jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Short communication: Potential causes of Acaricide Resistance in Rhipicephalus and Amblyomma Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in Namwala District, Zambia

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract Acaricide resistance in ticks poses a great threat to livestock production in many parts of the world where ticks are a problem. The objectives of this study were to screen for acaricide resistance in Rhipicephalus and Amblyomma ticks using phenotypic and molecular assays, and to assess current tick control practices used by cattle farmers in the traditional sector of Namwala District. The larval packet test was used to screen for acaricide resistance in ticks covering concentrations up to twice the discriminatory dose for amitraz, diazinon and cypermethrin. Genetic mutations associated with resistance to amitraz (A22C-T8P and T65C-L22S), and organophosphates/ pyrethroids (G1120A) were screened using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Information on tick control practices at the household level was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Intermediate resistance (21-50%) to amitraz and cypermethrin was detected in both Rhipicephalus and Amblyomma ticks, with both tick genera showing susceptibility to diazinon (<10%). None of the ticks in this study had the reported acaricide resistance-conferring molecular markers that were screened for. The findings suggest that the resistance detected in the studied tick population may be due to other mechanisms that are yet to be identified. Tick control practices observed amongst the farmers, such as incorrect use of acaricide concentrations and rotations could be fuelling the development of acaricide resistance. It is critical to comprehensively unravel the factors that could be contributing to acaricide treatment failure as this would allow for application of appropriate remedial actions for effective tick control in Zambia.
Efficacy of Very Low Dose Inhaled Corticosteroid And Reduction of Misuse of Antibiotics and Hospital Admission in Infants and Toddlers With Recurrent Wheezy Chest

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Wheeze in infants and toddlers are a common symptom and sign. Inhaled Corticosteroids are considered the most effective treatment available for long-term control of asthma or recurrent wheezing of children. The aim of the present study was to see the efficacy of very low dose inhaled Beclomethasone in reducing the misuse of antibiotics and hospital admission among the infants and toddlers with recurrent wheezing. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study done among 70 infants and toddlers of 4months to 3 years of age having a recurrent wheeze. Open -ended questionnaires were used. All patients were studied with Beclomethasone Dipropionate HFA inhaler 1puff (50 micrograms) twice daily and Salbutamol inhaler 1-2 puffs (Each puff contain 100 micrograms) 3 to 4 times daily when needed via small volume spacer with a mask. Sixty patients completed the study for total 3 months and were included in the analysis. Patients were followed up every 4 weeks interval and symptoms, use of antibiotics and need for hospital admission all were calculated. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20. Results: Among the 70 patients, persistent wheezing was present in 7.1% cases, recurrent cough was present in 21.4% cases and recurrent wheezing was present in 71.4% cases. 14.2% cases had a family history of asthma and 85.8% had no such family history. Among 60 patients those completed the study, day cough and day wheezing were reduced to 30(50%) and 5(8.3%) respectively following the first month of low dose ICS therapy. Day cough and day wheezing were reduced to 10(16.6%) and 1(1.6%) after 2 months and after 3 months these were reduced to 1(1.6%) and 0% respectively. Night cough and night wheeze were reduced to 40(66.6%) and 20(33.3%) respectively after the first month of ICS therapy. After 2nd month these were reduced to 15(25%) and 5(8.3%) and after 3rd month these were 2(3.3%) and 0% respectively. Antibiotics received before initiation of ICS therapy 100% (n=70) and after initiation of ICS therapy was 16.6% (n=60). Hospital admission rate before initiation of ICS therapy was 66.66% (n=70) and after ICS therapy was 8.33% (n=60). Both hospital admission and need of antibiotics were reduced after the initiation of low dose ICS therapy which was statistically significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: Our study has shown the improvement in symptoms and also decreases the use of antibiotics and reduces the frequency of hospitalization following treatment with low dose Inhaled Corticosteroid. JCMCTA 2017 ; 28 (1) : 8 - 12
Level of Micronutrients in Elite Sports: Impact on Muscle Damage, Infections, Sleep Disorders and Fatigue

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Muscle damage, recurrent and serious infections or exercise-induced fatigue especially to the end of the playing period in team sport or to the end of preparation for competition in endurance or single sport are the most common symptoms in elite sport demolishing optimal training results.Are micronutrient deficiencies responsible for these symptoms in elite sport. Methods:In 111 elite athletes [male: 50female: 61 / soccer: 21field hockey: 62 -Olympics: 19tennis: 5 -motorsports (DTM-Formula1): 4] blood vitamin D, coenzymeQ10, vitamin B1-B2-B6-B12 and folic acid as well as selenium, ferrum and magnesium intraerythrocytary were determined.In all elite athletes the symptoms muscle damage, infections, sleeping disorder and fatigue were correlated.A Spearman-ranking coefficient of correlation, a chi-quadrat-test by Pearson and an independent t-test were used. Results:In 51, 3% of all elite athletes (N=57/111) a vitamin Ddeficiency (< 30 ng/ml), in 57% (N=61/107) a seleniumdeficiency (< 121 µg/l), in 70% (N=77/110) a coenzymeQ10deficiency (< 750 µg/l) and in 27,1% (N=19/70) a magnesium deficiency intraerythrocytary were established.In cases of young player (< 18) vitamin D and of young national player (U16-U21) ferrum intraerythrocytary compared to national A player were poorly supplied [vitamin D: 25,71 ± 9,58 ng/ml vs 35,87 ± 12,35 ng/ml (p=0,007)ferrum: 407,13 ± 43,09 mg/l vs 460,29 ± 36,69 mg/l (p=0,018)].Muscle damages (in 73% of all cases) significantly occurred in vitamin D deficiency [29,13 ± 9,38 ng/dl vs 36,27 ± 12,09 ng/dl, p=0,005] and in coenzymeQ10 deficiency [623,31 ± 226,31 µg/l vs 732,93 ± 408,19 µg/l, p=0,039] more frequently.Comparing the settings of vitamin D 40ng/ml [27,50 ± 7,85 ng/ml vs 46,31 ± 6,71 ng/ml, OR=4,53, p=0,007] muscle damage were observed 4,53 times more frequent in the lower group, whereas the settings of vitaminB1-(thiamine) < 50 µg/l vs > 50 µg/l [36,45 ± 7,01 µg/l vs 63,24 ± 24,33 ng/ml, OR=0,38, p=0,045] showed muscle damage in 62% less frequent in the lower group.No significances were observed in infection, sleeping disorder or fatigue. Conclusion:Independantly to the type of sports, except all bvitamines, deficiencies of essential vitamins and trace elements in elite sports were observed.Vitamin D-as well as coenzymeQ10deficiencies and vitaminB1-excess play an important and significant role developing muscle damages.Further studies preventing muscle damages, recurrent infections and fatigue by treating elite athletes with micronutrients to eradicate those deficiencies are necessary.
Resveratrol ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis via activation of SIRT1‐Nrf2 signaling pathway

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The present study was designed to explore the biological role of resveratrol (RES) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the underlying mechanism. The adjuvant‐induced arthritic rats were administered RES on the 12th day after model establishment, and then arthritis assessment, oxidative stress measurement, histological examination, and immunohistochemical staining were performed. The primary rat fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) were isolated and treated with RES in vitro and then cell proliferation and apoptosis assay were examined. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, luciferase reporter assay, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) determination, western blot, and quantitative real time‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) were performed to investigate the mechanisms. RES administration decreased arthritis scores and serum levels of antioxidant enzymes, attenuated paw swelling, synovial hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration, and cartilage degradation, as well as inhibited synoviocyte proliferation in synovial tissues. Further investigation indicated that RES inhibited ROS production and FLS proliferation through activating the silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. NF‐κB was confirmed to negatively regulate miR‐29a‐3p and miR‐23a‐3p expression by directly binding to its promoter. Mechanistic analyses further revealed that Kelch‐like erythroid cell‐derived protein with CNC homology (ECH)‐associated protein 1 (Keap1), a negative regulator of Nrf2, was a downstream target of miR‐29a‐3p, while miR‐23a‐3p directly targeted cullin3 (cul3), a master regulator of ubiquitination and degradation of Nrf2. Together, the present study provided evidence that RES ameliorated RA through activation of Nrf2‐ARE signaling pathway via SIRT1/NF‐κB/miR‐29a‐3p/Keap1 and SIRT1/NF‐κB/miR‐23a‐3p/cul3 signaling pathway.
Thrills in Central Australia

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Abstract A thrilling story of a night attack by aborigines on a party of three white men in Central Australia, and of their unexpected last-minute rescue, is told by a member of the party, Mr. John Driver, until recently senior staff surveyor with the Lands Department of the now disbanded North Australia Commission. Mr. Driver returned in July, 1931, from Darwin, after having spent 18 months carrying out trigonometrical and topographical surveys of thousands of square miles of hitherto incompletely known areas of northern and central Australla, much of his time having been spent in the deserts and rich pastoral country that lie between the overland telegraph line and the West Australian border.
Theoretical investigation on the glycan-binding specificity ofAgrocybe cylindraceagalectin using molecular modeling and molecular dynamics simulation studies

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Galectins are β-galactoside binding proteins which have the ability to serve as potent antitumor, cancer biomarker, and induce tumor cell apoptosis. Agrocybe cylindracea galectin (ACG) is a fungal galectin which specifically recognizes α(2,3)-linked sialyllactose at the cell surface that plays extensive roles in the biological recognition processes. To investigate the change in glycan-binding specificity upon mutations, single point and double point site-directed in silico mutations are performed at the binding pocket of ACG. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies are carried out for the wild-type (ACG) and single point (ACG1) and double point (ACG2) mutated ACGs to investigate the dynamics of substituted mutants and their interactions with the receptor sialyllactose. Plausible binding modes are proposed for galectin-sialylglycan complexes based on the analysis of hydrogen bonding interactions, total pair-wise interaction energy between the interacting binding site residues and sialyllactose and binding free energy of the complexes using molecular mechanics-Poisson-Boltzmann surface area. Our result shows that high contribution to the binding in different modes is due to the direct and water-mediated hydrogen bonds. The binding specificity of double point mutant Y59R/N140Q of ACG2 is found to be high, and it has 26 direct and water-mediated hydrogen bonds with a relatively low-binding free energy of -47.52 ± 5.2 kcal/mol. We also observe that the substituted mutant Arg59 is crucial for glycan-binding and for the preference of α(2,3)-linked sialyllactose at the binding pocket of ACG2 galectin. When compared with the wild-type and single point mutant, the double point mutant exhibits enhanced affinity towards α(2,3)-linked sialyllactose, which can be effectively used as a model for biological cell marker in cancer therapeutics.
Epitheliod Haemangioendothelioma of Hypopharynx- A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Epitheloid hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular neoplasm of borderline or low-grademalignant potential uncommomly seen in head and neck region and has not been reported inhypopharynx. We present here a case of epitheloid hemangioendothelioma arising from thehypopharynx in a young female patient who presented with progressive dysphagia for one year anddifficulty in breathing for one month. This is first reported case in published English literature to thebest of our knowledge. Recognition of this borderline entity is necessary because of its potential formalignant transformation and recurrence. Presently, wide excision and regular clinical follow-up is an ideal treatment protocol. Role of other therapeutic modalities such as
Impacto de la relación proveedor - cliente en el desempeño de pequeños y medianos contratistas de Bahía Blanca. Una aproximación econométrica

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Los crecientes niveles de competitividad mundial han llevado a las grandes firmas a operar con mayor grado de flexibilidad. Entre las estrategias desplegadas, la más importante ha sido la creación de redes de empresas, que unen unidades productivas grandes y pequeñas operando en diferentes sectores, regiones e incluso países. Este proceso de descentralización productiva ha permitido a las pymes recuperar un rol protagónico, que parecía perdido durante la vigencia del paradigma fordista.El objetivo central del presente trabajo es analizar, a través de un modelo econométrico, la importancia que reviste para una pequeña y mediana empresa ser proveedor de una gran planta que manufactura commodities, ambas radicadas en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca.
Perceived barriers and facilitators to preventing hospital‐acquired pressure injury in paediatrics: A qualitative analysis

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim This qualitative study aimed to identify nurses' and allied health professionals' perceptions and experiences of providing hospital‐acquired pressure injury (HAPI) prevention in a paediatric tertiary hospital in Australia, as well as understand the perceived barriers and facilitators to preventing HAPI. Design A qualitative, exploratory study of hospital professionals was undertaken using semi‐structured interviews between February 2022 and January 2023. Methods Two frameworks, the Capability, Opportunity and Motivation Model of Behaviour (COM‐B) and the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), were used to give both theoretical and pragmatic guidance. Participants included 19 nursing and allied health professionals and data analysis was informed by the framework approach. Results Analysis revealed nine core themes regarding professionals' beliefs about the barriers and facilitators to HAPI prevention practices across seven TDF domains. Themes included HAPI prevention skills and education, family‐centred care, automated feedback and prompts, allocation and access to equipment, everybody's responsibility, prioritizing patients and clinical demands, organizational expectations and support, integrating theory and reality in practice and emotional influence. Conclusion These findings provide valuable insights into the barriers and facilitators that impact paediatric HAPI prevention and can help identify and implement strategies to enhance evidence‐based prevention care and prevent HAPI in paediatric settings. Impact Overcoming barriers through evidence‐based interventions is essential to reduce HAPI cases, improve patient outcomes, and cut healthcare costs. The findings have practical implications, informing policy and practice for improved preventive measures, education, and staffing in paediatric care, ultimately benefiting patient well‐being and reducing HAPIs. Patient or Public Contribution No patient or public contribution. The focus of the study is on healthcare professionals and their perspectives and experiences in preventing HAPIs in paediatric patients. Therefore, the involvement of patients or the public was not deemed necessary for achieving the specific research objectives.
Targeting the children's market in Singapore

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study attempts to highlight that Singaporean children today constitute a growmg market segment whose needs and wants warrant special marketing considerations The three main objectives of this study are to: 1) explore the potential of the children's market in Singapore, 2) study the childhood consumer socialisation process of Singaporean children, and 3) obtain insights into the various marketing strategies employed by retailers in targeting the children's market in Singapore. The children's market in Singapore is estimated to be at least S$200 million for children's clothes, toys, books and stationery This figure consists of the discretionary income of children and the amount that parents are willing to spend on their children. Children are often influenced by their families, peers and the media when making purchase decisions. The degree of influence asserted by each party however, varies between ages and the type of product category purchased. Children also exhibit certain differences in media habits according to age and gender. In addition, their response towards various promotional strategies differ as well .Distinct marketing strategies are actually being used by retailers in targeting the children's market in Singapore. Retailers can be classified into several strategic groups where retailers within a group pursue a common strategy. A survey was conducted on children aged 7 to 12 years old and also parents with children falling in that age group in order to obtain the information needed to conclude the study. A total of 196 children and 100 parents were surveyed. Interviews were also held with several retailers for their views and opinions regarding the children's market. Marketing to children can be both rewarding as well as challenging. Retailers have to understand the dynamics of consumer behaviour exhibited by their children customers and the external factors that influence such behaviour.
P68. A new EGFR - EpCAM bispecific antibody enhances the efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy in a murine gastric tumour model

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Meeting abstracts A limiting step for adoptively transferred tumour-specific T cells is their recruitment from the blood circulation to the proximity of tumour cells and subsequent engagement in direct tumour cell contact. We hypothesised that a bispecific antibody recruiting T cells to a target
A Banach subspace of $L_{1/2}$ which does not embed in $L_1$ (isometric version)

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

For every $n\geq 3,$ we construct an $n$-dimensional Banach space which is isometric to a subspace of $L_{1/2}$ but is not isometric to a subspace of $L_1.$ The isomorphic version of this problem (posed by S. Kwapien in 1969) is still open. Another example gives a Banach subspace of $L_{1/4}$ which does not embed isometrically in $L_{1/2}.$ Note that, from the isomorphic point of view, all the spaces $L_q$ with $q<1$ have the same Banach subspaces.
Reconstructing Hand-Held Objects from Monocular Video

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents an approach that reconstructs a hand-held object from a monocular video. In contrast to many recent methods that directly predict object geometry by a trained network, the proposed approach does not require any learned prior about the object and is able to recover more accurate and detailed object geometry. The key idea is that the hand motion naturally provides multiple views of the object and the motion can be reliably estimated by a hand pose tracker. Then, the object geometry can be recovered by solving a multi-view reconstruction problem. We devise an implicit neural representation-based method to solve the reconstruction problem and address the issues of imprecise hand pose estimation, relative hand-object motion, and insufficient geometry optimization for small objects. We also provide a newly collected dataset with 3D ground truth to validate the proposed approach. The dataset and code will be released at https://dihuangdh.github.io/hhor.
Longitudinal study of the protective effect of hope on reducing body image distress in cancer patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Body image distress is well-documented in patients with cancer, but little is known about the course of body image distress over time and the role of psychosocial resources such as hope. This prospective study sought to explore the dynamics between trajectories of body image distress and hope across time. Cancer patients receiving outpatient treatment at a cancer center completed self-reported measures of body image distress (Body Image Scale) and hope (Adult Hope Scale) at baseline (within three months of their cancer diagnosis) and follow-up (six months post-baseline; N = 111). Trajectories of intra-individual change (improved, stable, and declined) for body image distress were calculated based on the minimal clinically important difference (±0.5 baseline SD). There was a significant increase in body image distress at follow-up (p < .05); hope remained stable. Rank-transformed mixed-factor repeated measures analyses of variance revealed significant interactions between body image distress trajectory groups and time on hope, suggesting that patients experiencing improvements in body image distress reported higher levels of hope than those who had stable or deteriorating levels of body image distress F(2,108) = 3.25, p < .05. The findings of this exploratory study suggest that psychosocial resources like hope may also reduce body image distress across time in a sample of cancer patients, although the mechanisms of interaction require further examination. Supportive care could lend greater focus to improving patients' hope to alleviating body image distress.
Observations on the Attawapiskat Formation (Silurian) trilobites of Ontario, with description of a new encrinurine

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The trilobite fauna of the Attawapiskat Formation of Ontario agrees with a late Llandoverian to early Wenlockian age assignment. This fauna is closely related to late Llandoverian and Wenlockian trilobite faunas from eastern Iowa and eastern Greenland. The numerically dominant trilobites of this fauna (illaenids, scutelluids, cheirurids) represent an association that is typical of Ordovician–Devonian carbonate buildups. These trilobites occur in localized accumulations formed by the entrapment of exuviae in depressions or other similar structures.Perryus severnensis gen. et sp. nov. from the Attawapiskat Formation is described. Its relationships with the Encrinuroides/Cromus lineage and possibly with Frammia are discussed.