jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
THE STUDY OF AUTONOMIC FUNCTION TESTS IN PATIENTS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS BY CARDIOVASCULAR ANALYSIS SYSTEM

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and objectives: In patients of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) although peripheral and central nervous system involvement has been well recognized1 , autonomic nervous system (ANS) involvement has rarely been studied and has shown conflicting results. This study was conducted to investigate ANS dysfunction in patients of RA by CANWin using classical Ewing autonomic battery tests. Methods: 50 patients of RA between the age group of 20-70 years along with 25 healthy age and sex matched controls were evaluated by 4 parasympathetic tests including resting heart rate (HR), HR response to deep breathing, standing and valsalva maneuver; and 2 sympathetic tests consisting of blood pressure response to standing and sustained hand grip (SHG) by CANWin analysis system (Window based). Results: Heart rate response to deep breathing (E:I), standing (30:15 ratio) and valsalva showed very significant results in patients of RA as compared to that of controls (P<0.01). 10% of RA patients showed fall in systolic BP on standing by more than 20 mm Hg as compared to controls (0%) with significant p-value of <0.05. 20% of RA patients showed abnormal low rise in diastolic BP on SHG with significant p-value of <0.05. Interpretation & Conclusions: This study has confirmed the presence of cardiac autonomic nervous system dysfunctions including both sympathetic and parasympathetic, in patients of RA.
Design and Construction of Offshore Large Bored Pile Construction Platform

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The construction conditions of the south channel bridge of Hangzhou Bay Sea-Crossing Bridge are harsh,and the construction of the boring platforms for foundations of the bridge is therefore challenging.In this paper,the design considerations for the boring platforms for construction of the pylon foundations of the bridge are presented,and the construction technology used with movable and cantilever guiding framework for lowering bored pile steel casings down to river is described as well.
Assessing the co-occurrence of intimate partner violence domains across the life-course: relating typologies to mental health

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The inter-generational transmission of violence (ITV) hypothesis and polyvictimisation have been studied extensively. The extant evidence suggests that individuals from violent families are at increased risk of subsequent intimate partner violence (IPV) and that a proportion of individuals experience victimisation across multiple rather than single IPV domains. Both ITV and polyvictimisation are shown to increase the risk of psychiatric morbidity, alcohol use, and anger expression. The current study aimed to 1) ascertain if underlying typologies of victimisation across the life-course and over multiple victimisation domains were present and 2) ascertain if groupings differed on mean scores of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, alcohol use, and anger expression. University students (N=318) were queried in relation to victimisation experiences and psychological well-being. Responses across multiple domains of IPV spanning the life-course were used in a latent profile analysis. ANOVA was subsequently used to determine if profiles differed in their mean scores on PTSD, depression, alcohol use, and anger expression. Three distinct profiles were identified; one of which comprised individuals who experienced “life-course polyvictimisation,” another showing individuals who experienced “witnessing parental victimisation,” and one which experienced “psychological victimisation only.” Life-course polyvictims scored the highest across most assessed measures. Witnessing severe physical aggression and injury in parental relationships as a child has an interesting impact on the ITV into adolescence and adulthood. Life-course polyvictims are shown to experience increased levels of psychiatric morbidity and issues with alcohol misuse and anger expression.
Anterior Chamber Rebubbling With Perfluoropropane (C3F8) After Failed Rebubbling Attempts for Persistent Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Graft Detachments

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To describe the clinical outcomes of using C 3 F 8 as a tamponade agent for the attachment of partially detached Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) grafts after failure of previous rebubbling attempts. Methods: Interventional case series. We reviewed the medical records of all DMEK surgeries performed at Rabin Medical Center (Petach Tikva, Israel) between January 2016 and December 2018 in which 10% C 3 F 8 tamponade was used for graft reattachments. Patient demographic details, indication for surgery, early postoperative endothelial cell loss, postoperative visual acuity, intraoperative and postoperative complications as well as graft survival were noted. Results: Five patients were included in this case series. Indications for DMEK were pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (n = 3), failed penetrating graft (n = 1), and Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (n = 1). In 4 of 5 cases, SF 6 tamponade was used at the end of the initial DMEK surgery. In 1 case, air tamponade was used. In all cases, partial graft detachment was seen 1 to 2 weeks postoperatively, and anterior chamber rebubbling was performed using 20% SF 6 gas. A second C 3 F 8 -assisted rebubbling was performed 10 to 70 days after the primary DMEK surgery. In all cases, complete graft attachment was achieved, and the corneas cleared. Early endothelial cell loss rates averaged at 44% ± 26% (range 20%–74%). One case which had a previous trabeculectomy with chronic preoperative and postoperative hypotony had failed 6 months after surgery. All the other grafts were clear at last visit. Conclusions: Tamponade using nonexpansile 10% C 3 F 8 gas can attach partially detached DMEK grafts after the failure of previous air- or SF 6 -assisted rebubbling attempts.
Mandatory Mediation Under Indonesia Legal System

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Mediation is a form of dispute resolution outside of court. Mediation is regulated in Law No. 30 of 1999 concerning arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution. However, this law does not specifically regulate mediation, and PERMA Number 1 of 2016 concerning Supreme Court mediation procedures again regulates mediation. PERMA does not exist in the hierarchy of laws and regulations and PERMA seems to fill a legal gap in the product of the law plus the warrant of the National Police Chief number 6 of 2019 concerning the handling of criminal acts based on the principle of Restorative Justice and the regulation of the Attorney General of the Republic of Indonesia (Perja) number 15 of 2020 concerning the handling of criminal acts based on the principle of Restorative Justice. Therefore, this paper questions whether mandatory mediation can be implemented in Indonesia through the application of laws or legal regulations. The research method in this study is normative law, using primary legal sources of Legal Regulation Theory and legal ideals of Gustav Radbruch. The results show that there is an urgent need to introduce mediation laws in Indonesia. The reason is, firstly, that the practice of mediation is very developed and is applied not only to civil cases, but also to some criminal cases and cases of human rights violations. Second, PERMA only applies within the Supreme Court. Third, the mediator and the mediation work to be carried out require guidelines in their behavior. Keywords: Mediation Obligations, Law Reform, Dispute Resolution
Egg quality and carcass characteristics of Nag Hans – A local duck in Bastar region of Chhattisgarh

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present study was carried out to study egg quality and carcass characteristics of Nag Hans, a local duck of Bastar region in Chhattisgarh. About 300 eggs were examined to study the internal and external egg quality and 20 birds (10 male and 10 female) were slaughtered to study carcass characteristics. All the statistical analyses were done using R statistical software 2020. The different egg quality traits egg weight (g), shell weight (g), albumen weight (g), yolk weight (g), shell thickness (mm), specific gravity, albumen index, Haugh unit and yolk index recorded were 57.45±0.54, 6.57±0.09, 23.21±0.15, 24.70±0.31, 0.36±0.03, 1.15±0.09, 22.69±10.35, 89.52±1.14 and 40.04±0.39 respectively. The different carcass characters such as age at slaughter (yr), slaughter weight (kg), dressing (%) and meat bone ratio recorded were 1.7±0.12, 2.09±0.18, 73.36±2.71 and 3.81±0.33 respectively for male ducks and 1.34±0.18, 1.25±0.08, 69.21±0.87 and 1.16 for female ducks respectively.
Vegetation effects on soil pore structure and hydraulic properties in volcanic ash soils of the high Andes

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Soil hydraulic properties control the provision of hydrological services. Vegetation and topography influence these properties by altering soil structure and porosity. The underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood for the high Andean region. In this study, we examined how vegetation and topographic attributes are related to soil hydraulic properties and soil pore structure in young volcanic ash soils, and further correlated them to soil texture, organic carbon, and root characteristics to explain these relationships. In a 0.7 km 2 study site located in the Andean páramo of northern Ecuador, we measured soil water retention, saturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density (BD), and pore size distribution parameters on eight soil profiles with contrasting vegetation types (cushion‐forming plants vs. tussock grasses) and topographic positions (summit vs. hillslope). We observed significant differences in soil hydraulic properties and soil pore structure in the uppermost horizons by vegetation type, whereas topography had a minor effect. In the A horizons, we found higher water retention at saturation and field capacity (10%–14%), higher total available water (8%–15%), and higher saturated hydraulic conductivity (4–12 times) under cushion‐forming plants compared to tussock grasses. The elevated values under cushion plants were attributed to the presence of larger pores, lower soil BD, and higher soil organic carbon content as a result of coarser root systems. Total available water was generally high (0.34–0.40 cm 3 cm −3 ), and locally not associated with any soil property. The higher water retention in soils under cushion vegetation can enhance soil water storage for plants and the regulation of water flows during prolonged rainfall events. The saturated hydraulic conductivity of the surface horizons is high compared to rainfall intensities resulting in high infiltration capacity; whilst its decline with depth reveals the potential for generation of subsurface stormflow, especially below cushion‐forming plants. Our findings highlight that soil hydraulic properties differ among vegetation types, and show the significance of vegetation types for soil hydrology.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of Ferrocenyl Alcohols from Aldehydes and Ferrocene Catalyzed by Lewis Acid.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Spheroplasts of Haemophilus influenzae Induced by Cell Wall-Active Antibiotics and Their Effect upon the Interpretation of Susceptibility Tests

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The interpretation of in vitro susceptibility tests of Haemophilus influenzae performed by the agar or broth dilution methods with Levinthal enrichment was found to be markedly influenced by the production of spheroplasts by this species. Using an inoculum of 10 7 organisms/ml, this phenomenon was frequently evident macroscopically as a haziness on agar substrates and in broths containing cell wall-acting agents, such as ampicillin, cephalothin, and penicillin, but was not noted with chloramphenicol. Phase-contrast microscopic examination of the haze from these sources revealed numerous spherical bodies in contrast to the typical cocco-bacillary forms observed in growth controls. With this inoculum size, minimal bactericidal concentrations could not be determined since subculture of 0.1 ml of the hazy broths or the surface haze onto chocolate agar resulted in most instances in the development of a small number of colonies which, upon smear and gram stain, revealed typical Haemophilus morphology. An inoculum of 10 4 organisms/ml abolished the haziness on agar surfaces and in broths and resulted in clear-cut end points. Also, although spherical bodies were still present, they were distinctly less in number as contrasted to tests performed with an inoculum of 10 7 organisms/ml. It is recommended that minimal inhibitory concentration end points in antibiotic susceptibility tests be determined by microscopic, rather than macroscopic, observation of the growth milieu to determine the presence or absence of morphologically typical bacilli which, when observed, is indicative of true in vitro resistance.
Enalapril and renal injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Rats of the spontaneously hypertensive strain develop kidney damage that resembles the nephropathy seen in some cases of human essential hypertension. Previous studies with a triple drug antihypertensive regimen indicated that proteinuria and glomerular histopathology in spontaneously hypertensive rats might develop despite long-term effective control of systemic blood pressure. To investigate further the relation between hypertension and kidney disease, a group of spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated with enalapril at 15 weeks of age. Blood pressure, protein excretion, and kidney function were measured in those rats at regular intervals during the next year and a half and were compared with untreated spontaneously hypertensive rats and the normotensive Wistar-Kyoto parent strain. Kidney tissue samples from all three groups, collected at autopsy, were stained by immunohistochemical and conventional methods to assess the relative severity and nature of kidney damage. Although enalapril therapy was completely effective in controlling the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats, it only postponed the onset of kidney disease. Enalapril-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats eventually exhibited albuminuria as severe as that found in hypertensive rats. Kidney vessel pathology was completely prevented with enalapril, but the abnormal accumulation of mononuclear cells in tubulointerstitial and periglomerular sites was the same as in untreated spontaneously hypertensive rats. We have concluded that elevated protein excretion in rats of the spontaneously hypertensive rat strain is not a secondary consequence of systemic hypertension. Structural abnormalities of renal vessels also do not appear to contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of albuminuria in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Other explanations must be sought to account for the close link between spontaneous hypertension and kidney damage in this animal model. The clear dissociation of kidney disease from systemic hypertension exhibited by spontaneously hypertensive rats may also be relevant for human disease.
Use of Complex Weak Acid in Canyon sand Stimulation

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT One of the primary concerns in completion practices for the Canyon Sand in Sterling, Schleicher, Sutton and Crockett Counties has been to balance possible formation damage with completion costs. The low productivity, and until very recently, the low gas prices for this area has made the use of "exotic" fracturing treatments very difficult to justify. The fluids were normally a gelled water or gelled weak acid system, often used with CO2. In those instances where the treatments are performed via tubing, low injection rates often contributed to screenouts. The recent advent of cross linked water based fluids and more effective clay stabilizers has reduced both the screenout problems and formation damage. Within the last 8-12 months, a complexed weak acid system has been developed which has demonstrated a combination of most of the advantages of the other systems with very few disadvantages. The ability to transport sand out to the drainage boundary is the ideal stimulation practice for almost any "tight" sand.1 This idealized treatment, though, is often not economically justifiable due to the inefficient nature of the fracture fluid, especially the earlier fluids used in this area. In this paper, we will investigate the theoretical and practical aspects of pumping a complexed weak acid system. This system possesses a large number of the desired characteristics for use in the Canyon Sand -- high viscosity, low friction loss, low pH compatibility with CO2, compatibility with clay stabilizers and fluorocarbon surfactants, low fluid loss, and excellent sand transport properties.
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a case report and review of the literature.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an immune-mediated coagulation side effect of heparin therapy characterized by thrombocytopenia and by a paradoxical prothrombotic state following heparin exposure when thrombotic or thromboembolic events accurse, the condition is classified as Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis (HITT). We report a case of HITT with evidence of small-vessel arterial thrombosis in a 5-day-old newborn receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and our attempt of bivalirudin alternative treatment. We also review previous reports regarding HIT and ECMO with the alternative management in this unique population.
DFT and HAADF-STEM Investigations of the Zn Effects on β″ Phase Structure in a Zn Added Al-Mg-Si-Cu Alloy

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

First-principles calculations were conducted to investigate the effects of Zn on the structure of β″ phase. The effects of Cu, which was often added in the alloy, were also taken into consideration. Firstly, single Zn or Cu atom was doped on different sites of the β″ phase. Then the formation enthalpies and lattice constants of doped β″ phases were calculated. The results showed that it was more energetically favorable for single Zn or Cu atom to occupy Si3/Al sites than other sites. Furthermore, different quantities of Zn or Cu atoms were doped on Si3/Al sites. With the amounts of doping atoms increasing, the formation enthalpies of β″ phases doped by Zn were lower than which doped by Cu, indicating that it was more preferential for Zn to enter the β″ phase when Zn content was higher than Cu. Additionally, the doping of Zn could reduce the formation enthalpies of the β″ phase, which promoted the formation of the β″ phases. As a result, the aging hardening response of the alloy was improved. High angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) characterization was also conducted on a peak-aging Zn added Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy. The HAADF-STEM image of β″ phase showed that the occupancies of Zn atoms were just on the Si3/Al sites and substituted all the Al atoms, which was consistent with the results of first-principles calculations.
Comparative Study of Methodologies for Home Automation System A Survey

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering (A UGC Approved and indexed with DOI, ICI and Approved, DPI Digital Library) is one of the leading and growing open access, peer-reviewed, monthly, and scientific research journal for scientists, engineers, research scholars, and academicians, which gains a foothold in Asia and opens to the world, aims to publish original, theoretical and practical advances in Computer Science,Information Technology, Engineering (Software, Mechanical, Civil, Electronics & Electrical), and all interdisciplinary streams of Computing Sciences. It intends to disseminate original, scientific, theoretical or applied research in the field of Computer Sciences and allied fields. It provides a platform for publishing results and research with a strong empirical component. It aims to bridge the significant gap between research and practice by promoting the publication of original, novel, industry-relevant research.
Update: prophylaxis for HIV opportunistic infections.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The U.S. Public Health Service and the Infectious Diseases Society of America recently updated the 1995 guidelines on prevention of opportunistic infections in HIV infected individuals. PCP prophylaxis has not been changed in the new guidelines. Primary prevention strategies for toxoplasmosis encephalitis are described. Preventive medication for tuberculosis is generally not recommended, especially for persons in high risk groups such as the homeless and injection drug users. Significant changes were made for the prevention of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), and guidelines were changed for preventing bacterial respiratory infections. Primary prophylaxis of most fungal infections is generally not recommended, but lifelong secondary prophylaxis is indicated for all deep seated fungal infections and CMV. Prevention of opportunistic infections in HIV patients has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality.
A Primer on Robotic Milking

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This paper is the introduction for a technical session on robotic milking. Automatic milkingsystems (AMS) have demonstrated that cows can be milked with minimal human oversight orintervention. An AMS is not just substituting a piece of technology (a robot) for an existing repetitivejob. The organization and management of a dairy farm with an AMS must be developed tocompliment the strengths and weaknesses of the robot. Important items include, barn layout,feeding strategies, management strategies, sanitation, barn labor routines and cow handling.Successful systems must be designed and operated to accommodate the needs of the cow, theabilities of the robot and to assure milk quality.
Production of G0 ‘Median' Potato Seeds by Stolons Induction Through Pruning, Nitrogen and Cytokinin Application

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Background and Objective: The use of pruning, nitrogen and cytokinin application to regulate plant growth and yield.The induction of stolon in potato plants is aimed to increase the number of tubers.The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of pruning, cytokinin and nitrogen application on stolon induction, growth and yield of G0 potato tuber (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv.Median in the medium-altitude land.Materials and Methods: This study was carried out at the screenhouse of Rancabango village, Tarogong Kaler Subdistrict, Garut District, West Java Province, Indonesia (700 m above sea levels).This study is arranged in split-plot design, with 2 factors, 12 combination treatments and 3 replications.The 1st factor was the pruning (P) consisted of 3 levels, i.e., no pruning (P0), pruned at 20 DAP (P1), pruned at 30 DAP (P2).The 2nd factor was the cytokinin and nitrogen application (H) that consisted of 4 levels, i.e., control (H0), 50 ppm cytokinin (H1), 100% nitrogen ZA (H2), 50 ppm cytokinin+100% nitrogen ZA (H3).Results: The results showed that there was an interaction effect between pruning, nitrogen and cytokinin on growth variables, such as leaf area, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate and production variables, such as number of stolons, percentage of stolons, number of tubers per plant, tuber weight per plant and plant dry weight.Conclusion: Pruning at 30 DAP combined with cytokinin and nitrogen application produced the best result, for about 9.33 tubers per plant.