jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Saturated fatty acids activate the inflammatory signalling pathway in Schwann cells: Implication in sciatic nerve injury

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Sciatic nerve injury affects quality of life. Many immune cells and inflammatory cytokines have been reported to be involved in sciatic nerve injury, but little is known about the ligands and receptors that trigger inflammatory responses. By using a modified sciatic nerve clamp injury method, we found that the recruitment of Schwann cells and the inflammatory response were enhanced after sciatic nerve injury. Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), one of the major members of the TLR family, is highly expressed in Schwann cells. Under certain conditions, myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2) binds to TLR4 on the membrane and plays important roles in the inflammatory response. The reductions in the recruitment of Schwann cells and the inflammatory response induced by the blockade of TLR4 or MD2 suggest that TLR4 and MD2 are involved in sciatic nerve injury. What are the endogenous signals that activate the inflammatory response? A large number of free saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are released from Schwann cells, adipocytes and the blood after sciatic nerve injury. Liang et al reported that Schwann cells can be stimulated by palmitic acid (PA). Here, we found that the expression and secretion of TNF‐α and IL‐6 were enhanced by PA treatment. Moreover, PA activated TLR4 signalling pathway‐related proteins and stimulated a strong association between TLR4 and MD2. Blocking TLR4 or MD2 reversed the PA‐induced inflammatory response and TLR4 downstream signalling pathway. Thus, we speculated that SFAs act as endogenous ligands that activate TLR4/MD2, thus triggering Schwann cell inflammation during sciatic nerve injury.
Citizen Science & Environmental Education for Sustainability-Online training course: Module 3 -The European Cos4Cloud project: approaching the challenge of Open Science from a Citizen Science perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The third module of the Training Course presents the European Cos4Cloud project within the context of which this training course is implemented. Specifically, an analysis is made of the concept of ‘’Open Science’’ as a philosophy and vehicle for democratizing and streamlining scientific research, focusing also on the place and role of Citizen Science (CS) in this effort. The European Cos4Cloud project is presented in relation to how it attempts to respond to the challenge of Open Science. The project’s vision is described, its objectives and main lines of action are listed and the importance of integrating the various Citizens Observatories and developing new relevant CS services in the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) is highlighted. The project is also portrayed in relation to the partners and Citizen Observatories participating in its implementation and a brief presentation is made of the special role played in it by the Environmental Education Lab (EEL, NKUA). All the above are approached in Module 3 as answers to the following questions: What is the concept of ‘’Open Science’’? What is the relationship of Citizen Science with Open Science? What are the vision, objectives and lines of action of the European Cos4Cloud project? Who are the contributors of the Cos4Cloud project? Which Citizens Observatories are participating in the Cos4Cloud project? What are the fields of action and initiatives promoted by the Environmental Education Lab (NKUA) through the Cos4Cloud project?
Geographic Analysis of Domestic Violence Incident Locations and Neighborhood Level Influences

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Domestic violence is an important public health issue, and there is limited research to date that examines community-level influences on this serious form of violence. This article investigates the neighborhood characteristics of domestic violence incidents in the city of Greensboro, North Carolina. US Census block group boundaries and corresponding tables were used as proxies for neighborhoods. The article addresses an important gap in domestic violence research by combining geographic and statistical analyses at the block group level. Geographic data were analyzed using an Optimized Hot Spot Analysis (OHA) along with features selected by penalized Poisson regression model. The OHA was used to identify spatial clusters of high and low values while the penalized Poisson regression model was used to select the important variables from over 7000 candidates. The results of high-dimensional analysis produced six categories and 20 variables that were used to examine the characteristics of spatial clusters.
Study of cosurfactant effect on nanoemulsifying area and development of lercanidipine loaded (SNEDDS) self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system B Biointerfaces

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The present study deals with the development and characterization of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) to improve the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble third generation calcium channel blocker lercanidipine (LER). Solubility of the LER was estimated in various oils, cosurfactants and surfactants which were grouped into two different combinations to construct pseudoternary phase diagrams. Various thermodynamic stability and dispersibility tests were performed on the formulations from phase diagram. After constructing phase diagram of two different combinations NL-I and NL-II, the effect of cosurfactants on the nanoemulsifying area was studied and the effect of number and length of hydrophobic alkyl chains of cosurfactant in its emulsification capacity was proved. Percentage transmittance, emulsification time, viscosity and droplet size analysis were used to characterize optimized formulations. The optimized formulation composed of Cremophor EL (45% wt/wt), (13.5% wt/wt) Caproyl 90 with (1.5% wt/wt) Transcutol® HP as per limits of inactive ingredients guidelines of FDA and Maisine oil (10% wt/wt). The mean droplet size in selected nanocarrier system was 20.01nm. The in vitro dissolution profile of LER SNEDDS was found significant in comparison to the marketed LER (Zanidip) tablet and pure drug in pH 1.2, 4.5 and 6.8 buffers. Empty hard gelatin capsule shells were filled using Pfizer's Licap technology and charged on stability conditions of 30°C/65% RH, 40°C/65%RH and 50°C/75% in glass bottles where no significant degradation (p>0.05) was observed in 3 months. The results indicate that SNEDDS of LER, owing to nanosized, has potential to enhance the absorption of drug.
The Seminal Vesicles and Testes of Gillichthys, a Marine Teleost

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

GLANDULAR structures accessory to the testes of some fish have received scant attention. So-called seminal vesicles were noted as early as 1824 by Rathke in Gobius niger. The double seminal vesicles of Mullus barbatus, Gobius jozzo, G. minutus, G. panganellus and the single vesicle of Cobitis fossilis were briefly described by Hyrtl (1850). An excellent study of the sexual organs of several species of gobies and blennies was made by Eggert (1931). He reported in detail the structure and histology of the seminal vesicle of Periophthalmus chrysospilos. In Esox lucius, Disselhorst (1904) recognized similar structures, but only in large males during spawning time. Gilbert (1943) gave an account of the seminal vesicles of Chlamydoselachus. The male mudsucker, Gillichthys mirabilis, has well developed accessory sex organs. Although this fish is common in the bays and estuaries along the Pacific coast of the United States, the testes and vesicles have not been previously described. This report also includes observations on the seasonal changes in the testes and vesicles, the possible function of the vesicular fluid, and the response of the vesicles to testosterone.
180-Bus Medium Voltage Distribution Network Data

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The data describes a realistic medium-voltage distribution network with 180 buses, 90 loads (6799 consumers), 5 EV parking lots, 2 Energy Storage Systems, 42 Wind Farms, 33 PV parks, 3 biomasses, and 1 substation supplied by a transformer with 1 MVA and 30 kV. The network characteristics, such as cable resistances, reactances, and thermal limits, are available. Demand, EV demand, and PV/Wind generation profiles are presented for 64 scenarios.
The expression of Ang-1, Ang-2 and the Tie-2 receptor in colorectal cancer tissue and its significance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To study the expression of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) and the angiopoietin receptor (Tie-2) in colorectal cancer tissue, and analyze the correlation between their expression levels in colorectal cancer tissue and the histological differentiation of colorectal cancer; and to discuss their roles in the progression of colorectal cancer to provide new targets for the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer. Methods: The immunohistochemical S-P and RT-PCR methods were used to detect the expression of Ang-1, Ang-2 and Tie-2 proteins and mRNA in the colorectal cancer tissue. Results: The expression of Ang-1, Ang-2 and Tie-2 in the cancer tissues with poor, moderate and high histological differentiation indicated that the lower the tumor differentiation, the higher the expression of protein and RNA (P<;0.05). Conclusion: The expression levels of Ang-1, Ang-2 and Tie-2 are positively correlated with the progression of colorectal cancer.
Effects of boundary on momentum distribution of quarks in a quark-gluon plasma

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The boundary of a quark-gluon plasma affects the momentum distribution of quarks and consequently the magnitudes of signals for the search of the quark-gluon plasma.Received 9 September 1992DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.48.902©1993 American Physical Society
Transfer of proteins across membranes. I. Presence of proteolytically processed and unprocessed nascent immunoglobulin light chains on membrane-bound ribosomes of murine myeloma.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Fractionation of MOPC 41 DL-1 tumors revealed that the mRNA for the light chain of immunoglobulin is localized exclusively in membrane-bound ribosomes. It was shown that the translation product of isolated light chain mRNA in a heterologous protein-synthesizing system in vitro is larger than the authentic secreted light chain; this confirms similar results from several laboratories. The synthesis in vitro of a precursor protein of the light chain is not an artifact of translation in a heterologous system, because it was shown that detached polysomes, isolated from detergent-treated rough microsomes, not only contain nascent light chains which have already been proteolytically processed in vivo but also contain unprocessed nascent light chains. In vitro completion of these nascent light chains thus resulted in the synthesis of some chains having the same mol wt as the authentic secreted light chains, because of completion of in vivo proteolytically processed chains and of other chains which, due to the completion of unprocessed chains, have the same mol wt as the precursor of the light chain. In contrast, completion of the nascent light chains contained in rough microsomes resulted in the synthesis of only processed light chains. Taken together, these results indicate that the processing activity is present in isolated rough microsomes, that it is localized in the membrane moiety of rough microsomes, and, therefore, that it was most likely solubilized during detergent treatment used for the isolation of detached polysomes. Furthermore, these results established that processing in vivo takes place before completion of the nascent chain. The data also indicate that in vitro processing of nascent chains by rough microsomes is dependent on ribosome binding to the membrane. If the latter process is interfered with by aurintricarboxylic acid, rough microsomes also synthesize some unprocessed chains. The data presented in this paper have been interpreted in the light of a recently proposed hypothesis. This hypothesis, referred to as the signal hypothesis, is described in greater detail in the Discussion section.
A GENERALIZED ELASTIC THEORY OF FRACTURE

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract : A theory of fracture is proposed for brittle and near brittle fracture. The theory includes the Griffith-Irwin theory as a special case. Developed for opening mode loading in plane geometry, the theory is based on a solution for a slit in an infinite elastic plate with an arbitrary relative displacement along the slit. Particular relative displacement functions are chosen and studied in detailed by calculating the mean stress, maximum shear stress, maximum tensile stress, and energy density fields as well as the tractions applied on the slit. The particular solutions chosen for examination all exhibit singularities in the stress fields at the slit end, with behavior ranging from the classical stress-free slit elastic solution to the logarithmic solutions of Ju. A stress intensity factor is proposed based on the solutions that generate fractional power singularities. This stress intensity factor is a generalization of the Irwin-Griffith factor. (Author)
Dinamika Ovarium Selama Siklus Estrus pada Domba Garut (OVARIAN DYNAMIC DURING THE ESTROUS CYCLE IN GARUT EWES)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ovarian dynamics in the garut ewes had never been studied continuously by using ultrasonography.The aim of this study was to observe development of the follicles and corpus luteums in the estrous cyclein the garut ewes. Garut ewes (n=6) with body weight 30.00±4.05 kg which had normal estrous cycle wereused in this study. All ewes were synchronized by using CIDR-G implantation for 14 days. Ovulation of thedominant follicle, development of the follicle waves and corpus luteum were observed continuously everyday during the estrous cycle after CIDR-G removal. The number of small (2-3 mm in diameter), medium (4-5 mm in diameter) and large (>5 mm in diameter) follicles were aligned during the estrous cycle. Follicleand corpus luteum diameters were measured by using built in caliper in the ultrasound. The resultsshowed 1) the average length of estrous cycle was 19,2±0,8 days; 2) ovarian follicle growth occurred inthree waves during the estrous cycle; 3) the number of preovulatory follicles were 1-2 follicles; 4) theaverage maximum diameters of preovulatory follicle was 7.5±0.5 mm; 5) the average maximum diametersof corpus luteum was 7.3±0.4 mm. In conclusion, the estrous cycle in garut ewes was 18-20 days with 3follicular waves.
The influence of spatio-temporal frequency sensitivity on perceptual filling-in induction process

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Perceptual filling-in is a famous visual illusion. We have proposed a hypothesis of filling-in process to address the phenomenon when a small homogeneous area (filling-in target), which is surrounded by spatio-temporal frequency limited random-dot dynamic textures, is presented to an observer's peripheral vision. In the hypothesis, filling-in target visibility is represented by perceptual power. As the target surrounding texture starts to move, beyond a brief transient, perceptual power decreases from initial value according to the motion of the surrounding texture. As perceptual power falls to a certain level, the small area is filled with the surrounding dynamic texture and is perceived to disappear. In this study, the time course of perceptual power is estimated. First, we estimated visual sensitivity for spatio-temporal frequency in peripheral vision by an experiment. Second, the time to filling-in was measured for various spatio-temporal frequency of the surrounding texture. These results were applied to the hypothesis of filling-in process. As the results, we inferred that perceptual power decreases with spatio-temporal sensitivity of vision.
Evaluation of Technology-Based Sustainable Practices in Logistics Service Providers by Content Analysis and SWARA Method

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of sustainability-related activities of Fourth Party Logistics (4PL) service providers and their technologically based solutions. Methodology: It aims to evaluate alternative approaches and measure the relative importance of the technology solutions preferred by 4PL service providers within the context of sustainability efforts, first by content analysis and then by using SWARA method, in order to assess the technologically based solutions and sustainability potentials of 4PL service providers. Findings: The information on the websites was therefore assembled in light of the data obtained, and a situation assessment was made. In the context of this study, it has been found that "Data-Driven Decision Making" possesses the highest level of significance among technology-based sustainable practices. “Vehicle Tracking Systems Technology”, on the other hand, has been ranked as having the least amount of significance. Originality: This research evaluates digital sustainable activities on 4PL enterprises, in contrast to earlier studies. We can therefore learn more about how contemporary technology and sustainable practices converge in the logistics sector by examining the effects of digital sustainable activities on 4PL enterprises.
Kirkjubømúrurin: T023

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Sligin fitisteinur úr Kirkjubømúrinum, partur av steinasavninum hjá Tjóðsavninum, Møguliga partur av halgigripagoymsla. English: Carved soapstone from Kirkjubømúrinum (The Saint Magnus Cathedral), in storage at Tjóðsavnið. Possibly part of a reliquary. Dimension: 25 x 42 x17 cm. Created by Petur Hansen, using Artec space spider scanner and Artec Studio 15. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Abstract 11204: Intraoperative Vital Parameters Improve the Accuracy of Machine Learning Based Prediction Model for Perioperative Stroke in Patients With Non Cardiac Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Perioperative stroke is one of the most devastating events after surgery. To prevent perioperative stroke and stratify the patients at risk, several prediction models or scores based on the preoperative factors were suggested. However, there had been never reported a prediction model using intraoperative physiologic parameters. Aim: We aimed to develop a prediction model for perioperative stroke by analyzing pre- and intraoperative factors using machine learning techniques. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent non-cardiac surgery between 2016 and 2019 at Seoul National University Hospital. Perioperative stroke was defined as a newly developed ischemic lesion at diffusion weighted imaging within 30 days after surgery. Preoperative factors were age, risk factors and laboratory data. Intraoperative variables were blood pressure, heart rate, saturation monitoring value, total amount of fluid and urine volume during surgery. We developed a random forest based prediction model composed of pre- and intraoperative factors and compared with a model consisting of only preoperative features. We validated the model in an external cohort of patients at another hospital between 2020 and 2021. Results: A total of 15752 patients were included in the development cohort, and 109 patients had perioperative stroke. In external validation cohorts, stroke occurred in 11 of 449 patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUC) for integrated models using pre- and intraoperative parameters was significantly higher than that of model using only preoperative factors, as shown in figure(0.822, 95% confidence interval, 0.760-0.883, p <0.001). The AUC of integrated model in external validation cohorts showed the trend in line with that of development cohorts. Conclusions: We demonstrated that using both pre- and intraoperative features may improve the accuracy of prediction for perioperative stroke.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN DENTAL CARIES STATUS AND ORAL HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN ELDERLY PEOPLE IN BUDI LUHUR NURSING HOME BANTUL YOGYAKARTA

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

APDC merupakan kegiatan tiap tahun, yang kegiatan di dalamnya berupa konggres dan seminar, yang diikuti oleh negara-negara Asia Pasific.
Displaced Left Turn Informational Guide

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This document provides information and guidance on the Displaced Left Turn (DLT) intersection. To the extent possible, the guide addresses a variety of conditions found in the United States, to achieve designs suitable for a wide array of potential users. This guide provides general information, planning techniques, evaluation procedures for assessing safety and operational performance, design guidelines, and principles to be considered for selecting and designing DLT intersections.
Optimal stabilization for long-term storage of nucleic acid-based CRISPR/Cas12a assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In this long-term storage study, we optimized the lyophilization conditions of each reaction stage of a nucleic acid-based assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection. The stability testing demonstrated that the dried reactions from all 3 steps (cDNA synthesis, isothermal amplification and detection) can be kept at -20°C or 4°C for up to 6 or 3 months, respectively, whereas, if stored at 25°C or 37°C, the reagents only could be stored for a few days without quality loss. This suggests that we can have the dried reactions at -20°C for long-term storage until needed. Moreover, this assay is now simpler to perform as each of the 3 steps now proceeds with pre-mixed regents lyophilized in a single tube for each step.
Research Article Sources of Dietary Fiber and the Association of Fiber Intake with Childhood Obesity Risk (in 2–18 Year Olds) and Diabetes Risk of Adolescents 12–18 Year Olds: NHANES 2003–2006

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Copyright © 2012 Mary Brauchla et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Increased fiber intake has been linked with lower risk of overweight and obesity in adults, but data are sparse for children. To address this issue, NHANES 2003–2006 data was used to evaluate (1) the food sources of fiber in children, (2) the dietary fiber density levels and risk of being classified as overweight/obese, and (3) the association between fiber intake level and impaired glucose metabolism in children. Analyses were restricted to the subsample of children with biological plausible diet reports (N = 4, 667) and stratified by 2–11 year olds (n = 2072) and 12–18 year olds (n = 2595). Results showed that the food sources are predominantly foods that are low in dietary fiber, but are consumed at high levels. In 2–18 year old plausible reporters, the risk for overweight/obesity decreased by 17 % from children in the medium tertile of fiber density intake compared to the lowest tertile (OR = 0.83, P value = 0.043) and by 21 % between the highest compared to the lowest tertile (OR = 0.79, P value = 0.031). There was a protective effect of being in the medium tertile of dietary fiber density (OR = 0.68, P value &lt;0.001) on impaired glucose metabolism. These results indicate a beneficial effect of higher fiber density in children’s diets. 1.