jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Immune stimulative potency of milk proteins].

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Milk proteins are characterized by the highest immune stimulative potency from among all the proteins present in human diet. Whey proteins and numerous growth factors that regulate insulin secretion, differentiation of intestine epithelium cells, and also tissue restoration, are priceless in stimulation the immune system. Lactoferrin shows the most comprehensive pro-health properties: antioxidative, anticancer, immune stimulative and even chemopreventive. Also peptides and amino acids formed from casein and whey proteins possess immune stimulative activity. The most valuable proteins, i.e. lactoferrin, immune globulins, lactoperoxidase and lisozyme, together with bioactive peptides, are resistant to pepsin and trypsin activity. This is why they maintain their exceptional biological activity within human organism. Properly high consumption of milk proteins conditions correct function of immune system, especially at children and elderly persons.
Pottery Technology: Principles and Reconstruction. Owen S. Rye. Manuals on Archaeology, No. 4, Taraxacum, Washington, D.C., 1981. x + 150 pp., illus., biblio., glossary, index. $18.00 (cloth).

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Pottery Technology: Principles and Reconstruction. Owen S. Rye. Manuals on Archaeology, No. 4, Taraxacum, Washington, D.C., 1981. x + 150 pp., illus., biblio., glossary, index. $18.00 (cloth). - Volume 48 Issue 1
Study on a novel chemical slurry and the mechanical behavior of cemented sand

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To enhance the strength and stability of the fine sandy soil in underground engineering construction, a novel chemical slurry was studied. Series of laboratory tests were performed to determine the effect of each component on the rheological properties of grout (e.g. viscosity, gel time and plastic strength). The relationship of the penetrability of grout in sand with different densities was explored by the falling-head permeability test. To assess the performance of cementation, the cemented sand specimens were prepared in the laboratory by hand mixing of grout and loose sand. A range of unconfined uniaxial compression tests, split tensile tests and direct shear tests were performed to determine the effect of several vital factors (e.g. the curing time, grout mix ratio and water content) on the mechanical properties of the cemented sand. As revealed from the results of the experiment, the slurry pertains to Newton fluid in the initial stage, which exhibits lower initial viscosity (2 mPa·s), controllable gel time (5–20 min) and higher plastic strength (35 kPa). In terms of the cemented sand, the maximal cohesion and friction angle is 403.8 kPa and 65°; the biggest compressive strength and tensile strength is 3.68 and 0.37 MPa. The slurry can enhance the strength and stiffness of the loose sand significantly, whereas the degree of improvement is dependent of the grout mix ratio and water content of cemented sand.
Integrated Bioinformatic Approach for Precision Medicine: Prediction of Human GABRG2 Gene Pathogenic Variants, Characterized with Cellular Pathology and Epilepsy Phenotype Severity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Interpreting GABRG2 variants of unknown significance hinders epilepsy precision medicine. Using computer algorithms, our study focused on 156 GABRG2 variants from ClinVar, identifying 10 highly pathogenic variants within the γ2 subunit. Integration with patient mutations and mutagenesis studies locates variants within epileptogenic structural cassettes, aiding phenotype severity and cellular pathology characterization. Our results predict milder phenotypes for 3 N-terminus extracellular domain variants and more severe phenotypes for 7 transmembrane domain variants, linked to cellular pathology with reduced cell surface expression and current. Notably, 4 transmembrane domain variants may distort channel conductance. Our research aligns with ACMG/AMP criteria PP3 and PM1.
Non-Viral Φc31 Integrase Mediated In Vivo Gene Delivery to the Adult Murine Kidney

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Experimental Techniques in Urology & Nephrology Non-Viral Φc31 Integrase Mediated In Vivo Gene Delivery to the Adult Murine Kidney Daniel C Chung1, Matthew C Canver1, Xiaofeng Zuo2 and Jean Bennett and Joshua H Lipschutz2,3* 1FM Kirby Center of Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, USA 2Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, USA 3Department of Medicine, Ralph H Johnson VAMC, USA *Corresponding author: Joshua H Lipschutz, Medical University of South Carolina, Clinical Science Building 829, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA Submission: January 23, 2018;Published: February 05, 2018 DOI: 10.31031/ETUN.2018.01.000518 ISSN: 2578-0395 Volume1 Issue4
THE MECHANISM AND MANAGEMENT OF INJURIES OF THE HEAD

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Great strides have been made in the study of the mechanism and management of injuries of the head during the past ten years. In the present paper it is proposed that the more important of these studies be analyzed.

MECHANISM OF CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA

Injury to the head may occur by direct or indirect violence. In a direct blow the head is relatively fixed and the striking object is in motion. A direct blow may cause compression of the intracranial contents by deformation of the skull, and it may set the head to motion (acceleration). In indirect blows the head in motion comes in contact with a nonmoving or slower moving object. Under these circumstances, compression and deceleration may obtain. Compression, deceleration and acceleration frequently coexist in the usual injuries such as auto accidents, falls, etc.1With direct blows the lesion is more likely to be limited to the head,
Virus-like Particles in Bovine Sera for Tissue Culture

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Virus-like particles were found in nine different bovine sera for tissue culture from commercial suppliers. These particles were spherical with an overall diam. between 70 and 95 nm. After negative staining, surface projections of about 11 to 12 nm were clearly seen. One of the nine sera was positive in an Ouchterlony test with antisera against bovine viral diarrhoea virus.
Rapid prototyping of flexible crystal models

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Crystalline minerals have many interesting properties, and many of these properties have useful applications. By studying the minerals’ crystal structures, their properties and behaviors, can be better understood and appreciated. ‘Balls-and-sticks’ is the very common method used for representing minerals’ crystallographic data. In this project, the crystal structures are to be made ‘flexible’ to imitate certain crystal behaviors, such as polymorphism of silica (SiO2) – one example is the transformation of alpha quartz (at room temperatures and pressures) to beta quartz (at elevated temperatures and pressures), and vice versa. In order to do this, spheres representing the supposedly ‘flexible’ atoms are replaced by spherical/ball joints to induce this flexibility. Two possible approaches exist as to fabrication. The conventional approach involves fabrication using balls-and-sticks. However, this is often too time-consuming, as well as lost of crystallographic accuracy when the structures become larger and more complex. Therefore, rapid-prototyping is chosen to fabricate these crystal structures more efficiently and accurately. In order for the crystal to be rapid-prototyped, a mineral’s crystallographic data is first obtained (as a CIF file), and then opened by a Java-based viewer Jmol. Jmol is a software which permits viewing of crystal structures in real-time 3D. Manipulation such as the displaying n numbers of unit cells to control the size of the crystal structure is possible in Jmol – and upon obtaining the desirable crystal structure (such as structure size, bond size, etc), a ‘snapshot’ of the crystal structure can be captured, and the information is exported to files. These intermediate files are read by an AutoCAD macro, programmed by the author, to replicate the crystal model in the CAD environment. Post-processing is done to ensure the CAD model is fit for fabrication, before it is exported as a stereo-lithography file (STL file) to the rapid-prototyping machine for fabrication. What will ultimately result is an accurate product: a flexible ball-and-stick representation of the crystal structure.
Anisotropy of magnetostatic wave group velocities in ferromagnetic waveguides

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The results of theoretical and experimental study of anisotropic propagation of magnetostatic waves (MSW) in ferromagnetic thin-film microsize waveguides are presented. Electrodynamic model of tangentially magnetized ferromagnetic waveguide is developed. On the base of the model, the main features in rotation of group velocity vector of volume MSW (VMSW) by rotating a wave vector and a vector of an external bias magnetic field relative to the axis of symmetry of the waveguide are demonstrated. It is shown, that a decrease in a width of the waveguide to the micron size leads to non-reciprocal propagation of VMSW and to increase of angular divergence between the phase and group velocities of VMSW. The experimental research of T-shaped ferromagnetic microwaveguide demonstrates the difference in power levels of a signal that is branched in the shoulders of T-shaped waveguide when the bias magnetic field is rotated in the waveguide plane.
Human Resource Scheduling in Project Management Using the Simulated Annealing Algorithm with the Human Factors Engineering Approach

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Manpower scheduling means assigning a work pattern (shift day) according to the wants and needs of the system and the workforce with the goal of minimum cost. Many production and service systems require multiple scheduling. This problem is generally NP‐complete, and it takes a long time to solve it through the current method. Today, several innovative methods have been proposed to solve such problems. In this paper, the simulated annealing method (SA) has been used. The problem in this study is in an oil extraction project for human resource scheduling, which consists of three human resource groups in four task types in oil exploration operations, including geology, geophysics, petrophysics, and oil engineering. To solve the human resource scheduling problem, a meta‐heuristic algorithm called simulated annealing algorithm was applied, and the result indicated that the allocated human resource was scheduled with the least fatigue implementing the proper job rotation.
Circular RNA CircPPP1CB Suppresses Tumorigenesis by Interacting With the MiR-1307-3p/SMG1 Axis in Human Bladder Cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a newly discovered endogenous non-coding RNA (ncRNA), which is characterized with a closed circular structure. A growing body of evidence has verified the vital roles of circRNAs in human cancer. In this research, we selected circPPP1CB as a study object by circRNA sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) validation in human bladder cancer (BC). CircPPP1CB is downregulated in BC and is negatively correlated with clinical stages and histological grades. Functionally, circPPP1CB modulated cell growth, metastasis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in vitro and in vivo . Mechanically, we performed various experiments to verify the circPPP1CB/miR-1307-3p/SMG1 regulatory axis. Taken together, our results demonstrated that circPPP1CB participates in tumor growth, metastasis, and EMT process by interacting with the miR-1307-3p/SMG1 axis, and that circPPP1CB might be a novel therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker in human BC.
Improving interactions of transition-age peers with visual impairment and intellectual disability

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This collaborative action research study addressed the interaction skills of two young adults with visual impairments and intellectual disability in the context of a board game. The intervention involved the use of an adapted board game, four social stories, and rehearsal of game play skills in the context of individual and group therapy sessions. Instructional strategies included clear within and between activity routines, least to most prompting system, sufficient wait time, and modeling of game play behaviors. Both young men improved their initiation skills, terminated interactions appropriately with fewer prompts, and learned some of the elements of board game play. Self-stimulation and anxiety over changes in their daily lives impacted progress. More research is needed to investigate the potential benefit of social stories for students with visual impairments and additional disabilities.
Syntheses from 4-Phenyl-2-piperidone1

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses from 4-Phenyl-2-piperidone1C. F. Koelsch and Robert W. DeNetCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 13, 3271–3272Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1953https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01109a505RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (286 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Sport for all – a Greek Democracy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper takes its starting point in DIF’s “Sport for all” policy and reacts to two statements that were frequently stressed by people in the Danish Football Association during a yearlong fieldwork carried out in 2007. One of the statements was based on strong prejudice towards people with an immigrant background, the other against women. \nAll of our views, prejudiced, or not, are related to knowledge. That knowledge and the lack thereof play an important role in each of our lives should therefore remain unchallenged. Consequently, accessibility to the different arenas where knowledge is created and communicated is of greatest importance. This applies to all of us, both laypersons and researchers. We are all in need of acquiring knowledge, but as researcher we have a greater responsibility in producing and diffusing this knowledge. \nThis paper will illustrate and problemize the actual knowledge gap that exist between the Danish FA and the reality it organises and how this affects the potential social capital at both ends, at the same time as it challenge our role as researchers. Were does it start and where does it end?
Evaluation and Association Mapping of Resistance to Tan Spot and Stagonospora Nodorum Blotch in Adapted Winter Wheat Germplasm

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Tan spot and Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), often occurring together, are two economically significant diseases of wheat in the Northern Great Plains of the United States. They are caused by the fungi Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and Parastagonospora nodorum, respectively, both of which produce multiple necrotrophic effectors (NE) to cause disease. In this work, 120 hard red winter wheat (HRWW) cultivars or elite lines, mostly from the United States, were evaluated in the greenhouse for their reactions to the two diseases as well as NE produced by the two pathogens. One P. nodorum isolate (Sn4) and four Pyrenophora tritici-repentis isolates (Pti2, 331-9, DW5, and AR CrossB10) were used separately in the disease evaluations. NE sensitivity evaluation included ToxA, Ptr ToxB, SnTox1, and SnTox3. The numbers of lines that were rated highly resistant to individual isolates ranged from 11 (9%) to 30 (25%) but only six lines (5%) were highly resistant to all isolates, indicating limited sources of resistance to both diseases in the U.S. adapted HRWW germplasm. Sensitivity to ToxA was identified in 83 (69%) of the lines and significantly correlated with disease caused by Sn4 and Pti2, whereas sensitivity to other NE was present at much lower frequency and had no significant association with disease. As expected, association mapping located ToxA and SnTox3 sensitivity to chromosome arm 5BL and 5BS, respectively. A total of 24 potential quantitative trait loci was identified with −log (P value) > 3.0 on 12 chromosomes, some of which are novel. This work provides valuable information and tools for HRWW production and breeding in the Northern Great Plains.
The story of a young man

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A bright young man decided he wanted to make the removal of suffering his mission. He also loved to understand human nature. So he chose psychiatry as his branch.

He studied hard. He mastered his textbooks, he attended the lectures and tutorials, he attended the ward rounds and grand rounds, he took and presented case histories, he admired his teachers, he looked up to the greats in his field with awe.

He wanted to do research and went about it in right earnest. But when the time came for publication, he was not the principal author. The Head of department was. He wanted to pursue further research, but his Head was interested in clinical trials that got money for the department, and free sponsored trips for him. The young man too got the sponsored trips to conferences to present papers. And since his Head was well known, his papers were appreciated, and got him further opportunities. The pharmaceutical companies took charge of financial matters, and he learnt the tricks of the trade quickly.

He wanted posts and publications, and his flexible nature and compliant attitude with his bosses ensured both. He got to know what was current coin in his field and starting mouthing it on suitable occasions in conferences, seminars and workshops to get approving nodes from seniors. He started climbing the ropes first gradually, then with greater speed. He enjoyed the heady feel of success as he ascended up the ladder, knowing and learning quickly which side the bread was buttered. And also learned whose feathers not to ruffle, and whom to cozy with.

His publications list swelled, his invitations to CMEs and as speaker at other forums increased. All the time what he had learnt from his bosses served as a torchbearer.

He himself had bright students. They looked up to him in open-mouthed awe. He gave them research projects, got them stipends, but saw to it that he became the principal author. They quietly acquiesced, since they wanted to remain in favour. It served both parties very well indeed.

Awards, orations, posts, groupism, politics, became his major activity. Bright students handled research in any case, so that was taken care of. A cozy relationship with pharmaceutical companies looked after all expenses of attending conferences, and even organising them. So Regional, then National and later even International ones followed one after the other, adding feathers to his cap.

Research done by his Department always kept up with current trends, and quoted extensively from numerous authorities abroad.

Name and fame were not far behind. It was fashionable to sound like a thinker so a couple of papers on ancient Indian concepts in mental health were written, while seeing to it no serious foray into any allied field occurred, for psychiatry had to always stress and re-stress its linkage with its parent branch—medicine.

One more psychiatrist made his mark in his field.

One more opportunity lost for Indian psychiatry to make its mark in the field of world psychiatry.
Urban Regeneration and Green and Blue Infrastructure: The Case of the “Acilia–Madonnetta” Urban and Metropolitan Centrality in the Municipality of Rome

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

To contribute to the debate on climate-proof urban regeneration, the illustrated study seeks to understand how the provision of new multiscalar, multidimensional, and integrated planning tools based on sustainable and resilient strategies can guarantee high levels of urban, environmental, and energy efficiency and quality, as well as circularity of resources, counteracting the effects deriving from climate change. Starting from some regulatory and design references that integrate a new ecologically oriented city model into the planning of urban projects, the contribution identifies in the construction of green and blue infrastructures (GI) new design metaphors capable of improving biodiversity; favoring ecological and energy transition; restoring the quality of the air, water, and soil environmental matrices with natural solutions; and making cities truly inclusive, sustainable, and resilient. The methodology adopted for the design of the “Acilia–Madonnetta” Urban and Metropolitan Centrality in the Municipality of Rome simulates a planning process for part of the X Municipality by applying an iterative and interscalar logic, an articulation of levels and phases with the aim of prefiguring the construction of a GI characterized by new ecological-environmental and functional endowments strictly related to the promotion of an efficient, smart, and green city. The contribution highlights the potential and limits of the proposed experimentation, relating both to the quality and innovation of design solutions and possible evolutionary lines and to the lack of clear institutional governance that is limiting the implementation of projects.
[Survey on infection source of a cold-chain product associated COVID-19 epidemic caused by 2019-nCoV Delta variant in Beijing].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To investigate the source and the transmission chain of a cold-chain product associated COVID-19 epidemic caused by 2019-nCoV Delta variant in Beijing. Methods: Epidemiological investigation were used to verify the exposure points of the cases. Close contacts were traced from the exposure points, and human and environmental samples were collected for nucleic acid tests. Positive samples were analyzed by gene sequencing. Results: A total of 112 cases of COVID-19 were reported in the epidemic from January 18 to February 6, 2022 in Beijing. Except for 1 case was uncertain, there were epidemiological links among 111 cases. The source of infection was the packages of imported cold-chain products from Southeast Asia, which were harvested and stored in a local cold-storage in January 2021, and packaged and sent to the cold-storage A in A district in June 2021, and then sold in batches in cold-storage B in B district from January 2022. The first case was infected in the handling of positive frozen products, and then 77 cases occurred due to working, eating and living together with the index case in the cold-storage B, cold-storage C and restaurant D. Besides the cold-storage B, C and the restaurant D, there were 16 sub-transmission chains, resulting in additional 35 cases. Conclusion: The epidemic indicated that the risk of 2019-nCoV infection from imported cold-chain products contaminated by package and highlighted the importance to strengthen the management of cold-chain industry in future.