jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Five novel mutations in the gene for human blood coagulation factor V associated with type I factor V deficiency

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Coagulation factor V (FV) plays an important role in maintaining the hemostatic balance in both the formation of thrombin in the procoagulant pathway as well as in the protein C anticoagulant pathway. FV deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder with variable phenotypic expression. Little is known about the molecular basis underlying this disease. This study identified 5 novel mutations associated with FV deficiency in 3 patients with severe FV deficiency but different clinical expression and 2 unaffected carriers. Four mutations led to a premature termination codon either by a nonsense mutation (single-letter amino acid codes): A1102T, K310Term. (FV Amersfoort) and C2491T, Q773Term. (FV Casablanca) or a frameshift: an 8–base pair deletion between nucleotides 1130 and 1139 (FV Seoul1) and a 1–base pair deletion between nucleotides 4291 and 4294 (FV Utrecht). One mutation was a novel missense mutation: T1927C, C585R (FV Nijkerk), resulting in the absence of mutant protein despite normal transcription to RNA. Most likely, an arginine at this position disrupts the hydrophobic interior of the FV A2 domain. The sixth detected mutation was a previously reported missense mutation: A5279G, Y1702C (FV Seoul2). In all cases, the presence of the mutation was associated with type I FV deficiency. Identifying the molecular basis of mutations underlying this rare coagulation disorder will help to obtain more insight into the mechanisms involved in the variable clinical phenotype of patients with FV deficiency.
Aflatoxin Production ofSpecies andStrains of theAspergillus flavusGroupIsolated fromField Crops

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

species offungi, low-quality lots weresampled atarate greater thantheir respective proportional representation. Aflatoxins werefound eachyearinpeanut andcottonseed and werefound in2of3years inrice andsorghum. Aflatoxins weredetected inall four crops. TheAspergillus flavus group wasmuchmoreprevalent inpeanut andrice thanincottonseed andsorghum. Oftheisolates oftheA.flavus group, 96%from peanuts, 79%fromcottonseed, 49%fromsorghum, and35%fromrice produced aflatoxins. Theaverage toxin production ofisolates fromrice wasmuchless than that frompeanuts, cottonseed, orsorghum. Morethan90%ofall isolates oftheA. flavus group wereidentified asthespecies A.flavus. A.parasiticus wasisolated fromall four crops. OnlyA.parasiticus produced aflatoxin G. A widerangeintheability ofstrains and species oftheAspergillus flavus grouptoproduceaflatoxins wasreported soonafter Sargeant etal.(9)first associated thetoxins with A.flavus Linkin1961. Ina recent review, Diener andDavis (5)cited early reports oftoxin production byfewer than6%(India) tomore than70%(Israel) ofthestrains oftheA.flavus groupisolated intherespective areas. In1966, Diener andDavis (4)reported aflatoxin productionby86%ofA.flavus cultures isolated from several natural substrates. Inthesameyear, Boller andSchroeder (2)reported that98%of isolates fromrice samples collected fromfive rice-producing states intheUnited States producedaflatoxin. In1967, TaberandSchoeder (10)foundthatabout95%of213A.flavus isolates fromTexaspeanuts produced aflatoxins. Fourspecies oftheA.flavus groupwere commonly found tobeassociated withgrain or otherseedcrops. TheyareA.flavus, A. parasiticus Speare, A.tamarii Kita,andA. oryzae (Ahlb.) Cohn.Ofthese species, A.flavus andA.parasiticus areknownproducers of aflatoxins. Allotherfactors beingequal, therelative prevelance ofstrains withtheability toproduce large quantities ofthetoxins incomparison with strains orspecies thatproduce little toxin can beexpected toaffect thelevel ofcontamination. Because several aspects ofthisproblem have received little ornoinvestigation, thefollowing studywasmadetodetermine whether the prevalence ofaflatoxin-producing strains on peanuts, cottonseed, rice, andsorghum varies markedly fromyeartoyearandwhether an interaction withthehost affects this prevalence.
An economic evaluation of tranexamic acid to prevent postpartum haemorrhage in women with vaginal delivery: the randomised controlled TRAAP trial

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Objective To estimate the cost‐effectiveness of tranexamic acid (TXA) use to prevent postpartum haemorrhage. Design A trial‐based economic evaluation. Setting Fifteen French university maternity hospitals. Population Women enrolled in the TRAAP randomised controlled trial comparing TXA versus placebo in women with vaginal delivery. TRAAP failed to show a reduction in postpartum haemorrhage of at least 500 ml in the intervention arm but evidenced significant lower rates of secondary outcomes related to blood loss. Methods & main outcome measures We estimated direct medical costs from within‐trial hospital resources collected prospectively from the study report form. All resources were costed at their value to the hospital. We estimated incremental cost per incremental haemorrhage averted. Results Among the 4079 women in the TRAAP trial, data necessary to calculate costs were available for 3836 (94.0%). The average total costs in the TXA and control groups were € 2278 ± 388 and €2288 ± 409 per woman, respectively ( P = 0.79). In women with postpartum haemorrhage of at least 500 ml (trial primary endpoint), costs were €2359 ± 354 and €2409 ± 525 ( P = 0.14); for provider‐assessed clinically significant postpartum haemorrhage and postpartum haemorrhage of at least 1000 ml, costs were respectively €2316 ± 347 versus €2381 ± 521 ( P = 0.22) and €2321 ± 318 versus €2411 ± 590 ( P = 0.35) in the tranexamic and placebo groups, respectively. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that the use of TXA had a 65–73% probability of saving costs and improving outcome. Conclusions Our findings support the use of TXA, as both bleeding events and cost may be reduced three out of four times. Tweetable abstract Tranexamic acid at vaginal delivery reduces both costs and bleeding events 3 times out of 4.
Swelling clay mapping for characterizing expansive soils : results from laboratory spectroscopy and Hysens Dais analysis

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Data acquired from the hyperspectral airborne sensor DAIS-7915 over Antequera in southern Spain was processed to yield a quantitative soil swelling potential map based on three physicochemical soil properties currently used in engineering as measures of soil swelling namely cation exchange capacity (CEC), coefficient of linear extensibility (COLE), and Saturated moisture content (SP). The method adopted was the use of the statistical procedures of cluster analysis and factor analysis to obtain spectral parameters with a potential to classify the soils into classes based on existing classification thresholds of the three properties where laboratory, field and image extracted pixel spectral data analysis were used. Applying this on a pixel-by-pixel basis revealed images that described spatially and qualitatively the surface distribution of these properties and thus swell potential differences among the soils in the area. The results gave an indication of the possible use of airborne spectral data for swell potential estimation.
International Winter Wheat Improvement Program: history, activities, impact and future

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

International Winter Wheat Improvement Program (IWWIP) was established in 1986 between the Government of Turkey and CIMMYT with three main objectives: (1) develop winter/facultative germplasm for Central and West Asia, (2) facilitate global winter wheat germplasm exchange, and (3) training wheat scientists. ICARDA joined the program in 1991 making it a three-way partnership that continues to work effectively. The germplasm developed by IWWIP as well as the winter wheat cultivars and lines received from global cooperators are assembled into international nurseries. These nurseries are offered annually to public and private entities (IWWIP website) and distributed to more than 100 cooperators in all continents. IWWIP impact has primarily been in new winter wheat cultivars combining broad adaptation, high yield potential, drought tolerance and disease resistance. A total of 93 IWWIP cultivars have been released in 11 countries occupying annually an estimated 2.5–3.0 Mha. IWWIP cooperation with researchers in Turkey, Central and West Asia and several US universities has resulted in a number of publications reviewed in this paper. Important IWWIP impacts include national inventories of wheat landraces in Turkey, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, their collection, characterization, evaluation and utilization.
Children with Specific Language Impairment Also Show Impairment of Music-syntactic Processing

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Both language and music consist of sequences that are structured according to syntactic regularities. We used two specific event-related brain potential (ERP) components to investigate music-syntactic processing in children: the ERAN (early right anterior negativity) and the N5. The neural resources underlying these processes have been posited to overlap with those involved in the processing of linguistic syntax. Thus, we expected children with specific language impairment (SLI, which is characterized by deficient processing of linguistic syntax) to demonstrate difficulties with music-syntactic processing. Such difficulties were indeed observed in the neural correlates of music-syntactic processing: neither an ERAN nor an N5 was elicited in children with SLI, whereas both components were evoked in age-matched control children with typical language development. Moreover, the amplitudes of ERAN and N5 were correlated with subtests of a language development test. These data provide evidence for a strong interrelation between the language and the music processing system, thereby setting the ground for possible effects of musical training in SLI therapy.
effect of non-monetary motivational factors on employee performance in a case of ethiotelecom East region

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research investigated effect of non-monetary motivational factors on employee performance in a case of ethiotelecom East region. Existence of previous research gap insisted the need for the Study. The study used descriptive research design to get clear and sufficient understanding on the topic. The researcher selected 193 employees as a sample size, out of 390 permanent employees and collected primary data through survey method by distributing questionnaire with Likert scale measurement, then gathered data were processed with software called Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 26 version. Descriptive and inferential analysis method where used and obtained result shows existence of positive and significant effect of non-monetary motivational factors on employee performance. Further, the research finding shows all independent variables have significant effect on employee performance. However, employee recognition are relatively the dominant variables in the model. This research recommend for ethiotelecom Company to insist its division and management in applying non-monetary motivational factors such like recognition, training, work environment and promotion, so as to get competitive advantage through efficiency, quality and cost effective related with employee performance.
ADOPTION OF HYGIENIC FISH HANDLING PRACTICES BY FISHERMEN

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This paper attempts to explore the extent of adoption of hygienic fish handling practices among the mechanized fishermen of Thoothukudi district in Tamil Nadu. Data on the extent of adoption of hygienic fish handling practices among the fishermen were collected through personal interview. Of the 10 practices evaluated, the adoption scores were higher for five practices viz., Icing of fish (96.67%), Cleaning of deck (94.17%), Cleaning of fish hold and accessories (90.83%), Packaging of fish (77.50%) and Personal Hygiene (60.83%).It was observed that erratic price fluctuations; lack of cold storage; and insufficient loans and subsidies were the major problems faced by the fishermen in practising the hygienic fish handling practices. Price regulation by Government intervention; establishment of cold storage in auction hall; and providing sufficient loans and subsidies without collateral security from banks were the suggestions of the fishermen for the perceived problems.
Process Control and Yield Enhancement of the Galacto‐Oligosaccharide Formation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract As lactose is an increasing by‐product of dairy industry, the selective conversion to prebiotic galacto‐oligosaccharides (GOSs) by the enzyme β ‐galactosidase represents a highly attractive value creation. The synthesis of GOSs is characterized by an equilibrium‐limited reaction, which can be overcome by a coupling with an enzymatic reduction of the side product glucose to achieve an increase in product yield. Furthermore, the effect of substrate substitution based on sweet whey and the impact of whey‐dominating salt ions was examined, leading to a further process intensification of GOS synthesis.
Chapter 9. Semantic integration in listening comprehension in a second language

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

A cross-modal priming task was used to examine listening comprehension by second language speakers. Participants were asked to perform a written lexical decision task on targets that were presented in different auditory sentential contexts. The context and the target were congruent (i.e., the target being highly predictable), neutral (i.e., possible but not predictable), or incongruent (i.e., inappropriate), as in “The girl mailed the letter without a stamp/sticker/stone.” Native speakers showed a priming effect for both congruent and neutral conditions in relation to the incongruent condition, but nonnative speakers showed a priming effect only for the congruent condition. No difference was observed between the neutral and incongruent conditions. Explanations of these findings and possible implications for language teaching are discussed.
A theoretical study of the effects of cyclic amp phosphodiesterases during aggregation in Dictyostelium

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT During aggregation the larger Dictyostelium species use cAMP as a chemoattractant and possibly also as a transmitter. In passage from cell to cell, cAMP levels are modulated by diffusion and by enzyme hydrolysis. It appears that the important cAMP-hydrolysing enzyme is a phosphodiesterase bound to the cell membrane, the main roles of which are (1) very fast hydrolysis of cAMP and (2) steepening of spatial cAMP gradients. An extracellular phosphodiesterase has no function, so far as can be conjectured from present data.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Insecticidal Activity of Steroidal N-Piperidone

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A series of steroidal piperidone derivatives were synthesized, and their agricultural activities were evaluated against Myzus persicae, Aphis citricola, Brevicoryne brassicae Linn., and Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Most of the tested compounds exhibited potent insecticidal activity against these four pests. Compound I-9 displayed the highest activity against M. persicae, A. citricola, and Brevicoryne brassicae, with LC50 values of 11.3, 10.4, and 8.68 μg/mL, respectively. The mode of action test indicated that these derivatives had superior contact and systemic insecticidal activity against M. persicae. In addition, we initially explored whether the foregut and midgut might be the action sites of the target derivatives against M. persicae. Furthermore, a field trial showed that the control of compound I-9 was similar to that of acetamiprid against M. persicae, at a dose of 50 μg/mL; the control rates were 97.8 and 99.2% after 14 and 21 days, respectively. The structure-activity relationship of these analogues provided some important insights for the discovery and development of new insecticides to solve the current pesticide resistance crisis.
H ∞ Synthesis of Nonlinear Feedback Systems in a Volterra Representation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Presented in this paper is a procedure for selecting the H∞ performance weights for a class of nonlinear feedback systems modeled by a truncated Volterra series. The performance weight selection addresses the trade-offs between closed-loop performance and closed-loop stability. The class of feedback systems considered are regulating systems subject to step disturbances. The methodology is based on two recent results concerning closed loop stability for this class of nonlinear feedback systems. These stability conditions can be formulated as an H∞ problem where the performance weights are systematically identified. This synthesis procedure is applied to the idle speed control of a Ford 4.6L V-8 fuel injection engine. Through this application, the design trade-off between closed-loop performance and stability is illustrated.
Labor Market Institutions, Skills, and Innovation Style: A Critique of the ‘Varieties of Capitalism’ Perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Recent work on innovation performance within the national systems of innovation (NSI) framework has sought to go beyond the focus in the seminal contributions on science-industry links and the R&D activities of industrial firms (Nelson, 1993) or on the nature of user-producer relations promoting interactive learning (Lundvall, 1992). The more recent work has sought to widen the NSI perspective by exploring the way labor market institutions and systems of social protection impact on employee learning and innovation outcomes (Lorenz and Lundvall, 2006; Holms et al., 2010). A focus on the institutional determinants of the innovative performance of firms is also a hallmark of research on the varieties of capitalism (VoC) by Hall and Soskice (2001), who were perhaps the first to emphasize the way labor markets and vocational training systems shape differences in innovation style across nations.
Entrepreneurial intentions and education: Effects on low-income students

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper investigates the influence of entrepreneurial education on the relationship between entrepreneurial intentions and its antecedents of low-income students. It verifies the effects of entrepreneurial education as a moderating variable in the connection between intention and its antecedents. Our findings provide a theoretical contribution by showing that entrepreneurial education exerts no moderating effect on the relationship between entrepreneurial intentions and its antecedents on students coming from low-income contexts. It contributes to practitioners by highlighting the importance of entrepreneurial education curricula comprising hands-on activities which present real-life entrepreneurship situations to low-income students.
Analysis of resource value of edible insect

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Edible insect is rich in species,nutritive value and medicinal value. It is the precious resources that mankind could fully utilize. It was also the research focus of exploitation and industrialization of insect food. The resource value and processing methods of edible insect,including insect species,nutritive value,and medicinal value,were summarized in this article.Besides,the research problems of edible insect were also analyzed,and the research directions of the insect were looked forward in this article.
Child maltreatment types and adolescent substance use: The role of deviant peer affiliation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract This is the first study to examine the mediating effects of deviant peer affiliation on the association between different types of child maltreatment and adolescent substance use that includes alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana. Peer deviance is a well‐established correlate of adolescent substance use, but most studies exploring the relationship between child maltreatment and adolescent substance use have failed to include peer deviance. Structural equation modelling was conducted to examine the direct effects of each type of child maltreatment (i.e., physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, and neglect) on adolescent substance use, as well as indirect effects via deviant peer affiliation, using Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. The results indicated that deviant peer affiliation fully mediated the individuals who had been emotionally abused showed increased deviant peer affiliation, which in turn was associated with higher levels of adolescent substance use. None of the four types of child maltreatment was directly associated with adolescent substance use. The study's findings underscore the importance of early assessment and intervention for the peer relationships of youth who have been emotionally abused.
Thermoelectric Properties, Effective Mass, Chemical Bonding, and Optical Properties of 1,3,6-trimetylo-alloxazine: C13H12N4O2

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The thermoelectric properties, electronic band structure, density of states, chemical bonding, optical properties, electrons and holes effective mass of 1,3,6-trimetylo-alloxazine are calculated by using the full potential linear augmented plane wave method, based on the density function theory. Result shows that 1,3,6-trimetylo-alloxazine is an indirect band gap semiconductor. The band gap for LDA, GGA, EVGGA and mBJ are 1.919, 1.984, 2.106, 2.335 eV respectively, the valence bands are mostly attributed to N-s/p, H-s, O-p and C-s electronic states, and the conduction bands are attributed to N-s/p and O-p electronic states. The electrical transport properties and types of carriers of 1,3,6-trimetylo- alloxazine are attributed to N-p and O-p electronic states near the Fermi level. From the electronic charge density nature, the covalency can be clearly seen in the bonds C-N and C-H. From the optical behavior we found that the reflectivity of the investigated compound is smaller. Thermoelectric properties of semi conducting 1,3,6-trimetylo-alloxazine were also reported. 1,3,6-trimetylo-alloxazine compound is approximately large band gap semiconductor with a large p-type Seebeck coefficient. The thermoelectric figure of merit is small because of high electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity.
Intercomparing Residuals to Find Outliers in Randomized Blocks

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The results of experiments laid out in a randomized complete block often appear to contain one or more unusual values. Techniques for detecting such exotic values, understanding of alternative descriptions of exoticity, one or the other of which applies rather often, leading to what might be done when exotic values are detected, can all be of practical use. This study was designed to investigate such a two-way data set: (a) by using for detection the combination of a median polish to highlight unusual values and an analysis on its residuals that is guided by the order statistic medians from a unit half-Gaussian distribution, (b) by exploring an alternate analysis on a logarithmic scale, and (c) by either Winsorizing or applying missing-value techniques to those values found to be exotic. It details the processes and the ways in which the results may be interpreted by application to data from an experiment conducted by the Rubber Research Institute in Malaysia. This article provides a concise practical tool for the investigation of such data, leading into more appropriate statistical analysis.