jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Análisis de la influencia de la cultura organizacional en la ética contable

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study critically examines the influence of organizational culture on accounting ethics through a systematic literature review of empirical and theoretical research published in the last two decades. The methodology was based on the rigorous selection of literature indexed in high quality databases, the identification of thematic categories and the comparative analysis of findings. The results highlight that the predominance of financial objectives over ethical values is a decisive factor that favors the rationalization of improper practices, accounting manipulation and the deliberate omission of relevant information. It was also identified that consistency between stated values and actual practices, visible ethical leadership, and the existence of clear policies and continuous training programs are decisive elements in strengthening professional responsibility and encouraging whistleblowing. The study concludes that organizational culture operates as a structural component that significantly conditions the moral quality of accounting decisions. The synergistic articulation of coherent leadership, explicit norms and ethics education is proposed as an indispensable integral strategy to consolidate environments of transparency that reinforce public trust and guarantee the sustainability of accounting practice.
LHD NB2arm #195252.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The neutral beam (NB) shine-through profile is routinely monitored on the Large Helical Device (LHD) both to calibrate the port-through power of the NB and to evaluate the NB-deposition power to LHD plasmas. The profile is measured with a calorimeter (CM) array on an armor plate of the NB counter wall inside the LHD vacuum vessel.
GPU-accelerated FREDopt package for simultaneous dose and LETd proton radiotherapy plan optimization via superiorization methods.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This study presents FREDopt, a newly developed GPU-accelerated open-source optimization software for simultaneous proton dose and dose-averaged LET (LETd) optimization in IMPT treatment planning. FREDopt was implemented entirely in Python, leveraging CuPy for GPU acceleration and incorporating fast Monte Carlo (MC) simulations from the FRED code. The treatment plan optimization workflow includes pre-optimization and optimization, the latter equipped with a novel superiorization of feasibility-seeking algorithms. Feasibility-seeking requires finding a point that satisfies prescribed constraints. Superiorization interlaces computational perturbations into iterative feasibility-seeking steps to steer them toward a superior feasible point, replacing the need for costly full-fledged constrained optimization. The method was validated on two treatment plans of patients treated in a clinical proton therapy center, with dose and LETd distributions compared before and after reoptimization. Simultaneous dose and LETd optimization using FREDopt led to a substantial reduction of LETd and (dose)×(LETd) in organs at risk (OARs) while preserving target dose conformity. Computational performance evaluation showed execution times of 14-50 minutes, depending on the algorithm and target volume size-satisfactory for clinical and research applications while enabling further development of the well-tested, documented open-source software.
“Cinema Grande” and the Rhetoric of Illusion in Uyurkulak'sHar

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article traces the patterns of irony and the carnivalesque in Murat Uyurkulak's fantastic fiction Har , focusing especially on the depiction of a group of misfits, yamuklar (the crooked), as portrayed in the central chapter, “Cinema Grande.” Arguing that a reconfigured carnival spirit finds its way into Uyurkulak's novel, the article explores from a Bakhtinian perspective the ways in which the author offers a modern version of popular festive elements, especially the jester or the fool who signifies the symbolic destruction of authority and resistance to the mechanisms of power. The employment of the carnivalesque enables the author not only to speak of what is essentially unspeakable, but also to displace the illusion of progress fabricated by authority. This turns out to be possible only through artistic illusion. By focusing on the portrayal of the outcasts in Cinema Grande, this article also draws attention to the different representations of madness in Atay's “disconnected” and Uyurkulak's “crooked.”
Behaviour of egg-laying virgin and mated queen honey bees (ApismelliferaL.) and the composition of brood in their colonies

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARYVirgin and mated cordovan queen honey bees (Apis mellifera) were introduced into two-frame colonies containing workers that were not related to the queens. The percentage of times that queens laid eggs after assuming an egg-laying position was lower for virgin queens than for mated queens. In most instances, mated queens laid more eggs per observation interval than virgin queens. Virgin queens were accepted and cared for by workers as were mated queens, and all virgin queens survived in the colonies. Colonies headed by virgin queens produced 0–58.1 % of their brood from the eggs of laying workers, while colonies headed by mated queens did not produce any laying worker brood. Ovarian development was completely suppressed in colonies headed by mated queens. Although only early stage ovarian development was observed in workers sampled from colonies headed by virgin queens, from the composition of the brood it was deduced that some workers must have had completely developed ovaries and were laying eggs.
Obstacles to Reducing AIDS among African Americans

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The major obstacles to sustaining mobilization efforts are objective conditions, attitudes toward sexuality, perceptions of substance abuse and HIV/AIDS, and conflicting policy views. Organizational responses to the epidemic occur within circumstances ofperceived oppression, neglect, competing and conflicting agendas, and religious conservatism. Suspicion, often dismissed by public health officials and community-based outreach workers, neutralizes programmatic activities. Popular reactionsfocus on debates about conspiracy theories, fear of racist stigmatization, anda pervasive sense that only marginal groups are affected. Ambivalence hampers prevention and treatment. Public health education is still not sufficiently penetrating African American neighborhoods. Efforts have not been systematic or continous. Many are top-down actions organized by professional elites aimed at their constituencies rather than neighborhoods. Addicts and their sex partners have not been sufficiently empowered or persuaded in large numbers to change their vulnerable actions. Unfortunately the crisis has not waned.
Analisis Produksi dan Pendapatan Petani Karet di Kabupaten Bungo

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of rubber farmers, to determine and analyze revenue and profit rubber production in the sample, to determine and analyze the level of income inequality rubber farmers of the people in the sample, and to identify and analyze the factors that affect smallholder rubber production in the sample. Based on these results suggested to the government should work closely with farmers in encouraging the opening of degraded land through various cooperation for optimal land use, because the land proved to have a significant influence on people's rubber production in Bungo.
Does Earth’s Atmosphere Precess?

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Earth and Space Science Open Archive This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. ESSOAr is a venue for early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be preliminary.Learn more about preprints preprintOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Does Earth’s Atmosphere Precess?Authors Richard Hester iDSee all authors Richard HesteriDCorresponding AuthorCESGRiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4892-3835view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address
Optimal sizing of iliac vein stents

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Iliac vein stenting has emerged as a therapeutic option in chronic venous disease. The optimal stent size is unknown but should match normal caliber at a minimum. Methods Teleology: The iliac-femoral outflow caliber was measured by Duplex in healthy volunteers to determine normal caliber. Patient IVUS data: The distribution curve of IVUS planimetry data in 345 chronic venous disease limbs was analyzed: values at the right tail end of the curve should approach normal values according to distribution theory. The optimal stent size was also projected using Poiseuille equation and Young’s scaling rule. Results The optimal stent sizes in the common iliac, external iliac, and common femoral vein segments are: 16, 14, and 12 mm diameters, respectively. Conclusion Stent correction of iliac vein stenosis should aim to restore the lumen to the minimum recommended caliber during the initial procedure and later re-interventions.
Purification and characterization of Clostridium sordellii toxins HT and LT and comparison to toxins A and B of Clostridium difficile

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Clostridium sordellii cause gas gangrene in man and animals, and more recently it has been implicated as a causal agent of diarrhea and enterotoxemia in domestic animals. This organism was once believed to cause pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) in humans, however, Clostridium difficile, not C. sordellii, was found to be the causative agent of this disease. It is now known that C. difficile produces two toxins, designated A and B, that are implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease. C. sordellii produces two toxins, designated HT (Hemorrhagic Toxin) and LT (Lethal Toxin), that are similar to toxins A and B of C. difficile. The goal of my research was to purify and characterize the two toxins of C. sordellii, and compare their properties to those of C. difficile. Toxin HT was purified from C. sordellii (VPI strain 9048) culture filtrate by ultrafiltration through an XM-100 membrane filter and immunoaffinity chromatography using a monoclonal antibody to toxin A of C. difficile as the ligand. Toxin LT was purified to 80% homogeneity by ultrafiltration on an XM-100 membrane filter and ion-exchange chromatography. Toxin HT migrated as a major band with molecular weight of 525,000 and a minor band at 450,000 on non-denaturing PAGE. By SDS-PAGE the molecular weight was estimated at 300,000. Isoelectric focusing indicated a pI of 6.1. Like toxin A, toxin HT was cytotoxic to cultured cells, lethal for mice, and elicited an accumulation of hemorrhagic fluid in rabbit ileal loops. Toxin LT exhibited properties similar to toxin B, although LT was about a 1000-fold less cytotoxic than toxin B. By SDS-PAGE the molecular weight was estimated at 260,000. Immunodiffusion analysis revealed a reaction of partial identity between these toxins and their amino-terminal sequences were very similar. \n\nToxins HT and LT of C. sordellii have retained remarkable immunological similarities as well as physicochemical and biological properties with toxins A and B of Q. difficult however the toxins are not identical.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Colloquium paper: how many tree species are there in the Amazon and how many of them will go extinct?

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

New roads, agricultural projects, logging, and mining are claiming an ever greater area of once-pristine Amazonian forest. The Millennium Ecosystems Assessment (MA) forecasts the extinction of a large fraction of Amazonian tree species based on projected loss of forest cover over the next several decades. How accurate are these estimates of extinction rates? We use neutral theory to estimate the number, relative abundance, and range size of tree species in the Amazon metacommunity and estimate likely tree-species extinctions under published optimistic and nonoptimistic Amazon scenarios. We estimate that the Brazilian portion of the Amazon Basin has (or had) 11,210 tree species that reach sizes >10 cm DBH (stem diameter at breast height). Of these, 3,248 species have population sizes >1 million individuals, and, ignoring possible climate-change effects, almost all of these common species persist under both optimistic and nonoptimistic scenarios. At the rare end of the abundance spectrum, however, neutral theory predicts the existence of approximately 5,308 species with < 10,000 individuals each that are expected to suffer nearly a 50% extinction rate under the nonoptimistic deforestation scenario and an approximately 37% loss rate even under the optimistic scenario. Most of these species have small range sizes and are highly vulnerable to local habitat loss. In ensembles of 100 stochastic simulations, we found mean total extinction rates of 20% and 33% of tree species in the Brazilian Amazon under the optimistic and nonoptimistic scenarios, respectively. PMID: 18695228
Exploring Language as a Tool of Empowerment

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores the relationship between language, identity, and activism in campus movements. It examines how language is used to construct and negotiate identity within activist communities and intersects with gender, sexuality, ethnicity, and other marginalised identities. By analysing activists' linguistic strategies, the chapter shows how language can be a powerful tool for resistance, inclusion, and social change. The research draws on empirical evidence from various disciplines, including sociolinguistics, critical discourse analysis, and social justice studies, to offer insights into how activists strategically use language to challenge dominant discourses and ideologies. It looks at how language can be used to transform activist movements, including reclaiming derogatory language, promoting inclusive terminology, and using language to dismantle oppressive systems and narratives. It offers valuable insights for promoting inclusivity, empowerment, and resistance within activist communities, thereby enriching our understanding of the role of language.
Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. 5.Eleutherodactylus coqui, the Coqui Frog (Anura: Leptodactylidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The nocturnal, terrestrial frog Eleutherodactylus coqui, known as the Coqui, is endemic to Puerto Rico and was accidentally introduced to Hawai‘i via nursery plants in the late 1980s. Over the past two decades E. coqui has spread to the four main Hawaiian Islands, and a major campaign was launched to eliminate and control it. One of the primary reasons this frog has received attention is its loud mating call (85–90 dB at 0.5 m). Many homeowners do not want the frogs on their property, and their presence has influenced housing prices. In addition, E. coqui has indirectly impacted the floriculture industry because customers are reticent to purchase products potentially infested with frogs. Eleutherodactylus coqui attains extremely high densities in Hawai‘i, up to 91,000 frogs ha, and can reproduce year-round, once every 1–2 months, and become reproductive around 8–9 months. Although the Coqui has been hypothesized to potentially compete with native insectivores, the most obvious potential ecological impact of the invasion is predation on invertebrate populations and disruption of associated ecosystem processes. Multiple forms of control have been attempted in Hawai‘i with varying success. The most successful control available at this time is citric acid. Currently, the frog is established throughout the island of Hawai‘i but may soon be eliminated on the other Hawaiian Islands via control efforts. Eradication is deemed no longer possible on the island of Hawai‘i.
Lactation curves of Holstein-Friesian and Jersey cows in Zimbabwe

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Mean daily milk yield for 478 Holstein-Friesian cows from two herds, recorded between 1984-1985, and for 218 Jersey cows from two herds, recorded between 1984-1985, were used to estimate lactation curve parameters for Wood's gamma function: Y n = A n b e -cn . Y n is the predicted average daily milk yield in the n th week; A is a scalar representing 'starting yield'; and e is the base of natural logarithm. The values of b and c (lactation curve constants describing the rates of rise to and decline from peak lactation, respectively), lactation persistency (s), goodness of fit (R 2 ) and projected 44 week milk yield were estimated. The analysis of variance indicated significant effects ( P 0,05) in the Holstein-Friesian. The use of monthly or weekly milk yield totals to calculate mean daily yield had highly significant effects ( P O,05) by die Holstein-Fries nie. Die gebruik van maandelikse of weeklikse melkproduksie totale om gemiddelde daaglikse produksie te bereken, het hoogs betekenisvolle effekte ( P <0,01) op die laktasiekurwe parameters van die Jersey gehad. Keywords : Milk production, lactation curves, Holstein-Friesian, Jersey.
Supplemental Oxygen after Ambulatory Surgical Procedures

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to determine the need for supplemental oxygen during recovery from general anesthesia for ambulatory surgery in healthy women without obesity or respiratory disease. Arterial oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry (Spo2) was monitored throughout the first postoperative hour in 164 patients. The patients breathed room air during recovery. Supplemental oxygen was given only to those who became hypoxemic (Spo2 ≥ 92%). It was discontinued at the end of 15 minutes and reinstituted for another 15 minutes if hypoxemia recurred. Twelve patients (7%) became hypoxemic and required supplemental oxygen for various periods of time up to 105 minutes. The need for supplemental oxygen increased with increasing age (P < 0.05) but was not associated with a history of cigarette smoking, tracheal intubation, amount of opioids or sedatives given intraoperatively, anesthetic duration, or level of consciousness during recovery. Hypoxemia was neither predictable nor clinically apparent. We recommend that, unless arterial oxygenation is monitored, ambulatory patients should routinely receive supplemental oxygen during recovery from general anesthesia.
A 3D Coordination Network Built from CuII4Cl3(H2O)2 Linear Clusters and Tetrapyridyl Tetrahedral Silane Ligands: Reversible Iodine Uptake and Friedel–Crafts Alkylation Reactions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A novel three-dimensional coordination network 1 in a new 4,5,6-connected topology (4,5,6T115) built from linear CuII4Cl3(H2O)2 clusters and tetrahedral tetrakis(3-pyridyl)vinylsilane ligands is reported. Utilizing a similar tetrahedral ligand, tetrakis(3-pyridyl)ethylsilane, a different framework 2 having CuII2Cl(H2O)2 clusters is obtained in tcs topology. The activated sample of 1 shows an excellent and reversible uptake of I2 in solid as well as in solution phases owing to the presence of uncoordinated chloride ions and electron rich vinylic groups in it. The I2 uptake studies on the anion-exchanged samples, of bromide, iodide, and nitrate ions, show a progressive decrease in the adsorption capacity with the sample containing uncoordinated Cl- ion showing a maximum uptake of 48.5% and the one with the NO3- ions exhibiting the lowest uptake of 24.0%. These observations suggest that the halide counterions interact better with I2 in comparison with nitrate ions and the better I2 uptake in the presence of Cl- ions over the other two halides is due to its smaller size that offers a larger surface area for adsorption. Also, both these compounds were shown to be useful catalysts for the solvent-free syntheses of bis(indolyl)methanes via Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction.
Adobe Devanagari typeface

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Typeface design: collaborative work commissioned by Adobe Inc.
Published but unreleased.
The Adobe Devanagari typefaces were commissioned from Tiro Typeworks and collaboratively designed by Tim Holloway, Fiona Ross and John Hudson,
beginning in 2005. The types were officially released in 2009. The
design brief was to produce a typeface for modern business
communications in Hindi and other languages, to be legible both in print
and on screen. Adobe Devanagari was designed to be highly readable in a
range of situations including quite small sizes in spreadsheets and in
continuous text setting, as well as at display sizes, where the full
character of the typeface reveals itself.

The construction of the letters is based on traditional penmanship but
possesses less stroke contrast than many Devanagari types, in order to
maintain strong, legible forms at smaller sizes. To achieve a dynamic,
fluid style the design features a rounded treatment of distinguishing
terminals and stroke reversals, open counters that also aid legibility
at smaller sizes, and delicately flaring strokes. Together, these
details reveal an original hand and provide a contemporary approach that
is clean, clear and comfortable to read whether in short or long
passages of text. This new approach to a traditional script is intended
to counter the dominance of rigid, staccato-like effects of straight
verticals and horizontals in earlier types and many existing fonts.

OpenType Layout features in the fonts provide both automated and
discretionary access to an extensive glyph set, enabling sophisticated
typography. Many conjuncts preferred in classical literary texts and
particularly in some North Indian languages are included; these literary
conjuncts may be substituted by specially designed alternative linear
forms and fitted half forms. The length of the ikars—ि and ी—varies
automatically according to adjacent letter or conjunct width. Regional
variants of characters and numerals (e.g. Marathi forms) are included as
alternates. Careful attention has been given to the placements of all
vowel signs and modifiers. The fonts include both proportional and
tabular numerals in Indian and European styles. Extensive kerning covers
several thousand possible combinations of half forms and full forms to
anticipate arbitrary conjuncts in foreign loan words.
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