jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Mechanism Solution of Nepal-Bihar Eartbquake of August 20, 1988

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper presents the focal mechanism solution of the Nepal Bihar earthquake of August 20, 1988. Use was made of the first motions of P waves and polarization (or first motions) of S waves. The mechanism solution is characterized by a predominent component of strike-slip faulting. The deduced orientation of the axis of compression is nearly north south. This orientation of the axis of compression is in agreement with the axis of compression deduced from the mechanism studies for Himalayan earthquakes.
Numerical analysis of nonequilibrium two-phase flow in a mixing gasdynamic laser

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A procedure for numerical simulation of the steady, two-phase vibrationally unequilibrated flow in a mixing gasdynamic laser working on a mixture of CO2-N2-H2O-O2 and Al2O3 particles (generated by combustion of aluminum in air) is described. The one-dimensional approximation is used. One assumes instantaneous mixing of the components in a specific nozzle cross section. The effect of size and relative flowrate of particles on the output parameters of the laser is described. It is concluded that a correction for the presence of two phases in the flow must be made in calculating the output parameters of this laser. 15 references.
Shock Capturing Shallow Water Model for Long Waves Generated by a Moving Atmospheric Pressure

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Choi, Y.-K. and Seo, S.-N., 2017. Shock capturing shallow water model for long waves generated by a moving atmospheric pressure. In: Lee, J.L.; Griffiths, T.; Lotan, A.; Suh, K.-S., and Lee, J. (eds.), The 2nd International Water Safety Symposium. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 79, pp. 354–358. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The shock capturing numerical model based on nonlinear shallow water equations is developed to predict run-up as well as edge waves generated by a moving atmospheric pressure disturbance across a straight shoreline on a sloping beach. The HLL approximate Riemann solver with the fifth order accurate WENO scheme is used to compute numerical flux in spatial discretization, which yields better results in comparison with TVD-MUSCL type schemes. Numerical experiments are conducted for wave propagation by a moving atmospheric pressure disturbance normally approaching the coastline. When the atmospheric pressure disturbance suddenly acts on the water surface, both free and forced waves are generated and amplified due to shoaling and Proudman resonance. The maximum run-up is presented using different moving speeds for an atmospheric pressure. While wave run-up and run-down are repeated at the shoreline, edge waves are generated and propagate in the alongshore direction due to wave refraction.
Teach Louisiana Consortium: A Fifth Year Program Evaluation.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article describes a fifth year program evaluation of a private provider program for teacher certification in Louisiana. The study sought to evaluate the success of the Teach Louisiana Consortium program in terms of teacher placement, teacher retention, administrative satisfaction, teacher attitudes, and teacher pedagogical knowledge. Initial teacher provided data, state provided data, teacher survey data, and administrator survey data were used in the study. Overall, it was found that the program was positively perceived by both teachers and administrators and it was successful in terms of teacher retention. Areas that need to be addressed as the program develops include diversity, assessment, classroom management, and attrition of teachers from high-need areas.
Determination of the contents of cefradine in human plasma by HPLC method and studies on its pharmacokinetics

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: To study the pharmacokinetics of cefradine capsules and establish a HPLC method for determining the contents of the cefradine in human plasma.Methods: The randomized,crossed-over study was carried out in 18 healthy(volunteers.) After a single dose of cefradine(500 mg),the plasma drug levels were determined by HPLC method.The column was Hypersil ODS(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) and acetonitrile-water-glacial acetic acid-triethylamine(10∶(90∶)0.14∶0.16) was the mobile phase.The detection wavelength was 262 nm.The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.Results: The main pharmacokinetic parameters of test cefradine and reference cefradine were as follows: t_(max)=(1.03±0.12) h and(1.03±0.12) h,c_(max)=((14.26±)2.11) μg/mL and(14.13±2.11) μg/mL,t_(1/2β)=(1.13±0.12) h and(1.11±0.12) h,AUC_(0~∞)=(23.41±(3.35) μg·)h·mL~(-1) and (23.14±2.92) μg·h·mL~(-1).Conclusion:The results show that the two formulations are(bioequivalent.)
Clinical outcome of treatment of fractures of lower third shaft humerus by Enders nails in adult age group

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Fractures of the lower third of humerus are common. Although plate fixation has its undebatable place in operative treatment of these fractures, most acute fractures can be dealt with using less invasive Ender nailing. This study was performed to assess the overall outcome and complications of Ender nailing in fractures of lower third shaft humerus. Materials and Methods: It is a prospective study of 20 cases of fracture of lower third humerus admitted to NHL Medical College and VS General Hospital between October 2017 and September 2019 treated with close reduction and internal fixation with Enders nail. Functional outcome was evaluated using DASH scoring system and radiological outcome was evaluated by serial radiographs. Results: In 65% of the patients, DASH score was within normal range and in 15% of the patients the disability was mild to moderate as scoring was slightly higher than normal and in 20% the disability was severe as the DASH score could not be calculated because of non union. Conclusion: Enders nail fixation require very minimal soft tissue dissection and being a close reduction, the biology of the fracture is also not disturbed and the chances of nerve injury are much less, In this series, Ender nailing gave overall satisfactory results and appeared as a safe and efficient technique.
The stability of the four-α-helix bundle motif in proteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Journal Article The stability of the four-α-helix bundle motif in proteins Get access C.D. Paliakasis, C.D. Paliakasis University of Crete, Department of Biology and Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, (IMBB)PO Box 1527, GR-711 10 Iraklion/Crete, Greece, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Kokkinidis M. Kokkinidis University of Crete, Department of Biology and Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, (IMBB)PO Box 1527, GR-711 10 Iraklion/Crete, Greece, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Protein Engineering, Design and Selection, Volume 4, Issue 7, October 1991, Page 849, https://doi.org/10.1093/protein/4.7.849 Published: 01 October 1991
The main signs of ageing in people with intellectual disability

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: Investigations around ageing with an intellectual disability have increased substantially in the past three decades. A research gap continued to exist regarding the detection of ageing issues in this cohort of people, particularly in rural areas where access to specialist support continued to be limited. The purpose of this study was to identify the main signs of ageing in rural people with intellectual disabilities. Design: A multi-round Delphi design was used to examine what signs of ageing were observed by disability support staff, who assisted people with intellectual disability. Setting: The project was conducted across nine of the ten rural regions (as defined by the government funding body) in New South Wales (NSW). Participants: There were 31 participants representing 14 non-government organisations. The group was composed of 26 women and 5 men, with a mean age of 47 years, who averaged 10-year experience with people with intellectual disabilities. Main Outcome Measures: The objective was to gain the direct input of rurally based disability workers to identify the main signs of ageing in people with intellectual disabilities. Results: Thirty-two specific signs of ageing, including emerging mental health issues, grief, loss of identity and aggression, were identified. A thematic analysis indicated two main categories: mental/emotional functioning and physical functioning. Conclusions: When carers have the information and skills needed to identify the main signs of ageing, they can more accurately recognise and address potential problems in a timely manner. Such understandings have the potential to reduce premature admissions to residential aged-care.
[Reactions of the neurons of the parietal association cortex in the cat that send axons into the pyramidal tract to peripheral stimuli].

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Experiments were performed on cats anaesthetized with nembutal and immobilized with myorelaxin. Excitatory responses to somatic, light and auditory stimulation were recorded in 73.8, 57.7 and 65.4% of pyramidal tract (PT) neurons, respectively, whereas inhibitory responses--in 26.2, 42.3 and 34.6% of PT neurons. Among 64 PT neurons studied, trisensory cells accounted for 64.0%, bisensory--for 26.6%, monosensory--for 9.4%. The broad convergence of different-modality signals on PT neurons favoured their integration.
Illinois coal/RDF coprocessing to produce high quality solids and liquids; [Quarterly] technical report, September 1--November 30, 1993

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

It is the aim of this study to provide information pertinent to the development of a coal/RDF pyrolysis process capable of economically creating valuable products from high sulfur Illinois coal. This project will be carried out in a systematic manner. First, samples will be properly selected prepared, preserved and characterized. Then coals, various plastics, cellulose, and a high quality RDF will be pyrolyzed, steam pyrolyzed, hydro-pyrolyzed, and liquefied at various conditions. Next, blends of coal with various RDF components will be reacted under the same conditions. From this work synergistic effects will be identified and process parametric studies will be conducted on the appropriate mixtures and single components. Product quality and mass balances will be obtained on systems showing promise. Preliminary pyrolysis work will be conducted on a TGA. A Perkin Elmer TGA-7 Thermogravimetric Analyzer was employed to study pyrolysis. Significant interactions have been observed. Very preliminary microreactor experiments have been performed and the acquisition of some products for analysis has been achieved. Although, these results are preliminary they are also very encouraging.
Theta Burst Stimulation Enhances Connectivity of the Dorsal Attention Network in Young Healthy Subjects: An Exploratory Study

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

We examined effects of theta burst stimulation (TBS) applied over two distinct cortical areas (the right inferior frontal gyrus and the left superior parietal lobule) on the Stroop task performance in 20 young healthy subjects. Neural underpinnings of the behavioral effect were tested using fMRI. A single session of intermittent TBS of the left superior parietal lobule induced certain cognitive speed enhancement and significantly increased resting-state connectivity of the dorsal attention network. This is an exploratory study that prompts further research with multiple-session TBS in subjects with cognitive impairment.
GeS conducting-bridge resistive memory device with IGZO buffer layer for highly uniform and repeatable switching

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A double stacked monochalcogenide GeS-based conducting-bridge random access memory (CBRAM) device with a IGZO buffer layer is investigated for highly improved resistive memory characteristics. The IGZO/GeS double layer is found to provide the CBRAM with a markedly improved sub-1V DC set/reset-voltage distributions (&lt;±0.1 V variation). High endurance (&gt;107 cycles) and retention (&gt;105 s at 85 °C) performance are also achieved. The metal ion diffusion and migration rates in the solid electrolytes along with the redox reaction rates at the electrodes determine the respective resistive switching (RS) mechanism in the CBRAM device. Considering this fact, it is proposed that Ag diffusion into IGZO creates a virtual electrode, when coupled with strong ionic transport in GeS, consistently mediate the formation/dissolution of Ag filament there, thus reducing switching variation. Understanding the RS mechanism based on the materials' physical and chemical properties and tailoring the device structure allow an optimal control over cycle to cycle and device to device variability. The findings show that this material combination or similar oxide/chalcogenide stacks may offer a facile means for mitigating CBRAM variability.
Late Onset Central Hypoventilation Syndrome due to a Heterozygous Polyalanine Repeat Expansion Mutation in the PHOX2B Gene

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This report describes a 6 year old girl with late onset central hypoventilation syndrome due to a heterozygous polyalanine repeat expansion mutation in the PHOX2B gene. This report aims to increase the awareness of this condition among physicians to allow earlier clinical and genetic diagnosis and management of cases of unexplained hypoventilation.
THE MENISCUS: BASIC SCIENCE TO IMPROVE KNOWLEDGE FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This thesis was thought with the intent to try to fill some lacunae in the knowledge of the anatomic-dependent features of the meniscus. In particular, the study of the effects of endogenous and exogenous factors upon the development of this structure will be outlined. Endogenous factors have been considered those factors that cannot be attributed to external or experimental factors: the effect of age and growth has been investigated focusing on the variation of the, matrix components (collagen types, GAGs and decorin), cellular phenotypic modifications and meniscal morpho-functional structure, with additional focus on possible differences presented in different animal models. On the other hand, exogenous factors have been considered those factors that are in any way attributable to the external interventions operated by the experimenter or by the application of forces upon meniscus. As exogenous factors, the effects of physiologic (compression and traction to which meniscus is naturally subjected) and non-physiologic (continuous compression without flexion) forces applied to meniscus during growth were evaluated. Furthermore, the effect of hypoxia in meniscal tissue-culture was also evaluated in a neonatal committed cell population in order to assess a faster maturation of the tissue. The importance of these investigations is linked to the possible application of these notions in the field of tissue engineering of the meniscus and may improve the current knowledge on the morpho-functional effect that external factors exercise on its structure.
Chemoselective Synthesis of Structurally Diverse 3,4-Dihydroquinazoline-2(1H)-thiones and 4H-Benzo[d][1,3]thiazines

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An efficient, mild, and substrate/catalyst-controlled chemoselective reaction of o-isothiocyanato-(E)-cinnamaldehyde with amines has been established, producing three types of six-membered heterocycles: 2-(4H-benzo[d][1,3]thiazin-4-yl)acetaldehydes, 2-(2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-yl)acetaldehydes, and (E)-4-(2-methoxyvinyl)-4H-benzo[d][1,3]thiazines. The reaction scopes were quite broad and excellent yield was achieved. This method is extremely efficient and practical and can be conducted on a gram-scale with slightly inferior reactivity under catalyst-free conditions at low cost, making it an ideal alternative to existing methods.
National Priorities for Dementia Care: Perspectives of Individuals Living with Dementia and Their Care Partners

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The current article reports the consensus recommendations from individuals living with dementia and their care partners on priorities for public policy and research funding, which were found using a nationwide, Delphi study. A modified snowball sample was used. Listservs, personal contacts, and advocacy groups were asked to distribute the survey. Paper versions were provided upon request. In Rounds 1 and 2 of the study, 388 and 301 responses, respectively, were received. Borda counts produced a ranked order consensus of priorities. Research ranked third, after the need for caregiver support and resources for the provision of long-term care. Education and training in person-centered practices for all care partners was also a high priority. Responses indicated that research funding should be expanded beyond its current emphasis on cure. Policymakers should reconsider the current priorities of the National Alzheimer’s Project Act to better address the long-term needs of individuals living with dementia and their care partners. [ Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 41 (8), 9–16.]
Pandemic decrease of in-person physiotherapy as a factor in parent perceived decline in function in children with neuromuscular disorders

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

PURPOSE: Restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic can negatively affect patients who require physiotherapy. This study aimed to analyze the consequences of limited physiotherapy on the functional state of children with neuromuscular diseases (NMD). In addition, the caregivers’ well-being and caregiver opinions on physiotherapy were analyzed. METHODS: A questionnaire was shared with parents of children with NMD immediately after the COVID-19 lockdown. The survey included questions regarding the physical and mental condition of children and parents before the pandemic and during lockdown as well as their views on physiotherapy and telephysiotherapy. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed Ranks test, Spearman’s Rank Correlation test, McNemar test, and Chi-square test. RESULTS: Parents of 235 children participated in the study. Results indicated that children devoted more time to physiotherapy before the pandemic than during the lockdown period, which was true for those living in cities and the countryside. The functional state of 50.2% of the children deteriorated during the lockdown, in the opinion of their parents. Significant correlations were found between limited physiotherapy time and the deterioration of children’s functional condition, ability to maintain a standing position, and increased anxiety. The majority of parents reported increased levels of fear and anxiety (72.8%), fatigue (67.7%), and pain (53.2%). In-person physiotherapy was rated significantly higher than telephysiotherapy by parents. CONCLUSIONS: Limited access to physiotherapy and shorter therapy times may lead to functional deterioration in children with NMD, but this assumption needs to be objectively confirmed. According to the parents’ opinions, telephysiotherapy is less beneficial than direct physiotherapy but may support therapy conducted directly by a physiotherapist. Results based on subjective parental opinions may be helpful in planning future projects.
Functional significance of TRIM35 In haematopoietic and hepatic homeostasis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The tumour suppressor, TRIM35, is an E3 ubiquitin ligase initially Identified for Its role in regulating haemopoietic cells but
also implicated in Inflammation and metabolism and recently identified as a key biomarker for liver cancer. Data presented In
this thesis show that TRIM35 can regulate several components of the TGFbsignaling pathway, important In cell growth and
proliferation and often deregulated in cancer. A TRIM35 knockout mouse model demonstrated that TRIM35 is important In
maintaining homeostasis within the haemopoielic stem cell compartment and, In the context of oncogenesis, deleting TRIM35
influenced obesity, Inflammation and liver fibrosis, key precursors to liver cancer.
Time Series Models: Development Trends of Foodstuffs Consumption in CR Considering Healthy Eating

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The agrarian sector can be understood in several ways, according to the integration of the agrarian sector into national economic structures. Understanding the agrarian sector in its complex relation to the sectors that represent the final consumption of already processed agricultural products - food (not agricultural raw materials) represents agribusiness. Among other issues, food consumption is affected by the newest nutrition trends and opinions on healthy eating and food safety. The paper´s aim is an indication of development tendencies in the consumption of some selected food types and subsequent construction of a short-term forecast, considering food quality and healthy eating. Some of the prognostic procedures based on time series extrapolation have been applied in this paper. Time series analysis is therefore the starting basis for assessment of the selected foodstuffs consumption developmental tendencies and a subsequent short-term forecasts construction.The results demonstrate unambiguously that, the time series analysis methods can be applied with success in finding development tendencies of the food consumption indicators studied. Application of the adaptive models in particular, can bring good quality outcomes in this field. Anyway, it is not possible to reach an unambiguous conclusion concerning the assessment whether the consumption of some selected food types is in line with nutritional recommendations. In some cases it is, in some it is not.
Radiological visualization of ethyl palmitate induced splenic atrophy.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ethyl palmitate was injected intravenously over a period of several weeks to a group of thorium dioxide loaded rats. Radiographical studies demonstrated progressive splenic atrophy to 10% or less of the pre-injection spleen size. Histological studies confirmed the presence of severe necrosis with total destruction of the normal splenic architecture.
Observation of amyloplast development in chestnut seed by scanning electron microscope

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In order to get the growth law of the Chinese chestnut seed amyloid,the chestnut seeds at different development stages were used as the experiment materials. The size,shape and development condition of amyloid features were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results show that the aleurone layer cells have no amyloid and accumulation of starch. The amyloid mainly concentrates in the cotyledons. The chestnut seeds contain two kinds of amyliod: the large are pebble and the small are round. The large amyloid is the main kind,and its spatial arrangement is close. In addition,the amyliod has other forms in chestnut seeds,such as polyhedral,spherical,kidney,and complex form. The volume of large amyloid changes obviously in the prophase and metaphase stages in chestnut seeds. The small amyloplast proliferation mainly occurres in middle and late stages of seed growth,and distributes in clearance of large amyloid. As the chestnut seed develops,the volume of amyloid gradually increases,and the growth change of long axis and short axis shows Stype in the growing curves.