jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Assessment of chronic myeloid leukemia patients' adherence with “tyrosine kinase inhibitors” in King Abdulaziz Medical City

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

CONTEXT: Worldwide, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) accounts for 15% of all leukemia types. CML treatment and outcome has improved dramatically from the average survival of 3–5 years in the past to almost normal life expectancy with the new targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Compliance of CML patients with oral TKIs is a medically challenging issue preventing achieving a favorable outcome. AIMS: The aim of this study is to assess CML patients' adherence to treatment in King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This is a prospective, observational study that includes all patients diagnosed with CML in KAMC-Riyadh (KAMC-R) where patients were interviewed before receiving TKI prescription and during a subsequent visit. Consent, demographics, and medication data were obtained in the first encounter. Compliance and reasons for noncompliance were assessed using pill count methods during the second visit. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. RESULTS: A total of 63 CML patients are followed and treated in KAMC-R at the time of conducting this study. Sixteen patients were excluded from the study due to either loss of follow-up or using a non-TKI treatment option. The study was conducted on 47 patients; male:female ratio was 20 (40%):28 (60%). The mean age was 51 years (range 23–76 years). Twenty-four patients (51%) were fully compliant to the TKIs while 23 patients (49%) were not compliant. The study reported three main reasons for noncompliance, drug toxicity in 7 patients (30%), forgetfulness in 7 patients (30%), and ignorance in 2 patients (9%). CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study assessing compliance of CML patients with TKIs among Saudi population. Noncompliance with TKIs is a major health-care problem affecting the outcome of treatment. Stressing on patient education before and during TKIs treatment might improve the compliance.
Collage in Twenty-First-Century Literature in English: Art of Crisis

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Collage in Twenty-First-Century Literature in English: Art of Crisis considers the phenomenon of the continued relevance of collage, a form established over a hundred years ago, to contemporary literature. It argues that collage is a perfect artistic vehicle to represent the crisis-ridden reality of the twenty-first-century. Being a mixture of fragmentary incompatible voices, collage embodies the chaos of the media-dominated world. Examining the artistic, sociopolitical and personal crises addressed in contemporary collage literature, the book argues that the 21st Century has brought a revival of collage-like novels and essays.
A Study on the Effect of Unit Design for Patient-Centered Care on Family Members and Caregivers - A Case Study of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for Patient-Centered Care in the United States

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose: The main objective of this paper is, to evaluate the unit design for patient-centered care and to draw lessons-learned for further improvement. Methods: This study conducted a case study of the intensive care unit, designed to fulfill patient-centered care in the US. It evaluated the effectiveness of the unit by incorporating several study methods such as plan analyses, direct observations through nursing tracking and behavior mapping, and focus group interviews. Results: The major design decision made in this patient-centered unit was the use of patient rooms with designated family areas and distributed nursing stations. Both design features appeared to be a success on a variety of research metrics and outcomes. The study identified that the patient rooms ultimately help family members to spent more time with their loved ones, which leads to increased satisfaction of family members and nurses also report that they generally enjoy the distributed nurses' stations, which provide a comfortable environment to complete their regular lines of work such as charting, monitoring patients, and collaborating with their colleagues. Implications: Certain design features in intensive care units such as patient rooms with designated family areas and distributed nursing stations could appropriately support hospitals to fulfill patient-centered care.
Intravenous Immunoglobulins Modulate Neutrophil Activation and Vascular Injury Through FcγRIII and SHP-1

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Rationale: Intravascular neutrophil recruitment and activation are key pathogenic factors that contribute to vascular injury. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been shown to have a beneficial effect in systemic inflammatory disorders; however, the mechanisms underlying IVIG's inhibitory effect on neutrophil recruitment and activation are not understood. Objective: We studied the mechanisms by which IVIG exerts protection from neutrophil-mediated acute vascular injury. Methods and Results: We examined neutrophil behavior in response to IVIG in vivo, using real-time intravital microscopy. We found that an antibody that blocks both FcγRIII and its inhibitory receptor counterpart, FcγRIIB, abrogated the inhibitory effect of IVIG on leukocyte recruitment and heterotypic red blood cell (RBC) interactions with adherent leukocytes in wild-type mice. In the context of sickle cell disease, the blockade of both FcγRIIB and III abrogated the protective effect of IVIG on acute vaso-occlusive crisis caused by neutrophil recruitment and activation. Analysis of FcγRIIB- and FcγRIII-deficient mice revealed the predominant expression of FcγRIII on circulating neutrophils. FcγRIII mediated IVIG-triggered inhibition of leukocyte recruitment, circulating RBC capture, and enhanced Mac-1 activity, whereas FcγRIIB was dispensable. In addition, FcγRIII-induced IVIG anti-inflammatory activity in neutrophils was mediated by recruitment of Src homology 2 (SH2)-containing tyrosine phosphatase-1 (SHP-1). Indeed, the protective effect of IVIG on leukocyte recruitment and activation was abrogated in SHP-1-mutant mice. Conclusions: FcγRIII, a classic activating receptor, has an unexpected inhibitory role on neutrophil adhesion and activation via recruitment of SHP-1 in response to IVIG. Our results identify SHP-1 as a therapeutic target in neutrophil-mediated vascular injury.
An analysis of hot spots of ESRD in the United States: Potential presence of CKD of unknown origin in the USA?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We hypothesized that high incidence rates of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in certain counties of the U.S. are partly due to patients with a type of ESRD resembling chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu), which has been observed in Central America and other countries. Using data on 338,126 incident ESRD patients from the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) (2011 - 2013) and the Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Supplement on county-level variables (2006), we describe both patient-level and county-level characteristics in counties with the highest quartile of ESRD incidence rate standardized for age, sex, and race (> 420 cases/million population/year) compared to the rest of the U.S. and two specific "hotspots" of ESRD: the San Joaquin Valley and the Rio Grande Valley. Logistic regression was used to examine characteristics associated with patients who had either missing cause of ESRD or "unknown" listed as the primary cause of ESRD. High incidence rates of ESRD were observed in southern Texas, the Southeast and parts of California (including the San Joaquin valley area), while low rates were seen in the Northwest and the Mountain Regions. The median crude incidence rate of ESRD was 335 (range 0 - 2,341) new cases per million population per year among counties. Significant predictors of missing/unknown primary cause of ESRD included: older age, white or unknown race, non-Hispanic ethnicity, lack of comorbidities at ESRD onset, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at initiation, and lack of pre-dialysis care. Large areas of the U.S. have very high rates of ESRD incidence. We cannot confirm that CKDu is present in the U.S. based on this preliminary work. This topic therefore requires further investigation, as many of these patients may well be undocumented aliens working as farm laborers and therefore not registered in the USRDS. .
Studies on the Texture of Cooked Rice : II. Effects of kernel size, apparent quality of brown rice and degree of kernel maturation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Effects of kernel size, apparent quality of brown rice and grain maturity on the texture of cooked rice were investigated using a General Foods Texturometer. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Primary parameters of texture such as hardness, adhesiveness and viscousness which are shown as the strength of force or the amount of work were sharply affected by the size of the test kernel, although the other primary parameters were not affected (Table 1). And it was revealed that the degree of these effects were just proportional to the kernel weight of test rice. Consequently, revising of texture value in consideration of the kernel weight was thought to be necessary for an accurate measurement of rice texture. 2. Rice texture was also affected by apparent quality of brown rice from which the test rice had been made. Cooked rice from white belly kernels and white core kernels showed lower values of stickiness and the textural palatability index (TPI) as compared with normal perfect kernels. Green kernels and rusty kernels were a little low in hardness and chewiness, though they showed rather high values in stickiness. Thus their TPI values were not inferior to the perfect kernels (Table 2). 3. Texture values markedly changed with the progress of maturation (Fig. 1-3). Values of hardness and chewiness were very high at the early stage of ripening, but they were rapidly decreased with maturity. On the other hand, adhesiveness, viscousness and stickiness increased during maturation, and showed their peak values at the right stage of maturity. Overripening seemed to increase the values of hardness and chewiness and decrease those of adhesiveness, viscousness and stickiness. TPI, therefore, were almost the highest at the right time of maturation (Fig. 4). Above results suggest that harvest of rice should be done at the right time of grain maturation to secure the palatability of cooked rice.
Between Modernisms

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter discusses the history of transition, the last important exile magazine of the interwar period and one of the most important magazines of its generation. In its 11-year publishing run, transition appeared in 25 issues averaging 200 pages each. With 500 contributors coming from all over the world, transition offered contributions ranging from literature to music, drawing, painting, sculpture, architecture, philosophy, ethnology, linguistics, cinema, and photography. Many literary and artistic avant-gardes found their way into its pages, the most represented being Anglo-American modernism, Surrealism, Expressionism, Dadaism, but also early-nineteenth-century German Romanticism. Throughout its life, the magazine was faithful to its first editorial statement claiming that ‘contributions will be welcomed from all sources and the fact that an author's name is unknown will assure his manuscript a more favourable examination’.
Research on the Development Planning of Tropical Forest Tourism Products in Sanya

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Fully understanding the background of the development of forest tourism,this paper expounded the characteristics and requirement of current forest tourism development in Sanya. According to the present situation of forest tourism resources characteristics,this article put forward the general ideas about forest tourism product development in Sanya. At the same time,relyed on existing resources distribution of forest tourism resources in Sanya,this paper constructed the forest tourism products system,discussed the tentative plan for forest tourism products,expecting to provide reference for the forest tourism development in Sanya.
Studies on the Alkaloids of Magnoliaceous Plants. XX

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Tetramethylmagnolamine (-, -) (XI) was synthesized by the Ullmann reaction of l-6′-bromolaudanosine (IX) and l-armepavine (X), and it was proved that this synthesized base is the optical antipode of the natural tetramethylmagnolamine (+, +). It was thereby established that the structure of magnolamine itself and the optical rotation of its two asymmetric centers are represented by the structural formula (XII).
Placentation in the African elephant, Loxodonta africana. I. Endocrinological aspects.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Placental and fetal tissues were recovered from the uteri of 59 pregnant elephant that ranged in estimated age from day 18 to month 21 of gestation. Incubation of placenta and fetal gonad, alone or in combination, with tritium-labelled cholesterol, pregnenolone and androstenedione failed to yield any labelled progestagens or oestrogens from placenta, but did produce small amounts of labelled progesterone and 5alpha-dihydroprogesterone from fetal gonad. Immunochemical staining of tissues with four antisera specific for enzymes involved in the steroidogenic pathway revealed no staining in sections of placenta but positive labelling for P450 side chain cleavage enzyme (SCC450) and 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3beta-HSD) of the interstitial cells that comprise the bulk of the enlarged fetal gonads during the second half of gestation. Saline extracts of placental tissue showed no activity in three different gonadotrophin assays. In view of this endocrinological inactivity in the zonary elephant placenta and the probable reliance on maternal luteal sources of progestagens for maintenance of the pregnant state, the argument is advanced that uncomplicated abortion would probably follow a single administration of a PGF analogue given at any stage of pregnancy. If so, the treatment might constitute an efficacious method for controlling population increases in elephants maintained in enclosed game parks in Africa.
Primary Hyperparathyroidism Revealed by a Brown Tumor: A Series of 9 Cases

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Brown tumors are bone manifestations of hyperparathyroidism (HPT). They usually occur in severe forms accompanied by signs of periosteal bone resorption. Their treatment mainly relies on parathyroidectomy. We report a series of 9 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism revealed by a brown tumor. These clinical cases highlight the importance of phosphocalcic assessment in the presence of any bone swelling suggestive of a brown tumor.
Cash Waqf Fundrising: The Glaring Gap in Marketing Communication Practice of BWI (Indonesian Waqf Board)

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and discuss what is missing in cash waqf interest of Indonesian Muslim society. The study reveals several factors that affect less of cash waqf revenue including lack of information, less knowledge and media promotions factors. The paper outlines some of the communication pattern (promotion) that should be manifested in a waqf fund manager, particularly BWI such as being more proactive, approaching society through Islamic lecture, and do more advertisement. Finally, the paper highlights some of the communication issues that seem to be common between managing cash waqf and other business organizations such as marketing communication, promoting waqf fund manager GCGs, identifying potential waqif, or do more advertising. Descriptive, analytical, and qualitative analyses are used as methodology. The paper provides insights into management of cash waqf for Waqf boards or waqf fund managers and volunteers, enabling them to work more effectively to reach the target of cash waqf revenue by evaluating their communication pattern
Effect of antimicrobial peptide conjugated surgical sutures on multiple drug-resistant microorganisms

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Surgical site infections are commonly encountered as a risk factor in clinics that increase the morbidity of a patient after a surgical operation. Surgical sutures are one of the leading factor for the formation of surgical site infections that induce bacterial colonization by their broad surface area. Current strategies to overcome with surgical site infections consist utilization of antibiotic agent coatings such as triclosan. However, the significant increase in antibiotic resistance majorly decreases their efficiency against recalcitrant pathogens such as; Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, the development of a multi drug-resistant antimicrobial suture without any cytotoxic effect to combat surgical site infections is vital. Antimicrobial peptides are the first defense line which has a broad range of spectrum against Gram-positive, and Gram-negative bacteria and even viruses. In addition, antimicrobial peptides have a rapid killing mechanism which is enhanced by membrane disruption and inhibition of functional proteins in pathogens without the development of antimicrobial resistance. In the scope of the current study, the antimicrobial effect of antimicrobial peptide conjugated poly (glycolic acid-co-caprolactone) (PGCL) sutures were investigated against P. aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains by using antimicrobial peptide sequences of KRFRIRVRV-NH 2 , RWRWRWRW-NH 2 and their dual combination (1:1). In addition, in vitro wound scratch assays were performed to evaluate the effect of antimicrobial peptide conjugated sutures on keratinocyte cell lines. Our results indicated that antimicrobial peptide modified sutures could be a potential novel medical device to overcome surgical site infections by the superior acceleration of wound healing.
High-brilliance home-lab X-ray sources: status and future

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Modern microfocus X-ray sources define the state-of-the-art for a number of applications such as protein crystallography and small-angle scattering in the home lab.These sources have small source sizes of 100 µm or smaller.They are usually combined with multilayer mirrors as beam-shaping devices that image the source spot onto the sample position, magnified to a suitable size, and deliver a parallel or focused monochromatic beam.Microfocusing rotating anode systems deliver flux densities in the range of 10 11 photons/(s mm 2 ) at power loads of up to 20 kW/mm 2 when combined with synthetic multilayer mirrors [1].However, these sources are expensive, and need regular and sometimes time-consuming maintenance.Low power microfocus sealed tube sources such as the Incoatec Microfocus Source "IµS" represent an interesting low-maintenance alternative to rotating anode generators.Power loads of several kW/mm 2 in anode spot sizes of ≤ 50 µm deliver a small and highly brilliant beam [2].The IµS delivers a flux density of up to 10 10 photons/(s mm 2 ) in a focused beam (FWHM = 0.11 mm, 7.6 mrad) suitable for most protein crystals.Emerging microfocus X-ray sources based on liquid-metal-jet technologies show even higher power loads up to 500 kW/mm 2 , an order of magnitude higher than possible with solid target sources, and intensities up to 10 12 photons/(s mm 2 ) together with a relatively low power consumption and reduced maintenance [3].We will present selected results from several microfocus source systems to demonstrate their potential for crystallography and small-angle scattering.
Farmer satisfaction to dairy cattle cooperative business in Banyumas District, Central Java

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study aims to examine the farmers' satisfaction to the cooperative services, and the effects of cooperative businesses on cooperative dairy farmer member. The study was conducted in six groups of dairy farmers, in total 30 farmers were selected as respondents. Farmers were selected using two stages cluster method. Primary and secondary data from cooperative dairy business unit and the farmers were analysed using descriptive analysis. Result showed that unsatisfied were occurred to the cooperative because milk price reason, then reduces farmer motivation. However, the member dependency on cooperative services is generally quite high. The ownership of cattle in each farmer was relatively small made the dependency of cooperative service in accordance to develop their business. Moreover, results also revealing the fact that dairy farming business owned by cooperative members did not significant develop over last five years, especially from the point of view the number of cattle owned.
A Biomechanical Evaluation of All-Inside 2-Stitch Meniscal Repair Devices With Matched Inside-Out Suture Repair

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Many all-inside suture-based devices are currently available, including the Meniscal Cinch, FasT-Fix, Ultra FasT-Fix, RapidLoc, MaxFire, and CrossFix System. These different devices have been compared in various configurations, but to our knowledge, the Sequent meniscal repair device, which applies running sutures, has not been compared with the Ultra FasT-Fix, nor has it been compared with its suture, No. 0 Hi-Fi, using an inside-out repair technique. Purpose: To assess the quality of the meniscal repair, all new devices should be compared with the gold standard: the inside-out repair. To that end, this study aims to compare the biomechanical characteristics of running sutures delivered by the Sequent meniscal repair device with 2 vertical mattress sutures applied using the Ultra FasT-Fix device and with 2 vertical mattress sutures using an inside-out repair technique with No. 0 Hi-Fi suture. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Paired (medial and lateral), fresh-frozen porcine menisci were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: Sequent (n = 17), Ultra FasT-Fix (n = 19), and No. 0 Hi-Fi inside-out repair (n = 20). Bucket-handle tears were created in all menisci and were subjected to repair according to their grouping. Once repaired, the specimens were subjected to cyclic loading (100, 300, and 500 cycles), followed by loading to failure. Results: The Sequent and Ultra FasT-Fix device repairs and the suture repair exhibited low initial displacements. The Sequent meniscal repair device demonstrated the lowest displacement in response to cyclic loading. No. 0 Hi-Fi suture yielded the highest load to failure. Conclusion: With the development of the next generation of all-inside meniscal repair devices, surgeons may use these findings to select the method best suited for their patients. Clinical Relevance: The Sequent meniscal repair device displays the least amount of displacement during cyclic loading but has a similar failure load to other devices.
EFFECTS OF EXTERNAL STIMULATION ON THE DOMESTIC CHICK'S CAPACITY TO STAND AND WALK

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

External conditions affecting the rate at which the domestic chick gets up on to its toes and walks in the hours immediately following hatching were investigated. Five groups of chicks were tested; four groups were kept after hatching under different conditions (with or without other chicks, under different light conditions and under different conditions of restriction), and one group was hatched under different conditions: each egg was stimulated artificially so that the chick hatched early. The results showed that the last group developed most slowly. The group reared in the light and with other chicks attained the normal chick posture most rapidly, and was followed next in sequence by chicks reared in the light but in isolation. Chicks kept in the incubator until the time of testing developed more slowly. It is concluded that external stimulation can contribute towards, or retard, the development of this behaviour.