jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics in discolored and normal red pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) powder

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study evaluated the quality characteristics of discolored red pepper powder during drying (DRPP) and normal red pepper powder (NRPP), both produced during the drying process in China and Korea. Physicochemical and microbiological qualities were assessed, along with electronic tongue (e-tongue) analysis. The degraded DRPP samples had significantly lower levels of soluble solids, free sugars, and organic acids than those of the normal samples, whereas the pH and capsaicinoid levels were higher. The e-tongue analysis revealed that NRPP samples exhibited higher umami levels, whereas DRPP samples exhibited stronger bitterness. Correlation analysis indicated that increased bitterness in Chinese DRPP may be associated with higher capsaicin levels and pH. Additionally, DRPP exhibited a microbial community that could pose hazards, including genera such as Pantoea, Diaporthe, and Glomerella. This highlights the significance of detecting poor-quality DRPP-mixed red pepper powder to ensure safety and enhance overall taste during distribution.
Multi topology routing based failure protection for software defined 5G networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The continuous increase in data traffic, heterogeneous access networks, and the diversity in the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of the applications is expected to significantly increase the management complexity of 5G networks. Software Defined Networking provides an effective management architecture enabling more efficient utilization of 5G network resources. In this paper, a novel failure recovery technique, which quickly re-routes the disrupted traffic to alternate routes in case of link/node failures in the core network, is proposed to support the stringent QoS requirements of software defined 5G networks (SD5G). Experimental results show that our approach provides an efficient solution for fast failure recovery in SD5G.
Is Posttranslational Folding More Efficient Than Refolding from a Denatured State: A Computational Study

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The folding of proteins into their native conformation is a complex process that has been extensively studied over the past half-century. The ribosome, the molecular machine responsible for protein synthesis, is known to interact with nascent proteins, adding further complexity to the protein folding landscape. Consequently, it is unclear whether the folding pathways of proteins are conserved on and off the ribosome. The main question remains: to what extent does the ribosome help proteins fold? To address this question, we used coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to compare the mechanisms by which the proteins dihydrofolate reductase, type III chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, and d-alanine-d-alanine ligase B fold during and after vectorial synthesis on the ribosome to folding from the full-length unfolded state in bulk solution. Our results reveal that the influence of the ribosome on protein folding mechanisms varies depending on the size and complexity of the protein. Specifically, for a small protein with a simple fold, the ribosome facilitates efficient folding by helping the nascent protein avoid misfolded conformations. However, for larger and more complex proteins, the ribosome does not promote folding and may contribute to the formation of intermediate misfolded states cotranslationally. These misfolded states persist posttranslationally and do not convert to the native state during the 6 μs runtime of our coarse-grain simulations. Overall, our study highlights the complex interplay between the ribosome and protein folding and provides insight into the mechanisms of protein folding on and off the ribosome.
Is general surgery a dying specialty?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor.— Several decades ago surgery was a thriving and active surgical specialty, with surgeons being actively trained and subsequently practicing surgery that included everything. The trend toward accredited specialization in other surgical disciplines resulted in an ill-defined meaning of general surgery. In addition, training programs in surgery required basic knowledge in all phases of surgery, namely, plastic, gynecologic, urologic, neurosurgical, cardiovascular-thoracic, pediatric, and fracture, for the physician to become certified as a surgeon. Before the Study of Surgical Services in the United States Report, there were approximately 12,000 approved available positions in surgery, and more surgical programs were being approved if specific standards and criteria were established. Nevertheless, the aforementioned report, the malpractice dilemma, the implementation of Professional Standards Review Organization, the principles of Medicare and Medicaid, the improved medical insight and understanding of the public, the eradication of overt discrimination and segregation
THE ROLE OF UNDIFFERENTIATED DYSPLASIA OF THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTEROCUTANEOUS FISTULA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary. Retro- and prospective trial was based on data about 30 patients, suffering entero-colocutaneous fistula, who were treated in the Shalimov National Institute of Surgery and Transplantology during 2016-2019. There was revealed, that the most informative phenotypical markers of undifferentiated dysplasia of the connective tissue (UDCT) in patients, with entero-colocutaneous fistula, are visceral (83,3%), vascular (70%), arrhythmic (70%) syndromes. There was founded, that direct correlation between the level of biochemical markers of the collagen biodegradation and the UDCT degree may be applied for prognostication of development and course of complications in patients, suffering entero-colocutaneous fistula. Severe degree of UDCT in the patients, entero-colocutaneous fistula, constitutes unfavorable prognostic sign and enhances the mortality by 62.5%. The presence of UDCT in the patients winh entero-colocutaneous fistula is an aggravating comorbid factor that is difficult to be treated and accompanied by high rates of lethality, which must be taken into account, choosing the adequate surgical tactics and complex pathogenetically substantiated treatment.
Data from Obesity is Associated with Shorter Telomere Length in Prostate Stromal Cells in Men with Aggressive Prostate Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>In our prior studies, obesity was associated with shorter telomeres in prostate cancer-associated stromal (CAS) cells, and shorter CAS telomeres were associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer death. To determine whether the association between obesity and shorter CAS telomeres is replicable, we conducted a pooled analysis of 790 men who were surgically treated for prostate cancer, whose tissue samples were arrayed on five tissue microarray (TMA) sets. Telomere signal was measured using a quantitative telomere-specific FISH assay and normalized to 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole for 351 CAS cells (mean) per man; men were assigned their median value. Weight and height at surgery, collected via questionnaire or medical record, were used to calculate body mass index (BMI; kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and categorize men as normal (<25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30), or obese (≥30). Analyses were stratified by grade and stage. Men were divided into tertiles of TMA- (overall) or TMA- and disease aggressiveness- (stratified) specific distributions; short CAS telomere status was defined by the bottom two tertiles. We used generalized linear mixed models to estimate the association between obesity and short CAS telomeres, adjusting for age, race, TMA set, pathologic stage, and grade. Obesity was not associated with short CAS telomeres overall, or among men with nonaggressive disease. Among men with aggressive disease (Gleason≥4+3 and stage>T2), obese men had a 3-fold increased odds of short CAS telomeres (OR: 3.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.07–8.75; <i>P</i><sub>trend</sub> = 0.045) when compared with normal weight men. Telomere shortening in prostate stromal cells may be one mechanism through which lifestyle influences lethal prostate carcinogenesis.</p>Prevention Relevance:<p>This study investigates a potential mechanism underlying the association between obesity and prostate cancer death. Among men with aggressive prostate cancer, obesity was associated with shorter telomeres prostate cancer associated stromal cells, and shorter CAS telomeres have been associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer death.</p></div>
Key2Share for Authentication Services

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Key2Share is a smartphone-based solution for authentication services that allows users to manage their access rights to different physical resources on their mobile device. The system is applicable in various application scenarios, such as access control to enterprise facilities, hotel rooms, houses and cars. Key2Share complies with high security standards by providing reliable protection for keys in transit and on the mobile platform. Particularly, it employs modern cryptography to protect keys in transfer and leverages secure hardware (such as smartcards) for storing and handling cryptographic secrets in isolation from untrusted code, such as mobile operating system and apps.
Investigation into Damage of AL-Mesh Bumper under Hypervelocity AL-Spheres Impact

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The aluminum mesh/plate bumper was designed by improving on AL-Whipple shield, and a series of hypervelocity impact tests were practiced with a two-stage light gas gun facility at Harbin Institute of Technology. Impact velocities of Al-spheres were varied between 3.5km/s and 5km/s. The diameters of projectiles were 3.97mm and 6.35mm respectively. The hypervelocity impact characteristics of 5052 aluminum alloy mesh bumper were studied through hypervelocity impact on aluminum mesh/plate bumpers. The fragmentation and dispersal of hypervelocity particle against mesh bumpers varying with material and specification were analyzed. It was found that the mesh wall position, diameter of wire and separation distance arrangement and mesh opening had high influence on the hypervelocity impact characteristic of aluminum mesh/plate shields. At similar impact velocity, hypervelocity impact characteristics comparison with aluminum sheet bumpers of equal areal mass was thrust. The optimized design idea of aluminum mesh/plate bumpers was suggested.
“We must be precise” : finding a shape for experience in Julian Barnes’ Flaubert’s parrot, a history of the world in 10½ chapters, and levels of life

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Julian Barnes’ novels have often been studied within the field of postmodernism and ‘historiographic metafiction’. Coined by Linda Hutcheon, the term refers to “novels which are both intensely self-reflexive and yet paradoxically also lay claim to historical events and personages” (Poetics 5). Although Hutcheon foregrounds the literary text in order to do justice to the “broad contemporary phenomena” (Narcissistic Narrative 2) that is metafiction, she narrows the scope of the novels she discusses by imposing her own critical framework on them. This is a framework developed primarily in opposition to postmodernist theorists such as Frederic Jameson and that is concerned principally with the epistemological status of the past. Analysis grounded in Hutcheon’s ideas tends to end in the recognition of the text’s “theoretical self-awareness of history and fiction as human constructs” (Hutcheon, Poetics 5). This essay contends that Barnes’ fiction however, resists such confinement. Working on Hutcheon’s basic assumption of historiographic metafiction as a genre in which the emphasis is on the literary text, this essay hopes to do for Barnes’ novels what Hutcheon aspired but arguably failed to do for the novels she discusses: to undertake a close investigation of the text’s self-reflexivity without subordinating the novels’ concerns and aesthetic qualities to a theoretical agenda. Specifically, this essay examines the particular treatment of history and its representation in "Flaubert’s Parrot", "A History of the World in 10½ Chapters", and "Levels of Life". In doing so, the essay traces the development of Barnes’ understanding of ‘history’, from a rigid structure to be deconstructed and challenged into a more abstract and fluid shape capable of accommodating the flux of experience.
Increasing Assistance to MSMEs through Training in Preparing Financial Reports at the Mandalamekar Village Youth Organization

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Karang Taruna is a social organization as well as a forum and means for the development of every member of the community which grows and develops on the basis of social awareness and responsibility from, by and for the community, especially the young generation in the village/ district area, especially those engaged in social welfare business. Therefore, competent Human Resources (HR) are needed to produce quality financial reports. However, in reality the Financial Reports carried out by the youth organization's treasurer are still manual so this service activity is carried out to assist youth organization members in preparing financial reports that comply with accounting standards. This activity was carried out through outreach, training and mentoring to members of the youth organization in Mandalamekar Village. Based on the PKM activities that have been carried out, there were participants who were able to understand 80% of the material. Apart from that, based on the practice of making Financial Reports and how to make Financial Reports and producing four financial reports, they were arranged neatly according to what was desired and were able to present them using a laptop, not manually like before.
Generation M

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

What does it mean to be young and Muslim today? There is a segment of the world's 1.6 billion Muslims that is more influential than any other, and will shape not just the future of Muslims, but also the world around them: meet 'Generation M'.From fashion magazines to social networking, the 'Mipsterz' to the 'Haloodies', halal internet dating to Muslim boy bands, Generation M are making their mark. Shelina Janmohamed, award-winning author and leading voice on Muslim youth, investigates this growing cultural phenomenon at a time when understanding the mindset of young Muslims is critical. With their belief in an identity encompassing both faith and modernity, Generation M are not only adapting to Western consumerism, but reclaiming it as their own.
The Effectiveness of Digital Payments in Tackling Tax Evasion in Greece

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Purpose:The present paper aims to provide robust answers to the research question if digital payments can contribute to a reduction in tax evasion.Design/Methodology/Approach: To answer the research question, regression analysis was performed to determine if there a positive and statistically significant correlation between tax revenues and GDP, as well as between tax revenues and the use of electronic payment instruments.Data were collected from the Greek Independent Authority for Public Revenue (IAPR) and from the Bank of Greece.Findings: The results of the research showed that the use of digital payments does not lead to an increase in tax revenues.Although over time there has been an increase in the use of electronic payment instruments and an increase in the volume of transactions, tax revenues have fluctuated significantly.Practical Implications: Electronic payment methods are a modern way of making transactions and are an instrument which can be used to reduce tax evasion through transparency and better control.Originality/value: This research do not link in a statistically significant way the use of electronic payment instruments and the increase of tax revenues.
Managing cyber incivility in digital workplaces: a systematic review and HR strategies

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose This study aims to address workplace cyber incivility in digital environments by proposing human resource (HR) management strategies derived from a systematic review of the literature. It seeks to clarify the concept of cyber incivility, identify its antecedents and outcomes and provide practical recommendations for HR practices to mitigate its effects. Design/methodology/approach A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines analyzed 31 empirical studies (2006–2024) using Google Scholar, PsycINFO, Business Source Complete and Web of Science databases with keywords, including “cyber incivility,” “digital workplace” and “employee well-being.” Studies were included if they focused on workplace cyber incivility, provided primary data and were published in English, while those on cyber aggression or bullying were excluded. Two authors independently screened studies, resolving discrepancies through discussion. Thematic analysis synthesized findings on definitions, antecedents, outcomes and moderators. Findings The review identifies gaps in the literature, including inconsistent measurement approaches, limited understanding of cyber incivility’s multidimensional nature, insufficient examination of dyadic perspectives between perpetrators and targets and fragmented research across different digital platforms. The included studies (n = 31) examined diverse professional contexts, with sample sizes ranging from 69 to 830 participants. Cyber incivility is shaped by individual factors (e.g. personality traits, demographic characteristics), situational factors (e.g. workload, stress) and technology-driven factors (e.g. misinterpretation in digital communication). Its negative impacts include reduced job satisfaction, heightened stress, burnout and increased turnover intentions. Evidence-based HR recommendations include developing digital communication guidelines, implementing resilience-building programs and offering training on digital etiquette and conflict resolution. Originality/value This study provides a comprehensive framework for understanding cyber incivility in digital work environments and offers evidence-based HR interventions to foster respectful communication and improve employee well-being. It bridges existing research gaps by synthesizing fragmented studies and highlighting actionable strategies for HR professionals.
The Multiple Faces of NANOG in Cancer: A Therapeutic Target to Chemosensitize Therapy-Resistant Cancers

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The transcription factor NANOG regulates self-renewal and pluripotency in embryonic cells, and its downregulation leads to cell differentiation. Recent studies have linked upregulation of NANOG in various cancers and the regulation of expression of different molecules, and vice versa, to induce proliferation, metastasis, invasion and chemoresistance. Thus NANOG is an oncogene that functions by inducing stem cells' circuitries and heterogeneity in cancers. Understanding NANOG's role in various cancers may lead to it becoming a therapeutic target to halt cancer progression. The NANOG network can also be targeted to resensitize resistant cancer cells to conventional therapies. The current review focuses on NANOG regulation in the various signaling networks leading to cancer progression and chemoresistance, and highlights the therapeutic aspect of targeting NANOG in various cancers.
Branched broomrape detection in tomato farms using satellite imagery and time-series analysis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Branched broomrape (Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel) is a chlorophyll-deficient parasitic plant that threatens tomato production by extracting nutrients from the host, with reported yield losses up to 80 percent. Its mostly subterranean life cycle and prolific seed production (more than 200,000 seeds per plant, viable for up to 20 years) make early detection essential. We present an end-to-end pipeline that uses Sentinel-2 imagery and time-series analysis to identify broomrape-infested tomato fields in California. Regions of interest were defined from farmer-reported infestations, and images with less than 10 percent cloud cover were retained. We processed 12 spectral bands and sun-sensor geometry, computed 20 vegetation indices (e.g., NDVI, NDMI), and derived five plant traits (Leaf Area Index, Leaf Chlorophyll Content, Canopy Chlorophyll Content, Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation, and Fractional Vegetation Cover) using a neural network calibrated with ground-truth and synthetic data. Trends in Canopy Chlorophyll Content delineated transplanting-to-harvest periods, and phenology was aligned using growing degree days. Vegetation pixels were segmented and used to train a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network on 18,874 pixels across 48 growing-degree-day time points. The model achieved 88 percent training accuracy and 87 percent test accuracy, with precision 0.86, recall 0.92, and F1 0.89. Permutation feature importance ranked NDMI, Canopy Chlorophyll Content, FAPAR, and a chlorophyll red-edge index as most informative, consistent with the physiological effects of infestation. Results show the promise of satellite-driven time-series modeling for scalable detection of parasitic stress in tomato farms.
The Effect of Age on Distribution and Symptomatology of

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Craniomandibular dysfunction is very common disorder of the oral and facial system and therefore a significant prob-lem in dental practice. The etiology of this disorder is very complex and variable including congenital disorders and developmental abnormalities, traumas in the area of face and jaw, unbalanced occlusion, systemic and local diseases or psychogenic factors. The symptoms can be very different and vary in intensity and duration from person to person, often are in correlation with other oral para-functions. The intensity of symptoms is usually associated with gender or age of the patients. Elderly population is particularly interesting because these changes occur in addition to atro-phic and degenerative changes in temporomandibular joint (TMJ), multiple teeth loss, present dentures, limitation of physical activity and others. Research conducted in many European countries have shown that the pain in TMJ is one of the most dominate symptoms of craniomandibular dysfunction and it often occurs in males. However, it is not easy to prove more frequent presence of dysfunction in the elderly people.