jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Quality Control at Nomophobia and Dependency to Technological Gadgets

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This study aims to investigate the phenomenon of technological gadget usage among pre-university students, which include the time spent using them, as well as their purpose and influence. A descriptive research design was adopted in this study. 131 pre-university students were randomly selected to answer a structured questionnaire. They were informed two weeks earlier to keep track on their time spent on technological devices, before answering the questionnaire. Findings showed that 99.2% of the respondents owned at least two technological gadgets, and all respondents own a smartphone. The main two gadgets that respondents spend at least 4 h a day on are smartphones (65.6%) and computers/laptops (21.4%). This indicates that smartphones are commonly used and owned among the respondents. The majority of the respondents are moderately nomophobia and moderately dependent on smartphones (70.2% and 66.4%, respectively). Correlation analysis demonstrates that the total time spent on gadgets in a day has a significant positive correlation with gadget dependency and total number of gadgets owned. Meanwhile, logistic regression was conducted to estimate the probability of nomophobia and dependency using total time spent and total number of technological gadgets. From the findings, it was demonstrated that when the total time spent on using technological gadgets increasing, there is greater probability that the respondents develop nomophobia and dependency. This indicates that nomophobia and dependency to technological gadgets can be used to predict lifestyle profiles. The use of technological gadgets can bring both benefit and harm to its user. In light of this, user has to remain rational in order to derive maximum benefit from it.
Artistic Representations of Andean Diasporas: Food and Carework; Music and Dance Performance; and Human Trafficking

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this dissertation, I examine representations of Andean diasporas in film, literature, and a variety of other cultural texts, from a comic strip to a cooking show. To contextualize my readings of these cultural representations, I draw from the ever-expanding interdisciplinary fields of Migration Studies, Transnational Studies, and Diaspora Studies. The plethora of social science research in these fields is complemented by close reading of artistic texts that pose their own questions about shifting migrant identities, transnational lives, and diaspora-homeland-host country relationships. Each of my four chapters focuses on the representation of one segment of host country labor markets into which members of Andean diasporas have inserted themselves—or, in the fourth chapter, in which they have been forcibly inserted through trafficking. Each chapter, then, employs a different lens to probe questions about diaspora members’ experiences, their evolving connections with their countries of origin, and their ambivalent reception in their host countries. In Chapter 1, I explore images of Andeans working in food preparation in Argentina, and the surprising way in which diaspora food and foodways become laden with weighty questions about national identity. From that migration trajectory within the Global South, I turn in Chapter 2 to the feminization of migration on a South-North migration corridor driven by the globalization of carework. I consider representations of Andean women who engage in carework in Spain, their experiences of transnational motherhood, and the lives of those left behind. In Chapter 3, I explore music and dance performance of Andean diasporas on a global stage, looking at questions of authenticity as they intersect with possibilities of income, recognition, and connection. In the final chapter, I examine conflicting representations of the trafficking of Andean women to work enslaved in the global sex industry. I probe the complexity of narratives of trafficking and rescue in which victims may become traffickers and rescuers may be less than heroic. I conclude by looking at directions for future study, particularly the gaps left when the cultural representations in widest circulation are those produced by natives of host nations, not members of Andean diasporas themselves.
Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors and the control of levels of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 by arachidonic acid in the bovine uterus

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Arachidonic acid is a potential paracrine agent released by the uterine endometrial epithelium to induce PTGS2 [PG (prostaglandin)-endoperoxide synthase 2] in the stroma. In the present study, bovine endometrial stromal cells were used to determine whether PTGS2 is induced by arachidonic acid in stromal cells, and to investigate the potential role of PPARs (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors) in this effect. Arachidonic acid increased PTGS2 levels up to 7.5-fold within 6 h. The cells expressed PPARα and PPARδ (also known as PPARβ) (but not PPARγ). PTGS2 protein level was increased by PPAR agonists, including polyunsaturated fatty acids, synthetic PPAR ligands, PGA1 and NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) with a time course resembling that of arachidonic acid. Use of agonists and antagonists indicated PPARα (but not PPARδ or PPARγ) was responsible for PTGS2 induction. PTGS2 induction by arachidonic acid did not require PG synthesis. PTGS2 levels were increased by the PKC (protein kinase C) activators 4β-PMA and PGF2α, and the effects of arachidonic acid, NSAIDs, synthetic PPAR ligands and 4β-PMA were blocked by PKC inhibitors. This is consistent with PPAR phosphorylation by PKC. Induction of PTGS2 protein by 4β-PMA in the absence of a PPAR ligand was decreased by the NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) inhibitors MG132 and parthenolide, suggesting that PKC acted through NF-κB in addition to PPAR phosphorylation. Use of NF-κB inhibitors allowed the action of arachidonic acid as a PPAR agonist to be dissociated from an effect through PKC. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that arachidonic acid acts via PPARα to increase PTGS2 levels in bovine endometrial stromal cells.
The Rating Problem — Lamps in Luminaires

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The standard “Recommended Practice for Reporting Photometric Performance of Incandescent Filament Lighting Units Used in Theatre and Television Production,” has been very useful for the industry. It, however, refers only to such lamp specifications as nominal wattage, design voltage, rated life, specified initial lumens and approximate color temperature. Little is stated about how these factors vary for individual samples of a particular lamp type. Testing laboratories can determine the performance of a specific lamp, but the user has limited knowledge and facilities for dealing with lamp rating variations that may affect acceptability for a specific use. The incandescent lamp is a highly precise device with operating parameters principally governed by the tungsten filament. Normally voltage is the first and basic factor establishing the lamp design based on the available power supply, and wattage is established by desired performance. Life, lumens and color temperature are all related variables with well-established interrelationships. It is important to know what variations may be expected in these factors for any specific lamp. Various illustrations show the effects on a lamp's performance in a luminaire. Other factors which can affect performance are considered along with the tolerances which can be anticipated.
Über die Natur der Arten und monophyletischen Taxa

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

On the Nature of Species and Monophyletic Taxa The biological species problem does not belong to the philosophical dispute about universals. The species category denotes a class of individual biosystems. Typological as well as nominalistic species concepts are special versions of the class concept of species. There are different kinds of species in nature. Monophyletic higher taxa are “closed phyletic communities of nature” (Ax), and ‐ more general ‐ “historical groups” ( WILEY ). They are an ontological phenomenon sui generis.
Food and Drink: Thoughts on Base Size in Sensory and Consumer Research

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In the applied world of product testing the appropriate number of panelists (base size) involves technical and business considerations. Base sizes range from very low (around six; used in expert panelist profiling) to high (hundreds; used in product tests by marketing researchers). Often base sizes are dictated by the requirement that the project identify statistical differences between or among samples. The probabilistic analysis of differences (significance vs. insignificance) derives from statistical theory, with base size used as a method to influence the sampling error (variability). This paper looks at base sizes another way-from the viewpoint of psychophysical scaling. The issue then can be re-stated as ‘what is the necessary base size at which the average rating stabilizes?’ Empirical data suggest that base sizes of 40-50 panelists generate stable averages and that beyond the 80 panelists the average is not particularly affected by the base size. These results hold for actual data for a variety of products, and for different types of attributes, specifically sensory (amount of a characteristic), and hedonic (liking of a characteristic).
<b>Frequency of Lumbar Disc Herniation in Patients with Lower Back Pain on Magnetic Resonance Imaging at Peshawar Institute of Cardiology</b>

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) represents a common etiology of lower back pain (LBP), contributing significantly to disability and healthcare burden globally. The condition involves displacement of intervertebral disc components, leading to nerve compression and pain, with regional variations in prevalence potentially influenced by demographic and occupational factors (1-4). Despite being a frequent clinical concern, data specific to LDH prevalence in Peshawar, Pakistan, remains limited, necessitating regional studies to inform diagnostic and preventive strategies (5-7). Objective: To determine the frequency of lumbar disc herniation among patients presenting with lower back pain and identify the most commonly affected disc levels on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted at the Radiology Department of Peshawar Institute of Cardiology between January 2023 and January 2024. MRI reports of 249 patients aged 18 to 75 years with lower back pain were reviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics computed with SPSS version 27. Results: Of 249 patients, 231 (92.8%) exhibited LDH, with a slightly higher frequency in females (47.0%) than males (45.8%). The L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels were most affected (28.8%). Disc bulging was the predominant type (49.8%), and 95.9% reported LBP symptoms. Conclusion: LDH is highly prevalent among LBP patients in Peshawar, with L4-L5 and L5-S1 discs being most involved. Early detection and public awareness may reduce morbidity associated with this condition.
Street children in Kampala and NGOs’ action: understanding capabilities deprivation and expansion

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Development Studies series \nIn this chapter, the authors analyse capability deprivation amongst street children in Kampala, Uganda. The methodology augments the ad-hoc survey presented in Chapter 4 with some qualitative participatory methods (photo essays, thematic drawings, life histories (peer interviews), mapping and focus group analyses). The data were collected from three groups of children: street children, ex-street children (i.e. “rehabilitated” children) living in institutions, and a control group of children who had no “street experience”. Policy implications are drawn from current policies and research findings.
The emerging roles of long non-coding RNA in gallbladder cancer tumorigenesis

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Accumulating evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important regulatory functions in gallbladder cancer (GBC) tumorigenesis and can serve as potential novel markers and/or targets for GBC. In this review, we critically discuss the emerging alteration of lncRNAs in GBC, the lncRNAs induced epigenetic regulation, the interaction of lncRNAs with microRNAs and lncRNAs effects on tumor-related signaling pathways. Additionally, contributions of lncRNAs in epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and energy metabolism reprogramming in GBC are also addressed. This may pave new ways towards the determination of GBC pathogenesis and lead to the development of new preventive and therapeutic strategies for GBC.
Comparative in-vitro effects of some anti-malaria drugs on human erythrocyte glutathione-s-transferase (EC. 2.5.1.18) activity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The in-vitro effects of the anti-malaria drugs chloroquine, camoquine (amodiaquine), mefloquine (lariam), quinine, halfan (halofantrine) and fansidar (sulfadoxine + pyrimethamine), on human erythrocyte gluatathione-S-transferase (GST) activity was spectrophotometrically investigated at 37°C, pH6.5 and at milligram percent (mg%) concentrations (0.10mg%, 0.20mg%, 0.40mg%, 0.60mg %, 0.80mg% and 1.00mg%) of the drugs. Quinine and its congeners, chloroquine, camoguine (4-amino quinoline) and mefloquine, were all observed to significantly (P quinine > mefloquine> camoquine. For instance at 1.00mg% concentration of the drugs, human erythrocyte GST activity was increased by 13.97, 8.98 7.98 and 6.98 folds in the presence of chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine and camoquine respectively. Halfan (halofantrine) and fansidar (non-quinoline antimalarials) produced no significant change in the activity of human erythrocyte GST at the various concentrations tested. The activation of this enzyme by quinine and its derivatives could point to a possibility of these drugs to raise the oxidant stress of the red cells in the course of their therapeutic actions. Key Words: Malaria, Chloroquine, Camoquine, Halfan, Quinine, Fansidar, Mefloquine, Erythrocytes, Glutathione-S-transferase. (Global J Med Sci: 2003 2(1): 43-48)
Effects of Rapid High Temperature Cyclic Aging on a Fully-Formulated Lean NOx Trap Catalyst

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this study, high-temperature deactivation of a fully-formulated lean NOx trap (LNT) is investigated with an accelerated aging protocol where accelerated aging is accomplished by rapid temperature cycling and by higher temperatures. Thermal aging is carried out in a bench-flow reactor at nominal temperatures of 700, 800, 900, and 1000 C using an aging cycle consisting of a 130s lean-phase and a 50s rich-phase. After a prescribed number of lean/rich aging cycles, the NOx conversion of the aged LNT is evaluated at 200, 300, and 400 C. The NOx performance is obtained at a GHSV of 30,000 h-1 using an evaluation cycle consisting of a 60s lean-phase and 5s rich-phase. The effects of aging on the LNT washcoat are determined with EPMA, XRD, STEM/EDS, and BET. Aging at 700 and 800 C has a minimal effect on LNT performance and material properties. However, at aging temperatures of 900 and 1000 C reduction in surface area and sintering of PGM particles are observed and result in a drastic reduction in NOx conversion. Additionally, after aging at 900 C and 1000 C the NOx storage medium, BaCO3, is no longer visible in the XRD patterns, even though a Ba-phase identified by EPMAmore » still exists in all aged samples. BaAl2O4 is not identified at any aging temperatures; possibly due to stabilization effects provided by washcoat additives present in this particular LNT.« less
Temperature-Gradient-Induced Open-Circuit Electric Currents in Charge-Density-Wave Condensates

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We have induced nonlinear conduction and current oscillations in the charge-density-wave state of $o\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Ta}{\mathrm{S}}_{3}$ in an open-circuit ($I=0$) configuration using a temperature gradient to generate thermal voltages exceeding a threshold. The above features are associated with a current carried by the condensate which is compensated by a normal current in the opposite direction. Our experiments provide the first clear observation of decoupled motion of the condensed and uncondensed electrons in solids with a charge-density-wave ground state.
Evaluasi Kualitas Susu Kambing Etawa Yang Dikoleksi dari Peternakan Berskala Kecil Di Wilayah Samigaluh, Kulon Progo

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Peranakan Etawa (PE) Goat is a type of superior goat that is very potential to be maintained as a dairy goat. Food safety guarantee of animal origin becomes very important in order to prevent and spread disease from animal to human. So it takes an effort in terms of quality control of food of animal origin, especially goat's milk. This study aims to determine the quality of PE goat milk which is maintained by farmers in small farms. The study was conducted on 15 samples of goat milk collected in the region of Samigaluh, Kulon Progo. The research used a method of testing the quality of milk in the laboratory that includes testing the physical condition of milk and milk composition. Testing the physical condition of milk consists of testing of cleanliness, color, odor, and taste. Testing of milk composition consist of degree of acid, reductase, fat content, calculation of total bacteria by Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The data obtained are then analyzed descriptively. The results showed milk samples were clean, yellowish, typical odor of fresh milk, and had a slightly sweet taste. Mean of acid degree 7,1°SH, mean of reductase rate 2 hour, mean of fat content 4,53% and mean total bacteria 2,8 x 105 CFU ml. These results indicate that the quality of goat milk included in the category worth to be consumed with sufficient quality. The quality of goat's milk is influenced by the type of feed given and the nutrient composition in the feed type.
Catches and Distribution of Two Flathead Species of the Genus platycephalus in the Southen Yatsushiro Sea, Japan.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Catches and distribution of two flathead species Platycephalus sp. I (magochi) and Platy-cephalus sp. II (yoshinogochi), in the southern Yatsushiro Sea, Japan, were analysed on the basis of catch statistics at Izumi fish market from 1983 to 1988. Annual catches amounted from 8.7 to 14.3 metric tons for Platycephalus sp. I and 0.2 to 2.9 metric tons for Platycephalus sp. II. The majority of the catches was brought in by gill net fishery and the minority by small sailing trawl and sea bream surrounding seine fisheries. Monthly CPUE values for gill net fishery were high from May to August (peak in June) for Platycephalus sp. I and March to May (peak in April) for Platycephalus sp. II. Catch information obtained by questionnaire during the fishing season from May to August in 1988 showed that Platycephalus sp. I is mainly distributed at the inshore regions at less than 30m depth and Platycephalus sp. II at the offshore regions between 30 and 40m depths.
Expression and Regulation of c-erb-A mRNA from Lymphocytes in Patients with Thyroid Dysfunction.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

To investigate the expression and the regulation of nuclear triiodothyronine (T3) receptor at the gene level, cellular(c)-erb-A mRNA isolated from lymphocytes in patients with thyroid dysfunction was examined by Northern gel analysis and dot blot hybridization using viral (v)-erb-A cDNA probe. Human lymphocytes contained c-erb-A mRNA (approximately 2.0 kilobase (kb) in length), and c-erb-A mRNA, which was determined by dot blot hybridization, was observed to be increased in hypothyroid patients but unaltered in hyperthyroid patients. The high level of c-erb-A mRNA may contribute in part to the increase in nuclear T3 receptor and these results suggest the presence of up-regulation of nuclear T3 receptor at the gene level in the lymphocytes of hypothyroid patients.
The family system seeking to transform its eating behavior in the face of childhood obesity

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand families’ behaviors and eating practices in the face of childhood obesity. Methods: a qualitative study, which used the Grounded Theory as a methodological framework and the Complexity Theory as a theoretical framework. Twenty-six informants participated in the study, who were part of two sample groups. Data were collected through intensive interviews, using a semi-structured script. Results: “The family system seeking to change eating behavior patterns in the face of childhood obesity” emerged as a central concept, relating three conceptual categories: “Recognizing its behavior patterns and eating practices”; “Reorganizing in the face of childhood obesity”; “Responding to change”. Final Considerations: the family influences children’s eating behavior and contributes to changes that occur in it, which highlights the relevance of the family approach in childhood obesity care, raising reflection on the current nursing practice together with families who experience the same problem.
Inequality as an obstacle to sustainable development: the case of Western Australia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Index of Sustainable Functionality makes it possible to analyse the sustainability of multiple systems within a domain from various perspectives. To illustrate how changes to wealth distribution can impact sustainability of the economy, environment and society, the resource rich state of Western Australia’s sustainable functionality was calculated from different wealth level perspectives. How wealth inequity may affect the stability of major systems including the social, terrestrial, water and mineral industry are discussed as are reasons behind changes in wealth and income distribution over the past 30 years. The ISF results show that from the perspective of society’s richest 20%, poorest 20% and average wealth levels; and from the perspective of the environment, system decline can occur even when the economy reaches full functionality. Suggestions to improve functionality and long-term stability are made, with the major suggestion the introduction of a fund modelled on Norway’s sovereign wealth fund.
Detecting Hidden Terminal Problems in Densely Deployed Wireless Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Wireless local area networks (WLANs) have allowed us to deploy seamless and high capacity wireless systems easily and inexpensively. However, recently, channel interference between different services has become a serious problem because access points (APs) of WLANs are located too densely. In the carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance used in WLANs, the hidden terminal (HT) problems occur depending on the distance between stations and the carrier sensing range. In the higher dense deployment mentioned above, the HT problems occur complicatedly. In this paper, we propose an AP cooperation system that detects the HT problems between stations (STAs). In our system, APs obtain the information of connected STAs from received frames and the HT problems are identified from the integration of the information obtained at different APs. The effectiveness is verified by simulations.