jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Seroepidemiological Investigation on Indicator Animals of Plague in the Focus of Plague in Guangxi,China

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To investigate the importance of the indicator animals in plague surveillance by finding out the positivity rate against the F_1 antibody of plague in the plague focus. Methods IHA was used to test the F_1 antibody against plague in the blood serum of the indicator animals and rodents. Results The positivity rates of the F_1 antibody of the indicator animals and rodents were 2.06%(10/486) and 0.37%(1/272), respectively. The positivity rates were significantly different (χ~2=4.18,P0.05) between the indicator animals and rodents. Conclusion The indicator animals was important for the prevention and control of plague.
Corrido of a Returning Angel: A Collection of Stories

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

As a Chicano (Mexican-American), person of color with a lower-middle class, American, South Texas upbringing, the world of authors and literature has always felt out of reach and not particularly inviting towards people like me—let alone representative or celebratory. In spite of this, or perhaps owing to it, I have decided to shoot my literary shot, unremittently holding onto my unique voice and unconventional styles in this first collection of short stories. I discuss in depth my inspirations and role models in writing, including Henry Miller and Whitman, with discussion of literary style and genre that include: surrealism, absurdism, allegory, gothic, historical fiction, etc. For each short story, I give descriptions of creative decisions, literary elements, and other relevant discussion of thematic content. And in conclusion, I discuss the knowledge and understandings I have gained as a writer through research and praxis of the craft of writing.
Reducing Out-of-School Suspensions: Practice Guidelines for School Social Workers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In many U.S. school districts, there has been a near epidemic of out-of-school suspensions (OSSs) for relatively minor or vaguely defined student offenses. Suspension provides temporary relief to frustrated teachers and administrators and may result in more parental involvement. However, for a large number of at-risk youths, it appears that being suspended leads to significant problems outside of school, increases the likelihood of receiving additional OSSs, and may result in dropping out of school. As a result, school social workers need to be made aware of programs that focus on the elimination of students' problematic behaviors rather than the elimination of students themselves. This article summarizes recent research on individual and school factors that have been shown to be associated with and predictive of OSSs. On the basis of these findings, the authors present a set of practice guidelines for reducing OSSs and identify and describe promising and proven programs within each practice guideline. They conclude with a discussion of challenges facing school social workers seeking to implement alternatives based on these practice guidelines.
Education for the nurse in primary health care.

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

The provision of health care services in Canada is an activity which is presently experiencing pressures from a variety of sources. At least three recent and interrelated developments are identifiable as having marked implications for nursing education: 1. the many recent official studies of health services organization in Canada; 2. the proliferation of investigations at the operational level of segments of primary care services; and 3. the increased awareness of the skills which nurses can bring to primary care services. It is the purpose of this paper to sketch these three developments and to discuss their implications for the education of nurses.
STUDIES OF HEALTH SERVICES ORGANIZATION
Since the Royal Commission on Health Services completed its comprehensive study and published its massive report ten years ago, there have been at least nine national or provincial studies of the health services system or some part of it. Without exception, these reports have urged greater attention to the availability of health services outside of the acute care hospital; all have included, implicitly or explicitly, recommendations which would result in increased utilization of nursing skills in primary health care.
Dissertations and discussions: engineering graduate student research resource use at New Mexico State University

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to determine whether the accelerated growth of web content during the years 1989-2011 had an effect on New Mexico State University engineering PhD students' use of the library's collections. The research also solicited direct input from PhD advisors regarding their expectations for and perceptions of present day PhD reference lists. If the collections were being used with less frequency, there would be reason to increase outreach to the engineering graduate student population, as well as to review current engineering collection development policies. Design/methodology/approach – Reference lists from College of Engineering PhD dissertations produced 1989-1991 (pre-web), 1999-2001 (web-emergent), and 2009-2011 (post-web) time periods were analyzed using descriptive statistics. PhD faculty advisors from the College of Engineering were interviewed about their expectations for, and perceptions of, research resources used in PhD dissertations. Findings – The number of resources cited, percentages of type of resource (e.g. book, journal, patent, etc.) and age of citation did not vary substantially over time, although the percentage of journal articles cited to total number of citations per dissertation increased post-web. Some websites were cited in the post-web period, but not in significant numbers. Engineering faculty expressed concerns that some PhD students were not critically evaluating and fully synthesizing the information they were citing in the literature review sections of their dissertations. Originality/value – The results of the citation study provided PhD faculty advisors with the positive news that there appears to be no degradation in the quality of references post-web. However, the expressed faculty interest in seeing some dissertators undertake a more robust analysis of the literature created an outreach opportunity for the engineering librarian: a graduate student workshop in how to use the library collections to perform a thorough survey of the relevant research in order to write an effective literature review.
Interactive Engagement: How Much Is Enough?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

It is now widely known that interactive engagement (IE) teaching methods are the most effective methods of teaching physics.1–6 As physics instructors, we now have a variety of methods and models to choose from to make courses interactive.7,8 Included in these are methods that function as interactive adaptations to the traditional structure of physics classes, such as Peer Instruction (PI)2, and those that modify the entire structure of the course, such as the “studio” or “workshop” format.9–11 These possibilities raise the question: Is it worth the effort and expense to completely modify classrooms and instructional time by going to a studio model, or is a simpler IE method such as PI adequate by itself? What method will most easily help your students meet the course learning goals?
Seismic Noise from Gornergletscher, Switzerland (Summer 2007)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This is a subset of open access data from the following reference; please cite accordingly: Walter, F. (2009). Seismic activity on gornergletscher during gornersee outburst floods. Dissertation, 31(1-2), 14–27. https://doi.org/10 .1007/BF03322148 Curated by T. Sawi for the manuscript (in submission), "An Unsupervised Machine-Learning Approach to Understanding Seismicity at an Alpine Glacier" (2022) by T. Sawi; B. Holtzman; M. Nettles; F. Walter; J. Paisley; submitted to JGR: Earth Surface in August 2022. This data set contains sixty-second samples of glacial seismic noise (N=1,478) from the vertical channel of a Geospace GS-11D geophone operating in shallow borehole at Gornergletscher between June 14 and July 22, 2007. Sampling rate is 1000 samples per second, and the natural frequency of the instrument is around 8 Hz. An STA/LTA filter has been applied to remove records with prominent icequakes in them, although many smaller icequakes remain in the records. Waveform files are named after their event origin time in format 7{MDhms}. For example, waveform "70614004000.sac" occurred on June 14 00:40:00, 2007.
CIRCADIAN TIMING BY ENDOGENOUS OSCILLATORS IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: TOWARD CELLULAR MECHANISMS

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The basic properties of circadian rhythms, such as oscillator type, entrainment to daily light-dark (LD) cycles, temperature compensation of the period length, and free-running periodicity, are remarkably similar in eucaryotic organisms from unicells to man. This encourages the view that all circadian oscillators are based on identical principles, found at the cellular level. Animals have a multioscillator organization, with brain centers (suprachiasmatic nuclei, optic lobes, etc.) and related structures (pineals, eyes, etc.) as sources of rhythmicity and coordination. Oscillators and driven activities are coupled by secretion (e.g. eclosion hormone, melatonin) or by direct neuronal connection. Oscillators of the multioscillator systems also are coupled. The cellular requirements for the circadian oscillator appear to be as generally uniform among various organisms as the basic properties. Ions and ion transport are important in the timing mechanism, as is protein synthesis on the eucaryotic ribosome. Although no concise model of the circadian oscillator encompassing protein synthesis, ions, and membranes has been offered, progress in analysis of the mechanisms has been made by genetic selection, screening of biochemical mutants, organ and tissue culturing, biochemical isolation of components, and chemical-pulse probing of the cellular oscillator.
Diagnostic technique for measuring fusion reaction rate for inertial confinement fusion experiments at Shen Guang-III prototype laser facility

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A study is conducted using a two-dimensional simulation program (Lared-s) with the goal of developing a technique to evaluate the effect of Rayleigh-Taylor growth in a neutron fusion reaction region. Two peaks of fusion reaction rate are simulated by using a two-dimensional simulation program (Lared-s) and confirmed by the experimental results. A neutron temporal diagnostic (NTD) system is developed with a high temporal resolution of ∼ 30 ps at the Shen Guang-III (SG-III) prototype laser facility in China, to measure the fusion reaction rate history. With the shape of neutron reaction rate curve and the spherical harmonic function in this paper, the degree of Rayleigh-Taylor growth and the main source of the neutron yield in our experiment can be estimated qualitatively. This technique, including the diagnostic system and the simulation program, may provide important information for obtaining a higher neutron yield in implosion experiments of inertial confinement fusion.
P502 Tumour necrosis factor antagonists are superior to anti-integrin and anti-IL-12/23 therapies for preventing postoperative recurrence in adult Crohn’s disease patients requiring postoperative therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Crohn’s disease (CD) recurrence is common after surgical resection. Prior data have demonstrated that postoperative tumour necrosis factor antagonists (anti-TNF) may reduce recurrence, although little is known about the efficacy of other biologic therapies. The aim of this study was to compare biologic type and timing for preventing postoperative objective recurrence in adult CD patients. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of CD patients who underwent intestinal resection from 2009 to 2019 at two academic medical centres. We tabulated baseline variables against treatment groups based on the type of postoperative biologic (anti-TNF, anti-integrin, anti-IL-12/23) and timing of postoperative biologic initiation (before or after 6 months post-op). Propensity score matching was utilised for treatment groups using baseline variables as predictors. Recurrence was defined by endoscopy (&gt;i2 Rutgeerts’ score) or radiography (active inflammation in neoterminal ileum). Survival analysis was performed to assess risk of recurrence by treatment group and timing of biologic initiation. Results One hundred and forty-four patients were included (51% male, 13.2% active smokers, 97.9% stricturing and/or penetrating CD, 41.7% prior resection). The majority of patients received anti-TNF therapy. Adjusting for the propensity scores, fewer patients relapsed under anti-TNF compared with anti-integrin (HR 2.87, 1.04–7.99; p = 0.042) and anti-IL-12/23 (HR 3.51, 1.51–8.14; p = 0.03). There was no significant difference in objective relapse between patients on postoperative anti-TNF and no therapy (HR 0.71, 0.31–1.66; p = 0.44) (Figure 1). More patients relapsed when biologics were started after 6 months postoperatively compared with within 6 months (HR = 0.20, 0.08–0.53; p = 0.001) and never started (HR = 0.26, 0.11–0.59; p = 0.001) (Figure 2). Conclusion Among propensity score-adjusted CD patients, initiation of biologics within 6 months and anti-TNF agents were superior in preventing postoperative recurrence among patients receiving postoperative biologic therapy.
Effect of the Point Mutation in Growth Differentiation Factor 9 Gene in Awassi Sheep Oocytes on Sterility and Fertility

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) is play a critical role in ovarian follicular development and ovulation rate. The present research was performed to investigate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of GDF9 gene and reproductive performance such as fertility, sterility and follicles condition in Awassi breed. Forty pairs of ovaries from total 40 slaughtered Iraqi Awassi ewes were used in this study. Ovaries (20 n) were picked up from sterile ewes and another 20 gathered from fertile ewes. Genomic DNA was extracted from each ovary of the two groups and PCR-sequencing was applied to detect GDF9 gene polymorphism. Follicles and oocytes evaluation of samples (40 n) were done in each ovary and then compared with the genotyping. Furthermore, the histological and microscopic evaluations were performed for 40 ovarian tissues of the two groups. The sequence analysis revealed that there exist three SNPs in exon I; T(114)C, G(129)R and G(199)A, the 1st two were silent mutation and the last mutation was missense responsible for a glutamic acid →lysine substitution at position 67. In sterile ewes, the current study appeared higher significant increased (P<0.01) in GG genotypes at G(129)R locus and AA at locus G(199)A and significant increased (P<0.05) in CC genotype in T(114)C locus. Likewise, GA in G(129)R locus, GG genotypes in locus G(199)A reported higher significant increment (P<0.01), TT genotype in locus T(114)C recorded significantly increased (P<0.05) in fertile ewes. The GA and GG genotypes were recorded significant increased (P<0.05) in percentage of follicles (4-8mm) and oocytes number for G(129)R and G(199)A locus as compared with wild GG and mutant AA respectively, while non-significant differences were recorded between CC and TT genotype at T(114)C locus. The histological examination revealed a hypoplasia in ovarian tissue of sterile ewes accompanied with fibrous connective tissue invasion with follicles degeneration, whilst in fertile ewes; the ovarian tissues was normal with a presence of numerous corpus albicans and degenerative corpus leutium. This study concluded that the homozygote mutation is reported to be in fertile and minimizing number of follicles and oocyte (sterility), whilst the heterozygote mutation shows strong association with fertile Awassi ewes.
Inverse Problems for Multi-Dimensional Parabolic Partial Differential Equations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The parabolic inverse boundary value problem is defined, and the major characteristics common to multi-dimensional parabolic inverse problems are discussed. These include sensitivity to measurement error and noise, the value of future time information, the nonuniqueness of estimates, and the effects of temperature dependent thermal properties. The importance of quantifying resolution degradation and estimate variances is discussed.
Classifying and diacritizing Arabic poems using deep recurrent neural networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Poetry has a prominent history in Arabic literature. The classical Arabic poetry has 16 m that vary in rhythm and target purpose. Chanting a poem eloquently requires knowing the poem’s meter and obtaining a diacritized version of its verses (letters inscribed with their short vowels); diacritics are often not inscribed in Arabic texts. This work proposes solutions to classify input Arabic text into the 16 poetry meters and prose. It also investigates the automatic diacritization of Arabic poetry. We adopt machine learning approach using a large dataset of 1657 k verses of poems and prose to develop neural networks to classify and diacritize Arabic poetry. We propose deep and narrow recurrent neural networks with bidirectional long short-term memory cells for solving these problems. The proposed model classifies the input text with an average accuracy of 97.27%, which is significantly higher than previous work. We also propose a solution that achieves an accuracy that approaches 100% when multiple verses of the same poem are available through predicting the class from the aggregate probabilities of the multiple verses. Diacritizing poetry is much harder than diacritizing prose due to the poet’s meticulous selection of phrases and relaxation of some diacritization rules.
MRI sliding sign: Using MRI to assess rectouterine mobility in pelvic endometriosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction Surgical excision of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is complex and associated with morbidity. Diagnostic imaging plays an important role in the preoperative workup. We sought to determine the utility of single sagittal T2‐weighted MRI motion sequence in the preoperative assessment of pelvic mobility in patients with endometriosis. Methods An observational study at a single tertiary public referral centre in Australia. Eighty‐one MRI studies from 1 May 2019 to 3 December 2019, were enrolled. Studies were included if they were performed to stage endometriosis, including a T2‐weighted motion series, adequately covering a uterus, cervix and rectum. Fifty‐seven studies met inclusion criteria. The reference standard was a contemporaneous transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) reporting on pelvic organ mobility. Three subspecialist radiologists were then blindly asked to identify, on the cine loop: rectouterine immobility, superficial endometriosis (pelvic bowel adhesions), rectosigmoid Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis (DIE). Fleiss’ Kappa assessed interobserver agreement. Consensus MRI sensitivity and specificity were estimated against the reference standard (TVUS). Results Median age was 35 years (range 19–51). Forty‐three cases had a contemporaneous TVUS; 14 reporting a sliding sign, 29 with fixed pelves. Interobserver agreement was ‘substantial’ ( k = 0.79) for absent MRI sliding sign and ‘almost perfect’ ( k = 0.90) for absence of DIE. Consensus MRI had 90% sensitivity (95% CI 73–98%) for pelvic immobility at TVUS (absent sliding sign). Interobserver agreement and consensus MRI sensitivity were higher for adhesions and immobility than normal findings. Conclusion An MRI motion sequence can identify patients with pelvic adhesions and immobility, helping determine surgical difficulty when TVUS is not diagnostic.
Antimicrobial and miticide activities of Eucalyptus globulus essential oils obtained from different Argentine regions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The biological activity of Eucalyptus globulus essential oils derived from plant material obtained from different geographic areas was analyzed in in vitro experiments on Paenibacillus larvae, Varroa destructor, and Apis mellifera. The physicochemical properties, composition, antimicrobial, and bioactivity of these essential oils were studied. The bioactivity against P. larvae was analyzed by means of two in vitro techniques (tube dilution and bioautography). Mite and bee lethality were estimated using a complete exposure method test with oils at different concentrations. Essential oils differed in their composition, albeit their similar physicochemical properties. The minimal inhibitory concentrations range for E. globulus essential oil lay between 600-700 µg mL–1 for Mar del Plata and 900-1,200 µg mL–1 for Valle de Conlara essential oils against all P. larvae strains. The bioautography method determined that limonene accounted for the greatest antimicrobial activity with respect to the other compounds. The complete exposure method at 24, 48, and 72 h yielded lower LC50 values for mites exposed to E. globulus essential oils from Conlara. LC50 values for acari after 72 h of treatment with E. globulus from Mar del Plata and Conlara were 47.1 and 11.7 µL capsule–1, respectively; whilst those for bees was > 20 µL capsule–1 for both oils. The E. globulus essential oils tested in this study featured high efficiency against V. destructor, yet their antimicrobial activity against P. larvae proved to be lower, and innocuous to bees. The present experience promotes the use of active compounds for American fouldbrood and Varroosis management.
Fishing for Links between the Circadian Clock and Cell Cycle

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) was isolated from bovine pineal tissue and chemically characterized by a group of dermatologists (Lerner et al., 1958, 1959) five decades ago who intended to use it in the treatment of pigmentary skin disorders. These studies were initiated because of a discovery 50 years earlier that something of pineal origin had a powerful blanching effect in the skin of tadpoles (McCord and Allen, 1917). At the time of melatonin's discovery, there was widespread agreement among scientists that the pineal gland was a non-functional neural vestige. Since the characterization of melatonin, its synthesis in the pineal of all species has been documented and, because of its almost exclusive production at night, it is known as the chemical expression of darkness (Reiter, 1991). The light:dark dependency of the melatonin rhythm also has been characterized in a variety of fish species as in other classes of vertebrates (Bromage et al., 2001; Nikaido et al., 2009).