jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Attitudes of Clinically Practicing Registered Nurses in Southern Mississippi Toward Physician-Assisted Death

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Problem\nThe purpose of this study is to discover unique themes related to the attitudes of nurses in Southern Mississippi toward physician-assisted death (PAD).\nMethods\nThis study is a qualitative, inductive content analysis. The sample comprised three registered nurses currently practicing in Southern Mississippi. The researcher guided each participant’s one-hour interview with questions, then recorded and transcribed the texts for data analysis; and coded and analyzed data. Themes were selected if there was inter-rater agreement of 100% between the researcher and thesis adviser.\nResults\nThe interview questions focused on (a) the presence or absence of support for legalization of PAD, (b) acceptability of, or preference for PAD, and (c) what recurring factors, if any, influence the participants’ attitudes toward PAD. Extrapolated themes were (a) patient autonomy, (b) religion and Christianity, (c) ethical gray area, (d) education, (e) nursing the dying, and (f) external influences.\nDiscussion\n Each participant agreed that PAD was a complex ethical dilemma, rather than a black or white issue. Findings suggested that support for PAD is present among nurses in Mississippi, but a lack of support is likely to be more prominent. Religious faith and professional experience were cited as external influences on attitudes toward PAD, and religious faith was a direct determinant of opposition towards PAD. A knowledge deficit regarding PAD was apparent for all participants. More research with a larger sample size is necessary for definitive and representative conclusions.
Role of scatter-hoarding rodents in the seed dispersal of large-seeded plants.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Large animals are believed to have coevolved to become the primary dispersers of large-seeded plants. With the deforestation that usually accompanies agriculture and urbanization, habitats for large animals have been significantly reduced or lost, leading to the eventual disappearance of such animals. With the loss of these primary dispersers, large-seeded plants require other means of dispersal if they are to propagate and survive. One such mode of dispersal is via secondary dispersal by scatter-hoarding seed-predating rodents. Our study explored three areas: 1) the extent to which small mammals were able to serve as secondary dispersers of large seeds, 2) the difference in such dispersal activity between primary rainforests and secondary rainforests, and 3) the possible viability of seeds in the aftermath of seed predation. Our results have shown that while small mammals such as the plantain squirrel can serve as secondary dispersers of large seeds, there seems to be a lack of secondary seed dispersal activity in the secondary rainforest, and a distinct lack of scatter-hoarding rodents such as squirrels in the secondary forest area compared to the primary forest. Also, our study shows that seeds are able to withstand considerable amount of damage to the endosperm and cotyledons, and still retain viability as long as the embryo is still intact.
LHD 1p5L-AL01-NF #178166.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The plasma monitor cameras are installed in 6-T, 6-O and 10-O ports for monitoring LHD plasmas. Five cameras are set in 3-O port for observing the lower divertor structure near 2.5-L port and the plasma-wall interactions on the divertor plates.
Intracranial entrapment of a haemodialysis catheter guidewire

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 49-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was hospitalised due to pneumonia and pulmonary embolisms. After subsequently developing septic shock and acute renal failure, he required dialysis. A haemodialysis catheter was planned inserted into the right subclavian vein, the guidewire was introduced using the Seldinger technique. When the guidewire’s 20 cm marker entered the introducer needle, it suddenly encountered resistance. Repeated attempts to remove the guidewire failed. Vital signs and haemodynamic parameters remained unchanged throughout the procedure. CT angiography revealed cranial displacement of the wire into the right internal jugular vein, with the tip of the wire just cranial to the jugular foramen in the right sigmoid sinus. Interventional radiological removal attempts were unsuccessful. Thoracic and neurosurgical interventions were considered impossible and the guidewire was left in place. Due to the pulmonary embolism and the foreign object in the patient, life-long anticoagulation was considered, with close monitoring of compliance with the patient’s comorbidity and medication.
StrainInfo SI-ID 410232.1

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

StrainInfo dataset 410232 about a strain of Christensenella hongkongensis. StrainInfo is a service developed to provide a resolution of microbial strain identifiers by storing culture collection numbers, their relations, and culture-associated data. StrainInfo is part of NFDI4Microbiota consortium.
Use of Sustainable Energy as a Heating Source to Improve Dyeability and Other Properties of Wool and Polyamide-6 Fabrics with Nano-Silica

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

T hIs study deals with the utilization of silicon dioxide nanoparticles (siO 2 NPs) to treatment of wool and polyamide 6 fabrics.The fabrics treated with different concentrations of siO 2 NPs (5-20 g/l) using pad-dry-cure technique.The size of nano silicon dioxide particles measured with TEM.The surface morphology and surface chemical elements of treated and untreated fabrics were characterized through high-resolution scanning Electron Microscopy (sEM) and Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX), respectively.The untreated and treated wool and polyamide fabrics were characterized by FTIR.The effect of the treatment on dyability of both wool and polyamide 6 fabrics using different dyestuffs such as acid, basic and direct dyes is studied with applying innovation technique to save energy, water and time.For comparison, the same dyeing technique was carried out by using conventional heating technique.The colour strength and the fastness tests of the untreated and treated wool and polyamide 6 fabrics were evaluated.The effects of siO 2 NPs on the physical and multifunctional properties of the treated sample such as weight, thickness, UPF, antibacterial activity and moisture regain % were determined.The obtained results indicate that the optimization of dyeing process parameters as well as optimized treatment of both wool and polyamide fabrics with siO 2 NPs has a significant influence on the obtained shades and fastness properties.
Depositional History of Franchthi Cave: Sediments, Stratigraphy, and Chronology. William R. Farrand (with a report on the background of the Franchthi Project by Thomas W. Jacobsen). 2000. Indiana University Press, Bloomington. 136 pp. $49.95 (paper), ISBN 0-253-21314-2.

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Depositional History of Franchthi Cave: Sediments, Stratigraphy, and Chronology. William R. Farrand (with a report on the background of the Franchthi Project by Thomas W. Jacobsen). 2000. Indiana University Press, Bloomington. 136 pp. $49.95 (paper), ISBN 0-253-21314-2. - Volume 67 Issue 2
APD - ML: Air Pollution Detection Using Machine Learning Algorithms

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

To analyze the air quality of any country, a machine learning technique is being developed and an air quality indicator is proposed for a particular area. Air Quality Index is considered to be a basic measure which can indicate the levels of SO 2 , NO 2 . etc. over a particular amount of time. We technologically put forward a model to determine the air quality index in view of historical data of preceding years and computing the same for the forthcoming year considering it as a gradient decent attached boosted multivariable regression problem. We enhance the proposed model's effectiveness by relating cost estimation on behalf of the problem to be a predictive one. Thus this proposed system resolve successfully and work well to envisage the air quality indicator of any entire country or state or any bounded region furnished with enough historical data about contaminants in air. In the proposed model, subsequently machine learning technique is assimilated, upright enactment with performance is accomplished further than the standard regression model. The implementation of envisaging air quality index is prepared for our country India as well as accurateness of 96% is attained via XG Boost Algorithm joined with LightBGM algorithm to find an accurate solution that is in adjacent proximity to the ideal solution.
Minimality in Finite-Dimensional ZW-Calculi

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The ZW-calculus is a graphical language capable of representing 2-dimensional quantum systems (qubit) through its diagrams, and manipulating them through its equational theory. We extend the formalism to accommodate finite dimensional Hilbert spaces beyond qubit systems. First we define a qu$d$it version of the language, where all systems have the same arbitrary finite dimension $d$, and show that the provided equational theory is both complete -- i.e. semantical equivalence is entirely captured by the equations -- and minimal -- i.e. none of the equations are consequences of the others. We then extend the graphical language further to allow for mixed-dimensional systems. We again show the completeness and minimality of the provided equational theory.
Members’ Participation in the Awabel Multi-Purpose Farmers Cooperatives Union and its Affiliates, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This research tried to identify various characteristics of members that influence their participation \nlevel in cooperative governance and business. Participation measures included attendance at \nmeetings, utilization of cooperative services and building cooperative capital through \nshareholding. Member socio-economics, organizational environments and beliefs concerned \ncooperative principles, collective action, individual member identities as associated with \ncooperative membership, satisfaction with cooperative operation and management are used to \nanalyze the differences among groups of members. The study was conducted in East Gojam \nAdministrative Zone, Awabel Multi-Purpose Farmers’ Cooperatives Union area of operation. \nNinety-five individual members and 35 potential members surveyed in November to January \n2007/08. The major concern of this study is to assess and identify determinants of members to \nparticipate actively in cooperatives with the aim of proposing measures for development of selfreliant \ncooperatives that address member’s participation factors. It is also assessed the problems \nof potential members to join to the existing multi-purpose cooperatives. Descriptive statistics \nsuch as mean, standard deviation and percentages were used to describe sample respondents in \nterms of some desirable variables. A binary logit model was employed to analyze determinants of \nmembers’ active participation in cooperatives. Fifteen explanatory variables were included in the \nmodel of which Socio- economic four factors and institutional environment two a total of six \nwere found significant at less than 10% probability levels. This study also attempted to examine \nthe differences between members and potential members the result showed that the two groups \nvaried in socio economic factors.
Hydrological and Hydraulic Analysis of Drainage System of Salamanmloyo Sub-district, Semarang, Indonesia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Salamanmloyo, one of the sub-districts in West Semarang District, Semarang City, is a densely populated area with nearly all of its land built-up. Due to its location in the lower region of Semarang, it is vulnerable to flooding. Salamanmloyo has experienced floods and inundation due to insufficient pervious areas and inefficient drainage channels. This occurs when there is an imbalance between the drainage channel capacity and the discharge that needs to be handled, as well as when waste, sediment, and vegetation are present in the channel. As for the existing conditions in the Salamanmloyo Sub-district, no previous study regarding flooding and inundation has been conducted in this area. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research and planning to determine the existing conditions of drainage channels, hydraulic and hydrological analysis results, and suitable SUDS types to decrease the flooding volume level. Hydraulic and hydrological analyses will be performed as a part of this planning, after which EPA SWMM 5.1 modelling will be performed under four different conditions: current, maximum SUDS application, channel normalization, and channel re-design conditions. The outcomes of the SUDS planning were applied in the form of 497 units of infiltration wells and 16,345.6 m2 of permeable pavement. SUDS implementation, drainage channel normalization, and redesign helped minimize the total flooding volume by 66.3%, from 231,456 m3 to 78,008 m3.
Mexican Americans and the Question of Race

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With Mexican Americans constituting a large and growing segment of U.S. society, their assimilation trajectory has become a constant source of debate. Some believe Mexican Americans are following the path of European immigrants toward full assimilation into whiteness, while others argue that they remain racialized as nonwhite. Drawing on extensive interviews with Mexican Americans and Mexican immigrants in Texas, Dowling's research challenges common assumptions about what informs racial labeling for this population. Her interviews demonstrate that for Mexican Americans, racial ideology is key to how they assert their identities as either in or outside the bounds of whiteness. Emphasizing the link between racial ideology and racial identification, Dowling offers an insightful narrative that highlights the complex and highly contingent nature of racial identity
Characterisation of a novel stimuli-responsive polymers for protein refolding

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

During bioprocessing, there are many points at which protein can aggregate, reducing the overall protein refolding yield. A novel stimuli responsive polymer: Poly (L-lysine iso-phthalamide) was investigated in this study to examine its potential use as an additive to improve refolding yield of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL). Poly (L-lysine iso-phthalamide) is anionic at pH 6.0 or higher and cationic when the environmental pH falls below pH 4.0. Phase transition of the polymer from soluble state to an insoluble state occurs between pH 4.0 to 6.0. Investigations were then carried out to determine the optimal conditions to carry out lysozyme refolding. Factors that influence lysozyme refolding yield such as (i) protein refolding pH, (ii) polymer concentration in refolding buffer and (iii) urea concentration in refolding buffer were examined. Maximum lysozyme refolding yield of 22% was achieved when refolding was carried out using a refolding buffer consisted of 0.2 W/V% Poly (L-lysine iso-phthalamide), 2.0M urea and 4mM EDTA at pH 8. A control study was also carried out to investigate the effects of GSH and GSSG on lysozyme refolding yield. GSH and GSSG are redox agents that are normally added into refolding buffer to improve protein refolding yield. The addition of GSH and GSSG helps improve lysozyme refolding yield as they promote disulfide bond formation. However, Poly (L-lysine iso-phthalamide) was found to be ineffective in improving lysozyme refolding yield when GSH and GSSG were added into the refolding buffer. In fact, 68% lysozyme refolding yield was achieved when no polymer was used in the presence of GSH and GSSG. When the polymer is added into this refolding buffer, lysozyme refolding yield was reduced to less than 10%. This finding suggests that possible molecular interactions between the polymer, GSH and GSSG are inhibiting lysozyme refolding hence the decrement in refolding yield.
Evaluation of pomological traits of pear decline-resistant rootstocks

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Twenty pear rootstock genotypes were examined for their pear decline resistance and their pomological traits in a six years field trial. All rootstock selections were grafted with the susceptible cultivar Williams followed by graft-inoculation with a severe strain of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’ prior plantation. Seven years post inoculation all surviving trees were positive in PCR analyses. The concentration of the phytoplasmas was determined by quantitative real-time PCR and ranged from 3x106 to 6x107 phytoplasma cells per gram of phloem tissue. Among the grafted rootstock genotypes clear differences in mortality, symptom expression and pomological performance were observed. Pear decline-tolerant rootstocks with promising pomological traits were selected for further evaluation.
Intra-Operative Electron Radiation Therapy (IOERT) Anticipated Boost in Breast Cancer Treatment: An Italian Multicenter Experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In breast cancer, the use of a boost to the tumor bed can improve local control. The aim of this research is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the boost with intra-operative electron radiotherapy (IOERT) in patients with early-stage breast cancer undergoing conservative surgery and postoperative whole breast irradiation (WBI). The present retrospective multicenter large data were collected between January 2011 and March 2018 in 8 Italian Radiation Oncology Departments. Acute and late toxicity, objective (obj) and subjective (subj) cosmetic outcomes, in-field local control (LC), out-field LC, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Overall, 797 patients were enrolled. IOERT-boost was performed in all patients during surgery, followed by WBI. Acute toxicity (≥G2) occurred in 179 patients (22.46%); one patient developed surgical wound infection (G3). No patients reported late toxicity ≥ G2. Obj-cosmetic result was excellent in 45%, good in 35%, fair in 20% and poor in 0% of cases. Subj-cosmetic result was excellent in 10%, good in 20%, fair in 69% and poor in 0.3% of cases. Median follow-up was 57 months (range 12–109 months). At 5 years, in-field LC was 99.2% (95% CI: 98–99.7); out-field LC 98.9% (95% CI: 97.4–99.6); DFS 96.2% (95% CI: 94.2–97.6); OS 98.6% (95% CI: 97.2–99.3). In conclusion, IOERT-boost appears to be safe, providing excellent local control for early-stage breast cancer. The safety and long-term efficacy should encourage use of this treatment, with the potential to reduce local recurrence.
Characterization of red ginseng–drug interaction by CYP3A activity increased in high dose administration in mice

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Ginseng ( Panax ginseng Meyer) is a popular traditional herbal medicine used worldwide. Patients often take ginseng preparations with other medicines where the ginseng dose could exceed the recommended dose during long‐term administration. However, ginseng–drug interactions at high doses of ginseng are poorly understood. This study showed the possibility of herb–drug interactions between the Korean red ginseng (KRG) extract and cytochrome P450 (CYP) substrates in higher administration in mice. The CYP activities were determined in vivo after oral administration of KRG extract doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg for 2 or 4 weeks by monitoring the concentration of five CYP substrates/metabolites in the blood. The area under the curve for OH‐midazolam/midazolam catalysed by CYP3A was increased significantly by the administration of 2.0 g/kg KRG extract for 2 and 4 weeks. CYP3A‐catalysed midazolam 1ʹ‐hydroxylation also increased significantly in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner in the S9 fraction of mouse liver which was not related to induction by transcription. Whereas CYP2D‐catalysed dextromethorphan O ‐deethylation decreased in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner in vivo. In conclusion, interactions were observed between KRG extract and CYP2D and CYP3A substrates at subchronic–high doses of KRG administration in mice.
Modelling free-form surfaces using a feature-based approach

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Different methods for free-form surface deformation have been developed in the last years to overcome difficulties in direct manipulation of surfaces. Even if these approaches are real improvements in the design workflow, they are still far from the stylists' requirements whose main target is the aesthetic shape. Feature-based approaches have been introduced to provide users with more intuitive tools improving interactivity without reducing their creativity. To couple the advantages of both approaches here we propose a hierarchical free-form features classification built on top of our surface deformation tool, where so-called Basic Shape Features and High Level Features form the two main classes on which basis a feature taxonomy is defined according to morphological and topological criteria.
West African Migrations to Italy: An Anthropological Analysis of Ghanaian and Senegalese Politics of Mobility in Emilia Romagna

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this article we combine a mobility perspective with a biographical approach to explore the Italian experience of Ghanaian and Senegalese migration emphasising expectations, obstacles and practices in contexts of uncertainty and precariousness. First, we provide readers with an historical background of West African migration to Italy, and Emilia Romagna in particular, from the end of the 1980s to the present. We highlight the link between migration laws and migratory trends. We then theoretically engage with the mobility paradigm and its impact on the socio-anthropological study of migration. Finally, we analyse biographical trajectories looking at the interplay between migrants' life strategies and shifting normative and economic structures. We conclude arguing that mobility seems to offer an effective research perspective for contemporary social anthropology by shedding light on plans, representations and tactics used by migrants in navigating economic and political constraints.