jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Attitudes towards Doula Support during Pregnancy by Clients, Doulas, and Labor-and-Delivery Nurses: A Case Study from Tampa, Florida

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: This study evaluated the supportive role of doulas provided by The Central Hillsborough Healthy Start (CHHS) Program to inner city women during pregnancy and delivery and assessed the reaction of labor and delivery (L&D) nurses to the presence of the doulas. The personal benefits of being a doula are also reported. Through surveys with 142 doula clients at the two participating hospitals and interviews with 18 doula clients, 9 doulas, and 10 L&D nurses from both hospitals, the authors found that 91 percent of women credited doulas with enhancing their birth experience and 87 percent reported that they would use a doula again. Women found the doula experience positive, although lack of doula continuity reduced the level of satisfaction. Doulas themselves reported both increased personal self-esteem and confidence as parents. L&D nurses reported that doulas were competent, helpful, and able to fit into the hospital environment. Doulas were found to provide four kinds of support including physical comfort, physical assistance, socioemotional support, and verbal support.
Metastatic Male Breast Cancer to Colon

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy afflicting women. However, the frequency of breast cancer in men is less than 1% of all breast cancers. With early diagnosis and treatment, many women may become long-term breast cancer survivors. The most common metastatic sites for breast cancer are bone, lung, and liver. An uncommon metastatic site of colon cancer in both men and women is the colon. Colonic metastasis of breast cancer is extremely rare and can mimick primary colon adenocarcinoma. There are only a handful of cases which have been reported to date. Case Report: The patient is an 86-year-old Caucasian man with past medical history of HTN, hyperlipidemia, NIDDM, and CHF who presented to the tertiary care center for evaluation of hematochezia. He denied any abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting or hemetemesis. He had never previously experienced bloody stools and never underwent a colonoscopic examination. The patient retired from working at a glass and china factory, rarely drank alcohol, and never smoked or used recreational drugs. There was no family history of any cancer. On examination, his vital signs were stable. There was a left sided firm breast mass. The abdomen was soft, non tender and not distended. His rectal exam demonstrated a large amount of fresh red blood in the rectal vault. Initial lab evaluations showed WBC of 10.7, Hemoglobin of 5.8 and platelets of 13,000. He underwent multiple pRBC and platelet transfusions. After adequate resuscitation, he underwent urgent colonoscopy which showed severe diverticulosis with no active bleeding, also a single 1cm smooth sessile cecal polyp, and a large semi-pedunculated polypoid mass measuring 2.5 cm in the ascending colon. Pathologic evaluation of the tissue biopsies was performed, using immunohistochemical stains including cytokeratin7, CK 20, ER antibody, CDX-2. The cecal polyp showed a tubular adenoma. The ascending colon mass showed metastatic lobular mammary carcinoma involving a tubular adenoma. Further work-up revealed axillary lymphadenopathy and metastasis to bone marrow. The patient was started on tamoxifen. Two months later, the patient expired in a nursing home. Metastatic breast cancer can affect many organs including the gastrointestinal tract. Infiltrating lobular carcinoma more commonly metastasize to gastrointestinal tract compare to infiltrating ductal carcinoma. However, metastatic involvement of the large bowel is rare.Immunohistochemistry has aided in differentiating the tumor site of origin. Metastatic male breast cancer involving the colon is a rare entity. This unusual process of tumor migration raises the question of preprogrammed cellular activity in certain individuals.
Factors affecting survival in Gastric Adenocarcinoma at a Non-Cancer Center – A 20-year retrospective review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction:Although the incidence of gastric cancer has decreased over the last several decades, it continues to be the second most common cause of cancer death world-wide.While much of the current literature focuses on adjuvant and neo-adjuvant treatment of gastric cancer, there remains a relative paucity of longitudinal studies across low volume non-cancer hospitals.In this retrospective study, we set out to review our institutional data from the last two decades to look for any improvement in the outcomes of gastric cancerpatients and the factors responsible.Methods: Data was collected from a tertiarycare hospital tumor registry and a total of 297 patients with gastric cancer were analyzed.Based on the date of surgery, these 297 patients were divided into Group 1 (1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)with 169 patients and Group 2 (2001-2010)with 128 patients.The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis and the curveswere compared using the log-rank test.Results: Incomparing data between the two decades, average number of nodes dissected was 10 in group I while it was 15 in group II.The main difference between both groups,however,was an improved 5-year survival of 47% in Group II vs. 29% in Group I. Also significant was the fact that 49% of patients had stage 3+ disease at diagnosis in Group 1, compared to 30.4% in Group 2 (p<0.001/0.0089).No microscopic evidence of tumor at the margins of resection was found in 82% of patients in both groups.Although there was no statistical significance, there was a trend towards increased use of adjuvant chemo-radiation in Group II. Conclusion:Our study demonstratesan improvement in survival over the last decade in patients with gastric cancer.This trend seems to be as a result of early diagnosis of gastric cancer, negative resection margins and more radicalnodal dissection.
Abdominal Aorta Anastomotic False Aneurysm Leading to Double Focal Vertebral Body Erosion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Anastomotic aortic false aneurysm with consequent erosion of vertebral bodies is a very rare event that needs prompt treatment. We report the case of a 71-year-old man with an aortobifemoral graft that was complicated by an uninfected proximal anastomotic pseudoaneurysm with double focal vertebral body erosion.
Mevlana psychology: Rumi’s contributions to mental health concept and practice development

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Although Rumi's ideas have been widely recognized in Western psychology, only little scholarly attention has been paid to his notion of mental health. Therefore, this article aims to describe the ideas of mental health depicted in Rumi's thought. This article also presents the contribution of Rumi's thoughts to psychotherapy practices. By engaging critically primary and secondary sources on Rumi's works and other literature about his thoughts, this study shows that Rumi offers three dimensions of mental health: spiritual, cognitive, and emotional. These dimensions of Rumi's mental health concept help us better understand and apply psychotherapy practices, including logotherapy, mindfulness, and cognitive therapy.
Isolation of the Autoinducer-Quenching Strain that Inhibits LasR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Quorum sensing (QS) has been recognized as a general phenomenon in microorganisms and plays an important role in many pathogenic bacteria. In this report, we used the Agrobacterium tumefaciens biosensor strain NT1 to rapidly screen for autoinducer-quenching inhibitors from bacteria. After initial screening 5389 isolates obtained from land and beach soil, 53 putative positive strains were identified. A confirmatory bioassay was carried out after concentrating the putative positive culture supernatant, and 22 strains were confirmed to have anti-LasR activity. Finally, we determined the strain JM2, which could completely inhibit biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, belonged to the genus Pseudomonas by analysis of 16S rDNA. Partially purified inhibitor factor(s) F5 derived from culture supernatants specifically inhibited LasR-controlled elastase and protease in wild type P. aeruginosa PAO1 by 68% and 73%, respectively, without significantly affecting growth; the rhl-controlled pyocyanin and rhamnolipids were inhibited by 54% and 52% in the presence of 100 µg/mL of F5. The swarming motility and biofilm of PAO1 were also inhibited by F5. Real time RT-PCR on samples from 100 µg/mL F5-treated P. aeruginosa showed downregulation of autoinducer synthase (LasRI and rhlI) and cognate receptor (lasR and rhlR) genes by 50%, 28%, 48%, and 29%, respectively. These results provide compelling evidence that the F5 inhibitor(s) interferes with the las system and significantly inhibits biofilm formation.
Analysis of Machine Learning Techniques Applied to the Classification of Masses and Microcalcification Clusters in Breast Cancer Computer-Aided Detection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Breast cancer is one of the most common and deadliest types of cancer among women and early detection is of major importance to decrease mortality rates. Microcalcification clusters and masses are two major indicators of malignancy in the early stages of this disease, when mammography is typically used as the screening technology. Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems can support the radiologists’ work, by performing a double-reading process, which provides a second opinion that the physician can take into account in the detection process. This paper presents a CAD model based on computer vision procedures for locating suspicious regions that are later analyzed by artificial neural networks, support vector machines and linear discriminant analysis, to classify them into benign or malignant, based on a set of features that are extracted from lesions to characterize their visual content. A genetic algorithm is used to find the subset of features that provide the greatest discriminant power. Our results show that the SVM presented the highest overall accuracy and specificity for classifying microcalcification clusters, while the NN outperformed the rest for mass-classification in the same parameters. Overall accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were measured.
Leadership, curriculum, instruction, and accountability scores : evidence from Kentucky scholastic audits.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

High-stakes accountability, standards for improvement, global perspectives, and social considerations are re-defining the educational process. These powerful forces shake foundations and traditions, restructure organizational expectations, and change the role of all stakeholders. As these tremors reach the local school level, tremendous pressure is applied to respond precipitously. Measurement of school performance against standards places deficiencies in the limelight. At the local level, Kentucky school principals bear the primary burden for school success as clearly defined by the state's accountability system. Based on Kentucky's Standards and Indicators for School Improvement and its accompanying Scholastic Audit procedures, an explicit purpose of this study is to identify critical factors relevant to principals and their impact on accountability goals through leadership, curriculum decisions, and instructional practice within their buildings. Data from 181 audited elementary schools are compared to Academic Index scores to determine the effect of principals on student outcomes, both directly and indirectly as mediated by curriculum and instruction. Kentucky's accountability process assigns high stakes responsibility to school leadership, particularly in the area of instructional leadership. Most researchers agree that principal effects on student achievement are primarily a mediated effect. In the study model, Instruction accounts for 36% of the vi variance in Academic Index. Leadership in turn explains 36% of the variance in Instruction. Curriculum produced little of the Academic Index variance and Leadership accounts for only a small amount of achievement variance directly. The study quantifies achievement effects of elementary principals, exposes the reality of leadership in a high-stakes accountability environment, and discusses gaps in the support needed by school leaders to achieve accountability goals. Results are embedded in demographic variables and reveal new insights for improving struggling schools. Regression analyses reveal relationships and the extent to which variability of school achievement results is explained by Kentucky Standards--Curriculum, Instruction, and Leadership. Findings reveal important, research based, understanding of Kentucky's whole-school improvement model and details specific considerations for elementary school leadership. These analyses provide hope that Kentucky's most disadvantaged schools may finally have an improvement process that is equal to the challenge.
Development of Pipelined Blowfish Algorithm with Memory based S-Box

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The main aim in the design of any encryption algorithm is to provide security against unauthorized attacks. With the fast progression of digital data exchange information security has become an important issue in data communication. Encryption algorithms play an important role in information security system. These algorithms consume a significant amount of computing resources such as CPU time, memory, and battery power. The data encryption algorithms should provide security and also should not be slow in performance because it is a common practice to embed encryption algorithms in other applications. Embedding of encryption algorithms in other applications also precludes a hardware implementation, and is thus a major cause of degraded overall performance of the system. Advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm is used for protection against various classes of wireless attacks but it consumes more core area and power. Hence, we propose a development of pipelined Blowfish algorithm as an alternative security algorithm. In this paper the pipelined blowfish algorithm with memory based S box(with different memory sizes) has been developed and simulated using Xilinx Ise 14.2 using Verilog HDL using Zynq7000. The memory-based method is used to optimize the performance of Blowfish. The performance is analyzed in terms of its area, power and throughput.
The heat transfer research of high vacuum multi-layers insulating cryogenic vessel after vacuum loss

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Sudden and complete vacuum loss is a serious accident which probably happens on a multilayer insulated vessel.For the multilayer insulated vessel use of safety,heat leakage after vacuum loss is an important parameter for multilayer insulated vessel design.A study was done on an industrialized multilayer insulated vessel calorimetric with liquid nitrogen as the medium,and the heat transfer rate of the vessel without vacuum loss and inner and outer vessel wall with leak was obtained.The result shows that the rate of emission and heat leakage increased sharply,but multilayer insulation material still could keep some heat.Since part gases of air became solidified,the heat leakage rate of outer vessel wall is much higher than inner wall after leak.
Countermeasure for Differential Power Analysis using Boolean and Arithmetic masking

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract — Differential Power Analysis is a side channel attack for any symmetrical cryptosystem. This paper will review the brief explanation of DPA and also some of its countermeasures. This paper will be focusing on the countermeasure using Boolean and arithmetic masking. These masking techniques will be useful for encryption schemes such as IDEA and RC6, etc. since these schemes require both Boolean and arithmetic operations. Index Terms — Differential Power Analysis, Masking Techniques, cryptanalysis I.
Mutant Huntingtin Causes Context-Dependent Neurodegeneration in Mice with Huntington's Disease

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Huntington's disease (HD) mouse models that express N-terminal huntingtin fragments show rapid disease progression and have been used for developing therapeutics. However, light microscopy reveals no significant neurodegeneration in these mice. It remains unclear how mutant huntingtin induces neurodegeneration. Using caspase staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated UTP nick end labeling, and electron microscopy, we observed that N171-82Q mice, which express the first 171 aa of mutant huntingtin, displayed more degenerated neurons than did other HD mouse models. The neurodegeneration was also evidenced by increased immunostaining for glial fibrillary acidic protein and ultrastructural features of apoptosis. R6/2 mice, which express exon 1 of mutant huntingtin, showed dark, nonapoptotic neurons and degenerated mitochondria associated with mutant huntingtin. In HD repeat knock-in mice (HdhCAG150), which express full-length mutant huntingtin, degenerated cytoplasmic organelles were found in both axons and neuronal cell bodies in association with mutant huntingtin that was not labeled by an antibody to huntingtin amino acids 342–456. Transfection of cultured cells with mutant huntingtin revealed that an N-terminal huntingtin fragment (amino acids 1–208 plus a 120 glutamine repeat) caused a greater increase in caspase activity than did exon 1 huntingtin and longer huntingtin fragments. These results suggest that context-dependent neurodegeneration in HD may be mediated by different N-terminal huntingtin fragments. In addition, this study has identified neurodegenerative markers for the evaluation of therapeutic treatments in HD mouse models.
Enhanced lattice-displacement effects on the crystal field and the anomalous magnetic anisotropy in cerium monopnictides

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Extremely strong $〈100〉$ magnetic anisotropy occurs in CeSb and CeBi. This contrasts with the theoretical crystal-field-only $〈111〉$ easy direction as found experimentally upon diluting the Ce with Y or La. We find that the strong $〈100〉$ anisotropy can be understood when one includes elastic and magnetoelastic effects in conjunction with magnetic ordering. Depending on the system parameter values, there are two possible types of magnetic anisotropy and distortional behavior: either (i) a small expansive trigonal distortion and magnetic ordering along $〈111〉$, or (ii) tetragonal distortion, above a significant threshold value at 0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, and ordering along $〈100〉$. For the tetragonal distortion, the $\frac{c}{a}$ ratio is 1 as found experimentally in CeBi. Our self-consistent calculations for CeBi use the experimental crystal-field splitting, ${T}_{N}$, and elastic constants. The occurrence of the tetragonally distorted $〈100〉$ phase is associated with the remarkable sensitivity of the crystal-field interaction to lattice spacing in the cerium monopnictides. We introduce this effect via a charge-enhancement factor $\ensuremath{\rho}$ multiplying the point-charge-model result for distortional crystal-field terms. The ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{7}$ crystal-field ground state has no quadrupole moment. Because of this, distortional effects of any significance occur only with a molecular field present, as in our model calculation for CeBi, or in the absence of exchange, for $\ensuremath{\rho}$ above a threshold value necessary to give sufficiently strong ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{7}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{8}$ mixing.
Understanding Shared Control for Assistive Robotic Arms

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Living a self-determined life independent of human caregivers or fully autonomous robots is a crucial factor for human dignity and the preservation of self-worth for people with motor impairments. Assistive robotic solutions - particularly robotic arms - are frequently deployed in domestic care, empowering people with motor impairments in performing ADLs independently. However, while assistive robotic arms can help them perform ADLs, currently available controls are highly complex and time-consuming due to the need to control multiple DoFs at once and necessary mode-switches. This work provides an overview of shared control approaches for assistive robotic arms, which aim to improve their ease of use for people with motor impairments. We identify three main takeaways for future research: Less is More, Pick-and-Place Matters, and Communicating Intent.
Jewish Writers/Irish Writers:

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

These essays on representative Jewish and Irish writers are true to the form's definition as an attempt or experiment rather than a credo. Wohlgelernter defines the author's "excited imagination" by thoroughgoing analysis of the work's constituent parts. He gives particular emphasis to the author's own words and expressions, those verbal inventions that linger in the mind long after the act of reading or criticism. He finds a passionate love of words and language forging a powerful link between Jewish and Irish literature, rooted as they are in similar historical experience. Both literatures engage the human struggle with life and death, virtue and weakness, success and failure, dreams and nightmares, all under the constant surveillance of tradition.Wohlgelernter divides his book into four general categories: the Holocaust, Jewish-American writers, Irish writers, and memoirs and autobiography. His chapters on Holocaust literature engage a range of literary perspectives that combine memoir, journalism, fiction, and philosophical reflection in the writings of Ladislas Fuks, Lucy Dawidowicz, Sabine Reichel, and Primo Levi. Chapters on postwar Jewish writers including Saul Bellow, Bernard Malamud, and Philip Roth explore the ambivalences of assimilation with its encroachments of a provincial past and dissatisfactions with mainstream culture. Wohlgelernter notes how all yoke street raciness and high cultural mandarin in a distinctive contribution to American prose style. A similar richness of language and preoccupation with the political and cultural claims of the past characterize the chapters on the great short story writer Frank O'Connor, the playwright Brendan Behan, and the Irish-American journalist and novelist Pete Hamill.The last decades of the twentieth century have seen a prolific outpouring of autobiographical writing, and in the concluding section of the book the author treats representative examples that amplify or reflect on the personal an