jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Physiotherapists’ attitudes towards and challenges of working in a referral-based practice setting – a systematic scoping review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background The World Confederation for Physical Therapy (WCPT) identifies physiotherapists as autonomous practitioners. However, physiotherapists in many countries do not have this 'right' to practice due to referral-based practice system. It is unknown how it impacts physiotherapists and their ability to deliver person-centred care.Objectives To synthesise physiotherapists' perspectives of working in countries with limited autonomy in a referral-based physiotherapy setting.Study design A systematic scoping review.Data sources Major electronic databases including MEDLINE, AMED, EBM reviews, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest and Google Scholar; and Grey literature including EThOS and Open Grey were searched until June 2019.Study selection Studies were included if they explored the perspectives of physiotherapists' towards professional autonomy in countries where there is no self-referral or direct access to physiotherapy services.Synthesis methods Thematic analysis was used to extract common themes.Results Of the 13 included studies, 9 were qualitative and 4 were quantitative. Four main themes were identified: Physiotherapists reported (1) 'feelings of frustration' and 'low self-esteem', (2) restrictions with critical thinking and clinical reasoning, (3) limited opportunities to provide evidence-based care and (4) difficulty to develop rapport with clients.Conclusions Physiotherapists working in countries with limited autonomy commonly experience a sense of frustration due to their inability to critically think and provide evidence-based care. Ultimately, these frustrations led to increased occupational stress, reduced job satisfaction and global migration. Although physiotherapists aspire to become autonomous practitioners, the socio-political barriers to achieve legal regulation remain a key challenge to provide person-centred care.
Reaction of elevated temperature on growth and yield at wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2012 on the topic entitled “Reaction of elevated temperature on growth and yield at wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes.” viz. PBW-502, PBW-343, PBW-443, PBW-154, K-7903, HUW-234, UP-262, RAJ-3077 HD-2733 and Kundan experiment was conducted at Instructional farm, of Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Narendra Nagar, Kumarganj, Faizabad (U.P.) under 0.50C elevated temperature at 30-50 DAS and further increase from 0.5-1.00C at 50-70 DAS, respectively. The morphology and physiology of all wheat genotypes were studied under heat stress condition. The ten varieties under lest sown on 15 December the varieties V2, V7 & V8 are better heat tolerant at vegetative stage (30-50 DAS) as the yield reduction under the heat stress condition (0.5 0C increase from 14.620C ambient temperature) ranged between 8-11% in sequence. Further increase of temperature from 0.50C to 1.00C at reproductive stage (50-70 DAS) the variety V2, V5 & V3 responsed better for sustainability of yield over control as reduction in yield under heat stress condition at this stage was in the order of 5, 10 & 16% respectively. Hence, the variety V2, V7 & V8 and variety V2, V5 & V3 are more heat tolerant for 0.50C & 1.00C elevated temperature over ambient 14.120C at vegetative stage (30-50 DAS) & 22.180C at reproductive stage (50-70 DAS) respectively.
sj-pdf-1-jht-10.1177_10963480211010986 – Supplemental material for What Has Happened and What Will Drive Changes in Hospitality and Tourism Education?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jht-10.1177_10963480211010986 for What Has Happened and What Will Drive Changes in Hospitality and Tourism Education? by Hyun Jeong (Jenny) Kim and Miyoung Jeong in Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research
A specific fluorescent chemosensor for copper (II) cation recognition*

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The fluorescent spectra of 2 6-bis benzimidazol-2-yl pyridine compound 2 and its N-substituted compound l are studied. The fluorescent characteristics of these compounds and the complexes formed from these compounds with different metal ions have also been investigated. The results show that compound 1 possesses a specific ability to form complex with Cu2+ ions, but compound 2 has not such a property. It is proposed that the specific recognition ability of compound 1 to Cu2+ may attribute to the cyclic configuration of this compound in polar solvent.
International Human Rights Institutions and Procedures

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This chapter examines the international and regional systems for reporting, monitoring, and “enforcing” human rights obligations. When environmental destruction results in human injury that breaches applicable human rights provisions, it may be possible to invoke the jurisdiction of a human rights body under established procedures to remedy both the human rights violation and the underlying environmental degradation causing the violation. For lawyers concerned with environmental protection, the well-developed human rights committees, commissions, and other mechanisms empowered to investigate and act on alleged human rights abuses have provided a major attraction, despite the fact that the approach is retrospective, because bringing a human rights case implies that harm (sometimes irreparable) has already been done. It is thus important to keep in mind that most human rights institutions also have a proactive promotional function that allows inquiry, training, guidelines on best practices, and other actions to prevent harm from occurring.
Production and Characterization of a Monoclonal Anti-anti-idiotype Antibody against Fumonisin B1

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A monoclonal anti-anti-idiotype antibody (mAb3) against fumonisin B(1) (FmB1) was produced from the hybridoma cell line 7C7F4, which was generated by the fusion of P3/NS-1/1-AG4-1 myeloma cells with spleen cells isolated from a Balb/c mouse that had been immunized with the Fab fragments of affinity-purified anti-idiotype antibodies. The mAb3 belongs to the immunoglobulin M, kappa light chain. A direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dc-ELISA) and an indirect competitive ELISA (idc-ELISA) were established for antibody characterization and toxin analysis. In an idc-ELISA using FmB1-ovalbumin (OVA) as the coating antigen, the concentrations causing 50% inhibition of binding (IC(50)) of mAb3 to the solid-phase FmB1-OVA by free FmB1, FmB2, and FmB3 were found to be 75, 95, and 450 ng/mL, respectively. In the dc-ELISA, the concentration causing IC(50) of FmB1-horseradish peroxidase to the solid-phase mAb3 by free FmB1 was found to be 233 ng/mL. Analysis of 12 samples naturally contaminated with fumonisins with mAb3-based idc-ELISA and polyclonal-based dc-ELISA showed a good correlation between these two methods with a correlation coefficient of 0.76 at p < 0.02. The linear regression slope was found to be y[polyclonal ELISA] = 0.87x[mAb3 ELISA] - 52 ppb.
Iron(III) Complexes of Metal‐Binding Copolymers as Proficient Catalysts for Acid Hydrolysis of Phosphodiesters and Oxidative DNA Cleavage – Insight into the Rational Design of Functional Metallopolymers

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Fe 3+ complexes of pyridine‐containing copolymers were found to be efficient and selective catalysts toward phosphodiester hydrolysis and show significant activity toward oxidative DNA cleavage. The catalysis toward bis( p ‐nitrophenyl)phosphate (BNPP) hydrolysis exhibits enzyme‐like pre‐equilibrium kinetics with maximum activities in the range of ca. pH 6–8 and a first‐order catalytic proficiency ( k cat / k o ) of 4.2 × 10 7 ‐fold at the acidic pH value of 5.3 (i.e., p K a of the coordinated nucleophilic water) and 25 °C, entitling this Fe 3+ copolymer an acid phosphodiester catalyst. This catalyst also shows significant selectivity toward BNPP hydrolysis relative to the hydrolyses of p ‐nitrophenyl phenylphosphonate and p ‐nitrophenylphosphate monoester, with a ratio of 4250:16:1 in terms of their first‐order catalytic proficiencies at pH 8.0 and 25 °C. Fe 3+ complexes of a few pyridine‐containing copolymers show different hydrolytic activities, which points a direction for rational design of catalytic metallopolymers. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Supplementary Figure S3 from A Phase I Trial of BKM120 (Buparlisib) in Combination with Fulvestrant in Postmenopausal Women with Estrogen Receptor–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Supplementary Fig. S3 Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for PTEN expression on archival tumor specimens</p>
Does the ganglion of Ribes exist?

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Some have included the ganglion of Ribes (Francois Ribes, 1765-1845), lying on the anterior communicating artery, as the most superior ganglion of the sympathetic nervous system. To verify the presence of this structure, the anterior communicating artery was harvested from 40 fresh adult cadavers and histological analysis and immunochemistry performed. Grossly and with magnification, no ganglion-like structures were found in or around the anterior communicating artery in any specimen. However, scattered neuronal cell bodies were found in the adventitia of the anterior communicating artery with histological immunochemical analysis. Based on the lack of vasoactive intestinal peptide staining and the positive reaction to tyrosine hydroxylase, these neurons are most likely sympathetic in nature. Based on our findings, a grossly visible ganglion of Ribes does not exist. However, neuronal cell bodies were found in the adventitia of the anterior communicating artery although the function of such cells remains speculative.
The involvement of lncRNAs in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant tumors that are difficult to diagnose at its early stage and there is no effective therapy. Recent studies uncovered that many non-protein-coding RNAs including the class of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are differentially expressed in various types of tumors and they are potent regulators of tumor progression and metastasis. LncRNA can mediate tumor initiation, proliferation, migration and metastasis through modulating epigenetic modification, alternative splicing, transcription, and protein translation. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanism of lncRNAs in the involvement of tumor growth, survival, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor microenvironment, cancer stem cells and chemoresistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Diets for diabetics: no added sucrose.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

neither can be compare the UK in 1946, when there were 3 million motors, and in 1974, when there were 17 million.We must have some comparative rate, and if this is improving we are entitled to claim that we are making progress.The large number of deaths is at least partly due to the enormous number of motors.It is also remarkable that your profession, who are in the best position to know, should neglect the large saving in lives made by the motor in enabling you to get to your patients more quickly and to get them to hospital promptly, in enabling the fire brigade to reach fires early, and so on.This mistake has been made twice, if not three times, with tragic results, Between 1946 and 1956 the number of deaths rose slightly, although the "Smeed rate"-which allows for the population and number of motors-and the deaths per 100 million vehicle-kilometres both fell markedly.The rise in deaths, slight though it was, was blamed wholly on the drivers, though the number of motors had risen from 3 million to 61 million.An Act increasing penalties was passed, the trend of the deaths rose sharply, and both rates rose.This was again blamed on the drivers and another Act, much increasing penalties, was passed in 1962.The deaths then rocketed upwards to the highest
A basic model for evaluating R&D performance: theory and application in Italy

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Nowadays the public R&D laboratories have a fundamental role in countries’ development, supporting businesses as they face the technological challenges in the turbulent world scenarios. Measuring the performance of R&D organisations is crucially important to decisions about the level and direction of public funding for research and development. This research considers the public laboratories like systems and develops a mathematical model based on the measurement of R&D activities with k‐indices. The score obtained from the research laboratories evaluation (relev) methodology synthesises in single value financial, scientific and technological aspects. It is an indicator, for R&D manager and policy maker, of performance in relation to other research organisations or in a time series. The method is an instrument of strategic planning and can be used for the improvement of individual activities and the overall performance of public R&D bodies.
Srchi24, A Chitinase Homolog Lacking an Essential Glutamic Acid\n Residue for Hydrolytic Activity, Is Induced during Nodule\n Development on Sesbania rostrata1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The interaction between the tropical legume Sesbania\n rostrata and the bacterium Azorhizobium\n caulinodans results in the formation of nodules on both stem\n and roots. Stem nodulation was used as a model system to isolate early\n markers by differential display. One of them, Srchi24 is\n a novel early nodulin whose transcript level increased already 4 h\n after inoculation. This enhancement depended on Nod factor-producing\n bacteria. Srchi24 transcript levels were induced also by\n exogenous cytokinins. In situ hybridization and immunolocalization\n experiments showed that Srchi24 transcripts and proteins\n were present in the outermost cortical cell layers of the developing\n nodules. Sequence analyses revealed that Srchi24 is similar to class\n III chitinases, but lacks an important catalytic glutamate residue. A\n fusion between a maltose-binding protein and Srchi24 had no detectable\n hydrolytic activity. A function in nodulation is proposed for the\n Srchi24 protein.
[Cognitive impairment and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Project CASCADE Kraków. I. Project to test exposure to risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the studied sample].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Dementia is found in a small percent of general population but remains a significant problem in the elderly population. Little is known whether prevention of dementia in the elderly is possible. Some evidence exists that both vascular dementia and Alzheimer's type dementia are related to cardiovascular disease risk factors. The main goal of the CASCADE Kraków Project is to study the relation between the exposure to cardiovascular disease risk factors in the middle age and cognitive impairment and cerebral white matter lesions in old age. Project CASCADE Kraków is an independent part of the international project CASCADE, which is carried out in 11 research centres from 9 countries. Polish part of the study includes a longitudinal observation of the sample screened earlier in POL-MONICA Kraków Project, which was selected from population of residents of rural province (Tarnobrzeg Voivodship). Studied sample are 1318 persons, for whom cardiovascular disease risk factors were measured in 1983-84 and who completed at least 64 years in 1997. Two-stage examination was designed. In the first stage collection of the following data was designed: socio-economic factors, history of cardiovascular disease, perceived health, blood pressure and cognitive function assessment using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) procedure. In the second stage (sub-sample of 300 persons included) the following procedures were designed: detailed neuro-psychological testing, neurolo-gical examination, MRI, determination of total- and HDL-cholesterol and determination of apoE isoforms. There were 625 (47%) men and 693 (53%) women selected for the first stage. Out of them 128 (43%) men and 172 (57%) women were selected for the second stage. There were no important differences in age, education, health status and exposure to cardiovascular disease risk factors between the studied groups in the baseline assessment. However, there were important differences between men and women. Compared to men, women had lower education (higher than elementary education in 17% and 9% respectively), more frequent obesity (respectively 12% and 36%), hypertension (respectively 57% and 71%) and hyperlipoproteinemia (respectively 17% and 30%) but lower smoking rate (respectively 53% and 4%). Integration of neuropsychological testing and neuroimaging with the epidemiological approach to risk factors could contribute to better understanding of the mechanisms on which the disease affects the brain morphology and functions. The results of CASCADE and CASCADE Kraków projects will contribute also to the development of the strategies of medical care and management of the cognitive impairment in the elderly.
Preparation and application of nanofluid withmicrochannel and its experimental and theoretical thermal performance - A Review

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper concerned with the heat transfer behaviour of aqueous suspension of nanoparticle i.e. nano fluid, a procedure for preparing a nanofluid its importance, application and challenges of nanofluid. Apart of these the theoretical study of the thermal conductivity of nanofluids is introduced. Some factors such as particle size, particle shape the volumefraction and properties of the nanoparticles are discussed. A theoretical model and empirical equation for the effective thermal conductivity of Nanofluid is proposed to describe heattransfer performance of the nanofluid. Other thermophysical properties of nanofluid like as effective viscosity, effective density, effective specific heat are also reviewed by various model presented by researcher. In addition of this nanofluid its application in microchannel with various geometrical configurations and various specific nanofluids are studied under various boundary conditionsare reviewed here.
ROLE OF MR SPECTROSCOPY IN DIAGNOSIS OF PAEDIATRIC BRAIN LESIONS.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Context: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive Technique for diagnosis, grading, and post-treatment follow-up of pediatric brain tumors. Although it is considered the gold standard for the evaluation of brain tumors, in many instances, reliable differentiation of neoplastic from non-neoplastic brain lesions or of high from low-grade tumors are difficult with conventional MRI. Neuro-Imaging plays an invaluable role in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of pediatric brain tumors. While traditional imaging techniques are good at detecting pediatric brain cancer, they offer low specificity, lack of histological correlation and have limited capacity to evaluate therapeutic response evaluation. MR spectroscopy (MRS) can assess pediatric neurological abnormalities at microscopic levels by quantifying cellular metabolites and studying their distribution in the tissues. MR spectroscopy has been proven to provide additional clinically relevant information for several pediatric neurological disease processes such as brain tumors, infectious processes, white matter disorders, and neonatal injury. Aims: To assess the radiological profile of pediatric brain lesions on magnetic resonance imaging, The role of MR Spectroscopy in pediatric brain lesions & To correlate the MRS findings with clinical profile, histo-pathological findings wherever possible. Settings and Design: Prospective type of Research study, which is performed after approval of research proposal by Institutional Ethics Committee (I.E.C.). Material and Methods: MR examinations were performed using a 1.5 T scanner. The protocol includes MRI Brain scan with T1W, T2W, DWI & ADC, FLAIR, and SWI Sequences in Axial modes. T1W Coronal & T2W sagittal images are also taken. Post contrast T1W with fat saturation coronal, axial & sagittal Sequences were taken. And then After Multi Voxel Spectroscopy Were Performed. Statistical Analysis: The data were analyzed by using of Spss program 16.00 version and Sensitivity and specificity were calculated to depict diagnostic accuracy. Results: The Study found that MR Spectroscopy Plays crucial role in the diagnosis and characterization of various intracranial space occupying lesions in pediatric patients. Besides differentiation of benign from malignant lesions. It also helps in the grading of malignancies. MR Spectroscopy and it correlation with the Clinical Profile and histo-pathology which also helps in the confirmation of the different brain lesion in the Pediatric Patients. This study also concludes that MRS should be used in combination with MRI. Single voxel spectroscopy is shown to be a valuable characterization tool for use in pediatric brain tumors. Conclusion: MR spectroscopy Technique is a most sensitive for diagnosis of the pediatric brain Lesions.
869-P: Patient-Provider Video Visit Use and HbA1c Control among Patients with Diabetes

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Video telemedicine can offer patients direct real-time convenient access to clinicians without arranging transportation or work time-off, improving access to diabetes care and self-management support. We examined the association between video visit use and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) among patients with diabetes. In a longitudinal study, within a large integrated delivery system where patients were first able to self-schedule real-time physician video visits in 2016, we used the clinical registry to identify patients with diabetes (2015), and followed their video visit use and subsequent HbA1c values over time (2016-2019). Using linear regression with patient-level fixed effects (within-patient changes), adjusting for calendar year and month and time-changing patient mobile portal access, we measured the association between use of video visits as a time-changing variable and the patient’s yearly HbA1c values (in subsequent calendar years after video visit use). We then stratified analyses by baseline HbA1c value: &lt;8%, ≥8%, no value (defined as lower patient engagement). Among 204,301 patients with diabetes, 50% were 65 years or older, 48% were women, and 45% were of white race/ethnicity. Overall, 95% of patients had a baseline HbA1c value, 24% had HbA1c values ≥8%. Patient use of video visits was associated with an overall statistically significant reduction in HbA1c value by 0.15% (95% CI: 0.11%-0.19%). Among those with baseline HbA1c values ≥8%, using video visits was associated with a HbA1c value reduction of 0.22% (95% CI: 0.12%-0.32%), and among patients with lower baseline engagement (i.e., no baseline HbA1c measurement), using video visits was associated with a HbA1c reduction of 0.39% (95% CI: 0.07%-0.71%). Use of video visit was associated with improved glycemic control among patients with diabetes, with greater improvements found among patients with worse baseline control and lower engagement. Video visits may offer convenient health care access to improve diabetes management. Disclosure M. Reed: None. A. Gopalan: None. I. Graetz: None. L. Hsueh: None. J. Huang: None. E. Muelly: None. Funding National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK085070)