jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic analysis of Mexican and Central American Pinguicula (Lentibulariaceae) based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of 18S-26S nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) in 36 species of Pinguicula(Lentibulariaceae) in Mexico and Central America, most of which are endemic to Mexico, was sequenced. Based on the ITS results, those species of Pinguicula studied were divided into three clades. In general, these cledes do not agree with the current conventional classification proposed by various authors except for Clade I. Clade I includes only two species belonging to section Isoloba, which are widely but sparsely distributed in Mexico and Central America. Clade II included 18 species, which have been conventionally classified in the sections Heterophyllum (six species), Longitubus (three species), Orcheosanthus (eight species), and Temnoceras (one species). Clade III included 16 species, which have been conventionally placed in section Agnata (four species), Crassifolia (four species), Heterophyllum (two species), Microphyllum (three species) and Orcheosanthus (three species). Clade II is widely distributed in the Sierra Madre Occidental, the Sierra Madre del Sur to the southern part of the Sierra Madre Oriental regions and extends down south to Honduras, while the species in clade III were mostly confined to the northern part of the Sierra Madre Oriental regions. In general, the ITS results were largely consistent with biogeographic patterns, but showed disagreements with the current morphological classification.
Determining the burden of missed opportunities for vaccination among children admitted in healthcare facilities in India: a cross-sectional study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives Children accessing healthcare systems represent a vulnerable population with risk factors for poor health outcomes, including vaccine-preventable diseases. We aimed to quantify missed vaccination opportunities among hospitalised children in India, and identify vaccination barriers perceived by caregivers and healthcare providers. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Two public-sector tertiary-care hospitals in northern India, during November 2018 and March 2019. Participants We tracked 263 hospitalised children aged 1–59 months through hospital discharge, to assess vaccination status, and document catch-up vaccinations given during the hospital stay. We interviewed caregivers and healthcare providers to assess their perceptions on vaccination. Outcomes Proportion of hospitalised children considered under-vaccinated for their age; proportion of missed opportunities for vaccination among under-vaccinated children who were eligible for vaccination; and vaccine coverage by antigen. Results We found that 65.4% (172/263) of hospitalised children were under-vaccinated for their age when they presented to the hospital. Among under-vaccinated children, 61.0% were less than 4 months old, and 55.6% reported prior contact with a health facility for a sick visit. The proportion of under-vaccinated children in hospitals were higher compared with the general population as indicated by regional vaccination coverage data. Among under-vaccinated children who were tracked till discharge, 98.1% (158/161) remained incompletely vaccinated at discharge and were considered ‘missed opportunities for vaccination’. Perceived vaccination contraindications that are not part of established contraindications included in national and international guidelines was the most common reason for healthcare providers not to vaccinate children during hospital stay. Among caregivers of under-vaccinated children, 90.1% reported being comfortable having their children vaccinated while they were sick, if recommended by the healthcare provider. Conclusion This pilot study confirmed that hospitalised sick children had substantial missed vaccination opportunities. Addressing these opportunities through concerted actions involving caregivers, healthcare providers and healthcare systems can improve overall vaccination coverage.
Assess the Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching on Knowledge Regarding Child Birth Preparation Among Primi Gravida Mother in hospital

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The researcher noticed that pregnant mother in the prenatal OPDs of the hospitals lacked knowledge about labor preparation throughout her clinical experience. In the third trimester, many of them were unprepared for their life' most significant event. Many new mothers described their labour and delivery as being "awful."The researcher concluded that in order for these mothers to have a satisfying and healthy birthing experience, they needed to get information on labor preparation.Method: This interventional trial was carried out in August 2020 at a hospital in the Maharashtra (India) city of Wardha. The population of primigravida moms was chosen for this study using a non-probability convenience sampling approach.Result: In this study 30 sample taken for the research the research design taken for that pre-experimental and the study was quantitative research study. The research conducted in hospital H0 show that primigravida mother knowledge level in pre-test 16.67% which is poor score, 83.33% which is The H0 was acceptable because the average score had a minimum of 3 and a maximum of 10. In the post-test 33.33% the score was very good, 66.67% score was excellent The H1 was approved since the post-test minimum and maximum scores were 17 and 25, respectively. It is concluded that there is H0 and H1 is accepted. It helpful in improve the knowledge level of primigravida mother.Conclusion: We draw the conclusion from this study that there is a lack of understanding among primigravida mothers regarding childbirth preparation, so we launched the video aided programme to raise knowledge and awareness of the subject.
Effects of rhIL-10 on psoriatic models and immune function in mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

AIM To observe the effects of rhIL 10 on psoriatic models and immune function in mice. METHODS The anti psoriatic effect of rhIL 10 was studied by using the models of vaginal epithelium and tail scales of mouse. ConA induced proliferation and production of IL 2 and IFN γ by T lymphocytes, LPS induced production of IL 1 and TNF α by the peritoneal macrophages and the activity of NK cells, LPS induced proliferation of B lymphocyte were determined. RESULTS The result showed that rhIL 10 (5, 20 and 80 μg·kg -1 ·d -1 ,sc) could significantly inhibit the mitosis of vaginal epithelial cells in mice treated with estrogen. No abnormal changes of nucleolus and organelle were found under electronic microscope. rhIL 10 facilitates development of granular cell layers in mice tail scales. There were for 2 to 3 granular cell layers and bigger granular cells in scales under electronic microscope. CONCLUSION The anti psoriatic effect of rhIL 10 is related to inhibiting hyperplasia of epidermal cells and promoting the formation of granular cells and possessing anti inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity.
Family planning practice and fertility intentions of HIV infected persons attending art clinic at Kogi state university teaching hospital, KSUTH, Anyigba, north central Nigeria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The availability of newer information and life prolonging antiretroviral drugs has provided the person living with HIV/AIDS the opportunity to contemplate and actually take the decision to embark on procreation. This study sets out to investigate the family planning practice and fertility desires and intentions of persons living with HIV/AIDS and the factors that influence these desires. Methods: This study was conducted at Kogi state university Teaching Hospital KSUTH Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria. A total of 287 persons who presented for and are on ART who are clinically and /or laboratorily diagnosed as HIV stage 1-3 disease who give their consent were included in the cross sectional study by random sampling. The inclusion criteria were: confirmed HIV disease, Kanoffsky scale not less than 80%, 18 years of age or more but not more than 70 years, on ART and sexually active. A structured questionnaire was administered to the participants seeking to get information about their biodata, attitude to and knowledge of their condition and their family planning practice and fertility intentions. Results: Two hundred and twenty five valid questionnaires out of the two hundred and eighty seven issued were analyzed and the obtained result is presented below. The study (Table Ia) showed the age range of respondents in years. Only one (0.4%) person was below 19 years and there was no body above the age of 59 years. There is (Table 1b) a mix of marital status; married, 131 (58.2%) constitute the majority, not married,65 (28.9%), divorced,9 (4%) and those in relationship,20 (8.9%). Women are still more affected by the disease (144 out of 225) than men and the serodiscordance in this study is significant. Although many seropositive persons are aware of family planning services and option only 21.8% of them use any method in this study. The consistent use of condom is only 42.7%. 73.3% of HIV seropositive persons have intention to have children. Conclusion: Majority of the persons living with HIV/AIDS are aware of family planning services/options. Only few (49) (21.7%) of these people utilize any of the family planning options consistently. This presents a challenge for those saddled with integrating fertility/reproductive health services into HIV/AIDS care programmes. Health communicators also have a challenge to scale up the uptake of these services. Persons living with HIV/AIDS significantly show desires to have children (73.3%). There is significant association between the desire to have children and duration of antiretroviral therapy and the number of children already gotten by individuals who are HIV seropositive.
The Impact of Bullying in an Inclusive Classroom Among Students of ASD and Peers in Social Development and Academic Performance in UAE

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The physical, social, emotional, intellectual, and mental health of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can be affected negatively if a problem occurs in an inclusive classroom setting. The purpose of this study is to investigate how bullying affects students with ASD. This thorough literature review looks at how bullying affects students with ASD including social development, academic performance, and school participation. Bullied children who grow up to be adults have anxiety and despair that affect their school engagement. Students with ASD are unable to get along with typically abled students due to bullying. The paper highlighted the importance for educators to prevent and treat bullying of students with ASD. However, the study has severe drawbacks such as a lack of empirical research conducted in the UAE. The study recommends releasing further studies in the UAE carrying out more research on other factors that impact bullying of kids with ASD to raise awareness of this issue.
Credit scoring based on a Bagging-cascading boosted decision tree

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Establishing precise credit scoring models to predict the potential default probability is vital for credit risk management. Machine learning models, especially ensemble learning approaches, have shown substantial progress in the performance improvement of credit scoring. The Bagging ensemble approach improves the credit scoring performance by optimizing the prediction variance while boosting ensemble algorithms reduce the prediction error by controlling the prediction bias. In this study, we propose a hybrid ensemble method that combines the advantages of the Bagging ensemble strategy and boosting ensemble optimization pattern, which can well balance the tradeoff of variance-bias optimization. The proposed method considers XGBoost as a base learner, which ensures the low-bias prediction. Moreover, the Bagging strategy is introduced to train the base learner to prevent over-fitting in the proposed method. Besides, the Bagging-boosting ensemble algorithm is further assembled in a cascading way, making the proposed new hybrid ensemble algorithm a good solution to balance the tradeoff of variance bias for credit scoring. Experimental results on the Australian, German, Japanese, and Taiwan datasets show the proposed Bagging-cascading boosted decision tree provides a more accurate credit scoring result.
Partners in progress: Peanut research at OSU 2010, supported by the Oklahoma Peanut Commission and the National Peanut Board

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at libscua@okstate.edu or by phone at 405-744-6311.
Enigmatic Pachytene PIWI-Interacting RNAs

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), a class of small RNAs, are renowned for their roles in sequencing-dependent targeting and suppressing transposable elements (TEs). Nevertheless, a majority of mammalian piRNAs, expressing at pachytene stage of meiosis, known as pachytene piRNAs, are devoid of discernible targets, casting a veil of enigma over their functional significance. Overturning the notion that this unusual class of piRNAs functions beyond TE silencing, we recently demonstrated that pachytene piRNAs play an essential and conserved role in silencing young and actively transposing TEs across amniotes. However, only 1% of pachytene piRNAs target active TEs. The biological significance of the abundant non-TE piRNAs, coproduced from the same precursors as TE piRNAs, remains unclear. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary of the potential roles of non-TE piRNAs, and thus propose that these non-TE piRNAs either bolster the action of TE piRNAs or provide the host genome a preexisting mechanism to suppress the potential invasion of novel TEs in the future.
Juvenile osteochondral lesions of the talus: need for surgery and surgical treatment results

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims: Juvenile osteochondral lesions of the talus (JOLTs) are complex lesions affecting the articular cartilage and subchondral bone of the talus. This study aimed to assess the need for surgical intervention following conservative management of JOLTs and to evaluate the early outcomes after surgery. Methods: This retrospective study identified patients aged 18 years or younger who were surgically treated for JOLTs at our institution from 2018 to 2021. The surgical treatment indication was conservative treatment failure. Patients were followed up for 2 years using the visual analog scale (VAS) and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score. Results: The study included 12 patients with a median age of 15 (10-17) years. All lesions were stage 2-3 at initial presentation. Conservative treatment failed in 8 of 12 patients (67%), and these patients underwent surgical treatment. The median pre-operative and follow-up AOFAS scores were 39.5 (21-75) and 88 (51-100), respectively. The median pre-operative and follow-up VAS scores were 8 (5-9) and 2 (0-9), respectively. Conclusions: The success rate of conservative treatment of JOLTs was lower than expected. This study showed early success of surgical treatment of JOLTs.
Research on multi-depot VRPTW of optimizing based on hierarchy clustering method and HGA for electronic commerce

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The traditional vehicle scheduling is not easy to satisfy with the real demand of logistics distribution under electronic commerce. Therefore, according to the particularity of logistic distribution under electronic commerce, multi-depot vehicle routing problem with time windows model is built. For MDVRPTW is NP puzzle, the improved Two-Phase Algorithm needs to be adopted to get solutions. Namely, the customer group can be divided into several regions using hierarchy clustering method in first phase. In the second phase, optimize the line of each single VRPTW model according to customers' dot in each group. Therefore, hybrid genetic algorithm is used to get the optimization solution. Use dualistic coding to deal with the time constrain of VRPTW problem, which can makes the problem simpler. Use improved saving algorithm to construct initial solution to improve the genetic low's searching efficiency. Using the best retain select method to ensure the diversity of groups. Improved ordinal crossover operators can avoid destroying good gene parts during the course of ordinal crossover. Adopt partial route overturn mutation operator to improve convergent speed. In the end, the test proves the validity of this improved algorithm combining with examples.
Noise-Aware Inference for Differential Privacy

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Domains involving sensitive human data, such as health care, human mobility, and online activity, are becoming increasingly dependent upon machine learning algorithms. This leads to scenarios in which data owners wish to protect the privacy of individuals comprising the sensitive data, while at the same time data modelers wish to analyze and draw conclusions from the data. Thus there is a growing demand to develop effective private inference methods that can marry the needs of both parties. For this we turn to differential privacy, which provides a framework for executing algorithms in a private fashion by injecting specifically-designed randomization at various points in the process. The majority of existing work proceeds by ignoring the injected randomization, potentially leading to pathologies in algorithmic performance. There is, however, a small body of existing work that performs inference over the injected randomization in an attempt to design more principled algorithms. This thesis summarizes the subfield of noise-aware differentially private inference and contributes novel algorithms for important problems. Differential privacy literature provides a multitude of privacy mechanisms. We opt for sufficient statistics perturbation (SSP), in which sufficient statistics, a quantity that captures all information about the model parameters, are corrupted with random noise and released to the public. This mechanism offers desirable efficiency properties in comparison to alternatives. In this thesis we develop methods in a principled manner that directly accounts for the injected noise in three settings: maximum likelihood estimation of undirected graphical models, Bayesian inference of exponential family models, and Bayesian inference of conditional regression models.
In-Suit Light Exercise (ISLE) Prebreathe Protocol Peer Review Assessment

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The performance of extravehicular activity (EVA) by National Aeronautics and Space Administration astronauts involves the risk of decompression sickness. This risk has been mitigated by the use of oxygen "prebreathe" to effectively wash out tissue nitrogen prior to each EVA. Now that the Space Shuttle Program (SSP) is being retired, high-pressure oxygen will become a limited resource. The In-Suit Light Exercise (ISLE) Prebreathe Protocol offers several potential benefits including its potential to save 6 pounds of oxygen per EVA. At the request of the NASA Engineering and Safety Center, the peer review convened on October 14, 2010. The major recommendation of the Review Committee was that the ISLE protocol was acceptable for operational use as a prebreathe option prior to EVA. The appendices to Volume I of the report are contained in this document.
Improvement of Soil Chemistry Characteristic of Upland with Rock Phosphate, Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria and Farm Yard Manure For Increase of Soybean Yield

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The experiment aims to know the role of rock phosphate, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and farm yard manure application in improve quality of acid upland and its influence to soybean yield. Experiment was conducted in the greenhouse using Ultisols from Kentrong at 2001 year. Factorial experiment design with two factors was used in randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factors was rock phosphate dosages i.e. : 0; 30; 60; 90 kg P ha-1, and the second factor was combination of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and farm yard manure (FYM) i.e. : without PSB and FYM (control); PSB (Pseudomonas fluorescens); FYM 10 t ha-1, and PSB+FYM. Results indicated that rock phosphate and combination of PSB and FYM application increased available P and decrase exchangeable Al of soils, increase nutrient uptake N, P, nodulation and grain yield of soybean. Application of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and farm yard manure combination with rock phosphate 30 kg P ha-1 dosages average increase grain yield soybean 23.5% compared with control. Grain yield of soybean 87% affected by variables of available P soils (X1), nutrient uptake N (X4) and P (X5), with multiple regression equation : Y = 0.241 + 0.03900 X1 + 0.00470 X4 + 0.04263 X5.
An Examination of the Persistent Effects of Franchising Strategy on Large Chains

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In the US economy, retail chains are extremely important since they account for a very high share of GDP relative to manufacturing sector. Retail is dominated by large franchised chains, particularly in the restaurant industry. A proven business format comprising a differentiated menu, exterior and interior design of the outlet, logos, etc., draws the interest of many prospective franchisees simultaneously, especially to large chains because it reduces their risk. Theoretical arguments are built, supported in relevant research, to present three hypotheses. Together, they form a theory of how franchising helps large chains despite abating of resource scarcity and escalation of threat from agency problems. Developing such a theory is important because extant research does not adequately address the boundary condition of large chains, even though many of them have been becoming from large to mega for many years. This theory is tested in a longitudinal sample from Quick Service Restaurant magazine, which has been publishing a list of top 50 restaurant chains for many years. All of three hypotheses are strongly supported. The paper closes with discussion of results and their implications for practice and research.
Sugarcane Borer: Control by Delta-Endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis, HD-1, in Field Tests12

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Sugarcane Borer: Control by Delta-Endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis, HD-1, in Field Tests Get access Leon J. Charpentier, Leon J. Charpentier Entomology Research Division, Agric. Res. Serv., USDA, Houma, Louisiana 70360 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. D. Jackson, R. D. Jackson Entomology Research Division, Agric. Res. Serv., USDA, Houma, Louisiana 70360 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. J. McCormick W. J. McCormick Entomology Research Division, Agric. Res. Serv., USDA, Houma, Louisiana 70360 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 66, Issue 1, 1 February 1973, Pages 249–251, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/66.1.249 Published: 01 February 1973 Article history Received: 17 April 1972 Published: 01 February 1973