jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Study of Cases Filed Under Consumer Protection Act at an Apex Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in India

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Introduction: The doctor-patient relationship is one of the most unique and privileged relations and in our country, it has been complicated over the past few decades. The Consumer protection Act 1986& its Medical Profession related Provisions of 1995 is a unique legislation which provides for speedy and economical redressal in a simple manner. Objectives: To identify and describe the issues which have a direct or indirect bearing in the filing of these cases. To analyze role/ responsibility of respondents and asses the status of cases. Material and method: Retrospective study of CPA cases of ten years from the year 1998 to 2007 was done and there analysis was done. All current cases of alleged medical negligence were studied as motioned below. a) Case files in establishment section (legal cell) including complaints and legal notices were retrieved, reviewed and analyzed. b) Case sheets and discharge summary in admitted patients were reviewed. c) Outpatient and casualty records in selected cases wherever required were referred. Results: The total numbers of cases was found to be sixteen. Case filling distribution was made as per District Forum, State consumer Disputes Redressal (SCDR) Commission and National consumer Disputes Redressal (NCDR) Commission and was 4, 7 and 5 respectively. Study showed more cases were from surgery department. Role and responsibility analysis showed that 3 cases were direct responsibility, 12 cases were joint responsibility and 6 cases were shared responsibility. Status of cases showed that 15 cases were pending in forum and commissions. Conclusion: The prime object of the Medical Profession is to render service to humanity; reward in the shape of material term or anything is a subordinate consideration. Gradually doctors are realizing that CPA may be beneficial in the long run. There would be more trust and transparency in doctorpatient relationship. Expected outcomes of studied cases filed against AIIMS of the topic are likely to be decided in favour of AIIMS.
Simulation of Spring Discharge Using Deep Learning, Considering the Spatiotemporal Variability of Precipitation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Precipitation data collected from sparse monitoring stations in numerous karst basins pose a challenge for hydrologic models to accurately capture spatial and temporal correlation between precipitation and karst spring discharge, hindering the development of robust simulation models. To address this data scarcity issue, this study employes a coupled deep learning model that integrates a variation autoencoder (VAE) for augmenting precipitation data and a long short-term memory (LSTM) network for karst spring discharge prediction. The VAE contributes by generating synthetic precipitation data through an encoding-decoding process. This process generalizes the observed precipitation data by deriving joint latent distributions with improved preservation of temporal and spatial correlations in the data. The combined VAE-generated precipitation and observation data are used to train and test the LSTM for predicting the spring discharge. Applied to Niangziguan spring catchment in northern China, our coupled VAE/LSTM model demonstrated significantly higher predictive accuracy compared to a LSTM model using only field observations. We also explored temporal and spatial correlations in the observed data and the impact of different ratios of VAE-generated precipitation data to actual data on model performances. Additionally, our study evaluated the effectiveness of VAE-augmented data on various deep learning models and compared VAE with other data augmentation techniques. Our study demonstrates that the VAE offers a novel approach to address data scarcity and uncertainty, improving learning generalization and predictive capability of various hydrological models.
Hematologic outcomes of MDS treatment with hypomethylating agents in community practice.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

6601 Background: Hypomethylating agents (HMAs) treat myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) through suppression of abnormal clones may cause low hemoglobin (Hgb), platelet (PLT) deficiencies, and reduced absolute neutrophil count (ANC). The purpose of this study was to examine hematologic outcomes in MDS among patients treated with HMAs in a large community hematology/oncology practice. Methods: In a retrospective observational study using electronic medical record data, patients with an ICD-9 diagnosis of MDS from June 1 2006 to May 31 2009 who received at least 1 cycle of a single HMA (decitabine [DAC] or azacitidine [AZA], 5-day IV dosing for each treatment) with pretreatment and end of treatment Hgb, PLT count, and ANC were included. Multivariate logistic regression assessed predictors of end of treatment response (Hgb ≥ 11g/dL without transfusion or erythrocyte stimulating agent; PLT ≥ 100 K cells/μL without transfusion; ANC ≥ 1,000 cells/mm3 without colony stimulating factors) adjusting for baseline lab values, age, gender, co-morbidities, and growth factor use during treatment. HMA choice was also studied as a predictor of outcome. Results: A total of 137 patients (mean age 72.2; 57% male) met full inclusion criteria (DAC = 84, AZA = 53). Sample baseline mean values were Hgb = 9.7 g/dL; PLT = 107K cells/μL; ANC = 2,240 cells/mm3. Mean number of cycles was 4 (range 1- 16) for DAC and 5 (range 1-23) for AZA. Total number of cycles significantly predicted Hgb, PLT and ANC response (OR 1.19, p = 0.029; OR 1.15, p = 0.031; OR 1.16, p = 0.047). There was a trend toward a greater likelihood of Hgb ≥ 11g/dL for DAC vs. AZA (OR 2.70, p = 0.085). Growth factor use during treatment was negatively associated with Hgb and ANC response (OR 0.85, p = 0.007; OR 0.96, p = 0.046). There was no difference between treatments in likelihood of PLT or ANC response. Conclusions: Patients treated with HMAs for MDS are more likely to achieve hematologic response when treated with a greater number of cycles. DAC may be associated with a greater likelihood of erythroid response compared with AZA. This variance from trial-based data may be due to the use of the 5-day IV dosing regimen for AZA. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Eisai Eisai Eisai
Krajobraz w służbie patriotyzmu. Czasopisma krajoznawcze jako narzędzie wychowania patriotycznego w II Rzeczypospolitej

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this paper is to present the conclusions from analyzing the content of the selected sightseeing periodicals issued in Polish in the Second Republic of Poland, focusing the research on: “Orli Lot”, “Ziemia”. When choosing the particular titles, not only the subject and language category were decisive, but also durability of particular tittles and their addressees. Therefore, we paid attention to periodicals published regularly and targeted to various reader groups, e.g. to adolescents. The research used methods proper to press studies and also was supported by geocriticism tools in order to reconstruct educational ideas propagated in the aforementioned periodicals. The ideas were supposed to, including but not limited to, create permanent system of moral concepts for the Poles, constituting grounds of the “new” citizen construct.
Pola Komunikasi Organisasi (Studi Kangguru Internasional Education Service di Aceh)

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Organizational communication patterns are a system of sending messages from communicators to communicants with the aim of changing behavior, attitudes and opinions. This research aims to look further at the organizational communication patterns carried out by KIES Aceh. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The data used in this research is primary data collected from the field through observation and in-depth interviews. Method. The number of informants used as primary data sources in this research consisted of 4 people: Director, Deputy Director, Treasurer, and Teacher. The research results show that there are 3 organizational communication patterns used by KIES, namely: formal communication patterns, informal communication patterns and socialization mechanism communication patterns. Where these three communication patterns work well at KIES.
The study of the variety of ethnobotanical plants and spices used in the cuisine of the Indian tribes of Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The present investigation aimed to identify and document herbs and spices used by the tribal communities for culinary purposes in the district of Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India. It is a report about this field using an ethnobotanical viewpoint, and it includes a quantitative analysis of the plants that were reported. A questionnaire was used to gather data from the indigenous communities in the study area. The collected data was analyzed through fidelity level (FL) and use value (UV). The plant samples were collected identified and then processed as voucher specimens following standard ethnobotanical practice. In total, there are 24 species of plants belonging to 15 families and 22 genera. These plants were mainly used as fruits (34%), leaves (23%), seeds (17%), rhizomes (10%), aril (4%), barks (3%), bulbs (3%), flower buds, and stigmas (3%). There are many medicinal and commercially significant plants in the region, which have a wealth of greenery. The tribal communities still regularly use these plants to produce herbs and spices for both culinary and medicinal uses. However, the traditional indigenous knowledge of these plants is gradually disappearing among the younger population. As a consequence, it will be useful as a reference as well as a way to record and keep alive the local knowledge of these herbs and spices in the district of Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh.
Microbial modulation of metabolic diseases

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The gut microbiota, the ensemble of microorganisms living in the gastrointestinal tract, and the host have a mutualist relationship. Alterations of this delicate equilibrium can lead to changes in microbiota composition and/or function leading to the onset of metabolic diseases (e.g., type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases). The current knowledge of host-microbiota interaction, in health and disease, is limited. Here, by using a translational science approach, we were able to identify some of the mechanisms underlying the influence of the microbiota on impaired glucose and lipid metabolism. Specifically: \nIn Paper I, I explored the microbiota-host interaction and its effect on glucose metabolism. Particularly, by performing colonization of germ-free mice, I studied the effect on glucose metabolism over time. I investigated the different molecular mechanisms underlying the impaired metabolic profile induced by the colonization over time. These findings provide fundamental information on how to conduct studies on microbiota and metabolic diseases.\nIn Paper II, I identified a novel microbially-produced molecule, imidazole propionate, which is increased in the portal vein of subjects with type 2 diabetes. I demonstrated causality of this molecule in impaired glucose metabolism by administering it in both in-vivo and in-vitro models. Moreover, I identified molecular targets of imidazole propionate in the insulin signaling cascade, specifically on the insulin receptor substrate proteins, and showed that this effect is mediated by activation of the mTOR complex.\nIn Paper III, I investigated whether the gut microbiota composition and function is altered in subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In presence of steatosis, I observed a shift in microbiota composition characterized by increased abundance of bacteria from the oral cavity, ethanol-producing bacteria, and a reduction in butyrate producing bacteria. On a functional level, I observed an enrichment in functions related to metabolic functions and production of lipopolysaccharides in subjects with steatosis.\nIn conclusion, these findings show that the microbiota is an environmental factor that modulates metabolic diseases. Understanding the mechanisms underlying microbial impacts on host metabolism will aid in discovery of novel targets for the treatment of metabolic diseases in humans.
Real Existing Regionalism: The Region between Talk, Territory and Technology

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract In this essay, we propose the notion of real existing ‘lived’ regionalism as a rejoinder to the normative and ideological debates around new regionalism. Regional forms have shown little convergence in this age of globalized regionalization. Instead of an ideational construct or set of predictable practices, we argue that regionalism is a contested product of discourses (talk), territorial relationships (territory) and technologies (material and of power). The concept of real existing regionalism confronts the tensions between the discursive constructions and normative interventions characterizing much current regionalist debate and the territorial politics and technologies reflecting, generating and directing new state spatial strategic choices. The essay demonstrates the utility of the real existing regionalism framework through an analysis of the greenbelt, transport planning and post‐ suburbanization in Southern Ontario. We argue that regulatory institutions capture the Toronto region in a mix of rhetorical and technological change that complies with neither preconceived notions of regionalization nor the pessimism of total regional dysfunctionality. Rather, the lived experience of regionalization illuminates the emergent assemblages, multiplicity of everyday flows and ongoing multiscalar negotiations of diverse communities that produce the real existing region.
A Murder in Lemberg: Politics, Religion, and Violence in Modern Jewish History

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

How could a Jew kill a Jew for religious and political reasons? Many people asked this question after an Orthodox Jew assassinated Israeli Prime Minister Itshak Rabin in 1995. But historian Michael Stanislawski couldn't forget it, and he decided to find out everything he could about an obscure and much earlier event that was uncannily similar to Rabin's murder: the 1848 killing--by an Orthodox Jew--of the Reform rabbi of Lemberg (now L'viv, Ukraine). Eventually, Stanislawski concluded that this was the first murder of a Jewish leader by a Jew since antiquity, a prelude to twentieth-century assassinations of Jews by Jews, and a turning point in Jewish history. Based on records unavailable for decades, A Murder in Lemberg is the first book about this fascinating case. On September 6, 1848, Abraham Ber Pilpel entered the kitchen of Rabbi Abraham Kohn and his family and poured arsenic in the soup that was being prepared for their dinner. Within hours, the rabbi and his infant daughter were dead. Was Kohn's murder part of a conservative Jewish backlash to Jewish reform and liberalization in a year of European revolution? Or was he killed simply because he threatened taxes that enriched Lemberg's Orthodox leaders? Vividly recreating the dramatic story of the murder, the trial that followed, and the political and religious fallout of both, Stanislawski tries to answer these questions and others. In the process, he reveals the surprising diversity of Jewish life in mid-nineteenth-century eastern Europe. Far from being uniformly Orthodox, as is often assumed, there was a struggle between Orthodox and Reform Jews that was so intense that it might have led to murder
The Use of Qualitative Risk Analysis Methods to Facilitate Decision Making in the Management of Health and Welfare in Wildlife

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This thesis is composed of a series of papers, all of which have been published in peer reviewed publications. The papers use the recognised process of qualitative risk assessment in a range of scenarios in the field of wildlife health and welfare in both in situ and ex situ environments. Chapter 1 discusses the challenges faced regarding availability of empirical data in field of wildlife and zoological health and welfare and justifies the exploration of techniques to assist with decision making. The development of risk analysis and its integration with risk management and risk communication to become risk assessment is described before being put into the specific context of wildlife and zoological disease. \n Chapters 2 and 3 consider two scenarios where disease risk assessment is well established as a tool, importation across national borders and in conservation interventions. Chapter 2 develops the standard import risk assessment approach to include multiple species and multiple diseases. Chapter 3 reviews developments made over the last 25 years and proposes best practice approaches to implement. Chapter 4 describes how the risk assessments formulated as described in Chapter 3 are used for licensing purposes emphasising the importance of risk management and communication. This theme is continued in Chapter 6 where the integration of risk assessment and evidence based decision making is considered in the broad context of a strategic approach to wildlife health bringing together the outcomes and processes described in Chapters 2, 3, 4 and 5. \nThe papers in Chapters 2,5 and 8 are focused on how risk analysis aids in development of disease control approaches and policy. The evidence base is composed primarily of peer-reviewed literature supported by expert review of the finalised assessment. Chapter 7 uses risk assessment in an applied scenario, taking the recognised process and modifying it to structure an active disease investigation demonstrating the versatility of the technique. Chapter 9 takes this a step further by again adapting the methodology which, has historically been used primarily for infectious diseases, to consider reproduction and assess risks to welfare rather than purely health. The paper in Chapter 9 builds on the methodology by combining existing peer-reviewed literature with data collected specifically for the purpose of feeding into the assessment and utilising a stakeholder and expert opinion elicitation workshop to obtain data too. These process are proposed and described in Chapter 3. \n The final chapter critically reviews risk assessment, highlighting three key areas of potential weakness and proposing approaches to address these criticisms. The value of the approach in wildlife and zoological health and welfare as demonstrated by this series of papers is described
Detection and Identification of Mycobiota Associated with Rice in Three Districts of Iraq

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The reduction of yield, quality, and nutritional value of grain cereals by different fungal species is of great concern around the world. A comprehensive investigation was made on fungal mycobiota in rice from three provinces; Baghdad, Al-Najaf and Al-Qadisiyah of Iraq surveyed during the growing season 2014-2015. Fields were selected due to their location near the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers. Mycological analysis indicated that there were a difference rates in disease infection due to various fungal species. Predominant fungal species identified as Bipolaris spicifera, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium spp., Nigrospora oryzae, Exserohilum rostratum, Alternaria spp. and Thanatephorus cucumeris. Confirmation of the associated fungal species was further accomplished by analysis of their ribosomal DNA and internal transcribed spacer region sequences. The present study provides a detailed description of the associated fungal species, which may help in understanding the population dynamics and in developing effective control measures.
Comparison of the L-Network and Simplified Network's Impedance Matching of Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers (EMATs) can generate several types of ultrasonic waves without requiring contact with the sample under test. However, EMATs are usually less power-efficient than piezoelectric transducers. In other to mitigate this, an impedance matching technique can be used. The L-network is one of the most common techniques and is composed of two reactive elements. In this paper, two simplified variations of the L-network are proposed and theoretically evaluated, namely, the one-parallel-element (OPE) and one-series-element (OSE) networks. These simplified networks have advantages such as, simpler construction, which leads to lower real-world lower losses and they are easier to tune and adjust. OPE, OSE, full L-Network (FLN), and the unmatched circuit are theoretically exploited with three EMATs, and their performances are compared. The performance depends on the EMATs and frequency: OPE provides better results at higher frequencies, and the OSE at lower frequencies. For the EMATs and frequencies analyzed here, a combination of simplified networks, considering whichever works best in any particular case, can achieve from 78 to 99% of the performance of the full L-network.
Mathematics & Science Achievement in Texas Urban Schools: A Multilevel Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In Texas urban schools, there has been a persistent gap in academic performance in mathematics and science. Discussions about student performance often overlook sociocultural factors contributing to these disparities. This study examines mathematics and science achievement in Texas urban schools using a multilevel multinomial logistic regression analysis and the conceptual framework of the opportunity gap. Data from the Texas Education Agency for the 2018-2019 school year was analyzed to examine relationships between student achievement and within- and between-school characteristics. The findings reveal significant disparities in science achievement (i.e., Biology) and mathematics achievement (i.e., Algebra I). Female students outperform males in Algebra I but underperform in Biology. Students eligible for free or reduced lunch (FRL) consistently underperform in both subjects. Course tracking also plays a critical role, with students on accelerated tracks showing higher achievement, while those in off-track courses are more likely to underperform. School-level factors, such as the proportion of FRL-eligible, Black, or Latinx students, further contribute to lower achievement outcomes across mathematics and science. These results highlight the need for targeted interventions, equitable resource allocation, and culturally responsive teaching practices to address persistent achievement gaps in urban education settings.