jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Health Promotion at the Ballpark

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The arrival of a new summer collegiate baseball league franchise to a small central New York city was seen as an opportunity for health promotion. The initiative was set up to explore two overarching questions: (1) Are summer collegiate baseball events acceptable to local public health organizations as viable places for health promotion activities addressing local health issues? (2) Are summer collegiate baseball organizations amenable to health promotion activities built in to their fan and/or player experiences? Planning and implementation were guided by precede–proceed, social cognitive theory, social marketing, and diffusion of innovations constructs. Environmental changes were implemented to support healthy eating and nontobacco use by players and fans; four health awareness nights were implemented at home games corresponding to local public health priorities and included public service announcements, between inning quizzes, information dissemination at concession and team market locations, and special guests. Sales and fan feedback support mostly healthy concession offerings and a tobacco-free ballpark; postseason evaluations from team staff and public health partners support continuing the trials of this sports event as a venue for health promotion.
Religiosity and videogames

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The study of video games in the context of religious studies of popular culture is one of the fastest growing fields. Here the interests of researchers of games, media, modern religious processes, youth and many other fields of research intersect. In this article we will turn to how the “effects” paradigm manifests itself in the field of video games, an approach to the study of popular culture through the prism of its influence on a person or society as a whole. Here the tradition of phenomenological and structuralist research turns out to be important, and the main conclusion is the danger, some destructive potential of games. The strong influence of video games on the minds is noted not only by researchers, but also by representatives of religious organizations that specifically create computer games for educational, missionary and, generally speaking, entertainment purposes.An alternative to such a focus is being sought and found by researchers from the interdisciplinary field of studying video games and religion, which is already developing in the 21st century. There is a study of communities of gamers, the narratives they create, and research from the field of social psychology and even aesthetics. Video games are no longer perceived only as a carrier of an idea that is potentially dangerous and has a one-sided impact on the consumer, but rather as a space of co-creation, interaction and active participation of all involved - the players, their environment, those who create the games. This field can be a source for new research in the field of contemporary religious processes.
CAVITY FLOW AROUND CAMBERED HYDROFOILS

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract : An analytical study is made of the flow past hydrofoils with large camber at arbitrary angles of attack. The class of hydrofoils considered is restricted to those whose hodograph plane has a shape very near that bounded by two circular arcs. Under this assumption a general method is derived to calculate the parameters of the flow. In addition, a short-cut procedure is introduced for estimating the lift and drag coefficients. As a numerical example to illustrate the theory the flow past a circular-arc foil is considered. The force coefficients are in good agreement with the values computed by Rosenhead.
Nonlinear digital carrier synchronization for Rician fading channels

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The nonlinear digital carrier synchronizer is proposed for phase estimation on the fading channel. This architecture's noncausal structure, efficient digital implementation, hangup-free operation, and near-optimum performance at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are postulated to produce near-ideal bit error probability (BEP) performance in fading channels. A method of evaluating the BEP of a digital quadrature PSK. (QPSK) demodulator in the presence of a noisy phase reference and Rician fading is presented. This result is used to obtain accurate performance approximations for the nonlinear digital carrier synchronization architecture.< >
Chapter 5. Institutional and Structural Barriers to the Adoption of Children with Disabilities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Attention to special needs children and their adoption significantly developed in this period, giving rise to an age of "special needs adoptions." Agencies, parents, physicians, and policymakers all intensified their efforts to place waiting, disabled children in adoptive families and to characterize them as unequivocally adoptable. On the level of rhetoric, at least, these children finally belonged. Chapter Five explores the practical reasons why, despite this heightened commitment, reticence about adopting children with disabilities persisted and why their permanent placement turned out to be more complicated and difficult than originally anticipated. Sufian argues that even though tools existed to successfully facilitate placement, stubborn institutional and structural barriers thwarted agency efforts, resulting in an insufficient number of parents to fill children's overwhelming need for adoptive families. Barriers included the sheer number of disabled children in foster care, the changing profile of children with disabilities, a persistent prejudicial vision of separate services, and numerous other structural, bureaucratic, and budgetary obstacles that frustrated successful outcomes. Fundamentally, however, there were just simply not enough prospective parents to fulfill the critical need.
High Performance Metal-Based Nanocomposite Thermal Interface Materials Toward Enhanced Cooling Efficiency in Electronic Applications

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The inefficient dissipation of heat is a crucial problem that limits the reliability and performance of all electronic devices. Since devices have become progressively smaller, more powerful, and more complex, they dissipate much larger amounts of heat. Currently, thermal greases, epoxy-based composites, phase change materials and solders are the most common types of thermal interface materials (TIMs) used for efficient dissipation of heat. Herein, we describe next-generation TIMs with thermal resistivity lower than existing solder TIMs and with stiffness comparable with existing epoxy-based TIMs. The approach has involved the incorporation of soft ligand functionalized boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) in a silver metal matrix to fabricate nanocomposite TIMs. BNNS was functionalized with thiosemicarbazide (TSC) such that they have a thiol group sticking out for functionalization. Then, the TSC-BNNS was dispersed in a silver matrix using a novel electrocodeposition method where silver and TSC-BNNS are deposited on a cathode in the presence of an electric field and potential difference to form nanocomposite TIMs. The thermal conductivities were found to be 318 W.m -1 .K -1 . Later, mechanical properties of the developed TIMs investigated using nanoindentation technique showed a reduced modulus of 34.9 GPa. There was more than two-fold reduction reduced modulus of silver matrix in presence of TSC-BNNS. The hardness value corresponding to this sample was about 379 MPa, which is about 3 times lower than the measured hardness values of pure silver (950 MPa). For these materials, the total thermal resistance across interface was calculated to be 0.19-0.45 mm 2 .K.W -1 for a bond line thickness of 20-100 μm. Considering two extreme cases of epoxy-based and pure silver shim TIMs, our results are significant in advancing the current state of art for TIMs.
Injury and illness among onshore workers in Alaska's seafood processing industry: Analysis of workers’ compensation claims, 2014‐2015

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background Alaska's onshore seafood processing industry is economically vital and hazardous. Methods Accepted Alaska workers’ compensation claims data from 2014 to 2015 were manually reviewed and coded with the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System and associated work activity. Workforce data were utilized to calculate rates. Results 2,889 claims of nonfatal injuries/illnesses were accepted for compensation. The average annual claim rate was 63 per 1000 workers. This was significantly higher than Alaska's all‐industry rate of 44 claims per 1000 workers (RR = 1.42, 95%CI = 1.37‐1.48). The most frequently occurring injuries/illnesses, were by nature, sprains/strains/tears ( n = 993, 36%); by body part, upper limbs (1212, 43%); and by event, contact with objects/equipment (1020, 37%) and overexertion/bodily reaction (933, 34%). Incidents associated with seafood processing/canning/freezing ( n = 818) frequently involved: repetitive motion; overexertion while handling pans, fish, and buckets; and contact with fish, pans, and machinery. Conclusions Ergonomic and safety solutions should be implemented to prevent musculoskeletal injuries/illnesses in seafood processing.
Effects of Simultaneous versus Staged VAC Placement in the Treatment of Deep Neck Multiple-Space Infections at a Tertiary Hospital Over a Four-Year Period in China

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Weijiao Liu,1,2,* Wei Gu,1,* Xiaofeng Jin,1,* Jian Wang1,3 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital Pinggu Campus, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jian WangDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail wangjianent@126.comPurpose: Surgical drainage is an essential part of treatment for deep neck infections (DNIs) or deep neck multiple-space infections (DNMIs). With the emergence and application of new technologies and new materials, vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) in the treatment of DNMIs has been reported. However, reports on the timing of VAC placement are limited. Herein, we compared simultaneous versus staged VAC placement in the treatment of DNMIs.Patients and Methods: Medical data from 24 patients with DNMIs who had received VAC treatment in the last five years were analyzed. The patients were classified into a simultaneous VAC placement group (11 patients) and a staged VAC placement group (13 patients) according to the timing of VAC placement when incision and drainage were performed.Results: No differences in baseline characteristics were found between the two groups. All patients in the two groups survived and recovered. The hospitalization duration (days), time to wound healing (days), number of debridement procedures, and disease course (days) in the simultaneous VAC placement group and staged VAC placement group were 10 (4– 18) and 22 (8– 35), 21 (4– 39) and 50 (9– 86), one (1– 2) and two (1– 4), and 31.5 (11– 49) and 56 (19– 98), respectively. The results in the simultaneous VAC placement group were better than those in the staged VAC placement group (P = 0.001, 0.016, 0.045, and 0.016, respectively). The numbers of VAC sponge changes in the simultaneous VAC placement group and staged VAC placement group were two (1– 2) and two (1– 4), respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P = 0.336).Conclusion: Simultaneous VAC placement during incision and drainage may shorten the wound healing time, hospitalization duration, and disease course and may reduce the number of debridement procedures.Keywords: deep neck multiple-space infections, DNMIs, necrotizing fasciitis, surgical treatment, negative pressure wound therapy
Public health does not need to be led by doctorsForAgainst

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

# Public health does not need to be led by doctors {#article-title-2} For years lead positions in public health have been restricted to those with a medical background, and it is still impossible for individuals to be accredited as specialists in public health without medical training. But does such exclusivity have repercussions? Here a professor of epidemiology and two directors of public health present their views. # For {#article-title-3} Public health is the science and art of promoting, protecting, and improving health and wellbeing through organised efforts of society.1 It encompasses all influences throughout life and, because the diversity is crucial, must be multidisciplinary.2 Whether medical training enables unique qualities for leadership in public health is certainly plausible but unproved, and justifications have so far been little more than special pleading. Public health in the United Kingdom is, and has been, led by many people from several core disciplines: Chadwick, Chalmers, Cochrane, Day, Davey Smith, Doll, Farr, Greenwood, Hill, Morris, Nightingale, Peto, Rose, Titmus, Stacey to name but a few. It will surely continue to do so. Yet for half a century a medical hegemony (legitimate or otherwise) has implied medical ownership and protection of careers, training, and accreditation in public health. All top public health jobs in the NHS and elsewhere from the chief medical officer down are protected, if not by law, by the BMA. It remains impossible to be accredited as a specialist in public health and, until quite recently, to attend postgraduate public health courses without a medical training. Funding for training and career opportunities are still grossly unequal and all this has clearly tended to confine others to roles different from, or ancillary to, public health. Until the need for this is satisfactorily justified it is a scandal. The academic sector is only now becoming an exception, where for too long the research, the teaching (exclusively of doctors), … Correspondence to: Edward Coyle
GC-MS PROFILE, ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIFUNGAL, AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF ROOT OF VANDA TESSELLATA AN EPIPHYTIC ORCHID

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background:The presence of phytochemical constituents has been reported from species of the Orchidaceae. Hitherto no reports exist on the GC-MS Profile of Vanda tessellata Hook. Ex G. Don which was an epiphyte from the sacred groove of Penchalikona of Andhra Pradesh.\n\nObjective:The current study was to determine the antibacterial, antifungal,anticancer activities, and GC-MS profiles of the root of Vanda tessellata Hook. Ex G. Don.\n\nMaterials and Methods:The root of the Vanda tessellata Hook. Ex G. Don which was an epiphytic orchid from the sacred groove of Penchalikona of Andhra Pradesh.\n\nAn in-vitro evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activity was performed by disc diffusion method and dilution technique, and anticancer activity was performed by SAB assay.\n\nGas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the root extracts of Vanda tessellata Hook. Ex G. Don was performed on GC-MS equipment (GCMSQP2010, SHIMADZU).\n\nResults:The GC-MS profile has shown the presence of different phytochemical compounds in the epiphytic root of Vanda tessellata Hook. Ex G. Don. A total of 33 compounds were identified. Furthermore, the results of antibacterial and antifungal tests (both primary and secondary) shown that substantial antibiotic activity, and the anticancer activity results are shown inactivity.\n\nConclusion:From the results, it is evident that epiphytic root extracts of Vanda tessellata Hook. Ex G. Don has shown substantial antibacterial, and antifungal activity and GC-MS profile revealed the 33 analytes confirming the root was a source of therapeutic compounds useful for the pharmaceutical applications.
The Correlation between Coastal Economic Development and Inland Transportation Smoothness

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Yin, G. and Peng, J., 2020. The correlation between coastal economic development and inland transportation smoothness. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 247–250. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.The transportation industry is the basic industry for the development of the national economy, and it is interrelated and interdependent with the regional economy. This article aims to study the correlation between coastal economic development and the smoothness of inland transportation. To this end, selecting Fujian province as the research object, this study builds an evaluation model of transportation dominance and an evaluation index system of coastal economic development level to analyse the evolution characteristics of the traffic dominance and the level of coastal economic development in Fujian province. Then, a coupling coordination evaluation model was constructed to analyse the degree of coupling coordination between coastal economic development and inland transportation. The research results showed that there were significant regional differences in traffic dominance in Fujian province and the space was unevenly distributed, showing a clear centre–periphery pattern. The overall level of coastal economic development in Fujian province from 2013 to 2017 fluctuated slightly, and there were significant differences between the evaluation indicators. There was a high coupling and great interaction between coastal economic development and inland transportation smoothness, but significant differences in coordination. These research findings provide a reference for promoting the coordinated development of coastal economy and inland transportation and have certain theoretical and practical value.
View based approach for recognition of human movement

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

As research in computer vision shifted from processing single, static images to the manipulation of video sequences the concept of movement recognition has become important. Movements are the most atomic primitives, requiring no contextual or sequence knowledge to be recognized. Movement is often addressed using either view-invariant or view specific geometric techniques. Here an attempt is made to develop a view-based approach to recognition of movement that is designed to support the direct recognition of the motion itself without reference to underlying static poses of the body. The basis of the representation is motion history image (MHI) -- a static image where intensity is a function of the recency of motion in a sequence. Then recognition is performed by using both binary and scalar valued versions of the MHI as temporal templates to match against obtained instances of movement.
A Novel Approach to Task Scheduling using The PSO Algorithm based Probability Model in Cloud Computing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the development of cloud computing technology, people not only want to pursue the shortest time to complete the tasks by using cloud computing, but also hope to take into the running costs of machines.Existing task scheduling algorithm in the cloud computing environment has been unable to meet people's needs.As an extension and generalization of the model checking theory, probability model checking is also used in many fields, such as random distributed algorithm and other areas.The task scheduling algorithm based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm combined with probability model is proposed in this paper.The algorithm defines the fitness functions of the time cost and the running cost.The fitness functions can improve the efficiency of the cloud computing platform.At the same time, the probability model can be used to analyze the running states of machines and the computing capability of the nodes in the cloud cluster.The probability, which is calculated by the probability model, provides the basis for changing particle swarm algorithm's the inertia factor and the learning factor, so as to solve the drawback that the inertia factor and the learning factor solely depend on the fixed value.
Societal and Political Cleavages

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The founding elections of 1989 and 1990 were primarily anticommunist plebiscites. In the Czech and Slovak Republics and Poland, though not in Hungary, they introduced the second stage of party building: the organizational differentiation of ideologically heterogeneous and hitherto largely unstructured "civic movements" (Mangott, 1992: 104). Despite the crystallization of milieu parties, especially among Catholic subcultures (Enyedi, 1996), most political parties were weakly rooted in society and suffered from internal factionalization. Party systems were, on the whole, highly fragmented (Segert and Machos, 1995). Riviera (1996) tested the two hypotheses of party building in postauthoritarian systems: the "defreezing" of earlier, fundamental societal cleavages latent or frozen under the communist regime vs. "modes of transition" away from authoritarian systems. He concluded that both factors were less important in East-Central Europe than in Western and Southern Europe. "Rather it is the legacy of the communist authoritarian period — the command economy, the decomposition of civil society and the imposition of one-party rule — that seems to have the greatest effect on the early stages of party formation" (ibid.: 195). Kitschelt (1995a, b) developed a multifactor model for ideal typical conflict configuration in the various postcommunist societies.
Divining Disaster: Using Remote Sensing to Predict Regional Instability in African Pastoral Societies

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract : US Africa Command's (AFRICOM's) mandate and organization are designed to improve the capacity of partner nations to promote regional stability. In the pastoral regions of Africa, rangeland failure stemming from drought, climate change, desertification, and anthropogenic changes is an underlying initiator of regional instability. AFRICOM can improve its capability to predict when, where, and how severely rangeland failure is likely occur. This will increase AFRICOM's ability to improve partner nations' and organizations' capacities to prepare for and manages these crises. Remote sensing of the rangeland failure indicators coupled with predictive modeling can fill some of the information gaps, leaving AFRICOM better prepared to proactively address regional instability.