jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Debating the Unipolar Moment

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

January 01 1998 Debating the Unipolar Moment Mark Sheetz, Mark Sheetz Mark S. Sheetz is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Political Science at Columbia University. The author wishes to thank Robert Jervis and Timothy Crawford for their helpful comments. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Michael Mastanduno Michael Mastanduno Michael Mastanduno is Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Mark Sheetz Mark S. Sheetz is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Political Science at Columbia University. The author wishes to thank Robert Jervis and Timothy Crawford for their helpful comments. Michael Mastanduno Michael Mastanduno is Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College. Online ISSN: 1531-4804 Print ISSN: 0162-2889 © 1997 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.1997 International Security (1998) 22 (3): 168–174. https://doi.org/10.1162/isec.22.3.168 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Mark Sheetz, Michael Mastanduno; Debating the Unipolar Moment. International Security 1998; 22 (3): 168–174. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/isec.22.3.168 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsInternational Security Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.1997 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Performance and Economic Returns of Stocker Cattle on Tallgrass Prairie Under Different Grazing Management Strategies

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A 4-yr study was conducted to determine performance of stocker calves on tallgrass prairie under three grazing management strategies. Pastures were assigned to one of three grazing treatments. Grazing was initiated in June, and pastures were grazed only during the summer months for 57 to 104 d (79.5 ± 20.7 d). Two of the pastures were grazed season-long. Calves in one of the season-long treatments were fed a protein supplement during the second half of the grazing season; calves in the other season-long treatment were not supplemented (control group). The third pasture, an intensive early stocking (IES) treatment, was grazed at twice the stocking rate used in the season-long pastures for the first half of the grazing season (40 ± 11 d) and rested for the second half (39.5 ± 10 d). Individual stocker performance during the first half of the summer was similar among grazing treatments. Providing supplemental protein during the second half of the grazing season increased BW gain by 30 kg/ha during the last 40 d of the 80-d grazing season and increased BW gain by 12 kg/ha for the entire summer. Over the summer, IES stocker calves produced 24% more gain/ha than season-long stocked calves. Nonetheless, IES management was not more profitable than season-long grazing with or without protein supplementation. Under short-term ownership of calves in the IES system, fixed costs represented a large portion of the total cost.
Can Entire Departments be Burned Out? A Conservation of Resources Perspective on Burnout Contagion

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Healthcare managers recognize that burnout can be contagious within work units, disrupting the performance of large employee groups, even entire departments. Emotional exhaustion can be quickly transferred between employees until the whole department is infected and its functioning is disrupted. However, despite managers’ recognition of burnout contagion, scholarly research on burnout has been limited mostly to an individual perspective. Some empirical studies have examined burnout contagion within small groups, but have not yet explored contagion within larger business units, nor have they examined how shared burnout can impact the actual functioning of departments. To address this gap, we draw on the conservation of resources model (Hobfoll, 1989) to examine how burnout contagion within hospital departments impacts four departmental outcomes: problem solving, interpersonal trust, goal setting, and performance. We tested our model in a large sample of employees from a hospital in the southern United States, organized into 65 departments. We found strong evidence that burnout was shared at the department level of analysis, and that low burnout departments scored significantly higher than high burnout departments on the four departmental outcomes. These findings give rise to a number of practical prescriptions for healthcare managers as well as directions for future research.
A Three-Dimensional CFD Study of NACA 0018 Darrieus Hydrokinetic Turbine through Unsteady RANS Simulations

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract For low-head water sources, hydrokinetic turbines are potential technologies that can offer viable renewable energy options to extract energy in the rivers and water channels. In this paper, three-dimensional unsteady simulations were carried out on a straight-bladed Darrieus hydrokinetic turbine with NACA 0018 airfoil to analyse the flow physics in vortex separation at an operating tip speed ratio of 1.7 with turbine solidity of 0.224. The vortex separation or flow separation, and flow reattachment have been studied concerning the instantaneous power coefficients of the turbine at different azimuthal positions. It was observed that the steady decline in turbine power coefficient occurs from the azimuthal angle of 90° as vortex separation begins. A dip into the negative region was found 60° later. The re-entering into the positive power coefficient region is attributed to flow reattachment between 180° and 210°.
Occupational mobility of heads of households migrating to Medina.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

"The aim of this study is to determine the effect of internal and external migration on the occupational mobility of the heads of households migrating to Medina [Saudi Arabia]....[It] is based on a survey of families in Medina which was conducted by the author in 1986/1987." The results show that "the majority of the migrants were able to achieve positive vocational mobility as a result of their migration. However, there are some distinctions in the extent of this positiveness between Saudi Arabian and non-Saudi Arabian migrants, as well as between urban and rural migrants.... The main factors affecting migration to Medina are difference in income, as well as in the educational level at origin and at destination."
Perception of synthetic /ba/–/wa/ speech continuum by budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Other than humans, extensive vocal learning has only been widely demonstrated in birds. Moreover, there are only a handful of avian species that are known to be good mimics of human speech. One such species is the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus), which is a popular mimic of human speech and learns new vocalizations throughout adult life. Using operant conditioning procedures with a repeating background task, we tested budgerigars on the discrimination of tokens from two synthetic /ba/–/wa/ speech continua that differed in syllable, but not transition, duration. Budgerigars showed a significant improvement in discrimination performance on both continua near the phonetic boundary for humans. Budgerigars also showed a shift in the location of the phonetic boundary with a change in syllable length, similar to what has been described for humans and other primates. These results on a nonmammalian species provide support for the operation of a general, nonphonetic, auditory process as one mechanism which can lead to the well-known stimulus-length effect in humans.
Characterization of the Spinel Phase from SiO 2 ‐Al 2 O 3 Xerogels and the Formation Process of Mullite

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Two kinds of xerogels were prepared by the slow and rapid hydrolyses of tetraethoxysilane and aluminum nitrate nonahydrate dissolved in ethanol. Xerogels prepared by slow hydrolysis crystallized mullite directly from the amorphous state on firing whereas those formed by rapid hydrolysis crystallized a spinel phase before mullite formation. The composition of the spinel phase was characterized by various methods to be near SiO 2 ·6Al 2 O 3 . The process of mullite formation is discussed in relation to the structures of the starting materials.
Digital Natives? New and Old Media and Children's Outcomes

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The current generation of young children has been described as ‘digital natives’, having been born into a ubiquitous digital media environment. They are envisaged as educationally independent of the guided interaction provided by ‘digital immigrants’: parents and teachers. This article uses data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) to study the development of vocabulary and traditional literacy in children aged from 0 to 8 years; their access to digital devices; parental mediation practices; children's use of digital devices as recorded in time-diaries; and, finally, the association between patterns of media use and family contexts on children's learning. The analysis shows the importance of the parental context in framing media use for acquiring vocabulary, and suggests that computer (but not games) use is associated with more developed language skills. Independently of these factors, raw exposure to television is not harmful to learning.
Workshop Report on Basic Research Needs for Scientific Machine Learning: Core Technologies for Artificial Intelligence

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) will have broad use and transformative effects across the Department of Energy. Accordingly, the January 2018 Basic Research Needs workshop identified six Priority Research Directions (PRDs). The first three PRDs describe foundational research themes that correspond to the need for domain-awareness (PRD #1), interpretability (PRD #2), and robustness (PRD #3). The other three PRDs describe capability research themes and correspond to the three major use cases for massive scientific data analysis (PRD #4), machine learning-enhanced modeling and simulation (PRD #5), and intelligent automation and decision-support for complex systems (PRD #6). The Priority Research Directions provide a sound basis for a coherent, long-term research and development strategy in SciML and AI. Over the last decade, DOE investments in applied mathematics have laid the groundwork for the type of basic research that will underpin key advances in the six PRDs. Such advances will build on the work from leading researchers in optimization, linear algebra, high-performance solvers and algorithms, multiscale modeling and simulation, complex systems research, uncertainty quantification, and the new basic research areas that will emerge from the pursuit of transformative technologies.
[Black Concerns in Theological Education] (audio)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In this audio recording, Lawrence Jones discusses Black theological education and the Society for the Study of Black Religion. He explains how important it is for Black scholars to become published. After Lawrence Jones gives his presentation there is a discussion among those present on scholarship and publication. Dr. Riggins Earl of the Interdenominational Theological Center is among those present and participating in the discussion.
Discriminating poultry feeds by image analysis for the purpose of avoiding importunate poultry behaviors

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The feed manufacturers can control the composition of feed in relation to their feed value. But, in practice, an important issue is still pending: the poultries can reject a batch of feed with optimal nutritional characteristics. This rejection is often accompanied by undesirable and incomprehensible reactions (e.g. pecks in multiple directions) leading to negative consequences for the animal as well as the poultry breeder and the firm. Zootechnical studies are dealing with two main research areas: modeling the poultry feeding behavior and linking it with the poultry perception, especially vision. Currently, a study is undertaken to define the poultry feeding behavior and to point out feeds corresponding to different reactions. As for the perception, visual aspects of feed seem to be involved. While the objective of the study is to make it possible to control the visual quality of feed according to animal behavior, the goal of the present work is to discriminate between feeds of different firms based on visual features extracted from feed images. This discrimination by visual features could be linked with the poultry feeding behaviour and be an effective foundation for the control of the feed acceptability by visual aspects. In this paper, we assess the relevance of color and texture features and we show how these features are involved in the discrimination process between feed images.
A Case of Chronic Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Complicated with Malignant Melanoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

慢性型成人T細胞白血病/リンパ腫(ATLL)に悪性黒色腫, 腎細胞癌, 転移性肺腫瘍を合併した福岡県在住の79歳男性例を報告した。右足底に濃淡のある45×50mmの黒褐色腫瘤が存在し, 数個の右鼠径リンパ節も触知した。病理組織学的に悪性黒色腫(level IV, stage III)と診断した後にcryosurgery, 免疫化学療法を施行した。その結果原発巣は消失したが, 右鼠径リンパ節転移巣に対しては縮小効果は得られなかった。さらに末梢血液中での白血球数増多(13,000/mm3), flower cellの存在, 抗HTLV-1抗体陽性, HTLV-1 proviral DNA陽性, 骨髄穿刺にてATL細胞8.8%などの所見がみられたため, 慢性型ATLLと診断した。また全身検索にて左腎中部∼上極および後腹膜に150×95×100mmの巨大腎腫瘍があり, 生検にて腎細胞癌(clear cell carcinoma)と診断した。さらに胸部単純X線, 胸部CT scanにて転移性肺腫瘍が疑われ, 喀痰細胞診を施行したが, 異型細胞は陰性であった。慢性型ATLL, 腎細胞癌, 転移性肺腫瘍は患者のquality of lifeを考えて経過観察とした。重複癌の発症機序は不明であるが, 慢性型ATLL患者においてはその発症に注意する必要がある。
Assay Archen and Chrysophanol in Tuberculosis Pill with HPLC

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective:To establish the assay method for archen and chrysophanol in Tuberculosis Pill.Method:The contents of archen and chrysophanol in prepared rhubarb were determined with HPLC.Result:Archen in the range of 0.024-0.073 μg showed a good linear ralationship.Regression equation was Y=3 304 098X+1 637,r=0.999 9.The average recovery was 97.63%,RSD=1.07%.Chrysophanol with in 0.0086-0.258 ug showed a good linear relationship,regression equation was Y=4 541 679X-1 057,r=0.999 9,the average recovery was 97.45%,RSD=2.03%.Conclusion:The established method is simple and feasible,specific,and reproducible.It can be used for quality control.
A Study of the Usage of Biofeedback Techniques to Improve Self Performance and HRV Profile Among Ikhtiar Malaysia Entrepreneurs

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Self performance is important among entrepreneurs due to increasing the business enhancement. Nevertheless, previous literature showed that there are less current study which focused on the self performance using Biofeedback techniques among entrepreneurs in Malaysia. Thus, this study was aimed; 1) to look at how Emwave Biofeedback techniques can be used to improve self performance
among Ikhtiar Malaysia women entrepreneurs and 2) to improve the HRV score among participants through increased the HF coherence. A total of 10 respondents were recruited in this study. The changing nature of Heart Rate variability (HRV) of HF, LF and VLF frequencies was measured through Biofeedback Emwave training techniques. The HRV Biofeedback techniques were used to determine the emotional state and the balance ability between individual Sympathetic and Parasympathetic systems. This balance is important to enable women entrepreneurs to control internal
and external stimuli to be adapted to their business environment. The study showed that the technique is able to improve the characteristics of HRV to increase self performance among women entrepreneurs. The study found that respondents who successfully completed the HRV training able to increase their self performance in term of HRV score and businesses. Result showed that there was a
positive correlation (0.80-1.00) between all the business and HRV. This showed that Emwave Biofeedback training is appropriate to be used as an intervention program to improve self performance and business enhancement among the participants. Thus, this study concludes that HRV Biofeedback techniques can be an important measure in gauging business entrepreneur’s health and performance.
IMMUNE RESPONSES IN CLINICALLY AND GENETICALLY DEFINED SUBGROUPS OF PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY SARCOIDOSIS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This thesis focuses on inflammatory responses in the airways of sarcoidosis patients. Sarcoidosis is a T helper 1-mediated inflammatory disease with unknown aetiology. HLA-DRB1*0301 sarcoidosis patients often present with an acute form of disease, i.e. Lofgren’s syndrome, usually with a very good prognosis. These patients also have expansions of CD4 T cells expressing the T cell receptor AV2S3 gene segment in their lungs. The overall aim of these studies was to investigate the inflammatory and immune regulatory responses in sarcoidosis and in specific subgroups of patients, compared to healthy controls. The cytokine profile in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients revealed that the levels of mRNA and protein expression of pro-inflammatory and Th1 associated cytokines were in general increased in sarcoidosis patients compared to healthy individuals. In particular, HLA-DRB1*0301 patients expressed significantly increased levels of pro-inflammatory and Th1 associated cytokines in their lungs as compared to HLA-DRB1*0301 patients and controls. A tendency to a higher expression of TGFβ1 was seen in DRB1*0301 patients. The study of BALF CD4 T cells in patients revealed decreased mRNA levels of the T regulatory cell-specific transcription factor, FOXP3, and of regulatory associated genes IL-10 and CCR2. Furthermore, at the protein level reduced frequencies of FOXP3expressing BALF and blood CD4 T cells were observed in patients. The mean fluorescence intensity of FOXP3 expression in BALF FOXP3 CD4 cells of patients was also reduced. AV2S3 CD4 T cells expressed significantly reduced levels of FOXP3 and CCR2 compared to the other BALF CD4 T cells. We did not find any differences in the expression of CCR2, FOXP3, IL-10 and TGF-β1 between patient subgroups. Sarcoidosis patients expressed decreased levels of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain (TIM)-3 mRNA in their BALF CD4 T cells, as compared to healthy subjects, while IL-2 expression was increased in patients. TIM molecules have been suggested to be important regulators of immune functions. In addition, our data revealed an increased mRNA level of IFN-γ in non-Lofgren’s patients as compared to Lofgren’s patients, while the mRNA level of TIM-1 was decreased. Analyzing alveolar macrophages, we detected a significantly lower expression of TLR2 in patients, in particular patients with Lofgren’s syndrome. We also observed that the gene expression of fibrosis-associated CCL18 was higher in patients compared to controls. There was a tendency to higher IL-23 levels in cultured BALF cells of patients, but upon LPS-stimulation it was markedly more upregulated in healthy controls. In conclusion, the reduced immune regulatory response in the lungs of sarcoidosis patients may result in an uncontrolled inflammation particularly in non-Lofgren’s patients, contributing to the pathogenesis of this disease. AV2S3 T cells in the lungs of Lofgren’s patients seem to have an effector function and may contribute to the eradication of a postulated sarcoidosis antigen.
Factors related to patient delay time in patients with acute myocardial infarction ST segment elevation and essential hypertension

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To examine patient delay time(PDT) in seeking treatment among patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and essential hypertension and to identify factors influencing PDT. Patients with STEMI were divided into two groups based on PDT: Short PDT group(PDT ≤ 60 minutes after onset of symptoms) and Long PDT group (>60minutes after symptom onset). A questionnaire developed to assess demographic characteristics,Clinical factors and psychological factors. Paients were interviewed within 72 hours of admission to 2 hospitals. 329 consecutiveconfirmed STEMI patients(Mean age 61years; 72.5% men) with a median PDT of 90min and a prehospital delay time 170min were studied, PDT was less than 1 hours in 47.4% of patients, while more than 1 hours in 52.6%, In univariate analyses, patients with short PDT were witness onset, progress course of symptom, severe pain, death anxiety, knowing AMI as a deadly disease and its presentation, taking the symptom seriously, and "going quickly" to see the doctor . Patients with longer PDT were age≥65year, nocturnal onset, experienced their symptoms at home, gradual onset, "waited to see whether symptoms disappeared", "worried about troubling others", "took pain medication" and preinfarction angina. A stepwise multiple regression analysis further suggested the following independent predictors to PDT: took pain medication, wait and see, not wanting to bother anybody, preinfarction angina, age > 65 years,gradual onset, severe pain, witness onset, going to see doctor quickly, taking symptoms seriously. Age, gradual onset, witness onset, severe pain, preinfarction angina, emotional responses and inadequate coping strategies are the independent factors associated with PDT in patients with STEMI. Programs to reduce PDT must take into account of emotional responses and coping strategies of patients.
Global dissipativity for stochastic quaternion-valued neural networks with proportional delay

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In the paper, the global dissipativity of stochastic quaternion-valued neural networks (SQVNNs) with proportional delay are investigated. Firstly, a novel lemma is established according to Ito's formula and stochastic analysis techniques. Secondly, by employing Lyapunov functional, inequality techniques and stochastic analysis theory, new sufficient contions to ensure the global dissipativity for SQVNNs with proportional delay are derived. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the feasibility, effectiveness of our methods.
Ejector Technology and Its Application in Dispose Processing of Natural Gas

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The method of theoretical analysis combining with numerical calculation in this paper has been adopted to design ejector device, and the YaHa oil-gas field has been cited as an example to discuss the advantages of ejector device used in the process of light hydrocarbon recovery from condensate field. The main results and conclusions are as follows: 1) The established numerical model of ejector machine can get the information of internal flow inside the device, so it could be used in the optimization of device structure; 2) The adjustable nozzle of ejector structure can improve the appli- cability of operational condition and realize regulation for different flow rate; 3) The ejector technology can utilize the high pressure gas with high pressure energy itself to inject the low pressure fluid and greatly reduce the energy consump- tion of light hydrocarbon recovery, providing a new way for natural gas gathering and transferring process.