jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Virtual patient simulation to improve nurses’ relational skills in a continuing education context: A convergent mixed methods study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background Nurses must meet professional standards by attending continuing education activities. Despite the potential of virtual patient simulation in nursing education, it has rarely been used in nurses’ continuing education to address relational skills. We developed an automated virtual patient simulation informed by motivational interviewing to enhance nurses’ relational skills. The simulation features an HIV-positive man struggling to adhere to his medication. Quizzes and feedback loops embedded in the simulation allow learners to observe the consequences of their choices. This study aimed to assess nurses’ perception of simulation’s acceptability. Specific objectives were: to measure the simulation design elements, its role in supporting practice, its quality and technology acceptance, and the achievement of learning objectives; to explore nurses’ learning experience. Methods We performed a convergent mixed methods study by combining a quantitative pre-experimental, one-group post-test design and a qualitative exploratory study. We used convenience and snowball sampling approaches to select registered nurses (n=49) working in Quebec, Canada, who self-reported as having basic computer literacy skills. Participants completed an online sociodemographic questionnaire, consulted the simulation, and filled out an online post-test survey. Descriptive statistics (mean, SD, median, interquartile range) were used to present quantitative findings. From the 27 participants who completed the simulation and post-test survey, five participated in a focus group to explore their learning experience. The discussion transcript was subjected to thematic analysis. Results Nurses perceived the simulation to be highly acceptable. They rated the global system quality and the technology acceptance with high scores. They reported having enjoyed the simulation and recommended other providers use it. Four qualitative themes were identified: motivations to engage in the simulation-based research; learning in a realistic, immersive, and non-judgmental environment; perceived utility of the simulation; and perceived difficulty in engaging in the simulation-based research. Conclusions The simulation contributed to knowledge and skills development on motivational interviewing and enhanced nurses’ self-confidence in applying relational skills. Simulation holds the potential to change practice, as nurses become more self-reflective and aware of the impact of their relational skills on patient care. Relational skills are fundamental to high-quality nursing care.Trial registration:ISRCTN18243005, retrospectively registered on July 3 2020.
Toxoplasmosis in Public Health: Risks, Diagnosis and Therapeutic

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Based on the notoriety of the prevalence of the disease in the current context, this paper aims to cite the main forms of treatment currently applied, highlighting the particularities of each medication used, in addition to highlighting the future perspectives in relation to the disease and preventive measures. Methodology: To produce the article, a literature review was carried out based on books, epidemiological and experimental papers through searches in Google, academic databases and PubMed. Findings: Recent studies show a possible relationship between toxoplasmosis and other diseases of the Central Nervous System, such as Parkinson's. Despite years of research aimed at producing an effective vaccine against the disease, it has not yet been possible to obtain one, although there is progress. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: By reviewing data already present in the literature, it is possible to better clarify which are the best forms of diagnosis, as well as the development of new treatments. The graphical analysis of the results indicated fewer studies about risk factors and prevention methods, showing a lack of discussion about these topics and a need to spread this information to try to lower the prevalence of the disease. Therefore, the evolution of disease diagnosis techniques helps in the beginning of treatment, preventing the worsening of the condition in more susceptible people.
DiSCl: Distributed Intelligent Subspace Clustering, a density based clustering approach for very high dimensional distributed dataset

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a problem called, ldquoDistributed Subspace Clustering for high dimensional distributed database, based on density notion of clusteringrdquo is explored. To solve this problem, we described our algorithm ISC (Intelligent Subspace Clustering) which uses the concept called Hierarchical Subspace Clustering. ISC finds the input parameter epsi i.e. the distance, required for any density based clustering, adaptively at various levels of dimensionalities. This gives the ability of incremental learning and dynamic inclusion and exclusions of subspaces which lead to better cluster formation.
Policy Analysis in Sport Management

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Over the past two decades, policy analysis has developed as a collection of formal methods to enhance policy design and implementation. Interpretive and critical methods for policy analysis have recently been advocated as a way to clarify the parameters of policy problems and thereby improve policy formulation and implementation. The heuristic basis for interpretive and critical policy analysis is consistent with contemporary findings in the psychology of decision making. Formal methods for interpretive and critical policy analysis are elaborated and illustrated via application to the drafting of the U.S. Amateur Sports Act (PL 95-606). It is shown that the methods illumine decision processes that have caused sport development to become subordinate to the administrative rationalization of American Olympic sport governance.
The cultural landscape of the Hyblaean Mountains between the 3rd century BC and the 2nd century AD in the light of multidisciplinary research

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Power in Syracuse was taken by Hiero II in 270 BC. Then the Hyblaean Mountains, much of which belonged to Syracuse, underwent changes and entered a period of transformations. When the First Punic War began Hiero II signed a treaty with Rome, which ensured long-term stabilization, economic growth and thorough development of the kingdom. His reign was the last period in which Syracusan territory flourished and enjoyed independence. After his death in 215 BC and the fall of Syracuse, the Romans confiscated Syracusan lands and annexed the towns allied with metropolis, also in the Hyblaean Mountains. It should be emphasized that this region represented a deeply-rooted Hellenistic heritage –evident in a variety of public and private buildings associated with developed culture, art, the self-confidence of the inhabitants. But new architecture, everyday objects, inscriptions and other components present already new influences. It is associated with the Roman migration to the newly conquered lands. Later, this region played a role during the conflict between Sextus Pompey and Octavian with its long-term consequences. Thanks to the archaeological sources can be assumed that the result was an influx of Roman veterans as settlers and new material culture, agriculture, breeding and know-how here
Non-standard magnetohydrodynamics equations and their implications in sunspots

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this work, we study the physics of plasma waves and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibrium of sunspots based on the concept of non-standard Lagrangians which play an important role in several branches of science. We derived the modified fluid equations from the Maxwell–Vlasov equation using the moment conventional procedure. Several new interaction terms between physical quantities arise in the non-standard MHD (NS-MHD) equations that give rise to additional features in plasma MHD. A number of fundamental problems in plasma physics are discussed including the non-relativistic dynamics of inviscid fluid subject to the gravitational field, linear waves in plasma MHD and MHD equilibrium of sunspots. For the case of magnetoacoustic wave, it was observed that the NS-MHD equations modify the dispersion relation and its corresponding velocity depends on the sign (positive or negative) of the free parameters introduced in the theory. The non-standard Alfvén velocity is greater than the standard Alfvén velocity for the negative sign and smaller for the positive sign. Besides, in the MHD equilibrium of sunspots, non-standard MHD extends the conventional problem by adding several constraints that lead to an emergence of very low temperature inside the magnetic flux tube comparable to what is observed in low-temperature superconductors. Additional consequences are discussed accordingly.
Reproductive biology of the eastern and least chipmunk

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Eastern and least chipmunks from northern Minnesota were studied in regard to fecundity, age at maturity, timing of reproduction, and changes in the reproductive organs with age and season. A computer program for discriminate analysis was used to determine relative age of the individual animals. Traditional age indicators were used as variables. The result is a measure of the dispersion of the individual animal from a selected control group using all variables at once. Subjective decisions are almost eliminated by this technique. The histology of the reproductive and accessory organs is similar to that of other sciurids as described by other authors. An apparent difference is the presence of two very distinctive areas in the epididymides. The epithelium of one region has central nuclei and is about 31.4 mu. in height. The epithelium of the other area has basal nuclei and is about 16 mu. in height. Sperm is absent from the lumina of the first tubule type, but abundant in the lumina of the second tubule type. The chipmunks in both Oregon and Minnesota had only one breeding season per year which occurred shortly after emergence from hibernation. Hence juveniles do not breed until the spring following their birth. A significant change in ovulation rate of the eastern chipmunk was detected between 1967 and 1968, and for the least chipmunk in Oregon between 1968 and 1969. The rates changed from 7.09 in 1967 to 4.35 in 1968 for the eastern chipmunk, and from 4.78 in 1968 to 6.31 in 1969 for the least chipmunk. Preimplantation loss and resorption of embryos increased in the years of lower ovulation rate.
FusÃ£o de imagem CBERS-2B (CCD e HRC) para atualizaÃ§Ã£o de dados de cartas topogrÃ¡ficas e de imagens de menor resoluÃ§Ã£o espacial

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The use of remote sensing for environmental studies has contributed significantly to several analysis related to the planning and management of natural resources, as both became possible mainly due to the periodicity and quality of the images provided. According to the needs of each survey, its necessary, to have images with different resolutions to better get information. Thus, the satellite images with high spatial resolution provide important information, besides the best work schedules, however they present a high cost of acquisition. Still, the panchromatic image fusion with multispectral images, is a viable alternative. In this context, this article aims to perform the merger of images from the CBERS 2B Satellite (CCD sensor and HRC), using the IHS method, in order to update data of topographical maps and lower resolution images. The chosen area for the completion of the merger was JoÃ£o Dias Creek basin, located in the municipality of Aquidauana/MS with an area of 11.665 hectares. As a result we obtained a fused image with a resolution of 2,7 meters and it was possible to notice a considerable improvement compared to the spectral resolution that was preserved from the CCD image and gains relative to the spatial resolution of the HRC image that was incorporated, allowing a better definition and distinction of the different targets presented in the images. From the image of the topographic map data, as well as images of lower resolution became possible, favoring the achievement of information that assist in the planning of urban and rural areas.
Tikal: dynasties, foreigners, & affairs of state: advancing Maya archaeology

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

New insights from the Tikal excavations and epigraphic breakthroughs suggest that a thriving marketplace existed in the center of the city, that foreigners comprised a significant element of its populace, and that differences in tomb form and contents signal the changing fortunes of Tikal's rulers. Essay topics include the timing of the foundation of the Tikal dynasty, the earliest experiments in socio-political complexity, the 6th-7th century hiatus in monument erection, the reassertion of central authority around A.D. 700, and the complex causality behind the collapse and depopulation during the 9th century. Featuring some of the premiere specialists in the field as well as innovative new scholars, this volume promises to shape Tikal's interpretations and research agenda for decades to come.
Investigating the Invisible Sufferings: A Qualitative Investigation of Structural Violence in Karak District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Violence is a universal phenomenon and can be found in many societies across the globe. Based on nature and intensity, the factors may be cultural, psychological, and economic. Among all these, an important factor could be invisible sufferings that are rooted in the structure of a society. This study aims to explore the role of structural violence in boosting collective violence in District Karak, a region marked by a higher educational ratio but episodic communal unrest. The researchers conducted an in-depth analysis using a qualitative research design that employed an intrinsic case study approach. A diverse group of 25 participants selected through purposive and convenient sampling. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect primary data from five lawyers, five social activists, five heads of households, five Maliks, and five members of the dispute resolution council. A thematic analysis method was used to derive themes from the collected data, such as weak accusations, business deals, honor violations, rent killings, mistrust of the legal system, customary grievances, and attacks against police, which are found to be the basic elements of violence in the region. The study findings contribute to the broader discourse about the understanding of violence by exploring psychological, cultural, and structural factors that perpetuate collective aggression in District Karak.
Mineralogical quantitative phase analysis using the rietveld method. Applications to problems of interest for ceramic industry

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The application of the Rietveld method represents the definitive technique for mineralogical quantitative phase analysis of a wide range of materials from powder diffraction data. The Rietveld method allows high accurate quantitative phase analyses to be performed from samples that cannot be analysed by other experimental techniques. The determination of clay and amorphous phases is of great interest for the ceramic industry, covering all the possible materials involved in the ceramic production cycle, from raw materials to ceramic glasses, from pigments to porcelainized grès. We report here examples of quantitative phase analyses of raw materials and ceramic products accomplished at the Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra of the Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, as results of collaboration projects with ceramic industries and in the context of scientific research projects.
Factors Associated with Higher Pro-Inflammatory Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Levels in Young Women with Type 1 Diabetes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Lower residual C-peptide at diagnosis and poor long-term glycemic control independently predicted higher pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α levels years later. The novel relationship with C-peptide needs confirmation in a larger cohort. Given the association between tumor necrosis factor-α and diabetes complications, further longitudinal studies may help clarify the potentially complex associations between glycemic control, inflammatory cytokines, and complications.
Collaborating in the transition to tertiary writing

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Monash Transition to Tertiary Writing Project seeks to produce a web-based resource for first-year students to facilitate their transition to the kinds of thinking and writing valued at university. The background research on which this language and academic skills (LAS) project is based centres on three main types of collaboration. Of key importance was the interaction set up between six LAS lecturers and more than twenty first-year students across ten subjects. Crucial too are the relationships established with thirteen lecturers from four faculties teaching the first-year subjects. In addition, interviews were conducted with Year 12 teachers who made observations about the likely difficulties they expected students to experience. Collaborations with these three groups of stakeholders yield a number of insights about the challenges for students making the transition from school to university. The resulting web-based resource represents an innovation in its attempt to capture both dimensions of this transition: a vertical one (school to university) and a lateral one (moving from one discipline specialism to the next).
Association between contraceptive implant knowledge and intent with implant uptake among postpartum Malawian women: a prospective cohort study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) can assist women with birth spacing and reduce unintended pregnancies. Sub-Saharan Africa has low uptake of the two available methods of LARC, the subdermal implant and intrauterine contraception (IUC). Our primary objectives were to: 1) calculate the incidence of LARC use among postpartum Malawian women, and 2) assess if LARC knowledge and intent to use LARC were associated with LARC uptake. Methods This study was a prospective cohort study of 634 postpartum women who were recruited from the postpartum ward of Bwaila Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi. Study participants completed a baseline survey in the postpartum ward. Follow-up telephone surveys about contraceptive use were conducted at 3, 6, and 12 months postpartum. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to evaluate if implant knowledge and intent to use implant were associated with implant uptake. Results One hundred thirty-seven implant and 10 IUC placements were reported over 12 months of follow-up; given the low rate of IUC uptake, further analysis was only done for implant uptake. The incidence rate for implant uptake was 35.6 per 100 person-years (95 % CI 30.0, 42.2). Correct implant knowledge (adjusted HR = 1.69; 95 % CI 1.06, 2.68) and intent to use implant (adjusted HR 1.95; 95 % CI 1.28, 2.98) were both associated with implant uptake. Conclusions More women reported implant use than IUC use in our study. Correct implant knowledge and intent to use implant were both associated with implant uptake, with a stronger association for intent. Interventions to increase LARC uptake should focus on improving LARC knowledge and removing barriers to LARC. Trial registration Clinical Trial Registration #: NCT01893021
The property of CrCoNiFeMnAl x (x=0, 0.5, and 1) high-entropy alloys on rapid cooling: insights from ab initio molecular dynamics

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are currently the subject of extensive research. Despite this, the effects of rapid cooling on their performance have yet to be investigated. This study uses ab initio molecular dynamics to investigate the CrCoFeNiMnAl x ( x = 0, 0.5 and 1) HEAs under a rapid cooling process. It has been observed that the three HEAs all form metallic glass at 300 K under a constant cooling rate of 1.25 × 10 2 K ps −1 , mainly composed of icosahedron and face-centered cubic clusters. Secondly, the glass transition temperatures ( T g ) are predicted to be 1658 K for CrCoFeNiMn, 1667 K for CrCoFeNiMnAl 0.5 , and 1687 K for CrCoFeNiMnAl, respectively. It can be seen the T g of HEAs increases with the content of Al increasing. Eventually, a relationship between structure and dynamics is established by using the five-fold local symmetry parameters and shear viscosity, which proves that structural evolution is the fundamental reason for dynamic deceleration. The present results contribute to understanding the evolution of the local structure of CrCoFeNiMnAl x and provide a new perspective for studying the structural mechanism of dynamic retardation in HEAs.
Performance evaluation of biomass-derived hydrothermal carbonaceous material in cement based composites

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Reducing CO2 emissions from cement production can be achieved by incorporating carbonaceous materials as partial replacements for traditional cement. However, the effects of these particles on cement composites are not fully understood. This study explores the potential of hydrothermally carbonized nanospheres (HCN) obtained through green synthesis from discarded pomegranate peel as a partial replacement for cement. HCN were added to cement using two mixing techniques: dry mixing and wet mixing in four dosages: 0.1 %, 0.25 %, 0.5 %, and 1 % by weight, replacing cement. The study investigated the impact of both HCN dosages and mixing techniques on the 7- and 28-day properties of the cement composites. Workability improved for all samples while density decreased upto 6.67 % after 7 days and upto ≅ 5 % after 28 days. Wet-mixed samples showed significant increases in flexural strength after 7 days, with the HCN0.1 %W sample showing a 37.18 % increase, while the dry-mixed HCN1 %D sample showed a 25.34 % increase. There was a reduction in compressive strength for all samples, but it remained within a comparable range, with a significant increase from 7 to 28 days, reaching up to 70.93 % for the HCN0.5 %W sample. Overall, HCN has the potential to significantly affect the properties of cement composites even at very low doses, however, it should be properly optimized to enhance the properties of the cement composite as well as contribute to sustainability.
Application of Speech Interaction System Model Based on Semantic Search in English MOOC Teaching System

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In order to improve the effect of English MOOC teaching, this study combines the semantic search algorithm to construct an English MOOC teaching system to promote the interactive effect of English teaching. Moreover, this study analyzes a DOA estimation method based on sparse iterative covariance and an improved method, and no prior knowledge of noise is required to use this method in noisy data scenarios. In addition, this study constructs an English interactive teaching system based on semantic search. Finally, this study uses the course resources of the MOOC platform to teach students, perform organizational collaboration, and answer the questions. The research shows that the speech interaction system model based on semantic search proposed in this study has a better application effect in the English MOOC teaching system.