jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
In Memoriam: Thomas A. Imhof, 1920-1995

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

than at their farm in New York. They created the first Backyard Wildlife Habitat in Fort Collins to be recognized by the National Wildlife Federation. Gus was an avid birdwatcher and collector of bird art. Following his retirement he travelled widely and led birding trips to Central and South America. A sudden paralysis in 1984 forced him to use a wheelchair, but he continued to write articles for journals, newspapers, and magazines and was a contributing editor to Bird Watchers' Digest up until his death. He was a member of the Minnesota Bird Club and, later, of the Minnesota Ornithologists' Union. He published the Prehistory of the Minnesota Ornithologists' Union in The Loon and made regular contributions to that journal through 1994. During his teaching career, Gus attended several International Ornithological Congresses. He was most involved with the 1963 IOC held in Ithaca, serving on the excursions, local arrangements, and editorial committees. He held several visiting professorships in various parts of the world, including Denmark (1954-55 and 1961-62) and Australia (1968). Gus was one of the founding fathers of The Wildlife Society, serving as President in 1954 and editor of the Journal of Wildlife Management from 1949 to 1953. In 1973 he received The Wildlife Society's prestigious Aldo Leopold award. In 1989 the Regents of the University of Minnesota presented Dr. Swanson their Outstanding Achievement Award. He was also a member of the National Academy of Sciences (Board of Agriculture and Natural Resources) and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Survivors include his wife Evadene Burris Swanson (also a Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota), his daughter Hildy Morgan, and a son, Arthur Swanson, all of Fort Collins. A memorial natural area has been established in Fort Collins to honor Dr. Swanson.
Culture and Entrepreneurship: The Case of Latin America

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to contribute to an increased knowledge of the cultural values and the entrepreneurial activity that are present in countries with different levels of development. Within the group of developing countries, we focus our analysis on the case of Latin America.The study uses data from the Schwartz value survey (svs) to measure cultural values, and Global entrepreneurship monitor (Gem) for information regarding entrepreneurship. The results show that cultural variables, together with the rate of entrepreneurial activity, clearly distinguish developing countries from developed ones. Higher entrepreneurial activity is found in countries with lower levels of development; however, the cultural value dimensions of autonomy and egalitarianism are associated with higher development levels. In the specific case of Latin America, the results reveal the existence of two groups of countries. Firstly, Bolivia, Peru and Venezuela have higher rates of entrepreneurship and, at the same time, a greater prevalence of some cultural values (notably embeddedness, but also Hierarchy). In contrast, another group of countries in the region—Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica and Mexico—is characterized by the presence of opposing cultural values (autonomy and egalitarianism), more in line with those corresponding to developed countries.The paper concludes with a discussion of the results, including some interesting implications, from both academic and policy perspectives. In the case of Latin America, a certain combination of cultural values (embeddedness and egalitarianism) may be leading to higher start-up rates. Thus, promoting these values could contribute to entrepreneurship and economic development.
Epigenetic Histone Modification of Epstein-Barr Virus BZLF1 Promoter during Latency and Reactivation in Raji Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) predominantly establishes latent infection in B cells, and the reactivation of the virus from latency is dependent on the expression of the viral BZLF1 protein. The BZLF1 promoter (Zp) normally exhibits only low basal activity but is activated in response to chemical or biological inducers, such as 12- O -tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), calcium ionophores, or histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. In some cell lines latently infected with EBV, an HDAC inhibitor alone can induce BZLF1 transcription, while the treatment does not enhance expression in other cell lines, such as B95-8 or Raji cells, suggesting unknown suppressive mechanisms besides histone deacetylation in those cells. Here, we found the epigenetic modification of the BZLF1 promoter in latent Raji cells by histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), H3K9me2/me3, and H4K20me3. Levels of active markers such as histone acetylation and H3K4me3 were low in latent cells but increased upon reactivation. Treatment with 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNep), an inhibitor of H3K27me3 and H4K20me3, significantly enhanced the BZLF1 transcription in Raji cells when in combination with an HDAC inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA). The knockdown of Ezh2 or Suv420h1, histone methyltransferases for H3K27me3 or H4K20me3, respectively, further proved the suppression of Zp by the methylations. Taken together, the results indicate that H3K27 methylation and H4K20 methylation are involved, at least partly, in the maintenance of latency, and histone acetylation and H3K4 methylation correlate with the reactivation of the virus in Raji cells.
Ergonomics Everytime Keeps Dental Practice Healthy, Wealthy and Fine

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT ERGONOMICS is a way to work smarter - not harder by designing tools, equipment, workstations and tasks to fit the job to the worker-NOT the worker to the job. In the dental profession, dentists spend their work days in an awkward static position performing extremely precise procedures in a 2“×2 ½” workspace-the patient's mouth. Therefore, they are at a greater risk of work- related musculoskeletal disorders than is the general population. These disorders can result in pain and dysfunction of neck, back and hands and fingers. This article is aimed at providing some interventions that can considered by the dentists in light of their own experience and needs. It also discusses the important issues of posture and offers different exercises to work with comfort, efficiency and ease. A broad research of published literature was performed using the keyword ergonomics, MSD's and stretches from 1983- 2016 in google scholar, internet and text books.
Who rejects depathologization? Attitudes of Russian-speaking trans people toward revision of the International Classification of Diseases

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Post-Soviet space is underrepresented in international discussions on trans depathologization, and voices of trans people (as distinct from activists and experts) are rarely heard. The article seeks to fill this gap by introducing debates on depathologization among trans activists and nonactivist trans people of post-Soviet countries. In order to take into account opinions of various groups of trans people, a survey was conducted concerning the revision of the International Classification of Diseases and various trans-related policies. Classification models were developed to find relationships between demographic data and answers to the questions about depathologization and legal gender recognition.
Lesson Planning and Proactive Classroom Management Strategies for Teaching English at Tertiary Level in Pakistan

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There is scarcity of research on classroom management and lesson planning at tertiary level, so the current research investigates these dimensions at tertiary level in Pakistan’s context. This research article is an investigative attempt of understanding lesson planning and proactive classroom management strategies for teaching English at tertiary level in Pakistan. In this regard, the current research analyses primary data collected from the research participants. Moreover, this research paper is qualitative, because it answers open-ended questions using cross-sectional survey as a data collection tool. The investigator has made use of purposive sampling for selecting research participants from different sections of Pakistan’s tertiary level education institutions. The researcher has also employed thematic analysis method to study the collected data. The study reveals that many teachers set objectives, such presentation stage, production stage, and practice stage while planning their lessons. Similarly, the teachers at tertiary level employ behaviour and discussion-based strategies to bring forth proactive classroom management. These findings contribute to the understanding of educationists and bring about further research work at tertiary level from different dimensions. Overall, this research contributes to the pool of knowledge as a qualitative attempt of studying pedagogical management and planning at tertiary level.
Blood metabolite levels in pregnant ewes as indicators of nutritional status

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The ewes requirments for energy and protein increase rapidly during the last two months of pregnancy and particularly in the final few weeks. A major limitation to the use of changes in liveweight or condition score as indices of the adequacy of nutrition during late pregnancy is that they provide information only in hindsight. By the time an inadequate weight gain or an excessive loss of condition has been recognised an irreparable production penalty may have been incurred. A more immediate assessment of the adequacy of contemporary nutrition is afforded by the measurement of circulating concentrations of certain blood metabolites. The objective of this experiment was to compare the effects of seven dietary treatments in ewes carrying twins on the pattern of plasma β-hydroxy-butyrate, glucose, albumin and urea levels in the last month of pregnancy and their relationship with energy and crude protein intakes.
Functional characterization of naturally occurring mutant transglutaminase 2

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a functionally and structurally complex ubiquitous protein. TG2 has Ca2+-dependent transamidating activity, can bind and hydrolyze ATP/GTP, function as a G-protein in intracellular signaling, and has reported kinase activity. TG2 knockout mice are observed to have impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Three naturally occurring mutations, including Met330Arg, Ile331Asn, and Asn333Ser, have been reported in the TG2 protein and observed to be related with maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY). Overexpression of the naturally occurring Myc-tag mutants in INS-1E cells generated a loss in GSIS compared to wild type-TG2 overexpression. Each mutant was shown to have diminished transamidation and kinase activities, along with altered GTP-binding which was responsive to glucose stimulation. Naturally occurring mutations in TG2 impact the transamidation, kinase, and GTP-binding functions of TG2. The GTP-binding function of TG2 has a significant impact on GSIS from pancreatic beta cells in addition to its transamidating activity.
Noise Radar Approach for Interrogating SAW Sensors Using Software Defined Radio

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Passive, wireless surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor systems can be approached from a radar perspective, where the SAW device is thought of as a cooperative target. This paper investigates the use of a commercial-off-the-shelf software defined radio to interrogate wireless SAW sensors with a randomly generated interrogation pulse. The USRP B200mini is utilized as the transceiver platform with custom field-programmable gate array (FPGA) modifications to generate the random interrogation waveform and provide synchronization and buffering to the received signal. Each transmit sample bit in the FPGA is fed by an independent linear-feedback shift register, which generates pseudo-random I and Q samples for the interrogation pulse. An RF daughterboard has also been developed and integrated with the B200mini to increase the transmit power, provide filtering of the RF signals, and switch a signal antenna between the transmit and receive channels. Radio control and matched filter correlator post-processing are accomplished using Python. Design and implementation details for the FPGA modifications, RF daughterboard, and post-processing are discussed. The system is demonstrated by wirelessly interrogating SAW temperature sensors at 915 MHz.
Correlation of MMP-9 and p53 protein expression with prognosis in metastatic spinal tumor of lung cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of the study was to compare the protein expression of MMP-9 and p53 and examine their correlation with prognosis in lung cancer metastatic spinal tumor. Tissue samples were obtained from 30 cases of para-cancerous tissue (group I), 75 cases of non-metastatic lung cancer tissue (group II) and 100 cases of metastatic spinal tumor tissue of lung cancer (group III). The protein expression of MMP-9 and p53 was detected by immunohistochemistry and was present in all three groups. The positive rate for MMP-9 was 20, 67 and 83%, respectively. There was a significant difference among the three groups (p<0.05). The positive rate for p53 was 16.7, 78.7 and 92%, respectively. There was a highly significant difference among the three groups (p<0.01). There was a positive correlation between the protein expressions of MMP-9 and p53 (Spearman's correlation coefficient r=0.351, p<0.05). The positive or negative expression of the two proteins was statistically significant (p<0.05) for 5-year survival. The expression of MMP-9 and p53 proteins in metastatic spinal tumors of lung cancer showed increasing trends, and the expression of MMP-9 and p53 proteins was significantly higher compared to non-metastatic lung cancer tissue and para-cancerous tissue samples. This likely was associated with the invasion and metastasis of lung cancer to the spine. Survival analysis suggested that the overexpression of p53 and MMP-9 were correlated with poor prognosis.
[Differentiated interaction of hypothalamic and bulbar mechanisms in regulating blood flow in skeletal muscles].

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Acute experiments on dogs anesthetized with chloralose and numbutal were made to examine the changes in the blood flow in the muscles of hind limbs in response to stimulation of different parts of the hypothalamus before and after elimination of the effects of the main reflexogenic zones. Vasodilatation in leg muscles evoked by stimulation of the anterior hypothalamus (supraoptic dorso- and ventro-medial nuclei) increased after elimination of baroceptor effects. Qualitatively, the same response evoked by stimulation of the mamillary nuclei diminished. A conclusion has been made about differential interaction of the hypothalamic and bulbar mechanisms in muscle circulation control. It is assumed that vasodilatation of the skeletal muscles evoked by stimulation of the posterior hypothalamus might be determined by reflex inhibition of the vascular tone.
The caloric expenditure of 1,000 Kcal per week can be a meaningful intervention for controlling coronary artery disease risk factors in older female adults

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: We tried to confirm physical activity of 1,000 Kcal per week was a meaningful point in controlling coronary artery disease risks in female older adults. Methods: Participants were 66 female older adults recruited from senior welfare center. Participants were provided with accelerometer (e-step, Kenz, Japan) for measuring daily energy expenditure. Graded exercise test was done for measuring aerobic fitness. Blood glucose and lipid were analyzed. Framingham risk score was calculated based on blood glucose, blood lipid, and smoking. These variables were compared between the group expended more than 1,000 Kcal/week and the group with energy expenditure below 1,000 Kcal/week. Results: The group expended over 1,000kcal/week showed to be superior to the counterpart group in following variables; AC(Abdominal Circumference), %BF, $HR_{rest}$(resting heart rate), $VO_{2peak}$, FBG, LDL-C, TG, BDI-II, QOL, AR(Absolute Risk), RR(Relative Risk). Conclusions: The group expended over 1,000 Kcal/week was likely to have less probability in CAD than group expended less than 1,000 Kcal/week. The result of this study suggests the important role of active daily life that can be replaced with that of regular exercise especially for those who are not available to do structured exercise.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia Case after Gene Therapy for Sickle Cell Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gene therapy with LentiGlobin for sickle cell disease (bb1111, lovotibeglogene autotemcel) consists of autologous transplantation of a patient's hematopoietic stem cells transduced with the BB305 lentiviral vector that encodes the βA-T87Q-globin gene. Acute myeloid leukemia developed in a woman approximately 5.5 years after she had received LentiGlobin for sickle cell disease as part of the initial cohort (Group A) of the HGB-206 study. An analysis of peripheral-blood samples revealed that blast cells contained a BB305 lentiviral vector insertion site. The results of an investigation of causality indicated that the leukemia was unlikely to be related to vector insertion, given the location of the insertion site, the very low transgene expression in blast cells, and the lack of an effect on expression of surrounding genes. Several somatic mutations predisposing to acute myeloid leukemia were present after diagnosis, which suggests that patients with sickle cell disease are at increased risk for hematologic malignant conditions after transplantation, most likely because of a combination of risks associated with underlying sickle cell disease, transplantation procedure, and inadequate disease control after treatment. (Funded by Bluebird Bio.).
Measurement technique for the healty and carious teeth based on thermal analysis

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

In the mineral part of the teeth the calcium phosphates and calcium carbonates are combined in a collagen with the mucopolysaccharides of the organic matrix. The infection on the tooth surface caused by bacteria can modify the tooth structures resulting in the tooth decay. In order to determine the modification on the tooth structure the use of thermal analysis technique is proposed. With this aim is fundamental the definition of an experimental protocol for the preparation of the sample under examination that does not modify the structure of the tooth. Preliminary experimental results confirm the capability of the measurement technique pointed out to correctly classify the modification of the tooth structure due to the aging or the carious.
Edge Path: The Popular Logic of Cross-dressing Contrast Short Video

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

At present, short video has become the normal carrier of national information reception in the era of data, and cross-dressing video has become one of the most popular types of video by virtue of its strong sense of contrast to the pressure of the audience’s instinctive desire. Starting from the ELM model, this paper studies that in the era of short video socialization, behind the explosion of video in the vertical field of cross-dressing video is the edge path of the audience initiated, and the pressure on the audience’s instinctive desire stimulates the interest in watching, including the pressure of music on comfort desire, the pressure of high appearance on lust desire, the pressure of high contrast on voyeurism,and the pressure of cheap Internet technology on the desire for expression. To provide planning ideas for the operation of similar short videos.
Optical amplifiers in optical fiber communications systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, one of the most tremendous outcomes of photonics research has been the rapid and impressive development of optical amplification, a technology that has quickly moved from the lab to practical application. The advantages of this technology are discussed. An approach to evaluate the performance of optically amplified digital fiber-optic communication links is present. The end-to-end performance of these links with lumped Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is described. The procedure for finding the optimized performance of remote EDFA to maximize the budget improvement is developed.
Revealing ionic motion molecular solids

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Thin films of mixed valence semiconductor copper-tetracyano-quinodimethane (Cu-TCNQ) and small molecule tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum (Alq3) were investigated by current-voltage (I-V) and admittance (C-V,G-V) techniques in single-layer configuration with different combinations of electrodes. The predicted hysteresis of I-V curves and nearly constant loss (NCL) could be observed for both materials. When cycling devices between negative and positive biases, slowly decaying ionic transient currents interfere with steady-state currents and point to unidirectional motions of the ionic species with subsequent redox reaction at one of the electrodes. Plotting the frequency f dependence of the equivalent parallel capacitance at zero bias as log10C(0) versus log10(f), the dielectric behavior of Cu-TCNQ and Alq3 complies with the effective-medium model for NCL in ionic conductors [J. R. Macdonald J. Appl. Phys. 94, 558 (2003)]. It also holds for a similar plot of the equivalent parallel zero-bias conductance G(0). The nature of the revealed mobile ions is discussed with emphasis on their sources.
E-Procurement Framework for Shipping

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The existing procurement process in shipping is paper-based and labor-intensive. Looking to cut costs and improve delivery times, while simultaneously enabling companies to take a more strategic approach to their jobs, an eprocurement framework is proposed to automate and streamline its procurement process by bringing it online. In this paper we present an intranet Web-based electronic procurement infrastructure. The shipping organizational process requirements was fully analyzed and evaluated. The ships as end-users were provided with access to the application taking into account the existing communication cost and restrictions. The logical Architecture is presented including the schema of the databases, the catalog management, the workflow of the purchase order plus the end-users interaction with the procurement system through Web browser. Then the physical architecture is described when security, load simulation and several well known technologies are applied. In all step the shipping environment and its specific characteristics are fully assessed. The application in its pilot implementation (marine engines spare parts procurement) shows that is scaleable, has a supplier integration strategy that met the shipping company’s core requirement, is relatively eas y to install, configure and use and can be integrated with ERP.
[Adaptation of Einthoven's string galvanometer for electrocardiography in the Netherlands].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

After the Dutch physiologist Willem Einthoven (1860-1927) published the construction of his string galvanometer in 1901, the development of electrocardiography in the Netherlands was slow. During the next twenty years only a few string galvanometers were in use in the Netherlands, mostly in physiology laboratories. Publications concerning electrocardiographic tests on patients were scarce. In 1924, Einthoven was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine for discovering the mechanism of the electrocardiogram. From that moment onwards, electrocardiography developed rapidly in the Netherlands and during the following 30 years particular use was made of the French string galvanometer designed by Boulitte.