jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Social DTN routing

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Delay-tolerant network architectures exploit mobile devices carried by users to enable new networked applications. Efficiently routing information through these DTNs faces new challenges such as mobility and the dynamic nature of the network. Previous work has looked at using encountered nodes to build a social network for routing. In this work we construct routing tables from users' self-reported social networks. Initial experiments indicate that this significantly reduces the delivery cost of transmitting messages through a DTN.
0013-7227/05/$15.00/0 Endocrinology 146(9):3959–3966 Printed in U.S.A. Copyright © 2005 by The Endocrine Society doi: 10.1210/en.2005-0345 Short-Term Stimulation of Lipogenesis by 3,5-L-Diiodothyronine in Cultured Rat Hepatocytes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Short-term effects of 3,5-L-diiodothyronine (T 2) on lipid biosynthesis were studied in cultured hepatocytes from hypothyroid rats. A comparison with the effects of T 3 was routinely carried out. After T 2 addition to cell cultures, a distinct stimulation of fatty acid and cholesterol syntheses, measured as incorporation of [1- 14 C]acetate into these lipid fractions, was observed. The T 2 dose-dependent effect on both metabolic pathways, already detectable at 10 �8-10 �9 M, reached a 2-fold stimulation at 10 �5 M T 2. At this concentration, the stimulatory effect was evident within1hofT 2 addition to the hepatocytes and increased with time up to the length of the experimental period of 4 h. T 2 stimulation of lipogenesis was also confirmed by incubating hepatocytes with [ 3 H]H 2O, used as an independent index of lipogenic activity. The effects of T 2 are rather specific as 3,3�,5,5�-tetraiodo-D-thyronine and 3,5-diiodo-L-tyrosine
The Doppler Aerosol Wind (DAWN) Airborne, Wind-Profiling Coherent-Detection Lidar System: Overview and Preliminary Flight Results

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The first airborne wind measurements of a pulsed, 2-μm solid-state, high-energy, wind-profiling lidar system for airborne measurements are presented. The laser pulse energy is the highest to date in an eye-safe airborne wind lidar system. This energy, the 10-Hz laser pulse rate, the 15-cm receiver diameter, and dual-balanced coherent detection together have the potential to provide much-improved lidar sensitivity to low aerosol backscatter levels compared to earlier airborne-pulsed coherent lidar wind systems. Problems with a laser-burned telescope secondary mirror prevented a full demonstration of the lidar’s capability, but the hardware, algorithms, and software were nevertheless all validated. A lidar description, relevant theory, and preliminary results of flight measurements are presented.
Bias sputtering of granular $\text{L1}_0$-FePt films with hexagonal boron nitride grain boundaries

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we present an experimental study of $\text{L1}_0$-FePt granular films with crystalline/amorphous boron nitride (BN) grain boundary materials for heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR). It is found that an adequate RF substrate bias yields the formation of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets in grain boundaries, facilitating the columnar growth of FePt grains during sputtering at high temperatures. The h-BN monolayers conform to the side surfaces of columnar FePt grains, completely encircling individual FePt grains. The resulting core-shell FePt/h-BN nanostructures appear to be highly promising for HAMR application. The high thermal stability of h-BN grain boundaries allows the deposition temperature to be as high as 800oC such that high order parameters of FePt $\text{L1}_0$ phase have been obtained. For the fabricated FePt/h-BN thin film, excellent granular microstructure with FePt grains of 6.5nm in diameter and 11.5nm in height has been achieved along with good magnetic hysteresis properties.
The Effects of Low-Cost Wheelchair Cushions and Body Type on Dynamic Sitting Pressure in Nursing Home Residents

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A high incidence of pressure sores in the non-ambulatory geriatric patient population indicates the need for research on pressure distribution of wheelchair cushions. This pilot study was implemented to determine if four low-cost (under $200) wheelchair cushions had different effects on dynamic sitting pressure, and if the dynamic pressure-distributing qualities of each wheelchair cushion varied among participants with different body types. Results indicated no significant difference between a participant'S four average peak pressure readings (mm Hg) for each of the four wheelchair cushions; however, a qualitative analysis revealed trends that may be significant for future research.
Supplementary Table 5 from <i>HOXB13</i> G84E Mutation in Finland: Population-Based Analysis of Prostate, Breast, and Colorectal Cancer Risk

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>PDF file - 43K, Table shows 30 amino acids having the lowest relative solvent accessibilities. The first column indicates the predicted class for the amino acid denoted by the letters B (buried) and E (exposed). Second Column shows the amino acid while in third column the amino acid position is indicated. Fourth column shows the predicted value of relative solvent accessibility (RSA). Fifth column shows the z-fit score of for the RSA prediction which represents the reliability of the RSA prediction. G84 and its proximate amino acids residues are highlighted in red.</p>
Taking Business (Librarianship) Public

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT The author provides an insider's perspective on business librarianship in a public library setting. This article serves as an introduction to this often-overlooked career path for students enrolled in graduate programs in library and information science, recent graduates of these programs, and experienced librarians (especially those with an aptitude for business librarianship) interested in transitioning to public librarianship.
Passive transdermal drug delivery systems: Recent considerations and advances

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The skin has evolved as a formidable barrier against invasion by external microorganisms and against the prevention of water loss. Notwithstanding this, transdermal drug delivery systems have been designed with the aim of providing continuous controlled delivery of drugs via this barrier to the systemic circulation. There are numerous systems now available that effectively deliver drugs across the skin. These include reservoir devices, matrix diffusion-controlled devices, multiple polymer devices, and multilayer matrix systems. This review article focuses on the design characteristics and composition of the main categories of passive transdermal delivery device available. Mechanisms controlling release of the active drug from these systems as well as patch size and irritation problems will be considered. Recent developments in the field are highlighted including advances in patch design as well as the increasing number of drug molecules now amenable to delivery via this route. From the early complex patch designs, devices have now evolved towards simpler, matrix formulations. One of the newer technologies to emerge is the delivery-optimized thermodynamic (DOT) patch system, which allows greater drug loading to be achieved in a much smaller patch size. With the DOT technology, drug is loaded in an acrylic-based adhesive. The drug/acrylic blend is dispersed through silicone adhesive, creating a semi-solid suspension. This overcomes the problem with conventional drug-in-adhesive matrix patches, in which a large drug load in the adhesive reservoir can compromise the adhesive properties or necessitate a large patch size. Transdermal drug delivery remains an attractive and evolving field offering many benefits over alternative routes of drug delivery. Future developments in the field should address problems relating to irritancy and sensitization, which currently exclude a number of therapeutic entities from delivery via this route. It is likely that further innovations in matrix composition and formulation will further expand the number of candidate drugs available for transdermal delivery. © 2006 Adis Data Information BV. All rights reserved.
Minimally-Invasive Plate or Intramedullar Nail in the Management of Distal Extra-Articular Tibial Fracture, What Is Better?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and functional outcomes of patients with distal tibia extraarticular fractures treated with Intramedullary nailing (IMN) or Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 47 patients treated with IMN and 41 patients with MIPO. Clinical and radiographic results were evaluated at last follow-up. Anterior knee pain, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Scale score and Lysholm knee scoring scale were used as clinical measurement. Results: Although the union time and operation time were significantly higher in the IMN group compared to the MIPO group (p&lt;0.001), the full weight bearing time and the hospital time were higher in the MIPO group (p&lt;0.001). There were no statistical differences between wound problem, malposition, infection and grafting rates in both groups (p&gt;0.05). Although the AOFAS score was statistically higher in the IMN group (p=0.031), the Lysholm knee score was higher in the MIPO group (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: While MIPO is advantageous with low union time, low operating time and no damage to the knee joint, IMN allows earlier full weight bearing, lower hospitalization and has better ankle functional results. Keywords:
STATUS OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AND COMMUNITY-BASED TOTAL SANITATION (STBM) ON STUNTING EVENTS IN PEAT AND THE KAPUAS RIVER

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: Stunting occurs due to a lack of micro and macro nutrients which are not sufficient both in quality and quantity, and also due to the presence of chronic diseases, especially when still in the womb until the age of 2 years. The prevalence of stunting can also be caused by exclusive breastfeeding status. Giving breast milk for less than 4 months has a risk of 7.325 times greater for disrupting its development compared to toddlers more than 4 months getting breast milk. The study aimed to determine the status of exclusive breastfeeding and Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM) with the incidence of stunting in peat soils and the banks of the Kapuas River. This type of research is an analytical design that uses a case-control design to compare the peat area with the Kapuas watershed in terms of stunting related to the risk of stunting factors. This study used a retrospective approach with a total sample of 50 case groups and 50 control groups. The data obtained will be analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods using Logistic Regression. The results showed that there was a significant relationship (p='<0.05) between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting in peat soils and riverbanks. Toddlers who are not exclusively breastfed for 6 months on peat soils and riverbanks have 7.5 times and 3.3 times chance that stunting will occur. There is no significant relationship between Community-Based Total Sanitation and the incidence of stunting on peat soils and riverbanks (p='>0.05). However, toddlers who do not do STBM have the opportunity to experience stunting. Conclusion. There is a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding status and the incidence of stunting. There is no significant relationship between STBM status and the incidence of stunting.
Transforming acoustic sensing with high refractive index metamaterials

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Acoustic sensors play an important role in many areas, such as safety (e.g., sonar arrays), public health (e.g., ultrasonic imaging), surveillance (e.g., underwater communication and navigation), and industry (e.g., non-destructive damage detection). However, conventional acoustic sensors inevitably suffer from the fundamental pressure detection limit, which hinders the performance of current acoustic sensing technologies. Here, we design high refractive index acoustic metamaterials that have strong wave compression effect to obtain direct amplification of pressure fields in metamaterials. This enables a novel metamaterial enhanced acoustic sensing system that can help overcome the detection limit of conventional systems. Through analytical, numerical, and experimental studies, we demonstrate that this novel acoustic sensing system can help achieve over an order of magnitude enhancement in acoustic pressure detection limit. This will allow the detection of weak acoustic signals below the noise floor of the conventional acoustic sensing systems. This work is expected to impact many fronts that require high performance acoustic sensing.
10Th European Meeting on Glial Cells In Health and Disease

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Glial cells are the most abundant cells in the nervous system and have the overall function of ensuring the integrity of neurons and neuronal signaling. There are many different types of glial cells and they are involved in all pathologies of the nervous system. As such, glia are important targets in novel therapeutic strategies.The 10th European Meeting on Glial Cells in Health and Disease is the largest conference of its kind in the world, specialising in the most recent advances in glial cell biology. This meeting brought together the leading international scientists studying the physiology and pathology of glial cells in a 5-day conference, with eight plenary lectures, 32 symposia with 128 lectures from world-renowned experts, poster sessions with over 480 posters summarizing new experimental data, plus workshops and special lectures on state-of-the-art techniques.
A Concise Route for the Synthesis of Tetracyclic Meroterpenoids: (±)-Aureol Preparation and Mechanistic Interpretation

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new concise general methodology for the synthesis of different tetracyclic meroterpenoids is reported: (±)-aureol (1), the key intermediate of this general route. The synthesis of (±)-aureol (1) was achieved in seven steps (28% overall yield) from (±)-albicanol. The key steps of this route include a C–C bond-forming reaction between (±)-albicanal and a lithiated arene unit and a rearrangement involving 1,2-hydride and 1,2-methyl shifts promoted by BF3•Et2O as activator and water as initiator.
The Influence of Online Atmosphere on Perceived Quality, Satisfaction and Purchase Intention

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of online store atmosphere elements on consumer responses in terms of perceived product quality, information quality and satisfaction. More specific, an experimental design of online shopping website was established. The experiment was a 3 (website design: text/text plus product picture /text plus human picture) x 2 (website appeal: product describe/storytelling) between-subjects factorial design. The results indicated that (1) participants exposed to different website designs revealed significant different responses on perceived information quality, product and satisfaction. Among three conditions, text plus product picture resulted in more favorable responses than text only design, (2) website appeal did not result in significant responses, (3) text plus product picture with storytelling appeal resulted in the highest level of responses, followed by text plus human picture with storytelling appeal. Results from current study could offer possible direction for the website designer to build an ideal online shopping website with appropriate atmosphere factor.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oils of Satureja thymbra Growing Wild in Libya

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The composition of essential oil isolated from Satureja thymbra, growing wild in Libya, was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The essential oil was characterized by γ-terpinene (39.23%), thymol (25.16%), p-cymene (7.17%) and carvacrol (4.18%) as the major constituents. Antioxidant activity was analyzed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. It possessed strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.0967 mg/mL). The essential oil was also screened for its antimicrobial activity against eight bacterial and eight fungal species, showing excellent antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms used, in particular against the fungi. The oil of S. thymbra showed bacteriostatic activity at 0.001–0.1 mg/mL and was bactericidal at 0.002–0.2 mg/mL; fungistatic effects at 0.001–0.025 mg/mL and fungicidal effects at 0.001–0.1 mg/mL. The main constituents thymol, carvacrol and γ-terpinene also showed strong antimicrobial activity. The commercial fungicide bifonazole showed much lower antifungal activity than the tested oil.
Safety and efficacy of the Essential Pro paclitaxel drug-eluting balloon for the treatment of coronary in-stent restenosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Introduction and objectives: Drug-eluting balloons (DEB) are an established treatment option for in-stent restenosis (ISR). This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of a novel DEB in patients with ISR. Methods: This prospective, single-center study enrolled a consecutive cohort of patients diagnosed with ISR who underwent coronary angioplasty with a new second-generation paclitaxel-eluting balloon. The 3 main endpoints were myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization, and target vessel revascularization. Baseline variables were collected, including patient and procedure characteristics. Follow-up data were collected through medical records or telephone contact. Results: The study included 160 consecutive patients with 206 treated lesions (mean age, 71.4 ± 14.9 years, 15.5% women) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with DEB for ISR. A total of 53.3% of patients had acute coronary syndrome. The average diameter of the treated vessel was 3.10 ± 0.7 mm. The DEB used had a mean diameter of 3.1 ± 0.6 mm and a mean length of 23.1 ± 6.8 mm. Predilatation was performed in 98% of the lesions, and a noncompliant balloon was used in 80%. Intracoronary imaging was used in 24% of cases. At the end of the procedure, 98.5% of patients had Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction flow grade 3, residual stenosis was > 30% in 3.4%, and dissection occurred in 1.4%. Bail-out stenting was required in 4.8% of patients. Mortality was nil during follow-up (maximum 768 days). The incidence of myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization, and target vessel revascularization were 5.4% (95%CI, 0.69-10.1), 8.4% (95%CI, 0-17.8), and 14.2% (95%CI, 3.61-24.78), respectively. Conclusions: In this cohort of patients with ISR treated with DEB, we observed a low rate of adverse events in both the short- and mid-term. These results support the safety and efficacy of this new generation of DEB for treating ISR.
Experimental Study on Proton Irradiation Effect of Gallium Nitride High Electron Mobility Transistor

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

As a third-generation semiconductor material, gallium nitride (GaN) has the advantages of high breakdown electric field, high electron saturation speed, high operating temperature and strong radiation resistance, and has broad application prospects in the aerospace field. As an important member of GaN-based electronic devices, GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) is widely considered to be used in the power supply and other important systems of spacecraft. Therefore, GaN HEMT is of great significance for spacecraft to complete relevant setting tasks. However, GaN HEMT will inevitably be affected by space radiation environment when spacecraft perform related missions. Previous researches have shown that protons are the majority of high-energy particles in space environment. Therefore, relevant studies should focus on the effect of proton irradiation on the performance of GaN HEMT. Using 100 MeV high-current proton cyclotron, we investigated the proton irradiation effect of GaN HEMT, and proved the effect of proton energy on static electrical parameters of GaN. The research work in this paper lays a foundation for the future application of GaN HEMT in space missions.
Cultural, Literary and Artistic World of Indo-Central Asia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

India's relation with the West and Central Asia known as Iran-wa-Turan or Mawarannahr/Mawaraun-nahar had been multilateral. The vast area enjoyed integrated political and economic systems in the field of politics, diplomacy, trade and commerce. It was more significant for a commonly shared cultural world, which transcended political realities. The people of this enormous region shared dominant Perso-Islamic culture which had developed through a vast and complex network of contacts. The continuous movement of poets, litterateurs, artists, musicians, historians, architects and diplomats to the liberal Mughal court, is amply documented in the tazkira literature and conventional historical works. Surely, it was not a brain drain but brain gain, a process which continuously enriched the cultural land and scape of Mughal India. The Mughal emperors had an emotional attachment with their ancestral land and its people. However, there are more concrete evidences of flourishing mystical tradition.
Parameterized Exact and Approximation Algorithms for Maximum $k$-Set Cover and Related Satisfiability Problems

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Given a family of subsets $\mathcal S$ over a set of elements~$X$ and two integers~$p$ and~$k$, Max k-Set Cover consists of finding a subfamily~$\mathcal T \subseteq \mathcal S$ of cardinality at most~$k$, covering at least~$p$ elements of~$X$. This problem is W[2]-hard when parameterized by~$k$, and FPT when parameterized by $p$. We investigate the parameterized approximability of the problem with respect to parameters~$k$ and~$p$. Then, we show that Max Sat-k, a satisfiability problem generalizing Max k-Set Cover, is also FPT with respect to parameter~$p$.
SH0954707.09FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.