jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Discovering latent structures in syntax trees and mixed-type data

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Gibbs sampling is a widely applied algorithm to estimate parameters in statistical models. This thesis uses Gibbs sampling to resolve practical problems, especially on natural language processing and mixed type data. It includes three independent studies. The first study includes a Bayesian model for learning latent annotations. The technique is capable of parsing sentences in a wide variety of languages, producing results that are on-par with or surpass previous approaches in accuracy, and shows promising potential for parsing low-resource languages. The second study presents a method to automatically complete annotations from partially-annotated sentence data, with the help of Gibbs sampling. The algorithm significantly reduces the time required to annotate sentences for natural language processing, without a significant drop in annotation accuracy. The last study proposes a novel factor model for uncovering latent factors and exploring covariation among multiple outcomes of mixed types, including binary, count, and continuous data. Gibbs sampling is used to estimate model parameters. The algorithm successfully discovers correlation structures of mixed-type \ndata in both simulated and real-word data.
Webquest In Teaching Students

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The aim of this article is to substantiate the expediency of using WebQuests in teaching English at universities with the help of generalizing our own experience. The article attempts to analyze a perspective trend in the methodology of teaching English in the modern computerized world, which affects the implementation of educational tasks at all levels of education and dictates the need to use Internet resources. In the context of the outlined problems, a description of the experience in compiling WebQuests can be offered. The definition of the WebQuestis given based on the structure and type of the educational activity. The authors differentiate types of WebQuests and their significance for the teaching-learning process. It is stated that the results of the web quest, depending on the material being studied, can be presented in various forms. The article tackles the basic structure of the web quest. The attention to the teacher role in the process of work is attracted, as his focus on the tasks that he sets for himself and on the individual characteristics of his students is essential. The procedure of creating a template for a quest is described with certain details. It is mentioned how to assess the results of the quest. The article estimates the role of WebQuests in the process of teaching English.
Efficacy of a Spanish strain of Agrotis segetum granulosis virus (Baculoviridae) against Agrotis segetum Schiff. (Lep., Noctuidae) on corn

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The efficacy of a granulosis virus isolated in Spain from Agrotis segetum larvae (AsGV) was field tested and compared with chlorpyrifos and flucythrinate as control agents against A. segetum larvae on corn seedlings. The application of the AsGV through bran wheat bait provided a crop protection similar to that produced by chlorpyrifos and flucythrinate. Significant differences were not found between the levels of protection provided by AsGV when it was applied at a rate of 4.1 × 10 12 IB/ha or 4.1 × 10 13 IB/ha. Zusammenfassung Wirkung eines spanischen Stammes des Agrotis segetum‐Granulosevirus (Baculoviridae) auf Raupen von Agrotis segetum Schiff. (Lep., Noctuidae) an Mais Es wurde die Wirkung eines in Spanien aus Agrotis segetum ‐Raupen isolierten Stammes eines Granulosevirus (AsGV) gegen A. segetum ‐Rzupen — im Vergleich zu Chlorpyrifos und Flucythrinat — an jungen Maispflanzen im Freiland getestet. Die Ausbringung des AsGV mittels Weizenkleie‐Ködern führte zu einem Ertragschutz‐Effekt, der in seiner Höhe vergleichbar mit jenem bei Anwendung von Chlorpyrifos und Flucythrinat war. Signifikante Unterschiede bezüglich der Höhe des Schutzeffekts zwischen AsGV‐Raten von 4,1 × 10 12 IB/ha und 4,1 × 10 13 IB/ha wurden nicht festgestellt.
Chlorophyllin Inhibits Lipid Peroxidation Triggered by the Fenton Reaction

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The Fenton reaction was used to model a system in which particles similar to those formed during water radiolysis are created. A method of registering the chemiluminescence was applied to the analysis of the chlorophyllin-induced suppression of reactions caused by hydroxyl radicals. It has been shown that sodium copper chlorophyllin dose-dependently inhibits the chemiluminescence which accompanies the Fenton-mediated oxidation of phosphatidic acid. This leads us to conclude that copper chlorophyllin can inhibit the metabolism of lipid radiotoxins, also known as lipid peroxidation, caused by the attack of water radiolysis products to lipid molecules.
Probiotics and Disease: A Comprehensive Summary-Part 8, Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Disorders.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This article series provides a literature review of the disease-specific probiotic strains associated with gastrointestinal and genitourinary disorders studied in published clinical trials in humans and animals. This is not an exhaustive review. The table design allows for quick access to supportive data and will be helpful as a guide for both researchers and clinicians. The goal of the probiotics and disease series is to provide clinically useful tools. The first article (part 1) focused on mental health and neurological conditions; the second article (part 2) explored cultured and fermented foods that are commonly available in the United States; the third article (part 3) explored the relationship between bacterial strains and 2 of the most prevalent diseases we have in modern society: cardiometabolic disease and fatigue syndromes; the fourth article (part 4) elucidated the role of the microbiome in infectious diseases; the fifth article (part 5) explored respiratory conditions of the ears, nose, and throat; and the sixth article (part 6) explored the relationship between beneficial microbiota and skin disorders. The seventh article (part 7) reviewed the relationship between beneficial microbiota and autoimmune diseases, allergies, asthma, and other immunity-related disorders. This article (part 8) will explore the unique relationship between bacterial strains and gastrointestinal and genitourinary diseases associated with dysbiosis. Future articles will review the influence of the microbiome on cancer development and prognosis, followed by an article focused on probiotic supplements. This literature review is specific to disease condition, probiotic classification, and individual strain.
‘The tennis club is my safe space’: assessing the positive impact of playing tennis on LGBT+ people in Australia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article reports on a national study commissioned by Tennis Australia to assess the positive role that sport, specifically tennis, has on the lives of LGBT+ people in Australia. It explores specifically the role of tennis in building social solidarity and community capital through leisurely and organised sporting activities. Theoretically, this paper is anchored in the work of Putnam, where we demonstrate how sport promotes and bridges social capital. Scholarship that explores how sport can be a source of celebration and enjoyment for LGBT+ people remains underexplored. To gain comprehensive insights into the perceptions and lived experiences of LGBT+ tennis players, we employed a qualitative research design drawing on the methods of semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and participant observation. In total 27 interviews were conducted, 3 focus groups and over 50 hours of observations at various LGBT+ tennis clubs and tournaments in Sydney, Hobart, Perth and Melbourne. Our paper makes a significant contribution to scholarship by assessing the ways in which sport can advance inclusion efforts for LGBT+ people, and positively impact their lives and overall wellbeing. Our research clearly indicated that those who play tennis reported improvement in their mental and physical health whilst also enhancing their social capital.
Supplemental Table 2 from Intratumoral CD14<sup>+</sup> Cells and Circulating CD14<sup>+</sup>HLA-DR<sup>lo/neg</sup> Monocytes Correlate with Decreased Survival in Patients with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Supplemental Table 2. Univariate and multivariable associations of CD14 expression with death from RCC for 375 patients with ccRCC</p>
Innovative credit card fraud detection: A hybrid model combining artificial neural networks and support vector machines

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

<p>In recent years, escalating fraudulent activities have led to significant financial losses across industries, intensifying the critical challenge of fraud detection. This study introduces a novel hybrid model that combines artificial neural networks (ANN) with support vector machines (SVM) to construct a robust additive model for fraud detection. Emphasizing the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE), our investigation addresses the imbalanced nature of fraud versus non-fraud transactions. The clear novelty of our research lies in the seamless integration of these two powerful tools, offering a comprehensive and effective solution to the challenges posed by credit card fraud detection. Furthermore, our study stands out by emphasizing the collaborative synergy between ANN and SVM, particularly through the integration of multiple kernels, which improves the adaptability and accuracy of the proposed hybrid model. We conducted a thorough examination of 284,807 anonymized transactions, placing special emphasis on comparing the hybrid approach's performance and showcasing its superiority over traditional methodologies in the realm of fraud detection.</p>
Changes and meaning of Serum IL-4, IL-10, IFN-gamma, TGF-beta 1 level in patients with delayed encepha-lopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective
To study changes and meaning of serum IL-4,IL-10,IFN-gamma, TGF-beta 1 level in patients with delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning.

Methods
From January 2011 and June 2014 in our hospital,40 cases of DEACMP patients were selected as group A; the 40 patients with DEACMP was divided into 12 cases of mild cognitive dysfunction, mild cognitive dysfunction in 20 cases,8 cases of severe cognitive dysfunction.40 cases with acute carbon monoxide poisoning(ACMP)patients were selected as group B;40 cases of healthy subjects were selected as healthy controls. Serum interleukin 4 and interleukin 10(IL-4)(IL-10), interferon gamma(IFN-gamma), conversion, growth factor beta 1(TGF-beta 1)content were tested.

Results
In Group A and group B serum IL-4 levels were lower than that of healthy controls(P<0.01), and serum levels of IL-10 in group B were higher than that in group A and healthy controls(P<0.01), serum level of IFN-gamma in group A and group B was higher than the healthy controls(P<0.01), and in group A IFN-gamma levels were higher than group B(P<0.01), while in group A serum TGF-beta 1 level was lower than B group and the control group(P< 0.01), and in group B TGF-beta 1 level was higher than the control group(P<0.01);With cognitive impairment aggravating of DEACMP patients, IL-4,IL-10,TGF-beta 1 levels were on the decline, and IFN-gamma level was increasing(P<0.01).

Conclusion
DEACMP patients serum and cerebrospinal fluid of IL-4,IL-10, IFN-gamma, TGF-beta measures such as abnormal expression, showed that the onset of DEACMP may be related to neural immune injury. Serum IL-4,IL-10,IFN-gamma and TGF-beta of DEACMP patients exists abnormal expression Serum IL-4,IL-10,IFN-gamma and TGF-beta levels are also related to the degree of cognitive impairment of DEACMP patients. The onset and progress of DEACMP may be associated with neural immune injury.

Key words:
Carbon monoxide poisoning; Delayed encephalopathy after.Immune function damage; Mechanism
Multiple HLA Class II-Restricted Melanocyte Differentiation Antigens Are Recognized by Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes from a Patient with Melanoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Dramatic clinical responses were observed in patient 888 following the adoptive transfer of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). Previously, extensive analysis of the specificity of class I-restricted T cells from patient 888 TIL has revealed that these T cells recognize a mutated, as well as several nonmutated tumor Ags. Additional studies that were conducted on TIL from patient 888 indicated that they contained CD4-positive T cells that recognized the autologous tumor that had been induced to express HLA class II molecules. Tumor-reactive CD4-positive T cell clones were isolated from TIL and tested for their ability to react with Ags that are recognized by HLA class I-restricted, melanoma-reactive T cells. Using this approach, T cell clones were identified that recognized an epitope expressed in both the tyrosinase-related protein 1 and tyrosinase-related protein 2 Ags in the context of the HLA-DRβ1*1502 class II gene product. Additional clones were found to recognize an epitope of gp100 in the context of the same HLA-DR restriction element. These observations provide an impetus to develop strategies directed toward generating HLA class II-restricted tumor-reactive T cells.
© 1997 Cancer Research Campaign The risk profile of childhood leukaemia in Greece: a nationwide case-control study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary The risk profile of childhood leukaemia in Greece was studied through a case-control investigation that included all 153 incident cases of the disease, ascertained throughout the country during 1993 and 1994, and two hospital controls for every case matched for gender, age and place of residence. The data were analysed using conditional logistic regression and the associations are expressed in terms of adjusted odds ratios (OR) and their 95 % confidence intervals. Cases were born to mothers of a higher standard education, the OR for an increment of four schooling years being 1.48 (1.17-1.87) and had higher birth weight, the OR for an increment of 500 g being 1.36 (1.04-1.77). Pet ownership and birth after a pregnancy with anaemia were associated with increased risk, the ORs being 2.18 (1.14-4.16) and 2.60 (1.39-4.86) respectively. From the frequency analyses, indicative inverse associations were found with birth order, household crowding and previous hospitalization with allergic diseases, whereas indicative positive associations were found with diabetes mellitus
Visual servoing and robust object manipulation using symmetries and Conformai Geometric Algebra

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Object tracking and manipulation is an important process for many applications in robotics and computer vision. A novel 3D pose estimation of objects using reflectionally symmetry formulated in Conformai Geometric Algebra (CGA) is proposed in this work. The synthesis of the kinematics model for robots and a sliding mode controller using the CGA approach is described. Real time implementation results are presented for the pose estimation of object using a stereo vision system.
Emended description of Pasteuria nishizawae

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The description of the Gram-positive, obligately parasitic, mycelial and endospore-forming bacterium, Pasteuria nishizawae , is emended to include additional observations on the life cycle, host specificity and endospore morphology. The nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene is also provided.
Evolution of the Haptophyta and the molecular clock and the origin of the secondary endosymbiosis.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The cell division cycle and the circadian clock represent two major cellular rhythms. These two periodic processes are coupled in multiple ways, given that several molecular components of the cell cycle network are controlled in a circadian manner. For example, in the network of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) that governs progression along the successive phases of the cell cycle, the synthesis of the kinase Wee1, which inhibits the G2/M transition, is enhanced by the complex CLOCK-BMAL1 that plays a central role in the circadian clock network. Another component of the latter network, REV-ERBα, inhibits the synthesis of the Cdk inhibitor p21. Moreover, the synthesis of the oncogene c-Myc, which promotes G1 cyclin synthesis, is repressed by CLOCK-BMAL1. Using detailed computational models for the two networks we investigate the conditions in which the mammalian cell cycle can be entrained by the circadian clock. We show that the cell cycle can be brought to oscillate at a period of 24 h or 48 h when its autonomous period prior to coupling is in an appropriate range. The model indicates that the combination of multiple modes of coupling does not necessarily facilitate entrainment of the cell cycle by the circadian clock. Entrainment can also occur as a result of circadian variations in the level of a growth factor controlling entry into G1. Outside the range of entrainment, the coupling to the circadian clock may lead to disconnected oscillations in the cell cycle and the circadian system, or to complex oscillatory dynamics of the cell cycle in the form of endoreplication, complex periodic oscillations or chaos. The model predicts that the transition from entrainment to 24 h or 48 h might occur when the strength of coupling to the circadian clock or the level of growth factor decrease below critical values.
Clinical presentations of viral and parasitic diseases in HIV infection

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Представлений аналіз залежності клінічних проявів інфекцій вірусної і паразитарної етіології на тлі ВІЛ-інфекції від рівня CD4-лімфоцитів. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/26618
Determining Reliability Requirements and Testing Costs in the Early Stages of Single Use Medical Product Design

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT The production of single use medical devices, particularly for home use by patients, continues to grow, and the reliability of these devices is a primary concern for manufacturers and end‐users. The systems engineer tasked with the device development needs methods and tools to establish reliability requirements and provide cost estimates for the testing necessary to show compliance with those requirements. This paper examines methods for determining reliability requirements, the cost of reliability testing for single use medical devices in the design input phase of product development, and how the costs of testing and potential errors can be used to perform trade‐off analysis between reliability tolerance and confidence level.
Factors that Facilitate Patient Activation in Self-Management of Diabetes: A Qualitative Comparison across White and American Indian Cultures

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The United States (US) is plagued by a high-cost health care system producing lower than desired patient quality outcomes. In 2012, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was enacted to financially incentivize cost-effective models of care that improve the health of US citizens. One emerging solution is engaging patients with chronic conditions in self-management practices. Guided by Krieger's Eco-Social Theory, this study used semi-structured interviews, scales and a questionnaire to detect factors that facilitate patient activation of self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes. Managed and unmanaged participants were equally represented in the study sample. White participants and participants from two American Indian tribes located in Northeast Wisconsin were included in this study. Findings indicated the establishment of routine behavior and the ability to identify healthy alternatives when routines were disrupted support patient activation of self-management. Experiencing success such as weight loss was also identified as a factor in facilitating patient activation. Social roles and responsibilities challenged unmanaged patients. The study concluded that community, culture and environment have both a negative and positive influence on patient activation of self-management of type 2 diabetes. The current epidemics of obesity and diabetes create an apathetic response to the type 2-diabetes diagnosis that affects subsequent treatment and self-management in the communities studied. Aspects of local cultures such as unhealthy regional and tribal foods, lack of options for menu items low in carbohydrates and sugar in restaurants, high consumption of soda and alcohol and holidays/tribal events provide significant challenges for unmanaged patients. Workplace policies surrounding health insurance premiums had an impact on attendance at educational events but not on sustaining self-management behaviors. Positive aspects of the workplace include the imposition of structure and routine and the emotional support of colleagues. Warm seasons were also found to activate self-management by providing an opportunity for outdoor exercise and healthier modes of food preparation. Consistent with a previous study, high rates of childhood trauma were found among the study groups. However, findings did not support the hypothesis that levels of childhood trauma were linked to self-management. While some evidence of historical grief and loss along with associated symptoms was found among the American Indian populations, there was no correlation between managed condition and level of grief and loss. Further examination of the connection between childhood and historical trauma to the current obesity and diabetic epidemics in these communities is recommended. Recommendations for changes to public health and health care policy are included.
Chromosomal nondisjunction: the action of Colcemid on Chinese hamster cells <i>in vitro</i>

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Quantitative study has been carried out of the conditions under which exposure of Chinese hamster cells to Colcemid produces polyploidy, chromosomal aneuploidy and cell killing. Single cell survival curves indicate that survival decreases with increasing exposure time and drug concentration. However, for exposure periods of 24 to 48 hours and drug concentrations in the neighborhood of 0.05 to 0.9 <i>µ</i>g/ml, a plateau is reached at 20 to 50% survival. No appreciable change in chromosome counts occurs at or below 0.01 <i>µ</i>g/ml. At 0.015 <i>µ</i>g/ml, counts indicative of nondisjunction appear and increase, reaching a maximum at 0.02 <i>µ</i>g/ml. From 0.03 to 0.07 <i>µ</i>g/ml, approximately 80% of the cells are tetraploidized. A variety of clones with additional chromosomes can be obtained which may be useful for genetic-biochemical studies. Chromosome losses are also produced, but under the conditions employed here, these were generally inviable. The system appears to lend itself to screening of various agents for their ability to produce changes in chromosome number in mammalian cells <i>in vitro</i>.