jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A multi-epitope vaccine candidate developed from unique immunogenic epitopes against Cryptosporidium hominis by utilizing an immunoinformatics-driven approach

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

An immunoinformatics-based strategy is being investigated to identify prospective multi-subunit vaccine candidates against Cryptosporidium hominis (C. hominis). We used a systematic technique based on protein structure to create a competent multi-subunit vaccine candidate against C. hominis, with the likelihood of antigenicity, allergenicity, and transmembrane helices as the screening criteria. Using the suitable linkers, the best-screened epitopes such as B-cell epitopes (BCL), Helper T-lymphocytes (HTL), and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) were linked together to intensify and develop the presentation and processing of the antigenic molecules. The greatest 3 D model of the component protein was created with the help of modeling software called Raptorax. The validation of the modeled protein was accomplished via the use of PROCHECK. Furthermore, using the ClusPro web server, the projected modeled structure was docked with known receptor TLR-4 to determine their interactions. A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was used to investigate the stability of the multi-subunit vaccine bound with TLR-4 based on the docking score. Aside from that, the codon optimization and in silico expression demonstrate the possibility of high expression and simple purification of the vaccine product resulting from codon optimization. The overall findings indicated that the multi-subunit vaccine might be a viable vaccination candidate against C. hominis.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
TRIBVNVS MILITVM. Kariery senatorskie rzymskich trybunów wojskowych w epoce Sewerów

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Throughout 42 years of the Severan rule (193&ndash;235), approximately 588 tribuni laticlavii and at least five times more tribuni angusticlavii served in Roman military units. Out of these, we currently know 123 people who later became senators and performed various functions in the administration of the Empire. In this monograph, I present their cursus honorum and I determine the impact of holding the military tribunate on their subsequent careers &ndash; to what extent the military tribunate made it possible for them to attain magistracies and offices of praetorian rank and, in the future, the consulship and post-consular offices. Four chapters contain analyses of senatorial careers of tribuni militum (laticlavii and angusticlavii) presented in a problematic way, taking into account the chronology of the cursus honorum. For this purpose, I used my career typology, presented for the first time in 2017 in the second volume of the Album senatorum monograph. In Chapter One, I presented basic information about the tribunes: their number, nomenclature, appointment procedure, period of service and territorial and social origin. In Chapter Two, I discussed a group of individual distinctions (dona militaria, adlectio and commendatio Augusti) and their connection with attaining magistracies. I determined to what extent special distinctions were a result of merits from the period of military service, and to what extent they were due to social origins. I devoted Chapter Three to higher command positions: legatus legionis, praepositus, dux with an indication of the rules that governed their attainment (and exceptions to them). I answered questions about the qualifications of Roman senators to perform these functions and about the existence of the viri militares category. In Chapter Four, I included information on the structure of the governorship of Roman provinces, taking into account the proportions between praetorian and consular provinces, and imperial and senatorial provinces. I paid particular attention to provincial governorships with legions, to which people with military experience were predestined. I showed the order in which provincial governorships and a possible consulship and proconsulships of Asia and Africa appeared in the cursus honorum. In the Conclusion, I presented two career models: tribuni laticlavii and tribuni angusticlavii, highlighting their similarities and differences. In this monograph, I proved that the military tribunate held at a young age had a significant impact on a person&rsquo;s further career.
2-D DOA Estimation of LFM Signal Based on FRFT

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Linear frequency modulation (LFM or chirp) signals are widely used in information systems, how to detect and estimate LFM signals is an important problem. However, using traditional array signal process couldn't commendably estimate DOA of LFM signal, because which is a nonstationary signal. Aim at this problem, the paper combined array signal process and fractional Fourier transform (FRFT), proposed extracting signal from the mixture of sources and noise using time-frequency revolving characteristic of FRFT. Then obtained unambiguous initial frequency and frequency modulation slope estimates from the output of the reference element, while combining music arithmetic to estimate 2-D DOA. This paper puts forward a new technique for LFM signal process, which has practical applied importance.
3P015 Bio-SAXS in the Platform for Drug Discovery, Informatics, and Structural Life Science (PDIS)(01A. Protein: Structure,Poster)

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We designed a 72-residue protein based on a de novo designed three-helix bundle protein, α 3 D, reported previously.In order to evaluate the conformational change from random to three-helix bundle structure only in the presence of metal-ion, three residues in the hydrophobic core of α 3 D were replaced to His, and additional several residues were replaced to Ala.We analyzed the metal-ion dependent helix formation of overexpressed and purified α 3 D-His using circular dichroism spectrometry.We further analyzed the Laue diffraction spots from gold nanocrystal attached to the introduced Met of α 3 D-His in the presence or absence of metal-ion using the single-molecule detection system called diffracted X-ray tracking.The dynamic property of α 3 D-His was evaluated.
Performance problem prediction in transaction-based e-business systems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Key areas in managing e-commerce systems are problem prediction, root cause analysis, and automated problem remediation. Anticipating SLO violations by proactive problem determination (PD) is particularly important since it can significantly lower the business impact of application performance problems. The main contribution of this paper is to investigate proactive PD based on two important concepts: dependency graphs and dynamic runtime performance characteristics of resources that comprise an I/T environment. The authors show how one can calculate and use the contribution of all supporting resources for a transaction to the end-to-end SLO for that transaction. Higher order moments of these components' contributions are further tracked for proactive alerting. An important aspect of this process is the classification of user transactions based on the profile of their resource usage, enabling one to set appropriate thresholds for the different classes only. Combined with the complete or semi-complete dependency information, our approach confines the scope of potential root causes to a small set of components, thus enabling efficient performance problem anticipation and quick remediation.
Interactions Between Rivals: The Christian Mission and Buddhist Sects in Japan (c.1549-c.1647)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This volume presents comprehensive research on how southern European Catholics and the Japanese confronted each other, interacted and mutually experienced religious otherness in early modern times. In their highly variable and asymmetric relations, during which the politi¬cal-military elites of Japan at times not only favoured, but also opposed and strictly controlled the European presence, missionaries – particularly the Jesuits – tried to negotiate this power balance with their interlocutors. This collection of essays analyses religious and cultural interactions between the Christian missions and the Buddhist sects through processes of coopera¬tion, acceptance, confrontation and rejection, dialogue and imposition, which led to the creation of new relational spaces and identities.
Inverse wear contact problem of the friction unit

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this study, theoretical analysis for defining the function of displacements of a hub’s external contour points and microgeometry of the friction unit providing the absence of initial wear that holds to the end of running-in period, was carried out based on a rough friction surface model. A closed system of algebraic equations admitting to obtain the solution of the problem of optimal design of a friction unit depending on the geometrical and mechanical characteristics of a hub and plunger was constructed. The found function of displacements of the hub’s external contour points and microgeometry of friction surface provide wear resistance increase of friction pair. Calculations for friction units applied to the borehole sucker–rod oil pumps were considered as an example.
Study of the biological efficacy of aqueous extract of Teucrium Polium on some histological parameters in male laboratory white rabbits of Oryctolagus cuniculus

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The current study aims to know the protective effects of the aqueous extract of Teucrium Polium to reduce the harmful effects on liver tissue caused by the preservative sodium benzoate in Oryctolagus cuniculus male rabbits by studying some histological parameters, where the results of the current study showed that animal dosing with sodium benzoate at a concentration of (250) mg/kg of body weight for a period of 30 days caused tissue damage to the liver represented by congestion and expansion of the central vein and Necrosis of hepatocytes with irregular arrangement of hepatic cords in addition to the presence of congestion and expansion of the sinusoids with congestion of the central vein and infiltration of inflammatory cells around it, while treatment with aqueous extract of Teucrium Polium caused three concentrations (250-200-150) mg/kg body weight to reduce or suppress the toxic effects of benzoates, it was observed that the central vein was decongested with little expansion of the sinusoids, with the return of most of the hepatic cords to regularity, with the presence of degeneration in some hepatocytes in the treatment group, the first focus, while in the second and third focus group, the central vein congestion disappeared and decreased.
Identification of differential expression lncRNAs in gastric cancer using transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analyses

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The current study aimed to identify novel long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with gastric cancer (GC). Transcriptome sequencing of the lncRNAs and mRNAs from GC tissues and normal adjacent tissues was performed. The data were analyzed using bioinformatics analysis, specifically analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNA, target gene prediction and functional enrichment analysis. A total of 1,181 differentially expressed mRNA and 390 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified. The targets of upregulated lncRNAs were significantly enriched in functions associated with collagen fibril organization, whereas the downregulated lncRNA were significantly associated with ion transmembrane transport and regulation of membrane potential. A total of 7 lncRNAs were verified by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). Following RT‑qPCR validation, AC016735.2, AP001626.1, RP11‑400N13.3 and RP11‑243M5.2 were considered to be consistent with the prediction of the bioinformatics analysis. Transcriptome sequencing and RT‑qPCR experiments identified 4 lncRNAs, including AC016735.2, AP001626.1, RP11‑400N13.3 and RP11‑243M5.2 to have an important role in the carcinogenesis of GC.
A molecular dynamics study of the dielectric properties of aqueous solutions of alanine and alanine dipeptide

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Molecular dynamics simulations were used to compute the frequency-dependent dielectric susceptibility of aqueous solutions of alanine and alanine dipeptide. We studied four alanine solutions, ranging in concentration from 0.13–0.55 mol/liter, and two solutions of alanine dipeptide (0.13 and 0.27 mol/liter). In accord with experiment we find a strong dielectric increment for both solutes, whose molecular origin is shown to be the zwitterionic nature of the solutes. The dynamic properties were analyzed based on a dielectric component analysis into solute, a first hydration shell, and all remaining (bulk) waters. The results of this three component decomposition were interpreted directly, as well as by uniting the solute and hydration shell component to a “suprasolute” component. In both approaches three contributions to the frequency-dependent dielectric properties can be discerned. The quantitatively largest and fastest component arises from bulk water [i.e., water not influenced by the solute(s)]. The interaction between waters surrounding the solute(s) (the hydration shell) and bulk water molecules leads to a relaxation process occurring on an intermediate time scale. The slowest relaxation process originates from the solute(s) and the interaction of the solute(s) with the first hydration shell and bulk water. The primary importance of the hydration shell is the exchange of shell and bulk waters; the self-contribution from bound water molecules is comparatively small. While in the alanine solutions the solute–water cross-terms are more important than the solute self-term, the solute contribution is larger in the dipeptide solutions. In the latter systems a much clearer separation of time scales between water and alanine dipeptide related properties is observed. The similarities and differences of the dielectric properties of the amino acid/peptide solutions studied in this work and of solutions of mono- and disaccharides and of the protein ubiquitin are discussed.
The effect of water activity and pH on the production of mycotoxins by fungi growing on a bread analogue

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article The effect of water activity and pH on the production of mycotoxins by fungi growing on a bread analogue Get access MARGARET PATTERSON, MARGARET PATTERSON Department of Agricultural and Food Bacteriology, Queen's University of Belfast and AgriculturalFood Bacteriology Research Division, Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland, Newforge Lane, Belfast BT9 5PX, Northern Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. P. DAMOGLOU A. P. DAMOGLOU Department of Agricultural and Food Bacteriology, Queen's University of Belfast and AgriculturalFood Bacteriology Research Division, Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland, Newforge Lane, Belfast BT9 5PX, Northern Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Letters in Applied Microbiology, Volume 3, Issue 6, 1 June 1986, Pages 123–125, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.1986.tb01564.x Published: 01 June 1986 Article history Published: 01 June 1986 Received: 11 July 1986 Accepted: 17 September 1986
Economic nationalism amid ethnic disharmony in postcolonial Zimbabwe (1980-2013): A case of Matabeleland Provinces

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The colonial legacy of uneven economic development in Zimbabwe and the use of such constructs as ‘Mashonaland’, ‘Matabeleland’ and ‘Manicaland’ have remained substantially unaltered under the post-colonial government. Those regions and peoples with privileged access to national economic resources after independence have implemented policies to ensure that this advantage has continued. The unintended resultant effect is the stimulation of ethnic consciousness on the part of those social groups that believe that they are economically marginalized because of their ethnicity. This article focuses on the distributive concerns that have arisen since independence in Zimbabwe in terms of which the lack of economic development parity in the colonially conceived provinces of Zimbabwe has given rise to ethnically motivated political contestation and national economic stagnation. It argues that the economic disparity and the concomitant ‘diaspora’ phenomenon in Zimbabwe can be dealt with if policies based on ethnic considerations and favouritism give way to merit-oriented ones. This article argues that distributive concerns are situated at the heart of Zimbabwe’s economic and political challenges which inevitably feed into each other to concoct an economic dispensation that rewards the dominant ethnic group in the echelons of power. This is based on an observational or ethnographic qualitative research methodology that was used to collect data through in-depth interviews. Document analysis of the diverse works on Matabeleland complemented the interview data. The research found that uneven economic development and patron-client ties contributed to the politicization of ethnicity, thus relegating groups that are not represented in the higher echelons of power to the fringes of the national economy. It concludes by suggesting that the reconciliation process must be ongoing and genuinely supported by transparent mechanisms to get rid of the “victims” mentality amongst the people of Matabeleland for lasting peace and unity to prevail.
Removing EU milk quotas, soft landing versus hard landing

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper analyses EU dairy policy reforms and mainly focus on EU milk quota removal scenarios. The model used to evaluate the scenario is a spatial equilibrium model of the dairy sector. It integrates the main competitor of the EU on world markets, Oceania, as well as the main importing regions in the rest of the world. The paper first assesses the impact of the Luxembourg scenario in the prospect of a new WTO agreement in the future. It then provide a quantitative assessment of the impact of the abolition of EU milk quotas on the EU dairy sector either through a gradual phasing out or through an abrupt abolition of milk quotas. Compared to a status-quo policy, the Luxembourg policy leads to a 7.6 percent milk price decrease and a 1.9 percent milk production increase. A gradual increase of milk quotas as recently proposed by the European Commission (+ 7% over 6 years) generate a 9% drop in the EU milk price (compared to the Luxembourg scenario) and an increase in production by 3.5%. A complete elimination of quotas leads to an additional 1% increase in production and an additional 3% drop in the EU milk price. As compared to the baseline scenario, in the Luxembourg scenario in 2014- 15, producers gain 1.3 billion €, whereas in the same year they lose 2.6 billion € in the soft landing scenario. As such the direct payments are more than sufficient to compensate producers for the loss of producer surplus in the Luxembourg scenario, but fall short to achieve full compensation in the soft landing scenario.
Effect of Leadership Styles on School Administration (A Case Study of Five Selected Secondary Scools in Bo City)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The study was carried out in Bo City, Southern Province -Republic of Sierra Leone.Bo city is the third largest city in Sierra Leone by population (after Freetown and Kenema) and the largest city in the Southern Province.Bo is the capital and administrative centre of the District.Bo is an urban centre and lies approximately 160 miles (250 km) east south-east of Freetown and about 44 miles to Kenema.Bo is the leading financial, educational and economic centre of Southern Sierra Leone.Bo was previously the second largest city in Sierra Leone by population, the city is the primary home of Njala University, the second largest university in Sierra Leone, after the Fourah Bay College.Bo is also home to the Bo Government Secondary School, commonly known as Bo School, which is one of the biggest and most prominent secondary schools in West Africa.The school has a history of producing some of Sierra Leone's most gifted and outstanding students.The study was initiated to investigate the Effect of Leadership Styles on School Administration in Selected Secondary Schools in Bo City.The study hypothesised that there is a relationship between administrators' leadership styles and school effectiveness for the smooth running of the school which enhances commitment of teachers towards quality education.Most important of what the study revealed was that, many teachers have been elevated to leadership positions (administrators) without much formal administrative training leading to ineffectiveness and mismanagement of schools, hence poor students' performance and disappointing results.It was also revealed that many schools that were once effective in academic performance have lowered their standards due to poor leadership while some have greatly improved through effective leadership.The effectiveness of schools has continued to dwindle despite the fact that the schools in the country are assumed to have adequate and well trained teachers, fairly good pupils from primary schools and some trained and qualified administrators.Notwithstanding, the reason for the ineffectiveness of schools cannot be easily discerned without focused investigation.The question is: could the poor performance of Junior Secondary schools be attributed to principals' leadership styles?Against this backdrop, the study is tailored to investigate ''The Effect of Leadership Styles on Administration'' as a case study.
George Washington’s Recurrent Health Problems and Fatal Infection Re-examined

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract George Washington’s medical history has been recounted so many times and with such consistency that it seems that nothing new remains to be said about the panoply of disorders that plagued him during his life. The same can be said for the particular one that carried him off at age 67. We know that he had small pox, dysentery, recurrent attacks of malaria, and a host of other infections during his long and spectacularly productive career. His teeth were a source of unrelenting distress despite his assiduous attention to dental hygiene; and terminally, he developed a rapidly progressive upper respiratory infection, which killed him in little more than a day and a half despite the best medical care available.
Lévy modeled GMWB: Pricing with wavelets

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we propose the study of the problem of the guaranteed minimum withdraw benefit (or GMWB for short) rider pricing by the means of American option pricing in the Lévy setting with a new method. Using wavelet discretization we reduce the problem to a matrix linear complementary problem giving the value function in the log price domain. Our approach with wavelets seems to be helpful in allowing practitioners to decide in advance how accurate a result they want and decide on the way whether to refine the mesh or stop the iteration procedure.