jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Design and Analysis of Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator(FBAR) Filter for RF Applications

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The RF band pass filters are important for wireless communication applications.They can be realized using Thin Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator (TFBAR).TFBAR is designed using Aluminium Nitride (AlN) and electrodes of piezoelectric material are made with Platinum (Pt).Various modelling techniques has been used for realizing three layered TFBAR structure.Modified Butter worth-van Dyke model (MBVD) is one used for numerical simulation of AlN film and thin electrodes.The result shows that Lm, Cm, Rm and Co model is perfectly applicable for predicting the response of TFBAR.The proposed design is realized by connecting three series and two shunt FBARs in ladder configuration.In the present work, the filter has been designed for a bandwidth of 270 MHz at -3 dB.The minimum insertion loss of -0.9 dB and return loss of -25 dB are obtained for VSWR ≤ 2 at resonance frequency.
Earth stabilisation with MgO-based cement

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This study compares, for the first time, MgO-based (MB) cement and Portland-based (PB) cement for stabilizing earth mortars. While MB and PB earth mortars reach similar strength, MB cement stabilization demonstrates superior early-age performance. Thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, 29Si and 31P NMR spectroscopies show that the cement reacts in both systems and allow to establish the phase assemblages. The stabilized earth pastes contain less hydroxide phases, indicating a pozzolanic reaction in both cases.
MB-stabilized clay mortars retain about 1/3 of the compressive strength of pure MB mortar, while with PB this proportion is only 1/5. This difference demonstrates that MB is more compatible with clay minerals and more suitable for stabilizing earth mortars. If MB cement could be produced with renewable energy from CO2-free sources (instead of from magnesite), stabilization of earth mortars with MB would be substantially more CO2 efficient than with PB.
HHV‐6A, HHV‐6B, HHV‐7, and HHV‐8 After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This chapter deals with the four most recently discovered herpesviruses: the human herpesviruses HHV-6A, HHV-6B, HHV-7, and HHV-8 (also called Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus). Today know that HHV-6B is the virus that causes the majority of the disease associated with HHV-6. Other clinical associations such as bone marrow suppression, pneumonia, and skin rash mimicking acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) have been proposed. The importance of HHV-6A, HHV-7, and HHV-8 is less in stem-cell transplant recipients, although cases with likely pathology due to these viruses have been documented. HHV-6B is an important pathogen in HCT patients primarily through its CNS effects.The risk is highest in patients after cord blood (CB) transplantation and this is a group where it would be logical to implement preventive measures. CMX001 is a drug in clinical development that might be a future alternative. Adoptive transfer of HHV-6-specific T cells might also be a possible management strategy.
Initial Intervention Study of Kansei Robotic Implementation for Elderly

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The elderly population in Malaysia may increase to 15 percent from the country's population by the year 2030. This fact brings concern for the future prospect of the elderly care system in Malaysia, where there are possibilities of a robot being embedded into the life of the elderly. There have been many initiatives towards using robots as a therapeutic approach to improve the elderly Quality of Life (QoL). The relevant robotic studies for elderly are much associated with the Japanese Culture. However, there is a little study to investigate the feasibility of learning system using a robot among the elderly in Malaysia. The main objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using robots for elderly in Malaysia based on emotion requirement for the learning purposes. Persona approach will be used as a method to study on the three selected elderly from Tanjung Malim Elderly Activity Centre (PAWE). The result shows that majority of them are interested with the use of robot as learning assistant although they did not have any prior knowledge on robot learning before. "Interesting", "familiar" and "comfortable" emotion value seems to be an important aspect for the implementation of robot as their therapeutic learning approach. Further research will investigate on the possibility of Kansei robotic implementation via robot assisted learning suitable with elderly emotion as well as enhance their emotion wellbeing.
Surface characteristics of plastic intravenous catheters

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The interior and exterior surfaces of four plastic, 18-gauge intravenous catheters (Abbocath-T, angiocath, Cathlon IV and Quik-Cath) were examined to identify physical characteristics that could possibly contribute to clinical thrombogenic activity. For each brand, the surface characteristics of one unused catheter (control) and a catheter placed in the left-cephalic vein of an orthopedic surgery patient for 48 hours were compared by scanning electron microscopy. All catheters had surface imperfections. Fibrinous material was found adhering to all used catheters even though exposure of the interior surfaces to blood components was minimal. It is speculated that imperfections on the surfaces of plastic i.v. catheters may contribute to thrombogenic complications in patients.
Mass Spectrometry‐Based Analysis of Time‐Resolved Proteome Quantification

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The aspect of time is essential in biological processes and thus it is important to be able to monitor signaling molecules through time. Proteins are key players in cellular signaling and they respond to many stimuli and change their expression in many time‐dependent processes. Mass spectrometry (MS) is an important tool for studying proteins, including their posttranslational modifications and their interaction partners—both in qualitative and quantitative ways. In order to distinguish the different trends over time, proteins, modification sites, and interacting proteins must be compared between different time points, and therefore relative quantification is preferred. In this review, the progress and challenges for MS‐based analysis of time‐resolved proteome dynamics are discussed. Further, aspects on model systems, technologies, sampling frequencies, and presentation of the dynamic data are discussed.
Estimating the relation between radon concentrations in dwellings and schools; on the example of data from the Balkan region, South East Europe

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Given its relevance as hazard to human health, today almost unanimously accepted, indoor Rn is increasingly subject to regulation with the purpose of reducing the risk. While so far, investigations were mostly focused on domestic indoor Rn, attention has been extended to working environments, as people spend good (or bad) part of their life in offices, schools, shops, factories and other workplaces. In the recently issued European Basic Safety Standards (BSS 2014) the same maximum reference levels for indoor Rn concentration, long-term mean 300 Bq/m³, were therefore set for dwellings and workplaces. Many national and regional indoor surveys exist for dwellings, but only a few for schools and kindergartens and little for other workplaces. In particular schools are given increasing attention because they are workplaces for students and teachers alike, and avoiding unnecessary risk to children is naturally seen as an especially important objective. \nIt must be assumed that buildings on top of a ground with the same radon potential, but with different building characteristics and usage patterns, as is typically the case for dwellings and schools, have systematically different indoor Rn concentrations. Although this is well accepted, little is known about how these differences can be quantified, and what their extent is. \nWe show on indoor Rn datasets of schools and dwellings from several regions in South-East Europe how such relations can be estimated and give results. These can be used for identifying regions in which one may decide to allocate resources preferentially for intensified surveys or mitigation or remediation activity, specifically targeted to a type of indoor environment. \n
Histological evaluation of the periodontal ligament from aged wistar rats supplemented with ascorbic acid

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Ascorbic acid (AA) is able to neutralize reactive oxygen species and is essential for collagen synthesis. In aging process oxidative stress is elevated. This study aims to investigate the effects of AA supplementation on the periodontal ligament (PL) of rats during aging. Twenty five rats were used and divided into groups: J90 (90-day-old control), E345 (345-day-old control), E428 (428-day-old control), EA345 (345-day-old supplemented with AA from 90-day-old on) and EA428 (428-day-old supplemented with AA from 90-day-old on). We analyzed the thickness, density of fibroblasts and blood vessels and collagen fibers types in the PL. In group J90 there was predominantly type III collagen fibers (87.64%). In animals supplemented with AA, the area filled by type I fibers (group EA345: 65.67%, group EA428: 52.23%) was higher than type III fibers. PL in group EA428 was thicker than the one observed in group E428 (P < 0.05). During natural aging process, AA promoted the maturation of collagen fibers and enhanced angiogenesis in periodontal ligament. One can conclude that the supplementation with AA represented a beneficial factor for the development of PL in aged rats.
Does Digitalization Matter in the Relationship Between Financial Performance and Social Performance?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The growing significance of corporate social responsibility and digitalization demands immediate attention, making it a critical area for exploration. This chapter aims to investigate the impact of digitalization on the financial and social performance of the banking sector. Utilizing online and distributed survey questionnaires, the results reveal that digitalization positively influences both financial and social performance. This finding highlights the necessity for banking to adopt new technologies and responsible practices to enhance their financial performance in a dynamic financial environment. Consequently, the adoption of digitalization enables banks to become more socially responsible, regardless of their performance level. Furthermore, improved financial performance increases banks' involvement in socially responsible initiatives. These empirical findings provide policymakers with valuable insights into the importance of integrating technological innovation and socially responsible practices to boost financial performance and achieve sustainable development goals.
A DDH-based group key agreement protocol for mobile environment

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In recent times, the popularity of group oriented applications such as electronic conferences and collaboration works has increased manifold. Thus, secure group communication has become one important research issue for network security. For secure group communication, the first and important step is to design a group key establishment protocol. A group key is a common secret key which can be used to achieve confidentiality and authentication services for different group applications. The focus of the current work is on the design of secure group key agreement protocols suitable for such mobile environment where a node with high computational ability is connected to a number of (mobile) nodes with low computational efficiency. The contribution of this work is to provide a truly contributory group key agreement protocol with dynamic user join and leave facility. The security of the protocol is based on decisional Diffie-HeHman (DDH) assumption.
Indications for Radio-iodine Treatment of Thyroid Carcinoma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Certain thyroid carcinomata resemble normal thyroid tissue in having the capacity to concentrate iodine. Since radioactive iodine is chemically indistinguishable from normal iodine, such tumours will selectively con centrate radio-iodine. They may therefore be selec tively irradiated by the intense local beta radiation which is emitted from radio-iodine. If the local con centration and retention of radio-iodine in the tumour is high enough relative to that in other body tissues, the local radiation within the tumour may be great enough to cause its destruction, without causing fatal or toxic effects in the body as a whole. In principle, therefore, the selection of cases for such treatment is simple. Complete surgical excision remains, of course, the treatment of choice if ever it is possible (Dobyns, 1951) ; otherwise, radio-iodine should be used to treat any thyroid carcinoma which can be shown, or can be induced, to take up radio-iodine sufficiently. In practice, this criterion is complicated by several considerations. First, the detection of radio-iodine up take, and the judgment of its adequacy, may be difficult, particularly if the tumour is adjacent to normal thyroid tissue and if repeated biopsies cannot conveniently be made. Secondly, uptake may be demonstrable after total thyroidectomy in a tumour in which no uptake could be detected before the thyroid was removed. It may therefore be necessary to select for thyroid abla tion* those cases in which uptake cannot be shown but is likely to be demonstrable after thyroidectomy. This decision will be based on such indirect evidence as the histological differentiation of the tumour and perhaps its rate of growth. In such cases tests for uptake are repeated after thyroid ablation, and radio iodine treatment is started if adequate retention can be demonstrated.
Perianal Fistulas in Patients With Crohn's Disease, Part 1: Current Medical Management.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Despite significant advances in the treatment of luminal inflammatory bowel disease, the treatment of perianal fistulas remains a clinical challenge. Perianal fistulas are traditionally described using the Parks classification based on their relationship to the external and internal anal sphincters. Traditional therapy for perianal fistulas focuses on antibiotics such as metronidazole or ciprofloxacin. However, medical management has expanded over the years to include immunomodulators and, most recently, biologic agents. Newer techniques such as intrafistulous biologic injections are also being explored as potentially effective treatments for patients with fistulizing disease. Here, in the first of a 2-part series on perianal fistulas in patients with Crohn's disease, we discuss the anatomy and classification of perianal fistulas as well as current medical therapies, including antibiotics, immunomodulators, biologic agents, and novel therapeutic agents. The second part of the series will focus on the surgical modalities that are available for patients with perianal fistulas in addition to novel endoscopic techniques and future therapies that are being investigated for the treatment of fistulizing Crohn's disease.
Thermal Parameters as a Predictor of Precipitation Type for Carswell AFB, Texas.

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract : The paper presents a summary of thermal parameters as predictors of precipitation type at Carswell AFB, Texas. The material presented in this paper may be used to make an objective forecast when the input data are extracted from current observations and prognastic facsimile charts. The Greater Southwest Airport (GSW), Fort Worth, Texas, radiosonde data (for 0000Z and 1200Z) are correlated against precipitation type that occurred at Carswell AFB, Texas, within plus or minus three hours of radiosonde time. Thermal parameter combinations used in this study are: 1000-850mb thickness, 1000-700mb thickness, 1000-500mb thickness; surface and 950mb temperatures. (Author)
DNA mismatch repair gene mutations in human cancer.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

A new pathogenetic mechanism leading to cancer has been delineated in the past 3 years when human homologues of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes have been identified and shown to be involved in various types of cancer. Germline mutations of MMR genes cause susceptibility to a hereditary form of colon cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC), which represents one of the most common syndromes associated with cancer predisposition in man. Tumors from HNPCC patients are hypermutable and show length variation at short tandem repeat sequences, a phenomenon referred to as microsatellite instability or replication errors. A similar abnormality is found in a proportion of sporadic tumors of the colorectum as well as a variety of other organs; acquired mutations in MMR genes or other endogenous or exogenous causes may underlie these cases. Genetic and biochemical characterization of the functions of normal and mutated MMR genes elucidates mechanisms of cancer development and provides tools for diagnostic applications.
Large deviations for the $\nabla\varphi$ interface model with self potentials

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The aim of this paper is to study, in the framework of the $\\nabla\\varphi$ interface model, the macroscopic behavior of microscopic interfaces under the finite volume Gibbs measures with self potentials, especially by establishing the large deviation principle. We consider the case where the self potential depends on the position and on both macroscopic and microscopic heights of the interfaces as well. The assumption on the upper bound for the self potential required by [10] is relaxed.
Selective Inhibition of ADAR1 Using 8-Azanebularine-Modified RNA Duplexes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) are RNA editing enzymes that catalyze the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine (A) to inosine (I) in dsRNA. In humans, two catalytically active ADARs, ADAR1 and ADAR2, perform this A-to-I editing event. The growing field of nucleotide base editing has highlighted ADARs as promising therapeutic agents while multiple studies have also identified ADAR1's role in cancer progression. However, the potential for site-directed RNA editing as well as the rational design of inhibitors is being hindered by the lack of detailed molecular understanding of RNA recognition by ADAR1. Here, we designed short RNA duplexes containing the nucleoside analog, 8-azanebularine (8-azaN), to gain insight into molecular recognition by the human ADAR1 catalytic domain. From gel shift and in vitro deamination experiments, we validate ADAR1 catalytic domain's duplex secondary structure requirement and present a minimum duplex length for binding (14 bp, with 5 bp 5' and 8 bp 3' to editing site). These findings concur with predicted RNA-binding contacts from a previous structural model of the ADAR1 catalytic domain. Finally, we establish that neither 8-azaN as a free nucleoside nor a ssRNA bearing 8-azaN inhibits ADAR1 and demonstrate that the 8-azaN-modified RNA duplexes selectively inhibit ADAR1 and not the closely related ADAR2 enzyme.
Tropical Dry Evergreen Forests of Peninsular India: Ecology and Conservation Significance

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Tropical dry evergreen forests (TDEFs) occur as patches along the Coromandel coast of peninsular India. Investigations on plant biodiversity, bioresource values, and conservation status of 75 TDEF sites were carried out. A total of 149 woody plant species representing 102 trees, 47 lianas, and three native herbs were enumerated. Across 75 sites studied, species richness of woody plants ranged from 10 to 69 species. Physiognomically, evergreen species dominated the forest. Forest growth determined as girth increment ranged from 0.37 to 1.08 cm yr −1 for trees and 0.39 to 0.41 cm yr −1 for lianas. At the community level, seasonal flowering with unimodal dry season peak and year-round, bimodal fruiting pattern prevailed. A strong association between the qualitative reproductive traits and pollination and dispersal spectrum among the TDEF species has been demonstrated. In bioresource assessment, 150 medicinal plant species, used for treating more than 52 ailments, were documented. Site disturbance scores were obtained by assessing the various site disturbances such as site encroachment, resource extraction, grazing, fragmentation, weed invasion, etc. Conservation significance of the TDEF sites is emphasized in the light of restricted geographical distribution, moderate level of plant species diversity, representation of the unique forest type, high productivity, and bioresource potential. Restoring the disturbed sites with characteristic TDEF species, and revitalizing the cultural traditions associated with sacred groves by promoting awareness of the ecological and bioresource values of TDEFs, are recommended.
Stochastic simulations of the Schnakenberg model with spatial inhomogeneities using reactive multiparticle collision dynamics

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

<p>A numerically efficient globally averaged number density approach is used to simulate a reaction-diffusion system using a particle-based stochastic simulation algorithm called reactive multiparticle collision (RMPC) dynamics. Constant diffusivity of the particles is achieved through a time-varying rotation angle (also called collision angle). Variation in the diffusion coefficient between two different chemical species is achieved in one of two ways: (ⅰ) using a different <em>kBT</em>/<em>m</em> value for one species compared to the other, or (ⅱ) using the same <em>kBT</em>/<em>m</em> value for both species, but using a different probability to free-stream for one species compared to another. For smaller diffusivities and larger spatial inhomogeneities, bath particles were necessary for the model to agree with the PDE solution. The latter approach was further used without a bath, and shown to be capable of producing Turing patterns after long simulation times. The significance of our work is that RMPC can serve as a feasible simulation tool for both short and long-term simulations, can handle spatial inhomogeneities, can model a fairly large range of diffusivities in a reaction-diffusion scenario, and is capable of producing Turing patterns. An advantage of this method includes more detailed system information in feasible simulation times.</p>
Non-cash benefits from social housing in Europe: a comparative perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Most of the available comparative empirical evidence on levels and trends in income inequalities and poverty in OECD countries relies on the concept of household disposable cash income, thus ignoring the services governments provide to households. Including those services matters a lot, however, for policy interpretation. While cash housing benefits are generally included in household disposable income, the effect of social housing is not accounted for. This may provide a misleading picture of the impact of overall housing policies on inequality and poverty, as some countries use different policies to help households meet their housing expenses. In this paper we study the value of the in-kind benefit households receive by living in social housing accommodation. For this purpose we calculate estimates of imputed rent, which until now has mainly been used to estimate the benefit derived from homeownership. We then analyse how these benefits are distributed over the population and how they help to combat poverty. Finally, in a case study for Germany, we compare cash and in-kind social benefits for housing.