jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Ursolic acid and carvacrol may be potential inhibitors of dormancy protein small heat shock protein16.3 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Small heat shock protein16.3 (sHSP16.3) is a crucial protein for survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in its host. Besides, this protein acts as a molecular chaperone during stress and is indispensable for MTB's growth, virulence and cell-wall thickening. sHSP16.3 is also a promising candidate for vaccine, serodiagnosis and drug design as well. In the present study, we have targeted sHSP16.3 with two phytochemicals, namely ursolic acid and carvacrol using in silico approach. Molecular docking analysis showed that both phytochemicals (ursolic acid and carvacrol) have docked with sHSP16.3 and shown tendency to inhibit the function of this vital protein of MTB. In addition, both compounds have exhibited strong compatibility with sHSP16.3 during whole 60 ns duration of molecular dynamics simulation. Further, the molecular mechanic/generalized Born/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM/G/P/BSA) free energies were calculated which showed that both phytocompounds have stable and favourable binding energies causing strong binding with binding site of sHSP16.3. Taking together, the data of present study suggest that both phytocompounds may be potential inhibitor of sHSP16.3 of MTB and a best alternative to standard anti-tuberculosis drugs.
Informality in Indian Manufacturing

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

"The objective of this paper is to characterize informality in output and employment in the Indian economy for the period 1978-2005, with a special emphasis on the manufacturing sector. We first present statistics on growth and employment for India as well as for three sectors - agriculture, industry and services- for the time period 1950-2005. We also present data on employment in informal and formal enterprises and highlight how informality in both formal and informal enterprises has grown over the years. This is further confirmed by comparing India with 40 other developing countries, where we find that the share of informal employment in non-agricultural employment is the highest among all the countries, and Indian manufacturing is a sector where the degree of informality is strikingly high. We document informality in Indian manufacturing carefully by examining detailed data on value added, employment, capital-labor ratios and trade at the 3 digit level for the manufacturing industries during the 1978-2010 period and highlight those industries in which informality has been increasing and dominant. Importantly, the level of informality in Indian employment has remained persistently high despite the rapid growth in GDP and GDP per capita seen since 1991, which is when India initiated the process of liberalizing the domestic industrial policy as well as its trade policy. While the real GDP per capita growth averaged about 5% pre 1990, it jumped to 6% during the decade of the 90s and then increased further to 7:5% during the decade of 2000s. However, this rapid growth in output did not translate into growth in employment - employment growth post 1990 is not significantly different from pre 1990. This pattern of growth in India has been referred to as 'jobless growth'."
Gene expression in melanoma cell lines and cultured melanocytes: correlation between levels of c-src-1, c-myc and p53.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The molecular genetics of melanoma is little understood and has concentrated largely on DNA analyses. We have examined mRNA levels of 21 different oncogenes, antioncogenes, growth factors and proteases in cultured melanocytes and 17 melanoma cell lines. C-mel, c-erb-B2, c-myc, c-src-1, p53, platelet derived growth factor A chain, gro, transforming growth factor alpha, epidermal growth factor receptor and tissue plasminogen activator were all expressed in at least some cell lines. Most striking was the finding that there are significant intercorrelations of c-myc, p53 and c-src-1 levels, and between p53 and c-erb-B2, which may be due to common regulatory control of these genes in cells of the melanocytic lineage.
Marine Natural Products with Anti-HIV Activities in the Last Decade

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Marine organisms have been proven to be excellent sources of biologically active compounds against HIV. This review gives an overview of 132 natural products from marine sources obtained during the last decade (2002-2011), which exhibit anti-HIV activity toward different biological targets. Sponges contribute more than half of all anti-HIV natural products from marine organisms, mainly as alkaloids and cyclic depsipeptides. In addition, some macromolecules are considered as potential anti-HIV agents, including lectins from algae and marine invertebrates, as well as sulfated polysaccharides from algae. In the reviewed marine natural products, many active ingredients act as HIV entry inhibitors, one class of new anti-HIV agents, and may be regarded as potential candidates for the development of novel anti-HIV agents. The other features of development in the marine original anti-HIV natural products in this ten years are also discussed.
Evaluation of therapeutic effect of cofetol cough syrup in comparison with compound codeine syrup

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and adverse reaction of cofetol cough syrup. Methods: 121
patients were enrolled into the double blind, controlled study. They were divided to receive 15mL of oofetol cough syrup 3 times daily (n = 60) or 15mL of compound codeine syrup 3 times daily (n=61) for 3-7d. Results:The effective rate was 90% for active group and 74% for control group. The main adverse reaction for active group was mild dizziness,dry mouth,constipation etc. No significant difference in efficacy and adverse reaction between groups were observed. Conclusion:Cofetol cough syrup is effective and safe for relieving cough and reducing sputum.
ChemInform Abstract: AN INTERMEDIATE PRODUCT OF A NICKEL‐CATALYZED (4)‐RADICAL SYNTHESIS AND ITS RESULTING PRODUCTS

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Die oxidative Addition zweier Trienmoleküle (II) an Ni(0) in (I) unter COD‐Eliminierung ergibt den Nickelacyclopentan‐Komplex (III).
Mont-de-Marsan 2010

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Cette annee, l’ accent est mis plus jamais sur le off, et ca se voit ! Grâce a lui, la petite ville de Mont-de-Marsan, durant cette semaine flamenca, est devenue dynamique, enjouee et accueillante. Francois Boidron, directeur de la culture et du patrimoine au sein du Conseil General des Landes, et son equipe, ont reussi leur pari : le off s’ imposa cette annee comme la grande nouveaute, impliquant les cafes du centre-ville montois dans la vie flamenca nocturne. Nouvelle egalement, la presentation d’un (...)
On the Best Frequency Reuse Scheme in WiMAX

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this chapter, we present and compare the frequency reuse schemes proposed in the literature for WiMAX cellular systems. Th ese schemes are conceived to reduce intercell interference, especially at cell edges, and include the classical reuse three scheme in addition to novel hybrid frequency allocation schemes. Th ese later defi ne a mix of reuse one at cell centers and reuse three at cell edges, or a power/frequency scheduling that consists in allocating all available frequencies to each cell with power control to reduce interference at cell edge. Our results compare these schemes and show that the power/frequency scheduling scheme outperforms all other ones by confi ning intercell interference and optimally using frequency resources.
Electromagnetic Lifting Control System Based on BAS+PID Algorithm

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, considering the characteristics of the electromagnetic force of the lifting electromagnet in actual production work, a novel electromagnetic force control system for the lifting electromagnet is studied. Based on the Beetle Antennae Search Algorithm (BAS), combined with traditional PID control, the size and direction of the excitation current are controlled in real time by adjusting the IGBT turn-on sequence and turn-on time to achieve rapid adjustment of the magnitude and direction of the electromagnetic force. The simulation experimental results show that if adding the BAS + PID controller, the excitation current overshoot of the system is smaller, the response speed is faster, and the steady-state accuracy is higher. The controller can better meet the working requirements of the lifting electromagnet.
Adaptive Lookup Protocol for Two-Tier VANET/P2P Information Retrieval Services

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Intelligent transportation system (ITS) services have attracted significant attention in recent years. To support ITS services, architecture is required to retrieve information and data from moving vehicles and roadside facilities in an efficient manner. A two-tier system that integrates low-tier vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) and a high-tier infrastructure-based peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay, which can achieve a high lookup success rate and low lookup latency for information retrieval, has been developed. However, conventional information lookups in the two-tier VANET/P2P system may introduce extra lookup messages and latencies because the lookup queries are simultaneously performed over the VANET/P2P networks. This paper proposes an adaptive lookup protocol for the two-tier VANET/P2P system to improve the efficiency of information retrieval. The proposed protocol uses a Bloom filter, which is a space-efficient data structure, to collect reachability information of road segments; therefore, adaptive routing of queries between low- and high-tier networks according to reachability probability can be employed. Simulations based on the SUMO traffic simulator and QualNet network simulator demonstrate that compared with the conventional two-tier lookup mechanism, the adaptive lookup protocol can reduce the lookup latency by 12%, reduce the P2P lookup overhead by 20%-33%, and achieve a high success rate in information lookups.
SEGMENTAL EXTRAGENITAL LICHEN SCLEROSUS ET ATROPHICANS - A RARE ENTITY.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Lichen Sclerosus Et Atrophicans is a disease entity belonging to the group of sclerotic atrophies. Segmental distribution of Lichen Sclerosus Et Atrophicans is a rare presentation. Here we report a case of segmental lichen sclerosus et atrophicans. :We report this case in view of its Summary extragenital presentation involving the trunk with unilateral distribution in zosteriform pattern which is a rare entity
Coronary artery aneurysms associated with ascending aortic aneurysms and abdominal aortic aneurysms: Pathophysiologic implications

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) are seen in 1–5% of angiograms. Aneurysmal coronary disease has been thought to be a variant of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) in most patients, but this has not been systematically studied. Methods To better understand the pathophysiology of CAA, we reviewed the cardiac catheterization films of 403 patients with ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms and 74 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) who underwent surgery for their aortic aneurysms at our institution. Coronary aneurysms had diameters 1.5‐fold that of a reference segment. Results The incidences of CAA in patients with ascending aneurysms and AAA were 17% and 16% respectively ( P = 0.92). CAAs in the ascending group were larger (mean diameter 5.9 vs. 5.0 mm, P = 0.12) with larger reference vessel size (3.1 vs. 2.6 mm, P = 0.03). CAAs in the patients with ascending aneurysms were less likely to be CAD‐associated within the same vessel (12% vs. 75%, P < 0.001). This difference remained significant after controlling for the presence of generalized CAD. No other differences in CAAs between the two groups were found. Within the ascending aneurysm group, the only clinical variable independently associated with CAA was bicuspid aortic valve (OR 0.47, 95% confidence interval 0.25–0.89, P = 0.02). The majority of patients with CAA in the ascending aortic aneurysm population did not have CAD or any other previously identified cause of CAA. Conclusions There is a high incidence of CAA in patients with aortic aneurysms. In patients with ascending aortic aneurysms there is likely a mechanism distinct from CAD that causes CAAs. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predicting Student Academic Performance

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The biggest challenge in nurturing an academic community is encouraging knowledge sharing among its members. Literature on communities, however, has paid less attention on the role of outcome expectations in encouraging the knowledge sharing behaviors. This study examines the effects of Personal Outcome Expectations (POE) and Community-related Outcome Expectations (COE) on the knowledge sharing behaviors of students and its consequent impact on their academic performance. In order to study these relationships a survey of university students was conducted. Based on structural equation modeling approach, it was found that COE have significant impact on knowledge sharing among the students.
Does premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affect the lifestyle of adolescent/young college students?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Abstract Objectives Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) commonly affects adolescent and young women in educational settings, making it an important public health issue. Lifestyle is one of the essential subjects in health. This study assesses how PMS affects the lifestyle of young and adolescent students. Methods This analytical cross-sectional study utilized a multi-stage cluster sampling method to recruit 450 students from various faculties at Babol University of Medical Sciences. The data collection instruments were self-administered questionnaires that captured variables related to demographics, fertility, anthropometry, premenstrual symptoms screening tool (PSST), and health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLP). All instruments were completed by the student participants. For all statistical analyses, the threshold for significance was set at p<0.05. Results The results of this study showed that a significant percentage (81.1 %) experienced severe symptoms of PMS. The total lifestyle score was significantly higher in the non-PMS group (131.01 vs. 124.03, p=0.002). A significant negative correlation was reported between lifestyle scores and PSST (r=−0.236, p<0.001). On multiple regression analysis, the income satisfaction (β=−9.644, p=0.007) and PSST (β=−4.142, p=0.070) acted as negative predictors of lifestyle. On the other hand, dissatisfaction with income adequacy and PSST indicated a lower level of lifestyle. Conclusions PMS had a tremendous impact on students’ lifestyles. On the other hand, students who had PMS also had lower lifestyles. These results can help health policymakers to provide appropriate intervention strategies to reduce the severity of PMS and promote healthier lifestyles.
Evaluation of arterial hypertension control in family practice in Slovenia

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: We performed a study on almost 20,000 Slovene patients with arterial hypertension (AH) to evaluate age- and gender-dependent blood pressure control, differences in the rate of AH control in the period 2002–2008, and to validate a potential impact of selected quality indicators on blood pressure control. Methods: The study was conducted as a part of the “Quality of Healthcare in Slovenia” project, in agreement with the National Medical Ethics Committee of the Republic of Slovenia. Appropriate statistical analyses were performed and the results evaluated. Results: Arterial hypertension control was relatively high (55.8 %, 95 % CI: 55.1–56.5) in the period 2002–2008 and improved significantly during that period. Based on our statistical model, the improved AH control in year 2006 compared to 2002 is particularly due to lower initial blood pressure values before treatment. Uncontrolled AH was largely attributed to uncontrolled systolic blood pressure. We found positive association between AH control and the frequency of blood pressure control in less than six-month time intervals. Conclusions: According to our results, AH control in family practice in Slovenia is relatively high compared to other European countries, but the results refer only to patients visiting their family medicine physicians.
High-Throughput Screening of Streptomyces virginiae Strains Using Microtiter Plates for the High-Titer Production of Virginiamycin

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Normally, cultivation of most Streptomyces species for the purpose of mutant-screening is an arduous process, needing a large amount of material. Moreover, the quantitative analysis of corresponding metabolites is done using HPLC, which is both expensive and time-consuming, and hence not ideal for screening of large numbers of isolates. A novel two-step high-throughput screening strategy has been designed to efficiently identify high-titer virginiamycin-producing mutants of Streptomyces virginiae. The high-throughput screening strategy described here can be used to cultivate a large number of mutant S. virginiae strains in 24-well deep-well microtiter plates and rapidly evaluate a large number of strains with varying virginiamycin titers. This is done based on the cylinder-plate bioassay method using Micrococcus luteus CMCC (B) 28001 as an indicator without compromising the accuracy. After one round of microwave-mediated mutagenesis, S. virginiae strain number 74 identified from nearly 1244 isolates, was shown to have the highest titer. The titer of virginiamycin was approximately 61.26 ± 2.53 mg/L, which is nearly three times compared to the value for the parent strain. Thus, this approach holds promise in facilitating the screening of high-titer virginiamycin producing strains.
CONCEPTS, INTENTIONS AND MATERIAL OBJECTS. SOME COMMENTS ON EVNINE’S PROPOSAL IN MAKING OBJECTS AND EVENTS

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract In this paper I present and critically discuss Simon Evnine’s account of hylomorphically complex objects (as presented in his 2016 book Making Objects and Events). On the one hand, I object to the account he gives of how artifacts (which are for him the paradigmatic cases of hylomorphically complex objects) allegedly acquire their existence and identity conditions. I elaborate on two problems I see for this account: first, that it seems unable to explain our knowledge of the kinds to which artifacts belong; second, that it cannot offer a plausible solution to the grounding problem for coincident objects. I also object to the way in which he tries to adapt the sort of account he gave for artifacts to the case of organisms (in my view this fails because both cases are dissimilar at crucial points), and finally I also object to his attempt to extend that account, in a fictional way, to the case of natural non-organic objects (as I try to show, both his arguments to the effect that there are no such objects, and his positive fictionalist proposal to account for our talk about them, are flawed).
Assessing significance of peripheral blood indicators for differential diagnosis and prognosis of thrombotic complications in polycythemia vera and secondary erythrocytosis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The aim of the study – determining of changes in peripheral blood (PB) in patients with secondary erythrocytosis (SE) and polycythemia vera (PV), detection of discriminatory parameters levels of PB indicators and analyzing of their operating characteristics for differentiation of erythrocytosis and predicting of thrombotic events in patients with PV. Materials and methods. The material for the study was the results of clinical trials of 210 patients with erythrocytosis who underwent differential diagnosis between PV and SE. Results and discussion. The optimal threshold for differential diagnosis of red blood cells content between PV and SE is >6.08•1012/ L, the diagnostic value of the marker equals to the level of a good diagnostic marker (AUC=0.82; 95% CI=0.77-0.87, p <0.0001). Hematocrit threshold is >57.5% with its capacity – 0.72 (0.66-0.78, p <0.0001), that corresponds to the level of a middle diagnostic marker. The most pathognomonic section of white blood cells (WBC) to differentiate erythrocytosis is >8.9•109/L, and the boundary of marker is consistent with a good level of efficiency (AUC=0.79, 95% CI=0.72-0.84, p<0.0001). The efficiency criterion "platelets >287•109 /L" to differentiate erythrocytosis is 0.90 (0.86-0.94, p <0.0001).The predicting effectiveness of cardiovascular events with help of criterion "hematocrit >55%" and "WBC >12.3•109 /L", according to the AUC (AUC=0.65; 95% CI=0.52-0.79, p=0.021 and AUC=0.66; 95% CI=0.55-0.77, p=0.003, respectively), corresponds to the average power level. Conclusion. Hemoglobin has not confirmed its value for the differential diagnosis between PV and SE. Using other parameters of PB with the aim of differentiating PV and SE is rational, but their discriminatory power levels greatly depend on the group erythrocytosis. In our cohort were obtained the following most appropriate criteria for inclusion of patients in the group of patients with PV: "WBC >8.9•109/L", "red blood cells >6.08•1012/L" and "hematocrit >57.5%". The most significant marker of general clinical blood test to differentiate between PV and SE is "platelets >287•109/L". Hematocrit over 55% and WBC over 12.3•109/L are valuable prognostic markers of thrombosis in PV patients, but their use is appropriate only in a cohort of patients with PV without classical factors of cardiovascular events.
Tenocytes, Phenotypes, Biomarkers and Functions: Roles in Bioartificial Tendons

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Tendons are designed to transmit the force of muscle contraction to bone, but they can also be positional or power structures. A sheath, where present and a surface paratenon are repositories for blood vessels and nerves. These structures penetrate inward to the epitenon, then endotenon and finally fascicle bundles. Each anatomic layer is replete with a tenocyte population distinct from the other group (Banes et al., 1998). Tenocyte surface cells (TSCs) differ from internal tenocytes (TIFs) that integrate with collagen fibrils and fascicles. TSCs are more stellate and spread, secrete fibronectin and PG4 (lubricin) and, as determined by gene array, have a different transcriptome from TIFs (Banes et al., 2004). TIFs are more spindle shaped, make collagen and are intimate with fibrils. Biomarkers for tendon are few compared to those for bone and cartilage, but recently, scleraxis (Scx), a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, and tenomodulin (TNMD), driven by Scx, have been identified with tendon development (Schweitzer et al., 2001). No concordance on TNMD function has been reached, but mature as well as developing TSCs and TIFs express TNMD. A TNMD KO mouse showed a mild collagen phenotype with larger, but less well organized fibrils, decreased cell proliferation, but no other problems (Docheva et al., 2005).