jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF CHOLESTEROL ADDITION TO THE SHRIMP DIET ON THE GROWTH AND FINISHING OF WHITE INDICUS PRAWN (PENAEUS INDICUS)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract. Population increase, enhancing demand for food, especially the optimal use of marine resources, low levels of production in shrimp farms, lack of planning, and pleasant nutrition in farms, requires that research projects on manual feeding in cultural farms of shrimp take place according to the conditions of each region. Recently, shrimp feeding in the world has been accompanied by various innovations in order to maximize the productivity of both the existing ecosystem and the physiological potential of this aquatic species. Cholesterol is one of the ingredients that, in addition to the urgent need for it to be used in the metabolic system to gain weight, as an essential nutrient, increases the number of molting and as a stimulantion for growth. In this regard, the present research, which is the first manual feeding in the Chah-Bahar region of Iran, evaluates the most appropriate and optimal amount of cholesterol in white indicus prawn (P.indicus) diets. In this research, different levels of artificial cholesterol levels of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1% of total feed were added to the shrimp feed of Iranian commercially pellets by dissolving in refined and spray soybean oil and then, in a 100 day culturing period in semi-intensive system, the effects of these cholesterol levels were evaluated and investigated. Finally, it was concluded that the addition of 0.5% artificial cholesterol in prawn (shrimp) diet, significantly increased levels of food intake by 0.05 and 0.01 probability level, the final weight gain of each shrimp and the increase in the final harvest of shrimp per unit area by using a completely randomized design (CRD). Also, adding this amount of cholesterol in shrimp dietaries has led to improved survival rate and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Keywords: Aquatic Food Industry, cholesterol, shrimp diet, white indicus prawn (Penaeus indicus)
Transient Numerical Simulation of Combustion in Inert Porous Media

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper presents methods for the time‐dependent numerical solution of a two‐dimensional model governing combustion an inert porous media. The spatial discretization is based on a mixed finite element method for the flow problem and a cell‐centered finite volume scheme for the transport equations. Some results of numerical simulations show the influence of a jump in the porosity of the solid matrix on the localization of the combustion zone.
Cytological events involved in glycoprotein synthesis in cellular and syncytial trophoblast of human placenta. An electron microscope autoradiographic study of [3H]galactose incorporation.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Electron microscope autoradiography was used to study glycoprotein synthesis in cellular trophoblast (cytotrophoblast) and syncytial trophoblast of term human placental villi incubated in vitro with D-[1-3H]galactose ([3H]gal). Autoradiographs were analyzed using the hypothetical grain analysis of Blackett and Parry (1973. J. Cell Biol. 57:9-15). The results of this study indicated that [3H]gal incorporation into term placental villi was predominantly localized to cytotrophoblast. Utilization of [3H]gal by term syncytial trophoblast was extremely low and yielded too few grains for a quantitative grain analysis. This result is in striking contrast to that found in the preceding study of [3H]leucine incorporation (Nelson, D. M., A. C. Enders, and B. F. King. 1978). Within cytotrophoblast, the rough endoplasmic reticulum incorporated the most [3H]gal into glycoprotein. The Golgi apparatus was another site of [3H]gal incorporation. The vast majority of the [3H]gal incorporated into cytotrophoblast during the pulse incubation remained intracellular through the duration of the experiment. There was little autoradiographic evidence for secretion of tritiated macromolecules. Cytotrophoblast incubated for the longest time period studied (4 h+) showed a substantial concentration of tritiated macromolecules in the Golgi complex and in the ground plasm but not in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Soilscape Analysis of Contrasting Glacial Terrains in Wisconsin

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Two Woodfordian glaciated regions in Wisconsin were analyzed to determine the impact of variable loess thickness and contrasting till texture on soil pattern and landscape properties. Each region consisted of a ground moraine/end moraine/outwash plain landform sequence. Data were compiled from soil and topographic maps. In addition to using standard methods of soilscape analysis, I used a natural soil drainage index, calculated from taxonomic data, to determine regional variability and pattern of soil wetness. Results indicate that soilscape variation within each region was large. There were no statistically significant differences, therefore, that could be attributed to known soil-forming processes or to parent material variability. Stratifying the data by geomorphic subregion rather than by region reduced the within-unit soil variability and resulted in numerous significant soilscape differences between subregions. The implication is that soilscape variability is large at the regional scale but converges rapidly with decreasing size of study area.
High Pressure Stabilizes the Elusive Hexacoordinated Carbon

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Unusually high coordination number for elements has been of great interest in chemistry. Herein, a new class of hexacoordinated carbon compounds with stoichiometry MCF 6 (M = Ca, Sr) at 400 and 500 GPa and K 2 CF 6 at 500 GPa is found using crystal structure predictions assisted by first‐principles calculations. . At high pressure, MCF 6 (M = Ca, Sr) adopts a trigonal structure ( R ) that is isomorphous with several other species with M II A IV F 6 (A = Si, Ge, and Sn) while K 2 CF 6 adopts a trigonal structure ( P m 1) akin to M 2 I A IV F 6 . Both the species are thermodynamically more stable than the bicomponent MF 2 /KF…CF 4 mixture at high‐pressure region. These solid‐state structures are dynamically stable over a wide range of pressure. For all cases, the main building block of the solid‐state structures is the [CF 6 ] 2− unit in which carbon attains a perfectly octahedral coordination of the six fluoride anions. The present study establishes new fluorine‐rich carbon compounds and predicts a new class of perfectly hexacoordinated carbon species. For the first time, the stabilization of [CF 6 ] 2− in the solid‐state is reported.
David Rothenberg and Korhan Erel: Berlin Bülbül

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

September 01 2016 David Rothenberg and Korhan Erel: Berlin Bülbül Seth Rozanoff Seth Rozanoff Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Seth Rozanoff Online Issn: 1531-5169 Print Issn: 0148-9267 © 2016 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.2016MIT Press Computer Music Journal (2016) 40 (3): 86–88. https://doi.org/10.1162/COMJ_r_00377 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Seth Rozanoff; David Rothenberg and Korhan Erel: Berlin Bülbül. Computer Music Journal 2016; 40 (3): 86–88. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/COMJ_r_00377 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsComputer Music Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.2016MIT Press Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Origin of the hot gas in low-mass protostars: Herschel-PACS spectroscopy of HH 46

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

'Water in Star-forming regions with Herschel' (WISH) is a Herschel Key Programme aimed at understanding the physical and chemical structure of young stellar objects (YSOs) with a focus on water and related species. The low-mass protostar HH 46 was observed with the Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) on the Herschel Space Observatory to measure emission in H2O, CO, OH, [OI], and [CII] lines located between 63 and 186 um. The excitation and spatial distribution of emission can disentangle the different heating mechanisms of YSOs, with better spatial resolution and sensitivity than previously possible. Far-IR line emission is detected at the position of the protostar and along the outflow axis. The OH emission is concentrated at the central position, CO emission is bright at the central position and along the outflow, and H2O emission is concentrated in the outflow. In addition, [OI] emission is seen in low-velocity gas, assumed to be related to the envelope, and is also seen shifted up to 170 km/s in both the red- and blue-shifted jets. Envelope models are constructed based on previous observational constraints. They indicate that passive heating of a spherical envelope by the protostellar luminosity cannot explain the high-excitation molecular gas detected with PACS, including CO lines with upper levels at >2500 K above the ground state. Instead, warm CO and H2O emission is probably produced in the walls of an outflow-carved cavity in the envelope, which are heated by UV photons and non-dissociative C-type shocks. The bright OH and [OI] emission is attributed to J-type shocks in dense gas close to the protostar. In the scenario described here, the combined cooling by far-IR lines within the central spatial pixel is estimated to be 2 \times 10-2 L_sun, with 60-80% attributed to J- and C-type shocks produced by interactions between the jet and the envelope.
The K-~+7:-d and K-~+Tc-n Final States in K-d Interactions

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

were studied in the 30in. MURA bubble chamber. The cross-sections were (130 :~ 30) and (1530 :~ 180) ~b respectively. The final state K-=+=-d was found to be dominated by K*(890) production, while the final state K-~+~-n proceeded substantially through the production of the double resonances K*°(890) A-(1236). The coherent reaction agrees fairly we]l with a multiperipheral model. The decay density matrix elements are presented in both the Gottfried-Jackson and helicity frames.
Final Technical Report

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Using current methods, oil and gas in the subsurface cannot be reliably predicted from seismic data. This causes domestic oil and gas fields to go undiscovered and unexploited, thereby increasing the need to import energy. The general objective of this study was to demonstrate a simple and effective methodology for estimating reservoir properties (gas saturation in particular, but also including lithology, net to gross ratios, and porosity) from seismic attenuation and other attributes using P and S-waves. Phase I specific technical objectives: â¢ Develop Empirical or Theoretical Rock Physics Relations for Qp and Qs â¢ Create P-wave and S-wave Synthetic Seismic Modeling Algorithms with Q â¢ Compute P-wave and S-wave Q Attributes from Multi-component Seismic Data All objectives defined in the Phase I proposal were accomplished. During the course of this project, a new class of seismic analysis was developed based on compressional and shear wave inelastic rock properties (attenuation). This method provides a better link between seismic data and the presence of hydrocarbons. The technique employs both P and S-wave data to better discriminate between attenuation due to hydrocarbons versus energy loss due to other factors such as scattering and geometric spreading. It was demonstrated that P and S attenuation can be computed from well log data and used to generate synthetic seismograms. Rock physics models for P and S attenuation were tested on a well from the Gulf of Mexico. The P and S-wave Q attributes were computed on multi-component 2D seismic data intersecting this well. These methods generated reasonable results, and most importantly, the Q attributes indicated gas saturation.
[The effect of exogenous iron on levels of adenosinetriphosphate and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in erythrocytes of men during extreme physical exertion].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Nine men were examined during a three-week training requiring much physical effort. They were given nutrient, "LIVEX", enriched with iron. Hematological parameters as well as concentration of erythrocyte ATP and 2,3-DPG were determined before and after the experiment. Hematological parameters were determined using standard methods while Boehringer's test (Germany) was used for determining ATP and 2,3-DPG. The level of reticular cells was statistically higher after the experiment, and the increase in ATP and 2,3-DPG concentration was insignificant. A positive adaptation of energy metabolism after exogenous iron administration during physical effort was discussed.
Separation of Transplutonium and Rare Earth Elements by Liquid—Liquid Extraction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A solvent extraction process for separating americium and curium from major portions of rare earths has been developed using tracer americium and curium. Rare earth elements are extracted from 10 M LiCl solutions (with HCl varying from 0.5 to 1.0 M) into 0.5 M mono-2-ethylhexyl orthophosphoric acid in xylene carrier. The americium and curium remain in the lithium chloride solution. Americium is separated from all rare earths, and curium from all rare earths except lanthanum by countercurrent extraction. The extractability of the rare earths, americium, and curium in 10 M LiCl is affected by the HCl feed, the rare earth concentrations in the feed, the organic extractant concentration, and the nature of the diluent.
Statistical and numerical study of the relationship between turbulence and sonic boom characteristics

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A statistical analysis of data collected by NASA during supersonic flight operations in the 1960’s shows that turbulence is related to characteristics of the sonic boom. Both convective and mechanical turbulence increase the rise times and produce peaked and rounded waveforms. Convective conditions are especially conducive to the formation of peaked waveforms. A physical model has been developed to investigate the interaction of sonic booms with turbulence. Scattering center-based calculations demonstrate that scattering from eddies with sizes from 10 to 100 m is effective in producing long rise times and all major types of non-N boom shapes.
Requirement for acetyl‐CoA carboxylase in Trypanosoma brucei is dependent upon the growth environment

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Summary Trypanosoma brucei , the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis, possesses two fatty acid synthesis pathways: a major de novo synthesis pathway in the ER and a mitochondrial pathway. The 2‐carbon donor for both pathways is malonyl‐CoA, which is synthesized from acetyl‐CoA by Acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC). Here, we show that T. brucei ACC shares the same enzyme architecture and moderate ∼30% identity with yeast and human ACCs. ACC is cytoplasmic and appears to be distributed throughout the cell in numerous puncta distinct from glycosomes and other organelles. ACC is active in both bloodstream and procyclic forms. Reduction of ACC activity by RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in a stage‐specific phenotype. In procyclic forms, ACC RNAi resulted in 50–75% reduction in fatty acid elongation and a 64% reduction in growth in low‐lipid media. In bloodstream forms, ACC RNAi resulted in a minor 15% decrease in fatty acid elongation and no growth defect in culture, even in low‐lipid media. However, ACC RNAi did attenuate virulence in a mouse model of infection. Thus the requirement for ACC in T. brucei is dependent upon the growth environment in two different life cycle stages.
Effects of home‐based exercise on motor, non‐motor symptoms and health‐related quality of life in Parkinsonʼs disease patients: A randomized controlled trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Aim To explore the effect of home‐based exercise on motor symptoms (MS), non‐motor symptoms (NMS), and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) in Parkinsonʼs disease (PD) patients. Methods This study was a randomized control trial with a convenience sample of 98 PD patients. Data were collected at baseline and interventions after 4 and 8 weeks. The exercise group was instructed to perform 150 min/week of exercise at home; the control group maintained their regular lifestyle. Questionnaires measured MS, NMS, and HRQOL. We also compare compliance and non‐compliance subgroups of the exercise group. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to determine the exercise effect of 120 and 150 min per week after testing for exercise times was at six time points (90–140 min). Results The exercise ( n = 49) and control groups ( n = 49) were homogeneous except for disease stage at baseline. Significant differences were found for depression, HRQOL, motor ability, activity of daily living, and fatigue ( p < .000) between the exercise and control groups, and also between the compliance and non‐compliance subgroups ( p < .05). The GEE revealed that exercising 150 min/week significantly improved HRQOL, depression, motor ability, ADL, fatigue, and sleep quality ( p < .05), though not anxiety, and exercising 120 min/week was also effective. Conclusions This home‐based exercise was effective in improving MS, NMS, and HRQOL. We recommend PD patients to exercise 30–50 min at least three times a week, or 10–15 min per session daily, to accumulate 120–150 min per week.
Prognostic value of mitral regurgitation in patients with heart failure undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a well-established treatment for specific groups of heart failure (HF) patients. CRT improves outcomes in ischemic and non-ischemic HF patients, depending on different predictors. Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a common echocardiographic finding with uncertain reported impact on prognosis. Purpose We sought to investigate clinical outcomes in HF patient undergoing CRT according to MR severity, for both ischemic and non-ischemic HF etiology. A transthoracic echocardiogram was performed before and 1-year after device-based therapy to all patients (in doubtful cases, a cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was also performed to evaluate the mitral regurgitant volume). Methods Single-center retrospective study of consecutive patients submitted to CRT implantation. Patients were stratified attending to MR at baseline and after CRT, as having significant (moderate and severe MR) or non-significant MR. The primary endpoint was a composite of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), including HF hospitalization or all-cause mortality. Sustained ventricular arrhythmic events were the secondary endpoint. Results 117 HF patients (mean age 71.1 ± 10.6 years, males 67.5%) were enrolled, 31.6% had an ischemic HF etiology and 23.9% were included in the baseline significant MR (SMR) group. Regarding baseline characteristics, 40.2% had atrial fibrillation (AF), 23.9% obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 9% peripheral artery disease (PAD). Patients in SMR group had more dyslipidemia (p = 0.026) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (median 25% vs 32%, p = 0.001). At 1-year of follow-up, 11.1% had significant MR, most (61.5%) with the same MR baseline degree and presented with higher NYHA class (p = 0.032). During the follow-up, 15.4% reached the primary endpoint while 8.5% the secondary endpoint. Ischemic etiology (p = 0.204, p = 0.191) and the severity of baseline MR (p = 0.106, p = 0.213) did not predict any of the endpoints. On the contrary, male gender (p = 0.033), alcohol consumption (p = 0.003), PAD (p = 0.004) and COPD (p = 0.005) were independent predictors for MACE endpoint at a multivariable analysis. For the secondary endpoint, PAD (p = 0.020) and AF (p = 0.001) were both significant predictors. Significant MR after CRT implantation was an independent strong predictor only for MACE outcome (HR 4.37, p = 0.014). Conclusions Baseline significant MR was not associated with clinical outcomes after CRT implantation. However, MR at follow-up was a strong determinant of higher mortality and HF hospitalizations in more symptomatic patients, regardless of HF etiology.
Performance Analysis of Firewall and Virtual Private Network (VPN) Usage in Video Conferencing Applications

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Rapid developments in information technologies have made these technologies indispensable elements of our lives with application areas such as e-government, e-commerce, e-health, e-learning. Particularly the global Covid-19 pandemic period has led to forced improvements in video conferencing applications, which enable users in different locations at the same time to communicate via video and audio over internet. Developments in technology, which cause the rapid increase of applications served over internet, also cause a significant increase in the number of devices connected to internet and the data traffic flowing over internet. As a result, the security needs of applications used over internet, such as video conferencing applications, are increasing in proportion to the increasing security threat risks. The use of firewall and VPN (Virtual Private Network) are the most basic security solutions for applications used over internet. A firewall is a device, which is positioned between a corporate network and the internet cloud, filtering incoming and outgoing traffic to and from the network according to defined rules. VPN, on the other hand, provides a secure point-to-point connection to a corporate network through the internet cloud. In this study, the effects of firewall and VPN usage in video conferencing applications were analyzed in terms of application performance. In video conferencing applications; since there is a real-time, bidirectional and large-scale data flow between the participants, delay and packet loss determine the performance of these applications. Analyzing how these applications perform when used with firewalls and VPN will guide further improvements in network protocols, components and related applications. In the study in which the simulation method was used, the data obtained from the simulation of different scenarios created with the OPNET tool were analyzed comparatively.