jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Increased risk of hospitalization for hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by Asian dust in Japan

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background In 2011, the hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) outbreak occurred in mainland Northeast Asia. Thereafter, the incidence of HFMD hospitalization was higher than the average annual incidence in Tottori, Japan. However, there were relatively fewer HFMD hospitalization cases in 2012. Asian dust (AD), the agent might responsible for the spread of foot and mouth disease (FMD), contains the virus Aphtae epizooticae that causes FMD in animals. AD also causes diverse health issues and symptoms in humans, and several cases have been widely reported. However there is no report about infection disease with AD for human. Aims We investigated the possible causes for hospitalization of patients due to HFMD caused by AD events. Methods Bioaerosol samples were collected from rooftops, and the enterovirus was analyzed using seminested polymerase chain reaction. Data on suspended particulate matter (SPM; particle size < 10 ?m) and hospitalization were obtained from the Tottori prefectural institute of public health. Results A total of 11 AD events occurred in 2011 in Tottori, while 2 such events occurred in 2012. The number of cases of HFMD hospitalization increased significantly after the increase in SPM (indicator of AD particle amount). However, we could not detect the enterovirus in the collected samples. Conclusions Although we were unable to detect the enterovirus, we have not enough samples for analysis at this study. Future studies need to employ better analysis methods and consider genetic features. Some researcher previously reported AD transport microorganism. We should consider with migrant bird and mechanism of transport virus with AD.
ANALISIS NILAI WASTE KERAMIK PADA PROYEK X

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Construction projects often produce values, in the construction field can be interpreted as a loss or a loss of material resources, time, and capital, which is caused by activities that cost money, directly or indirectly, but does not add value to end product for users of construction services. The values produced in the form of materials, quality, time, and costs. In this research, will be examined ceramic, where ceramics often have a significant effect and can influence project costs. Therefore, this research aims to optimize the value of ceramic on project x to optimize costs to reduce its value. The method that will be used in this research is the method of observation, interviews, and analysis of calculations through working drawings, calculations that will be carried out using 2 methods to determine the difference of values so that the value that is expected to be the optimum value for use. This optimization value is very important because the project location is outside Java, and the material supply is on the island of Java so that it can reduce material delivery costs which are quite expensive and can affect the project budget. Keywords: residual value; building project; level of residual value; residual value of ceramics Abstrak Proyek konstruksi serinng kali menghasilkan nilai waste, nilai waste yang di hasilkan dapat berupa waste material,mutu,waktu,hingga biaya. Namun pada penelitian ini nilai waste yang akan di teliti adalah waste keramik dimana keramik seringkali memberikan efek signifikan dan dapat mempengaruhi biaya proyek, oleh karena itu pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan nilai waste keramik pada proyek x agar dapat mengoptimalkan biaya pada proyek hingga berkurang nya nilai waste keramik yang mempunyai dampak negative pada lingkungan sekitar proyek.metode yang akan di gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pengamatan pada lapangan, wawancara,serta Analisis perhitungan melalui gambar kerja, perhitungan yang akan dilakukan dengan 2 metode yang berbeda untuk mengetahui perbandingan nilai waste sehingga didapatkan nilai yang diharapkan menjadi nilai optimum untuk penggunaan waste. Nilai optimasi ini sangat penting dilakukan dikarankan lokasi proyek yang berada diluar pulau jawa dan supply material berada dipulau jawa sehingga dapat mengurangi biaya pengiriman material yang cukup mahal dan dapat mempengaruhi anggaran proyek
The Left-tail Risk and the Cross-section of Stock Returns: Evidence from China

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

As a matter of fact, left-tail risk is a common risk in stock market. This study examines the linear correlation considering Value-at-Risk (VaR) and future stock returns within context of the Chinese main board stocks, particularly during periods marked by significant left-tail risk. Processing data from March 2014 to March 2024, this study concentrate to daily and monthly cross-section returns, along with other financial statistics. A suitable Fama-Macbeth regression using in this paper to exam the significance of left-tail risk. The key focus is to investigate the effect of VaR concerning future stock returns under downside market conditions, as indicated by the recent 23% drop in China’s benchmark CSI 300 index. The regression analysis indicates a significant negative correlation between VaR and future stock returns, suggesting that higher potential losses as indicated by VaR correspond with lower future returns. This outcome is contrary to traditional asset pricing theories which posit a positive risk-return relationship. The findings will attract attention of investors to consider extreme risk management of public stocks and contributes to the ongoing discussion on risk assessment in financial markets by highlighting the importance of integrating robust risk management tools like VaR in investment strategies, especially in volatile markets.
New Approach to Increasing Rice Lodging Resistance and Biomass Yield Through the Use of High Gibberellin Producing Varieties

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Traditional breeding for high-yielding rice has been dependent on the widespread use of fertilizers and the cultivation of gibberellin (GA)-deficient semi-dwarf varieties. The use of semi-dwarf plants facilitates high grain yield since these varieties possess high levels of lodging resistance, and thus could support the high grain weight. Although this approach has been successful in increasing grain yield, it is desirable to further improve grain production and also to breed for high biomass. In this study, we re-examined the effect of GA on rice lodging resistance and biomass yield using several GA-deficient mutants (e.g. having defects in the biosynthesis or perception of GA), and high-GA producing line or mutant. GA-deficient mutants displayed improved bending-type lodging resistance due to their short stature; however they showed reduced breaking-type lodging resistance and reduced total biomass. In plants producing high amounts of GA, the bending-type lodging resistance was inferior to the original cultivars. The breaking-type lodging resistance was improved due to increased lignin accumulation and/or larger culm diameters. Further, these lines had an increase in total biomass weight. These results show that the use of rice cultivars producing high levels of GA would be a novel approach to create higher lodging resistance and biomass.
After Abu Dhabi: Restoring Integrity and Accountability in Formula 1

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The 2021 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix ended the 2021 Formula One World Championship in a dramatic and controversial fashion. Mercedes’ Lewis Hamilton and Red Bull’s Max Verstappen went into the final round with an equal number of points scored for the World Drivers’ Championship. The race was decided in the final few laps after Williams’ Nicholas Latifi crashed into the barriers with five laps remaining. After the safety car was deployed, Verstappen pitted for a fresh set of soft tyres, while Hamilton stayed out to maintain track position. On the second-to-last lap, Race Director Michael Masi directed only the five lapped cars between Verstappen and Hamilton to unlap themselves, in direct contravention of established Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) rules. On the final lap, the green flag was deployed and the race resumed; Verstappen overtook Hamilton on his fresher tyres and maintained the lead, going on to win the Grand Prix and consequently the World Drivers’ Championship. Mercedes initially filed protests for breach of sporting regulations, but eventually withdrew them, citing a loss of faith in racing and that what happened in Abu Dhabi was "not right."
Organogallium compounds. V. The gallium-carbon-gallium bridge bond in trivinylgallium

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganogallium compounds. V. The gallium-carbon-gallium bridge bond in trivinylgalliumHarry D. Visser and John P. OliverCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 13, 3579–3581Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01015a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01015a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Esophagectomy in Locally Advanced Adenocarcinoma: Short-Term Postoperative Outcomes and Supplemental Report of Propensity Match Results: In Reply to Li and colleagues

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Journal of the American College of Surgeons ():10.1097/XCS.0000000000001110, May 03, 2024. | DOI: 10.1097/XCS.0000000000001110
Ribosomal RNA cleavage, nuclease activation and 2-5A (ppp(A2′p)nA) in interferon-treated cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in intact ribosomes is cleaved into discrete products on incubation of reticulocyte lysates or L-cell extracts with ppp(A2'p)3A. Cleavage of rRNA may, therefore, provide a useful assay for 2-5A (ppp)A2'p)nA; n = 2 to 4) or for the presence of a 2-5A-dependent nuclease. The results with reticulocyte lysates differed from those obtained in the L-cell-free system in that (a) a different RNA cleavage pattern was produced (with added L-cell ribosomes) and (b) cleavage was fully activated by the analogue ppp(A2'p)3A3'pCp. As might be expected from the relatively high levels of 2-5A present in interferon-treated, encephalomyocarditis virus (EMC)-infected L-cells, rRNA extracted from these cells was also cleaved. The cleavage pattern observed overlapped with that obtained on incubation of an L-cell-free system with 2-5A. Thus, not only is 2-5A present, but the 2-5A-dependent nuclease also appears to be active, in interferon-treated, EMC-infected L-cells.
Circadian Regulation of Bird Song, Call, and Locomotor Behavior by Pineal Melatonin in the Zebra Finch

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

As both a photoreceptor and pacemaker in the avian circadian clock system, the pineal gland is crucial for maintaining and synchronizing overt circadian rhythms in processes such as locomotor activity and body temperature through its circadian secretion of the pineal hormone melatonin. In addition to receptor presence in circadian and visual system structures, high-affinity melatonin binding and receptor mRNA are present in the song control system of male oscine passeriform birds. The present study explores the role of pineal melatonin in circadian organization of singing and calling behavior in comparison to locomotor activity under different lighting conditions. Similar to locomotor activity, both singing and calling behavior were regulated on a circadian basis by the central clock system through pineal melatonin, since these behaviors free-ran with a circadian period and since pinealectomy abolished them in constant environmental conditions. Further, rhythmic melatonin administration restored their rhythmicity. However, the rates by which these behaviors became arrhythmic and the rates of their entrainment to rhythmic melatonin administration differed among locomotor activity, singing and calling under constant dim light and constant bright light. Overall, the study demonstrates a role for pineal melatonin in regulating circadian oscillations of avian vocalizations in addition to locomotor activity. It is suggested that these behaviors might be controlled by separable circadian clockworks and that pineal melatonin entrains them all through a circadian clock.
Robust Shot Change Detection Models Using Spatial and Temporal Features

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract—In this paper, we propose various shot change detection models using spatial and temporal features. First, the short-term and long-term variations are discussed for the video shot change. Then, various robust shot change detection models are developed for detecting abrupt and gradual transitions. The residual image, frame difference and the motion compensation are employed in our short-term and long-term algorithms. Finally, Experimental results show that our models for shot change detection are robust compared to conventional algorithms. Key Words — shot change detection, short-term, long-term, abrupt and gradual transitions. 1.
Industrial 4.0 Revolution: Can it Positively Step intoa Sustainable Hospitality?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Technological advancements recently affected production, social and sustainable development. Few publications have addressed the industry 4.0 contribution to the sustainable hospitality industry. In this study, we review the ways and effectiveness of industry 4.0 in achieving sustainable development goals in the hospitality sector. Due to the modernity of the issue, resources used in this paper included articles from databases like SCOPUS, Sage, Elsevier, and google scholar using keywords such as big data analytics, simulation, Artificial intelligence, Industry 4.0 in hospitality, sustainable hotels, Industry 4.0 adaption in hospitality and smart hospitality system. This literature paper outline has five main sections—section one introduces industry 4.0. Section two is a literature review that includes Industry 4.0 connotation, sustainable development (SD), (SD) goals, challenges of (SD), and industry 4.0 solution for SD challenges. Industry 4.0 and sustainable hospitality. Section three is the methodology. The conclusion is the fourth section. JEL classification code: L83
Research on Support Vector Machines Method Modeling for Rice Potassium Nutrition Diagnosis

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A machine learning method was used to establish a diagnostic model of potassium nutrition for rice obtained from image processing techniques.In this study, super hybrid rice "Liangyoupeijiu" was used as experimental object to set up four kinds of rice cultivation experiments at different potassium fertilization levels, the image data of a total of 1920 groups of the 1st leaves and the 2nd leaves, the 3rd leaves, and their corresponding sheaths were obtained by scanning with a scanner.Nineteen rice characteristic indexes were obtained.Support vector machine was used to establish the diagnostic model of potassium nutrition in nineteen rice characteristic indexes, and to diagnose and identify the potassium nutrition in rice.The experimental results show that the identification method based on image processing and SVM is suitable for the diagnosis of potassium nutrition of the 3rd leaves in rice young panicle differentiation stage with an accuracy of 89%, which provides a reliable and universal method for studying the recognition of potassium nutrition in rice and can meet the needs of agronomic research.
Possible environmental hazards of gas cooking

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ETFs attract investors who are driven by their personal values in investing, but also by investors who believe that ESG investing will produce a favorable return–risk tradeoff. This article looks at the risk and return characteristics of ESG ETFs since their inception (February 2005) through July 2019 and compares them with investable proxies for US (Russell 3000 ETF—IWV) and global (SPDR® Global Dow ETF—DGT) equity markets. Using absolute and risk-adjusted performance measures, the author finds that equal- and value-weighted ESG portfolios outperformed the IWV and DGT in some periods and underperformed in others. However, during the entire period, IWV and DGT outperformed ESG portfolios and had higher absolute- and risk-adjusted performance. TOPICS:Exchange-traded funds and applications, ESG investing Key Findings • Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ETFs attract investors who are driven by their personal values in investing, but also by investors who believe that ESG investing will produce a favorable return–risk tradeoff. • This article looks at the risk and return characteristics of ESG ETFs since their inception (February 2005) through July 2019 and compares them with the US (Russell 3000 ETF—IWV) and global (SPDR® Global Dow ETF—DGT) equity markets. • The period of study is divided into two bull markets (February 2005 to September 2007 and April 2009 to July 2019) and one bear market (October 2007 to March 2009). ESG portfolios outperformed IWV and DGT in some periods and underperformed in others. However, during the entire period, both IWV and DGT outperformed ESG portfolios, with higher absolute- and risk-adjusted performance. • Results indicate that investors can definitely allocate a portion of their portfolios toward their desired ESG investment as it would help them diversify and lower risk.
Neural correlates of masked priming: only morphologically derived words facilitate lexical decisions

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The visual processing of morphologically complex words has been studied for decades now. One influential account proposes initial sublexical parsing, based on surface structure, before semantic information comes in (form-first models; Rastle & Davis, 2008, Morphological decomposition based on the analysis of orthography. Language and Cognitive Processes, 23(7-8), 942–971. https://doi.org/10.1080/01690960802069730). We tested this account in German, a morphologically rich language in a masked-priming lexical decision study with (pseudo-)derived German words. Behavioural data showed masked priming for truly morphologically complex (e.g. farmer – FARM), but not for pseudo-complex (e.g. corner – CORN) or merely form-related primes (e.g. cartel – CAR). MEG data revealed an early sensitivity to form (140–330 ms), followed by a differentiation between derived and other primes (260–480 ms), challenging the notion of early blind decomposition. The results align with the AUSTRAL model (Taft, 2023, Localist lexical representation of polymorphemic words. In D. Crepaldi (Ed.), Linguistic morphology in the mind and brain (1st ed., pp. 152–166). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003159759-11) and suggest that German speakers have heightened sensitivity to morpho-semantic information, unlike English speakers, which likely due to differences in morphological complexity between languages.
Historical continuity as a determinant of habitat suitability for rare zooplankton in ephemeral wetlands developed on arable land

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Most wetlands in the floodplains of lowland rivers have been lost to agriculture, while those that remain are often inhabited by dense populations of planktivorous fish that exclude large-bodied zooplankton species. Spontaneously occurring ephemeral wetlands on arable land are one of the last fish-free aquatic habitats that have the potential to serve as refugia for regionally rare zooplankton species. We repeatedly sampled zooplankton communities (Cladocera and Copepoda, including benthic species) in 48 ephemeral wetlands on arable land in a predominantly agricultural landscape (South Moravia) during different flood events. We observed a high variability in community composition between different flood events, indicating a higher diversity of dormant than active stages. While the communities consist of generalists, we also recorded species specialized to temporary pools, including regionally rare species (e.g. Daphnia atkinsoni species complex, Wlassicsia pannonica , Hemidiaptomus amblyodon ). Importantly, the number of species and the occurrence of rare zooplankton species increased significantly in wetlands with historical continuity. Our results suggest that ephemeral pools on arable land may serve as surrogate refugia for rare zooplankton species. Measures should be taken to avoid their destruction, prioritizing pools that were wetlands in the past, as they harbour a high diversity of zooplankton, including rare species.
Figure 5 from Preclinical Evaluation of ON203, A Novel Bioengineered mAb Targeting Oxidized Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor as an Anticancer Therapeutic

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>ON203 is efficacious in a prophylactic prostate cancer xenograft model. <b>A,</b> Schematic presentation of the prophylactic prostate cancer xenograft model created with <a href="http://www.biorender.com" target="_blank">www.biorender.com</a>. <b>B,</b> Tumor volume of subcutaneous PC3 tumor-bearing mice treated 15 times every other day intraperitoneally with vehicle, 20 mg/kg isotype IgG control antibody, 20 mg/kg C0008, 5 mg/kg ON203, or 20 mg/kg ON203 followed for 42 days after randomization (<i>n</i> = 9/treatment group). Median tumor volumes with interquartile ranges are shown. Levels of significance were calculated for all groups by ANOVA with Dunnett multiple comparisons test on log-transformed data; ON203 20 mg/kg versus vehicle + isotype IgG 20 mg/kg (black stars), ON203 20 mg/kg versus C0008 20 mg/kg (gray star) *, <i>P</i> < 0.05; **, <i>P</i> < 0.01. <b>C,</b> Relative change in animal body weight (%) from day 0 (<i>n</i> = 9/treatment group, mean ± SEM). <b>D,</b> Representative immunostaining images of 20 mg/kg isotype IgG-, C0008-, or ON203-treated PC3 tumors; scale bar, 100 μm (CD31 and H&E) or 40 μm (Ki67). Top: CD31 immunostaining (red arrows highlight intravascular tumor cells, and black arrows mark CD31-positive blood vessels); middle: H&E; bottom: Ki67 immunostaining. <b>E,</b> Vessel density in non-necrotic areas quantified on CD31-stained IHC slides from 20 mg/kg isotype IgG control-, C0008-, or ON203-treated tumors (<i>n</i> = 3/treatment group, mean ± SEM). <b>F,</b> Percentage of Ki67-positive cells quantified on Ki67-positive stained IHC slides from 20 mg/kg isotype IgG control-, C0008-, or ON203-treated tumors (<i>n</i> = 3/treatment group, mean ± SEM). Levels of significance were calculated by one-sided Student <i>t</i> test, *, <i>P</i> <0.05. i.p., intraperitoneal; SEM, standard error of mean.</p>