jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Psychometric Properties of the Job Related Skills Inventory in Malaysia Context

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The objectives of the current study were to test the internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity and item analysis of the Job-Related Skills Inventory in the Malaysian context. The study was conducted among 102 employers from the various government department in Sabah, Malaysia. Cronbach alphas calculated to assess the inventory internal consistency of the inventory. The evidence for convergent validity of the inventory was tested by examining the inter-correlation between sub-aspect of the skills and correlation between the sub-aspects and the four dimensions of Industrial Revolution job-related skill. The discriminant validity of the Inventory was determined by examining the correlation between the inventory score and the scores of the Short Social Desirability Scale. Item analysis was also conducted to test the suitability and gaugeable of the Job-Related Skills Inventory items in the Malaysian context. The scale demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach alpha ranged from 0.87 to 0.95). The result reported The Job-Related Skills Inventory convergent and discriminant validity was confirmed with the strong relationship among the Inventory dimensions and strong relationship with the four dimensions of Industrial Revolution job-related skill as compared to weak and negative correlation coefficients between the inventory and the Social Desirability Scale. The result of item analysis also indicated all the items were good and suitable to use in the Malaysian context.
Gut microbiota and metabolic disease: from pathogenesis to new therapeutic strategies

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Gut microbiota is well known to regulate and maintain host metabolic and immune function. Change in stability and diversification of gut microbiota can affect progression of many metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, liver disease, and so on. Studies on the association of the gut microbiota and host diseases are therefore significant, shedding light on the understanding of the role of gut microbiota in the development of such disease. In particular, human and animal model studies have explained how qualitative and quantitative alterations in the composition of gut microbiota are able to have an influence on the intestinal barrier, immune regulation, substance metabolism, nutrient absorption, energy distribution, toxin education, and so on. At the same time, these data suggest that species of intestinal commensal bacteria may play either a pathogenic or protective role in the development of metabolic diseases. The oral probiotic/prebiotic represents a possible therapeutic for improving metabolic diseases. However, the available data in this field remain limited, and the relevant scientific work has only just begun; especially, at present, new technologies have allowed the attempt at a systematic intestinal bacterial flora study, giving more realistic information about its composition and its pathological variance. In this review, we summarize the aggravation or improvement of metabolic diseases by the role of gut microbiota, and probiotic/prebiotic treatment with the help of available literature.
Assessing a dryer state using the parameters of a spent drying agent

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The paper analyzes the control of regime parameters during grain drying in grain dryers. It has been established that direct monitoring of the heating temperature of grain and its humidity in the dryer column in the grain layer is complicated by the uncertainty of sensor readings placed in the layer, which is caused by a significant difference in the heating temperature of the grain as a thermolabile material and a high-temperature heat carrier. The work considers various methods of preventing fire-hazardous situations and deterioration of grain quality as a result of its overheating by traditional methods by mechanical sampling of grain from a column and measuring its temperature and humidity using dielectric, conductometric or microwave methods of measurement. In order to determine the heating temperature of the grain indirectly by the temperature of the spent drying agent, an installation has been developed. The results of its production tests, the prototype design and technical characteristics are presented. Additional production studies have been carried out to determine the change in the moisture content of grain during the drying process in the grain dryer columns by an indirect method based on the relative humidity of the spent drying agent, as well as laboratory tests on the created testbed. The studies were carried out on wheat grain, grain mixture of wheat and barley, and sunflower seeds. The studies have shown high convergence of results in temperature and good convergence in grain moisture. According to the results of joint mathematical processing of the results of production and laboratory tests, regression equations were obtained for calculating the heating temperature and grain moisture during the drying process using the parameters of the spent drying agent: temperature and its relative humidity.
North American International Society for Microbial Electrochemical Technologies Meeting (Abstracts)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract : PI Angenent and co-PI Logan have organized the 2012 NA-ISMET and 2014 NA-ISMET meetings at Cornell University and Penn State University, respectively. The objective of the NA-ISMET meetings was to link together researchers and engineers, who work on microbial electrochemical systems or on the interface between microbes and solid electrode materials. In addition, meetings have dissipate new ideas in the fast-emerging field of microbial electrochemical systems. They are meetings where students and post-docs can meet the leading researchers in the field and where they can present their work during podium or poster presentations. Left over funding was used to support activities at the international meeting for ISMET that was held in North America in October 2015 at Arizona State University. All these meetings were successful and the next NA-ISMET meeting is to be held at Stanford in October 2016.
Financial Ratios as Predictors of Fiscal Distress (Michigan; Public Schools).

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of financial ratio analysis in predicting school district fiscal distress and determining the impact that the use of fund equity has upon the solvency of a school district. Financial ratio analysis is the ability to analyze financial records to provide the basis to isolate the district's strengths and weaknesses. A ratio is the mathematical expression for the relationship between two items in the balance sheet or income statement to characterize different facets in the school district's financial structure and operations. The universe studied consisted of the five hundred seventy-six Michigan Public School Districts. The twenty-four school districts selected to be used in this study were identified by the Michigan Department of Education to be in deficit. In addition, a matching set of twenty-four non-deficit school districts having similar characteristics were selected to be studied. Forty-five ratios were developed and used in the study to predict fiscal distress. Multiple Discriminant Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis (SAS) were used to compute and analyze the data. The findings and conclusions of the study were that: (1) The study and the related statistical analysis can discriminate between a deficit and non-deficit school district to predict fiscal distress. (2) A predictive formula can be developed that will discriminate between a deficit and non-deficit school district to predict fiscal distress. (3) The use of seventeen ratios can predict fiscal distress two years in advance. (4) The classification results as evidenced by the posterior probability of school district membership in the deficit or non-deficit groups were found to be 100% accurate using the seventeen ratios. (5) St and ardized ratios can be used to construct school district profiles for deficit and non-deficit school districts against which an individual school district's ratios can be matched indicating that district's relative fiscal health. (6) That individual st and ardized ratios can identify areas needing improvement to ensure the fiscal health of the school district. This research supports the premise that ratio analysis can be used as a predictor of fiscal distress in school districts.
SH056150.07FU

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
L'itinéraire des Dix-Mille en Mésopotamie et l'apport des sources cunéiformes

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Several interesting facts emerge when one places the information contained in the Anabasis side by side with that provided by the contemporary cuneiform texts on the Mid-Euphrates and northern Babylonia. The route taken by Cyrus along the left bank of the Euphrates is revealed as unconventional. The choice of this itinerary is dictrated both by the strategy he is following vis-à-vis his brother, as well as by his troops. The countryside crossed by the Ten Thousand in northern Babylonia helps to define more precisely and fully what the cuneiform sources suggest : it is primarily an agricultural region, where rural settlement at the expense of the traditional Babylonian cities was favoured under the Achaemenids. The same phenomenon can be observed in the former region of Assyria when the soldiers move up the Tigris. The accuracy of Xenophon's observations on the desert fauna and Babylonian flora needs to be stressed, despite the fact that his interpretation of various features of the landscape are somewhart contrived. This may be either his own doing or that of his characters.
Pulmonary sarcoidosis: comparison of patients at a university and a municipal hospital.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Charts and radiographs of sarcoidosis patients seen at a private university hospital and at a municipal hospital were reviewed to determine whether there was a difference in the severity of disease retrospectively. A standardized abstract form was used to identify and abstract information on new and continuing sarcoidosis patients seen at either Georgetown University Medical Center (GUMC) or District of Columbia General Hospital (DCGH) during a 2-year period. Because there were too few white sarcoidosis patients for comparison, analysis was done for African-American patients only. African-American patients at GUMC were slightly older, with a higher percentage of women. For GUMC patients, 76% had private insurance and 21% had public insurance, and for DCGH patients, one-half had public insurance and 29% had no insurance. Significantly fewer GUMC patients (7% versus 36%) reported moderate to severe dyspnea. Chest radiographs showed a larger percentage of patients with stage 1 disease at GUMC and more patients with stage 4 disease at DCGH. Spirometry showed more impairment of forced expired volume in one second (FEV1) in GUMC patients, but diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) values were significantly lower among DCGH patients. Less than 8% of GUMC patients showed disease progression compared with almost one-third of DCGH patients. These results demonstrate that substantially less severe pulmonary sarcoidosis was seen in African-American patients treated at a private, nonprofit university hospital compared with a municipal hospital. Factors that determine the use of municipal hospitals, such as limited financial access to care and sources of patients, may have played a major role in the differences seen.
HPLC determination of oxadiazon in commercial pesticide formulations

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A simple, fast and precise high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) procedure has been developed for the determination of oxadiazon in emulsifiable concentrated pesticide formulations. 20 µL of diluted sample in acetonitrile were injected in a Kromasil C18 (250 ×am injetados em uma coluna Kromasil C18 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column, using acetonitrile:water (80:20) as mobile phase at 1 mL min-1 flow rate and oxadiazon determined by absorbance measurement at 292 nm. A theoretical limit of detection of 0.02 µg mL-1, a limit of quantification of 0.047 µg mL-1, corresponding to a 0.02 and 0.07% m/v in the original sample, and a relative standard deviation of 0.08% for three replicate analysis of samples containing 25% m/v. Oxadiazon were achieved using the developed procedure. The accuracy of the whole method was evidenced by recovery percentages from 98% to 99% for samples spiked with 0.015 to 0.085 mg oxadiazon as well as by the good comparability between results found by the recommended procedure and by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry for actual samples of formulated products.
A pipeline for fair comparison of graph neural networks in node classification tasks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been investigated for potential applicability in multiple fields that employ graph data. However, there are no standard training settings to ensure fair comparisons among new methods, including different model architectures and data augmentation techniques. We introduce a standard, reproducible benchmark to which the same training settings can be applied for node classification. For this benchmark, we constructed 9 datasets, including both small- and medium-scale datasets from different fields, and 7 different models. We design a k-fold model assessment strategy for small datasets and a standard set of model training procedures for all datasets, enabling a standard experimental pipeline for GNNs to help ensure fair model architecture comparisons. We use node2vec and Laplacian eigenvectors to perform data augmentation to investigate how input features affect the performance of the models. We find topological information is important for node classification tasks. Increasing the number of model layers does not improve the performance except on the PATTERN and CLUSTER datasets, in which the graphs are not connected. Data augmentation is highly useful, especially using node2vec in the baseline, resulting in a substantial baseline performance improvement.
An Analytical Model for Deformation Path Design in Multistage Incremental Sheet Forming Process

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Incremental sheet forming (ISF) is a new promising technology due to its flexibility and low-cost tooling properties compared with conventional forming processes. However, a common technical problem encountered in ISF is non-uniform thickness variation of formed parts, particularly excessive thinning on severely sloped regions, which may lead to the part fracture and limit the process formability. Design of multistage deformation paths (intermediate shapes or preforms) before the final part is a desirable and practical way to control the material flow in order to obtain more uniform thickness distribution and avoid forming failure. Based on the shear deformation and the strain compensation idea, an analytical model for designing multistage deformation paths and predicting the thickness strain distribution is proposed. The feasibility of the proposed model is validated by the finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental tests in terms of the comparison of prediction, simulation and experimental results on the thickness strain distribution and the process formability.
Chromatin and nucleosome organizations and DNA replication of nucleus reassembled in vitro using purified exogenous DNA and Xenopus egg extracts.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

It has been demonstrated in the last ten years that the nuclear reassembly may occur in the cell-free systems from frog egg extracts added with exogenous naked DNA. However, there remains an open question: is the cell-free reassembled nucleus structurally similar to the nucleus in the intact cell? That is, does the cell-free reassembled nucleus contain nucleosomes and chromatin? For this issue, we have designed experiments for identifying the internal structures of the cell-free reassembled nucleus. These experiments show that the nucleus reassembled in vitro also contains chromatin which is composed of typical 10 nm nucleosome fibers of "beads-on-a-string", 30 nm filaments and the next higher-order structures. The digestion experiment with the enzyme micrococcal nuclease has demonstrated that the DNA in the nucleosome of the reconstituted chromatin is about 200 base pairs (bp) in length, of which 165 bp may be in the nucleosome particle, and 35 bp may be in the linker between two particles. Prolonging digestion of the 165-bp particle DNA fragment will yield a 146-bp fragment, which may be wounded in the nucleosome core. Experiments also provide evidence that the chromatin reconstitution in the cell-free reassembled nucleus is a progressive process, and that the nucleus can replicate its DNA. Based on these observations, we suppose that the chromatin of the cell-free reassembled nucleus may be structurally and functionally similar to the chromatin of the intact cells.
Point-of-Care Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Melioidosis in Laos

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Melioidosis is endemic in many rural areas in Southeast Asia where facilities for culture and identification of Burkholderia pseudomallei are often limited. We performed a prospective observational study in patients presenting with fever to Mahosot Hospital, the primary referral hospital in Laos, to establish whether the detection of abscesses on ultrasound could support a presumptive diagnosis of melioidosis. All patients underwent ultrasound examination to detect abscesses in the liver, spleen, prostate, or, if indicated, subcutaneous tissue. We enrolled 153 patients, including 18 patients with melioidosis. Of these, 11 (61%) had an abscess at one or more sites, including five (28%) with splenic and/or liver abscesses. Absence of abscesses cannot rule out melioidosis, but the positive predictive value of abscesses for melioidosis was high at 93% (88-96%). Therefore, in endemic areas, the presence of abscesses in febrile patients should prompt empiric antibiotic therapy for melioidosis even in the absence of culture confirmation.
Insiders' Views and Reflections on HIV/AIDS Prevention Targeting Immigrants with Multicultural Background in Sweden, Gothenburg

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research sets out from two global phenomena: HIV/AIDS and Migration. HIV/AIDS is perhaps one of the most distressing human suffering globally. Migration is also global phenomena accompanied by rapid human movement in the contemporary world. These two phenomena are deduced to be associated together in “immigrants as risk category for HIV/AIDS” especially in developed countries like Sweden, where HIV prevalence among the native population is low.\n\nThis research project explores the views and reflections of insiders’, who are drawn from large group “immigrants”, and are also educators of HIV/AIDS prevention to same group in Gothenburg city of Sweden.\n\nThe research employed individual interview and small group discussion research methods and integrates the analysis and discussion with prior research and theoretical considerations from structural to individual level integrating cultural concerns in multilevel framework in the context of HIV prevention targeting immigrants with multicultural background in Gothenburg city of Sweden. \n\nThe main findings of the research based on the insiders’ views and reflections include among others: lack of clearly tailored methods of HIV prevention which are culturally sensitive and specific to multicultural immigrant groups, low participation of immigrants and absence of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs) participation in the HIV /AIDS prevention. Furthermore, stigma and discrimination appear still in the making; HIV/AIDS and Chlamydia are growing up. On contrary, people especially youngsters in Sweden consider HIV as a “distant disease or problem”. This has been contributing towards Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) gap for safer sex to prevent from HIV/AIDS pandemic.
Transient Properties of Truck Tires on Real Road Surfaces

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The cornering, or lateral force response of heavy‐duty truck tires, has been evaluated on real road surfaces at speeds of 10–60 km/h. The special mobile truck tire dynamometer has a two‐test‐tire carriage mounted just ahead of the rear support tires of an articulated truck (tractor) trailer. Equal slip angles may be applied simultaneously to both test tires. The frequency response was evaluated by typical phase angle methods. The phase angle (lag of lateral force behind instantaneous angle) increased with frequency (time rate of application of angle) and decreased with increasing speed.
Characterization of pH Dependent Growth Response of Agriculturally Important Microbes for Development of Plant Growth Promoting Bacterial Consortium

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Soil microbial community structure is influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors prevailing in the soil milieu. The pH is one of the noticeable abiotic factors that affect soil microbial community. Different species prefer different range of pH for their optimal growth; however they can tolerate a wide range around acidic, neutral or alkaline pH. Microbes with broad range of pH tolerance i.e. from acidic to alkaline soil have better survival rate or opportunity as compared to other microbes which have narrow range of pH tolerance. So, in the present study growth response of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) from rhizosphere and rhizoplane of different groups of plant has been characterized at broad range of pH (3.0-13.0) and hence can be applied in soils of different pH range to enhance plant growth and yield. Ten bacterial isolates, which exhibited in-vitro plant growth promoting traits i.e. phosphate solubilisation, biological nitrogen fixation, Indole acetic acid (IAA) production and siderophore production, revealed differential growth response to pH. Some isolates showed good response in broad pH range from acidic to alkaline (~3.5 to ~12.5). These plant growth promoting bacterial groups therefore can be potentially used as bacterial consortium for application in agricultural fields to enhance crop productivity.