jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Characterization of Fowl Adenoviruses Associated with Hydro-pericardium Syndrome from Broiler Chickens in Egypt

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

One of the most prominent viral diseases affecting the poultry industry is hydropericardium syndrome caused by fowl adenoviruses. Hydropericardium syndrome has recently led to significant economic losses in the Egyptian poultry sector. Many outbreaks of hydropericardium syndrome have been documented across the country in the last few years. This research examined the epidemiology and molecular characterization of fowl adenoviruses in broiler chickens in Egypt. Samples were taken from 26 outbreaks of commercial broiler chicken farms in the Beheira and Menofia governorates, Egypt, from January 2021 to March 2022. Adenoviruses genomes were detected in cloacal swabs of 10 flocks using polymerase chain reaction. Clinically, infected broiler chickens (Cobb, Ross, Indian River, Modified-Avian, and Arbor Acres) showed depression, ruffled feathers, retarded growth, and ascites, with mortality rates of 10-28%. The most common postmortem lesions were hydropericardium, yellowish enlarged liver with ecchymotic hemorrhages, pancreatitis, and enteritis. Histopathologically, intranuclear inclusion bodies, commonly basophilic type, were scattered in the hepatocyte, proventriculus, duodenum, kidney, pancreas, and spleen. In addition, depletion of lymphocytes in the bursa of Fabricius and the thymus was observed. Seven samples were selected for gene sequencing of the loop 1 region of the hexon gene. The sequence analysis revealed that all samples were identical and similar to fowl adenoviruses species D serotype 2/11, suggesting that this serotype was the predominant fowl adenoviruses circulating in the study location in the last two years. Further studies are required to address the pathogenicity of isolated fowl adenoviruses and evaluate the vaccine used to control fowl adenoviruses in Egypt. Keywords: Fowl adenoviruses, Hexon, Hydropericardium syndrome, Phylogenetic analysis, Polymerase chain reaction
Outcomes of patients admitted to the intensive care unit with community-acquired pneumonia in a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of intensive care unit (ICU) morbidity and mortality. Despite extensive international epidemiological and clinical studies to improve those patients’ outcomes, local statistics in Saudi Arabia are limited. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to the ICU with the diagnosis of CAP reflecting the experience of a tertiary center over an 18-year period. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study included all consecutive adult ICU patients diagnosed with CAP between 1999 and 2017. Baseline demographics, patients’ risk factors, and initial admission laboratory investigations were compared between survivors and nonsurvivors. A multivariate regression model was used to predict mortality. RESULTS: During the study period, there were 3438 patients admitted to the ICU with CAP (median age 67 [Quartile 1, 3 (Q1, Q3) 51, 76] years) and 54.4% were males, of whom 1007 (29.2%) died. The survivors compared with nonsurvivors were younger (65 vs. 70 years), less likely to have chronic liver disease (2.4% vs. 10.5%), chronic renal failure (8.1% vs. 14.4%), and be immunocompromised (10.2% vs. 18.2%), and less frequently required mechanical ventilation or vasopressors (46.2% vs. 80.5% and 29.6% vs. 55.9%, respectively). Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score was significantly higher among nonsurvivors (median score 26 vs. 20) with a longer duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay. Using a multivariate regression model, age, APACHE II score, bilirubin level, vasopressors, and mechanical ventilation were significantly associated with increased mortality, while diabetes was associated with lower mortality. CONCLUSION: Around one-third of patients admitted to the ICU with CAP died. Mortality was significantly associated with age, APACHE II score, vasopressor use, and mechanical ventilation. A comprehensive national registry is needed to enhance epidemiological data and to guide initiatives for improving CAP patients’ outcomes.
A three-dimensional model of fine particle retention during percolation through a fiber mat

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Fine particles are usually retained in fiber mats by sieving. To date, no theory has combined fiber and mat characteristics into a predictive retention model. A multilayer analytical retention model developed during this study predicts retention within a thick fiber mat by modeling retention as particles pass through a series of very thin fiber mats. A suspension of 5-75 μm toner particles was percolated through rayon fiber mats. The model’s prediction approached the experimental data only when the ratio of particle diameter to fiber diameter increased toward 2.0, the upper limit within the rayon fiber mat data set. Retention was also experimentally determined on the macroscale with simulated fiber mats, through which 4-20 mm beads were dropped. The particle diameter was at least 2.2 times the fiber diameter for all of the macroscale experimental data, explaining the much better fit of the data from those experiments to the model’s predictions.
[Isolated paralysis of the ocular motor nerve caused by infarction of fascicular fibers].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report the case of an 80 year-old woman who developed an unilateral brainstem infarction with a lesion of the intraparenchymatous fibres of the IIIrd cranial nerve. Intraaxial lesions of this nerve are usually part of the alternate paralysis syndrome. Our case might be the second since the report of Achard and Levi in 1901. Infarction limited to the fascicular fibres of the oculomotor nerve sparing the oculomotor nuclei results in characteristic clinical manifestations. This in turn results from the highly selective distribution of the terminal arterial territories in the midbrain.
John Marshall and the Constitution: a Chronicle of the Supreme Court. By Edward S. Corwin. [Chronicles of America series, vol. XVI.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1919. Pp. ix, 242.), The Fight for a Free Sea: a Chronicle of the War of 1812. By Ralph D. Paine. [Id., vol. XVII.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1920. Pp. xi, 235), Pioneers of the Old Southwest: a Chronicle of the Dark and Bloody Ground. By Constance Lindsay Skinner. [Id., vol. XVIII.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1919. Pp. xi, 304), The Old Northwest: a Chronicle of the Ohio Valley and Beyond. By Frederic Austin Ogg. [Id., vol. XIX.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1919. Pp. x, 220) and The Reign of Andrew Jackson: a Chronicle of the Frontier in Politics. By Frederic Austin Ogg. [Id., vol. XX.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1919. Pp. x, 249)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

John Marshall and the Constitution: a Chronicle of the Supreme Court. By Edward S. Corwin. [Chronicles of America series, vol. XVI.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1919. Pp. ix, 242.), The Fight for a Free Sea: a Chronicle of the War of 1812. By Ralph D. Paine. [Id., vol. XVII.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1920. Pp. xi, 235), Pioneers of the Old Southwest: a Chronicle of the Dark and Bloody Ground. By Constance Lindsay Skinner. [Id., vol. XVIII.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1919. Pp. xi, 304), The Old Northwest: a Chronicle of the Ohio Valley and Beyond. By Frederic Austin Ogg. [Id., vol. XIX.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1919. Pp. x, 220) and The Reign of Andrew Jackson: a Chronicle of the Frontier in Politics. By Frederic Austin Ogg. [Id., vol. XX.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1919. Pp. x, 249) Get access John Marshall and the Constitution: a Chronicle of the Supreme Court. By Corwin Edward S.. [Chronicles of America series, vol. XVI.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1919. Pp. ix, 242.) The Fight for a Free Sea: a Chronicle of the War of 1812. By Paine Ralph D.. [Id., vol. XVII.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1920. Pp. xi, 235) Pioneers of the Old Southwest: a Chronicle of the Dark and Bloody Ground. By Skinner Constance Lindsay. [Id., vol. XVIII.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1919. Pp. xi, 304) The Old Northwest: a Chronicle of the Ohio Valley and Beyond. By Ogg Frederic Austin. [Id., vol. XIX.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1919. Pp. x, 220) The Reign of Andrew Jackson: a Chronicle of the Frontier in Politics. By Ogg Frederic Austin. [Id., vol. XX.] (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1919. Pp. x, 249) D. R. Anderson D. R. Anderson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 26, Issue 1, October 1920, Pages 109–116, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/26.1.109 Published: 01 October 1920
Antioxidant Properties and Industrial Uses of Edible Polyporales

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The content of antioxidant compounds varies within fungal species, and the Polyporales order has been recognized for this property. Numerous antioxidant compounds have been identified in Polyporales fungi, including phenolic compounds, β-glucans, ergosterol, ergothioneine, vitamin C, and tocopherols. Each compound contributes differently to the antioxidant potential of fungi. Besides the health benefits for rural communities caused by fungi consumption, their antioxidant composition attracts the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries’ interest. In this context, the present review compiles, analyzes, and discusses the bioactive composition of edible fungi of the Polyporales order and its contribution to total antioxidant capacity.
Bone Mineral Density Assessment in a Multiple Sclerosis Population (P06.163)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of osteoporosis in a population of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and to assess the correlation of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) with demographic, clinical and treatment parameters. Background Osteoporosis and low BMD are common in MS. Possible explanations are attributed to factors such as lack of mobility, reduced vitamin D levels, chronic inflammatory state, steroidal and immunomodulatory treatments (DMTs). To date, available data do not allow to comprehensively define the profile of risk factors for osteoporosis in patients with MS. Design/Methods: As part of a project of «good clinical practice» in our centre, to all patients with MS aged ≥35 years, was offered the opportunity to carry out a BMD assessment by Dual energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). Then we have retrospectively analyzed DXA reports, especially considering the diagnosis of osteoporosis, as well as evaluating the possible correlation of BMD with demographic, clinical and treatment parameters. Results: 112 agreed to partecipate, 96 with full available data. Sample mean age was 50.8 ± 7.2 y., 79% females, mean disease duration of 15.4 ± 8.8 y., and mean EDSS score of 3.0 ± 2.0. Osteoporosis was found in 16.7% of the patients; mean vertebral and femoral BMD scores were respectively of .93 ± .13,and .82 ± .14. As expected, patients with either vertebral (p =. 02) or femoral (p =. 025) osteoporosis were older, while those with only femoral osteoporosis had a higher EDSS score (p Conclusions: The prevalence of osteoporosis was comparable with previous reports. As in the general population BMD correlated with age, while femoral BMD strongly correlated with disability. No correlation was found with the use of steroid therapy or DMTs. Disclosure: Dr. Haggiag has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mercurio has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bray has nothing to disclose. Dr. Haggiag has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gasperini has received personal compensation for activities with Merck Serono, Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Biogen Idec, Sanofi-Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. as a speaker. Dr. Galgani has nothing to disclose.
Distinct Regulatory Changes Underlying Differential Expression of TEOSINTE BRANCHED1-CYCLOIDEA-PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR Genes Associated with Petal Variations in Zygomorphic Flowers of Petrocosmea spp. of the Family Gesneriaceae

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract CYCLOIDEA (CYC)-like genes, belonging to the plant-specific TCP transcription factor family that is named after TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (TB1) from maize (Zea mays), CYC from Antirrhinum majus, and the PROLIFERATING CELL FACTORS (PCF) from rice (Oryza sativa), have conserved dorsal identity function in patterning floral zygomorphy mainly through specific expression in dorsal petals of a flower. Their expression changes are usually related to morphological diversity of zygomorphic flowers. However, it is still a challenge to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying their expression differentiation. It is also unknown whether CINCINNATA (CIN)-like TCP genes, locally controlling cell growth and proliferation, are involved in the evolution of floral zygomorphy. To address these questions, we selected two closely related species, i.e. Petrocosmea glabristoma and Petrocosmea sinensis, with distinct petal morphology to conduct expression, hybridization, mutant, and allele-specific expression analyses. The results show that the size change of the dorsal petals between the two species is mainly mediated by the expression differentiation of CYC1C and CYC1D, while the shape variation of all petals is related to the expression change of CIN1. In reciprocal F1 hybrids, the expression of CYC1C, CYC1D, and CIN1 conforms to an additive inheritance mode, consistent with the petal phenotypes of hybrids. Through allele-specific expression analyses, we find that the expression differentiation of these TCP genes is underlain by distinctly different types of regulatory changes. We suggest that highly redundant paralogs with identical expression patterns and interspecific expression differentiation may be controlled by remarkably different regulatory pathways because natural selection may favor different regulatory modifications rather than coding sequence changes of key developmental genes in generating morphological diversity.
The Clinical Meaning of Combined Detection of GLU,GSP,GHb to DM

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:This paper deals with the discussion of the relationship between Fasting blood glucose of DM,GSP and GHb.Methods:With enzymatic oxidation,reduction and immune latex France,96 cases of clinically diagnosed diabetes of GLU,GSP,GHb have been detected seperately.And 45 healthy people were used as contrast.Results are DM patients with GSP and GHb fasting GLU levels were significantly higher than the normal contrast group(P0.01).DM fasting GLU and GHb,and GSP were positively related.Correlation.Results:Positive correlation between DM fasting and GLU,GHb and GSP.Correlation coefficient(γ) were 0.59 and 0.75.DM patients with GLU,GSP,and GHb three closely related.Determination of serum GSP is simple,practical and stable.Conclusions:If the three joint detection are combined,this will further contribute to the diagnosis of DM and efficacy monitoring.
Community-based post-operative follow-up visit after major surgery for benign gynaecological conditions: a prospective study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The time from surgery to discharge after major procedures for benign gynaecological conditions continues to fall. This small prospective study was undertaken to assess the postoperative problems encountered by patients after gynaecological surgery for a variety of benign disorders, and the potential of the 6-week surgical follow-up to be performed by the patient's family doctor rather than the hospital. The patients' and doctors' satisfaction with such care was determined. The study showed that follow-up in the community was acceptable to both patient and doctor. When problems arose after discharge most patients ( 50%) contacted their family doctor. At the 6-week visit few had physical problems, though most (58-100% depending on the Group) felt that a 6-week follow-up was required. Six-week postoperative follow-up by the family doctor is acceptable, and could permit more effective use of hospital specialists, though would increase the workload of family doctors.
On the Off-Target Problem of Zero-Shot Multilingual Neural Machine Translation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

While multilingual neural machine translation has achieved great success, it suffers from the off-target issue, where the translation is in the wrong language.This problem is more pronounced on zero-shot translation tasks.In this work, we find that failing in encoding discriminative target language signal will lead to offtarget and a closer lexical distance (i.e., KLdivergence) between two languages' vocabularies is related with a higher off-target rate.We also find that solely isolating the vocab of different languages in the decoder can alleviate the problem.Motivated by the findings, we propose Language Aware Vocabulary Sharing (LAVS), a simple and effective algorithm to construct the multilingual vocabulary, that greatly alleviates the off-target problem of the translation model by increasing the KLdivergence between languages.We conduct experiments on a multilingual machine translation benchmark in 11 languages.Experiments show that the off-target rate for 90 translation tasks is reduced from 29% to 8%, while the overall BLEU score is improved by an average of 1.9 points without extra training cost or sacrificing the supervised directions' performance.We release the code at https://github.com/PKUnlpicler/Off-Target-MNMTfor reproduction.
Impact evaluation of EU subsidies for economic development on the Hungarian SME sector

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Although EU funds play a pivotal role not only for Hungary but for the entire European Union as well, there is debate regarding their effectiveness in the literature. This paper investigates the impact of direct economic development subsidies extended in the context of the Cohesion Policy programmes as part of the 2007-2013 programming period of the European Union, on Hungarian micro, small and medium-sized enterprises. Based on a micro database, we assess the effects of the beneficiaries' first subsidies on various performance indicators, using a combination of propensity score matching and fixed effects panel regression. According to our results, economic development funds had a significant positive impact on the number of employees, sales revenue, gross value added and in some cases, operating profit. However, the labour productivity of beneficiaries was not significantly affected by any of the support schemes. Furthermore, by explicitly comparing non-refundable subsidies (grants) and refundable assistance (financial instruments) extended under the Structural Funds and the Cohesion Fund, we find that there is no significant difference in their effectiveness.
Abstract 21: Years of Life Lost from Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Hispanics

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Hispanics face a disproportionate burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors yet paradoxically experience lower death rates as compared to their non-Hispanic white (NHW) counterparts. Years of life lost (YLL) is a more precise measure of premature mortality. Hypothesis: We hypothesize there will be heterogeneity in the YLL due to CVD between Hispanic subgroups. Methods: We used data from the National Center for Health Statistics Mortality file to compare deaths for Hispanic (n=832,550) subgroups and NHWs (n=7,770,145) <75 years of age from 2003 to 2012. We identified all CVD deaths and by subtype (i.e. ischemic, cerebrovascular, hypertensive and heart failure) using the underlying cause of death (ICD-10: I00-I78, I20-I25, I60-I69, I11, I13 and I50, respectively). YLL was calculated by age categories standardizing with 2000 U.S. Census population. Population estimates were calculated using linear interpolation from 2000 and 2010 U.S. Census. Results: After standardization, 11.4 year-losses per 1000 people due to CVD for NHWs and 8.2 per 1000 for Hispanics. Overall, Hispanics had lower YLL compared to NHWs and Puerto Ricans had higher losses among Hispanic subgroups. Most Hispanics had higher YLL for cerebrovascular disease than NHWs (Hispanics 1.1 times higher, Puerto Rican 1.2 times higher and Mexican 1.3 times higher) (Figure). Conclusions: Premature mortality from CVD varies greatly by Hispanic subgroups. These findings suggest the importance of disaggregating CVD mortality by Hispanic subgroup and using more sensitive measures of premature death in public health analyses.
Exploiting the\n(–C–H···C–)\nInteraction to Design Cage-Functionalized Organic Superbases and Hyperbases:\nA Computational Study

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A set of carbon center-based P-ylidesubstituting bases\nhave been\nexploited computationally with pentacyclo[5.4.0.0<sup>2,6</sup>.0<sup>3,10</sup>.0<sup>5.9</sup>]undecane (PCU) and pentacyclo [6.4.0.0<sup>2,7</sup>.0<sup>3,11</sup>.0<sup>6,10</sup>] dodecane (PCD) scaffolds\nusing the B3LYP-D3/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory. The proton affinities\ncalculated in the gas phase are in the range of superbases and hyperbases.\nThe Atomsin-Molecules and Natural Bond Orbital calculations reveal\nthat the –C–H···C– interaction\nplays a substantial role in improving the basicity, and tuning the\n–C–H···C– interaction can enhance\nthe basicity of such systems. The free activation energy for proton\nexchange for PCD and PCU scaffolds substituted with P-ylide is substantially\nlow. The computed results reveal the strength and nature of such –\nC–H···C– interactions compared to the\n–N–H···N– hydrogen bonds. The\nisodesmic reactions suggest that the superbasicity achieved using\nthese frameworks arises from a combination of several factors, such\nas the ring strain of the bases in their unprotonated form, steric\nrepulsion, and the intramolecular –C–H···C–\ninteraction.
Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan TA-60 Asphalt Batch Plant

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) was developed in accordance with the provisions of the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. §§1251 et seq., as amended), and the Multi-Sector General Permit for Storm Water Discharges Associated with Industrial Activity (U.S. EPA, June 2015) issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) and using the industry specific permit requirements for Sector P-Land Transportation and Warehousing as a guide. The applicable stormwater discharge permit is EPA General Permit Registration Number NMR053915 (Los Alamos National Security (LANS) (U.S. EPA, June 2015).