jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Company Value in Banking Study Case: Indonesia Stock Exchange

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study aims to test and analyse the factors that affect firm value in banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2022 period. This research method is quantitative research using secondary data financial statements as a source of data collection. The sampling technique used is Purposive Sampling. With a total sample size of 55 (fifty luma). Data analysis techniques with Classical Assumption Test, F Test and t test using SPSS.V27 Software. The results of this study are Profitability has a positive and significant effect. Liquidity has an effect and is not significant to the Company's Value. Company Growth has a significant effect on Firm Value and Capital Structure has an effect on firm value. This proves that theoretically the value of the company is determined by profitability, company growth and capital structure.
IDDF2021-ABS-0164 Gut feelings in depression: microbiota dysbiosis in response to antidepressants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background

Antidepressants are a lifesaver for many people worldwide, regardless of their age or gender. Antidepressant therapy has been the choice for patients with depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia. The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a bidirectional pathway illustrating the communication between the brain and the gut microbiota and vice versa. Many studies have demonstrated the establishing of gut dysbiosis status in major depressive disorder. Meanwhile, the impact of antidepressant treatments on gut microbiota composition remains underexplored. Interestingly, several classes of antidepressants drugs, including monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), exhibit antibacterial activities. Hence, this systematic review explores the impact of antidepressants on gut microbiota and potential strategies to alleviate antidepressant-associated dysbiosis.

Methods

This systematic review was conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines. Predefined MeSH terms 'antidepressants AND gut microbiome'; 'antidepressants AND antimicrobial activity' were used in three databases (Pubmed, Embase, ProQuest; from database inception to June 2021). Studies reporting on the gut microbiota variation and antidepressants action were included. Studies without antidepressants and/or gut microbiome data were excluded, including conference proceedings, reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and commentaries.

Results

According to the study's inclusion criteria, twelve studies out of 300 articles were selected for the qualitative analysis. In the in-vivo studies, animals administrated with SSRIs had a decreased abundance of Firmicutes, Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, Adlercreutzia, Turicibacter, and alpha diversity but an increase in Prevotella, Parabacteroides, Butyricimonas, and Alistipes. Besides, antidepressants were shown to exhibit significant in vitro antimicrobial activity against Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium animalis, and Bacteroides fragilis, suggesting that the chronic use of antidepressants potentially causes adverse effects due to their antimicrobial effects and dysbiosis (IDDF2021-ABS-0164 Figure 1. Illustration of gut microbiota dysbiosis in response to antidepressants). Probiotics, prebiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation are shown to be promising strategies to ameliorate antidepressant-associated dysbiosis.

Conclusions

Understanding the interaction between antidepressants and gut microbiota, including dysbiosis as a consequence of treatment and potential side effects, is vital for the future development of better and personalized treatment. Supplementing the gut microbiome with prebiotics/probiotics could be an adjuvant treatment to improve the clinical efficacy of the current antidepressant therapies.
Theoretical analysis of divergence in mean fitness between initially identical populations

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Initially identical populations in identical environments may subsequently diverge from one another not only via the effects of genetic drift on neutral alleles, but also by selection on beneficial alleles that arise stochastically by mutation. In the simple case of one locus with two alleles in a haploid organism, a full range of combinations of population sizes, selection pressures, mutation rates and fixation probabilities reveals two qualitatively distinct dynamics of divergence among such initially identical populations. We define a non-dimensional parameter k that describes conditions for the occurrence of these different dynamics. One dynamic (k > 1) occurs when beneficial mutations are sufficiently common that substitutions within the populations are essentially simultaneous; the other dynamic (k < 1) occurs when beneficial mutations are so rare that substitutions are likely to occur as isolated events. If there are more than two alleles, or multiple loci, divergence among the populations can be sustained indefinitely if k < 1. The parameter k pertains to the nature of biological evolution and its tendency to be gradual or punctuated.
Scale setting from a combination of lattice QCD formulations with Wilson and Wilson twisted mass valence quarks

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We report about an update of a scale setting procedure employing a mixed action setup consisting of $N_f=2+1$ flavors of $\mathcal{O}(a)$-improved Wilson sea quarks, based on CLS ensembles, and Wilson twisted mass valence quarks at maximal twist. We employ as external input isoQCD masses and decay constants of pions and kaons, and use the gradient flow scale $t_0$ as an intermediate scale. The analysis includes ensembles in the vicinity of the physical point and five values of the lattice spacing down to $a\approx0.038$ fm. The determination of $t_0$ is carried out using three approaches: the unitary setup where Wilson quarks are used in the sea and valence sectors, the mixed action setup with Wilson twisted mass valence quarks, and by combining the data from the two previous cases. We observe that this combination leads to an improved control over the systematic uncertainties.
Transfers from home to facility-based dialysis: comparisons of HHD, assisted PD and autonomous PD

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Background Home dialysis therapies such as peritoneal dialysis (PD) and home hemodialysis (HHD) are beneficial for quality of life and patient empowerment. The short technique survival time partly explains their low prevalence. We aimed to assess the risk of transfer to facility-based hemodialysis in patients treated with autonomous PD, assisted PD and HHD. Methods This was a retrospective study using data from the REIN registry of patients starting home dialysis in France from 2002 to 2019. The risks of transfer to facility-based hemodialysis (HD) were compared between three modalities of home dialysis (HHD, nurse-assisted PD, autonomous PD) using survival models with a propensity score (PS)-matched and unmatched cohort of patients. Results The study included 17 909 patients: 628 in the HHD group, 10 214 in the autonomous PD group, and 7067 in the assisted PD group. During the follow-up period, there were 5347 transfers to facility-based HD. The observed number of transfers was 2458 (13.7%) at 1 year and 5069 (28.3) at 5 years after the start of home dialysis, including 3272 (32%) on autonomous PD, 1648 (23.3%) on assisted PD, and 149 (23.7) on HHD. Owing to clinical characteristics differences, only 38% of HHD patients could be matched to patients from the others group. In the PS-matched cohort, the adjusted Cox model showed no difference in the risk of transfer for assisted PD (cs-HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.75–1.44) or HHD (cs-HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.77–1.48) compared with autonomous PD. Conclusions Unlike results from other countries, where nurse assistance is not fully available for PD-associated care, there was no difference in technique survival between autonomous PD, nurse-assisted PD, and HHD in France. This discrepancy may be attributed to our inclusion of a broader spectrum of patients who derive significant benefits from assisted PD.
Preparation of konjaku acid milk

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This article studied effects of the properties of moruphallus konjaku flour immersed by alcohol and the addition of milk flour to konjaku acid milk and the optimal formula of that. The result indicated that the properties of konjaku flour immersed by alcohol in aspect of solubility, viscosity and antimicrobial activity is better than that of konjaku flour. Konjaku flour to water with a ratio of about one to fifty can produce a homogeneous sticky colloid. The optimum formula was determined that milk powder 10.0%, suger 6.0%, lactic acid 1.3%, konjaku flour 0.3%.
Simulation of constraints by compliant joints

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Application of models of compliant (flexible) joints instead of constraint equations for systems with closed-loop kinematic chains is considered; this makes it possible to replace differential-algebraic motion equations by stiff ordinary differential equations. For substantiation of this replacement, methods of analysis of singularly perturbed equations are used. Examples of mathematical models of compliant joints and expressions for approximate Jacobian matrices corresponding to these force interactions are given. Numerical solutions of direct and inverse dynamics equations for a number of controlled mechanisms are used for testing the method and its program realization.
Young Children's Acquisition of Alphabet Knowledge

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study documented children's acquisition of the following critical aspects of alphabet knowledge: letter recitation, naming, printing, and association of letters with sounds and words. These skills were tested for the entire set of upper- and lowercase letters in 188 children whose ages ranged from 2 1/2 to 7 1/2 years. Performance improved with age, at different rates for the different tasks, and the tasks were all highly correlated with one another. The children performed better on upper- than lowercase letters, and there were no sex differences in alphabet acquisition. Rank order correlations showed the degree to which letter difficulty was consistent across the age groups and across the various alphabet tasks.
SHOCK ABSORBER FOR PARACHUTED LOAD,

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A shock absorber is proposed, which is primarily designed for parachute airdropping of barrels of fluid. The invention is distinguished by the fact that the load is protected at the moment of landing by a bearing made of wood or other elastic material, attached by means of a band. The center of the spherical surface of the bearing is placed above the center of gravity of the vessel. (Author)
Evaluation of the benefit and use of the new terminology in endometrial cytology reporting system

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective The introduction and establishment of a new classification system for endometrial cytology, the “New Terminology in Endometrial Cytology (NTEMC) system,” which is based on the Bethesda System for uterine cervical cytology, has recently been reported. However, the clinical management for new categories in the NTEMC system, particularly atypical endometrial cells (ATEC), has not been clarified. The objective of the present study is to determine how the ATEC category should be treated and whether the introduction of the system has decreased the number of unnecessary endometrial biopsies. Methods Fifty‐nine cases were diagnosed as “suspicious positive” according to the three‐tier reporting (TTR) system, which was adopted in Japan. The specimens were re‐evaluated according to the NTEMC system. Thirty‐seven of the 59 patients underwent endometrial biopsy. We correlated the pathological diagnosis with the NTEMC system category. Results The 59 cases were classified according to the NTEMC system as follows: 36 cases were classified as ATEC of undetermined significance (ATEC‐US), 21 cases were classified as ATEC for which atypical endometrial hyperplasia or worse cannot be excluded (ATEC‐A), and 2 cases were classified as endometrial hyperplasia. The ratio of atypical endometrial hyperplasia or malignancy in ATEC‐US category was significantly lower than that in ATEC‐A category. Fifteen cases in ATEC‐US category did not show atypical endometrial hyperplasia lesions or malignancy after 3 months. Conclusions These data suggest that patients with ATEC‐US results can be followed up for at least three months, and the introduction of the NTEMC system decreased the number of unnecessary endometrial biopsies.
Photocrystallography – design and methodology for the use of a light-emitting diode device

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

With the increase in interest in photocrystallographic experiments, the use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) provides an alternative, low-budget light source (by comparison to lasers) and allows photocrystallographic experiments to be carried out readily. Here the design of an LED array device suitable for use in single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments is reported, and the experimental methodology used for determining the structures of metastable species is described.
Non-segmental conditioning of sibilant variation in American English

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Variation, both between and within speakers, is ubiquitous in language.Examining and understanding this variation is crucial not only to questions of sociolinguistics and sound change but also to the study of prosody and phonology more broadly.The present study contributes to the literature on interand intra-speaker variation in speech production, examining the phonetic realization of prevocalic /s/ in American English using recordings from a longitudinal phonetic corpus of oral arguments before the Supreme Court of the United States.Specifically, this study examines the role of non-segmental factors conditioning the observed variation, focusing on prosodic prominence, segment duration, phonological contrast and lexical frequency.Significant effects for segment duration, speakers' average /sh/ centroid frequency and word position were observed, with higher centroid frequency values observed in instances of /s/ with a longer relative duration, in word-initial positions, or for speakers with a higher mean /sh/ centroid frequency.There was also significant individual variation in the effects of duration, prosodic prominence and phonological contrast.These results provide further evidence for place of articulation contrast strengthening in prominent positions with novel evidence for place of articulation contrast strengthening in sibilants.
Spectral and Timing Properties of the Low-mass X-ray Binary 4U 0614+09 with XMM-Newton

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

4U 0614+09 is a low-mass X-ray binary with a weakly magnetized neutron star primary. It shows variability on time scales that range from years down to ~0.8 milliseconds. Before the Chandra and XMM-Newton era, emission features around 0.7 keV have been reported from this source, but recent Chandra observations failed to detect them. Instead, these observations suggest an overabundance of Ne in the absorbing material, which may be common to ultracompact (P_{orb} \simless 1 hour) systems with a neon-rich degenerate dwarf secondary. We observed 4U 0614+09 with XMM-Newton in March 2001. Here we present the energy spectra, both from the RGS and EPIC cameras, and the Fourier power spectra from EPIC high-time resolution light curves, which we use to characterize the spectral state of the source.
Rainfall Potential and Consequences on Structural Soil Degradation of the Most Important Agricultural Region of Mexico

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This study investigates the historical variability in annual average precipitation in the northwest region of Mexico, aiming to evaluate the cumulative impact of precipitation on soil degradation and associated risks posed by rainfall. Despite being known as “The Agricultural Heart of Mexico”, the region’s soil has experienced significant damage to its granulometric structure due to unpredictable rainfall patterns attributed to climate change. Sixteen historical series of average annual rainfall were analyzed as stationary stochastic processes for spectral analysis. The results revealed exponential decay curves in each radial spectrum, indicating a linear relationship between frequency and amplitude. These curves identified initial impulses correlated with moments of severity for structural damages caused by rainfall-induced degradation. The degradation process, exacerbated by water stress, accelerates, as evidenced by maps illustrating approximately 75% soil damage. In the context of climate change and the uncertainty surrounding soil responses to extreme meteorological events, understanding this phenomenon becomes crucial. Recognizing the dynamic nature of soil responses to environmental stressors is essential for effective soil management. Emphasizing the need to employ numerical processes tailored to new environmental considerations related to observed soil damages is crucial for sustainable soil management practices in any region.
Application of LW7 marker for identification of progenies with male sterility gene in sweet sorghum population

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The objectives of this study were to verify the use of LW7 marker in identifying maintainer lines (B-lines) and restorer lines (R-lines) in grain sorghum and sweet sorghum, and to identify B-lines in the F2, BC1F2 and BC2F2 generations. Twenty five accessions of sorghum were evaluated, and LW7 marker correctly identified accessions which presented male sterility gene (rf4) in Suphan Buri1 and 03B cultivars; moreover, these genotypes did not show 779 bp band. The cross between Suphan Buri1 and a male-sterile line (A-line) 03A resulted in a sterilized male, confirming the usefulness of the marker in breeding programs. B-lines in the F2, BC1F2 and BC2F2 generations were identified by LW7 marker. The segregation ratio of 3:1 for male fertility and male sterility in the progenies of the three generations supported the one-gene model of Mendelian segregation. The use of marker assisted selection was successful for line development of sweet sorghum with male sterility.
Expressions and evaluation of CXCL1 and CXCL2 in lung tissue of ARDS mice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective
To investigate the expression changes of CXCL1 and CXCL2 in the lung tissue of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) mice, and to explore the roles of CXCL1 and CXCL2 in ARDS mice.

Methods
42 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal control group, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) tracheal instillation for 15 minutes, 30 minutes, six hours, 24 hours, three days, and seven days groups, with six mice in each group.HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of lung tissue, and the lung injury score was calculated.The mRNA expression levels of CXCL1 and CXCL2 in lung tissues were detected by RT-PCR, and the levels of CXCL1 and CXCL2 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The number of neutrophils in BALF was calculated.

Results
Compared with the normal control group, the alveolar and interstitial tissue structure of ARDS mice were disappeared and filled with inflammatory cells.The lung injury score of ARDS mice was increased and reached the highest level at the 3rd day.The levels of CXCL1 and CXCL2 mRNA in lung tissues of ARDS mice were significantly increased, and respectively reached a peak at 30 minutes and six hours after LPS instillation.Simultaneously, the levels of CXCL1 and CXCL2 in BALF of ARDS mice were significantly increased, and the change trends were consistent with mRNA levels in lung tissues.Besides, the number of neutrophils in the BALF of ARDS mice was significantly increased.

Conclusions
The number of neutrophils and the expressions of CXCL1 and CXCL2 in the LPS-induced ARDS mice all show a similar hump-like rise with time, which indicates that neutrophil chemotactic factors play an important role in the formation and development of ARDS inflammatory injury.

Key words:
Acute respiratory distress syndrome; Chemokine CXCL1; Chemokine CXCL2; Neutrophil infiltration
A unique three-enzyme cascade mediates efficient regioselective and stereospecific epoxytetrahydrofuran ring formation in deoxyverrucosidin biosynthesis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A catalytic cascade consisting of a flavin-containing monooxygenase, an epoxide expandase, and a cytochrome P450 enzyme is responsible for the construction of an epoxytetrahydrofuran ring system.
A new anthracycline antibiotic, cosmocarcin A.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

During the screening for new antitumor antibiotics,1' 2)we found that a new strain, Streptomyces cosmosus TMF518, produced some anthracyclines.We isolated three compounds from its culture broth, two of which were identical with ditrisarubicins A and B,3) and the remaining one which we namedcosmocarcin A turned out to be a new antibiotic.
Nanovaccines Mediated Subcutis‐to‐Intestine Cascade for Improved Protection against Intestinal Infections

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Parenteral vaccines typically can prime systemic humoral immune response, but with limited effects on cellular and mucosal immunity. Here, a subcutis‐to‐intestine cascade for navigating nanovaccines to address this limitation is proposed. This five‐step cascade includes lymph nodes targeting, uptaken by dendritic cells (DCs), cross‐presentation of antigens, increasing CCR9 expression on DCs, and driving CD103 + DCs to mesenteric lymph nodes, in short, the LUCID cascade. Specifically, mesoporous silica nanoparticles are encapsulated with antigen and adjuvant toll‐like receptor 9 agonist cytosine‐phosphate‐guanine oligodeoxynucleotides, and further coated by a lipid bilayer containing all‐trans retinoic acid. The fabricated nanovaccines efficiently process the LUCID cascade to dramatically augment cellular and mucosal immune responses. Importantly, after being vaccinated with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium antigen‐loaded nanovaccine, the mice generate protective immunity against challenge of S. Typhimurium . These findings reveal the efficacy of nanovaccines mediated subcutis‐to‐intestine cascade in simultaneously activating cellular and mucosal immune responses against mucosal infections.
Auger emission from the Coulomb explosion of helium nanoplasmas

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The long-time correlated decay dynamics of strong-field exposed helium nanodroplets is studied by means of photoelectron spectroscopy. As a result of the adiabatic expansion of the laser-produced, fully inner-ionized nanoplasma, delocalized electrons in the deep confining mean field potential are shifted towards the vacuum level. Meanwhile, part of the electrons localize in bound levels of the helium ions. The simple hydrogenlike electronic structure of He+ results in clear signatures in the experimentally observed photoelectron spectra, which can be traced back to bound-free and bound-bound transitions. Auger electron emission takes place as a result of the transfer of transition energy to weakly bound electrons in the quasifree electron band. Hence, the spatial and temporal development of the nanoplasma cloud is encoded in the experimental spectra, whereas the electronic properties of He+ help resolve the different contributions.