jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Gender Based Knowledge, Attitude and Practices About Swine Flu in a Rural Indian Population

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

During recent Influenza A H1N1(swine flu) outbreak the current study was undertaken to assess knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of rural population of Jammu region regarding swine flu. 270 participants were administered a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire consisting of 26 questions evaluating KAP. Overall knowledge score was 62.9%. More than 90% had heard of swine flu, knew prevalent season and had knowledge of disease symptoms. However, knowledge about preventing vaccine was low (27.7%). Overall attitude score was 79.5%. Higher number of the participants expressed willingness to seek more knowledge about disease prevention , though half of them were not satisfied with health authorities efforts. The total practice rate was 60%.Preference for nutritious diet and willingness to use tissue/handkerchief was over 80% ,but only 40% expressed willingness to use mask. On most of the parameters of KAP, there was no difference on gender basis except for swine flu treatment ,panic reaction and preference for herbal medication in females. The current study found good KAP regarding swine flu in the rural area of Jammu. However, unwillingness to use mask, dissatisfaction with health agencies and lack of knowledge about population at risk is a matter of concern.
Hispanic Ethnicity and the Risk of Pediatric Leukemia Relapse

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Limited knowledge currently exists on the disparity in pediatric leukemia relapse. This study compared the risk of pediatric leukemia relapse between Hispanic and non-Hispanic Whites. Study participants were children (<20 years) diagnosed with leukemia from January 2006 to December 2014 at the Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for relapse-free survival were calculated using adjusted Cox regression. The study included 35 Hispanic and 94 non-Hispanic Whites. Among patients <10 years old, there was a significantly higher risk of relapse in Hispanic compared to non-Hispanic Whites (hazard ratio = 6.19, 95% confidence interval = 1.15-33.27). No association was observed for patients aged ≥10 years nor all participants combined. Although the finding of this study may suggest that ethnic disparity in pediatric leukemia relapse may exist in younger children, our finding is limited by the small sample size from a single institution. Therefore, future larger multiinstitutional studies are warranted.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN SELF-EFFICACY, SOCIAL SKILLS, AND ACHIEVEMENT INDEX OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS' CANDIDATES

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The intensity of online learning impacts students' self-confidence in solving problems, their ability to interact with other people, and even their achievements. This study aims to examine the correlation between self-efficacy, social skills, and students’ grade point average (GPA) through a correlational method with an explanatory design and using questionnaires and interview sheets. The sample was taken randomly, totaling 55 students of the elementary school teacher education program at one of the state universities in Purwakarta, Indonesia. The findings show a correlation between student self-efficacy and the Grade Point Average; there is a correlation between social skills and GPA. When self-efficacy and social skills separately increase, the GPA will increase and vice versa. In addition, there is no correlation between student self-efficacy and social skills. Moreover, there is no correlation between self-efficacy and social skills simultaneously with the GPA. When self-efficacy and social skills increased, it was not confident that the GPA would increase. Self-efficacy and social skills have an impact on one's achievement. Therefore, the interactive and easily accessible online learning development is needed. Abstrak: Intensitas pembelajaran online memberi dampak pada keyakinan diri mahasiswa dalam memecahkan masalah, kemampuanya dalam berinteraksi dengan orang lain, bahkan prestasinya. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengkaji hubungan antara efikasi diri, keterampilan sosial, dan Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif (IPK) siswa melalui metode korelasional dengan desain eksplanatori dan menggunakan instrumen angket dan lembar wawancara. Sampel diambil secara acak yang berjumlah 55 mahasiswa program studi pendidikan guru sekolah dasar di salah satu perguruan tinggi negeri di Purwakarta, Indonesia. Temuan menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara self-efficacy mahasiswa dengan Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif, adanya hubungan antara keterampilan sosial mahasiswa dengan Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif, sehingga ketika self-efficacy dan keterampilan sosial mahasiswa secara terpisah meningkat maka indeks prestasi kumulatif mahasiswa akan meningkat dan sebaliknya. Selain itu tidak adanya hubungan antara self-efficacy mahasiswa dengan keterampilan sosial sehingga ketika self-efficacy meningkat atau menurun maka tidak dapat dipastikan keterampilan akan menunjukkan hasil yang sama. Serta ditemukan tidak adanya hubungan antara self-efficacy dan keterampilan sosial secara bersamaan dengan Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif mahasiswa. Self-efficacy dan keterampilan sosial berdampak pada prestasi seseorang. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan pembelajaran online interaktif dan akses mudah diperlukan.
Criticism of generally accepted fundamentals and methodologies of traffic and transportation theory

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Boris S. Kerner; Criticism of generally accepted fundamentals and methodologies of traffic and transportation theory. AIP Conference Proceedings 10 March 2015; 1648 (1): 530002. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4912735 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Identification of aroma compounds in Thai colored rice varieties

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Consumers are interested in colored rice because its health benefits and its high fiber and protein content. Normally, the colored rice smell is generally not as strong as the jasmine rice. The first objective of this research was to investigate the proper preheated time and headspace incubation temperature to extract as many volatile compounds as possible from Thai-colored rice using the static headspace GC-MS approach. Secondly, this study aimed to identify the key volatile aroma compounds in Thai native-colored rice varieties. For optimum conditions, Red Hawm Rice (KDML105R-PSL-E-14) was used in this study. The optimal condition was preheated in a hot air oven for 5 hours at 80 °C, followed by a headspace extraction temperature of 120 °C. Afterward, Such conditions were utilized in the second study. Twenty-three rice varieties in four categories: aromatic white, aromatic black, non-aromatic black, and non-aromatic red, were investigated (n = 10 per variety). This study found that the non-aromatic black and red rice containing much lower content of most volatile constituents than the aromatic black and white rice. Focusing on the aromatic black rice, the samples appeared to contain high level of both compound groups of aldehydes (3-methylbutanal, 2-methylbutanal, 2-methylpropanal, pentanal, and hexanal) and alcohols (butane-2,3-diol, pentan-1-ol, and hexan-1-ol).
Ion/Electron Co-Conductive Triple-Phase Interface Enabling Fast Redox Reaction Kinetics in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are promising next-generation energy storage systems because of their high energy densities and high theoretical specific capacities. However, most catalysts in the LSBs are based on carbon materials, which can only improve the conductivity and are unable to accelerate lithium-ion transport. Therefore, it would be worthwhile to develop a catalytic electrode exhibiting both ion and electron conductivity. Herein, a triple-phase interface using lithium lanthanum titanate/carbon (LLTO/C) nanofibers to construct ion/electron co-conductive materials was used to afford enhanced adsorption of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), high conductivity, and fast ion transport in working LSBs. The triple-phase interface accelerates the kinetics of the soluble LiPSs and promotes uniform Li2S precipitation/dissolution. Additionally, the LLTO/C nanofibers decrease the reaction barrier of the LiPSs, significantly improving the conversion of LiPSs to Li2S and promoting rapid conversion. Specifically, the LLTO promotes ion transport owing to its high ionic conductivity, and the carbon enhances the conductivity to improve the utilization rate of sulfur. Therefore, the LSBs with LLTO/C functional separators deliver stable life cycles, high rates, and good electrocatalytic activities. This strategy is greatly important for designing ion/electron conductivity and interface engineering, providing novel insight for the development of the LSBs.
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES, CYCLISTS, AND PEDESTRIANS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF POTENTIAL USERS AND NON-USERS OF AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In a few years, autonomous vehicles will slowly become part of traffic flow. This paper evaluated the level of perceived fear of interactions of autonomous vehicles (AVs) with other (vulnerable) road users of different actors in the Czech Republic. Data from the first exploratory project from 2017/2018 are used for the evaluation. A logistic regression model is utilised to evaluate the predictors that influence the fear resulting from interactions of AVs and cyclists or pedestrians. Kilometres driven last year was positively associated with fear of interactions with pedestrians or cyclists (OR = 1,251, p = 0.032). The level of concerns about the risk of AVs is also positively associated with fear of interactions (OR = 1.087, p = 0.000). Out of all socio-demographics and socio-economics, only gender was distinguished regarding the level of fear, with women having a higher chance than men of being fearful (OR = 1.871, p = 0.005). Then, the same model is utilised to evaluate the variables that influence the fear of interactions of Avs and other non-Avs. Only the general level of concerns about the risk of AVs is associated with the level of fear of interactions of AVs and non-AVs (OR = 1.149, p = 0.000). Since these results are only partly in accordance with those obtained in Western countries, our paper concludes that for central European countries, more research is needed to understand the local context and implications of autonomous mobility.
221 Family with sequence similarity 83, member a attenuates aggressive properties of cervical cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives

FAM83A is recently found to be overexpressed in cancer and hypothesized to be oncogenic. This study is to illustrate the functional role and mechanism of FAM83A in cervical cancer.

Methods

153 different clinical cervical specimens were used for validation by SYBR Green RT-qPCR and IHC. Cell proliferation, cell migration and invasion were done for functional validation. RNA-seq approach was applied to investigate the altered genes regulated by FAM83A.

Results

We found FAM83A is overexpressed in cervical cancer tissues. However, the expression of FAM83A was instead decreased in patients with advanced FIGO stage, deep stromal invasion, poor differentiation and/or lymph node metastasis, and negatively associated with short survival of patients with cervical cancer. We found knockdown of FAM83A increased cervical cancer cell proliferation, promoted cell migration and invasion. We further identified 192 genes that were changed in the context of FAM83A knockdown. KEGG pathway analysis showed ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, PI3K-Akt signaling and TNF signaling were the main activated pathways.

Conclusions

We conclude that FAM83A exerts an unexpected tumor suppressive role in cervical cancer progression.
Parasitoid spectrum of Acyrthosiphon-aphids in Central Asia (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The spectrum of parasitoids (namely of Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris and A. gossypii Mordw.) is reviewed with respect to the host range of the particular species. Distribution of parasitoids is analysed with respect to the vertical zonation and corresponding changes in host range and relative abundance of the species. Monoctonus tianshanensis n.sp. (from Amphorophora rubi Kalt. and Impatientinum asiaticum Nevs.) and Aphidius popovi n.sp. (from Amphorophora catharinae Nevs.) are described.
Brain Cholesterol XVIII: Effect of Methylphenidate (Ritalin) on [U-14C] Glucose and [2-3H] Acetate Incorporation

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The effect of a single injection of methylphenidate (Ritalin, 4 mg/kg) on precursor ([2-3H]acetate and [U-14C]glucose) incorporation into brain cholesterol was studied. The drug caused a steady decrease in the concentration of brain cholesterol during the 24-hr period examined. Incorporation studies during this time with [U-14C]glucose indicated higher than normal incorporation for all time periods studied. The most significant incorporation increases took place 2 and 4 hr after drug injection. Experiments using [2-3H]acetate as the sterol precursor gave incorporation values which tended (not significantly) to be lower than control values at 2 and 4 h. The values after 12 hr were less than normal, while the 24-hr group indicated an increase to or slightly higher than normal values. These data suggest that the pharmacological effect of methylphenidate may be due to lowering of brain cholesterol levels directly or on some more basic metabolic process leading to a decreased level of membrane sterols.
Open Access “Enhancing Student Success”: Meeting the Unique Needs of University Students with Deaf-Blindness

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract: This article discusses particular challenges that students face who are Deaf-blind at university, for whom it is not effective simply to combine strategies that help students who are blind with those that work for students who are Deaf. Innovative ways of working have been developed by a B.A. student with Deaf-blindness collaborating with an academic language and learning (ALL) adviser, leading to marked improvements in the student&apos;s academic work. First, through regular dialog about the content of her assignments, the student extends her understanding of the routines of enquiry in her discipline. Secondly, we have devised a simple, systematic method by which to offer feedback on her written work, which is easily recognizable to someone using a Braille display to read documents exchanged via email. While these methods were developed to meet the particular needs of a student with a dual sensory impairment, it is likely that the first – which draws on Vygotsky&apos;s insights into language learning, and Bakhtin&apos;s notion of social dialects – could also be helpful to students who are Deaf, while the second, by simplifying feedback and revision, could be helpful to students who are blind.
Perturbation of Markov Chains

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A simple fair game can be played by two people who have an equal number of pennies: each flips one coin, and, if the two flipped coins match each other (heads or tails), Player 1 wins both coins; otherwise, Player 2 wins both. The game ends when one of the two players has all the pennies. Clearly each has an equal chance of winning if both start with the same number of pennies, but what if one player has more to begin with? Or what if one player somehow cheats whenever he has only one penny left? In order to consider these questions, it is useful to model the game with a Markov chain [2]. If the total wealth between the two players is n pennies, one can build an (n + 1) X (n + 1) matrix P where the rows and columns are numbered 0 through n, and the entries Pij of P are defined as follows: Pij= the probability that Player 1, having i pennies, will have j pennies after the next flip. In this case, P (which is called a Markov chain or transition matrix), looks like
Interleukin 4 promotes the development of ex-Foxp3 Th2 cells during immunity to intestinal helminths

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Immunity to intestinal helminth infections requires the rapid activation of T helper 2 cells (Th2 cells). However, simultaneous expansion of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (T reg cells) impedes protective responses, resulting in chronic infections. The ratio between T reg and effector T cells can therefore determine the outcome of infection. The redifferentiation of T reg cells into Th cells has been identified in hyperinflammatory diseases. In this study, we asked whether ex–T reg Th2 cells develop and contribute to type-2 immunity. Using multigene reporter and fate-reporter systems, we demonstrate that a significant proportion of Th2 cells derive from Foxp3+ cells after Heligmosomoides polygyrus infection and airway allergy. Ex-Foxp3 Th2 cells exhibit characteristic Th2 effector functions and provide immunity to H. polygyrus. Through selective deletion of Il4ra on Foxp3+ cells, we further demonstrate IL-4 is required for the development of ex-Foxp3 Th2 cells. Collectively, our findings indicate that converting T reg cells into Th2 cells could concomitantly enhance Th2 cells and limit T reg cell–mediated suppression.
Efforts to Reduce Cigarette Smoke Exposure through Non-Smoking Area Regulation

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Pollution caused by cigarette smoke causes health problems and even death in humans. Active smokers contribute to this. The number of smokers increases every year, including among the students. This study aimed to develop a Non-Smoking Area model in campus area. This study used quantitative approach supported by qualitative data. The population was every campus members in the Faculty of Sports Sciences, Semarang State University (UNNES). In the quantitative approach, a sample of 170 respondents was determined by accidental sampling technique. We used questionnaire as the instrument and the data obtained were analyzed by correlation test. We involved 10 respondents in Focused Group Discussion (FGD) to obtain the qualitative data. The results showed that 1) 25.88% smoked actively; 2) 91.2% knew about cigarette and its health risks; 3) 68.2% supported smoking ban regulations on campus; 4) respondents’ knowledge and attitude influenced smoking behavior; 5) promotional messages about the dangers of cigarettes on health must be campaigned in a communicative and effective language at a strategic location; 6) Written regulation from campus officials is critical to strengthen the implementation of No Smoking Area policy on campus.
Feeding Value of Shrimp Shell Powder (Prawn Waste) for Broiler Chicks

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

As an export earner, frozen shrimp is the most important marine product in India and she has been ranked as the second major shrimp exporting country in the world. The Marine Products Export Development Authority revealed that the total export of sea-foods during 1976 was 62,151 tonnes earning 179.9 crores of rupees worth foreign exchange. With a coastline of 600 km and 4000 hectares of land suitable for artificial rearing of shrimp, Kerala is first among the states in the production of sea-foods.
Toxicity Risks and Drug Design

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Metabolic activation is one of the outcomes for drug metabolism.This process produces reactive metabolites,which usually possess electrophilic properties and form covalent bond with proteins of the body.The reactive metabolites induce idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions,leading to the discontinuation,withdrawal from the market or the strict limitation of their usage of drug candidates during the late clinical trials or after marketing.Drug safety constitutes a critical factor in druggability,thus avoiding alert structures from being transformed into reactive metabolites is one of the important aspects in drug design.The structural features which lead to the toxicity risks and the obviation of those risks in drug design were illustrated in this review.
Amphiregulin and epiregulin expression in neoplastic and inflammatory lesions in the colon

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Amphiregulin and epiregulin belong to the epidermal growth factor family and mediate the biological functions of epithelial and mesenchymal cells through epidermal growth factor receptors. In this study, we evaluated the amphiregulin and epiregulin expression in neoplastic and inflammatory lesions from the human colon. Surgically-obtained specimens were stained using standard immunohistochemical procedures. Amphiregulin and epiregulin were not expressed in the normal colonic mucosa, but were clearly detectable in adenomas and carcinomas. Weak immunostaining was also detected in mesenchymal cells from the tumor tissues. In the active mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, amphiregulin was mainly expressed by the epithelial cells. In addition, positive immunostaining was also detectable in the surrounding mesenchymal cells. In conclusion, amphiregulin and epiregulin may play important roles in colonic tumor growth and mucosal repair in the inflamed mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease.
Yellow-feathered Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

豊橋地区から入手した黄色ウズラ雌を基礎として,黄色形質の遺伝について研究を行なつた.この形質は,常染色体性の単一優性遺伝子によつて発現し,暗色(野生型)に対して優性を示すが,同時にその遺伝子は,劣性致死を伴うことが示された.
Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Cumulative Abnormal Return Pada Event Right Issue Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar Dalam Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2014 – 2018

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study aims to determine which factor that influence cumulative abnormal return in rights issue event. Cumulative abnormal return is the difference between market index’s prices changes and corporate stock price changes that occurs at one exchange time which it’s value combined within a period of several days. By knowing cumulative abnormal return value it’s will able to know how investors response to rights issue events. There are several factor that influence cumulative abnormal return in right issue event, in this study will be focused on 5 main factor which are growth opportunities, issue size, leverage, ownership concentration, and subscription price discount. \nThere are 87 companies that became the study sample which is a listed company on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and implemented a rights issue in the period 2014 – 2018. The hypothesis testing of the study was conducted using multiple linear regression tests which concludes as follows: 1. Growth opportunities variable do not affect the cumulative abnormal return in rights issue events; 2. Issue size variable affect positively the cumulative abnormal return in rights issue events; 3. Leverage variable do not affect the cumulative abnormal return in rights issue events; 4. Ownership concentration variable do not affect the cumulative abnormal return in rights issue events; 5. Subscription price discount variable do not affect the cumulative abnormal return in rights issue events. \nKeyword: cumulative abnormal return, right issue, corporate action, information \nasymmetry, growth opportunities, issue size, leverage, ownership concentration, subscription price discount.