jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of group therapy based on Acceptance and Commitment (ACT) on loneliness and psychological adjustment in women after divorce

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Background & Aim: Psychological adjustment after divorce is one of the important related issues to divorce. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment to improving women's psychological adjustment and reducing loneliness after the divorce. Methods: The study population consisted of all divorced women that were referred to counseling centers for psychological problems in Tehran by 2016. Among the clients of zone eight of city of Tehran, 30 women were selected and were assigned to two groups. This study is a semi experimental with pre-post-test and control group. The obtained data were analyzed by MANCOVA methods in software SPSS21. Results: Based on the MANCOVA results, group therapy based on acceptance and commitment has been affective in improving Psychological adjustment and dimensions of abandonment, anger and grief (P=0.01). Conclusion: Acceptance and commitment therapy guides clients to acceptance of suffering and commitment to goals instead of avoiding experience. Awareness of the thoughts and feelings of loneliness and being in the here and now are lead to improve the adjustment.
The development of an automatic frequency response measuring and classification system for earphones

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study introduces an automatic classification system that uses an electroacoustic analyzer to measure the frequency response of earphones. This system was designed using the Pro/E package and improved via testing. The system controller used in the study is the Microchip PIC18F4520 microcontroller. The controller is connected to an electroacoustic analyzer and various motor drives to control the process. The classification system is divided into two parts. The first part is the placement of the earpiece into a matrix tray. Two electric tables and a linear rail are adopted to build a two-axis X-Y table. Then, a device is introduced onto the X-Y table that moves the earpiece to the correct point and drops it into a10×10 matrix tray. The second part is the classification mechanism. According to the results of the frequency response, the earpieces can be organized into eight classes. When receiving the classification results from the frequency response measuring device, the controller will plot the shortest path for moving an earpiece. Thereafter, the specified class number will be recovered and the coordinates of the X-Y table reset.This study proposes to establish an automatic classification system for earphones. Each earpiece will be appropriately dropped into the correct position within the classified matrix tray when the frequency response’s classification is complete and the message forwarded to the controller.
Physician step prescription and monitoring to improve ARTERial health ( SMARTER ): A randomized controlled trial in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aims There are few proven strategies to enhance physical activity and cardiometabolic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. We examined the effects of physician‐delivered step count prescriptions and monitoring. Methods Participants randomized to the active arm were provided with pedometers and they recorded step counts. Over a 1‐year period, their physicians reviewed their records and provided a written step count prescription at each clinic visit. The overall goal was a 3000 steps/day increase over 1 year (individualized rate of increase). Control arm participants were advised to engage in physical activity 30 to 60 min/day. We evaluated effects on step counts, carotid femoral pulse wave velocity ( cfPWV , primary) and other cardiometabolic indicators including haemoglobin A1c in diabetes (henceforth abbreviated as A1c) and Homeostasis Model Assessment‐Insulin Resistance ( HOMA‐IR ) in participants not receiving insulin therapy. Results A total of 79% completed final evaluations (275/347; mean age, 60 years; SD , 11). Over 66% of participants had type 2 diabetes and over 90% had hypertension. There was a net 20% increase in steps/day in active vs control arm participants (1190; 95% CI , 550‐1840). Changes in cfPWV were inconclusive; active vs control arm participants with type 2 diabetes experienced a decrease in A1c (−0.38%; 95% CI , −0.69 to −0.06). HOMA‐IR also declined in the active arm vs the control arm (ie, assessed in all participants not treated with insulin; −0.96; 95% CI , −1.72 to −0.21). Conclusions A simple physician‐delivered step count prescription strategy incorporated into routine clinical practice led to a net 20% increase in step counts; however, this was below the 3000 steps/day targeted increment. While conclusive effects on cfPWV were not observed, there were improvements in both A1c and insulin sensitivity. Future studies will evaluate an amplified intervention to increase impact.
EXPLORING APPLICATIONS OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Blockchain provides a secure decentralized information management system that can solve many common problems facing the construction industry. The loose structure of the construction industry, the way that public and private projects are tendered, and the supply chain system it uses for material and service delivery provide unique challenges and problems. New information technology management systems such as BIM and RFID are used to address some of these issues, though not completely. Blockchain technology can be used to further improve the information management systems in construction, provide more automation and mitigate many possible legal conflicts by default. Implementation of blockchain technology in the construction industry can also result in the use of smart contracts with fewer administrative struggles, improve the flow of the project, material, and service delivery, and increase the security and currentness of BIM or project documents. This study aims to explore the applications of blockchain technology in improving the construction industry's information management systems. It is concluded that not only the blockchain technology has potential in addressing some of the common problems in the construction industry but also it is adaptable to the construction industry structure and the way it is practiced. Thus, blockchain technology is a viable option for adaptation in the construction industry.
Effects of the Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor Buprofezin on Survival and Development of Immatures ofChrysoperla rufilabris(Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Effects of buprofezin (Applaud), a chitin synthesis inhibitor, on survival and development of eggs, three instars, and pupae of Chrysoperla rufilabris (Burmeister) were determined in the laboratory. Buprofezin at three tested concentrations (100, 500, and 1,000 mg [AI]/liter) did not affect the viability and development of eggs when the eggs were treated, or third instars and pupae when those stages were treated. Although the degree of effects by buprofezin on larvae varied with instar, buprofezin at the higher concentrations (500 and 1,000 mg [AI]/liter) reduced survival rates 17-47% and prolonged the overall development from first instars to adult emergence by 2 or 3 d when first instars were treated, indicating that the first instar is the most vulnerable stage. When second instars were treated, the survival of C. rufilabris from second instars to pupae was not significantly affected. However, the developmental time from second instar to adult emergence was longer in the treatments with the highest concentration (1,000 mg [AI]/liter) than that with the lowest concentration (100 mg [AI]/liter). The compatibility of buprofezin with natural enemies in integrated pest management programs is discussed.
Practical Speech Re-use Prevention in Voice-driven Services

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Voice-driven services (VDS) are being used in a variety of applications ranging from smart home control to payments using digital assistants. The input to such services is often captured via an open voice channel, e.g., using a microphone, in an unsupervised setting. One of the key operational security requirements in such setting is the freshness of the input speech. We present AEOLUS, a security overlay that proactively embeds a dynamic acoustic nonce at the time of user interaction, and detects the presence of the embedded nonce in the recorded speech to ensure freshness. We demonstrate that acoustic nonce can (i) be reliably embedded and retrieved, and (ii) be non-disruptive (and even imperceptible) to a VDS user. Optimal parameters (acoustic nonce's operating frequency, amplitude, and bitrate) are determined for (i) and (ii) from a practical perspective. Experimental results show that AEOLUS yields 0.5% FRR at 0% FAR for speech re-use prevention upto a distance of 4 meters in three real-world environments with different background noise levels. We also conduct a user study with 120 participants, which shows that the acoustic nonce does not degrade overall user experience for 94.16% of speech samples, on average, in these environments. AEOLUS can therefore be used in practice to prevent speech re-use and ensure the freshness of speech input.
Materials Data on RbC2 by Materials Project

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

RbC2 crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/nmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Rb1+ is bonded in a distorted q4 geometry to ten C+0.50- atoms. There are a spread of Rb–C bond distances ranging from 3.06–3.51 Å. There are two inequivalent C+0.50- sites. In the first C+0.50- site, C+0.50- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to five equivalent Rb1+ and one C+0.50- atom. The C–C bond length is 1.26 Å. In the second C+0.50- site, C+0.50- is bonded to five equivalent Rb1+ and one C+0.50- atom to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing CRb5C octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 20°.
Diagnostic Utility of the 23-gene Expression Profile Test for an Atypical Intradermal Melanocytic Proliferation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ancillary tests such as immunohistochemistry (IHC) and gene expression profile (GEP) testing may be needed to arrive at a definitive diagnosis for some atypical melanocytic neoplasms. A 34-year-old male with a family history of melanoma presented with a large, heterogeneous melanocytic lesion on the cheek. Histopathological review of two biopsies revealed an atypical intradermal melanocytic proliferation with spitzoid features without ulceration or regression. Scattered mitotic figures were identified. In addition to performing SOX10 IHC, PRAME and HMB45 staining highlighted weak, patchy positivity that was stronger in superficial, pleomorphic melanocytes (Ki-67, 5-7% mitotic rate). Based on these concerning but ambiguous IHC results and lingering concern for melanoma reiterated by other consulting dermatopathologists, the 23-GEP was requested for both specimens, which both returned a malignant result. The inconclusive histopathological features of malignancy were resolved by 23-GEP testing, facilitating a final diagnosis of malignant melanoma (pT3a, 2.5 mm Breslow depth, Clark's level IV).
Massive intravascular hemolysis with organ failure due to Clostridium perfringens: evidence of intracytoplasmic C. perfringens

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

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A 66-year-old diabetic man presented with breathlessness, vomiting, and fever. His initial blood count demonstrated hemoglobin 135 g/L (130-175), platelets 155 × 109/L (150-400), and white blood cells 18.3 × 109/L (4-11). His hemoglobin fell rapidly over 6 hours to 44 g/L,
Cardiopulmonary bypass impairs vascular endothelial relaxation: effects of gaseous microemboli in dogs

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Gaseous microemboli during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may injure the vascular endothelium and interfere with intrinsic vasomotion. We tested whether gaseous microemboli reduced the vasodilator response to acetylcholine (ACh, 10(-9)-10(-6) M) and potentiated the vasoconstrictor response to norepinephrine (NE, 3 x 10(-8)-10(-4) M). Arteries from 18 dogs were excised before and after 120 min 28 degrees C CPB using membrane (n = 9) and bubble (n = 9) oxygenators to produce microemboli, which were quantitated by Doppler. Five nonbypassed dogs were controls. In isolated vessel rings, the 50% effective dose (ED50) values for ACh (10(-8) M) and NE (10(-7) M) responses were calculated. Mean microemboli count per minute was 0 +/- 0 in the control group, 1.0 +/- 0.4 in the membrane group (P < 0.05 vs. controls), and 46.9 +/- 8.4 in the bubble group (P < 0.05 vs. control and membrane groups). ACh ED50 values did not change in controls but increased in the membrane group from 4.01 +/- 1.52 to 5.66 +/- 1.39 (P < 0.05) and in the bubble group from 2.32 +/- 0.56 to 7.21 +/- 1.90 (P < 0.05). The change in ED50 was greater for bubble than for membrane animals (P < 0.05) but did not correlate with microemboli number (bubble: r = 0.392, P = 0.297; membrane: r = 0.058, P = 0.802). NE responses were similar in all groups. Hypothermic CPB reduces ACh-induced dilation of the canine femoral artery independent of the incidence of gaseous microemboli.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Biphasic Modulation by ACTH‐Like Peptides of Protein Synthesis in a Cell‐Free System from Rat Brain

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract— Brain protein synthesis in a cell‐free system was stimulated by 10 8 m ‐ACTH 1‐24 . This stimulatory effect was completely inhibited by aurintricar‐boxylic acid (ATA), an inhibitor of reinitiation of new peptide chains. The N‐terminal peptide sequence 4‐ 10 exerted a biphasic modulation of cell‐free protein synthesis, i.e., a stimulation at low concentrations (10 −8 and 10 −10 m ) and an inhibition at a high concentration (10 −4 m ). The d ‐isomer, ACTH 4‐10 ‐7‐ d ‐phe, also showed a biphasic modulation that, however, was in a direction opposite to that shown by ACTH 4‐10 ‐7‐ l ‐pheat 10 −8 m and 10 −4 m .
Filling the gaps: how the non-faculty mentor role contributes to the doctoral program support structure

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate mentors' and mentees' perspectives of the mentor role within an education doctoral mentoring program at a mid-sized public institution. Design/methodology/approach Data from individual interviews with mentors and mentees were collected as part of a larger case study of a doctoral mentoring program. Mentees were doctor of education (EdD) students in their first and second years of the program. Mentors were identified as individuals who graduated from or are further along in the doctoral program. Five ( N = 5) mentees and seven ( N = 7) mentors participated in interviews, which were then transcribed and coded to identify emergent themes, along with transcripts of presentations given by the mentors. Findings Four themes emerged within the data: differentiating support roles, mentoring as a way to identify gaps in doctoral student needs, mentoring as support for doctoral student success and ways to provide suggestions for mentoring program improvement. Results indicated that mentors and mentees viewed the mentor role as being unique from the roles of faculty advisor and dissertation chair. Mentors and mentees alike responded positively to virtual mentoring. Research limitations/implications Participation by mentors and mentees was limited to first- and second-year doctoral students; thus, dissertation-stage students' perceptions of mentoring could not be determined. Implications include the value of mentoring in filling the gaps of support for doctoral students and the capability of mentoring programs to be adapted to unexpected circumstances such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Originality/value This study targets scholar-practitioner students in an EdD program, who are often overlooked by mentoring literature, and distinguishes research between faculty mentoring and mentoring performed by other students/recent graduates. Additionally, the pandemic gave the authors an opportunity to explore adapting mentoring to virtual formats.
The Maglemosian skeleton from Koelbjerg, Denmark revisited: identifying sex and provenance

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Koelbjerg individual, dated c. 8500 cal BC, represents the earliest human skeletal remains described from Scandinavia. Based on ancient DNA, strontium isotope and statistical anthropological analyses the individual’s sex, haplogroup and geographical provenance are here analysed and discussed. In contrast to previous claims, our genetic and anthropological analyses show that this individual was a male. Additionally, the strontium isotope ratio of one of his first molars indicates that he most likely grew up locally.
Outline of “Guidelines for Waterproofing System for Bridge Decks 2016” of Japan Society of Civil Engineers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

土木学会では，近年の床版防水システムに関する基礎知識や不具合事例などを整理した道路橋の床版防水システムガイドラインを作成した。床版防水システムは，床版，床版防水層，排水設備，床版防水層上の舗装を一体としたシステムとして計画・設計することが重要である。また，システムに携わる異なる分野の技術者が連携して施工・管理することで所定の性能を発揮するものであり，各技術者が一様な知見を有している必要がある。このため，本ガイドラインは床版防水システムに携わる異分野の技術者らが一貫した基礎知識を習得できるよう分かりやすく整理したので，その概要を紹介する。
Religion, History, Values, and Sexual and Reproductive Health Policy in China versus the U.S.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The UN’s 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) lay a roadmap to better environmental sustainability, living standards, social equality, and more across developed and developing nations. Among those were goals designed to address gender inequality and promote female autonomy by ensuring widespread access to sexual and reproductive healthcare. However, a solution cannot be implemented before determining potential roots or agitators to the issue. This essay, through a comparison of policies in the U.S. and China, explores the correlation between a nation’s culture and its citizens’ access to sexual and reproductive healthcare. The outcome of this analysis suggests that American cultural values (Christianity, individualism, democracy, and openness) sometimes lead to reduced access to reproductive healthcare. Eighteen American states have enacted some form of termination ban, though contraceptives remain constitutionally protected. On the other hand, Chinese cultural values (collectivism, totalitarianism, utilitarianism, and privacy) correlate with increased access, as terminations and contraceptives are both legal and widely accessible. Prevalence rates of contraception and terminations in China result in fewer unmet family planning needs.
Dynamic measurement of carbon fiber bundles and single fibers

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The measurement of the mechanical behaviours of carbon-fiber bundles and three types of single fibers, namely carbon fibers, pure CNT fibers and composite CNT fibers, at both quasi-static and high strain rates is featured in this study. To determine the tensile behaviours at high strain rates, two novel types of free-falling Hopkinson tension bars were designed. Finite element analysis was done using Simulia Abaqus to study the dynamic failure mechanisms of single fibers.
Two New Species of Dacrymyces (Dacrymycetales, Basidiomycota) from Southwestern China

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two new species of Dacrymyces, D. cerebriformis and D. sinostenosporus, are presented from southwestern China, based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses. Dacrymyces cerebriformis is characterized by obviously cerebriform basidiomata when mature, hyphae without clamp connections, and hyaline, thin-walled, allantoid, 0–7-septate basidiospores (18.4–23.1 × 5.5–7.7 μm). Dacrymyces sinostenosporus is characterized by discoid and applanate basidiomata when mature, hyphae without clamp connections, and hyaline, thin-walled, cylindrical to allantoid, 0–7-septate basidiospores (18.0–23.5 × 6.3–8.0 μm). Dacrymyces cerebriformis can be distinguished from D. sinostenosporus by the narrower thin- or thick-walled terminal cells in the marginal hyphae of the sterile surface (1.7–3.5 μm vs. 3.5–6.0 μm in diameter) and thinner basidiospores (Q = 3.14–3.28 vs. Q = 2.63–2.77). A phylogenetic analysis of Dacrymyces is performed by using a dataset composed of concatenated internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) and a large subunit (nrLSU) of ribosomal DNA gene, and two new species nested in two distinct lineages with robust support. A full description and illustrations of the two new species are provided here.
Medication errors: integrating individual and system accountability

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Journal Article Medication errors: integrating individual and system accountability Get access Lawrence A. Trissel, FASHP Lawrence A. Trissel, FASHP Director Clinical Pharmaceutics Research Program The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center 1515 Holcombe Boulevard Houston, TX 77030 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, Volume 56, Issue 12, 15 June 1999, Pages 1263–1264, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/56.12.1263 Published: 15 June 1999
Cross-cultural studies on organizational strategies for shipping firms : aspect of masculinity/femininity (assertiveness/humane orientation), long-term/short-term orientation (future orientation) and mastery/harmony

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The research investigates the influence of organizational culture on the strategy implementation of the shipping companies in the three continents: the United States, Europe and Asia. The recommendations of the organizational cultures and strategies to be implemented in Singapore shipping companies are also included in the research. The framework of this report is based on a comprehensive review of past literatures, primary and secondary data. Literature review includes the dimensions of organizational culture and the influence of organizational culture on companies in each of the three continents, Singapore and other industries. Primary data includes eight interviews conducted with the professionals from the shipping companies in the three continents. On the other hand, secondary data includes annual and sustainability reports of the nine shipping companies in the three continents and three shipping companies in Singapore. The findings indicate that shipping companies from all the three continents are long-term oriented. In addition, only shipping companies from the United States are inclined towards the mastery dimension whereas shipping companies from Europe and Asia are inclined towards the harmony dimension. Furthermore, shipping companies in the United States and China exhibit masculinity characteristics while shipping companies in Europe (Denmark, the United Kingdom and Germany), Japan and South Korea exhibit femininity characteristics. Moreover, financial analysis based on the free cash flow (FCF) and return on equity (ROE) was conducted on the nine shipping companies in the three continents and it is determined that Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK) is the benchmark for Singapore shipping companies due to its increasing trend in FCF and positive ROE. Therefore, the recommendations of the dimensions of organizational cultures such as long-term orientation, harmony and femininity are proposed to shipping companies in Singapore. However, other factors such as the size of the company also influence the recommendations proposed. Lastly, conclusions, limitations of the research such as time constraints and recommendations for future research are made based on the research findings.