jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Contribution of total nitrogen content in storage roots to multiple regression analysis for estimating yield of asparagus in rootstock-planting forcing culture

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rootstock-planting forcing culture is used in Japan to harvest asparagus spears out of season. To assess the yield before the actual harvest, we performed a multiple regression analysis using yield as a dependent variable and rootstock weights, chilling hours (i.e., cumulative hours during which the air temperature remained lower than 5°C), Brix values of storage roots, and total nitrogen content of storage roots as independent variables. Our previous study showed that rootstock weights and chilling hours were significant as independent variables. The addition of the nitrogen content of storage roots as an independent variable in the present analysis caused the multiple correlation coefficient to increase significantly (p=0.05). The possible role of nitrogen content in yield estimation is discussed.
Single Photon Nonlinearities and Macroscopic Entanglement

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

I will discuss a couple of recent experiments that are at opposite extremes of quantum photonics. We have demonstrated an integrated nonlinear optics scheme – based on sum-frequency generation - capable of photon-photon interactions. This approach has the potential for significant impact in quantum communication, e.g. for heralding entanglement over large distances and providing a significant step towards device-independent quantum key distribution. It also has the added advantage that it is incredibly flexible in terms of the wavelengths and bandwidths that can be incorporated, thus providing a potential solution for a wide range of experiments and applications beyond quantum communication. In a more fundamental experiment, we have tested a way of characterising macroscopic entanglement – the approach firstly amplifies a "microscopic" - single photon - entangled state, to the level of ~500 photons, before reducing this state back to the microscopic regime where a well known entanglement witness can be used to characterise the macroscopic state.
Public awareness of seafood mislabeling

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A substantial portion of seafood is mislabeled, causing significant impacts to human health, the environment, the economy, and society. Despite the large scientific literature documenting seafood mislabeling the public's awareness of seafood mislabeling is unknown. We conducted an online survey to assess the public's awareness and perceptions of seafood mislabeling. Of the 1,216 respondents, 38% had never heard of seafood mislabeling and 49% were only 'vaguely familiar' with it. After being provided the definition of seafood mislabeling 95% had some degree of concern. Respondents were the most concerned about environmental impacts caused by seafood mislabeling and the least concerned about the social justice implications. Respondents who were also more concerned and familiar with seafood mislabeling stated that they would be more likely to purchase seafood from a vendor where the labeling was independently verified.
Proposal for an Application to Support the Lifestyles of Single-person Households in Campustown

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This research originated with the need to help solve the problems facing single-person households living on or near the campus of I University located in Gyeongsangnam-do following the COVID-19 pandemic. Most single-person households tend to rely heavily on delivery food but have recently felt the increased financial burden of rising costs in deliveries and a higher minimum required purchase being set by delivery services. On the one hand, a range of useful location-based applications have been used to inform people about the surrounding restaurant information and school menus. However, an app that reflects the particular characteristics of I University and its surrounding area has yet to be released, inconveniencing the students living on or near campus. The results of interview found that 76.9% of interviewees were interested in using an application that was localized for their specific place of residence. This research proposes that the Information Architecture, User Journey Map, and Persona for an application designed specifically for I University be based on 3 similar lifestyle and utility applications created specifically for students of other universities.
The Use of Digital Resources to Support Elementary School Teachers' Implementation of the Common Core State Standards

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter describes the process of developing Web-based resources to support elementary school teachers' implementation of the Common Core State Standards in Mathematics in a large urban school district in the southeastern United States. Based on a learner-centered approach to teacher professional development the authors describe a three-fold process of supporting teachers: providing opportunities for teachers to deepen their understanding of the CCSSM, providing curricular resources that align with the CCSSM, and providing ongoing support through teachers' implementation of the CCSSM. Implications for the development of Web-based resources and researching these types of endeavors are also shared.
Juridical Analysis of the Position of PTUN in Resolving State Administrative Disputes

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study analyzes the position of the State Administrative Court (PTUN) in resolving state administrative disputes by highlighting its role, function, and authority in protecting citizens' rights. Using a normative juridical method, this research examines the legal basis, principles, and practices of PTUN in upholding the rule of law, including case studies to understand its legal implementation in court. The findings indicate that PTUN plays a crucial role in overseeing government actions to ensure compliance with the law and good governance principles, despite challenges related to independence, effectiveness, and public accessibility. Therefore, enhancing judicial capacity, simplifying procedures, and strengthening institutional independence are necessary for PTUN to function optimally. In conclusion, PTUN serves as a vital judicial control mechanism within Indonesia’s legal system, and strengthening this institution is essential to fostering a more transparent, accountable, and just government.
Neurocognitive Aspects of Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Studies pertaining to the neurocognitive functioning and learning of children in whom sickle cell disease is diagnosed are reviewed, and findings suggest diffuse neurocognitive deficits, with much variability across subjects. A hypothesis is presented about the cumulative nature of such deficits in children who have not sustained cerebral vascular accidents. Important methodological shortcomings in the literature are identified and recommendations are made for future neurocognitive research with children in whom sickle cell disease has been diagnosed. Studies pertaining to the psychosocial development of these children are also reviewed, and it is concluded that behavioral problems, low self-esteem, and disturbances of body image are frequently characteristic of these children. Recommendations are made including early special education and psychosocial intervention programs for children with sickle cell disease.
A polishable amperometric biosensor for bilirubin

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract An amperometric enzyme electrode for bilirubin based on the incorporation of bilirubin oxidase and horseradish peroxidase within a graphite‐epoxy matrix is reported. The resulting bienzyme electrodes are renewable (by polishing) and offer low‐potential detection of bilirubin. The limit of detection is 4 × 10 −6 M and the response is linear up to 1 × 10 −4 M. The influence of various experimental variables is described. The surface‐to‐surface reproducibility is 14% (in terms of relative standard deviation). The fabrication scheme is simple and the response times are short. The prospects of using amperometric bilirubin electrodes for diagnostic work are discussed.
The small proteoglycan biglycan is associated with thick collagen fibrils in the mouse decidua.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In mice, embryo implantation induces profound changes in the endometrium. These changes include redifferentiation of endometrial fibroblasts and extensive remodeling of extracellular matrix components. We have previously shown that, during this process, there is an impressive increase in the thickness of collagen fibrils present in decidualised areas that surround the implantation site, while collagen fibrils in non-decidualised areas and in the interimplantation site remain thin. In vitro and in vivo experiments have identified small leucine rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) as regulators of collagen fibrillogenesis. In a previous study, we demonstrated a difference between the pre-implantation and the post-implantation expression and distribution of four SLRPs types in uterine tissues. The present study, utilising immunocytochemical electron microscopy, shows that biglycan is associated with the presence of thick collagen fibrils in decidualised regions of the endometrium and that decorin is associated exclusively with thin collagen fibrils in non-decidualised endometrial areas. These results strongly indicate that biglycan plays a role in collagen fibrillogenesis and probably participates in the determination of collagen fibril thickness in the mouse decidua.
Identifying Root Causes of Important Service Failures across Medical Examination Processes with Integration of 4M1E, ITLV, GRA, DEMATEL and FMEA

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Medical examination plays an essential role in most medical treatment processes, and thus, the quality of service relevant to medical examination has great impact on patient satisfaction. The targeted hospital has long been faced with the problem that patient satisfaction of its medical examination department is below average. An assessment model, integrating 4M1E, ITLV, GRA, DEMATEL and FMEA, was developed in this study to identify the root causes of important service failures across medical examination processes, where (1) a cause-and-effect diagram was enhanced with 4M1E, identifying the list of failure modes relevant to service quality over the medical examination process with the 4M1E analysis framework, (2) FMEA experts were enabled to report their assessment results in their preferred ways by using the ITLV scheme, (3) causes of failure to failure modes with was figured out with DEMATEL, and (4) the evaluation results were improved by integrating GRA. Experimental results obtained by the proposed approach are compared with several benchmarks, and it was observed that (1) the results obtained by the proposed model are more suitable when FMEA experts prefer using different assessment languages versus other approaches; (2) the proposed model can figure out the key root causes according to their impact on overall failure modes.
Determination of thiram in tobacco by surface-enhanced differential Raman spectroscopy

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This study had developed a rapid, simple, accurate, and efficient method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of thiram residues tobacco and tobacco products based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and differential Raman spectroscopy. Acetonitrile was used as the extractant and PSA and GCB as the scavengers to effectively reduce the matrix effect. At the same time, sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid were used to induce the agglomeration of the target molecule and the nano particles of enhanced colloid substrates. With this approach to improve the sensitivity of analysis, our results showed that the fine linear equations of thiram with the correlation coefficients equaled 0.9986. The detection of limits was 0.0084 mg/L and the recovery was within 85–117% and the RSD was less than 10%. The detection method of thiram had a good accuracy and precision, which was potentially suitable for other dithoicarbamate pesticide residues in tobacco and tobacco products.
A machine learning-based typing scheme refinement for Listeria monocytogenes core genome multilocus sequence typing with high discriminatory power for common source outbreak tracking

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Background

As whole-genome sequencing for pathogen genomes becomes increasingly popular, the typing methods of gene-by-gene comparison, such as core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) and whole-genome multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST), are being routinely implemented in molecular epidemiology. However, some intrinsic problems remain. For example, genomic sequences with varying read depths, read lengths, and assemblers influence the genome assemblies, introducing error or missing alleles into the generated allelic profiles. These errors and missing alleles might create “specious discrepancy” among closely related isolates, thus making accurate epidemiological interpretation challenging. In addition, the rapid growth of the cgMLST allelic profile database can cause problems related to storage and maintenance as well as long query search times.

Methods

We attempted to resolve these issues by decreasing the scheme size to reduce the occurrence of error and missing alleles, alleviate the storage burden, and improve the query search time. The challenge in this approach is maintaining the typing resolution when using fewer loci. We achieved this by using a popular artificial intelligence technique, XGBoost, coupled with Shapley additive explanations for feature selection. Finally, 370 loci from the original 1701 cgMLST loci of Listeria monocytogenes were selected.

Results

Although the size of the final scheme (LmScheme_370) was approximately 80% lower than that of the original cgMLST scheme, its discriminatory power, tested for 35 outbreaks, was concordant with that of the original cgMLST scheme. Although we used L. monocytogenes as a demonstration in this study, the approach can be applied to other schemes and pathogens. Our findings might help elucidate gene-by-gene–based epidemiology.
HIV Infection and AIDS-Associated Neoplasms

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), people living with HIV have aged and shown a growing vulnerability to a variety of comorbidities, including cancer. While the availability of HAART has led to a sharp decrease in the rates of non-AIDS-defining malignancies (non-ADMs), HIV-infected people exhibit increased risks for a range of non-AIDS-defining cancers, both at younger ages and in more aggressive forms than non-HIV-infected persons. The uncertainty of living with both HIV and cancer places significant stressors on the patient and their family and social unit. This chapter describes the prevalence of cancer in the HIV-infected population and presents behavioral risk factors for developing cancer. It discusses three patient vignettes to illustrate how the additional burden of cancer interfaces with psychological and systemic resources required for living with HIV. As HIV extends into its fifth decade, medical practices treating HIV require additional cancer education, prevention, and intervention initiatives to better serve this vulnerable population. Finally, given the tremendous mortality still exacted by HIV disease and malignancies, HIV team models must also incorporate and integrate palliative care and end-of-life care expertise into the comprehensive care of patients living with and dying from HIV.
[Analysis of sleep structure and related factors in children with severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To investigate the sleep structure and related factors in children with severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS). Method: We summarized the characteristics of 250 children withsevere OSAHS diagnosed by polysomnography（PSG）in our hospital from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017. According to AHI, the patients were divided into three groups, 159 in group A with 20 < AHI≤0, 57 in group B with 40 < AHI≤60, and 34 in group C with AHI > 60. We collected the basic data, sleep parameters (sleep efficiency, latency, sleep stage, sleep index, etc.), preoperative arterial blood gas test results (awake and postsleep state), echocardiographic findings of the three groups. Statistical comparisons between groups were performed with SPSS19.0. Result: BMI, AHI, OAHI, LSaO₂ was significantly different with among the three groups (all P<0.01), and there was a linear correlation between BMI and AHI (r=0.251). There was significant differences in sleep efficiency (SE), sleep latency (SO), and rapid eye movement (REM) latency among the three groups. Compared with group A, the proportion of sleep in stage 1 increased by 38%, the proportion of sleep in stage 3+4 was decreased by 19%, and the proportion of REM was decreased by 14% in group C. There was no significant difference between group A and B. There was a significant linear correlation between AHI and ODI in NREM and REM, respectively (r¹=0.663, r₂=0.499, P< 0.001), and the ODI in REM (63.8±35.0) was significantly higher than that in NREM (29.7±36.0), accounting for 68% of the sleep. Sixty-five children had received preoperative arterial blood gas test (awake and post-sleep state). There was a significant negative correlation between AHI and SaO₂ after sleep (r=-0.444, P=0.000), and no significant correlation in awake state. Forty-four patients underwent preoperative echocardiographic examination. There was significant differences between group A and C in interventricular septum thickness, left ventricular diameter, and main pulmonary artery diameter (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between group A and B. There were no significant differences in aortic annulus diameter, left atrial diameter, left ventricular end diastolic dimension (LVEDD), ejection fraction(EF), and right ventricular anteroposterior diameter among the groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Obesity is an important factor affecting the severity of OSAHS. As the severity of disease increased, the proportion of awakening time and stage 1 of sleep increased, but stage 3, 4 and REM decreased significantly. The SE, SO, and REM latency were significantly associated with the severity of OSAHS. The severity of hypoxemia is significantly related to AHI, and mainly occur in REM stage. Severe OSAHS is risk factor for cardiovascular complications.
Effect of High Speed High Pressure Torsion Parameters on Grain Refinement of Coned Shape Fe Based SMA Active Elements

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

High Speed High Pressure Torsion (HS-HPT) refers to processing that involves a combination of high pressure with torsional straining. This technique allows the efficient grain refinement on shape memory alloy brittle (CuAlNi) or with very low plasticity (FeMnSiCr). HS-HPT involve slippage between anvils and sample this means the SPD occurs at specific temperature. The recrystallization during HS-HPT on shape memory alloys determines their functionality without supplemental heat treatments. The samples manufactured by HS-HPT are discs, rings or coned shaped, 20-40 mm in diameter and 1 mm - 0.2 mm thickness. Varying HS-HPT parameters coned shaped elements with increasing deformation degree were produced from Fe28Mn6Si7Cr [mass %] shape memory alloy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, highlighted ultrafine structure. Experiments show that the mechanical properties of the alloy can be enhanced by HS-HPT.
Advances in Data Processing for Airlines Revenue Management

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this communication advances in data processing techniques applied to Airlines Revenue Management are displayed. The general introduction presents a brief review of Airlines Revenue Management. The first of the paper introduces the problem of updating the probability distributions of demand for reservations. This updating process, facing the stochastic nature of demand for travel, is a cornerstone for the design of an efficient on-line decision support system to control the reservation process for a flight by an airline. The considered problem is formulated as a dual geometric problem to which an unconstrained nonconvex, primal geometric problem is associated. A genetic algorithm optimization approach is proposed to solve the primal geometric problem, and then the classical geometric primal-dual transformations provide the solution to the initial problem. Then, the second part of the paper considers the design of a new Decision Support System for improving the reservation control process of airlines. A new recursive Dynamic Programming model for maximum expected revenue evaluation is defined, which, contrarily to other approaches, takes explicitly into account daily booking request arrivals. A practical Backward Dynamic Programming algorithm is established, leading to the design of an on-line optimisation module for Revenue Management. In this study two cases are considered. The first one considers that fare classes are not physically confined and the obtained results are extended in the second case to cover the situations where confinement of fare classes (Business Class and Economy Class) is applied.
HEAT TREATMENT OF Mn-V-Mo AGE-HARDENING AUSTENITIC STEEL

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The age-hardening characteristics of Mn--V--Mo austenitic steels were determined as a function of the temperature of the solution treatment. The optimum condition for developing the full age-hardening pctential of an alloy is 1/2 hour at 2100 tained F followed by a water quench. Subsequent aging treatments required for maximum-hardness levels are: 1 hour at 1400 tained F, 6 hours at 1300 tained F, or 16 hours at 1200 tained F. An aging temperature between 1200 and 1300 tained F is optimum for controlling the balance between yield strength and ductility. The yield strength of metals in the fully-aged condition is directly proportional to Brinell hardness, at 80,000 to 150,000 psi for the compositions investigated. (auth)
Supplementing safflower oil (Carthamus Tinctori L) and inocytol in feed and its effect

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Investigating the effect of safflower oil (Carthamus tinctorius L) and inositol on the quality of Sentul chicken eggs. Eight one 16-week female Sentul chickens were distributed to 81 units of battery cage (3 chickens each). Basal diet was composed of corn, rice bran, soybean kernel, fishmeal, palm oil, calcium car-bonate (CaCO3), topmix, lysine and methionine, as well as safflower oil (Car-thamus tincthorius L) and inositol. The research was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 9 treatments and 3 replicates (3 chickens/unit). The treatments were R0 = Control/basal diet + 0% Safflower and 0% Inositol; R1 = Basal diet + 0.5% Safflower oil; R2 = Basal diet + 1.0% Safflower oil; R3 = Basal diet + Inositol 0.5%; R4 = Basal diet + Inositol 1.0%; R5 = Basal diet + 0.5 % Safflower oil + 0.5% Inositol; R6 = Basal diet + 0.5 % Safflower oil + 1.0% Inositol; R7 = Basal diet + 1.0 % Safflower oil + 0.5% Inositol; R8 = Basal diet + 1.0 % Safflower oil + 1.0% Inositol. The data were subjected to analysis of vari-ance (ANOVA), continued with an Honestly Significant Difference test (HSD) using SPSS ver. 17.0 with 5% error. The result showed that supplementing saf-flower oil (Carthamus tinctorius L) and inositol in feed did not significantly af-fect (P>0.05) egg weight, egg index, fat and cholesterol content of egg yolk, but significantly affected (P<0.05) egg yolk protein, and most significantly affected (P<0.01) egg production. Conclusively, supplementing 1% safflower oil in feed could increase egg production, but 1% safflower oil 1% + 0.5% 0.5% inositol could increase protein as well as decreasing fat and cholesterol of egg yolk.