jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
CHIRAL DISCRIMINATION IN JET-COOLED VAN DER WAALS COMPLEXES: ELECTRONIC AND VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

$^{a}$M. Mons, F. Piuzzi, I. Dimicoli, A. Zehnacker, F. Lahmani. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2 5065 (2000). $^{b}$K. Le Barbu, V. Brenner, Ph. Millie, F. Lahmani, A. Zehnacker-Rentien, J. Phys. Chem. A 102 128 (1998).
THE LANGTON CLINIC CLIENTELE: CHARACTERISTICS OF OUTPATIENTS

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

SUMMARY One year's experience of patients seeking treatment for the first time at the Langton Clinic, but not admitted, in 1980‐81, is reviewed. The majority (did%) 64 not require admission, while 30% needed admission but declined the offer. Of all patients attending however, those who declined were only 11% of those who needed admission. Alcohol‐related problems accounted for 75% of the outpatients, including some nondependent abusers, abstinent alcoholics and social drinkers with transitory disturbances. Of the 18% who were abusing some other drug with or without alcohol abuse, 10% were opiate dependent. Outpatient alcohol dependents tended to be younger and to have suffered less social damage than inpatients.
Cysteine-Specific PEGylation of rhG-CSF via Selenylsulfide Bond

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A new PEGylation reagent enabling selective modification of free thiol groups is described in this article. The reagent was synthesized by attaching linear polyethylene glycol (PEG) N-hydroxysuccinimide to selenocystamine. The reaction was very fast, resulting in over 95% conversion yield. The active group of this new PEG-Se reagent is a diselenide, reacting with thiols via thiol/diselenide exchange reaction. Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) with an unpaired cysteine at the position 18 (Cys18) was used as a model protein. It was comparatively PEGylated with the new PEG-Se reagent, as well as with commercially available maleimide (PEG-Mal) and ortho-pyridyl disulfide (PEG-OPSS) PEG reagents. The highest PEGylation yield was obtained with PEG-Mal, followed by PEG-OPSS and PEG-Se. The reaction rates of PEG-Mal and PEG-Se were comparable, while the reaction rate of PEG-OPSS was lower. Purified monoPEGylated rhG-CSF conjugates were characterized and compared. Differences in activity, stability, and in vivo performance were observed, although all conjugates contained a 20 kDa PEG attached to the Cys18. Minor conformational changes were observed in the conjugate prepared with PEG-Mal. These changes were also reflected in low in vitro biological activity and aggregate formation of the maleimide conjugate. The conjugate prepared with PEG-Se had the highest in vitro biological activity, while the conjugate prepared with PEG-OPSS had the best in vivo performance.
Application of Audio Watermarking Procedures for Mix Music

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we applies typical four audio watermarking technologies to protect ownership or copyright of mix music which is combined two or three pre-existing song.In experimental results, applied watermarking technologies cannot be applicable to mix music and three technologies fail to extract watermarks from mix music.This results is from mix music that does not contain full watermark information.Therefore applicable watermarking technology should development for mix music.The common problem of failed technologies cannot extract the second watermark from underlying mix music.
P190 REAL-WORLD USE OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVES AMONG PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE TREATED WITH VEDOLIZUMAB

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Immunosuppressives (IM) are often used as maintenance therapy to reduce the risk of relapse in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Vedolizumab (VDZ), a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively targets the α4β7 integrin, has been approved for the treatment of moderately-to-severely active Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to assess the real-world use of IM therapy and compare outcomes in IBD patients with or without a history of IM use, who initiated VDZ treatment in the US. The Explorys Universe database was used to identify all IBD patients >18 years of age who initiated VDZ therapy between 05/20/2014 and 02/22/2016 (the date of VDZ initiation was the assigned index date) and had 365 days of available data pre- and post-index date (follow-up). Patients were stratified by use of IMs at any point in their treatment history before the index date. Key outcomes in the follow-up period included the use of IMs and the incidence of IBD-related surgeries, hospitalizations, and flares. A total of 567 patients (68% with CD, 32% with UC) aged 44 ± 15 years (59% female) were included. Overall, 55% had prior use of IMs and 65% received tumor necrosis factor antagonist therapy before starting VDZ therapy. Patients initiated VDZ at 4.5 ± 3.6 years after initial diagnosis (Table 1). During maintenance, 61% and 87% of patients with and without a history of IM use, respectively, did not use IMs. Among VDZ patients with vs those without a history of IM use, there was a trend of increased flares (39% vs 30%, p=0.034), hospitalizations (22% vs 20%, p=0.605), and surgeries (11% vs 7%, p=0.103). Most patients with a history of IM use did not use IM therapy after initiating VDZ in a real-world clinical setting. The use of IMs after initiating VDZ was also low among patients without a history of IM use. Low rates of healthcare resource utilization were observed with or without prior IM use.
Sharp thresholds for half-random games II

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study biased Maker-Breaker positional games between two players, one of whom is playing randomly against an opponent with an optimal strategy. In this work we focus on the case of Breaker playing randomly and Maker being "clever". The reverse scenario is treated in a separate paper. We determine the sharp threshold bias of classical games played on the edge set of the complete graph $K_n$, such as connectivity, perfect matching, Hamiltonicity, and minimum degree-$1$. In all of these games, the threshold is equal to the trivial upper bound implied by the number of edges needed for Maker to occupy a winning set. Moreover, we show that the clever Maker can not only win against an asymptotically optimal bias, but can do so very fast, wasting only logarithmically many moves (while the winning set sizes are linear in $n$).
[The morphological adaptation of the fibers of the human m. triceps surae during local endurance training].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Under investigation were effects of local endurance training of triceps of the calf in physically active volunteers who performed plantar bending in the talocrural articulation 3-4 times a week for 8 weeks with 30% of the maximum arbitrary effort for 40 minutes with 60 movements a minute. The exercise was fulfilled by one foot only. The local training resulted in a 19% greater density of capillaries in the triceps of the calf and in 30% greater amount of capillaries per a fiber. No significant changes were found during training in the ratio of the I and II types of fibers and in their area of cross section, although a tendency for hypertrophy of the Ist type fibers was noticed. Changes in the cross section area of the Ist type fibers and capillary density during training had a considerable negative interrelation. These findings show that the character of the muscle response to training is determined by a correlation of the parameters characterizing its initial state and the parameters of the morphological optimum, corresponding to the given level of functional activity.
Gross anatomy and histology of the alimentary system of Characidae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes) and potential phylogenetic information

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A compared study of the morphology of the alimentary tract and liver of seven selected species corresponding to the main clades of the Characidae family is presented herein. Three new set of characters corresponding to 1) alimentary tract gross anatomy, 2) alimentary tract histology and 3) liver gross anatomy are evaluated as potential sources of data for future phylogenetic studies of the Characidae. Not considerable interspecific variation was observed at the histological level and therefore this source is not considered to be phylogenetically informative at the taxonomic level analyzed. In contrast, liver and alimentary tract gross anatomy presented important interspecific variation while a relatively homogenous intraspecific morphology was observed. Those characters are optimized in tree-topologies from previous phylogenetic analyses and their evolution and potential relationship with ecological traits are discussed.
FADD is amplified and overexpressed in laryngeal carcinomas, and overexpression is correlated with the presence of lymph node metastasis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

2566

The FADD (Fas-associated death domain) gene functions as an adaptor protein in Fas-mediated apoptosis. Recently, FADD was also reported to be involved in cell cycle progression. Phosphorylation of FADD at ser194 resulted in a nuclear localization and cell cycle arrest at G2/M. Interestingly, in normal prostate epithelium only nuclear staining of FADD phosphorylated at ser194 (p-FADD) was observed, whereas in prostate cancer non-phosphorylated FADD (np-FADD) was most prominent. This suggests that the regulatory effect of FADD on cell cycle progression seems to depend on the ratio of p-FADD and np-FADD. The question remains how the balance between p-FADD and np-FADD in tumor cells is regulated. Possibilities are decreasing serine kinase activity, increasing phosphotase activity or the relative increase of the non-phosphorylated protein. FADD is located within the chromosome 11q13 region that is amplified in 36% of head and neck carcinomas. We performed high-resolution 11q13-specific array CGH to determine the copy number and structure of the 11q13 amplicon. Within the 11q13 amplicon, only FADD was amplified in 29 out of 30 laryngeal/pharyngeal carcinomas, whereas other genes were only amplified in 28 or less cases. Quantitative Taqman RT-PCR of the 15 other genes within the 11q13 amplicon revealed that FADD showed the highest correlation in a Mann-Whitney test (p<0,0001) between an increased gene copy number and expression. Immunohistochemical staining with antibodies against FADD also showed a good correlation between amplification and expression (p=0,0023). Remarkably, the p-FADD levels were not or only at very low levels detectable. To validate the clinical significance, we immunostained 168 primary laryngeal carcinomas for expression of FADD. Overexpression correlated with regional lymph node metastasis (p=0.053). The odds ratio (OR) for FADD to predict lymph node-positive laryngeal carcinomas (1.997) was larger than that of cyclin D1 (1.304) and cortactin (1.427), two established marker genes within the 11q13 core amplicon. Our results suggest that overexpression of FADD might be a mechanism to enhance progression through the G2/M and thus implicate that FADD is a good candidate gene within the 11q13 amplicon responsible for the biological behaviour of carcinomas with 11q13 amplification.
Powering the Women in Agriculture: Lessons on Women Led Farm Mechanisation in South India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Purpose:This article analyses how an initiative on farm mechanisation by a local government in Kerala in South India evolved into a formal organisation that provides sustainable livelihood options to women and small and marginal farmers and revived the rice production system.Design/methodology/approach:The study followed the case analysis method. Data were collected by interactions and focus group discussions with people's representatives, trained members of the organisation, farmers and experts of the state agricultural university. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit responses systematically.Findings:Women can be more instrumental in addressing concerns on the sustainability of livelihood systems. However, this requires new institutional arrangements and models of linkages that can empower communities. Democratisation of planning and decision-making has enabled better synergy among various actors at the grass-roots level. Local bodies, research and extension institutions, etc., have been found to have significant roles to play as partners in showing new pathways. Women-led farm mechanisation could be used as a tool for reviving agricultural production systems and for ensuring food and livelihood security. The case highlights the need for evolving context specific organisations to address emerging socio-economic and environmental issues.Practical implication:Sustainability of vulnerable production systems in the emerging socio-economic contexts can be enhanced by gender-sensitive innovations in creating trained social capital and specialised institutions.Originality/value:The inference drawn would be of importance to policy experts, development practitioners, scientists and activists as it would help them explore innovative partnerships and linkages at the grass-roots level to address major socio-economic, gender and environmental issues.
Early Intervention in Psychosis and Management of First Episode Psychosis in Low- and Lower-Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background and Hypothesis People with first-episode psychosis (FEP) in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LMIC) experience delays in receiving treatment, resulting in poorer outcomes and higher mortality. There is robust evidence for effective and cost-effective early intervention in psychosis (EIP) services for FEP, but the evidence for EIP in LMIC has not been reviewed. We aim to review the evidence on early intervention for the management of FEP in LMIC. Study Design We searched 4 electronic databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) to identify studies describing EIP services and interventions to treat FEP in LMIC published from 1980 onward. The bibliography of relevant articles was hand-searched. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Study Results The search strategy produced 5074 records; we included 18 studies with 2294 participants from 6 LMIC countries. Thirteen studies (1553 participants) described different approaches for EIP. Pharmacological intervention studies (n = 4; 433 participants) found a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome among FEP receiving antipsychotics (P ≤ .005). One study found a better quality of life in patients using injectables compared to oral antipsychotics (P = .023). Among the non-pharmacological interventions (n = 3; 308 participants), SMS reminders improved treatment engagement (OR = 1.80, CI = 1.02–3.19). The methodological quality of studies evidence was relatively low. Conclusions The limited evidence showed that EIP can be provided in LMIC with adaptations for cultural factors and limited resources. Adaptations included collaboration with traditional healers, involving nonspecialist healthcare professionals, using mobile technology, considering the optimum use of long-acting antipsychotics, and monitoring antipsychotic side effects.
Bimodal processing with AEP recordings, part I: evidence from the cognitive P300 auditory event-related potential

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Introduction: Continuous advances in cochlear implant (CI) technology have led to a relaxation of the implantation criteria. Hence, an increasing amount of CI-users combine electrical and acoustical hearing in opposite ears. To date, it is unclear how the central auditory system processes binaurally presented electrical and acoustical signals. This study explores the utility of cognitive P300 auditory event-related potential to assess bimodal benefit. \nMethods: Five bimodal were included in the study. All participants had ipsilateral residual hearing, which was amplified by a conventional hearing aid. None of the participants had ipsilateral residual hearing. The cognitive P300 response was elicited using an oddball paradigm with a 500 Hz tone-burst as the standard and a 250 Hz tone-burst as the deviant stimulus. P300s were recorded in response to CI-only and bimodal stimulation.\nResults: In four out of five subjects, bimodal stimulation elicited better P300 than CI-only stimulation. In these subjects, latencies were shorter and amplitudes were larger in the bimodal condition. The results on P300 measures were in agreement with the subjects’ behavioral discrimination abilities.\nConclusion: These preliminary data reveal that the bimodal condition elicited better P300 responses than the CI-only condition. Bimodal listeners may have used various cues to perform the discrimination task.
Electromagnetic compatibility testing procedures of naval radars for installation on board military ships

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The electromagnetic environment on board a military ship represents a delimited space in which there are disruptive sources and disturbance receptors. It is defined by the maximum disruptive levels in each point of the specified space. This electromagnetic environment is extremely complex because it is heavily dependent on: the density of the equipment on board, characteristics of installed equipment (frequency bands, power, modulation types, etc.), the design of the ship so that the electromagnetic field intensity within it is as small as possible. In order to install commercial radars on board military ships it is important to determine whether they can be installed in the Electromagnetic environment on board ships. An analysis of the standards of electromagnetic compatibility applied to them may determine whether commercial radars can be installed on board military ships.
10. Intercultural mediation: An answer to healthcare disparities?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In this article, the results of two evaluation studies of the intercultural mediation program in Belgian health care are presented. From the first study it became clear that the program led to an important increase in the quality of care if adequate use was made of the intercultural mediators’ services. In the second, many factors were found to hamper its efficiency and effectiveness. These were related to a lack of skills and knowledge, as well as certain attitudes, in health care providers and intercultural mediators. The results of both studies led to the development and implementation of a quality assurance and improvement program that should increase the efficiency, effectiveness and quality of the work of the intercultural mediators. This program is briefly described and its impact is discussed.
Management of a Skeletal Class II Malocclusion Using 2-Phase Treatment: An Indian Board of Orthodontics Case Report

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

PK, a 12-year-old female patient, was diagnosed with skeletal Class II due to retrognathic mandible, average growth pattern, Angle’s Class II, Division I malocclusion with Class II canine relation, mild upper anterior spacing, upper anterior proclination, uprighted lower anterior, lingually tipped 35, increased overjet and overbite, scissor bite Irt 24, 25, acute nasolabial angle, tongue thrust habit, incompetent lips, and lower lip trap. The nonextraction approach to orthodontic treatment was involved. The skeletal malocclusion was corrected using the twin-block appliance, followed by upper and lower pre-adjusted edgewise appliances (0.022 × 0.028 slot) with the MBT prescription.
Flexible Scheduling and Young Adolescent Development

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Alternative scheduling formats provide structural flexibility to middle schools that promote the design of developmentally appropriate learning environments for young adolescents. Research indicates that flexible scheduling encourages the development of meaningful relationships between teachers and students, increases student understanding through more in-depth study of curricula, and provides time to more effectively address the demands of diverse learners. Alternative schedules create opportunities for curriculum integration and promote more flexibility and creativity in instructional processes. Flexible schedules also increase teacher collaboration and planning and support heterogeneous grouping practices. These are significant changes that match the recommendations of the National Middle School Association.
Secretion of lipoprotein lipase by macrophages in culture.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cultured macrophages were shown to synthesize and constitutively secrete a triglyceride lipase identified as lipoprotein lipase on the basis of the following criteria: 1) it required apolipoprotein C-II for optimal activity; 2) it exhibited maximal activity at pH 8.2; 3) it was inhibited by 1 M NaCl; 4) it bound tightly to a heparin-Sepharose affinity gel and was eluted with buffer containing 1.5 M NaCl; and 5) the quantity of enzyme released from macrophages was enhanced by heparin. Cycloheximide treatment of macrophage cultures blocked the spontaneous secretion of lipoprotein lipase. Macrophage secretion of lipoprotein lipase may be relevant to the role of this cell in atherogenesis.
Evacuation of coal from hoppers/silos with low pressure pneumatic blasting systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The need for an efficient, economical, effective and quiet device for moving coal and other difficult bulk solids was recognized. Thus came the advent of the low pressure pneumatic blasting system - a very efficient means of using a small amount of plant air (up to 125 PSI) to eliminate the most troublesome material hang-ups in storage containers. This simple device has one moving part and uses approximately 3% of the air consumed by a pneumatic vibrator on the same job. The principle of operation is very simple: air stored in the unit's reservoir is expelled directly into the material via a patented quick release valve. The number, size, and placement of the blaster units on the storage vessel is determined by a series of tests to ascertain flowability of the problem material. These tests in conjunction with the hopper or silo configuration determine specification of a low pressure pneumatic blasting system. This concept has often proven effective in solving flow problems when all other means have failed.