jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Crustal deformation associated with great subduction earthquakes

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The slip behaviour of subduction faults and the viscoelastic rheology of Earth’s mantle govern crustal deformation throughout the subduction earthquake cycle. This Ph.D. dissertation presents research results on two topics: (1) coseismic and postseismic slip of the shallowest segment of subduction faults and (2) postseismic deformation following great subduction earthquakes controlled by mantle viscoelasticity. \nTopic 1: Slip behaviour of the shallowest subduction faults. By modelling high-resolution cross-trench bathymetry surveys before and after the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-oki earthquake, we determine the magnitude and distribution of coseismic slip over the most near-trench 40 km of the Japan Trench megathrust. The inferred > 60 m average slip and a gentle increase by 5 m towards the trench over this distance indicate moderate degree of net coseismic weakening of the shallow fault. Using near-trench seafloor and sub-seafloor fluid pressure variations as strain indicators in conjunction with land-based geodetic measurements, we determine coseismic-slip and afterslip distributions of the 2012 Mw 7.6 Costa Rica earthquake. Here, trench-breaching slip similar to the Tohoku-oki rupture did not occur during the earthquake, but afterslip extended to the trench axis and reached ~0.7 m over 1.3 years after the earthquake, exhibiting a velocity-strengthening behaviour. These two contrasting examples bracket a possibly wide range of slip behaviour of the shallow megathrust. They help us understand why large tsunamis are generated by some but not all subduction earthquakes. \nTopic 2: Postseismic deformation following great subduction earthquakes. Due to the asymmetry of megathrust rupture, with the upper plate undergoing greater coseismic tension than the incoming plate, viscoelastic stress relaxation causes the trench and land areas to move in opposite, opposing directions immediately after the earthquake. Seafloor geodetic measurements following the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake, modelled in this work, provided the first direct observational evidence for this effect. Systematic modelling studies in this work suggest that such viscoelastic opposing motion should be common to all Mw ≥ 8 subduction earthquakes. As the effect of viscoelastic relaxation decays with time and the effect of fault relocking becomes increasingly dominant, the dividing boundary of the opposing motion continues to migrate away from the rupture area. Comparative studies of ten 8 ≤ Mw ≤ 9.5 subduction earthquakes in this dissertation quantifies the primary role of earthquake size in controlling the “speed” of the evolution of this deformation. Larger earthquakes are followed by longer-lived opposing motion that affects a broader region of the upper plate.
Scaffolding soft‐skill development into a two‐semester undergraduate laboratory course

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have designed a two semester sequence of biochemistry labs that provides each biochemistry major a research experience studying the structure‐function relationship of a model enzyme. During this two semester sequence, students master a set of technical skills and develop proficiency in the soft skills that will allow them to thrive in their post‐graduate careers. A firm grasp of the structure‐function paradigm is a central tenet for students within biomolecular science programs. Critically, students need to understand that any molecular model is built on a preponderance of data from overlapping experiments. Allowing students to develop their own data and models requires that a coordinated experiential learning component accompanies lecture content. In addition to studying the structure‐function relationship, the labs also develop many of the top ten soft skills sought after by employers and graduate schools, including data analysis and interpretation, experimental design, teamwork, collaboration, and oral and written communication. This high impact research embedded course progression can implement almost any biological system, provided meaningful data can be generated during a typical lab time. We have found that a two semester approach is critical to adequately prepare students for an independent research project. By using teams of students and building on previous years of data collection, we have been able to reinforce the collaborative nature within science, while generating publication quality results. To force students to consider the big picture of their work we have found it critical that students present formally and informally throughout the course. This heuristic laboratory course has been designed to provide the undergraduate biochemistry students a high impact research experience, while emphasizing soft skills. Our course‐based undergraduate research approach could be adapted to any number of systems. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Enhancing interoperability and capacity building: cooperative approach of the Indian Navy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

India perceives itself as a net security provider and a balancer of power in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). This has resulted in the emergence of the Indian Navy (IN) as an important actor in the implementation of India’s foreign policy that embraces a holistic approach towards maritime security cooperation and capacity building. Having overcome its Cold War era isolationistic profile, the IN has expanded its maritime outreach in the IOR and beyond the region. Given that India is perceived as a benign power this has proved to be a strategic advantage in favor of India. The prime driver of increasing role of IN is to counter Chinese moves in the IOR following New Delhi’s discomfort and apprehension with China. To address this, the IN has been conducting regular joint exercises for enhancing interoperability, largesse towards weapon inventory, port visits and coordinated patrols, and assistance. In addition, the IN follows a cooperative approach for sharing of security-related technology. In this manner, the IN has successfully furthered India’s foreign policy objectives while achieving its maritime and strategic aims.
National trends in coronary intensive care unit admissions, resource utilization, and outcomes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that coronary intensive care units are evolving into intensive care environments with an increasing burden of non-cardiovascular illness, but previous studies have been limited to older populations or single center experiences. Methods: Canadian national health-care data was used to identify all patients ≥18 years admitted to dedicated coronary intensive care units (2005–2015) and admissions were categorized as primary cardiac or non-cardiac. The outcomes of interest included longitudinal trends in admission diagnoses, critical care therapies, and all-cause in-hospital mortality. Results: Among the 373,992 patients admitted to a coronary intensive care unit, minimal changes in the proportion of patients admitted with a primary cardiac (88.2% to 86.9%; p&lt;0.001) and non-cardiac diagnoses (11.8% to 13.1%; p&lt;0.001) were observed. Among cardiac admissions, a temporal increase in the proportion of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (19.4% to 24.1%, p&lt;0.001), non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (14.6% to 16.2%, p&lt;0.001), heart failure (7.3% to 8.4%, p&lt;0.001), shock (4.9% to 5.7%, p&lt;0.001), and decline in unstable angina (4.9% to 4.0%, p&lt;0.001) and stable coronary diseases (21.3% to 12.4%, p&lt;0.001) was observed. The proportion of patients requiring critical care therapies (57.8% to 63.5%, p&lt;0.001) including mechanical ventilation (9.6% to 13.1%, p&lt;0.001) increased. In-hospital mortality rates for patients with primary cardiac (4.9% to 4.4%; adjusted odds ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.63–0.79) and non-cardiac (17.8% to 16.1%; adjusted odds ratio 0.84, 0.73–0.97) declined; results were consistent when stratified by academic vs community hospital, and by the presence of on-site percutaneous coronary intervention. Conclusion: In a national dataset we observed a changing case-mix among patients admitted to a coronary intensive care unit, though the proportion of patients with a primary cardiac diagnosis remained stable. There was an increase in clinical acuity highlighted by critical care therapies, but in-hospital mortality rates for both primary cardiac and non-cardiac conditions declined across all hospitals. Our findings confirm the changing coronary intensive care unit case-mix and have implications for future coronary intensive care unit training and staffing.
Estimation of postseismic deformation parameters from continuous GPS data in northern Sumatra after the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Continuous global positioning system (GPS) in northern Sumatra detected signal of the ongoing physical process of postseismic deformation after the M9.2 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake. We analyze the characteristics of postseismic deformation of the 2004 earthquake based on GPS networks operated by BIG, and the others named AGNeSS, and SuGAr networks located in northern Sumatra. We use a simple analytical logarithmic and exponential function to evaluate the postseismic deformation parameters of the 2004 earthquake. We find that GPS data in northern Sumatra during time periods of 2005–2012 are fit better using the logarithmic function with τlog of 104.2 ± 0.1 than using the exponential function. Our result clearly indicates that other physical mechanisms of postseismic deformation should be taken into account rather than a single physical mechanism of afterslip only.
Unicast in hypercubes with large number of faulty nodes

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Unicast in computer/communication networks is a one-to-one communication between a source node s and a destination node t. We propose three algorithms which find a nonfaulty routing path between s and t for unicast in the hypercube with a large number of faulty nodes. Given the n-dimensional hypercube H/sub n/ and a set F of faulty nodes, node u/spl epsiv/ H/sub n/ is called k-safe if u has at least k nonfaulty neighbors. The H/sub n/ is called k-safe if every node of H/sub n/ is k-safe. It has been known that for 0/spl les/k/spl les/n/2, a k-safe H/sub n/ is connected if |F|/spl les/2/sup k/(n-k)-1. Our first algorithm finds a nonfaulty path of length at most d(s,t)+4 in O(n) time for unicast between 1-safe s and t in the H/sub n/ with |F|/spl les/2n-3, where d(s,t) is the distance between s and t. The second algorithm finds a nonfaulty path of length at most d(s,t)+6 in O(n) time for unicast in the 2-safe H/sub n/ with |F|/spl les/4n-9. The third algorithm finds a nonfaulty path of length at most d(s,t)+O(k/sup 2/) in time O(|F|+n) for unicast in the k-safe H/sub n/ with |F|/spl les/2/sup k/(n-k)-1 (0/spl les/k/spl les/n/2). The time complexities of the algorithms are optimal. We show that in the worst case, the length of the nonfaulty path between s and t in a k-safe H/sub n/ with |F|/spl les/2/sup k/(n-k)-1 is at least d(s,t)+2(k+1) for 0/spl les/k/spl les/n/2. This implies that the path lengths found by the algorithms for unicast in the 1-safe and 2-safe hypercubes are optimal.
Tertullian the African

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Frameworks for Re-Reading Tertullian 1.1 A Postcolonial Re-reading of Tertullian Any discussion of the life and identities of Tertullian encounters problems regarding a lack of data both from within Tertullian's own works and from secondary witnesses.No ancient source claims that Tertullian was martyred, and therefore, no Acta of Tertullian has been written like the many that are extant from martyrs of Tertullian's era. 1 The first Christian Vita was not written until after the death of Tertullian's theological successor, Cyprian of Carthage in 258, leaving no work that claims to be an eyewitness account of Tertullian's life. 2 The first Confessiones of a Christian would not be written until Augustine, and Tertullian only supplies fleeting references to himself in his own tracts.Scholars, therefore, must attempt to piece together scanty autobiographical allusions found in Tertullian's writings, and they must rely on the abbreviated references to Tertullian by a few later authors.At the end of the nineteenth century, European scholars were asserting an outline of Tertullian's life; Otto Bardenhewer, for example, presents a synopsis: Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus was born, it is usually believed, about the year 160 at Carthage, where his father was serving as a centurion (centurio proconsularis) in the service of the proconsul of Africa.He received an excellent academic training and probably entered upon the career of an advocate.There are in the Pandects some excerpts from the writings of a jurist Tertullian (Quaestionum libri viii, De castrensi peculio) whom many historians are inclined to identify with our ecclesiastical writer.About 193, certainly before 197, he became a Christian, was ordained also a priest according to St. Jerome, and began a long literary career in the service of the new faith.About midway in his life (ca.202) he openly joined the sect of the Montanists, and began to attack the Catholic Church with a violence scarcely inferior to that which he had manifested against heathenism.Within the Montanist fold he founded a special sect known as Tertullianists.He is said to have lived to a very advanced age. 3 1 See Herbert Musurillo, ed. and trans.,The Acts of the Christian Martyrs, (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972). 2 See Pontius the Deacon, Vita Cypriani.
Desire, Individual and Society Sequence Analysis of Trapped in the room scene in In the Mood for Love

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

By the early 1990s, Hong Kong had become the third wealthiest Asian territory. As the worlds freest market, Hong Kong experienced the realities of early and late capitalism simultaneously at that time. The anxiety of the individuals were raised in that unstable society, Hong Kong cinema reflects the crisis of Hong Kong itself from 1990s to the 2000s. This paper aims to explore the interactive relations between individual desire and a Chinese-British hybrid society in the 1990s through Wong Kar-wais In the Mood for Love (2000).
Sustainability and Livelihood Diversification among the Maasai of Northern Tanzania

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Maasai people in East Africa are attempting to craft new sustainable livelihoods in response to increasing population pressure, a fluctuating livestock population, reductions in grazing areas, and a modernization process that places increased emphasis on a monetary economy. The adoption of cultivation by pastoral Maasai living in northern Tanzania over the last 40 years has been the most significant step in this livelihood diversification. The rapid social and economic changes that have accompanied diversification have challenged current attempts to integrate people into conservation efforts, especially in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area and the newly proposed Wildlife Management Areas of Tanzania. This paper examines the addition of agriculture to the livestock-based economy of Maasai people in northern Tanzania, how this relates to the literature on sustainable livelihoods, and the implications for conservation policy.
AN ANALYSIS OF LAW REGULATING VULNERABILITY OF SENSITIVE PERSONAL DATA TO PHISHING IN INDIA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the era of information technology data privacy is has become sacrosanct to individual privacy. Technology being dual edged sword can be misused to harm internet privacy. Phishing an online offence is similar to and is derived from word fishing in real world where offender sends mails (hook) to victims (bait) who think it is genuine mail and relies on it.
Dr. John H. Watson and the subclavian steal

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

THE WOUND our hero, John H. Watson, MD, sustained in "the fatal battle of Maiwand" was described succinctly by him as follows: There I was struck on the shoulder by a Jezzail bullet which shattered the bone and grazed the subclavian artery (A Study in Scarlet). Unfortunately at a later time he wrote that the bullet had entered his leg: ... and the jezzail bullet which I had brought back in one of my limbs as a relic of my Afghan campaign throbbed with dull persistency (Adventure of the Noble Bachelor). There appears, then, some doubt in Dr. Watson's mind as to the exact portion of the body the bullet penetrated. Several imaginative and talented Sherlockian writers have been quick to take advantage of his lapse of memory, and it has even been suggested that the bullet was actually lodged in the gluteus maximus muscle. I have never believed this,
Geology of Mount Diablo and Vicinity

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

INTRODUCTION GENERAL STATEMENT Mount Diablo is located at the north end of the Mount Diablo Range, which is the central group of the Coast Ranges. It stands between the great central valley of California and the Pacific Coast adjacent to San Francisco. Rising thus from near sea level to an elevation of 3,849 feet, it is in view from the eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the Golden Gate and is a reference land mark for central and northern California. Mount Diablo proper is an ovate mass of metamorphic and igneous rocks, fifteen square miles in area, protruding through the center of a great anticlinal fold fifty miles long. Cretaceous and Tertiary sedimentary rocks in the flanks of the anticline make parallel ridges of erosion 1,500 to 2,000 feet high on the northeast and southwest sides of the mountain. Surveys of Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary sedimentary rocks of . . .
An online educational and supportive care application for rectal cancer survivors with low anterior resection syndrome: A mixed methods pilot study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim Restorative proctectomy is commonly associated with significant bowel dysfunction, known as low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), which has a negative impact on patients' quality of life. We developed an online patient‐centred application on LARS (eLARS) for rectal cancer survivors. The primary objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of eLARS for rectal cancer survivors with LARS following restorative proctectomy. The secondary objective was to explore participants' experiences with LARS and the eLARS application. Methods This was a mixed methods study, which included a feasibility and qualitative analysis. Participants were rectal cancer survivors who underwent restorative proctectomy for rectal cancer within 3 years, completed all adjuvant treatment, and suffered from bowel dysfunction postoperatively. Participants were given access to the application over a 2‐month study period. Feasibility was defined as 75% of study participants using the application ≥4 times per month. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with participants after the study period and were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Our sample included eight rectal cancer survivors, five women and three men. The median age was 58.5 years (56.5–64.5). Most participants (75%) were >1‐year post‐restorative proctectomy. 75% of study participants used the application ≥4 times per month for 2 months. Our thematic analysis revealed that participants felt that they lacked access to credible information and emotional support around the time of ileostomy closure, and found that eLARS addressed these challenges. Conclusion eLARS is a feasible educational and supportive care intervention for patients with LARS and has the potential to improve patients' quality of life.
The Monarchy, the Estates and the Aristocracy in Renaissance France

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Professor Major's aim in these articles has been to stimulate new assessments of the political, constitutional and social history of France in the 15th - 17th centuries. The first group examines the nature of the Renaissance monarchy, its strengths and its weaknesses and lack of effective controls. The next group explores the issue of why the Estates General, and some of the provincial estates, failed to develop in France, in marked contrast to the triumph of representative government in England. Finally, the author turns to the question of how the nobles succeeded in remaining the dominant social class. On the one hand, he traces the evolution of a patron-client relationship which compensated for the decay of the feudal ties of the Middle Ages; on the other, he challenges assumptions made of a decline in nobles' incomes, and contends that, so long as they held on to their lands and could escape the depredations of war, for most of the period they actually benefited from a marked increase in real income.
Strategic Marketing of Higher Education in Africa

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Strategic Marketing of Higher Education in Africa explores higher education marketing themes along the lines of understanding higher education markets, university branding and international marketing strategies, digital marketing and student choice-making. \n \nThe Higher Education landscape around the world is changing. There is global competition for students’ enrolments, Universities are competing within their home market as well as in the international market and as Government funding for public universities is reducing there is pressure on universities to seek additional income by increasing their student enrolment. African universities are not an exception in this competitive market. This book is unique in providing a composite overview of strategic marketing and brand communications of higher education institutions in Africa. It recognises that there is a growing need for Universities to understand the stakeholders and develop strategies on how best to engage with them effectively. Highlighting the unique characteristics, nature and the different challenges of African universities, this book explores the marketisation strategies of African universities, with focus on the strategic digital marketing and brand management. \n \nThe book provides significant theoretical and marketing practice implications for academics, higher-education administrators and practitioners on how best to market higher education in Africa and reach out to prospective students. International practitioners aiming to market to Africans and start a partnership with an African university will also find this relevant in understanding the dynamics of the African market.
Primary in vitro antibody responses by purified murine B lymphocytes in serum-free defined medium.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract A serum-free medium formulation that allows a primary in vitro antibody response to the nonmitogenic thymic independent antigen TNP-AECM-Ficoll is described. Purified murine B lymphocytes and adherent accessory cells are required for optimal specific responses as well as for optimal B cell survival. The medium is based on Iscove's modification of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and Ham's F-12 nutrient mixture. The serum-replacing components are insulin, transferrin, and progesterone. The survival of unstimulated murine T cells in this Iscove/F12 medium is poor, but B cells survive for relatively long periods of time. This medium should prove useful in defining the molecular requirements for B lymphocyte activation by antigen.