jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of QualityEarly Childhood Education Program Services UsingCIPP Model

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this evaluation study is to analyzing the effect of context, input
evaluation, the process of the quality of the ECE program in Semarang city. To find this
out, quantitative research was conducted with the exposure facto research approach. This
evaluative research will be conducted ECE in Semarang city with a population of 553 ECE
educators, sample in the study are 120 ECE educators. Data collection techniques used is
observation and questionnaire. The analysis technique used in this study uses Structural
Equitation Modeling software, AMOS 24.0. The results of the study show: context
evaluation, input evaluation, and process evaluation has a positive and significant effect
on the quality of ECE services in Semarang city. So the decreasing quality of the process
in ECE services will have difficulties in improving the quality of ECE services, and
context, input, and process evaluation together have a significant effect on the quality of
ECE service in Semarang city.
Injuries Due to School Sports Accidents in 4 to 13-Yr.-Old Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

505 kindergarten and primary school children from 4 to 13 years of age were treated for school sports injuries during the period 1990–1997. The incidence of injuries increased statistically significantly from .5 per 1,000 children 4- to 5-yr.-old to 4.8 injured children per 1,000 in 12- to 13-yr.-old. 59% of the injuries involved upper extremities; 35% of these were in the wrist region. 33.5% of the injuries were of the lower extremities, with 50% being of the feet and 36.4% of the ankle. Accidental falls were the main situation (53%) in which school sport accidents occurred. Nearly 65% of these accidental falls occurred at the ground level; the remaining accidents (35%) occurred when the child was working on an apparatus, e.g., parallel bars, balancing beam, side horse. The 4- to 5-yr.-old children were the most vulnerable to accidental fall (67%). A statistically significant increase in injuries in ball sports was observed from 4- to 5-yr.-olds (0%) to the 12- to 13-yr.-olds (28%).
Exploring Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents with Disabilities: A Bibliometric Review of Current Status, Guidelines, Perceived Barriers, and Facilitators and Future Directions

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Physical activity contributes to both physiological and psychosocial benefits for children and adolescents with disabilities. However, the prevalence of physical inactivity is notably higher among disabled young people compared to their healthy peers. Despite this, there is a lack of constructed knowledge structure, evolutionary path, research hotspots, and frontiers in studies related to physical activity in young people with disabilities.Methods: The literature related to the research of physical activity in children and adolescents with disabilities was retrieved from the core collection of the Web of Science. The annual publication numbers and the timing, frequency, and centrality of the co-occurrence network with respect to journals, countries, institutions, authors, references, and keywords were analyzed. Additionally, clustering analysis and burst analysis were performed on the references and keywords. All analyses were conducted using CiteSpace. Results: A total of 1308 related articles were included. The knowledge structure of research on the physical activity of disabled children and adolescents, including annual publication numbers, influencing journals, countries, institutions, authors, references, and keywords along with their respective collaborative networks, has been constructed. Furthermore, the research foundation, current hot topics, and research frontiers have been identified by analyzing references and keywords. Conclusions: Current research hotspots include interventions, therapies, and programs aimed at enhancing specific skills, as well as addressing the satisfaction of competence to improve motivation and the effectiveness of physical activity. There is also a focus on the development of scales for quantitative studies. Future directions may be toward personalized interventions or programs to enhance physical activity levels among youth with disabilities.
Multi-point optimization using GAs and Nash/Stackelberg games for high lift multi-airfoil design in aerodynamics

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the discussion and comparison of the different optimization strategies and their associated evolutionary tools for the multi-point design optimization of a multi-element airfoil system during landing and taking off operations of an aircraft. New optimization algorithms based on binary coded genetic algorithms (GAs) coupling with game theory, such as Nash GAs (N-GAs) and Stackelberg GAs (S-GAs), are introduced and implemented to optimize the position of slat and flap of a high lift system operating simultaneous at taking off and landing conditions. A cheap nondifferentiable CFD solver coupling an inviscid panel approach with laminar or turbulent boundary layers and wake is used to solve the flow field around this system. Numerical results are compared with different strategies which demonstrates the flexible capability and robustness of such algorithms for multi-objective and multidisciplinary optimization problems in aerodynamics.
Efficient Peer-to-Peer Unicasting for VANET Architectures via Enhanced Monolithic Protocols

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

<div> <div> <div> <div>With the advent of vehicular networks and the corresponding requirements, developers are faced with new challenges associated with fundamental protocol attributes and capabilities. In our work, we consider ESP-NOW: a connectionless WiFi communication protocol developed by Espressif and featuring short packet (up to 250 bytes) transmission. It is different from more traditional WiFi protocols, as the upper five layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) stack are simplified to a single monolithic layer. The data does not need to travel through all the OSI-or Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)-specific layers, which measurably reduces over-head, processing delay all while increasing system responsiveness. The presented work targets the considerable research gap in regards to this protocol and constitutes an attempt to dissect it and provide experimental results, which prove to be promising for highly mobile clusters. Relevant developments find great applicability in ad hoc and vehicular communications, where real-time connectivity and sufficient coverage are pivotal in supporting reliable networking. In this paper, we also investigate the usage of a modified 802.11 standard to enable long-range and low-power interfacing amongst networked vehicular nodes.</div> </div> </div> </div>
Large-Scale Multiview Clustering via Joint Learning of Anchor Representation and Multigraph Alignment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The anchor-based clustering method is currently a predominant technique for handling large-scale data. However, in multiview data, existing anchor-based methods face a key challenge: balancing individual anchor graph distinctiveness with final consistency. To address this challenge, we propose a large-scale multiview clustering (MVC) method via joint learning of anchor representation and multigraph alignment (ARMGA). Specifically, ARMGA introduces a unified framework that facilitates the concurrent learning of single-view anchor representations and virtual graph-based multigraph alignment. The approach aims to preserve the adaptability of anchor learning across different views, while ensuring the ultimate consistency of the merged anchor graph. Furthermore, ARMGA employs Schatten- $\boldsymbol {p}$ norm on the tensor formed by the adaptive anchor representation, originating from multigraph alignment, to reinforce cross-view consistency. This technique effectively leverages complementary information preserved across views to bolster the overall structure and consensus information. Ultimately, to attenuate the noise impact on the anchor representation matrix, ARMGA capitalizes on the cosine angle information from the low-rank representation as coefficients within the relationship matrix and efficiently reduces computational complexity through deductions. On nine datasets, ARMGA has exhibited a notable improvement in clustering performance indicators by 2%-10% over other algorithms, while also maintaining lower time complexity.
Restrictive Lung Function Patterns and Sex Differences in Primary School Children Exposed to PM2.5 in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Northern Thailand experiences annual haze events with fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exceeding standards, posing risks to schoolchildren. This cross-sectional study (Chiang Mai, 2024) evaluated respiratory impacts among primary school children aged 8–12 years. Daily mean PM2.5 concentrations were obtained from a single fixed-site monitoring station (36T) located within 2 km of the spirometry site. Among 93 children with acceptable spirometry, 52% exhibited restrictive, 18% obstructive, and 30% had normal function. After adjustment for BMI, males had significantly lower odds of any pulmonary abnormality than females (AOR = 0.084; 95% CI 0.017–0.417; p = 0.002). The mean FEV1/FVC ratio was normal (86.30 ± 13.07%), whereas mean FVC, FEV1, and PEF were significantly below predicted values, indicating a predominantly restrictive pattern. This predominance likely reflects cumulative exposure to biomass-burning related PM2.5 during the haze season, infiltration of outdoor PM2.5 into indoor environments alongside indoor sources, and the vulnerability of developing lungs in children’s factors that reduce lung volumes while largely preserving the FEV1/FVC ratio. The exposure assessment provides pragmatic, proximity-based estimates but is limited by reliance on one station and one season, which may not capture spatial or temporal variability. These findings highlight sex-based susceptibility and support stronger air quality protections for children.
Operations of a Student-Run Asylum Clinic: Frameworks, Challenges, and Recommendations

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Student-run asylum clinics within medical schools represent a promising alternative to costly medicolegal services for people seeking asylum by providing pro bono forensic medical evaluations. However, there exist significant operational barriers to creating and developing such clinics, which depend largely on volunteerism and limited financial budgets. This policy and practice note not only presents a framework aimed at navigating these barriers in developing a student-run asylum clinic but also outlines critical challenges and recommendations for addressing them. We describe three principal components of clinic structure: community outreach and service, administration of forensic medical evaluations, and continuity of care. We also highlight challenges, such as access to a physical space for evaluations, maintenance of interpreter access and quality, standardization of clinician evaluator expectations, clinician evaluator availability, and evaluator wellbeing. Recommendations include the incorporation of a diversity of referral sources, opportunities for clinician-clinician shadowing, evaluation quality assessment, affidavit standardization, and development of interdisciplinary partnership.
Models of and approaches to the station management of six African community radio broadcasters

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article is a political economy critique that contributes to current scholarship on community radio and development by examining the question of the management of six networks from Mali, Mozambique and Uganda. This discussion argues that understanding the models and functions of management committees will go a long way towards contributing to conversations on how community radios could achieve social, institutional, financial and ideological sustainability. The article also examines how management committees approach their work in the age of new Information Communication Technologies (especially mobile phones, computers and the Internet), and whether there is a gender digital divide within such committees. At the centre of thecurrent discussion, therefore, is an attempt to understand the flow and contestation of power within community radio management committees.
Urban Design as Public Policy: Evaluating the Design Dimension of Vancouver's Planning System

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper examines Vancouver's system of urban design as public policy utilizing 12 principles derived from critiques of design review in the USA. These principles include community vision; the relationship of design, planning and zoning; substantive design principles; and due process in review. Vancouver's city-wide plan, neighbourhood visions and sub-area development plans provide the vision, while its cooperative planning, development levies and discretionary zoning system and guidelines support the pursuit of quality urban design. Its practices are based on generic and contextual design principles, while its processes are transparent, participative, backed by peer review, predictable and effective.
PROBLEMS OF POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION AND SELF-EDUCATION OF REHABILITATION PHYSICIANS

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

he problems of the postgraduate education of medical practitioners are considered through the prism of sociological views regarding the acceleration of increasingly complex society. A total number of 1586 rehabilitation specialists from all Russian regions were interviewed during the VI International Congress “Neurorehabilitation” that took place in Moscow in June 2014. The results show that the physicians are not well oriented in the evaluation of the sources of self-education and professional training (given that there is motivation for that). The respondents demonstrate poor attention to the sources they chose; they fail to name correctly at least one recently read article devoted to the topic they are interested in. According to respondents, the best way to improve professional skills is to participate in foreign internship program; fewer respondents opt for studying educational materials and monographs (self-education), participating in state-run training courses, or listening to the lectures at national and foreign congresses. Private courses do not inspire confidence; the information provided by social media including special medical resources (such as “Doktor na rabote”, “Vrachi RF”) is recognized to be least valuable. Many respondents mention difficulties concerning their inclusion in effective postgraduate education due to problems of enrollment, high price of courses, obstacles put by the administration and lack of desire. The interpretation of answers as signs of simplification of social practices (constant professional training) allow assessing the current processes in a new way (establishing professional associations such as Union of Rehabilitologists of Russia, experimental parascientific schools, introduction of state standards et cet). The studied phenomena can be compared with the characteristics typical for the concept of social acceleration (self-organization, self-analysis or fragmentation of professional community forced by the introduction of new standards or professional profile). The possible ways to tackle the problems in the medical training is to improve the standardization of the postgraduate education, to preserve and develop the “degree of liberty” with regard to the compulsory elements of the education and self-education, and to prevent the dehumanization of the system. The authors cite an example of the renewed practice used in the experiment which is in process.
X‐ray diffraction evidence for the presence of β(AgHg) in dental amalgam

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Abstract Samples of (Ag + Hg) amalgam and of dental amalgam have been prepared and stored at temperatures of 23, 37.5, and 60°C for various lengths of time up to 10 years. X‐ray diffraction and optical microscopy have been employed to determine the approximate increase in the β(AgHg) phase as a result of the γ → β transition in the AgHg system. Data are presented to show that the transition occurs in both systems but much less rapidly in dental amalgam. Increases in storage temperature increase the rate of the transition in both systems.
Four cases of brown-vialetto-van laere syndrome from Iran: Clinical and electrophysiologic findings.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome (BVVLS) is a rare neurological disorder. We report our finding about four patients clinically and electrophysiologically diagnosed as BVVLS and denoted their clinical features with comparison to previous reports. The first symptom was bilateral hearing loss and the onset of other cranial nerves involvement varied between 0-15 years. Our patients represented some rare features like upper motor neuron signs in one patient and two cases interestingly developed some clinical improvement. This is the first report of BVVLS from Iran. Our patients which represent Caucasian population had generally similar features like previously reported cases.
5. Automated analysis of 1p/19q status by FISH in oligodendroglial tumours.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Automated analysis of 1p and 19q status in oligodendroglial tumors by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) can be achieved by image-analysis software present in the majority of institutions using the FISH technique. Despite the widespread availability of this software, there are no specific guidelines in the literature on how to use it. We studied which green/red (G/R) probe signal combinations are predictive of 1p/19q co-deletion in a retrospective series of 53 oligodendroglial tumours and defined a new algorithm with a reduced sequence of combinations compared to previous studies. This algorithm was then tested and refined on a prospective series of 45 oligodendroglial tumours. The new algorithm scores 24 G/R combinations, which represent less than 50 % of the total observed combinations in our series. This algorithm excludes some previously described combinations and redefines the place of others. G/R combinations of 5/2, 6/2 and 6/3 associate with deletion status combinations, combinations of 1/2 associate with normal chromosome status, and combinations of 3/3 and 4/4 associate with imbalanced chromosome status. The new algorithm when applied to the combination and ratio methods of signal probe analysis gives a high concordance between manual and automated analysis on examination of 100 tumour cells (91% concordance for 1p and 89% concordance for 19q) and total concordance on examination of 200 tumour cells. This highlights the value of automated analysis to identify cases with imbalanced chromosome status, in which a larger number of tumour cells should be study by manual analysis. Our algorithm can be easily programmed on all existing FISH analysis software platforms and should facilitate multicentric evaluation and standardization of 1p/19q assessment in gliomas.
Unveiling the Antimicrobial Potential of 7-O-succinyl Macrolactin F from Bacillus subtilis Group against HtsA Siderophore Receptor of Staphylococcus aureus: A Computational Exploration

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Staphylococcus aureus remains a prominent pathogen within health-care environments due to its extensive repertoire of virulence factors. The escalating prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains has underscored the urgency of identifying alternative treatment strategies. The study focuses on the HtsA siderophore receptor, an integral cell wall component of all S. aureus strains, responsible for iron acquisition from the host environment. Here, we investigate the potential of Bacillus sp. derived macrolides as inhibitors of this critical iron uptake mechanism. Methods: Sixteen distinct macrolide ligands were evaluated for their ability to disrupt iron acquisition by S. aureus through interaction with the HtsA receptor. Employing molecular docking and subsequent molecular dynamics (MDs) simulations, the binding interactions and dynamic behaviors of these ligands with the receptor were assessed. Results: Notably, the complex formed between 7-O-succinyl macrolactin F and HtsA demonstrated a good binding affinity of − 8.5 kcal/mol, outperforming the binding affinity of staphyloferrin A, which exhibited a binding affinity of − 6.9 kcal/mol. MD simulations further corroborated the stability of the 7-O-succinyl macrolactin F-HtsA complex over time, suggesting the potential for this interaction to be harnessed as a novel therapeutic strategy not only for existing antibiotic-resistant strains but also for those that may arise in the future. Conclusion: The findings propose Bacillus species-derived macrolides as potential adjuvant therapies for S. aureus infections, pending comprehensive safety assessments. This research lays the foundation for the development of innovative antimicrobial agents targeting essential virulence-associated mechanisms in S. aureus .
Novel therapeutic opportunities for Alzheimer's disease: focus on nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disorder with dementia in the elderly. The AD brain pathology is characterized by deposits of amyloid‐β (Aβ) peptides and neurofibrillary tangles but also (among other aspects) by signs of a chronic inflammatory process. Epidemiological studies have shown that long‐term use of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduces the risk of developing AD and delays its onset. Classical targets of NSAIDs include cycloxygenase, nuclear factor κB, and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors. Modulation of these pathways, all of which have been implicated in AD pathogenesis, could explain the NSAID effect on AD progression. However, recent studies indicate that a subset of NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, indomethacin, and flurbiprofen may have direct Aβ‐lowering properties in cell cultures as well as transgenic models of AD‐like amyloidosis. A renewed interest in the old and a discovery of new pharmacological properties of these drugs are providing vital insight for future clinical trials. In this review we will summarize how the combination of traditional (anti‐inflammatory) and new (anti‐amyloidogenic) properties of some NSAIDs is providing unprecedented opportunities for drug discovery and could potentially result in novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of AD. Townsend K. P., Praticò D. Novel therapeutic opportunities for Alzheimer's disease: focus on nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs. FASEB J. 19, 1592–1601 (2005)
Tasty for everyone: Using horizontal metaphor in food evaluations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article examines the effects of embodied cognition related to a spatial horizontal metaphor , whereby consumers seem to associate horizontal space with the “left being bad” and “right being good.” Across four studies, we extend prior research on embodied cognition by theorizing how the physical location of products, the usage of the left or right hand, and the product valence interact to influence consumer evaluations. The findings reveal a complex nature of effects associated with the horizontal metaphor, valence of food, as well as approach‐avoidance orientation. These findings have important theoretical and practical implications.