jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Comparison of standard and gender-specific posterior-cruciate-retaining high-flexion total knee replacements

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We undertook a study in which 138 female patients with a mean age of 71.2 years (51 to 82) received a standard NexGen CR-flex prosthesis in one knee and a gender-specific NexGen CR-flex prosthesis in the other. The mean follow-up period was 3.25 years (3.1 to 3.5). The aspect ratios of the standard and gender-specific prostheses were compared with that of the distal femur. The mean post-operative Knee Society knee scores were 94 (70 to 100) and 93 (70 to 100) points and the function scores were 83 (60 to 100) and 84 (60 to 100) points for the standard implants and the gender-specific designs, respectively. The mean post-operative Western Ontario and McMaster Universities score was 26.4 points (0 to 76). Patient satisfaction, the radiological results and the complication rates were similar in the two groups. In those with a standard prosthesis, the femoral component was closely matched in 80 knees (58.0%), overhung in 14 (10.1%) and undercovered the bone in 44 (31.9%). In those with a gender-specific prosthesis, it was closely matched in 15 knees (10.9%) and undercovered the bone in 123 (89.1%). Since we found no significant differences between the two groups with regard to the clinical and radiological results, patient satisfaction or complication rate, the goal of the design of the gender-specific CR-flex prosthesis to improve the outcome was not achieved in our patients.
Canada geological map compilation

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Canada Geological Map Compilation (CGMC) is a database of previously published bedrock geological maps sourced from provincial, territorial, and other geological survey organizations. The geoscientific information included within these source geological maps was standardized, translated to English, and combined to provide complete coverage of Canada and support a range of down-stream machine learning applications. Detailed lithological, mineralogical, metamorphic, lithostratigraphic, and lithodemic information was not previously available as one national-scale product. The source map data was also enhanced by correcting geometry errors and through the application of a new hierarchical generalized lithology classification scheme to subdivide the original rocks types into 35 classes. Each generalized lithology is associated with a semi-quantitative measure of classification uncertainty. Lithostratigraphic and lithodemic names included within the source maps were matched with the Lexicon of Canadian Geological Names (Weblex) wherever possible and natural language processing was used to transform all of the available text-based information into word tokens. Overlapping map polygons and boundary artifacts across political boundaries were not addressed as part of this study. As a result, the CGMC is a patchwork of overlapping bedrock geological maps with varying scale (1:30,000-1:5,000,000), publication year (1996-2023), and reliability. Preferred geological and geochronological maps of Canada are presented as geospatial rasters based on the best available geoscientific information extracted from these overlapping polygons for each map pixel. New higher resolution geological maps will be added over time to fill data gaps and to update geoscientific information for future applications of the CGMC.
Creating practices and strategies towards persistence for undeclared, Black males at Predominately White Institutions (PWIs)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The majority of research on Black males highlights the problems or barriers faced by this demographic due to the low retention and completion rates. A factor that is often not discussed when students enter college is their decision around initially declaring a major and its future impact on their persistence and college completion. This chapter explores practices and strategies for senior administrators in higher education to assist undeclared, Black male students at Predominately White Institutions (PWIs) toward persistence and ultimately college completion. The recommendations for practice in this chapter offer tangible tools to create a positive campus experience for Black male collegians, as well as educate and hold members of the campus community accountable.
Review of trends in excitation systems and possible future developments

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Turbine-generator excitation system practice began to undergo a widespread and radical change in the early 1960s as the availability of high-power semiconductor devices promised significant improvements in both performance and reliability. Since that time, semiconductor technology has progressed steadily and its exploitation has been largely responsible for excitation system development being able to keep pace with that of the generators themselves. The demand for advanced equipment of ever greater power-handling capability has been satisfied with less difficulty than could otherwise have been the case. As to the future, improvements in the dynamic performance of electrohydraulic speed governing systems may lead to a relaxation of demand on excitation systems.
Chrysin induces death of prostate cancer cells by inducing ROS and ER stress

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Chrysin is a natural flavone found in numerous plant extracts, honey, and propolis that has multiple biological activities including anti‐cancer effects. Understanding of biological mechanisms mediated in response to chrysin in cancerous cells may provide novel insight into chemotherapeutic approaches with reduced side effects in cancers. In the present study, we investigated functional roles of chrysin in progression of prostate cancer cells using DU145 and PC‐3 cell lines. The results showed that chrysin induced apoptosis of cells evidenced by DNA fragmentation and increasing the population of both DU145 and PC‐3 cells in the sub‐G 1 phase of the cell cycle. In addition, chrysin reduced expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the prostate cancer cell lines compared to untreated prostate cancer cells. Moreover, chrysin induced loss of mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), while increasing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation in a dose‐dependent manner. Also, it induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) proteins including PRKR‐like ER kinase (PERK), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), and 78 kDa glucose‐regulated protein (GRP78) in DU145 and PC‐3 cells. The chrysin‐mediated intracellular signaling pathways suppressed phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) and the abundance of AKT, P70S6K, S6, and P90RSK proteins, but stimulated mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPK) and activation of ERK1/2 and P38 proteins in the prostate cancer cells. Collectively, these results indicate that chrysin initiates cell death through induction of mitochondrial‐mediated apoptosis and ER stress, and regulation of signaling pathways responsible for proliferation of prostate cancer cells.
WINTER WHEAT BREEDING IN ALTAY

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Soft spring wheat is the main grain crop in Altay and it occupies more than 2 mln hectare. In 2015 the harvesting area of winter wheat was about 84000 ha, which was 4% less than that of spring wheat. Being highly vulnerable to Siberian winter the crop has limited distribution and grows well in the areas with good and steady reserves of snow. With good overwintering the productivity of winter wheat exceeds the productivity of spring wheat by 1,5-2 times. At present two varieties ‘Zhatva Altaya’ and ‘Zimushka’ developed in Altay RIA are introduced into the Register of the varieties approved for use in the West-Siberia region and the variety ‘Metelitsa’ is in the process of State Variety Testing. For the conditions of Siberia frost tolerance as the principal component of winter tolerance is the most essential property of the crop. The study of the varieties developed by All-Russian RIGC named after I.G. Kalinenko (town of Zernograd, Rostov region) in different conditions allowed finding the sources of useful properties. All varieties of ARRIGC are stable to lodging, they form large grain and with good overwintering they give the same or better productivity as the Siberian varieties. But in the hard conditions only the varieties ‘Izyuminka’ and ‘Stanichnaya’ showed the same productivity as the variety ‘Zhatva Altaya’. Such varieties as ‘Asket’, ‘Stanichnaya’, ‘Pamyati Kalinenko’, ‘Izyuminka’, ‘Dar Zernograda’ have been introduced in the program of hybridization of winter wheat genotypes for the conditions of Siberia.
The Collaborative Governance In The Devolopment Of Street Vendor Kanre’ Rong Karebosi in Makassar City

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to examine and analyze how the development of Street Vendors in the City of Makassar through the Kanre Rong Karebosi program and how the collaboration of the Makassar city government with the Bank BNI Makassar Region through the Kanre Rong Karebosi program in developing street ven
Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Pyrylium Tetrafluoroborates: Application to Synthesis of Katritzky Salts and Photoinduced Cationic RAFT Polymerization

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Katritzky salts have emerged as effective alkyl radical sources upon metal- or photocatalysis. These are typically prepared from the corresponding triarylpyrylium ions, in turn an important class of photocatalysts for small molecules synthesis and photopolymerization. Here, a flow method for the rapid synthesis of both pyrylium and Katrizky salts in a telescoped fashion is reported. Moreover, several pyrylium salts were tested in the photoinduced RAFT polymerization of vinyl ethers under flow and batch conditions.
PREDNISONE (METICORTEN) IN TREATMENT OF ACQUIRED HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The demonstration that prednisone (Meticorten) could be used as effectively in the treatment of rheumatic diseases as cortisone without many of cortisone's undesirable side-effects suggested its trial in the treatment of acquired hemolytic anemia. It had been shown that corticosteroids depress the rate of hemolysis or diminish the titer of antibody, thus enabling the overly active erythropoiesis to reach a satisfactory equilibrium with the peripheral red blood cell count. Where long-term therapy is indicated, the elimination of sodium retention, hypertension, and diabetogenic effects of these drugs would be advantageous. The availability of prednisone in the past year has made possible the treatment of the following three cases of acquired hemolytic anemia. REPORT OF CASES Case 1.—A woman, aged 24, was first seen in 1950 with the acute onset of weakness, anorexia, and anemia of one week's duration. On admission to the hospital, pallor, icterus, and splenomegaly of 4 cm. below
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) modeling using parallel way of identification

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This work introduces a parallel way of identifying an SCR model in coal-fired power plant. In order to avoid large disturbance in excitation, we perform two iterations of the identification test. Asymptotic method (ASYM) is used in two tests and model quality improves gradually. Based on the analysis of costs and model quality with industrial data, we verified the effectiveness of the method.
Rispana River- Responsible Factors of Water Pollution in Dehradun Valley

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The River that flows into the city of Dehradun is Rispana which furthermoves and joins the river Suswa which is the tributary of the Ganges. Rispana flows between the city of Dehradun and the pollution of the city flows through this river and reaches the Ganges. This river has come in the middle of the city due to increasing population and urbanization whereas earlier this river used to determine the eastern boundary of Dehradun city. Water is needed for the maintenance of life of plants and animals, for navigation, hydroelectric power and for disposal of sewage. For survival, man requires 1 kg of food, drink 2litres of water and 22 kg air to breathe daily. Supplies for fresh water also provide the aquatic organisms with dissolved oxygen and some essential minerals and nutrient making it indeed the most vital element for life. That is why most of our villages, towns and cities sprang up in the past near places where plentiful water was available in the form of lakes and rivers. History tells us that human civilizations perished or migrated to better locations in the absence or scarcity of water. In primitive ages the man used to live near the river. The greatest use of water was for irrigation and agricultural pursuits, while only the people consumed a small amount. The use of water for drinking and cooling was limited to the amount that people could easily take from the wells or the stream in their vessels. The management and conservation of water resources have become important issues. Water is by far the most important natural resource and an environmental medium, which is most susceptible topollution. The most important contributors to pollution of water are sewage, oil, industrial and agricultural wastes. These can be divided as degradable and non-degradable. Degradabble pollutants, mostly domestic sewage, can be rapidly decomposed by natural process. This research paper presenting the actual condition related to water pollution and responsible pollutants in Dehradun Valley.
Sedimentary and Early Diagenetic Responses to the Huaiyuan Movement During the Early–Middle Ordovician Transition in the Ordos Basin, North China

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The early Paleozoic Huaiyuan Movement created a major unconformity in the Ordos Basin, significantly influencing sedimentation and early diagenesis in both the overlying and underlying strata near the unconformity. However, the origins of the associated dolomite and silica near this unconformity remain poorly understood. This study aims to reveal how this tectonic event controlled the Early–Middle Ordovician sedimentary environments and early diagenetic processes. The petrological and geochemical results indicate a progressive transition from a dolomitic tidal flat to an intra-platform depression, culminating in a mixed tidal flat during the Early-to-Middle Ordovician, driven by the Huaiyuan Movement. Furthermore, this movement, accompanied by intense weathering and erosion, increased the supply of marine dissolved silica (DSi) and terrestrial nutrients. Consequently, extensive tidal-edge biogenic silica accumulated, which later precipitated as siliceous-cemented dolomite during a shallow-burial stage. We propose a conceptual model of the sedimentary–early diagenetic processes in response to the Huaiyuan Movement, providing novel insights into the regional paleoenvironmental evolution across the Early–Middle Ordovician transition in the Ordos Basin.
Pupillometry in conjugation with automatic parking as a tool of automobile safety

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This abstract proposes a novel approach to prevent accidents when the driver becomes unconscious or if he is in an intoxicated state. An integrated system of sensors and alarms are designed for the same. Using a high-resolution eye camera, pupil dilation is detected and tested against a pre-determined set of data value to confirm the persons mental stability. A non-invasive method is employed to check the pulse rate and body temperature and they are recorded and juxtaposing monitored in real time for any pre-indication of a cardiac arrest and other conditions. Using real-time parking availability, the automobile is parked in pilot areas using robust lane detection method which is done by extracting the lane edges. Infra-red automobile anti-collision device, detects the obstacles surrounding the vehicle, calculating its impact on the vehicle and thus automatically enabling the anticollision function, resulting in smooth parking of automobile in pilot area. Instantly an indication is sent from the Bluetooth of the automobile, to the emergency contact, calling in for the attention to the driver.
Exploiting force feedback in pilot training and control of an underwater robotics vehicle: an implementation in LabVIEW

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A training and control system has been initialized for an underwater robotics vehicle (URV). The topside controllers linked through Internet/User Datagram Protocol consist of the operator control panel, dynamic module and 3D virtual display developed using LabVIEW and WorldToolKit. It is well known that force feedback can be employed to enhance the touch perception in the virtual environment (VE). The paper presents the control strategy of force feedback using a commercially inexpensive force feedback joystick and its implementation in LabVIEW. The pilot can steer and guide the vehicle using the joystick with two basic behavior force modes, namely joystick based behavioral effects and vehicle dynamic based behavioral effects. When the vehicle in the virtual environment approaches an obstacle, the operator can experience a "wall" force that will prevent the vehicle from collision. However, in the event of collision, either due to the operator's mishandling or unknown water current interference, a vibration force is used to simulate this event. All these force effects are generated to enhance haptic perceptions for the operator in the real underwater environment while interacting with the simulation. The paper gives the interface design of joystick force functions in LabVIEW environment. Instead of hardwired control consoles, LabVIEW based user interfaces have been developed in the URV topside control system because LabVIEW is a powerful graphical language with friendly human interaction where prototyping and modification are easy and flexible.
INVESTIGATION ON HETERODERA SCHACHTII IN LANCASHIRE AND CHESHIRE PART I. THE INFESTATION IN CERTAIN AREAS AS REVEALED BY CYST COUNTS; AN ESTIMATION OF THE ERRORS INVOLVED IN THE TECHNIQUE AND A CORRELATION WITH INTENSITY OF DISEASE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

SUMMARY. Heterodera schacJitii has been identified in many parts of Lancashire and Cheshíre where severe losses have resulted from failure of the potato crop. A detailed study of the errors involved in the technique of a method for estimating the infestation has been made. The degree of infestation, as determined by cyst counts, has been compared with records of crop failure. The conclusions that have been drawn are to the effect that: (a) where “eelworm disease” has been noted recently there is a positive association of intensity of disease and cyst content of the soil; b ) where the disease was observed three or four years ago, disease and crop failure are always associated with a high cyst content of the soil, but there may be a moderately high infestation without apparent diminution of crop yield.
Enantiomeric Analysis of Clenbuterol in Chinese People by LC–MS/MS to Distinguish Doping Abuse from Meat Contamination

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aim: Follow-up investigations are often required for clenbuterol-positive cases. A method to distinguish doping abuse from meat contamination was developed. Materials & methods: A total of 26 volunteers were recruited to ingest clenbuterol contaminated-pork and clenbuterol tablets. Results: For 20 volunteers, after ingestion of contaminated-pork, R-(-)/S-(+)-clenbuterol ratio was <1.0, while the value was >1.0 after taking clenbuterol tablets. However, after taking clenbuterol tablets, some ratio points of the other six volunteers were between 0.9 and 1.0. A case of an abnormal cold and fever, which returned to normal after recovery, was also reported firstly. Conclusion: A change in R-(-)/S-(+)-clenbuterol was reported in the Chinese population initially. A ratio of 0.9 was recommended in doping related cases for the Chinese population.
[Developing COPD--25 years follow-up study of the general population].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Smokers are more prone to developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) than non-smokers. This knowledge comes from studies spanning 10 years or less. We used data from The Copenhagen City Heart Study to determine the 25-year absolute risk of developing COPD in healthy individuals. The 25-year incidence of moderate and severe COPD was 20.7% and 3.6%, respectively. Smoking cessation, especially early in the course of the follow-up, decreased the risk substantially. The absolute risk of developing COPD among smokers is at least 25%, which is higher than previously anticipated.
Age Regression to Infancy by Adult Subjects in Deep Hypnosis

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract An experiment in age regression to early infancy is described. Three groups are distinguished on the basis of their changed states of consciousness and reaction to hypnotic suggestions. Conclusions are that reproduction under hypnosis of the components of infancy and early childhood is in a certain degree possible. A particular change of consciousness and self-consciousness depends on the depth of the hypnotic process and on the nature of the suggestion of the hypnotist and their qualitative realization.
Evaluating Women's Empowerment: Experimenting with a Creative Participatory Self-evaluation Methodology in Papua New Guinea

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article introduces a participatory evaluation methodology that can be used with very low literacy groups of women to capture change experienced in their voice, participation, and decision-making abilities at the household and community levels. Central to this methodology is the process utilised to enable a personal determination of the level of change that has taken place according to individual baselines and circumstances, and using this information to present a more accurate picture of how much change has occurred for some women versus others and use percentage break-ups to show the different change-level-groups of women in a community. Whereas one can easily make the mistake of generalising change levels for all the women based on the responses of a few outspoken ones, this evaluation methodology captures the richness and diversity that exists even among a small group of women. Utilising such an evaluation approach makes one recognise the complexities that come with measuring change in women's voice, participation and decision-making in very low literacy settings. Developed in haste and used for an internal CARE International end-of-project evaluation in early 2014, the author shares her original experience of utilising this new self-developed participatory evaluation methodology. The article is sequenced so that the reader is presented with the circumstances out of which this evaluation methodology was developed, the benefits discovered from utilising it, shortfalls of the original methodology, and improvements that will be made to further develop and strengthen the methodology.
[Developmental anomalies of thoracic and lumbosacral vertebral column with diastematomyelia: case report].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Patient, 37-years old, female, admitted to Department of Neurology, with intensive lower back pain and weakness of right lower extremity. Radiological evaluation showed developmental anomalies of spinal cord and vertebral column, with double spinal cord Th10-S1. The mechanism of described clinical symptoms is due to affixed spinal cord syndrome. According to current literature we presented the mechanism of anomaly development. The above case was classified as the second type of split cord malformations.