jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Gene Deficiency in Activating Fcc Receptors Influences the Macrophage Phenotypic Balance and Reduces Atherosclerosis in Mice

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Immunity contributes to arterial inflammation during atherosclerosis. Oxidized low-density lipoproteins induce an autoimmune response characterized by specific antibodies and immune complexes in atherosclerotic patients. We hypothesize that specific Fcc receptors for IgG constant region participate in atherogenesis by regulating the inflammatory state of lesional macrophages. In vivo we examined the role of activating Fcc receptors in atherosclerosis progression using bone marrow transplantation from mice deficient in c-chain (the common signaling subunit of activating Fcc receptors) to hyperlipidemic mice. Hematopoietic deficiency of Fcc receptors significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion size, which was associated with decreased number of macrophages and T lymphocytes, and increased T regulatory cell function. Lesions of Fcc receptor deficient mice exhibited increased plaque stability, as evidenced by higher collagen and smooth muscle cell content and decreased apoptosis. These effects were independent of changes in serum lipids and antibody response to oxidized low-density lipoproteins. Activating Fcc receptor deficiency reduced pro-inflammatory gene expression, nuclear factor-kB activity, and M1 macrophages at the lesion site, while increasing anti-inflammatory genes and M2 macrophages. The decreased inflammation in the lesions was mirrored by a reduced number of classical inflammatory monocytes in blood. In vitro, lack of activating Fcc receptors attenuated foam cell formation, oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory gene expression, and increased M2-associated genes in murine macrophages. Our study demonstrates that activating Fcc
Ozonated Oil as a Desensitizing Protocol in External Dental Bleaching: A Clinical, Randomized and Double-Blind Study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Aims: This research aimed to evaluate the action of ozonized oil associated with an obliterating desensitizing agent in reducing post-dental bleaching sensitivity. Study Design: This was a randomized, prospective, double-blind, split-mouth study, in which the patient and evaluator were blinded to the distribution of the groups. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Dentistry Clinics of the Local University from June to December 2021. Methodology: Forty patients were selected and divided into two groups according to the desensitizing agent used: control group (GC) - potassium nitrate and sodium fluoride and treatment group (GT) - sunflower oil ozonized and glutaraldehyde. In-office bleaching was performed with 35% hydrogen peroxide in a single clinical session. The following variables were evaluated: I – the intensity of sensitivity at different times in the same group; II – the intensity of sensitivity at different times in different groups; III- global sensitivity; IV - worse pain and V - color change, which was evaluated at the beginning of treatment and one week after the end of the treatment with the help of a VITA color scale. The risk analysis of tooth sensitivity of both groups was compared using McNemar's exact test. To analyze the intensity of tooth sensitivity, the Wilcoxon and Friedman tests were used, P < 0,05. Results: The study revealed that there were significant differences in the risk and degree of tooth sensitivity between the test and control groups. Out of the total participants, 14 did not experience sensitivity, while 66 did. The test group exhibited lower pain scores at 35 and 40 minutes compared to the control group. In the intragroup analysis, significant differences were found within both the test and control groups across multiple time intervals. The analysis of global sensitivity showed significant differences between the treatment approaches, with the group receiving the specific treatment demonstrating lower sensitivity values compared to the control group. However, there were no significant differences in the worst pain between the treatment approaches. Regarding bleaching effectiveness, there were no statistically significant differences between the test and control groups. The comparison did not show a significant variation in bleaching effectiveness. Conclusion: The protocol showed promising results as a less invasive and discomfort-free method. However, the study was limited to using only one bleaching agent, and further research with different bleaching agents could provide additional insights.
ERIC ED090054: An Analysis of Reinforcement and Feedback within an Auto-Tutorial Plant Taxonomy Module.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study involved the use of an auto-tutorial system (plant taxonomy module) and its effect on cognitive learning. Student performance was investigated and compared for two groups, one of which received immediate reinforcement and feedback while the other group did not. Two biology teachers, from a group of 14, were randomly selected to participate in the study. Two groups of 24 students were randomly chosen from two lists of 150 students in the classes of these teachers. The first 24 students were the control group. Pre- and posttests containing 25 multiple choice responses were used to measure student performance. Data were analyzed using a multiple linear regression program. The investigators found (1) the I.Q. (obtained from data on the California Test of Mental Maturity in school records) of the students produced a significant difference in cognitive gains in both systems, and (2) the system employing immediate reinforcement and feedback produced significant and greater gains in cognitive learning than did the system without immediate reinforcement and feedback. (Authors/PEB)
"State Competition in the Market for Firms"

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In the U.S., states compete to attract firms by offering discretionary subsidies, but little is known about how states choose their subsidy offers, whether such subsidies affect firms' location choices, and what effect the subsidies have on economic growth. In this dissertation, I leverage a unique, hand-collected dataset on state incentive spending and subsidy deals to provide new evidence on state subsidy-giving and economic development policies. In Chapter 1, I use an oral ascending (English) auction to model the subsidy "bidding" process and estimate the efficiency of subsidy competition. The model allows state governments to value both the direct and indirect (spillover) job creation of firms when submitting bids, and firms to take both subsidies offered and state characteristics into account when choosing their location. I estimate both the distribution of states' (revealed) valuations for firms that rationalizes observed subsidies, and firms' valuations for state characteristics. In order to allow states to value potential spillovers, I estimate the effect of subsidy-winning firms' locations on the entry decision of smaller firms. I provide the first empirical evidence that states use subsidies to help large firms internalize the positive spillovers, in the form of indirect job creation, they have on the states. Moreover, subsidies have a sizable effect on firm location. With subsidies, total welfare (the sum of state valuations and firm profits) increases by 22%, but the welfare gain is captured entirely by the firms. In the second chapter, I study political motivations for subsidy-giving. I identify the effect of corporate campaign spending on state subsidy-giving to firms by exploiting variation created by the 2010 Citizens United v. FEC Supreme Court case, which allowed corporations to spend on elections in 24 states that previously had spending bans. I find that treatment states are 23 percentage points more likely to give a second subsidy to a firm that is already located in the state. My results suggest that campaign spending is likely a factor in states' subsidy-setting decisions. Lastly, in joint work with Owen Zidar, I spend more time describing the structure of state business incentives, and provide some preliminary analysis on whether or not they work. We compare "winning'' and runner-up locations for each subsidy deal, and do not find strong evidence that discretionary subsidies increase employment and economic growth within a county. Overall, firms make location and investment decisions to maximize after-tax profits, which depend strongly on non-tax factors such as wages, market access, productivity, and amenities. Although larger establishment shares are associated with higher per capita incentive spending at the state level, increases in incentive spending do not lead to increases in establishment entry, as poorer places are more likely to provide larger incentives.
Advanced engines for non-conventional kinematic chains in agriculture

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To intensify agricultural production in the market environment, it is necessary to reconstruct the whole economic mechanism considering energy efficiency. This calls for the search of new ideas for alternative designs and engine types that can raise the performance of heat engines to a new level while keeping their use in vehicles, machinery, and small energy facilities feasible. One of the options is the displaced shaft rotary engine. This article analyses the kinematic and dynamic metrics of the engines of this type and presents the calculations of these metrics for the prototype. Key advantages and disadvantages of this type of engine in terms of working process dynamics are set out. It is also compared to the reciprocal internal combustion engine of the same structural dimensions.
A study of local anesthetics in respect to their antiseptic properties

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

An inquiry into the antiseptic properties of local anesthetics is interesting for two reasons: Firstly, in relation to the healing of post-operative wounds and secondly in connection with genito-urinary practice, where these drugs are introduced into the bladder cavity and may thus directly influence its bacterial flora. The following local anesthetics were studied by the authors: cocain, novocain, alpha-eucain, beta-eucain, stovain, holocain, alypin, apothesine and benzyl alcohol. Bacteriological tests were made in three ways. Firstly, the growth of bacteria in bouillon containing small amounts of the anesthetics was studied. Secondly, bacteria were suspended in weak solutions of the anesthetics for definite periods of time, then washed, and planted in various media in order to determine whether they will grow or not. Thirdly, bacteria were planted on agar impregnated with the various drugs and their growth in this medium was noted. It was found that some local anesthetics possess definite antiseptic properties, while others are entirely devoid of such. It was interesting to find that the chief local anesthetics in use, namely, cocain and novocain, possess no antiseptic properties. On the other hand, some of the other bodies studied and in particular, benzyl alcohol, beta-eucain and holocain, showed distinct antiseptic properties. The fuller data will appear in due time in the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.
Inactivation of protein translocation by cold-sensitive mutations in the yajC-secDF operon

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Most mutations in the yajC-secDF operon identified via genetic screens confer a cold-sensitive growth phenotype. Here we report that two of these mutations confer this cold-sensitive phenotype by inactivating the SecDF-YajC complex in protein translocation. In bacteria, the Sec system provides the general route by which proteins are transported across or inserted into the cy-toplasmic membrane. In Escherichia coli, the Sec system is composed of eight different proteins. The integral membrane proteins SecY, SecE, and SecG (SecYEG) constitute a hetero-trimeric protein conducting channel complex to which the pe-ripherally bound motor protein, the SecA ATPase, associates to form the core of the translocation machinery. The integral membrane proteins SecD, SecF, and YajC (SecDF-YajC) are organized in a distinct complex that can associate with the SecYEG complex (5). Biochemical analysis of the protein translocation reaction in vitro and structural analysis of com-
The uniqueness theorem for finite φ- representations of algebras

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In the present paper we consider φ-representations of algebras. (The concept of a φ-representation is denfined in [7] more generaly.) we characterize such representations in terms of congruence relations (see Theorems 1 and 2). The main result of our paper is a unique factorization theorem (cf. Theorem 3). This result implies some classical theorems on direct and subdirect products.
Biocontrol capacity of Beauveria brongniartii (Sacc.) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) in the control of aphids Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Aiming to develop alternative technologies in controlling aphids (Macrosiphum euporviae), the biocontrol ability of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria brongniartii and Metarhizium anisopliae evaluated. Par study native fungi of 3 parts of the central highlands (Achacachi , Viacha and Patacamaya) , which is isolated from the mummified insects and purified in the laboratory, the isolates were as fungi of the genus Beauveria result and Metarhizium were collected. Of these isolates its initial concentration was removed and all were adjusted to the minimum concentration lodged in one of the isolates was 9.5 x 10⁴conidia/mL at these concentrations the virulence test was performed for 144 hours , where isolated 2BbVch , 1BbAch , 3BbPtm 1MtAch and produced more than 50 % mortality , indicating that the genus Beauveria isolates proved to be better . With isolates that demonstrated improved mortality were subjected to a second test determining the lethal time 50 and 80 ( LT50 ) ( TL80 ) where 2BbVch isolated showed a lower time control 50 and 80% with 78 aphids 1 and 123.8 hours respectively . 50 and the lethal concentration 80 ( IC50 ) was determined, (IC80), where it was observed that the isolated 1BbAch 2BbVch and require minimal concentrations of 2.5 × 10⁴ and 5.1 x 10⁴ conidia/mL, to control 50% of aphids as a concentration of 1.3 x 10⁵ to 1.8 x10⁵ conidia/mL for 80 % control of aphids.
Three-dimensional two-photon laser fabrication for metals, polymers, and magneto-optical materials

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The three-dimensional (3D) two-photon laser fabrication techniques for metal, polymer, and magneto-optical structures are presented. Two-photon-induced reduction of metal complex ions was developed to create 3D metal micro/nano structures. Owing to the inhibition of unwanted growth of metal nano crystals using surfactant molecules, we have successfully improved the spatial resolution of fabricated metal structures down to 100 nm in linewidth. Arbitrary shaped 3D silver structures with high electric conductivity were fabricated. Two-photon-induced photopolymerization technique has been applied for the photonic wire bonding. We have demonstrated the optical interconnection of III-V based DFB lasers and photo detectors by polymer wires with optical coupling loss less than 0.3dB. We also applied two-photon laser irradiation technique for the modification of the magnetic properties of cerium-substituted yttrium iron garnet crystal (CexY3-xFe5O12: Ce:YIG). A Ce:YIG layer was epitaxially-grown on a monomagnetic garnet (<111>-SGGG) substrate. 3D fs laser scanning in the Ce:YIG layer creates the micrometer patterns of both refractive index and magnetic properties change of the crystal. We demonstrated the micro/nanometer scale patterning of both optical and magnetic properties in the Ce:YIG crystal.
COMPONENT COMPOSITION OF THE BIODEGRADATION PRODUCT OF FALLEN LEAVES BY BASIDIOMY-CETES PLEUROTUS PULMONARIUS (STRAIN PP-3.2)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Today, plant waste, including fallen poplar leaves (litter), are a promising raw material for the production of useful products using bioconversion, such as protein feed additives. The aim of this study was to study the component composition of the products obtained as a result of the bioconversion of leaf litter. The strain PP-3.2 Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél. In the process of substrate conversion, strain PP-3.2 primarily utilizes extractives and easily hydrolyzable polysaccharides, the amount of which decreases by 44 and 36%, respectively. The total content of polysaccharides is reduced by 20%, lignin substances - 9.4%. The loss of substrate mass based on leaf litter was 23%. The product obtained after cultivation contains 28% protein. Analysis of the amino acid composition of the protein showed a high rate of phenylalanine with tyrosine (115), threonine (117.5), valine (110) and isoleucine (105%). Also, the biodegradation product has a high content of glutamic and aspartic acids (11.2 and 25.3% of the total amino acids, respectively). The levels of cadmium, lead and copper revealed as a result of studies do not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations established by the veterinary department. At the same time, there is a high content of iron (166.0 μg/kg) and zinc (256.7 mg/kg) in the feed product. The digestibility of the product is 54%, the content of nucleic substances is up to 0.3%. Thus, the results obtained show the possibility of using the product of the conversion of poplar fallen leaves as a protein feed additive.
Availability of educational materials and training courses on blue economy and marine spatial planning (MSP): A global review

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This study reviews the available education material and training courses on Blue Economy and Marine Spatial Planning. The two concepts are relatively new and communities, researchers and therefore marine ecosystem and resource managers need to understand them better through training or experience. Education curriculum for the concepts respond to its complexity, current status and trends for a holistic comprehension. 47 courses sampled indicate Europe as the leading blue economy and marine spatial planning course hosting region and curriculum development. Training courses form the bulk of the courses offered and target mostly professionals with marine related educational background. Ongoing courses and on demand courses also make the largest percentage of the courses offered. The review further shows that there is an ongoing increase in educational material and training sources related to these concepts while embracing technology by having virtually available on-demand courses. Reduction or removal of fees on the on demand or short training courses will attract and encourage more participants.
Psychotherapy: A tool to prevent postoperative delirium?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The value of psychotherapy in surgical patients suffering from postoperative delirium is unclear. Options for the treatment of established postoperative delirium are few; therapy largely relies on the avoidance of postoperative delirium facilitating factors, like specific drugs and environmental factors in the perioperative setting. Established medical therapies’ efficacy in terms of decreasing incidence of postoperative delirium is very low. The aim of this project is to suggest new therapeutic options in the form of cognitive behavioural therapy as a possible preventive and psychotherapeutic treatment of postoperative delirium. Life expectancy in developed countries increases worldwide and both the need for surgical treatment and the probability of postoperative delirium occurrence increase with age. Due to the necessity of addressing the individual’s negative consequences of postoperative delirium and to optimise socioeconomical needs, new therapeutic options for the treatment of postoperative delirium are desperately needed.
Pengaruh Social Media Marketing Dan Service Quality Terhadap Consumer Purchase Decision

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine the effect of social media marketing and service quality on consumer purchase decisions at Falala Chocolate Bali. The influence you want to know is partial or partial influence. This research uses a quantitative approach using explanatory research which explains the causal relationship between variables through testing the hypotheses that have been formulated. This study used a sample of 131 respondents. Sampling used a non-probability sampling technique and a purposive sampling method with a minimum age characteristic of 17 years, owning and understanding using social media and having purchased Falala Chocolate Bali products within the last 3 months. This study uses the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) to perform multiple linear regression tests. The results of this study indicate that social media marketing has a positive and significant effect on consumer purchase decisions, service quality has a positive and significant effect on consumer purchase decisions. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh social media marketing dan service quality terhadap consumer purchase decision di Falala Chocolate Bali. Pengaruh yang ingin diketahui adalah pengaruh sebagian atau parsial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan jenis explanatory research yang menjelaskan hubungan kausal antara variabel-variabel melalui pengujian hipotesis yang telah dirumuskan. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel sebanyak 131 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Teknik non probability sampling dan metode purposive sampling dengan karakteristiktik usia minimal 17 tahun, memiliki dan mengerti menggunakan media sosial dan pernah melakukan pembelian pada produk Falala Chocolate Bali dalam kurun waktu 3 bulan terakhir. Penelitian ini menggunakan Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) untuk melakukan uji regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa social media marketing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap consumer purchase decision, service quality berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap consumer purchase decision.
Effects of Phase III Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs on Health-Related Quality of Life in Elderly Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Juntendo Cardiac Rehabilitation Program (J-CARP).

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this prospective randomized controlled trial was to assess the impact of phase III comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in elderly patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Thirty-eight elderly males (mean age, 70 years) with CAD were stratified as the intervention group (n=20) and the control group (n=18). In the intervention group, patients participated in CR for 6 months, whereas in the control group, they received standard care. Validated questionnaires were obtained to evaluate HRQOL using the Medical Outcome Study Short-Form 36 Health Status Survey (SF-36), State-trait anxiety inventory questionnaire (STAI) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) at baseline and after 6 months. At baseline, scores of SF-36 except for general health, STAI and SDS were not different in either group. After 6 months, in the intervention group, scores of bodily pain, general health, vitality and mental health of SF-36 improved significantly compared with baseline. State anxiety scores also improved significantly (p<0.01), but SDS depression scores were not improved. In the control group, none of the parameters significantly changed. These results indicate that elderly patients with CAD should be vigorously encouraged to pursue CR even in chronic phase III.