jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
A COST-EFFECTIVE PROCESS FOR SYNTHESIZING MAGNESIUM BORATE NANORODS AND ITS MECHANICAL PROPERTY FOR REINFORCED NYLON-6 COMPOSITES

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Magnesium borate ( Mg 2 B 2 O 5 ) nanorods were synthesized by a two-step process, including solution-chemical technology and a ternary-flux method, using concentrated seawater and H 3 BO 3 as raw materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the sample had triclinic structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) indicated that it consisted of rod-like particles with an average diameter of 100–150 nm and length over 5 μm. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) confirmed that the melting point of the ternary-flux and the formation temperature of Mg 2 B 2 O 5 were lower than single-flux process. The formation of Mg 2 B 2 O 5 nanorods was more efficient by ternary-flux than single-flux. Mechanical property of Mg 2 B 2 O 5 nanorods reinforced Nylon-6 composites showed that KH550 was the optimal coupling agent and made the strength of the composites to be improved to different degrees.
Hydrogen peroxide formation in oxidations catalysed by plant α-hydroxyacid oxidase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Research Article| September 01 1952 Hydrogen peroxide formation in oxidations catalysed by plant α-hydroxyacid oxidase R. H. Kenten; R. H. Kenten 1Biochemistry Department, Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Hertfordshire Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar P. J. G. Mann P. J. G. Mann 1Biochemistry Department, Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Hertfordshire Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1952) 52 (1): 130–134. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0520130 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation R. H. Kenten, P. J. G. Mann; Hydrogen peroxide formation in oxidations catalysed by plant α-hydroxyacid oxidase. Biochem J 1 September 1952; 52 (1): 130–134. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0520130 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1952 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1952 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
RESEARCHES ON THIAZOLES. VI. A NEW GROUP OF DYES FROM POISON GASES THROUGH THE 2-AMINOTHIAZOLES AS INTERMEDIATES. THE PREPARATION OF THIAZOLE DYES OF DOEBNER VIOLET TYPE1,2

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRESEARCHES ON THIAZOLES. VI. A NEW GROUP OF DYES FROM POISON GASES THROUGH THE 2-AMINOTHIAZOLES AS INTERMEDIATES. THE PREPARATION OF THIAZOLE DYES OF DOEBNER VIOLET TYPE1,2Marston Taylor Bogert and Moses ChertcoffCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1924, 46, 12, 2864–2871Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1924Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1924https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01677a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01677a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Technological quality increase in surfaces of parts with plasma carbonization

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

In the paper there is considered a new paper of plasma carbonization with the use of a graphite coating consisting of graphite, liquid glass and others. A procedure of coating production and the fulfillment of the experiment on coating and melting are shown. A new mechanism of carbon diffusion from coating into metal under the influence of plasma electric arc is offered. The character of surface micro-relief changes after carbonization is analyzed. When using the mentioned method of carbonization it is possible to increase micro-hardness of steel St3 4-5 times (up to 12000 MPa). The depth of a carbonized layer is within the limits of 50-200 µm (in the mode without surface melting) and 300 - 3000µm (in the mode of surface melting). It is shown that the application of liquid glass at the coating formation has a positive effect on surface roughness with the increase of liquid glass quantity roughness decreases.
Reliability study of high brightness leds under high frequency switching current and thermal cycling condition

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

With the development in Visible Light Communication (VLC), and LED is a key component in that system, study the reliability of LED under power cycling and thermal cycling becomes a popular project around the world. In this project, by understanding and summarizing lots of previous researches in LED reliability, a re-designed circuit is used for testing the optical output of LED under power and thermal cycling. After comparing the data with previous studies, switching frequency seems to be an important coefficient in LED degradation, especially the chip, and lots of data shows thermal cycling can accelerate the degradation of whole package.
Psychosocial risk and protective influences in Hawaiian adolescent psychopathology.

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

A large community sample of adolescents of a Native Hawaiian (Asian/ Pacific Islander) minority group was studied along with a small comparison group of non-Hawaiians, for the relationship between psychopathology (as measured by standard symptom scales) and (a) perceived support from family and friends, and (b) discussing problems with others. Expected gender patterns for friend support but not for family support were found. The Hawaiian boys appeared atypical, reporting nearly equal family support as Hawaiian girls. Discussing problems with another person was correlated with lower anxiety and depression scores but not aggression and substance abuse scores. It is concluded that gender and cultural factors influence symptom prevalence and severity as well as the impact of psychosocial risk factors.
Molecular Localization of the Full Profile of the Continuous Regions Recognized by Myoglobin Primed T-Cells Using Synthetic Overlapping Peptides Encompassing the Entire Molecule

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The molecular localization of the full antigenic profile for T-cell recognition of a complex multi-determinant protein antigen has not to date been accomplished. Previously, this laboratory has introduced a comprehensive strategy for the systematic localization of all continuous antigenic sites within a protein. This strategy depends on the synthesis of a series of overlapping peptides that together account for the entire structure of a protein. Such a strategy has been applied, in this report, to the delineation of the continuous sites of T-cell recognition of sperm whale myoglobin. Thirteen peptides, accounting for the entire protein chain, were synthesized and subsequently examined in vitro for their ability to stimulate lymph node cells from myoglobin primed DBA/2 (H-2d) mice, a known high responder. This strategy has enabled for the first time the localization of the full profile of the protein regions which contain the sites of T-cell recognition. Three regions gave a high response (one being immunodominant and coinciding with antigenic, i.e. antibody binding, site 4 of myoglobin). At least three regions appear to coincide with previously known antigenic (antibody binding) sites. Noteworthy is the finding of regions that are recognized by T-cells but to which no detectable antibody response is directed.
Mechanism of regulating the resistance of prostate cancer PC-3 cells to cisplatin through enhancing cell gap junctions by evodiamine

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective
To evaluate the effect of the combination of cisplatin and evodiamine on the growth of PC-3 cells and gap junction intercellular communication(GJIC).

Methods
Human prostate cancer PC-3 cells in logarithmic growth phase were cultured in vitro and then treated with various concentrations of cisplatin(5,10,15,20μmol/L)or evodiamine(0. 4μmol/L)combined with various concentrations of cisplatin(5, 10, 15, 20μmol/L).The effects of the proliferation was investigated by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay.Apoptosis rate, and cell cycle distribution were examined by Annexin V-fluoresceine isothiocyanate(FITC)/propidium iodide(PI) double staining flow cytometry.The expression of connexin43(Cx43) protein was detected by Western blotting.The changes in the GJIC function were observed by FRAP.

Results
Fluorescence recovery rate was(41. 93± 1. 30)%,(36. 32±2. 33)%,(30. 81±1. 43)%, and(22. 54±1. 70)% in cisplatin groups, and (69. 86±2. 16)%,(50. 03±5. 00)%,(45. 38±2. 59)%, and(34. 01±4. 01)% in cisplatin+ evodiamine groups with statistically significant differences within groups respectively(P< 0. 05 for all). Fluorescence recovery rate, apoptosis rate, and the expression of Cx43 protein in cisplatin+ evodiamine groups were significantly increased as compared with cisplatin groups(P< 0. 05 for all).

Conclusion
Evodiamine could recover the gap junction intercellular communication through increasing the expression of Cx43 protein and enhancing the cytotoxicity of cisplatin to prostate cancer PC-3 cells.

Key words:
Evodiamine; Cisplatin; Prostate cancer; Gap junctioninter cellular communication
Plannable Demand Load in Size Optimisation of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

Size optimisation of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) is aimed at finding a solution which supplies a reliable power with minimum cost for a predefined demand load. In industrial applications, the demand load is mainly due to the operation of machines. In many cases there is some level of flexibility in the scheduling of the operation of machines. In other words, the demand load can have different forms. This is in contrary to the common practice in which the demand load is assumed to have a fixed profile. This paper presents the results of a preliminary study on the effect of including the flexibility in load scheduling in size optimization of HRES.
Digestion Resistance of Soybean 7S Protein and Its Implications for Reinforcing the Gastric Mucus Barrier

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Previous studies have found that soybean protein, especially soybean 7S protein (β-conglycinin), exhibits digestion resistance, but the mechanism of digestion resistance and its implications for human health are still unclear. Here, we show that the extracted soybean 7S protein contains both oligomer globulins and amyloid aggregates, while the gastric digested soybean 7S protein only contains amyloid aggregates and thus exhibits digestion resistance. An animal experiment shows that un-digestible soybean 7S protein effectively prevents aspirin-induced acute gastric mucosa damage. The impacts of un-digestible soybean 7S protein on gastric mucus barrier properties are investigated using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), Langmuir monolayer, and multiple particle tracking (MPT). Results show that these un-digestible protein aggregates can penetrate into gastric mucus, increase the viscosity and compactness of the mucin layer, and reinforce the gastric mucus barrier properties. The findings are helpful to understand that high consumption of non-fermented soybean foods is associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer.
PERFORMANCE OF ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING WITH SIGNAL SPACE DIVERSITY VIA SUBCARRIER COORDINATE INTERLEAVING OVER NAKAGAMI-M AND RICIAN FADING CHANNELS

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In this work, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technique is combined with signal space diversity and error probability performance of the system is inspected for binary phase shift keying modulation over slow frequency-selective Nakagami-m and Rician fading channels. First, appropriate subcarrier coordinate interleaving techniques are obtained based on the number of subcarriers, the number of resolvable multipaths, and the fading parameters. It is shown that appropriate subcarrier coordinate interleaving techniques under some of the investigated scenarios are the same as the ones under the Rayleigh fading scenario. Subsequently, the bit error rate of the studied system is compared with the bit error rate of the original system. Further, it is demonstrated that the considered system provides significant performance gain beyond the original orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technique under different scenarios.
FORAGE YIELD, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND POTENTIAL MILK YIELD USING MAIZE SILAGE FROM ASIA, EUROPE, NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICAN CONTINENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

<p><strong>Background</strong>. Corn (<em>Zea mays </em>L.) silage is the most widely used energy resource in dairy cattle diets worldwide, standing out mainly for its higher biomass yields, good palatability, homogeneous quality at harvest and ease of ensiling due to higher soluble sugar content, with respect to other grasses. <strong>Objective</strong>. To make a systematic review of the characteristics of silage production, its chemical composition, and its potential milk production in different parts of the world, according to the data obtained.<strong> Methodology</strong>. A search for studies on the production and chemical composition of maize silage was carried out worldwide. For this purpose, a search for information was carried out in the following databases, published between 2000 and 2020.The potential milk yield per hectare (kg milk/ha) was calculated using the MILK2006® program. To analyze the relationship between all variables a multivariate analysis approach was used implementing a Factorial Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD). <strong>Main Findings</strong>.<strong> </strong>The overall maize silage yield median is 12.55 ton DM/ha, median density 80,000 plants per hectare. Median dry matter (DM) is 30.5 g/100 g DM, with median dry matter digestibility (DMD) 66.6 g/100 g DM. The median TDN is 64.7 g/100 g DM, producing a median of 506 kg milk/ton DM and 22968 kg milk/ha. Asia had the highest DM Yield/ton ha and DMD (P &lt; 0.001) followed by Europe, and North America. No differences by continent (P &gt; 0.05) were found in TDN, kg milk/ton DM and kg milk/ha.<strong> </strong>Asia and North America continent had the best silage characteristics (DM and DMD), but this did not affect milk production being similar among continents. <strong>Implications</strong>. The analysis was limited to published scientific contributions only, however, not all the articles in the survey could be used, because they did not meet the criteria for inclusion. <strong>Conclusion</strong>. The Asian and North American continents had the best silage characteristics (DM and DMD), but this did not affect milk production using the MILK2006® programme, being similar between continents.</p>
CONSORT Checklist and Trial Protocol for the Study 'Effects of Bromfenac on Macular Thickness After Phacoemulsification Surgery'"

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

This upload contains the completed CONSORT checklist, trial protocol, and flow diagram for the clinical trial ‘Effects of Bromfenac on Macular Thickness After Phacoemulsification Surgery.’ These files are made publicly available to support the transparency and reproducibility of the trial."
Menstrual Hygiene Management and its Association with Socio-economic Inequalities: A Cross-Sectional Study at Two Tertiary Care Hospitals of Rawalpindi

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Objective: To assess the degree of awareness and affordability of menstrual products among women of various socioeconomic classes. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Department, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi and Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Jul 2023. Methodology: A total of 434 females aged 15-49 years were included, out of which 217 were from Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi and 217 from Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. A validated, structured questionnaire was given to all respondents. to compare associations of socio-economic status with knowledge and affordability of menstrual products. Results: Data showed a positive association between mothers’ level of education and their daughters’ early knowledge of menstruation. The source of this knowledge predominantly is mother. When use of product of choice, reasons for not using a tampon/menstrual cup, washing genitalia after each toilet visit, bathing and reasons for not bathing during menses, pain relieve during menses and indulgence in going out during menses were compared in respondents with higher education versus lower education, there was significant association seen in the higher educational group (p<0.01). Higher family income was also significantly associated with better hygiene practices amongst the respondents. Conclusion: Our research underscores the importance of cognizance of mothers through early education, to ensure that young girls are not only well-aware at the age of menarche but also enabled to track their menstrual health confidently. Education should be coupled with accessible and affordable menstrual products to empower women for making informed choices.
The Transition from Corporate Governance to Bankruptcy Governance – Convergence of German and US law?

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The recently established doctrine of ‘deepening insolvency’, as an independent cause of action and/or theory of damages, holds a defendant liable for causing an insolvent company to incur additional debt in order to sustain its life. Based on a comparative analysis of the German concept of liability for delaying formal insolvency proceedings and the doctrine of ‘deepening insolvency, ’ this paper attempts to ascertain whether, and to what extent, convergence of German and US law can be observed in respect of the transition from corporate governance to bankruptcy governance.
Scalar field as a model describing the birth of the Universe

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We investigate a scalar field described by a cubic nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation. Using approximate solutions we study the models for the scalar fields and the scalar potentials. The evolution of the field is determined by the quantum perturbations, bifurcations and resonances. We believe that the solutions give coherent model for the emergence and initial evolution of the Universe. A scenario is developed, when the Universe begins in a state that differs greatly from that of the theories of the Big Bang and the inflation.
Leaving Group Activation and Pyrophosphate Ionic State at the Catalytic Site of Plasmodium falciparum Orotate Phosphoribosyltransferase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Plasmodium falciparum orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (PfOPRT) catalyzes the reversible pyrophosphorolysis of orotidine 5'-monophosphate (OMP). Transition-state analysis from kinetic isotope effects supports a dianionic orotic acid (OA) leaving group. Isotope-edited Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry complemented by homology modeling and quantum chemical calculations were used to characterize the orotate hydrogen-bond network for PfOPRT. Bond stretch frequencies for C(2)═O and C(4)═O of OMP were established from (13)C-edited FTIR difference spectra. Both frequencies were shifted downward by 20 cm(-1) upon formation of the Michaelis complex. Hydrogen-bond interactions to the orotate moiety induce strong leaving group polarization by ground-state destabilization. The C(2)═O bond is 2.7 Å from two conserved water molecules, and the C(4)═O bond is within 2.4 Å of the NH(2)(ω) of Arg241 and the peptide NH of Phe97. Relative to free OMP, the N1 atom of PfOPRT-bound OMP indicates a ΔpK(a) of -4.6. The decreased basicity of N1 supports leaving group activation through a hydrogen-bond network at the PfOPRT active site. PfOPRT in complex with (18)O-PPi and a proposed transition-state analogue revealed a trianionic PPi nucleophile with no significant P··O bond polarization, supporting a mechanism proceeding through the migration of the ribocation toward the PPi. These results along with previous PfOPRT transition-state analyses provide reaction coordinate information for the PfOPRT-catalyzed OMP pyrophosphorolysis reaction.
Further Cultures of Heteroecious Rusts

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Field observations extending over several years, and culture experiments during the spring of I9II, furnished evidence that the fern rusts of the genus Uredinopsis are heteroecious, and have their aecia on Abies balsamea; these aecia being the whitespored forms that have passed as Peridermium balsameum Peck. The infection experiments during I9II were inconclusive, so further experiments which are described in the following pages were undertaken in I912 to establish if possible the connection of these forms.
Analytical Studies On Volume Determination Of Leg Ulcer Using Structured Light And Laser Triangulation Data Acquisition Techniques

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Imaging is defined as the process of obtaining geometric images either two dimensional or three dimensional by scanning or digitizing the existing objects or products. In this research, it applied to retrieve 3D information of the human skin surface in medical application. This research focuses on analyzing and determining volume of leg ulcers using imaging devices. Volume determination is one of the important criteria in clinical assessment of leg ulcer. The volume and size of the leg ulcer wound will give the indication on responding to treatment whether healing or worsening. Different imaging techniques are expected to give different result (and accuracies) in generating data and images. Midpoint projection algorithm was used to reconstruct the cavity to solid model and compute the volume. Misinterpretation of the results can affect the treatment efficacy. The objectives of this paper is to compare the accuracy between two 3D data acquisition method, which is laser triangulation and structured light methods, It was shown that using models with known volume, that structured-light-based 3D technique produces better accuracy compared with laser triangulation data acquisition method for leg ulcer volume determination.