jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Recollection of Myths and Linguistic Construction of the Marwari Identity

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Marwari is one of the widely spoken languages in Rajasthan, with 45–50 million people speaking it in the Marwar region of western Rajasthan, India. Although historically linked with the Mahajani script, Marwari is usually written in the Devanagari script indicating the broader socio-cultural changes that take place within the society. They have developed their own socio-cultural identity, molded by both internal and external factors. The present study is carried out to examine how these changes, including dialectal differences, form and are affected by the linguistic construction of Marwari identity. The Marwaris of Rajasthan are seen to confront a variety of obstacles in terms of preservation, standardization, and recognition, particularly in the context of national and regional identity movements. So, this study addresses the research problem by examining how the linguistic practices, including dialectal variants, contribute to the development and reinforcement of Marwari identity, as well as how these practices have evolved over time in response to sociopolitical influences. The data gathered for this study are based on sociolinguistic approach, including qualitative interviews, participant observation, and textual analysis to explore the changing relation between language and identity. It also focuses on the mythological, historical, and sociopolitical settings of Marwari identity assertion movements, examining their impact on linguistic outcomes. Thus, this study reveals that in Marwari community, the dialectal variances are not only related to linguistic differences but they are intricately linked to socio-cultural identity, influencing how Marwari speakers see themselves and are regarded by others. It also emphasizes the need for deeper understanding of knowledge on how language and identity interact within the Marwari-speaking community, as well as insights into the larger dynamics of language preservation and cultural continuity.
An Optimal Round-Trip Route Planning Method for Tourism Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The optimization of the travel route for a round-trip is not only a customized demand made by a large number of independently guided tourists but also an essential practical issue for the development of tourism management and tourism businesses. In light of this, the study presents a genetic algorithm (GA) as a potential solution to the problem of how to visit a number of tourist destinations within a constrained area in order to quickly determine the shortest tourist route. To traverse areas or regions with the least amount of physical exertion, select the correct and shortest route. Examining all potential routes from the starting point to the destination will allow you to determine the quickest route. A condensed explanation of the enhanced GA is provided to start. The second step is to analyze the model’s construction and solution in detail. Next, an enhanced genetic algorithm (IGA) is utilized to determine the optimal travel route for visiting a variety of tourist attractions. In accordance with the optimal travel route, the required number of days and specific travel arrangements are then estimated. In conclusion, the GA is optimized, and a simulation examination of each individual’s average path convergence is conducted. The results of the experiments indicate that the IGA can be effectively applied to the path planning of multiple scenic locations, the selection of the shortest travel route, the reduction of travel expenses, and the saving of travel time. This has important implications for both research and practical applications, as well as a high research significance and practical value.
Calculation of Flux Leakage Coefficient of PMSM with Interior V-Type Magnets and FSCW

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper deals with the flux leakage coefficient calculation of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with interior V-type magnets and fractional slot concentrated windings (FSCW). The leakage flux coefficient reflects the effective utilization of total flux provided by the permanent magnet to the external magnetic circuit. It is an important parameter to improve the performance of PMSM with V-type magnets and FSCW. It is essential to compute the motor characteristics by the analytical method (AM).
Reaction of Right Issues and Debenture Issues on Share Prices: Evidence from Sri Lanka

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Right issues and debenture issues are the types of methods for raising capital to finance organizations. These events are fully affected to stock prices. This paper studies the effect on the share price of listed firms on the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) to the right issue announcements and debenture issue announcements. The study consists of 85 right issue announcements and 106 debenture issue announcements over the 2012-2019 periods (8 years). The study analyses the share price performance of companies in the period immediately prior and post their right issue announcements and debenture issue announcements by using daily data for 281 days. All share price index for 281 days were used to estimate the market return. The analytical tool is the event study methodology in which the market model is used to calculate the abnormal returns of the study by using the secondary data. The observational findings indicate that the average abnormal return and cumulative average abnormal return of right issue announcements are statistically significant at a confidence level of 95 at the announcement day "0". Cumulative average abnormal returns were reported positively until the day of -1 and then shifted negatively. The results are statically significant around the day of announcements. That means the right issue announcements are affecting the stock prices. For the debenture issue announcements, there are both negative and positive average abnormal returns in the event period. The debenture issue announcements have positive average abnormal returns at the announcement day "0," and the value is statistically not significant. All of the cumulative average abnormal returns in the event period are more than their critical value and statistically significant. That means the debenture issue announcements are affecting the stock prices in the Colombo stock exchange. And the cumulative average abnormal returns represent the negative slope in the pre-event period. Further, it is continuing in the post-event period. Keywords: Colombo Stock Exchange, Debenture issue announcement, Right issue announcements, Market model, Stock prices
Chemical fingerprinting of plants

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The chemical fingerprinting of a plant demands the determination of a large number of elements at background level but also in polluted regions and in relation to other species. The most important stages of the development of plant fingerprints are mentioned in this paper and a short survey of the state of the art is presented. Examples on fingerprinting of lichens, mosses, Taraxacum officinale and Populus nigra ‘Italica’ are presented.
Effect of Vernonia amygdalina leaf meal on growth performance, intestinal mucosa activity, digestive enzymes, absorption capacity, and immunity in broiler chickens

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Gut health is multifaceted and is largely influenced by the rearing environment and the diet. The use of phytochemicals rich in phenolics and flavonoids can improve the digestive health of chickens and lead to better growth performance. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dietary Vernonia amygdalina leaf meal (VALM) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, absorption function, organ weights and immunity of broilers. Two hundred and forty, one-day-old male Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups: an unsupplemented control and VA-1, VA-3 and VA-5 receiving VALM incorporation at concentrations of 1, 3 and 5 g/kg, respectively. Each treatment had six replicates of 10 chickens. On d 42, six chickens per replicate were isolated and euthanised. Digesta from the jejunal segments (10 cm) was collected for analysis of the digestive enzymes. The remaining digesta was then washed out with ice-cold phosphate-buffered saline before the jejunal segments (10 cm) were opened longitudinally to collect the mucosa by scraping. For the preparation of the homogenate, intestinal mucosa samples were homogenised with 154 mmol/l of ice-cold sodium chloride solution and centrifuged at 4 °C for 900 s. To determine immunoglobulins, glutathione and D-xylose, the supernatant was extracted and stored at -20 °C. Supplementation with VALM did not significantly influence the relative weights of organs in the different treatments. However, VALM at 3 g/kg caused a significant increase in amylase and trypsin concentration ( P <0.05). Immunoglobulin A and intestinal secretory immunoglobulin G concentrations were significantly improved ( P <0.05) in the birds fed 3 g/kg VALM. This supported the premise that 3 g/kg VALM in feed can improve gastric immunity status and digestive enzyme secretion.
Piezoceramic shunted damping concept: testing, modelling and correlation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

\n New laboratory tests are presented for the experimental \nevaluation and assessment of the piezoceramic shunted damping (PSD) concept for cantilever Aluminium thin (long) beams bonded symmetrically on their upper/lower surfaces with single pairs of small piezoceramic \npatches. Following these tests outcome, the PSD efficiency measure is \nproposed to be the so-called modal effective electromechanical coupling coefficient, which is post-processed from free-vibrations analyses under short-circuit and open-circuit electrodes of the patches. For this purpose, the tests are numerically modelled, analysed, and correlated using ABAQUS® commercial finite element (FE) code. Good tests/models correlations were reached after FE models electromechanical updating. This is attributed to the refined FE models in the sense that they have considered realistic and desirable features such as, electrodes equipotentiality, piezoceramic patches poling orientations (same/opposite), and the corresponding (parallel/series) electric wiring (connections).\n\n
Improving Energy Consumption by Using Cluster Based Routing Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Multi-path is favorite alternative for sensor networks, as it provides an easy mechanism to distribute traffic, as well as considerate fault tolerance. In this paper, a new clustering based multi path routing protocol namely ECRR (Energy efficient Cluster based Routing algorithm for improving Reliability) is proposed, which is a new routing algorithm and guarantees the achievement to required QoS of wireless sensor networks and can reduces the energy consumption. Proposed protocol has better performance in comparison the existing ones.
Infestation of Diaphania indica Saund. on cucurbits

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract In the first week of August 1970, seven cucurbitaceous plants namely Cucumis melo momordica, Lagenaria vulgaris, Cucurbita moschata, Citrulus vulgaris fistulossus, Luffa cylindrica, Luffa acutangula and Momordica charantia were surveyed for infestation of Diaphania indica Saunders. The survey was followed by laboratory experiments to find out the suitability of these plants as hosts. Development and longevity of the insect varied with respect to these hosts. Momordica charantia perhaps possessed a toxic factor which inhibited the development of the pest. Cucumis melo momordica was found to be the most suitable host plant in all respects and Luffa acutangula , the least so. Zusammenfassung Befall von Cucurbiteen dutch Diaphania indica Saund. Anfang August 1970 wurden 7 Arten von Cucurbiteen auf ihren Befall durch D. indica , sowie auf ihre Eignung als Nahrungspflanze für diesen Schädling untersucht. Entwicklungszeit, Larvengewicht, Verpuppungsprozent, Verpuppungsdauer, Schlüpfprozent und Lebensdauer der Adulten waren je nach Wirtspflanze verschieden. Cucumis melo momordica war sowohl für den Schädling als Wirtspflanze am besten geeignet. Luffa acutangula stellte das andere Extrem dar. Momordica charantia scheint einen toxischen Faktor zubesitzen, der die Entwicklung des Insektes verzögert.
Seventy‐five years of impactful environmental and occupational health research at the Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine at New York University

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Founded in 1947 as the Institute of Industrial Medicine, the Nelson Institute and Department of Environmental Medicine at New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine (NYUGSOM) was supported by a National Institute of Environmental Health Science (NIEHS) Center Grant for over 56 years. Nelson Institute researchers generated 75 years of impactful research in environmental and occupational health, radiation effects, toxicology, and cancer. Environmental health research is continuing at NYUGSOM in its departments of medicine and population health. The objective of this historical commentary is to highlight the major achievements of the Nelson Institute and the department in the context of its history at facilities in Sterling Forest, Tuxedo, NY and Manhattan, NY. Aspects of our discussion include leadership, physical facilities, and research in many areas, including air pollution, health effects of environmental radiation exposures, inhalation toxicology methodology, carcinogenesis by chemicals, metals, and hormones, cancer chemoprevention, human microbiome, ecotoxicology, epidemiology, biostatistics, and community health concerns. The research of the institute and department benefited from unique facilities, strong leadership focused on team‐based science, and outstanding investigators, students, and staff. A major lasting contribution has been the training of hundreds of graduate students and postdoctoral fellows, many of whom have been and are training the next generation of environmental and occupational health researchers at various institutions.
Tri-Service Corrosion Conference

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ELECTRONIC FILE CHARACTERISTICS: 3 files; Adobe Acrobat (.PDF). PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 1 computer laser optical disc (CD-ROM); 4 3/4 in.; 63.5 MB. SYSTEMS DETAIL NOTE: ABSTRACT: Proceedings of the 2002 Tri-Service Corrosion Conference. The purpose of the conference is to promote interaction among the military services through a forum wherein the Federal Government's corrosion technologists and interested defense contractors have an open exchange of the latest corrosion issues relevant to military systems. Moreover, these conferences provide increased visibility of DoD corrosion control and prevention efforts and promote novel and innovative solutions to DoD corrosion problems. The exchange of information encourages cooperative efforts aiding in the development of integrated corrosion prevention and control technologies.
Chest X-Ray Image Denoising Using Nesterov Optimization Method with Total Variation Regularization

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We propose a chest X-Ray image denoising method based on Total variation regularization with implementation on the Nesterov optimization method. The denoising problem is formulated in the form of the second-order cone programming problem and then it is transformed to a saddle point problem under the min-max form. The chest X-Ray images are also processed by the Anscombe transform to be appropriate for the formulated denoising problem. In the experiments, we test on chest X-Ray images of the Radiopaedia dataset. Denoising results are evaluated by using the Peak signal-to-noise ratio and the Structure similarity metrics. Based on the image quality assessment metrics, we compared images quality after denoising of the proposed method with ones of other similar denoising methods. The results confirmed that the proposed method outperforms other compared denoising methods.
Kinetics of the reaction between hypophosphite and perruthenate ions in alkaline, aqueous solutions

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of the reaction between hypophosphite and perruthenate ions in alkaline, aqueous solutionsSamuel J. Paton and C. H. Brubaker, Jr.Cite this: Inorg. Chem. 1973, 12, 6, 1402–1404Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50124a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50124a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views98Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A case of atrial septal defect complicating myocardial infarction. Severe heart failure induced by balloon occlusion of ASD.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A 58 year old man with an acute, extensive anterior myocardial infarction was found to also have an atrial septal defect secundum. A cardiac catheterization study showed a large left to right shunt (Qp/Qs: 6.0). Since other clinical findings were not consistent with the prolonged existence of a large shunt, we considered it to be secondary to the myocardial infarction. Balloon occlusion of the ASD was carried out to predict the hemodynamics after the surgical correction, which soon resulted in severe left ventricular failure. Therefore, an operation was not feasible in this case.
PATENT CITATIONS INDICATING PRESENT VALUE OF THE BIOTECHNOLOGY BUSINESS

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In this paper our aim is to assess the potential of using patent statistics in predicting the future sales anticipations and present value of a company active in the science-based industry. Instead of using conventional patent and patent application counts as indicators, we constructed patent citation weighted portfolios for each company. This way the heterogeneity of patents can be taken into account. Our data covers biotechnology patents held by Finnish biotechnology companies. Empirical results imply that particularly backward citations are related to present value estimations of the companies. In contrast to some previous studies, forward citations do not seem to predict the present value estimations. The findings provide some important implications on interpreting the significance of patent citations regarding valuation of science-based companies, and planning technology and innovation policies.
Visualization of Plasmonic Couplings Using Ultrafast Electron Microscopy

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Hybrids of graphene and metal plasmonic nanostructures are promising building blocks for applications in optoelectronics, surface-enhanced scattering, biosensing, and quantum information. An understanding of the coupling mechanism in these hybrid systems is of vital importance to its applications. Previous efforts in this field mainly focused on spectroscopic studies of strong coupling within the hybrids with no spatial resolution. Here we report direct imaging of the local plasmonic coupling between single Au nanocapsules and graphene step edges at the nanometer scale by photon-induced near-field electron microscopy in an ultrafast electron microscope for the first time. The proximity of a step in the graphene to the nanocapsule causes asymmetric surface charge density at the ends of the nanocapsules. Computational electromagnetic simulations confirm the experimental observations. The results reported here indicate that this hybrid system could be used to manipulate the localized electromagnetic field on the nanoscale, enabling promising future plasmonic devices.
What Kind of Stress Is Associated with Depression, Anxiety and Suicidal Ideation in Korean Employees?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Various types of stress affect mental health in the form of mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and suicidal ideation. Recently, the increasing suicide rate in the working-age population has become a major mental health concern in Korea. Thus, we investigated what kind of stress influence depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation in Korean employees. The study participants were 189,965 employees who attended health screenings and responded to the Center for Epidemiologic Study-Depression Scale, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and a questionnaire on the major causes of stress and suicidal ideation. We investigated the major causes of stress by gender and age categories and used binary logistic regression to determine the impact of the causes of stress on depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation. Of several stress causes, work-related stress was the most prevalent, regardless of age category and gender, followed by interpersonal relationships. However, interpersonal relationships and financial problems were the predominant causes of stress related to depression or suicidal ideation. This research suggests that despite the fact that work is the most common cause of stress for Korean employees, stress related to life problems other than work has a greater influence on the mental health of Korean employees.
Chapter 1 PEACH-KOEHLER FORCES WITHIN THE THEORY OF NONLOCAL ELASTICITY

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We consider dislocations in the framework of Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity. The fundamental field equations of nonlocal elasticity are presented. Using these equations, the nonlocal force stresses of a straight screw and a straight edge dislocation are given. By the help of these nonlocal stresses, we are able to calculate the interaction forces between dislocations (Peach-Koehler forces). All classical singularities of the Peach-Koehler forces are eliminated. The extremum values of the forces are found near the dislocation line.
A New Dimeric Sesquiterpenoid from Chloranthus japonicus

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Phytochemical investigation into the whole plants of Chloranthus japonicus Sieb.led to isolation and identification of a new dimeric lindenane sesquiterpenoid, named chlojapolactone B (1), and two new phenolic derivatives (2 and 3).Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of HRESIMS and NMR spectroscopic data, and the absolute configuration of 1 was determined using the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analysis.