jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Distribution Patterns of Calcite Cement in the Turbidite Sandstones of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Depression, Eastern China

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Calcite cements are volumetrically dominant among the most diagenetic constituents in turbidite sandstones of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Depression. The results show carbonate cements mainly occur in three phases: Calcite I (pre‐compaction), Calcite II (post‐compaction) and ankerite in the turbidite sandstone. The isotopic composition of Calcite I and Calcite II range from –4.3‰ to 4.4‰, –3.5‰ to 4.3‰ PDB, respectively, suggesting that the calcite cements are mainly derived from the interbedded shales. The early calcite cement precipitated from the mixing of lacustrine and meteoric waters at 38–69°C. The late‐phase calcite precipitated from pore waters modified by water‐rock interactions at 64–126°C. Two distribution patterns of calcite cements can be identified, depending on their position within the sandstone. The peripheral cementation of the sandstones is near the sand‐shale contact. The development of cement is controlled by sandstone thickness and the properties of the interbedded shale. For scattered cementation, the distribution of the calcite cement is not controlled by the sand‐shale contact. Calcite cement was preferentially distributed in coarsegrained sandstones, indicating that sandstones with high original permeability are the preferred pathway for the migration of early diagenetic fluids.
Facing hegemonic masculine structures: experiences of gay men studying physical activity and sport science in Spain

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research is the first to provide insights into the experiences of gay men studying a university degree in Physical Activity and Sport Science (PASS) in Spain. Drawing on Bourdieu's categories, one-to-one semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 PASS students and exstudents that were subsequently studied through deductive-inductive thematic analysis. Our findings show the PASS context to be a heteronormative, masculinised and cisgender social field. Male homosexuality was almost invisible except when antigay language was used. Considering this environment, most of our interviewees chose to remain in the closet, which contributed to low levels of wellbeing and high levels of stress and anxiety. However, the few students that chose to come out experienced relief and felt included by some of their classmates and by staff. Discussed are key aspects of the dominant culture in PASS faculties and the repercussions for the mental health and wellbeing of gay students. Our research also provides new insights into the nature and prevalence of microaggressions regarding sexual orientation that will help PASS and university management develop specific strategies and programmes to foster inclusivity.
Active Defense: China's Military Strategy since 1949

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

What changes in China's modern military policy reveal about military organizations and strategy Since the 1949 Communist Revolution, China has devised nine different military strategies, which the People's Liberation Army (PLA) calls guidelines. What accounts for these numerous changes? Active Defense offers the first systematic look at China's military strategy from the mid-twentieth century to today. Exploring the range and intensity of threats that China has faced, M. Taylor Fravel illuminates the nation's past and present military goals and how China sought to achieve them, and offers a rich set of cases for deepening the study of change in military organizations. Drawing from diverse Chinese-language sources, including memoirs of leading generals, military histories, and document collections that have become available only in the last two decades, Fravel shows why transformations in military strategy were pursued at certain times and not others. He focuses on the military strategies adopted in 1956, 1980, and 1993-when the PLA was attempting to wage war in a new kind of way-to show that China has pursued major change in its strategic guidelines when there has been a significant shift in the conduct of warfare in the international system and when China's Communist Party has been united. Delving into the security threats China has faced over the last seven decades, Active Defense offers a detailed investigation into how and why states alter their defense policies.
Why the confusion around neonatal imitation? A review

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Considerable research efforts have been expended investigating imitation in newborns over the past 35 years. This is because neonatal imitation is extremely controversial, with debates focusing on whether the phenomenon even exists, what the mechanism is that drives it, and the function that it serves. Three prominent theories that the field currently offers are: (1) neonatal imitation is a genuine act of social communication mediated through an abstract representational system; (2) the phenomenon is actually an involuntary, inborn reflex limited to tongue protrusion; and (3) imitation in newborns is a product of arousal. These views continue to be maintained without much promise of resolution, and it is the aim of this review to investigate why. Here, we review the history of neonatal imitation research and these debates. We will critically examine the empirical basis for neonatal imitation, including studies from the past decade that have not been reviewed to date. We consider what may contribute to the confusion of the interpretation of neonatal imitation, such as newborn state regulation, testing context, coding and scoring. We conclude with comments pointing to new ways of studying and interpreting the controversial phenomenon of neonatal imitation that have not yet been proposed.
Financial management perspective of participating Tourest travel trade fair in Estonia. Case: Moon Travel Oy.

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Moon Travel is a travel agency primarily selling air tickets, hotel rooms and holidays in Finland. The company has recently been growing, which consequently arises the need of internationalizing its operations beyond Finland. As a result, Moon Travel is considering expanding into the Estonian market and is planning to participate in the Tourest travel trade fair in Estonia. The idea is to visualize the company as a promising travel agency in front of potential customers and business partners in that particular market. However, the company is uncertain whether participating in Tourest would be financially worth the effort.\n\nAddressing the stated problem, the author researched the financial management perspective of attending the Tourest travel trade fair for Moon Travel. The author mainly focused on three important financial management issues of Tourest, namely, the assessment of the strategic planning process based on internal and external factors; the budget development process; and the measurement of the quantitative and qualitative outcomes.\n\nThe author used a wide range of rich academic sources in order to find appropriate theories and models for this thesis. The author also conducted several interviews in order to find solutions for the stated problem. As the study is a pre-analysis of attending Tourest, the author presented most of the findings based on projections. The author used well-reasoned estimations and applied sensitivity analysis in order to show different views of possible outcomes. The whole process has been carried out based on educated guesswork and logical thinking. Last but not least, the author presented several implications and provided clear recommendations in order for Moon Travel to understand the financial management perspective of attending the Tourest travel trade fair in Estonia.
OpenQuake Implementation of the Canterbury Seismic Hazard Model

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT This article describes the release of the GNS Science Canterbury Seismic Hazard Model (CSHM), as implemented in the Global Earthquake Model’s OpenQuake software. Time‐varying models are implemented for the 50 yr time period between 2014 and 2064, as well as the 1 yr period from 1 September 2018 to 31 August 2019. Previous implementations have been confined to GNS in‐house software, and although source model input files have been made publicly available, this implementation improves the levels of visibility, documentation, and version control. Because of practical constraints in preparing a model for routine analysis, some corrections and changes to the previous implementations have been made. These constraints highlight issues for consideration when developing future hazard models, particularly the necessity of maintaining a balance between best‐practice science and practical model implementation. By implementing the CSHM in OpenQuake, the model is now in a form that allows users to obtain model outputs for engineering design, risk analyses, and prospective model testing.
p‐Type a‐Si:H Doping Using Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation for Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cell Application

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Plasma immersion ion implantation doping of thin a‐Si:H layers is proposed as a new and easy‐to‐process solution for the fabrication of interdigitated back contacted a‐Si/c‐Si heterojunction solar cells (SHJ). This study is focused on boron implantation (at low acceleration voltages in the range of 500–1500 V) in a‐Si:H layers on a c‐Si substrate, to create the strongly doped emitter while maintaining very high c‐Si surface passivation, required for high efficiency SHJ solar cells. The influence of implantation parameters and post‐annealing temperature on the a‐Si:H layer conductivity and passivation quality are assessed. The doped layers conductivity is also investigated by direct and indirect electrical characterization of the density of states in a‐Si:H after ion implantation, and the post‐implantation annealing. Eventually, an interesting passivation/doping trade‐off is obtained after annealing at 300 °C of samples implanted at 1000 V with implied open circuit voltage values of 710 (±5) mV and conductivity values of the doped a‐Si:H layer of 3.0 (±1.0) × 10 −5 Ω −1 cm −1 , which demonstrates that such approach is promising for processing IBC‐SHJ cells.
The Effect of Cognitive Load on Gesture Acceptability of Older Adults in Mobile Application

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The use of gesture to interact with technology is widely gaining the popularity since they are not only easy to use but also easy to learn and remember. Moreover, gestures are very natural since they are used by human in their day to day life to communicate and interact with each other. Hence those gesture does not put greater cognitive load on human mind. The cognitive capabilities of older adult are less than of younger adults as older adults have low learnability and memorability. To carter this problem we have analyzed the impact of gesture usage on the cognitive load of older adults and how this cognitive affect the acceptability of those gestures. In addition to this, we have compared different types of gestures to understand which gestures are more accepted by the older adult. The types of gestures included were single finger gesture, multiple finger gesture, bimanual gesture, metaphoric gesture, complex gesture and simple gestures. To compare the usability, affordance, acceptability and cognitive load of these gesture we have developed seven hypotheses. After operationalizing the variable of these hypothesis, the experiment was conducted on the older adults. The results of experiment showed that gestures which are mapped to a metaphor had low cognitive load as compare to gesture that are not mapped. Moreover, the results also showed that performance of single figure gesture was better than multiple finger gesture. However, one handed gesture does not have better performance than bimanual gesture. Finally results showed that gestures with higher cognitive load have low acceptability rate among the older adults.
FALL 2006 THE JOURNAL OF FIXED INCOME 1 Copyright © 2006

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

ecently, an unusually high num-ber of firms in the economy defaulted, with the default rate for Moody’s-rated speculative-grade issuers reaching as high as 10.2 % in 2001. In their annual review, Moody’s summarized these credit events as follows, “Record defaults —unmatched in number and dollar volume since the Great Depression—have culminated in the bankruptcies of well-known firms whose rapid collapse caught investors by surprise.”1 What factors cause the economy-wide default rate to change over time, and why does it vary as much as it does? In this article, we investi-gate the likelihood of joint default across
Occupation as Vision

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Article| Online December 01 1992 Occupation as Vision Ann P. Grady Ann P. Grady Ann P. Grady, MA, OTR, is a past President (1989–1992) of the American Occupational Therapy Association. She is the Director of the AccessAbility Resource Center, The Children’s Hospital, Denver, Colorado. (Mailing address: 365 Eudora Street, Denver, Colorado 80220) Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author & Article Information This Presidential address was given in March 1992 at the 72nd Annual Conference of the American Occupational Therapy Association, Houston, Texas. Online Issn: 1943-7676 Print Issn: 0272-9490 Copyright © 1992 by the American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc.1992 The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1992, Vol. 46(12), 1062–1065. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.46.12.1062 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Ann P. Grady; Occupation as Vision. Am J Occup Ther December 1992, Vol. 46(12), 1062–1065. doi: https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.46.12.1062 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Journal of Occupational Therapy Search Advanced Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright © 1992 by the American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc.1992 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Research on Track Reckoning of Automatic Parking System Based on Multi-information Fusion

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Motion control is one of the key technologies in automatic parking system. The vehicle real-time positioning information plays a fundamental role in motion control. The automatic parking scene is essentially an low-speed unmanned scene in a small area. This paper mainly studies the vehicle positioning technology in this scene, namely the Closed- loop update of parking spot. Considering the high price of equipment used in general vehicle positioning technology, this paper selects the vehicle positioning technology with simple and low cost equipment. Firstly, the positioning accuracy of traditional track reckoning is confirmed, and the simulation with carsim & simulink is used to verify the track reckoning ability. Secondly, the method of track reckoning with speed is proposed to locate moving vehicle in real time. Finally, due to the inaccurate wheel speed of vehicle at low speed in real vehicle verification section, an improved method of track reckoning used multi-information is proposed. The method combines the advantages of traditional and wheel speed methods of track reckoning to complete the track reckoning better. The software simulations and real vehicle tests about parallel parking trajectory show that the track reckoning with multi-information fusion is superior in Closed- loop update of parking spot.
Degradation of the Bioactive Compounds Enniatins A, A1, B, B1 Employing Different Strains of Bacillus Subtilis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The biological reduction of the Fusarium mycotoxins ENs by six Bacillus subtilis strains and the formation of the new ENs degradation products produced by microbial fermentations were studied.The fermentations were carried out in the liquid medium of Triptic Soy Broth during 48 h at 37 °C, under aerobic conditions.The extraction of ENs and of the degradation products was performed using ethyl acetate, and the detection and quantification of these bioactive compounds, was carried out using liquid chromatography coupled to the Mass Spectrometry Detector (LC-MS).All the bacteria analyzed in this study showed a significant ENs reduction during the fermentation processes, in particular the mean reduction evidenced ranged from 64 to the 99%.Also two degradation products related to the ENs B and B 1 were identified.
A Model to Predict Risk of Infection After Cesarean Delivery [16J]

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: Identifying patients at risk for post-cesarean infection allows for implementing prevention strategies. Our study aim was to build and validate a statistical model to predict the risk of infection after cesarean section. METHODS: Risk factors and outcomes within 30 days of surgery were collected on 2419 women who underwent cesarean delivery between 1/1/2013–12/31/2013. Two thirds of data (N=1611) containing 43 candidate predictors were randomly placed into a training set for model building and internal validation. Logistic regression models were fit to the data. Model discrimination was measured using the concordance index and accuracy using calibration curves. Internal validation was performed using bootstrapping correct for bias. The final model was externally validated on the remaining 1/3 of data (N=808). RESULTS: Post-operative infection occurred in 8% (95% CI 7.3–9.5) of patients, including 5% meeting CDC criteria for SSI (95% CI 4.6–6.5). Cesarean section for failure to progress in labor (P<.0001), higher parity (P=.1611), earlier gestational age (P=.0004), longer operative time (P=.0598) and increasing BMI (P<.0001) were the strongest predictors for infection. The model was able to discriminate between women with and without infection on internal validation (concordance index=0.683, 95% CI 0.637–0.732) and external validation (concordance index=0.680) and calibration curves demonstrated predicted versus actual probabilities were accurate through a useful range (3–45%) of risk for infection. CONCLUSION: Our model accurately predicts risk of infection after cesarean delivery. Identification of patients at high risk for postoperative infection allows for implementation of preventative measures.
Preparation, structure, and properties of a novel chain-like terbium–mercury complex

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

By means of hydrothermal reactions, a novel terbium–mercury compound, {[Tb(IA)3(H3O)2]2n[2n(HgCl4)][n(HgCl5)]}·3nH3O·nH2O (1) (HIA = isonicotinc acid) was prepared and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It exhibits a one-dimensional (1D) chain-like structure. Solid-state photoluminescence measurement shows that it display green light emission. The emission bands originate from the characteristic emissions of the 4f electrons intrashell transitions of 5D4 → 7FJ (J = 6, 5, 4, and 3) of the terbium(III) ions in 1. The photoluminescence emission energy transfer mechanism is elucidated by the energy level diagrams of the terbium(III) and isonicotinic acid ligand. Complex 1 has CIE chromaticity coordinates of (0.3177, 0.4440). Solid-state UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectra reveal that it has a wide optical band gap of 3.03 eV.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Associated with Extramammary Paget Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Saitou, Yukiko MD; Shiraki, Katsuya MD; Yamaguchi, Yumi MD; Yamamoto, Norihiko MD; Kawakita, Tomoyuki MD; Okano, Hiroshi MD; Sugimoto, Kazushi MD; Murata, Kazumoto MD; Nakano, Takeshi MD Author Information
The practicum as workplace learning: A multi-mode approach in teacher education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper has as its focus the portrayal of, and justification for, a multi modal practicum curriculum which is directed to address the needs of qualified teachers. The subject “The Reflective Practitioner in the School” is one which takes the concept of workplace learning most seriously. For too many years teacher education has treated the practicum curriculum as a pre service “practice teaching” subject sequence and has not concerned itself with ways in which in service professional development can be constructed as continuous with the pre service practicum program.
Contribution of glaciers to water, energy and food security in mountain regions: current perspectives and future priorities

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Mountain glaciers are crucial sources of fresh water, contributing directly and indirectly to water, energy and food supplies for hundreds of millions of people. Assessing the impact of diminishing glacial meltwater contributions to the security of this resource is critical as we seek to manage and adapt to changing freshwater dynamics in a warming world. Both water quantity and quality influence water (in)security, so understanding the fluxes of water, sediment and contaminants through glacial and proglacial systems is required for holistic assessment of meltwater contribution to downstream resource security. In this paper we consider the socio-environmental role of and pressures on glacier-fed waters, discuss key research priorities for the assessment of both the quantity and quality of meltwater and reflect on the importance of situating our understanding within a transdisciplinary and inclusive research landscape.
Lymph node dissection – understanding the immunological function of lymph nodes

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Summary Lymph nodes (LN) are one of the important sites in the body where immune responses to pathogenic antigens are initiated. This immunological function induced by cells within the LN is an extensive area of research. To clarify the general function of LN, to identify cell populations within the lymphatic system and to describe the regeneration of the lymph vessels, the experimental surgical technique of LN dissection has been established in various animal models. In this review different research areas in which LN dissection is used as an experimental tool will be highlighted. These include regeneration studies, immunological analysis and studies with clinical questions. LN were dissected in order to analyse the different cell subsets of the incoming lymph in detail. Furthermore, LN were identified as the place where the induction of an antigen-specific response occurs and, more significantly, where this immune response is regulated. During bacterial infection LN, as a filter of the lymph system, play a life-saving role. In addition, LN are essential for the induction of tolerance against harmless antigens, because tolerance could not be induced in LN-resected animals. Thus, the technique of LN dissection is an excellent and simple method to identify the important role of LN in immune responses, tolerance and infection.