jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Functionalized N-Alkyl Heterocycles from Ketones by a Sequential Ring Expansion/Nucleophilic Addition Process

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSynthesis of Functionalized N-Alkyl Heterocycles from Ketones by a Sequential Ring Expansion/Nucleophilic Addition ProcessVijaya Gracias, Gregory L. Milligan, and Jeffrey AubéView Author Information Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-2506 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 1, 10–11Publication Date (Web):January 12, 1996Publication History Received3 November 1995Published online12 January 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo951953whttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo951953wrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views740Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Addition reactions,Amides,Azides,Ethers,Substitution reactions Get e-Alerts
On partial orders in Rickart rings

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider the generalized concept of order relations in Rickart rings and Rickart -rings which was proposed by Šemrl and which covers the star partial order, the left-star partial order, the right-star partial order and the minus partial order. We show that on Rickart rings the definitions of orders introduced by Jones and Šemrl are equivalent. We also connect the generalized concept of order relations with the sharp order and prove that the sharp order is a partial order on the subset of elements in a ring with identity which have the group inverse. Properties of the sharp partial order in are studied and some known results are generalized.
Letter to the Editor from de Zegher and Ibáñez: “Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome”

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Corrected proof Letter to the Editor from de Zegher and Ibáñez: "Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome" Get access Francis de Zegher, Francis de Zegher Leuven Research & Development, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Lourdes Ibáñez Lourdes Ibáñez Endocrinology Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, 08950 Esplugues, Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain Correspondence: Lourdes Ibáñez, MD, PhD, Endocrinology Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Passeig de Sant Joan de Déu 2, 08950 Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain. Email: lourdes.ibanez@sjd.es. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-7191 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, dgae406, https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae406 Published: 26 June 2024 Article history Received: 01 May 2024 Editorial decision: 07 May 2024 Corrected and typeset: 26 June 2024 Published: 26 June 2024
Multi-fidelity Optimization of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper is concerned with the numerical design optimization of wind turbines. Many examples of wind turbine design optimization in literature rely on simplified analysis in some form. This may lead to sub-optimal design, because the optimizer does not see the full fidelity of the problem. To overcome these challenges, this research will explore the multi-fidelity Approximation and Model Management Framework (AMMF) optimization algorithm. AMMF is similar to conventional gradient based optimization, except in the search phase of the optimization, the analysis is replaced with a fast low-fidelity model that has been corrected to give C1 consistency with the high-fidelity model. AMMF was first explored with a simple preliminary investigation based on analytic equations. Second, it was applied to a single-discipline design optimization problem to find the internal structure with the least weight. Finally, AMMF was used in full aero-elastic wind turbine rotor design optimization problem based on the DTU 10 MW reference wind turbine design. Mixed results were achieved for the final study and further work is needed to find the best configuration for AMMF.
Quantitative cytochemistry of the diaminobenzidine cytochrome oxidase reaction product in mitochondria of cardiac muscle and pancreas.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The rate constant (k) of the cytochrome oxidase reaction under optimal conditions for cytochemical staining (i.e., 15 min fixation, incubation for 180 min for heart, 120 min for pancreas) can be used as a measure of the enzyme concentration within mitochondria. The rate constant derived from microdensitometric measurements of the mass thickness of the 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) cytochrome oxidase reaction in cristae times correlated data derived from morphometry on the surface density of cristae (SVcristae/Vmit micron-1) and the volume density of mitochondria per cell (Vmit/Vcell) has been used to determine the respiratory index (RI) of these tissues according to the following equation: RI = k(SVcristae/Vcell). Using this formula, the RI of cardiac muscle tissue was computed to be 33 times the RI of pancreas under the conditions of our experiments. The greater cristae surface density and the large mitochondrial volume density in cardiac muscle and high k value accounted for the higher RI of cardiac muscle.
[The clinical and pathological characters of malignant neoplasms arising from endometriosis].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Eight cases of malignant tumors arising from endometriosis were reported; the ovary was the primary site in 7, whereas extragonadal site (rectum) in 1. The histologic classification was as follows: endometrioid carcinoma in 1. Clear cell carcinoma in 2, mixed clear cell carcinoma and endometrioid carcinoma in 2, mixed papillary cystadenocarcinoma in 1 and serous tumor of borderline malignancy in 1. The histologic pattern arising from endometriosis of the rectal wall was endometrioid adenocarcinoma with benign endometriosis contiguous to it. It was found that the ectopic endometrial tissue may undergo malignant change when they were under stimulation by some factors. One of which may be intrinsic or extrinsic estrogen, which may be related to the high incidence rate in this age group. Laparotomy should be done for assessing malignant change when ovarian mass was greater than 10 cm or grew rapidly. Five year survival rate will be expected to improved with postoperative progestin or irradiation. Preventive measures were also suggested.
Intersectional Stereotypes in Policing: An Analysis of Traffic Stop Outcomes

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Studies of racial profiling typically focus on a White/Black or White/minority dichotomy. In this project, I extend that analysis to multiple racial, gender, and class groups. I use data from every traffic stop that occurred in six states over multiple years, amounting to more than 15 million traffic stops. Using this original and unique dataset, I am able to draw conclusions about the outcomes that individual drivers face as a result of their intersectional racial, gender, and class-based perceived identities. I attribute this phenomenon to widely held stereotypes about social groups, rather than to individually prejudiced police officers. Overall, I find that social groups that are stereotyped as more suspicious receive the harshest treatment from police, while those who are not considered suspicious receive lighter treatment, in the aggregate.
[Bacterial hemoglobin degradation in feces--the cause of false-negative occult blood tests. Results of an in vitro study].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Possible causes of false negative tests for occult fecal bleeding are hemoglobin concentrations too low to be detected or a bacterial degradation of fecal hemoglobin. In the present in vitro study the degradation of hemoglobin was assessed in cultures of fecal bacteria or in homogenates of human feces. At a hemoglobin concentration of 1.5 mg per gram stool a 48 h incubation caused a decrease of test positivity for hemoglobin of 88% (aerobic conditions) or 52% (anaerobic conditions). Thus, bacterial degradation is one of the causes of false negative test results when testing for occult fecal bleeding. These findings should be considered by the clinician when the efficiency of currently available occult blood tests in detecting right sided colonic lesions is to be assessed.
Electron-proton Co-doping Induced Metal-insulator Transition in VO2 Film via Surface Self-assembled Ascorbic Acid Molecules

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Charge doping is an effective way to induce metal-insulate transition (MIT) in correlated materials for many important utilizations, which is however practically limited by problem of low stability. In this study, we have achieved pronounced phase modulation and stabilized the metallic state of monoclinic vanadium dioxide (VO2) at room temperature, via a novel electron-proton co-doping mechanism driven by surface absorption of self-assembled L-ascorbic acid (AA) molecules. The ionized AA- species in solution donate effective electrons to the adsorbed VO2 surface, which then electrostatically attract surrounding protons to penetrate, and eventually results in stable hydrogen-doped metallic VO2. The variations of phase and electronic structures as well as the electron occupancy of V-3d/O-2p hybrid orbitals were examined by synchrotron characterizations and first-principle theoretical simulations, which explain the formation of stable metallic state. Importantly, the adsorbed molecules protect hydrogen dopants from escaping out of lattice and thereby stabilize the metallic phase for VO2. Such an electron-proton co-doping mechanism driven by suitable molecules absorption would open a new door for engineering properties of correlated oxide materials.
The impact of dividend initiation on stock returns of companies listed at the Nairobi securities exchange

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Dividends are the distribution of past or present earnings in real assets among the shareholders of a firm in proportion to their ownership. This study investigates the impact of dividends on stock returns of companies that either pay the first dividend in their corporate history or initiate dividends after a 3-year hiatus, listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. The study period (2009 to 2014) sampling criteria results to 8 firms for the study sample and uses an estimation window of 140 days and 15-day event window period. The analysis particularly, considers the magnitude of abnormal returns during the days that surround announcements of dividend initiation. This study expects to reveal whether dividend initiation is important to investors at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. It also expects to reveal whether the type of firm’s industry or sector has influence on the investors’ reaction to dividend initiation announcement. This is accomplished by measuring the abnormal returns before, during and after dividend initiation announcements. Using an event study approach, the evidence shows that dividend initiation announcements are greeted positively by investors. Sectorial analysis is made to ascertain if firms in different industries according to the sample react differently to dividend initiation announcement. The sectors included: commercial and services, banking, energy, insurance and telecommunication and technology. The results suggest that all sectors experienced significant effect of dividend initiation announcement. The firms in the telecommunication and technology sector experienced stronger investors’ reaction than firms in the other sectors. The results of this study show that dividend initiation does matter, in a way that is consistent with the signaling hypothesis which states that investors can infer information about a firm’s future earnings through the signal coming from dividend announcements, both in terms of the stability and changes in dividends. Therefore, conveying to the market information about the future prospects of the firm. Policy makers of listed firms should watch carefully and consider dividend initiation as an option to signal to the market about their future performance because investors on the securities exchange attach dividend initiation with value increasing effect on their shares/stocks. There is need for the companies’ management to ensure availability of information to the shareholders. Provision of vital information regarding operations of the firm to the stakeholders will affect positively the performance of the firm as the shareholders will tend to invest along the trends of the business
APPLICABILITY OF SCOR-BASED DEA PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT IN SMALL MED-SIZE ENTERPRISES

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper aims to test the applicability of a SCOR-based DEA benchmarking approach for SMEs in Indonesia, due to the increasing call for suitable supply chain performance measurement in the context of SMEs. An input-oriented DEA assuming both CRS and VRS was employed by deriving a set of metrics from the SCOR attributes. A sample of 16 SME convenience stores was selected for the illustration. Results show that the SCOR-based DEA provided a simple groundwork for supporting SME managerial decision making in terms of administering concise feedbacks and identifying directions to venture on. Moreover, analysis results alluded to a distinct, more comprehensive assessment of performances as opposed to that of traditional measurements that is prominent among SMEs. The distinct, comprehensive insights from the analysis may engage SMEs into taking up the more innovative performance measurement approach. Moreover, better awareness of supply chain metrics is foreseen. The SCOR-based DEA provided a unique approach to meet the conformance of Indonesian SMEs in regard to supply chain performance measurement.
Final Model For "Automated Large-Scale Full Seismic Waveform Inversion For North America And The North Atlantic" By Krischer Et Al. (2018)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The HDF5 file contains the final model of the paper "Automated Large-Scale Full Seismic Waveform Inversion for North America and the North Atlantic" by Krischer et al. (2018), soon to be published in the Journal of Geophysical Research - Solid Earth. The "coordinates_0", "coordinates_1", and "coordinates_2" data sets are the coordinates along each dimension, here colatitude in degree, longitude in degree, and radius in meter, respectively. The regularly sampled data is available in five 3D-arrays in the "data" group: "vp", "vsv", "vsh", "rho", and "Q". Velocities are defined at 1 Hertz and are given in km/s, the density in kg/m^3. Q is Q_mu. The coordinates have to be rotated to yield true spherical Earth coordinates. They have to be rotated around on axis vector of 0.766044443118978/0.6427876096865393/0.0 in cartesian x/y/z coordinates by -30.0 degrees. Conversion of spherical to cartesian coordinates happens with the standard convention: x = r sin(theta) cos(phi)
y = r sin(theta) sin(phi)
z = r cos(theta)
Properties of Adenovirus Vectors with Increased Affinity to DSG2 and the Potential Benefits of Oncolytic Approaches and Gene Therapy

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Carcinomas are characterized by a widespread upregulation of intercellular junctions that create a barrier to immune response and drug therapy. Desmoglein 2 (DSG2) represents such a junction protein and serves as one adenovirus receptor. Importantly, the interaction between human adenovirus type 3 (Ad3) and DSG2 leads to the shedding of the binding domain followed by a decrease in the junction protein expression and transient tight junction opening. Junction opener 4 (JO-4), a small recombinant protein derived from the Ad3 fiber knob, was previously developed with a higher affinity to DSG2. JO-4 protein has been proven to enhance the effects of antibody therapy and chemotherapy and is now considered for clinical trials. However, the effect of the JO4 mutation in the context of a virus remains insufficiently studied. Therefore, we introduced the JO4 mutation to various adenoviral vectors to explore their infection properties. In the current experimental settings and investigated cell lines, the JO4-containing vectors showed no enhanced transduction compared with their parental vectors in DSG2-high cell lines. Moreover, in DSG2-low cell lines, the JO4 vectors presented a rather weakened effect. Interestingly, DSG2-negative cell line MIA PaCa-2 even showed resistance to JO4 vector infection, possibly due to the negative effect of JO4 mutation on the usage of another Ad3 receptor: CD46. Together, our observations suggest that the JO4 vectors may have an advantage to prevent CD46-mediated sequestration, thereby achieving DSG2-specific transduction.
The interplay between financial development, electricity consumption and foreign direct investment in the GCC countries: new insights from GMM panel VAR

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Over the past years, the economies of the Gulf Cooperation Countries (GCC) countries, which hold a large of the world in oil and gas exports, have suffered from dramatic declines in oil prices. This has put pressure on their policymakers to seek relief from their heavy dependence on natural resources and diversify their exports. At the same time, the GCC countries have high electricity consumption due to their severe climatic conditions. This has prompted their policymakers to consider the inevitable shift to environmentally friendly resources for electricity generation. Foreign direct investment, facilitated by the financial systems of these countries, may play an important role in achieving the above objectives. Therefore, the objectives of our paper are to investigate the relationship between foreign direct investment, electricity consumption, and financial development in GCC countries using a novel GMM-Panel VAR approach. Data are observed from 1990 to 2019. We find bidirectional causality between foreign direct investment and financial development and two unidirectional paths: one from electricity consumption to foreign direct investment and from financial development to electricity consumption. In addition, we observe negative and significant responses of financial development to shocks in electricity consumption. Our results can have a double interpretation. First, they provide an overview of the interactions between the variables studied, whose evolution may be prognosticated with the analysis of shocks resulting from the methodology adopted in our paper. This is serviceable given the recurrent turbulence in the international financial markets and the incessant perturbations in the prices of energy commodities, visually examined especially in recent years. Second, our empirical findings are useful for policymakers willing to have earlier diagnoses for policies strengthening renewable energy use in these countries. Our results can be seen on the side of this objective. The quite developed financial system in these countries may play, indeed, an important role in encouraging the FDI installation in the field of renewable energy.
Audio-visual and inventory management system for schools

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The exponential growth of the IT industry in the last decade has impacted the education sector immensely. Keeping this in view, the Government of Singapore launched an IT Master plan to accelerate the pace of development of the education sector. This would promote administrative management excellence and value added services to the education system. Reducing the administrative workload of the teacher would enable them to concentrate on their professional and academic responsibilities, thereby allowing more time to educate and motivate the pupils.
Pengintegrasian Nilai-Nilai ke-Islaman dengan Pembelajaran Bahasa Jawa

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to determine the process and the integration of Islamic values ​​into Javanese language learning. This research method was carried out qualitatively descriptive. This study described how the teacher combines Islamic values ​​with Javanese language learning for grade V students. The subjects of this study were students and teachers of MI Ma'arif Darussalam. The data collection technique used was unstructured interviews. Observations are made by observing teacher activities in the classroom and outside the classroom in teaching activities that are familiar with the student's personality. Documentation was done by finding and collecting documents related to the teaching plan to get data about the habits of these characters. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data display, and conclusions. The result of this research is that the integration of Islamic values ​​with Javanese language learning carried out by the teacher is already at a good stage and has been implemented in the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Preoperative C-Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio and Oral Health in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The C-reactive protein to albumin (CRP/alb) ratio can predict early mortality of a hospitalized patient. We evaluated factors that influence the preoperative CRP/alb ratio in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and in particular clarified the role of oral health to this ratio. Materials and Methods Data from surgically treated OSCC patients were collected retrospectively. Patient 3-month mortality was recorded. The outcome variables were preoperative CRP/alb ratio, CRP level, and alb level. The studied predictors were total number of teeth, periodontal stability, marginal bone loss, tumour stage, T-class, lymph node status, and site. The statistical significance of age, sex, comorbidity combination of age and disease history (Charlson Comorbidity Index [CCI]), smoking, and alcohol history for outcome variables were evaluated. Results A total of 159 patients were included in the study. The early mortality was 3.8%. CRP/alb was higher in these patients than in those who survived. The only independent variables for CRP/alb changes were CCI and heavy alcohol use. The CRP/alb ratio was significantly lower in non-heavy alcohol users (odds ratio [OR] 0.114, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.024-0.541; adjusted p=0.006) than in other patients. Patients with CCI 0-1 were more likely to have a lower CRP/alb ratio than patients with CCI ≥5 (OR 0.033, 95% CI 0.004-0.284; adjusted p=0.002). Conclusions The CRP/alb ratio was high in OSCC patients with combined comorbities of age and disease history and in patients with heavy alcohol use. Oral health or tumour-related variables did not independently affect the CRP/alb ratio. The CRP/alb ratio appears suitable for prediction of OSCC patient early survival.