jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Students’ Approaches to Learning in Agricultural Higher Education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

An Expost facto research design was adopted to understand the learning approaches of agricultural students (deep, strategic, and surface) and the data were collected randomly from 1514 students of Indian agricultural higher education institutions using the ‘Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST)’ instrument. The predominant learning approach adopted by the agricultural students was found to be ‘strategic’ (41.1%), followed by ‘deep’ (40.3 %) and ‘surface’ (15.5 %) approaches. No significant association (Chi-square statistic = 24.106, p=0.156) was found in the student learning approaches across the disciplines, while significant difference (t-statistic=2.248, p=0.028) was found between graduate and undergraduate students in case of ‘deep approach’. Gender had a significant association (Chi-square statistic =14.817, p<0.001) with the students’ learning approaches, especially in ‘strategic’ and ‘surface’ approaches. The paper calls for more systematic and effective teaching-learning and assessment strategies to enhance agricultural higher education quality.
THE DETERMINANTS OF CUSTOMER PREFERENCES TOWARDS MICROFINANCE SERVICES: A CONSUMER PERSPECTIVE FROM PAKISTAN

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

PurposeThis study helps to understand the successful path of micro-financing, which can plays a vital role in poverty alleviation in Pakistan. Methodolgy/Sampling-To collect data authors of this paper visited different microfinance institutions (MFIs) like Tameer Micro Financing Bank and Khushali Bank Limited in Karachi. A structured questionnaire was designed for data collection of consumers of microfinance. Statistical data of 100 samples showed 46% of respondents acquired loan for agricultural purposes while 54% loans were business based. Findings-It is observed that male respondents are higher than female. Regression model showed 38% variation in consumer preference regarding the microfinance services. Statistic in the ANOVA shows the significanceof model. The coefficient of MFIâ€™s Approach with negative sign indicates an inverse relationship with that of consumer preferences. It means that MFI agents do not give proper value to the targeted consumers. Finally the amount of loan and interest charged by the MFIâ€™s is also having a negative impact on the consumers of micro- finance. Practical Implications-This study deliver statistical evidence of utilization of funds as well as the consistency of gathered data. Work showed that responded are need to be aquired more knowlwdge about the microfinance services in Pakistan.
How the Bible Became a Book

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

For the past two hundred years biblical scholars have increasingly assumed that the Hebrew Bible was largely written and edited in the Persian and Hellenistic periods. As a result, the written Bible has dwelled in an historical vacuum. Recent archaeological evidence and insights from linguistic anthropology, however, point to the earlier era of the late-Iron Age as the formative period for the writing of biblical literature. How the Bible Became a Book combines these recent archaeological discoveries in the Middle East with insights culled from the history of writing to address how the Bible first came to be written down and then became sacred Scripture. This book provides rich insight into why these texts came to have authority as Scripture and explores why Ancient Israel, an oral culture, began to write literature, challenging the assertion that widespread literacy first arose in Greece during the fifth century BCE.
High pressure fosters protein refolding from aggregates at high concentrations

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

High hydrostatic pressures (1–2 kbar), combined with low, nondenaturing concentrations of guanidine hydrochloride (GdmHCl) foster disaggregation and refolding of denatured and aggregated human growth hormone and lysozyme, and β-lactamase inclusion bodies. One hundred percent recovery of properly folded protein can be obtained by applying pressures of 2 kbar to suspensions containing aggregates of recombinant human growth hormone (up to 8.7 mg/ml) and 0.75 M GdmHCl. Covalently crosslinked, insoluble aggregates of lysozyme could be refolded to native, functional protein at a 70% yield, independent of protein concentration up to 2 mg/ml. Inclusion bodies containing β-lactamase could be refolded at high yields of active protein, even without added GdmHCl.
Benjamin Constant: his debts towards Adam Smith

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The bonds linking Benjamin Constant's work to the Scottish moralists have always been known. But the discovery and subsequent publication of the 1806 Principes de politique have in particular shown how intellectually indebted Constant was to Adam Smith. In order to develop his theory of the limitation of political power, Constant truly stood on Smith's shoulders. He took up Smith's theory of the dispersal of knowledge, which is probably the most significant page of The Wealth of Nations . Smith believed that every person has a knowledge of particular circumstances of time and place, which puts each of us in a position of advantage compared with all others. It was on the basis of this theorem that he demolished the myth of the omniscient legislator. Therein lies the root of Constant's political theory, and this is often neglected by those who fail to grasp the breadth and fruitfulness of Smith's thought.
Initiation, Development and Structure of Rice Nodular Structure

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rhizobium PP. isolated from rice nodules induced rice root hair expanding, curling and branching.Rice nodule primordium was found 25 d after inoculation. Many small nodular structures were produced 30-40 d after inoculation. Most of these structures could not further develop and die. Different kinds of culture media affected the initiation and development of rice nodular structure, soil was the best. The cellular structure of rice nodules was similal to that of legume nodules. The infected cells were connected with vascular bundles by cortex.The infected cells were full of bacteria.
Extending Brazilian DTV Middleware to Incorporate 3D Technologies

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The support for 3D technologies in Digital Television (DTV) environments extends the possibilities of entertainment and interactivity. In this paper is described an architecture based on a middleware for Digital Television (DTV) that incorporates 3D technologies on Brazilian standard for DTV. The integration strategies will be presented and compared with other studies in the literature. As case study, it will be presented a simplified virtual environment to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of this integration.
Jaboticabin and Related Polyphenols from Jaboticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora) with Anti-inflammatory Activity for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Myrciaria cauliflora (jaboticaba) is an edible fruit common in Brazil that has been used for treating respiratory diseases, including chronic tonsillitis and asthma. This study explores the distribution of an anti-inflammatory depside, jaboticabin, in different parts of the jaboticaba plant as well as major polyphenols from the wood of jaboticaba, some with biological activity similar to jaboticabin. The peel of the fruit was found to be the major source of jaboticabin. This is the first phytochemical study of the wood of M. cauliflora. The antioxidant-activity-guided fractionation strategy successfully identified 3,3'-dimethylellagic acid-4- O-sulfate from jaboticaba wood. This ellagic acid derivative, in a manner similar to jaboticabin, showed antiradical activity and inhibited the production of the chemokine interleukin-8 after treating the human small airway epithelial cells with cigarette smoke extract. The human intestinal Caco-2 cell studies demonstrated the jaboticabin transport in vitro. The polyphenols, jaboticabin and 3,3'-dimethyellagic acid-4- O-sulfate, from jaboticaba were both found to exhibit anti-inflammatory activities, thus suggesting the potential use of these compounds or even the fruits themselves for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Source Modeling for Predicting Ground Motions and Permanent Displacements Very Close to the Fault Trace

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A conventional “recipe” for strong ground motion prediction has been applied to the seismic fault (deep fault; located within seismogenic layer). In order to perform assessments of strong ground motions and permanent displacements at sites very close to the fault trace, we proposed the method of modeling that takes the entire ruptured fault from the ground surface to the seismic fault into account. Our approach was validated by the simulation of observed records obtained at stations very close to the fault trace of the mainshock of the 2016 Kumamoto Japan, earthquake (M w 7.1). Also, through the ground motion assessment performed for a hypothetical strike-slip fault with a 90[Formula: see text] dip angle, we found that adding the shallow fault had virtually no effect on acceleration time history, but it had a clear effect on the fault-parallel component of velocity and displacement time histories in the area close to the fault trace.
Validation of the PD diagnostic model in vitro.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

(A-D) The expression level of 4 features in PD. (E-J) Western blot analysis the expression of TH, TFR, FTH, ACSL4 and GPX4 in SH-SY5Y cells treated by the 6-OHDA. (K-M) The levels of iron, MDA and GSH in SH-SY5Y cells treated by the 6-OHDA. (N-Q) The mRNA relative expression levels of GNGT1, FCN2, S100A2 and NEUROD4 in SH-SY5Y cells. (N = 3, *p < 0.05 vs Ctrl group, **p < 0.01 vs Ctrl group, ***p < 0.001 vs Ctrl group. #p < 0.05 vs 6-OHDA group, ##p < 0.01 vs 6-OHDA group, ###p < 0.001 vs 6-OHDA group).
Development of The Workplace Attachment Scale (WAtS): evidence of validity and reliability

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Attachment refers to affective-emotional bonds developed early between child and caretaker, and to its consequences throughout life. This study aimed at constructing a measure to assess adult attachment in workplace relationships. The sample of the study consisted of 450 adult participants (62.2% female; M= 24 years old, SD= 6.69%) included in the labor market. The results of an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis indicated a three-dimensional structure that evaluated aspects of security, anxiety and avoidance of attachment in workplace situations, explaining 55% of the total variance. In addition, dimensions in both analyses showed omega coefficients high than .80. The measure presented expected correlations with close attachment, career success, satisfaction with life and self-efficacy dimensions. In conclusion, this study offers a validated measure: The Workplace Attachment Scale (WAtS), in Brazilian Portuguese that enables the investigation of attachment relationships in the workplace.
Evaluation of selected bone metabolism markers in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Analysis of the obtained results confirms the presence of disorders of bone metabolism in RA patients. A chronic inflammatory process favors the development of osteoporosis in RA patients. Reduced levels of bone metabolism markers (osteocalcin, PICP) in the study group, compared to the control, may indicate a reduced pace of osteogenesis in RA patients. No effect of therapy with methotrexate and cyclosporine on bone metabolism in that group of patients was found.
Effects of low glycemic index&nbsp;and fat restriction diet&nbsp;on weight control and cardiovascular factors: a cohort study based on populations in Southwest China

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background: Evidence from trials about benefits and risks of low glycemic index diets to loss weight and modify cardiovascular risk factors is preliminary. It is unclear to health benefits of choosing a suitable food source and limiting fat. The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the effect of low glycemic index and fat restriction diet on weight control and cardiovascular risk factors of overweight/obesity individuals in Southwest China.Methods: Overweight/obese men (n=101) and women (n =153) were received low glycemic index with fat restriction diet intervention, dietary advice consistent with dietary portfolio principles between February and July in 2019. Specific dietary intervention lasted 3 months. Changes in weight, body composition, and blood chemistry profile were obtained.Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, the physical indicators were significantly different at baseline and after 3-momth intervention. All detected indexes were not significantly different between the male and female individuals. Compared with baseline before intervention, participants showed varying degrees of improvement in body mass index, BMI, waist circumference, percentage of body fat, visceral fat, cholesterol and triglycerides.Conclusions: For overweight/obesity individuals in Southwest China, regardless of the gender, low glycemic index and fat restriction diet might be helpful to control weight and cardiovascular risk.Trial registration: CHiCTR, ChiCTR1900020934, Registered 22 January 2019, http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=35414&htm=4.
An acoustic echo canceler

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The authors describe an experimental 1000-tap single-chip adaptive AEC (acoustic echo canceler) occupying 28 mm/sup 2/ of die area in 3- mu m, double-metal, p-well, CMOS technology. A floating-point format and power-of-two multiplications are chosen to simplify the hardware. To exploit pipelining and parallelism, interleaved data storage and multibank memory sharing the same addresses are designed. Hardware minimization is considered from both the system and the architecture perspective. In a loudspeaker telephone application, 27 dB of echo reduction is achieved after 1 s of convergence time.< >
Damage to Cabbage by the Clover Cutworm, Scotogramma trifolii (Rott.) (Lepidoptera: Phalaenidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The clover cutworm, Scotogramma trifolii (Rott.), has been recorded from a wide variety of host plants, but there are few records in the literature associating it with cole crops. Riley (1893) recorded it from cabbage in Maryland. Gibson (1915) recorded it from turnip and cabbage in Canada. Forbes (1951) and Frost (1955) listed cabbage as a host plant in New York and Pennsylvania, respectively. In 10 years' studies on caterpillars on cabbage in the Ottawa VaIley, 1949 to 1958, numbers of the clover cultworm on cabbage were almost always negligible. However, in the early summer of 1956 it occurred throughout the area in significant numbers, and in a study field of early cabbage at Merivale, Ontario, caused sufficient damage to affect the market value of the crop.
Using Hybrid Sensoring Method for Motion Capture in Volleyball Techniques Training

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The objective of the research is to provide a new hybrid motion capture method to assist the players' training of the standardized volleyball techniques. The proposed method is developed by integrating the optical passive maker based motion capture method and the non-optical inertial motion capture method. The hybrid method can accurately capture an individual volleyball player's movement including running, jumping, strike, service, reception, etc. Then, the captured motion data can be used to precisely reconstruct the player's behavior as a 3D model in the analysis system for the comparison between the player's volleyball techniques with the world-class players. Thus, the coach and the player can distinctly observe the degree of standardization of the player's volleyball techniques and improve the techniques by using the specific training methods. The hybrid motion capture method is proposed by exploring of the complementary characteristics of the optical and non-optical motion capture method. We verify the effectiveness of the proposed method by testing in the Sichuan Provincial Men's/Women's Volleyball Team and the local volleyball teams. The results of the research and test demonstrate that the proposed hybrid motion capture method is specifically suitable for assisting the training of the player's standardized volleyball techniques and significantly enhance the performance of the training.
Knockout of miR-221 and miR-222 reveals common and specific targets for paralogous miRNAs

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the expression of mRNA through sequence-specific binding of the 3′ untranslated region (UTR). The seed sequence of miRNAs is the key determinant for target site recognition. Paralogous miRNAs, which share the same seed sequences but differ in their 3′ regions, are known to regulate largely overlapping groups of mRNAs. However, no study has analyzed functional differences between paralogous miRNAs with proper experimental methods. In this study, we compared the targets of paralogous miRNAs, miR-221 and miR-222. Using a nuclease-mediated genome engineering technique, we established knockout cell lines for these miRNAs, and precisely analyzed differences in target regulation. We found that miR-221 and miR-222 suppress the previously identified targets, CDKN1B and CDKN1C, differentially. Whereas both miRNAs suppressed CDKN1B, only miR-221 suppressed CDKN1C. From transcriptome analyses, we found that several different target mRNAs were regulated by each of miR-221 and miR-222 independently, although a large number of mRNAs responded commonly to miR-221 and miR-222. This is the first study to compare the mRNA regulations by paralogous miRNAs and illustrate that paralogous miRNAs with the same seed sequence also have difference in target regulation.
Statistic lz-Based Person-Fit Methods for Noncognitive Multiscale Measures

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Most person-fit statistics require long tests to reliably detect aberrant item-score vectors and are not readily applicable to noncognitive measures that consist of multiple short subscales. The authors propose combining subscale person-fit information to detect aberrant item-score vectors on noncognitive multiscale measures. They used a simulation study and three empirical personality and psychopathology test datasets to assess five multiscale person-fit methods based on the [Formula: see text] person-fit statistic with respect to (a) identifying aberrant item-score vectors, (b) improving accuracy of research results, and (c) understanding causes of aberrant responding. Simulated data analysis showed that the person-fit methods had good detection rates for substantially misfitting item-score vectors. Real-data person-fit analyses identified 4% to 17% misfitting item-score vectors. Removal of these vectors little improved model fit and test-score validity. The person-fit methods helped to understand causes of aberrant responding after controlling for response style on the explanatory variables. More real-data analyses are needed to demonstrate the usefulness of multiscale person-fit methods for noncognitive multiscale measures.
Linear Twofold Coordination of Arsenic in [Cp′(CO)2MnAsMn(CO)2Cp′]⊕

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An angle of 176.6° at the As atom is found for 1, and X-ray studies show that the MnAsMn unit in 2 is also linear. 1 and 2 are thus the first compounds in which an element of the fifth main group exhibits a linear μ2-coordination; the arrangement of the Mn ligands in 1 is in agreement with the allene-like formulation MnAsMn.
Evaluation of Thuricide 48Lv Against Douglas-Fir Tussock Moth Larvae of Various Age, Laboratory Bioassay, 1992

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Trials were conducted to determine the relative susceptibility of different larval stages of Douglas-fir tussock moth to the Bacillus thuringiensis insecticide Thuricide 48LV. Cultures were established from egg masses collected near Vail, CO and larvae were maintained on field collected foliage of white fir. Bioassays consisted of dipping foliage in various dilutions (1:200-1:3200) which was fed to larvae after air drying. Trials with Instar I involved placing newly hatch caterpillars in groups of twenty with five replications, and maintaining them in petri dishes. Later instar larvae were divided into groups of ten with six replications per treatment. Mortality was checked at varying intervals after exposure and food was replenished as needed.
Impact of Human and Social Capital on Economic Development in Pakistan: Empirical Evidence From Primary Data Analysis

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study examines the impact of human and social capital on economic development in Pakistan by employing empirical evidence from primary data analysis. The survey was conducted in Multan District based on the household concerning questionnaire. The results conclude that age, on job training, area of residence, public health units, and work experience have positive and significant impact on economic development, while norms of the society and gender have negative impact on economic development. In other words, it is empirically evident from the analysis that human and social capital has strong impact on economic development. Therefore, there is an ardent need to bring the sustainable changes in human and social capital for inclusive growth and economic development in Pakistan.
IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS AND RELATED PUBLICATIONS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Under the terms of Article III of its Statute, the IAEA is authorized to establish or adopt standards of safety for protection of health and minimization of danger to life and property, and to provide for the application of these standards. The publications by means of which the IAEA establishes standards are issued in the IAEA Safety Standards Series. This series covers nuclear safety, radiation safety, transport safety and waste safety. The publication categories in the series are Safety Fundamentals, Safety Requirements and Safety Guides. Information on the IAEAs safety standards programme is available at the IAEA Internet site