jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Prevention and Control of Collective Violence, W. Thomas Callahan, 1973-12-10

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

"Prevention and Control of Collective Violence, Volume I: Guidelines for the Chief of Police", by W. Thomas Callahan, Department of Justice, a set of operational guidelines for law enforcement agencies to follow in order to prevent and control collective violence. The guidelines are based on the techniques and experiences of 14 city police departments and five state law enforcement agencies, 1973 December 10. PART OF SERIES: Included in the series are several reports and a book pertaining to the prevention and control of riots and civil disturbances. These materials are authored by law enforcement personnel and government officials.
Mechanism of degradation of CPEB during Xenopus oocyte maturation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

CPEB, a cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein, plays an important role in translational control of maternal mRNAs in early animal development. During Xenopus oocyte maturation, CPEB undergoes a Cdc2-mediated phosphorylation- and ubiquitin-dependent degradation that is required for proper entry into meiosis II. However, the precise mechanism of CPEB degradation, including the identity of the responsible E3 ubiquitin ligase, is not known. Here, we show that the SCF β-TrCP E3 ubiquitin ligase complex targets CPEB for degradation during Xenopus oocyte maturation. β-TrCP, the F-box protein of SCF β-TrCP , specifically binds to a sequence 190 TSGFSS 195 (termed here the TSG motif) of CPEB, thereby targeting CPEB for degradation. β-TrCP binding depends on phosphorylation of Thr-190, Ser-191, and Ser-195 in the TSG motif. Among these residues, Ser-191 is phosphorylated by the Polo-like kinase Plx1, which binds CPEB at a specific Thr-125 residue prephosphorylated by Cdc2. Finally, Cdc2-mediated phosphorylation of other multiple Ser residues, previously implicated in CPEB degradation, is required for both Thr-125 phosphorylation and β-TrCP binding, presumably causing conformational changes of CPEB. We propose that Cdc2 and Plx1 sequentially phosphorylate CPEB and target it for SCF β-TrCP -dependent degradation in Xenopus oocytes. We suggest that many other proteins carrying the TSG-like motif may be targeted by SCF β-TrCP .
Slandering the Jew: sexuality and difference in early Christian texts

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

the Muslim advance cut that development prematurely short. Chapter seven concerns itself with how North African Christianity coped initially, but was eventually subsumed, by Islam The most interesting aspects of this book are the individual stories it contains, one of the most intriguing being Procopius’ account of the 400 defeated Vandal warriors sent by the Byzantines via ship into exile in 534 to serve the empire on its Persian frontier (215). The men mutinied, turned the ship around and returned to North Africa. Upon arrival, the Vandals escaped to the mountains, well beyond the coastal cities, and ended up living among the Moors. This suggests that the Vandals had become African, that this was their home, and that perhaps they had found some form of assimilation with the Moorish tribes, something which the original Romano-Africans apparently did not achieve. All in all, Conant has given us a very well-considered overview of the story of North Africa between the end of Roman imperial government there and the coming of Islam. In doing so, he has opened up all sorts of possibilities for further research on what remains a fascinating and evocative subject.
Reflection zone plate concept for resonant inelastic x-ray scattering spectrometry

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We simulate a proof-of-principle design of a wavelength dispersive, parallel spectrometer for use in resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS). The instrument relies on a multiple-channel reflection zone plate (RZP) array, enabling the recording of fluorescence spectra from an acceptance angle of 18 arc min×19 arc min with a mainly source-size-limited resolving power of (0.2-2.6)×104 over an energy range of 21 eV at the L-edge of Fe around 715 eV. An optimal two-dimensional signal readout preserves the spectral resolution to a large extent for widely open exit apertures of ≳50 mm2. The geometrical parameters are matched to the PEAXIS end station at the BESSY II synchrotron facility, and relaxed RZP line densities of <9×102 mm-1 assure the technical feasibility. An error budget estimation with respect to fabrication and alignment tolerances provides the link to real, RZP-based RIXS experiments in the future.
Development and Validation of HPLC-DAD Method for Simultaneous Determination of Seven Food Additives and Ca eine in Powdered Drinks

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The usage of food additives must respect the general legislation in force in the country and requires a reliable analytical method for surveillance. This research aimed to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) method for the simultaneous determination of seven food additives and caffeine in powdered drinks. Three factors likely to affect the chromatographic separation, namely, mobile phase composition at the beginning (x(1), 0-10% of the amount of methanol in the phosphate buffer) and the end (x(2), 60-100% of the amount of methanol in the phosphate buffer) of the gradient program and pH (x(3), 3-7), were evaluated with the aid of a Box-Behnken Design (BBD). Subsequently, multi-response optimizations for chromatographic resolutions (Rs) and analysis time were performed using the response surface methodology (RSM) in conjunction with the desirability function (DF). Complete separation (Rs> 1.5) of seven food additives and caffeine was achieved in less than 16 min by applying 8.5% methanol in the phosphate buffer at the beginning and 90% at the end of the gradient program, in pH 6.7. The developed method was validated with low limits of detection (ranging from 1.16 mg kg(-1)(sodium saccharin) to 3.00 mg kg(-1) (acesulfame potassium)), low limits of quantification (ranging from 3.86 mg kg(-1) (sodium saccharin) to 10.02 mg kg(-1) (acesulfame potassium)), high precision (CV < 4%), and high accuracy (recoveries from 95 to 101% at 80, 100, and 120% of the target concentration). The method was successfully used to assess the seven food additives and caffeine in commercially available powdered drinks.
Modeling of Returns of Nairobi Securities Exchange 20 Share Index Using Log-Normal Distribution

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Nairobi Securities Exchange 20 Index Share (NSE-20 Share Index/ An Exchange Traded Fund) has been one of the investment avenues for both Kenyans and foreign investors look whenever they want to make sound investments decisions in the market. However, the assumption that the daily securities index prices follows a normal distribution has been disputed by data in several cases. This means new statistical distributions must be used to discern the distribution of NSE-20 Share Index thus enabling investors make prudent financial decisions to avoid financial loses. In this research paper, we will model the prices of daily securities index using a log-normal distribution. This is because the distribution follows a positive trend before we can ascertain on how well it fits the already available data at the NSE market. This research paper recommends that a log-normal distribution best fits data of the daily prices of NSE-20 Share Index for those investors who would like to model the future of the market before making financial decisions. Keywords: Daily Returns, Volatility, Healthy-Tailed Distribution, NSE-20 Share Index, Log-normal Distribution DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/11-8-08 Publication date: April 30 th 2020
Reality and Challenges of Pension Schemes in Tunisia

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This article tries to establish whether the statutory system of pensions based on the pay‐as‐you‐go principle is financially defensible in the context of an ageing population. Our study uses the case of Tunisia. The hypothesis that the population is ageing has been confirmed by a prospective study of the Tunisian population to 2050. A simulation of the pension schemes reveals a deficit which is growing at an exponential rate and which must inevitably jeopardize the financial viability of the schemes. Pension reform is thus unavoidable. After studying a number of experiences from other countries, which we describe, we propose a switch to notional defined‐contribution schemes and/or organized in tiers.
Aspects regarding writ procedure in the national legislation of some European states

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this article the author analyses the main characteristics of the writ procedure – a simplified civil judicial procedure, which exists in the legislation of European countries, reviewing the regulations set forth by the civil procedural laws in Romania, France, Germany, Austria, the Netherlands, and Italy. Through the analysis done in this article, the author highlights common features of the civil procedural regulations in the above mentioned countries regarding the writ procedure, as a simplified judicial procedure, derogating from the classic judicial procedure, but which, however, offers to the litigant parties a sustainable and fast protection of their rights and legitimate interests for non-contentious.
Limited replicability of drug-induced amnesia after contextual fear memory retrieval in rats

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

With the ultimate goal of investigating boundary conditions for post-reactivation amnesia, we set out to replicate studies in which systemic, post-reactivation administration of midazolam, propranolol, or cycloheximide resulted in amnesia for contextual fear memories. Our experiments involved conceptual as well as exact replications of previously published studies. In most of our experiments, we adopted a procedure that conformed to the standard 3-day protocol typically used in the literature, with contextual fear conditioning on day 1, unreinforced re-exposure to the conditioning context followed by systemic injection of the amnestic drug on day 2, and a memory retention test on day 3. Given the plethora of successful studies with large effects sizes and the absence of any failed replications in the literature, we were surprised to find that we were generally unable to replicate those findings. Our results suggest that post-reactivation amnesia by systemic drug administration in rats is more difficult to obtain than what would be expected based on published empirical reports. At present, it remains unclear which conditions determine the success of this procedure.
Energy-Transfer Efficiency in Eu-Doped ZnO Thin Films: The Effects of Oxidative Annealing on the Dynamics and the Intermediate Defect States

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

We have studied ultrafast dynamics in thin films of Eu-doped zinc oxide (ZnO), prepared by radio-frequency sputtering onto sapphire substrates. Following UV excitation of ZnO, a red emission is observed. Postdeposition annealing in an oxygen atmosphere improves the crystallinity and emission intensity of the films, which are highly sensitive to the dopant concentration. Transient-absorption spectroscopy shows that the excited semiconductor host transfers energy to rare-earth ions on a time scale of only a few picoseconds. The dynamics as a function of the probe wavelength change dramatically after annealing, with annealed films showing the fastest dynamics at much lower wavelengths. Our results show that annealing greatly affects the defect energy levels of the films and the dynamics of the trapped carriers. Unannealed films show dynamics consistent with energy transfer from O vacancies to the dopant, while energy transfer in annealed samples involves acceptor-type defects such as Zn vacancies as intermediates.
Teenage Attempted Suicide in Hong Kong

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We examined the epidemiological profiles and characteristics of suicide attempters admitted to the Accident and Emergency Department of a regional hospital in Hong Kong (Princess Margaret Hospital) in the period from January to December 1995. These consisted of 101 adolescents (16 males and 85 females) aged between 10 to 24 years. There were significantly more female attempters than males, especially in the group aged 10-19, which had a male-to-female ratio of suicide rates of 1:11. Most of the methods used were nonlethal; the attempters were not serious enough and had no real intention to die. The use of painkillers and sleeping pills was most common. The main precipitating factor was interpersonal problems, for example, relationships, spousal and parental problems, especially among teenage girls. More than 90% of the cases stayed at the hospital for further observation, the mean length of stay in the hospital being 3.3 days. The potential health cost to the hospital system was around HK$ 11.7 million. Underestimating the prevalence of attempted suicides in Hong Kong could be a serious matter.
Climatic and edaphic classification at a continental scale (1:5,000,000) for cassava in South America

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The different environments (combinations of climatic and edaphic conditions) in which cassava is grown in South America are classified, and the most probable differences between one agroecozone and the next based on environmental factors affecting the cassava plant are presented. A hierarchical approach is used for soil and climate classifications. Specific maps for climates, soils, and a combination of climate-soil homologues for cassava in South America are presented as well as a map of cassava distribution. (CIAT)
The Impact of the Host Country Corruption on Inward FDI

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Globalization creates investment opportunities for enterprises worldwide. FDI is one of the traditional options to expand into international markets. According to Dunning’s ownership, location, and internationalization paradigm FDI location is driven by the search for markets, resources, efficiency, and strategic assets. Corruption can be considered as a significant factor of the attractiveness of a location and can affect also other OLI conditions. Most of the theoretical literature as well as case study and microeconomic evidence support the notion that corruption negatively impacts inward FDI flows and growth. However the macroeconomic evidence is not so unambiguous. Some macro-studies do not detect any significant negative relationship between corruption and FDI. The aim of the paper is to analyze the relationship mechanism between corruption and FDI and to evaluate the impact of the host country corruption on inward FDI flows. The results of the empiric analysis presented in the paper provide evidence of the significant negative impact of host country corruption on inward FDI. One of the main benefits from the decrease of corruption level is quantitatively valued as an additional inward flow of the foreign capital in the economy. The econometric analysis is based on panel dataset that includes data for 178 economies during the period of 2004 to 2009. The Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index is used as a proxy for host country corruption level.
Implementing Individually Tailored Prescription of Physical Activity in Routine Clinical Care: A Process Evaluation of the Physicians Implement Exercise = Medicine Project

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background : Although the prescription of physical activity in clinical care has been advocated worldwide, in the Netherlands, “Exercise is Medicine” (E = M) is not yet routinely implemented in clinical care. Methods : A set of implementation strategies was pilot implemented to test its feasibility for use in routine care by clinicians in 2 departments of a university medical center. An extensive learning process evaluation was performed, using structured mixed methods methodology, in accordance with the Reach, Effect, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework. Results : From 5 implementation strategies employed (education, E = M tool embedded in the electronic medical records, lifestyle coach situated within the department, overviews of referral options, and project support), the presence of adequate project support was a strong facilitator of the implementation of E = M. Also, the presence of the lifestyle coach within the department seemed essential for referral rate. Although clinicians appreciated the E = M tool, barriers hampered its use in practice. Conclusions : Specific implementation strategies, tailored to the setting, are effective in facilitating the implementation of E = M with specific regard to education for clinicians on E = M, deployment of a lifestyle coach within a department, and project coordination. Care providers do see a future for lifestyle coaches who are structurally embedded in the hospital, to whom they can easily refer.
Developments in Digital Scholarship

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Digital technology has enabled new forms of collaboration, and data and knowledge sharing, but the behaviours of scholars and institutions has been slower to change. While some researchers seek to work with libraries, others collaborate with their peers in more ad hoc or grassroots projects. What can libraries learn from these forms of digitally-inflicted co-operative projects? The prsenter will look at developments in digital scholarship, and consider how the British Library’s core purposes, including custodianship and research, enables it to respond to these changes. Mia Ridge gained her PhD in digital humanities (Department of History, Open University) with her thesis titled ‘Making digital history: The impact of digitality on public participation and scholarly practices in historical research’. Formerly Lead Web Developer at the Science Museum Group, she has worked internationally as a business analyst, digital consultant and web programmer in the cultural heritage and commercial sectors. She has held international fellowships at Trinity College Dublin/CENDARI, Ireland (2014), the Polis Center Institute on ‘Spatial Narrative and Deep Maps’ (2012) and the Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media One Week One Tool program (2013), and had short Residencies at the Powerhouse Museum (2012) and the Cooper-Hewitt Design Museum (2012). She has post-graduate qualifications in software development and an MSc in Human-Centred Systems. She is Chair of the Museums Computer Group (MCG), and a member of the Executive Council of the Association for Computers and the Humanities (ACH).
The Concept of Responsibility: Introduction and Translation

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Depuis quelques annees, de nombreuses voix aux Etats-Unis en appellent au retour des valeurs et de la vertu. Les predicateurs, les politiques et les philosophes de tout poil ont emprunte ce nouvel argument moral. Pour l'A., nous appartenons a une epoque dans laquelle les solutions a la plupart des problemes vitaux a l'avenir de l'histoire humaine vont au-dela des institutions politiques existantes. Nous vivons egalement une periode de l'histoire ou ceux qui assument les responsabilites sont de moins en moins nombreux. La cause principale reside sans doute dans une mauvaise approche de la signification de la notion de responsabilite
Additional file 9: of Transcriptome dynamics associated with resistance and susceptibility against fusarium head blight in four wheat genotypes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The 8811 differentially expressed pathogen genes. This file also include (B) statistics of differential expression feature extraction (DEFE) pattern associated with each gene, (C) values of FHB-related traits, and (D) Pearson correlation between centroids of the clusters and the FHB-related traits. (XLSX 5432 kb)
RESPONSE TIME AND ELECTRODERMAL MEASURES IN CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

1 Department of Mental Hygiene, Mendocino State Hospital, Talmage, California 95481. This research was supported in part by United States Public Health Service Grant MY-4260. The major portion of the work was done at the Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, located at Central State Hospital, Norman, Oklahoma.
Comparison between exhaled and bronchoalveolar lavage levels of hydrogen peroxide in patients with diffuse interstitial lung diseases.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of the present study was to compare hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels resulting from oxidative stress in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) supernatants of subjects with different diffuse interstitial lung diseases (DILDs). Twenty-one patients who underwent BAL procedure for various DILDs were studied. EBC, which was collected the day before bronchoscopy, was obtained by cooling exhaled breath; BAL was processed for differential cellular count and supernatant was stored. H2O2 in both fluids was measured using a commercial fluorimetric kit with a limit of detection of 0.01 microM. No difference in H2O2 levels in EBC and in BAL was observed [median (range), 0.07 microM (0.01-0.6) and 0.08 microM (0.01-0.8), respectively]. No correlation was observed between BAL and EBC levels. H2O2 in BAL did not correlate with differential cellular count, whereas H2O2 EBC did correlate positively with the percentage of epithelial cells (r = 0.5, p = 0.007) and negatively with the number of macrophages (r = -0.4, p = 0.03). No correlation was observed between H2O2 levels either in EBC or BAL and lung function data. The data show that in DILDs H2O2 can be detected in both EBC and supernatants of BAL and that their relative concentrations are similar but not correlated with each other. The positive correlation between H2O2 levels in EBC and percentage of epithelial cells leads to the speculation that airway epithelia may play a relevant contribution in H2O2 production in the airway lumen.
A federated peer-to-peer network game architecture

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A federated peer-to-peer game is one in which many small areas of interest within a game each supported using a peer-to-peer model are "knitted" together to form a game capable of supporting a very large number of players. Our work has involved determining whether such an architecture is a feasible alternative to the more common central server architecture for supporting large multiplayer network games.
adjacency network of common adjectives and nouns in the novel David Copperfield by Charles Dickens

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The file adjnoun.gml contains the network of common adjective and noun
adjacencies for the novel "David Copperfield" by Charles Dickens, as
described by M. Newman. Nodes represent the most commonly occurring
adjectives and nouns in the book. Node values are 0 for adjectives and 1
for nouns. Edges connect any pair of words that occur in adjacent position
in the text of the book. Please cite M. E. J. Newman, Finding community
structure in networks using the eigenvectors of matrices, Preprint
physics/0605087 (2006).