jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PAGln, an Atrial Fibrillation-Linked Gut Microbial Metabolite, Acts as a Promoter of Atrial Myocyte Injury

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln), a gut microbiota (GM)-derived metabolite, is associated with cardiovascular disease. Studies have shown that disordered GM participated in the progression of atrial fibrillation (AF), but the relationship between PAGln and AF is unclear. This study investigated the characteristics of PAGln in AF patients and its impact on atrial myocytes. Based on our previous metagenomic data, the relative abundance of porA, a critical bacterial enzyme for PAGln synthesis, exhibited an increased tendency in AF. In an independent cohort consisting of 42 controls without AF and 92 AF patients, plasma PAGln levels were higher in AF patients than in controls (p < 0.001) by immunoassay. Notably, PAGln exerted a predictive potential of AF with an AUC of 0.774 (p < 0.001), and a predictive model constructed based on the PAGln and Taiwan AF score further improved the predictive potential. Furthermore, a positive correlation was determined between PAGln and LA diameter. Subsequently, the effect of PAGln intervention was examined on HL-1 cells in vitro, revealing that PAGln increased apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, CaMKII and RyR2 activation and decreased cell viability. In conclusion, increased PAGln was associated with AF, and PAGln might contribute to the AF pathogenesis by promoting oxidative stress and apoptosis in atrial myocytes.
The mission events graphic generator software: A small tool with big results

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Utilization of graphics has long been a useful methodology for many aspects of spacecraft operations. A personal computer based software tool that implements straight-forward graphics and greatly enhances spacecraft operations is presented. This unique software tool is the Mission Events Graphic Generator (MEGG) software which is used in support of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Project. MEGG reads the HST mission schedule and generates a graphical timeline.
Personality Competence Educator and Students Interest in Learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this research is to find the relevance of the personality competence of educators with students' interest in learning. The method used in this study is the library method, where the researcher collects data based on library sources relevant to the research. The study results are that the personality competence of Islamic religious education teachers is an essential part of the learning process for students because the educator's personality is all the attitudes and actions of a teacher who shows good traits and personalities that can affect the achievement of learning objectives. As for the personal competence of teachers in the learning process, among others; Be pious and have faith in Allah SWT, believe in yourself, be wise and tolerant, be open and democratic, be patient in carrying out the teaching profession, develop yourself for professional progress, understand the purpose of education, be able to establish relationships between humans, understand your strengths and weaknesses, Be creative and innovative in the workplace. So, a good personality possessed by educators will also have a good impact on increasing student interest in learning, in other words, the better the personality competence of PAI teachers, the better interest in student learning will be.
An audit of urological MDT decision making in the South West of England

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: The formation of multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) was formalised for urological cancer services by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the 2002 Improving Outcomes in Urological Cancer guidance. This project aimed to assess the variability of MDT recommendations when presented with the same patient. It covered the type and grade of tumour, recorded stage, treatment recommendations and whether clinical trials were considered. Materials and methods: Anonymised details of 10 patients were sent to South West Trust MDTs in two tranches. Details included age, clinical history, haematology and biochemistry results, digital radiology, and pathology text. A panel of representative urologists and urological oncologists from the region decided on optimal treatment and key points of management decisions. Results: The MDTs were not consistent in decision making. This agrees with a previous survey of urologists which also showed inconsistent decision making, and under-use of clinical cues. Some decisions contradicted NICE guidelines in force at the time. Conclusions: MDTs are now an instrumental, integrated part of cancer management. It is vital for assurance of best patient care and best outcomes that the MDT considering and planning treatment is fully functional and well informed on the evidence base, with effective communications. This audit suggests that this is not the case. The Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine – Levels of Evidence is not applicable to this study.
Pharmacists Challenge Third Party Prescription Programs: A Legal Analysis

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Rare is the pharmacist today who does not participate as a service provider in one or several third party prescription insurance programs. Latest figures indicate that 372.7 million prescriptions or 25.4 percent of all prescriptions dispensed in this country were paid for at least in part by some form of prescription drug insurance.’ The economic impact which these third party programs are having on the retail pharmacist has caused their prominence as one of the most serious and important issues in pharmacy today. Most third party prescription programs (TPPPs) are similar in structure and include a program administrator or insurance company, a sponsor (often an employer or labor union), subscribers or beneficiaries. and the participating pharmacies. Typically, the insurer or program administrator (hereinafter. the administrator) offers a contract or a “pharmacy agreement” to each pharmacy in a particular area. Each pharmacy must then decide whether or not to accept the agreement and become a participating pharmacy.
PERAN MATEMATIKA DALAM AGAMA ISLAM

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Mathematics in the public is like to be a difficult thing, so in the minds of most people, mathematics is a subject that is feared. Mathematics associated with storing therein the elements with think logically and correctly where Mathematics guiding people how to think scientifically and should set the path to be able to think his thoughts are true and correct.\nThis is in line with the religion of Islam, where the Islamic religion is taught to think logically, true and correct to the main things to see the greatness of God's creation, and to understand the rules that have been created by God in the Qur'an is loaded with all truth contained therein which aims to the happiness of human life in the world and the hereafter. Regulation is nothing that does not ignore the good of the elements, ie the elements of the good life and eternal happiness, but still ordered to man to act in accordance with the rules of Allah SWT.\nSo the math is not scary lesson to learn but a subject matter that has an important role in the life of the main guiding a keberan Islam. For the learning of mathematics should be encouraged again to make Muslims into people who are able to think logically, based on the right and good way of thinking as it has been taught by math.
1603 Molecular Dynamics Analysis of Acoustic-Wave Propagation on Si Crystal Surface

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Acoustic-wave propagation on silicon surface is studied by numerical simulation based on the molecular dynamics (MD) method. Using a large-scale MD simulation, the present study explores behavior of SAW in Si surface, the influence of anisotropy and reconstruction of the surface, an interaction of the wave with a surface defect, and possibility to realize a filter or a lens effect by an artificial nanostructure formed on the surface.
Communicative Culture and Development of Professional Formation of Students: Universal Attitudes of Secondary and Higher Vocational Education

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The article is devoted to the analysis of current problems in vocational education in connection with the implementation of the federal project “Professionalitet”. General tendencies in the state of the communicative culture of modern society and their influence on the tasks of secondary and higher vocational education are identified. Universal attitudes for the development of communicative culture of students and their connection with the formation of professional identity are described.
Spectral Dyadic Green's Function Formulation for Planar Integrated Structures with a Grounded Chiral Slab

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this paper a formulation for the solution of the electromagnetic field in stratified structures with an istropic chiral grounded slab under planar electric excitation conditions is presented. The development of the solution is obtained by using the two-dimensional (Fourier) transform applied to the partial differential equations describing the electromagnetic field, expressed in terms of dyadic electric Green's function. Moreover, a spectral equivalent circuit representation of the solution, separated into its spectral transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) components (with respect to the vertical direction), is given. Noteworthy reciprocity properties among the elements of the spectral dyadic Green's function are presented together with the determination of the degrees of freedom of the structure. Finally, an example of this theory applied to an electric vertical point source disposed at the interface plane between the chiral slab and the homogeneous istropic upper half-space is given with the evalution of the radiated pattern.
English language status and English communication in culturally diverse academic departments

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Communicating in a common language can function as a general frame of reference in culturally diverse organizations, providing that the status of the language permits its use. Based on a large-scale survey of 489 academic members of sixteen culturally diverse science departments at three universities, results showed that English fluency had a positive association with inter-individual communication and management communication, both in English, while linguistic distance only had a positive relationship with inter-individual communication in English. Implications of these findings are discussed in detail.
Differential Overstory Leaf Flushing Contributes to the Formation of a Patchy Understory

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

AbstractUnderstory individuals were found to form patches in a 100-year-old deciduous broad-leaved forest. The closed forest canopy was uniform, and so the light conditions at various locations across the forest floor differed little after the leaf flush of the overstory. To explain the distribution pattern in the understory, a hypothesis was proposed: in spring, the forest floor is divided into patches according to the timing of leaf flush of the overstory individuals, and the light conditions are more favorable for understory plants under the crowns of trees with later-flushing leaves. In the plot, three groups of early, intermediate, and late, were recognized in the overstory concerning the timing of leaf flush. As for the start of leaf flush, a difference of 31.6 days was recognized among tree species, and for the end of leaf flush, a difference of 40.3 days. In the spring of 1998, the relative photosynthetic-photon-flux density under an intensively studied Castanea crenata tree (late-flushing species) usually showed higher values than that under a similarly studied Acer mono tree (early-flushing species). Analysis of the spatial-distribution pattern using Morisita's 1δ index revealed that the understory community had an aggregated distribution. In the overstory, the late- and the intermediate-flushing-species groups showed aggregated distributions, while the early-flushing-species group showed random distribution. Spatial correlation between the understory and the overstory was analyzed by using Morisita's Rδ index. The distribution of whole understory community spatially co-occurred with that of the late-flushing-species group of the overstory. In contrast, the understory community was less developed below the members of the early-flushing-species group of the overstory. We consider that the data presented here support our hypothesis, and we suggest that the growth and survival of understory individuals were promoted in the places receiving light for long periods in spring.Key words: deciduous broad-leaved forestdirect radiationdistribution of understory communityleaf phenology in overstorylight penetration in springspatial heterogeneity
<title>Design of parallel multiresolution filter banks by simulated annealing</title>

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A new simulated annealing technique is described for designing multiresolution, parallel-structured filter banks with finite wordlength coefficients. The algorithm is based on a two stage optimization. In the first stage, a perturbation following uniform distribution is used; while in the second stage, perturbation is in Gaussian distribution, allowing a faster convergence. The filter banks have properties which make them well suited to image subband coding applications. In particular, they provide joint localization in the spatial and spectral domains, and allow no leakage of DC into higher subbands. This paper describes the algorithm and presents design examples.
Signaling and cytotoxic functions of 4-hydroxyalkenals

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The peroxidation of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and of their hydroperoxy metabolites is a complex process. It is initiated by free oxygen radical-induced abstraction of a hydrogen atom from the lipid molecule followed by a series of nonenzymatic reactions that ultimately generate the reactive aldehyde species 4-hydroxyalkenals. The molecule 4-hydroxy- 2E-hexenal (4-HHE) is generated by peroxidation of n-3 PUFAs, such as linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid. The aldehyde product 4-hydroxy-2 E-nonenal (4-HNE) is the peroxidation product of n-6 PUFAs, such as arachidonic and linoleic acids and their 15-lipoxygenase metabolites, namely 15-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HpETE) and 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HpODE). Another reactive peroxidation product is 4-hydroxy-2 E,6 Z-dodecadienal (4-HDDE), which is derived from 12-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HpETE), the 12-lipoxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid. Hydroxyalkenals, notably 4-HNE, have been implicated in various pathophysiological interactions due to their chemical reactivity and the formation of covalent adducts with macromolecules. The progressive accumulation of these adducts alters normal cell functions that can lead to cell death. The lipophilicity of these aldehydes positively correlates to their chemical reactivity. Nonetheless, at low and noncytotoxic concentrations, these molecules may function as signaling molecules in cells. This has been shown mostly for 4-HNE and to some extent for 4-HHE. The capacity of 4-HDDE to generate such “mixed signals” in cells has received less attention. This review addresses the origin and cellular functions of 4-hydroxyalkernals.
Protocol for a between-group experimental study examining cultural differences in emotion processing between Malay and Caucasian adults with and without major depressive disorder

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Introduction Depression is a mood disorder that affects a significant proportion of the population worldwide. In Malaysia and Australia, the number of people diagnosed with depression is on the rise. It has been found that impairments in emotion processing and emotion regulation play a role in the development and maintenance of depression. This study is based on Matsumoto and Hwang's biocultural model of emotion and Triandis' Subjective Culture model. It aims to investigate the influence of culture on emotion processing among Malaysians and Australians with and without major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods and analysis This study will adopt a between-group design. Participants will include Malaysian Malays and Caucasian Australians with and without MDD (N=320). There will be four tasks involved in this study, namely: (1) the facial emotion recognition task, (2) the biological motion task, (3) the subjective experience task and (4) the emotion meaning task. It is hypothesised that there will be cultural differences in how participants with and without MDD respond to these emotion tasks and that, pan-culturally, MDD will influence accuracy rates in the facial emotion recognition task and the biological motion task. Ethics and dissemination This study is approved by the Universiti Putra Malaysia Research Ethics Committee (JKEUPM) and the Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee (MUHREC). Permission to conduct the study has also been obtained from the National Medical Research Register (NMRR; NMRR-15-2314-26919). On completion of the study, data will be kept by Universiti Putra Malaysia for a specific period of time before they are destroyed. Data will be published in a collective manner in the form of journal articles with no reference to a specific individual.
SENTIMENT ANALYSIS OF YOUTUBE COMMENTS ON WISH 107.5 VIDEOS USING NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING (NLP)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Wish 107.5, a YouTube channel renowned for its live music performances, has attracted a large and active audience. Understanding viewer sentiments and the topics discussed in the comments section is crucial for enhancing audience engagement and refining content strategy. This study employs Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to analyze the sentiments and topics of YouTube comments on Wish 107.5 videos, using a dataset from Kaggle covering the period from December 2019 to December 2020. Google Collab was used for data processing, with sentiment analysis performed using a binary classification tool, and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks applied for topic modeling. The sentiment analysis model achieved notable performance metrics, including an accuracy of 89%, precision of 87%, recall of 90%, F1-score of 88%, and an ROC AUC of 0.92, demonstrating its effectiveness in classifying YouTube comments. The results revealed a predominantly positive reception of the content, with 70% of comments classified as positive, 20% as neutral, and 10% as negative. Common topics included appreciation for artists, song requests, and feedback on technical aspects. While the model exhibited a training accuracy nearing 1.0, the validation accuracy was 0.78, indicating some overfitting. These outcomes provide valuable insights for content creators and marketers to tailor their strategies according to audience preferences, thereby enhancing overall engagement and satisfaction. By focusing on positive feedback and addressing common requests and technical concerns, content creators can improve their offerings and foster a more engaged and loyal audience. KEYWORDS: binary cross entropy, long short-term memory (LSTM), natural language processing (NLP), sentiment analysis, topic modeling.
The Impact of Tourism on Local Government Expenditures

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to broaden the understanding of the impact of tourism on local government expenditures. Specifically, a regression model is developed to examine the hypothesis that there is a direct relationship between the degree of reliance of the local economy on tourism and local government expenditures. This study indicates that the degree of reliance of a local economy on tourism does have a statistically significant impact on the level of capital outlays, transportation, police protection, fire protection, corrections, parks and recreation, financial administration, and general government administration expenditures. This analysis indicates that the share of tourism in the local economy can influence expenditures on a variety of local government services, thus tourism should not be regarded as a totally costless instrument of economic development.
Solute Diffusion into Polymer Swollen by Supercritical CO2 by High-Pressure Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Chromatography

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

High-pressure electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) was used to measure translational diffusion coefficients (Dtr) of a TEMPONE spin probe in poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA) and swollen in supercritical CO2. Dtr was measured on two scales: macroscopic scale (>1 μm), by measuring spin probe uptake by the sample; and microscopic scale (<10 nm), by using concentration-dependent spectrum broadening. Both methods yield similar translational diffusion coefficients (in the range 5–10 × 10−12 m2/s at 40–60 °C and 8–10 MPa). Swollen PDLLA was found to be homogeneous on the nanometer scale, although the TEMPONE spin probe in the polymer exhibited higher rotational mobility (τcorr = 6 × 10−11 s) than expected, based on its Dtr. To measure distribution coefficients of the solute between the swollen polymer and the supercritical medium, supercritical chromatography with sampling directly from the high-pressure vessel was used. A distinct difference between powder and bulk polymer samples was only observed at the start of the impregnation process.
Nanosensors Based on Viologen Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles: Few Molecules Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Interparticle Hot Spots

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The functionalization of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) by viologen dications (VGDs) is reported in this work as well as their applications in the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). VGDs are able to form intermolecular cavities at interparticle junctions (SERS hot spots) where the analyte can be allocated. This leads to a giant intensification of the Raman emission of the target molecule. This effect was applied in the detection of PAHs, one of the most widespread and dangerous group of pollutants existing in the atmosphere and waters. A comparison between sensing-systems based on different VGDs (lucigenin, diquat, and paraquat) was done for the detection of two PAHs (pyrene and benzo[c]phenanthrene). The functionalization with lucigenin (LG) provided the most powerful and stable VGD-NPs sensor, which allowed the SERS detection of pyrene (PYR) down to 10(-9) M in the macro setup and in the zeptomole range for spectra obtained by single NPs aggregates (micro setup). Besides, SERS spectra afforded important structural information about the interaction mechanism of VGD and PAHs, revealing the formation of a CT complex between the VGD and PYR and changes in the host conformation. The position of the nu(Ag-Cl) band and the plasmon resonance contribution assigned to Ag dimers were also used as spectral markers to monitor the host-guest interaction.
Segmental infarction of the greater omentum: a cause of acute abdomen in childhood.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Segmental infarction of the greater omentum is an unusual cause of acute abdominal pain in children. Over 30 years at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, this entity was encountered nine times. All children complained of right lower quadrant pain. They were tender in that area and were thought to have acute appendicitis. At operation, the appendix was found to be normal in all and an area of infarcted omentum was identified as the cause of the acute illness. Torsion of the infarcted omentum was noted in four cases. Excision of the omentum was curative.