jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Impact of Non-Tariff Barriers in the EEU: Results of Enterprise Surveys

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

After the establishment of the Customs Union (CU) and the Single Economic Space (SES), Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia have repeatedly stated the need to eliminate exemptions, limitations, and barriers to mutual trade in goods and services. This report represents the first stage of a study on the economic impact of reduction within the SES and the emerging Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) of non-tariff barriers (NTBs) to trade among Member States. It gives an overview of works on the definition and classification of NTBs, and the quantitative assessment and calculation of the economic effects of NTBs reduction. The report also presents the results of surveys and interviews with enterprises and companies of Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Russia that export goods and services to the markets of the CU and EEU. These surveys and interviews revealed respondents’ views on the NTBs they face when exporting to each of the partner states. They also obtained quantitative estimates of NTBs as a percentage of the value of exported goods, which made it possible to estimate the costs of each of the NTBs to the enterprises.
Category specific recall in acute stroke: a case with letter speech

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Category selective recall in spontaneous speech after stroke has been reported only rarely. We recently described three cases demonstrating transient number speech in the acute stage of left hemispheric stroke and hypothesized a link with multilingualism and mathematical proficiency. In this report, we describe a similar case with a transient episode of utterances of randomly selected letters. Like in the three previous cases, this episode was preceded by a brief stage of mutism and ultimately evolved to Wernicke's aphasia over a period of days. This phenomenon is reviewed with reference to linguistic models and neuroanatomic and neurophysiological correlates.
Metabolic syndrome risk unexpectedly predicted by traditional food consumption: shifting food systems and health among the Awajún of the Peruvian Amazon

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

We suggest that the unexpected relationship between traditional food consumption and metabolic syndrome may be due to substantial reductions in the diversity of traditional foods. Currently available traditional foods are primarily high in carbohydrates and are supplemented with cheap, non-perishable, and carbohydrate heavy market food items.
Optical emission imaging and spectroscopy during femtosecond laser ablation of thin metal films on flexible polymer substrates

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In this experimental investigation thin metal films (Pd, Cr, and Ti) on flexible polymer substrates are ablated by single femtosecond laser pulses. By use of high speed imaging and spectroscopy the optical emission of ablated material and plasma is recorded temporally and spatially. The ablation plume splits into two components, a fast component with a mainly atomic emission spectrum and a slow component with a broad continuum spectrum. Temporal evolutions of plume components for all three elements are compared and correlations to observations in scanning electron microscopy images of ablation craters are drawn. The results of this study provide insights into the mechanisms of ultrafast laser ablation of thin metal films on flexible polymer substrates.
Immersive Learning Practices at SCMS School of Technology and Management, Kochi, India – A Case Study

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Immersive learning is defined as a method where the students are immersed into a learning process, where a feeling of getting immersed is created either by use of technology or by using narratives such as a book. Training industry states that immersive learning “places individuals in a learning interactive environment either physically or virtually to replicate possible scenarios or teach particular skills or techniques.” Engaging students in the classroom and making them learn is a biggest problem today. Dale (1969) pointed out that the retention among students is seen to be higher where they learn by doing things. Immersive learning helps students to get a feel of the topics taught. Of late, this concept of immersive and experiential learning has gained importance and more with the introduction of India’s National Educational Policy 2020. This method focuses on providing a real time experience to students with an enhanced learning. The objective of this case study is to investigate the teaching learning processes at SCMS School of Technology and Management (SSTM). Being under the university system it has certain limitations. This study tries to understand how SSTM bridges the gap that exists in the university curriculum to provide a holistic learning experience to the students of the Master of Business Administration (MBA) program. It tries to provide a glimpse of the immersive learning practices, strategies adopted and skills students acquire during their two years program at SSTM. This case study uses a qualitative research design. This is a single intrinsic study that focuses on immersive learning practices at SCMS School of Technology and Management. Although the study is qualitative it uses quantitative data to support and justify the study. Required data was collected from various documents such as course plans, program schedules, student reports, evaluation sheets, placement records, and feedback. Data was also collected through observations and in-depth study of relevant documents. Immersive learning practices at SSTM are uniquely crafted to provide students a greater learning experience. These practice have been found to improve the various skills of students thereby preparing them to take up managerial roles in organizations. These practices have helped the students in their holistic development, enabling them to be successful in the placements drive. Keywords: Immersive Learning, Experiential Learning, learning strategies
Studies on the Growth of Tobacco Roots : V. Studies on the elongation of isolated roots in vitro

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In order to examine the growth potency of excised roots varying in length, diameter and density in the culture medium, some experiments were tried on the view point of tissue culture. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The elongation of isolated roots was better in the order of the class, A.B.C and D roots whose length were 8, 16, 24, 34 and 43 mm respectively. With regard to the growth within the same class, longer excised roots gave better result in compared with shorter ones. 2. The optimum number of root for the growth in liquid medium was found to be 5∼7 when the roots were used excised to the length of 10∼20mm. 3. The optimum root diameter for the growth of isolated roots was 0.42 mm at the base of root cap. On the other hand, the roots with larger diameter gave inferior effect.
STEM-28. TARGETING KIF11 TO RADIOSENSITIZE GLIOBLASTOMA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor, and is incredibly lethal, with less than 10% of patients surviving more than 5 years after diagnosis. These tumors are routinely treated with radiotherapy, although we and others have shown that there is a subpopulation of GBM cells, called cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), that are radio-resistant, and do not respond to this standard therapy. We aim to overcome the radio-resistance of GBM CSCs by using radiotherapy in combination with a KIF11 inhibitor. We previously reported that the mitotic kinesin KIF11, required for bipolar spindle formation during mitosis, is elevated in GBM and portends poor prognosis. We also demonstrated that invasiveness and self-renewal of CSCs could be targeted with ispinesib, a small molecule inhibitor to KIF11. Furthermore, survival of mice bearing orthotopic glioblastoma was prolonged with KIF11 inhibition, although tumor burden increased with cessation of treatment. To combat tumor recurrence after treatment cessation, we proposed to use a KIF11 inhibitor with radiotherapy. KIF11 inhibitors will arrest cells in G2/M, where they are most sensitive to radiotherapy. By enriching CSCs in G2/M, we hypothesized that we would overcome CSC radio-resistance to decrease CSC viability and improve survival. We first tested the efficacy of combining a KIF11 inhibitor and irradiation in vitro. We found that using combination therapy to treat CSCs significantly decreased CSC survival over vehicle or either treatment used as a monotherapy. We then investigated the effects of combination therapy in vivo. Using a KIF11 inhibitor combined with irradiation increased survival of mice bearing orthotopic glioblastoma. Our results suggest that targeting KIF11 in combination with radiotherapy is a promising technique to overcome the radio-resistance of CSCs, and holds potential to significantly improve treatment outcomes and extend survival of patients with GBM.
Etude de l'approche de l'interopérabilité par médiation dans le cadre d'une dynamique de collaboration appliquée à la gestion de crise

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Organizations should be able to take part into opportunistic and brief collaborative networks. However, they should also control their identity. The MISE project (Mediation Information System Engineering) aims at dealing with that issue from the information system point of view. The main principle is to design a specific third part mediation information system (MIS) in charge of, first, orchestrating the collaborative workflow of the collaborative network and, second, managing information (carrying and translating data). Designing such a MIS is based on a model-driven engineering approach (MDE). Considering crisis management field, it is obvious that such a domain requires opportunistic collaboration of heterogeneous partners involved in the crisis response (furthermore, crisis management is a very dynamic process where agility is a crucial point). Directly linked to the French funded ISyCri project, this PhD research work presents the overall approach for MIS design in a crisis management context.That MDE approach is based on three steps: (i) “Business” level: a collaborative process model is deduced from a knowledge base represented through an ontology. (ii) “Logical” level: an abstract service-oriented architecture of MIS is built, based on a model transformation from the previously obtained collaborative process model. (iii) “Technical” level: all the required deployment files are generated (including BPEL file), based on another model transformation, from the logical architecture. Besides, agility is a strong requirement for such a MIS. Therefore, these three steps are integrated, as independent software components, in a service-oriented architecture of a MIS-design tool. This solution brings structural flexibility to the overall approach by allowing partial redesign of the MIS (at theexpected step)
Delay-Dependent Robust and Reliable Stabilization for Uncertain State-Delayed Systems with Actuator Failures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper focuses on the synthesis problem of robust and reliable stabilization for linear systems with norm bounded time varying parameter uncertainty in the state and delayed state matrices and also with actuator failures among a pre specified subset of actuators. LMI (linear matrix inequality) method is given for the memoryless state feedback synthesis problem to quadratically stabilize the given systems. The results depend on the size of the time delay via Lyapunov candidate with double integral. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method.
The Advantage and Impact of CIRC-Typed and Problem-Based Cooperative Learning Models on Students’ Mathematical Argument

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Mathematics learning in undergraduate education level mostly used group discussion and problem-based approach.Hence, every undergraduate student should have good argumentation skill.However, they often felt difficult to construct and propose their mathematical arguments.Therefore, this study applied cooperative learning model which type referred to Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) and Problem-Based Learning (PBL).This study aimed to describe whether or not the difference of students' argumentation skills between those using CIRC and those using PBL:, in addition to showing the cause of such difference.It was an experimental research with randomized control group pretest and posttest design.Two classes were used as experiment classes, and another one class was used as control class.One experiment class applied CIRC and another one applied problem-based learning method, while the control class applied conventional learning.90 students participated as the sample of this study.The instrument was test of mathematical argumentation skill.The result found that (1) the students' mathematical argumentation skills were not significantly different between those using CIRC and those using Problem-Based Learning method; (2) the students' mathematical argumentation skills were not significantly different between those using CIRC and those using conventional method; (3) the students' mathematical argumentation skills were significantly different between those using PBL and those using conventional method.Hence, CIRC and PBL brought effects to students' mathematical argumentation skills.
In the Middle: Fiction, Borders, and Class

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Although the idea of the border has figured decisively in the shaping of U.S. literature since its inception and has illuminated new contexts for studying the literature of the Americas, the value for exploring, setting, and crossing boundaries has been steadily erased from U.S. literary history. Primarily this erasure has been conducted in critical endeavors to nationalize literary culture, efforts that were Eurocentric at first, later New England based, and ultimately modernist, a consolidation that needed to obliterate or undo the differentiating force of the merely local. So ravaged has the idea of the border been that in postmodern literary history no connection between past conceptions and present definitions seems to obtain. Lost, however, is the power of the border to generate a complex historicizing of trans-national American literatures. And in U.S. literary history, this means that an understanding of the formative category of class is squandered. I aim to repair this state of critical affairs by reconstituting the history of U.S. border literature through a discussion of how and why border literature came to be the province of the middle class, the class that anxiously projected its fear of U.S. [End Page 89] corruption and immorality onto border realms; to do so, I will also suggest how the prevailing regionalist impulse in middle-class U.S. fiction turned elsewhere in the hemisphere.
Comparative proteomics of oxidative stressed Arabidopsis thaliana thylakoid membranes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In higher plants, chloroplasts are the site for the photosynthetic reactions, converting solar energy to chemical energy. Within the chloroplast the thylakoid membrane network encloses the soluble lumen compartment. Until recently the knowledge of the lumen composition and function was limited, but a more profound understanding of the thylakoid lumen content is gradually emerging. The discovery that the thylakoid lumen contains numerous enzymes, besides the already known proteins directly involved or associated with the photosynthetic reactions, have changed the view on this compartment.The first part of the thesis the lumen proteome maps of Arabidopsis and spinach were resolved. These two proteome maps showed good correlation and the same protein groups were represented in the two proteomes. Thirty eight proteins were identified and in combination with an in silico prediction for the proteome it was estimated that at least 80 different proteins are lumen located.The second part was to further investigate the functions of two lumen localized proteins, the cyclophilin AtCYP20-2 and peroxiredoxin Q (PrxQ). AtCYP20-2 is suggested to be responsible for the major peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIase) activity in the lumen. In AtCYP20-2 knockout mutants the total PPIase activity is not altered, instead AtFKBP13 may be oxidatively activated to compensate for the loss of AtCYP20-2. With respect to the PrxQ protein we were able to show that it is a lumenal protein that seems to exist as a soluble pool in the lumen as no interaction with the thylakoid membrane could be detected.In the last part of this thesis the dynamics of the thylakoid membrane and lumen proteome were studied during oxidative stress. Important changes to the proteome were observed in response to the stress treatment, including abundance changes of proteins related to photosynthesis, as well as proteins not previously identified in relation to stress.
Gender Differences in the Effect of Medical Humanities Program on Medical Students' Empathy: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective: Previous studies have suggested that Medical students' empathy declines during medical school, especially during clinical studies. The aim of this study was to examine whether humanities curriculum and admission system affect empathy changes during the first clinical year in medical school. Methods: In this prospective longitudinal study, 262 students were assessed during the fourth-year of medical school. Empathy was assessed before and at 4 th -year-end, using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Student Version (JSPE-S). The study included three cohorts, differing in humanities curriculum [limited Medical Humanities (MH (lim) ) vs. extended Medical Humanities (MH (ext) )], and in admission system [Personal Interview (PI) vs. multiple mini interviews (MMI)]. Results: Among women, but not among men, MH (ext) as compared to MH (lim) was associated with significantly higher JSPE-S at the beginning (118.47±11.43 vs. 110.36±9 .97, p <0.001), and end of 4 th -year (117.97±12.86 vs. 111.49±14.42, p <0.001), (p=0.009). Admission system was not associated with JSPE-S at the beginning or at the end of the 4 th year. Conclusion: Among women, extended MH program had a positive effect on empathy at the beginning of the first clinical year, as compared to the limited program. This effect persisted through that year. However, in men MH program did not affect empathy. Adopting MMI-based admission system had no measurable effect on students’ empathy. Extensive educational program can enhance and sustain empathy in medical students during the first clinical year following the program. Gender differences in response to medical humanities programs requires further study.
Three Essays on Foreign Entrepreneurs

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This article provides a summative overview of the author’s doctoral dissertation, which comprises three papers exploring different aspects of foreign entrepreneurship. The first paper asks whether foreign entrepreneurial firms perform better with a foreign owner-manager or a hired domestic manager. The second paper investigates how foreign entrepreneurs’ personal relocation preferences may affect their decisions to manage their own firms and draws out implications for venture performance. The final paper explores how media coverage of a city affects location choices of foreign firms and how this effect varies for investors with little private information, such as foreign entrepreneurs.
Network analysis of LPS-responsive genes in CD8 and CD11b DCs.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

<p>Individual network analyses were carried out on the transcriptional response of (A) CD8 and (B) CD11b DCs stimulated in vivo with LPS as compared to steady-state. Subnetwork analysis was used to enrich networks in an unbiased manner for interactions with differentially expressed genes. The full subnetworks for each subset (Right Panels) were edited to show a smaller core network for ease of visualisation while retaining the original topology. These smaller core networks include those genes with the largest Hub degree (interconnectivity with other genes in the full subnetwork), all core LPS response molecules, and key subset-specific modulators interacting with these genes. Subset-specific nodes are labelled in blue (unique to the CD8 subnetwork) or orange (unique to the CD11b subnetwork), while nodes labelled in black text are present in both subnetworks. The size of each node is proportional to its Hub degree, while node colour indicates relative gene expression (+LPS/−LPS). Square nodes represent core LPS response molecules. The full subnetwork diagrams, made using the Cytoscape plugin Cerebral to show the cellular localisation of each gene, are displayed in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0100613#pone.0100613.s003" target="_blank">Figures S3</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0100613#pone.0100613.s004" target="_blank">S4</a>, while a list of nodes/network characteristics is provided in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0100613#pone.0100613.s010" target="_blank">Tables S5</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0100613#pone.0100613.s011" target="_blank">S6</a>.</p>
10,000 Resolved Triples from Gaia: Empirical Constraints on Triple Star Populations

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We present a catalog of ∼10,000 resolved triple star systems within 500 pc of the Sun, constructed using Gaia data. The triples include main-sequence, red giant, and white dwarf components spanning separations of 10–50,000 au. A well-characterized selection function allows us to constrain intrinsic demographics of the triple star population. We find that (a) all systems are compatible with being hierarchical and dynamically stable; (b) mutual orbital inclinations are isotropic for wide triples but show modest alignment as the systems become more compact; (c) primary masses follow a Kroupa initial mass function weighted by the triple fraction; (d) inner binary orbital periods, eccentricities, and mass ratios mirror those of isolated binaries, including a pronounced twin excess (mass ratios greater than 0.95) out to separations of 1000+ au, suggesting a common formation pathway; (e) tertiary mass ratios follow a power-law distribution with slope −1.4; (f) tertiary orbits are consistent with a log-normal period distribution and thermal eccentricities, subject to dynamical stability. Informed by these observations, we develop a publicly available prescription for generating mock triple star populations. Finally, we estimate the catalog’s completeness and infer the intrinsic triple fraction, which rises steadily with primary mass: from 5% at ≲0.5 M ⊙ to 35% at 2 M ⊙ . The public catalog provides a robust testbed for models of triple star formation and evolution.