jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Kinetic Model of Batch Lipase-Catalyzed Esterification Process with Function of Temperature and Water Content

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Lipase-catalyzed esterification process has emerged as an effective technique for the esters formation. The interaction of temperature and water content with catalyst kinetic activity creates a variation in reaction rate that affect the productivity of esters production. In this work, the effect of temperature and water content variation on the kinetics of lipase-catalyzed reaction is analyzed. A mathematical model of the lipase-catalyzed esterification process that considers the effects of temperature and water content on esters dynamics is developed. The developed model is then solved numerically to obtain a better understanding of the ester dynamics at various time scales. As a result, the developed model showed strong predictive capability for the chronological production of esters.
An analysis of how future investors and small financial institutions in New Zealand can avoid the effect of double taxation on corporate profits.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The social, economic and financial implications of corporate taxes are important for corporations because it will affect the status and operations of the business. This paper will evaluate the significance of taxes imposed on corporate income and how to integrate proper tax planning. Qualitative research method are suitable for this research in order to produce data from journal articles and published books. Some research papers might also be useful and taken into consideration to generate valuable finding to answer the objectives of this paper. The results indicate imputation system appears as an effective method for taxes in corporation, an assumption of dividend relief is favourable to decrease corporate tax rate, a rational and conclusive distribution of tax burden can be achieved using imputation system.
RECORDINGS

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article RECORDINGS Get access Johann Sebastian Bach ORGELBUCHLEIN BWV599–644 Jean-Pierre Lecaudey Harmoma Mundi HMC 905191 (CD. rec 1986) ORGELBUCHLEIN BWV599–644 EIGHT SHORT PRELUDES AND FUGUES BWV553–560 FANTASIA AND FUGUE IN A MINOR BWV561 TRIO IN C MINOR BVW585 Hans Fagius BIS CD-329/330 (two CDs. rec 1986) John Kitchen John Kitchen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Early Music, Volume XVI, Issue 3, August 1988, Pages 475–476, https://doi.org/10.1093/earlyj/XVI.3.475 Published: 01 August 1988
Total and size-fractionated Chlorophyll a, species and counts of phytoplankton and ice algae in summer 2010 in the Chukchi Sea

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Phytoplankton and ice algae samples were collected in July and August 2010 in the Chukchi Sea. Total and size-fractionated chlorophylla, algal species and counts were measured. The data were used to interpret the algal community structure associated with the algal bloom and nutrient drawdown in the Chukchi Sea.
Comparison of primers for RAPD-PCR from environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans, Cryptococcus albidus and Cryptococcus laurentii complex.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Various organisms have been characterized by molecular methods, including fungi of the genus Cryptococcus. The purposes of this study were: to determine the discriminatory potential of the RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) primers, the pattern of similarity of the Cryptococcus species, and discuss their useful application in epidemiological studies. We analyzed 10 isolates of each specie/group: C. albidus, C. laurentii complex, C. neoformans var. grubii, all from environmental source, and two ATCC strains, C. neoformans var. grubii ATCC 90112, and C. neoformans var. neoformans ATCC 28957 by RAPD-PCR using the primers CAV1, CAV2, ZAP19, ZAP20, OPB11 and SEQ6. The primers showed a good discriminatory power, revealing important differences between them and between species; the SEQ6 primer discriminated a larger number of isolates of three species. Isolates of C. laurentii showed greater genetic diversity than other species revealed by all six primers. Isolates of C. neoformans were more homogeneous. Only the primer CAV2 showed no amplification of DNA bands for C. albidus. It was concluded that the use of limited number of carefully selected primers allowed the discrimination of different isolates, and some primers (e.g., CAV2 for C. albidus) may not to be applied to some species.
Respite—A Coping Strategy for Family Caregivers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The caregiver respite experience is seen as one way to moderate the negative consequences of caregiving. From an interpretivist research orientation, this study explored how 10 family care-givers of persons with dementia experienced respite. From a coping theoretical perspective, the caregiver respite experience is discussed as a process of “getting out” of the caregiver world, and is linked to avoidance strategies of emotion-focused coping. The following three phases within the coping dimension of the respite experience were found: caregivers recognizing their need to get out of the caregiver world, giving themselves permission to actually get out from it temporarily, and having the appropriate social support resources available to facilitate the getting out. The critical practice and research implications linked to caregivers’ability to acknowledge their need for respite are described.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Sabun Padat dengan Penambahan Limbah Bubuk Coklat

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This paper presents the results of a community service activity conducted in the village of Bloro, Dusun Bloro, Kecamatan Nita, the activity was carried out in the Plea Puli Farmer Group with the aim of utilizing chocolate powder waste. Chocolate powder waste is a byproduct of the process of processing cocoa beans into chocolate powder, the residue from filtering fine chocolate powder that is left to mould, so it has no economic value. With this goal, it provides knowledge, skills, and innovation to the farmer group in utilizing chocolate powder waste for the manufacture of solid soap. The content in the chocolate powder has bioactive compound components in cocoa powder, which is a polyphenol compound that functions as an antioxidant. With training and mentoring to the farmer group, they were taught how to make solid soap with the addition of chocolate powder waste. So that this soap can become a superior product typical of Desa Bloro. The results of adding chocolate powder make the soap light brown and the aroma of the soap is typical of chocolate which is good for skin health. By utilizing chocolate powder waste, the opportunity to generate income can be done by utilizing the waste. One way to utilize the waste is to make solid soap.
A first examination of the interaction between Alternaria alternantherae and Agasicles hygrophila on Alternanthera philoxeroides

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The use of an alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) insect biological control agent, alligatorweed flea beetle (Agasicles hygrophila Selman and Vogt), and the leaf spot plant pathogen, alligatorweed leaf pathogen (Alternaria alternantherae Holcomb and Antonopoulis), may provide enhanced control of alligatorweed infestations if competitive interactions between agents are minimal and damage to host plants are synergistic.However, to assess suitability of co-use of these two agents, it is necessary to first identify whether introduction of one may impact performance of the other.This technical note details a first examination of competitive interactions between A. hygrophila and A. alternantherae under varied temperature and host nutritional conditions.Presented are the results of laboratory experimentation and recommendations for future research.In 1976, a fungal pathogen identified as Alternaria alternantherae (Figure 2) was discovered on A. philoxeroides plants near Baton Rouge, LA (Holcomb and Antonopoulos 1976).The fungus develops small purple lesions on leaves, which become necrotic over time, leading to leaf senescence and abscission from the plant (Holcomb 1978).Although A. alternantherae can be quite damaging when infection rate is high, it was found to infect a number of ornamental species, so its value as a classical biological control agent is equivocal (Holcomb 1978;Pomella et al. 2007).However, the combined use of pathogen application and introduction of the flea beetle has not been attempted, though they are commonly observed affecting the same plants in field settings (Harms and Shearer 2019).Figure 2.An A. philoxeroides leaf infected by the pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternantherae.
Sustainable disposal of edible food byproducts at university research farms

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose Research at agricultural universities often generates food crops that are edible by‐products of the research process. The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that affect decision‐making around the disposal of these crops. Understanding decision‐making suggests how universities might include food crop production into campus sustainability assessments. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative, ethnographic approach is used as, little is known about decision‐making on edible crops at universities; decision‐making was expected to be highly location‐specific and complex. In‐depth interviews with operations staff and participant observation were used. Findings Decision‐making is decentralized and often reflects the values of individual staff regarding the value of the food. Staff use an informal cost‐benefit analysis that reflects the economic, social, environmental trade‐offs of their perceived disposal options. Many decisions reflect a sustainability ethic regarding the higher use‐value of food crops while others reflect instrumental concerns about disposing of unwanted waste products. The complexity of decision‐making suggests it would be difficult to develop a quantitative instrument that would provide meaningful data for a campus sustainability assessment. Practical implications Food production provides another opportunity to improve campus sustainability efforts. Also, qualitative work may be useful to understanding such systems. Originality/value The paper highlights a part of the campus food systems that is rarely studied: the campus as a food producer. It also provides an in‐depth illustration of how qualitative methods may be used to inform the design of campus assessments.
Analysis of rice Act1 5' region activity in transgenic rice plants.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The 5' region of the rice actin 1 gene (Act1) has been developed as an efficient regulator of foreign gene expression in transgenic rice plants. To determine the pattern and level of rice Act1 5' region activity, transgenic rice plants containing the Act1 5' region fused to a bacterial beta-glucuronidase (Gus) coding sequence were generated. Two independent clonal lines of transgenic rice plants were analyzed in detail. Quantitative analysis showed that tissue from these transgenic rice plants have a level of GUS protein that represents as much as 3% of total soluble protein. We were able to demonstrate that Act1-Gus gene expression is constitutive throughout the sporophytic and gametophytic tissues of these transgenic rice plants. Plants from one transgenic line were analyzed for the segregation of GUS activity in pollen by in situ histochemical staining, and the inheritance and stability of Act1-Gus expression were assayed in subsequently derived progeny plants.
Surface Glycoprotein Patterns of B Type Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia Cells Correlate with the Clinical Activity of the Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The surface glycoprotein patterns of leukaemic B lymphocytes from 20 patients with clinically progressive or non‐progressive chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) were investigated. Cells were labelled by the neuraminidase‐galactose oxidase‐tritiated sodium borohydride technique and the radioactive proteins were separated by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis and visualized by fluorography. A total of 13 to 16 bands were detected. A common surface glycoprotein pattern for CLL cells was seen in all patients consisting of 7 proteins with the apparent molecular weights of 210, 200, 185, 150, 135, 110 and 90 kilodaltons, respectively. Interesting differences were, however, observed as cells from patients with progressive CLL in general lacked the glycoproteins 120, 72 and 67 K, which were found on cells from inactive CLL. The possible biological and clinical significance of these findings is discussed.
Temperature dependence of substrate current in silicon CMOS devices

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The temperature dependence of the substrate current in CMOS devices is investigated over the range 20–300 K. It is shown that the simple classical substrate current law is applicable down to near-liquid helium temperature for both n and p channel devices. The exponent factor B of the substrate current law is found to be almost independent of temperature. Moreover, the increase of the substrate current at low temperature is attributed to the temperature variation of the pre-exponent coefficient A of the substrate current law. The modelling of the substrate current as a function of gate and drain voltages is therefore achievable over a wide temperature range provided an accurate drain current model is employed.
Strategi Pengembangan Objek Wisata Tepian Batang Mandau di Desa Balai Pungut Kecamatan Pinggir Kabupaten Bengkalis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Balai Pungut village has a lot of tourism potentials that could be develop to attract visitors more. A SWOT analysis that used in this study to evaluate how well strategies for developing tourism are working. The main goal of this research is to create a development strategy for the Tepian Batang Mandau destination site, while identifying the supporting and also inhibiting factors in that strategy. This research uses a qualitative approach and was carried out in Desa Balai Pungut, Pinggir District, Bengkalis Regency. The data collection was done through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data was then analyzed using SWOT analysis. The result shows that development strategies for Tepian Batang Mandau has been going well. Efforts have been made to improve its appeal, developed the better access, add some supporting facilities, and collaborate with the government to attract visitors more. From the SWOT analysis, absolutely that Tepian Batang Mandau has strong natural resources, which is a big advantage. However, there are still several weaknesses, especially in terms of supporting infrastructure. Some of the issues include a lack of clean water, limited lighting at the site, no directional signs to guide visitors, lack of cleanliness, and the unavailability of entrance tickets. These problems could make it harder for the site to grow and attract more tourists. On the bright side, the development of the site is supported by its tourism potential, its natural appeal, and the active involvement of local communities. Which said, there are also a lot of obstacles, such as poor infrastructure, low investment, lack of environmental awareness, limited skilled human resources, overlapping regulations, weak promotion, and lack of collaboration with investors. This study recommends that the community and local government should be cooperate to preserve the beauty of the site and take a good care of the existing facilities. This cooperation could be a main strategy in helping the Tepian Batang Mandau tourist destination grow and thrive.
The impact of audit quality and state ownership on accrual-based earnings management: evidence from Vietnam

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the impact of audit quality and state ownership on accrual-based earnings management in Vietnamese listed firms. We find that firms which are audited by one of Big Four auditing companies (Deloitte, PricewaterhouseCoopers, Ernst & Young and KPMG) are less likely to engage in earnings management than those audited by Non-Big Four companies. We also find that the higher the proportion of state ownership accounts in outstanding shares, the less earnings management is. Based on the results, we conjecture that a Big Four auditor tends to restrain the use of aggressive accounting, and to make the audited financial statements in compliance with the standards. Also, enterprises with higher proportion of state ownership may have protection from the government as well as less pressure to meet the market expectations than their counterparts, resulting in less earnings management.
Oral Pyridostigmine‐responsive Visceral Myopathy With ACTG2 Mutations

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor: Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare intestinal motility disorder that can be fatal if not treated properly. CIPO diagnosis is basically clinical in the absence of mechanical obstruction, and therapy with intravenous neostigmine (anticholinergic inhibitor) is recommended in acute episodes. Recently, variants in the ACTG2 gene, encoding enteric smooth muscle actin, have been identified (1). Although the effectiveness of pyridostigmine (a longer-acting cholinesterase inhibitor) in adult CIPO has been reported (2,3), this is the first report of its effectiveness in 2 children with CIPO harboring ACTG2 variants (Fig. 1). The first ACTG2 deletion mutation (del exons 8–9) was identified in case 1, an 11-year-old girl with CIPO affecting the small intestine. To date, all disease-associated ACTG2 mutations reported have been missense mutations (4,5). A novel missense variant (p. Pro39Arg) was identified in case 2, a 5-year-old girl with CIPO affecting the colon with congenital megacystis but no microcolon. Neostigmine (0.5 mg in 50 mL normal saline) was administrated by intravenous infusion at 0.5 mg/h for an hour. The infusion was increased from 0.5 to 2.5 mg/day over 1 to 5 hours in case 1 (≥30 kg), and from 0.025 to 0.04 mg · kg−1 · day−1 in case 2 (<30 kg). After 10 days of full dosage, the therapy was changed to oral pyridostigmine, at a dosage of 180 mg/day (case 1) and 7 mg · kg−1 · day−1 (case 2) without side effects. In response to treatment with oral pyridostigmine, the length of hospital stay and dependency on parenteral nutrition were reduced in the patients.FIGURE 1: Histological analysis of small intestinal tissues from the case 1 proband (A–C) and of colon tissues from the case 2 proband (D–F). Detectable changes were observed in the structural organization and expression of smooth muscle actin in the proximal (A, D) and most-affected distal (B, E) intestines (×100). A, Muscularis propria, proximal small intestine. B, Decreased expression in the muscularis propria, distal intestine. D, Muscularis propria, proximal colon. E, Decreased expression and reduced muscle thickness of the muscularis propria, distal colon. C and F, Ganglion cells are indicated with circles (hematoxylin and eosin staining, ×200).
AgNPs Included GC/Poly [3, 4-Ethylenedioxythiophene] Modified Electrode Toward Electrochemical Detection of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An Ag nanoparticle included Glassy carbon (GC)/poly [3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene] (PEDOT) modified electrode was organized by a straightforward electrochemical method without using any stabilizer or reducing agent. The obtained working electrodes showed a high conductivity when compared to the bare electrode. It also shows superior ability of electrochemically sensing towards the electroreduction of H2O2 with no need for an enzyme or mediator immobilized in the electrode. Under optimum condition the detection limit using chronoamperometry response was estimated to be 0.61 M based on the criterion of signal-to-noise ratio of 3 (S/N of 3).
A Study on the Effect of Consulting Companys signaling factors on Trust and Intention of Clients -Targeting Franchise companies-

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Background/Objectives: This study aims to identify the relationship between the signal factors of the consulting firm on the client's trust and intention, anticipate the interaction relationship, and contribute to the development of competitiveness in the business by effectively recognizing the client's capabilities and securing strategy to the consulting order.
Methods/Statistical analysis: This study conducted a survey of employees working at franchise companies to find out the cause and effect of the client's trust and contract. Questionnaire composed of Likert's 5-point scale. Using SPSS win version 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 statistical tools, collected samples were analyzed by validity and reliability analysis, and multiple regression analysis.
Findings: This study established the hypothesis of structural relationship that the signal factor of the consulting firm affects the client's trust and the degree of contract, and conducted verification through empirical analysis. Analysis of the impact of the signal factor of the consulting firm on the client's trust showed that the five factors, Assurance, Reliability, Empathy, Responsiveness and Tangibles that make up the signal factor of the consulting firm had a positive effect on cognitive and emotional dimension. On the other hand, the last signal factor, Promotion, was not significant. Among the signal factors of consulting firms, signals that have a high influence on cognitive trust were shown sequentially with Reliability, Assurance, Tangibles, Responsiveness and Empathy. It was also shown that both cognitive and emotional dimension have been shown to have a positive effect on the client's intention, especially emotional dimension has a higher impact on the client's intention than on cognitive trust.
Improvements/Applications: this study identified the signal factors of the consulting firm. There may be limitations as a composition of signal factors for consulting firms, so detailed signals need to be considered.
A Sargassum fluitans Borgesen Ethanol Extract Exhibits a Hepatoprotective Effect In Vivo in Acute and Chronic Liver Damage Models

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

One of the leading causes of death worldwide, cirrhosis, is a liver condition characterized by chronic necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Hepatoprotective compounds, such as antioxidants, can prevent fibrosis. Macroalgae (seaweed) contain high amounts of antioxidant compounds and are plentiful; indeed, species such as Sargassum fluitans Borgesen (Phaeophyceae) carpet many beaches in the Caribbean Basin. An in vivo assay was done evaluating the possible hepatoprotective effect of a Sargassum fluitans ethanol extract. Two murine liver damage models were employed: acetaminophen (APAP) in Balb/c mice to induce acute damage; carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) in Wistar rats to induce chronic damage. Serum liver enzyme levels and relative liver weight were measured, and histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of liver tissue sections were done. Both APAP and CCl 4 significantly raised serum enzyme marker enzymes. Administration of 50 mg/kg S. Fluitans ethanol extract reduced this APAP- and CCl 4 -induced elevation to normal levels. This effect was corroborated by the extract’s inhibition of inflammation and fibrosis in liver tissue observed in the histopathological analysis. The analyzed S. fluitans ethanol extract exhibited an in vivo hepatoprotective effect in acute and chronic liver injury models.