jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Alcoholics Fanonymous: The relationships between reasons for drinking, aggression, and team identification in sports fans

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Prior research has illustrated that sport spectators, particularly those with higher team identification, display a willingness to engage in both hostile and instrumental aggressive acts towards opposing teams and officials. With alcohol consumption prominent at major sporting events across the United States, the relationship between drinking motivation and aggressive acts deserves greater scrutiny. Individuals may consume alcohol for a variety of reasons, such as for positive, social reasons or negative motives that seek to escape aversive features of the environment or one's personal issues. The present experiment explored the relationships between sport fans' reported motivation for alcohol consumption, various types of aggression, and team identification. Specifically, we examined positive (social) and negative (escape) reasons for drinking. We predicted that there would be positive relationships between (1) team identification and both negative and positive reasons for drinking, (2) team identification and both hostile and instrumental aggression, and (3) negative reasons for drinking and both hostile and instrumental aggression. In addition, we expected that positive reasons for drinking would be negatively associated with hostile and instrumental aggression. The results from our study provided partial support of our predictions. More highly identified fans reported a higher proclivity to perform hostile and instrumental acts compared to lower identified fans. Negative reasons for drinking were positively related to both types of aggression. Our experiment effectively replicates past research on aggression in sports fans. Future directions and implications of the current study are also discussed.
[Effect of elongated-needle penetration intervention on spinal apoptosis and cell signal transduction in acute spinal cord injury rabbits].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ENP stimulation can decrease spinal injury and cell apoptosis in spinal injury rabbits, which may be closely related to its effects in up-regulating p-Akt and p-ERK1/2 and down-regulating Cyt C and Caspase-3 expression levels in the spinal cord and serum TNF-alpha content.
REDUCING COMPETITION IN AGROFORESTRY BY PRUNING NATIVE TREES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT The degree to which pruning helps reestablish balance in agroforestry was assessed in a system established in São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, in 2008. Seven native tree species were planted at a density of 600 trees/ha in five strips of three rows each, and annual crops were cultivated in the 17-m crop strips between the tree strips. Competition was established after 35 months, decreasing the aboveground biomass production of corn planted close to the trees. An assessment of black oats in the dry season following tree pruning showed that the proximity of trees caused reductions in plant and panicle density, aboveground biomass production, number of grains per panicle and grain weight. Because pruning was not sufficient to maintain crop yields, tree thinning is recommended in order to minimize competition and restore conditions for adequate crop production.
Public Projects for Digital Inclusion of Micro and Small Enterprises in Brazil

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The research axis revolves around how public projects can influence the digital inclusion of micro and small enterprises. The objective proposed in the work is to study the concepts of information technology for public projects aimed at the digital inclusion of MSEs. The methodology used has a qualitative approach of a descriptive nature, based on content analysis. Through the study it was concluded that the use of technologies contributes to the growth and maintenance of micro and small enterprises in the competitive market, but that the resources to accompany the technological evolution are scarce, and therefore, the development of public projects aimed at inclusion of micro and small businesses seems to be essential.
Kicking The Habit: The Campaign Against The Friars In A Fourteenth-Century Encyclopedia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Shelved in the Royal Collection of the British Library is a massive, four volume encyclopedia, which titles itself immodestly but only slightly inaccurately Omne Bonum . Some of the illuminations in this encyclopedia are quite spectacular. The book begins with a series of three sumptuous paintings connected with the Beatific Vision of God. This chapter focuses on a single article in Omne bonum and on what it can tell us about why an Exchequer official would have such a passionate hostility to the friars. James created only one article devoted exclusively to the friars, entitled Fratres mendicants . Its importance can be partly measured by magnitude: out of 1350 articles in the work as a whole, only eighteen are longer. This article on friars is longer than the articles on God, on Good, longer than the articles on the soul, on baptism, war, charity, heresy, man, or the pope. Keywords: Fratres mendicants ; friars; Omne Bonum
Short-Chain Fatty Acid Propionate Protects From Hypertensive Cardiovascular Damage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Arterial hypertension and its organ sequelae show characteristics of T cell–mediated inflammatory diseases. Experimental anti-inflammatory therapies have been shown to ameliorate hypertensive end-organ damage. Recently, the CANTOS study (Canakinumab Antiinflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study) targeting interleukin-1β demonstrated that anti-inflammatory therapy reduces cardiovascular risk. The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in immune homeostasis and cardiovascular health. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced from dietary fiber by gut bacteria and affect host immune homeostasis. Here, we investigated effects of the SCFA propionate in 2 different mouse models of hypertensive cardiovascular damage. Methods: To investigate the effect of SCFAs on hypertensive cardiac damage and atherosclerosis, wild-type NMRI or apolipoprotein E knockout–deficient mice received propionate (200 mmol/L) or control in the drinking water. To induce hypertension, wild-type NMRI mice were infused with angiotensin II (1.44 mg·kg –1 ·d –1 subcutaneous) for 14 days. To accelerate the development of atherosclerosis, apolipoprotein E knockout mice were infused with angiotensin II (0.72 mg·kg –1 ·d –1 subcutaneous) for 28 days. Cardiac damage and atherosclerosis were assessed using histology, echocardiography, in vivo electrophysiology, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. Blood pressure was measured by radiotelemetry. Regulatory T cell depletion using PC61 antibody was used to examine the mode of action of propionate. Results: Propionate significantly attenuated cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, vascular dysfunction, and hypertension in both models. Susceptibility to cardiac ventricular arrhythmias was significantly reduced in propionate-treated angiotensin II–infused wild-type NMRI mice. Aortic atherosclerotic lesion area was significantly decreased in propionate-treated apolipoprotein E knockout–deficient mice. Systemic inflammation was mitigated by propionate treatment, quantified as a reduction in splenic effector memory T cell frequencies and splenic T helper 17 cells in both models, and a decrease in local cardiac immune cell infiltration in wild-type NMRI mice. Cardioprotective effects of propionate were abrogated in regulatory T cell–depleted angiotensin II–infused mice, suggesting the effect is regulatory T cell–dependent. Conclusions: Our data emphasize an immune-modulatory role of SCFAs and their importance for cardiovascular health. The data suggest that lifestyle modifications leading to augmented SCFA production could be a beneficial nonpharmacological preventive strategy for patients with hypertensive cardiovascular disease.
Suitability of a propanolic PVP-iodophor preparation as preoperative skin disinfectant: germicidal activity and chemical stability.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The preparation Solutio Betadini propanolica 3% w/w, used as a pre-operative skin disinfectant was examined for its germicidal activity and its chemical stability. The additive activity of iodine and propanol resulted in a wide range of antimicrobial activity against bacteria, including bacterial spores, and fungi, with a rapid onset and sustained duration of action. The solution is easily manufactured and analyzed, its stability is guaranteed for 6 months. Because of its staining property, there is no need of coloured additives to mark the disinfected area. In addition, no skin irritations by the disinfectant were observed so far. Thus, the preparation fulfills the essential requirements for preoperative skin disinfectants and is suitable for the preparation and the compounding in hospital pharmacies.
On the treatment of periviscerites of the abdominal cavity with shatkovskaya mud in an out-of-resort setting

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The issue of the use of mud therapy in an out-of-resort setting was once debated at congresses and covered in special literature (Aleksandrov, Klyachkin, Yakubov, Veingerov), and now it can be considered proven that the effectiveness of mud therapy outside the resort is slightly inferior to resort mud therapy.
A Practical Route to Synthesize 3,4‐O‐Isopropylidene‐2‐azidophytosphingosine from D‐Galactose

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract An efficient and practical route to synthesize ( 2S , 3S , 4R )‐2‐azido‐3,4‐ O ‐isopropyllidene‐1,3,4‐octadecanetriol from D ‐galactose in 18% overall yield was described, which required ten steps of reactions and only four times column chromatography purification.
Astrernestin, a novel aurone-phenylpropanoid adduct from the roots of Astragalus ernestii

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Astragalus ernestii has been used as a substitute for Radix Astragali (Huang-Qi) in southwest China. To better understand the chemical rationale for the medicinal usage, the phytochemistry of A. ernestii was recently studied. As a result, a novel aurone-phenylpropanoid adduct astrernestin (1), together with five known phenoloids calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), 4,4'-dimethoxy-3'-hydroxy-7,9':7',9-diepoxylignan-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-monoglucoside (4), hedyotol D 4″-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5) and trifolirhizin (6), were isolated from the roots of A. ernestii. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and optical rotation calculation.
THE IMPORTANCE OF GOVERNANCE IN THE IMPLANTATION OF A PROJECT BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE APPROPRIATE TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE LAW SARBANES-OXLEY

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The constant quest for return profitable investments is a practice commonly used. Investors are known as people who know recognize the identification of opportunities in business, and seek by undertakings which refunded safety in the treatment of their capital. The safety of return on investments generates a great responsibility in firms, and makes these worry develop strategies aimed directly to sustainability. Facts such as those that occurred at the end of 90s, where some undertakings north-American, who traded their roles in New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations (NASDAQ), changed its financial results, generated a negative impact worldwide in the degree of confidence of investors. These facts led one the largest financial reforms of history north-american, was created Sarbanes Oxley (SOX) as a regulatory body of audit firms, ensuring the integrity of the information and the criminal liability of high administration. The SOX generated a great impact in the area of Information Technology (IT) envolving the architecture of Business Intelligence (BI). This work aims to analyze, assess and discuss the importance of Governance in the implantation of a project of BI, in order to ensure the appropriateness of this project to the requirements of law SOX.
Oscillatory disintegration of nonevolutionary magnetohydrodynamic discontinuities

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Trans-Alfvénic shock waves are considered in the approximation of small amplitude and almost parallel propagation of the magnetic field. Such shocks are nonevolutionary, since the problem of time evolution of their small perturbation does not have a unique solution. Therefore, they cannot exist as stationary configurations and must disintegrate or transform to some more general, nonsteady flow. The disintegration configuration necessarily includes an Alfvén discontinuity that is also nonevolutionary. It is shown that the contradiction inherent in the nonevolutionary configuration is removed if its time evolution has the form of oscillatory disintegration, i.e., reversible transformation of one type of discontinuity to the other. In this process fast and slow shock or rarefaction waves as well as contact discontinuities are emitted.
Genetic Diversity among Nigeria Maiwa Type of Pearl Millet Germplasm

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Characterization of pearl millet germplasm is imperative for categorization of germplasm and identification of the desirable genotypes for introgression into breeding programs. The available pearl millet genetic resources from Nigeria, and especially photoperiodsensitive materials or stay-green traits, have so far been exploited only to a limited extent. The present study was undertaken for initial morphological and phonological characterization of unexploited ‘maiwa’ or stay-green pearl millet accession in geographical gaps of Nigeria, to ensure high precision in future genotyping and phenotyping. The germplasm displayed considerable variability for Downy mildew severity,,days to 50 % flowering, plant height, panicle length and grain weight. There was no significant differences to striga infestation since there was no experience of striga emergence, suggesting resistance.
Bacterial phosphotransferase system: regulation of the glucose and mannose enzymes II by sulfhydryl oxidation

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

We have investigated the effect of oxidizing agents on methyl alpha-glucoside phosphorylation by the Escherichia coli phosphotransferase system (PTS). Oxidizing agents inhibited methyl alpha-glucoside phosphorylation at low methyl alpha-glucoside concentrations, and the degree of inhibition was shown to decrease with increasing concentrations of methyl alpha-glucoside. Results of studies with mutant bacteria and substrate analogues of the glucose and mannose enzymes II showed that contrary to the interpretation of Robillard and Konings [Robillard, G. T., & Konings, W. N. (1981) Biochemistry 20, 5025-5032] the apparent change in the Km value for methyl alpha-glucoside phosphorylation induced by sulfhydryl oxidation is not due to the formation of a low-affinity, oxidized form of the glucose enzyme II. Rather, the results are explained by the presence of two phosphotransferase systems that phosphorylate methyl alpha-glucoside with different affinities and that are differentially sensitive to oxidizing agents. The low Km system corresponds to the glucose enzyme II, which is strongly inhibited by potassium ferricyanide, phenazine methosulfate, and plumbagin. The high Km system corresponds to the mannose enzyme II, which is less sensitive to inhibition by these oxidizing agents. This differential sensitivity to inhibition by oxidizing agents can account for the apparent Km change for methyl alpha-glucoside phosphorylation reported by Robillard and Konings. The physiological significance of sulfhydryl oxidation in the enzymes II of the PTS has yet to be ascertained.
Correlation between per se and Testcross Performance in Rye (Secale cereale L.) Introgression Lines Estimated with a Bivariate Mixed Linear Model

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT In hybrid breeding a high correlation between per se performance of parental lines and hybrid performance can help to reduce the efforts for testcross trials. Our objectives were (i) to investigate the correlation between per se and testcross performance of rye ( Secale cereale L.) candidate introgression lines (pre‐ILs) for thousand‐kernel weight, test weight, falling number, starch, pentosan, and protein content; and (ii) to investigate the consistency of quantitative trait loci (QTL) determined in pre‐ILs and their testcross progenies. Eighty pre‐ILs carrying donor chromosome segments (DCS) from the Iranian primitive rye Altevogt 14160 in the genetic background of elite line L2053‐N, were evaluated at four locations over 2 yr. Genetic correlations between per se and testcross performance were estimated with a bivariate mixed linear model. Putative QTL regions were detected by comparing the performance of pre‐ILs carrying certain DCS with the performance of the recurrent parent. Genotypic variances and heritabilities were higher for per se than for testcross performance. Genetic correlations between per se and testcross performance were mostly intermediate. Common QTL regions were observed for test weight, starch, pentosan, and protein content. Our results revealed that a superior per se performance of rye pre‐ILs is not indicative for a superior hybrid performance. Consequently, using rye pre‐ILs in hybrid breeding programs requires testcross trials.
From the Lab to the Field: Combined Application of Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria for Mitigation of Salinity Stress in Melon Plants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Soil salinization is a major and increasing problem adversely impacting plant growth and crop production. Accordingly, coping with this problem has become a central topic in agriculture. In this study, we address this issue by evaluating the potential effectiveness of two bacterial species, Azospirillum brasilense and Paenibacillus dendritiformis, in enhancing growth and yield of melon and tomato plants under salinity stress. In vitro laboratory experiments indicated that these bacteria can efficiently colonize plant roots, and increase root length (25–33%) and root biomass (46–210%) of three melon plant varieties under saline stress. Similarly, greenhouse experiments showed that these bacteria significantly induced root (78–102%) and shoot weights (37–57%) of the three melon varieties irrigated with saline water. Tomato plants grown under the same conditions did not exhibit growth deficiency upon exposure to the saline stress and their growth was not enhanced in response to bacterial inoculation. Interestingly, saline-stressed melon plants inoculated with P. dendritiformis and A. brasilense exhibited lower total antioxidant activity compared to un-inoculated plants (80% vs. 60% of DPPH radical scavenging activity, respectively), suggesting that the inoculated plants experienced lower stress levels. These positive effects were further manifested by an increase of 16% in the crop yield of melon plants grown in the field under standard agricultural fertilization practices, but irrigated with saline water. Overall, these results demonstrate the beneficial effects of two plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria, which can significantly alleviate the negative outcome of salt stress.
Changing incidence of trachoma in the West Midlands

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

An increasing incidence of trachoma in an urban Midland population has been shown to be mainly due to immigration of infected carriers from the Punjab. In areas where trachoma is common special clinics should be established for the treatment and follow-up of patients and contacts. Public health measures should be introduced to prevent the spread of the infection. Laboratory methods should be more widely used in the diagnosis and control of trachoma.
Update of the documentation of the José de Alencar theatre

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Valorisation of heritage buildings can greatly be benefited by the update of the existing documentation. BIM (Building Information Modelling) can create a model able to be enriched by new information according to the dynamism of the historical building over time. This work deal with the update of the documentation of the iconic José de Alencar theatre (Fortaleza city – Brazil). A few existing drawings and graphic documents encompassing pictures, original illustrations, and 2D AutoCAD model were catalogued. A digital survey with an integrated approach using laser scanner and UAV photogrammetry technology was performed. 3D model based on existing documentation and digital survey was developed. From the work, an update of the documentation of the theatre over time and a reliable 3D BIM model, with a higher level of information and details, were obtained.
Energy deposition limits in a Nb/sub 3/Sn separation dipole in front of the LHC high-luminosity inner triplet

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Interaction region inner triplets are among the systems which may limit the LHC performance. An option for a new higher luminosity IR is a double-bore inner triplet with separation dipoles placed in front of the first quadrupole. The radiation load on the first dipole, resulting from pp-interactions, is a key parameter to determine the feasibility of this approach. Detailed energy deposition calculations were performed with the MARS 14 code for two Nb/sub 3/Sn dipole designs with no superconductor on the mid-plane. Comparison of peak power densities with those in the baseline LHC IR suggests that it may be possible to develop workable magnets for luminosities up to 10/sup 35/ cm/sup -2/ s/sup -1/.
Building Genetic Competence Through Partnerships and Interactive Models

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

Background: Nurses are increasingly using genetic-directed therapies in routine care, but evidence indicates that nurse educators lack knowledge about basic genetic concepts and related clinical implications. Educators are the key to preparing future nurses for effective practice in the genomic era, and creative approaches are needed for faculty development. Method: Nurse educators in academic and clinical settings partnered with science educators who use sophisticated DNA, RNA, and protein models to explore ways to teach abstract genetic concepts. Results: Hands-on learning enabled the workshop participants to understand how transcription of gene mutations leads to the translation of defective proteins responsible for specific diseases. Participants found using the models helped clarified complex concepts that occur at the cellular level. Conclusion: Partnerships with science educators can address gaps in nurse educators' knowledge about genetics and introduce creative teaching strategies. [ J Nurs Educ. 2016;55(5):300–303.]