jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effective Management of Ménière's and Vestibular Disorders with Photo‐Biostimulation Light Laser

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives: Laser irradiation applied inside the inner ear has been investigated to observe the therapeutic effectiveness in cochlear injury and vestibular dysfunction. The positive influence of light irradiation with low level laser therapy on the treatment of vascular disorders, ischemic arteriolar disease, activation of microcirculation, and tissue regeneration is well known and has been published by several authors from medical research groups. The aim of this study was to determine the effects and benefits for patients with Ménière's disease and other vestibulopathies who received an irradiation dose into the inner ear by using a protocol of irradiation. Methods: A laser device with double wavelength and independent light beams was used to irradiate through the ear canal with power irradiance of 90 to 300 mw/cm 2 at different dose rate according to patient symptoms. A prospective study of a group of sixty five (65) patients who were suffering peripheral vestibular disorder were treated from January 2010 to July 2011 in a random selection with no exclusions for other pathologies. Method of irradiation was direct beam over “meatus acusticus” at 1.5 cm distance of ear drum membrane. Results: Fifty patients of the 65 were considered final group control. According to American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery guideline criteria, 64% were classified as Category A on their vertigo management and 36% were Category A+B. After the treatment period, both categories confirmed that crises were shorter, less severe and with lower intensity. Conclusions: Laser irradiation has no risk for patients and can be considered both effective and an alternative therapy.
On some questions on selectively highly divergent spaces

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A topological space X is selectively highly divergent (SHD) if for every sequence of non-empty open sets { Un : n ∈ ω } of X, we can find xn ∈ Un such that the sequence {xn : n ∈ ω } has no convergent subsequences. In this note we answer two questions related to this notion asked by Jiménez-Flores, Ríos-Herrejón, Rojas-Sánchez and Tovar-Acosta.
Table S1 from Maternal effects alter the severity of inbreeding depression in the offspring

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

A maternal effect is a causal influence of the maternal phenotype on the offspring phenotype over and above any direct effects of genes. There is abundant evidence that maternal effects can have a major impact on offspring fitness. Yet, no previous study has investigated the potential role of maternal effects in influencing the severity of inbreeding depression in the offspring. Inbreeding depression is a reduction in the fitness of inbred offspring relative to outbred offspring. Here, we tested whether maternal effects due to body size alter the magnitude of inbreeding depression in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides. We found that inbreeding depression in larval survival was more severe for offspring of large females than offspring of small females. This might be due to differences in how small and large females invest in an inbred brood because of their different prospects for future breeding opportunities. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence for a causal effect of the maternal phenotype on the severity of inbreeding depression in the offspring. In natural populations that are subject to inbreeding, maternal effects may drive variation in inbreeding depression and therefore contribute to variation in the strength and direction of selection for inbreeding avoidance.
Data from Global Protease Activity Profiling Provides Differential Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cysts

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> Pancreatic cysts are estimated to be present in 2%–3% of the adult population. Unfortunately, current diagnostics do not accurately distinguish benign cysts from those that can progress into invasive cancer. Misregulated pericellular proteolysis is a hallmark of malignancy, and therefore, we used a global approach to discover protease activities that differentiate benign nonmucinous cysts from premalignant mucinous cysts.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> We employed an unbiased and global protease profiling approach to discover protease activities in 23 cyst fluid samples. The distinguishing activities of select proteases was confirmed in 110 samples using specific fluorogenic substrates and required less than 5 μL of cyst fluid.</p><p><b>Results:</b> We determined that the activities of the aspartyl proteases gastricsin and cathepsin E are highly increased in fluid from mucinous cysts. IHC analysis revealed that gastricsin expression was associated with regions of low-grade dysplasia, whereas cathepsin E expression was independent of dysplasia grade. Gastricsin activity differentiated mucinous from nonmucinous cysts with a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 93%, whereas cathepsin E activity was 92% specific and 70% sensitive. Gastricsin significantly outperformed the most widely used molecular biomarker, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), which demonstrated 94% specificity and 65% sensitivity. Combined analysis of gastricsin and CEA resulted in a near perfect classifier with 100% specificity and 98% sensitivity.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Quantitation of gastricsin and cathepsin E activities accurately distinguished mucinous from nonmucinous pancreatic cysts and has the potential to replace current diagnostics for analysis of these highly prevalent lesions. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 23(16); 4865–74. ©2017 AACR</i>.</p></div>
The flotation experiment on a certain arsenic gold ore

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The gold mineral is composed with higher arsenic.Gold is mainly wrapped in arsenopyrite and other sulfide minerals in the form of microscopic gold.Arsenopyrite and a small amount of limonite, anatase,pyrite,etc are the main metal mineral.Quartz and feldspar is the main non-metallic mineral.Index of gold grade of 21.20g/t and recovery of 93.22% was achieved on the condition of the grinding fineness of-0.074 mm 74.2%,as well as the combining collector of ammonium dibuyldithiophosphate and butylxanthate by the process of two roughing-two cleaning-one scavenging.The concentrate grade is difficult to improve because of the high concentration of sulfides.
High Accuracy Emittance Measurement By Newly Designed Portable Device

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

An emittance meter which utilizes internal standards by Au plated mirror and low temperature blackbody furnace as low and high emittance standards respectively has been developed. The obtained emittance value of which systematic error was compensated had accuracy within ±0.01 and precision within ±0.003. The long term drift of measured emittance value was also checked and confirmed to be within ±0.01 for one year continuous operation.
Perturbation theories and wave functions for calculation of electronic polarizabilities application to DNA bases

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Three different forms of perturbation theories, variational perturbation, finite perturbation and second‐order, are evaluated regarding their value for calculation of electronic polarizabilities of small and intermediate size molecules. It is concluded that with the practical constraint of a small basis set the variational perturbation method is the most promising alternative for calculation of polarizabilities. For several small molecules, our calculated polarizabilities indicate that both IEHT and ab initio wave functions give values in close agreement with each other. Variational perturbation calculations of polarizabilities with IEHT wave functions also include the DNA bases.
Reversible Iso-electric EEG In Barbiturate Coma

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor.—

Iso-electric electroencephalograms have usually been interpreted to constitute cerebral cortical death. However, a case of barbiturate overdose resulted in coma and iso-electric EEG; the EEG reverted to normal with complete recovery of the patient.

Report of a Case.—

A 69-year-old white woman was admitted to the San Antonio Community Hospital on July 18, 1969, in a comatose state. She had been despondent by the recent death of a son and could not be aroused from sleep on the morning of admission. She had received a prescription for "sleeping pills," but no bottle or suicide note was found. Respirations were labored, and the blood pressure was 90/70 mm Hg. The pupils were in midposition, unresponsive to light, and corneal reflexes were absent. Extremities were flaccid, the deep-tendon reflexes absent, and the patient did not respond to painful stimuli. A spinal tap demonstrated crystalclear fluid under normal pressure, with
Short-term Recovery - Impact Of Antioxidant Vitamins, Protein Supplement, Ibuprofen, And Ice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Short-term recovery is crucial for elite athletes in general and for sports with heats and finals particularly. Athletes are expected to recover in a short time between heats and finals, and to recover in an even shorter time between two events in one session. Different methods have been employed to enhance short-term recovery. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 4 commonly used recovery techniques and treatments on 2-min upper-body power performance, and muscle damage. Methods Division I college swimmers, 5 females (67.7 ± 5.18 Kg) and 7 males (77.27 ± 5.36 Kg), performed two sessions of modified upper-body Wingate tests with 6hrs rest between sessions. Each session consisted of two upper-body Wingate tests with 40 min rest in between with a resistance of 4% of BW for males and 3.5% of BW for females. A combination of Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Ibuprofen, 23 g protein drink, and ice packs (COMB) were tested for possible effect in enhancing recovery compared to control. Criterion for recovery were restoration of peak power (PP), mean power (MP), fatigue index (FI), heart rate (HR), and reduced muscle disruption marker Creatine Kinase levels (CK). Blood samples were obtained before first performance, six hours later (6hrs), and next morning (24hrs) for serum CK levels. Results There were no significant differences (p>.05) between COMB (2.8W/Kg) and control (2.9W/Kg) in MP. However, FI was significantly lower (p=0.000) in the COMB group (37.4%) compared to control (50.5%). PP was higher in the control group (5.0W/kg) compare to (3.8W/Kg) in COMB group. CK changes were not statistically different between COMB and control after 6 and 24 hours. Seven subjects (5m & 2f) reported to the lab on a second occasion one week later (W2) and performed the same protocol using the same methods in a counter-balanced manner. We found that MP was significantly higher in W2. In addition, MP was higher (p=.007) in the control conditions compare to the COMB conditions; there were no significant effects for the COMB on any of the other parameters in the study (PP, FI, and CK). FI was 40.4% for both COMB and control conditions. Conclusion Common recovery approaches used by swimmers were not helpful in protecting from reductions in performance, since FI was not verified in the repeated measures. The assumed protective effect of antioxidant vitamins and ibuprofen were not seen under the conditions of this study.
Australian doctors and the visual arts. Part 1. Doctor-artists in New South Wales.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Since Europeans first settled in Australia their doctors have been interested in the visual arts. Some have been hobby painters and sculptors, a few with great distinction. Some have been gallery supporters and administrators. A few have written art books. Some have been outstanding photographers. Of the larger number of doctors who have collected art, only those are mentioned who have made their collections public or have made important donations to galleries. The subject of Australian doctors and the visual arts will be discussed in six articles in this and following issues of the journal. The first deals with doctor-artists in New South Wales.
Extension-Supported School-Age Care Programs Benefit Youth.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Since 1988, the Cooperative Extension Service has devoted significant resources to helping improve the quality of school-age care programs. This study was conducted to determine if Extension-supported school-age care programs benefited youth. The quasi-experimental design involved three North Carolina schools: K-2, K-8, and middle school. The results were mixed. Principals, teachers, and parents indicated few significant changes in the behavior of youth involved in the school-age care programs. However, school-age care staff indicated several academic and social behavioral changes in the youth. Recommendations include more work to design specific evaluation instruments for specific respondents, only involve respondents who have significant interaction with the youth, and a longitudinal study longer than one year. With GPRA (Government Performance Results Act, 1993) standards mandated by Congress, it is imperative that Extension identify school-age care program impacts that can be measured to justify the resources devoted to this important program.
Elementary science gifted students’ perceptions of inquiry classes in view of metacognitive function

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

본 연구는 국립대학 부설 과학 영재교육원 소속 초등 과학 영재 46명을 대상으로 메타인지를 강조한 과학 탐구 수업을 실시했을 때 수업에 대한 학생들의 인식을 조사하였다. 과학 탐구 수업은 한 주제 당 6차시로 실시하여, 총 8개의 주제로 구성되었다. 각 주제의 활동은 맛보기, 탐구하기, 도전하기, 정리하기 단계로 구성되었다. 도전하기 단계는 메타인지 기능 중 계획, 모니터, 조절 기능을 발휘하도록 구성하였으며, 정리 단계는 메타인지 기능 중 평가의 기능을 경험하도록 구성하였다. 이 수업을 통해 거의 모든 학생들은 메타인지 기능인 계획, 모니터, 조절, 평가 능력이 향상되었다고 응답하였다. 그리고 탐구 계획과 점검을 요구하는 활동 형식, 도전 과제 수행에 필요한 기본적인 지식과 탐구 기능을 학습한 후 도전 과제를 해결하게 하는 수업 전략, 교수자의 적절한 피드백 등은 학생들의 메타인지 기능 향상에 영향 줄 가능성을 확인하였다. 메타인지 기능은 합리적인 문제 파악, 효과적인 문제 해결을 가능하게 하기 때문에 과학 영재 수업에 메타인지 전략을 도입할 경우 학생들의 탐구 능력, 문제 해결 능력 등의 향상에 도움을 받을 수 있을 것이다.
Economic changes and afforestation incentives in rural China

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This paper uses provincial macro-data from the mid 1980s onwards to investigate the determinants of land-use choice in rural China, by paying particular attention to the decision to plant trees as competing with agriculture. The evidence supports the importance of economic motivations in the afforestation decision. A profit-seeking behavior is found to be at stake in the decision to plant trees, which is made according to both the relative profitability of forestry against agriculture, and their relative risks. Afforestation is also found to strongly depend on the pressure upon land as well as on household wealth.
Cancer Drug-Resistance and a Look at Specific Proteins: Rho GDP-Dissociation Inhibitor 2, Y-Box Binding Protein 1, and HSP70/90 Organizing Protein in Proteomics Clinical Application

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Resistance to anti-cancer drugs is a well recognized problem and very often it is responsible for failure of the cancer treatment. In this study, the proteome alterations associated with the development of acquired resistance to cyclin-depedent kinases inhibitor bohemine, a promising anti-cancer drug, were analyzed with the primary aim of identifying potential targets of resistance within the cell that could pave a way to selective elimination of specific resistant cell types. A model of parental susceptible CEM T-lymphoblastic leukemia cells and its resistant counterpart CEM-BOH was used and advanced 2-D liquid chromatography was applied to fractionate cellular proteins. Differentially expressed identified proteins were further verified using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Our study has revealed that Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 2, Y-box binding protein 1, and the HSP70/90 organizing protein have a critical role to play in resistance to cyclin-depedent kinases inhibitor. The results indicated not only that quantitative protein changes play an important role in drug-resistance, but also that there are various other parameters such as truncation, post-translational modification(s), and subcellular localization of selected proteins. Furthermore, these proteins were validated for their roles in drug resistance using different cell lines resistant to diverse representatives of anti-cancer drugs such as vincristine and daunorubicin.
Exploiting the downhill folding regime via experiment

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Traditionally, folding experiments have been directed at determining equilibrium and relaxation rate constants of proteins that fold with two-state-like kinetics. More recently, the combination of free energy surface approaches inspired by theory with the discovery of proteins that fold in the downhill regime has greatly widened the battlefield for experimentalists. Downhill folding proteins cross very small or no free energy barrier at all so that all relevant partially folded conformations become experimentally accessible. From these combined efforts we now have tools to estimate the height of thermodynamic and kinetic folding barriers. Procedures to measure with atomic resolution the structural heterogeneity of conformational ensembles at varying unfolding degrees are also available. Moreover, determining the dynamic modes driving folding and how they change as folding proceeds is finally at our fingertips. These developments allow us to address via experiment fundamental questions such as the origin of folding cooperativity, the relationship between structure and stability, or how to engineer folding barriers. Moreover, the level of detail attained in this new breed of experiments should provide powerful benchmarks for computer simulations of folding and force-field refinement.
The Effect Of Female Executives On Earnings Management:Evidence From Indonesia

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the gender of the firm’s executives (chief executive officers and/ or chief financial officers) has a significant impact on the firm’s earnings management. Modified Dechow and Dichev model is used to measure discretionary accruals as the proxy of earnings management. This paper uses multiple regressions to test the relationship between female executive and earnings management. The paper represents evidence that there is no significant relationship between female executives (chief executive officers and/ or chief financial officers) and discretionary accruals as the proxy of earnings management. Furthermore, the paper’s evidence has implications for investors and firms. Since there is no significant relationship between female executive and earnings management, investors should not be hesitant of making investment in companies with female executive.
Knowledge of cochlear implants in Federal District Audiologists, Speech-Language Pathologists, and Otolaryngologists

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract:PURPOSE:to describe the self-assessment of Otolaryngologists, Audiologists, and Speech-Language Pathologists from the Federal District on their knowledge concerning cochlear implants.METHODS:cross-sectional and analytical study with data collection obtained by applying online questionnaires.73 Audiologists and Speech-Language Pathologists, and 33 Otolaryngologists participated in the study. They answered questions regarding their knowledge of Cochlear Implants in Brasília - Federal District, Brazil.RESULTS:31% (n=22) of the Audiologists and Speech-Language Pathologists believe they have sufficient knowledge regarding the surgical procedure, whereas in the group of otolaryngologists, the figure was 59.4% (n = 19). Statistical significance between groups is observed (p <0.01). Both groups showed poor knowledge regarding implant types, mappings, activation, monitoring, and maintenance costs and cochlear implantation performed by the SUS (Brazilian Unified Health System).CONCLUSION:Otolaryngologists, Audiologists, and Speech-Language Pathologists surveyed, who work in the Federal District, did not show satisfactory knowledge of the cochlear implant in the overall analysis of the areas surveyed.
Emerging Approaches in Glioblastoma Treatment: Modulating the Extracellular Matrix Through Nanotechnology

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Glioblastoma’s (GB) complex tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes its progression and resistance to therapy. A critical component of TME is the extracellular matrix (ECM), which plays a pivotal role in promoting the tumor’s invasive behavior and aggressiveness. Nanotechnology holds significant promise for GB treatment, with the potential to address challenges posed by both the blood-brain barrier and the GB ECM. By enabling targeted delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents, nanotechnology offers the prospect of improving treatment efficacy and diagnostic accuracy at the tumor site. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of GB, including its epidemiology, classification, and current treatment strategies, alongside the intricacies of its TME. It highlights nanotechnology-based strategies, focusing on nanoparticle formulations such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and gold nanoparticles, which have shown promise in GB therapy. Furthermore, it explores how different emerging nanotechnology strategies modulate the ECM to overcome the challenges posed by its high density, which restricts drug distribution within GB tumors. By emphasizing the intersection of nanotechnology and GB ECM, this review underscores an innovative approach to advancing GB treatment. It addresses the limitations of current therapies, identifies new research avenues, and emphasizes the potential of nanotechnology to improve patient outcomes.
Abstract 2016: Levosimendan Infusion in Patients with Myocardial Infarction and High Systemic Vascular Resistance

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Levosimendan, a novel inodilator, has been shown to improve hemodynamic function in patients with decompensated heart failure with preserved arterial blood pressure. Data on its use in patients with cardiogenic shock are scarce. The present series describes the 24-h hemodynamic effects of levosimendan as add-on therapy in patients with cardiogenic shock. Methods: Levosimendan was administered for 24 hours (dose ranging from 0.05 to 0.2μg/kg/min), in addition to catecholamines, in 25 patients who suffered from cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction. Hemodynamic measurements were performed at baseline (prior to levosimendan infusion) and at 24 hours after initiation of levosimendan. Results: Hemodynamic improvement was evident only in patients (Group 1, n=13) with increased systematic vascular resistance (SVR>18Wood). Levosimendan administration increased the cardiac index ( 2.1±0.4 l/min/m2 from 1.5±0.3l/min/m2, p=0.002) and cardiac power (0.645±0.179W from 0.462±0.164W, p=0.022) and decreased SVR (21±6.7Wood from 23±5Wood, p=0.001) and pulmonary cappillary wedge pressure (16±11mmHg from 23±5mmHg, p=0.059). On the other hand, patients with low systemic vascular resistance (SVR<19Wood)) (Group B, n=12 ) did not have hemodynamic improvement with levosimendan administration. Conclusions: Levosimendan infusion added to catecholamines in patients with cardiogenic shock after myocardial infarction exerts hemodynamic benefit only in the subgroup of patients with high SVR.