jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Qualitative Examination of Nursing Students' Thoughts on Companion Implementation

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Amaç: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin refakatçilik uygulamasına ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kalitatif özellikte olan bu çalışmanın verileri odak grup görüşme yöntemi ile Türkiye'nin batısında yer alan bir hemşirelik fakültesinde eğitim gören hemşirelik öğrencilerinden (n=22) elde edilmiştir. Veri toplama sürecinde araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış tanıtıcı bilgi formu, yarı yapılandırılmış soru formu ile ses kayıt cihazı kullanılmıştır. Görüşmeler iki araştırmacı tarafından yapılmış ve yaklaşık 40-50 dk sürmüştür. Bulgular: Yapılan içerik analizi sonucunda iki ana tema belirlenmiştir. Birinci tema ''hemşireler açısından refakatçi gerekliliği'', ikinci tema 'hastalar açısından refakatçi gerekliliği'dir. Öğrencilerin hem hemşireler hem de hastalar açısından refakatçilerin varlığına ilişkin görüşlerinin destek kavramında birleştiği görüldü. Sonuç: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin refakatçilere yönelik daha geleneksel görüş ve deneyimleri bulunmaktadır. Bu görüş ve deneyimler dikkate alınarak, refakatçilere yönelik yapılacak düzenlemeler ile sorun çözücü yaklaşımlar geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.
Modelling tsunami initial conditions due to rapid coseismic seafloor displacement: efficient numerical integration and a tool to build unit source databases

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. The initial conditions for the simulation of a seismically induced tsunami for a rapid, assumed-to-be-instantaneous vertical seafloor displacement is given by the Kajiura low-pass filter integral. This work proposes a new, efficient, and accurate approach for its numerical evaluation, valid when the seafloor displacement is discretized as a set of rectangular contributions over variable bathymetry. We compare several truncated quadrature formulae, selecting the optimal one. The reconstruction of the initial sea level perturbation as a linear combination of pre-computed elementary sea surface displacements is tested on the tsunamigenic Kuril earthquake doublet – a megathrust and an outer rise – that occurred in the central Kuril Islands in late 2006 and early 2007. We also confirm the importance of the horizontal contribution to tsunami generation, and we consider a simple model of the inelastic deformation of the wedge on realistic bathymetry. The proposed approach results are accurate and fast enough to be considered relevant for practical applications. A tool to build a tsunami source database for a specific region of interest is provided.
Far from Houdini: The ‘Magic’ of the VFX Breakdown

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

VFX (visual effects) breakdowns are short ancillary videos that advertise the digital animation work undertaken by a VFX company for a particular film or television programme. Claiming to take viewers ‘behind the magic’ of VFX, breakdowns disassemble a wide variety of shots and sequences, and point to the extensive use of computer-generated imagery in contemporary blockbuster cinema. But, as much as breakdowns reveal some illusions, they conjure others. Breakdowns operate in a register of speed, fluidity and efficacy, showing neither the many people nor the extensive periods of time that it takes to painstakingly generate all these VFX. In this article, the author reveals how the omission of labour and duration in VFX breakdowns both reflects and contributes to a broader (mis)understanding of digital effects as immaterial, instantaneous and magical. His case study is Spider-Man: Far From Home (2019), a film that links VFX with magic, evokes the breakdown in some of its spectacular visuals, and even outright villainizes those effects artists who seek fair recognition for their work.
The Role of Glutathione as a Bleaching Agent in Whitening Skin: A Review

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: To review and compare the efficacy of glutathione formulations as skin-whitening agents in adults participating in several clinical studies. Methods: Using a MEDLINE search with the time frame specified up to March 2020 , seven clinical studies involving GSH use for lightening the skin were recognized and assessed for significance and validity. Results: Four controlled clinical trials (GSH capsules: 60 healthy volunteers; 250 mg oral GSH capsules:60; 2% glutathione lotion: 30s healthy volunteers; GSH as wash:74 healthy volunteers) and a case series(GSH lozenges: 30 patients) showed a significant reduction in melanin index. A case series (GSH soap: 15 patients) revealed a skin-lightening effect based on photography. Only one placebo-controlled study on IV GSH (1200 mg) in 60 healthy volunteers demonstrated a poor effect of glutathione as a whitening agent. Conclusion: The literature search revealed that glutathione is not useful enough as a skin-whitening agent, as it is only effective on some parts of the skin and did not present any long-lasting effect. Although the safety profile of topical and oral glutathione seemed to be good, long-term research studies employing better study design are required in order to evaluate the efficacy of this antioxidant.
Chemical constituents of Lysimachia christinae Hance

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Aim To investigate the chemical constituents of Lysimachia christinae Hance.Methods The constituents were isolated by column chromatography and their structures were elucidated by chemical properties and spectroscopic analysis.Results Seven components were isolated and identified as kaempferol(1),kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(2),kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside(3),kaempferol 3-O-αL-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),quercetin(5),β-sitosterol(6),daucosterol(7).Conclusion Compound 4 is isolated from Lysimachia L.for the first time.While 7 is isolated from Lysimachia christinae Hance for the first time.
CANMET residuum hydrocracking: Advances through the control of polar aromatics

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The beginnings of the CANMET hydrocracking process took root in the mid 1970`s. An ongoing program of development has broadened this novel hydrocracking process for upgrading Canadian oil sands bitumen to successfully process a wide range of refinery residues from conventional crudes as well as residues from refinery conversion units. FCCU slurry, visbreaker vacuum tower bottoms, deasphalter bottoms residue, and poor quality gas oils from cokers and visbreakers are all upgradable in the CANMET process. This paper gives an overview of the process, describes its demonstrated performance, and outlines recent technology improvements. The CANMET slurry hydrocracking process utilizes a solid additive to inhibit coke formation and is capable of 975+ F conversion levels in excess of 90%. Typical hydrogen partial pressures are in the range of 1,500 psi. Demonstration in a 5,000 BPD unit over a seven-year period has shown that operation is easier to control than a conventional gas oil hydrocracker. The absence of an active catalyst combined with the auto-cooling effect of the well back mixed upflow reactor leads to an extremely stable reactor operation. The reactor is stable even if reactor quenches are not used for control.
Conflict Detection in DeeDS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In distributed database systems, immediate global consistency of replicated data can be achieved by distributed commit protocols that are typically unpredictable. If real-time characteristics are necessary, such unpredictability has to be avoided. In a distributed real-time database, optimistic replication can be used to avoid unpredictable delays by allowing transactions to commit locally. The update of other nodes is performed as soon as possible. If optimistic replication is used, conflicts may occur since data can be changed locally without synchronously informing other nodes. To detect these conflicts, this thesis introduces a conflict detection approach for DeeDS, a distributed, active real-time database that supports a dynamic node set. A comparison of existing conflict detection approaches is performed, and it is found that the dynamic version vector approach is the best fitting approach. The main reason is that it can handle a dynamic node set with a minimum of additional conflict detection data. To show the realization of the approach in DeeDS, dynamic version vectors have been implemented. Additionally, conflict management in DeeDS is redesigned to allow separation of conflict detection and conflict resolution. This makes the software architecture more flexible and is a first step towards application specific conflict resolution.
When information becomes action: drivers of individuals' trust in broadcast versus peer‐to‐peer information in disaster response

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Information and communications technology (ICT), primarily mobile telephones and social media, is increasingly important in crisis and disaster response in developing countries. This fact raises an important question: in an information environment that includes traditional media such as radio and television, who are the people that trust information from ICT enough to act on it during a disaster? Drawing on a case study of and original survey data from the island nation of the Independent State of Samoa, this paper yields insights into who uses new technologies, particularly mobile telephones, to make decisions at the local level during crises such as natural disasters, as well as the socio‐political factors that motivate their behaviour. The results add to the growing pool of knowledge on utilisation of ICT and new technologies in developing countries for disaster response, and provide practical information on the social and political factors that lead people to trust different information sources and media.
VICARIANCE AND DISPERSAL ACROSS BAJA CALIFORNIA IN DISJUNCT MARINE FISH POPULATIONS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Population disjunctions, as a first step toward complete allopatry, present an interesting situation to study incipient speciation. The geological formation of the Baja California Peninsula currently divides 19 species of fish into disjunct populations that are found on its Pacific Coast and in the northern part of the Gulf of California (also called the Sea of Cortez), but are absent from the Cape (Cabo San Lucas) region. We studied the genetic makeup of disjunct populations for 12 of these 19 fish species. Phylogeographic patterns for the 12 species can be separated into two major classes: a first group (eight species) showed reciprocal monophyly and high genetic divergence between disjunct populations. A second group (four species) displayed what appeared to be panmictic populations. Population structure between Pacific Coast populations, across the Punta Eugenia biogeographic boundary, was also evaluated. While dispersal potential (inferred by pelagic larval duration) was a poor predictor of population structure between Gulf of California and Pacific populations, we found that population genetic subdivision along the Pacific Coast at Punta Eugenia was always positively correlated with differentiation between Pacific and Gulf of California populations. Vicariant events, ongoing gene flow, and ecological characteristics played essential roles in shaping the population structures observed in this study.
Variable-Width Bezier Splines in R

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This report describes support for a new type of variable-width line in the 'vwline' package for R that is based on Bezier curves. There is also a new function for specifying the width of a variable-width line based on Bezier curves and there is a new linejoin and lineend style, called "extend", that is available when both the line and the width of the line are based on Bezier curves. This report also introduces a small 'gridBezier' package for drawing Bezier curves in R.
[Clinical presentation and diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Autonomic and sensory nerve dysfunction are progressive forms of diabetic neuropathies, often accompanied by other microvascular complications which are usually characterized by gradual onset of symptoms. Mononeuropathies, radiculopathies, motor palsies and acute painful neuropathies are more reversible forms of neuropathies. Their evolution is often unrelated to glycaemic control, vascular factors are more important in the pathogenesis and these complications are more common in middle aged and elderly men with type 2. diabetes mellitus. The diagnosis of neuropathies is based on following criteria: nerve conduction velocity studies; neurological examination; quantitative motor, sensory and autonomic function tests; neuropathic symptoms. Autonomic functions should be evaluated by standard cardiovascular reflex tests. Recently, reliable, however, simple and cheap methods such as the calibrated tuning fork and the monofilament are recommended to use for the diagnosis of sensory nerve dysfunction in everyday clinical practice.
Postnatal changes in the phospholipid composition of livers from young lambs

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract The total lipids were extracted from the livers of newborn lambs, from the livers of lambs during the first week after birth and from the livers of adult sheep. After separation from the nonphospholipids on columns of silicic acid the phospholipids were analyzed by thin layer chromatography and quantitative gas liquid chromatography. In all samples phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine together accounted for about 80% of the total liver phospholipids. The phosphatidyl choline‐phosphatidyl ethanolamine ratio in the livers of the newborn lambs was markedly less than the ratio in the livers of the adult sheep. Moreover there was a pronounced increase in the phosphatidyl cholinephosphatidyl ethanolamine ratio in the livers of the lambs during the first week after birth. In the liver phospholipids of the lambs the concentration of phosphatidyl inositol was lower and the concentrations of phosphatidyl serine and sphingomyelin were greater than the corresponding concentrations in the liver phospholipids of the adult sheep. It is proposed that the change in the phosphatidyl choline‐phosphatidyl ethanolamine ratio in the livers of the lambs during the first week after birth is due, at least in part, to the marked change that occurs in the linoleic acid‐arachidonic acid ratio in the tissues of the lamb during this period.
Thin-shell wormholes: Linearization stability

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The class of spherically-symmetric thin-shell wormholes provides a\nparticularly elegant collection of exemplars for the study of traversable\nLorentzian wormholes. In the present paper we consider linearized (spherically\nsymmetric) perturbations around some assumed static solution of the Einstein\nfield equations. This permits us to relate stability issues to the (linearized)\nequation of state of the exotic matter which is located at the wormhole throat.\n
Fortified Multimedia Application

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The project entitled Fortified Multimedia Application is the application developed to embed an video file in another video signal. It is concerned with embedding information in an innocuous cover Speech in a secure and robust manner. This system makes the Files more secure by using the concepts Steganography and Cryptography. Steganography, poor cousin of Cryptography is the art of hiding messages inside other messages such that the very existence of the message is unknown to third party. The goal of cryptography is to make data unreadable by a third party, the goal of Steganography is to hide the data from a third party Through the use of advanced computer software, authors of images and software can place a hidden trademark in their product, allowing them to keep a check on piracy. This is commonly known as watermarking. Hiding serial numbers or a set of characters that distinguishes an object from a similar object is known as finger printing. Together, these two are intended to fight piracy. The latter is used to detect copyright violators and the former is used to prosecute them. But these are only examples of the much wider field of Steganography. The cover data should not be significantly degraded by the embedded data, and the embedded data should be as imperceptible as possible. The embedded data should be as immune as possible to modifications from intelligent attacks or anticipated manipulations. Thus it is necessary that the hidden message should be encrypted.
A case of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with effective induction concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) は, Travisらが提唱した肺原発の神経内分泌腫瘍で, 一般に予後は不良であるが, 補助療法の効果に関しては, 比較的めずらしい腫瘍でもあり十分な検討がなされていない.今回我々は, 術前治療としてconcurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) が有効と考えられたLCNECの1例を経験した.症例は49歳, 男性.主訴は咳嗽.画像上, 左肺門から前縦隔に11×6cmの腫瘍を認めた.腫瘍マーカーは, AFP1,314ng/ml, CEA35.7ng/ml, NSE13.1ng/mlと高値で, 開胸生検でLCNECと診断された.肺動脈幹への浸潤の可能性が考えられたため, CDDP+Vp-16 (CVp) を2クール行った.しかし腫瘍の増大を認めたため, CCRT (RT : 40Gy, CVpx2) を行った.CCRTの奏効度はPRで, AFPも148.4ng/mlに低下し切除術を行った.腫瘍は広範囲に心外膜に浸潤あるも, 心嚢内には浸潤なく左肺全摘+心外膜合併切除+R2aの治癒切除を行った (pT3N0M0).術後12ヵ月の現在再発なく経過良好である.
Corticospinal and spinal excitability during progressive skin and core cooling

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Cold stress in survival situations can impair fine and gross motor control. This reduces muscle control and performance which can lead to life threatening consequences. Effect of cooling on muscle performance is mostly on the muscle tissue and local. However, less is known about its effect on the central nervous system. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to characterize corticospinal and spinal excitability that occurs during whole-body cooling, resulting in a reduction in both skin (Tsk) and core (Tco) temperature and shivering. Eight subjects (four male, four female) wore a liquid perfused suit and cooled by 2°C water pumped into the suit for 90 minutes and rewarmed with 41°C water for 30 minutes. Meanwhile, stimulation blocks consisting of 10 transcranial magnetic stimulations (eliciting MEPs), 8 trans-mastoid (eliciting CMEPs) and 2 brachial plexus (eliciting Mmax) electrical stimulations, were delivered at baseline, and 30, 60, and 90 minutes of cooling and once after 30 minutes of rewarming. 90 min cooling reduced Tsk to 18.2 ± 1.1°C (P <0.001) while Tco did not change (P = 0.92). Shivering EMG of all eight subjects was observed and recorded. At 100 min, met heat production was significantly higher than baseline (P = 0.013). Shivering stopped after 15 min of the start of the rewarming all subjects stopped shivering. Regardless of cooling or rewarming, Mmax, MEP, and MEP/Mmax did not change from baseline, but CMEP and CMEP/Mmax increased at the end of rewarming by 64% (P = 0.001) and (58%) (P = 0.02) respectively. These results suggest that a reduced Tco increases spinal excitability. However, corticospinal excitability remained unaltered.
Gastric and colonic metastasis from cancer cervix: An unusual progression with an uncommon cause of mortality

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

© 2015. MedIntel Services Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)
Effective modeling and scientific computation with applications to health study, astronomy, and queueing network

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This dissertation presents statistics and probability modeling and computation applied to three areas: (I) health study, (II) astronomy, and (III) queueing network, for which the modeling strategies and computation techniques cover a broad range.
I. National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS) is the most recent large-scale psychiatric epidemiologic survey, with an embedded experiment comparing different question forms. Serious underreporting was detected due to different question orders received by respondents. Our object is to reduce and correct such response bias due to survey instrument. We address such a problem and created multiply imputed data sets for public use.
II. NASA's Gravity Probe B is the most recent experimental study on the general theory of relativity. As part of the mission, the motion of the guide star of GP-B needed to be measured independently. We use Bayesian methods and a linear model with complex variance structures to estimate the proper motion of the star and study the effects of various assumptions involving the parameters of a both the physical model and the measurement model on our final estimates.
III. We develop a strongly efficient rare-event simulation algorithm for computing the tail probabilities of the steady-state waiting time in a single server queue with regularly varying service times. Our approach takes advantage of the regenerative ratio formula for the steady-state distribution, and it does not use the first passage time representation that is particular to the delay in the G/G/1 queue. Hence, the strategy has the potential to be applied in more general queueing models.
Outcome of Internal Fixation of Comminuted Calcaneum Fractures

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Calcaneum fractures account for approximately 2% of all the fractures with displaced intra-articular fractures comprising more than 60% of these injuries, frequently resulting from axial loading.Though literature suggests significant benefit from operative management of these fractures, complications have been shown to be a common problem in many of the studies.All the fractures in our study were joint depression type with 30 patients having sanders type 2 and 8 having sander's type 3 fracture.The patient was then operated with lateral extensile approach, with 3.5mm contoured recon plates and cancellousscrews.All the operated patients had an increase in the Bohler's angle and decrease in the Gissane'sangle.Post operatively all the patients had an increase in heel height and decrease in heel width with a statistically significant 'p' value.Of the 30 patients, using AOFASscoring, 8 had excellent results, 16 had good results, 4 had fair results and 2 had poor results.The operative management of calcaneal intra-articular fractures should be done as anatomical reduction and rigid internal fixation are essential to allow early rehabilitation.
A Cyclic-genetic-algorithm Approach to Composing Heterogeneous Groups of Students

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the proposed model is described to demonstrate how to mix students in a heterogonous way and equally balance groups in terms of the educational background and assessment of students. A cyclic genetic algorithm (CGA) is employed in the model to mimic the natural process of evolution to achieve the optimized solution. In order to keep population diversity in the CGA, a particular cycle shift operator and self-crossover operator are presented. The model can be used as a starting point for considering both educational background and peer assessments in the formation of heterogeneous groups of students.