jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Association between Serum Calcium Level and Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) Stages in Term Neonate with Perinatal Asphyxia

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Perinatal asphyxia (PNA) is a devastating clinical condition because it causes permanent brain damage, even death of the newborn. Perinatal asphyxia is a common neonatal problem in our context. There is a need to identify neonates with PNA who will be at high risk for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and multi-organ dysfunction. Objective: To evaluate the association between serum calcium level and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) stages in term neonate with perinatal asphyxia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Comilla Medical College Hospital, Comilla from January 2016 to July 2016. A total of 60 neonates of perinatal asphyxia with HIE of different stages were selected as cases. The gestational age was determined by regular last maternal menstrual date and New Ballard Scoring System. The perinatal asphyxia was diagnosed by using APGAR score and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy was defined by Sarnat and Sarnat staging. Serum calcium was measured by photometric colorimetric test (OCPC method, orthocresol-phthalacin-complex) using Anatron Analyte 100 Electrolyte Analyzer. Chi-square test and ANOVA test was used to see the correlation between serum calcium and different stages of HIE. Results: Total 60 patients were included in this study, out of them 13.3 % had HIE stage I, 75% HIE stage II , 11.7% HIE stage III. Among the pt. with HIE staging in stage I, stage II and stage III had 37.5%, 71.1% and 100% of low calcium level respectively which was statistically significant. The study also showed mean ± SD serum calcium level was 9.17 ± 1.04; 8.32 ± 1.09 and 7.73 ± 0.86 in stage I, stage II and stage III respectively. There was statistically significant lower mean level of serum calcium levels observed with severity of different HIE stages (p< 0.05). Conclusion: The degree of lower serum calcium is associated with the severity of the Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) stages in neonates with perinatal asphyxia and may be used as a good, simple screening test for the early assessment of HIE stages. J Com Med Col Teachers Asso July 2024; 28(2): 87-91
Analysis of a cortical cytoskeletal structure: a role for ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM proteins) in the marginal band of chicken erythrocytes

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

ABSTRACT We are studying how the cytoskeleton determines cell shape, using a simple model system, the marginal band of chicken erythrocytes. We previously identified a minor component of the marginal band by a monoclonal antibody, called 13H9 (Birgbauer and Solomon (1989). J. Cell Biol. 109, 1609-1620; Goslin et al. (1989). J. Cell Biol. 109, 1621-1631). mAb 13H9 also binds to the leading edges of fibroblasts and to neuronal growth cones and recognizes the cytoskeletal protein ezrin. In recent years, two proteins with a high degree of homology to ezrin were identified: moesin and radixin, together comprising the ERM protein family. We now show that the contiguous epitope sufficient for mAb 13H9 binding is a sequence present in each of the ERM proteins, as well as the product of the gene associated with neurofibromatosis 2, merlin or schwannomin. We used biochemical and immunological techniques, as well as PCR to characterize the expression and localization of the ERM proteins in chicken erythrocytes. The results demonstrate that radixin is the major ERM protein associated with the cytoskeleton. Both ezrin and radixin localize to the position of the marginal band. Our results suggest that the ERM proteins play functionally conserved roles in quite diverse organelles.
Rhupus: dual rheumatic disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Autoimmune disorders are typically categorized into systematic and local diseases that affect a single organ or tissue. Organs and tissues affected by autoimmune disorders include components of the endocrine system, such as thyroid, pancreas, and adrenal glands; blood, such as red blood cells; and the connective tissues, skin, muscles, and joints. Rhupus is a complex musculoskeletal autoimmune disease (AD) in which features of both rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are simultaneously present. The cause and trigger of rhupus is still unknown, suggesting the role of genetic, immunological, hormonal, and environmental factors in the initiation and progression of the disease. The role of immune system has been established by the presence of specific autoantibodies as markers for diagnosis of rhupus and the formation of immune complex in serum. The complications of rhupus include the presence of rheumatoid factor (RF) and nodules and the involvement of nervous and renal systems that complicates its diagnosis and prognosis. The rhupus arthritis resembles RA-like pathophysiology and leads to inflammation, deformation, and disability. Due to the heterogeneity and rarity of the disease, the prevalence, pathophysiology, and natural history as well as radiological and immunological profiles of rhupus are still not properly understood.
Amides of glucuronic, galacturonic, and mannuronic acids

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

H eretofore the amides of glucuronic, galacturonic, and m a nnuronic acid were not know n, and methods were not available for t heir preparation.It has now been found possible to obtain the amides of uronic acids from the corresponding l-amino-uronamides by selective hydrolysis of the glycosylamino group.An aqueous solution of the l-amino-uronamide is t reated with an acid or a s uitable cation exchange resin that replaces t he glycosylamino group by a h ydroxyl, forming the free amide.The new compounds, like the sugars, have a free reducing group, and hence they are capable of existing in the pyranose, fura nose, and open-chain forms and of displaying mutarotation .D-Glucuronamide, D-mannuronamide, and D-galacturonamide were separated in the alpha pyranose form .The beta pyra nose modification of D-galacturonamide was a lso obtained.The amicles are s table crystalline ubstances, that should prove to be useful representatives of a new class of carbohydrate derivatives.
GLOBALIZATION AND POVERTY IN ROÅžIA MONTANÄ‚.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Globalization is a concept that, for the past decades, carried on dreadful fears, as well as great expectations. Defined as a process of global intercommunication and interconnection of economical, political, cultural forces and actors, globalization leads to a global network that enables transnational spread of information, technologies, capital, commodities, structures, cultures and people, representing a major change in the social structure of society. In this context we witness new fears and also, new hopes considering the state of communities, democracies, freedom and identity. Romania entered a transition process from a closed society to a hub in the global network with the dawn of communist era, even though the forces of globalization per se empowered the struggle against the communist regime. RoÅŸia MontanÄƒ, a mining locality in Apuseni Montains, in the context of the debates over the mining project proposed by RoÅŸia MontanÄƒ Gold Corporation (RMGC), represents a natural laboratory of observation for social scientists, gathering the main concerns of modernization: the interaction between global economic forces and local cultures, the empowerment of local community and civil society, the tension between economic interest and cultural and environmental preservation. In this context, the study emphasizes the analysis of people`s life standard and expectations in RoÅŸia MontanÄƒ, in the context of globalization. Admitting that globalization is a multidimensional concept, ambiguous and ambivalent in its consequences, we analyze its possible risks and benefits on the quality of life in RoÅŸia MontanÄƒ.
PCB Fluxgate Magnetometers With a Residence Times Difference Readout Strategy: The Effects of Noise

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Residence times difference (RTD) fluxgates are very simple magnetic sensors that have low onboard power requirements and an intrinsic digital (i.e., event based) form of the readout signal. These features make this class of devices competitive with the traditional second-harmonic fluxgate, which usually requires a higher power budget. Moreover, these detectors are characterized by high sensitivity and a suitably low resolution and noise floor when compared to the devices that are already on the market. Our work on RTD fluxgates has been widely presented in previous papers. In this paper, an overview of this work, which deals with the development of models, prototypes, and readout electronics and the effects of electric and magnetic noise, is presented, together with some noticeable forward steps regarding the characterization of the prototype, which is developed in the standard printed circuit board (PCB) technology, and with a preliminary discussion on possible solutions to improve the performance of the device with an emphasis on the resolution.
Environmental Engineer Profile: Active Learning in Engineering Education

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Several discussions have been raised in higher education institutions for the formation of the environmental engineering graduate profile to fulfill the innovations of Industry 4.0 and the tripod of sustainability, required by the labor market.The agencies responsible for the management of engineering courses have established a series of changes in the teaching plans of the curricula of engineering courses in Brazil so that universities can attend the contemporary trends in the global market.The aim of this study is to identify the profile of the egress of the environmental engineering course at a public Brazilian university, verifying the impressions and demands of this public about their professional training; investigating the demands and the constitution of the professional profile determined by companies, in order to compare what the educational institution is dealing with in the curricular parameters versus what the market is demanding; raising the demands of the boards for engineering curricula updates and, finally, verifying if the parameters determined as requirements of the engineering boards are being fulfilled by the university under study.The results indicate that the graduate profile not only brings evidence of how the university has been acting in the competencies and skills in engineering courses.It was also found that active methodologies have a significant role to perform in the teaching-learning of the new engineering education requirements.We conclude that the skills and competencies focused on economic, social, environmental, and humanistic issues complete the profile of the environmental engineering graduate in the modern times.of the new challenges for the survival of companies in an extremely competitive and global context, with its need for social and environmental responsibility, in compliance with the norms and regulations that these companies fit into.It is a set of technologies that allow the fusion of the physical, digital, and biological world [1].The main technologies involved are additive manufacturing (3D); artificial intelligence (AI); the Internet of Things (IoT);
Granitic magma ascent and emplacement: neither diapirism nor neutral buoyancy

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract It is probable that granitic magma ascent does not result from the intrinsic properties of the magmas. Within the uppermost crust, neither the reduced viscosity nor the density contrast between magma and surroundings are themselves sufficient to induce either low-inertia flow (diapirism) or fracture-induced magma propagation (dyking). Igneous diapirism is intrinsically restricted to the lower, ductile crust. Dyking is therefore the most probable ascent mechanism for granitic magmas that reach shallow crustal levels. A neutral buoyancy level in the crust, at which magma ascent should stall, is never observed. This is demonstrated by coeval emplacement of magmas with different compositions and densities, and the negative gravity anomalies measured over many granitic plutons. We suggest that deformation, through strain partitioning, is necessary to magma ascent. Pluton formation is controlled by local structures and rock types rather than by intrinsic magma properties. As a result of its intermittent character, deformation (both local and regional) induces magma pulses, and this may have important consequences for the chemical homogeneity of intruded magmas.
Metabolic turnover of fatty acids, cholesterol and lipoproteins in response to atherogenic factors in experimental atherosclerosis.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In experiments on two animal species we studied the effect of age, altered motor activity and alimentary experimental atherosclerosis on a variety of variables of lipid metabolism, particularly on cholesterol and fatty acid levels and formation. Fatty acid and cholesterol cumulation in tissues, including the rat aorta, increases with age (from 2 to about 20 months of age), while their formation decreases. A decrease of motor activity seems to be at play in this phenomenon in older animals and is apparently due especially to a faster rate of decrease of lipid degradation with ageing. Enforced increase of motor activity in rats (60 or 120-day adaptation on a treadmill - 18 m/min/3 hr/day) results in a decreased tissue cumulation of lipids including cholesterol despite their increased formation. In animals of the same age but allowed a limited amount of motor activity the situation produces reverse changes in lipid levels and formation. Changes in lipid metabolism are effected also by a higher level of spontaneous activity (induced by a higher number of young in the litter) and by increased motor activity of the dams during pregnancy. Hyperkinetic animals show a uniform exogenous (alimentary) cholesterol turnover. However their alimentary cholesterol absorption and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol turnover are elevated. Two respectively 10 months following the intake of 2% of dietary cholesterol minipigs exhibit elevated cholesterolaemia, reduced endogenous cholesterol synthesis in the liver and the aorta versus a decreased endogenous fatty acid synthesis. Plasma/vascular wall cholesterol transport in hypercholesterolaemic animals is about 50% higher, while the level of cholesterol in the medium remains constant. Most experimental animals show histologic evidence of incipient atheromatous changes not earlier than 10 months following the start of experimental diet.
Does the Self-Reported Classification on the Income Scale at the Regional Level Correlate with Quality of Life?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Inspired by the well-known Easterlin paradox stating that higher income over time does not lead to a higher level of happiness, this study explores the impact of self-reported income (affluence) on the quality of life in Slovakia at two levels - national and regional. We innovatively use data from the World Value Survey on respondents’ subjective self-assignment to income groups to describe affluence, complemented with the subjective quality of life evaluation. The study reveals that while a generally positive (albeit weak) correlation exists between self-reported income and quality of life, the strength of this relationship is not uniform across all income groups - in the highest income group, this correlation is not significant. Furthermore, deviations from the general relationship exist not only across income groups but also across geographic regions. In two of the eight regions of Slovakia, but without an obvious geographical pattern, regional analysis revealed an insignificant relationship between affluence and quality of life. The findings indicate that subjective income perceptions significantly influence the quality of life assessments, but the data from subjective surveys have inherent limitations for exact quantification. Our results highlight the importance of subjective income assessments in understanding the quality of life, which has implications for public policy, particularly in addressing regional disparities within countries, and emphasise the relevance of specific data used in the context of Slovak conditions.
A Novel Screening Method Based on a Partially Discharging Curve Using a Genetic Algorithm and Back-Propagation Model for the Cascade Utilization of Retired Lithium-Ion Batteries

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Reusing the retired lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles can generate considerable economic benefits. In this paper, a novel screening method based on partial discharge curves using a genetic algorithm and back-propagation (GA-BP) neural network for the retired cells is proposed. First, the discharge curves of the retired cells with different aging degrees were investigated. Based on this, the calculation method of internal resistance of retired cells was developed. Second, a novel capacity screening model based on a partially discharging process using a GA-BP model was proposed. In this model, the capacity and discharge characteristic data of a small number of sample cells were selected to train the capacity model using GA-BP, and the capacity of a large number of the remaining unsampled cells was estimated using the trained capacity model. Third, the screening simulation model with 108 retired cells was established, and the simulation results showed the effectiveness and rapidity of our proposed method. Finally, experimental verification was performed on the 20 retired cells with different aging degrees. The results showed that our proposed method is feasible, and the maximum error of capacity estimation was 2.951%.
The Aesthetics of Politics: Walter Benjamin's "Theories of German Fascism"

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Theories of German Fascism* is the heading Walter Benjamin gives his review of a collection of essays edited by Ernst Jiinger. In this collection, eight authors including Jiinger himself, with his essay Total Mobilization present a picture of World War I and of the warrior within the ideological landscape around 1930.1 With this title, Benjamin captures not merely the theoretical content of the individual contributions but also the fundamental role of the war experience and its subsequent transformation into myth by the German fascist ideology of the 1920s. At the same time, he finds in the essays material for an explanation of the phenomenon of fascism as the aestheticization of politics art explanation worked out more precisely in his later works. In his foreword Ernst Jiinger writes: The inner connection which lies at the basis of the essays collected in this volume is that of German nationalism. It is characteristic of this nationalism that it has lost its connection to both the idealism of our grandfathers and the rationalism of our fathers. Its stance [Haltung] is rather that of an historical realism, and what it is wishes to comprehend is that substance, that layer of an absolute reality of which ideas as well as rational deductions are mere expressions. This stance is thus also a symbolic one, in so far as it comprehends every act, every thought and every feeling as the symbol of a unified and unchangeable being which cannot escape its own inherent laws. (KuK, p. 5) If this excerpt is read in connection with the first sentences of Jiinger's essay, one can begin to recognize in outline form the principle of expression2 here claiming political validity which will subsequently be used by fascism to dominate the masses: The heroic spirit is opposed to seeking the idea of war in a stratum which can be determined by human action. Yet the multifarious transformations and disguises endured in changing times and places by the pure form
Tapetal-Delayed Programmed Cell Death (PCD) and Oxidative Stress-Induced Male Sterility of Aegilops uniaristata Cytoplasm in Wheat

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) plays a crucial role in the utilization of hybrid vigor. Pollen development is often accompanied by oxidative metabolism responses and tapetal programmed cell death (PCD), and deficiency in these processes could lead to male sterility. Aegilops uniaristata cytoplasmic male sterility (Mu-CMS) wheat is a novel male-sterile line in wheat, which possess important potential in hybrid wheat breeding. However, its CMS mechanisms remain poorly understood. In our study, U87B1-706A, with the Aegilops uniaristata cytoplasm, and the maintainer line 706B were used to explore the abortive reason. Compared with 706B, histological analysis and PCD detection of the anther demonstrated that U87B1-706A appeared as delayed tapetal PCD as well as a disorganized organelle phenotype in the early uninucleate stage. Subsequently, a shrunken microspore and disordered exine structure were exhibited in the late uninucleate stage. While the activities of antioxidase increased markedly, the nonenzymatic antioxidant contents declined obviously following overacummulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during pollen development in U87B1-706A. Real-time quantitative PCR testified that the transcript levels of the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) genes, encoding pivotal antioxidant enzymes, were up-regulated in early pollen development. Therefore, we deduce excess ROS as a signal may be related to the increased expression levels of enzyme genes, thereby breaking the antioxidative system balance, resulting in delayed tapetal PCD initiation, which finally led to pollen abortion and male sterility in U87B1-706A. These results provide evidence to further explore the mechanisms of abortive pollen in CMS wheat.
Abstract 21311: A Novel, Shear-Assembling, Shear-Thinning Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogel Diminishes Post-Operative Thoracic Adhesions in a Rodent Model of Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: The incidence of post-operative adhesions is estimated to be 93%, resulting in severe pain, bowel obstruction, infertility, and often requires re-operation. Mainstay adhesion prevention technologies are generally derived from polymer films that serve as physical barriers between scarring tissue and surrounding organs. Yet, these films have not been widely accepted due to their inability to adequately limit adhesions and difficulty handling during surgery. We hypothesized shear-thinning, self-healing polymer nanoparticle hydrogels (PNP) would instead provide a novel, viscoelastic barrier between tissues and organs, allowing tissues to move past each other similar to the body’s natural state, effectively preventing adhesion formation (Fig. 1A). Methods: PNP shear-thinning and self-healing behavior was characterized via rheometry. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats (n=23) underwent sham surgery or permanent ligation of the LAD followed by pericardial application of 250μL PNP gel, 1cm 2 Interceed®--a commercially available adhesion barrier, or no treatment. Degree of adhesion formation, cardiac function, infarct size, and immune response were assessed 4-weeks post infarction. Results: PNP exhibited fast, complete recovery of mechanical properties following network rupture at high strains indicating the reversible and robust nature of the hydrogel system. (Fig. 1B). Infarct size and ejection fraction were controlled to ensure similar inflammatory responses contributing to adhesion formation across treatment groups (1C and D). Treatment with PNP significantly reduced the development of adhesions compared to Interceed and untreated controls (Fig. 1E). Conclusion: Administration of a shear-thinning, self-healing hydrogel reduces the extent of adhesion formation in the thoracic cavity following a thoracotomy and myocardial infarction. PNP provides an easily delivered, scalable solution for post-operative adhesion prevention.