jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Extracting a Bounded Region from a Map Using Flood Fill Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Extracting the needed portion from a bounded region is an important task in image processing. Editing a map and extracting a region from the map is challenging. It is useful in some contexts to have a region in a separate sheet. In this image processing, we have used the Flood Fill algorithm to extract a region from the image map. To achieve that goal, we had worked in our study to separate a bounded region on a map. Usually, a scanned map may contain a lot of useless information. So we have to process the image to remove useless information from the map. We had quantized the image to a binary one. In the second phase, we have applied a gray color to separate the desired position from a map. Our main objective of the study to extract a bounded region from mapping an image that contains useless information and removes it. We have experimented with several maps and it works successfully.
Carpal Joint

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

This chapter describes how to diagnose collateral ligament instability of the carpal joint. Luxation of the antebrachial joint is an extremely rare problem. It implies severe damage to all the supportive structures of this joint. Overall success with surgical management of carpal injuries is very good so owners should be encouraged to seek appropriate treatment for their pet. Many of the carpal injuries and repairs will be protected with a short palmar splint for 4-6 weeks. Proper bandage care with weekly changes will be necessary. Partial carpal arthrodesis carries a good prognosis and low complication rate. The overall function of the carpal joint will be only slightly altered. Pancarpal arthrodesis is a much more involved and detail-oriented surgery, and the function of the carpus will be completely altered; having said that, the outcome for the patient is good. Both these surgeries should be performed by a trained surgeon.
Legal-Conflict Constellations. A Political Approach to the ‘Labour Rights-Human Rights’ Debate

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract The shift towards human rights is a cornerstone of contemporary labour law scholarship. However, the debate primarily follows a naturalistic approach, heavily reliant on an orthodox account of human rights as universal moral claims for all individuals. This article challenges this approach, arguing that it frames the debate in an antagonistic and compartmentalized manner, where the two legal domains are seen as distinct and homogeneous. By adopting a political approach, the article proposes framing the interactions between these legal realms through the notion of legal-conflict constellations, wherein labour-capital conflicts manifest as specific social problems that may be addressed, wholly or partially, through rights discourse. These legal-conflict constellations are built around three interconnected processes: politicization, recentring class and the formation of productive resistance alliances. The article makes the following contributions. First, it situates the debate within the broader context of the reshaping of labour law under neoliberalism. Second, it sheds light on the prevailing naturalistic approach and its shortcomings. Third, it proposes a political approach to the debate, advancing a framework to explore the intricate links between these legal fields.
A percolative approach to resistance fluctuations

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Resistance fluctuations in thin film conductors are studied by a percolation based model. By using a random resistor network, where the elemental resistors are temperature dependent, two competing mechanisms are assumed, a defect generation and a defect recovery. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to investigate the evolution of the macroscopic resistance and resistance noise. Two different regimes are found, one corresponding to stationary resistance fluctuations and the other one leading to failure. Under stationary conditions the excess noise associated with the stochastic defectiveness of the film is found to become non-linear and non-Gaussian at increasing stress current.
Visual event recognition in videos

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The report provides a detailed documentation on the methods implemented and evaluations carried out in this project. The project aims to create a framework with an efficient classifier for visual event recognition in videos. Firstly, a dataset of videos made up of six classes of events were obtained from the Kodak database. Next, the videos are divided into training and testing sets manually. Thereafter, space time interest points feature extraction method was used to extract interest points for all videos. Subsequently, K-mean clustering was used to determine the optimal visual words clusters. For classification use, histograms were formed based on the optimal clusters. K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) were the two classification methods implemented in this project. Finally, the performance of the classifiers was evaluated. The best classifier will be selected to apply in the framework. A user friendly graphical user interface (GUI) was created to implement with the framework for visual event recognition in videos.
Identification of new octamer transcription factor 1‐target genes upregulated in castration‐resistant prostate cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Octamer transcription factor 1 ( OCT 1) is an androgen receptor ( AR )‐interacting partner and regulates the expression of target genes in prostate cancer cells. However, the function of OCT 1 in castration‐resistant prostate cancer ( CRPC ) is not fully understood. In the present study, we used 22Rv1 cells as AR ‐positive CRPC model cells to analyze the role of OCT 1 in CRPC . We showed that OCT 1 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation and migration of 22Rv1 cells. Using microarray analysis, we identified four AR and OCT 1‐target genes, disks large‐associated protein 5 ( DLGAP 5), kinesin family member 15 ( KIF 15), non‐ SMC condensin I complex subunit G ( NCAPG ), and NDC 80 kinetochore complex component ( NUF 2) in 22Rv1 cells. We observed that knockdown of DLGAP 5 and NUF 2 suppresses growth and migration of 22Rv1 cells. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis showed that positive expression of DLGAP 5 in prostate cancer specimens is related to poor cancer‐specific survival rates of patients. Notably, enhanced expression of DLGAP 5 was observed in CRPC tissues of patients. Thus, our findings suggest that these four genes regulated by the AR / OCT 1 complex could have an important role in CRPC progression.
Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance bentazone

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract The conclusions of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) following the peer review of the initial risk assessments carried out by the competent authority of the rapporteur Member State Netherlands, for the pesticide active substance bentazone are reported. The context of the peer review was that required by Commission Regulation (EU) No 1141/2010 as amended by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 380/2013. The conclusions were reached on the basis of the evaluation of the representative uses of bentazone as a herbicide on a variety of crops in the EU. The reliable endpoints concluded as being appropriate for use in regulatory risk assessment, derived from the available studies and literature in the dossier peer reviewed, are presented. Missing information identified as being required by the regulatory framework is listed. Concerns are identified.
Transmedia Sai-lou: The evolution of Hong Kong’s core values through comics, film and street protests

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this article, I investigate the evolution of the core values of the Hong Kong people through the term Sai-lou 細路, by means of storytelling in a transmedia context and with a focus on different historical stages, from approximately the end of the Second World War to the 2014 Umbrella Movement. Using the late 1930s four-panel comic strip, Sai-lou Cheung 細路祥 ( Kiddy Cheung ) created by Yuan Bou-wan 袁步雲 (1922–95) as the origin work for the term, this study examines the core values reflected in the 1950s film Sai-lou Cheung 細路祥 ( The Kid or My Son A-Chang ) starring 9-year-old Bruce Lee, the 1999 film Sai-lou Cheung 細路祥 ( Little Cheung ) directed by Fruit Chan as well as news reports of the 2014 sit-in street protests whose student leaders the public regarded as Sai-lou 細路 (‘kids’).
The timing of asset trade and optimal monetary policy in dynamic open economies

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Using a standard open economy DSGE model, it is shown that the timing of asset trade relative to policy decisions has a potentially important impact on the welfare evaluation of monetary policy at the individual country level. If asset trade in the initial period takes place before the announcement of policy, a national policymaker can choose a policy rule which reduces the work effort of households in the policymaker’s country in the knowledge that consumption is fully insured by optimally chosen international portfolio positions. But if asset trade takes place after the policy announcement, this insurance is absent and households in the policymaker’s country bear the full consumption consequences of the chosen policy rule. The welfare incentives faced by national policymakers are very different between the two cases. Numerical examples confirm that asset market timing has a significant impact on the optimal policy rule.
The Upper Class and Aeroplane Sport between the Wars

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Aeroplane sport had a strong upper-class presence between the wars but upper-class attitudes to aviation sport differed from those found in other sports. Upper-class aviation enthusiasts advocated state financing of aeroplane sport and so in their attempts to promote national 'airmindedness' they were not overly concerned to keep flying socially exclusive. Attempts to encourage the whole nation to take an interest in aviation can be seen as democratic, but as air sport was usually linked with support for imperialism, it can also be regarded as an ideological prop for the existing social and political order.
Three-dimensional (3D) lung segmentation for diagnosis of COVID-19 and the communication of disease impact to the public

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Three individuals were admitted to the hospital (ages 46–56; two men and one woman) with a multiday history of symptoms associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and underwent contrast-enhanced thoracic CT due to worsening symptomatology. Three-dimensional (
Pure water on board

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The ‘Jibon Tari’ (Boat of Life) is a fully equipped floating hospital which since its launch in April 1999 has enabled 31,000 people in the riverine areas of Bangladesh to have access to medical treatment. Over 5,000 operations have been performed to restore sight, hearing or mobility.\nDuring the planning and construction stage it was decided that an essential requirement would be a safe water supply, that could be used with confidence for all clinical procedures\nand drinking purposes. The objective of the IMPACT Foundation was to ensure that the supply on board should meet the WHO guidelines for drinking water.\nInitially it was thought that this could be achieved by purchasing pure water and storing it on tanks on board.\nLater research indicated that this would not only be expensive, but also impractical. Advice was received from our partner organisation in Nepal that a supply of pure water could possibly be achieved by installation of a Reverse Osmosis Water Treatment Plant.
Green manufacturing performance measures: an empirical investigation from Indian manufacturing industries

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to explore the performance measures for the green manufacturing practices in the Indian manufacturing industries. Design/methodology/approach – A tentative list of items/variables was developed for green manufacturing performance measures based on a thorough and detailed analysis of the pertinent literature. The survey questionnaire contained 128 items/variables, developed based on the literature and interviews with nine manufacturing industry experts, specifically green manufacturing areas. A total of 400 questionnaires were mailed out, and 114 were returned, of which 108 were valid, representing a response rate of 27 percent. Using the data collected, the identified items/variables were performed via factor analysis to establish reliability and validity. Findings – A total of 12 performance measures of green manufacturing with their 66 items/variables have been developed: top management commitment, knowledge management, employee training, green product and process design, employee empowerment, environmental health and safety, suppliers and materials management, production planning and control, quality, cost, customer environment performance requirement, customer responsiveness and company growth. Research limitations/implications – This study obtained 108 valid responses from the Indian manufacturing industries; the limitation of the study is the insufficient sampling. Future research needs to be performed using a larger sample and studying more countries. Practical implications – The performance measures developed in this study enables decision makers to assess the perception of green manufacturing in their organization and in prioritizing GM efforts. Originality/value – This study is probably the first to provide an integrative perspective of performance measures for green manufacturing practices in the Indian manufacturing industries. It gives valuable information, which hopefully will help this business sector to accomplish green manufacturing practices. This paper fills the gap in the literature on identification, establishment and validation of performance measures of green manufacturing for Indian manufacturing industries.
Electrical Properties of Organic Light-emitting Diodes Using TCNQ Molecules

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract: Electrical properties of organic light-emitting diodes were studied in a device with 7,7,8,8-tetracyano-quinodimethane (TCNQ) to see how the TCNQ affects on the device performance. Since the TCNQ has a high electron affinity, it is used for a charge-transport and injection layer. We have made a reference device in a structure of ITO(170 nm)/TPD(40 nm)/Alq3(60 nm)/LiF(0.5 nm)/Al(100 nm). And two types of devices were manufactured. One type of device is the one made by doping 5 and 10 vol % of TCNQ to N,N&apos;-diphenyl-N,N&apos;-di(m-tolyl)-benzidine (TPD) layer. And the other type is the one made with TCNQ layer inserted in between the ITO anode and TPD organic layer. Organic layers were formed by thermal evaporation at a pressure of 10-6 torr. It was found that for the TCNQ doped devices, turn-on voltage of the device was reduced by about 20 % and the current efficiency was improved by about three times near 6 V. And for devices with TCNQ layer inserted in between the ITO anode and TPD layer, it was found that the current efficiency was improved by more than three times even though
Multipurpose microphone array using Raspberry Pi and MATRIX Creator

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

A microphone array is a set of microphones operating in tandem. It is essential in the field of speech enhancement and can improve the overall robustness of the speech recognition system. With the popularity of Smart Home Assistant devices with a microphone array, such as Amazon Echo, microphone array has proved its usefulness in the field of speech enhancement. Although microphone array is an area of interest in research, the existing products with microphone array are either not easily customizable or lack flexibility in deployment. These obstacles hinder the research into the microphone array. Therefore, this project proposes a pioneering solution of a multipurpose microphone array using MATRIX Creator and Raspberry Pi, to aid the research of microphone array by being easy to customize and flexible to deploy, and to demonstrate its potential applications in speech recognition. For maximum flexibility, this project embraces a fully wireless architecture and allows the microphone array to stream multichannel audio to a remote PC besides saving internally. This project shall also develop real-time Automatic Speech Recognition capability using Google Cloud Speech as its potential application. Keeping the real world applications in mind, the functionalities developed in this project for the multipurpose microphone array are real-time capable. Moreover, multiple devices can record in synchronous through network-based synchronization. This project also developed a Control Terminal For efficient management of deployed devices. Numerous end-to-end tests have verified that the system works correctly in real time condition. Despite various challenges, this project has achieved its original objectives of developing a multipurpose microphone array that is easy to customize and flexible to deploy and demonstrated its potential of real-time Automatic Speech Recognition.
Analysis of Performance Sensitivity to Geometrical Variations of a Modern Helicopter Engine Combustor Using LES Simulations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

When a gas turbine combustor is manufactured, small geometrical differences between production runs are unavoidable. These geometrical differences potentially influence performances such as service life, lighting, lean blow off, pollutant emissions. To ensure performances, manufacturing tolerances are kept tight enough so as to neglect their impact. However, loosening some key manufacturing tolerances can result in lower manufacturing costs, while maintaining combustion performances at a satisfactory level. The present study aims at challenging some cost-driving manufacturing tolerances of Safran Helicopter Engines new turboshaft combustor, using state-of-the-art 3D numerical tools. The objective is to guarantee robust and long lasting combustor performances at a reasonable manufacturing cost. To this purpose, an optimized Latin Hypercube Sampling of 30 geometrical configurations around the nominal geometry has been simulated with a 3D LES solver. Simulation parameters had to be chosen to keep computation costs manageable and to have a high representability when comparing geometries. These aspects are checked using theoretical considerations and comparisons with both experimental data and previously validated simulations. The temperature field at the combustion chamber exhaust has been analyzed in detail using metamodeling. In particular, the Radial Temperature Distribution Factor (RTDF) at the combustor outlet appears to be robust. Such large designs of numerical experiments (DonE) are computationally expensive but they provide a reliable tool to assess the robustness of a combustor design, and define optimized manufacturing tolerances.
Biological activities of isolated phenolic compounds from Trachelospermum asiaticum var. intermedium nakai

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

This study provided the evidence activity for biological of phenolic compounds from Trachelospermum asiaticum var. intermedium nakaier as a beauty food. The contents of phenolic compounds in water and 70% ethanol extracts were 16.8 mg/g and 38.1 mg/g, respectively. DPPH free radical scavenging activities of water and ethanol extracts at 100 μg/mL of phenolic concentration were 80.9% and 83.1%, respectively. ABTS radical decolorization activity was 95.0% in water extracts and 95.8% in ethanol extracts at 200 μg/mL phenolic concentration. Antioxidant protection factor (PF) was determined to 2.43 and 2.45 PF in water extracts and ethanol extracts at 100 μg/mL phenolic concentration. TBARs of water and ethanol extracts were 89.9% and 89.3% each at 200 μg/mL phenolic concentration. The inhibitory effect of ethanol extracts at 200 μg/mL phenolic concentration on xanthine oxidase was 50.5%. The inhibitory activity of a-glucosidase was 92.6% in ethanol extracts at 200 μg/mL phenolic concentration. As a result, this study will provide valuable information as a functional material with antioxidant activity, inhibitory activities of xanthin oxidase and α-glucosidase.
Merging the MODIS and NESDIS Monthly Snow-Cover Records to Study Decade-Scale Changes in Northern Hemisphere Snow Cover

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

A decade-scale record of Northern Hemisphere snow cover has been available from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (NESDIS) and has been reconstructed and validated by Rutgers University following adjustments for inconsistencies that were discovered in the early years of the data set. This record provides weekly, monthly (and, in recent years, daily) snow cover from 1966 to the present for the Northern Hemisphere. With the December 1999 launch of NASA's Earth observing System (EOS) Terra satellite, snow maps are being produced globally, using automated algorithms, on a daily, weekly and monthly basis from the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument. The resolution of the MODIS monthly snow maps (0.05deg or about 5 km) is an improvement over that of the NESDIS-derived monthly snow maps (>approx.10 km) the maps, it is necessary to study the datasets carefully to determine if it is possible to merge the datasets into a continuous record. The months in which data are available for both the NESDIS and MODIS maps (March 2000 to the present) will be compared quantitatively to analyze differences in North American and Eurasian snow cover. Results from the NESDIS monthly maps show that for North America (including all 12 months), there is a trend toward slightly less snow cover in each succeeding decade. Interannual snow-cover extent has varied significantly since 2000 as seen in both the NESDIS and MODIS maps. As the length of the satellite record increases through the MODIS era, and into the National Polar-orbiting Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) era, it should become easier to identify trends in areal extent of snow cover, if present, that may have climatic significance. Thus it is necessary to analyze the validity of merging the NESDIS and MODIS, and, in the future, the NPOESS datasets for determination of long-term continuity in measurement of Northern Hemisphere snow cover.