jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Achieving sustainability in the philosophy of art teaching and learning

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The significant development in the diversity of knowledge sources is an essential starting point for the development of teaching and learning methods in the higher education sector. Necessarily, this rapid development requires the development of planning and operational education strategies to provide learners with mechanisms and tools of thinking that enable them to follow the processes of research, analysis, criticism, evaluation and communication in a way that helps them to sustain their knowledge. This study adopted the selective and analytical approaches of ideas and theories of philosophy and pedagogy, aiming to induce results and recommendations for the development of teaching and learning processes. Specifically, in the field of philosophy of art, using the phenomenological approach emphasises the active and structured human presence. Thus, three main pillars were identified: obtaining knowledge; the will to knowledge – learner; and knowledge management – teacher. The study concluded with several methods and techniques that related to the processes of teaching, guidance and evaluation of the philosophy of art in the higher education sector. Keywords: Applied art, higher education, philosophy of art, teaching methods, learning methods, sustainable learning.
Jensen–Shannon Divergence Based on Horizontal Visibility Graph for Complex Time Series

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we propose Jensen–Shannon divergence (JSD) based on horizontal visibility graph (HVG) to measure the time series irreversibility for both stationary and non-stationary series efficiently. Numerical simulations are first conducted to show the validity of the proposed method and then empirical applications to the financial time series and traffic time series are investigated. It can be found that JSD shows better robustness than Kullback–Leibler divergence (KLD) on quantifying time series irreversibility and correctly distinguishes the different type of simulated series. For the empirical analysis, JSD based on HVG is able to detect the significant time irreversibility of stock indices and reveal the relationship between different stock indices. JSD results show the time irreversibility of speed time series for different detectors and present better accuracy and robustness than KLD. The hierarchical clustering based on their behavior of time irreversibility obtained by JSD classifies the detectors into four groups.
CALCULATING DEVELOPER CHARGES FOR URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE: A FEASIBLE METHOD FOR APPLYING MARGINAL COST PRICING

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT This paper considers the application of marginal cost pricing to the calculation of developer charges, also termed exactions or impact fees, in the contemporary urban environment. We derive an “ideal” measure of long-run marginal capacity cost (MCC) of urban infrastructure expansion. Given practical difficulties in estimating MCC, we develop an alternative Adjusted Amortization Method (AAM) with less onerous data requirements. Using a simulation model we compare the magnitudes of developer charges derived from the ideal MCC measure, our AAM method and three other common approaches to the measurement of MCC. Our results show that an adjusted version of the AAM formula performs very well.
Net Hydrogenation of Pt−NHPh Bond Is Catalyzed by Elemental Pt

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Synthesis and characterization of the monomeric complex ((t)bpy)Pt(Me)(NHPh) ((t)bpy = 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-dipyridyl) has been accomplished. Mechanistic studies reveal that 1,2-addition of dihydrogen across the Pt-anilido bond to initially produce ((t)bpy)Pt(Me)(H) and free aniline is catalyzed by elemental Pt rather than through a pathway that involves direct activation of H(2) by Pt and 1,2-addition across the Pt-NHPh bond.
Sustainability Dalam Rantai Pasok Global: Tinjauan Literatur Dari Perspektif Bisnis Internasional dan Manajemen Rantai Pasok

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In the context of supply chain management and international business, sustainability in global supply chains is crucial. This literature review synthesizes various studies to explore strategies, outcomes, and challenges related to sustainability initiatives in different organizational settings. The findings highlight the importance of stakeholder engagement, technological innovation, and regulatory compliance in promoting sustainable practices. Additionally, adopting green technologies and collaborating with suppliers are essential for enhancing sustainability and operational efficiency. Integrating Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and digital advancements is key to achieving competitive advantage and resilience in global markets.
Heat transfer study of novel cross vane expander-compressor unit

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With the growing concern of global warming, substantial efforts were made to improve energy efficiency and environmental friendliness of refrigeration systems. In 2014, a new type of expander-compressor unit called Cross Vane Expander-Compressor (CVEC) has been invented by Yap et al. [1]. A mathematical model that comprises of geometrical model, thermodynamics model and etc. is developed and simulated to study the working performance of CVEC. However, it is noticed that heat transfer is yet not taken into account of the mathematical model. In this project, a heat transfer model is developed and integrated into the mathematical model of CVEC to study the effect of heat transfer on CVEC performance. The theoretical simulation results shows that a specific suction valve angle of the expander fits only a particular operating condition. Failure to design the suction valve opening angle according to the operating condition would result in under or over-expansion of the expander discharge fluid. Some suggestions are then given to overcome this problem. Moreover, it is found out that the heat transfer rate increases significantly as the thermal conductivity of the expander-compressor unit increases but the COP is not greatly affected. This result suggests that the effects of heat transfer to the performance of CVEC may not be so significant. It is observed that when the operating speed increases, the heat transfer effect becomes less significant but the COP drops significantly. Additionally, it is found out that when the slender ratio increases, the heat transfer effect becomes greater but the COP drops significantly. Lastly, it can be concluded that the effect of slender ratio and operating speed on the performance of CVEC is more significant than that of heat transfer.
Can Game(s) Theory Explain Culture?

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The hallmarks of cultural behavior include consistency within and across individuals, variance between populations, behavioral stickiness, and possibly suboptimal performance. In this article, we build a formal framework within which these behavioral attributes emerge from the interactions of purposive agents. We then derive mathematical results showing these behaviors are optimal given our assumptions. Our framework rests on two primary assumptions: (1) agents play ensembles of games, not just single games as is traditionally the case in evolutionary game theory models; and (2) agents have finite cognitive capacity. Our analysis combines agent-based techniques and mathematics, enabling us to explore dynamics and to prove when the behaviors produced by the agents are equilibria. Our results provide game theoretic foundations for cultural diversity and agent-based support for how cultural behavior might emerge.
FIRST YEAR OF IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION PROGRAMS IN THE REGIONS OF RUSSIA: PROBLEMS AND RESULTS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Russia has developed and is implementing regional strategies for the digital transformation of economic, social and public administration sectors for 2022-2024, the results of which are the focus of this study. A comparative analysis of planned and actual estimates of digital maturity was carried out for various Russian regions using data on per capita financing of planned values of digital maturity for the period 2022-2024 and actual estimates of digital maturity were calculated. It is shown that at the initial stage, the digital transformation of Russian regions is ambiguous; there are regions where the actual values of digital maturity of industries are higher than those predicted for the coming periods, which indicates significant differences in digital development in the regions of the Russian Federation. These indicators of digital maturity in the presented regions were independently calculated by the authors of this work on the basis of regional digital transformation programs according to the official calculation algorithm taken from Order No. 600 of the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Communications. In addition, the paper presents the planned and actual values of the country's digital maturity index. The difference between the planned and actual values in 2022 seems to be significant, especially in the sectors of healthcare and public administration. It is concluded that a large gap between the planned and actual values may cause that the planned values in some regions in 2023 and 2024 will not be reached, which may have a negative impact on the level of development of the country as a whole. The need to intensify efforts on digital transformation in healthcare and public administration in order to achieve the target values by 2024 is indicated. To do this, it is necessary to strengthen measures for the development of digital transformation in these industries at the regional level and reflect them in strategies. The results of the study do not pretend to be all-inclusive, but they influence the formation of methods for assessing regional digital maturity and will be of interest to regional authorities and researchers whose field of interest includes current trends in management and digital transformation.
Secret Use of Large Language Model (LLM)

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The advancements of Large Language Models (LLMs) have decentralized the responsibility for the transparency of AI usage. Specifically, LLM users are now encouraged or required to disclose the use of LLM-generated content for varied types of real-world tasks. However, an emerging phenomenon, users' secret use of LLM , raises challenges in ensuring end users adhere to the transparency requirement. Our study used mixed-methods with an exploratory survey (125 real-world secret use cases reported) and a controlled experiment among 300 users to investigate the contexts and causes behind the secret use of LLMs. We found that such secretive behavior is often triggered by certain tasks, transcending demographic and personality differences among users. Task types were found to affect users' intentions to use secretive behavior, primarily through influencing perceived external judgment regarding LLM usage. Our results yield important insights for future work on designing interventions to encourage more transparent disclosure of the use of LLMs or other AI technologies.
Mapping a dictionary: Using Atlas ti and XML to analyse a late XVIIth century dictionary

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The problem with humanities research is that it takes time, and this is all the more true when you are dealing with old primary documents that require thorough analysis before any serious conclusions can be drawn. the advantages of creating a Text Encoding Initiative conformant dictionary are enormous as not only does the act of encoding get one close to the text and its specificities but the fully digitalised version will allow the extraction and comparison of information in an exhaustive way that working on a paper edition can never do. This text thus describes the process of digitising in XML TEI a late seventeenth century French dictionary, principally in an attempt to understand the terminology it contains whilst carrying out on-going analysis using a CAQDAS, namely the Atlas ti system.
Predictive Factors for Participation in Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the prevalent diseases that can be diagnosed timely using appropriate screening programs. This study aimed to review the predictive factors for participation in colorectal cancer screening. \n \nMethods: International databases including PubMed, ISI and Scopus were considered for search of English articles by 30 December, 2018. Thirty-one published articles were finally entered into the study. Keywords were “colorectal cancer”, “colorectal neoplasm”, “predictor”, “screening”, “Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)”, “Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)”, “education”, “smoking”, “obesity” or a combination of them in the title/abstracts. \n \nFindings: There were 367,248 subjects reviewed in this systematic review of 31 published articles consisted of two cohorts, one quasi-experimental; one mixed method, three randomized trial and twenty-six cross-sectional design. \n \nConclusion: According to the results, knowledge, income, being married and female, trust to physician and kindly contact of health providers, counselling centres disorders were the main predictive factors for participation in the CRC screening programs.
Orchids of the starcke-dharrba lands, Cape York Peninsula

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The Dharrba Lands are within part of the former Starcke Station, a large pastoral holding, and are located some 80 km north of Cooktown on Southern Cape York Peninsula. In 2010, we were commissioned by the Cape York Marine Advisory Group, acting on behalf of the Dharrba Land Trust, to conduct surveys of the orchids and vertebrates of their lands (see Covacevich et al. 2012 for further details). The study areas were centred on Wooyee Lake in the siliceous sand country to the near west of Cape Flattery. This paper describes the orchids in the study area (bounded by 14 degrees 14'-15 degrees 10 S and 145 degrees 00'-145 degrees 25'E) recorded between 25 and 30 October, 2010. Vegetation in the study area has been described by Hawkins et al. (1988).
Skincare and quality of life among older residents living in Japanese nursing homes

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

This study aimed to clarify the practices of skincare such as bathing, face-washing, and using of skincare products, among older adults living in nursing homes in Japan. From July to August 2017, questionnaire surveys were mailed to 343 long-term care facilities in one prefecture in Japan, and 105 facilities returned the survey. Management policies on the use of facial skincare products was significantly associated with the number of resident/caregiver ratio. Meanwhile, residents in nursing homes with higher numbers of caregivers washed their faces and bathed at lower rates. There were no correlations between the number of resident/caregiver ratio, face-washing, and bathing times. When older residents could not independently perform their skin cleansing and care, that care is likely to happen less often. Sufficient manpower for the support of older residents’ skincare will improve the quality of life in long-term nursing facilities.
Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a New Formulation of Slow-Release Amino Acids in Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Phenylalanine (Phe)-free protein substitutes (PSs) are used to provide an adequate intake of amino acids (AAs), except Phe, allowing control of blood Phe levels in patients with Phenylketonuria (PKU). Although indicated as a standard dietary treatment for these patients, free AAs mixtures are not absorbed as natural proteins, thus creating an oxidized and inflamed state in the intestine. Nowadays, PSs on the market also include slow-release amino acids (SR-AAs) formulas. The present work aims to investigate the effects of an SR-AAs formula on both oxidative and inflammatory status in human intestinal Caco-2 cells, comparing its mechanism of action with that of a mixture of free AAs. In more detail, oxidative stress and inflammation were induced at the cellular level using H2O2 and lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), respectively, and both free AAs and SR-AAs PSs were tested to evaluate if they were able to restore a more balanced condition. According to our findings, free AAs aggravate the intestinal oxidative and inflammatory status caused by H2O2 and LPS in human intestinal Caco-2 cells, which SR-AAs significantly improve. In conclusion, our results offer preclinical novelty on these products’ mechanisms of action, thus improving the dietary management of patients with PKU.
CV-MDI quantum key distribution via satellite

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work we analyze a measurement-device-independent (MDI) protocol to establish continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) between two ground stations. We assume communication occurs between the ground stations via satellite over two independent atmospheric-fading channels influenced by turbulence-induced beam wandering. In this MDI protocol the measurement device is the satellite itself, and the security of the protocol is analyzed through an equivalent entanglement-based swapping scheme. We quantify the positive impact the fading channels can have on the final quantum key rates, demonstrating how the protocol is able to generate a positive key rate even over high-loss atmospheric channels provided that the maximum transmission coefficient of the channel is sufficiently large. This is somewhat counter-intuitive given that the same outcome is only possible in the low-loss regime for a measurement device centrally positioned in a fiber-optic channel. Our results show that useful space-based quantum key generation rates between two ground stations are possible even when the relay satellite is held by an adversary. The cost in key rate incurred by altering the status of the satellite from trustworthy to untrustworthy is presented.
A synchronous groupware tool to conduct a spatially distributed collaborative learning process

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Due to the high effort to implement computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) in education, the involved institutions react hesitantly to new requirements of future engineers, e.g. software engineering. The CSCW and Software Engineering Lab at University of Duisburg-Essen (UDE) is conducted as a project setup of students teams, each team consisting of four persons spatially distributed. This paper describes the efforts that have been made at UDE concerning the development of new education methodology in a virtual synchronous environment.
Burundi war crimes case will find little purchase

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Significance The ICC's move came two days before Burundi became the first ever nation to withdraw from the ICC. Burundi’s decision to withdraw is the latest example of its largely successful efforts to frustrate attempts by the international community to intervene in the country’s ongoing political crisis. Impacts As it has before, Burundi may use its peacekeeping contributions in Somalia as leverage against external interference. If the peacekeeping troops are brought home, it could prompt fragmentation of the army, possibly along ethnic lines. The dramatic refugee exodus may exacerbate tensions in neighbouring countries.
Prediction of Glycolipid-Binding Domains from the Amino Acid Sequence of Lipid Raft-Associated Proteins:  Application to HpaA, a Protein Involved in the Adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to Gastrointestinal Cells

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Protein-glycolipid interactions mediate the attachment of various pathogens to the host cell surface as well as the association of numerous cellular proteins with lipid rafts. Thus, it is of primary importance to identify the protein domains involved in glycolipid recognition. Using structure similarity searches, we could identify a common glycolipid-binding domain in the three-dimensional structure of several proteins known to interact with lipid rafts. Yet the three-dimensional structure of most raft-targeted proteins is still unknown. In the present study, we have identified a glycolipid-binding domain in the amino acid sequence of a bacterial adhesin (Helicobacter pylori adhesin A, HpaA). The prediction was based on the major properties of the glycolipid-binding domains previously characterized by structural searches. A short (15-mer) synthetic peptide corresponding to this putative glycolipid-binding domain was synthesized, and we studied its interaction with glycolipid monolayers at the air-water interface. The synthetic HpaA peptide recognized LacCer but not Gb3. This glycolipid specificity was in line with that of the whole bacterium. Molecular modeling studies gave some insights into this high selectivity of interaction. It also suggested that Phe147 in HpaA played a key role in LacCer recognition, through sugar-aromatic CH-pi stacking interactions with the hydrophobic side of the galactose ring of LacCer. Correspondingly, the replacement of Phe147 with Ala strongly affected LacCer recognition, whereas substitution with Trp did not. Our method could be used to identify glycolipid-binding domains in microbial and cellular proteins interacting with lipid shells, rafts, and other specialized membrane microdomains.
Two heads are less bubbly than one: team decision-making in an experimental asset market

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Abstract In the world of mutual funds management, responsibility for investment decisions is increasingly entrusted to small teams instead of individuals. Yet the effect of team decision-making in a market environment has never been studied in a controlled experiment. In this paper, we investigate the effect of team decision-making in an asset market experiment that has long been known to reliably generate price bubbles and crashes in markets populated by individuals. We find that this tendency is substantially reduced when each decision-making unit is instead a team of two. This holds across a broad spectrum of measures of the severity of mispricing, both under a continuous double-auction institution and in a call market. The result is not driven by reduced turnover due to time required for deliberation by teams, and continues to hold even when subjects are experienced. Our result also holds not only when our teams treatments are compared to the ‘narrow’ baseline provided by the corresponding individuals treatments, but also when compared more broadly to the results of the large body of previous research on markets of this kind.
Opera “Grozovan”: a Landmark in the History of Moldovan Music

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The opera “Grozovan” by David Gherșfeld, composed in 1955, represents a landmark in the history of Moldovan music, being the first national opera of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic. It was created in a context of post-war cultural renaissance, with the aim of strengthening national identity and reflecting Moldovan values and traditions. This article analyzes the historical and cultural context of the opera, its musical and thematic structure, as well as its impact on the development of Moldovan musical culture. The review of the existing literature on the work “Grozovan” and the work of David Gherșfeld shows an increased appreciation for his contributions to the Moldovan musical culture. Ghersfeld was a pioneer in the integration of folkloric elements into classical music, and the opera “Grozovan” is often cited as a successful example of this endeavour. The impact of the opera “Grozovan” on Moldovan musical culture was significant, not only in terms of operatic development, but also by stimulating the composition of new works that capture the essence of national identity.