jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Renewable Energy Vulnerability to Climate Change in Brazil: A Case Study of Biofuels and Solar Energy

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This study aims to calculate indicators and indexes to subsidize the analysis of vulnerability and adaptation of the renewable energy sector to climate change in Brazil, focusing on biofuels and solar energy. For biofuels, in general, the Brazilian coast will be a propitious area for agricultural productivity during the XXI century, but these are areas historically intended for occupation and development of the urbanization process, that is, with limited land availability and supply for primary production. In some parts of the Northeast, Midwest and South of the country, offer for the cultivation land will be reduced. For the solar energy is observed that Brazil has area and highly expressive power for the use of this power, both today and in the coming decades, especially in the North, Northeast and Midwest. In statistical terms, the Mann-Kendal test and Sen’s Bend point to a very weak tendency to useful radiation indicator in all regions of Brazil by 2100. In addition, it is projected a significant increase in mean air temperature by the end of XXI century across the country that can mean a reduction in power conversion capability, which is sensitive to ambient temperature variations, especially in the Midwest and North of the country.
The Form of Coleridge's Dejection Ode

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Coleridge’s “Dejection” is an ode rather than a conversation poem. It differs from the eighteenth-century ode and establishes a distinctively Romantic ode in adapting the personal voice, meditative structure, and private subject that Coleridge had developed in the conversation poems, but because Coleridge observed odic decorum it lacks the conversation poem’s controlling characteristic, an initial illusion of artlessness manifested in the pattern of thought, rhythm, syntax, and transitions. The inability of critics to agree whether the speaker of “Dejection” masters his crisis is a consequence of Coleridge’s innovation in employing the device of “simultaneous composition” in a poem of greater seriousness than any of the conversation poems. The speaker cannot plausibly resolve a crisis that affects his life at the root within the span of a single meditation, and because he is enmeshed in the experience as he articulates it, he has no perspective from which to evaluate it.
Hericium erinaceus : A possible future therapeutic treatment for the prevention and delayed progression of Alzheimer’s disease? – A narrative review

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract At present, the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease involves only symptomatic medications which have continually demonstrated little efficacy, primarily due to the presence of biological barriers. Despite efforts, researchers have yet to discover a therapeutic treatment that delays neurodegenerative progression or restores associated Alzheimer neuropathological processes. For centuries, Hericium erinaceus (HE) has been used predominantly in Asian countries for its culinary and medicinal purposes; however, this mushroom has not yet been utilised in western pharmacology. This review systematically investigates evidence pertaining to the use of HE as a potential future therapeutic treatment for the prevention and delayed progression of Alzheimer’s disease, by highlighting any fundamental neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties. In total, three human clinical trials and thirteen animal-model studies were included in review. The use of HE demonstrated positive significant differences in results obtained from behavioural, histological and biochemical assessments from both human clinical trials and animal model studies accentuating its utility for the improvement of cognitive function. In addition, erinacine-A-enriched HE appears to demonstrate the highest bioactive potency of all HE extracted compounds, providing the greatest effects while also showing transportability ease across biological barriers. In conclusion, evidence suggests that intake of HE may be an appropriate and relevant future therapeutic treatment for the prevention and delayed progression of Alzheimer’s disease; however, continued research is necessary to provide further significant evidence of this relationship, through an increased quantity of human clinical trials.
Genetic improvement for deficit irrigation in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A study was conducted for four years in the central and peninsular India to examine the route to yield under deficit irrigation in bread wheat and devise suitable selection criteria for variety development. Yield components and genotypes were compared at two irrigation levels (zero and one) in the first two years whereas trials were conducted in the following two years to realize the yield potential and genotype specificity under supplementary irrigation. Majority of the yield governing traits responded to the supplementary irrigation but the magnitude of realized advantage varied vividly in the associated traits. In yield determinants; biomass, stem elongation rate, spike weight and a disincentive to plant height was common in both treatments. Delayed heading in zero irrigation and longer duration but quick grain ripening for one-irrigation were additional attributes of selection. Proper site selection and screening of the germplasm was found crucial to raise prospects of high genetic yield potential under deficit irrigation.
Estimation of macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1 α) levels in serum and gingival crevicular fluid in periodontal health, disease, and after treatment—A clinico-biochemical study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objectives: Previous studies have revealed high macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and the serum of patients with chronic periodontitis. However, reports correlating the GCF and serum MIP-1α levels are inadequate. Therefore, the present study estimates the GCF and serum MIP-1α levels and its effects on periodontal health, disease, and after periodontal treatment. Materials and Methods: Periodontal examination and collection of GCF and serum was performed for 60 subjects categorized into four groups with 20 subjects in each group: Group I (healthy), group II (gingivitis), and group III (chronic periodontitis). Eight weeks after scaling and root planing, the GCF and serum were collected from 20 patients of group III, who were considered as group IV. MIP-1α levels were estimated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: MIP-1α was detected in all samples. However, the levels reduced significantly in group IV (P < 0.05). Mean MIP-1α levels in GCF and serum were the highest in group III (1.481 ng/μL) and the lowest in group I (0.209 ng/μL), and those in groups II (0.685 ng/μL) and IV (0.276 ng/μL) appeared between those of groups I and III. Conclusions: The GCF and serum MIP-1α levels increased proportionally with the progression of periodontal disease (PD) and decreased after treatment. Because MIP-1α levels in the GCF and serum correlated positively with clinical parameters, MIP-1α may be considered a “novel biomarker” in PD progression. However, controlled longitudinal studies are required to confirm this possibility.
Altered neurovascular coupling in drug-naïve attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Evidence from a comprehensive fMRI analysis

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

As the most common childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder, the pathogenesis of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is still unclear. Non-invasive neuroimaging methods open new avenues to characterize developmental changes in the human brain. Neurovascular coupling (NVC) reflects the close relationship between neuronal activity and cerebral blood flow (CBF), which provides a new mechanistic insight into developmental brain alteration. We aim to investigate the potential NVC alteration in ADHD children.
Emotion Regulation and Perceived Competence in Dyslexia and ADHD: Analyzing Predictors of Academic and Mental Health Outcomes in Adolescents

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Youths with dyslexia and ADHD are at risk for developing not only academic but also mental health problems. As these negative outcomes are however not found equally among all adolescents with dyslexia or ADHD, this dissertation aimed at getting a better understanding of certain predictors and/or consequences of two mediating self-regulating mechanisms. Whereas study 1 focused on perceived competence as an important contributor to academic success or failure, studies 2, 3 and 4 analyzed the role of emotion regulation (ER) in the development of psychopathological symptoms. Study 1 showed that within a group of adolescents with dyslexia, adolescents with a late diagnosis hold lower general and academic perceived competency beliefs, with potential negative outcomes for academia. Study 2 gave a first insight into ER in dyslexia and revealed that while dyslexia might not be directly associated with ER difficulties, higher ADHD symptoms contribute to more ER difficulties not only in youths with clinical ADHD but also in youths with dyslexia. These findings were taken a step further in study 3, which showed that ER difficulties mediate the association between ADHD symptoms and further anxiety, depression and conduct disorder symptoms for youths with dyslexia, ADHD and comorbid dyslexia/ADHD. Moreover, it was demonstrated in study 4 that underlying working memory deficits, (and to a lesser extent) attentional control and inhibitory deficits are linked with ADHD symptoms, which in turn are associated with ER difficulties and further anxiety and depression symptoms. The findings are discussed within the larger context of perceived competence, ER as well as academic and psycho-social outcomes, and potential implications for the conceptualization, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of these disorders are considered.
N1E-RP, N2E-RP, and TaqPath assays all correctly identify SARS-CoV-2–positive QCMD quality control samples.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Values used for <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001030#pbio.3001030.g002" target="_blank">Fig 2C</a>. Cq, cycle quantification; QCMD, Quality Control for Molecular Diagnostics; SARS-CoV-2, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2.</p> <p>(PDF)</p>
Digital Transformation of a Swiss Ski Destination

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Digitalization is having an increasing impact on companies everywhere, and none more so than those in the travel industry. For example, according to travel industry experts, it is directly affecting hotels and other tourist accommodation that need to attract guests. The rise of digitalization raises many questions for the travel industry. This chapter focuses on the impact of digitalization on a ski resort and asks the following questions: what are the effects of digitalization on a skiing destination? How would such a destination cope with digitalization? And what would the ideal strategy look like? In a tourist center, every accommodation proprietor would very probably like to keep up with the changes in digitalization, as part of their marketing response. They can pursue this aim individually or with others. Objectively it would make more sense and give everyone more chance of success if they worked together under a single roof, that of the Destination Management Organization (DMO). The DMO would be the driver of the change process itself. The following case study demonstrates that a DMO has to think of a different marketing process compared with what it has had in previous decades, when it is faced with its industry's digitalization. Considering the changes that will have to be made within such organizations to cope with the trends in digitalization over the next few years, there are numerous challenges for destinations and accommodation properties alike.
Association of sirtuin 1 gene polymorphisms with nephrolithiasis in Eastern chinese population

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent deacylase, has been identified to be associated with renal tubular inflammatory conditions and metabolic disorders, which are risk factors of nephrolithiasis. To further confirm the role of the SIRT1 in kidney stone formation, the expression of SIRT1 was analyzed based on a mouse model and the genetic polymorphisms of SIRT1 gene was compared between patients with kidney stones and controls. The calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal-induced renal injury model was established to analyzed the expression of SIRT1 in the kidney tissue of both wild-type and ApoE(-/-) mice. And a total of 430 Eastern Chinese subjects (215 patients with nephrolithiasis and 215 age- and gender-matched controls) were recruited for the present study to investigate the associations between 6 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (i.e., rs10509291, rs3740051, rs932658, rs33957861, rs3818292 and rs1467568) in the SIRT1 gene and the incidence of kidney stones. Pairwise linkage disequilibrium and the haplotypes of the 6 SNPs were also analyzed. The genotypes of SIRT1 gene polymorphisms were analyzed by a Snapshot assay. Reduced expression of SIRT1 was observed in the kidney of the mice in the crystal group, revealing the potential role of SIRT1 in the nephrolithiasis. However, we did not find a significant association between the 6 SNPs of the SIRT1 gene and kidney stone formation in the Eastern Chinese population.
Chemical constituents of the style of Zea mays L.from Yunnan

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

To study the chemical constituents of the style of Zea mays,silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography was applied to separate and purify the compounds from the style of Zea mays.EIMS,HRESIMS 1D-and 2D-NMR spectra was adopted to determine the structure of the compounds.Four compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated as:(2S,3S,4R)-2-[(2′R)-2′-hydroxydocosanoylamino]-1,3,4-octadecanetriol(1),ent-rosane-5β,15,16-triol(2),asergosta-7,22-dien-3β,5α,6β-triol(3),and stigmasta-5-en-3β,7α-diol(4).Compound 1 and 2 were isolated from this plant for the first time.The structure of 1 was determined on the basis of methanolysis.The proton and carbon signals of 2 and 3 were assigned by 2D-NMR techniques.
Beckett and nothing: trying to understand Beckett

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Foreword Terry Eagleton, 'Nothing new' Introduction Daniela Caselli, 'Beckett and trying to understand Beckett' 1. John Pilling, 'On not being there: going on without in Beckett' 2. Peter Boxall, 'Nothing of value: reading Beckett's negativity' 3. Mladen Dolar, 'Nothing has changed' 4. Stephen Thomson, 'A tangle of tatters: ghosts and the busy nothing in Footfalls 5. Bill Prosser, 'Nothings in particular' 6. Shane Weller, 'Unwords' 7. Jonathan Bignell, 'Into the Void: Beckett's television plays and the idea of broadcasting' 8. Derval Tubridy, 'Beckett, Feldman, Salcedo. Neither' 9. Matthijs Engelberts, 'From Film to literature: theoretical debates and the critical erasure of Beckett's cinema' 10. Catherine Laws, 'Beckett and unheard sound' 11. Russell Smith, 'It's Beckett and anxiety' 12. Laura Salisbury, 'Something or nothing: Beckett and the matter of language' Coda Enoch Brater, 'The no-thing that knows no name and the Beckett envelope, blissfully reconsidered' Bibliography Index
IC‐P3‐203: Intranasal administration of pronucleon peptides for in vivo imaging of beta amyloid in Alzheimer's disease

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

One of the pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the conversion of a normal soluble protein into insoluble beta amyloid aggregates. Aggregation and deposition of amyloid beta in vivo may precede clinical symptoms by many years. In vivo imaging of amyloid plaques would be beneficial for the following reasons: 1) A potential preclinical diagnostic of AD, 2) Determining the efficacy of anti-amyloid therapies, 3) Monitoring effects of AD therapeutics in clinical trials. We previously reported a novel Pronucleon™ peptide technology that specifically measures beta amyloid. The Pronucleon™ peptide undergoes a sequence-specific conformational change in the presence of the amyloid beta aggregates which can be used to measure beta amyloid in CSF and blood. The primary objective is to develop an easily administered imaging agent that will provide an early measure of plaque or amyloid aggregate burden associated with AD. The Pronucleon™ peptide was first examined as an ex vivo stain for amyloid plaques. We have since administered (intranasally) Pronucleon peptides in hAPP transgenic mice that develop extensive plaque pathology. Sections from these mice were subjected to ex vivo analyses including fluorescence, Thioflavin S staining, anti-amyloid staining and anti-GFAP staining. The Pronucleon™ peptides contain fluorescent tags that are sensitive to beta amyloid conformational states and results in the ability to image beta amyloid aggregates with a fluorescent microscope. Ex vivo administration of the Pronucleon™ peptide to tissue section from transgenic mice demonstrates that the peptide labels plaque like material. These, ex vivo, plaque-like images co merge with Thioflavin S staining. Intransal, in vivo, administration of the fluorescent Pronucleon™ peptide labels plaques in the hippocampus and cortex of transgenic mice. Fluorescent structures had plaque like morphology and co merged with anti-amyloid antibody or Thioflavin S staining. A significant positive correlation was observed between Pronucleon™ peptide staining and Thioflavin S staining. These data suggest that the Pronucleon™ peptide can efficiently cross the blood brain barrier, label plaques, and may be an effective tool for in vivo imaging.
Towards an EU sustainable health information infrastructure. Integrating technical and political views and interest

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Health information systems (HIS) play a key role in providing information for decision-making. Europe lacks of an integrated HIS on non-communicable diseases (NCD) and Health Systems Performance (HSP) able to compare health problems across countries. NCDs are the main contributor to the EU-burden of disease, including the highest mortality rates. There is a general agreement among public health policy makers and researchers on the need of an integrated EU health information (HI) infrastructure to monitor risk factors, NCD and HSP. Such infrastructure would provide common inputs for public health and research to prioritize health policies. However, there is no EU-EEA consensus on how to go forward with this initiative. Methods The Information for Action (InfAct) project is aimed at establishing a sustainable HI infrastructure on HIS and HSP by cataloging resources, experience, research capacities and expertise into a 'one-stop shop'. Significant political will is needed to support and systematically feed a functional and permanent governance structure. InfAct provides a ground for Member States to discuss and generate consensus through two main boards: 1) Technical Dialogues (TD), composed by national experts, to discuss scientific aspects, feasibility and added value; and 2) Assembly of Members (AoM) where political representatives from Ministries of Health and Research provide the framework of political acceptance and guarantee of implementation and future development. Results Both boards reveal different interests and concerns. The AoM rather focused on resources and necessary political decisions based on expected returns. The TD focused on feasibility aspects and new adaptations required from current systems. The feedback provided by both boards is key to develop a sustainable EU-HIS infrastructure. Conclusions The TD and the AoM are key forums to provide feedback, guidance and advocacy to build a sustainable EU-HIS infrastructure
Performance of a Three-Part Dif Impedance Cytometer (Sysmex E-4000) in Comparison with a Cytochemical Cytometer (Technicon H 6000)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Particle-size analysis of leukocytes with cytometers based on the impedance method makes it possible to distinguish three types of white cells in blood (small cells, medium-sized cells and large cells). In order to test the ability of such a three-part dif cytometer to screen for abnormal cells of the leukocyte series, we assayed the differentiation of white cells in 786 blood samples with the Sysmex E-4000 and compared the results with those of the Technicon H6000, a cytochemical cytometer. The small cell and large cell fractions of the Sysmex E-4000 correlated very well with the percentages of lymphocytes and neutrophils measured with the Technicon instrument and showed good sensitivity and specificity in discriminating samples with normal and abnormal results. The percentage of the medium-sized cells correlated significantly with the contents of eosinophilic, monocytic and basophilic cells as assayed with the Technicon H6000; but for a satisfactory determination of each of these cell lines (sensitivity of more than 90% and ca. 70% specificity) it was necessary for them to represent more than 10% of the medium-sized cell population. The red cell parameters of both cytometers were compared in 695 samples. All parameters, which were not based on measurement of the red cell volume, exhibited an excellent agreement for both instruments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The new proSA-Shuntsystem for modern treatment of hydrocephalus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The proSA-Shuntsystem is the first that combines an adjustable differential with an adjustable gravitational valve. The system allows individual settings of the opening pressure for the horizontal (0–20 cm H2O) and the vertical (0–40 cm H2O) body position. This study presents[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
A Comparative Study of Social Support and Hardiness among HIV Diagnosed Men and Women

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to compare social support and hardiness in men and women living with HIV/AIDS. Total 200 participants 50% men and 50% women, living with HIV and enrolled at ART centers of Bilaspur, Raipur and Durg of Chhattisgarh were considered in study. Psychological Hardiness scale and Social support Scale was used to assess the Hardiness and Social support has perceived by the participants. The differential hypotheses stating difference between male and female PLWHA, participants, on the parameters taken in the study, were verified with the help of statistical analysis using independent ‘t’ test. The findings of the study demonstrated that men and women living HIV significantly differ on commitment and challenge sub dimensions of Hardiness attribute of personality. The mean score of male participants on both dimension of hardiness is higher in comparison to female participants. There is no significant gender difference on the variables social support and its dimension emotional, tangible and instrumental support.
Quantification of the relationship between magnetoencephalographic (MEG) and blood oxygenation dependent (BOLD) images of brain function

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is the measurement of the magnetic fields generated outside the head by the brain's electrical activity. The technique offers the promise of high temporal and spatial resolution. There is however an ambiguity in the inversion process of estimating what goes on inside the head from what is measured outside. Other techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have no such inversion problems yet suffer from poorer temporal resolution. In this study we examined metrics of mutual information and linear correlation between volumetric images from the two modalities. Measures of mutual information reveal a significant, non-linear, relationship between MEG and fMRI datasets across a number of frequency bands.