jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Influence of Accident-Tolerant Fuel With Steel Cladding for Sustainable Heat Transfer in the Reactor Core of VVER-1200

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Since the events at the Fukushima–Daiichi nuclear power plant, there has been increased interest in developing accident tolerant fuel (ATF) to avoid accidents for light water reactors where Uranium-Silicide-based fuel has an excellent field to minimize the hydrogen hazards. Similarly, steel cladding is at the center of attraction for researchers nowadays. In this research, the feasibility of using Uranium-Silicides (i.e., U3Si, U3Si2, and U3Si5) combined with different types of austenitic steel (i.e., AISI) was investigated to improve the safety performance. A three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-coded star ccm+ model was used to assess heat transfer performance in the hexagonal fuel assembly of a supercritical water-cooled reactor VVER-1200. Utilizing the computational environment of star ccm+, the test analysis was conducted for a portion of fuel height using the realizable K-Epsilon Two-Layer Wall turbulence model. This analysis showed that the combination of U3Si2 fuel with AISI-348 cladding got superiority over other ATF-AISI fuel-claddings assemblies to use in the reactor core of VVER-1200 because of their lower central fuel temperature value with good mechanical and thermal advantages. This work also derived an empirical heat transfer coefficient equation to guide the relevant future investigations on the thermal analysis of the core.
Grossman-Hart (1986) Goes Global: Incomplete Contracts, Property Rights, and the International Organization of Production

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

I survey the influence of Grossman and Hart's (1986) “The Costs and Benefits of Ownership: A Theory of Vertical and Lateral Integration,” 94 Journal of Political Economy 691–719.) seminal paper in the field of International Trade. I discuss the implementation of the theory in open-economy environments and its implications for the international organization of production and the structure of international trade flows. I also review empirical work suggestive of the empirical relevance of the property-rights theory. Along the way, I develop novel theoretical results and also outline some of the key limitations of existing contributions.
Seven cases of interaction between warfarin and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Seven cases of interaction between warfarin and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors Get access Julie A. Stading, Pharm.D., Julie A. Stading, Pharm.D. Assistant Professor Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE. Address correspondence to Dr. Stading at the School of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178 (pharmdoc@radiks.net). Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Maryann Z. Skrabal, Pharm.D., Maryann Z. Skrabal, Pharm.D. Assistant Professor Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Michele A. Faulkner, Pharm.D. Michele A. Faulkner, Pharm.D. Assistant Professor Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, Volume 58, Issue 21, 1 November 2001, Pages 2076–2080, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/58.21.2076 Published: 01 November 2001
Award Number: W81XWH-06-1-0673 TITLE: ErbB2 Trafficking and Signaling in Human Vestibular Schwannomas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT: Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited The views, opinions and/or findings contained in this report are those of the author(s) and should not be construed as an official Department of the Army position, policy or decision unless so designated by other documentation. REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved
Automation of FSM Verification Using Formal Tools

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In today's design Finite state Machine (FSM) complexity is increasing tremendously. Exhaustive Design Verification (DV) of these FSM's using simulation at Register Transfer Level (RTL) is challenging due to possible combinations of stimuli. Formal Verification (FV) can efficiently verify them exhaustively. These FSM's undergo multiple design changes during development cycle and manual DV efforts must be repeated. An automated flow is needed to reduce this manual effort.This paper talks about a novel strategy and a flow called Property Generator (PropGen) to automatically generate System Verilog Assertions (SVA) directly from the FSM design specification captured in a Visio format. It also details various types of assertions generated by this flow. The paper also presents the results of applying the flow to a medium complex design for AI/ML acceleration. The verification effort in terms of time taken to create properties, the time required for the first formal verification report, and property re-generation for design changes is compared between manually written properties. The DUT FSM was verified exhaustively using FV and overall results show significant reduction in FSM DV efforts.
Research on Virtual Simulation Experiment Course for Enterprise Decision-Making based on Multilateral Dynamic Game

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Virtual simulation experiment serves as a bridge that organically connects innovation and entrepreneurship classes with professional quality education, fostering a talent cultivation ecosystem that supports high-quality economic development and exerts significant social influence. Currently, there are many shortcomings and bottlenecks in both virtual simulation experiment and the teaching process. This paper discusses the necessity and objectives of the virtual simulation experiment course for enterprise decision-making based on multilateral dynamic game, experimental principles, experimental characteristics, and experimental steps under the principle of "being real and not fictitious, simulating reality with virtuality, and grounding in reality". The experimental platform utilizes real business case that participants can freely choose. Through online human-computer interaction and interaction, as well as offline team discussions, participants are empowered to make independent decisions throughout the experiment. With the assistance of system prompts and task-driven guidance, participants can autonomously complete the experiment. This paper aims to promote the establishment of a virtual simulation experiment platform for enterprise decision-making based on multilateral dynamic game, specifically designed for business students, contributing to the construction of a strong higher education nation.
Value chains in Argentina: Apples and pears, and viticulture

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Structural duality is an important characteristic of Argentina's agriculture and is reflected in the differences between the Pampas region and those that surround it. In the Pampas region, most of the grains, oilseeds and beef is produced by large-scale, export-oriented producers. This agriculture is highly productive, with well-developed value chains linked to international markets. Oher regions ("the regional economies") produce fruits and vegetables and agro-industrial products like wine, tobacco, cotton or sugar. Some of these products, like apples, pears and wine, are exported in competitive world markets but have an internal duality. In the apple-and-pear value chain farms which are fully integrated into global markets (usually large and medium size) coexist with less integrated farms (mostly small-scale). These small-scale farms have several difficulties, particular the low use of technology, deficient pest control, old orchards, and in general, very limited investments at farm level. Meanwhile, the viticulture value chain has had significant investments since 1990s by both foreign and local investors attracted by deregulation and relatively low‑price, good-quality land. Nonetheless, it still faces several constraints, particularly related to limited research and development, training and extension services.
Random subspace based semi-supervised feature selection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Feature selection is important in data mining, especially in mining high-dimensional data. In this paper, a random subspace based semi-supervised feature selection (RSSSFS) method with pairwise constraints is proposed. Firstly, several graphs are constructed by different random subspaces of samples, and then RSSSFS combines these graphs into a mixture graph on which RSSSFS does feature selection. The RSSSFS score reflects both the locality preserving power and pairwise constraints. We compare RSSSFS with Laplacian Score and Constraint Score algorithms. Experimental results on several UCI data sets demonstrate its effectiveness.
Challenges of implementing voluntary assisted dying in Victoria, Australia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Staff working in community palliative care services are accustomed to the intimate conversations that a patient being at home can engender. Being at home can provide a safe space for a patient to express difficulties, including expressing a desire for hastened death. With the implementation of voluntary assisted dying in Victoria in mid-2019, palliative care services have needed to review and adapt policies and practices to incorporate this new procedure. While it was anticipated that a small percentage of people would request access to voluntary assisted dying, in the wake of such significant change, there were numerous implications for palliative care services to consider. This paper describes both the organisational and individual changes undertaken by one community-based palliative care service, in anticipation of legalised assistance in dying. The range of responses to the issues raised are discussed, in preparation for, and in the early days of, voluntary assisted dying.
The role of brand attachment in brand-related bragging

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Bragging about brands on social media is pervasive. When bragging about brands, communicators face a trade-off between enhancing perceptions of their competence versus lowering perceptions of their warmth or likability. Likewise, for brands, bragging can increase the brand’s visibility but can convey negative brand-user imagery that detracts from the equity of the brand. Across four experimental studies, this dissertation shows how signaling brand attachment moderates the effects of brand-related bragging on both the perceptions of communicators and brand-user imagery. Results from the first two studies show that mentioning a high status brand in social media communications leads to negative evaluations when the communicator is not seen as attached to the brand, and positive evaluations when brand attachment is signaled. Using brand attachment cues while bragging leads the audience to infer that the communicator talks about the brand because of intrinsic motives such as personal enjoyment, versus extrinsic motives such as status-signaling, resulting in favorable communicator impressions and brand-user imagery. The last two studies show that the beneficial effects of using brand attachment cues while bragging are mitigated if the cues are seen as non-credible or non-diagnostic of motives in a particular communication context. This research develops a theoretical framework for brand-related bragging and suggests practical ways to manage the trade-offs involved for both communicators and brands. Further, it opens new avenues for research by providing a social perception lens on consumer-brand relationships and showing that there are benefits of signaling one’s brand attachment for both consumers and brands in terms of impressions formed by the audience.
An analysis of the chemical bond between uric acid and protein in avian urine

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The concentration of uric acid in avian urine far exceeds its solubility limit (0.381 mM/L) or that of any of its salts yet uric acid does not form crystal precipitates in the ureteral urine of birds. Crystal formation is prevented by uric acid coupling to protein in urine to form small spherical structures that range in diameter from 1.0 to 14 μm and on average are composed of 65% uric acid (urate). Previous work has elucidated the inorganic and protein content of the spheres. What has not been clear is the nature of the bond between urate and the matrix protein. Dynamic gel mediated crystallization experiments were designed to create the spheres in vitro in an attempt to determine the nature of the chemical association between urate and the matrix protein. In these experiments, porous gel phases with varying initial compositions in U-tubes were used to simulate the local environment near the brush border and at the basolateral membrane of the proximal renal tubule. Fluids simulating glomerular filtrate (luminal fluid) and plasma (peritubular fluid) applied to the opposing arms of the U-tube were allowed to diffuse toward each other to produce a range of compositions between plasma and lumen fluid. This environment should facilitate the formation of the uric acid containing spheres and provide a better understanding of the processes of biomineralization.
Terminal complement proteins C5b-9 release basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor from endothelial cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Interactions between endothelium and vascular smooth muscle cells play a major role in the biology of the blood vessel wall. Growth factors released from endothelial cells control in part the normal and pathological proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Endothelial deposits of C5b-9 proteins, the membrane attack complex of complement (MAC), have been found in a variety of pathological tissues in which cell proliferation is an early characteristic abnormality, including atherosclerosis. We have explored a possible bridging role for terminal complement C5b-9 proteins in eliciting focal signals for cell proliferation by releasing growth factors from endothelial cells. We found that both bovine aortic and human umbilical vein cells respond to the MAC by releasing basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet- derived growth factor. These mitogens stimulate DNA synthesis in Swiss 3T3, vascular smooth muscle, and glomerular mesangial cells. Based on these findings, we propose that complement-induced release of mitogens from endothelial cells is a novel pathogenic mechanism for proliferative disorders.
Graybox characterization and calibration with finite-shot estimation on superconducting-qubit experiments

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Characterization and calibration of quantum devices are necessary steps to achieve fault-tolerant quantum computing. As quantum devices become more sophisticated, it is increasingly essential to rely not only on physics-based models, but also on predictive models with open-loop optimization. Therefore, we choose the Graybox approach, which is composed of an explicit (whitebox) model describing the known dynamics and an implicit (blackbox) model describing the noisy dynamics in the form of a deep neural network, to characterize and calibrate superconducting-qubit devices. By sending a set of selected pulses to the devices and measuring Pauli expectation values, the Graybox approach can train the implicit model and optimize gates based on specified loss functions. We also benchmark our optimized gates on the devices and cross-testing predictive models with two types of loss functions, i.e., the mean squared errors (MSE) of expectation values and the absolute errors (AE) of average gate fidelities (AGF). While the Graybox method allows for flexibility of the implicit noise model, its construction relies on a finite measurement shots dataset. We thus apply the decomposition of expected MSE loss to show that the finite-shot estimation of expectation values is the main contribution to the minimum value achievable of the expected MSE loss. We also show that the expected loss is an upper bound of the expected absolute error of AGF between the exact value and model prediction. Our results provide insights for quantum device characterization and gate optimization in experiments where only finite shots of data are available.
Proximate composition of some Nigerian Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) accessions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc. ) is grown for food and income in Nigeria. A total of ten landraces of bambara groundnut with varying seed coat and eye colours were collected directly from farmers in Kogi, Niger and Kaduna States of Nigeria and taken to the Biochemistry Laboratory of Kogi State University, Anyigba, for proximate analysis. The results revealed significant differences among evaluated accessions in all the estimated parameters. Moisture content ranged from 11.00 (Accession 007 and 010) to 13.50 % (Accession 003), ash content ranged from 0.08 (Accession 007) to 2.75% (Accession 003), crude fibre content ranged from 2.63 (Accession 003) to 6.30 % (Accession 007), total fat content ranged from 9.88 (Accession 001) to 15.85% (Accession 006), crude protein content ranged from 12.47 (Accession 007) to 24.61% (Accession 010) and available carbohydrates ranged from 42.17 (Accession 010) to 56.66 % (Accession 001) . The result of this research reveals that the nutritional composition of bambara groundnut falls within Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) standards and therefore are an excellent source of protein, lipid, carbohydrate and mineral elements. The crop will help to alleviate the problem of malnutrition and contribute to food security in Nigeria, particularly among the poor rural families who cannot afford expensive animal protein.
Development of a tool to model European biomass trade : Report for IEA Bioenergy Task 40

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This report investigated the potential of future intra- and inter-European trade of solid biomass for bioenergy purposes taking country to country specific intermodal transport routes into account and matching supply and demand for energy crops, forestry products and residues and agricultural residues. For this purpose, a geospatial, intermodal biomass transport model was developed in the ArcGIS 10.0 Network Analyst extension. This model has been complemented with data on the cost of shipment using road (truck), water (ocean ships and inland navigation ships) and rail and the cost of transshipment between these modalities. The results of the ArcGIS model were integrated in the transport extended renewable energy model GREEN-X and combined with two scenarios on import potential scenarios of biomass from non-EU countries, a Low Import and High Import scenario. The approach applied provides useful insights in potential trade routes, key supply regions and key demand regions in Europe and potential cost implications for bioenergy production taking logistic implications of biomass from farm gate to supply destinations into account. Because biomass is becoming a major tradable energy commodity, representing bioenergy trade is of key importance to energy models that include renewable energy as no (European) country is limited to national resources.
Design, Synthesis and Functional Analysis of Cyclic Opioid Peptides with Dmt-Tic Pharmacophore

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The opioid receptors are members of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family and are known to modulate a variety of biological functions, including pain perception. Despite considerable advances, the mechanisms by which opioid agonists and antagonists interact with their receptors and exert their effect are still not completely understood. In this report, six new hybrids of the Dmt-Tic pharmacophore and cyclic peptides, which were shown before to have a high affinity for the µ-opioid receptor (MOR) were synthesized and characterized pharmacologically in calcium mobilization functional assays. All obtained ligands turned out to be selective antagonists of the δ-opioid receptor (DOR) and did not activate or block the MOR. The three-dimensional structural determinants responsible for the DOR antagonist properties of these analogs were further investigated by docking studies. The results indicate that these compounds attach to the DOR in a slightly different orientation with respect to the Dmt-Tic pharmacophore than Dmt-TicΨ[CH2-NH]Phe-Phe-NH2 (DIPP-NH2[Ψ]), a prototypical DOR antagonist peptide. Key pharmacophoric contacts between the DOR and the ligands were maintained through an analogous spatial arrangement of pharmacophores, which could provide an explanation for the predicted high-affinity binding and the experimentally observed functional properties of the novel synthetic ligands.
Geometry of generators of triangular norms and copulas

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We study the relations between the shapes of strict triangular norms and their generators. The generators are not unique; to avoid this ambiguity, we introduce the class of balanced generators. We find conditions for their existence and a procedure of their computation. We formulate their influence on local properties of the corresponding triangular norms, in particular at the extremes of their domain. Many strict triangular norms are also copulas; thus, our results can also be applied to bivariate extreme value distributions described by some families of copulas.
Tracking Degradation of Sulfolane-Based Electrolytes in 5 V LNMO Cells

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are today the most used energy storage for portable electronics and electric vehicles – but are laden with concerns of materials scarcity and availability, alongside performance and cost. The development of high-voltage cobalt-free cathode active materials, such as LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 (LNMO), represents one promising route for next-generation LIBs, due to a combination of high capacity and low cost. Combining LNMO with conventional LIB electrolytes, based on carbonate solvents, however, typically leads to severe capacity fading due to a range of different degradation mechanisms 1 , not the least due to the high electrochemical potential reached during charge, up to 5 V vs. Li + /Li°. Here we use a range of sulfolane-based electrolytes to improve the stability 2 and track the degradation by intermittent current interruption (ICI), which is a rather new protocol to determine the internal resistance of battery cells during cycling 3 . The ICI data is presented in the form of heat maps, in order to better visualize the variation of internal resistance as function of the cell voltage. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy is used to identify the decomposition products resulting from the degradation and the data is correlated with the ICI data. Overall this allows us to shine further light on the prospects of sulfolane-based electrolytes for 5 V cells as compared to conventional LIB electrolytes such as e.g. LP40. References Guo, K. et al. High‐Voltage Electrolyte Chemistry for Lithium Batteries. Small Science 2 , 2100107 (2022). Xu, J. Critical Review on cathode–electrolyte Interphase Toward High-Voltage Cathodes for Li-Ion Batteries. Nano-Micro Letters vol. 14 (2022). Yin, L. et al. Implementing intermittent current interruption into Li-ion cell modelling for improved battery diagnostics. Electrochim Acta 427 , (2022).