jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A formula for success: How Formula One racing embraced digital and social media to engage fans

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In January 2017, Liberty Media finalised its purchase of the world’s premier motor racing series, Formula 1. At the time of acquisition, the sport had developed a reputation as an ‘old boys club’. Global viewership and fan engagement were declining, and the sport had lost sponsors. This decline was largely attributed to a lack of marketing and a failure to adapt to the digital age. Liberty engaged in extensive marketing research to understand fans’ desires and interests to reverse this trend. Its research identified two key target markets: existing committed fans who skewed older and a new younger target market — millennials. To meet the needs of existing fans, Liberty developed a strategy that involved providing more detailed information about the sport through podcasts, enhanced YouTube videos and F1 TV streaming services. For younger fans new to the sport, Liberty created a number of initiatives across different platforms, including the Netflix docuseries ‘Drive to Survive’, an esports game, encouraging fans to vote for their favourite ‘Driver of the Day’, and promoting race-specific hashtags on social media. Liberty also recognised the importance and power of social media and the need for involvement at all levels of the sport — association, team, driver and sports member — to keep fans engaged year-round. This case study highlights the importance of data-informed decision making, understanding how fans are developed, what motivates them and how fan engagement manifests across different platforms.
A Japanese case of mitochondrial 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA synthase deficiency who presented with severe metabolic acidosis and fatty liver without hypoglycemia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Mitochondrial 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA synthase deficiency (mHS deficiency) is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of ketogenesis caused by a mutation in the HMGCS2 gene, which is characterized by non‐(hypo)‐ketotic hypoglycemia, lethargy, and hepatomegaly during acute infection and/or prolonged fasting. Clinical presentations are similar to fatty acid oxidation defects; however, diagnosis of mHS deficiency is difficult because of poor biochemical markers. We report the case of a 12‐month‐old Japanese boy with mHS deficiency who presented with a coma, and hepatomegaly, but no hypoglycemia after a febrile episode and poor oral intake. Metabolic acidosis and severe fatty liver were observed. Serum acylcarnitine analysis revealed a slightly decreased free carnitine (C0) level and an increased acetylcarnitine (C2) level. Urinary organic acid analysis revealed hypoketotic dicarboxylic aciduria, and increased excretions of glutarate, and, retrospectively, 4‐hydroxy‐6‐methyl‐2‐pyrone. Although the patient did not present with hypoglycemia, the severe fatty liver and elevated free fatty acids to total ketone bodies ratio strongly suggested an inborn error of ketogenesis. In the analysis of the HMGCS2 gene, compound heterozygous mutations of c.130_131ins C (L44PfsX29) and c.1156_1157insC (L386PfsX73) were identified, which led to the diagnosis of mHS deficiency. He had recovered without any complication by the therapy, including intravenous glucose infusion. Unlike the previously reported cases of mHS deficiency, our case did not present with hypoglycemia and the fatty liver lasted over several months. mHS deficiency should be taken into consideration when a patient has severe metabolic acidosis and fatty liver with no or subtle ketosis, even without hypoglycemia.
Assessment of nurses' knowledge, attitudes and practice in the application of measures of physical restraint of patients

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Physical restraint is a frequently debated procedure due to controversial ethical and legal issues related to patient autonomy and dignity. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes and practice of nurses regarding the use of physical restraint measures on patients and to determine whether there is a difference between the level of knowledge, attitudes and practice of nurses regarding the use of physical restraint measures to their sociodemographic and professional characteristics. Material and methods: This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study at three healthcare institutions of different medical care levels (n = 253). Instruments used in this research included a questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitude, intention, and practice and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for statistical analysis of the data, and statistical significance was determined at p < 0.05. Results: Nurses have a moderate level of knowledge, a positive attitude, and good practice in applying measures of physical restraint of patients. A significant difference in the level of knowledge regarding the application of measures of physical restraint of patients was determined by the age of the nurses, as well as that nurses with a positive attitude towards the application of measures of physical restraint of patients have a better practice. Conclusion: By implementing an appropriate educational pro-gram, which is certainly mandatory for all employees in the health sector, and creating a guide for the proper use of measures for physical restraint of patients, it is possible to influence the improvement of the quality of care and treatment of patients.
Sexual Dysfunction Following Stroke

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

I am writing to you regarding one of my patients, in the hope you can help me. He suffered an ischemic stroke seven months ago and has shown considerable recovery. However, he has had problems with erectile dysfunction since that time. I cannot find in my references whether this occurs following a stroke. I would appreciate your thoughts concerning if this is a normal manifestation of this stroke, or if this problem could perhaps be due to something different. I am sorry to bother you with this question.
Challenges to the assembly and integration of the WSS with METIS

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Portugal will build the warm support and access structure (WSS) to the mid-infrared, first generation ELT instrument - METIS. The particular characteristics of METIS and the ELT pose several challenges to designing the WSS according to requirements, as well challenges to the assembly and integration of the WSS. We here provide you an overview of those challenges, as well as strategies to overcome and mitigate issues related to the mass and dimensions of the WSS.
The Templars' Estates in the West of Britain in the Early Fourteenth Century

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article represents a progress report on my research into the Templars’ properties in England and Wales, as recorded after the arrests of the Templars in Britain and Ireland and preserved in the UK National Archives at Kew. The detailed descriptions of the Templars’ properties drawn up when the Templars in England and Wales were arrested, combined with the accounts for their properties made by royal officials, permit a unique insight into agricultural practice, production and employment during the period 1308–13, and into the operation of this religious order, its religious life and role in wider society. The goal of this research is to publish the records for England and Wales (the records from Ireland were published in 1967), to make them available to all scholars with an interest in medieval estate records; but with the particular intention of establishing exactly how wealthy or poverty-stricken the Templars in England and Wales were in 1308, and what property the Hospitallers actually inherited in 1313. This article considers the evidence from the Templars’ property in the western extremes of Britain: in Herefordshire, Wales, Cornwall and Cumbria, to establish how they operated their estates, whom they employed and on what terms, and their commercial and financial transactions.
The evidence discussed here reveals the Templar estates in Herefordshire and the western extremes of England and Wales as profitable concerns, which employed men and women for specific tasks such as carter and cook, and also as farm labourers. The Templars also employed a small number of skilled men, chaplains, clerks and some household servants, through the corrody system. Overall there were very few Templars in proportion to a large number of support staff. Crops grown and animals raised varied from area to area depending on what was most suited to local soil and climate, but everywhere the Templars also received rents from their tenants. The Templars were flexible in how they operated their estates: in Herefordshire they kept some land in demesne and administered it directly themselves, in South Wales there was some land in demesne worked by unfree tenants, but the Templars also leased out land; this may also have been the case at Temple Sowerby in Cumbria. At Temple in Cornwall, which was distant from any Templar administrative centre, their land was entirely leased out to tenants. In Worcestershire, a bailiff was employed by the royal custodian to oversee the running of two manors; it is unclear whether the Templars had also employed a bailiff, but it would have been a reasonable way of administering these manors where no Templars were resident.
Efficacy and safety of CAR T‐cell therapy in patients with primary or secondary CNS lymphoma: A study on behalf of the EBMT and the GoCART coalition

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Patients with relapsed or refractory (r/r) primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma (PCNSL) or secondary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma (SCNSL) face a dismal prognosis. They have been excluded from most clinical CAR T‐cell trials as investigators feared an increased risk for severe immune effector cell‐associated neurotoxicity (ICANS). To investigate the potential of anti‐CD19 CAR T‐cell therapy (CART) in such patients, we analyzed data of 100 patients with CNS manifestation treated with CART between January 2018 and July 2023 and reported to European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Median age was 62 years. Of patients, 58% had failed ≥3 treatment lines, and 40% had received autologous stem‐cell transplantation before CART. Fifty‐nine patients received axicabtagene ciloleucel, 38 patients were treated with tisagenlecleucel, three patients received other products. At the time of CART, 67 patients had active CNS disease. Overall and progression‐free survival (PFS) at 24 months were 37% and 28%. Relapse incidence (RI) at 24 months was 59%, whereas non‐relapse mortality at 1 year was 7%. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and ICANS of any grade occurred in 83% and 42% of patients, respectively. CRS grade 3 occurred in 11 and ICANS grades 3–4 in 17 patients. Two patients died of neurotoxicity. Elevated lactate dehydrogenase was an independent risk factor for RI and PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 2.4, p = 0.003; HR: 1.9, p = 0.016). Patients with ECOG 2–3 had a significantly increased risk for the development of ICANS (HR 2.68, p = 0.002). These data support the implementation of CART as treatment for patients with r/r PCNSL and SCNSL.
An empirical investigation of parent-child shared reading of digital personalized books

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Numerous studies have documented the benefits of parent-child shared reading of print books, but few studies have examined parent-child reading behaviours with digital personalized books. This lab-based study examined the child language outcomes following shared reading of a personalized digital book by twenty-six British mothers and their 3- to 4-year-old children. The digital book included pages that were individualized to each participating child, with each child’s name, photograph, favourite toy and food, as well as generic pages with no personalized content. The findings indicate the significance of personalization features in parent-child shared reading on screen and indicate the importance of parents’ role in expanding beyond children’s focus on self during shared reading.
Individual Student Planning: A Student Need Assesment Survey

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aims of this study are to describe the needs of students about individual planning services. The subjects of the study were junior high school students in Yogyakarta taken randomly amounted to 618 respondents. Instruments in the form of questionnaires developed based on aspects of individual planning services. The results show the questionnaire has three aspects, namely material advisement, placement, and career development. Overall score of 619, and on the aspects of the Career Development with a score of 615. While viewed from the highest score there are four items namely: need information about the talent and interests and opportunities of achievement of ideas, know the types of secondary schools (SMA, SMK), require information types of advanced education options in college, requires experience of successful people related to his ideas. This results as a basis for developing methods and media in individual planning services in junior secondary schools Keywords: individual student planning, need assessment, student
Prediction of Elementary School Teachers' Curriculum Fidelity by Demographic Variables and Curriculum Literacy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aimed to determine whether or not curriculum fidelity can be significantly predicted by certain demographic variables and level of curriculum literacy in elementary school teachers. The study was designed as a relational survey study and involved the participation of 250 elementary school teachers. For data collection, a personal information form (PIF), the Curriculum Fidelity Scale (CFS), and Curriculum Literacy Scale (CLS) were used. The data collected were analysed using multiple hierarchical regression analysis. According to the findings, gender, seniority, class size, course load, class level, and the number of students with special educational needs (NSSEN) explained 8.7% of the adherence dimension of the CFS. The reading and writing dimensions of the CLS significantly predicted the adherence dimension of the CFS at 4.6%. The predictive variables, i.e., gender, seniority, class size, course load, and NSSEN, explained only 2% of the adaptation dimension of the CFS. The reading and writing dimensions of the CLS significantly predicted the adaptation dimension of the CFS at 19.2%. In summary, the elementary school teachers' adherence behaviours in terms of curriculum fidelity were mainly impacted by demographic variables, whereas their adaptation behaviours were mainly impacted by curriculum literacy. Keywords: curriculum literacy, curriculum fidelity, curriculum
Mandela'sLong Walk to Freedom: the isiXhosa translator's tall order

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The paper aims to show how the translator coped with transmitting the message to the new target audience bearing in mind Hilaire Belloc's six general rules for the translator of a prose text, as reflected in Bassnett-McGuire (1988: 116-117) which could be summarised as "translating the sense of the original, translating idiom by idiom, intention by intention, avoiding false friends, aiming at the resurrection of an alien thing in a native body, and not to embellish". These and many other principles will form the general background against which the current translation will be viewed. It should be stressed, from the outset, that the primary aim of the exercise was to highlight the various problems encountered in the search for equivalence or adequacy, not to evaluate the translation as such.
Increased concentrations of aspartic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with epilepsy and trigeminal neuralgia: an effect of medication?

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The concentrations of free amino acids in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were quantitated in 14 patients with epilepsy, 7 patients with trigeminal neuralgia, 10 patients with various neurological diseases and in 30 apparently healthy individuals. In the CSF of patients with epilepsy, the mean concentrations of aspartic acid (Asp), glutamine (Gln), histidine and phosphoserine were significantly higher than in the healthy individuals. The mean concentration of aspartic acid was higher in the patients on antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy than in the patients without AED therapy. The patients with trigeminal neuralgia had significantly increased CSF-concentrations of aspartic acid, glutamine and phosphoserine as compared to healthy individuals. Some patients receiving AED showed increased concentration of gamma-amino-butyric-acid (GABA).
SPECIFIC EFFECTS OF THORACIC VAGOTOMY ON THE ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF THE GASTRIC ANTRUM AND PYLORUS IN RABBITS

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The electrical activity of the antrum and the pylorus was recorded in rabbits, with chronically implanted electrodes. Effects of food intake were studied before and after bilateral vagotomy (b.v.), ventral vagotomy (v.v.) or dorsal vagotomy (d.v.) performed just above the diaphragm. In fasted animals, the electrical activity was characterized by bursts of potentials at a frequency of 1·93±0·09/min, initiated 45 mm or 20 mm from the pylorus in the greater and the lesser curvature respectively. The velocity of propagation of the bursts increased from 5‐6 mm/s in the proximal antrum to 12‐25 mm/s in the last 10 mm of the antrum along the greater curvature and from 2‐4 mm/s to 5‐15 mm/s along the lesser curvature. Feeding led to a rapid increase in the frequency of both antral and pyloric bursts up to 4·01±0·10/min, lasting 30‐60 min after a large meal but only 15 min when the amount of food was restricted. The behaviour of the rabbits was not significantly affected by bilateral or ventral vagotomy. In contrast, dorsal vagotomy resulted in a drastic decrease of food intake. The mean frequency ( fo ) of bursts before meals was significantly reduced after vagotomy in v.v. animals (1·49±0·1/min, P 〈 0·02) and in d.v. animals (1·34±0·08/min, P 〈 0·001) but not in b.v. or sham‐operated rabbits. For the first 3 d after surgery, the frequency ( f ) of bursts during the 30 min after the beginning of meals was significantly different from fo and reduced relative to f before nerve sections (1·9 ±0·11/min and 2·32±0·20/min respectively in b.v. and v.v. animals). In sham‐operated animals, the value of f was closely similar to f before surgery. The effects of meals on the frequency of bursts were again similar to the effects in intact animals within 4‐6 d for v.v. animals and 6‐9 d for b.v. animals. In the pylorus, a different pattern for electrical activity, which consisted of trains of spikes at a frequency of 0·3/s, was superimposed on the bursts and was most marked in d.v. animals. The spiking activity was not affected by atropine, phentolamine or propranolol. The role of the vagus nerve in the motile responses of the antrum to food intake is discussed. These results indicate the existence of a non‐cholinergic, non‐adrenergic innervation of the pylorus which is involved in the opening of the sphincter and appears to be mediated by the dorsal vagal trunk.
Growth in Infants Receiving Modified Fat Breast Milk for the Treatment of Chylothorax following Cardiothoracic Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: In infants diagnosed with chylothorax, breast milk provision is often discontinued and a medium chain triglyceride (MCT) formula is prescribed. Alternatively, modified fat breast milk (MFBM) can be used as treatment, however its impact on growth is unclear. Objective: To assess growth in cardiac infants receiving nutrient enriched MFBM for chylothorax treatment. Methods: In this open-label trial, infants were randomized in to one of two interventions: Target Fortification, where MFBM protein concentration was measured prior to fortification (n=3); or Higher Initial Concentration, where MFBM was fortified to a higher initial energy and nutrient level (n=2). For this thesis, analysis of the two MFBM interventions were combined. Growth was compared to infants receiving the standard MCT formula treatment (n=7). Results: No differences were found in the change of weight-for-age, length-for-age, head circumference-for-age and weight-for-length z-scores between the groups. Conclusion: Further MFBM subject recruitment is required to determine how the different nutrient enrichment methods impact growth.
Comparison of Pain Control Method and Assessment on Postoperative Pain in Pediatric Urological Surgery of Penoscrotal and Inguinal Regions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of caudal block or/and local infiltration on postoperative pain control in pediatric patients, and whether the faces pain rating scale (FPS), visual analogue scale (VAS) or sleep disturbance scale (SDS) values were estimator dependent (parents, doctors and nurses). Materials and Methods: Thirty four children (average age 2.8±2.4 years), undergoing inguinal and scrotal surgery, were randomly allocated to one of three groups; combined caudal block with local infiltration (group I), caudal block only (group II) and neither of the above two (group III). Parents, doctors and nurses assessed the FPS, VAS and SDS before and after surgery, and the side effects were assessed after surgery. Results: The mean SDS, FPS and VAS values in Group III were significantly higher than those in groups I and II at 1 and 3 hours postoperatively. All patients slept with a discontented look 1 hour postoperatively, but gradually improved and normalized 12 hours postoperatively. The mean FPS and VAS values were highest 1 hour postoperatively, and decreased with time in all groups. The mean pain value, as assessed by parents, tended to be higher than those assessed by healthcare professionals doctors and nurses, but the correlation between the parents and healthcare professionals for the SDS, FPS and VAS assessments was statistically significant (intraclass correlation coefficients; 0.64, p<0.05). There were no side effects in any patient. Conclusions: This study suggests that caudal block with local infiltration may be more useful for postoperative pain control, and all three pain scales are useful for assessing the postoperative pain associated with pediatric urological surgery of the penoscrotal and inguinal regions. (Korean J Urol 2007;48:163-170)
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP KEDUDUKAN PENJAMIN PERORANGAN (BORGTOCHT) DALAM PENYELESAIAN KREDIT MACET DI PT. BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT DATA SEMARANG

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aim of this research is to analyze and examine individual guarantees guaranteed by debtors to creditors (Banks) in credit agreements. The approach method used in this research is normative juridical, with research specifications in descriptive analytical form. The results of the research show that individual guarantee arrangements are regulated in the Civil Code. An individual guarantee is a third party that guarantees all of the debtor's obligations to the creditor, if the debtor defaults. The position of individual guarantees at BPR DATA is an additional (accessory) that accompanies the main agreement. Credit with individual guarantees at BPR DATA is unsecured credit or KTA with a monthly salary payment system through the treasurer/finance department with guarantee/approval from the head of the company/institution. A debt guarantor in this case has the position that he is bound and responsible to the bank for all debts of the debtor. For every credit with individual guarantees, a guarantee agreement will be made privately, in the guarantee agreement the guarantor has special rights. As in BPR DATA, as the leader who guarantees the credit of its employees, in its implementation, if there is a default, the salary, social security, or insurance is deducted as credit repayment.