jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A massive dissolved inorganic carbon release at spring tide in a highly turbid estuary

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In September 2003, the highly turbid Loire estuary (France) showed drastic oxygen depletions (down to 11% of saturation), high pCO 2 (up to 3740 μatm) and high CO 2 fluxes (280 ± 100 mmol.m −2 .d −1 ). A rapid rise in Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) was observed when the tidal amplitude increased from 3.8 m to 5.8 m. In two days, average concentrations in the 0.1–25 salinity range increased by 106 ± 17 μmol.kg −1 for DIC, by 80 ± 14 μeq.kg −1 for Total Alkalinity (TA) and by 684 ± 142 μatm for pCO 2 . In parallel, oxygen decreased by 65 ± 12 μmol.kg −1 . These changes in concentrations were attributed in majority to a massive fluid mud resuspension in the estuarine turbidity maximum. At spring tide, this DIC input was 30% higher than the river input. When averaged over the neap‐spring period, resuspension contributed to only 10% of the atmospheric CO 2 flux from the estuary, but to 60% to the net TA production in the estuary.
Studies on the prekallikrein-bradykininogen system in liver disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The plasma prekallikrein-bradykininogen system was studied in 45 patients with chronic liver disease since its activation with increased liberation of kinin into the plasma could account for some of the clinical manifestations of cirrhosis, namely, vasodilatation, hypotension, and increased capillary permeability. A significant reduction in plasma bradykininogen was found in the cirrhotic patients as compared with control groups of normal subjects and hospital inpatients. The mean plasma prekallikrein was not significantly different and only five patients with liver disease had reduced levels. The most likely explanation for the low plasma bradykininogen was impairment of synthesis by the cirrhotic liver, the usually normal prekallikrein levels making the other possibility of increased activation of bradykininogen to bradykinin in the plasma less likely.
On the Regulation of Enzyme Levels (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) in Different Organs of a Plant (Sinapis alba L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The time courses of formation of the enzyme phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL; EC 4.3.1.5) mediated by far-red light (i. e. by phytochrome, P fr ) in cotyledons and hypocotyl of the mustard seedling (Sinapis alba L.) are described. While PAL activity in the cotyledons can scarcely be detected in the dark-grown seedling, the enzyme can be synthesized in the hypocotyl even in the dark. However, the degree of induction by far-red light is much greater in the cotyledons than in the hypocotyl. In the cotyledons the enzyme is not stable. The enzyme level eventually returns to nearly zero even under continuous far-red light. The time course of the level of PAL in the cotyledons (Fig. 1) can be explained by the following 3 factors (Fig. 2): 1. Induction of PAL synthesis by P fr , whereby P fr is continuously required; 2. Inactivation (degradation) of PAL by an inactivating principle; 3. Repression of PAL synthesis. The time course of the level of PAL in the hypocotyl is completely different (Fig. 1). An explanation of the hypocotyl data is presented which is based on the assumption that PAL synthesis in the dark and PAL synthesis mediated by phytochrome are independent phenomena which occur in different tissues of the hypocotyl. It appears that the occurrence of dark synthesis of a stable enzyme in the hypocotyl explains the seemingly dramatic difference between the cotyledons and the hypocotyl with respect to PAL.
Synthesis of Carbocyclic Aromatic Compounds Using Ruthenium-Catalyzed Ring-Closing Enyne Metathesis

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

General synthetic methods of substituted carbocyclic aromatic compounds are reported. Ring-closing enyne metathesis (RCEM)/dehydration of 1,5-octadien-7-yn-4-ols <b>6</b> and RCEM/tautomerization of 1,5-octadien-7-yn-4-ones <b>7</b> furnished a wide variety of substituted styrenes <b>4</b> and 4-vinylphenols <b>8</b>, respectively. Acyclic precursors <b>6</b> and <b>7</b> were readily prepared from β-halo-α,β-unsaturated aldehydes <b>9</b> or 3-halo-2-propene-1-ols <b>13</b> by utilizing combinations of the Sonogashira coupling, allylation, and the Dess−Martin oxidation. The RCEM/dehydration for the synthesis of 1,3,5-tris(1-phenylethenyl)benzene derivative <b>4r</b> and the RCEM/RCM/dehydration for the synthesis of 1,1′-binaphthyl derivative <b>19a</b> are also presented as applications of this method.
Synthesis, physico-chemical properties and potential applications of colloidal gel particles

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Four new N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) based particles have been synthesized and characterized. The first experimental chapter reports that fluorescent poly(Nisopropylacrylamide-co-5% vinyl cinnamate) microgels were deposited on different solid surfaces to produce new environmental responsive surfaces. The mass of microgel particles deposited on glass pre-treated with acid, glass pre-treated with base, quartz, stainless steel, gold and Teflon at 25°C and 60°C was determined using fluorescence spectroscopy. The factors affecting the adsorption/desorption of the microgel particles were also investigated. The study shows that the solid surface charge is the most significant factor, followed by that of surface roughness and temperature; meanwhile, the hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity of the surface was the least significant. \n \nFluorescent temperature/pH responsive p(NIPAM-co-5% acrylic acid)-rhodamine B particles were studied. The results confirm the attachment of rhodamine B to the microgel particles. The long chains attached to the particles caused the particles to be poly-dispersed which suggests non-uniformity of particle size and behavior. \n \nFluorescent temperature/pH responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-5% lucifer yellow) (p(NIPAM-co-5% LY)) microgel particles were tested for toxicity. The particles were negatively charged, mono-dispersed and were approximately 250 nm in diameter at 15°C. The toxicity of different concentrations of p(NIPAM-co-5% LY), p(NIPAM) and NIPAM monomer was tested on two cell lines (HeLa and Vero). The results show that the two particles maintain cell viability over 80% (for both cell lines HeLa and Vero) up to a concentration of 3 mg/mL while NIPAM monomer showed a cell viability of over 80% at a concentration equal to or less than 0.3 mg/mL. \n \nThe fourth experimental chapter explores the opportunity of using microgel particles as an emulsifier. p(NIPAM-co-5% acrylic acid)-hexenol particles with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups in their molecular structure were used to stabilize two emulsions (tricaprylin-in-water and hexadecane-in-water). The stability of the emulsions increased with increasing the concentration of the microgel. For the tricaprylin-in-water emulsion, a concentration of 0.3% w/v of the novel microgel particles managed to stabilize the emulsion for a week. In case of the hexadecane emulsion in water, 0.45% w/v microgel particles could show an increase in the emulsion stability and a decrease in the creaming.
Surgical technique of femtosecond dovetail rotational autograft

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Corneal scarring is a common indication for penetrating keratoplasy. In a situation where the central cornea has a non-progressive scar and clear periphery, a rotational autograft can be attempted.1 Despite the advantages of rotational autograft, there may be difficulties in wound healing due to wound edge irregularity.2 Femtosecond laser has advanced as an alternative method of corneal wound construction for donor and recipient corneas in keratoplasty procedures.3 4 Dovetail keratoplasty is especially advantageous for performing ipsilateral corneal autografts because of its rotationally symmetric multiplanar wound construction3. In this letter, we describe the femtosecond dovetail rotational autograft for corneal scarring.

A 43-year-old Hispanic male presented for evaluation of aphakia and central corneal scar in his left eye (OS). His past ocular history was significant for an intraocular foreign body and corneal laceration repair …
Abstract SY12-04: Lowering the TCR signaling threshold with a DGKa/z dual inhibitor potentiates anti-tumor immunity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Checkpoint blockade immunotherapies expand neoantigen- or virus-specific T cells, and poor responsiveness to immunotherapy is associated with lower mutational burden in tumors of non-viral origin. Although mouse models demonstrate that lower affinity T cells recognizing self-antigens can contribute to tumor control if sufficiently activated, therapeutic options for enhancing T cell priming are limited. Diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) suppress DAG signaling by converting DAG to phosphatidic acid, thereby attenuating pathways downstream of TCR signaling. Using a novel dual DGKa/z inhibitor (DGKi), tumor-specific CD8 T cells with different affinities (TRP1high and TRP1low), and a series of altered peptide ligands, we demonstrate that inhibition of DGKa/z can lower the signaling threshold for T cell priming. TRP1high and TRP1low CD8 T cells produced more IL-2 and IFNγ in the presence of cognate antigen and DGKi. Effector TRP1high- and TRP1low-mediated cytolysis of tumor cells with low antigen load was MHC-restricted, mediated by IFNg and augmented by DGKi. Adoptive T cell transfer into mice bearing pancreatic or melanoma tumors synergized with single-agent DGKi or DGKi and αPD1, with increased expansion of low affinity T cells and increased cytokine production observed in tumor infiltrates of treated mice. Collectively, our findings highlight DGKa/z as therapeutic targets for augmenting tumor-specific CD8 T cell function. Citation Format: Stephanie K. Dougan. Lowering the TCR signaling threshold with a DGKa/z dual inhibitor potentiates anti-tumor immunity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr SY12-04.
Comparison of the anti tumor effect against CNE2 cells in DC-CIK cells with in CIK cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To investigate the anti-tumor activity against CNE2 cells of DC-CIK cells in co-culture of cytokine induced killer(CIK)cells with dendritic cells(DC).Methods:DC and CIK were prepared from healthy human peripheral blood mononuclear cells,mixing CNE2 cells,they were cocultured peripherally.CIK cells were cultured alone as controls.Killing activity was detected by MTT assay.Results:The killing activity of DC-CIK cells was significantly higher than that of CIK cells(P0.05).Conclusion:The anti-tumor effect against CNE2 cells of DC-CIK cells was significantly high.The research provides theoretical and experimental basis for the immunotherapy of DC-CIK cells.
[Effect of aqueous extracts of Tamus communis L. leaves on the germination of seeds of various species].

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The different influence of germination and growth inhibitors in aqueous extracts, at the same concentration, of Tamus communis L. leaves, on germinating seeds and seedlings of nigra L., Lactuca sativa L., Medicago sativa L., has been shown. This action, very marked at the experimental concentrations, is not toxic, as the seeds and seedlings, if immersed in deionized water after treatments, recover their germination and growth. This recovery occurs however differently in the plants investigated.
Immunological Study on the Host Cell Penetration Factor of Toxoplasma gondii

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The host cell penetration factor (PEF) of Toxoplasma gondii was studied by biochemical and immunological techniques. Sephadex gel filtration of an ammonium sulfate-precipitated PEF yielded two components with different molecular weight, but both having penetration-enhancing activity. The methods for purification removed at least 99.9% of extraneous protein. For demonstration of a significant enhancement of penetration, 0.001 μg of protein was sufficient. Biochemically, they appeared to be acid proteins with the same electrophoretic mobility. Both components showed maximal enhancement of penetration at p H 7.6 and 37 C. PEF antisera reduced the penetrative capacity of Toxoplasma parasites. The penetration-enhancing effect of the two components of PEF was inhibited by antiserum against any of them. Moreover, immunologically identical immunoprecipitates were obtained when antiserum reacted with the two components. The results thus indicated that the two components of PEF were immunogenically identical and that the difference in molecular weights might result from aggregation. Immunofluorescence indicated that PEF was related to cytoplasmic structures located in the anterior end of Toxoplasma . A possible relation between these structures and the paired organelle or the convoluted tubes was discussed. The number of parasites with immunofluorescence was low shortly after host cell penetration and increased during the intracellular life of the parasites after kinetics, previously observed for synthesis of PEF as well as for lysosomal activity of Toxoplasma .
El nuevo proceso de canonización de la edad moderna

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In the modern age became a complex and bureaucratic legal operation, for which time played a decisive role in preventing hasty decisions. A cause for beatification and canonization included several processes and was divided into two phases: the first was held in front of the tribunal of the Bishops, in the place where the fame of holiness originated and spread, while the second was the Pope’s responsibility and took place in the Sacred Congregation of Rites. The «modern» novelties of the procedure that strongly influenced the contents of the process can be summarized in two points: the coining of the formula of heroic virtues and the decrees of Urban VIII concerning non-worship. These innovations enabled mechanisms to be put in place for the selection of models of holiness that best responded to the needs of the Church.
Functions of protein phosphatase-6 in NF-κB signaling and in lymphocytes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Protein phosphatase-6 (PP6) is a member of the PPP family of Ser/Thr phosphatases involved in intracellular signaling. PP6 is conserved among all eukaryotes, and genetics in model organisms indicates it has non-redundant functions relative to other PPP phosphatases. PP6 functions in association with conserved SAPS subunits and, in vertebrate species, forms heterotrimers with Ankrd subunits. Multiple studies have demonstrated how PP6 exerts negative control at different steps of nuclear factor kappaB signaling. Expression of PP6 catalytic subunit and the PPP6R1 subunit is especially high in hematopoietic cells and lymphoid tissues. Recent efforts at conditionally knocking out genes for PP6c or PP6R1 (SAPS1) have revealed distinctive effects on development of and signaling in lymphocytes.
A one\|step method for double labeling with mixture of WGA\|gold and cellulase\|gold probes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A immuno\|gold double\|labeling technique has been used to detect the distribution of two different cellular components at the same ultrathin section with WGA\|gold and cellulase\|gold probes.The labelling conditions,suitable pH and tempreture for each probe were assayed.The results showed that this method is with a well specificity and a lower background.
Temperature effect on thin lipid film elasticity and phase separation: insights from Langmuir monolayer and fluorescence microscopy techniques

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Langmuir monolayer pressure isotherms and compressibility modulus measurements of phospholipid mixtures in several Langmuir monolayer systems at the air/water interface were investigated in this study. The ultimate aim was to carry out a comparison of the elasticity modulus for monolayers with different mixtures of l,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), l,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and chicken egg yolk sphingomyelin (eSM), in the presence/absence of cholesterol (Chol). In particular, we were able to propose that the leading force beyond the phase separation into liquid expanded (LE-) and liquid condensed (LC-) phases emerges from the increasing barrier to incorporate DOPC molecules into a highly ordered LC-phase. In addition, our findings suggest that DOPC lipid molecules have a priority to incorporate in a disordered LE-phase, while DPPC and eSM prefer the ordered one. Also, Chol seems to split almost equally into both phases, indicating that Chol has no priority for either phase and there are no particular interactions between Chol and saturated lipid molecules.
Further Ado concerningDasein's “Undifferentiated Mode”: Distinguishing the Indifferent Inauthenticity of Average EverydayDaseinfrom the Possibility of Genuine Failure

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this paper, I argue against the interpretive view that locates an "undifferentiated mode" – a mode in which Dasein is neither authentic nor inauthentic – in Being and Time. Where Heidegger seems to be claiming that Dasein can exist in an "undifferentiated mode", he is better understood as discussing a phenomenon I call indifferent inauthenticity. The average everyday "Indifferenz" which is often taken as an indication of an "undifferentiated mode", that is, is better understood as a failure to distinguish between the possibilities of authentic and inauthentic self-understanding. Dasein's average everyday self-understanding is indifferent to this distinction, and I show that this is precisely what renders it inauthentic. Recognizing this distinction, however, is not enough to render Dasein authentic. Rather, it opens up the possibility of a non-indifferent inauthenticity and what Heidegger calls the possibility of "genuine failure". To read an "undifferentiated mode" into Being and Time is to misunderstand its methodological progression from Dasein's average everyday, inauthentic self-understanding to its authenticity – "to the thing itself". A select few passages may at first seem to indicate otherwise. However, Being and Time – like both being in general and Dasein itself – cannot be properly understood "without further ado".
Strategic Interference and Tinder Use: A Mixed-Method Exploration of Romantic Interactions in Contemporary Contexts

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Research has suggested that men and women have different orientations towards mating strategies (Buss & Schmitt, 1993), with men more likely than women to orient towards short-term mating strategies (Hyde, 2005). This dissimilarity may cause men and women to have different goals in romantic situations. Strategic interference refers to the conflict that arises when two sexes encounter these different goals within romantic or sexual contexts (Buss, 1989). Men and women often solve strategic interference through sex-linked forms of deception, with the goal to increase reproductive fitness (Buss, 1989). This means that men and women sometimes deceive potential partners about their sexual goals in ways that they believe will appeal to the sex to which their romantic partner belongs. The following three studies explored whether these gender differences and encounters with strategic interference are still prevalent in the age of new dating technologies. Study one investigated whether users of the online dating app Tinder are more likely to encounter deception around sex-linked forms of strategic interference than are online dating website users or those who date offline, and it also examined whether these experiences vary between men and women. Study one also analyzed whether gender, sexual double standards, and strategic interference predicted romantic and sexual satisfaction with a specifically recalled romantic interaction. Study two explored how Tinder use primes gender-typical mate preferences and mating orientation. Finally, study three analyzed Internet forum posts on a Tinder-themed website to develop a qualitative picture of the real-world experiences of Tinder users. These studies revealed whether men and women truly undergo different experiences on the dating market and whether these experiences are influenced by the type of dating platform that an individual chooses.
Dopamine enhances GABAA receptor-mediated current amplitude in a subset of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Neuromodulators such as dopamine are important regulators of retinal function. Here, we demonstrate that dopamine increases inhibitory inputs to intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), in addition to its previously established effect on intrinsic light responsiveness. This indicates that dopamine, in addition to its ability to intrinsically modulate ipRGC activity, can also affect synaptic inputs to ipRGCs, thereby tuning retina circuits involved in nonimage-forming visual functions.
Volatile Components of Geneps (Melicocca bijuga L.) Fruit

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Volatile components of geneps fruit were isolated by simultaneous hydrodistillation/solvent extraction. The fruit had 17.4 mg/kg of total volatile compounds. Major components were ethanol (37.3%) and hexadecanoic acid (30.2%), with lesser amounts of ethyl acetate (9.7%) and methyl acetate (4.7%).
Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus molecular study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective The research of the molecular biology characteristics for community associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(CA-MRSA),provide a basis for clinical prevention and control of CA-MRSA infection.Methods Collected five methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus between January 2007 to September 2008,Using PCR for Staphylococcus aureus gene cassette(SCCmec) typing and multi-locus sequence analysis(MLST) and Staphylococcus A protein(SPA) typing.Results The three SCCmecⅣ of 5 CA-MRSA and another two was SCCmecⅤ type.MLST typing of SCCmecⅣ type strains were ST59-type and SCCmecⅤ type strains were ST7-type and Another one failed to MLST type.SPA genotyping of the three SCCmecⅣ strain attributed to the t437,the other two were t163 and t796.Conclusion Prevalent CA-MRSA infection mainly carry the gene-based SCCmecⅣ strain.This study shows that exists CA-MRSA infection in the clinical,so should pay a close attention,make perfect job of monitoring the CA-MASA infection.
TBA-20140828-ESR-AB-histpess

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Ahslla, born as a man, Abner, in the Aikanã village Gleba, has always considered herself a woman. Regardless of gossip and ostracism in her own community and outside of it, she over the years has become more open about her transsexuality. At the time I met Ahslla, she would spend most of the day sitting outside her family’s wooden house, observing the events in the village, conversing with her mother and aunt, her view often drifting into the distance, imagining and dreaming. The only time she would move from this safe and comfortable space, is when washing clothes in the nearby creek, or taking the school bus to the nearby town Chupinguaia in the afternoon. She likes to dress-up, wearing short pants and make-up, dye her hair and paint her finger and toe nails in bright colours. She is her mother’s best friend and helping hand managing the typical “female” household chores, like washing, cleaning and cooking and making sure that her smaller brothers are well cared for. This 2-hour-long and very personal conversation with Ahslla (Abner) Aikanã, recorded in October 2013, is about her life as an indigenous transsexual in a rural area of Rondônia, about difficulties she faces in her village and outside, about religion, attitudes, her relationship to her mother, about sexuality, her body and future plans.