jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Liberty & Co. in the Fifties and Sixties: A Taste for Design

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Over the years since its inception in 1875 as the Oriental Emporium, Liberty's has both been at the forefront of fashion and the decorative arts and has sat comfortably riding on its waves. Its history is at the heart of its image to the outside world. In the fifties, Liberty's tried to subvert this image, but subsequently embraced it wholeheartedly in the following decade. Liberty's beginnings are well-known and most historians of the decorative arts will agree that the company had a significant impact on design in the early twentieth century. However, through the years Liberty & Co. took many forms.History, far from being irrelevant nostalgia, offers us a chance to learn from our mistakes and, indeed, successes. Perhaps now, as, emerging from a difficult recent period, this grand company looks confidently to the future, it is a good time to look back to the Liberty of the fifties and sixties: a less well-recognised moment in Liberty's history, but perhaps no less significant. The 1950s were a frugal time and any retailer who wholeheartedly promoted modern design was taking a risk. In truth, Liberty & Co. probably played it safe, running its modern products alongside the more traditional ones, so as not to scare away longstanding customers. It is perhaps for this reason that Liberty & Co. is not so prominent in people's memories as a 'modern' store in the 1950s. In a way this was a period that prepared the business for its flowering in the 1960s. Almost overnight, the emporium of traditional style found itself not just at one of the best spots in London, but at the very epicentre of the world of fashion: Carnaby Street in the sixties.
Psychometric Features of the General Aptitude Test–Verbal Part (GAT-V)

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study examines the psychometric features of a General Aptitude Test–Verbal Part, which is used with assessments of high school graduates in Saudi Arabia. The data supported a bifactor model, with one general factor and three content domains (Analogy, Sentence Completion, and Reading Comprehension) as latent aspects of verbal aptitude.
Charge transfer via a two-strand superexchange bridge in DNA

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Charge transfer in a DNA duplex chain is studied by constructing a system with virtual electrodes connected at the ends of each DNA strand. The systeym is described by the tight-binding model and its transport is analyzed by the transfer matrix method. The very weak distance dependence in long (G:C)(T:A)_M(G:C)_3 DNA chain observed in experiment [B. Giese, et al., Nature 412, 318 (2001)] is explained by a unistep two-strand superexchange bridge without the need for the multi-step thermally-induced hopping mechanism or the dephasing effect. The crossover number M_c of (T:A) base pairs, where crossover between strong and weak distance dependence occurs, reflects the ratio of intra- and inter-strand neighboring base-base couplings.
Queueing with transmission rate selection for cognitive radio networks in Nakagami-m fading

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Cognitive radio networks with transmission rate selection is analyzed using queueing model framework. Transmission rate varies with the average fade duration of Nakagami-m fading and Doppler frequency shift. The proposed analytical model significantly simplifies the performance analysis by iso-lating the channel states and queueing status, or primary and secondary user states unlike conventional cognitive radio network models.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Contemporary Management of Vascular Anomalies of the Head and Neck-Part 1: Vascular Malformations: A Review.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Importance: Vascular anomalies of the head and neck are relatively rare lesions. Management is challenging because of the high likelihood of involvement of functionally critical structures. Multiple modalities of treatment exist for vascular anomalies of the head and neck, including medical therapies, sclerotherapy and embolization procedures, and surgery. This review focuses on the accurate diagnosis and the relative roles of the various therapeutic options.Observations: Vascular anomalies are classified by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies into 2 major groups: vascular tumors and vascular malformations. Vascular tumors encompass proliferative lesions ranging from infantile and congenital hemangiomas to kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. Alternatively, vascular malformations are embryologic errors in vasculogenesis. This article focuses on the management of vascular malformations. The 3 primary vascular malformation subclassifications are lymphatic, venous, and arteriovenous. The burden of disease, diagnosis, and current management options are discussed in detail for each subtype.Conclusions and Relevance: Most vascular malformations of the head and neck require a multidisciplinary approach. Available medical, interventional radiologic, and surgical interventions are constantly evolving. Optimization of function and cosmesis must be balanced with minimization of treatment-associated morbidity. Otolaryngologists-head and neck surgeons must remain up to date regarding options for diagnosis and management of these lesions. PMID: 33237296
A Distributed Approach to Wireless System Simulation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Many papers have been published that present simulation results for wireless systems, including WiMAX. All such papers do not deal with wireless simulation approaches, and simulation is only seen as a side-means to produce numerical results. This paper does not present simulation numerical predictions. It instead deals with new simulation approaches for wireless systems and presents simulation software technologies. From the approach point of view, the "local" versus the " distributed" simulation approach is investigated to wireless systems. From the technology point of view, two new software tools are presented, for a step forward with respect to existing tools to ease the development of distributed simulation systems. The tools consist of a new distributed simulation environment (wDSEnv) and a new distributed simulation language (wDSLang). Such tools are described and a detailed WiMAX local and distributed simulation example is developed.
Discovery of G Protein-Biased D2 Dopamine Receptor Partial Agonists

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Biased ligands (also known as functionally selective ligands) of G protein-coupled receptors are valuable tools for dissecting the roles of G protein-dependent and independent signaling pathways in health and disease. Biased ligands have also been increasingly pursued by the biomedical community as promising therapeutics with improved efficacy and reduced side effects compared with unbiased ligands. We previously discovered first-in-class β-arrestin-biased agonists of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) by extensively exploring multiple regions of aripiprazole, a balanced D2R agonist. In our continuing efforts to identify biased agonists of D2R, we unexpectedly discovered a G protein-biased agonist of D2R, compound 1, which is the first G protein-biased D2R agonist from the aripiprazole scaffold. We designed and synthesized novel analogues to explore two regions of 1 and conducted structure-functional selectivity relationship (SFSR) studies. Here we report the discovery of 1, findings from our SFSR studies, and characterization of novel G protein-biased D2R agonists.
Courts and Parliamentary privilege : Parliament as a Court

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

tag=1 data=Courts and Parliamentary privilege : Parliament as a Court.

tag=2 data=Coghill, Ken

tag=6 data=^d6-7 ^mOct ^y1994

tag=8 data=POLITICS%COURTS%PARLIAMENTARY PRIVILEGE

tag=9 data=AUSTRALASIAN STUDY OF PARLIAMENT GROUP%16TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE%VICTORIAN LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY%MEMBER FOR WERRIBEE%CONSTITUTION ACT 1975

tag=15 data=SPE
The SDG Giving Landscape: An Insight into Philanthropic Giving to the SDGs

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

CAF America's report explores the SDG landscape that has emerged based on its donors' philanthropic giving since the goals entered into force on January 1st, 2016. It looks at the SDGs that rose to the top based on the level of support received and provides a window into how priorities have shifted year-by-year. In a regional and source-based setting, the report tracks the charitable giving of corporate, foundation, and individual donors through CAF America.
Synthesis of SnO2nanostructures by carbothermal reduction of SnO2powder

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The mass preparation of SnO2 nanobelts and nanowires has been achieved by carrying out the reaction of SnO2 powder and graphite at 1150°C. A metallic catalyst and vacuum conditions are not necessary. The temperature of the substrates and the concentration of oxide vapour were the critical experimental parameters for the formation of different morphologies of SnO2 nanostructures. The as-synthesized SnO2 nanobelts formed in region II are single crystalline with a [101] growth axis, with widths ranging from 50 to 500 nm, width-to-thickness ratios of 5–10, and lengths up to a few millimetres.
IDDF2024-ABS-0377 Investigation report on endoscopic management of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in portal hypertension in Southern China

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background

Esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB) is a severe complication of liver cirrhosis, and modern endoscopic strategies have been recommended as first-line. However, the prevention and treatment of gastric varices and special types of varices remain challenging tissues. In recent years, upper digestive tract hemorrhage in liver cirrhosis has significantly increased in the Southern China area. We investigate the current situation of the use of EGVB in portal hypertension in the Southern China area.

Methods

We carried out an online questionnaire survey to investigate the use of endoscopic therapies for EGVB in Guangdong Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and Hainan Province. Questions included the annual number of procedures, endoscopic choices for preventing EGVB, management of acute EGVB, fundamental treatment of cirrhosis-derived portal hypertension, and the follow-up of endoscopic therapies. Comparisons of guideline adherence among hospitals in different regions were performed using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test when appropriate.

Results

A total of 81 hospitals participated in the study. The survey showed that the leading indication of endoscopic therapies was treating acute EGVB (60.5%). For primary and secondary prophylaxis of EGVB, adherence to the national guidelines was 55.6%, and no significant differences in adherence were observed among different provinces (P=0.976 and 0.186, respectively). As much as 92.6% of hospitals preferred endoscopic therapies treating acute EGVB, and most of the hospitals carried out emergency endoscopies within 12~24 hours after the presentation of bleeding (82.7%). In the treatment of various types of gastric varices and ectopic varices, cyanoacrylate injection-based procedures (including cyanoacrylate injection alone or in combination with sclerotherapy) were the most prevalent procedures. 81.5% of hospitals routinely used non-selective beta-blockers for cirrhosis-derived portal hypertension, and the main drugs were propranolol (80.2%) and carvedilol (19.8%).

Conclusions

Various endoscopic procedures for EGVB treatment have been conducted in Southern China. Participating hospitals are active in performing emergency endoscopies for acute EGVB. However, they are inadequate in following recommendations regarding primary and secondary prophylaxis of EGVB. It is necessary to standardize endoscopic indications further according to different types of varices and improve guideline compliance in the future.
Factors Related to the Parental Decision in Conducting Measles-Rubella Vaccination to the Children in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The Measles and Rubella (MR) vaccination was declared haram by the Indonesian Ulema Council. However, it can still be used in an emergency. This makes parents hesitate to vaccinate their children with measles and rubella vaccine. In addition, various effects of Measles and Rubella vaccination like autism, fever, and death are also spread on social media. Vaccination is one of the interventions in the health sector that is expected to reduce mortality from preventable diseases by vaccination, including measles and rubella. This study used a qualitative descriptive research method with a participatory approach, carried out from October to December 2020, in Tompobulu and Tinggimoncong Sub-District, Gowa District South Sulawesi. The research informants were 32 people consisting of parents who had children aged 9-30 months old. The results showed that the parental decision to vaccinate their children with MR depended on the understanding obtained (source of information), attitudes and beliefs of parents, social capital, and lifestyle. An appropriate understanding encouraged parents to do MR vaccination on their children. Negative attitudes might influence parents to refuse MR vaccination. It is expected that health workers will conduct socialization and provide appropriate information regarding vaccinations given to children. \n \nKeywords Vaccination, Parental Decision, Measles-Rubella
Effect of phenobarbital and polychlorinated biphenyls on the toxicity and disposition of 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene in the rat

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Control and phenobarbital (PB) or polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) pretreated rats were given single oral doses of 14C-1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene (TCB) at 30 or 300 mg/kg b.w. Urine and feces were collected daily for the determination of 14C-content. Five animals per group were killed 2 days after dosing and another five animals were killed 7 days later for the determination of hepatic microsomal enzyme activities, histological changes and 14C-content in the major organs and tissues. Pretreatment with PCB or PB did not alter the effects of TCB biochemically or histologically. Both PB and PCB increased the rate of TCB excretion and decreased the levels of radioactivity in most tissues examined at 7 days after dosing. It was concluded that, at the dose ranges studied, pretreatment with PB or PCB did not significantly alter the toxic effects produced by TCB.
Comparison of an Internet Versus Mail Survey: A Case Study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The benefits of Internet-based surveys are often exaggerated with claims that Internet surveys are always faster, better, cheaper, and easier for researchers than conventional survey methods. This case study compares two side-by-side surveys of South Dakota resident spring turkey hunters (traditional mail survey vs. by e-mail with link to the Web-based survey: sample size of 1,200 each). With approximate equal effort to contact hunters the Internet survey received a 44% return rate compared to a 75% return rate from the mail survey. Until the issue of sample validity is solved and response rates increased an Internet survey by itself cannot be relied on to collect valid, scientific human dimensions information. However, a mixed-mode survey design that incorporates Internet surveys with traditional survey methods is discussed as a way to solve for sample validity and non-response methodological issues associated with Internet surveys while achieving some of the cost saving benefits of Internet surveys.
Topological characterization of Lieb-Schultz-Mattis constraints and applications to symmetry-enriched quantum criticality

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorems provide powerful constraints on the emergibility problem, i.e. whether a quantum phase or phase transition can emerge in a many-body system. We derive the topological partition functions that characterize the LSM constraints in spin systems with $G_s\times G_{int}$ symmetry, where $G_s$ is an arbitrary space group in one or two spatial dimensions, and $G_{int}$ is any internal symmetry whose projective representations are classified by $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$ with $k$ an integer. We then apply these results to study the emergibility of a class of exotic quantum critical states, including the well-known deconfined quantum critical point (DQCP), $U(1)$ Dirac spin liquid (DSL), and the recently proposed non-Lagrangian Stiefel liquid. These states can emerge as a consequence of the competition between a magnetic state and a non-magnetic state. We identify all possible realizations of these states on systems with $SO(3)\times \mathbb{Z}_2^T$ internal symmetry and either $p6m$ or $p4m$ lattice symmetry. Many interesting examples are discovered, including a DQCP adjacent to a ferromagnet, stable DSLs on square and honeycomb lattices, and a class of quantum critical spin-quadrupolar liquids of which the most relevant spinful fluctuations carry spin-$2$. In particular, there is a realization of spin-quadrupolar DSL that is beyond the usual parton construction. We further use our formalism to analyze the stability of these states under symmetry-breaking perturbations, such as spin-orbit coupling. As a concrete example, we find that a DSL can be stable in a recently proposed candidate material, NaYbO$_2$.
An outbreak of congenital goiter and chondrodystrophy among calves born to spring-calving beef cows.

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

An outbreak of congenital diffuse hyperplastic goiter and chondrodystrophy occurred among springborn calves at an Angus-based cow-calf operation in southern Alberta. Although these diseases are observed globally in multiple species, reports of their occurrence concurrently are exceptionally rare. A nutritional cause is highly suspected as previous matings between the same sires and dams resulted in apparently normal calves. However, it is unclear if multiple mineral deficiencies manifested as goiter and chondrodystrophy independently or if a primary hypothyroidism inhibited normal fetal growth and skeletal development. This is apparently the first large-scale outbreak of concurrent congenital goiter and chondrodystrophy reported in calves.
Finite Element Method in L-PBF of Ti-6Al-4V: Influence of Laser Power and Scan Speed on Residual Stress and Part Distortion

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is widely used in automotive, aerospace, and biomedical applications thanks to its ability to produce complex geometries. In spite of its advantages, parts produced with this technology can show distortion due to the residual stresses developed during the printing process. For this reason, numerical simulations can be used to predict thermal gradients and residual stresses that can result in part distortion. Thus, instead of performing experimental tests and using a trial and error approach, it is possible to use numerical simulation to save time and material. In this work, the effect of laser power and scan speed on residual stress and part distortion was analysed using a commercial finite element analysis (FEA) software DEFORM-3D™ with a layer-by-layer approach. Moreover, the accuracy of the numerical model with respect to process parameters and the utilised mesh was also studied. The results obtained from the numerical simulation were compared to the actual distortions to evaluate the accuracy of the FEM model. The predicted distortions using FEM analysis well fit the trend of the measured ones. The accuracy of the numerical model increases by considering a finer mesh.
Internal labour flexibility from a resource-based view approach: definition and proposal of a measurement scale

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

he dynamic nature of current competitive environments has motivated managers to identify sources of flexibility based on the organisation's human resources. In this regard, internal labour flexibility emerges as a valid strategy to counteract environmental changes, based on the adaptability of the organisation's current workforce to face non-routine circumstances and events that require creativity and initiative. However, despite recent interest in the notion of internal labour flexibility, there is no commonly accepted definition of this term. Currently, there are several competing definitions of the construct, along with a variety of operationalisations. Some integration of these approaches is needed to ensure that our knowledge of internal labour flexibility grows cumulatively. In this study, we have sought to address some of these limitations by theoretically conceptualising and empirically validating a scale to measure internal labour flexibility from the resource-based view (RBV). The application of structural equation modelling to a sample of 226 Spanish firms confirmed the suggested dimensionality of the internal labour flexibility scale, which distinguishes between employees' intrinsic flexibility, skill malleability, behavioural malleability and relational flexibility. Tests of reliability and validity confirmed the appropriateness of this measurement scale.
A new technique for abdominal heart transplantation in rats.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Experimental studies in animals play a major role in the progress of medicine. Different surgical techniques have been described for heterotopic heart transplantation in rats. In this study we introduce a new technique for heart transplantation in the abdominal cavity of rats. Fifteen Sprague Dawley rats have been used as recipients and 15 others as donors. Following preparation of recipient abdominal aorta and left renal vein, the donor heart including proximal arcus aorta was harvested. Donor aorta was anastomosed to the recipient's aorta; donor pulmonary artery was anastomosed to the left renal vein of the recipient using continuous suture technique. Graft function was evaluated daily by palpation of the rat abdomen. The mean operating time was 38.46+/-2.66 min and the mean ischemia time was 23.93+/-2.11 min. One death was seen because of bleeding of the aorto-aortic anastomosis. In this study we evaluated advantages and disadvantages of our technique and compared it to other techniques. This modification provides a more anatomical position, reduces exploration time, has a low incidence of morbidity and mortality. We conclude that, this implantation technique is more suitable for heterotopic heart transplantation in rats.
Online Appendix To Van Dalen Et Al. 2019 Economic News. Informing The Inattentive Audience

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Online appendix to Arjen van Dalen, Helle Svensson, Antonis Kalogeropoulos, Erik Albæk, Claes H. de Vreese (2019). Economic news. Informing the Inattentive audience. New York: Routledge. This online appendix presents the numbers on which the Figures in the book are based. Furthermore, the online appendix includes some supplementary analyses which are mentioned in the book.
Mental Health Payment by Results (PbR) Project Board Terms of Reference

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

To agree project organisation and delivery strategy To approve the project plans and timetables for delivery of the mental health project workstream. To approve changes to deliverables and planned timescales. To monitor progress against project plans and timetables and to take action to rectify slippages and/or problems as they arise. To ensure that internal and external dependencies are effectively managed. To manage project level risks and issues To manage project resources To approve stakeholder engagement plans To provide regular reports on mental health currency development progress to the the PbR Programme Board and the Clinical Advisory Panel.