jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Lateral Trajectory on Flow Stability in Horizontal Gas Wells

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A large-scale experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the impact of lateral trajectory on flow stability in horizontal wells. The experiment was carried out on a device that featured 50mm inner diameter (ID), 2m long vertical section, and 4m long inclined section, with a 100mm ID and 4m long lateral section, miming a shale horizontal gas well. Three wellbore geometries were modeled by systematically adjusting the deviation angle of the lateral section by ±12° from the horizontal plane. Additionally, the flow patterns, pressure fluctuations, and film reversal gas velocities were measured to evaluate how the wellbore trajectory affects flow stability. Experimental results indicate that lateral trajectory significantly affects slug formation and movement of the lateral section, which increases erratic production in the vertical and inclined sections, mainly manifested by pressure fluctuations and zero liquid flow. The impact of gas and liquid rates in toe-down geometry on flow stability in horizontal gas wells is especially significant during the low-pressure production stage. Meanwhile, the film reversal occurs at the entrance of 45° inclined section and the vertical section when the superficial gas velocity decreases to 12.62 and 6.48 m/s, respectively. The test data showed that pressure drop in the tubing decreases rapidly at first and then slows as the gas rates increases, with a transition point between 2 ~ 3 m/s. It reaches a minimum value at a gas velocity of approximately 19 m/s, after which the pressure drops increase again due to the heightened friction resulting from the high gas velocity. This study identified the optimal regions for wellbore energy optimization and the appropriate occasions for intervention in the artificial lift process. It also clarified the mechanism of liquid slug generation in three different typical lateral trajectories, which is helpful to optimize the wellbore lateral trajectories, ultimately reducing drilling operational costs and time.
An Investigation Thermodynamic Pt-Hf Systems of High Temperature Properties in the Pt-Zr and

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

*In this paper, 1 cal = 4.184 J. predictions of the Engel-Brewer correlation. The large negative entropies of formation of TiPts, ZrPt3, and HfPt3 are discussed. Applications including side reactions in fuel cells and thermocouple systems are mentioned. IN a previous paper, 1 an investigation of thermodynamic properties in the Pt-Ti system by a galvanic cell method using a solid oxide electrolyte was presented. It was shown that Pt-Ti alloys have exceptionally high stabilities, as predicted by the Engel-Brewer correlation. The experimental procedure was described in detail, and partial and integral molar thermodynamic properties of Pt-Ti alloys were tabulated. In this paper, thermodynamic data obtained in the Pt-Zr and Pt-Hf systems by the same method are presented. These results are compared with previous work, and together with results in the Pt-Ti system are reviewed in terms of the Engel-Brewer formalism. The magnitudes of integral molar entropies and enthalpies of these alloys are discussed. Finally, the experimental data are applied to problems such as side reactions in ZrO2-based fuel cells and thermocouple systems.
Sosyal Bilgiler Dersinde, 5. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Zihin Haritalarında Sorumluluk Kavramının İncelenmesi

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Responsibility is a popular concept in the modern world. Learning this concept with its cognitive, affective and psychomotor features can support us to produce effective solutions to problems. This study was carried out according to the qualitative research design. The study group of the research consists of a total of 15 students, 9 girls and 6 boys, among the 5th grade students. Participation in the research was done on a voluntary basis. The data collection tool of the research consists of mind maps drawn by the students and their thoughts on the concept of responsibility. In addition, semi-structured interview method was also used. Both content and descriptive analysis methods were used in the analysis of the data. The analysis process was completed by consulting the field experts regarding the agreement percentages and similarities between the codes. According to the results of this research, it has been determined that activity-based teaching has positive reflections of the concept of responsibility on the learning process. In particular, it is seen that students mostly include explanations about their individual responsibilities in their mind maps. The students explained that they enjoyed the learning process of the concept of responsibility, their interest increased, they had fun, and they learned better by drawing images on mind maps.
Decision Support System to Determine Applicant Housing Credits With SAW Method on the House Complex of J. City Residence by Capital Property

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

J. City Residence provides subsidized housing loans facilities for people who earn below the average. The number of credit applicants with different criteria requires carefulness of the Credit Analyst in making decisions. This problem can be solved by building a Decision Support System (DSS) in determining the provision of subsidized mortgage loans using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. The criteria used are house condition (cost attribute), income (cost attribute), employment (benefit attribute), credit history (benefit attribute) and marital status (benefit attribute). The process is to normalize the credit applicant value matrix, then multiply the results of the normalization by the weight value. If the result of the calculation is above the credit line is not feasible, then the applicant is declared eligible to receive credit. Application can be used to help to determine the eligibility of consumers in obtaining subsidized housing loans with the SAW method in J. City Residence by Capital Property Housing.
Preparation of Ordered Nanoporous Indium Tin Oxides with Large Crystallites and Individual Control over Their Thermal and Electrical Conductivities

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Metal oxides are considered suitable candidates for thermoelectric materials owing to their high chemical stabilities. The formation of ordered nanopores within these materials, which decreases thermal conductivity (κ), has attracted significant interest. However, the electrical conductivity (σ) of reported nanoporous metal oxides is low, owing to electron scattering at the thin pore walls and many grain boundaries formed by small crystallites. Therefore, a novel synthesis method that can control pore walls while forming relatively large crystallites to reduce κ and retain σ is required. In this study, we used indium tin oxide (ITO), which is a typical example among metal oxides with high σ. Nanoporous ITOs with large crystallite sizes of several hundred nanometers and larger were successfully prepared using indium chloride as a source of indium. The pore sizes were varied using colloidal silica nanoparticles with different particle sizes as templates. The crystal phase and nanoporous structure of ITO were preserved after spark plasma sintering at 723 K and 80 MPa. The κ was significantly lower than that reported for bulk ITO due to the phonon scattering caused by the nanoporous structure and thin pore walls. There was a limited decrease in σ even with high porosity. These findings show that κ and σ are independently controllable through the precise control of the structure. The control of the thickness of the pore walls at tens of nanometers was effective for the selective scattering of phonons, while almost retaining electron mobility. The remarkable preservation of σ was attributed to the large crystallites that maintained paths for electron conduction and decreased electron scattering at the grain boundaries.
Game Forms for Nash Implementation of General Social Choice Correspondences

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Several game forms are given for implementing general social choice correspondences (SCC's) which satisfy Haskin's conditions of monotonicity and No Veto Power. The game forms have smaller strategy spaces than those used in previously discovered mechanisms: the strategy for an individual consists of an alternative, two subsets (of alternatives), and a player number. For certain types of economic and political SCC's, including a-majority rule, the Walrasian, and Lindahl correspondence, the strategy space reduces to an alternative and a vector, where the number of components of the vector is at most twice the dimension of the alternative space.
The Complexity of Growing a Graph

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We study a new algorithmic process of graph growth which starts from a single initial vertex and operates in discrete time-steps, called \emph{slots}. In every slot, the graph grows via two operations (i) vertex generation and (ii) edge activation. The process completes at the last slot where a (possibly empty) subset of the edges of the graph will be removed. Removed edges are called \emph{excess edges}. The main problem investigated in this paper is: Given a target graph $G$, we are asked to design an algorithm that outputs such a process growing $G$, called a \emph{growth schedule}. Additionally, the algorithm should try to minimize the total number of slots $k$ and of excess edges $\ell$ used by the process. We provide both positive and negative results for different values of $k$ and $\ell$, with our main focus being either schedules with sub-linear number of slots or with zero excess edges.
Management of acute exacerbations of chronic pulmonary obstructive disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) is an important cause of death in industrialized countries (it is the 4th cause of death in the U.S.). This condition is also prevalent in developing countries, in some its frequency may be higher, and it is an important cause of hospitalizations and consultations because of acute exacerbations. The Anthonisen definition is the most widely and accepted instrument for diagnosing COPD exacerbations, pointing out at the presence of one or more of the following: increased sputum volume, change of color of the sputum, and worsening dyspnea. Patients with COPD may develop one to three acute exacerbation episodes per year. The number of these episodes is an important marker for the severity of COPD, since it determines quality of life and the mortality risk. Three to sixteen per cent of affected patients may require hospitalization (this rate may be higher in more severe cases). In-hospital mortality may reach 10% in severe COPD cases, and it becomes increased if the patient is admitted to an intensive care unit. The etiology of acute exacerbations of COPD is mainly because of infections (up to 80%), but other conditions may also account for such exacerbations, such as pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax, heart failure, thoracic trauma (including rib fracture), and extrapulmonary infections, being considered as triggering factors, and they may also coexist.
THE STABILITY OF BACTERIAL SUSPENSIONS

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

1. The concentrations of various salts required to agglutinate different concentrations for a suspension of typhoid bacilli sensitized with immune serum have been determined. 2. The electrolytes may be divided into two classes; (1) those with which the concentration required to agglutinate is independent of the concentration of the suspension; and (2) those with which the agglutinating concentration increases in proportion to the concentration of the suspension. 3. The salts comprised under (1) do not reverse the sign of the charge of the suspension. 4. The salts of Class (2) (with the exception of ZnSO4) do reverse the sign of the charge.
Planning and Construction of Test Cases

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This chapter explains how construction and execution of test cases verify and validate the captured in-scope requirements or the request for new system changes. Test cases can be designed in spreadsheets, text editors, or within test management tools. Project deliverables such as business process procedures (BPPs), flow process diagrams, and functional and technical specifications are excellent sources of information for designing test cases. Flow process diagrams based on Unified Modeling Language (UML) notation such as use cases are effective techniques for constructing test cases, since they reveal the expected interaction and tasks of end users with the system. Test cases can be written with multiple authors or in the absence of any clearly identified quality assurance (QA) guidelines, which often results in test cases whose contents are suspect or questionable since they may not offer valid testing conditions. Peer reviews assist in improving the quality of the contents of the test cases but in the course of peer reviewing and constructing test cases it is necessary to collect metrics. Building and constructing test cases imply that at defined intervals progress is measured for the number of completed test cases.
Family Counseling and Referral with Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgendered Clients: Ethical Considerations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Couple, marriage, and family counselors face unique ethical and practice challenges in their dual commitment to the positive growth and integrity of both the individual and the family system. These challenges may become acute when working with stigmatized and oppressed populations such as gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgendered persons and their families. A brief case vignette illustrates a range of ethical issues for couple and family counselors working with this client population.
Simulation Parameter Selection and Steady Seepage Analysis of Binary Structure Slope

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The selection of calculation parameters for slope excavation support design and the analysis of seepage stability is a significant challenge. This difficulty also hinders the development of slope support engineering. This study examined the right binary structure slope engineering of the K5 + 220–K5 + 770 section of the TJ1A mark of the Jiangkou-Weng’an Highway in Guizhou province. In this study, we propose and use the deep displacement monitoring data and p value test method to check the simulation parameters. Furthermore, the superposition calculation method for steady-state seepage analysis of slope geotechnical structure is proposed. A comparative analysis of the displacement, strain, stress, and safety factor of the slope after the application of pore water pressure was carried out for three slope conditions. The analysis showed that steady-state seepage has a significant effect on the displacement of the slope during the completion of excavation. As a result, a continuous distribution of strain arises on the slope along the interface between the potential sliding surface and the rock–soil layer, and then forms a continuous sliding zone. Additionally, steady-state seepage has a significant effect on the position of the displacement distribution during the initial support of the slope, leading to a significant increase in the extreme value of the shear outlet displacement of the potential slip surface of the slope and in the extreme value of equivalent strain. Finally, steady-state seepage reduces the displacement and equivalent strain upon construction of the secondary slope support. The steady-state seepage has a limited effect on the stress concentration, but reduces the safety factor calculated using the strength reduction method, in all three stages of slope excavation and support. This study enriches the analysis methods for determining the stability of a dual-structure slope during the rainy season, and provides new ideas for the safety and control of slope support projects.
Report on Cacao Products

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Report on Cacao Products Get access John L Iverson John L Iverson Division of Food Chemistry and Technology, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C. 20204 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Volume 53, Issue 2, 1 March 1970, Pages 341–342, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/53.2.341 Published: 29 January 2020
Opportunities and Constraints for Creating Edible Cities and Accessing Wholesome Functional Foods in a Sustainable Way

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Malnutrition, food security and food safety will remain major global issues as the world’s population grows and the consequences of climate change prevail, so we need to rethink how we grow and source food to create sustainable systems for future generations. Edible cities, as innovative solutions to use public spaces for urban food production, can bridge this evident gap between the present and the future. The aim of this review was to analyze the opportunities and constraints for creating edible cities and accessing wholesome functional foods in a sustainable way and explore existing solutions that can be strengthened. We can grow food in urban environments using ideas such as controlled-environment farms (CEAs), home food gardens on balconies, roofs and terraces, underground farming and foraging. As citizens become more aware of complex foods with nutritional benefits, we should take this opportunity to teach them about edible wholesome functional foods and how they can be grown instead of using plants. There are still many constraints such as pollution, a lack of government support and the economic aspects of urban farms that need to be resolved in order for edible cities and access to functional foods in them to become the standard worldwide. The goal is worthwhile as citizens would benefit from climate control, reduced resource consumption, a safer food supply, improved mental and physical health, reduced malnutrition and nutritional deficiencies and connected communities that share knowledge and resources to further innovation and welfare.
A Case of Successful Living Donor Liver Transplantation after Down-staging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with the Beyond Milan Criteria by Radioembolization, Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy, and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Liver transplantation for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within the Milan criteria generally yields a 4-year overall survival rate of 75% and 4-year recurrence free survival rate of 83%. But, many HCC patients present with the disease beyond the Milan criteria. On the other hands, the overall survival of patients with advanced HCC with portal vein invasion is very poor. We report a caseof successful living donor liver transplantation for advanced HCC with portal vein invasion by down-staging through radioembolization, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, and stereotactic body radiation therapy.
Analysis of a pollution problem of ambient noise and bases for a municipality inspection in the center of Talquepaque, Jalisco, Mexico, 2001

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The city of Tlaquepaque is delimited at the north by Guadalajara city, at the west side by Zapopan, at the south side by Tlajomulco and El Salto, and in its east side by Tonala. Our purpose in this study is to create the first noise map of Tlaquepaque, being the study area between the streets: Avenida Ninos Heroes, Revolucion, Florida, and Marcos Montero. We take 53 points of which 77.3% are above 65 dBA, the Leq average of the points was 69.7 dBA, having as a minium 44.8 dBA and as a maximum 108.6 dBA. Nowadays Tlaquepaque does not have any noise map, so we are trying to identify its more complex areas. The high dB levels found in the study show us how high the noise in the street is, and this is reflected by several citizen complaints about noise received by the municipality. Because of this it is necessary to have an ambient noise diagnostic program, and do the necessary modifications to the current inspection and monitoring system. The preliminary results of this first noise map show a really serious problem with ambient noise caused by vehicular traffic, bad urbanization, and the existence of commercial centers that raise the ambient noise.
Active tuberculosis in a psoriasis patient treated with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors despite an initial negative tuberculin skin test and no known risk factors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors are becoming more common in the treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis. These medications have a low incidence of serious adverse events and are generally considered safe; however, they do make patients more susceptible to tuberculosis (TB) infection both through latent reactivation and primary infection. We describe a case of a patient who had an initial negative tuberculin skin test (TST), began TNF inhibitor therapy, and then 11 years later was diagnosed with active TB. After the initial screening, the patient did not have any subsequent screenings for TB and no apparent change to his TB risk status. TB is still common in many areas of the United States and travel is not necessary to be exposed. Patients on TNF inhibitors that develop active TB have increased morbidity and mortality than those who are not. It is necessary that dermatologists limit the risk of TB to patients by screening them before initiation and annually when they are on the TNF inhibitor.
Contribution of arm explosive power hand reaction speed to badminton smash ability

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This research aims to discover these problems, (1) Is there a contribution of arm power explosive to the smash ability of UM Palopo badminton athletes (UKM)? (2) Is there any contribution of hand reaction speed to the smash-hitting ability strength of UM Palopo badminton athletes (UKM)? (3) Is there any contribution of arm explosive power to hand reaction speed to the smash ability of UM Palopo badminton athletes (UKM)? Two independent variables and one dependent variable form this research. It is a descriptive research Sample and the population is athletes from UKM Badminton UM Palopo, by random sampling, 40 people were obtained. The data analysis technique used is Regression-Test (R). (1) Arm explosive power makes a sizable contribution to the smash-hitting ability of badminton Where the obtained value = 0.512 (p < 0.05), with a contribution or contribution of 57. 80% (2). There is a significant contribution of hand reaction speed to the ability to smash in badminton. The value = -0.4 61 (p < 0.05), with a contribution or contribution of 54.20 % (3). There is a significant contribution of explosive power, and arm reaction speed, to the smash ability of badminton. Where the value of Ro = 0.854 (P < 0.05), with a contribution or contribution of 72.90%.