jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Human Fibroblast Collagenase-α-Macroglobulin Interactions

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The interaction between human fibroblast collagenase and five mammalian alpha-macroglobulins (human alpha 2-macroglobulin and pregnancy zone protein, rat alpha 1- and alpha 2-macroglobulin, and rat alpha 1-inhibitor 3) differing in primary and quaternary structure has been investigated. Complex formation with each of these alpha-macroglobulins follows the course identified for many other proteinases, i.e. specific limited proteolysis in their bait regions inducing a set of conformational changes resulting in activation of the internal beta-cysteinyl-gamma-glutamyl thiol esters and covalent complex formation. At collagenase: alpha-macroglobulin molar ratios of less than 1:1 3.2-3.6 mol of SH groups appear for 1 mol of collagenase bound to human and rat alpha 2-macroglobulin and to rat alpha 1-macroglobulin. For these alpha-macroglobulins it can be estimated that the overall rate constant of complex formation is greater than 1.10(6) M-1 s-1 while it is much lower for human pregnancy zone protein and rat alpha 1-inhibitor 3. More than 95% of the complexed collagenase is covalently bound, and sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis shows the typical pattern of bands corresponding to reaction products of very high apparent molecular weight. The same pattern is also seen in the covalent (greater than 98%) complex very slowly formed from Clostridium histolyticum collagenase and human alpha 2-macroglobulin. The identification of the sites of specific limited proteolysis in the bait regions of the five alpha-macroglobulins shows that cleavage may take place in sequences that are not related to those identified earlier in the collagens. These results greatly expand the repertoire of sequences known to be cleaved by fibroblast collagenase and suggest that this proteinase has a primary substrate specificity resembling that of the microbial proteinase thermolysin, as it preferentially cleaves at the NH2-terminal side of large hydrophobic residues. In addition, the results highlight the unique structure of the flexible alpha-macroglobulin bait region in that it can accommodate a conformation required by the highly restrictive fibroblasts collagenase. It is suggested that alpha-macroglobulins may play an important role in locally controlling the activity of collagenases and perhaps other proteinases of the extracellular matrix.
2165-P: In Vivo Islet Imaging Reveals that GLP-1 Paradoxically Increases Insulin Content

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin, secreted in response to a meal that promotes glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in animal models and diabetic and nondiabetic humans. GLP-1 analogues have been successfully used as an effective treatment for both obesity and type 2 diabetes. While the general mechanisms of actions of GLP-1 on β-cell growth and function have been extensively studied, a number of questions regarding the dynamic and heterogeneity of the response of individual islets to GLP-1 in vivo remain. Using a fluorescent reporter mouse model originally created by the Arvan Lab, we have optimized a platform allowing us to monitor the content of individual islets in live animals. In this model, a super-folded GFP is bound to the C-Peptide, allowing the fluorescent visualization and quantification of insulin content within the islets without altering their normal physiology. After an overnight fast, the pancreas is exposed by laparotomy in anesthetized mice and the reporter in individual islets can be imaged repeatedly to quantify their insulin content. Upon glucose challenge, the GFP intensity within the islets progressively decreases in control mice, correlating with the insulin secretion within the bloodstream. In order to study the effects of GLP-1 on individual islet secretion, mice were either treated either with Liraglutide, a stable GLP-1 analog, or subjected to Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy (VSG), a surgical procedure known to increase GLP-1 levels in obese mice. Surprisingly, with both approaches, in addition to increasing insulin secretion upon a glucose challenge, we could also observe insulin content actually increasing within the islets over the course of the excursion. This finding was later confirmed by measuring total insulin content in liraglutide-treated mice. This data indicates that despite causing enhanced insulin secretion, GLP-1 can also very rapidly increase insulin content within islets. Disclosure C.M.H. Cras-Méneur: None. H. Frikke-Schmidt: None. P. Arvan: None. R.J. Seeley: Consultant; Self; Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novo Nordisk A/S, Scohia Pharma Inc. Research Support; Self; MedImmune, Novo Nordisk A/S, Zafgen, Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Zafgen, Inc.
Surveillance of rabies in Shantou city of Guangdong province,2005-2009

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To evaluate the effect of rabies prevention and control in Shantou from 2005 to 2009 and discuss the future control strategies.Methods According to 'The Implementation Protocol of Rabies Surveillance in Guangdong Province(for trial),the data of rabies surveillance and case response in Shantou were collected to conduct descriptive epidemiological analysis.Results The wound sites of rabies exposed people were mainly on limbs(91.50%),and the wounds were mainly mild single ones.Among the vaccinated rabies exposed people,35.43% received correct wound clearing and disinfection,57.47% lived in urban area.A total of 14 rabies cases were reported from 2005 to 2009.The longest incubation period was 5 years,the shortest was 15 days(median: 69.5 days.) The longest disease course was 11 days,the shortest was 1 day(median: 5 days).Up to 71.42% of the cases had no standard wound treatment or had no wound treatment at all,and all the cases received no rabies vaccination.Conclusion The poor awareness of rabies prevention among the people in or near rural area and failure to receive standard treatment after exposure were the main causes of rabies epidemic in Shantou.It is necessary to strengthen the rabies surveillance and health education,make the rabies vaccine or rabies immune globulin administrations to be included in the compensation of medicare insurance in rural area to increase the coverage rate of rabies vaccine or rabies immune globulin among rabies exposed people.
Expert systems in medicine: a biomedical engineering perspective.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Knowledge-based expert systems for medical applications have received considerable attention in recent years. In this review, fundamental terms and notions of artificial intelligence techniques as applied to expert systems are introduced. The most well-known and influential medical expert systems are discussed in detail, and newer efforts are surveyed. A critical comparison of strengths and weaknesses of the systems is made, discussing depth and complexity of knowledge, acquisition of knowledge, user interaction and explanations, knowledge engineering tools, system evaluations, and user resistance. Long- and short-term trends are appraised.
Considerations Surrounding the Effects of Race, Age, and Gender on GED Success among Jail Inmates

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

When viewed in a historical context, researchers have found consistent linkage between criminal offending and lowered educational levels among the general population of incarcerated offenders. Evidence of this is demonstrated by a disproportionate representation of illiterate persons among jail and prison inmates. After reviewing the literature, ample evidence revealed the utility in examining the isolated relationships concerning age, race, and gender on GED success for under-educated jail inmates. The purpose of this study was to explore the many considerations concerning the isolation of those factors, and to assist jail educators with achieving GED certification among subjects. No statistically significant differences were found among the independent variables race, age, and gender; however the effort gave rise to several implications that will assist in establishing guidelines for future research.
Entering the classroom of the university in North America: feelings on academic visiting a thoughts on teaching

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The lively lecture in Harvard University initiates the author's thoughts and consideration associated with the education issues during the academic visiting in North America.From my views of prospective, the deficiency of reading amount seriously affected the teaching quality and degree programs for the domestic graduate education, which then can hardly inspire the potentials of the students.Specifically, the respective roles of the teachers, the supervisors and the graduate students themselves in studies are taken into account in this paper, and the main causes of such problem are analyzed.Finally, the measures and resources are stated improving the teaching forms, enhancing the accumulation of academic and creating the academic atmospheres.
A RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING TO IMPROVE MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Motivational interviewing (MI) is an effective method of promoting change in adults, but research on adolescents is limited. This study tests the efficacy of MI for promoting academic achievement in middle school students. Participants were 103 6th‐, 7th, and 8th‐grade students randomly assigned to either a MI (n = 50) or a waitlist control condition (n = 53). Students in the MI condition participated in a single MI session during the 7 th or 8 th week of the second semester. In comparison to the control group, students who received MI demonstrated significant improvements in their class participation, overall positive academic behavior, and significantly higher 4 th quarter math grades. Thus, consistent with other studies finding single session effects of MI, a single MI session can have beneficial effects on academic behaviors. Pending further study and replication of these findings, MI could become an efficient and effective new counseling approach for improving academic performance.
Does realism of a virtual character influence arousal? Exploratory study with pupil size measurement

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

In this poster we discuss exploratory analyses seeking to test whether realism of a virtual character can influence arousal measured by pupil diameter change in response to viewing a virtual character. To do this we conducted a study in which 180 virtual characters were presented to 45 participants in a free-viewing procedure, while their physiological responses were recorded. We manipulated the realism of these characters in terms of their appearance, behavior and intractability. Results suggest that appearance and intractability can influence arousal of the participants.
INDONESIA'S PREPAREDNESS MODEL FRAMEWORK IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PANCASILA LEGAL STATE FACING ISIS RETURNESS

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This study aims to analyze the framework of the Indonesian preparedness model within the framework of the Pancasila state law to face returns. Terrorism is an extraordinary crime (extraordinary crime) that requires handling extraordinary ways. Terrorism has become a global phenomenon that has penetrated almost all countries in the world, including Indonesia. The research method used is a normative juridical approach, namely the Statute Approach. In this study, the author examines and examines using primary data, as the basic material for research by conducting a search on the laws, regulations and literature related to the crime of terrorism. The results showed that; a) The framework of ISIS terrorism as an Extra Ordinary Crime crime in Indonesia is currently reviewed from the theory of punishment showing that ISIS is an Extra Ordinary Crime crime including: crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, crimes of aggression. In crimes against humanity the attacks are widespread and systematic. ISIS conducts various ways to recruit members in Indonesia including; (1) Offer high-paying jobs; (2) Offer free umrah to new members, (3) They are taught advanced technology, (4) Bagi young women who want to join ISIS are usually treated like a princess; (5) Invited to travel or study abroad. b) Diplomation will be presented with various legal stakeholders, comparison of the criminal system against perpetrators of terrorism crimes in Indonesia in terms of criminal policy theory resulting in a form of international cooperation in law enforcement against ISIS as ordinacry crime and international crime as follows; (1) Transfer of Offenders (Extradition/ extradition; (2) Transfer of Evidence (Mutual Legal Asisstance); (3) Transfer of Proceedings; (4) Transfer of Sentece Person (TSP); (5) Transfer of Proceeds of Crime / Transfer of Asset Recovery. c) The future legal concept of the criminal system of perpetrators of ISIS terrorism returneers in Indonesia if using the theory of legal protection shows that Returnees and deportees of ISIS still have the right to citizenship, and for some laws also protect the right to citizenship, then peme rintah should not refuse or, prevent Returnees and deportees from entering Indonesian territory, this is because Returnees and deportees still have the right to citizenship and are still Indonesian citizens. So that if we refer to the legislation, the state should not prohibit the entry of its citizens senself. The Indonesian government cannot also eliminate the citizenship of Returnees and deportees as Indonesian citizens because it is a right of Returnees and deportees, and the citizenship law also adheres to the principle of stateless so that Returnees have the right to Indonesian citizenship.
Advances in the design and delivery of peptide subunit vaccines with a focus on Toll-like receptor agonists

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Considerable success has been made with many peptide antigen formulations, and peptide-based vaccines are emerging as the next generation of prophylactic and remedial immunotherapy. However, finding an optimal platform balancing all of the requirements for an effective, specific and safe immune response remains a major challenge for many infectious and chronic diseases. This review outlines how peptide immunogenicity is influenced by the way in which peptides are presented to the immune system, underscoring the need for multifunctional delivery systems that couple antigen and adjuvant into a single construct. Particular attention is given to the ability of Toll-like receptor agonists to act as adjuvants. A survey of recent approaches to developing peptide antigen delivery systems is given, many of which incorporate Toll-like receptor agonists into the design.
Aortic reconstructive surgery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This review presents information concerning perioperative anesthesia for the vascular patient. Preoperative evaluation of the patient is discussed, with particular emphasis on tests that measure cardiac tolerance to increased myocardial oxygen demand. Up-to-date information about dipyndamole-thallium and dobutamine echocardiography stress tests is presented, and the recent reports on cardiac risk assessment are reviewed. Also reviewed are surgical and anesthetic requirements during major aortic reconstructive surgery, together with effects on patient outcome; hemodynamic and metabolic changes relating to aortic cross-clamp and organ preservation during surgery; and the controversies concerning techniques for spinal cord protection.
Selecting a strategic partner : a value maximization approach

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

At a recent symposium delivered to representatives from a wide range of not-for-profit financial literacy training organizations, the topic “Selecting the Right Strategic Partners” was presented. A quasi-analytical approach to selecting a strategic partner was proposed, which purported to identify potential strategic partnerships which would be valuable to both parties. A fundamental proposition was that strong partnerships will only succeed if benefits to the partnership accrue to both parties. At the seminar, exercises were conducted in which the various organizations evaluated potential partnerships with peer organizations using the proposed approach. A stunning result was that in the vast majority of cases, potential partners recommended that steps be undertaken to consummate a collaboration. It is certainly difficult to imagine, especially in an environment with constrained funding available, that this result would obtain if potential partners are making optimal decisions. This research project evaluates partners’ decision making within the framework of standard economic valuation maximization subject to a budget constraint; both a general solution and a numerical example are provided. The primary analytical result demonstrated is that it is reasonable to expect that partners (choosing optimally) will allocate available partnership funds to only a subset of available partners and will explicitly eliminate some potential partners from consideration (contrary to the seminar exercise results!).
Power Block Geometry Applied to the Building of Power Electronics Converters

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper proposes a new methodology, Power Block Geometry (PBG), for the presentation of power electronics topologies that process ac voltage. PBG's strategy uses formal methods based on a geometrical representation with particular rules and defines a universe with axioms and conjectures to establish a formation law. It allows power electronics configurations observed in the technical literature to be obtained by just following PBG's proposed rules, taking a systematic approach and using the familiar concept of connection blocks. Such an approach provides the formal outline needed for a comprehensive didactic presentation .
Female Urethral Diverticulum. a Propos of a Case

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Female urethral divertículum is a sacular evaginación that\nappears generally in the ventral wall of this conduct; it must be\nsuspected in women with voiding clinic. frequently it is the result of\ntrauma or inflammation of the urethral glands. The diagnosis of female\nurethral diverticulum has increased due to a better knowledge of this\ncondition and to its coexistence with urinary incontinence of stress\nand urinary infections, nevertheless, this condition frequently goes\nunnoticed during the routine clinical evaluation of the woman. The\npresent case is a 53 years old female patient with antecedents of\nrepeated urinary infections who complained of sensation of a weight in\nthe pelvic floor, posmiccional dribbling and urinary incontinence of\nstress of 3 years of evolution. The diagnosis of urethral\ndivertículum complicated with stone, as well as cistocele degree\nII, was made. The patient was surgically intervened to correct the\ndiverticulum and remove the stone, and was discharged without\ncomplications.
Pregnancy After Tuboplasty As A Recanalization Procedure Following Tubal Ligation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective
To determine the rate of pregnancy in patients with recanalization by tuboplasty after tubal ligation.
Study design
Descriptive case series.
Place & Duration of study
Bahawal Victoria Hospital / Quaid-e-Azam Medical College Bahawalpur, from January 2008 to December 2017.
Methodology
This study included all patients who underwent tuboplasty after tubal ligation. During the study period 150 patients requested for reversal of tubal ligation via tuboplasty, out of whom 29 were included found most suitable for this procedure. Tuboplasty was done via open abdominal approach. Patients were followed up for one year to observe the pregnancy rate in this cohort of patients.
Results
Twenty nine patients underwent tuboplasty of whom 3(10.34%) were lost to follow up two months after surgery. Twenty (76.9%) women conceived in this series. Six (23.07%) patients did not conceive even after one year of tuboplasty. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) was then performed on these six patients. Three (50%) had bilaterally patent tubes, 2 (33.33%) had unilateral occlusion of fallopian tubes while 1 (16.6%) had bilateral tubal occlusion on HSG.
Conclusions
Success rate of pregnancy after tuboplasty in women who underwent bilateral tubal ligation was good if most suitable candidates were selected and an effective technique was used for tubal recanalization. It is an alternative to ICSI (Intra-cytoplasmic Sperm Injection) and IVF (In-vitro Fertilization) on account of lower cost and lack of religious conflicts.
Key words
Bilateral tubal ligation, Tuboplasty, Pregnancy rate.
Distinct serum proteome profiles associated with collagen‐induced arthritis and complete Freund's adjuvant‐induced inflammation in CD38 −/− mice: The discriminative power of protein species or proteoforms

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Collagen‐type‐II‐induced arthritis (CIA) is an autoimmune disease, which involves a complex host systemic response including inflammatory and autoimmune reactions. CIA is milder in CD38 −/− than in wild‐type (WT) mice. ProteoMiner‐equalized serum samples were subjected to 2D‐DiGE and MS‐MALDI‐TOF/TOF analyses to identify proteins that changed in their relative abundances in CD38 −/− versus WT mice either with arthritis (CIA + ), with no arthritis (CIA − ), or with inflammation (complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)‐treated mice). Multivariate analyses revealed that a multiprotein signature ( n = 28) was able to discriminate CIA + from CIA − mice, and WT from CD38 −/− mice within each condition. Likewise, a distinct multiprotein signature ( n = 16) was identified which differentiated CIA + CD38 −/− mice from CIA + WT mice, and lastly, a third multiprotein signature ( n = 18) indicated that CD38 −/− and WT mice could be segregated in response to CFA treatment. Further analyses showed that the discriminative power to distinguish these groups was reached at protein species level and not at the protein level. Hence, the need to identify and quantify proteins at protein species level to better correlate proteome changes with disease processes. It is crucial for plasma proteomics at the low‐abundance protein species level to apply the ProteoMiner enrichment. All MS data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD001788, PXD001799 and PXD002071 ( http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/dataset/PXD001788 , http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/dataset/PXD001799 and http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/dataset/PXD002071 ).
Chemical runoff model of the Chao Phraya River Basin in Southeast Asia.

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Scientists have become increasingly more aware of the toll that the industrial use of rivers has on wildlife and human cultures. With the advent of geographic information systems, there has been a new and detailed understanding of how both introduced pollutants and natural attributes in the environment change the life cycles of plants and animals. This project, completed at the Southeast Asia Systems for Analysis, Research, and Training Regional Center, in Bangkok, Thailand, created a more focused and accessible model of the Chao Phraya River Basin. The two goals of this project are to create a model which will show correlations between human use of the river and its pollutant concentrations, and to make our model more available to the scientific community.