jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Expected Tensor Decomposition with Stochastic Gradient Descent

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this study, we investigate expected CP decomposition — a special case of CP decomposition in which a tensor to be decomposed is given as the sum or average of tensor samples X(t) for t = 1,...,T. To determine this decomposition, we develope stochastic-gradient-descent-type algorithms with four appealing features: efficient memory use, ability to work in an online setting, robustness of parameter tuning, and simplicity. Our theoretical analysis show that the solutions do not diverge to infinity for any initial value or step size. Experimental results confirm that our algorithms significantly outperform all existing methods in terms of accuracy. We also show that they can successfully decompose a large tensor, containing billion-scale nonzero elements.
Employment creation rate by enterprise births, TL3, 2014 (or latest available year)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Future efforts should be concentrated on extending and refining enterprise demography data.The high degree of harmonisation already achieved at the enterprise level will make it possible, in the short to medium term, to build a database of regional business demography encompassing all OECD countries, with the objective of extending the coverage as much as possible to detailed geographies (i.e.small administrative TL3 regions such as departments in France), and of distinguishing employer from non-employer enterprises also for the countries where such distinction is still not possible.
Application of an automated sensor to segment alignment method for IMU-based kinematical joint angle estimation during treadmill cycling

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Kinematical joint analysis during road cycling is a new trend. Reviewing the methods for 2D and 3D lower limb kinematical research, the sensor to segment alignment appeared to be the most challenging part due to unknown orientation with respect to the anatomical joints. A methodology that is suitable for future cycling kinematical research under match conditions, needs to be easy to use and fast. A method suggested by Seel et al. (2012) was found that uses a Newton/Gauss optimization protocol for sensor to segment alignment with arbitrary calibration motions. In this thesis only the methodology for the 2D hinge joint is examined, implemented and tested.
For the 2D joint kinematics, only the IMU’s gyroscope data was used. The accelerometer data was used for synchronization. Magnetometers were excluded due to the chance magnetic field disturbances. In total, nine measurement were performed using two IMU’s. Seven tests were used to test the alignment method using a self-made hinge joint with two segments. This joint-model was also used in the eighth test, which was filmed to test the accuracy of the angular rotation of a mechanical hinge joint. In the ninth and final test, angular joint rotations of a human knee were measured during treadmill cycling and compared to a video reference.
In all tests the Newton/Gauss optimization functioned accordingly and succeeded to find the joint axis direction. For the first six tests, an average of 15 iterations were needed for finding direction the joint axis. The angular rotation test of the mechanical joint showed a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 1.69o and the human knee from the final test a RMSE of 4.3o, which are slightly higher than the results from Seel. The only function from the method that did not reach the hypothesis was the automatic function to determine if the z-axes of the sensors point in the same global direction (sign of the joint axis).
The method shows promising results regarding the estimation of the joint axis direction and the measured angles compared to the video reference. The results may be improved by adding a Kalman filter to remove any drift and white noise and using an optitrack system to set as golden standard instead of 2D video. The function to determine the sign of the joint axis direction should be reviewed in future works.
Power System Development

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Population growth and economic development give rise to increase of energy demand. With current primary energy pattern, the growth in energy consumption will lead to more emissions. The evidence becomes stronger than ever, that the emitted substances can damage human health and the environment and contribute to climate change. These negative impacts are not fully compensated for by the perpetrators and are called externalities. This book provides a description of the integrated assessment model that was used to design scenarios of the future mix of generation and pollution control technologies of Polish power system with external costs taken into account. The new feature of the modelling is that the model considers each boiler of power plants separately. The presented model combines the features of the Impact-Pathway Approach and the Energy-Economic Models. For all those interested in power sector development and its environmental impacts this book is a highly readable introduction to the field of energy and integrated assessment modelling.
GENERALIZED SCALLOP THEOREM FOR LINEAR SWIMMERS

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. In this article, we are interested in studying locomotion strategies for a class of shape-changing bodies swimming in a fluid. This class consists of swimmers subject to a particular linear dynamics, which includes the two most investigated limit models in the literature: swimmers at low and high Reynolds numbers. Our first contribution is to prove that although for these two models the locomotion is based on very different physical principles, their dynamics are similar under symmetry assumptions. Our second contribution is to derive for such swimmers a purely geometric criterion allowing to determine wether a given sequence of shape-changes can result in locomotion. This criterion can be seen as a generalization of Purcell’s scallop theorem (stated in [9]) in the sense that it deals with a larger class of swimmers and address the complete locomotion strategy, extending the usual formulation in which only periodic strokes for low Reynolds swimmers are considered. 1.
Expanding Therapeutic Jurisprudence Across the Federal Judiciary.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A patchwork of drug courts and other problem-solving courts currently exists to divert individuals with mental illness and substance use disorders away from the criminal justice system. We call for a broader implementation of problem-solving courts, particularly at the federal level, that would operate according to the principles of therapeutic jurisprudence (i.e., a framework that aims to maximize the health benefits of judicial and legislative policies and practices). Expanding federal problem-solving courts will better serve individuals with mental illness and substance use disorders in the federal criminal justice system and allow them to benefit from rehabilitation and diversion programs. This effort will also signal that the federal judiciary has recognized the criminal justice system's failure to address inmate mental health care, and that it is willing to institute changes to provide appropriate, evidence-based interventions.
Is default risk the hidden factor in momentum returns? Some empirical results

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Abinzano, I., Muga, L. and Santamaria, R. (2014), Is default risk the hidden factor in momentum returns? Some empirical results. Account Finance, 54: 671–698, which has been published in final form at doi:10.1111/acfi.12021. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Synthesis and polymerization of fluorinated monomers bearing a reactive lateral group. XII. Copolymerization of vinylidene fluoride with 2,3,3‐trifluoroprop‐2‐enol

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract An improved synthesis of 2,3,3‐trifluoroprop‐2‐enol (FA1) and its copolymerization in solution with vinylidene fluoride (VDF, or 1,1‐difluoroethylene) initiated by tert ‐butyl peroxypivalate are presented. A new synthesis of FA1, with NaH and lithium diisopropylamine as bases, from 2,2,3,3‐tetrafluoropropanol is described. A series of nine copolymerization reactions were investigated from initial [VDF] 0 /[FA1] 0 molar ratios of 9.1/90.9 to 94.2/5.8. The copolymer compositions were calculated via 19 F NMR spectroscopy. From the Tidwell–Mortimer method, the reactivity ratios of both comonomers were determined ( r FA1 = 0.11 ± 0.22 and r VDF = 0.83 ± 0.77 at 50°C), and they showed an azeotropic point. Alfrey and Price's Q and e values of FA1 were calculated to be 0.0178 (from Q VDF = 0.008), 0.039 (from Q VDF = 0.015), and 0.275 (from Q VDF = 0.036) and 2.74 (vs e VDF = 1.20), 2.04 (vs e VDF = 0.50), and 1.94 (vs e VDF = 0.4), respectively, and they indicated that FA1 is an electron‐accepting monomer. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 3634–3643, 2002
Formation, Properties, and Germination of Actinomycete Spores

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

INTRODUCTION ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . STREPTOMYCES SPORES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . Structure and Chemical Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Properties of Spores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sporulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Germination of Spores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .... ...... ... .. ... . . .... ... ... . . .... . THERMOACTINOMYCETE SPORES . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . Introduction . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. ... ... . . . . . . . ........ . . Structure and Composition .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Properties .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . .
Enhancing Machine Learning Interpretability through Automated Concept Induction from Incomplete Data using ECII Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

However, with machine learning (ML) models becoming more and more embedded in critical decisions that must be made, interpretability becomes the key feature because we need to ensure transparency and trust in automated systems. Currently, there are no interpretability methods designed to handle complex or incomplete data, which severely restricts their application to real world problems. In this paper, I introduce using the Enhanced Concept Induction from Incomplete Information (ECII) algorithm to enhance the interpretability of ML by introducing automated concept induction. Use of description logic and domain specific background knowledge enables generation of intuitive, human understandable explanations for ML decisions with incomplete data using ECII algorithm. We discuss the algorithm’s methodology, its integration with description logic, and present its application in several domains, and prove that it closes the low between complex ML model outputs and user channel interpretability.
Current Knowledge on Microarray Technology - An Overview

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The completion of whole genome sequencing projects has led to a rapid\nincrease in the availability of genetic information. In the field of\ntranscriptomics, the emergence of microarray-based technologies and the\ndesign of DNA biochips allow high-throughput studies of RNA expression\nin cell and tissue at a given moment. It has emerged as one of the most\nimportant technology in the field of molecular biology and\ntranscriptomics. Arrays of oligonucleotide or DNA sequences are being\nused for genome-wide genotyping and expression profiling, and several\npotential clinical applications have begun to emerge as our\nunderstanding of these techniques and the data they generate improves.\nFrom its emergence to date, several database, software and technology\nupdates have been developed in the field of microarray technology. This\npaper reviews basics and updates of each microarray technology and\nserves to introduce newly compiled resources that will provide\nspecialist information in this area.
Effects of ingesting protein with various forms of carbohydrate following resistance-exercise on substrate availability and markers of anabolism, catabolism, and immunity

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

CHO and PRO ingestion following exercise significantly influences glucose and insulin concentrations. Although some trends were observed suggesting that H maintained blood glucose levels to a better degree, no significant differences were observed among types of CHO ingested on insulin levels. These findings suggest that each of these forms of CHO can serve as effective sources of CHO to ingest with PRO in and attempt to promote post-exercise anabolic responses.
CHRONOTHERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF GALLIC ACID IN THE RENAL MARKERS, LIPID PEROXIDATION, ENZYMATIC ANTIOXIDANTS AND NON ENZYMATIC ANTIOXIDANT ON VANCOMYCIN INDUCED NEPHROTOXIC RATS

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The present study investigates chronotherapeutic effects of renal markers and lipid peroxidation and antioxidant properties in nephrotoxic rats, adult male albino Wistar rats, weighing 180-200 g with a nephrotoxic dose of vancomycin (200 mg/kg/body weight, twice a day(12 hour interval), i.p injection). This study used rats that were treated with 7 groups especially treatment group (GA + VAN) divided in to 4 groups (i.e 06:00hrs, 12:00hrs, 18:00hrs, 24:00hrs). Results showed that 24:00h time point level is peak when compared with other time points. The present study demonstrates that gallic acid can be protective against vancomycin -induced nephrotoxicity.
Glucocorticoid sparing effect of Janus kinase inhibitors compared to biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis, a single-centre retrospective analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Glucocorticoid sparing in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment is crucial to minimizing adverse effects associated with long-term use. Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) could potentially offer a more potent glucocorticoid-sparing effect than biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) Material and methods This is a single-centre retrospective analysis of RA patients treated with JAKi or bDMARDs. Glucocorticoid tapering, rescue therapy and discontinuation were analysed through mixed-effects models, Poisson regression and multivariable logistic regression, respectively, adjusting for baseline disease activity, demographic factors and treatment line. Results A total of 716 RA patients treated with JAKi (n = 156) or bDMARDs (n = 560) were evaluated. JAKi treatment was associated with a more rapid reduction in glucocorticoid dose within the first 6 months and 60% higher odds of discontinuation compared with bDMARDs (adjusted odds ratio 1.63; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.60, P = 0.039). Despite a higher baseline glucocorticoid dose, over 50% of JAKi-treated patients discontinued glucocorticoids after 12 months, vs ∼40% for bDMARDs. The need for glucocorticoid rescue therapy was significantly higher in the bDMARD group (rate ratio 2.66; 95% CI: 1.88, 3.74). Conclusion Our findings indicate that JAKi facilitate more rapid glucocorticoid tapering compared with bDMARDs in RA patients. These results underscore the potential of JAKi to reduce long-term glucocorticoid exposure, highlighting their value in RA management strategies, including minimizing glucocorticoid-related adverse effects.
Conceptualizing the characteristics of moderate Muslims: a systematic review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Following the 9/11 terror attacks, public discourse on Islam worldwide has been characterized by the distinction between radical and moderate Muslims. In this context, moderate Muslims can play a significant role in international relations and promote moderate practice in global politics. In order to address the conceptual ambiguities and enhance our understanding of acceptable Islam, this study undertook a critical review of the term Moderate Muslim and the characteristics that could be associated with this description. A systematic search of the existing literature was conducted through the relevant scientific databases of 'Scopus' and 'Web of Science' using the keywords: 'moderate Muslim', 'moderate Islam', and 'acceptable Islam'. The search resulted in 319 articles published between the years 2001 and 2018. Following a critical analysis, 29 publications were then used to identify the characteristics of Moderate Muslims. The findings revealed that practicing Acceptable Islam, with embedded traits of non-violence and liberalism, followed by the belief in democratic, secular, and pluralist methods coupled with a spirit of tolerance is what makes (or at least is expected of) a Moderate Muslim. It is hoped that apart from extending the theoretical body of knowledge of this label, this study will also contribute to the ongoing debate about what it means to be moderate, from diverse perspectives adopted by various scholars.
Critical evaluation of HPV16 gene copy number quantification by SYBR green PCR-2

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Serially diluted NA6 as template (2 ng – 2 fg), from which the mean calibration curve for viral quantification was generated. The different curves correspond to different starting amounts of template. The fluorescence thresholds are indicated by the lines of crosses running horizontally. Panel A shows E2 log transformed data from replicate 1 qPCR run, panel B shows HMBS log transformed data from replicate 3 qPCR run, panel C shows E6 log transformed data from replicate 2 qPCR run. Panel D demonstrates the tight correlation between the data points generated for the E2 amplicon at each template concentration in the four replicate runs. Similar findings were made for the E6 and HMBS amplicons. Panel E shows the mean calibration curves for E2, E6 and HMBS used for viral gene copy number quantification, together with the respective line equations.Copyright information:Taken from "Critical evaluation of HPV16 gene copy number quantification by SYBR green PCR"http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/8/57BMC Biotechnology 2008;8():57-57.Published online 24 Jul 2008PMCID:PMC2529285.
LHD 4p5U-AL01-NF #177613.1

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The plasma monitor cameras are installed in 6-T, 6-O and 10-O ports for monitoring LHD plasmas. Five cameras are set in 3-O port for observing the lower divertor structure near 2.5-L port and the plasma-wall interactions on the divertor plates.
Ultra-Wideband Backscatter Towards General Passive IoT Localization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Typical passive internet of things (IoT) localization systems, such as those based on UHF RFID, adopt narrow bandwidth signal and bind the localization function with energy harvesting and communication waveform. Due to the signal bandwidth and waveform constraints, the systems can not meet crucial requirements of practical IoT use cases. In this poster, we identify the fundamental challenges and analyze why the existing systems fall short. Based on the analysis, we propose to adopt dual band backscatter design and identify different design choices on frequency band, waveform and tag modulation. Finally, we build an ultra-wideband FMCW signal based prototype UWB2 to verify the feasibility of our proposal. Our results show that the system can achieve low tail error and realize one shot localization even under harsh multipath scenarios.
Unexpected patterns of genetic connectivity in Lobophyllia corymbosa (Forskål, 1775) around Sulawesi, Indonesia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract. Umar W, Tassakka ACMAR, Barber PH, Jompa J. 2019. Unexpected patterns of genetic connectivity in Lobophyllia corymbosa (Forskål, 1775) around Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2744-2749. Sulawesi is a strategic area for the biological networks of marine organisms, especially for Scleractinian corals. Sulawesi is located centrally in Indonesia and influenced by Pacific and Indian Ocean currents and shown in unique biodiversity patterns. However, research in this region is very limited. The wide distribution and lack of information on dispersal and connectivity make Lobophyllia corymbosa an exciting candidate in this study for genetic connectivity at the heart of the Indonesian Coral Triangle Area (ICTA), using Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome. Sampling sites (Palu, Mamuju, Sinjai, and Luwuk Banggai) with different coral fragments were collected from each site, DNA extracted, and mitochondrial COI gene was amplified. The results of the analysis were unexpected, and we hypothesise that the observed pattern was due to the evolution of different lineages within this region. The distance index and genetic diversity showed a close relationship between Mamuju and Luwuk Banggai, while Sinjai and Palu had a different genetic pattern. The global current patterns, complicated geography, and habitat condition could lead to such an outcome. Hard coral larvae arriving in an area might bypass a number of possible "stepping stones", resulting in unique patterns and leading to unexpected genetic connections within and between areas.
Neutral Lipid Accumulation in Macrophages During Lipid-Induced Macrophage Growth

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract We previously reported that lipids such as cholesterol esters, triglycerides, and some phospholipids that are components of cell membranes or serum lipoproteins induced the growth of mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. Here, we report that macrophage growth was directly induced by lipids without any soluble factors and that the continuous presence of lipids was required for their growth during culture. When macrophages were cultured with several phospholipids that stimulated macrophage growth, their triglyceride content was dramatically increased during culture, whereas their contents of phospholipids, cholesterol, and esterified cholesterols were scarcely changed. On the other hand, phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, which did not stimulate macrophage growth, caused less accumulation of triglycerides in the cells. Macrophages in which triglycerides accumulated resembled foam cells, since they contained many particles that stained with oil red O. Macrophages that cultured with cholesteryl linoleate also contained many oil red O-stainable particles. These data suggest that accumulation of lipid droplets is correlated with macrophage growth induced by lipids and that foam cells in pathological states such as those in atherosclerotic or xanthoma lesions might proliferate in situ.