jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of physical–mental multimorbidity and its impact among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander in Australia: a cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives This study aimed to examine the differences in multimorbidity between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and non-Indigenous Australians, and the effect of multimorbidity on health service use and work productivity. Setting Cross-sectional sample of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia wave 17. Participants A nationally representative sample of 16 749 respondents aged 18 years and above. Outcome measures Multimorbidity prevalence and pattern, self-reported health, health service use and employment productivity by Indigenous status. Results Aboriginal respondents reported a higher prevalence of multimorbidity (24.2%) compared with non-Indigenous Australians (20.7%), and the prevalence of mental–physical multimorbidity was almost twice as high (16.1% vs 8.1%). Multimorbidity pattern varies significantly among the Aboriginal and non-Indigenous Australians. Multimorbidity was associated with higher health service use (any overnight admission: adjusted OR=1.52, 95% CI=1.46 to 1.58), reduced employment productivity (days of sick leave: coefficient=0.25, 95% CI=0.19 to 0.31) and lower perceived health status (SF6D score: coefficient=−0.04, 95% CI=−0.05 to −0.04). These associations were found to be comparable in both Aboriginal and non-Indigenous populations. Conclusions Multimorbidity prevalence was significantly greater among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders compared with the non-Indigenous population, especially mental–physical multimorbidity. Strategies are required for better prevention and management of multimorbidity for the aboriginal population to reduce health inequalities in Australia.
ProcessingWindow Queries in Wireless Sensor Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The existing query processing techniques for sensor networks rely on a network infrastructure for query propagation and data collection. However, such an infrastructure is very susceptible to network topology transients that widely exist in sensor networks. In this paper, we propose an infrastructure-free window query processing technique for sensor networks, called itinerary-based window query execution (IWQE), in which query propagation and data collection are combined into one single stage and executed along a well-designed itinerary inside a query window. We study the parameters for setting up an itinerary (e.g., width and route) and incorporate into IWQE three data collection schemes based on different performance trade-offs. Finally we demonstrate, by extensive simulations, the superior energy-time efficiency, robustness, and accuracy of IWQE over the current state-of-the-art techniques in supporting window queries under various network conditions.
Newborn Screening for Primary T- and B-Cell Immune Deficiencies—A Prospective Study in Andalucía

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Quantification of T-cell-receptor-excision circles (TRECs) and kappa-deleting-recombination-excision circles (KRECs) from dried blood spots (DBS) allows detection of neonates with severe T-cell and/or B-cell lymphopenia that are potentially affected by severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), as well as X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA). Methods: Determination of TRECs and KRECs using a triplex RT-PCR (TRECS-KRECS-β-actin) assay from prospectively collected DBS between February 2014 and December 2016 in three hospitals in Seville, Spain. Cut-off levels were TRECs < 6/punch, KRECs < 4/punch and b-actin > 700/punch. Internal (SCID, XLA, ataxia telangiectasia) and external controls (CDC) were included. Results: A total of 8943 DBS samples obtained from 8814 neonates were analysed. Re-punching was necessary in 124 samples (1.4%) due to insufficient β-actin values (<700 copies/punch). Preterm neonates (GA < 37 weeks) and neonates with a BW < 2500 g showed significantly lower TRECs and KRECs levels (p < 0.001). Due to repeated pathological results, ten neonates were re-sampled (0.11%), of which five neonates (0.055%) confirmed the pathological results: one case was a fatal chromosomopathy (TRECs 1/KRECs 4); two were extreme premature newborns (TRECs 0/KRECs 0 and TRECs 1/KRECs 20 copies/punch); and 2 neonates were born to mothers receiving azathioprine during pregnancy (TRECs 92/KRECs 1 and TRECs 154/KRECs 3 copies/punch). All controls were correctly identified. Conclusions: Severe T- and B-cell lymphopenias were correctly identified by the TRECS-KRECS-β-actin assay. Prematurity and low BW are associated with lower TREC and KREC levels. Extreme prematurity and maternal immune suppressive therapy can cause false positive results of TRECs and KRECs values.
Market Area Analysis for Retail and Service Locations with MCI

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In retail location analysis, marketing research and spatial planning, the market areas of stores and/or locations are a frequent subject.Market area analyses consist of empirical observations and modeling via theoretical and/or econometric models such as the Huff Model or the Multiplicative Competitive Interaction Model.The authors' package MCI implements the steps of market area analysis into R with a focus on fitting the models and data preparation and processing.
Motion reconstruction algorithm using multi-view information

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In order to more realistically realize 3D human skeleton animation from image sequences of video, a motion reconstruction algorithm using multi-view information is presented. The method makes full use of the markers' information, which is the key technologies including camera calibration, markers extraction, markers tracking and motion reconstruction. In step of tracking markers, a novel multi-view tracking algorithm is proposed. The algorithm is based on two basic steps, one is binocular stereo vision tracking using Kalman Filtering, and another step is multi-view information fusion. The experiment results prove that the proposed method is effective.
Morphological and transcriptomic responses of aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus flavus to atmospheric cold plasma treatment

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Mycotoxins contaminate about 60% of the world’s grain and legume are a health and economic burden. Atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) is a rapidly growing technology that could be used as a dry, non-thermal, and rapid process for fungal decontamination of food commodities. However, the specific mechanisms and modes of action that result in fungal inactivation by ACP are not well understood. The purposes of this study were to evaluate: 1). the effectiveness of the ACP on aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus flavus at different distances, different exposure times, and with a particular type of actuator; 2). the transcriptomic response of Aspergillus flavus to a surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) atmospheric cold plasma treatment, thereby gaining insights on the possible mechanisms of inactivation through RNA sequencing. In this study, ACP’s inactivation of spores and mycelia were evaluated, and the morphological effects of ACP treatment were observed by scanning electron microscopy. ACP treatment resulted in up to 4 log reduction (Killing 99.99%) of the A. flavus spores with decreasing inactivation efficiency at increasing treatment distance. A significant reduction in A. flavus mycelia growth after ACP treatment was observed. A. flavus spores treated by ACP appeared warped with some of the treated spores sticking together, and ACP treated mycelia appeared wrinkled. Some treated spores had smooth surfaces. In ACP-treated spores, the KEGG pathway indicated up-regulated genes associated with ribosome and ribosomal biogenesis, whereas the down-regulated genes were in carbon metabolism and pentose phosphate pathways. ACP treatment of wet mycelia of A. flavus triggered the upregulation of nitrogen metabolism and aflatoxin biosynthesis and the down-regulation of carbon metabolism and peroxisome. For dry mycelia of A. flavus, ACP treatment caused the up-regulation of pentose and glucuronate interconversion and the down-regulation of steroid biosynthesis. DEGs in each group revealed regulatory changes in genes involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis, a variety of types of antioxidants, stress defense mechanisms, and antioxidant related mechanisms such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, vitamin, etc. Future improvements on the ACP, actuators and optimization of other parameters will enhance inactivation efficiency. ACP would then become an alternative to the more commonly used agricultural/foodborne decontamination treatments.
The Cumulative Risk of Multiple CT Exposures Using Two Different Methods

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of this study was to compare the summing method (A) with the complement method (B) for calculating the cumulative lifetime-attributable-risk (LAR(tot)) of tumor incidence and mortality of multiple CT exposures. Method A defines LAR(tot) as the summation of the risk of each separate exposure. Method B was defined as the complement of the probability of inducing no cancer in N separate exposures. The risk of each separate exposure was estimated using dose, gender, and age at exposure (BEIR VII phase 2). Both methods were compared in a simulation and applied to a database of 11,884 patients exposed to multiple CTs. The relative difference between the methods was defined as ΔP%. Simulation confirmed that Method A always overestimates LAR(tot). ΔP% was proportional to the dose per exposure and the number of exposures. The differences between Methods A and B were small. Average LAR(tot) of tumor incidence was 0.140% (Method A) and 0.139% (Method B) with maxima of 5.70% and 5.56%, respectively. Average LAR(tot) of mortality was 0.085% for both methods, with maxima of 2.20% and 2.18%, respectively. ΔP% was highest (2.43%) for a female patient (3-y old) exposed to eight recurrent scans and a cumulative dose of 144 mSv. Although Method B is more accurate, both methods can be used to estimate the cumulative risk of multiple CT exposures. These results have to be interpreted, however, in the perspective of the uncertainties in the cancer risk model, which have been estimated at a factor of 2 or 3.
Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Loaded on Lignin Nanoparticles Applied as a Peroxidase Mimic for the Sensitively Colorimetric Detection of H2O2

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Lignin is the second largest naturally renewable resource and is primarily a by-product of the pulp and paper industry; however, its inefficient use presents a challenge. In this work, Fe3O4 nanoparticles loaded on lignin nanoparticles (Fe3O4@LNPs) were prepared by the self-assembly method and it possessed an enhanced peroxidase-like activity. Fe3O4@LNPs catalyzed the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2 to generate a blue color, was observable by the naked eye. Under the optimal conditions, Fe3O4@LNPs showed the ability of sensitive colorimetric detection of H2O2within a range of 5–100 μM and the limit of detection was 2 μM. The high catalytic activity of Fe3O4@LNPs allows its prospective use in a wide variety of applications, including clinical diagnosis, food safety, and environmental monitoring.
CSD 2172561: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An entry from the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database, the world’s repository for inorganic crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the joint CCDC and FIZ Karlsruhe Access Structures service and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Experiences of ‘virtual’ occupational therapy service delivery in Wales

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: COVID-19 accelerated the implementation of virtual working at pace, which carries the risk of missed opportunities for shared learning across organisations and services. This study therefore investigated the experiences of ‘virtual working’ among occupational therapy (OT) staff and students in Wales. The objectives were to establish the meaning of virtual working for occupational therapists (OTs), identify the perceived advantages and disadvantages of the technologies used to support virtual working and explore the specific contextual factors that impact on service delivery. Method: An online questionnaire was completed by 191 registered and unregistered OT staff and students working in Wales, and 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted in a convergent mixed methods design. Results and Findings: The questionnaire data confirmed that the use of virtual working has increased and impacts all areas of service delivery. The semi-structured interviews identified three themes: the art of OT, keeping doors open and looking forward. Conclusion: Virtual working can improve access to services, but one size does not fit all and its use in person centred care should be carefully considered. Virtual working should not compromise high quality service provision and the risks of virtual working to staff’s mental and physical health needs to be considered.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Construction and Characterization of Novel, Recombinant Immunotoxins Targeting the <i>Her2/neu</i> Oncogene Product: <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> Studies

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Construction and Characterization of Novel, Recombinant Immunotoxins Targeting the <i>Her2/neu</i> Oncogene Product: <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> Studies
Taming the Erratic: Artefacts of Making

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The exhibition Taming the Erratic: Artefacts of Making examines the artefact as locus for the design process. It gathers a diverse set of studies carried out for the installation Erratic, ranging from digitally simulated models to full-scale material assemblies. Together, these artefacts outline an approach to process where transfers back and forth between the Euclidian space of the simulation and the real space of the material assembly become productive opportunities.
Relation between Periodontal Disease and Histamine

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The histamine contents in gingival tissue from patients with periodontal disease were measured fluorometrically by Håkanson-Rönnberg's method, and compared with clinical findings (depth of periodontal pocket and loss of alveolar bone by X-ray photos) and histopathological findings (Listgerten & Ellegaard's classification).The following results were obtained;1. No significant correlations were found between histamine contents in gingival tissue and following clinical findings; depth of periodontal pocket and loss of alveolar bone.2. In the group of patients that were examined on the basis of clinical findings and X-ray photos, the histamine contents in gingival tissue had tendency to increase with the progression of periodontal disease.3. As the histopathological findings, the histamine contents were markedly with the degree of inflammatory cellular infilitration and the number of mast cell.It is concluded from these result that the histamine contents in gingival tissue are closely related to the process of periodontal disease and the degree of inflammatory cellular infilitration.
Chemical safety of cereal-based foods: risk management considerations

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Cereals are a significant food-source for man and his animals and, as such, are extensively traded on the international market. Given the quantities consumed, even low levels of chemical contamination can have significance both in terms of consumer health and the agri-food economy. In terms of the food-safety aspects of cereals and their products, considerable attention has been paid to the role of chemical contaminants. These can arise both during cultivation and/or when cereals are processed. Contamination can arise as a consequence of natural phenomena (e.g. heavy metals and mycotoxins) or by the direct actions of man himself (e.g. pesticides and food process toxicants). However, even where natural phenomena are the direct cause, the presence of the resulting contaminants can be aggravated or mitigated by agronomic and/or subsequent processing practices. In terms of assuring consumer safety, these issues are being addressed as part of the ongoing development of an international consensus on food-safety in terms of good agricultural and manufacturing practices as well as through the evolution of regulatory limits and codes of practice to achieve them.
An application of parameter extraction for AGV navigation based on computer vision

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we realize an application of a computer vision method to acquire some basic information to control the Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV). Firstly, we design markers refer to some special meanings (such as "Go Straight", "Left Tum", "Right Tum" and "Stop"). Secondly, we use camera to capture the markers, using HOG feature and classify the markers with SVM predictor. After that we calculate the distance and deviation angel from the markers to the AGV. Finally, we send the information to the AGV and control the movement of it.
EFFECTS OF FERTILIZATION AND PACKING TREATMENTS ON STORABILITY OF Anethum graveolens HERB

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present study was conducted during two successive seasons (1999-2000 and 2000-2001) to investigate the effect of packing material and storage duration on the quality of Anethum graveolens fresh herb.The plants were grown under different fertilization regimes that may also have impact in this respect.The fresh herb was packed in either perforated or non-perforated polyethylene bags and stored at 0ºC and 98% relative humidity for either 15, 30 or 40 days.The stored herb was investigated with regard to weight loss, respiration rate, as well as its contents of vitamin C, chlorophyll (a and b), N, P, and K.The results revealed that the most proper storage period should not exceed than 30 days, since longer periods negatively affected the studied compounds of the herb.The non-perforated packages proved to be better than the perforated one, it help in keeping the herb freshness and chemical composition.Herb collected from plants received organic manure plus biofertilizers was the best compared to that received other fertilization treatments.Under such treatment the herb kept its contents of chlorophyll (a and b), vitamin C and minerals at their highest levels.
THE ROLE OF THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM IN OVERCOMING THE UNEVEN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF A COUNTRY

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study utilizes a simple endogenous growth model and extends it to the case of two re-gions linked through their financial sectors. We model the influence of the financial development on the regional growth and extend the model for the multiple-region case to enable the empirical analysis using data on the US states. Despite our interest in uneven regional growth in develop-ing countries, the model is best tested using data from the regions of developed countries. These countries have accumulated sufficiently detailed and consistent data. In this study, I pro-pose to use US state-level data. The specific historic development of the regional banking in US, particularly the restrictions on intrastate and interstate banking, created regionally distinct banking systems.
Warming of Greenland Sea Deep Water Induced by Abyssal Mixing

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In the absence of deep convection, the Greenland Sea Deep Water has experienced a slow but significant warming during the 1980s and ´90s. Enhanced vertical mixing can explain the observed trends of several propertiesincluding anthropogenic tracers, but the necessary mixing ratesare at the higher end of those observed elsewhere in the ocean.In this work, the mixing is studied by means of the spatial distribution and strength of eddy diffusivities. These are calculated from energy dissipationrates, which in turn are estimated with two complementary methods.Thorpe scales provide a direct estimate of the dissipation from densityoverturns. The second method uses a spectral estimate of the finescale variances of velocity shear density strain as proxies for the energy content of the internal wave field, and the equlibrium energy dissipation rate. Both methods are applied on a data set obtained duringsummer 1998, comprising loweredADCP measurements of the velocity field in the central Greenland Sea and near the surrounding ridge systems, as well assupplementary temperature and salinity measurements.The diapycnal diffusivities observed in the Greenland Sea are highenough to account for the changes in deep water. The mean diffusivity across the 2000~m isobath is 1.2 x 10:sup:-3:/sup: m:sup:2:/sup:/s,two orders of magnitude larger than the typical deep ocean background.The highest values occur in the deep basin, with a moderate amplification in the vicinity of rough topography at mid depth.In the upper layer, the locations of strongest mixing are close tothe fronts of the boundary currents.Enhanced mixing in the deeper layers is not confined to rough topography, but occurs throughout the whole basin. The critical latitudes of most semidiurnal tides are located in the Greenland Sea, therefore thisdistribution is interpreted as a result of the resonant breakdown ofthe tidal waves.