jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Encouraging lifelong learning : the Malaysian context

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The unveiling of the Blueprint on Enculturation of Lifelong Learning for Malaysia (2011-2020) in November 2011 \ndemonstrated Malaysia’s commitment to inculcate lifelong learning as an important component in the nation’s education \nagenda. Three years on, the implementation of the Blueprint is still an ongoing process that would benefit from greater \nparticipation from all Malaysians. At this juncture, encouraging lifelong learning – through a comprehensive set of \nstrategies – will be crucial in order to ensure the success and long-term impact of the Blueprint. This will require \nparticipation and contribution from all education stakeholders, especially the Government, higher education institutions \nand various training providers. For Malaysia to achieve a developed nation status by 2020, the role of education is an \nundeniable imperative, especially so at the tertiary and post-tertiary levels where continued learning is becoming an \nincreasingly important element to ensure a knowledgeable and skilful workforce and consequently, a more robust and \ncompetitive economy. Thus, encouraging lifelong learning must be acknowledged as an important step in achieving \nMalaysia’s national aspirations. This paper will describe several crucial strategies that can contribute to this national \ninitiative. These strategies will take into account the roles, responsibilities, capacities and potential of different education \nstakeholders. All-inclusive participation from all Malaysians can certainly bring many positive outcomes for lifelong \nlearning and ultimately, for the nation’s continued growth and development. (Abstract by author)
A scoping review of digital health innovation ecosystems in developed and developing countries

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Digital health innovation ecosystems describe the need to incorporate the components of digital health, innovation and digital ecosystems in administering healthcare services. Reviewing the evidence of digital health, innovation and digital ecosystems in both developed and developing countries is therefore crucial in determining the feasibility of implementing a digital health innovation ecosystem. The purpose of this paper was to present the results of a scoping review aimed at identifying the scope and range of digital health, innovation and digital ecosystems literature in developed and developing countries and propose guidelines for implementing digital health innovation ecosystems. The findings of the scoping review reveal that studies on digital health, innovation and digital ecosystems have been conducted in developed and developing countries, providing useful insights on the feasibility of implementing a digital health innovation ecosystem in both developed and developing countries. Guidelines for implementing a digital health innovation ecosystem were also proposed. The findings of the scoping review as well as the guidelines proposed in this study will inform healthcare policy makers in developed and developing countries.
The same systemic autoimmune disease provokes arthritis and endocarditis via distinct mechanisms

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The immune mechanisms that provoke concomitant inflammation of synovial joints and cardiac valves in disorders such as rheumatic fever and systemic lupus erythematosus remain poorly defined. Here, we report the discovery of spontaneous endocarditis—in addition to their well-studied autoimmune arthritis—in K/BxN T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic mice. The same adaptive immune system elements were required for initiation of arthritis and endocarditis, and both diseases were dependent on autoantibodies. In contrast, the participation of key innate immune system molecules and perhaps T cells as effectors of inflammation differed between the 2 target tissues. Arthritis in K/BxN TCR transgenic mice depended primarily on complement C5 and not FcRγ-using receptors; conversely, endocarditis depended essentially on FcRγ receptors and not C5. Elucidating how a single systemic autoimmune disease engages distinct immune effector pathways to damage different target tissues is essential for optimizing the treatment of such disorders.
Kierkegaard: exposition and critique

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Introduction: Why Read Kierkegaard? 1. Kierkegaard's Intellectual Context 2. Fear and Trembling 3. Philosophical Fragments 4. The Concept Angst 5. Love's Deeds 6. Concluding Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical Fragments 7. The Sickness unto Death 8. Practice in Christianity 9. The Point of View for Kierkegaard's Work as an Author
The Spillover Effect among CET Market, Coal Market, and New Energy Market for Dual-Carbon Target: New Evidence from China

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The spillover effect of the energy markets and the CET plays an important role in guiding the realization of two-carbon target; using the network spillover methodology of Diebold, Yilmaz, Jozef Barunı´k, and Toma´sKrehlı´k, we examine both the static and dynamic connectedness of CO2 emissions trading (CET) market, steam coal market, new energy, and traditional energy market in China from early Dec 2013 to the end of July 2021. At last, we verified the stability of the model and obtained the following findings: (1) the total spillover effect index is 13.91% between those markets, and it is mainly focused on short term. Moreover, the dynamic spillover effect is time-varying, and it is greatly influenced by the domestic and international environment; (2) the connectedness of the CET market with other energy markets is neutral, the development of new energy market is strong, it is the main transmitter to other markets, especially to the traditional energy market except for the steam coal market, and the coal market is an effect transmitter. These results provide a theoretical reference for investors and policy makers who are concerned with the return connectedness among the CET market, new energy market, and steam coal market in China.
BIOLOGICAL SOIL CRUSTS FROM ARCTIC ENVIRONMENTS: CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PROKARYOTIC COMMUNITY AND EXOPOLYSACCHARIDIC MATRIX ANALYSIS

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are highly specialized topsoil microbial communities widespread in many ecosystems, from deserts to polar regions. BSCs play an active role in promoting soil fertility and plant growth. In \nArctic environments BSCs are involved in promoting primary succession after deglaciation, increasing moisture \navailability and nutrient immission at the topsoil. The organisms residing on BSCs produce extracellular polymeric \nsubstances (EPS) in response to the environmental characteristics, thus contributing to the increase of constraint \ntolerance. \nThe aim of this study was to investigate the taxonomic diversity of microbial communities, together with the \nanalysis of the chemical features of EPS, from BSC samples collected in several sites near Ny- ́Ålesund, Norway. \nThe phylogenetic composition of the prokaryotic community was assessed through a metagenomic approach. \nExopolysaccharidic fractions were quantified using ion-exchange chromatography to determine the monosaccharidic composition. Size exclusion chromatography was used to determine the distribution of the EPS fractions. \nAbundance of phototrophic microorganisms, which are known to contribute to EPS excretion, was also evaluated. \nResults underlined the complexity of the microbial communities, showing a high level of diversity within the BSC \nsampled analyzed. The analysis of the polysaccharide composition displayed a high number of constituent sugars; \nthe matrix was found to be constituted by two main fractions, a higher molecular weight (2 10 exp(6) Da) and a \nlower molecular weight fraction (&lt; 100 10 exp(3) Da). \nThis study presents novel data concerning EPS of BSCs matrix in relationship with the microbial communities in \ncold environments.
Shorter distal forelimbs benefit bipedal walking and running mechanics: implications for hominin forelimb evolution

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This file provides the data from the manuscript "Shorter distal forelimbs benefit bipedal walking and running mechanics: implications for hominin forelimb evolution" sin the American Journal of Physical Anthropology. Objectives: Brachial index is a skeletal ratio that describes the relative length of the distal forelimb. Over the course of hominin evolution, a shift towards smaller brachial indices occurred. First, Pleistocene australopiths yield values between extant chimpanzees and humans, with further evolution in Pliocene Homo to the modern human range. We hypothesized that shorter distal forelimbs benefit walking and running performance, notably elbow and shoulder joint torques, and predicted that the benefit would be greater in running compared to walking. Materials and Methods: We tested our hypothesis in a modern human sample walking and running while carrying hand weights, which increase the inertia (mass and effective length) of the distal forelimb, simulating a larger brachial index. Results: We found longer distal forelimbs and the added mass increased elbow muscle torque by 98% while walking and 70% in running, confirming our hypothesis that shorter distal forelimbs benefit walking and running performance. Shoulder muscle torque similarly increased in both gaits with the addition of hand weights due to elongation of the effective forelimb length. Normalized elbow torque, which accounted for the effect on shoulder torque caused by the experimental manipulation, increased by 16% while walking but 52% while running, indicating that shorter distal forelimbs provide a greater benefit for running by approximately three-fold. Discussion: Selection for economical bipedal walking in Australopithecus and endurance running in Homo likely contributed to the shift towards relatively smaller distal forelimbs across hominin evolution, with modern human proportions attained in Pleistocene Homo erectus and retained in later species.
Therapeutic Versus Non‐Therapeutic Dose Anticoagulation in COVID‐19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Background Abnormal coagulation and thrombotic complications prompted many guidelines to recommend thromboprophylaxis for patients hospitalised with COVID‐19, but the dose required for prophylaxis remains unclear. This systematic review (SR) analyses the safety and efficacy of therapeutic dose anticoagulation (TDA) versus non‐therapeutic dose anticoagulation (NDA) in COVID‐19 patients. Methods According to the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Review of Interventions , we performed an SR. The protocol is registered in Prospero (CRD42021269197, date 12 August 2021). Results In this SR of 18 studies, TDA was shown to reduce all‐cause mortality (risk ratio [RR] 0.83; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.70, 0.99) in COVID‐19 infection. TDA also reduced thrombosis (RR 0.55; 95% CI 0.48, 0.72) but increased major bleeding (RR 1.87; 95% CI 1.29, 2.69). A stratified analysis according to severity revealed that, in non‐critical patients, TDA resulted in mortality benefit (RR 0.79; 95% CI 0.67, 0.94). In critical patients, TDA did not affect all‐cause mortality (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.89, 1.18) but reduced thrombosis (RR 0.65; 95% CI 0.48, 0.86) and increased major bleeding (RR 1.85; 95% CI 1.06, 3.23). Conclusion TDA significantly reduced all‐cause mortality and thrombosis in non‐critical COVID‐19 patients at the expense of increased major bleeding. In critical COVID‐19, this mortality benefit was not observed.
Controlling Factors of Pearlite Transformation Rate of 0.4 mass% C Steels

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Synopsis : Kinetics of austenite to pearlite phase transformation in 0.4mass%-C-X (X=Cr, Ni) steels were investigated.The isothermal transformation curves were analyzed with of the Avrami Equation: X(t)= 1 -exp(-Gtn) where X(t) is the fraction transformed and n and G are constants.The exponents n were found to be about 2 except for Cr steels.The value of n for steels containing 0.5 and 1.0 mass% Cr were about 3.This results indicated that the pearlite transformation in 0.4 mass% C steels in present study is controlled by the site saturation mechanism.The parameters G, transformation rate constant of pearlite, were independent of the supercooling from A1 temperature and the driving force of pearlite transformation.These values were dependent on the energy differences of ferrite phase from supercooled austenite phase.This energy difference was equivalent to the driving force of eutectoid ferrite.The predicted transformation rate of pearlite is independent of transformation temperature and containing alloy.The pearlite transformation rate of 0.4 mass% C steels was found to be controlled by eutectoid ferrite growth.
Producing Antipetismo: Media activism and the rise of the radical, nationalist right in contemporary Brazil

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

When examining the decline of the leftist Partido dos Trabalhadores and the ascension of the right-wing extremist Jair Bolsanaro of the far-right Partido Liberal Social to the 2018 presidency, political scientists David Samuels and Cesar Zucco have argued that this shift is best understood not through positive characteristics of Bolsonaro’s candidacy but through antipetismo [‘anti-PT-ism’], an intensely personal resentment of the Partido dos Trabalhadores. We assert that popular right-wing Facebook groups and networks formed around the communication network WhatsApp-fueled antipetismo by channeling anger originating in the 2013 nationwide protests away from a variety of social, political, and issues and toward a villainous depiction of Partido dos Trabalhadores leaders and valorization of anti-Partido dos Trabalhadores activists like Bolsanaro, as well as some focus on his own conservative, nationalist agenda. To interrogate this assertion, we propose two specific lines of research. The first is a qualitative textual analysis of the social media accounts of two of the most active anti-Partido dos Trabalhadores groups: Vem Pra Rua and O Movimento Brasil Livre. Through close reading of the materials distributed on these sites, we will illustrate how they channeled general unrest into a specifically partisan attack. The next line of research and case will be an examination of the role of mainstream news networks (namely TV Record) and WhatsApp by those campaigning for recently elected president Bolsonaro for a continued negative campaign against left candidates, specifically the Partido dos Trabalhadores, using fake news items like the supposed ‘gay kit’ that was being circulated in schools by the Partido dos Trabalhadores and others on the left to persuade children to become gay. When possible, we will analyze examples of the materials that were circulated that have emerged in the press coverage and will examine the processes that were used to target and persuade people to forward the materials created for the campaign.
AS3MT is related to relative RNAs and base modifications of p53 in workers exposed to arsenic

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract

AS3MT, the key enzyme involved in the methylation of arsenic, is closely associated with DNA methylation. However, the relationship between them is not known. In this study, we recruited workers from four arsenic plants and individuals who resided in villages far away from the four plants. Arsenic compounds, relative indices, 28 relative RNAs, and base modifications of exons 5–8 of p53 were detected separately. Several methods were used to analyze the associations between them. We found that the AS3MT RNA was closely associated with lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs related to miRNA production and maturation, tumorigenesis, and base modifications of p53, they probably have causal relationships. Arsenic compounds and the relative indices of metabolic transformation might have limited roles. Base modifications of exons 7 and 8 of p53 had significant synergistic effects on the expression of the AS3MT RNA and a series of genetic indices. But miR-190, miR-548, and the base modifications of exon 5 of p53 had substantial inhibitory effects. This study showed that the AS3MT RNA could strongly affect genotoxicity and carcinogenesis, which is initiated by arsenic or AS3MT but greatly influenced by other factors. There was a close interaction among the AS3MT RNA, relative mRNAs, lncRNAs, the miRNA networks, and the base modifications of different fragments of p53.
Formation of H and D atoms in pyrolysis of 1,3‐butadiene and 1,3 butadiene‐1,1,4,4,‐d4 behind shock waves

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Highly dilute mixtures of 1,3‐butadiene and 1,3‐butadiene‐1,1,4,4‐ d 4 were pyrolyzed behind reflected and incident shock waves, respectively. Concentrations of H and D atoms were measured by resonance absorption spectroscopy. In the early stages of the reaction, nearly equal amounts of H and D were formed from CD 2 CHCHCD 2 , indicating that loss of H from C 2 followed by loss of D from C 1 is a more important reaction than breaking of the central CC bond. Overall, rate constants for atom‐forming reactions are much slower than rate constants for disappearance of butadiene in earlier experiments, suggesting that most of the butadiene disappears by processes that do not involve H or D atoms or by radicals that produce them rapidly.
Caring for Older Persons in a Technologically Advanced Nursing Future

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

As people live longer, a larger percentage will live with multiple chronic conditions and functional impairments such as difficulties with activities of daily living, mobility, and the management of one's household. The purpose of this paper is to examine the care of older persons in a technologically advanced nursing future by discussing roles and responsibilities of nurses who practice gerontological nursing, and explaining how a technologically advanced future would change the delivery of home health care for older persons in the community. The theory of Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing grounds 3 processes of nursing as knowing persons as caring, wholeness is oneness, and caring as a multi-dimensional process. Harnessing technology for the health of older persons would enable them to live independently, socially engaged, and safely. A technologically advanced nursing future leads to concomitant sustainable disruptive and frugal innovations in healthcare. Nurses in practice must take advantage of these disruptions and consider frugal innovations as the futures of nursing education, practice, and research are here.
Perancangan User Interface Aplikasi Mobile Pasar Kampus

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Pada penelitian Emarketer, Indonesia diprediksi akan melampaui 100 juta pengguna smartphone aktif pada tahun 2018. Penetrasi smartphone yang kuat di Indonesia menjadi petanda baik untuk pertumbuhan e-commerce, yang sebagian besar diakses melalui gatged. Jumlah mahasiswa Telkom University mengalami peningkatan pada setiap tahunnya. Pertumbuhan pebisnis meningkat seiring peningkatan jumlah mahasiswa. Bisnis ini diantaranya adalah makanan, printing, laundry, dan lain-lain. Mahasiswa tidak memiliki media untuk akses informasi belanja yang mudah dan memiliki fasilitas jasa pesan-antar. Berdasarkan hasil observasi, wawancara, analisis matriks, kuesioner, 7P, dan SWOT maka diperoleh sebuah kesimpulan bahwa perlu dibuat sebuah aplikasi mobile yang mampu menampilkan sebuah informasi belanja yang mudah dan memiliki fasilitas pesan-antar. Konten pada aplikasi ini adalah daftar pebisnis makanan, laundry, sewa kendaraan, printing, logo, alamat, nomer telpon, daftar produk, dan harga. Desain user interface akan disesuaikan dengan target penggunanya yaitu konsumen dan pebisnis, maka desainnya akan dibuat dengan konsep friendly, akan diterapkan dalam penggunaan ikon, layout, font, dan color. Melalui aplikasi mobile, konsumen dapat menemukan berbagai kebutuhan diantaranya makanan, laundry, sewa kendaraan, dan printing. Selain dapat menemukan informasi belanja, konsumen juga dapat melakukan pembelian secara langsung dan produk akan diantar langsung kepada mereka. Kata kunci : smartphone, mahasiswa, pebisnis, interface, mobile
Gravitons on Nariai Edges

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We show that, for any $d\geq 3$, the one-loop graviton path integral on $S^2\times S^{d-1}$ factorizes into bulk and edge parts. The bulk equals the thermal partition function of an ideal graviton gas in the Lorentzian Nariai geometry. The edge factor is the inverse of the path integral over two identical copies, each containing one shift-symmetric vector and three shift-symmetric scalars on $S^{d-1}$. Unlike the round $S^{d+1}$ case, all scalars are massless, indicating that graviton edge partition functions probe beyond the horizon's intrinsic geometry - in contrast to $p$-form gauge theories. In the course of this work, we obtain a compact formula for the one-loop Euclidean graviton path integral on any $Λ>0$ Einstein manifold.
Economic evaluation of treatments for patients with localized prostate cancer

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

L'objectiu global d'aquesta tesi va ser avaluar l'eficiència, des de la perspectiva dels sistemes de salut, dels tractaments més establerts per als pacients diagnosticats amb càncer de pròstata localitzat. El "Estudi multicèntric Espanyol de càncer de pròstata localitzat" és un estudi observacional, prospectiu amb pacients reclutats consecutivament en 10 centres a Espanya entre 2003 i 2005, tractats amb prostatectomia radical retropúbica, braquiteràpia prostàtica o radioteràpia conformacional externa 3D, i seguits intensivament durant els primers dotze mesos i anualment a partir de llavors, fins a 10 anys post-tractament. El que destaca entre els resultats és que, tot i lleugeres diferències entre els costos dels tractaments, qualssevol de les alternatives podria considerar-se econòmicament atractiva per als pacients amb càncer de pròstata localitzat de risc baix i intermedi.
A specific hyperbolic system of conservation laws admitting delta-shock wave type solutions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We construct δ-shock type solutions of the Cauchy problem for the system of conservation laws ut + ( f(u) − v) x = 0, vt + ( g(u)) = 0, x where f(u) and g(u) are polynomials of degree n and n + 1, respectively, n is even. A well known particular case of this system was studied in [17], [16] by B. L. Keyfitz and H. C. Kranzer. In this paper a techniques of the weak asymptotics method and the definition of a δ-shock type solution introduced by V. G. Danilov and V. M. Shelkovich [6] – [8], are used. Geometric and physics sense of the Rankine–Hugoniot conditions for δ-shocks is given for the above system, for the system ut + ( f(u))
Hedging Labor Income Risk

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We show that the decision to participate in the stock market depends on the ability of equities to hedge the individual permanent earnings shocks, consistent with implications of life-cycle models. Those households who refrain from stock investing display positive correlation between their own permanent income innovations and market returns. These results owe to a two-step empirical strategy. First, a minimum distance estimation disentangles the aggregate from the idiosyncratic permanent component of labor income risks. The second step reconstructs the individual life-cycle dynamics of persistent shocks through a Kalman filter applied to the estimated labor income process. We are thus able to obtain the full cross-sectional distribution of individual correlations between permanent shocks and market returns.