jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Early detection of diabetes mellitus in high-risk children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the value of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as an early diagnostic marker for diabetes mellitus in high-risk groups such as relatives of diabetic patients (siblings) and obese children.BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a chronic illness that requires continuing medical care and ongoing patient self-management education and support to prevent acute complications and reduce the risk of long-term complications.Patients and methodsThis study was conducted on 60 children attending the Genetic and Endocrine Unit of the Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University.They were divided into two groups: group I [45 children who were relatives of diabetic patients (siblings)] and group II (15 obese children).The studied groups were subjected to detailed history taking, thorough clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, investigations (routine and special investigations through the estimation of HbA1c), and family counseling.ResultsAt the start, five (8.3%) children were in prediabetic stage (HbA1c level ranging between 5.7 and 6.4%); of them, two (4.4%) were relatives of diabetic patients and three (20%) children were from the obese group. At the end of the 3-month follow-up, with proper family counseling, a child from among the relatives of diabetic patients (2.2%) and another from the obese group (6.7%) were seen to have HbA1c within the normal range. At the end of 6 months of follow-up, one (6.7%) obese female patient was still in prediabetic stage.ConclusionThe HbA1c test is an early detector of diabetes mellitus among high-risk groups. Prediabetes occurs because of the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Controlling the environmental factors by proper family counseling can delay and even inhibit the emergence of diabetes.
Stress Levels Measured through Salivary Cortisol in Nationally Ranked Fencers

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Salivary cortisol is the least invasive way in
measuring hormonal response during exercise without interruption.
In nationally ranked fencers (n=21), changes in cortisol were
monitored by measurement of salivary cortisol sampled throughout
different rounds of three North American Cup tournaments during the
2017-2018 United States fencing season. The changes were also
compared when looking at if a bout ended in a victory or defeat;
the difference in rank between opponents; and the difference in
score at the end of the bout. Immediately before the tournament
cortisol levels were sampled, changes were in comparison to the
initial sample as well as change from one bout to the next. The
primary purpose of this study was to (a) compare how cortisol
levels fluctuate during a tournament and (b) analyze cortisol
levels to see if there is an optimal rage for performance.
Eustress, “good stress” was considered optimal when the athletes
were at peak performance. Here, peak performance means
accomplishing the task, with the task being the bout ending in a
victory. It was hypothesized that (a) cortisol levels would peak
after a loss or stressful bout and (b) there would be an optimal
range of cortisol for peak performance. This study supports the
findings that cortisol peaks after a loss, and could point to
optimal cortisol levels being more of an individualized range for
each athlete. If these athletes can explicitly see just how their
hormones rise and fall, then perhaps being more aware of these
levels and being able to embrace them could lead to peak
performance.
The cerebellum and anticipatory actions: computational modeling, robotics and neuroprosthetic studies

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Animals excel in skilled motor behavior, especially when compared to arti cial systems. Several adaptive and predictive motor control frameworks have been proposed to account for such performance, but the underlying biological implementation remains elusive. In vertebrates, the cerebellum is the most promising candidate locus where adaptive and predictive motor control primitives might be implemented. Indeed, several motor learning paradigms indicate that the cerebellum can drive anticipatory and well-timed coordinated motor actions. The most widely employed of such paradigms, classical conditioning of the eyelid re ex (eyeblink conditioning), has a well-de ned circuitry blueprint as well as known input and output pathways. However, the underlying physiological mechanisms are not fully understood, and neither is it clear whether cerebellar function in eyeblink conditioning can be extrapolated to more general anticipatory actions. This dissertation addresses these two questions relying on computational, robotic and neuro-prosthetic approaches, following the hypothesis that the cerebellum, working as an adaptive feedforward lter, interacts with a reactive layer of feedback control. First, we show that GABAergic slow inhibitory currents provide a biologically grounded mechanism accounting for the representation of time in the cerebellar cortex. Based on such assumption, we build a computational model of the cerebellum that successfully controls robots in avoidance learning tasks and replaces the learning function of an inactivated rat cerebellum using a neuro-prosthetic implantation. Thus, we provide a biologically grounded explanation of the mechanisms underlying the acquisition of anticipatory responses by the cerebellum, that is fully functional in both robotic and neuro-prosthetic scenarios. Altogether, this work advances our understanding of the mechanisms at the basis of coordinated motor control in animals, and through this, it takes a step towards developing equivalent motor capabilities in arti cial systems.
Loss of Cerebral Glycoconjugate Processing Enzymes in Huntington's Disease and Alzheimer-Type Dementia

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Conference Abstract| January 01 1985 Loss of Cerebral Glycoconjugate Processing Enzymes in Huntington's Disease and Alzheimer-Type Dementia A.J. Cross; A.J. Cross 1Divisions of Psychiatry and Clinical Cell Biology, MRC Clinical Research Centre, Harrow Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar T.J. Crow; T.J. Crow 1Divisions of Psychiatry and Clinical Cell Biology, MRC Clinical Research Centre, Harrow Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J.A. Johnson; J.A. Johnson 1Divisions of Psychiatry and Clinical Cell Biology, MRC Clinical Research Centre, Harrow Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J.M. Dawson; J.M. Dawson 1Divisions of Psychiatry and Clinical Cell Biology, MRC Clinical Research Centre, Harrow Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar T.J. Peters T.J. Peters 1Divisions of Psychiatry and Clinical Cell Biology, MRC Clinical Research Centre, Harrow Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Online ISSN: 1470-8736 Print ISSN: 0143-5221 © 1985 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1985 Clin Sci (Lond) (1985) 68 (s11): 74P–75P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs068074Pb Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation A.J. Cross, T.J. Crow, J.A. Johnson, J.M. Dawson, T.J. Peters; Loss of Cerebral Glycoconjugate Processing Enzymes in Huntington's Disease and Alzheimer-Type Dementia. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 January 1985; 68 (s11): 74P–75P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs068074Pb Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1985 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Macro and Micro Mineral Composition of Haruan Fish (Channa striata) in Banjar District, South Kalimantan

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Minerals have an essential role in the human body. Information about the mineral content of haruan fish in Banjar Regency is very limited. This research aimed to determine the mineral compound of haruan fish originally from ponds in Banjar Regency. Pond-sourced fish samples were processed until they became powders. The ash compound of haruan fish powder was calculated using the gravimetric method. The mineral compound was analyzed using an XRF spectrometer. Wild haruan fish contained 98.85% macro minerals, with the mineral composition of 14.4% P (10.2 mg/kg), 19.9% Ca (19,9 mg/kg), 60.6% K (42.5 mg/kg), and 0.85% S (0.6 mg/kg). Farmed haruan fish contained 94,76% macro minerals, consisting of 15.6% P (12.9 mg/kg), 17.2% Ca (14.3 mg/kg), 61.1% K (50.8 mg/kg), and 0.86% S (0.7 mg/kg). Wild haruan contained 3.51% micro minerals, consisting of 4.44% Fe (3.7 mg/kg), 0.10% Cu (0.08 mg/kg), and 0.22% Zn (0.18 mg/kg). Farmed haruan contained 4.76% micro minerals, consisting of 4.44% Fe (3.7 mg/kg), 0.10% Cu (0.08 mg/kg), and 0.22% Zn (0.18 mg/kg). Wild haruan fish contained 0.56% trace element, 0.46% Rb (0.32 mg/kg), and 0.1% Re (0.07 mg/kg). Farmed haruan fish contained 0.42% trace element, 0.34% Rb (0.28 mg/kg), and 0.08% Re (0.06 mg/kg).
Statistical Analysis of Autonomous Agents' Decisions in Learning to Cross Cellular Automaton Based Highway

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We conduct statistical analysis of the performance of a population of autonomous agents learning to cross a cellular automaton based highway. The performance of autonomous agents is measured by various statistics, which are used to analyze agents’ four types of decisions, e.g. (1) correct crossing decisions; (2) incorrect crossing decisions; (3) correct waiting decisions; (4) incorrect waiting decisions. We study how agents’ performance depends on a decision-making formula type the agents use and on the presence of risk takers and of risk avoiders in their population. We investigate the effects of accumulation of prior information in agents’ knowledge base (i.e., of transfer of the knowledge base built in one traffic environment to the agents in another traffic environment) on agents’ success in learning to cross the highway in the population of agents without and with risk takers and risk avoiders. We describe briefly the simulation model and the agents’ two learning algorithms based on a type of “observational social learning” strategy. In this strategy, each agent attempting to cross the highway reviews the outcomes of decisions of the preceding agents, mimics what worked for them and avoids what did not. We develop formal probabilistic description of the simulation model, in terms of various probability spaces and the associated random elements, needed for carrying out our statistical analysis. We describe the simulation experiments setups, the types of collected simulation data and how these data were organized in proper data bases needed for statistical analysis. We conduct statistical analysis of the simulation data by means of entropy, mutual information of random elements, normalized distance between random elements. We investigate means and standard deviations of various statistics of the simulation model. Additionally, we apply several statistical techniques, including regression tree analysis and statistical learning analysis. The obtained statistical results, not only compare the agents’ performance for the two decision-making formulas, but also provide a better understanding of how the key configuration parameters’ values affect the agents’ ability to learn to cross successfully the highway. Based on the presented statistical analysis the improvements to the simulation model are recommended and outlined in this Thesis.
Preprint typeset using L ATEX style emulateapj v. 6/22/04 ANALYSIS OF VARIABILITY IN THE BURST OSCILLATIONS OF THE ACCRETING MILLISECOND PULSAR XTE J1814-338

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The accreting millisecond pulsar XTE J1814-338 exhibits oscillations at the known spin frequency during Type I X-ray bursts. The properties of the burst oscillations reflect the nature of the thermal asymmetry on the stellar surface. We present an analysis of the variability of the burst oscillations of this source, focusing on three characteristics: fractional amplitude, harmonic content and frequency. Fractional amplitude and harmonic content constrain the size, shape and position of the emitting region, whilst variations in frequency indicate motion of the emitting region on the neutron star surface. We examine both long-term variability over the course of the outburst, and short-term variability during the bursts. For most of the bursts, fractional amplitude is consistent with that of the accretion pulsations, implying a low degree of fuel spread. There is however a population of bursts whose fractional amplitudes are substantially lower, implying a higher degree of fuel spread, possibly forced by the explosive burning front of a precursor burst. For the first harmonic, substantial differences between the burst and accretion pulsations suggest that hotspot geometry is not the only mechanism giving rise to harmonic content in the latter. Fractional amplitude variability during the bursts is low; we cannot rule out the hypothesis that the fractional amplitude remains constant for
Thermalisation of Longitudinal Gluons

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In the usual real-time finite-temperature gauge theory both the physical and the unphysical degrees of freedom are thermalised. We discuss the alternative approach where only the physical transverse components of the gauge field have bare thermal propagators, whereas the unphysical degrees of freedom are not heated. We show how pinch singularities are avoided: sometimes this requires resummation. If only the hard thermal loop is included in the resummation, the spatially-longitudinal component of the gauge field, which contains an extra collective plasmon mode, becomes fully thermalised, though the Faddeev-Popov ghost and the remaining unphysical component of the gauge field remain frozen.
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Induces Interleukin-15 through the NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) mainly infects macrophages/dendritic cells and modulates cytokine expression in these cells. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in wide range of biological activities. It has been shown to be essential for the generation, activation, and proliferation of NK and NKT cells and for the survival and activation of CD8 + effector and memory T cells. In this study, we discovered that PRRSV infection upregulated IL-15 production at both the mRNA and protein levels in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), blood monocyte-derived macrophages (BMo), and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs). We subsequently demonstrated that the NF-κB signaling pathway was essential for PRRSV infection-induced IL-15 production. First, addition of an NF-κB inhibitor drastically reduced PRRSV infection-induced IL-15 production. We then found that NF-κB was indeed activated upon PRRSV infection, as evidenced by IκB phosphorylation and degradation. Moreover, we revealed an NF-κB binding motif in the cloned porcine IL-15 (pIL-15) promoter, deletion of which abrogated the pIL-15 promoter activity in PRRSV-infected alveolar macrophages. In addition, we demonstrated that PRRSV nucleocapsid (N) protein had the ability to induce IL-15 production in porcine alveolar macrophage cell line CRL2843 by transient transfection, which was mediated by its multiple motifs, and it also activated NF-κB. These data indicated that PRRSV infection-induced IL-15 production was likely through PRRSV N protein-mediated NF-κB activation. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underling the IL-15 production induced by PRRSV infection.
A fast algorithm for simulation of flocking behavior

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes an algorithm to enhance the performance of the spatial partitioning method for flocking behavior. Even when a moving entity (boid) in a flock changes its direction and location, its k-nearest neighbors (kNN), which influence its decision for the next direction, seldom change. Using this fact, this paper improves the performance by finding kNN of boids efficiently. A method to check that the new kNN is not changed from the previous kNN is proposed, and the correctness of the method is proven with two theorems. In order to minimize the cost of computing the new kNN, the method checks the fact that the new kNN did not change from the previous kNN. If the new kNN is not changed, the method copies the previous kNN to the new kNN instead of computing the new kNN. The proposed algorithm was implemented and its performance was compared with the original spatial partitioning method. The results of the comparison showed that the proposed algorithm outperformed the original method by about 57.7% with respect to the number of frames per second.
Synthesis and characterization of SnS nanowires

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

SnS nanowires were synthesized by chemical route at ambient temperature. Stannous chloride and sodium sulphide was used as a source of Sn +2 and S -2 ions respectively. The elemental stoichiometric analysis of SnS nanowires was done by employing energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) technique shows the Sn to S ratio is 1.03. X-ray diffraction shows the synthesized SnS nanowires having single phase of orthorhombic SnS. The grain size of SnS nanowires were determine employing Scherrer's formula and Hall-Williamson plot came out to be 11 nm and 16 nm respectively using X-ray diffraction (XRD) data. The Hall-Williamson plot bring out the residual tensile strain of 0.0024 was produced in synthesized SnS nanowires during the synthesis. Synthesized SnS nanowires show the spherical particles type surface topography. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showed that the synthesized nanowires have average crystallite size of 11 nm. The synthesized SnS nanowires were shows the optical direct bandgap 1.49 eV and 0.84 eV indirect bandgap. The thermal decomposition of SnS nanowires was studied employing thermogravimetric (TG), differential thermogravimetric (DTG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The obtained results are discussed in details.
A Review on New Developments in the Stabilization of Soil

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract: Expansive soils pose significant challenges for construction due to the shrink-swell behavior of their clay mineral components. These characteristics render them unsuitable for direct engineering applications in their natural state. To improve their suitability for construction, various stabilization materials and techniques have been utilized. This study examines the effectiveness of different additives and methods in enhancing the engineering properties of expansive soils. .We delve into the microstructural interactions, chemical processes, and economic impacts of soil stabilization, as well as the potential applications of nanotechnology. The discussion also includes the reuse of waste materials and sustainability. Emerging trends in expansive soil stabilization present issues in three key areas: geo environmental concerns, standardization, and optimization. To achieve efficient stabilization of expansive soils, we propose the use of predictive modeling and advanced techniques such as reliabilitybased design optimization, response surface methodology, dimensional analysis, and artificial intelligence.
Research of Trust Degree Evaluation for C2C E-Commerce Based on Fuzzy Neural Network

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Because of anonymity and flexibility of C2C online transaction, trust plays a critical role. On successful E-business, so it is very important to evaluate this trust degree. However there are much fuzzy and uncertainty in this evaluation process, so an evaluation approach based on Fuzzy Neural Network (FNN) is pointed out and applied to solve this problem. FNN has such advantages as multiple rule layers, multiple neurons, strong learning ability, quick convergence rate and so on. Moreover, differential equations can be used to relate the input variables to the output variables, which facilitate the optimization. FNN is a good method to evaluate the trust degree for C2C e-commerce objectively and accurately.
Heading Estimation of Robot Combine Harvesters during Turning Maneuveres

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Absolute heading is an important parameter for a robot combine harvester or a robot tracked combine harvester, especially while it is turning, but due to the rapid turning of robot combine harvesters, its inertial measurement unit gives a gyro measurement bias that causes heading drift. Our research goal is to estimate the absolute heading of robot combine harvesters by compensating this gyro measurement bias during non-linear turning maneuvers. A sensor fusion method like the extended Kalman filter combined with the tracked combine harvester dynamic model and sensor measurements was used to estimate the absolute heading of a robot combine harvester. Circular, sinusoidal and concave shapes were used to evaluate the estimated heading produced by the sensor fusion method. The results indicate that the estimated heading is better than measured heading which was calculated from the integration of yaw rate gyro measurements, and the root mean square errors (RMSEs) for estimated headings are smaller than the measured headings. In practics, the target of this paper is thus the estimation of a heading or absolute heading that is bias compensated, and can be further used to calculate the exact crop periphery for automatic path planning of robot combine harvesters.
Response to Kapoor

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

1 Depatment of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Research Program, Rochester, Minnesota, USA Correspondence: Adil E Bharucha, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Research Program, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota 55901, USA. E-mail: [email protected] This letter underwent AJG editorial review.
Correlation of Combined Radiation and Conduction in Evacuated Honeycomb-Cored Panels

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Research Papers Correlation of Combined Radiation and Conduction in Evacuated Honeycomb-Cored Panels P. D. Jones P. D. Jones Mechanical Engineering Department, Auburn University, AL 36849-5341 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and Article Information P. D. Jones Mechanical Engineering Department, Auburn University, AL 36849-5341 J. Sol. Energy Eng. May 1996, 118(2): 97-100 (4 pages) https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2848040 Published Online: May 1, 1996 Article history Received: May 1, 1995 Revised: October 1, 1995 Online: February 14, 2008