jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Multimodal Environment for the Simulation and Training of Maintenance Operations: A Case Study

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The paper describes the development of a multimodal environment that can be used as a tool to train operators to perform maintenance tasks of industrial products during their lifecycle. The environment provides a visual and haptic representation of a product through the use of commercially-available hardware and software technologies. The new environment mixes interactive simulations of products, based on Virtual Reality technologies, and the information included in the traditional instruction manuals. The paper discusses about what can be effectively simulated with the available technology, and how the current technological limitations can be overcome by using the potentialities offered by a multimodal approach. Technology limitations can also be overcome by mixing two different strategies for coupling parts: the physics-based and the constraint-based approach. A case study provided by a company working in the field of household appliances has been used to prove the concept, to develop, test and finally refine the multimodal environment. The paper describes the development of the multimodal environment and presents the results of the user tests.
A study on the genus Fissidens Hedw. (Musci) of Achanakmar Sanctuary (Chhattisgarh)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An illustrated morpho-taxonomical account of 5 species of the genus Fissidens Hedw. viz., F. involutus Mitt. subsp. curvato-involutus (Dix.) Gangulee, F. subpulchellus Norkett, F. diversifolius Mitt., F. taxifolius Hedw., F. sylvaticus Griff. var. auriculatus (C. Muell.) Gangulee of Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary (Bilaspur Division, Chhattisgarh) has been provided for the first time.
Trade and Productivity

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We find that international trade has an economically significant and statistically robust positive effect on productivity. Our trade measure is imports plus exports relative to purchasing power parity GDP (real openness), which we argue is preferable on theoretical grounds to the nominal measure conventionally used. We also find a significantly positive aggregate scale effect. Our estimates control for proxies of institutional quality as well as geography and take into account the endogeneity of trade and institutional quality. Our analysis of the channels through which trade and scale affect productivity yields that they work through total factor productivity.
Azole Antihelminths

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The antihelminth drugs that are most commonly used in dermatology are the two benzimidazole carbamates, albendazole, which was first approved in 1983, and mebendazole, which was introduced in 1972. These long-established agents are used in both human and veterinary medicine. Both albendazole and mebendazole have broad-spectrum antihelminth activity. They are most commonly prescribed for the treatment of nematode infestations, including roundworm, whipworm, threadworm and hookworm. Albendazole and mebendazole have a similar adverse effect profile, with fewer effects reported for mebendazole, probably because of very low absorption. In spite of these, albendazole is considered a safe drug, given the extensive clinical experience using it over decades. Albendazole and mebendazole are not recommended in pregnancy because animal studies showed teratogenic and embryotoxic effects. Low concentrations of albendazole and its active metabolite are detectable in breast milk after a single dose of albendazole 400 mg.
Multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor harmonic control based on space vector modulation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Firstly, This paper studied the principle and the model of the 15-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, and gives the modeling process. Secondly, this paper studied and analyzed the limitation of the traditional fundamental plane control technology that used in the multiphase motor control systems, and presented a harmonic plane vector control method that appropriate for the multiphase motor control systems, gives the principle and the model of harmonic plane vector control technology. Finally, this paper built the model of the fundamental plane control system and the harmonic plane vector control system, gives some conclusions. The result of simulation shows that the harmonic plane vector control method presented by this paper is feasible, the control effect of the system is favorable and the harmonic content of the current was reduced obviously.
Alabama’s Enterprise Zones: Designed to Aid the Needy?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Alabama Enterprise Zone Act established 27 zones across the state. The act provides incentives to business firms that locate within an approved zone in an effort to attract desperately needed jobs. Zone status was purported to be based on economic need as measured by five variables. In this article, the selection process is closely examined. The authors find that the selection criteria were frequently ignored in favor of political concerns. The results suggest that a policy designed to help needy individuals in the state was convoluted by the political process.
BETTER EFFICACY IN HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT WITH PERINDOPRIL/INDAPAMIDE (PER/IND) STRATEGY COMPARED TO SEQUENTIAL OR STEP BY STEP STRATEGIES. STRATHE STUDY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Andréjak, M.; Zannad, F.; Laville, M.; Duru, G.; Mourad, J. J.; Waeber, B. Author Information
Syibhul Iddah as a Form of Justice for Women Mubadalah Perspective

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Iddah is one of the consequences that women must undergo after a divorce, whether in divorce due to divorce, or divorce due to death. The Quranic provision on iddah is an absolute provision that must be followed. The legal basis for iddah is found in the Qur'an letter Al-Baqarah verse 228, letter Al-Ahzab verse 49. Iddah obligations are also regulated in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) in article 170 paragraph 1 the wife is obliged to observe the iddah period, while in article 170 paragraph 2 it is explained that men observe the iddah period according to propriety. Of course, this has experienced problems in terms of relations between husband, wife and children, the families concerned, and women again experience discrimination where women have to run the iddah period according to a predetermined time while men do not run this appropriate term there is no specification of the length of time that is run, it seems that it is only a formality. The purpose of this research is to find out whether syibul iddah is a form of justice for women, to find out the impact of benefits for women and men with the existence of syibhul iddah in the view of maslahah mursalah and syibhul iddah as legal reform (social engineering) in Indonesia. This paper uses a library research method, using a descriptive analysis approach, namely by describing the text in KHI and other regulations in Indonesia regarding the existence of iddah then analysed using mubadalah. From this explanation, the result of the author's analysis is that syibhul iddah has a good impact on household relations because it provides justice for women and also provides benefits for the prevention of covert polygamy against women. Syibhul Iddah is needed in life as a legal reform (social engineering).Keywords: Syibhul Iddah, Mubadalah, Maslahah Mursalah, Social Engineering.
Localization of Mobile Robot Based on Fusion of Artificial Landmark and RF TDOA Distance under Indoor Sensor Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we propose a robust and real-time localization method for dynamic environments based on a sensor network; the method combines landmark image information obtained from an ordinary camera and distance information obtained from sensor nodes in an indoor environment. The sensor network provides an effective method for a mobile robot to adapt to changes and guides it across a geographical network area. To enhance the performance, we used a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and artificial landmarks for self-localization. Experimental results showed that global localization can be achieved with high robustness and accuracy using the proposed localization method.
The Study of Boron-Lined Honeycomb Neutron Detector with a Multi-Wire Proportional Chamber Readout

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Boron-lined honeycomb convertor neutron detector (BHCND) exhibits high detection efficiencies, good spatial resolution and is a potential alternative to 3 He detectors for the application of neutron scattering. However, due to the unsatisfactory electrons' migration efficiencies, the neutron detection efficiency is lower than the simulated result. A new design of the BHCND using a multi-wire proportional chamber (MWPC) readout is proposed in this paper. Unlike the gas electron multiplier (GEM) used in the former work, the MWPC can collect and multiply electrons from both its upper and lower sides, thus the honeycomb neutron converter can be separated into two parts or even more, with the MWPC readout placed between them. As a result, the electrons' migration distance is shortened by half. The Garfield++ simulations show that the electrons' migration efficiencies are significantly improved. The equivalent energy deposition of the neutron signal is enlarged. Finally, the neutron detection efficiencies of the new BHCND with natural boron increase to 24.2%, with a 96 keV threshold set to discriminate noises and gamma-rays.
Histopathological study of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a severe febrile disease caused by a Flavivirus.Four serotypes of dengue virus (DEN 1-4) are present and the large majority of DHF occurs following a secondary infection with a different serotype. About 0.5 million people in the world develop DHF annually with 24,000 deaths. Pathogenesis of the disease is still not fully understood. Target cells include dendritic reticulum cells, monocytes, lymphocytes, hepatocytes, and vascular endothelial cells.
Objectives: To describe the histopathological changes in the liver, lungs, heart, brain, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and kidneys in fatal DHF.
Materials and methods: Tissue from seventeen autopsies following DHF were processed routinely and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Histopathological changes in the liver, lungs, heart, brain, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and kidneys were studied.
Results: Fifteen of 17 cases showed a liver pathology which included submassive necrosis (1/15), bridging necrosis (2/15), midzonal (3/15) and centrilobular necrosis (4/15), focal necrosis (2/15), apoptosis (1/15) and macrovesicular steatosis (7/15). Pulmonary haemorrhage was present in 13 cases and pulmonary oedema in 6 cases. Glomerular congestion and haemorrhage were seen in 6 and medullary congestion with haemorrhage was present in 9 cases. Gastrointestinal mucosal haemorrhages were seen in 8. One patient showed myocarditis and one showed myocardial haemorrhages. Cerebral oedema was present in 8 cases In 13 out of 17 cases the spleen showed red pulp congestion and haemorrhage.
Conclusion: DHF is a systemic viral infection causing multiorgan pathology. Liver, lungs and spleen are the most commonly affected organs.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jdp.v8i1.6790
Journal of Diagnostic Pathology 2012 (8); 1:50-58
Growth Defect and Mutator Phenotypes of RecQ-Deficient Neurospora crassa Mutants Separately Result From Homologous Recombination and Nonhomologous End Joining During Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract RecQ helicases function in the maintenance of genome stability in many organisms. The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa has two RecQ homologs, QDE3 and RECQ2. We found that the qde-3 recQ2 double mutant showed a severe growth defect. The growth defect was alleviated by mutation in mei-3, the homolog of yeast RAD51, which is required for homologous recombination (HR), suggesting that HR is responsible for this phenotype. We also found that the qde-3 recQ2 double mutant showed a mutator phenotype, yielding mostly deletions. This phenotype was completely suppressed by mutation of mus-52, a homolog of the human KU80 gene that is required for nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), but was unaffected by mutation of mei-3. The high spontaneous mutation frequency in the double mutant is thus likely to be due to NHEJ acting on an elevated frequency of double-strand breaks (DSBs) and we therefore suggest that QDE3 and RECQ2 maintain chromosome stability by suppressing the formation of spontaneous DSBs.
Scepticism

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The history of scepticism is assumed by many to be the history of failed responses to a problem first raised by Descartes. While the thought of the ancient sceptics is acknowledged, their principle concern with how to live a good life is regarded as bearing little, if any, relation to the work of contemporary epistemologists. In Scepticism Neil Gascoigne engages with the work of canonical philosophers from Descartes, Hume and Kant through to Moore, Austin, and Wittgenstein to show how themes that first emerged in the Hellenistic period are inextricably bound up with the historical development of scepticism. Foremost amongst these is the view that scepticism relates not to the possibility of empirical knowledge but to the possibility of epistemological theory. This challenge to epistemology itself is explored and two contemporary trends are considered: the turn against foundationalist epistemology and towards more naturalistic conceptions of inquiry, and the resistance to this on the part of non-naturalistically inclined philosophers. In contextualizing the debate in this way Gascoigne equips students with a better appreciation of the methodological importance of sceptical reasoning, an analytic understanding of the structure of sceptical arguments, and an awareness of the significance of scepticism to the nature of philosophical inquiry.
Physics and microbial ecology of a buoyant estuarine plume on the continental shelf

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The MECCAS (Microbial Exchanges and Coupling in Coastal Atlantic Systems) Project was initiated in 1984 with support from the National Science Foundation to study the flow regime of buoyant plumes and the microbial ecology of pelagic communities that characterize these plumes. The project is interdisciplinary, with physical, chemical, and biological components (Table 1). Our goal is to determine how physical and biological processes influence the production and cycling o f carbon and nitrogen o n time and space scales that characterize the physics of plumes and the growth of microbial populations within plumes.
High Soil Erosion Potential Areas and Their Prioritization for Rehabilitation using a Modified Relative Erosion Potential Index In the Upper Bued River Watershed, Tuba, Benguet, Philippines.

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Evaluation of Soil Erosion Potential Measures indicates the suitability of using a rescaled Relative Erosion Potential Index (over USLE, RUSLE and MUSLE) in the Upper Blue River Watershed. 500 x 500m cell raster coding of average slope (in %, from quadrant search), land cover, and porosity (derived from soil type) enabled simple multiplication of average rainfall of the rainiest month, average slope, WRI-supplied values for soil type and land cover/use which gives rise to the Relative Erosion Potential (REP) index. Rescaling (from 0 to 1 for minimum and maximum) of the REP index facilitated statistical classification of the rescaled REP cell scores, resulting in the identification of 12 areas warranting priority work for rehabilitation. These 12 areas are marked by steep to very steep slopes (all >50%), grassland cover, and are dominated by porous soil types. Six of these areas, in order of priority, are within the watershed, namely Camp 6, NE Camp 5, SE PMA, NW Camp 4, East Camp 3, and NE Sto. Tomas areas. The other six areas lie outside of the watershed; Philex North, Philex Minesite, NW Sto. Tomas, Banget are mostly within the Philex mining operations where reforestation is ongoing. The Saddle and Acupan Areas are astride the Philex Road. Vegetative measures, such as tree species, especially those endemic to the area and suited to high elevation, steep slopes, thin, calcareous, lateritic or acidic soils are recommended. Vines and creeping plants, including bamboo and rattan which will hold and protect the soil from direct rainfall impact, retain moisture, provide organic matter, retard runoff, and provide products for domestic consumption and commercial use are also recommended. Simple engineering measures at smaller scales for runoff control such as check damns, wattling, fascines and slope protection such as riprapping are recommend if proven to be cost-effective relative to the value of the downstream sites to be protected. The methodology, as well as results of this study, can be improved with updated land cover data and consideration of soil loss potential due to mass movement. Results of this study are recommended to be disseminated and discussed with relevant stakeholders to hasten progress in mitigating soil loss in the area.
Control of HIV Infection Dynamics

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This article describes a drug scheduling method based on a reduced-order model, which does not require estimates of all of the parameters and states of the full-order model. To this end, we divide the full-order model into two subsystems, one of which is modified to approximate the full-order model. We show that the suggested method drives the HIV patient state into the LTNP region of attraction. This article is organized as follows. First, the problem under consideration is formulated, and a description of the HIV infection model is provided. Then, measurement methods for the states of the HIV model are surveyed. Subsequently the HIV infection model is modified to yield a reduced-order model. Finally, two control strategies based on this modified model are presented along with simulation results. The article concludes with a discussion and ideas for future work.
Thermolysis and sensitivities of solid propellants using characterized nano oxidizers involving energy performance evaluation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This investigation was devoted to exploring the thermal decomposition and sensitivity characteristics of solid propellants using nano-AN and nano-AP as oxidizers. The morphology, surface elements, and crystal structure of nano-AP and nano-AN were investigated by SEM, BET, EDS, and XRD. DSC and TG-MS were used to investigate the thermal decomposition mechanism of nano-AP and nano-AN solid propellants. The mechanical sensitivity of the different solid propellants containing nano-AN and nano-AP was tested and their energy performance was also evaluated. The results show that the microscopic morphology of nano-AN and nano-AP is network-like with the one-dimensional scale less than 100 nm, and the crystal phases of the two are consistent with the raw AN and raw AP, respectively. The thermal decomposition activation energy of AN/CMDB-4 propellant containing nano-AN is 717.46 kJ/mol, while that of AP/HTPB-6 propellant containing nano-AP is 422.33 kJ/mol. The main decomposition products of AN/CMDB-4 propellant are CO2, N2O, NO, CH2O, CO, N2, H2O, CH4 and H2. The products of CO2, N2O, NO, CH2O, CO, N2, H2O, CH4 and H2 are also generated during the decomposition of AP/HTPB-6 propellant. With the increase of nano-AN and nano-AP in propellants, the mechanical sensitivity of AN/CMDB solid propellant decreases, while that of AP/HTPB solid propellant increases. The theoretical standard specific impulse Isp of AN/CMDB and AP/HTPB propellants are 2439.5 N·s/kg and 2449.3 N·s/kg, respectively. The above conclusions show that nano-AP and nano-AN can improve the thermal decomposition performance and the safety of solid propellants, which are expected to be widely used in solid propellants.
Russian army justifies its reforms. OSW Commentary No. 109, 2013-06-25

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation have been more active than usual since mid-\n-February this year, holding a number of previously unannounced military exercises aimed at\ntesting combat readiness. They have also maintained, for many months, a Russian warship\ntask force in the Mediterranean in connection with the civil war in Syria. Those activities stand\nout of the usual training routine of the Russian army. They have no precedent in Russia’s recent\nhistory in terms of the size of the forces involved, the measures employed, the territorial\nspan, the number of exercises, or the scheduling and mode of carrying out the drills. The last\ncombat-readiness tests on this scale were carried out by the Soviet army in the 1980s. The intensity\nof the Russian Navy’s activities in the Mediterranean and the military means engaged\nare comparable, in due proportion, with the activities of the Soviet fleet during the Vietnam\nwar. The Russian leadership, including president Vladimir Putin, has been directly following\nthe recent activities of the Russian Armed Forces and their evolution.
Analysis of outcomes and prognostic factors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients treated by MCP841 protocol: A regional cancer center experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: A dramatic improvement in the survival of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients in the last three decades has been observed. MCP 841 protocol is an old but effective tool with tolerable toxicities. The objective of this study was to estimate the relapse-free survival of ALL patients treated uniformly with MCP 841 protocol on the basis of various prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: The study design was retrospective and it was conducted in a regional cancer center of Northwest India. Three hundred and ten ALL patients who underwent treatment with MCP 841 protocol and regular follow-up for up to 5 years were selected for this study. Relapse-free survival was calculated by Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the hazards ratio (HR) using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software for windows version 20.0. Results: Fifty-four percent patients were <15 years of age and 69% were males. 53.2% patients were in remission at the end of 5 years of starting the treatment. Relapse-free survival at 5 years by Kaplan–Meir analysis for B-cell ALL was 62% [HR 0.67 {95% confidence interval (CI) 0.47-0.95}] with patients with unknown lineage taken as reference] while for T cell it was 28% [HR 1.41 (95% CI 1.19-1.63), P 0.001]. Patients with total leukocyte count (TLC) <1 lakh/cmm at presentation, relapse-free survival was 68% and those with TLC >1 lakh/cmm had 41% survival [HR 2.14 (1.76-2.48) with, P < 0.001]. Conclusion: MCP 841 protocol is a useful tool for the treatment of ALL in children when more aggressive protocols can not be used.