jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Time-dependent high-energy gamma-ray signal from accelerated particles in core-collapse supernovae: the case of SN 1993J

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Some core-collapse supernovae are likely to be efficient cosmic ray accelerators up to the PeV range, and therefore, to potentially play an important role in the overall Galactic cosmic ray population. The TeV gamma-ray domain can be used to study particle acceleration in the multi-TeV and PeV range. This motivates the study of the detectability of such supernovae by current and future gamma-ray facilities. The gamma-ray emission of core-collapse supernovae strongly depends on the level of the two-photon annihilation process: high-energy gamma-ray photons emitted at the expanding shock wave following the supernova explosion can interact with soft photons from the supernova photosphere through the pair production channel, thereby strongly suppressing the flux of gamma-rays leaving the system. In the case of SN 1993J, whose photospheric and shock-related parameters are well measured, we calculate the temporal evolution of the expected gamma-ray attenuation by accounting for the temporal and geometrical effects. We find the attenuation to be of about 10 orders of magnitude in the first few days after the supernova explosion. The probability of detection of a supernova similar to SN 1993J with the Cherenkov Telescope Array is highest if observations are performed either earlier than 1 d, or later than 10 d after the explosion, when the gamma-ray attenuation decreases to about two orders of magnitude.
One-Pot\nTo Synthesize Multifunctional Carbon Dots for Near Infrared Fluorescence\nImaging and Photothermal Cancer Therapy

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

It\nis an emerging focus to develop a simple and straightforward strategy\nto synthesize multifunctional nanomedicines for cancer imaging and\ntreatment. In this work, a new carbon dot (named CyCD) with intrinsic\ntheranostic properties was prepared from a hydrophobic cyanine dye\n[2-((<i>E</i>)-2-((<i>E</i>)-2-chloro-3-((<i>E</i>)-2-(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,3-dimethylindolin-2-ylidene)\nethylidene)­cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)­vinyl)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,3-dimethyl-3H-indol-1-ium\niodide, CyOH] and poly­(ethylene glycol) (PEG800) via a simple solvothermal\nprocess. The as-prepared CyCD is well dispersed in water media with\nan average diameter of 2.9 ± 0.5 nm; it possesses favorable hydrophilicity\nand excellent photostability. More importantly, the strong absorption\nand near-IR (NIR) emission within the range from 600 to 900 nm, along\nwith preferential uptake at tumors and high photothermal conversion\nefficiency (η = 38.7%), facilitate CyCD to act as an ideal theranostic\nagent for NIR fluorescent imaging and photothermal therapy in vitro\nand in vivo. This work highlights theranostic CDs as an excellent\ncandidate for efficient cancer imaging and therapy.
New instrument for banding of the pulmonary artery for ventricular septal defect.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Role of the Forensic Science Laboratory-Walls MEDICBALJOURNAL 97(3) The part of the body from which a blood sample is taken should be stated.Portal vein blood, for example, will normally contain a higher concentration of the compounds sought than blood from other parts of the body.This fact has the double consequence that blood from another part of the body is preferable, and that calculations based on an unknowing analysis of * .' , . . .
Exploring the Cytotoxic Effects of the Extracts and Bioactive Triterpenoids from Dillenia indica against Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Scientific Interpretation and Validation of Indigenous Knowledge

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Triterpenoids are ubiquitously distributed secondary metabolites, primarily scrutinized as a source of medication and preventive measures for various chronic diseases. The ease of isolation and excellent pharmacological properties of triterpenoids are notable reasons behind the exponential rise of extensive research on the bioactive triterpenoids over the past few decades. Herein, we attempted to explore the anticancer potential of the fruit extract of the ethnomedicinal plant Dillenia indica against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and have exclusively attributed the efficacy of the extracts to the presence of two triterpenoids, namely, betulinic acid (BA) and koetjapic acid (KA). Preliminary in vitro screening of both BA and KA unveiled that the entities could impart cytotoxicity and induce apoptosis in OSCC cell lines, which were further well-supported by virtual screening based on ligand binding affinity and molecular dynamic simulations. Additionally, the aforementioned metabolites could significantly modulate the critical players such as Akt/mTOR, NF-κB, and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways involved in the regulation of important hallmarks of cancer like cell survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The present findings provide insight and immense scientific support and integrity to a piece of indigenous knowledge. However, in vivo validation is a requisite for moving to clinical trials and developing it as a commercial drug.
Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in Nigeria

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The study ascertained the effect of government expenditure on the economic growth of Nigeria. Specifically, the study assessed the effect of government capital expenditure, government recurrent expenditure and total government expenditure on the real gross domestic product of Nigeria. This study adopted an ex-post-facto research design. The data required for this study were collected from secondary sources, primarily from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin, and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The key variables for which data were collected include government capital expenditure, government recurrent expenditure, and the real GDP of Nigeria. This study relies on time-series data covering the period from 1999 to 2023. Descriptive statistics was employed to summarize the key characteristics of the data. The primary method of test of hypotheses was the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression technique. The study found that: government capital expenditure has a negative but non-significant effect on the real GDP of Nigeria, government recurrent expenditure has a positive but non-significant effect on the real GDP of Nigeria, total government expenditure has a positive and non-significant effect on the real GDP of Nigeria. In conclusion, the current structure or implementation of government spending may not be effectively aligned with mechanisms that drive sustained economic output. The study recommends that the Federal Ministry of Finance, Budget and National Planning should improve the planning, execution, and monitoring of capital projects to ensure that funds allocated for infrastructure and development projects are efficiently utilized and produce measurable economic impact.
Public Finance Aspects of Transport Charging and Investments

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This chapter addresses three aspects of the pricing and financing of transport infrastructure. First, the chapter will analyze the optimal pricing and investment of transport infrastructure and take a normative approach and propose cost benefit rules to assess investments together with the way they are funded. Second, the chapter will survey the specific problems that arise when local governments have responsibility for transport infrastructure and pricing: tax exporting, spillovers, etc. Third, the chapter will take a political economy stance and look at issues like lobbying, earmarking and bureaucratic influences.
Supplier selection model with incomplete cost information

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

We analyze a scenario where a buyer procures capacity from one or more suppliers in the presence of demand uncertainty. The buyer does not have information of suppliers' production cost function but assumes it is sampled from a known probability distribution. The supplier, of course, has knowledge of its own cost function but like the buyer does not have information on other suppliers' cost function. Under this scenario we explicitly derive suppliers' capacity reservation price, which is a function of their capacity, amount of capacity reserved by the buyer and other parameters. The buyer's decisions are how much capacity to reserve and from how many suppliers. Under certain conditions we develop solutions and show that the model is robust to the number of suppliers from whom capacity is procured through reservation. When the parameters of demand distribution changes the supply base is likely to remain more or less the same.
APPLICATION OF ADAPTIVE MODELS FOR FORECASTING A NET SALES

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

У статті розкрито сутність адаптивних моделей прогнозування, надано їх класифікацію, зазначена важливість застосування даних методів для коротко- та середньострокового прогнозування соціально-економічних процесів. Авторами на основі статистичних даних за 16 періодів (з 2002р. по 2017р.) розроблено короткостроковий прогноз рівня чистого доходу від реалізації продукції (товарів, робіт, послуг) ПрАТ «Полтавамаш» за допомогою адаптивних моделей Брауна, Хольта та Хольта-Вінтерса. Всі розрахунки проводилися у табличному редакторі Microsoft Excel. У статті також розкрито алгоритм побудови адаптивних моделей Брауна, Хольта та Хольта-Вінтерса для розрахунку прогнозних значень чистого доходу від реалізації продукції (товарів, робіт, послуг) (тис.грн) ПрАТ «Полтавамаш» на 2018-2020 роки у MS Excel. Усі моделі перевірені на адекватність та є адекватними до статистичних даних. З результатів розрахунків прогнозних значеннь чистого доходу від реалізації продукції (товарів, робіт, послуг) ПрАТ «Полтавамаш», отриманних за допомогою адаптивних моделлей Брауна, Хольта та Хольта Вінтерса видно, що вони відрізняються, це підтверджує доцільність комплексного використання зазначених моделей.
Effect of lipid surface charges on the purple-to-blue transition of bacteriorhodopsin.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Purple membrane (lambda max = 568 nm) can be converted to blue membrane (lambda max = 605 nm) by either acid titration or deionization. Partially delipidated purple membrane, containing only 25% of the initial lipid phosphorus, could be converted to a blue form by acid titration but not by deionization. This reversible transition of delipidated membrane did not require the presence of other cations, and the pK of the color change that in native membrane under similar conditions is between 3.0 and 4.0 was shifted to 1.4. We conclude that the purple-to-blue transition is controlled by proton concentration only and that, in native membranes, the cations act only by raising the low surface pH generated by the acidic groups of the lipids. The observation that extraction of lipids from deionized native membrane converts its color from blue to purple further confirms this conclusion. The two states of the membrane probably reflect two preferred conformations of bacteriorhodopsin, which are controlled by protonation changes at the surface of the membrane and differ slightly in the spatial distribution of charges around the chromophore.
The Argive Festival of Hera and Euripides’ Electra

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The chorus of peasant girls in the Electra makes its entrance to inform Electra of the forthcoming celebration of the Heraea , the festival of Hera at Argos, and to invite her participation. The brief allusion to the festival of Hera in the Electra is innovative and surprising, but it is only a minor disturbance in a play which rattles tradition in a host of other and more obvious ways. In Euripides, Electra's refusal may be self-imposed, but it should not be construed only as a " subtle and deliberate suggestion of false self-pity". Euripides' ironical innovation in creating a married Electra, while, at the same time, preserving her traditional status of virgin, makes her a still greater social misfit, and only increases her bitterness and frustration. The Argives have proclaimed the forthcoming sacrifice to be performed in honor of Hera, and the maidens are gathering to participate in the festive dance.
Das Recht zu Atmen

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract: In Dostoevsky, the question of justice is not only posed as a legal or moral question but also, on a more fundamental level, as a question of a human being’s right to live, its raison d’être. This article will interpret the central notion of justice in Dostoevsky in the conceptual framework of the theory of recognition as it is put forward in Hegel’s early Jenaer Realphilosophie.
Photographs of Alien Weaponry

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Performance of Alien Weaponry (Lewis de Jong, Henry de Jong and Ethan Trembath) at the Battle of the Bands finals, The Kings Arms, Auckland, taken 1 August 2015 by Wendy Collings
Arrangement: Files were originally delivered to the Library within a digital folder called 20150801_BOTB_Alien_Weaponry
Quantity: 10 digital photograph(s).
New Drug: Inclisiran for hypercholesterolaemia

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Inclisiran is a small interfering ribonucleic acid injection, approved to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in adults with hypercholesterolaemia or atherosclerosis, or at high risk of cardiovascular disease, who are on a maximum tolerated dose of a statin or are statin-intolerant.
Developing the Reflective Healthcare Team Tony Ghaye Developing the Reflective Healthcare TeamFirstBlackwell234£22.5014051059171405105917

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The book tackles an important issue for the NHS and one which does not receive enough attention. While there are a range of initiatives that focus on individual development such as appraisals, personal development plans and the Knowledge and Skills Framework, there is often less focus on how to develop the teams that the individuals work in. The book proposes a model for team development to enhance the performance of the teams and the individuals within them.
Design Concepts forHigh-Voltage, Variable-Capacit ance,

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

50OMW~~~~~~~ at±IIk, odt.1. V-CFUNDIMENTALS AND SIMULATION MODEL Thecostofanoffshore windfarmoperating withHVDC transmission (2,8,10)couldpotentially bereduced bytheA.Fundamentals direct generation ofHVDC powerasopposed tothemore Thelowpowerdensity ofelectrostatic machines within conventional approachof generator-transformer-rectifier conventional applications, whencompared toelectromagnetic
Adherence to colorectal cancer screening and healthcare resource utilization: a longitudinal analysis in Medicare beneficiaries aged 66–75 years

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In Medicare beneficiaries at average risk, adherence to CRC screening was low, although the rate might be underestimated due to lack of early Medicare data. The link between HCRU and screening status suggests that screening initiatives independent of clinical visits may be needed to reach unscreened or inadequately screened individuals.
Off‐Stoichiometric Thiol‐Ene Chemistry to Dendritic Nanogel Therapeutics

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract A novel platform of dendritic nanogels is herein presented, capitalizing on the self‐assembly of allyl‐functional polyesters based on dendritic‐linear‐dendritic amphiphiles followed by simple cross‐linking with complementary monomeric thiols via UV initiated off‐stoichiometric thiol‐ene chemistry. The facile approach enabled multigram creation of allyl reactive nanogel precursors, in the size range of 190–295 nm, being readily available for further modifications to display a number of core functionalities while maintaining the size distribution and characteristics of the master batch. The nanogels are evaluated as carriers of a spread of chemotherapeutics by customizing the core to accommodate each individual cargo. The resulting nanogels are biocompatible, displaying diffusion controlled release of cargo, maintained therapeutic efficacy, and decreased cargo toxic side effects. Finally, the nanogels are found to successfully deliver pharmaceuticals into a 3D pancreatic spheroids tumor model.
Bioconversion Of Oranges Wastes For Pectinase Production Using Aspergillus Niger Under Solid State Fermentation

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The influence of cultivation factors such as content of ammonium sulfate, glucose and water in the culture medium and particle size of dry orange waste, on their bioconversion for pectinase production was studied using complete factorial design. A polygalacturonase (PG) was isolated using ion exchange chromatography under gradient elution 0-0,5 m/l NaCl (column equilibrate with acetate buffer pH 4,5), subsequently by sephadex G75 column chromatography was applied and the molecular weight was obtained about 51,28 KDa. Purified PG enzyme exhibits a pH and temperature optima of activity at 5 and 35°C respectively. Treatment of apple juice by purified enzyme extract yielded a clear juice, which was competitive with juice yielded by pure Sigma Aldrich Aspergillus niger enzyme.
A Greek State in Formation: The Origins of Civilization in Mycenaean Pylos. Jack L. Davis, with contributions by Sharon R. Stocker. 2022. University of California Press, Oakland. xxiv + 127 pp. $34.95 (paperback), ISBN 978-0-52038-724-9. Open access (e-book), ISBN 978-0-520-38725-6, https://luminosoa.org/site/books/m/10.1525/luminos.121/.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A Greek State in Formation: The Origins of Civilization in Mycenaean Pylos. Jack L. Davis, with contributions by Sharon R. Stocker. 2022. University of California Press, Oakland. xxiv + 127 pp. $34.95 (paperback), ISBN 978-0-52038-724-9. Open access (e-book), ISBN 978-0-520-38725-6, https://luminosoa.org/site/books/m/10.1525/luminos.121/.
Tinea infection histologically simulating eosinophilic pustular folliculitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A biopsy taken from an annular eruption on the thigh of an infant boy showed features of Ofuji's eosinophilic pustular folliculitis, yet fungal hyphae were demonstrated in the lesion. This ease is reported to illustrate that tinea infection can simulate eosinophilic pustular folliculitis histologically.
Intermediate hosts of schistosoma mansoni in Brazil

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

The Brazilian planorbidical chart is slowly but progressively been increased by new data. Distribution of vector species of Schistosoma mansoni, according to Paraense, 1986, may be thus resumed: Biomphalaria glabrata--delimited by parallels 13 and 21 degrees S and meridians 39 and 45 degrees W, area of greater dominance (Southeast Bahia, oriental hal of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo). It is observed along the coast line of the states of Sergipe, Alagoas, Pernambuco, Paraiba and Rio Grande do Norte. Starting from there, it is found towards the southwest, in the direction to the São Francisco River and South-Center of Minas Gerais. Isolated population may be observed in other states. Its presence is probably, associated to the transmission of schistosomiasis in all areas where it occurs. B. tenagophila--extends it self through a wide strip of coast-line from the South of Bahia (17 degrees 45'S; 39 degrees 15'W), RS (33 degrees 41'S, 53 degrees 27'W). In São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul states it is found further inland. It is important in schistosomiasis transmission in the Paraiba valley (SP). Isolated populations are observed in the Federal District and Minas Gerais state. B. straminea--better adapter species to climatic variation, having a more dense distribution in the northeast (41 degrees W and 110 degrees S), south of Bahia and northeast of Minas Gerais (150 and 180 degrees S, 400 and 440 degrees W). It is less susceptible than the B. glabrata, being however, the most important responsible for the transmission of S. mansoni in the northeast, chiefly in the northeastern dry area, where it is almost the only transmissive species.
Hypervalent iodine promoted ortho diversification: 2-aryl benzimidazole, quinazoline and imidazopyridine as directing templates

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

(Diacetoxyiodo)benzene (PIDA) promoted Pd-catalyzed efficient ortho C(sp2)–H acetoxylation, arylation, iodination and nitration are achieved using (NH)-free 2-substituted benzimidazole, quinazoline and imidazopyridine as chelating substrates.
Gephyrin and CYP2C9 Genetic Polymorphisms in Patients with Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Hamdy N El-Tallawy,1 Sawsan Abuhamdah,2,3 Ahmed Y Nassar,4 Wafaa MA Farghaly,1 Tahia H Saleem,4 Sara A Atta,4 Ayat A Sayed,4 Amal M Tohamy,1 Mohammed H Hassan5 1Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; 2Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; 3Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; 4Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; 5Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, EgyptCorrespondence: Mohammed H Hassan Email mohammedhosnyhassaan@med.svu.edu.egPurpose: Gephyrin (GPHN) is an essential protein in the regulation of inhibitory postsynaptic density and polymorphism in the corresponding gene may have a role in the development of pharmacoresistant epilepsy (PRE). For the first time, we aimed to evaluate the association of rs928553T/C variants with PRE susceptibility. Moreover, we have analyzed the genetic polymorphism affecting CYP2C9 “rs12782374G/A” in the same population to detect the effect of SNP on the drug-metabolizing ability of patients with PRE.Patients and Methods: This case-control study enrolled 100 patients (group A) and 100 healthy, age and sex-matched controls, unrelated to patients (group B). TaqMan™ assays using real-time PCR were run for genotyping of rs928553T/C and rs12782374G/A in all participants.Results: GPHN T>C polymorphism revealed significant risk association with occurrence of PRE using dominant, recessive and codominant models as follows: TT vs (TC+CC): OR 0.23, 95%CI: 0.13– 0.43, P< 0.001. In addition, (TT+TC vs CC): OR 0.38, 95%CI: 0.18– 0.77, P< 0.001. Also, T vs C (OR 0.34, 95%CI: 0.22– 0.51, P=< 0.001). Similarly, CYP2C9 G>A polymorphism showed a significant increased risk of PRE (GG vs (GA+AA): OR 0.11, 95%CI: 0.05– 0.23, P< 0.001). Furthermore, (GG+GA vs AA): OR 0.18, 95%CI: 0.084– 0.39, P< 0.001. Also, G vs A (OR 0.24, 95%CI: 0.15– 0.366, P=< 0.001).Conclusion: Mutation of both GPHN (rs928553) and CYP2C9 (rs1278237) genes may be implicated as a genetic mediators of resistance in patients with PRE.Keywords: pharmacoresistant epilepsy, rs928553T/C, rs12782374G/A, real time-PCR