jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Certification of Parts for Space With the Variable Depth Bragg Peak Method

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Variable Depth Bragg Peak (VDBP) method uses long-range high-energy heavy ions to measure the Single Event Effect (SEE) cross-section as a function of linear energy transfer (LET(Si)) for commercially packaged integrated circuits with sensitive volumes at unknown depths. This is done by lowering the energy of the ions incident on the device-under-test (DUT) in steps, by insertion of polyethylene degraders of increasing thickness, until the maximum event cross-section is observed, which indicates that ions with the highest average LET(Si) (at the peak of the Bragg Peak) are depositing energy in the sensitive volume. The present paper describes use of the VDBP method to test for single event latchup (SEL) in packaged parts that do and do not fail catastrophically and to certify a device by assuring that every depth in the packaged device is exposed to a fluence of ions with average LET(Si) values greater than a specified value, in this case 60 MeV/mg/cm 2 .
Nilai-Nilai Keadilan Dalam Hukum Adat dan Hukum Keluarga Islam Pada Masyarakat Adat Kampung Naga Tasikmalaya

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research discusses the values of justice in customary law and Islamic family law implemented by the indigenous people of Kampung Naga Tasikmalaya. The Kampung Naga community has a strong customary law system, but also adheres to Islamic teachings, so there are efforts to harmonize customary law with the principles of Islamic family law. This research aims to understand the concept of justice in customary law in Kampung Naga, identify the values of justice in Islamic family law implemented in Kampung Naga, identify areas of similarities and differences between the two legal systems, and explore how the people of Kampung Naga harmonize the two in their lives. daily. Based on the research results, it was found that there is common ground in the value of justice which is achieved through cultural and religious dialogue, although some differences are maintained as a form of respect for the cultural identity of indigenous peoples.
Skills, management practices and technology adoption in Greek manufacturing firms

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The Greek economy has so far failed to shift its production structure towards more complex, high value-added activities incorporating knowledge-intensive practices. Greece lacks a systemic “activating knowledge” dimension. Given the country’s low performance in innovation and knowledge diffusion relative to EU peers, we focus on two specific problem areas of Greek industry: skills and management practices. Both areas are key requirements to achieve robust productivity growth, in which Greece has been shown to be chronically lagging behind its peers. First, we provide an in-depth look at skills indicators to identify the scope for action, particularly in addressing mismatch. A novel result is that, by utilising mismatch indicators aggregated from microdata sourced from the recent OECD Survey of Adult Skills that was conducted as part of the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), we show that Greece has the highest overskilling for professional occupations. We also corroborate previous findings about the negative relationship between skills mismatch and firm productivity. Second, we use firm-level data from the World Management Survey to give a review of management practices in Greek industry and explore the quality of these practices and their association with productivity. Finally, we use information from a novel survey on entrepreneurship, technological developments and regulatory change, and examine structural characteristics of innovation activity and technology adoption by Greek firms, with a focus on the role of size, ownership structure, global value chain participation and human resource practices. Our empirical findings provide valuable input into concrete policy proposals to increase productivity in Greek manufacturing.
Two Interpretations of ‘Gloriana’ as Music Drama: A new impression

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

For those of us who were too young to see any of the original Covent Garden performances of Gloriana , the Sadler's Wells production on October 21 was a genuine revelation—not necessarily of a work of ineffable stature, but of one which had been almost completely misrepresented by the ebb and flow of reaction in the thirteen years since its composition. So far as judging the opera on its own terms is concerned, the criticisms of that gala première can be discounted, though one might register some distress that they were not confined to the distinguished diplomatic guests (whose musical opinions would naturally be suspect), but were echoed, in similar terms, in many corners of the informed press. Gloriana's submergence was practically a political event. Its subsequent rescue was thus bound to be accompanied by panegyrics of the work and polemics of its critics. Sadler's Wells did it proud, with one of the most spectacular and accomplished of its recent productions (by Colin Graham). QED : the work is a masterpiece.
Mathematics Teaching Methods and Its Effects on Pupil’s Performance in Yaounde Vi Municipality

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study sought to investigate the design with in which Mathematics is taught and pupils performance within the subject. The researcher used survey research design within which observation was used both for teachers and pupils to collect data. The target population was 500 pupils from 29 Anglophone primary schools in Mfoundi division, using the stratified sampling techniques and a sample size of 63 pupils was obtained. The research was conducted with the review of related literature with the main theory being the theory of constructivism. An observation grid (Flander’s integrated Analysis System, FIA) was used to collect data and analysed using descriptive statistics (percentages). This resulted that teachers stick to the traditional teaching method against the scientific method (alternative methods), thereby making pupils performance not to be effective, efficient, doable, impacting, pertinent etc.
AgentAvatar: Disentangling Planning, Driving and Rendering for Photorealistic Avatar Agents

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this study, our goal is to create interactive avatar agents that can autonomously plan and animate nuanced facial movements realistically, from both visual and behavioral perspectives. Given high-level inputs about the environment and agent profile, our framework harnesses LLMs to produce a series of detailed text descriptions of the avatar agents' facial motions. These descriptions are then processed by our task-agnostic driving engine into motion token sequences, which are subsequently converted into continuous motion embeddings that are further consumed by our standalone neural-based renderer to generate the final photorealistic avatar animations. These streamlined processes allow our framework to adapt to a variety of non-verbal avatar interactions, both monadic and dyadic. Our extensive study, which includes experiments on both newly compiled and existing datasets featuring two types of agents -- one capable of monadic interaction with the environment, and the other designed for dyadic conversation -- validates the effectiveness and versatility of our approach. To our knowledge, we advanced a leap step by combining LLMs and neural rendering for generalized non-verbal prediction and photo-realistic rendering of avatar agents.
Beyond the ordinary: A rare glimpse of PEComa TFE3 rearranged in soft tissue

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The term “Perivascular epithelioid cells” was described as early as 1992. WHO has defined PEComas as mesenchymal tumors composed of histologically and immunohistochemically distinctive perivascular epithelioid cells. These tumors have a varied morphology including sheets and nested pattern comprising of epithelioid to spindle tumor cells with increased vasculature often in a sinusoidal pattern. PEComas show immunoreactivity for melanocytic and smooth muscle markers, however small number cases show lack of muscle marker expression along with strong TFE3 nuclear positivity. Here we describe a PEComa of soft tissue of leg, TFE3 rearranged.
Some Traveling Wave Solutions to the Fifth-Order Nonlinear Wave Equation Using Three Techniques: Bernoulli Sub-ODE, Modified Auxiliary Equation, and G ′ / G -Expansion Methods

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The fifth-order nonlinear wave equation contains terms involving higher-order spatial derivatives, such as u x x x and u x x x x x . These terms are responsible for dispersion, which affects the shape and propagation of the wave. The study of dispersion is important in many areas, including seismology, acoustics, and communication theory. In the current work, three potent analytical techniques are proposed in order to solve the fifth-order nonlinear wave equation. The used approaches are the modified auxiliary equation method, the Bernoulli Sub-ODE method, and the G ′ / G -expansion method (MAE). Some graphs are plotted to display our findings. The solutions to the nonlinear wave equation are used to describe the nonlinear dynamics of waves in physical systems. The results show how the dynamics of the wave solutions are influenced by the system parameters, which can be used as system controllers. The new approaches used in this work helped to find new solutions for traveling waves. This could be seen as a new contribution to the field. Water waves, plasma waves, and acoustic wave behavior can be described by the obtained solutions.
Treatment for partial tears of the lateral ligament of the ankle: a prospective trial.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There is debate about the most appropriate form of treatment for partial tears of the lateral ligament of the ankle, which are common after inversion injuries. A prospective trial of four forms of treatment was carried out. The forms of treatment used were: no treatment with only a minimal bandage, Tubigrip support, immobilisation in plaster-of-Paris, and physiotherapy. The end point was taken when the patient returned to work or had a low score on an objective clinical scale. Early mobilisation, with or without physiotherapy, was found to offer the most rapid return to functional activity. Patients who had had their ankle immobilised in plaster-of-Paris required more days off work and longer attendance at a follow-up clinic. Inversion injuries are common and cause absence from work and discomfort for the patient. These findings suggest that mobilisation with physiotherapy, although not practical for all patients, is the most satisfactory course of treatment.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Potential Inhibitors of Ethylene Biosynthesis: The Diastereoisomers of 1‐Amino‐2‐bromocyclopropanecarboxylic Acid.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Precise In Vivo Inflammation Imaging Using In Situ Responsive Cross‐linking of Glutathione‐Modified Ultra‐Small NIR‐II Lanthanide Nanoparticles

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract To improve the bioimaging signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), long‐term imaging capability, and decrease the potential biotoxicity, an in vivo cross‐linking strategy was developed by using sub‐10 nm, glutathione‐modified, lanthanide nanoprobes. After administration, the nanoprobes cross‐link in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the inflamed area and enable the quick imaging of ROS in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) window. These nanoprobes could be rapidly excreted due to their ultra‐small size. This strategy may also be applied to other ultra‐small contrast agents for the precise bioimaging by in situ lesion cross‐linking.
Cardiovascular effects of the DPP-4 inhibitors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Type 2 Diabetes continues to rise in prevalence throughout the globe, and cardiovascular diseases remain the most common cause of morbidity and mortality among patients. Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are a newer class of oral anti-hyperglycemic agents whose effect is mediated through the incretin hormones, GLP-1 and GIP. In this review, we discuss the incretin system, DPP-4 inhibitors and their mechanism of action and, principally, the potential impact of DPP-4 inhibition on the cardiovascular system. Some pre-clinical data, small mechanistic studies and post-hoc analyses of randomized clinical trials suggest a possible beneficial effect on cardiovascular risk. However, the relationship between DPP-4 inhibition and actual cardiovascular outcomes remains unknown. We therefore also review ongoing large, randomized clinical trials examining this very question.
Image detection of pantograph slide basedoOn yang-shot mode

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

At present, most of the pantograph slide images used for slides wear detection based on the image processing are obtained by using overhead mode, but this way has some limitations for some complex arched., The purpose of this study based on the yang-shot mode is to build detection system about slides wear. Firstly, 2 CCD cameras shoot the pantograph slide images, and they are transmitted and stored in the host detection by video capture card. Then the edges of saving image are detected, and the edges of pantograph slides and contact wire are located. The result showed that in this way, we can obtain the simple background and high contrast gradient of images. It is easy to detect edges, and to provide the significant data for detecting the pantograph slides wear volume of the remaining.
Commercial Banks Financing Priority Sector: An Impetus to Economy (A Study of Problems and Prospects)

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Priority sector lending is a scheme guided by govt.and RBI to commercial banks about obligatory deployment of credit to preferred and desired sectors and sections of the economy.Preferred sectors and sections are agriculture, small scale industries, small businessman, education, housing finance etc. and sections of the society are below income persons.The object behind PSL (Priority Sector Lending) is equitable and sustainable economic development at desired direction.To attain the said objectives, banks were nationalized in India in1969.Since in this scheme banks were entrusted to fulfill some targets and sub-targets of deployment of credit such as 40 per cent for domestic banks and 32 per cent for foreign banks was fixed for priority sector lending of their total advances.Though public sector banks have progressed remarkably and achieved their targets, private sector banks are lagging behind in this respect.Now on invent of some new schemes like PSL banks in India are shaping the economy and are providing an impetus to the economy.Despite various qualities and goodness, the scheme is not free from problems.Author has made an attempt through this treatise to highlight these problems and suggested some ideas for effective formation of the scheme.The over all future of this scheme in India is bright but needs a regular review process.
Competition Between the Sperm of a Single Male Can Increase the Evolutionary Rate of Haploid Expressed Genes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The population genetic behavior of mutations in sperm genes is theoretically investigated. We modeled the processes at two levels. One is the standard population genetic process, in which the population allele frequencies change generation by generation, depending on the difference in selective advantages. The other is the sperm competition during each genetic transmission from one generation to the next generation. For the sperm competition process, we formulate the situation where a huge number of sperm with alleles A and B, produced by a single heterozygous male, compete to fertilize a single egg. This “minimal model” demonstrates that a very slight difference in sperm performance amounts to quite a large difference between the alleles’ winning probabilities. By incorporating this effect of paternity-sharing sperm competition into the standard population genetic process, we show that fierce sperm competition can enhance the fixation probability of a mutation with a very small phenotypic effect at the single-sperm level, suggesting a contribution of sperm competition to rapid amino acid substitutions in haploid-expressed sperm genes. Considering recent genome-wide demonstrations that a substantial fraction of the mammalian sperm genes are haploid expressed, our model could provide a potential explanation of rapid evolution of sperm genes with a wide variety of functions (as long as they are expressed in the haploid phase). Another advantage of our model is that it is applicable to a wide range of species, irrespective of whether the species is externally fertilizing, polygamous, or monogamous. The theoretical result was applied to mammalian data to estimate the selection intensity on nonsynonymous mutations in sperm genes.
A Review on Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Prospects of Soybean Production in Ethiopia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Soybeans are an important crop that contributes significantly to nutrition, agriculture, and other sectors. Their versatility and nutritional profile make them an important part of diets all around the world. As worldwide demand for sustainable food sources grows, soybeans&apos; relevance is projected to increase, emphasizing the need for ongoing research and innovation in soybean cultivation and processing. As Ethiopia&apos;s agricultural sector undergoes transformation, soybean production emerges as a key driver of economic growth and food security. The country&apos;s favorable climate and diverse agro-ecological zones offer immense opportunities for farmers and investors to capitalize on the rising global demand for soybeans. However, the sector faces challenges such as limited access to quality seeds, inadequate agricultural infrastructure, and fluctuating market prices, which hinder sustainable production. This review examines the opportunities, challenges, and future prospects of soybean production in Ethiopia, highlighting the need for improved agricultural practices, pest management strategies, and infrastructure development to overcome these obstacles. By addressing these challenges, Ethiopia can unlock its full potential in soybean production, contributing to food security, economic growth, and poverty reduction. This review provides insights for policymakers, farmers, and investors to harness the potential of soybean production in Ethiopia and ensure a sustainable and profitable future for the sector.
Method of reducing speckle-interferometer sensitivity for the study of turbomachine elements vibration

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The article deals with the development of a method for obtaining time-averaged speckle-interferograms with a two-fold period of interference bands. An optical scheme allowing the increase of permissible vibration amplitudes of the analysed elements has been developed. Vibration characterictics of compressor stage 5 blades are subjected to comparative analysis with the use of both the developed method and the traditional methods. The diagram of compressor blade leading edge vibrodisplacements is made up on the basis of the data obtained.
Observations on Methods of Measuring the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Chloroquine Nil Less than 1% 11% 70% Mepacrine 9% 28% 40N 80% Quinine 54%/ 67%.72% 8 5 ' Quinine and pamaquin -. _ 11%and pamaquin has been found by Fairley (1946) in the same theatre almost to double the latent period obtained by a combination of quinine and pamaquin, although the percentage of relapses remained the same in both series.Also in the same theatre Pullman et al. (1948) found the relapse rate in severe B.T. infections to be four and a half times that in moderately severe infections with a combina- tion of quinine and pentaquine, the superiority of which, therefore, still has to be proved.Toxicity Blood and urine examinations which were carried out showed no changes, and camoquin was well tolerated by all patients without giving rise to any complaint.Toxic symp- toms with mepacrine and proguanil were also very rare.A few patients complained of abdominal pain after proguanil, and some vomited after mepacrine. SummaryCamoquin has been found definitely superior to pro- guanil and mepacrine in the treatment of malaria.In M.T. malaria it seems to be superior to chloroquine in controlling fever and asexual parasitaemia.In B.T. mnalaria, fever is controlled earlier with camoquin, but in a few cases there is a slight difference in the rate of clearance of parasitaemia in favour of chloroquine.Evidence suggests that with larger doses of camoquin relapses are few, and are delayed.Although further experience is required to establish a world-wide superio- rity, especially over chloroquine, the use of a single dose and the smaller cost are distinct advantages.
Data from Safety and Clinical Activity of a New Anti-PD-L1 Antibody as Monotherapy or Combined with Targeted Therapy in Advanced Solid Tumors: The PACT Phase Ia/Ib Trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>AbstractPurpose:<p>This phase Ia/Ib PACT study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity of a new programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor, LY3300054, as monotherapy or in combination with ramucirumab, abemaciclib, or merestinib (a type II MET kinase inhibitor) in patients with advanced, refractory solid tumors (NCT02791334).</p>Patients and Methods:<p>Patients were enrolled into cohorts of escalating LY3300054 dose (phase Ia) as monotherapy (<i>N</i> = 15) or combined with ramucirumab (<i>N</i> = 10), abemaciclib (<i>N</i> = 24), or merestinib (<i>N</i> = 12). The phase Ib dose expansion enrolled 8 patients with melanoma in the monotherapy arm and 12 patients with pancreatic cancer in the merestinib combination arm. Combination treatments were administered concurrently from day 1 of each cycle. A 14-day lead-in abemaciclib arm was also explored. Primary endpoints were dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and safety.</p>Results:<p>Treatment-related adverse events included fatigue and nausea in the monotherapy arm (13% for each), hypothyroidism (30%) in the ramucirumab arm, diarrhea (54%) in the abemaciclib arm, and nausea (25%) in the merestinib arm. DLTs associated with hepatoxicity were observed in 3 of 4 patients in the abemaciclib lead-in cohorts. No DLTs or grade 3 or 4 hepatoxicity were reported in the concurrent abemaciclib arm. Pharmacokinetic characteristics were comparable with other PD-L1 inhibitors. One patient in each arm experienced a partial response per RECIST v1.1 lasting ≥7 months.</p>Conclusions:<p>LY3300054 was well tolerated without unexpected safety concerns when administered alone or concurrently with ramucirumab, abemaciclib, or merestinib. Lead-in abemaciclib before combining with LY3300054 was not feasible due to hepatotoxicity. Durable clinical benefits were seen in all regimens.</p></div>