jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Effect of number of triggers and shape of crash box on energy absorption during experimental collision

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The capacity of passenger car crash boxes to absorb energy during crashes has been the subject of extensive research, which started with the creation of multiple crash box models, changes in crash box filling, and the inclusion of crash box triggers. On the other hand, no research has been done on the combination of axle trigger holes, nine-cell columns, and crash box models. The results of the experiment on the energy-absorbing capacity of AA6061-T4 crash box specimens under compressive loads are presented in this paper. The compression tests were conducted on a Universal Testing Machine with a maximum force capability of 1000 kN and a speed capability of 5 mm/s. Three models are used in crash box modeling. A cross-section of the model with a round hole-shaped trigger variation is included in these three versions. It is established that the hexagonal Frusta type with two holes absorbs the highest energy at 33.30 kJ, and has a displacement of 4.12 mm and a maximum force of 348.5 kN. The energy absorption capacity of the crash box was found to be increased by combining frusta versions of the hexagon model with two holes and nine-cell column filling.
P70 Telaprevir in combination with peginterferon and ribavirin in genotype 1 HCV Treatment-Naïve patients: final results of phase 3 ADVANCE Study: Abstract P70 Table 1

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Aim The ADVANCE study is a 3-arm double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled Phase 3 study assessing efficacy and safety of two telaprevir (TVR, T)-based response-guided regimens compared with peginterferon alfa-2a 180 _g/week and ribavirin 1000–1200 mg/day (PR) in treatment-naive patients with chronic genotype 1 HCV infection. Method Treatment arms were (a) T 750 mg q8 h in combination with PR for 8 weeks, followed by additional weeks of PR; (b) T 750 mg q8 h in combination with PR for 12 weeks, followed by additional weeks of PR; (c) PR for 48 weeks (control arm). Patients in T arms achieving an extended rapid viral response (eRVR, undetectable HCV RNA at weeks 4 and 12) received a total of 24 weeks of therapy while those who did not received a total of 48 weeks of therapy. Randomisation was 1:1:1 and patients were stratified by HCV RNA (<800 000 IU/ml, ≥800 000 IU/ml), and genotype 1a vs. 1b. The primary endpoint was SVR (undetectable HCV RNA 24 weeks after last planned dose of treatment). The primary analysis was based on the Full Analysis (intention-to-treat) dataset. Safety is presented for TVR/Placebo duration phase. Results Of 1088 patients, 839 (77%) had HCV RNA ≥800 000 IU/ml, 631 (58%) were genotype 1a, 636 (58%) male, 94 (9%) black, 117 (11%) Latino/Hispanic, 231 (21%) had bridging fibrosis or compensated cirrhosis. The most common (>25%) AEs in the T arms were fatigue, pruritus, nausea, headache, anaemia, rash, influenza-like illness, insomnia, fever, and diarrhoea. Discontinuation of treatment due to AEs occurred in 8% in T8PR, 7% in T12PR and 4% in PR48; due to rash occurred in 0.5%, 1.4% and 0.0% and due to anaemia occurred in 3.3%, 0.8% and 0.6% in T8PR, T12PR and control arms, respectively. Conclusion A significantly greater proportion of patients achieved SVR with 12-week and 8-week telaprevir-based combination regimens (75% and 69%, respectively), compared with PR48 control arm (44%, p<0.0001). The safety and tolerability profile of telaprevir in the ADVANCE trial was consistent with the profile previously reported, with an improvement in treatment discontinuation rates due to adverse events, including rash and anaemia. These first Phase 3 results confirm the clinical benefit previously reported in Phase 2. Abstract P70 Table 1 Viral response T8PR N=364 T12PR N=363 PR48 N=361 Patients achieving RVR, n (%) 242 (66) 246 (68) 34 (9) Patients with HCV RNA undetectable at end of treatment (EOT), n (%) 295 (81) 314 (87) 229 (63) Patients achieving SVR, n (%) 250 (69)* 271 (75)* 158 (44) Difference in SVR rates, TVR arms vs control, % (95% CI) 25 (18 to 32) 31 (24 to 38) NA Patients with relapse, n (%) 28 (9) 27 (9) 64 (28) * p<0.0001, Denominator is number of patients with HCV RNA undetectable at EOT.
The Development of Feeding and Eating Disorders after Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Patients in the postoperative period following bariatric surgery are at risk of developing eating disorders. This study aims to analyse the relation between bariatric surgery and the development and recurrence of eating disorders. Material and methods: Literature review was done on 15th November 2020. Fourteen studies that met the eligibility criteria were included for qualitative synthesis, and 7 studies for meta-analysis. Results: The prevalence of eating disorders in the postoperative period was 7.83%, based on the 7 studies in the meta-analysis. Binge eating disorder alone was 3.81%, which was the most significant factor, and addressed in 6 of these studies. Conclusion: The investigated studies have significant methodological limitations in assessing the relation between bariatric surgery and eating disorders, since they mostly present data on prevalence. PROSPERO CRD42019135614.
The correspondence of Lew Sapieha addressed at the Radziwiłł family (in the years 1586–1622). A contribution to the reception of Stephen Báthory and Sigismund III Vasa in Lithuania

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The topic of this paper is the representation of the two kings of Poland – Stephen Báthory andSigismund III Vasa – emerging from the correspondence of Lew Sapieha addressed to the Radziwiłłsof Birża: Krzysztof ‘the Thunder’ and his son Krzysztof (d. 1640), as well as Mikołaj KrzysztofSierotka of the Nieśwież line of the family. A look at Sapieha’s writings allows to capture thedifferences in his descriptions of the two monarchs and also enables identifying the rhetorictools aimed at making the king’s policies favourable in the eyes of the addressees. Sapieha’s lettersare testaments of his unusual ability to depict reality colourfully; most of all, however, theyenrich the knowledge on the art of epistolography in the past centuries, a topic which remainsnot fully explored by literary historians.
Familial Pituitary Adenomas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Though previously only 4–5% of pituitary adenomas were considered to occur in a family setting, either isolated or as part of an endocrine tumor syndrome, current data suggest a higher proportion of familial cases, especially for young patients. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome and familial isolated pituitary adenoma (FIPA) are responsible for the majority of cases, while Carney complex (CNC) explains a few hundred of them worldwide, while multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4 (MEN4) and succinate-dehydrogenase (SDH)-related familial pituitary adenomas have only been described in a few patients. The gene(s) causing familial pituitary adenomas have not been identified in a large proportion of the cases. MEN1 is characterized by the association of pituitary tumors, hypercalcemia and pancreatic adenomas, as well as some nonendocrine tumors. In a few cases, an MEN1-like syndrome is caused by mutations in the gene coding for the cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip1. A small percentage (20–30%) of phenotypically well characterized FIPA cases are due to mutations in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein gene (AIP). CNC is a rare syndrome, characterized by acromegaly due to pituitary hyperplasia, cardiac and dermal myxomatosis, primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease, lentiginoses, and a variety of benign and malignant tumors; in 70% of cases it is due to PRKAR1A mutations. Mutations in DICER1 are related to the development of pituitary blastomas in infants. The association of SDH mutations with a syndrome of pituitary adenomas and pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas has been recently described. Somatic mutations in these genes have been studied in sporadic pituitary adenomas: while mutations in the GNAS are common in somatotropinomas (30–40%), MEN1 mutations have very rarely been identified and no somatic mutations have been described in the other genes associated with familial pituitary adenomas. Genetic counseling is essential for these patients and their relatives. Follow-up of mutation carriers, by clinical, biochemical and imaging studies, should lead to earlier pituitary tumor detection, allowing for more efficient treatment.
Assessment of Contamination Potential in Okhla Landfill, New Delhi by using Leachate Pollution Index

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Landfill leachate generation from a landfill site is one of the main problems for both developed and developing countries around the world. Leachates liberated from the site contain various organic, inorganic, heavy metals, and sometimes hazardous chemical and organic pollutants, which are the origin of the deterioration of air and water quality in its vicinity. The present attempt was performed to assess seasonal variation of the leachate quality, and also determine three sub-indices of leachate which are LPIorg, LPIin, and LPIhm, and the overall LPI of operational, uncontrolled landfills in South Delhi by using leachate pollution index (LPI). Around twenty-five (25) parameters were analyzed during pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons from the collected leachate samples. Out of twenty-five pollutants, COD, BOD, NH4-N, EC, and TDS were found beyond the set standard limit in all seasons. Other pollutants like TKN, TSS, TCB, and Cl were also found in high concentrations. Arsenic (As) concentration was found beyond permissible during post-monsoon. The concentration of lead (Pd) in the pre and post-monsoon season was observed beyond the standard limit. Sub-LPI indices in the pre-monsoon season were observed as LPIorg 82.0, LPIin 40.8, and LPIhm 6.9, and likewise, Sub-LPI in monsoon season were LPIorg 81.4, LPIin 25.5, and LPIhm 5.2 and Sub-LPI post-monsoon season was calculated as LPIorg 90.5, LPIin 30.2 and LPI hm 6.2. Almost in all the seasons, LPIorg i.e. organic pollutants was dominated then followed by LPIin, and LPIhm. The overall LPI value of the study area during the pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon was 32.5, 28.2 and 32.0, respectively. It was observed that overall LPI (calculated) was maximum during pre-monsoon followed by post-monsoon and monsoon. LPI value was beyond the standard limit, except for LPI hm, which was below the standards. It was recommended that more waste-to-energy plants and decentralized waste segregation units need to be set up, to avoid direct dumping of all mixed waste in the landfill sites.
ЩОДО ВИБОРУ ВІБРАЦІЙНОГО ЗАХИСТУ РОБОТИЗОВАНИХ ПЛАТФОРМ

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We consider a robotic platform as a working body, which is a rather rigid body connected to a fixed base by elastic elements. Oscillations occurring in robotic platforms are associated with moving bodies, so reducing the vibration activity of the source is to reduce dynamic reactions by means of a vibration isolation device. The vibration isolation device is the most important part of the vibration protection system of the platform, and its purpose is to create a mode of movement in which the purpose of protecting the object is realized. For the manufacture of a robotic platform, it is necessary to choose vibration isolation by considering the options of spring, rubber and pneumatic shock absorbers, and by examining the parameters of which, you can select the appropriate vibration supports.
Terahertz spectroscopy for food diagnostic application

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Due to the various food scandals and food mishandling in the past, there is an increasing demand for food safety. While there are many methods which can analyse the freshness of food, many are either too time consuming, costly or complicated. Coupled with the rise in demand for seafood in the recent years, there is an increasing need to come up with a more efficient, cost effective and accurate way to determine freshness of the food, particularly seafood. Terahertz technology is a viable option. With the advancement in Terahertz Technology, this technology has proven its usefulness in many applications such as identifying homogeneous and optically flat sample such as drugs in a fast and cost-effective manner. However, little studies were done to study meat, a complicated and non- homogeneous biological organism. Therefore, Terahertz Time Domain spectroscopy was used to study the freshness of salmon and three other fishes in both transmission and reflection mode in this project. The time domain result was then Fast Fourier Transformed and further analysed in Origin Lab to obtain the frequency dependent and material dependent parameters to determine the quality of the fish. Even though the results from reflection mode may not be as accurate as that of transmission mode, the freshness of a fish can be determined from the results obtained from both transmission and reflection mode. This project indicates the potential use of Terahertz technology as a fast and economical means to determine the freshness of the food.
Letter: Abortion and maternal deaths.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Delay in making abortion referrals by practitioners in Wales is disc ussed. A recent survey showed that many practitioners consider the abortion service at the University Hospital of Wales (Cardiff) to be unsympathetic, unsatisfactory, or inadequate because of delays by consultants. Another survey conducted at this hospital indicated that only 20% of the patients referred for consideration of termination were seen within 1 week of referral, 30% had not been seen by 2 weeks, and 57% of the abortions were performed during or after the 12th week of gestation. It is suggested that area health authorities be required to make appropriate agency arrangements with nonprofit voluntary agencies so that most pregnancies could be terminated before the 12th week of gestation.
The α and β Subunits of IκB Kinase (IKK) Mediate TRAF2-Dependent IKK Recruitment to Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Receptor 1 in Response to TNF

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The activation of IkappaB kinase (IKK) is a key step in the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. IKK is a complex composed of three subunits: IKKalpha, IKKbeta, and IKKgamma (also called NEMO). In response to the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IKK is activated after being recruited to the TNF receptor 1 (TNF-R1) complex via TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2). We found that the IKKalpha and IKKbeta catalytic subunits are required for IKK-TRAF2 interaction. This interaction occurs through the leucine zipper motif common to IKKalpha, IKKbeta, and the RING finger domain of TRAF2, and either IKKalpha or IKKbeta alone is sufficient for the recruitment of IKK to TNF-R1. Importantly, IKKgamma is not essential for TNF-induced IKK recruitment to TNF-R1, as this occurs efficiently in IKKgamma-deficient cells. Using TRAF2(-/-) cells, we demonstrated that the TNF-induced interaction between IKKgamma and the death domain kinase RIP is TRAF2 dependent and that one possible function of this interaction is to stabilize the IKK complex when it interacts with TRAF2.
Enzymes used by <i>M. acetivorans</i>.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

<p>Current pathway models for growth of <i>M. acetivorans</i> on <i>A</i>, methanol + acetate or <i>B</i>, acetate as carbon and energy sources. Enzymes in red are essential despite no defined purpose in the pathway. Green ovals = energy conserving step. Red ovals = energy-consuming step. Please see text for abbreviations.</p>
DILUTE PHASE VERTICAL PNEUMATIC CONVEYING OF CORK STOPPERS

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The pneumatic conveying of cork stoppers is used in the cork processingindustries with equipments designed and built purely on an empirical basis.Experimental studies to characterize this type of pneumatic transportationhave been, so far, oriented towards the study of horizontal conveying processes, either for steady state transportation or for the acceleration zone.However studies were carried out on the determination of the pressure dropon vertical transportation of cork stoppers. Here the experimental apparatusand procedure are described, and the first experimental data that have beenobtained are shown. In consequence a simple correlation for the pressure drop in the steady state region of the conveying pipe is proposed. Thecorrelation is a function of dimensionless parameters used to characterizethe two phase flow under analysis. Three standard stoppers sizes and a single pipe diameter were used in the experiments, all carried out at ambient temperature.
Echistatin induces decrease of pp125FAK phosphorylation, disassembly of actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesions, and detachment of fibronectin-adherent melanoma cells.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

B16-BL6 mouse melanoma cells cultured on fibronectin-coated dishes were detached by treatment with echistatin, an RGD-containing disintegrin. Echistatin was active at micromolar concentrations and was not cytotoxic. Its effect was dose-dependent and reversible. Sequential morphological changes leading to rounding up of the cells were detected by phase-contrast microscopy and by immunofluorescence analysis. A dramatic reduction in the number and size of focal adhesions and loss of cytoplasmic actin filaments were observed well before cell detachment occurred. Echistatin treatment down-regulated the phosphorylation of pp125FAK in fibronectin-adherent cells in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. The reduction of pp125FAK phosphorylation preceded cell detachment and occurred even in the presence of orthovanadate, an inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases. These results suggest that echistatin detaches cells from the fibronectin substratum by inducing a decrease of pp125FAK phosphorylation and that echistatin acts by inhibiting protein tyrosine kinase activity rather than activating protein tyrosine phosphatases.
A Study of English Translation of Colloquial Expressions in Two Translations of Jamalzadeh: Once Upon a Time and Isfahan Is Half the World

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this study was to explore the translation of one of the sub-categories of culture-bound items that is colloquial and slang expressions from Persian to English in two works by Jamalzadeh, Yeki Bud, Yeki Nabud translated by Moayyed & Sprachman and Sar o Tah e Yek Karbas translated by Heston. Applying Newmark’s (1988b) framework, the type and frequency of translation procedures applied by translators as well as the effectiveness of the translators in preserving the level of colloquialism of source texts were determined. The results of this descriptive study revealed that the translators had applied 6 procedures: synonymy (%51), paraphrase (%26.5), literal (%8.5), descriptive equivalent (%2.5 ), couplet (%2) , shift (%1), omission (%5) and mistranslation (%3.5). As for maintaining the informal style of the source texts, the co-translators of the book of Yeki, Sprachman (native English translator) and Moayyed (native Persian translator) have been more consistent and successful in preserving the tone of the original text than Heston (native English translator of Sar). This success can be partly justified by the acquaintance of Moayyed with Persian language and culture making the correct recognition and translation of expressions possible.
Approximated acceleration modes-based detection method for violent video

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract

This paper first introduces the Pixel Tracking methods to solve the optical flow information from the original video frames, based on which the optical flow field is established. In this paper, the LFN2-2DCNN-ConvLSTM velocity recognition model is constructed based on the optical flow field, and the Acc-2DCNN-ConvLSTM acceleration recognition model is further constructed based on the velocity features. Among them, this paper innovatively gives a regionalized approximation method to approximate the acceleration feature sequence, obtains an efficient approximation of optical flow feature information under acceleration modes, and obtains the velocity and acceleration modes under CBAM mechanism centralized data. We verified the accuracy of the data in our experiments.
Use of Removable Partial Denture in Child with Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome: Case Report

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Background: Papillon-Levefre Syndrome (PLS) is a rare genetic disorder with prevalence of 1-4 cases per millions of birth, characterized by the presence of palmar-plantar hyperkeratosis and rapid periodontal destruction of both the primary and secondary dentition. Purpose: This clinical report described such a rare condition with special attention on its diagnostic characterization, various treatment options and Prosthodontic rehabilitation. Case: Five years-old boy accompanied by his mother came to Pediatric Dentistry Specialist Clinic, Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital - Surabaya with the chief complaint of gradually loss of upper and lower teeth since the patient was 3 years old. Case Management: Removable partial denture was chosen because it was considered as an appliance that can recover the function of mastication, speech and aesthetic patient. Removable partial denture was designed to replace 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 72, 73, 74, 75, 82, 83, 84 and 85 with retention on 16, 26, 36 and 46, and anterior bite riser on 31 and 41. Conclusion.Removable partial denture is the treatment of choice for children with PLS who are still in the growth period because it can recover mastication and aesthetic functions, have a good aesthetic, and easy maintenance that could done by the child.
Linking Quality of Life and Standard of Living Priorities with Rates of Return in Education: Implications for Ontario's Community Colleges

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study begins to develop a way to measure the returns and benefits of education using a standard of living and quality of life approach. It sought identification of school priorities among senior level managers at postsecondary institutions in Ontario, Canada, and found that these administrators prioritized standard of living over quality of life. Findings indicate that these institutions relate their priorities to job and employment objectives rather than community and social goals and to their role as contributors to economic ends. Innovative use of the model and rates of return may improve overall policy direction and evaluation of specific programs.