jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Modified Qingre Jiedu Decoction Combined with Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy in Treating Moderate to Advanced Ovarian Carcinoma and Its Effect on Levels of Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen and Carbohydrate Antigen 125

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective. To explore the efficacy of modified Qingre Jiedu decoction combined with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) in treating moderate to advanced ovarian carcinoma (OC) and its effect on patients’ serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125). Methods. The clinical data of 84 patients with moderate to advanced OC treated in the gynecology department of Changqing District People’s Hospital of Jinan from February 2017 to February 2018 were selected for retrospective analysis, and the patients were divided into the single chemotherapy group (taxol + carboplatin, n = 42) and the combined group (modified Qingre Jiedu decoction+3D-CRT, n = 42) according to the parity of their admission numbers. By measuring their levels of serum CEA and CA125 after treatment, the cellular immune levels of the two groups were compared. Results. Compared with the single chemotherapy group after treatment, the combined group obtained significantly higher total clinical effective rate and 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival rates ( P<0.05 ), significantly higher CD4+/CD8+ and NK cell level values ( P<0.001 ), significantly lower serum CA125 and CEA level values ( P<0.001 ), and significantly lower total incidence rates of toxic and side effects ( P<0.05 ). Conclusion. The abovementioned results show that the combined treatment modality has a significant effect on prolonging the survival of patients with moderate to advanced OC and can effectively reduce the levels of tumor markers and improve the body’s immunity. Further study will be conducive to establishing a better solution for OC patients.
Clinical evaluation of four cases of acute viral hepatitis complicated by pure red cell aplasia.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Four patients with acute viral hepatitis complicated by pure red cell aplasia were clinically evaluated. Two patients with hepatitis type A, one with hepatitis type B, and one with posttransfusion non-A non-B hepatitis had pure red cell aplasia. Only the patient with posttransfusion hepatitis was female, and the mean age of the four patients was 37.8 yr (31-51 yr.) The mean interval from the onset of hepatitis to the appearance of pure red cell aplasia was 30.5 days (27-37 days), and the development of hematopoietic disorders coincided with decreases in transaminase levels. Laboratory findings included peak serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase levels of 1305-3160 KU and decreases in the prothrombin time to about 50% in the two patients with hepatitis type A. Pure red cell aplasia was successfully treated by prednisolone or transfusion in all patients.
Evaluation of the efficacy and patient satisfaction of the intracavernosal alprostadil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: Erectile dysfunction (ED) following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is an important problem. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of and patient satisfaction with intracavernosal alprostadil used in the treatment of ED. Material and Methods: Patients using intracavernosal alprostadil in the treatment of ED following RARP were assessed retrospectively. Patients’ demographic characteristics, pre- and postoperative International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scores, and general satisfaction evaluated using questions 13 and 14 of the IIEF form were all recorded. Complications developing during treatment, dosages used, and reasons for discontinuation were investigated. Results: Thirty-four patients with a mean age of 61.73±5.80 years were included in the study. Preoperative ED was determined in 52.9% (n=18) of patients. The mean IEFF of the patients who used preoperative, postoperative 1st month, postoperative 3 months after tadalafil use and intracavernosal alprostadil was 20.64 ± 3.46, 15.08 ± 2.09, 15.32 ± 2.18, 26.67 ± 2.30, respectively. The mean length of use of intracavernosal alprostadil was 8.20±2.48 months, and full erection was achieved in 70.58% of patients. Hematoma associated with intracavernosal alprostadil use developed in 2.9% of patients, ecchymosis in 8.8%, and pain in 8.8%. In addition, 73.5% of patients continued to take their medication during the follow-up process. Patients’ general satisfaction following alprostadil therapy was statistically significantly high. Conclusion: Intracavernosal alprostadil therapy following RARP represents a good therapeutic option due to its high success in achieving full erection, low complication rates, and high patient satisfaction. Keywords: Erectile dysfunction, Alprostadil, robot-assisted radical prostatectomy
EP.TH.603Hypofractionated radiotherapy for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a world first in response to COVID19

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Introduction COVID-19 has challenged healthcare systems across the world, restricting resources for major hepato-pancreato-biliary resections. We report the experience of a unique temporising measure to overcome unavailability of upfront surgery, for select patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (rPDAC) during the pandemic. Methods Select patients with rPDAC who were assessed to be unsuitable for, or declined, upfront systemic chemotherapy, were considered for hypofractionated radiotherapy (hypoRT) as bridging therapy to Whipple’s pancreaticoduodenectomy. Results Three patients with EUS-biopsy confirmed rPDAC with no vascular involvement received 5 fractions of hypoRT followed by Whipple’s resection. Median patient age was 68 (range 63-77). All patients successfully completed hypoRT, with one case of transient grade 2 anorexia. Median interval from hypoRT to resection was 75 days (range 41-95 days), with median operative time including anaesthesia of 573 minutes (range 496-661 minutes). R0 resection was achieved in two cases, including one requiring portal vein resection. R1 resection was seen in one patient who required superior mesenteric vein resection. One patient experienced complication in the form of delayed gastric emptying. Median length of stay was 11 days (range 11-58 days). No patient experienced post-operative pancreatic fistula, and no patient has evidence of recurrence on 30-day follow up imaging. Conclusion This report provides initial experience for hypoRT in select patients with rPDAC prior to resection. Further work is required to quantify outcomes and long-term safety profile of this novel approach. The hypoRT programme allowed select patients to obtain treatment whilst awaiting availability of surgical resources.
“It Shone with the Glory of the Lord”. On Beauty and Christian Telos

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter discusses whether two fields of study - eschatology and aesthetics - have intersected fruitfully enough. During its two thousand year journey, Christian theology has developed sophisticated proposals about the afterlife. The question is whether these visions have paid sufficient attention to beauty as a primary quality of the end. This exploration focuses on the relation between telos and beauty. The one focuses exclusively on God, with an emphasis on contemplation; the other one has a much greater emphasis on sensuality and on social relations and activity. Throughout history the eschatological imagination vacillated between these two directions, with ever new configurations. The seminal essay by Rahner on The Hermeneutics of Eschatological Assertions has rendered a valuable service in articulating the contours of such a consciousness. He stresses that eschatological knowledge is the experience of God's salvific action in Jesus Christ: Christ himself is the hermeneutical principle of all eschatological assertions. Keywords:christian telos ; divine beauty; eschatological imagination
Quality of Instruction and Entrepreneurial Mindset of Business Studies Students at Upper-Basic Schools in Nigeria

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Despite the employability and self-employment goals and objectives of pre-vocational subjects outlined in the National Policy on Education, the prevailing incidence of unemployment among the youth and its attendant crises in Nigeria were significant concerns to stakeholders and society. Therefore, this study sought to assess the quality of instruction in the Business Studies curriculum and students’ mindset for entrepreneurship and self-employment at public and private upper-basic schools in Lagos, Nigeria. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. The study population comprised 4.435 students, all teachers of business studies subjects in the selected upper-basic schools in Lagos, Nigeria. Using simple random and proportional sampling techniques, the sample size was 467 students and 11 teachers. The research instruments used were a structured questionnaire and a checklist. The internal consistency of the research instruments, using the Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient, yielded an average value of 0.72, which shows that the instruments were very reliable. Mean and standard deviation and t-tests were used as statistical tools at a 0.05 significance level. The findings show that the recommended experiential instructional strategies were not adequately implemented. Even though most respondents claimed to have a mindset for entrepreneurship and self-employment, many agreed that the quality of the Business Studies subject needs to improve for adequate employability and self-employment empowerment. Based on the findings, sufficient availability and functionality of the approved instructional resources and constant use of innovative instructional strategies were some of the recommendations.
Comparisons of Within-Group Instead of Between-Group Affect the Conclusions. Comment on: “Changes in Weight and Substrate Oxidation in Overweight Adults Following Isomaltulose Intake during a 12-Week Weight Loss Intervention: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial”. Nutrients 2019, 11(10), 2367

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We read with interest the publication by Lightowler et al [...]
Constitutional Politics in Post–World War II Europe

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

After World War II, the language of constituent power was taken up by constitutionalists Constantino Mortati, Georges Vedel and Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde to advocate for popular participation in government. They accused contemporary positivist theories of sovereignty of downplaying the principle of popular power in favour of a purely legal approach to the study of legislation. This, they claimed, had the effect of undermining popular participation in politics and needed to be contrasted by adopting a different approach to the study of the state and its foundations. The language of constituent power offered precisely that, as it brought the role of the people back at the centre of constitutional theory. It indeed indicated the power of the people to establish the fundamental ‘political ideal’ at the origins of the legal political system. This power would not disappear once the constitution entered into force but would remain present alongside the ordinary working of the constitutional system. In addition, Böckenförde, Mortati and Vedel aimed to limit the scope of representation and favoured instances of direct exercise of power by the people instead. They thus promoted practices of direct or semi-direct democracy, such as referenda and constitutional revisions, decentralised and federal structures of power.
Arsenal Football Club plc v. Matthew Reed, High Court, Chancery Division, judgment of 6 April 2001, [2001] 2 CMLR 23; Case C-206/01, Arsenal Football Club plc v. Matthew Reed

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

View Arsenal Football Club plc v. Matthew Reed, High Court, Chancery Division, judgment of 6 April 2001, [2001] 2 CMLR 23; Case C-206/01, Arsenal Football Club plc v. Matthe by Anthony Arnull - Common Market Law Review
Challenges and opportunities in engaging health development partners in district health planning in Uganda: an exploratory qualitative study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective This study aimed to explore the challenges and opportunities in engaging health development partners in planning healthcare services at a sub-national level in Uganda. Design An exploratory qualitative study involving selected health development partner organisations and district local governments. Setting A study was conducted in Northern Uganda, specifically in 12 districts that comprise the Lango and Acholi sub-regions. The study area has many health development partners compared with the other regions in the country. Participants A total of 18 participants were enrolled in the study. To be considered for inclusion, a participant had to be working for a district local government in Northern Uganda and involved in planning health services or working for a development partner supporting health services in the region. Most of the participants were men aged between 41 and 50 years. Outcome measures Factors that affect the involvement of health development partners in planning health services at sub-national levels and opportunities that can facilitate involvement. Results The findings show that health development partners serve as a source of information and data, guide the planning and supervision of services, conduct community mobilisation and support infrastructure development. However, differing planning cycles, corruption, power dynamics and budget constraints affect their participation in district health planning. Continuous engagement, even outside budget periods, with respect to the terms agreed upon in the memoranda of understanding (MOU), equitable treatment of all partners and transparency from all parties emerged as opportunities to improve involvement. Conclusion The involvement and importance of health development partners in planning district-level health services cannot be overstated. Therefore, addressing the challenges that hinder joint planning through a focus on open communication, mutual respect and adherence to the terms of the MOU can improve working relationships.
Lack of association between the norepinephrine transporter gene and major depression in a Han Chinese population

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Objective: Although the physiological mechanisms contributing to the development of major depression remain unclear, several lines of evidence suggest that the catecholaminergic system involving the norepinephrine transporter (NET) is implicated in the etiology of major depression. This study aims to determine whether major depression is associated with the NET gene in a Han Chinese population. Methods: We analyzed the NET promoter T-182C polymorphism and another silent polymorphism G1287A in exon 9 of the NET gene with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method in 216 patients with major depression and 210 unrelated, age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. We interviewed all subjects with the Chinese Version of the Modified Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Lifetime; major depressive disorder was diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria. In addition, to reduce the clinical heterogeneity, we performed a subtype analysis with clinically important variables, such as family history of major affective disorder and age at onset of major depression. Results: No significant difference was observed between the patients and healthy control subjects in the genotype distributions and allele frequencies for the investigated NET polymorphisms. Similarly, no significant differences were found between more homogeneous subgroups of patients and normal control subjects. Conclusions: This study suggests that the investigated polymorphisms in the NET gene are not major risk factors in increasing susceptibility to either major depression or its clinical subtypes in a Han Chinese population. However, larger replication studies with different ethnic samples are needed.
An Adjustable Compliant Joint for Lower-Limb Exoskeletons

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The field of exoskeletons and wearable devices for walking assistance and rehabilitation has advanced considerably over the past few years. Currently, commercial devices contain joints with stiff actuators that cannot adapt to unpredictable environments. \nThese actuators consume more energy and may not be appropriate for human–machine interactions. Thus, adjustable compliant actuators are being cautiously incorporated into new exoskeletons and active orthoses. Some simulation-based studies have evaluated the benefits of incorporating compliant joints into such \ndevices. Another reason that compliant actuators are desirable is that spasticity and spasmodic movements are common among patientswith motor deficiencies; compliant actuators could efficiently absorb these perturbations and improve joint control. In this paper, we provide an overview of the requirements that must be fulfilled by these actuators while evaluating the behavior of leg joints in the locomotion cycle. A brief review of existing compliant actuators is conducted, and our proposed variable stiffness actuator prototype is presented and evaluated. The actuator prototype is implemented in an exoskeleton knee joint operated by a state machine that exploits the dynamics of the leg, resulting in a reduction in actuation energy demand and better adaptability to disturbances.
Brazilian Biodiversity as a Source of Power and Sustainable Development: A Neglected Opportunity

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Six terrestrial biomes and a huge coastline make Brazil one of the most biodiverse countries in the world. However, the potential of Brazilian biodiversity as a valuable and sustainable source of wealth and development is still neglected. In order to reverse this scenario, the country needs to recognize and assume the power of its biodiversity, focusing on (I) industry, science and technology, (II) biological conservation and maintenance of ecosystem services, considering reverberations on agriculture and public health, and (III) ecotourism, conservation and sustainable development of local populations. The joint action of the Brazilian population and scientific community is needed to achieve these goals, which must be translated into the election of politicians committed to sustainable development and an increase in research and technology based on Brazilian biodiversity. Additional reasons for preserving Brazilian biodiversity (e.g., intrinsic, cultural, and ethical values) are also addressed in this article. Finally, we argue that Brazil should recover its global leadership on the environmental agenda and assume its biological diversity as a source of Soft Power, as well as develop its neglected capacity in the field of the sustainable bio-based economy (bioeconomy). In brief, Brazil needs to recognize and embrace the power of its biodiversity.
The structure and possible function of the ventral papillae of Notocotylus attenuatus (Rudolphi, 1809) Kossack, 1911, (Trematoda: Notocotylidae)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary Specimens of Notocotylus attenuatus were examined in life and their ventral papillae studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the papillae are non-secretory, very mobile and similar in ultrastructure to the papillae of other notocotylids previously described. Worms were removed from the host's caecum and the caecum surface examined where it had been in contact with the papillae; this revealed that the crypts in this region had been distorted and enlarged. It is suggested that the papillae serve to attach the worms to the distinct surface of the distal caecum by acting as hydraulically operated anchors working in conjunction with the lateral margins of the worm and allowing the oral sucker of this monostome fluke to be used for feeding.
Network Morphology: a DATR account of Russian nominal inflection

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we introduce a declarative approach to inflectional morphology, which we call Network Morphology, using the lexical representation language DATR. We show that we can account for a range of (Russian) data, for which previously various rule types were required, and can provide a more satisfying analysis than was previously available. First we outline the essential data (section 2), highlighting the problems they present. Section 3 introduces the basic tenets of Network Morphology. This draws heavily on DATR, which we present in outline in section 4. Next we reconsider the Russian declensional classes from this new perspective (section 5). We show how the approach described overcomes long-standing problems in an elegant fashion; the complexity of the data suggests that the approach adopted has implications well beyond Russian. We then tackle the complex problem of animacy in Russian, which exemplifies interesting regularities extending across declensional classes (section 6).
Measurement of the Azimuth Beam Width of OTHR with Far-field Beacon

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Due to the frequency selectivity,non-stationary and multipath effect of the ionosphere,it is difficult to measure the beam width of OTHR antenna in azimuth of this kind of radar.In this paper,a new method based on the far-field beacon has been proposed to measure the pattern of receiving beam.And the beam width is extracted from the receive pattern to assess the azimuth resolution.Unlike the near-field evaluation or aircraft-dependent methods,this method is simple and easy to be realized for different ionospheric conditions.The results show that this new method is effective and has high accuracy.
Synthesis of 5-amino-1-(3'-deoxy-.BETA.-D-ribofuranosyl)-4-imidazolethiocarboxamide.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

As an interesting analog of thio-AICA-riboside (5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-4-imidazolethiocarboxamide), 3'-deoxy-thio-AICA-riboside (XV) was prepared. 5'-Acetyl-AICA-riboside (X) synthesized from Ip-AICA-riboside (VIII) was allowed to react with triphenylphosphine and carbon tetrachloride to give, after ammoniacal treatment, the 3'-chloro derivative (XI). Treatment of the compound XI with alkali gave a epoxide derivative (XVI). Hydrogenation of XI followed by acetylation gave 2', 5'-diacetyl derivative (XIII). When XIII was thiolated with phosphorus pentasulfide, 2', 5'-di-O-acetyl-thio-AICA-riboside (XIV) formed. Deacetylation of XIV with ammonia furnished XV, which did not show any significant antitumor activity.