jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Implementing Change in the Cardiac Operating Rooms

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Change is occurring rapidly throughout healthcare. The effects of these changes are felt at the global, national, state, and organizational level. At a large, Midwest teaching institution, there are many initiatives that must be implemented throughout the organization quickly. In this organization, eight cardiac operating rooms are constantly experiencing change. Successful implementation of changes in policies, procedures, and practice is essential to providing the best possible care for the patients in cardiac surgery.\nThe purpose of this system change project was to increase staff involvement in the change process by discussing barriers to implementation, and allowing cardiac surgery staff to successfully implement, embed and sustain change within a system. The staff included the registered nurses, certified surgical technologists, and certified surgical assistants that work in the cardiac operating rooms.\nThe project utilized action research and a quality improvement framework using mixed methods. It involved two phases. Phase I was a qualitative design used to gain an understanding of the perceptions of registered nurses, certified surgical technologists, and certified surgical assistants in the cardiac operating rooms about the current process for communicating and implementing changes in policies, procedures, and practice. Phase II involved implementing the solutions identified by the cardiac surgery staff and evaluating the outcomes.\nThe three solutions implemented were (a) to provide staff information on changes before they will be implemented, (b) to utilize electronic resources for surgeon preferences, and (c) to implement a communication board in the cardiac office. Only the effectiveness of the process for updating surgeon preferences (x\n2 = 18.83; p=.001) was found to be statistically significant. Although not statistically significant, there were positive trends for all of the solutions.\nUnderstanding how the process for communicating and implementing changes affect staff can help guide future initiatives. Integrating individuals in the process of change from the beginning provides the opportunity for staff engagement. When staff feel they have ownership of the process, successful adoption of change is likely to follow.\nThis systems change project has laid the groundwork for future work in change implementation, and provided an opportunity for future improvements in the cardiac operating rooms. Additional research is needed to understand what creates resistance in groups. Also, more information is needed on how change processes should occur. It will be essential to continue work related to change implementation to build the knowledge base as to what works best for the organization, so the best care is provided to patients.
Enhanced Kinase Dictionaries associated with KinDER: A Biocuration Tool for Extracting Kinase Knowledge from Biomedical Literature

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This zip file contains Kinase dictionaries used for annotating documents with KinDER described in the following paper: Dopp, Daniel, Adam Morrone, and Indika Kahanda. "KinDER: A Biocuration Tool for Extracting Kinase Knowledge from Biomedical Literature." Proceedings of the BioCreative VI Workshop. 2017.
Factors Affecting the Impaired Hepatic Uptake of Chylomicron Remnants in the Cholestatic Rat

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

We have previously shown that bile duct ligation inhibits the hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants in rats. In the present study we have investigated different possible causes of this inhibition. Intravenous infusion of bile or sodium taurocholate reduced the hepatic chylomicron remnant uptake. Perfused livers from bile duct-ligated rats metabolized chylomicron remnants at a reduced rate. Rat hepatocyte monolayer cultures metabolized remnants formed in cholestatic rats and those formed in hepatectomized animals equally well, but serum from cholestatic rats inhibited remnant uptake more strongly than control serum. Bile duct ligation did not influence the clearance from plasma of human low-density lipoprotein, and the inhibition of hepatic remnant uptake was not affected by treatment of cholestatic rats with ethinylestradiol. The clearance of 125I-labeled asialofetuin was only slightly impaired by cholestasis, indicating that no strong inhibition of all endocytic processes of the hepatocytes occurred. The reduced hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants in the cholestatic rat is thus not due to formation of abnormal remnant particles. An increased plasma bile acid concentration rapidly reduced the hepatic remnant uptake without causing any significant hyperlipidemia. However, the pathological lipoproteins accumulating in the cholestatic rat aggravated the hepatic uptake defect even further.
Six‐Degree‐of‐Freedom Broadband Seismogeodesy by Combining Collocated High‐Rate GNSS, Accelerometers, and Gyroscopes

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Combining collocated high‐rate Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and accelerometers produces broadband seismogeodetic displacements. However, accelerometer data must be heavily downweighted due to their baseline errors originating primarily in instrument rotations, and therefore their contribution to seismogeodetic displacements is seriously underestimated. We further introduced a gyroscope into this classic seismogeodesy to mitigate baseline errors and formulated advanced six‐degree‐of‐freedom (6‐DOF) seismogeodesy without undervaluing accelerometer data. A shake table holding one GNSS antenna, four accelerometers, and one gyroscope was used to simulate waveforms from the 2010 Mw 7.2 El Mayor‐Cucapah earthquake. We found that the displacements derived from the 6‐DOF seismogeodesy were up to 68% more accurate than those from the classic seismogeodesy over 0.04–0.4 Hz. Moreover, broadband rotations containing the permanent components were also generated, which were unachievable by integrating gyroscope data. We believe that the 6‐DOF seismogeodesy is capable of improving both source rupture studies of large earthquakes and high‐rise monitoring under strong seismic waves.
E2F4DN Transgenic Mice: A Tool for the Evaluation of E2F4 as a Therapeutic Target in Neuropathology and Brain Aging

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

E2F4 was initially described as a transcription factor with a key function in the regulation of cell quiescence. Nevertheless, a number of recent studies have established that E2F4 can also play a relevant role in cell and tissue homeostasis as well as tissue regeneration. For these non-canonical functions, E2F4 can also act in the cytoplasm, where it is able to interact with many homeostatic and synaptic regulators. Since E2F4 is expressed in the nervous system, it may fulfill a crucial role in brain function and homeostasis, being a promising multifactorial target for neurodegenerative diseases and brain aging. The regulation of E2F4 is complex as it can be chemically modified through acetylation, from which we present evidence in the brain, as well as methylation, and phosphorylation. The phosphorylation of E2F4 within a conserved threonine motif induces cell cycle re-entry in neurons, while a dominant negative form of E2F4 (E2F4DN), in which the conserved threonines have been substituted by alanines, has been shown to act as a multifactorial therapeutic agent for Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease (AD). We have generated transgenic mice neuronally expressing E2F4DN. We have recently shown using this mouse strain that expression of E2F4DN in 5xFAD mice, a known murine model of AD, improved cognitive function, reduced neuronal tetraploidization, and induced a transcriptional program consistent with modulation of amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide proteostasis and brain homeostasis recovery. 5xFAD/E2F4DN mice also showed reduced microgliosis and astrogliosis in both cerebral cortex and hippocampus at 3-6 months of age. Here we have analyzed the immune response in 1 year-old 5xFAD/E2F4DN mice, concluding that reduced microgliosis and astrogliosis is maintained at this late stage. In addition, the expression of E2F4DN also reduced age-associated microgliosis in wild-type mice, thus stressing its role as a brain homeostatic agent. We conclude that E2F4DN transgenic mice represent a promising tool for the evaluation of E2F4 as a therapeutic target in neuropathology and brain aging.
Whole-transcriptome analysis links trastuzumab sensitivity of breast tumors to both HER2 dependence and immune cell infiltration

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

While results thus far demonstrate the clinical benefit of trastuzumab, some patients do not respond to this therapy. To identify a molecular predictor of trastuzumab benefit, we conducted whole-transcriptome analysis of primary HER2+ breast carcinomas obtained from patients treated with trastuzumab-containing therapies and correlated the molecular portrait with treatment benefit. The estimated association between gene expression and relapse-free survival allowed development of a trastuzumab risk model (TRAR), with ERBB2 and ESR1 expression as core elements, able to identify patients with high and low risk of relapse. Application of the TRAR model to 24 HER2+ core biopsies from patients treated with neo-adjuvant trastuzumab indicated that it is predictive of trastuzumab response. Examination of TRAR in available whole-transcriptome datasets indicated that this model stratifies patients according to response to trastuzumab-based neo-adjuvant treatment but not to chemotherapy alone. Pathway analysis revealed that TRAR-low tumors expressed genes of the immune response, with higher numbers of CD8-positive cells detected immunohistochemically compared to TRAR-high tumors. The TRAR model identifies tumors that benefit from trastuzumab-based treatment as those most enriched in CD8-positive immune infiltrating cells and with high ERBB2 and low ESR1 mRNA levels, indicating the requirement for both features in achieving trastuzumab response.
State of Utah v. Lisa Sykes : Brief of Appellant

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

BRIEF OF APPELLANT Appeal from a judgment and conviction for Possession of Controlled Substance, a third degree felony, in violation of Utah Code Ann. Â§ 58-37-8(1)(a)(iv) (1953 as amended), in the Third Judicial District Court in and for Salt Lake County, State of Utah, the Honorable James S. Sawaya, Judge, presiding.
INFLUENCE OF AXIAL DEFORMED BARS AND LATERAL REINFORCEMENT ON EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT PROPERTIES OF PRC PILES

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the results of experimental tests completed to investigate influences of axial deformed bars and lateral reinforcement on the earthquake-resistant properties of PRC piles. 14 specimens (13 PRC piles and 1 PHC pile), whose hollow spaces were filled with the normal concrete, were tested. The specimens were subjected to reverse cyclic loading under a constant axial loading. Experimental results show that,・when properly reinforced with axial deformed bars and lateral reinforcement, PRC piles can exhibit stable hysteretic behavior and significant ductility.
“I'm his brain”: A qualitative study of care partners supporting the inner strength of persons living with mild cognitive impairment

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract BACKGROUND Despite the need, care partners of persons living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) use supportive services less. The unique needs of care partners to persons living with MCI are not well described. This study explores how care partners support the inner strength of persons newly diagnosed with MCI. METHODS Nine dyads of persons living with MCI and their care partners completed semi‐structured interviews, analyzed according to the Listening Guide methodology. RESULTS Care partners described supporting inner strengths of persons living with MCI by carrying the cognitive load and being reliable. Reconceptualizing identity was foundational. Across themes, care partners needed simultaneous support for themselves. DISCUSSION This study represents the perspectives of a well‐defined group of care partners to persons living with MCI. Eliciting the perspectives of underrepresented care partners and equitable access to MCI diagnosis are essential for future research. Dyadic supportive services tailored for MCI using a strengths‐based approach are needed. Highlights Care partners to persons living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are unique. Care partners support inner strength of persons living with MCI and need simultaneous support. Care partners reconceptualize their identities, are reliable, and carry cognitive load. Methods for eliciting perspectives of underrepresented care partners are needed. Supportive services tailored for MCI using a strengths‐based approach are needed.
High incidence and regional distribution of cleft palate in Finns are associated with a functional variant in an IRF6 enhancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract In Finland the frequency of isolated cleft palate (CP) is higher than that of isolated cleft lip (CL) or cleft lip with cleft palate (CLP). This trend contrasts to that in other countries but its genetic underpinnings are unknown. We performed a genome-wide association study for orofacial cleft, which includes CL, CLP, and CP in the Finnish population. We identified rs570516915, a single nucleotide polymorphism that is virtually specific to Finns and Estonians, as being strongly associated with orofacial cleft, and predominantly with CP (p = 5.25 x 10 -34 , OR = 8.65, 95% CI 6.11-12.25). The risk allele frequency for rs570516915 parallels the regional variation of CP prevalence in Finland, and the association was replicated in an independent sample of CP cases from Estonia (p < 1.3 x 10 -11 ). The rs570516915 variant lies in an IRF6 (Interferon Regulatory Factor 6) enhancer active in ectodermal and oral epithelial cells. Other variants in the IRF6 locus, including those in the same enhancer, are associated with orofacial cleft, but predominantly with CL or CLP, suggesting shared mechanisms in the distinct processes of lip and palate development. By luciferase and transgenic mouse reporter assays we found that the risk allele of rs570516915 diminishes the activity of the enhancer. CRISPR-Cas9 edited oral epithelial cells demonstrate that rs570516915 disrupts an IRF6 binding site and decreases the expression of IRF6 , suggesting impaired IRF6 autoregulation as the molecular mechanism underlying risk for CP.
Manufacturers' Involvement in In-store Visual Merchandising, with a Focus on Digital Technologies

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

New technologies are reshaping the retail industry and have become a significant driver of customer value creation and retail profitability. In the academic literature, these technologies have been generally studied either from the retailer’s perspective or from the consumer’s perspective, but to our knowledge never from the manufacturer’s perspective. However, manufacturers are heavily involved in how their products and brands are stocked, displayed and sold by retailers, and invest significant resources in visual merchandising activities. It follows that manufacturers who sell through retail stores can take a significant stake in the development and implementation of new technologies to enhance their customers’ experience and to increase the effectiveness of their brand’s visual merchandising. An empirical research on a sample of 145 manufacturers of the grocery industry in Italy shows that: a) visual merchandising activities are oriented mainly to improve retail in-store efficiency, i.e. to optimize space management; b) there are four segments of manufacturers who assign different priorities to visual merchandising; and c) in each segment there is a very high variance in the willingness to implement in-store digital. Results confirm that in-store digital technologies are still an area of experimentation and test to estimate the effectiveness of digital tools.
Surgically Curable Pulmonary Hypertension: A View From the Experts

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Five physicians addressed important issues in the diagnosis and management of patients with pulmonary thromboembolic disease. The roundtable discussion was moderated by Victor F. Tapson, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, and included William Auger, MD, Professor of Clinical Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Medical Center, San Diego, California; Peter Fedullo, MD, Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Medical Center; Eckhard Mayer, MD, Professor of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital, Mainz, Germany; and Christopher McGregor, MD, Professor of Surgery, Consultant in Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, and Director of the Mayo Clinic William J von Liebig Transplant Center, Rochester, Minnesota.
Rheology and Stability of Non-Aqueous Micro Bubble Based Drilling Fluids

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The micro bubble (colloidal gas aphron) based drilling fluids have the unique pore blocking ability which helps reducing the drilling fluid invasion into the reservoir. The effects of time, temperature and pressure on the size and stability of the microbubbles need to be better understood in order to design a fluid that will have minimum filtration loss into high permeability zones. A non-aqueous micro bubble based drilling fluid was formulated by using mineral oil (light paraffin oil composed mainly of alkanes and cyclic paraffins) as a base fluid, an oil soluble polymer (Styrene Ethylene/ Propylene Linear copolymer) and a non-ionic oil-soluble surfactant (Sorbitan Fatty Acid Ester). The effect of polymer and surfactant concentration on the aphronized drilling fluid characteristics was studied earlier to formulate an optimum drilling fluid composition. In this study, effects of temperature and pressure on the rheology, filtration loss characteristics, and the stability of non- aqueous micro bubble based drilling fluids were investigated. PVT analysis was also conducted to develop an equation of state for non-aqueous micro bubble based drilling fluids.
Study on extraction and antioxidant activity of protein from Chinese chive seed

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The preparation and antioxidant activity of protein from defatted Chinese chive seed powder by phosphate buffer extraction method were studied. With the leek seed protein extraction ratio,DPPH radical scavenging rate and·OH radical scavenging rate ability as index,it explored the effect of extraction temperature,extraction time,pH and solid-liquid ratio for each three levels on polypeptide material extraction of leek seed and maked L9(34) orthogonal test to determine the optimal preparation conditions. The optimal technological conditions were as follows:extraction temperature 48℃,extraction time 1.5h,pH7.5 and the ratio of solid-liquid1∶10 and the largest amount of extracted protein could reach 9.87%. When the leek seed protein concentration were 1mg/mL and 2mg/mL,the OH· and DPPH· removal rate were 73.37% and 25.2% respectively. The protein from defatted Chinese chive seed with the phosphate buffer solution had antioxidant activity.
Synthesis of phenyl analog of retinoic acid methyl ester proceeding from 3-(bromomethyl)but-3-enal diethylacetal

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Aromatic analog of retinoic acid methyl ester was prepared using a convenient prenylating agent, 3-(bromomethyl)but-3-enal diethylacetal, and Barbier reaction in the key stage of building up the carbon chain of target molecules. A version is offered of the synthesis of methylidene analog of aromatic retinoic acid.
The Effect of Zingiber officinale on the Spleen Tissue and Antibody Titer of Broiler Chickens

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Introduction Increasing the immune system's function of fighting infectious diseases is very important in the poultry industry. Ginger, scientifically known as Zingiber officinale, belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. The use of ginger in the diet of poultry increases serum levels of superoxide dismutase enzymes and glutathione peroxidase, which are considered to be important antioxidant enzymes. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of ginger on the spleen tissue of broiler chickens. Material and Methods The specimens comprised 2 groups of 20 Ross breed broiler chicks, for 42 days and were then, examined and tested. The diet was supplemented with 1 g/kg of ginger powder from the beginning of the rearing period. Blood samples of the chicks were randomly collected to measure the levels of hemagglutination (HI). The removed spleens were fixed with 10% formalin buffer. The specimens were cut in 5-micron diameters and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results and Conclusion There was a statistically significant difference in the mean of HI blood titers between the chicks in the growth period and final period groups (p < 0.05). The white-pulp tissue samples were more clearly seen in the treatment group than in the control group, and also, it was observed that the wall of the central artery of the white pulp was thicker in the ginger-treated group as compared with the control group. The nutritional value of ginger may vary. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the effect of this plant final on weight gain; the serum factors associated with the metabolic chart, and the response of the immune system to this plant.
Evaluation of large language models using an Indian language LGBTI+ lexicon

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Large language models (LLMs) are typically evaluated on the basis of task-based benchmarks such as MMLU. Such benchmarks do not examine responsible behaviour of LLMs in specific contexts. This is particularly true in the LGBTI+ context where social stereotypes may result in variation in LGBTI+ terminology. Therefore, domain-specific lexicons or dictionaries may be useful as a representative list of words against which the LLM's behaviour needs to be evaluated. This paper presents a methodology for evaluation of LLMs using an LGBTI+ lexicon in Indian languages. The methodology consists of four steps: formulating NLP tasks relevant to the expected behaviour, creating prompts that test LLMs, using the LLMs to obtain the output and, finally, manually evaluating the results. Our qualitative analysis shows that the three LLMs we experiment on are unable to detect underlying hateful content. Similarly, we observe limitations in using machine translation as means to evaluate natural language understanding in languages other than English. The methodology presented in this paper can be useful for LGBTI+ lexicons in other languages as well as other domain-specific lexicons. The work done in this paper opens avenues for responsible behaviour of LLMs, as demonstrated in the context of prevalent social perception of the LGBTI+ community.