jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Non-Personalised Tips on the Continued Use of Self-Monitoring mHealth Applications

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Chronic tinnitus, the perception of a phantom sound in the absence of corresponding stimulus, is a condition known to affect patients’ quality of life. Recent advances in mHealth have enabled patients to maintain a ‘disease journal’ of ecologically-valid momentary assessments, improving patients’ own awareness of their disease while also providing clinicians valuable data for research. In this study, we investigate the effect of non-personalised tips on patients’ perception of tinnitus, and on their continued use of the application. The data collected from the study involved three groups of patients that used the app for 16 weeks. Groups A & Y were exposed to feedback from the start of the study, while group B only received tips for the second half of the study. Groups A and Y were run by different supervisors and also differed in the number of hospital visits during the study. Users of Group A and B underwent assessment at baseline, mid-study, post-study and follow-up, while users of group Y were only assessed at baseline and post-study. It is seen that the users in group B use the app for longer, and also more often during the day. The answers of the users to the Ecological Momentary Assessments are seen to form clusters where the degree to which the tinnitus distress depends on tinnitus loudness varies. Additionally, cluster-level models were able to predict new unseen data with better accuracy than a single global model. This strengthens the argument that the discovered clusters really do reflect underlying patterns in disease expression.
Reasons for childrens’ physical activity and the role of sport clubs

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this product oriented thesis was to learn the main factor effecting motivation towards physical activity in children and adolescence. The goal was to create a guidebook to Espoon Kiekkoseura, so that the club would be able to improve their operations. \n \nTheoretical background part focuses on the factors effecting motivations of children towards physical activity. It also examines physical activity and inactivity on a global scale. Since sport clubs are a primary place for organized physical activity in Finland, they are part of this study. \nReasons for physical activity are highly dependent of individuals age, gender and their outlook on life. When the basic need of children are met, interest towards physical activity grows. Learning new skills, having good social experiences and feeling of enjoyment are essential for participation. \nSport clubs are competing for time against computer games and phones. This is a relatively new enviroment, and adjustement needs to happen quickly if traditional sports want to keep their status. Entry into clubs needs to be easy, and the hopes of the children need to be met.
Data from MicroRNA Regulation of Oncolytic Adenovirus 6 for Selective Treatment of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Almost all patients with advanced prostate cancer progress to castration-resistant stage with limited treatment options. Oncolytic adenoviruses have been actively pursued as potential agents for cancer treatment. Virtually all clinical trials on oncolytic adenovirus are based on serotype 5. However, viral replication in hepatocytes induces severe liver toxicity and limits its systemic administration for metastatic disease. Moreover, rapid clearance of viral particles injected intravenously further hinders the anticancer efficacy. Adenovirus 6 (Ad6) was previously reported to exhibit less liver toxicity and escape Kupffer cells absorption after systemic administration. To further improve its safety, we generated a novel oncolytic adenovirus Ad6miR, in which four copies of binding sites of a liver-specific microRNA miR122 were incorporated into E1A gene of Ad6. miR122 regulation significantly decreased Ad6 replication in hepatocytes and consequently hepatotoxicity because of the negative regulation of miR122. Cytotoxicity assay using primary or established prostate cancer cell lines showed robust oncolytic activity of Ad6miR. Systemic treatment of established tumors with Ad6miR showed strong antitumor activity, comparable with that of Ad6 or Ad5. Although Ad6 evaded Kupffer cells, its blood clearance rate was as rapid as Ad5. The vast majority of Ad6 particles intravenously injected localized in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells rather than previously reported Kupffer cells. Elevating Ad6miR injection dose increased circulating Ad6miR concentration and its antitumor efficacy. miR122 regulation of Ad6 significantly improves its safety profile after systemic administration, which allows increasing therapeutic doses leading to improved anticancer efficacy of systemic treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. <i>Mol Cancer Ther; 11(11); 2410–8. ©2012 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Towards endurance in sport

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cardiorespiratory endurance, which is also known as aerobic endurance, is the ability of the whole body to sustain prolonged exercise involving relatively large muscle groups. Muscle endurance is defined as the ability of a muscle group to execute repeated contractions over a period of time that is sufficient to cause muscular fatigue or as the ability to maintain a specific percentage of the maximum voluntary contraction for a prolonged period of time. Each version of muscle endurance plays a unique role in sport activities, and each has a special importance to various athletes. Cardiorespiratory endurance is thought to be the most important component of physical fitness. Low endurance capacity leads to exhaustion, even in sports and activities characterized by low dynamics. The combination of spiroergometric testing (with appropriate testing protocols) and the measurements of lactate thresholds is believed to be the gold standard in the assessment of cardiorespiratory endurance. The generated parameters are then used to define the training objectives, to prepare for a precise training plan and program, and to evaluate the effects of the subsequent training effect evaluation. Muscular endurance is specific for each group of muscle, type, and velocity of contraction. Due to the specificity of muscular endurance, a universal assessment of the muscular endurance of the whole body has not yet been developed. Isokinetic and isoinertial dynamometry and numerous field tests are used to assess muscular endurance. By understanding and monitoring endurance in athletes, the training workload during the preparation period and the pre-competition and competition seasons can be implemented and corrected. The achievement and maintenance of optimal fitness should be regarded as a dynamic concept that requires continual monitoring that is aided by the modern methods of functional diagnoses.
Évolution de la maille capillaire rétinienne à l’OCT-Angiographie suite à une équilibration glycémique brutale chez des patients diabétiques de type 2

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: early worsening of diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains partially unexplained. We analyzed the evolution of the retinal capillary network in patients with type 2 diabetes after brutal glycemic equilibration. Materials and methods: observational, longitudinal study. In patients hospitalized for type 2 diabetes with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) superior to 9%, we realized fundus photography and OCT-Angiography PLEX® Elite to determine central avascular area surface, vascular density (VD) and perfusion index (PI) in superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP). Patients underwent the same exams after 3, 6 and 12 months. Results: 25 eyes from 13 patients were included. Mean HbA1c decreased at 3 months from 11.1% to 7.6%, p = 0.0002, then stabilized at 6 months and 12 months. 4 patients (31 %) presented early worsening of DR during follow-up. At 3 months, we noted an elevation of VD in the SCP of 1.3 mm-1 (p = 0.01). Between 3 and 12 months, there was alossofDVof3.8mm-1 intheSCP(p=0.008)and4.9mm-1 intheDCP(p=0.02),as well as a decrease of PI of 8% in the SCP (p = 0.008) and 7% in the DCP (p = 0.02). Conclusion: brutal glycemic equilibration in patients with type 2 diabetes was associated with a transient improvement then a degradation of retinal perfusion.
Stopped for Repairs: A New Role for Nutrient Sensing Pathways

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

In order to prevent division of damaged chromosomes, cells activate a checkpoint to inhibit mitotic progression in order to repair the damaged DNA. Upon detection of DNA damage two downstream checkpoint kinases, Chk1 and Rad53, are activated by the sensor kinase, Mec1, to block the metaphase to anaphase transition and mitotic exit, respectively. Recent data from studies with budding yeast suggested that the DNA damage checkpoint also enlists the cAMP dependent protein kinase (PKA) pathway, which is an integral part of the nutrient sensing mechanism in budding yeast, to inhibit mitosis in response to DNA damage. Genetic and biochemical evidence suggested that the PKA pathway contributes to the inhibition of mitotic progression by mediating the phosphorylation of the APC specificity factor Cdc20. Phosphorylation of Cdc20 assists the activity of the checkpoint pathways in the inhibition of the degradation of mitotic inhibitors securin, Pds1, and the B type cyclin, Clb2, in order to block anaphase and mitotic exit. Cdc20 was phosphorylated following DNA damage in a PKA and Mec1 dependent manner, suggesting PKA activation is dependent on Mec1. Here we discuss possible mechanisms for how PKA activity could be regulated in response to DNA damage and we will also address the implication of these results in evaluating current cancer treatments.
A SHORT-TERM PILOT STUDY INVESTIGATING THE EFFICACY OF DASH DIET IN REDUCING SYSTOLIC AND/OR DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE IN PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Hypertension, being the commonest cardiovascular disorder, poses major health challenge to the population by causing coronary artery disease, stroke, left ventricular failure etc. Despite development of several therapeutic strategies, it results in millions of death every year. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of dietary intervention in treatment of essential hypertension. Objective: To assess the role of DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) diet on elevated blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. Methods: A short-term, single arm, open-label, experimental, prospective, interventional, non-randomized, non-controlled, before and after comparison pilot study was conducted over 30 participants. Out of 64 hypertensive patients assessed, 19 were excluded and 43 eligible patients were allocated to DASH diet that included restriction of sodium and fat intake, consumption of vegetables and fruits in increased amount, inclusion of fish and low fat milk in the diet. Among 43, a total of 13 were dropouts. After dietary intervention of 2 months, all the data was collected on pre-specified outcome parameters. Results: Analysis of data after 2 months shows statistically significant fall in systolic blood pressure (151.9±12.3 vs. 147.8±14.3; P=0.0000), pulse pressure (58.3±7.5 vs. 55.1±9.3; P=0.0004), and mean pressure (113.0±8.1 vs. 111.0±9.2; P=0.0002). However, no significant change was detected in diastolic blood pressure (i.e. 93.6±6.3 vs. 92.6±7.3; P=0.1204). Conclusion: DASH diet may have beneficial effects in patients of essential hypertension. But it should be confirmed only after a multi-centric randomized controlled trial involving large sample size.
Determining the Applicability of the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) as a Meta-Cognitive Rehabilitation Strategy for Individuals with Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the effects of the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) on successful engagement in desired occupations (goals), health-related quality of life, and caregiver stress for individuals with Parkinson’s Disease (PD)-related cognitive impairment and their caregivers. Methods: A mixed methods single-subject design was used. Quantitative and qualitative data were combined to gain a comprehensive understanding of results. Results: Participants successfully engaged in all three trained goals and both untrained goals, generalized CO-OP strategies to perform trained goals outside of treatment sessions, and transferred CO-OP strategies to perform untrained goals independently. Conclusions: Individuals with PD-related cognitive impairment are capable of successfully engaging in self-selected treatment goals that are trained during CO-OP sessions, generalizing CO-OP strategies they have learned in treatment in order to perform the same goals outside of treatment, and transferring CO-OP strategies in order to perform untrained goals independently.
Utility of EST-SNP Markers for Improving Management and Use of Olive Genetic Resources: A Case Study at the Worldwide Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Olive, the emblematic Mediterranean fruit crop, owns a great varietal diversity, which is maintained in ex situ field collections, such as the World Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba (WOGBC), Spain. Accurate identification of WOGBC, one of the world’s largest collections, is essential for efficient management and use of olive germplasm. The present study is the first report of the use of a core set of 96 EST-SNP markers for the fingerprinting of 1273 accessions from 29 countries, including both field and new acquired accessions. The EST-SNP fingerprinting made possible the accurate identification of 668 different genotypes, including 148 detected among the new acquired accessions. Despite the overall high genetic diversity found at WOGBC, the EST-SNPs also revealed the presence of remarkable redundant germplasm mostly represented by synonymy cases within and between countries. This finding, together with the presence of homonymy cases, may reflect a continuous interchange of olive cultivars, as well as a common and general approach for their naming. The structure analysis revealed a certain geographic clustering of the analysed germplasm. The EST-SNP panel under study provides a powerful and accurate genotyping tool, allowing for the foundation of a common strategy for efficient safeguarding and management of olive genetic resources.
Shape visual servoing of a suspended cable

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This PhD thesis deals with robotic interaction with deformable objects. It presents a robotic control approach for the autonomous manipulation of a deformable cable attached between 2 robots and subjected to gravity. The research work focused on developing a visual servoing approach that uses an RGB-D camera to extract the shape of the cable and the yaw angle of the vertical plane containing it. To design the system control, we proposed to use, as visual features, the coefficients of a parabolic curve representing an approximation of the cable shape and the yaw angle of its plane. The interaction model that relates the variations of these visual features to the velocities of the cable extremities was analytically derived. Experimental results were first obtained with a robotic arm manipulating one end of the cable, demonstrating the effectiveness of this visual servoing approach in deforming the cable to a desired shape configuration. This approach was then adapted to aerial robotic manipulation and experimentally validated on a robotic scenario that involves the grasping and transport of an object by a tether cable manipulated by two quadrotor UAVs with one being equipped with an RGB-D camera and controlled by the proposed visual servoing method.
Dexmedetomidine Decreases Thiopental Dose Requirement and Alters Distribution Pharmacokinetics

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The thiopental dose-sparing effect of dexmedetomidine on the electroencephalogram is not the result of a pharmacodynamic interaction but rather can be explained by a dexmedetomidine-induced decrease in thiopental distribution volume and distribution clearances. Dexmedetomidine reduces thiopental distribution, most probably by decreasing cardiac output and regional blood flow.
Cold dogs: Sperm freezing, artificial insemination & non-invasive monitoring tools to facilitate a hybrid conservation management approach for endangered African wild dogs

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Given the ongoing fragmentation and decline of suitable habitat coupled with recurring disease outbreaks and pack eradications, a major rethink is required to manage the long-term genetic diversity of the endangered African wild dog. Competing financial demands in developing countries mean that conservation strategies need to yield the biggest genetic gains for the smallest economic cost. As such, we propose the development of a hybrid conservation approach to the metapopulation management of African wild dogs, which augments assisted dispersal and natural breeding initiatives with genetic gains afforded by sperm banking and artificial insemination. We discuss how such an approach would address current challenges faced by the species in the context of its unique social biology and how this could integrate with existing conservation management interventions. Moreover, during a period spanning nearly 20 years, we have developed many of the supporting reproductive technologies required to maximise genetic diversity of African wild dogs, in addition to a suite of non-invasive management tools to quantify, monitor and manipulate behaviour, vocalisations, hormones for reproductive function and responses to stressors, as well as immune function to improve the social cohesion, health and reproduction of packs.
Prednisolone Blocks Nuclear Factor Kappa B Transcriptional Activation through the Glucocorticoid Response Element

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Restricted accessAbstractFirst published January 2006Prednisolone Blocks Nuclear Factor Kappa B Transcriptional Activation through the Glucocorticoid Response ElementM.A. Boivin, J. Kennedy, […], D. Ye, and T.Y. Ma+1-1View all authors and affiliationsVolume 54, Issue 1_supplhttps://doi.org/10.1177/108155890605401S151
Does the pattern of bicuspid aortic valve leaflet fusion determine the success of the Ross procedure?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

After Ross procedure, both groups of patients were likely to have a combination of dilation of the aortic root and the tubular portion of the ascending aorta at follow-up. Patients with R/L fusion were more likely to have a prevalence of root dilation, while patients with R/N fusion were more likely to have tubular ascending aorta dilation. The R/L phenotype is associated with a slightly more rapid dilation at follow-up and is more likely to have postoperative autograft insufficiency. This information may serve to guide patient and procedure selection for AVR.
The Representation of the American Dream in John Steinbeck's Grapes of Wrath and John Ford's Film Adaptation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The goal of this paper is to show the similarities and the differences in the portrayal of the American Dream in John Steinbeck’s novel The Grapes of Wrath and John Ford’s film adaptation. The American Dream is the national creed that highlights ideas like freedom, individualism, and equality of opportunity as supreme. James Truslow Adams gives expression to this long-lasting idea that stems from the Puritans and is further influenced by the Founding Fathers, multitudes of entrepreneurs, and momentous events like the Gold Rush. By analysing the two media’s depictions of the American Dream it is shown how their dissimilarities result in two contrasting schools of thought. This paper suggests that the reasons for the migrants’ predicament can be attributed to the Dream’s emphasis on monetary success and private ownership. Furthermore, the family’s otherness shows the discrepancy of the Dream’s ideals and its harsh reality; their otherness stems from their lowly economic status, and it excludes them from the promises of the Dream. Consequently, a link is established between the two media and the Un-American idea of communism to give the deconstruction of the Dream. Finally, the different outcomes of the novel and the adaptation are highlighted, as their endings provide two distinct solutions to the problems indicated: the author necessitates a spiritual change to bring about an outer change, in contrast to the survival and the importance of moving forward as suggested in the adaptation.
GDNF Promotes Growth and Division of Neural Stem Cells Through the Elevated Activity of Telomerase

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is known as an important factor to maintain and accelerate survival, growth, differentiation and mature of most types of neural cells. The kind of trophic effect of GDNF is for the first time found here in the neural stem cells (NSC), which is, however, demonstrated not to be able to influence the differentiation of NSCs. Moreover, the telomerase activity in NSCs has been assayed and the telomerase activity inhibiting experiment has also been conducted. They lead to verify the relationship existing between the elevated activity of telomerase and the growth/division promotion effect of GDNF in NSCs. The results from the above experiments provide further understanding of the signaling pathway and functional realization of GDNF in neural cells.
Hubungan antara Kadar Gamma Glutamil Transferase (GGT) dan Trigliserida pada Obesitas Sentral

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Central obesity is an overweight condition with BMI â‰¥ 25 and abdominal circumference for men â‰¥ 90 cm and women â‰¥ 80 cm. Central obesity has many adverse effects on health and worsens quality of life. Triglycerides as a parameter to measure fat in the body. Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) is an enzyme that plays a role in compensating antioxidant mechanisms against oxidative stress through the extracellular degradation process of glutathione (GSH). This research aims to determine the correlation between GGT and Triglycerides in central obesity. Methods This research is observational, using a cross-sectional approach. The research subjects were 45 medical check-up patients at Prodia Tangerang who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. GGT and Triglyceride examinations were conducted at Roche Cobas C311â€”data analysis using the Spearman Rank correlation test with a statistic program. After researching 45 respondents of MCU patients with central obesity, it was found that the significance value was p-value=0.024, and the Correlation Coefficient was 0.337. The results showed a relationship between levels of GGT and triglycerides in central obesity. In conclusion, there is a relationship between Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) and triglyceride levels in patients with central obesity. It is recommended to carry out a medical check-up to prevent the development of more severe disease in the future, maintain a diet, and carry out physical activity.
[Study on the influence factors of human peripheral blood B lymphocyte transformation by Epstein-Barr virus].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The results suggest the key issue is PBMCs being transformed at a concentration of 2 x 10(6)/ml, rather than using CSA at different concentration and adding time to culture fluid. The PBMCs at concentration of 1 x 10(6)/ml for worker exposed to trichloroethylene were transformed, which may be associated with sensitized status of lymphocytes.