jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Analysis of Database Users Based on A Dynamic Model

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Database security issues play an important role in modern information systems.This paper aims to deal with one of the most difficult issues for database security.We propose a novel intelligent method for database user behaviour analysis.Specially, we use hidden Markov model (HMM) to model the user profile.Different from most of previous works which only focus on query syntax for anomaly analysis, our approach explores more temporal relationships between operations and can take advantage of big training data.Experimental result has shown that our model is quite effective and efficient.
Atomic‐Scale Insights Into the Thermal Stability of High‐Entropy Nanoalloys

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract High entropy alloy nanoparticles bring hope to developing more efficient nanomaterials for high‐temperature applications. Nevertheless, the enhanced thermal stability of nearly equiatomic nanoalloys containing at least 5 metals is nothing more than theoretical speculation about the impact of thermodynamic contributions on their structural properties and remains to be proven. Here, in situ aberration‐corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and molecular dynamics simulations are combined to investigate at the atomic scale the thermal behavior of AuCoCuNiPt nanoparticles (NPs) from 298 to 973 K. Both in situ STEM heating and atomistic simulations reveal strong structural and chemical evolutions in the NPs with the formation and melting of an AuCu layer at the surface of NPs at high temperature. This phase separation that appears progressively with temperature is driven by pronounced atomic diffusion that is surprisingly more active in these quinary nanoalloys than in monometallic and bimetallic subsystems. Besides ruling out the existence of sluggish diffusion in AuCoCuNiPt nanoalloys and lowering their temperature range of application, the study allows distinguishing kinetic and thermodynamic effects on their structural properties, which is an essential prerequisite to better control the synthesis of complex nanomaterials.
Alpha‐Fetoprotein Decrease from > 1,000 to < 500 ng/mL in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Leads to Improved Posttransplant Outcomes

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

High alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) > 1,000 ng/mL is associated with poor outcomes after liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A new national policy has been implemented for AFP > 1,000 ng/mL requiring a decrease to < 500 ng/mL before LT, but there is a paucity of data on the optimal AFP threshold before LT. We aimed to evaluate the effects of a reduction in AFP from > 1,000 ng/mL to different AFP thresholds before LT on survival and HCC recurrence after LT using the United Network for Organ Sharing database. We identified 407 patients who underwent transplant between January 2005 and September 2015 and who had AFP > 1,000 ng/mL at least once before LT. The last AFP measurement before LT was > 1,000 ng/mL in 72.0%, decreased from > 1,000 to 101‐499 ng/mL in 9.6%, and decreased to ≤ 100 ng/mL in 14.3%. Local‐regional therapy was not performed in 45.4% of patients with AFP > 1,000 ng/mL at LT versus 12.8% of those with AFP of 101‐499 ng/mL and 10.3% of those with AFP ≤ 100 ng/mL at LT ( P < 0.001). Kaplan‐Meier 5‐year post‐LT survival for those with AFP > 1,000 ng/mL at LT was 48.8% versus 67.0% for those with a decrease in AFP to 101‐499 ng/mL ( P < 0.001) and 88.4% for those with AFP ≤ 100 ng/mL at LT ( P < 0.001). HCC recurrence probability at 5 years was 35.0% for patients with AFP > 1,000 ng/mL versus 13.3% for patients with AFP of 101‐499 ng/mL and 7.2% for patients with AFP ≤ 100 ng/mL at LT ( P < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, a decrease in the AFP to 101‐499 ng/mL was associated with a > 2‐fold reduction in posttransplant mortality ( P = 0.01) and a nearly 3‐fold reduction in HCC recurrence ( P = 0.02) compared with AFP > 1,000 ng/mL at LT. Conclusion : Our results demonstrated significantly improved post‐LT outcomes when restricting LT to patients with a reduction in AFP from > 1,000 to < 500 ng/mL, validating the recently implemented national policy.
The influence of diversity on boards on profitability: an overview across Iberian non-financial listed companies

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In modern economies, the corporate governance principles have been understood as drivers that mitigate the risk derived from the existing gap between managerial practices and ownership structure. This research contributes to the literature review, analyzing the relationship between the board characteristics, audit firms, and a set of indicators taken as proxies of performance. Based on a dataset of 124 non-financial companies, a linear model was regressed. We found that some characteristics of board of directors significantly influence the companies’ performance. These new insights can also provide new guidelines for policy makers towards the establishment of new common rules and principles that accurately grant the efficiency of corporate governance mechanisms and ensure the desired international comparability.
Cone angle control of the interaction of magnetic clouds with the Earth's bow shock

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We study the interaction of magnetic clouds (MCs) with the near‐Earth environment. Recent works suggest that the bow shock crossing may modify significantly the magnetic structure of an MC, and thus its ability to drive geomagnetic storms. This change is largely controlled by the bow shock configuration, which depends on the upstream interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientation. From the distribution of the magnetic field orientation in 152 Earth‐impacting MCs, we determine for the first time the typical shock configuration during MC events. We find that 56% (6.3%) of the time, the subsolar bow shock configuration is exclusively quasi‐perpendicular (quasi‐parallel). The rest of the time, both configurations coexist. Furthermore, using a subset of 63 MCs observed simultaneously in the solar wind and in the dayside magnetosheath, we determine the magnitude of the magnetic field alteration, how it depends on the shock configuration, and how it relates to the IMF cone angle.
The genera of Eriocaulaceae in the southeastern United States

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

STATES' (PiPEwoRT Family)Annual or perennial, monoecious (less often dioecious), diminutive or robust, stemless or caulescent, usually rosulate, scapose aquatic or wetland herbs, mostly of acidic waters and substrates.Rootstock a rhizome or caudiciform, the roots fibrous, spongy, or spongy-septate (diaphrammed), with simple or paired root hairs.Stems short or elongate (in the latter often spreading-ascending), repent or prostrate, the axis sympodial or monopodial, sometimes branching.Leaves mostly polystichous, usually in rosettes, sometimes in looser spirals in the elongate-stemmed species, in rosettes spaced along an elongate slender axis, or in involucral rosettes in compound-scaped species, mostly graminiform, linear-hngulate, parallel nerved, the bases usually broad, open, clasping, the stomata paracytic.Scape(s) simple or compound, originating from or toward rosette center, 1 to many, each arising axillary to a rosette leaf, enclosed at base by a tubular, distally open, spatheHke sheath, the scape axis terete, usually twisted, mostly few-to-many-costate, terminating in a single.'Prepared for the Generic Flora of the Southeastern United States, a long-ten covered by the Generic Flora includes North and South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, of this area, with information about extraregional members of a family or genus in brackets.The references that I have not verified are marked with asterisks.I am grateful to Carroll Wood and Norton Miller for their considerable help with the manuscript and with references that were not immediately available to me, and to Barbara Nimblett and Ihsan Al-Shehbaz for assistance in the preparation
Emergency nurses' experiences providing care to transgender people: using qualitative description

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

On a global scale, transgender people experience an increased prevalence of HIV, STIs, substance use, risky sexual behaviours, violence, discrimination, and stigmatization. Their compromised health is associated with reluctance to access healthcare services due to negative experiences with healthcare providers. To address this barrier, literature was examined on healthcare providers’ experiences, attitudes and perceptions towards transgender people. In the current literature, perspectives are mainly from physicians and mental healthcare professionals. Thus, there is a need to conduct qualitative research with nurses who provide emergency care services to transgender people. This descriptive qualitative study explored emergency nurses’ experiences providing care to transgender people. Qualitative content analysis was used to unveil commonalities and differences in the experiences of the key informants. The findings revealed that all the nurses working in an emergency department were faced with numerous challenges such as limitations in the environment and insensitivity expressed by colleagues when caring for the transgender community. This study also unmasked the sociopolitical impact that the nurses experienced while caring for transgender people in the emergency department. The changes made by the government such as the healthcare cuts and reconfiguration of the emergency departments impacted the emergency nurses’ care to the transgender community. Emergency nurses expressed that they wished to increase their knowledge base about medical transitioning such as hormone therapy, gender affirming surgeries, and healthcare experiences. Findings of this study will have implications for the nursing profession in the avenues of curricula development, research, continuing education, health policies, and community advocacy and engagement.
Civil society and democratization: a counter-case from India

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article assesses whether civil society promotes democratization, as has been argued implicitly or explicitly in the political discourse, following the publication of Putnam's Making Democracy Work. The theorists of “third-wave” transitology have advocated civil society as the indispensable instrument for the survival and sustenance of democracy. This article, however, argues that civil society is not necessarily a democratic force. It may or may not have positive implications in regard to democratization and the functioning of democracy. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in the tribal-dominated south Rajasthan, this article analyses the case of Rajasthan Vanvasi Kalyan Parishad (RVKP), a Hindu(tva)-oriented non-governmental organization (NGO), to demonstrate how civil society could also be anti-democratic. It shows that by utilizing development as a medium of entry, the RVKP has not only successfully presented itself as a counter-force against the “threatening others”, such as Muslims and Christians but also mobilized electoral support for the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). In return, the BJP-led state government has provided economic, political and legal support to the RVKP and facilitated the Hindutva politics at the grassroots level. The article concludes that in the context of Rajasthan, a conservative state has collaborated with an exclusivist civil society organization – the consequence of which has not just been the spread of violence and demonization of religious minorities but also a serious undermining of cultural pluralism and democratic values of Indian society.
The Significance of Homovanillic Acid and 3,4‐Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid Concentrations in Human Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract: The concentrations of the acidic dopamine (DA) catabolites homovanillic acid (HVA) and 3,4‐dihydroxy‐phenylacetic acid (DOPAC) measured in human CSF are supposed to reflect the “turnover” of DA in the brain. The notion of “turnover” is, however, not synonymous with impulse nerve activity in the dopaminergic systems. Significant amounts of DOPAC and HVA could, indeed, be demonstrated in brain structures wherein dopaminergic inner‐vation has not been documented. It must also be noted that DA is not only a neurotransmitter itself, but also a precursor of norepinephrine and epinephrine. Furthermore, in lumbar CSF, levels of biogenic amine catabolites partially reflect metabolism in the spinal cord and may have limited relevance to neurotransmission in the brain. To elucidate these points further, we determined the concentrations of DOPAC and HVA in 22 areas of six human brains and eight levels of six human spinal cords. The data were correlated with the concentration of DA. Quantitative determinations were done using HPLC with electrochemical detection, after solvent and ion‐pair extraction. In this study, significant amounts of both DOPAC and HVA were demonstrated in brain structures not previously associated with dopaminergic innervation. The relatively lower DA concentration in these structures suggests that in these regions, the DOPAC and HVA concentrations are unrelated to dopaminergic neurotransmission. The possible role of capillary walls and glial cells in the catabolism of DA must be further evaluated. The demonstration of DOPAC and HVA in the spinal cord is another argument against the hypothesis that CSF levels of HVA and DOPAC reflect closely the activity of the dopaminergic systems in the brain.
EPCO-18. A MESENCHYMAL CELL POPULATION MEDIATES RESISTANCE TO AURORA KINASE INHIBITORS IN GLIOBLASTOMA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) remains the most common adult brain cancer, with a dismal average patient survival of less than two years. No new treatments have been approved for GBM since the introduction of the alkylating agent temozolomide in 2005. Even then, temozolomide treatment only increases the average survival of GBM patients by a few months. Thus, novel therapeutic options are direly needed. The aurora kinases A and B are targetable and overexpressed in GBM, and their expression is highly correlated with patient survival outcomes. Our lab has found that small molecule aurora kinase inhibition reduces GBM tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, however, eventually tumors still grow. Computational analysis integrating compound transcriptional response signatures from the LINCS L1000 dataset with the single-cell RNA-sequencing data of patient GBM tumors resected at the University of Miami predicts that aurora inhibition targets a subset of cells present within any GBM tumor. Results of in vivo single-cell perturbation experiments with the aurora kinase inhibitor alisertib coincide with our predictions and reveal a cellular transcriptional phenotype resistant to aurora kinase inhibition, characterized by a mesenchymal expression program. We find that small molecules that are predicted to target different cell populations from alisertib, including this resistant mesenchymal population, synergize with alisertib to kill GBM cells. As a whole, we have identified the cellular population resistant to aurora kinase inhibition and have developed an analytical framework that identifies synergistic small molecule combinations by identifying compounds that target transcriptionally distinct cellular populations within GBM tumors.
The Distribution of Reflexive Pronouns in Norwegian

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper reports on the findings of a pilot study to investigate Long Distance Reflexives (LDR) in Norwegian. It begins with an introduction to the main features of Norwegian LDR, then examines data from several Norwegian dialects, showing that both the perspective model of LDR and the Logocentric Hierarchy is relevant to LDR in Norwegian. The final section presents some more data which highlight semantic differences between Norwegian anaphors which do not obey the Complementarity Principle.
Minimax Lower Bound of k-Monotone Estimation in the Sup-norm

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Belonging to the framework of shape constrained estimation, k-monotone estimation refers to the nonparametric estimation of univariate k-monotone functions, e.g., monotone and convex unctions. This paper develops minimax lower bounds for k-monotone regression problems under the sup-norm for general k by constructing a family of k-monotone piecewise polynomial functions (or hypotheses) belonging to suitable Hölder and Sobolev classes. After establishing that these hypotheses satisfy several properties, we employ results from general min-imax lower bound theory to obtain the desired k-monotone regression minimax lower bound. Implications and extensions are also discussed.
THE EFFECTS OF SOME DRYING CONDITIONS ON THE OIL AND PROTEIN CONTENTS OF PISTACHIOS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Drying is a critical step in the processing of pistachios. So improving drying conditions can affect the quality of the products significantly. Temperature and thickness of pistachios on the dryer plays an important role in the quality of the product. In this project the effect of drying temperature and bed thickness on the amount of proteins and oil content of pistachios were investigated. For this purpose the ‘Akbari’ cultivar of pistachios was harvested from Amirabad region of Damghan. Then they were dried by a batch dryer at 40, 55, 70 and 85°C with air flow of 1.5 m/s. The thickness of the pistachio layer on the bed was 5 and 10 cm. The data were analyzed by complete block randomized design with three replications. In this research the protein of pistachios ranged between 19.271 to 22%. Also, the highest amount of oil was observed for the samples dried at 85°C. The results showed that different temperatures had no significant effect on protein content, but the amount of oils increased significantly with temperature.
Heterodoxos en cautiverio: de Cipriano de Valera a los protestantes del norte de África

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article explores a rare Early Modern work on captivity in Islamic lands: the Tratado para confirmar en la fe cristiana a los cautivos de Berbería (1594), by Cipriano de Valera, addressed to the Spanish Protestant community with forced residence in North Africa. In this work, Valera exploits the captivity treatise model of the period, but rather than promoting Islamophobia, he introduces, for the first time, the ideological struggle of the Reformation in Islamic lands. In so doing, he asserts that the main threat to his readers' faith comes not from the Turkish-Berber milieu, but rather from sharing space with fellow Christian captives who are followers of the Roman Catholic Church. In this way Valera subverts the discursive configuration of Europe based on the notion of irreconcilable religious opposition to an enemy that is both external and culturally other.
Miller-Fisher Syndrome and Guillain-Barre Syndrome overlap syndrome in a patient post Oxford-AstraZeneca SARS-CoV-2 vaccination

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We describe a patient who developed bilateral oculomotor nerve palsy, ataxia, facial diplegia and lower limb weakness 2 weeks post-Oxford-AstraZeneca SARS-CoV2 vaccination, consistent with Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) and Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) overlap syndrome. Although some features of the patient’s presentation were typical of recently reported cases of a rare GBS variant post-Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccination, including severe facial weakness and a lack of respiratory involvement, to our knowledge this is the first reported case of MFS associated with SARS-CoV2 vaccination. While postvaccination GBS remains rare, it appears to have a favourable prognosis, and recognising this entity is therefore important for patient counselling and monitoring for potential complications.
Objects without Origins: Foucault in South African Socio-Medical Science

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Despite being freely available in English language translation since the late 1970s, the writings of Michel Foucault have only faintly imprinted themselves within the work of South African socio-medical scientists. Where references to Foucault do stray beyond mere name dropping, they frequently distort the lines of his thought by pressing it into precisely the liberal-humanist and Marxist analyses Foucault himself was so concerned to dispel. How is this possible, and what is being done by this failure to accurately understand and apply Foucault? Deploying a Foucaultian methodology of strategic questioning, this paper explores the phenomenon to conclude that the failure of Foucault in South African socio-medical discourse is only apparent, the very impermeability of these disciplines to his ideas itself confirmation for the Foucaultian thesis that while sovereignty is the preserve of an elite, discipline is within the grasp of us all.
[Retropharyngeal abscess in cattle. A case report].

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

This case report describes history, clinical, laboratory, radiographic, and endoscopic findings, therapy, and outcome of a 5-year-old cow, suffering from retropharyngeal abscessation. Clinical findings at admission included elevated body temperature, head and neck held in extended position, excessive salivation, swelling of the retropharyngeal area, and slight inspiratory noise. Radiographic and endoscopic examination confirmed the tentative diagnosis of retropharyngeal abscessation. Treatment consisted of parenteral application of procaine-penicillin for 10 days and local application of linseed rubefacients for 2 weeks. At that time, abscessation had developed. The abscess was subsequently surgically, approached by a modified Whitehouse approach. During this procedure, the abscess drained into the oropharynx, allowing interruption of surgery. Five months later, clinical, radiographic, and endoscopic follow-up examination revealed complete healing of the retropharyngeal abscess.
First mitochondrial genome of a periwinkle from the genus Littoraria: Littoraria sinensis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The nearly complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the periwinkle Littoraria sinensis is presented. This is the first mitochondrial genome of the genus Littoraria and the fifth sequenced Littorinidae. The mitogenome of L. sinensis is 16,320 bp in size, with 37 genes and one partial control region. The genes order is identical to those observed in other Littorinidae mitogenomes. The overall base composition shows that AT content (64.76%) is higher than GC content (35.24%). This study should provide new information for the further phylogenetic studies of this species.