jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
HSP90 inhibition as a way to treat cancer

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Master thesis, Programme in medicine. TITLE: HSP90 inhibition as a way to treat cancer. AUTHOR: Christoffer Vannas. Myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) is a rare soft-tissue tumor. An important oncogenic factor driving the tumor is abnormal proliferative signals through tyrosine kinases. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been tested as a treatment, but with little effect. An explanation to this might be that different tyrosine kinases can form heterodimers and autophosphorylate each other in the cytoplasm of MLS cells, sustaining a proliferative signal. A protein that can promote this autoactivation process is Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). HSP90 is a chaperone, a protein involved in modifying misfolded proteins and helping protein complex formation. In tumors, HSP90 has been linked with phosphorylation of tyrosine kinases and promotion of cell proliferation. HSP90 inhibition has been developed as a method to treat cancer. Experiments on mice with MLS and on MLS cell lines have shown that HSP90 inhibition has great potential. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of HSP90 inhibitions in MLS and the connection to tyrosine kinase signaling, using an HSP90 inhibitor called 17-DMAG.\nCultured tumor cells have been analyzed regarding to cell proliferation, expression of target proteins and signaling pathways. The results showed that 17-DMAG diluted in cell medium with 5 % FBS reduced cell proliferation in MLS cell lines. Fibroblasts, used as control cells, were not affected by the drug. Untreated fibroblasts had in general a significantly lower expression of 17-DMAG target proteins than untreated tumor cells. In MLS cell lines, protein quantification showed that activation of tyrosine kinase receptors RET and ErbB3 were reduced after addition of the drug. This indicates that 17-DMAG specifically affects cells dependent on tyrosine kinase signaling, decreasing proliferation and causing cell death. Tyrosine kinase signaling is an important oncogenic factor in myxoid liposarcoma, suggesting that HSP90 inhibition is a possible method for treatment of tumor cells without affecting normal tissue.
PHAGE CONVERSION OF TYPE ANTIGEN IV IN SHIGELLA FLEXNERI

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

In Shigella flexneri 1-4, directed antigenic changes from lb to 4b (I→IV) and from 2a to 4a (III→IV) were found by using culture-filtrates of Shigella flexneri 4, besides those from la to 4a and from 3b to 4b which are reported by S. Matsui. In these antigenic changes, it was confirmed that the transformed antigen is the type antigen IV, not the type antigen IV_. The transforming principle is the temperate phage itself carried by Shigella flexneri 4b and 4c. This phage had specific affinity to the group antigen 4 carried by la, 1 b, 2a and 3b. The relations between this phage conversion and the antigenic variations obtained by means of anti-factor sera were investigated and the antigenic changes from the limited group of Y-variants which yet posessed the group antigen 4 to IV1 were succeeded. The type antigen IV1 and the phage of Sh. fiexneri c could not be completely lost even by the action of anti-factor serum or anti-phage serum.
NON-DIABETIC GLYCOSURIA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A light or even a heavy glycosuria is not an uncommon finding in the routine examination of patients. In Table I, I have collected references to such findings as have been reported by various observers in the recent literature. Noteworthy among these observations are those in which the condition had been observed over very prolonged periods, viz., from 3 to 35 years. Various terms have been applied to this non-diabetic type of glycosuria. Thus it has been called diabetes innocens; renal diabetes; renal glycosuria. Such terms as the last two of these are misnomers since glycosuria is always renal, being dependent upon the renal threshold as well as the glycemic level. Glycosuria innocens is a better term since it indicates at least the non-diabetic character of the glycosuria—but for this very reason, since whenever glycosuria is present it is imperative to determine whether or not it is due to a diabetic condition, I have adopted the term non-diabetic glycosuria as most applicable to glycosuria of this type.
[Chronobiological aspects of artificial total heart replacement in long-term animal experiments--a systemanalytic study (author's transl)].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Biological rhythms (circadian rhythms) have been observed in the hemodynamics of experimental animals (calves). After artificial total heart replacement these rhythms are typically altered compared to control animals. These observations induce a growing consideration of chronobiological aspects in a systemanalysis for the conception of an automatic external control of the artificial heart, which has to be divided in:--parameter-progression (tendencies), --parameter-variation (discrete, oscillations), --parameter-coupling (phase shifts).
The experiences of healthcare professionals interacting with injured athletes in Singapore : a phenomenological approach

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Past studies have found that healthcare professionals are encountered with the challenge of returning injured athletes to active involvement in sport as quickly as possible but at the same time as safely as possible. The purpose of this research is to describe, analyse and interpret the comprehensive accounts of the experiences of healthcare professionals interacting with injured athletes in Singapore based on the fastest yet safest rehabilitation of these athletes. Phenomenological interviews were used to gain rich and descriptive accounts of the lived experiences of the interaction between healthcare professionals and injured athletes. The interviews were audio recorded separately for each participant and were free from distractions. Three allied healthcare professionals and three injured athletes were selected based on purposive sampling in which they had common experiences about the studied phenomena. Epoché or personal bracketing was adopted which was to set aside biases and preconceptions about the participants or the phenomenon under research. Interview answers were transcribed and analysed using a combination of systematic data analysis developed by Creswell and Moustakas which was documented by making sense of participants’ experiences and categorizing concepts of interaction between healthcare professionals and injured athletes. Results suggests that healthcare professionals need to be convincing, tactful, assertive, practise mutual respect and be open-minded when interacting with injured athletes in Singapore which are all consistent with previous studies. Therefore, healthcare professionals need to treat injured athletes differently from other patients for them to return to sports quickly yet safely. Keywords: healthcare professionals, injured athletes, interact
Defining the City ‘Trumpeter’: German Civic Identity and the Employment of Brass Instrumentalists, c.1500

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This article examines the employment of brass instrumentalists in German cities around 1500, as a reflection of the political circumstances of the epoch, where rivalry between the distinct components of the social hierarchy encouraged the assertion of power and status through musical patronage. Archival records and contemporary chronicles provide invaluable insights into the performances of civic brass instrumentalists, whether in the provision of signals (by the city watchmen or those who played alongside the cities’ troops) or for the entertainment of the citizens and their guests (within the civic instrumental ensembles – the Stadtpfeifer (‘town pipers’)). Although the use of ambiguous nomenclature in contemporary records can hinder a definitive understanding of the instruments used by these musicians, the musicians different duties within the city walls can often be inferred. Important insights can thereby be gained into the extent of the patronage of these civic brass instrumentalists, their roles within everyday city life, and their resultant contribution to the communication of civic strength to the populace and their guests.
How to build customer relationships management (CRM) to make relationship marketing in the Oriental Swan Restaurant, Soesterberg

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This dissertation is about building Customer Relationships Management program to make the best relationship marketing in The Oriental Swan restaurant in order to achieve more markets as their target market to achieve high income. It is written as the final part of the B.Sc. the Hotel Management Program. Qualitative research has been conducted. This qualitative research begins with literature review that consists of: explaining the definition of marketing, relationship marketing, and customer relationships management, describing to the restaurateurs how to build customer relationships management program in making the relationship marketing, helping the restaurateurs considerate the importance factors which needs to be noticed in building a good customer relationships management program. The second steps are to make more detail information and accurate result, research and analyze all factors that are needed to build customer relationships management program in the Oriental Swan Restaurant, Soesterberg. The observation is also needed to give good analysis, which is based on the literature views such as researching in public electronics access from website, journal research from the academy of marketing science, and handbook?s views. From the whole research are done by direct observation, data analyzing and information from the interviews. Finally, the writers can conclude that the best customer relationships management program, that actualize and realize into relationship marketing is needed considering all aspects influences in order to be appropriate with its concept to get the best results in its implementation. Since this is the first research on building customer relationships management program to make a good relationships marketing in the Oriental Swan Restaurant, Soesterberg. Further research is recommended to give more detail information about this subject. This study can also be used as a starting point for further research.
Variability in cocoon size in southern African wild silk moths: implications for sustainable harvesting

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In southern Africa, two indigenous silk moth species, Gonometa postica and G. rufobrunnea (Lepidoptera : Lasiocampidae), produce commercial-quality silk with fibre that rivals that of the domesticated silkworm and thus has potential for commercial utilization. Although extensive harvesting of cocoons is taking place, little is known of the biology of these two species, including the frequency distribution of cocoon and adult sizes. In both species the sexes differ in size, but the extent of these differences has never been formally quantified. Female cocoons are approximately twice as large as male cocoons, and yield more silk fibre. Thus, sex ratios in natural populations will be important when harvesting cocoons. Our aim was to determine if there are differences in sex-specific cocoon size between : the species; host-plant-specific populations; localities within their distribution range; and between first- and second-generation pupae. The sex ratio and frequency of dwarfism in populations were also determined. Both Gonometa species were significantly sexually dimorphic in cocoon length, width and shape and they could be sexed based on size and shape. Cocoon length was a suitable alternative measure to occupied cocoon mass, and may be used as a rough estimate of silk yield. The sex ratio of both species was approximately 1 : 1 and did not differ consistently between generations. Dwarfs were only found in G. postica populations. Cocoon sizes differed significantly between species, the sexes and localities, but not between generations and host-plant-specific populations. The variability in cocoon sizes found at localities would have implications for silk yields, but sex and species are by far the most important determinants of cocoon size. This information will form the basis of a sustainable harvesting programme for Gonometa spp. in southern Africa.
Force correlations, anisotropy, and friction mobilization in granular assemblies under uniaxial deformation

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We study dense, frictional, polydisperse 3D granular assemblies under uniaxial deformation with Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations. The overall goal – beyond the scope of the present study – is to link microscopic parameters and observations with the macroscopic behavior, for different elementary deformation modes. At present, we focus on the behavior of the force/contact network during uniaxial deformation, for different coefficients of friction. We discuss the stress and structural anisotropy and the relationship between force intensity weighted by contact state (sticking or sliding, at the Coulomb limit) or force strength. Furthermore, we study the orientational distribution of contacts and forces and the contribution of friction to structural anisotropy. We find that initial isotropic states are irrecoverable, since the structural anisotropy is independent of the deviatoric stress behavior both with and without friction. Contacts display an interesting anisotropy of order four in the presence of friction.
RUSSIA’S COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES ABOUT CRIMEA IN SPANISH-LANGUAGE SPUTNIK AND RUSSIA TIMES (2014-2018)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

We analyze Russia's communication strategies in the period leading up to and following the seizure (2014-2018) of the Crimean Peninsula in the Spanish editions of its digital platforms, Sputnik and Russia Times. Drawing from theories of political communication, we show how Russia used storytelling and framing to build an international image and political brand consistent with, and try to justify, its foreign policy actions. Specifically, Russian messages transmit no room for doubt about the legality of any of its strategies in Crimea. We argue that this communication strategy is consistent with the concept of 'sharp power' to describe Russian projection in the world. Cultural and emotional appeals designed to generate positive emotions about Russia, i.e., 'soft power', were far less common. In recent years, Russian projection of sharp power appears to have increased in the Spanish-speaking world, particularly in South America. In addition to helping explain Russian foreign policy, our findings contribute to broader debates about political branding and truth in a 'post-truth', multipolar world.
Evaluation of Myocardial Damage in Dogs with Heat Stroke

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Twenty cases of heat stroke in dogs, observed during hot/hot humid months, were investigated for myocardial damage, if any, employing electrocardiography and estimation of cardiac troponin-I. Heat stroke in dogs was clinically characterized by sudden onset of hyperthermia (temperature > 107.0 °F) during hot/hot humid months, impaired consciousness, severe panting and associated symptoms. Their haemogram reflected thrombocytopenia and increased levels of haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocytes and total leucocytes. Electrocardiographic abnormalities such as sinus tachycardia (heart rate 240 to 320 beats per minutes), ventricular premature complexes (8–10 per minute), ventricular tachycardia (ventricular rate 180–220), ventricular fibrillations, and 3rd degree heart block associated with increased level of cardiac troponin-I (mean 3.34±1.11 ng/ml) suggested myocardial damage in the dogs with heat stroke.
Attracting talent from Indian B-schools through employer branding: a mediation model

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Campus recruiting is strategically important for attracting talent in a competitive market. This paper develops a mediating model to explore the role employer brand image and social networks play in this talent acquisition process. Analysis of data from 124 students of premier business schools in India suggests that the relationship between media presence/publicity and application intentions is mediated by employer brand image. In particular, publicity/media presence is significantly and positively related to application intentions through the two dimensions of employer brand image (perceived job attributes and attitudes). In addition, word-of-mouth endorsements mediate the relationship between publicity and employer brand. To attract the best talent, organisations should work towards increasing their visibility in the media as it helps build the employer brand image due to the influence of social networks.
Meta‐analysis: LAI antipsychotics effective in preventing relapse

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A meta‐analysis encompassing 78 trials has found that most long‐acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics were more efficacious than placebo in preventing relapse in adults with nonaffective psychosis. Individual LAI antipsychotics that demonstrated the most encouraging results for both efficacy and acceptability were aripiprazole, olanzapine, and two formulations of paliperidone. Results of the meta‐analysis were published online on Feb. 18, 2021 in the American Journal of Psychiatry .
From Llorona to Gritona: Coatlicue in Feminist Tales by Viramontes and Cisneros

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article From Llorona to Gritona:1 Coatlicue In Feminist Tales by Viramontes and Cisneros Get access Ana María Carbonell Ana María Carbonell Los Medanos College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MELUS, Volume 24, Issue 2, June 1999, Pages 53–74, https://doi.org/10.2307/467699 Published: 01 June 1999
Hepatic peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1β drives mitochondrial and anabolic signatures that contribute to hepatocellular carcinoma progression in mice

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivator‐1β (PGC‐1 β) is a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism as well as of antioxidant defense. Specifically, in the liver, PGC‐1β also promotes de novo lipogenesis, thus sustaining cellular anabolic processes. Given the relevant pathogenic role of mitochondrial and fatty acid metabolism in hepatocarcinoma (HCC), here we pointed to PGC‐1β as a putative novel transcriptional player in the development and progression of HCC. For this purpose, we generated both hepatic‐specific PGC‐1β‐overexpressing (LivPGC‐1β) and PGC‐1β knockout (LivPGC‐1βKO) mice, and we challenged them with both chemical and genetic models of hepatic carcinogenesis. Our results demonstrate a pivotal role of PGC‐1β in driving liver tumor development. Indeed, whereas mice overexpressing PGC‐1β show greater tumor susceptibility, PGC‐1β knockout mice are protected from carcinogenesis. High levels of PGC‐1β are able to boost reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger expression, therefore limiting the detrimental ROS accumulation and, consequently, apoptosis. Moreover, it supports tumor anabolism, enhancing the expression of genes involved in fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis. Accordingly, the specific hepatic ablation of PGC‐1β promotes the accumulation of ROS‐driven macromolecule damage, finally limiting tumor growth. Conclusion : The present data elect hepatic PGC‐1β as a transcriptional gatekeeper of mitochondrial function and redox status in HCC, orchestrating different metabolic programs that allow tumor progression. (H epatology 2018;67:884–898)
Bingo! One Health

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The promotion of health and education are two of the seventeenth Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations. To this day, antimicrobial resistance remains a global public health challenge, with direct impact in Human, Animal and Environmental Health. As the number of infections associated with antimicrobial resistance increases on a global scale, the recently coined “One Health” concept aims to emphasize the relevance of conjoint efforts to prevent and control infections, as well as to monitor antimicrobial resistance. Having in mind the long road ahead in what comes to the prevention of antimicrobial resistant, it is of the utmost importance to continue to raise awareness about this subject through focused science communication strategies aimed at different population segments. Methods: In this study, we developed a communication strategy, using gamification to raise awareness about antimicrobial resistance. When applied to health communication, gamification has been shown to galvanize the mobilization of scientific concepts. We developed a Bingo game, applied to microbiology, with particular emphasis on the “One Health” concept. The game can be used either by children or adults, being the difference, the rules followed depending on the player's age. Results: It was our aim that this game reached as many players as possible with diverse profiles and from different backgrounds. So, it was presented to a wide range of public from fourth grade to high school students (aged between 9 and 18), universities university students and the general population. While playing, all of the participants were able to collect and apply key concepts in the field of microbiology, namely related to “One Health”. Discussion: Education should be understood and used as a tool for social transformation, and as a resource to achieve social, cultural and economic equity. An informed citizen is more prone to make rational, scientifically sustained and balanced decisions. The use of gamification as a science communication resource in formal, non-formal and informal settings has the potential to empower the population with a set of tools, which can allow them to deal and/or pro-actively participate in infection control.In this study, the use of a wide range of public allowed us to raise awareness at young ages, through the application of key concepts in the area of microbiology, demonstrating the active role that these students can have as citizens and also giving the possibility of transmitting these information for older generations. Conclusion: We believe that this game is an attractive tool to raise awareness on antimicrobial resistance and foster understanding of the “One Health” concept and its implications. The use of active and appealing strategies, often in relaxed environments, aimed at different audiences can ultimately contribute to mobilize citizens into making informed decisions.
The Safety Argumentation Schools of Thought

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Safety cases have been produced and researched for decades. Definitions of `safety case' agree on both the need to generate suitable evidence and the central role of argument. But the relevant literature seems to exhibit multiple schools of thought that are largely unrecognized and somewhat at odds with each other. This paper presents preliminary results from research to identify and characterize the safety case schools of thought so as to reduce confusion and discord in research and practice.
New PID Parameters Tuning Formulae for Relay Feedback Self-tuning

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper presents the way to derive tuning formulae for PID parameters used to relay feedback self-tuning. The method is based on the parameter optimization technology of minimizing the IAE criteria and the technology of data fitting. A simulation example has demonstrated the validity of the new tuning formulae, and the comparison between the new tuning formulae and the ZN tuning formulae and the tuning formulae based on gain margin and phase margin illustrates the priority of the new tuning formulae.