jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Serum anti‐Müllerian hormone level as a predictor of poor ovarian response in in vitro fertilization patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the clinical value of day 3 serum anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) compared with day 3 serum follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) day estradiol (E2) levels and antral follicle count (AFC) in the prediction of poor ovarian response in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). Methods AMH, FSH and AFC on day 3 as well as hCG day E2 levels were determined in 164 subjects. Receiver operating curve analyses and area under curves (AUC) of the study parameters were performed. Predictive values of the levels of day 3 AMH, FSH, AFC, and hCG day E2 as clinical parameters of ovarian response to COH were studied. Results Thirty‐eight women were defined as poor responders. The day 3 AMH and hCG day E2 levels and AFC of normal responders were significantly higher than those of the poor responders. In predicting poor response, the AUC of day 3 AMH level was significantly higher than that of day 3 FSH level but was similar to the hCG day E2 level. Day 3 AMH, FSH and hCG day E2 levels and AFC were found to predict a poor response. Day 3 AMH and hCG day E2 levels were more predictive compared with day 3 FSH level and AFC. The cut‐off level of AMH was ≤2 with a sensitivity of 78.9% and a specificity of 73.8%. Conclusion Day 3 AMH has the ability to predict a poor response to COH and it is more predictive than day 3 FSH and AFC.
Effect of Phenylalanine on the Physicochemical, Structural, and Transport Characteristics of a Profiled MK-40 Sulfoacid Cation Exchange Membrane

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The set of properties of a profiled MK-40 sulfoacid cation exchange membrane after 80 h of contact with aqueous solutions of phenylalanine with different concentrations is studied. A reduction associated with the intercalation of the hydrophobic amino acid ions into its micro- and macropores is observed in the total exchange capacity, moisture content, and thickness of the membrane. The drop in the moisture content of the membrane results in the condensation of its structure, so the height and radius of the elements of the surface profile shrink and the fraction and sizes of the macropores both on the surface and in the volume of the membrane fall. The drop in the diffusion permeability of the sulfoacid cation exchange membrane upon an increase in the concentration of the contacting aqueous solution of phenylalanine is associated with the collapse of pores and their reduced moisture content and number of active functional strongly acidic groups in the membrane as a result of the formation of complex associative structures of the amino acid in the external and internal solutions.
Modulation by Ca2+ and by Membrane Binding of the Dynamics of Domain III of Annexin 2 (p36) and the Annexin 2−p11 Complex (p90):  Implications for Their Biochemical Properties

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The modulation of the local structure and dynamics of domain III of annexin 2 (Anx2), in both the monomeric (p36) and heterotetrameric forms (p90), by calcium and by membrane binding was studied by time-resolved fluorescence intensity and anisotropy measurements of the single tryptophan residue (W212). The results yield the same dominant excited-state lifetime (1.4 ns) in both p36 and p90, suggesting that the conformation and environment of W212 are very similar. The fluorescence anisotropy decay data were analyzed by associative (two-dimensional) as well as nonassociative (one-dimensional) models. Although no statistical criterion is decisive for one model versus the other, only the associative model allows recovery of a physically relevant value of the Brownian rotational correlation of the protein. Using the associative model, a nanosecond flexibility is detectable in p90 but not in p36. When Ca(2+) binds in the millimolar concentration range to both forms of Anx2, a conformational change takes place leading to an increase of the major excited-state lifetime (2.6 ns) and to a suppression of the W212 local flexibility of p90. Binding to membranes of either p36 or p90 in the presence of Ca(2+) does not induce any conformational change other than that provoked by Ca(2+) binding alone. The W212 local flexibility in both proteins increases significantly, however, in their membrane-bound forms. In the presence of membranes, the conformation change of domain III in p90 displays a sensitivity to Ca(2+) 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of p36, reaching intracellular sub-micromolar concentration ranges. This higher Ca(2+) sensitivity correlates with the Ca(2+)-dependent membrane aggregation but not with their Ca(2+)-dependent binding to membranes. The significance of these structural and dynamical changes for the function of the protein is discussed.
Relationships between parental input frequencies and children's language acquisition: a reanalysis of Brown's data

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT To evaluate Brown's assertion that frequency of input is not a significant variable in language acquisition, some of Brown's data were reanalysed. The data pertaining to Adam, Eve, Sarah and their parents were predominantly obtained from Brown's (1973) book and were supplemented from the transcripts. Parental input frequency and the children's age at mastery were highly related for each of the three triads. Then Sarah's input and rate of language acquisition were compared with that of the other two children. The correlation between Sarah's relative input deprivation and her relative linguistic delay was 0·66. Finally, an analysis of Eve's acquisition of specific prepositional phrases involving the preposition in were made. Again it was found that frequency of input was highly related to frequency of production. Detailed analyses of parent-child interactions provided evidence also for short-term effects of input frequency.
Environmental and occupational hazards of the anesthesia workplace.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Our present state of research and knowledge strongly suggests that the volatile agents, halothane, enflurane and isoflurane, present only a minimal threat to our environment. Nitrous oxide, however, has ozone-depleting potential as well as a greenhouse gas effect which may contribute much to the problem of global warming over the next few decades. Release of anesthetic gases into the atmosphere presents a small problem in contrast to other sources of ozone-depleting chemicals and greenhouse gases, but anesthesia providers have a responsibility to minimize unnecessary atmospheric pollution by reevaluating the use of N2O, using low flows of gases and exploring the use of activated charcoal absorption in the scavenging systems to remove volatile agents. Infectious waste, radiation, lasers, chemicals and waste gases pose possible occupational health hazards in the operating room. Each of us should play a critical role in monitoring harmful substances and should actively practice techniques which would lessen the hazards. We should be cognizant of the fact that sources not yet introduced into our environment may have adverse effects on our health and that vigilance and education are key factors in maintaining a safe work environment.
Perspectives on chronic inflammation in essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, and myelofibrosis: is chronic inflammation a trigger and driver of clonal evolution and development of accelerated atherosclerosis and second cancer?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract The morbidity and mortality of patients with the chronic Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, and primary myelofibrosis are mainly caused by cardiovascular diseases, thrombohemorrhagic complications, and bone marrow failure because of myelofibrosis and leukemic transformation. In the general population, chronic inflammation is considered of major importance for the development of atherosclerosis and cancer. MPNs are characterized by a state of chronic inflammation, which is proposed to be the common denominator for the development of “premature atherosclerosis,” clonal evolution, and second cancer in patients with MPNs. Chronic inflammation may both initiate clonal evolution and catalyze its expansion from early disease stage to the myelofibrotic burnt-out phase. Furthermore, chronic inflammation may also add to the severity of cardiovascular disease burden by accelerating the development of atherosclerosis, which is well described and recognized in other chronic inflammatory diseases. A link between chronic inflammation, atherosclerosis, and second cancer in MPNs favors early intervention at the time of diagnosis (statins and interferon-α2), the aims being to dampen chronic inflammation and clonal evolution and thereby also diminish concurrent disease-mediated chronic inflammation and its consequences (accelerated atherosclerosis and second cancer).
House Dust Mite Dermatophagoides farinae Augments Proinflammatory Mediator Productions and Accessory Function of Alveolar Macrophages: Implications for Allergic Sensitization and Inflammation

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract In this study, we examine the effects of Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f), a major source of airborne allergens, on alveolar macrophages (AMs), and we also test its contribution to allergic responses in mice. Der f activated NF-κB of AMs and, unlike OVA or LPS stimulation, up-regulated IL-6, TNF-α, and NO. In addition, it down-regulated antioxidants, but affected neither the expression nor production of IL-12. Der f-stimulated AMs expressed enhanced levels of costimulatory B7 molecules, supported T cell proliferation, and promoted Th2 cell development. The enhanced accessory function was suppressed by blockade mAbs to B7.2, IL-6, and TNF-α and by N-monomethyl-l-arginine, an NO synthase inhibitor, and N-acetylcysteine, a thiol antioxidant, whereas it was augmented by (±)-S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, an NO donor. Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser peptide and neo-glycoproteins galactose-BSA and mannose-BSA inhibited the Der f-induced IL-6 and TNF-α productions and enhanced accessory function of AMs. Der f was more potent than OVA for inducing pulmonary eosinophilic inflammation, NO, and serum allergen-specific IgG1 Ab production in mice. AMs from Der f-challenged mice expressed enhanced levels of B7 and augmented T cell proliferation ex vivo. In Der f-challenged mice, respiratory syncytial virus infection (5 × 105 pfu; 3 days before Der f instillation) augmented Der f-specific Ab production, whereas dexamethasone (50 mg/kg; 1 h before Der f instillation) diminished the allergic airway inflammation and Ab response. We conclude that AMs are sensitive targets for Der f and that the Der f-induced proinflammatory responses may represent an important mechanism in mediating the development of allergic sensitization and inflammation.
Membranes of Cationic Gemini Lipids based on Cholesterol with Hydroxyl Headgroups and their Interactions with DNA and Phospholipid

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Two series of cholesterol-based cationic gemini lipids with and without hydroxyl functions at the headgroups possessing different lengths of polymethylene [-(CH(2))(n)-] (n = 3, 4, 5, 6, 12) spacer have been synthesized. Each gemini lipid formed stable suspension in water. The suspensions of these gemini lipids in water were investigated using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential measurements and X-ray diffraction to characterize the nature of the individual aggregates formed therein. The aggregation properties of these gemini lipids in water were found to strongly depend upon the length of the spacer and the presence of hydroxyl group at the headgroup region. Lipoplex formation (DNA binding) and the release of the DNA from such lipoplexes were performed to understand the nature of interactions that prevail between these cationic cholesterol aggregates and duplex DNA. The interactions between such gemini lipids and DNA depend both on the presence of OH on the headgroups and the spacer length between the headgroups. Finally, we studied the effect of incorporation of each cationic gemini lipid into dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine vesicles using differential scanning calorimetry. The properties of the resulting mixed membranes were found again to depend upon the nature of the headgroup and the spacer chain length.
Development of Shuttle Lock Suspension System for Transtibial Prosthetic Users

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

A well-designed prosthetic suspension system is essential for keeping the residual limb securely inside the prosthetic socket. It greatly affects the mobility and satisfaction of amputees. Although many suspension systems are available for transtibial amputees but expensive. To create and test a locally-made Shuttle Lock suspension system that is more affordable. An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the newly developed Shuttle Lock suspension system made locally. The locally-made Shuttle Lock suspension system was well-received by users, providing a comfortable, secure, and durable solution for transtibial prosthesis users. The shuttle lock suspension system covers the residual limb and the prosthetic socket to provide a lock and secure system that is easy to use, although areas of difficulty which included misalignment and pressure concerns were noted, they were small compared to the fact that it was easy to put on and take off.
On the methodological problems of new ideas and approaches to press concentration research

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article considers various European approaches to press concentration research, analyzing their individual strengths and weaknesses. The author argues that research on concentration has not kept pace with press developments and that the weaknesses in the separate approaches to exploring concentration have obscured the real nature and extent of the problem. He then offers a model for concentation research that integrates the various approaches to provide a broader understanding of the effects of press concentration.
Principles Of Actio Paulina In Bankkruptcy Regarding The Deed Of Trasfer Of Rights Made In Front Land Tittles Registrar

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The legal principle of actio pauliana is the right given to creditors to request the cancellation of all acts of transfer of rights carried out by the debtor. The curator is the only party who can cancel legal actions carried out by the bankruptcy debtor based on the legal principle of actio pauliana through the Court, so that the deed of transfer of rights made by PPAT can be canceled using the legal principle of actio pauliana through a court decision. The aim of this research is to analyze the concept of the actio pauliana principle in the legal system in Indonesia and find out the legal position of the deed of transfer of rights made before the PPAT which is submitted for actio pauliana legal action in bankruptcy in Indonesia. The method used in research is normative juridical. Based on the research results, it is concluded that the concept of the actio pauliana principle in the legal system in Indonesia has been regulated in Article 1341 of the Civil Code and Articles 41 to Article 49 of Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations with the aim of protecting interests of creditors from bad actions carried out by debtors. This must go through a process by filing a lawsuit with the Commercial Court to obtain a decision to cancel the transfer of property or assets to a third party. A lawsuit for the transfer of property or assets can only be directed against a party who within 1 year before the bankruptcy occurred transferred their assets. The legal status of the deed of transfer of rights made before the PPAT which is submitted for actio pauliana legal action in bankruptcy in Indonesia is binding for both parties when the transfer of rights is carried out in good faith in accordance with the provisions required in the Law.
Strain-induced dynamic control over the population of quantum emitters in two-dimensional materials

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The discovery of quantum emitters (QEs) in two-dimensional materials (2D) has triggered a surge of research to assess their suitability for quantum photonics. While their microscopic origin is still the subject of intense studies, position-controlled QEs are routinely fabricated using static strain gradients, which are used to drive excitons towards localized regions of the crystal where quantum light emission takes place. However, the use of strain in a dynamic fashion to control the brightness of single-photon sources in 2D materials has not been explored so far. In this work, we address this challenge by introducing a novel hybrid semiconductorpiezoelectric device in which WSe2 monolayers are integrated onto piezoelectric pillars that provide both static and dynamic strains. The static strains are first used to induce the formation of QEs, whose emission shows photon anti-bunching. Their energy and brightness are then controlled via the application of voltages to the piezoelectric pillars. Numerical simulations combined with drift-diffusion equations show that these effects are due to a strain-induced modification of the confining-potential landscape, which in turn leads to a net redistribution of excitons among the different QEs. Our work provides a method to dynamically control the brightness of single photon sources based on 2D materials.
Long‐term effects of soil erosion on dryland crop yields in the Songnen Plain, Northeast China

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The elucidation of the influence of soil erosion on crop yields is of paramount importance to ensure food security. Remote sensing data has facilitated the acquisition of long‐term spatially‐distributed information on soil erosion modulus and crop yields. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model was employed to estimate the soil erosion modulus, while the Carnegie‐Ames‐Stanford Approach (CASA) model has been utilized to calculate the net primary productivity (NPP). This study integrated models to assess the impact of soil erosion on dryland crop yields in the Songnen Plain from 2000 to 2020. The findings reveal that the annual average soil erosion modulus for dry cropland in black soil region (BSR) of the Songnen Plain is 4.2 (t ha −1 yr −1 ), which is 1.5 times greater than that of the other region (OR). The greater cropland erosion within the BSR limited the trend for increasing crop yields, whereas the impact of erosion on crop yield dynamics in the OR was not significant. The areas where dryland crop yields diminished in the Songnen Plain because of soil erosion were predominantly concentrated within the BSR. Advancements in agricultural technology have partially mitigated the adverse consequences of erosion on yields.
The potential for sustainable production and consumption in a technological Society

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The French philosopher Jacques Ellul articulated the concept of the technological society in 1954 to describe the deeply interwoven relationship between social, cultural, economic, political and technical factors that exists in mature industrial societies. Some commentators have seen a continuing role for this concept pertinent to understanding the broad social dynamics of technological change. This chapter draws on current commentary to investigate the implications for change in existing processes of production and consumption through sustainable innovation. It reviews current thinking in the social studies of technology to identify the ways in which discourses of sustainable innovation might not transform socio-technical systems in the manner conceived by proponents. It identifies how technical characteristics relating to sustainable performance of a particular artefact could fail to transfer from artefact to system or from innovation to widespread adoption and use. In conclusion, it is suggested that calls for sustainable innovation represent part of the ‘business as usual’ operations of a technological society.
A Unifying Theory for Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome Pathogenesis?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Citation Giuseppe Salfi; A Unifying Theory for Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome Pathogenesis?. J Immunol 15 November 2023; 211 (10): 1441. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.2300590 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Journal of Immunology Search Advanced Search
A [11C]Ro15 4513 PET study suggests that alcohol dependence in man is associated with reduced α5 benzodiazepine receptors in limbic regions

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Preclinical evidence suggests the α5 subtype of the GABA-benzodiazepine receptor is involved in some of the actions of alcohol and in memory. The positron emission tomography (PET) tracer, [ 11 C]Ro15 4513 shows relative selectivity in labelling the α5 subtype over the other GABA-benzodiazepine receptor subtypes in limbic regions of the brain. We used this tracer to investigate the distribution of α5 subtype availability in human alcohol dependence and its relationship to clinical variables. Abstinent (>6 weeks) alcohol-dependent men and healthy male controls underwent an [ 11 C]Ro15 4513 PET scan. We report [ 11 C]Ro15 4513 brain uptake for 8 alcohol-dependent men and 11 healthy controls. We found a significant reduction in [ 11 C]Ro15 4513 binding in the nucleus accumbens, parahippocampal gyri, right hippocampus and amygdala in the alcohol-dependent compared with the healthy control group. Levels of [ 11 C]Ro15 4513 binding in both hippocampi were significantly and positively associated with performance on a delayed verbal memory task in the alcohol-dependent but not the control group. We speculate that the reduced limbic [ 11 C]Ro15 4513 binding seen here results from the effects of alcohol, though we cannot currently distinguish whether they are compensatory in nature or evidence of brain toxicity.
Nanotribology of single crystal ZnO surfaces: Restructuring at high temperature annealing

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Atomic force microscopy is used to study low friction structures formed on single crystal zinc oxide because of annealing. Zinc oxide thin films deposited in this laboratory showed low friction (∼0.2) and long wear life (over one million cycles) in humid air at room temperature. Research into the mechanisms for this low friction behavior, far exceeding the life of typical solid lubricants (e.g., MoS2 and graphite) led to the present work, which focuses on the nanotribology of single crystal ZnO surfaces. Thermal annealing was used to cause surface reconstruction and defect formation. Etch pits were formed on the (101̄0) surface and roughening or reconstruction occurred on the (0001) surface. These pits and roughened areas showed low friction that could be originating from interactions of defects and restructured crystal faces due to adsorbates. Adhesion and relative contact stiffness were not significantly different between friction contrasting regions. The results of lateral force microscope analysis of the different single crystal surfaces are presented here.