jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A study on estimation of 3-dimensional surface roughness of boring processes including kinematic motion deviations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The surface roughness is one of the most important characteristics of machined parts. A systematic method is proposed in the paper to simulate the shape generation processes in the boring operations and to estimate the surface roughness of the generated faces, based on the machining parameters. The simulation model includes both the models of the shape generation motions considering kinematic motion deviations and the cutting tool geometries. The shape generation motions with deviations are mathematically described by 4 by 4 transformation matrices. A set of points on the bored holes are generated through the simulations, and an assessment surface is obtained as the datum reference to estimate the 2-dimensional (2D) and the 3-dimensional (3D) surface roughness, based on the points generated by the boring process simulations. The proposed method provides us with a systematic method to estimate the surface roughness in the boring processes including the kinematic motion deviations.
Influence of substrate impurity concentration on sub-threshold swing of Si n-channel MOSFETs at cryogenic temperatures down to 4 K

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The sub-threshold swing (SS) of Si n-MOSFETs is experimentally and systematically evaluated in a temperature range of 4–300 K with varying the substrate impurity concentration ( N sub ) from ~10 16 to ~10 18 cm −3 , to obtain a physical understanding of SS at cryogenic temperatures. It is clarified that the temperature and drain current dependencies of SS in n-MOSFETs are well represented by a model composed of mobile tail states and localized interface states, irrespective of N sub . The densities of these states are found to increase with increasing N sub . A physical origin of band tail states is studied by experimentally examining the impact of substrate bias on these states, which can separate the effects of the N sub and the surface electric field. It has been clarified, as a result, that the band tail states can be explained by the impurity-induced model.
Portopulmonar hypertension: Is there something new?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Portopulmonary hypertension (POPH) is a rare and life-threatening complication in patients with portal hypertension, with a prevalence of 3 -8%.It is characterized by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and results from obstruction to arterial flow in the pulmonary arterial bed, leading to the progressive deterioration of both the pulmonary circulation due to arterial remodeling and of the heart, as a result of right ventricular failure.Its diagnosis is based on hemodynamic findings based on a mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) ≥ 25mmHg, an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) > 3 Wood Units or > 240 dynes/s/cm -5 , a pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) ≤ 15mmHg or an elevated transpulmonary gradient (mPAP -PAOP: > 12 mmHg).Right heart catheterization (RHC) should be appropriately interpreted since management and MELD exception criteria depend on it.Although most therapeutic modalities have been inferred from patients with PAH, currently, new treatments are available and also various POPH clinical trials are ongoing, so further research data will soon be available.LT is a pivotal therapeutic option, but LT candidates require careful monitoring before, during and after the procedure.
The potential of SEA in fostering sustainable rural development

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

As a major user of the soil, agriculture shapes the rural territory which is the outcome of the interplay between the environment and socio-economic variables. From an environmental perspective, agriculture has always contributed to the creation and the safeguarding of a great variety of semi-natural habitat. Agriculture therefore plays a fundamental role in preserving the equilibrium of the territory but the existing ties between the wealth of the natural environment and agricultural practice are complex. Agricultural practice can also negatively affect natural resources, particularly when is practiced in residual territories which have ‘escaped’ from the devouring impetuosity of the urban sprawl: in these sites the soil is inevitably impoverished and needs much greater use of fertilizers and pesticides and a greater quantity of water, to increase its productive ability. The consequence of failure in this regard is irreversible damage to atmosphere, water, biodiversity and landscape. In this paper we reflect on the interplay between agriculture and environment by discussing the role of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) in contributing to more sustainable agriculture. We do that by presenting the case study of the SEA of the Rural Development Program of the Piedmont Region, Italy. In section 2 we provide an overview of the European Union's agricultural policy; in section 3 we present the case study and highlight two issues seen as particularly interesting in relation to the role and potential of SEA; in section 4 main conclusions are drawn and future research perspectives are put forward. 2- Agricultural policy of the European Union: resources and strategies for a sustainable rural development The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is one of the main policies of the European Union (EU). It stresses the importance of agriculture as a driver to improve the environmental and socio-economic development of rural areas. The EU Rural Development Regulation provides Member States with a framework to target funding from the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, through the elaboration of specific programs - Rural Development Programs (RDP) - for the period 2007 to 2013. RDP are articulated in three main axes:
Potential drugs for elimination of acute lymphatic leukemia cells from autologous bone marrow.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Five drugs, selected because of minimal in vivo myelotoxicity, have been investigated for inhibition of the growth of three acute lymphatic leukemia-derived cell lines. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (GM-CFU) inhibition with these five drugs after 60-min incubation was first established. Drug concentrations giving up to 90% kill of GM-CFU were then used. Spirogermanium and L-asparaginase did not have an effect on any of the three cell lines under the culture conditions tested, while 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC) and vincristine inhibited the growth of all three cell lines tested, and bleomycin inhibited the growth of two cell lines. In addition to 4-HC, bleomycin and vincristine should be considered as possible agents in eliminating leukemic cells from autologous marrow grafts. These drugs also deserve further investigation in clonal systems.
Building Cham Vietnamese electronic dictionary

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Cham people in Vietnam are closely related to other Austronesian people. They speak familiar with the language used as others Malay group but differ in their written language. Cham Script was founded on stone stele in 4th century and the Cham are still using this script system. To ensure preservation of Cham language, this study intends to develop Cham electronic dictionary application product in order to lookup Cham and Vietnamese. The framework of dictionary development includes three components; data, database and evaluation, learning environment design and application products. ADDIE model was employed in the whole development process. Questionnaire with a scale from 1to 5 is used to measure the evaluation of Cham electronic dictionary, six proposed features of the dictionary were fully agreed on by 70 respondents of Cham people, and seven experts (academic) to evaluate with result has achieved 94.29%. This product is suitable and useful for schools, institutions, and training organization in assisting teaching and learning Cham language. This is a Web based dictionary open to world wide access.
Design of off-axis arranged light-emitting diodes and dual dichroic mirrors based color mixing system for micro-projection display

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A simple but efficient color mixing system for micro-projection display is presented in this paper, which has employed off-axis arranged LEDs and specifically designed dichroic mirrors in order to achieve higher optical efficiency and a better space utilization ratio compared with previous systems. The design method of the dual-dichroic-mirror (DDM) system is investigated both analytically and numerically. The design results are consistent with the theoretical calculation, and the advantages of the proposed DDM system are obvious. Compared with traditional systems that are commonly used in micro-projectors, the DDM system has indicated a much higher collection efficiency (up to 93.36%) with a significantly reduced size of 1.47 cc. Equipped with the DDM system, the designed micro-projector has realized an energy utilization ratio of 76.92% and an irradiance uniformity of 96.59% with an ultra-compact volume of 28.8 mm×28.1 mm×10 mm, which is competent for embedded projection display. It is believed that such a design has good prospects in commercialized production in the future.
Adapting to climate change for food security in the Rift Valley dry lands of Ethiopia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Studies on climate impacts and related adaptation strategies are becoming increasingly important to counteract the negative impacts of climate change. In Ethiopia, climate change is likely to affect crop yields negatively and therefore food security. However, quantitative evidence is lacking about the ability of farm-level adaptation options to offset the negative impacts of climate change and to improve food security. The MarkSim Global Climate Model weather generator was used to generate projected daily rainfall and temperature data originally taken from the ECHAM5 general circulation model and ensemble mean of six models under high (A2) and low (B1) emission scenarios. The FAO AquaCrop model was validated and subsequently used to predict maize yields and explore three adaptation options: supplemental irrigation (SI), increasing plant density and changing sowing date. The maximum level of maize yield was obtained when the second level of supplemental irrigation (SI2), which is the application of irrigation water when the soil water depletion reached 75% of the total available water in the root zone, is combined with 30 000 plants/ha plant density. It was also found that SI has a marginal effect in good rainfall years but using 94–111 mm of SI can avoid total crop failure in drought years. Hence, SI is a promising option to bridge dry spells and improve food security in the Rift Valley dry lands of Ethiopia. Expected longer dry spells during the shorter rainy season (Belg) in the future are likely to further reduce maize yield. This predicted lower maize production is only partly compensated by the expected increase in CO 2 concentration. However, shifting the sowing period of maize from the current Belg season (mostly April or May) to the first month of the longer rainy season (Kiremt) (June) can offset the predicted yield reduction. In general, the present study showed that climate change will occur and, without adaptation, will have negative effects. Use of SI and shifting sowing dates are viable options for adapting to the changes, stabilizing or increasing yield and therefore improving food security for the future.
Strategic Human Resources Management in Innovative Firms

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is; to reveal the necessity of addressing the human resources practices of innovative companies which are the locomotives of the technological industry from the perspective of strategic human resources management. In this context, first of all, innovative organizations are tried to be conveyed within the framework of their own defining characteristics in the conditions of the market, which is the basis of their pursuit of sustainable competitive advantage and innovation. Then, the conceptual framework of strategic human resources management was transferred. In the third step, a hypothetical model was put under the title of strategic human resources management in innovative firms underlining the strategic human resource management issues that are in harmony with the defining characteristics of innovative firms.
Impact of the COVID-19 on Higher Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The COVID-19 outbreak has a considerable impact on all business domains worldwide, almost with negative consequences. The digital transformation was already a requirement for all governments and institutions that this pandemic has accelerated to solve the confinement and the limitations to work and share the same spaces. Face-to-face higher education institutions moved towards an urgent and unplanned online teaching. After having closed one of the processes that has had the most significant impact on universities, the time has come to reflect and draw conclusions that will serve to face these institutions' future. A crisis always represents risks but also opportunities to change from a disruptive situation. This chapter reflects universities' futures from a strengths-weaknesses-opportunities-threats approach with the perspective of the experiences lived during the end of the 2019-2020 academic year by some face-to-face universities in Spain.
MENTAL HEALTH AMBULATORY: WEAKNESSES POINTED OUT BY PROFESSIONALS

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify the weaknesses of the mental health ambulatory service from the professionals' perspective. This was a qualitative study, developed by the Fourth Generation Evaluation method. Data were collected during February and March 2013 with the use of non-participant observation, individual opened interviews and group technique for the negotiation session. The informants were 12 working professionals at the ambulatory. The results pointed out weaknesses in the organizational structure of the healthcare network in mental health, especially regarding accessibility, physical structure and the presence of extensive waiting list for care. Regarding human resources, issues included: ignorance of the operation of the mental health network and of the activities performed, medical turnover, deficiency in training and continuous education and professional devaluation. It is necessary to reflect on the real role of ambulatories within the mental health network and its effectiveness in providing care.
Ellis—van Creveld Syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ellis—van Creveld syndrome is a rare, singlegene genetic congenital skeletal disorder. It is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder, which means that both parents must carry the gene for the child to be affected. It involves abnormalities of multiple body systems, including teeth, nails, hair, lungs, and liver, and approximately 50% of affected patients will have major heart defects. There is short-limbed dwarfism, with the extremities being disproportionate with the trunk, this being more apparent in the lower limbs. Postaxial polydactyly, or extra digits in the hands, is seen in virtually 100% of those individuals affected with Ellis—van Creveld. Despite the advances in sonography, the prenatal diagnosis of a specific skeletal dysplasia remains very difficult and often can only be made after birth or termination of the pregnancy.
Transcatheter Embolization of a Ruptured Superior Gluteal Artery Aneurysm: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To report the successful coil embolization of a true gluteal artery aneurysm and review therapeutic options for this rare condition. Methods and Results: A ruptured superior gluteal artery aneurysm in a symptomatic 80-year-old man was successfully thrombosed by embolization using a combination of Gianturco coils and helical platinum microcoils. Six-month computed tomography demonstrated persistent thrombosis of the aneurysm and resolution of the perivascular blood. Conclusions: This report offers support for the use of catheter-based techniques as an alternative to standard surgical repair of gluteal artery aneurysms.
Evaluation of buckwheat genetic resources in Slovenia within the ECOBREED project

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Publication and supplementary data: Data related to the publication in Fagopyrum 40 (2):67-76: field evaluation data (seed weight, plant height, protein content) and concentrations of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of 17 buckwheat genetic resources and 6 commercial varieties tested in two years (2020 & 2021) in Slovenia.
Meat and Heterocyclic Amine Intake, Smoking, NAT1 and NAT2 Polymorphisms, and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the Multiethnic Cohort Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background: N-acetyltransferases (NAT) 1 and 2 are polymorphic enzymes catalyzing the metabolic activation of heterocyclic amines. We investigated the modifying effects of NAT1 and NAT2 polymorphisms on the association of meat consumption, heterocyclic amine intake, and smoking with colorectal cancer risk. Method: In the Multiethnic Cohort study, participants completed a smoking history and a food-frequency questionnaire at recruitment and a cooked meat module 5 years later to estimate heterocyclic amine intake (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline, 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline). Blood samples were collected from incident cases and age-, sex-, ethnicity-, frequency-matched controls to determine genotypes. For analysis of meat intake and smoking, data were available for 1,009 cases and 1,522 controls; for heterocyclic amine intake analyses, 398 cases and 1,444 controls were available. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios. Results: Smoking was associated with an increased colorectal cancer risk (odds ratio, 1.51; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-1.95) for ≥30 pack-years compared with never smokers (P trend = 0.0004). The association was stronger with presence of the “rapid” compared with the “slow/intermediate” NAT2 genotype (P interaction = 0.003). No significant associations were observed for intakes of red meat, processed meat, and heterocyclic amine, or meat doneness preference, but a dietary pattern high in meat showed a weak positive interaction with the NAT2 genotype (P interaction = 0.05). Conclusion: The enhanced association between smoking and colorectal cancer risk in subjects with the NAT2 rapid genotype supports a role for NAT2 and tobacco smoke heterocyclic amines in the etiology of colorectal cancer. This study only provides weak support for a similar association with meat heterocyclic amines. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(7):2098–106)
A SOA Approach to Improve Performance of Metal Additive Manufacturing Simulation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes are very complex and the process parameters required to fabricate quality parts can be very complicated and challenging to determine. For this reason, there is a continuous demand for AM simulations which can assist users to determine optimal process parameters in a timely manner. However, current commercial simulation packages are expensive and not designed with AM processes in mind, which makes it challenging to simulate an AM process. In addition, they are computationally intensive and usually require some high performance computing (HPC) system to run effectively. Besides, they take relatively more time, usually from several days to months, to simulate an AM process. This paper presents additive manufacturing simulator (AMS), a simulation tool built specifically with AM processes in mind, to address the challenges with current AM simulation tools. AMS is based on a three-tier client-server architecture, coupled with service oriented architecture's (SOA) publication and subscription model. It has the ability to scale to utilize available computational resources and automatically balances computational resources among multiple processors. Compared with current AM simulation systems, AMS improves performance of AM simulation considerably and can run on not only HPC systems, but also low-cost desktop computers.
3D visual correlation model for wireless visual sensor networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Wireless visual sensor networks comprise a large number of camera-equipped sensor devices and obtain visual information from field of interest. In a Wireless visual sensor network, there exist visual correlation characteristics among images observed by cameras with overlapped field of views. To describe those characteristics, the conventional method is based on image processing. However, it is too complex to be applied to cameras in resource-constrained wireless visual sensor networks. In this paper, based on 3D sensing model and coordinate transformation theory, a novel 3D visual correlation model is designed to exploit the correlation characteristics among cameras for spatial wireless visual sensor networks. The designed model, of which a visual correlation function was proposed, and then a 3D visual correlation coefficient algorithm is derived. Experimental results demonstrated that the designed model can accurately model the visual correlation characteristics and the proposed 3D visual correlation coefficient algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms.
Ag(i)-catalyzed diastereoselective oxidative cyclopropanation of prochiral alkyne-tethered 1,3-dicarbonitriles

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Herein, we developed a highly diastereoselective silver-catalyzed intramolecular cyclopropanation of prochiral alkyne-tethered 1,3-dicarbonitriles using perchloric acid as an effective oxidizing agent.
Sustainable Urban Development Strategy for Batu City,East Java Provinsi, Indonesia

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Urbanization problems and sustainable development has become global issues and got a lot of attention from stakeholders in various countries. Indonesia as developing country faces their significant problem in urban management complexity. The city government take the real impact of development problems that increasingly difficult to control. Batu city is the youngest autonomous city in East Java province, Indonesia, located in the upper Brantas river and has steep slope topography. Since its establishment, Batu City has experienced the rapid economic and population growth whict allegedly also cause the increase of environmental degradation.
The purpose of this research is to analyze the sustainability index value of ecological, economic, socio-cultural, infrastructure and institutional dimensision in assessing the development sustainability status of Batu city using Multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis, analyzing the sensitive attributes of sustainability dimensions using leverage analysis and develop the strategies in sustainable urban development using SWOT analysis. The results showed that the development sustainability status of Batu city, the ecological dimension in the category of less sustainable (46.90 %), the economic dimension is sustainable enough (56.52 %), the social dimensionis sustainable enuogh (60.40 %), the infrastructure dimension is sustainable enough (63.31 %), and the institutional dimensions in sustainable enough (72.68 %). Attributes that affect the sustainability status assessment in terms of the ecological dimension are water quality, air quality and biodiversity; in the review of the economic dimension are investment growth, price stability and tourism visitation; while from socio-cultural dimension are porverty, health and security; in terms of the dimensions of infrastructure are public sanitation , affordable hause and clean water pipeline; and the institutional dimension are development planning, information systems and local apparatus.