jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Catamenia y cambios endometriales en usuarias a anovulatorios orales combinados

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We prospectively studied 237 users of combined oral contraceptives, evaluating changes in catamenia and endometrial histological findings. progressive decline of the rule which in some cases to amenorrhea, and spotting was found in the first cycles of treatment. In the histological study of the endometrium it was taken as parameter changes in the glandular epithelium, stroma and vessels. The epithelium was a large percentage of glandular atrophy. In the stroma he predominated predecidual metaplasia and edema; Total found no fibrosis, and vascular changes predominant vascular dilation and less prominence. The decline of the menstrual flow is directly related to the findings described; also produced endometrial atrophy is completely reversible, since no fibrous lesion, but this is due to the reduction of glandular and stromal components. No photo found premalignancy or neoplastic lesions.
Study on Thick Film Humidity Sensor using PVA-Gelatin-SnO2 Sensing Layer

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this research, various compositions of sensing layers have been studied for their use in humidity sensors. Materials used for the sensing layers were Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA), Gelatin, and Tin Oxide (SnO2). The sensor device was designed and fabricated using thick film technology through screen printing techniques on Alumina (Al2O3) substrates, with Silver-Palladium (AgPd) as the electrode material. The number of electrode fingers was varied to obtain optimum sensor resistance values. The PVA sensing layer was combined with gelatin and various compositions of SnO2 to study their effect on the sensor response to humidity. The sensor devices were tested in a custom chamber with varying humidity levels from 50% to 90%. The results showed that the sensor based on the PVAGelatin-SnO2 (PGS) sensing layer had higher resistance values and more sensitive responses than the sensor without gelatin. The hydrophilic nature of gelatin has been found to contribute significantly to the water sensitivity of the matrix. In addition, the difference in the number of fingers of the sensor electrode and the addition of SnO2 also affect the resistance value.
Supplementary Figure 2 from NF-κB2/p52:c-Myc:hnRNPA1 Pathway Regulates Expression of Androgen Receptor Splice Variants and Enzalutamide Sensitivity in Prostate Cancer

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>Supplementary Figure 2. qPCR analysis of AR variant levels in PCa cells after down- or up-regulation of hnRNPA1</p>
A cooperative remote rehabilitation system

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper a new architecture for robotic rehabilitation is introduced. The mutual interaction between the therapist and patient is accomplished with robots. The architecture divides the system into three subsystems: therapist, patient, and virtual environment, which is controlled locally ensuring that it is input to state stable (ISS). Finally, the interconnection of these subsystems are shown to be stable in the presence of communication time delays. The defined scenario for the proposed architecture is as follows. The patient is considered to be generative in first stage of the rehabilitation process, which means that she/he moves the interacted robot without help from the therapist, until loosing her/his strength. Afterward, in the second stage the therapist assists her/him to continue the movement. Therefore, the patient is active at the first stage and switches to passive mode in the second stage. Hence, the controllers should deal with active robots in the teleoperation as well as passive ones. Finally, simulation results are given to validate the performance of the proposed structure.
Integrated Weed Management Studies in Pigeonpea+Pearl millet Intercropping (2: 2) System

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Pendimethalin at 1.50 kg ha−1+one hand weeding at 40 DAS inpigeonpea+pearl millet intercropping system showed better performance in respect of yield, net return and B: C ratio. Weed control efficiency was found to be superior in the weed-free treatment followed by pendimethalin at 1.50 kg ha−1+one hand weeding at 40 DAS.
The Grove Companion to Samuel Beckett: A Reader's Guide to His Works, Life, and Thought

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

"The Grove Companion to Samuel Beckett is the most comprehensive reference to the concepts, characters, and biographical details mentioned by, or related to the author Samuel Beckett. Painstakingly and lovingly compiled by Beckett scholars C. J. Ackerley and S. E. Gontarski, it is alphabetical, cross-referenced, and laid out in a user-friendly format. The Grove Companion to Samuel Beckett provides a wealth of information for students and scholars alike, and is a must for any serious reader of Beckett."--BOOK JACKET.
Cash holding management for self-financing phase-able and non-phase-able project portfolio selection and scheduling problems

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article presents a novel mathematical model for managing the level of cash reserves for the self-financing phase-able as well as non-phase-able project portfolio selection and scheduling problems. Practically, the executive managers of project-oriented organizations tend to keep cash within their organization to increase their decision-making power. Although this allows managers and investors to invest in future economic projects, it imposes opportunity costs on owners and investors, in which case maintaining cash reserves can turn out to be a major challenge between owners and executive managers. This issue becomes more acute when the project-based organization operates self-financing. Because the financing is limited to the revenues of the finished projects, money withdrawn from the project account without proper management exacerbates financial constraints. Consequently, managers will bypass some future valuable investment opportunities. In this article, from the point of view of cash holding, the expectations of managers and investors in a self-financing phase-able and non-phase-able project-based organization will be met simultaneously. The proposed model is a nonlinear integer program. After linearization, an example is provided to illustrate the applicability and performance of the proposed model.
Treatment of a low concentration industrial chemicals mixture in an UASB reactor

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

A wastewater containing a mixture of methanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, acetic anhydride, methyl, ethyl and isopropyl acetate, acrylic acid, butyl and methyl acrylate, o, m and p-xylene and styrene was fed to an UASB reactor. Isopropanol addition diminished the removal efficiency to 60% and required a long adaptation time for its total mineralization. When acrylic acid was added to the mixture, the removal dropped to 83% and recovered after 40 days. As for the rest of the substrates, p-m-o-xylene addition had no effect on reactor performance, although in batch assays it showed low mineralization. Also the effect of volumetric organic load on removal efficiency was followed up. After diminishing the HRT to 4 and 3 h yielding 4.8 and 6.5 gCOD L−1 d−1, removal efficiencies decreased to 79 and 74% respectively.
Absorptive corrections to the forward elastic proton-proton analyzing power A<sub>N</sub>

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In the RHIC Polarized Atomic Hydrogen Gas Jet Target (HJET) measurements of the protonproton analyzing power A<sub>N</sub>(t), absorptive corrections to the electromagnetic form factor were not considered in the data analysis. Recently, these corrections were evaluated theoretically. However, the results were presented in form of integral expressions which were calculated numerically. In this note, the expressions are simplified to make them more suitable for the HJET data analysis. Possible effect of the absorptive corrections in the A<sub>N</sub>(t) measurement is discussed.
International operations strategies: effects on firm performanceand the influence of institutional distance

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The focus of this dissertation is an analysis of business internationalization strategies. Specifically, the main purpose of this research is to analyse the determinants and implications of different international operations strategies. On the one hand, it focuses on studying determining factors in entry mode choice, particularly how certain institutional factors can affect this kind of decision making. On the other hand, it features an analysis of the impact of different international operations strategies on different business results, such as sales growth and propensity for innovation.
Effects of Cane Emergence Time, Bending, and Defoliation on Flowering and Yield in Primocane-Fruiting Blackberry

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Primocane-fruiting (PF) blackberries are adaptable to different production systems. To increase yields in PF blackberries, their primocanes are typically tipped or topped in summer to encourage branch formation from axillary buds below the cut. In this study, we determined in PF &lsquo;Prime-Ark Traveler&rsquo; whether early emerging primocanes were more productive than those that emerged later in the season and the effect of primocane bending and defoliation on flowering. The primocanes that emerged in April produced 64% more flower shoots than those that emerged after May. Also, these findings indicate the alternative primocane management practices of selecting the early emerging primocanes and bending to orient primocanes horizontally and leaf removal increase budbreak and flower shoot emergence. The present work contributes toward a better understanding of primocane emergence time and orientation-flowering relations and how they mediate crop performance in PF blackberry.
Human Heart Mitochondrial DNA Is Organized in Complex Catenated Networks Containing Abundant Four-way Junctions and Replication Forks

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Analysis of human heart mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) by electron microscopy and agarose gel electrophoresis revealed a complete absence of the θ-type replication intermediates seen abundantly in mtDNA from all other tissues. Instead only Y- and X-junctional forms were detected after restriction digestion. Uncut heart mtDNA was organized in tangled complexes of up to 20 or more genome equivalents, which could be resolved to genomic monomers, dimers, and linear fragments by treatment with the decatenating enzyme topoisomerase IV plus the cruciform-cutting T7 endonuclease I. Human and mouse brain also contained a population of such mtDNA forms, which were absent, however, from mouse, rabbit, or pig heart. Overexpression in transgenic mice of two proteins involved in mtDNA replication, namely human mitochondrial transcription factor A or the mouse Twinkle DNA helicase, generated abundant four-way junctions in mtDNA of heart, brain, and skeletal muscle. The organization of mtDNA of human heart as well as of mouse and human brain in complex junctional networks replicating via a presumed non-θ mechanism is unprecedented in mammals.
Passively transferred experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) was passively transferred with immunoglobulin from rats with chronic EAMG to normal recipients. IgG and C3 were localized on terminal expansions of junctional folds of end-plates by 6 hours. Segments of folds rich in acetylcholine receptor (AChR) and coated with IgG and C3 were shed into the synaptic space by 24 hours, resulting in AChR deficiency of the postsynaptic membrane. Many sensitized postsynaptic regions were destroyed by macrophages by day 2, but effective nerve-muscle contacts were reestablished by day 5. On day 10, end-plates were still structurally abnormal and showed AChR deficiency, but the animals were clinically recovered. On day 54, postsynaptic regions were still reduced in size, with slight reduction of postsynaptic AChR. Throughout the study, the miniature end-plate potential amplitude tended to vary directly with morphometric estimates of the abundance of the postsynaptic membrane reacting for AChR. Complement-mediated injury to the junctional folds and opsonization of the postsynaptic region can explain the morphologic changes. It is not yet known why phagocytic invasion of the end-plate occurs in acute EAMG and in passively transferred EAMG induced by chronic EAMG immuglobulin, but not in chronic EAMG and only rarely in the human disease.
Analyses of locomotion, wing morphology, and microbiome in Drosophila nigrosparsa after recovery from antibiotics

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abstract Antibiotics, such as tetracycline, have been frequently used to cure arthropods of Wolbachia endosymbionts. After the symbionts have been removed, the hosts must recover for some generations from the side effects of the antibiotics. However, most studies do not assess the direct and indirect longer‐term effects of antibiotics used to remove Wolbachia , which may question the exact contribution of this endosymbiont to the effects observed. Here, we used the fly Drosophila nigrosparsa treated or not with tetracycline for three generations followed by two generations of recovery to investigate the effects of this antibiotic on the fly locomotion, wing morphology, and the gut microbiome. We found that antibiotic treatment did not affect fly locomotion two generations after being treated with the antibiotic. In addition, gut‐microbiome restoration was tested as a more efficient solution to reduce the potential side effects of tetracycline on the microbiome. There was no significant difference in alpha diversity between gut restoration and other treatments, but the abundance of some bacterial taxa differed significantly between the gut‐restoration treatment and the control. We conclude that in D. nigrosparsa the recovery period of two generations after being treated with the antibiotic is sufficient for locomotion, and suggest a general assessment of direct and indirect effects of antibiotics after a particular recovery time.
N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov’s “Kashchey the Immortal”: From the Text of the Fairy Tale to the Text of the Opera

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

“Kashchey the Immortal” (1902) became one of the most notable operas-tales of N. A. Rimsky- \nKorsakov. This article is devoted to the history of the libretto text’s creation. It is associated \nwith E. M. Petrovsky who originally worked on the text and was an employee of the Russian \nmusical newspaper, journalist, and writer. Petrovsky proposed his own text, primarily in the \nsymbolic style, to the composer. Preserved musical and epistolary documents of Rimsky-Korsakov \nshow that while working on the opera, already having completed the music for two of \nthe three parts, the composer rejected Petrovsky’s text and wrote its own version, relying on \nRussian folk tales, predominantly A. N. Afanasyev’s collection, and introduced literary and \nmusical corrections into the prepared text. The final version of Rimsky-Korsakov’s “literary \nfairy tales” fit well into his modern field of work in this genre of famous writers at the turn \nof the 19th and 20th centuries, although he was much inferior to them on an artistic level. In \naddition, the particular design of the literary and musical texts allow one to speak of Rimsky- \nKorsakov’s introduction of elements of the “antiskazka,” in particular the interpretation \nof traditional images and typical situations. “Kashchey the Immortal” became the antithesis \nof other operas by the composer, primarily “Snow Maiden” written earlier, and this did not \nprevent the creation of composer from becoming persuasive, an innovative musical interpretation \nof an opera’s literary idea.
Nietzsche and the Purpose of university education

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

대학 교육은 어떤 방향으로 나아가야 하는가? 물론 21세기, 과학기술의 혁신, 지식혁명과 정보사회화, 대학 교육의 대중화 등에 따른 여러 변화를 외면할 수는 없다. 현대사회는 과학기술사회이다. 우리의 삶 전체는 근본적으로 과학기술문명에 뿌리를 두고 있다. 그렇기 때문에 대학은 이러한 사회를 더욱 발전시키고 이끌어 나갈 인재를 키우기 위해 전문적인 직업교육을 시켜야 하는 것은 당연하다. 하지만 대학 교육의 목적이 직업교육과 실용교육에만 있다고 말할 수 없을 것이다. 대학 교육의 목적은 교양교육을 바탕으로 하면서 전문적인 직업교육으로 나아가는 방향 속에서 균형 잡힌 전인적 인간상을 길러내는 데 있기 때문이다. 만약 이러한 대학 교육의 본래 목적을 포기하게 되면 대학의 본질과 역할은 상실될 것이다. 본 논문은 대학이 그 본래의 목적과 달리 국가와 경제에 종속되어 실용화되어가는 19세기 후반기의 상황 속에서 대학 교육의 목적에 대해 성찰했던 니체의 교육 철학에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 논문은 우선 대학의 역사적 형성과 형성기의 대학의 목적에 대해서 서술할 것이고, 니체가 당대의 대학 상황을 어떻게 비판하는지를 살펴볼 것이고, 니체의 속물교양 개념에 대해서 논의한 후, 직업교육과 교양교육, 그리고 교양의 이상에 대해서 논의할 것이다. 끝으로 대학 교육의 미래 방향에 대한 니체의 제안을 살펴볼 것이다.
Very-low-birth-weight, Preterm Infants With or Without Intracranial Hemorrhage

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Fourteen very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) preterm infants with and without intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) were prospectively followed from birth to 4 to 8 years for the purpose of determining neurologic and cognitive sequelae associated with ICH severity and to correlate outcomes with brain morphology as determined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Intracranial hemorrhage was documented by cranial ultrasonography performed in early life. Follow-up assessments included neurologic and psychometric examinations and cranial MRI scans. Of six children with no ICH, five had normal results on all three follow-up measures. Three children with Grade I-II ICH had mild to moderate neurologic and cognitive sequelae with focal white matter MRI abnormalities. Five children with Grade III-IV ICH had severe neurologic, cognitive, and MRI deficits, including MRI regional and diffuse white matter abnormalities and/or cortical atrophy. Focal and diffuse neurologic deficits correlated with the extent of MRI morphologic abnormalities. Results of this study indicate that ICH severity correlated with outcomes in children at follow-up ; the more severe the ICH, the more adverse the neurologic, cognitive, and MRI results. MRI white matter abnormalities were present in all children with any degree ICH, while ventriculomegaly was seen only in severe ICH (Grade III-IV ICH). Neurologic deficits correlated with MRI structural abnormalities.
Truth Untrembling Heart

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Rendering Heidegger’s translation of Parmenides’ ἀτρεμἐϛ, being “unshaken,” Joan Stambaugh gives us “untrembling.”1 Anglophone readers used to other translations and reading Parmenides’ description of “well-rounded truth” as “unshaken” are inclined to prefer customary versions to Stambaugh’s “untrembling”—such is the force of habit that haunts first encounters with an author in translation, a habit in this case that crosses two linguistic spheres, not only German but also Greek, owing to the omnipresence of Kirk, Raven, and Schofield,2 where their unshaken (sometimes unmovable) follows the already classic tradition of Diels-Kranz’ own “unerschütterlich.”
Involvement of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor type 1 and type 4 in migratory response of mouse T cells toward S1P.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a pleiotropic lysophospholipid, regulates signal transduction pathway via G-protein-coupled receptors termed S1P1-5 in several types of the cells including lymphocytes. Higher levels of S1P4 mRNA as well as S1P1 mRNA are expressed in lymphoid tissues such as the spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and Payer's patches. In contrast to S1P1 that plays an essential role in lymphocyte egress, little is known about the role of S1P4 in immune system. In this study, we found that S1P at 10 to 100 nM significantly induced the cell migration and the significant levels of S1P1 and S1P4 mRNA were expressed in mouse CD4 T cells, D10.G4.1 mouse Th2 cells, and EL-4.IL-2 mouse thymoma cells. In D10.G4.1 and EL-4.IL-2 cells, S1P-induced migration was almost completely inhibited by pretreatment with pertussis toxin, Clostoridium difficile toxin B, and (S)-enantiomer of FTY720-phosphate, a potent agonist at S1P1 and S1P4. The members of the Rho family small GTPase, Cdc42 and Rac were activated by S1P stimulation in these cells. The transfection with dominant negative or constitutively active forms of Cdc42 and Rac revealed that the activation of both Cdc42 and Rac is essential for S1P-induced migration of these cells. The immunoprecipitation assays using CHO cells co-expressing both S1P4 and S1P1 receptors indicated that S1P4 and S1P1 are associated on the cell surface. These results suggest that the association of S1P4 and S1P1 plays an important role in migratory response of mouse T cells toward S1P.
Ruminant Fecal Contamination of Drinking Water Introduced Post-Collection in Rural Kenyan Households

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In sub-Saharan Africa, many families travel to collect water and store it in their homes for daily use, presenting an opportunity for the introduction of fecal contamination. One stored and one source water sample were each collected from 45 households in rural Kenya. All 90 samples were analyzed for fecal indicator bacteria (E. coli and enterococci) and species-specific contamination using molecular microbial source tracking assays. Human (HF183), avian (GFD), and ruminant (BacR) contamination were detected in 52, two, and four samples, respectively. Stored water samples had elevated enterococci concentrations (p < 0.01, Wilcoxon matched pairs test) and more frequent BacR detection (89% versus 27%, p < 0.01, McNemar’s exact test) relative to source water samples. fsQCA (fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis) was conducted on the subset of households with no source water BacR contamination to highlight combinations of factors associated with the introduction of BacR contamination to stored water supplies. Three combinations were identified: (i) ruminants in the compound, safe water extraction methods, and long storage time, (ii) ruminants, unsafe water extraction methods, and no soap at the household handwashing station, and (iii) long storage time and no soap. This suggests that multiple pathways contribute to the transmission of ruminant fecal contamination in this context, which would have been missed if data were analyzed using standard regression techniques.
An overview of electronic health systems development & integration in Scotland

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Timely access to accurate and up-to-date medical information is key to delivering tailored quality health-care to patients. In order to enable services provision at multiple sites - depending on patients' needs as well as availability of services - patient information will routinely be transferred between various health-care providers. An increase use of Information and Communication Technology as a medium for information transfer in clinical settings is considered by some as an opportunity for better integrated care. The primary aims of an integrated national e-Health system is thus to provide quality health-care services and improving clinical outcomes for patients. In addition, secondary benefits potentially derived from an integrated e-Health infrastructure include: an increased capacity for audit and monitoring, as well as opportunities for secondary use of data for medical and public health research. We here provide a brief overview of recent developments in e-Health systems infrastructure development and integration in Scotland.