jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant (Retisert®) in the treatment of sight threatening macular oedema of juvenile idiopathic arthritis‐related uveitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose We describe eight patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis‐related chronic uveitis, who received a fluocinolone acetonide implant ( FAI , Retisert®, Bausch&Lomb) in one eye. All patients had poor visual acuity (VA) due to persistent macular oedema in one or both eyes despite treatment with antirheumatic medication. Methods Median age of the patients was 22.9 years (range, 14.1–39.7) and duration of uveitis 13.0 years (range, 6.8–28.4) at FAI implantation. Median preoperative best‐corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) was 0.1 (range, 0.05–0.4) and Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature, SUN ‐grade was SUN 2+ (range, 0.5–4.0). All patients had been treated extensively with systemic corticosteroids and antirheumatic drugs by the time of FAI implantation. The median follow‐up time was 5.3 years (range, 4.4–6.3). Results Macular edema resolved in a median time of 0.2 years (range, 0.04–0.39) after the FAI implantation. The median BCVA was 0.5–0.63 (range, 0.1–1.0) from 1 to 5 years of follow‐up. Macular edema did not recur in 5 eyes after the implantation. In three eyes, the macular oedema relapsed at 2.7, 2.9 and 5.5 years of follow‐up. All our patients needed antirheumatic drugs in addition to the FAI to treat their macular edema. During the follow‐up, 7 eyes required further intraocular operations: 4 cataract operations, 4 intraocular pressure ‐lowering operations and 1 retinal detachment surgery were performed. Conclusion Fluocinolone acetonide implant is a valuable option in the treatment of persistent macular edema associated with JIA ‐related uveitis refractory to systemic treatments.
To TOE or not to TOE? That is the question in patients with portal hypertension and varices

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We read with interest your recently published review by Cardenas and Gines on patients with cirrhosis, awaiting liver transplantation,1 with an emphasis on the high morbidity and mortality with variceal bleeding. Such patients may require a transoesophageal echocardiogram (TOE) to assess cardiorespiratory abnormalities potentially precluding a transplant, as well as for intraoperative haemodynamic monitoring and for investigation for endocarditis. However, the safety of performing a TOE in such patients is debated by clinicians due to the perceived risk of postprocedural bleeding.2 Three small studies have analysed post-TOE bleeding complications in patients with varices, having reported no bleeding in 26, 14 and 23 patients.3–5 We hypothesised that direct external trauma by the echocardiographic probe is unlikely to cause significant bleeding, as variceal bleeding is primarily caused by wall tension, a function of increasing variceal diameter and internal pressure.6 We therefore audited post-TOE bleeding rates at an Australian liver transplant referral centre in patients who had both varices or portal hypertension and a TOE based on International Classification of Diseases 10 coding from 1995 …
[Effects of perturbed geomagnetic field on connective tissue metabolism and some systems of homeostasis after hydroxyapatite implantation].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The influence of perturbed geomagnetic field (PGMF) on glucocorticoid, epinephrine, hydroxyproline content in intact rats and after intramuscular implantation of demineralized bone matrix and combined (hydroxyapatite/bone meal) samples was investigated. It was found that the exposure of the intact rats to PGMF led to decrease in free and peptide-bound hydroxyproline in plasma. In the rats with hydroxyapatite/bone meal samples placed in ectopic sites the exposure to PGMF normalized hydroxyproline, glucocorticoid and epinephrine content.
Quantitative analysis of ultrastructural components of nucleoli of the Walker tumor and liver.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Summary Nucleolar components were defined as fibrillar, granular or light areas on the basis of ultrastructural appearance. Quantitative measurements were made of these areas with the aid of a planimeter and the percentage of total nucleolar area composed of the various areas was determined. The highest content of fibrillar component was found in the nucleoli of the livers of actinomycin D-treated animals and the lowest was found in the Walker tumor. The Walker tumor nucleoli contained a number of regions that could be classified as fibrillogranular regions, but very few pure fibrillar regions were found. The finding that the percentage of the total nucleolar area composed of fibrillar regions was related in part to the adenylic acid + uridylic acid/guanylic acid + cytidylic acid ratio of nucleolar RNA supports previous suggestions that the fibrillar regions contain an RNA fraction richer in adenylic and guanylic acid.
Hematological, Biochemical, and Performance Adaptations in Amateur Soccer Players Following a 4-Week Preseason Training Period.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: We examined changes in hematological, biochemical, and hormonal biomarkers, along with endurance and explosive performance indices, in amateur soccer players over a 4-week preseason period. Methods: Thirteen players (age: 19.7 ± 2.0 years; body mass: 73.0 ± 6.8 kg; height: 180 ± 0.1 cm; body fat: 8.6 ± 3.5%) were monitored during a 4-week preseason program, which included 21 training days, three friendly matches, and four days of rest. Before and after this period, endurance capacity was evaluated using the Yo-Yo IR1 test, and leg power was assessed using the CMJ. Blood samples were collected for three consecutive days in week 1 and after week 4 to assess hematological and biochemical parameters. Internal load during all weeks was assessed with session RPE (sRPE). Results: There was a 25.5% increase in Yo-Yo IR1 distance (2123 ± 413 vs. 1560 ± 356 m, p = 0.002), with the estimated VO2max and the speed associated with VO2max (vVO2max) improving by 8.7% (49.5 ± 3.0 to 54.2 ± 3.5 mL/kg/min, p = 0.002) and 5.3% (16.0 ± 0.7 to 16.9 ± 0.6 km/h, p = 0.002), respectively. In contrast, CMJ performance in weeks 2-4 declined by 13.4-21.0% relative to baseline, while sRPE peaked during week 3 (4011 ± 440 AU). Hematological variables were mostly stable except for small increases in MCV and MCH (1.5-1.8%, p < 0.001), while there were significant reductions in urea (12%), uric acid (6.2%), and erythropoietin (33%). Conclusions: A 4-week preseason program substantially improved aerobic capacity yet compromised leg power. Changes in biomarker profiles suggest that the training load maintained an appropriate balance between overload and recovery. These findings provide valuable guidance for coaches seeking to optimize training protocols while minimizing the risk of overtraining and preventing injuries during the competitive season.
Analysis of a Band 7/MEC-2 Family Gene of Porphyromonas gingivalis

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

In vivo-induced antigen technology has previously been used to identify 115 genes induced in Porphyromonas gingivalis W83 during human infection. The aim of this study was to determine if one of these genes, PG1334, was important for the virulence of P. gingivalis. Analysis of plaque samples from persons with periodontitis revealed that PG1334 was expressed in 88.0% of diseased sites, compared with 42.1% of healthy sites, even though P. gingivalis was detected in equal numbers from both sites. A mutant of PG1334 was found to adhere to and to invade better than the parent strain, but did not persist as well in human coronary artery endothelial cells. Additionally, the mutant did not persist as well in a mouse abscess model. This gene appears to be important for the virulence of P. gingivalis, both in vivo and in vitro.
PERFORATION OF BOWEL DURING TREATMENT OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS WITH CORTICOTROPIN

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Corticotropin (ACTH) and, to a lesser extent, cortisone have recently been used in the treatment of nonspecific ulcerative colitis. As with other drugs used in the treatment of this disease, the results have varied widely. Pronounced improvement has been noted in some cases during corticotropin or cortisone therapy,1but only brief mention has been made of peritonitis and perforation during the course of therapy.1a,dOther reports on corticotropin or cortisone therapy have described the perforation of peptic ulcers during treatment.2Perforations of the small intestine have been reported in one patient with regional enteritis.1a It is our purpose to report three cases of peritonitis occurring among 17 patients with ulcerative colitis treated by us with corticotropin. Thirteen patients received 25 mg. of corticotropin every six hours intramuscularly for 17 to 30 days. Four patients received 20 mg. each day by continuous infusion over an eight hour
The Discovery of Oxathiapiprolin: A New, Highly-Active Oomycete Fungicide with a Novel Site of Action

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Oxathiapiprolin is the first member of a new class of highly-active oomycete fungicides, the piperidinyl thiazole isoxazolines. It acts via a novel fungal target, an oxysterol binding protein, resulting in excellent preventative, curative and residual efficacy against key diseases of grapes, potatoes and vegetables. Oxathiapiprolin is being developed globally as DuPont™ Zorvec™ disease control with first registration and sales anticipated in 2015. The discovery, optimization and efficacy of this new chemical class will be reviewed.
Controlling Rhododendron spp. in the Turkish Black Sea Region

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Rhododendrons (<I>Rhododendron ponticum</I> L. and <I>Rhododendron luteum</I> Sweet) dominate the understories of the mesic forests of the Black Sea Region (BSR) of Turkey. They dramatically reduce forest growth and regeneration and local plant diversity. This paper reports the results of a large rhododendron control experiment established on two different sites in the western and eastern BSR of Turkey 5 years after treatments (YAT). The paper also presents the second-year results of a second experiment in which the foliar herbicides of the previous experiment were tested on rhododendron at much lower rates on a western BSR site. Five YAT, grubbing and foliar spraying were still the best rhododendron control methods in the first experiment. Cut-stump spraying provided an intermediate level of woody control. Hand-cutting was ineffective on <I>R. ponticum</I> and did not significantly differ from the control treatment in rhododendron basal area 5 YAT. The performance ratings of foliar triclopyr ester and imazapyr for woody control in both experiments were rate dependent. At high rates ranging between 2.6 and 5.8 kg ae ha-1, foliar imazapyr controlled both rhododendron species significantly better than foliar triclopyr ester in the first experiment, suggesting enhanced imazapyr translocation to the roots. Some off-target damage was observed in the beech overstory for imazapyr at high rates. The performance ratings of these foliar herbicides were significantly reversed in the second experiment 2 YAT, where much lower rates were used (0.3-2.0 kg ae ha-1) than in the first experiment. Insufficient imazapyr accumulation in rhododendron roots might account for the poor impact of this herbicide. No beech damage was apparent from any of the herbicides in the second experiment. The low-rate foliar triclopyr ester is recommended for effective and cost-efficient rhododendron control.
P-83 RELEVANCE OF RENAL CHANGES IN A LARGE SERIES OF SEVERELY OBESE PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC ASSOCIATED FATTY LIVER DISEASE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Recently, the relationship between MAFLD and chronic kidney disease has raised more interest because this relationship may be an additional factor that interferes with the clinical course and prognosis of this frequent liver disease. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and clinical relevance of renal changes in severely obese patients. with MAFLD. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with obese patients (BMI > 35 Kg/m²) and MAFLD coming from a surgical treatment of obesity center between 2015 and 2018. MAFLD criteria: presence of steatosis (abdominal ultrasound); in addition to one of the following three criteria, overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and other features of metabolic disfunction. FIB-4 and APRI scores were used to define presence or evaluate liver fibrosis. Glomerular filtration rate was estimated by the CKD-EPI equation and the normal was considered ≥ 90 and <120 mL/min/1,73 m2. Results: A total of 394 individuals with MAFLD were included. Of these, 279 cases were female (70.8%) with a mean age of 36.8±10 years. Arterial hypertension was observed in 162(41.1%) of the subjects and 66 (16.8 %) had T2DM. Glomerular filtration rate of 60-89 ml/min was observed in 57 (14.5%), 31 of these were not arterial hypertension (54.4%) and 46 (80.7%) did no presented T2DM. Thirteen (3.3%) of the obese cases with MAFLD already had advanced fibrosis. Conclusion: The results show that severely obese with MAFLD may present renal alterations without other metabolic disfunction. The data also suggest that attention should be given to this complication in the obese patients, that can be the only risk factor to MAFLD.
Front Cover: Modeling Heterogeneity in UO2 Nanoparticles Using X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 7/2023)

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The Front Cover shows UO2 nanoparticles with a pictorial representation of the atoms (uranium in blue and oxygen in red). In this work, user-defined X-ray absorption spectroscopy models informed by surface relaxation effects and inherent surface disorder were generated and preferentially fit to experimentally derived data. The developed method enables representative local surface structure attributes to be extracted from bulk X-ray absorption spectroscopy data. Results show that the UO2 surface is highly disordered compared with the bulk structure, and this cannot be explained through surface relaxation effects alone. Additionally, this trend is notably not observed in 8 nm nanoparticles (which resemble the bulk), as it is in 1.4 and 4.7 nm particles. This suggests that there may be a critical domain size for ordering within UO2 nanoparticle surfaces. More information can be found in the Research Article by L. M. Moreau and co-workers.
Length-restricted coding using modified probability distributions

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The use of data compression has long been a central part of text databases and fast communication protocols. In many contexts, effective compression techniques use a minimum-redundancy prefix code. However, if the length of a codeword exceeds the machine word size, the decoding routines must be altered and lose efficiency. To avoid these complications, it is desirable to produce a prefix code with the constraint that no codeword should be longer than some constant. L.L. Larmore and D.S. Hirschberg's (1990) package-merge algorithm is a well-known method for producing minimum-redundancy length-restricted prefix codes, although other methods exist. In this paper, we present an alternative method for length-restricted coding which calculates an approximate code, rather than an optimal code, but which can be implemented to operate in linear time. This approach also has applications to non-length-restricted coding.
中心極限定理と無作為抽出 : ある実験的考察

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In many textbooks of statistics, we often see the central limit theorem says that if for each n∈N, Xn follows the same distribution with the mean μ and the variance σ2, then it suffices to take n≥25(or n≥5 and so on) so that the sample mean n= (X1+X2+ ···+Xn)/n approximately follows the normal distribution N(μ,σ2/n). In this paper we experimentally study the number n of random sampling which assures that the distribution of n is really apprioximated by N(μ,σ2/n).
The Influence of Training, Competency and Individual Characteristics on the Performance of Tapin District Health Service Employees

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The aim of this research is to test and analyze the partial and simultaneous influence of training, competency, and individual characteristics on the performance of employees in Tapin District Health Service. This explanatory research aims to explain the relationship, differences, or influence of the variabels training, competency, and individual characteristics on employee performance in Tapin District Health Service. The study population consisted of 96 employees from Tapin District Health Service. The sampling technique used in this research is a saturated sample, which means that the entire population of 96 employees was included in the sample. The research results show that: 1) Simultaneously, training, competency, and individual characteristics have a significant effect on the performance of employees in Tapin District Health Service. 2) Partially, training, competency, and individual characteristics have a significant effect on employee performance in Tapin District Health Service. 3) The variabel that has the most dominant influence on employee performance in Tapin District Health Service is competency.
Alcohol and Suicide - Durkheim Revisited

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper reviews Durkheim's theory of suicide, with particular reference to his treat ment of alcohol as a causal factor. It is argued that Durkheim views alcohol as an individual-level factor, rather than as a socio-cultural factor on a par with other social facts This conception is criticized, as is Durkheim's analysis of his data It is argued that the rate of alcohol abuse in society is a social fact that has an explanatory power beyond the level of individual suicides. Some possible causal links between the social suicide rate and rates of alcohol abuse are discussed.
CHARACTERISTIC OF CHANNEL CHANGES IN YOSASA-RIVER BY NASU FLOOD; AUGUST 1998

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Yosasa-river of northern Totigi located eastern part of Japan suffered the biggest flood disaster by the strong rain fall, August 26, 1998. The natural bank of Yosasa-river has special characteristics for lateral erosion, and therefore, such peerless phenomena occurred, that floodwater seriously broke down the river banks and the width of channel became three to five times as wide as the original width. Moreover, some new channels were formed. On these occasions many sands, gravels and trees were yielded and flowed out.In this paper, some characteristics of channel changes and their causes in Yosasa-river were discussed basing on the results of field survey.
Cruise ships and post-industrial port cities dynamics: an experimental sensory ethnographic approach to contemporary social, spatial and material interactions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This thesis proposes an experimental sensory ethnographic approach to investigate the phenomenon of cruise ship tourism, from an ashore perspective, with cruise terminals and their surroundings as key nodes to my research. My focus is on how these aquamobilities – as I designate them - are performed in, interact with, and co-produce, the places visited. The main aim of this thesis is to contribute with liveliness (Back, 2012a; Back and and Puwar, 2012) to visual sociology scholarship, and to bring further knowledge on an understudied mobilities phenomenon. Walking, photographing, and doing sound recordings, were the main practices mobilized in the (uneven) engagement with field places, complemented with participant observation, interviews and informal conversations. My multi-sited fieldwork was based in Lisbon (for six months), Barcelona (for three months), and included shorter periods in Tilbury, Dover, Bergen/Oslo, and Le Havre. A set of visual and aural materials gathered along this journey, key along the research process are, also, part of this thesis, as alternative, evidential and evocative, paths to knowledge. Theoretically, this work is framed by the new mobilities paradigm (Urry, 2000; Sheller and Urry, 2006b; Sheller, 2014), but further critical social sciences literature is mobilized, mostly with regards to post-industrial port cities and their waterfronts (Hoyle, 1994, 2000; Sieber, 1991; Chaline and Malta, 1994; Schubert, 2008), and to cruise ship tourism (Wood, 2002, 2006; Weaver, 2006; Chin, 2008; Clancy, 2008). Based on my empirical research, I will problematize the common understanding of infrastructures as fixed and immobile prevailing in the new mobilities paradigm (Hannam, Sheller, and Urry, 2006), arguing that cruise terminal infrastructures are rather elastic, dynamic, and partly mobile infrastructures. This research foregrounds both the everyday practices and long-term transformations that cruise aquamobilities are bringing to post-industrial port-cities – through new social, material, spatial and temporal dynamics.
[Delay in sexual development secondary to juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The angiofibroma of the nasopharynx is a benign tumor, sitting in the epipharynx of adolescents, but considered malignant owing to its local spreading power. Aside from the characteristics symptoms -nose bleeding and nasal obstruction- the A. of the paper has signaled a certain delay in the secondary sexual maturity of 2 of the 6 youth in all studied. In these 2 the tumor was detected at 9 and 12 years-of-age, respectively. Furthermore, these 2, showed destruction of inner structures of the nose when surgery was undertaken; adversely the other 4 showed normal inner nasal structures. The whole group was followed up for ten years, and only those 2 needed a treatment with chorionic gonadotrophin for the completeness of secondary sexual aspects.
Identifying psychological resistances to using logic in cognitive-behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp) that limit successful outcomes for patients

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The small to modest effect sizes of cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp) invite the question, do some treatments not succeed because patients mobilize psychological resistances to treatment that limit outcomes? This paper identifies 10 psychological resistances to CBTp, 7 that undermine the use of logic when examining delusional beliefs, and 3 best considered from a psychodynamic viewpoint. Resistances to progress in CBTp defined in the paper include logic evasion, logic monopolizing, logic blinding, logic partitioning, equivocation, reactive reassertion, feeling-percept fusion, mind-guarding, peripheral preoccupation, and external expectancy. When therapists recognize the operation of these defenses, they may aim to diminish their impact on the treatment. Ways the therapist might address these resistances in psychotherapy are suggested.