jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Trigeminal neuralgia and tumors of the cerebellopontile angle].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In the last 10 years from 1972 to 1981 one hundred patients with trigeminal neuralgia were treated. The routine surgical treatment included Dandy's operation in microsurgical modification. In 8 cases cerebellopontine angle tumours were unexpectedly found, and were accepted as the cause of trigeminal neuralgia. In 8 cases neither clinical examination nor radiological investigations gave any suggestions of a tumour as the cause of neuralgia before the operation, although the tumours had from 1 to 5 cm in diameter. The tumours were: cholesteatoma in 4 cases, acoustic neurinoma in 2 cases, meningioma in 2 cases. After a survey of the pertinent literature the author discusses the clinical differences between supratentorial and infratentorial tumours causing trigeminal neuralgia reaching the conclusion that trigeminal neuralgia may be a sign of mainly posterior fossa tumours, with the exception of trigeminal neurinomas which nearly never produce typical trigeminal neuralgia.
Unsaturated heterocyclic systems. XC. Uniparticulate electrophilic addition as a probe of possible bicycloaromatic and antibicycloaromatic carbonium ion character. Reactions of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate with exocyclic methylene precursors to such cations

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUnsaturated heterocyclic systems. XC. Uniparticulate electrophilic addition as a probe of possible bicycloaromatic and antibicycloaromatic carbonium ion character. Reactions of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate with exocyclic methylene precursors to such cationsLeo A. Paquette and Michael J. BroadhurstCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 10, 1893–1902Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1973https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00950a024Request reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A feasible work-piece placement method for contact-type operations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A method to find a feasible work-piece location for a given desired task-space trajectory is presented in this paper. By making use of the operational space control framework [1], this paper proposes a method to assist the search of the work-piece location with respect to the robot in such a way that the path reachability is always guaranteed. The method proposed in this work does not require the solutions of the inverse kinematics problem, thus, this method is expected to have more flexibility and generality in practice. In addition, since the internal robot posture can be controlled through the null-space controller, optimization of the work-piece placement could be achieved by imposing artificial constrains at the robot joints/links. Simulation is provided to show the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.
Emotional intelligence in adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Impairments in social interactions are considered core symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Given recent findings demonstrating a relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and social outcomes, this research examined the EI of adolescents with ASD to generate novel information for addressing their social deficits. Twenty-five adolescents with ASD and 25 typical adolescents (13 -17 years) completed a battery of tests examining their intellect, EI, and social skills. Their parents also provided information regarding their social skills. The findings revealed that aspects of both trait and ability EI were significantly weaker in adolescents with ASD. In addition, while the ability EI model did not predict the social outcomes of this group, the trait EI model was able to predict 32% of self-reported interpersonal skills and 30% of parent-reported social skills. Implications for the development of social skill interventions for this group and future research are discussed.
Equivalence of finite group actions on Riemann surfaces and algebraic curves

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We consider conformal actions of the finite groupGGon a closed Riemann surfaceSS, as well as algebraic actions ofGGon smooth, complete, algebraic curves over an arbitrary, algebraically closed field. There are several notions of equivalence of actions, the most studied of which is topological equivalence, because of its close relationship to the branch locus of moduli space. A second important equivalence relation is that induced by representation ofGGon spaces of holomorphicqq-differentials. The notion of topological equivalence does not work well in positive characteristic. We shall discuss an alternative to topological equivalence, which we dub equisymmetry, that may be applied in all characteristics. The relation is induced by families of curves withGG-action, and it works well with rotation constants andqq-differentials, which are also defined in positive characteristic. After giving an overview of the various equivalence relations (conformal/algebraic, topological,qq-differentials, rotation constants, equisymmetry) we focus on the interconnections among rotation constants,qq-differentials, and equisymmetry.
Impact of Intraoperative Events on Cerebral Tissue Oximetry in Patients Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Previous studies showed that decreased cerebral saturation during cardiac surgery is related to adverse postoperative outcome. Therefore, we investigated the influence of intraoperative events on cerebral tissue saturation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). A total of 52 adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery using pulsatile CPB were included in this prospective explorative study. Cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (SctO 2 ) was measured in both the left and right cerebral hemisphere. Intraoperative events, involving interventions performed by anesthesiologist, surgeon, and clinical perfusionist, were documented. Simultaneously, in-line hemodynamic parameters (partial oxygen pressure, partial carbon dioxide pressure, hematocrit, arterial blood pressure, and CPB flow rates) were recorded. Cerebral tissue saturation was affected by anesthetic induction ( p < .001), placement of the sternal retractor ( p < .001), and initiation ( p < .001) as well as termination of CPB ( p < .001). Placement ( p < .001) and removal of the aortic cross-clamp ( p = .026 for left hemisphere, p = .048 for right hemisphere) led to changes in cerebral tissue saturation. In addition, when placing the aortic cross-clamp, hematocrit ( p < .001) as well as arterial ( p = .007) and venous ( p < .001) partial oxygen pressures changed. Cerebral tissue oximetry effectively identifies changes related to surgical events or vulnerable periods during cardiac surgery. Future studies are needed to identify methods of mitigating periods of reduced cerebral saturation.
Evaluation of the Chromogenic Medium ( CPS ) in the Isolation and Identification of Urinary Tract Pathogens

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Background: Urine cultures constitute the majority of the workload for a microbiology laboratory with only 20%-30% of urine sample resulting in significant growth. Chromogenic media (CM) are available for urine specimens to enable rapid identification of common pathogens and also has been reported to increase mixed culture detection, reducing unnecessary workup. Chromogenic media offers the potential to lower costs by providing decreased work time, storage space and identification costs. Objectives: The present study focused on evaluation of the chromogenic medium (CPS) for the diagnosis of UTI in comparison with CLED as a conventional medium. Methodology: Over the period of January to July 2014, fifty urine samples with >100 pus cells /HPF were examined. CPS and CLED media were used for direct inoculation in addition to conventional biochemical reactions and/or API as needed. Results: In comparison with CLED, CPS showed a sensitivity of 93.5%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value of 57.1% and total agreement of 94%. The sensitivity of CPS for E. coli was 95%, for KESC was 75%, for Proteeae was 100% and for Enterococcus was 100%. The specificity of CPS for detection of E. coli was 100%, for KESC was 100%, for Proteeae was 97.9% and for Enterococcus was 100%. Conclusion: CPS proved to be a rapid, cost-effective diagnostic method for urinary tract infections. Therefore, CPS can replace the standard primary plating media used in routine diagnosis of urinary tract infection
Neonatal Outcomes Associated With Personalized Text Messages for Diabetes Self-Management in Pregnancy [ID: 1373396]

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: The objective was to determine whether providing individualized text messages regarding diabetes management improved compliance with care and pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: Institutional review board committee approval was obtained for the study. Pregnant women with type 2 (T2) and gestational diabetes (GDM) were randomized into two groups. The “contact-control” group was enrolled in the Text4baby program, which provides nonpersonalized educational text messages throughout pregnancy. The intervention group (Text4diabetes) received individualized text messages regarding upcoming appointments, current insulin regimen, and encouragement to keep and submit glucose logs for review. The primary outcome is compliance (data not yet analyzed). This analysis assesses neonatal outcomes, including perinatal loss (>24 weeks), delivery gestational age (GA), arterial cord pH less than 7.1, 5-minute Apgar less than 7, large-for-gestational-age (LGA) status, need for glucose supplementation, intubation, and surfactant administration. RESULTS: One hundred forty-four women with T2 or GDM were randomized. Both groups had similar numbers of women with T2 diabetes (33% and 31%) and history of GDM in prior pregnancy (21% and 19%). The Text4diabetes group had fewer deliveries less than 35 weeks, fewer LGA infants, and fewer surfactant administrations. A composite of adverse neonatal outcomes, including LGA status, delivery less than 35 weeks GA, arterial cord pH less than 7.1, and need for surfactant administration, showed fewer adverse outcomes in the Text4diabetes group. No findings, however, reached statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Text messages aimed at improving compliance with diabetes care in pregnancy did not significantly affect neonatal outcomes. Correlation with compliance results is needed to see whether improved compliance improved neonatal outcomes.
SH3346614.08FU

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
Research on Influence of Clopidogrel on Life Quality in Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack and its Influencing Factors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: To analyze the basic situation and health related quality of life (HRQOL) results of patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA), and to study the influencing factors of health related quality of life in patients receiving clopidogrel. Method: Divide the TIA patients into clopidogrel group, aspirin group and untreated group. Measure HRQOL scores of TIA patients using the short form 36 questionnaire (SF-36) scale and analyze influencing factors of HRQOL with one-way ANOVA and multivariate stepwise linear regression statistical methods. Results: The differences of HRQOL scores among three groups are of statistical significance (F = 4.29, P = 0.00). There is no difference in HRQOL score between clopidogrel group and aspirin group (t = 5.35, P = 0.00), but HRQOL scores of clopidogrel group and aspirin group are higher than those of the untreated group (t = 6.14, P = 0.00; t = 5.16, P = 0.00). The HRQOL scores of clopidogrel group are positively correlated with diet, exercise, gender and family harmony (P < 0.05), but negatively correlated with diabetes, hypertension, smoking, drinking, hyperlipidemia, age, career and ABCD2 score (P < 0.05). Conclusion: TIA patients who received secondary prevention with clopidogrel and aspirin show better life quality results than those who did not. There were many factors influencing clopidogrel's treatment effect. Paying attention to middle-aged and elderly, the obese, mental workers and female TIA patients, teach TIA patients to quit smoking, drinking and eating low-salt and low-fat food, actively treating their hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes and laying emphasis on psychological counseling and exercise can significantly improve the treatment effect of clopidogrel.
Catecholaminergic Modulation of Metacontrol Is Reflected by Changes in Aperiodic EEG Activity

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract Background “Metacontrol” describes the ability to maintain an optimal balance between cognitive control styles that are either more persistent or more flexible. Recent studies have shown a link between metacontrol and aperiodic EEG patterns. The present study aimed to gain more insight into the neurobiological underpinnings of metacontrol by using methylphenidate (MPH), a compound known to increase postsynaptic catecholamine levels and modulate cortical noise. Methods In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study design, we investigated the effect of MPH (0.5 mg/kg) on aperiodic EEG activity during a flanker task in a sample of n = 25 neurotypical adults. To quantify cortical noise, we employed the fitting oscillations and one over f algorithm. Results Compared with placebo, MPH increased the aperiodic exponent, suggesting that it reduces cortical noise in 2 ways. First, it did so in a state-like fashion, as the main effect of the drug was visible and significant in both pre-trial and within-trial periods. Second, the electrode-specific analyses showed that the drug also affects specific processes by dampening the downregulation of noise in conditions requiring more control. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the aperiodic exponent provides a neural marker of metacontrol states and changes therein. Further, we propose that the effectiveness of medications targeting catecholaminergic signaling can be evaluated by studying changes of cortical noise, fostering the idea of using the quantification of cortical noise as an indicator in pharmacological treatment.
The Development of Childhood Multilingualism in Languages of Different Modalities

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Multilingualism is not only limited to people or communities using multiple spoken languages, and complex linguistic diversity of signing communities is often seen among signers. This chapter focuses on the special type of multilingualism of children who are acquiring both sign language(s) and spoken language(s) from their linguistic environment, also referred to as bimodal multilingualism. As sign languages and spoken languages are partly produced and received in two different modalities (visual-gestural and vocal-auditory), the multilingualism of these children involves two different modalities. This chapter discusses the bimodal multilingualism of hearing and deaf children who are acquiring both sign and spoken languages. The chapter describes the multifaceted linguistic landscape and environment of bimodal multilingual children, the access of bimodal multilingual children to different languages, and the use of different languages in a variety of social contexts. Additionally, the chapter illustrates the process of bimodal multilingual language acquisition and challenges to maintain the acquired language abilities as heritage language users, as well as the attainments and usage of hybrid linguistic resources.
Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells for Chronic Wounds: Scientific Evidence and Roadmap Toward Clinical Practice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Chronic wounds, ie, non-healing ulcers, have a prevalence of ~1% in the general population. Chronic wounds strongly affect the quality of life and generate considerable medical costs. A fraction of chronic wounds will heal within months of appropriate treatment; however, a significant fraction of patients will develop therapy-refractory chronic wounds, leading to chronic pain, infection, and amputation. Given the paucity of therapeutic options for refractory wounds, cell therapy and in particular the use of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASC) has emerged as a promising concept. ASC can be used as autologous or allogeneic cells. They can be delivered in suspension or in 3D cultures within scaffolds. ASC can be used without further processing (stromal vascular fraction of the adipose tissue) or can be expanded in vitro. ASC-derived non-cellular components, such as conditioned media or exosomes, have also been investigated. Many in vitro and preclinical studies in animals have demonstrated the ASC efficacy on wounds. ASC efficiency appears to occurs mainly through their regenerative secretome. Hitherto, the majority of clinical trials focused mainly on safety issues. However more recently, a small number of randomized, well-controlled trials provided first convincing evidences for a clinical efficacy of ASC-based chronic wound therapies in humans. This brief review summarizes the current knowledge on the mechanism of action, delivery and efficacy of ASC in chronic wound therapy. It also discusses the scientific and pharmaceutical challenges to be solved before ASC-based wound therapy enters clinical reality.
Datasets for "Quantitative Assessment of Grasping Strength in Platyrrhine Monkeys"

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Data associated with the manuscript "Quantitative Assessment of Grasping Strength in Platyrrhine Monkeys" by Young et al. Data include in vivo grasping force data from squirrel monkeys and marmosets (Study1_GraspingForceData.xlsx), digital flexor muscle physiological cross-sectional data from a variety of platyrrhines (Study2_MuscleData.xlsx), and the phylogenetic tree of the platyrrhines for which muscle data were collected (Study2_PlatyrrhineTree.nex).
Impact of Symptoms Duration in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is There Any Meaningful Link?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim: To examine the relationship of duration of symptoms with the disease outcomes in patients with COPD. Background: COPD patients have varying degree of symptoms. We hypothesized that duration of symptoms may be useful to understand the disease progression. Methods: This observational study carried out in England. The patients were recruited and followed up between September 1999 and December 2002 and then 2007-2008, respectively. Patient’s demographics were recorded. Medical Research Council Dyspnoea (D) score were used to measure degree of breathlessness and spirometry were utilized to evaluate the severity of disease. Patients were asked about the COPD symptoms and for how long they have these symptoms including shortness of breath, cough, and the duration of their symptoms. Results: A total of 269 subjects were recruited. Of those 227 were with the diagnosis of COPD and 42 as non COPD or control group. The data is normally distributed. The study results show that there is a strong correlation between duration of symptoms and physiological variables both at baseline and at follow up. These include age (p=0.04), pack years (p=0.02), MRC score (p=0.04) and FEV1 (p<0.001).When GOLD stages of severity were used to explore the relationship; it becomes evident that patients with higher GOLD stage had longer duration of symptoms. Conclusion: These findings indicate the possible role of considering duration of symptoms as a useful marker of disease progression and its relationship with other disease outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.
Study of Zinc Diffusion Effect in High-Speed InP-Based Mach-Zehnder Modulators

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We investigate the impact of Zinc diffusion on the modulation efficiency, absorption loss and 3-dB modulation bandwidth of high-speed InP-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) modulators. By analyzing the electric-optical field distribution and capacitive-loaded traveling-wave electrode of MZI modulators with various waveguide structures under Zn diffusion effect, we show that InP-based MZI modulators will endure severe performance degradation when Zn diffuses into the active region during MOCVD epitaxy process. Quantitative analysis on modulation efficiency, absorption loss and 3-dB modulation bandwidth are demonstrated by commercial simulation software.