jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Volterra-series-based equivalent nonlinear system method for subharmonic vibration systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Subharmonics generation in the nonlinear system, directly using the traditional finite Volterra series, cannot generally represent the aimed system. In this paper, a new approach is presented, which is an extension of single finite Volterra series for representation and analysis of the subharmonic vibration system based on equivalent nonlinear system. The equivalent nonlinear system, which is constructed by pre-compensating the subharmonic vibration system with the super-harmonic nonlinear model, yields the input–output relation between the virtual source and the response of the aimed nonlinear system. Orthogonal least square method is employed to identify the truncated order of Volterra series and predominant Volterra kernels of the equivalent nonlinear system. The MGFRFs (modified generalised frequency response functions) of the equivalent nonlinear system is obtained from the data of the virtual source and response, and verified by comparing the response estimated by the MGFRFs with its true value. Therefore, the aimed subharmonic vibration system can be analysed by taking advantage of a truncated Volterra series based on the equivalent nonlinear system. Numerical simulations were carried out, whose results have shown that the proposed method is valid and feasible, and suitable to apply on representation and analysis of subharmonic vibration systems.
Laser Immunotherapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The ultimate control of cancer lies in the host's immune surveillance and defense system. Many immunotherapy strategies have been proposed to target cancer, including cytokine therapy, dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines, and immune-activating antibodies, either alone or in various combinations with other therapies. However, thus far, these immunotherapy strategies have yielded low response rates, usually in the range of 5%–10% among treated patients. Novel approaches are therefore needed to increase the efficacy of immunotherapies. Ideally, such novel approaches should achieve a potent systemic, tumor-specific immunological response through a minimally invasive, local intervention to suppress local tumors and at the same time eradicate metastases at distant sites, while providing antitumor immunity to the host with minimal adverse side effects.
The Shape of Fruit Recognition Using Matching Round

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Information extraction is an important part of the image processing. As the economic and technological development, the image quickly extracts information technology has been gained more needs and applications in many society fields. At home and abroad, there are many scholars to study how to quickly extract useful information from the image. Gray, binarization, the largest connected block extraction, contour extraction, corrosion, expansion and circle fitting technique have been used in this paper to match a known circle from a large number of irregular rounds.
Implication of dark bands in Miocene–Pliocene accretionary prism, Boso Peninsula, central Japan

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Thin, planar, dark, lamination-like bands are found in host siltstones in the Miocene-Pliocene metamorphosed Miura-Boso accretionary prism, southern Boso Peninsula, Japan. We classified the bands into four types on the basis of distribution, crosscutting relations, and internal textures. Type 1-1 dark bands are developed parallel to the bedding plane and do not include crushed or deformed grains within the band. Type 1-2 bands are also developed parallel to the bedding plane, but grain alignment within the band cuts obliquely across that in the host rock. Type 2 bands include ductilely deformed grains similar to an S-C′ structure, whereas type 3 bands have cataclastic grains. All the dark bands except type 1-1 (being an open fracture with little displacement) are shear bands or slip planes formed from sedimentation to accretion, although the formation mechanisms between the four types are different. These deformation bands are affected by the state of consolidation and magnitude of stress during formation, reflecting the deformation processes. Type 1-1 bands show evidence of independent particulate flow from excess pore-fluid-pressure generation, which occurs just after sedimentation. Type 1-2 bands are flexural-slip faults formed during formation of folds; type 2 bands are sliding planes formed from submarine landslides, whereas type 3 bands are thrust faults formed during accretion.
Women’s Secrets and Men’s Interests: Rituals of Childbirth and Northern Octavian

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The motivating crisis of the mid-fourteenth-century tail-rhyme romance Octavian is caused by the violent intrusion of the eponymous emperor into his wife's birth-chamber, or lying-in room.1 He intrudes at the instigation of his conniving mother, who has bribed a kitchen servant to join the delirious and exhausted new mother in her bed—nude. Upon his entrance, Octavian jumps to the obvious though erroneous conclusion that his wife is an adulteress. He deals with the situation with considerable dispatch, immediately beheading the terrified servant and tossing the severed head at his awakening wife. The slandered empress thus emerges from a premonitory nightmare only to enter a far more horrifying reality of violence, blood, and disgrace. This intrusion precipitates the central crisis of the plot, the scattering of the royal family and consequent endangering of the patrilineal line due to the violation and misrepresentation of the empress' lying-in room. Octavian's entrance into his wife's lying-in room breaks the codes through which births, particularly aristocratic births, were culturally constructed and represented in late medieval culture. Aristocratic births were configured within a matrix of gendered and political beliefs concerning the significance of the work performed within the lying-in room, work that could not be authorized or recognized if the crucial integrity of the space allotted for childbearing was broken.KeywordsPregnant WomanMale IntruderMale PresencePregnant BodyPostpartum BodyThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Epidemiology of the ten most common neoplasms.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Excluding skin cancer, the most prevalent cancers in Canada are those of lung, breast, colon and rectum, stomach, pancreas, uterus, ovary, prostate and bladder, besides leukemia and lymphomas. Those of the lung, and to a lesser extent pancreas and uterus and the lymphomas are increasing, while stomach, cervix and bladder in females are decreasing. The etiological factors believed relevant are discussed for each of these sites, but two are common to a number of sites: at least a third of cancer cases and 40% of cancer deaths are probably attributable to cigaret smoking and excess fat in the diet.
Disruption of adenosine metabolism increases risk of seizure‐induced death despite decreased seizure severity

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Objective Respiratory arrest plays an important role in sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Adenosine is of interest in SUDEP pathophysiology due to its influence on seizures and breathing. The objective of this investigation was to examine the role of adenosine in seizure severity, seizure‐induced respiratory disruption, and seizure‐induced death using mouse models. Understanding adenosinergic contributions to seizure cessation and seizure‐induced death may provide insights into how SUDEP can be prevented while avoiding increased seizure severity. Methods Our approach was to examine: (1) seizure severity and seizure‐induced death after 15 mA electroshock seizures and during repeated pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) administration in wild‐type mice ( Adk +/+ ) and transgenic mice with reduced adenosine metabolism ( Adk +/− ); (2) the postictal hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR) in wild‐type mice (the postictal HCVR could not be examined in Adk +/− mice due to their high mortality rate); and (3) the effects of adenosinergic drugs on seizure severity and seizure‐induced death following maximal electroshock (MES). Results Adk +/− mice were more vulnerable to seizure‐induced death in the 15 mA electroshock and repeated PTZ models. Despite increased mortality, Adk +/− mice had comparable seizure severity in the PTZ model and reduced seizure severity in the 15 mA electroshock model. Breathing and HCVR were suppressed by 15 mA electroshock seizures in wild‐type mice. Pharmacological inhibition of adenosine metabolism decreased MES seizure severity but did not increase mortality. A 1 selective and nonselective adenosine receptor antagonists increased seizure‐induced death following MES. Significance Adenosine has opposing effects on seizure severity and seizure‐induced death. On the one hand, our seizure severity data highlight the importance of adenosine in seizure suppression. On the other hand, our mortality data indicate that excessive extracellular adenosine signaling can increase the risk of seizure‐induced respiratory arrest.
Childhood epilepsy in Papua New Guinea.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A prospective study of 40 children with epilepsy was carried out between June 1990 and August 1991 at Port Moresby General Hospital. Half of the children had yet to start school. Significant features in their past medical histories were acute meningitis (38%), tuberculous meningitis (10%), febrile convulsions (10%) and head trauma (5%). Most cases had grand mal epilepsy (80%). The majority of the children with epilepsy (90%) were treated with a single drug, which was usually phenobarbitone. 22% had received more than one drug, but not simultaneously. Significant side-effects requiring change of treatment occurred in 10%. Disturbed behaviour was reported in 55% and 22% had a poor social outcome. 45% had complete control of fits clinically. This study showed that in Port Moresby acute meningitis is a significant cause of epilepsy in young children, the majority of whom present with grand mal epilepsy, which is usually controlled by phenobarbitone, a readily available and cheap drug and still a useful anticonvulsant in the developing world.
Antiviral Medication Use and Cost of Hepatitis Infected Diseases among 105 Hospitals in China from 2009 to 2013

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Due to their parasitic nature, viruses are not easy to treat clinically.Antiviral medications (antivirals) are a cost-effective method to reduce viral replication, and their use may decrease liver complications, hospitalizations, and mortality [1,2].However, very few antivirals are clinically effective for the long-term treatment of viral diseases.With the recent, rapid, and global spread of viral diseases such as influenza, viral hepatitis, and AIDS, the demand for antivirals has sharply increased, promoting the development of new drugs.An estimated 120 million people are infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in China, which accounts for about 1/3 of the total Antiviral Medication Use and Cost of Hepatitis Infected Diseases among 105 Hospitals in China from 2009 to 2013
DTIC ADA007779: Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloy-Graphite Fiber Composites

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The report discusses progress made on optimizing the mechanical properties of aluminum-graphite composites consolidated by liquid-phase hot pressing. Various matrix alloys, fabrication parameters, fiber fractions, and lay-up geometries are considered. The properties investigated include: tensile, compressive, and flexture strength; modulus; and fatigue.
Diagnosis of polypoid portal hypertensive enteropathy due to superior mesenteric vein thrombosis by capsule endoscopy and double-balloon enteroscopy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 46-year-old man with recently controlled retroviral infection was referred to our Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit for further investigation of recent onset, refractory ascites and a long-standing but stable mesenteric mass of indeterminate cause. There was no evidence of chronic liver disease. Analysis of the ascitic fluid revealed chylous ascites. Computed tomography of the abdomen showed a 2.6-cm mesenteric mass with associated desmoplasia encasing the superior mesenteric vein, ascites, and edema of the small bowel ([Fig. 1]). Although the radiologic appearances supported the presence of a neuroendocrine tumor, the results of biomarker (chromogranin A) and molecular imaging studies (octreotide scan, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, and gallium Ga 68 octreotate positron emission tomography) were all negative. Small-bowel capsule endoscopy demonstrated features of segmental portal hypertension with mucosal congestion and multiple pseudopolyps ([Fig. 2]) but no primary small-bowel tumor. Anterograde double-balloon enteroscopy confirmed the presence of a congested jejunal mucosa with lymphatic oozing ([Fig. 3]). Multiple polypoid lesions were observed ([Fig. 4], [Fig. 5]) within parts of the jejunum, and histologic examination of one of these lesions, retrieved at double-balloon enteroscopy, showed villous thickening and the proliferation of small blood vessels with edema of the lamina propria, in keeping with polypoid portal hypertension enteropathy ([Fig. 6]). Radiologic and surgical interventions (superior mesenteric vein stent insertion and portosystemic anastomosis, respectively) were not technically feasible, and the patient's refractory chylous ascites was therefore successfully managed with a trial of octreotide (Sandostatin; Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Basel, Switzerland).
Chromosome banding analysis (G-, R- and C-bands) of Rhipidomys nitela and a review of the cytogenetics of Rhipidomys (Rodentia : Sigmodontinae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Article Chromosome banding analysis (G-, R- and C-bands) of Rhipidomys nitela and a review of the cytogenetics of Rhipidomys (Rodentia : Sigmodontinae) was published on January 1, 2000 in the journal Mammalia (volume 64, issue 3).
Unlocking the Power of Event Sponsorship: How Attitudes and Brand Image Fuel Purchase Intentions

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Event sponsorship, as part of promotion, offers opportunities for brands to increase visibility through involvement in events that match the interests of the target audience. The method used in this research is quantitative method and will be analyzed with the Structural Equation Model (SEM). The target of this research is the audience of the Reality Club Concert which is presented in Jakarta sponsored by the Kapal Api brand. The sampling method is a non-probability sampling technique with a convenience sampling approach, then continued with a snowball sampling approach which is carried out by relying on personal contacts taken from the results of the previous approach, namely the results of convenience sampling. total respondents were 200 in this study. This study found that sponsor-event congruence significantly improved brand image and attitude toward sponsor, which in turn, improved purchase intention. In contrast, involvement and exposure to the sponsored event had no significant influence on attitude towards the sponsor. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that involvement and exposure to sponsored events do not have a significant effect on attitudes towards sponsors. However, sponsor-event congruence has a positive and significant influence on attitude towards the sponsor and brand image. In addition, brand image also has a positive and significant impact on attitude towards the sponsor. Finally, attitude towards sponsor and brand image have a positive and significant influence on purchase intention in the case study of Brand Kapal Api at Reality Club Concert.
Role of Stock Market Efficiency on Stimulating Domestic Financial Investment

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

AbstractThis research sought to study and analyze the role of the Iraqi stock market in attracting localinvestments at the level of all economic sectors in an attempt to assess the role of efficiency of thatmarket in the possibility of attracting those investments, which is the main step of economic growth inIraq and exit from oil rents and thereby maximizing non-oil revenues as well as assessing theattractiveness of the market to those investments through several indicators addressed and thereforethe research has reached a weak role of the financial market in attracting Attracting domestic savingsand investments to the financial market and thus suggesting that the market is inefficient in attractinginvestment to it in general, as the low value of the volume index to GDP means that the market weightin the national economy is weak, reflecting the low efficiency of its performance and activity.
Pan trap experiment: Week 4

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The lab was conducted by myself and 3 peers: Hassan, Enrique and Brad. The objective of the pan trap experiment, was to observe the amount of insects that were attracted and trapped in the 20 bowls in the woodlot and grassland area. It was hypothesized that the woodlot would show an increased amount of insects within the bowls then the bowls in the grasslands because of the vast amount of insects on the ground and in the trees in the forests which were observed visually. For the woodlot, Hassan and I filled 10 bowls (4 white, 5 yellow, 1 blue) with soapy water to approximately half of the bowl. The soapy water was used to trap the insects in the bowls in order to observe and record results. We then walked to the edge of the woodlot and placed the bowls of random color approximately a foot (7 feet) away from eachother around a decaying tree in an area with low light and lots of plants. We left the 10 bowls as they were for approximately 1 hour and 20 minutes.Observations collected sooner then anticipated (after 2 hours) due to environmental conditions. We then went to the grasslands and filled 10 bowls (6 blue, 4 white) with soapy water half way. We walked to the edge of the grassland in an open area with a few plants and placed the bowls of random color approximately a foot (7 feet) away from eachother. We left the 10 bowls as they were for approximately 1 hour and 20 minutes. We returned and first observed and recorded the bowl color and amount of insects in each bowl. We did the same for grasslands. The insects were released and the soapy water was poured out and the bowls were retrieved.
Polypropylene versus Polyester Mesh for Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair: Short-Term Results of a Comparative Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Polypropylene meshes are commonly used in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, although they may cause complications. In this prospective study, a polyester mesh was compared to a polypropylene mesh. Methods: Transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) laparoscopic repair was performed in 160 consecutive male patients suffering from unilateral inguinal hernia. The first 80 cases received a polypropylene mesh (Parietene, Covidien, France), and a polyester mesh (Parietex, Covidien, France) was implanted in the second half of patients. Both groups were comparable with respect to clinical and demographic variables. Patients rated their pain using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and ultrasonography was performed on postoperative days 1 and 3 to measure seroma formation. Results: The duration of surgery and the length of stay were similar in both groups. Postoperative pain, measured on day 1 and 3, was significantly less in patients who had received a polyester mesh as compared to the polypropylene group. The size of local seroma was also significantly reduced in the polyester group. Complication rates were 10% in the polypropylene and 9% in the polyester group and included one early recurrence in each group. Conclusions: Polyester meshes may be useful in TAPP, as this mesh material produces less foreign body reaction with less seroma formation and lower pain levels than conventional polypropylene.
Theology and Science in the Orthodox World: Some Doubts from a Latin Perspective

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Efthymios Nicolaidis et alii open their essay with what amounts to a paradox: they maintain that Orthodox Christianity “scarcely participated in the making of the new European science” but also quote John William Draper’s positive assessment of the openness of the Orthodox Church to the sciences. Whether they manage to resolve this paradox is unclear. This response to their overview suggests that they neglect two key elements: the categorical difference between medieval scientia and modern science; and the role of institutions such as universities and scientific societies. Furthermore, to gauge the relation of Orthodox Christianity to modern science, one would also have had to take the Russian Orthodox Church into account, as after the fall of Constantinople the Greek Orthodox Church was deprived of much of its political and institutional power.
Real-time camera tampering detection using two-stage scene matching

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We propose a tampering detection method using two-stage scene matching for real application with high efficiency and low false alarm rate. In the first stage, we use the intensity of edges as the main cue to detect the camera tampering events. Instead of using the entire edge points of the images, we sample the most significant edge points to represent the scene. Analyzing the edge variation with only the sample points, we discover that the events of camera tampering can be detected with low computation cost. Whenever the first stage detects the tampering event, the second stage is triggered to reduce false alarms. In the second stage, we propose an illumination change detector which can check the consistency of the scene structure using cell-based matching method. The experimental results demonstrate that our system can detect the camera tampering precisely and minimize false alarm even when the illumination changes dramatically or large crowds passing through the scene.