jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms Underlying Resistance to FLT3 Inhibitors in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

FLT3-ITD and FLT3-TKD mutations were observed in approximately 20 and 10% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases, respectively. FLT3 inhibitors such as midostaurin, gilteritinib and quizartinib show excellent response rates in patients with FLT3-mutated AML, but its duration of response may not be sufficient yet. The majority of cases gain secondary resistance either by on-target and off-target abnormalities. On-target mutations (i.e., FLT3-TKD) such as D835Y keep the TK domain in its active form, abrogating pharmacodynamics of type II FLT3 inhibitors (e.g., midostaurin and quizartinib). Second generation type I inhibitors such as gilteritinib are consistently active against FLT3-TKD as well as FLT3-ITD. However, a “gatekeeper” mutation F691L shows universal resistance to all currently available FLT3 inhibitors. Off-target abnormalities are consisted with a variety of somatic mutations such as NRAS, AXL and PIM1 that bypass or reinforce FLT3 signaling. Off-target mutations can occur just in the primary FLT3-mutated clone or be gained by the evolution of other clones. A small number of cases show primary resistance by an FL-dependent, FGF2-dependent, and stromal CYP3A4-mediated manner. To overcome these mechanisms, the development of novel agents such as covalently-coupling FLT3 inhibitor FF-10101 and the investigation of combination therapy with different class agents are now ongoing. Along with novel agents, gene sequencing may improve clinical approaches by detecting additional targetable mutations and determining individual patterns of clonal evolution.
A case of ovarian leiomyoma treated with laparoscopic mass excision

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Primary ovarian leiomyoma is a rare tumor, accounting for only 0.5%-1% of benign ovarian neoplasms.About 80 cases have been reported in the literature worldwide to date.Most cases are asymptomatic and usually found incidentally in routine gynecologic workup, during surgery, or at autopsy.Ovarian leiomyoma is diffi cult to be differentiated from other ovarian benign and malignant neoplasms, particularly from large ovarian solid tumors.It is important to consider ovary-preserving surgery as the fi rst treatment modality in patients of reproductive age after excluding the possibility of malignancy, given that 80% of ovarian leiomyomas occur in premenopausal women and the size of the mass is larger in younger patients.Here we report a case of ovarian leiomyoma in a 38-year-old female patient who underwent laparoscopic excision of left ovarian mass and uterine myomectomy.
Impact of Training Patterns on Injury Incidences in 12 Swiss Army Basic Military Training Schools

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Non-battle injury rates are a major health problem in the armed forces today. Injury rates are related to physical demands of daily military routine. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of different physical training patterns on incidences of injuries in 12 Swiss Army basic military training schools. Therefore, injury data of 1,676 voluntary participant recruits and objective sensor data on physical demands of 50 volunteers at each of 12 trainings schools were assembled. Multiple linear regression showed that high physical demands, decreasing development of distances covered on foot, monotony in weekly physical demands, little time spent on sport-related physical training, and little time for night rest were significant risk factors for injuries. Together, those variables describe 98.8% of the variances of total injury incidence rate between military training schools. The new method used to objectively assess training demands allowed this study to investigate the impact of training patterns on injury incidence in a large number of training schools. The results of this study are important for future interventions to reduce injury incidence rates in a military setting by quantifying the injury risk potential of a large number of training patterns.
Recent Advances in Blast-Furnace Technology

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

THE greatest single advance in blast-furnace technology \nin recent years has been the recognition that blast-furnace operations can be improved upon by proper process-engineering analysis.The blast-furnace is a moving packed-bed reactor in which the iron-bearing material is dried, heated, reduced, melted, and partly refined. Simultane-ously, heat and reducing gases are produced in the tuyere \nzone by burning coke with preheated blast air.
MANAGING MIXED-ABILITY CLASSROOMS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

One of the challenges commonly confronted by many teachers all over the world is the effective management of mixed-ability classrooms. Mixed-ability classes are found in every educational institution, irrespective of its location and type. Teachers must not treat the whole class as a uniform group of the same abilities. All students have their own way of learning. It becomes problematic when the teacher does not recognize the necessity for a novel approach to manage the mixed-ability classroom. Research has proved that teachers must employ a multitude of strategies in mixed-ability classes. The teacher’s positive attitude, efficient lesson planning, differentiation in teaching, use of technology, student-centered activities, increasing learners’ autonomy, continuous discussions and feedback, pair work, group work, and positive relationship between teachers and students can pave the path for an effective management of the mixed-ability classes.
LHD TESPEL-CCD #92819.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Tracer-Encapsulated Solid Pellet(TESPEL) is a double-layered impurity pellet, which basically consists of polystyrene polymer (-CH(C6H5)CH2-) as an outer shell and tracer particles as a core. TESPEL can be utilized for various physics-oriented experiments, e.g. impurity injection for the perturbative impurity transport, induction of a cold pulse propagation.
Jobs-housing balance and commute efficiency in cities of central and western China:A case study of Xi'an

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Jobs-housing balance is an inevitable topic and even strategy in most urban plans and policies aimed at reducing car dependence, increasing public transportation's attractiveness and/or improving quality of life. Existing studies of jobs-housing balance have rarely focused on developing cities, in particular, those in central and western China. This manuscript proposes that there are six groups of factors affecting jobs-housing balance, which notably influence commute efficiency. Those factors exert different impacts on jobs- housing balance in cities at different development stages. There is need to single out specific factors influencing developing cities' jobs-housing balance so as to better improve their jobs-housing balance and commute efficiency. Improved jobs- housing balance and commute efficiency should help the developing cities gain advantages in terms of attracting and keeping talented workers and increasing their competitiveness in traffic mobility, quality of life and sustainability. Based on 59,967 samples of the 2011 Xi'an City- Wide Household Travel Survey, this paper investigates the commute efficiency, jobs- housing balance and excess commute in Xi'an. It also compares relevant indictors of Xi'an with those in other Chinese and international cities whenever possible. It finds that Xi'an has a shorter actual average commuting distance and higher commute efficiency than most other cities that have been studied in existing literature. Average commuting distance in Xi'an is found to be negatively correlated to jobs-resident ratio and total number of employment. Danwei compounds in the city still have decent jobs- housing balance and commuting efficiency but this pattern is changing.
Studies on organoleptic evaluation in mango (Mangifera indica L.) germplasm

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present investigation entitled "Studies on organoleptic evaluation in mango (Mangifera indica L.) germplasm" was carried out during the period 2022-23 at Mango Research Station, Nuzvid, Eluru District, Andhra Pradesh. In the present study, none of the genotypes recorded maximum peel colour and appearance score compared to the check Banaganapalle (9.65), which was maximum among the checks. Four genotypes viz., I-1 (9.71), C-13 (9.68), D-13 (9.63) and F-16 (9.61) recorded more pulp colour and appearance score than the check Banaganapalle (9.56) which was maximum among the checks. Among the genotypes evaluated, seven genotypes viz., G-28 (9.92), F-16 (9.85), B-9 (9.78), F-10 (9.76), H-32 (9.74), E-6 (9.72) and D-12 (9.65) recorded higher score for pulp texture than the best check Banaganapalle (9.64). Among the genotypes evaluated only one genotype viz., E-2 (9.47) recorded significantly highest score for pulp taste and flavour compared to the best check Chinnarasam (9.04). None of the genotypes recorded maximum score for overall acceptability of fruit compared to the check Banaganapalle (9.35), which was maximum among the checks.
Bio-mimetic trajectory generation of robots via artificial potential field with time base generator

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a new trajectory generationmethod that allows full control of transient behavior, namely,time-to-target and velocity profile, based on the artificial potentialfield approach for a real-time motion planning problem of robots.Little attention, in fact, has been paid to the temporal aspects ofthis class of path planning methods. The ability to control themotion time to the target as well as the velocity profile of thegenerated trajectories, however, is of great interest in real-lifeapplications. In the paper, we argue that such transient behaviorshould be taken into account within the framework of the artificialpotential field approach.
Abstract 4874: Incidental gallbladder cancer: Best step forward

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: There is a rising trend of Incidental Gall Bladder Cancer (IGBC) with increase in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of further management (completion surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy) in IGBC in terms of long-term survival (> 5 years).Material and Method: Clinic-pathological and survival data of 145 IGBC patients was analysed from a prospectively maintained database of GBC. Patients investigated with triple phase CT abdomen and if required PET-CT. Diagnostic laparoscopy with Completion extended cholecystectomy performed in patients amenable for resection. Adjuvant therapy consisted of gemcitabine and cisplatin. Patients followed up with OPD visits and telephonic enquiry.Results: 864 patients of GBC were treated during the period of January 1989 to December 2012. Out of these 145 patients were IGBC [113 women (77%), median age; 52 years)]. 96 patients were detected on histopathology while 49 were diagnosed intra-operatively. Open cholecystectomy was done in 88, laparoscopic in 45 while 12 underwent laparoscopic converted to open cholecystectomy. Commonest T stage was T3 (n=71). All patients were re-evaluated after diagnosis of IGBC. 80 patients (55%) were taken up for surgery of which, 50 (62.5%) underwent completion extended cholecystectomy (rest had metastases or locally advanced unresectable disease). Median time interval between index surgeries to re-exploration was 35 days (0-250). It was longer in patients who could not undergo completion extended cholecystectomy (70 days vs. 49 days). Overall 5-year survival in pT1b, pT2 and pT3 stage was 49.5%, 36.1% and 8.4% respectively, but was considerably better in patients who underwent completion extended cholecystectomy compared with those who did not undergo re-surgery [pT1; 62.5% vs. 29.1%, pT2; 52.2% vs. 15.9%, pT3; 22.6% vs. 7.2%, p<0.001]. Prognostic factors associated with poor prognosis were higher T stage, R1 resection, bile spillage during index surgery, no completion surgery and residual disease on re-exploration on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis factors portending poor prognosis were higher T stage, R1 resection and residual disease.Conclusion: Early recognition, early completion radical surgery and adjuvant therapy lends considerable survival benefit to patients of incidental carcinoma gall bladder. Residual disease and R1 resection portends a poorer survival. High index of suspicion should be kept in patients with thick walled GB to avoid missing a malignancy at index surgery.Citation Format: Saurabh Galodha, Puneet Mahajan. Incidental gallbladder cancer: Best step forward [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4874.
EPA-0285 – Mortality of psychiatric inpatients diagnosed with delirium from 1995 through 2012

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Delirium is an acute disorder of attention and cognition with a fluctuating course caused by physiological abnormalities. The syndrome is common, serious, under-recognised, and can be fatal. There are very few studies concerning mortality of delirious patients in psychiatric departments, just as there is a lack of literature on delirium in psychiatric patients in general. To determine the psychiatric co-morbidity profile of Danish psychiatric inpatients diagnosed with delirium, and to analyse the standardized mortality rate ratio and predictors of mortality in the same patients from 1995 through 2012. All first time-ever diagnoses of delirium among psychiatric inpatients were identified in the nationwide Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register (DPCRR) from 1995 through 2012. The delirium diagnoses include 1) delirium unspecified, 2) delirium in dementia, and 3) delirium drugrelated, all in accordance with ICD-10. The mortality rates were age-standardized and the statistical analyses performed with STATA 12. A total of 7,246 persons diagnosed with delirium was identified in the DPCRR between 1995 and 2012. Dementia was present in 7% before a diagnosis of unspecified delirium, and about one sixth was diagnosed with dementia after the episode of delirium. A dementia-diagnose before, co-occurring, and after delirium in dementia was seen in 39.8%, 61.9%, and 54.5% respectively. Drug-related delirium co-occurred most often with another substance-use related disorder. Sedatives or hypnotics cover the majority of substance use at the time of drug-related delirium. Further analyses are presently in progress. In progress.
A study towards correcting student misconceptions related to the color issue in light unit with POE technique

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract In this study, the answers to the questions; “What are the misconceptions primary school students have in Colors issue in Optics unit in Science & Technology course” and “How to remove them?” have been sought. The aim of the study is to detect student misconception related to the concept of ‘color’ and to correct them by applying a Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) material. POE (Prediction-Observation-Explanation) technique was chosen as detecting and removing means of misconceptions. In the study a CAI material, which is suitable for the application of observation steps of POE technique, was developed and worksheets were prepared for Prediction and Observation steps. The Sample of the study was composed of ten 6th grade primary school students. Open ended quesitons were used in worksheets. The student resposes were analyzed in a qualitative point of view and it was examined that to what extend the detected misconceptions could be corrected.
Neurologic disease induced by polytropic murine retroviruses: neurovirulence determined by efficiency of spread to microglial cells

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Several murine leukemia viruses (MuLV) induce neurologic disease in susceptible mice. To identify features of central nervous system (CNS) infection that correlate with neurovirulence, we compared two neurovirulent MuLV, Fr98 and Fr98/SE, with a nonneurovirulent MuLV, Fr54. All three viruses utilize the polytropic receptor and are coisogenic, each containing a different envelope gene within a common genetic background. Both Fr98 and Fr98/SE induce a clinical neurologic disease characterized by hyperexcitability and ataxia yet differ in incubation period, 16 to 30 and 30 to 60 days, respectively. Fr54 infects the CNS but fails to induce clinical signs of neurologic disease. In this study, we compared the histopathology, regional virus distribution, and cell tropism in the brain, as well as the relative CNS viral burdens. All three viruses induced similar histopathologic effects, characterized by intense reactive astrogliosis and microglial activation associated with minimal vacuolar degeneration. The infected target cells for each virus consisted primarily of endothelial and microglial cells, with rare oligodendrocytes. Infection localized predominantly in white matter tracts of the cerebellum, internal capsule, and corpus callosum. The only feature that correlated with relative neurovirulence was viral burden as measured by both viral CA protein expression in cerebellar homogenates and quantification of infected cells. Interestingly, Fr54 (nonneurovirulent) and Fr98/SE (slow disease) had similar viral burdens at 3 weeks postinoculation, suggesting that they entered the brain with comparable efficiencies. However, spread of Fr98/SE within the brain thereafter exceeded that of Fr54, reaching levels of viral burden comparable to that seen for Fr98 (rapid disease) at 3 weeks. These results suggest that the determinants of neurovirulence in the envelope gene may influence the efficiency of virus spread within the brain and that a critical number of infected cells may be required for induction of clinical neurologic disease.
Solve the IRP problem with an improved discrete differential evolution algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The inventory -routing problem is a NP hard problem. It is difficult to find the optimal solution in polynomial time. Many scholars have studied it in many years. This paper analyses the inventory-routing optimisation problem, and comprehensive differential evolution algorithm is good performance in solving combinatorial optimisation problems. The differential evolution algorithm was improved to make it be suitable for solving discrete combination optimisation problems. In order to improve the performance of the differential evolution algorithm to solve the inventory routing problem, this paper puts forward dynamic adjustment of mutation factor and crossover factor of the differential evolution. It is proved by numerical experiments that the proposed algorithm has certain performance advantages, and it also proves that the improved algorithm can improve the performance of the algorithm by dynamic adjustment of the mutation factor and crossover factor.
Repopulation of the Atrophied Uterine in Diabetic Rats by Azadirachta excelsa Leaves Extract

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The reduction of uterine strength is always a concern in diabetic women. Therefore the mechanism of Azadirachta excelsa for repairing the uterus structure in diabetic rats has been investigated. Twenty four Sprague dawley rats were divided into four groups which received different treatments for two weeks. Alloxan monohydrate at concentrations of 130 mg/kg of body weight was used to induce diabetes on rat model. On day 15 of treatment, after 8 hours of fast, all animals were scarified by decapitation. Blood were withdrawn for HbA1c and insulin analysis and uterine were harvested for histological study. Administration of plant extract was significantly reduced the precentage of HbA1c in diabetic rats by 6.58%. Otherwise, the concentration of plasma insulin in diabetic rats treated with plant extract was increased significantly. Microscopic observation was found that A.excelsa able to reduce atrophy and increase the proliferation of stromal cells in diabetic rats. These findings suggest that A.excelsa can potentially be developed as an alternative agent to normalize the distribution of stromal cells is an indicator towards improving the fertility in infertile and diabetic women.
Changed pattern of physical activity and energy expenditure among mid-pregnancy women during China's COVID-19 lockdown: A cross-sectional study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study examines the physical activity (PA) patterns and energy expenditure of Chinese pregnant women during the COVID-19 lockdown, their influencing factors, and explores potential improvement strategies. A survey using the Chinese version of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) was conducted among 610 women in their second trimester. It compared their PA patterns and energy expenditure during the lockdown with pre-pandemic levels. Factors influencing PA were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and regression. Although aware of PA benefits, respondents overestimated their PA levels during lockdown, showing significantly lower PA and energy expenditure than before pregnancy, primarily in housework and caregiving activities. Average energy expenditure was 34.3 MET-hrs/wk. Influential factors included concerns about miscarriage/preterm birth, parity, pre-pregnancy exercise habits, and family opposition. The lockdown notably decreased PA patterns and energy expenditure in mid-pregnancy, highlighting a gap between perception and practice. Activities were mainly sedentary to light-intensity. Influencing factors suggest the need for targeted health education and support. Implementing adaptive strategies, personalized antenatal care, effective health education, family engagement, and digital health tools could enhance PA during restrictive periods like lockdowns.
The practical aspects of implementation of the thrust allocation procedure for a multi-propulsor underwater robot

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This article addresses the practical aspects of the synthesis of an automatic control system for the thrust allocation strategy in the propulsion system of an unmanned underwater vehicle. The vehicle under consideration is a robot submarine equipped with a multi-propulsion system providing four degrees of freedom of movement. The power distribution algorithms are based on limited optimisation methods that allow the determination, on the basis of generalised torques and forces, of how much thrust is required to be produced by individual propulsors. Considering the issue of power distribution as a task of square and linear programming, two algorithms of thrust allocation were proposed and compared. The conducted model tests made it possible to evaluate their quality and efficiency in relation to speed and computational complexity.
Nanoporous structure characteristics of carbon materials for supercapacitors. Limited evaporation technique

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The nanoporous structures of activated carbons and carbide derived carbons are investigated via the adsorption limited-evaporation method. Electrochemical properties of these structures used in the models of supercapacitors are analyzed. It has been found that porous structure parameters correlate with the specific characteristics of supercapacitors based on the mentioned materials.