jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Additional file 3 of Identification of DNA methylation biomarkers for risk of liver metastasis in early-stage colorectal cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Additional file 3: Table S1. Clinical characteristics of the 81 samples from 59 CRC patients included in this study. Table S2. Final 213 prognositc DMRs in Stage II CRC patients. Table S3. Wilcox test results between different age/smoking group for the 213 prognositic DMRs. Table S4. LOOCV model performances. Table S5. Wilcox test results between different age/smoking group for the 23 LIM-predictive DMRs.
Shades of Cultural Marginalization: Cultural Survival and Autonomy Processes

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The recent rise in extremism, authoritarianism, displacement and isolationism signals troubled times for the most marginalized groups in societies. In this article, our primary emphasis is on a specific aspect of marginalization within organizational theory – referred to as cultural marginalization. We argue that the existing literature lacks an adequate theoretical understanding to address this phenomenon. To theorize cultural marginalization and uncover how marginalized groups may cope with such circumstances, we build on and problematize the culture-as-toolkit perspective. We integrate this perspective with other cultural theories that consider power structures more prominently. Drawing on this theoretical base, we develop a typology of four dynamics of cultural marginalization and conceptualize the specific cultural survival and cultural autonomy processes marginalized groups may undertake to safeguard their culture. In doing so, we contribute to the ongoing debate surrounding the toolkit perspective by providing novel insights into how marginalized groups utilize their socio-culturally constrained cultural resources in distinct ways, compared with more resourceful actors and groups. Our theoretical contributions pave the way for new avenues of research to deepen our understanding of the general process of cultural marginalization and to direct further inquiry into the survival strategies of marginalized groups and how they might (re)gain autonomy.
Reflections on Glock’s Conception of Analytic Philosophy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The paper tries to critically expose Hans-Johann Glock’s What is Analytic Philosophy? In this work, Glock identifies the limitations within the geographical, linguistic, historical, methodological, metaphysical and normative oriented conceptions of analytic philosophy. By developing a comparison of analytic and continental philosophy, he shows that no strict criteria could be employed in order to make such a distinction. In return he emphasizes the idea of a family resemblance amongst different proponents and strands of thought within the analytic tradition. This family resemblance is used to explore whether or not there is an underlying thread that is manifested in the different orientations that are identified under analytic philosophy. By analyzing Glock’s conception of analytic philosophy, it will be argued that, the book successfully shows the limitations of conventional definitions of analytic philosophy, exposes the current attempt to equate scientism and logical positivism with analytic philosophy in general, and also demonstrates the relevance of the analytic tradition in today’s world where the need for analysis is more than ever required. It does not limit the significance of analytic philosophy to the analysis of language and shown how there is also an interest in metaphysical and epistemological considerations. Still, Glock also needs to further articulate his thesis of family resemblance, and show whether it constitutes an orientation, philosophical current or perspective within the analytic tradition.
Cell surface marker studies in a patient with cutaneous multilobated T-cell lymphoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The phenotypic profile of atypical cells from a patient with cutaneous multilobated T-cell lymphoma was investigated using a multiparameter approach including evaluation of membrane markers, cytochemistry, and functional activity. Retroviral sequence restriction analysis was also used to investigate the presence of human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) in atypical cells infiltrating the skin and in otherwise normal peripheral blood lymphocytes. The atypical cells appeared to belong to the T-lineage demonstrating OKT11 positivity, E-rosette formation, tartrate-sensitive acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase activity, and consistent negativity for cytoplasmic and/or surface monoclonal immunoglobulins. However, they failed to stain for other T-lymphocyte-associated antigens, such as those defined by OKT3, OKT4, OKT6, OKT8, OKT9, OKT10, Leu-2a and Leu-3a monoclonal antibodies, and did not express a definite alpha-naphthyl-acetate esterase pattern. Additional studies including phagocytosis tests and a series of monoclonal antibodies against phagocytic and natural killer cell associated antigens were all negative. No HTLV-I related sequences were found in either the cells infiltrating the skin or in circulating lymphocytes. To our knowledge, in previously reported cases of cutaneous multilobated cell lymphoma a clear T-lymphocyte phenotypic profile was demonstrated. Our present data indicate that this is not always necessarily the case. The peculiar phenotype we found might represent a transitional state between different T-cell subsets or an as yet unrecognized phenotype of a neoplastic T-lymphocyte which lacks a normal counterpart.
Identified Particle Correlations at RHIC: Medium Interactions & Modified Fragmentation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Azimuthal angle two particle correlations have been shown to be a powerful probe for extracting novel features of jet induced correlations produced in Au+Au collisions at RHIC. At intermediate $p_T$, 2-5GeV/c, the jets have been shown to be significantly modified in both their particle composition and their angular distribution compared to p+p collisions. Two-particle angular correlations with identified particles provide sensitive probes of both the interactions between hard scattered partons and the medium. The systematics of these correlations are essential to understanding the physics of intermediate $p_T$ in heavy ion collisions.
Fundamental Change in Neurovascular Coupling after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) following cerebral aneurysm rupture is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality against which existing therapeutic options have limited efficacy. The impact of SAH on neurovascular coupling, reflecting the coordinated communication between neurons, astrocytes and parenchymal arterioles, is unknown. Using a combination of two‐photon and infrared‐differential interference contrast microscopy, arteriolar diameter and astrocyte endfoot Ca 2+ were simultaneously measured in brain slices from un‐operated, sham‐operated and SAH model of rats. Increased neuronal activity caused by electrical field stimulation (EFS) elicited the predicted elevation in endfoot Ca 2+ and vasodilation in brain slices from control animals (Filosa JA et al , 2006). EFS induced a similar increase in endfoot Ca 2+ , but in marked contrast caused parenchymal arteriolar constriction in brain slices from SAH model animals. Further, elevating endfoot Ca 2+ via two‐photon photolysis of caged Ca 2+ in the range of 200–500 nM caused parenchymal arteriolar dilation in brain slices from control animals and constriction in brain slices from SAH animals. These data demonstrate that SAH causes a fundamental switch from vasodilation to constriction in response to moderate increases in astrocyte endfoot Ca 2+ . (Supported by NIH P01 HL095488, R01 HL078983, R01 HL44455, & Totman Medical Research Trust).
Google Forms as Worksheets to Foster Students’ Learning Interest and Autonomy During Online Mathematics Learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Covid-19 pandemic demand change in education.Various online learning activities are arranged and presented so that learning continues to run effectively.In general, the aim of this research is to analyze the student worksheet assisted by Google forms (GF) during online mathematics learning.There are three specific aims in this study, i.e., the effectiveness of GF, the changes in student learning completeness, and the existence of students' learning interest and autonomy.As respondents, there are 102 students and 12 teachers in SMPN 5 Langsa.We conclude that the use of GF is very effective according to teachers' responses.We also get the result that more than a half of students could complete the learning.Finally, GF can be used to foster students' learning interest and autonomy.
Why Trade Facilitation is Important for Africa

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Trade facilitation can provide important opportunities for Africa by increasing the benefits from open trade, and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction. Removing trade barriers has contributed to the expansion of global trade in the decade after the conclusion of the trade negotiations of the Uruguay Round in 1994 and the subsequent establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO). However, the quest for more open trade is not an end in of itself but driven by the experience that open trade provides more economic opportunities for people. Producers can offer their goods and services to more customers, and consumers have more choices, lower prices, and access to innovations. Open markets increase prospects of producing and selling new ideas and products locally, regionally and in global markets, which leads to more income opportunities and the improvement of living standards. Trade facilitation measures have become a key instrument to create a better trading environment. The international community has acknowledged that for many lower income countries having better market access to industrial countries is insufficient unless the capabilities to trade are addressed as well. The resulting trade capacity building activities evolved into a broader and comprehensive Aid for Trade agenda, with trade facilitation playing a major role in these efforts. This chapter argues for approaching trade facilitation in a comprehensive way by addressing the new challenges to trade, which no longer arise predominantly from high tariffs but from barriers behind the border. This approach highlights the need for cross-sector analysis, for example along the value-chain of products, to address trade bottlenecks. However, the biggest obstacle to greater trade integration is the lack of accompanying policy and regulatory reforms. Trade facilitation can provide opportunities for African exporters if hard infrastructure and technical advice are backed by equally ambitious policy reforms.
The nature of the cross-linking of proteins by glutaraldehyde. Part 2. The formation of quaternary pyridinium compounds by the action of glutaraldehyde on proteins and the identification of a 3-(2-piperidyl)-pyridinium derivative, anabilysine, as a cross-linking entity

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

1-(5-Amino-5-carboxypentyl)pyridinium chloride (3) and 1-(5-amino-5-carboxypentyl)-3-[1-(5-amino-5-carboxypentyl)-2-piperidyl]pyridinium chloride, anabilysine (4), have been isolated from acid hydrolysates of glutaraldehyde-treated ovalbumin and their structures confirmed by synthesis. It is concluded that the strong chromophore at ca. 265 nm shown by glutaraldehyde-treated proteins is due to the formation of such quaternary pyridinium compounds and that anabilysine residues are important in the cross-linking of proteins by glutaraldehyde.
Physicochemical Properties and Sensing Ability of Metallophthalocyanines/Chitosan\nNanocomposites

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Electroactive nanostructured films of chitosan (Ch) and tetrasulfonated metallophthalocyanines containing\nnickel (NiTsPc), copper (CuTsPc), and iron (FeTsPc) were produced via the electrostatic layer-by-layer (LbL)\ntechnique. The multilayer formation was monitored with UV−vis spectroscopy by measuring the increase of\nthe Q-band absorption from metallophthalocyanines. Results from transmission and reflection infrared\nspectroscopy suggested specific interactions between SO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> groups from metallophthalocyanines and NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>\nfrom chitosan. The electroactive multilayered films assembled onto an ITO electrode were characterized by\ncyclic voltammetry, with Ch/NiTsPc films showing higher stability and well-defined voltammograms displaying\nreversible redox peaks at 0.80 and 0.75 V. These films could be used to detect dopamine (DA) in the\nconcentration range from 5.0 × 10<sup>-6</sup> to 1.5 × 10<sup>-4</sup> mol L<sup>-1</sup>. Also, ITO−(Ch/NiTsPc)<i><sub>n</sub></i> electrodes showed\nhigher electrocatalytic activity for DA oxidation when compared with a bare ITO electrode. On the other\nhand, only the Ch/FeTsPc and Ch/CuTsPc modified electrodes could distinguish between DA and ascorbic\nacid. These results demonstrate that versatile electrodes can be prepared by incorporation of different\nmetallophthalocyanine molecules in LbL films, which may be used in bioanalytical applications.
Research on NVH optimization of automotive engine intake system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for NVH performance of cars is also constantly increasing. As the main source of automotive noise, the noise of the engine intake system has become an important research topic in optimizing and controlling automotive noise, and improving the overall NVH performance of the vehicle. Based on the basic structure of the automotive engine intake system, a geometric model of the automotive engine intake system is constructed in CATIA software and imported into Virtual Grid partitioning and simulation analysis are conducted in Lab software, and the results showed that the maximum noise at 10cm of the air inlet without a muffler is about 120dB (A); After adding a full muffler, the noise at the air inlet is maintained at around 95dB (A), and the noise reduction effect is obvious. Currently, the effect of the 9.6L air filter is basically consistent with that of the 12L air filter muffler. The noise of the 12L air filter scheme is about 5dB (A) lower than that of the 9.6L air filter scheme. Furthermore, two quarter wavelength tubes are added at the empty tube end of the 12L air filter scheme to eliminate resonance frequencies of 300Hz and 700Hz, respectively, in order to optimize the design and achieve a significant overall noise reduction effect.
Quantification of cytosolic metallothionein contents by a developed assay system using immobilized antibody

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Metallothioneins (MTs) are low molecular weight and metal-binding proteins of a high cysteine content [1]. Although the biological functions of the proteins are not fully understood, it is believed to play an important role in the homeostasis of essential heavy metals such as Zn and Cu, as well as the detoxification of heavy metals such as Cd and Hg [2]. The biosynthesis of MT can be induced by a variety of physical, chemical, sensory and psychological stressors [2–5].
Inhibitory and Bactericidal Potential of Some Indigenous Functional Food-Plants Used in the O.R. Tambo District Municipality of South Africa

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Antimicrobial resistance is a major problem in the management of infectious diseases. African indigenous functional food-plants such as Chenopodium album and Solanum nigrum may constitute important sources of phytochemical constituents for the synthesis of antimicrobial compounds against infectious organisms. The objective of this study was to determine the antimicrobial pro- perties of Chenopodium album and Solanum nigrum-leaves used as functional food-plants in the O.R. Tambo district municipality of South Africa. Organic and aqueous solvent-extracts of C. album and S. nigrum were tested against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC127853), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6051), Escherichia coli (25922) and Enterococcus faecalis (51299) using standard microbiological techniques. Ciprofloxacin was included in all the experimental runs as positive control antibiotic. The aqueous extracts of both plants were the most active with zones of inhibition diameters ranging from 0 mm - 20 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50) values ranging from 0.63 mg/mL - 10 mg/mL. The positive control antibiotic was highly active with zones of inhibition diameters ranging from 17 mm - 31 mm and MIC50 values from 0.0003 mg/mL - 0.0005mg/mL for all the bacteria tested. Both extracts were bactericidal with minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranges from 2.5mg/mL - 20mg/mL. From the results, it can be concluded that both plants possess compounds with antimicrobial properties, thus validating scientifically their use in traditional medicine. However, more studies to document the respective plant-principles responsible for antimicrobial activity of these plants would shed more light on their functional properties.
From GWAS to transcriptomics in prospective cancer design - new statistical challenges

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Background. With the increasing interest in post-GWAS research which represents a transition from genome-wide association discovery to analysis of functional mechanisms, attention has been lately focused on the potential of including various biological material in epidemiological studies. In particular, exploration of the carcinogenic process through transcriptional analysis at the epidemiological level opens up new horizons in functional analysis and causal inference, and requires a new design together with adequate analysis procedures. Results. In this article, we present the post-genome design implemented in the NOWAC cohort as an example of a prospective nested case-control study built for transcriptomics use, and discuss analytical strategies to explore the changes occurring in transcriptomics during the carcinogenic process in association with questionnaire information. We emphasize the inadequacy of survival analysis models usually considered in GWAS for post-genome design, and propose instead to parameterize the gene trajectories during the carcinogenic process. Conclusions. This novel approach, in which transcriptomics are considered as potential intermediate biomarkers of cancer and exposures, offers a flexible framework which can include various biological assumptions.
2.5 Million Annual Deaths—Are Neonates in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Too Small to Be Seen? A Bottom-Up Overview on Neonatal Morbi-Mortality

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

(1) Background: Every year, 2.5 million neonates die, mostly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), in total disregard of their fundamental human rights. Many of these deaths are preventable. For decades, the leading causes of neonatal mortality (prematurity, perinatal hypoxia, and infection) have been known, so why does neonatal mortality fail to diminish effectively? A bottom-up understanding of neonatal morbi-mortality and neonatal rights is essential to achieve adequate progress, and so is increased visibility. (2) Methods: We performed an overview on the leading causes of neonatal morbi-mortality and analyzed the key interventions to reduce it with a bottom-up approach: from the clinician in the field to the policy maker. (3) Results and Conclusions: Overall, more than half of neonatal deaths in LMIC are avoidable through established and well-known cost-effective interventions, good quality antenatal and intrapartum care, neonatal resuscitation, thermal care, nasal CPAP, infection control and prevention, and antibiotic stewardship. Implementing these requires education and training, particularly at the bottom of the healthcare pyramid, and advocacy at the highest levels of government for health policies supporting better newborn care. Moreover, to plan and follow interventions, better-quality data are paramount. For healthcare developments and improvement, neonates must be acknowledged as humans entitled to rights and freedoms, as stipulated by international law. Most importantly, they deserve more respectful care.
Relations between ejection fraction andventricular volume, andtheir alteration bychronic beta-blockade

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY Thisstudy describes thenewly discovered relation between ejection fraction andendsystolic volume index (ESVI) oftheleft ventricle asobtained byangiography atthetimeofcardiac catheterisation. Linear regression analysis shows that ejection fraction (%)=82 0-062ESVI(ml/m2) butthecorrelation forpatients receiving beta-adrenergic blocking drugs issignificantly lower compared withtheuntreated group.Non-linear analysis, applied tocoveralso theasymptotic range forejection fraction <20%,shows similar results. Thegoodrelation between the twoindices indicates that theindex ejection fraction may derive its clinical importance directly fromthe morefundamental index end-systolic volume index byvirtue ofthe operationofthebeta-adrenergic system ontheheart. Generally, ejection fraction hasbeen accepted clinically asauseful index toassess ventricular performance. ITo date, nobasis other thanempirical observations has beenprovided onwhich theimportance2 ofejection fraction isfounded. Moreover, someinvestigators have questioned seriously therelevance ofejection fraction asaunique discriminator ofventricular performance.34 End-diastolic volume index (EDVI) hasbeen regarded asaprimary determinant ofventricular function, mainly inconjunction with theFrank-Starling lawof theheart. Several studies have shown amoreorless hyperbolic relation between ejection fraction andenddiastolic volume index.5-7 Recently, however, considerable attention hasbeengiven tosystolic events during thecardiac cycle, andparticularly totheendsystolic volume index89 andrelated quantities suchas systolic elastance. 10-12 Since end-systolic volume isthe volume towhich theheart isable tocontract under given conditions ofpreload andafterload this index is just asfundamental asend-diastolic volume tojudge cardiac performance. Consequently, itseems logical to investigate therelation between thetwosystolic indices, ejection fraction andend-systolic volume index (ESVI). Thepresent study documents aremarkable relation between theempirical index ejection fraction andthefunctional variable end-systolic volume index inalarge group ofpatients. Inaddition, theeffect of adrenergic blockade onthis relation isstudied byway ofanalysis ofaseparate group ofpatients under chronic treatment with beta-blockade.