jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Staging and Restaging Pediatric Abdominal and Pelvic Tumors: A Practical Guide

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The most common abdominal malignancies diagnosed in the pediatric population include neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, hepatoblastoma, lymphoma, germ cell tumor, and rhabdomyosarcoma. There are distinctive imaging findings and patterns of spread for each of these tumors that radiologists must know for diagnosis and staging and for monitoring the patient's response to treatment. The multidisciplinary treatment group that includes oncologists, surgeons, and radiation oncologists relies heavily on imaging evaluation to identify the best treatment course and prognostication of imaging findings, such as the image-defined risk factors for neuroblastomas, the PRETreatment EXtent of Disease staging system for hepatoblastoma, and the Ann Arbor staging system for lymphomas. It is imperative for radiologists to be able to correctly indicate the best imaging methods for diagnosis, staging, and restaging of each of these most prevalent tumors to avoid inconclusive or unnecessary examinations. The authors review in a practical manner the most updated key points in diagnosing and staging disease and assessing response to treatment of the most common pediatric abdominal tumors. ©RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.
An Approach for Security Assessment of Network Configurations Using Attack Graph

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With increasing network security threats, the network vulnerability must consider exploits in the context of multistage, multi-host attack scenarios. The general approach to this problem is to construct an attack graph for a given network configuration. An attack graph consists of a number of attack paths which are essentially series of exploits which an attacker employs to reach the destination. Each attack path depicts an attack scenario. As the number of attack scenarios increases, the overall security of the network reduces. Thus there is need for quantification of security level of a given network. In this paper, two security metrics, namely probabilistic security metric and attack resistance metric, have been employed to evaluate the relative security levels of various network configurations. A case study has been presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach.
Storying and Recovering the Self: A Journey Towards Transformation in Men in Addictions and Trauma Recovery

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the stories of transformative learning of two men reflecting on their recovery from addictions and trauma. We employ the Hero’s journey as a useful frame within which to understand their stories of becoming more and progressing towards a recovered self. The article challenges the dominant biomedical model of addiction, and of recovery as being primarily about abstinence. It also provides further evidence for understanding transformative learning as a process of (re)integration which is supported through archetypal storytelling.
Most patients with isolated subsegmental pulmonary embolism do not need anticoagulants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We agree with Wiener and colleagues that widespread use of computed tomography (CT) pulmonary angiography is partly responsible for the overdiagnosis of pulmonary embolism.1

In a recent year long study of CT pulmonary angiography in our acute trust, we reviewed all patients reported as having isolated subsegmental pulmonary embolism (ISSPE). All scans originally reported as showing ISSPE were reviewed by two chest radiologists, who rejected the diagnosis if it was not visible on multiplanar reformats.

During this period, 91.7% (1317/1435) of studies were technically adequate. Of these, 21% had a positive …
Short‐term and long‐term positive outcomes of the multidisciplinary care implemented by the French health networks for the prevention and care of paediatric overweight and obesity

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Summary Background The nine French regional health networks for the prevention and care of paediatric obesity offer a 2‐year program of multidisciplinary primary care (medical, dietetical, psychological, adapted physical activity) based on multicomponent lifestyle interventions. Objectives To assess the short‐term and long‐term impact of care management. Methods The impact of the multidisciplinary care was assessed by changes in the body mass index (BMI) Z score during the period of the care, and at least 2 years after the end. Anthropometric data were collected at baseline and at the end of the care either through a digital medical file or through direct phone contacts with the referring. Long‐term outcomes were assessed through studies relative to post follow‐up evaluation. Results At the end of the period of the care in a network, 72.9% of 6947 children had decreased their BMI Z score from 3.6 ± 1.0 DS at baseline to 3.3 ± 1.1 DS at the end. The four studies relative to long‐term evaluation showed a pursuit of the decrease of BMI Z score during the 5.1 years after the beginning of the care. Conclusions The care provided by regional French networks for prevention and care of paediatric obesity induce a reduction of BMI that continues afterwards.
A hybrid framework for muscle artifact removal in EEG: combining variational mode decomposition, stationary wavelet transform, and canonical correlation analysis

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Electroencephalography (EEG) analysis is critical for diagnosing various neurological disorders and for other brain-related control applications. However, the presence of artifacts, including muscle artifacts, significantly alter signal power and lead to misinterpretation of neural information. Hence, it is essential to identify and remove these signals to enable a reliable EEG interpretation. By addressing the limitations of existing signal decomposition methods, this study develops a hybrid approach combining variational mode decomposition (VMD), stationary wavelet transform (SWT), and canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to enhance EEG signal quality by precisely aiming to remove muscle artifacts. The study utilized EEGdenoiseNet, an open-source dataset, to test the efficacy of the proposed method. The performance metrics employed in this study include: signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), correlation coefficient (CC), root mean square error (RMSE), and power spectral density (PSD). The findings indicate that the proposed approach yields superior results, with an average SNR improvement of 4.1360 dB and an average CC of 0.8171 compared with the combination of the VMD-CCA, EMD-CCA, EEMD-CCA, and EWT methods. The lower RMSE values and PSD plots further demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in muscle artifact suppression while retaining the relevant EEG characteristics.
Response to Comment on “The 1.7 Kilogram Microchip:  Energy and Material Use in the Production of Semiconductor Devices”

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCorrespondence/Rebut...Correspondence/RebuttalNEXTResponse to Comment on "The 1.7 Kilogram Microchip: Energy and Material Use in the Production of Semiconductor Devices"Eric D. Williams, Robert U. Ayres, and Miriam HellerView Author Information United Nations University 5-53-67 Jingumae Tokyo, 150-8925 Japan INSEAD Boulevard de Constance Foutainebleau, 77305 Cedex, France National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, Virginia, 22230Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38, 6, 1916–1917Publication Date (Web):February 14, 2004Publication History Published online14 February 2004Published inissue 1 March 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es049890zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/es049890zarticle-commentaryACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views635Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (20 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Energy,Industrial manufacturing,Materials,Microchips,Semiconductors Get e-Alerts
Micropattern-mediated apical guidance accelerates epithelial cell migration to improve healing around percutaneous gastrostomy tubes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Hypergranulation, bacterial infection, and device dislodgment are common complications associated with percutaneous gastronomy (PG) tube placement for enteral feeding largely attributable to delayed stoma tract maturation around the device. Stoma tract maturation is a wound-healing process that requires collective and complete migration of an advancing epithelial layer. While it is widely accepted that micropatterned surfaces enhance cell migration when cells are cultured directly on the substrate, few studies have investigated the influence of apical contact guidance from micropatterned surfaces on cell migration, as occurs during stoma tract formation. Here, we developed 2D and 3D in vitro epithelial cell migration assays to test the effect of various Sharklet micropatterns on apically-guided cell migration. The 2D modified scratch wound assay identified a Sharklet micropattern (+10SK50×50) that enhanced apical cell migration by 4-fold ( p = 0.0105) compared to smooth controls over the course of seven days. The best-performing micropattern was then applied to cylindrical prototypes with the same outer diameter as a pediatric PG tube. These prototypes were evaluated in the novel 3D migration assay where magnetic levitation aggregated cells around prototypes to create an artificial stoma. Results indicated a 50% increase ( p < 0.0001) in cell migration after seven days along Sharklet-micropatterned prototypes compared to smooth controls. The Sharklet micropattern enhanced apically-guided epithelial cell migration in both 2D and 3D in vitro assays. These data suggest that the incorporation of a Sharklet micropattern onto the surface of a PG tube may accelerate cell migration via apical contact, improve stoma tract maturation, and reduce skin-associated complications.
A new finite difference scheme for modeling acoustic wave propagation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This abstract report a new simple scheme based on finite difference method (FDM) for acoustic wave propagation. This scheme is named here as Equivalent Staggered Grid scheme (ESG), because it is constructed to give responses numerically equivalent to the standard acoustic staggered grid schemes (SSG), derived from the Virieux type formulations. The relations used in ESG are obtained by double application of SSG simple approximations which produces a new central difference formulas. These formulas are then applied to the second order acoustic wave equation in terms of pressure, in the same way traditionally applied to the first order system of equations in terms of pressure and velocity in order to generate the ESG scheme. The main characteristics of the new scheme are that its properties of accuracy and stability are equal to SSG, but with memory requirements like non staggered grid schemes. The demonstration of numerical equivalence between ESG and SSG schemes are verified through the comparison of their responses in some examples.
The International Court of Justice’sKosovoCase: Assessing the Current State of International Legal Opinion on Remedial Secession

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Summary In light of the global prevalence of secessionist movements, some have proposed “remedial secession” as a last resort solution where a “people” is either denied internal self-determination or is faced with massive human rights violations by a repressive regime. While lack of state practice largely confined this concept to academic circles through the 1990s and much of the 2000s, remedial secession received renewed international legal attention in the proceedings concerning the International Court of Justice’s (ICJ) 2008 advisory opinion in the case Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo(Kosovo case ). In light of support for remedial secession expressed in the submissions of eleven states, as well as its apparent endorsement in the separate opinions of two ICJ judges, advocates of remedial secession may plausibly argue that the soft law status of the concept has been strengthened and perhaps even that it is in the process of emerging as a regional customary norm for those states that supported it. However, the impact of the Kosovo case on solidifying the legal status of remedial secession should not be overstated, as opponents of the concept may point to a number of contrary indicators that also emerged from the formal discourse surrounding the case.
Attempted suicide among swedish-born people and foreign-born migrants

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The present study focuses on 938 suicide attempts by Swedes and foreign-born people living in the catchment area of Lund University Hospital between 1991 and 1994. Foreign-born women older than 74 years of age had the highest rates for attempted suicide. Foreign-born women and men aged 45-54 years had two and three times higher rates for suicide attempt respectively than Swedes in the same age group. When adjusted for age, foreign-born people had a higher Incidence Density Ratio (IDR) for attempted suicide than Swedish-born people (IDR = 1.72, CI = 1.45-2.03). People living alone had a much higher risk of suicide attempt than those who were married (IDR = 3.13, CI = 2.69-3.65). The conclusion of the present article is that, when adjusted for age, foreign-born migrants have a higher risk of attempted suicide than Swedish-born people.
A Study on Antibiotic Pattern of Urinary Tract Infections Causing Gram Negative Bacteria

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) is one of the oldest infections, reported in 1550 BC. Development of antibiotic drug resistance (DR) is important threat due to the prolonged usage of antibiotics. With this, a study was conducted with an aim to find the DR in UTI causing gram negative bacteria (GNB). Methods: It was a prospective study, conducted in Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences, Vijayawada. Study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee. The individuals aged > 18 with the symptoms of UTI were included. Detailed clinical history was collected and study was clearly explained in the local language. After clarifying all the doubts, midstream urine (MSU) sample was collected and labelled properly and transported immediately to the laboratory in self-sealing polythene covers with two compartments; the laboratory requisition form is placed in one and the sample in the other compartment. Samples were inoculated on Cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient agar, MacConkey agar and blood agar, plates were incubated at 370C for 48 hrs. Growth was identified as per the protocol. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar medium.nResults: UTI was detected in 101 (100%) cases. Highest UTI incidence was detected in 38 – 47 group. The female male ratio was 1.6, 37.1 was the mean age. Esch.coli was the most prevalent (30.7%; 31) bacterial isolate followed by other GNB (22.7%; 23). All the GNB were sensitive to Piperacillin tazobactum, Colistin, Imepenem, Amikacin. Conclusion: GNB are common UTI causing agent with high prevalence among the women. Sexually active and older age groups are commonly prone for UTI. Cephalosporins are less effective.
Rapid Determination of 18 Pesticides Residues in Vegetables by QuEChERS Cleanup and GC-MS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A simple and rapid method was developed to determine 18 pesticide residues in vegetables by GC-MS.Pesticides were extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned up by dispersive solid phase extraction using primary secondary amine and analyzed by GC-MS under selective ion monitoring mode.Under the optimal chromatographic conditions,a good linear relationship was obtained in the concentration range of 0.036 to 0.36mg/kg.Average recoveries of the pesticides in blank matrix spiked at 0.05 mg/kg and 0.1 mg/kg ranged from 75% to 117%.The limits of detection for 18 pesticides were in the range of 1.0 to 14.8 μg/kg.This method is simple and reproducible and can offer a reliable analytical approach for determining pesticide multi-residues in vegetables.
Fuzzy Decision Support Based on Exact Rule Matching for Liquid Lift Optimization

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract In this paper, we present a data driven methodology for designing a decision support system for controlling the choke setting in a Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS) system based on fuzzy logic. The goal of the fuzzy decision system is to find a choke setting that enhances the amount of liquid offload in different situations and therefore, the production of oil. Historical data are used to establish descriptive rules that represent the production of each well in terms of four influential variables (recommended by experts) and the decision variable (choke setting) in the form of fuzzy IF-THEN rules. Those influential variables and the choke setting constitute the antecedents of the descriptive rules, while the production is in the consequent part of each rule. Each of the variables is described by three fuzzy sets (e.g., Low, Medium, High). These fuzzy sets are established using fuzzy clustering techniques. The goal of the decision system is to make the production High by changing the choke. Since abrupt changes in the choke setting are not desirable, this goal must be achieved by first making the production Medium and then High. In order to realize which conditions yield Low, Medium, or High production, the descriptive rules are grouped according to their consequents. Then, the rules in the group “Low production” are compared with those in the group “Medium production” to find the pairs of rules (each of those two rules is from one of the groups) for which all the antecedents are exactly the same excepting the antecedent that describes the choke setting. This suggests that only changing the choke will result in driving the output of the system (i.e. the production) towards Medium. This calls for establishing a decision rule whose antecedents are the same as those of the compared pair of rules, while whose consequent is a fuzzy set that describes the change in the choke setting, derived by the fuzzy subtraction of the two fuzzy sets describing the choke in each rule in the compared rule pair. Subtraction of fuzzy sets involves fuzzy arithmetic methods such as the α-cut decomposition method and the Extension Principle. The rule comparison procedure is repeated for rules in the groups “Medium production” and “High production” as well. The collection of the decision rules that are synthesized based on comparing descriptive rules comprises the fuzzy decision system for liquid lift optimization. The fuzzy decision system can be implemented using Programmable Logic Controllers that are common in the petroleum industry. In this paper, we present the decisions that the system would make in a real situation, and compare them to the decisions made during a pilot test.
Students Perceptions of the Use of English as Medium of Instruction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to explore the students’ perception of the use of English as Medium of Instruction (EMI) in teaching and learning at SMA Negeri 1 Kota Gorontalo. This explorative qualitative study employed a purposive sampling method. This study involved 112 twelve-grade students from IPA, IPS, and BAHASA majors of SMA Negeri 1 Kota Gorontalo as the subjects. This study utilized questionnaires for data collection, while the Likert Scale and Percentage Formula were performed in data analysis. The result showed that the students had positiveperceptions of the three EMI types of perception: visual, auditory, and speech perception. The average results in visual, auditory, and speech perceptions were 70.96% (‘strongly agree’ category), 70.49% (‘strongly agree’ category), and 57.90% (‘agree’ category). Further study with bigger samples and different subjects is recommended since this research only focuses on students perception of the Use of EMI in Teaching and Learning at SMA Negeri 1 Kota Gorontalo.
Modified Archie’s parameters for estimating water saturation for carbonate reservoir in north of Iraq

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Archie’s parameters, cementation factor ( m ), saturation exponent ( n ) and tortuosity factor ( a ), are general factor that have effects on water saturation magnitude, due to their sensitivity to pores distribution, lithofacies properties and wettability, particularly in carbonate reservoirs. Water saturation magnitude has a direct effect in estimating initial oil-in-place values, and inaccuracy in its values will lead to huge impact errors in initial oil-in-place values, so it would affect the economics of field management and development plans. In this paper, the main objective was to investigate the impact of using conventional and modified Archie’s parameters in the determination of water saturation from well log interpretation for Tertiary reservoir in Khabaz oil field, a heterogenous carbonite reservoir in the north of Iraq which was affected by different digenesis processes that impacted the reservoir quality. Tertiary reservoir of Khabaz field consists of five geological units (A, B, C, D and E), and the selected well penetrated the top of the reservoir at 2200.5 m RTKB and passed through five geological units and reached total depth at 2348 m RTKB. The geothermal gradient of the field was 1.12 ℉ per 100 ft, and formation water resistivity ( Rw ) was about 0.029 Ω m. Water saturation was at first estimated from resistivity logs by Archie model with conventional known values of parameters ( a , m and n ) (1, 2 and 2), respectively, and then Archie’s parameters were modified and determined by graphical technique of Pickett plot for each geological unit to estimate water saturation. Finally, the results show the water saturation value was more sensitive for Archie’s parameter in low-porosity and high-clay-volume zone, but less sensitive in clean high-porosity zone, and water saturation values determined by modified Archie model were less about 18.5% at mean than their value by using conventional Archie’s parameters.