jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
[Genetic diagnosis of microcephaly].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: To explore the diagnostic value of chromosome karyotype analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and whole exome sequencing (WES) in microcephaly. Methods: A total of 9 cases of microcephaly fetuses diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound or children with microcephaly diagnosed after birth were selected from the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2014 to August 2022.Karyotype analysis and/or CMA were used to detect. The cases with negative karyotype analysis and CMA results were further sequenced by trio-based WES (Trio-WES). Then the coding genes contained in the pathogenic copy number variation (CNV) fragments were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) enrichment. The genes related to the development of the central nervous system contained in the pathogenic CNV and the pathogenic genes found by Trio-WES were combined for gene interaction network analysis. Results: In this study, 9 cases of microcephaly were recruited, with the time of diagnosis ranged from 23 weeks of gestation to 7 years after birth, and the head circumference of fetus or children ranged from 18.3 to 42.5 cm (-7SD to -2SD). Karyotype analysis was detected in all 9 cases and no abnormality result was found. Eight cases were detected by CMA, and one abnormal was found. Five cases were detected by Trio-WES, and two cases were detected with likely pathogenic genes. The GO enrichment analysis of the coding gene in the 4p16.3 microdeletion (pathogenic CNV) region showed that: in biological process, it was mainly concentrated in phototransduction, visible light; in terms of molecular function, it was mainly concentrated in fibroblast growth factor binding; in terms of cell components, it was mainly concentrated in rough endoplasmic reticulum. Gene interaction network analysis suggested that CDC42 gene could interact with CTBP1, HTT and ASPM gene. Conclusions: CMA could be used as a first-line detection technique for microcephaly. When the results of chromosome karyotype analysis and/or CMA are negative, Trio-WES could improve the detection rate of pathogenicity of microcephaly.
Analisis User Experience (UX) pada Aplikasi Segari menggunakan HEART Metrics

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The high number of their internet users is being marketed for business operators based on e-commerce. That is one Segari platform online expenditure that sells fresh materials quality. More than 3 thousand give users the critical. The writer to know what felt the user with UX when accessing the application Segari. Is expected to help to improve, developers create or maintain UX. HEART metrics are to identify the framework and measure the focus on user-centered Having 5 variables commonly used for measuring experience user quality (UXQ), consisting of Happiness, Engagement, Adoption, Retention, and Task success. While in terms of the measurement of research and analysis of data, research is both quantitative research. For data processing using the PSPP application for windows version 1.6.2, the percentage of the total score is 53 % that can be assumed that the application of Segari has managed to create an immersive experience good for their users through variable happiness, engagement, and adoption, retention, and task success. The level of happiness based on variable user experience, engagement, adoption ', retention, and task success calculated based on 32 questions 2 has an average point of the lowest question on variable Task success . This means the experience user application Segari is quite satisfactory and succeeded in creating a good experience but not yet overall since there are some questions each variable has an average point of lowest and requires improvement.
Mixed Rademacher and BPS Black Holes

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Dyonic 1/4-BPS states in Type IIB string theory compactified on $\mathrm{K}3 \times T^2$ are counted by meromorphic Jacobi forms. The finite parts of these functions, which are mixed mock Jacobi forms, account for the degeneracy of states stable throughout the moduli space of the compactification. In this paper, we obtain an exact asymptotic expansion for their Fourier coefficients, refining the Hardy-Ramanujan-Littlewood circle method to deal with their mixed-mock character. The result is compared to a low-energy supergravity computation of the exact entropy of extremal dyonic 1/4-BPS single-centered black holes, obtained by applying supersymmetric localization techniques to the quantum entropy function.
Quenched Silicic Glass from Well KJ-39 in Krafla, North-Eastern Iceland

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In the fall of 2008 well KJ-39 was directionally drilled to a depth of 2865 m (2571 m TVD) into the Suðurhliðar field in Krafla geothermal field, north-eastern Iceland. Quenched silicic glass was found among the cuttings retrieved from the bottom of the well suggesting that magma had been encountered and high temperatures of 385.6°C were measured, while drill string was stuck in the well. The silicic glass contained resorbed minerals of plagioclase, clinopyroxene and titanomagnetite and was subalkaline, peraluminious in composition; containing 4-5% corundum in the norm. The composition of the silicic glass resembles magma that has formed by partial melting of hydrated basalt during initial stages of contact metamorphism. The melt was encountered among cuttings from impermeable, coarse basaltic intrusives at a depth, where the well was anticipated to penetrate the Holseldar volcanic fissure. The disclosure of melt at such shallow depths within Krafla geothermal system conform with the existence of a two phase reservoir, where temperature have reached 340350°C at 2000 m depth.
Antioxidant Activity of Rice Bran Protein Extract, its Enzymatic Hydrolysates and its Combination with Commercial Antioxidants

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract: Rice bran protein extracted from defatted Khao Dawk Mali (KDML 105) rice bran using alkali extraction and isoelectric precipitation (RBPE) was prepared. RBPE was hydrolyzed with Alcalase 2.4 L and antioxidant activity of the hydrolysates were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and Ferric Reducing Ability Power (FRAP) assay at hydrolysis time of 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. The DPPH free radicals scavenging activity and FRAP value of the alcalase RBPE hydrolysates were 32.1-35.5 % and 951-1,018 µmol FeSO4/mL of hydrolysate, respectively and were not significantly different (p&gt;0.05) at different hydrolysis times. RBPE was freeze-dried (FD-RBPE) and it was found that freeze-drying did not affect antioxidant activity of RBPE. DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP of the FD-RBPE was 41.9 % and 92.6 µmol FeSO4/g protein, respectively. FD-RBPE was combined with butyrate hydroxyanisole (BHA) and their antioxidant activities were evaluated. It showed that FD-RBPE did not affect antioxidant activity of BHA. Based on DPPH radical-scavenging activity, 106 µg protein of FD-RBPE can replace 1 µg of BHA. It suggested that FD-RBPE can replace BHA or be combined with BHA as antioxidant in food products. Key words: Antioxidant activity, rice bran protein extract, combination effect
Bauhinia rufescens, Ocimum basilicum and Salvadora persica: a review of their chemical compounds and properties for antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Bauhinia rufescens, Ocimum basilicum and Salvadora persica are well known plants used in African traditional medicine, especially in Chadian traditional medicine.They are mostly used in the treatment of infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, fever, and so on.Studies using various in vitro and in vivo bioassay techniques support the scientific rationale for most of these usages.In this review, ethnobotanical uses, chemistry of natural products, and pharmacological and clinical data for these plants are presented.
Therapeutic potential of doxorubicin and Evodia suaveolens leaves extract in targeting cell cycle arrest and proliferation on acute myeloid leukemia in vitro

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic malignancy characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. The standard chemotherapy in treating AML cases is anthracycline, including doxorubicin; however, it could cause severe side effects if administered continuously at high doses, making it less tolerable for some patients. Evodia suaveolens, a herbal medicine, is known to contain active compounds and anti-cancer activities, which could inhibit cancer cell proliferation. This study aims to determine the combined effect of doxorubicin and Evodia suaveolens on inhibiting the G2/M cell cycle phase and proliferation in AML cells. This experimental study used HL-60 cells which were divided into six treatment groups: K- (control), K+ (doxorubicin 0.2 µg/mL), D1-D3 (combination of doxorubicin 0.2 µg/mL and Evodia suaveolens leaf extract with concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 mg/mL) and D4 (Evodia suaveolens leaf extract 0.8 mg/mL). The findings indicated that the G2/M phase of the cell cycle was most effectively inhibited at the D3 dose (doxorubicin at 0.2 µg/mL combined with Evodia suaveolens leaf extract at 0.8 mg/mL), which also significantly reduced cell proliferation. Consequently, this study concludes that the combination of doxorubicin and Evodia suaveolens effectively inhibits the G2/M cell cycle phase and proliferation in AML cells.
Regional Differences in Dementia Incidence Among US Veterans

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Importance Prior studies of dementia incidence in the US often focused on narrow regions, leaving regional variation unclear and potential explanatory factors unknown. Objective To investigate geographic differences in dementia incidence across the US among older adults enrolled in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) system. Design, Setting, and Population Cohort study spanning October 1999 to September 2021 with a mean follow-up time of 12.6 years. Data were analyzed from October 2023 to September 2024 among a random sample of 1 268 599 dementia-free veterans aged 65 years or older with available zip code information in locations across the US. We excluded 22 512 with missing zip codes, 265 850 with no follow-up, and 37 370 with prevalent dementia. Exposure Geographical region categories across the US were defined using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion definition, which divides the US into 10 regions, each composed of 4 to 7 states. Main Outcomes and Measures Dementia diagnoses were based on International Classification of Diseases codes and calculated for zip codes within the CDC regions. Poisson regression models were used to calculate dementia incidence per 1000 person-years and assess regional differences in incidence rate ratios with several covariate models. Results Among the 1 268 599 participants (mean age, 73.9 [SD, 6.1] years; n = 25 335 [2%] female), dementia incidence rates per 1000 person-years were lowest in the Mid-Atlantic (11.2; 95% CI, 11.1-11.4) and highest in the Southeast (14.0; 95% CI, 13.8-14.2). Compared with the Mid-Atlantic, the regions with the greatest demographically adjusted incidence included the Southeast (rate ratio [RR], 1.25; 95% CI, 1.22-1.28), Northwest (RR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.20-1.27), Rocky Mountains (RR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.20-1.26), South (RR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.15-1.20), Midwest (RR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.09-1.14), and South Atlantic (RR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.10-1.14); the remaining regions had similar (&amp;lt;10% difference) incidence. Additional adjustments for rurality and cardiovascular comorbidities and accounting for the competing risk of death produced similar results. Conclusions and Relevance Among older adults in the VHA, dementia incidence varied significantly across US regions, independent of key covariates. These findings highlight the need for targeted health care planning, public health interventions, and policy development.
Proteomic analysis of desmosomes reveals novel components required for epidermal integrity

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Desmosomes are cell-cell adhesion structures that are required for the integrity of the skin and heart. Here, we have used a proteomics approach to identify novel desmosome-associated proteins. Ablation of Crk and Crkl, two such proteins identified, results in desmosome defects, epidermal fragility and neonatal lethality.
Changes of NSE in umbilical cord blood of aspbyxial neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and its clinical significance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective:To study clinical significance of NSE in umbilical cord blood of asphyxial neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.Methods:Twenty-six cases of healthy infants were regarded as control group.Fifty-eight cases of asphyxial neonates were divided two groups, 36 cases without HIE and 22 cases with HIE.NSE levels in umbilical cord blood of three groups were measured with RIA.Results:NSE levels in umbilical cord blood of group with HIE(24.13±3.82 μg/L) were significantly higher than that of control group(13.24±2.84 μg/L)(P0.05),and that of group without HIE(14.68±3.30 μg/L)(P0.05).Conclusion:To measure NSE level in umbilical cord blood of asphyxial neonates may be helpful in the early diagnosis of asphyxial neonates with HIE.
The Great Salt Lake and Utah's Water Resources

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Introduction: It is appropriate to introduce these proceedings with a brief description of this history and objectives of the American Water Resources Association (AWRA). Quoting from a recent information borchure published by the AWRA, it is a non-profit, scientific organization that was incorporated in the State of Illinous in March, 1964, with headquarters in Urbana, Illinois. A major factor in the establishment of the AWRA was the need for an organization to encourage and foster interdisciplinary communication between professionals of diverse backgrounds working on all aspects of water resources problems. The principal objectives of AWRA are stated briefly as follows: 1. The advancement of water resources research, planning, development, management, and education. 2. The establishment of a common meeting ground for engineers, and physical, biological, and social scientists concerned with water resources. 3. The collection, organization, and dissemination of ideas and information in the field of water resources science and technology. Approximately two years ago the directors of the AWRA, in an attempt to promote increased participation and multi-disciplinary involvement at the local level, divided the area of the United States into districuts, each of which contains several states. Districts were further divided into state sections. The Utah Section lies within the Mountain District, which also contains the state sections of Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico. At a business meeting of the Utah Section which was held on November 17, 1971, bylaws were adopted. A primary objective of the Utah Section as set out by the bylaws is to provide a common forum in which professionals in water resources and related areas can meet to discuss and exchange ideas pertaining to all aspects of water resources research and management, specifically as they relate to problems in utah. In selecting the Great Salt Lake and Utah's water resources as the theme of the first Annual Conference of the Utah Section, the program committee very adequately fulfilled a requirement necessary to meeting the terms of the objectives set out above. In his keynote address, Governor Calbin L. Rampton pointed out that the Great Salt Lake has had a history of public interest from much concern to apathy, but that now the State is being faced with some crucial policy questions. Typical of these policy questions are: Should oil drilling in the lake be permitted? and Should the railway causeway be opened to allow equalization of salinity within the waters of the lake? It is hoped that this First Annual Conference of the Utah Section, AWRA, will be the first of many successful conferences of this Section which bring together people with widely varied backgrounds but all with a common concern for particular water resources problems within the State of Utah.
A Study on Pathway and QSPR Models for Debromination of PBDEs with Pseudopotential Method

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Neutral PBDEs congeners and their corresponding radical anions were studied with the pseudopotential method of stuttgart group (SDD) effective-core potentials basis set for the bromine atoms and the all-electron basis set for all other atoms. The pseudopotential method can be used for compounds containing heavy elements with relativistic effects and can reduce the computational time. The quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) study was also performed in this work to develop models to predict the normolized reaction rate constants for the reductive debromination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) by zero-valent iron (ZVI). The partial least squares regression (PLSR), principal component analysis-multiple linear regression analysis (PCA-MLR), and back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) approaches were employed for the QSPR study between the molecular descriptors and the logarithm of normalized reaction rate constants of fourteen selected BDE congeners. The results show that the ANN models could be more satisfactorily to predict the rate constants than the PLSR and PCA-MLR models.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Chemo‐ and Enantioselective Coupling between Cyclobutanones and Allenes: Rapid Synthesis of [3.2.2] Bicycles

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Herein an intramolecular nickel‐catalyzed (4+2) coupling between cyclobutanones and allenes, by C−C cleavage, is reported. The reaction provides a distinct approach for accessing [3.2.2] bicyclic scaffolds which are challenging to prepare through conventional approaches. The reaction is efficient, chemoselective, and pH/redox neutral. Room temperature conditions and low catalyst loadings can be adopted. Excellent enantioselectivity is also achieved.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of An anatomical basis for blocking of the deep cervical plexus and cervical sympathetic tract using an ultrasound-guided technique.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: A selective blocking method for the cervical plexus and the cervical sympathetic trunk has not yet been established.METHODS: We performed a detailed examination of the neck anatomy using 28 cadavers. The pattern of local anesthetic distribution after injection in 2 healthy volunteers was imaged using computed tomographic scan.RESULTS: The deep cervical plexus was located in the groove between the longus capitis and scalenus medius muscles. The cervical sympathetic trunk was located on the anteromedial surface of the longus capitis. Although anesthetic injected into the longus capitis was confined to the muscle, it infiltrated into neighboring structures including the C2 to C5 roots and sympathetic trunk.CONCLUSIONS: The longus capitis muscle is a suitable landmark for blocking the cervical plexus and trunk. PMID: 20008914
De Novo Engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for l-Proline Production

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

l-Proline is an important amino acid that has various industrial applications. Industrial l-proline-producing strains are obtained by the mutagenesis of Corynebacterium glutamicum. In this study, the optimized C. glutamicum genome-editing tools were further applied in the de novo construction of a hyper-l-proline-producing strain. Overexpression of a feedback inhibition-resistant γ-glutamic kinase mutant ProBG149K, deletion of a proline dehydrogenase to block l-proline degradation, overexpression of glutamate dehydrogenase to increase glutamate synthesis flux, the mutation of 6-phosphate gluconate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase in the pentose phosphate pathway to enhance NADPH supply, the deletion of pyruvate aminotransferase to decrease the byproduct l-alanine synthesis, and weakening of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase to regulate the TCA cycle were combined to obtain ZQJY-9. ZQJY-9 produced 19.68 ± 0.22 g/L of l-proline in flask fermentation and was also demonstrated at the 3 L bioreactor level by fed-batch fermentation producing 120.18 g/L of l-proline at 76 h with the highest productivity of 1.581 g/L/h.
Improving oral hygiene practices in children with autism spectrum disorder

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience higher rates of oral disease compared to their typically developing (TD) peers due to impaired oral hygiene practices and caregiver-experienced barriers to accessing, receiving, and practicing adequate dental care at home and in the clinical setting. This project aimed to reinforce the importance of pediatric oral health and to improve caregivers’ oral health knowledge and comfort with at home oral hygiene practices by providing an oral health educational toolkit to caregivers of children with ASD. The site for this project was the Malama Pono Autism Center (MPAC) and participants were parents of children with ASD age 2- to 5-years-old receiving applied behavior analysis (ABA) services at MPAC. The project design included a live educational session led by the DNP student and distribution of an oral health educational brochure, ABA overview handout and ABA-supported video modeling tool to participants. The project utilized pre- and post-intervention questionnaires to evaluate its outcomes. Results showed improved oral hygiene behaviors (increase in tooth brushing and flossing frequency, and increased use of fluoride-containing toothpaste), improved parent-reported comfort levels assisting their child with toothbrushing and flossing and addressing behavioral challenges during oral care, and increased parental knowledge related to oral health. Project results support use of an educational intervention targeting caregivers of children with ASD as an effective method to promote oral hygiene practices and health in children with ASD, which can be translated to other clinical and community settings.
Quality Characteristics of Ssangwha Extract according to Extraction Conditions

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Optimal extraction conditions were established from the difference of quality characteristics according to extraction conditions of Ssangwha extracts(SWE). Extract yields of SWE obtained from the established extraction conditions were as follows. The maximum yield was 48.90% at extraction temperature 90 and alcohol concentration 50%, extraction yield and alcohol concentration of extraction solvent was proportioned. Increase of extraction yields at extraction temperature 80∼90 and more than alcohol concentration 30% had slowdown tendency according to increase of alcohol concentration. At this view point, the optimum extraction conditions were alcohol concentration 30% and more than extraction temperature 80. In this study, optimal extraction conditions of SWE were extraction temperature 90 and alcohol concentration 30%.