jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Reactions of Fluoro Ketone Cyanohydrins

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Reactions of Fluoro Ketone CyanohydrinsT. Mill, J. O. Rodin, R. M. Silverstein, and C. WoolfCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 12, 3715–3716Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01035a519https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01035a519research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
S4A-04 SESSION 4A: GENERALITIES IN CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS – PART I EVALUATING THE UTILITY OF POSTOPERATIVE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANS FOLLOWING CRANIAL VAULT RECONSTRUCTION SURGERY FOR CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: To evaluate the utility of routine immediate post-operative computed tomography (CT) scans after cranial vault reconstruction surgery for craniosynostosis. Methods: We reviewed intraoperative events and post-operative CT scans for patients with craniosynostosis who underwent cranioplasty between October 2009 and June 2018 at our institution after implementing a standard treatment protocol. We categorized common CT findings and identified the reporting radiologists’ assessment of whether the post-operative CT findings were expected, indeterminate, or unexpected results, including communicated critical results Results: Over a 10-years period, 507 participants were found eligible for enrollment. 39 of these patients had two or more surgeries, resulting in a total number of 550 surgeries. 64.5% of these patients were male, most surgeries (40.2%) were performed between 7–12 months of age and ~90% of these patients had single suture craniosynostosis. Most (82.7%) CT scans (455/550) showed expected post-operative findings and include intracranial, extradural air and fluid as common findings. Unexpected findings were described by the radiologist in 8% (n=44/550) of CT scans. A pediatric neuroradiologist confirmed abnormal findings in 52.3% (n=23), and these included: subdural hemorrhages (21.7%, n=5), subarachnoid hemorrhages (17.4%, n=4), intraparenchymal hemorrhages (13%, n=3), dural venous injury (13%, n=3) and displaced bone fragments (13%, n=3). Two cases had CT reports that described findings concerning for cerebral infarct; however, no infarct was identified on follow-up imaging. Increasing ventriculomegaly was identified in 8.7% of these cases (2/23). Bone flap was reported in 1 case (4.3%). In 52.2% (12/23) of these cases a close observation leading to additional images was required. In one case (4.3%) an intervention with anti-thrombolytic agents was required. Return to the operation room (OR) was required for one case (4.3%). For the remainder 9 cases (39.1%) no clinical action was performed. Conclusion: Abnormal findings on post-operative CT scans following cranial vault reconstruction surgery are relatively uncommon, and unexpected findings were identified in 4.2% (23/550). Whereby only 2 of these cases led to a significant intervention, return to the OR and an anti-thrombolytic management. For the remaining 21 cases no intervention was required except for close observation leading in 12 cases to additional CT imaging.
Laparoscopic Living Liver Donation for Pediatric Recipients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Living donor liver transplantation has proved to be an effective, safe and radical procedure for patients with end-stage liver diseases. Left lateral section (LLS) of donor’s liver is used in pediatric recipients. Laparoscopic LLS procurement was first described by D. Cherqui in 2002[1]. Up to date, some authors consider it to be a new standard to perform such a surgery in living donors[2]. Aim To analyze the first Russian experience in laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy (LapLLS) in living related donor. Materials and methods From May 2016 to April 2017 seventeen pure LapLLS were performed in living donors. Almost in all cases donors were women (16 women and 1 male). Recipients were children aged from 6 months through 3 years with body mass from 5.6 to 12.5 kg. Liver transection was carried out under conditions of maintained blood supply. Parenchymal transection was performed using a harmonic scalpel, bipolar coagulation and ultrasound dissection. Results Average donor age was 30 ± 8 years. Average operation time was 235 ± 16 min. Average LLS graft weight was 245 ± 18 g. Intraoperative blood loss did not exceed 100 ml (95 ± 5 ml). Donors were discharged on the 3rd-4th p.d. Original modification of hanging maneuver was proposed to protect common vessels and hilar plate and clear definition of the resection plane. There were no postoperative complications in donors. Recipients were also characterized by a standard course of the postoperative course. Conclusion LapLLS is an effective and safe method with several advantages. Primarily, these are early rehabilitation of the donors and shortening of the hospital stay, which are important for the quick return to normal way of live. Excellent visualization of anatomical structures, including vascular and biliary ones, allows performing precise selection. In addition, good cosmetic effect is also an important aspect. References: 1. Cherqui D, Soubrane O, Husson E, Barshasz E, Vignaux O, Ghimouz M et al. Laparoscopic living donor hepatectomy for liver transplantation in children. Lancet. 2002; 359: 392-396. 2. Soubrane O. et al. Laparoscopic living donor left lateral sectionectomy: a new standard practice for donor hepatectomy. Annals of Surgery 262.5 (2015): 757-763.
The interaction between rs 3807992 genotypes with the dietary inflammatory index on Leptin, leptin resistance, and Galectin 3 in obese and overweight women

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective: Obesity is related to increasing leptin and some inflammatory factors that are related to low-grade inflammation. Several studies have shown Caveolin-1 (CAV1) genetic variations may correlate with dietary intake. The current study aimed to evaluate the interaction of CAV1 rs3807992 with types of the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (EDII) in leptin, leptin resistance, and Galectin 3 as inflammatory factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 363 overweight and obese females. Dietary intake and DII were obtained from a 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The CAV-1 genotype was measured using the PCR-RFLP method. Anthropometric values and serum levels of leptin and Galectin 3 were measured by standard methods. Results: Increased adherence to EDII in the interaction with CAV1 genotypes containing risk alleles (AA+AG) leads to an increase in leptin level 79.15 ng/ml (β= 79.15, CI= -1.23,163.94, P= 0.04) in model 3 after controlling for further potential confounders. By contrast, adherence to EDII in the interaction with that genotype include risk alleles showed no significant interaction even after adjustment in model 3 (β=0.55, CI= -0.99, 2.09, P=0.48). Although marginal positive significant interaction was found between EDII and CAV1 genotypes on Galectin 3 after adjustment in model 3 (β=31.35, CI=0.13, 77.13, P= 0.05). Conclusions: A positive interaction between EDII and CAV1 genotypes on leptin and Galectin3, while no interaction was found on leptin resistance
Evaluation of reproducible cryogel preparation based on automated image analysis using deep learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Cryogels represent a class of porous sponge‐like materials possessing unique properties including high‐fidelity reproduction of tissue structure and maximized permeability. Their architecture is mainly based on an interconnected network of macropores that provides sufficient stability while allowing the movement of substances through the material. In most cryogel applications, the pore size is very important, especially when the material is used as a 3D scaffold for tissue culture, applied as a filter, or utilized as a membrane. In this study, poly(dimethylacrylamide‐co‐2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) cryogels have been prepared by two preparation methods to investigate the reproducibility of homogeneous pore structures and pore sizes. Automated image analysis algorithms were developed to rapidly evaluate cryogel pore sizes based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The quantification approach contained a unique combination of classical and deep learning–based algorithms. To validate the accuracy of the two models, we compared the results obtained from automated SEM image analysis with those from manual pore size determinations and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) measurements. Effect sizes were calculated to compare the results from manual and automated pore size measurements for the cryogel reproducibility series. 81% of the values obtained revealed only trivial differences, which strongly suggests that automated image analysis can reliably substitute the manual evaluation of cryogel pore sizes. The use of an adapted reactor setup yielded cryogels with heterogeneous morphologies in the absence of recognizable pore structures. With the conventional cryogel preparation using plastic syringes, the obtained cryogels represented highly reproducible morphologies and pore sizes in the range between 17 and 22 μm. Calculated effect sizes within the cryogel replicate series revealed only trivial differences between the obtained pore sizes in 83.5% or 99.4% of the data (classical approach and deep learning‐based approach, respectively).
Recurrent Cholangiocarcinoma Presenting as Ovarian Krukenberg Tumor

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The ovary is a common metastatic site for many neoplastic transformations of both gynecologic and nongynecologic origins. The morphologic and clinical similarities between metastatic and primary tumors of the ovary often render confusion for clinicians at diagnosis. The bile duct is an extremely rare source of metastases (Krukenberg tumor). We present here a rare case of recurrent cholangiocarcinoma with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the ovary.
Mutagenicity of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine towards Salmonella typhimurium, co-mutagenic effect of secondary biliary acids

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Even though 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) is highly carcinogenic in experimental animals, it has not been shown to be clearly mutagenic in any of the short term tests in vitro. The present report demonstrates that DMH is mutagenic in the Ames test when it is incubated together with lithocholic or deoxycholic acid with or without metabolic activation. Such a co-mutagenic effect seems to be restricted to the secondary biliary acids since neither cholic nor chenodeoxycholic acid had the same activity. The secondary biliary acids are present in the colon where they are formed by bacteria. Such a co-mutagenic effect could thus be of importance with regard to the carcinogenic activity of DMH. It could also be relevant to colon carcinogenesis in humans.
Development of public information symbols for tourism and recreational mapping

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Tourists and recreators have an increasing need for useful graphic products. Investigations have revealed that there is a lack of uniformity in the public information symbols used on tourist and recreational maps around the world. It is perceived that a need exists to develop a set of standardised public information symbols for this large group of map users. A range of theoretical and practical influences on the development of such symbols are examined to provide a sound basis for their design. As a result, a systematic procedure is proposed for designing public information symbols. To test this procedure, a study was completed to develop a prototype set of public information symbols for use with computer (raster-based) generated tourist and recreational maps. This set of symbols is organised around the following classification: accommodation, cultural features, entertainment, facilities, recreation, services, transport, uniques features and warnings. This prototype of symbols could form the basi...
On Brazilian Portuguese in Latin American integration

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

It is estimated that the Portuguese language is spoken by about 200 million people. In quantitative terms, it ranks as the sixth most widely spoken language in the world, having spread from Portugal to various other countries. Such wide expansion and distribution originate in the Portuguese history of maritime explorations that led to the discovery of new lands and important commercial routes to the East. That is why today this language is present not only in various ex-Portuguese colonies but also in those regions where communication in Portuguese was common, as is the case of India and Southeast Asia.
Growing Up Through Activism: Adult Identities and the Maturing of Standpoints

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter explores the biographical significance of periods of activism in the lives of adults who have been involved in a variety of forms of political engagement across their lifetime. We will examine the complex and contradictory ways in which activism in the life of our participants relates to key aspects of adulthood. The narratives we report on complicate any straightforward notions of both adulthood and social action. Active involvement in social movements or community campaigns, it seems, is deeply enmeshed with questions about how to be a conscientious citizen and lead a worthwhile life, yet this can lead to choices that sit uneasily with conventional views of responsible adulthood. The experiences of adulthood described in these narratives are characterised by complex reflection and review of some key tensions between activist involvement and accepted aspects of adulthood such as work and parenthood.
Two swarm intelligence-based approaches for the <i>p</i>-centre problem

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The p-centre problem is an important facility location problem. In this problem, the objective is to find a set Y of p vertices on an undirected weighted graph G = (V, E) in such a way that Y ⊆ V and the maximum distance over all the distances from vertices to their closest vertices in Y is minimised. The vertices in set Y are called centres. In this paper, we have proposed two swarm intelligence-based approaches for the p-centre problem. The first approach is based on artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm, whereas the latter approach is based on invasive weed optimisation (IWO) algorithm. The ABC algorithm and IWO algorithm are relatively new metaheuristic techniques inspired respectively from collective intelligent behaviour shown by honeybees while foraging and the sturdy process of weed colonisation and dispersion in an ecosystem. Computational results on the well-known benchmark instances of p-centre problem show the effectiveness of our approaches in finding high quality solutions.
Chapter 5 Framing Perspectives on Waste Management: Political Opportunities and Resource Mobilisation in GSE's Case

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The first phase of Irish environmental campaigns had exploited the NIMBYist concerns of local communities in a manner that superseded the economic rewards of toxic multinationals promoted by the state. GSE's campaign extended that NIMBY frame by networking with other community groups concerned about the state's approach to waste management in the second phase of Irish environmental campaigning, which was concerned with the post-boom waste crisis and infrastructural sitings.
USE OF ADMIXTURES FOR IMPROVING THE PROPERTIES OF LIGHTWEIGHT POROUS AGGREGATE CONCRETES

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

EXPERIENCE IS REPORTED OF FACTORIES IN THE SOVIET UNION WHICH USE ADMIXTURES FOR IMPROVING THE PROPERTIES OF LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE MIX AS WELL AS FRESH AND HARDENED LIGHTWEIGHT POROUS AGGREGATES CONCRETES. EXAMPLES ARE GIVEN REVEALING THE RESULTS OF INVESTIGATIONS THAT CONFIRM A GREAT EFFICIENCY OF ADMIXTURES FOR PLASTICIZING LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE MIX, DECREASING OF VOLUME WEIGHT OF LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE, AND INCREASING ITS STRENGTH, FROST-RESISTANCE AND RESISTANCE TO CORROSIVE MEDIA. /CRIC/FESR/RRL/A/
2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. Antibiotic-induced DNA methylation changes in calluses of Arabidopsis thaliana

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This study was carried out to determine the involvement of the antibiotic kanamycin, commonly used as a selective agent in transformation protocols, in the phenomenon of somaclonal variation. Both genetic and epigenetic events were looked for. Two complementary approaches were used to evaluate global methylation changes in the genome of callus derived from the leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana L.; immunolabelling using monoclonal-antibodies raised against 5-methylcytosine in order to define the relative abundance of methylated cytosine; the analysis of methylation-sensitive polymorphism technique (MSAP) to assess methylation changes at CCGG sequences. In addition, the same samples were analysed using AFLPs in order to determine the extent of genomic change with respect to callus grown in the absence of kanamycin and plants grown from seed. The use of kanamycin as a selective agent caused extensive methylation changes in the genome with both hyper- and hypomethylation events seen. However, the net result was genome-wide hypomethylation: this effect was dosage dependent; the higher the dose, the greater the effect. At the same time, sequence mutation was detected. Abbreviations: AFLP – Amplification Fragment Length Polymorphim; MSAP – Methylation Sensitive Amplifica-tion Polymorphism Introduction now accepted that such changes may also result from
Airflow distortion at instrument sites on the RV Ronald H. Brown

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Wind speed measurements obtained from research ships are prone to systematic errors caused by the distortion of the air flow around the ship’s hull and superstructure. In this report the air flow around the RV Ronald H. Brown is simulated at two relative wind directions using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The airflow distortion at three anemometer sites has been quantified for wind speed of 15 ms-1 blowing a) directly over the bows of the ship, and b) from 30º to port of the bow. All anemometers in this study were located in the bows of the ship and experienced moderate flow distortion, with the wind speed being decelerated by 1% to 4% depending on the instrument location and the wind direction. The flow had been displaced vertically by about 0.7 m for the bow-on flow and by about 0.9 m for the flow from 30º to port.
Vasorin deficiency leads to cardiac hypertrophy by targeting MYL7 in young mice

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Vasorin (VASN) is an important transmembrane protein associated with development and disease. However, it is not clear whether the death of mice with VASN deficiency ( VASN −/− ) is related to cardiac dysfunction. The aim of this research was to ascertain whether VASN induces pathological cardiac hypertrophy by targeting myosin light chain 7 (MYL7). VASN −/− mice were produced by CRISPR/Cas9 technology and inbreeding. PCR amplification, electrophoresis, real‐time PCR and Western blotting were used to confirm VASN deficiency. Cardiac hypertrophy was examined by blood tests, histological analysis and real‐time PCR, and key downstream factors were identified by RNA sequencing and real‐time PCR. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy analysis were used to confirm the downregulation of MYL7 production and cardiac structural changes. Our results showed that sudden death of VASN −/− mice occurred 21–28 days after birth. The obvious increases in cardiovascular risk, heart weight and myocardial volume and the upregulation of hypertrophy marker gene expression indicated that cardiac hypertrophy may be the cause of death in young VASN −/− mice. Transcriptome analysis revealed that VASN deficiency led to MYL7 downregulation, which induced myocardial structure abnormalities and disorders. Our results revealed a pathological phenomenon in which VASN deficiency may lead to cardiac hypertrophy by downregulating MYL7 production. However, more research is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanism.
DETERMINATION OF SOME SOLUTIONS OF THE STATIONARY 2D NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, various solutions of the stationary Navier-Stokes equations, which describe the planar flow of an incompressible liquid (or gas), are determined, i.e., solutions containing the components of the velocity of flow – the functions u, v and the created pressure – P. The paper contains three proven theorems, as well as various examples and particular examined cases. Applying Theorem 1, we can find various solutions, where the velocity components represent the imaginary and real parts of a differentiable function of a complex variable. Theorem 2 allows us to determine solutions, where the velocity components are expressed by the partial derivatives of the solutions of Laplace’s equation of a special form. It is to be mentioned that these theorems give us solutions that do not depend on the viscosity parameter λ. In theorem 3, an original method for obtaining a series of solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations is presented, in which the viscosity coefficient λ participates explicitly; these solutions cannot be obtained by applying Theorems 1 or 2. The paper contains a large number of particular cases examined and examples of exact determined solutions.