jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Materials and Methods in Native American and Indigenous Studies: Completing the Turn

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Nearly two centuries ago, Native scholars and activists published calls for histories of their people that emphasized their humanity and agency and engaged Indigenous intellectual traditions. Renewing and extending their calls, this William and Mary Quarterly and Early American Literature joint Forum challenges early American studies to embrace the materials and methods of Native American and Indigenous Studies (NAIS). In the Forum introduction, we note that in more recent decades the New Indian History and early Native literary studies rearticulated calls for this turn; however, our assessment of the field demonstrates that we have yet to realize fully its potential. Foregrounding Native people as enduring agents, rather than representations, and centering Native peoples' and nations' intellectual, literary, and material histories requires sustained structural shifts in our field. Scholars working to complete early American studies' turn to NAIS, including the seven authors featured in this Forum, are generating new approaches to the field's established archives, periodizations, and geographic boundaries, along with expanded understandings of evidence and genre. We conclude by anticipating consequent institutional changes, from innovations in graduate training to exchanges with NAIS scholars and a reevaluation of terms central to our field, from colonial to history and literature.
Down with Bridewealth, Down with the Veil! Soviet Campaign for the Emancipation of Women in Central Asia in Graphics and Textiles between the 1920s and 1930s

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Varied visuals (paper-based, textiles, ceramics, etc.) targeted men and women to join the struggle for a new happy life in Soviet Central Asia. I designate these visuals as “Soviet material ideology” and I consider them as a powerful tool in spreading new ideas and practices. In this paper I explore posters and carpets created in the 1920s and 1930s that call for the emancipation of women of Central Asia. Studying of graphic and textile iconography helps to understand how the image of a woman of the “Soviet East” was reproduced and which ideas about women’s emancipation were promoted. The analysis of Soviet visuals, which were a part of everyday life, explores a multidimensional picture of Soviet history and reveals the links between tradition and modernity, national and supranational, top-down and bottom-up narratives. Finally, textiles and graphics reflect Soviet trends pertaining to gender roles in the 1920–1930s. The paper is based on posters from the collection of the department of the Russian State Library and the Mardjani Foundation. It also relies on the examination of carpets from the Museum of Fine Arts of Turkmenistan, the State Museum of Oriental Art, the Russian Museum of Ethnography, the All-Russian Museum of Decorative and Applied Art and private collections.
AN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-BASED CHAT-BOT SYSTEM USING NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING: A STUDY

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Chatbots have become a prominent means of interacting with software systems. As the demand for maintainable and scalable systems grows, there needs to be more understanding of the necessary technologies. This is evident in the scattered literature on the topic, the popularity of oversimplified building tools, and the prevalence of below conversational agents. There is a pressing need to bridge the gap between theory and practice, enabling software developers to build robust and maintainable informal systems. This paper studies the underlying techniques and technologies involved in chatbot development. To achieve this, a case study, complete with source code, is presented to explore and understand the intricacies underlying user input comprehension. A literature review that sets the context for a detailed examination of the technologies within a real-life example precedes the study. Contrary to popular belief, developing this artificial intelligence is simple enough. A modern chatbot relies on various components to achieve scalability and performance. Fortunately, many of these technologies are relatively straightforward to understand and debug for technical professionals. The chatbot processes the input text through Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques and assigns it to a predefined intent using a classifier. We then employed another classifier to determine the appropriate actions, which may involve providing a response or executing custom software. Understanding this pipeline can prevent technical overhead when troubleshooting issues arising from a seemingly opaque black box. The insights gained from this study will be valuable for advancing chatbot technology, allowing developers to create more sophisticated and reliable conversational agents. By demystifying the processes involved, this paper seeks to empower software developers to confidently build chatbots, contributing to improving the chatbot landscape as a whole.
Economic optimization of fresh logistics pick-up routing problems with time windows based on gray prediction

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The rapid development of modern cold chain logistics technology has greatly expanded the sales market of agricultural products in rural areas. However, due to the uncertainty of agricultural product harvesting, relying on the experience values provided by farmers for vehicle scheduling can easily lead to low utilization of vehicle capacity during the pickup process and generate more transportation cost. Therefore, this article adopts a non-linear improved grey prediction method based on data transformation to estimate the pickup demand of fresh agricultural products, and then establishes a mathematical model that considers the fixed vehicle usage cost, the damage cost caused by non-linear fresh fruit and vegetable transportation damage and decay rate, the cooling cost generated by refrigerated transportation, and the time window penalty cost. In order to solve the model, a hybrid simulated annealing algorithm integrating genetic operators was designed to solve this problem. This hybrid algorithm combines local search strategies such as the selection operator without repeated strings and the crossover operator that preserves the best substring to improve the algorithm’s solving performance. Numerical experiments were conducted through a set of benchmark examples, and the results showed that the proposed algorithm can adapt to problem instances of different scales. In 50 customer examples, the difference between the algorithm and the standard value in this paper is 2.30%, which is 7.29% higher than C&S. Finally, the effectiveness of the grey prediction freight path optimization model was verified through a practical case simulation analysis, achieving a logistics cost savings of 9.73%.
Warning systems design in a glass cockpit environment

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In Sweden close to 500 people are killed and several thousands severely injured in traffic each year. This is one of the largest health problems for society in both Sweden and the whole world. In the cars of tomorrow will the main instrument panel and the centre console be screen-based instead of the current solution with “iron instruments” and other physical devices. This future driver environment opens for a flexible and situation-dependent usage of presentation resources. The purpose of this thesis is to explore these possibilities from a warning system perspective. The project had its main focus on designing warning system concepts using the HUD and vibrotactile information in a coordinated way based on established HMI principles. Another goal for this thesis work was to generate a functional concept for demonstration and evaluation in the virtual reality lab at the University of Linköping. The method of realization was divided into three phases – information gathering, concept generation and implementation. These phases are commonly used in design projects. This way of work supplies structure to the project and makes it possible to achieve an iterative design process. The information gathering involved a thorough theoretical study of HMI, interface design and warning design. A state of the art investigation was then conducted to find out how the warning systems, relevant to this thesis, are presented today. The concept generation was divided into two parts – warning system design and visual design. The Warning system design concepts were based on different combinations from a morphologic matrix and relevant theory. Consideration was also taken to when the systems are likely to be activated and which modality, or modalities, that then was suitable to use. The visual design concepts were developed by using creative product development methods and the iterative Simulator-Based Design (SBD) theory. After concluding the concept generation was the visual design results given functionality by programming software. The visual warning system were then integrated in the simulator software and fully implemented in the simulator cockpit at the university. The implemented warning systems were then evaluated by a pilot study conducted in the simulator. Test persons were invited to the VR-lab and given an introduction to the warning systems. They were then asked to drive a predetermined route with a number of different warning system conditions. These test results were later statistically analyzed and evaluated.
Coffee Commodity Development

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This research discusses the Development of Coffee Commodities as an Effort to Accelerate Diversification of Food Consumption Based on Local Resources in Central Aceh Regency. This research aims to analyze the development of coffee commodities as an effort to accelerate the diversification of local resource-based food consumption in Central Aceh Regency. Central Aceh Regency has great potential in coffee production, but the limited diversification of local food consumption is one of the problems that need to be overcome. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach to collect data from various sources, such as field surveys, interviews, and documentation of data analysis used in this research primary and secondary data. Based on the results of the study it was found that: The development of coffee commodities as an effort to accelerate the diversification of local resource-based food consumption in Central Aceh District has great potential. By utilizing the favorable geographical conditions and diversity of coffee varieties, high quality coffee can be produced which is one of the alternatives for local food consumption. However, challenges such as lack of market access, lack of promotion, limited infrastructure, as well as climate change and pest attacks, need to be addressed through collaborative efforts between coffee farmers, local government, and other stakeholders
The status and distribution of freshwater biodiversity in the Eastern Mediterranean

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

about iuCnIUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature, helps the world find pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment and development challenges.IUCN's work focuses on valuing and conserving nature, ensuring effective and equitable governance of its use, and deploying nature-based solutions to global challenges in climate, food and development.IUCN supports scientific research, manages field projects all over the world, and brings governments, NGOs, the UN and companies together to develop policy, laws and best practice.IUCN is the world's oldest and largest global environmental organization, with more than 1,200 government and NGO Members and almost 11,000 volunteer experts in some 160 countries.IUCN's work is supported by over 1,000 staff in 45 offices and hundreds of partners in public, NGO and private sectors around the world.www.iucn.
Successful Management of Online Game Development

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

本論文の目的は、工業製品とは異なる製品特性を持っているオンラインコンテンツ、その中でも特にオンラインゲームの成功した製品開発組戦の管理に対する探索的研究である。ここではJCEの「FreeStyle」というオンラインゲームを分析対象として取り上げ、成功した製品開発組職管理について分析し、仮説を導出した。本研究を通じて、成功した開発には、CEOの開発プロジェクト管理方式の重要な変化があったことと開発チーム内の強い統合力が存在していたことが発見された。CEOは直接的な管理ではなく、look&check方式を取り入れてプロジェクト進捗を管理する方法を取った。また失敗したゲーム開発チームを全面解散せずに、コア開発者はチーム内に残留させて、失敗ノウハウを開発チーム内で共有し再利用できるようにした。このような過程を通じて開発チームは、メンバー間の強い連帯感と内部統合力を維持することができた。この分析結果から本研究は、オンラインゲームのような創造的産業において経営者の間接的開発チーム管理方式、開発チーム内の強い統合力と開発成果は正の関係を持つという仮説を提示した。
Electrically conductive synthetic vocal fold replicas for voice production research

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

A method of fabricating electrically conductive synthetic vocal fold replicas and monitoring their vibration via resistance measurement is presented. Normally non-conductive silicone replicas were coated with conductive graphite and subjected to long-term vibration tests. Synchronized resistance and imaging data using hemilarynx and full larynx configurations showed an inverse correlation between replica contact area and resistance during vibration, similar to clinical electroglottography (EGG) used to estimate vocal fold contact area. This method has potential for long-term replica vibration monitoring and studying basic physical relationships between resistance and contact area in vocal folds and vocal fold replicas.
Printing nanoparticles from the liquid and gas phases using nanoxerography

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper reports on the directed self-assembly of nanoparticles onto charged surface areas with a resolution of 200 nm from the liquid phase and 100 nm from the gas phase. The charged areas required for this type of nanoxerographic printing were fabricated using a parallel method that employs a flexible, electrically conductive, electrode to charge a thin-film electret. As electrodes, we used metal-coated polymeric stamps and 10 µm thick doped silicon wafers carrying a pattern in topography. Each electrode was brought in contact with a thin-film electret on an n-doped silicon substrate. The charge pattern was transferred into the thin-film electret by applying a voltage pulse between the conductive electrode and the silicon substrate. Areas as large as 1 cm2 were patterned with charge with 100 nm scale resolution in 10 s. These charge patterns attract nanoparticles. A liquid-phase assembly process where electrostatic forces compete with disordering forces due to ultrasonication has been developed to assemble nanoparticles onto charged based receptors in 10 s from a liquid suspension. A gas-phase assembly process was developed that uses a transparent particle assembly module to direct particles towards the charged surface while monitoring the total charge of assembled particles. Nanoparticles were generated using a tube furnace by evaporation and condensation at the outlet. The electrostatically directed assembly of 10–100 nm sized metal (gold, silver) and 30 nm sized carbon particles was accomplished with a resolution 500–1000 times greater than the resolution of existing xerographic printers.
Editor's Choice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Feasibility study for a randomized controlled trial of standard closure of stoma site vs biological mesh reinforcement. On behalf of the Reinforcement of Closure of Stoma Site (ROCSS) Collaborative and the West Midlands Research Collaborative. 1 I have enjoyed reading the feasibility study from the ROCCS trial (‘randomised controlled trial of standard closure of stoma site vs biologic mesh reinforcement’). Although the results are interesting, these are not the best part of the paper. It is above all an inspiring example of how surgical research can be, and should be performed. All involved in multicenter trials know the difficulty of fulfilling predicted accrual rates. Disturbing reports are emerging demonstrating that up to 50% of initiated trials is stopped prematurely, most often due to disappointing recruitment 2. The majority of studies that have been published took much longer than anticipated, and include only a fraction of eligible patients. This results in questionable outcomes with reduced validity and limited generalizability. The current feasibility study, led by a trainee research group, evaluated recruitment, percentage of eligible patients randomized, and safety of the surgical technique for mesh placement in different hospitals, before continuation to the main phase III trial. It was demonstrated that actual accrual rates exceeded anticipated rates. Within 12 months, > 90 patients were randomized in five centers (87% of eligible patients), and short-term results demonstrated safe incorporation of a biologic mesh into contaminated abdominal wound closure. This report shows that ‘IDEAL’ preparation and good research infrastructure can improve trial delivery. It also emphasizes the value of engaging trainee research networks, facilitating recruitment and assuring rapid site set up. The successful model has been embraced by various European centers, leading to a multi-country phase III trial, recruiting 790 patients from 30 centers within 2,5 years! Hopefully, this inspiring initiative will lead to a culture of international surgical research practice.
Cancelled check from J. H. Woodward, Birmingham, Alabama, to Birmingham Ice Factory Company, June 30, 1914

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

A document from an extensive collection spanning four generations of the Woodward family that operated merchant pig iron companies in West Virginia and Alabama. The collection begins with Stimpson Harvey Woodward (S. H. Woodward), a native of Massachusetts, who moved from Pittsburgh to Wheeling, West Virginia in 1852. He had interests in an iron company as early as 1852 in West Virginia and began Alabama operations in 1869. The family business continued in Alabama until the death of S. H. Woodward's great-grandson in 1965.
STUDY OF THE SALIVA AND URINE METABOLOME IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH PERIODONTAL DISEASE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Rationale: Metabolome represents the collection of low molecular weight compounds that originate from metabolic pathways of the body, drugs, and microorganisms in the oral cavity. Objectives: The aim of study was to evaluate the biofluid metabolome of kidney transplant recipients and their possible association with periodontitis. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, analytical, and descriptive study involving 61 patients, who visited the Dental School of Paulist University. The patients were arranged in four groups: GT: kidney transplant recipients without periodontal disease (n = 11); GTDP: kidney transplant recipients with periodontal disease (n = 12); CG: normal renal function without periodontal disease (n = 19); GCDP: normal renal function with periodontal disease (n = 19). Saliva and urine samples were collected for further metabolomic analysis. Statistical analyses were performed using the principal component analysis (PCA), Venn diagram, Jaccard index, and Permanova. Results: The study identified 23 and 30 metabolites common to the GT and GTDP groups when the saliva and urine samples were analyzed, respectively; the benzene class and its derivatives were overexpressed. Metabolites expressed in groups with periodontal disease were related to bacterial metabolism and anaerobic cell respiration. The most important metabolite for determining the pattern of PCA performed in saliva and urine samples was ornithine and palmitoleic acid, respectively. Conclusions: There was no significant difference between the salivary and urinary metabolites when compared among the four groups; however, it was possible to differentiate the specific metabolites for each group and the relationships between them. Metabolites shared in salivary samples of patients with periodontal disease are related to fermentation process and bacterial metabolism, suggesting that they are potential indicators for periodontal injury.
Evolution of the AT-rich mitochondrial DNA of the root knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Mitochondrial DNA of the root knot nematode Meloidogyne hapla was investigated for intraspecific diversity and divergence from other parthenogenetic root knot nematodes. A 1,900-bp fragment containing COII, tRNAHis, 16S rRNA, ND3 and Cyt b genes has been cloned and sequenced from one individual and an 1,188-bp region within this region was sequenced from four other Australian isolates. M. hapla mtDNA is more than 80% AT-rich, like other Meloidogyne spp. Nucleotide diversity within M. hapla is some 10-fold higher than across three other parthenogenetic species of root-knot nematode (M. arenaria, M. javanica, and M. incognita), implying an earlier origin for M. hapla. Nucleotide divergence between M. hapla and its congener M. javanica is as great as that between Ascaris suum and Caenorhabditis elegans, members of different nematode subclasses, while amino acid sequence difference between Meloidogyne is more than twice as great. This is interpreted as an AT-bias-induced acceleration of the amino acid substitution rate, over and above saturation of nucleotide divergence in the strongly AT-biased DNA, on three lines of evidence: (1) in conserved blocks in 16S rDNA congeneric Meloidogyne have no more differences than between A. suum and C. elegans; (2) the Meloidogyne lineage has more amino acid changes relative to the Ascaris/Caenorhabditis lineage with respect to four of five outgroups, the exceptional outgroup being the only species (Apis) as AT-rich as Meloidogyne; and (3) between the two Meloidogyne there are more first and second but fewer third codon position changes than between the other nematode species. M. hapla is also found to contain a 102-bp tandem repeat of at least 40 copies; a size, arrangement, and position the same as in M. javanica, but sequence comparisons did not demonstrate homology between the two repeats.
A Senegal Village Water Supply Project

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT T his P roject D escribes a rural water supply project in Senegal, West Africa, carried out in phases by Balfours, during the period 1983‐88. The first phase was a study, followed by detailed survey, construction works and borehole drilling. The scheme was financed by a $6 million grant from the Overseas Development Administration (ODA). British equipment such as the vehicles, pumps, elevated sectional steel water towers, pipes and fittings, were purchased and shipped to Senegal by the Crown Aents. Balfours designed, specified, and supervised the construction of water supply systems in 18 villages in Senegal comprising deep boreholes, pumping plant, elevated sectional steel water towers, and limited piped distribution systems. In order to ensure a full understanding of the project by the people it was to serve, and because major international contractors were unwilling to bid for a project which was scattered across a large area of Senegal, the work was carried out by direct labour, much of which was recruited in the villages in which the works were located. About 85000 people and 250000 cattle and sheep were provided with safe, reliable supplies of clean drinking water, as a result of the project.