jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of Altering Level of DM and RDP on Production Performance of Dairy Cattle

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

An on-farm study was conducted to evaluate the effect of altered level of DM and RDP on the productive performance of dairy cattle. According to days in lactation, 12 animals were distributed into mid, early and late lactation groups of 4 animals each. Observation period was of 60 d duration. Comparison between the nutrients offered and those required as per NRC (1989) revealed great discrepancy. The levels of feeding (per cent) by the farmer to early, mid and late lactation groups were DM 131, 114 and 120; RDP 92, 91 and 81; UDP 119, 115 and 140; respectively. High intake of DM was adding to the heat stress. On the basis of discrepancies observed, modifications like cessation of wheat straw, adjusting RDP by adding urea were made in the feeding schedule. To evaluate these modifications, a test trial with 10 animals (5 animals in test and 5 in control group) was conducted and an increase of 2.24 kg/animal/d (13.3%) in milk production was observed. In the 5th week while there was a drop of 800 g in milk production over that of the previous week's production in the control group, the drop in test group was only 180 g/animal/d, indicating lower heat stress in the test group. Therefore, the present study revealed that under field conditions, there is a need for the critical evaluation of feeding level of nutrients to improve economics and production performance of dairy cattle.
Sliding mode control of uncertain linear discrete time systems with input delay

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The problem of sliding-mode control is investigated for a class of uncertain linear systems with input-delay in discrete time. First, a predictor in discrete time is introduced, which converts the original system with input delay to an equivalent system without the explicit appearance of time delay and makes the control problem solvable. Then, sliding-mode controls are constructed for both systems with and without bounded disturbance. Simulation studies show the effectiveness of the control scheme.
Siloxane‐Mediated Schiff Base Bio‐Based Curing Agent: Achieving Epoxy Vitrimer with Excellent Mechanical Properties, Low Dielectric Constant and Rapid Degradation Characteristics

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Epoxy resin is indispensable in various applications due to its outstanding properties. However, its limited recyclability and associated environmental issues pose significant challenges for sustainable development. To address this issue, integrating recyclable Schiff base groups into epoxy resin systems to construct epoxy vitrimer with dynamic properties has become a promising strategy. Herein, a rapid degradation, enhanced mechanical properties, and low dielectric constant epoxy vitrimer (EP‐BOB) is proposed through a unique rigid‐flexible structure bio‐based curing agent (BOB). BOB is synthesized using siloxane as a flexible chain to bridge with vanillin in a one‐pot process. The incorporation of the Schiff base structure imparted exceptional degradability to EP‐BOB, allowing it to fully degrade within 45 min. In addition, due to the unique rigid‐flexible structure, EP‐BOB exhibited lower dielectric constant (1.2–2.6) and outstanding mechanical properties (60.5 MPa tensile strength). Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy shows that EP‐BOB can be completely degraded in the amine solution to recycle carbon fibers (CFs) without damage. Especially, the Schiff base can endow EP‐BOB UV‐shielding and antibacterial properties. This work opens up a new strategy for designing a rigid‐flexible structure epoxy vitrimer using silicone to achieve multifunctional and high‐performance EP.
Osteochondroma of rib: A case report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Osteochondroma is the most common benign tumor of bone, occurring either as an isolated lesion or in the context of hereditary multiple exostoses. In both cases, osteochondroma can arise from the ribs, and is often asymptomatic. In fact, the diagnosis often follows the onset of serious complications either from mechanical interference with the neighboring anatomical structures, or from malignant degeneration., We present a case of swelling over right side of chest wall in 40 year old male patient. X-ray and CT scan showed bony swelling over right ninth rib. Tumor was resected to avoid future complication. Subsequently, histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma and showed the lack of dysplastic changes. Various studies have shown that the surgical resection of osteochondroma is necessary in adults to avoid future complications of haemothorax, pneumothorax, intercostals neuralgia and malignant transformation, hence we resected tumor in this case.
The Ellipsis on the Main Character's Utterances in the Trolls Movie

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This study aims to: 1) identify the use of Ellipsis the Main Characters Utterances in the Trolls Movie., The objectives of the study were to identify the ellipsis on the main characters utterances in the Trolls movie, to determine the types of ellipsis (clausal, verbal and nominal) used on the main characters utterances in the Trolls movie, and to derive the most dominant types of ellipsis found on the main characters utterances in the Trolls movie. The study was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative research. The source of data was taken from the whole of Trolls movie and transcript of the Trolls movie that focused on the use ellipsis and types of ellipsis. They consisted of 38 pages as the data. The findings of the study were, there were three types of the ellipsis found in the Trolls movie. They were nominal ellipsis, verbal ellipsis and clausal ellipsis by the number of occurrences were nominal was 25 (39.1%), verbal ellipsis was 5 (7.8%), and clausal ellipsis was 34 (53.1%). So the most dominant type found on the main characters utterances in the Trolls movie amount to 34 (53.1%).
A Secured Advanced Management Architecture in Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading for Multi-Microgrid in the Stochastic Environment

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Careful consideration of grid developments illustrates the fundamental changes in its structure which its developments have taken place gradually for a long time. One of the most important developments is the expansion of the communication infrastructure that brings many advantages in the cyber layer of the system. The actual execution of the peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading is one core advantage which also may lead to the systematic risks such as cyber-attacks. Consequently, it is necessary to form a useful way to cover such challenges. This paper focuses on the online detection of false data injection attack (FDIA), which tries to disrupt the trend of optimal peer-to-peer energy trading in the stochastic condition. Moreover, this article proposes an effective modified Intelligent Priority Selection based Reinforcement Learning (IPS-RL) method to detect and stop the malicious attacks in the shortest time for effective energy trading based on the peer to peer structure. The presented method is compared with other methods such as support vector machine (SVM), reinforcement learning (RL), particle swarm optimization (PSO)-RL, and genetic algorithm (GA)-RL to validate the functionality of the method. The proposed method is implemented and examined on three interconnected microgrids in the form of peer-to-peer structure wherein each microgrid has various agents such as photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine, fuel cell, tidal system, storage unit, etc. Eventually, the unscented transformation (UT) is applied for uncertainty analysis and making the near-reality simulations.
Cellulose Synthesis in Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have cloned the celC gene and its homologue from E. coli, yhjM, in an expression vector and expressed the both genes in E. coli; we have determined that the YhjM protein is able to complement in vitro cellulose synthesis by extracts of A. tumefaciens celC mutants, we have purified the YhjM protein product and are currently examining its enzymatic activity; we have examined whole cell extracts of CelC and various other cellulose mutants and wild type bacteria for the presence of cellulose oligomers and cellulose; we have examined the ability of extracts of wild type and cellulose mutants including CelC to incorporate UDP-14C-glucose into cellulose and into water-soluble, ethanol-insoluble oligosaccharides; we have made mutants which synthesize greater amounts of cellulose than the wild type; and we have examined the role of cellulose in the formation of biofilms by A. tumefaciens. In addition we have examined the ability of a putative cellulose synthase gene from the tunicate Ciona savignyi to complement an A. tumefaciens celA mutant. The greatest difference between our knowledge of bacterial cellulose synthesis when we started this project and current knowledge is that in 1999 when we wrote the original grant very few bacteria were known to synthesize cellulose and genes involved in this synthesis were sequenced only from Acetobacter species, A. tumefaciens and Rhizobium leguminosarum. Currently many bacteria are known to synthesize cellulose and genes that may be involved have been sequenced from more than 10 species of bacteria. This additional information has raised the possibility of attempting to use genes from one bacterium to complement mutants in another bacterium. This will enable us to examine the question of which genes are responsible for the three dimensional structure of cellulose (since this differs among bacterial species) and also to examine the interactions between the various proteins required for cellulose synthesis. We have carried out one preliminary experiment of this type and have successfully complemented an A. tumefaciens CelC mutant with the homologous gene (yhjM) from E. coli.
Is there a need for further trials for the treatment of prolonged seizures?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Prolonged seizures are associated with morbidity and mortality of varying degrees. It is important to recognize seizures early, and treat them appropriately. This leads to the best clinical outcome. There has been an emphasis on prompt treatment, but there exists a variety of poorly executed protocols. This review addresses the question of whether additional clinical trials are necessary, not only to answer for what purpose, but also, clearly, to examine the impact additional studies may have. Overall, the acute treatment of epilepsy emergencies in children has markedly improved with availability of out‐of‐hospital therapies, but additional studies to determine the most efficacious, maximally safe, and best tolerated treatments are needed.
Abstract 13507: Outcomes Among Coronary Artery Disease Patients Hospitalized for Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation: A United States Population-Based Cohort Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among the general population. Previous studies suggested that significant CAD increased the risk for adverse outcomes including acute coronary syndrome and ischemic cardiomyopathy, which if severe enough warrants advance therapeutic options including implantation of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). However, there is paucity of data exploring the in-hospital outcomes of patients with CAD admitted for LVAD implantation. Hypothesis: CAD does not impact outcomes in patients undergoing LVAD implantation. Methods: A retrospective cohort study using the National Inpatient Sample 2018-2020 database. Patients aged > 18 years with known CAD admitted for LVAD placement were identified in the database. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for potential patients' and hospital level confounders. Outcome of interest were in-hospital mortality, ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), LVAD thrombosis and ischemic stroke among patients with CAD hospitalized for LVAD implantation. Results: We identified a total of 76,757 patients admitted for LVAD implantation in the years 2018-2020, of which 55.93% (n= 42,930/76,757) had CAD. The overall mortality rate among patients admitted for LVAD implantation was 27.47% (n=21,080/76,757). Among those with concomitant CAD, the mortality rate was significantly higher at 28.93% (12,263/42,930, P=0.00). Using a stepwise survey multivariable logistic regression model that adjusted for patient and hospital level confounders, concomitant CAD among LVAD recipients was found to be an independent predictor of overall in-hospital mortality (aOR 1.24; 95% CI (Confidence Interval), 1.14-1.36; p<0.001) but did not increase the risk of STEMI (aOR 1.48; 95% CI, 0.98-1.34; p=0.09), LVAD thrombosis (aOR 1.04; 95% CI, 0.51-2.14; p=0.91) and ischemic stroke (aOR 0.76; 95% CI, 0.38-1.39; p=0.33). Conclusions: Among hospitalized patients for LVAD implantation, concurrent CAD increased the risk for in-hospital mortality but did not increase the risk for STEMI, LVAD thrombosis and ischemic stroke. Prospective studies with control of potential confounders may better delineate these associations.
Uncovering evidence on community-based injury prevention: A review of programme effectiveness and factors influencing effectiveness

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study examines systematic reviews of community-based injury prevention programmes to obtain an overview of the evidence base on the effectiveness of these programmes and to analyse how effectiveness is measured and the extent to which factors contributing to achieving programme effectiveness are examined in these reviews. Thirteen systematic reviews were found, encompassing a total of 121 programmes. The results reinforced the well-documented point that the evidence regarding the effectiveness of community-based injury prevention programmes is inconsistent. Some of the programmes targeting specific injury categories, e.g. specific injury types and/or age groups, were successful, whilst more broadly targeted programmes demonstrated less convincing results. Effectiveness was predominantly measured as injury rate reductions. Only one of the reviews identified contextual factors that could have impacted on programme effectiveness. To advance the field, researchers and systematic reviews need to include evidence on factors that may explain how the effects were achieved.
The influence of occlusion on masticatory performance and satisfaction in complete denture wearers

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Summary Complete dentures should satisfy patients' needs for comfort, function and aesthetics. Thirty edentulous patients were enrolled in this study. Two sets of complete dentures were made for each patient: one with bilaterally balanced occlusion and the other with lingualised occlusion. The patients used each type of denture for 6 months. A single‐blind study design was used in which the patients were not aware of the exchange of dentures. In each 3‐month period, electromyographic measurements of the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles were performed. At the end of 6 months, patient satisfaction was evaluated. The second measurement of lingualised occlusion showed the greatest muscle activity, while chewing gum in both the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles (174·5 and 208·19 μV, respectively). The greatest maximum voluntary contraction was also found for the second measurement of lingualised occlusion for both the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles (142·91 and 187·55 μV, respectively). The mean chewing time decreased with lingualised occlusion. The percent distribution of the patients' ratings of their complete dentures and patient satisfaction with lingualised occlusion were higher than those for bilaterally balanced occlusion. Complete dentures with lingualised occlusion increased masticatory performance, maximum voluntary contraction and patient satisfaction and decreased chewing time.
Association between Post-traumatic Osteoarthritis 10+ Years after ACLR and Quantitative MRI of Knee Cartilage, Menisci, and Thigh Muscles

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations between radiomic features in knee and thigh quantitative MRI with symptomatic and radiographic post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Radiomic features of knee cartilage, menisci (extracted from T1ρ maps), and thigh muscles (extracted from anatomic images and fat fraction maps) were extracted from patient MRI 10+ years after ACLR, and features were selected for symptomatic or radiographic PTOA associations. Symptomatic and radiographic PTOA were associated with features from the medial cartilage compartments, and menisci; features from the thigh muscles were associated with symptomatic PTOA only.
Detecting Prejudice - Preliminary Study

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Study Protocol Study Design The current study is a survey-based experiment. In this study all participants will indicate their belief (or lack thereof) in egalitarianism and then answer four questions about their forecast of how others would perceive them based on their opinions. Finally, they will report their demographic characteristics. Study Site Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Participants and Recruitment Inclusion Criteria: • 18 years of age or older • Identify as White Sample Size Determination We plan to recruit 100 White participants for this study. Measures Primary Dependent Variables: Questions • 1) If you explained that you are not prejudiced, would you be surprised if others thought you were more prejudiced than the average White person? (1-Yes, I would be surprised, 2-No, I would not be surprised.) • 2) When someone states that they are not prejudiced, are others able to tell from just this information the degree to which that person is prejudiced or non-prejudiced? (1-Yes, others are able to tell, 2-No, others are not able to tell.) • 3) If you explained that you are not prejudiced, would a Black person trust you less than they would trust the average non-prejudiced White person? (1-Yes, they trust me less, 2-No, they would not trust me less.) Finally, we will measure demographics including participants’ political ideology (with options: very conservative, slightly conservative, slightly liberal, or very liberal) and their thoughts on political correctness. Planned Analysis We will conduct a frequency analysis and a means comparison for the responses to each question in order to determine the frequency of participants expectations and if the responses differ from chance. We will use questions #1 & #2 in a paper with White participants and question #3 in a paper with Black participants.
Learning Curve Analysis for Programming

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The recent surge in interest in using educational data mining on student written programs has led to discoveries about which compiler errors students encounter while they are learning how to program. However, less attention has been paid to the actual code that students produce. In this paper, we investigate programming data by using learning curve analysis to determine which programming elements students struggle with the most when learning in Python. Our analysis extends the traditional use of learning curve analysis to include less structured data, and also reveals new possibilities for when to teach students new programming concepts. One particular discovery is that while we find evidence of student learning in some cases (for example, in function definitions and comparisons), there are other programming elements which do not demonstrate typical learning. In those cases, we discuss how further changes to the model could affect both demonstrated learning and our understanding of the different concepts that students learn.
The control of bacterial blight in rain-grown cotton. II. Some effects of infection on growth and yield

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Three series of experiments are described from which minimum estimates of crop loss caused by bacterial blight were obtained. In the first two, the estimates were derived from seed-dressing trials, and in the third, seed dressing was used in conjunction with resistant varieties. Losses amounted to as much as 354 ± 39 lb. seed cotton/acre for a susceptible variety but could be reduced both by seed dressing and by using resistant varieties. The effectiveness of resistance in moderately resistant varieties varied from one season to the next, an effect comparable with the genotype-environment interactions previously described for reactions to inoculation.
Editorial Good Practices in Occupational Safety and Health in the New Era of Globalization

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

There are various approaches to new problems arising in the era of globalizing economies. The impact of globalization is seen in increasing trade and competitive business management and in diversifying employment situations. In occupational safety and health fields, globalization is bringing about emerging risks at the workplace, new problems associated with diversifying employment patterns and widening disparities in safety and health conditions 1–3). While globalization is accelerating the process of harmonizing occupational safety and health standards and programs, as seen in the recent development of occupational safety and health management systems 4) , awareness is growing of the need to establish effective countermeasures to its negative aspects. This special issue of the journal Industrial Health contains
Stress and perceived partnership quality of parents to children with autism spectrum disorder: a random intercept cross-lagged panel approach

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Parents to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience increased levels of stress compared to other parents. However, it has been difficult to clarify how this parental stress affects the quality of parent partnership, and how stress and partnership quality predict each other longitudinally. Stress and perceived partnership quality of 160 parents to children with ASD who started therapy in an autism therapy center were surveyed at three measurement points. To find out about within-person effects, a random intercept cross-lagged panel model was used. The results showed that a decrease in stress level over the course of therapy led to a decrease in partnership quality. The theory of the parenting alliance can be used to explain these results: coping with demands in parenthood during stressful times seems to tie parents together and strengthen their relationship. Implications for therapeutic practice, such as the use of marriage and family counselors to support the parents’ partnership during their child's autism therapy are presented.