jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An Interpenetration of Autonomous Study Idea in the Computer Education in Universities

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The essence of college education lies in the development of college student autonomous study ability.In the computer education in universities,it is necessary to carry out the autonomous study idea thoroughly,pay attention to the cultivation of such four student basic skills as reading,writing,looking up,practicing which enables college students to obtain the autonomous study ability and meanwhile further enhances their autonomous study ability by means of such three skills as being interested,multi-inquiries and good at communication.
The Keskin Method™: A Neuro-Adaptive Framework for Working Dog Performance and Behavioral Optimization

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The Keskin Method™ is a neuro-adaptive working dog training framework developed between 2011 and 2024 through systematic field observation, behavioral data collection, and performance analysis across multiple working-dog categories, including IGP, protection, service, detection, and search-and-rescue. Built upon Drive Theory and Behavioral Homeostasis, the method introduces a structured, measurable, and cognitively aligned training model designed to optimize emotional stability, task reliability, and handler–dog synchronization. This article provides the first formal scientific definition of the Keskin Method™, explaining its scientific pillars, operational phases, neuro-behavioral mechanisms, and real-world evidence supporting its effectiveness in working dog environments.
Photon-number-solving Decoy State Quantum Key Distribution

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Practical photon sources are weak coherent sources so that multiphoton pulses are inevitable. In order to beat an eavesdropper's photon-number-splitting (PNS) attack, we present a photon-number-resolving decoy state (PDS) quantum key distribution scheme. Decoy pulses are used to detect Eve's PNS attack. Because of the photon number of an arriving pulse can be resolved, a lower upper bound of tagged signal of multiphoton pulses is obtained. Such upper bound is independent on the losses of quantum channel, so that our PDS scheme can be used no matter how high the quantum channel is. Quantum bit error rate of multiphoton pulse can also be obtained precisely in our scheme. Furthermore, we present the optimal information Eve can gain by using the coherent multiphoton pulses attack. PACS:03.67.Dd
Additional file 2 of Noninvasive detection of alarming intracranial pressure changes by auditory monitoring in early management of brain injury: a prospective invasive versus noninvasive study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Effects of long-lasting endotracheal ventilation on ICP variability and on middle-ear status. Table S1. The variability of ICP decreases with increasing duration of NICU stay. Brief description of the middle-ear monitoring protocol. Figure S2. Percentage of ears with normal and abnormal middle-ear function as a function of the number of days after referral and intubation, then after extubation (PDF 172 kb)
Global optimization for generalized geometric programming problems with discrete variables

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Generalized geometric programming (GGP) problems occur frequently in engineering design and management, but most existing methods for solving GGP actually only consider continuous variables. This article presents a new branch-and-bound algorithm for globally solving GGP problems with discrete variables. For minimizing the problem, an equivalent monotonic optimization problem (P) with discrete variables is presented by exploiting the special structure of GGP. In the algorithm, the lower bounds are computed by solving ordinary linear programming problems that are derived via a linearization technique. In contrast to pure branch-and-bound methods, the algorithm can perform a domain reduction cut per iteration by using the monotonicity of problem (P), which can suppress the rapid growth of branching tree in the branch-and-bound search so that the performance of the algorithm is further improved. Computational results for several sample examples and small randomly generated problems are reported to vindicate our conclusions.
Counselor Education Faculty Positions: Requirements and Preferences in CESNET Announcements 2005-2009

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Counselor Education faculty positions announced on CESNET from 2005 through 2009 (N = 424) were analyzed to ascertain current trends in required and preferred qualifications. Typical qualifications mentioned in announcements include education and experience in clinical settings, teaching, and research. After a doctoral degree, the most common qualification included was experience in clinical settings, indicated by either years of experience or licensure eligibility. Half of the openings did not specify one specialty; school counseling was mentioned most often. Teaching and research requirements frequently referred to potential and commitment. Implications for faculty advisors and graduate students are included. Author's Notes Nancy Bodenhorn, Counselor Education, Virginia Tech Nadine Hartig, Counselor Education, Radford University Michelle R. Ghoston, Gonzaga University, Jasmine Graham, Gardner-Webb University Jesse J. Lile, University of Saint Joseph Corrine R. Sackett, Clemson University Laura Farmer, East Tennessee State University. Correspondence regarding this article should be sent to: Nancy Bodenhorn at nanboden@vt.edu.
Application and Development Trend of Electrical Automation Engineering Control System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The application of electrical automation engineering control system and its development trend are studied, and the current problems and future development trend of the electrical automation engineering control system are analyzed from the practical application of ships, hybrid vehicles, electric power engineering and other practical applications, and the development direction of standardization, intelligence, energy saving and other development directions are looked forward to, so as to fully understand the level of development of the electrical automation engineering control system, and scientifically Formulation of development goals is conducive to breaking through technical bottlenecks and promoting the development of electrical engineering technology.
Patterns in Orthoptera biodiversity. I. Adaptations in ecological and evolutionary contexts

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Orthoptera have inhabited the Earth for ca 300 million years and today include about 25,000 described species. Although orthopterans are mainly known to the general public by their most conspicuous species such as rangeland grasshoppers, locusts, katydids and crickets, they include an amazing diversity of forms and life-styles. In this review, I bring together a series of facts about orthopteran biology that demonstrate their enormous biodiversity, concentrating on ecological and evolutionary characteristics such as habitat variation, modes of feeding, defense mechanisms and phase transformation. In a second part of this review I will consider subjects of more direct human interest as their use as food, their importance in folk medicine and their role as entertainment.
Radiocarbon ages of humic substances in chernozems

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Data on radiocarbon ages of different fractions of humus (humic acids, fulvic acids, and humin) in the profiles of chernozems are analyzed. A chronoecological grouping of humus in modern and buried (fossil) soils is suggested. An increase in the radiocarbon age of humic substances down the soil profile has a stepwise character. It is shown that the 14C content in chernozems decreases down the soil profile more somewhat slower than the 12C content. The dependence of a decrease in the humus content of buried soils on the age of burying is traced for a time span of 800 ka.
EXPANDING MULTINATIONALS - CONGLOMERATE M&A AND ACTIVITY-BASKET PROXIMITY

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper analyzes how multinational firms (MNEs) expand the spectrum of their activities via Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A).While international trade studies systematically focus on horizontal versus vertical motives for foreign direct investment (FDI), I document that over 46% of both domestic and cross-border M&A deals done worldwide by MNEs are conglomerate, i.e., neither horizontal nor vertical.Literature to date fails to explain this puzzling stylized fact.What are conglomerate M&A and what are their drivers?Why do MNEs acquire firms in industries distinct from their own?The present study argues that conglomerate M&A represent a tool for multinationals to expand the spectrum of their activities towards industries that are closely related to their own range of occupations.The approach looks at MNEs from a multi-product perspective.It introduces a series of measures of "distance" between firms based on their respective activity-baskets.These are built relying on industry task intensities and the product space tools.The results show that despite the absence of direct horizontal or vertical linkages, conglomerate M&A appear to occur between firms relatively closely related in terms of their activity-mix.Further, the study investigates how the shape of activity basket of corporate group evolves with the acquiror's subsequent transactions.The degree of compactness of corporate activity decreases over time.MNEs also seem to expand their activity mostly radially, towards multiple direction, rather than linearly.
Elimination LArTPC Simulation Uncertainty

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers (LArTPC) are crucial for measuring muons and neutrinos by capturing the paths of fast-moving particles through argon gas. However, these detectors face challenges such as electron-ion recombination, diffusion, and attenuation, which introduce uncertainties in simulation models. This study, conducted by Ka ren Mkrtchyan at FERMILAB, aims to reduce these uncertainties by adjusting the amplitude and width of signals detected by the TPC wires. Initial findings indicate that the current modification algorithm requires further refinement to better align simulations with observed data. Ongoing work focuses on correcting computational bugs and enhancing the simulation model for improved accuracy and statistical confidence.
Model and prediction relationship of sound velocity and porosity of seafloor sediments

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The relationship between sound velocity and porosity in seafloor sediments is widely utilized for predicting or inverting sediment acoustical and physical parameters. This paper analyzes the theoretical relationship between sound velocity and porosity using the General Model of Sound Speed (GMSS). The GMSS model elucidates an empirical equation relationship in the form of a quadratic fitted polynomial based on actual measurement data from the South China Sea. The accuracy of the GMSS model and the regression empirical equation are found to be consistent, as demonstrated by the relative error, absolute error, and standard deviation of the sound velocity predictions. Our findings suggest that if the scattering of measured data is inherent to seafloor sediment, the empirical equation fails to adequately explain sediment variations and lacks broad applicability for accurate prediction and calculation. Additionally, we observe that a ± 5% relative error in porosity has minimal impact on the application of the GMSS model and empirical equations for predicting sound velocity errors. However, the empirical equation, relying solely on the porosity parameter, inadequately accounts for sound velocity scattering in seafloor sediments with the same porosity due to inherent limitations. In contrast, the GMSS model can incorporate additional physical parameters beyond porosity to better explain and predict sound velocity in seafloor sediments scattering in seafloor sediments with the same porosity, albeit with increased complexity. This paper provides an analytical method and theoretical foundation for inverting or predicting the relationship between sound velocity and porosity of seafloor sediments.
Insight into BN Impurity Formation during Boron Nitride Nanotube Synthesis by High-Temperature Plasma

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The high-temperature plasma process has demonstrated great potential in growing high-quality boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) with small diameters (∼5 nm) and few walls (3-4 walls) and led to successful commercialization with a high production rate approaching 20 g/h. However, the process is still accompanied by the production of BN impurities (e.g., a-BN, BN shell, BN flakes) whose physicochemical properties are similar to those of BNNTs. This renders the post-purification process very challenging and thus hampers the development of their practical applications. In this study, we have employed both experimental and numerical approaches for a mechanistic understanding of BN impurity formation in the high-temperature plasma process. This study suggests that the flow structure of the plasma jet (e.g., laminar or turbulent) plays a key role in the formation of BN impurities by dictating the transport phenomena of BNNT seeds (e.g., B droplets), which play an important role in BNNT nucleation. We discussed that the turbulence enhances the radial diffusion of B droplets as well as their interparticle coagulation, which leads to a significant reduction in the population of effective BNNT seeds in the BNNT growth zone (T < 4000 K). This results in the generation of unreacted BN precursors (e.g., B-N-H species) in the BNNT growth zone that eventually self-assemble into BN impurities. Our numerical simulation also suggests that a higher thermal energy input makes the flow more turbulent in the BNNT growth zone due to the elevated velocity difference between the plasma jet and ambient cold gas. This finding provides critical insight into the process design that can suppress the BN impurity formation in the high-temperature plasma process.
Elephant dung-inhabiting macrofungi in the Western Ghats

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Six species of macrofungi in five genera were documented growing on elephant dung located in the Brahmagiri Wildlife Sanctuary of Western Ghats of Karnataka (Conocybe pubescens, Coprinus patouillardii, Panaeolus fimicola, Podosordaria elephanti, Psilocybe coprophila and P. fimetaria).Among these, Coprinus patouillardii, Panaeolus fimicola and Psilocybe fimetaria are the first record, while Conocybe pubescens is new record on elephant dung in the Western Ghats.Including the present study, so far a total of 31 species of macrofungi have been reported on elephant dung of the Western Ghats.Some of the elephant dung-inhabiting macrofungi were also found on other herbivore dung in the Western Ghats and elsewhere.Future inventories on macrofungi inhabiting on dung of domestic/tamed, conserved and wild elephants to fill our knowledge gap on their diversity and to open up scope to harness their bioactive potential.
Nursing Program Application to Post-stroke Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Objective: To investigate the rehabilitation training and nursing strategy in post stroke patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: Rehabilitation and nursing programs were designed on the basis of inducement of diabetes and characters of rehabilitation training for 25 patients who suffered from stroke with diabetes mellitus and undertook periodic follow up. Results: After rehabilitation training and nursing in these 25 patients, the motor function and ADL index were improved significantly as compared with controls ( P 0.01). Conclusion: The patients with stroke companied by diabetes mellitus could undertake rehabilitation training under monitoring without diabetes outbreak. Adopting scientific rehabilitation and nursing measures, the motor function and ADL could be increased markedly.
Proficiency testing for thermal insulation materials in the national voluntary laboratory accreditation program. Final report

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) is administered by the Department of Commerce to accredit testing laboratories upon request. Accreditation is currently available for laboratories that test carpet, thermal insulation materials, and freshly mixed field concrete. Decisions to accredit laboratories are based on evaluation conducted by the National Bureau of Standards which include questionnaires, on-site examination and proficiency testing. This paper discusses the design and operation of the first two years of the proficiency testing portion of the evaluation of laboratories that test thermal insulation materials.
Ichthyofaunal diversity of the major Indian rivers: A review

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

t In the present communication, an attempt has been made to review the ichthyofaunal diversity of the important Indian rivers such as Ganga, Brahmaputra, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Cauvery, Tapti, Narmada, Yamuna, etc. Secondary data in the form of research articles, technical reports, technical bulletins, books, etc., were reviewed, bulk of which were published by ICAR-CIFRI and a few other institutions. Among these rivers, the fish diversity of the Yamuna, the Gandak, the Kathajodi, and the Tons (Tamas) have been studied for the first time by ICAR-CIFRI. River Ganga was the most frequently studied river while the ichthyofaunal studies of the river Tapti was done in a gap of over 50 years. Similarly, the entire stretch of the river Cauvery was studied after a gap of 28 years. The study highlights the need to explore fish fauna of the whole stretches of the major rivers of India at regular intervals to build a comparable database that might be utilized by the stakeholders for research, planning and management activities. Key words Fish biodiversity, Ganga, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Cauvery
Use of combinatorial genetic libraries to humanize N-linked glycosylation in the yeastPichiapastoris

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The secretory pathway of Pichia pastoris was genetically re-engineered to perform sequential glycosylation reactions that mimic early processing of N-glycans in humans and other higher mammals. After eliminating nonhuman glycosylation by deleting the initiating α-1,6-mannosyltransferase gene from P. pastoris , several combinatorial genetic libraries were constructed to localize active α-1,2-mannosidase and human β-1,2- N -acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnTI) in the secretory pathway. First, >32 N-terminal leader sequences of fungal type II membrane proteins were cloned to generate a leader library. Two additional libraries encoding catalytic domains of α-1,2-mannosidases and GnTI from mammals, insects, amphibians, worms, and fungi were cloned to generate catalytic domain libraries. In-frame fusions of the respective leader and catalytic domain libraries resulted in several hundred chimeric fusions of fungal targeting domains and catalytic domains. Although the majority of strains transformed with the mannosidase/leader library displayed only modest in vivo [i.e., low levels of mannose (Man) 5 -(GlcNAc) 2 ] activity, we were able to isolate several yeast strains that produce almost homogenous N-glycans of the (Man) 5 -(GlcNAc) 2 type. Transformation of these strains with a UDP-GlcNAc transporter and screening of a GnTI leader fusion library allowed for the isolation of strains that produce GlcNAc-(Man) 5 -(GlcNAc) 2 in high yield. Recombinant expression of a human reporter protein in these engineered strains led to the formation of a glycoprotein with GlcNAc-(Man) 5 -(GlcNAc) 2 as the primary N-glycan. Here we report a yeast able to synthesize hybrid glycans in high yield and open the door for engineering yeast to perform complex human-like glycosylation.
Out of Sight, Out of Mind: The Evolution of One Bay Area Industrial Suburb

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Financed by San Francisco capitalists, industry began to move beyond the boundaries of San Francisco in the 1850s. Industrial growth in the East Bay led to the development of a number of working-class communities along the San Joaquin River, including Martinez, Bay Point and Pittsburg. A case study of the development of Pittsburg, California demonstrates the critical role heavy industry has played in the suburbanization of the San Francisco Bay Area. The mixed land use, racial heterogeneity and working-class character of industrial suburbs such as Pittsburg challenge the widely held belief that American suburbs in general and Bay Area suburbs in particular are solely residential enclaves of white, middle-class families. Disproportionately polluted and poor, industrial suburbs serve as economic engines used to fuel the outward growth of American cities.
Log-optimal investment in the long run with proportional transaction costs when using shadow prices

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider a non-consuming agent interested in the maximization of the long-run growth rate of a wealth process investing either in a money market and in one risky asset following a geometric Brownian motion or in futures following an arithmetic Brownian motion.The agent faces proportional transaction costs, and similarly as in [17] where the case of stock trading is considered, we show how the log-optimal optimal policies in the long run can be derived when using the technical tool of shadow prices.We also provide a brief link between technical tools used in this paper and the ones used in [14,15,17].
THE STRENGTH OF ETHNOGRAPHY

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With the growing interest of anthropologists in transnational processes and spatial mobility, the local community ceased to be an obvious or "natural" site for fieldwork. Yet, also in so-called "multi-sited research", basic tenets of the ethnographic method continue to be valid. This commentary engages with the methods employed in the project "Sense of Community", pointing out that in addition to giving the community study approach a fresh lease on life in ethnology, the project also shares some traits with regional surveys in the social sciences. The commentary concludes that by selecting two regions as research settings, the project also contributes to a revitalization of the comparative approach.
High-Repetition-Rate 2.3–2.7 µm Acousto-Optically Tuned Narrow-Line Laser System Comprising Two Master Oscillators and Power Amplifiers Based on Polycrystalline Cr2+:ZnSe with the 2.1 µm Ho3+:YAG Pulsed Pumping

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

High-average-power narrow-linewidth tunable solid-state lasers in the wavelength region between 2 and 3 μm are attractive light sources for many applications. This paper reports a narrow-linewidth widely tunable laser system based on the polycrystalline Cr2+:ZnSe elements pumped by repetitively pulsed 2.1 µm Ho3+:YAG laser operating at a pulse rate of tens of kilohertz. An advanced procedure of ZnSe element doping and surface improvement was applied to increase the laser-induced damage threshold, which resulted in an increase in the output power of the Cr2+:ZnSe laser system. The high-average-power laser system comprised double master oscillators and power amplifiers: Ho3+:YAG and Cr2+:ZnSe laser oscillators, and Ho3+:YAG and Cr2+:ZnSe power amplifiers. The output wavelength was widely tuned within 2.3–2.7 µm by means of an acousto-optical tunable filter inside a Cr2+:ZnSe master oscillator cavity. The narrow-linewidth operation at the pulse repetition rate of 20–40 kHz in a high-quality beam with an average output power of up to 9.7 W was demonstrated.