jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Threatening as a sociocultural–conceptual communicative act

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The present article revisits threatening discourses from the perspectives of anthropological linguistics, Cultural Linguistics, speech act theory and pragmatics. On the basis of linguistic data from 11th‐century Britain (Old English), 14th‐century Norway (Old Norse), 19th‐century Ireland (Early Modern Irish English and Modern Irish), 20th‐century Hong Kong (Hong Kong English) as well as 21st century South Africa (Black South African English), the discussion establishes verbal threats as socio‐pragmatic modes of action, that is, commissives that come as both illocutionary and perlocutionary acts. The main aim of the article is to elaborate on the central role that sociocultural norms and conventions play in the enregisterment of threat in a speech community at a given point in time. The article contributes to the development of forensic–linguistic threat assessment through a stronger focus on the sociocultural embeddedness of threatening discourses.
Financial Flexibility as an Investment Efficiency Factor in Asian Companies

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study explores the impact of a company’s financial flexibility on the effectiveness of its investments.The number of companies that have financial flexibility was calculated with the application of thespare debt capacity method. The research identifies the impact of financial flexibility on investment activity and on the level of suboptimal investments. The data from 1,736 companies in theAsian region, during the 2005-2015time period, are presented. The Asian region has unique institutional, economic and commercial environments that present a great basis for this paper. The results of the research reveal that financially flexible companies spend more on their investment expenditure and conduct more effective investment policiesby reducing the level of over- and underinvestment. Financial flexibility helps companies to make effective investments during a crisis period, but the difference in the flexibility between developed and developing countries and between large and small companies was not observed.
Host plant specificity of Hyalesthes obsoletus and consequences for “bois noir ” epidemiology

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The complex epidemiological system of grapevine “bois noir ” (BN) consists of stolbur (16SrXII-A) phytoplasma associated with the disease, the vectoring planthopper Hyalesthes obsoletus, and wild herbaceous host plants of the pathogen and the vector. Se-vere outbreaks of BN that occurred in Germany since 2004 are assumed to be related to the exploitation of a new host plant by the vector and the spread of a host-specific type of the phytoplasma. This paper confirms the association of tuf-type I of the BN phy-toplasma with the recent BN outbreaks in Germany and the restriction of different BN-types to specific host plants. Mitochondrial DNA analysis of H. obsoletus from different European countries and Israel demonstrated a recent demographic expansion and circum-alpine immigration of H. obsoletus to Germany, and RAPD analysis revealed differences between host plant populations. Key words: “Bois noir”, phytoplasma, epidemiology, vector, host races.
Evaluation of a new CENPB epitope array for systemic sclerosis-associated centromere autoantibodies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA). The ANA classically detected in SSc include anticentromere antibodies (ACA) which are positive in 50-60% of the patients. The centromere protein CENPB is a major autoantigen reactive with SSc sera showing a typical immunofluorescence staining pattern. Previously, epitopes on CENPB were identified in the N-terminal (Nt) and C-terminal (Ct) domains of the autoantigen and this form the rationale for an specific multi-parallel detection of CENPB epitopes in SSc. Using recombinant CENPB Nt and Ct domains we have developed a new fluorescent array immunoassay for ACA detection in SSc patients. 81 sera from patients with SSc, SLE and normal controls were evaluated. From 27 ACA positive sera tested, 25 were CENPB positive by ECL blot techniques. Among them our fluorescent array showed 23 Nt-CENPB and 12 Ct-CENPB positives. 10 Ct-CENPB were also Nt-CENPB positive by the array assay. 13 Nt-CENPB were Ct-CENPB negative and only 2 Ct-CENPB positive sera were Nt-CENPB negative. This result shows a prevalence of Nt-CENPB epitope over Ct-CENPB in ACA positive SSc patients. The CENPB fluorescent array developed has good agreement with conventional techniques for selected ACA and has the advantage of multi-parallel detection of CENPB autoepitopes in SSc. © 2013 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
Diptychs and Supplicants: Precedents and Contexts of Fifteenth-Century Devotional Diptychs

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Diptychs and Supplicants: Precedents and Contexts of Fifteenth-Century Devotional DiptychsVictor M. SchmidtEssays in Context: Unfolding the Netherlandish DiptychIN THIS CONTRIBUTION, I intend to survey the main characteristics of diptychs in European panel painting before 1400 and to discuss some functions of portraits of supplicants in various media. My aim is to provide some context for the devotional diptychs in early Netherlandish and...AuthorVictor M. SchmidtPublisherHarvard Art MuseumsCopyright© 2006 by President and Fellows of Harvard CollegeRelated print edition pages: pp.15-25 https://doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00045.005 Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-18130Copy Chapter subject tags:Panel painting, Northern EuropeanArt, MedievalChristian art and symbolismArt and religion
Energy Requirement for Cutting Corn Stalks (Single Cross 704 Var.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Corn is cultivated in most countries because of high consumption, quality and food value. This study evaluated survey needed energy for cutting corn stems in different levels of cutting height and moisture content. For this reason test device fabricated and then calibrated. The device works on the principle of conservation of energy. The results were analyzed using split plot design and SAS software. The results showed effect of height and moisture content and their interaction effect on cutting energy are significant (P<1%) but their interaction was not significant. The highest cutting energy was 3.22 kJ in 63 (w.b.%) moisture content and the minimum cutting energy was 1.63 kJ in 83.25 (w.b.%) moisture content.
Cutaneous non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections in the outpatient setting: presentation of a case, review of the literature, and therapeutic considerations.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Mycobacterial infections are not common issues for many dermatologists. Recognition and treatment of these infections are frequently delayed by incorrect diagnoses. Frequently, the diagnosis of a mycobacterial infection is hampered by coinfection with bacteria including Staphylococcus. In some instances, patients will have infections with both mycobacteria and Staphylococcus. For some patients, as was the case with the patient reported herein, a biopsy is required to establish an accurate diagnosis. Physicians need to keep an open mind when presented with cutaneous infections and consider mycobacterial infections for patients that do not improve with standard antibacterial medications.
A Soft Robotic Gripper With Neutrally Buoyant Jamming Pads for Gentle Yet Secure Grasping of Underwater Objects

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Delicate grasping of complex diverse objects is a challenging task for underwater vehicles, such as remotely operated vehicles (ROVs). In this article, a novel controllably compliant soft robotic underwater gripper is presented, which uses two neutrally buoyant particle jamming pads to safely and securely grasp arbitrarily shaped objects, including fragile and/or massive targets. Antagonistic low-friction rolling diaphragm hydraulic cylinders are used to control the compliance of the jaw closure to passively limit the total force applied during the approach. The antagonistic hydraulic cylinders also compensate for the volume reduction of the pads during the jamming process while still enabling rigid grasp during manipulation. Soft finger-like fiber-reinforced actuators are used to maintain the shape of pads without introducing rigid elements. Force limitation is demonstrated by the ability to pick up fragile objects without breakage and to surround soft targets without excessive deformation of the object. We present the overall design, experimental setup, and in-water testing using a compact ROV-based hydraulic drive system. The resulting system has demonstrated capability for grasping a diverse range of objects that vary widely in terms of weight, size, and geometry, largely enabled by the hybrid design of soft grippers guiding jamming pads into optimal configurations.
The Ability of Terrestrial Mollusks of Moscow Oblast to Feed on Invasive Species of the Genus Solidago (S. canadensis and S. gigantea)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Invasive species have to overcome the biotic resistance of the environment for successful distribution in the secondary range; this resistance can be effectively made by unspecialized phytophages. We carried out a series of laboratory experiments on studying the ability of generalist phytophages, such as terrestrial mollusks, to feed on invasive goldenrod species (Solidago canadensis L. and S. gigantea Aiton). A significant number of terrestrial mollusks of six species were found on the stems and leaves of goldenrods; however, the results of laboratory experiments have shown that most of them cannot consume this plant as food, and Fruticicola fruticum (O.F. Müller) (Bradybaenidae) and Deroceras sp. (Agriolimacidae) do not choose goldenrod when there are other alternatives, although they can potentially feed on goldenrod. Therefore, snails and slugs in natural populations have a negligible effect on the vital activity of S. canadensis and S. gigantea and cannot suppress the expansion of these species.
Histopathological Image Diagnosis for Breast Cancer Diagnosis Based on Deep Mutual Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Every year, millions of women across the globe are diagnosed with breast cancer (BC), an illness that is both common and potentially fatal. To provide effective therapy and enhance patient outcomes, it is essential to make an accurate diagnosis as soon as possible. In recent years, deep-learning (DL) approaches have shown great effectiveness in a variety of medical imaging applications, including the processing of histopathological images. Using DL techniques, the objective of this study is to recover the detection of BC by merging qualitative and quantitative data. Using deep mutual learning (DML), the emphasis of this research was on BC. In addition, a wide variety of breast cancer imaging modalities were investigated to assess the distinction between aggressive and benign BC. Based on this, deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have been established to assess histopathological images of BC. In terms of the Break His-200×, BACH, and PUIH datasets, the results of the trials indicate that the level of accuracy achieved by the DML model is 98.97%, 96.78, and 96.34, respectively. This indicates that the DML model outperforms and has the greatest value among the other methodologies. To be more specific, it improves the results of localization without compromising the performance of the classification, which is an indication of its increased utility. We intend to proceed with the development of the diagnostic model to make it more applicable to clinical settings.
Pengaruh kebijakan otonomi daerah terhadap penanaman modal asing di Provinsi Jawa Tengah periode 2008-2011 = Impact of regional autonomy policy of foreign direct investment in the Province of Central Java 2008=2011

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

International Relations can be one way for a country to prosper the people. As stipulated in the 1945 constitution Indonesian government's goal is to accommodate the welfare of Indonesian people. During this study of International Relations with a narrow perspective. Where is the science of international relations is only used to determine the steps by one country against another country, but the International Relations science is very broad. In the application of the science of IR, the actor who plays a role in an international relations not only the state but also the other actors, international organizations, government structures in the country itself up to the individual. The world is experiencing the euphoria with the development of communication technology that directly affect globalization. Globalization and flourished at a time, globalization is not just dwell on the issue of trade and information only. Globalization can be a sosialyang phenomenon can be exploited to expand the welfare state for its population. Increased globalization has also made international trade increases. With the increase in international trade is the way it is,it’susual for foreign direct investment now become one of the hot topics discussed in International Relations. Foreign Direct Investment is one of the factor that can improve countries welfare level. World Economic condition are getting better after hit by financial crisis in 2008. For developing country FDI is very needed to raise the peoples welfare and to strengthen country economic. Indonesia government that represent by the regional government authority assist the country objective to obtain foreign direct investment as much as possible. Regional autonomy policy can become one of the pull factors of the upcoming FDI. Data collection was done by using the literature and in-depth interviews with representatives of the Board of Investment and International Cooperation Bureau of the Central Java Provinces. Data obtained using analysis of validity and reliability. Data analysis was performed based on content analysis (content analysis). From the results of this study explored the policy generated by regional autonomy will affect the foreign investment. Policy autonomy could provide additional incentive for foreign investors and may provide the potential for promotion in the area.
Investigating the Impact of Earth Tubes in an Earthship

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a sensitivity analysis that explores the impact of design and operational factors on the performance of ‘earth tubes’ as a ‘passive’ cooling and heating strategy built into an Earthship dwelling located in South Australia. Earth tubes are pipes buried underground acting as heat exchangers to deliver fresh air to the internal spaces, which is cooled in summer and warmed in winter. The results show that the air flow and temperature in the earth tubes was sensitive to how the dwelling was being operated. Through simulations, the ideal scenarios of operating the dwelling in summer and winter in this location as well as in the climate where the Earthship concept was invented, i.e. Taos, New Mexico, are reported. Lessons learned from the study will help those who consider implementing earth tubes in their buildings.
Up-regulation of PER3 Expression Is Correlated with Better Clinical Outcome in Acute Leukemia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Altered expression of circadian clock genes has been linked to various types of cancer. This study aimed to investigate whether these genes are also altered in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL).The expression profiles of nine circadian clock genes of peripheral blood (PB) leukocytes from patients with newly-diagnosed AML (n=41), ALL (n=23) and healthy individuals (n=51) were investigated.In AML, the expression of period 1 (PER1), period 2 (PER2), period 3 (PER3), cryptochrome 1 (CRY1), cryptochrome 2 (CRY2), brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT)-like 1 (BMAL1), and timeless (TIM) was significantly down-regulated, while that of CK1ε was significantly up-regulated. In ALL, the expression of PER3 and CRY1 was significantly down-regulated, whereas those of CK1ε and TIM were significantly up-regulated. Recovery of PER3 expression was observed in both patients with AML and those with ALL who achieved remission but not in patients who relapsed after treatment.Circadian clock genes are altered in patients with acute leukemia and up-regulation of PER3 is correlated with a better clinical outcome.
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Power System Stability Improvement of Long Transmission Line

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Power system stability is defined as the ability of power system to preserve it’s steady stability or recover the initial steady state after any deviation of the system’s operation. This paper will discuss how SVC has successfully been applied to control dynamic performance of transmission system and regulate the system voltage effectively. Present time power systems are being operated nearer to their stability limits due to economic and environmental reasons. Maintaining a stable and secure operation of a powersystem is therefore a very important and challenging issue. Shunt FACTS devices play an important role in improving the transient stability, increasing transmission capacity and damping low frequency oscillations. In this paper shunt FACTS device-SVC is used in a two area power system for improving the power system stability. MATLAB software has been used in this study.
AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION TO ONE-DIMENSIONAL THERMAL CONDUCTION-CONVECTION IN SOIL

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The equation of one-dimensional thermal conduction and convection in soil is solved analytically by applying the traditional harmonic method (HM) and the Laplace transform method (LTM). A simple method to determine accurate values of soil heat diffusivity and liquid water flux density is given. Using this method, we determined the soil thermal diffusivity, k = 0.85 × 10−6 m2 s−1, and liquid water flux density, W = 4.3 × 10−6 m3 s−1 m−2, for the Naqu site in the summer of 1998. An experimental evaluation of the proposed methods is also given.
Characterising the behaviour of poorly water soluble drugs in the intestine: application of biorelevant media for solubility, dissolution and transport studies

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Objectives Based on the knowledge of human intestinal fluids, compositions of biorelevant media and their impact on solubility, dissolution and permeability studies of poorly soluble drug compounds are discussed. Key findings Human intestinal fluids show large variations with regard to composition and pH, which complicate the selection of biorelevant media. The influence of concentration and ratio of bile salts, phospholipids and hydrolysis products, such as monoglycerides and free fatty acids, in well characterised media, on the solubility, dissolution and permeability of a given drug provides valuable information on the behaviour of the drug in the intestine, thus enabling the prediction of the in-vivo absorption. Summary This review discusses the implications of biorelevant media composition on the solubility, dissolution and permeability of poorly soluble drug compounds. Biorelevant media contain bile salts and phospholipids and when simulating the fed state also monoglycerides and free fatty acids. Solubility of some poorly soluble drugs increase independently of the type of surfactants included in the biorelevant media, while others have a higher solubility in monoglyceride- and fatty acid-containing media. This is independent of the log P (the octanol–water partition coefficient) of the drug. The use of biorelevant dissolution media improves the correlation to in-vivo data, compared with compendial media, and although the field of permeability studies is complex the use of biorelevant media in this setting shows promise with respect to a better prediction of absorption.
Draft Genome Sequences of Four Bacterial Species as Part of an Experiential Microbiology Project at SUNY Geneseo

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Here, we report four draft genome sequences related to the genera Bacillus and Escherichia , recovered from surfaces associated with human interaction, and Sediminibacterium , recovered from an aquatic environment. This study was part of an undergraduate microbial bioinformatics course at the State University of New York at Geneseo.
Metrological Guidance for the Calibration of Laboratory Glassware

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

This report provides technical guidance for the calibration of laboratory glassware to help the practitioner achieve traceability to the International System of Units and meet customer quality requirements. The discussion of traceability uses the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s seven essential elements of traceability as a framework. The guidance also includes how to determine when calibration is necessary, practical tips, and helpful references.
Attribute nonattendance in discrete choice models: measurement of bias, and a model for the inference of both nonattendance and taste heterogeneity

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

An extensive literature has recognised that when discrete choices are made, only a subset of the attributes of the choice alternatives may be considered or attended to by each decision maker. The wider literature suggests that attribute nonattendance (ANA) is important, and that failure to recognise ANA contributes to biased model outputs such as willingness to pay measures, masked sensitivities, implausibly signed random parameters coefficients, and exaggerated taste heterogeneity. It may also be of intrinsic interest to the analyst, and reveal problems with stated choice experimental designs. This research uses simulated data to gain a deeper understanding of the biasing influences of ANA. It is shown that random parameters logit models handle ANA poorly, with the extent of the bias in the model outputs driven by both taste heterogeneity and ANA. The literature has identified some shortcomings and limitations of the existing methodologies for handling ANA. The simulated data are employed to further critique these methodologies, and demonstrate that they are likely to introduce their own biases. This thesis proposes the random parameters attribute nonattendance model, and seeks to improve upon the existing methodologies. The model combines discrete and continuous random parameters, and can infer ANA and taste heterogeneity, without the need to collect supplementary data. The model is tested on simulated data with encouraging results. In addition, in an empirical setting of short haul flight choice, with real stated choice data, the model outperforms the RPL model and several existing ANA methodologies. Necessary conditions to ensure identification are discussed. The model allows for a balance between parsimony, and the handling of correlation of ANA, through a spectrum of possible model specifications; with this tension explored in detail. Further insights into ANA behaviour are gained in the empirical study. The thesis makes a useful methodological contribution, by developing a model with unique properties that can capture the important and prevalent behaviour of ANA.