jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Attraction of Five Pecan Insect Species to Light Traps Equipped with Various Colored Lamps13

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Journal Article Attraction of Five Pecan Insect Species to Light Traps Equipped with Various Colored Lamps Get access V. R. Calcote, V. R. Calcote Agric. Res. Serv., USDA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. S. Smith, Jr. J. S. Smith, Jr. Agric. Res. Serv., USDA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 67, Issue 3, 1 June 1974, Pages 461–463, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/67.3.461 Published: 01 June 1974 Article history Received: 14 February 1974 Published: 01 June 1974
Revisiting homogeneous modeling with volume averaging theory: structured catalysts for steam reforming and CO2 methanation

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Progress in the modeling of structured catalysts is crucial for enhancing efficiency and scalability in industrial applications. Extensive research has investigated reactive flows over catalyst surfaces, covering chemical kinetics analysis and (direct) numerical simulations of the complete fluid flow in fixed-bed or structured catalysts. Nonetheless, this comes at a high computational cost. This study focuses on the homogeneous modeling of structured catalysts utilizing volume-averaging theory (VAT) as a more efficient method for representing the behaviour of such systems. We discuss modeling strategies for both 1-D and 3-D simulations. For steady 1-D flow simulations, we assess the influence of simplified gas chemical kinetics versus detailed surface chemistry, comparing with experimental data from the literature for a CO 2 methanation processes. We also simulate 3-D flows of a steam reforming process, previously studied in the literature, using models which rely on different assumptions regarding the nature of the porous catalyst. Our findings reveal significant discrepancies based on different modeling assumptions, underscoring the necessity for accurate modeling of permeability and diffusivity tensors in homogeneous models.
Hydrodynamic description of protein folding: the decrease of the probability fluxes as an indicator of transition states in two-state folders

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Using hydrodynamic description of protein folding, the process of the first-passage folding of ubiquitin has been studied. Since a large number of folding trajectories were required to obtain converged folding flows, a coarse-grained representation of the protein in the form of a C-bead Gō-model was employed, and discrete molecular dynamics was used to perform simulations. It has been found that the free energy surface has a maximum width in the transition state region, so that the densities of folding flows (probability fluxes) decrease to minimum when the system passes through the transition state. There are indications that the increasing number of different protein conformations in the transition state region compared with those in the neighboring regions of semi-compact and native-like states is responsible for the present phenomena. It has also been shown that if the free energy is projected onto a single reaction coordinate, the low populations of the transition states can be compensated by the increasing number of states, which can lead to a considerable decrease or even disappearance of the free energy barrier in the transition state.
Old Korean Legation Museum

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Old Korean Legation Museum Get access Old Korean Legation Museum, 1500 13th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. https://oldkoreanlegation.org/en/; https://www.instagram.com/koreanlegation/.Permanent exhibition, opened May 2018. Temporary exhibition, opened Nov. 2023. Overseas Korean Cultural Heritage Foundation, Seoul, Korea, curators. Christine Kim Christine Kim Georgetown University, Washington, DC Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 111, Issue 1, June 2024, Pages 123–126, https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jaae007 Published: 01 June 2024
Head and neck squamous cancers.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Head and neck squamous cancers are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with varying etiologic factors, presenting symptoms, staging, treatment, and expected outcome. In this monograph, we discuss principles of management common to all sites as well as individual differences. The presenting symptoms of disease are reviewed, stressing the importance of early diagnosis. Accurate pathologic diagnosis can be improved on in difficult cases by newer immunohistochemical techniques. Following diagnosis, accurate clinical staging must be performed, and the evaluation of an unknown primary in the neck is described. We review general considerations for planning the treatment of head and neck cancer, and then discuss specific guidelines for individual sites, stressing the optimal integration of surgery and radiation therapy, particularly brachytherapy. Controversial management issues and new, innovative approaches are discussed. The conventional use of chemotherapy in head and neck cancer is for palliation of recurrent disease. In recent years, chemotherapy has been added to the primary treatment program in an induction role, as a radiosensitizer, as an adjunct following standard therapy, and for organ preservation. The current status of these roles is reviewed. This is a cancer for which there are known etiologic agents. Future efforts in this disease should be directed toward early detection and prevention.
Muscle Mass and Muscle Strength Relationships to Balance: The Role of Age and Physical Activity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective : To investigate the relations of balance to muscle mass (MM) and muscle strength (MS), depending on age and physical activity, which is of particular importance to functional independence in older people. Methods : This cross-sectional study included 802 volunteers (69.82 ± 5.60 years). The Fullerton Advanced Balance scale was used to assess balance and a composite score, including arm curl and chair stand tests for assessing MS. MM was estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and physical activity by questionnaire. Results : Greater MM ( r = .26, p < .001) and MS ( r = .53, p < .001) were positively correlated to balance. The old-old adults and less active individuals attained lower balance. Notably, moderation and subsequent simple slope analyses revealed that the relations of balance, MM, and MS were larger in less active and the old-old adults. Conclusions : The old-old and less active adults were more prone to muscle weakness and balance impairments. Tailored interventions should particularly consider these vulnerable groups.
LHD 10-O_R_01 #180484.1 (analyzed)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Luminance data of the plasma monitor camera. Time variation of the average and maximum luminance within the ROI (Region of Interests) of the plasma images observed by the 10-O Right port camera, where ROI is (858,212) - (924,308) of the original image of 1920x1080. The luminance value is between 0 and 255 in arbitrary unit.
Systematic review of diagnostic and prognostic models of chronic kidney disease in low-income and middle-income countries

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To summarise available chronic kidney disease (CKD) diagnostic and prognostic models in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Method Systematic review (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines). We searched Medline, EMBASE, Global Health (these three through OVID), Scopus and Web of Science from inception to 9 April 2021, 17 April 2021 and 18 April 2021, respectively. We first screened titles and abstracts, and then studied in detail the selected reports; both phases were conducted by two reviewers independently. We followed the CHecklist for critical Appraisal and data extraction for systematic Reviews of prediction Modelling Studies recommendations and used the Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool for risk of bias assessment. Results The search retrieved 14 845 results, 11 reports were studied in detail and 9 (n=61 134) were included in the qualitative analysis. The proportion of women in the study population varied between 24.5% and 76.6%, and the mean age ranged between 41.8 and 57.7 years. Prevalence of undiagnosed CKD ranged between 1.1% and 29.7%. Age, diabetes mellitus and sex were the most common predictors in the diagnostic and prognostic models. Outcome definition varied greatly, mostly consisting of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate. The highest performance metric was the negative predictive value. All studies exhibited high risk of bias, and some had methodological limitations. Conclusion There is no strong evidence to support the use of a CKD diagnostic or prognostic model throughout LMIC. The development, validation and implementation of risk scores must be a research and public health priority in LMIC to enhance CKD screening to improve timely diagnosis.
Magnetic and Superconducting Properties of the Heterogeneous Layered Structures V/Fe0.7V0.3/V/Fe0.7V0.3/Nb and Nb/Ni0.65(0.81)Cu0.35(0.19)

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The heterogeneous ferromagnetic–superconducting layered heterostructures V/Fe0.7V0.3/V/Fe0.7V0.3/Nb and Nb/Ni0.65(0.81)Cu0.35(0.19), which contain magnetic clusters and ferromagnetic domains, are studied. The magnetic and superconducting properties of the structures depend on the magnetic-layer thickness, the magnetic field, and the time elapsed from structure preparation. We detected the interaction of clusters with a domain structure, diamagnetism and magnetization reversal of the magnetic layer during the superconducting transition in a ferromagnetic–superconducting heterostructure, and a superconducting transition in the magnetic layer. The magnetic and resistive properties of the heterostructures changed in several weeks and months.
Transcriptomic atlas of midbrain dopamine neurons uncovers differential vulnerability in a Parkinsonism lesion model

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons comprise diverse cells with unique innervation targets and functions. This is illustrated by the selective sensitivity of mDA neurons of the substantia nigra compacta (SNc) in patients with Parkinson’s disease, while those in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are relatively spared. Here, we used single nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) of approximately 70,000 mouse midbrain cells to build a high-resolution atlas of mouse mDA neuron diversity at the molecular level. The results showed that differences between mDA neuron groups could best be understood as a continuum without sharp differences between subtypes. Thus, we assigned mDA neurons to several ‘territories’ and ‘neighborhoods’ within a shifting gene expression landscape where boundaries are gradual rather than discrete. Based on the enriched gene expression patterns of these territories and neighborhoods, we were able to localize them in the adult mouse midbrain. Moreover, because the underlying mechanisms for the variable sensitivities of diverse mDA neurons to pathological insults are not well understood, we analyzed surviving neurons after partial 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions to unravel gene expression patterns that correlate with mDA neuron vulnerability and resilience. Together, this atlas provides a basis for further studies on the neurophysiological role of mDA neurons in health and disease.
Esophageal motor responses to increasing adjustment of an implanted gastric band

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background The adjustable gastric band is an effective surgical treatment to induce weight loss in patients with morbid obesity. We aimed to assess the effects of band placement and stepwise adjustment on esophageal motility, using high‐resolution manometry ( HRM ). Methods Patients underwent esophageal HRM before and 6 weeks after gastric band placement. During postoperative assessment, HRM was combined with intraband pressure measurement at increasing filling volumes. Key Results In total, 15 patients were studied. Mean DCI (± SD ) decreased from 1085.3 ± 1064.1 mmHg s −1 cm −1 before to 507 ± 347.2 mmHg s −1 cm −1 (P = 0.015) after band placement, mean IBP from 10.7 ± 1.7 mmHg to 7.7 ± 1.6 mmHg (P = 0.01). Stepwise band adjustment from 1 to 8 mL had an immediate and profound effect on swallow‐induced esophageal contractions: DCI increased from 766 ± 590.4 to 7231 ± 6298.1 mmHg s −1 cm −1 , IBP from 4.3 mmHg to 31.1 ± 17.3 mmHg, and intraband pressure increased from −109.1 ± 60.6 mmHg to 150.2 ± 65 mmHg. During band filling with volumes >5 mL, upward displacement of the LES was observed, indicative of shortening of the esophagus; the distance between the UES and LES decreased from 23.5 ± 1.3 cm at 0 mL to 19.9 ± 2 cm at 8 mL. Conclusions & Inferences Stepwise gastric band adjustment leads to immediate enforcement of esophageal peristalsis associated with an increase in intrabolus pressure and with pronounced esophageal shortening. Subjects who lack these responses to outflow obstruction may be more prone to dysphagia after band placement.
Council members tour rehabilitated areas, 1954

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

8 images. Council members tour rehabilitated areas, 16 September 1954. Council members inspecting Bernal Avenue near 4th Street; councilman Don Allen; Gilbert Morris; Small Property Owners League pickets.; Caption slip reads:"Photographer: Rustan. Date: 09-16. Reporter: Brown. Assignment: Tour of rehabilitated areas. 81/82: After shot of Bernal Avenue near 4th Street. 79/80: Long shot of council members & others inspecting Bernal Avenue. 89/90: L/R: Councilman Don Allen; Gilbert Morris, at 428 S. Bernal Avenue, reconstructed home. 87/88, L/R: Same, with Small Property Owners League pickets in foreground".
Structurally Diverse Chaetophenol Productions Induced by Chemically Mediated Epigenetic Manipulation of Fungal Gene Expression

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Epigenetic manipulation of gene expression in Chaetomium indicum using a HDAC inhibitor led to the isolation of structurally diverse chaetophenols, and 3, 4 and 5 bear unprecedented polycyclic skeletons. The expression of two silent genes (pksCH-1 and pksCH-2) for nonreducing PKSs involved in chaetophenol biosynthesis was associated with an increase of histone acetylation level. The heterologous gene expression study in Aspergillus oryzae revealed pksCH-2 to be the NR-PKS gene for 8.
An Open Source Multi-Slice Cell Capacity Framework

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

5G is the new 3GPP technology designed to solve a wide range of requirements. On the one hand, it must be able to support high bit rates and ultra-low latency services, and on the other hand, it should be able to connect a massive amount of devices with loose bandwidth and delay requirements. Network Slicing is a key paradigm in 5G, and future 6G networks will inherit it for the concurrent provisioning of diverse quality of service. As scheduling is always a delicate vendor topic and there are not so many free and complete simulation tools to support all 5G features, in this paper, we present Py5cheSim. Py5cheSim is a flexible and open-source simulator based on Python and specially oriented to simulate cell capacity in 3GPP 5G networks and beyond. To the best of our knowledge, Py5cheSim is the first simulator that supports Network Slicing at the Radio Access Network. It offers an environment that allows the development of new scheduling algorithms in a researcher-friendly way without detailed knowledge of the core of the tool. The present work describes its design and implementation choices, the validation process and results, and different use cases.
Investigating Coaching Leadership Among Departmental Heads in Sabah, Malaysia: An Empirical Study on Lecturers’ Perceptions

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to examine lecturers’ perceptions of coaching leadership among department heads in Sabah, Malaysia. The sample comprised 56 lecturers from three private colleges in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, who responded to a structured questionnaire on Google Forms. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 29.0. Results showed that a low number of lecturers tend to perceive their department heads as coaching leaders (only 48.2 to 60.7 percent). On the other hand, nonparametric tests showed that there were no significant differences by way of gender, age, and job experience in perceived coaching leadership. Additionally, Wilcoxon signed rank test based on a hypothesized value of 3.5 showed that all coaching leadership items were significant at p < 0.001, having medians that were significantly different from the test value, and were likely to indicate strong disagreement. Lastly, in light of the findings, several recommendations were made for department heads to incorporate coaching leadership as part of their management to increase organizational productivity, job motivation, and organizational commitment amongst staff.
Mali’s agrifood system structure and drivers of transformation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Mali experienced modest annual economic growth of 4.4 percent between 2009 and 2019 (INSTAT 2020; World Bank 2023a). With annual population growth of 3.0 percent during that period, the living standards of Malian people improved only modestly. In 2020, the global COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant slowdown in economic growth, while an increase in armed insurgencies by domestic terrorist groups also had an adverse effect on the economy. Mali’s GDP growth is projected to reach 4.0 percent in 2023 and 2024 (World Bank 2023b), suggesting the economy is inching back toward its prepandemic growth trajectory. Agriculture remains an important sector, accounting for 40 percent of GDP and more than 60 percent of employment in Mali. In this brief, we unpack the historical and projected economic growth trajectory further to better understand the role of agriculture as well as the broader agrifood system (AFS) in the performance and transformation of the economy of Mali.
Identification of novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in the growth hormone ( GH ) gene in Anatolian water buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis ) populations in Turkey

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the growth hormone ( GH; somatotropin-like) gene polymorphisms in 150 water buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis ) from different regions of Turkey. 404 bp long partial intron 4, exon 5, 3’ UTR regions of the GH gene (also called GH/Alu I locus) and 347 bp long exon-intron 3 and partial exon 4 regions of the GH gene (also called GH/Msp I locus) were amplified, and their PCR products analyzed via DNA sequencing method. Seven genotypes due to twenty single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and one deletion/insertion were identified in a 347 bp long region of the GH/Msp I locus. A missense mutation from glycine to glutamate amino acid and four silent mutations in the serine, threonine, and asparagine amino acids were determined in the exon 3 region of the GH gene. Four genotypes due to eight SNP were identified in a 404 bp long region of the GH/Alu I locus. A missense mutation from lysine to arginine amino acid and six silent mutations in Leucine, aspartate, histidine, lysine, arginine, and cysteine amino acids were revealed in the exon 5 region of the GH gene. The partial DNA sequence of the GH gene in water buffalos was reported, and these sequences were deposited at the NCBI Genbank database with the accession numbers MN266903-MN266909 and MN530973-MN530976. These SNP may have an effect on economic (such as body composition) and carcass traits, reproduction, and milk yield and content in water buffalo populations and may prove to be useful for water buffalo breeding.
Photochemistry of 1- and 2-Methyl-5-aminotetrazoles: Structural Effects on Reaction Pathways

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The influence of the position of the methyl substituent in 1- and 2-methyl-substituted 5-aminotetrazoles on the photochemistry of these molecules is evaluated. The two compounds were isolated in an argon matrix (15 K) and the matrix was subjected to in situ narrowband UV excitation at different wavelengths, which induce selectively photochemical transformations of different species (reactants and initially formed photoproducts). The progress of the reactions was followed by infrared spectroscopy, supported by quantum chemical calculations. It is shown that the photochemistries of the two isomers, 1-methyl-(1H)-tetrazole-5-amine (1a) and 2-methyl-(2H)-tetrazole-5-amine (1b), although resulting in a common intermediate diazirine 3, which undergoes subsequent photoconversion into 1-amino-3-methylcarbodiimide (H2N-N═C═N-CH3), show marked differences: formation of the amino cyanamide 4 (H2N-N(CH3)-C≡N) is only observed from the photocleavage of the isomer 1a, whereas formation of the nitrile imine 2 (H2N-C-═N+═N-CH3) is only obtained from photolysis of 1b. The exclusive formation of nitrile imine from the isomer 1b points to the possibility that only the 2H-tetrazoles forms can give a direct access to nitrile imines, while observation of the amino cyanamide 4 represents a novel reaction pathway in the photochemistry of tetrazoles and seems to be characteristic of 1H-tetrazoles. The structural and vibrational characterization of both reactants and photoproducts has been undertaken.
Screening Young Children at Risk for Reading Failure

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Reading and reading difficulties are some of the most researched topics in the literature in regard to psychology and education. Additionally, some specific subjects such as prediction and prevention attract research interest as well. These issues are discussed in the present chapter that focused on the screening measures and their characteristics towards significance and effectiveness. More specifically, discrimination accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity as well as validity and reliability were taken into consideration. Some well-known studies were examined revealing a range of methodological issues, which affected the effectiveness of using measures in the extant research. Although the findings were consistent with literature, they continued to be scant and not widely accepted, affected by several limitations regarding the sampling and the experimental design.
Conformational Changes in the Metallo-β-lactamase ImiS During the Catalytic Reaction: An EPR Spectrokinetic Study of Co(II)-Spin Label Interactions

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Metallo-beta-lactamases are responsible for conferring antibiotic resistance on certain pathogenic bacteria. In consequence, the search for inhibitors that may be useful in combating antibiotic resistance has fueled much study of the active sites of these enzymes. There exists circumstantial evidence that the binding of substrates and inhibitors to metallo-beta-lactamases may involve binding to the organic part of the molecule, in addition to or prior to binding to one or more active site metal ions. It has also been postulated that a conformational change may accompany this putative binding. In the present study, electron paramagnetic resonance spectrokinetic study of a spin-labeled variant of the class B2 metallo-beta-lactamase ImiS identified movement of a component residue on a conserved alpha-helix in a catalytically competent time upon formation of a transient reaction intermediate with the substrate imipenem. In a significant subpopulation of ImiS, this conformational change was not associated with substrate binding to the active site metal ion but, rather, represents a distinct step in the reaction with ImiS. This observation has implications regarding the determinants of substrate specificity in metallo-beta-lactamases and the design of potentially clinically useful inhibitors.