jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Relationship/Association of Triglyceride and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease: Is Triglyceride Really a Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Worldwide, the major cause of mortality and morbidity is coronary artery disease (CAD). In the pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerosis, lipid and its metabolites play an important role. The aim of the study was to find out the association of triglyceride (TG) level on the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). In this cross-sectional study, 431 patients with ischemic heart disease were enrolled after taking informed written consent. TG level were categorized into normal (< 150 mg/dl), borderline (150-199 mg/dl) and high (³200 mg/dl). Patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) were stratified according to TG level. Severity of CAD was assessed by the Gensini score. Most of the patients (33.4%) belonged to the age group 51–60 years. The mean age was 51.31±10.30 years. The majority (74.5%) of patients were male. Among risk factors, 205 (47.6%) patients were smokers, followed by hypertension 190 (44.1%) and diabetes mellitus 175 (40.5%). The association of TG with the whole spectrum of IHD was found statistically significant (p < 0.05). Moderate to severe CAD was found to be higher in the high TG level group compared with the other groups and was statistically significant. University Heart Journal 2022; 18(2): 101-105
Matrix Extension and Compactly Supported Multi-wavelet

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

An n×r matrix P(z) , n≤r ,with Laurent polynomial entries in one complex variable z,can be extended to a paraunitary matrix, and when n≥3 paraunitary extending isn't unique.The algorithm can be applied to the construction of compactly supported wavelets and prewavelets from multiresolutions generated by serveral univariate scaling functions with an arbitrary dilation parpmeter.Finally,the corresponding examples are given.
Equivariant cyclic homology for quantum groups

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We define equivariant periodic cyclic homology for bornological quantum groups. Generalizing corresponding results from the group case, we show that the theory is homotopy invariant, stable and satisfies excision in both variables. Along the way we prove Radfords formula for the antipode of a bornological quantum group. Moreover we discuss anti-Yetter-Drinfeld modules and establish an analogue of the Takesaki-Takai duality theorem in the setting of bornological quantum groups.
Educators’ Perspectives on the Impact of COVID-19 on Early Childhood Education Level in Indonesia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted education, including early childhood education level. Since then, The Indonesian government has asked educational institutions to apply learning from home. Schools all over the country are closed. Changes in the way to teach and learn certainly have an impact. The study aims to consider the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the educational process on early childhood education level in Indonesia based on Educator perspectives. Research data were obtained based on a survey and a semi-structured interview with 61 kindergarten educators. All participants were from Indonesia. Data were collected from April-June 2021. Data analysis used thematic analysis of qualitative data. The result revealed four themes: Educators competency Impact, Effect on parents/family, effect on School Management, and effect on educators’ finances.
The Martian ionosphere in light of the Viking observations

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A theoretical model has been constructed in which the ion density and the ion and electron temperature distributions are calculated by solving the coupled continuity‐momentum equations and the coupled energy equations. The latest experimental results from the Viking 1 and 2 landers are used to vary some of the parameters in the model in order to obtain agreement between the theoretical and experimental results. It is found that solar EUV radiation alone is not able to maintain the observed high ion temperatures. It was also established that the energy coupling between the electron and ion gas is insufficient to account for the measured ion temperatures even in the presence of very large electron temperatures. Direct heat input to the ion gas, probably due to solar wind‐ionosphere interactions, can result in ion temperature values in reasonable agreement with the observations. The ion densities calculated with the present model agree well with the Viking observations in the chemically controlled region, but at higher altitudes, dynamic transport processes need to be invoked to achieve consistency among the observed and calculated temperature and density values.
Analisis Ijtihad ʻAbdullah Bin ʻAbbās pada Masalah ‘Aul dan Radd dalam Fikih Mawārīṡ

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The aim of this research is to analyze the ijtihad (jurisprudential reasoning) of ʻAbdullah bin ʻAbbās regarding the issues of ‘Aul and Radd within the context of Islamic inheritance law (fikih mawāriṡ). This study employs a literature review method (library research) with a normative juridical approach, seeking legal sources through evidence from the Qur’an, the sayings of the Prophet Muhammad (hadith), and the opinions of scholars. The findings of the research indicate that the concept of ‘Aul serves as a mechanism to adjust inheritance portions when the total specified in the Qur’anic verses exceeds the actual available estate. On the other hand, the concept of Radd involves distributing the surplus of the estate to specific heirs after the primary distribution. ʻAbdullah bin ʻAbbās's ijtihad rejects the application of ‘Aul, arguing that adjusting inheritance portions is unnecessary based on his interpretation of Qur’anic verses. Regarding Radd, he opines that the surplus should not be given to spouses and grandmothers due to kinship reasons. His stance against ‘Aul does not guarantee fairness in inheritance distribution, a fundamental principle in Islamic law, unlike Radd which ensures a fair distribution and upholds the rights of specified heirs as prescribed by Shariah. Excluding grandmothers from receiving Radd inheritance is seen as inadequate in considering the principles of justice and balance in Islamic inheritance law, as grandmothers are among the heirs of aṣḥāb al-furūḍ through familial ties, distinct from spouses who inherit through marital relations. This research aims to contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field of Islamic inheritance law (Fikih Mawārīṡ) and serve as a reference for future studies.
https://www.bignewsnetwork.com/news/271129529/exodus-effect-is-this-book-really-effective-or-a-scam--price-benefits-complaints-and-review

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

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Social Survival Skill Masyarakat Rentan Bencana (Pasca Gempa Bumi Sulawesi Tengah Tahun 2018)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

AbstractIndonesian territory is vulnerable to disasters, especially earthquakes. This is due to its position in the meeting of the three main plates of the world. This disaster hazard should be directly proportional to disaster preparedness. Disaster alertness is not only limited to post-disaster logistical capabilities. But also the Social Survival Skill of the community. The ability to maintain social survival in the aftermath of a disaster tends to be neglected in disaster preparedness. The vulnerability of chaotic conditions after disasters is often forgotten. So it is deemed necessary to prepare the ability to maintain the social survival of disaster prone people. The concept of Social Survival Skills. Inclusive society needs to be equipped with this capability. Post-disaster social conditions, people experience conditions of social crisis. Feelings of grief, guilt, difficulty in meeting needs, and so on. This condition makes the criminal potential increase. Joining the paralysis of law enforcement agencies is one of the factors in the aftermath of chaos. Wilayah Indonesia memiliki kerawanan akan bencana, khususnya gempa bumi. Hal ini dikarenakan posisinya yang berada di pertemuan tiga lempeng utama dunia. Kerawanan bencana ini sudah seharusnya berbanding lurus dengan kesiagapan bencana. Kesigapan bencana bukan hanya sebatas kemampuan logistik pasca bencana. Tapi juga Social Survival Skill masyarakat. Kemampuan mempertahankan kelangsungan hidup sosial pasca bencana cenderung diabaikan dalam kesigapan bencana. Kerentanan terjadinya kondisi chaos pasca bencana sering terlupakan. Sehingga dianggap perlu mempersiapkan kemampuan mempertahankan kelangsungan hidup sosial masyarakat rentan bencana. Konsep Social Survival Skill. Masyarakat secara inklusifperlu dibekali kemampuan ini. Kondisi sosial pasca bencana, masyarakat mengalami kondisi krisis sosial. Perasaan duka, rasa bersalah, sulitnya memenuhi kebutuhan, dan sebagainya. Kondisi ini membuat potensi kriminal meningkat. Ikut lumpuhnya lembaga penegak hukum menjadi salah satu faktor terjadinya chaos pasca bencana.
EAAC1 Gene Deletion Increases Neuronal Death and Blood Brain Barrier Disruption after Transient Cerebral Ischemia in Female Mice

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

EAAC1 is important in modulating brain ischemic tolerance. Mice lacking EAAC1 exhibit increased susceptibility to neuronal oxidative stress in mice after transient cerebral ischemia. EAAC1 was first described as a glutamate transporter but later recognized to also function as a cysteine transporter in neurons. EAAC1-mediated transport of cysteine into neurons contributes to neuronal antioxidant function by providing cysteine substrates for glutathione synthesis. Here we evaluated the effects of EAAC1 gene deletion on hippocampal blood vessel disorganization after transient cerebral ischemia. EAAC1−/− female mice subjected to transient cerebral ischemia by common carotid artery occlusion for 30 min exhibited twice as much hippocampal neuronal death compared to wild-type female mice as well as increased reduction of neuronal glutathione, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption and vessel disorganization. Pre-treatment of N-acetyl cysteine, a membrane-permeant cysteine prodrug, increased basal glutathione levels in the EAAC1−/− female mice and reduced ischemic neuronal death, BBB disruption and vessel disorganization. These findings suggest that cysteine uptake by EAAC1 is important for neuronal antioxidant function under ischemic conditions.
Understanding the social barriers faced by university students with hearing loss in Singapore

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

While Singapore has made progressive strides towards the inclusion of students with disabilities in higher education, there is a dearth of knowledge about the lived experiences of these students vis-à-vis their academic settings. This study aims to understand the social barriers faced by university students with hearing loss in Singapore. Through in-depth interviews with 11 university students with hearing loss and their immediate stakeholders – four disability support staff, one Senior Lecturer, and one student note-taker, the researcher has explored symbolic interrelationships between disclosure, reactions to disclosure, and accommodation. The physical lecture hall and the social arena of “class participation” have also been identified as key university settings that pose barriers for students with hearing loss. Lastly, the researcher examines the possibilities of an ideal mindset towards the provision of accommodations.
Factors influencing the suppression of Heliothis spp. and Anthonomous grandis Boheman by the predator, Solenopsis invicta Buren, in a cotton agroecosystem

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to digital@library.tamu.edu, referencing the URI of the item.
Multiwavelength micro-Raman analysis of strain in nanopatterned ultrathin strained silicon-on-insulator

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We developed a heterostructure to assess accurately the strain evolution upon nanopatterning of 15 nm thick tensile strained silicon-on-insulator (SSOI). Here the long-standing concern of substrate background in micro-Raman analysis was circumvented by the introduction of a Ge layer underneath the buried oxide. Unprecedented insights into the strain behavior in SSOI nanostructures were obtained by combining deep UV and visible micro-Raman probes. We found that the formation of edges results in a strong relaxation near the surface parallel to an increase in the strain at the Si/oxide interface. This disparity in the strain evolution between surface and interface leads to the coexistence of compressive and tensile strained regions within the same structure at a lateral dimension of 50 nm. This heterogeneous distribution of strain should be taken into account in the design and fabrication of SSOI-based nanodevices.
Auction-Based Users Dynamic Allocation in Heterogeneous Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we design the cycle auction mechanism to dynamically allocate the users among all base stations (BSs) for single-tier and two-tier heterogeneous networks (HetNets) to improve the system spectrum efficiency (SE). The cycle auction algorithm (CAA) is proposed to trade the users with the lowest energy efficiency (EE) among the BSs for both HetNets. The user EE is the basis for the seller to select one user as the goods, and the system SE is the criteria for the auctioneer to determine the buyer who trades the goods with the seller. In a single-tier HetNet, a small cell BS (SBS) acts as a seller as well as an auctioneer, and the rest of the SBSs can directly quote to the seller. In a two-tier HetNet, the macro cell base station (MBS) is the auctioneer who can either participate in bidding or sell its user, and the auction results made by the MBS depend on the sellers' reserved price and the buyer's bidding price. Simulation results demonstrate that the CAA can significantly improve system SE in both single-tier and two-tier HetNets.
Housing markets, signals and search

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Research into the spatial structure and functioning of local housing markets typically focuses on market outcomes, particularly house price changes and household movement patterns. Explanatory models are usually based upon a standard neoclassical analysis of the housing market. That approach de-emphasises the importance of imperfect information, real market processes and the signals they generate. The inherent nature of housing means that partly informed households typically engage in search activity prior to purchasing a property. Search is inevitably a spatial process. Housing market search modelling remains relatively undeveloped. However, analysis of this process can provide important additional insights to both better explain consumer behaviour and support more informed decision-making by housing planners and market providers. We illustrate these arguments using housing search data for Scotland.
Pilot study comparing dominant intraprostatic lesion volume using Ga-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen PET-computed tomography and multiparametric MRI

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose The standard imaging used for delineation of dominant intraprostatic lesion (DIL) is multiparametric MRI (mpMRI). The use of biologic imaging such as Ga-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET-computed tomography (PET-CT) for this purpose is being explored in view of increased sensitivity of this modality and the associated ease of delineation. Materials and methods The primary objective of the study was to compare the autogenerated volumes of the DIL in Ga-68 PSMA PET-CT with the standard volume delineated in mpMRI. Twenty patients with biopsy-proven untreated prostatic adenocarcinoma were included. Multiple percentages of the maximum standardized uptake value (%SUVmax) were used to autogenerate DIL volumes in Ga-68 PSMA PET-CT and these volumes were numerically matched with the consensus DIL volume in mpMRI. PSMA tumor volume (PSMA-TV) and total lesion PSMA (TL-PSMA) were also calculated for each lesion. Results Median volume of DIL in mpMRI was 4 cm 3 (interquartile range, IQR = 2.5–7.6 cm 3 ). The IQR for interobserver variability was 0.5–2.5 cm 3 . Median SUVmax of the DIL was 14.1 (IQR = 10.2–22.3). Median %SUVmax corresponding to mpMRI volume was 41% of SUVmax (IQR = 34–55%). There was a strong negative correlation between MRI volume and %SUVmax ( r = −0.829, P < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between TL-PSMA and prostate-specific antigen ( r = 0.609, P = 0.004). Conclusions The median DIL volume was 4 cm 3 and median %SUVmax corresponding to MR volume of DIL was 41%. A strong inverse relationship is found between mpMRI-defined DIL volume and the %SUVmax which generates similar volume in Ga-68 PSMA PET-CT. TL-PSMA could be a quantitative biomarker for tumor load and prognosis.
Court of Justice of the European Union (Seventh Chamber) Kerly Del Rosario Martinez Silva v Instituto nazionale della previdenza sociale (INPS) Comune di Genova

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This case report provides an account of the issues addressed in the preliminary ruling of the CJEU in Martinez Silva vs. Italy. The case centres on the limitations Member States of the European Union are permitted to apply in granting third-country nationals in employment equal treatment with nationals in social security rights according to Directive 2011/98/EU (the Single Permit Directive). Additionally, the preliminary ruling of the Court is discussed is discussed in the context of the human rights principle of equal treatment as it is enshrined in EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and International Labour Law.
CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Mutagenesis of Abdominal-A and Ultrabithorax in the Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

(1) Background: Abdominal-A (Abd-A) and Ultrabithorax (Ubx) are homeotic genes that determine the identity and morphology of the thorax and abdomen in insects. The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is a devastating maize pest throughout Asia, the Western Pacific, and Australia. Building on previous knowledge, we hypothesized that the knockout of Abd-A and Ubx would disrupt the abdominal body planning in O. furnacalis. (2) Methods: CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutagenesis was employed to decipher the functions of these homeotic genes. (3) Results: Knockout insects demonstrated classical homeotic transformations. Specifically, the mutagenesis of OfAbd-A resulted in: (1) Fused segments and segmental twist during the larval stage; (2) Embryonic lethality; and (3) The pleiotropic upregulation of other homeotic genes, including Lab, Pd, Dfd, Antp, and Abd-B. The mutagenesis of OfUbx led to: (1) Severe defects in the wing pads, which limited the ability of the adults to fly and mate; (2) Female sterility; and (3) The pleiotropic upregulation of other homeotic genes, including Dfd, Abd-B, and Wnt1. (4) Conclusions: These combined results not only support our hypothesis, but they also strengthen the potential of using homeotic genes as molecular targets for the genetic control of this global insect pest.
Effects of Feather Lice on Flight Behavior of Male Barn Swallows (Hirundo Rustica)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Parasites may affect host behavior in a number of ways, including their locomotory performance. We investigated whether the number of holes produced by the feather louse (Myrsidea rustica) affected flight behavior in adult male Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica) by video-taping flight performance of individuals during escape and level flight. Percentage of time spent flapping during foraging flight was positively related to number of holes, but not to other flight parameters such as wingbeat frequency. These results suggest indirect effects of feather lice on host performance that must be considered together with effects of thermoregulation and feather breakage. This is the first report of an effect of parasite load on flight behavior.
Relationships for object-oriented programming languages

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Object-oriented approaches to software design and implementation have gained enormous popularity over the past two decades. However, whilst models of software systems routinely allow software engineers to express relationships between objects, object-oriented programming languages lack this ability. Instead, relationships must be encoded using complex reference structures. When the model cannot be expressed directly in code, it becomes more difficult for programmers to see a correspondence between design and implementation – the model no longer faithfully documents the code. As a result, programmer intuition is lost, and error becomes more likely, particularly during maintenance of an unfamiliar software system. This thesis explores extensions to object-oriented languages so that relationships may be expressed with the same ease as objects. Two languages with relationships are specified: RelJ, which offers relationships in a class-based language based on Java, and QSigma, which is an object calculus with heap query. In RelJ, relationship declarations exist at the same level as class declarations: relationships are named, they may have fields and methods, they may inherit from one another and their instances may be referenced just like objects. Moving into the object-based world, QSigma is based on the sigma-calculi of Abadi and Cardelli, extended with the ability to query the heap. Heap query allows objects to determine how they are referenced by other objects, such that single references are sufficient for establishing an inter-object relationship observable by all participants. Both RelJ and QSigma are equipped with a formal type system and semantics to ensure type safety in the presence of these extensions. By giving formal models of relationships in both class- and object-based settings, we can obtain general principles for relationships in programming languages and, therefore, establish a correspondence between implementation and design.