jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Rescaling Renewable Energy Communities in Portugal: Expert Imaginaries of Business-As-Usual, the Empowered Citizen and the Smart Network

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract In the midst of the climate crisis, growing demands for an acceleration of Europe’s transition to renewable energy have led to the institutionalization and “upscaling” of disparate and local practices of community energy. This chapter examines how new laws for “Renewable Energy Communities” (RECs) have so far been constructed and construed by an array of different technical experts who are key intermediaries for the diffusion of this legal innovation in the Portuguese energy sector. We enquire into how this new object has or has not been envisioned as a desirable and realistic response to the challenges of energy transition and climate change, and how it has been shaped by different imaginaries, discourses and social representations. In particular, we examine the spatial and temporal dimensions of these imaginaries and how expert actors anchor their visions in relation to “the common good.” By focusing on the spatial, temporal and moral dimensions of different expert representations of RECs, we aim to foreground the contingency of legal innovation and the critical moments where the polysemy of RECs and the plurality of scalar possibilities are opened up or closed down.
It's About Time: Analog Clock Reading in the Wild

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present a framework for reading analog clocks in natural images or videos. Specifically, we make the following contributions: First, we create a scalable pipeline for generating synthetic clocks, significantly reducing the requirements for the labour-intensive annotations; Second, we introduce a clock recognition architecture based on spatial transformer networks (STN), which is trained end-to-end for clock alignment and recognition. We show that the model trained on the proposed synthetic dataset generalises towards real clocks with good accuracy, advocating a Sim2Real training regime; Third, to further reduce the gap between simulation and real data, we leverage the special property of "time", i.e.uniformity, to generate reliable pseudo-labels on real unlabelled clock videos, and show that training on these videos offers further improvements while still requiring zero manual annotations. Lastly, we introduce three benchmark datasets based on COCO, Open Images, and The Clock movie, with full annotations for time, accurate to the minute.
Optimization of Microwave-assisted Extraction of Syringin and Oleuropein from Syringa reticulata

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We used microwave-assisted extraction to extract syringin and oleuropein from Syringa reticulate,and optimized the extraction process by the Box-Behnken response surface method. The order of the effect of factors on the yield of syringin and oleuropein was the concentration of ethanol the microwave time microwave power. The optimum conditions for the extraction were as follows: soaking time of 1 h,ethanol concentration of45%,ratio of solid to liquid of 1 ∶ 20 g ·m L~(-1),microwave output power of 600 W,and extraction time of 5min. With the optimum extraction conditions,the yield of syringin and oleuropein from Syringa reticulate was5. 28% ± 0. 102%. The microwave-assisted extraction was efficient and rapid for extraction syringin and oleuropein from Syringa reticulate,and was benefit for the comprehensive utilization of Syringa reticulate.
Possessives and the Learnability Problem

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Generaliewe taalkundiges verwys dikwels na die sogenaamde “leerbaarheids-paradoks”. Die beginsels wat deur generaliewe grammatika gepostuleer word, word veronderstel om 'n aspek van 'n moederspreker se linguistiese kennis te verteenwoordig. Tog is die beginsels so abstrak, dot daar nie na regie geargumenteer kan word dat hulle geleer kan word deur die waarneming van linguistiese data nie. Die oplossing is om voor te stel dat die beginsels nie hoef geleer te word nie, aangesien hulle geneties oorgedra word. Daar word gedemonstreer dat in die geval van 'n sekere klas van linguistiese data hierdie argument nie deurgevoer kan word nie. 'n Semantiese verklaring word voorgestel, waarvolgens grammatikale aanvaarbaarheid 'n funksie is van die afwesigheid van teenstrydigheid lussen die hetekenis of semantiese waarde van 'n grammatikale konstruksie en die betekenis van die woorde wat die konstruksie vorm. Dié verskynsel word kortliks geïllustreer met verwysing na die voorbeeld van die dubbele voorwerpkonstruksie in Engels. Die grooiste gedeelie van die artikel word gewy aan possessiewe uitdrukkings in Engels. Teen die agtergrond van 'n kognitiewe analise van die possessiewe konstruksie word daar gedemonstreer dat die grammatikaliteit van possessiewe uitdrukkings aspekte van die semantiese waarde van die possessiewe konstruksie weerspieël.
Correction: Numerical Investigation of Scaling Effects on a Ramjet-Powered Projectile

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The following text (in Italics) and image will replace Figure 17 (b) and one associated paragraph ("Turbulent kinetic energy (k) along the intake and diffuser walls…re-circulation zone at the diffuser exit and combustor entrance acts as a flameholder."):Maximum turbulent viscosity ratio (μt /μ) of the airflow entering the internal flowpath (i.e., at x=1.0/SF) is plotted versus scale factor in Figure 17 (b).The flow possessed weaker levels of turbulence viscosity as geometric size decreases (i.e., as SF increases).
The Global Positioning System, Geographical Information Systems and Remote Sensing

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and the Global Positioning System (GPS) are powerful tools that enable ecologists to acquire, store, analyse and display spatial ecological data (Dominy & Duncan, 2001), whereas remote sensing can provide information unobtainable by traditional methods. Although there has been an exponential rise in the use of this technology-based synergism for spatial analyses, mapping and modelling in the ecological and plant sciences (Du Puy & Moat, 1998; Dale, 1999; Wadsworth & Treweek, 1999), there have been few, fully integrative applications by primatologists (but see Table 4.1). Applications relevant to primatologists include: vegetation classification and mapping; forest fragmentation assessment; biomass estimation; population viability analyses; animal censusing; habitat sensitivity/vulnerability mapping and analysis; location and delimitation of protected areas; radio-tracking/foraging patterns and cost–distance analyses; and nesting pattern analysis.
FROM THE HISTORY OF THE ACTIVITY OF THE CONGRESS OF PEOPLE REPRESENTATIVES OF ALL KHORЕZM AND ALL BUKHARA (1920-1924)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article provides information on the activities of congress of people’s representatives of All Khorеzm and All Bukhara, who determined the main milestones of the political, socio-economic and cultural development of Khorеzm People Soviet Republic and Bukhara People Soviet Republic from 1920 to 1924. KEY WORDS: All Khorеzm, All Bukhara, Khorеzm People Soviet Republic, Bukhara People Soviet Republic, cultural development, congress.
Momentum distributions from three-body decaying 9Be and 9B resonances

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The complex-rotated hyperspherical adiabatic method is used to study the decay of low-lying $^9$Be and $^9$B resonances into $α$, $α$ and $n$ or $p$. We consider six low-lying resonances of $^9$Be ($1/2^\pm$, $3/2^\pm$ and $5/2^\pm$) and one resonance of $^9$B ($5/2^-$) to compare with. The properties of the resonances at large distances are decisive for the momentum distributions of the three decaying fragments. Systematic detailed energy correlations of Dalitz plots are presented.
Relative Importance of Perceptual and Mnemonic Variance in Human Temporal Bisection

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

We investigated the relative contributions of perception and reference memory to behavioural variability in a temporal discrimination with human subjects. We used two temporal bisection tasks. In both tasks each trial consisted of a sequential presentation of three intervals, two standards, and a probe, and subjects were asked to judge the similarity of each probe against the two standards. In a “single bisection”, the standards’ duration was constant across trials. In a “roving bisection”, the two standards were trial unique. We compared our results with the predictions from a model related to Scalar Expectancy Theory, with the added assumption that the decision process minimizes the expected number of errors given the information available. The model shows that if errors in reference memory were dominant the psychometric function should be identical for single and roving tasks, and if perceptual errors were dominant the psychometric function should be steeper for the single than for the roving bisection. As we found that psychometric functions were steeper for the single than for the roving tasks, we concluded that perceptual errors are dominant.
Identification and Characterization of Two Subpopulations of Encephalitozoon intestinalis

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Microsporidia are obligate intracellular protozoa that have been shown to be pathogenic to most living creatures. The development of in vitro cell culture propagation methods has provided researchers with large numbers of spores and facilitated the study of these organisms. Here, we describe heterogeneity within cell culture-propagated Encephalitozoon intestinalis suspensions. Flow cytometer histograms depicting the log side scatter and forward-angle light scatter of spores from nine suspensions produced over 12 months consistently showed two populations differing in size. The suspensions were composed primarily of the smaller-spore subpopulation (76.4% ± 5.1%). The presence of two subpopulations was confirmed by microscopic examination and image analysis ( P < 0.001). Small subpopulation spores were noninfectious in rabbit kidney (RK13) cell culture infectivity assays, while the large spores were infectious when inocula included ≥25 spores. The small spores stained brilliantly with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated monoclonal antibody against Encephalitozoon genus spore wall antigen, while the large spores stained poorly. There was no difference in staining intensities using commercial (MicroSporFA) and experimental polyclonal antibodies. Vital-dye (DAPI [4′,6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole], propidium iodide, or SYTOX Green) staining showed the spores of the small subpopulation to be permeable to all vital dyes tested, while spores of the large subpopulation were not permeable in the absence of ethanol pretreatment. PCR using primers directed to the 16S rRNA or β-tubulin genes and subsequent sequence analysis confirmed both subpopulations as E. intestinalis . Our data suggest that existing cell culture propagation methods produce two types of spores differing in infectivity, and the presence of these noninfective spores in purified spore suspensions should be considered when designing disinfection and drug treatment studies.
A Firefly Learning Module for Environmental Sustainable Development in Samutsongkhram Province, THAILAND

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A firefly learning module for the sustainable development was developed for Thai secondary school students in the study province. A deeper connection between environment, social and economic dimensions, which lies at the core of sustainability, became the key issue for this learning module. Also an important dimension of the module was the empowerment of the students themselves. Through brainstorming and ensuring activities, students were expected to act at the local level and to develop a deeper sense of responsibility. This study aimed at to develop learning module based on both the principle of inquiry approaches and the collaboration of a community of learners. Mixed methods paradigm was employed for data collection and analysis. Four data collection techniques: classroom observations, interviews, written documents, and questionnaire were employed. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences was applied for quantitative data analysis. The qualitative data were analyzed using open and axial coding techniques. The analyzed data were categorized to describe context of developed learning module, the students&amp;rsquo; conceptual understanding, and awareness toward ecosystems and firefly conservation. The study involved one-9th grade class of twenty students from one school in Samutsongkhram Province, Thailand. The results indicated that the developed learning module improved students&amp;rsquo; conceptual understanding, perceptions, and self-reported behavior toward ecosystems and firefly conservation. The results of the effectiveness of this learning module clearly showed that the students gained significantly higher score in conceptual understanding and perceptions after participating in this learning module. The results from interviews showed that the students changed from a poor to a very good level of understanding after involvement in this learning module. The results also indicated that none of the students remained at the poor level after participating in this learning module. Students&amp;rsquo; perspective toward the developed learning module revealed that most students were happy with the several educational activities and multi-tasks of the module. The results from teachers&amp;rsquo; interviews showed that all of them had positive attitudes about the learning module. Keywords: &amp;nbsp;Learning module, firefly, sustainable development, K-12 environmental education, mixed-method, sense of responsibility&amp;nbsp;
TM-polarized plane wave scattering by an eccentrically loaded slit PEC cylinder

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The geometric configuration considered in this paper consists of a circular, dielectric cylindrical sheath, which encloses a parallel, eccentric, circular, dielectric cylinder; the sheath is partly covered by a zero-thickness, axially slit, PEC cylinder. The method of analytical regularization (MAR) is used for studying scattering of a T-polarized, plane wave impinging on the cylindrical structure. The numerical application reveals the possibility of suppressing or enhancing the resonances in the radar cross section (RCS) of the cavity-backed aperture via changes in the internal structure of the cavity.
Short chain fatty acids inhumanlarge intestine, portal, hepatic andvenousblood

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY Evidence fortheoccurrenceofmicrobial breakdown ofcarbohydrate inthehuman colon hasbeensought bymeasuringshort chain fatty acid(SCFA)concentrations inthecontents of all regionsofthelarge intestine andinportal, hepatic andperipheral venous bloodobtained at autopsyofsuddendeathvictims within fourhoursofdeath. Total SCFAconcentration (mmol/kg) was lowintheterminal ileum at13±6buthighinallregions ofthecolon ranging from131±9inthe caecum to80± 11inthedescending colon. Thepresenceofbranched chainfatty acids was also noted. A significant trendfromhightolowconcentrations was foundon passing distally from caecum todescending colon. pHalso changed withregion from5-6±0-2 inthecaecum to6-6±01 in thedescending colon. pH andSCFA concentrations were inversely related. TotalSCFA (~imol/l) in bloodwas, portal 375±70,hepatic 148±42andperipheral 79±22.Inallsamples acetate was theprincipal anion butmolarratios ofthethree principal SCFAchanged on going from colonic contents toportal blood tohepatic veinindicating greater uptake ofbutyrate bythecolonic epithelium andpropionate bytheliver. Thesedataindicate thatsubstantial carbohydrate, and possibly protein, fermentation isoccurringinthehumanlarge intestine, principally inthecaecum andascending colonandthatthelarge bowelmay haveagreater role toplayindigestion thanhas previously been ascribed toit.
Phaseolus vulgaris L. INCBN_00479

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant Genetic Resource.
Taxonomy: Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Common name(s): Common bean
Conserved by: Bernhard Ebersberger, Germany
Local sample unique identifier: INCBN_00479
Method of creation: Acquisition
Date: 2024-04-02
Historical: No
Biological status: Breeding/research material
MLS status: SMTA transfer
Multicentric squamous‐cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract In an attempt to define the true frequency of multiple primary squamouscell carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract, 3 separate population groups were studied. The results of this investigation confirmed the high incidence of multicentric carcinomas in the upper aerodigestive tract, lung, and esophagus. The clinical significance of this phenomenon is discussed, particularly its effect on patient survival and its possible relationship to local tumor recurrence. The value of routine panendoscopy in the initial assessment is stressed as well as the need for a lifelong follow‐up of these patients.
EXERCISE INTENSITY IN RELATION TO HEART RATE RESERVE AND PERCEIVED EXERTION IN TYPE II DIABETIC ADULTS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Exercise training has been recommended in individuals with Type II diabetes for its beneficial effects on glycemic control and cardiovascular disease risk reduction. Percent heart rate reserve (%HRR) and the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) are two widely used methods of assessing physical effort during exercise. Although these measures are considered valid and reliable in healthy adults and some special populations, they have not been validated in adults with Type II diabetes mellitus. PURPOSE To examine the relationships between exercise intensity as measured by percent VO2 peak (%VO2) and both RPE and %HRR in adults with Type II diabetes mellitus. It was hypothesized that RPE and %HRR would be equally highly correlated with %VO2. METHODS Thirteen adults (49.6 ± 12.15 yrs) with duration of diabetes (range 0.5–32.0; mean 9.0 ± 9.66 yrs), completed a maximal graded exercise treadmill test with 2-minute stages to VO2 peak (2.16 ± 0.782 L/min). Rate of perceived exertion using the Borg 6–20 scale was assessed during the last 30s of each stage. Heart rate was monitored continuously via 12-lead ECG and heart rate reserve was calculated. Correlation coefficients were determined between %VO2 and %HRR and between %VO2 and RPE. A test of significant differences was performed between the two correlation coefficients. RESULTS Correlation coefficients of 0.909 and 0.602 were found between %VO2 and %HRR and between %VO2 and RPE, respectively. A t-test of the difference between the correlation coefficients revealed a significantly stronger relationship between %VO2 and %HRR than between %VO2 and RPE, (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Percent heart rate reserve has a stronger association with exercise intensity than rating of perceived exertion in the Type II diabetic population. Funded by the Indiana University Adult Fitness Program.
Diagnostic Evaluation of the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast masses for the Sonoelastographic Strain ratio measurement :Comparison of MRI-CAD kinetic curve patterns

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Poster: ECR 2015 / C-0438 / Diagnostic Evaluation of the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast masses for the Sonoelastographic Strain ratio measurement :Comparison of MRI-CAD kinetic curve patterns by: H.-J. Jo, K.-H. Min, K. S. Ahn; Seongnam-si/KR
A Case of Traumatic Lumbar Subcutaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report a case of cerebrospinal fluid hypotension probably caused by lumbosacral meningeal rupture due to injury. This 19-year-old male was admitted to our clinic on July 31, 1989, after involvement in a motor vehicle accident. On admission neurological examination revealed no abnormalities except for his altered consciousness level. Physical examination on admission demonstrated a skin abrasion on his back and head. Cranial CT scan showed an epidural hematoma in the right side without evidence of midline shift. Three days after admission the patient complained of a postural headache worsened by taking up a sitting position. Observation revealed the patient had lumbar subcutaneous fluid retention suggesting cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Plain lumbar X-ray revealed L5 spondylosis and S1 spina bifida occulta. In order to confirm the diagnosis and determine the location of the dural tear a myelography was performed, but there was no evidence of abnormalities. Although an accurate leak point could not be detected, he was diagnosed as having cerebrospinal fluid hypotension due to a lumbosacral meningeal rupture. He was kept in bed and received autologous epidural blood patch three times followed by closed continuous drainage of cerebrospinal fluid. He made a good recovery and was free of after-effects. Traumatic lumbar subcutaneous cerebrospinal fluid leakage without traumatic avulsion of lumbosacral nerve roots is extremely rare. The diagnosis and treatment of this condition are discussed here.
A Sequence Component Based Continuation Power Flow Model for Electric Power Grid Considering Transmission and Distribution System

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Integration of Inverter Based Resources (IBRs) in the distribution grid and bulk grid has posed new challenges to the long-term voltage stability of the integrated electric Transmission and Distribution (T&D) system. The main challenges include, but are not limited to, IBR variability and intermittence, the effect of a large number of DERs, distribution grid unbalances, the effect of load types, and the interaction of controllable devices such as voltage regulators. This paper proposes a new three-sequence integrated T&D continuation power flow (SI-CPF) model for analyzing the voltage stability of the power grid considering, grid and load unbalance, various load types, and renewable energy variations, in a combined T&D simulation that consider all the phases of transmission and distribution network. Results show that SI-CPF can provide the weak phase voltage stability margin of the power grid more efficiently and accurately considering a three-phase integrated T&D network.
Developing a Program Model for School-Based Day Treatment for Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Difficulties

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

School-based day treatment is an intensive mental health service for children with social, emotional, and behavioral difficulties. Research on day treatment is scarce and descriptions of program models are lacking. We used stimulated recall interviews to explore the moment-to-moment processes and strategies of classroom staff in a day treatment program for children in kindergarten and Grade 1 in Canada. Several processes and strategies used by staff emerged from the thematic analysis of the interviews. These included a process of individualized intervention, characterized by a continual and cyclical process of attunement, responsiveness, assessment, and evaluation, using a team-based approach, noticing positives about children, a climate of positive relationships, staff regulating their own emotions, being flexible while also being firm and consistent, and seeing children from a developmental perspective. More specific strategies used by staff (e.g., token economy) also emerged from the interviews. Implications for future research and teacher training are discussed.