jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Exploring barriers, motivators and potential solutions to achieve healthy lifestyle among undergraduate student nurses

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> Many preregistration student nurses tend to be overweight or obese and have unhealthy lifestyles. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims:</jats:title><jats:p> This study aimed to quantify the prevalence of these issues, to identify barriers to adopting a healthy lifestyle as well as potential solutions, and to explore the use of smartphone health apps. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> An online questionnaire examined diet and physical activity habits, general health and attitudes to eHealth. An in-class questionnaire with a new sample assessed current lifestyle, barriers to healthier living, support needed to achieve goals and the use of health apps. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings:</jats:title><jats:p> Half of student nurses were overweight or obese and only 41% met the recommended levels of physical activity. An in-class questionnaire revealed that more than half of them wanted to have a better diet and to exercise more. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Generally, student nurses were not satisfied with their current lifestyles. A lack of motivation and time were the most frequently reported barriers; an intervention focusing on motivational support could be an acceptable and effective means of achieving and sustaining positive behaviour change. </jats:p></jats:sec>
Potent antileukemic activity of curaxin CBL0137 against MLL‐rearranged leukemia

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Around 10% of acute leukemias harbor a rearrangement of the MLL/KMT2A gene, and the presence of this translocation results in a highly aggressive, therapy‐resistant leukemia subtype with survival rates below 50%. There is a high unmet need to identify safer and more potent therapies for MLL‐rearranged (MLL‐r) leukemia that can be combined with established chemotherapeutics to decrease treatment‐related toxicities. The curaxin, CBL0137, has demonstrated nongenotoxic anticancer and chemopotentiating effects in a number of preclinical cancer models and is currently in adult Phase I clinical trials for solid tumors and hematological malignancies. The aim of our study was to investigate whether CBL0137 has potential as a therapeutic and chemopotentiating compound in MLL‐r leukemia through a comprehensive analysis of its efficacy in preclinical models of the disease. CBL0137 decreased the viability of a panel of MLL‐r leukemia cell lines ( n = 12) and xenograft cells derived from patients with MLL‐r acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL, n = 3) in vitro with submicromolar IC50s. The small molecule drug was well‐tolerated in vivo and significantly reduced leukemia burden in a subcutaneous MV4;11 MLL‐r acute myeloid leukemia model and in patient‐derived xenograft models of MLL‐r ALL ( n = 5). The in vivo efficacy of standard of care drugs used in remission induction for pediatric ALL was also potentiated by CBL0137. CBL0137 exerted its anticancer effect by trapping Facilitator of Chromatin Transcription (FACT) into chromatin, activating the p53 pathway and inducing an Interferon response. Our findings support further preclinical evaluation of CBL0137 as a new approach for the treatment of MLL‐r leukemia.
Religieus geloof en religieuze verbondenheid in Europa

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper investigates (trends and determinants of) individual combinations of religious believing and belonging in Europe from a cross-national and longitudinal perspective. Individual level data for the period 1981-2007 in 42 countries derived from the European Values Survey and the European Social Survey are harmonised and enriched with contextual characteristics, constituting a more comprehensive data base for Europe than any previous research. Complementary hypotheses from modernization and market theories are derived systematically and tested rigorously. We find differential trends. In western societies, the popularity of secularity and consistent religiosity has persisted. In former communist societies, the popularity of consistent religiosity has increased whereas secularity has decreased. In both western and former communist societies, solitary religiosity has been a clear yet small phenomenon, somewhat increasing in western societies and somewhat decreasing in former communist societies. A crucial hypothesis derived from modernization theories, stating that financial and social security would decrease consistent religiosity is empirically supported.
PARAMETERIZATION OF COARSE GRAINED FORCE FIELDS FOR DYNAMIC PROPERTY OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL OLIGOMERS/WATER BINARY MIXTURES

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

To evaluate shear viscosity of ethylene glycol oligomers (EGO)/water binary mixture by means of coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG-MD) simulations, we proposed the self-diffusion-coefficient-based parameterization of non-bonded interactions among CG particles. Our parameterization procedure consists of three steps: (1) determination of bonded potentials, (2) scaling for time and solvent diffusivity and (3) optimization of Lennard-Jones parameters to reproduce experimental self-diffusion coefficient and density data. With the determined parameters and the scaling relations, we evaluated shear viscosities of aqueous solutions of EGOs with various molecular weights and concentrations. Our simulation results are in close agreement with the experimental data. The largest simulation in this article corresponds to a 1.2 μs atomistic simulation for 100,000 atoms. Our CG model with the parameterization scheme for CG particles may be useful to study the dynamic properties of a liquid which contains relatively low molecular weight polymers or oligomers.
Effect of health education about planned immunization among reproductive women in Hongqiao District of Tianjin

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

[Objective]To understand the awareness rate of knowledge about planned immunization among reproductive women in Hongqiao District of Tianjin,evaluate the effect of health education.[Methods]302 20-45 year-old reproductive women who have lived in Hongqiao District for 12 months were randomly collected from floating population,and twice investigations of knowledge about planned immunization were conducted.[Results]302 reproductive women were investigated before and after intervention,and the follow-up rate was 100%.The total awareness rate of knowledge about planned immunization after intervention was significantly higher than that before intervention(P0.01).The rate of active immunization after intervention was higher than that before intervention,and there was significant difference in the rate of 〝willing to understand the vaccination effect of children〞between before and after intervention(P0.01).The proportion of 〝obtaining the knowledge from doctors and books〞increased relatively.[Conclusion]The health education about planned immunization with different ways among reproductive women in Hongqiao District of Tianjin can improve the awareness rate of knowledge about planned immunization,form the concept and behavior of active immunization,and it has obvious effect.
Numerical simulation of damage characteristics of jointed rock under blasting load

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In nature, rock masses are often accompanied by joints and weak interlayers. Due to the existence of joints, rock masses are characterized by anisotropy. When the rock mass is excavated by the blasting method, the joints and situ stresses have a great influence on the propagation of the explosion stress wave and the propagation of cracks. In this paper, a two-dimensional finite element model is used to calculate the damage and cracking of jointed rocks under blasting load. Results have shown that the angle between borehole and joint can affect the development of rock crack, and the propagation of stress wave can be suppressed. In addition, it has been verified that initial stress field and its magnitudes of major principal stresses affect the development of the crack zone around the borehole.
Prevention of vitamin D deficiency in the elderly.

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract

Single cell Hi-C (scHi-C) has been used to map genome organization in complex tissues. However, computational tools to detect dynamic chromatin contacts from scHi-C datasets in development and through disease pathogenesis are still lacking. Here, we present SnapHiC-D, a computational pipeline to identify differential chromatin contacts (DCCs) between two scHi-C datasets. Compared to methods designed for bulk Hi-C data, SnapHiC-D detects DCCs with high sensitivity and accuracy. We used SnapHiC-D to identify celltype-specific chromatin contacts at 10 kilobase resolution in mouse hippocampal and human prefrontal cortical tissues, and demonstrated that DCCs detected in the cortical and hippocampal cell types are generally correlated with cell-type-specific gene expression patterns and epigenomic features.
Driftcretions: The legacy impacts of driftwood on shoreline morphology

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This research demonstrates how vegetation interacts with physical processes to govern landscape development. We quantify and describe interactions among driftwood, sedimentation, and vegetation for Great Slave Lake, which is used as proxy for shoreline dynamics and landforms before deforestation and wood removal along major waterways. We introduce driftcretion to describe large, persistent concentrations of driftwood that interact with vegetation and sedimentation to influence shoreline evolution. We report the volume and distribution of driftwood along shorelines, the morphological impacts of driftwood delivery throughout the Holocene, and rates of driftwood accretion. Driftcretions facilitate the formation of complex, diverse morphologies that increase biological productivity and organic carbon capture and buffer against erosion. Driftcretions should be common on shorelines receiving a large wood supply and with processes which store wood permanently. We encourage others to work in these depositional zones to understand the physical and biological impacts of large wood export from river basins.
The association of the sebum excretion rate with melasma, erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, and rhytides

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Continuing research with facial modeling and measurement systems will allow for development of more objective facial assessments. Future studies need to assess the role of technology in stratifying the severity and subtypes of rosacea and melasma. Furthermore, the role of sebaceous regulation may have important implications in photoaging.
The prevalence of ergonomic problems in computing among year 1 and year 2 medical students of the faculty of medicine and health sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this research is to study the prevalence of ergonomics problems in computing among year 1 and year 2 medical students of Faculty of Medicine and Health \nSciences (FMHS), Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. Students generally carry out a lot of computer related tasks which notably typing. Inadvertently, some cases of ergonomics problems will arise. Working with computer for hours can result in ergonomics problems such as neck stiffness, back pain, dry eyes and many more. Thus, as medical students ourselves, we decided to conduct a research in order to identify the problems related to ergonomics in computer usage. The main objective of this study is to identify the factors contributing to ergonomics problems and their prevalence among the students. \n \nQuestionnaire-based survey was applied to collect data with targeted participants from year 1 and year 2 medical students. Eye discomfort is the most prominent ergonomic problem as only 22 students (13.6%) were not affected by eye discomfort. Neck pain is the second most prevalent ergonomic problem experienced by the students. 86 out of 162 participants (53.1 %) were affected by this symptom while operating computers. In a cross-tabulation study between the amount of time allocated on computer usage and eye problems, this study had concluded that \nprolonged exposure towards computer screen does not necessarily lead to eye problems. This is because certain measures could be taken in order to prevent eye problems due to computer usage such as using antiglare screens, having frequent intennittent eye rests, sufficient lighting, proper adjustment of computer screen positions and positioning of the eyes from the computer monitor \nat an appropriate distance.
The Participatory Design of Tools: Foreseeing the Potential of Future Internet-enabled Farming

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes the use of functional models in a participatory design process to facilitate user involvement in complex system design. The particular case study presented here is the design of Future Internet-enabled farming system to address the global food chain challenges. Taking an end-user perspective during the development of systems and infrastructures in order to assist people in their work and everyday lives sets new challenge for complex system design. In extending the use of functional models by adopting the human factors engineering perspective, we show how future practice was made tangible and subject to the value estimations of a variety of end-user groups. In the food chain related development project, functional models facilitated the creative agency of the food chain actors and enabled a participatory design process in which the agricultural engineers and the food chain actors collaborative worked on a vision of future farming.
Performance of orthogonal multi-carrier CDMA in nonfading and nonselective fading channels

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Multi-carrier modulation techniques have been proposed for high bit rate services in fading channels. This paper presents two orthogonal multi-carrier CDMA systems. In one system the data bits are serial to parallel (S/P) converted to M branches where they are spread and modulated by orthogonal carriers. In the second system the data bits are transmitted in parallel with M orthogonal carriers (no S/P). We assumed a fixed available bandwidth. The performance of the two systems is studied in nonfading and slowly nonselective fading channels. Both systems provide an improved performance. System II over performs system I in the fading channel.< >
Experimental design and Bayesian networks for enhancement of delta-endotoxin production by Bacillus thuringiensis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram-positive bacterium. The entomopathogenic activity of Bt is related to the existence of the crystal consisting of protoxins, also called delta-endotoxins. In order to optimize and explain the production of delta-endotoxins of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki , we studied seven medium components: soybean meal, starch, KH 2 PO 4 , K 2 HPO 4 , FeSO 4 , MnSO 4 , and MgSO 4 and their relationships with the concentration of delta-endotoxins using an experimental design (Plackett—Burman design) and Bayesian networks modelling. The effects of the ingredients of the culture medium on delta-endotoxins production were estimated. The developed model showed that different medium components are important for the Bacillus thuringiensis fermentation. The most important factors influenced the production of delta-endotoxins are FeSO 4 , K 2 HPO 4 , starch and soybean meal. Indeed, it was found that soybean meal, K 2 HPO 4 , KH 2 PO 4 and starch also showed positive effect on the delta-endotoxins production. However, FeSO 4 and MnSO 4 expressed opposite effect. The developed model, based on Bayesian techniques, can automatically learn emerging models in data to serve in the prediction of delta-endotoxins concentrations. The constructed model in the present study implies that experimental design (Plackett—Burman design) joined with Bayesian networks method could be used for identification of effect variables on delta-endotoxins variation.
Self-Reliability and Motivation in a Nuclear Security Culture Enhancement Program

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The threat of nuclear terrorism has become a global concern. Many countries continue to make efforts to strengthen nuclear security by enhancing systems of nuclear material protection, control, and accounting (MPC&A). Though MPC&A systems can significantly upgrade nuclear security, they do not eliminate the "human factor." Gen. Eugene Habiger, a former "Assistant Secretary for Safeguards and Security" at the U.S. Department of Energyâs (DOE) nuclear-weapons complex and a former commander of U.S. strategic nuclear forces, has observed that "good security is 20% equipment and 80% people." Although eliminating the "human factor" is not possible, accounting for and mitigating the risk of the insider threat is an essential element in establishing an effective nuclear security culture. This paper will consider the organizational role in mitigating the risk associated with the malicious insider through monitoring and enhancing human reliability and motivation as well as enhancing the nuclear security culture.
The prognostic value of quality of life scores during treatment for oesophageal cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND Quality of life (QL) data are useful to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. Accumulating evidence suggests that QL data may predict survival. AIMS In this study we investigated if baseline QL scores and changes in QL scores before and after intervention are prognostic for patients with oesophageal cancer. PATIENTS Between 1993 and 1995, 92 consecutive new patients with oesophageal cancer were studied; 89 were followed until death or the end of the study period (survival of seven patients was censored in May 1999). METHODS All patients completed the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) core questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the dysphagia scale of the oesophageal module (EORTC QLQ-OES24) before treatment and at regular intervals throughout the study. Cox's proportional hazards models assessed the impact of baseline QL variables and changes in QL scores on survival. RESULTS Cox's proportional hazards models, adjusting for associations between QL scores, age, and TNM stage, found that physical function at baseline was significantly associated with survival (p=0.002). An increase in physical function score of 10 points corresponded to a 12% reduction in the likelihood of death at any given time (95% confidence intervals 4–18%). Further exploratory multivariable analyses suggested that improvement in emotional function six months after treatment was significantly related to longer survival (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS These data provide evidence to support a relationship between patient rated scores of QL and survival. Further understanding of the associations between QL and clinical variables is needed.
Amnesty International's Empty Promises: Decriminalization, Prostituted Women, and Sex Trafficking

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Through a close examination of Amnesty International’s (Amnesty) own arguments and sources, this paper demonstrates that Amnesty’s proposal to decriminalize prostitution or “sex work” will harm those it claims to help. It concludes that the best available evidence indicates that decriminalization of prostitution would: increase sex trafficking, leave prostituted women or “sex workers” more vulnerable to violence, and reduce access to healthcare, protection, and services. Prostituted women primarily enter the industry at a young age, often suffering from a history of sexual and physical abuse, coming from marginalized and vulnerable communities, and driven by emotional and economic desperation. It is in this context that prostituted women “consent” to sell themselves in the extremely risky and dangerous sex industry. But instead of helping victims of sexual exploitation, Amnesty’s proposal will mostly benefit their abusers—the mostly male consumers and organizers of the sex industry. Amnesty reaches its flawed conclusion by consistently misreading the evidence, engaging in selective skepticism, and ignoring the troubling legal and practical implications of its own policy. Amnesty rejects decades of scholarly research on the basis of few sources—in one case from close to half a century ago—and sometimes misreads the reports they rely on. Amnesty consulted primarily with those most likely to support its position—the “sex workers”—rather than the sex trafficking victims, adult survivors of prostitution and the child victims of commercial sexual exploitation who are the most harmed by the sex industry.
Rational use of thyroid function test

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Thyroid function test (TFT) is one of the frequently asked investigations. There is continuous increase and demand for this test. The reasons for increased number of thyroid testing include the wide list of clinical presentation of thyroid disorders with variable signs and symptoms. The thyroid gland itself can be affected with different ranges of disorders including auto-antibodies, congenital, genetics and cancers (1,2). In addition, the thyroid disorders can mimic or co-exist with other conditions especially in elderly and children. This climbing number of tests makes a financial burden to the laboratory. It necessitated extra reagents and consumables, extra manpower and some time extra analyzer.
Postrzeganie polityki mieszkaniowej w kontekście poglądów politycznych Polaków w 2022 roku: między potrzebami człowieka a wolnym rynkiem

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Polish housing policy, which was implemented after 1989, gradually evolved towards reducing the scale of state intervention in terms of the instruments used and the directions of influence on how to meet housing needs. The aim of the article is to analyze survey data collected in 2022, which indicate how adult residents of Poland perceive and evaluate activities implemented at the national and local level in this area of social policy, taking into account their declared political views. The results of the analysis indicate that this factor is not associated with clearly different assessments and expectations in this area of people with left-wing or right-wing political views.
Using optical MOCAP to improve the canoeing stroke

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

There are a lot of sports being competed in the Olympic in 2008. All of the sports that are competed bring out the best in their physical means as well as sportsmanship. The aim for these sportsmen is to compete with their upmost capability and win the Gold Medal for their country. In order to win the medal, they would have to train all their life and continuous seek improvement in whatever sports they are doing and how they are doing it. Thus science and technology is being brought into their training style to collect data and analyze to bring about even a split second improvement in the competition.The aim of this report is to find out how to improve the canoeing stroke to bring about the spilt second improvement in the water during competition. With the understanding of the stroke, this report will look into the improvement of the stroke, mainly focusing on the recovery and the exit phase, using motion capturing tool to find the angle of twist.