jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Consumers’ attitude towards hormone-free milk: what have we learned?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Consumers’ negative attitude and perception about bST-treated milk has not changed much since its first introduction in 1994 in the USA. The objectives of this study are to measure consumers’ willing to pay for bST-free milk and to explore the factors influencing their willingness-to-pay. The empirical application uses consumers’ survey data from the state of Kansas and applied to a probit model for willingness-to-pay. The results show consumers prefer mandatory labeling for bST-treated milk and milk products, and are willing to pay a premium for bST-free milk.
Comparing Shear Bond Strength of Two Step vs One Step B onding Agents on Ground Enamel and Dentin: An in vitro Study

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Aim To compare the shear bond strength of Tetric N Bond (Ivoclar Vivadent) and Single Bond Universal Adhesive (3M ESPE, MN, USA) on ground enamel and dentin. Materials and methods A total of 30 extracted human maxillary and mandibular molars and premolars were used for this study and divided into two groups which were treated with Tetric N Bond (Ivoclar Vivaden) t- and Single Bond Universal Adhesive (3M ESPE, MN, USA). The shear bond strength was tested on Universal testing machine (Instron). Results There was statistically significant difference in the shear bond strength among the two groups. Conclusion Based on the results (Tetric N Bond, Ivoclar Vivadent) had higher bond strength than Single Bond Universal Adhesive (3M ESPE, MN, USA) on ground enamel and dentin. How to cite this article Shah DD, Chandak M, Manwar N, Mani S, Mani A, Saini R, Malde R. Comparing Shear Bond Strength of Two Step vs One Step Bonding Agents on Ground Enamel and Dentin: An in vitro Study. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2014;3(1):1-3.
Seed dormancy in Caesalpina Bonducella (L) Roxb.

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Caesalpinia mainly grown for immense medicinal value. The plant seeds are useful in ethano medicines to treat cancer, eye sores, tuberculosis, asthma, toothaches and fever. The plant seed extract have antioxidant, anti tumor, anti microbial, anti diabetic, anti pynetic activities. In nature the population of caesalpinia bonduc (L) Roxb dwindling due to longer duration of seed dormancy, overutilization of plant for medicinal purpose and destruction of habit at the Coesalpinia bonduc (L) Roxb plant species become threatened. The Plants play a important role in human health care system. C. bonducella shows poor germination and low seedlings, establishment. The information on seed biology and germination behavior and dormancy pattern of this valuable species is lacking therefore it was dicided to investigate the germination behavior of this species one year old seeds were used for laboratory testing at times fail to germinate properly the failure may be due to the state of seed dormancy different treatment were tried to find out the best treatment to break the dormancy. The seeds were pre treated with H2So4 2% for 45 & 60 min, H202 1% 10 sec, KNo3 0.50% & 0.75%, GA3 250ppm & 500 ppm, hot water 24 & 48 hrs and, mechanical scarification gave significant results treatment with sulphuric acid for 60 min, resulted better germination up to 80%. The study proved that seed treatments are necessary to overcome the seed dormancy.
Reliability Model for u-Health SW's BMT

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

유헬스(u-Health)는 유비쿼터스(ubiquitous)와 헬스(health)의 약어로서 환자가 병원을 찾아가지 않더라도 "언제나, 어디서나" 질병의 예방, 진단, 치료, 사후관리를 받을 수 있는 의료 서비스를 말한다. 유헬스(u-Health)는 개인의 생체신호 및 건강정보의 측정 및 전송하여 분석 및 피드백의 과정으로 구성되며 개인의 생체신호 및 건강정보를 측정(sensing)해 건강관리회사나 의료기관이 운영하는 건강정보 시스템으로 전송한다. 건강정보시스템이 전송된 정보에 패턴을 분석해 주면, 건강관리사나 주치의는 대상고객에 대해 원격으로 건강관리 및 의료서비스를 제공하는 것을 뜻한다. 본 연구에서는 u-Health의 국내외 동향과 u-Health의 BMT를 위한 신뢰성 모델을 제시하고자 한다. u-Health refers to "Always, ubiquitously" prevention against disease, diagnosis, medical treatment service that can receive treatment even if patient does not visit hospital as abbreviated word of ubiquitous and health. U-Health transmits in individual's living body sign and measuring of health information and health information system that is consisted of process of analysis and feedback transmiting and measure individual's living body signal and health information and health proprietary company or medical institution operates. If analyze pattern to information that health information system is transmited, health care officer or chief physician means that offer healthcare and medical treatment service to remote about target customer. Wish to present authoritativeness model for u-Health's inside and outside of the country same native place and u-Health's BMT in this research.
Exploring the Impact of Delivery Performance on Customer Transaction Volume and Unit Price: Evidence from an Assembly Manufacturing Supply Chain

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study examines the effect of delivery performance on customer transactions. We propose that different delivery performance dimensions (on‐time delivery rate, early delivery inaccuracy, late delivery inaccuracy, and delivery speed) have varying impacts on future customer transaction quantities and unit prices. We further explore the effect of customer types on the proposed relationships. Trade customers (resellers) and Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) customers generally have different operational needs for deliveries and therefore may value these metrics differently. Using instrumental variable regression, we analyze a proprietary transaction‐level dataset. The information was compiled by a Fortune 500 manufacturer from its Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) control product supply chain, consisting of the manufacturer and its customers. The results indicate that measures of delivery performance affect customer transaction quantity and unit price differently. Furthermore, these impacts can differ significantly between trade customers and OEM customers. These findings provide fine‐grained insights about tuning delivery capabilities to increase sales volume or boost price.
The Legislative Drafting of Sources of Judicial Ruling in the Jordanian Personal Status Law No. 15 of 2019

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aims to evaluate the legislative drafting of the original and subsidiary sources of judicial ruling in the Jordanian Personal Status Law No. 15 for 2019, in terms of its adequacy to accommodate life variable and developments related to personal status, and the extent of its commitment to the tight drafting that keeps the legal basis away from the possibilities that lead to confusion in rulings due to the differences in explaining them, supported by applied examples. The study followed the descriptive approach, the deductive approach, and the comparative approach, as it compared the legislative wording of Jordanian law with a number of civil laws and personal status laws in the Arab world. The study reached a number of results and presented some recommendations to the Jordanian legislator related to the subject, the most important of which is that there is no reason to consider the preponderant opinion of Abu Hanifa creed the second source for the law, and present it over the rulings of the Islamic jurisprudence, since they may not be the most likely to agree with law provisions. Also, The preponderant opinion of Abu Hanifa creed is related to the rulings of the Islamic jurisprudence, but not the other way around.
Computational Insight into the Binding Profile of the Second-Generation PET Tracer PI2620 with Tau Fibrils

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Abnormal deposition of hyperphosphorylated tau as neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) is an important pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and of other neurodegenerative disorders. A noninvasive positron emission tomography (PET) tracer that quantifies neurofibrillary tangles in vivo can enhance the clinical diagnosis of AD and can also be used to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutics aimed at reducing the abnormal aggregation of the tau fibril in the brain. In this paper, we study the binding profile of fibrillar tau aggregates with a PET tracer PI2620, which is a new second generation tau PET tracer that is presently experimentally and clinically studied. The target structure for the tau fibril is based on cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure. A multiscale simulation workflow including molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, metadynamics simulation, and free energy calculations was implemented. We find that PI2620 can bind to eight surface binding sites, three core binding sites, and one entry site. The binding at the core sites and entry site is found to be much more favorable than that on the surface sites due to stronger hydrophobic interactions and less solvent exposure. Furthermore, the entry site which is formed by the terminal β-sheets of the fibril is found to have the highest binding affinity to PI2620. Importantly, the binding capacity at the entry site can be much higher than that at other core sites, due to its easy accessibility. Therefore, the entry site is believed to be the major binding site for PI2620. A previous computational study on tracers with tau fibrils reports a maximum of four binding sites. Through use of methods that allow us to locate "cryptic binding sites", we report here additional core sites available for binding and we address the limitation of using the cryo-EM structure alone for structure-based tracer design. Our results could be helpful for elucidating the binding mechanism of imaging tracers with the fibrillar form of tau, a knowledge that in turn can be used to guide the development of compounds with higher affinity and selectivity for tau using structure-based design strategies.
Hydrothermal Catalytic Gasification (HCG) as an Alternative to Anaerobic Digestion

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Anaerobic digestion can be an effective low-cost method of biomass energy conversion. However, the processâs biological nature leads to long processing times, high variability and instability, and susceptibility to shock loads. Hydrothermal catalytic gasification (HCG) provides a prospective alternative to anaerobic digestion in situations where acquiring trained technical management and high quality manufacturing materials are not an issue. Compared to anaerobic digestion, HCG can achieve higher gas yields within minutes/hours as opposed to days/weeks. HCG of newspaper at 350Â°C and 850 psi initial pressure for 30 min with a Raney nickel type catalyst resulted in 75% gas conversion. Sequential NaOH addition and other processing modifications increased gas yields and produced higher methane and hydrogen gas concentrations, with total energy yield increases of more than 20% over the course of consecutive runs. There remains the potential to further enhance energy yields and extend the catalyst lifetime. The current state of anaerobic digestion and HCG will also be reviewed with emphasis on conversion efficiencies and process economics.
Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the binding of nucleotides to NADP+-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The interaction of the 2'-phosphate-containing nucleotides (NADP+, NADPH, 2'-phosphoadenosine 5'-diphosphoribose, and adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate) with NADP+ -specific isocitrate dehydrogenase was studied by using 31P NMR spectroscopy. The separate resonances corresponding to free and bound nucleotides, characteristic for slow exchange of nuclei on the NMR time scale, were observed in the spectra of the enzyme (obtained in the presence of excess ligand) with NADP+ and NADPH in the absence and presence of Mg2+ and with 2'-phosphoadenosine 5'-diphosphoribose in the absence of metal or in the presence of the substrate magnesium isocitrate. The position of the 31P resonance of the bound 2'-phosphate group in these spectra is invariant (delta = 6) in the pH range 5-8, indicating that the pK of this group is much lower in the complexes with the enzyme than that (pK = 6.13) in the free nucleotides. The additional downfield shift of this resonance by 1.8 ppm beyond that (delta = 4.22) of the dianionic form of the 2'-phosphate in free nucleotides suggests interaction with a positively charged group(s) and/or distortion of P-O-P angles as the result of binding to the enzyme. A single resonance of 2'-phosphate was observed in the spectrum of the enzyme complex with 2'-phosphoadenosine 5'-diphosphoribose in the presence of Mg2+, with the chemical shift dependent on the nucleotide to enzyme ratio, characteristic for the fast exchange situation. Addition of metal does not perturb the environment of the 2'-phosphate in the complexes of NADP+ and NADPH with isocitrate dehydrogenase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
1016 Inflammasome Activation is a Critical Signaling Pathway in Clostridium difficile Toxin-Induced Intestinal Injury Which Requires Conservation of Specific Toxin Processing Events, Toxin Domains and Downstream Signaling

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

BACKGROUND: Intestinal electroneutral Na absorption involves the brush border (BB) Na/ H exchanger 3 (NHE3). In the intestine, impaired Na absorption results in decreased water absorption and diarrhea. Elevated levels of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca]i) inhibit NHE3 activity in the intact intestine by ~40%. A role for apical PLC-γ in [Ca]i inhibition of NHE3 activity has been identified: 1) PLC-γ directly binds NHE3 and this interaction is necessary for [Ca]i inhibition of NHE3 activity and 2) the SH2 domains of PLC-γ may scaffold Ca2+ signaling proteins necessary for regulation of NHE3 activity. [Ca]i regulation of NHE3 activity also involves Src; however, the mechanism responsible for this effect remains undetermined. Since Src has been shown to directly bind PLC-γ, we tested the hypothesis that PLCγ links Src to NHE3 containing complexes and mediates Ca2+ regulation of NHE3 activity. METHODS: For the current study, 12 day post-confluent Caco-2/BBe cells grown on filters were transiently infected with a 3HA-NHE3 adenovirus construct and studied 48 hours later. NHE3 activity was measured by fluorimetry using the pH-sensitive dye, BCECF, in Caco-2/BBe cells treated with vehicle or the Src inhibitor, PP2 (10μM), in the presence or absence of 10μM carbachol (CCH) to elevate [Ca]i. Total cell lysates were obtained (with 0.1% Triton X-100) from Caco-2/BBe cells for sucrose density centrifugation (SDC) and coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP). RESULTS: 1) CCH decreased NHE3 activity by ~40%, an effect that was abolished with PP2 treatment. We also determined whether Src exists in multi-protein complexes. 2) As determined by SDC with Western blot analysis, Src was observed in similar sized multi-protein complexes as both NHE3 and PLC-γ. 3) Co-IP studies in Caco-2/BBe cells demonstrated that Src associated with PLC-γ, but not NHE3, under basal conditions, an interaction that increased after elevated [Ca]i (less than 5 min post CCH), which was prior to dissociation of PLC-γ and NHE3 (after 5 min post CCH). 4) Finally, the association of Src and PLC-γ was not altered by blocking the SH2 domain of PLC-γ, a domain necessary for [Ca]i inhibition of NHE3. SUMMARY: This study demonstrated that Src 1) activity is necessary for [Ca]i inhibition of NHE3 activity, 2) exists in similar sized multi-protein complexes as NHE3 and PLC-γ, 3) associates dynamically with PLC-γ, but not NHE3. CONCLUSIONS: PLC-γ exerts lipase independent effects in its involvement in elevated [Ca]i inhibition of NHE3 activity by scaffolding Src into NHE3 containingmulti-protein complexes prior to dissociation of PLC-γ fromNHE3 and subsequent endocytosis of NHE3.
Investigation of 112Cd via the \((\vec{d},p)\) Reaction and a Reassessment of the Quadrupole–Octupole Coupled Excitation

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

The single-particle neutron states in 112 Cd have been probed with the 111 Cd( d, p) reaction.Beams of up to 1.2 µA of polarized 22 MeV deuterons bombarded 111 Cd targets.The reaction protons were momentum analyzed with a Q3D magnetic spectrograph, with spectra were recorded at 10 angles between 10 • and 60 • with a resolution of 6-7 keV FWHM.In addition to the ( d, p) transfer data, ( d, d) elastic-scattering data were also obtained and used to ascertain the proper optical model parameters.Cross sections and analyzing powers for all levels observed to be populated were fit to results of DWBA and ADWA calculations, and spectroscopic factors were determined.The 5 -level at 2373 keV, previously assigned as a member on the quadrupole-octupole quintuplet set of states because of its enhanced B(E2; 5 -→ 3 - 1 ) value, was observed to be one of the strongest peaks in the spectrum, and is reassigned as the s 1/2 ⊗ h 11/2 two-quasineutron configuration.
SEED GERMINATION OF TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM) USING PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L.) FRUIT EXTRACTS AS NATURALLY OCCURRING GERMINATION INHIBITOR AND GIBBERELLIC ACID IN VARIOUS SEED TREATMENTS

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Seed Germination is a vital process in plant growth and development. It is very crucial in crop production. Control of seed germination can proceed if there are presence of naturally occurring germination inhibitors such as papaya fruit extracts. Promotion of seed germination on the other hand, can be obtain from plant growth hormones such as gibberellic acid. Various seed treatments used in the experiment were the following: T1-unwashed, fresh T2-washed, fresh T3-washed, air-dried T4-washed, fresh and T5-washed, fresh.Twenty (20) seeds were counted for each treatment. Distilled water as the germinating medium for the seeds were T1, T2 and T3. In T4 and T5, 100ppm of GA3 and papaya fruit extracts were used as germinating media respectively. The highest and the lowest percent germination was shown in T2 and T5 respectively.InT1 and T3 on the other hand, had 75% and 80% germination respectively.Papaya fruit extracts (T5) is considered as a naturally occurring germination inhibitorin tomato.
Pressure - Temperature Estimates of the Iron Formations of Sivasamudram Area, Karnataka

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Through a consideration of major element chemistry it is inferred that the orthopyroxenes and clinopyroxenes of the iron formations are ferrohypersthene and ferroaugite respectively, whereas the garnets belong to pyralspite series. The opx and garnets are rich in Mn content, which may be due to bulk composition of the host rock and oxygen fugacity. The P-T estimates give values of 7.5 to 8 Kbars and 607°C to 657°C.
COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY WITH SUICIDAL OLDER ADULTS

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This article provides a cognitive-behavioral model for psychotherapeutic interventions with suicidal elders. The approach is based on a general model of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with older adults described in Laidlaw, Thompson, Dick-Siskin and Gallagher-Thompson (2003), with specific application to suicidal older adults (Coon & Gallagher-Thompson, 2001). The appeal of CBT in working with older clients is its practical nature and psychoeducational orientation aimed at empowering elderly clients to utilize the techniques outside the psychotherapeutic relationship, with the goal of helping elders develop skills that lead toward better daily self-management and increased life satisfaction. In addition, CBT can be effective in either an individual or group format (DeVries & Coon, 2002). This article begins with a brief review of the characteristics associated with suicide in this population, then describes a CBT model appropriate for use with elders struggling with affective disorders, suicidal ideation, or suicidal behaviors, and ends with a case example illustrating the model's use with suicidal older adults.
Marinskaya 5, Grave 25.

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

<p>Disturbed inhumation burial in a square chamber surrounded by wooden posts and covered by wooden planks. The chamber and related mound embankment was covered by a stone packing. The inventory included 2 bronze daggers, 1 golden ear-ring, 1 ceramic vessel, 1 bone arrowhead. Outside the chamber, there was a deposit of two bucrania with nose rings and a badly preserved wooden object (yoke?, fixing pole?).</p> <p>(TIF)</p>
Can neighborhoods protect residents from mental distress during the COVID-19 pandemic? Evidence from Wuhan

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Neighborhoods have begun to play an increasingly prominent role in shaping mental health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic because residents are spending more time at home and in their immediate neighborhoods. Using data collected from 3,031 urban residents during the COVID-19 lockdown of Wuhan, China’s earliest epicenter, this study investigates the relationship between neighborhoods’ social infrastructure and residents’ mental distress. Results of structural equation modeling estimation reveal that services provided by urban residents’ committees (cheng shi ju wei hui) and volunteer groups significantly decrease the adverse impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on residents’ mental health in a Chinese context, and social cohesion is one of the mechanisms underpinning this influence. Residents’ committees and volunteer groups are found to increase their support when neighborhoods are facing an escalated level of COVID-19 risk. The residents who receive more support from their neighborhood organizations perceive a higher level of social cohesion and experience less mental distress. The findings suggest that mobilizing neighborhoods’ organizational resources and fostering social cohesion are crucial strategies to minimizing residents’ mental distress during COVID-19 pandemic. © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
The influences of electronic word of mouth towards consumer purchasing behavior / Ain Nabila Misran Farah and Syahidah Norjai

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

From years to years word of mouth has been very effective tool in marketing of business \nservices. Recently due to the advancement of information technology it has given an \neven more powerful edge for this tool. This research reflects upon this new \ndevelopment of electronic word of mouth and assesses its influence on customers \npurchasing decisions. The influence of electronic word of mouth (eWOM) on consumer \nintention has been known for a long time. This new way of communication might be \nmore powerful in triggering purchasing behavior. This study has examined the influence \nof information influence, reviewer credibility, participation and persuasiveness of \nelectronic word of mouth towards consumer purchasing behavior.From the findings it \ncan be concluded that research objectives have been achieved. The result indicated \nthat information influences, review credibility, participation and persuasiveness were \nsignificantly influences consumer purchasing behavior while the most important factor \nthat influence consumer purchasing behavior is persuasiveness.