jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Women and People From Deprived Areas Are Less Likely to be Assessed for Liver Transplantation for Alcohol-related Liver Disease: Results From a National Study of Transplant Assessments

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background. Alcohol-related liver disease (ArLD) is the most common indication for liver transplantation in Europe and the United States. Few studies have examined the characteristics of patients with ArLD formally assessed for liver transplants. Methods. We collected prospective data on every patient with ArLD formally assessed for liver transplantation in the United Kingdom during a 12-mo period. Results. Five hundred forty-nine patients with ArLD were assessed for liver transplantation. The median Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was 15 and the UK MELD score was 54. 24% were women. The median duration of abstinence was 12 mo. Listing outcomes were 59% listed, 4% deferred, and 37% not listed. The reasons for not listing were medical comorbidities (29%), too early for transplantation (20%), potential recoverability (18%), recent alcohol use (12%), and other (21%). Patients listed for transplant had a higher median MELD (16 versus 13; P < 0.001) and UK MELD scores (55 versus 53; P < 0.001), longer duration of abstinence (median 12 versus 10 mo; P = 0.026), and no differences in sex ( P = 0.258), age distribution ( P = 0.53), or deprivation deciles compared with those not listed. Comparing patients assessed for transplantation to national data on deaths from ArLD revealed a lower proportion of female patients (24% assessed versus 36% deaths; P < 0.001) and patients from areas of high deprivation (assessments: deaths, most deprived decile 1:20 versus least deprived decile 1:9). Conclusions. This study provides the first complete national profile of evaluations for liver transplantation for patients with ArLD. Women and patients from the most deprived deciles of the population may be relatively underrepresented.
Effects of Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Coal Fly Ash Treatments on Coastal Saline Soils in China: A Field Study

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Soil salinization in coastal areas is a serious problem restricting agricultural development. This field study aimed to explore the effects of flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) and coal fly ash (CFA) in combination with irrigation on coastal saline soils in China. Six different treatments (C1–C4: FGDG 4.5–15.0 t/hm2; C5 and C6: FGDG 4.5 t/hm2 combined with CFA 2.0 and 3.5 t/hm2) were established, and soil properties such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and organic matter (OM) content were analyzed. The results showed that compared with the control group, the addition of FGDG (4.5 t/hm2 to 15 t/hm2) slightly increased the soil pH, and the combined application of FGDG and CFA made the soil pH closer to neutral. The application of FGDG combined with two rounds of irrigation could reduce the soil EC, and the mixed application of FGDG and CFA further reduced the soil EC by about 6.7% in the 0–20 cm layer. The application of FGDG combined with irrigation showed no significant effect on the soil OM content. In general, the moderate application of FGDG and CFA can effectively improve the physicochemical properties of soil, potentially contributing to more sustainable agricultural practices in coastal regions.
Analisis Pengelolaan Ritel PT Angkasa Pura 1 di Bandar Udara Internasional Adi Soemarmo Surakarta

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study: to analyze retail management at Adi Soemarmo International Airport, Surakarta; Describe the benefits of retail, supporting factors and inhibiting factors of retail management. This type of descriptive qualitative research. The results showed: Retail management planning, organizing, directing and supervising. An important benefit of retail at the airport is that passengers make it easier to find products. Supporting factors for managing retail promotions, large number of passengers, attractive physical evidence, and quality workforce. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors for managing retail where rent is expensive, access to the airport is not as easy as having your own retail store, due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the number of passengers has dropped drastically.
Degradation of Reteplase Expressed by Recombinant Pichia pastoris

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The effect of pH and temperature on the degradation of reteplase(rPA) expressed by recombinant Pichia pastoris was investigated.Under lower pH cultures(pH 4.5),rapid degradation of rPA was observed,increasing the induction pH from 4.5 to 6.5 resulted in an increase of the rPA production from nil to 122 mg/L,which is attributed to the decrease of protease activity in the culture broth.When induction temperatures reduced from 30 °C to 20 °C,the yield of recombinant rPA increased from 153.2 mg/L to 207.9 mg/L.Analyses of protease,cell viability and alcohol oxidase(AOX) activity showed that cultures at lower temperature not only led to a reduced cell death rate,and hence a lower amount of host cell proteases in the supernatant,but also significant increase in AOX activity,which might be favorable to the rPA expression.
KARAKTERISTIK PENDIDIKAN DAN UNSUR-UNSUR KELEMBAGAAN DI PESANTREN

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Pesantren is basically a traditional Islamic education where the students lived with and studied under the guidance of one (or more) teachers are better known as kyai. Although pesantren was considered traditional, but still exist and survive in modern age and global era. Obviously because this institution has its own characteristics and maintain institutional elements that have formed since former. The characteristics of education in pesantren classified to two: (1) the general pattern of education, which are pesantren institutions introducing levels, from that teach simple texts until sublime pesantren that teach high level texts. (2) Teaching systems are the sorogan system and bandongan system. As for the institutional elements in pesantren are cottage, mosques, students, kyai, classical islamic books
Communication Cues and Engagement Behavior: Identifying Advertisement Strategies to Attract Middle-Aged Adults to a Study of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction Low- and middle-income, middle-aged adults have high rates of disease and death from chronic disease, yet their participation in self-management programs is low. This may be because advertisements for such programs often target elderly, predominantly white, affluent adults. Our study used data from a parent randomized controlled trial to identify theoretically driven advertisement cues to engage low- and middle-income, middle-aged adults in the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP). Methods A framework that combined the Elaboration Likelihood Model and Protection Motivation Theory was used to guide χ2 and regression analyses to assess relationships between advertisement cue preferences and 5 stages of cognitive engagement (cue processing, cognitive appraisal of the advertised study, motivation to enroll) and behavioral engagement of study participants (enrollment and program participation). Results One advertisement cue (taking control of one’s future) and 1 cue combination (financial security and taking control of one’s future) were significantly associated with study enrollment, as were motivation to enroll and cue processing. Conclusion These results can inform CDSMP recruitment efforts to better engage low- and middle-income, middle-aged adults in an effort to mitigate the disproportionate burden of chronic disease in this population.
Investigating the Mediating Role of Social Networking Service Usage on the Big Five Personality Traits and on the Job Satisfaction of Korean Workers

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study examines how the Big Five personality traits and the use of social networking services (SNSs) promote job satisfaction among Korean workers. The study sample is drawn from the Korean Education & Employment Panel (KEEP) for 2011, which gathers comprehensive data on Koreans' individual demographics, including information regarding their education, families, and work and personal lives. Structural equation modeling is employed to examine the mediation model between Big-Five personality and job satisfaction of workers. From a sample of 1,646 workers employed in Korean workplaces, the authors found that the Big Five personality traits were significantly related to SNS usage and job satisfaction. SNS usage was found to be a factor in determining job satisfaction, and SNS usage partially mediated the relationship between personality (extroversion and neuroticism) and job satisfaction. To improve employees' work-related attitudes, organizations must recognize the growing influence of SNS usage on those workplace attitudes.
Inside Back Cover: trans‐(Cl)‐[Ru(5,5′‐diamide‐2,2′‐bipyridine)(CO)2Cl2]: Synthesis, Structure, and Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction Activity (Chem. Eur. J. 28/2015)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

trans-(Cl)-[Ru(L)(CO)2Cl2]-type complexes (L: 2,2′-bipyridyl derivatives) catalyze CO2 reduction to produce carbon monoxide and formate with a photosensitizer and an electron donor under irradiation of visible light. Amide groups attached to the complexes at the 5,5′-positions in the ligand affect the catalytic activities. A systematic study on the photochemical CO2 reduction shows the relationship between the CO2 reduction activities and the reduction potential of the ruthenium complexes. For more details, see the Full Paper by H. Ishida and co-workers on page 10049 ff.
Social assistance programmes in Singapore

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Background
A generally acknowledged economic success story, Singapore has seen a steady
increase in its Total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) since gaining independence
in 1965. In the decade from 1996 to 2006 alone, the country’s GDP increased by
S$79,488.9 million (Singapore Department of Statistics, 2007) in spite of periods
of economic downturn such as in 2001 and 2003, following the dot-com bubble
burst, September 11 and SARS. Statistics from the annual World Wealth Report
2007, compiled by Merrill Lynch and research firm Capgemini (2007) have further indicated that Singapore registered the highest growth rate in the number of
millionaires in the world.
On the Nature of the Presumed Receptor for IgE on Mast Cells

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The preparation of mixed rat peritoneal cells for antigen-induced release of histamine by IgE-rich antibody preparations is accompanied by the removal of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis-reactive antibodies from the antibody solution. This removal of antibody from the solutions is directly related to the mast cell content of the mixed cell suspension: little antibody is removed when cells from distilled water-treated rats are used, and the amount of antibody removed by isolated mast cells accounts for the antibody-binding activity of mixed cell preparations. Lysis of isolated mast cells in distilled water or their disruption by mild sonication does not destroy their apparent IgE antibody-binding capacity. Frozen, washed particulate preparations from isolated mast cells retain their ability to bind IgE. Binding of IgE is time dependent. The binding is inhibited by IgGa antibody preparations in a manner which is consistent with competitive inhibition.
MiIII Glycophorin Found in a Chinese Family

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A membrane glycophorin (GP) variant was found in a Hainanese family by immunoblotting and restriction mapping. The propositus was a young man of Li ethnic group. Family studies revealed that the propositus, for father and younger brother were homozygotes, while his mother, elder brother and younger sister belonged to heterozygotes. Our results of analysis for this family confirmed the identity of the variant gene with MiIII GP. This is the first instance reported in China.
Aerosol first indirect effects on non‐precipitating low‐level liquid cloud properties as simulated by CAM5 at ARM sites

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

We quantitatively examine the aerosol first indirect effects (FIE) for non‐precipitating low‐level single‐layer liquid phase clouds simulated by the Community Atmospheric Model version 5 (CAM5) running in the weather forecast mode at three DOE Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) sites. The FIE is quantified in terms of a relative change in cloud droplet effective radius for a relative change in accumulation mode aerosol number concentration under conditions of fixed liquid water content (LWC). CAM5 simulates aerosol‐cloud interactions reasonably well for this specific cloud type, and the simulated FIE is consistent with the long‐term observations at the examined locations. The FIE in CAM5 generally decreases with LWC at coastal ARM sites, and is larger by using cloud condensation nuclei rather than accumulation mode aerosol number concentration as the choice of aerosol amount. However, it has no significant variations with location and has no systematic strong seasonal variations at examined ARM sites.
Immunoaffinity Chromatography-GC/MS for Determination of Salbutamol and Clenbuterol in Swine Liver

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

An IAC column was developed by coupling the purified specific IgG against salbutamol to CNBr-activated Sephrose 4B with the dynamic capacity of 400 ng/mL gel for salbutamol and 416 ng/mL gel for clenbuterol.After extraction with dilute HCl,the extracts of swine liver homogenization was loaded on the IAC column for purification and determined by GC/MS.The limit of detection for salbutamol and clenbuterol were 0.5 ng/g and 0.8 ng/g,and the limit of quantification for salbutamol and clenbuterol were 2.0 ng/g and 2.5 ng/g respectively.Recoveries ranged 78.4%-106.9% for salbutamol and 77.1%-102.9% for clenbuterol at fortified levels of 1,5,10,20 ng/g in blank swine liver.It was the first time that the IAC-GC/MS for detection salbutamol and clenbuterol in swine liver was reported in China.
Hierarchical analysis of determinants of HIV vertical transmission: a case-control study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the association of socioeconomic, obstetric, pediatric and prophylactic factors to the vertical transmission of HIV in children followed at a reference service in Recife between 2010 and 2015. Methods: case-control nested the cohort of children exposed to vertical transmission of HIV. A univariate and multivariate statistical analysis was performed on the association of socioeconomic, obstetric, pediatric and prophylactic measures with the outcome. We considered two multivariate approaches, conventional and hierarchical, the latter made it possible to consider different levels of determination. Results: 46.5% of the mothers had low schooling, 69.6% without work-related wages and 35.7% received a family grant. Women with postpartum diagnosis and less than 6 prenatal appointments had a greater chance of vertical transmission. Prophylactic measures were statistically associated with prevention of transmission (p<0.1%). Conclusions: vertical risk factors for HIV transmission were identified: no sewage system, at least six prenatal consultations, first care of the child with more than two months and no prophylaxis in pregnancy and childbirth. Determining factors for which specific policies and programs exist and their non-access social determination evidence of HIV vertical transmission.
Sequence Analysis of Hypothetical Proteins fromHelicobacter pylori26695 to Identify Potential Virulence Factors

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacteria that is responsible for gastritis in human. Its spiral flagellated body helps in locomotion and colonization in the host environment. It is capable of living in the highly acidic environment of the stomach with the help of acid adaptive genes. The genome of H. pylori 26695 strain contains 1,555 coding genes that encode 1,445 proteins. Out of these, 340 proteins are characterized as hypothetical proteins (HP). This study involves extensive analysis of the HPs using an established pipeline which comprises various bioinformatics tools and databases to find out probable functions of the HPs and identification of virulence factors. After extensive analysis of all the 340 HPs, we found that 104 HPs are showing characteristic similarities with the proteins with known functions. Thus, on the basis of such similarities, we assigned probable functions to 104 HPs with high confidence and precision. All the predicted HPs contain representative members of diverse functional classes of proteins such as enzymes, transporters, binding proteins, regulatory proteins, proteins involved in cellular processes and other proteins with miscellaneous functions. Therefore, we classified 104 HPs into aforementioned functional groups. During the virulence factors analysis of the HPs, we found 11 HPs are showing significant virulence. The identification of virulence proteins with the help their predicted functions may pave the way for drug target estimation and development of effective drug to counter the activity of that protein.
A Thermal Tactile Sensation Display with Controllable Thermal Conductivity

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We demonstrate a thermal tactile sensation display that can present various thermal sensations, namely cold/cool/warm/hot feelings, by varying the effective thermal conductivity of the display. Thermal sensation is one of the major tactile sensations and needs to be further investigated for advanced virtual reality/augmented reality (VR/AR) systems. Conventional thermal sensation displays present hot/cold sensations by changing the temperature of the display surface, whereas the proposed display is the first one that controls its effective thermal conductivity. The device contains an air cavity and liquid metal that have low and high thermal conductivity, respectively. When the liquid metal is introduced to fill up the air cavity, the apparent thermal conductivity of the device increases. This difference in the thermal conductivity leads to the users experiencing different thermal tactile sensations. Using this device, the threshold to discriminate the effective thermal conductivity was experimentally deduced for the first time. This thermal tactile display can be a good platform for further study of thermal tactile sensation.
Identification of GTN model parameters by application of response surface methodology

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A reliable prediction of ductile failure in metals is still a wide-open matter of research. Among different models, Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) has been used extensively. One major issue is the accurate identification of GTN model parameters, which it is not possible to perform experiments for their evaluation. In the present paper a novel inverse procedure aimed to estimate the material parameters of the GTN porosity-based plastic damage model by means of RSM method is represented. The results showed good agreement between experimental and predicted forming limit diagrams when determined GTN parameters were utilized. FE-simulation by means of Abaqus software used to predict FLDs. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of ICM11
Opioid Tolerance Influences Outcomes after Lumbar Fusion in Patients with Degenerative Pathology

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Extended opioid use prior to surgery has been implicated in poorer postoperative outcomes. However, it remains unclear if there is a significant difference in postoperative outcomes among preoperative opioid-naïve and opioid-tolerant patients who undergo lumbar spinal fusion. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of preoperative opioid use on patient-reported outcome measures in patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion. Methods: This retrospective cohort analysis identified 260 patients who underwent lumbar spinal fusion at a high-volume, single institution. There were two cohorts: patients who were opioid-naïve (defined as total opioid consumption of ≤ 7 days in the two months prior to surgery) and opioid-tolerant users (> 7 days). Outcome measures were analyzed via the number of and duration of opioid tablets consumed, and patient-reported outcome measures (ODI, SF-12 PCS and MCS, and VAS Back and Leg pain scores). Results: Overall, opioid-naïve patients were prescribed significantly fewer tablets on average compared to opioid-tolerant users. The number of tablets prescribed prior to surgery was a predictor for prolonged opioid use—defined as greater than one script after surgery. Opioid-tolerant users had decreased improvement in outcomes postoperatively compared to opioid-naïve users. Discussion: This study suggests that preoperative opioid-tolerant usage was associated with worse outcome scores postoperatively. Opioid-tolerant users were found to have significantly more pain medication tablets preoperatively and for a longer duration postoperatively. Therefore, opioid-tolerant usage can adversely affect patient outcomes and is a modifiable risk factor prior to undergoing lumbar spinal fusion.
O054 Slow-wave recovery after CPAP in OSA—a high-density EEG study

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background and objective People with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) exhibit deficits in slow-wave activity during NREM sleep. High-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) studies have previously demonstrated regional recovery of sleep microarchitecture following effective continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. Our study aimed to evaluate the changes in slow-wave characteristics during N3 sleep after 3 months of CPAP. Methods Ten adult males with moderate-to-severe OSA (age 51.2 ± 6.7, BMI 31.2 ± 5.1) underwent sleep and resting wake recordings using 256-channel hdEEG and cognitive tasks at baseline and after CPAP. After artefact processing, all-night HdEEG data were analysed using a validated automated slow wave event detection algorithm. Slow-wave events (1–4.5 Hz) during N3 sleep were identified for each electrode and parameters of density, amplitude, peak frequency, and peak to peak amplitude were computed. Regional and global differences in slow-wave parameters during N3 were assessed using paired t-tests and statistical nonparametric mapping. Results There was an increase in global measures of the number of slow-waves (baseline: 367 ± 156 vs. CPAP: 617 ± 265, p=.02) and slow-wave density (baseline: 3.9 ± 1.2 vs. CPAP: 5.1 ± 1.3 events/minute, p=.01) during N3 sleep following 3 months of CPAP. Regional analysis showed higher slow-wave density across the frontal and bilateral temporal–parietal regions, extending to posterior regions after CPAP. No significant differences in other slow-wave parameters were observed. Conclusion These preliminary findings suggest recovery of slow-wave density during N3 sleep in males with moderate-to-severe OSA following 3 months of CPAP. Further analyses to explore the relationship between these neurophysiological changes and neurocognitive recovery are planned.