jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Circadian Gene Expression Rhythms During Critical Illness

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: Core clock genes regulate tissue-specific transcriptome oscillations that synchronize physiologic processes throughout the body, held in phase by the central circadian rhythm. The central circadian rhythm rapidly dampens with onset of critical illness, but the effect of critical illness on gene expression oscillations is unknown. The objective of this study was to characterize the rhythmicity and phase coherence of core clock genes and the broader transcriptome after onset of critical illness. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: ICUs and hospital clinical research unit. Patients: Critically ill patients within the first day of presenting from the community and healthy volunteers. Interventions: Usual care (critically ill patients) and modified constant routine (healthy volunteers). Measurements and Main Results: We studied 15 critically ill patients, including 10 with sepsis and five with intracerebral hemorrhage, and 11 healthy controls. The central circadian rhythm and rest-activity rhythms were profiled by continuous wrist actigraphy, and serum melatonin sampled every 2 hours along with whole blood for RNA isolation over 24 hours. The gene expression transcriptome was obtained by RNA sequencing. Core clock genes were analyzed for rhythmicity by cosinor fit. Significant circadian rhythmicity was identified in five of six core clock genes in healthy controls, but none in critically ill patients. TimeSignature, a validated algorithm based on 41 genes, was applied to assess overall transcriptome phase coherence. Median absolute error of TimeSignature was higher in individual critically ill patients than healthy patients (4.90 vs 1.48 hr) and was correlated with encephalopathy severity by Glasgow Coma Scale in critically ill patients (rho, –0.54; p = 0.036). Conclusions: Gene expression rhythms rapidly become abnormal during critical illness. The association between disrupted transcriptome rhythms and encephalopathy suggests a path for future work to elucidate the underlying pathophysiology.
Neither Neo- nor Post-

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Summary A liberal theology that values the individual, the person or the subject, is required to defend itself for its ally with individualism and human-centered philosophies, since the concept of the individual or the person has become problematic, as it is radicalized in neoliberalism and sharply criticized by postmodernism. After the First World War Ernst Troeltsch distinguished a German from a Western perspective at the basis of a liberal view of humanity, which he wanted to synthesize in order to secure human dignity and advance the acceptance of universal human rights. Even though our situation has changed profoundly, Troeltsch’s distinction is still very helpful, since both neoliberalism and postmodernism can be described as one-sided radicalizations of what he labeled as ‘German’ and ‘Western’ ways of thought. Analysis shows that both neoliberalism and postmodernism fail to formulate the commonalities of a common human nature due to their radicalization. In contrast to neoliberalism and postmodernism, a liberal theology is challenged to value the individual within the bond of a common human nature and to describe this nature without the restrictions or prescriptions of an essentialist definition of what is human. The concept of a common humanity without essentials is defended with reference to Foucault and Hegel and supported by the classical notion of the image of God.
A max-max parametric demand response scheduling algorithm for optimizing smart home environment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The majority of the power distribution problems are addressed in this study by outlining a scheduling and allocation system that is based on rules. The smart home environment incorporates the suggested model as the intermediate layer. In a smart home, managing overload and power failure is the primary goal of the suggested max-max-based demand response scheduling method. The proposed model is an extension of the demand response measure while considering the load and failure rate analysis. This model is applied in a real-time environment that processes the historical information of power usage in the environment. This model captures the information available by the resources, centralized database information, and the current request parameters. The control and configuration unit are defined to process the load, history, and demand of the users. In this model, effective resource allocation and scheduling are provided. The proposed model is compared against conventional first come-first serve (FCFS), shortest job first (SJF), longest job first (LJF), demand response, and fuzzy-based demand response methods. The comparative evaluation is done on average delay, failure rate, and task-switching parameters. The analysis results obtained against these parameters confirm that the presented max-max-based parametric demand response scheduling and resource allocation method enhanced the reliability and effectiveness of the smart home environment.
[The role of aldehyde dehydrogenases in the malonic dialdehyde metabolism in the rat liver].

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The enzymes catalyzing the NAD-dependent oxidation of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) were isolated from rat liver extracts. Upon 5'-AMP-Sepharose chromatography MDA dehydrogenase was separated into two isoforms, I and II. Isoform I was eluted from the affinity carrier with a 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 8.0. This isoform had a broad substrate specificity towards aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes. Kinetic studies showed that short- and medium-chain aliphatic aldehydes (C2-C6) were characterized by the lowest Km values and the highest Vmax values. The Km' values for MDA and acetaldehyde were 2.8 microM and 0.69 microM, respectively. Isoform II was eluted with a 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 8.0 containing 0.5 mM NAD, was the most active with medium- and long-chain aliphatic aldehydes (C6-C11) and had Km values for MDA and acetaldehyde equal to 37 microM and 52 microM, respectively. Isoform I was much more sensitive towards disulfiram inhibition than isoform II. Both isoforms had an identical molecular mass (93 kD) upon gel filtration. It is concluded that MDA dehydrogenase isoform I is identical to mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase having a low Km for acetaldehyde, whereas isoform II may be localized in liver cytosol. The role of aldehyde dehydrogenases in the metabolism of aldehydes derived from lipid peroxidation is discussed.
The Territory of the Factory Parishes of the Barnaul Ecclesiastical Government in the Second Half of the 18th — Early 19th Centuries

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The article analyzes the number and composition of the factory parishes’ settlements of the Barnaul ecclesiastical government in the second half of the 18th — early 19th centuries. It is concluded that the parish territories were not stable. In 1750-1760 there was a process of settlements redistribution between parishes. This was due to the formation of factory churches network. In subsequent times, the boundaries of the parishes changed due to the emergence of new settlements in the study area. At the end of the period under study, the largest number of settlements was in the Vvedensky parish of the Novo-Pavlovsk plant (46), the second in terms of indicator was the Voskresensky parish of the Kolyvan plant (30). The remaining churches had a smaller number of settlements, comparable to each other (12-14). It was revealed that most factory parishes were "formed" by two types of settlements: factory towns and villages. However, in the 1750s there was not a single rural settlement in the Peter and Paul parish of Barnaul, there were only residents of the factory. The Voskresensky parish of the Kolyvansky plant differed significantly in composition. It included the population of the factory, villages, mines and military fortifications (redoubts, outposts). The identified list of settlements will allow to build topologically correct territories of parishes using GIS tools in the future.
Evaluation of different doses of Femoston therapy for incomplete abortion: A prospective observational trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Incomplete abortion is the most common complication after miscarriage or abortion, which can lead to bleeding, infections, shock, and death if left untreated. Medication for incomplete abortion is less invasive and more acceptable than standard surgical treatment. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of different doses of femoston with expectant management for patients with incomplete abortions. Methods Patients diagnosed with incomplete abortion by transvaginal ultrasonography were included if they chose continued medical treatment rather than surgical intervention after relevant contraindications were excluded. Participants were divided into three groups: femoston(1/10) and femoston(2/10) group received different doses of femoston, and patients in control group received expectant treatment. Clinical characteristics of the participants, including age, gravidity, the diameter of the residual uterine content, the level of β-HCG in pre- and post-treatment, and whether missed abortion or scarred uterus were obtained. The success rate of complete abortion and the rate of menstrual recovery between the three groups were compared to evaluate the efficacy of different doses of femoston for patients with incomplete abortions. Results 197 patients were analyzed, 73 in the femoston (1/10) group, 73 in the femoston (2/10) group, and 51 patients were follow-up without treatment in the control group. The Femoston group was more effective than the control group with statistically significant ( P < 0.001 ). And the success rate of complete abortion in the femoston (2/10) group was significantly higher than that of the femoston (1/10) group( P = 0.035 ). In addition, the rate of menstrual recovery in the femoston group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P = 0.007 ), and the rate in the femoston (2/10) group was also higher than the femoston (1/10) group with statistically significant ( P = 0.001 ). Conclusions Femoston is effective in treating incomplete abortion, with femoston containing 2 mg of estrogen being more effective. For patients with incomplete abortion are treated with femoston, and menstrual recovery time may be shortened. Femoston may be a new option for the pharmacological treatment of incomplete abortion.
cis-4-(Piperazin-1-yl)-5,6,7a,8,9,10,11,11a-octahydrobenzofuro[2,3-h]quinazolin-2-amine (A-987306), A New Histamine H4R Antagonist that Blocks Pain Responses against Carrageenan-Induced Hyperalgesia

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

cis-4-(Piperazin-1-yl)-5,6,7a,8,9,10,11,11a-octahydrobenzofuro[2,3-h]quinazolin-2-amine, 4 (A-987306) is a new histamine H(4) antagonist. The compound is potent in H(4) receptor binding assays (rat H(4), K(i) = 3.4 nM, human H(4) K(i) = 5.8 nM) and demonstrated potent functional antagonism in vitro at human, rat, and mouse H(4) receptors in cell-based FLIPR assays. Compound 4 also demonstrated H(4) antagonism in vivo in mice, blocking H(4)-agonist induced scratch responses, and showed anti-inflammatory activity in mice in a peritonitis model. Most interesting was the high potency and efficacy of this compound in blocking pain responses, where it showed an ED(50) of 42 mumol/kg (ip) in a rat post-carrageenan thermal hyperalgesia model of inflammatory pain.
Ring Footing Bearing Capacity Erected on Dry Gypseous Soil

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study investigates the behavior of ring footing erected on gypseous soil and compares it with the circular footing, including conducting (24) experiments of loading ring footings, where the inner and external diameter ratio was (Din./Dout. = 0, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4), resting on two types of Gypseous soil, for the circular footing the external diameter was (150mm) and thickness (15mm) made from solid steel. The results for study showed the ring footings were best than the circular footings. The ratio (Din./Dout. = 0.4) was beast for all ratios of (Df/D). Capacity of bearing increased when the ratio (Df/D) increase. Bearing capacity for high-gypsum content soil showed good results compared to the low-gypsum content soil. The first was high content of gypsum (63.42%) obtained from the Tikrit University, and the second was low content of gypsum (8.15%) from the Baiji area. The tests were doing inside box have dimensions (900×900×700 mm). The experiments were divided into twelve tests for dry gypsum soil condition with high gypsum content using density of (13.76 kN/m3), and twelve tests for dry soil with low gypsum content using density of (14.87 kN/m3). Experiments were conducted for different ratios (Df/D=0, 0.5, and 1).
Abstract 18325: Pentraxin3 is Associated with Markers of Endothelial Cell Injury Hypercoagulable State and Severity of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Diabetic Subjects

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pentraxin3 (PTX3) was reported to be expressed in atherosclerotic plaques and high levels were seen in patients with atherosclerosis, however, its role in atherosclerosis needs to be further elucidated. In the present study we measured PTX3 levels in diabetic patients with peripheral atherosclerotic diseases (PAD) and investigated its relation to markers of endothelial dysfunction, severity of PAD using ABI, and platelet function. Data was collected from 118 patients and 20 control subjects, at KKUH. Fasting blood samples were used for measuring, blood sugar, triglesrides, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PTX3, P-selectin, and fibrinogen. Ankle brachial index (ABI) was measured for all subjects. PTX3 was significantly elevated in patients with PAD compared to control healthy subjects. Markers of endothelial dysfunction (ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and P-Selectin) as well as fibrinogen were higher in patients with PAD compared to controls. These parameters correlated positively with PTX3 suggesting strong association of PTX3 with disease process, however, doesn't provide a causal link. Using multiple regression analysis with PTX3 as a dependent factor and other variables as independent, showed that fibrinogen followed by VCAM-1 is the most determinant factors influencing PTX3. An indirect association of PTX3 was found, with severity of peripheral vascular disease measured by ABI. As PAD is associated with hypercoagulable state, we investigated effect of PTX3, in vitro, on platelet aggregation, by incubating whole blood from healthy donors with PTX3 at different conc. A significant inhibition of platelet aggregation was seen at a conc of PTX3 of 200-400 ng/ml. This inhibition was ameliorated as concentration was increasing. These results might suggest PTX3 as a counter-regulatory molecule rather than inducer in atherosclerosis and its complications. Further investigations are required to study effect of PTX3 on platelet function and vascular smooth muscle cells.
Voltammetric Method for the Determination of Lactic Acid Using a Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Cobalt Phthalocyanine

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A non-enzymatic lactic acid sensor was fabricated by a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPC). The electrochemical behavior of CoPC modified electrode in lactic acid solutions was characterized by cyclic voltammetry. Results showed that the modified electrode exhibits good catalytic activity for the oxidation of lactic acid at 1.18 V versus saturated Ag/AgCl reference electrode. It had an operational pH range of 3.6-1.6 and showed the linear dynamic range from 11.9 mM to 188 mM of lactic acid at pH 2.0 with good reproducibility. The detection limit was found to be 1.54 mM (3σ). Our study also found that ascorbic acid, malic acid, EDTA, oxalic acid, and citric acids were the interfering species to the electrode while melonic acid, maleic acid, fumeric acid, and stearic acid showed no interference effect on the electrode performance.
The impact of chronic diseases on the Polish labour market potential in the context of the aging of the labour forces in Poland

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Celem omówionego w artykule badania była ocena wpływu obserwowanej „epidemii” chorób przewlekłych na potencjał polskiego rynku pracy. Przedstawiono wpływ choroby na wielkość utraconej produktywności kapitału ludzkiego w kontekście obserwowanych procesów demografi cznych. Zaprezentowano wyniki analizy zróżnicowania parametrów charakteryzujących liczbę utraconych potencjalnych lat zdrowego życia (DALYs) z powodu chorób przewlekłych w zależności od wieku i płci. Na podstawie danych statystycznych Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia dokonano oceny natężenia badanego zjawiska w Polsce na tle średnich wartości obserwowanych wśród krajów Unii Europejskiej oraz w grupie krajów o wysokim poziomie dochodu sklasyfi kowanych zgodnie z metodologią Banku Światowego.
Mixed motives and racial bias: The impact of legitimate and illegitimate criteria on decision making.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Recent high-profile court rulings addressing the influence of illegitimate information--such as race--on decision making have highlighted the difficulty of establishing whether and when discrimination has occurred. One factor complicating such efforts is that decision makers are often simultaneously influenced by racial and nonracial information. The authors examined the psychological processes underlying such mixed-motive decision making, demonstrating how legitimate information can be manipulated to justify preferences based on illegitimate factors such as race. Study 1 showed that Black candidates were favored over White candidates in hypothetical college admissions decisions, although participants justified their decisions using nonracial information, and further showed that participants' levels of prejudice predicted both which candidate was chosen and how those choices were justified. Study 2 demonstrated that these justifications were not simply strategic and post hoc but also occurred as a natural part of the process of evaluating candidates. Discussion focuses on policy and legal implications for employment discrimination, affirmative action, and courtroom proceedings.
Five Critical Problems in English Language Teaching (ELT) and their Possible Solutions

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract: Learning a language is a hard work, teachers will also do hard works to facilitate their students accomplish their objectives and targets. Therefore, the writer tried to sum up all her experiences in English language teaching for the past five years about all problems which might be faced by teachers and their possible solutions. This study is a descriptive study which discusses the data through words and documentation technique. The data were taken from observation and documentation technique. It was found that there are five critical problems in English language teaching. They are (1) Students’ Low Motivation, (2) Big Classes, (3) Limited Resources, (4) Teaching Strategies, and (5) Teachers’ Teaching Skill.
Keywords: Critical Problems and English Language Teaching (ELT) and solutions

Abstrak: Pembelajaran bahasa menuntut kerja keras, tenaga pengajar juga dituntut untuk bekerja ekstra dalam memfasilitasi siswanya untuk mencapai tujuan dan target mereka. Oleh karena itu, penulis mencoba untuk merangkum seluruh pengalamannya dalam lima tahun terakhir mengenai pengajaran bahasa Inggris dan permasalahan yang timbul di dalamnya beserta solusi yang mungkin dapat diterapkan. Studi ini merupakan studi deskriptif. Pengumpulan data diambil dari hasil observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ditemukannya lima pemasalahan penting dalam pengajaran Bahasa Inggris, yaitu: (1) Motivasi siswa yang rendah, (2) Jumlah Siswa yang banyak, (3) Bahan ajar yang terbatas, (4) Strategi pengajaran, dan (5) Kemampuan mengajar guru.
Kata kunci: Critical Problem, English Language Teaching (ELT) dan solusi
Effective management of student affairs in higher education : a study of financial aid

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Tertiary education campuses are no more the heart of peacefulness and scholastic study. They are turned into battlefields, administration and lecture hall buildings become the objects of siege, invasion and occupation. This is caused by the demands by students for adequate financial aid, the declining financial resources from government and the government's call for more access to tertiary education especially for the historically disadvantaged students. \nThe problems in tertiary education pertain not only to financial problems, they also include cultural diversity, social and political issues. The financial aid to tertiary institutions is the main theme in this research. The research is based on a study of international and South African tertiary education systems in order to find ways to manage student affairs in tertiary education effectively and efficiently and to establish management strategies that will be acceptable to students, management, parents, all stakeholders and interest groups. In the end the management in tertiary education institutions should be able to effect the transformation based on the profound deficiencies of the present system which inhibit Higher Education's ability to meet the moral, social and economic demands of the new South Africa in the context of national and global opportunities and challenges.
Health-Care Personnel's Perspective on COVID-19 Vaccination – A Cross-Sectional Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The COVID pandemic was a modern world disaster which had physical, psychological, and economical impact among the people. This made the governing agencies and others to rollout vaccine in a prompt basis. The objectives were to assess the attitude of health-care personnel toward COVID-19 vaccination using online survey and to assess the willingness of COVID-19 vaccination and factors affecting it among health-care personnel. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using web-based platforms among 471 health-care personnel's within a period of a month (December 2020–January 2021). The study was conducted after obtaining institution ethic committee approval and informed consent. The questionnaire contains sociodemographic detail, COVID profile section, and questions which reveal the beliefs and attitude toward vaccination particularly COVID-19. The data collected was entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 16 software. Results: Among the participants, 56 (11.9%) were diagnosed with COVID-19 and 119 (25.3%) were not willing to take vaccine. Participants who were hesitant about the role of vaccine in immunity, afraid of side effects, doubtful about effectiveness and protection and who doubt about the production involving cost and supply have showed unwillingness to vaccination ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: A quarter of the present study population showed unwillingness to take COVID vaccine, and evidence of uncertainty about the vaccine safety and production was exposed in the study. The results should be looked upon gravely as the issues appeared here can be maximized when the vaccine rollout happens in public.