jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Analysis of OFDI Industry Linkage Network Based on Grey Incidence: Taking the Jiangsu Manufacturing Industry as an Example

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Based on the outward direct investment data of each manufacturing industry segment in Jiangsu Province from 2000 to 2020, this paper establishes a correlation network by constructing a grey incidence model with the average value of absolute grey incidence as the threshold. We further analyze the relationship between each manufacturing industry segment in Jiangsu Province in the process of outward direct investment from two perspectives, namely, point and surface. The study shows that from the perspective of each node, the correlation coefficient between equipment manufacturing and other industries is significantly higher, i.e., the influence of equipment manufacturing on other industries is significantly greater. Chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, general equipment manufacturing, special equipment manufacturing, and transportation equipment manufacturing are the important nodes in the network. From the perspective of the network as a whole, the Jiangsu manufacturing OFDI affiliation network is not concentrated. Still, it has small-world characteristics, which are conducive to disseminating information. In contrast, the close nature of the industry has more commonalities, leading to it being more easily divided into the same module in the network block model analysis.
Utility of Selective Digestive Decontamination in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Selective digestive decontamination in our mechanically ventilated patients significantly decreased the colonization rate of gram-negative bacilli and of Candida species but not of Staphylococcus aureus. It did not decrease the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia, mortality, length of stay, or the duration of mechanical ventilation.
Effects of housing conditions on behaviour and physiology in the Finnraccoon (Nyctereutes procyonoides ussuriensis)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract The welfare of juvenile Finnraccoons ( Nyctereutes procyonoides ussuriensis ) was compared between various housing conditions through the measurement of day-time behaviour and physiological variables. For the small control treatment (SC), Finnraccoons were raised in pairs in small cages; in the large area treatment (LA), in pairs in large cages; in the large control treatment (LC), in groups of four in large cages and in the large enrichment treatment (LE), in groups of four in large cages with access to a nest-box and a large tube, from weaning to pelting time. Study subjects consisted of a total of 152 Finnraccoons. As autumn progressed, day-time resting increased, especially allohuddling; while active behaviours decreased. Allohuddling was the most common type of resting; apart from in the LE treatment, resting shelters were used effectively alongside allohuddling. Locomotion was observed more frequently in LA and LC treatments, ie in large cages without shelters. The nest-box roof was preferred to the platform as an elevated location, and the nest-box to the tube as a resting shelter. Agonistic interactions were not observed. Males grew heavier than females and had heavier organs. No systematic differences in haematological and other physiological parameters were found between the treatments. Catching time was shortest in the SC treatment. The LE treatment compromised animals’ cleanliness. Based on the intensive positive social interactions and regular shelter use, group housing and access to resting shelters are recommended for juvenile Finnraccoons.
Sutureless Technique for Thyroidectomy

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The purpose of the present systematic review is to compare the outcomes and complications of two techniques of thyroidectomy: the surgical technique for thyroidectomy performed by a sealing device (LigaSure small jaw) versus conventional clamp-and-tie technique (CAT). Clinical studies were retrieved from the electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus. One-hundred and five articles provided information in relation to outcomes of thyroidectomy performed with the use of sealing device versus that performed using traditional CAT technique. Of these, 27 articles were selected for final inclusion. A thorough review of available literature shows that sealing device provides better results in terms of intraoperative and postoperative blood loss, postoperative drain volume, incidence of transient or permanent palsy of recurrent laryngeal nerve and external branch of superior laryngeal nerve, postoperative transient or permanent hypocalcemia, and length of hospital stay.
Discrepant Fluency in Self-Customization

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This research demonstrates that during self-customization, consumers use their experiences from prior feature decisions to form expectations about subsequent decisions. When the difficulty experienced during decisions later in the process deviates from that which occurs earlier in the process, consumer preference is affected by the discrepancy between actual and expected difficulty. Specifically, the results show that when the difficulty experienced during feature decisions deviates from expectations, consumers may spend more or less money on product features as a result of discrepant fluency than when they perform the same task and the level of difficulty is expected. The results demonstrate that discrepant fluency effects are not limited to sequential decisions but can influence a single feature decision, which was accomplished by altering consumers’ expectations before the decision. These discrepant fluency effects emerge even when the attributes of the alternatives and the composition of the focal decision settings remain the same.
Others or Brothers?: Competing Settler andAnishinabe Discourses About Race in Upper Canada

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

settler colonialism in canada, as in other parts of the world, was a cultural and discursive project as well as a material and geopolitical one.Ideas and images were required to justify the wholesale appropriation of other people's land and, as many scholars have shown, there was no shortage of cultural representations to furnish the necessary rationalizations. 1 In Upper Canada, the local First Nations were longstanding allies of the British Crown, whose military actions during the American Revolution and the War of 1812 had helped prevent the territory from falling to the United States.How did settlers and British officials justify the racial hierarchy they established in the lands of these loyal Mississauga, Ojibway, Algonquins, and Six Nations?Of course, there were treaties with the Mississauga and Ojibway, which the British saw as outright purchases of Aboriginal land.But the remaining reserves and other Aboriginal resources were objects of constant encroachment and squatting, while settlers began clamouring for full access to reserve lands as soon as they were established. 2Claims about race were central to these processes, as settlers adopted and adapted colonial racial discourses to explain why they should have a privileged right to lands and resources that remained in Aboriginal hands.Clearly, only some deep-seated difference
Model and Field Test of Prey Control Effects by Spider Assemblages

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

We investigated by computer simulations and a field experiment the hypothesis that a species assemblage of generalist predators imposes more mortality on prey populations than a single species does. The simulation tracked the energetics of individual spiders feeding on prey in a patchy and variable habitat. Simulation tests showed that increasing the number of spider species and the variability of prey body sizes contributed Significantly to greater prey limitation and spider survival. Higher variability in spider body sizes had the reverse effect and increasing the number of prey species had mixed effects. Large spiders, although less abundant than smaller ones, cropped disproportion ally more prey biomass by capturing large prey and should have injured, thus reduced the capture rate, of smaller spiders. Simulations also showed that as model habitats were fragmented prey biomass dropped, causing a reduction in spider success variables. Increasing fragmentation enhanced the contribution of built-in negative environmental effects on the growth rate of prey. We showed with a factorial field experiment that lower prey biomass resulted from greater spider species richness, as predicted, higher prey richness increased prey biomass only if spiders were present, and habitat fragmentation only decreased prey biomass in the absence of spiders. At equal spider biomass, larger spiders, which were present only in the highest richness treatment, probably fed more than smaller ones. Only larger spiders could capture the largest prey, which represented a greater fraction of the total biomass. Spider predation seemed indifferent to fragmentation.
Bibliometric analysis of public health research in Africa: The overall trend and regional comparisons

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Many diseases in Africa can be prevented with appropriate public health interventions. This study aimed to assess the bibliometric characteristics of public health related research articles published by researchers in African institutions from 1991 to 2005. Data used in this study were obtained from the online version of the ISI Web of Science: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded). Articles published between 1991 and 2005 that had the phrase ‘public health’ in the title, author keywords or abstract, and had at least one author whose contact address was in an African country, were selected for analysis. The annual number of public health related articles published by African researchers significantly increased from 28 articles in 1991 to 135 articles in 2005, a 382% increase. International collaboration also increased: from 45% of articles having international collaborators during 1991–1995, to 52% during1996–2000, and to 67% during 2001–2005. Collaborations were mostly with European and North American countries. Keywords, subject categories and collaboration patterns of articles varied across regions, reflecting differences in needs and collaboration networks. Public health related research output, as well as international collaborations, have been increasing in Africa. Regional variation observed in this study may assist policymakers to facilitate the advancement of public health research in different regions of Africa, and could be useful for international organisations in identifying needs and to allocate research funding. Future bibliometric analyses of articles published by African researchers, can consider conducting regional comparisons using standardised methods, as well as describing the overall patterns, in order to provide a more comprehensive view of their bibliometric characteristics.
Package inserts for prescribed medicines: what minimum information do patients need?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The information a patient needs about a prescribed medicine can be determined by considering what responsibilities he can assume in relation to taking medicine. When the medicine has been dispensed the patient needs to know how to take the drug; how to store the drug; how it is expected to help; and how to recognise problems and what to do about them. A guide was designed to specify what information is required to meet these needs. Using this guide, a set of minimum information on tetracycline was prepared that aimed at being brief, specific, and readable. The best format for the information remains to be determined. Since leaflets produced by professional organisations are generally unsuitable for these purposes, information sets should be put together by small independent groups consisting of clinical pharmacologists, clinicians, pharmacists, and consumers. Each country should produce its own sets, adapting model sets to the circumstances of local practice.
Post-conversion sialylation of prions in lymphoid tissues

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Significance In mammals, sialic acids are the most abundant terminal residues on cell-surface glycans and comprise “self-associated molecular patterns,” which protect the host from inappropriate activation of multiple immune pathways. In a striking illustration of molecular mimicry, a number of microbial pathogens recruit host sialic acids to decorate their surfaces and hide from the same immune responses. Prions are proteinaceous infectious agents, not conventional pathogens. This study found that sialylation of prions is enhanced upon their colonization of secondary lymphoid organs, via extracellular host sialylation machinery. Thus, prions may use strategies similar to other pathogens to camouflage themselves from the immune system, facilitating host invasion.
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Hemodynamics and Plasma Catecholamine Concentrations during Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists decrease the sympathetic tones of hemodynamic and endocrine responses to surgical stimuli. The goal of this study was to evaluate the hemodynamic and endocrinologic effects of intraoperatively administered dexmedetomidine, a highly selective alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Methods: Fifty coronary artery bypass graft patients, in a double-blind, randomized manner, received a continuous infusion of normal saline placebo or dexmedetomidine, 10 ng/kg/min for 1 hr from 5 minutes after sternotomy. All patients received standardized anesthesia. Plasma catecholamine was measured at 5 minutes after sternotomy (T1), 30 minutes after drug infusion (T2), and 30 minutes after drug cessation (T3). Heart rate, blood pressure, pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output were monitored. Results: Compared with the placebo group, plasma norepinephrine concentrations decreased in the dexmedetomidine group. Dexmedetomidine attenuated increased blood pressure on surgical stimuli and induced more hypotension. Conclusions: The intraoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine to patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery reduced sympathetic tone and attenuated hemodynamic responses to surgical stimuli.
A new species of freshwater crab, <i>Teretamon kapota</i> sp. nov. (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) and a new record from Arunachal Pradesh, North-Eastern India

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A new species of the potamid freshwater crab, Teretamon kapota sp. nov., is described from the East Siang and Lower Dibang Valley districts of the Arunachal Pradesh state, north-eastern India. Teretamon kapota sp. nov. can be distinguished from the congeners mainly by the relatively small eye as compared to the orbital space, the gently concave lateral margins of the male telson, and the very high, strongly convex, semicircular dorsal flap on the terminal segment of the male first gonopod that somewhat resembles a pigeonâ€™s head. The potamid genus, Teretamon Yeo and Ng, 2007, is now known by five species, including the present new species. An identification key is provided for the genus. Another potamine crab, Acanthopotamon fungosum (Alcock, 1909), constitutes a new record to Arunachal Pradesh also reported. Arunachal Pradesh is now known to have 17 species of freshwater crabs (13 potamid and 4 gecarcinucid species), including the present new species and the new record.
NATURAL MICROFLORA OF WINE GRAPE BERRIES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The diversity of yeasts and bacterial species on grapes has been investigated in vineyards worldwide. For winemaking are very important three groups of microorganisms. First two includes acetic acid and lactic acid bacteria; they live and grow normally on grape surface. The third group includes more than 20 detectable genera of yeasts. There are three principal genera found on grapes Hanseniaspora uvarum (Kloeckera apiculata), Metschnikowia pulcherrima (Candida pulcherrima), and Candida stellata or new descripted Candida zemplinina. Aim of this study was investigate of number of three major groups of microorganisms which are important for grapes and winemaking. The number of bacteria on Acetobacter agar (AA) ranged from 1.76 log CFU/mL to 2.80 log CFU/mL. Lactic acid bacteria were counted on MRS agar and the number of detectable colonies ranged from 0.48 log CFU/mL to 2.06 log CFU/mL. Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) was used for cultivation of yeast and the number of yeasts ranged from 2.47 log CFU/mL to 2.76 log CFU/mL. For identification of yeast species were used different types of agar media with acid base indicator bromocresol green. Identified 10 yeasts species includes to genus: Candida, Metschnikowia, Pichia, Kluyveromyces, Hanseniaspora, Hansenula, Candida, Debaromyces, Rhodotorula and Saccharomyces. We identified only few bacterial species includes to genus Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Gluconobacter and Acetobacter.
Has the Care in Psychiatry Other Characteristics than those it has in the Other Fields of Medicine?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Everybody knows that Beauchamp and Childress have tried to define four principles in the domain of care ethics. Their definitions are rather rhetorical; but, on the whole, they satisfy the contemporaries in most of medicine fields. On the contrary, in psychiatry, it seems often difficult and sometimes impossible to apply them. The patient who does not know his illness and that is cured against his consent is not autonomous. He cannot understand the cure that imposes upon him while it is brought out as benevolent. Moreover, the question of justice does not raise as elsewhere in medicine. Specifically, the questions of security are put forward so that the cure is partly jeopardized. Conversely, the notions used to think ethics in psychiatry are not without any repercussion on the whole of care ethics. They point to the necessity of changing the ethical notions in view to match with the situations as they are everywhere in care ethics.
Playing fairly: the satiric tradition in football fiction from Latin America

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Works by eminent authors Jorge Luis Borges, Adolfo Bioy Casares and Mario Benedetti are early precursors to a tradition of satirizing transgressions of fair play through literary football fiction. These literary heavyweights from Latin America attempt to demystify the notion of fair play in football by laying bare the mechanisms of foul play and forecasting concerns about inherent venalities produced by increased financial influence over the game in the 1950s and 1960s. By portraying commodification of the professional football spectacle as dangerous to individuals and society, these precursory works mark the beginning of a satirical tradition of denouncing the uglier sides of the beautiful game in football fiction from Latin America.
Students' reflections of service-learning in agricultural communications

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Research has found that many students in higher education are not being equipped in the classroom to handle future job responsibilities and competencies. In an effort to provide a more effective learning experience for students, service-learning has emerged as a successful teaching strategy across many educational disciplines. Both previous and current agricultural communications coursework has been designed to provide a theory of communication application; however, it is inhibiting students’ ability to understand issues relevant to the industry that are best found in hands-on, real-world experiences. Within agricultural communications, service-learning has been utilized as a pedagogy, but little research has been conducted to evaluate the use of service-learning in the agricultural communications curriculum. \nThe purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of students who completed service-learning projects in two agricultural communications courses during two separate semesters (Fall 2010 and Spring 2011) at a southwestern university. A qualitative case study design was used to collect data from 79 students related to their opinions of the service-learning experience, their interactions with their clients, and their evaluation of the course content. \nStudents reported a positive attitude about the service-learning experience; students improved upon their communication skills and enjoyed the hands-on experience that is applicable to their future in communications. Students also said they learned how to respect other’s opinions and work in a group environment, and improved upon their leadership skills. Student’s also reported positive feelings about the course content, but recommended the instructor to place more emphasis on interviewing techniques, how to develop student-client relationships, and best practices for interacting with clients. \nOverall, the results of this study indicate students greatly benefited from working with a client on a service-learning project in an agricultural communications course and reflecting on the service; however, changes should be made to improve future integration of service in the course curriculum. This research concluded that there is a need for service-learning in other agricultural communications courses, but further research should be done to gain a deeper understanding of student perspectives.
Bismuth nano-droplets for group-V based molecular-beam droplet epitaxy

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Self-assembly of bismuth droplets at nanoscale on GaAs(100) surface using molecular beam epitaxy was demonstrated. Fine control of density and size was achieved by varying growth temperature and total bismuth deposition. Droplet density was tuned by roughly 3 orders of magnitude, and the density-temperature dependence was found to be consistent with classical nucleation theory. These results may extend the flexibility of droplet epitaxy by serving as templates for group V based droplet epitaxy, which is in contrast to conventional group III based droplet epitaxy and may encourage nanostructure formation of bismuth-containing materials.
Amino Acid-Based Protein-Mimic Hydrogel Incorporating Pro-Regenerative Lipid Mediator and Microvascular Fragments Promotes the Healing of Deep Burn Wounds

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Pro-regenerative lipid mediator 1 (PreM1) is a specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator that promotes wound healing and regenerative functions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), endothelial cells, and macrophages. The healing of third-degree (3°) burns and regenerative functions of MSCs are enhanced by ACgel1, an arginine-and-chitosan-based protein-mimic hybrid hydrogel. Adipose-tissue derived microvascular fragments (MVFs) are native vascularization units and a rich source of MSCs, endothelial cells, and perivascular cells for tissue regeneration. Here we describe an innovative PreM1-MVFs-ACgel1 construct that incorporated PreM1 and MVFs into ACgel1 via optimal design and fabrication. This construct delivered PreM1 to 3°-burn wounds at least up to 7 days-post-burn (dpb), and scaffolded and delivered MVFs. PreM1-MVFs-ACgel1 promoted the healing of 3°-burns in mice, including vascularization and collagen formation. The re-epithelization and closure of 3° burn wounds were promoted by ACgel1, MVFs, PreM1, MVFs-ACgel1, PreM1-ACgel1, or PreM1-MVFs-ACgel1 at certain time-point(s), while PreM1-MVFs-ACgel1 was most effective with 97% closure and 4.69% relative epithelial gap at 13 dpb compared to saline control. The PreM1-ACgel1 and MVFs-ACgel1 also promoted blood vessel regeneration of 3°-burns although PreM1-MVFs-ACgel1 is significantly more effective. These PreM1- and/or MVF-functionalized ACgel1 have nonexistent or minimal graft-donor requirements and are promising adjuvant therapeutic candidates for treating deep burns.