jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Accurate Estimation of Transformer Winding Capacitances and Voltage Distribution Factor Using Driving Point Impedance Measurements

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper introduces an innovative methodology for precisely estimating winding capacitances ( $C_{s}$ and $C_{g}$ ) and the voltage distribution factor ( $\alpha $ ) in transformers using measured Driving Point Impedance (DPI) data. These parameters are critical for designing robust insulation systems and ensuring reliability during transient events. Unlike traditional approaches that rely on complex analytical models, impulse tests, or Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations, this method streamlines the estimation process by directly utilizing DPI measurements. Experimental validations across various winding configurations, including continuous and interleaved disc winding transformers, confirm the accuracy and versatility of this approach. The methodology presented offers substantial practical benefits for transformer condition monitoring. It facilitates efficient diagnostics of transformer deformations and impulse voltage distribution by estimating critical parameters from terminal measurements. The effect of noise on DPI data and the effectiveness of filtering techniques in enhancing parameter estimation accuracy have been rigorously analysed, demonstrating the method’s reliability. This approach is especially useful for newly constructed transformers that need design validation or for older transformers with incomplete design records. It provides a practical, efficient, and straightforward diagnostic solution, proving valuable for both researchers and engineers.
Time-varying MVAR algorithms for directed connectivity analysis: Critical comparison in simulations and benchmark EEG data

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

<div><p>Human brain function depends on directed interactions between multiple areas that evolve in the subsecond range. Time-varying multivariate autoregressive (tvMVAR) modeling has been proposed as a way to help quantify directed functional connectivity strengths with high temporal resolution. While several tvMVAR approaches are currently available, there is a lack of unbiased systematic comparative analyses of their performance and of their sensitivity to parameter choices. Here, we critically compare four recursive tvMVAR algorithms and assess their performance while systematically varying adaptation coefficients, model order, and signal sampling rate. We also compared two ways of exploiting repeated observations: single-trial modeling followed by averaging, and multi-trial modeling where one tvMVAR model is fitted across all trials. Results from numerical simulations and from benchmark EEG recordings showed that: i) across a broad range of model orders all algorithms correctly reproduced patterns of interactions; ii) signal downsampling degraded connectivity estimation accuracy for most algorithms, although in some cases downsampling was shown to reduce variability in the estimates by lowering the number of parameters in the model; iii) single-trial modeling followed by averaging showed optimal performance with larger adaptation coefficients than previously suggested, and showed slower adaptation speeds than multi-trial modeling. Overall, our findings identify strengths and weaknesses of existing tvMVAR approaches and provide practical recommendations for their application to modeling dynamic directed interactions from electrophysiological signals.</p></div>
[Immunomodulation by symptomaticly active antirheumatic agents].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

As antigen-presenting and/or monokine-secreting cells, macrophages play a major role in immunoregulation. Proteases of macrophage origin (cathepsin G, elestase, thrypsin and pronase) act on cell surfaces of different cell lines, inducing cell activation, e.g. of B-lymphocytes. T-lymphocytes might be stimulated by the activating factor LAF. Other macrophage products (CSF, FIM) control monocyte production in bone marrow. While lymphocytes are the target cell lines for classical immunosuppressive agents, mononuclear phagocytes are kept for the major cell population affected by antiinflammatory drugs. The presented study outlines the significance of the mononuclear-phagocytesystem in antiinflammatory drug research. The inhibiting potency of antiinflammatory drugs on the monocyte-macrophage cell line as an additional immunoregulatory principle should be discussed.
Calliodes pretiosissima Holland 1892

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Calliodes pretiosissima Holland, 1892 COMMON NAME(S): Wavy Owl. SYNONYM(S): Calloides rivuligera Butler, 1893. IUCN STATUS: Not Evaluated (NE). DISTRIBUTION: Democratic Republic of Congo, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. LOCALITY IN ZAMBIA: Mwinilunga, in Northwestern Province. LARVAL HOSTPLANT(S): Unknown. SOURCES: African Moths 2019; De Prins & De Prins 2022; Hampson 1910c. Genus Catephia Ochsenheimer, 1816
Investigation of the poor-quality practices on building construction sites in Malaysia

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Poor quality occurs in >80% of building projects. They can increase the cost of a building by up to 50% and can delay a project by up to 50%. This research investigated the determinants of poor quality on building on-sites. The research developed a questionnaire instrument that included 20 determinants of poor-quality buildings on construction sites based on literature and site visits. The survey forms were administered to construction sites operatives through hand delivery. A total of 80% of the respondents measured that the poor quality of buildings was caused by the 20 determinants. Poor workmanship, non-compliance with requirements/standards, inadequate site management, failure to achieve high-quality standards, and poor-quality materials/components were the major determinants of the poor quality of buildings during construction. This research provides fresh information on the causes and impact of poor quality on the performance of the building sector.
A Comparison of Two in Vitro Immunologic Tests for Pregnancy

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Journal Article A Comparison of Two in Vitro Immunologic Tests for Pregnancy Get access Barbara Coon, M.T. (ASCP), Barbara Coon, M.T. (ASCP) 1Montefiore Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Harvey Mendelow, M.D., Harvey Mendelow, M.D. 1Montefiore Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Harry Dalton, Ph.D. Harry Dalton, Ph.D. 1Montefiore Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 42, Issue 2_ts, August 1964, Pages 215–217, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/42.2_ts.215 Published: 01 August 1964 Article history Received: 10 January 1964 Accepted: 21 April 1964 Published: 01 August 1964
Family Literacy and Reading Comprehension

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Throughout history, the family has been the primary source for learning. Before the advent of schools, children were taught by their parents, older siblings, grandparents, and/or other relatives. And although schools now serve as sites for formal education, parents are still the child's "fi rst and most important teacher" (Edwards, Pleasants, & Franklin, 1999). Because the family exists in a network of community, its members are continually communicating, negotiating, and otherwise interacting with schools, within the context of their cultural and community orientations (Bhola, 1996).
Perioperative Complications in Patients with Drug-Eluting Stents: A Three-Year Audit at Geelong Hospital

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Drug-eluting stents are a recommended treatment for lesions in the coronary arteries. Stent insertion requires the patient remain on antiplatelet medication for a minimum of six months after insertion. A serious consequence of ceasing antiplatelet medication is late stent thrombosis leading to myocardial infarction in the territory of the drug-eluting stent. Continuing antiplatelet medication can lead to excessive bleeding at the time of surgery. Understanding the risk of complications attributable to bleeding or myocardial ischaemia will help in defining the optimal management of these patients at the time of noncardiac surgery. This study is a retrospective database analysis and case note review of all patients with drug-eluting stents presenting for noncardiac surgical procedures over a three-year period in one centre. Twenty-four patients with drug-eluting stents inserted presented for 43 noncardiac surgical procedures. Severe bleeding problems were encountered in one case. Three of 15 patients (20%) who ceased clopidogrel prior to surgery without alternative anti-thrombotic prophylaxis suffered myocardial infarction due to stent thrombosis. Four patients who received alternative anti-thrombotic prophylaxis did not suffer complications. All 19 patients who ceased clopidogrel remained on aspirin prior to surgery. Patients treated with drug-eluting stents for coronary artery stenosis represent a challenging group of patients for subsequent perioperative management. The risk of myocardial infarction when clopidogrel is stopped prior to surgery is 20%, if alternative anti-thrombotic prophylaxis is not used. This risk persists beyond one year after insertion of drug-eluting stents. Some treatments appear to be effective in reducing the risk of myocardial infarction.
Modeling aerospace industrial corporate performance : case of cointegration analysis 2001-2008

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Pairs trading is a self-financing investment strategy, which has at least 20 years of history on Wall Street. Over the years, pairs trading has become a branch of "market-neutral" investment strategy which has been the subject of broad exploration by institutional money managers as well as hedge fund experts. Though it has endured for many years as a successful approach, the details of the approach remain proprietary and have not been widely publicized. In a bullish market, performance of market-neutral strategies tends to be overshadowed by directional-based strategies. The current financial climate, which necessitated an unprecedented coordinated tax cuts by major central banks, is widely touted as the worst recession, second only to Great Depression. Could this extreme volatile market herald the resurgence of market-neutral strategies such as pairs trading? Since the publication of the seminal paper on cointegration in the late 80’s, cointegration has become widely applied in the realms of finance and econometrics. Over the next two decades, cointegration has become an effective tool in uncovering trends in multivariate time series and modeling of long-term and short-term dynamics in a system. Cointegration analysis has been performed to identify pairs in aerospace industry that tend to mean-revert based on statistical relationship. The results have been very encouraging and warrant further research to fine-tune this methodology.
The beliefs and values of police volunteers

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter focuses on the beliefs and values of police volunteers in Britain. The chapter draws on an empirical investigation into volunteering within Lancashire Constabulary, concentrating in particular on special constables and Police Support Volunteers. Consideration of the values and beliefs that volunteers bring with them is an important step to understanding the type of people who volunteer for the police and what they can contribute. The chapter considers the development of a volunteering sub-culture that overlaps with, but to a certain extent runs parallel to, dominant cultures displayed by regular paid officers. The chapter concludes that volunteers' beliefs and values can be characterised by a desire to give back to the community, to treat citizens well and by an egalitarian recognition respect that sees inherent dignity in all. The possible positive influence this can have to broader policing is considered.
Too Much Information? A Longitudinal Analysis of Information Overload and Avoidance of Referendum Information Prior to Voting Day

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Previous research has mostly ignored that citizens could experience information overload from a single issue extensively covered in the news. Especially when it comes to issues upon which citizens decide directly in a referendum, overload and avoidance would be problematic from a democracy theory perspective. This study investigates overload and avoidance at the issue level based on a three-wave panel survey on a referendum in Switzerland and finds weak information overload at the aggregate level. However, citizens become increasingly overloaded during the period of extensive news coverage which leads to avoidance of news on the issue but not of interpersonal discussions.
The European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care, December 2011; 16: 444–457 Effects of a monophasic combined

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

oral contraceptive containing nomegestrol acetate and 17 β-oestradiol compared with one containing levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol on haemostasis, lipids and carbohydrate metabolism
Temperature-adjusted hypertension prevalence and control rate: a series of cross-sectional studies in Guangdong Province, China

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Previous studies have shown negative relationships between ambient temperature and blood pressure (BP). However, few studies estimated temperature-adjusted hypertension prevalence and control rate in different population. Objective: To estimate the effects of temperature on BP, and further calculate temperature-adjusted hypertension prevalence and control rate. Methods: Meteorological and BP data in Guangdong Province from 2004 to 2015 were collected. There were 31 351 participants aged 18 years and over. Based on 2018 European society Arterial Hypertension Guidelines, participants were divided into normotensive patients ( n = 23 046), known hypertensive patients ( n = 2807), and newly detected hypertensive patients ( n = 5498). We first used generalized additive model to establish the nonlinear relationship between daily mean temperature and BP, and then calculated the linear effects of temperature on BP among populations with different hypertension status. Finally, we calculated the temperature-adjusted hypertension prevalence and control rate. Results: Generally, there is an inverse relationship between temperature and BP. For a 1 °C increase in temperature, the decreased SBPs for normotensive patients, newly detected hypertensive patients, and known hypertensive patients were 0.37 [95% confidence interval (CI): −0.40, −0.33] mmHg, 0.21 (95% CI: −0.32, −0.10) mmHg and 0.81 (95% CI: −1.02, −0.59) mmHg, while reduced DBPs were 0.19 (95% CI: −0.21, −0.16) mmHg, 0.01 (95% CI: −0.06,0.08) mmHg, and 0.44 (95% CI: −0.56, −0.32) mmHg, respectively. At 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C, the hypertension prevalence rates were 32.5, 29.7, 27.7, 26.0, and 25.0%, respectively, and the control rates were 12.0, 17.5, 23.5, 30.1, and 37.1%, respectively. Conclusion: Low temperature increased BP for all populations, especially for known hypertensive patients, which makes hypertension prevalence increase and control rate decrease if temperature reduce. Our findings suggest that temperature should be considered in hypertension clinic management and epidemiological survey.
External validity of randomised controlled trials in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editors:

I would like to comment on the editorial by Johnson and Raghu 1, which was published in the November issue of the European Respiratory Journal . In a very clear way, the authors overviewed the use of outcome measures in clinical trials of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

I would like to propose some concerns, …
P44 Stable pharmacokinetics and biochemical markers of IBD activity: results from real-world adalimumab biosimilar switching program

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background

Biosimilars have delivered significant cost savings, increasing access to biologics for many patients. While numerous studies have demonstrated no difference in efficacy between originators and biosimilars, the impact of switching between originator and biosimilar adalimumab on drug levels and disease activity in real world cohorts remains largely unknown.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of 392 patients with IBD (347 (89%) CD, 45 (11%) UC) who had switched from Humira to the biosimilar, Idacio, between February - November 2021. Therapeutic drug monitoring was carried out using a commercially available, drug sensitive ELISA (LISA TRACKER, Theradiag). Drug level data was parametric and analysed by paired student t test and Pearson correlation coefficient. CRP data was analysed by Wilcoxon test.

Results

The baseline characteristics of the study participants are presented in table 1. 96 patients had paired adalimumab drug levels before and after the switch. There was no difference between median adalimumab drug levels before and after the switch (9.5 vs 9.2 ug/mL, p=0.67). Furthermore, drug levels were positively correlated before and after switching demonstrating similar levels at both time points for most patients (correlation co-efficient 0.47, p < 0.0001). Prior to switching, no patients had detectable antidrug antibodies. Following switch, one patient (1%) developed high-titre antidrug antibodies and undetectable drug levels. Prior to switch their levels were 14, without detectable antidrug antibodies. CRP levels were available for 163 patients before and after the switch, with no difference in median CRP at either time point (1 vs 1mg/L p=0.60). 33 (8%) patients experienced injection site pain with Idacio and therefore, switched back to Humira. The annual cost saving to the UK National Health Service for patients on weekly and every other week switched to Idacio is £5096 and £2548, respectively.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrates stable pharmacokinetics and biochemical disease activity amongst a significant cohort of patients switching from originator to biosimilar adalimumab as part of a real-world switching program. However, a small proportion of patients did not tolerate Idacio due to injection site pain. There are clear financial benefits in carrying out non-medical, biosimilar switching programs but further work is needed to evaluate the effect on clinical and endoscopic disease activity in a real-world setting.
Better than a Pound of Cure: Preventing the Development of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Diagnostic and treatment delays contribute to increased death and disability among the 490,000 adults and children who develop multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis every year. Since the treatment of MDR tuberculosis is complex, costly and often toxic, tuberculosis control programs should prioritize strategies to prevent drug-resistant tuberculosis. Opportunities to limit transmission and prevent disease progression in close contacts of MDR tuberculosis cases are often neglected. Effective MDR tuberculosis preventive strategies could minimize the costs for patients and healthcare systems. This review characterizes the biological basis for the development of MDR tuberculosis, outlines the evidence for strategies to reduce transmission and highlights programmatic approaches to the management of patients infected with drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
MODERN WATER TREATMENT BY ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION - A REVIEW

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Electrochemical oxidation (EO) as electrochemical method is unique by three aspects. The first is that is the most versatility process in water treatment area and covers: various industrial effluent treatment including, amongst others, distillery, agrochemical, pulp and paper, textile dyes, oilfield and metalplating wastes; hazardous effluent treatment including hospital wastes; removal of pathogens and persistent, pharmaceutical residues and biological from municipal wastewater treatment plant; removal of organic micro-pollutants such as pesticides and heavy metals such as arsenic and chromium from water. Another aspect is that EO is complementary with most other methods: chemical or electrochemical, and is often combined with one or more of them. And finally, this procedure is the most interdisciplinary of all. It includes: material science, (micro)biology, (electro)chemistry, environmental protection, water supply systems, etc. Key words: electrochemical oxidation, electrooxidation, wastewaters, synergistic methods, interdisciplinary approach, ecology.
To identify the usage of clustering techniques for improving search result of a website

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Clustering has drawn much attention to research community due to its advantages and wide applications. However, clustering is a challenging problem, as many factors play a significant role. The same algorithm may generate different output if there is a change in parameters, presentation order or similarity measure. The search option is used excessively on almost every website. Grouping the search results in various folders will improve web browsing and that can be achieved by applying clustering over results. Clustering web elements facilitate data analysis in various ways. In this paper, we present well-known clustering algorithms and identify their different usages for the web elements. The paper discusses some significant work conducted in this field.
Impact Analysis of Off-board Charger to Power Quality

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we tested the entire charging process of a single off-board charger in one charging station in Beijing.Among the testing data, we chose the typical power quality parameters and compared them with national standard.Then we drew conclusions as follows: 1) Electric vehicle battery is the capacitive load.It can export reactive power when charging.2) In the charging process of the off-board charger, indicators of voltage deviation, frequency deviation, power factor, and voltage distortion rate are qualified.3) Off-board charger produces odd harmonics in the charging process, and with increasing harmonic order, harmonic content reduces.There is a certain amount of high-order harmonic in off-board charger, mainly distributing around 6650 kHz.4) Generated harmonics of the actual device, the harmonic is mainly reflected in the current, voltage, only a small distortion.
Theoretical calculations of magnetic and optical properties of alkali halide F centres

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

F-centre wavefunctions, calculated in the point-ion and ion-size approximations, and Lowdin-orthogonalized free-ion wavefunctions are used to derive hyperfine interactions of the ground state and orbital g-factors and spin-orbit coupling constants of the first excited state, for all 20 alkali halides. The ion-size correction leads to improved values of the transition energies (mean deviation from experiment <10%) and spin-orbit constants (15%), but some of the hyperfine constants are in error by factors of up to 2.