jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a microsurgery training program using a chicken wing model

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Microsurgical skills are essential for plastic surgeons in the modern times. Chicken wing model for microsurgery training offers an easy and cost-effective alternative to the traditional live rat model. A prospective study was conducted over a period of 6 months. Fifteen resident doctors in the department of plastic surgery were enrolled. Each of them underwent one session of microsurgery training on chicken wings (ulnar artery) every week for 15 weeks. The pre-training and post-training microvascular anastomosis were recorded and analyzed by two blinded investigators using a modification of the Structured Assessment of Microsurgery Skills (SAMS) tool. The pre- and post-training scores were compared. Twelve residents completed the requisite number of training sessions and were included in the final analysis. The mean diameter of the chicken wing ulnar artery was 1.04 mm (SD:0.11). All trainees demonstrated an improvement in the total scores. There was significant improvement in the mean scores (Pre-training: 33.46 vs. post-training: 41.42, p = 0.002). There was also a significant decrease in the total number of errors (Pre-training: 6.75 vs. post-training: 4.79, p = 0.012). However, there was no significant improvement in the average time taken to perform anastomosis (Pre-training: 58.03 mins vs. post-training: 52.51 mins, p = 0.182). We concluded that chicken wing is a useful training model for microsurgery. It helps in improving the overall microsurgical skill as well as reducing the average number of errors. This model is cost-effective, easily available, and easy to set-up. The wide assortment of vessels with varying diameters provides opportunities for training of microsurgeons of different skill levels.
The place of pasture in Iowa farming

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Though nearly as much land in Iowa is devoted to pasture as to corn, pastures have received very little thought or attention. The reasons why pastures have been given so little consideration are: (1) the lower per acre returns from pasture than from corn, (2) the fact that pasture is more nearly a fixed element in the business, and (3) the somewhat prevalent belief that little or nothing worth the cost can be done to pastures to make them more productive. Pasture is important, however, because it supplies a type of feed which is essential for livestock, and enables the farmer to get a higher return from some rough areas than could be obtained from cultivated crops. Sometimes pasture helps to prevent erosion.
Data synchronization in Ad Hoc mobile networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Intermittent connectivity and dynamic network topology create unique challenges for distributed applications in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs), where individual entities may produce data at any time while moving around continuously. In this poster, we present DDSN, a distributed dataset synchronization protocol in Named Data Networking (NDN) that enables applications in MANETs to keep all members in an application group synchronized on the latest state of a shared dataset. Taking intermittent connectivity as the norm, whenever nodes in the same application group are reachable to each other, DDSN provides an efficient mechanism to unify the shared state and dataset between the encountered nodes.
Narrative Writing and Soulful Metaphors Commentary on Paper by Barbara Pizer

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The author posits that Pizer's use of both narrative and lyrical style is not typical in psychoanalysis, whose scholarly tradition tends to favor a denser, more academic style of writing. The ways in which psychoanalysts read these two forms of writing are mirrors of one another. Both kinds of reading are forms of discipline; both forms of writing are necessary in psychoanalysis. The author also writes that Pizer's “nonanalytic third” does not have to be a “good” thing like a poem; it can be almost anything important to the analyst. The nonanalytic third is a soulful metaphor that can be used to create alternatives to rigid experience. Because rigidity in psychoanalytic relatedness is usually the result of problematic unconscious involvements between analyst and patient, the nonanalytic third can be significant in the negotiation of enactments.
The H+-Sucrose Cotransporter NtSUT1 Is Essential for Sugar Export from Tobacco Leaves1

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract In many species translocation of sucrose from the mesophyll to the phloem is carrier mediated. A sucrose/H+-symporter cDNA,NtSUT1, was isolated from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and shown to be highly expressed in mature leaves and at low levels in other tissues, including floral organs. To study the in vivo function of NtSUT1, tobacco plants were transformed with aSUT1 antisense construct under control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Upon maturation, leaves of transformants expressing reduced amounts of SUT1 mRNA curled downward, and strongly affected plants developed chloroses and necroses that led to death. The leaves exhibited impaired ability to export recently fixed 14CO2 and were unable to export transient starch during extended periods of darkness. As a consequence, soluble carbohydrates accumulated and photosynthesis was reduced. Autoradiographs of leaves show a heterogenous pattern of CO2 fixation even after a 24-h chase. The 14C pattern does not change with time, suggesting that movement of photosynthate between mesophyll cells may also be impaired. The affected lines show a reduction in the development of the root system and delayed or impaired flowering. Taken together, the effects observed in a seed plant (tobacco) demonstrate the importance of SUT1 for sucrose loading into the phloem via an apoplastic route and possibly for intermesophyll transport as well.
“A monstrously perfect result of the system”: Narcissism and Proto–Social Media in Edith Wharton’s The Custom of the Country

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article, taking inspiration from contemporary American novelists, Jonathan Franzen and Clare Messud, argues Edith Wharton’s 1913 novel The Custom of the Country presages our hyperconnected, modern world of social media. Through parodying the ladies’ books of etiquette, Wharton satirizes the novel of manners. It further argues, in a re-imagining of the Narcissus myth, that Undine Spragg, via the gossip columns of the day, and social media influencers are, albeit vainly, trying to connect with other human beings. The article argues for a fresh look at Wharton’s oeuvre and makes an appeal for her continued inclusion in American literature surveys. Finally, the article offers insights into teaching Wharton in the contemporary college classroom.
“I try not to let my kids see it”: Mothering and emotion management

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT Objective This study aims to understand how a diverse group of mothers with limited incomes approach managing their emotions. Participating mothers were predominantly women of color. Background Previous research suggested that, on average, inadequate resources negatively shape parenting practices and subsequent child outcomes. The family stress model linked limited resources with increased stress in parents, a mental state that may undermine parenting efforts. However, this does not consider mothers' work to manage their own emotions, including feelings of stress, which prior research has found could potentially promote their own well‐being and positive engagement with children. Methods The present study uses data from 26 of 71 semi‐structured interviews from the Baby's First Years: Mother's Voices study. The researchers used thematic analysis to analyze mothers' narratives of their emotion management efforts and the mothers' values guiding such efforts. Results Mothers' approaches to managing their emotions were primarily shaped by their sense of what it meant to be a good mother, but these ideas about good mothering manifested differently in practice. Some mothers sought to repress emotions while parenting, others to separate from children during emotion management efforts, and some connected with children to manage mothers' own emotions. Conclusion The stress of limited financial resources does not automatically translate into mothers' parenting. Mothers with limited incomes hold their own ideas about good mothering that are related to how resource limitations influence their parenting efforts. Implications Understanding the motivations of mothers with limited incomes for managing their own emotions can provide insights for practitioners and policymakers hoping to support mothers' emotion management efforts.
Extracellular vesicle proteome unveils cathepsin B connection to Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane vesicles that are released extracellularly and considered to be implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease. Here, CSF EVs of 16 ATN-classified cases were subjected to quantitative proteome analysis. In these CSF EVs, levels of 11 proteins were significantly altered during the ATN stage transitions (P &lt; 0.05 and fold-change &gt; 2.0). These proteins were thought to be associated with Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis and represent candidate biomarkers for pathogenic stage classification. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis of CSF and plasma EVs revealed altered levels of cathepsin B (CatB) during the ATN transition (seven ATN groups in validation set, n = 136). The CSF and plasma EV CatB levels showed a negative correlation with CSF amyloid-β42 concentrations. This proteomic landscape of CSF EVs in ATN classifications can depict the molecular framework of Alzheimer’s disease progression, and CatB may be considered a promising candidate biomarker and therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease amyloid pathology.
Design and Evaluation of a Direct Drive Valve Actuated by Piezostack Actuator

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents performance characteristics of a new type of direct drive valve (DDV) system driven by a piezostack actuator. The flexible beam mechanism is employed to amplify the output displacement from the piezostack actuator. After describing the operational principle of the proposed piezo DDV system, the governing equation of the whole piezo DDV system is then obtained by integrating the equations of the valve components. Based on the proposed model, significant structural components of the piezo DDV system are designed in order to achieve operational requirements (operating frequency: over 100 Hz; flow rate: 20 liter/Min.). An optimal design method is proposed for obtaining the geometry of the flexible beam mechanism by considering spool displacement, required operating frequency, and available space of the valve. After deciding the specific geometric dimensions of the piezo DDV system, a PID control algorithm is designed to enforce the spool position to the desired position trajectories by activating the piezostack actuator. Characteristics and control performances of the proposed piezo DDV system are evaluated using the MATLAB Simulink.
Communication Optimization Strategy for Molecular Dynamics Simulation on Sunway TaihuLight

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Molecular dynamics simulation defined as simple state updates over multiple time steps is the main approach to the description of the chemical, mechanical and electrical processes in many real-world application. Currently, most optimization methods focus on simplifying forces or computing parallelization. However, modern general-purpose supercomputers have succeeded on compute-intensive or memory/bandwidth-intensive applications, but the improvement of network bandwidth/latency is fairly limited. The communication overhead is critical, and severely degrades the overall performance and scalability. In this paper, we propose a communication optimization strategy to reduce inter-nodes communication overheads, including a ghost communication mode to reduce the total amount of message, a shift communication algorithm to reduce the total number of messages and a zero-copy RDMA (Remote Direct Memory Access) communication method to reduce inter-nodes memory copy overheads. We implement our ghost communication, shift communication and zero-copy RDMA communication on the third highest performance supercomputer Sunway TaihuLight in the world (before June 2020). We test molecular dynamics simulation of condensed covalent materials and scale the simulation up to 8,519,680 cores to simulate more than 50.4 million silicon atoms, where the parallel efficiency is over 80% on the whole machine. Results show that the communication optimization strategy reduces the communication time by nearly 75% compared with traditional inter-nodes MPI (Message Passing Interface) communication with memory copy and the dimension of the simulated system significantly exceeds the experimentally measurable range. Our simulation enables virtual experiments on real-world applications and makes the technology more accessible to the general scientific users by using general-purpose supercomputers.
Cancer centre at “breaking point”

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An urgent report has been demanded into the running of Scotland's biggest cancer treatment centre after the resignation of three consultants and claims that the service is at breaking point.

Medical staff at the Beatson Oncology Centre in Glasgow, which treats 60% of all cancer cases in Scotland, have been concerned for some time that the rise in workload has not been matched by an increase in resources. Although the Royal College of Radiologists recommends that consultant oncologists should only see 315 new patients a year, some of the oncologists at the Beatson …
Revisiting Apophis 2029 approach to Earth (staying on shoulders of NASA experts) or Can we be sure in almost ricocheting fly-by of Apophis on 13 of April 2029 near the Earth?

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The main idea of this challenging research is to revisit the solar-centric dynamics of Earth around the Sun in analysis of its position on 13 April 2029 close to asteroid Apophis which is supposed to be moving in fly-by near the Earth on its orbit. As of now, we can be sure that trajectory of Apophis is well-known with respect to the center of Sun. Also, NASA experts calculated that relative distance between center of Earth and Apophis should be less than 38 thousands of kilometers during closest Apophis approach to the Earth. But the reasonable question is: will the center of Earth be at the predicted position at the beginning of April 2029? The matter is that NASA solving procedure disregards influence of Milankovich cycles to the orbit of Earth but alternative concept suggests another solution (with additional quasi-periodic deviation from their solution, proportional to square of eccentricity of Earth orbit around the Sun equals to ~ 0.017). So, possible perturbation of Earth orbit is likely to be proportional to (0.017)$^2$ ~ 0.03% from 1 a.e. or ~ 43 200 km which could be compared with gap between Earth and Apophis during closest Apophis approach to Earth in April 2029.
EFFECT OF GAMMA IRRADIATION ON DRYING CHARACTERISTIC AND QUALITY OF WHEAT

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Wheat, pretreated by 60 Co gamma irradiation, was dried by hot air with irradiation dosage 0–3 kGy, drying temperature 40–60C, and initial moisture contents 19–25% (d.b.). The drying time, average dehydration rate, wet gluten content (WGC), moisture content of wet gluten (MCWG) and titratable acidity (TA) were evaluated based on a quadratic rotation‐orthogonal composite experimental design with three variables (at five levels). The drying time, average dehydration rate, WGC, MCWG and TA were sensitive to irradiation dosage, drying temperature and initial moisture content. Irradiation dosage is the most dominating factor on the quality of wheat flour (WGC, MCWG and TA); drying temperature is the most dominating factor on drying characteristics (drying time and average dehydration rate). Irradiation dosage had a significant effect on drying time, WGC, MCWG, average dehydration rate and TA. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Gamma irradiation had been employed to decontaminate and to extend the shelf life of food and has been widely used for agricultural products for long‐period storage. The previous studies emphasize particularly on that dried samples were irradiated by gamma irradiation after drying. However, no information has been available on effect of gamma irradiation on drying characteristics and quality of wheat. The results of this study will show irradiation dosage had a significant effect on drying time, average dehydration rate, wet gluten content, moisture content of wet gluten and titratable acidity. This implies that as a pretreatment before drying may be a method to apply for not only increasing the dehydration rate, but also changing the quality of wheat.
Diurnal Patterns of Electrical Activity in Crayfish Neurosecretory Cells

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The electrical activity of single neurons in the X ogan-sinus gland system of the crayfish was continuously recorded from isolated eyestalks kept in darkness over periods of time up to 96 h. Ample diurnal variations were detected in the spontaneous firing rate of single units in the sinus gland and the X organ-sinus gland tract. Some units displayed a nocturnal peak of activity; others were more active at day-time. Intracellular recordings from X organ somata showed similar diurnal patterns of activity. During the silent periods, the neurons could be activated by intracellular stimulation through the recording electrode. The transition from resting to activity phases was concurrent with a slow depolarization and increase of membrane conductance. No correlation could be documented with the pattern of synaptic input.
Fracture toughness of silicon carbide evaluated using pre-cracked specimens.

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Silicon carbide plate specimens with through-thickness crack of which stress intensity can be calculated by the two-dimensional stress analysis, are prepared by a new method developed in the present work for conducting fracture toughness tests. The specimen geometry is quite similar to that of ASTM standard compact tension specimens. A compressive load is applied on the upper and lower surfaces of the specimen, with a narrow slit crack-starter to produce a tensile stress near the notch root and a compressive stress far from it. The loading points is changed by the required crack length. Then, the specimen is loaded by a 20μs bending moment at the notch root. The obtained fracture toughness value from the specimen is almost constant, in the range of the crack length between 0.4 and 0.7 in its ratio to the specimen width. It is also independent of the specimen thickness between 3.0 and 9.5 mm.
Edwin Clark University Undergraduate 2022/2023 Admission form/Transfer Form is out ☎<09166948950 > ☎+2349166948950 Prof SARAH An applicant for admission to a degree programme in the University of Nigeria must have at least credits (A1 - C6 in WASSCE and A – D in SSSCE) in English, Core Mathematics and Integrated Science (for Science related programmes) or Social Studies (for non-Science related programmes) and three elective subjects in Science. for more Information apply +2349166948950

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Edwin Clark University Undergraduate 2022/2023 Admission form/Transfer Form is out ☎️<09166948950 > ☎️+2349166948950 Prof SARAH An applicant for admission to a degree programme in the University of Nigeria must have at least credits (A1 - C6 in WASSCE and A – D in SSSCE) in English, Core Mathematics and Integrated Science (for Science related programmes) or Social Studies (for non-Science related programmes) and three elective subjects in Science. for more Information apply +2349166948950
THERMAL MATURITY AND SOURCE‐ROCK POTENTIAL OF THE SEDIMENTARY SUCCESSION FROM THE DRAKE FIELD, SVERDRUP BASIN, ARCTIC CANADA

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The thermal maturity and source‐rock potential of the sedimentary succession in the Drake field, Melville Island, Arctic Canada, have been studied using reflected‐light microscopy and Rock‐Eval pyrolysis. The Mesozoic sediments are immature to mature (% Ro = 0.35‐0.80). Vitrinite reflectance in Cretaceous sediments ranges from 0.35 to 0.56%; in Jurassic sediments, it ranges from 0.40 to 0.66%, and in Triassic sediments, from 0.50 to 0.80%. The Triassic Schei Point Group shales and siltstones contain organic matter of marine origin, whereas the predominantly plant‐derived organic matter present in the Jameson Bay, Ringnes and Deer Bay Formations has higher TOC. Among the Schei Point Group sediments, the Eden Bay Member of the Hoyle Bay Formation has high TOC content (approx. 5.0%) and high HI values (in excess of 600 mg HC/g Corg). It is followed by the Cape Richards Member and the Cape Caledonia Member of the Murray Harbour Formation (approx. 5.0% TOC). Regional variations in the level of thermal maturity of Mesozoic sediments in the Sverdrup Basin are mainly a function of burial depth. Thermal subsidence, uplift, erosion and heat associated with periods of diapiric and igneous intrusions may have been responsible for the thermal maturity pattern in the Drake field. The Jurassic Jameson Bay, Ringnes and Deer Bay Formations are immature to marginally mature, and have limited oil‐generation potential due to their high terrestrial input. The organic matter is these formations has good gas potential.
GEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF LANDSAT IMAGERY OF NIGERIA’S HAWAL PRECAMBRIAN BASEMENT COMPLEX TERRAIN

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The Hawal Basement Complex is located in Nigeria’s NE region. Satellite imagery used in this study covers longitude 12º 00’ to 13º 30’E, and latitudes 9º 30’ to 11º 00’N. The aim of the study is to decipher the regional geologic structures based on analysis and to determine the mineralization implications from the landsat lineament data. The total land surface area covered is about 23,674.88 km2 and includes part of the north sector of Yola sedimentary Rift Basin. The data consists of LANDSAT TM and SPOT XS scenes collated as mosaics. The imagery was monoscopically studied. Classical aerial imagery interpretation techniques of mapping lineaments and tracing regional geological boundaries were used. A total of 368 lineaments were mapped and analyzed using multi-graphical analytical techniques. The results are presented as isolinear contour maps (isodensity and lineaments intersection maps). The isodensity lineament maps show two main areas of lineament concentrations, namely Shani area lying westward and Michika-Mubi area to the east. Reasons advanced for the preponderance of lineaments in parts of the study area are the combined effects of isostatic basement uplift and lithospheric stretching during the formation of Yola Rift and Chad Basin respectively, which caused large scale crustal deformations. Also, Precambrian and Cenozoic magmatic activities that caused emplacements of older granites and basaltic bodies respectively in the area contributed to fracturation of the crust. Fewer lineaments are observed over the sedimentary Rift zone and this is attributed to masking effect of the sediments on basement fractures. The lineament intersection map shows a prominent NE-SW zone of highest intersection which is parallel to the general flow direction of the Hawal River. Prominent lineament directions are N-S (0-20º), and NE-SW (40º- 60º), which are Pan African Orogenic directions. Aerogeological studies of this type are important in national economic development.