jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Progressive photon mapping algorithm for digital imaging of a space target

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Space target imaging simulation holds great significance for the development of space-based imaging systems and the prediction of imaging tasks. Currently, commonly used rendering algorithms in space target imaging simulation suffer from issues such as radiance calculation results lacking actual physical significance and rendered images containing high-frequency noise. To address these issues, this study proposes a rendering algorithm based on progressive photon mapping in the context of space imaging scenarios, aiming to enhance the accuracy of energy calculations and image rendering for space targets. This algorithm generates multiple photon maps on the target surface through multiple iterations, retrieves photon information near the observation point based on these photon maps, and thus obtains the radiance of the observation direction vector. This study evaluates the quality of rendered images using no-reference image quality assessment algorithms. The results demonstrate that this algorithm can enhance image rendering quality in specific imaging scenarios, consequently improving the accuracy of space target recognition. By comparing the calculated values of this algorithm with the theoretical radiance values for diffuse material, the accuracy of the radiance calculation results of this algorithm is verified, which can provide significant reference values for the selection of backend detectors.
Broadband and low NEP terahertz-wave detection using pre-amplifier-integrated Fermi-level managed barrier diode

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A Fermi-level managed barrier diode was integrated with a current-input pre-amplifier to achieve broadband and low noise THz-wave detection. The fabricated quasi-optical module demonstrated signal detection at frequencies from 160 GHz to 1.4 THz. A peak voltage sensitivity as high as 3.2 MV/W was obtained at 300 GHz with a good linearity, wide dynamic range of more than five decades, and very low noise-equivalent-power (NEP) of 3.0 pW/VHI.
New Brits? Migration and Settlement of Albanian-origin Immigrants in London

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Studies on migration and the integration of ethnic minorities have noted the lack of research on new immigrants to Britain. The pragmatism in UK immigration politics and the inadequate response to the presence of these new migration waves have also been documented, although there is only limited evidence to date. This paper focuses on one particularly ignored immigrant group Albanian migrants and their children and provides evidence regarding their migration and process of settlement in Britain. Findings show that the lack of legal migration routes to Britain has deeply affected migration trajectories of this group into the country. By this I mean not only the geographical routes and means of entry, but, much more, the personal trajectories of the migrants. Furthermore, an unsettled British asylum policy and deficiencies in its implementation have had an impact on migrants health and their strategies of integration. In their search for a social and ethnic positionality in a multi-ethnic and socially stratified host society, the realisation of the migration project of Albanian migrants takes place alongside culture shock, a widened intergenerational gap, ambivalence towards citizenship and belongingness, and links to Albania.
The Deamination of cis- and trans-3-Bicyclo [3.1.0]hexylamines in Aqueous Solution

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Deamination of cis- and trans-3-Bicyclo [3.1.0]hexylamines in Aqueous SolutionE. J. Corey and Robert L. DawsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 12, 1782–1787Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00895a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00895a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views332Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Novel Visual Field Screening Program for Glaucoma With a Head-Mounted Perimeter

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Précis: A novel visual field screening program with a head-mounted perimeter ‘imo’ could detect glaucoma at all stages in a short time with high accuracy. Purpose: The present study aimed to examine the accuracy and availability of a novel glaucoma visual field screening program using a head-mounted visual perimeter ‘imo.’ Participants and Methods: Eyes of 76 non-glaucoma participants and 92 glaucoma patients were examined. All patients underwent visual field tests using the Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer (30-2 or 24-2 Swedish Interactive Thresholding Algorithm standard program) and imo (the visual field screening program). We evaluated five visual field screening program indicators: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and testing time. We also evaluated the ability of this visual field screening program to differentiate between glaucoma patients and normal controls using the receiver operating characteristic curves and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the visual field screening program were 76%–100%, 91%–100%, 86%–89%, and 79%–100%, respectively. The visual field screening program test time was 46±13 seconds for normal controls and 61±18, 82±21, and 105±16 econds, respectively for mild, moderate, and advanced-stage patients. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.77, 0.97, and 1.0 in the mild, moderate, and advanced stages, respectively. Conclusions: Visual field screening using a head-mounted perimeter ‘imo’ detected glaucoma at all stages in a short time with high accuracy.
Riven by Lust: Incest and Schism in Indian Buddhist Legend and Historiography

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Riven by Lust explores the tale of a man accused of causing the fundamental schism in early Indian Buddhism, but not before he has sex with his mother and kills his father. In tracing this Indian Buddhist Oedipal tale, Jonathan Silk follows it through texts in all of the major canonical languages of Buddhism, Sanskrit, Pali, Tibetan, Chinese, and Japanese, along the way noting parallels and contrasts with classical and medieval European stories such as the legend of the Oedipal Judas. Simultaneously, he investigates the psychological and anthropological understandings of the tale of mother-son incest in light of contemporary psychological and anthropological understandings of incest, with special attention to the question of why we consider it among the worst of crimes.
Supervised Learning Methods Comparison for Android Malware Detection Based on System Calls Referring to ARM (32-bit/EABI) Table

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Android malware detection research is a topic that is still being developed. From all the detection techniques developed, dynamic analysis methods have become interesting because they trace the suspect application system calls. Based on the system calls, by utilizing machine learning, the suspect application can be classified as malware or benign. Comparing the machine learning methods is im-portant to determine what method is best to support malware detection. This article aims to explain more clearly and simply the way to conduct Android malware detection based on system calls step by step using classification. Furthermore, it presents the system calls sequence conversion referring to the arm(32-bit/EABI) table, which has 398 system calls (0-397) as features. It will provide a compari-son of several supervised machine-learning methods for classifying Android applications. This initial research is part of the other research that has the purpose of developing a malware detection system based on an Android application. This research can be used to develop the best machine learning to classify malware applications using a Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), and Naive Bayes (NB). The result can be concluded that the KNN method has the lowest performance in detecting Android malware apps, with an accuracy of only 0.50. In comparison, the NB method has an accuracy of only 0,69. SVM and DT models have similar accuracy and recall results of 0.79 and 0.75, respectively, but DT obtained higher precision and scores of 0.83 and 0.76, respectively. Although in this study, the classification performance of DT is better than SVM, based on comparison with the results of previous research, SVM is a suitable method for Android malware de-tection based on system calls. It is proven by the results of research comparisons that the SVM method is always the method with the highest accuracy score among other methods. For the next research, the SVM method can be used to develop a malware detection system for Android applications.
OVERTOURISM AND MARKETING STRATEGIES OF TOURISTIC ENTERPRISES

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Overtourism is a phenomenon that affects many touristic destinations. This study aims to explore the attitudes of touristic enterprises towards the impact of overtourism on touristic destinations. Moreover, it aims to explore the marketing strategies that each identified group of enterprises adopt. A primary survey was carried out in June – October 2019 to a random sample of tourism enterprises operated in Greece. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to identify the main attitudes of tourism enterprises towards the impact of overtourism on tourism industry in the destination they operate. Cluster analysis was performed to classify those enterprises into groups according their attitudes towards overtourism. Two strategic groups of enterprises were identified: (a) conscious and (b) opportunists. In the next step, PCA was also elaborated in order to identify the main strategic dimensions influencing the marketing strategies that “conscious” and “opportunists” tourism enterprises follow. Furthermore, hierarchical and k-means cluster analysis were used to identify the marketing strategies that “conscious” and “opportunists” tourism enterprises adopt. Non parametric chi-square test was performed to develop the profile of those enterprises. Finally, the Friedman non parametric one way test was conducted to explore the association between each marketing strategic group and their opinion about opportunities and threats that overtourism creates regarding the improvement of the attractiveness of the places in which they operate.
POKRYWA ŚNIEŻNA W ZACHODNIEJ CZĘŚCI BESKIDÓW ZACHODNICH

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The work presents the occurrence of snow cover in the western part of the Western Beskids in the years 1991–2020. We have analysed data from climate research stations of the IMGW-PIB located in Brenna, Laliki, Zawoja, Radziechowy (1991–2007)/Nowy Dwór (2008–2020). We calculated the number of days with snow cover for each winter seasons, the number of days with permanent snow cover, the potential duration of snow cover and the sum of seasonal snow cover thicknesses. The snowiness classes of Chrzanowski winters and the snowiness index of Paczos were determined from the sums of the thickness of the snow cover. The snowiest season was the 2005/06 winter season, while the thinnest snow cover was observed in the 2013/14 season. There are clear relationships between the height above sea level and the time of snow cover occurrence, as well as its thickness.
A STUDY ON GASTRIC EMPTYING PATTERN AFTER

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

各種の迷切, 幽成術ならびに迷切兼幽成術後の胃内容排出態度について実験的に観察し検討した.その結果, 迷切では選近迷切が最も胃内容排出障害が少なく, 幽成ではFinney法が最も良くドレナージ効果を示した.またFinney法を除く幽成は正常胃の内容排出に対しては促進効果を示さず, 迷切胃の内容排出に対しては促進効果を示した.さらに迷切兼幽成術後の胃内容排出態度は摂食後早期に急速な排出を示し, 時期の経過とともにかえって排出が遅延する傾向がみられ, その排出機転には胃の内圧が大きく関与していると考えられた.このような排出態度が本術式後のダンピング症候群, あるいはGastric Stasisを来して潰瘍の再発にも関連すると推定された.
A 3D Strange Attractor with a Distinctive Silhouette. The Butterfly Effect Revisited

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We propose firstly an autonomous system of three first order differential equations which has two nonlinear terms and generating a new and distinctive strange attractor. Furthermore, this new 3D chaotic system performs a new feature of the Sensitive Dependency on Initial Conditions (SDIC) popularized as the Butterfly Effect discovered by Lorenz (1963). We noticed that the variation of the Initial Conditions for our system leads not only to different attractors but also to a singular phenomenon of overlapped attractors.
Functional differentiation in the genetic control of murine T lymphocyte responses to human fibrinopeptide B.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Abstract The ability to generate proliferative and helper T lymphocyte responses in mice was compared by using the 14 amino acid peptide, human fibrinopeptide B (hFPB). Lymph node or peritoneal exudate T cells from mice immunized with hFPB were assessed for in vitro proliferation to soluble hFPB as determined by the uptake of 3H-thymidine. The T cell proliferative response to hFPB was found to be under MHC-linked Ir gene control; mice possessing the H-2a,k haplotypes were responders, whereas H-2b,d,q,s mice were nonresponders. The influence of non-H-2 genes on these responses was not investigated, so exclusive regulation by H-2 is provisional. The absence of a detectable lymph node and peritoneal exudate T cell proliferative response persisted in H-2b,d,q,s mice after immunization and boosting with several doses of hFPB. In addition, the capacity to produce a T cell proliferative response was inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and gene(s) controlling responsiveness to hFPB mapped to the I-A subregion of the H-2 complex. To measure peptide-specific helper T cell activity, an in vitro microculture assay in which hFPB-primed lymph node T cells and normal spleen B cells and macrophages were used was developed measuring anti-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) IgM and IgG plaque-forming cell (PFC) responses after culture with FITC-conjugated peptide. Immunization of B10.BR, C57BL/10, B10.D2, and B6AF mice with hFPB primed for significant helper T cell activity as assessed by the ability to augment a primary in vitro IgM response to FITC. The normal B cell IgM responses were completely dependent on hFPB-primed T cells and required that hapten (FITC) and carrier (peptide) be linked. In addition, immunization with FITC-conjugated peptide elicited positive in vivo PFC responses to FITC in B10.BR and C57BL/10 mice, indicating similar genetic control of helper activity in both the intact animals and the in vitro microcultures. Thus, B10.BR mice show both T help and T proliferative responses to hFPB, whereas C57BL/10 mice show only T help and no T proliferative responses. In contrast to B10.BR mice, C3H and CBA mice immunized with hFPB were completely unresponsive when assayed for helper T cell activity in vitro despite their ability to generate positive lymph node T cell proliferative responses. These results indicate responsiveness to hFPB by T helper and proliferating cells is different and is under separate genetic control.
Domestic experience of prevention and treatment of skin toxicity in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receiving inhibitors of EGFR: the example of using of panitumumab

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The results of the first national experience of skin toxicity correction in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) receiving EGRF-inhibitors shown on the example of using of Panitumumab. The collection and evaluation of the data were produced in the framework of the project of the working group on maintenance therapy of Russian society of clinical oncologists and chemotherapeutists (RUSSCO) to develop recommendations for the prevention and treatment of dermatological toxicity in patients receiving EGFR-inhibitors. The project involved 10 centers in Russia. In 58 patients receiving Panitumumab, the efficacy of prophylactic medication and symptomatic treatment of clinical manifestations of dermatological toxicity using available remedies was evaluated. The results confirm the effectiveness of preventive therapy. Optimal correction schemes of various manifestations of dermal toxicity were developed depending on the clinical manifestations and severity.
Calcium Absorption Acceleration Effect on Phosphorylated and Non-phosphorylated Peptides from Hoki (Johnius Belengeri) Frame

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

In order to utilize protein hydrolysate produced from hoki (Johnius Belengeri) frame among many different fish processing wastes, hoki frame peptide (PHFP) and phosphorylated hoki frame peptide (PHFP) were prepared, and their calcium absorption accelerating effects were investigated in comparison to control and casein phosphopeptide (CPP). In in vitro experiment, HFP and PHFP inhibited calcium phosphate formation as high as 1.5-fold and 2.5-fold, respectively, comparing to control, In addition, the inhibition rate of calcium phosphate precipitation as increasing concentrations of HFP and PHFP was risen and was similar to that of CPP at 2.0 mg/ml of PHFP concentration, In in vivo experiment using the rats, the groups fed HFP and PHFP indicated significantly increased calcium content in the femur. In particular, the calcium content in the small intestine of the rat fed PHFP was higher than that of control group by approximately .
5-HT1A receptor: its role in the regulation of different kinds of behavior

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Brain serotonin (5-HT) is known to be involved in the control of a wide range of physiological functions as well as of different kinds of behavior. Such polyfunctionality of 5-HT is mediated by numerous 5-HT receptors. Currently, 14 different 5-HT receptor subtypes expressed in the mammals have been identified. The 5-HT1А receptor is one of the most extensively characterised members of the serotonin receptor family. Increased interest to the 5-HT1А receptor is based on (1) a key role in the autoregulation of the brain serotonergic system due to the postsynaptic and presynaptic localization, (2) a great body of data demonstrating implication of 5-HT1А receptor in the control of various physiological functions (3) involvement of 5-HT1А receptors in the mechanisms of depression, anxiety and suicide. The review describes literature and original data on factors affecting the expression and functional activity of 5-HT1А receptors and the involvement of 5-HT1А receptors in the regulation of normal and pathological behavior. The structure of the 5-HT1А receptor gene is described and new data on the posttranslational regulation of 5-HT1А receptor functional activity are provided. A special focus was given to the interaction between 5-HT1А and 5-HT7 receptors followed by heterodimer formation and the role of heterodimerization in the functional inactivation of the 5-HT1А receptor. The implication of 5-HT1А receptors in the regulation of aggressive behavior, catalepsy, anxiety, depression and hibernation was shown. Special attention is focused on the involvement of 5-HT1А receptors in the regulation of 1) fear-induced aggression towards man – the basis of domestication, 2) intermale aggression underling asocial behavior in men, 3) depression and in the mechanism of antidepressant action. The described data extend the idea on the 5-HT1А receptor as a key player in the brain 5-HT system.
Site analysis using microtremor array for disaster mitigation of landslide in Curug Penganten tourism object in Banjar West Java

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Micrometer Array is a field observation that uses surface waves with certain configurations. The purpose of this research is to obtain information on subsurface geological conditions, especially the depth of the bedrock so that the subsurface rock characteristics and soil conditions can be identified as landslide mitigation measures in the Curug Penganten tourist area. The research method used is spatial autocorrelation (SPAC). The result is that the Curug Penganten tourist area has a rock layer in the Curug Penganten tourist attraction consisting of 3 rock layers with the characteristics of medium rock layers in the first layer, hard rock layers in the second layer, and hard rock layers in the third layer. For the depth of the first and second rock layers of 180 meters, as well as the depths of the second and third layers of 180 meters, mitigation steps that can be taken from these results are that the hard rock conditions are not too deep so that the sedimentary soil conditions are not too thick. Soil slope and rainfall, as well as vegetation density that affects landslides.
Error analysis in parallel-axes binocular stereoscopic measurement system caused by the calibrated parameters

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper focuses on the errors in parallel-axes binocular stereoscopic measurement system caused by the calibrated parameters. The Monte-Carlo method was used in simulating and analyzing the errors. In the view of complex algebraic expression of 3D point from the positioning model of binocular vision, according to the independence of imaging-model-parameters, a method of single-parameter analysis of positioning errors was proposed to facilitate the simulation. The simulation results and experiments show that among the intrinsic parameters, the calibration error of the principle point (u0, v0) has a significant influence on the positioning accuracy on the X and Y direction, and the calibration error of focus f u has an obvious influence on the positioning accuracy on the Z direction. On the other hand, among the extrinsic parameters, both the rotation angle β and the baseline t1 have a visible influence on the positioning accuracies accuracy on all the three directions. The conclusion can be taken as a reference for the design and calibration of binocular vision system.
Optimal minimax algorithm for integrating fast oscillatory functions in two dimensions

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, we give a complete description of efficient formulae for the numerical integration of fast oscillating functions of two variables. The focus is on the case encountered frequently in many engineering applications where an accurate value of the Lipschitz constant is not available. Using spline approximations, we demonstrate the main idea of our approach on the example of piecewise bilinear interpolation, and propose optimal‐by‐order (with a constant not exceeding two) cubature formulae that are applicable for a wide range of oscillatory patterns. This property makes the formulae indispensable in many engineering applications dealing with signal processing and image recognition. Illustrative results of numerical experiments are presented.