jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Draft Forecasts from Real-Time Runs of Physics-Based Models - A Road to the Future

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) is a US inter-agency activity aiming at research in support of the generation of advanced space weather models. As one of its main functions, the CCMC provides to researchers the use of space science models, even if they are not model owners themselves. The second focus of CCMC activities is on validation and verification of space weather models, and on the transition of appropriate models to space weather forecast centers. As part of the latter activity, the CCMC develops real-time simulation systems that stress models through routine execution. A by-product of these real-time calculations is the ability to derive model products, which may be useful for space weather operators. After consultations with NOAA/SEC and with AFWA, CCMC has developed a set of tools as a first step to make real-time model output useful to forecast centers. In this presentation, we will discuss the motivation for this activity, the actions taken so far, and options for future tools from model output.
III.—New Species of Cretaceous Bryozoa

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The second volume of the Catalogue of Cretaceous Bryozoa in the British Museum, of which the manuscript has been completed, contains the description of various new Cretaceous species. Such, a catalogue inevitably takes some months in passing through the press, during which it might happen that the species were anticipated by description elsewhere. To avoid the risk of reduplication of the names it is most convenient to publish the diagnoses. Fuller accounts of the species, with illustrations, will be given in the Catalogue.
Building Specialized Nursing Practice Capacity in Bangladesh: An Educational Program to Prepare Nurses to Care for Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant Patients in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

In 2012, the Minister of Health and other leaders in the Bangladesh government approached Massachusetts General Hospital to establish the country’s first bone marrow transplant program at Dhaka Medical College Hospital to serve the needs of the people of Bangladesh. Stated goals of this collaboration included a broad focus on the care of oncology patients with a specific emphasis on care of patients with hematologic malignancies and of women with gynecologic cancers. The purpose of this article is to describe the international nursing collaboration between Massachusetts General Hospital, Simmons College, the AK Khan Healthcare Trust in Dhaka, and Dhaka Medical College Hospital that was established to share nursing knowledge and to build specialized professional nursing capacities to deliver high-quality cancer care in the public sector. Over the past 3 years, through the educational programs that have been developed within this collaboration—the Enhanced Specialized Nurse Training Program—the Bangladeshi nurses have received continuing professional development based on Western standards of nursing and have been offering nursing care to patients who have undergone chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. The challenges, opportunities, and outcomes of this international collaboration have been highly rewarding and mutually beneficial.
A Consideration on Kokālika in saṃgha breaking event

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

파승가는 승단의 분열이라는 특성상 제바달다 1인이 할 수 있는 사건이 아니다. 그러다 보니 다수의 동조자들이 존재하게 되는데, 구가리와 같은 경우는 이러한 동조자들 중에서도 최후까지 제바달다를 따르는 핵심동조자 4인 중 1명이다. 그러므로 구가리에 대한 보다 정확한 이해는 파승가와 붓다 만년의 근본불교에 대한 이해의 폭을 넓혀 준다는 점에서 그 의의를 확보할 수 있다.BR 구가리가 실질적으로 관여하고 있는 파승가의 측면은 전체적이다. 파승가가 제바달다에게서 결정되는 부분에서부터 시작하여 승단분열 이후에는 사리불과 목건련을 견제하는 부분, 그리고 제바달다의 오류를 지적하는 부분과 사리불과 목건련에 의해서 대다수의 지지자들이 불교승단으로 되돌아가게 되었을 때, 책임의 대상이 되는 부분까지 구가리는 제바달다와 더불어 파승가의 시종을 함께하고 있다. 즉, 구가리는 파승가에 있어서 제바달다 다음가는 핵심 인물이었던 것이다.BR 파승가는 집단에 의한 사건이라는 점을 고려하면 조력자의 역할 역시 중요하다. 그런데도 불구하고 지금까지의 우리는 문제를 너무 제바달다 1인만을 중심으로 해서 파악한 측면이 있다. 구가리에 대한 정리를 통해서 제바달다가 어떻게 지지기반을 확보ㆍ유지했으며, 핵심동조자들이 끝까지 불교교단으로 회귀하지 않고 제바달다를 따르게 된 이유에 관해 우리는 보다 타당한 인식에 도달해 보게 된다. 이는 파승가에 있어서 보다 높은 이해를 확보할 수 있는 측면이라고 하겠다. 즉, 파승가의 이해와 초기불교의 승단이해에 있어서 구가리에 과한 측면은 주목되지 않을 수 없는 것이다.
Centro de atención de la salud mental comunitario + hogar protegido en nuevo chimbote - ancash

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In the present investigation it starts from an urban analysis and diagnosis of the \nterritory of Nuevo Chimbote concluding in an architectural proposal, giving solution \nto a social problem that is mental health, at present the services provided in this \nsector are limited since there is no infrastructure focused on the subject, in such a \nway it becomes a necessity that needs to be covered to control the high numbers of \npeople with mental health problems. It is remarkable how this issue is not prioritized \nby governments despite its importance and the impact it has on society. \n \nThe structure of the research is through chapters that contains theoretical \nframework, methodology, location and programmatic research through qualitative \nand quantitative data, resulting in the design of the architectural project according to \nthe needs of the target user, this is based on the requirements of the new model of \ncommunity mental health care focused on environments that seek patient care, \nrehabilitation and reintegration. On the other hand, it is important to provide a \ncomplementary service to people in street situations that support these people to be \nintegrated with the population. It will be based on 3 elements: nature, integration, \ninfrastructure, that through a balance generate an environment of comfort and \nimprovement of the patient.
Individual Battlefield Status

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Newly revised and updated, The Law of Armed Conflict, introduces students to the law of war in an age of terrorism. What law of armed conflict (LOAC) or its civilian counterpart, international humanitarian law (IHL), applies in a particular armed conflict? Are terrorists bound by that law? What constitutes a war crime? What (or who) is a lawful target and how are targeting decisions made? What are 'rules of engagement' and who formulates them? How can an autonomous weapon system be bound by the law of armed conflict? Why were the Guantánamo military commissions a failure? Featuring new chapters, this book takes students through these topics and more, employing real-world examples and legal opinions from the US and abroad. From Nuremberg to 9/11, from courts-martial to the US Supreme Court, from the nineteenth century to the twenty-first, the law of war is explained, interpreted, and applied with clarity and depth.
The analysis of treatment for 76 cases of funclinal dyspepsia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To explore the methods of treatment for funectional dyspepsia.Methods:Using rational emotive therapy and morita therapy combined with emI:depressant drugs for 76 cases.Results:The overall therapeulic effective rate was 91%. Conclusion :There is significant correlation between functional dyspepsia and effective disorders.It is idea and efficient method of treatment to combine psychology with medication.
The application of fast adaptive wavelet expansion method in the computation of parameter matrices of multiple lossy transmission lines

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The resistance and inductance matrices for multiple lossy transmission lines are evaluated from a two-dimensional field solution. This field solution is obtained by using a wavelet expansion method to solve a set of surface integral equations. The original two-dimensional integral equations are converted into one-dimensional integral equations by mapping the conductor surfaces into a periodic Hilbert space. The new operators are then expanded into wavelets by the modified nonstandard decomposition method. An Nlog(N) algorithm is obtained by employing the fast wavelet transform. The computational complexity of the matrix elements is reduced greatly by utilizing piecewise polynomial decompositions. The computation time is also reduced significantly by increasing the resolution levels of the wavelets; instead of increasing the number of basis functions, in order to accurately represent the behavior of the normal derivative at low frequencies. In addition, a very sparse and well conditioned matrix is obtained. As a result, the frequency range of the integral equation method has been extended at least three orders magnitude toward the lower end, than was feasible using conventional basis functions by Tsuk and Kong (see IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Technique, vol.39, no.8, 1991).< >
Modeling individual migration decisions

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We summarize recent research that formulates life cycle models of migration which are estimated using longitudinal data. These models consider multiple destinations and multiple periods. The framework oers a unified view applicable to internal and international migration flows, however data limitations severely hinder studies of international migration. As is common in modeling life cycle decision‐making, strong assumptions are imposed. Yet, most critical assumptions are empirically testable. The primary advantage is that these models oer an interpretable economic framework for evaluating policy alternatives and other counterfactual thought‐experiments that oer insight on behavioral determinants and tools for improved policy making.
The Immune Response to Polio Virus After Natural Infection and Immunization with Oral Polio Vaccine: A Panoramic View of the Issues and Problems

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Poliomyelitis has been ravaging many developing countries especially those in sub-Sahara Africa. The cumulated number of children with wild poliovirus recorded has been increasing astronomically especially in Africa continent and particularly in Nigeria. This article reviews the immunophysiology of infection; and immunological response in serum and secretions following natural infection or immunization with oral polio vaccine. Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol.46(3) 2004: 50-55
THE EFFECT OF TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE ON NITROGEN, ELECTROLYTE, WATER AND ENERGY METABOLISM IN EUNUCHOIDISM1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In a preceding study of the effects of long-continued treatment of eunuchoids with testosterone propionate (1), a surprising and consistent increase in body weight was observed, amounting from 1.5 to 2.0 kg. in 10 days and to 4.5 to 8.5 kg. in 28 to 64 days. This increase in weight was, in all 4 patients, accompanied by fulness of the face, in 1 by pitting edema of the ankles, and in 1 by puffing of the hands, indicating a gain in body water. In 2, however, an unmistakable increase in food intake was reported by the patients, and although, in 3, reduction of the dose of testosterone propionate or its discontinuance led to a rapid loss of at least part of the weight gained, in 1 only (H. K.), an insignificant loss appeared, as if tissue had been materially augmented by the course of treatment. Studies in 1 patient (N. T.), through such a period of weight gain showed a slight rise in the B.M.R. indicating that depression of the resting oxygen consumption was not of importance. Moricard and Bize (2) in boys, and Foss (3) in a eunuch, had also noticed this gain in weight with testosterone compounds, as had Usui and his coworkers (4) with a urinary androgen in 3 eunuchoids. Korenchevsky, Dennison and Brovsin (5) report somewhat lower weights for the body as a whole, liver, heart and kidneys in castrated rats than in controls and found that certain dosages of testosterone elevated these weights toward normal. They speak accordingly of an anabolic property of testosterone.
Plasma Cell Dyscrasia with Polyneuropathy - POEMS Syndrome Presenting with Vasculitic Skin Lesions and Responding to Combination Chemotherapy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We report a 61-year-old male patient who presented with severe sensorimotor neuropathy, leg edema and skin lesions with M-paraprotein and 50% plasma cells in the bone marrow. The POEMS (Crow-Fukase) syndrome was diagnosed and the skin lesions were compatible with vasculitis according to the histopathology. The patient was treated with aggressive combined chemotherapy, which induced improvement in both the clinical and laboratory parameters of his disease. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of a vasculitic process underlying the skin changes in the POEMS syndrome. Our findings may shed light on the unknown pathogenesis of this syndrome and the successful results of treatment support the adoption of an aggressive therapeutic approach in symptomatic patients.
The Effect of Early Six-Minute Walking Test Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft on Walking Tolerance and Physiological Parameters

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: The 6-minute walking test is a commonly easy test that does not need advanced
training. It is used for evaluating the functional status and exercise tolerance of patients with heart
diseases. It provides consistent information about the patient’s daily activity, the effect of
treatment, and the prognosis. Aim: To evaluate the effect of an early six-minute walking test
(6MWT) post coronary artery bypass graft on walking tolerance and physiological parameters.
Setting: This study was conducted at the cardiothoracic intensive care unit (ICU) at Mansoura
University Hospital in Egypt. Method: A quasi-experimental design was utilized in this research. A
convenience sample of 60 adult patients who were scheduled for and underwent coronary artery
bypass graft was enrolled in this study. Data were collected using ‘physiological parameters and
six minutes walking test assessment tool’. It involved three parts: Part I: Participants'
demographic and health profile data, Part II: Physiological parameters, and six minutes walking
test observation checklist and Part III: Borg rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale. Results: No
significant differences were noted (p=≤ 0.05) between the intervention and control groups regarding
gender, age, smoking status, and body mass index. However, there were significant differences
between the two groups concerning the length of stay on mechanical ventilation, the time of six
minute walking test after extubation, complaining from dyspnea and fatigue, and the number of rest
periods. Conclusion and Recommendations: The implementation of an early 6MWT post
coronary artery bypass grafting improved patients' physiological parameters and walking tolerance.
Therefore, nurses should attend a training program on the implementation of early 6MWT for post
operative patients in the cardiothoracic intensive care units. Additionally, the 6MWT guidelines
and standards should be available in all hospitals to facilitate and enhance the success of cardiac
rehabilitation programs.
MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS WITHIN THE FILAMENTARY INFRARED DARK CLOUD G34.43+0.24

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present molecular line observations, made with angular resolutions of\n~20", toward the filamentary infrared dark cloud G34.43+0.24 using the APEX\n[CO(3-2), 13CO(3-2), C18O(3-2) and CS(7-6) transitions], Nobeyama 45 m\n[CS(2-1), SiO(2-1), C34S(2-1), HCO+(1-0), H13CO+(1-0) and CH3OH(2-1)\ntransitions], and SEST [CS(2-1) and C18O(2-1) transitions] telescopes. We find\nthat the spatial distribution of the molecular emission is similar to that of\nthe dust continuum emission observed with 11" resolution showing a filamentary\nstructure and four cores. The cores have local thermodynamic equilibrium masses\nranging from 3.3x10^2 - 1.5x10^3 solar masses and virial masses from 1.1x10^3 -\n1.5x10^3 solar masses, molecular hydrogen densities between 1.8x10^4 and\n3.9x10^5 cm^{-3}, and column densities >2.0x10^{22} cm^{-2}; values\ncharacteristics of massive star forming cores. The 13CO(3-2) profile observed\ntoward the most massive core reveals a blue profile indicating that the core is\nundergoing large-scale inward motion with an average infall velocity of 1.3\nkm/s and a mass infall rate of 1.8x10^{-3} solar masses per year. We report the\ndiscovery of a molecular outflow toward the northernmost core thought to be in\na very early stage of evolution. We also detect the presence of high velocity\ngas toward each of the other three cores, giving support to the hypothesis that\nthe excess 4.5 $\\mu$ emission ("green fuzzies") detected toward these cores is\ndue to shocked gas. The molecular outflows are massive and energetic, with\nmasses ranging from 25 -- 80 solar masses, momentum 2.3 - 6.9x10^2 \\Msun km/s,\nand kinetic energies 1.1 - 3.6x10^3 \\Msun km^2 s^{-2}; indicating that they are\ndriven by luminous, high-mass young stellar objects.\n
Connections Between Simply Supported Concrete Beams Made Continuous: Results of NCHRP Project 12-53

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Precast bridge girders can be made continuous for live loads with the provision of a moment connection over the supports. NCHRP Project 12-53 examined methods for making this type of moment connection. This is usually done by placing negative moment reinforcement in a cast-in-place deck over the support and by placing a diaphragm between the girder ends. To counteract positive moments caused by creep and shrinkage, positive moment connections are often provided at the girder ends. An experimental study of the strength of six different positive moment details, involving either extended strand or extended bar, was conducted. The results showed that all details had sufficient strength. Details using additional stirrups in the diaphragm were found to have increased ductility, and the use of horizontal web bars increased capacity. Two full-size specimens were tested to determine the level of continuity after cracking occurs at the joints. One of these specimens was also monitored for several months to determine the effects of creep, shrinkage, and temperature on the connections. It was found that expansion and contraction of the deck caused by heat of hydration and changes in ambient temperature greatly affected the system. However, an anticipated formation of negative moment caused by differential shrinkage did not occur. Even when the positive moment connection was near failure, the system maintained 70% continuity even when cracked. The system was also found to have adequate negative moment capacity.
Systematic Review of Hormonal Contraception and Risk of Venous Thrombosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Hormonal contraception (HC) is widely used throughout the world and has been associated with venous thrombosis (VT) such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary emboli, and cerebral VT. Objectives: To provide a current comprehensive overview of the risk of objectively confirmed VT with HC in healthy women compared to nonusers. Search methods: PubMed was searched from inception to April 2018 for eligible studies in the English language, with hand searching from past systematic reviews. Selection criteria: We selected original research evaluating risk of objectively confirmed VT in healthy women taking oral or nonoral HC compared with nonusers. Data collection: The primary outcome of interest was a fatal or nonfatal VT in users of HC compared to nonusers or past users. Studies with at least twenty events were eligible. Adjusted relative risks with 95 percent confidence intervals were reported. Three independent reviewers extracted data from selected studies. Results: 1,962 publications were retrieved through the search strategy, with 15 publications included. Users of oral contraception with levonorgesterol had increased risk of VT by a range of 2.79–4.07, while other oral hormonal preparations increased risk by 4.0–48.6. Levonorgestrel intrauterine devices did not increase risk. Etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol vaginal rings increased the risk of VT by 6.5. Norelgestromin/ethinyl estradiol patches increased risk of VT by 7.9. Etonogestrel subcutaneous implants by 1.4 and depot-medroxyprogesterone by 3.6. The risk of fatal VT was increased in women aged fifteen to twenty-four by 18.8-fold. Conclusion: Users of HC have a significant increased risk of VT compared to nonusers. Current risks would project at least 300–400 healthy young women dying yearly in the United States due to HC. Women should be informed of these risks and offered education in fertility-awareness-based methods with comparable efficacy for family planning. Summary: HC is widely used throughout the world and has been associated with blood clots in the legs and lungs. We searched the literature and found the risks of currently used forms of birth control increased between three- and ninefold for blood clots for healthy women. The risks found would project 300–400 women dying from using HC each year in the United States.
Relational Cohesion in Palaeolithic Europe: Hominin-Cave Bear Interactions in Moravia and Silesia, Czech Republic, During OIS3

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This book examines how human interactions with animals, in particular now extinct cave bears (Ursus spelaeu), affected the social lives of prehistoric hunter-gatherers (hominins – Neanderthals and AMH) living in Central Europe (Moravia and Silesia/Eastern Czech Republic) during OIS3 (c. 60,000-24,000 Cal. BP). The author adopts a multidisciplinary approach, using published literature, animal remains, digital data, and GIS, together with odontometric and tooth-wear analyses, and spatial reconstruction techniques to identify potential interactions between hominins and cave bears. New theoretical concepts are used to interpret the results and as a means for making statements about the role that cave bears, and potential interactions with cave bears, played in the social lives of hominins. After the introduction Chapter 2 explores what interactions are, discusses and highlights the main issues associated with human-animal interactions, and outlines the approaches adopted. Chapter 3 presents an overview of cave bears, discussing issues such as the history of cave-bear research, cave-bear phylogeny, evidence for their presence, their geographical and chronological distribution, important elements of their ecology, biology, physiology, and ethology, and existing evidence for human use of their remains and cave-bear depictions. Chapter 4 presents a thorough overview of the case study, looking in particular at issues such as climate, geology, topography, flora, and fauna, hominins and cave bears in the study region, and the specific case study sites chosen for this book. Chapter 5 creates a digital framework, mapping site locations, lithic raw material outcrops, topography, palaeohydrology, palaeovegetation, friction maps, prey species distribution and diversity maps. Chapters 6 and 7 map cave-bear and hominin distribution patterns, and Chapter 8 brings the results of Chapters 6 and 7 together, identifying potential interactions between the two. In the final chapter the author discuss the significance of the results of the book both in terms of hominins and cave bears within the study region during OIS3, and within a wider zoological, spatial and temporal context.