jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
The role of associations in regional innovation systems

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper addressed the need for research regarding the role of associations in innovation systems. As defined here, the term association embraces not only organisations like business associations, but all actors who associate to pursue joint objectives and positively influence their (regional) innovation system. In the innovation system's perspective, these associations perform intermediary functions. As the relevant activities are often initiated by individuals acting in specific environments and circumstances, we need to consider not only the level of the organisation (i.e. meso level), but also the macro level of the innovation system and the micro level of individuals. Against the background of economic and social theory, intrinsic motivations have therefore also been discussed. External conditions, like the mode of governance and the logic of influence are also relevant as these define the framework conditions. Over time, associations may evolve in line with changes in the environment and internal developments. This evolution can be regarded as a life cycle which is specific to each association. Different types of associations and their specific functions have been mentioned using the example of Germany. While each of the listed associations can be regarded as an individual case, we can also assume that there are certain traits which are shared by all of them. Thus, we proposed four hypotheses addressing the macro level, i.e. the level of the regional innovation system, the meso level, i.e. the level of the association, and the micro level, which considers the motivations of individuals. We further proposed an empirical concept to be applied to study the role of associations in innovation systems.
Preparation of three troponin components from puffer skeletal muscle.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The Ca(2+)-regulatory proteins, i. e., troponin C, I and T, were prepared from puffer skeletal muscle. The SDS-gel electrophoretic study indicated that the molecular weights of troponin C, I and T were 18, 20 and 30k daltons, respectively. The Ca(2+)-sensitivity of the ATPase activity of the puffer myofibrils was abolished by the removal of troponin C by the CDTA-treatment and then restored by the reconstitution with puffer skeletal troponin C. The treatment with excess troponin T of either puffer or rabbit skeletal muscle at slightly acidic condition resulted in the removal of troponins C and I from the puffer myofibrils. The reconstituted puffer troponin C-I-T gave the Ca(2+)-sensitivity to the ATPase activity of puffer desensitized myofibrils in the presence tropomyosin.
Employee Participation in the Decision-Making Process and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Role of Affective Commitment

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract Purpose : The purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between employee participation in the decision-making process (EPDMP) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) while considering the mediating role of affective commitment (AC). Methods : The article is based on primary cross-sectional data collected using questionnaires and applying a convenience sampling method among employees in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The sample consists of 302 employees from 127 companies across multiple industries. Results: First, there is a positive relationship between EPDMP and two dimensions of OCB – organizational citizenship behavior directed at individuals (OCBI) and organizational citizenship behavior directed at the organization (OCBO). Second, the findings suggest that AC mediates the relationship between EPDMP and OCBI and OCBO. Furthermore, OCBI is found to mediate the relationship between AC and OCBO. Conclusion: This article extends the literature by introducing the mediating role of AC in the relationship between EPDM and two dimensions of OCB and the mediating role of OCBI in the relationship between AC and OCBO.
To evaluate the role of plasma vitamin D level as a prognostic marker and its relation to in-hospital complications in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Deficiency in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D), the main circulating form of vitamin D in blood, could be involved in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). To date, however, the possible prognostic relevance of 25 (OH) D deficiency in ACS patients remains poorly defined. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between 25 (OH) D levels, at hospital admission, with in-hospital complications in an unselected cohort of ACS patients.Methods: We measured 25 (OH) D in 200 ACS patients at hospital presentation. Vitamin D serum levels >30 ng/mL were considered as normal; levels between 29 and 21 ng/mL were classified as insufficiency, and levels < 20 ng/mL as deficiency. In-hospital complications were evaluated according to 25 (OH) D levels.Results: In the study population 85(42.5%) patients had normal 25 (OH) D levels, whereas 36 (18%) and 79 (39.5%) had vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, respectively. The patients with vitamin D deficiency were associated with a higher risk for several in-hospital MACEs (major adverse clinical events) including mortality and it was statistically significant (P value < 0.05). The left ventricular function was more severely compromised in patients with vitamin D deficiency and it was statistically significant (P value < 0.05).Conclusions: In ACS patients, severe vitamin D deficiency is independently associated with poor in-hospital outcomes. Whether low vitamin D levels represent a risk marker or a risk factor in ACS remains to be elucidated.
Web-Based Smart Farm Visualization GIS Tool

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Visualization of data is much more vibrant and informative than a written description could ever be. Continued research on information visualization has resulted in discovery of a number of designs and variety of techniques. Number of people who are engaged in the research of natural products who often either conduct field collections themselves or collaborate with partners. The information gleaned from such collecting trips (e.g. longitude/latitude coordinates, geography, elevation and other field observations) has provided valuable data to the scientific community. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have been used to display, and analyze geographic data. The aim of the project is to provide a web interface to visualize data with geographic coordinates giving the ability to the users to select an area on the map, which will serve as an input for generating meaningful chart representation. Tools used in this project are JQuery, Google Maps/Charts, Spring MVC and MySQL database.
Ligand design package (Ludi--MSI) applied to known inhibitors of the HIV-1 protease. Test of performance.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Performance of the Ludi (Insight II--MSI, ver. 98.0) program for computer-aided Ligand Design was tested using four crystallographic complexes of inhibitors with the HIV-1 protease. Possibility of reconstruction of the side chains and the peptide bond of the inhibitors, as well as attempt to construct de novo the central parts of these inhibitors, starting from the native structure of the enzyme, was studied. Results points that Ludi, although helpful, is merely initial tool for computer aided drug design. Moreover, some improvement of the program code is needed.
A NIR-II absorbing conjugated polymer based on tetra-fused isoindigo with ultrahigh photothermal conversion efficiency for cancer therapy

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A fused polycyclic acceptor–acceptor type conjugated polymer was synthesized. Ultrastrong ε of 62.8 L g −1 cm −1 and high photothermal conversion efficiency of 91.5% at 1064 nm were obtained simultaneously.
FN1, a reliable prognostic biomarker for thyroid cancer, is associated with tumor immunity and an unfavorable prognosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Thyroid cancer (THCA) is a malignant tumor that affects the endocrine system. At present, an effective treatment for THCA remains elusive, particularly for medullary carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma, due to the lack of suitable medications and prognostic markers. Patient RNA-sequencing and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases. Protein-protein interaction analyses were performed for differentially expressed genes related to THCA. Moreover, the associations between fibronectin 1 (FN1), clinical data, immune checkpoint genes and immune cell infiltration was assessed. The potential functional role of the FN1 gene was evaluated through gene set enrichment analysis. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess FN1 expression in 103 cases of THCA, comprising 32 with papillary carcinoma, 30 with follicular carcinoma, 35 with medullary carcinoma and 6 with undifferentiated carcinoma. Finally, 11 co-expression modules were constructed and the expression of five identified hub genes (FN1, mucin-1, keratin 19, intracellular adhesion molecule 1 and neural cell adhesion molecule) were evaluated. The results demonstrated that higher FN1 gene expression levels were strongly associated with a higher pathologic stage and tumor stage, and were significantly associated with immune cell infiltration in THCA. Significant increases in FN1 protein expression levels were noted among patients diagnosed with four types of THCA, comprising papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma, medullary carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma. Patients diagnosed with medullary carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma, and with low FN1 expression levels, exhibited a significant survival advantage compared with those with high FN1 expression levels. In conclusion, the present study identified five hub genes involved in the onset and progression of THCA. Furthermore, FN1 could serve as a candidate biomarker and a therapeutic target for THCA and may be a key gene mediating THCA immune infiltration.
Fabry-Perot Interferometer Based on Suspended Core Fiber for Detection of Gaseous Ethanol

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An optical fiber tip sensor based on a Fabry–Perot interferometer is proposed for the detection of ethanol in the gas phase. The sensor is fabricated by fusion splicing one end of the suspended core fiber to a single mode fiber, whereas the other end is kept open to enable the interaction between the light propagating in the suspended core and the ethanol gas molecules. The sensor was tested with different percentages of ethanol, exhibiting a linear response between 0 and 100 wt.%, with a sensitivity of 3.9 pm/wt.%. The proposed sensor, with a length of a few hundred micrometers, can be an alternative solution for the detection of gaseous ethanol in foods or beverages, such as wines and distilled drinks.
<title>Two- and three-dimensional quantitative image analysis of coronary arteries from high-resolution histological sections</title>

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The study of coronary arteries has evolved from examining gross anatomy and morphology to scrutinizing micro-anatomy and cellular composition. Technological advances such as high-powered digital microscopes and high precision cutting devices have allowed clinicians to examine coronary artery morphology and pathology at micron resolution. Our work explores the composition of normal coronary arteries in order to provide the foundation for further study of remodeled tissue. The first of two coronary arteries was sliced into 442 sections with 4 micron inter-slice spacing. Each slice was stained for elastin and collagen. The second coronary artery was sectioned into 283 slices, also with 4 micron resolution. These slices were stained for cellular nuclei and smooth muscle. High sectioned into 283 slices, also with 4 micron resolution. These slices were stained for cellular nuclei and smooth muscle. High resolution light microscopy was used to image the sections. The data was analyzed for collagen/elastin content and nuclei density, respectively. Processing of this type of data is challenging in the areas of segmentation, visualization and quantification. Segmentation was confounded by variation in image quality as well as complexity of the coronary tissue. These problems were overcome by the development of 'smart' thresholding algorithms for segmentation. In addition, morphology and image statistics were used to further refine the result of the segmentation. Specificity/sensitivity analysis suggests that automatic segmentation can be very effective. 3D visualization of coronary arteries is challenging due to multiple tissue layers. Method such as summed voxel projection and maximum intensity projection appear to be effective. Shading methods also provide adequate visualization, however it is important to incorporate combined 2D and 3D displays. Surface rendering techniques are useful tools for visualizing parametric data. Quantification in 3D is simple in practice but appropriate descriptions of these results must be displayed to clinicians in a clear way. Preliminary results are promising, but continued development of algorithms for processing histological data is needed.
Deterministic signal processing of acoustic array outputs

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Acoustic signal processing currently relies heavily upon probabilistic assumptions concerning data and upon statistical properties of data to develop efficient processing principles. In contrast, deterministic signal processing uses only the actual sensor output amplitudes over a finite time (a data set) to estimate signal waveform and input power for that data set, employing no probabilistic assumptions or statistically based techniques. The major result presented is a demonstration of the improvement in output S/N and in signal waveform and power estimation of deterministic processing versus probabilitistic averaging under conditions of a priori unknown signal waveform and input power, very low input S/N, short processing time and small number of sensors. For example, with input S/N in the region of −15 to −30 dB, order of 3 to 10 sensors, and 5 to 20 time sampling points, improvements in output S/N on the order of 5 to 15 dB are achieved. These results are preceded by a summary of relevant deterministic properties of data sets and derivation of the deterministic algorithm used. Areas of further necessary work and implementation concepts are discussed. [Work supported by NUSC.]
Thomas Cook: flightpath to failure

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Theoretical basis To evaluate Thomas Cook’s financial condition, students deploy financial analysis techniques including comparative analysis. The role of financial reporting in impressions management is considered in two respects: firstly, the use of separately disclosed items by companies; and secondly, the treatment of goodwill on acquisition. Research methodology The case draws on a range of public data from Annual Reports and secondary sources including the Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy investigation into the failure of Thomas Cook. Case overview/synopsis Thomas Cook Group plc’s (Thomas Cook) was one of the oldest travel firms, yet its apparently sudden failure on 23 September 2019 left 600,000 holidaymakers stranded and sparked the largest ever peacetime repatriation of British citizens at cost of £83m to the Department of Transport. Around 9,000 employees who had expected to be paid on 30 September were left unpaid.Could CEO Peter Frankhauser have addressed the challenges faced by Thomas Cook more effectively during his tenure or was the company locked into a flightpath to failure? The case highlights the importance of context when performing financial analysis and encourages students to evaluate the challenges posed by the current standards related to accounting for goodwill and corporate reporting of underlying performance. Complexity academic level This case can be used in undergraduate financial reporting and current issues in accounting courses/modules at the postgraduate level.
Knowing How to Learn: Leadership, Knowledge Management, and the Challenge of Creating Learning Communities

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Este trabajo sostiene que el enfoque tradicional al cambio organizacional, el liderazgo, no es útil para ayudar a crear comunidades de aprendizaje, ya que alberga una teoría implausible de la mente y del aprendizaje. Proponemos que el marco más productivo es una perspectiva de la gestión del conocimiento actualizada, una vez se pone al día la teoría tradicional del conocimiento como una división entre lo «tácito» y lo «propositivo». La gestión del conocimiento tiene que adoptar las mejores explicaciones (neuro) científicas de la función cerebral, y de cómo adquieren el conocimiento los seres humanos: la cognición distribuida y la mente extendida. La mente extendida expande la cognición distribuida centrándose en el trabajo cognitivo realizado fuera del «cráneo y la piel», en nuestro entorno social y tecnológico. La mente, la fuente del aprendizaje humano, se entiende mejor, por lo tanto, como un sistema cognitivo distribuido que desafía los puntos de vista tradicionales de aprendizaje y de experiencia personal, y también señala otras formas más fructíferas para crear comunidades de aprendizaje sostenibles en la educación y otros lugares.
No paleoclimatic anomalies are associated with the late Eocene extraterrestrial impact events

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Two distinct extraterrestrial impacts events struck the Earth less than 25,000 years apart in the late Eocene, approximately 35.65 million years ago. These resulted in the Popigai (northern Siberia) and Chesapeake Bay (eastern North America) impacts structures, the largest of the Cenozoic era. To examine the paleoclimatic consequences attributed to the late Eocene Chesapeake and Popigai extraterrestrial impact events, we present multispecies planktonic and benthic foraminiferal oxygen (δ 18 O) and carbon (δ 13 C) isotope records. Here we generate data from the Gulf of Mexico, Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 94 covering 35.85 to 35.49 million years ago. No isotopic anomalies or excursions were recorded across the impact horizons. However, ~100,000 years before the impacts, a negative 0.75‰ δ 18 O shift occurs in planktonic foraminifera, coincident with a 0.25‰ positive change in benthic foraminifera. We interpret this as a warming of ~2 °C in the surface ocean, accompanied by 1 °C deep water cooling, but these modifications are before and not coeval with the impact horizons. Despite the close succession of two or more large extraterrestrial impact events within a short space of time (less than 25,000 years), our study from the Gulf of Mexico indicates no detectable paleoclimatic response.
Predation attempt of Phyllostomus hastatus on Artibeus jamaicensis in Panamá

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The family Phyllostomidae includes the species Phyllostomus hastatus, which is distinguished by its large size and wide distribution; it is an omnivorous bat that feeds mainly on invertebrates and fruits. However, there are reports of predation on small vertebrates, such as bats, of which the cases documented in the scientific literature are usually few. Using 2 5-ring mist nets, 12 m long by 2.5 m wide, placed mainly at ground level on the banks of the Pedro Miguel River, in an area of secondary tropical lowland vegetation, captures were made by monitoring the abundance and richness of bats in Camino de Cruces National Park. On July 30, 2024, in Camino de Cruces National Park, Panamá, we reported a predation attempt by P. hastatus on Artibeus jamaicensis. To the best of our knowledge, this constitutes the first predator-prey interaction between both bats and highlights the opportunistic role of P. hastatus as a predator.
Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility dan Intellectual Capital Pada Kinerja Keuangan

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The aim of this research is to know the influence of corporate social responsibility and intellectual capital on financial performance. Theories used are stakeholder, legitimacy, and resource-based theory. This research conducted on trading companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2017. The samples taken were 26 companies, by non-probability sampling method with purposive sampling technique. Data collected through non-participant observation. The analysis techniques used are descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumptions, and multiple linear analysis. Based on the analysis found that corporate social responsibility has no effect on financial performance. This indicates that the high and low disclosure of CSR will not affect the financial performance of the trade sector. The second hypothesis states that intellectual capital has a positive effect on financial performance. This indicates that the higher the intellectual capital, the higher the financial performance of the company. Combination of intellectual capital can enhance competitive advantage for companies. Keywords: Financial performance, corporate social responsibility, intellectual capital
Identification of Extracellular Matrix Proteins of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Involved in Dehydration-Responsive Network: A Proteomic Approach

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Water-deficit or dehydration impairs almost all physiological processes and greatly influences the geographical distribution of many crop species. It has been postulated that higher plants rely mostly on induction mechanisms to maintain cellular integrity during stress conditions. Plant cell wall or extracellular matrix (ECM) forms an important conduit for signal transduction between the apoplast and symplast and acts as front-line defense, thereby playing a key role in cell fate decision under various stress conditions. To better understand the molecular mechanism of dehydration response in plants, four-week-old rice seedlings were subjected to progressive dehydration by withdrawing water and the changes in the ECM proteome were examined using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Dehydration-responsive temporal changes revealed 192 proteins that change their intensities by more than 2.5-fold, at one or more time points during dehydration. The proteomic analysis led to the identification of about 100 differentially regulated proteins presumably involved in a variety of functions, including carbohydrate metabolism, cell defense and rescue, cell wall modification, cell signaling and molecular chaperones, among others. The differential rice proteome was compared with the dehydration-responsive proteome data of chickpea and maize. The results revealed an evolutionary divergence in the dehydration response as well as organ specificity, with few conserved proteins. The differential expression of the candidate proteins, in conjunction with previously reported results, may provide new insight into the underlying mechanisms of the dehydration response in plants. This may also facilitate the targeted alteration of metabolic routes in the cell wall for agricultural and industrial exploitation.