jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The SLP1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is essential for vacuolar morphogenesis and function.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The SLP1 gene, which is involved in the expression of vacuolar functions in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (K. Kitamoto, K. Yoshizawa, Y. Ohsumi, and Y. Anraku, J. Bacteriol. 170:2687-2691, 1988), has been cloned from a yeast genomic library by complementation of the slp1-1 mutation. The isolated plasmid has a 7.8-kilobase BamHI-BamHI fragment that is sufficient to complement several characteristic phenotypes of the slp1-1 mutation. The fragment was integrated at the chromosomal SLP1 locus, indicating that it contains an authentic SLP1 gene. By DNA sequencing of the SLP1 gene, an open reading frame of 2,073 base pairs coding for a polypeptide of 691 amino acid residues (Mr, 79,270) was found. Gene disruption of the chromosomal SLP1 did not cause a lethal event. Vacuolar proteins in the delta slp1 mutant are not processed to vacuolar forms but remain in Golgi-modified forms. Carboxypeptidase Y in the delta slp1 mutant is localized mainly to the outsides of the cells. delta slp1 mutant cells have no prominent vacuolar structures but contain numerous vesicles in the cytoplasm, as seen by electron microscopy. Genetic and molecular biological analyses revealed that SLP1 is identical to VPS33, which is required for vacuolar protein sorting as reported by Robinson et al. (J. S. Robinson, D. J. Klionsky, L. M. Banta, and S. D. Emr, Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:4936-4948, 1988). These results indicate that the SLP1 (VPS33) gene is involved in the sorting of vacuolar proteins from the Golgi apparatus and their targeting to the vacuole and that it is required for the morphogenesis of vacuoles and subsequent expression of vacuolar functions.
Fate of the False Lumen Following Surgical Repair of Aortic Dissections: An Angiographic Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Postoperative angiography was performed in 27 patients who had surgical repair for aortic dissections. The ascending aorta was involved in 22 dissections (Type A), while in five dissections it was uninvolved (Type B). Findings were assessed between two weeks and 13 years postoperatively. Despite the primary surgical objective to abolish flow in the false lumen, the majority of patients, whether symptomatic or not, continued to harbor patent distal false channels. In certain cases, one or more vital aortic branches were perfused solely by the false lumen. Initial postoperative angiography is indicated for determined surgical results as well as the functional significance of late angiographic findings, should symptoms recur. Further extension of the initial dissection, redissection, or enlargement of localized saccular aneurysms may mandate late reoperation. These conditions manifest themselves by pain, aortic regurgitation, neurological sequelae, or compromise of blood flow to a vital organ or extremity.
Evaluation Of Phytochemical, In Vitro Antibacterial And Cytotoxic Properties Of Ethanol Extract Of Acacia Nilotica (L) Leaves

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Acacia nilotica L. commonly has been used in folk medicine to treat different diseases. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the presence of nutrients and demonstrate the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of the correspondence plant leaves extract. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of ethanol extract of leaves of A. nilotica was carried out by using simple chemical tests. Antimicrobial activity of the extract against diarrheal bacteria was performed by disc diffusion method. The cytotoxicity was determined by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinone, steroid, triterpenes, terpenoid, gum, amino acids and proteins but fixed oils and fat was absent. It exhibited potent activity against all bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the extract was 128µg/ml against both Shigella boydii and Vibrio cholerae. The extract showed significant toxicity to the brine shrimp nauplii giving LC50 was 395.581 ppm. The plant leaves extract might be used as a good source of nutrient. It also could be used as antibacterial agent in the future as herbal medicine. Further study on different solvent extracts would be carried out to elucidate the active principles for its outmost activity. Keywords: Phytochemical, Acacia nilotica, antibacterial, cytotoxicity, MIC.
Slope stability analysis by finite elements

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The majority of slope stability analyses performed in practice still use traditional limit equilibrium approaches involving methods of slices that have remained essentially unchanged for decades. This was not the outcome envisaged when Whitman & Bailey (1967) set criteria for the then emerging methods to become readily accessible to all engineers. The finite element method represents a powerful alternative approach for slope stability analysis which is accurate, versatile and requires fewer a priori assumptions, especially, regarding the failure mechanism. Slope failure in the finite element model occurs 'naturally' through the zones in which the shear strength of the soil is insufficient to resist the shear stresses. The paper describes several examples of finite element slope stability analysis with comparison against other solution methods, including the influence of a free surface on slope and dam stability. Graphical output is included to illustrate deformations and mechanisms of failure. It is argued that the finite element method of slope stability analysis is a more powerful alternative to traditional limit equilibrium methods and its widespread use should now be standard in geotechnical practice. En grande majorité, les analyses de stabilité de pente menées dans la pratique continuent à utiliser les méthodes traditionnelles d'équilibre limite et des systèmes de tranches qui n'ont pratiquement pas changé depuis des dizaines d'années. Ce n'était pas le résultat envisagé quand Whitman et Bailey (1967) ont établi des critères pour que ces méthodes alors émergeantes puissent devenir facilement accessibles à tous les ingénieurs. La méthode d'éléments finis qui représente une alternative puissante pour les analyses de stabilité de pente, est exacte, polyvalente et demande moins d'hypothèses ‘a priori’, surtout en ce qui concerne les mécanismes de rupture. La rupture de pente dans le modèle à éléments finis se produit ‘naturellement’ à travers des zones dans lesquelles la résistance au cisaillement du sol est insuffisante pour résister aux contraintes tangentielles. Cet exposé décrit plusieurs exemples d'analyses de stabilité de pente utilisant les éléments finis et établit des comparaisons avec d'autres méthodes, comme l'influence d'une surface libre sur la stabilité d'une pente et d'une digue. Nous joignons une représentation graphique pour illustrer les déformations et mécanismes de rupture. Nous avançons que la méthode d'éléments finis pour analyser la stabilité des pentes constitue une alternative plus puissante aux méthodes traditionnelles d'équilibre limite et que son utilisation devrait maintenant devenir une pratique standard en géotechnique.
Pulsed Cooling System for Photovoltaic Panels

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This study focuses on limiting the heating of a photovoltaic panel subject to the ambient infrared irradiance and the electric load-related Joule effect, as reducing the temperature of the PV panel may increase the PV conversion efficiency and make it available for use in further energy conversion cycles. First, a water-circulated counter-current heat exchanger is provided on the back of the PV panel to reduce the hotspot temperature. Then, a pulsed fluid cooling system is considered. The two methods are analyzed for the heat thus extracted from the system to be further used in a secondary energy conversion system.
Essential Design Principles for a Family Digital Mental Health Intervention: A Delphi Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Systemic family therapy aims to improve mental health and well‐being in the face of challenge by optimizing relational health between family members or people in close relationships. The potential of digital interventions for family mental health is underexplored. This study aimed to understand core principles that facilitate end‐user acceptability and engagement with such a resource. A modified Delphi study was conducted to identify key factors, barriers, and risks influencing family engagement with a digital mental health intervention (DMHI). The 18 participants comprised consumers ( n = 5), family therapists ( n = 8), and digital mental health professionals ( n = 5). Participants completed online questionnaires over two rounds. An agreement was reached on 23 essential factors, within four design principles: informed choice, anonymity and privacy, accessibility, and support and connection. Implications for the design of family DMHIs are considered alongside existing knowledge about individually focused DMHIs.
On the shape of the boundary of a feasibility set for heat-to-work converters

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

It has been shown that the feasibility set for thermodynamic systems using heat energy in the target flux rate–heat flux rate plane has been bounded above. The thermal efficiency coefficient of a system decreases with increasing productivity. The target flux rate also decreases beginning from a certain heat flux rate. It turns out that the efficiency coefficient that corresponds to its maximum does not depend on irreversible factors and is a function of the reversible efficiency coefficient alone in many cases. This feature of systems and the possibility of its application have been considered.
Towards health care process description framework: an XML DTD design.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The development of health care and hospital information systems has to meet users needs as well as requirements such as the tracking of all care activities and the support of quality improvement. The use of process-oriented analysis is of-value to provide analysts with: (i) a systematic description of activities; (ii) the elicitation of the useful data to perform and record care tasks; (iii) the selection of relevant decision-making support. But paper-based tools are not a very suitable way to manage and share the documentation produced during this step. The purpose of this work is to propose a method to implement the results of process analysis according to XML techniques (eXtensible Markup Language). It is based on the IDEF0 activity modeling language (Integration DEfinition for Function modeling). A hierarchical description of a process and its components has been defined through a flat XML file with a grammar of proper metadata tags. Perspectives of this method are discussed.
Peningkatan Literasi Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi Siswa SMP Negeri 7 Tarakan Di Era Society 5.0

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Society 5.0 is characterized by the rapid and disruptive development of technology. This demands that each individual have the ability to use information and communication technology (ICT) wisely and responsibly. However, ICT also has negative impacts, such as addiction and misuse. Therefore, there is a need to improve ICT literacy from an early age. The purpose of this activity is to improve ICT literacy of students of SMP Negeri 7 Tarakan in the era of Society 5.0. This activity uses the methods of presenting materials, watching, practicing, and evaluating through written tests. The results of this activity are to grow the understanding and skills of ICT literacy of students of SMP Negeri 7 Tarakan so that they are ready to face the development of technology in the future.
Anxiety and Depression Detection using Machine Learning

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Anxiety and Depression are among the extremely crucial mental health issues. Every year, millions of individuals suffer from depression and anxiety, yet only a small percentage of them receive timely treatment. Throughout the last few decades, the evolution of machine learning methods has considerably aided in the development of technologies that assist clinicians in predicting various sorts of mental illnesses. As the Covid-19 pandemic rapidly spreads over the world, the global gaming industry is booming. Youth is increasingly focused on digital games due to lockdown and social distancing policies. This work presents a system for predicting if a player suffers from psychological illnesses such as anxiety and depression by combining game and player information with a selfesteem measure. The game and player's data has been gathered from two questionnaires namely, GAD and SWL, and multiple state-of-the-art simulations have been conducted. Four different machine learning classifiers were tested using 10-fold cross-validation approach on data set of internet gamers. Among the four algorithms, Decision Tree classifier showed the best accuracy for all predicted parameters. For GAD and SWL questionnaires, decision tree obtains accuracy of 100% and 84.71% respectively.
The Internet of Things in Extreme Environments Using Low-Power Long-Range Near Field Communication

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Internet of Things (IoT) in extreme environments, such as underground and underwater, is an essential technology to monitor the status and exploit resources therein. Existing solutions using active UHF radios experience high power consumption and high signal propagation losses, which increase the cost of maintenance. In this article, a low-power IoT technology using passive sensors and near field communication (NFC) is introduced. Existing magnetic induction-based NFC and other communication protocols are reviewed, and their advantages and limitations are identified. Then the system framework, key technologies, and research challenges of the low-power long-range NFC-based passive sensing system are discussed. This system can enable ubiquitous sensing and computing in various inhomogeneous extreme environments. Its applications in precision agriculture, road infrastructure monitoring, and water quality monitoring are presented.
Water extract of mangosteen suppresses H2O2-induced endothelial apoptosis by inhibiting oxidative stress

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Suppressive effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) on topsin induced ovarian toxicity and oxidative stress in albino ratsSaber A. Sakr,Hoda A. Mahran, Asmaa M. Abdel-Maksoud
Sustained sensitivity modifications induced by brief length perturbations in the crayfish slowly adapting stretch receptor

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract These experiments in the slowly adapting stretch receptor of crayfish test the effects of brief length perturbations (i.e., pulses) when presented in isolation at different constant elongations or superimposed on trapezoidal stretches of different amplitudes. Within “in vivo” lengths, during static responses, perturbations reduced firing rates to below control values and, in extreme cases, could silence the receptor. This effect, or “down‐step,” was sustained, occurred above a threshold pulse amplitude and background stretch, and increased with both stimulus characteristics, but was not present during dynamic responses. Beyond “in vivo” lengths, and in a few cases within those limits but close to the extremes, the receptor was silent but perturbations could restore activity. Lengthening pulses were more effective than shortening ones in generating after‐effects. Perturbations change, during indefinitively long periods, the receptor's length or static sensitivity acting as a negative feedback which tends to maintain the discharge rate within fixed values. Perturbations disclose marked nonlinerities, which suggest that the classical view of a proportional control in the reflex loop in which the receptor participates may not operate in natural conditions.
7-Fluorosialyl Glycosides Are Hydrolysis Resistant but Readily Assembled by Sialyltransferases Providing Easy Access to More Metabolically Stable Glycoproteins

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The maintenance of therapeutic glycoproteins within the circulatory system is associated, in large part, with the integrity of sialic acids as terminal sugars on the glycans. Glycoprotein desialylation, either by spontaneous cleavage or through host sialidases, leads to protein clearance, mainly through the liver. Thus, the installation of minimally modified sialic acids that are hydrolysis-resistant yet biologically equivalent should lead to increased circulatory half-lives and improved pharmacokinetic profiles. Here we describe the chemoenzymatic synthesis of CMP-sialic acid sugar donors bearing fluorine atoms at the 7-position, starting from the corresponding 4-deoxy-4-fluoro-N-acetylhexosamine precursors. For the derivative with natural stereochemistry we observe efficient glycosyl transfer by sialyltransferases, along with improved stability of the resultant 7-fluorosialosides toward spontaneous hydrolysis (3- to 5-fold) and toward cleavage by GH33 sialidases (40- to 250-fold). Taking advantage of the rapid transfer of 7-fluorosialic acid by sialyltransferases, we engineered the O-glycan of Interferon α-2b and the N-glycans of the therapeutic glycoprotein α1-antitrypsin. Studies of the uptake of the glyco-engineered α1-antitrypsin by HepG2 liver cells demonstrated the bioequivalence of 7-fluorosialic acid to sialic acid in suppressing interaction with liver cell lectins. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies reveal enhanced half-life of the protein decorated with 7-fluorosialic acid relative to unmodified sialic acid in the murine circulatory system. 7-Fluorosialylation therefore offers considerable promise as a means of prolonging circulatory half-lives of glycoproteins and may pave the way toward biobetters for therapeutic use.
The impact of inhibition capacities on number-space associations

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Numerical and spatial representations are tightly linked (for a review see de Hevia et al., 2008). One specific instance of this link is the finding that when doing a binary classification judgment on single Arabic digits, participants are faster to respond with their left/right hand to small/large numbers respectively. This observation has first been described by Dehaene and colleagues in the early 1990’s (Dehaene et al., 1993) and termed the SNARC effect (Spatial Numerical Association of Response Codes). Celebrating its 20th anniversary this year, the SNARC effect has been extensively replicated (for a meta-analysis see Wood et al., 2008) but one of its characteristics remains its high inter-individual variability (Wood et al., 2006a; 2006b). The source of this variability can partly be ascribed to differences in mathematical proficiency (Hoffmann et al., submitted) but a more domain general hypothesis implicating general inhibition capacities warrants further investigation. For the present study a total of 77 participants have been evaluated with a SNARC paradigm as well as standard inhibition tests (Stroop, Incompatibility subtest of the TAP test). Results show that when age-appropriate inhibition tests are used, inhibition capacities are strongly correlated with the SNARC effect, in the way that very efficient inhibition capacities lead to weaker SNARC effects. Consequently this finding could at least partly explain the impact of arithmetical proficiency on the SNARC effect. A study combining both measures would be an appropriate next step.
Cascading Old Yellow Enzyme, Alcohol Dehydrogenase and Glucose Dehydrogenase for Selective Reduction of (E/Z)-Citral to (S)-Citronellol

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Citronellol is a kind of unsaturated alcohol with rose-like smell and its (S)-enantiomer serves as an important intermediate for organic synthesis of (-)-cis-rose oxide. Chemical methods are commonly used for the synthesis of citronellol and its (S)-enantiomer, which suffers from severe reaction conditions and poor selectivity. Here, the first one-pot double reduction of (E/Z)-citral to (S)-citronellol was achieved in a multi-enzymatic cascade system: N-ethylmaleimide reductase from Providencia stuartii (NemR-PS) was selected to catalyze the selective reduction of (E/Z)-citral to (S)-citronellal, alcohol dehydrogenase from Yokenella sp. WZY002 (YsADH) performed the further reduction of (S)-citronellal to (S)-citronellol, meanwhile a variant of glucose dehydrogenase from Bacillus megaterium (BmGDHM6), together with glucose, drove efficient NADPH regeneration. The Escherichia coli strain co-expressing NemR-PS, YsADH, and BmGDHM6 was successfully constructed and used as the whole-cell catalyst. Various factors were investigated for achieving high conversion and reducing the accumulation of the intermediate (S)-citronellal and by-products. 0.4 mM NADP+ was essential for maintaining high catalytic activity, while the feeding of the cells expressing BmGDHM6 effectively eliminated the intermediate and by-products and shortened the reaction time. Under optimized conditions, the bio-transformation of 400 mM citral caused nearly complete conversion (>99.5%) to enantio-pure (S)-citronellol within 36 h, demonstrating promise for industrial application.
Funding Crisis in Higher Education Institutions: Rationale for Change

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

An important priority of public policy is to ensure that higher education institutions contribute to economic growth and social progress as a whole, especially in the context of today’s globalised markets and knowledge economy. It is crucial for any nation to have a good education system and strategic planning to improve learning outcomes, access to facilities, and efficient use of resources. This paper explained the rationale for changein funding higher education with comparison made based on previous literature in developed and developing countries.
An Investigation of Global and Regional Integration of ASEAN Economic Community Stock Market: Dynamic Risk Decomposition Approach

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This article investigates the dynamic pattern of stock market relations between the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) and two major stock markets: China and the United States. A GARCH risk decomposition model is developed to reflect the time-varying market integration. The primary findings of this study are as follows. First, the AEC is more integrated with the regional stock market than with the global stock market. Second, the movement in the AEC stock market is mainly driven by domestic economic situations. Third, external shocks only affect the level of integration of the AEC temporarily. Finally, international investors are able to significantly reduce unsystematic risk by adding an AEC market portfolio into their existing portfolios.