jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Migration of Cells With Immunoglobulin/c-myc Recombinations in Lymphoid Tissues of Mice

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Recombinations between c-myc and immunoglobulin (Ig) sequences that typically occur in pristane-induced mouse plasmacytomas were detected in secondary lymphoid tissues from normal mice, chiefly in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Based on the analysis of recombination sequences as clonotypic markers, migration of c-myc recombination-positive cells was observed between Peyer's patches and into the intestine. Treatment of plasmacytoma-susceptible BALB/cAn mice with pristane induced proliferation and migration of these cells into mesenteric lymph node, spleen, and oil granuloma within 7 days. Plasmacytoma-resistant strains of mice (DBA/2N, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6) differed in that (1) they harbored fewer clones (Ig/c-myc recombinations were detected in 33% of resistant mice versus 91% of BALB/cAn mice after pristane treatment); (2) Ig/c-myc-positive cells were rarely detected in the oil granuloma, and (3) c-myc recombined predominantly with the Ig α locus in BALB/cAn mice (72%), but with the Igμ locus in DBA/2N and in C57BL/6 (67%). The results demonstrate that normal mice generate a large number of lymphocytes with aberrant c-myc in intestinal tissues without developing tumors.
Morphological, Physiological, and Biochemical Impacts of Different Levels of Long-Term Water Deficit Stress on Linum album Ky. ex Boiss. Accessions

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Linum album (Ky. ex Boiss.) is an important medicinal plant that produces compounds such as the well-known anticancer lignan podophyllotoxin and fatty acids. Despite its high medicinal value, it has not yet been studied in detail under agricultural conditions. This study was conducted to evaluate the morphological, phenological, and physiological responses of six L. album accessions under different levels of water deficit treatments (100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% available water) in pot conditions. Based on the results, some of the morphological characteristics of the response to water deficit were established. Accessions UTLA7, UTLA9, and UTLA10 showed a higher seed yield and dry weight of the vegetative part. There was a substantial difference in the occurrence of phenological stages in the accessions. The maturation process was accelerated in plants under stress conditions, and accession UTLA9 completed its complete growth cycle faster than the other accessions. The physiological responses of the different accessions did not show the same pattern on the basis of the characteristics studied, and significant differences were observed depending on the trait and accession. Among the most important results of this study was the diversity of responses in different accessions. Based on these results, it is recommended that morphological features (such as seed yield per plant, plant height, number of inflorescences per plant, shoot and root dry weight) be used to select tolerant accessions for the desired product.
Nigeria's Income Tax (Transfer Pricing) Regulations 2018: Conceptualizing the Elephant and “Plucking the Goose”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract In 2015, the OECD gave the world a template to address base erosion and profit shifting and ensure that profit is taxed in the jurisdiction of value addition and / or where economic activities take place. The world's jurisdictions then embarked on implementing the template. Examining the legal framework subsequently put in place for the taxation of intangibles in Nigeria, this article argues that the distinct regimes for connected and unconnected persons’ transactions create flaws. It further asserts that these flaws are consequences of the conflict between the policy that underpins the legal framework and other policies in the country. It concludes that the legal framework may not be a “Swiss army knife” (providing Nigeria with all that is needed to combat transfer pricing issues associated with the transfer of intangibles by connected persons), as it creates issues that have undesired consequences for the taxation as well as the economic system.
[Analysis of phenotypes and genotypes in 66 patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency identified by neonatal screening].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Adrenal crisis or other signs of salt loss were found in 62% of 21-OHD patients at age range from 4 days to 2 months. In 66 Chinese 21-OHD children, total mutation frequency of I2G, p. I173N, p. R357W, p. G111Vfs*21 and p. Q319* accounted for 65.2% of alleles. In 87.8% of patients with salt wasting forms, predicted phenotypes according to genotypes were consistent with their actual phenotypes.
Economic evaluations of hepatitis B immunization: a global review of recent studies (1994–2000)

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract A search was carried out for economic evaluations of hepatitis B (HBV) vaccination, published between 1994 and 2000. The results of these studies are discussed according to the level of HBV endemicity. The great majority of these evaluations were carried out for industrialized countries, for the most part situated in areas of low to very low HBV endemicity. In countries of very low endemicity economic evaluations have yielded contradictory results, depending on the type of epidemiological model they used. The cost‐effectiveness of adding universal to selective vaccination strategies in these countries depends on the selective strategies' ability to sufficiently identify, reach and fully vaccinate persons in various risk groups. In areas of low, intermediate and high endemicity, universal vaccination seems justifiable on the basis of economic evaluation. In general, the accuracy of the models has improved over the years, but still the transparency, completeness and comparability of analyses could improve considerably. By noting this, the suitability of different methodologies for different areas of endemicity and vaccination strategies is discussed. It is recommended that specific guidelines for economic evaluation of the prevention of infectious diseases be developed to guarantee the relevance of and to improve the comparability between studies. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SIGNIFICANCE OF FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH SMOKE-CUREDETHMALOSA FIMBRIATAANDCLARIAS GARIEPINUS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT Fish species from the vast inland and coastal water bodies of Nigeria are usually smoked to reduce moisture and preserve the fishes for the arduous trips to urban markets. The most common source of deterioration is due to fungal attack. The present study investigated the fungi associated with two commonly smoke-cured fish species, Ethmalosa fimbriata and Clarias gariepinus. The moisture content of the smoke-dried fishes was between 14.42 and 26.70%, while the fungal count was between 105 and 106 cfu/g. This placed the fish samples in class B (microbiological status of the food is less than satisfactory but is still acceptable for consumption) of ready-to-eat foods. The fungi species isolated were mainly of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium and 37.5 and 25% of these genera were probably toxigenic as they were tested positive for aflatoxin. The fact that these mold species are known producers of potent mycotoxins is significant from a food safety point of view. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS The nutritional value of smoke-cured fish is not significantly diminished by the smoking process, but the economic value may be determined by the quality of the fish presented for sale. This study has shown that the presence of fungi, particularly aflatoxigenic molds, in smoke-cured Ethmalosa fimbriata and Clarias gariepinus is very significant from a food safety point of view. The practical applications of these findings should be aimed at quality assurance of these products in order to ensure that the smoking process is carried out hygienically and effectively to safe moisture levels that prevent proliferation of toxigenic fungi. It might also be necessary to ensure appropriate packaging and storage procedures to prevent postprocessing contamination by both handlers and consumers. The application of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point principles to smoked-fish processing is also practicable.
Debate as an Alternative Technique of Teaching Speaking for the Students

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Nowadays, a problem faced in teaching speaking at school is still about the lack of student’s skill in conveying ideas. How teacher dominates the learning also takes part in aggravating the situation of the learning. The effect of that situation is that the students’ speaking skill is undeveloped optimally. This study reveals the existence of an alternative technique that can be applied by Indonesian teacher, which is debate. The method used is a literature review by adopting many studies, then analyzing it based on the application in the learning. According to the analysis result, it can be seen as an alternative in improving students’ speaking skill.
Technological Fun: the Politics and Geographies of Amusement Parks

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

On 23 January 1926 the readers of the conservative newspaper La Vanguardia
could read an imagined description of the experiences of a peasant travelling to
Barcelona. In an article entitled ‘Mechanical Wonders’, journalist Jose Escofet
contrasted the quiet and slow-paced rural life to the overwhelming mechanical
dynamism of ‘modern’ cities:The city starts dancing a marvelous dance around the foreigner. Twisted
forms and fugitive colours everywhere, like in an urban landscape painted
by a cubist painter. Tramways, cars, trucks, buses, they all rapidly run in
opposite directions. [...] The peasant feels dizzy: he has seen the mechanical birds loudly flying near the roof terraces; he has witnessed the crash
between a car and a tramway; he has gone for a sidecar ride; he has visited
an American amusement park.2
Commonalities and Variations in Managerial Work: A Study of Middle Managers in Malaysia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Studies of managerial work, by focusing on documenting variations and offering either correlational or idiographic accounts of those variations, have tended to neglect the extent of and reasons for commonalities in what managers do which extend across different jobs and organizational settings. The findings of a multi-method study of the role expectations and work activ ities of ten middle managers in four manufacturing organizations in Malay sia, undertaken to address this neglected topic, are reported and discussed. Middle managers' work is shown to comprise: first, a core of common activities relating to day-to-day administration of staff, general work processes and information, activities which flow from the uncertainties inherent in taking responsibility for the work of an organizational sub-unit or functional department and those who carry out that work; second, variations in content which emanate primarily from the technical/professional, rather than the managerial, component of middle managers' jobs; and, third, limited organ izational variations which are primarily in terms of the media and contacts through which managerial work is conducted. Human resource management policies, therefore, need to take account of these enduring common features of middle managers' work and the technical/professional basis of many of the variations.
Long-term low-dose co-trimoxazole in prophylaxis of childhood urinary tract infection: bacteriological aspects.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The bacteriological consequences of giving long-term low-dose co-trimoxazole to children to prevent reinfection of the urinary tract were studied. Only six "break-through" infections occurred during 2637 child-months of prophylaxis. The children complied well with treatment. During prophylaxis the number of rectal coliform bacilli recovered was greatly and rapidly reduced, but at least 70% of the surviving coliform organisms remained sensitive to the two components of co-trimoxazole. Changes in sensitivity pattern were evident within a month of starting treatment and the proportion of rectal organisms resistant to sulphonamide or trimethoprim did not increase with time. After stopping co-trimoxazole prophylaxis the number of rectal organisms recoverable returned rapidly to normal, as did their sensitivities to trimethoprim and sulphonamide. Further episodes of urinary tract infection developing after prophylaxis was stopped were caused by organisms sensitive to a wide range of antimicrobial agents, including trimethoprim.
Observing nucleon decay in lead perchlorate

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Lead perchlorate, part of the OMNIS supernova neutrino detector, contains two nuclei 208Pb and 35Cl that might be used to study nucleon decay. Both would produce signatures that will make them especially useful for studying less-well-studied neutron decay modes, e.g., those in which only neutrinos are emitted.
Attenuation of the cardiovascular response during rigid bronchoscope a comparative study using intravenous lidocaine and sublingual glyceryl trinitrate

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: one of the complications of rigid bronchoscope is the cardiovascular responses that may carry a dangerous drawback during and after the procedure. Prevention and control of these events will be crucial, especially for the old and cardiovascular debilitated patients. Objective: The study aims to control and attenuate the unwanted hemodynamic responses to the rigid bronchoscpe using intravenous lidocaim and GTN. Method: a study was performed on three groups of patients undergone a diagnostic procedure of bronchoscope. Each group consists of 20 patients at the same age and relatively similar pathology. The three groups (group one, two and three) received lidocaine, glyceryltrinitrate and no drug respectively. The changes in mean arterial pressure, heart rate and rhythm were taken and monitored. Several readings were taken through a five to ten minutes interval and at recovery. The doses are calculated equally for all patients. Results: marked changes were noticed in mean arterial pressure which has been increased especially during the introduction of the instrument through the trachea. The same were happened for the heart rate, which increased tremendously at the same intervals. The same was applied for the rhythm. Lidocaine has attenuate the change in the rhythm, while the glyceryl trinitrate prevented the high elevation in mean arterial blood pressure more than the other drug did. Conclusion: Hemodynamic responses to the rigid bronchoscope, can be attenuated and blunted by the usage of anti-arrhythmic drug (lidocaine) and the vasodilator glyceryl-trinitrate, intravenously and sublingual respectively. Lidocaine I.V given 3 – 5 minutes prior to the procedure will protect the heart from grand changes in its rhythm. And to a lesser extent control the high elevation in mean arterial pressure. Glyceryl-trinitrate (GTN). The two drugs successfully attenuate the hemodynamic responses to the tracheal instrumentation by the rigid bronchoscope.
Abstract 2026: Targeted delivery of therapeutic NefM1 peptide with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) suppresses growth of 3-D cultures of breast and colon cancers

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background and Objectives: In vitro studies with NefM1 peptide demonstrated apoptotic effects on a number of cancer cell lines containing CXCR4 receptors. This suggests that NefM1 apoptotic peptides can be used as a therapeutic agent for breast and colon cancers. In this study we hypothesized these cancers cultured as 3-D tumor spheres will undergo greater regression and destruction after treatment with NefM1 peptide- linked-carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) particles than with NefM1 peptide alone. Material and Methods: Human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468) and colon cancer (HT-29, WiDr, SW 480) cells were cultured with 1% Sea Prep hydrogel in supplemented RPMI1640 medium. After 3 weeks the 3-D cultures developed as tumor spheres. Like in vivo conditions these 3-D cultures had cell-cell interactions and the sphere is held together by an extracellular matrix. The cultures were treated with NefM1 peptide and NefM1 carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) to compare their relative effects on the growth of the tumor spheres. The viability status of the tumor spheres was established using ethidium bromide and acridine stain and fluorescent microscopy. The Nef peptide was linked to SWNTs using thionine and binding was verified by gel electrophoresis. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed internalization of NefM1-SWNTs nanoparticles. Results: In 3-D cultures, the SeaPrep hydrogel facilitated the growth of tumor spheres. All breast (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468) and colon (HT-29, WiDr, SW-480) tumor spheres showed reduction and disintegration with nefM1 administration. This was enhanced with the NefM1- SWNTs conjugate which destroyed all cells in the culture. This indicated effective delivery of NefM1 into the cells via SWNTs. This is novel in that not only were these growing tumor spheres killed by the peptide binding to the CXCR-4 receptors, but the nanoparticles allowed for increased internalization of the peptide into the cells. The NefM1-SWNT's will undergo further study regarding its ability to enhance suppression of these tumors in SCID mice models. Conclusion: An apoptotic peptide (NefM1) can be linked to a nanoparticle which enhances its cytotoxicity to breast and colorectal cancers in vitro. Using 3-D cultured tumor spheres to evaluate the suppression of cancer growth is convenient and cost effective for drug delivery and drug discovery. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2026. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2026
Proteomic profiling of extracellular vesicles and particles reveals the cellular response to cisplatin in NSCLC

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background Cisplatin‐based chemotherapy is a therapeutic strategy against non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, cancers relapse after chemotherapy due to a dormant state of residual cancer cells. Extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) are active carriers of proteins and nucleic acid. Here, we aimed to study the molecular alterations and proteomic characteristics of EPV in dormant and reactivated cancer cells induced by cisplatin. Methods We used a short‐term single dose of cisplatin to induce the dormant and reactivated cell status. We examined the gene expressional profiling and proteomic profiling of EVPs from dormant and reactivated cancer cells by RNA‐sequencing and LC–MS/MS. Results We found substantial changes in gene expression and protein level in EVP. The genes with higher expression in dormant cancer cells were lipid transporter‐ and lipid metabolic‐related genes. A total of 111 EVP proteins were upregulated in dormant cancer cells compared to those in control cells. Fifty differential expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in EVPs from reactivated cancer cells compared to those in dormant cancer cells. Among the DEPs, we found that apolipoproteins such as APOA1 and APOE were significantly increased in dormant cancer cell‐derived EVPs. Integration of EVP proteomes with transcriptional profiles of cancer cells revealed that the proteomic profiling of EVP derived from cancer cells can reflect the cellular status of cancer cells, which showed an activated lipid metabolism in dormant state. Conclusion Lipoproteins enriched in EVPs reflect the activated lipid metabolism in dormant cancer cells and may provide potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for cisplatin‐based therapy.
Bifidobacterium actinocoloniiforme sp. nov. and Bifidobacterium bohemicum sp. nov., from the bumblebee digestive tract

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Our previous study, based primarily on PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, focused on the isolation of four bifidobacterial groups from the digestive tract of three bumblebee species. In that study, we proposed that these isolated groups potentially represented novel species of the family Bifidobacteriaceae . One of the four, Bifidobacterium bombi , has been described recently. Strains representing two of the other groups have been classified as members of the genus Bifidobacterium on the basis of positive results for fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase activity and analysis of partial 16S rRNA and heat-shock protein 60 ( hsp60 ) gene sequences. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities revealed that the isolates of the first group were affiliated to Bifidobacterium asteroides YIT 11866 T , B. indicum JCM 1302 T and B. coryneforme ATCC 25911 T (96.2, 96.0 and 95.9 % sequence similarity, respectively), together with other bifidobacteria showing lower sequence similarity. Additional representatives of the second group were found to be affiliated to Bifidobacterium minimum YIT 4097 T and B. coryneforme ATCC 25911 T (96.0 and 96.3 % sequence similarity) and also to other bifidobacteria with lower sequence similarity. These results indicate that the isolates of the two groups belong to novel species within the genus Bifidobacterium . This observation was further substantiated by the results of partial sequencing of hsp60 . On the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses and analysis of 16S rRNA and partial hsp60 gene sequences, we propose two novel species, Bifidobacterium actinocoloniiforme sp. nov. (type strain LISLUCIII-P2 T = DSM 22766 T = CCM 7728 T ) and Bifidobacterium bohemicum sp. nov. (type strain JEMLUCVIII-4 T = DSM 22767 T = CCM 7729 T ).
PENDAMPINGAN UMKM DALAM MENGHADAPI TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL; PEMBUKUAN KEUANGAN DIGITAL DAN METODE PEMBAYARAN DIGITAL

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Currently is the era of digitalization where all buying and selling transactions can be carried out digitally. Based on this, there is still a lack of business actors who utilize digital sales and create digital financial reports. One of the micro and small businesses in the city of Jambi that has not yet carried out digital transformation is the Salsa 717 Kerupuk & Kemplang. Business actors still use non-digital methods in their financial bookkeeping. Therefore, this service aims to provide assistance and training in creating digital financial bookkeeping, as well as digital payment methods. Planned activities that will be implemented include providing training and direct assistance to business actors. The results of this PPM activity are: UMKM business actors can face digital transformation by implementing digital financial bookkeeping and digital payment methods, and can increase the value and quality of UMKM