jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Disaster neurology

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Headlines are filled with stories of the physical disability and loss of life that results from both natural and man-made disasters. The role of a neurologist as part of the response to these tragedies has moved from a supportive role to the front line. Recent earthquakes in Haiti and Japan as well as military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have demonstrated an increased need for nonsurgical neurologic care. Disaster neurology has become attractive to neurologists at many stages of their careers. Employed, academic, and private practice neurologists all have the potential to embrace this opportunity to apply their clinical skills to help others in need of care. Neurologists interested in engaging in disaster relief efforts should have the ability to respond to a situation quickly with the flexibility of devoting several weeks to the response effort.
Channel Estimation for One-Bit Multiuser Massive MIMO Using Conditional GAN

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Channel estimation is a challenging task, especially in a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with one-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADC). Traditional deep learning (DL) methods, that learn the mapping from inputs to real channels, have significant difficulties in estimating accurate channels because their loss functions are not well designed and investigated. In this paper, a conditional generative adversarial networks (cGAN) is developed to predict more realistic channels by adversarially training two DL networks. cGANs not only learn the mapping from quantized observations to real channels but also learn an adaptive loss function to correctly train the networks. Numerical results show that the proposed cGAN based approach outperforms existing DL methods and achieves high robustness in massive MIMO systems.
Evaluation of some physical fitness characteristics at age 11 to 13

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Many studies indicate that an adequate physical fitness is an important marker for a healthy body and a healthy mind. The aim of the study was investigate the level of physical fitness of students aged 11-13. Depending on the results, we will determine the type of measures to propose in order to improve the obtained data. 251 volunteer students participated in this research, including 95 boys and 156 girls aged 11 to 13, who participated in the physical education class two times a week. Subjects underwent six anthropometric characteristics and five physical tests. For the statistical analysis the mean, standard deviation, and multiple comparisons were used in order to find the differences between genders, using Anova and Bonferoni Test for differences between certain age groups. Anthropometric measurements included height, weight, arm span, waist, hip, body mass index and physical testing as agility, balance and strength. The findings suggest some differences between male and female subjects, as well as between age groups, namely boys obtained higher mean results compared to girls.
Establishment and Application of Forming Limit Diagram of Multi-Gauge Laser Tailor-Welded Blanks

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The method for establishing the forming limit diagram (FLD) of multi-gauge high strength steel laser tailor-welded blanks (LTWB) is introduced based on analyzing the failure mechanism of multi-gauge LTWB. The Nakazima test is performed to generate the limit strain of multi-gauge high strength steel LTWB. By means of the ARGUS strain measuring system, the limit strain is measured and the FLD of LTWB is plotted subsequently. The FLD established by the Nakazima test is introduced into the FEA forming process as the failure criteria. Compared with the predicted result of the FLD of thinner metal, better correlation between the simulation and experimental results is indicated by adopting the FLD of LTWB as the necking criteria, which also reveals the validity and practicability of the FLD research method for multi-gauge high strength steel LTWB.
Separation of human myeloma cells from bone marrow aspirates in multiple myeloma and their proliferation and M-protein secretion in vitro

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Human myeloma cells were purified from bone marrow aspirates from patients with multiple myeloma (MM) by Percoll discontinuous density- gradient centrifugation, E rosette formation and treatment with antimyelomonocytic antibody (Leu M1), plus complement. Thus, the purified cell fraction consisted of greater than 90% myeloma cells, even when as little as 15% myeloma cells were contained in bone marrow mononuclear cell fraction, determined by morphological and immunologic examinations. With highly purified myeloma cells from 29 patients with IgG type MM, biologic characteristics such as spontaneous proliferation (3H-TdR uptake) and M-protein secretion rate in vitro were evaluated. Both activities varied among patients within stage I and III, and a 3H- TdR uptake of 255–24, 132 cpm/4 x 10(4) cells, and an M-protein secretion rate of 9 to 72 pg/cell/day, respectively, were recorded. However, in each patient, there was no correlation between 3H-TdR uptake and M-protein secretion rate. These results thus suggest that 3H- TdR uptake and M-protein secretion rate of highly purified myeloma cells are independent biologic parameters, not associated with the clinical stages, and the purification of myeloma cells we describe can contribute to further studies on the biologic characteristics and to understanding of the pathophysiology involved in MM.
Additional file 1 of A comparative analysis of cycle threshold (Ct) values from Cobas4800 and AmpFire HPV assay for triage of women with positive hrHPV results

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Additional file 1: Supplementary table 1. Ct values for specific HPV genotype among different grades of cervical lesions. Supplementary table 2. Distribution of CIN2+ and CIN3+ in low-Ct HPV positive and high-Ct HPV positive women according to different classification methods (n=446)
Behaviour of the interface between concrete and FRP using serial/parallel mixing theory

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Experimental research has shown that one of the key factors affecting the behaviour of reinforced concrete structures strengthened with externally-bonded fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) is the bonding behaviour between concrete and FRP laminates. As a complement to experimentation, this paper proposed the use of serial/parallel mixing theory in numerical simulation, which is a tool for studying the behaviour of the concrete-FRP epoxy interface. An example is presented which analyses beam test simulation results and compares them with the experimental results.
CRITICAL MITRAL STENOSIS: A RARE PRESENTATION OF PEDIATRIC RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) continue to be a major health hazard in most developing countries.Paediatric and juvenile mitral stenosis (MS), upto the age of 12 and 20yr respectively, severe enough to require operative treatment was documented.These negate the belief that patients of RHD become symptomatic ≥20 years after RF as well as the fact that congestive cardiac failure in childhood indicates active carditis and RF.
When Large Language Models Meet Vector Databases: A Survey

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This survey explores the synergistic potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vector Databases (VecDBs), a burgeoning but rapidly evolving research area. With the proliferation of LLMs comes a host of challenges, including hallucinations, outdated knowledge, prohibitive commercial application costs, and memory issues. VecDBs emerge as a compelling solution to these issues by offering an efficient means to store, retrieve, and manage the high-dimensional vector representations intrinsic to LLM operations. Through this nuanced review, we delineate the foundational principles of LLMs and VecDBs and critically analyze their integration's impact on enhancing LLM functionalities. This discourse extends into a discussion on the speculative future developments in this domain, aiming to catalyze further research into optimizing the confluence of LLMs and VecDBs for advanced data handling and knowledge extraction capabilities.
Cerium as a quantum state probe for rare-earth qubits in a crystal

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Rare-earth ions doped into a transparent crystal can have optically excited states with coherence times of milliseconds and hyperfine levels with coherence times of hours when cooled down to liquid helium temperatures. This makes them attractive for developing quantum computing hardware. A quantum transistor can be implemented in a rare-earth-ion-doped crystal by utilizing a dipole blockade effect, where one excited ion prevents nearby ions from being excited. By using single rare-earth ions as qubits, the quantum processor is believed to be scalable to several qubits. In this thesis a readout mechanism for qubits represented by single ions (Eu or Pr) in a Y2SiO5 crystal is explored. A single cerium ion, in the same crystal as the qubits, could potentially be used as an indicator ion for non-demolition quantum state detection of the qubits. Cerium has a strong transition with high fluorescence yield which makes it possible to detect single ions. A cerium ion can be controlled by a qubit via the dipole blockade effect, and fluoresce if the qubit is in state |1> but stay dark if the qubit is in state |0>. Relevant spectroscopic properties of Ce:Y2SiO5 are studied, as well as interactions between cerium ions and qubit ions. The inhomogeneous and homogeneous linewidth of the Ce:Y2SiO5 4f-5d transition is measured and fluorescence spectra for ions in site 1 and site 2 are characterized. The change in electric dipole moment as a cerium ion is brought to the excited state is measured. The static dipole interaction between a single cerium ion and a qubit ion is shown to be strong enough for efficient qubit readout. Energy transfer from cerium to qubit ions is investigated. A lower bound on the cerium-qubit distance is found in order to avoid energy transfer. Satellite lines belonging to cerium-qubit pairs are mapped out. A microscope set-up is built to detect single ions in a crystal. Single ion detection is believed to be within reach.
Sociology of Science: A Critical Canadian Introduction

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

LIST OF BOXES, FIGURES, AND TABLES PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS CHAPTER 1: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND THE SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN CANADIAN SOCIETY SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND THE SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION THE IDEA AND IDEAL OF MODERN SCIENCE THE IDEA OF MODERN SCIENCE THE IDEAL OF MODERN SCIENCE SOCIOLOGICAL CRITIQUES OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY WE HAVE NEVER BEEN MODERN SCIENCE NEVER REPLACED RELIGION SCIENCE HAS NEVER BEEN PURE SUMMARY KEY TERMS CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS SUGGESTED READINGS WEBSITES AND FILMS CHAPTER 2: SCIENCE IS SOCIAL RELATIONS: PART I THE SCIENCE WARS SCIENTIFIC REALISM AND ANTI-REALISM SOCIALLY CONSTRUCTED MATTERS OF FACT WHY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ARE SOCIAL THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY THOUGHT COLLECTIVES, PARADIGMS, AND NORMAL SCIENCE ALL SCIENCE IS SOCIAL EVERYTHING IS SOCIAL RELATIONS, BUT NOT EVERYTHING IS HUMAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY MANGLES HUMANS AND OTHER ENTITIES SUMMARY KEY TERMS CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS SUGGESTED READINGS WEBSITES AND FILMS CHAPTER 3: SCIENCE IS SOCIAL RELATIONS: PART II INTRODUCTION QUANTUM WEIRDNESS LIFE ITSELF SUMMARY CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS SUGGESTED READINGS WEBSITES AND FILMS CHAPTER 4: HOW SCIENCE IS SOCIAL INTRODUCTION THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD HOW SOCIOLOGISTS STUDY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STUDYING SCIENTISTS STUDYING LABORATORIES SUMMARY KEY TERMS CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS SUGGESTED READINGS WEBSITES AND FILMS CHAPTER 5: SCIENCE AND/AS POWER INTRODUCTION POLITICAL ECONOMIES OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FEMINIST SCIENCE STUDIES WOMEN AS PRODUCERS OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE WOMEN AND KNOWLEDGE WOMEN AND THE ENVIRONMENT WOMEN AND TECHNOLOGY SEX DIFFERENCES AND THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE THE SEPARATION OF NATURE AND CULTURE RACIALIZED, INDIGENOUS, AND ANTI-RACIST SCIENCE STUDIES RE-THINKING THE BIOLOGY OF RACE RACE, GENES, AND HEALTH THE HUMAN GENOME DIVERSITY PROJECT INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES (DIS)ABILITY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STUDIES SUMMARY KEY TERMS CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS SUGGESTED READINGS WEBSITES AND FILMS CHAPTER 6: VALUES, TRUST, AND PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT WITH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY GOOD SCIENCE, BAD SCIENCE SCIENCE AND VALUES SCIENCE AND TRUST PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE AND KNOWLEDGE TRANSLATION SCIENTIFIC CONTROVERSIES KNOWLEDGE MOBILIZATION AND CITIZEN SCIENCE KEY TERMS SUMMARY CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS SUGGESTED READINGS WEBSITES AND FILMS NOTES GLOSSARY REFERENCES INDEX
Perturbation Results and Monotone Iterative Technique for Fractional Evolution Equations

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We mainly study the fractional evolution equation in an ordered Banach space X , 1 < α < 2, u (0) = x ∈ X , u ′ (0) = θ . Using the monotone iterative technique based on lower and upper solutions, the existence and uniqueness results are obtained. The necessary perturbation results for accomplishing this approach are also developed.
Feasibility of textural analysis and very-low-field magnetic resonance for imaging Nipah virus infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our study focuses on textural analysis of high field and low field MR images and its validation through simulation. We acquired MR images of three NHPs at 3T injected with NiV and simulated them into low field to perform texture analysis for different neuroanatomies. The low field simulation was done by changing contrast, resolution and SNR. The validation of low field simulation was performed by scanning phantom at 3T and 0.05T and passing the data though low field simulator. Results showed four out of 14 textural features had similar changes in 2 NHPs.
Parametric Analysis of the Propagation of Uncertainties in Sorption Measurements Made with a Pressure-Decay Apparatus

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT The general formulation for the propagation of statistical uncertainties is presented for the dual volume pressure decay method of measuring sorption capacity in polymers and other solid sorbents. These relationships are then used to determine the percent uncertainty in the calculated sorption coefficient (or capacity) with respect to ranges of values for several parameters that relate to choices in equipment design and operating conditions, and properties of the sorbent. These parameters include the ratio of system volumes, the relative volume of the sorbent, the accuracy and resolution of the sensors, the operating pressure, and the nominal sorption capacity of the sorbent. This analysis provides guidance for determining the uncertainty in the calculated sorption capacity and minimizing that uncertainty within whatever logistical and resource constraints may exist.
Integrated Selectivity for Narrow-Band FM IF Systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An 18th-order all-pole continuous-time bandpass filter for IF filtering purposes has been designed and integrated in a 3 μm CMOS process. Implemented using nine fully-balanced, transconductor-capacitor coupled resonators, the filter features 20 kHz bandwidth at 200 kHz center frequency, 54 dB dynamic range (IM3 <; -40 dB) and consumes 300 μA from a single 4 V supply.
Calculation of crop climatic potential productivity in Heilongjiang Province

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The agricultural climatic productivity potential of three main crops(rice,maize and soybean) for all the counties in Heilongjiang Province was calculated.Meanwhile the stabilities of crop climatic productivity potential for all counties were calculated and analyzed.The results showed that there were significant difference in photosynthesis-temperature and climatic productivity potentials among different locations due to the large latitude span of Heilongjiang Province.Photosynthesis-temperature and climatic productivity potentials increased from the North to the South significantly.The larger climatic productivity potential,the smaller variation,and the smaller climatic productivity potential,the larger variation.
How does the promotion of fast fashion through influencer marketing on Instagram impact Millennial’s purchase intentions, from an Irish female Millennial perspective?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The rise of influencer marketing has changed how brands target consumers, posing the topic of conversation within recent research papers seeking to identify how effective this form of advertising is. While many papers discuss the philosophy and evolution of influencer marketing within the beauty and cosmetics industry, they are limited in their analysis of consumer’s interpretations within a fast fashion context, particularly Irish female Millennial consumers. The recurring issues highlighted in the literature vary from the concepts, components, and antecedents of influencer marketing, occasionally referring to a generalised Millennial. The lacking emphasis on this cohort’s beliefs, perspectives, and opinions in relation to social media influencers (SMIs) and their purchase intentions is evident, particularly from an Irish context. \n \nThis paper bridges a gap pertaining the impacts influencer marketing has on Irish female Millennial’s (IFMs) purchase intentions within a fast fashion context on Instagram. Particular emphasis is shown toward the key drivers of this cohorts purchase intentions, their rationale for relating to SMIs and how this promotion of the fast fashion environment impacts their day-to-day lives. As consumers purchase intentions stem from building a relationship with SMIs, an exploration into their interpretation versus the factual data is emphasized. \n \nSix in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out with active Instagram users with an interest in fashion SMIs, fitting the IFM consumer demographic. Thematic analysis was conducted through an inductive approach to identify salient themes, capturing a true insight into IFM consumers opinions and understanding surrounding the topic. The findings demonstrate the importance of trust and relatability in relation to purchasing SMIs recommendation’s, with a negative perception toward paid advertisements. Despite Millennial’s viewing SMIs publishing paid promotions through a negative lens, the factual data proved this form of advertisement is effective in achieving sales for brands, thus, warranting further research of this topic.
Stability of a cadmium mercury telluride single-crystal structure during thermal conductivity measurements by the laser flash technique

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The thermophysical parameters of a Cd0.2Hg0.8Te single crystal are investigated in the temperature range of 300–503 K. The investigated structure is shown to be stable upon heating to a temperature of 503 K. The decay of the Cd0.2Hg0.8Te phase composition under laser irradiation is established.
Online news analytics based on AI techniques

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Text classification is an important technique in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Using this technology, we can efficiently extract the types of text materials that we are interested in from massive texts, which can greatly improve the efficiency of our work and facilitate our lives. This Dissertation focus on the news classification task of natural disasters. First of all, a news data set with nearly 2000 articles is collected. Then, different Text Representation methods such as Bag of words (BOW), term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) are tested using different classifiers and their classification performance are compared. After that, some deep learning neural network such as CNN, LSTM and Transformer are used to perform classification tasks on the data set collected before and the classification performance of these models are compared. At the same time, the performance of the randomly initialized Word Embeddings, Word2vec, Glove, and Bert pre-trained models on this data set are analyzed and compared. This Dissertation uses python3 and Pytorch deep learning framework for experimental demonstration. Accuracy, precision, recall and f1 score are used as evaluation criteria. The demonstration results show that the Transformer model and the Bert pre-trained model are slightly better than other models for classification tasks on the dataset collected in this dissertation.
Community Transformation and the Formation of Ethnic Capital: Immigrant Chinese Communities in the United States

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In this article, we attempt to develop a conceptual framework of "ethnic capital" in order to examine the dynamics of immigrant communities. Building on the theories of social capital and the enclave economy, we argue that ethnic capital is not a thing but involves interactive processes of ethnic-specific financial capital, human capital, and social capital. We use case studies of century-old Chinatowns and emerging middle-class immigrant Chinese communities in New York and Los Angeles to illustrate how ethnic capital affects community building and transformation, which in turn influence the social mobility of immigrants. We also discuss how developments in contemporary ethnic enclaves challenge the conventional notion of assimilation and contribute to our understanding of immigrant social mobility.
BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND EFFECT OF BACTERIAL BLIGHT ON MICRO AND MACRO NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION IN POMEGRANATE

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Bacterial blight is a serious disease of pomegranate. The disease affects the yield and quality of pomegranate fruits. In this present work, we investigated the biochemical characterization and role of micro and macro nutrients in diseased and healthy leaves of pomegranate. Pathogen was isolated infected leaves, twigs and fruits and grown on different culture media. Different biochemical tests (Gram staining, KOH, catalase, oxidase, starch hydrolysis, gelatin liquefaction) were performed to identify the bacteria. All these tests confirm the presence of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv punicae. Pathogenicity was done in the greenhouse using three different methods (Pin-pricked, infiltration and spray method) and symptoms appeared in 8 days; and infiltration method showed early symptoms compared to the spray and pin prick method. Ionic contents (Nitrogen, Potassium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Calcium, Iron, Boron, Zinc and Copper) are reduced by using these nutrients for the growth, multiplication and survival of pathogenic bacteria. Proper application of these nutrients helps the host plant to improve its physiological and biochemical development and resistance to bacterial blight disease in pomegranate.
[Effects of cadmium on rice seed germination].

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

With 319 rice varieties as test objects, this paper studied the effects of cadmium on their seed germination. The results showed that after treated with 10 mg x L(-1) of Cd2+, seed germination rate was less affected, but root growth was restrained evidently. Cadmium had more serious impact on root than on sprout. Different rice varieties had different germination responses to Cd2+, with the sequence of conventional rice (Japonica rice) > hybrid rice (Indianica rice) > conventional rice (Indianica rice). The root length and number of two-line sterilities were restrained more strongly than those of three-line sterilities. Based on their responses to Cd2+, the test 319 varieties were clustered into 3 types, i.e., endurant type, medium type, and sensitive type.