jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Transition of care and rehospitalization rates for patients who require home oxygen therapy following hospitalization

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: To evaluate the effects over the past year of a home care based, respiratory therapist centered transition of care program for patients who require home oxygen therapy following hospital admission for an exacerbation. Method: The Discharge, Assessment and Summary @ Home (D.A.S.H., Klingensmith HealthCare) program was implemented for patients who require supplemental oxygen use following hospital admission for the last year. This data is a summary of the last year of the program. The program consists of face-to-face visits by a respiratory therapist with the patient in the home environment on days 2, 7, and 30 following hospital discharge. Education, behavior modification, skills training, oxygen titration during performance of activities of daily living, clinical assessment, and adherence data collection are key components of the program. Patients who were discharged from the hospital who required supplemental oxygen were enrolled into the program. Results: 555 patients from 23 different hospitals in the Western Pennsylvania area were enrolled into the program from March 2010 through February 2012. The primary discharge diagnosis was: COPD 69%; CHF 14%; hypoxemia 6%; pneumonia 4%; and other 7%. The overall readmission rate for the entire group was 5%. The 30 day readmission rate for those with COPD was 3% and for those with CHF was 3%. Conclusions: With the use of this novel respiratory therapist based transition of care program, the 30 day rehospitalization rate (5%) for those patients who required supplemental oxygen on discharge was significantly lower than the historically observed rates (25%) in the Western Pennsylvania area.
SERUM TRANSAMINASE TESTS FOR LIVER FUNCTION ON OUTPATIENTS IN FOLLOW-UP CLINIC

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The dosage of ataraxics which these patients were receiving was considered to be their maintenance dosage and the smallest amount of treatment necessary, which may be the reason for the negative reports of liver damage. The effect of the medication on the individual patient, not the medicine or chemicals themselves, must be the primary consideration in all treatments(4). It is felt that the medication has kept these patients out of hospitals and helped them in adjusting for prolonged periods without the risk of harmful effects on the liver, even though they are not cured of their original mental illnesses(5).
IR spectroscopy of structural changes of α-chymotrypsin related to the changes of function in organic solvents

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

To determine the variations in the secondary structure of α-chymotrypsin related to changes of function, we measure the ATR-FTIR spectra of the lyophilized enzyme, its solutions in normal and heavy water, tablets wetted in acetonitrile and cyclohexane, and suspensions in these solvents. The experimental results show that the most significant structural changes (a decrease in the content of α-helical fragments and an increase in the content of β-sheets) are related to the transition from the aqueous solution to the lyophilized sample. Similar but less developed structural changes are observed for the transition from the lyophilized sample to suspensions in organic solvents.
Mass Observation Project, Spring 2014 Directive, Part 1: Politics and politicians

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

<span style='white-space:pre-line'>In Spring 2014, the Mass Observation Project asked its panel of volunteer writers the following questions: Consider the following people: a) Politicians; b) Doctors; c) Lawyers; d) Scientists. Do you associate any characteristics with each group? If you were in conversation with somebody and these kinds of people were referred to, what would be your attitude be? How do you feel about: a) David Cameron; b) Ed Miliband; c) Nick Clegg; d) William Hague; e) George Osborne? Please feel free to share any other comments about any other politicians. How do you feel about: a) The Conservative Party; b) The Labour Party; c) The Liberal Democrats; d) The Scottish National Party; e) The UK Independence Party? We are interested in your immediate reaction to these political parties, but would also like to know more about how your attitude towards them has developed over the years. Turnout at the most recent General Election in 2010 was 65.1%. This is an increase on the previous Election, but still the third lowest figure since 1945. Is it important to vote? Could anything be done to increase the number of people voting? How much interest do you and other people you know take in local elections? How important do you think that they are? Did you vote in your last local election? Do you consider your local council to be an effective/ineffective one? Why? 175 responses were received, ranging from a couple of lines to many pages in length. They are archived at the Mass Observation Archive, University of Sussex.</span>
Harmonic Source Location and Identification in Radial Distribution Feeders: An Approach Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The location and identification of harmonic sources in radial distribution feeders are essential tasks since they improve the power quality monitoring and assist in mitigating issues resulting from harmonic distortions. Thus, this article presents an approach based on particle swarm optimization algorithm with adaptive and individual inertia, which was used to locate and estimate the parameters (harmonic magnitudes, real and reactive power) of the harmonic source with the highest contribution. The proposed approach needs only 20 cycles in steady state, considering the harmonic source pre- and postconnection as input data. In addition, this approach uses few meters to reduce the cost of investment. As a result, it was possible to locate the harmonic source, in the IEEE 34-bus test feeder, with absolute errors less than 1.78 km, using only 3 m. Moreover, the harmonic source identification algorithm reached mean percentage relative errors of less than 3.7%.
Manganese‐Mediated Reductive Alkylation of Thiazolyl‐Phosphonium Salts

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Reductive functionalization reactions between two electrophiles is a straightforward protocol to access carbon‐carbon bonds without use of organometallic reagents prepared in advance. Here, we developed a manganese‐mediated reductive alkylation of heterocyclic thiazolyl‐phosphonium salts with benzyl bromides to form C2‐alkylated benzothiazoles. The reaction features a broad substrate scope, high‐functional‐group tolerance, and can be utilized in late‐stage modification of complex natural products and bioactive molecules.
[Well-cared-for illness?--from the early times of the social insurance system].

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the reaction of physicians to the inauguration of a system of social insurance at the beginning of the twentieth century in Germany. The writings of Erwin Liek--a spokesman of German physicians in this respect--show how social insurance, which was inextricably connected with a social and an economic crisis, had a negative influence on medicine: individual therapeutical relationship has been replaced by a bureaucratic dialogue which favours upholding a state of disease instead of promoting health. This study suggests that Liek's criticism bears some analogy with today's german criticism of the social insurance system.
A Rapid and Accurate Photometric Method for Determination of Lead in Small Quantities

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Journal Article A Rapid and Accurate Photometric Method for Determination of Lead in Small Quantities Get access Boyd L Samuel, Boyd L Samuel Division of Chemistry, Department of Agriculture, Richmond, Va Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Howard H Shockey Howard H Shockey Division of Chemistry, Department of Agriculture, Richmond, Va Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Volume 17, Issue 1, 15 February 1934, Pages 141–146, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/17.1.141 Published: 21 February 2020
DEVELOPING ISLAMIC ENGLISH MATERIALS FOR THE EIGHTH GRADERS

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study was aimed at producing an EFL Course book for the first semester of the eighth graders of Madrasah
Tsanawiyah. The procedure of the study was conducting need analysis, developing the materials, conducting
expert validation, revising the materials, conducting try-out of the materials and revising. The respondents of this
study were the eighth grade students, English teachers and two experts of material development and content of
course book. The instruments in need analysis were questionnaires, an interview guide and field notes. The
questionnaires were distributed to 106 students of the second year. Meanwhile an interview was used to gain
information from the English teachers. The result from need analysis showed that most of the students and
English teachers need English instructional materials that contain both religious and general aspects. Meanwhile,
the data gathered from expert validation indicated that there were some good and weak points of the developed
materials which needed to be revised. Questionnaires were also given to the students and teacher after the
materials were tried out. The data from the students were calculated in percentage while from the teacher
described in qualitative ways. The final product is in the form of an EFL Course book for the first semester of the
eighth grade students. The product is supplemented by a teacher’s guide, student’s worksheets and CD
containing listening materials.
Key Words: English instructional materials, material development, Madrasah Tsanawiyah
Study on distortion of radar target's scattering response measured using wideband waveform

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In wideband radar target identification, it is necessary to test or simulate targets' wideband scattering response in form of step-frequency sweeping to build target signature library. In pulsed radar in field, however, targets' wideband scattering response is normally measured using transient wideband waveform. In this paper, the expression of transient wideband scattering response is derived and the simulation analysis of distortions with different target dimension is conducted.
The Impact of Cross-Cultural Management on Global Collaboration and Performance

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract: In the context of an increasingly interconnected global business landscape, the effective management of cross-cultural interactions has been identified as a fundamental element for fostering successful collaboration and enhancing overall performance. This study investigates the influence of cross-cultural management on global collaboration and operational efficacy, with a focus on three primary dimensions: cultural intelligence, communication dynamics, and leadership practices. A mixed-methods research design was utilized, integrating quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, and case study analyses to yield a robust understanding of the subject matter. The significance of cross-cultural management is emphasized through the examination of its role in promoting collaboration, nurturing innovation, and bolstering performance metrics across global teams. Findings from the study suggest that organizations should prioritize the implementation of cross-cultural management training initiatives, adopt effective communication strategies tailored to diverse cultural contexts, and cultivate inclusive leadership frameworks. To gather empirical data, the survey instrument was disseminated to a cohort of 1,000 members from various global teams, while in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 team leaders to gain qualitative insights. Furthermore, case studies were carried out on 10 distinct global teams, allowing for a comprehensive exploration of the challenges associated with managing cultural diversity. Amidst the rise of globalization, organizations are increasingly creating global teams composed of individuals from assorted cultural backgrounds. The management of cultural differences within these teams presents notable challenges. The research aims to establish an organized framework for effective cross-cultural management tailored for global teams. This framework will be developed through a systematic review of extant literature coupled with empirical research findings, thereby identifying key challenges and barriers that impede efficient cross-cultural management.
Moments that never happened visualising high finance

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper aims to put forward and reflect upon the implications of the uncertain nature of images conveying the world of high finance. The rise of globalisation, digitalization and complexification of the financial system coincided with the development of new image-making practices. Considering that the move from analogue to digital enabled the ceaseless presence of the visual in social and political dimensions of everyday life, and highlighting the timeliness and ontological status of the images that circulate in today’s digital circuits, Paolo Favero (2018) suggests that images must be looked upon as ‘present’. The contemporary financial system’s opaqueness and multilayered nature produces an ecosystem difficult to visually grasp and ambivalent with regards to its place in time. Is a ‘decisive moment’ even possible in a quasi-anonymous and never- ending flux of financial flows and stock market trades? This paper will focus on Edgar Martins’ work on the subprime mortgage crisis "This is not a House" (2008) and Andreas Gursky’s depictions of stock exchanges. If, as Georges Didi-Huberman (2000) advocates, whenever we are before the image, we are before time, before which time are we in these instances? This analysis explores in what way the digital fictional characteristics of these photographic works contribute to a collective visual sense of the current financial system – a reality that seems to not exist in a specific time or place but is ever-present.Following W.J.T. Mitchell (2006) and Alfred Gell (1998), Paolo Favero (2021) reconsiders not only the role images have in ‘narrating’ and ‘representing’ but also in ‘performing’, ‘acting’, and ‘doing’. Subsequently, this paper will further explore if and how these works have contributed to form a collective memory on this subject.
Synthesis and Characterization of Arsenic Trioxide Nanoparticles and Their <I>In Vitro</I> Cytotoxicity Studies on Mouse Fibroblast and Prostate Cancer Cell Lines

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) nanoparticles, were synthesized and coated with 2,3-dimercaptosuccinnic acid (DMSA) and chitosan, and were found to be more stable and biocompatible as compared to bare As2O3 nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD), and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy studies revealed successful coating of As2O3 with DMSA and chitosan. Further dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results confirmed the size of the nanoparticles to be 30-80 nm range. The toxicity of the nanoparticles was determined in vitro using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay on mouse fibroblast NIH-3T3, human androgen dependent and independent cell lines, LNCaP and PC-3. The results demonstrated that coated As2O3 nanoparticles were superior when compared with bare As2O3 nanoparticles in terms of stability and cytotoxicity.
DataSheet_1_The Prebiotic Effects of Oats on Blood Lipids, Gut Microbiota, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Mildly Hypercholesterolemic Subjects Compared With Rice: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.docx

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Phytochemicals derived from oats are reported to possess a beneficial effect on modulating dyslipidemia, specifically on lowering total and LDL cholesterol. However, deeper insights into its mechanism remain unclear. In this randomized controlled study, we assigned 210 mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects from three study centers across China (Beijing, Nanjing, and Shanghai) to consume 80 g of oats or rice daily for 45 days. Plasma lipid profiles, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and fecal microbiota were measured. The results showed that total cholesterol (TC) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) decreased significantly with both oats and rice intake after 30 and 45 days. The reduction in TC and non-HDL-C was greater in the participants consuming oats compared with rice at day 45 (p = 0.011 and 0.049, respectively). Oat consumption significantly increased the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and Roseburia, and the relative abundance of Dialister, Butyrivibrio, and Paraprevotella, and decreased unclassified f-Sutterellaceae. In the oat group, Bifidobacterium abundance was negatively correlated with LDL-C (p = 0.01, r = −0.31) and, TC and LDL-C were negatively correlated to Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p = 0.02, r = −0.29; p = 0.03, r = −0.27, respectively). Enterobacteriaceae, Roseburia, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were positively correlated with plasma butyric acid and valeric acid concentrations and negatively correlated to isobutyric acid. HDL-C was negatively correlated with valeric acid (p = 0.02, r = −0.25) and total triglyceride (TG) was positively correlated to isovaleric acid (p = 0.03, r = 0.23). Taken together, oats consumption significantly reduced TC and LDL-C, and also mediated a prebiotic effect on gut microbiome. Akkermansia muciniphila, Roseburia, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and plasma SCFA correlated with oat-induced changes in plasma lipids, suggesting prebiotic activity of oats to modulate gut microbiome could contribute towards its cholesterol-lowering effect.</p>
Design of Approximate Dividers for Error Tolerant Applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper explores architectural designs of approximate unsigned integer dividers based on restoring and non-restoring algorithms. As the subtractor cell is the basic building of a divider, three designs of approximate subtractors are proposed. These approximate subtractors when used in divider reduce the complexity, power consumption and delay at the cost of lower accuracy. The efficiency of proposed dividers are evaluated by simulating the circuits in 45-nm CMOS technology. The results indicate that the third design of approximate non-restoring and restoring dividers are consuming only 31% and 33% delay and power respectively as compared to conventional design. The accuracy of proposed designs is analyzed with several error metrics. The approximate restoring dividers are performing superior to non-restoring dividers both in-terms of design parameters and error metrics.
Antibiotic prophylaxis prior to transrectal prostate biopsy in Croatia: A national survey

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: Transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy (TRUSPB) is the standard of care for diagnosis of prostate cancer. Increased antibiotic resistance has led to the suspension of indication for fluoroquinolones use in prostate biopsy prophylaxis. Several classes of antibiotics have been recommended for routine use. Unequivocal consensus regarding antibiotic prophylaxis has not been made to date. The objective of the study was to assess the diversity of antimicrobial prophylaxis among Croatian urologists. Materials and methods: An online questionnaire was designed using Google Forms ® and distributed to 19 urology public hospital’s departments. Answers regarding infection risk assessment, type and duration of antimicrobial prophylaxis were accumulated. Descriptive statistical analysis was preformed using Statistica 10.0 ® analytics software. Results: Twelve urology departments answered the questionnaire, representing 63% of urology departments in Croatia. Six different antibiotic protocols have been reported. Fluoroquinolones were the most commonly prescribed class of antibiotics (84%). Antibiotic prophylaxis started 1 day before the procedure (92%). Average duration of antibiotic prophylaxis was 5 days (75%). In case of increased risk of urinary tract infection, 42% of departments changed the type, and 8% changed the duration of antibiotic prophylaxis. Neither department performed a rectal swab prior to prostate biopsy. Conclusions: Various antimicrobial prophylaxis protocols are currently being used among Croatian urology departments. Lack of uniform guidelines contributes to protocol diverseness that inevitably leads to further increase in antibiotic resistance. New high quality studies are needed to reverse this trend and to facilitate the establishment of a uniform antimicrobial stewardship strategy.
On the effect of doubling of intervals on the 0-distributive property of the lattice of weak congruences of chains

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Alan Day’s doubling construction of intervals has been found to affect some properties of the lattice of weak congruences of chains. Here, in this paper, we study how it affects the property of 0-distributivity of the lattice of weak congruences of chains. Alan Day’s doubling construction of intervals has been found to affect some properties of the lattice of weak congruences of chains. Here, in this paper, we study how it affects the property of 0-distributivity of the lattice of weak congruences of chains.
Chronic hepatitis C treatment in a cystic fibrosis patient in the pulmonary pre-transplant stage Tratamiento de hepatitis crónica C en un paciente con fibrosis quística en situación de pretrasplante pulmonar

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The standard treatment of chronic hepatitis C, pegylated interferon and ribavirin (pegI/R), has many limitations in both effectiveness and secondary effects, which makes it unsuitable or even contraindicated for some patients. In hepatitis C virus-infected cystic fibrosis patients this treatment could increase respiratory infections with subsequent pulmonary function deterioration. On the contrary, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may make lung transplant (LT) unfeasible. We present the case of a cystic fibrosis-young man diagnosed with HCV infection during LT assessment who was treated with pegI/R. In spite of the lung function worsening and respiratory infections, he managed to complete treatment and even sustained virological response (SVR). At present he is on LT waiting list.
El tratamiento estándar de la hepatitis crónica C, interferón pegilado (INF-peg) y ribavirina (RBV), puede ser inadecuado o incluso estar contraindicado en algunos pacientes debido a sus limitaciones en cuanto a eficacia y efectos adversos. En pacientes con fibrosis quística infectados por el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) el tratamiento antiviral podría aumentar las infecciones respiratorias con el consiguiente empeoramiento de la función pulmonar. Por contra, la infección por VHC podría desestimar a estos pacientes para un necesario trasplante pulmonar. Presentamos el caso de un varón con fibrosis quística diagnosticado de infección VHC durante su evaluación previa al trasplante pulmonar. El paciente fue tratado con INF-peg y RBV. A pesar del empeoramiento en la función pulmonar y numerosas infecciones respiratorias intercurrentes, logró completar el tratamiento y obtener respuesta viral sostenida, encontrándose actualmente en lista de espera.