jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
UTX deficiency in neural stem/progenitor cells results in impaired neural development, fetal ventriculomegaly, and postnatal death

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Recent studies have demonstrated that epigenetic modifications are deeply involved in neurogenesis; however, the precise mechanisms remain largely unknown. To determine the role of UTX (also known as KDM6A), a demethylase of histone H3K27, in neural development, we generated Utx ‐deficient mice in neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs). Since Utx is an X chromosome‐specific gene, the genotypes are sex‐dependent; female mice lose both Utx alleles ( Utx Δ/Δ ), and male mice lose one Utx allele yet retain one Uty allele, the counterpart of Utx on the Y chromosome ( Utx Δ/ Uty ). We found that Utx Δ/Δ mice exhibited fetal ventriculomegaly and died soon after birth. Immunofluorescence staining and EdU labeling revealed a significant increase in NSPCs and a significant decrease in intermediate‐progenitor and differentiated neural cells. Molecular analyses revealed the downregulation of pathways related to DNA replication and increased H3K27me3 levels around the transcription start sites in Utx Δ/Δ NSPCs. These results indicate that UTX globally regulates the expression of genes required for proper neural development in NSPCs, and UTX deficiency leads to impaired cell cycle exit, reduced differentiation, and neonatal death. Interestingly, although Utx Δ/ Uty mice survived the postnatal period, most died of hydrocephalus, a clinical feature of Kabuki syndrome, a congenital anomaly involving UTX mutations. Our findings provide novel insights into the role of histone modifiers in neural development and suggest that Utx Δ/ Uty mice are a potential disease model for Kabuki syndrome.
Reciprocal mentoring in the entrepreneurial sector

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This chapter focuses upon reciprocal mentoring initiatives in the entrepreneurial sector. This chapter draws on three case studies: Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust (BYST), Cherie Blair Foundation for Women (CBFW) Mentoring Programme and the Royal Academy of Engineering Leaders for Innovation Fellowships (LIF). We explore the challenges faced by entrepreneurs and how reciprocal mentoring initiatives seek to address the challenges present in the entrepreneurial ecosystem. A common theme amongst all the case studies is the fact that while both mentees and mentors benefit from the mentoring relationship, at the heart of the mentoring is personal, professional and business growth and transformation. The three reciprocal mentoring cases presented here highlight the concept of mentoring as a two-way process, where learning, development, transition and change work both ways in mentoring dyads. We also highlight how mentoring initiatives are designed with immediate and wider stakeholder benefits. The contribution the individuals and organisations make to the entrepreneurial ecosystem drives sustainable economic development around the world, creating jobs and strengthening communities. Working together as a network, individuals and organisations are able to maximise their collective impact, enabling members to scale their operations to deliver effective support to more entrepreneurs every year.
Function-Based Malware Detection Technique for Android

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The popularity and adoption of smartphones has fostered the rapid proliferation of mobile malware, especially on Android. According to Trend Micro predictions, the number of high-risk malicious applications for Android will reach two million in 2016 [1]. The open-market nature of Android applications and the lack of awareness of smartphone users to potential risks [2] make the Android operating system (OS) susceptible to malware attacks over the Internet. A comprehensive survey on the current state of the threats and vulnerabilities of mobile devices was done in Reference 3
A Photoelectric 35-Mm Camera Device for Recording Animal Behavior

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article A Photoelectric 35-Mm Camera Device for Recording Animal Behavior Get access Herschel G. Abbott, Herschel G. Abbott Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Allyn W. Coombs Allyn W. Coombs Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Mammalogy, Volume 45, Issue 2, 20 May 1964, Pages 327–330, https://doi.org/10.2307/1377020 Published: 20 May 1964 Article history Received: 15 February 1963 Published: 20 May 1964
Interstitial lung disease in a patient treated with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Interstitial lung disease in a patient treated with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C Many cytotoxic agents are associated with pulmonary toxicity, the most common being bleomycin, methotrexate, and busulphan.1This complication, however, has not been recorded during treatment with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C. We report a case of interstitial lung disease occurring during treatment with these two agents.Case report
Some Minor Intrusions of Glen Shee, Perthshire

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

SUMMARY Some additional data are given regarding the “newer” intrusions of an area of which the main petrological features have been described elsewhere. The intrusions are:— (1) Aplites, pegmatites, quartz-veins, granodiorite porphyries, and biotite-granodiorites in or around the Newer Diorite. (2) A “porphyry” contaminated by cordieritic hornfels and having “clouded ” plagioclase “phenocrysts ”. Evidence is given that the “phenocrysts” have xenocrystic cores. (3) Quartz-felsites with cordierite, andalusite, and garnet, and granodiorite-porphyries, lying between the Newer Diorite and its roof of Ben Lawers Schist. The granodiorite-porphyries post-date the Diorite but the age of the quartz-felsites is uncertain. Contamination, and mechanical and chemical alteration, of the quartz-felsites are recorded. (4) Newer quartz-felspar-porphyries and lamprophyres, not obviously associated with the Newer Diorite.
The Effect of Using Video Games on EFL Learners' Acquisition of Speech Acts of Apology and Request

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article presents a discussion about the inclusion of video game based pragmatic competence instruction as a facilitative tool to develop interlanguage pragmatic competence of Iranian EFL learners' acquisition of speech acts of apology and request. The question this article is intended to answer includes: whether using video game as a facilitative tool for developing interlanguage pragmatic competence have any effect on EFL learners’ acquisition of speech acts of apology and request or not. To answer this question, 40 Iranian intermediate EFL learners were selected via administering the Oxford Placement Test (OPT). Following the Jianda Liu pragmatic competence test (2004) that made test of apology and request speech acts were administered as the pre-test before the targeted speech acts were instructed to them for 8 sessions. The post-test of apology and request speech acts were then administered and data were analyzed via calculating ANCOVA and Mann-Whitney U test. The results indicated that the video game-based instructed EFL classroom showed positive progress in acquisition of apology and request speech acts.
Enhanced platelet aggregation by oral contraceptives: effect of PG synthetase inhibitors.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Platelet aggregation time was significantly (P less than 0.01) decreased in female rabbits treated with oral contraceptive (a preparation containing low dose of estrogen) as also by injection of diethylstilbestrol (10 mg/kg), while in animals that received indomethacin (10 mg/kg) or aspirin (30 mg/kg) (PG synthetase inhibitors) along with oral contraceptives or diethylstilbestrol there was no significant alteration in platelet aggregation time. The increased synthesis of prostaglandins or some of the intermediary product like TXA2 might be responsible for this effect.
Governing Complexity: Recent Developments in Environmental Politics and Policy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Using a large sample of articles and books published between 2012 and 2015, this review shows the recent trends in environmental politics and policy scholarship. Environmental policy scholarship has embraced the concept of governance to explain the variety of actors and institutions that surround environmental problems and solutions. Scholars in the past three years used theories and methods to capture these governing dynamics in far‐reaching and complicated issues like climate change. This article discusses recent patterns in the literature and demonstrates that new methods, recent theoretical focuses, and even the environmental issues covered by scholars reflect the field's acknowledgement that scholars can and should account for complexity in their work. However, the literature has neglected certain regions and processes, such as the developing world and policy feedback processes, leaving significant gaps in our understanding.
Addressing nutrition and social connection through community gardening: A South Australian study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Background This research aimed to evaluate the benefits of the community gardening program called ‘‘Magic Harvest ( MH )” with respect to its key elements: social interaction; gardening skills; and, healthier eating. The MH program supports community participants to grow food, share produce, prepare and preserve food. Methods Two focus groups were conducted with participants in MH programs in the south of Adelaide, South Australia. The MH programs were located in lower socio‐economic areas. Focus group interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded and analysed thematically. Results Thirteen participants took part in the focus groups and reported gains in community connectedness and shared learning, skills for growing food and healthy eating and making more sustainable food choices. Conclusion This study highlights the social and nutritional benefits that can be derived from a community gardening program in low‐income communities. Health practitioners and policymakers should consider community gardening as an effective health promotion strategy that can address physical and social determinants of health and nutrition for low‐income communities.
The Nature of Medical Liability in Libyan Law

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The medical profession is one of the oldest and most noble vocations known to humanity. It is also among the most critical, given its direct connection to human life and physical well-being. Beyond its practical role, medicine is a core objective of Islamic law and a foundational pillar of modern legal systems. The physician is not merely a practitioner, but a central figure in an integrated process aimed at preserving life and safeguarding human dignity. Health is a blessing whose value is truly appreciated only by those who have endured the pain and burdens of illness. By divine mercy, there have always been individuals in every time and place who are guided to discover remedies that lead to healing. The Libyan legislator made a commendable step by enacting Law No. 17 of 1986 concerning medical liability. This law represents a focused legal framework addressing a specific category—medical and allied health professions. In Libya, medical liability is considered contractual in nature when a valid agreement exists between the patient and physician, fulfilling all legal conditions and elements. In the absence of such a contractual relationship, liability assumes a tort-based nature. Thus, medical liability in Libya is dual in character.
Development of Spray-Coated Perovskite Solar Cells

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Over the past six years, researchers have investigated the use of spray coating to fabricate perovskite solar cells (PSCs), with the aim of demonstrating its viability as an industrial manufacturing process. This spotlight on applications outlines the key benefits of this coating technology and summarizes progress made to date, with attention focused on varied efforts to control the crystallization and uniformity of the perovskite layer. The emerging understanding of processes required to create smooth, dense spray-cast perovskite films has recently led to the demonstration of fully spray-cast PSCs with a power conversion efficiency of 19.4%.
Resolutions of the Twenty-fifth International Conference of the Red Cross

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Twenty-fifth International Conference of the Red Cross, having taken note of the ICRC's Annual Reports since 1981, the five-year report covering 1981 to 1985 and the half-yearly report for 1986 presented to the Conference by the ICRC and having heard the report on respect for international humanitarian law in armed conflicts, delivered by the President of the ICRC, observing with concern the increase in the number of ongoing armed conflicts and the very long duration of several of the conflicts
Odorant-Binding Protein

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The odorant is believed to bind to membrane-bound receptors on the cilia of olfactory neurons, leading to perception of the smell. The homology of OBP to a family of carrier proteins for small hydrophobic ligands suggests that OBP transports odorants within the nasal epithelium. The localization of OBP messenger RNA (mRNA) to the rat lateral nasal gland supports this role. In the future it will be possible to study the regulation of OBP by cloning and sequencing the gene and identifying an OBP promoter or other gene regulatory elements. Regulation may also be studied at the mRNA and protein levels following lesions such as olfactory bulbectomy, or after chronic odorant exposure. The homology of OBP to the a2u -globulin superfamily also suggests that OBP transports odorants within the nasal epithelium. The other superfamily members are known or believed to bind small hydrophobic ligands and to transport them across aqueous compartments such as plasma.
Cochlear Implantation: An Overview

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract A cochlear implant (CI) is a surgically implanted device for the treatment of severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss in children and adults. It works by transducing acoustic energy into an electrical signal, which is used to stimulate surviving spiral ganglion cells of the auditory nerve. The past 2 decades have witnessed an exponential rise in the number of CI surgeries performed. Continual developments in programming strategies, device design, and minimally traumatic surgical technique have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of CI surgery. As a result, candidacy guidelines have expanded to include both pre and postlingually deaf children as young as 1 year of age, and those with greater degrees of residual hearing. A growing proportion of patients are undergoing CI for off-label or nontraditional indications including single-sided deafness, retrocochlear hearing loss, asymmetrical sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in adults and children with at least 1 ear that is better than performance cut-off for age, and children less than 12 months of age. Herein, we review CI design, clinical evaluation, indications, operative technique, and outcomes. We also discuss the expanding indications for CI surgery as it relates to lateral skull base pathology, comparing CI to auditory brainstem implants, and address the concerns with obtaining magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in CI recipients.
Disneyworld.com redesign

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Disneyworld.com has recently been redesigned from the ground up. This paper discusses the challenges facing the design team given the enormous and unique physical aspects of the property, a very challenging business climate for the travel industry in the post-911 world, and the need to uphold the magical imperative of the world's pre-eminent entertainment brand.Our solution needed to address two very specific and disparate groups of users: "Intenders" and "Repeaters". It needed to enfranchise new back-end systems and commerce processes. And it needed to tie into Walt Disney World's® overarching CRM initiative.The design solution is a holistic and scalable experience, allowing Guests to navigate via geographic and/or experience-based facets, incorporating a vast array of multimedia assets. Although the site has only been live for a little over a month, the early results are overwhelmingly positive.
Anti-tumor effect of BCGHSP70-B16TCL in subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In this study, BCGHSP70-B16TCL was prepared by directly mixing the BCG derived heat shock protein 70(BCGHSP70) with tumor cell lysate of B16 melanoma cells (B16TCL) in vitro and then administered to the subcutaneous B16 melanoma-bearing mice in the prophylactic immunization strategy to observe its anti-tumor effects. Data showed that prophylactic immunization with BCGHSP70-B16TCL could significantly prolong the tumor latency and inhibit the B16 melanoma growth in the early stage and prolong the lifespan of subcutaneous B16 melanoma-bearing mice. These results suggested that BCGHSP70-B16TCL might be administrated to induce potent anti-tumor effect for tumor prevention and treatment, particularly be given in postoperative cancer patients using the prophylactic strategy.
Experience of etanercept treatment in juvenile ankylosing spondyloarthritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A history case of severe juvenile ankylosing spondyloarthritis, characterized by rapid development of asymmetric polyarticular syndrome, sacroiliitis, patient’s incapacity and low quality of his and his family life, is discussed in this article. The activity of pathological process was managed to be suppressed due to successful usage of soluble tumor necrosis factor α receptor — etanercept. As a result of treatment the recurrence of articular syndrome was arrested, the function in almost all of the involved joints was recovered, laboratory markers of inflammatory activity decreased. Non-active stage of the disease was established in 12 weeks of etanercept treatment, remission — in 9 months.
[Gene diagnosis of familial erythroleukemia at the early stage of leukomogenesis].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Southern blot hybridization was performed with probe v-erbB + A in 4 subjects. Two of them were patients with similar erythroid alterations of bone marrow: one of them was diagnosed as erythroleukemia (EL). The other two were members of a same family (husband and wife). The husband had normal erythroid cellularity of bone marrow but the wife and their 7 living sons and daughters had erythroid hypercellularity. In the second generation of this family 4 hematological patients (1 with AML and 3 with CAA) were found in the past decade. Rearrangement of cerbB and c-erbA genes was found in 3 of the 4 subjects (2 with EL and the wife mentioned above). They had 4 new hybridization bands besides 3 germlines, but the husband had only 3 germlines. The result suggests that using Southern blot hybridization technique with probe v-erbB + A, the rearrangement of c-erbB/c-erbA genes might be a diagnostic indicator of erythroleukemia at early stage of leukomogenesis in familial and sporadic patients. The etiological significance of the rearrangement of c-erbB/c-erbA in leukomogenesis was discussed.
Cirrhotic Patients With Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic-Obesity Have an Increased Risk of Hyperammonemia and Hepatic Encephalopathy Presidential Poster

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Muscle mass functions as an alternative site of ammonia detoxification in patients with cirrhosis. In this study we aimed to investigate if sarcopenia, myosteatosis, and obesity are associated with hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in patients with cirrhosis. Methods: A total of 204 cirrhotic patients were studied. Muscularity assessment was analyzed using CT scans at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebral body. Sarcopenia was defined using the skeletal muscle index and myosteatosis according to the muscle attenuation index. Overweight-obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. Sarcopenic-obesity was defined as concomitant sarcopenia and overweightobesity. HE was evaluated clinically (West-Heaven criteria) and defined as absent in patients not using specific treatment (i.e. lactulose, rifaximin) and with no prior episodes of HE in the preceding year. Ammonia blood levels were also performed (nl. 0-35 μmol/L) at the time of the muscularity assessment. Results: Mean age was 56±1 years and 141 were males (69%). Sarcopenia was noted in 96 patients (47%), 137 had myosteatosis (67%), 136 were overweight-obese (67%), and 53 (28%) had sarcopenicobesity. Patients with sarcopenia (87±6 vs. 61±4 μmol/L, P < 0.001), and sarcopenic-obesity (95±9 vs. 40±3 μmol/L, P < 0.001) had higher levels of ammonia. Levels of ammonia were not different among patients with myosteatosis (77±5 vs. 67±5 μmol/L, P=0.2), and overweight-obesity (76±5 vs. 67±5 μmol/L, P=0.2). Patients with sarcopenia (84 vs. 63%, P=0.001) and sarcopenic-obesity (93 vs. 65%, P < 0.001) had higher frequency of hyperammonemia. Patients with myosteatosis had a trend (P=0.06), and overweightobesity was not associated with hyperammonemia (P=0.1). Lastly, patients with sarcopenia (42 vs. 26%, P < 0.001), and sarcopenic obesity (47 vs. 30%, P < 0.001) had higher frequency of HE. Sarcopenia and sarcopenic-obesity increased the risk of hyperammonemia (OR 3.2, P=0.001, and OR 7.0, P < 0.001). Also, sarcopenia and sarcopenic-obesity increased the risk of HE (OR 2.0, P < 0.001, and OR 2.1, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia and sarcopenic-obesity have higher ammonia levels and risk for HE. Muscle mass plays a protective role for hyperammonemia and therapeutic strategies to avoid muscle depletion might decrease the risk of HE in cirrhosis.
Growth and Convergence in the Asia-Pacific Region: On the Role of Openness, Trade and Migration

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the relationship between openness, trade, and migration in the Asia-Pacific region during the post-1970 period. Conventional reduced-form empirical-growth specifications are augmented by an appeal to structural modelling, an extension that reveals a rich set of interactions between policy, distortions, factor accumulation and growth. A broad array of openness measures play a major role in the successful growth performance of the Asia-Pacific region, a key channel being the distortion-investment nexus. In contrast, the results suggest little role for migration as a quantitatively significant growth determinant, at least at the macro level, which is no surprise in this area of historically low net migration rates. However, I find that within-sample prediction for the Asia-Pacific region is harder to achieve -- 'good luck' as well as 'good policy' played a part.