jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukaemia: Experience of Diagnostics at Three Clinical Centres

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia (AMkL) is a rare hematologic clonal malignancy, characterised by the accumulation of abnormal myeloid blasts with megakaryoblastic differentiation in the bone marrow and/or extra-marrow hematopoiesis sites with marked clinical heterogeneity in children and adult populations. Owing to a low occurrence in the daily clinical practice, AMkL presents a difficulty for immunophenotypic diagnostics. Purpose We present 36 cases of children and adult AMkL observed from 2007 through 2014 at the Federal Scientific Clinical Center of Children Hematology, Oncology and Immunology in memory of Dima Rogachev, Moscow, Russia (FSCCCHOI), Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Russia (PFSPbMU), and Research Center for Paediatrics and Children Surgery, Almaty, Kazakhstan (SCPCS). Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical and multicolour flow cytometry data of AMkL was diagnosed in two Russian and one Kazakhstan clinical centers during 8 years has been performed, and the applicability of the modern diagnostic criteria was evaluated. Results From 2,867 cases of acute leukaemia, we identified 36 patients with AMkL (1.26% of all cases) including 30 children and 6 adults with disease age onset ranged from 2 days to 75 years. Trisomy 21 was detected in 19.4% of the samples. In the group of children under 3 years (23), trisomy of chromosome 21 was detected in 7 patients (30.4%). Conclusion Most typical immunophenotypical features of AMkL and its rare variants allow diagnosing it in ethnically diverse populations. We describe specific details of the sample preparation and interpretation of multicolour flow cytometry data.
Charge-density wave phase-slip in niobium triselenide : dislocations and the growth of an, electronic crystal

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The analogy is explored between phase-slip in charge-density wave conductors, which brings about the growth and decay of an electronic crystal, and the processes of growth and plastic flow which occur in conventional crystals. The experimental data on NbSe3 are re-examined, and new measurements of the voltage Vps needed to produce phase-slip at a given rate presented. It is suggested that Vps is determined mainly by the difficulty of inducing dislocation loops in the charge-density wave to climb to the crystal surface, rather than by their difficulty of nucleation.
Statistical and Molecular-Dynamics Simulation of Electrically Induced Changes in the Conformational Structure of Polyampholytes on the Surface of a Flattened Metal Nanospheroid

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

A problem has been considered concerning the study of the formation of a macromolecular fringe layer of a polyampholyte chain adsorbed on the surface of a metal flattened nanospheroid, which either carries an excess electrical charge or is polarized by an external uniform field. For this system, a mathematical model has been proposed, which takes into account the entropy-related effect of the formation of different conformations of a Gaussian chain on the curved surface and the interaction of dipoles of chain segments with the field of the charged or polarized conducting nanospheroid. Molecular dynamics has been employed to study electrically induced conformational changes in polyampholytic polypeptides having different distances between oppositely charged units in a macrochain adsorbed on the surface of a flattened gold nanospheroid, which is either charged or polarized along its rotation axis. The distributions of the average linear density along the rotation axis and the radial distributions of the average density in the equatorial region of the nanospheroid have been calculated. On the surface of the charged flattened metal nanospheroid, macrochain loops are predominantly oriented in the direction of the nanospheroid rotation axis, as the distance between charged units in a macrochain increases. On the surface of a flattened nanospheroid polarized along the rotation axis in an external electric field, the macromolecular fringe swells in both the polar regions and the equatorial region of the nanospheroid, with the swelling being caused by the formation of macromolecular loops of two types.
Reconfiguration of the Cocoa Industry and Poverty Reduction in Cote D’Ivoire

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to study the Ivorian cocoa supply chain to determine ways to improve the financial windfall share (generated by the cocoa industry), which returns to Cote d’Ivoire through local actors. To achieve this goal, we made a descriptive analysis and schematized the different stages of the supply chain, from the farm gate to the sale of chocolate (in Western countries). This analysis has shown that actors located in consumer countries ensure the governance of this chain and also that the share of the value accruing to Cote d'Ivoire is very low. The study also shows that the best way to improve the share of Cote d'Ivoire in the financial windfall generated by the cocoa industry is to create more value for local actors, and enable the achievement of successive stages of the value chain on the Ivorian domestic market. So instead of limiting ourselves to the activities of production and export of cocoa beans to multinational grinders, the manufacture and distribution of chocolate (or cocoa-based products) worldwide should be performed from producer countries (particularly Côte d'Ivoire). This initiative will greatly reduce unemployment and improve the income of farmers, and therefore reduce poverty.
Performance Evaluation of Solar and Oven Drying for Tropical Fruits

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Solar drying is the common traditional method to preserve fruits by reducing its moisture content and the microorganisms’ activities, hence, slowing down the mold growth, which affect the quality of fruits. Operational cost of solar dryer can be cheaper but the drying time using solar dryer is usually longer than other drying techniques that use electricity due to the lower and inconsistent temperature within its drying chamber. In this work, bananas, papaya and pineapple were dried using an oven at temperatures of 65-85oC, and the results were compared with the outcomes of drying using a simple wood solar cabinet dryer, done in Kota Samarahan, Sarawak Malaysia. The drying profiles for the fruits dried in the oven were found to be quite similar, indicating the insignificant variation in the cell matrix structure of the fruits, and in addition, these results were supported by the small range of the estimated drying constants between 1.32 - 1.83 10-1 hr-1. Moreover, the results showed that the increase in the temperature of drying in the oven from 65 to 75oC did not change the drying time significantly, but the drying time was reduced significantly to 70% when the temperature was increased to 85oC. The fluctuation of temperature and air flow within the solar dryer between 27-34oC and 0.12 -1.52 m/s, respectively, slowed down the drying process, resulting to prolong of drying time. The drying time to reduce the moisture content from 80-60% for the solar drying was between 31 to 74 hours while for oven drying with temperatures of 65-85oC was between 1-5 hours.
Source confusion in optical searches for GRB counterparts

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Searches for optical transients from gamma-ray bursts employ location boxes that are several to tens of arc-minutes across. With boxes of this size, the probability of finding a type 1A supernovae in a search down to V magnitude 24 is substantial. For instance, in an error box of 1 arc-minute radius, one expects the probability of finding a supernovae is approximately 0.15%.
Changes in nonlinear characteristics of heart rate variability under functional load on the cardiovascular system in healthy subjects and coronary heart disease patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Some nonlinear characteristics of heart rate variability in the course of functional tests with physical exercise are described. Two groups of volunteers participated in the tests: a control group of 32 healthy subjects (group 1) and a group of 35 coronary heart disease (CHD) patients (group 2). Two series of experiments were performed for each group. An active orthostatic test (AOT) was used in the first series, and a gradually growing physical load on a bicycle ergometer (bicycle ergometer test, BET), in the second series. Along with statistical indices of heart rate (the mean RR interval and standard deviation), nonlinear indices of heart rate were estimated: the correlation dimensionality (D 2) and approximate entropy (ApEn). Trends of the changes in nonlinear indices of heart rate have been found. The D 2 and ApEn decreased in both groups of subjects during the AOT and BET under the maximum load. However, the groups of healthy subjects and CHD patients differed in the reactivity of indices, the amplitude of changes in nonlinear indices being narrower in the latter group than in group 1. Differently directed shifts in standard deviation (SDNN) and nonlinear indices have been found. Thus, the data obtained with the use of nonlinear heart rate characteristics show that heart rate under physical load is more multivariate and diverse in healthy subjects at rest and the amplitude of changes during the AOT and BET is greater than in CHD patients, which is a result of the specific autonomic control of heart activity in cardiovascular pathologies.
PhD Student Ambassadors: Partners in Promoting Graduate Research

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aims of this research were to explore the experiences of staff and postgraduate students in an ambassador scheme, develop a model of partnering with postgraduate students in the administrative space, and consider implications for partnership initiatives. A qualitative case study was undertaken of a “Graduate Research Ambassador Scheme”, involving a dean employing two PhD students as paid ambassadors to help promote a vibrant graduate research culture. Research diaries were kept by each partner, regular research discussions occurred, and each partner wrote a reflective account of their experiences. These data were collaboratively analysed using a general inductive approach. All partners had very positive experiences, but there was some uncertainty regarding the nature of the role and some institutional challenges. A model of staff-student partnership within the administrative space was developed that included three main influences on effective partnerships: roles in partnership, structural characteristics, and personal characteristics. The model highlights the need for clear articulation of roles and tasks, the challenge of institutional cultures, and the way that resources, time, and space can either hinder or help partnerships. Personal characteristics such as trust, respect, and informal communication can significantly mitigate challenges and build fruitful partnerships.
Motivations for Choosing a Career and the Expectations of Serbian and Slovenian Preschool Teachers of Their Own Career Development

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Studying motivations of teaching professionals for their profession is an important area of research. Knowing motivations is relevant to both school policy and teacher educators in order to tailor initial and further training accordingly, thus enabling individuals to be best equipped to meet the challenges of their careers. In the present article, we were interested in why Slovenian and Serbian preschool teachers choose their profession, how the preschool teachers with different motivations for their choice perceive their profession as a career, what factors they consider to have an impact on their career development, and what expectations they have in relation to it. The study was based on a survey approach and included 289 preschool teachers from Serbia and Slovenia. The results show that among preschool teachers in both countries intrinsic and altruistic motives prevail in their choice of the preschool teaching profession and that their importance increases as the importance of motives of a simplistic view of studies and work decreases. The results indicate that the predominant motivation for choosing preschool teaching as a career plays an important role in the preschool teachers’ views of their profession, their identification of the career development factors, and their career expectations and plans. The implications of these findings for preservice and inservice preschool teacher education are discussed.
Exposure of Plants to Static Electromagnetic Fields: The Early Growth of Basil and Waxy Corn

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effects of a static low-intensity electromagnetic field (EMF) on higher plants were investigated. Thai basil (Ocimum basilicum var. thyrsiflora) and waxy corn (Zea mays var. ceratina) were chosen as samples for the experiments. There were 2 methods of electromagnetic exposure, indirect exposure (applying magnetically treated water to plants) and direct exposure (plants are grown under the electromagnetic field). For the indirect exposure experiment, magnetically treated water (0.34-4.54 mT, 24 h) was applied to Thai basil seeds daily for 1 week and the experiment was repeated once. No significant difference in the heights was found between the control groups and the treated groups whether deionized or tap water was used. For the direct exposure experiment (0.28-3.83 mT), waxy corn seeds were grown between a pair of electromagnets. Two controls were grown in the absence of an extra magnetic field; 1 control group (no electromagnets (EM)) was grown at room temperature while the other control group (EM-0) was grown between a pair of electromagnets with a similar temperature to the other magnetically treated groups. The experiment was completed in 4 days and was repeated once. The results indicated that there is no height difference between the control (EM-0) and the groups grown between electromagnets; however, the controls (no EM), which were grown at room temperature were shorter compared to those grown between electromagnets. Our results suggest that the level of the applied magnetic field has no effect on the heights of the plants in this study.
Non-insulin therapies in addition to insulin in Type 1 DM treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction Complications of Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) remain prevalent due to suboptimal glycaemic control despite advances in analogue insulin, its delivery and technological advances in glucose monitoring. Intensive insulin therapy is associated with hypoglycaemia and weight gain. Non–insulin-dependent glucose lowering strategies may provide a strategy in improving glycaemic control without hypoglycaemia and weight gain. Sources of data Research papers and reviews about adjunctive treatment with insulin in T1DM in the published literature. Areas of agreement Non–insulin-dependent strategies may be beneficial inT1DM particularly when there is insulin resistance, but the evidence for benefit at the current time is limited. Although there have been trials with various drugs as adjunctive therapy to insulin in T1DM currently in the UK, there is only one sodium glucose transport protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor with a marketing authorization for use in this indication. Areas of controversy Potential for harm with SGLT2 inhibitors in T1DM is a potential issue, particularly euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis. Clinical trials confirm that there is a risk albeit small, but emerging safety data have led to questions as to whether the risk of euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis is higher with the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in clinical practice. Growing points Patient education is paramount—the work being done in T1DM to ensure safe use of SGLT2 inhibitors may help improve safety in the prescribing of SGLT2 inhibitors in Type 2 diabetes. Areas timely for developing research There is a need for larger clinical trials with SGLT2 inhibitors in T1DM and real world studies to clarify safety.
Fungi on Juncus roemerianus. 17. New ascomycetes and the hyphomycete genus Kolletes gen. nov.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Three new fungi are described from the halophyte, Juncus roemerianus, an endemic species in saltmarshes of the United States east coast. Pseudohalonectria halophila sp. nov. is an obligate marine fungus, whereas Phaeosphaeria anchiala sp. nov. is facultative, and Kolletes undulatus gen. et sp. nov. a terrestrial, but halotolerant hyphomycete. The taxonomic classification of P. anchiala in Phaeosphaeria is supported by phylogenetic analysis of the SSU and ITS region of the rDNA.
THE TRANSFORMATION OF PNEUMOCOCCAL TYPES

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

R forms of Pneumococcus may be converted into S forms of the homologous Type. In addition to the methods previously reported,—(1) animal passage and (2) growth in anti-R sera,—conversion may be effected by the following procedures as employed by Griffith; (1) The subcutaneous injection, in white mice, of large amounts of living R organisms. (2) The subcutaneous injection, in white mice, of small amounts of living R organisms together with the heat-killed bacteria from large amounts of homologous S cultures. There are "varying degrees of constancy of the R variant"; but by these means it has been possible to effect conversion of all R forms selected. Attempts to cause a further "degradation" of R organisms by continued growth in homologous immune serum have been unsuccessful. Type II S and III S vaccines are equally effective in producing conversion when heated for 15' at 60°C., or for 15' at 100°C. Type I S vaccine, however, while effective in causing conversion when heated for 15' at 60°C., apparently loses this property when heated for 15' at 100°C. R vaccines, and vaccines of other organisms, when injected together with live R cultures, have always failed to produce conversion. The causes responsible for conversion under these experimental conditions are discussed and the possibility of the occurrence of a similar process under natural conditions in human beings is indicated.
Random barrier height model for phase shifted conductivity in perovskites

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A large dielectric permittivity peak which occurs at low frequency and high temperature in many perovskite crystals and ceramics, and an associated difference in dc and ac conductivity, is attributed to phase shifted conductivity resulting from mobility barriers of different heights. A model is developed which has intrinsic barriers, and higher and more widely spaced extrinsic barriers, and special cases are examined. Model predictions show good agreement with experimental results of Stumpe, Wagner, and Bäuerle for an SrTiO3 single crystal 1.02 mm thick. The additional peaks seen by them at higher temperature for a crystal 0.24 mm thick are qualitatively accounted for by adding a third set of still higher barriers with spacing equal to the crystal thickness. Key Words: Perovskitesconductivitydielectric permittivity
Boundary crossing probability for Brownian motion

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Wang and Pötzelberger (1997) derived an explicit formula for the probability that a Brownian motion crosses a one-sided piecewise linear boundary and used this formula to approximate the boundary crossing probability for general nonlinear boundaries. The present paper gives a sharper asymptotic upper bound of the approximation error for the formula, and generalizes the results to two-sided boundaries. Numerical computations are easily carried out using the Monte Carlo simulation method. A rule is proposed for choosing optimal nodes for the approximating piecewise linear boundaries, so that the corresponding approximation errors of boundary crossing probabilities converge to zero at a rate of O (1/ n 2 ).
Reports Descriptive (141)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This publication was written for therapists and their supervisors who may want to implement the adolescent community reinforcement approach intervention, which was one of the five interventions tested by the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment&apos;s (CSAT&apos;s) Cannabis Youth Treatment (CYT) Project. The CYT Project provided funding to support a study that tested the effectiveness of five interventions designed to reduce or eliminate marijuana use and associated problems in adolescents. Although information is.still emerging about adolescent treatment effectiveness, there is considerable tension between efforts to develop short, cost-effective treatments and findings that 50 percent or more of adolescents relapse to marijuana or alcohol use within the first 3 months after discharge. There are, however, several promising options for improving treatment effectiveness that focus on motivational enhancement, relapse prevention, problem solving, coping strategies, case management, family support, family therapy, and
Detecting exercise-induced fatigue using thermal imaging and deep learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Fatigue has adverse effects in both physical and cognitive abilities. Hence, automatically detecting exercise-induced fatigue is of importance, especially in order to assist in the planning of effort and resting during exercise sessions. Thermal imaging and facial analysis provide a mean to detect changes in the human body unobtrusively and in variant conditions of pose and illumination. In this context, this paper proposes the automatic detection of exercise-induced fatigue using thermal cameras and facial images, analyzing them using deep convolutional neural networks. Our results indicate that classification of fatigued individuals is possible, obtaining an accuracy that reaches over 80% when utilizing single thermal images.
Inflammation and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OXIDATION ACTIVITY IN READY-TO-EAT ORANGES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Blood oranges present suitable characteristics for preparation as ready-to-eat products. During shelf-life, such produce could be susceptible to quality degradation due to the action of some enzymes, among which polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and ascorbate oxidase (AAO), considered as two markers of oxidation and reduction of anthocyanins and ascorbic acid. PPO activity was very low, probably due to the low pH of oranges; furthermore, it was noticed that the decrease of phenols and anthocyanins content did not have a statistically significant relation with PPO activity course during storage. Otherwise, AAO activity was very high and correlated.to the decrease of vitamin C content. Nevertheless, such decrease did not exceed 20-30% of the initial ascorbic acid content.