jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The expression of congenital Shoc2 variants induces AKT-dependent crosstalk activation of the ERK1/2 pathway

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The Shoc2 scaffold protein is crucial in transmitting signals within the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)-mediated Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK1/2) pathway. While the significance of Shoc2 in this pathway is well-established, the precise mechanisms through which Shoc2 governs signal transmission remain to be fully elucidated. Hereditary variants in Shoc2 are responsible for Noonan Syndrome with Loose anagen Hair (NSLH). However, due to the absence of known enzymatic activity in Shoc2, directly assessing how these variants affect its function is challenging. ERK1/2 phosphorylation is used as a primary parameter of Shoc2 function, but the impact of Shoc2 mutants on the pathway activation is unclear. This study investigates how the NSLH-associated Shoc2 variants influence EGFR signals in the context of the ERK1/2 and AKT downstream signaling pathways. We show that when the ERK1/2 pathway is a primary signaling pathway activated downstream of EGFR, Shoc2 variants cannot upregulate ERK1/2 phosphorylation to the level of the WT Shoc2. Yet, when the AKT and ERK1/2 pathways were activated, in cells expressing Shoc2 variants, ERK1/2 phosphorylation was higher than in cells expressing WT Shoc2. In cells expressing the Shoc2 NSLH mutants, we found that the AKT signaling pathway triggers the PAK activation, followed by phosphorylation of Raf-1/MEK1/2 and activation of the ERK1/2 signaling axis. Hence, our studies reveal a previously unrecognized feedback regulation downstream of the EGFR and provide additional evidence for the role of Shoc2 as a “gatekeeper” in controlling the selection of downstream effectors within the EGFR signaling network.
Phenolic compounds and related enzymes as determinants of quality in fruits and vegetables

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Phenolic secondary metabolites play an important role in plant‐derived food quality, as they affect quality characteristics such as appearance, flavour and health‐promoting properties. Their content in foods is affected by many factors that influence phenolic stability, biosynthesis and degradation. In terms of their biosynthesis the key enzyme phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL) is especially relevant, as it can be induced by different stress (environmental) conditions. In addition, polyphenol oxidases (PPO) and peroxidases (POD) are the main enzymes responsible for quality loss due to phenolic degradation. The different factors affecting phenolic‐related food quality are reviewed. These include internal (genetic) and environmental (agronomic) factors, technological treatments applied during postharvest storage of fruits and vegetables, as well as processing and storage of the processed products. The different strategies that are required to either maintain or enhance the phenolic‐related quality of foods are critically reviewed. Genetic modification designed to decrease polyphenol oxidases or peroxidases is not always a feasible method, owing to side problems related to the growth and defence of the plant. Agronomic treatments can be used to enhance the phenolic content and pigmentation of fruits and vegetables, although the information available on this topic is very scarce and even contradictory. Some postharvest treatments (cold storage, controlled or modified atmospheres, etc) can also improve phenolic‐related quality, as well as new processing methods such as irradiation (gamma, UV), high‐field electric pulses, high hydrostatic pressures and microwaves. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Swift Viewing: The Popular Life of Subliminal Influence

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article Swift Viewing: The Popular Life of Subliminal Influence Get access Charles R. Acland, Swift Viewing: The Popular Life of Subliminal Influence. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2012, 328 pp. Michael Z. Newman Michael Z. Newman mznewman@uwm.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Screen, Volume 56, Issue 3, Autumn 2015, Pages 378–380, https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/hjv036 Published: 15 September 2015
Electrochemical oxidation of aspidofractinine-type alkaloids: Formation of kopsine, kopsidine, kopsinitarine and bisindole derivatives

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Anodic oxidation of kopsamine on platinum in acetonitrile results in cyanation or cyanomethylation, following ring closure, while oxidation on vitreous carbon in methanol yields a dimerization product with a C2 element of symmetry. This behaviour is reproduced in the aromatic congeners of kopsamine, kopsiflorine and 11-methoxykopsilongine. Oxidation of kopsingine on platinum in CH2Cl2–MeCN leads to a stable conjugated iminium salt which can be trapped by alcohol or water nucleophiles to give kopsidines A, B, and C. Kopsidines A and B can also be obtained directly from electrooxidation in methanol or ethanol. Oxidation of dihydrokopsingine in acetonitrile gives the 17-to-5 and 17-to-3 oxo-bridged compounds directly, while oxidation in methanol yields an additional product which is a caged kopsinitarine derivative. Oxidation of an aspidofractinine derivative without unsaturation in the piperidine ring and with a C(17)-αOH function gives a C2 symmetric dimerization product as well as a caged kopsinitarine-type product. Possible pathways leading to the various products are presented.
The Implementation of a Stress Management Program for Health Care Workers Through a Rural Occupational Health Clinic

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Stress affects U.S. healthcare workers (HCWs) and costs US$191 billion annually. About 30% to 50% of healthcare providers report burnout. Based on an assessment of a U.S. rural hospital system, 94% of workers experienced negative health consequences. We conducted a quality improvement (QI) project for the purpose of implementing a stress management program for HCWs in a hospital system. Methods: A total of 500 HCWs were informed of the program through hospital communication channels. Using the Plan–Do–Study–Act (PDSA) process, we screened workers presenting to the occupational health clinic for care. Project team members recruited other workers for stress screening throughout the organization. Interventions included contacting workers with elevated scores on the Perceived Stress Survey (PSS; N = 213). The nurse practitioner scheduled them for a shared-decision-making (SDM) appointment ( N = 33) where workers were informed of and encouraged to participate in stress reduction activities. Surveys were used to assess effectiveness of SDM appointments and the stress reduction activities. After each 2-week PDSA cycle, interventions were adjusted. Findings: Of the 42% ( N = 213) of workers who were screened for stress, 24% ( n = 52) had elevated scores. Fifty percent ( n = 26) completed an SDM appointment. Participants reported an 86% assurance level that they would use personalized stress management plans. Participants utilizing the interventions ( n = 271) reported 25% to 72% reduced stress levels. Conclusions/Application to Practice: This successful project, in a rural setting, included workers across job classifications. Team engagement, PSS screening, SDM opportunities, and stress management activities were project strengths. This low-cost project can be replicated.
New reports of lichens from Mawat and Gapelon districts in northeastern Iraq

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

As a result of lichenological fieldwork in Mawat and Gapelon locations in the northeast of Iraq, a total of 22 lichens were identified from nine different localities. Acarospora epiaspicilia, Acarospora murorum, Aspicilia contorta subsp. hoffmanniana, Caloplaca saxicola, Caloplaca xantholyta, Caloplaca oblongula , Candelariella coralliza, Immersaria cupreoatra, Immersaria usbekica, Lecaimmeria qinghaiensis, Lecania polycycla, Lecanora gangaleoides, Lepraria membranacea, Lobothallia radiosa, Lobothallia recedens, Parvoplaca tiroliensis, Physcia stellaris, Physconia grisea subsp. algeriensis, Rinodina ascociscana, Rinodina calcarea, Rinodina oleae, Tephromela atra var. calcarea were reported for the first time from Iraq. The substrata and their collecting localities of the newly recorded lichens are presented.
Water Allocation and Management in the Southeast

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The writer summarizers papers and presentations associated with the April 19-20, 1978 Southeast Conference on Legal and Administrative Systems for Water Allocation and Management held at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, Va. Conclusions and recommendations included the need for reexamination of existing legal and administrative systems for water allocation to meet emerging problems in most southeastern states; legislation to clarify water rights associated with diversion and interbasin transfer; recodification of existing water law; studies and proposals leading to improved state policies, law, and programs with respect to minimum streamflows, water shortages, hydrologic and land use relationships. Emphasis was also placed on the need for strengthened state water resources planning, management, and interstate cooperation.
NO and NO2 Concentration Modeling and Observer-Based Estimation Across a Diesel Engine Aftertreatment System

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents an experimentally validated control-oriented model and an observer for diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC)-diesel particulate filter (DPF) system in the context of exhaust gas NO and NO2 concentration estimations. NO and NO2 have different reaction characteristics within DPF and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems, two most promising diesel engine aftertreatment systems. Although the majority of diesel engine-out NOx emissions is NO, the commonly used DOC located upstream of a DPF and a SCR can convert a considerable amount of NO to NO2. Knowledge of the NO/NO2 ratio in exhaust gas is thus meaningful for the control and diagnosis of DPF and SCR systems. Existing onboard NOx sensors cannot differentiate NO and NO2, and such a sensory deficiency makes separate considerations of NO and NO2 in SCR control design challenging. To tackle this problem, a control-oriented dynamic model, which can capture the main NO and NO2 dynamics from engine-out, through DOC, and to DPF, was developed. Due to the computational limitation concerns, DOC and DPF are assumed to be standard continuously stirred tank reactors in order to obtain a 0D ordinary differential equation model. Based on the model, an observer, with the measurement from a commercially available NOx sensor, was designed to estimate the NO and NO2 concentrations in the exhaust gas along the aftertreatment systems. The stability of the observer was shown through a Lyapunov analysis assisted by insight into the system characteristics. The control-oriented model and the observer were validated with engine experimental data and the measured NO/NO2 concentrations by a Horiba gas analyzer. Experimental results show that the model can accurately predict the main engine-out/DOC/DPF NO/NO2 dynamics very well in semisteady-state tests. For the proposed observer, the predictions converge to the model values and estimate the NO and NO2 concentrations in the aftertreatment system well.
Other/miscellaneous

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOther/miscellaneousCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1998, 32, 17, 389A–390APublication Date (Web):June 8, 2011Publication History Published online8 June 2011Published inissue 1 September 1998https://doi.org/10.1021/es984094cRequest reuse permissions Article Views21Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1014 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Freshwater decapods (Crustacea: Decapoda) of Palair Reservoir, Telangana, India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Recent surveys conducted in 2016–2018 from the Palair Reservoir of the Indian state of Telangana resulted in the collection of 153 specimens of freshwater decapods. These specimens are assigned to 10 species: seven prawns in three genera and three families; three crabs in two genera of one family. Among these, four species are recorded here as new records to Telangana: Penaeus semisulcatus De Haan, 1844, Caridina gracilipes De Man, 1892, Barytelphusa guerini (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), and Oziotelphusa sp.
Sr distribution as proxy for Ca distribution at depth in SXRF analysis of mm‐sized carbonaceous chondrites: Implications for asteroid sample return missions

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Reliable identification of chondrules, calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs),carbonate grains, and Ca-phosphate grains at depth within untouched, unpreparedchondritic samples by a nondestructive analytical method, such as synchrotron X-rayfluorescence (SXRF) computed tomography (CT), is an essential first step before intrusiveanalytical and sample preparation methods are performed. The detection of a local Ca-enrichment could indicate the presence of such a component, all of which contain Ca asmajor element and/or Ca-bearing minerals, allowing it to be precisely located at depthwithin a sample. However, the depth limitation from which Ca-K fluorescence can travelthrough a chondrite sample (e.g., 115 μm through material of 1.5 g cm3 ) to XRFdetectors leaves many Ca-bearing components undetected at deeper depths. In comparison,Sr-K lines travel much greater distances ( 1700 μm) through the same sample density andare, thus, detected from much greater depths. Here, we demonstrate a clear, positive, andpreferential correlation between Ca and Sr and conclude that Sr-detection can be used asproxy for the presence of Ca (and, thus, Ca-bearing components) throughout mm-sizedsamples of carbonaceous chondritic material. This has valuable implications, especially forsample return missions from carbonaceous C-type asteroids, such as Ryugu or Bennu.Reliable localization, identification, and targeted analysis by SXRF of Ca-bearingchondrules, CAIs, and carbonates at depth within untouched, unprepared samples in theinitial stages of a multianalysis investigation insures the valuable information they hold ofpre- and post-accretion processes in the early solar system is neither corrupted nordestroyed in subsequent processing and analyses.
Porphyrin complexation: an approach in porphyria therapy

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Porphyria is a rare metabolic disease which occurs as a result of accumulation of endogenous porphyrins due to specific enzyme deficiency in the biosynthetic pathway of heme. Chloroquine is currently used in the treatment of cutaneous porphyria, although its mechanism of action is not yet well understood. It is believed that chloroquine works in porphyria by forming complexes with excess porphyrin molecules and thus enhancing their elimination from the body. Previous reports of porphyrin-chloroquine complexes have been done mostly in aqueous models. In this study, UV/Visible optical absorbance difference spectroscopy was used to study the complexation of protoporphyrin IX with chloroquine and a range of acceptor molecules in hydrophobic models. The results show that chloroquine, mefloquine, amodiaquine, quinacrine, and pyronaridine formed relatively stronger complexes compared to other molecules such as quinine, duroquinone and caffeine. Therefore, relative to chloroquine, some of the molecules with comparable or greater binding affinity to protoporphyrin IX might also be useful in the treatment of porphyria.
Inverse scattering problem for a cubic string having the shape of a step

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Problem for a cubic string having the shape of a step is studied. It is proved that here we have two scattering problems: the direct one and its dual. The direct problem describes scattering of the waves coming from ``$+\infty$'', and its dual, correspondingly, of the waves from ``$-\infty$''. The main systems of linear singular equations for both problems are obtained. It is shown how to unambiguously restore potential from the solutions to these equation systems.
Synthesis and mesogenic behavior of metal-containing liquid crystalline networks

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

A new hydroxy functionalized liquid crystalline (LC) polyazomethine has been synthesized by the solution polycondensation of a dialdehyde with a diamine. The polymer was characterized by IR, H-1-, and C-13-NMR spectroscopy. Studies on the liquid crystalline properties reveal the nematic mesomorphic behavior. This polymer functions as a polymeric chelate and forms a three-dimensional network structure through the metal complexation. Influence of various metals and their concentration on the liquid crystalline behavior of the network has been studied. Networks up to 30 mol % of the metal show LC phase transitions; above this the transitions are suppressed and the network behaves like an LC thermoset. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering of Long-Lasting Post-Concussive Symptoms: Symptom-Centric Association with Functional Impairments (P8-1.001)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:

The aim of this study was to characterize the underlying clusters of prolonged post-concussive symptoms lasting more than 12 months, and to investigate their association with functional impairments.

Background:

Following a concussion, approximately 15% of individuals experience persistent symptoms that can lead to functional deficits. However, underlying symptom-clusters that persist beyond 12 months have not been adequately characterized, and their relevance to functional deficits are unclear.

Design/Methods:

Although hierarchical clustering is ideally suited in evaluating subjective symptom severities, it has not been applied to post-concussive symptoms or the Rivermead Post-Concussion Questionnaire (RPQ). The RPQ and functional impairments questions were administered via a smartphone application to 445 individuals who self-reported prolonged post-concussive symptoms. Symptom-clusters were obtained using agglomerative hierarchical clustering, and their association with functional deficits were investigated with sensitivity analyses, and corrected for multiple comparisons.

Results:

Five symptom-clusters were identified: headache-related, sensitivity to light and sound, cognitive, mood-related, and sleep-fatigue. Individuals with more severe RPQ symptoms were more likely to report functional deficits (p<0.0001). Whereas the headache and sensitivity clusters were associated with at most one impairment, at-least-mild sleeping difficulties and fatigue were associated with four, and moderate-to-severe cognitive difficulties with five functional impairments (all p<0.01).

Conclusions:

Symptom-clusters may be clinically useful for functional outcome stratification and for targeted rehabilitation therapies, for example directed towards mild trouble sleeping. Further studies are required to replicate these findings in other cohorts and questionnaires, and to ascertain the effects of symptomatic intervention on functional outcomes. Disclosure: Mr. Kuleindiren has nothing to disclose. Mr. Tiersen has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Mindstep. Mr. Tiersen has stock in Mindstep. Mr. Tiersen has received research support from Imperial College London. Dr. Johal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lin has nothing to disclose. Mr. Selim has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for Mindstep . Mr. Selim has stock in Mindstep. Dr. Rifkin-Zybutz has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Mindset Technologies Ltd. Dr. Rifkin-Zybutz has received research support from National Institute for Health and Care Research. Mr. Mahmud has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Mindset Technologies Ltd .
Low rate of Japanese encephalitis infection in rural children in Thanjavur district (Tamil Nadu), an area with extensive paddy cultivation.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In Thanjavur district, the occurrence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) is very low and the district is free of epidemics. Among children aged 5-12 yr, the infection rates for JE in two consecutive transmission seasons of 1991-92 and 1992-93, were 1.8 and 5.1 per cent respectively. A high cattle to pigs ratio (400:1) could possibly be an important factor for the low JE infection rate in children in the district.
sj-pdf-1-bjp-10.1177_20494637211045898 – Supplemental Material for Healthcare resource utilisation and cost analysis associated with opioid analgesic use for non-cancer pain: A case-control, retrospective study between 2005 and 2015

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-bjp-10.1177_20494637211045898 for Healthcare resource utilisation and cost analysis associated with opioid analgesic use for non-cancer pain: A case-control, retrospective study between 2005 and 2015 by Emma Davies, Ceri J Phillips, Mari Jones and Bernadette Sewell in British Journal of Pain
[Comparison of navelbine plus ifosfamide and cisplatin versus ifosfamide plus cisplatin in the treatment of advanced non small cell lung cancer].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

NIP yields a higher response rate than IP does in retreated patients, with acceptable toxicity, which can be the first line regimen in the retreatment of advanced NSCLC. IP regimen showes a similar response rate and less toxicity in initial patients, compared with NIP regimen, so it might be considered a relevant regimen in initial patients with advanced NSCLC.