jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A Cross Gender and Cross Lingual Study on Acoustic Features for Stress Recognition in Speech.

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We present a systematic study of the acoustic features for emotional stress in university students across gender and language groups. We design a common questionnaire of stress-inducing and non-stress-inducing questions in Chinese and English, and interviewed 25 native speakers of Mandarin and 31 native speakers of English, of both gender. We extract 560 acoustic features including as low-level descriptors and Teager energy operator (TEO). Our acoustic feature-based classifier recognizes stress in the subjects’ speech with 81.28% accuracy on average within the same gender and language group, largely outperforming human perception tests which showed only 39.27%. Moreover, we show for the first time that whereas the emotion detection accuracy decreases by 28.18% across gender, our system maintains the same performance across Mandarin and English. Feature ranking experiments show that the most important stress features are TEO and MFCCs, rather than pitch. This explains the relative language-independence of our model, even though Mandarin is a tonal language. TEO features are also founded to be insensitive to gender difference.
Impact of bound states on non-thermal dark matter production

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract We explore the impact of non-perturbative effects, namely Sommerfeld enhancement and bound state formation, on the cosmological production of non-thermal dark matter. For this purpose, we focus on a class of simplified models with t-channel mediators. These naturally combine the requirements for large corrections in the early Universe, i.e. beyond the Standard Model states with long range interactions, with a sizable new physics production cross section at the LHC. We find that the dark matter yield of the superWIMP mechanism is suppressed considerably due to the non-perturbative effects under consideration in models with color-charged mediators. In models with only electrically charged mediators the impact of non-perturbative effects is less pronounced and gets eclipsed by the impact of a possible Higgs portal interaction. In both cases we find significant shifts in the cosmologically preferred parameter space of non-thermal dark matter in these models. We also revisit the implications of LHC bounds on long-lived particles associated with non-thermal dark matter and find that testing this scenario at the LHC is a bigger challenge than previously anticipated.
On the Antiquities of Cuma

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes1 The publication of this paper has been deferred in the expectation of receiving further promised infromation from Mr. Ashpitel during his stay at Naples in 1854. His remarks having, however, been recently printed in the Archæologia, vol. xxxvii, pp. 316–334, there exists no reason for longer delay, and the paper is now printed as delivered by the author.
A CCO-based Sigma-Delta ADC

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is one of the most important blocks in nowadays systems. Most of the data processing is done in the digital domain however, the physical world is analog. ADCs make the bridge between analog and digital domain. The constant and unstoppable evolution of the technology makes the dimensions of the transistors smaller and smaller, and the classical solutions of Sigma-Delta converters (ΣΔ) are becoming more challenging to design because they normally require high active gain blocks difficult to achieve in modern technologies. In recent years, the use of voltage-controlled oscillators (VCO) in ΣΔ converters has been widely explored, since they are used as quantizers and their implementations are mostly made with digital blocks, which is preferable with new technologies. In this work a second-order ΣΔ modulator based on two current-controlled oscillators (CCO) with a single output phase and an independent phase generator for each CCO that generates any desired number of phases using the oscillation of its CCO as reference has been proposed. This ΣΔ modulator was studied through a MATLAB/Simulink® model, obtaining promising results with the SNDR in the order of 75 dB, at a sampling frequency of 1 GHz, and a bandwidth of 5 MHz, corresponding to an ENOB of, approximately, 12 bits.
An enhanced least squares residual RAIM algorithm based on optimal decentralized factor

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The Least Squares Residual (LSR) algorithm is commonly used in the Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM). However, LSR algorithm presents high Missed Detection Risk (MDR) caused by a large-slope faulty satellite and high False Alert Risk (FAR) caused by a small-slope faulty satellite. In this paper, the LSR algorithm is improved to reduce the MDR for a large-slope faulty satellite and the FAR for a small-slope faulty satellite. Based on the analysis of the vertical critical slope, the optimal decentralized factor is defined and the optimal test statistic is conceived, which can minimize the FAR with the premise that the MDR does not exceed its allowable value of all three directions. To construct a new test statistic approximating to the optimal test statistic, the Optimal Decentralized Factor weighted LSR (ODF-LSR) algorithm is proposed. The new test statistic maintains the sum of pseudo-range residual squares, but the specific pseudo-range residual is weighted with a parameter related to the optimal decentralized factor. The new test statistic has the same decentralized parameter with the optimal test statistic when single faulty satellite exists, and the difference between the expectation of the new test statistic and the optimal test statistic is the minimum when no faulty satellite exists. The performance of the ODF-LSR algorithm is demonstrated by simulation experiments.
White-eyed blowout fracture, child in danger: A case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A white-eyed blowout fracture is an orbital floor fracture associated with restriction of ocular motility (suggestive of orbital content entrapment) but with minimal or absence of signs of soft tissue trauma. It can lead to significant patient morbidity. This case involved an 8-year-old boy with a white-eyed blowout fracture following facial trauma. He presented with binocular diplopia and a history of recurrent episodes of vomiting after the trauma and was referred to our centre for a suspected head injury. Visual acuity in both eyes was 6/9. Examination showed minimal left periorbital haematoma with left eye motility restriction on superior and medial gaze associated with pain. CT scan of the orbit showed left orbital floor fracture with minimal soft tissue entrapment. He underwent urgent open exploration of the left orbit and release of orbital tissue entrapment. Post-operatively, the left eye motility restriction improved significantly with resolution of diplopia. In conclusion, a high index of suspicion is crucial in diagnosing paediatric white-eyed blowout fractures due to lack of external ocular signs.
A 7-Gene Nomogram for Predicting Cervical Lymph Node Status in cT 1-2 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract

Background: Around 20-30% of patients with early-stage OSCC have hidden lymph node metastases, meaning that over 70% of early-stage OSCC patients may have had unnecessary prophylactic lymph node dissection. Therefore, it is crucial to have dependable biomarkers that can forecast lymph node spread status and direct personalized treatment for initial OSCC stages. Our goal in this study was to develop a strong set of multiple genes that can accurately predict lymph node spread status in patients with cT1/2 oral cancer. Methods：Initially, RNA-seq information for cT1/2 OSCC individuals was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) repository, and then separated into two categories: patients with positive pathological lymph nodes (pN+) and patients with negative pathological lymph nodes (pN-). Next, a novel multi-RNA nomogram was developed using LASSO regression and stepwise multivariate logistic regression to predict lymph node status in cT1/2 OSCC cases. Furthermore, the accuracy of the model was evaluated using C-index, ROC AUC, and calibration curve to assess prediction performance. Finally, an external validation data obtained from GEO dataset was employed to validate the prediction capability of the novel prediction model. Results：In this study, we developed a nomogram based on 7 mRNAs to predict cervical lymph node metastases status in cT1-2 OSCC patients. The mRNAs included in the nomogram are ZFP42, ARG1, FRMD1, CALB1, ERICH5, AMBP, and AQP4. The ROC internal validation resulted in an AUC of 0.806, indicating the fitted model's exceptional predictive accuracy. Furthermore, the 7-gene model demonstrated excellent performance with an AUC of 0.861 when validated using the GEO dataset (GSE42743). Finally, a nomogram integrating 7 genes for predicting lymph nodal metastasis status in cT1-2 oral squamous cell carcinoma was established. Conclusion：Our results demonstrate a novel 7-gene signature which can predict lymph node status for cT1/2 OSCC patients accurately. The nomogram that combines 7 genes shows promise as a tool for creating personalized treatment plans for cT1/2 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients.
Non‐water‐suppressed short‐echo‐time magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging using a concentric ring k‐space trajectory

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Water‐suppressed MRS acquisition techniques have been the standard MRS approach used in research and for clinical scanning to date. The acquisition of a non‐water‐suppressed MRS spectrum is used for artefact correction, reconstruction of phased‐array coil data and metabolite quantification. Here, a two‐scan metabolite‐cycling magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) scheme that does not use water suppression is demonstrated and evaluated. Specifically, the feasibility of acquiring and quantifying short‐echo ( T E = 14 ms), two‐dimensional stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) MRSI spectra in the motor cortex is demonstrated on a 3 T MRI system. The increase in measurement time from the metabolite‐cycling is counterbalanced by a time‐efficient concentric ring k ‐space trajectory. To validate the technique, water‐suppressed MRSI acquisitions were also performed for comparison. The proposed non‐water‐suppressed metabolite‐cycling MRSI technique was tested for detection and correction of resonance frequency drifts due to subject motion and/or hardware instability, and the feasibility of high‐resolution metabolic mapping over a whole brain slice was assessed. Our results show that the metabolite spectra and estimated concentrations are in agreement between non‐water‐suppressed and water‐suppressed techniques. The achieved spectral quality, signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) > 20 and linewidth <7 Hz allowed reliable metabolic mapping of five major brain metabolites in the motor cortex with an in‐plane resolution of 10 × 10 mm 2 in 8 min and with a Cramér‐Rao lower bound of less than 20% using LCModel analysis. In addition, the high SNR of the water peak of the non‐water‐suppressed technique enabled voxel‐wise single‐scan frequency, phase and eddy current correction. These findings demonstrate that our non‐water‐suppressed metabolite‐cycling MRSI technique can perform robustly on 3 T MRI systems and within a clinically feasible acquisition time.
Australia and alcohol: living down the legend

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This image of the heavy-drinking Australian is now part of Australian myth and has its historical roots in the first days of the colony. Drinking forms part of the romantic Australian legend and there is a good precedent in Australian history to suggest that a radical alcohol reform agenda can provoke community backlash. This does not mean the automatic discounting of more vigorous approaches. Random breath testing provides an example of successful social engineering. Accordingly, radical interventions should be considered for pervasive problems, such as community dysfunction high-risk groups, such as young people; and disadvantaged groups, such as Aboriginal people. During the 1980s and 1990s the problems created by alcohol did not receive the same amount of attention as those associated with illicit drug use, but the climate seems to be changing. In 2001, a separate National Alcohol Strategy was published that sets out a broad coordinated approach to the reduction of alcohol related harm. The National Alcohol Strategy is now due for review and this provides an excellent opportunity to not only re-examine priorities, but to also set out a mechanism and timetable for action. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
An investigation into the presence of earnings management in U.S. large-cap companies.

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study is based on the observation that analysts’ consensus EPS forecast is exceeded by actual EPS but at the same time, analysts’ consensus RPS forecast exceeds actual RPS. Earnings management is conjectured to be one of the reasons for this phenomenon and this conjecture will be justified by a series of tests. S&P 500 companies that display the above mentioned trend in any quarter between the years 2007 to 2009 will be tested for abnormal operating margin and they will be flagged based on the extent of deviation from the proxy of their operating margin. Subsequently, they will be tested for abnormal current accruals by comparing with their industry peers. Several firms tested positive for these series of tests. This report then discusses whether it is possible to stretch operating margin to such an extent and reason whether earnings management could be a cause instead.
The role of cytotoxic T lymphocytes • " " lly m the evoluuon of genetlca stable viruses

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

enetic variation in vi- ,ruses has long been a major theme in thinking about virus evolution. More recently, there has been an in- creasing emphasis on the role of the host immune system in this process 1-3. It is well estab- lished that the major histo- compatibility complex (MHC) class-I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play a piv- otal role in controlling virus- infected cells
Mahasiswa dan telefon selular: Sejauh manakah penerimaan terhadapnya

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the acceptance of the mobile phone usage among the graduates. The objective of the study was to identify factors that encouraged the usage of the mobile phone among the graduates, as well as to examine their attitude towards this acceptance on the usage of the mobile phone. The framework of the study is based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by Davis (1989). A total of 389 graduates from the Universiti Utara Malaysia participated in the study. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. The findings showed that factors like portability in terms of its weight, size and having the current trend and ofering interesting service packages managed to encourage the usage of the mobile phone among graduates. Further more, its affordable and comparatively cheaper price as well as certain features available like sending and receiving SMS on the mobile phone were also among the factors that encouraged the usage. To be able to get in touch at any time of emergency and troubles were also factors that encouraged the usage of the mobile phone among graduates whereas, the acceptance of the usage among graduates were encouraged by the perceptions that the mobile phone is 1) something which is handy 2) something which is useful 3)something which is entertaining and 4) something they can show off.
Performance of pigs in a daily feeding program (DP) or in a sequential feeding program (SEQ) with different levels of variation in amino acid (AA) concentration throughout the day<sup>1</sup>.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

<p>Performance of pigs in a daily feeding program (DP) or in a sequential feeding program (SEQ) with different levels of variation in amino acid (AA) concentration throughout the day<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0261314#t002fn001" target="_blank"><sup>1</sup></a>.</p>
Natural Compounds in Prostate Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Prostate cancer (PCa) represents a major cause of cancer mortality among men in developed countries. Patients with recurrent disease initially respond to androgen-deprivation therapy, but the tumor eventually progresses into castration-resistant PCa; in this condition, tumor cells acquire the ability to escape cell death and develop resistance to current therapies. Thus, new therapeutic approaches for PCa management are urgently needed. In this setting, natural products have been extensively studied for their anti-PCa activities, such as tumor growth suppression, cell death induction, and inhibition of metastasis and angiogenesis. Additionally, numerous studies have shown that phytochemicals can specifically target the androgen receptor (AR) signaling, as well as the PCa stem cells (PCSCs). Interestingly, many clinical trials have been conducted to test the efficacy of nutraceuticals in human subjects, and they have partially confirmed the promising results obtained in vitro and in preclinical models. This article summarizes the anti-cancer mechanisms and therapeutic potentials of different natural compounds in the context of PCa prevention and treatment.
Neutral Taxation

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Formally, neutral taxation is taxation falling on something that is in completely inelastic supply, with the tax being so designed as not to affect resource allocation either within or among the affected categories or between them and the other activities not subject to the tax. To minimize deadweight loss, the Ramsey rule says that, the more demand-elastic a good is, the less it should be taxed. But in practice, given ignorance about demand elasticities, uniform low-rate, broad-based taxation reliably reduces deadweight loss and implies neutrality on the part of the state between citizens' preferred actions within the rule of law.
Perceptions of Institutional Betrayal Predict Suicidal Self-Directed Violence Among Veterans Exposed to Military Sexual Trauma

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Perceptions regarding institutional betrayal appear to be highly relevant to MST and its sequelae. These findings underscore the importance of Veterans' perceptions of the military institution's efforts to prevent and respond to MST to individual recovery from sexual trauma. Additional research regarding the association between institutional betrayal and health-related outcomes is needed.
Characteristics of polysomnography of patients with different degrees of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To analyze the characteristrics of polysomnography(PSG) of patients with primary snore and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Method: One hundred and eighty-three adults with sleep breathing disorder were studied by 32 guide PSG and analyzed by Polysmith,then they were classified according to the apnea-hypopnea index(AHI) into four groups: primary snore group,mild OSAHS,moderate OSAHS and severity OSAHS.Result: There were obviously different in NREM stage 1,NREM stage 3,REM,longest apnea,lowest oxygen saturation level(LSaO_2),and total arousal index among the four groups.Conclusion: The degree interrelates partly with the structure of sleep,and totally with SaO_2 and total arousal index.
Circumcision Isn't Necessary

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

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The formalism of Segal sections

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Given a family of model categories $\cal E \to \cal C$, we associate to it a homotopical category of derived, or Segal, sections $DSect(\cal C,\cal E)$ that models the higher-categorical sections of the localisation $L\cal E \to \cal C$. The derived sections provide an alternative, strict model for various higher algebra objects appearing in the work of Lurie. We prove a few results concerning the properties of the homotopical category $DSect(\cal C,\cal E)$, and as an example, study its behaviour with respect to the base-change along a select class of functors.
Secondary nucleation of K-alum by minimum size seeds in a stirred vessel.

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Secondary nucleation rate of K-afum was studied by adding controlled amounts into a stirred vessel. Change in number of produced nuclei against the elapsed time was observed by direct counting, and the results were featured by slight increase in number at the initial stage, followed by rapid increase in constant elapsed time specified by the particular supersaturation. The existence of a definite size to contribute to following nucleation was recognized, and this size was minimum for secondary nucleation and correlated with supersaturation. Minimum size was proposed as a new effective factor on the secondary nucleation rate, and secondary nucleation rate per unit surface of crystals near minimum size was correlated with supersaturation and agitation rate in the stirred vessel. Secondary nucleation rate in the stirred vessel was also discussed in comparison to that in the fluidized bed. The primary nucleation in the stirred vessel and latent period for the produced nuclei to grow to minimum size to contribute to following nucleation were also discussed.
Harassment and discrimination experiences of Indigenous Peoples in the Canadian Armed Forces

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

LAY SUMMARY Little research has investigated Indigenous Peoples’ experiences in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF). The authors aimed to understand mistreatment faced by Indigenous CAF members by using data from the CAF Harassment and Discrimination Survey. This study found that Indigenous members were more likely than non-Indigenous members to report experiencing personal harassment and abuse of authority. Indigenous members were not more likely than non-Indigenous members to report experiencing discrimination. After considering other factors, such as gender, visible minority identity, and rank group, Indigenous members were more likely to report experiencing harassment, abuse of authority, and discrimination.