jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Current Issues in Agriculture Credit in India

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper attempts to analyse the issues in agricultural credit in India. The analysis reveals that the credit delivery to the agriculture sector continues to be inadequate. It appears that the banking system is still hesitant on various grounds to purvey credit to small and marginal farmers. The situation calls for concerted efforts to augment the flow of credit to agriculture, alongside exploring new innovations in product design and methods of delivery, through better use of technology and related processes. Facilitating credit through processors, input dealers, NGOs, etc., that are vertically integrated with the farmers, including through contract farming, for providing them critical inputs or processing their produce, could increase the credit flow to agriculture significantly.
An Attributional Style Questionnaire for General Use

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Explanatory style is a cognitive personality variable with diverse correlates reflecting good versus bad adaptation. It is usually measured with the Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ), but existing versions of this instrument can be difficult for research participants to complete without close supervision. We describe a new version of the ASQ and its use in a mail survey of 146 college students. Results support its efficiency, reliability, and validity. A satisfactory response rate of 70%o was attained. Very few items were omitted among the questionnaires returned (1.3%). Subscale reliabilities were satisfactory (alphas > .70), and the new ASQ correlated with reports of depressive symptoms ( rs > .28), suggesting its appropriateness for general use with adults, including survey research.
Meta Analysis of Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Reducing Child Sexual Behaviour in Sexually Abused Children

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Child sexual abuse is known to cause adverse effects for its victims, one of them is problem \nsexual behavior. Problem sexual behavior is sexually oriented behavior done by child aged \n12 years or younger and it is developmentally inappropriate or could be harmful for \nthemselves and others. One of the longer term effect is the victim may become sexual \noffenders if not treated seriously. One of the intervention that can treat problem sexual \nbehavior is Trauma Focused Cognitive Behaviour Therapy or TF-CBT. This review aims to \ndetermine the effectivity of TF-CBT by using meta analysis. The studies are collected from \nScience Direct, ProQuest, Sage Journal, Springer Link, Scopus, EBSCO and several repository. The \ninclusion criteria used are the studies must be RCT, subjects are child victim of sexual abuse \nwho showed problem sexual behavior, the behavior is measured with CSBI (Child Sexual \nBehavior Inventory) and used TF-CBT as intervention. The result shows that the use of TFCBT may not be effective for decreasing problem sexual behavior. There are some factors \nthat affect the effectivity of TF-CBT, such as participant’s age, cognition, intensity of trauma \nand other psychological disorders. However, TF-CBT is potential for decreasing problem \nsexual behavior because it is directive and uses various behavioral strategies.
Real Time Phong Shading

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Nowadays, hardware support for Gouraud shading is state-of-the-art. Most hardware implementations of the Phong shading algorithm lack flexibility, for example are restricted in the number of light sources. In this paper, we will present a concept of shading processors that has been developed in a rendering system called PROOF. Two types of processors have been designed, one performing the normalization of vectors. The other one is designed for faster and cheaper shading. The capabilities of the processors are demonstrated.
Determinants of blockchain technology adoption among Zakat institutions in Malaysia: a proposed integrated model

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Blockchain is a cutting-edge technology that is capable of transforming and facilitating Zakat institutions to manage the Zakat proceeds and connect Zakat payers and recipients in a more effective and efficient way. However, despite many benefits that it can offer, the adoption rate is still very low especially in developing countries. While studies on blockchain have gained a relative pace over the recent years, the literature on this topic does not report adequate research cases on blockchain adoption behavior at the individual level. This study, therefore, aims to bridge this gap, notably by examining factors that influence blockchain adoption behavior among employees in Zakat institutions in Malaysia, Drawing on the emerging literature on blockchain, Zakat and network theory, as well as on Technology Acceptance Models (TAMs), we have developed an integrated model based on the Classical Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) and blockchain transparency. The research findings will be a platform to unravel the belief factors that influence the formation of attitude of the employees in Zakat institutions and their intention to adopt blockchain technology.
ESO-based slip film control of the cotton picking head hydraulic system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A slip film control technique based on an expansion state observer is proposed to address issues such as unclear internal characteristics of cotton-picking hydraulic equipment, modeling difficulties owing to external random disturbances, poor output speed stability, and limited controllability. First, a third-order mathematical model of the valve-controlled motor is established. Then the unmodeled model's dynamic errors and load disturbances are uniformly integrated in-to the 'total disturbances' for real-time estimation and compensated to the sliding-mode controller combined with the expanded state observer by the second-order expanded state observer, and finally, a complete valve-controlled motor system is constructed in the 'MATLAB/Simulink-AMESim' simula. The simulation test results show that the control algorithm is faster, more stable, and more resistant to interference than the PID controller and the backstepping sliding mode controller, with control accuracy improved by 94.5% and 85.6%, respectively, and hydraulic motor output with a constant rotational speed is achieved.
Displaced Intra-articular Calcaneal Fractures: Current Concepts and Modern Management

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT The calcaneal fractures are usually the result of high-energy injuries, falls from height and road traffic accidents and constitutes about 2% of all fractures. 60 to 75% of them are displaced intra-articular fractures and 90% of them are usually in males, mainly in industrial workers.there is still controversy regarding classification and treatment. The purpose of this review is to present the modern surgical modalities for these type of fractures. How to cite this article Volpin G, Cohen Z, Kirshner G, Shtarker H. Displaced Intra-articular Calcaneal Fractures: Current Concepts and Modern Management. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2014;1(1):24-31.
A Descriptive Analysis of Streptococcus suis-Associated Disease in Irish Pigs from 2010 to 2024: Serotypes, Pathology, and Antimicrobial Resistance

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

This file is the accompanying supplementary information for the paper entitled "A Descriptive Analysis of Streptococcus suis-Associated Disease in Irish Pigs from 2010 to 2024: Serotypes, Pathology, and Antimicrobial Resistance".It contains primer sequences for PCR and antibiotic breakpoints used in antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
Public libraries in cyberspace an evaluation of public library web sites.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Internet Age witnessed organizations, both profit and non-profit oriented, demonstrating their eagerness to establish an online presence. The writer, as a librarian, is interested in exploring how far public libraries have ventured in cyberspace and whether they are ready to become the lighthouses in the rough seas of data. A set of 23 features from five categories, namely, Clicks-and-Mortar, Collection and Services, Design and Layout, Interactive Features, and User Education, was formulated and used to evaluate 64 public library Web sites from around the world. These Web sites from Australia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Canada, the United Kingdom, the United States, New Zealand, Norway, Finland, Iceland, Germany, France and Sweden served as proof of the level of diversity existing in the Internet environment.
Genetic Testing of Huntington’s Disease by Facial Examination of a Mankind using AI Programs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This Genetic disorder is considered as one of the major challenges faced by Medical Sciences as it is inherited by humans from one generation to another. With an increasing number of natives of the World at a higher rate, it causes a major impact on information society socially and economically during their lifetime. The citizens of Pakistan and Indian sub continents are facing genomic disease in probably high frequency as compared to other continents. Occurrence of congenital diseases in Pakistan results in higher percentages of unusual genetic diseases especially in children. After analyzing all the current scenarios, some goals and objectives were settled in order to facilitate and give general awareness to people. The objectives of systematic review are evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of AI for the identification of genome contributions to the pathogenesis of Huntington's disease through facial probe AI to accurately identify genetic disorders. The narrative review is performed in Ned University. In this proceeding sequence, 30 cases of both Normal and Genetically affected Patients were documented in which some certain sorts of tests were performed by using facial recognition. For this FR test, at first a combo list of information of all six emotions of a human being i.e. (Happy, Sorrow, Amazed, Fear, Anger, Revulsion) is gathered in the form of mutated images, which was then later be arranged into a pseudo-random order. Now with the help of Vision Technology we have applied some CV Techniques for the extraction of large pattern sets of features. Lastly the purpose of ML and DL techniques is to receive and compare those morphed image data from the Facial Database in order to identify each of six different emotions of HD & Normal Person. This whole procedure is conducted in real time. Hence in this way we may recognize the HD genetic disorder among the people in an efficient way. The detailed procedure is explained in the Methodology section of this narrative review. Implementation of this process will bring an amazing accountability in suppressing Genetic testing HD in clinical practice.
Preparing enzymolysis liquid of tartary buckwheat flour used for probiotics fermentation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

For the use of tartary buckwheat flour for fermentation with probiotics,the enzymolysis liquid of tartary buckwheat flour need have high reducing sugar content.Used the warm α-amylase enzyme to enzymatic hydrolysis the tartary buckwheat,and studied that a different enzymatic hydrolysis conditions,including hydrolysis time,enzyme dosage,hydrolysis temperature and pH values et al,impact to reduce sugar content in the tartary buckwheat flour.And L16(45) orthogonal test was used to optimize the reaction conditions.The results showed that: Hydrolysis time 2 h,hydrolysis temperature 55 ℃,enzyme dosage 150 U/g,pH value 5.5 and the ratio of solid to liquid 1∶4(W∶V) were suitable conditions for probiotics fermentation.Under the condition,the reducing sugar content is 8.18%.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression in an Asian Community in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Depression is a common condition in developed countries and is a growing problem in developing countries like Tanzania. Various risk factors have been identified through different studies. This study aimed at finding the prevalence of depression in a predominantly migrant Asian community and the behavioral, familial, social, and medical factors influencing it. A cross-sectional study among adults in a closed Asian community was done. Interviews and self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain details of symptoms and factors related to depression. DSM-IV criteria were used to diagnose depression in the individuals. Factors were assessed for significance using Chi square test. A total 384 participants were interviewed. Depression was found in 6.5% of the population. Risk factors included psychological stress (p<0.001, OR = 6.37, 95% CI = 2.42–16.69) and a family history of depression (p=0.023, OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.02–6.42). A sufficient family income was associated with a lower risk of depression (p=0.013, OR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.06–0.77). The prevalence of depression is within the range of the worldwide prevalence. Past psychological trauma and a family history of depression were significant risk factors, while a sufficient income was protective.
New relations between analyticity, Regge trajectories, Veneziano amplitude, and Moebius transformations

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we use the analyticity properties of the scattering amplitude in the context of the conformal mapping techniques. The Schwarz-Christoffel and Riemann-Schwarz functions are used to map the upper half -plane onto a triangle. We use the known asymptotic and threshold behaviors of the scattering amplitude to establish a connection between the values of the Regge trajectory functions and the angles of the triangle. This geometrical interpretation allows a link between values of the Regge trajectory functions and the generators of the invariance group of Moebius transformations associated with the underlying automorphic function. The formalism provides useful new relations between analyticity, geometry, Regge trajectory functions, Veneziano model, groups of Moebius transformations and automorphic functions. It is hoped that they will provide avenues for further work.
SGK1 protein expression is a prognostic factor of lung adenocarcinoma that regulates cell proliferation and survival.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The etiological or clinicopathological significance of serum glucocorticoid-induced protein kinase 1 (SGK1) in lung adenocarcinoma remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of SGK1 in the development and progression of human lung adenocarcinoma and the effects of targeted inhibition of intrinsic SGK1 expression on the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells. SGK1 protein expression in 150 human cases of lung adenocarcinoma was detected by immunohistochemical analysis, and the relationships between SGK1 expression and clinicopathological features were assessed. In addition, endogenous SGK1 profiles were determined in seven lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis were characterized in the absence and presence of SGK1 inhibitors. Compared to the adjacent normal tissues, significantly higher SGK1 expression levels were detected in the cytoplasm in cancerous lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Besides, SGK1 expression correlated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and pathological staging. Univariate analysis suggested that overexpression of this protein correlated significantly with a poor prognosis. Cultured lung adenocarcinoma cells expressed relatively high SGK1 levels, and inhibition of this protein was associated with G2 cell cycle arrest and reduced cyclin B1 and cdc2 expression. Pharmacological SGK1 inhibition experiments corroborated the role of this protein in cell cycle progression. SGK1 expression correlated closely with lung adenocarcinoma progression and could be used as a prognostic marker. Endogenous SGK1 inhibition abrogated lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation via G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest, which was likely mediated by the concerted actions of cell cycle regulators.
Rock-Eval analysis and organic petrographical characterization of the Upper Jurassic Naokelekan Formation, northern Mesopotamian basin, Kurdistan Region-Iraq

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this study is to assess the type, thermal maturity and the petroleum generation potential of the Upper Jurassic Naokelekan Formation, occurring across the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, by applying organic petrographical methods and Rock-Eval analysis. The Rock-Eval data would indicate the presence of kerogen types III, IV and II as the main constituents. However, the qualitative petrographical evaluation revealed that the main organic constituents are solid hydrocarbons, in the form of microgranular migrabitumens, with minor amounts of pyrobitumens. These secondary particles have affected the results of the Rock-Eval analysis and would have led to misinterpretation of organic matter typification based on pyrolysis results only. The combined results of petrography and pyrolysis indicate an active petroleum system within the Upper Jurassic sequence, where hydrocarbons are generated and reservoired within suitable lithologies.
Serial Changes of the Splenic Volume after Traumatic Intraperitoneal Hemorrhage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: We wanted to evaluate the serial changes of the splenic volume in patients with traumatic intraperitoneal hemorrhage. Materials and Methods: 20 consecutive patients with traumatic intraperitoneal hemorrhage and who underwent initial CT, early follow-up CT within 30 days and late follow-up CT examinations thereafter were included in this study. The volume of the spleen on each CT examination was measured and the relative splenic volume (RSV) on the initial and early follow-CT examinations was calculated on the basis of the splenic volume on the late follow-up CT. The hemoperitoneum score was calculated on the basis of the size of the intraperitoneal hemorrhage. Results: The average RSVs of the initial and early follow-up CT were 62.0% and 133.3%, respectively, and all the patients showed an increase of the splenic and relative splenic volumes on the early follow-up CT, as compared with those on the initial CT. Initial splenic contraction was seen in 18 patients (90.0%) and early splenomegaly was seen in 14 patients (70.0%). Patients with initial splenic contraction and early splenomegaly were the most common (12 patient, 60.0%). Conclusion: Initial physiologic splenic contraction was seen in most of the patients with hemoperitoneum, and thereafter early splenomegaly was commonly seen before normalization of the splenic volume.
Metabolism of sulfur‐containing amino acids in the dermatophyte Microsporum gypseum I. Neutral amino acids

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The dermatophyte Microsporum gypseum was cultivated on a glucose‐arginine medium to which on out of six sulfur‐containing amino acids was added (l‐cystine, l‐djenkolic acid, dl‐lanthionine dl‐homocystine, l‐methionine, or l‐methionine‐sulfone at a concentration of 5 mm with respect to sulfur content). The addition of these substances did not stimulate the growth and some amino acids (djenkolic acid and particularly methionine and methionine‐sulfone) were inhibitory. All tested compounds were utilized during the growth not only as sulfur source but as a source of carbon and nitrogen as well. In four substrates excess sulfur was excreted after oxidation into the medium in the form of sulfate. Small amounts of sulfite were also observed. It usually reacted with remaining disulfides in the medium forming S‐sulfo compounds (R‐S.SO 3 H). Cystine and djenkolic acid were oxidized rapidly and completely. In contrast, lanthionine and particularly homocystine were oxidized slowly and only after a longer adaptation. To some extent lanthionine was already oxidized extracellularly in the medium. With methionine and its sulfone, excess sulfur was not removed by oxidation but by demethiolation to methane thiol and further volatile products.
The Search for Shangri-La: A Journey Into Tibetan History

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The idea of a hidden refuge, a paradise far from the stresses of modern life, has universal appeal. In 1932 the writer James Hilton coined the word 'Shangri-La' to describe such a place, when he gave that name to a hidden valley in the Himalayas in his novel LOST HORIZON. In THE SEARCH FOR SHANGRI-LA acclaimed traveller and writer Charles Allen explores the myth behind the story. He tracks down the sources that Hilton drew upon in writing his popular romance, and then sets out to discover what lies behind the legend that inspired him. In the course of a lively and amusing account of his four journeys into Tibet, Allen also gives us a controversial new reading of the country's early history, shattering our notions of Tibet as a Buddhist paradise and restoring the mysterious pre-Buddhist religion of Bon to its rightful place in Tibetan culture. He also locates the lost kingdom of Shang-shung and, in doing so, the original Shangri-La itself: in an astounding gorge beyond the Himalayas, full of extraordinary ruins.
Determination of diallytrisin in garlic oil soft Capsules by HPLC

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Aim To determine the diallytrisin in garlic oil soft capsules.Methods The method of HPLC was used and the chromatography column was shpersob ODS column(250mm×4mm B Fitting),the mobile phase was CH 3CN H 2O C 4H 8O(70∶27∶3),the determination wavelength was 240nm,The flow rate was 0.7ml/min.Results Good linearity was obtained in the range of determination r=0.999 7,the recovery rate could reach 99.65%,RSD=1.78%(n=8).Conclusion The method could determine the content of diallytrisin in garlic oil soft capsules made by distillation.
Elimination of voltage imbalance between the split capacitors in three-phase half-bridge switch-mode rectifiers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The voltage imbalance between the split capacitors in three-phase half-bridge switch-mode rectifiers is observed and the elimination of the imbalance is proposed in this paper. It is found that adding a DC bias to the source current of each phase can resolve the voltage imbalance problem. The elimination strategies are developed by thoroughly analyzing all possible conducting paths of the DC bias currents and their effect on the voltage imbalance. The proposed elimination control loop is implemented on a prototype system and the experiments show satisfactory results.
Generation of Mouse Models of Cancer Using Transposon‐Mediated Approaches

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cancer genomes harbour a formidable genetic heterogeneity that makes determining the genes involved in tumour development or therapeutic response challenging. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) transposon systems have enabled the development of a new generation of mouse models to help tackle this complex situation. These transposon-based genetically engineered mouse models of cancer have provided a powerful tool for cancer gene discovery, complementing genomic studies in human tumour specimens that have been accomplished during the past 15 years. In addition, the high gene delivery efficiency of DNA transposons has been used to generate reverse genetic mouse models of cancer in order to study the function of specific cancer genes. Overall, DNA transposons have reinforced and advanced the study of cancer pathogenesis, unveiling cancer promoting mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Key Concepts Cancer genomes harbour a complex genetic landscape. Mouse models of cancer have extensively contributed to the understanding of the tumour pathogenesis. Transposon-based mouse models of cancer provide a powerful tool for cancer gene discovery. Sleeping Beauty and piggyBac transposon systems are complementary. DNA transposons allow the functional validation of cancer genes in vivo .