jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Relaxing the straight male anus: Decreasing homohysteria around anal eroticism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examines the practice and perception of receptive anal eroticism among 170 heterosexual undergraduate men in a US university. We analyze the social stigmas on men’s anal pleasure through the concept of homohysteria, which describes a cultural myth that the wrongdoing of gender casts homosexual suspicion onto heterosexual men. For men’s anal eroticism, this means that only gay, emasculated or gender deviant men are thought to enjoy anal pleasure. We suggest, however, that decreasing homohysteria has begun to erode this cultural ‘ban’ on anal stimulation for straight men. Our data finds self-identified straight university-aged men questioning cultural narratives that conflate anal receptivity with homosexuality and emasculation. We also show that 24 percent of our respondents have, at least once, received anal pleasure. These results suggest that cultural taboos around men’s anal pleasure may be shifting for younger men and the boundaries of straight identity expanding. We call for further research to clarify how anal erotic norms are shifting among men of different racial, geographic, socioeconomic, and age demographics, and to determine how these shifts may foster more pluralistic and inclusive views of gender and sexuality.
Quantitative Proteomic Profiling of Fungal Growth, Development, and Ochratoxin A Production in Aspergillus ochraceus on High- and Low-NaCl Cultures

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Dry-cured meat products are worldwide food with high-salt content, and filamentous fungi are beneficial to the maturation process. However, some salt-tolerant strains of Aspergillus and Penicillium produce ochratoxin A (OTA) on these products and thus threaten food safety. In our study, proteomic analysis was performed to reveal the mechanism of adaptability to high-salt environment by Aspergillus ochraceus. Twenty g/L and 70 g/L NaCl substrates were used to provide medium- and high-NaCl content environments, respectively. The NaCl addition could induce fungal growth, but only 20 g/L NaCl addition could induce spore production while 70 g/L repressed it. Proteomics analysis identified 2646 proteins in A. ochraceus fc-1, of which 237 and 251 were differentially expressed with 20 g/L and 70 g/L NaCl addition, respectively. Potential factors affecting fungal growth and development were identified by GO and KEGG analyses of biological process, cellular component, and molecular function terms. The results revealed that ergosterol synthesis pathway was significantly upregulated with 20 g/L and 70 g/L NaCl addition. However, fungal growth and development including OTA production were complex processes associated with many factors including nutrient uptake, cell membrane integrity, cell cycle, energy metabolism, intracellular redox homeostasis, protein synthesis and processing, autophagy, and secondary metabolism. Reactive oxygen species may be an important window to understand the mechanism that medium-salt content was conducive to intracellular signal transduction while high-salt content caused oxidative stress. The findings would help to improve the processes and storage conditions of dry-cured meat products.
Evaluating Usability of IFML Models

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

System acceptance is strongly related to its usability. It is important that the usability is carefully designed during the system design steps and later propagated to the interface. This care avoids reworking the interface design of an application in the future because of its usability. However, we did not find works that specifically addresses the modeling of interfaces in conjunction with usability. The Interaction Flow Modeling Language (IFML) is a proposal that supports the modeling of the interface. This work investigates the following research question: "usability in IFML models is perceived and propagated to the final interface?" In order to answer this research question, we performed an empirical study to evaluate how usability is perceived by participants through IFML models and if usability is propagated to an interface prototype. The study showed that not all aspects of usability are easily perceived and propagated in the interface through IFML models.
Enhancing performance of the space/spatial-frequency optimal filter based on the pipelining technique application

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Possibility of the pipelining technique application in a highly nonstationary two-dimensional (2D) frequency-modulated (FM) signals estimation is considered in this paper. The considered design technique allows the implemented filter to overlape in execution unconditional steps performing in neighboring space/spatial-frequency (S/SF) instants and, consequently, to significantly improve execution time of the 2D nonstationary Wiener filter based on the 2D cross-terms-free Wigner distribution (2D CTFWD) real-time implementation and on the 2D CTFWD-related local frequency (LF) estimation in a noisy environment. In this way, the improvement in execution time corresponding to the one clock cycle (CLK) by a S/SF point is achieved, which means that the improvement by a S/SF point can reach 50% in most S/SF points. The design and its improvement in execution time are tested on the monocomponent and multicomponent highly nonstationary noisy signals.
Prospective Elementary Teachers' Conceptual Understanding of Integers

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

AbstractAbstractThis investigation examined the degree to which prospective elementary teachers had developed a meaningful and conceptual understanding of what integers are and explored their development of models for multiplication with integers that are related to everyday activities. Additionally, this study explored how these understandings informed prospective elementary teachers envisioning of their teaching of integers concepts and integers with operations to their future students.
Understanding the Steric Structures of Dicarboxylate Ions Incorporated in Octacalcium Phosphate Crystals

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) can incorporate various dicarboxylate ions in the interlayer spaces of its layered structure. Although not proven, these incorporated ions are believed to have a linear structure. In this study, the steric structures of twelve different dicarboxylate ions incorporated into OCP were investigated by comparing the experimentally determined interlayer distance of the OCP with the distance estimated using the molecular sizes of dicarboxylic acids calculated by considering their steric structures. The results revealed that the incorporated succinate, glutarate, adipate, pimelate, suberate, and aspartate ions possessed linear structures, whereas the incorporated azelate, sebacate, methylsuccinate, and malate ions exhibited bent structures. Further, the incorporated mercaptosuccinate ions featured linear, bent, other types of structures. Moreover, the steric structure of the incorporated malonate ion significantly differed from those of other dicarboxylate ions. The computational approach employed in this study is expected to deepen our understanding of the steric structures of dicarboxylate ions incorporated in the OCP interlayer spaces.
Psychiatric symptoms as predictors of mortality in continuing care geriatric inpatients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract All patients ( N = 74) in continuing care geriatric beds in a London health district were screened for psychiatric morbidity and physical dependency in 1990. The sample was followed up 1 year after screening, forty‐four percent were dead at follow‐up. The relationship between individual psychiatric symptoms and mortality is reported. Using these associations, two scales to predict mortality were constructed and their usefulness is discussed.
Abstract 029: Loss Of The Circadian Protein Per1 In The Dahl Salt-sensitive Rat Causes Exacerbation Of Diurnal Blood Pressure And Disruption Of Electrolyte Homeostasis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Circadian rhythm is the 24-hr cycle experienced by most organisms which influences many physiological processes. Rhythms in physiological function are governed by a molecular circadian clock. Disruption of the circadian rhythm has been linked to deleterious cardiovascular outcomes, including the exacerbation of hypertension. The circadian clock is maintained by a group of transcription factors, including the protein Period 1 (encoded by PER1 gene), which regulate the expression of many different target genes in a tissue-specific manner. Previous studies in mice have shown that knockout of PER1 affects their ability to maintain proper sodium and blood pressure homeostasis. We hypothesized that the global knockout of PER1 on the Dahl salt-sensitive background (SS Per1-/- ) will affect the development of salt-sensitive blood pressure. Following the high salt diet, SS Per1-/- rats experienced reduced weight gain (344 ± 7 vs 280 ± 9 g, p<0.001), excreted less sodium (17.3 ± 1.1 vs 12.1 ± 1.0 Na + /Cre, p=0.021), and exhibited reduced plasma potassium (3.6 ± 0.1 vs 3.0 ± 0.1 mM, p=0.005) and creatinine clearance (126.0 ± 23.8 vs 64.7 ± 5.9 mL/hr, p=0.008). Additionally, the SS Per1-/- group displayed increased renal tissue damage quantified by cortical fibrosis (0.9 ± 0.4 vs 6.2 ± 1.6 % area, p=0.011) and medullary protein casts (7.4 ± 0.9 vs 24.3 ± 4.0 % area, p=0.003). Examining the diurnal mean arterial pressure revealed no difference between SS and SS Per1-/- during their inactive day/light cycle (121.0 ± 1.8 vs 122.0 ± 1.9 mmHg, p=0.792), or their active night/dark cycle (127.2 ± 2.2 vs 127.6 ± 1.4 mmHg, p=0.883) when on a normal salt diet. However, after three weeks on a high salt 4% NaCl diet, SS Per1-/- animals experienced an exacerbated blood pressure during both the light (167.5 ± 3.7 vs 190.9 ± 7.2 mmHg, p=0.020) and dark (177.7 ± 3.4 vs 195.4 ± 4.5 mmHg, p=0.014) cycles. In the following analysis, we compared tissues, plasma, and electrolytes from SS Per1-/- and SS rats collected at 2 am and 2 pm. The conducted analysis revealed a number of pathways differently regulated during day and night cycles. In summary, our data indicate that global knockout of PER1 exacerbates salt-sensitive blood pressure development, disrupts electrolyte homeostasis, and aggravates renal damage.
Physicochemical Features of the Sorption of 4-Hydroxy-3-Methoxybenzaldehyde by Norit GAC 1240W Activated Carbon Under Static Conditions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Equilibrium characteristics of the sorption of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (vanillin) by Norit GAC 1240W activated carbon are studied at different temperatures. It is found that the sorption of this substituted hydroxybenzaldehyde by activated carbon is of a monomolecular character in the investigated range of temperatures and is described by the Langmuir equation. Values of the thermodynamic characteristics of the sorption of vanillin by the given sorbent are obtained, and it is established that the process is exothermic. It is shown that when the considered hydroxybenzaldehyde is sorbed by granular Norit activated carbon, the entropy factor makes a key contribution to the free energy of the process. The effect temperature has on the kinetics of vanillin sorption is investigated, and the time to reach equilibrium in the sorbent–sorbate system is determined. It is established experimentally that the stage of external diffusion of the sorbate limits the sorption of vanillin by Norit activated carbon throughout the studied range of temperatures.
Effect of vpd, K nutrition and root-zone temperature on leaf area development, accumulation of Ca and K and yield in tomato

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SummaryCrop scale experiments were carried out in 1998/99 to investigate the individual and interactive effects of vapour pressure deficit (vpd), root-zone temperature (RZT) and potassium nutrient feed concentration on the accumulation of Ca and K in shoot tissues, vegetative growth, fruit yield and quality in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). RZT and K nutrition had no detectable effect on growth but high K nutrition (10.mM) compared with the low (4.mM) increased the accumulation of K in the leaves and older fruits. In contrast, severe deficiencies of K were detected in young expanding lea¯ets (0.66±0.75%) near to the shoot apex under high (0.1.kPa vpd) compared with control humidity (1.50±2.03%; 0.5.kPa vpd). The accumulation of Ca was either unaffected or increased in leaf tissue at high humidity. Fruits developing on trusses in the top half of the shoot had markedly lower K concentrations under high humidity. In contrast the concentration of Ca was increased in fruit. The area of individual leave...
IMPACT OF VERIFICATION TRIAL ON FARMERS’ ADOPTION OF PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN POTATO

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The potato productivity in Himachal Pradesh (115.5 q/ha) is far below the national average due to rainfed conditions, unavailability of healthy seed and inadequate plant protection measures. In the spring crop of potato grown at an altitude of 1500 meter above msl, the incidence of leaf spot complex (early and phoma blight) and cutworms is very high. The farmers do not use any control measures against these pests. Verification trials were conducted on the management of these pests by the IVLP team of CPRI in Rampur-Keonthal and Baghi panchayats during 1999-2004 by adopting the recommended scientific practices. The trials were conducted on 25 different farmers’ fields every year. For this purpose two types of field plots (400 sq. m. each) were kept side by side, viz., control plot with farmers’ practices and demonstration plot with recommended scientific practices. For the management of leaf spot complex, 2 sprays of Mancozeb (0.25%) and Urea (1%) at 15 days interval were suggested. This resulted in reduction in the incidence of the diseases from 9.4 per cent in the control plot to 3.1 per cent in the demonstration plot. The yield also increased by 24.7 q/ha, there by improving the benefit-cost ratio from 2.0 to 2.3. For the management of cutworms, drenching of ridges with Chlorpyriphos (0.25%) was suggested. It brought down the infestation of cutworms from 2.8 per cent in the control plot to 0.4 per cent in the demonstration plot. The marketable yield increased by 26.3 q/ha leading to an improvement in benefit-cost ratio from 2.4 to 2.6. The impact on technology adoption was assessed by comparing the adoption level of adopted and non-adopted farmers. The impact study was conducted in March, 2005 by selecting a sample of 10 per cent of respondents from the adopted and non-adopted categories. It was found that the adoption level of the recommended practices increased from 28.20 per cent among the non-adopted category to 40.55 per cent among adopted category. The ‘t’ value of the mean difference of adopted and non-adopted categories was found to be 2.55, which was significant at 0.05 level of probability. It can be concluded that the effect of verification trials on technology dissemination and control of potato pests was substantial. The technology also got diffused among the non-adopted category of farmers in a span of 4 years, which is evidenced by the fact that 28.20 per cent of the technology is also adopted by the non-adopted category of farmers.
Human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract It was not until around 2000 that human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal carcinoma was recognized as carcinoma with clinical presentations different from nonrelated head and neck carcinoma. Twenty years after and with the revision of the tumor–node–metastasis classification in 2017, various clinical trials focused on human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal carcinoma to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients with this disease. However, the incidence of human papillomavirus-related cancers is increasing, which is expected to be particularly prominent in Japan, where human papillomavirus vaccination is not widely available. In this review, we describe the current status of clinical trials (mainly focused on initial surgery and radiation dose reduction) for, primary and secondary prevention of, and the present status of human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal carcinoma in Japan.
CT Image Standardization Using Deep Image Synthesis Models

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Radiomics is a growing field for quantitative image analysis, but the lack of imaging standards hinders the progress of radiomics in large-scale cancer studies. Radiomic features are turned to bias to the scanners or the acquisition protocols used. High-quality image standardization is crucial for the advancement of radiomics. The recently developed deep learning-based image synthesis models show prominence in CT image standardization. This review introduces the development and evaluation of deep image synthesis-based CT image standardization models for generating reliable radiomic features.
Water resources and potential effects of ground-water development in Maggie, Marys, and Susie Creek basins, Elko and Eureka counties, Nevada

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The basins of Maggie, Marys, and Susie Creeks in northeastern Nevada are along the Carline trend, an area of large, low-grade gold deposits. Pumping of ground water, mostly for pit dewatering at one of the mines, will reach maximum rates of about 70,000 acre-ft/yr (acre-feet per year) around the year 2000. This pumping is expected to affect ground-water levels, streamflow, and possibly the flow of Carlin spring, which is the water supply for the town of Carlin, Nev. Ground water in the upper Maggie Creek Basin moves from recharge areas in mountain ranges toward the basin axis and discharges as evapotranspiration and as inflow to the stream channel. Ground water in the lower Maggie, Marys, and Susie Creek Basins moves southward from recharge areas in mountain ranges and along the channel of lower Maggie Creek to the discharge area along the Humboldt River. Ground-water underflow between basins is through permeable bedrock of Schroeder Mountain from the upper Maggie Creek Basin to the lower Maggie Creek Basin and through permeable volcanic rocks from lower Maggie Creek to Carlin spring in the Marys Creek Basin. The only source of water to the combined area of the three basins is an estimated 420,000 acre-ft/yr of precipitation. Water leaves as runoff (38,000 acre-ft/yr) and evapotranspiration of soil moisture and ground water (380,000 acre-ft/yr). A small part of annual precipitation (about 25,000 acre-ft/yr) infiltrates the soil zone and becomes ground-water recharge. This ground water eventually is discharged as evapotranspiration (11,000 acre-ft/yr) and as inflow to the Humboldt River channel and nearby springflow (7,000 acre-ft/yr). Total discharge is estimated to be 18,000 acre-ft/yr.
LHD 1p5-L_LU_Div03 #172966.5 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 1.5-L port camera, where ROI is (895,255) - (967,312) of the original image of 1920x1080. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.
Minimalexpression ofmyotonic dystrophy: a clinical andmolecular analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A clinical and molecularstudyis reported of83patients considered tobe minimallyaffected withmyotonicdystrophy(DM).Thesehadbeenidentified inthreeways:60subjects wereidentified onclinical groundsandweredivided into thosewithand thosewithoutneuromuscular involvement (groups IandII); ninesubjects wereathighriskofcarryingtheDM genebuthadanormalphenotype(groupIII); and14wereparents of definitely affected patients whereneither parentshowedclinical abnormalities (groupIV).PCR analysis oftheCTG repeat intheDM geneshowedarangeof 70to230repeats fortheyoungeratrisk patients ingroupIII, whiletheasymptomaticgenecarriers ingroupIVhad53to 60repeats. Thesensitivity ofdiagnosis by EMG wasfoundtobe39%.Forophthalmicsignsthiswas97-5%. Thissuggests thatassignment onthebasis ofminimal clinical features carries a significant error. Molecular analysis, inconjunction withestablished clinical investigations, shouldprovevaluable intheidentificationandexclusion ofminimalmyotonic dystrophy. (JMedGenet1992;29:770-3)
Reframing Irish Youth in the Sixties

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Reframing Irish Youth in the Sixties focuses on the position of youth in the Republic of Ireland at a time when the meaning of youth was changing internationally. It argues that the reformulation of youth as a social category was a key element of social change. While emigration was the key youth issue of the 1950s, in this period young people became a pivotal point around which a new national project of economic growth hinged. Transnational ideas and international models increasingly framed Irish attitudes to young people’s education, welfare and employment. At the same time Irish youths were participants in a transnational youth culture that appeared to challenge the status quo. This book examines the attitudes of those in government, the media, in civil society organisations and religious bodies to youth and young people, addressing new manifestations of youth culture and new developments in youth welfare work. In using youth as a lens, this book takes an innovative approach that enables a multi-faceted examination of the sixties, providing fresh perspectives on key social changes and cultural continuities.
Physicochemical Characteristics of Ponciri Fructus in Relation to Drying Treatment

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of drying methods on the physicochemical characteristics of Ponciri fructus. Immature fruits of Poncirus trifoliata were harvested, dried by shade, infrared, or freeze drying, and powdered to size of 20 mesh. Then, extracted for 3 hrs with hot-water or 40% ethanol(80℃). Freeze dried powder showed significantly higher L and -a value. The content of hesperidin was not affected by drying methods. The yield was the highest from freeze drying. Water extracts showed significantly more browning color, and higher acidity and total sugar content than those of ethanol extracts. Acidity and total sugar of water extracts were the highest in infrared drying and freeze drying, respectively. Browning color, pH, acidity and total sugar of ethanol extracts were not affected by the drying methods. The results suggest that freeze drying has a beneficial effects to enhance the quality of Ponciri fructus.
Suppl Figure 3 from FSTL1 Promotes Metastasis and Chemoresistance in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma through NFκB–BMP Signaling Cross-talk

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>FSTL1(+) cells in ESCC clinical samples that received (with treatment, n = 22) or did not receive (without treatment, n = 15) chemotherapy treatment prior to resection, as detected by IHC analyses.</p>