jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
La noción de “ser-en-sí” en la antropología metafísica de Ismael Quiles

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This work is an approach to the insistence philosophy of the Spanish-Argentine thinker Ismael Quiles (1906-1993). Without abandoning the value of classical philosophy and considering the new contributions of phenomenology and existentialism, Quiles delves into the deepest being of man, that is, into his metaphysical foundation, which he finally reaches and characterizes with the expression being-in-itself. This reality is what enables man's personal development in his relationships with the world, with others and with the Absolute Being. The method from which Quiles investigates being-in-itself is interiority. In the wake of Augustine and Saint Bonaventure, rescuing some elements of subjectivity from modern philosophy, Quiles understands that the subject knows first of all his own reality, that is, he knows himself, and in this experience he becomes aware of his special way of existing as a being-in-itself. Without disregarding abstraction, Ismael Quiles understands that it is through intuition that we arrive at the certainty of the constitutive being-in-itself from which all our existence unfolds. Existence that is also the object of study in Quiles, but always in the light of the foundation that sustains it, articulates it and gives it meaning. Research is a deepening of being-in-itself, its access path, the experience of interiority and its impact on the existence of man, focusing especially on the field of education.
Making Room by Letting Go: A Look at the Ephemerality of Collections

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

We all agree that the material culture evidence held by museums and historical societies is critical in understanding our pasts. Objects speak for individuals whose lives were not documented in other ways, and can speak emotions unavailable in the written record. The volume of material culture produced today is more sizable than ever. Which leads to two unanswered question: How well are our collections policies at museums and historical societies working? And are we collecting the material culture evidence that will help future historians interpret the lives of early 21st-century Americans.
The Buenos Aires Art World: Sites of Appropriation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this chapter I examine the Buenos Aires art world as a specific example of a site of artistic production, where "indigenous" and local art forms are transformed and inserted into a global context. Ethnographic sites have now become a theoretical and practical preoccupation for artists, theoreticians of art, and anthropologists working on the border crossings between art and anthropology (see Coles 2000, Schneider/Wright 2006). Also, in this chapter I aim to explore the notions of "Western," "Latin American" and "indigenous" art as they are conceptualized by the participating urban actors, such as artists, critics, gallery owners, and museum curators.KeywordsIndigenous CultureAuction HouseAward CeremonyExhibition SpaceYoung ArtistThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Solar Cooking in the Sahel

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Solar cookers have the potential to help many of the world's poorest people, but the availability of sunshine is critical, with clouds or heavy atmospheric dust loads preventing cooking. Using wood for cooking leads to deforestation and air pollution that can cause or exacerbate health problems. For many poor people, obtaining wood is either time-consuming or expensive. Where conflicts have led to displaced people, wood shortages can become acute, leading to often violent clashes between locals and refugees. For many refugee women, this makes collecting wood a high-risk activity. For eight years, Agrometeorological Applications Associates and TchadSolaire (AAA/TS) have been training refugees to manufacture and use solar cookers in northeastern Chad, where there are more than 240,000 refugees. Solar cookers are cheap and simple to make. They are clean and safe, greatly reduce the need for wood, reduce conf licts, reduce the time girls spend collecting wood (thus favoring education), and allow pasteurization of water. Around 140,000 people in the area are now eating solar-cooked food. Using long-term records of direct sunshine from routine surface measurements and aerosol retrievals from SEVIRI on board Meteosat, we present a climatology of conditions suitable for solar cooking in North Africa and West Africa. Solar cookers could be widely used, on an average of about 90% of days in some locations, with large seasonal and spatial variations from changing solar elevations, dustiness, and cloudiness. The climatology will facilitate the future distribution of solar cookers by organizations such as AAA/TS, who work using high-tech information to improve the lives of millions utilizing simple technologies.
0Modeling and Control of Space Vehicles with Fuel Slosh Dynamics

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In April of 1957, a Jupiter Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile was terminated 90 seconds after launch due to propellant slosh. Ever since the launch of the early high-efficiency rockets, controlling liquid fuel slosh within a launch vehicle has been a major design concern. Moreover, with today’s large and complex spacecraft, a substantial mass of fuel is necessary
(Invited) Applications of the Reaxff Force Field for Identifying Reactive Properties for Complex Battery Materials and Interfaces

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The ReaxFF method provides a highly transferable simulation method for atomistic scale simulations on chemical reactions at the nanosecond and nanometer scale. It combines concepts of bond-order based potentials with a polarizable charge distribution. Since it initial development for hydrocarbons in 2001 [1], we have found that this concept is transferable to applications to elements all across the periodic table, including all first row elements, metals, ceramics and ionic materials. For all these elements and associated materials we have demonstrated that ReaxFF can accurately reproduce quantum mechanics-based structures, reaction energies and reaction barriers, enabling the method to predict reaction kinetics in complicated, multi-material environments at a relatively modest computational expense. This presentation will describe the current concepts of the ReaxFF method, the current status of the various ReaxFF codes, including parallel implementations and recently developed new computational concepts, including grand canonical Monte Carlo and metadynamics options that enhance connectivity with experiment. Also, we will present and overview of recent applications to a range of materials of increasing complexity, with a particular focus on recent applications to battery anodes, cathodes and anode/electrolyte and cathode/electrolyte interfaces. This will specifically include ReaxFF development for Li/Si [2], Li/carbon [3], Li/sulfur [4] interfaces and electrolyte chemistry [5] and new method concepts that enable ReaxFF to include explicit electron or hole movement. Figure caption: Snapshot from a ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulation of Li-migration in a carbon onion anode [3]. [1] van Duin, A. C. T., Dasgupta, S., Lorant, F., and Goddard, W. A., 2001. ReaxFF: A reactive force field for hydrocarbons. Journal of Physical Chemistry A 105, 9396-9409. [2] Ostadhossein, A., Cubuk, E. D., Tritsaris, G. A., Kaxiras, E., Zhang, S., and van Duin, A. C. T., 2015. On the Lithium intercalation in Silicon Nanowires, Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulation using ReaxFF Force Field. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17, 3832-3840. [3] Raju, M., Ganesh, P., Kent, P. R. C., and van Duin, A. C. T., 2015. A Reactive Force Field study of Li/C Systems for Electrical Energy Storage. Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry, published online , DOI: 10.1021/ct501027v [4] Islam, M., Ostadhossein, A., Borodin, O., Yeates, A. T., Tipton, W. W., Hennig, R. G., Kumar, N., and van Duin, A. C. T., 2015. ReaxFF Molecular Dynamics Simulations on Lithiated Sulfur Cathode Materials Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17, 3383-3393. [5] Islam, M., Bryantsev, V. S., and van Duin, A. C. T., 2014. ReaxFF Reactive Force Field Simulations on the Influence of Teflon on Electrolyte Decomposition During Li/SWCNT Anode Discharge in Lithium Sulfur Batteries. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 161, E3009-E3014. Figure 1
Second Metabolite Composition, Antioxidative, Tyrosinase Inhibitory, Antibacterial and Anticancer Activity of Balanophora laxiflora Extract

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Balanophora laxiflora extract contains various compounds including terpenoids, phenolics, and flavonoids. Ethyl acetate fraction of B. laxiflora has high content of phenolic compounds (608.21 mg GAE/g), highly correlated with its antioxidant activity including 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging capacity (IC 50 value of 22.81 µg/mL) and reducing power (2.33), which is comparable to that of ascorbic acid and quecertin. This fraction shows strong tyrosinase inhibitory activity with IC 50 value of 7.9 µg/mL and mild inhibitory activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains at the concentration of 20 mg/mL, stronger than those of other fractions. Ethyl acetate fraction also exhibited cytotoxicity against human lung carcinoma (LU-1) cell line. n-Hexane fraction shows stronger activity on epidermal carcinoma (KB) cell lines (IC 50 = 3.45 µg/mL). Median lethal dose (LD 50 ) of B. laxiflora methanolic crude extract on experimental mice is 10.64 g/kg body mass. The results suggest new pharmacological use of B. laxiflora especially in depigmentation, cancer treatment and further characterization of bioactive constituents and biological activities of ethyl acetate and n-hexane fraction.
Molecular marker‐based pedigrees for animal conservation biologists

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Pedigrees, depicting the genealogical relationships between individuals in a population, are of fundamental importance to several research areas including conservation biology. For example, they are useful for estimating inbreeding, heritability, selection, studying kin selection and for measuring gene flow between populations. Pedigrees constructed from direct observations of reproduction are usually unavailable for wild populations. Therefore, pedigrees for these populations are usually estimated using molecular marker data. Despite their obvious importance, and the fact that pedigrees are conceptually well understood, the methods, and limitations of marker‐based pedigree inference are often less well understood. Here we introduce animal conservation biologists to molecular marker‐based pedigrees. We briefly describe the history of pedigree inference research, before explaining the underlying theory and basic mechanics of pedigree construction using standard methods. We explain the assumptions and limitations that accompany many of these methods, before going on to explain methods that relax several of these assumptions. Finally, we look to future and discuss some recent exciting advances such as the use of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms, inference of multigenerational pedigrees and incorporation of non‐genetic data such as field observations into the calculations. We also provide some guidelines on efficient marker selection in order to maximize accuracy and power. Throughout we use examples from the field of animal conservation and refer readers to appropriate software where possible. It is our hope that this review will help animal conservation biologists to understand, choose, and use the methods and tools of this fast‐moving field.
3. Pinch-based shortcut method for the design of isothermal extraction columns

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In dieser Dissertation werden neue Näherungsverfahren für die Auslegung von Absorptions- und Extraktionskolonnen vorgestellt. Für die vereinfachte Auslegung wird ein energieeffizienter Betriebspunkt angestrebt, wofür sogenannte Pinch-Punkte herangezogen werden, die in Gegenstrom-Apparaten stets bei verschwindender thermodynamischer Triebkraft auftreten. Analogien zwischen Pinch-Punkten und sogenannten Fixpunkten nichtlinearer, dynamischer Systeme werden ausgenutzt, um erstmalig das Pinchbasierte Modell für allgemeine Gegenstromkolonnen mathematisch fundiert herzuleiten. Hieraus folgt dann konsequent die Anwendung für adiabate Absorptionskolonnen und isotherme Extraktionskolonnen. Die neuen Modelle weisen dabei einen kleineren Approximationsfehler auf als etablierte Näherungsverfahren, die nicht auf Pinch-Punkten beruhen. Außerdem erlaubt die hergeleitete mathematische Formulierung sogar die systematische Verbesserung der Schätzung bis zur Genauigkeit der rigorosen ...
Antagonistic effect of Pseudomonas spp. isolated from rhizospheric soil of Picrorhiza kurrooa (kutki) against phytopathogenic fungi

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Plant protection is an important area which needs attention since most of the hazardous substance in the form of chemical are added into the agricultural system. Pseudomonas spp. possesses a variety of promising properties which make it better Biocontrol agent. The objectives of the present study were to isolate Pseudomonas spp. from the rhizospheric soil of a medicinal herb Picrorhiza kurrooa and their antagonistic activity against phytopathogens. Pseudomonas spp. on co inoculation with fungal pathogens inhibits the growth of all phytopathogens as compared to control. Maximum inhibition was observed against Rhizoctonia solani (63.6%) followed by Aspergillus ochraceus (63%) and Aspergillus candidus (45.4%). Pseudomonas isolate was also investigated for the effect of volatile compound and found that it inhibits the growth of all tested fungi and maximum inhibition was found against Rhizoctonia solani as compared to other plant pathogens in the present study. Our results, revealed the potentiality of Pseudomonas spp. as one of the most suitable bio-control agent in suppressing the phytopathogenic fungi.
The Extent of Information Disclosed in the Practice of Islamic Banking Annual Reports

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research investigates the extent of disclosure in Islamic banking annual reports. The period of study is from year 1997 to 2006, a period after the regulations for financial reporting rapidly developed. This study reviews the issues on disclosure extent and the Shari’ah perspectives related to contracts, governance and disclosure. Information disclosure can be divided into two categories -voluntary and regulated The traditional view on disclosure highlighted that the added value of information can be used to reduce conflicts. Meanwhile, from the perspective of the Shari’ah, the contracting parties need to observe the Shari’ah principles in identifying the information that need to be disclosed. This study examined the disclosure practice of 95 annual reports of full-
fledged Islamic banks (IB) and windows (Islamic banking scheme or IBS). Comparative analysis on the practices of IB and IBS indicated that information disclosed in the IB’s and IBS’s annual reports are slightly different especially for voluntary disclosure and in the period before and immediately after the enforcement of disclosure regulations (2000-2003). Furthermore, this study found that: i) bank size, board independence and the number of Shari’ah committee members significantly determine the extent of voluntary disclosure; ii) bank size, liquidity, board committee, board independence and audit committee independence significantly determine the extent of regulated disclosure; iii) size and board independence significantly determine the extent of all type of disclosure; and iv) there is an evident of co-integrated relationship among a few sets of variables in the long run. Overall, the minimum best practices are not satisfactorily met judging from both voluntary disclosure and the level of conformity to regulations. Regulators may find these findings to be useful for Shari’ah governance and monitoring purposes as well as in promoting transparency, ‘market discipline’ and the social functions of this industry to the Muslims.
IODP Expedition 392 Formation temperature

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Formation temperature was measured by the advanced piston corer temperature tool (APCT-3), Sediment Temperature Tool (SET), or sediment temperature pressure tool (SETP) and reduced to in situ temperature and (for SETP) pressure estimates. These data are compiled per instrument run and assigned to a core (the core cut with the APCT-3 cutting shoe or the core following the SET deployment).
A Sensitive and Specific DNA Probe for Plasmodium yoelii

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract : We have produced a DNA probe, designated pJC104, for the sensitive and specific identification of Plasmodium yoelii. The probe incorporates the major DNA repeat of the parasite and has a sensitivity that exceeds that of all conventional methods of malaria diagnosis. The probe represents a major breakthrough for the Navy's malaria vaccine development program, as it provides a means for quantifying the protective effects of experimental immune interventions in the mouse -- P. yoelii system. Specifically, protection against challenge infection by passive transfer of antibody, adoptive transfer of immune cells, infusion of bio-active substances and immunization with subunit vaccines can now be reliably measured. Plasmodium yoelii, Malaria diagnosis, DNA probe, Vaccine screening.
On the Mitigation of WSS Filtering Penalties: Single- vs Multi-Carrier Modulation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<p>The tight channel filtering imposed by long cascades of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (ROADMs) represents, nowadays, one of the major performance-limiting aspects for optically-routed coherent optical fiber systems. This makes it vital to perform a ROADM-aware optimization of the network performance at the physical layer. In particular, the use of different modulation options is known to have a strong impact on the extent of the filtering-induced penalties. In that regard, a long debate between single- and multi-carrier modulation has been taking place during the last few years, sometimes leading to apparently contradictory results. Following the open scientific discussion on this topic, in this work, we investigate by simulation and experimentally the wavelength selective switch (WSS) filtering tolerance of single-carrier (SC) and digital subcarrier multiplexing (DSCM) signals. In order to promote a fair comparison, both modulation options are carefully designed to minimize the ROADM-filtering penalties, namely resorting to the use of entropy loading together with baud rate optimization. After some preliminary numerical assessment, a comprehensive set of experiments are carried out for the transmission of 21-WDM 95–105 Gbaud SC and DSCM signals over a 2040 km straight line of fiber with regularly spaced WSSs. In general, our results allow to conclude that the two modulation options yield similar performance if the overall baud rate is optimized for each filtering scenario, keeping the baud rate at <span><span><span><span>±</span></span></span></span>5% of the optimized value.</p>
Generalized Solutions of Semilinear Evolution Inclusions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we study different types of (generalized) solutions for semilinear evolution inclusions in general Banach spaces, called limit and weak solutions, which are extensions of the weak solutions studied by T. Donchev [Nonlinear Anal., 16 (1991), pp. 533--542] and the directional solutions studied by J. Tabor [Set-Valued Anal., 14 (2006), pp. 121--148]. Under appropriate assumptions, we show that the set of the limit solutions is compact $R_\delta$. When the right-hand side satisfies the one-sided Perron condition, a variant of the well-known lemma of Filippov--Plis, as well as a relaxation theorem, are proved.
Studies on structural, morphological, and optical properties of Cr2O3 nanoparticles: synthesized via one step combustion process by different fuels

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT This research presents a novel one–step solution combustion synthesis to obtain nano-structured Cr2O3 from chrome nitrate solution and one fuel such as aspartic acid (Asp) or Lysine (Lys), or Autor Restrihydroxymethylaminomethane (Tris) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Edta). Once obtained, the ashes were calcined at 500°C. The powders were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR), UV-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-VIS) spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) techniques. These powders will be used in solar absorbing surfaces: in composites (o cermets) and painted coatings. Within the obtained ashes and calcined powders, it was identified a Cr2O3 crystalline structure corresponding to the rhombohedral system and to the R-3c spatial group. The average crystallite size was determined for ashes and calcined powders, this value was in nanometric range between 29 and 45 nm, where for ashes were in general minor than calcined powders in all cases. It is probable that with an increment of the temperature, crystallite size would grow. A specific area of 167 m2/g was determined for asp-ashes. This was a highest value observed in specific literature and it could be used in catalysis reactions, while the area values of ashes was higher than calcined powders value for each fuel. The average particle size observed through TEM resulted in 50 nm to 100 nm approximately. The determined Energy band gap resulted in 3.055eV to 3.078 eV approximately. The Energy band gap slightly increased with calcination temperature. Further trials and investigation will confirm the mentioned tendencies.
Stain-Robust Mitotic Figure Detection for the Mitosis Domain Generalization Challenge

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The detection of mitotic figures from different scanners/sites remains an important topic of research, owing to its potential in assisting clinicians with tumour grading. The MItosis DOmain Generalization (MIDOG) challenge aims to test the robustness of detection models on unseen data from multiple scanners for this task. We present a short summary of the approach employed by the TIA Centre team to address this challenge. Our approach is based on a hybrid detection model, where mitotic candidates are segmented on stain normalised images, before being refined by a deep learning classifier. Cross-validation on the training images achieved the F1-score of 0.786 and 0.765 on the preliminary test set, demonstrating the generalizability of our model to unseen data from new scanners.
Drumgab Bungalow, Dalrymple: Archaeological Mitigation Data Structure Report

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Archaeological monitoring works were carried out in support of development work on the new agricultural building at Drumgabs Bungalow, Dalrymple. The archaeological works were designed to mitigate the impact on any archaeological remains within the development area. The works did not identify the presence of any significant archaeological features within the development area.