jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Study on Ice-Production Capacity for Slurry-Ice Manufacturing Apparatus with the Concentrations of NaCl Solution

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

It is well known that the temperature of slurry ice manufactured with the concentration of salt water in the range of 1.0∼2.0wt% can be accurately maintained in the range from -0.5 to -1.5°C. Now, pioneering work on a slurry ice manufacturing apparatus has already been made practicable by researchers in Canada and Germany. In their approach, ice particles made with the concentration of salt in sea water are blended with a solution consisting of a mixture of sea water and fresh water. However, the apparatus is very large. The authors therefore intend to develop a slurry ice manufacturing apparatus that uses only one unit to produce slurry ice from the solution of salt with a concentration below 1.0wt%. As a result, the authors successfully developed the generator in the apparatus on the basis of the method in which the ice layer produced on the heat transfer surface is swept out using scrapers. In addition, in order to establish the design engineering of this generator, experiment has been carried out to study the amount of ice produced from 1.0∼4.0wt% NaCl solution and measure the concentration of salt. The results indicate the following: (i) The speed at which ice is produced is determined by the initial concentration of the salt solution and remains constant when IPF≤20 IPF : ice packing factor). (ii) The speed of ice production can also be controlled by adjusting the temperature of the refrigerant. (iii) The thermal conductance of the ice layer tends to change with the salt concentration of the solution.
Ultrasensitive detection of oncogenic human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal tissue swabs

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) caused by oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is rising worldwide. HPV-OPSCC is commonly diagnosed by RT-qPCR of HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins or by p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC). Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) has been recently reported as an ultra-sensitive and highly precise method of nucleic acid quantification for biomarker analysis. To validate the use of a minimally invasive assay for detection of oncogenic HPV based on oropharyngeal swabs using ddPCR. Secondary objectives were to compare the accuracy of ddPCR swabs to fresh tissue p16 IHC and RT-qPCR, and to compare the cost of ddPCR with p16 IHC. Methods We prospectively included patients with p16 + oral cavity/oropharyngeal cancer (OC/OPSCC), and two control groups: p16 − OC/OPSCC patients, and healthy controls undergoing tonsillectomy. All underwent an oropharyngeal swab with ddPCR for quantitative detection of E6 and E7 mRNA. Surgical specimens had p16 IHC performed. Agreement between ddPCR and p16 IHC was determined for patients with p16 positive and negative OC/OPSCC as well as for healthy control patients. The sensitivity and specificity of ddPCR of oropharyngeal swabs were calculated against p16 IHC for OPSCC. Results 122 patients were included: 36 patients with p16 + OPSCC, 16 patients with p16 − OPSCC, 4 patients with p16 + OCSCC, 41 patients with p16 − OCSCC, and 25 healthy controls. The sensitivity and specificity of ddPCR of oropharyngeal swabs against p16 IHC were 92 and 98% respectively, using 20–50 times less RNA than that required for conventional RT-qPCR. Overall agreement between ddPCR of tissue swabs and p16 of tumor tissue was high at κ = 0.826 [0.662-0.989]. Conclusion Oropharyngeal swabs analyzed by ddPCR is a quantitative, rapid, and effective method for minimally invasive oncogenic HPV detection. This assay represents the most sensitive and accurate mode of HPV detection in OPSCC without a tissue biopsy in the available literature.
Outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium in United State from 2008 to 2009

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

From September 1, 2008 to February 17, 2009, Salmonella typhimurium caused at least 642 cases of salmonellosis food poisoning in 44 states throughtout the United States. Infection may have contributed to nine deaths. Epidemiologic and laboratory findings indicated that peanut butter produced at one plant was the source of the outbreak.
Geotagging moving video

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Today, digital video technologies have advanced and made it simple to use through smartphones. Sharing of video contents online have been increasingly popular, and in times of incident, these are often essential evidences of crime to the investigation. However, there posed challenges to identify relevant video contents due to the insufficient information inputs. This report presents an incident sharing system called Geo-Recorder that can be installed on a smartphone and view its shared content on a web browser. Geo-Recorder capture essential inputs by leveraging what the smartphone have and formats the data into relevant information. The incident sharing system is made up in two parts, a developed Android application installed on a smartphone that record and upload incident videos, and a web application that served as a visualization representation of these uploaded videos.
Using Satellite Imagery and Deep Learning to Evaluate the Impactof Anti-Poverty Programs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Author(s): Huang, Luna Yue; Hsiang, Solomon; Gonzalez-Navarro, Marco | Abstract: The rigorous evaluation of anti-poverty programs is key to the fight against global poverty. Traditional evaluation approaches rely heavily on repeated in-person field surveys to measure changes in economic well-being and thus program effects. However, this is known to be costly, time-consuming, and often logistically challenging. Here we provide the first evidence that we can conduct such program evaluations based solely on high-resolution satellite imagery and deep learning methods. Our application estimates changes in household welfare in the context of a recent anti poverty program in rural Kenya. The approach we use is based on a large literature documenting a reliable relationship between housing quality and household wealth. We infer changes in household wealth based on satellite-derived changes in housing quality and obtain consistent results with the traditional field-survey based approach. Our approach can be used to obtain inexpensive and timely insights on program effectiveness in international developmentprograms.
Re-weighting Fusion-based Electromagnetic Target Situation Mapping Method with Multi-Uav

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In response to the demand for refined management of electromagnetic (EM) space, a reweighting fusion-based EM target situation mapping method with multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is proposed. An improved reweighting fusion algorithm is first presented to complete and fuse the data collected by collaborative UAVs, which effectively solves the reduction of mapping accuracy caused by single-device deviations and environmental noise. Then, an EM target positioning algorithm is designed based on the fused results. Finally, an EM target situation map, which includes both the positions and power information of EM targets, is constructed. Multiple experiments have shown that the ultimate map facilitates high-precision visualization of both the EM targets and the corresponding situational information. When the sampling rate (per UAV) is set to 10%, the normalized root mean square error of EM target sensing is only 0.034.
Some new uncertain sequences using generalized ∆-operator

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Liu in 2007 has introduced the theory of uncertainty [[20]](#ref-0020). The structure of the present paper is to define some new type of generalized ∆- operator on this theory of uncertainty by employing the notion of sequence spaces. Some basic structures will be computed. Also, some sharp inclusion relations with counter examples concerning to the newly constructed spaces of this paper will be computed. Mathematical Subject Classification 2010: 46A45; 60F17.
The Use of Cover and Frequency in the Detection of Pattern in Plant Communities

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Hitchcock, A. S. 1950. Manual of the grasses of the United States U.S.D.A. Misc. Pub. No. 200. Palmer, E. J. and J. A. Steyermark. 1935. An annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of Missouri. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 22: 375-758. Quarterman, Elsie. 1950. Major plant communities of Tennesee Cedar Glades. Ecology 31: 234-254. Rice, F. L. and W. T. Penfound. 1955. An evaluation of the variable-radius and paired tree method in the blackjack-post oak forest. Ecology 36: 315320.
All organic actuation and sensing devices

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work, all-organic structures with sensing and acting capabilities are prepared and tested. The devices have been realized by covering Nafion reg membranes with conducting polymers as electrode elements. The selection of both the materials and the deposition techniques has been addressed taking into account the chemical-physical characteristics of the membrane. Several tests have been performed in order to characterize both the morphological and electrical behavior of the obtained structures. The results show that it is possible to produce all-organic devices based on Nafion reg that have electromechanic transduction capacities. The possibility to use these devices both as sensing and acting elements has been demonstrated.
Fault-Tolerant Approach Based on Pool for MAG in PMIPv6

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Proxy Mobile IPv6(PMIPv6) is the network-based localized mobility management protocol proposed by IETF. The local mobility anchor(LMA) and the mobile access gateway(MAG) are the key entities realizing the system function of PMIPv6. To solve the reliability problem of PMIPv6 MAG,this paper proposes an MAG fault-tolerant method based on pool(MAGFT) . MAGFT introduces MAG pool to realize MAG fault-tolerant. Several MAG pools are constructed in an PMIPv6 domain,and each MAG belongs to at least one of the pools. When an MAG fails,a given MAG in the same pool will take over. The results of theoretical analysis and simulation show that the fault-tolerant latency of MAGFT can be restricted within 35ms～340ms. When the fault-tolerant latency is lower than 120ms,MAGFT can avoid the influence of MAG failure on MNs’ up-layer TCP applications. In the worst condition,MAGFT can resume an MN's TCP throughput within 1.1s,1.6s,and 2.8s respectively when the MN resides in WLAN,3G or satellite network. For the upper applications based on UPD,MAGFT can resume MNs’ packet rate within 2s after the occurrence of an MAG failure. At the same time,MAGFT introduces low signaling cost,which can be neglected when compared with the PMIPv6 signaling. MN's access delay introduced by MAGFT is no more than 10ms.
Iphiclides podalirinus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

14. Iphiclides podalirinus (Oberthür, 1890) Papilio podalirinus Oberth ü r, 1890; Ét. Ent., 13: 37, pl. 9, f. 99; TL: ‘Tsé-Kou’ [Yanmen, N. Yunnan, China]. Distribution: only found in the upper Lancang-Mekong River valley in Deqen; also found in N.W. Sichuan and E. Tibet.
Removal of Phosphorus from Aqueous Solution by Lanthanum Hydrate

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Aiming at the development of novel efficient adsorbents for phosphorus removal from wastewater, metal hydrates (MeH) were selected as adsorbent material. Several kinds of MeH were tested for phosphorus adsorption, and lanthanum hydrate (LaH) was found to possess a high adsorption capacity. Corresponding to solution pH change, LaH's adsorption capacity changed largely, and at about pH=3 reached the peak. Its adsorption isotherm accorded prefer Langmuir's to Fruendrich's equations. Influences of different anions on its adsorption capacity were tested. This adsorbent was effective to adsorb orthophosphate but limited to remove polyphosphoric anion. The experimental results demonstrated that the LaH adsorbent was superior to traditional activated alumina adsorbent in adsorption performance.
Self-efficacy beliefs and young people's political participation

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Political efficacy is one of the strongest predictors of adults’ political participation, but it has been less studied among young people. General self-efficacy has been considered a possible causal factor for young people to engage in politics. These constructs, in addition to young people’s participation in the so called “social media revolutions” (SMR), an Internet phenomenon in Iceland, were examined. An online survey was posted on social media and emailed to students at a large university in Iceland. A total of 459 participants (60.7% female, 39.3% male) between the ages of 18 and 31 (M = 23.9, SD = 3.5) completed the survey. Both general and political efficacy were associated with political participation, but mediation analysis reviled that the relationship between general self-efficacy and political participation was mediated through political efficacy. Logistic regression analysis showed that political efficacy predicted SMR-participation, but general self-efficacy did not. Furthermore, SMR- participants participated more actively in politics than did non-participants. The results underline the importance of political efficacy for political participation among young people, but indicate that the effects of general self-efficacy are minimal.; Politisk sjalfstiltru er einn af sterkustu forsparþattum stjornmalaþatttoku a meðal fullorðinna, en það samband hefur verið minna rannsakað a meðal ungs folks. Almenn sjalfstiltru hefur verið talin mogulegur ahrifaþattur a stjornmalaþatttoku ungs folks. Þessi hugtok, auk þatttoku i „byltingum“ a samfelagsmiðlum a Islandi, voru rannsokuð. Konnun var send ut a samfelagsmiðlum og til nemenda islensks haskola. Samtals toku 459 manns þatt (60.7% konur, 39.3% karlar) a aldrinum 18 – 31 ars (M = 23.9, SD = 3.5). Niðurstoðurnar syndu að baeði politisk og almenn sjalfstiltru hofðu tengsl við stjornmalaþatttoku, en sambandi almennrar sjalfstiltruar og stjornmalaþatttoku var miðlað i gegnum politiska sjalfstiltru. Aðhvarfsgreining hlutfalla syndi að politisk sjalfstiltru spaði fyrir um þatttoku i samfelagsmiðlabyltingum, en ekki almenn sjalfstiltru. Þatttakendur i samfelagsmiðlabyltingum toku virkari þatt i stjornmalum en aðrir. Niðurstoðurnar undirstrika mikilvaegi politiskrar sjalfstiltruar i samhengi við stjornmalaþatttoku, en gefa til kynna að ahrif almennrar sjalfstiltruar seu litil.
Overexpression of microRNA‑506‑3p aggravates the injury of vascular endothelial cells in patients with hypertension by downregulating Beclin1 expression

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of the present study was to measure the expression of microRNA (miRNA)-506-3p in the peripheral blood of patients with hypertension and to determine the biological functions and mechanisms of action of miR-506-3p. A total of 61 patients with primary hypertension were included in the present study. Peripheral blood was collected from all patients, as well as 31 healthy subjects who were included in a control group. The expression of miR-506-3p in peripheral blood was determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were transfected with miR-506-3p mimics or miR-506-3p inhibitor. The proliferation and migration of HUVECs were determined using cell-counting kit 8 and Transwell assays, respectively. The cell cycle and apoptosis of HUVECs were detected by flow cytometry. The expression of Beclin1 (BECN1) protein, a potential target of miR-506-3p, was measured using western blotting. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine the interaction between BECN1 and miR-506-3p. It was demonstrated that miR-506-3p expression in the peripheral blood of patients with patients was upregulated and dependent on the severity of hypertension. miR-506-3p overexpression inhibited the proliferation and migration of HUVECs. In addition, miR-506-3p inhibited the transition from the G1 phase to the S-phase in HUVECs. Overexpression of miR-506-3p promoted the apoptosis of HUVECs. Notably, miR-506-3p downregulated the expression of BECN1 by directly binding to its 3'-untranslated region. The present study demonstrated that miR-506-3p expression is elevated in the peripheral blood of patients with hypertension and is associated with the severity of hypertension. By downregulating BECN1 expression, miR-506-3p aggravates injury in vascular endothelial cells by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of HUVECs, as well as promoting their apoptosis.
Dynamic Trust Evaluation Algorithm for Blockchain Empowered FinTech

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the help of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, cloud computing, and data science, financial technology (FinTech) has promoted the rapid application of the financial industry. Blockchain technology can better maintain the security and integrity of FinTech data and reduce the security risk of financial data. This paper proposes a dynamic trust evaluation algorithm for blockchain empowered FinTech (DTEBF). In the DTEBF algorithm, the blockchain is used to record the relevant data and trust evaluation in the process of block setting, which is conducive to the verification of the trust degree issued by the trust holder by the FinTech users and the safe and reliable transmission of FinTech data. The simulation experiment shows that DTEBF algorithm can better improve the security and reliable application of FinTech trust mechanism, and has advantages in improving the accuracy of trust calculation and potential applications.
Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Dan Pemberian Kompensasi Non Finansial Terhadap Kinerja Individual Pada Pekerja Gen Z

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between job satisfaction, non-financial compensation and individual performance in the working Gen Z population. The method used is a quantitative method, using a purposive sampling technique based on 40 working generations of Gen Z. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires online via the WhatsApp application. The results of this research show that job satisfaction has a positive and insignificant effect on individual performance and non-financial benefits have a negative and insignificant effect on individual performance.
Cabin noise measurements with microphone arrays and sound intensity probes

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Aircraft cabin noise measurements in flight are necessary to characterize the acoustic experience in the cabin. The goal is to quantify the noise level, to identify the entry point of acoustic energy into the cabin, and to identify the noise source. Measurements were done in the ground-based Dornier 728 cabin noise simulation system. This system produces a realistic in-flight cabin sound field by 78 distributed vibration exciters on the back of the cabin lining. The measurements were conducted using an array of 30 microphones at different positions and synchronized afterwards to establish a virtual array with 420 microphones. Beamforming and source integration methods are used to derive an acoustic intensity level from the array measurements. As a reference, the acoustic intensity was measured using a pp-probe and the results are compared with the ones obtained using the array.
Values of "pure science": Nishina Yoshio's wartime discourse between nationalism and physics, 1940-1945

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper discusses Nishina Yoshio's attitude toward World War II and scientific research during the war. Nishina was the leading Japanese physicist in interwar Japan and the chief scientist of Japan's wartime nuclear power project. The paper describes how Nishina was caught between conflicting norms of his professional and national identities and how he tried to resolve the conflicts.
WHAT FEELINGS DO PEOPLE WANT TO FEEL WHEN FUTURE TIME IS LIMITED?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Socioemotional selectivity theory suggests that people prioritize emotionally meaningful goals and are motivated to experience their desired emotion, when they perceive future time as more limited (e.g., at an advanced age). Then, what affective states do people desire to feel when future time is limited? The present research examined the relationship between future time perspective and the affective states that people ideally want to feel (ideal affect) using a combination of survey, experience sampling, and experimental methods. Two hundred Ninety-nine Hong Kong Chinese aged 18 to 80 years (M = 46.64 years, SD = 20.81 years; 46% female) participated in the survey and 106 of them participated in the experience-sampling study. Across two methods, we found that people who perceived their future time as more limited valued low-arousal positive states (e.g., calm and peaceful) more than did people who perceived future time as more expanded. Such finding was robust in both trait (from the survey) and momentary (from the experience-sampling) ideal affect. Then, we conducted an experiment among 258 Hong Kong Chinese aged 18–80 years (M = 43.31 years, SD = 20.66 years; 57% female), in which participants were primed with either a limited future time perspective or an expanded future time perspective. We found that participants in the limited future time condition valued low arousal positive sates more and high arousal positive states (e.g., excited and enthusiastic) less than did participants in the expanded future time condition. These findings broaden our understanding of emotional goals in limited (vs. expanded) future time perspective.
Novel Prognostic Markers for Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Their Roles in Immune Infiltration of the Tumor Microenvironment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background: Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is one of the most common malignant cancers worldwide, the overall prognosis of LIHC remains unsatisfactory. Valuable prognostic biomarkers are still urgently needed for LIHC. This study aimed to explore hub genes associated with the prognosis of LIHC and tumor microenvironmental immune infiltration, providing potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for LIHC. Methods: RNA-seq counts data for LIHC samples were obtained from TCGA database. RNA-seq counts data for normal liver samples were obtained from GTEx database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to cluster differentially expressed genes with similar expression profiles to form modules and significant modules and key genes were screened. Next, these genes was verified by cox analyses and overall survival analysis. Further, CIBERSORT was used to explore the relationship between these genes and tumor infiltrating immune cells. Results: A total number of 2661 significant DEGs were included for consensus WGCNA analysis, which identified 6 modules. Blue module (r=0.85, p<0.0001) showed high relationship with LIHC, which included 400 genes. After the overall survival analyses of hub genes, CDC20, CDCA5, CDCA8, KIF2C and KIFC1 were identified as five potential marker genes, which would result in an unfavorable prognosis in LIHC. Further CIBERSORT analysis showed these novel biomarkers expression levels in LIHC were positively correlated with activated memory CD4+ T cells, follicular helper T cells, regulatory T cells and macrophages M0. While, resting memory CD4+ T cells, monocytes, macrophages M2, resting mast cells showed a negative correlation with the 5 novel biomarkers expression levels. Conclusions: The study screened 5 genes with marked prognostic capability for LIHC and found these genes were correlated with the infiltration of immune cells in LIHC tumor microenvironment. The findings might provide a more detailed molecular mechanism underlying LIHC occurrence and progression, holding promise for acting as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.