jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Self-Assembled Composite Films Constructed by Chemically-Modified MXene and Dyes with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Characterization

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The effective functionalization and self-assembly of MXene are of crucial importance for a broad range of nanomaterial applications. In this work, we investigated the aggregates of sulfanilic acid-modified MXene (abbreviated as MXene-SO3H) with three model dyes at the air–water interface and demonstrated the morphological and aggregation changes of composite films, using Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technology, as well as excellent uniformity and reproducibility by using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra. This research has found that cationic dye molecules were adsorbed onto negatively charged MXene-SO3H particles mainly through electrostatic interaction and the particles induced dyes to form highly ordered nanostructures including H- and/or J-aggregates corresponding to monomers in bulk solution. The surface pressure-area isotherms from different dye sub phases confirmed that the stable composite films have been successfully formed. And the spectral results reveal that different dyes have different types of aggregations. In addition, the SERS spectra indicated that the optimal layers of MXene-SO3H/methylene blue (MB) films was 50 layers using rhodamine 6G (R6G) as probe molecule. And the formed 50 layers of MXene-SO3H/MB films (MXene-SO3H/MB-50) as SERS substrate were proved to possess excellent uniformity and repeatability.
20 years of Nursing made Incredibly Easy!

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

FigureNursing made Incredibly Easy! has been here for 20 years! What an accomplishment to have achieved success in our competitive environment. The secret isn't a secret at all: We use evidence-based research to support evidence-based practice. That premise has created a dedicated following and given the publication a reputation as a trusted resource for nurses. We've been recognized for our feature articles throughout the years and have become an excellent source for continuing education. This issue is no different, as we investigate care of the patient with pneumothorax and hemothorax, chlorohexidine baths in oncology, congenital heart disease, and neurologic examinations. You'll notice that we have an additional focus on students and their needs. Students are our future, and Nursing made Incredibly Easy! wants to support our nursing students. There's an Education Extra on nurse residency programs that support successful transitions into practice, a piece on NCLEX success, and an expert column on technology in healthcare. We're keenly aware that we're once again facing a nursing shortage. This shortage was predicted years ago as we looked at decreased enrollments in nursing schools, declining availability of academic faculty, and a decrease in nurses choosing direct care. The mean age of nurses in the US is 52 years.1 Many nurses are looking at retirement after years of investing in their career area of choice. The pandemic has only exacerbated existing problems. Nurses are now leaving the profession, looking into early retirement, or choosing career paths that will move them away from direct patient care. Nursing has been voted the most trusted profession for 20 years in a row and for good reason. Time and again nurses have displayed exemplary courage and strong ethical values in the face of adversity. Now our most trusted profession is in a crisis that continues to spiral as we struggle to support, educate, and empower current and future professionals. Nursing made Incredibly Easy! has been with you every step of the way, providing social media opportunities for education and communication, and the features that educate our readership on not only evidence-based practice, but how the healthcare systems function. Understanding that safe, quality care is a choice and a process and nursing's role in that is crucial. I want to draw your attention to an excellent commentary from Dr. Anne Dabrow Woods, the Chief Nurse for Wolters Kluwer's Health, Learning Research and Practice division. Dr. Woods gives an insightful overview of where we've been in that last 20 years and how Nursing made Incredibly Easy! has grown and developed to meet the needs of our audience. Welcome to our 20th anniversary edition. If you're new to our publication, I welcome and invite you to dive into our archives and see for yourself our body of work. We have much to be proud of.Figure
THE ABILITY OF AMOEBA PROTEUS TO KILL SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS INTRODUCED BY MICRO‐INJECTION, AND THE INFLUENCE OF OPSONINS ON INTRACELLULAR KILLING

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Summary A micro‐injection technique is described which allowed S. enteritidis Se795 to be injected directly into the cytoplasm of Amoeba proteus . The decrease in the number of bacteria recovered after increasing intervals of time allowed that the half‐life of S. enteridis within amoebae was approximately five hours. Opsonisation of the salmonellae with serum did not shorten their intracellular half‐life.
Effects of Urease/Nitrification Inhibitor on Soil Nitrogen Leaching Loss in Loamy Fluvo-Aquic Soil

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

【Objective】 The objective of this study was to determine the effects of urease/nitrification inhibitors on the transformation and leaching of nitrogen from urea.【Method】A soil column leaching experiment was conducted in a greenhouse to observe nitrogen transformation and leaching loss following the application of urea with a urease inhibitor N-(n-Butyl) thiophosphoric triamide(NBPT),a nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide(DCD),or both.【Result】When urea-N was applied at 600 kg?hm-2,NBPT and DCD combined or separately application significantly reduced the NO3——N concentration in the leacheate before 24 days,and reached the peak after 30 days.DCD,or DCD and NBPT combined application retarded the peak by 7 days.DCD had a greater effect on reducing nitrogen leaching through the whole monitoring period,the combination of NBPT or DCD and NBPT had a good effect especially in the latter period.For the whole leaching study period,the combination of NBPT,DCD,DCD and NBPT significantly reduced the nitrate accumulation by 11.6%,13.7% and 17.2%,respectively.【Conclusion】When fertilizer was applied to a certain extent,nitrate leaching loss can be reduced by applying urea fertilizer with a urease and/or nitrification inhibitor.
Quantum Corrections to the Cosmological Evolution of Conformally Coupled Fields

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Because the source term for the equations of motion of a conformally coupled scalar field, such as the dilaton, is given by the trace of the matter energy momentum tensor, it is commonly assumed to vanish during the radiation dominated epoch in the early universe. As a consequence, such fields are generally frozen in the early universe. Here we compute the finite temperature radiative correction to the source term and discuss its consequences on the evolution of such fields in the early universe. We discuss in particular, the case of scalar tensor theories of gravity which have general relativity as an attractor solution. We show that, in some cases, the universe can experience an early phase of contraction, followed by a non-singular bounce, and standard expansion. This can have interesting consequences for the abundance of thermal relics; for instance, it can provide a solution to the gravitino problem. We conclude by discussing the possible consequences of the quantum corrections to the evolution of the dilaton.
Era of Computational Cognitive Techniques in Healthcare Systems

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Biomedical informatics and behavioral medicine are developing in parallel with its own theories and methods in the field of science. The conjunction of research cognitive information science offers enormous challenges and opportunities in addressing community health glitches and supervision of disease prevention. Classification of the healthcare cognitive informatics system accumulates medical, communal, and individual statistics from diverse sources of healthcare to enhance the rendezvous of patients. This chapter provides comprehensive review on the preceding research linked to cognitive informatics and computing in healthcare division. The era of computational cognitive informatics and technique has been divided into three areas of computing and healthcare informatics such as tabulating era, programmable era, and cognitive computing. Tabulating era was completely nourished into machinedriven system and the figuring was principally achieved by tabulating machines, calculators, and vacuum systems. The programmable era was entirely meticulous by the user interface design such as mainframe, smart computer machines, and personal computer. The era evolved of cognitive computing from 2011, this era nourished to the formation of automated IT systems that can resolve difficulties deprived of the necessity for human assistance. The main emphasis and driver of this cognitive era was the swift exponential upsurge in the flow of unstructured data. This chapter deals with the significant role of cognitive informatics in terms of the emerging areas in healthcare as well as to explore the methods, algorithms, in the healthcare division.
Stimulatory effect of dietary clove, Eugenia caryophyllata, bud extract on growth performance, nutrient utilization, antioxidant capacity, and tolerance of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (B.), to Aeromonas hydrophila infection

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The occurrence of pathogenic bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila , in farm‐raised fish requires urgent attention. Continuous and indiscriminate use of antibiotics as growth promoters and disease control agents in aquaculture have been discouraged because of the risk of development of antibiotic‐resistant bacterial strains. There is steady interest in the use of botanicals, such as clove, Eugenia caryophyllata , buds extract (ECBE), as alternatives. Hence, the present study evaluated the effect of dietary ECBE supplementation on the growth performance, physiological, antioxidant, and immunity biomarkers of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus . Fish (11.7 ± 0.5 g) were fed diets containing 0.0 (control), 5.0, 10.0, or 15.0 g ECBE/kg diet up to apparent satiation twice daily for 12 weeks. After the feeding trial, fish from each treatment were challenged with A. hydrophila infection by intraperitoneal injection and kept under observation for 14 days to record any abnormal clinical signs and daily mortality. The results demonstrated that fish performance and feed intake were significantly enhanced with increasing ECBE levels, and its optimum level is 15 g/kg diet. Further, the dietary ECBE increased significantly the intestinal villi length/width and absorption area in a dose‐dependent manner. There are significant progressive increases in the values of red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cells, platelets, lymphocytes, and heterocytes, while monocytes, eosinophil, and basophils decreased significantly due to dietary ECBE in a dose‐dependent manner. Highest glucose, cholesterol, total protein, globulin, and albumin‐globulin ratios, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, and creatinine values were found in fish fed 15 g ECBE/kg diets, while lowest values were recorded in fish fed the control diet. Despite the high AST and ALT values, no visible lesions or damage were observed in the liver cells of fish fed ECBE‐enriched diets. In addition, the inclusion of ECBE in fish diets enhanced the antioxidant and immunity capacity. Fish mortality after the bacterial challenge was higher in fish fed the control diet (82.3%) than those fed ECBE‐enriched diets. The lowest fish mortality was observed in fish fed the 15 ECBE/kg diet (4.7%) [Correction added on 16 November 2018: this section has been revised for clarity.].
A curious case of bilateral superior semicircular canal dehiscence in a scenographer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome (SSCDS) was first reported by Lloyd Minor and colleagues back in 1998. Since then, many patients have been diag­nosed with this syndrome and the diagnostic and treatment pro­­to­­cols are constantly being developed and refined. The patho­gno­mo­nic signs of this disease, like vertigo induced by loud sounds or pressure delivered into the external ear, are well known amongst audiologists and ENT doctors alike. Despite the fact that the Bárány Society has proposed diag­no­sis criteria for this disease and the technological progress in the domain of medical imaging is constantly providing doc­tors with better means to assess patients, SSCDS is still a fle­eting concept, with semicircular canal dehiscence present in asymptomatic individuals or with bilateral bone defects which produce oscillopsia and mimic a bilateral vestibular loss at times.
In Interactive, Web-Based Approach to Metadata Authoring

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

NASA's Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) serves a growing number of users by assisting the scientific community in the discovery of and linkage to Earth science data sets and related services. The GCMD holds over 8000 data set descriptions in Directory Interchange Format (DIF) and 200 data service descriptions in Service Entry Resource Format (SERF), encompassing the disciplines of geology, hydrology, oceanography, meteorology, and ecology. Data descriptions also contain geographic coverage information, thus allowing researchers to discover data pertaining to a particular geographic location, as well as subject of interest. The GCMD strives to be the preeminent data locator for world-wide directory level metadata. In this vein, scientists and data providers must have access to intuitive and efficient metadata authoring tools. Existing GCMD tools are not currently attracting. widespread usage. With usage being the prime indicator of utility, it has become apparent that current tools must be improved. As a result, the GCMD has released a new suite of web-based authoring tools that enable a user to create new data and service entries, as well as modify existing data entries. With these tools, a more interactive approach to metadata authoring is taken, as they feature a visual checklist of data/service fields that automatically update when a field is completed. In this way, the user can quickly gauge which of the required and optional fields have not been populated. With the release of these tools, the Earth science community will be further assisted in efficiently creating quality data and services metadata. Keywords: metadata, Earth science, metadata authoring tools
Across the Great Divide: Agriculture and Industrial Geography

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Research within industrial geography has illuminated the relationship between the restructuring of manufacturing and the reshaping of urban space. Industrial geographers have paid little attention, however, to the dramatic social and economic changes occurring throughout rural America. I contend that evident sectoral and urban biases mask an underlying issue: a persistent conceptual schism between agriculture and industry, in which agriculture is comparatively undertheorized as an arena of capitalist development. As a result, a significant part of the story of economic restructuring—the transformation of farming and the creation of new forms of rural development—remains largely unexamined. This paper sets out to bridge the gap separating industry from agriculture and thereby begins to recover this lost side of industrial restructuring. I argue that the incorporation of agriculture into industrial geography involves much more than a simple mapping of industrial theory onto farm terrain; it requires an exploration of the distinctive process of industrialization surrounding farm production. A careful treatment of agricultural development allows farming to be reclaimed from the conceptual backwater, while also providing an opportunity to scrutinize industrial theory from a forgotten perspective. Drawing on recent political economic research in geography and allied fields, I focus on three themes that emerge from the study of agriculture and discuss the lessons they impart to industrial geography: (1) the importance of sectoral difference to regional development, (2) the multiplicity of industrialization paths, and (3) the importance of locality. Each theme is illustrated using examples drawn from the Midwest.
Constitutional Problems under Lincoln by J. G. Randall

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Book Review| April 01 1952 Constitutional Problems under Lincoln by J. G. Randall Constitutional Problems under Lincoln. By Randall, J. G.. Revised edition; Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1951. Pp. xxxiii, 596. $4.50. Harry R. Stevens Harry R. Stevens Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google South Atlantic Quarterly (1952) 51 (2): 346. https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-51-2-346 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Harry R. Stevens; Constitutional Problems under Lincoln by J. G. Randall. South Atlantic Quarterly 1 April 1952; 51 (2): 346. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-51-2-346 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsSouth Atlantic Quarterly Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1952 by Duke University Press1952 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
To determine the outcomes of transurethral nephroscope for the treatment of large vesical stone with using pneumatic lithoclast

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In this study, our aim is “to study the determine the outcomes of transurethral nephroscope for the treatment of vesical stones using pneumatic lithoclast”. Material and Methods: The detailed study was conducted in Department of Urology, Islam Medical & Dental College/ Islam teaching/Central hospital Sialkot, from March 2019-March 2020 where we included 25 Male and 5 female who with vesical stones greater then 4 cm that was fragmented using the through transurethral use of a nephroscope via 26F amlplatz sheath. We took history from medical cards and conducted physical examinations, lab tests, urine culture and ultrasonagraphy of urinary tract. Then using the x-ray KUB film for stone clearance. We noted the mean age, operation time, presenting symptoms, complications and the post operative status of the stone clearane, and conducted our analysis using SPSS version 20. Result: The mean age ± SD was noted to be 48.79±12.499 years and male to female percentage being 89% to 11%. The mean stone size was 4.53±0.38 cm and mean operation time was 48.79±8.73 minutes. Thirty-one patients (31%) developed retention of urine and straining during micturition in (17%), dribbling of urine (15%) , hematuria (10%), frequent urination(10%) and abdominal pain was reported in 15% patients. Ninety-six (96%) patients achieved the stone-free status and had no complications while only 1 patient had an intravesical bleeding. Conclusion: We conclude that treatment of large stone using a nephroscope via a transurethral amplatz sheath is an effective procedure and quick too.We also noticed that the Amplatz sheath helps in pneumatic lithotripsy is indeed an effective and safe procedure to be carry out in patients with large bladder stones.
Mortalidad por desnutrición en Colombia durante la pandemia Covid19

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and objectives: Malnutrition caused by low economic income is a social problem that involves malnutrition as a direct factor in increasing morbidity and mortality. Although malnutrition is considered a low prevalence event in Colombia, its impact is significant. Method: In this study, an ecological analysis was carried out using DANE data on mortality due to malnutrition in Colombia in 2020. Mortality rates per 100,000 people were calculated and compared according to sex and origin (departments). Findings: The results indicated that 1,756 people died from malnutrition in 2020, with a national mortality rate of 3.49 per 100,000 inhabitants. No significant variation in the rate was found. There were no significant differences in the rate according to sex. In Guainía, the mortality rate due to malnutrition was the highest, with 11.0 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, while, in San Andrés, the rate was the lowest, with 1.57 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. La Guajira registered the highest mortality rate due to malnutrition in the Caribbean region. Also, compared to the population of the Colombian capital, Bogotá, the population of the Colombian Caribbean presented a 4.62 times greater risk of death due to malnutrition. Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of addressing the problem of malnutrition in Colombia, particularly in areas with high mortality rates. From an economic point of view, malnutrition has a significant impact on society. The premature death of people suffering from malnutrition means a loss of human and productive capital for the country. Furthermore, malnutrition can lead to disabilities and chronic diseases, which also have a negative impact on the economy.
Frozen Vein Wrapping for Chronic Nerve Constriction Injury Reduces Sciatic Nerve Allodynia in a Rat Model

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

BackgroundAutologous vein wrapping (VW) is used in the treatment of recurrent chronic constriction neuropathy and traumatic peripheral nerve injury. However, use of autologous veins is limited by the inability to obtain longer veins of sufficient length for larger sites. Frozen allograft tissue has several advantages, including its availability for large grafts, avoidance of donor-site morbidity, and shorter operation time. Here, we investigated the effect of frozen vein wrapping (FVW) in Wistar rats as a model of sciatic nerve injury. MethodsThe rats were grouped by treatment as (i) untreated after chronic constriction injury surgery (CCI; control group), (ii) treated with vein wrapping using freshly isolated vein (VW), and (iii) treated with vein wrapping using frozen vein (FVW). Mechanical allodynia was assessed with von Frey filaments on postoperative days (PODs) 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14. ResultsThe response of heme oxygenase-1 gene, Hmox-1, expression to VW and FVW was assessed by RT-PCR. Both VW and FVW significantly increased withdrawal threshold levels compared to the untreated control group on POD 1, 3, and 5. Both VW and FVW also showed increased HO-1 expression compared to the CCI group. ConclusionsOur results suggest that FVW may be a suitable therapeutic optionas a source of large grafts.