jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Genetic Architecture of Ethanol-Responsive Transcriptome Variation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Natural variation in gene expression is pervasive within and between species, and it likely explains a significant fraction of phenotypic variation between individuals. Phenotypic variation in acute systemic responses can also be leveraged to reveal physiological differences in how individuals perceive and respond to environmental perturbations. We previously found extensive variation in the transcriptomic response to acute ethanol exposure in two wild isolates and a common laboratory strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Many expression differences persisted across several modules of coregulated genes, implicating trans-acting systemic differences in ethanol sensing and/or response. Here, we conducted expression QTL mapping of the ethanol response in two strain crosses to identify the genetic basis for these differences. To understand systemic differences, we focused on “hotspot” loci that affect many transcripts in trans. Candidate causal regulators contained within hotspots implicate upstream regulators as well as downstream effectors of the ethanol response. Overlap in hotspot targets revealed additive genetic effects of trans-acting loci as well as “epi-hotspots,” in which epistatic interactions between two loci affected the same suites of downstream targets. One epi-hotspot implicated interactions between Mkt1p and proteins linked to translational regulation, prompting us to show that Mkt1p localizes to P bodies upon ethanol stress in a strain-specific manner. Our results provide a glimpse into the genetic architecture underlying natural variation in a stress response and present new details on how yeast respond to ethanol stress.
Refinements in Technique Imperative for Successful Transurethral Prostatectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Apr 1941Refinements in Technique Imperative for Successful Transurethral Prostatectomy1 Otto J. Wilhelmi Otto J. WilhelmiOtto J. Wilhelmi View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)71090-7AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1941 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byHayward W (2018) Additional Uses for Tidal DrainageJournal of Urology, VOL. 46, NO. 4, (793-796), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1941. Volume 45Issue 4April 1941Page: 612-621 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1941 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Otto J. Wilhelmi More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Effects of dietary supplementation of potential probioticBacillus subtilisVSG1 singularly or in combination withLactobacillus plantarumVSG3 or/andPseudomonas aeruginosaVSG2 on the growth, immunity and disease resistance ofLabeo rohita

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Labeo rohita fingerlings were fed for 60 days with basal diet (BD) or one of the following experimental diets: DI (BD + B. subtilis); DII (BD + B. subtilis + L. plantarum); DIII (BD + B. subtilis + P. aeruginosa) and DIV (BD + B. subtilis + P. aeruginosa + L. plantarum). Various growth and immune parameters were examined at 30 and 60 days postfeeding. The fish group fed DIV diet had better improvement (P < 0.05) in weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) than the control and other treatment groups. The serum lysozyme activities, alternative complement pathway activity, phagocytic activity and respiratory burst activity in head kidney macrophages of L. rohita increased significantly in the experimental groups throughout the trial period. Superoxide dismutase increased significantly in the experimental groups, except DI fed group, after 60 days of feeding. A significant improvement in serum IgM level was observed in the treatment groups at 30 days of feeding only. Further, fish fed the DIV diet had highest (P < 0.05) postchallenge survival rate (86.6%), followed by DII (73.3%) and DIII (66.6%) against A. hydrophila infection. Considering these promising results, we suggest that a multi-species probiotic supplementation in equal proportions for 60 days can effectively improve growth and immunity of L. rohita.
693. Regression of Established Subcutaneous B16 Melanoma Tumors after Intratumoral Delivery of a IL-15 Expressing Plasmid Followed by In Vivo Electroporation

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Melanoma is a major cancer due to metastasis; however, its initial cutaneous presentation makes it amenable to therapy. In vivo electroporation (E) has been used recently to efficaciously deliver conventional drugs and therapeutic genes to tumors, including melanomas. This study reports on the intratumoral (IT) delivery of DNA plasmids expressing interleukin-15 (IL-15), i.e. pIL-15, to established subcutaneous B16 melanoma tumors in C57BL6 mice. The IL-15 expression plasmid used was optimized for expression and was 80 fold more efficient than standard pcDNA3 based plasmids. IL-15 has been shown to have a pivotal role in the function of memory CD8 T cells and natural killer cells, both of which are critical for tumor immunosurveillance in vivo. In this study, female C57BL6 mice were injected, subcutaneously in the flank, with 1 million B16F10 melanoma cells. Approximately 7 days later, when tumor volumes were approximately 40 cu mm (day 0), mice (n=8/group) were randomized into different groups: untreated (V-P-E-) or treated with 50micrograms of pIL-15 (P) or backbone plasmid (V) with or without E (E+-/E-) (E conditions = 6 pulses 100microsecs 1500 V/cm). Subsequent treatments of the groups were made on days 4 and 7 and tumor volumes and survival among the groups were measured after the treatment regimen. Results at day 35-post treatment showed 0, 25 and 71% complete tumor regression in the V+-E+-, P+-E- and P+-E+- groups respectively. Likewise, at day 35 mice survival for the V+-E+-, P+-E-, P+-E+- and V-P-E- groups were 25, 50, 100 and 0% respectively. In addition, tumor growth, as measured by tumor volume, in mice without complete tumor regression was considerably less in the P+-E+- group (177 cu mm) when compared to the P+-E- (518 cu mm) and V+-E+-(1175 cu mm) groups. In addition, IL-15 expression in tumor lysates was considerably higher (7.5 fold) in the P+-E+- treated animals (21.6 pg/mg tumor) compared to the P+-E- group (2.9pg/mg tumor) demonstrating the efficacy of E+- to significantly enhance the expression of pIL-15 and potentially mediate an enhanced therapeutic effect. These results demonstrate the ability of an IL-15 expressing DNA plasmid to mediate an increase in complete regression of established subcutaneous B16 melanoma tumors when delivered intratumorally along with E. This is the first description of the ability of an IL-15 expressing DNA plasmid to alone mediate complete regression in this tumor type. These results are relevant since B16F10 tumors are characteristically difficult to treat and cure and underscores the potential clinical use of IL-15 for the treatment of malignant tumors when delivered with in vivo E. Mechanistic studies on the effects of the treatments reported here are being pursued and are centering on the previously established role of IL-15 in CD8+- T cell and natural killer cell activity.
Unsupervised Video Summarization via Relation-Aware Assignment Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We address the problem of unsupervised video summarization that automatically selects key video clips. Most state-of-the-art approaches suffer from two issues: (1) they model video clips without explicitly exploiting their relations, and (2) they learn soft importance scores over all the video clips to generate the summary representation. However, a meaningful video summary should be inferred by taking the relation-aware context of the original video into consideration, and directly selecting a subset of clips with a hard assignment. In this paper, we propose to exploit clip-clip relations to learn relation-aware hard assignments for selecting key clips in an unsupervised manner. First, we consider the clips as graph nodes to construct an assignment-learning graph. Then, we utilize the magnitude of the node features to generate hard assignments as the summary selection. Finally, we optimize the whole framework via a proposed multi-task loss including a reconstruction constraint, and a contrastive constraint. Extensive experimental results on three popular benchmarks demonstrate the favourable performance of our approach.
Effects of exercise on psychosocial outcomes in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an intense treatment to cure patients from leukemia or lymphoma. Prior, during, and after the transplantation procedure patients experience considerable physical, psychological and psychosocial distress. In light of the increasing number of successfully treated patients the need is growing for evidence-based adjuvant therapy options, which reduce treatment-related side effects and enhance the rehabilitation process. Due to its multidimensional effectiveness physical exercise might be a suitable intervention to counteract with HSCT-related side-effects. Twenty-nine publications could be detected within a systematic literature search. The studies suggest that exercise training is an important therapeutic approach in the supportive care for HSCT patients. Significant benefits from the exercise interventions have been reported for physical performance and psychosocial parameter like quality of life (QoL), fatigue status and distress. Several other benefits, such as a more rapid immune recovery or alleviation of therapy- related side effects have been reported in some studies. Future studies should address existing methodological problems, identify further effect levels of physical exercise therapy and integrate a long-term perspective for the participants in the context of HSCT.
AKTIVITAS SITOTOKSIK EKSTRAK KARANG LUNAK Xenia sp. DARI TELUK MANADO, PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Bioactive compounds from the sea which are generally in the form of secondary metabolites have the potential to be developed as medicinal ingredients. Marine life can be used as an object of research and development, considering the many benefits that can be taken from the secondary metabolite compounds contained in it, especially compounds that have bioactivity. Soft corals are marine biota that have bioactivity, extracts from sost coral contain bioactive compounds that have cytotoxic, anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, anti-leukemic, and enzyme activity inhibitory properties. Some of the research results show that marine soft corals have a variety of structures and biological activities including antioxidant substances. Soft corals were extracted by maceration method and then evaporated. The cytotoxic activity of soft coral extract was tested using the BLSA method and then analyzed the data to find the concentration of mortality (LC50). The purpose of this study was to test the cytotoxic activity of soft coral Xenia sp. The results of this study were testing the cytotoxic activity of the sample Xenia sp., amounting to 20.89 ppm, and having strong toxic properties. Key words: BLSA, Soft coral Xenia sp., LC50, Cytotoxic
PERBANDINGAN HUKUM INDONESIA DAN AMERIKA SERIKAT TERKAIT INSIDER TRADING (KASUS DAVID BLASZCZACK)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The capital market is an important instrument and benchmark for the economic development of a country. The Law labor copyright act is a new breakthrough for the Indonesian reform system where on October 5, 2020, the decree for Law No. 11 of 2020 was passed on labor copyright. Purpose of the creation of this Law is for adjustment associated with increased investment, ease and acceleration of the national strategic project. So that copyright Law can be used as a tool for monitoring trading volume activity in order to avoid crime in the capital market. In the capital market can also give birth to several crimes, one of which is insider trading insider trading. Insider trading is a form of crime that can only be committed by certain people who are in the organization of the company. One example of insider trading crimes in the United States can be seen from the case of United States V. Blaszczak: Second Circuit Ruling Heightens Risks of Insider Trading Investigations and Prosecutions. So the problem formulation in this study is: 1) How does the approach of disclose or abstain theory, fiduciary duty theory and misappropriation of theory tradition of common low relate to insider trading in the case of David Blaszczack ?, 2) How does insider trading compare in Indonesia and the Common Low especially the United States? \nThis study uses research methods that are descriptive analytically comparative with a comparative juridical analytical approach. The legal resources used in this study are Law No. 8 of 1995 on Capital Market, Law No. 21 of 2011 on Financial Services Authority, Law No. 40 of 2007 on Limited Liability Companies and secondary materials obtained from books, publication manuscripts, journals, other scientific works. The legal material is reviewed and analyzed then the results are descriptive. While the theories used in this study are disclose or abstain theory, fiduciary duty theory and misappropriation theory. \nThe results of this study show that: (1) Terleplace on the differentiation of provisions in insider trading between Indonesia and the United States lies in the use of misappropriation theory. However, the fundamental differences in the provisions in the United States that adhere to misappropriation theory reach more broadly about how the information is obtained, while the Indonesian system contained in the Capital Market Law only bases that the information obtained by the parties actively.
Share repurchase announcements : an analysis of price movements of owner managed and non-owner managed companies.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This report attempts to find out if investors’ perception of the credibility of share repurchase announcements is influenced by whether the stewards of the companies are also the owners. The findings, based on research done on U.S. listed companies, seem to suggest that there is a correlation between upward share price movement and the ownership structures of repurchasing companies.
Development of radical awareness at initial learning stage in L2 Chinese: stronger vs. weaker learners of Chinese characters

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Radical awareness (i.e. the ability to identify, analyze, and manipulate radicals within compound characters) plays an important role in character reading and learning for first language and second language (L2) learners of Chinese. Previous studies have shown that radical awareness contributes to character recognition, inference, and comprehension. However, it is unclear how elementary-level L2 Chinese learners develop radical awareness over a relatively long period, particularly for the potential differences between stronger and weaker learners of Chinese characters. To fill the gap, this study investigated 45 beginning-level L2 Chinese participants during a 16-week semester at an American university. They completed a radical identification task, a radical analysis task, and a radical manipulation task in Week 4, Week 9, and Week 15; and a character knowledge task and a vocabulary knowledge task in Week 15. The results showed that learners who were stronger and weaker at reading characters had similar developmental patterns of radical identification, but different developmental patterns of radical analysis and manipulation. Furthermore, each sub-ability of radical awareness of the stronger learners improved faster than those of the weaker learners after Week 4.
Association between eruption state of the third molar and the occurrence of mandibular angle fractures

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background/Aim Fractures of the mandible, especially the mandibular angle, are one of the most frequent types of injuries of the facial skeleton. In many cases, a retained third molar can be found in the line of the fracture. However, it remains unclear whether a relationship between third molars and mandibular angle fractures exists. Materials and Methods Patients with isolated or combined fractures of the lower jaw between January 2001 and December 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Electronic health records were investigated regarding the types of mandibular fractures, and panoramic radiographs were reviewed concerning the existence of third molars. In addition, a systematic review was performed to compare the findings of this study with existing data. Results Six hundred and thirty‐two patients were treated for mandibular fractures within the time frame. Two hundred and sixty‐seven had a mandibular angle fracture. In 461 patients, panoramic radiographs were available, of which 45.6% did not have a third molar. About 3.8% were edentulous. There is a significant relationship between the existence of unerupted third molars and the occurrence of mandibular angle fractures ( P < 0.001). No correlation exists for erupted third molars. Conclusions Fractures of the mandibular angle are more likely to appear in patients with retained third molars which might be due to the reduced bone mass. Once the wisdom teeth have erupted, the bone structure is more solid and more resistant to external forces and the development of fractures.
Hedonic Pricing of Atlantic Cod: Effects of Size, Freshness, and Gear

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) has been culturally important in the northeast United States (US) for hundreds of years. This research estimates a hedonic model of cod prices in the Northeast US from 2005-2011. While large fish typically receive premium prices, the largest cod receive prices that are approximately $0.20 per pound lower than fish in the next largest market category. A moderate premium for freshness is found: cod caught on trips that last four days receive $0.04 less per pound than fish that is caught on shorter trips. This discount rises to nearly $0.15 per pound for trips lasting 10 days or longer. A similar discount exists for fish that are stored for two or more days after landing. The premia estimated by the hedonic price model are quite different from the group mean premia, suggesting that bioeconomic models that incorporate price heterogeneity should consider more sophisticated price models.
Monitoring of marine environment during bridge construction – Pelješac bridge case study

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The construction of the Pelješac bridge has been one of the most significant infrastructural endeavours in Croatia in the last several decades. Due to the type of the project, according to the EU and the national legislation it was subject to environmental impact assessment, which provided a framework for the environmental monitoring plan. To fulfil the requirements related to the monitoring of the marine environment the unique monitoring system was set up consisting of three modules: (i) two autonomous measurement buoys providing continuous near-real time data on water quality and meteorology with alarm function; (ii) measurements of water quality parameters in broader project area every two weeks; and (iii) monitoring of biological parameters. The measurements on buoys included water quality parameters on surface and 4 depths. The measurements on 8 stations in broader project area were performed by a multiparametric probe for measurements of water quality parameters on surface and at every 5 m depth up to the bottom, as well as measurements of optical characteristic of water. Monitoring of biological parameters included analyses of composition of the phytoplankton community, macroalgae (CARLIT method), Posidonia oceanica (POMI index) and benthic invertebrates, including invasive species.
On the boundedness of the sectional curvature of almost Hermitian manifolds

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We prove the following results: An almost Hermitian manifold of indefinite metric is of pointwise constant holomorphic sectional curvature if the holomorphic sectional curvature is bounded from above and from below. If the antiholomorphic sectional curvature is bounded either from above or from below, then the manifold is of pointwise constant antiholomorphic sectional curvature. Similar results are obtained for almost Hermitian manifolds of definite metric.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE INTERACTION OF CATHINONE WITH CAFFEINE ON LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY IN THE RAT

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Leaves of Khat (Catha edulis Forsk) contain the β‐keto‐amphetamine cathinone that has MDMA‐like actions (Kalix, 1990). The actions of cathinone are largely indirect by release of monoamines to act both centrally and peripherally (Alsufyani & Docherty, 2015). Gender differences occur in the use and effects of stimulants, including Khat, in humans, but in basic research, female animal models have been rarely studied. We have investigated gender differences in the effects of cathinone (the major stimulant from Khat) and the interaction with caffeine on locomotor activity in Wistar rats. Indeed, Khat users often combine coffee with the stimulant. Animals were implanted with telemetry probes under isoflurane anaesthesia, and 7 days later, locomotor activity was recorded in conscious unrestrained animals. Following an equilibration period, sampling was commenced and at 5 min, caffeine (10 mg/kg) or vehicle, and 30 min later, cathinone (5 mg/kg) or vehicle were injected subcutaneously in male and female rats. Recording continued for a further 240 min. Time course of effects was investigated at 5 min intervals. Caffeine alone produced only small increases in total locomotor activity, but even these small effects were significantly greater in female rats (one way Anova of total activity over the whole sampling period, P<0.05). Cathinone produced significant and marked increases in locomotor activity, beginning soon after injection, and the response to cathinone was significantly greater in female animals (two way Anova of time course of effect, P<0.05). The combination of caffeine and cathinone causes a transient potentiation, followed by a prolonged inhibition, of the locomotor response to cathinone. Hence, the peak response to injection of cathinone was significantly increased, but for much of the next 120 min, the response to cathinone was significantly reduced by the presence of caffeine, especially in female rats. In conclusion, cathinone causes greater increases in locomotor activity in female than in male rats, but although the acute effects of cathinone are potentiated by caffeine, the maintained effects of cathinone on locomotor activity are, perhaps surprisingly, reduced by caffeine in both male and female rats. These differences highlight the need to carry out gender studies of the actions and interactions of stimulants in basic studies. Alsufyani HA, Docherty JR (2015). Eur J Pharmacol 758: 142–146 Kalix P (1990) Pharmacol Ther, 48:397–416. Support or Funding Information HAA is funded by a scholarship from the Saudi Government Ministry of Higher Education, KAU.