jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Driver behaviour profiling using smartphone sensory data in a V2I environment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Road traffic accidents prevention and mitigation are important issues that appear on top of the priority list of many countries around the world today. Many measures and approaches have been put in place in terms of policy level as well as technical level. Driver behaviour is one of many key factors that should be seriously considered to improve road safety. This paper proposes a method for driver behaviour profiling using sensory data on smartphones in a vehicle-to-infrastructure environment. Based on driving behaviours with the most risk to causing accidents, the profiling algorithm takes into account sudden driving events which occur during a journey to categorise drivers into different profiles according to their safety levels. The profiling algorithm offers the flexibility to adjust the parameters weightings in order to put an emphasis on specific driving events for different scenarios and applications. The impact on vehicle-to-infrastructure is that the stored driving profiles can be used to generate a norm for a given road section. Approaching vehicles deviating from the norm can be notified in real-time. Moreover, localised dangerous driving events can be clustered together to form a potential blackspot which can be deployed as an advanced warning for approaching vehicles as a location based service. As a result, the risk of road traffic accidents can be reduced. Real-world driving data was collected over two major routes in Thailand with four distinct profiles and five major factors to road accidents.
Anti‐myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody‐positive Optic Neuritis in a Girl With Ulcerative Colitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 13-year-old Japanese girl with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea for 1 year was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC), based on revised Porto criteria (1). Corticosteroid treatment failed to achieve improvement; subsequent tacrolimus and azathioprine decreased her symptoms. Two months later, she developed pain and visual disturbance including blurring in the right eye. Ophthalmologic examination confirmed loss of vision and disclosed papilledema involving the right eye. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed high signal intensity and swelling of the right optic nerve in T1-weighted images (Fig. 1). Diagnosed with right optic neuritis associated with UC, she underwent intravenous pulse methylprednisolone. Visual loss and papilledema decreased within 2 weeks, and magnetic resonance imaging findings improved (Fig. 2). Laboratory testing for antibodies revealed anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies (titer, 1:8192; normal, ≤1:128). The patient has had no recurrence of optic neuritis for 10 months after methylprednisolone pulse therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of optic neuritis in a pediatric patient with UC (2,3). Serum MOG antibody testing is important because most patients with MOG-positive optic neuritis readily respond to methylprednisolone pulse therapy (4), but remains at risk for recurrence of optic neuritis (5).FIGURE 1: Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed high signal intensity and swelling in the right optic nerve in T1-weighted images. Arrow, optic nerve. R, right.FIGURE 2: Two weeks after intravenous pulse therapy with methylprednisolone, right optic nerve findings improved in T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. Arrow, optic nerve. R, right.
Three Versions of the Finite Element Method Based on Concepts of Either Stochasticity, Fuzziness, or Anti-Optimization

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this review article, we describe in some detail three versions of the FEM pertinent to the uncertainty triangle, introduced by the present writer; in particular, to describe various types of uncertainties in the structure, namely a) non-perturbational finite element method for stochastic structures, b) finite element method associated with determination of least favorable responses through the method of anti-optimization in interval setting of parameters, and c) finite element method based on the fuzzy sets. The comparison between the probabilistic and convex modeling of uncertainty is conducted. The combined optimization and anti-optimization due to presence uncertainty is advocated. The author trusts that hybrid approaches, rather than a) genuine probabilistic treatment, b) anti-optimization, or c) fuzzy-sets-based modeling are called for to rigorously treat the realistic structures. In the end, the issue of relative robustness of these approaches is discussed. This review should be viewed as a continuation of our previous essays about non-probabilistic modeling of uncertainty, random vibrations, and introduction of initial imperfection-sensitivity concept into design, respectively (Comput Struct, 1995; Appl Mech Rev, 1995; NASA SP, 1998; Comput Meth in Appl Mech Eng, with Ren YJ, 1998), devoted to various aspects of uncertainty modeling in engineering. As its predecessors, it contains personal perspectives on the subject. It is envisioned, that at a later stage, these reviews, combined, will be published as a book, Thoughts on Uncertainty. This review article contains 126 references.
Why engineer porous materials?

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A number of specific examples are briefly given for the use of pores in engineering materials: a porous ceramic to produce minimum thermal conduction; thin skeleton walls in silicon to produce photoluminescence; low dielectric constant materials. The desirable nature of the pores in fuel cell electrodes and sieves is described. Further examples are given in orthopaedics, prosthetic scaffolds and sound deadening and impact resistance materials. An attempt is made to describe the desirable pore size, whether open or closed, and the useful volume fraction. This short review does not deal with flexible foams.
The Relation Between BMI and Polypharmacy with Urinary Incontinence in Diabetic Geriatric Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: In our study, we aimed to examine the effects of body mass index (BMI) and multiple drug use on urinary incontinence (UI) in diabetic geriatric patients. Materials and Methods: Our study included 246 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients aged 65 and over who applied to our outpatient clinic between October and December 2019 and remained after the exclusion criteria were applied. The relationship between the frequency of UI and age, diabetes age, HbA1c, BMI, number of drugs and gender was investigated. UI described as any involuntary incontinence complaint. The questionnaire contained socio-demographic questions and the International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF). Results: Most (82.2%) of the patients with UI were women. Diabetes age and HbA1c level did not differ significantly between those with and without UI. There was a statistically significant relationship between BMI and the number of drugs used with the indication of UI (Mann-Whitney U; p <0.05). Incontinence was more common in those with high BMI (average BMI 30.27 kg/m2 ). While 47.7% of those with UI were obese patients. The number of drugs used was found significantly higher in those patients with UI (p=0.008). Conclusion: UI causes social isolation, depressive mood and introversion. In our study, we found that obesity and polypharmacy are associated with incontinence and triggered urinary incontinence. This indicates that UI is a problem that needs to be questioned and focused on in this patient population.
Modality Competition: What Makes Joint Training of Multi-modal Network Fail in Deep Learning? (Provably)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Despite the remarkable success of deep multi-modal learning in practice, it has not been well-explained in theory. Recently, it has been observed that the best uni-modal network outperforms the jointly trained multi-modal network, which is counter-intuitive since multiple signals generally bring more information. This work provides a theoretical explanation for the emergence of such performance gap in neural networks for the prevalent joint training framework. Based on a simplified data distribution that captures the realistic property of multi-modal data, we prove that for the multi-modal late-fusion network with (smoothed) ReLU activation trained jointly by gradient descent, different modalities will compete with each other. The encoder networks will learn only a subset of modalities. We refer to this phenomenon as modality competition. The losing modalities, which fail to be discovered, are the origins where the sub-optimality of joint training comes from. Experimentally, we illustrate that modality competition matches the intrinsic behavior of late-fusion joint training.
High-efficient Cultivation Pattern of Phalaenopsis amabilis in Intelligent Greenhouse in Nanjing

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Phalaenopsis amabilis cultivated in intelligert greenhowse can come into the merket out of season and bring good benefits.The high-efficient cultivation pattern mainly includes four parts: the variety choice,seedling breeding,the cultivation management and the greenhouse environmental control.It is suitable for every modern agricultural zone of certain production scale.
Diagnostic value of protein chips constructed by lung‐cancer‐associated markers selected by the T7 phage display library

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Traditional diagnostic technology with tumor biomarkers is inefficient, expensive and requires a large number of serum samples. The purpose of this study was to construct human lung cancer protein chips with new lung cancer biomarkers screened by the T 7‐phage display library, and improve the early diagnosis rate of lung cancer. Methods A T 7‐phage cDNA display library was constructed of fresh samples from 30 lung cancer patients. With biopanning and high‐throughput screening, we gained the immunogenic phage clones from the cDNA library. The insert of selected phage was blasted at GeneBank for alignment to find the exact or the most similar known genes. Protein chips were then constructed and used to assay their expression level in lung cancer serum from 217 cases of lung cancer groups:80 cases of benign lung disease and 220 healthy controls. Results After four rounds of B iopanning and two rounds of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, 12 phage monoclonal samples were selected from 2880 phage monoclonal samples. After blasting at GeneBank , six similar genes were used to construct diagnostic protein chips. The protein chips were then used to assay expression level in lung cancer serum. The expression level of six genes in lung cancer groups was significantly higher than those in the other two groups ( P < 0.05). Conclusions In this study, we successfully constructed diagnostic protein chips with biomarkers selected from the lung cancer T 7‐phage cDNA library, which can be used for the early screening of lung cancer patients.
A kinematic wave dynamic network loading model, including intersection delays:

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper presents a method for including intersection delays in a flow-based traffic model. The original Multi-Commodity Link Transmission Model (MC LTM), a Dynamic Network Loading (DNL) model that is consistent with kinematic wave theory, is extended with delayed urban intersection models. Travel time as a function of traffic load becomes a monotonically increasing function, which is a desirable property in view of equilibrium calculation in DTA.
From P100 to P100_: Conception and improvement of a new citation-rank approach in bibliometrics

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Properties of a percentile-based rating scale needed in bibliometrics are formulated. Based on these properties, P100 was recently introduced as a new citation-rank approach (Bornmann, Leydesdorff, & Wang, in press). In this paper, we conceptualize P100 and propose an improvement which we call P100_. Advantages and disadvantages of citation-rank indicators are noted.
GRO J1744−28: an intermediate B-field pulsar in a low-mass X-ray binary

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The bursting pulsar, GRO J1744-28, went again in outburst after $\\sim$18\nyears of quiescence in mid-January 2014. We studied the broad-band, persistent,\nX-ray spectrum using X-ray data from a XMM-Newton observation, performed almost\nat the peak of the outburst, and from a close INTEGRAL observation, performed 3\ndays later, thus covering the 1.3-70.0 keV band. The spectrum shows a complex\ncontinuum shape that cannot be modelled with standard high-mass X-ray pulsar\nmodels, nor by two-components models. We observe broadband and peaked residuals\nfrom 4 to 15 keV, and we propose a self-consistent interpretation of these\nresiduals, assuming they are produced by cyclotron absorption features and by a\nmoderately smeared, highly ionized, reflection component. We identify the\ncyclotron fundamental at $\\sim$ 4.7 keV, with hints for two possible harmonics\nat 10.4 keV and 15.8 keV. The position of the cyclotron fundamental allows an\nestimate for the pulsar magnetic field of (5.27 $\\pm$ 0.06) $\\times$ 10$^{11}$\nG, if the feature is produced at its surface. From the dynamical and\nrelativistic smearing of the disk reflected component, we obtain a lower limit\nestimate for the truncated accretion disk inner radius, ($\\gtrsim$ 100 R$_g$),\nand for the inclination angle (18$^{\\circ}$-48$^{\\circ}$). We also detect the\npresence of a softer thermal component, that we associate with the emission\nfrom an accretion disk truncated at a distance from the pulsar of 50-115 R$_g$.\nFrom these estimates, we derive the magneto-spheric radius for disk accretion\nto be $\\sim$ 0.2 times the classical Alfv\\'en radius for radial accretion.\n
Value of 3Tesla MRI in the preoperative staging of mid‐low rectal cancer and its impact on clinical strategies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background To determine the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative T/N stage with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in lower and middle rectal cancer patients and the impacts on clinical decision‐making. Patients and methods A total of 211 patients were recruited from October 2015 to March 2017 in this retrospective study. High‐resolution MRI was performed within 2 weeks before surgery. Histopathologic results were evaluated for the postoperative T/N stage and the diagnostic accuracy of MRI was assessed according to the postoperative histopathologic results. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were evaluated for T/N staging and κ values were used to evaluate MRI consistent analysis compared with postoperative histopathologic staging. Results The overall MRI diagnostic accuracy was 79.62% for T1‐4 staging and 54.50% for N0‐2 staging. The κ values were 0.619 and 0.255 for T1‐4 and N0‐2 staging, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of MRI for treatment decision‐making was 80.57%. Conclusion MRI allows a highly accurate preoperative assessment of T stage but only a fairly accurate preoperative assessment of N stage for rectal cancer. The diagnostic accuracy of MRI for treatment decision‐making is promising, but additional studies are needed to validate these findings in a larger sample size from multiple centers.
The Political Ontology of Division: An Aesthetic Theory of The Korean Division-System

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This dissertation introduces an aesthetic theory of the historical division between North and South Korea. I engage in different aesthetic approaches to Korean scholar Paik Nak-chung’s theorization of the politics between and surrounding North and South Korean relations as the “division-system.” I canvas photographic, literary, cinematic, critical, and aesthetic illustrations of the Korean division-system and argue that the Korean arts on division intervene in modes of perception and recognition that have primarily encouraged understanding relations of division through the metaphor of war and “mirror-politics.” Drawing on various neo-Kantian elaborations of the relationship between aesthetics and politics, visual perception and the role of art and media, and critically inflected readings of political subjectivities in Korea, I formulate a political ontology of division, where the relationship between North and South Koreans is framed as one of imitation, rather than of hostile opposition. This conceptual intervention aims to shed new ways of seeing and thinking about the unending Korean War. This project contests familiar modes of perception and reception of images on the Korean division and North Korea from the perspective of Korean activist artists. The works of art contemplate historical and political representations of North Korea that perpetuate ideological consciousness of division and consequently “division-images.” I argue that the critically and politically attuned arts contest ways of thinking that depend on practices of recognition and representation. They instead aim to intervene in how the image of post-war social life in Korea has become uncritically familiar to us, normalizing our relationship to the “division-system.”
ÇİMENTO ENJEKSİYONLARINDA KULLANILAN KATKI MALZEMELERİNİN REOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERE ETKİLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Bu çalışmada farklı oranlardaki bentonit (B), uçucu kül (UK) ve silis dumanı (SD) ile birlikte hazırlanan enjeksiyon karışımlarının reolojik özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Deneyler için Taguchi Yöntemine göre 3 parametreli 4 seviyeli L16 deney tasarım tablosu seçilmiştir. Enjeksiyon karışımlarının hazırlanmasında, kullanılan katı ağırlığının % 0, % 0.5, % 1 ve % 3'ü oranlarında bentonit, % 10, % 20, % 30 ve % 40'ı oranlarında uçucu kül ve % 0, % 5, % 10 ve % 20'i oranlarında silis dumanı kullanılmıştır. Hazırlanan enjeksiyon karışımları için laboratuarda çökelme ve Marsh Hunisi deneyleri yapılmıştır. Deneyler su/katı (S/K) 1.25 için yapılmış olup deney sonuçları Taguchi Yöntemine göre ayrı ayrı değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda; Akma süresi ve çökelme miktarı üzerinde en etkili parametrenin silis dumanı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Enjeksiyon karışımlarının incelenen özellikleri için optimum karışım oranları Taguchi Yöntemi ile belirlenmiş ve bu oranlar için doğrulama deneyleri yapılmıştır.
Children Surviving Post-Univentricular Repair: Single Center Experience

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The children population who underwent single ventricle repair is growing in number with longer follow up periods and increased frequency of complications. Aim of work: To evaluate the outcome and complications post Glenn and Fontan single ventricle repair in children. Material and Methods: A retrospective study of data within files of all surviving patients post univentricular surgical repair, who were following up at Post Cardiac Interventions Clinic in Cairo University Children Hospital from October 2007 until October 2020. Results: The files of 113 patients were enrolled in the study, 93 (82.3%) of them were post Glenn operation. Their mean± SD age at the time of the operation was 1.4± 0.9years, and mean follow up duration of 8.3 ±3 years. The study included 20 (17.7%) patients post Fontan operation, with a mean age at the time of the operation of 7.82± 1.63years, and mean follow up duration of 4.75 ±0.08 years. They were 77 (68.15%) males, and 36(31.85%) females. Complications post Glenn operation were heart failure in 34(36.5%) patients, pericardial and pleural effusion in 4 (4.3%) and hypoalbuminemia in 2 (2.15%). Complications post Fontan were heart failure in 4 (20%) patients, arrhythmia in 2 (10%), and protein losing enteropathy in 2 (10%). Frequency of complications was not related to the age at the time of the Glenn and Fontan operation (p =0.793) and (p=0.079) respectively. Conclusion: Performing Glenn and Fontan at older age was not related to the frequency of complications in our patients. Heart failure was the most common complication post Glenn and Fontan operations.
Strategi Komunikasi Wartawan Kriminal Luwuk Post Dalam Mencari Berita Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of the study was to find out how the Luwuk Post Criminal Journalists Communication Strategies in Searching for News Amid the Covid-19 Pandemic. Being a journalist does not always have to wait until an event occurs, but with a sharp instinct a journalist will seek and observe. A journalist must be able to develop a communication strategy before carrying out his duties. To make it easier for journalists to dig up information or get data, choosing a strategy is the most appropriate step, therefore a journalist must be careful in planning their communication. Collecting data using observation (observations), questionnaires, and documentation. The population in this study are all criminal journalists in the Luwuk Post office. The results showed that the Communication Strategy used by the Luwuk Post Criminal Journalists in Searching for News during the Pandemic showed that they were very good at finding criminal news during the pandemic.
Use of Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules in the Search for Appropriate Hydrogen Atom Locations in X-ray Diffraction Based Studies

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A novel approach for the determination of hydrogen positions in studies based on X-ray diffraction is presented. The comparison of proton positions with their corresponding electron density maxima has been performed by means of the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules. The observed differences mainly depend on the type and electronegativity of the atom covalently bonded to the hydrogen, changing in the range of Δr = 0.004 ÷ 0.032 Å, while being simultaneously independent from the involvement of atom in the hydrogen bonding. It is postulated that the Δr correction should be taken into account in electron density based studies. In theoretical single point calculations (sp) based on X-ray diffraction analysis, an elongation of hydrogen covalent bonds with Δr corrections instead of neutronographic values is proposed. This procedure utilized in this work for the analysis of intramolecular O–H···O hydrogen bonding properties leads to good agreement between quantum theoretical results for the optimized structure and X-ray based single point calculations.
WELFARE‐MAXIMISING PRICING IN A MACROECONOMIC MODEL WITH IMPERFECT COMPETITION AND CONSUMPTION EXTERNALITIES

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper develops a simple macroeconomic model with imperfect competition and consumption externalities, and uses it to examine whether the marginal cost pricing rule in the partial equilibrium framework can apply to the general equilibrium framework. It is shown that, for welfare to be maximised, average revenue should be set equal to marginal cost if consumption externalities are either absent or positive. However, for welfare to be maximised, average revenue should be set higher than marginal cost in the presence of negative consumption externalities.