jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration From Stem Segments in Pitaya(Hylocereus polyrhizus ‘Zihonglong')

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In order to further improve the pitaya varieties and yield,young stem segments of Zihonglong with red skin and red pulp were used as the test materials. Through selecting various plant growth regulators and concentration ratio,the culture medium,which was suitable for callus induction,adventitious bud regeneration and root formation,was screened to establish a stable,rapid and efficient plant regeneration system in pitaya( Hylocereus polyrhizus ‘Zihonglong'). The result indicated that high concentration of TDZ was beneficial to the callus induction,but not conducive to the adventitious bud regeneration. Vertical placement of the explants was better than horizontal placement for callus and adventitious shoot induction. The best medium for callus induction and adventitious shoot regeneration, through orthogonal designing with TDZ,2,4-D and NAA,was MS medium supplemented with 1. 0 mg·L- 12,4-D,0. 4 mg·L- 1TDZ and 0. 5 mg L- 1NAA,in which the callus induction rate was 89. 1% and the adventitious shoot regeneration rate was 94%,The optimal medium for rooting was MS medium containing 0. 5 mg·L- 1CCC,3. 0 mg·L- 1BA and200 mg·L- 1AC,which resulted in a rooting rate of 97%,the average root number of 7. 0 and average root length of10. 3 cm.
Ethanoanthracenes: Potential chemotherapeutics for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

CLL (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia) is the most common leukaemia in the Western world. Classed as a clonal disorder of mature B-lymphocytes, CLL patient prognoses are broadly subdivided by the mutational status of the Immunoglobulin G Heavy Chain Variable region (IGHV) (with unmutated IGHV holding a better patient prognosis than the wild type variant)1. Structures related to tricyclic and tetracyclic anti-depressants (fluoxetine,maprotiline respectively) have previously been shown to exert potent, selective antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in vitro and were met with marked success in related B cell malignancy cell lines, namely Burkitt's Lymphoma (BL) cell lines DG-75 and MUTU-12. Based on these preliminary studies, libraries of structurally related novel ethanoanthracene compounds were designed, based on the proven effectiveness of nitrostyrene core moiety derivatives and literature evidence of selective toxicity of chalcone moieties in leukaemic cell lines3. The antiproliferative activity of each compound was determined using Alamar Blue assays on the two types of CLL cell lines: HG-3 and PGA-1, representative of bad and good prognosis respectively. The most promising activity was observed with maleimide dienophile based ethanoanthracene chalcones, particularly at a 10 µM across both cell lines. A ROS (reactive oxygen species) dependant activity was noted as both nitrostyrene and chalcone based analog biological activity markedly decreased on addition of NAC (N- acetyl cysteine) or Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid). References Scarfò, L.; Ferreri, A. J. M.; Ghia, P., Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, 2016, 104, 169-182. Mc Namara, Y. M., Bright, S.A., Byrne, A.J., Williams, D.C., Meegan, M.J., European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2014, 71, 333. Zhuang, C.; Zhang, W.; Sheng, C.; Zhang, W.; Xing, C.; Miao, Z., Chemical Reviews, 2017, 117(12):7762-7810.
Letter Regarding: Low-Level Light Therapy Versus Intense Pulse Light for the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Ballesteros-Sánchez, Antonio OD, PhD Candidate; Gargallo-Martínez, Beatriz OD, PhD; Sánchez-González, María Carmen OD, PhD; Sánchez-González, José-María OD, PhD Author Information
Circulating Fibrocytes Prepare the Lung for Cancer Metastasis by Recruiting Ly-6C+ Monocytes Via CCL2

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Fibrocytes are circulating, hematopoietic cells that express CD45 and Col1a1. They contribute to wound healing and several fibrosing disorders by mechanisms that are poorly understood. In this report, we demonstrate that fibrocytes predispose the lung to B16-F10 metastasis by recruiting Ly-6C+ monocytes. To do so, we isolated fibrocytes expressing CD45, CD11b, CD13, and Col1a1 from the lungs of wild type (WT) and Ccr5−/− mice. WT but not Ccr5−/− fibrocytes increased the number of metastatic foci when injected into Ccr5−/− mice (73 ± 2 versus 32 ± 5; p &lt; 0.001). This process was MMP9 dependent. Injection of WT enhanced GFP+ fibrocytes also increased the number of Gr-1Int, CD11b+, and enhanced GFP− monocytes. Like premetastatic-niche monocytes, these recruited cells expressed Ly-6C, CD117, and CD45. The transfer of these cells into Ccr5−/− mice enhanced metastasis (90 ± 8 foci) compared with B cells (27 ± 2), immature dendritic cells (31 ± 6), or alveolar macrophages (28 ± 3; p &lt; 0.05). WT and Ccl2−/− fibrocytes also stimulated Ccl2 expression in the lung by 2.07 ± 0.05- and 2.78 ± 0.36-fold compared with Ccr5−/− fibrocytes (1.0 ± 0.06; p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, WT fibrocytes did not increase Ly-6C+ monocytes in Ccr2−/− mice and did not promote metastasis in either Ccr2−/− or Ccl2−/− mice. These data support our hypothesis that fibrocytes contribute to premetastatic conditioning by recruiting Ly-6C+ monocytes in a chemokine-dependent process. This work links metastatic risk to conditions that mobilize fibrocytes, such as inflammation and wound repair.
Effects of Crop Establishment Methods and Phosphorus Fertilization on Growth and Yield of Mungbean (Vingna radiata L. Wilczek.) in Kandahar Region of Afghanistan

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A field experiment was conducted entitled "Effect of methods of crop establishment and phosphorus fertilization on mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) during (August-October) of 2017 at Research Farm of Afghanistan National Agriculture Science and Technology University (ANASTU),
Calibrated Superstructure Model for Ballast Condition Monitoring in Turnouts

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Increasing demands for reliability and safety in rail transport require a detailed understanding of the vehicle-track interaction.However, in turnout zones, where track properties change, standard multi-body dynamic models using a co-running track formulation reach their limits.In particular, the interaction of sleepers and ballast cannot be accurately modelled.To overcome this problem, an extended superstructure model with individual sleepers and elastic rails, modelled as reduced finite element bodies, is proposed.The model order of the rails is reduced by modal reduction to accurately capture eigenfrequencies up to 1500 Hz.Furthermore, the model is calibrated with measured data from a turnout in Austria and shows good agreement with the data.In ongoing research, the model is being used to develop a condition monitoring system and a prediction model for ballast settlement in turnout areas.
Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan, Inovasi Produk dan Teknologi Informasi terhadap Kinerja Keuangan UMKM Kuliner di Alun-alun Karanganyar

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research was conducted on Culinary UMKM in Karanganyar Square. The purpose of this study was to analyze the significance of the influence of entrepreneurial orientation, product innovation and information technology on the financial performance of Culinary UMKM in Karanganyar Square. The type of data used in this study is quantitative. The sample of this study was 62 Culinary UMKM actors in Karanganyar Square with the type of sampling, namely accidental sampling. The analysis methods used were descriptive analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, t-test, F-test (model accuracy test), and R2 Test (determination coefficient test). The results showed that the influence of Entrepreneurial Orientation did not have a significant effect on the Financial Performance of Culinary UMKM in Karanganyar Square, thus the first hypothesis was not proven true. Product Innovation has a significant effect on the Financial Performance of Culinary UMKM in Karanganyar Square, thus the second hypothesis was proven true. Information Technology has a significant effect on the Financial Performance of Culinary MSMEs in Alun-Alun Karanganyar, thus the third hypothesis is proven true. The results of the F test obtained the results that there is an Influence of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Product Innovation and Information Technology on Financial Performance. And the results of the calculation of the determination coefficient obtained a value of R2 = 0.368, meaning that 36.8% is influenced by entrepreneurial orientation, product innovation and information technology and the rest is influenced by other variables outside the model such as financial literacy, financial inclusion, lack of capital etc.
Miraculous Affects and Analogical Materialities. Rethinking the Relation between Architecture and Affect in Baroque Italy

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This chapter addresses the relation between affect, architecture and place, materiality, miraculous event and ritual in baroque Italy by examining two miraculous liquefactions of saintly blood in baroque Naples. If these interrelationships are treated in non-representational terms, then materiality emerges as central to these relationships and crucial for an understanding of affect. Meanwhile, I suggest below that the role of ritual has been overstated.Thus the chapter thinks art and architecture in relation to affect through its materiality and not in representational terms.
New Records and Accounts Little Fire Ant, Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Established at Several Locations on Guam

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger) (LFA), was identified in a karst-limestone forest adjacent to a green-waste hardfill in northern Guam in No - vember 2011. Six additional LFA infestations were identified at private residences and small farms along the southwest coast of the island. Surveillance surveys sug- gest that LFA has yet to spread to the neighboring islands of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), or elsewhere in Micronesia. The spread of LFA to and throughout Guam is most likely due to human transport of infested plant material from LFA infested areas of Hawaii, Australia, or the U.S. mainland. The devastating effects of LFA on agriculture and forest ecosystems observed in LFA infested areas elsewhere are likely to occur on Guam and other Micronesian islands infested by LFA. Some LFA infestations on Guam may be eradicable using control techniques in use in Hawaii and other Pacific Basin countries.
S2406 Klebsiella pneumoniae Liver Abscess: KLA, It’s Never Okay

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: Klebsiella primary liver abscess (KLA), is an increasingly prominent disease in Southeast Asia. Moreover, in the past 2 decades, hypervirulent strains of K. pneumoniae have emerged as a predominant cause of pyogenic liver abscesses. Classic presentation include fevers, right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain, and elevated C-reactive protein. However, KLA is distinct because it is community acquired and patients rarely have a hepatobiliary disease prior to infection. CASE DESCRIPTION/METHODS: Patient is a 51-year-old male with PMH of Dyslipidemia and obesity who presented with fever and general malaise. Pt was febrile but abdomen was soft with no organomegaly or masses. Labs showed WNL WBC and alkaline phosphatase but elevated lactic acid (2.8). Clinical sepsis was diagnosed and patient was started on IV Flagyl and Ceftriaxone. On day 3, blood cultures resulted as positive for K. pneumoniae. CT abdomen revealed multiple liver masses. CT guided aspiration confirmed diagnosis of KLA. 6 weeks of IV Rocephin and oral Flagyl were given and on follow up imaging, liver abscesses had almost complete resolution. DISCUSSION: K Pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacillus that is part of the normal flora of the GI tract. However, its colonization, can lead to translocation from the GI tract to the portal venous system leading to the development of liver abscess. In addition, a minority of patients with primary KLA can develop metastatic infections at other sites, most commonly the eye, meninges, and brain. The incidence of metastatic infection ranges from 10% to 45%, and is especially prominent in patients with Diabetes Mellitus due impaired host-defense mechanisms. Imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT can usually differentiate abscess from malignancy. In some instances, multilobulated abscess may mimic the heterogeneity of hepatic tumor, thus image guided percutaneous drainage may be diagnostic and therapeutic and is preferred over surgical drainage. In addition, treatment of KLA requires parenteral antibiotic therapy preferably a third-generation cephalosporin based upon susceptibility. Studies have shown that starting broad-spectrum antibiotics initially to control bacteremia has led to most KLA isolates to be resistant to ampicillin and penicillin. Antibiotics should be given for at least four to six weeks, depending on abscess resolution as determined by imaging findings.Figure 1.: Initial Image obtained.Figure 2.: Comparison pre and post treatment.
Tic Douloureux

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: The current test for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) uses a glucose monomer test beverage, which frequently causes gastrointestinal symptoms, and venipuncture. We investigated a simplified test using a beverage of glucose polymer and a capillary whole blood glucose measurement. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind clinical trial, women at 24 to 28 weeks’ gestation received a 50-g glucose monomer (n = 41) or glucose polymer (n = 35) beverage. Venous and capillary blood samples were obtained 1 hour later. The women then completed standardized questionnaires about their symptoms. Results: The glucose polymer beverage was associated with significantly fewer symptoms than was the glucose monomer drink: the mean was 1.1 symptoms per test with the glucose monomer drink and 0.4 symptoms per test with the glucose polymer drink (P < 0.05), 51 percent of the women developed symptoms after drinking the glucose monomer beverage, and 27 percent of the women developed symptoms after drinking the glucose polymer beverage (P < 0.05). Glucose type did not affect the 1-hour plasma glucose level, mean 5.94 mmol/L (107 mg/dL) for the glucose monomer and 5.76 mmol/L (103.8 mg/dL) for the glucose polymer (P = 0.79). For the capillary test, sensitivity was 0.75 and specificity was 0.82 in detecting a screening test positive by the venous plasma glucose criterion. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that a glucose polymer beverage is better tolerated than a glucose monomer beverage during GDM screening, but capillary glucose measurement might be of limited use in clinics where many personnel perform the capillary blood glucose testing.
Corporate Purpose and Stakeholder Value

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Abstract For whom is the corporation managed? The traditional idea is one of profit generation for shareholders. The new trend holds instead that the purpose of companies is the solution. Historically, state concessions for corporations were granted only if a public utility could be established. Yet the concession system faded away, and the targeted pursuit of general interest was assigned to antitrust, securities regulation, and other public laws. The chapter covers the current debate on corporate purpose, stakeholder participation, and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) in the light of history and comparative law (in France, Germany, and the EU Corporate, Sustainability Due Diligence Directive). It analyses the current economic, social science, and policy arguments and the various legislative options (enlightened shareholder value, constituency statutes, balancing of interest, ESG, corporate sustainability due diligence, and climate change legislation). The most important challenge is to making stakeholder governance work. Enforcement options are disclosure and auditing, enterprise law, and public and private enforcement.
CSD 1894181: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An entry from the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database, the world’s repository for inorganic crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the joint CCDC and FIZ Karlsruhe Access Structures service and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Use of a Two-Compartment Model to Assess the Pharmacokinetics of Human Ethanol Metabolism

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The relationship between blood ethanol concentration and hepatic ethanol metabolism commonly is calculated using the Michaelis-Menten equation and a one-compartment model that assumes equality of blood and hepatic ethanol concentrations. However, at low blood concentrations, most of the ethanol arriving at the liver is metabolized, and hepatic ethanol concentrations may fall far below that of the entering blood. We have developed a two-compartment model of ethanol metabolism that accounts for the fall in ethanol concentration that may occur as blood traverses the liver and used this model to make predictions concerning ethanol metabolism at various blood ethanol concentrations. The two-compartment model predicts that near-complete saturation will occur more abruptly and at a lower blood concentration (˜3 mM) than is the case with the one-compartment model. Thus, the two-compartment model predicts a near-constant ethanol elimination rate for blood ethanol concentrations above 3 mM (as commonly observed in human subjects), whereas the one-compartment model predicts an increasing elimination rate over the range of concentrations observed in experimental studies. In agreement with observed data, the two-compartment model predicts that first-pass metabolism should be extremely sensitive to the rate of ethanol absorption. Application of this model to previously published data indicated that, when absorption was slowed via concomitant food ingestion, first-pass metabolism accounts for ˜50% and 10% of ethanol dosages of 0.15 g/kg and 0.3 g/kg, respectively. When ingested without food, there is negligible first-pass metabolism of even very small ethanol dosages (0.15 g/kg). These findings suggest that first-pass metabolism is an unimportant determinant of the blood ethanol response to ingestion of potentially inebriating doses of ethanol.
Assessor Effects On The Evaluation Of The WISC-III

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

There have been many theories about cultural differences found between groups on intelligence test scores. The main debate has been between those in favor of a genetic explanation versus those in favor of a more environmental one. When considering environmental influences, one explanation has been that there could be differential effects due to the assessor. Although there have been several studies that have considered this possibility, the results are inconclusive. The current study attempted to tease apart the assessor effects by focusing on biases in the assessor alone and by eliminating effects from the test taker. The study is an experimental design where participants were randomly assigned a WISC-III protocol of members of different ethnic groups. It was hypothesized that different groups may score these IQ tests differentially depending on the race/ethnicity of the person who was assessed. Results showed that when given identical protocols, participants scored African American protocols lower than Caucasian American protocols in both high and average IQ conditions. Clinical implications of these results are discussed.
Collaborative study on the isolation of salmonella from artificially contaminated milk powder

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

B eckers , H.J., van L eusden , F.M., R oberts , D., P ietzsch , O., P rice , T.H., van S chothorst , M., T ips , P.D., V assiliadis , P. & K ampelmacher , E.M. 1985. Collaborative study on the isolation of salmonella from artificially contaminated milk powder. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 59 , 35–40. The suitability of artificially contaminated milk powder as a substrate for salmonella reference samples and its stability under different storage conditions were studied. The need for a reconstitution step in the standard isolation method for salmonellas from milk powders was also investigated. When milk powder was examined in this way with a reconstitution step, differences in laboratory methods and/or storage times had no significant effect on the results after storage at 4d̀C. With powder stored at room temperature there was a systematic decrease in the number of samples positive as the storage time increased. It is concluded therefore that milk powder contaminated with salmonellas should be stored at 4d̀C. Examination of such milk powder with a reconstitution step yielded better results than without it and this step is therefore necessary for improving the reproducibility of the method. No significant differences were encountered between the standard isolation method and that used in the authors' laboratories. The results of this study indicate that milk powder is suitable as basic material for reference samples and that a reconstitution step should be included in the standard salmonella isolation procedure.
Digital Precision Measuring of Spiral Bevel Gear Based on CAD/CAM/CMM

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Precision measuring techniques have been developed interdependently with the techniques of design and manufacturing in the history. Computer aided inspection plays a very important role in modern manufacturing industry. On account of the CMM (Coordinates Measurement Machine) being applied widely and the precision model inspection concept coming true, it is possible to implement the digital inspection of the spiral bevel gear on the CMM. In this paper the framework of the spiral bevel gear digital inspection based on the integration of CAD/CAM/CMM is put forward. The key techniques of the scheme are investigated, which consist of exact modeling of spiral bevel gear based on manufacturing process, datum matching of CAD model and CMM inspection, CMM Inspection path planning, reconstruction of the tooth surface based on the CMM inspection results, Analysis of the deviation between the real gear tooth and CAD model, adjusting strategy of machining parameters.