jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Surface Energy Powered Processes upon Drop Coalescence

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

<p>Surface energy-powered motion is useful for a variety of autonomous functions such as passive cooling and self-cleaning, where independence from external forces is highly desirable. Drop coalescence offers a convenient process to release surface energy, which can be harvested to power self-propelled fluid motion. </p><p>On superhydrophobic surfaces, out-of-plane jumping motion spontaneously results from drop coalescence. However, less than 4\\% of the released surface energy is converted to useful kinetic energy giving rise to the jumping motion. Using three-dimensional interfacial flow simulations that are experimentally validated, we elucidate the mechanism of low energy conversion efficiency. The non-wetting substrate interferes with the expanding liquid bridge between the coalescing drops at a relatively late stage, forcing a small fraction of the merged drop to "bounce" back from the non-wetting substrate. The substrate breaks the symmetry of surface energy release, leading to self-propelled jumping that is perpendicular to the solid substrate. The intercepting substrate imparts a relatively small translational momentum on the overall merged drop, giving rise to a small energy conversion efficiency. </p><p>This mechanistic understanding has provided guidance on how to increase the energy conversion efficiency by changing the geometry of the intercepting solid surface, e.g. to a pillared substrate which has additional intercepting planes, or to a cylindrical fiber which interferes with the coalescence process at a much earlier stage. These topographical changes have already led to a 10-fold increase in energy conversion efficiency. The directional control of surface energy-powered motion is achieved by breaking the symmetry of oscillations induced by drop coalescence, such as by adding additional intercepting planes on pillared substrates. The work has applications ranging from self-sustained dropwise condensers, drop coalescers to ballistospore discharge in some fungi species in nature. </p><p> The ballistospore discharge process is powered by surface energy released from the coalescence between a spherical Buller's drop and an adaxial drop on the spore. The disturbance to the adaxial drop from coalescing Buller's drop results in the capillary-inertial oscillations of the liquid system. The oscillations redirect the mass and momentum transfer and yields a tensile force along the adaxial direction with negligible momentums in other directions, ensuring the preferable launching along the adaxial direction. The findings offer insights for applications of biomimicry involving self-propelled jumping with payloads which takes advantage of the high power density of the process.</p>
Effect of hydrogen peroxide treatment on the mercerized wool fabrics dyeing properties

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

According to contrast the mercerized wool fabric which has been treated with hydrogen peroxide and untreated wool fabric,it researched on the change of the whiteness,dyeing properties and mechanics properties when the mercerized wool and untreated wool have been treated,then discussed the treatment effect by hydrogen peroxide and the reason of wool's properties change after mercerizing.The results showed that the whiteness of the fabric ascended and the dyeing properties of the fabric was improved after being treated with hydrogen peroxide,at the same time,the intensity of the treated mercerized wool descended a little when dyeing.
[Paradoxical embolism of the aortic arch diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography. Surgical treatment].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The authors report the case of a woman who presented with a pulmonary embolism followed by systemic embolism. Transoesophageal echocardiography showed a persistent foramen ovale compatible with a possible paradoxical embolism. In addition, a mobile embolism in the aortic arch was demonstrated. This embolism was extracted under cardiopulmonary bypass to avoid a recurrence of embolism. Transoesophageal echocardiography is the only reliable, non-invasive method allowing simultaneous diagnosis of a right to left shunt and visualisation of the thoracic aorta.
Memetic algorithms for inexact graph matching

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

The noise-robust matching of two graphs is a hard combinatorial problem with practical importance in several domains. In practical applications, a unique solution for a given instance can not be defined, i.e. the actual solution may be outscored by some other due to noise effects arising during feature extraction. Soft computing approaches in general provide fast but not necessarily globally optimal solutions. In this case, the lack of guarantee of the global optimum is not a real drawback, since the uncertainty already arises in the problem definition. This paper discusses the application of memetic algorithms on the error-correcting graph isomorphism problem. We show that permutation encoding is robust enough to allow addressing both, the matching problem for graphs of the same size, and the subgraph matching problem. Since gene order information is meaningless in this particular case, a strict position based crossover is applied providing better performance than the popular PMX. We evaluate our algorithm on a synthetic data set with larger graph sizes than used in traditional, exact approaches and other permutation-based genetic approaches.
Predicting tobacco risk factors by using social big data

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

본 연구는 국내의 블로그, 카페, SNS 등 인터넷을 통해 수집된 소셜 빅데이터를 데이터마이닝 분석 기법을 적용하여 우리나라 국민의 담배에 대한 위험요인을 예측하고자 하였다. 주요분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 온라인상에 '담뱃값인상'이 언급될 경우 담배에 대한 일반군 (negative)이 58.6%에서 74.8%로 증가하며, '폐암'이 언급될 경우 73.1%로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 담뱃값인상 이후 담배에 대한 위험군 (positive)은 5.6% 감소하고, 일반군은 6.1% 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 'FCTC, 담뱃값인상, 금연관련법, 흡연규제, 금연광고, 금연사업'과 관련된 정책이 온라인상에 많이 언급될수록 담배에 대한 위험군이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 '금연약, 금연패치, 금연껌'이 온라인 상에 언급될수록 담배에 대한 위험군이 감소하나, '전자담배와 보조제'가 온라인상에 언급될수록 담배에 대한 위험군을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. This study will predict risk factors associated with cigarettes in Korea by analyzing the social big data collected from the internet such as blogs, cafes, and SNSes in Korea, using data mining techniques. The key analysis results are as follows. First, when "raising cigarette price"is mentioned online, the negative group (i.e., the proportion of people holding negative views about smoking) increased from 58.6% to 74.8%, and when "lung cancer" is mentioned, it increased to 73.1%. Second, with regard to cigarettes in general, the positive group (i.e., the proportion of people holding positive views about smoking) decreased by 5.6% after the raising of cigarette prices, while the negative group increased by 6.1%. Third, when policies related to "FCTC, raising cigarette price, non-smoking laws, smoking regulations, non-smoking ads, and nonsmoking business" are more frequently mentioned online, the positive group tended to decrease. Finally, when "non-smoking drugs, non-smoking patches, and non-smoking gums" are more frequently mentioned online, the positive group tended to decrease. However, when "electronic cigarettes and supplements" are more frequently mentioned online, the positive group increased.
Comparing the effectiveness of social media endorsers for mass and luxury markets

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This research mobilises the social learning theory to investigate the impacts of the endorser type (celebrity, micro-influencer, and macro-influencer) in social media on purchase intent of a mass-market and a luxury perfume. Two studies were conducted. A total of 415 responses were collected from social media users, and data were analysed using partial least square structural equation modelling. Findings demonstrate that not only celebrities, but also macro-influencers are good endorsers of luxury perfumes. Indeed, their impact is as effective as that of celebrities in terms of meanings transfer and congruency. Micro-influencers, however, are more effective than celebrities when it comes to mass-market brands. In addition, for this category, the influence of macro-influencers is as strong as that of micro-influencers. Therefore, macro-influencers seem good endorsers for both luxury and mass-market perfumes. This study has important implications for both Marketing academicians and practitioners.
Transitive to cyclic dominance in eco-evolutionary dynamics of strategic species

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Eco-evolutionary game dynamics explores the intricate interplay between ecological processes and evolutionary strategies. Here we unveil various transition mechanisms from transitive dominance to cyclic dominance within ecological communities, using evolutionary game theory to model strategic interactions among species. Specifically, we choose a multigame framework that incorporates games that exhibit transitive and cyclic dominance. By integrating appropriate models for transitive dominance and cyclic dominance, and through rigorous numerical simulations and analytical approaches, we explore evolutionary game dynamics under varying conditions. We show that, under specific conditions, communities can change from a linear hierarchy, or transitive dominance, to a cyclical structure, or cyclic dominance, which significantly affects ecosystem community structures. We also show that not only game-independent factors, but also intrinsic game parameters can drive a transition from transitive dominance to cyclic dominance. More precisely, we show how changes in the probability of game selection can lead to this transition. Moreover, we demonstrate that even benefits arising from free space can facilitate the shift from transitive to cyclic dominance. Our study thus explores the mechanisms that drive transitions between these dominance patterns and, in so doing, we underscore the importance of multiple game dynamics for accurately describing the intricacies of natural ecosystems.
Systematic review of benefits and harms of artemisinin-type compounds for preventing schistosomiasis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To assess the benefits and harms of artemisinin-type compounds for preventing schistosomiasis. Method The quality of included randomised controlled trials with the people at risk of contacting schistosomiasis were evaluated and Meta-analysis was conducted. Results We found ten randamised controlled trials relating to our question. Of them, four trials were multi-centre studies, others were single centre studies. Numbers of participants in the trials ranged from 318 to 5 098, total 12,829. The total OR of 0.11 (95%CI 0.06 to 0.21) indicated that those who were administrated artemisinin-type compounds were significantly less infected with Schistosoma japonica than those who were administrated placebo. Conclusion Artemisinin-type compounds are effective drug for preventing Schistosomiasis japonica infection. Fifteen days interval schemes of artesunate and artemether be considered preferable to seven days interval scheme and were associated with very few side effects. More high quality controlled trials are required for assessing which scheme is the better. These studies should be large.
PENGARUH GENDER SEBAGAI PEMODERASI PADA HUBUNGAN ORIENTASI PASAR DAN KINERJA KEUANGAN

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study examined the effect of gender as moderating variable on relationship between market orientation and financial performance. Market orientation reflects the degree to which firms’ strategic market planning is driven by customer and competitor intelligence. Data was analyzed using Chow analysis. The results showed that market orientation has an effect on financial performance either in female or male–owned micro business. The study also shown that gender had moderating effect on relationship between market orientation and financial performance. Keywords: gender, market orientation, and financial performance.
Novel catalysts for upgrading coal-derived liquids. Quarterly technical progress report, 1 October 1993--31 December 1993

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The principal objective of this research is to evaluate the hydrotreatment properties of {gamma}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} supported Mo oxynitride and oxycarbide catalysts. This information will be used to assess the potential of these materials for use as commercial catalysts for hydrotreating coal-derived liquids. During this quarter, the authors evaluated the catalytic properties of a series of supported molybdenum nitride catalysts. These catalysts were prepared in the laboratory for comparison with the supported molybdenum oxynitrides. Pyridine hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) was used as the test reaction.
Liolaemus tandiliensis Vega, Bellagamba & Lobo 2008

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Liolaemus tandiliensis Vega, Bellagamba & Lobo Liolaemus tandiliensis Vega et al. 2008: 84 (type locality: Sierra Los Difuntos, Partido General Pueyrredon [37°53’30’’S, 57°50’30’’W], Buenos Aires Province, Argentina).
Research status and application of artificial intelligence large models in the oil and gas industry

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

This article elucidates the concept of large model technology, summarizes the research status of large model technology both domestically and internationally, provides an overview of the application status of large models in vertical industries, outlines the challenges and issues confronted in applying large models in the oil and gas sector, and offers prospects for the application of large models in the oil and gas industry. The existing large models can be briefly divided into three categories: large language models, visual large models, and multimodal large models. The application of large models in the oil and gas industry is still in its infancy. Based on open-source large language models, some oil and gas enterprises have released large language model products using methods like fine-tuning and retrieval augmented generation. Scholars have attempted to develop scenario-specific models for oil and gas operations by using visual/multimodal foundation models. A few researchers have constructed pre-trained foundation models for seismic data processing and interpretation, as well as core analysis. The application of large models in the oil and gas industry faces challenges such as current data quantity and quality being difficult to support the training of large models, high research and development costs, and poor algorithm autonomy and control. The application of large models should be guided by the needs of oil and gas business, taking the application of large models as an opportunity to improve data lifecycle management, enhance data governance capabilities, promote the construction of computing power, strengthen the construction of “artificial intelligence + energy” composite teams, and boost the autonomy and control of large model technology.
A rigorous UTD analysis of electromagnetic scattering from tapered resistive-loaded conducting strips

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The authors investigate a more accurate UTD (uniform theory of diffraction) solution to scattering from tapered resistive-loaded conducting strips using a rigorous formulation introduced by R.G. Rojas (1988) and H.C. Ly (1989). The resistive tapers are quantized into lambda /10 long discrete resistive strips for the UTD calculations. Backscatter predictions using the UTD formulation compare well with the MM calculations and experimental measurements.< >
Digital Transformation and High-Quality Development of Enterprises: Evidence from China

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The swift progression of digital technology is leading to substantial shifts and evolutions within enterprises. In the evolving environment characterized by the integration of digital technologies and the physical market, it's essential to examine the effects of digitalization on the path of enterprises towards attaining superior growth quality. This study utilizes panel data from A-share listed companies in China's equipment manufacturing sector, spanning from 2013 to 2021, to perform an empirical analysis on the influence and mechanisms of digital transformation in fostering the progress of these companies towards high-quality growth. The results reveal that digital transformation plays a significant role in promoting high-quality development among equipment manufacturing enterprises, and these results remain consistent after implementing various tests to mitigate endogeneity and confirm the findings' reliability. The examination of mechanisms suggests that digital transformation significantly contributes to the advancement of equipment manufacturing companies by alleviating financial constraints, improving internal control quality, and facilitating the integration of environmentally friendly innovation technologies. Moreover, the impact of digital transformation on elevating the quality of development within equipment manufacturing companies is notably more pronounced in privately-owned firms, those located in the eastern region, and businesses classified as high-tech. This highlights how the nature of ownership, geographical location, and technological classification further amplify the benefits of digital transformation for high-quality growth in the sector. These findings offer a theoretical basis for assessing the economic implications of enterprises' digital transformation and for shaping relevant governmental policies.
Additional file 1: Table S1. of Integrating interdisciplinary methodologies for One Health: goat farm re-implicated as the probable source of an urban Q fever outbreak, the Netherlands, 2009

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Attack rates and relative risks per potential source farm. Number of cases, number of total inhabitants, attack rates (AR) per 100,000 inhabitants, and relative risks (RR) per concentric 1Â km ring around each potential source farm A â Q. (XLS 29Â kb)
DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Kinetics after Exposure to Photons and Ions: A Systematic Review

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This study offers a review of published data on DNA double strand break (DSB) repair kinetics after exposure to ionizing radiation. By compiling a database, which currently includes 285 DNA DSB repair experiments utilizing both photons and ions, we investigate the impact of distinct experimental parameters on the kinetics of DNA DSB repair. Methodological differences and inconsistencies in reporting make the comparison of data generated by different research groups challenging. Nevertheless, by implementing filtering criteria, we can compare repair kinetics obtained with normal and tumor cells derived from human or animal tissues, as well as cells exposed to photons or ions ranging from hydrogen to iron ions. In addition, several repair curves of repair deficient cell lines were included. The study aims to provide researchers with a comprehensive overview of experimental factors that may confound results and emphasize the importance of precise reporting of experimental parameters. Moreover, we identify gaps in the literature that require attention in future studies, aiming to address clinically relevant questions related to radiotherapy. The database can be freely accessed at: https://github.com/weradstake/DRDNA.
Bidding and Prices in the AWS-3 Auction

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

The FCC’s AWS-3 spectrum auction raised revenues in excess of $44 billion—a new historic high. Our analysis demonstrates that the auction’s results largely line up with the bidding strategies one would expect of the top four bidders in this auction. In particular, the results demonstrate the high value AT&amp;T and Verizon, the two largest winners of paired broadband spectrum in the auction, have for mid-band AWS-3 spectrum. The auction results similarly demonstrate the premium AT&amp;T and Verizon attached to the availability of contiguous 20 MHz blocks of mid-band spectrum in the H+I blocks or the J block. Thus, AT&amp;T and Verizon’s own bidding strategies call into question their claims that the AWS-3 auction’s success somehow demonstrates the irrelevance of a pro-competitive spectrum reserve for the 600 MHz auction. If anything, the results in the AWS-3 auction reinforce the need for a pro-competitive spectrum reserve in an auction of low-band 600 MHz spectrum, for which smaller carriers will have a greater need. The motivation for the spectrum reserve in the 600 MHz (low-band) auction is unrelated to the outcome of the AWS-3 (mid-band) auction. Consistent with the national advertising campaigns of AT&amp;T and Verizon, the largest carriers enjoy a deep coverage advantage. This coverage advantage has been achieved in part with their dominant position in low-band spectrum. Low-band spectrum enables better coverage in difficult terrain, rural areas, and within buildings. AT&amp;T and Verizon benefit from this competitive
The Effect of Medicaid on Health Care Consumption of Young Adults

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Summary All states provide Medicaid until the age of 19 years. After 19 years, young adults may become ineligible for Medicaid. Using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, we find that the resulting loss of Medicaid coverage causes substantial changes to the level and composition of health care use. The total number of visits to health care providers falls by over 60%, two‐thirds of which is due to a decline in office visits. Expenditures, in particular inpatient expenditures, also appear to fall sharply. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Cluster Analysis of Physician’s Values, Prescribing Behaviour and Attitudes towards Firms’ Marketing Communications

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

In this paper, the authors present an exploratory research on the associations between physicians’ personal values with physicians’ prescribing criteria and preferred marketing communications. The research involved extant marketing research and primary data collection. The resulting quantitative research instrument was then administered to a sample of 69 physicians, yielding a 69% response rate. All but the demographic measures were tapped by 5-point scales and a series of factor and reliability analyses assessed unidimentionality and reliability of research constructs. A series of ANOVAs and Tukey tests depicted the differences among three clusters. Implications are that physicians’ personal values may be a meaningful basis of segmentation for the pharmaceutical market, and findings may be useful for both marketing strategy planners and researchers examining physicians’ prescription behavior and attitudes towards firms’ marketing communication efforts.
First Demonstration of Joint NOMA-PCS Coherent Passive Optical Networks Supporting Fixed-Rate and Flexible Fine-Grained Access

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

We demonstrate joint non-orthogonal multiple access probabilistic constellation shaping coherent passive optical network with 160-Gbps peak rate, supporting fixed-rate and flexible fine-grained access, while reducing 62.5% complexity in carrier phase recovery by a 2-stage method.