jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of different Trichoderma spp. and Fungicides against late blight of potato caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de-Bary

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The potato (Solanum tuberosum) is one of the most important vegetable crops in the world, belonging to the family solanaceae and is an important starchy food crop in both sub-tropical and temperate regions. Potato plants are subjected to attack by numerous diseases wherever the crop is grown. Among them, late blight of potato caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de-Bary is of major cause of concern in potato production at present. An experiment was conducted in the Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, C S A U A & T, Kanpur. During Rabi season 2016-17 to control. The antifungal activity of different fungicides was evaluated in-vitro through Food poison technique. The experimental finding showed that radial growth of mycelium of Phytophthora infestans was inhibited by fungicides over control. At 100 ppm, the minimum radial growth of mycelium was found in Equation Pro treatment as 5.3, 8.2, 11.4, 14.2, 16.2, 18.4 and 22.6 mm over control against 12.3, 19.1, 26.1, 35.9, 42.5, 51.4 and 64.8 mm at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 days after inoculation respectively. Similarly, 500 and 1000 ppm the minimum radial growth of mycelium was found in Equation Pro treatment. Efficacy of bio-control agents on the radial growth of Phytophthora infestans was evaluated using Dual Culture Methods. Among the different concentrations 1000 ppm was found most effective than 100 and 500 ppm. Among the different bio-agents, T. harzianum able to reduced maximum radial mycelial growth of fungus showing 4.6, 8.8, 10.1, 13.2, 15.6, 19.3 and 23.5 mm against 12.3, 19.1, 26.1, 35.9, 42.5, 51.4 and 64.8 mm at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 days after inoculation, respectively.
Estimation of the primary information flows intensities generated by subscribers of the internet of things

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

There is detailed the approaches to estimating the intensities of the primary information flows generated by subscribers with respect to a new information technology object - computer networks of things, to predict their development. The evaluation of the primary, from existing or potential subscribers, information load on the Internet of things is a prerequisite for the successful development of this relatively new object of information technology, in particular for the effective distribution of efforts to create information and telecommunications infrastructure. Assessing the total information power (performance) of software and hardware - the primary sources of information for the network, is a rather complicated task. The GDP is chosen as an indicator of the intensity of the overall information flow, which indirectly represents the volume of things (smart sensors and actuators) that can (potentially) generate an information load on the cyber physical network (Internet of things). This indicator (together with the PPP GDP, GNP, etc.) is calculated annually (that is, the unit of time in our task it is selected an year) for all countries whose subscribers can make up the computer network of things. As a subscriber for regional networks, sectors of the national economy can act as integrated sets of enterprises - generators of things. A model based on V.V. Leontyev model of interbranch balance is proposed. An assumption is made about a direct linear dependence of the amount of information generated by terminal devices and entering the network per unit of time on the number of things-terminals. Direct use to predict the development of the network, the existing official statistical reporting creates the danger of distorting the corresponding estimates. The proposed simple model takes into account the connections between subscribers of the network of things in the production process, which makes it possible to obtain more accurate than the classical (obtained directly from macroeconomic indicators) estimate of the intensity distribution of the primary information coming from the end devices. Table: 1. Refs:10 titles.
18 O/ 16 O isotopic separation in anodic tantala films by glow discharge time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Glow discharge mass spectrometry has been widely used for trace and ultra‐trace element analysis of high‐purity alloys. A novel pulsed radio frequency glow discharge time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer (rf GD TOFMS) has been developed that retains the pulsed radio frequency analytical ion source to provide ion signal enhancement due to processes involving Penning ionisation. A time‐resolved detection mode has been implemented to sample the afterglow regime of the pulse profile, corresponding to the highest ion signal intensities. Here, the performance of rf GD TOFMS in isotope differentiation is discussed. Anodic tantala films, comprising 18 O‐rich layers of controlled thicknesses and locations, were formed by appropriate combination of anodising of tantalum in electrolytes enriched with 18 O isotopes and of natural O isotopic abundance. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and radio frequency glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (rf GD OES) analyses were performed to examine the morphology and elemental distributions of the specimens, while the content of 18 O in the 18 O‐rich layers was determined by elastic recoil detection analysis(ERDA). In pulsed rf GD TOFMS analysis, characteristic ionic species formed in the glow discharge allows differentiation of 18 O‐rich layers. Particularly, the location of 18 O‐rich layers was determined from the 16 O 18 O and Ta 18 O ion signals at masses m / z 34 and 199, respectively. The locations of 18 O‐rich layers in anodic films, controlled by the selected anodising conditions, were probed precisely. The 18 O profiles in anodic tantala were directly compared with those obtained by dual beam time‐of‐flight SIMS. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supporting learning through tagging systems

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

With the advent of Web 2.0, new kinds of tools became available, which are not seen as novel anymore but are widely used. For instance, according to Eurostat data, in 2010 32% of individuals aged 16 to 74 used the Internet to post messages to social media sites or instant messaging tools, ranging from 17% in Romania to 46% in Sweden (Eurostat, 2012). Web 2.0 applications have been used in technology-enhanced learning environments. Learning 2.0 is a concept that has been used to describe the use of social media for learning. Many Learning 2.0 initiatives have been launched by educational and training institutions in Europe. Web 2.0 applications have also been used for informal learning. Web 2.0 tools can be used in classrooms, virtual or not, not only to engage students but also to support collaborative activities. Many of these tools allow users to use tags to organize resources and facilitate their retrieval at a later date or time. The aim of this chapter is to describe how tagging has been used in systems that support formal or informal learning and to summarize the functionalities that are common to these systems. In addition, common and unusual tagging applications that have been used in some Learning Objects Repositories are analysed.
Bandlimited regression

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Bandlimited regression is a method for producing regression estimates that are robust against correlation, instead of the more conventional robust estimates that are robust against departures from normality. Bandlimited regression produces less-biased estimates of the coefficient variances. A number of examples demonstrating the superiority of bandlimited regression over other methods, such as the Cochrane-Orcutt method are presented. A method combining robustness against correlation with leverage balancing is described; these estimates result from finding the stationary points of a nonpositive-definite penalty function.< >
Janthinobacterium aestuarii sp. nov., a novel violacein-producing bacterium isolated from the Tidal Basin in Washington, D.C., USA

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Strain TB1-E2-13 T was isolated from water collected from the Tidal Basin in Washington, D.C., USA, due to the bright purple colour of its colonies, and was taxonomically evaluated with a polyphasic approach. Comparison of a partial 16S rRNA gene sequence found that strain TB1-E2-13 T was most similar to species in the Janthinobacterium genus. For more precise taxonomic inference, a phylogenomic analysis was conducted and indicated that strain TB1-E2-13 T was most closely related to Janthinobacterium lividum , ‘ Janthinobacterium kumbetense ’, Janthinobacterium rivuli and Janthinobacterium violaceinigrum . Analyses of genomic indices found that pairwise comparisons between strain TB1-E2-13 T and other members of the Janthinobacterium genus returned values below the threshold of species novelty. Based on a polyphasic characterization and identifying differences in genomic and taxonomic data, strain TB1-E2-13 T represents a novel species, for which the name Janthinobacterium aestuarii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TB1-E2-13 T (=ATCC TSD-339 T =JCM 36076 T ).
Neuroprotective mechanisms of the ubiquinol action in experimental focal ischemia

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Ischemic stroke is one of the most socially important diseases characterized by impaired cerebral circulation with focal damage of the brain tissue and decreased functionality. Despite the successes of modern pharmacology, possibilities of pharmacotherapy for stroke remain limited, and the research for new drugs with neuroprotective effects that can prevent brain cell death is still relevant. In this study we have investigated the neuroprotective activity of ubiquinol as a part of an innovative form on a rat model of irreversible 24 h-cerebral ischemia with evaluation of the mechanisms of its neuroprotective effect. Ubiquinol (30 mg/kg), administered intravenously in the acute period of irreversible 24 h focal cerebral ischemia, had a direct neuroprotective effect, characterized by a decrease in the volume of brain tissue necrosis. The protective effect of ubiquinol is due to its ability to inhibit the development of oxidative stress by the direct anti-radical action, preventing the increase in the lipid hydroperoxide content in the brain tissue adjacent to the focus of necrosis, lowering the lipid oxidation rate in plasma against under conditions of increased total antioxidant activity in the brain and blood of experimental animals. In vitro experiments have shown the ability of ubiquinol to prevent cell death in primary culture of cerebral neurons of rat brain under 4 h oxygen/glucose deprivation followed by 20 h reoxygenation.
Biochemical Aspects of Bark Dryness Induced by Overstimulation of Rubber Trees with Ethrel®

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

This chapter focuses on the existence of an endogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides oxidase in lutoids which generates toxic forms of oxygen responsible for the peroxidative degradation of organelle membranes in the latex from diseased trees. Much attention has been paid over the past 6 years to seeking biochemical disorders within latex vessels which are likely to damage membranes leading to subsequent degeneration of latex vessels. It is therefore suggested that disorganization of membrane structures caused by peroxidative degradation of their unsaturated lipids might be a primary cause of the onset of bark dryness, at least as induced by overexploitation, and especially by overstimulation with Ethrel, as demonstrated. The partial characterization of this lutoid enzyme showed that it was not sensitive to the classic inhibitors of bacterial or mitochondrial respiratory chains, but was unexpectedly markedly activated by hydroxamic acids, the well-known inhibitors of the alternate mitochondrial pathway.
In vivo neural isolation of the canine jejunoileum: temporal adaptation of enteric neuropeptides.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

This study was designed to assess temporal changes in concentrations of neuromodulatory peptides in plasma and gastrointestinal tissues after in vivo neural isolation of the entire canine jejunoileum. Fasting plasma and transmural biopsy specimens of stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon were obtained from the same dogs before and two, six, and 12 weeks after in situ neural isolation of the entire jejunoileum. Concentrations of vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, and neuropeptide Y were determined by quantitative radioimmunoassay. Tissue concentrations of vasoactive intestinal peptide and substance P in the neurally isolated regions increased progressively with time (198% and 217% average maximal increases, respectively), while fasting plasma concentrations changed little. Neuropeptide Y concentrations in plasma and in the jejunoileum were decreased (by 30% to 70%) at two weeks and remained decreased thereafter. Temporal changes in tissue neuropeptide concentrations occur in the neurally isolated jejunum and ileum. These adaptive changes in the neuropeptidergic innervation of the gut may play a role in the alterations in enteric function that occur after extrinsic denervation and after intestinal transplantation.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DEEP LEARNING MODELS FOR STOCK PRICE PREDICTION

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This research investigates the effectiveness of five advanced deep learning models—LSTM, Bi-LSTM, CNN-LSTM, GRU, and CNN-GRU—in forecasting stock prices. By leveraging historical stock data from Yahoo Finance, we implement and evaluate each model based on prediction accuracy, RMSE, MSE, and R². The study includes detailed preprocessing steps, model architecture explanations, hyperparameter tuning, visual performance comparisons, and result analysis. The RMSE for all the introduced models was measured by varying the number of epochs, Our findings show that while all models offer valuable predictive power, hybrid architectures such as CNN-GRU outperform others in terms of accuracy and generalization. This comprehensive evaluation can guide future research and practical deployment of deep learning techniques in financial forecasting.
The Relationship between ESG Social Evaluation and Social Contribution Activity Cost

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

본 연구의 목적은 사회공헌활동에 대한 기업의 측정수단으로서 기업의 사회공헌비용과 한국기업지배구조원의 ESG 평가정보(사회평가)의 관련성을 규명하는 것이다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 2013년부터 2016년까지 5년 동안 ESG 평가결과를 공개한 한국기업지배구조원의 1,627개 기업-연도별 사회평가 점수를 이용하여 최종적으로 674개 연구표본을 선정하여 실증분석을 수행하였다. 연구결과, 본 연구에서 가정한 바와 같이 기업의 사회공헌활동비가 ESG 사회평가에 양(+)의 영향을 주고 있었다. 이러한 결과는 기업의 사회공헌활동비가 증가(감소)하면 ESG 사회평가 점수가 증가(감소)함을 의미한다. 또한 기부금, 복리후생비 및 교육훈련비가 ESG 사회평가에 유의한 영향을 끼치는가를 검증하기 위한 회귀분석의 결과, 기부금, 복리후생비 및 교육훈련비는 기대한 바와 같이 ESG 사회평가에 양(+)의 영향을 미치고 있었다. 본 연구는 오늘날 기업경영의 개념인 지속가능경영에서 ESG 사회평가와 사회공헌활동비의 상호 관련성을 시도하는 연구로서 의의가 있다. 하지만 본 연구는 유가증권시장과 코스닥시장을 구분하지 않고 전체적으로 분석함으로써 시장 특성이 다른 결과를 구분하지 않았다는 연구의 한계가 있다.
Sex typing and division of labor as determinants of marital change across the transition to parenthood.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This investigation examines the proposition that wives who describe their personality in ways that deviate from sex stereotypes will become less positive and more negative about their marriage from before to after they become mothers, particularly when the transition to parenthood is accompanied by an increase in the traditionalism of marital roles. Sixty-one couples were studied longitudinally from the last trimester of pregnancy through the third postpartum month. The wives completed the Personal Attributes Questionnaire (Spence & Helmreich, 1978), which measures the extent to which they ascribe personality attributes stereotyped as "masculine" (i.e., instrumental, agentic) and "feminine" (expressive, affectional) to themselves, and several questionnaires assessing the marital relationship at both times of measurement. Results revealed that the more division of labor changed toward traditionalism, the greater the decline in wives' evaluations of the positive aspects of marriage and that changes in wives' evaluations of both positive and negative aspects of marriage can be significantly predicted by the interaction of the wives' expressivity and changes toward increased traditionalism in division of labor. Additional analyses showed that wives who do not ascribe female sex-typed attributes to themselves (relative to those who see themselves in sex-stereotyped ways) are more apt to evaluate their marriage less favorably from before to after parenthood when roles shift toward greater traditionalism.
STIMULUS AND FORM IN BRITTEN'S WORK

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Journal Article STIMULUS AND FORM IN BRITTEN'S WORK Get access DAVID BROWN DAVID BROWN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Music and Letters, Volume XXXIX, Issue 3, July 1958, Pages 218–226, https://doi.org/10.1093/ml/XXXIX.3.218 Published: 01 July 1958
Market potential, spatial theories and spatial trends

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Previous literature on European regions has shown that structural estimation of New Economic Geography (NEG) wage-type equations obtains results similar to those obtained using old regional economics techniques. I show that this similarity is due to the presence of global spatial trends in the variables (first-order non-stationarity), which produce spurious regressions. Formal tests and graphical models confirm that any variable displaying a core–periphery spatial pattern produces similar predictions for European regional per capita income. Empirical tests of spatial theories should thus pay attention to the geographical features of the administrative units and the global spatial trends of the variables analysed.
RANCANGAN PROGRAM PELATIHAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SELF EFFICACY NEGOSIASI PADA SISWA SMK

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This research aimed to develop a training design to increase self-efficacy on negotiation for students of vocational school. Research subjects were 18 students of the SMK 1 Bandung class of 2011 marketing majoring. The design of the training program was conceived and developed with reference to the strength aspect of self-efficacy and negotiation, by applying the model of experiential learning. The training material organized into two main activities to improve selfefficacy in negotiation namely our business and making a profit. The effectiveness of the training is measured by the increase of self-efficacy category by using an instrument on negotiation selfefficacy, behavioral observation and evaluation of training. This study used a quasi-experimental method with the untreated control group pretest and posttest sample dependent design. T-Test results showed thereâ€™s no significant improvement in the category of self-efficacy negotiations after the training program. Quantitatively and observations during training showed an increase in self-efficacy negotiation in aspects of communication, strategy and relationships, as well as a decrease in the emotional aspects among training participants.
TPSO Based Multi-Parameter ADC Background Calibration Algorithm

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this paper, a multi-parameter high resolution ADC digital background calibration method based on traction particle swarm optimization (TPSO) is proposed. In this method, the traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO) is improved to make the algorithm more suitable for the application of hardware circuits, and the accurate calibration of high resolution ADC is realized. Different from traditional ADC calibration algorithms, which can only compensate for one error, this algorithm can simultaneously calibrate multiple errors, such as time jitter, comparator offset, capacitance mismatch, operational amplifier nonlinearity, etc. Firstly, this algorithm deeply analyzes the causes and ways of ADC errors with different architectures. Then, ADC models with different architectures and resolutions are built and error injection is performed on them. Finally, The PSO algorithm is used to calibrate Flash ADC. For the hardware characteristics of Pipeline ADC, the TPSO algorithm is proposed to achieve high performance calibration. This paper modeled 3-bit Flash ADC, 5-bit Flash ADC, and 14-bit pipeline ADC and used the algorithm proposed in this paper to calibrate them respectively. Specifically, the SNDR is improved from 18.65 dB to 26.90 dB in the 5-bit flash ADC case. Similarly, in the 14-bit pipeline ADC case, the SNDR is improved from 52.60 dB to 81.7 dB and the SFDR is improved from 69.80 dB to 97.83 dB. Moreover, these calibrations are finished with less than 100,000 sampling points. Therefore, the experimental results show that the proposed method not only has good robustness and accurate calibration performance but also has a fast convergence rate.
Sound science in geological disposal in the United Kingdom

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract The safe implementation of geological disposal must be underpinned by sound science. This paper describes the approaches taken by the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority Radioactive Waste Management Directorate, the implementing body for geological disposal in the UK, to build an evidence base of scientific data and understanding which is robust to scrutiny and so provides confidence in the safety of geological disposal.
African American men: the ideal AIDS program.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Because designing programs based on an understanding of the target population's perceptions, expectations, and experiences is not only beneficial but feasible, a convenience sample of 17 African American men who have sex with men attended one of four focus groups to identify the needs of AIDS clients and what constitutes an ideal AIDS program. These men articulated what they needed and expected from the health care system. These needs and expectations should be incorporated into program planning to promote a more productive relationship between provider and providee and, thus, more efficacious programs. Their needs are competent comprehensive health care, adequate funds, and emotional support to enhance inner strength to cope with dying and death, dependency, and uncertainty. The ideal AIDS program would be holistic, providing health care needs as well as financial, social, emotional, and familial needs by means of both traditional and alternative treatments.