jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
An electrochemical sensor based on electrospun MoS2@SnO2 modified carbon nanofiber composite materials for simultaneously detection of phenacetin and indomethacin

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract SnO 2 ‐CNF was prepared by coaxial blending technology, and MoS 2 was grown uniformly on SnO 2 ‐CNF composite by adding a hydrothermal post‐treatment step. The uniform distribution of MoS 2 on one‐dimensional SnO 2 ‐CNF can effectively establish a layered three‐dimensional structure. Accordingly, the prepared MoS 2 ‐coated SnO 2 ‐CNF composite material has higher surface area and more active sites to obtain better electrochemical performance. We constructed an electrochemical sensor within the composite material with enhanced performance to realize the simultaneous and highly sensitive detection of phenacetin and indomethacin. The sensor has linear ranges of 0.050–7200 μM and 0.05–500 μM, respectively, and the detection limits were 0.016 μM and 0.013 μM. Furthermore, the sensor has good anti‐interference ability and stability, which also achieves good recovery rate in the actual sample detection.
The effect of temperature and humidity index on egg-laying and hatching parameters in Japanese quail

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The objective was to measure the effect of temperature–humidity index (THI) on egg-laying and hatching parameters. Quails were randomly transferred to two cage blocks at 20.55 ± 0.05 °C and 52.25 ± 0.68% relative humidity (RH), accepted as 66 THI group. One cage block was transferred to the next room at 16.15 ± 0.13 °C and 70.77 ± 0.38% RH considered as 61 THI group. In the second stage of the study, the cage block previously accepted as 61 THI group was considered as to 69 THI group by rising up the temperature to 21.97 ± 0.18 °C. The group previously considered as 66 THI group was accepted as 76 THI group by rising up the temperature to 28.06 ± 0.02 °C. Feed consumption and egg weight were significantly decreased, in 69 and 76 THI groups. Daily egg production was lower in 61 and 66 THI groups than that in 69 THI group. In 76 THI group, shell weight and yolk height were decreased. High THI caused negative effects on feed consumption, egg weight, egg quality, and feed conversion ratio.
Estimation of the radiometric response functions of a color camera from differently illuminated images

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The mapping that relates the image irradiance to the image brightness (intensity) is known as the Radiometric Response Function or Camera Response Function. This usually unknown mapping is nonlinear and varies from one color channel to another. In this paper, we present a method to estimate the radiometric response functions (of R, G and B channels) of a color camera directly from the images of an arbitrary scene taken under different illumination conditions (The illumination conditions are not assumed to be known). The response function of a channel is modeled as a gamma curve and is recovered by using a constrained nonlinear minimization approach by exploiting the fact that the material properties of the scene remain constant in all the images. The performance of the proposed method is demonstrated experimentally.
Mapping metabolic oscillations during cell cycle progression

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Proliferating cells must synthesize a wide variety of macromolecules while progressing through the cell cycle, but the coordination between cell cycle progression and cellular metabolism is still poorly understood. To identify metabolic processes that oscillate over the cell cycle, we performed comprehensive, non-targeted liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) based metabolomics of HeLa cells isolated in the G1 and SG2M cell cycle phases, capturing thousands of diverse metabolite ions. When accounting for increased total metabolite abundance due to cell growth throughout the cell cycle, 18% of the observed LC-HRMS peaks were at least twofold different between the stages, consistent with broad metabolic remodeling throughout the cell cycle. While most amino acids, phospholipids, and total ribonucleotides were constant across cell cycle phases, consistent with the view that total macromolecule synthesis does not vary across the cell cycle, certain metabolites were oscillating. For example, ribonucleotides were highly phosphorylated in SG2M, indicating an increase in energy charge, and several phosphatidylinositols were more abundant in G1, possibly indicating altered membrane lipid signaling. Within carbohydrate metabolism, pentose phosphates and methylglyoxal metabolites were associated with the cycle. Interestingly, hundreds of yet uncharacterized metabolites similarly oscillated between cell cycle phases, suggesting previously unknown metabolic activities that may be synchronized with cell cycle progression, providing an important resource for future studies.
Branding from emerging countries: how to compete internationally?

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose – This paper aims to clarify the challenge of emerging countries’ firms regarding their brand policy. The purpose of the paper is to examine the branding options offered to emerging countries companies when expanding internationally. Design/methodology/approach – After having clarified the two paradoxes faced by emerging countries’ brands by way of synthesizing various works, the author formulates a model that provides a representation for the possible brand strategy choices of emerging country companies. Findings – The authors formulate a framework with four brand management options which may be put into practice in emerging countries’ companies and suggest how an emerging country’s company could create and develop the best-adapted international brand policy depending on its specific situation regarding localness emphasis and customers’ risk reduction acceptance. Practical implications – Results lead to the conclusion that the notion that only global brands are associated with higher product quality or prestige (in relation to local brands) is not a universal truth and thus needs to be interpreted with caution. The research provides support for a branding strategy embedded in the local emerging countries context and tally with research showing that more and more firms from emerging economies are using foreign image association strategies as important components of their branding and marketing strategies. Originality/value – The proposal reinforces the contingency perspective of international marketing according to which brand policy may depend on company criteria, as well as foreign market specificities. The research confirms the competitive capacity of emerging countries’ companies’ brands, broadens the scope of international branding knowledge by shifting the focus to under-researched regions of the world.
Effects of Water Temperature on the Body Color and Expression of the Genes Related to Body Color Regulation in the Goldfish

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), and somatolactin (SL) in the hypothalamus-pituitary axis are associated with body color regulation in teleost fish. Although these hormones' production and secretion respond well to light environments, such as background color, little is known about the effects of different water temperatures. We investigated the effects of water temperature, 10°C, 20°C, and 30°C, on body color and the expression of these genes and corresponding receptor genes in goldfish. The body color in white background (WBG) becomes paler at the higher water temperature, although no difference was observed in black background (BBG). Brain mRNA contents of proMCH genes (pmch1 and pmch2) increased at 30°C and 20°C compared to 10°C in WBG, respectively. Apparent effects of background color and temperature on the pituitary mRNA contents of a POMC gene (pomc) were not observed. The pituitary mRNA contents of the SLα gene were almost double those on a WBG at any temperature, while those of the SLβ gene (slb) at 30°C tended to be higher than those at 10°C and 20°C on WBG and BBG. The scale mRNA contents of the MCH receptor gene (mchr2) in WBG were higher than those in BBG at 30°C. The highest scale mRNA contents of MSH receptor (mc1r and mc5r) on BBG were observed at 20°C, while the lowest respective mRNA levels were observed at 30°C on WBG. These results highlight the importance of temperature for the endocrinological regulation of body color, and darker background color may stabilize those endocrine functions.
[Renal magnetic resonance].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

MRI is very useful in the study of renal disease due to its high spatial resolution. Its cost, and because it is not widely available, have limited the indications of MRI to those cases whose diagnosis cannot be established by other imaging techniques (US and CT) and patients in whom iodated contrast material (i.e., allergy to iodine or renal failure) or ionizing radiation (i.e., pregnancy) is contraindicated. MR has a high diagnostic reliability in the evaluation of the extent of the renal tumors. MR angiography and MR urography permit adequate and non-invasive assessment of the vascular and collecting systems without the need to utilize iodated contrast agents.
Enhanced Oral Vaccine Efficacy of Polysaccharide-Coated Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Oral administration of vaccines has been limited due to low immune response compared to parenteral administration. Antigen degradation in the acidic gastrointestinal environment (GI), mucus barriers, and inefficient cellular uptake by immune cells are the major challenges for oral vaccine delivery. To solve these issues, the current study investigates calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaP NPs) coated with polysaccharides as nanocarriers for oral protein antigen delivery. In this design, the CaP NP core had an optimized antigen encapsulation capacity of 90 mg (BSA-FITC)/g (CaP NPs). The polysaccharides chitosan and alginate were coated onto the CaP NPs to protect the antigens against acidic degradation in the GI environment and enhance the immune response in the small intestine. The antigen release profiles showed that alginate-chitosan-coated CaP NPs prevented antigen release in a simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2), followed by sustained release in simulated intestinal (pH 6.8) and colonic (pH 7.4) fluids. Cellular uptake and macrophage stimulation data revealed that the chitosan coating enhanced antigen uptake by intestine epithelia cells (Caco-2) and macrophages and improved surface expression of costimulatory molecules on macrophages. In vivo test further demonstrated that oral administration of alginate-chitosan-coated CaP@OVA NPs significantly enhanced the mucosal IgA and serum IgG antibody responses as compared to naked OVA, indicating that the CaP-Chi-Alg nanoparticle can potentially be used as a promising oral vaccine delivery system.
[DOWNLOAD] Bulldog Bad Boys 2019 Wall Calendar (Dog Breed Calendar) Full-Acces

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

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Evaluation and accreditation in Germany: the case study of the Technische Universität Berlin

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to present the evaluation and accreditation procedures of an important German higher education institution: the Technische Universitat of Berlin. The paper starts with a general presentation of the educational system in Germany, of its evolution and distinctive features. Then, the case study of the Technische Universitat of Berlin will be presented along with an overview of the implementation of national regulations on evaluation and accreditation in this institution. The internal and external evaluation processes and the accreditation procedure will be described.
Harrison Ford: Masculinity and Stardom in Hollywood, Virginia Luzón-Aguado (2020)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Review of: Harrison Ford: Masculinity and Stardom in Hollywood , Virginia Luzón-Aguado (2020) London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 315 pp., ISBN: 9781788310925 (hbk), $114.00, ISBN: 9781350152441 (ebk), $103.50
Interruptions, Distractions, and Attention Management: A Multi-Faceted Problem for Human Factors

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Interruptions and distractions are a serious problem for many tasks, from programming a device to forming a battle plan, and from driving a car to monitoring airspaces. Interruptions and distractions can interfere with short term memory in planning and executing plans, and they can divert attention and reduce processing capacities for the detection and interpretation of significant events in dynamic situations. Attention management across tasks, and even within complex tasks, is a multi-faceted cognitive, perceptual, and social problem for users and display designers alike. The key to improving attention management is understanding the human, task, and environment issues and designing technologies that dovetail with and exploit that understanding. The research presentations in this session delve into several different facets of attention management and interruption. They analyze the issues, develop design principles, and evaluate alternative interface designs.
[A case of Prader-Willi syndrome].

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Prader-Willi syndrome is characterized by hypotonia, hypomentia, hypogonadism and obesity. A case of a 10-year-5-month-old girl who was diagnosed to have the typical symptoms associated with the Prader-Willi syndrome is described in the present report. The following are the dental findings. 1) Enamel hypoplasia, crowding over the anterior teeth and narrow dental arch were found. However there was no high palate in the maxilla. 2) The mesio-distal width of the present teeth were small compared with the national average. 3) According to X-ray cephalometric analysis, a retardation of the growth of the maxilla and mandible was found. 4) Because of hypomentia and the difficult management of the patient, dental treatment was performed under general anesthesia.
The effect of Chamfer to the Tensile Strength of Steel Jis S45cr Friction Welding Joints

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Friction welding is a joining process that utilizes the force of pressure and heat from the friction to melt the tip of the workpiece in order to be connected The research has been conducted to measure the influence of the length of one side chamfer to the characteristic of the tensile strength of steel JIS45Cr friction welding joints.The research was conducted by experimental method with rotation speed 1800 rpm, time kept at 50 seconds, load used was 3.5 kg, chamfer angle was 30º and the length chamfer were 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, 9 mm and 11 mm. The tensile test conducted to find the effect of the chamfer length.The result of the research concluded that the highest tensile test on length variant of 7 mm, it was 97.3505 kN/mm2 and the lowest on 3 mm was 92.9868 kN/mm2. It is proved that the chamfer length effect to thee tensile strength of friction welding.
Implementation of Rolling Wheel Deflectometer (RWD) in PMS and Pavement Preservation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The rolling wheel deflectometer (RWD) offers the benefit to measure pavement deflection without causing any traffic interruption or compromising safety along tested road segments. This study describes a detailed field evaluation of the RWD system in Louisiana in which 16 different test sites representing a wide array of pavement conditions were tested. Measurements were used to assess the repeatability of RWD measurements, the effect of truck speeds, and to study the relationship between RWD and falling weight deflectometer (FWD) deflection measurements and pavement conditions. Based on the results of the experimental program, it was determined that the repeatability of RWD measurements was acceptable with an average coefficient of variation at all test speeds of 15 percent. In addition, the influence of the testing speed on the measured deflections was minimal. The scattering and uniformity of the FWD and RWD data appears to closely follow the conditions of the roadway. Both test methods appear to properly reflect pavement conditions and structural integrity of the road network by measuring a greater average deflection and scattering for sites in poor conditions. RWD deflection measurements were in general agreement with FWD deflections measurements; however, the mean center deflections from RWD and FWD were statistically different for 15 of the 16 sites. This study developed and validated a direct and simple model for determining the pavement structural number (SN) using RWD deflection data. To develop this model, the relationship between the average RWD surface deflection and the peak FWD deflection was investigated. The developed model correlates a pavement’s SN to two RWD-measured properties (average RWD deflection and RWD index). The developed model was fitted to RWD data collected in 16 road sections (each 1.5 miles), referred to as research sites, in Louisiana. The model was then validated based on FWD and RWD data collected on 52 road sections in Louisiana. Results showed a good agreement between SN calculations obtained from FWD and RWD deflection testing. While the developed model is independent of the pavement thickness and layer properties, it provides promising results as an indicator of structural integrity of the pavement structure at the network level. The fitting statistics support the use of the proposed model as a screening tool for identifying structurally deficient pavements at the network level. Based on the RWD evaluation conducted in District 05, this study recommends extending the use of RWD to the other districts in Louisiana.
Predictive Value of Ambulatory Objective Movement Measurement for Outcomes of Levodopa/Carbidopa Intestinal Gel Infusion

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Patients with Parkinson’s disease that may benefit from device-assisted therapy can be identified with guidelines like Navigate PD. The decision to offer advanced treatment and the choice of treatment modality are, however, not straightforward, and some patients respond less favorably to a chosen therapy. Measurements with the Parkinson Kinetigraph (PKG) can detect motor fluctuations and could therefore predict patients that respond better or worse to intestinal levodopa/carbidopa gel infusion (LCIG). In a retrospective analysis of 45 patients that had been selected to start LCIG between 2014 and 2020, the effects of baseline PKG and clinical characteristic on the outcome were determined with ordinal regression. Although all patients had been found to have handicapping medication-related symptom fluctuations, patients without clear objective off fluctuations in the baseline PKG had low odds ratio for success. Lower odds for success were also found with increasing age, whereas gender, medication intensity and baseline PKG summary scores (median bradykinesia and dyskinesia scores, fluctuation dyskinesia score and percent time with tremor) had no significant effect. Absence of easily identified off-periods in the PKG has a negative prognostic value for the effect of LCIG and could prompt noninvasive infusion evaluation before surgery.
THE BEHAVIOR OF RIGID TUNNELS IN HARD GROUND DURING AN EARTHQUAKE AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASEISIMIC DESIGN METHOD

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

硬質地盤中のトンネルであってもトンネル軸方向の剛性が高い場合には軸方向の耐震検討が必要で, トンネル上部が軟質層に入る場合には“有効地盤変位”を考慮する必要がある. 筆者らは, この必要性を解析的に明らかにし, 硬質地盤における耐震対策の考え方を提案した. さらに実トンネルへの適用例を示した.
Experimental and modelling studies of the adsorption of acetone on ice surfaces at temperatures around 200 K

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The thermodynamics and kinetics of the adsorption of acetone on ice films as well as their dependence on ice film thickness and ice age have been studied in the temperature range T= 190 – 220 K using a coated wall flow tube reactor (CWFT) coupled with QMS detection. A kinetic model has been developed in order to describe the adsorption and desorption kinetics of acetone on ice surfaces in tubular flow reactors. The rate coefficients for adsorption and desorption as well as adsorption isotherms have been derived by applying the model to the temporal profiles of the gas phase concentration at the exit of the flow reactor. It was found that acetone adsorption is entirely reversible and that the adsorption capacity depends on temperature and film thickness and decreases with the age of the ice film. The time constant of the ageing effect depends on the ice mass and is most pronounced at low acetone gas phase concentrations ( 2.0 x 1011 molecules/cm3) and at low temperatures. It is suggested that under these conditions acetone is initially adsorbed with a high rate and high surface coverage on cubic ice (Ic) adsorption sites. Upon ageing cubic ice is converted into hexagonal ice (Ih) for which the rate of adsorption and the surface coverage are lower. Using two-site dynamic modelling the rate coefficients for adsorption (kads) and desorption (kdes) as well as the Langmuir constant (KL) and the maximum number of adsorption sites (cs,max) as obtained for the adsorption of acetone on each of these ice phases in the respective temperature range are kads(Ic) = 3.8 x 10-14 T0.5 cm3s-1, kdes(Ic) = 4.0x1011 exp(-5773/T) s-1, KL(Ic) = 6.3x10-25 exp(5893/T) cm3, cs,max(Ic)  1014 cm-2 and kads(Ih) = 2.9 x 10-15 T0.5 cm3s-1, kdes(Ih) = 1.5x107 exp(-3488/T) s-1, KL(Ih) = 5.0x10-22 exp(3849/T) cm3, cs,max(Ih) = 6.0x1014 cm-2, respectively. The cs,max (Ih) and cs,max (Ic) were found to be dependent on ice thickness, however cs,max (Ic) is relative lab time and temperature dependent as well.