jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Give me a second chance

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Collaborative writing (CW) and task repetition have been claimed to aid language acquisition. Students produce better texts when writing with a peer and their drafts improve if they write the same composition twice (same task repetition, STR). However, little is known about young learners, about the effects of combining both constructs and, finally, about a more common type of repetition in language lessons: repeating the same procedure with different content (procedural task repetition, PTR). This study analyses the effects of CW (vs. individual writing) and of PTR (vs. STR). To do so, the writings of 59 Spanish young learners (aged 11) of English divided into four groups were analysed. Two of these groups ( N = 9, N = 10) wrote a composition individually while two ( N = 20, N = 20) wrote a composition in pairs. A week later, one individual ( N = 9) and one collaborative group ( N = 20) wrote the same composition again (STR) while the other individual ( N = 10) and collaborative ( N = 20) groups wrote a new composition following the same procedure (PTR). Unlike findings from adult learners, our students’ drafts show no differences that could be attributed to the collaboration. However, some improvements upon repetition were hinted at, with students in the STR group obtaining greater holistic rates.
Relative Distributions

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Purpose— Analyses of trends in the delivery of time critical treatments typically report the median, but measures of central tendency may ignore important changes for specific patient groups. We considered whether this was an important effect during comparison of onset to treatment (OTT) time between 2 cohorts of patients with stroke receiving intravenous thrombolysis. Methods— After controlling for stroke severity, a relative distributions technique compared OTT for UK patients treated with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator registered within the first and last quarters (each n=661) of the Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke-Monitoring Study database between January 2003 and September 2010. Results— Significant differences were found between OTT distributions. Overall, the second cohort’s OTT distribution demonstrated simultaneous increases in the proportion of patients with faster and slower OTT, which resulted in no net effect on the median after correction for stroke severity. Conclusions— Medians did not adequately describe distributional changes. Faster OTT may be because of more efficient processes in acute stroke centers and improved symptom recognition by the public. Slower OTT is likely to reflect movement from a 3- to a 4.5-hour OTT target. Relative distributions offer new insights into historical trends and service evaluation where time critical treatments are involved.
Molecular characterisation of infectious bursal disease viruses isolated in recent acute outbreaks in Solvenia

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

In 2004 and then in 2006 several outbreaks of infectious bursal disease (IBD) were reported in broiler and broiler breeder flocks in Slovenia. In this report ten recently emerged IBD viruses (IBDV) were characterised by sequence analysis of the VP2 hypervariable region and compared to previous Slovene IBDV strains from 1995/1996 and to some representative serotype 1 IBDV strains of different pathotypes. On the basis of nucleotide and amino acid identities, phylogenetic analyses and the presence of very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) conserved amino acid substitutions, all Slovene isolates from recent outbreaks were identified as vvIBDV. Although some unique nucleotide exchanges and amino acid substitutions have been observed, the results of this study indicated that recent vvIBDV isolates are closely related with those from outbreaks in the 1990s. However, acute IBD has not been reported in commercial flocks in Slovenia for some years. This could lead to the conclusion that poor biosecurity and relaxed vaccination could be responsible for the re-emergence of vvIBDV.
Net Pay Cutoff Determination Using In-Situ Permeability Measurements with Advanced Formation Testers

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract For a reservoir rock to be classified as net, a basic requirement is for it to contain sufficient storage capacity (porosity) and demonstrate fluid flow potential (permeability). Most common methodologies in the industry today for applying net pay cutoffs are developed based on petrophysical measurements. This is especially the case in clastic reservoirs, where a simple approach using a porosity-permeability correlation derived from core or logs is often employed. The ideal approach is where measurements of both porosity and effective permeability are made in situ. It is worth noting that effective permeability can often be quite different from absolute permeability, hence this measurement must be made for the reservoir fluid and not for the invading mud filtrate and taking into account the presence of irreducible water in a water-wet system. By conducting an in-situ permeability measurement, especially in thin layers or heterogeneous zones, the accuracy of net pay cutoff determination is significantly improved. In-situ permeability can either be inferred from petrophysical evaluation or measured directly with formation testers. Generally equipped with a probe-type device, formation testers can be combined in a drillstring assembly (formation testing while drilling, FTWD) or run on wireline (wireline formation testing, WFT). In either case, other petrophysical logging tools can be combined and measurements made in the same run. One of the challenges in accurately evaluating net pay with petrophysical measurements or single-probe-type formation testers is their inability to resolve or find thin layers. In laminated formations, logging devices with higher vertical resolution are required and formation testers, rather than attempting to communicate with the formation through a single point source, use devices with large surface areas open to flow, which have proven to provide much more representative measurements. In this paper the benefits of advanced formation testers and the role they play in net pay cutoff determination in challenging environments are presented.
Incidence of Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis (TRAS) and Graft Characteristics in Renal Transplant Recipients with Multiple Renal Arteries: A Prospective Observational Study

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: This was a prospective observational study to evaluate the incidence of Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis (TRAS) and Graft characteristics in Renal Transplant Recipients with Multiple Renal Arteries. Materials and Methods: In the present study 25 patients’ recipients of multiple renal artery graft kidney who underwent renal transplant after 30 the June 2016 till October 2017 with post-transplant serum creatinine ≤ 1.5mg/dL were included and evaluated for stenosis by CT Angiography done after period of 90 days. Results: In this study double renal artery was present in 96% patients and triple renal artery was present in 4% of patients. Only left laproscopic donor nephrectomy was done in all the cases. Arterial reconstruction was done by three techniques-double barreling done in 48% of cases, Y graft in 20% of cases and end to side anastomosis to main renal artery in 32% cases. Reconstructed renal artery was anastomosed to recipient external iliac artery by end to side anastomosis in 24% of patients and recipient internal iliac artery by end to end anastomosis in 76% of cases. Loupe was used during surgery in 28% of cases. Atheroma was present in 4% of donor vessels and 4% of recipient vessels. There was no technical difficulty in positioning of kidney in any of cases. There was incidence of delayed graft functioning in 8% of cases. There was no evidence of TRAS in any of cases on CT Angiography. There was no evidence of contrast induced nephropathy in this study group. Conclusion: In conclusion, there was no evidence of TRAS was found in any case. Hence no association could be established between occurrence of TRAS and various factors in patients with multiple renal artery live donor transplants with reconstruction.
Dipotassium hexafluoridozirconate(IV) hydrogen fluoride, K2ZrF6·HF

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The title compound is built from edge-sharing centrosymmetric dimeric [Zr2F12]4− complexes, K+ cations and HF mol­ecules. The ZrIV coordination polyhedron is a distorted monocapped octa­hedron. The K+ ions are coordinated by F atoms and HF mol­ecules with potassium coordination numbers of 7 and 8. In addition, the structure is stabilized by strong F—H⋯F hydrogen bonds.
,,Don Juan" (Horch auf den Klang der Zither)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Performer: Heinr. Schlusnus; Mitgl. der Kapelle der Staatsoper Berlin Writer: Mozart Bariton; Staatsoper Berlin; mit. Digitized at 78 revolutions per minute. Four stylii were used to transfer this record. They are 3.8mil truncated conical, 2.3mil truncated conical, 2.8mil truncated conical, 3.3mil truncated conical. These were recorded flat and then also equalized with Turnover: 250.0, Rolloff: -5.0. The preferred versions suggested by an audio engineer at George Blood, L.P. have been copied to have the more friendly filenames. Matrix number: 6055 GR Catalog number: 62760 B Other IDs from the record include: 62760 B
Chromatin insulator factors involved in long-range DNA interactions and their role in the folding of the Drosophila genome

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Chromatin insulators are genetic elements implicated in the organization of chromatin and the regulation of transcription. In Drosophila, different insulator types were characterized by their locus-specific composition of insulator proteins and co-factors. Insulators mediate specific long-range DNA contacts required for the three dimensional organization of the interphase nucleus and for transcription regulation, but the mechanisms underlying the formation of these contacts is currently unknown. Here, we investigate the molecular associations between different components of insulator complexes (BEAF32, CP190 and Chromator) by biochemical and biophysical means, and develop a novel single-molecule assay to determine what factors are necessary and essential for the formation of long-range DNA interactions. We show that BEAF32 is able to bind DNA specifically and with high affinity, but not to bridge long-range interactions (LRI). In contrast, we show that CP190 and Chromator are able to mediate LRI between specifically-bound BEAF32 nucleoprotein complexes in vitro. This ability of CP190 and Chromator to establish LRI requires specific contacts between BEAF32 and their C-terminal domains, and dimerization through their N-terminal domains. In particular, the BTB/POZ domains of CP190 form a strict homodimer, and its C-terminal domain interacts with several insulator binding proteins. We propose a general model for insulator function in which BEAF32/dCTCF/Su(HW) provide DNA specificity (first layer proteins) whereas CP190/Chromator are responsible for the physical interactions required for long-range contacts (second layer). This network of organized, multi-layer interactions could explain the different activities of insulators as chromatin barriers, enhancer blockers, and transcriptional regulators, and suggest a general mechanism for how insulators may shape the organization of higher-order chromatin during cell division.
Identity, gender, and land in Marlene van Niekerk’sAgaat

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The relationships between land and identity are important themes in the plaasroman (farm novel), a subgenre to which Marlene van Niekerk writes back in her novel Agaat (2004). In this article, I explore identity, land and gender in Agaat. I offer a discussion of the ways in which identity and land are inextricably linked in the normative plaasroman, and within this vein, consider the case of Agaat.While I focus on the traditional relationship between patriarchy and the farm, I also refer to the notion of the volksmoeder (literally mother of the nation or people) – a role that Milla attempts to break free from.Through a close reading of the text, I then consider how the relationship with the land – and specifically farming land – is used as a textual device to problematize the gender relations on the fictional farm Grootmoedersdrift. In particular, I consider how the characters Milla and Jak’s different approaches to farming on Grootmoedersdrift, both multifaceted and threaded through the entire novel, serve as the basic axis around which their relationship revolves. As a kind of self-aware plaasroman that weaves problematized notions of gender identity through the narrative,Van Niekerk’s novel offers a nuanced representation of how gendered power is enacted and subverted in the attachment to and cultivation of farming land and the body.
Selection Bias and the UnderwriterCertification of the LargestShareholders in Seasoned EquityOfferings

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The largest shareholders of issuing firms in Hong Kong are eligible to
underwrite rights issues and open offers. We hypothesize that the largest
shareholders as underwriters who possess more information are better than
investment banks in certifying firm value. Our analyses show that the largest
shareholders self-select into their preferred issuing firms, and a selection bias
in the choice of underwriters arises. After controlling for firm and issue
characteristics and addressing the selection bias, our findings support our
hypothesis. We also find that investment banks with greater access to
information through prior underwriting relationship provide better
certification than investment banks without such relationship.
Characterization of open-cycle coal-fired MHD generators. Quarterly technical summary report No. 6, October 1--December 31, 1977. [PACKAGE code]

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Research has included theoretical modeling of important plasma chemical effects such as: conductivity reductions due to condensed slag/electron interactions; conductivity and generator efficiency reductions due to the formation of slag-related negative ion species; and the loss of alkali seed due to chemical combination with condensed slag. A summary of the major conclusions in each of these areas is presented. A major output of the modeling effort has been the development of an MHD plasma chemistry core flow model. This model has been formulated into a computer program designated the PACKAGE code (Plasma Analysis, Chemical Kinetics, And Generator Efficiency). The PACKAGE code is designed to calculate the effect of coal rank, ash percentage, ash composition, air preheat temperatures, equivalence ratio, and various generator channel parameters on the overall efficiency of open-cycle, coal-fired MHD generators. A complete description of the PACKAGE code and a preliminary version of the PACKAGE user's manual are included. A laboratory measurements program involving direct, mass spectrometric sampling of the positive and negative ions formed in a one atmosphere coal combustion plasma was also completed during the contract's initial phase. The relative ion concentrations formed in a plasma due to the methane augmented combustion of pulverized Montana Rosebud coal with potassium carbonate seed and preheated air are summarized. Positive ions measured include K/sup +/, KO/sup +/, Na/sup +/, Rb/sup +/, Cs/sup +/, and CsO/sup +/, while negative ions identified include PO/sub 3//sup -/, PO/sub 2//sup -/, BO/sub 2//sup -/, OH/sup -/, SH/sup -/, and probably HCrO/sub 3/, HMoO/sub 4//sup -/, and HWO/sub 3//sup -/. Comparison of the measurements with PACKAGE code predictions are presented. Preliminary design considerations for a mass spectrometric sampling probe capable of characterizing coal combustion plasmas from full scale combustors and flow trains are presented and discussed.
Generating multiple-choice questions for medical question answering with distractors and cue-masking

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Medical multiple-choice question answering (MCQA) is particularly difficult. Questions may describe patient symptoms and ask for the correct diagnosis, which requires domain knowledge and complex reasoning. Standard language modeling pretraining alone is not sufficient to achieve the best results. \citet{jin2020disease} showed that focusing masked language modeling on disease name prediction when using medical encyclopedic paragraphs as input leads to considerable MCQA accuracy improvement. In this work, we show that (1) fine-tuning on generated MCQA dataset outperforms the masked language modeling based objective and (2) correctly masking the cues to the answers is critical for good performance. We release new pretraining datasets and achieve state-of-the-art results on 4 MCQA datasets, notably +5.7\% with base-size model on MedQA-USMLE.
Object Detection and Gesture Control of Four-Wheel Mobile Robot

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, the development of a four wheel mobile robot with gesture-controlled robot arm manipulator system is presented. The accelerometer and wifi based gesture control model is used to manipulate the motion of its arm with human hand. The glove data is used to control the movement of the robot arm for pick and place operation. The object detection algorithm is also implemented to detect the object autonomously. An ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the upcoming object. Under this work, only single object is considered. The prototype model of four-wheel mobile robot with two movable arms is developed. The proposed object detection algorithm is implemented on the physical model to check the effectiveness of the algorithm. After object detection operation, the gesture control based controller is used for pick and place activity. The novelty of this research is collaborative use of object detection algorithm and gesture control scheme.
Solar-neutrino results from SAGE

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The solar-neutrino-capture rate measured by the Russian-American Gallium Experiment on metallic gallium during the period from January 1990 to December 1997 is (67.2 −7.0−3.0 +7.2+3.5 ) SNU, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. This result represents a 7σ depression in the neutrino flux in relation to the predicted standard-solar-model rates. The experimental procedures used and data analysis are presented.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF AGRONOMIC PARAMETERS IN SYNTHETIC MAIZE VARIETIES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Yield and yield components of five synthetic maize cultivars (EV-3001, Jalal, Kisan, Azam and Pahari) were studied at Chilas Agriculture Farm, district Diamer, Northern Areas, Pakistan during 2005. Cultivars differed significantly for all parameters. Cultivars Jalal, EV-3001 and Kisan produced the tallest plants (278.6, 270.5 and 265.7 cm) whereas, check variety Pahari produced the shortest plants (168.8 cm). The highest yield (1.803 t/ha) was harvested in maize cultivar EV-3001 which was at par with cultivars Jalal and Azam. Check variety produced the lowest yield (1.15 t/ha). The effect of cultivars on stalk yield also significantly differed and check variety produced the lowest stalk yield (1.320 t/ha). Other cultivars were at par for stalk yield. On the basis of this study cultivars Jalal and Azam are recommended for general cultivation in double cropping zones in district Diamer.
Table_8_Network Analysis of Different Exogenous Hormones on the Regulation of Deep Sowing Tolerance in Maize Seedlings.XLSX

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

<p>The planting method of deep sowing can make the seeds make full use of water in deep soil, which is considered to be an effective way to respond to drought stress. However, deep sowing will affect the growth and development of maize (Zea mays L.) at seedling stage. To better understand the response of maize to deep sowing stress and the mechanism of exogenous hormones [Gibberellin (GA<sub>3</sub>), Brassinolide (BR), Strigolactone (SL)] alleviates the damaging effects of deep-sowing stress, the physiological and transcriptome expression profiles of seedlings of deep sowing sensitive inbred line Zi330 and the deep-tolerant inbred line Qi319 were compared under deep sowing stress and the conditions of exogenous hormones alleviates stress. The results showed that mesocotyl elongated significantly after both deep sowing stress and application of exogenous hormones, and its elongation was mainly through elongation and expansion of cell volume. Hormone assays revealed no significant changes in zeatin (ZT) content of the mesocotyl after deep sowing and exogenous hormone application. The endogenous GA<sub>3</sub> and auxin (IAA) contents in the mesocotyl of the two inbred lines increased significantly after the addition of exogenous GA<sub>3</sub>, BR, and SL under deep sowing stress compared to deep sowing stress, while BR and SL decreased significantly. Transcriptome analysis showed that the deep seeding stress was alleviated by GA<sub>3</sub>, BR, and SLs, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) mainly included cellulose synthase, expansin and glucanase, oxidase, lignin biosynthesis genes and so on. We also found that protein phosphatase 2C and GA receptor GID1 enhanced the ability of resist deep seeding stress in maize by participating in the abscisic acid (ABA) and the GA signaling pathway, respectively. In addition, we identified two gene modules that were significantly related to mesocotyl elongation, and identified some hub genes that were significantly related to mesocotyl elongation by WGCNA analysis. These genes were mainly involved in transcription regulation, hydrolase activity, protein binding and plasma membrane. Our results from this study may provide theoretical basis for determining the maize deep seeding tolerance and the mechanism by which exogenous hormones regulates deep seeding tolerance.</p>