jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Sex-related alterations in antioxidant status and susceptibility to atherosclerosis in Japanese quail.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

To examine antioxidant enzyme activities in aorta and blood of male and female Japanese quail on control or cholesterol-supplemented diets, given the strong influence of sex and the postulated role of oxidative processes in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.Atherosclerosis-prone Japanese quail (15 of each sex) were either maintained on a control diet or fed a cholesterol-supplemented (1% by weight) diet for nine weeks.Plasma cholesterol levels in controls were comparable in both sexes, although females showed higher triglyceride levels. Cholesterol supplementation increased plasma cholesterol in both males (8.1-fold) and females (2.5-fold) but triglycerides were significantly elevated (3.4-fold) by cholesterol feeding only in males. Cholesterol supplementation increased aortic cholesterol content to a greater extent in males (2.2-fold) than in females (1.4-fold) and plaque formation was apparent only in males. Cholesterol-fed birds showed small, but significant, sex-related differences in antioxidant enzyme profiles of aorta (glutathione peroxidase activity was higher in males and superoxide dismutase activity was lower in females) and red blood cells (glutathione peroxidase activity was higher in females). Cholesterol feeding was associated with opposing effects on the activity of plasma glutathione peroxidase (increased in males but decreased in females). Evidence was also found for complex sex- and tissue-related differences in patterns of ageing over the nine-week experimental period.Although sex-related differences in antioxidant enzyme profiles are demonstrable in aortic tissues and blood of Japanese quail fed control or cholesterol-supplemented diets, it seems unlikely that these are of sufficient magnitude to account for the large difference in susceptibility to atherosclerosis between males and females. The complex sex- and tissue-dependent effects of ageing on the activities of antioxidant enzymes observed emphasize the importance of age- and sex-matched controls in experimental studies of antioxidant enzyme alterations in disease processes generally.
Matched Cohort Comparison Indicates Superiority of Precurved Electrode Arrays

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: Characterize differences in adult cochlear implant outcomes and programming parameters for a straight (CI422/522) and a precurved (CI532) electrode array. Setting: Cochlear implant (CI) program at a tertiary otologic center. Patients: Fifty-eight adults were included in the study; 29 were implanted with CI422 or CI522 and 29 were implanted with CI532. Each CI532 recipient was matched to a CI422/522 recipient in terms of age and preoperative hearing thresholds for comparison purposes. Main Outcome Measures: Consonant-Nucleus-Consonant (CNC) words, AzBio sentences, residual audiometric thresholds, and Speech Spatial Qualities (SSQ) questionnaire collected 6 months postoperatively were used to characterize outcomes. Pulse duration, maxima, impedances, and overall charge measurements were used to characterize programming parameters. Results: Postoperative unaided low frequency pure-tone average (LFPTA) was significantly better for the CI532 group. CNC scores were significantly better for the CI532 group. Impedances and pulse duration were significantly lower for the CI532 group, but there was no difference in overall charge between the groups. Conclusion: The CI532 group showed either similar or statistically superior results on all measures when compared with the CI422/522 suggesting that the CI532 electrode may be an advantageous substitute for the CI522.
Local quasi-isometries and tangent cones of definable germs

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this paper, we introduce the notion of local quasi-isometry for metric germs and prove that two definable germs are quasi-isometric if and only if their tangent cones are bi-Lipschitz homeomorphic. Since bi-Lipschitz equivalence is a particular case of local quasi-isometric equivalence, we obtain Sampaio’s tangent cone theorem as a corollary. As an application, we provide a different proof of the theorem by Fernandes-Sampaio, which states that the tangent cone of a Lipschitz normally embedded germ is also Lipschitz normally embedded.
A Primary- and Second-Order Component Analysis of the Organizational Identification Questionnaire

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study examined the factor structure of the Organizational Identification Question-naire (OIQ), the most widely used instrument today for the assessment of organizational identification. An analysis of a sample of social service employees in the southwestern United States ( N = 369) yielded four first-order and two second-order components. This study contributes to the research literature pertaining to the structure of the OIQ.
DC Breakdown Strength Of Dielectric Materials At Cryogenic Temperatures

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The HVDC superconducting cable, under development at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory will operate at a temperature of 12/sup 0/K and a helium pressure of 1.38 MPa. Because dc breakdown data of dielectric materials at these operating conditions were not previously available, extensive tests were performed on 11 dielectric materials in sheet form. Three of these materials were impregnated with mineral oil, which increased their dc withstand strength significantly. Four of these 11 materials were selected for further tests at varying temperatures and pressures. The dc-breakdown field of cellulose paper (with and without oil impregnation) and PP/C (cellulose paper/polypropylene-cellulose paper) varied as the exponential of the inverse of temperature. For the two polyethylene materials tested, the dc-breakdown strength showed a peak between 12 and 298/sup 0/K. Higher pressure increased the breakdown strength of the materials. Higher pressure or lower temperature also decreased the probability of surface flashover.
Economic burden of insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits in Russia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Unhealthy diet is associated with high morbidity and mortality from chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) which in turn are associated with high economic costs. A significant proportion of these costs is attributed to insufficient fresh fruits and vegetables in the diet worldwide with large country-to-country variation warranting research in various settings including Russia. The aim: to assess the economic burden of insufficient consumption of fruits and vegetables in Russia in 2016 due to their contribution to the development of major NCDs. Methods: The calculation was made using population attributive risk for the development of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and cancer from meta-analyses and the data on the prevalence of fruits and vegetables consumption and the abovementioned diseases in the Russian population. The economic costs from the main NCDs were calculated using the human capital method. The share of health care system costs and economic losses due to morbidity and mortality from NCDs associated with fruits and vegetables underconsumption was assessed. Results: The contribution of insufficient consumption of fruits and vegetables to the morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases, coronary heart disease and stroke were 5 % each (95 % CI: 3.0-6.2), 5% (95 % CI: 3.7-6.2) and 10 % (95 % CI: 4.9-15.9), respectively. Corresponding proportions for lung cancer was 8.9 % (95 % CI: 3.7-14.4). The economic burden associated with this risk factor, amounted more than 134 billion rubles (95 % CI: 78.8-173.3 billion rubles), 0.16 % of GDP of the Russian Federation in 2016. Indirect losses due to premature mortality (86 %) prevailed in the structure of the economic burden. Conclusions: The high prevalence of fruits and vegetables underconsumption in Russia and its significant contribution to the morbidity and mortality from NCDs are associated with significant economic costs from this risk factor.
Fragility curves of Italian school buildings: derivation from L’Aquila 2009 earthquake damage through observational and heuristic approaches

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Recent seismic events worldwide demonstrated the high vulnerability of existing school buildings and the urgent need to have reliable tools for the rapid seismic performance assessment and damage and loss quantification. Indeed, the significant damage observed on structural and non-structural components may have a significant impact in terms of direct and indirect losses making critical the recovery of stricken communities. Although a significant amount of work was done in developing fragility curves for the residential building stock, only few contributions clearly refer to school buildings that significantly differ in terms of the main characteristics from the residential ones. This research work proposes fragility curves for reinforced concrete (RC) and unreinforced masonry (UMR) school buildings typical of the Italian construction standard, based on the damage observed in the aftermath of the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake. A comprehensive and unique database including data on damaged and undamaged school buildings (2,037 records) in the Abruzzo region was built using data from four different sources. Due to limited amount of data, the proposed curves can be very sensitive to the adopted approach, thus three different approaches (i.e. empirical, empirical-binomial, heuristic) are considered and the results are compared. Finally, a direct comparison with fragility curves available in literature for residential buildings typical of the Italian construction standards is proposed.
Modeling basic school teachers acceptance of instructional technology in advancing mathematical pedagogy in Ghana

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this study a modified technology acceptance model (TAM) was used to examine factors that determine information and communication technology (ICT) adoption in junior high school (JHS) mathematics classrooms in Ghana. The study purely employed a quantitative research method. A cross sectional survey was conducted using 180 basic school mathematics instructors in the Kumasi Metro using a questionnaire. Multiple stepwise regression was used as the statistical technique to analyze the data. The study found that usage training, perceived ease of use (PEU), perceived usefulness (PU), and attitude towards use (ATU), had a direct and positive impact on the JHS mathematics instructors’ intentions to utilize ICT for academic purposes. It was likewise concluded that the perceived ICT usefulness was found to be the most influential factor for the instructors’ intention to utilize ICT. The significant effect of usage training was statistically supported against the original TAM constructs utilized in this study. Also, the result from the study further reveals that mathematics facilitators intension to use ICT is not merely based on PEU, PU, and ATU, but fostered through educational culture to train their teaching staff in order to increase their competence and ability to use the instructional technology for academic purposes.
Current literature in mass spectrometry

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In order to keep subscribers up‐to‐date with the latest developments in their field, John Wiley & Sons are providing a current awareness service in each issue of the journal. The bibliography contains newly published material in the field of mass spectrometry. Each bibliography is divided into 11 sections: 1 Reviews; 2 Instrumental Techniques & Methods; 3 Gas Phase Ion Chemistry; 4 Biology/Biochemistry: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins; Carbohydrates; Lipids; Nucleic Acids; 5 Pharmacology/Toxicology; 6 Natural Products; 7 Analysis of Organic Compounds; 8 Analysis of Inorganics/Organometallics; 9 Surface Analysis; 10 Environmental Analysis; 11 Elemental Analysis. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author
Linking Colorectal Cancer to Wnt Signaling Review

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Department of Immunology and determined the functional order of these componentsCenter for Biomedical Genetics in the pathway. This established that Armadillo, the flyUniversity Medical Center homologofb-catenin,mediatesmostifnotallresponsesP.O. Box 85500 to signaling during normal development by Wingless,3508 GA Utrecht the archetypal Wnt ligand in
Introduction - Flows and practices : The politics of integrated water resources management (IWRM) in eastern and Southern Africa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

For the past two decades, IWRM has been actively promoted by water experts as well as multilateral and bilateral donors who have considered it to be a crucial way to address global water management problems. IWRM has been incorporated into water laws, reforms and policies of southern African nations. This chapter provides a conceptual framework to study: the flow of IWRM as an idea; its translation and articulation into new policies, institutions and allocation mechanisms, and the resulting practices and effects across multiple scales - global, regional, national and local. The empirical findings of the complexities of articulation and implementation of IWRM in South Africa, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Tanzania and Uganda form the core of this book. We demonstrate how Africa has been a laboratory for IWRM experiments, while donors as well as a new cadre of water professionals and students have made IWRM their mission. The case studies reveal that IWRM may have resulted in an unwarranted policy focus on managing water instead of enlarging poor women's and men's access to water. The newly created institutional arrangements tended to centralise the power and control of the State and powerful users over water and failed to address historically rooted inequalities.
THE SCHICK TEST AND ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION AGAINST DIPHTHERIA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

and it is well to mark these days 'by a red dot within a circle..If the morning urine alone is recorded the.results will lbe more constant, more flattering, and less useful.The night specimen is best for a patient who does not always urinate at home.A twenty-four hours specimen is inot mulich better; it is a nuisance to warm, and is only available for the home- keeping patient.Ketone Test.-Every morning the patient watches two drops of liquor ferri perchlor.trickle down the near side of the urine glass.If it changes from yellow to dark bIrowin the doctor must be informed that day.
Evaluation of Gerbera Varieties for Yield and Quality under Protected Environment Conditions in Bihar

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An experiment was conducted to evaluate ten varieties of gerbera viz. Laura, Szantal, Delfin, Newada, Olympia, Kormoran, Partrizia, Rock, Feliks and Samuraj for growth and flowering under naturally ventilated polyhouse at polyhouse complex, Department of Horticulture (Vegetable and Floriculture), Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar during 2014-2015. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Among the varieties studied, there was significant difference among the different varieties of gerbera regarding vegetative growth, floral quality and yield parameters. The maximum plant height was recorded in Laura (43.53 cm) whereas the minimum plant height was recorded in Samuraj (30.60 cm). Maximum number of leaves was observed from Partrizia (10.33/ plant) and minimum from Laura and Samuraj (7.20/plant). Maximum leaf length and width were found from Szantal (28.33 cm and 16.33 cm, respectively). The variety Kormoran needed minimum days to flowering (101.67) while, Newada required maximum days (121.33). The longest stalk of gerbera flower was found from Partrizia (80.20 cm) whereas, shortest was found from Kormoran (50.07 cm). Maximum flower diameter was recorded from Szantal (10.73 cm) while minimum from Rock (8.27 cm). Maximum number of flowers were recorded from Partrizia (16.53/ plant) whereas; minimum was recorded form Samuraj (11.53/ plant). The above mentioned findings indicated that considering the important characteristics, Partrizia is the best variety having longest stalk length and more number of flowers per plant. While, Szantal and Feliks also exhibited acceptable physical and flowering quality characteristics, so it can also be cultivated under polyhouse in the era of climate change for getting better yield and quality flowers.
International Financial Integration and Growth in Developing Countries: Issues and Implications for Africa

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

International Financial Integration and Growth in Developing Countries: Issues and Implications for Africa Get access Susan M. Collins Susan M. Collins Georgetown University and The Brookings Institution Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of African Economies, Volume 13, Issue suppl_2, December 2004, Pages ii55–ii94, https://doi.org/10.1093/jae/ejh043 Published: 01 December 2004
SUN-396 RENAL THROMBOTIC MICROANGIOPATHY IN NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE TYPE B: A CASE REPORT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Niemann-Pick disease (NPD) type B is a rare disease caused by mutations in the sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase-1 gene (SMPD1), and characterized by a primary deficiency of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity. Accumulation of sphingomyelin can occur in many tissues and leads to severe morbidity. In the literature, renal involvement of NPD type B is rarely reported. We present a case of renal involvement in NPD type B. It is about a renal Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) never described in literature before.
Achieving Accelerometer Wrist and Orientation Invariance in Physical Activity Classification via Domain Adaption

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Purpose : Physical activity classifiers are typically trained on data obtained from sensors at a set orientation. Changes in this orientation (such as being on a different wrist) result in performance degradation. This work investigates a method to obtain sensor location and orientation invariance for classification of wrist-mounted accelerometry via a technique known as domain adaption. Methods : Data was gathered from 16 participants who wore accelerometers on both wrists. Physical activity classification models were created using data from each wrist and then used to predict activities when using data from the opposing wrist. Using subspace alignment domain adaption, this procedure was then repeated to align the training and testing data before the classification stage. Results : Prediction of activity when using data where the wearer’s wrist was incorrectly specified resulted in a significant ( p = .01) decrease in performance of 12%. When using domain adaption this drop in performance became negligible ( M difference < 1%, p = .73). Conclusion : Domain adaption is a valuable method for achieving accurate physical activity classification independent of sensor orientation in wrist-worn accelerometry.
Evaluating the bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of polyphenols extracted from vegetables by‐product

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The processing of vegetables generates by‐products that are abundant in polyphenols and antioxidants. However, they degrade rapidly due to poor management and a short life expectancy. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of in vitro digestion (IVD) on the phenolic compositions, antioxidant properties, and polyphenolic profile of the beetroot pomace (BP), carrot pomace (CP), and tomato pomace (TP) by‐products. The results showed a reduction in phenolic compositions for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total anthocyanin content (TAC), and total proanthocyanidin content (TPAC), which ranged between 27.55% and 63.34%, 16.38% and 31.43%, 32.58% and 77.41%, and 28.81% and 60.78%, after IVD, respectively. Similarly, antioxidant activity evaluated by 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′‐azino‐bis‐3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid (ABTS •+ ), Ferric‐reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), metal chelating activity (MCA), and reducing power (RP), also showed a reduction. High‐performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC‐DAD) analysis of individual polyphenols varied widely for free and bound phenolic fractions of samples. Among the polyphenolic fractions, catechin (CAT) and protocatechuic acid (PCA) were the highest in BP and CP, respectively in free forms, has shown to be increased after gastrointestinal digestion. Naringenin (NAR) was recorded with the highest both in their free and bound forms in TP and reduced postdigestion. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first report to evaluate the effect of IVD on free and bound individual polyphenolic content in evaluated samples.
Modelling the return of shariah with underlying indices ofnational stock exchange of India : a case of 3SLS and GMM estimation / Saif Siddiqui and Safika Praveen Sheikh.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Shariah indices can be used to construct socially reliable investment products that are attractive for those, who do not wish to invest in undesired business. National Stock Exchange of India introduced Nifty 50 Shariah and Nifty 500 Shariah indices to provide alternative indices for Shariah compliant companies. The study is an attempt to reveal the relationship between Nifty 50 Shariah and Nifty 500 Shariah with their underlying indices, Nifty 50 and Nifty 500.For this purpose a period of 01/01/2007 to 31/12/2015 is taken. Based on various objectives, techniques like Descriptive statistics, Correlation, Co-integration test, 3SLS and GMM estimation are used. It is concluded that return of Shariah Indices are better and risk is lesser, than underlying indices. These indices are the better option for portfolios.
Development of clinical somnology (Contibution of I.G. Karmanova)

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Based on her studies of sleep disorders in patients with cataleptic schizophrenia syndrome, narcolepsy and Gille de la Tourette disease, I.G. Karmanova proposed an evolutionary-dissolution approach to sleep analysis. It helps not only identify the type of sleep–wake cycle abnormalities, but also analyze pathogenetic mechanisms of CNS disorders.
A prognostic sign in ECT.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

D-V Strip of nail removed (A) and flaps of nail wall (B) and nail fold (C) reflected to expose segment of germinal matrix (D) to be excised.A simple and logical operation for unilateral embedded toenail was described by Heifetz in 1945.8This consists of removal of a small segment of germinal matrix on the affected side of the nail.No sutures are required and healing occurs within a few days.Mr Palmer and Mr Stevenson imply that their operation can be performed in the presence of sepsis, cutting through inflamed nail wall.A deliberate operation through inflamed tissues is bad surgical practice and sooner or later this will lead to severe exacerbations of infection.In infected cases it is safer to excise a small strip of embedded nail under local anaesthesia four weeks before surgery.This will enable an exact dissection of the portion of germinal matrix to be performed under ideal conditions.