jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Safety and Cost-effectiveness of Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy as Day Care Surgery in Paediatric Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The increasing prevalence of urolithiasis in paediatric populations necessitates the exploration of efficient and safe treatment modalities. Mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), traditionally an inpatient procedure, has evolved with advancements in surgical techniques and pain management, prompting its consideration as a day care surgery. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of day care mini PCNL in paediatric patients with kidney stones. Methods: This prospective quasi-experimental study was conducted in a pediatric urology department. Patients aged 3 months to 14 years presenting with kidney stones were included. The procedure involved using a 16Fr mini PCNL nephroscope under general anesthesia and fluoroscopic guidance. Stone fragmentation was achieved using a pneumatic lithoclast, and fragmented stones were retrieved with wash and bifrong forceps. Inclusion criteria were stringent, considering factors like stone size, surgery duration, and patient recovery. Postoperative management included early mobilization, oral antibiotics, and analgesics. Follow-up was scheduled at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively. Data analysis employed SPSS version 20, focusing on variables like age, operative time, readmission rates, and cost comparisons. Results: The study involved 92 patients, with a gender distribution of 71.7% male and 28.3% female. The average stone size was 2.2 ± 0.7 cm, and the mean operative time was 74 ± 16 minutes. The mean hospital stay was 11 hours, with readmission rates of 6.7%. The cost savings in day care mini PCNL were significant, with an average reduction of 8000 PKR per procedure compared to inpatient care. The success rate of day care surgery was 93.7%. Conclusion: Day care mini PCNL is a viable, safe, and cost-effective treatment option for pediatric patients with kidney stones. It offers reduced hospital stay, lower costs, and high patient satisfaction without compromising on safety or treatment efficacy.
Emotion Concepts

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Chapter 3 explores the development of emotion concepts, investigating how actors at different times drew the boundaries that defined emotions and distinguished them from non-emotions. It argues that concepts that were centered on notions of equilibrium and balance were transformed into concepts which emphasized and even celebrated the elementary power of emotions and their capacity to overwhelm the individual. This development went hand in hand with the integration of some elements of the Sufi knowledge and poetic imagery of emotions into the public discourse. The first section looks at ethical texts, which drew on the Aristotelian tradition in its Persianate shape. This genre had a long history, but was reframed considerably in the nineteenth century. The second section focuses on the Sufi tradition, while the third takes up the relatively new genre of journal articles, mainly from Tahzib ul Akhlaq, the flagship journal of the Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College in Aligarh.
Popularization of Koekoek poultry breed for enhancing livelihood of poor households: A case of Southern Tigray, Ethiopia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Demonstration of Koekoek breed was conducted at Raya-Azebo and Enda-Mehoni Woredas with 10 poor households with the objective of increasing the productivity of poultry thereby improving livelihood of the resource poor farmers in Ethiopia. Koekoek breed had significantly (P<0.05) superior on number of eggs laid per clutch (26 egg/clutch) as compared to local breed (15 egg/clutch). Beside this, the Koekoek breed is also superior in both sexes (male 2.6 kg and female 1.9 kg) on yearly body weights as compared to local breed. Koekoeks breed had significant (P<0.05) mean scored of 6 over local breed on production and reproduction performance. The farmers perceived that Koekoek breed had superior traits on body weight, number of eggs laid per month, egg size, vent size and marketability weight of egg. However, local breed was as superior as Koekoek breed on tail height, body color, leg length and color. The breed is now playing a great role as source of cash income to the beneficiary households and covers various expenses such as educational expense, saving, routine daily life expense, house equipments, electronic device sheep and feeds. Also, the breed is being disseminated to large number of farmers through the farmer to farmer dissemination approach. Beneficiary farmers are selling eggs to their neighbors and the male Koekoeks are playing roles as community based breed improvement. Hence, efforts should be made by the extension and other actors to further scale out the breeds. Key words: Body weight, chicken, egg, farmers, local.
An anthropometric study of young Indian men for bottom wear sizing

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The objective of the paper is to develop a standardised bottom-wear body size chart for young Indian men through a pan-India anthropometric survey.The research involved a pan-India anthropometric survey of 14 crucial body dimensions (required for bottom-wear) of 2,401 Indian male aged between 18-29 years.Statistical analysis of the anthropometric data was done through multivariate analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) and two-step cluster analysis as data mining techniques using SPSS 16.The developed size charts were validated statistically by calculating aggregate loss based on Euclidean distance.The research resulted in the selection of six body size charts based on standard deviation as well as cluster analysis.The aggregate loss values observed between 1.81 cm to 2.42 cm.The percentage coverage of the population ranged between 76.22% to 97.21% with a number of size categories ranged from 32 to 40.The research fills the gap in the Indian bottom-wear manufacturing setup by providing size chart developed as per anthropometric make of young Indian male.The developed size chart is envisaged to provide well-fitting bottom-wear to Indian costumers thereby reducing loss of sales and increasing consumer satisfaction.
Tuning Charge Carrier Dynamics and Surface Passivation in Organolead Halide Perovskites with Capping Ligands and Metal Oxide Interfaces

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Organolead halide perovskites have emerged as exciting optoelectronic materials but a complete understanding of their photophysical properties is still lacking. Here, a morphological series of methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr 3 ) perovskites are studied by transient optical spectroscopies over eight orders of magnitude in timescale to investigate the effect of nanostructuring and surface states on the charge carrier dynamics. The sample preparation route and corresponding morphology changes influence the position of the optical features, recombination dynamics, excitation fluence dependence, and dramatically impact surface trap passivation. Growth of the perovskite layer in the presence of capping ligands or within mesoporous alumina increases the photoluminescence efficiency by multiple orders of magnitude, indicating that interfacing with metal oxides can lead to the passivation of surface nonradiative recombination centers. Nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed in solution show mixed behavior since they consist of NPs on nanoplatelets, while isolated NPs could be grown within mesoporous alumina with the addition of capping ligands. Investigation on the microsecond timescale suggests that an exponential distribution of states below the band edges results in long‐lived charges. The investigations of the relationship between sample architecture and charge carrier dynamics will help in the appropriate choice of perovskite morphology for use in optoelectronic devices.
Effects of Boric Acid and Sucrose on Pollens Germination of Nymphaea tetragona

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The suitable germinating media for Nelumbo nucifera pollen were studied by in vitro culture.The results showed that the optimal concentration of sucrose and boric acid for germination of Nymphaea tetragona pollen were sucrose 60 mg/L and boric acid 15 mg/L,the pollen germination rate was 30.83% and 23.73% respectively.
Wavelets and graph $C^*$-algebras

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Here we give an overview on the connection between wavelet theory and representation theory for graph $C^{\ast}$-algebras, including the higher-rank graph $C^*$-algebras of A. Kumjian and D. Pask. Many authors have studied different aspects of this connection over the last 20 years, and we begin this paper with a survey of the known results. We then discuss several new ways to generalize these results and obtain wavelets associated to representations of higher-rank graphs. In \cite{FGKP}, we introduced the "cubical wavelets" associated to a higher-rank graph. Here, we generalize this construction to build wavelets of arbitrary shapes. We also present a different but related construction of wavelets associated to a higher-rank graph, which we anticipate will have applications to traffic analysis on networks. Finally, we generalize the spectral graph wavelets of \cite{hammond} to higher-rank graphs, giving a third family of wavelets associated to higher-rank graphs.
Pharmacological characterization of the α 2 adrenergic receptor inhibiting mouse hippocampal CA3 epileptiform activity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

α 2 adrenergic receptor (AR) activation by epinephrine (EPI) inhibits epileptiform bursts in the mouse hippocampus. Which α 2 AR subtype(s) are involved is unclear. Pharmacological characteristics of α 2 ARs that inhibit epileptiform activity were investigated in mouse brain slices by examining AR agonists' efficacy and potency, and determining the equilibrium dissociation constants (pK b values) of selective α 2 AR antagonists. Dexmedetomidine, an imidazoline and guanfacine, a guanidine were the most potent. In contrast, the catecholamines EPI and norepinephrine were the most efficacious. Apparent pK b values calculated for selective α 2 AR antagonists correlated best with the mouse α 2A AR. EPI‐inhibited antiepileptic effects (pK b ) were competitively antagonized by atipamezole (8.79), rauwolscine (7.75), WB‐4101 (6.87), prazosin (5.71) and JP‐1302 (5.92). Transgenic α 2A AR and α 2C AR knockout mice further confirmed that the EPI‐mediated anti‐epileptic effect was through the α 2A AR subtype. The α 2A AR‐mediated inhibitory actions of EPI on hippocampal CA3 epileptiform burst frequencies were also not sex or age‐dependent. These findings suggest that the activation of α 2A AR could provide a new pharmacotherapeutic strategy for treating epilepsy and highlight the need for selective α 2A AR agonists. This project was supported by ND EPSCoR, NSF CAREER, NSF REU Site, UND REFUNDU, APS, ASPET and NIH INBRE.
PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING KEDELAI LOKAL TERHADAP KEDELAI IMPOR SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU TEMPE MELALUI PEMETAAN FISIKO-KIMIA

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The main problem encountered in the production of tempeh was its raw material, namely soybeans dominated by soybean supplied from other countries, mainly dominated by imported products from the United States. The majority of tempeh craftsmen's perception is that imported soybeans are superior to local soybeans. This is of course unfortunate because it will further aggravate the competitiveness of local soybeans. This research was conducted to explore the advantages of local soybeans, especially from the physico-chemical aspects of imported soybeans. The research objective was to map the physico-chemical properties of local and imported soybeans as raw material for tempeh. One factor trial design was used, with soybean varieties (4 local and 1 imported) as a factor. Variables observed included: antioxidant, bulk density, swelling power, plant quality, seed size, WAI, WSI, protein, yield, and density. The results obtained: 1) antioxidant : Devon 1 imported soybeans, 2) bulk density: fourth of local soybeans = imported soybeans, 3) swelling power : Argomulyo = imported soybeans, 4) quality of cooking: fourth of local soybeans imported soybeans, 5) seed size : Grobogan and Argomulyo imports, 6) WAI: Argomulyo and Demas imported soybeans, 7) WSI: Devon = imported soybeans, 8) protein: Grobogan and Detam imported soybeans, 9) density: Bromo imported soybeans, 10) extraction value: Anjasmoro, Argomulyo, and Grobogan imported soybeans.
Polyphase induction motors

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

It has been shown in chapter 1 that the polyphase induction motor can be considered as a polyphase transformer with variable frequency in the short-circuited secondary winding and an equivalent circuit can be derived per phase of the motor in the same general way as that of a transformer. It is apparent that each winding will have resistance and leakage inductance. The leakage reactance of the rotor will, however, be dependent on the frequency of the rotor current and, since the rotor frequency is Sf, the slip frequency, where S=(N S −N)/N S is the slip and f is the supply frequency, the rotor leakage reactance is given by SX2 where X2 is the standstill value of the rotor leakage reactance. Thus an equivalent circuit for the rotor can be drawn as shown in Fig. 5.1.
EFFECTS OF INBREEDING

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Weight records of a closed Ossimi flock of sheep belonging to the Animal Breeding Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Giza, covering a period of 10 years (1940–1950) were analyzed. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of inbreeding on birth weight, weaning weight and marketing weight of lambs. It has been found that inbreeding was responsible for a significant reduction in the weights of single lambs. On the other hand, the effect of inbreeding on the weights of twin lambs was not statistically significant Inbreeding of the dam had no significant effect on the weight of her offspring. Fifteen blind lambs were born during the last five years of the period of study. This defect was due to a pair of autosomal recessive genes. The frequency of this gene was estimated as 0.07.
End-Stage Renal Disease Patients with Low Serum Albumin: Is Peritoneal Dialysis an Option?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Low serum albumin is associated with high mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on chronic dialysis. Clinicians are reluctant to offer peritoneal dialysis (PD) as an option for dialysis for patients with low serum albumin due to concerns of loss of albumin with PD, but evidence supporting differences in outcomes is limited. We evaluated mortality based on dialysis modality in patients with very low serum albumin (< 2.5 g/dL). Methods We analyzed United States Renal Data System (USRDS) data from 2010 to 2015 to assess mortality by modality adjusted for age, sex, race, employment, number of comorbidities, and year of dialysis initiation. Results Low serum albumin (< 2.5 g/dL) was present in 78,625 (19.9%) of 395,656 patients with ESRD on chronic dialysis. Patients with low serum albumin were less likely to use PD as their first modality than those with higher albumin (3.1% vs 10.9%; p < 0.001). Use of PD was associated with lower mortality compared with hemodialysis (HD) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81 – 0.95, p < 0.05) in patients with low serum albumin. This difference was more pronounced in patients who had glomerulonephritis (HR = 0.72) or hypertension (HR = 0.81) than in those with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to diabetes mellitus or other causes. Conclusion Peritoneal dialysis is less likely to be the first dialysis modality in patients with low serum albumin requiring dialysis. However, PD is associated with lower mortality than HD in patients with low serum albumin on dialysis. We recommend advocating the use of PD in patients with low serum albumin.
Density Control over MBD2 Receptor-Coated Surfaces Provides Superselective Binding of Hypermethylated DNA

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Using the biomarker hypermethylated DNA (hmDNA) for cancer detection requires a pretreatment to isolate or concentrate hmDNA from nonmethylated DNA. Affinity chromatography using a methyl binding domain-2 (MBD2) protein can be used, but the relatively low enrichment selectivity of MBD2 limits its clinical applicability. Here, we developed a superselective, multivalent, MBD2-coated platform to improve the selectivity of hmDNA enrichment. The multivalent platform employs control over the MBD2 surface receptor density, which is shown to strongly affect the binding of DNA with varying degrees of methylation, improving both the selectivity and the affinity of DNAs with higher numbers of methylation sites. Histidine-10-tagged MBD2 was immobilized on gold surfaces with receptor density control by tuning the amount of nickel nitrilotriacetic acid (NiNTA)-functionalized thiols in a thiol-based self-assembled monolayer. The required MBD2 surface receptor densities for DNA surface binding decreases for DNA with higher degrees of methylation. Both higher degrees of superselectivity and surface coverages were observed upon DNA binding at increasing methylation levels. Adopting the findings of this study into hmDNA enrichment of clinical samples has the potential to become more selective and sensitive than current MBD2-based methods and, therefore, to improve cancer diagnostics.
Reading Crime through a Gender Lens: Intersections of Shame, Women's Alcohol Consumption and Sexual Vulnerability in a Crime Novel by Sarah Lotz

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The representation of rape in crime fiction enables readers and scholars to consider issues of women's sexual victimisation and agency. Alcohol consumption plays a significant role in a large proportion of rape cases. When women are sexually assaulted after they had been drinking, shame shapes the ways in which the women, as well as society at large, engage with the sexual violence. This article explores how Sarah Lotz represents the gendered intersections of shame, women's drinking and sexual vulnerability in her crime novel, Exhibit A. The analysis reveals how shame operates to discredit and silence a female character in the aftermath of sexual assault by blaming her for her own victimisation.
Kualitas Pelayanan Yang Berdampak Pada Kepuasan Pelanggan

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research aims to examine the influence of service quality dimension, namelytangible (physical evidence), reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy,on the statisfaction of customers at the payment counters for electricity, water, andonline telephone services of Mitra Sumatera 008 Stabat. The population of this study consists of customers. The research sample consist of 30 respondents selectedusing Non- Probability sampling technique with an Accidental Sampling approach.This approach selects respondents based on chance encounters with the researcherand considered suitable to be included as samples. The analysis results indicatethat the indicators are valid and the variables are reliable, thus they can be used for further analysis. In testing the classical assumptions, no issues ofmulticollinearity (high correlation between independent variables). heteroscedasticity (unequal residual variances), or non-normal distribution of residuals were found. This indicates that the regression model used satisfies the classical assumptions. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the dimension of service quality, namely tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, have a significant influence on the satisfaction of customers
Storytelling and narrative tools in award-winning advertisements in Turkey: an interdisciplinary approach

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Traditional marketing strategies are now no longer seen as effective in communicating with today's sophisticated groups. Today, companies employ knowledge from disciplines other than marketing – such as psychology, neuroscience, and linguistics – when communicating with their target audience. In this study, the content analysis method is used to analyse Effie Turkey gold award-winning advertisements in order to determine the storytelling elements used in advertisements. In order to show the increasing use of storytelling elements in advertisements, the 2011–2013 and 2017–2018 award winning advertisements are studied. The analysis reveals that seven basic plots are used extensively in advertisements to create empathy. We also analysed the archetypes used in the advertisements, and found that the caregiver type is the most commonly used archetype, followed by Jung's explorer type. According to the findings of this study, among all aspects of language syntactic structure seems to play the most important role.
Synthesis of exo-(7-bicyclo[4.1.0]heptyl)oxirane and exo-7-vinylbicyclo[4.1.0]heptane

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of exo-(7-bicyclo[4.1.0]heptyl)oxirane and exo-7-vinylbicyclo[4.1.0]heptaneShlomo Bien and Josef SegalCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 24, 3983–3984Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00444a052https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00444a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Introduction

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter begins with an introduction to Digital Humanities (DH) and outlines its development since c.1949. It demonstrates that the application of computing to cultural heritage has been ongoing for some 70 years yet the histories of DH have, until recently, remained mostly unwritten. After exploring some of the particular difficulties that attend any attempt to write such histories the approach that we have taken in this book is explained in detail. We close by asking why histories of DH are needed and essential to undertake.
Thinking across Borders and Boundaries- Separation and Interaction between Palestinian and Isrealis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Increasing immigration flows, neo-liberal policies and new global threats, such as terrorism, result in a collective feeling of ontological insecurity. A physical and psychological insecurity can strengthen the desire to belong to a specific social category or group. This insecurity can lead to a conflict where one must protect their existence or status against a perceived threat. There is a natural exigency of the Other to reflect/mirror ourselves. In which groups use narratives to build a physical and/or nonphysical line, which go into constructing a collective identity. The framework of borders and boundaries shows the complexity of human organization in a conflict area