jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Immune Function in Critically Ill Septic Children

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The inflammatory response in pediatric sepsis is highly dynamic and includes both pro- and anti-inflammatory elements that involve the innate and adaptive immune systems. While the pro-inflammatory response is responsible for the initial clinical signs and symptoms of sepsis, a concurrent compensatory anti-inflammatory response often results in an occult, but highly clinically relevant, form of acquired immunodeficiency. When severe, this is termed “immunoparalysis” and is associated with increased risks for nosocomial infection, prolonged organ dysfunction, and death. This review focuses on the pathophysiology and clinical implications of both over- and under-active immune function in septic children. Host-, disease-, and treatment-specific risk factors for immunoparalysis are reviewed along with immune phenotype-specific approaches for immunomodulation in pediatric sepsis which are currently the subject of clinical trials.
ChemInform Abstract: A Dual‐Catalysis Approach to the Asymmetric Steglich Rearrangement and Catalytic Enantioselective Addition of O‐Acylated Azlactones to Isoquinolines.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract O‐acylated azlactones (I) can be efficiently rearranged to the corresponding C‐acylated products (II) by using the combination of a chiral hydrogen‐bonding catalyst and a simple nucleophilic catalyst.
Detection Of Ventricular Late Potentials Using Wavelet Transform And ANT Colony Optimization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation A. Sankara Subramanian, G. Gurusamy, G. Selvakumar; Detection Of Ventricular Late Potentials Using Wavelet Transform And ANT Colony Optimization. AIP Conf. Proc. 26 October 2010; 1298 (1): 331–337. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3516326 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Understanding Synthesis and Structural Variation of Nanomaterials Through In Situ/Operando XAS and SAXS

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Nanostructured materials with high surface area and low coordinated atoms present distinct intrinsic properties from their bulk counterparts. However, nanomaterials’ nucleation/growth mechanism during the synthesis process and the changes of the nanomaterials in the working state are still not thoroughly studied. As two indispensable methods, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provides nanomaterials’ electronic structure and coordination environment, while small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) offers structural properties and morphology information. A combination of in situ/operando XAS and SAXS provides high temporal and spatial resolution to monitor the evolution of nanomaterials. This review gives a brief introduction to in situ/operando SAXS/XAS cells. In addition, the application of in situ/operando XAS and SAXS in preparing nanomaterials and studying changes of working nanomaterials are summarized.
Upregulation of P2Y2 nucleotide receptor in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective To examine if hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) can induce the upregulation of the purinergic receptor P2Y2 (P2Y2) and thereby promote the viability of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells under hypoxic conditions. Methods Archival HCC tumour specimens and corresponding non-cancerous tissues were examined immunohistochemically for P2Y2 protein. A series of in vitro experiments were undertaken using HCC cell lines to determine the effect of hypoxia on HIF-1α and P2Y2 levels, the effect of HIF-1α upregulation on P2Y2 levels, and the effect of P2Y2 upregulation on cell viability under hypoxic conditions. Results Human HCC specimens were positive for P2Y2. Hypoxia and upregulated HIF-1α both upregulated the P2Y2 levels in HCC cell lines. P2Y2 upregulation using plasmid transfection resulted in enhanced cell viability under hypoxia. Treatment of HepG2 cells with the selective P2Y2 antagonist MRS2312 downregulated P2Y2 and reduced cell viability in five HCC cell lines. P2Y2 knockdown reduced HepG2 cell viability under hypoxia. Conclusions These present results suggest that HCC cells upregulate P2Y2 levels during hypoxia, which in turn promotes their growth. P2Y2 could be a potential therapeutic target for treating HCC.
Ciliary Body and Iris Metastases With Anterior Chamber Angle Infiltration: A Rare Complication From Invasive Ductal Breast Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 54-year-old woman who presented with photopsia was found to have elevated intraocular pressure in both eyes and optic disc cupping in the right eye. Angle infiltration was noted on gonioscopy. She was previously been diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer. This case report describes a rare case of glaucoma as a complication of ciliary body and iris metastases secondary to invasive ductal breast cancer.
LHD Halpha #194833.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Toroidal visible array to measure toroidal distribution of H-alpha and He-I, ratio of helium to hydrogen: H/(H+He) or D/(D+He), and particle recycling and edge tau_p. H-alpha and He-I line emissions are detected by photomultipliers passing through an interference filter. H/D influx ratio can be also minitored by resolving H-alpha and D-alpha line profiles.
EXPERIMENTAL DATA ON INCREASING RESISTANCE OF RATS TO RADIATION SICKNESS IN PREVIOUS INTRODUCTION OF TETRACYCLINES

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The oral introduction of tetracycline antibiotics to albino rats, the daily dose being 300 mg/kg, during 15-18 days previous to x irradiation afforded the evidence of a higher percentage of survival and life expectation of animals in the course of radiation sickness. Such increase of resistance of animals is recorded even when the animals are exposed 3 or 5 days after the introduction of antibiotics was completed. Bacteriologic investigations did not reveal any quantitative difference in the microflora of rats, irrespective of the fact whether or not antibiotics had been administered to rats previous to irradiation. On the basis of the data presented it was presumed that preliminary introduction of tetracycline antibiotics enhances protective mechanisms of the organism in radiation sickness regardless of the antibacterial properties of antibiotics. (auth)
Analysis of Thrombus Composition and Architecture in a High-Shear vs Low-Shear Stress Environment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Thrombotic diseases—including acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and venous thromboembolism (VTE)—are major global health burdens with current therapies limited by narrow time windows, bleeding risks, or infrastructure barriers. While arterial thrombi are often labeled “white clots” rich in platelets and venous thrombi as “red clots” rich in RBCs and fibrin, this dichotomy lacks thorough validation in human tissue. Understanding thrombus composition and architecture under different shear stress conditions may uncover novel and translatable therapeutic targets, especially for patients ineligible for standard thrombolytics. Methods Thrombi were collected from AIS and VTE patients under IRB protocol and processed for immunofluorescent staining. Markers for von Willebrand Factor (VWF), fibrin, CD42b (platelets), glycophorin A (RBCs), PAI-1, and NETs markers (Cit-H3, MPO, NE) were quantified by percent positive area using ImageJ segmentation. Morphology was classified as peripheral, clustering, diffuse, or mixed. A two-tailed unpaired T-test compared percent area, and Z-tests assessed morphological distribution differences between arterial (n=74) and venous (n=31) thrombi. Results RBCs had significantly greater percent area in venous thrombi (p=0.0039), while fibrin content was paradoxically lower in venous thrombi (p=0.0128). No significant differences were observed for VWF, platelets, PAI-1, or NETs markers. Morphologically, venous thrombi demonstrated decreased clustering and increased mixed morphologies across nearly all markers. NETs markers were predominantly diffuse in both thrombus types. VWF and fibrin exhibited substantial peripheral localization. Despite expectations, VWF levels were not significantly lower in venous thrombi, suggesting that shear stress alone does not dictate its distribution. Conclusion These results challenge the conventional “white vs red clot” model by revealing that fibrin is more abundant in arterial thrombi and that platelet content is not significantly reduced in venous thrombi. Elevated PAI-1 and a shell-like fibrin structure suggest thrombolytic resistance, while VWF and NETs may prove to be efficacious therapeutic targets due to their widespread presence in both AIS and VTE. This work underscores the need to revise simplistic thrombus classifications and supports targeted therapeutic innovation.
Engineering Thinking and Rhetoric

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Engineers seek optimal solutions to problems. The solution criteria are of ten of several different types, and there is no formal way to find the best trade‐offs. Nevertheless, engineers make judgments and provide explanations to justify their choices. The thinking which identifies a particular solution as optimal relies on deduction and analogy. The rhetoric which explains the choice of solution uses precedents in a similar way to legal argument. Therefore the formal study of analogical thinking has a role in engineering education, and descriptive case‐based examples are important to the student, not just as illustrations, but as source analogs for problem solving.
The Scottish Liturgy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article The Scottish Liturgy Get access F. H. Amphlett Micklewright F. H. Amphlett Micklewright Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume CXCV, Issue jul22, 22 July 1950, Page 327, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/CXCV.jul22.327a Published: 22 July 1950
REPAIR OF LEAKS IN AN AEROSPACE ENVIRONMENT

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A study was made to determine the optimum method for the detection, location and repair of leaks in a manned space vehicle cabin. The hazards existing in the aerospace environment that could cause leaks were defined. The requirements for the system were established and an optimum system evolved from a trade off of many proposed techniques. The optimum system utilizes cold cathode ionization gauges mounted on the outside (i.e., vacuum or space side) of the cabin wall to detect leakage through the wall by sensing a minute increase in pressure. Separate warning indicators are mounted in back of the detectors, on the inside of the wall. Thus, when a leak occurs, the crew immediately knows the general location of the leak. Wall coverage area for each detector warning unit and system weight, as well as the minimum detectable leak can be varied to suit an individual vehicle. Location of small leaks and faulty seals is accomplished with He as a tracer gas. When a small jet of He is directed over the leak, the current in the detector drops. Larger leaks are pinpointed visually, and/or by the audible noise generated. A decompression warning system is provided to signal the presence of the very large punctures. Repair of seals is best accomplished by application to the junction of the component and cabin wall of a liquid sealant. Repair of small punctures is best obtained with a putty adhesive sealant. A self-brazing plug is optimum for the repair of larger punctures. For repair of large punctures in tight corners, a metal patch mechanically secured optimum.
America's Fight Over Water: The Environmental and Political Effects of Large-Scale Water Systems

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Part One: Departures 1. Introduction 2. Political and Environmental Sociology: The Mobias Strip of Society and Nature 3. Water in the American West Part Two: Investigations 4. In the Beginning There was Boulder: A Natural Menace Becomes a Natural Resource 5. Grand Coulee: 'Mightiest Thing Ever Built by Man' 6. Glen Canyon: Last of the High Dams 7. Conclusion: Toward an Arrival. Maps. References.
Pittsburgh & Western Pennsylvania : Coal & coke fields, oil regions & location of natural gas wells & gas mains leading to Pittsburgh. Issued by the Chamber of Commerce of Pittsburgh.

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Map representing coal and coke fields in Pittsburgh and western Pennsylvania. Shows natural gas, coal, and oil fields, as well as state boundaries, cities, roads, topography, drainage and shoreline. Relief shown by hachures. Includes a legend and bar scale given in miles. Features distances from Pittsburgh, presented in concentric rings. Colored lithograph. Map is 70 x 44 cm, on fold-out sheet 72 x 50 cm.
An approach for converting digital video disk PS to digital video broadcasting TS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

When converting a digital video disk program stream (DVD PS) to a digital video broadcasting transport stream (DVB TS) in the video and audio analog signal level, the original quality of the DVD program certainly will be lost. Based on the standards and definitions of DVD and DVB bitstreams,an approach for lossless converting in the digital video and audio elementary stream level was studied.Software kits for converting DVD PS to DVB TS were implemented to convert the video TS and audio TS, reconfigure system information, adjust the time code, and multiplex the sub-TS. The static information of the DVB TS generated was analyzed, and included system and time information.An application test based on the platform of a DVB system was also implemented. The results show that this approach for lossless converting is correct and generates programs that can be used in a DVB system.
Visually Impaired Users' Access to Online Academic Result in Nigerian Higher Education Institutions: An Exploratory Design Needs Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The adoption of web-based platforms by students to check or access their academic performance is widespread in developing countries' academic systems. However, challenges persist in achieving full implementation, particularly in the case of visually impaired students. This paper explores the perception of visually impaired users in creating an accessible result-checking system for visually impaired students in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Nigeria. Despite efforts towards inclusive education, students with visual impairments encounter barriers to accessing educational resources and information. This research aims to identify perceptions, challenges, and opportunities for creating a highly accessible result checking system. The study involves a user-centred focus group discussion with visually impaired participants. Findings reveal challenges in accessing educational information, lack of assistive device provision, and privacy concerns. Participants highlighted the role of mobile apps in facilitating access to information. The study contributes to the discourse on inclusive education and underscores the potential of IVR/USSD technology to bridge accessibility gaps for visually impaired students, promoting independence and equitable access to educational resources. The paper highlights the methodology and participant insights from the focus group discussion held.
The Honeycomb Type of Reis-Bücklers’ Dystrophy of the Cornea: Biometrics and an Interpretation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Corneal thickness increases with advancing age in patients with the honeycomb type of Reis-Bücklers' dystrophy, affecting visual acuity. A linear relationship is found between these parameters. Also, corneal sensitivity decreases with increasing corneal thickness. The latter may be an import factor in the decrease of ocular irritation later in life in these patients.
Service-Oriented Software Design Model for Communication Robot

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A communication robot like an AI speaker has become popular as one of consumer services in recent years. As communication robots are widely used, various new demands arise. Therefore, system development is required in order to reflect these demands. Meanwhile, a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) or Service-Oriented Software Engineering attracts attentions for productivity improvement. However, there are few examples that apply a SOA or Service-Oriented Software Engineering to consumer services based on communication robots. We have developed communication robots that enable users to receive communication services via Social Networking Service (SNS) regardless of information literacy skills or detect sings of cranial nerve diseases. In this paper, we introduce these examples and discuss a framework common to them. Based on this framework, we propose a human-friendly and service-oriented software design model for communication robots.
Practical calculation of electrical transients on power systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Solution of many power-circuit problems depends upon the magnitude, duration, and frequency of occurrence of transient voltages and currents produced by circuit changes. Circuit-opening or recovery-voltage transients are fundamental in the operation of interrupting devices and may be important from the standpoint of the dielectric strength of circuit elements. Circuit-closing transients may be important from the standpoint of inrush currents and occasionally from the standpoint of overvoltages. Both types of transients may be increased greatly if restriking and repetitive interruptions take place.
Effect of fermented feed additive on the broilers' histology/morphology of the GIT, immune status, and microbiota

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract This study was aimed to analyse the effect of a fermented feed additive on the broilers' histology/morphology of the GIT, immune status, and microbiota as an alternative to AGP. Four groups of 288-day-old male and female Arbor Acre broilers were randomly divided (6 replicates in each group each with 12 chicken). Negative control (NC; basal diet), positive control (PC; basal diet +antibiotic virginiamycin 15ppm) one of the 2 fermented feed additives (FFA) diets prepared by adding, fermented feed additive low dose (FFL; basal diet + 0.3kg/t Lactobacillus casei fermented feed additive) and fermented feed additive high dose (FFH; 3kg/t Lactobacillus casei fermented feed additive). Composition of fermented feed: total bacteria count: 2×10 9 CFU/g,Lactic acid 20mg/g, acetic acid 5mg/g, succinic acid 7mg/g, pyruvic acid 0.1mg/g. The research demonstrated that including fermented feed additives (FFA) in the diet provided overall benefits, FFL and PC diets showed improved (1-21 day) feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to NC from 0-42 day ( P < 0.05). FFH and FFL showed improve intestinal morphology within the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum with higher villus height (VH), and villus height to crypt ratio (VH/CR) ( P < 0.05). Duodenum and ilium crypt depth was highest in PC and FFL respectively ( P < 0.05). FFH had a significantly lower thymus weight compared to NC ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, fermented feeds FFL and FFH influenced the intestinal immunity-related mRNA levels and increased expression of IL-10 ( P < 0.05). FFL down-regulated the mRNA expressions of IL-1β and TLR4 ( P < 0.05). Both fermented feeds FFL and FFH positively modulated the composition and variety of cecal microbiota compared to the NC.
Exploring Factors of Absenteeism Among Students Attending Community Medicine Department

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Context: Frequent absence from classes may lead to improper learning and poor academic performance. Absenteeism can make teaching - learning environment unwelcoming and impacting those also who attend classes regularly. Aims & Objectives: To explore factors responsible for absenteeism among second professional students attending Community Medicine Department and to formulate recommendations to deal with absenteeism. Material and Methods : A Cross sectional study was conducted among 132 second professional medical undergraduate students attending Community Medicine Department in a teaching hospital. A self-designed pre validated questionnaire comprising of various sections related to teaching –learning factors was used to explore factors responsible for student absenteeism. Faculty perception regarding student absenteeism and recommendations formulated to deal with it were recorded separately. Data analysis: Data was entered in MS Excel and Chi Square test was used for analysis. Results: Among 132 study participants, majority of the participants (62.1%) were females who were residing in hostels. Highest percentage of absenteeism (40.1%) was during examination time. Extracurricular activities like sports/gym, browsing net and parties were significantly (p<0.001) associated with absenteeism. Conclusions: Absenteeism can adversely affect academic performance and low attendance can demotivate teachers also to teach with keen interest.
A contribution to the taxonomy, cytogenetics and reproductive biology of the genus Aclerda Signoret (Homoptera, Coccinea, Aclerdidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Gavrilov-Zimin, I. A. (2012): A contribution to the taxonomy, cytogenetics and reproductive biology of the genus Aclerda Signoret (Homoptera, Coccinea, Aclerdidae). CompCytogen 6: 389-395, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v6i4.4320, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v6i4.4320