jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Supplemental Figures 1-3 from NK Cell–Mediated Antitumor Effects of a Folate-Conjugated Immunoglobulin Are Enhanced by Cytokines

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<p>Supplemental Figure 1.Fâ€‘IgG and IL-12 mediated NK cell lysis is dependent on the folate receptor availability and does not correlate with FcR genotype. Supplemental Figure 2. MDSC inhibit NK cell lytic activity and IFN-y production. Supplemental Figure 3. CIgG-FITC and FIgG-FITC treated mouse tissues exhibit normal histological features.</p>
The Distribution of Carbon Monoxide in Detached Circumstellar Envelopes

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Calculations are presented of the evolution of the distribution of carbon monoxide and its photodissociation products in detached circumstellar envelopes surrounding evolved late-type stars that have undergone intense mass loss. The CO molecules are more readily photodissociated in a detached shell than in an attached envelope because of the less effective shielding by H2 and CO molecules and by the dust of the dissociating radiative field. At early stages of its evolution, the CO distribution follows closely the hydrogen distribution in the detached shell, because CO photodissociation is not significant except in the thin outermost layer of the shell. At the later stages, the CO shell occupies only the innermost layer of the detached shell because of the more effective CO photodissociation in the outer layer that occurs unless the gas is extremely clumpy. Observations of the CO photodissociation products, C and especially C+, are needed for the determination of the actual size of the detached shell. A comparison of the calculations and observations of the widths of the CO shells indicates a clumpy structure of the circumstellar gas, which is consistent with the patchy appearances and rectangular profiles of the optically thick CO emission from the shells. The carbon ionization ratio is a potentially useful diagnostic of the degree of clumpiness in the detached shells. Its determination through observations will be important in refining our understanding of the role of photodissociation in the detached circumstellar envelopes.
Perspectives of Parents With Type 1 Diabetes: Role of Children in Self-Management and Support

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine parents’ perceptions of the role children play in their type 1 diabetes (T1DM) care. Family members are a resource to support T1DM self-management, but how children are involved in their parents’ diabetes has not been well explored. Methods Parents with T1DM (n = 85) and a subset of their romantic partners (n = 55) participated in interviews during which they described their children’s knowledge of and involvement in diabetes care. Interviews were transcribed, responses coded/tallied, and themes identified. Results All parents reported that children knew of their diabetes, which they learned about progressively from a young age. Most parents reported children to be accepting and understanding of the ways that diabetes affected their family experiences (eg, pause to treat low blood glucose). When asked about specific support, parents rated “making parent feel better about diabetes” as the most frequently occurring behavior. Some parents felt that children, particularly younger ones, occasionally detracted from T1DM management, but this was usually expected and considered transient. Regardless of child age, many parents did not want diabetes to burden children and limited their involvement. Both parents with T1DM and partners requested resources to enhance child awareness and preparedness to support diabetes. Respondents, particularly partners, were also interested in learning how to communicate better as a family and share perspectives on how diabetes affects individual family members. Conclusions Diabetes care and education specialists should consider developmentally and relationally appropriate ways to engage children of parents with T1DM in education and self-management.
Reduced Spread Risk of COVID-19 based on Tracking System Monitoring in WSNs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The phrase "COVID-19" has become the most popular and highly searched term on Google since its emergence in November 2019. The world must combat this pandemic. With advancements in mobile technology and sensors, Developing Internet of Things (IoT)-based healthcare solutions is now feasible. Proactive as well as preventative, these new systems, are in contrast to the traditional reactive healthcare systems. In this study, a paradigm based on the Internet of Things is proposed for detecting COVID-19 suspects. The framework presented in this research focuses on predicting COVID-19 in its early stages. To determine whether the virus is present, it uses health measurements collected from sensors and other Internet of Things devices. By gathering symptom data related to COVID-19, the behavior of the virus can be better understood. Four machine learning models are introduced in this paper: CatBoost, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Logistic Regression. These models are used to create a Diagnostic Learning Classifier (DLC) model. The top three performing models, Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, and CatBoost, are combined using a weighted average or majority voting approach, depending on the nature of the problem. The DLC model is compared to base models such as Random Forest, Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, and CatBoost, using multiple evaluation criteria. The goal of this ensemble model is to increase forecast accuracy by utilizing the variety and advantages of the chosen models. It delivers great diagnostic accuracy when used as a machine learning model on the gathered data. Notably, the DLC classifier achieves an accuracy of 91%, followed by Random Forest (86%), CatBoost (85%), Logistic Regression (84%), and Decision Tree (82%). These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the voting classifier in efficiently managing COVID-19 by accurately diagnosing patients and notifying health authorities of suspected cases.
Arsine Poisoning: Massive Haemolysis with Minimal Impairement of Renal Function

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Poisoning by arsine (arseniuretted hydrogen) has become much less common in recent years but still occurs as a hazard of industry. In most instances the gas is evolved as a result of nascent hydrogen being generated in the presence of arsenic, or by the action of water on a metallic arsenide. Clinical manifestations of intoxication usually appear within a few hours of exposure, and include malaise, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and backache, followed by haemolytic anaemia, haemo globinuria, and pigmentation of the skin. Severe poisoning has most often resulted in death from anuria. The case described here occurred in a metal refinery ; haemolysis was severe but renal function was well preserved.
Spiralling optical morphologies in spherulites of poly(hydroxybutyrate)

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Some rather unusual optical morphologies in thin films of poly(hydroxybutyrate) in which a temperature gradient is imposed across the thickness of the film are reported. Spherulites in which the Maltese cross degenerates into a continuous spiral grow under these conditions, and the direction of the rotation of the spirals depends on the direction of heating. These morphologies are explained with the existing understanding of spherulite optics. The helicoidally twisting crystallites are modeled as twisting around an axis at a fixed angle to the radius of the spherulite (and the plane of the film). The possible implications for future, inclusive models of banding in spherulites are discussed. Further observations on the temperature dependence of the optical banding pattern in poly(hydroxybutyrate) are also reported, and an unexpected minimum in band spacing and fine optically visible fibrillar texture is discussed. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 1575–1583, 2000
A study of the role of renal nerves in the renal responses to 60° head‐up tilt in the anaesthetized dog

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

1. Renal responses to 10 min of 60° head‐up tilt were measured in anaesthetized dogs in which renal perfusion pressure was maintained at a relatively constant value. 2. Tilting was associated with a fall in systemic blood pressure and an increase in heart rate. Renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate remained constant while there was a significant decrease in both absolute and fractional excretion of sodium. 3. Animals which had undergone acute renal denervation were tilted. The cardiovascular responses were similar to intact animals. A fall in renal blood flow was observed but the glomerular filtration rate was maintained at a steady value during tilting. The decreased renal tubular excretion of sodium measured in intact animals was abolished. 4. Alpha‐adrenergic blockade of the kidney was achieved by infusion of phentolamine into the renal artery. Tilting of these animals caused cardiovascular changes similar to those observed in control animals but renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate and sodium handling remained unchanged. 5. Animals in which both carotid sinuses had been acutely denervated were tilted. Systemic blood pressure fell as in intact animals, but the rise in heart rate was significantly less. Renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate and the rate of sodium excretion were unchanged. 6. A 10 min period of 60° head‐up tilt in anaesthetized dogs resulted in an unchanged renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate which was associated with a decrease in both fractional excretion of sodium and sodium excretion. The renal sympathetic nerves were shown to be responsible for these changes in tubular sodium handling which appeared to exert their action via renal tubular α‐adrenergic receptors. This activation of the renal nerves appeared to be mediated by the carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex.
Japanese Food and Soy Processing Technology

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is a major crop from the viewpoint of oil production. Their seeds contain about 20% soybean oil, which is widely used in many food industries. Soybeans also contain 40% protein, which has received much attention in recent years as a major plant protein source, and 40% carbohydrates, which are known to have functional benefits due to their physical properties. Each of these components, obtained through the fractionation technology, has been used as ingredients in a variety of food products. These soy-based ingredients can be combined with other ingredients to maximize its nutritional health, taste, and functions inherent in soybeans. This chapter describes two unique soy-based products, the USS (Ultra Soy Separation) material, which is separated by a novel fractionation method, and SSPS (Soluble Soybean Polysaccharide), a functional food additive produced from "Okara", or the by-product of soy protein manufacturing.
Account of practice: using action learning to develop and educate undergraduate management degree apprentices

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This account of practice offers an example of the use of action learning within the undergraduate Degree Apprenticeship Curriculum of a UK university, specifically the Chartered Manager Degree Apprenticeship. This programme is aimed at an age-diverse group who are supported by their employers through the levy to improve their knowledge, skills and behaviours in alignment to the standards required in becoming a Chartered Manager. We discuss the background and context of the course followed by an account of some aspects of the action learning process used to support and challenge apprentices as they worked on their projects. The account suggests that the application of knowledge to work-based problems on the Degree Apprenticeship Programme was enhanced by the action learning process. We reflect on the challenges and opportunities presented by introducing action learning on this undergraduate programme, such as the value of the safe space created and the difficulties of getting to grips with reflection.
Studies, education and information

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

From the early 1960s studies on disarmament have been mandated by General Assembly resolutions and carried out by the United Nations Secretary-General. To reflect a wide range of expertise and political views, most studies have been conducted with the assistance of governmental experts appointed by him on the basis of equitable geographical distribution. These studies have served to provide a deeper understanding of disarmament matters and have supported the negotiating process through analyses of specific issues related to ongoing or beginning disarmament negotiations. To date, 33 studies have been conducted on disarmament-related topics.
Nutritional value of elephant grass genotypes

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract: The objective of this work was to assess the nutritive value of four elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) genotypes. The chemical composition, intake by sheep, and digestibility of different genotypes (G1, G2, G3, and G4) were evaluated. A dry matter (DM) digestibility assay was performed with total leftovers and feces collected from 20 sheep kept in metabolic cages. G3 had lower DM intake in grams per animal per day compared with G1 and G2, and it had greater digestibility, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber values. G1, G2, and G4 have the best nutritive values among the evaluated genotypes.
Isolated points in the space of left orderings of a group

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Let G be a left orderable group and LO(G) the space of all left orderings. We investigate the circumstances under which a left ordering < of G can correspond to an isolated point in LO(G), in particular we extend the main result of [9] to the case of uncountable groups. With minor technical restrictions on the group G, we find that no dense left ordering is isolated in LO(G), and that the closure of the set of all dense left orderings of G yields a dense Gδ set within a Cantor set of left orderings in LO(G). Lastly, we show that certain conditions on a discrete left ordering of G can guarantee that it is not isolated in LO(G), and we illustrate these ideas using the Dehornoy ordering of the braid groups.
Capital expenditure and firm value in the MENA region: the role of market competition and information asymmetry

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper examines the relationship between capital expenditure and firm value in the MENA region, and the moderating role that market competition and information asymmetry play in this relationship. The study consists of 3, 930 observations that include yearly data from the 2010–2019 period. Empirical tests show that in markets of high product competition, capital expenditure exerts a negative effect on firm value, while under the condition of high information asymmetry, this effect is positive. The results also suggest that the hypothesized relationships are stronger for small-sized firms and for Shariah-non-compliant companies.
The discovery of the elements. XX. Corrections

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTThe discovery of the elements. XX. CorrectionsMary Elvira Weeks Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1933, 10, 5, 314Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1933Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 May 1933Published inissue 1 May 1933https://doi.org/10.1021/ed010p314.2RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views166Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (808 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
An estimation of the magnitudes of the contributions from spin polarization and from hyperconjugation to the hyperfine splitting constant of an hydroxylic proton

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Proton hyperfine splitting constants of monoprotonated p-benzosemiquinone are presented for a range of solvents and sample-temperatures. The dependences of these splittings upon temperature, together with the assumption that the hydroxyl group can be described as a torsional harmonic oscillator, are used to evaluate an equation linking a OH , the hyperfine splitting constant of the hydroxylic proton, in gauss, with ρ O and ρ C , the spin densities on the hydroxyl oxygen and on the adjacent carbon atoms, and θ, the dihedral angle between the O—H bond and the plane of the aromatic ring.[Formula: see text]Experimental evidence of a positive contribution to a OH is obtained from the spectra of monoprotonated durosemiquinone in tri-n-butylphosphate at elevated temperatures.
Modulation of p53 Degradation via MDM2-Mediated Ubiquitylation and the Ubiquitin–Proteasome System during Reperfusion after Stroke: Role of Oxidative Stress

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The tumor suppressor gene p53 plays an important role in the regulation of apoptosis through transcriptional activation of cell cycle control. Degradation of p53 hinders its role in apoptosis regulation. Recent studies have shown that MDM2-mediated ubiquitylation and the ubiquitin–proteasome system are critical regulating systems of p53 ubiquitylation. However, the mechanism regulating p53-mediated neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia remains unknown. We examined the MDM2 pathway and the ubiquitin–proteasome system using a transient focal cerebral ischemia (tFCI) model and analyzed the interaction between p53 regulation and superoxide using copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) transgenic mice after tFCI. p53 degradation and ubiquitylation were detected after tFCI. The accumulation of ubiquitylated p53 was inhibited and p53 degradation was facilitated by SOD1. Nuclear translocation and MDM2/Akt interaction were detected after tFCI and were inhibited by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibition and promoted by SOD1. Cytosolic translocation of the p53/MDM2 complex was detected after tFCI and was promoted by SOD1. Moreover, accumulation of multiubiquitin chains and direct oxidative injury to a proteasome were detected and inhibited by SOD1 after tFCI. These results suggest that SOD1 promotes the MDM2 pathway and the ubiquitin–proteasome system after tFCI and that production of reactive oxygen species after tFCI prevents p53 degradation by inhibiting both systems.
Ki-67 reactivity in primary fallopian tube cancers.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Forty-four cases of primary cancer of the fallopian tube (PFTC) were analyzed as to Ki-67 expression, grade, stage and the cancer histological type. Among patients with an average age of 57.5 years (range 38-70 years), 27 patients were FIGO I, 7 were FIGO II and 10 were FIGO III. Histological classification of PFTC revealed 18 cases of endometrioid type, 9 serous, 7 undifferentiated, 6 urothelial, 2 clear-cell and 2 of other type. Histological grading revealed 11 cases of G1, 16 of G2 and 17 of G3 tumors. The quantity of Ki-67 positive cells was counted on 300 cancer cells in random high-power fields (10 x 40) and recorded as the labeling index (LI, %). Positive staining for Ki-67 was shown in the nuclei in all cases. Ki-67 LI values ranged from 14.2 to 97.2% (median 36.1). Ki-67 LI values were graded as > or = 36.1% as high and <36.1% as low. We did not find any significant differences in Ki-67 LI values among tumors of various clinical stages, histological grades and histological types. The p value was statistically significant only for stage as a prognostic factor.
Stagnant Slab Front within the Mantle Transition Zone Controls Cenozoic Intrplate High-Mg Andesites in NE Asia: A Case Study from Russian Far East

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Petrogenesis of intraplate high-Mg andesites has been a controversal issue.The Cenozoic basaltic andesites in the Russian Far East provide new insights for revealing petrogenesis of intraplate high-Mg andesites.The Cenozoic basaltic andesites in the Russian Far East formed in early and have SiO 2 = 55.42-57.34wt.%, Al 2 O 3 = 14.61-15.01wt.%, MgO = 4.92-5.78wt.%, Fe2O3 = 8.58-8.89wt.%, Mg# [= 100Mg/(Mg+Fe 2+ )] = 53.1-56.3,CaO = 5.82-6.62wt.%, (Na 2 O+K 2 O) = 5.15-6.45wt.%,belonging chemically to sub-alkaline series and high-Mg andesites.These high-Mg andesites are enriched in LILEs, relatively depleted in HFSEs, enriched in Sr-Nd-Hf-K isotopic compositions ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr = 0.705629 -0.705893, εNd = -4.9 to -3.4, and εHf = -4.7 to -2.6) and have low radioactive Pb isotopes compositions ( 206 Pb/ 204 Pb = 16.757 -19.187, 207 Pb/ 204 Pb = 15.424 -15.448, 208 Pb/ 204 Pb = 36.711-37.107), similar to those of EM1, indicating that the recycled ancient crustal material could be involved in origin of these high-Mg andesites.Additionally, the Russian Far East Cenozoic high-Mg andesites, together with the Xunke Cenozoic high-Mg andesites in NE China 1 , are located above the stagnant slab front (600 km depth) within the mantle transition zone.The recycled ancient crustal material and high water contents (subsequently high degree of partial melting) within the stagnant slab front should be responsible for the formation of intraplate high-Mg andesites in NE Asia.Compared with the Cenozoic potassic basalts near study area 2 , these intraplate high-Mg andesites could experience higher degree of partial melting of materials in the source.
Deaths in triathletes: immersion pulmonary oedema as a possible cause

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background/aim To address the question as to whether immersion pulmonary oedema (IPO) may be a common cause of death in triathlons, markers of swimming-induced pulmonary oedema (SIPO) susceptibility were sought in triathletes' postmortem examinations. Methods Deaths while training for or during triathlon events in the USA and Canada from October 2008 to November 2015 were identified, and postmortem reports requested. We assessed obvious causes of death; the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH); comparison with healthy triathletes. Results We identified 58 deaths during the time period of the review, 42 (72.4%) of which occurred during a swim. Of these, 23 postmortem reports were obtained. Five individuals had significant (≥70%) coronary artery narrowing; one each had coronary stents; retroperitoneal haemorrhage; or aortic dissection. 9 of 20 (45%) with reported heart mass exceeded 95th centile values. LV free wall and septal thickness were reported in 14 and 9 cases, respectively; of these, 6 (42.9%) and 4 (44.4%) cases exceeded normal values. 6 of 15 individuals (40%) without an obvious cause of death had excessive heart mass. The proportion of individuals with LVH exceeded the prevalence in the general triathlete population. Conclusions LVH—a marker of SIPO susceptibility—was present in a greater than the expected proportion of triathletes who died during the swim portion. We propose that IPO may be a significant aetiology of death during the swimming phase in triathletes. The importance of testing for LVH in triathletes as a predictor of adverse outcomes should be explored further.