jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Design of Adaptive-Sliding Mode Controller for Positioning Control of Underwater Robotics

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a new robust controller for positioning control of underwater robotics. One of the most important underwater robotics that is used in navy and marine industries is Underwater Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV). Control of ROV is not easy task, because of its dynamic. Various controllers have been proposed, such as sliding control, nonlinear control, adaptive control, and etc. Some nonlinear control schemes require an accurate system model of the ROV system. And some of control schemes require bound of parametric uncertainties. This paper is presented an adaptive-sliding mode controller that is focused on self-tuning when the control performance degrades during the operation due to model uncertainties and change in the vehicle system and its environment. The adaptive-sliding mode controller combined advantages of sliding mode controllers and adaptive estimators. In the adaptive-sliding mode controller, robust controller is applied for tracking and rejecting disturbances and adaptive estimator is applied for estimating uncertain parameters. This controller is compared with other control methods such as sliding mode controller. To show the validity of the proposed algorithm, computer simulation results are presented.
Concept and Diagnosis of Unstable Plaque in the Carotid Artery(2. Atherosclerotic Internal Carotid Artery Disease and High Risk Patients,<SPECIAL ISSUES>Stroke as a Systemic Vascular Disease)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

頸動脈不安定プラークの診断技術は進歩しつつあり,modalityも超音波,MRI,FDG-PETと選択肢が増えてきているが,まだevidence levelは高いとはいえない.頸動脈エコー検査では,低輝度プラーク,潰瘍形成,不均一プラークが脳梗塞発症のリスクとなるとされているが,最近プラークの可動性についても評価が可能となり,特に症候性の可動性プラークは再発のリスクが高く,迅速な対応が必要と考えている.経頭蓋ドプラー検査による微小栓子信号の検出も不安定プラークを間接的に反映するもので,多数検出される場合はやはり迅速な対応が必要となる.MRIによるplaque imagingもプラークの脆弱性の診断に有用であり,超音波検査と併用して用いることによりお互いの弱点をカバーできる可能性がある.いずれにしてもまだ大規模な前向き調査が行われていないのでガイドライン的なものはないが,検査を組み合わせながら治療法の選択の参考にしていただきたい.
2‐azido‐4‐alkylamino‐6‐alkylamino‐S‐triazines: A new group of herbicidal triazines

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Phytotoxicity to 7 crop species, and degree of inhibition of the Hill reaction were assessed for several 2‐azido‐4‐alkylamino‐6‐alkylamino‐s‐triazines. Biological activity increased with increased alkylation of the amino groups, with increasing chain length of the alkyl substituents up to 5 to 6 C atoms, and with increased degree of branching of the alkyl chain. For several of the compounds tested there was good agreement between phytotoxicity tests and potency against the Hill reaction. The most active compound was 2‐azido‐4‐ethylamino‐6‐t‐butylamino‐s‐triazine (WL 9385), which was particularly effective in controlling seedling annual grasses when applied post‐emergence.
Additional file 2: Table S1. of UGT74S1 is the key player in controlling secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) formation in flax

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Primers used for PCR mediated splicing, cloning and real-time gene expression of Lus10006353 and Lus10014148. (DOCX 16Â kb)
Studies on Aspergillus Flavus Link. Isolated From Maize in Iran

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The Aspergillus flavus population structure from maize kernels was examined. During 2011, samples were collected from two main grain maize production areas in Iran (Fars and Ardebil provinces), shortly before harvest. One-hundred nine A. flavus isolates were recovered on Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicole (DRBC) agar and Aspergillus flavus/parasiticus medium (AFPA) and grouped into morphotypes and Vegetative Compatibility Groups (VCGs) based on morphological (e.g. sclerotia production), physiological (e.g. aflatoxin-producing ability) and genetic criteria (e.g. heterokaryosis). In general, morphotype and VCG composition were highly dissimilar in both provinces. In total, 43.8% and 44.3% of A. flavus isolates from Ardebil and Fars, respectively, produced sclerotia. Sclerotia producers were identified as A. flavus L and S strain morphotypes in Ardebil (66.7% and 33.3%, respectively) and Fars (29.6% and 70.4%, respectively). Furthermore, 71 isolates (65.1%) were able to produce aflatoxin (Ardebil 40.8%, Fars 59.2%). The aflatoxin values were categorized into four different classes (< 10, 10-100, 100-1,000 and > 1,000 ppb). In total, 51 aflatoxin producing isolates of A. flavus (Ardebil n = 22, Fars n = 29) were assigned into 26 VCGs by complementation of nit auxotrophs on nitrate medium. None of the A. flavus isolates from Ardebil complemented with any isolates from Fars. Genetic diversity of A. flavus isolates was 59.1% and 41.8% for Ardebil and Fars, respectively. The different geographical adaptation and genetic make-up of A. flavus isolates may be due to different climatic conditions, soil types and crop sequences in both maize production areas.
Predictive value of topoisomerase 1 by immunohistochemistry (TOP1 IHC) in patients with metastatic breast cancer receiving irinotecan-based therapy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1037 Background: There is an unmet need for rapid assays predictive of efficacy for specific chemotherapy agents. In particular, for those patients with metastatic disease that have progressed on prior therapies. Newer multi-omic analysis can be performed on a single biopsy specimen and with rapid turn-around-time allowing greater clinical utility. Methods: 49 patients with measurable metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and with a history of prior treatments were enrolled in a prospective phase II study. Real-time biopsies were evaluated with a multi-omic platform which included TOP1 (1D6 antibody, positive if intensity > = 2+ in at least 30% tumor) measured by IHC. 23 of 49 tumors were TOP1 positive. Each of the 23 patients received an irinotecan based regimen as follows: 11 irinotecan alone, 9 (irinotecan+capecitabine) or (irinotecan+fluorouracil/leucovorin), 2 (irinotecan+trastuzumab) and 1 (irinotecan+exemestane). To determine therapeutics benefit, a predetermined endpoint (developed by Von Hoff, et al. JCO 2010 was used: The ratio of the progression free survival (PFS) of the new regimen divided by the PFS of the prior therapy (GMI) with a ratio of 1.3 or greater indicating improved therapeutic benefit from the new regimen. Results: Among the 23 TOP1 positive patients,13/18 evaluable patients were GMI positive (72%), 5 GMI negative, while 4 were not evaluable and 1 was too early for evaluation. In the subset of patients receiving irinotecan alone, 6/11 patients had a positive GMI (55%). Conclusions: In this prospective phase II study in patients with advanced MBC, measurement of TOP1 predicted clinical benefit as measured by GMI, in 72% of all patients receiving irinotecan based therapy and in 6/11 (55%) patients receiving irinotecan alone. These findings warrant further evaluation of TOP1 IHC in predicting the utility of irinotecan in the treatment of breast cancer. Clinical trial information: NCT01919749.
Revisiting the Impact of NPAs on Profitability, Liquidity and Solvency: Indian Banking System

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In the light of the fact that non-performing assets (NPAs) in the country are increasing at a very fast pace, this article intends to investigate the outcome of gross NPAs (GNAPs) ratio on profitability, liquidity and solvency in Indian banking system. To study this impact, we have used panel data of 30 Indian banks (12 government sector banks and 18 private sector banks) from 2014 to 2021 (8 years) collected from Prowess (CMIE) and money control. The current study uses four different panel regression models, that is, fixed and panel regression models, pooled regression models and seemingly unrelated regression models. The empirical outcomes of the current study confirm the outcomes of existing studies. The findings of this article confirm the substantial association between the GNPA ratio and profitability ratio, that is, net profit ratio, return on assets ratio and return on equity ratio. Further, the study also confirms the association between the GNPA ratio and liquidity ratios of banks (cash flow margin, current ratio, acid test ratio, cash ratio and operating cash flow ratio). We also found the impact of the GNPA ratio on the capital adequacy ratio.
Root functional traits and microbial variations across a gradient of foliar disease incidence in agroforestry systems

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In tropical agroforestry systems, root functional traits are important indicators of ecosystem functioning, including nutrient cycling and soil trophic interactions. These trophic interactions are important for crop health, as they can assist plants via enhanced nutrient uptake, improved performance under drought conditions, and altered susceptibility to phytopathogen attacks. While previous research has investigated the response of root functional traits and soil-microbial processes to nutrient availability, little work has investigated root response to aboveground plant disease and the role that management plays in moderating these relationships. The main objective of this study is to determine variations in root functional traits and root endophytic fungal populations across a gradient of plant-level foliar disease incidence in a variety of amendment regimes. Using Coffea arabica (coffee) as a model species, we measured key coffee root functional traits and characterized root endophytic fungal populations across a gradient of coffee leaf rust (CLR) incidence – a fungal disease prominent in coffee systems – under contrasting but widespread management conditions in biodiverse agroforestry systems. Preliminary results suggest that both coffee root traits and fungal community composition expressed significant variability across three agroforestry management regimes, where fungal community composition was significantly related to select root functional traits and site conditions. However, variability in fungal communities and root functional trait expression were not different between different levels of CLR incidence. These results suggest that patterns in foliar disease incidence do not disrupt belowground resource acquisition strategies via root traits or microbial associations; rather, site conditions, including canopy openness and soil acidity, dictate variability in these belowground strategies.
Children's reactions to parental separation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to fully explore children's reactions to parental separation and to look at these reactions in relation to a number of environmental, demographic, and temperamental variables. The study also investigated parents' perceptions of children's reactions and the relationship between the two. Forty children between the ages of 8 and 12 years, inclusive, whose parents had been separated less than 3 years, participated in the study. A number of descriptive and ethnographic procedures were utilized. A negative correlation of.62 was obtained between anxiety and self-esteem. The children in the study appeared to have a well-developed, reality-based comprehension of the divorce, even though they were generally sad about the divorce and hoped for a reconciliation. Meaningful results were observed when the children's responses were compared with regard to gender, age, and duration of separation. Few differences in response were noted with regard to levels of self-esteem. Anxiety, however, appeared to be related to many rather apparent differences in response. When parents' responses were compared to children's responses, a moderate variability was observed in those questions related to time periods. In the open-ended questions, there was moderate variability in response agreement between parent and child. Differences in response were also noted with regard to when the children were told about the separation and by whom.
Career Ladder Program

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT In June 1990, Santa Rosa Children's Hospital instituted a multitrack career ladder program for registered nurses, in response to the issues of retention of expert nursing staff and development of professional nursing practice. The program incorporates clinical, education, and management tracks, providing vertical and lateral mobility to the registered nurse. Performance evaluation criteria complement the promotional process, and the registered nurse has a menu of requirements to fulfill each year upon promotion to or maintenance of career ladder level. Through incorporation of a graduated salary system, the program has been a retention bonus for registered nurses at Santa Rosa Children's Hospital. In addition, the career ladder program has been very successful in promoting professional nursing practice within the hospital.
Impact of pharmacist managed oral epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background Pharmacists are an integral part of medication management, with the positive impact of their clinical services in patient outcomes previously studied and reported in literature. The roles and responsibilities of pharmacists continue to expand, including optimizing patient medication and health outcomes related to complex oral anticancer drugs. Objective To evaluate the impact of a pharmacist-managed oral chemotherapy clinic in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) taking oral epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor (EGFRi) regimens within an integrated healthcare delivery system. Methods This was an observational cohort study using data from Kaiser Permanente Northern and Southern California regions on adult patients who received oncology pharmacist-managed care compared to patients with usual care. Patients were newly initiated with EGFRi therapy to treat NSCLC between 2017 and 2019. The follow-up period was defined as the time from index date (first sold date of EGFRi) to December 2020 or end of membership or death, whichever occurred first. Primary outcome measures included adherence to EGFRi, frequency of imaging during drug exposure, and presence of imaging prior to treatment change. Outcomes were analyzed with Chi-square test for categorical variables, and Student's t -test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables. Results There were 613 patients in the pharmacist-managed group and 714 patients in the usual care group. Overall, the mean age was 68.2 ± 11.3 years, and 65.1% were female. In the pharmacist-managed group, there was a significantly higher mean proportion of days covered (PDC) during the first three months of therapy (0.86 ± 0.24 vs 0.82 ± 0.36, p = 0.01) and a higher percentage of patients who were adherent to EGFRi therapy (with PDC ≥0.80) during the drug exposure period (95.8% vs 92.4%, p = 0.01). The rate of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during drug exposure was higher in the pharmacist-managed group compared to the usual care group (31.8% vs 20.7%, p < 0.01) with a higher number of mean scans completed per patient (1.15 ± 2.42 vs 0.62 ± 1.63, p < 0.01) and per patient-year (2.60 ± 7.27 vs 1.58 ± 5.95, p < 0.01). Overall, 66.2% of patients had a treatment change, with a higher percentage of patients in the pharmacist-managed group who completed a CT or MRI scan prior to treatment change (36.3% vs 26.3%, p < 0.01). Additionally, the median time between the scan and treatment change was shorter for patients with pharmacist-managed care (1.8 vs 4 months, p = 0.04). Conclusion Clinical pharmacy services contributed to improved adherence, higher rates of imaging, and shorter time between imaging and treatment changes in NSCLC patients who were taking EGFRi regimens.
Context-based sales and operations planning (S&OP) research

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe and categorise how current literature contributes to sales and operations planning (S&OP) research on how contextual variables affect S&OP design and to frame future areas for context-based S&OP research. Design/methodology/approach The method used was a systematic literature review. Studies for review were obtained through a keyword search of five relevant databases, manual searches of relevant journals and snowballing of citations in relevant papers. In total, 571 papers published between 2000 and 2017 were assessed, and 68 papers were included in the review. Findings The review found that S&OP design depends on industry, dynamic complexity, detail complexity and organisational characteristics. The findings of the literature review suggest that future research should study the roles of industry, complexity, system and process and organisational characteristics in S&OP design. Research limitations/implications The findings revealed several gaps in the literature on context-dependent S&OP design. To address these gaps, an agenda for future S&OP contingency research is developed. Practical implications The findings revealed which contextual areas and specific S&OP design issues must be considered when designing and implementing S&OP. Originality/value This study focussed on identifying relevant research on S&OP design by analysing the contribution of literature to a research framework inspired by contingency-based research of operations and supply chain management.
Distribution pattem, genesis and classification of soils of an arid dune area in Northern Negev

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A dune area of 2 km 2 in the Negev (Israel) with an annual precipitation of 90 mm was mapped. The soils developed from eolic and fluviatile sediments were Arenosols, Calcisols. Solonchaks, Regosols and Fluvisols. The Arenosols of the dunes are more homogeneous in texture and salt content than the soils of the interdunal corridors: Besides the Fluvisols, also the Calcisols, Solonchaks and Regosols are stratified due to episodic flooding by a wadi, and are rich in salts and lime. The soils are of minor development. Aggregation and enrichment of lime, enrichment and movement of salts, and the enrichment of organic substances are indications of soil formation. The distribution of salts within the profiles was calculated by their solubility. High and low soluble salts appear together in thin layers of Calcisols, Solonchaks and Fluvisols, while the most‐soluble salts appear in deeper layers. The salts, therefore, must have accumulated by lateral movement, precipitation and temporal flooding. Influence of groundwater can therefore be excluded. The Arenosols also show the same sequence of salt types, indicating the accumulation due to precipitation and eolic mass movement. Abandoned arable land sites did not show any different soil characteristics from the unused soils. On the basis of the distribution of salts in the profiles and soil types genesis and classification of the soils is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Alkylaluminum Chloride Promoted (2 + 2) Cycloaddition Reactions of Styrenes with 1,4‐Naphthoquinones and Bromoquinones: A Facile Route to Orthoquinodimethane Precursors.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Structural Insights into the M-Channel Proximal C-Terminus/Calmodulin Complex

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The Kv7 (KCNQ) channel family, comprising voltage-gated potassium channels, plays major roles in fine-tuning cellular excitability by reducing firing frequency and controlling repolarization. Kv7 channels have a unique intracellular C-terminal (CT) domain bound constitutively by calmodulin (CaM). This domain plays key functions in channel tetramerization, trafficking, and gating. CaM binds to the proximal CT, comprising helices A and B. Kv7.2 and Kv7.3 are expressed in neural tissues. Together, they form the heterotetrameric M channel. We characterized Kv7.2, Kv7.3, and chimeric Kv7.3 helix A-Kv7.2 helix B (Q3A-Q2B) proximal CT/CaM complexes by solution methods at various Ca(2+)concentrations and determined them all to have a 1:1 stoichiometry. We then determined the crystal structure of the Q3A-Q2B/CaM complex at high Ca(2+) concentration to 2.0 Å resolution. CaM hugs the antiparallel coiled coil of helices A and B, braced together by an additional helix. The structure displays a hybrid apo-Ca(2+) CaM conformation even though four Ca(2+) ions are bound. Our results pinpoint unique interactions enabling the possible intersubunit pairing of Kv7.3 helix A and Kv7.2 helix B while underlining the potential importance of Kv7.3 helix A's role in stabilizing channel oligomerization. Also, the structure can be used to rationalize various channelopathic mutants. Functional testing of the chimeric channel found it to have a voltage-dependence similar to the M channel, thereby demonstrating helix A's importance in imparting gating properties.
How Digital Platforms with a Social Purpose Trigger Change towards Sustainable Supply Chains

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

While digital platforms have been intensively researched, there has been little investigation into their role in sustainable change. Our study focuses on food supply chains and food waste and sustainable challenges. Using data collected from exploratory case studies of digital platforms and traditional actors in the food industry of a Nordic country, we categorized three major sustainable platform types: Alterationist, Redistributor, and Capability Builder. We view these as “Zebras,” a business serving profit and social purpose, and observe their emerging role in the food supply chain. We also identify key dimensions of governance and sustainability impact. With this study, we investigate how digital platforms contribute to sustainable change while also retaining their profit focus.