jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of combined use of L carnitine and hemodialysis on clinical efficacy and quality of life of uremic patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To investigate the clinical efficacy of combined use of L-carnitine and hemodialysis in the treatment of uremic patients, and its effect on their quality of life. Methods: A total of 160 uremic patients who were admitted to Lujiang County People's Hospital from November 2018 to August 2020 were selected and divided equally into dialysis group (hemodialysis), and combined group (L-carnitine + hemodialysis). Some clinical indices and parameters, including safety profile, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+, and plasma protein levels were evaluated for both study groups. Results: Patients treated with L-carnitine + hemodialysis in the combined group resulted in significantly higher clinical treatment effectiveness than those in the dialysis group (p < 0.05). However, safety profiles were comparable in the two groups (p > 0.05). No significant difference in NIHSS score between the two groups before treatment, but L-carnitine + hemodialysis led to a better NIHSS score than in the dialysis group after treatment (p < 0.05). However, there were better levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the combined group than in the dialysis group (p < 0.05). Similarly, although pre-treatment plasma protein levels in the two groups were comparable, there were significantly lower plasma protein levels in the combined group than in the dialysis group post-treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of L-carnitine and hemodialysis in the treatment of uremia patients improves the clinical management of the patients, enhances their quality of life, and shows good safety profile. However, further clinical trials should be carried out prior to the application of the combined treatment in clinical practice.
MDB-37. RAC1 INHIBITION FOR THE TREATMENT OF MEDULLOBLASTOMA

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Despite considerable advances in identifying genetic and epigenetic abnormalities in medulloblastoma, many patients succumb to the disease. In addition, patients who respond to traditional therapy suffer from cognitive and intellectual deficits. Therefore, there is a dire need to identify novel therapies for treating medulloblastoma. Rho family GTPases are targets in multiple cancers including medulloblastoma. Rho, Rac1 and Cdc42 are essential mediators of cell-cell adhesion and cellular motility signaling, which are dysregulated in medulloblastoma. These GTPases are involved in the regulation of the cytoskeleton, cell migration, cellular proliferation, and developmental signaling. The small GTPase Rac1 has recently been reported as a possible therapeutic target in SHH-medulloblastoma due to its regulation of Hedgehog signaling via the GLI1 and GLI2 transcription factors. We have recently reported that GLI1/GLI2 are in a novel complex that contains the epigenetic regulators UHRF1 and DNMT1. Therefore, Rac1 may play a previously unappreciated role in epigenetic regulation of medulloblastoma by controlling the GLI1/GLI2/UHRF1/DNMT1 complex. To test this, we have utilized a novel brain penetrant Rac1 inhibitor termed GYS32661. GYS32661 treatment of medulloblastoma cells inhibits the GLI1-UHRF1 interaction. Importantly this inhibition of the interaction occurs rapidly suggesting that it is disrupting an early event in SHH signaling. GYS32661 also inhibits actin polymerization suggesting that utilizing this compound may provide a dual mechanism of inhibiting Shh signaling and cellular migration concurrently. GYS32661 is not toxic in animal models and is approximately 50% brain penetrant and therefore is an important clinical candidate for the treatment of medulloblastoma. Our studies identify an essential link between Rac1, Shh signaling, epigenetics, and cellular migration in medulloblastoma.
PRIMARY TILLAGE FOR WINTER DURUM WHEAT

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The primary tillage in crop cultivation determines the conditions for their growth and development. This is especially important for winter durum wheat, which has an underdeveloped root system and it requires a better approach to creating favorable conditions through tillage. There have been studied three methods of tillage: moldboard plowing on 22–25 cm (PN is 5-35); beardless plowing on 22–25 cm (PCh is2.5); disk plowing on 0–12 cm (AG is 2.4). The study was carried out in the southern area of the Rostov region in the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” (2011–2015). The trial was carried out by generally accepted methods, which made it possible to establish the advantages of the moldboard and beardless plowing of black fallow on 22–25 cm compared to disk plowing on 10-12 cm when cultivating winter durum wheat. Tillage contributed to a lower density in the arable horizon (1.08 and 1.09 g/cm3 ), to a greater microbiological soil activity (up to 37%), and to better moisture supply during the growing season. Moldboard plowing contributed to an availability increase of such nutrients as potassium and nitrogen, and disk plowing contributed to accumulation of available phosphorus. The improved physical soil properties contributed to greater productivity. At disk plowing, winter durum wheat productivity was on average 4.93 t/ha through the years of study. At boardless and moldboard plowing wheat productivity was 5.38 and 5.55 t/ha for non-plow and dump plowing, respectively. Soil treatment did not affect the quality indicators.
Reflex control of glucoregulatory exercise responses by group III and IV muscle afferents

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Group III and IV muscle afferents are active during exercise and relay information from mechano- and metaboreceptors in muscle. We hypothesized that these afferents participate in the regulation of endocrine and metabolic adjustments to exercise. Muscle branches of the femoral nerves were electrically stimulated in 10 anesthetized and paralyzed cats at 3, 20, and 140 times motor threshold, for 10 min at each intensity, recruiting group III afferents at 20 times motor threshold and group III and IV afferents at 140 times motor threshold. Six cats were not stimulated but were otherwise treated as stimulated cats. [3-3H]glucose was infused intravenously, and arterial blood was sampled for analysis of substrates and hormones. Three times motor threshold stimulation induced no changes in measured metabolic parameters. Twenty times motor threshold stimulation elicited increases (P < 0.05 vs. control) in glucose production (8.2 +/- 1.8 mumol.min-1.kg-1) and plasma glucose (0.29 +/- 0.07 mmol/l) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; 35 +/- 12 pg/ml). Stimulation at 140 times motor threshold elicited increases (P < 0.05 vs. control) in glucose production (10.2 +/- 5.4 mumol.min-1.kg-1), plasma glucose (0.53 +/- 0.10 mmol/l), ACTH (94 +/- 28 pg/ml), beta-endorphin (17 +/- 6 pg/ml), and Met-enkephalin (15 +/- 2 pg/ml) and decreases (P < 0.05 vs. control) in insulin (0.65 +/- 0.14 microU/ml). Glycerol and glucagon did not change with stimulations. The findings provide evidence for a reflex control from muscle of hormone secretion and mobilization of glucose during exercise.
Change in consolidated business models: the study of Radio Taxi cooperatives in Brazil after the inclusion of mobile applications in the market

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract Proliferation of mobile applications modified the taxi cooperative business model. The objective of this research was to verify how the changes in such business model occurred in a scenario of innovation,enhanced by the use of technology. The Pluralist and Multilevel Conceptual Solution was the theoretical lens selected for a qualitative study that covered the cities of São Paulo and Curitiba. Users and managers of cooperatives and applications were interviewed as well as taxi drivers. The most significant contribution of the work is the demonstration of how technology can modify an established business model. Keywords: Radio taxi applications, Taxi cooperative, Information technology, ICT, Business model. RESUMO O modelo de negócio de cooperativa de táxis foi modificado com a proliferação de aplicativos móveis. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar como se deram as mudanças em um modelo de negócio num cenário de inovação, potencializado pelo uso da tecnologia. A Solução Conceitual Pluralista e Multinível foi a lente teórica selecionada para um estudo qualitativo que abrangeu as cidades de São Paulo e Curitiba. Foram entrevistados usuários e gestores de cooperativas e aplicativos, bem como taxistas. A contribuição mais significativa do trabalho é a demonstração de como a tecnologia pode modificar um modelo de negócios estabelecido. Palavras-chave: Aplicativos de rádio táxis, Cooperativa de táxis, Tecnologia da informação, TIC, Modelo de negócio.
Shelter availability, stress level, and digestive performances in the aspic viper

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary The lack of shelter can perturb behaviors, increase stress level, and thus alter physiological performances (e.g. digestive, immune, or reproductive functions). Although intuitive, such potential impacts of lack of shelter remain poorly documented. We manipulated shelter availability, environmental and physiological variables (i.e. access to a heat source, predator attack, feeding status) in a viviparous snake. We assessed sun-basking behavior, digestive performance (i.e., digestive transit time, crude estimate of assimilation, regurgitation rate) and plasma corticosterone levels (a proxy of stress level). Shelter deprivation provoked a strong increase in sun-basking behavior and thus elevated body temperature; even in unfed individuals for which energy savings would have been otherwise beneficial. The lack of heat was detrimental digestive performance (i.e. all the metrics used to assess it). Simulated predator attacks worsened the situation and entailed a further deterioration of digestion. The combination of the lack of shelter with cool ambient temperatures markedly elevated basal corticosterone level and was associated with low digestive performance. This hormonal effect was absent when only one negative factor was involved, suggesting a threshold response. Overall, our results revealed important non-linear cascading impacts of shelter availability on stress-hormone levels, behaviors and physiological performance. These results infer shelter availability is important for laboratory studies, captive husbandry, and possibly conservation plans.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Bipyridazine Derivatives as Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) Receptor Agonists

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The development of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists has been of potential applications for the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Based on the crystal structure of SR-717 bound to hSTING, we designed and synthesized a novel series of bipyridazine derivatives as highly potent STING agonists. Among them, compound 12L led to significant thermal stability shifts of the common alleles of hSTING, as well as that of mSTING. 12L also displayed potent activities in various hSTING alleles and mSTING competition binding assay. Specifically, 12L displayed higher cell-based activities than SR-717 in both human THP1 (EC50 = 0.38 ± 0.03 μM) and mouse RAW 264.7 cells (EC50 = 12.94 ± 1.78 μM), and was validated to activate the downstream signaling pathway of STING via a STING-dependent manner. Furthermore, compound 12L showed favorable pharmacokinetic (PK) properties and antitumor efficacy. These findings suggested that compound 12L has development potential as an antitumor agent.
Pilot Data on the Nature of Trauma Exposure in Military Couples

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Using a sample of 50 couples, this pilot study examined the associations between service member and spouse PTSD symptoms on both self and partner relationship quality across trauma-type (i.e., interpersonal, non-interpersonal, military) and perpetrator-type (i.e., family member, non-family member, military) groups. Four multiple-group actor-partner interdependence models were used to analyze the actor and partner effects of husband and wives’ PTSD symptoms and relationship quality, as couples were classified into distinct groups. Results suggest that under some conditions, husband and wife PTSD symptoms were negatively associated with both their own and their partner’s relationship quality. Findings from these preliminary analyses invite a more dynamic conceptualization of the possible relationship between PTSD, relationship quality, and distinct facets of trauma exposure in veteran couples.
The health of prisoners: A survey of smoking, alcohol and drug use amongst prisoners in the South East

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This survey is part of a wider project looking into the health of Prisoners in relation to their consumption of illegal drugs, and the servics provided for them and after their stay in prison. The aim of the survey is to assess needs and risks and to evaluate services in Kent, Surry and Sussex Prisons (KSS), in relation to health and drug use.
Comparison of Clinical Efficacy of Donepezil Hydrochloride vs. Nimodipine in the Treatment of Vascular Dementia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

OBJECTIVE:To compare and observe clinical efficacy of donepezil hydrochloride vs.nimodipine in the treatment of vascular dementia(VD).METHODS:From Jan.2007 to Jan.2009,82 VD patients were randomly divided into donepezil hydrochloride group(41 cases)and nimodipine group(41 cases).The clinical efficacy,the degree of dementia and daily living activity were observed and compared among 2 groups.RESULTS:The effective rate and total effective rate in donepezil hydrochloride group were both significantly higher than those in nimodipine group(P0.05).The MMSE scores,CDR scores and ADL scores in donepezil hydrochloride group were significantly decreased 4 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment,there was statistical significance(P0.05).4 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment,MMSE score in nimodipine group was significantly different from before treatment,there was statistical significance(P0.05).CDR scores in nimodipine group were significantly decreased 12 weeks after treatment(P0.05)and had no significant difference 4 weeks after treatment(P0.05).ADL scores had no significant difference 4 weeks and 12 weeks after treatmen(tP0.05).The MMSE scores,CDR scores and ADL scores in donepezil hydrochloride group were significantly better than in nimodipine group 4 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment,there was statistical significance(P 0.05).CONCLUSION:Donepezil hydrochloride is better than nimodipine in the treatment of VD and can improve perceptibility,the degree of dementia and daily living activity of VD patients.
Countermeasures Injury Compensation Program (CICP): administrative implementation, interim final rule. Interim final rule with request for comments.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act (PREP Act) authorizes the Secretary of Health and Human Services (the Secretary) to establish the Countermeasures Injury Compensation Program (CICP or Program). The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is issuing this interim final rule with request for comments in order to establish administrative policies, procedures, and requirements for the CICP. This Program is designed to provide benefits to certain persons who sustain serious physical injuries or death as a direct result of administration or use of covered countermeasures identified by the Secretary in declarations issued under the PREP Act. In addition, the Secretary may provide death benefits to certain survivors of individuals who died as the direct result of such covered injuries or their health complications. The Secretary is seeking public comments on this interim final rule.
No More Than Exchanging Tools: Jacob Marschak and Cross-Disciplinary Interactions Between Economics and the Behavioral Sciences Movement, 1950–1956

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article explores steps toward cross-disciplinary interactions between economics and the behavioral sciences in the second half of the twentieth century. It focuses on Jacob Marschak's professional biography to illuminate how these interactions shaped the relationship particularly between mathematical economists and the behavioral sciences during the early years of the Cold War in the United States. The article examines the conditions under which Marschak was willing to engage with the behavioral sciences movement, the tentative beginnings of collaboration with other behavioral sciences, and its eventual realization. It is argued that the process was marked by ongoing tensions, as mathematical economists struggled to reconcile cross-disciplinary cooperation with their goal of securing the scientific status of economics. While mathematical economists did not outright reject interaction with the behavioral sciences, active cooperation fully materialized only in an exchange of tools and shared methodological commitments.
Production of interspecific hybrids in sesame through embryo rescue

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Investigations were carried out using cultivated and wild species of sesame viz Sesamum indicum cv DS-1 and E-8, S. radiatum and S. occidentale to standardize protocol for rescue of abortive hybrid embryos. Upon field pollination maximum capsule set was observed in the cross S. radiatum × S. indicum cv DS-1. The seeds however were shriveled and failed to germinate due to aborted embryos. To standardize the protocol for rescue of embryo both ovary and ovule culture was attempted. Both the cultivated species cv DS-1 and the wild S. radiatum showed best response (17.5% and 20.0% ovule germination respectively) when the ovules were cultured at 11 DAP. The ovule germination per cent still improved when the seed coat of ovules was removed before culture. The cv DS-1 had maximum ovules germinated (87.5%) at 12 DAP, whereas for S. radiatum, it was highest (50%) at 14 DAP. Out of the four interspecific crosses carried out, the cross S. radiatum × S. indicum cv DS-1 gave 40.0% plantlets followed by 38.4% from the cross S. radiatum × S. indicum cv E-8. The results of ovule culture at different days after pollination indicated that culturing of ovules at 11 DAP produce maximum number of plantlets when compared to culturing at later stages.
UTILIZATION OF BIRTH SERVICES AT HEALTH FACILITIES BASED ON CLASS OF PREGNANT WOMEN AT HILA HEALTH CENTER

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Early Breastfeeding Initiation (EBI) isthe baby given the opportunity to start their ownnursing immediately after birth / early, by letting the baby skin contact with the skin's motherat least one hour or more, until the first feeding is completed. However, lack of knowledge ofparents so that the IMD is still rarely practiced. This study aims to determine the effect of educational EBI on knowledge and attitude of pregnant women about EBI in the work area of Puskesmas Palangloe Gowa District. Type of research with quasi experiment method with the randomized pretest-posttest contol group design. The population in this study were all pregnant women in the work area of puskesmas as much as 60 pregnant women in January-April 20017. Sampling using total sampling method 60 pregnant women. The data were collected by using questionnaires. Statistic test used by Mann Whitney, Wilcoxon and Paired t Test. The results showed that there was a difference of the intervention group with the control group before and after the EBI intervention with p <0.05 and there was an effect of education on knowledge and attitude about EBI with p <0,05 (knowledge of intervention group p = 0,000, = 0,000, intervention group attitude p = 0,000 and attitude of control group p = 0,000). There were improved of knowledge level and attitude towards EBI on pregnant woman before and after counseling
Geochemical evidence for contribution of ore-forming materials from peraluminous granite basement Taking Fucheng pluton and No. 6722 uranium deposit in southern Jiangxi Province as examples

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Using the induced fission-track method, mobile uranium leaching and lead isotope analysis, this work obtianed geochemical features of the peraluminous Fucheng granite basement and the host rock (shoshonite) of the No. 6722 uranium deposit in southern Jiangxi Province. (i) Uranium contents of the leucocratic rock-forming minerals (0.18 mg/g for quartz, 0.36 mg/g for feldspar) are lower than the uranium content of the whole rock (4.6 mg/g). Biotite and some ac-cessory mineral inclusions (zircon, monazite and uraninite) are the main uranium carriers of the Fucheng granite pluton. The fissure uranium in altered minerals (hydromica and chlorite) increased evidently. (ii) Leachable rate of mobile uranium in the biotite granite is 10.4%, while that in the al-tered granite increased to 31%. (iii) Caculation based on lead isotopes shows that during alteration the Fucheng granite lost uranium (DU = -37% — -65%), whereas the Caotaobei shoshonite gained uranium (DU = +37%— +58%). These features suggest that the ore-forming material of the No. 6722 uranium deposit was mainly derived from the altered peraluminous granite basement of Fucheng pluton.
Aerobic interval training in standard treatment of out‐patients with schizophrenia: a randomized controlled trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and effects of integrating aerobic interval training ( AIT ) in standard care of out‐patients with schizophrenia on aerobic capacity and conventional cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk factors. Methods Out‐patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder were randomized to the following: 1) a training group ( TG ), performing AIT 2 day/week at the clinic with adherence support from municipal services; or 2) a control group ( CG ), given two AIT sessions and encouraged to exercise on their own. Feasibility was assessed through retention/adherence. was measured directly along with conventional CVD risk factors before and after 12 weeks. Results Of 48 out‐patients, 16/25 and 18/23 completed the TG and CG respectively. After 12 weeks, was higher (2.7 ± 4.8 ml/kg/min, P < 0.01) in the TG compared with the CG . The TG improved by 3.1 ± 3.7 ml/kg/min ( P < 0.01), while no change in the CG was observed. No intergroup difference in weight, body mass index ( BMI ), waist circumference, blood pressure, lipids, or glucose at posttest was observed. Weight (1.9 ± 4.0 kg, P < 0.05) and BMI (0.5 ± 1.1 kg/m 2 , P < 0.05) increased in the CG , with no change in the TG . Conclusion AIT , combined with adherence support, of out‐patients with schizophrenia was feasible, improved , and may be integrated in standard care. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT 02743143).