jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Research on Operation Mechanism of Property Integration and Virtual Integration of Enterprise External Cooperation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Today the change speed of business environment is faster than the adjustment speed of enterprise A fine external cooperative mechanism has become one of the key factors of competitiveness ot enterprise.Two kinds of external coopertative mechanism of entetrprise property integration and virtual integration are deeply studied.The base design principle of external cooperative mechanism of enterprise is presented.
The antifilarial activity of a novel group of organic arsenicals upon Brugia pahangi

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Mel W is a second generation anionic organic arsenical which is filaricidal but has sporadic and unacceptable lethal side effects. Eight new cationic derivatives have now been synthesized in an attempt to avoid the side effects and have been examined for their effects upon adult Brugia pahangi in Meriones unguiculatus . They were all shown to be potent filaricides and the two best compounds, Mel Ga and Mel Cy, were at least 95% effective in killing adult B. pahangi at 5x3–13 mg/kg when injected subcutaneously .
Strain relaxation of InxGa1−xAs during lateral oxidation of underlying AlAs layers

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Strain relaxation of hypercritical thickness InxGa1−xAs layers has been observed during lateral oxidation of underlying AlAs layers. Strain relaxation of InxGa1−xAs layers was studied as a function of indium composition and the AlAs oxidation temperature. It is proposed that the enhanced strain relaxation is due to two factors. The first is enhanced motion of threading dislocations due to stresses generated during the lateral oxidation process. The second is the porous nature of the InxGa1−xAs/Al2O3 interface that minimizes the interaction of threading dislocations with existing misfit dislocation segments. The extent of strain relaxation increases with increasing oxidation temperature, whereas the efficiency of strain relaxation was found to decrease with increasing indium composition.
Learning Words from Experience

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

How does experience influence children’s acquisition of word meanings? In this chapter, the authors discuss the evidence from two bodies of literature that take different perspectives to answer this question. First, they review evidence from the “experience” literature, which has demonstrated that different experiential factors (e.g., differences in the quantity and quality of maternal speech) are related to individual differences in children’s early vocabularies. Although the results of the studies within this literature are interesting, the authors argue that they do not clarify how experience influences children’s vocabulary development. They posit that this question can best be answered by marrying the “experience” literature and the “cognitive” literature, which has identified the skills and knowledge that children possess that help them determine the meanings of words. The authors demonstrate how integrating both literatures will provide a valuable framework from which research can be designed and hypotheses tested. In doing so, their framework will provide a comprehensive understanding of how experience influences children’s lexical development.
Refractory Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn Responsive Only to Neuromuscular Blockade

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We discuss the case of a premature newborn boy presenting with severe persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) at 48 hours of life in the context of Staphylococcus aureus sepsis. PPHN was refractory to classical treatment (oxygen, control of acid basic balance, sedation, high frequency oscillation ventilation, inhaled nitric oxide and antibiotics). We observed an improvement only after administration of a curare. Despite much progress in the management of this entity, a clear and well defined therapy is still missing and especially when PPHN is refractory to classical treatment. The use of neuromuscular blockers in the treatment of this kind of PPHN has been described and some physiological explanations are likely. Neuromuscular blocking agents are rarely useful to treat PPHN since the introduction of iNO, nevertheless, it might still be a useful rescue therapy in some selected newborns with PPHN refractory to classical treatments. J Med Cases. 2013;4(5):288-291 doi: https://doi.org/10.4021/jmc1114w
Supplementary Tables S5 and S6 from A Novel RAF Kinase Inhibitor with DFG-Out–Binding Mode: High Efficacy in BRAF-Mutant Tumor Xenograft Models in the Absence of Normal Tissue Hyperproliferation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>Analysis of mouse tissues and exploratory toxicological assessment in rats revealed a favorable rodent safety profile for BI 882370.</p>
Pigmented neurofibrosarcoma mimicking a large haemangioma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Pigmented neurofibrosarcoma mimicking a large haemangioma Get access W. Jurecka W. Jurecka Department of Dermatology, University of Vienna, Alserstrasse 4, A‐1090 Vienna, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, Volume 16, Issue 6, 1 November 1991, Page 481, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.1991.tb01243.x Published: 01 November 1991
A Case of Septic Pulmonary Embolism with an Initial Diagnosis of Tuberculosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Septic pulmonary embolism (SPE) is a rare lung disease that typically occurs when a thrombus containing microorganisms from a nonpulmonary infection focus settles in the pulmonary arteries via the hematogenous route and causes infarction and infection. Nonspecific symptoms such as fever, cough, and chest pain are manifested. SPE is associated with predisposing conditions such as infective endocarditis, intravenous drug addiction, venous catheter, tonsillitis, and tooth and pelvis infections. It has high morbidity and mortality, and the most important point that determines the prognosis is early diagnosis and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy in the early phase. SPE should be considered when the primary focus of infection is accompanied by high fever and multiple nodules and/or cavitary lesions, which are signs of feeding vessels in the lungs. Here, we present a case of SPE with a hemodialysis catheter and clinical findings of sepsis, which was referred to our center with a preliminary diagnosis of tuberculosis.
The cognitive load effect in working memory: Refreshing the empirical landscape, removing outdated explanations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Maintaining information in working memory often competes with concurrent processing of other information. This is reflected in the cognitive load effect, referring to the observation that processing tasks with a higher cognitive load result in lower memory performance. The cognitive load effect has been shown on many occasions in complex span tasks, which combine maintenance of memory items with a processing demand interleaved in between the presentation of the memory items. Two models of working memory, the Time-Based ResourceSharing (TBRS) model, and the Serial Order in a Box – Complex Span (SOB-CS) model, offer competing explanations for the cognitive load effect. Both lead to the prediction that the cognitive load effect should also be found in the Brown-Peterson task, in which the processing demand is inserted after the presentation of all of the memory items. Across three experiments, we show this prediction to be wrong. In addition, we uncovered (1) that the duration of the processing episodes has no impact on the presence or absence of a cognitive load effect, and (2) that the duration of free time, a variable intimately tied to cognitive load manipulation, affects memory performance in the same way with and without a processing demand: Free time is beneficial for memory when inserted in between the presentation of the memory items, but not when added after the presentation of the entire memory set. These results imply that both current explanations of the cognitive load effect are wrong. We propose several alternatives to account for these results.
A REMARKABLE STRUCTURE AND CONNECTIONS ON THE TANGENT BUNDLE

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. The present paper deals with the conformal almost symplec-tic structure on TM. Starting from the notion of conformal almost sym-plectic structure in the tangent bundle, we define the notion of general conformal almost symplectic d-linear connection and respective conformal almost symplectic d-linear connection with respect to a conformal almost symplectic structure Â, corresponding to the 1-forms ω and ω ̃ in TM. We determine the set of all general conformal almost symplectic d-linear con-nections on TM, in the case when the nonlinear connection is arbitrary
The effect of different eggshell temperature patterns during incubation on broiler chicken behavior determined by an automatic tracking system

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In the last decades, it has been generally assumed that a continuous eggshelltemperature (EST) of 37.8ºC throughout incubation optimizes hatchability andhatchling quality. However, recent findings using broiler eggs suggest that a higherEST (38.9ºC) during the second week of incubation or a lower EST (36.7ºC) in the thirdweek of incubation may improve hatchling quality even further. The combination of ahigh and a low EST during incubation has not been investigated before. Furthermore,consequences of EST patterns during incubation on behaviour post hatching such asactivity and anxiety has also never been investigated to our knowledge. The aim of thisstudy was therefore to evaluate effects of EST patterns during incubation on behaviourpost hatching of broiler chickens using an automatic tracking system. Eggs of a Rossflock were incubated in a 2x2 experiment design with a high EST (38.9ºC) or normalEST (37.8ºC) in the second week of incubation and a low EST (36.7ºC) or normal EST(37.8ºC) in the third week of incubation. Post hatching, five males and five females werehoused in a 2 m2 pen with 8 replicates per EST treatment and reared until day 42 of age(n=320). At day 7 and 34 of age, an open field test was performed to evaluate anxiety bysocial isolation in a novel environment (n=128). At day 29 and 40 of age, activity of thebroilers was evaluated using TrackLab (Noldus, Wageningen, The Netherlands; n=64).Chickens of four pens were transported to a PhenoLab test room and placed in 2 m2pens. Measurements started after 15 minutes of acclimatization. The ultra-widebandtracking system TrackLab consisted of active tags that were placed in backpacks on2 males and 2 females per pen. The location of each bird was measured twice everysecond by triangulation of the received signal between four beacons that were placed inevery corner of the test room and was based on the time and the angle of arrival of thesignal. Data of the x,y location of the chickens was obtained by TrackLab and distancemoved (cm) and speed (m/s) from individual chickens of all four EST treatments werecalculated. Results of this study are currently processed and will be presented at the conference.
Macroeconomic policies in Brazil before and after the 2008 global financial crisis: Brazilian policy-makers still trapped in the New Macroeconomic Consensus guidelines

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract Even though the New Macroeconomic Consensus (NMC) guidelines have been under review by mainstream economists from developed countries since the 2008 global financial crisis, Brazilian policy-makers are still following these old recommendations. The NMC was adapted in Brazil in 1999 as a policy arrangement known as the macroeconomic tripod: a combination of inflation targeting, floating exchange rates and targets for the primary fiscal surplus. The theoretical basis of this policy arrangement is thus closely aligned to that of the NMC: a reduced (if any) role for fiscal policy and an exclusive focus on price stability for monetary policy. Particularly with respect to the experience of inflation targeting in Brazil, by implementing a vector autoregression model for the period 2000–17, we show that (i) inflation dynamics are mostly cost-push rather than demand-pull; (ii) inflation rates show low sensitivity to changes in interest rates; and (iii) the main variables negatively affected by an increase in the Brazilian policy rate are the nominal exchange rate (i.e. the Brazilian real tends to appreciate) and output growth. It follows that the macroeconomic tripod is unsuitable to the Brazilian economy, especially considering that, as it is also shown in this article, such arrangement has contributed to perpetuating trends of high real interest rates, domestic currency overvaluation and low economic growth in Brazil in the last two decades. The article ends calling for a new macroeconomic arrangement to reverse these adverse long-term trends.
Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Model of an Inflatable-Sphere Launching Vehicle under Simulated Conditions of Mach Number and Altitude

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An investigation has been conducted in the Langley 4- by 4-foot supersonic pressure tunnel to determine the aerodynamic characteristics in pitch of a two-stage-rocket model configuration which simulated the last two stages of the launching vehicle for an inflatable sphere. Tests were made through an angle-of-attack range from -6 deg to 18 deg at dynamic pressures of 102 and 255 pounds per square foot with corresponding Mach numbers of 1.89 and 1.98 for the model both with and without a bumper arrangement designed to protect the rocket casing from the outer shell of the vehicle.
Odontogenic tumors: analysis of 188 cases from Saudi Arabia

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Odontogenic tumors (OTs) represent an uncommon group of lesions that arise from the tooth-forming apparatus. They pose a significant diagnostic and management challenge. There is a lack of data among the Saudi population. The aim of the study was to establish the relative frequency of the various histological types of OTs. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: A retrospective study of 188 cases of OTs using the histopathology archives of the College of Dentistry, King Saud University. METHODS: The histopathology archives of the College of Dentistry, King Saud University were reviewed from January 1984 to December 2010 for OTs. The age and gender of the patients, tumor site, and histopathologic typing were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 188 (4.3%) patients met the criteria for being classified as an OT. Odontogenic keratocystic tumor (36.7%) was the most commonly diagnosed, followed by ameloblastoma (25.0%), odontoma (14.9%), and odontogenic myxoma (6.4%). Two cases of malignant OTs (1.1%) are found. The male-to-female ratio was 1.4:1. The most frequently affected area was the posterior mandible (48.9%), followed by the anterior maxilla (22.9%). CONCLUSION: This is a relatively large series of OTs revealing aspects of similarities and differences with those of previous studies of populations in Africa, Asia, and the Americas. The findings of the present study may be useful as a guide for clinicians who need to make clinical judgments prior to biopsy about the most probable diagnosis.
Numerical analysis of the fluid flow and heat transfer of a hybrid PV-thermal collector and performance assessment

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, new materials and absorber configurations have been proposed to improve the performance of hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PV-T) collectors. This work analyses the fluid flow and the energy performance of an uncovered water-based PV-T collector with a roll-bond thermal absorber. A detailed CFD model was developed and the results were compared with the experimental performance features provided by the PV-T manufacturer. The fluid flow results show uneven flow distribution among the roll-bond microchannels which leads to areas with larger PV cell temperatures and thus a lower electricity generation. The PV-T collector layers were also modelled using the energy transfer equations layer-by-layer. The model was run for several water inlet temperatures and water flow-rates to obtain the thermal performance curve. The results show that the electrical efficiency of the PV-T collector is 14.5–10.3% larger than for a PV-only system for water inlet temperatures of 20–30 °C, respectively. The developed CFD model reproduces accurately the thermal performance of the PV-T collector, with a maximum error of 6.5% for inlet water temperatures of 20–60 °C. Therefore, this model can be used with confidence to propose alternative designs that achieve a homogeneous temperature distribution in the PV layer and improve the overall PV-T collector performance.
Econometric link between Singapore and Malaysia.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This research explores the economic linkages between Malaysia and Singapore in view of the recent economic crisis. The objective is to build a Singapore macroeconomic model and investigate the after-effects of Malaysia’s 5 percent fall in GDP on Singapore’s GDP performance through a shock simulation test. This study aims to explore the impact of Malaysia’s GDP on the Singapore economy in terms of employment and consumption as well as investment and trade.
Political Resistance in Turkey: How Resistance Is Experienced and How It Has Changed Over the Last Decade

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter focuses on resistance practices in Turkey and how these practices have adapted and changed in response to repressive tactics from the Turkish government over the last ten years. Turkey is now classified as a competitive authoritarian regime, and has become less and less democratic as its authoritarianism has risen. In the past ten years, collective action in the context of this authoritarianism has also changed forms. We examine three cases from the last decade to describe this change: (1) the Gezi Park protests, (2) online campaigns around elections, and (3) the Academics for Peace petition and its aftermath. We discuss how repression leads to more varied, creative forms of resistance and how these may continue despite further punitive measures.
The partition property for certain extendible measures on supercompact cardinals

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We give an alternate characterization of a combinatorial property of measures on ${p_\kappa }\lambda$ introduced by Menas. We use this characterization to prove that if $\kappa$ is supercompact, then all measures on ${p_\kappa }\lambda$ in a certain class have the partition property. This result is applied to obtain a self-contained proof that if $\kappa$ is supercompact and $\lambda$ is the least measurable cardinal greater than $\kappa$, then Solovayâs "glue-together" measures on ${p_\kappa }\lambda$ are not ${2^\lambda }$-extendible.
Digital Innovation and Entrepreneurship: The Challenges of an Ecosystem Perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Increasingly, firms embark on digital journeys that involve changing business models, strategies, and processes that straddle industries and geographies, and create complex ecosystems. In this symposium, panelists debate the advantages and disadvantages of using an ecosystem perspective for digital innovation and entrepreneurship research. Ecosystem and organization field concepts are compared and contrasted. Panelists examine conceptual issues, research method challenges, data analysis opportunities, and practitioner perspectives in socio-digital research.
Fibromuscular Dysplasia of the Coronary Arteries: An Infrequent Cause of Sudden Death

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is defined as a sudden and unexpected death secondary to a cardiovascular cause. In many cases, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) maneuvers can achieve recovery of the patient, which is then called resuscitated SCD. We present the case of an adolescent with resuscitated SCD, who finally died of refractory cardiogenic shock, secondary to fibromuscular dysplasia of the coronary arteries.
Consumer Risk Response and Consumer Protection: An Economic Analysis of Seat Belt Usage

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

A utility analysis of decisions involving risk indicated that risk averse consumers would undertake a risk reduction strategy as long as the change in expected loss was equal to or greater than the costs of the strategy. Cost‐benefit analysis of seat belt usage was conducted to test this hypothesis. The results indicated that drivers of all size classes would gain from using seat belts in the case of low user costs while the drivers of subcompacts and compacts would gain in the case of higher user costs. However, less than one‐fifth of drivers wear seat belts. These results raise questions concerning the effectiveness of the informed buyer approach in areas of risk or uncertainty.
Cortical responses to invisible objects in human dorsal and ventral pathways

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

It is long believed that the human visual system comprises two main pathways, a ventral pathway that explicitly represents perceptual experience and a dorsal pathway that can process visual information and guide action without accompanying conscious knowledge. Evidence for this theory has primarily come from studies of neurological patients and animals. Here, we used functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to measure cortical responses to invisible objects in human dorsal and ventral object-selective areas. When low-contrast stationary images of objects are presented to the non-dominant eye and high-contrast and dynamic noise to the dominant eye intermittently, object images can be suppressed from consciousness for minutes. We found that in normal human subjects, even when they were completely unaware of the nature of visual input due to interocular suppression, dorsal cortical areas, but not ventral cortical areas, showed significant activities for different types of visual objects, with stronger responses to man-made tools than human faces. This pattern of results supports the distinct functional role of the dorsal and the ventral streams. The results also suggest that in binocular rivalry, substantial information in the suppressed eye can escape the interocular suppression, possibly traveling through the sub-cortical pathways that feed directly to the dorsal cortical regions, or through the Magnocellular pathway that is believed to be less susceptible to inter-ocular suppression.
Possible mechanistic insights into iron homeostasis role of the action of 4-aminoquinolines (chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine) on COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This study aims to show the functional role of CQ and HCQ, as well as to provide possible mechanistic insight on the role of iron on viral infection, iron starvation and its downstream cellular pathways involving hepcidin and proinflammatory cytokines. The overall aim of providing possible mode of action of CQ and HCQ in the management of COVID-19 infection is exhibited via its anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic activities.