jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Latin American feminist epistemologies: A crossroads “junto-a-otras but “no-junta-a-todas”

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this work is to tie three lines of work—Latin American thought, feminist epistemologies, and decolonial turn—and within this frame to state a problem. The initial trial includes readings of Gayle Rubin on the sex/gender system based on Karl Marx’s, Levi Strauss’s, and Sigmund Freud’s criticism, and from there it addresses María Lugones’s approach on the modern colonial gender system. The proposal of decolonial feminism in the voices of Breny Mendoza, Ochy Curiel and Yuderkys Espinosa is presented and analyzed, taking the option of unmasking the colonial logic of the White occidental feminists and emphasizing the epistemic urgency of a crossroads as an emergence of a Latin American feminist epistemology.
Secondary Metabolites fromSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSpecies with Anticancer Potential

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Chemotherapeutic agents produce from numerous sources such as animals, plants and micro-organisms are derived from the natural products. Although the existing therapeutic pipeline lacks fungal-derived metabolites, but hundreds of secondary metabolites derived from fungi are known to be possible chemotherapies. Over the past three decades, several secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic and polyketides have been developed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae species with exciting activities that considered valued for the growth of new chemotherapeutic agents. Many secondary metabolites are protective compounds which prevent abiotic and biotic stresses, i.e. predation, infection, drought and ultraviolet. Though not taking part in a living cell’s central metabolism, secondary metabolites play an important role in the function of an organism. Nevertheless, due to slow biomass build-up and inadequate synthesis by the natural host the yield of secondary metabolites is low by direct isolation. A detailed comprehension of biosynthetic pathways for development of secondary metabolites are necessary for S. cerevisiae biotransformation. These metabolites have higher inhibitory effect, specificity among cancer and normal cells, and the mechanism of non-apoptotic cell killing. This study shows the significance of bioactive compounds produced by S. cerevisiae species with their possible activity and value in chemotherapeutic drugs pipeline. The isolation and alteration of these natural secondary metabolites would promote the development of chemotherapeutic drugs.
Lithium Plating and Stripping: Toward Anode‐Free Solid‐State Batteries

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely used in portable electronic devices, the transportation sector, and grid storage. However, LIB anodes are restricted to carbon‐based materials limiting their energy density. Recently, the use of metallic Li as the anode in Li‐metal (LMBs) and solid‐state (LMSSBs) batteries has gained attention due to the high energy densities it can provide. Herein, the research progress in the field to derive a broad picture of the technologies relying on Li metal as the anode is critically assessed. It is essential to understand the Li plating and stripping processes in terms of fundamental electrochemical and physical mechanisms to address the challenges of employing metallic Li. Anode‐free Li‐metal batteries (AFLMBs) and anode‐free solid‐state batteries (AFSSBs) are the most attractive systems discussed in this review. AFLMBs are highly studied, but safety concerns due to Li dendrite growth and side reactions between plated Li metal and liquid electrolyte are some key challenges yet to be resolved. AFSSBs are the ultimate goal in this field, as utilizing a solid‐state electrolyte (SSE) can prevent dendrites at moderate charging rates and realize the potential of the anode‐free battery. However, the general problems with the use of SSEs remain and require substantial research efforts.
Mid-infrared nanospectroscopy of individual DNA-binding protein oligomers

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Photothermal expansion nanospectroscopy with a tunable mid-infrared quantum cascade laser is employed to acquire the infrared nanospectroscopy spectra of individual oligomers of a DNA-binding protein relevant for neurological diseases. Oligomers down to 100 nm diameter and 10 nm thickness are targeted leveraging on the high lateral resolution provided by the nanospectroscopy approach.
Synthesis of superabsorbent polymer microspheres

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Objective To synthesize the superabsorbent polymer microspheres. Methods The microspheres were prepared when using cyclohexane as the dispersing phase, span 60 as the dispersing agent, PEG-diacrylate as the cross-linker and potassium persulfate as the initiator. Results The amounts of water absorption of the microspheres were 715.1 g/g in deionized water and 112.3 g/g in saline. Conclusion The performance of the superabsorbent polymer microspheres is greatly affected by initial concentrations of dispersing agent and cross-linker, reaction temperature, agitation speed and dripping speed of the starting material.
Deposition of a Sorbent into a Recession on a Solid Support To Provide a New, Mechanically Robust Solid-Phase Microextraction Device

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

To date, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers used for in vivo bioanalysis can be too fragile and flexible, which limits suitability for direct tissue sampling. As a result, these devices often require a sheathing needle to prepuncture robust sample matrixes and protect the extraction phase from mechanical damage. To address this limitation, a new SPME device is herein presented which incorporates an extraction phase recessed into the body of a solid needle. This device requires no additional support or shielding during puncture events through protective tissue. The presented device was thoroughly tested, being fired at 90 m·s-1 through fish scales, forced through vial septa, and employed in a targeted study of polyunsaturated fatty acids in salmon where the protective outer skin was repetitively punctured during sampling. Finally, the recessed SPME device was applied to an on-site application for the tissue analysis of wild muskellunge. With this advancement, rapid, minimally invasive, and easily executed in vivo SPME is now possible opening the door to near endless sampling opportunities.
STUDY OF ANTIULCER ACTIVITY OF ROOTS OF ALANG IUM SALVIFOLIUM LINN. IN PYLORUS LI GATED RATS

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Different extract s of A la ngium salvifolium Linn. roots were tested for its anti ulcer activity in aspirin induced and pylorus li gated rats model. The effect was assessed by parameters like Total acidity(TA),Free acidity(FA),Peptic activity(PA), Ulcer Index(UI) .The anti u cler activity of all extracts were compared to the stan dard drug ranitidine. The study showed that all extracts were showing reductions TA, PA, FA and UI among which the extract of petroleum ether showed significant reduction upon those parameters. Alangium salvifolium Linn ( 400mg/kg ) (PE extracts) shows compl ete inhibition ulceration and results are at par with ( 5mg/kg ) of ranitidine.
A trajectory based event classification from UAV videos and its evaluation framework

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Videos from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) platform have become more available in the surveillance community. As the number of video samples are increasing, automated analysis of these videos have become important. In this paper, we describe the task of vehicle movement event classification in videos taken from UAV. Given object track information from UAV video sequences, we processed the noisy trajectories to make reliable so that we can classify each trajectory as movement event using trajectory curvature and speed. We also derived an evaluation methodology framework and tested our method with a public UAV dataset.
HPA system in anxiety disorder patients treated with cognitive behavioural therapy: A review

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Anxiety disorders (AD) have a complex etiology involving genetic, psychophysiological and environmental factors. Recent biomarker research in AD shows alterations in anatomical, biochemical and physiological pathways as well as in endocrinological processes. Perceived stress is one of the factors often reported in relation to the onset and the course of AD. Hence, the function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the endogenous system regulating the stress response homeostasis, may serve as biomarker in disease etiology and response to treatment. Vice versa, successful treatment could have an advantageous effect on the function of the HPA system. In the present review, we summarize findings on the HPA system in relation to AD and first results on its modifiability in response to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), one of the most efﬁcacious psychotherapeutic treatments for AD. We specifically focus on findings of experimental studies that explored cortisol levels before, during and after exposure-based CBT. A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and in references of retrieved studies until April 2024. The inclusion criteria were studies enclosing keywords related to the HPA axis, an anxiety disorder and CBT techniques. The results of the summarized studies suggest that cortisol levels have the potential to indicate the AD disease status and serve as possible biomarker in outcome prediction. Global dysfunction of the HPA system seems to point to higher symptom burden and less advantageous response to CBT. Furthermore, low cortisol levels elicited in relation to exposure interventions are repeatedly associated with risk for non-response. Additionally, some evidence suggests that successful CBT containing exposure sessions as well as cognitive techniques induces normalization of the HPA system by reducing acute response to fear related stimuli in parallel to normalizing basal cortisol levels. To conclude, cortisol seems to be a promising candidate to depict several aspects of AD-related disease status and CBT effects, however, additional prospective studies are needed to evaluate the mode of applications of this marker in the clinical routine.
Applications of Gr¨ obner bases to the structural description and realization of multidimensional convolutional code

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Over the past few years, multidimensional convolutional code has become an emerging area of research in the signal processing community. While one-dimensional convolutional code and its variants have been thoroughly understood, the m-D counterpart still lacks unified notation and efficient encoding/decoding implementation. Here, the strong link between the theory of Grbases and m-D convolutional code is explored. Several applications of Gr ¨ obner bases to the characterization of m-D convolutional encoders are proposed. Furthermore, the more practical problem of minimal encoder realization is discussed and an algebraic algorithm based on the use of Gr ¨ obner bases is provided. From the implementation point of view, the syndrome decoder is currently the only means for decoding m-D convolutional code. A constructive method for computing the syndrome decoding matrix using the theory of syzygy modules is proposed.
Advancements in CO2 capture by absorption and adsorption: A comprehensive review

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

In the face of escalating global climate challenges, effective carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture techniques remain at the forefront of mitigating anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. This comprehensive review elucidates the latest advancements in CO₂ capture, emphasizing two predominant methodologies: absorption and adsorption. We delve into the mechanisms underlying each process, highlighting the novel materials and technologies that have emerged over recent years. For absorption, the focus is placed on the material design strategy, and identifying new materials in the class of amines, ionic liquids (ILs) and nanofluids for enhanced CO2 capture capacities and reduced energy requirements. In the realm of adsorption, the synthesis of innovative adsorbents, such as metal organic framework (MOF), organic polymers, inorganic adsorbents, silicon-based adsorbents, and biochar and byproducts from biomass with superior selectivity and stability, is explored. Additionally, the review addresses the challenges associated with each method, offering insights into potential avenues for further research. By providing a holistic overview of the current landscape of CO₂ capture, this article serves as a pivotal resource for researchers and industry professionals aiming to advance sustainable solutions to combat climate change.
2Integrated Intelligent Systems Japanese–Hungarian Laboratory,

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract: This paper presents a case study how to apply the recently proposed TP model transformation technique, that has been introduced for nonlinear state-feedback control design, to nonlinear observer design. The study is conducted through an example. This example treats the question of observer design to the pro-totypical aeroelastic wing section with structural nonlinearity. This type of model has been traditionally used for the theoretical as well as experimental analysis of two- dimensional aeroelastic behavior. The model investigated in the paper de-scribes the nonlinear plunge and pitch motion of a wing, and exhibits complex non-linear behavior. In preliminary works this prototypical aeroelastic wing section was stabilized by a state-feedback controller designed via TP model transformation and linear matrix inequalities. Numerical simulations are used to provide empirical val-idation of the resulting observer. 1
Illicit Use of LSD or Psilocybin, but not MDMA or Nonpsychedelic Drugs, is Associated with Mystical Experiences in a Dose-Dependent Manner

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Psychedelic drugs have long been known to be capable of inducing mystical or transcendental experiences. However, given the common "recreational" nature of much present-day psychedelic use, with typical doses tending to be lower than those commonly taken in the 1960s, the extent to which illicit use of psychedelics today is associated with mystical experiences is not known. Furthermore the mild psychedelic MDMA ("Ecstasy") is more popular today than "full" psychedelics such as LSD or psilocybin, and the contribution of illicit MDMA use to mystical experiences is not known. The present study recruited 337 adults from the website and newsletter of the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), most of whom reported use of a variety of drugs both licit and illicit including psychedelics. Although only a quarter of the sample reported "spiritual" motives for using psychedelics, use of LSD and psilocybin was significantly positively related to scores on two well-known indices of mystical experiences in a dose-related manner, whereas use of MDMA, cannabis, cocaine, opiates and alcohol was not. Results suggest that even in today's context of "recreational" drug use, psychedelics such as LSD and psilocybin, when taken at higher doses, continue to induce mystical experiences in many users.
Application of decision support tool in design-build projects: a quasi-experiment with novice decision makers

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Purpose Design-Build (DB) is known as the alternative for Design-Bid-Build in the Malaysian construction industry. For DB projects, it is critical to adopt effective decision support tool to ensure the execution of a systematic decision-making technique. This study aimed to examine the impact of a decision support tool for novice decision makers to reject or adopt DB for their construction projects. Design/methodology/approach Literature review and qualitative input from experts identified several key-selection factors pertaining to critical success factors and design-build drivers. This resulted in the development of Decision Support Tool for Design-Build (DST-DB). A quasi-experiment, which involved 382 novice decision makers in the construction industry, was conducted to test the DST-DB quantitatively. The participants were required to compare two construction projects using DST-DB and traditional decision-making methods. Multivariate analysis was performed to analyse all collected data. Findings The quasi-experiment data suggests that DST-DB enables significantly higher usability, likelihood, precision, confidence and satisfaction rate when compared to the traditional decision-making process. The pre- and post-surveys indicated that the DST-DB is effective in improving decision-making performance through selection factors of client-briefing, maximised resources and sharing expertise. The participants also agreed that DST-DB is easy to use and helps them to gain better understanding of the decision-making process for construction projects. Originality/value This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge through the impact of DST on the decisions of novices. The novice decision makers found that DST-DB is practically adaptable and comparatively effective for decision-making process than traditional decision-making methods. This contributes to the practical application of construction companies to provide DST-DB training to the fresh graduate employees to enhance their competencies in the decision-making process.
Shaping the Future of Fuel: Monolithic Metal–Organic Frameworks for High-Density Gas Storage

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

The environmental benefits of cleaner, gaseous fuels such as natural gas and hydrogen are widely reported. Yet, practical usage of these fuels is inhibited by current gas storage technology. Here, we discuss the wide-ranging potential of gas-fuels to revolutionize the energy sector and introduce the limitations of current storage technology that prevent this transition from taking place. The practical capabilities of adsorptive gas storage using porous, crystalline metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are examined with regard to recent benchmark results and ultimate storage targets in this field. In particular, the industrial limitations of typically powdered MOFs are discussed while recent breakthroughs in MOF processing are highlighted. We offer our perspective on the future of practical, rather than purely academic, MOF developments in the increasingly critical field of environmental fuel storage.
Studies on the constituents of Hedera rhombea Bean. II. On the dammarane triterpene glycosides. 1.

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Four triterpene glycosides, named Kizuta saponins K4 (I), K5 (II), K7 (III) and K7C (IV), were isolated from the stem and bark of Hedera rhombea BEAN (Araliaceae). On the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence, they were characterized as follows : I, 3-O-acetyl-20 (S)-dammar-24-ene-3β, 6α, 20, 26-tetraol 26-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ; II, 3-oxo-20 (S) -dammar-24-ene-6α, 20, 26-triol 26-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ; III, 20 (S) -dammar-24-ene-3β, 6α, 20, 26-tetrol 26-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ; IV, 20 (S) -dammar-24-ene-3β, 20, 26-triol 3, 26-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside.
Effects of phyllotaxy on variation and inner relationships of leaflet traits in compound-leaved plants.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

To understand the distribution pattern of leaflet traits in compound-leaved along with phyllotaxy, we selected three compound-leaved trees with opposite phyllotaxy in Xiaoxing' an Mountains, Fraxinus mandshurica, Phellodendron amurense, Juglans mandshurica, as the research objects. We measured leaf thickness, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, palisade tissue thickness, spongy tissue thickness, ratio of palisade tissue thickness to spongy tissue thickness, and carbon content, nitrogen content, phosphorus content of leaflets at different phyllotaxy positions. We analyzed the variation of leaflet traits with phyllotaxy and the influence of phyllotaxy on the inner relationships between leaflet traits. The results showed that the variation of leaflet area, leaflet dry matter content, spongy tissue thickness and ratio of palisade tissue thickness to spongy tissue thickness with the increase of phyllotaxy were mainly divided into three types: increase, decrease, first increase and then decrease. Leaflet thickness, specific leaflet area, palisade tissue thickness, as well as nutrient contents did not change with phyllotaxy. Within compound leaves of three species, the variation coefficients and plasticity index of leaflet thickness, leaflet area, specific leaflet area, leaflet dry matter content, palisade tissue thickness, spongy tissue thickness, ratio of palisade tissue thickness to spongy tissue thickness ranged from 6.1% to 28.6% and from 0.14 to 0.70, respectively. Phyllotaxy had a significant effect on the bivariate correlation between leaflet traits. Specific leaflet area and leaflet dry natter content were negatively correlated in different phyllotaxy positions of F. mandshurica and J. mandshurica. Leaflet nitrogen content and phosphorus content showed a positive correlation in different phyllotaxy positions of F. mandshurica and P. amurense. The first and secondary leaflets (the first leaflets farthest from the base of the petiole) of J. mandshurica showed a conservative strategy, while the seventh and eighth leaflets showed an acquisition strategy. Leaflets of F. mandshurica and P. amurense did not show different ecological strategies.
The Effects of Bilateral Arm Training on Motor Control and Functional Performance in Chronic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background. Most studies of bilateral arm training (BAT) did not employ a randomized controlled trial design and involved very limited functional training tasks. Objective . Compare the effects of BAT with control intervention (CI) on motor control and motor performance of the upper extremity and also functional gains in patients with chronic stroke. Methods. This 2-group randomized controlled trial with pretreatment and posttreatment measures enrolled 33 stroke patients (mean age = 53.85 years) 6 to 67 months after onset of a first stroke. They received either a BAT program concentrating on both upper extremities moving simultaneously in functional tasks by symmetric patterns or CI (control treatment) for 2 hours on weekdays for 3 weeks. Outcome measures included kinematic analyses assessing motor control strategies for unilateral and bimanual reaching and clinical measures involving the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) of motor-impairment severity and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the Motor Activity Log (MAL) evaluating functional ability. Results. After treatment, the BAT group showed better temporal and spatial efficiency during unilateral and bilateral tasks and less online error correction only during the bilateral task than the control group. The BAT group showed a significantly greater improvement in the FMA than the control group but not in the FIM and MAL. Conclusions. Relative to CI, BAT improved the spatiotemporal control of the affected arm in both bilateral and unilateral tasks, decreased online corrections to perform bilateral tasks, and reduced motor impairment. These findings support the use of BAT to improve motor control and motor function of the affected upper limb in stroke patients.