jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
RECOMBINANT SOLUBLE ILT3 PROTEIN INDUCES THE DIFFERENTIATION OF ALLOSPECIFIC T SUPPRESSOR CELLS.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Tian, Jiong; Pabst, Oliver; Romermann, Dorothee; Skubich, Susanne; Koretzky, Gary A; Forster, Reinhold; Hoffmann, Matthias W Author Information
Pure Sequent Calculi

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Analyticity, also known as the subformula property, typically guarantees decidability of derivability in propositional sequent calculi. To utilize this fact, two substantial gaps have to be addressed: (i) What makes a sequent calculus analytic? and (ii) How do we obtain an efficient decision procedure for derivability in an analytic calculus? In the first part of this article, we answer these questions for pure calculi —a general family of fully structural propositional sequent calculi whose rules allow arbitrary context formulas. We provide a sufficient syntactic criterion for analyticity in these calculi, as well as a productive method to construct new analytic calculi from given ones. We further introduce a scalable decision procedure for derivability in analytic pure calculi by showing that it can be (uniformly) reduced to classical satisfiability. In the second part of the article, we study the extension of pure sequent calculi with modal operators. We show that such extensions preserve the analyticity of the calculus and identify certain restricted operators (which we call “Next” operators) that are also amenable for a general reduction of derivability to classical satisfiability. Our proofs are all semantic, utilizing several strong general soundness and completeness theorems with respect to non-deterministic semantic frameworks: bivaluations (for pure calculi) and Kripke models (for their extension with modal operators).
IGRIS for characterizing low-level radioactive waste

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

A recently developed neutron diagnostic probe system has the potential to noninvasively characterize low-level radioactive waste in bulk soil samples, containers such as 55-gallon barrels, and in pipes, valves, etc. The probe interrogates the target with a low-intensity beam of 14-MeV neutrons produced from the deuterium-tritium reaction in a specially designed sealed-tube neutron-generator (STNG) that incorporates an alpha detector to detect the alpha particle associated with each neutron. These neutrons interact with the nuclei in the target to produce inelastic-, capture-, and decay-gamma rays that are detected by gamma-ray detectors. Time-of-flight methods are used to separate the inelastic-gamma rays from other gamma rays and to determine the origin of each inelastic-gamma ray in three dimensions through Inelastic-Gamma Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (IGRIS). The capture-gamma ray spectrum is measured simultaneously with the IGRIS measurements. The decay-gamma ray spectrum is measured with the STNG turned off. Laboratory proof-of-concept measurements were used to design prototype systems for Bulk Soil Assay, Barrel Inspection, and Decontamination and Decommissioning and to predict their minimum detectable levels for heavy toxic metals (As, Hg, Cr, Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd), uranium and transuranics, gamma-ray emitters, and elements such as chlorine, which is found in PCBs and other pollutants. These systems are expected to be complementary and synergistic with other technologies used to characterize low-level radioactive waste.
Rheumatoid Arthritis and CLOVES Syndrome: A Tricky Diagnosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is significantly activated in rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, somatic activating mutations of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway may result in PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum diseases, including CLOVES (Congenital Lipomatous Overgrowth, Vascular malformation, Epidermal nevi, Skeletal abnormalities/Scoliosis) syndrome. We describe the case of a young female patient, with anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies-positive rheumatoid arthritis, referred for persistent finger pain and stiffness. Examination revealed discrete macrodactyly involving two fingers, scoliosis, asymmetrical calves, venectasias, a shoulder nevus and triangular feet with a “sandal gap” between two toes. These mild dysmorphic features with early-onset and the history of surgeries for thoracic lipoma and venous malformation were strongly suggestive of CLOVES syndrome. Confirmatory mutation analysis was not performed, as blood or saliva testing is not contributive for tissue-specific localized effects in the PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum. Nevertheless, lack of detection of a PIK3CA mutation does not exclude the diagnosis in patients fulfilling clinical criteria. Due to the patient’s wish to plan a pregnancy, therapy consisted in sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine, along with orthotic correction of leg length discrepancy. Overgrowth syndromes and arthritis may share common pathways. Mild macrodactyly should be differentiated from dactylitis. Diagnosing patients with minimal dysmorphic features within the PI3K-related overgrowth spectrum may help design better care strategies, in the quest for personalized medicine.
High Resolution Observations of Sub-Kiloparsec Circumnuclear Gas in AGN

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In recent years it has become possible to use high resolution radio interferometry and other techniques to study the sub-kiloparsec scale circumnuclear gas in the centres of Active Galactic Nuclei. This gas presumably provides the fuel source for the AGN activity and also plays a role in obscuring the direct view of the central engine from certain directions. The status of high resolution observations of the ionised, atomic and molecular phases of this circumnuclear gas are briefly reviewed.
ChemInform Abstract: Quinazolines as Potent and Highly Selective PDE5 Inhibitors as Potential Therapeutics for Male Erectile Dysfunction.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Misreporting in financial statements in a centrally planned economy: The case of Czechoslovak state-owned enterprises in late socialism

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Communist economies of the former Eastern Bloc were driven by systems of central planning. The central plan set detailed goals to be achieved by the state-owned enterprises, which often struggled to meet them and obtain bonuses or avoid the related sanctions. In line with the principal-agent theory, we study the behaviour of managers of the Czechoslovak state-owned enterprises in this specific environment and investigate the possibility of using creative accounting methods and other methods to cover failures in meeting those plans. Statistical analysis based on accounting records from the 1970s and 1980s recovered from state archives indicates that meeting the central plans targets was often achieved through false reporting. This conclusion is further supported by two series of 75 and 80 interviews with former managers of socialist state-owned enterprises. We expect our findings to hold for other centrally planned economies, as managers’ original motivations were distorted by features which were inherent to the centrally planned system itself.
Lighting and the Circadian Rhythm of Night Shift Workers

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract The human factor of lighting is examined through the elements of sunlight, blue light, and how it affects the circadian rhythm, and ultimately how it impacts the work schedule of workers. The intricacies of light and human vision are explored to zero in on the issues with disrupting the circadian rhythm for these employees. Modifications can be incorporated into the design of the working environment to improve efficiency, productivity, safety, and job satisfaction in an effort to deal with these issues. Recommendations are provided in an effort to mitigate or reduce the disturbances to the circadian rhythm and improve overall performance for night shift workers.
KÜÇÜK AİLE İŞLETMELERİNDEKİ YÖNETİCİLERİN İÇ KONTROL SİSTEMİNE YÖNELİK ALGILARININ İNCELENMESİ: İZMİR İLİ ÖRNEĞİ

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The most prominent attribute of small family companies is the intertwining the cultures of family and business cultures. Because of the integration of the family into the business, decisions about the business are also closely related to the family at the same time. This problem frequently occurs in non-institutional companies. Hence, the average life time of Turkish small family companies is below the average world standards. Indeed, if the companies in Turkey successfully form corporate structures, then they could also significantly improve their life time. The primary focus of this study is the effective control system which is one of the most important requirements of institutialization. In this research, perceptions of small family business executives on internal control systems have been studied and the barriers to establish an effective internal control system have been analyzed.
Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of Hodgkin's disease derived cell lines: histopathological and clinical implications.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Five Hodgkin's disease (HD) derived cell lines were established in vitro in our laboratory in the last seven years. Morphological, cytochemical, immunological and cytogenetic marker analysis demonstrated that the in vitro cells represent genotypically and phenotypically the in vivo Hodgkin (H) and Sternberg-Reed (SR) cells in biopsy specimens. The cultured cells resemble haematolymphoid cells at different stages of maturation. Four of the five continue to grow in vitro as suspension cells after more than 50 months. Four more in vitro HD-derived lines were described recently by several authors. A summary of the various marker characteristics of these in vitro lines is given as a synopsis of the phenotypic marker spectrum and is discussed in comparison with our own cell lines. There is a striking similarity between two of the newly established lines (CO, HDLM-2) and our lines whereas the two other in vitro established cultures seem to resemble cell species further along the line of maturation to B lymphocytes (DEV) and monocytes (SU-HD-1). Gene rearrangement experiments undertaken with the L428, L540, L591 and the CO cell line show that the L428 and 591 cells have undergone gene rearrangement, the L428 being compatible with the genotypic state of a pre-B cell; the L591 cells, similarly rearranged furthermore demonstrated functional light chain rearrangement, compatible with B-cell development. By cytogenetic analysis chromosome 7 was found to be affected in all our described lines. This chromosome appears to be particularly unstable and vulnerable in patients with HD, since all tested cell lines revealed multiple abnormalities of this chromosome, a finding which is in accordance with observations made by other investigators in HD-biopsy cells. Since similar structural changes or loss of chromosome 7 is a characteristic event in cases of secondary acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia, it is speculated that this form of secondary neoplasia could resemble the blast crisis, as observed in chronic myeloid leukaemia.
Cues for perception of the diphthong /ɑi/ in either noise or reverberation. Part I. Duration of the transition

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Location of boundaries (the 50% response point) and slopes of identification functions were determined for synthesized /ɑi/ vowel continua. Within each continuum, the stimuli contained a steady-state segment followed by a transition in which the frequencies of formants changed in time. Here, F1 changed in a downward direction and F2 changed in an upward direction. Total duration of each stimulus was 200 ms. The duration of the transition was increased in steps from 0 to 140 ms. Two patterns of formant transition were used: (1) formants changing in the direction of, but not reaching, target frequencies (except in the end-point stimulus), and (2) formants reaching F1 and F2 targets. The data were collected with ten normal-hearing and ten hearing-impaired subjects. The boundaries and slopes were determined for four listening conditions: quiet, noise, short reverberation (0.8 s), and long reverberation (1.1 s). The location of boundaries depended upon: (1) pattern of formant transitions, (2) listening condition, and (3) status of subjects’ hearing. Generally, longer transitions were needed for formants changing in the direction of, but not reaching, target frequencies, than for those reaching F1 and F2 targets. The required transition durations were similar in quiet and noise, but were longer in reverberation. The hearing-impaired subjects generally required longer transitions to reach the boundaries than normal-hearing subjects. The slopes of the identification functions were shallower in either noise or reverberation than in quiet and were shallower for hearing-impaired than for normal-hearing subjects. In reverberation, the slopes for formants reaching targets were shallower than the slopes for stimuli with formants changing in the direction of target frequencies. The relationships between these findings and identification errors for naturally produced tokens of the diphthong /ɑi/ are discussed.
Penerapan Metode Demonstrasi Pada Pembelajaran Menulis Teks Eksplanasi Peserta Didik Kelas VIII SMPN 31 Semarang Tahun Ajaran 2023/ 2024

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This research is motivated to show the lack of enthusiasm of students in learning activities, especially Indonesian learning. Learning activities Indonesian, students lack focus so that it causes boredom during learning. So a special method is needed to foster the enthusiasm of students so that the learning process can take place well. The demonstration method is a teaching method by demonstrating goods, events, rules, and sequences in carrying out activities, directly and using teaching media that are relevant to the subject matter or material that has been presented. Based on this background, the problem arises how to apply the demonstration method in learning to write explanatory texts for grade VIII students of SMPN 31 Semarang for the 2023/2024 school year? This study aims to identify the application of demonstration methods in learning to write explanatory texts.
Stability and Periodicity in a Mosquito Population Suppression Model Composed of Two Sub-models

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In this paper, we propose a mosquito population suppression model which is composed of two sub-models switching each other. We assume that the releases of sterile mosquitoes are periodic and impulsive, only sexually active sterile mosquitoes play a role in the mosquito population suppression process, and the survival probability is density-dependent. For the release waiting period T and the release amount c , we find three thresholds denoted by T ∗ , g ∗ and c ∗ with g ∗ < c ∗ . We show that the origin is a globally or locally asymptotically stable equilibrium when c ≥ c ∗ and T ≥ T ∗ , or c ∈ ( g ∗ ,c ∗ ) and T < T ∗ . We prove that the model generates a unique globally asymptotically stable T -periodic solution when either c ∈ ( g ∗ ,c ∗ ) and T = T ∗ , or T > T ∗ for any c > g ∗ . We give numerical examples to illustrate our theoretical results and make comparisons with some known models in the literature.
Preliminary experience with an emergency department observation unit protocol for heart failure

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Nearly all emergency department (ED) patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) are admitted to the hospital. Some of these patients might be best served by an explicit protocol for observation and treatment in the ED. OBJECTIVE: To describe the natural history of patients with CHF who are managed in an ED-based observation unit. METHODS: Patients presenting to the ED between 7/99 and 12/99 with symptoms of CHF were screened for eligibility. Patients with hemodynamic instability, respiratory failure, acute myocardial infarction, newonset heart failure, or severe complicating medical disease were excluded. Patients were managed in the observation unit for up to 12 hours before being admitted to the hospital. Clinical parameters including heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), net diuresis, and global assessment of clinical severity (GACS) score, were charted. Patients were followed for 30 days to determine length of hospital stay (LOS), rates of morbidity, mortality, and readmission. RESULTS: Twenty-four patients (15 males, 9 females; median age = 58) were enrolled in the protocol. By 4 hr a reduction in HR and RR was seen in the majority of patients (19/24 and 13/24, respectively). By 6 hr the majority (13/24) had improvement in GACS, and by 12 hours nearly all (21/24) did. By 12 hr, most patients (13/24) had a net diuresis of >1500 mL. Upon completion of the protocol, inpatient length of stay was generally brief (median LOS = 1 day; range 1-8 days). At 30 days there were no deaths or adverse events observed. Four patients were readmitted to the hospital; 2 of these admissions were related to CHF. CONCLUSIONS: In this low-risk group of patients with CHF, most showed clinical improvement within 6 to 12 hours after ED arrival. Further study is needed to determine whether an observation-unit protocol can safely and effectively reduce LOS for these patients.
Correlation tracking algorithm based on adaptive template update

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Aiming at the common problem of target changing and partial occlusion in the process of infrared dynamic tracking, a weighted function based on the distance of each pixel to the template center is put forward. And the traditional mean absolute difference (MAD) algorithm is improved to solve the interference. For template update we introduce an adaptive template update strategy which can adaptively correct template through the analysis of current frame matching coefficient and the gray scale information of the template edge. The experimental results show that our algorithm not only maintains the low computational complexity of MAD algorithm but also has higher stability and accuracy during continuous tracking.
Painlevé analysis for new (3 + 1)-dimensional Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli equations with constant and time-dependent coefficients

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce two new (3 + 1)-dimensional Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli (BLMP) equations, the first with constant coefficients and the other with time-dependent coefficients. The author obtains multiple soliton solutions and multiple complex soliton solutions for the two developed models. Design/methodology/approach The newly developed models with constant coefficients and with time-dependent coefficients have been handled by using the simplified Hirota’s method. The author also uses the complex Hirota’s criteria for deriving multiple complex soliton solutions. Findings The two developed BLMP models exhibit complete integrability for any constant coefficient and any analytic time-dependent coefficients by investigating the compatibility conditions for each developed model. Research limitations/implications The paper presents an efficient algorithm for handling integrable equations with constant and analytic time-dependent coefficients. Practical implications The paper presents two new integrable equations with a variety of coefficients. The author showed that integrable equations with constant and time-dependent coefficients give real and complex soliton solutions. Social implications The paper presents useful algorithms for finding and studying integrable equations with constant and time-dependent coefficients. Originality/value The paper presents an original work with a variety of useful findings.
Providing services to survivors of domestic violence: A comparison of rural and urban service provider perceptions

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Although there is a considerable body of knowledge about domestic violence, a limited proportion focuses on domestic violence in rural settings. Using a nonprobability purposive sampling technique, 93 providers of domestic vio-lence services from rural and urban localities in North Carolina and Virginia were located and asked to complete a self-administered survey soliciting provider perceptions about service consumers, the general public, themselves, and inter- and intra-agency issues. Significant differences were observed between rural and urban providers about service consumer needs and experi-ences, perceptions about the general public, area resource availability, agency funding, provider training, and worker safety. Implications of these differ-ences are discussed.
An Alternative Panorama of the Early Modern Ottoman Empire: Ruins and Sickness in Quṭb al-Dīn al-Nahrawālī’s Journey to the Sublime Porte

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Bu makale, Kutbüddîn en-Nehrevâlî’nin 1558 yılında Mekke’den İstanbul’a yaptığı seyahatini anlatan el-Fevâʾidü’s-seniyye fi’r-rihleti’l-Medeniyye ve’r-Rûmiyye (Medine ve Rum Diyarları Seyahatindeki Muhteşem Faydalar) adlı eserinin yakın okumasını yapacaktır. En-Nehrevâlî (1511/12-1582) bu ziyareti, Kanunî Sultan Süleyman’ı görmek ve ondan Medine’deki Osmanlı kuvvetlerinin başında olan Delü Piri’nin görevden alınmasını istemek için gerçekleştirir. Daha önceki çalışmalar, el-Fevâʾidü’s-seniyye’yi en-Nehrevâlî’nin hayatı veya on altıncı yüzyıl İslam ve Osmanlı toplumu hakkında bilgi sağlayan tarihî bir kaynak olarak incelemiştir. Makalem ise bir edebiyat çalışması gibi el-Fevâʾidü’s-seniyye’nin yakın okumasını yaparak onu bir anlatı olarak inceleyecek ve eserdeki bazı metinsel dinamikleri ortaya koyacaktır. En-Nehrevâlî, İskenderiye ve Kahire gibi şehirlerin harap bir duruma düştüğünü bildirir. Ayrıca, İskenderiye’den bazı mermer kalıntılarının İstanbul’a nakledildiğini ve bu kalıntıların Süleymaniye’nin inşası için kullanıldığını belirtir. İstanbul, Süleymaniye Camisi gibi ihtişamlı yapılarıyla harap duruma düşmüş Kahire ve İskenderiye’den oldukça farklı gözükmektedir. Ancak, İstanbul hakkındaki bölümde bazı detaylar daha dikkatli incelendiğinde farklı bir tablo ortaya çıkar. Şehirde, Hürrem Sultan ve Ahmet Çelebi gibi önemli kişiler hastalıklara yakalanır ve hatta vefat eder. En-Nehrevâlî Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nu açık bir şekilde eleştirmese de onun eserinde imparatorluk ideal bir düzene sahip değildir; çünkü İskenderiye gibi şehirler harap bir duruma düşmüştür ve Arapça diliyle şiirine önem veren Ahmet Çelebi kendisini saray içi anlaşmazlıkların içinde bulmuştur. El-Fevâʾidü’s-seniyye, imparatorluğun ihtişam ve nizam ile özdeşleşen bir devri hakkında harabelerin ve hastalıkların ön plana çıktığı alışılmadık bir panorama ortaya koyar.