jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Accent Variations Applied by Madurese Speakers from Sumenep and Situbondo Regions (A Phonological Study)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Madurese language is a language of local people in some areas in East Java, especially in Sumenep and Situbondo. Both areas have the uniqueness especially in accent variation in field of intonation although both of them are related to each other in language. The language has a unique manner of pronunciation because they have different Madurese accent variation in field of intonation. This study aims (1) to describe the Madurese accent variation in terms intonation which is spoken by Sumenep people (2) to describe the Madurese accent variation in terms intonation which is spoken by Situbondo people (3) to understand the differences between Madurese accent variation in terms intonation which is spoken by people from Sumenep and Situbondo. The study focuses on Sociolinguistics for the Madurese accent variation in different areas. Linguistically, in phonology which is in suprasegmental. The theory applied in ToBI (Tones Breaks Indices) because of its standard prosodic labelling system for English speech data bases. This research design is a descriptive method by using praat program and Metode Padan. The purpose is to analysis the recorded accent variation in field of intonation from Sumenep people and Situbondo people. The data collection method is using observation method with teknik Simak Bebas Libat Cakap (Indirect Observation), teknik rekam (recording), and teknik catat (transcribing). After collecting data, these steps are done; they are (1) analyzing the data using a software is called praat, (2) grouping the data based on its clarification by using metode padan, (3) explaining the data and (4) making conclusion. Besides, to encounter a validity data and to measure of the validity of the data is the answers of the participant will be checked respectively to the participants and the expert of Madurese accent, while this study uses the formal and informal method to describe the data that had been obtained in observation. The result of this study depicts that the Madurese accent variation from Sumenep occurs five pitch accents (L*,H*,L*+H,L+H*, and H+!H*), and and two boundary tones, those are (L-L%, and H-L%). While the Madurese accent variation from Situbondo appears six pitch accents (L*,H*,L*+H,L+H*,H+!H* and H*+H), and three boundary tones (L-L%,H-L%, and H-H%). While the type of intonational patterns of these languages in statement, negative and interrogative are different from one to another. The pitch accents, for instance, it has many types not only in statement, and negative, but also in interrogative sentences. Therefore, it is clear that the Madurese has variation of the accent and the different places create different accent variation in field of intonation.
Human Endothelial Cells in Culture and In Vivo Express on Their Surface All Four Components of the Glycoprotein Ib/IX/V Complex

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The platelet glycoprotein Ib (GpIb) complex is composed of four polypeptides: the disulfide-linked GpIbα and GpIbβ and the noncovalently associated GpIX and GpV. GpIbα contains binding sites for von Willebrand factor and for thrombin and mediates platelet adhesion to the subendothelium under conditions of high shear stress. We have previously shown the presence of GpIbα and GpIbβ mRNA and protein in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as well as the presence of GpIbα mRNA and protein in tonsillar endothelium. We, therefore, probed ECs for the presence of the other components of the GpIb/IX/V complex. We have identified the presence of GpIX and GpV mRNA in cultured HUVEC monolayers. The sequence of HUVEC GpIX cDNA was identical to the previously published human erythroleukemia (HEL) cell GpIX cDNA sequence. Two species of GpV mRNA, one of 3 kb and one of 4.4 kb, were found in HUVECs, whereas HEL cells displayed only the 4.4-kb species and the megakaryocytic cell line CHRF-288 contained only the 3-kb species. We previously showed that EC GpIbα protein is identical in molecular weight to platelet GpIbα. HUVEC GpIbβ, in contrast to its platelet counterpart, has a molecular weight of 50 kD and forms a correspondingly larger disulfide-bonded complex with EC GpIbα. The molecular weights of GpIX and GpV were 22 and 88 kD, respectively, identical to the corresponding platelet polypeptides. Furthermore, we have identified all four components of the complex in tonsillar vessels. Using flow cytometry, we have established that all four polypeptides of the GpIb/IX/V complex are expressed on the surface membranes of cultured HUVECs and adult aortic ECs. Furthermore, using two-color fluorescence, we have shown that all ECs expressing GpIbα also express GpIX and GpV on their surface. The ratio of GpIbα:GpIX:GpV is 1:1:0.5, which is identical to the ratio present in platelets. None of the polypeptides of the GpIb complex could be identified on the surface of human smooth muscle cells or lymphocytes. The presence of all members of the GpIb complex in the EC membrane suggests that this complex may play a role in endothelial function in vivo.
Analyses on the flora and studies on the function of medicinal pteridophytes in Jinggangshan nature reserve

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The investigation and study on the medicinal pteridophytes in Jinggangshan Nature Reserve indicates that there are37families,63gentra and134species(including varieties and forms ),walking up68.7%of the total species of medicinal pteridophytes in Jiangxi province.The floral analysis shows that the mechicinal pteridophytes flora of the geographical element is very complex,morever have obviousal tropical qualify and abundant temperates elements,Function study indicates that function of the medicinal pteridophytes are diverse.Uttllization and protection of the medicinal pteridophytes in this area,are raised in this paper.
An immunohistochemical study of neuropeptides and neuron‐specific proteins present in the small intestine of the black‐capped capuchin (Cebus appela)

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Antisera against neuron specific enolase (NSE), calbindin and the neuropeptides substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), enkephalin (ENK) and somntostatin (SOM) were used to demonstrate the presence of nerve fibres and cell bodies in the small intestine of the black‐capped capuchin, Cebus appela. NSE‐immunoreactive (IR) nerve fibres werefoundin all layers of the intestinal wall, except the longitudinal muscle, and immuno‐reactive nerve cell bodies were found in both myenteric and submucous plexuses. The submucous plexus was composed of external and internal ganglionated plexuses. Endocrine cells in the epithelium were reactive for NSE. In ganglia of the myenteric plexus, SP‐, VIP‐, ENK‐, SOM‐, NPY‐ and calbindin‐IR varicose and non‐varicose fibres were found around reactive and unreactive cell bodies. Calbindin, ENK‐, SP‐, SOM‐ and VIP‐IR, but not NPY‐IR, nerve cell bodies were observed. The primary and secondary plexuses contained fibres of each type examined. The tertiary plexus was rich in SP‐IR fibres, although ENK‐, NPY‐, SOM‐ and VIP‐IR fibres were also observed. The deep muscular plexus had mainly ENK‐ and SP‐IR fibres and few VIP‐IR fibres, while in the remainder of the circular muscle VIP‐IR fibres predominated. There were few SP‐IR and no ENK‐IR fibres in this layer. The two ganglionated plexuses of the submucosa contained ENK‐, NPY‐, SOM‐, SP‐ and VIP‐IR fibres, but calbindin‐IR fibres were not found. SP‐ and VIP‐IR cell bodies were found in both plexuses. Blood vessels had SP‐, VIP‐ and NPY‐IR fibres around them. SP‐, VIP‐ and a few SOM‐IR pbres innervated the mucosa, while endocrine cells were found with SP‐, SOM‐ and NPY‐IR. The present study demonstrated that the distribution of the neuropeptides SP‐ and VIP‐IR is similar in the small intestine of the black‐capped capuchin to that in the dog, guinea pig, human and rat. SP‐ and VIP‐IR possibly mark neurons of the same function in each species. Distributions of ENK‐, NPY‐, SOM‐ and calbindin‐IR differ substantially between species.
Design and Testing Parallel Prefix Adders using Reconfigurable LFSR in FPGA

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The main criteria of this paper is to design Reconfigurable Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) for very large scale integration(VLSI) of Integrated Circuit(IC) testing .Comparability to the Automatic Test Equipment(ATE) the Logic Built In Self Test(LBIST) has take into popularity. This logic built which helps in built testing with the help of additional hardware construction indoors the circuit. Thus doesn't contains the test pattern but they generate by the testing circuits. By this can out down the testing cost substantially. LFSR is mostly used as a test pattern generate for IC testing. To improve the fault coverage of IC testing in logic BIST using Reconfigurable LFSR. It is configurable to generate the maximum length of the pattern depending on the feedback polynomial that provide as per requirement. In this paper, the proposed reconfigurable LFSR of four structural represented in modular, standard, hybrid and complete LFSR is simulated in different sizes (8,16,32,64) in Xilinx Spartan 3E with an application of Parallel Prefix Adder (konge stone) of 16-bit.This simulation results shows the increasing of speed
Carcinoid Syndrome Due to Carcinoid Tumour of the Ovary

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Preliminary Communications JBOUNALhad disappeared not only in the group treated with the sulphonamide-pyrimethamine combination but also in the group given sulphonamide alone; in the third group the asexual parasite rate was 26%, with densities approximately those in "untreated " infections.These results indicate that in combating pyrimethamineresistant malaria, not only is sulphorthodimethoxine apparently successful in combination with pyrimethamine but it is equally effective when used alone.Details of this and subsequent drug trials will be published in due course. COMMENTThis example of the schizonticidal action of a long-acting sulphonamide against pyrimethamine-resistant forms of P. falciparum should encourage further investigations into the antimalarial action of sulphonamides, at least in the suppressive field.For treatment of the acute attack of malaria preliminary tests suggest that the action of sulphorthodimethoxine is too slow. SUMMARYA preliminary field trial to test the potentiative effect of giving sulphonamide with pyrimethamine against pyrimethamineresistant falciparum malaria was carried out among African schoolchildren in north-east Tanganyika, where drug-resistance was known to be present.A surprising finding was that the sulphonamide used, the long--acting sulphorthodimethoxine .(Fanasil), was equally effective as a schizonticide in weekly doses of 500 mg.per se as when given with weekly 25-mg.doses of pyrimethamine.I should like to thank Dr. J. Garrod, of Roche Products Ltd., for information and advice on sulphorthodimethoxine, and to the firm for supplies of the drug.
Ultrasonic temperature measurements with fiber optic system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Ultrasonic temperature measurements have been developed and widely applied in non-contact temperature tests in many industries. However, using optical fibers to build ultrasound generators are novel. This paper reports this new fiber optic ultrasonic system based on the generator of gold nanoparticles/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites. The optical acoustic system was designed to test the change of temperature on the aluminum plate and the temperature of the torch in the air. This paper explores the relationship between the ultrasonic transmission and the change of temperature. From the experimental results, the trend of ultrasonic speed was different in the aluminum plate and air with the change of temperature. Since the system can measure the average temperature of the transmission path, it will have significant influence on simulating the temperature distribution.
“Reverse Spider View” for left stem coronary artery angiographic evaluation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Among the angiographic views used to evaluate left coronary system, the so‐called “spider view” represents one of the most iconic, in particular for its ability to evaluate the Left Main stem (LM) and/or to guide percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) on LM bifurcation disease. Unfortunately, the use of such view is graved by a high X‐ray exposure for both the operator and the patient. To overcome these limitations, we described an alternative coronary angiographic view, called “reverse spider” which is able to give more information about LM body and bifurcation disease with less X‐ray exposure for the operator.
Censorship and Hollywood's Hispanic image: an interpretive filmography, 1936-1955

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Preface Introduction Feature Film Lists 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 Indexes Feature Film Titles Index Actors and Actresses Index Countries and Place Names Index Song Index Subject Index
Bjork-Shiley cardiac valves long term results: Winnipeg experience.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Between April 1970 and December 1984, 1183 Bjork-Shiley cardiac valve prostheses were implanted in 915 patients (470 males, 445 females). Four types of valves were used; Delrin disc prostheses in 75 patients, pyrolytic carbon spherical disc valves in 645 patients, the 60 degrees convexo-concave disc model in 197 patients and the 70 degrees model in seven patients. Isolated mitral valve replacement was performed in 278 patients, isolated aortic valve replacement in 363 and double valve replacement in 153. Concomitant surgery was performed in 121 patients, including a modified Bentall procedure in 15. Perioperative mortality was 6.4% (nine patients undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement; 16 in mitral valve group, 18 with double valve replacement and 16 undergoing concomitant surgery). The cumulative follow-up was 4592 patient-years, to a maximum of 15 years. There were 130 late deaths, 60% due to cardiac events. Actuarial survival for the mitral valve group was as follows: four of six patients with Delrin disc valves were alive at 13.4 years; in the pyrolytic group, survival was 82% at 10 years; in the 60 degrees convexo-concave group survival was 87.5% at seven years. In the aortic valve replacement group, 83% of patients with pyrolytic valves were alive at 10 years and 85.7% of the 60 degree convexo-concave group were alive at seven years. For patients undergoing double valve replacement, 72% were still alive after seven years. Thromboembolic events averaged 1.4 per 100 patient-years. There were seven complete valve thromboses in the mitral position requiring reoperation; six of these patients were long term survivors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Accuracy of clinical staging in stage I and IIa/b testicular nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) and implications on survival.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

e17058 Background: Clinical stage (CS) dictates treatment in men with testicular cancer and its inaccuracy may affect clinical outcome. We evaluate the accuracy of clinical staging in men with CS I and CS IIA/B NSGCT and explore the implications of inaccurate staging on overall survival. Methods: Using the National Cancer Database (NCDB), we abstracted all patients with clinical Stage I-IIB NSGCT who received a primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) from 2004 to 2014. Primary RPLND was defined as RPLND performed for CS I-IIB patients without prior chemotherapy. CS was cross-tabulated with pathologic nodal staging data. Survival for patients who were accurately staged (CS I patients with pN 0 disease, CS IIA patients with pN 1 disease) and for CS I patients found to have pN+ disease was determined using the Kaplan Meier method. Results: 1,639 CS I-IIB patients underwent primary RPLND. Among CS I patients, 23% had upstaging of disease (pN 1-3 ), of which 13.9%, 8%, and 1.1% were pN 1 , pN 2 , and pN 3, respectively (Table). Pathologic N 1-3 disease was higher in CS IB vs. CS IA patients (35.1% vs 14.2%, respectively). Of CS IIA patients, 23.1% had pN 0 disease, while 44.8%, 13.4%, and 1.3% had pN 1 , pN 2 , and pN 3 disease, respectively. At a median follow-up of 56.3 months, mortality rates for CS I patients who had pN 1 , pN 2 , and pN 3 disease were 2.8%, 4%, and 9.1%, respectively, and < 1% for men with pN 0 disease. 10-year overall survival for CS1 patients was significantly less favorable if upstaged to pN2 or pN3 disease after RPLND vs. pN0 or pN1. Conclusions: Nearly a quarter of patients with CS I NSGCT are under-staged and are found to have pN 1-3 after RPLND. Nodal disease burden is associated with survival. Novel imaging techniques and biomarkers are needed to improve the sensitivity of detecting NSGCT. [Table: see text]
Neuroplasticity of Primary Sensory Neurons in Visceral Nociception

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Chronic visceral pain is the most common complication of many functional disorders that do not have a defined pathophysiological cause. Functional pain syndromes include common disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (gastroenterology), chronic pelvic pain (gynecology), interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (urology), fibromyalgia (rheumatology), across multiple medical disciplines. Patients suffering from functional diseases may progress to cognitive decline and depression through neuroplastic changes not only at the level of the central nervous system but also in the periphery. Moreover, most functional diseases are much more prevalent in women than men suggesting estrogen modulation of nociceptive pathways. Defining the etiology of functional diseases for possible therapeutic interventions will have a significant impact on our understanding of observed gender differences and on improving patient’s quality of life.
Combination of Cisplatin-Withaferin Based on PEGylated Liposome Nanoparticles as Alternative Therapy for Ovarian Cancer

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Ovarian cancer is one of the major health problems in gynecology worldwide. Globocan 2012 data shows that ovarian cancer occurs in 239.000 cases, and is placed fourth as the most malignancy occurred in Indonesia. So far, cisplatin is the most effective therapeutic agent, but the high dosage of administration often caused side effects. A new alternative therapy to overcome the problems by using withaferin-A and nanoparticle PEGylated liposome. WFA has the potential effect to reduce cisplatin resistance but has low bioavailability thus, it needs to be encapsulated. This review’s goal is to depict the potency of withaferin-A, cisplatin, and PEGylated liposome combination as a therapeutic agent to treat ovarian cancer. The combination of Cisplatin-Withaferin PEGylated Liposome is constructed by the modified thin lipid film hydration method then administered orally. This combination suppresses 70-80% of the ovarian cancer cell growth in vivo and inhibits NGFR from binding to TRKA, prevents cell migration as much as 50%. Nano-Cisferin-Liposome, inhibits migration of ovarian cancer cell significantly through ?-catenin signaling through ALDH1 that disturb the spheroid formation, and increase apoptosis event as much 70-80% by increasing ROS production up to 2,5 times. Thus, Nano-Cisferin-Liposome (NCL) has potential as a therapeutic agent for treating ovarian cancer. Keywords: Cisplatin; Ovarian Cancer; PEGylated Liposome; Withaferin A
OVEREXPRESSION OF INDUCIBLE HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 70 MODIFIES INFLAMMATORY STRESS RESPONSES IN PORCINE NUCLEUS PULPOSUS – A POTENTIAL MODE OF ACTION OF INTRADISCAL ELECTROTHERMAL THERAPY

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Study Design: The effects of heat on porcine intertvertebral disc were studied experimentally. Objective: To assess the effects of in-vitro heating of porcine nucleus pulposus on expression of inducible heat shock protein 70 and subsequent modification of biochemical responses to an inflammatory insult in the heated intervertebral disc tissue. Subjects: Lumbar spines were harvested from six pigs. The nucleus pulposus was dissected from each intervertebral disc, divided into control (37°C) and heat shocked (42°C) groups then cultured in medium for one hour. All samples were then cultured at 37 C for a further two hours. After three hours tissue and supernatant were harvested from one third of the samples and the expression of inducible heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was quantified via Western immunoblotting and enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA). The remaining samples were cultured either in normal medium or altered (pro-inflammatory) medium containing 5ug/ml bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). At 24 hours the supernatant from these samples was analysed for both interleukin-8 (IL-8) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion using ELISA. Outcome Measures: Western immunoblotting and enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) for heat shock protein 70. ELISA for interleukin-8 (IL-8) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Results: HSP70 expression was significantly increased in the heat shocked specimens. IL-8 and PGE2 secretion were significantly increased in nucleus pulposus exposed to LPS at both temperatures. The concentrations of IL-8 and PGE2 secreted in the heat shocked samples were significantly less than controls, particularly after exposure to LPS (p Conclusions: In vitro heating of porcine nucleus pulposus causes overexpression of HSP70. This heat shock effect can alter aspects of the biochemical response of the intervertebral disc tissue to an inflammatory insult. Intradiscal electrothermal therapy (IDET) may, in theory, reduce discogenic pain at temperatures as low as 42°C by generating similar heat-induced changes in the nuclear biochemistry of degenerate intervertebral discs.
Recent Acceleration of the Terrestrial Hydrologic Cycle in the U.S. Midwest

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Most hydroclimatic trend studies considered only a subset of water budget variables; hence, the trend consistency and a holistic assessment of hydrologic changes across the entire water cycle cannot be evaluated. Here we use a unique 31 year (1983–2013) observed data set in Illinois (a representative region of the U.S. Midwest), including temperature ( T ), precipitation ( P ), evaporation ( E ), streamflow ( R ), soil moisture, and groundwater level (GWL), to estimate the trends and their sensitivity to different data periods and lengths. Both the Mann‐Kendall trend test and the least squares linear method identify trends in close agreement. Despite no clear trends during 1983–2013, increasing trends are found in P (8.73–9.05 mm/year), E (6.87–7.47 mm/year), and R (1.57–3.54 mm/year) during 1992–2013, concurrently with a pronounced warming trend of 0.029–0.037 °C/year. However, terrestrial water storageis decreased by −2.0 mm/year (mainly due to declining GWL), suggesting that the increased R is caused by increased surface runoff rather than baseflow. Monthly analyses identify warming trends for all months except winter. In summer, P ( E ) exhibits an increasing (decreasing) trend, leading to increasing R , soil moisture, GWL, and terrestrial water storage. Most trends estimated for different subperiods are found to be sensitive to data lengths and periods. Overall, this study provides an internally consistent observed evidence on the intensification of the hydrologic cycle in response to recent climate warming in U.S. Midwest, in agreement with and well supported by several recent studies consistently reporting the increased P , R and E over the Midwest and Mississippi River basin.