jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Determinants of farmers' adaptation strategies to climate change impacts in northwestern Ethiopia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Climate change and related extreme events have become global challenges in ensuring sustainable development. This affects water availability and agricultural production, particularly in developing countries. This study explored the factors affecting farmers' adaptation mechanisms to climate change in different agro-ecological zones of the Bure Zuria district of northwestern Ethiopia. A household survey, focus group discussion, key informant interviews, and observations were used to acquire primary data on farmers' socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, adaptation strategies and potential barriers. About 190 randomly selected households from different agro-ecologies were included in this study. Moreover, reports and published sources were used to acquire secondary data. Data were analyzed using a multinomial logit regression model and descriptive statistics. The results indicated that soil and water conservation practices (26.7%) were the main adaptation responses in highland agro-ecology. In contrast, supplementary feeding for livestock (56%) was the main adaptation response to the adverse effects of climate extremes in lowland agro-ecology. Farmers identified land scarcity (25.84%) and shortage of water for irrigation (28.57%) as major barriers to adaptation in the highland and lowland agro-ecologies, respectively. In addition, agro-ecology, education level, age, active labor, number of livestock (TLU), off-farm income, frequency of extension contacts, credit access, and market access were decisive factors affecting farmers' adaptation mechanisms to withstand extreme climatic events. In conclusion, soil and water conservation practices are more practiced in highland areas than in lowland areas. Because the steepness of farmlands and erodible soils increase farmers' vulnerability to flood hazards in highland areas than in lowland areas. It is suggested that investigations on the climate change-induced gender-differentiated impacts shall be conducted to design all-inclusive and effective responses.
An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Certificate of Need Law on Utilization of Inpatient Services

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

We investigate the impact of Certificate of Need (CON) Law and its stringency on Inpatient service utilization measured by hospital occupancy. We show that on average the CON legislation reduces utilization in Inpatient units. Besides, we do not find sufficient statistical evidence to reject the exogenous assumption of CON and its features. Furthermore, we confirm the qualitative nature of these key findings by an analysis featuring Inpatient length of stay (LOS). Other findings include the following: Inpatient utilization is positively related to proportion of females in a state and the proportion of Asian-Americans; a statistically significant positive relationship exists between GDP and utilization and a negative one is noted between utilization and proportion of population on Medicare; a statistically significant positive relationship is noted between population availing ED services in a state and Inpatient utilization; as the number of democratic senators in a state increases, it has a negative impact on utilization of Inpatient services.
Beyond gene expression level: How are Bayesian methods doing a great job in quantification of isoform diversity and allelic imbalance?

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Thanks to recent advance of next generation sequencing techniques, RNA-seq enabled to have an unprecedented opportunity to identify transcript variants with isoform diversity and allelic imbalance (Anders et al., 2012) by different transcriptional rates. To date, it is well known that those features might be associated with the aberrant patterns of disease complexity such as tissue (Anders and Huber, 2010; Anders et al., 2012; Nariai et al., 2014) specific differential expression at isoform levels or tissue specific allelic imbalance in mal-functionality of disease processes, etc. Nevertheless, the knowledge of post-transcriptional modification and AI in transcriptomic and genomic areas has been little known in the traditional platforms due to the limitation of technology and insufficient resolution. We here stress the potential of isoform variability and allelic specific expression that are relevant to the abnormality of disease mechanisms in transcriptional genetic regulatory networks. In addition, we systematically review how robust Bayesian approaches in RNA-seq have been developed and utilized in this regard in the field.
Managing Age Diversity at the Workplace

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Workplace diversity has been one of the most critical issues over the past few years. It is a difficult subject for managers to tackle in the space of work. Organizations are facing an inherent age gap among their employees, which raises new issues for professionals. With the rapid changes and developments in technology, the elderly employees are generally perceived as those “missing agility and repelling new technology.” There are other grounds on which the age of employees has been discussed as a determinant of varying levels of behavioral and work-related outcomes. It is essential for businesses to figure out the means to manage and balance the age diversity at the workplace. However, the biggest obstacles that professionals may face when trying to implement this include modifications in areas such as job characteristics, working time, and management styles. This study discusses the global perspectives on age diversity at the workplace and provides actionable recommendations for organizations to develop an inclusive environment for higher levels of efficiency and effectiveness.
Remembering Dionysus

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Dionysus, god of dismemberment and sponsor of the lost or abandoned feminine, originates both Jungian psychology and literature in Remembering Dionysus. Characterized by spontaneity, fluid boundaries, sexuality, embodiment, wild nature, ecstasy and chaos, Dionysus is invoked in the writing of C. G. Jung and James Hillman as the dual necessity to adopt and dismiss literature for their archetypal vision of the psyche or soul. Susan Rowland describes an emerging paradigm for the twenty-first century enacting the myth of a god torn apart to be re-membered, and remembered as reborn in a great renewal of life. Rowland demonstrates how persons, forms of knowing and even eras that dismiss Dionysus are torn apart, and explores how Jung was Dionysian in providing his most dismembered text, The Red Book. Remembering Dionysus pursues the rough god into the Sublime in the destruction of meaning in Jung and Jacques Lacan, to a re-membering of sublime feminine creativity that offers zoe, or rebirth participating in an archetype of instinctual life. This god demands to be honoured inside our knowing and being, just as he (re)joins us to wild nature. This revealing book will be invigorating reading for Jungian analysts, psychotherapists, arts therapists and counsellors, as well as academics and students of analytical psychology, depth psychology, Jungian and post-Jungian studies, literary studies and ecological humanities.
Age Structure of Females in a Breeding Population of Echinotriton chinhaiensis (Caudata: Salamandridae) and Its Conservation Implication

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Knowledge of life history is important for understanding possible connections to population declines. Here, we investigated the female age structure and fecundity of Echinotriton chinhaiensis, one of the most endangered salamanders in the world, using skeletochronology based on specimens collected in 2008 and 2009 from a population in Ruiyansi, northeast of Ningbo, Zhejiang, China. The results showed that most female salamanders were between 5 and 6 years of age, with the minimal reproductive age, predicted to be 3 years, and the clutch size correlated to the body size. We argue that both delayed attainment of sexual maturity and low fecundity make this species more vulnerable to extinction.
Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Treating Joint Injury and Osteoarthritis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale particles secreted by almost all cell types to facilitate intercellular communication. Stem cell-derived EVs theoretically have the same biological functions as stem cells, but offer the advantages of small size, low immunogenicity, and removal of issues such as low cell survival and unpredictable long-term behaviour associated with direct cell transplantation. They have been an area of intense interest in regenerative medicine, due to the potential to harness their anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative effects to induce healing in a wide variety of tissues. However, the potential of using stem cell-derived EVs for treating joint injury and osteoarthritis has not yet been extensively explored. The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, with or without prior joint injury, is not well understood, and there is a longstanding unmet clinical need to develop new treatments that provide a therapeutic effect in preventing or stopping joint degeneration, rather than merely relieving the symptoms of the disease. This review summarises the current evidence relating to stem cell-derived EVs in joint injury and osteoarthritis, providing a concise discussion of their characteristics, advantages, therapeutic effects, limitations and outlook in this exciting new area.
The groundwater-level anomalies observed by 446 monitoring wells in the North China Plain during 2003-2017

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The groundwater level anomalies observed by 446 monitoring wells in the North China Plain (NCP) during 2003-2017. The monthly GWL data were obtained from the Ministry of Water Resources of China and the groundwater yearbooks. The wells were relatively evenly distributed in NCP region . The GWL anomalies were calculated by subtracting the mean GWL values during 2003-2017 from the monthly time series values of each well. Unit: meter
Limnological studies of the perennial waterbody, Govindgarh Lake district Rewa (M.P.)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes the physico-chemical profile of perennial lake of Govindgarh, Madhya Pradesh, where limnological studies were conducted during March 2020 to February 2022. Variables analysed from surface water of the tank were temperature, transparency, pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, hardness, chlorides, nitrates and phosphate. The seasonal variations of these factors were studied and interrelationships existing between them are discussed. The pH of water was alkaline. Transparency, EC, hardness and alkalinity were tend to increase during summer and decrease in winter. Dissolved oxygen was maximum during winter and minimum during summer. Dissolved oxygen showed inverse relationship with temperature and EC. Nitrate and phosphate were higher in monsoon and post monsoon, fluctuated directly with dissolved oxygen.
Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Enterprise Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Thoracic/Vascular Surgery Team (FFGKT)

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract : The Naval Health Research Center (NHRC) has used its modeling and simulation expertise to develop and update conventional U.S. Air Force medical assets since 2004. Air Force medical modeling capabilities currently capture care and treatment of the sick and injured from the first responder through theater hospitalization. The objective of this study was to leverage medical modeling and simulation advantages to provide recommendations for allowance standard (AS) configurations based on the Air Force Thoracic/Vascular Surgery Team (FFGKT) operational and clinical requirements. NHRC analysts reviewed the FFGKT, analyzed clinical requirements with subject matter experts, and used modeling and simulation tools to develop the operationally-based and patient-driven recommended 917G AS line list. The Unit Type Code capabilities, operational requirements, and materiel solutions were identified, addressing issues of modernization, clinical requirement, standardization, and redundancy. In this study, 42 line items were recommended for deletion due to redundancy and clinical requirement. The net decrease in weight and cube was 26.93%, with a 23.7% decrease in cost.
A Quantitative Analysis of the Hydrogen Sorption Isotherms of MmNi4.25Al0.75.

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The development of materials for hydrogen thermal compression should follow minimalistic and ecological aspects including low energy consumption, low-cost unitary operation production and low waste generation. These concepts are applied in this work by applying models previous to measurements in devices. The results include the application of a quantitative model to measurements of hydrogen sorption properties of an intermetallic of composition MmNi4,25Al0,75, synthesized by low energy reactive milling. The intermetallic was annealed in Ar at 600 °C for 24 h to improve the microstructural properties. The samples were analyzed in a Sievert's-type device. Curves of pressure vs. composition were previously obtained in a temperature range between 25 °C and 100 °C. A modeling of PCT curves was done. Two different stages were analyzed. The parameters involved in the model correspond to thermodynamic properties ΔHf y ΔSf of hydride formation. These results are used in the design of a one-stage hydrogen thermal compressor.
Թզենու որոշ սորտերի ագրոկենսաբանական գնահատումը

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

By evaluating the qualitative features of the fig fruit and the universality of its use, we conducted a study of the properties and features of the local and imported sorts of fig. For this purpose, we used the method of comprehensive phenotyping and agrobiological assessment. As a results we have singled out the “Spitak” fig sort for large-scale production and selection work, because this sort is distinguished by its low stature, small number of seeds, relatively large fruit, symmetrical fruits, self-pollination, and resistance to phytophagous lice.
Cu-Catalyzed Asymmetric SN2′ Reaction onβ-Disubstituted Allylic Chlorides

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

In the present article, the authors expand the scope of their previously developed Cu-catalyzed asymmetric SN2′ reaction with Grignard nucleophiles (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2004, 43, 2426-2428) to more highly substituted β-di­substituted allylic halides.
An efficient task allocation scheme for 2D mesh architectures

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Efficient allocation of processors to incoming tasks in parallel computer systems is very important for achieving the desired high performance. It requires recognizing the free available processors with minimum overhead. In this paper, we present an efficient task allocation scheme for 2D mesh architectures. By employing a new approach for searching the mesh, our scheme can find the available submesh without scanning the entire mesh, unlike earlier designs. Comprehensive computer simulation reveals that the average allocation time and waiting delay are much smaller than earlier schemes of comparable performances, irrespective of the size of meshes and distribution of the shape of the incoming tasks.
Abstract 1054: Nobiletin synergizes cytotoxicity of antimicrotubule agents by inhibiting Pin1 pathway

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract Nobiletin is a citrus polymethoxy flavonoid that suppresses cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastatic properties in various cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the combined effects of nobiletin and various chemotherapeutic agents on the cytotoxicity of human colon and esophageal cancer cells. We cultured cancer cells at serial dilution of chemotherapeutic agents with or without nobiletin and assessed cell cytotoxicity at 5 days after drug treatment. The addition of a suboptimal dose of nobiletin did not alter the growth of cancer cells, however cytotoxic effect of antimetabolites (gemcitabine and 5-FU) and DNA-platinating agent (cisplatin) were markedly attenuated by nobiletin. By contrast, nobiletin markedly enhanced antitumor effect of antimicrotubule agents such as docetaxel, paclitaxel, vincristine and MMAE. Moreover, enhanced cytotoxicity by nobiletin was also verified in the combination with MMAE- or DM1-conjugated antibodies to EpCAM and EphA2. We found the inhibition of phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Pin1 (peptidyl-prolyl isomerase) by nobiletin, suggesting a rational molecular target of nobiletin is Pin1. Overall, these data suggest that nobiletin might useful for the chemotherapeutic treatment of microtubule inhibitors. Citation Format: Kazunori Kato, Takumi Yamazaki, Masaaki Honma. Nobiletin synergizes cytotoxicity of antimicrotubule agents by inhibiting Pin1 pathway [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1054. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1054
Aerodynamic Considerations for Open-Loop Control of a Statically Unstable Mortar Projectile

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Wind-tunnel tests of an 81 mm mortar projectile augmented with a single pair of relatively high-aspect-ratio canards have verified that such an airframe is statically unstable in the canard plane with significant nonlinear aerodynamic characteristics with respect to angle of attack. It is shown here that an open-loop control scheme may be used effectively under a free-rolling arrangement, provided that the noncanard plane contains sufficient static stability and that the “roll-averaged” aerodynamic considerations are addressed adequately. These considerations include establishing a condition for the level of static stability required in a roll-averaged sense and ensuring that an adequate roll rate is present during maneuvers. Six-degree-of-freedom simulation results based on a wind-tunnel derived aerodynamic model that accounts for the nonlinear angle of attack dependencies, along with postflight analysis from a controlled flight experiment, have aided in the verification of the open-loop control concept for a rolling airframe that contains an unstable pitch plane.
Analyzing the Determinants of Farmers' Preference for Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change: Evidence from North Shoa Zone of Amhara Region

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Studies on climate change adaptation recognize the importance of agro-ecology based research for designing context-specific policies and programs to climate change. This study, therefore, applied a case-study approach to examine farmers' preference for climate change adaptation strategies and the factors deriving their preference. Thus, households' preference for five types of climate change adaptation strategies (multiple cropping, livestock, soil conservation, irrigation, and changing planting dates) is identified and the determinants of the preference are analyzed using Rank-Ordered Logit Model. The results indicated that multiple cropping is the most preferred and frequently applied adaptation strategy to climate change, while livestock production is the least. The model also revealed that gender, age, farming experience and education level of the household head, household size, and farm and nonfarm income; farm size and farm distance to homestead; agricultural extension services and access to climate forecast information; farmers' perceptions on temperature and rainfall affect farmers' preference for the climate change adaptation strategies. Thus, policies and programs with the aim of reducing climate change impacts through adaptation need to consider important roles of these factors. The main barriers to climate change adaptation are lack of information or knowledge, shortage of money, shortage of land, and unsuitability of land and poor potential for irrigation. Although adaptation is one of the policy options for reducing the negative impacts of climate change, it is challenged by these constraints. Therefore, promoting investments and strengthening efforts to address these constraints is suggested to enhance farmers' adaptation capacity and thus adaptation to climate change.
Facilitating the monitorial voter

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Websites for monitoring the past performance of elected representatives in the United States, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands are analysed according to how they meet the voters’ information needs. The case study reveals two distinct models of information provision. One model supports the evaluation of the enactment of election programmes by political parties, the other model supports the monitoring of the performance of individual representatives in terms of the voters’ current preferences. Guidelines are suggested for the design of retrospective voter information websites.
Basic Needs, Government Debt and Economic Growth

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper investigates the relationships between basic needs and economic growth where the interactions between output, health, nutrition and education are explicitly simultaneous. We find a unidirectional relationship that improving basic welfare contributes strongly to labour productivity change, but a clear reverse causation only from growth to nutrition. There are substantial differences in the patterns of simultaneous interactions at different income and welfare levels. There are strong self‐reinforcing effects of literacy and debt service on poverty, making it difficult for poor countries to rectify their situation. Channelling resources towards improving health, education and nutrition could bring dramatic economic returns.
Mistaken Compassion and Mistaken Application: The Challenge of Buddhist Neuroethics in Clinical Practice

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Mistaken Compassion: Tibetan Buddhist Perspectives on Neuroethics DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.