jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Video4_Highly Adhesive Antibacterial Bioactive Composite Hydrogels With Controllable Flexibility and Swelling as Wound Dressing for Full-Thickness Skin Healing.MP4

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

<p>Polyzwitterionic hydrogels as skin wound dressings have been extensively studied owing to their superior antibacterial properties and skin adhesiveness, but their practical applications still suffer from a low adhesion strength and a high swelling ratio, which hinder the application of hydrogel for cutaneous healing. Here, we developed a novel biocompatible poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (PolySBMA) composite hydrogel with high stretchability, low swelling, strong skin adhesiveness, and antibacterial effect for enhancing wound healing. Naturally rigid polymers including quaternized chitosan methacrylate (QCSMA) and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) are used as bioactive cross-linkers to endow PolySBMA/QCSMA/GelMA (SQG) hydrogel with a low swelling ratio and high bioactivity. The optimized hydrogel has excellent mechanical flexibility, with the ultimate tensile strength, tensile strain, modulus, and toughness of up to 344.5 kPa, 364%, 14.7 kPa, and 33.4 kJ m<sup>−3</sup>, respectively. The adhesiveness of the hydrogel to the skin tissue is as high as 38.2 kPa, which is critical for stopping the bleeding from the wound. The synergistic contributions from the PolySBMA and QCSMA endow hydrogel with good antibacterial properties against both Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli. Moreover, the natural polymer cross-linked polyzwitterionic hydrogel shows good cell activity, hemocompatibility, and histocompatibility. The in vivo full-thickness skin defect model demonstrates that the SQG hydrogel efficiently improves the granulation tissue formation and collagen deposition. In summary, such superiorly skin-adhesive antibacterial biocompatible hydrogel with controllable flexibility and swelling holds great promise as wound dressings for acute wounds.</p>
A NOVEL RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF BERBERINE, QUERCETIN, AND PIPERINE IN AN AYURVEDIC FORMULATION

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop and validate a novel, simple, rapid, precise and accurate reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for simultaneous quantitative estimation of berberine, quercetin, and piperine in Ayurvedic formulation.Methods: The chromatographic separation was achieved using a stationary phase C18 shim-pack (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5µ) column and mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile: 0.04 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH 3.0 adjusted using orthophosphoric acid) in a ratio of 65:35 v/v, with a flow rate of 1 ml/min and UV detection at 255 nm.Results: The retention time of berberine, quercetin, and piperine were found to be 2.7, 3.0 and 6.3 min respectively. Linearity for berberine, quercetin, and piperine were found in the range of 12-28 µg/ml. All calibration curve showed good linear correlation coefficients (r2˃ 0.999) within the tested ranges. Mean percent recoveries for berberine, quercetin, and piperine were found to be within the acceptance limits (98-120%). The percent relative standard deviation (% RSD) for precision was found to be less than 2% which indicates method is precise.Conclusion: The developed method is novel, simple, precise, accurate and can be used for quantitative analysis and quality control of the raw material as well as other commercial formulations containing these three markers.
Factors Influencing Lecturers' Organizational Commitment in Higher Education: A Systematic Literature Review

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper analyzes 30 research articles published between 2018 and 2024 through a systematic literature review methodology to explore the multidimensional factors that influence organizational commitment among higher education lecturers. The research focused on individual subjective factors such as gender, age, emotional intelligence, personal values and beliefs, self-efficacy, career satisfaction, mental health status, and external environmental factors, including leadership style, managerial effectiveness, organizational support, and work environment. In addition, the article provides an in-depth examination of socio-cultural factors, such as societal values towards education, family support, and social support, and how these factors combine to contribute to lecturers' organizational commitment. The article reveals the complex interactions between these factors and highlights the joint importance of personal and external factors in shaping lecturers' organizational commitment. The findings of this study not only provide practical strategies for educational administrators to enhance lecturers' organizational commitment and point to the need for future research to consider wider cultural and geographical differences to contribute to the overall improvement of educational quality and teaching effectiveness.
Recursive least-squares algorithm for a characteristic model with coloured noise by means of the data filtering technique

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

This work investigates the identification problems for a characteristic model with autoregressive moving average noise, and the sum of all coefficients of the model is equal to one. A recursive least-squares (RLS) algorithm using the data filtering technique is derived for the model. The basic idea is to use a linear filter to filter the input–output data, to decompose a characteristic model into a system model and a noise model, but the sum of all coefficients remains equalling to one. Moreover, the traditional RLS algorithm is also presented and compared with the proposed algorithm in terms of computational complexity and effectiveness. Finally, three numerical examples show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional RLS algorithm.
Genre and Attitude to Support Character Development in Children Stories

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This paper examines how character development is analyzed through attitude, genre’s stages, and phases in children's stories. Relying on ten children's stories purposively selected from two children's storybooks, the results show that all ten stories are written as narratives with a number of absences of attitude, stages, and phases of the narrative genre. most stories succeed to fulfill the obligatory stages of narrative: orientation, complication, evaluation, and resolution, even others add the optional stage, coda. However, a number of stories fail to satisfy the presence of evaluation. in addition, all stories do not exploit attitude in every phase of every stage of the narrative. Even, a number of stories miss exploiting Attitude in a number of prominent phases such as introducing the character in orientation, development, and peak of the conflict in complication, and plan and act in resolution. Besides, all ten stories do not explore all types of attitude and their sub-classifications, in which each type will contribute to the holistic description of the character. Thus, although all stories can be considered to develop character along the obligatory stages of the narrative genre, they still fail to build a more complex character development through positive-negative-positive evaluation through stages and phases of the stories.Keywords: character development; genre; stages; phases; attitude
Development and In Vitro Evaluation of a Zerumbone Loaded Nanosuspension Drug Delivery System

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Zerumbone extracted from the volatile oil of rhizomes available from the Zinigiber zerumbet has promising pharmacological activity. However, it has poor aqueous solubility and dissolution characteristics. To improve this, a nanosuspension formulation of zerumbone was developed. Nanosuspensions were formulated using high-pressure homogenization (HPH) with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) as stabilizers; the formulation was optimized and freeze dried. The optimized nanosuspension product was evaluated using an optical light microscope, photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), polydispersity index, zeta potential, SEM, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and FT-IR. The physical stability of the nanosuspensions was evaluated for 30 days at 4 °C, 25 °C, and 37 °C. To validate the theoretical benefit of the increased surface area, we determined an in vitro saturation solubility and dissolution profile. The mean particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of the zerumbone nanosuspensions stabilized by SDS versus HPMC were found to be 211 ± 27 nm vs. 398 ± 3.5 nm, 0.39 ± 0.06 vs. 0.55 ± 0.004, and −30.86 ± 2.3 mV vs. −3.37 ± 0.002 mV, respectively. The in vitro saturation solubility and dissolution revealed improved solubility for the zerumbone nanosuspension. These results suggested that the nanosuspensionlization improves the saturation solubility and dissolution profile of zerumbone, which may facilitate its use as a therapeutic agent in the future.
Influence of GBV-C infection on the endogenous activation of the IFN system in HIV-1 co-infected patients.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Enhanced activation of the interferon system occurs in GBV-C-positive, as compared to GBV-C-negative patients harbouring HIV-1. These data may be relevant to understand the GBV-C-driven protection against HIV, suggesting that the endogenous activation of the interferon system can contribute to the control of HIV replication.
Induction of <i>GUS</i> reporter genes fused to the promoters of MYB51<i>, CYP79B2</i>, and <i>CYP81F2</i> in response to Fny-CMV infection at 14 and 21 days post-inoculation (dpi).

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

<p>Three plants per treatment group, per time-point were analyzed and photographs were taken of representative plants. Scale bars represent 1 cm.</p>
Event-based stereo matching using semiglobal matching

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this article, we focus on the problem of depth estimation from a stereo pair of event-based sensors. These sensors asynchronously capture pixel-level brightness changes information (events) instead of standard intensity images at a specified frame rate. So, these sensors provide sparse data at low latency and high temporal resolution over a wide intrascene dynamic range. However, new asynchronous, event-based processing algorithms are required to process the event streams. We propose a fully event-based stereo three-dimensional depth estimation algorithm inspired by semiglobal matching. Our algorithm considers the smoothness constraints between the nearby events to remove the ambiguous and wrong matches when only using the properties of a single event or local features. Experimental validation and comparison with several state-of-the-art, event-based stereo matching methods are provided on five different scenes of event-based stereo data sets. The results show that our method can operate well in an event-driven way and has higher estimation accuracy.
Molecular tumour clocks and colorectal cancer: seeing the unseen.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Recent advances in mathematics and sequencing have revolutionised the analysis of evolution. Modern phylogeny is molecular phylogeny, or histories reconstructed from sequences. The same quantitative sequence approaches have not been fully translated to colorectal cancer. Molecular tumour clocks provide opportunities to reconstruct individual tumour histories. Phenotypic and genetic progression are usually thought to be synonymous, but many mutations may accumulate in normal appearing cells. Although such occult genetic progression is essentially invisible, molecular tumour clocks offer the somewhat magical ability to reconstruct what may never be seen. Potentially much of colorectal cancer progression is unseen and unexplored because tumours usually appear late in life.
Read All About it!! What happens following a technology shock?

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Existing indicators of technical change are plagued by shortcomings. I present here new measures based on books published in the field of technology that resolve many of these problems and use them to identify the impact of technology shocks on economic activity. They are positively linked to changes in R&D and scientific knowledge and capture the new technologies' commercialization dates. Changes in information technology are found to be important sources of economic fluctuations in the post-WWII period and total factor productivity, investment and, to a lesser extent, labor are all shown to increase following a positive technology shock.
ATRX loss suppresses the type I interferon response in sarcoma cells through chromatin remodeling.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Sarcomas constitute a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal cancers and are particularly common in children and adolescents, leading to significant lethality. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms by which genetic alterations promote sarcoma progression. Here, we demonstrate that loss-of-function of ATRX, a member of the SWI/SNF DNA-remodeling family, represses the interferon (IFN)-β response by inducing chromatin remodeling in sarcoma cells. We show that ATRX mutations are associated with worse prognosis and attenuate IFN-α/β response in patients with specific types of sarcomas. Using poly(I:C) as a stimulation model, we show that natural ATRX mutation or ATRX depletion via CRISPR/Cas9 or siRNA significantly suppresses the expression of IFNB1 and other cytokines in sarcoma cells. Moreover, RNA-seq data reveal that ATRX ablation globally influences the expression pattern of poly(I:C)-stimulated genes (PSGs). Through ATAC-seq, we show that ATRX loss enhance chromatin accessibility generally, which consistent with the heterochromatin modulating function of ATRX. However, a set of PSGs display a decrease of chromatin accessibility after ATRX depletion, indicating that ATRX promote the transcription of these genes through chromatin remodeling. Thus, we highlight that ATRX mutation plays critical roles in blocking Type I IFN signaling in sarcoma cells and point out the clinical importance of this effect on sarcoma treatment.
Unraveling the roles of genotype and environment in the expression of plant defense phenotypes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

1. Phenotypic variability results from interactions between genotype and environment and is a major driver of ecological and evolutionary interactions. Measuring the relative contributions of genetic variation, the environment, and their interaction to phenotypic variation remains a fundamental goal of evolutionary ecology. 2. In this study, we assess the question: How do genetic variation and local environmental conditions interact to influence phenotype within a single population? We explored this question using seed from a single population of common milkweed, Asclepias syriaca, in northern Michigan. We first measured resistance and resistance traits of 14 maternal lines in two common garden experiments (field and greenhouse) to detect genetic variation within the population. We carried out a reciprocal transplant experiment with three of these maternal lines to assess effects of local environment on phenotype. Finally, we compared the phenotypic traits measured in our experiments with the phenotypic traits of the naturally-growing maternal genets to be able to compare relative effect of genetic and environmental variation on naturally-occurring phenotypic variation. We measured defoliation levels, arthropod abundances, foliar cardenolide concentrations, foliar latex exudation, foliar carbon and nitrogen concentrations, and plant growth. 3. We found a striking lack of correlation in trait expression of the maternal lines between the common gardens, or between the common gardens and the naturally-growing maternal genets, suggesting that environment plays a larger role in phenotypic trait variation of this population. We found evidence of significant genotype-by-environment interactions for all traits except foliar concentrations of nitrogen and cardenolide. Milkweed resistance to chewing herbivores was associated more strongly with the growing environment. We observed no variation in foliar cardenolide concentrations among maternal lines but did observe variation among maternal lines in foliar latex exudation. 4. Overall, our data reveal powerful genotype-by-environment interactions on the expression of most resistance traits in milkweed.
The Smolensk Catastrophe in the Light of Physics Lows

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A Tu-154M aircraft, or Tu-154, crashed on 10th April 2010 in Smolensk, USRR. The weather of that day was highly foggy, so the crew of plane had been thrown back totally on the ground navigation facilities. These - in turn - were in fatal conditions, e.g. the radar inaccuracy reached ± 10°. The paper presents 3 consecutive models of the critical events: the navigation model resulting in collision with a tree, the upside down and revolution model of the plane and the model of parts dispersion. The final conclusion is: the crash was caused by the extremely foggy weather and the fatal guidance of the plane by the ground facility. The Head Command have committed 3 faults: (1) illegal permission for the test landing, (2) no proper reaction after 1-st catastrophic trial and (3) no reaction after the similar 2-nd trial.
Balance and randomness in sequential clinical trials: the dominant biased coin design

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Efron's biased coin design (BCD) is a well‐known randomization technique that helps neutralize selection bias, while keeping the experiment fairly balanced for every sample size. Several extensions of this rule have been proposed, and their properties were analyzed from an asymptotic viewpoint and compared via simulations in a finite setup. The aim of this paper is to push forward these comparisons by taking also into account the adjustable BCD, which is never considered up to now. Firstly, we show that the adjustable BCD performs better than Efron's coin with respect to both loss of precision and randomness. Moreover, the adjustable BCD is always more balanced than the other coins and, only for some sample sizes, slightly more predictable. Therefore, we suggest the dominant BCD, namely a new and flexible class of procedures that can change the allocation rule step by step in order to ensure very good performance in terms of both balance and selection bias for any sample size. Our simulations demonstrate that the dominant BCD is more balanced and, at the same time, less or equally predictable than Atkinson's optimum BCD. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of Biomass Distribution and Chemical Interactions in Nitrifying Biofilms

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Steady-state models of nitrifying biofilms are developed taking into account the mass transfer of neutral and ionic species, electroneutrality, pH-dependent Monod kinetics, chemical equilibrium, and the presence of a boundary layer. Coupling the base biofilm model with reactor mass balances show significant changes in reactor performance as a function of influent pH and buffer capacity. Within the biofilm model framework, the steady-state biomass distribution in a nitrifying biofilm is sensitive to μ 1 , the maximum velocity coefficient of the first step of nitrification. When coupled to a reactor model, the steady-state biomass distribution remains identical over a large range of μ 1 .
Study on the safety and efficacy of CSP and HSP-EMR for small sessile colorectal polyps in the elderly population: Randomized controlled trial

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of cold snare polypectomy (CSP) and hot snare polypectomy endoscopic mucosal resection (HSP-EMR) for small sessile colorectal polyps in the elderly population. Methods: Patients with small sessile colorectal polyps were randomized to either CSP or HSP-EMR, including 80 patients in the observation group (CSP) and 125 patients in the control group (HSP-EMR). General data, titanium clip utilization rates, complete resection rates, immediate bleeding rates, specimen recovery rates, incidence of delayed bleeding, perforation rates, and incidence of abdominal discomfort were compared between the 2 groups. Results: There were no significant differences in the distribution of general data (age, gender, location, morphology, and pathological type) or underlying diseases (hypertension and diabetes) between the 2 groups ( P > .05). There were no significant differences in the complete resection rate, specimen recovery rate, or delayed bleeding rate between the 2 groups ( P > .05). The utilization rate of titanium clips and the incidence of abdominal discomfort in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The immediate bleeding rate was higher in the observation group than that in the control group. The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant ( P < .05). No perforation occurred in either of the groups. Group discussion was conducted according to whether postoperative complications occurred. Univariate and binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative complications. The average polyp diameter, body mass index and surgical method were independent risk factors for postoperative complications ( P < .05). Conclusion: CSP and HSP-EMR are safe and efficacy in the treatment of small sessile colorectal polyps in elderly people. For overweight and obese people with large polyps, HSP-EMR patients should be closely observed for postoperative complications.
Hypoxia and mountain medicine : proceedings of the 7th International Hypoxia Symposium held at Lake Louise, Canada, February 1991

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Section headings and selected papers: Psychomotor Effects of Hypoxia. Task learning under mild hypoxia, E W Farmer et al . Cerebral hypoxia in fast jet aircrew: G-induced loss of consciousness, A R Prior. Presyncope induced by lower body negative pressure and psychomotor performance, D H Glaister. Hormonal Control of Electrolyte and Fluid Balance in Hypoxia. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system during hypoxia: is the adrenal an oxygen sensor? H Raff et al . Hormonal control of fluid and electrolyte balance at high altitude in normal subjects, J R Claybaugh et al . Fluid, electrolyte and hormonal metabolism in COPD, M O Farber. Clinical Aspects of Hypoxia: From Cell to ICU. Mechanisms of liver preservation injury, S W Chung et al. Oxygen Dependence of Muscle Metabolism and Work: Insect-Mammal Comparison. ATPases and energy metabolism as proactive and reactive components in control of ATP turnover rates, P W Hochachka & G O Matheson. Exercise in the Hypoxic Environment. Work and training at altitude, B D Levine et al . Increased glucose dependency in circulatory compensated hypoxia, G A Brooks. Mechanisms of High Altitude Illness. The role of cerebral blood flow in acute mountain sickness, R W Baumgartner et al . Hyperbaria and high altitude illness, R Roach & P H Hackett. Historical Lecture. The life and work of Nathan Zuntz, H-C Gunga & K Kirsch. Appendix.
Sur les rapports entre la Compagnie de Thévenot et l'Académie royale des Sciences

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

SUMMARY. — In this new article, the author uses archival material to establish a comparison between Melchisédech Thévenot 's Compagnie and the Académie des Sciences at the time of its foundation. The comparison is made with reference to the structure and organization of the two groups, and to the methods, aims, and content of their researches.