jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
TWO-PHASE LOW CONDUCTIVITY FLOW IMAGING USING MAGNETIC INDUCTION TOMOGRAPHY

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT) is a new and emerging type of tomography technique that is able to map the distribution of all three passive electromagnetic properties, however most of the current interests are focusing on the conductivity and permeability imaging.In an MIT system, coils are used as separate transmitters or sensors, which can generate the background magnetic field and detect the perturbed magnetic field respectively.Through switching technique the same coil can work as transceiver which can generate field at a time and detect the field at another time.Because magnetic field can easily penetrate through the non-conductive barrier, the sensors do not need direct contact with the imaging object.These non-invasive and contactless features make it an attractive technique for many applications compared to the traditional contact electrode based electrical impedance tomography.Recently, MIT has become a promising monitoring technique in industrial process tomography, for example MIT has been used to determine the distribution of liquidised metal and gas (high conductivity two phase flow monitoring) for metal casting applications.In this paper, a low conductivity two phase flow MIT imaging is proposed so the reconstruction of the low contrast samples (< 6 S/m) can be realised, e.g., gas/ionised liquid.An MIT system is developed to test the feasibility.The system utilises 16 coils (8 transmitters and 8 receivers) and an operating frequency of 13 MHz.Three different experiments were conducted to evaluate all possible situations of two phase flow imaging: 1) conducting objects inside a non-conducting background, 2) conducting objects inside a conducting background (low contrast) and 3) non-conducting objects inside a conducting background.Images are reconstructed using the linearised inverse method with regularisation.An experiment was designed to image the non-conductive samples inside a conducting
You’re in cruel England now!: Teaching research ethics through reality TV

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This paper reports findings from a one-year research project funded by the Higher Education Academy (HEA) Psychology Network. The research aimed to explore the use of ‘reality television’ in teaching research ethics to Psychology undergraduates and in this paper we report on those findings that have particular relevance for qualitative research methods. Experience of teaching research ethics suggests that students can find the process of thinking through ethical issues in qualitative work quite challenging. Ethical issues in qualitative research can be subtly different from, or more complex than, those raised by quantitative studies, and yet most text books that deal with research ethics tend to focus on the latter. We will present findings from our research project which suggest that using familiar material such as TV programmes, and in particular ‘reality TV’, can be effective in helping students address ethical issues in qualitative research. Fifteen second year psychology undergraduates were shown an extract from an episode of Big Brother (Channel 4). They were then asked to discuss in small groups the ethical issues they felt it raised, and these discussions were audio recorded. Subsequently, they were asked to apply their thinking to a research brief by discussing the ethical issues it raised, suggesting ideas for design and then writing a research proposal. In this paper we report findings from the first stage of the project. We present evidence from the discussion groups indicating that the TV material had promoted an in-depth consideration of some ethical issues that can be challenging for students to address in relation to qualitative work, notably informed consent, confidentiality and risk of harm.
Islands as the Origin/End of the World: Ethnographic Imaginations from the Penghu (Taiwan) and Yaeyama (Okinawa) Islands

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This paper conducts a contrapuntal reading of literary texts by Lu Ze-zhi (Penghu) and Sakiyama Tami (Yaeyama), and explores how ethnographic representations of folk beliefs, rituals, and customs are appropriated to expose the barren realities of the remote islands. Analyzing these literary productions as social criticism and social practice, I explore how the literary experiments of the authors function to challenge both the orientalist gaze of modernized societies and the self-orientalizing inclinations in local cultural movements. Defining the two works as counter-narratives of the linear progressive discourse of modernity, I discuss how modernist/postmodernist representations of auto/anti-ethnographic imagination from the islands can help us to interrogate the humanist fantasies of disembodiment and autonomy by exposing the wretched bodies of the islanders.
Immunologie in de medische praktijk. VII. Psoriasis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A new hypothesis of the pathogenesis of psoriasis holds that psoriasis is an epidermal hyperproliferative disorder resulting from abnormal interaction between T cells and basal layer stem cell keratinocytes. New therapies aimed at reducing T cell activity are most successful, as exemplified by the efficacy of systemic cyclosporine in severe cases of psoriasis. New developments in immunogenetics and immunodermatology are anticipated and it is expected that they will fully explain the chain of pathological events
Wideband CPS-fed dipole antenna

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, the sudden growth in the wireless communication services has brought about a demand for bandwidth, especially in low cost consumer communication applications. Ultra wide band (UWB) dipole antenna presents a good perspective for these applications. Unlike monopole antennas, dipole antenna does not need a ground plane to radiate. Among these UWB dipole antennas, there is the micropstrip dipole antennas that are frequently used in today’s wireless communication systems because of their low profile, light weight and low production cost, which have been widely researched and developed in the recent twenty years. Nevertheless, there are still several disadvantages of microstrip dipole antennas, with the main concern being its narrow operation bandwidth. Because of this, Coplanar Stripline (CPS) -fed dipole antenna is introduced. The CPS-fed dipole antenna exhibit wider bandwidth as compared to the microstrip dipole antenna, and thus, it is suitable for time domain applications. In this Final Year Project, the student is to explore a wideband CPS-fed dipole antenna in order to directly integrate with other circuit blocks on a coplanar stripline. The student will need to understand the principle of this antenna and to optimally design this antenna by a design software, which is the Advanced Design System (ADS) produced by Agilent EEsof EDA. The target of this antenna is to achieve a S11 Return-Loss Power Value of less than -10 dB within the frequency range of 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz. This report will first talk about the theory of the dipole antenna and the coplanar stripline associated with this project. It will then focus on the design methodology, showing step-by-step procedures that had to be performed in the entire antenna design process. Next, the report will show the test results obtained by the student, as well as the analysis made. Finally, the report will end off with a conclusion which talks about the priceless skills and experience that the student has gained during the entire course of this Final Year Project.
Prediction of the Omp16 Epitopes for the Development of an Epitope-based Vaccine Against Brucellosis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background: Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by Brucella bacteria that cause disease in animals and humans. Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases transmitted from animals-to-human through direct contact with infected animals and also consumption of unpasteurized dairy products. Due to the wide incidence of brucellosis in Iran and economical costs in industrial animal husbandry, Vaccination is the best way to prevent this disease. All of the available commercial vaccines against brucellosis are derived from live attenuated strains of Brucella but because of the disadvantage of live attenuated vaccines, protective subunit vaccine against Brucella may be a good candidate for the production of new recombinant vaccines based on Brucella Outer Membrane Protein (OMP) antigens. In the present study, comprehensive bioinformatics analysis has been conducted on prediction software to predict T and B cell epitopes, the secondary and tertiary structures and antigenicity of Omp16 antigen and the validation of used software confirmed by experimental results. Conclusion: The final epitope prediction results have proposed that the three epitopes were predicted for the Omp16 protein with antigenicity ability. We hypothesized that these epitopes likely have the protective capacity to stimulate both the B-cell and T-cell mediated immune responses and so may be effective as an immunogenic candidate for the development of an epitope-based vaccine against brucellosis.
Exploring wind farm reliability: Key concepts, databases and fault Trees

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This review delves into the reliability of wind farms, aiming to identify and assess the reliability of critical components which are essential for their dependable operation. By synthesizing data from various surveys, this study isolates key components crucial to the sustained functionality of wind farms. Each identified component undergoes a thorough assessment using fault tree analysis, providing a detailed evaluation of its impact on the overall reliability of wind energy systems. To achieve this goal, this study explores systematically the failure rates and downtimes of crucial elements within wind farms, such as wind turbines, transformers, HVDC/HVAC systems, and circuit breakers. For an in-depth exploration of transformer failures, numerous surveys from Japan, Brazil, the United Kingdom, and CIGRE have been reviewed. The examination extends to cable systems, encompassing AC and DC configurations in marine and submarine environments, incorporating findings from 59 utility entities across 19 countries. Furthermore, the study scrutinizes circuit breaker failure rates by analyzing data from 27 utilities representing 13 countries. Additionally, to assess the reliability of wind farms, this review introduces a Fault Tree Analysis, categorizing wind farms subsystems and providing insights for reliability allocation and operation and maintenance management. The findings not only shed light on strategies to enhance wind farm reliability but also offer a valuable road map for future research directions and industry best practices.
Optimization of Timelinks in Semiconductor Manufacturing

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Impact of timelinks to semiconductor manufacturing has risen due to shrinking technology sizes. Their operational control defines on the one hand how good the time restrictions are met and on the other the impact to fab capacity. This paper discusses both aspects and the influencing factors like uptime stability, length of the timelink etc. A control approach is proposed, evaluated, and discussed. Furthermore, a monitoring system is introduced that enables for fast decision making and optimization of the control parameters. Finally, a simulation study is done for evaluating different parameters and impact of influencing factors.
Palladium-Mediated Carbonylative Suzuki Coupling for DNA-Encoded Library Synthesis

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Developing new DNA-compatible reactions is key to expanding the accessible chemical space of DNA-encoded library (DEL) technology. Here we disclose the first report of a DNA-compatible carbonylative Suzuki coupling of DNA-conjugated (hetero)aryl iodides with (hetero)aryl boronic acids to access di(hetero)aryl ketones, a valuable structural motif present within several approved or clinically advanced small molecules. The reported DNA-compatible, Pd(OAc)2-mediated system is mild, uses a robust protocol, has a wide substrate scope for both coupling partners, is suitable for large-scale DEL productions, and provides a source of previously unexplored chemical matter for DEL screens.
Development of a low profile and light weight UHF antenna

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With the vast applications of wireless technology, the demand for custom made antennas is high as we need to cater to each and every individual system requirements. This project mainly focuses on the design and development of novel antenna for commercial demands. The main objective of this project is to make the antenna lightweight, rigid and also low cost to fabricate. This report presents the design and development of a cavity-backed slot antenna using simulation software, High Frequency Simulator Software (HFSS). By the end of the project, this cavity-backed slot antenna is successfully designed, optimized and tested. Two cavity backed antenna will be constructed. The dimension and material are the same; the difference is the feeding network where one of them is using co-axial cable while the other is using strip line. Measurement results shows good matching with simulation and also all antenna specifications and requirements are met. Few designs of the housing of antenna are also constructed.
Characteristics of recording history according to Miskawayh through his book (Tajarub Al Umam wa Taaqaub Al hemam)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Objectives: The approaches to recording history varied according to the diversity of the orientations of the historians who wrote history. Some of them took the annual approach as a basis in writing their books, such as Al-Tabari and Ibn Al-Jawzi, and some of them took the approach of combining annuals and topics, such as Al-Yaqoubi and Ibn Kathir, and some of them took local history as an approach. To write down the history of Islamic cities, such as Ibn Tayfur, and there are those who made the history of geography and travel a method for their writing, such as Al-Masoudi and Ibn Hawqal. Miskawayh was one of the historians who distinguished himself by writing down political history with a philosophical outlook, and this is what distinguished him from others. ‌ Methodology: The study relied on the historical research approach to analyze the topic of our research (the experiences of nations and the succession of aspirations), in which it was distinguished by mentioning beneficial experiences that can be benefited from in the coming of days due to the admonition and wisdom they contain. He also did not neglect to refer to events that he mentioned briefly so that it is known. The reader is aware of it so that he is not accused of negligence Results: A study of the characteristics of recording history according to Miskawayh, from his book (Experiments of Nations), presenting some matters of his personal and practical life, and a simple review of his writings. I divided the research into two sections: the first includes the life of the historian (his biography, his upbringing, starting with his name and surname, then His birth, his behavior in life, his family, his death, his friends, his contemporaries, and finally his resources in writing history in general and the experiences of nations in particular. Conclusion: Despite the diversity of writings on Islamic history in the fourth century AH and the diversity of other sciences, as a result of the cultural and intellectual prosperity in this era in the history of the Abbasid state, the emergence of the historian Miskawayh as one of the pioneers in historical criticism had an effective impact on Through his review of history and his criticism through the books he wrote in various scientific fields. .
Control of Secondary Pests, 1988

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Cotton was planted 15 Apr at the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station annex farm in Mercedes. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 5 replicates. Plots were 2 beds wide and 40 ft long with 2 beds of sorghum between plots and 20-ft alleys between plots in rows. Applications were made with a tractor-mounted CO2-powered sprayer that delivered 20 gal/acre. Three nozzles were used for each bed, 1 over the top of plants and 1 on a drop on each side of the plants. All plots were treated with cypermethrin (0.01 lb [AI]/acre) at 7-d intervals to induce secondary pest population increases. Experimental treatments consisted of applications of Curacron 8 EC (0.75 lb [AI]/acre) to control secondary pests at various action threshold levels based on survey counts of pests from the previous week. Surveys were conducted at 7-d intervals by collecting the third fully expanded leaf down from the terminal of each of 3 plants/plot. Leaves were returned to the laboratory and mites and aphids were counted.
Exploring Tourist Experiences in Kampung Beng Homestay Programme

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Throughout the course of any tour, the tourist invariably accrues a range of experiences. Such experiences constitute a perpetual flow of thoughts and feelings that occur during moments of consciousness. The outcome of an experience depends on how an individual, in a specific mood and state of mind, reacts to his or her interactions with the destination. Therefore, tourism service providers must know how a destination enhances the experiences of a tourist, thereby leaving a positive impression and encouraging consumption of all that a destination has to offer. This study used Schmitt’s (1999) experiential modules to elucidate attractions in Kampung Beng, Lenggong, a well-known homestay destination in the state of Perak, Malaysia. Based on a qualitative analysis of the experiences of tourists, we found them amenable to Schmitt’s (1999) classification of experience which includes sensory experiences (sensing), emotional experiences (feeling), thinking experiences (thought), operational experiences (action), and related experiences (belonging). Our findings indicate that Kampung Beng has the potential to become a prestigious tourist attraction, given enough investment, as its natural resources and value-added elements can produce memorable tourist experiences, thereby motivating tourists to return.
Painful Trigger Points in Surgical Scars

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A group of 69 patients with painful trigger points in operative scars were treated following abdominal, inguinal, lumbar, or extremity surgery. Patients undergoing thoracotomies, neurosurgical procedures, or limb amputations, and patients with neurotic features or seeking secondary gains were excluded. The diagnosis was made by finding one or more definite, consistent, tender trigger points in the scar in which total, transient relief of pain was provided by injection of bupivacaine. Repeated injections of alcohol into the trigger point proved to be a simple, safe, and effective treatment with permanent cure or marked improvement in 63 (91%) patients.
AS GÍRIAS INFLUENTES ENTRE O GRUPO DE VISITANTES DE PENITENCIÁRIAS / THE INFLUENTIAL SLATES AMONG THE PENITENTIARY VISITORS GROUP

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Neste trabalho propomos identificar e definir os signos linguísticos dos grupos de visitantes das unidades prisionais, que se desloca para o município de Presidentes Bernardes. Com esse objetivo delimitado, os processos metodológicos se respaldaram em uma análise qualitativa e exploratória após uma pergunta norteadora e a compreensão dos dados, ocorreu de acordo com a análise de linguagem realizado por Cruz e Tito (2016). Através das informações qualitativas foram identificadas sete gírias, palavras que possibilitam entender o universo que envolve a realidade carcerária e os indivíduos que estão envolvidos. Por fim, acredita-se que os conhecimentos das gírias podem aproximar o entrevistador dos entrevistados, facilitando assim, o trabalho de campo que será a próxima etapa deste trabalho.
Virtual Judgment Proofing: A Rejoinder

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the future, and to the greatest extent possible, Sara Lee will be a virtual company, putting its virtual name on things it doesn't make.'Before Manville, big businesses paid their tort liabilities.In its 1982 bankruptcy reorganization, Manville's investors lost nearly the entire value of the company-over $2 billion-to tort creditors.The damages from Union Carbide's 1984 release of toxic chemicals that killed 4000 people in Bhopal, India were estimated in the billions of dollars before the courts came to Union Carbide's rescue.The following year, A.H. Robins took a $2.5 billion hit from Dalkon Shield claimants, 4 and a Texas jury awarded Pennzoil $11 billion in a tort case against Texaco. 5 In 1989, the Exxon Valdez spilled oil that led to over $9 billion in judgments against Exxon. 6Now, the tobacco companies' tort liabilities are estimated in the hundreds of billions. 7These cases mark a historic shift in the nature and magnitude of liability.In Corporate Judgment Proofing,' Professor James J. White argues-and indeed claims to have proven empirically-that big businesses have erected no legal defenses in response.To do so, he argues, would have been futile.The companies' lenders and trading partners would not have permitted it. 9 The courts would have disregarded limited liability and deemed the companies' t
Dietary nitrogen and phosphorus depletion in cattle and their effects on liveweight gain, blood metabolite concentrations and phosphorus kinetics

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY In a 15-week animal-house experiment, 24 steers were offered one of six diets based on molasses and ad libitum barley straw. Three levels of dietary nitrogen (N) and three levels of dietary phosphorus (P), in factorial combination, were formulated by the addition of urea, formaldehyde-treated wheat gluten and monosodium orthophosphate. Food intake, liveweight gain, plasma metabolites and P kinetics were measured under dietary regimens similar to those experienced by cattle grazing Australia's northern semi-arid rangelands. The adverse effect of the low dietary N on both liveweight change and feed intake was greater and more immediate than that of the dietary P deficiency. The reduction in feed intake due to the P deficiency approached that caused by the N deficiency after 10 weeks. Under conditions of adequate dietary N, there was a trend for the effects of P deficiency on liveweight gain to be exacerbated. Dietary N and P deficiency reduced the concentrations of plasma urea-N and inorganic P respectively. Dietary N deficiency had no effect on cortical rib bone thickness but P deficiency markedly decreased bone thickness. Faecal endogenous loss of P and P absorption efficiency ranged from 9 to 21 mg/kg LW and 0·63 to 0·82 respectively for P intakes from 6 to 41 mg·kg LW. Faecal endogenous losses were closely related to dry matter intake and plasma inorganic P together. Dietary N deficiency affected the efficiency of absorption of P. The results of this experiment indicate that cattle consuming diets containing low levels of N and P require supplementary N and P in combination to avoid severe depletion since an increase in N intake alone exacerbated the P deficiency. The results are also discussed in relation to the published findings regarding P metabolism and the implications for the calculation of P requirements.