jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Exploratory Studies of Mechanical Properties, Residual Stress, and Grain Evolution at the Local Regions near Pores in Additively Manufactured Metals

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Directed energy deposition (DED) is gaining widespread acceptance in various industrial applications since its unique manufacturing features allow the DED to print metallic parts with very complex geometries. However, DED inevitably generates a lot of internal pores which can limit the widespread applications of the DED technique. The current studies on DED porosity are mostly focused on analyzing pores’ bulk-scale influences on mechanical properties and performances. Since DED pores have a micro-scale existence, with dimensions ranging from a few microns to several hundred microns, it is fundamental to explore the pores’ influences on the micro-scale, including local mechanical properties, residual stress, and grains near pores. However, this important research direction has been neglected. The objective of this work is to fill the above gap in DED porosity research and acquire a fundamental understanding of the role of porosity on a microscopic scale. The authors used nanoindentation approaches to investigate internal pores’ effects on mechanical properties and residual stress in local regions surrounding the pores. In addition, the grains near pores were observed through EBSD, and simulated with the Kinetic Monte Carlo model. The research findings can be provided for DED researchers and industrial practitioners as technical guidance. Most importantly, the research results can work as a good reference for tracing the source of bulk-scale mechanical performances and properties of DED parts with internal pores.
Massive hyper-progression during anti-PD1 immunotherapy in a young patient with metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma of the right colon: a case report and literature review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically changed the treatment landscape of both solid and hematological malignancies, including tumors historically considered “non-immunogenic”, such as colorectal cancer (CRC). The increasing use of immunotherapy brought to light novel patterns of response due to its intrinsic mechanism of action. Besides the “pseudo-progression”, another peculiar phenomenon linked to ICIs activity is the “hyper-progression” (HP), namely a paradoxical disease acceleration during immunotherapy. This event, which suggests potentially deleterious effects of immunotherapy, has not been yet completely understood and lacks strict definition criteria, pathogenetic characterization as well as predictive factors. In this report, we present a case of an atypical massive progression in a 40-years old man with metastatic mucinous right colon cancer harboring high microsatellites instability (MSI-H), occurring after 2 cycles of pembrolizumab as first line therapy. Unfortunately, he experienced a widespread cancer dissemination for massive bone colonization and both numerical and volumetric increase of pre-existing node metastasis associated with rapid clinical worsening, which were suggestive for HP. To our knowledge, this is one of the few cases of HP in metastatic CRC that has been reported, particularly with a so rapid clinical deterioration and massive skeletal involvement. Other experiences and further studies are warranted to better understand this phenomenon and anticipate its recognition.
Managing Translation Exposure and Accounting for Financial Transactions

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This chapter explains that translation or accounting exposure refers to the impact of changes in currency values on a firm's consolidated financial statements. Differences between translation methods arise when some accounts are translated at current exchange rates and other accounts are translated at historical exchange rates. This chapter describes the foreign currency translation method used in the United States, Financial Accounting Standard No. 52 (FAS #52) “Foreign Currency Translation” of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). This method is very similar to the translation accounting method recommended by the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). Reasons for and against hedging the firm's translation exposure to currency risk are then discussed. Hedge accounting for derivative transactions concludes the chapter.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Synergistic Leukemia Eradication by Combined Treatment with Retinoic Acid and HIF Inhibition by EZN-2208 (PEG-SN38) in Preclinical Models of PML-RARα and PLZF-RARα–Driven Leukemia

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>Supplementary Figure 3: EZN-2208 affects leukemic stromal cell numbers.</p>
The effect of methyl eugenol exposure on subsequent mating performance of sterile males of Bactrocera dorsalis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Methyl eugenol (ME) is ingested and used by several fruit fly species of the genus Bactrocera as a precursor of the sexual pheromone produced by adult males. This can result in an increase in male sexual activity and performance, which is important to the development of an effective sterile insect technique programme in China. The effect of ME on mating competitiveness, multiple mating, and the incidence of female remating were studied in sterile males from a genetic sexing strain of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) irradiated with 100 Gy of 137 Cs. The results obtained in field cages showed that feeding on ME did not increase the frequency of multiple mating by sterile males, but significantly increased the mating competitiveness of sterile males against that of semi‐wild males. At the same time, sterile males fed ME did not significantly affect the remating of semi‐wild females 5 days after the initial mating with a semi‐wild male, but the ME‐fed males increased the remating frequency of females 10 and 15 days after the initial mating.
Documentation Status Socialization as an Ethnic-racial Socialization Dimension: Incorporating the Experience of Mixed-status Latinx Families

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Ethnic-racial socialization (ERS) serves as a protective factor in the development of minority children. However, few studies have focused on mixed-status Latinx families to include the broad expression of their ethnic-racial socialization practices centering on their immigration experiences as they teach their children the risks and restrictions of having undocumented status. These parents adapt their ERS in accordance with their experiences of stress, fear, and discrimination, all of which shape the type and frequency of their socialization messages. Through documentation status socialization, Latinx parents forewarn their children of the inequities associated with their ethnic-racial group and undocumented status, including possible family separation. They also teach children about nativity differences and the attendant privilege of having documented status. This manuscript highlights insights to be gained by considering documentation status socialization as an ERS dimension within Latinx families. Learning about the specific ERS practices of such an understudied group is a social justice issue with important implications for understanding how these families might adapt and respond to their social context, especially amidst a political environment that engenders fear and isolation throughout their community. Including documentation status socialization in the ERS literature is a crucial step towards developing a deeper understanding of how the structural and social forces operating within the lives of undocumented immigrants impact normative family processes that ultimately exert an influence on their children’s development. A discussion on implications for practitioners and service providers working with this population is also included.
Public Banks, Public Purpose, and Early Actions in the Face of Covid-19

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With the outbreak of the global Covid-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns, economic activity came to a grinding halt as demands for financial support in health, business, and government skyrocketed. In spring 2020 we assembled a team of experts to conduct rapid response research on how public banks worldwide responded to the Covid-19 crisis. The team employed case study methods to examine cases in the global north and south. A synthesis of our findings is presented here. We conclude that the most promising public bank responses to the crisis were those substantively guided by public purpose. Where public purpose had a more challenging relationship to public bank responses, the responses were more ambiguous and more difficult to differentiate from private banks. This rapid response study also points to promising lessons for how public banks can help to catalyse momentum to 'build forward better' and it raises a series of questions in need of further research.
Pasture grasses and forage plants, and their seeds, weeds, and parasites

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

break in the clouds is that afforded by the investigations of Sir John B. Lawes, but those, while highly valuable, are only directed to one branch of the subject, viz., to the question of the effects and value of manures in different combinations on the growth and character of the grasses, &c.On the Continent of Europe and in North America, on the other hand, there has been a great activity of inquiry into those subjects.Dr. Stebler, of the Swiss Governmental Seed Control Station, in his wonderfully complete work on "The Best Forage Plants," makes reference to an astounding number of works, published in Germany alone, on the subject of the grasses ; and Dr. Vasey, of the United States Department of Agriculture, quotes a long list of works on the grasses of the United States, some of which are treatises on the grasses of a single State.The reports issued by the United States Department of Agriculture afford evidence of much valuable leading and assistance given to the cause of agriculture (in particular to the subject of the grasses) in the great Republic of the West; and in Denmark the agricultural schools and the Copenhagen seed-testing station (subsidised by the Government) are centres of activity and investigation.The various German
Basic study of soft tissue augmentation by adipose-inductive biomaterial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Reconstructive surgery for tumor resection, trauma, and congenital anomaly involves volume augmentation with autologous tissue transfer. However, a healthy region is damaged as a donor site, and the autologous tissue is transferred like a patchwork to the recipient site. We have attempted to induce adipogenesis activity in artificial biomaterial that is injectable with an injection needle for soft tissue augmentation. First of all, the optimal dose of pioglitazone hydrochloride was examined with adipo-precursor cells in terms of the proliferator-activated receptor-γ mRNA expression levels affected by reagent in vitro. Then, salmon collagen with pioglitazone was adjusted in terms of the dose and the salmon collagen was injected into mouse back using an injection needle in vivo. At 4 weeks after implantation, the pioglitazone collagen gel was substituted by mature adipocytes in comparison with the case for control collagen gel without pioglitazone. These results are indicative of the possibility of promoting adipogenesis using collagen with pioglitazone as an adipose-inductive substance.
Information Technology Project Management to Achieve Efficiency in Brazilian Companies

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This chapter focuses on applying the best practices in Information Technology (IT) project management in Brazil. The theoretical models adopted to discuss this issue are the Capability Maturity Model - CMM (Humphrey, 1989; Paulk et al., 1995), Project Management Maturity Model – PMMM (Kerzner, 2000 and 2001); the Project Management Body of Knowledge - PMBoK (PMI, 2000), and Quality Systems for software - ISO9000-3 (2001) and ISO 12207 (1995). Several problems have been discussed regarding the efficiency of IT projects. Evaluation of efficiency is a controversial issue, and meeting project efficiency goals involves balancing scope expectations and the available resources. This chapter presents IT project cases in Brazilian companies and a comparative analysis of their IT projects management models. The study is based on multiple cases: financial services, telecommunications and building materials companies. Interviews with the main actors from different levels of the organisational hierarchy have been done.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
NTRK translocation: from general to specific

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The molecular-genetic profile of lung cancer is highly diverse, complicating the formation of a unified patient portrait and necessitating the incorporation of specific genetic testing into diagnosis. There are key mechanisms for the activation of oncogenes, including point mutations, copy number changes (amplifications), and fusions, which are observed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Modern molecular-targeted therapy for patients with NSCLC increases the duration of disease control and, in some cases, can transform a once-fatal disease into a chronic condition. Currently, the standard testing panel includes the identification of mutations in the EGFR gene (exons 18–21), ALK translocations, ROS1 translocations, and BRAF V600E mutations. However, less common alterations such as RET and NTRK translocations also occur. The use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) allows for the identification of rarer genetic alterations. NTRK gene fusions are considered oncogenic factors for various solid tumors in both adults and children. The prevalence of NTRK gene alterations varies by tumor type. However, in lung cancer, this type of genetic alteration is rare, with an overall prevalence of less than 3%, and typically the occurrence rate is less than 1%. Currently, three drugs have been included in international clinical guidelines as potential treatment options for NTRK translocations, demonstrating their effectiveness. Several other drugs are at various stages of clinical trials. In this review, we will highlight the existing data for a better understanding of the patient profile with NTRK and present a clinical case.
Evaluation of anatomo-radiological outcomes of volar plating for volar displaced distal radius fractures

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anatomo-radiological outcomes of volar displaced distal radial fractures managed by volar plating. Methods: It was a retrospective analytical and monocentric study performed within 8 years from 01 January 2014 to 31 December 2022; at the orthopedic and traumatological department of the university hospital Idrissa Pouye in Dakar (Republic of Senegal). All the patients managed by volar plating for volar displaced distal radial fractures during the period of the study were included; those managed through another treatment option, lost and whose folders could not be explored were excluded. Clinically, the patients were evaluated at the last follow up thanks to the Green and O’Brien scale; radiologically, the comparison was done among the preoperative, postoperative and the last follow up standard lateral view and antero-posterior view of the wrist. Results: There were 37 patients (31 males and 6 females), the average age was 40 years old with a range from 18 to 66 years old. The minimum follow-up was 10 months. The clinical results showed at the last follow up an average functional Green and O’Brien scale of 80.2 with a range from 15 to 95. The postoperative radiological results showed the average radial frontal tilt of 21.3° with a range from 11° to 25°; the average radial sagittal tilt of 12.6° with a range from 10° to 15° and the average ulnar-radial index of 0mm with a range from -2 to +2. Three cases of radiocarpal arthrosis were found. Conclusions: The volar plating of volar displaced distal radial fractures constitutes the indication of choice in order to restore the normal anatomy of the wrist and its function.
HUMAS SEBAGAI FASILITATOR KOMUNIKASI DALAM MENANGANI KELUHAN PELANGGAN WILAYAH SIDOARJO TERKAIT DITARIKNYA SUBSIDI LISTRIK 900 VA

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The state electricity company is a state-owned enterprise engaged in the field of electricity. The state electricity company that deals with customer service, namely the distribution section. The state electricity company is an electricity industry that has the potential for people's lives. PT. The Sidoarjo regional electricity company is one of the state electricity companies engaged in the distribution of electricity for customer service management and electricity network services. However, recently there were customer complaints regarding the withdrawal of 900 VA electricity subsidies, this withdrawal was due to policies from the government which were considered to be inadequate to obtain electricity subsidies. Teratric researchers to examine this research because the case experienced just happened and the researchers wanted to know how the process carried out by PR in completing the case. From the study, it was adjusted the results that the poorer communities could still get electricity subsidies by submitting a certificate of incapacity from the kelurahan. This research method uses a qualitative approach and uses descriptive types of research. The literature review used is a functional approach using an open system model with a "two-way symmetrical" approach from the results of this study that public relations succeeded in carrying out its role as a communication facilitator.Keywords: Communication Facilitators, Public relations, Customer
Marmor knee arthroplasty : a patho-anatomical and clinical investigation with a study of systemic reactions to the operation, an objective gait analysis and application of a new calculation model for determining the hospital costs of the procedure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Marmor knee arthroplasty : a patho-anatomical and clinical investigation with a study of systemic reactions to the operation, an objective gait analysis and application of a new calculation model for determining the hospital costs of the procedure
Smoothing Effect of a New α-Glucosidase Inhibitor BAY m 1099 on Blood Glucose Profiles of Sulfonylurea-Treated Type II Diabetic Patients

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The alpha-glucosidase inhibitor BAY m 1099, a deoxynojirimycin derivative, was studied in sulfonylurea-treated type II diabetic patients using a placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over design. Given in two daily doses the inhibitor smoothened the blood glucose profile by lowering significantly post-prandial blood glucose peaks. Fasting and daily mean blood glucose levels measured as the area under the blood glucose curves were however not influenced significantly. This might be due to the short duration of the treatment periods or the low dosage of the drug. Abdominal side effects were negligible. The alpha-glucosidase inhibitor BAY m 1099 might become a useful therapeutic tool in addition to sulfonylurea treatment in type II diabetes.
Emended descriptions of Bacillus sporothermodurans and Bacillus oleronius with the inclusion of dairy farm isolates of both species

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Bacillus sporothermodurans is an industrially important micro-organism because of its ability to produce endospores which resist ultra-high temperature (UHT) and industrial sterilization processes. It was described by Pettersson et al. (1996) [Pettersson, B., Lembke, F., Hammer, P., Stackebrandt, E. & Priest, F. G. (1996). Int J Syst Bacteriol 46 , 759–764] based on seven genetically homogeneous isolates all from UHT milk. Bacillus oleronius , the closest phylogenetic neighbour of B. sporothermodurans , was described by Kuhnigk et al. (1995) [Kuhnigk, T., Borst, E.-M., Breunig, A., König, H., Collins, M. D., Hutson, R. A. & Kämpfer, P. (1995). Can J Microbiol 41 , 699–706] based on a single strain, isolated from the hindgut of the termite Reticulitermes santonensis. A polyphasic study of a heterogeneous collection of B. sporothermodurans and B. oleronius strains isolated from various sources and geographical origins led to an emended description of both species. Additional data presented are the results of fatty acid, quinone and/or cell wall (polar lipid) analyses. DNA–DNA hybridization confirmed 3 subgroups of strains obtained after SDS-PAGE analysis of cellular proteins as B. sporothermodurans . One named B. sporothermodurans strain (R-7489) was reclassified as a Bacillus fordii strain. The phenotypic profiles of both species were rather heterogeneous, sometimes different from the original descriptions and did not differ in a large number of characteristics, although B. oleronius generally gave stronger reactions in its positive tests than did B. sporothermodurans ; the variable and weak reactions for both organisms with some substrates blurred the distinction between the two. However, differences in polar lipid, SDS-PAGE and menaquinone profiles clearly allow distinction between the two species.
Detection of Salmonella in Gopher Tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus) During Two Relocation Efforts in Florida

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Abstract Two separate populations of threatened gopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus) in Florida were found to carry Salmonella spp. during relocation efforts from Orange and St. Johns Counties to Walton County. The potentially zoonotic bacteria were detected using cloacal swabs for culture and PCR analysis. Although there was a difference in the amount of perceived clinical stress undergone in each group, the percentage of tortoises shedding Salmonella was not statistically significant between the cohorts (9% and 11%). All isolates underwent antibiotic sensitivity testing and were susceptible to 10 antibiotic compounds.
Automated retinal layer segmentation and characterization

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) is a valuable diagnostic tool in both clinical and research settings. The depth-resolved intensity profiles generated by light backscattered from discrete layers of the retina provide a non-invasive method of investigating progressive diseases and injury within the eye. This study demonstrates the application of steerable convolution filters capable of automatically separating gradient orientations to identify edges and delineate tissue boundaries. The edge maps were recombined to measure thickness of individual retinal layers. This technique was successfully applied to longitudinally monitor changes in retinal morphology in a mouse model of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and human data from age-related macular degeneration patients. The steerable filters allow for direct segmentation of noisy images, while novel recombination of weaker segmentations allow for denoising post-segmentation. The segmentation before denoising strategy allows the rapid detection of thin retinal layers even under suboptimal imaging conditions.