jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Banraw: Band-Limited Radar Waveform Design Via Phase Retrieval

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents a uniqueness result which states that a band- limited signal can be recovered from at least 3B measurements where B is the bandwidth from the radar ambiguity function (AF). This function is a two-dimensional mapping of the propagation delay and Doppler frequency. This formal model represents the distortion of a returned pulse due to the receiver matched filter. To estimate a time/band-limited signal from its radar AF, a trust region algorithm that minimizes a smoothed non-convex least-squares objective function is proposed. The method consists of two steps. First, we approximate the signal by an iterative spectral algorithm. Then, the attained initialization is refined based upon a sequence of gradient iterations. To the best of our knowledge this work is seminal in the sense of solving the radar phase retrieval problem for band-limited signals. Simulations results suggest that the proposed algorithm is able to estimate band-limited signals from its radar AF for both complete and incomplete radar cases. The AF is incomplete when only few shifts are considered. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm estimates the signal with mean-square-error of 5 × 10 -2 for both complete and incomplete noisy cases.
Suitability of the muscle O2 resaturation parameters most used for assessing reactive hyperemia: a near-infrared spectroscopy study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background There is a spectrum of possibilities for analyzing muscle O2 resaturation parameters for measurement of reactive hyperemia in microvasculature. However, there is no consensus with respect to the responsiveness of these O2 resaturation parameters for assessing reactive hyperemia. Objectives This study investigates the responsiveness of the most utilized muscle O2 resaturation parameters to assess reactive hyperemia in the microvasculature of a clinical group known to exhibit impairments of tissue O2 saturation (StO2). Methods Twenty-three healthy young adults, twenty-nine healthy older adults, and thirty-five older adults at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were recruited. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to assess StO2 after a 5-min arterial occlusion challenge and the following parameters were analyzed: StO2slope_10s, StO2slope_30s, and StO2slope_until_baseline (upslope of StO2 over 10s and 30s and until StO2 reaches the baseline value); time to StO2baseline and time to StO2max (time taken for StO2 to reach baseline and peak values, respectively); ∆StO2reperfusion (the difference between minimum and maximum StO2 values); total area under the curve (StO2AUCt); and AUC above the baseline value (StO2AUC_above_base). Results Only StO2slope_10s was significantly slower in older adults at risk for CVD compared to healthy young individuals (p < 0.001) and to healthy older adults (p < 0.001). Conversely, time to StO2max was significantly longer in healthy young individuals than in older adult at CVD risk. Conclusions Our findings suggest that StO2slope_10s may be a measure of reactive hyperemia, which provides clinical insight into microvascular function assessment.
INTENSE PULSED LIGHT AS MONOTHERAPY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ACNE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acne vulgaris commonly affects adolescents and adults causing disgurement or scarring having psychological impact and reduces quality of life. This study conducted to study impact of Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) over the lesion. An interventional study carried out over 81 (M: F - 37:44) acne patients attending dermatology OPD, 3 setting of Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) therapy (430 -1200 nm wavelength) were given to patients. Mean age of 81 acne patient was 23.56 + 4.47 years and most of patients were having papular type of acne (81%) followed by pustules (71%) & comedones (45%). There was signicant decrease (p<0.05) in average lesion count in third setting (23.44 + 15.6) as compared to rst setting (36.65 + 18.2). Erythema (16.05%) followed by Itching (6.17%) and burning (3.70%) were most common side effect of therapy. IPL is safe, short duration and non-invasive method for inammatory acne lesions with good compliance from patient.
Pure Neural Tuberculoid Leprosy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Charter will do anything to help us with this impossible work load."With the present net loss of principals running at a rate of over 200 in five months, the general practitioner is faced with an in- evitable increase in this load which seems likely to be a geometric progression.On the other hand, as a result of these losses the Pool will be £600,000 the poorer.The pro- fession must decide whether the Minister's suggestions for a publicity campaign are likely to be more effective in reducing un- necessary demand than a discretionary charge
Paleoindian Geoarchaeology of the Southern High Plains. Vance T. Holliday 1997. University of Texas Press, Austin. 312 pp. $50.00 (cloth), ISBN 0-292-73109-4; $24.95 (paper), ISBN 0-292-73114-0.

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

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The groupwise-pivotal referral auction: Core-selecting referral strategy-proof mechanism

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

We introduce the groupwise-pivotal referral (GPR) mechanism for auctions where buyers can participate through referrals. Each buyer's type consists of a valuation and referable buyers. Unlike the second-price auction (SPA), the Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) mechanism provides referral incentives. However, VCG is not budget-feasible. In contrast, under complete information, GPR is core-selecting, implying efficiency and budget feasibility. Under incomplete information, bidders refer truthfully and have no incentive to underbid in GPR. Furthermore, GPR's ex-post revenue outperforms both VCG and SPA, not just in equilibrium but also when bidders do not use weakly dominated strategies.
Microbial biomass drives seasonal hysteresis in litter heterotrophic respiration in a warm-temperate forest

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Data_SIR include plot, month, and SIR (mgCO2/kg/h).Data_flux include timestamp, precipitation (mm/day), air temperature (degree), litter moisture (g/g), and litter heterotrophic respiration (umolCO2/m2/s).
Seismic geomorphology reveals the depositional environment to enhance reservoir prediction at various scales: Case studies from exploration to development projects in Argentina

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Seismic interpretation plays a critical role in hydrocarbon exploration and development, especially regarding risk mitigation associated with the presence and distribution of reservoir, source, seal, and trap. Seismic interpretation methods evolved significantly in the last years. Visualization techniques improved, and machine learning algorithms enabled several new technologies. This progress allowed the use of more powerful algorithms, including the combination of attributes using the RGB (Red, Green, and Blue) additive method more efficiently. Spectral decomposition uses seismic and the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) for delineating temporal bed thickness, represented by the amplitude spectra, and geological discontinuities, by the phase spectra in the frequency domain (Partyka and Gridley, 1997). In the present work, a methodology to detect, interpret and automatically extract 3D geo-bodies from frequency decomposition RGB seismic blend to support depositional environment interpretation away from well control is presented. Examples from exploration to development projects in Argentina are discussed: the shallow to deep marine Cuyo Group from the Neuquén basin (Santana et al., 2018), and the fluvio-lacustrine Chubut Group from the Golfo San Jorge basin respectively.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Deployments in Africa: Benefits, Challenges and Policy Dimensions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is proliferating on the African continent, but policy responses are still at their early stages. This article provides an overview of the main elements of AI deployment in Africa, AI's core benefits and challenges in African settings, and AI's core policy dimensions for the continent. It is argued that for AI to build, rather than undermine, socio-economic inclusion in African settings, policymakers need to be cognisant of the following key dimensions: gender equity, cultural and linguistic diversity, and labour market shifts.
Automated Quantification of Low-Amplitude Abnormal QRS Peaks From High-Resolution ECG Recordings Predicts Arrhythmic Events in Patients With Cardiomyopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background— Cardiomyopathy patients are at risk of sudden death, typically from scar-related abnormalities of electrical activation that promote ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Abnormal intra-QRS peaks may provide a measure of altered activation. We hypothesized that quantification of such QRS peaks (QRSp) in high-resolution ECGs would predict arrhythmic events in implantable cardioverter–defibrillator (ICD)–eligible cardiomyopathy patients. Methods and Results— Ninety-nine patients with ischemic or non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy undergoing prophylactic ICD implantation were prospectively enrolled (age 62±11 years, left ventricular ejection fraction 27±7%). High-resolution (1024 Hz) digital 12-lead ECGs were recorded during intrinsic rhythm. QRSp was quantified for each precordial lead as the total number of low-amplitude deflections that deviated from their respective naive QRS template. The primary end point of arrhythmic events was defined as appropriate ICD therapy or sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias. After a median follow-up of 24 (15–43) months, 20 (20%) patients had arrhythmic events. Both QRSp and QRS duration were greater in those with arrhythmic events (both P <0.001) and this was consistent for QRSp for both cardiomyopathy types. In a multivariable Cox regression model that included age, left ventricular ejection fraction, QRS duration, and QRSp, only QRSp was an independent predictor of arrhythmic events (hazard ratio, 2.1; P <0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that a QRSp ≥2.25 identified arrhythmic events with greater sensitivity (100% versus 70%, P <0.05) and negative predictive value (100% versus 89%, P <0.05) than QRS duration ≥120 ms. Conclusions— QRSp measured from high-resolution digital 12-lead ECGs independently predicts ventricular tachyarrhythmias in ICD-eligible cardiomyopathy patients. This novel QRS morphology index has the potential to improve sudden death risk stratification and patient selection for prophylactic ICD therapy.
Validation of the Robust Recursive Maximum Likelihood Algorithm for use in Electromechanical Mode Estimation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Oscillations in the power system known as electromechanical modes are a major concern for stability. If a mode is allowed to become unstable, it can cause widespread blackouts of the power system. For this reason, it is desirable to constantly monitor the stability of the modes by applying signal analysis algorithms to ambient data collected from the power system. The Recursive Maximum Likelihood (RML) algorithm has been shown to be capable of accomplishing this task. To make the RML algorithm better suited for practical applications where missing or corrupt data are a reality, a robustness component was added to the algorithm. This new algorithm, known as Robust RML (RRML), was then tested and compared to the basic RML algorithm and the existing Recursive Least Squares (RLS) and Robust RLS (RRLS) algorithms. Results indicate that the RRML algorithm is able to handle missing and corrupt data better than the RML algorithm, achieves accuracy similar to the RRLS algorithm, and provides real-time statistical information that the RRLS algorithm cannot. From these results, it is clear that the RRML algorithm is a useful tool in monitoring the power system's stability in real time.
Current state of total joint replacement.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In 1974 we sent questionnaires on attachment and employment of nurses to 9214 general practices in England.There were 7863 replies (850 ), of which 551 were excluded from the study.A total of 2654 nurses were directly employed by 240o (1774) of the practices, and 68% (4972) had attached nurses.Practices in health centres were larger and had greater nursing resources than those in other premises.We suggest that practices may employ nurses to compensate for ineffective nursing attachments, and we conclude that general-practiceemployed nurses are becoming "professionalised."
Replication Data for: Estimation of outcrossing rates in intraspecific (Oryza sativa) and interspecific (Oryza sativa x Oryza glaberrima) rice under field conditions using using agro-morphological markers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The study evaluated outcrossing rates in rice under field conditions. Agro-morphological markers were used to evaluate levels of outcrossing. A total of 721 134 plants were investigated. There was an average outcrossing rate of 0.7 ± 0.51%, with a potential outcrossing rate of 2.45 ± 0.86%. Implications for production of quality rice seed and conservation of germplasm were discussed.
Effects of Losartan on MIF in Tubulointerstitial Cells in Progressive Nephritis Model Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of losartan on macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF) in tubulointerstitial cells in progressive nephritis model rats.METHODS:Rats were selected and underwent right nephrectomy and injected IgG(OX-7) mouse monoclonal anti-Thy1.1 antibody twice,and progressive nephritis model was established.Some rats were sacrificed at 4th week as model group,and other rats were divided into control group and losartan high-dose and low-dose groups(80,20 mg·kg-1·d-1) with 5 rats in each group.Other rats were selected as sham operation group.Relevant drugs were irrigated into the stomachs of the rats for 4 weeks in all groups.The expression of MIF and macrophage marker antigen ED-1,and the tubulointerstitial pathological changes were examined.RESULTS:Compared with sham operation group,the expression of MIF and ED-1 increased significantly in model group(P0.001);compared with control group,the expression of MIF and ED-1 decreased significantly in losartan high-dose and low-dose groups(P0.01 or P0.001).Pathological observation indicated that tubulointerstitial injury was found in model group,and tubulointerstitial injury was ameliorated in losartan high-dose and low-dose groups.CONCLUSION:Losartan may ameliorate the progression of tubulointerstitial inflammation by intervene the expression of MIF and ED-1 in the progressive nephritis model rat.
A SURVEY OF MURINE TYPHUS IN MULYOREJO VILLAGE, WAY ABUNG III TRANSMIGRATION SCHEME, LAMPUNG UTARA, SUMATERA, INDONESIA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Suatu survei serologis terhadap murine typhus telah dilakukan di desa transmigrasi Mulyorejo, Way Abung III, Lampung Utara pada tahun 1982. Dalam survei tersebut dikumpulkan sejumlah 444 sera manusia dan 314 sera hewan liar terutama tikus dan tupai. Pemeriksaan serologis dengan methoda IFAT memberikan hasil seropositif sebanyak 6,5 % pada manusia dan 0,6 % pada hewan. Pada manusia seropositif tertinggi pada kelompok umur 20 - 59 tahun dan lebih tinggi pada laki-laki daripada perem­puan. Vektor murine typhus, Xenopsylla cheopis , hanya ditemukan pada Rattus r. diardii . Satu species tungau yaitu Ascoschoengastia indica yang pernah ditemukan terinfeksi oleh murine typhus, ditemukan pada tikus rumah dan tikus ladang, R. tiomanicus dan R. exulans . Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa murine typhus endemik di desa transmigrasi tersebut dan siklus terjadi di dalam lingkungan domestik.
Type 2 innate lymphoid cells treat and prevent acute gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is the most common complication for patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Despite extremely aggressive therapy targeting donor T cells, patients with grade III or greater aGVHD of the lower GI tract, who do not respond to therapy with corticosteroids, have a dismal prognosis. Thus, efforts to improve understanding of the function of local immune and non-immune cells in regulating the inflammatory process in the GI tract during aGVHD are needed. Here, we demonstrate, using murine models of allogeneic BMT, that type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in the lower GI tract are sensitive to conditioning therapy and show very limited ability to repopulate from donor bone marrow. Infusion of donor ILC2s was effective in reducing the lethality of aGVHD and in treating lower GI tract disease. ILC2 infusion was associated with reduced donor proinflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells, accumulation of donor myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) mediated by ILC2 production of IL-13, improved GI tract barrier function, and a preserved graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) response. Collectively, these findings suggest that infusion of donor ILC2s to restore gastrointestinal tract homeostasis may improve treatment of severe lower GI tract aGVHD.
Products of Ordinary Differential Operators by Evaluation and Interpolation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

It is known that multiplication of linear differential operators over ground fields of characteristic zero can be reduced to a constant number of matrix products. We give a new algorithm by evaluation and interpolation which is faster than the previously-known one by a constant factor, and prove that in characteristic zero, multiplication of differential operators and of matrices are computationally equivalent problems. In positive characteristic, we show that differential operators can be multiplied in nearly optimal time. Theoretical results are validated by intensive experiments.
Investigations into the functioning of phytoplankton, zooplankton, kelp and benthic communities at the Prince Edward Islands

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Several questions pertaining to the marine communities at the Prince Edward Islands are addressed. Firstly, the nature of the 'island-mass effect', and the cause of the frequently recorded diatom blooms in the area are examined. It had been suggested that the cause of the blooms is related to the presence of a Taylor Column-induced, low density, stationary eddy which stabilises the water column. On a cruise in April/May 1989, temperature, salinity, nutrients, chlorophyll and primary production were measured at 90 stations in a large grid centred on the islands. These, together with data collected on previous cruises, are used to show that the repeated occurrence of diatom blooms was not a result of nutrient enhancement. No evidence for light-limitation of phytoplankton was found. The evidence and theoretical basis which was used to predict the existence of a Taylor Column is questioned. An alternative hypothesis for explaining the blooms is presented. It is argued that these local blooms are simply the result of seeding by a dormant stock of diatom resting spores from the shallow sediments around the islands. This hypothesis hinges on three observations: (1) the blooms occur only over shallow sediments and are not a feature of the open ocean, (2) the species Chaetoceros radicans has been responsible for the bloom each time the cells were identified, and (3) C. radicans forms a rapidly sinking, heavily silicified, resting spore.
The apocalyptic dimension of World War I or the abandonment of an invented tradition in Portugal

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

BSS Subject Index: CORTESÃO, JAIME (1884–1960)MARTINS, JOAQUIM PEDRO DE OLIVEIRA (1845–1894)PASCOAES, TEIXEIRA DE [JOAQUIM PEREIRA TEIXEIRA DE VASCONCELOS] (1877–1952)PORTUGAL — CULTURE & CIVILIZATIONPORTUGAL — HISTORY — ALL PERIODS & TYPESPORTUGAL — LITERATURE — 20th CENTURY — PROSEUNITED KINGDOM — HISTORICAL & CURRENT CONTACTS & RELATIONS WITH SPAIN & PORTUGALWORLD WAR I (1914–1918)
Molecular basis of the 14-3-3 protein-dependent activation of yeast neutral trehalase Nth1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Significance 14-3-3 proteins are conserved scaffolding proteins expressed in all eukaryotic cells, where they regulate the function of several hundreds of partner proteins by constraining their conformation. Yeast neutral trehalases (Nth), enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of trehalose, compared with trehalases from other organisms, possess distinct structure and regulation involving phosphorylation followed by binding to 14-3-3. Here we present the crystal structures of yeast Nth1 and its complex with the 14-3-3 protein and propose a molecular mechanism in which 14-3-3 activates Nth1 by stabilizing the flexible part of its active site. Comparison of the 14-3-3:Nth1 complex structure with those of other 14-3-3 complexes suggests the highly conserved nature of 14-3-3 affects the structures of many client proteins.
Recalcitrant Erythrodermic Psoriasis Complicated by Septic Shock and Mycotic Aneurysm: A Call for Treatment Guidelines

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Erythroderma is characterized by diffuse erythema and scale covering over 90% body surface area that can affect individuals with inflammatory dermatoses such as psoriasis. Complications of erythrodermic psoriasis include infection and cardiovascular compromise. Here we present a case of a 68 year-old man who was hospitalized for erythrodermic psoriasis refractory to multiple immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies, ultimately developing sepsis due to bacteremia and fungemia complicated by infective endocarditis and a mycotic aneurysm. Although the widespread loss of epidermal function in erythroderma increases the risk of infection by opportunistic pathogens, water loss, and electrolyte imbalances, there are very few reported cases of psoriatic erythroderma complicated by fungemia and mycotic aneurysm. Given the high mortality associated with widespread epidermal dysfunction, there is a great need for evidence-based treatment guidelines for psoriatic erythroderma. J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23(8): doi:10.36849/JDD.7751.