jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A brief version of the questionnaire of olfactory disorders in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background The Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders‒Negative Statements (QOD‐NS) is a valuable instrument in the measurement of olfactory‐specific quality of life (QOL). In the clinical setting, patients can be overwhelmed with the time required to complete questionnaires. Our objective was to develop a brief version of the QOD‐NS to streamline clinical care and research. Methods QOD‐NS scores from 221 subjects were used to determine which subset of the 17 QOD‐NS questions best correlated with total and subdomain QOD‐NS scores. An initial pool of 11 questions was made by removing items with ρ < 0.80 to their respective subdomain scores. Next, 500 bootstrapped samples were taken. On each sampe, an all‐subsets regression was performed with total QOD‐NS scores and QOD‐NS subdomain scores as the outcomes. From this, our “top” and “bottom” 10 subsets were identified based on mean r 2 value, representation in bootstrap analysis, and number of items. Results All of our top subsets had excellent correlation with total and subdomain QOD‐NS scores (mean r 2 > 0.90). Our top choice has 7 total questions, is representative of all subdomains, has a mean r 2 = 0.92, and was represented in 323 of our 500 bootstrapped samples. The worst‐performing subset has 5 items, mean r 2 = 0.81, and was represented in only 1 bootstrapped sample. Conclusions Using less than half of the questions in the QOD‐NS, excellent correlations with both total and domain‐specific scores are achieved. A brief version of the QOD‐NS may prove useful in future clinical and research settings.
Engaging With Health Consumers in Scientific Conferences—As Partners not Bystanders

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT Introduction It is now widely recognised that engaging consumers in research activities can enhance the quality, equity and relevance of the research. Much of the commentary about consumer engagement in research focuses on research processes and implementation, rather than dissemination in conference settings. This article offers reflections and learnings from consumers, researchers and conference organisers on the 12th Health Services Research Conference, a biennial conference hosted by the Health Services Research Association of Australia and New Zealand (HSRAANZ). Method We were awarded funds via a competitive application process by Bellberry Limited, a national not‐for‐profit agency with a focus on improving research quality, to incorporate consumer engagement strategies in conference processes and evaluate their impact. Findings Strategies included consumer scholarships, a buddy system, designated quiet space and consumer session co‐chairs; the reflections explored in this paper were collected in the funded, independent evaluation. Our insights suggest a need for more structured consumer involvement in conference planning and design, as well as the development of specific engagement strategies. Conclusion To move toward active partnership in scientific conference settings, our experience reinforces the need to engage consumers as members in designing and conducting research and in presenting research and planning conference content and processes. Public Contribution Consumer engagement in research dissemination at conferences is the focus of this viewpoint article. Consumers were involved in the conception of this article and have contributed to authorship at all stages of revisions and edits.
Clinical and Functional Outcomes in Faller and Non-Faller Older Adults Clustered by Self-Organizing Maps: A Machine-Learning Approach

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A wide range of outcomes makes identifying clinical and functional features distinguishing older persons who fall from non-fallers challenging, especially for professionals with less clinical experience. Thus, this study aimed to map a high-dimensional and complex clinical and functional dataset and determine which outcomes better discriminate older adults with and without self-reported falls. For this, clinical, functional, and cognitive outcomes of 60 community-dwelling older adults classified as fallers and non-fallers were selected based on self-report of a single fall in the last 12 months. An unsupervised intelligent algorithm (Self-Organizing Maps—SOM) was used to cluster and topographically represent the data studied. The SOM model mapped and identified two different groups (topographic error: 0.00; sensitivity: 0.77; precision: 0.42; accuracy: 0.53; F1-score: 0.55) based on self-report of a single fall. We concluded that although two distinct groups were mapped and clustered by the SOM, participants were not necessarily fallers or non-fallers. The increased cost of cognitive demands regarding a motor task (Timed Up and Go Test) and the effect of the Trail Making Test (TMT) Part B regarding TMT Part A could discriminate the functional and cognitive patterns in community-dwelling older adults. Therefore, in clinical practice, identifying patterns involving the interaction between cognition and motor skills, even in once-only faller older adults, can be an efficient approach to assessment and, consequently, to compound intervention programs to prevent falls in this population.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker Levels as Markers for Nursing Home Placement and Survival Time in Alzheimer’s Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) biomarkers are associated with conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), but their predictive value for later end-points has been less evaluated with inconsistent results. Objective: We investigated potential relationships between CSF amyloid-β 1-42 (Aβ 42 ), Phosphorylated tau (P-tau), and Total tau (T-tau) with time to Nursing Home Placement (NHP) and life expectancy after diagnosis. Methods: This prospective observational study included 129 outpatients clinically diagnosed with mild-to-moderate AD who underwent a lumbar puncture. The CSF biomarkers were analysed with xMAP technology. Dates of institutionalisation and death were recorded. Results : After 20 years of follow-up, 123 patients (95%) were deceased. The participants with abnormal P-tau and T-tau (A+ T+ (N)+) died earlier than those with normal P-tau/abnormal T-tau (A+ T- (N)+) (mean, 80.5 vs. 85.4 years). Linear associations were demonstrated between lower Aβ 42 and shorter time to NHP (p = 0.017), and higher P-tau and younger age at death (p = 0.016). No correlations were detected between survival after AD diagnosis and CSF biomarkers. In sexand- age-adjusted Cox regression models, higher P-tau and T-tau were independent predictors of shorter lifespan after diagnosis. In multivariate Cox models, older age and lower baseline cognitive status, but not elevated tau, significantly precipitated both institutionalisation and death. Conclusion: These findings suggest that CSF biomarker levels plateau in the dementia phase of AD, which may limit their possible relationships with clinical end-points, such as NHP and survival time. However, the biomarkers reflect the central pathophysiologies of AD. In particular, pathologic tau is associated with more advanced disease, younger age at onset, and earlier death.
Photoluminescence

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Photoluminescence provides readers with the appropriate background to thoroughly understand chemical literature involving photoluminescence measurements and interpret photoluminescence data from their own research. It includes a primer on experimental methods as well, so that readers with the appropriate instrument-specific training at their institution can begin conducting reliable photoluminescence experiments in their own research. Since it is rare for chemistry undergraduate or graduate programs to include courses entirely devoted to this topic, this e-book bridges that gap to give readers a solid foundation in photoluminescence, which is relevant to many areas of modern research.
Women, homelessness and service provision.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This report presents a detailed analysis of womenâ?Ts experiences of homelessness in Ireland and pays particular attention to their interactions with, and patterns of movement through homeless and other service systems. Introduction p.3 Chapter 1. Women, homelessness and service provision p.4 Chapter 2. Research methodology p.11 Chapter 3. Homeless womenâ?Ts service use patterns and experiences p.15 Chapter 4. Case studies and service provider perspectives on womenâ?Ts homelessness p.39 Conclusion p.53
Has the Free Trade Zone Enhanced the Regional Economic Resilience? Evidence from China

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

This study examines the impact of free trade zone (FTZ) establishment on regional economic resilience (RER) in China, using provincial-level panel data spanning from 2010 to 2022 and a multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) approach. The empirical results indicate that FTZ implementation significantly enhances regional economic resilience by 3.46%, with the development of green finance acting as a key moderating mechanism that amplifies this positive effect. Heterogeneity analysis uncovers notable disparities across policy cohorts and geographical regions: the first wave of FTZs demonstrates the most pronounced resilience-enhancing impact, whereas later cohorts exhibit weaker or even adverse effects. Coastal regions experience substantial benefits from FTZ policies, in contrast to statistically insignificant outcomes observed in inland areas. These findings suggest that strategically expanding the FTZ network, when paired with tailored implementation mechanisms and the integration of green finance, could serve as a powerful policy tool for post-COVID economic recovery. Importantly, by strengthening economic resilience through institutional openness and green investment, this study offers valuable insights into balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability. It provides empirical evidence to support the optimization of FTZ spatial governance and institutional innovation pathways, thereby contributing to the pursuit of sustainable regional development.
Investigation of an Homologous Series of Fatty Acids by TLC. II. Comparison of Separation of Fatty Acids on RP‐18 Plates with Different Mobile Phases

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Fatty acids from octanoic acid to octadecanoic acid have been separated on RP‐18 plates with and without a concentrating zone using methanol–water, ethanol–water, and n‐propanol–water as mobile phases. The cluster analysis for comparison of R M parameters of investigated acids for chromatographic conditions used was proposed. Comparison of differences between R F values showed that acids from nonanoic to octadecanoic are separated on the longest distance, using as mobile phase methanol–water in a volume ratio of 95 + 5 and on RP‐18 plates with and without concentrating zone. Moreover, resolution factor values (R S) calculated suggest that better separations of acids from octanoic to octadecanoic were obtained on RP‐18 plates with a concentrating zone and methanol–water (95 + 5, v/v) as mobile phase.
The BFN Mainstreaming Toolkit. A roadmap to using neglected and underutiliZed species for food system change

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Most development initiatives have one thing in common: their goals can be achieved only if target groups start engaging in new practices and behaviours. Food system actors are critical in shaping our food systems and in driving the transition towards alternative models built around the broader principles of human health and well-being, environmental protection, sustainable production and rural development. While stimulating the integration of local neglected underutilised species (NUS) into production and consumption patterns has shown promising results in creating desired change, few concrete examples exist illustrating how best to engage food system players in this process. The mainstreaming toolkit analyses the barriers that prevent greater use of NUS in food and nutrition security strategies and centres on the experiences of Brazil, Kenya, Sri Lanka and Turkey in identifying over 190 NUS for greater integration and use. Countries wishing to replicate the approach will learn how to work with researchers to prioritise and generate information on NUS of nutritional importance; how to support farmers to grow and value this diversity; how to create enabling policy environments that recognise the role of biodiversity for better food and nutrition and; how to generate appreciation and demand for locally important NUS so as to bring about positive change.
Online Tool for Analysis of Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis Profiles

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT We present an online tool (EquiBands, http://www.univie.ac.at/IECB/limno/equibands/EquiBands.html ) that quantifies the matching of two bands considered to be the same in different samples, even when samples are applied to different denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis gels. With an environmental example we demonstrate the procedure for the classification of two bands of different samples with the help of EquiBands.
A Comparative Study of Short-Term Efficacy of Intra-articular Hypertonic Saline and Hypertonic Dextrose Prolotherapy in Knee Osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial (RCT)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common public health disease with an increasing prevalence. It is one of the leading causes of disability, especially in the elderly. Intra-articular hypertonic dextrose prolotherapy is one of the therapies used for KOA. There have been some articles indicating that patients receiving intra-articular normal saline as a control group of the article had improvement as well. The aim of this randomized clinical trial study was to evaluate the efficacy of intra-articular hypertonic saline in comparison with hypertonic dextrose prolotherapy in treatment of KOA.Methods: A total of 54 patients with KOA were randomized in two groups: hypertonic dextrose (28 patients) and hypertonic saline groups (26 patients). All patients received three intra-articular injections of either hypertonic dextrose or hypertonic saline at two weeks intervals. The values obtained by visual analogue pain scale (VAS), Oxford knee scale (OKS), and Western Ontario McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire were the outcome measures which were evaluated before, as well as 2 and 4 weeks after the injections. The data were analyzed using t-test and repeated measurement tests.Results: Both groups revealed improvements in outcome measures after 2 and 4 weeks of intervention. However, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups.Conclusion: We concluded that the intra-articular injection of hypertonic dextrose and hypertonic saline are both effective in the management of KOA. Hypertonic saline can be considered as another medical agent in management of KOA. However, further studies are suggested to evaluate its long-term effects.
The Byrd Edition; Gradualia II

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Byrd Edition; Gradualia II Get access William Byrd: Gradualia II (1607): Christmas to Easter, ed. Philip Brett, The Byrd Edition, VII/a (London: Stainer & Bell, 1997), £60.00 David Skinner David Skinner Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Early Music, Volume XXVI, Issue 1, February 1998, Pages 151–152, https://doi.org/10.1093/earlyj/XXVI.1.151 Published: 01 February 1998
Correlation between the molecular weight and potency of polar compounds which induce the differentiation of HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Structure-activity studies of a series of polar organic compounds, including N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylformamide, and related ureas and acetamides, were performed with regard to their ability to promote the terminal differentiation of the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 to granulocyte-like cells. Functional and morphological criteria were used to assess the percentage of differentiated cells which arose from their continuous incubation with different concentrations of each agent over a period of 96 h. All of the alkylformamides, alkylacetamides, and alkylureas tested were found to induce differentiation, regardless of structure. Inspection of the results showed that there was a linear relationship (r = -0.937) between the molecular weight of each compound and the logarithm of the concentration which was required to bring about the differentiation of the greatest number of cells, while viability was generally maintained at greater than 85%. Once established, this relationship was used to predict the potency of several polar solvents which were structurally unrelated to the formamides. For example, methanol, ethanol, and acetone were all inducers of differentiation with a potency predictable from their molecular weight alone. The terminal differentiation induced by all of the compounds was only accomplished by cells which were capable of replication prior to differentiation. At concentrations which prevented a single replication and brought about a fall in cell viability over 96 h, no differentiation was observed. A correlation was observed between the molecular weight of each compound and the logarithm of its concentration to bring about cytotoxicity without differentiation (r = -0.935), and the line was almost parallel to that defining the concentration required for optimal differentiation (slope values of -0.02126 and -0.02288). A poorer (r = -0.6654) correlation was found between the logarithm of the octanol-water partition coefficient and the logarithm of the concentration required for optimal differentiation, when the data for 12 of the polar organic compounds were analyzed. The results suggest that no special structural requirements are necessary for the alkylformamides, -acetamides, -ureas, and related compounds to induce the terminal differentiation of HL-60 cells to granulocyte-like cells, but that the activity of each compound could be predicted from their molecular weight. The concentrations required to induce differentiation were marginally lower than those which were cytostatic or cytotoxic, which suggested that a toxic threat to the cells was sufficient to induce differentiation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Evaluation of the degree of the effect of hardening time and the influence of the clay acid reagent on the elastic-strength properties of cement stone

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Аннотация.В статье приводятся и анализируются результаты исследований упругопрочностных свойств цементного камня при затвердевании в различных временных границах и воздействии глинокислотного реагента.Отражены изменения прочности, модуля Юнга
DIET CORRECTION OF GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT DYSFUNCTIONS OF INFANTS AFTER CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The article analyzes mechanisms of occurrence of gastrointestinal tract dysfunctions of infants after cerebral ischemia. It describes the clinical symptomatology of gastrointestinal impairment, particularly associated with vegetovisceral impairment, lactase deficiency, cow's milk protein intolerance. It gives recommendations about diet correction of gastrointestinal tract dysfunctions of infants.
Key words: infants, gastrointestinal tract dysfunctions, dietotherapy.
Optimal shortcut approach based on an easily obtained intermediate Hamiltonian

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We present a general approach to speed up the adiabatic process without adding the traditional counterdiabatic driving (CD) Hamiltonian. The strategy is to design an easy-to-get intermediate Hamiltonian to connect the original Hamiltonian and final transitionless Hamiltonian. With final transitionless Hamiltonian, the same target can be achieved as in the adiabatic process governed by the original Hamiltonian, but in a shorter time. We apply the present approach to a three-level system, and the result shows that the final transitionless Hamiltonian usually has the same structure as the original Hamiltonian but with different time-dependent coefficients, allowing speedup to be achieved in a much easier way compared to previous methods.
Accountable Tracing Signatures from Lattices

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Group signatures allow users of a group to sign messages anonymously in the name of the group, while incorporating a tracing mechanism to revoke anonymity and identify the signer of any message. Since its introduction by Chaum and van Heyst (EUROCRYPT 1991), numerous proposals have been put forward, yielding various improvements on security, efficiency and functionality. However, a drawback of traditional group signatures is that the opening authority is given too much power, i.e., he can indiscriminately revoke anonymity and there is no mechanism to keep him accountable. To overcome this problem, Kohlweiss and Miers (PoPET 2015) introduced the notion of accountable tracing signatures (ATS) - an enhanced group signature variant in which the opening authority is kept accountable for his actions. Kohlweiss and Miers demonstrated a generic construction of ATS and put forward a concrete instantiation based on number-theoretic assumptions. To the best of our knowledge, no other ATS scheme has been known, and the problem of instantiating ATS under post-quantum assumptions, e.g., lattices, remains open to date. In this work, we provide the first lattice-based accountable tracing signature scheme. The scheme satisfies the security requirements suggested by Kohlweiss and Miers, assuming the hardness of the Ring Short Integer Solution (RSIS) and the Ring Learning With Errors (RLWE) problems. At the heart of our construction are a lattice-based key-oblivious encryption scheme and a zero-knowledge argument system allowing to prove that a given ciphertext is a valid RLWE encryption under some hidden yet certified key. These technical building blocks may be of independent interest, e.g., they can be useful for the design of other lattice-based privacy-preserving protocols.
Cenotaphs and Sacred Localities

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

A noticeable feature with regard to sacred localities (sacred springs, trees, wells and the like) not only in Ancient Greece, but also in other lands, is the frequent association of the sacred spot with the supposed grave of a saint, prophet or holy man. For example, a long list of sacred localities in the Punjab was published by Miss Burne and Mr. Rose in Folklore , xxi 2 and it will be seen that the feature to which I have alluded, is as prominent here as in the traditions of Ancient Greece. It has, of course, attracted the attention of the authors, who offer two slightly different explanations of the phenomenon, (1) ‘The power of the original healer has passed into his tomb instead of into his descendants, or has been communicated by him to a well instead of to a disciple.’ This explanation, it will be observed, admits the existence of the buried prophet and his holiness as the ultimate source of the power of the locality. (2) It may be doubted whether those legendary Fakîrs, who are said to have given power to the wells, are not in reality early devotees of the wells in question, whose memory lingers at the places they themselves worshipped, and beside which they were frequently buried.