jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
FER and FES tyrosine kinase fusions in follicular T-cell lymphoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

TO THE EDITOR: Follicular T-cell lymphoma (FTCL) is a rare nodal mature T-cell neoplasm included in a broader category of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and other nodal lymphomas of T follicular helper (TFH) cell origin by the 2017 World Health Organization classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues.1 The atypical, clear, medium-size neoplastic cells display a common TFH phenotype with expression of CD4, CD10, BCL6, PD-1, CXCL13, and ICOS.2 In contrast to AITL, FTCL is characterized by a follicular growth pattern and lacks the proliferation of high endothelial venules and the extrafollicular expansion of follicular dendritic cells. The molecular pathology of FTCL remains incompletely understood. Up to 40% of FTCLs harbor t(5;9)(q33.3;q22.2) fusing the N-terminal part of the interleukin-2 (IL-2)–inducible T-cell kinase (ITK) to the tyrosine kinase domain of SYK (the spleen tyrosine kinase). [...]
A Phenomenological Study of Nurse Strategies to Address Nursing Burnout

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to uncover the lived to experiences of registered nurses who have experienced burnout during their careers, yet chose to remain in the profession, and to uncover the leadership and individual strategies that address nursing burnout. The study included the phenomenological method to explore the research questions. Fifteen registered nurses who identified an episode of burnout in their nursing career, and were still working in the nursing profession, participated in an in-depth interview. Five themes that emerged from the data were (a) burnout affects the whole person, (b) social support helps cope with burnout, (c) a healthy lifestyle is paramount to prevention and coping, (d) nurse leaders play a pivotal role in preventing and managing burnout, and (e) caring is an essential element of nursing. Recommendations for future research include an exploration of lived experiences of nurse leaders; use of the burnout scale to identify nurses with burnout with subsequent in-depth interviews; research to determine if preventive measures actually prevent burnout or merely lessen the unpleasant affects; exploration of sleep deprivation, exhaustion, and burnout; and the implementation of Watson’s Attending Nurse Caring Model.
Commodity, Capital, and Commercial ELT: A Political Economy of Eikaiwa English Language Teaching

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The aims of this research are threefold. Firstly, to understand how the drive for profit in commercial English language teaching (ELT) affects the manner in which language is taught. Secondly, to understand the how the various ways in which teachers are valued (monetarily in wages, valued as a ‘good’ teacher, and valued as an ‘authentic’ speaker of a language for example) interrelate with one another. Finally, the research aims to give an account of how teachers’ experiences of potential contradictions and tensions between commercial and pedagogic interests, and multiple forms of valuation, inform the way they understand themselves in relation to the economy and society more broadly. The research synthesises a body of research on political economy and language with Marxist political economy in order to understand commercial ELT through the moments of capital as value in motion: from the production and consumption of lessons, to the realisation of the lesson’s value in its sale, through to the distribution of this value in the form of wages. In focussing in on these moments throughout the circulation of capital, the research gives an account of the contradictory forces and interests at play within commercial eikaiwa – a form of ELT in Japan in which teachers are often precariously employed. The thesis illustrates how teachers within eikaiwa manage contradictory interests within the school in the act of producing lessons, and how a keen sense of alienation was felt in terms of both the process of production - how the lesson was to be produced, and product – the value that they were producing in the role of labour. While many in eikaiwa saw this alienation as unjust, teachers struggled to ascertain exactly where this value was going to, as well as who had decided it should be that way.
Solubility Enhancement of Budesonide and Statistical Optimization of Coating Variables for Targeted Drug Delivery

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The purpose of the research was to present Budesonide (BUD) as a novel formulation showing improved aqueous solubility, which may decrease variability in Cmax⁡ and Tmax⁡ found in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, and drug targeting to colon. To improve aqueous solubility, solid dispersion (SD) of the BUD with poloxamer 188 was prepared by melting method. Physical characterization of solid dispersion was performed. The SD was used to prepare tablet equivalent to 9 mg of BUD. The tablet was coated with enteric polymers Eudragit S100 and Eudragit L100 to target colon. The ratio of polymers and percentage coating was optimized using statistical design. Variables studied in design were ratio of enteric polymers and the effect of percentage coating on in vitro drug release. Dissolution at different pH showed that drug release in colon could be modified by optimizing the ratio of polymers and percentage coating. The dissolution data showed that the percentage coating and ratio of polymers are very important to get lag time and optimum formulation. The optimized batch from statistical design was kept under accelerated condition for three months. After accelerated stability study, there was no significant change in the drug release.
THE INSCRIBED LINTEL OF SESHEMNEFER DISCOVERED RECENTLY AT SAQQARA

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

العتب المنقوش الخاص بـ سشم نفر المكتشف حديثاً بسقارة [Ar] يهدف البحث لدراسة عتب منحوت من الحجر الجيري ومكتشف حديثاً بجبانة جسر المدير، غرب هرم ونيس بوسط سقارة، حيث تم وصف العتب وترجمة نصه، بالوصف والترجمة تعليق يرتبط باسم المتوفى ولقبه وصيغة القربان حتب دي نسوت وصيغة برت خرو، كما تم استعراض الاسم الشخصي للمتوفى من حيث النطق والمعني وتاريخ ومكان ظهوره، ودراسة لقب المتوفى من حيث تأريخ ومكان ظهوره واستمراريته، مع أضافة التعليق على نعوت أنوبيس الأربعة الواردة على العتب، وسُجل الشكل الجديد على هذا العتب لكتابة اسم المتوفى، سشم نفر، مع استعراض بداية ظهور صيغة برت خرو نت، مع اقتراح نهاية الدولة القديمة كتأريخ لهذا العتب بناء على عدة ملامح، تتمثل في موقع الاكتشاف واللقى الأثرية بنفس بئر الاكتشاف والاسم الشخصي للمتوفى وطريقة كتابته ولقبه وصيغ القربان الجنائزية. [En] This research is a study of a limestone lintel uncovered recently in Gisr El-Mudir cemetery, west of Unas’ Pyramid at central Saqqara. The lintel is described, and its text is translated. Then a commentary will be provided, focusing on the deceased's personal name, titles, together withand formulae. The deceased’s name is reviewed in terms of pronunciation, meaning, date, and place of appearance. The title of the deceased is studied in terms of the date and place of presence and continuity. The four epithets of Anubis mentioned on the lintel are commented on. A new form of writing the name of the deceased, Seshemnefer, is attested on the lintel. The appearance of is presented. Based on several features, the end of the Old Kingdom is suggested as the date for this lintel. These include the location of the discovery, other finds in the same shaft of the discovery, the personal name of the deceased and the way it is written, his title, and the funerary offering formulae.
Multi-criteria supplier evaluation/selection by considering ethical factors under uncertainty

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

In recent years, companies pay more attention to ethic and ethical issues have become a key determinant of performance in the business arena. This is not an area which has been systematically examined. From the literature, it appears to be assumed that the supplier selection is multiple attribute decision making/multiple criteria decision making (MADM/MCDM) problem, information and performances usually incomplete and uncertain, and supplier ethics is becoming another key factor to consider, too. The question typically posed is; how ethical factor can be modelled formally for an established MCDM models? In this paper, we propose a new interval TOPSIS-based procedure to resolve this problem. So, the proposed method has a capability to identify a measure of unethical performance with input and output system balancing, and consist of the two-step. In the first step, a new interval TOPSIS-based approach is used, results of this step are input for conventional interval TOPSIS method in the second step. The results indicate that the accuracy of the decision has been increased by considering the ethical factors.
HUMANE PHILOSOPHY AND THE QUESTION OF PROGRESS

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract According to some recent critics, philosophy has not progressed over the course of its history because it has not exhibited any substantial increase in the stock of human wisdom. I reject this pessimistic conclusion by arguing that such criticisms employ a conception of progress drawn from the sciences which is inapplicable to a humanistic discipline such as philosophy. Philosophy should not be understood as the accumulation of epistemic goods in a manner analogous to the natural sciences. I argue that the progressiveness of philosophy consists, if anything, in its capacity to provoke and sustain critical reflections upon the ideas and practices which shape and guide human life.
Are You Happy with The Way Your Body Looks in Midlife?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Purpose: The years between 40 to the early 60’s in the human life span is referred to as the Midlife period. It is also considered as an important period in one’s life, referred to as the transition period. By this age it is generally assumed that a person would have more free time in their hands, as they get settled/established in their career and with the children hitting their teens and no longer demanding a lion’s share of their spare time, one is free to socialise, introspect, explore new avenues etc. Traditionally it is believed that people are more fixated or obsessed with their outwardly appearance up until their 40, s and as they hit their midlife, they tend to become more relaxed on their outward appearance and physique. In the current scenario where people are locked up indoors due to the Covid19 pandemic. Working, Socialising, recreation is facilitated by some or the other social media platform. The issue here is that these platforms not only show us the other person, but you see yourself also on screen. Seeing themselves on screen is not something that the people in their midlife are used to. This over exposure of the unfiltered self, pitched against the others on screen make them conscious of their haves and have not’s. The massive boom of the beauty /fitness industry along with the new age/gen Selfie revolution has put a massive pressure on the human psyche to look perfect and flawless in every frame. People have become very aware of their body, body type, flaws and assets. Objective: This research was done to Understand the extent to which the people from a fitness group and who follow an exercise regime are conscious about the appearance of their specific body parts. Design/Methodology/Approach: Quantitative analysis with pre-established tool of body comparison scale. Findings/Results: Results showed that contrary to the general understanding that people become relaxed towards their appearance during their midlife, both, males and females were bothered about their physical features and appearance. Both the genders were equally concerned about size, weight, waist, physique and overall shape. Males were more bothered about the muscular attributes while females were shown to be more conscious about non muscular physical attributes. Hence the results clearly indicated that due to social media influence, people in midlife are really conscious, comparative and critical about their physical attributes and body, irrespective of their gender. Originality/Value: The study points out at how comparative the social circles make us towards our own bodies. Paper Type: Quantitative Analysis
The catalytic subunit of the first mannosyltransferase in the GPI biosynthetic pathway affects growth, cell wall integrity and hyphal morphogenesis in Candida albicans

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract CaGpi14 is the catalytic subunit of the first mannosyltransferase that is involved in the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) biosynthetic pathway in Candida albicans . We show that CaGPI14 is able to rescue a conditionally lethal gpi14 mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae , unlike its mammalian homologue. The depletion of this enzyme in C . albicans leads to severe growth defects, besides causing deficiencies in GPI anchor levels. In addition, CaGpi14 depletion results in cell wall defects and upregulation of the cell wall integrity response pathway. This in turn appears to trigger the osmotic‐stress dependent activation of the HOG1 pathway and an upregulation of HOG1 as well as its downstream target, SKO1 , a known suppressor of expression of hyphae‐specific genes. Consistent with this, mutants of CaGPI14 are unable to undergo hyphal transformations in different hyphae‐inducing media, under conditions that produce abundant hyphae in the wild‐type cells. Hyphal defects in the CaGPI14 mutants could not be attributed either to reduced protein kinase C activation or to defective Ras signalling in these cells but appeared to be driven by perturbations in the HOG1 pathway. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Disjointed Pathway for Malonate Degradation by Rhodopseudomonas palustris

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

There is interest in understanding how bacteria metabolize malonate because this three-carbon dicarboxylic acid can serve as a building block in bioengineering applications to generate useful compounds that have an odd number of carbons. We found that the phototrophic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris grows extremely slowly on malonate. We identified two enzymes and two TRAP transporters involved in the uptake and metabolism of malonate, but some of these elements are apparently not very efficient. R. palustris cells growing with malonate have the potential to be excellent biocatalysts, because cells would be able to divert cellular resources to the production of value-added compounds instead of using them to support rapid growth. In addition, our results suggest that R. palustris is a candidate for directed evolution studies to improve growth on malonate and to observe the kinds of genetic adaptations that occur to make a metabolic pathway operate more efficiently.
Extreme environments—flying, altitude, diving

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Flying presents potential physiological challenges: modest hypoxia, gas expansion/ contraction with ascent/ descent, recirculation of air with increased risk of air-borne infection. Hypoxia of high altitude may lead to high altitude illness, comprising acute mountain sickness, which is generally minor and self-limiting, and high altitude pulmonary or cerebral oedema, which are serious and even life threatening. Increased recreational diving has raised the awareness of respiratory problems at depth. These can essentially be divided into five: barotrauma, e.g. ruptured bullae and pneumothorax, worsening of pre-existing disorder whilst at depth, e.g. asthma, nitrogen gas evolved from solution in body fluids (the ‘bends’), breath-hold diving and ascent hypoxia, pulmonary oedema.
Mathematics anxiety and attitude level of students of the faculty of economics and business administrator; The Turkey model

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In this study the relationship among mathematics anxiety, mathematics attitude, and mathematics success of the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration students were examined. The sample of the study included 1440 students from the Business Administration, Economics and Finance departments of nine universities in Turkey. The ‘Math Anxiety Scale’ and ‘Math Attitude Scale’ instruments were used. Demographic information form which was prepared by the authors of this paper was also used. The variance analysis, chi-square, independent samples, t test techniques were used for statistical analyses. According to the results of the analyses, there is no relationship between the level of mathematics anxiety and gender, but the level of mathematics anxiety, department, class, mathematics success and general academic success are related. The Finance department students have higher level of mathematics anxiety than the others. While the mathematics success is decreasing, the level of mathematics anxiety is increasing. However, while the level of mathematics anxiety is increasing, the general academic success is also increasing. Finally, we presented some special strategies for studying mathematics, doing homework, and taking exams in an aim to avoid from the math anxiety.
Total failure of spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery, associated factors, and outcomes: A retrospective case–control study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Spinal anesthesia is the anesthetic technique of choice for patients undergoing cesarean delivery. In the present study, total spinal anesthesia failure was defined as a case when an absent blockade or inadequate surgery required general anesthesia administration with an endotracheal tube. This study aimed to investigate factors related to this condition and report its maternal and neonatal outcomes. This retrospective matched case–control study was conducted by recruiting 110 patients with failed spinal anesthesia and 330 control patients from September 1, 2016, to April 30, 2020, in the largest university hospital, Thailand. Of 12,914 cesarean deliveries, 12,001 patients received single-shot spinal anesthesia (92.9%) during the study period. Total spinal anesthesia failure was experienced by 110/12,001 patients, giving an incidence of 0.9%. Factors related to the failures were a patient body mass index (BMI) ≤29.5 kg/m 2 (adjusted odds ratio 1.9; 95% confidence interval 1.2–3.1; P = .010) and a third-year resident (the most senior trainee) performing the spinal block (adjusted odds ratio 2.4; 95% confidence interval 1.5–3.7; P < .001). In the group with failed spinal anesthesia, neonatal Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes were lower than those of the control group (both P < .001). Two patients in the failed spinal anesthesia group (2/110; 1.8%) had difficult airways and desaturation. Independent factors associated with total spinal anesthesia failure were a BMI of ≤29.5 kg/m 2 and a third-year resident performing the spinal block. Although the incidence of total failure was infrequent, there were negative consequences for the mothers and neonates. Adjusting the dose of bupivacaine according to the weight and height of a patient is recommended, with a higher dose appropriate for patients with a lower BMI.
An Exploration of Evolving Learning Communities in the Micro Firm Rural Tourism Context: A Multi-Country Study

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Rural stakeholder collaborations are considered pivotal to successful rural development. In this context a growing body of micro firm related tourism research acknowledges the value of collaborative learning networks and the learning relationships that develop within. However little research reveals how micro firms learn independently in the practice of tourism development in an ‘evolving learning community’ context. Drawing from Lave and Wenger’s (1991) community of practice perspective, this research seeks to explore the elements and relationships that influence learning in an evolving learning community (LC) in the micro firm rural tourism context. An evolving LC is defined as a group of businesses (micro firms) who collaborate with one another and other stakeholders in their community for the purpose of tourism development; in doing so they build shared meaning and learn in practice, as the community evolves from one stage to another. A comprehensive literature review reveals key criteria which influence evolving LC structures and interrelationships. These criteria are explored through two longitudinal interpretive case studies in tourism practitioner communities in Canada and Wales. Employed research techniques comprised interviews, observation, LC communication review and reflective diary maintenance. The findings offer insights into how the catalyst, structure and leadership, learning strategies, LC resources, communication, participation and identity and boundary criteria support or impede micro firm learner autonomy and influence the evolving LC’s learning dynamic. Recommendations are offered into optimised evolving LC support mechanisms at local, regional and national level; ultimately contributing to rural regional policy development in each domain.
"The Drunkard's Death": 19th-century Polish Translations

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

"The Drunkard's Death," the concluding tale of the Second Series of Sketches by Boz, continues to stir critical interest, especially within drinking studies. Due to both its thematization of alcohol and literary execution, it was often selected for translation in the 19th century, in some cases being the first work by Dickens to appear in particular countries. This paper examines its two anonymous 19th-century translations into Polish (the first one published in 1841 in Cracow and the second one in 1845 in Warsaw), the only available versions in this language. Attention is given to the major differences between the two translations in terms of strategic decisions and micro-stylistic aspects. Degrees of domestication as regards topography, culture-related elements and linguistic issues are analysed as well as stylistic solutions adopted by the translators that either deform the original in terms of its artistry or influence the reception of the story.
Out-of-phase Ventiilation Observed With Dynamic Hyperpolarized Xenon-129 Mri In A Pig Thoracic Insu!ciency Syndrome Model

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In a pilot study of thoracic insufficiency syndrome in a pig model, we demonstrated dynamic hyperpolarized xenon-129 (HXe) MRI’s ability to noninvasively measure respiratory dysfunction in terms of gas distribution and mixing in the lungs, and specifically showed ‘out of phase’ ventilation in constricted regions of the lung. This marker of ventilation—i.e., the temporal characteristic of signal build-up during inhalation and its wash-out during exhalation—is inaccessible without our dynamic imaging technique. This technique can be implemented clinically to enhance our understanding of TIS pathophysiology and evaluate treatment strategies aimed at fostering age appropriate alveolarization.