jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Inverted &ldquo;p-i-n&rdquo; structure perovskite solar cells

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In recent years, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been dramatically elevated from 3.8% to 21.0%.This remarkable progress is closely associated with the specific photoelectrical properties of perovskite light absorbers, such as appropriate and direct band gap, low excition binding energy, high molar extinction coefficient, and specific dipolar charge transfer property.However, there have been some challenging issues of stability and hysteresis, which should be urgently addressed for high efficiency photovoltaic devices.In this short overview, we combine the latest evolution on PSCs device structures in the world and our research progress on inverted p-i-n structure solar cells, and try to clarify some intrinsic difference among structures and some general principle to design high performance PSCs with high stability and eliminated hysteresis.The current status of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS) and nickel oxide (NiO) p-type hole transport layer have been specially summarized.
On the Bishop–Phelps–Bollobás theorem for operators and numerical radius

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study the Bishop–Phelps–Bollobás property for numerical radius (for short, BPBp-$\textrm {nu}$) of operators on $\ell _1$-sums and $\ell _\infty $-sums of Banach spaces. More precisely, we introduce a property of Banach spaces, which we call strongly l
POLYMER-REPAIRED REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS. INJECTION AND IMPREGNATION

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The report deals with the repair of reinforced concrete beams by injection and vacuum impregnation with different polymers. The beams were loaded to fracture after the repairs and an evaluation showed that both methods restore the bearing capacity of the structure. The choice of method depends on the nature of damage, the design of the structure and the result required. (TRRL)
Metropolitan integration in Poland: the case of Poznań Metropolis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The political and socio-economic transition in Poland brought many spatial problems, including dynamic processes of suburbanization around the bigger cities, which require metropolitan-wide approach. But the national metropolitan reform process is still in an initial stage, and the only form of integrated governance in urban areas is provided by some bottom-up initiatives based on the cooperation of local governments. While the experience of ‘top-down’ approach to metropolitan region building in Poland is too short and incomplete in context of its impact on territorial polarization at the national level, the ‘bottom-up’ initiatives of local governments for metropolitan integration are key instruments to more balanced development and territorial cohesion within the metropolitan areas. In terms of metropolitan integration, the case study – Poznań Metropolis – is one of the most interesting examples for an evolutionary way from informal to legally binding institutional arrangements of urban–suburban cooperation.
Crime Control and Police-Community Relations: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Tokyo, Japan, and Santa Ana, California

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Japan has the lowest crime rates in the industrialized world. Some of the reasons have to do with the lack of different, conflicting population groups; relative economic equality; racial homogeneity; pressure for individual conformity; and resilience of traditional values. But another reason appears to be community-based policing with grass-roots accountability. In the United States, many police resist and resent neighbor-based accountability, fearing at times that citizens will begin to tell them what to do. An exception is in Santa Ana, California, which, since the 1970s, has cut crime rates in half through proactive, rather than reactive, community-based policing, in which relations with citizens are much like those in Japan. Although cross-cultural transfer of crime-reduction strategies must be carried out with caution, there does appear to be potential for further successful adaptation of Japanese-type police-community partnerships in American cities.
Melioidosis in a child with nephrotic syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei , presents with a wide range of clinical manifestations. We report the case of an 8-year-old boy with nephrotic syndrome in remission, presenting with high-grade fever and painful limb swellings. Initial investigations revealed mild leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in urine culture. Despite treatment, fever persisted until blood cultures identified B . pseudomallei . Antibiotics were upgraded to meropenem and doxycycline. Following abscess drainage and adjusted therapy, the patient stabilized. This case highlights the importance of considering melioidosis in pediatric patients with persistent fever and abscesses in endemic areas.
Control of Diamondback Moth, Imported Cabbageworm, and Cabbage Looper on Cabbage, 1986

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Cabbage was transplanted on 19 Jun at the Vegetable Research Farm near Geneva, NY. Plots consisted of 2 10 ft rows on 36 inch centers with 16 inch plant spacing. Treatments were replicated 4 times in an RCB design. A 2 row tractor-mounted boom, having 3 nozzles/row and delivering 35 gal/acre at 50 psi, was used to apply a single application of each treatment. Treatments were applied on 22 Sep and evaluated 29 Sep. Evaluations were made by randomly selecting 2 plants/plot, removing all leaves, and counting larval populations.
Promoting diversity and equity in science: a call for triple-blind review in medical journals

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Promoting diversity and equity in science: a call for triple-blind review in medical journals Get access Alain Putot Alain Putot Unité de Post Urgences Gériatriques, CHU Sud Réunion, 97410 Saint Pierre, Réunion, FranceLaboratoire Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie Cérébro-Cardiovasculaire—EA7460, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France email: alain.putot@chu-dijon.fr https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4408-554X Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, Volume 116, Issue 5, May 2023, Page 399, https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcac115 Published: 02 May 2022 Article history Received: 25 April 2022 Published: 02 May 2022 Corrected and typeset: 11 May 2022
Time-resolved metabolomics analysis of β-cells implicates the pentose phosphate pathway in the control of insulin release

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Insulin secretion is coupled with changes in β-cell metabolism. To define this process, 195 putative metabolites, mitochondrial respiration, NADP+, NADPH and insulin secretion were measured within 15 min of stimulation of clonal INS-1 832/13 β-cells with glucose. Rapid responses in the major metabolic pathways of glucose occurred, involving several previously suggested metabolic coupling factors. The complexity of metabolite changes observed disagreed with the concept of one single metabolite controlling insulin secretion. The complex alterations in metabolite levels suggest that a coupling signal should reflect large parts of the β-cell metabolic response. This was fulfilled by the NADPH/NADP+ ratio, which was elevated (8-fold; P&lt;0.01) at 6 min after glucose stimulation. The NADPH/NADP+ ratio paralleled an increase in ribose 5-phosphate (&gt;2.5-fold; P&lt;0.001). Inhibition of the pentose phosphate pathway by trans-dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) suppressed ribose 5-phosphate levels and production of reduced glutathione, as well as insulin secretion in INS-1 832/13 β-cells and rat islets without affecting ATP production. Metabolite profiling of rat islets confirmed the glucose-induced rise in ribose 5-phosphate, which was prevented by DHEA. These findings implicate the pentose phosphate pathway, and support a role for NADPH and glutathione, in β-cell stimulus-secretion coupling.
Studies on the Sporogenous Lineage in the Moss Timmiella barbuloides IX. Development of the Tapetum

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The ultrastructure of tapetal cells in Timmiela barbuloides was investigated in relation to events of sporogenesis. After their establishment both internally and externally to the sporogonial initials, tapetal cells enlarge and assume a permanently polarized organization after completion of meiosis. A large vacuole is formed in the cell region distal to the spore sac, the nucleus becomes centrally located, and amyloplasts lie in the cytoplasm adjacent to the spore sac. An extensive endomembrane system develops in tapetal cells during the stage of exine deposition in spore tetrads. Sheets of rough endoplasmic reticulum develop first around the nucleus then also in close proximity to the plasma membrane abutting the spore sac. Concomitantly, intervening dictyosomes produce a variety of vesicles. Unusual structures with vesicle-like profiles also occur in the inner tapetum cell walls abutting the spore sac. At the same time most of the starch is lost from the plastids in which grana-fretwork systems develop. A massive secretion of extremely electron-opaque material is associated with perine deposition onto the free spore surfaces. Degeneration of the tapetal cells during the terminal stages of spore maturation is marked by distortion of the organelles, increase in vacuolation and the appearance of electron-opaque material between the sheets of endoplasmic reticulum.
Demand Analysis of Water Resources Based on Pulse Process of Complex System

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we examine the demand for fresh water of China in 2025 from the complex system modeling perspective and we develop an efficient, economical and practical water strategy to meet the demand for fresh water in 2025.Different from previous research, this study focus on studying several factors that can influence the demand for fresh water, and their interplay within the complex large-scale system. We construct the Directed Graph Model and the Impulse Process Model to study the complex system in a qualitatively way. After that, on the basis of qualitative study, we study the whole system quantitatively by using the Leontief Inverse Matrix. And draw an effective, feasible, and cost-efficient water strategy, namely, adjusting the relation between seawater desalination and the water protection.
After the Glory: The Struggle of Black Civil War Veterans

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Book Review| July 01 2005 After the Glory: The Struggle of Black Civil War Veterans After the Glory: The Struggle of Black Civil War Veterans, Donald R. Shaffer. Gregory Mixon Gregory Mixon Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of American Ethnic History (2005) 24 (4): 104–105. https://doi.org/10.2307/27501637 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Gregory Mixon; After the Glory: The Struggle of Black Civil War Veterans. Journal of American Ethnic History 1 January 2005; 24 (4): 104–105. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/27501637 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressJournal of American Ethnic History Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 2004 Immigration and Ethnic History Society2004 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Could Multiple Sclerosis Develop due to Epstein Barr Virus Infections Causing a Time-Delayed Transcriptional-Activation of Human Endogenous Retroviruses?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The underlying cause of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not fully understood. However, it is known that Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infections pre-date the development of the disease. Here I explore whether the underlying cause of Multiple Sclerosis can be explained by an inappropriate intra-cellular transcriptional response to the integration of the EBV in the genome of neural cells. Such a re-programming is proposed to lead to the transcriptional activation of other dormant viruses, human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), followed by the “auto-immune” response and inflammation observed in the brain of MS patients?
Use of Dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing ambulatory anesthesia: a narrative review

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a potent alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist with a high degree of selectivity. Its pharmacologic effects include sedation, anxiolysis, analgesia, sympatholysis, opioid-sparing properties and preservation of respiratory function, making it suitable for sedation and analgesia throughout the perioperative period. Ambulatory anesthesia concerns all patients who require anesthesia for a procedure or surgery without requiring an overnight hospital stay. In this setting and due to its properties, DEX may be beneficial. The aim of this narrative review is to draw a picture of the potential indications for the use of DEX in current outpatient practice. Materials and methods: PubMed and Embase were searched for relevant articles from January 1, 2008, to January 31, 2023. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported the use of DEX in adults or children receiving any type of anesthesia for outpatient procedures. Results: After screening the literature according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria, 104 studies were retained for the final analysis. Conclusion: The currently available literature supports the safety and efficacy of DEX in ambulatory anesthesia. Its use as premedication, as an anesthetic adjunct to general and regional anesthesia, and as a postoperative analgesic has demonstrated its benefits. Its use in children has shown great interest, especially in the prevention of emergence delirium. These advantages must be weighed against several disadvantages of DEX administration, such as potentially prolonged induction and recovery times, high price, and lack of a reversal agent. In the ambulatory care setting, the use of DEX must be done under the supervision of a professional who knows the advantages and disadvantages of the molecule in this context, and patients should be informed of post-procedure safety measures to follow after hospital discharge.
Conductive Hearing Loss in the Hyp Mouse Model of X-Linked Hypophosphatemia Is Accompanied by Hypomineralization of the Auditory Ossicles

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a hereditary musculoskeletal disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the PHEX gene. In XLH, increased circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels cause renal phosphate wasting and low concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, leading to an early clinical manifestation of rickets. Importantly, hearing loss is commonly observed in XLH patients. We present here data from two XLH patients with marked conductive hearing loss. To decipher the underlying pathophysiology of hearing loss in XLH, we utilized the Hyp mouse model of XLH and measured auditory brain stem responses (ABRs) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) to functionally assess hearing. As evidenced by the increased ABR/DPOAE threshold shifts in the mid-frequency range, these measurements indicated a predominantly conductive hearing loss in Hyp mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Therefore, we carried out an in-depth histomorphometric and scanning electron microscopic analysis of the auditory ossicles. Quantitative backscattered electron imaging (qBEI) indicated a severe hypomineralization of the ossicles in Hyp mice, evidenced by lower calcium content (CaMean) and higher void volume (ie, porosity) compared to WT mice. Histologically, voids correlated with unmineralized bone (ie, osteoid), and the osteoid volume per bone volume (OV/BV) was markedly higher in Hyp mice than WT mice. The density of osteocyte lacunae was lower in Hyp mice than in WT mice, whereas osteocyte lacunae were enlarged. Taken together, our findings highlight the importance of ossicular mineralization for hearing conduction and point toward the potential benefit of improving mineralization to prevent hearing loss in XLH. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease and Other Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT

In a majority of ants, a newly mated queen independently founds a colony and claustrally raises her first brood without foraging outside the nest. During claustral independent colony foundation (ICF) in several ants, the esophagus of the founding queen expands and develops into a thoracic crop, which is then filled with a liquid substrate for larval feeding. It has been suggested that these substrates are converted from her body reserves (e.g., histolyzed flight muscles) or redistributed from a gastral crop. Here, we examined thoracic crop development in Lasius japonicus during claustral ICF. The foundresses claustrally fed their larvae from week 2 to 5 after ICF onset, and the first worker emerged at week 6. The development proceeded as follows: in week 0, foundress dorsal esophagus wall was pleated and thickened. Then, from week 2 to 5, the esophagus expanded dorsally toward where flight muscles had been present, following flight muscle histolysis. Gastral crop expansion followed esophagus expansion. Thus, thoracic crop formation may be spatiotemporally coordinated with flight muscle histolysis in Lasius japonicus queens, and similar developmental regulations might be common in other claustral ICF ants.
IV. Die persönliche Haftung des filius familias

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The Personal Liability of the filius familas. According to the predominant view, classical Roman law allowed a filius familias to enter into an obligation and to be sued by his creditors, but it allowed no execution against a filius familias while he remained in the potestas of the pater familias. This paper critically examines the arguments on which this view is based; its author pleads for taking into account the possibility of an execution on the person of the filius familias.
Communications: Clinical Evaluation of Formalin, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Sodium Chloride for the Treatment ofSaprolegnia parasiticaon Fall Chinook Salmon Eggs

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract The effectiveness of formalin, hydrogen peroxide, and salt (NaCI) in controlling fungal infections on eggs of fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) was evaluated under hatchery conditions. The clinical trial involved the treatment of eggs exposed to Saprolegnia parasitica with daily 15-min treatments of either 500 ppm or 1,000 ppm formalin, 500 ppm or 1,000 ppm hydrogen peroxide, and 15,000 ppm or 30,000 ppm salt (NaCI) solutions. Formalin and hydrogen peroxide at concentrations of either 500 ppm and 1,000 ppm appeared effective in controlling fungal infections on eggs. Salt solution at a concentration of 15,000 ppm failed to effectively control fungal infections. Although salt solution at a concentration of 30,000 ppm controlled fungal infection, the large quantity of salt required to treat eggs over the 35-d incubation period, coupled with an apparent increase in egg mortality, may render 30,000 ppm salt impractical for current hatchery operations. Both hydrogen peroxide and formalin at concentrations of 500 ppm and 1,000 ppm appear to be effective alternatives to the standard hatchery practice of treating eggs with formalin at a concentration of 1,667 ppm.
First Real-Time Data Recovery for SynchroneusQPSK Transmission with Standard DFB Lasers

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

For the first time, synchronous quadrature phase-shift keying data is recovered in real-time after transmission with standard distributed feedback lasers using a digital inphase and quadrature receiver. Forward-error-correction-compatible performance is reached at 800 Mb/s after 63 km of fiber. Self-homodyne operation with an external cavity laser is error-free
CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF BROILER CHICKENS FED GINGER, GARLIC AND MIXTURE OF GINGER AND GARLIC POWDER

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was conducted to examine the effect of ginger and garlic meal on the carcass characteristics of the broiler chicken. The carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed ginger, garlic and mixture of ginger and garlic powder was done at the end of the feeding trial. The one hundred and eighty (180) day-old broiler chicks was purchased from a reputable hatchery in South/West, Nigeria were used in the experiment. A total of 16 chickens was harvest, 4 from each 4 treatment were used for the experiment. The design of the experiments was completely randomized design (CRD). With T1 as the control, T2 Ginger, T3 Garlic and T4 Combination of Ginger and Garlic. Most of the carcass characteristics were in favour (p<0.05) of broilers fed T4 but closely followed by broilers fed T3 and T2. It is therefore recommended that T4 mixture of ginger and garlic powder could be included in their diet at 1:1 when combined, should be used for feeding broilers for good carcass yield) among others, to enhance the carcass characteristics of broiler chicken.
A method of color filter array interpolation with alias cancellation properties

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Digital still cameras use a single charge-coupled device (CCD) sensor array and a color filter array (CFA) to sample a full-color image. Thus, the measured image is an interleaving of the subsampled red, green, and blue images. The red and blue images are sampled at a lower rate, so if standard interpolation techniques are used, the reconstructed red and blue images will be missing some high-frequency information and could contain distortions from aliasing. This paper proposes a method of CFA interpolation that combines information from the green image with the subsampled red and blue images to attack these problems. The green high-frequency information is added to the interpolated red and blue images to increase the sharpness of the output and is also used to estimate the aliasing in the interpolated red and blue images, providing a means of reducing the appearance of the aliasing distortions.
The Posterolateral Corner: Explanations and Outcomes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In this review, we examine the current understanding of posterolateral corner (PLC) injuries and treatment methods. We discuss the anatomy of the major structures of the PLC and the biomechanics of how these structures function together as a unit. The diagnosis using physical examination, radiographs, and magnetic resonance imaging is discussed. The development of an anatomic reconstruction technique is then described, along with the surgical technique and rehabilitation protocols. Anatomic-based reconstruction methods and a regimented rehabilitation protocol better restore the native biomechanics of the knee, and improve subjective and objective outcomes at follow-up.