jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The main theoretical approaches to the study of disorders of social cognition in schizophrenia: current status and prospects of development

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The article deals with the basic theoretical constructs, which became the basis of modern research of social cognition in schizophrenia's violations: social percep tion, pragmatic communication, attributional style, the theory of mind and oth ers. We summed empirical data (based on these constructs) and maintained its fragmented, difficult to compile character. The tendency towards unification of the empirical data on the basis of the methodology of neurosciences, namely the social brain hypothesis were fixed. The lack of attention to the motivational com ponent in modern studies of violations of social cognition in schizophrenia is emphasized. We describe the original complex model of violations of social intel ligence, including the operational, regulatory motivational and behavioral com ponents. The data of empirical studies demonstrating the important role of moti vational component in the form of social anhedonia violations of social cognition in schizophrenia is listed.
Controlling Helix Handedness in Water‐Soluble Quinoline Oligoamide Foldamers (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 20/2014)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The cover picture shows a graphical representation of water-soluble aromatic oligoamide foldamers frozen into ice cubes. This illustrates that P helices (blue) and M helices (red) are kinetically locked in water, allowing their separation as diastereoisomers by the incorporation of a chiral end group at the C terminus. Details are discussed in the article by A. Kotschy, I. Huc et al. on p. 4265 ff. The cover was designed by Dr. Simon Dawson, who is also the first author of the article.
Improving the quality and efficiency of budget social expenditure in the public financial management system

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Subject of research: applied principles of social expenditure management within the public finance system. The purpose of the article is the development of scientific and pragmatic recommendations for improving the efficiency and quality of budget social expenditures in the public financial management system. Methodology of work. The set of scientific methods and approaches, including the method of system analysis, comparison, generalization, etc., was applied in the work, which allowed to realize the conceptual unity of the research. Results of work. Taking into account the identified problems in the work, a set of scientific and pragmatic recommendations was proposed on how to increase the efficiency of budgetary social expenditures on the basis of budget implementation for citizens. The necessity of introduction of the state order for social services and its competitive placement, improvement of pricing through payment of services as a result of reduction of the budget of the maintenance of the corresponding budgetary institutions, involvement of the non-governmental organizations for realization of social protection of the population, application of marketing tools for an estimation of the social services market. clarification of financial indicators in the formation and implementation of the budget for citizens, state social programs. The application of these proposals will contribute to the further modernization of the public financial management system. Practical Implications: organization and conduct of research in the field of improving the system of public finance in the conditions of transformational changes. Conclusions: The necessity of the development and implementation of an effective monitoring, evaluation and social audit system for providing social support has been proved. It has proposed to increase the efficiency of administrative decisions in the system of providing social support by creating a unified database of recipients of all types of social assistance, a single information environment for social protection institutions of the population, the Pension Fund of Ukraine, the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, and civil registration authorities.
The Role of Employee Moral Awareness in Promoting Ethical Leadership: Towards Reducing Organisational Deviance in Ghana

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

A leader’s influence on subordinate behaviour may not always be direct as indicated by some researchers. Ethical leadership’s influence may be dependent on other boundary factors. Employees’ attentiveness to moral issues varies depending on how they cognitively process moral signals. This difference in employee moral awareness influences how an individual persistently recognizes and perceives morality and moral elements and subsequently practices its requirements. The study gap revolves around how employee moral awareness relates to ethical leadership and organisational deviance in the Ghanaian context. One key objective was to determine whether employee moral awareness moderates the nexus between organisational deviance and ethical leadership since the body of research on EL has largely relied on a leader-focused approach without regard to how subordinates’ characteristics form boundary conditions to shape EL influence. The study also investigated the relationship between ethical leadership and organisational deviance. The study targeted 12 tier-1 banks operating as universal banks in Ghana and used a quantitative approach to sample and collect data from respondents associated with these banks. In analyzing the data, structural equation modelling, as well as descriptive statistics, were used. Results from the study report a significant negative relationship between ethical leadership and organisational deviance. Subordinate moral awareness also had an important moderating function in the association between organisational deviance and ethical leadership. Moral awareness training is recommended to be incorporated into organisational human resource training programs.
On The GeV & TeV Detections of the Starburst Galaxies M82 & NGC 253

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The GeV and TeV emission from M82 and NGC 253 observed by Fermi, HESS, and VERITAS constrains the physics of cosmic rays (CRs) in these dense starbursts. We argue that the gamma rays are predominantly hadronic in origin, as expected by previous studies. The measured fluxes imply that pionic losses are efficient for CR protons in both galaxies: we show that a fraction F_cal ~ 0.2 - 0.4 of the energy injected in high energy primary CR protons is lost to inelastic proton-proton collisions (pion production) before escape, producing gamma rays, neutrinos, and secondary electrons and positrons. We discuss the factor ~2 uncertainties in this estimate, including supernova rate and leptonic contributions to the GeV-TeV emission. We argue that gamma-ray data on ULIRGs like Arp 220 can test whether M82 and NGC 253 are truly calorimetric, and we present upper limits on Arp 220 from the Fermi data. We show that the observed ratio of the GeV to GHz fluxes of the starbursts suggests that non-synchrotron cooling processes are important for cooling the CR electron/positron population. We briefly reconsider previous predictions in light of the gamma-ray detections, including the starburst contribution to the gamma-ray background and CR energy densities. Finally, as a guide for future studies, we list the brightest star-forming galaxies on the sky and present updated predictions for their gamma-ray and neutrino fluxes.
Hemifacial paralysis in a child treated for leukemia: unusual side effect of omeprazole?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report a hemifacial paralysis as an adverse drug reaction possibly related to the use of omeprazole in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We believe that this case, although very rare, is clinically significant and worth mentioning, owing to the frequent use of omeprazole in the oncology setting. J Oncol Pharm Practice (2010) 16: 129—132.
Multivariate Statistical Analysis to Yield of Canola under Drought Stress and Spraying of Gibberellin and Salicylic Acid

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Drought stress is one of the most critical factors in the reduction of yield among plant growth factors. Salicylic acid is a regulator that plays a vital role in the physiological processes of the plant. Gibberellin is one of the plant growth-regulating hormones that have different effects on the growth and development of many plants during growth stages. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this research is to identify the traits that have a strong and productive relationship with the performance of canola under conditions of drought stress and levels of Gibberellin acid and salicylic acid application. METHODS: An experiment was conducted as a split-split plot based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during the cultivation season of 2017-2018 in Darreh-Shahr city, Ilam Province. The experimental factors were four levels of irrigation, including normal irrigation, cut of irrigation in stem elongation, cut of irrigation at the start of flowering. The cut of Irrigation at the beginning of the pod were allocated as main plots. Sub factors and sub-sub factors were two levels of spraying and non-spraying of Gibberellin hormone and salicylic acid, respectively. RESULT: Based on the results of correlation coefficients between the traits, it was determined that all of the studied traits had a significant correlation with grain yield. Investigation of regression coefficients using t-test showed that only the effects of three traits such as the number of flowering branches, 1000-seed weight, and harvest index were significant, but other characteristics in the model had a feeble impact on grain yield prediction. The number of flowering branches and harvest index has a more substantial contribution than other characters in predicting grain yield because one unit of increase causes the grain yield to increase by 42% in the standard deviation scale. CONCLUSION: According to the results, to improve the yield of rapeseed, three at-tributes of 1000 seed weight and number of flowering branches and harvest index have to be emphasized that directly or indirectly affect this trait.
Pre-stages of the Formation of Ge3N4 on the Surface of Syngle-crystal Germanium in Hydrazine Vapors

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The interaction of hydrazine vapors with single-crystal germanium was studied by using the thermogravimetric method. The article considers the processes taking place on the surface of Ge up to the formation of Ge3N4 nitride, in particular, the accumulation of N2H4+H2O vapors and their etching with water vapor contained in hydrazine.
[Treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis with surgery and hyperthermic peroperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC): new aspects and validated indications].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hyperthermic intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is now an entire part of treatment of peritoneal dissemination of colorectal malignancy, and it's possible to hope prolonged survival. This treatment is more and more codified. Four indications are recognized by some tree national evaluation committees: the French ANAES, the British NICE and the Canadian CEPO: colorectal carcinoma, carcinoma of the appendix, pseudomyxoma peritonei and mesothelioma. Last big published series results show a decrease of morbidity and mortality and interest of using new drugs like oxaliplatine. Indications have to be more homogeneous and based on evidences.
Management and outcomes of coronary artery perforations treated with the block and deliver technique

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A bstract Objectives and Background Coronary artery perforation (CAP) is a potentially life‐threatening complication during percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and the best strategy for its management is yet to be proved. We aimed to analyze the safety, efficacy, and long‐term clinical outcomes of the block and deliver (BAD) technique, as only anecdotal cases are reported in literature. Methods From January 2016 to January 2020, all consecutive patients treated with the BAD technique at five high‐volume centers in Italy were retrospectively identified. Results 25 CAPs treated with the BAD technique were included. The most frequently perforated artery was the left anterior descending artery (32%) and spring‐coil wires with a hydrophilic coating were the most common culprit wires (68%). Mean sealing time was 46.9 ± 60.1 min, with no significant differences between CTO‐PCIs and non‐CTO PCIs ( p = .921). Acute successful sealing of the CAP was achieved in 96% of the cases. Immediate cardiac tamponade occurred in 28% of patients, four during CTO PCI and three during non‐CTO PCI ( p = .55). Two patients required pericardiocentesis during hospitalization, one patient developed acute kidney injury, and one patient underwent cardiac surgery due to severe mitral regurgitation. At 1‐year follow‐up no significant differences were observed between groups in terms of POCE (25 vs 25%, p = .628) and its individual components. Conclusion The BAD technique proved to be effective for the management of CAP, showing high successful sealing rates. Rates of in‐hospital events and at 1‐year follow‐up did not significantly differ between patients suffering CAP during CTO revascularization or during non‐CTO PCI.
Land use intensification alters ecosystem multifunctionality via loss of biodiversity and changes to functional composition

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Global change, especially land-use intensification, affects human well-being by impacting the delivery of multiple ecosystem services (multifunctionality). However, whether biodiversity loss is a major component of global change effects on multifunctionality in real-world ecosystems, as in experimental ones, remains unclear. Therefore, we assessed biodiversity, functional composition and 14 ecosystem services on 150 agricultural grasslands differing in land-use intensity. We also introduce five multifunctionality measures in which ecosystem services were weighted according to realistic land-use objectives. We found that indirect land-use effects, i.e. those mediated by biodiversity loss and by changes to functional composition, were as strong as direct effects on average. Their strength varied with land-use objectives and regional context. Biodiversity loss explained indirect effects in a region of intermediate productivity and was most damaging when land-use objectives favoured supporting and cultural services. In contrast, functional composition shifts, towards fast-growing plant species, strongly increased provisioning services in more inherently unproductive grasslands.
Weekend battle

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Entertainment has the power to improve workers' motivation. This improvement affects their productivity. Based on this idea, we have proposed the entertainment system for workers in the working environment. Weekend Battle is a new entertainment system which extends the fun of competition and collection, and which solves the problems which we pointed out in the previous entertainment system. In Weekend Battle, workers rear their avatars at weekdays, and their avatars fight against each other at weekend. The growth at weekdays is related with whether their avatars win or not at weekend, so we expect that they will work harder than without Weekend Battle.We implemented and evaluated Weekend Battle by an experiment for five weeks. The result indicated that Weekend Battle could improve the participants' motivation, and especially the competition could improve their productivity. Moreover, the entertainment system could produce the topic for their informal communication, so it was expected that it make their relationships better.
DISPERSAL AND MATING IN THE FIELD BY MALE PINK BOLLWORM, PECTINOPHORA GOSSYPIELLA, LABELED WITH 32P

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Radioactive phosphorus was fed to laboratory‐reared male pink bollworms, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), for studies of dispersal and mating in the field. Released moths either irradiated with 20 Krad or unirradiated, were found predominantly within a few hundred meters of the release points. Prior to formation of a plant canopy, daytime‐resting places of moths were soil crevices at the bases of the plants. Later, when a protective plant canopy had formed, about half of the moths took resting places in the lower canopy, many in withered blooms. Little mating occurred between released males and native females, probably due to the great preponderance of native males in the test area. The technique of autoradiography of native females to determine mating with released labeled males was simple and effective. Zusammenfassung AUSBREITUNG UND PAARUNG IM FELD BEI MÄNNCHEN DES ROTEN BAUMWOLLKAPSELWURMS , PECTINOPHORA GOSSYPIELLA, NACH MARKIERUNG MIT 32 P Im Labor gezogene Männchen von P. gossypiella wurden mit 32 P gefüttert, um Ausbreitung und Paarung im Baumwollfeld zu studieren. Freigelassene Falter, teils bestrahlt mit 20 Krad, teils unbestrahlt, wurden vorwiegend innerhalb von 100 m von der Freilassungsstelle gefunden. Vor Bildung eines geschlossenen Bestandes waren die Tagesruheplätze der Falter Bodenspalten an der Basis der Pflanzen. Später, wenn ein schützender, dichter Pflanzenbestand gebildet war, hatten die Falter ihre Ruheplätze etwa zur Hälfte in dem unteren Bereich des Pflanzenbestandes, davon viele in verwelkten Blüten. Zwischen freigelassenen Männchen und Freilandweibchen kam es nur zu wenig Paarungen, wahrscheinlich wegen des zahlenmässigen Übergewichts der Freilandmännchen im Gebiet. Die Technik der Autoradiographie von Freilandweibchen zur Erkennung einer Paarung mit freigelassenen, markierten Männchen war einfach und wirkungsvoll.
The Polytechnic Predicament: An Exploratory Study in Tutor Perceptions of Information Literacy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this exploratory case study is to consider from peer tutors’ perspective the relevance of information literacy (IL) in their roles as tutors, students and in their everyday lives. The research used a qualitative methodology, wherein nine participants shared thoughts and reflections in course discussion forums in response to six online modules, each outlining one the the six frames of the ACRL information literacy framework. The data-gathering phase of the study was bookended by focus groups that were also recorded. Analysis of these various discussions reveals that while tutors see the relevance of IL in their everyday lives, their responses in terms of their roles as tutors and students varies depending on the nature of their program. The need to budget research time efficiently in response to a heavy course load prevents some from pursuing information more broadly or deeply than strictly necessary. The paper considers implications of these insights for further inquiry into the library’s role in advancing IL development in a polytechnical environment.
Enhancing Positioning of Photovoltaic Panels Using 3D Geographic Information

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

As the national mapping agency of Great Britain, Ordnance Survey (OS) is looking to launch a new generation of 3D products over the next few years and are keen to test and validate the value of 3D models, in particular with photovoltaic (PV) suitability assessments (Ordnance Survey 2012). Current desktop methods to assess a property for PV suitability are crude, unreliable and mostly two-dimensional. The argument presented in this paper concerns the capacity of 3D geographic information (GI) to enhance the desktop evaluation assessment of property suitability for photovoltaic panels. Qualitative interviews were used to gather data on potential users, forming a specification of their needs which consequently framed the development of a prototype solar panel positioning tool. The resulting tool presented an alternative, robust and 3D method of assessing a property for PV suitability, demonstrating the analytical potential of OS 3D data. This study offers an unconventional approach to PV analysis which could be incorporated into a wider renewable technology suitability assessment toolkit. This paper presents the results from the interviews and the prototype solar panel positioning tool.
Determinants of Consumers' E-Loyalty: A Cross-Channel Perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Web sites are acknowledged as essential to the marketing of brick-and-mortar companies in the maturing e-commerce marketplace. Knowledge of how to position these companies' Websites effectively is thus regarded as essential by scholars and practitioners. By investigating consumer cross-channel behavior, the current study was designed to reveal determinants of consumers' e-loyalty. Two hundred and eighty randomly selected consumers from a top international brick-and-mortar company's customer database participated in an online survey, findings from which indicated that a high level of consumers' brand loyalty in the retail channel not only directly enhances consumers' trust of the same brand's Website, but also directly increases consumers' online brand familiarity and perceived brand reputation, which reinforce consumers' trust in the same brand's Website. Consequently, consumers' e-loyalty toward the same brand's Website is also enhanced. The implications should enable managers to develop Website positioning strategies that leverage their existing brand power in the retail channel.
Quantitative Topographic Electroencephalographic Mapping During Drowsiness and Sleep Onset

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The topographic EEG features of drowsiness and sleep onset are much less well documented than are their temporal aspects. A commercial topographical mapping system was used to assess the main EEG features employing all 19 international 10/20 system electrode sites referenced to linked ears during wakefulness, stages 1A and 1B drowsiness, stage 2 sleep, and sleep onset REM periods in 19 patients. All patients had been referred for a diagnostic EEG or a Multiple Sleep Latency Test and had essentially normal EEGs. Anterior alpha of drowsiness seldom represented frontal spread of the occipital alpha rhythm but usually was a distinct activity of apparent separate origin. Theta activities of drowsiness were maximum at CZ and FZ. Vertex sharp waves and sawtooth waves of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep had similar fields maximum at the midline with a steep decrease laterally. Isolated anterior mainly negative waves were identified. Sleep spindles were usually maximal in fronto central, occasionally centro parietal, or even parietal areas.
Acupuncture for the treatment of pain of osteoarthritic knees

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine whether acupuncture was more effective than sham acupuncture in the reduction of pain in persons with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Methods. Forty subjects (20 men, 20 women) with radiographic evidence of OA of the knee were stratified by gender and randomly assigned to either the experimental (real acupuncture) or control (sham acupuncture) groups. Subjects were treated three times per week for 3 weeks and evaluated at three test sessions. Outcome measures were: 1) the Pain Rating Index of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, 2) the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) Osteoarthritis Index, and 3) pain threshold at four sites at the knee. Results. The analyses of variance showed that both real and sham acupuncture significantly reduced pain, stiffness, and physical disability in the OA knee, but that there were no significant differences between groups. Conclusions. Acupuncture is not more effective than sham acupuncture in the treatment of OA pain.