jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Adapting pesticides effect studies to stingless bees: a colony level feeding study with Melipona quadrifasciata

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

\n Pesticides effects on pollinators and representativeness of native species in ecological risk assessment and studies are an increasing concern. Stingless bees are especially important in Brazil, a major agricultural producer. Given the lack of colony-level data, a feeding study methodology for Melipona quadrifasciata was proposed and tested with the toxic standard dimethoate. Free foraging colonies at five sites were offered sugar syrup containing 0 (C), 75 (T1), 100 (T2) and 200 (T3) &mu;g dimethoate/Kg and assessed weekly up to five weeks after exposure. Dimethoate concentration was analytically verified in the artificial syrup and honey from colonies. Pollen from pots was identified throughout the experiment. Actual concentrations in the syrup were 75-117% of nominal levels and low dissipation/dilution occurred in honey pots during the study. Mean numbers of foragers, brood, honey pots, proportions of brood mortality and incomplete honey pots, behavior and colony survival were significantly affected in T3 colonies, compared to control. Transient effects on brood mortality and incomplete pots (T1) or on number of new cells (T2) were observed at the lowest concentrations, but were rapidly recovered and may not be treatment related. Pollen diversity varied between sites, but no clear treatment differences were observed. The proposed methodology allowed identification of suitable parameters for colony-level studies using M. quadrifasciata, and of the no-observed effect concentration (nominal: 100 &mu;g/Kg)\n
On a New British Plant.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

On a New British Plant Get access Joshua Clarke, Esq., F.L.S. Joshua Clarke, Esq., F.L.S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 5, Issue 20, May 1861, Pages 187–188, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1861.tb01049.x Published: 06 January 2009
Progress report on research on human genetics in Iceland

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Records of the Icelandic population are being used to investigate the possible inheritance of disabilities and diseases as well as other characteristics and the effect of environment on man. The progress report of research covers the period from 1977 to 1980. The investigation was begun in 1965 by the Genetical Committee of the University of Iceland and the materials used are demographic records from the year 1840 to present and various medical information. The records are being computerized and linked together to make them effective for use in hereditary studies.
A study on "Five-Year Program for Veterinary Services".

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

livestock. all over the world. need to be developed at nationallevel is considered as a strategic seeter. Especially due to epidemic diseases which becomes more important in war conditions, veterinary medicine service was conducted by "UmOr-u Baytarlye Department" which was established 14 June 1920 in Ankara . during the War of Independence. After the declaration of the Republic , ızmir Economy Congress was collected in 1923. As a part of decisions taken in this Congress in the framework of veterinary services with the aim of the reorganization , "Five Year Program for Veterinary Service s" was prepared in 1924. Specified in the program between objecti ves , improvement of animal breeds and reproduction , yield enhancement of the product to evaluate, parks , markets, fairs and other places to encouraging manufacturers to create environment, epidemic disease prevention , adequate and competent staffto bring up issues such as are available.
M2 macrophage-secreted Slit3 intensifies sympathetic nerve function in adipose tissue and enhances thermogenesis: A long-term cold adaption way

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Beiging of white adipose tissue (WAT) is capable of adaptive thermogenesis and dissipating energy. The beiging processes have been associated with the increase of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, however the function of M2 macrophage on beiging and the underlying mechanism are not fully understood. Here we identified a macrophage cytokine Slit3 by analyzing the transcriptome of M2 macrophages collected with FACS in inguinal WAT (iWAT) of mice after cold exposure. Once released from macrophages, Slit3 bound to the ROBO1 receptor on sympathetic neuron and activated tyrosine hydrolase (TH) through PKA and CaMKⅡ signaling, and thus stimulated norepinephrine (NE) synthesis and release. NE acts on adipocytes and stimulate thermogenesis. Adoptive transfer of Slit3-overexpressing M2 macrophages to iWAT depot acquired local adipocytes with beiging phenotype and enhanced thermogenesis. In addition, mice bearing the myeloid inactivation of Slit3 were cold intolerant and gained more weight due to the lowered metabolic rate. Collectively, we demonstrate Slit3 is a macrophage cytokine and promotes beiging and thermogenesis through intensifying the sympathetic nerve function. As the expanded M2 macrophages are integral cell population in adipose tissue, the macrophage-Slit3-sympathetic neuron-adipocyte axis assures the long-term cold adaption.
Risk of being undernourished in a cohort of community‐dwelling 85‐year‐olds: The Octabaix study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives To describe the prevalence of the risk of being undernourished in a community‐dwelling population of 85‐year‐olds, and to study associated factors. Methods A cross‐sectional community‐based survey of 328 inhabitants assigned to seven primary healthcare teams was carried out. Geriatric assessment was based on sociodemographic variables, the Barthel Index ( BI ), the Lawton Index ( LI ), the S panish version of the Mini‐Mental State Examination, the Charlson Comorbidity Index, chronic diseases, social risk measured by G ijon's Social‐Familial Evaluation Scale, prescriptions and blood tests. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment ( MNA ). Participants were defined as being at risk of undernourishment when they had a MNA score above or equal to 23.5. A comparative analysis was carried out between patients with and without risk of being undernourished, and a multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out. Results The prevalence risk of being undernourished was 34.5%. A statistically significant association was found with being female ( OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.28–4.54), LI ( OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.29–1.66), social risk ( OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02–1.29) and prescription drugs taken ( OR 5.58, 95% CI 2.09–14.92). Cardiovascular prescription showed a protective association ( OR 4.34, 95% CI 1.78–10.0). N o statistical differences between the risks of being undernourished were found in the laboratory analysis. Conclusions There is a high risk of being undernourished in 85‐year‐old subjects. This nutritional status was positively associated with being female, disability, increased social risk and a high number of prescription drugs, whereas there was a protective relationship with cardiovascular prescription. In evaluations of nutritional status in the community, a multidisciplinary assessment is more valid than analytical findings. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2014; 14: 702–709.
SH596468.07FU

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Influence of aquaculture management practices and water quality on bacterial occurrence in fish culture units in Kenya

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Aquaculture management practices and water quality parameters influence bacterial occurrence in fish farms. This study aimed to identify the water quality parameters and aquaculture practices that cause bacterial occurrence in fish culture units in Machakos and Nyandarua counties. A cross-sectional study involved administering questionnaires to 46 randomly selected fish farmers and sampling water quality from fifteen selected fish farms from the two counties. The physico- chemical parameters collected and analyzed included; Temperature, turbidity, pH, organic matter content and dissolved oxygen levels in the fifteen selected farms. According to the findings, 45% of farmers in Nyandarua and 65% in Machakos use home-made feeds. All farmers in Nyandarua and 96% of farmers in Machakos use untreated pond water sources. Six heavy metals were detected from the water samples; Manganese, Iron, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium and Potassium. Eight of the 15 sampled ponds had Manganese levels exceeding tolerable level of 0.05mg/L. Nine of the 15 ponds had Iron levels above the optimum of 0.3 mg/L. Fourteen of the 15 ponds had Magnesium levels below 75mg/L while 13 of the 15 ponds had Calcium levels below 75 mg/L. Only one of the 15 ponds had sodium levels below 1mg/L while four out of the 15 ponds had potassium levels below 1 mg/L. Bacteria genera isolated included Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Enterococcus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Flavobacterium, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Hafnia, Kurthia, Rhodococcus, Citrobacter, Exiguobacterium, Pseudarthrobacter and Lysinibacillus. The study reveals less compliance with biosecurity measures and good management practices for rearing fish in both counties which may result in high risk of heavy metal contamination. As a result, there is need for policy makers at national and county government levels to address these inadequacies through education and capacity building to enhance fish production.
Sixteen Years in the lndian Country: The Journal of Daniel Williams Harmon 1800-1816

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Find information about UTP Journals. University of Toronto Press is Canada’s leading academic publisher and one of the largest university presses in North America, with particular strengths in the social sciences, humanities, and business. The Book Publishing Division is widely recognized in Canada for its strength in history, political science, sociology, Indigenous studies, and cultural studies. Internationally, UTP is a leading publisher of medieval, Renaissance, Italian, Iberian, Slavic, and urban studies, as well as studies in book and print culture.
Neoliberal Mining amid El Niño Induced Drought in the Philippines

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In recent years the government of the Philippines, acting in adherence to the principles of neoliberalism, has encouraged large-scale mining as a method of achieving economic development. The islands of the Philippines are, however, highly vulnerable to El Niño induced drought. Mining can interfere with groundwater resources, aggravate an El Niño induced drought, and deprive the rural poor of much needed water thus causing a disaster wherein a natural hazard impacts a vulnerable population. The possibility of mining adversely interacting with El Niño induced drought is aggravated by the deforestation of the Philippines and may well worsen due to anthropogenic climate change. Subjecting mining projects to environmental impact assessment and the mining industry’s purported use of best practices in environmental management appear to be ineffective methods for ameliorating the risks posed by mining amid El Niño induced drought. These risks have generated substantial civil society opposition to mining in the Philippines.
Spotting and Dealing with Signs of Chronic Liver Disease: A Guided Tour

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A thorough physical examination is often most rewarding in the evaluation of the patient for liver disease, as abnormal findings that occur in many organ systems can indicate not only the presence of advanced hepatic dysfunction but also its severity. An important global assessment is that of the nutritional state, including protein-calorie malnutrition, muscle wasting and paradoxically obesity that may be causative. Aside from jaundice and spider nevi, there are many dermovascular signs in patients with liver disease, including palmar erythema, several forms of telangiectasia, clubbing of the fingers and occasionally toes, other nail abnormalities, and the sparse hair and gynecomastia of feminization. Some abnormalities are accompaniments of causes of liver disease, such as the rashes of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and porphyria cutanea tarda, alcohol-induced facial flushing in rosacea, and parotid gland enlargement in alcoholism. Cutaneous lipid deposits – xanthelasmas and xanthomas – excoriations and prurigo nodularis, indicate the severity of cholestasis. The cardiac examination may suggest the presence of portopulmonary hypertension, and there may be pleural effusions (hepatic hydrothorax) too. Cephalad-flowing dilated superficial abdominal wall veins indicate a cirrhotic cause for ascites. Umbilical herniation is common and at risk for rupture. Caput medusa is a rare finding that indicates portal hypertension and umbilical vein recanalization. Neurological signs of cirrhosis include fine tremors that, like the hand flapping of asterixis, document hepatic encephalopathy, while Kayser-Fleischer rings and choreoathetosis point to Wilson disease. Alcohol excess leads to cerebral atrophy, cerebellar degeneration and peripheral neuropathy, all of which should be detected clinically.
Cobalt-Manganese Oxide/Carbon-nanofiber Composite Electrodes for Supercapacitors

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Composite electrodes consisting of Mn-Co oxide and high electrical conductive carbon nanofibers(vapor grown carbon nanofiber, VGCF)(CoMnO2/VGCF) were prepared by thermally decomposing manganese and cobalt nitrates directly onto the pore of a porous nickel foam substrate as a current collector to form manganese and cobalt oxides, and their supercapacitive properties were investigated using cyclic voltammetry in 1M KOH aqueous solution. The CoMnO2/VGCF electrodes exhibited high specific capacitance value of 630 F/g at 5 mV/s and excellent capacitance retention of 95% after 104 cycles.
DNA vaccine based on live attenuated Salmonella leads to tumor regression and prolongation of survival in mice.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective: To study the possibility of oral cytokine gene therapy using live attenuated Salmonella as a vector against tumor. Methods: A live attenuated AraA- autotrophic mutant of Salmonella typhimurium (SL3261) was used as carrier for eukaryotic expression vectors EGFPN1 pCMVmIL-12,which was administered orally to BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. After 6 weeks,these mice were challenged with 4T1 or Lewis tumor cells respectively. Flow cytometer and confocal were used to detect the expression of GFP in mice tissues. PCR and ELISA were used to detect the integration and expression of mIL-12 gene. The survival time of mice was also investigated.Results:GFP expression and mIL-12 gene integration could be detected in mice's liver,spleen,intestinal,kidney and tumor. The serum levels of mIFN-γ and mIL-12 increased significantly in the mIL-12 orally treated mice (P0.05); which resulted in the prolongation of the survival time of those mice compared with the control group(P0.05). Conclusion: Oral gene therapy using live attenuated Salmonella has the potential to be a simple, effective and above all, safe way against tumor.
Interrupt nesting method based on time slice in embedded software

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposed an interrupt handler with a time slice, which is enabled to complete the executing sections of low priority interrupt within the time period of the time slice. This method could not only reduce the numbers of interrupt threads rotations but also save the space to record the interruption scene for interrupt execution. The experimental part used the two types of interrupt handlers by the ordinary queuing model and inserting time slices consecutively, to simulate two-priority interrupt processing in a system. The comparison of simulation experiments shows that: the interrupt handler with time slices could obviously reduce the rotation number of interrupt handling thread switched, thereby saving the space for the interruption of site preservation and providing a reference for further research on the interruption of embedded systems.
Estimation of Bioavailability of L-lysine·H_2SO_4 to L-lysine·HCl in Broiler Chickens with Slope-Ratio Model

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The experiment was conducted to assess the bioavailability of L-lysine·H2SO4 to L-lysine·HCl in broilers.Four concentrations of L-lysine·H2SO4 and L-lysine·HCl(0.9,1.8,2.7 and 3.6 g/kg diet)were added to a basal diet that met the nutrient requirements of broilers except for lysine.These chickens responded significantly to the supplements in daily weight gain,feed intake,feed conversion ratio,nitrogen retention and plasma urea nitrogen during each period(4 to 21 d,22 to 42 d and 4 to 42 d).Regression analysis showed that the bioavailability of L-lysine·H2SO4 to L-lysine·HCl was 0.93,0.86 and 0.95 for daily gain,feed conversion efficiency and nitrogen retention,respectively,during the starter period,and was 1.01,1.36 and 1.06 respectively during the grower period(22 to 42 d).As a rusult,it was 0.99,1.07 and 1.03 respectively for the overall period(4 to 42 d),when the bioavailability of L-lysine·HCl was set at 1.0.The bioavailability of L-lysine·H2SO4 differed with different response criteria.The average bioavailability of L-lysine·H2SO4 to L-lysine·HCl was 1.03 on an equimolar basis in the present study.In conclusion,L-lysine·H2SO4 and L-lysine·HCl were equally efficacious to broiler chickens.
Negative regulation of the Nrf1 transcription factor by its N-terminal domain is independent of Keap1: Nrf1, but not Nrf2, is targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Nrf1 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45 subunit-related factor 1) and Nrf2 regulate ARE (antioxidant response element)-driven genes. At its N-terminal end, Nrf1 contains 155 additional amino acids that are absent from Nrf2. This 155-amino-acid polypeptide includes the N-terminal domain (NTD, amino acids 1–124) and a region (amino acids 125–155) that is part of acidic domain 1 (amino acids 125–295). Within acidic domain 1, residues 156–242 share 43% identity with the Neh2 (Nrf2-ECH homology 2) degron of Nrf2 that serves to destabilize this latter transcription factor through an interaction with Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1). We have examined the function of the 155-amino-acid N-terminal polypeptide in Nrf1, along with its adjacent Neh2-like subdomain. Activation of ARE-driven genes by Nrf1 was negatively controlled by the NTD (N-terminal domain) through its ability to direct Nrf1 to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ectopic expression of wild-type Nrf1 and mutants lacking either the NTD or portions of its Neh2-like subdomain into wild-type and mutant mouse embryonic fibroblasts indicated that Keap1 controls neither the activity of Nrf1 nor its subcellular distribution. Immunocytochemistry showed that whereas Nrf1 gave primarily cytoplasmic staining that was co-incident with that of an endoplasmic-reticulum marker, Nrf2 gave primarily nuclear staining. Attachment of the NTD from Nrf1 to the N-terminus of Nrf2 produced a fusion protein that was redirected from the nucleus to the endoplasmic reticulum. Although this NTD–Nrf2 fusion protein exhibited less transactivation activity than wild-type Nrf2, it was nevertheless still negatively regulated by Keap1. Thus Nrf1 and Nrf2 are targeted to different subcellular compartments and are negatively regulated by distinct mechanisms.
Stabilizing Reconfiguration in Wireless Sensor Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A commonly desired feature of large-scale, multi-hop, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is the ability to reconfigure them after deployment. This reconfiguration could be as simple as changing a single parameter or as complex as replacing the entire application. Several protocols have been proposed to enable reconfiguration in WSNs, most of which use version numbers to distinguish new configurations from old ones. Due to constraints on memory and message sizes, version numbers are bounded and use wraparound arithmetic to handle rollover. While this simple scheme works well in the common case, we identify in this paper, a serious version management problem in existing protocols due to which a reconfiguration operation may never stabilize. We analyze potential causes of this problem and its effects on the quality and lifetime of the network. Through extensive simulations and experiments, we demonstrate the significant likelihood of this problem occurring in real deployments. Finally, we provide a solution to this problem using a novel approach which we call human-in-the-loop stabilization. Our stabilizing reconfiguration protocol uses local detectors and correctors that can detect version inconsistencies and prevent their propagation in a timely and efficient manner, while ultimately allowing the human operator to restore the network to the correct configuration. Our simulations and experiments also demonstrate the performance benefits of our solution over previous, non-stabilizing protocols
The Development of a Bookshelf of Interventions for Service Users and Carers in In-patients and Home Based Treatment Services to Be Used by All Staff

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

To refocus acute services from an assessment dominated approach to being interventions centred. To provide staff with accessable, easily navigated and relevant (to those acutely unwell) intervention options to be done with service users in an empowering recovery focused way. To equip acute care staff of all grades and disiplines to better meet the recovery needs of service users. To use link node MAPS (Maximising Access to Psychosocial Skills) as a key intervention with a strong evidence base in subtance misuse services and an emerging trend in Mental Health services. Workshops were facilitated with between 30 – 50 attendess including service users, medical staff, psychologists, occupational therapists, physiotherapists and nurses. These workshops identified the recovery needs of service users when entering acute services. These were experienced in three phases: when i first arrive, what needs to happen for me to get better and planning for discharge. MAPS were then developed specific to each area of need. A websight was built with all MAPS arranged in a bookshelf and accessable via an icon on each staff members desktop. 300 staff are currently being trained regarding the above. Their evaluation is unanamously positive particularly around it's relevance to service users needs and its easy access. This is a dynamic toolbox / website owned by staff who will regularly change its content as they find new MAPS and research that works for service users who are acutely unwell. For weblink details please contact the author.