jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Modernism in the Classroom: Lionel Trilling and the Experience of Literature

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This essay surveys the career of Lionel Trilling to understand why he uses the phrase “modernism in the streets” to critique the 1960s counterculture. It focuses on his role as a teacher in relation to his writings on higher education, testimonies from his former students, the emergence of critical theory, and his understanding of the experience of literature. At stake in studying Trilling’s shift from an early champion of the modern imagination to his later defense of the rational intellect is his fear of the university’s commodification of art and the erosion of the liberal arts humanistic ideal. This essay ultimately argues that Trilling’s career reimagines the function of literature in the humanist tradition to account for the modernist and theoretical critique of humanism. In doing so, Trilling revitalizes the usefulness of irony as a mode of self-creation and exemplifies a new model of sincerity that teachers can adopt when faced with the task of helping students navigate the tension between the excess of modern literature and the decorum necessitated by social institutions.
A Comparative Study of Wireless Power Transmission Techniques

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The advent of various wireless technologies have revolutionized the communication infrastructure and consequently changed the entire world into a global village. Use of wireless technology has also been made for transmission of electric power wirelessly. It can reduce heavy line losses; increase the portability of power systems. It also integrates the communication technologies and electric power to the same platform. This paper presents a comprehensive review and detailed analysis of various techniques used for wireless power transmission. Role of wireless power transmission in applications of smart grid like electric vehicle charging has also been covered. Feasibility, implementations, operations, results and comparison among different methods have been elaborated in order to identify the favourable and economical method for low power and small distance applications.
The Hanna Neumann Conjecture and the rank of the join

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The Hanna Neumann conjecture gives a bound on the intersection of finitely generated subgroups of free groups. We explore a natural extension of this result, which turns out to be true only in the finite index case, and provide counterexamples for the general case. We also see that the graph-based method of generating random subgroups of free groups developed by Bassino, Nicaud and Weil is well-suited to generating subgroups with non-trivial intersections. The same method is then used to generate a counterexample to a similar conjecture of Guzman.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Inhibition of miR-17 and miR-20a by Oridonin Triggers Apoptosis and Reverses Chemoresistance by Derepressing BIM-S

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>PDF file - 32KB, Effects of miRNA inhibitors of the miR-17-19b cluster on the expression of BIM-S.</p>
Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sir.—I am interested in the study on non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis by Locasciulli and colleagues1in theAJDC. Since these investigators previously concluded that hepatitis B might influence the prognosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia,2I would like to know the effect of NANB hepatitis. Despite the fact that Locasciulli and co-workers' six patients had NANB-type hepatitis according to their criteria,1the immunofluorescence pattern was different in their patients' liver specimens. Was the immunofluorescence pattern related to the histologic diagnosis of the liver? What was their explanation for the rather localized immunofluorescence pattern shown in their Figure? Was the delta antigen looked for in their patients? Did they look for this immunofluorescence pattern in the liver of leukemic patients without evidence of chronic liver disease? In another previous study,3these investigators concluded that "there was a significant association between HBV [hepatitis B virus] infection and
Neoadjuvant therapy for esophageal cancer--what can we accept?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

There was no significant difference between the postoperative complications among the neoadjuvant and non-neoadjuvant groups. This therapy therefore does not have any influence on the course or results of surgical resection. MTT testing did not demonstrate any particular usefulness in tailoring neoadjuvant therapy. Chemoresistance could only be retrospectively evaluated and the results may be affected after cytostatic therapy. The long-term outcomes have not been evaluated yet due to the short follow-up time in our patient group.
When Faith Hurts: Clients’ Experience of the Therapeutic Relationship and a Counselor's way of Being on the Resolution of Religious and Spiritual Struggles

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Unaddressed religious and spiritual struggles can lead to poor mental health, making identifying the pathways individuals take towards growth of great importance. This hermeneutical phenomenological study explored the lived experiences of individuals who sought counseling to address their religious and spiritual struggles, focusing on how the therapeutic relationship and the counselor's way of being influenced growth pathways, as these factors are most predictive of positive outcome. The researcher highlights key findings and elaborates on clinical implications.
Causal reasoning in systems modelling

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper will not discuss the philosophy of causality in depth, but will focus on its applications to the modelling of macroeconomic systems. There has been much discussion in econometrics about the extraction of structural parameters. This is the question of ‘identification’, and there are well-established procedures for this extraction. Equations estimated in econometrics usually provide the functional relations among variables or economic indicators. However, economists are not only concerned with mathematical connections, as the causal relations between variables are also considered to be important. Qualitative models in economics are usually specified in terms of variables and their relations. Morever, data sets are not always available in qualitative models. Therefore, one possible approach for economic prediction is to apply causal reasoning methods to qualitative models. In this paper, modifications to the causal ordering concepts of Simon and Iwasaki will be proposed. A discussion on recent approaches for different types of tests for causality on stochastic models in also provided.
The reliability and reproducibility of MPPC

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Multi-Pixel Photon Counter (MPPC) is solid-state photon counting device consisting of a Geiger-mode APD and quenching resistor at the most basic level. To improve the total fill factor of a MPPC array, we have adopted new technologies such as metal quenching resistors (MQR), through-silicon vias (TSV), stealth dicing (SD), and highly accurate assembly techniques. We have confirmed the reliability of these new technologies. The innovative technologies that make up the new MPPC will expand the realm of potential applications.
The Black‐Box of ESG Scores From Rating Agencies: Do They Genuinely Reflect Sustainability Practices, or Are They Disproportionately Shaped by Financial Performance?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT This study examines the environmental, social and governance (ESG) scoring methodologies used by Bloomberg and S&P Global through the lens of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). It addresses a notable gap in the literature by identifying the underlying factors that shape ESG scores and providing practical insights for companies seeking to understand or improve their sustainability ratings. Our comparative analysis reveals clear differences between the two rating agencies. While Bloomberg's raw ESG scores are generally higher than those of S&P Global, the DEA‐normalised results tell a different story. Bloomberg applies stricter internal benchmarks, resulting in lower efficiency scores. In contrast, S&P's lower raw scores convert into higher DEA efficiencies, suggesting a more lenient, peer‐based benchmarking approach that tends to cluster firms near the top regardless of their absolute ESG performance. A particularly striking finding is that 99% of ESG scores from both agencies correlate with net income, highlighting a strong connection between financial performance and ESG ratings. Our regression analysis supports this, showing that firms with better financial outcomes tend to receive higher ESG scores. However, we also find that companies with growing cash reserves—often indicative of reinvestment and expansion—may be penalised, receiving lower ESG scores. This suggests a potential bias against firms prioritising long‐term growth over immediate returns. This study lays the groundwork for future research aimed at refining ESG datasets and expanding the scope of analysis.
Impact of combining cross-docking and vendor managed inventory in a retail supply chain

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of combining the cross-docking strategy (XD) and vendor managed inventory (VMI) in a retail supply chain. Particularly, the impact of combining XD and VMI, compared to VMI is investigated. The presented work is based on a case study research methodology. The research was done in collaboration with a fast moving consumer goods company and a French grocery retailer. A cost model has been developed to compare three different scenarios: 1) VMI scenario; 2) a XD scenario; 3) a combination of XD and VMI. The case study provides two main observations: 1) compared to VMI, XD is more economical: a 13% reduction of the cost; 3) combining XD and VMI reduces the supply chain cost by 28%. This paper fills a gap by proposing a cost analysis based on a real case study and by analysing the advantages of implementing different scenarios in the retail supply chain context. Furthermore, the cost model may be used to help managers choose the right distribution strategy for their supply chain.
Provisioning Behaviour in a Communal Breeder: an Epigenetic Approach To the Study of Individual Variation in Behaviour

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract This study used an epigenetic approach to examine the development of individual variation in provisioning behaviour in a communally breeding bird, the pukeko. Breeders who are initially 'exposed' to chicks during incubation were the first to brood and provision newly hatched chicks. From the first week after hatching until midway through the provisioning period, there was no significant difference in the percentage of time spent provisioning by breeders and non-breeders suggesting that the maintenance of provisioning is not dependent on increases in hormone levels attained through breeding or incubation, but on stimulations that arise through contact with the chicks. Breeders reduced and eventually stopped provisioning chicks midway through the provisioning period in association with the laying of a second clutch. Social learning, imitation and the 'priming' effect of other behaviours appeared to influence the onset of provisioning in inexperienced or naive juvenile and yearling pukeko. Inexperienced birds initially exhibited a heightened response toward hatchlings which appears to be the result of some sort of novelty effect. Inexperienced yearlings, however, did not provision for as long into the season as experienced non-breeders unless the latter were not present in the group or had stopped provisioning earlier in the season. It is proposed that factors giving rise to and maintaining behavioural asymmetries can best be understood from an epigenetic perspective.
Media events: The case of international terrorism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Media‐oriented terrorism has stirred growing interest in the communication strategy of modern terrorism and in the quantity, forms, and consequences of media coverage of terrorist events. One limitation of previous analyses is the lack of a theoretical framework to pinpoint the uniqueness of terrorism as media drama, and the commonalities with other kinds of media drama. A theoretical media‐event framework is proposed. The attributes, social processes, and impact of media events are compared with these same factors in terrorist events. The representative case selected to illustrate terrorist events is the June 1985 TWA airliner hijacking.
A new flow path: eDNA connecting hydrology and biology

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Environmental DNA (eDNA) has revolutionized ecological research, particularly for biodiversity assessment in various environments, most notably aquatic media. Environmental DNA analysis allows for non‐invasive and rapid species detection across multiple taxonomic groups within a single sample, making it especially useful for identifying rare or invasive species. Due to dynamic hydrological processes, eDNA samples from running waters may represent biodiversity from broad contributing areas, which is convenient from a biomonitoring perspective but also challenging, as hydrological knowledge is required for meaningful biological interpretation. Hydrologists could also benefit from eDNA to address unsolved questions, particularly concerning water movement through catchments. While naturally occurring abiotic tracers have advanced our understanding of water age distribution in catchments, for example, current geochemical tracers cannot fully elucidate the timing and flow paths of water through landscapes. Conversely, biological tracers, owing to their immense diversity and interactions with the environment, could offer more detailed information on the sources and flow paths of water to the stream. The informational capacity of eDNA as a tracer, however, is determined by the ability to interpret the complex biological heterogeneity at a study site, which arguably requires both biological and hydrological expertise. As eDNA data has become increasingly available as part of biomonitoring campaigns, we argue that accompanying eDNA surveys with hydrological observations could enhance our understanding of both biological and hydrological processes; we identify opportunities, challenges, and needs for further interdisciplinary collaboration; and we highlight eDNA's potential as a bridge between hydrology and biology, which could foster both domains. This article is categorized under: Science of Water > Hydrological Processes Science of Water > Methods Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems
Satellite remote sensing of wildlife habitats using a multi-scale, object-based, decision-tree classifier (MOOSC)

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes an object-based methodology devised to enable accurate and detailed habitat mapping using IKONOS VHR satellite images. The Multi-scale Object Oriented Segmentation with Decision Tree Classification (MOOSC) comprises a suite of image processing techniques applied interactively by the user in response to study area characteristics, and data dimensionality. Because of the inherent flexibility of the method, MOOSC can obtain high mapping accuracy even in the rugged terrain of the present study area combined with the low solar zenith angle of the wintertime images used. The accuracy of 90% obtained for MOOSC increases to 94% if habitat classes are based purely on physical structure rather than life form, ie. if shrub-sized tree seedlings planted on grassy slopes are classified as shrubby grassland, which they resemble physically and spectrally, although logically they belong to the forest class. Thus the MOOSC method is able to achieve similar accuracy to stereo air photo interpretation from large scale, high quality colour photos (which achieved 95% accuracy), but at only one third of the cost.
Employees’ Attitudes Toward Equity-Based Compensation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This article presents a field study that examines the subjective value of equity-based compensation and investigates the relationship between attitude toward risk and compensation preferences. The participants in the field survey received equity-based compensation in the past but lack financial education background. We find that the respondents exhibit difficulty in estimating the value of employee stock options, which usually results in a subjective value that is lower than the objective value (calculated using the Black–Scholes model). Additional findings demonstrate the presence of behavioral biases such as priming and mental anchoring. Finally, we document an absence of transitivity in the preferences of 10% of the respondents.
MEKiAUTO: A phase I/II open-label study of combination therapy with the MEK inhibitor cobimetinib, Immune-checkpoint blockade with atezolizumab, and the AUTOphagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine in KRAS-mutated advanced malignancies.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

TPS450 Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and colorectal carcinoma (CRC) are aggressive diseases which account for the third and second leading causes of cancer-related death, respectively. Limited progress has been made towards effective treatments or cure. K RAS is mutated or amplified in nearly 30% of all cancers, including up to 95% of PDAC and 45% of CRC. Although no successful KRAS directed therapy has been approved to date, data has emerged demonstrating that inhibition of downstream targets of KRAS, namely MEK/ERK, increases autophagic flux in KRAS-mutated tumors. This catabolic process is used by many tumors to maintain viability and recent preclinical studies have shown that combining MEK/ERK and autophagy inhibitors in KRAS-mutated tumors can synergistically suppress cancer cell proliferation. Inhibition of autophagy has demonstrated an increase in antigen presentation which sensitize tumors to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Presented here is a trial-in-progress that will evaluate combination of cobimetinib (MEK inhibitor), atezolizumab (anti-PDL1), and hydroxychloroquine (autophagy inhibitor) in KRAS-mutated advanced malignancies. Methods: This is a phase 1/2 multicenter, open-label study of combination cobimetinib (40-60mg) orally once daily on days 1-21, hydroxychloroquine (600mg) orally twice daily on days 1-28, and atezolizumab 840 mg IV on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle. Patients with histologically confirmed metastatic or unresectable KRAS-mutant adenocarcinoma for which standard curative or meaningful life-prolonging treatment options do not exist or are no longer effective will be enrolled. The primary objective of the phase I portion of this trial, which seeks to enroll 18 patients, is to estimate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of these agents using a two-stage time-to-event continual reassessment method (TITE-CRM). The primary objective of the phase II portion of this trial, which seeks to enroll approximately 66-157 patients, is to evaluate the preliminary efficacy of this combination, based on the objective response by 16 weeks. Secondary endpoints include PFS, OS, and safety. Correlative aims include analyses of pre- and on-treatment biopsies with quantitative multiplex immunofluorescence, RNA-sequencing, reverse phase protein array for association with clinical benefit and to determine mechanisms of action/resistance. An interim analysis will be performed at the conclusion of the phase I portion of the study. This study is open with 4 patients enrolled at the time of submission. Clinical trial information: NCT04214418 . This trial is being conducted as part of the imCORE collaboration. Clinical trial information: NCT04214418.
Potential of Apple Wasteas a non-conventional feed for Livestockand poultry

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Apple (Malus domestica Borkh) is one of the most cultivated and consumed treefruits in the world and is widely grown fruit in Jammu & Kashmir which is considered as apple bowl of country. It is a major horticulture produce and is the backbone of the rural economy of this region. Out of the total production of 1348.15 metric tonnes, its share (%) in the total apple production in the country is 70%. Approximately an amount of 65722.31 metric tonnes of apple pomace is being produced from apple processing industry. Thisposesa disposal problem,environmental pollution and loss of valuable biomass and nutrients. Apple pomace is a heterogeneous mixture consisting of peel, core, seed, calyx,stem and soft tissues,rich source of fermentable carbohydrate, protein, crude fibre and mineralsusedfor feeding to livestock. Apple pomace has high moisture content, possesses insoluble carbohydrates. (Cellulose, hemi cellulose and lignin), reducing sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose), rich source of minerals and vitamin C. However, it is low in protein and essential amino acids. Typically, apple pomace contains 66.4-78.2% moisture and 9.0-22% carbohydrates. Its value depends mainly on carbohydrates, crude fibre, fermentable sugar, pectin and mineral contents. Being a good source of energy, it can be included inlivestockand poultryrationfor profitable production.Key words:Apple waste, Livestock feed, Nutritive value
Optimizing data load patterns: Architectural strategies for scalable enterprise analytics pipelines

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of data loading patterns that form the backbone of modern analytical pipelines in enterprise environments. As organizations increasingly depend on data-driven decision making, the selection of appropriate ingestion methodologies becomes critical for balancing processing efficiency, data freshness, and system scalability. The article examines three fundamental loading patterns—batch, stream/continuous, and micro-batch—evaluating their architectural implications, performance characteristics, and optimal use cases. The article demonstrates that while batch processing continues to offer robust solutions for comprehensive analytical workloads, streaming architectures deliver crucial real-time insights, with micro-batch approaches emerging as an effective hybrid solution for organizations with diverse analytical requirements. The article presented guides practitioners in strategically selecting loading patterns that align with specific business objectives, data volumes, and latency requirements. This article contributes to the evolving discourse on scalable data infrastructure design by emphasizing the importance of intentional loading pattern selection as a foundational element of successful analytical ecosystems.
The Influences of Sponge City on Property Values in Wuhan, China

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Rapid urbanization in China and global climate change have increased urban flood exposure in Wuhan, and the increased flood risk has reduced property values in flood-prone areas. The central government of China is promoting the application of the sponge city concept to reduce urban flood risk and improve the environment in cities. Wuhan is one of the pilot cities of this initiative. A shortage of funds is one of the main obstacles to sponge city construction, as is the lack of a suitable business model. To test residents’ willingness to pay for sponge city construction, this research analyzed the impact of sponge city construction on the housing values of areas covered by sponge city interventions. The authors conducted interviews and analyzed secondary data to gauge residents’ awareness and perceptions of sponge city interventions. The results show that more than half of residents in Wuhan are willing to pay for sponge city measures, but the amount they are willing to pay is limited. Residents are more willing to pay for improvements of their living environment than for flood reduction measures.