Tipula (Sinotipula) exquisita Alexander 1935

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Tipula (Sinotipula) exquisita Alexander, 1935 Figs 14–24 Chinese name Dzẍṃƛfi Diagnosis Prescutum dark yellow with four distinct brown stripes; wing variegated grey with numerous small pale and dark grey areas, pale yellow around veins; posterior margin of gonocoxite with a pair of long-haired lobes; posterior margin of sternite 9 with a pair of smooth lobes folded at apex. Material examined CHINA – Sichuan • 2 ♂♂; Xiangcheng City, Niding Canyon (尼T峡ë); 29°4′ N, 99°40′ E; 3488 m a.s.l.; 11 Jul. 2020; Bingtao Du leg.; sweeping; CAU • 5 ♂♂; Daocheng City, neaR Zhagu Temple (Ĺ古※); 28°47′ N, 100°9′ E; 4217 m a.s.l.; 14 Jul. 2020; Bingtao Du leg.; light tRaps; CAU. – Qinghai • 1 ♂; Menyuan City, Xianmi Town, Meihua Village (DZ ữẖ); 37°17′ N, 102°8′ E; 3109 m a.s.l.; 30 Jul. 2021; Xinyue Guo leg.; sweeping; CAU • 1 ♀; Menyuan City, Qihankai (fflǟfl); 37°9′ N, 102°2′ E; 2658 m a.s.l.; 30 Jul. 2021; Qicheng Yang leg.; light traps; CAU. Photo material CHINA • Holotype, ♂; Yin-Kuan-Tsal; 13–15 000 feet a.s.l.; 25 Jul. 1930; D.C. GRaham leg.; USNM (photos by Yan Li) • ♀, allotype; Yu-Long-Gong; 14 000 feet a.s.l.; 14 Aug. 1930; D.C. GRaham leg.; USNM (photos by Yan Li) • Paratype; same collection data as for holotype; USNM (photos by Yan Li). Redescription Male MEASUREMENTS. Body length 20.0– 21.5 mm, wing length 23.8–25.0 mm, antenna length 4.6–4.8 mm (n = 3). HEAD (Figs 14–15). Mainly yellowish brown. Occiput brown with dark brown mid-longitudinal stripe. Rostrum yellowish brown with a dark brown middle stripe extended from rostrum apically to face, nasus yellowish brown, postgena dark brown. Setae on head dull black. Antennal scape and pedicel yellow, flagellaR segments daRk bRown, flagellaR segments 1–3 slightly yellow. PRoboscis black. Palpus daRk brown, segment 4 slightly pale brown. THORAX (Figs 14–15). Mainly brownish yellow, dark areas with slight white pruinescence. Pronotum dark yellow, brown at middle. Prescutum dark yellow with four brown stripes, all stripes with dark brown margins, median stripes broadened anteriorly and gradually narrowed posteriorly, lateral stripes slightly dark. Scutum and scutellum brown with blurry dark areas. Mediotergite pale brown. Pleuron mainly dark brown, with white pruinescence. Anepisternum with less pruinescence and an indistinct dark stripe on upper portion. Setae on thorax golden and dark brown. Legs with femora and tibiae brownish yellow, apex dark brown, tarsi dark brown, femora of some specimens dark brown near basal part. Claw with a black tooth near middle. Setae on legs black. Wing variegated grey with numerous small pale and dark grey areas; veins and cell Sc bright yellow, pale yellow around veins; pterostigma brown; petiole of cell m 1 distinctly shorter than discal cell (Fig. 17). Halter with stem and knob yellow, except knob dark brown at middle. ABDOMEN (Fig. 14). Mainly yellow to black. Abdominal segments 1–5 yellow, segment 7 yellow to black outward, all tergites with black posterior margin and black lateral stripes, tergites 2–7 with short grey lateRal pRuinescence on posteRioR and lateRal stRipes, pRuinescence vaRied among diffeRent specimens. Setae on tergites dark brown, but those on sternite golden. HYPOPYGIUM (Figs 16, 18–24). Mainly black. Posterior margin of tergite 9 with a transversely quadrate sclerotized toothed plate, dorsal and ventral border of plate each with two long protrusions and small irregular teeth. Gonocoxite and sternite 9 fused, posterior margin of gonocoxite with a pair of long-haired lobes, posterior margin of sternite 9 with a pair of smooth, folded lobes. Outer gonostylus wide with dense black spines anteriorly and with two short lobes posteriorly (Fig. 23). Inner gonostylus with very short beak and a large sloping notch; outer basal lobe complicated (Fig. 24). Female Apart from the genitalia, similar to male; cercus and hypovalve short. Distribution China (Sichuan, Qinghai). Remarks In all male specimens from Niding Canyon, Zhagu Temple and Meihua Village, the size and position of the small teeth of teRgite 9 aRe not fixed. The specimens fRom Qinghai (Meihua Village and Qihankai) aRe daRkeR than those fRom Sichuan (Niding Canyon and Zhagu Temple). TheRe was no diffeRence in the gonostylus among all observed specimens. Thus, we considered them to be the same species (Alexander 1935; Edwards 1928).