jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Failing to Think: The Promise of Performance Philosophy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Performance Philosophy, at its most hopefully imagined, seems to promise to succeed where other philosophical discourses and performative practises have come up short—perhaps even failed. That is to say, far from simply announcing a relatively modest interdisciplinary venture between philosophy and performance, Performance Philosophy seems invested with a radical potential that would, if realised, reveal a paradigm of creation and/or interpretation that is quite new and distinct. Its achievements, if successful, would be beyond the compass of performance and philosophy conceived independently of each other. Even the term itself, ‘Performance Philosophy’, conveys a certain paratactical momentum that seems directed towards a profound artistic, intellectual, and disciplinary miscegenation where neither performance nor philosophy would remain separate and intact and neither would be subordinated to or conditioned by the unchanged disciplinary genealogy and underpinnings of the other. Though exciting in prospect, this is far from unproblematic. Is performance, as an act of deliberate creative expression, not to some degree pulling in the opposite direction to truth-revealing, knowledge-bearing philosophy? Or does Performance Philosophy relate only to more elastic understandings and redefinitions of philosophy? More specifically, this article asks what ‘thinking’ ‘itself’ might be in the context of Performance Philosophy and what sort of ‘knowledge’ it might give rise to. It will be argued that against the usual measures of epistemological success Performance Philosophy must be judged to fail. However it will then explores whether, in a move reminiscent of the aesthetics of failure of early German Romanticism, it is precisely failure that seems to hold the promise of opening up new epistemological ground.
Incidence of Cotton Seedling Diseases Caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Thielaviopsis basicola in Relation to Previous Crop, Residue Management and Nutrients Availability in Soils in SW Spain

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Cotton seedling damping‐off is considered a disease complex, in which several pathogens can be involved. In SW Spain, postemergence damping‐off seems to be mainly associated with Rhizoctonia solani and Thielaviopsis basicola , posing a serious limitation for crop, especially in cold springs. Ninety‐seven commercial plots, where postemergence damping‐off of cotton seedlings was observed during previous years, were selected in April 2001. In each plot, plants were randomly sampled between cotyledon to three true‐leaf stage and soil samples besides the plants were taken. Symptomatic plants were separated according to the main observable seedling disease symptom: black necrosis (black root rot), brown necrosis and other symptoms. Thielaviopsis basicola inoculum was estimated in soil samples. Soil samples were also analysed for nutrient availability (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn). All the sampled plants showed some seedling disease symptom. Macroscopic symptoms can provide a reasonable distinction between these two major pathogens involved in seedling disease symptoms in the studied area: the percentage of T. basicola isolates (18%) from black necrosis symptomatic plants was significantly higher than that of R. solani (4.1%), whereas in brown necrosis symptomatic plants, the situation was reversed (10.7 vs. 12.8%). The percentage of plants with black necrosis symptoms was inversely related to the portion of plants with brown necrosis in each plot. The mean incidence of black necrosis was significantly lower in plots with residue incorporation (sugar beet as the preceding crop) than in plots without residue incorporation. No significant effect of preceding crop or residue management on brown necrosis incidence was observed. Incidence of black necrosis was negatively correlated with available N measured as NO 3 ‐N when corn or sunflower were the preceding crop. The incidence of black necrosis was positively related to Fe availability in soil after cotton as preceding crop, whereas brown necrosis was negatively related to the availability of this micronutrient.
Administração de somatotropina bovina no período pré-parto sobre parâmetros produtivos, sanitários e reprodutivos da primeira lactação de vacas holandesas

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The effects of pre-delivery administration of bovine somatotropin (bST) on first lactation performance were evaluated in this study, which involved eighteen Holstein pregnant heifers. Nine animals were supplemented with subcutaneous injections of 500 mg of bST, on days 21 and 9 prior expected delivery, and 9 were not supplemented (control group). Animals were fed total mixed ration, twice daily. Data evaluated in this experiment were related to sanitary, reproductive and productive parameters during first lactation. Administration of bST did not affect parameters related to sanity (retained placenta, metritis, displacement abomasum, milk fever, ketosis), reproduction (follicular cysts). However, heifers supplemented with bST showed changes of body condition score 65% greater, anticipated milk production peak in 9.7 days and decreased number of days in lactation in 21,8 days, compared to the non-supplemented ones (p < 0.05). Milk production peak and milk production corrected for 305 days were not affected by bST administration.
Supplementary Methods, Table 1, Figures 1-4 from Activated MET Is a Molecular Prognosticator and Potential Therapeutic Target for Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Supplementary Methods, Table 1, Figures 1-4 from Activated MET Is a Molecular Prognosticator and Potential Therapeutic Target for Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors
Defining MCID in patients following meniscectomy and the role of pre-operative PROMIS scores in predicting clinical improvement

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is emerging as a valid and efficient means of collecting patient outcomes in patients with meniscal tears. Our purpose was to examine the role of pre-operative PROMIS computer adaptive test (CAT) scores in predicting post-operative PROMIS CAT scores, as well as the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) following meniscectomy. We hypothesize that pre-operative PROMIS CAT scores will directly impact both post-operative PROMIS CAT scores and likelihood of achieving MCID. Methods: Patients undergoing arthroscopic meniscectomy that completed PROMIS CAT forms for physical function (PROMIS-PF), pain interference (PROMIS-PI), and depression (PROMIS-D) were utilized. MCID was calculated according to the distribution methodology, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were utilized to determine if pre-operative scores were predictive of post-operative outcomes. Preoperative cutoffs were used to predict which patients would likely meet MCID, using 90% specificity. Results: A total of 135 patients met our inclusion criteria. PROMIS-PF, PROMIS-PI, and PROMIS-D improved 3 months after surgery (p<0.01). 62% of the entire cohort met MCID for PROMIS-PF, while 68% met MCID for PROMIS-PI, and 41% met MCID for PROMIS-D. Individuals with PROMIS-PF scores below 34.9 yielded an 82% probability of achieving MCID, while PROMIS-PI scores above 67.5 yielded an 86% probability of achieving MCID and a cutoff of 58.9 for PROMIS-D yielded a 60% probability of achieving MCID, with 90% specificity. Conclusions: Significant portions of patients undergoing meniscectomy achieve MCID in PROMIS-PF, PROMIS-PI, and PROMIS-D, at the 3-month time point. In particular, patients with PROMIS-PF scores of <34.9 are far more likely to achieve MCID for physical function.
Flexible structural polyethylene films for dynamically tunable energy harvesting from the sun and outer space

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) achieves a sub-ambient temperature without any electricity input, which is of great significance for global energy savings and minimum carbon footprint, especially, in hot seasons. However, due to the static performance of most PDRC materials, it may cause overcooling and high heating energy consumption in cold seasons. Here we establish a structural surface on ubiquitous polyethylene (PE) films and demonstrate an asymmetric electromagnetic transmission with forward/backward transmittance ratios of 2.61 and 1.67 in both solar irradiance and long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectral ranges, enabling it to work as a multispectral self-adaptive window (MSW). By integrating the MSW with the PDRC material, the originally static PDRC can be transformed into a dynamic one that allows the switching between temperatures 4.3 °C lower and 3.4 °C higher than the ambient temperature of the chamber interior. The cooling and heating modes are achieved through electrically actuating the MSW, which originates from the dynamically tunable energy harvesting from the sun and outer space. The MSW features transition-temperature-independent switching, broad spectral tunability, lightweight, robust mechanical strength, low cost, and scalable manufacturability, benefiting both an in-depth insight into the dynamical interaction of terrestrial objects with nature thermodynamics resources and broad applications.
Exergetic Irreversibility and Sustainability Performances for Alternative Fuels in the Micro-Turbojet Engine

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Design and modernization of the micro turbojet engine technology have an important problem related to fuel consumption in terms of economics and environmental. For this purpose, in this study, first, energy and exergy efficiencies of the Jet A-1 and seven different alternative fuels were examined. Then, Exergy—based sustainability indicators were evaluated via exergetic irreversibility seperately. For this purpose, operational data of SR-30 micro-turbojet engine was taken as reference. According to this, the exergy efficiencies of engine as fuel for blending of methanol and ethanol were fixed with 22.35% and 20.56%, respectively. At the end of the study, some evaluations about alternative fuels and sustainability were made.
A wideband varactor-tuned BICMOS Negative Inductance design

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes the design of a wideband varactor-tuned BiCMOS Negative Inductance, with NXP semiconductors 0.25 μm BiCMOS SiGe process. The structure consists in a loop with a C-gyrator associated with an amplifier. This amplifier allows both inverting the impedance behaviour and obtaining a negative inductance. Furthermore, differential stages are used to benefit the floating effect to achieve a floating inductance. In these conditions, the capacitive effect is inverted and a Negative Impedance Converter is realized. For our application, the targeted value is -20 nH with a frequency range from 200 to 900 MHz. Firstly, this architecture has been presented in [1] by White and al. but in this paper we use a varactor which allows adjusting the negative value. At 2.7 V power supply voltage, a power of only 11 mW is dissipated.
Sustainability and Australian Coastal Shipping: Some Issues

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper raises the issue of coastal shipping as an addition and/or alternative to the environmental unfriendly land-based transport operations. It investigates changing government policies relating to coastal and short sea shipping adopted overseas. It points out that Australia’s freight task is somewhat different with its long coastline, cabotage restrictions and high operating costs which has meant that shipping is now confined primarily to carrying bulk cargoes; ones that cannot be carried by land transport. The paper investigates whether and under what conditions coastal shipping can become an effective transport mode for non-bulk cargoes and raises some issues that must be addressed in order for it become a viable alternative.
Thickness, medullation and growth rate of female scalp hair are subject to significant variation according to pigmentation and scalp location during ageing.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The biological importance and/or significance of human hair colour is unknown even though greying is obviously associated with ageing. In order to further characterise hair pigmentation in relation with hair growth variables we evaluated 3 scalp sites (top of the head (T): left and right and occipital(O)) in 12 untreated menopausal women (age range: 49-66 years: average 59.63 +/- 5.66) who presented complaining of hair loss and/or diffuse alopecia. Controls were 12 non menopausal sexually mature woman (7 age range 15-21 and 5 age range 38-48) not complaining of hair loss. One hair sample (whenever possible n = 60) was taken one month after clipping from T and O on each person; menopausal women were sampled twice. The following measures were performed with a light microscope: diameter (average min-max., microm), medulla (0% = absent to 100% = fully developed) and linear hair growth rate (mm/day). The hairs were categorised as pigmented (P) or non-pigmented (white, W) as compared with a black and white reference card. A total of 3343 hairs were analysed with 2-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA). A global comparison (all hairs) showed that the average diameter of W hair (67.68 microm) exceeded that of P hair (57.41 microm) (p = 0.0001) and this was maintained on all 3 scalp sites. In addition, the medulla of W hair (23.91%) appeared more developed than the medulla of P hair (12.21%) (p = 0.0001) and was more expressed in W T hairs as compared with W O hairs (p = 0.0325). There was also a significant interaction between site and pigmentation (p = 0.0074). Growth rate of W hairs (0.38 mm/d) was higher than that of P hairs (0.35 mm/d) (p = 0.0001) and there was a significant variation according to scalp sites (p = 0.0001). There was also a significant interaction between site and pigmentation (p = 0.0062) with the following rank order: O W (0.40 mm/d), T W (0.37 mm/d), O P (0.37 mm/d) and T P (0.34 mm/d). Subgroups of W and P of paired thickness in the range of 50 to 80 pm consistently showed a 10% faster growth rate of W. Previous studies have shown that growth rate and diameter declines in age and alopecia i.e. in hair thinning. Our data shows that the reduced growth rate of terminal hairs is in fact limited to the pigmented hairs. The mechanisms by which white hairs are spared these ageing changes are not yet understood. Less pigmented hairs are usually undetected by photo- graphic techniques used for drug trials. The potential role of drug induced modifications of hair pigmentation should be taken into account during the interpretation of efficacy except if contrast-enhancement has been applied.
Descending Projections to Spinal Motor and Sesory Cell Groups in the Monkey: Cortex versus Subcortex

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

In rhesus monkeys, corticospinal fibers have been found to terminate in motor, sensory, and internuncial cell groups. The present study reveals that the subcorticospinal fibers terminate primarily on internuncial neurons. Possible mechanisms involved in transmission of cortical and subcortical influences on motor and sensory cell groups are discussed.
Plant enhancement of indigenous soil micro-organisms: a low-cost treatment of contaminated soils

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The United States has more than 1000 individual areas of petroleum-contaminated soil at formerly used defense (FUD) sites located in cold regions. This paper investigates biotreatment systems based on exploiting naturally occurring phenomena in the rhizosphere — the soil adjacent to and influenced by plant roots. Rhizosphere-based remediation systems would be inexpensive to implement and maintain and would be applicable to remote or permafrost sites. Herein, this paper provides the rationale for using rhizosphere-based biotreatment systems and some initial results. In both laboratory and field studies, successful plant germination, plant growth, and root intrusion into and through contaminated soil are demonstrated. Using a Captina silt loam in a 10-week laboratory study, the effects of vegetation and contamination on microbial numbers were compared. The vegetation treatments included an unvegetated control and a vegetated treatment seeded with bahiagrass ( Paspalum notatum ). The contamination treatments included an uncontaminated control and a treatment with 2000 mg pyrene kg -1 soil added. Microbial numbers at 10 weeks were not significantly influenced by the contaminant level of 2000 mg pyrene kg -1 soil compared to the control. However, microbial numbers were greater in the rhizosphere of the bahiagrass-vegetated soil compared to the unvegetated soil. In a 34-week field study, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations of a diesel-contaminated soil decreased significantly more in the rhizosphere+nutrient treatment compared to the control that was not vegetated or fertilized. Bacterial numbers in the field study were 287 times greater in the rhizosphere+nutrient treated soils than in the control treatments. Measurable TPH compounds in the plant tissue were insignificant. The data demonstrated that rhizosphereenhanced treatment of organic-contaminated soils can be effective in reducing soil petroleum concentrations and may be a cost-effective strategy particularly suited for treating cold-region sites where remediation options are limited by cost, remoteness of the site, and/or brevity of the treatment season.
Clinical registry of childhood cancer and late effects of childhood cancer treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Around 70 children and adolescents under the age of 20 are diagnosed with cancer in Slovenia every year. Incidence is rising over time, but survival is improving significantly, resulting in a decrease in mortality and an increase in the number of survivors who need lifelong follow-up because of the risk of late effects. The Slovenian Cancer Registry's standard dataset contains data that is too scarce for some in-depth studies on childhood and adolescent cancers and late effects in survivors. At the Cancer Registry, we have therefore started activities in 2020 to establish a clinical registry of childhood cancer and late effects of childhood cancer treatment, which acts as a population-based registry with a highly expanded dataset. Its primary purpose is to systematically record the late effects of cancer treatment. It consists of two modules. The first is managed by the Cancer Registry and, using an active registration approach through access to the electronic patient records of the Ljubljana Paediatric Clinic and other institutions, it allows for a detailed inventory of the disease (in line with international rules), primary treatment (operations, cumulative doses of individual therapeutics, cumulative radiation doses, haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and other treatments, side effects of treatment) and recurrences, where the treatment is registered to the same level of detail as the primary treatment. The first module already contains data for the incidence year 2019, with accelerated registration of subsequent years to follow. The second module will be operated by the Late effects unit of the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, where all collected data will be accessible during the patient's visit, and where visits, tests performed, questionnaires completed and late effects identified can be prospectively recorded. The second module is undergoing testing for user-friendliness, and we are developing automation of the treatment summary (survivorship passport) and follow-up recommendations.
Timber industries of Pennsylvania, 1988. Forest Service resource bulletin (Final)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Evaluates regional timber output of Pennsylvania. Results are based on a survey of primary processing mills located in the state, and of mills in other states that used wood from Pennsylvania. Contains statistics on industrial timber production and mill receipts and the production and final end use of manufacturing residues. Comparisons are made between historical and current data, and trends in industrial wood output are noted. Contains graphics and statistical tables.
Study of a Section of the Oregon Coast Flora

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The following paper is the result of a somewhat detailed study of the flora of a small section of the Oregon coast in Lincoln County, namely, that lying between Yaquina Head and the mouth of Yachats River. These two points are distant from each other in a straight line about twenty-five miles; by the beach, striking across the mouths of the bays, the distant is perhaps twenty-eight miles. The flora in the neighborhood of Seal Rocks, about midway between the two points, received the most attention, though the whole ground was gone over rather carefully. This section is fairly representative of the entire coast of the state, except the extreme southern part.
Risk of Cognitive Decline in Women with Parkinson’s Disease Is Reduced by Early Age at Menarche

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting men more frequently than women, a difference that might be due to many factors, including sexual hormones. Estrogens seem to confer a protective effect on the nigrostriatal pathway in experimental studies but their effects on cognition in patients with PD are unknown. Aim: To investigate the impact of the exogenous and endogenous estrogens on cognitive impairment in women with PD. Methods and materials: We recruited and consecutively interviewed outpatient women affected by PD. Each patient underwent a cognitive assessment via the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale (MoCA), an anamnestic collection of the reproductive lifespan variables and clinical features. We investigated if some of the reproductive lifespan variables investigated could predict cognition outcomes in post-menopausal women with PD. Results: A total of 90 women with PD were recruited. Women with MoCA ≥ 26 (n = 27) had a lower median age at menarche (11 [11,12] vs. 13 [12–14], p < 0.0001), lower disease duration in years (8.3 [6.1–12.7] vs. 9.4 [6–12.7], p = 0.6), and less advanced disease (1 [1,2] vs. 2 [1–3], p = 0.02). Among all the reproductive life-span variables, only earlier age at menarche significantly predicted higher scores on MoCA (aOR = 0.5 [0.3–0.8], p = 0.005). No other clinical and reproductive factors have been shown to have an influence on cognitive scores. Conclusions: Age at menarche correlated with cognitive outcomes. Our study suggests that earlier exposure to endogenous estrogens during a phase of development and plasticity of the brain might preserve women with PD from cognitive decline.
Optimal Production Decisions with Emissions trading

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

To discuss the decision making problem of optimal production in supply chain enterprises, by taking a two-stage supply chain with one supplier and one retailer as the research objective and considering emissions trading, the profit models of both centralized and decentralized supply chains were proposed with logical proof.The conclusions show that given finance demand for products, carbon-trading policy enables members of the supply chain to make more money from investing carbon emissions.In addition, in concentration decision, emission reduction effort best that in decentralized supply chain and all members' profit will grow up if the retailer provide the supplier with appropriate subsidies.Furthermore, customs' low-carbon awareness provides a boost for emission reduction efforts and leads to more benefits to the enterprises