’의 개념이다. 왜냐하면 『주역』은 변화를 말하는 저서인데, 이는 “한번 음하고 한번 양한다(一陰一陽).”로 표현되는 것으로 그러한 변화의 이치를 가장 함축성 있게 드러내 주고 있기 때문이다. 따라서 이 논문은 이러한 연구과정에 있어서의 첫 작업으로, ‘도’의 개념을 구체화시키고, 이로부터 연역하여 태극(太極)·양의(兩義)·사상(四象)·팔괘(八卦)의 개념을 명확히 하고자 하였다. 즉 이 논문에서는 먼저 ‘도’를 ‘도’ 자체와 존재로서의 ‘도’로 구별하여 설명한다. ‘도’ 자체는 ‘음양(陰陽)’이 상호 지속적으로 변화하는 것이며, 존재로서의 ‘도’는 자신과 대대하는 존재인 ‘기(器)’와 더불어 ‘음양’의 두 쌍이 된다. ‘기’는 ‘음양’의 개념에 함축된다. ‘음양’은 대대관계에 있으면서 실재하는 대상들이며, 이 두 쌍의 형태와 이 두 쌍이 상호 변화하는 형태는 각각 네 가지 유형으로 분류될 수 있다. 그리고 이 논문에서는 태극·양의·사상·팔괘의 개념을 ‘도’ 자체와의 관계적으로 풀이하고 있으며, 그 결과 이 개념들이 모두 존재를 말하고 있다는 관점에서 상호 동치관계로 규정될 수 있음을 밝힌다. 즉 태극은 ‘음양’의 합이며, 양의는 곧 ‘음양’이며, 사상은 ‘음양’을 네 가지 형상으로 구분한 것이며, 팔괘는 사상을 여덟 가지 괘의 형상으로 구분한 것이다.
Involvement of Seipin in Directing Localized PA for Lipid Droplet Formation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A loss of function of seipin, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein causes a severe congenital generalized lipodystrophy in humans. In yeast, deletion of seipin, FLD1, results in aberrant lipid droplets. However, the molecular mechanism of seipin is still unknown. Fei et al. (2011) reported that the deletion of FLD1 results in an increase in membrane phosphatidic acid (PA) concentration. In this study, we use Opi1p, a transcription repressor involved in phospholipid synthesis, as a PA sensor. Opi1p is known to bind to PA as well as the ER resident protein Scs2p. We report that Opi1p‐GFP forms puncta in the absence of FLD1. These puncta, usually next to droplets, are more pronounced with an Opi1p mutant (Opi1p FFAT ) that cannot bind to Scs2p but still binds to PA. In order to test whether lipid droplets are necessary for the Opi1p‐GFP puncta in fld1Δ cells, we expressed Opi1p‐mCherry both in a mutant that cannot generate neutral lipids nor droplets (4KO; are1are2lro1dga1 KO), and one which also lacks FLD1 (5KO). Puncta were attenuated in these strains compared to fld1Δ cells. In combination with the finding that Opi1p transiently localizes to droplets during inositol starvation (Chang et al, poster in this meeting), our data suggest that PA flux is important for droplet formation and that Fld1p facilitates utilization of PA during lipid droplet biogenesis. Supported by NIH grant GM084210.
Immunity D uring Pregnancy: Lymphocyte Subpopulations and M itogen Responsiveness

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the alteration of m ater nal im m une status that allows the fetus to escape rejection. Published data using m onoclonal antibodies have stated that there are small variable reductions in circulating T-lymphocytes and little or no change in helper-to-suppressor ratios. Specific decreased levels of helper T-cells have been claimed by o ther workers. O ur laboratory has previously reported alter ations in tritiated thym idine uptake (3H-TdR) and HLA antibodies during pregnancy. The p resent study evaluates total T-cells, lymphocyte T-cell subsets, helper-to-suppressor ratios of T-cells, B-cells, and lymphocyte blast transformation (LBT) throughout pregnancy. These lymphocyte m ea surem ents w ere com pared to hormonal changes occurring during preg nancy to determ ine w hether or not hormonal levels have a significant correlation on the m aternal im m une response during gestation. Data from 100 women revealed no significant alteration of total T-cells or T-cell subsets during pregnancy or after parturition, as m easured by monoclonal antibodies. Helper-to-suppressor ratios were within normal limits. B-cells showed a significant decrease (P &lt; 0.001) during the post partum period. There was decreased lymphocyte responsiveness to mito-genic stim ulation by phytohem agglutin in-P (PHA-P), concanavalin-A (CON-A), and pokeweed m itogen (PWM) in the first, second and third trim esters (P &lt; 0.01). The mechanisms of fetal protection from m aternal imm une recognition rem ain obscure.
Role of the sample thickness on the performance of cholesteric liquid crystal lasers: Experimental, numerical, and analytical results

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We have studied the performance characteristics of a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) laser as a function of the sample thickness. The study has been carried out both from the experimental and theoretical points of view. The theoretical model is based on the kinetic equations for the population of the excited states of the dye and for the power of light generated within the laser cavity. From the equations, the threshold pump radiation energy Eth and the slope efficiency η are numerically calculated. Eth is rather insensitive to thickness changes, except for small thicknesses. In comparison, η shows a much more pronounced variation, exhibiting a maximum that determines the sample thickness for optimum laser performance. The predictions are in good accordance with the experimental results. Approximate analytical expressions for Eth and η as a function of the physical characteristics of the CLC laser are also proposed. These expressions present an excellent agreement with the numerical calculations. Finally, we comment on the general features of CLC layer and dye that lead to the best laser performance.
Novel 1-Hydroxypiperazine-2,6-diones\nas New Leads in the Inhibition of Metalloproteinases

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

New compounds containing a novel zinc-binding group (1-hydroxypiperazine-2,6-dione,\nHPD) have been identified as effective inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases\n(MMPs), with activities in the nanomolar concentration range. That\nmoiety seemed to bind the catalytic zinc ion of MMPs, revealing itself\nas a new potential substitute for the hydroxamate group in the next\ngeneration of metalloproteinase inhibitors. The X-ray crystal structure\nof <b>1b</b> elucidated its 3D conformation and supramolecular\npacking in solid state. Theoretical procedures were used to investigate\nthe binding mode of this class of compounds, within the active site\nof MMP13. A computational method involving docking and hybrid quantum\nmechanical and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) dynamic simulations was\ndeveloped and applied. This study suggested that the HPD moiety\nbinds bidentately to the catalytic zinc through its oxygen atoms.\nThe final structure obtained will allow straightforward drug design\napproaches in view of further optimization and development of new\nMMP inhibitors bearing the HPD moiety.
Changes in Vertical Stratification of Neotropical Nymphalid Butterflies at Forest Edges Are Not Directly Caused by Light and Temperature Conditions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Habitat fragmentation and land use changes threaten neotropical habitats and alter patterns of diversity at forest edges. Like other arthropod assemblages, neotropical fruit-feeding butterfly communities show strong vertical stratification within forests, with some recent work showing its potential role in speciation. At forest edges, species considered to be forest canopy specialists have been observed descending to the forest understory, with the similarity in light conditions between the canopy and understory strata at edges hypothesized to be responsible for this phenomenon. We conducted a study using standardized sampling to document and quantify this edge effect, characterize edge and forest strata, and estimate the relative contributions of temperature and light conditions to changes in nymphalid butterfly stratification at forest edges. We found strong evidence of an edge effect in these butterflies and confirmed strong differences in light and temperature, showing that the edge understory differs little from forest canopy conditions. Of 41 species common to both forests and edges, 28 shifted to have a lower canopy probability at the edge, and our model detected a decrease in canopy probability of 0.165. Furthermore, our analysis indicated the relative abundance of canopy taxa increased at the edge, and the tribes Haeterini and Morphini were especially sensitive to edge effects. However, the analyses here did not clearly implicate temperature or light magnitude in causing changes in neotropical nymphalid vertical stratification at forest edges. Instead, our results point to other mediator variables as being important for changes at tropical forest edges. From our data, edge-responsive species can be separated into two different categories, which likely relates to their resilience to anthropogenic disturbance. We also note that structural causal models have a potential place in future work on tropical conservation, given they can provide causal estimates with observational data.
Global repression of exotoxin synthesis by staphylococcal superantigens

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Virulent Staphylococcus aureus strains typically produce and secrete large quantities of many extracellular proteins involved in pathogenesis. Such strains cause the classical staphylococcal lesion—local tissue destruction and aggressive inflammation accompanied by the massive influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, leading to the formation of pus. Most strains causing toxic shock syndrome, however, produce and secrete very small quantities of most exoproteins although they elaborate high levels of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). These strains cause local infections that are remarkably apurulent although potentially fatal owing to the superantigen. We have analyzed this disparity and have found that TSST-1 itself is a negative global regulator of exoprotein gene transcription. TSST-1 not only represses most exoprotein genes but determines its own high expression level by autorepression. We report also that a second superantigen, enterotoxin B, has similar regulatory properties.
Epilepsy and Employment

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Epilepsy and Employment Get access D. L. McLELLAN D. L. McLELLAN Southampton University Rehabilitation Unit, Southampton General Hospital Requests for reprints should be addressed to: D. L. McLellan, Europe Professor of Rehabilitation, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO9 4XY. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Occupational Medicine, Volume 37, Issue 1, 1987, Pages 94–99, https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/37.1.94 Published: 01 January 1987
Construction of Chinese Medical Text Segmentation Model Based on Bi-GRU Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Word segmentation is a basic task of natural language processing, whose purpose is to correctly segment the text according to the context. Due to the vagueness, classical language, word order fixation, and unstructured characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) text, the problem of word segmentation has not been effectively solved. This paper uses 20, 000 TCM text collected from the Chinese medicine clinic of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2005 to 2020 as the data set, data set source URL: http://www.sdmlzy.com. By labeling the four-word position of the characters in the text of TCM text, the word2vec is applied, by using the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) variant bidirectional gate recurring unit Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and then using Viterbi algorithm to achieve the resolution of TCM text word segmentation. Experimental results show that the word segmentation model proposed in this paper simplifies the gate structure based on inheriting automatic learning features and using contextual information. The model is applied to the word segmentation of Chinese medicine text corpus, and the precision rate reached 93.26%.
Receptors for Gut Peptides and Other Secretagogues on Pancreatic Acinar Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The sections in this article are: Receptors for Secretagogues that Mobilize Cellular Calcium Receptors for Cholecystokinin and Structurally Related Peptides Receptors for Bombesin and Structurally Related Peptides Receptors for Muscarinic‐Cholinergic Agents Receptors for Physalaemin and Structurally Related Peptides Receptors for Secretagogues that Increase Cellular Camp Receptors for Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide and Secretin Receptors for Cholera Toxin Receptors for Calcitonin Gene‐Related Peptide Receptors for Natural Glucagon Contaminant
Computational assessment of microburst phenomena

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This Master Thesis is concerned with the transient simulation of microburst or wind shear, a metrological event which had been the cause of many aviation accidents. This thesis work is known for the validation and verification of the microburst of 2D and 3D simulation of microburst with numerical solution by using the computational fluid dynamics. By considering these factors, the thesis is progressed with the validation process; the numerical solutions are verified with various experimental solutions to affirm their accuracy and applicability. Then the s imulated steady velocity profiles and characteristics of microburst are analyzed and compared with the time-averaged data obtained from the experiments. By the use of simulated data, more insights on the entire formation process and the adverse effects caused by the wind shear would be revealed. It also contains the animation of the respective verification process, shows how the profile fully developed with flow under the certain conditions. The flows with respective velocity forms the microburst under stipulated conditions are analyzed with various experiments under different conditions. The obtained result data would useful for the generating the wind shear simulation for the pilot training in parallel research.
FN-Criteria for Risk Regulation and Probabilistic Design (PSAM-0275)

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Risk regulation is to strike a balance between socio-economic development and a safe society. Multi-fatality accidents can have wide repercussions and cause public anxiety. To limit the frequencies of these events, FN-criteria are widely used. In an FN-curve, the exceedance frequency is plotted as a function of the number of fatalities per accident. FN-criteria can also be practical tools for probabilistic design as they can provide engineers reference levels for evaluating risks. A simple method is presented with which it is possible to derive FN-criteria with various slopes for various hazardous activities. It illustrates that debate on the appropriate slope of an FN-criterion cannot be set apart from debate on its base point.
Abstract 205: Minimizing Post Procedural Bleeding Complications - A Quality Improvement Initiative

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives: The primary purpose of this study is to implement the National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR) CathPCI bleeding risk score pre-procedurally, in order to identify the patients who are at high risk for bleeding complications and secondly, to examine accurate documentation to decrease hemorrhagic complications among adult patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Background: Bleeding is one of the most common complications of PCI. The NCDR CathPCI bleeding risk score can predict patient risk for bleeding complications pre-procedurally. This tool is recognized as an assessment tool that can modify bleeding risk among adult patients undergoing PCI. This validated, individualized bleeding risk score (BRS) is useful in clinical decision making to promote quality of care, patient safety, and patient satisfaction and PCI outcomes. Specific outcomes evaluated in this project include number of blood transfusion and length of stay (LOS). Currently, this BRS tool is under utilized in the clinical setting. Methods: A cross sectional study design was implemented for this quality improvement project in a major medical center in the Northeast. Retrospective clinical data review was conducted for adult patients who underwent PCI prior to initiation of the NCDR CathPCI assessment tool. A data collection form was implemented to obtain this retrospective data related to bleeding complications. The NCDR CathPCI bleeding score tool was then implemented for adult patients who underwent PCI. Prospective data collection after implementing NCDR cathPCI bleeding risk tool is in progress. Results: The preliminary findings of the retrospective data review prior to implementation of the NCDR CathPCI bleeding score suggests that, 34.4% of the patients who received blood transfusions had documented bleeding complications (hematoma 15.6% (10 of 64); retro-peritoneal bleeding 9.4% (6 of 64); gastrointestinal bleeding 9.4% (6 of 64). Only 14.1% (9 of 64) of these patients had a drop in hemoglobin of 3grams from the baseline prior to transfusion. There was also a lack of documentation of hematoma size. Chronically anemic patients who received blood transfusion without bleeding complications accounted for 65.6% (42 of 64) of the patients reviewed in the retrospective data review. Average LOS of patients who required blood transfusion was an average of 1.34 days when compared with patients who did not develop bleeding complications. Final results of the prospective data analysis post implementation of the NCDR CathPCI assessment tool are pending. Conclusion: Pending.
Cover Caption: Special Issue: Root Architecture

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Water and mineral acquisitions from the soil under limiting conditions are strongly influenced by the architecture of the root system. Comparison of reconstructed 3D root architecture models for lowland IR64 and upland rice genotypes illustrates contrasting root traits adapted to different soil environments (see Piñeros et al. pp 230–241 for details). This special issue is dedicated to most recent advances in plant root architectural studies.
Understanding Iran-Hamas Relations from a Defensive Neo-Realist Approach

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper aims at understanding the dynamics behind the Iranian support for the Sunni Palestinian group Hamas by analyzing the mutual relations from a defensive neo-realist approach. The paper begins with a historical overview of Iran-Hamas relations and the periods that saw these relations being improved or deteriorated. It then addresses the defensive neo-realist approach in terms of the basic ideas proposed by Kenneth Waltz, the founder of the theory of neo-realism, and the differences between his view and the offensive approach suggested by John Mearsheimer and others. The third part of the paper examines the defensive neo-realist analysis on the relation between states and non-state actors by testing Iran as an inspector for soft power in the Sunni-majority region, and, the probable threat that can be defended by this relation. It also deals with the difficulties averting Iran from becoming the sole hegemon in the region and how Iran takes advantage of this relationship to maintain a dominant role in the Middle East and how the latest rapprochement between two Gulf countries and Israel would contribute to consolidate that relation.
Activation of human cyclin-dependent kinases in vitro.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have analyzed the activation of human cyclin-dependent kinases in a cell-free system. Human CDC2, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), cyclin A, and cyclin B1 were produced in insect cells by infection with recombinant baculoviruses. CDC2 or CDK2 monomers in lysates of infected cells could be activated by the addition of lysates containing cyclin A or B1. CDC2 activation by cyclin B1, as well as CDK2 activation by cyclins A and B1, was accompanied by the formation of high molecular weight complexes. In contrast, CDC2 did not bind effectively to cyclin A. CDC2 activation by cyclin B1 was studied in detail and was found to be accompanied by phosphorylation of CDC2 on Threonine 161. The binding of CDC2 to cyclin B1 also occurred under conditions where CDC2 phosphorylation was prevented, resulting in an inactive complex that could then be phosphorylated and activated on addition of cell extract. Highly purified CDC2 and cyclin B1 also formed inactive complexes that could be activated in an ATP-dependent fashion by unidentified components in crude cell extracts. These data suggest that the CDC2 activation process begins with cyclin binding, after which CDC2 phosphorylation, catalyzed by a separate enzyme, leads to activation.
Work Autonomy and Workplace Creativity: Moderating Role of Task Complexity

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In the present global business environment, organizations need different approaches for overcoming the current demands and future challenges for which a creative workplace is a prerequisite. To understand workplace creativity in depth, we need to examine the interactions between personal and contextual characteristics as well as interactions among the contextual characteristics in an organization. Although researchers have attempted to understand the interactions between personal and contextual characteristics, enough attention has not been paid to the interactions among the contextual variables of employee creativity. In the present study, an attempt has been made to examine the interacting role of task complexity with work autonomy in contribution towards workplace creativity. The study has been carried out upon 304 information technology (IT) professionals working in different IT companies located in the Kochi and Trivandrum region of the state of Kerala. Findings reveal that the three dimensions of work autonomy, namely, work method autonomy, work schedule autonomy and work criteria autonomy have a direct positive contribution towards workplace creativity. Direct positive contribution towards workplace creativity is also exhibited by task complexity. As far as the moderating effect is concerned, task complexity is found to moderate significantly the relationships of work criteria as well as work schedule dimension of work autonomy with workplace creativity.