jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Development of Safety Science and Engineering Disciplines in Mainland China

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Considering the growing emphasis on safety issues in mainland China, it is essential to identify the hurdles in the development of safety disciplines and to promote alignment between safety disciplines and society. To understand the current state of safety science and engineering disciplines in mainland China, we conducted a study while considering the geographical distribution level, as well as the power gap between universities. In terms of the geographical distribution, the spatial distribution characteristics of institutions with safety engineering enrollment in China were mapped out. To illustrate the development characteristics and existing safety discipline problems, the current situation of economic development and safety production in each region was integrated. In terms of power gaps, the Cingta database was used to study the disparity between different indicators and the competitiveness of safety disciplines in representative universities. Based on these findings, the development of chemical safety education is further discussed. Finally, development directions were provided for the effective reform of safety disciplines in each university at this stage. The study demonstrated that the current development status of safety disciplines in universities was related to social needs and social background. The development of safety disciplines in certain provinces of China did not match the current state of the local economy and safety products. There was a significant gap between the strengths and weaknesses of disciplines between universities and colleges.
Estimating Pricing Games in the Wheat-handling Market in Saskatchewan: The Role of a Major Cooperative

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

In Canada, grain handling is an important agri-business that has traditionally been cooperative in nature (for example, Saskatchewan Wheat Pool). At the same time the industry is heavily regulated. There has been a dramatic change in the structure of the industry over the past 20 years and there are currently no major cooperatives present in the market. If the “yardstick effect” hypothesis of the role of cooperatives in an imperfectly competitive market is true, the disappearance of cooperatives could result in the ability of remaining firms to exercise market power over producers. To investigate the impact of changes in ownership structure in the market, we estimated two types of pricing games that might have been played between a cooperative, Saskatchewan Wheat Pool (SWP) and an investor-owned firm (IOF), Pioneer Grain (PG) in the Saskatchewan wheat-handling market over the period 1980–2004, with different assumptions about their pricing behavior imposed. We find that SWP and PG have likely been playing a Bertrand pricing game in the market over the period. We thus conclude that SWP, as the largest cooperative in the market, likely played a “yardstick effect” role in the market.
What are the difficulties in statistics and probability?

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Statistics and probability are part of school math. But in reality, there are still many students who get poor grades in the subject. This study aims to find out on which indicators student experience difficulties in statistics and probability. The research method used was quasi-experimental with a total sample of 115 respondent. The result show that respondents’ difficulties in statistics and probability were difficulties in in probabilistic reasoning, combinatoric reasoning, and proof of variability in random variables. Based on the result obtained, to be able to understand statistic and probability properly, good mathematical logical thinking skill are needed.
Development of a Tuned Interfacial Force Field Parameter Set for the Simulation of Protein Adsorption to Silica Glass

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Adsorption free energies for eight host–guest peptides (TGTG-X-GTGT, with X = N, D, G, K, F, T, W, and V) on two different silica surfaces [quartz (100) and silica glass] were calculated using umbrella sampling and replica exchange molecular dynamics and compared with experimental values determined by atomic force microscopy. Using the CHARMM force field, adsorption free energies were found to be overestimated (i.e., too strongly adsorbing) by about 5–9 kcal/mol compared to the experimental data for both types of silica surfaces. Peptide adsorption behavior for the silica glass surface was then adjusted using a modified version of the CHARMM program, which we call dual force-field CHARMM, which allows separate sets of nonbonded parameters (i.e., partial charge and Lennard-Jones parameters) to be used to represent intra-phase and inter-phase interactions within a given molecular system. Using this program, interfacial force field (IFF) parameters for the peptide-silica glass systems were corrected to obtain adsorption free energies within about 0.5 kcal/mol of their respective experimental values, while IFF tuning for the quartz (100) surface remains for future work. The tuned IFF parameter set for silica glass will subsequently be used for simulations of protein adsorption behavior on silica glass with greater confidence in the balance between relative adsorption affinities of amino acid residues and the aqueous solution for the silica glass surface.
Expression of VEGF Combined with hTERT gene in the BTCC and recurrence of bladder cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To investgate the value of combined determination of tumor markers for bladder transitional cell carcinoma(BTCC) that reflect different stages of fumor development and progress,comparing their diagnostic specificity for tumor recurrence.Methods By in situ hybridization and S-P immunohistochemical method,we assayed the expression of vascular endothelial growth facfor(VEGF) and hTERT gene protein in paraffin-embedded BTCC tissues of 67 cases and in normal bladder tissues of 10 cases.Their clinical significance was analysed by chi-sguare test.Results Strong positive expressions of hTERT gene and VEGF were detected in 28 and 30 BTCC tissues,respectively,while there was no such expression in nomal bladder tissues.The specificities of the markers for diagnosing BTCC recurrence were 64.3%(18/28) for hTERT and 58.8 %(30/51) for VEGF;the specificity of combined determination was 85.7%(18/21),significantly different from that of hTERT or VEGF alone(P0.05).Conclusions The combined determination of hTERT and VEGF which reflect the different stages of tumor development and progress has higher diagnostic accuracy;it may be an effective means for predicting the recurrence of BTCC.
The Alpine Vegetation of the Khangchendzonga Landscape, Sikkim Himalaya

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The alpine vegetation of the Sikkim Himalaya has received limited attention despite being a part of the Eastern Himalaya global biodiversity hotspot. The current study undertaken in the third highest landscape in the world—the Khangchendzonga National Park (KNP)—provides information on the different alpine vegetation communities and aspects of their ecology. The transverse spurs from the unique north–south Khangchendzonga range result in a landscape level differentiation of the Outer, Inner, and Tibetan Himalaya in just 50 km. The alpine vegetation based on numerical classification has been segregated into 11 types with the extensive ones being Juniperus indica scrub, Rhododendron scrub, Kobresia duthiei moist meadow, Kobresia nepalensis moist meadow, Kobresia pygmaea dry meadow, and Anaphalis xylorhiza mixed meadow. Based on Canonical Correspondence Analysis, the 3 environmental gradients of rainfall, elevation, and soil were found to be the primary determinants of vegetation patterns. A total of 585 species of angiosperms belonging to 67 families and 243 genera were recorded in a 390-km2 area. Compared to the Western Himalaya, proportions of alpine scrub and sedge meadows were higher, whereas herbaceous formations and grassy meadows were limited in extent. The alpha species diversity was found to be lower mainly because the alpine region here is partly isolated, narrower, fragmented, and dominated by a depauperated scrub zone.
The Relationship between the Gut Microbiota and Exercise: A Narrative Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the homeostasis of the intestinal tract, and the fact that exercise could have an impact on its functionality is currently the subject of various studies. Exercise is used as a strong preventive and treatment strategy in numerous chronic diseases, influencing metabolism, immunity, and physiological functions. Some recent studies provide information on exercise as a factor that could favor the growth of beneficial species and increase the diversity of the intestinal microbiota. However, the difficulty in determining the true effect of exercise is only due to the confounding influence of lifestyle and dietary habits. Regardless, there is still interest in the implications of the gut microbiota for elite sports because the details are considered crucial for success in different competitions. This narrative review tries to collect the information available in the literature on the role that exercise plays in the modulation of the balance of the intestinal microbiota.
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a review of risk factors, management and current challenges

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

It is important to recognize that CTEPH is complication of an acute PE as there are effective and sometimes curative treatments available. In European and North American practice, PEA surgery remains the cornerstone of therapy in patients with CTEPH and accessible disease without significant comorbidity. For those patients with a disease burden that is inaccessible or fails to justify the risk of major surgery, initiating medical therapy and considering BPA is appropriate. Those with persistent pulmonary hypertension after PEA should also receive medical therapy and be considered for BPA or re-do endarterectomy. The available therapies are not necessarily mutually exclusive, and the treatment decision is often subjective and individualized, based on the local available expertise. Further research is needed to understand the optimal treatment strategy for patients and in particular to identify 'responders' and assess the synergies between these three treatment strategies.
Color Changes in Diamonds during Their Processing into Cut Brilliants: System Analysis and Experimental Studies. — Moscow, 1991. Speciality 04.00.20 — Mineralogy, Crystallography.

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Nona D. DronovaColor Changes in Diamonds during Their Processing into Cut Brilliants: System Analysis and Experimental Studies. — Moscow, 1991.Speciality 04.00.20 — Mineralogy, Crystallography.Author’s abstract of the dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences. Abstract:This dissertation investigates the mechanisms and patterns of color changes in gem-quality diamonds during processing into cut brilliants. The research emphasizes the significant influence of technological treatment regimes—beyond the properties of the rough crystal—on the final quality, color, and market value of brilliants. The study identifies correlations between initial crystal characteristics and resulting changes in optical properties, especially color, during processing. Special attention is given to the role of color centers, their redistribution, and interaction with other structural defects under different mechanical and thermal regimes. More than 2,000 diamond crystals from a Yakutian deposit were examined, along with corresponding cut brilliants. A comprehensive set of methods was employed, including optical spectroscopy, infrared microscopy, microphotometry, luminescence measurements, and electron microscopy. The research outcomes include: Statistical analysis of physical properties of rough and processed diamonds; Identification of technological parameters affecting color stability; Models for process optimization to minimize undesirable color changes; Methodologies for calculating contact temperatures during cutting and polishing; Recommendations for production to maintain and enhance diamond color quality. The results have practical significance for diamond cutting enterprises, contributing to optimization of manufacturing processes and increasing the market competitiveness of brilliants.
WA : 0853-1102-5193. Daftar Harga Jual Keranda Jenazah Pagar Jati

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

"WA : 0853-1102-5193. Daftar Harga Jual Keranda Jenazah Pagar Jati. Terbukti AWET. Bahan Berkualitas. Full Stainless Steel. Anti Karat\n\nBisa menahan beban hingga 300 kg\n\nBahan : Full Stainless Steel\n\nKELEBIHAN BELANJA DI KAMI\n1. Anti karat\n2. Terbukti Awet Bertahun tahun\n3. Full Stainless Steel\n4. Bahan Berkualitas\n5. BERGARANSI\n\nOrder Hubungi :\nWA 0853 1102 5193\nhttps://wa.me/6285311025193\n\nKeranda Pagar Jati, Keranda Jenazah Pagar Jati, Keranda Mayit Pagar Jati, keranda ambulance Pagar Jati, keranda aluminium Pagar Jati, keranda beroda Pagar Jati, keranda besi Pagar Jati, keranda stainless Pagar Jati, keranda stenlis Pagar Jati, keranda stainles Pagar Jati, keranda stainlesss steel Pagar Jati, bandusa Pagar Jati, harga keranda jenazah Pagar Jati, jual keranda jenazah Pagar Jati, ukuran keranda jenazah Pagar Jati, keranda mayat Pagar Jati, usungan jenazah Pagar Jati, produsen keranda jenazah stainless di Pagar Jati, pabrik keranda Pagar Jati, kurung batang Pagar Jati"\n\n
High frequency of coagulase-positive staphylococci carriage in healthy wild boar with detection of MRSA of lineage ST398-t011

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and diversity of coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) in nasal samples of healthy wild boar, to study their resistance phenotypes/genotypes and to check the occurrence of the MRSA-ST398. Nasal samples of 371 wild boars were collected in Spain for staphylococci and MRSA recovery. Staphylococci identification was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). The susceptibility to 11 antimicrobials was tested by disc-diffusion and the presence of resistance genes by PCR. Molecular typing and virulence factors determination were carried out by PCR and sequencing. The rate of CoPS carriage (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus hyicus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius) in wild boar was of 17.8% (13.7%, 2.7% and 1.6%, respectively). Susceptibility to all tested antimicrobials was shown in 74.5% of S. aureus and one strain was MRSA [lineage ST398-t011-agrI, carrying blaZ, mecA, tet(M) and tet(K) genes]. A total of 22 spa-types and 17 STs were detected among S. aureus, including: ST398/CC398 (n = 1), ST2328-ST133/CC133 (n = 20), ST425/CC425 (n = 7), ST5/CC5 (n = 5), ST1/CC1 (n = 3), ST130/CC130 (n = 2) and ST88/CC88 (n = 1). Two spa-types (t02, t15) and four STs (ST455, ST796, ST797, ST798) were detected among the six S. pseudintermedius isolates recovered, and all of them carried the lukF/S-I and siet virulence genes. All S. hyicus isolates were susceptible to antimicrobials tested.
Distribution and micropropagation of selected species of Zinﬁberaceae at Lojing Highlands, Kelantan and Sungai Gadong, Tasik Temengor, Perak

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The diversity and distribution of Zingiberaceae at Lojing Highlands, Kelantan and Sungai Gadong, Tasik Temengor has been studied as there were no preliminary studies on these areas. Samples were collected through random sampling and planted in the nursery at Universiti Malaysia Kelantan. A total of 18 species from 7 genus ofgingers were recorded in Lojing Highlands, Kelantan while l3 species ﬁom 7 genus were found in Sungai Gadong, Tasik Temengor. The key of each species were provided. Some of the plants, fruits and inﬂorescences were made into herbarium and wet preservations. Two of the samples, Zingiber zerumbet and Zingfber spectabile was used for micropropagation for conservation purposes. Aseptic rhizome buds were cultured on the MS medium. 80% of growth was observed when the explant was surface sterilized with 95% ethanol and 100% (v/v) Clorox® solution. The regenerated plantlets were transferred to the nursery after acclimatization.
Registration-free laparoscope augmentation for intra-operative liver resection planning

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In recent years, an increasing number of liver tumor indications were treated by minimally invasive laparoscopic resection. Besides the restricted view, a major issue in laparoscopic liver resection is the enhanced visualization of (hidden) vessels, which supply the tumorous liver segment and thus need to be divided prior to the resection. To navigate the surgeon to these vessels, pre-operative abdominal imaging data can hardly be used due to intraoperative organ deformations mainly caused by appliance of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum and respiratory motion. While regular respiratory motion can be gated and synchronized intra-operatively, motion caused by pneumoperitoneum is individual for every patient and difficult to estimate. Therefore, we propose to use an optically tracked mobile C-arm providing cone-beam CT imaging capability intraoperatively. The C-arm is able to visualize soft tissue by means of its new flat panel detector and is calibrated offline to relate its current position and orientation to the coordinate system of a reconstructed volume. Also the laparoscope is optically tracked and calibrated offline, so both laparoscope and C-arm are registered in the same tracking coordinate system. Intra-operatively, after patient positioning, port placement, and carbon dioxide insufflation, the liver vessels are contrasted and scanned during patient exhalation. Immediately, a three-dimensional volume is reconstructed. Without any further need for patient registration, the volume can be directly augmented on the live laparoscope video, visualizing the contrasted vessels. This augmentation provides the surgeon with advanced visual aid for the localization of veins, arteries, and bile ducts to be divided or sealed.
CORD9 a new locus for arCRD: mapping to 8p11, estimation of frequency, evaluation of a candidate gene.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A new arCRD locus (CORD9) has been identified corresponding to a yet unidentified gene in the 8.7-cM interval D8S1820-D8S532. No mutations were found in one candidate gene in affected members of the primary study family. Haplotype analysis of a cohort of 13 multiplex and 2 simplex families with CRD ruled out the CORD9 gene in 9 of 15 of the families. To date, a total of 126 loci carrying gene mutations causing various forms of retinal degeneration have been mapped, and the mutant gene has been identified in 64 of them. However, only 2 loci for arCRD have been documented. This is the report of a third.
Emerging therapies for hepatitis C

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The combination of pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) and riba-virin (RBV), the current therapy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, has saved the lives of many HCV-infected patients. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) target several sites of HCV nonstructural proteins, resulting in the cessation of viral replication. The first NS3/4A protease inhibitors consisted of boceprevir and telaprevir, which have shown superior ef-ficacy against genotype 1 HCV infection when combined with PEG-IFN/RBV compared with the standard therapy in both treatment-naive and-experienced patients. Simeprevir, falda-previr, and asunaprevir are second-wave, first-generation NS3/4A inhibitors that have already been or will soon be ap-proved. Second-generation protease inhibitors are in clinical trials. Daclatasvir is the first approved DAA belonging to the class of NS5A replication complex inhibitors. The potency of daclatasvir is very high, and this drug is an important and essential component of combination regimens for all genotypes. Sofosbuvir, the first approved NS5B polymerase inhibitor, is characterized by high potency and genetic barri-ers to resistance. Sofosbuvir combined with RBV achieved an interferon-free regimen in genotype 2 or 3 patients with a reduced treatment duration. It can also be used in combina-tion with PEG-IFN/RBV in genotype 1 patients for 12 weeks. DAAs have provided new hope for curing HCV infections with a short treatment duration and acceptable adverse events.
Beyond the Letters: The Question of Language in the Teachings of Rabbi Dov Baer of Mezritch

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This thesis examines the philosophy of language of Rabbi Dov Baer of Mezritch (d. 1772), one of the most influential and creative early Hasidic masters, and the teacher whose students effectively created the Hasidic movement. I argue that Dov Baer offers an innovative approach to the role of language in religious life and its relationship to the inner workings of the human psyche. In contrast to scholars who emphasize aspects of Dov Baer’s thought that idealize silence, my research demonstrates that he embraced words as a divine gift, even describing the faculty of speech as an element of God imbued within humanity. Dov Baer does refer to a realm of creativity and inspiration that lies beyond words. It is into this region that the mystic journeys in his contemplative prayer, tracing spoken words back to their roots in the mind, and then the ineffable beyond. Yet this realm is restricted by its silence, for flashes of insight have no expression until they are brought into language. Indeed, says Dov Baer, all conscious thought occurs within the framework of words, even before it is spoken aloud. A similar transformation characterizes all acts of divine revelation, including Creation and the giving of the Torah, which originate in a pre-verbal inner divine realm and then spread through the pathways of language. My dissertation is a diachronic study illustrating the ways in which Dov Baer’s sermons creatively interpreted and developed conceptions of language in rabbinic, philosophical and kabbalistic literature, but devotes careful attention to his social and historical context as well. This project models a novel approach to the study of mystical texts that interfaces with contemporary issues like the study of language and epistemology, as well as broader methodological questions of the relationship between orality, authorship, and textuality. Dov Baer did not transcribe any of his own sermons, and all homilies attributed to him were recorded in writing by his disciples. Instead of attempting to reconstruct the historical sermons that have been forever lost, my dissertation draws upon the full spectrum of his teachings as they appear in printed books, manuscripts, and quotations by students in the decades after his death. The task is not to determine the veracity of these traditions in order to reconstruct Dov Baer’s “authentic” sermons, since no such Urtext ever existed in written form. I examine his theology of language as presented in early Hasidic literature, acknowledging their diversity while tracking their consistency, seeking to understand the ways in which they shaped emerging Hasidic thought.