jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sarcopenia: Aging-Related Loss of Muscle Mass and Function

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sarcopenia is a loss of muscle mass and function in the elderly that reduces mobility, diminishes quality of life, and can lead to fall-related injuries, which require costly hospitalization and extended rehabilitation. This review focuses on the aging-related structural changes and mechanisms at cellular and subcellular levels underlying changes in the individual motor unit: specifically, the perikaryon of the α-motoneuron, its neuromuscular junction(s), and the muscle fibers that it innervates. Loss of muscle mass with aging, which is largely due to the progressive loss of motoneurons, is associated with reduced muscle fiber number and size. Muscle function progressively declines because motoneuron loss is not adequately compensated by reinnervation of muscle fibers by the remaining motoneurons. At the intracellular level, key factors are qualitative changes in posttranslational modifications of muscle proteins and the loss of coordinated control between contractile, mitochondrial, and sarcoplasmic reticulum protein expression. Quantitative and qualitative changes in skeletal muscle during the process of aging also have been implicated in the pathogenesis of acquired and hereditary neuromuscular disorders. In experimental models, specific intervention strategies have shown encouraging results on limiting deterioration of motor unit structure and function under conditions of impaired innervation. Translated to the clinic, if these or similar interventions, by saving muscle and improving mobility, could help alleviate sarcopenia in the elderly, there would be both great humanitarian benefits and large cost savings for health care systems.
Investigation of SMAP Fusion Algorithms With Airborne Active and Passive L-Band Microwave Remote Sensing

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The objective of the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is to provide global measurements of soil moisture and freeze/thaw states. SMAP integrates L-band radar and radiometer instruments as a single observation system combining the respective strengths of active and passive remote sensing for enhanced soil moisture mapping. Airborne instruments are a key part of the SMAP validation program. Here, we present an airborne campaign in the Rur catchment, Germany, in which the passive L-band system Polarimetric L-band Multi-beam Radiometer and the active L-band system F-SAR of DLR were flown simultaneously on six dates in 2013. The flights covered the full heterogeneity of the area under investigation, i.e., the main land cover types and all experimental monitoring sites. Here, we used the obtained data sets as a test bed for the analysis of three active-passive fusion techniques: 1) estimation of soil moisture by passive sensor data and subsequent disaggregation by active sensor backscatter data; 2) disaggregation of passive microwave brightness temperature by active microwave backscatter and subsequent inversion to soil moisture; and 3) fusion of two single-source soil moisture products from radar and radiometer. Results indicate that the regression parameters β are dependent on the radar vegetation index. The best performance was obtained by the fusion of radiometer brightness temperatures and radar backscatter, which was able to reach the same accuracy as single-source coarse-scale radiometer soil moisture retrieval but on a higher spatial resolution.
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 124500 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "TaxonKey is one of (Carex bremurii, Carex caryophyllea umbrosa, Carex praecox umbrosa, Carex praecox umbrosa, Carex umbrosa huetiana, Carex pendula, Carex maxima, Carex myosuroides, Carex pendula pallida, Carex pendula myosuroides)", "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", { "not" : { "BasisOfRecord" : [ "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen, Machine Observation)" ] } }, "Continent is Europe", "Year is greater than or equal to 1980", "Year is less than or equal to 2024" ] } The dataset includes 124500 records from 1077 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0017924-250717081556266/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Strategic Models for the Delivery of Personal Financial Services

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The growth of the Internet and the rapidly evolving regulatory climate in the United States and abroad have radically altered the environment of the financial service industry. This chapter focuses on integrated personal financial services (IPFS) — the integration of services such as banking, insurance, and investing for the end consumer — in this new, networked economy. It identifies three different business models for the delivery of IPFS. It explores the concept of an infocracy, a form of organization in which information provides the underpinning of structure and the basis of individual power, and addresses its implications for the management and success of the alternative IPFS business models.
Musicology and Critical Theory: The Case of Wagner, Adorno, and Horkheimer

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Adorno’s Versuch über Wagner (1938/1952) is unquestionably a significant musicological work, yet the discipline has sought mostly to neutralize, even while registering, its impact. The essential and acknowledged influence of Max Horkheimer’s study of bourgeois anthropological ideology upon Adorno’s monograph is outlined in order to construct a context for its understanding and use within musicology. More broadly, the question is raised whether this collision of ideas originating with the ‘Frankfurt School’ offers a workable model for reading, into music, a coded reflection of sociological meaning. To conclude, a suggestion is put forward as to how the Versuch might be used as a basis for ongoing research: will history judge Wagner’s achievement to be the source of so-called ‘new music’, or merely an extravagant symptom of the decline of the old?
miR-205 in Situ Expression and Localization in Head and Neck Tumors - a Tissue Array Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

LNA-ISH revealed that miR-205 exhibited significant differential cytoplasmic and nuclear staining among inflammation, benign and malignant tumors of head and neck. miR-205 was not only exclusively expressed in squamous epithelial malignancy. This study offers information and a basis for a comprehensive study of the role of miR-205 that may be useful as a biomarker and/or therapeutic target in head and neck tumors.
Optimal Fuzzy Controller, using a Genetic Algorithm for a Ball on Wheel System

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The process of building a fuzzy controller for the Ball on Wheel problem raised an issue with the optimization of the controller parameters.For non-linear systems the parameter values of the controller are based on a subjective estimate and a trial-and-error approach.This is a time-consuming human task, which could be automated.The information obtained from the visualized simulation results gave us the opportunity to increase the controllable area, using a genetic algorithm (GA), by tuning the parameters of the fuzzy membership methods.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD Untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan Dan Hasil Belajar IPS Pada Siswa Kelas VB SDN 1 Kaliwuluh Semester I Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

<p><em>This study aims to increase activity and low social studies learning outcomes. The implementation of this Classroom Action Research was carried out in two cycles, with each cycle consisting of planning, implementing actions, observing, and reflecting. The subjects of this study were students of class VB SDN 01 Kaliwuluh which opened 21 students with the object of research on student activities and learning outcomes. From the results of data analysis it is known that in each cycle there is an increase in student activity and learning outcomes. In the condition, the percentage of student learning activities is only 22.66%, while the learning outcomes are 63.64% below the KKM. In the first cycle, learning activities increased to 62.99% and learning outcomes reached 68.18%. In the second cycle, student activity increased to 77.89% and learning outcomes reached 86.36%. Based on Classroom Action Research, it can be said that the application of the STAD type cooperative learning model can increase the activeness and learning outcomes of social studies students in class V B SDN 01 Kaliwuluh in semester 1 of the 2020/2021 academic year.</em></p>
Phenotype Development in Adolescents With Tourette Syndrome: A Large Clinical Longitudinal Study

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by frequent comorbidities and a wide spectrum of phenotype presentations. This study aimed to describe the development of phenotypes in TS and tic-related impairment in a large longitudinal study of 226 children and adolescents followed up after 6 years. The participants were clinically examined to assess tic severity and impairment, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The development in phenotypes changed toward less comorbidity with 40% TS-only (no OCD or ADHD) (TS without OCD or ADHD) at baseline and 55% at follow-up.Tic-related impairment was expected to improve with an age-related tic decline, but surprisingly the impairment score did not reflect the tic decline. Sex, vocal and motor tics, and OCD and ADHD severity were highly significantly correlated to the impairment score. Knowledge of TS phenotype development is used in clinical settings to guide patients and for genetic, etiological, and clinical research purposes.
Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin Film Solar Cells Produced via Sol Gel without Sulfurization and Optimization the Annealing Temperature

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films were synthesized by spin coating on soda lime glass (SLG) substrates and SLG substrates covered by molybdenum using the sol-gel method, without a further sulfurization step. The thin films were subsequently annealed under different temperature ranging from 350°C to 550°C for 1h in a nitrogen N2 gas atmosphere. The effect of the annealing temperature on the properties of CZTS was systematically investigated. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) studies revealed that the as-deposited films and those annealed present the (112), (220), and (312) diffraction peaks that are characteristic of the kësterite phase. The optimum temperature annealing found to be 470°C, and the crystallite size increases with annealing temperature. The band gap energy of CZTS thin films changed in the range of the 1.85eV to 1.48eV upon varying the annealing temperature. The first SLG/Mo/CZTS/ CdS/i-ZnO/AZO/Al-grid solar cells that were fabricated showed an open-circuit voltage of 140 mV and short-circuit current of 0.63mA/cm2. These results demonstrate the CZTS thin films can be successfully deposited by a low cost sol-gel technique.
The Role of Village Court for Local Dispute Resolution: A Study on Mullapur and Tukerbazar Union

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Village Court is a statutory formal court under the provision of Village Court Act 2006.It is quasi-formal justice system and constituted for the easy and speedy trial of certain cases and disputes, under each union of the country.Village Courts has emerged in mid-seventies with a view to dispensing the justice in the rural area and improving the situation of Salish.To strengthen the village court, the Government of Bangladesh with the help of UNDP and EU has taken 'Activating Village Courts Project'.This study examines the role of Village Court for local dispute resolution and reveals that the activities of the existing village court has a variety of challenges such as the lack of fund allocation for village court, the shortage of personnel.It was an explorative research and conducted in two unions of Sylhet district.The sample was selected purposively and collected information with a semistructured questionnaire.The study concludes with some recommendations and initiatives that are effective to build the village court as the best local dispute resolution mechanism and village court can play a vital role to ensure justice service in the rural Bangladesh.
Design of geometric moving average control chart to monitor poisson mean for an unstabilized production process

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Control chart is one of the important tools of Statistical Process Control to monitor the quality of goods or to improve the production process by identifying the assignable causes of variations. In this article we present a newly developed control chart to Monitor Poisson mean through Geometric Moving Average through EWMA Statistic. In a novice production process the variations is inevitable and fluctuate between control or in-control process. Hence to suite the need of the un-stabilized process and to monitor the target TPEWMA is developed. The newly designed TPEWMA control charts and its parameters are determined based on the Truncated Poisson Distribution. The comparison on EWMA control chart with newly designed TPEWMA control charts shows better detection in small shifts. The Average Run Length of control chart is the measure of efficiency of the control chart and is larger for an in-control quality process. But at the same time ARL’s are smaller for small shifts. Hence one can give pressure on the producer to maintain the process through tightening the variable factor in a TPEWMA control chart.
Magnetotelluric inversion based on mutual information

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Joint inversion of different geophysical data sets is becoming a more popular and powerful tool, and it has been performed on data sensitive both to the same physical parameter and to different physical parameters. Joint inversion is undertaken to reduce acceptable model space and to increase sensitivity to model parameters that one method alone is unable to resolve adequately. We examine and implement a novel hybrid joint inversion approach. In our inversion scheme a model—the reference model—is fixed, and the information shared with the subsurface structure obtained from another method will be maximized; in our case conductivity structures from magnetotelluric (MT) inversion. During inversion, the joint probability distribution of the MT and the specified reference model is estimated and its entropy minimized in order to guide the inversion result towards a solution that is statistically compatible with the reference model. The powerful feature of this technique is that no explicit relationships between estimated model parameters and reference model ones are presumed: if a link exists in data then it is highlighted in the estimation of the joint probability distribution, if no link is required, then none is enforced. Tests performed verify the robustness of this method and the advantages of it in a 1-D anisotropic scenario are demonstrated. A case study was performed with data from Central Germany, effectively fitting an MT data set from a single station within as minimal an amount of anisotropy as required.
An Overview of the 1997 HCM Update THIS FEATURE THE 1997 UPDATE OF THE

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

or HCM) represents a significant CHANGES CONTAINED advancement in the methods by which capacity and level of service (LOS) are esti-WITHIN THE 1997 mated for highway facilities. This feature summarizes the major changes contained UPDATE AND PROVIDES within the 1997 update and provides an in-progress review of further work that AN IN-PROGRESS REVIEW ultimately will result in a completely revised HCM (dubbed the HCM2000). OF FURTHER WORK The decision to produce a 1997 update to the HCM did not come easily, THAT ULTIMATELY WILL considering that the most recent update (1994) is still fairly recent and that a com-RESULT IN A COMPLETELY pletely new edition of the HCM is scheduled for publication in the year 2000. It
Suicide mortality among agricultural workers in a region with intensive tobacco farming and use of pesticides in Brazil

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Pesticide poisoning is a known occupational hazard that has been associated with both depression and suicide. Little research has been done on neurobehavioral effects and mental health of tobacco agricultural workers who are simultaneously exposed to pesticides and to toxins in tobacco leaves. AIMS: An ecological study was designed to analyze suicide mortality patterns among agricultural workers and investigate whether suicide risk is exacerbated in regions with higher pesticide use and/or presence of tobacco farming. METHODS: Suicide mortality data was gathered for residents of different cities in the Northeastern Brazilian state of Alagoas. Agricultural census data was used to determine the presence of tobacco farming and the amount of pesticides used in each city, and mortality odds ratio calculations were employed to compare suicide risks between workers in different cities. Distributions were made for different variables and interquartile comparisons were performed according to different exposure degrees. Differences in suicide risk were noted between a. agricultural and non-agricultural workers, and b. agricultural workers living in cities with different levels of pesticide use and tobacco farming. RESULTS: Overall, agricultural workers showed higher risk of death by suicide than non-agricultural workers. Among agricultural workers, risk of death by suicide was elevated in cities that use more pesticides, and greatest in cities that use pesticides and produce tobacco. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the first studies of its kind to suggest that synergic effects of pesticides and tobacco exposure may be linked to increased suicide incidence among agricultural workers. Further investigation of the interaction and toxicity of these factors is needed in order to implement more appropriate regulations that will protect the health of workers and populations living in cities surrounding agricultural areas with intensive tobacco farming.
Fast-Lock Dual Charge Pump Analog DLL using Improved Phase Frequency Detector

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a dual charge pump architecture for fast-lock low-jitter analog delay-locked loop (DLL) is proposed and analyzed. The proposed fast lock analog DLL takes up less area compared to other similar fast lock analog DLL due to the reduction of the number of phase frequency detector (PFD) used in the design. An improved PFD is proposed to reduce the output jitter by reducing the one-shot pulse produced when the reference signal and output signal is in phase. The proposed DLL circuit is designed based on the Silterra 0.18-mum 1P6M CMOS process with a 1.8-V supply voltage. The active area of the proposed DLL circuit is 327.46 mum x 116.16 mum. An experimental chip was implemented and measured. The measurement results show that the proposed DLL has fast locking and low jitter properties.
Non-motor phenotypes in Parkinson’s disease patients with metabolic syndrome. (P2.8-036)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

May 6, 2019April 9, 2019Free AccessNon-motor phenotypes in Parkinson’s disease patients with metabolic syndrome. (P2.8-036)Jesús D. Meléndez-Flores, Sergio A. Castillo-Torres, Christopher Cerda-Contreras, Beatriz Chávez-Luévanos, and Ingrid Estrada-BellmannAuthors Info & AffiliationsApril 9, 2019 issue92 (15_supplement)https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.92.15_supplement.P2.8-036 Letters to the Editor
Inclusion complexation between baicalein and β-cyclodextrin and the influence of β-cyclodextrin on the binding of baicalein with DNA: a spectroscopic approach

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This work deals with the commonly studied cyclic oligosaccharide and gains importance as it is entered on a drug delivering carbohydrate and provides insight into the oligosaccharide complex–biomolecular interaction. The binding of a flavone, baicalein, to β-cyclodextrin and calf thymus DNA is studied. The binding of baicalein to calf thymus DNA in the presence of β-cyclodextrin is analysed using the UV–vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The mode of binding and structure of the baicalein–β-cyclodextrin complex are reported. The role of the structure and the stoichiometry of the inclusion complex of baicalein–β-cyclodextrin in its influence on DNA binding are analysed. Highlights • This paper deals with the binding of a flavone, baicalein to β-cyclodextrin and/or DNA. • The inclusion complexation between baicalein and β-cyclodextrin is analysed. • The stoichiometry and the binding strength of the inclusion complex is reported. • The role of β-cyclodextrin in tuning the binding of baicalein to DNA is emphasized. • Spectroscopic and docking analysis are used to articulate the results. The influence of β-cyclodextrin on the binding of baicalein with DNA
Intra-Root Cavernous Angioma of the Cauda Equina : A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Authors experienced intra-root cavernous angioma which is very rare case among cavernous angiomas of cauda equina. Our intra-root cavernous angioma was confirmed by findings from operating field and microscopic examination. We report this case with review of the literature.
Vector-quantization-based scheme for data embedding for images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Today, data hiding has become more and more important in a variety of applications including security. Since Costa's work in the context of communication, the set of quantization based schemes have been proposed as one class of data hiding schemes. Most of these schemes are based on uniform scalar quantizer, which is optimal only if the host signal is uniformly distributed. In this paper, we propose pdf -matched embedding schemes, which not only consider pdf -matched quantizers, but also extend them to multiple dimensions. Specifically, our contributions to this paper are: We propose a pdf-matched embedding (PME) scheme by generalizing the probability distribution of host image and then constructing a pdf-matched quantizer as the starting point. We show experimentally that the proposed pdf-matched quantizer provides better trade-offs between distortion caused by embedding, the robustness to attacks and the embedding capacity. We extend our algorithm to embed a vector of bits in a host signal vector. We show by experiments that our scheme can be closer to the data hiding capacity by embedding larger dimension bit vectors in larger dimension VQs. Two enhancements have been proposed to our method: by vector flipping and by using distortion compensation (DC-PME), that serve to further decrease the embedding distortion. For the 1-D case, the PME scheme shows a 1 dB improvement over the QIM method in a robustness-distortion sense, while DC-PME is 1 dB better than DC-QIM and the 4-D vector quantizer based PME scheme performs about 3 dB better than the 1-D PME.