jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A quantitative histomorphologic analysis of lymph node granulomas in sarcoidosis in relation to radiological stage I and II

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract In a detailed study of granulomas in lymph nodes of 19 patients with Sarcoidosis we assessed and correlated a number of features, with size, development and radiographic staging of the disease. Except with the epithelioid cells the number of constituent cells (lymphocytes, giant cells and polymorphs), size, confluency and degree of necrosis of the granulomas were found to be very variable within a single gland. This indicates that the granulomas are in different stages of activity at a given time. All the features studied showed little or no correlation with the radiographic staging, which suggests that the latter is not a good index of the extent of the disease.
Review Article A REVIEW OF CURCUMIN IN REFERENCE TO ITS USE IN ORAL DISEASES

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Turmeric has been in use for thousands of years as a dye, flavouring and a medicinal herb. Ancient Indian medicine has touted turmeric as an herb with the ability to provide glow and lustre to the skin as well as vigour and vitality to the entire body. Since turmeric has antimicrobial, antioxidant, astringents and other useful properties, it is quite useful in dentistry also. Curcumin, the most active polyphenolic constituent, is the active ingredient in the traditional herbal remedy and dietary spice turmeric and is obtained from the rhizome Curcuma longa with a range of beneficial properties, including antiinflammatory, antioxidant, chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity. The pleiotropic activities of curcumin derive from its complex chemistry as well as its ability to influence multiple signalling pathways. The objective of this article is to highlight various uses of turmeric in the dental field.
Report: Cytotoxic activity of phytochemicals from the stem bark of Calophyllum castaneum.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Phytochemical investigation on the dichloromethane stem bark extract of Calophyllum castaneum resulted in the isolation of five compounds, namely isoblancoic acid (1), blancoic acid (2), euxanthone (3), friedelin (4) and friedelinol (5). All these compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant. Their chemical structures were elucidated based on the spectroscopic analyses. The cytotoxicity of compounds 1-5 was assessed on a panel of cancer cell lines including bone (Saos-2, mg63), colorectal (HT29, Caco-2, HCC2998, SW48, HCT116, KM12), liver (HepG2), lung (H1299, Calu-3), and brain (C6), using 5-fluorouracil as positive control. Pronounced antiproliferative activities were observed for compound 1 which exhibited a comparable activity with the positive control, against brain (C6) and colorectal (SW48, KM12, HCT116) cancer cell lines showing IC50 values in the range of 14 to 65μM. Meanwhile, compound 5 displayed a greater cytotoxic effect showing at least 2-fold more strongly than the positive control, against C6 brain cancer cells. The assay findings have unveiled the therapeutic value of phytochemicals from Calophyllum castaneum as anti-cancer agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Diol Phospholipides. Part 3. Synthesis of Diol Phospho‐ and Thiophosphocholines and Their Homo Derivatives.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Relationships among breast cancer concern, risk perceptions, and interest in genetic testing for breast cancer susceptibility among African-American women with and without a family history of breast cancer.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

There has been very little research exploring the relationships among perceptions of, and concern about, getting breast cancer and interest in genetic testing for breast cancer among African-American women with and without a family history of breast cancer. This study explored these issues among 130 and 136 African-American women with and without a family history of breast cancer, respectively. Women with a family history reported having greater perceived breast cancer risks and concerns than women without a family history of breast cancer. Knowledge of breast cancer risk factors was very poor and correlated weakly with perceptions of risk and concern. In attributional analyses, acknowledging one's family history status was the strongest predictor of perceived risk only among women with a family history. Women with a family history of breast cancer expressed greater interest in genetic testing for breast cancer susceptibility than women without a family history, although interest in testing was high overall. Increasing perceptions of breast cancer risks and concerns were related to a greater interest in genetic testing, and this relationship was not moderated by family history status. Attributions of risk and knowledge of breast cancer risk factors generally were not related to interest in testing. Overall, these results suggest that: (a) African-American women with a family history are more concerned about and do recognize their greater risk of breast cancer; (b) knowledge of risk factors and attributions of risk are not directly related to interest in genetic testing; and (c) concerns, rather than beliefs about one's risk, are more powerfully related to interest in genetic testing, independent of family history status.
Pain Control on Demand Based on Pulsed Radio-Frequency Stimulation of the Dorsal Root Ganglion Using a Batteryless

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the implementation of a battery- less CMOS SoC with low voltage pulsed radio-frequency (PRF) stimulation. This implantable SoC uses 402 MHz command signals following the medical implanted communication system (MICS) standard and a low frequency (1 MHz) for RF power transmis- sion. A body floating type rectifier achieves 84% voltage conver- sion ratio. A bi-phasic pulse train of 1.4 V and 500 kHz is delivered by a PRF driver circuit. The PRF parameters include pulse dura- tion,pulsefrequencyandrepetitionrate,whicharecontrollablevia 402 MHz RF receiver. The minimal required 3 V RF and 2.2 V is achieved at 18 mm gap. The SoC chip is fabricated in a 0.35 CMOS process and mounted on a PCB with a flexible spiral antenna. The packaged PRF SoC was implanted into rats for the animal study. Von Frey was applied to test the mechanical allodynia in a blinded manner. This work has successfully demon- strated that implanted CMOS SoC stimulating DRG with 1.4 V, 500kHzPRFcouldsignificantlyreduce spinalnerveligation(SNL) induced mechanical allodynia for 3-7 days.
Cross-Section Sensitivity of the D-T Fusion Probability and the D-T and T-T Reaction Rates

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The cross-section sensitivity of the fusion probability has been calculated for various conditions of incident deuteron energy and plasma electron temperature. The fusion probability is most sensitive to the D-T cross section at the higher energies (≳50 keV), and, based on the reported errors in the cross section, the errors in the calculated fusion probabilities should be ≲10%.The cross-section sensitivities of the D-T reaction rate in a D-T plasma and the T-T reaction rate in a tritium plasma have also been calculated for various assumed values of the plasma ion temperature.
Improved Initial Stability of SOFC Anode by Microstructural Optimization

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Previous SOFC anodes manufactured by Wet Powder Spraying showed a rapid degradation of their electrochemical performance due to the coarsening of nickel particles. By improved powder preparation anodes were realized with an increased electrochemical performance and a decreased initial overpotential degradation of about 2% in the first 300 hours at 0,2 A/cm2 (950°C). In this paper results of microstructural observations and electrochemical tests for both types of anodes are presented.
Brandscapes: contrasting corporate-generated versus consumer-generated media in the creation of brand meaning

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to add to the growing literature addressing whether, and to what extent, brand meaning is determined by corporate and consumer-generated processes. To do this, the authors compared the expression of brand meaning across three key sources i.e. first, brand strategy (i.e. traditional marketing mix); second, corporate-generated media (i.e. web site); and third, consumer-generated media (Facebook). Design/methodology/approach – To address the research question of this study, the authors conducted an in-depth investigation into consumer co-creation experiences in the context of Facebook brand communities. The authors then interpreted the findings in relation to the brand strategy (i.e. marketing mix) and brand meaning expressed via corporate-generated online media (i.e. corporate web site). The authors achieved this by applying a narrative discourse analysis to textual data. To effectively handle the high quantity of textual data spawned via consumer-generated media (i.e. Facebook), the authors used a computer-assisted content analysis application (i.e. Leximancer). Findings – In the analyses the authors found that brand expressions varied considerably across the chosen retail brands, but in all cases strong integration and alignment were present between the corporate and consumer-generated media. Specifically, the authors found that Facebook interactions echoed the brand meanings espoused on the corporate web sites. The findings indicate that online marketers can define the nature of brand co-creation, especially in the context of Facebook interactions. Practical implications – For marketers who are eager to take advantage of Web 2.0 to build their brand, the findings of this research are highly significant. The authors showed that the brands developed their own interaction profiles, which allowed them to align the Facebook content with their core brand values. The results indicate that sound brand governance is articulated through the effective management of social media touchpoints by providing interactive, content rich, and relevant Facebook sites that echo core brand values. Originality/value – Even though businesses have now started to penetrate the online social networks and offer direct links from corporate web sites to social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter, little is known regarding the relationship between social media and traditional media in brand building. This research addresses this gap by undertaking an exploratory study of Facebook brand communities with implications for brand co-creation and brand governance.
[Clinical experience with totally implantable venous access systems in pediatric hematology and oncology].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Forty-three children with malignant diseases who received 48 totally implanted venous accesses (TIVA) were retrospectively analyzed. More than half the patients had acute leukemia. Mean age was 6 years 10 months. Mean duration of use of the TIVA was 473 +/- 50 days (range 28 to 1,285 da; median 424 days). Removal of the TIVA was required because of an adverse event in 33% of cases. Main reasons for removal included infection (22.9%), thrombosis (6.25%), and catheter dysfunction (4.16%). Catheter-related infections were most often due to staphylococci (90%), especially S. epidermidis (63%). Infection rate was 0.48 per 1,000 patient-days. Flushing with a vancomycin-heparin solution can be expected to decrease this rate. Selection of the implantation site is discussed. In children under 6 years of age, the cephalic vein and external jugular vein are often frail or absent and are therefore less appropriate than the internal jugular vein or subclavian vein.
Tying and Bundled Discounts: An Equilibrium Analysis of Antitrust Liability Tests

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Courts have struggled with determining when bundled discounts constitute unlawfully anticompetitive behavior. The current circuit split reflects an absence of consensus. This lack of legal guidance creates uncertainty in the market, with firms being given inconsistent – and sometimes contradictory standards on how to avoid antitrust liability. For the most part, we consider a standard paradigm for analyzing bundled discounts. Suppose that there are two firms. Firm 1 produces a monopoly product, A, and also another product, B, which competes with another version of B produced by Firm 2. The concern is the extent to which the price paid for A is linked to the purchase of B from Firm 1: has the bundling resulted in anticompetitive conduct in violation of Section 2 of the Sherman Act? We analyze three main approaches: the discount attribution test, the Elhauge proposal, and the Profit Sacrifice Test. Each of these has received much recent discussion, but very little of the debate takes into account the effects of bundled discounts where all firms are setting prices that maximize profits, i.e. in equilibrium. . With homogeneous goods in the B market, the attribution test should be failed is all firms are maximizing profits. The Elhauge proposal makes sense with equilibrium prices in some types of markets, but not others. The profit sacrifice test turns out to be vacuous when applied to bundled discounts, since in equilibrium there turns out to be no profit sacrifice. i. We explore related issues with tying arrangements. * The John Michael Stuart Centennial Professor of Economics at the University of Texas at Austin. Ph.D. (Economics) Yale University; B.A. (Economics) Stanford University. The author thanks Keith Hylton, Padmanbhan Srinagesh, David Radlauer, Michael Doane and, especially, Einer Elhauge and Patrick Greenlee for helpful discussions on the issues herein and, most particularly, his wife for assistance and patience over many years. ** Competition Economics, LLC. B.S.E.E. Tufts University. *** Professor & Chair, Department of Business Law, California State University, Northridge. J.D., Boston University; B.A., University of California.
INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY (MENTAL RETARDATION) - REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND SOME COMPLEMENTARY APPROACHES OF MANAGEMENT

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUNDAn individual with Mental Retardation (MR) has sub-normal intelligence and does not possess adequate skills to cope with the environment. [1]About 3% of the population has an IQ below 70.It is not a single, specific disorder or a unitary concept.There are many causes and even after extensive investigations the exact cause remains unknown in up to 40% of cases. [2]Development is a multidimensional process and Intellectual Disability (ID) is a symptom found in many disorders of known and unknown origins in the developmental period.Since it is a multifaceted disorder and as there is no definite cure, prevention and appropriate care by a multidisciplinary team is the norm. [3,4,5,6]But there should not be any nihilistic attitude or 'nothing can be done' or 'no medical treatment possible' approach, which will be counterproductive to the affected and the caregivers for proper management.Early identification and diagnosis, proper guidance, care rather than cure, communicating the limitations of treatment and emphasis on possible rehabilitation methods, coordination among the various healthcare providers were identified as better remedial measures. [4,5,6,7]Parents owing to anxiety, ignorance, illiteracy and lack of effective guidance used to take their children for various alternate and unproved management approaches.
A new genus and three new species of alpheid shrimps (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea) from the tropical American coasts

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Anker, Arthur (2010): A new genus and three new species of alpheid shrimps (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea) from the tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 2652: 47-63, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.198863
Functional aspects of photochemical processes in thin layer systems.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Chemical conversion of light energy by the aid of membrane system is described. Light-in-duded electron transfer is the most important process there. In this process, the prevention of backward electron transfer, in other words, the charge separation is the key point.The introduction of the heterogeneous system such as membrane can bring about the effective charge separation.Several examples of the application of LB film, vesicle and liposome to improve the conversion efficiency are shown.
Erratum to “Study on quasi-Γ-hyperideals inΓ-semihypergroups”

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We wrote this note to show that the definition of Γ-hypersemigroups in [2] should be corrected, and that it is not enough to replace the hyperoperation ◦ of the hypersemigroup by Γ to pass from a hypersemigroup to a Γ-hypersemigroup. Care should be taken about the definitions of m, n -quasi-Γ-hyperideal, the m-left Γ-hyperideal and the n-right Γ-hyperideal as well.
THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHONOACETATE ON THYMIDINE UPTAKE AND METABOLISM IN HSV-1 INFECTED BHK-21/C13 CELLS

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Conference Abstract| April 01 1981 THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHONOACETATE ON THYMIDINE UPTAKE AND METABOLISM IN HSV-1 INFECTED BHK-21/C13 CELLS Herbert N. Baybutt; Herbert N. Baybutt 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Aberdeen, Marischal College, Aberdeen AB9 1AS, Scotland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Barbara A. Murray; Barbara A. Murray 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Aberdeen, Marischal College, Aberdeen AB9 1AS, Scotland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Colin K. Pearson Colin K. Pearson 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Aberdeen, Marischal College, Aberdeen AB9 1AS, Scotland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1981) 9 (2): 229P. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst009229p Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Herbert N. Baybutt, Barbara A. Murray, Colin K. Pearson; THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHONOACETATE ON THYMIDINE UPTAKE AND METABOLISM IN HSV-1 INFECTED BHK-21/C13 CELLS. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1981; 9 (2): 229P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst009229p Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1981 Biochemical Society1981 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Unequal clustering data gathering algorithm based on ring in uniform distribution of nodes in wireless sensor networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Periodical clustering data gathering algorithm in each round is mainly divided into two stages of cluster structure establishment and data transmission. In each round, the network need reestablish the cluster structure and periodically change the cluster heads to balance the energy consumption of the network. However, rebuilding the cluster structure requires a large amount of message exchange, which leads to an excessive increase of energy consumption. Especially, with the increase of the size of WSN, the message cost of rebuilding the cluster structure also increases. In this paper, we propose an unequal clustering data gathering algorithm based on ring (UCDGAR) to resolve the problem of excessive energy consumption caused by the periodic reconfiguration of unequal clusters in large-scale data gathering with uniform distribution of nodes. Firstly, UCDGAR obtains the clustering parameters when the network energy consumption is the minimum by theoretical calculation. Furthermore, the unequal cluster structure is established by these clustering parameters. Finally, we explore a cluster head rotation algorithm by which the cluster head roles are periodically rotated without rebuilding. This can effectively reduce the energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime.
Robust Multi-Objective Singular Optimal Control Ofpenicillin Fermentation Process

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The determination of optimal feeding profile of fed-batch fermentation requires the solution of a singular optimal control problem. The complexity in obtaining the solution to this singular problem is due to the nonlinear dynamics of the system model, the presence of control variables in linear form and the existence of constraints in both the state and control variables. Traditionally, during the optimization process, uncertainties associated with design variables, control parameters and mathematical model are not considered. In this contribution, a systematic methodology to evaluate uncertainties during the resolution of a singular optimal control problem is proposed. This approach consists of the Multi-objective Optimization Differential Evolution algorithm associated with Effective Mean Concept. The proposed methodology is applied to determine the feed substrate concentration in fed-batch penicillin fermentation process. The robust multi- objective singular optimal control problem consists of maximizing the productivity and minimizing the operation total time.
The influence of starter cultures on the lactic acid bacteria microbiota of Petrovac sausage

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Petrovac sausage (Petrovská klobása) is a high-quality fermented dry sausage produced traditionally in the municipality of Ba?ki Petrovac (Vojvodina, Serbia). The product is characterised by specific and recognised texture, aroma and colour, produced without additives or preservatives. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) microbiota plays an important role in production of the sausage. The aim of the paper is to monitor the changes in LAB during the production of Petrovac sausage. Samples of sausages were prepared without and with the addition of starter culture Staphylococcus xylosus as well as combined starter culture Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and S. xylosus, and produced at two different temperature ranges. A total number of 495 strains were isolated from 33 samples of Petrovac sausage during 120 days of production process. Characterisation of the isolates was performed by phenotypic tests, while molecular identification of the representative strains was done by 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. The total number of LAB was about 8 log (Colony Forming Unit (CFU))/g in all samples, while the number of staphylococci was about 4 log CFU/g. Molecular identification confirmed that all isolates belonged to the following species: Levilactobacillus brevis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus. Lactobacilli and Leuconostoc spp. dominate the total LAB strains, while P. pentosaceus was isolated at the lowest frequency.