jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Measuring User Experience of Usability Tool, Designed for Higher Educational Websites

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The user feedback is always important in order to enhance the quality of the software. Usability and user experience are the factors to be considered to improve the quality of the software. There are different methods to evaluate the usability of the software but here in this paper we are aiming to measure the user experience of software, designed for the usability evaluation of the higher educational websitesin order to enhance the usability. This will provide usinformation of the overall impact of software onend users or developers which will help us to analyze the usability level of our software.
The effect of normalization, CT attenuation, and scatter corrections on quantitative rat brain imaging with FDG-PET

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

2643 Objectives Identify the effects of normalization, CT attenuation, and scatter correction on quantitative analysis of FDG uptake in the rat brain. Methods FDG uptake was measured in adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (N=24) using a Siemens Inveon PET/CT scanner. FDG (1.5-2.0 mCi) was injected via the tail vein of anesthetized rats, which were maintained under anesthesia during uptake and imaging. 45 minutes after uptake PET scan was acquired in list mode for 30 minutes. Prior to PET scan a CT scan was acquired and used for anatomical localization and attenuation correction. PET data was reconstructed with 1) both attenuation and scatter corrections (AC/SC), 2) attenuation correction only (AC), and 3) no corrections (NO). Cuboid regions of interest (ROI) were assessed in the midbrain and cerebellum using Inveon Research Workplace (IRW) software. The midbrain region was normalized using the standard uptake value (SUV) and cerebellum as reference region. Results Significant differences in activity concentration using AC/SC, AC and NO were demonstrated with a one-way ANOVA. Reference tissue normalization (cerebellum) provides improvement in precision as compared to SUV normalization or no normalization (Table). Precision of approximately 5% is demonstrated for reference tissue normalization. Conclusions Normalization significantly improved precision and minimized differences due to attenuation and scatter corrections for quantitative measurements. Use of the cerebellum as a reference region may facilitate detection of small changes in the rat brain by FDG PET. Research Support The study was supported by the Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Diversely Substituted N,N‐Dimethyl‐4‐oxo‐2‐E‐ alkenamides.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Soil physicochemical properties and vegetation pattern in an arid environment affected by a salt diaper

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Soil degradation, most notably caused by salinization and water-logging, creates formidable problems in arid and semi-arid environments. Advancing our knowledge of salt-affected soils is a prerequisite for understanding how salinization affects environmental concerns, such as soil erosion, nutrient leaching, and lack of vegetation cover. Therefore this study investigated the impact of salt diapirs on soil physicochemical conditions, as well as explored the relationship between halophytic vegetation and soil factors, and described the composition and distribution of plant species in relationship to soil salinity. The study area was divided into three units based on different geomorphologic conditions, slopes and vegetation type.Changes in salinity, soil properties and vegetation were studied. Results showed that the proportion of clay increased while silt and sand decreased with increasing distance from salt diapirs. The presence and kind of ions in all samples consistently indicated high levels of Na, and moderate levels of Mg, Ca, and K. Based on the soil conditions, plant covers were changed to types with more resistance to salinity and water-logging. Typically, this results in a decrease in soil structure stability through degradation of soil aggregates and a variation in the composition of the vegetation toward undesirable species.

Key words: Salt diapirs, salinization, soil physicochemical properties, vegetation pattern, arid environment.
"Chapter 13. An Arsenal of Design: Themes, Motifs, and Metaphors in Propaganda Textiles"

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Chapter 13. An Arsenal of Design: Themes, Motifs, and Metaphors in Propaganda TextilesJacqueline M. AtkinsWearing Propaganda: Textiles on the Home Front in Japan, Britain, and the United States, 1931–1945Printed textiles experienced a major transformation during the twentieth century, as an increasing number of designs worldwide reflected what was happening in the nations that produced them...AuthorJacqueline M. AtkinsPublisherBard Graduate CenterPublisherYale University PressCopyright© 2005 The Bard Graduate Center for Studies in the Decorative Arts, Design, and CultureRelated print edition pages: pp.259-363 https://doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00331.15 Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-23118Copy Chapter subject tags:Textile design as propagandaWorld War, 1939-1945--PropagandaImperialismPatriotismAlliancesSlogans
Suppressive Activity of Quercetin on Periostin Functions In Vitro.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Periostin, a 90-kDa extracellular matrix protein, has been attracting attention as a novel biomarker of airway inflammatory diseases such as allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma. Although oral administration of quercetin to patients with AR can favorably modify the clinical condition of this disease, the influence of quercetin on periostin functions is not well understood. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to examine the influence of quercetin on the production of both periostin and periostin-induced eosinophil chemoattractants from human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpC) in vitro. HNEpC were stimulated with 15.0 ng/ml interleukin (IL)-4 in the absence or presence of quercetin for 72 h. Periostin levels in the culture supernatants were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Addition of 4.0 μM quercetin into cell cultures suppressed periostin production from HNEpC that was induced by IL-4 stimulation through inhibitation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) activation. We then examined whether quercetin could inhibit production of the periostin-induced eosinophil chemoattractants, regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and eotaxin, from HNEpC. HNEpC were stimulated with 2.0 ng/ml periostin in the absence or presence of quercetin for 72 h. RANTES and eotaxin levels in culture supernatants were examined using ELISA. Treatment of HNEpC with quercetin at a concentration of 4.0 μM suppressed the ability of cells to produce RANTES and eotaxin. This suppression was mediated through suppression of activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65, as measured using ELISA, and of chemokine mRNA expression, as measured using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These results strongly suggest that quercetin suppresses the production of both periostin and periostin-induced eosinophil chemoattractants from HNEpC and results in improvement of the clinical condition of AR.
Thermal conductivity of the quark matter

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We discuss the thermal conductivity of quark matter in the framework of the Kubo formula and the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model. Using the quasi-particle random phase approximation, the thermal conductivity can be expressed by the quadratic form of the quark spectral function in the chiral symmetric phase. Its numerical value is calculated as a function of the mean free path of quarks assuming the Breit–Wigner type for the spectral function. The calculated thermal conductivity is rather large in contrast to the small shear viscosity. It is shown that the ratio of the thermal conductivity to the shear viscosity is independent of the temperature but is a decreasing function of the chemical potential.
Agitated psychotic depression associated with severe hypomanic episodes: a rare syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors present detailed clinical and follow-up data on 12 patients with agitated psychotic depressions who developed serious hypomanic or manic episodes. In six patients, each type of affective episode seemed to merge into the others, while in the other patients there was always a clear temporal distinction between each type of episode. The authors suggest that the older ages of their patients may have contributed to the syndrome. They also offer several possible theoretical explanations: the patients 1) had mixed affective states and were trapped in the "switch" state from depression to mania, 2) inherited both unipolar and bipolar diseases, 3) represent a subgroup of bipolar patients, and 4) were schizoaffective.
Inclusive School Leadership in Developing Context: What Are the Levers of Change?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In developing sub-Saharan Africa, a region, that is, in the early stages of implementing inclusive education, there is limited discussion on inclusive leadership modules for training leaders. The qualitative study presented in this paper attempted to fill this knowledge gap by considering school leaders’ contributions to implementing inclusive education for students with disabilities. The paper identifies the challenges faced by schools and the initiatives they have implemented to promote inclusive education. The paper concludes by presenting a proposed heuristic leadership model that could be used to train leaders in low-income contexts to enable them to create inclusive learning environments.
Effects of random fluctuations in alpha oscillations on orientation detection: an EEG study

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Alpha oscillations are known to impair detection of visual stimuli, but it is unclear if this is due to increased guess rate or decreased fidelity of the mental representation. Here we estimated quality and guess rate as a function of pre-stimulus alpha oscillations using an orientation detection task. In the current study, 21 participants performed a task that consisted of a target pointing in one direction followed by a backward mask. Target orientation was pseudo-randomly chosen from a list of 24 predefined, evenly spaced orientations. Following the mask offset and a 500 ms delay, a response screen appeared where participants used the mouse to rotate the pointing stimuli so that it matches the orientation of the target. Errors were quantified as the difference between the target orientation and the orientation of participants’ response stimuli. During the task, EEG was recorded and the power of alpha was calculated on each trial time-locked to the onset of the target. A median split of alpha power prior to target onset was used to separate the trials into high and low alpha power. The errors of each participant on high and low alpha trials were fit to a standard mixture model to get the parameter values g (guess rate) and σ (precision). We found that g was significantly greater on trials with high alpha power compared to low alpha power. In addition, the σ did not differ significantly between low and high alpha trials. These results indicate that random fluctuations in alpha power can influence the biasing of perception but not the precision of mental representations.
State Oppression of Subaltern Voices in Anek: A Foucauldian Analysis of Biopolitics and the Marginalisation of the Northeast

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper examines Anek (2022), directed by Anubhav Sinha, as a cinematic exploration of biopolitical governance and subaltern resistance in India’s Northeastern region. Employing Michel Foucault’s theories of biopolitics and surveillance, alongside Giorgio Agamben’s concept of bare life. This analysis interrogates how state mechanisms such as the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) institutionalize the marginalization and cultural erasure of Northeastern communities. The paper draws upon Spivak’s subaltern studies and postcolonial critiques presented by Partha Chatterjee and Homi Bhabha for contextualizing the film’s critique of state power, cultural homogenization, and identity politics. In this matrix, the perspectives of subaltern scholars such as Ranajit Guha, David Arnold, and James C. Scott are utilized to illuminate the dynamics of resistance and representation further. This paper seeks to bridge the gap between film representation and lived realities through an integrated methodology of cinematic analysis, theoretical critique, and case study integration, focusing on real-world incidents like the Malom Massacre and Irom Sharmila’s hunger strike. Ultimately, it explores how Anek simultaneously critiques and contributes to the discourse on cinema’s potential as a transformative tool for amplifying marginalized voices, while interrogating its limitations as a Bollywood production. Keywords: ASFPA; Bare Life; Biopolitics; Foucauldian Analysis; Marginalised; State Power
Optically Multiresponsive Heteroleptic Platinum Dithiolene\nComplex with Proton-Switchable Properties

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Both linear- and nonlinear-optical\nproperties of Bu<sub>4</sub>N­[Pt­(L1)­(L2)] (<b>1</b>; L1 = [4′,5′:5,6]­[1,4]­dithiino­[2,3-<i>b</i>]­quinoxaline-1′,3′dithiolato; L2 = (<i>R</i>)-α-MBAdto dithiooxamidate, where (<i>R</i>)-α-MBA = (<i>R</i>)-(+)-α-methylbenzyl) upon\nHCl addition at room temperature change dramatically: the color turns\nfrom deep blue to green; the luminescence switches from deep red to\ngreen; the nonlinear-optical response (first hyperpolarizability)\nincreases by a factor of 12. Thus, <b>1</b> behaves as a unique\nmultiresponsive optical switch whose properties can be followed by\nthe naked eye.
[no title]

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Heterogeneities in the solar atmosphere exist on many different length scales ranging from values as large as the solar radius (~10 6 km) down to features which are identifiable only by interferometry (~10 2 km). Rather than simply cataloguing the observed parameters of each and every known type of heterogeneity, I would like to concentrate on a few types of heterogeneities, with a view to identifying the information which is currently available concerning the physical mechanisms responsible for creating the in homogeneities. It is only if we can first identify the physics of each type of heterogeneity that we can hope to take even the first step towards predicting how each particular heterogeneity should scale to other stars. Since the present session is a joint discussion among mainly stellar astronomers, I feel that this approach is probably the most favorable method to present some of the large amount of information now available on solar features. Of course we expect that our solar information will be of most use to stellar astronomers in interpreting observations of stars which have similar spectral types to the sun. Nevertheless, we hope that nature will be kind enough to allow us to scale at least some of our information over a non-negligible area in the H.R. diagram.
Residues and Zero-Cycles on Algebraic Varieties

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

I. Residue theorem and interpretations . 466 a) Local properties of residues 466 b) The residue theorem and a converse 467 c) Cayley-Bacharach property and multisecant varieties . .. 470 d) Points and line bundles on curves . 471 e) Points and rank-two bundles on surfaces . 474 II. Residues and the osculating sequence . 476 a) The osculating sequence 476 b) The fundamental relation 478 c) The fundamental bound for complete intersections ...... 480 d) The osculating sequence for curves 484 e) The osculating sequence for surfaces 486 III. Inverting the residue theorem 490 a) Complete intersections on surfaces 490 b) Structure of extremal varieties, i) 494 c) Structure of extremal varieties, ii) 496 Appendix: Some observations and open problems ... 502
The acoustics of feeling: Emotional prosody in the StoryCorps corpus

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Effective communication depends not only on lexical content but also on how language is produced and perceived. Prosodic elements such as intensity, pitch accent (i.e., the pattern of low and high tones used in a stressed word), and intonation, have been suggested to aid in conveying emotional affect (e.g., happiness) in acted speech. For example, the word “yes” produced with a falling tone, high intensity, and large pitch range may indicate a high-arousal emotion like anger, whereas the same word produced with a flatter intonation, and lower intensity may indicate a low-arousal emotion like gloominess. Understanding the emotion with which words are produced facilitates appropriate communication because it tells the interlocutor how to best respond. Although this is intuitively true, the role of prosody in conveying emotional meaning is understudied, particularly in natural speech. This project thus utilizes StoryCorps, an extensive corpus of naturalistic interviews (publicly available at www.storycorps.org), to acoustically analyze pitch-accent usage in speech conveying different emotional affects. Portions of the StoryCorps interviews that convey overt emotional effect are selected and transcribed, and f0 trajectory, pitch range, duration, and intensity are tracked across stressed vowels to explore whether there are distinctive pitch-accent patterns used to convey different emotions.
Ultrasound Curricula of Student Education in Europe: Summary of the Experience

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Despite the increasing role of ultrasound, structured ultrasound teaching is only slowly being integrated into the curricula of medical schools and universities all over Europe. Aim To survey the current situation at European universities regarding the integration of ultrasound in student medical education and to report on models of student ultrasound training from selected European universities. Methods A questionnaire survey focusing on the implementation of curricular ultrasound education was sent out to the 28 presidents of the national ultrasound societies of the European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB), who were asked to distribute the questionnaires to the medical universities of their countries. Results Overall, 53 questionnaires were returned from 46 universities in 17 European countries. In most of the universities (40/46 universities, 87%), the theoretical background of ultrasound is taught. However, in only a minority of universities is ultrasound integrated in anatomy courses (8/46 universities, 17%) or basic science courses (16/46 universities, 35%). Practical skills in ultrasound are taught in 56% of the universities (26/46 universities) and tested in a practical exam in seven of the responding universities (15%). The number of hours in which ultrasound was taught ranged from one to 58 (mean, seven). The respondents reported that lack of time and limited faculty funding were major hurdles. Conclusion According to our survey, only a minority of European universities has integrated ultrasound into the preclinical curriculum thus far. Future EFSUMB initiatives will continue to promote the introduction of ultrasound as an integrative part of the core curriculum of student medical education, and the preparation of proper teaching material.
Additions and Corrections - Substituent Effects on Benzyl Radical ESR Hyperfine Coupling Constants. The σα· Scale Based upon Spin Delocalization

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditions and Corrections - Substituent Effects on Benzyl Radical ESR Hyperfine Coupling Constants. The σα· Scale Based upon Spin DelocalizationJ. Dust and D. ArnoldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 21, 6531Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1983Publication History Published online12 April 2004Published inissue 1 October 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00359a604https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00359a604research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
L. J. Spencer's work at the British Museum

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Leonard James Spencer, Keeper of Minerals in the British Museum (Natural History) from December 1927 to July 1935, joined the Department of Mineralogy officially on January 1, 1894, filling a vacancy caused by the death in 1892 of Thomas Davies. Davies had served in the Department since 1857. Trained by Nevil Story- Maskelyne, Keeper from 1857 to 1880, he had taken a great share in the arrangement and labelling of the mineral collection and in his later years had also had charge of the collection of rocks. Spencer was almost equally well qualified as a petrologist and as a mineralogist. He had studied chemistry at the Dublin Royal College of Science before going to Cambridge, where he studied geology as well as mineralogy and chemistry and gained the Harkness Scholarship for Geology in 1893. The examination for the vacancy at the Museum was held in August 1893 and Spencer was the successful candidate.