jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Speech Audiometrical Results Before and After Reimplantation of Cochlear Implants

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the audiological outcomes of cochlear reimplantation with those of the first cochlear implant (CI). Design: A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of all CI recipients who received the first CI at the age of 8 years or above and who were subsequently reimplanted on the same side. All participants who received their first implant after January 1, 2000, and who were reimplanted before January 1, 2021, were included. CI recipients who were unable to perform an open-set of Flemish monosyllable speech audiometry were excluded. The participants’ clinical files were reviewed in terms of the cause of hearing loss, age at the first and second implantation, device types, the time between the first and second surgery, speech reception scores before and after reimplantation, and the reason for reimplantation. Results: Reimplantation was due to device failure in 19 out of 22 patients, performance decrement in two patients, and medical reasons in one patient. The interval between the first and second CI ranged from 8 to 218 mo. Within-subject analysis showed the speech reception performance with the second CI to be significantly better than that with the first CI at all follow-up time points, with average within-patient gains of 17%, 16%, 12%, and 15% at 3 mo, 9 mo, 3 years, and the highest scores achieved, respectively. After reimplantation, the performance was better than the last results before reimplantation, and this was significant from 9 mo after reimplantation onwards. Three patients (14%) had a performance degradation with the second CI, which was probably owing to (1) difficulties in reimplantation surgery leading to a reduced number of active channels, (2) insufficient experience with the second CI as the reimplantation has been performed recently, and (3) advanced fenestral and retrofenestral otosclerosis. Conclusions: The present study shows that speech reception performance after reimplantation yields faster and better results than the first implant. It takes a couple of months to get better results than those before the reimplantation. Only in a minority of participants, a small deterioration may be observed. It seems that soft failures in the absence of measurable technical abnormalities call for caution with regard to reimplantation.
Donepezil rescues the medial septum cholinergic neurons via nicotinic ACh receptor stimulation in olfactory bulbectomized mice

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) causes cognitive dysfunction by degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the medial septum. Here, we define an involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) in neuroprotective effect of donepezil in the septum neurons of OBX mice. Neuroprotective effects on the medial septal cholinergic neurons were assessed after chronic donepezil administration in OBX mice. We also measured Akt and ERK phosphorylation to define the neuroprotective mechanism of donepezil. We found that treatment with donepezil (1 - 3 mg/kg) for 15 consecutive days completely rescued cholinergic neurons in the OBX mice with concomitant improved memory. Reduction of both protein kinase B (Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation were restored by chronic donepezil administration (1 - 3 mg/kg) in OBX mouse medial septum. Both phosphorylated Akt and ERK immunoreactivities were localized in cell bodies of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive cholinergic cells in the medial septum. Enhancement of Akt and ERK phosphorylation seen following donepezil administration was totally blocked by pre-administration of mecamylamine (10 μM), a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. Donepezil increases phosphorylation of Akt and ERK via nAChR stimulation in the medial septum cholinergic neurons. The Akt and ERK stimulation by donepezil is associated with its ability of neuroprotection in the medial septum and memory improvement.
Mapping the Brain in OCD: Clinical Neuroimaging Insights Into Symptom Dimensions and Subtypes – A Systematic Review

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract

Background Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a complex and often disabling condition that affects millions worldwide. Patients experience very different types of symptoms—from repeated handwashing to intrusive doubts or compulsive ordering—that do not always respond equally well to treatment. Understanding whether these clinical differences are reflected in the brain could open the door to more personalized care. Methods We systematically reviewed 95 neuroimaging studies published between 2000 and 2025, covering MRI, diffusion imaging, functional MRI, PET, and spectroscopy. Studies were included if they examined at least 15 patients with OCD and focused on symptom dimensions or data-driven biological subtypes. Results Across imaging methods, the same core brain network—linking the frontal cortex, striatum, thalamus, and back to the cortex—emerged as a key circuit in OCD. At the same time, different symptom profiles showed partly distinct patterns: contamination fears involved insula and ventromedial prefrontal regions; checking was linked to the dorsal anterior cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; symmetry/ordering engaged parietal and sensorimotor regions; and hoarding involved the orbitofrontal cortex. Newer studies using multimodal data and machine learning suggest at least two reproducible neurobiological subtypes. Conclusions Neuroimaging highlights both common and unique brain signatures across OCD subtypes. These findings hold promise for tailoring treatments to patients’ needs, though larger and more collaborative studies are required before such insights can guide everyday clinical decisions.
Intracorporeal End-to-Side Esophagojejunostomy Using a Laparoscopic Purse-String Clamp during Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Because no effective methods for performance of anastomosis have been established, use of laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) has not been widely accepted. We aimed to establish the feasibility of using a newly developed purse-string suture instrument (“Lap-Jack”), which can be used in performance of intracorporeal anastomosis. Methods: From April, 2010 to February, 2011, 50 patients with upper gastric cancer underwent LTG with intracorporeal Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy using the Lap-Jack. Retrospective data for gender, age at the time of surgery, past medical history, operative time, estimated blood loss, TNM staging, and postoperative complications were reviewed. Results: Among the 50 patients, 33 were male and 17 were female. Median age was 59.9 years. The average operative time was 217.4±41.7 minutes. Based on the AJCC 7 th edition of Gastric Cancer Staging, 19 patients were stage IA, three patients were IB, 12 patients were II, one patient was IIIA, three patients were IIIB, eight patients were IIIC, and two patients were IV. The overall morbidity rate was 18.0% without any mortality. Complications included wound problems (2.0%, n=1), pleural effusion (2.0%, n=1), urinary retention (4.0%, n=2), efferent loop obstruction due to adhesion (4.0%,n=2), postoperative ileus (2.0%, n=1), postoperative bleeding (2.0%, n=1), and intra-abdominal abscess (2.0%, n=1). No leakage or stenosis of esophagojejunostomy was reported. Conclusion: The Lap-Jack is feasible and suitable for use in performance of esophagojejunostomy during LTG.
Blastocystis sp. Subtype Diversity in Wild Carnivore Species from Spain

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The occurrence and molecular diversity of the stramenopile eukaryote Blastocystis sp. was investigated by PCR and sequencing (Sanger and NGS ) methods in 380 faecal specimens of free‐living carnivores in Spain. Blastocystis sp. was confirmed in 1.6% (6/380) of the specimens analysed. Two samples from a common genet and a fox were successfully subtyped as ST 7 by Sanger. Using NGS , ST 14 was found in a fox and a European polecat, ST 7 in a fox, and two additional foxes presented mixed infections of ST 1/ ST 2/ ST 4 and ST 1/ ST 2/ ST 7, respectively. Wild carnivore species could act as carriers of zoonotic Blastocystis subtypes.
Structure of the murine tissue factor gene. Chromosome location and conservation of regulatory elements in the promoter.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Tissue factor (TF) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates cellular initiation of the coagulation serine protease cascades. Moreover, expression of TF in human atherosclerotic plaques is likely to play a significant role in the thrombotic complications associated with plaque rupture. In this study the complete murine TF gene, Cf-3, was isolated from mouse NIH 3T3 cells and was found to consist of six exons spanning about 11 kilobase pairs (kbp) of DNA. A major transcriptional start site was located 24 bp downstream of a TATA box. Cf-3 was mapped to chromosome 3 by analysis of an intersubspecies test cross. Conserved transcription factor-binding sites were identified by comparison of 5' flanking regions of the murine and human TF genes. A region of the TF promoter required for constitutive expression exhibited 85% identity in DNA sequence and included two conserved binding sites for Sp1. Furthermore, two AP-1 sites and an NF-kappa B site were conserved in a 56-bp region necessary for transcriptional activation in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. These highly conserved regions of the TF promoter, which contain several binding sites for well-characterized transcription factors, are likely to be functionally important in the complex pattern of TF gene expression observed in a variety of cell types.
Recent advances in modeling of wind turbine wake vortical structure using a differential actuator disk theory

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the recent developments of a new CFD-based method aimed at predicting wind turbine aerodynamics, where velocity and pressure discontinuities are used to model the vortical system that creates lift on the turbine blades. To illustrate the ability of the present model to predict induced wake effect, the case of the taper wing is thoroughly analyzed and effects of both domain discretization and convection scheme are presented. Results are mitigated regarding predicted performance of induced drag, but accurate induced and upstream flow angles values are obtained. The method is even shown to be a useful calculator for the relationship between inflow angle measured upstream and effective angle of attack of a wing section. Interesting results for the NREL phase VI rotor have been obtained showing improvement of the method upon actuator-disk approach in handling tip vortices effect on the blade aerodynamics.
Solid film lubricants and thermal control coatings flown aboard the EOIM-3 MDA sub-experiment

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Additional experimental data were desired to support the selection of candidate thermal control coatings and solid film lubricants for the McDonnell Douglas Aerospace (MDA) Space Station hardware. The third Evaluation of Oxygen Interactions With Materials Mission (EOIM-3) flight experiment presented an opportunity to study the effects of the low Earth orbit environment on thermal control coatings and solid film lubricants. MDA provided five solid film lubricants and two anodic thermal control coatings for EOIM-3. The lubricant sample set consisted of three solid film lubricants with organic binders one solid film lubricant with an inorganic binder, and one solid film lubricant with no binder. The anodize coating sample set consisted of undyed sulfuric acid anodize and cobalt sulfide dyed sulfuric acid anodize, each on two different substrate aluminum alloys. The organic and inorganic binders in the solid film lubricants experienced erosion, and the lubricating pigments experienced oxidation. MDA is continuing to assess the effect of exposure to the low Earth orbit environment on the life and friction properties of the lubricants. Results to date support the design practice of shielding solid film lubricants from the low Earth orbit environment. Post-flight optical property analysis of the anodized specimens indicated that there were limited contamination effects and some atomic oxygen and ultraviolet radiation effects. These effects appeared to be within the values predicted by simulated ground testing and analysis of these materials, and they were different for each coating and substrate.
La ética en la investigación de posgrado

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article presents the results of an exploratory-descriptive research with empirical referents. The objective was to document, systematize and evaluate some features of 15 postgraduate theses in education, with the intention to make visible some recurring dishonest practices of students and teachers. The postgraduate programs from which the theses were obtained are located in the metropolitan area of Mexico City. The selection of documents was carried out between July and November 2015. Two Likert scales were used to assess two dimensions separately: 1) content, in which originality, congruence, dominance and relevance of authors, findings and relevant conclusions were considered; and 2) presentation, which examined style, logical structure, spelling and punctuation, citations, references and sources of information. Each indicator was assigned a numerical value and this one was given an evaluative characteristic: 5: excellent, 3: regular and 1: deficient. Subsequently, percentages were obtained. The results indicated that only a third of the theses could be classified as excellent for the quality of the content and the impeccable presentation; a similar percentage were works that fulfilled the necessary but didn’t count with the rigor and originality of the first ones. The remaining papers had serious deficiencies, both in content and in the formal presentation of the document, without achieving the minimum quality demanded by a postgraduate thesis. The analysis of these investigations made it possible to visualize some of the dishonest practices of people graduating from various educational programs and the lack of commitment to their research. The results about the quality of the research in various doctoral programs indicate that there is little responsibility in students, personal tutor and the reviewer. The results allow the authorities of each program to observe the problem and seek practical solutions to solve it.
Training Accuracy Improvement for ERP Datasets by Employing Restart Learning Strategy

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The Event Related Potential (ERP) technique provides a powerful way of exploring brain and neuroscience. However, ERP data are susceptible to different noises and artifacts some of which are impossible to be filtered out. In this case, it is necessary to find a strategy to tolerate these noises, ensuring accuracy even lots of noises showing up. One possible strategy is the restart learning rate schedule (restart schedule) which was developed to deal with the multi-modal optimization problems. In order to verify restart schedule's effectiveness in improving the accuracy of training ERP data, restart schedule was applied to train different ERP datasets and compared to the other schedules in this paper. The experimental results show that the restart schedule performs the best compared to the other schedules.
Dynamic landscape of pancreatic carcinogenesis reveals early molecular networks of malignancy

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective The initial steps of pancreatic regeneration versus carcinogenesis are insufficiently understood. Although a combination of oncogenic Kras and inflammation has been shown to induce malignancy, molecular networks of early carcinogenesis remain poorly defined. Design We compared early events during inflammation, regeneration and carcinogenesis on histological and transcriptional levels with a high temporal resolution using a well-established mouse model of pancreatitis and of inflammation-accelerated Kras G12D -driven pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Quantitative expression data were analysed and extensively modelled in silico. Results We defined three distinctive phases—termed inflammation, regeneration and refinement—following induction of moderate acute pancreatitis in wild-type mice. These corresponded to different waves of proliferation of mesenchymal, progenitor-like and acinar cells. Pancreas regeneration required a coordinated transition of proliferation between progenitor-like and acinar cells. In mice harbouring an oncogenic Kras mutation and challenged with pancreatitis, there was an extended inflammatory phase and a parallel, continuous proliferation of mesenchymal, progenitor-like and acinar cells. Analysis of high-resolution transcriptional data from wild-type animals revealed that organ regeneration relied on a complex interaction of a gene network that normally governs acinar cell homeostasis, exocrine specification and intercellular signalling. In mice with oncogenic Kras, a specific carcinogenic signature was found, which was preserved in full-blown mouse pancreas cancer. Conclusions These data define a transcriptional signature of early pancreatic carcinogenesis and a molecular network driving formation of preneoplastic lesions, which allows for more targeted biomarker development in order to detect cancer earlier in patients with pancreatitis.
Intrusion of upper molars with mini-implants for open bite correction is effective? A systematic review

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The open bite is a malocclusion defined by the absence of a positive vertical overlap of the upper incisors over the lower ones. It is believed that the correction of this malocclusion with mini-implants is as effective as another technique. Objective: To verify by scientific evidence the effectiveness of upper molar intrusion with mini-implants for correction of open bite. Material and Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (version 5.3) was used to assess the methodological quality and risk of bias of the included studies. Results: During the selection and evaluation process, 795 of the 1297 papers were eligible for research in their titles and abstracts. Repeated articles were removed and as a result, 21 articles were retrieved and read completely. Those who did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded, resulting in only 6 articles that were included. Conclusion: The intrusion of the upper molars with the use of mini-implants as a skeletal anchor is effective for open bite correction. When the technique of upper molar intrusion with mini-implants was compared with the technique of posterior high pull and incisor extrusion, the first one was more effective for the correction of open bite. The recurrence of molar intrusion does not invalidate mini-implant treatment for open bite correction because the benefits achieved outweigh the small dental relapse.Keywords Orthodontics, corrective; Tooth intrusion; Open bite.
Control of neuronal firing by dynamic parallel fiber feedback:implications for electrosensory reafference suppression

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY The cancellation of self-generated components of sensory inputs is a key function of sensory feedback pathways. In many systems, cerebellar parallel fiber feedback mediates this cancellation through anti-Hebbian plasticity,resulting in the generation of a negative image of the reafferent inputs. Parallel fiber feedback involves direct excitation and disynaptic inhibition as well as synaptic plasticity on multiple time scales. How the dynamics of these processes interact with anti-Hebbian plasticity to shape synaptic inputs and provide a cancellation mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the influence of parallel fiber feedback onto pyramidal neurons of the electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL) in weakly electric fish under open loop conditions. We mimicked naturalistic parallel fiber inputs in an ELL brain slice by implementing an experimentally based model of this synaptic pathway using dynamic clamp. We showed that as parallel fiber activity increases, the effective input to ELL pyramidal neurons changes from net excitation to net inhibition, resulting in a non-monotonic firing response. Using a model neuron, we found that this robust non-monotonic response is due to a shift from balanced excitation and inhibition at low parallel fiber input rates, to dominant inhibition at high input rates. We then showed that this non-monotonic response provides a simple basis for negative image generation. Through changes in the mean activation rate of parallel fibers, the feedback can switch roles between enhancement and suppression of sensory inputs in a manner that is directly determined by the slope of the non-monotonic response curve.
The conceptual Risk Management Model — A case study of Varazdin County

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Risk Management has become a very important issue in the corporate management in recent years. Similarly, Public Sector recognized the importance of Risk Management but the implementation of Risk Management principles in Croatia is mainly focused on financial aspects with subsequent checks. This paper presents the Conceptual Enterprise Risk Management Model developed in Varazdin County, using the Method engineering principles. The Method engineering approach used in this model describes the steps and methods which have to be taken, the precise order and time in the Risk Management Process in public sector. Developed Conceptual Enterprise Risk Management Model has been tested on the Project "Development of broadband infrastructure in the areas of Varazdin County without sufficient commercial interest for investment".
Occurrence Download

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A dataset containing 424774 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation", "Country is India", "GadmGid is IND", "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", { "or" : [ "TaxonKey is Hydrobatidae", "TaxonKey is Podicipedidae", "TaxonKey is Ciconiidae", "TaxonKey is Phoenicopteridae", "TaxonKey is Threskiornithidae" ] }, "Year 2000-2020" ] } The dataset includes 424774 records from 8 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0279895-200613084148143/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
[Myocardial protection during open heart operations].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The need for adequate protection of the myocardial tissue during open heart operations has proved to be of considerable importance in view of the conditioning value of the functional anatomical state of the myocardial fibre on the outcome of the surgery itself. After a review and description of the most widely used methods of protection, the Authors draw on the data in literature in order to trace a critical profile of each method, outlining its merits and defects in the light of present experience.
Dasar-dasar Fenomena Transport: Volume 2 Transfer Panas

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Buku dasar-dasar fenomena tranport jilid 2 ini mengulas materi mengenai transfer panas dalam fluida yang pembahasannya meliputi dasar-dasar transfer panas, persamaan diferensial transfer panas, konduksi keadaan tunak, konduksi keadaan taktunak, transfer panas konvektif, korelasi transfer panas konvektif, mendidih dan kondensasi, peralatan transfer panas, dan transfer panas radiasi,