jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
THE MALICIOUS GRIEVANCE IN THE JORDANIAN LEGISLATION

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The administrative grievance is one of the forms of self-control exercised by the administration over its work. It is one of the legal controls and legal guarantees granted by the legislator to the stakeholders to object to the defective management decisions. By providing correct information, it does not harm any party in the dispute, and has no aim other than to do justice to the complainant, However, the complainant may sometimes resort to providing false and malicious information with the aim of misleading, or offending the complainant against him, thus removing the grievance from the legitimate circle. Given the importance of the grievance in reconsidering the administrative decision and settling administrative disputes in the bud, the Jordanian civil service system, when organizing the administrative grievance, drew attention to the malicious grievance, explaining its illegality, and the penalties that result from it. In addition to the criminalization of some other Jordanian laws for the act of providing false information, as it constitutes serious crimes against society.\n\n Accordingly, the study talked about how the civil service system and Jordanian legislation dealt with malicious grievance, and the study concluded that the Jordanian legislator has done well in adopting the malicious grievance system in order to protect rights from abuse and humiliation and the possibility of establishing criminal responsibility against the malicious complainant, The offense of contempt, and the consequent tort civil liability based on compensation based on the damage suffered by the aggrieved, The study recommended tightening the disciplinary penalty and reconsidering it in the event of a court ruling condemning the complainant as a result of his malicious grievance .
Sympathetic nervous activity in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a comparative study of inflammatory biomarkers

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Previous studies have shown that both sympathetic hyperactivity and enhanced inflammatory responses are associated with poor outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Whether there is a correlation between these two characteristics remains unclear. Thirty-four patients with uncomplicated ACS were evaluated; their mean age was 51.7±7.0 years, 79.4% were male, and 94.1% had myocardial infarction (MI). On the fourth day of hospitalization, they underwent muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) analysis (microneurography), as well as ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (usCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity measurements. These evaluations were repeated at 1, 3, and 6 months after hospitalization. Both MSNA and inflammatory biomarkers were elevated during the acute phase of ACS and then decreased over time. At hospitalization, the median usCRP level was 17.75 (IQR 8.57; 40.15) mg/l, the median IL-6 level was 6.65 (IQR 4.45; 8.20), the mean Lp-PLA2 activity level was 185.8 ±52.2 nmol/min per ml, and mean MSNA was 64.2±19.3 bursts/100 heart beats. All of these variables decreased significantly over 6 months compared with the in-hospital levels. MSNA was independently associated with the peak level of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CKMB) in the acute phase (P=0.027) and with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at 6 months (P=0.026). Despite the increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers and sympathetic hyperactivity in the initial phase of ACS, no significant correlations between them were observed in any of the analyzed phases. Our data suggest that although both sympathetic hyperactivity and inflammation are concomitantly present during the early phase of ACS, these characteristics manifest via distinct pathological pathways.
Diagnosis and Management of Patient Noncompliance

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

To the Editor.—

Drs. Gillum and Barsky identified a very real disease, patient noncompliance (228:1563, 1974). As the authors suggest, "The practicing physician must be educated and sensitized to this major problem and provided with an approach to the diagnosis and management of patient noncompliance." It concerns me to read this entire article and find no mention of an often-overlooked but efficacious treatment for the problem. I am referring to the efforts of pharmacists to increase patient compliance with the physician's orders. The article points out three true observations: first, that outpatients, in particular, have a great unmet need for explanation about the nature of their condition, its cause, and the therapeutic measures undertaken; second, "that patients with either extremely low or high levels of anxiety have been shown to remember less of what their physicians told them and be less likely to comply with medical advice"; third, that patients
Effects of Water Content and Dry Unit Weight on Deformational Characteristics of Subgrade Soils

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

To evaluate the deformational characteristics of subgrade soils, four subgrade samples in Korea were tested using the RC and TS tests with various dry unit weight and water content. Both the maximum modulus and normalized modulus reduction curves of subgrade soils were affected by the dry unit weight. The normalized modulus was decreased about 20% with increasing of relative compaction of 5%. It was founded that the variations of modulus of subgrade soils in Korea were over 40% with water content variation of 2%, and those effects can be estimated by exponential model. However, the normalized modulus reduction curves were almost identical and independent of water content. It was also founded that confining pressure, loading frequency, dry unit weight, and water content have an affect on modulus of subgrade soils independently. Therefore, it can be considered that those effects are independent variables.
In situ determination on food consumption and ecological conversion efficiency of a marine fish species, Hyporhamphus sa jori

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

-- The food consumption and ecological conversion efficiency of a species marine pelagic and small size fish, Hyporhamphus sajori, were determined by using in situ stomach content method presented by Eggers. The results showed that: (1) the fish was taken in food all day, so empty-stomach rate was very low, taking up about 4.5% of the total determined fish number. However, the fish still has significant daily feeding rhythm. A feeding peak was found 0: 00 o' clock at night, but feeding level was always high in the daytime; (2) relationship between instantaneous food content in stomach and corresponding time could be described as St = a@ e- b@t. There was not significant difference of instantaneous gastric evacuation rate between two determinations, with average value being 0.13 × 10- 2g/ (g@h) (wet weight); (3) the daily food consumption tended to change in irregular waving form, with average value being (10.16 × 10-2 ± 1.19 × 10-2) g/ (g@ d) (wet weight) or (55.56 × 10-2 ± 6.51 ×10-2) kJ/ (g@d). The wave distance is constant and about 14 d, but the wave height changed largely;(4) actual determining value of daily growth rate was 3.24× 10-2g/ (g@d) (wet weight) or 12.91 ×10-2kJ/ (g@d), from which 31.89% (wet weight) or 23.24% kJ of ecological conversion efficiency could be obtained.
Proppants- What 30 Years of Study has Taught Us

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Hydraulic fracturing, when applied in concert with horizontal drilling, has led to a rejuvenation and revolution in the oil and gas industry that has been felt globally. When once development and reserve addition opportunities in the US were deemed to be very limited now technically recoverable reserves for both oil and gas in the US are viewed as abundant, and long-lived (EIA 2016). Yet hydraulic fracturing itself relies on the placement of proppants and the performance of those proppants to succeed. The earliest hydraulic fracture stimulations utilized poorly sorted river sand as proppant. Since this first experiment with proppants, the industry has evolved with a broad range of proppant choices although natural sand of some type remains by far the proppant of choice for a variety of reasons. Technology has advanced in many ways since the first fracture stimulation. For the past thirty years, the Stim-Lab Proppant Consortium has engaged in a continuous program of building knowledge and understanding in the behavior of all types of proppants used in hydraulic fracturing. Arguably no other body of knowledge about proppants exists that compares in extent and detail with that accumulated by the Consortium. There are many basic understandings about the behavior of proppant packs under downhole reservoir conditions that have been developed through thousands of tests that have been performed through the work of the Consortium. These include the effects of proppant type, grain failure, fines migration, embedment, non-Darcy and multi-phase flow, cycling, loading, packing arrangement, fracture fluid damage and others. All of these effects can be at work simultaneously to negatively affect flow in the propped fracture and the recognition of these effects assists to explain observed well performance. This paper will present basic understandings of proppant performance that are sometimes misunderstood or wrongly applied and will assist the practicing engineer in well diagnostics and stimulation design. It will also present and describe predictive performance models developed for proppants that in turn leads to the most comprehensive simulation of proppant performance under realistic downhole conditions available in the industry.
Between Human and Animal

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Through a close examination of British Caribbean slave laws, this chapter argues that British Caribbean slave law always recognized the humanity of the slave, and the law’s power derived from its ability to see Africans’ humanity and effectively disable it. Slave law suspended Africans and their descendants between the human and the animal through disability-inducing laws. The principle of maternal inheritance was a legal notion that positioned enslaved women as legally equivalent to animals. The slave codes of Barbados and Jamaica disabled enslaved Africans by limiting their mobility, freedom, and autonomy, and by divesting them of political status. The codes encouraged the physical impairment and disfigurement of captives by sanctioning punishments that disabled and disfigured as well as by establishing a culture in which whites could punish captives with impunity in whatever way they desired.
Feasibility study for spectral phase compensation in high-energy petawatt laser facilities with a deformable mirror

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The stretcher with a deformable mirror in its Fourier plane can be used to manipulate the spectral phase. This scheme result in the following result: Ideally, these beams return in parallel lights when they have the same angles of incidence and pass through the deformable mirror. The non-planar structure of the surface result in a change in the direction of the wave vector of the reflected lights, affect the spatial frequency of the pulses and the energy distribution of the final focal spot. In this paper, we report the feasibility study of using a deformable mirror to compensate spectral phase in high-energy petawatt laser facility, simulate its structure and explore the influence of the change of the spatial wave vector introduced. It is found that the changed space wave vector has little effect on far-field focal spot and is positively correlated with the spectral phase amplitude to be compensated.
Session B2: An Overview of the Ice Harbor Turbine Replacement Project

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract:\nIn March of 2010 the US Army Corps of Engineersâ (USACE) awarded a contract to Voith Hydro to design and supply new turbine runners for installation at the Ice Harbor Lock and Dam located on the Lower Snake River within the State of Washington, USA. The contract included design and supply of both a fixed and an adjustable blade turbine runner for replacement of two failing units within the six unit powerhouse. The new turbine runners were to be designed for âsaferâ fish passage as a primary goal, and increased efficiency as a secondary goal. The hydraulic design of both runner types was a collaborative effort by the USACEâs Walla Walla District (NWW), Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), Hydroelectric Design Center (HDC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and Voith Hydro. The design criteria and the design evaluation process were developed by the USACE over years of both field and laboratory research through the Turbine Survival Program. The two runner types were designed through an iterative process of Computational Fluid Dynamic Model analysis, performance model testing for power, efficiency and cavitation, and physical hydraulic model testing for evaluation of the turbine passage environment. This presentation provides a broad overview of the research, design criteria and guidelines, the design and evaluation process, and future biological field testing efforts supporting the Ice Harbor turbine runner replacement project.
Materials Experiment and Analysis Database: Electrochemistry measurements containing 3469 files performed on plate containing Mn,Co,Ta,Sb,Co annealed at 350.0C to add O on 2014-05-14 from Run 20140514.155404

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This record is a component of the Materials Experiment and Analysis Database (MEAD). It contains raw data and metadata from millions of materials synthesis and characterization experiments, as well as the analysis and distillation of that data into property and performance metrics. The unprecedented quantity and diversity of experimental data are searchable by experiment and analysis attributes generated by both researchers and data processing software.
The hermeneutics of social identity in Luke-Acts

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Social Identity Theory (SIT) is a promising tool in New Testament studies for helping readers understand the dynamics and formation of group identity in the First Century. The specific contention of this dissertation is that the author of Luke-Acts seeks to create and shape identity among God-fearers in the New Christian Movement by means of “cultural memory” and prescribed group behavior. Luke has an inclusive agenda that involves decentralization of the Jewish establishment, while redefining a number of core symbols of Judaism (notably the Temple and the land) around Jesus. Luke’s robust sense of gospel - rooted in Israel’s history, while extending to all people – forms a crucial backdrop for investigating his ethnically universalist tendencies and his narrative methods of communication. Specifically, social identity is formed through the use of prototypes and exemplars, characters that resemble a quality that the group either desires to promote or eliminate. Luke communicates many of these facets through speeches, utilizing elements of firstcentury Greco-Roman rhetoric. My eclectic, yet integrated approach aims to do justice to under-recognized features of social identity formation in Luke’s two volume work, with a particular focus on volume two (Acts).
In vivo interactions of apoA-II, apoA-I, and hepatic lipase contributing to HDL structure and antiatherogenic functions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Studies with mice have revealed that increased expression of apolipoprotein A-II (apoA-II) results in elevations in high density lipoprotein (HDL), the formation of larger HDL, and the development of early atherosclerosis. We now show that the increased size of HDL results in part from an inhibition of the ability of hepatic lipase (HL) to hydrolyze phospholipids and triglycerides in the HDL and that the ratio of apoA-I to apoA-II determines HDL functional and antiatherogenic properties. HDL from apoA-II transgenic mice was relatively resistant to the action of HL in vitro. To test whether HL and apoA-II influence HDL size independently, combined apoA-II transgenic/HL knockout (HLko) mice were examined. These mice had HDL similar in size to apoA-II transgenic mice and HLko mice, suggesting that they do not increase HDL side by independent mechanisms. Overexpression of apoA-I from a transgene reversed many of the effects of apoA-II overexpression, including the ability of HDL to serve as a substrate for HL. Combined apoA-I/apoA-II transgenic mice exhibited significantly less atherosclerotic lesion formation than did apoA-II transgenic mice. These results were paralleled by the effects of the transgenes on the ability of HDL to protect against the proinflammatory effects of oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL). Whereas nontransgenic HDL protected against oxidized LDL induction of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells, HDL from apoA-II transgenic mice was proinflammatory. HDL from combined apoA-I/apoA-II transgenic mice was equally as protective as HDL from nontransgenic mice. Our data suggest that as the ratio of apoA-II to apoA-I is increased, the HDL become larger because of inhibition of HL, and lose their antiatherogenic properties.
A Case of Treatment-Resistant Catamenial Disease: Insufficiency in Mainstay Treatment Options

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Thoracic endometriosis syndrome (TES) is a rare phenomenon that affects 6-10% of women of reproductive age. It is characterized by presence of ectopic endometrial tissue within the thoracic cavity, mainly the lung parenchyma and pleura. TES presents as catamenial pneumothorax (CP), catamenial hemothorax (CH), pulmonary nodules or hemoptysis. Hormonal therapy is considered first line treatment followed by operative thoracoscopy for removal of ectopic endometrial implants. Our case highlights the limited number of treatment options in a young patient with recurrent catamenial disease.Description: A 37-year-old G4P0040 female presented to the emergency department (ED) with worsening shortness of breath (SOB) for 5 days. Her SOB was sudden in onset, progressively worsening, and associated with cough and right-sided chest pain. Patient was admitted 5 months ago for similar symptoms. She has a past medical history significant for hypertension, obesity, iron deficiency anemia, severe endometriosis and TES manifesting as recurrent, right sided pleural effusions, CPs and CHs requiring surgical treatment. Previous biopsies of the ectopic endometrial tissue revealed dense fibroconnective tissue with focal endometriosis and no indication for malignancy. In the ED, she appeared in distress and had a BP of 166/102. Physical examination revealed tachypnea, accessory muscle usage, respiratory distress and retractions. Breath sounds were decreased in the right lung. EKG revealed normal sinus rhythm, and a COVID-19 test yielded negative results. Chest x-ray and CT were consistent with findings for right tension hemothorax. She was started on BiPAP initially and thoracic surgery was consulted. A tube thoracostomy was performed in the ED and a chest tube was placed. Moreover, a CBC revealed Hb of 5.7g/dl. She was transfused 4 units pRBC and admitted to the ICU for further monitoring. Ob/gyn was consulted and leuprolide was administered to prevent recurrence of a hemothorax. She remained in the hospital for 3 days and was subsequently discharged after resolution of symptoms confirmed by imaging.Conclusion: Catamenial hemothoraces are a late finding of TES. There is mixed data regarding the effectiveness of GnRH agonists on recurrence rates of CH, however subsequent surgery has shown to be preventative in resistant cases. This unique case illustrates the insufficiency in both mainstay treatments. Despite the fact the patient had previous lobectomies using VATS, lysis of adhesions and hormonal therapy, she continued to have recurrent manifestations of TES. Novel treatments in conjunction with a multidisciplinary team approach should be used to effectively treat TES and prevent disease relapse.
FKN/NR Signaling Pathway Regulates Hippocampal Inflammatory Responses: the Survival of Hippocampal Neurons in Diabetic Rats with Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Aim. To investigate the mechanism via which FKN/CX3CR1 signaling abnormalities mediate N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDA) overexcitation-induced hippocampal neuronal injury in diabetic rats complicated with depression (DD). Methods. Sixty rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. The depression-like behaviors of the rats were evaluated by open field test and Morris water maze. The pathological changes of hippocampus in DD rats were observed by HE staining. The blood levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) and neurotransmitters (D-serine and glutamic acid) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of BDNF, A1 receptor (A1R), A2 receptor (A2R), A3 receptor (A3R), calmodulin dependent kinase II (CaMKII), CX3CR1, CX3CL1 (FKN), NR2A, and NR2B proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western-blotting. Results. Compared with the normal control group, blood glucose level increased significantly and body weight decreased in T2DM group and T2DMC group. In addition, the number of spontaneous activities significantly decreased and the capability of learning and memory was attenuated in T2DMC group and Chronic Stress group. The blood levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, glutamate (Glu), and D-serine significantly increased in each model group. After intervention with CX3CR1 antibody, the expressions of BDNF, CaMK II, A1R, and A3R increased and those of A2R, CX3CR1, FKN, NR2A, and NR2B decreased. Conclusion. In the diabetic state, the binding of FKN to CX3CR1 increases, which regulates a variety of adenosine receptors. When it exerts its effect on neurons, the overactivation of NR results in neuronal injury and causes depression.
Formation, storage and secretion of prostasomes in benign and malignant cells and their immunogenicity in prostate cancer patients.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Prostasomes are submicron-sized, membrane-bound organelles produced by the epithelial cells of the prostate and normally found in the secretion in the gland ducts. Their physiological role is in the promotion of sperm-function in human reproduction. This thesis contains four papers dealing with the production of prostasomes and some possible applications in clinical urology of the prostasome. Paper I and II provided an ultrastructural description of the synthesis, storage and secretion of prostasomes in benign as well as in malignant tissue. Most notable were the extracellular appearances of prostasomes in metastatic lesions whereby the prostasomes become exposed to the immune system of the patient. This supported findings in earlier studies in which patients with advanced prostate cancer had elevated levels of anti-prostasome antibodies. The results of paper III reinforced the view of the prostate-unique origin of the prostasome. In particular, there were no indications in SDS-PAGE patterns or flow-cytometric studies of material from seminal vesicle secretion that it contained components that could be associated with a production of prostasomes. Some possible clinical functions of the prostasomes were investigated in paper IV. Exposure of prostasomes to the immune system through mechanical and thermal trauma to the prostate did not induce an evident formation of anti-prostasome autoantibodies. Furthermore, the serum levels of anti-prostasome antibodies registered by assays with preparations of prostasomes from seminal plasma as antigen did not correlate with existing prostate cancer. Seminal prostasomes seemed not to function as substitute markers for prostate cancer in the test kit used. A possible explanation could be underestimated differences in antigen properties between seminal or prostate gland-derived prostasomes and prostasomes from tumor tissue.