jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Multi-techniques in the Spanish translation of euphemisms in Chinese classical works of the Ming and Qing dynasties

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this article, we show the results of a study on the translation into Spanish of euphemisms in three classical Chinese novels. Through our analysis, it has been confirmed that there are three predominant techniques in translation, which are literal translation, euphemistic equivalent, and explicitness. When comparing the euphemistic degree, we found that there is a tendency towards explicitness in all three translations. Regarding the foreignizing or domesticating tendency, we found that Jin Ping Mei tends to be more foreignizing, and the other two translations are more domesticating. We think that the reasons for these differences are due to, firstly, the fact that the distributions of the areas of the euphemism in the three works are different, and, secondly, to the fact that each translator has his or her own style and objectives when translating.
[Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in the liver biopsy specimens from patients with chronic hepatitis C and hepatocellular carcinoma by means of in situ RT-PCR].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The in situ RT-CPR technique has been first adapted in Russia to detect hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in the samples from patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HC). A total of 18 patients with CHC and HC were examined. Fourteen (78%) samples were ascertained to be positive. A positive reaction was found in 2 of 3 patients with HC. A label was revealed in individual hepatocytes without any regularity in the distribution along the tissue section. A reaction was negative in all samples from control groups. The label was observed in both the cytoplasm and the hepatocytic nuclei. There was no correlation between the degree of hepatic lesion, estimated after Knodelle, the results of the classical RT-CPR and the in situ RT-CPR techniques.
Process of Investigation of Military Members who Complete Crimes of Domestic Violence in the Military Environment

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Domestic violence perpetrated by members of the military or the Indonesian National Armed Forces. Cases of criminal acts of domestic violence allegedly committed by unscrupulous TNI-AD soldiers at Denpom IV/5 Diponegoro Semarang are cases with a priority scale. Military Police Investigators are obliged to immediately conduct investigations into criminal cases of crimes of domestic violence since knowing or receiving reports of the occurrence of the case, this happens because, in addition to criminal acts of domestic violence are cases that are easy to prove, it is also intended that the case be completed quickly. so that it is hoped that the perpetrator can immediately serve his sentence and return to his family immediately as one of the objectives of the birth of the Law on the Elimination of Domestic Violence as stated in Article 4 letter d of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence, namely maintaining the integrity of the harmonious and prosperous household. The function of the Military Police agency, in this case Pomdam IV/Diponegoro, in the process of resolving criminal cases allegedly committed by TNI-AD personnel is only limited to the investigation stage. Procedures carried out in carrying out investigations include reports, complaints, being caught red-handed, submission/delegation from superiors with the right to punish (Ankum)/officers submitting cases (Papera).
Pengaruh latihan box drill dan small sides games terhadap kemampuan passing pada pemain SSB HW Mandiangin

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the training methods of box drill and small side games on the passing ability of SSB HW Mandiangin players between the ages of 13 and 15. The players have not been able to pass properly, so frequent passing errors become a problem in playing soccer. The type of research used is experimental research with the design of "Two Group Pretest-Posttest Design". The research location was conducted at SSB HW Mandiangin. The population of this study were all the players of SSB HW Mandiangin with a total of 35 people. The sample was selected as many as 18 people using purposive sampling technique. Grouping is done through ordinal pairing after pretest results. The data collection instrument uses a soccer passing ability test. Data analysis uses normality test, homogeneity test, hypothesis test or t-test and independent t-test. The t-test of the box drill training group has a significant value of 0.001 < 0.05, while the small sides games group has a significant value of 0.002 < 0.05. So the conclusion of the two groups is that there is a significant influence on the passing ability of SSB HW Mandiangin players. The box drill training method has a better effect than the small sides games training method based on the average post-test value.
FORMATION OF FREE RADICALS IN DRY MILK PROTEINS

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

SUMMARY The possible formation of free radicals in dry milk proteins by mechanical energy has been studied by electron spin resonance (ESRI spectroscopy. Grinding of various milk proteins with mortar and pestle for 5 min or longer yielded perceptible electron spin resonance signals. The signals did not exhibit characteristics of hyperfine structure and all had g‐values close to that of a free electron (2.001. The intensity of the signals was particularly strong for the sulfhydryl‐containing proteins, β‐lactoglobulin and k‐casein, and increased with grinding time. The signals were considerably reduced by subsequent heating of the dry protein at 100°/10 min. The grinding of whole casein was in ail cases accompanied by the release of a gluey odor, suggesting that the gluey‐flavor defect may be related to protein fragmentation.
Inhibition of p38 MAP kinase during cellular activation results in IFN-γ-dependent augmentation of IL-12 production by human monocytes/macrophages

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Summary Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a key immunomodulatory cytokine produced by antigen-presenting cells that promotes cellular immunity and enables the generation of protective immunity against intracellular pathogens and tumours. Therefore, modulation of IL-12 activity is a primary immunotherapeutic goal. However, little is known about its regulation. Signalling via p38 MAPK has been implicated in the control of inflammatory responses and is therefore a potential therapeutic target. We have used the highly selective p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) to examine the effect of this pathway on the production of IL-12. Surprisingly, we found that SB203580 strongly up-regulated LPS induced IL-12p40 at the protein (intracellular and secreted) and mRNA levels in PBMC cultures. The effect on IL-12 was apparent using both T cell-independent and T cell-dependent stimuli but not in unstimulated cultures, indicating that activation signals are required. Furthermore, the production of IFN-γ by T cells is crucial as production was not increased in LPS-stimulated, purified adherent monocytes/macrophages without the addition of exogenous IFN-γ. These results provide evidence that p38 MAPK has an unexpected suppressive effect on IL-12p40 gene transcription, and suggests interplay between p38 MAPK- and IFN-γ -mediated signals in the regulation of IL-12 production by monocytes/macrophages. Furthermore, the importance of IL-12 as a key immunoregulatory cytokine suggests that the clinical application of pyrinidyl imidazole inhibitors, such as SB203580, may need to be reassessed.
404. Roles of Inverted Terminal Repeats (ITRs) and Capsid Proteins from Novel NHP AAVs in rAAV Mediated Gene Transfer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Recombinant AAV2 genomes transcapsidated with the capsid from a number of novel primate AAVs including AAV8 and rh.39 have been proven to be more robust gene transfer vehicles than the original AAV2 vector. We have recently isolated and characterized infectious molecular clones of AAV8 and AAVrh.39 and created recombinant AAV vector genomes carrying ITRs from AAV8 and AAVrh.39. Our study on the cleavability of those ITRs by AAV2 Rep in an in vitro nicking assay suggested the possibility of packaging those novel vector genomes with chimeric packaging plasmids consisting of the rep gene from AAV2 and cap genes from other AAVs.
Comparison of regional recurrence rates of radical and comprehensive neck dissection type 3 in N0 laryngeal cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To determine whether comprehensive neck dissection (CND) type 3 could accomplish regional tumor control as well as radical neck dissection (RND) in clinically N0 laryngeal cancer patients, we compared the regional recurrence rates of 316 N0 laryngeal cancer patients. In the 316 N0 patients, 486 neck dissections were performed. For 170 patients the dissection was bilateral, and for 146 patients it was unilateral. Of these, 193 were type 3 CNDs, and 293 were RNDs. In 30 (15.5%) of 193 type 3 CNDs and in 53 (18.1%) of 293 RNDs, metastatic lymph nodes were determined histopathologically in neck dissection specimens. The difference in cervical lymph node metastasis rates was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). During follow‐up, 3 patients who underwent CND type 3 (1.6%) and 12 who underwent RND (4.1%) had regional recurrences. The difference between recurrence rates was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). A conclusion was reached that CND type 3 safely provided regional cancer control in N0 laryngeal cancer and that it might be performed to decrease the morbidity of RND.
Full Length Research Paper Effective virtual teams for new product development

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

At present, the existing literature shows that the factors which influence the effectiveness of virtual teams for new product development are still ambiguous. To address this problem, a research design was developed, which includes detailed literature review, preliminary model and field survey. From literature review, the factors which influence the effectiveness of virtual teams are identified and these factors are modified using a field survey. The relationship between knowledge workers (people), process and technology in virtual teams is explored in this study. The results of the study suggest that technology and process are tightly correlated and need to be considered early in virtual teams. The use of software as a service, web solution, report generator and tracking system should be incorporated for effectiveness virtual teams.
Attraction of Melitaea cinxia Butterflies to Previously-Attacked Hosts: A Likely Complement to Known Allee Effects?

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Clumped distributions of herbivorous insect eggs often result from independent assess- ments of individual plants by different ovipositing females. Here we ask whether, in addition, plants might be rendered more or less attractive to ovipositing Melitaea cinxia butter ies by presence of conspeci c eggs and/or by prior larval attack. Both eggs and larval damage rendered Veronica spicata plants signi cantly more accept- able; the effect of eggs was particularly strong. Larval damage caused a marginally signi cant increase in acceptability of Plantago lanceolata, but there was no trend for an effect of eggs on this host. Variable oviposition preferences of Melitaeine butter ies are known to drive their metapopulation dynamics by affecting rates of emigration and patch colonization. Therefore variable host acceptability, as documented here, should do likewise, reducing emigration rates at high population densities where V. spicata is present in the landscape and complementing Allee effects that are already known in this system.
The genesis of the concept of the Uebermensch in Nietzsche

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The concept of the Uebermensch, while a leading theme of Nietzsche's philosophy, is very difficult to define, and remains largely indeterminate in the commentaries. An attempt is made in the present thesis to render its definition more determinate through an examination of the genesis of the concept in the overall structures of Nietzsche's thought. -- The philosophy of Nietzsche is here characterized as essentially a polemic against the Western moral tradition, establishing itself purely through its opposition to morality. Since morality, as Nietzsche understands it, is an aberration of the highest order, a negation, then the negation of that original negation yields a positive result. The concept of the Uebermensch, which is defined as the positive result of the Nietzschean polemic, therefore has its logical genesis in, and can be seen to reflect the structures of, the critique of morality. -- Chapter One sets forth the various sides of the doctrine of the Uebermensch as it receives expression in Nietzsche. It is given as a prophetic vision, as a psychological description, and as a moment within a cultural-historical typology. -- Chapter Two examines the nature of "morality” in Nietzsche's philosophy. Rather than merely a particular set of ethical imperatives, even those characteristic of the West, morality is fundamentally a form of human existence in which the conscious, or spiritual life and the natural life are posed as mutually contradictory. The chapter concludes with an examination of the negation of morality, and, in particular, of the nature of the positive result. -- Chapter Three, finally, reveals how the express content of the doctrine of the Uebermensch, given in Chapter One, directly expresses the more abstract limits of the definition generated in Chapter Two. In each of its three phases, the concept of the Uebermensch is defined by a unity in difference of the human spiritual and natural life. It is therefore defined as the positive result of Nietzsche's negation of negation.
Formative Assessment Structures in First and Second Year Architectural Technology to Enhance Student Learning

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The multiplicity of learning and teaching theories and strategies that a teacher can use to assist the process of developing greater student learning and engagement is very broad and it can be overwhelming determining what best suits a teacher’s particular environment or the type of learning required to be undertaken by the learners. However some in particular stand out from an Architectural Technology perspective that we believe will benefit many other taught project based Engineering and Built Environment courses.While the subject ‘Architectural Technology’ is often very closely associated and allied with Architecture, it is in fact quite different. The emphasis is on the construction technologies rather than a design concept. Architectural Technologists also have very strong links with the other built environment professionals that form part of the methodology or process that ‘gets buildings built’.In the world outside academia, graduates of the many different professions and disciplines that form the project teams that work alongside each other – collaborating and contributing their various skills that all amalgamate to complete construction projects of many different sizes and varying complexity. This great collaboration unfortunately does not generally take place between the various built environment courses delivered, yet we probably all teach, and the students learn, in a similar experiential manner.In this paper, we will outline and demonstrate how a technique we use called ‘Crit-marking’ can be used in a rigorous, technical and legislative discipline that will not only improve the quality of feedback to the learners, but will be faster and more timely. Promoting greater student engagement as well as nurturing deeper learning, this productive learning activity will help develop and enhance students employability skills along with an improved confidence, all moving towards enhanced personal and professional development.This particular formative feedback process and method of assessment, we feel, can be adapted for wider use to suit many different course types as well as become a far more creative and rewarding process for staff and students alike.
Interreader agreement in different PI-RADS systems in multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging: A head-to-head comparison between PI-RADSv2 and v2.1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim The purpose of this study is to compare PI-RADSv2 with v2.1 in terms of interreader agreement and diagnostic performance in clinically significant prostate cancer (CSCa) detection. Materials and Methods Two hundred-two patients who had both multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and 12 quadrant systematic biopsies were included in this retrospective study. Acquisition parameters were totally complied with proposal of PI-RADSv2 and 2.1 guidelines. mpMRIs were evaluated by two radiologists independently. Index lesion’s score was used to determine diagnostic performance of the systems. Gleason ≥ 3+4 tumors were considered CSCa. Kappa statistic was used to determine interreader agreement. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated in detection of CSCa using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results The numbers of cases with PI-RADSv2 and v2.1 scores from 1 to 5 were 46, 21, 13, 41, 81 and 46, 26, 9, 43, 78, by reader 1 and 51, 10, 18, 43, 80 and 51, 15, 19, 37, 80 by reader 2, respectively. There was “substantial” agreement between two readers for both scoring systems. Kappa values were 0.600 in PI-RADSv2 and 0.624 in PI-RADSv2.1. Ninety-eight (48.5%) patients had CSCa. AUC values of PI-RADSv2 and v2.1 scoring systems were 0.861 and 0.851 for reader 1, 0.873 and 0.883 for reader 2, respectively. Conclusion Interreader agreement was “substantial” in mpMRI and slightly improved with PI-RADSv2.1. Diagnostic performance of the two systems were almost equal.
Psychometric properties of the work environment impact scale: a cross-cultural study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Work Environment Impact Scale in the United States and Sweden. Thirteen American and four Swedish occupational therapists used the scale (in English and Swedish respectively) to rate 21 (11 American and 10 Swedish) subjects. Results of a Rasch analysis of the data, indicate that the items work well together to measure the construct of work environment impact. The scale is also suitably matched to the clients in this study and effectively discriminated different levels of work environment impact. The findings also suggest that both language versions of the scale are equivalent and that the scale is culture-free.
Integrating the AI-Driven Technologies Into Pharmaceutical Service Marketing

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The next wave of corporate disruption in the pharmaceutical industry has been greatly influenced by the digital transformation sparked by artificial intelligence's (AI) growing leverage. Predictive analytics, molecular modelling, and virtual screening made possible by AI are transforming the drug discovery process. The use of AI-driven technology in pharmaceutical service marketing is completely changing the pharmaceutical sector by boosting customer interaction, streamlining marketing tactics, and boosting operational efficiency. Through machine learning algorithms that customise messages and services, as well as predictive analytics that predicts consumer demands and behaviours, artificial intelligence (AI) makes personalised marketing possible. Chatbots and virtual assistants, which offer real-time customer service and increase accessibility, are powered by natural language processing, or NLP. AI also speeds up research timelines, analyses large databases, and spots possible market trends to help in medication discovery and development. Consistent and efficient communication is ensured by the use of AI in automated content creation and consumer sentiment analysis. To fully utilise AI, despite its many advantages, issues including data protection, integration difficulty, and ethical considerations need to be resolved.
Correlation Analysis between Microbial Diversity and Flavor Compounds in Sichuan Fermented Sausage

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

To investigate the correlation between microbial diversity and flavor compounds in Sichuan-style fermented sausages, sausages at different fermentation times were studied using high-throughput sequencing technology in conjunction with electronic tongue, electronic nose, and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). The changes in dominant microbial communities and flavor compounds during sausage fermentation were analyzed, and the correlation between microbial diversity and volatile flavor compounds was assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. Results showed that with prolonged sausage fermentation time, the number and abundance of microbes increased, with a total of 12 genera detected, dominated by Lactobacillus and Weissella. In terms of non-volatile compounds, the content of free amino acids, nucleotides, and peptides with bitter and umami tastes gradually increased. Regarding volatile flavor compounds, 52 substances were detected. The concentrations of alcohols, terpenes, and thiazoles decreased gradually, while esters, pyrazines, and aldehydes increased. GC-IMS results further revealed that the characteristic flavor compounds in the early and middle stages of fermentation were similar, mainly composed of limonene, β-myrcene (M), ethanol, β-caryophyllene, and 1,1-diethoxyethane (M). The content of pungent flavor compounds significantly decreased at 35 d of fermentation. The types and concentrations of esters, aldehydes, and pyrazines in the stable fermentation period tended to stabilize. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that five dominant genera including Lactobacillus, Acinetobacter, Pediococcus, Pseudomonas, and Chryseobacterium were positively correlated with 37 volatile flavor compounds. Specifically, Lactobacillus was positively correlated with aldehydes, alcohols, and esters (r>0.6), while Weissella, a subdominant genus, was negatively correlated with alcohols and esters (r<−0.4). These findings suggest a close relationship between dominant microbial communities and the synthesis of sausage flavor compounds, providing a scientific basis and theoretical foundation for the development of efficient and environmentally friendly fermentation agents to regulate the flavor quality of Sichuan-style fermented sausages.
Harvesting Energy From Flow Induced Vibration In Fixed-Fixed And Fixed-Pinned Suported Pipleline: Numerical Approach

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This work investigates the possibility of using flow induced vibration (FIV), in a pipeline as an excitation source for piezoelectric energy harvesting mechanism, using model based approach. Mathematical (Partial and Ordinary Differential Equations) models describing the dynamics of FIV, and of vibration excited piezoelectric transducer, obtained from literature, are used. Algorithms for numerical (finite difference method) solution of the FIV models are developed. The developed algorithms are simulated using MatLab software to obtain the vibrations (transverse accelerations) of pipeline conveying fluid under fixed-fixed and fixed-pinned support. Then simulations of the modified Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) model of the piezoelectric transducer are carried out using the simulated vibrations as base excitations. A power output of 0.027μ watts with 2.13g acceleration value and 0.0016 and 0.16g acceleration for fixed-fixed and fixed-pinned respectively.