jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Technical and economic feasibility of improved postharvest management practices in enhancing the eggplant value chain of Bangladesh

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A study was carried out to evaluate the suitability and effectiveness of improved postharvest management practices (IPMP) in enhancing the eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) value chain of Bangladesh. In IPMP, sorting, grading and washing of eggplants were done, and packed them in plastic crates with or without modified atmosphere packaging (MAP). Traditional postharvest management practices (TPMP) existed in the value chain was used as control treatment. IPMP including the use of plastic crate with MAP reduced weight losses by 26.7 and 38.0% at wholesale and 2-days display at retail outlets. The total postharvest loss of eggplant handled with TPMP including packed in jute sack was 40.0%, whereas it was only 4.5% when followed IPMP. The reduction of postharvest losses of eggplants handled with IPMP amounted to 88.7%, and 100.0% fruit could be sold at retail outlets. The additional weekly gross income of a small trader by selling 1000 kg eggplant handled with IPMP comprising the plastic crates with MA packaging would be BDT 17,190 (USD 207). Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 9(2): 35-41, December 2019
Sentiment-Topic Dynamics on COVID-19 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder using Online Published Researches

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This paper will analyze the COVID-19 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PSTD) researches retrieved from PubMed and other online sources to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health leading to PSTD. The Sentiment Classifier and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) were used to detect the topic relevant to post-traumatic stress disorder. The finding revealed a negative sentiment while the use of Latent Dirichlet Allocation determined the critical issue “COVID”. The results suggest further study of the stress and other traumatic experiences bought by the COVID.
Systematic review of the uptake and design of action research in published nursing research, 2000-2005

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Action research (AR) is promoted for health care development. A systematic review was undertaken to gain insight into the uptake and designs of practice-based AR. Empirical research papers from 2000 to 2005 were extracted from CINAHL, MEDLINE and British Nursing Index, and two specialist AR journals. The initial search identified 335 papers: 38% were AR (20% were phenomenology; 32% ethnography; 10% randomised-controlled trials). Further filtering produced 62 AR papers for detailed analysis. Eighty-seven per cent of AR studies involved 'organisational/professional development', or 'educational' settings; only 13% were directly 'clinical'. Practitioners were the main participants in 90% of studies. Seventy-two per cent of all participant groups were rated 'active' in the research process, yet 70% of first (lead) authors were from an academic institution. Patients/carers were generally passive in the research process and absent from the authorship. Ninety per cent of studies used two or more methods, predominantly qualitative. Forty-four per cent of articles identified external funding sources, relatively high for nursing research. Participatory AR has a strong identity in practice-based research, with a diversity of methods. The focus reflects that of nursing research generally. A high level of participation by practitioners is evident but with little equity in authorship. Service user/carer involvement should be given more prominence by researchers.
Usage of formalized knowledge about source code for refactoring actions in Swift

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The object of research in the paper is the source code of a software product written in the Swift programming language. Most programs as a product of a certain project during the life cycle require changes and modifications, which is costly or impossible to implement in the case of poor code quality. One of the options for solving the problem of poor code quality is the timely application of refactoring principles. The existing problem is that implementation of high-level refactoring must be done manually by the developer without the use of automated tools as built-in solutions cannot fulfill the need due to the architectural complexity of the product. To reduce the number of errors made during refactoring, to simplify the process of performing routine actions, it is suggested to use a new software product for refactoring. It works with high-level user commands based on a formalized description of the source code together with a knowledge base containing a description of code entities and their properties (what specific actions can be performed with them). In the work, the refactoring of the source code was carried out using the example of the Swift programming language. The proposed approach of component architecture (knowledge base, software engine) further allows to expand the functionality of the software product to other programming languages. The work was directed to the development of a prototype of a software product using the proposed approach to check and compare the results with other refactoring tools. A command line utility has been developed that accepts a verbal command as an input and outputs the results of processing and analysis of the source code (search for complex structures in the code) or applies the proposed change. As a result of the conducted testing, it was established that the use of the proposed approach allows performing complex refactoring tasks with the help of a simple verbal formalized command. Accomplishing the same task using only the built-in refactoring tools requires significantly more time and effort or is impossible at all.
The Effect of a Current Home Bleaching Agent on the Color of Nine Tooth-Colored Restorative Materials Stained with Common Beverages: An In Vitro Study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Bleaching to whiten discolored teeth may affect the color of existing stained restorations. The purpose of this study was to determine the color changes that occurred in nine already stained restorative materials by common beverages after being subjected to a simulated home bleaching. Three glass ionomers (ceramic-reinforced, resin-modified, and conventional) and six composite resins (nanofilled, organically modified ceramic (ormocer), flowable ormocer, polyacid-modified, microhybrid, and flowable microhybrid) were used for this study. Disc-shaped specimens that were stained by coffee, tea or cola beverages were immersed in Opalescence home bleaching agent for 8 hours for 30 consecutive days. A spectrophotometer was used to determine the baseline CIE values (L0, a0, b0) of the stained specimens before bleaching and CIE values (L1, a1, b1) of the stained specimens after bleaching. Statistical analysis was conducted using paired samples T-test for comparing each two test groups at a P value of <.05. Results: The color changed significantly for all stained restorative materials tested after the application of home bleaching with some specimens showing spots of precipitated stain mainly glass ionomer specimens stained with coffee. Glass ionomers showed the highest color change followed by compomer, nanofilled and micro hybrid composites. Ormocers showed the least color change among all the materials tested. Tea stain was the most susceptible to the effect of bleaching in most restorative materials tested. Conclusion: Although home bleaching results in a lighter color change of stained restorations, remaining unesthetic stain precipitation spots may necessitate replacement of these restorations.
Association study of MIF promoter polymorphisms with suicide completers in the Japanese population

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Naofumi Shimmyo,1 Akitoyo Hishimoto,1 Ikuo Otsuka,1 Satoshi Okazaki,1 Shuken Boku,1 Kentaro Mouri,1 Tadasu Horai,1 Motonori Takahashi,2 Yasuhiro Ueno,2 Osamu Shirakawa,3 Ichiro Sora1 1Department of Psychiatry, 2Division of Legal Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Social Health Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 3Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Background: Numerous studies suggest that inflammation plays a key role in suicidal behavior. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a proinflammatory cytokine, has received increasing attention in depression research. However, no study has investigated whether MIF has genetic involvement in completed suicide. In this study, we sought to explore the relationship between two functional polymorphisms on the MIF gene promoter (MIF-794CATT5–8 microsatellite and MIF-173G/C single-nucleotide polymorphism [SNP]) and completed suicide by using one of the largest samples of suicide completers ever reported.Methods: The subjects comprised 602 suicide completers and 728 healthy controls. We genotyped MIF-794CATT5–8 microsatellite by polymerase chain reaction–based size discrimination assay and MIF-173G/C SNP by TaqMan® SNP genotyping assay. The allele-, genotype-, or haplotype-based association analyses between the suicide completers and the controls were carried out with the χ2 test, the Cochran–Armitage trend test, or Fisher’s exact test.Results: Analyses of allele or genotype frequency distributions of the polymorphisms studied here did not reveal any significant differences between the suicide completers and the controls. Haplotype analysis also revealed no association with completed suicide.Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study that has examined the genetic association between MIF and completed suicide. Our results suggest that the effects of MIF-794CATT5–8 microsatellite and MIF-173G/C SNP on the MIF gene promoter might not contribute to the genetic risk of completed suicide in the Japanese population. Keywords: MIF, suicide, microsatellite, SNP, haplotype, promoter region
A 2-D molecular dynamics simulation of the effects of coulombic versus multipolar intermolecular potential for a fluid

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to compare the effects of the discrete charge versus the multipolar model on the static and dynamical properties of a fluid whose molecules possess a permanent distribution of charges. For this goal simulation by ‘molecular dynamics’ is employed. A two-dimensional system is adopted in order to minimize possible errors due to the periodic boundary conditions. A steric (Lennard-Jones triatomic) potential is added to the electric ones. The present computations relate to the dipole versus two-discrete-charges comparison; the density lies in the intermediate range and two temperatures are studied. One observes substantial differences at low temperature between the two models. These differences disappear when the temperature is increased. Important differences between the combined steric and electric and the steric potential alone are also observed.
PURIFICATION OF NEUTRAL PROTEINASE VIA ION EXCHANGE RESIN

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A procedure for purification of neutral proteinase from crude enzyme of Bact7lus subtz7is is reported. The crude enzyme was extracted with Tris. HCl buffer and then purified by ion exchange chromatography with Chengguang CGB-685 resin and followcd by ethanol precipitation. The final product had an activity of 6.7x105 U/g, with a recovery of 49-6%.
Materials Data on Ba3TmRu2O9 by Materials Project

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Ba3TmRu2O9 is (Cubic) Perovskite-derived structured and crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mmc space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Ba2+ sites. In the first Ba2+ site, Ba2+ is bonded to twelve O2- atoms to form BaO12 cuboctahedra that share corners with nine BaO12 cuboctahedra, corners with three equivalent RuO6 octahedra, faces with seven BaO12 cuboctahedra, faces with three equivalent TmO6 octahedra, and faces with four equivalent RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 13°. There are a spread of Ba–O bond distances ranging from 2.92–3.08 Å. In the second Ba2+ site, Ba2+ is bonded to twelve O2- atoms to form BaO12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve BaO12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent BaO12 cuboctahedra, faces with two equivalent TmO6 octahedra, and faces with six equivalent RuO6 octahedra. All Ba–O bond lengths are 2.97 Å. Tm3+ is bonded to six equivalent O2- atoms to form TmO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent RuO6 octahedra and faces with eight BaO12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 1°. All Tm–O bond lengths are 2.20 Å. Ru+4.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form RuO6 octahedra that share corners with three equivalent BaO12 cuboctahedra, corners with three equivalent TmO6 octahedra, faces with seven BaO12 cuboctahedra, and a faceface with one RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 1°. There are three shorter (1.97 Å) and three longer (2.04 Å) Ru–O bond lengths. There are two inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four Ba2+ and two equivalent Ru+4.50+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to four Ba2+, one Tm3+, and one Ru+4.50+ atom.
Cascade dearomative [4 + 2] cycloaddition of indoles with in situ generated ortho-quinone methides: practical access to divergent indoline-fused polycycles

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A rationally designed cascade dearomative [4 + 2] cycloaddition of indoles with in situ generated o -QM has been developed to assemble indoline-fused polycycles divergently with high yields and excellent diastereoselectivity in one step.
How to Embrace Antiracism as a US Plastic Surgeon: Definitions, Principles, and Practice

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Summary: The United States’s overdue awakening on systemic and structural racism has triggered global dialogue regarding racial inequities. Historically, discrimination and practitioner bias have resulted in poorer health and health outcomes in minority communities. To address racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare, it is imperative that plastic surgeons, trainees, and staff understand definitions to create a socially conscious environment in the workplace. We explore various measures that can be implemented to develop antiracist practices in the field of plastic surgery and ultimately to provide a foundation to improve diversity within our discipline and beyond.
Russian housing delegation, 1955

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

16 images. Russian housing delegation, 18 October 1955. Bert Given (Executive Vice President of Given Manufacturing Company); I.K. Kozuilia; Vladimir Pojidaeff; Marie Garcia; Elizabeth Hare; Henry Snyder; Walter W. Keusder; N.P. Lysenko; A.F. Dubrovin; Alfred Arebalo.; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Mack. Date: 1955-10-18. Reporter: Dunn; Assignment: Russian housing delegation. 27-28: (l to r) A.F. Dubrovin; N.P. Lysenko; I.K. Kozuilia; Vladimir Pojidaeff, and Henry Snyder, president of Sani-Top, Inc. 50-51: (l to r) I.K. Kozuilia, Vladimir Pojidaeff; N.P. Lysenko; Henry Snyder. 26: (l to r) Bert Given, exec vp of Given Mfg Co., I.K. Kozuilia and Vladimir Pojidaeff. 19: Members of Russian group at assembly line in Given Company, which makes waste disposers. 81: Members of Russian group watch demonstration of waste disposers. 6: Marie Garcia, employee, hands part to I.K. Kozuilia. 80: Elizabeth Hare, empolyee, and members of Russian group. 21: (l to r) Henry Snyder; Vladimir Pojidaeff; I.K. Kozuilia; Walter W. Keusder; N.P. Lysenko; A.F. Dubrovin; and Alfred Arebalo working on formica top. 17-18: Russian delegation and local construction officials at a press machine at Soule Steel plant. 40-41: Members of Russian group at cleaning machine in steel plant. 18-27: Members of Russian group at steel casements work. 5: Gen. view in Given Company".
MULTIPLE-FORMAT SESSIONS FOR TEACHING ENDOCRINE PHYSIOLOGY

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The University of Kentucky medical curriculum was revised in 1994 to implement a more interactive approach. The Endocrine Physiology section of the new physiology course, Human Function, was modified from its former daily lecture and weekly laboratory format to eight daily 3½-h sessions. Each session is composed of four components: a didactic lecture, a whole class discussion session, a quiz, and a patient presentation. These components are presented in a staggered format over the course of 2 days, i.e., the lecture is presented on the first day, and the remaining three components take place on the second day. This allows students to assimilate the new lecture material before participating in the discussion session, quiz, and patient presentation, which are more interactive. This format has been received favorably by the students because of its variety, and it is easier to keep up with the material.
PM_026007_E_Dorve

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

File Name: PM_026007_E_Dorve.jpg Sublocation: Dorve Location: La Guingueta d'Àneu Province: Catalunya, Lleida Country: Spain Header: Una vista al carrer; Description: Dorve A street view Keywords: Architecture, Catalunya, Cultural heritage, Dorve (Sant Guingueta d'Àneu), Europe, La Guingueta d'Àneu, Lleida, Monuments, My photography, Romanesque, Romanesque Catalonia, Ruins, Rural site, Spain, Styles Author: Photo: Paul M.R. Maeyaert Copyright: Paul M.R. Maeyaert
Analysis of regeneration mechanisms in auto ransplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Search for effective and available methods of stimulation of regenerative processes is a priority task of restorative medicine. Of high interest is a kind of biostimulation that induces activation of metabolic and reparative processes in the whole organism. Aim. Generalization of the relevant literature data concerning possible mechanisms of biostimulation in transplantation of self tissues of an organism. The results of literature survey showed that there still remain many debatable questions concerning cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie intermolecular interactions in the stage of regeneration. Stimulating effects of an autotransplant both in the zone of the transplant or in an organism in whole may be caused by mediators and signal molecules released in destruction of the autotransplant tissues and of its perifocal region, and also by bioactive substances produced by immune-competent and stem cells. Conclusion. Tissue transplants may be used as inductors of production of biologically active substances and activators of immune and/or stromal cells. The latter, in turn, are producers of a number of chemical mediators required for large-scale regeneration. Therefore, a promising method of stimulation of regenerative processes is transplantation of self tissue. This method is characterized by simplicity, effectiveness and availability which evokes special interest and requires further study.
Spores in Dockage and Mill Fractions of Wheat Treated with Bacillus thuringiensis1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Dockage fractions of wheat treated with Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner contained more spores than whole wheat, but 75–85% of the spores remained on the wheat after cleaning. Tempering of the wheat prior to milling reduced viable spore counts by half. More spores were present on the outside layers of the wheat kernels than on the flour. Flour contained 1–5% of the initial number of spores, and bread baked from it contained few or no viable spores. The B. thuringiensis content of the flour was too low to cause appreciable mortality among 3rd or later instars of the lndianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner), or the almond moth, Ephestia cautella (Walker), except when flour was produced from unblended treated wheat. Flour absorptions, bake mixing times, mixogram mixing times, other physical properties of the dough, and bread loaf volumes of flour from treated wheat were essentially the same as those for the controls. Thus, the B. thuringiensis treatments had no effect on the baking qualities of flour from treated wheat.
141 Sickle cell disease and physical activity: Is it safe?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Primary Subject area Hematology and Oncology - Paediatric Background Though physical activity (PA) is beneficial for healthy individuals and for those with chronic disease, its impact on sickle cell disease (SCD) children remains poorly studied. Moreover, patients may refrain from PA given a perceived fear of SCD complications. Objectives 1) Evaluate whether SCD children engage differently in PA compared to their peers. 2) Evaluate the cardiopulmonary impact of PA in a group of SCD patients. Design/Methods Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, SCD patients aged 8-17 years old consented to answer a PA questionnaire (PAQ) and have their school peers answer the same PAQ. PAQ, a well-described surrogate marker of PA, is a standardized questionnaire evaluating PA during the last 7 days. Patients and their peers were approached only during the school year. A set of HbSS patients were invited to participate in a supervised exercise test including pre- and post-effort PFT, echocardiography, EKG, measurement of troponins and NT-proBNP and a methacholine challenge to evaluate exercise-induced bronchial hyperreactivity. T-test was used as statistical analysis, using SPSS V24. The study received IRB approval. Results Questionnaires from 25 SCD children (13 SS and 12 SC) were compared with 36 matched-school peers. SCD patients were overall less active (p=0.04). While their level of activity was similar at school, SCD patients were overall less active after school (p=0.028), in the evening (p=0.008) and weekends (p=0.049). While the difference was significant for both SS and SC patients, SS were less active than SC, although this difference was statistically not significant. Five HbSS patients on HU were subjected to an exercise test. There were no statistical differences in the pre- and post-PA evaluations including measurements of troponin, NT-proBNP and functional testing. None of them had exercise-induced hyperreactivity. Conclusion Overall, SCD patients are less active than their peers, mostly outside of school. The absence of cardiopulmonary modifications during PA is reassuring, although our study was limited to 5 HbSS patients on HU. Whether HU has a protective role cannot be excluded. Our results encourage us to further evaluate PA interventions outside of school in SCD patients. Interventional studies evaluating the risk-benefit ratio of PA in SCD children are further needed.