jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Leadership in Social Work: A Case of Caveat Emptor?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Leadership in Social Work: A Case of Caveat Emptor? Get access John Lawler John Lawler John Lawler lectures in public sector management. He is a qualified social worker and worked in a number of posts in local authority social work before moving into academia. His research interests include: management and leadership development in the public sector; organizational change; user involvement with social care and health services; and philosophy and management. Correspondence to Dr John Lawler, Institute for Health Sciences and Public Health Research, University of Leeds, 71–75 Clarendon Road, Leeds LS2 9PL, UK. E-mail: j.a.lawler@leeds.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The British Journal of Social Work, Volume 37, Issue 1, January 2007, Pages 123–141, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bch404 Published: 06 December 2005 Article history Accepted: 01 October 2005 Published: 06 December 2005
Enzootic bovine leukosis–-a slow virus disease

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

In many countries, enzootic bovine leukosis is of minor economic importance compared with diseases such as brucellosis and Rift Valley fever, and this has tended to limit interest in its cause and prevention. In central and eastern Europe, however–-and in certain herds in the USA and Colombia–-the incidence and fatality rate is high enough to cause great concern.
A Study of the Effect of Maleic Anhydride on the Synthesis, Morphology, and Properties of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Plastic

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The results of investigating the synthesis of ABS plastic in the presence of maleic anhydride are set out. It was shown that increase in the modifier content in the range 0.5–1.75 wt% leads to a reduction in the melt flow index and gel-fraction swelling index and to an increase in the glass transition temperature of the polymer.
LHD 10-AD25-Div01 #192916.1 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 10-O Right port camera, where ROI is (898,158) - (1014,420) of the original image of 1920x1080. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.
Escalation Control, Deterrence Diplomacy and America's Role in South Asia's Nuclear Crises

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article assesses the significance of American diplomatic intervention in the de-escalation of two South Asian nuclear crises - the 1999 Kargil conflict and the 2001-2002 military stand-off. The American role in those crises is often referred to as crisis manager or secondary in the context of the region's strategic and crisis stability. A careful analysis of American diplomatic interventions, however, reveals that the role is much greater, conceptualized here as deterrence diplomacy, meaning intense, focused diplomatic activity specifically to forestall crisis escalation and the outbreak of large-scale Indo-Pakistani war. More than is commonly realized, the United States was integral in the crisis strategies of both countries. It played a pivotal role preventing crisis escalation and the outbreak of large-scale conflict between India and Pakistan in both confrontations. And the American role was instrumental in the termination of those confrontations, particularly the Kargil conflict. Without America's effective deterrence diplomacy, any of the past South Asian crises could have escalated to the nuclear level. No global generalization can be made from this analysis because it is mostly South Asia specific. However, it is plausible to argue that the United States, as the key systemic power, will have an important role in future regional deterrence.
Guardians of the Revolution: Iran and the World in the Age of the Ayatollahs

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

For over a quarter century, Iran has been one of America's chief nemeses. Ever since Ayatollah Khomeini overthrew the Shah in 1979, the relationship between the two nations has been antagonistic: revolutionary guards chanting against the Great Satan, Bush fulminating against the Axis of Evil, Iranian support for Hezbollah, and President Ahmadinejad blaming the U.S. for the world's ills. The unending war of words suggests an intractable divide between Iran and the West, one that may very well lead to a shooting war in the near future. But as Ray Takeyh shows in this accessible and authoritative history of Iran's relations with the world since the revolution, behind the famous personalities and extremist slogans is a nation that is far more pragmatic-and complex-than many in the West have been led to believe. Takeyh explodes many of our simplistic myths of Iran as an intransigently Islamist foe of the West. Tracing the course of Iranian policy since the 1979 revolution, Takeyh identifies four distinct periods: the revolutionary era of the 1980s, the tempered gradualism following the death of Khomeini and the end of the Iran-Iraq war in 1989, the reformist period from 1997-2005 under President Khatami, and the shift toward confrontation and radicalism since the election of President Ahmadinejad in 2005. Takeyh shows that three powerful forces-Islamism, pragmatism, and great power pretensions-have competed in each of these periods, and that Iran's often paradoxical policies are in reality a series of compromises between the hardliners and the moderates, often with wild oscillations between pragmatism and ideological dogmatism. The U.S.'s task, Takeyh argues, is to find strategies that address Iran's objectionable behavior without demonizing this key player in an increasingly vital and volatile region. With its clear-sighted grasp of both nuance and historical sweep, Guardians of the Revolution will stand as the standard work on this controversial-and central-actor in world politics for years to come.
Abstract 397: HMOX1 Ameliorates Fatty Liver and Metabolic Syndrome by Reduction of Hepatic Heme and PGC1a

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) occurs in a setting of high fat diets, insulin resistance, obesity and dyslipidemia. Individuals with NAFLD have an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), a major cytoprotective enzyme, attenuates oxidative stress and obesity and increases insulin sensitivity. The antioxidant effect of HMOX1 is due to an increase in ferritin, and bilirubin and a decrease in heme, a pro-oxidant. The aim of this study was to examine the role of increased hepatic HMOX activity in decreasing steatosis, adiposity and vascular dysfunction and to determine the mechanism underlying these metabolic changes in obese mice. Methods: Obese mice were administered cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP) and HMOX activity inhibitor stannous mesoporphyrin (SnMP) for 6 weeks. Blood pressure, body weight and blood glucose levels were measured in all the groups. Glycogen content, hepatic fibrosis, heme levels, fatty acid synthase (FAS) and lipid droplet size in liver were also assessed. Results: CoPP administration increased hepatic HMOX1 protein levels and HMOX activity, decreased blood pressure, body weight, blood glucose levels, hepatic heme content (p<0.05) as compared to obese mice. Our results also showed that HMOX1 induction causes a significant decrease in lipid steatosis ( lipid droplet size and FAS levels; p<0.01) as compared to obese mice. Densitometry analysis showed increased expression of PPARα and Glut 1 along with decreased expression of PGC1α in hepatic tissue. These beneficial effects were reversed by administration of SnMP. Conclusion: This novel study demonstrates the role of hepatic HMOX1 in attenuating the fatty liver and metabolic homeostasis by decreasing PGC1α and heme content and enhancing glycogen levels. Pharmacological agents that increase HMOX1 levels or gene targeting of HMOX1 offer a promising therapeutic target for NAFLD and suggest the existence of a significant link between the heme-HMOX system and the extent and severity of heme-dependent fatty liver.
Preconditioning with ouabain reduces the neurological deficit in rats caused by compression-induced cerebral ischemia

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Ischaemic brain damage is a major neurobiological and medical social problem, making experimental research of the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia and the search for ways to minimize its consequences particularly relevant. The aim of the study was to determine the possibility of reducing the neurological deficit and functional limb asymmetry in laboratory rats through ischaemic tolerance using ouabain, a Na+/K+- ATPase inhibitor. Materials and methods. Cerebral ischemia was modeled using 20-minute focal compression of the left sensorimotor cortex in the rat brain. To induce tolerance, laboratory animals were given a single intravenous injection of 0.7 mg/kg of the Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor ouabain 24 or 72 hours before the ischaemic event. Functional impairment was assessed with tests for neurological deficits in the limbs and a test for forelimb performance in laboratory animals. Results. Preliminary ouabain administration prevented the development of functional impairment due to compression-induced ischemia of the sensorimotor cortex, with a decrease in limb asymmetry and the severity of motor dysfunction. Conclusion. In animals, pharmacological preconditioning with ouabain increases the brain's resistance to subsequent compression-induced ischemia, preventing functional asymmetry and improving both right and left limb function. The obtained data expand the possibilities of using Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitors to treat cerebral ischemia.
Design and development of active learning for large classes

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The design of an active learning program involves two components. Firstly, active learning is defined as “anything that involves students doing things and thinking about the things they are doing” and the lecturer now becomes “less an imparter of knowledge and more a designer and facilitator of learning experiences and opportunities”. Learning may also be enhanced through social interaction. Secondly, the challenges of the large classroom, namely identifying cost-effective ways of providing feedback to students and engaging students in active discussion. Peer Instruction (PI) is used as the learning pedagogy to implement the active learning program. PI involves a short lecture followed by a ConcepTest which delves into the concept taught. This culminated in the construction of an instructional design for two pilot runs as well as a web application which would be used as part of the lessons.
Non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Surgical damage to the inferior laryngeal nerve is one of the most feared complications of thyroid surgery. Prevention of surgical injuries requires systematic, early exposure of the inferior laryngeal nerve. A detailed knowledge of anatomical variations is necessary. Non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve is a rare anomaly on the right side and is exceptional on the left. Whereas the typical course of the inferior laryngeal nerve is due to the embryological development of the aortic arch and supra-aortic vessels, non-recurrence is associated with a vascular anomaly such as a right retro-oesophageal subclavian artery. The nervous anomaly on the left side is possible only with the occurrence of cardiac dextroposition (situs viscerum inversus) and a left retro-oesophageal subclavian artery. The situation is more dangerous when a non-recurrent branch of the inferior laryngeal nerve is associated with a recurrent branch. This anomaly does not appear to be associated with a vascular anomaly in all cases. The authors describe three cases of right non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve observed and one recent case of combined non-recurrent and recurrent nerve, highlighting the anatomical and surgical features of this anomaly.
Protection of Women’s Rights in the Escalating Conflict in Palestine

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is inextricably linked to the issues Palestinian women face. They have been affected psychologically, mentally, and physically. The Palestinian independence movement and Palestinian women's struggle are inextricably linked. The protection of women's rights has grown in importance in light of the protracted conflict in Palestine. Conflict-related tensions and economic pressures are contributing to an increase in domestic violence. In conflict areas, fundamental rights like freedom of speech, travel, and political participation are often ignored or restricted. This study investigates how both governmental and non-governmental entities safeguard women's rights in Palestine. This qualitative case study-based research examines how women's rights were maintained in Palestine as the conflict escalated. This study examines the dynamics of women's rights issues in Palestine and the difficulties in addressing these issues in-depth using secondary data from earlier studies, journal articles, and online articles. The study concludes that a multifaceted approach is necessary to protect women's rights in Palestine, given the Israeli occupation and patriarchal norms. Cooperation is required to defend women's rights and promote a more equitable society in Palestine.
The Interplay of Frames and Operators

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This paper will look at the connection of operators and frames respectively related sequences from different viewpoints. We will give a survey of the classification of frames and similar sequences by the properties of the associated operators. Furthermore an important part will be the investigation of how to find a matrix representation of operators with Bessel sequences, frames and Riesz bases. Apart from that we will extend the well-known fact, that frames are exactly the images of orthonormal bases using surjective bounded operators. We will also shortly investigate which operator keep the properties of these kind of sequences.
Study on Extraction and Activity of Antioxidant of Monascus from Maotai Red Koji

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The isolation of monascus (MWG-106, MWGS-98) from Maotai red koji embarked before and after by Shenzhou-5 manned spacecraft was focused on this paper. To investigate and compare the antioxidant, hydroxyl free radical (·OH) weremeasured by the procedures of phenanthrolene-Fe2+ oxidation and the activity of total lipid antioxidant were determined byspectrophotometric analysis. The results showed that there was significant effects of substances which were extracted from themonascus (p0.01). The antioxidant activity of the monascus embarked by Shenzhou-5 manned spacecraft was better(p0.05) than the monascus which were not embarked. The antioxidant activity of acid component was better(p0.05) thannature component.
Modeling Brittle-to-Ductile Transitions in Rock Masses: Integrating the Geological Strength Index with the Hoek–Brown Criterion

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Many studies focus on brittle–ductile transition stress in intact rocks; however, in real life, we deal with rock mass which contains many discontinuities. To fill this gap, this research focuses on the brittle–ductile transition stress of rock mass by considering the influence of different Geological Strength Index (GSI) values on the brittle–ductile transition stress of rock mass. In other words, the Hoek–Brown failure criteria for rock mass were reformulated mathematically including the ductility parameter (d), which is defined as the ratio of differential stress to minor stress. Then, the results were analyzed and plotted between σ3*σc and GSI, considering different (d) and Hoek–Brown material constant (mi) values. The brittle–ductile transition stress, σ3*, was determined by intersecting the Hoek–Brown failure envelope with Mogi’s line, with ductility parameters d ranging from 3.4 (silicate rocks) to 5.0 (carbonate rocks). Numerical solutions were derived for σ3*σc as a function of GSI using Matlab, and the results were fitted with an exponential model. The analysis revealed an exponential relationship between σ3*σc and GSI for values above 32, with accuracy better than 3%. Increased ductility reduces rock mass strength, with higher d values leading to lower σ3*σc. The diminishing returns in confinement strength at higher GSI values suggest that rock masses with higher GSI can sustain more confinement but with reduced effectiveness as GSI increases. These findings provide a framework for predicting brittle–ductile transitions in rock engineering.
Gender Norms and Relative Working Hours: Why Do Women Suffer More than Men from Working Longer Hours than Their Partners?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Constraints that prevent women from working longer hours are argued to be important drivers of the gender wage gap in the United States. We provide evidence that in couples where the wife's working hours exceed the husband's, the wife reports lower life satisfaction. By contrast, there is no effect on the husband's satisfaction. The results still hold when controlling for relative income. We argue that these patterns are best explained by perceived fairness of the division of household labor, which induces an aversion to a situation where the wife works more at home and on the labor market.
Regularities of technological inheritance in the categories of loading programs

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The paper presents an approach to describing technological inheritance as a pattern of changing loading programs under the influence of the loading history of the metal of the surface layer at the previous stages of processing. The loading program represents the regularity of the accumulation of deformation under conditions of a change in the stress state in the process of deformation and determines the regularities of the accumulation of metal damage during the processing and operation of the product. The proposed approach makes it possible to assess the accumulation of deformation and damage to the metal of the surface layer at all stages of the product life cycle.
Relationship Between Knowledge and Hypertension History with Blood Pressure Control in Elderly

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Hypertension is a main cause of morbidity and mortality in Indonesia, thus the treatment of this disease commonly done in every level of health facilities. Based on Riskesdas 2013 the most diseases toward elderly is Hypertention up to 57.6% followed by arthritis (51.9%) and stroke (46.1%). Based on blood pressure measurement in Posyandu Melati known most of elderly have prehypertension. This research aimed to analyze the relationship between knowledge, hypertention history and blood pressure control of elderly in Posyandu Melati, Ampel sub district, Semampir distric, Surabaya City. This research was an observational research with cross sectional approach. Subjects of the research were drawn from the population using total population with inclusive criteria was elderly that had come to the Posyandu Melati. Number of samples obtained was 50 elderies. Primary data were collected using questionnaires. Analysis data has done using univariate and bivariate analysis. After being analyzed, data processed by chi square statistical test. The result of bivariate analysis was found that variables associated with hypertension history and blood pressure control (p = 0.019). The conclusion which could be drawn were knowledge was unassociated with blood pressure control. Hypertension history has low associated with blood pressure control. There is needs of education or health promotion for elderlies through counseling and medias.Keywords: knowledge, hypertension history, blood pressure control
Biodistribution of a polyethylene glycol-modified superoxide dismutase in mice and its effect on myocardial ischemia treatment in rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

We have performed a comparative study of the biodistribution in mice of native and monomethoxypolyethylene glycol-modified superoxide dismutase isolated from bovine liver after intravenous injection. Polymer modification greatly influenced the biodistribution of enzyme preparation. Monomethoxypolyethylene glycol-modified SOD (mPEG-SOD) exhibited a longer residence time and a considerably longer half-time in the blood, lungs, and heart than the native enzyme. Using a rat model of ischemia, we demonstrated that an intravenous bolus administration of mPEG-SOD reduced the size of the myocardium necrosis zone by 40% compared with a 13% reduction by native enzyme. These results suggest that mPEG-SOD is a promising agent for decreasing reperfusion injury to the cardiovascular system.
Technomad: Global Raving Countercultures

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A cultural history of global electronic dance music countercultures, Technomad explores the pleasurable and activist trajectories of post-rave culture. The book documents an emerging network of techno-tribes, exploring their pleasure principles and cultural politics. Attending to sound system culture, electro-humanitarianism, secret sonic societies, teknivals and other gatherings, intentional parties, revitalisation movements and counter-colonial interventions, Technomad investigates how the dance party has been harnessed for transgressive and progressive ends – for manifold freedoms. Seeking freedom from moral prohibitions and standards, pleasure in rebellion, refuge from sexual and gender prejudice, exile from oppression, rupturing aesthetic boundaries, re-enchanting the world, reclaiming space, fighting for “the right to party,” and responding to a host of critical concerns, electronic dance music cultures are multivalent sites of resistance. Drawing on extensive ethnographic, netographic and documentary research, Technomad details the post-rave trajectory through various local sites and global scenes, with each chapter attending to unique developments in the techno counterculture: e.g. Spiral Tribe, teknivals, psytrance, Burning Man, Reclaim the Streets, Earthdream. The book offers an original, nuanced theory of resistance to assist understanding of these developments. This cultural history of hitherto uncharted territory will be of interest to students of cultural, performance, music, media, and new social movement studies, along with enthusiasts of dance culture and popular politics.
Salmonella Bacteremia and Ovarian Abscess in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Woman

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Salmonella infections are generally self-limited and restricted to the gastrointestinal tract. In contrast, in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, there is a higher incidence of bacteremia caused by non-typhi Salmonella, as well as focal manifestations, although these ones still remain rare. In women with persistent abdominal pain or in those who present with pelvic inflammatory disease and history of Salmonella infection, ovarian abscess should be considered in the differential diagnosis. We present a case of Salmonella bacteremia and tubo-ovarian abscess in an HIV-infected woman. To our knowledge, this is the first case of non-typhi Salmonella ovarian abscesses in HIV-infected women reported in the literature.