jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The People's Palaces: Public Libraries in the Information Society

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Public libraries, together with public broadcasting, are the only publicly funded cultural institutions with a broad social reach which includes groups of lower socioeconomic status and immigrants. Despite this crucial role they play, public libraries seem to have reached a turning point in the first decades of the twenty-first century. While they have a potential role as treasure troves of knowledge and guidance in a world of information overkill, ‘alternative facts’ and dwindling reading motivation among school-aged children, their societal relevance has been challenged, while cutbacks have affected the physical presence and professional staffing of public libraries over the last five years. However, a new public library law tightening the connections between the public library sector and the national library in the Netherlands may provide new impulses. This chapter tracks the developments in Dutch public library policy and the practices implemented by libraries to reposition themselves in the information age and ‘data economy’. It concludes by exploring how the public role of libraries can be made visible by developing new ways to measure the societal value of these people's palaces.
TESTS FOR SEASONAL DIFFERENCING WITH AN UNKNOWN BREAK‐POINT

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Summary Some Lagrange multiplier tests for seasonal differencing are proposed; their main objective is to avoid over‐differencing due to structural change. The null hypothesis is either the presence of both regular and seasonal unit roots or the presence of a seasonal unit root. Alternative hypotheses allow for stationarity around a possible structural change where the break‐point is unknown. The location of the structural change is estimated using the proposed procedures, the asymptotic distribution of the test statistics under the null hypothesis is derived and some useful percentiles are tabulated. An illustrative example based on the Canadian Consumer Price Index is presented.
Minimally Invasive Surgical Options for Congenital and Acquired Uterine Factors Associated with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as two or more failed clinical pregnancies before 20 weeks' gestation and may be caused by genetic, endocrinologic, anatomic and immunologic abnormalities. Anatomic uterine anomalies include congenital malformations (bicornuate, didelphic, septate and unicornuate uteri) and acquired defects (fibroids, adenomas, adhesions and polyps). Women with septate and bicornuate uteri, intrauterine adhesions, and some adenomas and fibroids are at increased risk of RPL. Data support surgical treatment of all of these lesions except bicornuate uteri. The role of polyps in RPL is unclear. Minimally invasive options for surgical correction of intrauterine lesions include hysteroscopy, laparoscopy with and without robotic assistance and minilaparotomy.
A CASE OF UNDIFFERENTIATED CARCINOMA OF THE SMALL INTESTINE PRESENTING AS FEVER OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

症例は84歳の男性で, 不明熱として発症して約2カ月後に消化管穿孔による腹膜炎のため緊急開腹手術となった. 小腸未分化癌の壊死穿孔による腹膜炎で, 広範囲にリンパ節転移を認めた. 術後25日で退院したが, 術後39日目に発熱を伴う癌性腹膜炎の状態で再入院し, 術後45日目に死亡した. 小腸未分化癌は病理組織学的にも診断は困難であり, 悪性リンパ腫やgastrointestinal stromal tumor, 平滑筋肉種などの間葉系腫瘍と鑑別する必要がある. 今回の症例は免疫染色によりCK-CAM5.2, vimentinが陽性であったことから未分化癌と診断しえた. 小腸未分化癌は症状が多彩で早期診断が困難と思われる. 本症例の経過からも不明熱は初期症状の一つとして念頭におく必要があると思われた.
Models and approaches in design and diagnostics of vehicles planetary transmissions

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents author's models and method for vehicle planetary transmission, which cover the stages of synthesis, kinematic, quasi-static and dynamic computations, dependability prediction and diagnostics of transmissions in operation process. The obtained data of the synthesis stage (block and kinematic diagrams, gear ratios of transmission mechanisms) are expanded at subsequent design stages with the ultimate goal of forming a complete information model (digital twin), allowing to support transmission design process and predict the behaviour of the transmission in operation. The emphasis is made on the developed original methods solving the most science intensive problems in the transmission life cycle.
Development of an Ontology to Improve Supply Chain Management (SCM) in the Australian Timber Industry

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This chapter proposes an ontology using Web ontology language (OWL) for the Australian timber sector that can be used in conjunction with Semantic Web services to provide effective and cheap business-to-business (B2B) communications. From the perspective of the timber industry sector, this study is important because supply chain efficiency is a key component in an organisation's strategy to gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace. Strong improvement in supply chain performance is possible with improved B2B communication, which is used both for building trust and providing real-time marketing data. Traditional methods such as electronic data interchange (EDI), which are used to facilitate B2B communication, have a number of disadvantages such as high implementation and running costs and a rigid and inflexible messaging standard. Information and communications technologies (ICT) have supported the emergence of Web-based EDI which maintains the advantages of the traditional paradigm while negating the disadvantages. This has been further extended by the advent of the Semantic Web which rests on the fundamental idea that Web resources should be annotated with semantic markup that captures information about their meaning and facilitates meaningful machine-to-machine communication.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
Expression levels of apoptotic factors in a rat model of corticosteroid-induced femoral head necrosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To study the expression levels of apoptotic factors in corticosteroid-mediated femoral head necrosis (FHN) in rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 60) bred adaptively for one week were randomly assigned to control and model groups (30 rats/group). A rat model of corticosteroid-induced femoral head necrosis was established. Then, 3 mL of blood drawn from the inferior vena cava of each rat was used for the assay of the expression levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and osteoclast differentiation factor (RANKL) in each group using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The caspase-3- and Bcl-2-+ve cells in each group were determined with immunohistochemical method. Results: Relative to control, serum OPG level of model group was significantly decreased, while the RANKL level was markedly raised (p < 0.05). The degree of empty lacunae in the model rats was markedly increased, relative to control. Caspase-3-+ve cells were more numerous in the model group than in control, while Bcl-2-positive cells were markedly decreased compared to control (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Apoptosis occurs in the rat model of femoral head necrosis. Glucocorticoids may regulate the apoptotic process by upregulating caspase-3 and inhibiting Bcl-2. This provides a novel lead for FHN therapy. Keywords: Femoral head necrosis, Corticosteroid, Glucocorticoid, Apoptosis
Comparing Body Composition Changes Between Skinfold and Air Plethysmography in Division II Men’s Basketball Players

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Body composition can be used as an indicator of health in the general population and athletes alike. Men’s college basketball players are encouraged to make healthy (body composition, aerobic and anaerobic markers, etc.) changes between Post-season and Pre-season, often overseen with a strength and conditioning staff intervention. The ability to measure percent fat, and track those changes during an athlete’s career, including the off-season, is a vital measurement for strength and conditioning coaches. PURPOSE: To compare changes in body density (BD), body fat percentage (BF%) and fat-free mass (FFM) obtained from skinfolds (SKF) using calipers and BodPod values in men’s basketball players from Post-season to Pre-season during an off-season college-level strength and conditioning intervention. METHODS: Certified Strength and Conditioning (CSCS) staff supervised the off-season (April to October) training intervention. SKF were performed by a single, experienced technician on 7 Division II men’s basketball players (21.0 ± 0.6 yrs, 1.91 ± 0.11 m, 94.9 ± 17.2 kg) following ACSM Guidelines. BD via SKF was calculated via Jackson-Pollock seven-site formula. For SKF, the BD to BF% conversion utilized either BF% = (4.86/Db) - 4.39 or BF% = (4.95/Db) - 4.50, based on age, sex, and ethnicity. BodPod was performed in accordance with manufacturer’s directions. A dependent, t-test was used to determine differences in BD, BF%, and FFM obtained from SKF and BodPod. RESULTS: Changes in BD did not differ between the two groups (SKF 0.002 ± 0.002 kg/L, BodPod 0.004 ± 0.007 kg/L). The change in BF% did not differ significantly between skinfold and BodPod (SKF 1.2 ± 1.2%, BodPod 2.4 ± 2.2%). Changes in FFM did not differ significantly between the two assessment methods (SKF 1.1 ± 0.9 kg, BodPod 1.4 ± 0.6 kg). Body weight did not change significantly in the off-season (April 94.9 ± 17.1 kg, Oct 94.2 ± 14.5 kg). CONCLUSION: The changes in body composition were accounted for equally by SKF and BodPod. While SKF and BodPod values may vary in the actual measurement of BD, BF% and FFM, the absolute change in BD, BF%, and FFM from Post-season to Pre-season was assessed equally by both modes of testing. Regardless of the body composition assessment tool, its variation can be presumed accurate as long as the same mode of testing was used at both time points.
Video retrieval using speech and image information

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Video contains multiple types of audio and visual information, which are difficult to extract, combine or trade-off in general video information retrieval. This paper provides an evaluation on the effects of different types of information used for video retrieval from a video collection. A number of different sources of information are present in most typical broadcast video collections and can be exploited for information retrieval. We will discuss the contributions of automatically recognized speech transcripts, image similarity matching, face detection and video OCR in the contexts of experiments performed as part of 2001 TREC Video Retrieval Track evaluation performed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. For the queries used in this evaluation, image matching and video OCR proved to be the deciding aspects of video information retrieval.
Isolation and mRNA Expression of Metallothionein Isoforms from Rockbream Oplegnathus fasciatus

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Genetic determinants of two metallothionein isoforms (MT-A and MT-B) were isolated and characterized from the perciform species, rockbream (Oplegnathus fasciatus). Rockbream MT-A and MT-B shared a high degree of homology at amino acid levels with representative orthologs from other perciform species, especially with respect to the conserved cysteine residues. At the genomic level, both MT-A and MT-B genes represent a tripartite structure typical of vertebrate MT genes. However, rockbream MT-B showed unusually large introns (1.2 kb and 0.8 kb for intron I and II, respectively), a phenomenon that has rarely been seen in other vertebrate MT genes. MT-A and MT-B transcripts were ubiquitously detected in a wide array of tissues, wherein brain and eye showed the highest basal expression levels, and the fin exhibited the lowest expression of both isoforms. The basal expression of MT-A in most tissues was significantly higher (ranging from 4- to 10-fold) than that of MT-B. Upon heavy metal exposures to Cd, Cu or Zn at 25 ppb for 48 h, MT-A and MT-B transcripts in the liver were significantly activated by Cd and moderately by Zn. On the other hand, exposure to Cu did not result in alterations of MT-A, nor in the significant suppression of MT-B. Following bacterial challenges with Escherichia coli, Edwardsiella tarda or Streptococcus iniae, MT isoforms in the liver, kidney and spleen were highly modulated and exhibited a pattern that was dependent on the bacterial species, tissues and isoforms. These results suggest that the two MT isoforms could be taken into account as potential indicators of metal toxicity and immune perturbations of this aquaculture-relevant species.
Umbra-like viruses contain 3′ RNA structures similar to umbraviruses.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p><b>(A)</b> Genome organization of umbraviruses, Group 1 umbra-like viruses (ULVs), and Group 2/Class 2 ULV CY1. <b>(B)</b> Secondary structure and tertiary interactions either known or predicted to occur at the 3′ terminus of ULVs and umbraviruses. Tertiary interactions are color coded. Conserved residues are in red. PEMV2, umbravirus pea enation mosaic virus; ArULV, arborvitae umbra-like virus (OQ102001); AgULV, Ageratum virus 1 (OP660856); CY1, Citrus yellow vein associated virus 1 (JX101610).</p> <p>(PDF)</p>
Hypodontia in children with various types of clefts.

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

The prevalence of hypodontia in children with clefts, both inside and outside the cleft region, and the possible association between the side of the cleft and the side of the missing teeth were studied using radiographs of 278 patients with cleft lip, cleft palate, or both (158 boys and 120 girls), age 5 to 18 years (mean age 10.4 years). A hypodontia prevalence of 77% (excluding third molars) was found for the total cleft sample. This was significantly higher, both statistically and clinically, than the incidence of hypodontia reported for noncleft populations, and considerably higher than the prevalence reported in other studies of children with clefts. The maxillary permanent lateral incisors were the teeth most frequently missing on the cleft side (259 teeth) followed by the maxillary (47 teeth) and mandibular (23 teeth) second premolars, in both boys and girls. The teeth that were most often missing on the noncleft side were the maxillary second premolars (12 teeth), followed by the maxillary lateral incisors (10 teeth) and mandibular second premolars (6 teeth). Hypodontia of both the maxillary lateral incisors and second premolars was found more frequently on the left side, which also has a higher frequency of clefting.
Incidence of squatting facets on the talus of Indians (Agra region).

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

230 adult Indian tali (from Agra region) were studied for the incidence of squatting facets. Extension of medial articular facet was observed in all the cases. Medial extension of trochlea was observed in 37% of cases; lateral extension of trochlea in 71.6% of cases, lateral squatting facets in 43.5% of cases and medial squatting in 8.6% of cases. The present data are compared with that of other workers.
Mining fuzzy rules from quantitative data based on the AprioriTid algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Article Mining fuzzy rules from quantitative data based on the AprioriTid algorithm Share on Authors: Tzung-Pei Hong Department of Information Management, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84008, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Information Management, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84008, Taiwan, R.O.C.View Profile , Chan-Sheng Kuo Graduate School of Management Science, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84008, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate School of Management Science, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84008, Taiwan, R.O.C.View Profile , Sheng-Chai Chi Graduate School of Management Science, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84008, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate School of Management Science, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84008, Taiwan, R.O.C.View Profile , Shyue-Liang Wang Department of Information Management, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84008, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Information Management, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84008, Taiwan, R.O.C.View Profile Authors Info & Claims SAC '00: Proceedings of the 2000 ACM symposium on Applied computing - Volume 1March 2000 Pages 534–536https://doi.org/10.1145/335603.335949Online:19 March 2000Publication History 8citation780DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations8Total Downloads780Last 12 Months4Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
How many ways can the point be made? Evidence from children with and without autism

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Previous studies have found a dissociation between two forms of pointing gesture in autism: protoimperative pointing is present, while protodeclarative pointing is absent or impoverished. The latter appears to be part of a joint-attention deficit. In the present study, we searched for a third form, referential pointing, in autism. We predicted that since referential pointing can occur for non-social reasons, and without joint-attention, it might be intact in autism. This prediction was borne out. This new dissociation, intact referential pointing with impaired protodeclarative pointing, suggests that our assessment of this important gesture is becoming more refined, and may hold potential for early diagnosis.
HomeMade : re-connecting, re-valuing and re-kindle the love within a family.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

HomeMade is a final year project which aims to enhance relationship within families living in modern Singapore. Visual elements employed in the project are common objects at home—family portrait; string curtain; sofa cushion; fridge magnet; rice plate; recipe book and a family video. These usual objects are utilized in an unusual manner involving a series of activities that seeks possible solutions to reconnect a family. The significance of these common objects is alternated, re-defined and re-valued. Thereby as time goes by, the family members will develop a sentimental attachment to these common objects. Therefore, the objects become narrative and propel the unity of a family. The re-valuation of a family and of the relationship seeks to re-kindle ties. The object exercises the essence of the rawness and homeliness, hence reminding a family via common visual objects made.
Strategy of Phytoremediation for Sustainable Use of Arsenic-Rich Farmland

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Arsenic-rich groundwater causes arsenic accumulation in arable soils for irrigation. For such arsenic-contaminated farmland, phytoremediation is a feasible method in terms of cost and maintenance of soil. We studied arsenic-rich farmland planted with maize, Rotala rotundifolia, and the arsenic super-accumulating plant Pteris vittata and explored the arsenic absorption capacity of these plants to assess the effect of phytoremediation on arsenic-contaminated farmland. The arsenic removal by Pteris vittata was about 200 mg/m2 y. It would take about 90 years to reduce the soil arsenic below the regulatory standard of 60 mg/kg using Pteris vittata. Planting maize removed about 25.5 mg/m2 y of arsenic, and the arsenic concentration of the maize kernels was less than 0.2 mg/kg on a dry basis. It was below the standards of the animal food and human consumption limit. Pteris vittata needs to be planted first to rapidly reduce the bioavailable arsenic concentration in the soil. Subsequent planting of maize for remediating the soil while producing corn enables the sustainable production and utilization of farmland.
The Relative and Absolute Chronology of the Cypriote White Painted Pendent Line Style

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The occurrence abroad of Cypriote ceramics decorated in the later White Painted tradition, especially in historically dated contexts in Egypt, Syria, and Anatolia, has the potential to further refine the absolute chronology of the island's Middle and Late Bronze Ages. Taken in conjunction with the finds of White Slip, Base-ring, and Bichrome Wheel-made pottery, which have recently been the theme of separate conference proceedings, the exports of White Painted Pendent Line Style to the Levant make it possible to postulate that this ware, which overlapped with Middle Cypriote III and Late Cypriote IA, spanned 1700 to 1550 B. C. in absolute terms. On this basis it has been argued that Middle Cypriote III lasted from 1750 to 1650 B. C., and Late Cypriote IA from 1650 to 1550 B. C.
Inventory of pteridophytes on the territory of "Bulgarka" Nature Park.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study reports data on the diversity of Pteridophyte of the “Bulgarka” Nature Park. Twenty-nine species belonging to the divisions Lycopodiophyta, Equisetophyta and Polypodiophyta were identified, including six new species to the park: Asplenium onopteris, Dryopteris dilatata, Equisetum palustre, Huperzia selago, Ophioglossum vulgatum and Polystichum lonchitis. Among the identified species the ferns were prevailing. Fifteen species were medicinal plants and eight species have conservation significance. The status of the populations and major threats to the habitats were discussed.
Living the Good Life: An Islamic Perspective on Positive Psychology

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract This chapter aims to explore Muslims’ religion/spirituality and discuss the factors that are important to consider in scientific research and clinical practice at the intersections of positive psychology, religion, and spirituality. The discussion is based on the theological teachings of the Islamic religion, theoretical speculations regarding the links between Islam and positive psychology, and the relevant findings of empirical studies conducted with Muslim samples. The chapter is composed of five sections. The first is an overview of the geographic distribution, demographic composition, and intrafaith diversity of Muslims around the world. The second section reviews key Muslim religious/spiritual beliefs, teachings, practices, and texts. The third section discusses common Muslim understandings of virtues, health, and well-being. The fourth section reviews potential implications for science and practice at the intersections of positive psychology, religion, and spirituality. The final section offers recommendations for guiding research and practice when working with Muslims at these intersections.
“No Ku Klux Klan for Kern”

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Ku Klux Klan saw a rapid rise in Kern County, California, in 1921 but disintegrated in 1922. Local newspapers decried the Klan’s vigilante violence; a diligent district attorney pursued and prosecuted those involved; and the local press and the court cases revealed members’ identities. The ensuing backlash quickly neutralized the Klan in Kern County. The revealed identities enabled the author to profile local KKK adherents. The subsequent career paths of key members and their opponents confirm the shift of public opinion against the Klan despite its public relations efforts.
Raising the efficiency of a plasma opening switch by applying an external magnetic field

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The influence of an external magnetic field on the performance of a high-impedance plasma opening switch is studied experimentally. A 1.5-fold increase in the output voltage of a plasma opening switch operating in the erosion mode is achieved by applying an external magnetic field. The magnetic field strength and the parameters of the plasma opening switch at which the maximum output voltage is attained are determined. It is shown experimentally that the predicted dependence of the maximum output voltage on the Marx generator voltage, U POS [MV]=3.6 (U MG [MV])4/7, is confirmed experimentally.