jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Dimercury(I)‐Induced Stable G‐Quadruplex Based Supramolecular Polymers and Gels Outperforming Conventional G4·K+

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Guanosine (G) historically facilitates G‐quartet assembly, a non‐canonical DNA secondary structure primarily stabilized by K + ions. Herein, it is reported that mercurous ion (dimercury(I), [Hg–Hg] 2+ , G:Hg + = 1:0.5–1.5) forms a significantly more stable G‐quadruplex G 8 ·Hg 2 2+ than the well‐known G 4 ·K + . G 8 ·Hg 2 2+ self‐assembles in water through J‐type stacking via an isodesmic mechanism, creating stable supramolecular polymers (SPs) crosslinked to produce thermo‐reversible self‐healing hydrogels. Dimercury(I) more efficiently promotes the formation of G‐quadruplex SP with enhanced stability, which is evident from its higher tolerance to aging, dilution, and temperature. This enhanced stability is attributed to the covalent Hg + ─Hg + bond, which holds two G‐tetrads together, thereby greatly stabilizing the octameric G‐quadruplex G 4 ·Hg + −Hg + ·G 4 and exhibiting a significantly higher binding energy than G 4 ·K + ·G 4 , as determined computationally. Despite this enhanced stability, G 8 ·Hg 2 2+ SP gel exhibits excellent anion responsiveness, either breaking or solubilizing the G‐quadruplex SP, unlike G 4 ·K + gel. Moreover, at higher metal ratios (Hg + > 1.5), a thermodynamically stable [G 2 ·(Hg 2 2+ ) 2 ] dimeric assembly is formed, whereas mercuric ion (Hg 2+ ) supported dimeric complexation G 2 ·Hg 2+ 2 regardless of the metal ratio. These results suggest that Hg ions, irrespective of their oxidation state (I/II), have a strong affinity for binding with G, potentially providing insights into the molecular basis of Hg's genotoxicity.
PHARMACEUTICAL LIPOSOMAL DRUG DELIVERY: A REVIEW OF NEW DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Liposome are most placed acquiring in pharma industries and very useful in the various drug delivery system used to target the drug to particular tissue because of structural similarity between lipid bi-layer and cell membrane, liposome can easily penetrate. Liposome can be encapsulating both hydrophilic and hydrophobic material and are utilizes as a drug carries in drug delivery. Liposomes very useful in certain disease and easily prepare. Liposomes are highly biocompatible, with application ranging from delivering enzymes, antibacterial, antiviral drugs antiparasite drug, transdermal transporters, fungicides, diagnostic tools and adjuvant for vaccines. This paper mainly focus on exclusively scalable techniques and also focus on strength, respectively, limitations in respect to industrial applicability and regulatory requirements concerning liposomal drug formulation based on FDA and EMEA.
The Liberal Dilemma

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The idea of “liberty of contract” is generally thought to have first appeared in a Supreme Court decision in Allgeyer v. Louisiana, decided in 1897; to have entered American constitutional jurisprudence in 1886 with Godcharles v. Wigeman; and to have emerged in American social thought well before the Civil War.1 It is curious, then, that when Congress enacted the Erdman Act in 1898, no one in either house suggested that its section 10 was unconstitutional.2 That section prohibited interstate carriers from, inter alia, (1) requiring “any employee, or any person seeking employment, as a condition of such employment, to enter” into a so-called yellow-dog contract (“an agreement, either written or verbal, not to become or remain a member of any labor corporation, association, or organization”), and (2) “threaten[ing] any employee with loss of employment” or “unjustly discriminat[ing] against any employee” because of his union membership.
The Influence of Social Media on the Cultural Identity of the Millennial Generation: Indonesian Case Study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Results show that social media has a dominant role in shaping the cultural identity of the millennial generation. There have been significant changes in language use, with many English terms and phrases being used in everyday communication. Global fashion trends spread through social media are also widely adopted, leading to a mix of traditional and modern clothing styles. In addition, social values ​​such as freedom of expression and gender equality are more accepted and adopted by the millennial generation. Social media plays a dual role in cultural preservation and change. On the one hand, this platform enables the preservation of local culture through online communities that focus on specific cultures. On the other hand, strong foreign cultural influences can erode local cultural elements. Therefore, digital literacy and critical awareness in using social media are important to maintain a balance between adopting global culture and preserving local culture.
SH1261254.09FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
A survey of converging solutions for heterogeneous mobile networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In 5G systems, the current machine-tomachine communications using Wi-Fi or Bluetooth provide a good opportunity to dramatically increase overall performance. Converged mobile networks can provide M2M communications with significant performance improvements by sharing unlicensed spectrum bands in cellular networks, such as Long Term Evolution-Advanced, by using cognitive radio technology. Thus, the converged mobile network will become one of the most popular future research topics because mobile multimedia content services have been generally accepted among mobile device users. In this article, we provide an overview of converged mobile networks, investigating different types of converged mobile networks, different types of convergence, and the current problems and solutions. This survey article also proposes potential research topics in converged mobile networks.
The correlation of soluble E-selectin serum level with the disease activity in psoriasis vulgaris

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Soluble E-selectin(sE-selectin) serum level was measured by ELISA in 31 patients with psoriasis vulgaris before treatment, 30 patients after treatment, and 20 healthy individuals. The results showed that sE-selectin serum level was significantly increased in patients compared with that in healthy persons(t=3.277,P 0.005). Moreover, a significant correlation was demonstrated between sE-selectin levels and PASI scores(r=0.495,P 0.005). Soluble E-selectin serum levels decreased significantly after treatment of psoriasis. This phenomenon was more evident in patients with higher PASI score psoriasis. These data indicated that sE-selectin level was elevated in psoriatic patients and correlated with the extent of psoriatic lesions. Therefore, sE-selectin could be used as a marker of the disease activity in patients suffering from psoriasis.
A Radiographic Layer Counter for Composites.

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract : The Army helmet is a composite of layers of resin-bonded Kevlar. Inadvertent omission of layers or undetected shifting of layers during molding processes can reduce the effective number of fibers in some helmet areas and impair their strength properties. A nondestructive method of 100% testing of the helmets, more effective than random sampling by ballistic testing, is needed. This six-month study evaluated the feasibility of using relatively low-energy radioisotopes to guage the uniformity of Kelvar helmets. The potential for constructing a portable detection unit was also assessed. A laboratory radiometric test system was used to evaluate resin-bonded Kevlar samples, as well as actual Army helmets from current suppliers. It was found that the radiometric test system has the capacity to reflect the general condition of fabricated Kevlar helmets.
Concerning 1e- transfer in reduction by dihydronicotinamide: reaction of oxidized flavin and flavin radical with N-benzyl-1,5-dihydronicotinamide.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The rates of reaction of 5-ethyl-3-methyllumiflavinium perchlorate and 5-ethyl-3-methyllumiflavinyl radical with a NADH analogue, N-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide, were measured anaerobically in tert-butanol and 5% acetonitrile/95% tert-butanol solutions at 30 degrees C. The biphasic kinetics observed for the reaction of flavin radical with dihydronicotinamide were interpreted in terms of both a 1e- and a 2e- mechanism; the former was found to be inadequate based on experimental requirements of the mechanism. The dihydronicotinamide reacts preferentially with oxidized flavin rather than flavin radical, even when the concentration of oxidized flavin is at a concentration 5 orders of magnitude less than that of radical. These studies show that the "hydride" reduction of oxidized flavin by BNAH is more facile than is the 1e- reduction of flavin radical by BNAH.
Development of a tracer-containing compact-toroid injection system

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The accumulation and behavior of impurities is one of the most important subjects in the development of magnetically confined fusion reactors because impurities can potentially cause cooling and worsen the confinement of the hot core plasma. Tracer-encapsulated solid pellets (TESPELs) have demonstrated some results for impurity injection for fusion-reactor plasma studies [N. Tamura et al., J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 823, 012003 (2017)]. However, the TESPEL technique has several shortcomings, for example, the penetration depth and the amounts of tracer impurities. In the present study, we have developed a tracer-containing, compact-toroid (TCCT) injection system that utilizes a magnetized coaxial plasma gun (MCPG). The discharge current through the MCPG sputters and ionizes the electrode material, and the Lorenz self-force accelerates it as a plasmoid. The MCPG easily accelerates a magnetized plasmoid to speeds greater than the ion thermal velocity of several tens of kilometers per second. The accelerated and ejected plasmoid that contains the tracer ions is itself a warm, ionized plasma. Therefore, a TCCT can potentially be injected into the core region of a target plasma with less adverse effect.
Urinary MHPG excretion in minimal brain dysfunction and its modification by d-amphetamine

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The authors studied the excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenlyglycol (MHPG) in 15 hyperactive boys and 13 controls. They further examined soft neurologic signs and clinical drug response to d-amphetamine administration for two weeks in the hyperactive boys. MHPG excretion was significantly lower in the hyperactive boys than in the controls. d-Amphetamine decreased MHPG excretion significantly in the drug responders only. Pretreatment MHPG excretion did not predict clinical drug response. The responders had more soft neurologic signs than the nonresponders. Furthermore, soft neurologic signs were not related to pretreatment MHPG levels.
Development of Interactive Learning on Electric Charge Materials for Deaf Students

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to develop learning media in the form of interactive videos and analyze the effectiveness of interactive science videos for deaf students. The method used is Research and Development by Sugiono, 2009. The subjects of this research trial were SMALB N Tegal students consisting of 8 students for small-scale trials and large-scale trials 10 students at SMALB N Semarang and SMALB Swadaya Semarang. the feasibility of the overall display as well as the content of the material and questions to measure the effectiveness of the learning media. The data analysis used was qualitative descriptive analysis and validated as well as video effectiveness analysis.Based on the data analysis of the validation results, it was shown that 73.75% was categorized as feasible and could be used in learning. The effectiveness data were analyzed using effect size and obtained a score of 2.16 on a small scale and 2.09 on a wide scale in the large category. Based on the results of the study, the media developed was suitable for use in the SMALB science learning process for deaf students.
Analysis of Expression Pattern of the Limonoid UDP-glucosyltransferase Gene as an Indicator for Delayed Bitterness from the Citrus Species Endemic in Jeju

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Limonoid UDP-glucosyltransferase (LUGT) is an enzyme that converts limonoids into their corresponding glucosides and ultimately ameliorates limonoid bitterness in Citrus species. In this paper, the LUGT gene was cloned via PCR from 10 Jeju Citrus species. All the deduced glucosyltransferase proteins harbored a highly conserved plant secondary product glucosyltransferase (PSPG) motif within the C terminal region. Phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequence comparison of the LUGT proteins from 10 Citrus species generated three distinct types. The expression patterns of LUGT gene in three representative species from each type were quite different with that of C. unshiu Marc. cv. Miyagawawase(Gungcheon), which his without distinctive juice delayed bitterness. Ourresultssho wth at some Citrus speciessuchas Citrusleiocarpa HORT(Bingul), Citruserythrosa HORT (Dongjunggul), and Citrustachibana TANAKA(Honggul) end emicin Jeju maybe susceptible to intense juice delayed bitterness due to delay inexpression of LUGT.
Surface Display of Bacillus CGTase on the Cell of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

B. stearothermophilus 유래의 CGTase 유전자(cgtS)를 보유하고 있는 재조합 plasmid pCGTS (4.8 kb)을 효모 표면 발현용 vector인 pYDl (GAL1 promoter)에 subcloning 하였다. 구축된 재조합 plasmid, pYDCGT (7.2 kb)는 S. cerevisiae EBY100에 형질전환하였고, tryptophan이 결여된 SD 배지에서 1차 선별된 형질전환체들을 YPGS배지에서 배양 후 활성 염색을 통하여 CD가 생 성 됨을 확인하였다. 배양시간과 효소반응시간에 따른 반응 산물을 TLC로 분석 한 결과, 배양 12시간째부터 효소활성이 나타났고, 반응 10분 이후부터 CD가 생성되어 시간이 지남에 따라 CD 생성양이 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. 회분 배양한 결과 $25^{\circ}C$와 $30^{\circ}C$에서 CGTase의 최대 활성이 각각 21.3 unit/1 와 16.5 unit/1로 나타났고, plasmid 안정성은 각각 $86\%$와 $82\%$로 나타나 배양온도에 상관없이 plasmid는 비교적 안정하게 유지되었다. For the expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus stearothermophilus cyclodextrin glucano­transferase gene (cgtS) in pCGTS (4.8 kb) was subcloned into the surface expression vector, pYD1 (GALl promoter). The constructed plasmid, pYDCGT (7.2 kb) was introduced into S. cerevisiae EBY100 cells, and then yeast transformants were selected on the synthetic defined media lacking tryptophan. The formation of cyclodextrin (CD) was confirmed with active staining of culture broth of transformant grown on starch medium. Enzymatic reaction products with respect to the culture time and the reaction time were examined by TLC analysis. The results indicated that the enzyme activity was exhibited after 12 h cultivation and CD was produced after 10min of enzymatic reaction. When the surface-engineered yeast cells were cultured on galactose medium, maximum activities of CGTase were about 21.3 unit/l and 16.5 unit/l at $25^{\circ}C\;and\;30^{\circ}C$, respectively. The plasmids stability showed about $80\%\;even\;at\;25^{\circ}C\;and\;30^{\circ}C$.
Urban minority youth: alcohol and marijuana use and exposure to unprotected intercourse.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article focuses on the use of alcohol and marijuana in the context of sexual relationships and the impact of these substances on the consistency of condom use by urban, minority youth. Regression models are presented to test for the effects of alcohol and marijuana use with sexual partners while controlling for the effects of respondents' sexual history. The results indicated that when alcohol or marijuana was used with a partner, the consistency of condom use decreased even when other variables related to sexual history were controlled for. Alcohol use had a greater negative effect on condom use for Hispanic men and marijuana for African-American women than it did for Hispanic women and African-American men. These findings argue for the need for targeted safer-sex intervention programs for urban, low-income, minority youth, and suggest that such programs may need to emphasize the increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus exposure that may result from substance use, casual sex, and sex with multiple partners.
Terminal sliding mode fault‐tolerant control for aviation redundant hydraulic actuation system based on robust fault reconstruction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper investigates the fault‐tolerant control problem for a dual‐redundant hydraulic actuation system on active/active (A/A) mode subject to servovalve leakage and disturbances. The change in system dynamics caused by servovalve leakage is modeled as an additive time‐varying fault. Then, an enhanced iterative learning observer with improved robustness against abrupt unknown input is designed for fault reconstruction. In view of the high relative degree of the plant, an auxiliary variable is adopted to facilitate the controller design. Combined with the fault reconstruction results, an adaptive continuous nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode (NFTSM) fault‐tolerant controller is developed, in which an NFTSM manifold is constructed based on the auxiliary variable to achieve fast convergence of trajectory tracking errors. An adaptive continuous reaching law with less chattering is designed to compensate for the influence of the lumped disturbance. Lyapunov stability analysis demonstrates that this method can ensure finite‐time convergence of sliding variable and can guarantee the trajectory tracking errors converge to the neighborhood of the origin exponentially. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through a comparative simulation study.
Radiation chemistry of aqueous cyanide ion

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadiation chemistry of aqueous cyanide ionB. H. J. Bielski and Augustine O. AllenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 18, 5931–5934Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00460a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00460a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metadata record for: Reference values for resting and post exercise hemodynamic parameters in a 6-18 year old population

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This dataset contains key characteristics about the data described in the Data Descriptor Reference values for resting and post exercise hemodynamic parameters in a 6-18 year old population.
Contents:
1. human readable metadata summary table in CSV format 2. machine readable metadata file in JSON format

Versioning Note:Version 2 was generated when the metadata format was updated from JSON to JSON-LD. This was an automatic process that changed only the format, not the contents, of the metadata.
Tensile Strength of Modified 4-Strand Cruciate Technique for Transversely or Obliquely Lacerated Tendons

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purposes. To assess the tensile strength of the modified 4-strand cruciate technique for obliquely lacerated tendons, and to compare the findings with the strength of transversely lacerated tendons repaired at various grasping depths. Methods. 60 porcine front foot tendons were evenly divided into 4 groups. In groups 1 to 3, tendons were transversely lacerated and repaired with grasping points at both ends away from the laceration by 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm respectively. In group 4, tendons were obliquely lacerated and repaired with a grasping point 5 mm away from the laceration on one end and 15 mm on the other. All tendons were repaired with a modified 4-strand core suture and continuous epitendinous suture, and then tested to failure in a tensile machine. Results. The tensile strength in group 1 was significantly lower than that in the other 3 groups (p<0.005). The tensile strength in group 4 was not significantly different from groups 2 and 3. Conclusion. The tensile strength of modified 4-strand cruciate repair configuration is not weakened in obliquely lacerated tendons; the grasping point at one end of the tendon being 15 mm away from laceration provides sufficient strength to compensate for the relatively weak 5-mm end. So long as one grasping point is away from the laceration site by 10 mm, the ultimate tensile strength of the transversely lacerated tendons appears acceptable. The modified 4-strand cruciate repair is safe to use for repairing obliquely lacerated tendons.
Semantic networks and social networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Purpose To illustrate the need for social network metadata within semantic metadata. Design/methodology/approach Surveys properties of social networks and the semantic web, suggests that social network analysis applies to semantic content, argues that semantic content is more searchable if social network metadata is merged with semantic web metadata. Findings The use of social network metadata will alter semantical searches from being random with respect to source to direct with respect to source, which will increase the accuracy of search results. Research limitations/implications Suggests that existing XML schemas for semantic web content be modified. Practical implications Introduction and overview of a new issue. Originality/value Foundational to the concept of the semantic social network; will be useful as an introduction to future work.