jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Stretchable, Skin-Breathable, and Ultrasensitive Respiration Sensor Using Graphite on Paper With Smart Structures

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Healthy sleep is an important indicator of good physical and mental health. The current technology employed for monitoring sleep quality is typically expensive and invasive, which demands innovations in respiration monitoring. In addition, recent effort in developing wearable respiration sensors has faced great challenges in concurrently obtaining low cost, high stretchability, and high sensitivity. Herein, we demonstrate a simple fabrication strategy to construct low-cost, stretchable, skin-breathable and ultrasensitive respiration sensors using pencil drawing, electrode pasting, and laser cutting methods. With smart designs, the sensors exhibited high sensitivity, good stability, decent skin-breathability and capability to detect respiration rate and depth in real-time. The sensors fabricated by the simple low-cost method in this study can be utilized to measure sleep quality, providing warning signals for apnea and sleep disorders. The proposed technology holds promise for developing cost-effective wearable ultrasensitive sensors for sleep quality monitoring.
The dependence on excitation energy of the D-mode in graphite and carbon nanotubes

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The excitation-energy dependence of the D-mode in graphite is known to originate from a double-resonance Raman process. The same process can occur in the electronic band structure of carbon nanotubes as well. The corresponding calculated D-mode shift is shown explicitely for an individual (11, 11) armchair tube. It amounts to 56 cm−1/eV and depends on the γ0 value chosen. The D-mode peak in the nanotube is seven times narrower than in graphite as agrees with experiment.
Topical Application of Tenshino-Softgel&lt;sup&gt;TM&lt;/sup&gt; Reduces Epidermal Nerve Fiber Density in a Chronic Dry Skin Model Mouse

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Dry skin induces antihistamine-resistant itch, as well as epidermal hyperinnervation, which is partly responsible for peripheral itch sensitization. In acute dry skin, topical application of emollients prevents the penetration of nerve fibers into the epidermis. However, the effects of emollients on itch and epidermal hyperinnervation in individuals with chronic dry skin are poorly understood. Objective: This study examined the effects of Tenshino-softgelTM (TSG) on itch-related behavior, epidermal hyperinnervation and skin barrier function in a chronic dry skin model mouse. Methods: Chronic dry skin was induced by application of acetone/ether (1:1) mixture and water (AEW) to the rostral parts of the back of hairless mice twice daily for six consecutive days. As treatment, TSG or, as control, Vaseline (V) was applied to the same areas twice daily. Skin barrier function was evaluated by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL) before each treatment. Scratching behavior was recorded and analyzed using a SCLABA®-real system, and skin samples were collected for immunohistochemical assays. Results: TEWL tended to be lower and scratching bouts fewer in AEW + TSG- than in AEW-treated mice. The numbers of protein gene product 9.5-immunoreactive fibers and substance P-immunoreactive fibers were each significantly lower in the epidermis of AEW + TSG- than of AEW-treated mice, but the expression of nerve growth factor in epidermis was similar in the three groups. Semaphorin 3A expression was significantly higher in the epidermis of AEW + TSG- than of AEW- and AEW + V-treated mice. Conclusion: Topical application of TSG may attenuate itch induced by chronic dry skin through a mechanism involving the inhibition of epidermal hyperinnervation.
Novel Wideband Microstrip Filtering Power Divider Using Multiple Resistors for Port Isolation

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a novel wideband filtering power divider with third-order quasi-Elliptic bandpass response is proposed. Its physical mechanism is revealed by the lumped-element equivalent circuit, such as how its transmission poles and zeros are formed. The design of the proposed filtering power divider can be simplified as its even-mode model can be synthesized by conventional filter synthesis technique, and then the initial structure parameters can be analytically determined. Owing to the fact that as many as three resistors are joined, high isolation can be achieved between two output ports. To demonstrate its good performance, an example was designed, fabricated, and measured, whose center frequency is 1.99 GHz and 3-dB fractional bandwidth is 43.7%. Moreover, as great as 34 and 28 dB out-of-band suppression can be achieved in the lower and upper stopbands, respectively. The isolation between two output ports is better than 20 dB for a wide frequency range.
Giant Complicated Hydatid Cyst Of The Liver And Occult Duodenal Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

We present an original article about an interesting and challenging case: a patient with abdominal discomfort, dyspepsia due to a giant hydatid cyst of the liver causing obstruction of upper digestive canal, reduction of hepatic function, hepatomegaly and hiding an occult duodenal adenocarcinoma marked by a very fast evolution.
Mirror, mirror on the wall, the dosing queue can cause harm too

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Pharmacists are small business owners. The bulk of their income which pays for staff salaries and business overheads comes from patients who fill prescriptions and make over the counter purchases. Some pharmacists also elect to dispense Methadone.This paper presents a brief overview of the potentially negative effects of dispensing Methadone from the point of view of the pharmacist as small business operator and employers; and also from the point of view of the consumer.Community pharmacists were asked to complete a questionnaire about their experiences in prescribing Methadone.
Production reactor process tube film composition and radionuclide inventory studies. Status report

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The discharge of radioactivity from Hanford production reactors to the Columbia River has been studied for a number of years. The primary purposes of these studied have been to learn of the factors influencing production reactor effluent radioactivity concentrations and to develop methods for lowering the discharge concentrations of these radionuclides. In 1962 the Coolant Systems Development Operation (CSDO) began work on this program to determine the in-reactor film compositions and the inventory of radionuclides held in these films with the long-term objective of learning more about the complex in-reactor retention reactions that influence radionuclide effluent concentrations.
CSD 1779016: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

An entry from the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database, the world’s repository for inorganic crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the joint CCDC and FIZ Karlsruhe Access Structures service and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
THE STUDY OF ELECTRIC-LIGHTING ENERGY-SAVING CONTROL SYSTEN

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

The paper presents the design of a electric power automatic controlsystem on the basis of analysis of waste of electric power phenomena.Thesystem can effectively overcome the waste of power due to inefficient super-vison and other unpredictable reasons.The paper presents the system com-position,circuit design,working principle and selection of components. The system can effectively restrict the use of large power electric applian-ces and the waste of electric lighting in enterprises,colleges and departments.The system features low cost and is suitable for wide populavization.
Pore structure and fractal characteristics of tight sandstone in meandering stream facies: a case study of the J2s2 member in the central Sichuan Basin, China

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Based on porosity and permeability tests, high-pressure mercury injection (HPMI), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and centrifugal experiments, this study comprehensively analyzed the quality, pore structure and fractal characteristics of tight sandstone reservoir in meandering stream facies. The purpose is to reveal the relationship between physical properties, geometry and topological parameters of pores, fluid mobility and heterogeneity of pore system of tight sandstone reservoirs in meandering stream facies. The results show that the second member of the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation (J 2 S 2 ) in the central Sichuan Basin has developed tight sandstone reservoir of meandering fluvial facies, the pore radius of type I reservoir (K&gt;0.3 mD) is mainly distributed at 0.01 μm∼2 μm, the tortuosity ranges between 2.571 and 2.869, and the average movable fluid saturation is 70.12%. The pore radius of type II reservoir (0.08mD&lt;K&lt;0.3 mD) is mainly 0.003 μm∼1 μm, the tortuosity ranges between 2.401 and 3.224, the average movable fluid saturation is 57.59%. The pore radius of type III reservoir (K&lt;0.08 mD) is mainly 0.001 μm∼0.4 μm, the tortuosity ranges between 0.905 and 2.195, and the average movable fluid saturation is 13.46%. Capillary-Paraachor point (CP point) and T2 cut-off value (T 2cutoff ) are used to divide the fractal interval of capillary pressure curve and T 2 spectrum. The fractal dimension D h2 of small pores calculated by HPMI through 3D capillary tube model, the fractal dimension D n1 of large pores and D n2 of small pores calculated by NMR through wetting phase model can effectively characterize the heterogeneity of reservoir pores. Among them, D n1 has a strong negative correlation with porosity, permeability, pore radius and movable fluid saturation, indicating that the reservoir capacity, seepage capacity and pore size are mainly controlled by large pores, therefore, D n1 can be used as an effective reservoir evaluation parameter.
Effects of 5-Fluorouracil on the Thiamin Status of Adult Female Rats

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The effect of 5-fluorouracil on the thiamin status of normal female adult rats has been investigated. Pre-treatment of the animals with the cytotoxic drug daily for 3 successive days resulted in a significant decrease in hepatic concentrations of thiamin concomitant with a decrease in thiamin-dependent transketolase enzyme activity and an increase in thiamin-pyrophosphate-(TPP-)stimulating effect in whole blood when compared with those of pair-fed control animals. The TPP effect of transketolase enzyme activity was also increased by 5-fluorouracil in vitro. Furthermore, the treatment with 5-fluorouracil resulted in decreased liver and spleen concentrations without affecting the urinary excretory levels of thiamin in animals supplemented with large doses of the vitamin. Giving a dose comparable to a human therapeutic dose caused a similar increase in the TPP effect. These results indicate that treatment with 5-fluorouracil may be associated with thiamin deficiency by increasing either the utilization or the breakdown of thiamin.
Determination of Hematologic Reference Values of Neonates in Mashhad - Iran

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The results of laboratory tests have little practical utility unless clinical studies have ascribed various states of health and disease to intervals of values.Several factors affect hematologic values, including race, environment, time of sampling, test method, blood collection site, gestational age and maternal factors.Since these factors vary in various populations, they can cause differences in reference hematologic values.Between September 2007 and March 2008, 447 healthy neonates with more than 2500 g weight were selected and cord blood specimen was taken using EDTA as the anticoagulant.Complete blood count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and RBC indices were measured by Sysmex cell counter.Differential leukocyte counts were determined in peripheral blood smear.Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 11.50).A p value < 0.05 was considered to be significant.Mean values and reference ranges of hematologic parameters were as follows: WBC (x10 3 µl)= 11.62 (5.16-18.2),RBC (x10 6 µl)= 4.45 ( 3.61-5.29),Hb (g/dl)=15.9(13-18.8),Hct (%)= 48.3 (39.6-56.9),MCV (fl)= 108.7 (97.5-119.8),MCH (pg)= 35.8 (31.7-40),MCHC (g/dl)= 33 (30.1-35.2),RDW (%)= 17. 1 (14.1-20.3).We observed some differences in hematologic values of neotanal cord blood in comparison with other references which are in use in daily clinical practice.Especially RBCs and hemoglobin were higher and MCV, WBC and absolute neutrophil count were lower.
Premature Rupture of the Membranes and Ritodrine Treatment

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract. The treatment with Ritodrine of 38 women with preterm rupture of the membranes (PROM) and 109 with intact membranes (ITM) was compared. Before the 36th gestational week, parturition could be postponed significan‐ly longer in the ITM group than in the PROM group (p <0.01), whereas there was no difference between the two groups after the 36th week. Parturition could be postponed significantly longer in the PROM group, when Bishop's score was below or equal to 6, than when it was above, while the same was true for ITM, when the score was even 9 or below (p<0.001). Therefore, it seems like that PROM adds 3 points to the Bishop score, when the score is used as a prognostic index for the ability to postpone parturition. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of RDS between the PROM group and the ITM group, although birth weight was significantly higher in the ITM group (mean 2799.5 g) than in the PROM group (mean 1985.5 g) (p<0.001). No serious side effects of the treatment given were seen, either in the mothers or in the infants. It is concluded that all women with preterm labor should be treated with ritodrine and bedrest, if betamethasone treatment of the mothers is indicated, as parturiton could be postponed for at least 24 h in all pregnancies in both groups.
Research on wavelet de-noising method based MEMS accelerator signal

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The traditional strapdown inertial navigation system usually uses the gyroscope survey carrier's angular speed and the accelerator surveyed the ratio strength signal which carries on the inertial navigation. The gyroscope free strapdown inertial navigation system replaces the gyroscope with the accelerator which signal outputs compared to resolve carrier angular speed. As a result, inertia component only has accelerator which has the very high request to accelerator's precision and the aspect of elimination noise. Based on the fast Fourier transformation and the wavelet transformation, carries on de-noising processing to the accelerator belt chirp signal. The belt chirp signal was carried on with the conventional based on the Fourier transformation, carries on the analysis to the power spectrum, and to de-noise the signal. According to the wavelet transformation, the methods of wavelet threshold and multi-resolution analysis are used respective characteristic to de-noise the signal, and compares with the traditional de-noising method, obtains the result that the methods of wavelet transformation for de-noising has a better aspect on smoothness and similarity.
IMPROVING FINGER FORCE CONTROLWITH VIBRATIONAL HAPTIC FEEDBACK FORMULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Pathologies including stroke and multiple sclerosis can leave patients with impaired tactile and proprioceptive sen-sation, which contributes to their difficulty in performing everyday tasks. We present the results that indicate that a combination of fingertip force sensing and vibrational feedback can help patients with multiple sclerosis improve their performance in manipulation tasks. The feedback can take the form of an “event cue ” in which patients are alerted when forces at the fingertips stray outside of a rec-ommended range, or proportional feedback, in which trains of vibration pulses are correlated directly with the fingertip forces. While both types of feedback allow the patients to handle objects with more accurate force control, the for-mer approach is more successful and preferred by subjects with mild impairment while the latter approach appears to be most effective for patients with severe impairment.
The Investigation Preoperative Coagulation Values of Patients Undergoing Oral Surgical Procedure Under Local Anesthesia

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Objective: The aim in this study was to investigate preoperative coagulation values of patients undergoing oral surgery under local anesthesia.Material and Method: The study included 1598 patients who presented to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry at Adıyaman University between 2017 and 2018 for various reasons and underwent surgery under local anesthesia based on examination. The patients’ age and gender as well as their coagulation values such as activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR) were recorded and analyzed statistically.Results: The age range of the patients included in the study ranged between 11 and 92, and their mean age was 30.51 ± 11.09. Of these patients, 63.06% (n = 1007) were female, and 36.94% (n = 591) were male. The total number of female patients admitted was more than that of the male patients in terms of the distribution by gender. When the number of patients admitted were examined in terms of age groups (0–20, 21–40, 41–60, &gt; 60), statistically significant differences were found especially between the ages 0–20 and 21–40 in both gender (p &lt;0.05). No significant differences were found in groups over the age of 40 (p &gt; 0.05). Values outside the normal range were observed in all of the coagulation values examined. Among these, APTT and PT (%) values that were lower than the normal and INR and PT (s) values that were higher than the normal were found to prevail. An examination of these abnormal values in terms of gender revealed that the values other than PT (%) were found to be statistically significantly higher in women, compared to men. In terms of age groups, these abnormal values belonging to the four coagulation parameters were found to be statistically significantly the highest among the people who were 21–40 years old (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Taking preoperative coagulation tests prior to locally applied surgical procedures is especially important in patients for whom detailed medical history cannot be obtained.
STUDY OF SULPHAMETHOXAZOLE IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Twenty-three patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) entered a single-blind cross-over study of sulphamethoxazole 2 g daily compared to placebo. Sulphamethoxazole was administered for 3 months during the 6-month study. Sulphamethoxazole exhibited properties commensurate with a second-line effect with a significant acute-phase reactant response and a parallel change in the clinical state. Adverse effects were common and resulted in nine drug-related withdrawals, mainly due to nausea and vomiting. There were also reversible abnormalities in liver function tests on the active drug. The role of sulphonamides in treatment of RA requires further exploration.
Relationship between rice consumption and body weight gain in Japanese workers: white versus brown rice/multigrain rice

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Increasing obesity rates have driven research into dietary support for body weight control, but previous studies have only assessed changes in body weight of ±3 kg. We investigated the relationships between white or brown/multi-grain rice consumption and 1-year body weight gain ≥3 kg in Japanese factory workers (n = 437). Routine medical check-up data from a 1-year nutrition and lifestyle cohort study were analysed. Participants were divided into white rice and brown/multi-grain rice consumption groups and further classified by tertile of rice consumption. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed by tertile. At 1 year, high white rice consumption was significantly associated with increased risk of body weight gain ≥3 kg compared with low white rice consumption, maintained after adjustment for age, sex, and consumption of other obesogenic foods (p = 0.034). In the brown/multi-grain rice consumption group, however, there was no significant difference in risk between high and low consumption, even after multi-variate adjustment (p = 0.387). The consumption of white rice, but not brown rice/multi-grain rice, was positively correlated with the risk of a 1-year body weight gain of 3 kg or more. This suggests that brown rice/multi-grain rice consumption is useful for body weight control among Japanese workers.
Combating cultural imperialism and cultural misorientation to preserve Afrikan intangible cultural heritage

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to address combating cultural imperialism and cultural misorientation to preserve Afrikan=Black intangible cultural heritage noting that the priority must be on indigenous Afrikan=Black people to push our own agenda. The study takes the 2019 UNESCO-ICM Open School as a case study in terms of substantive efforts (or lack thereof) to combat cultural imperialism and cultural misorientation. The study addresses matters of terminology, the implications of using the equal sign between Afrikan and non-Afrikan concepts, cultural misorientation and disorientation, false narratives and alien-self/anti-self-disorders, soft power, what must be done in terms of combating these ills. The study concludes with a section addressing the way forward for the Afrikan=Black Warrior Tradition and Afrikan Combat Scientists in light of the preservation of our intangible cultural heritage.
Score Driven Modeling of Spatio-temporal Data

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

A simultaneous autoregressive score driven model with autoregressive disturbances is developed for spatio-temporal data that may exhibit heavy tails. The model specification rests on a signal plus noise decomposition of a spatially filtered process, where the signal can be approximated by a non linear function of the past variables and a set of explanatory variables, while the noise follows a multivariate Student-t distribution. The key feature of the model is that the dynamics of the space-time varying signal are driven by the score of the conditional likelihood function. When the distribution is heavy tailed, the score provides a robust update of the space-time varying location. Consistency and asymptotic normality of maximum likelihood estimators are derived along with the stochastic properties of the model. The motivating application of the proposed model comes from brain scans recorded through functional magnetic resonance imaging when subjects are at rest and not expected to react to any controlled stimulus. We identify spontaneous activations in brain regions as extreme values of a possibly heavy tailed distribution, by accounting for spatial and temporal dependence.