jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Poly(dimethylsiloxane)/ZnO Nanoflakes/Three-Dimensional Graphene Heterostructures for High-Performance Flexible Energy Harvesters with Simultaneous Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Generation

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Herein, we report the successful synthesis of poly(dimethylsiloxane)/ZnO nanoflakes/three-dimensional graphene (PDMS/ZnO NFs/3D Gr) heterostructures using Ni foams as the template substrate via a facile route, while adapting a rational material design for a high-performance energy-harvester application. The PDMS/ZnO NFs/3D Gr heterostructure-based hybrid energy harvester simultaneously exploits the piezoelectric effect and triboelectrification and shows peak-to-peak output voltages up to 122 V and peak-to-peak current densities up to 51 μA cm-2, resulting in an ultrahigh power density of 6.22 mW cm-2. Furthermore, we have evaluated the performance of the PDMS/ZnO NFs/3D Gr heterostructure-based hybrid energy harvester by demonstrating its capacity to instantaneously power up 68 commercially available light-emitting diodes without the need for an additional energy-storage device. The excellent performance of these energy harvesters suggests that PDMS/ZnO NFs/3D Gr heterostructures present a viable strategy for the development of high-performance, flexible, wearable energy-harvesting devices.
FOUR / Climactic Harmonies

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract Sixteenth century historians and jurists in France elaborated a position of legal relativism as a means of asserting independence from canons of Roman law and the domination of the Roman Catholic Church. Drawing on the premise that different peoples required different laws and political institutions, Jean Bodin elaborated a comparative scheme, based on Hippocrates, and Aristotle's theories of the effect of climate upon the body's humors. Those who lived in hot, cold, and temperate climates had different dispositions, with denizens of temperate climates best suited to rule. Large parts of Europe were outside the temperate zone, which also included Turkey, Persia, and China. Cold climates were associated with the development of the body as opposed to the mind, as opposed to hot climates, including Morocco and Abyssinia, praised for their religiosity. Bodin also wrote a long dialogue between partisans of different religions, promoting an ideal of religious harmony rather than the exclusive domination of any single religion.
Scutellarein suppresses Aβ‑induced memory impairment via inhibition of the NF‑κB pathway in�vivo and in�vitro

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The flavonoid compound scutellarin (Scu) is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat a variety of diseases; however, the use of scutellarein (Scue), the hydrolysate of Scu, and its mechanisms of action in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, the effects of Scue on amyloid β (Aβ)-induced AD-like pathology were investigated. An in vitro model of inflammation and an aged rat model were used to confirm the effects of Scue. In vitro MTT assays and flow cytometry were used to assess the effects of Scue on cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. A Morris water maze was used to evaluate spatial learning and memory, and the levels of Aβ deposition, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, apoptosis, neuro-inflammatory factors and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in hippocampal tissues in vivo were measured to determine the effect of Scue in AD. Scue may be protective, as it decreased the apoptosis of hippocampal cells in vitro, inhibited Aβ-induced cognitive impairment, suppressed hippocampal neuro-inflammation and suppressed activation of NF-κB in vivo. Therefore, Scue may be a useful agent for the treatment of Aβ-associated pathology in the central nervous system through inhibition of the protein kinase B/NF-κB signaling pathway and thus, future studies are required to investigate the efficacy of Scue in patients with AD.
Incorporeal: Lacan’s logical solution to Freudian aporias related to space

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

ABSTRACT: This article presents some findings derived from the doctoral thesis entitled Subject Topos. The problem of space in psychoanalysis. The aim is to show how Lacan used the logic of ancient stoicism to solve the Freudian problems related to space, which posed difficulties both in locating the unconscious spatially, and in clearly establishing a conception of the body, thus solving the advantages derived from the limits imposed by Aristotelian logic and Newtonian mechanics.
Categorical centers and Yetter--Drinfel`d-modules as 2-categorical (bi)lax structures

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

The bicategorical point of view provides a natural setting for many concepts in the representation theory of monoidal categories. We show that centers of twisted bimodule categories correspond to categories of 2-dimensional natural transformations and modifications between the deloopings of the twisting functors. We also show that dualities lift to centers of twisted bimodule categories. Inspired by the notion of (pre)bimonoidal functors due to McCurdy and Street and by bilax functors of Aguiar and Mahajan, we study 2-dimensional functors which are simultaneously lax and colax with a compatibility condition. Our approach uses a sort of 2-categorical Yang-Baxter operators, but the idea could equally be carried out using a kind of 2-categorical braidings. We show how this concept, which we call bilax functors, generalize many known notions from the theory of Hopf algebras. We propose a 2-category of bilax functors whose 1-cells generalize the notions of Yetter-Drinfel`d modules in ordinary categories, and a type of bimonads and mixed distributive laws in 2-categories. We show that the 2-category of bilax functors from the trivial 2-category is isomorphic to the 2-category of bimonads, and that there is a faithful 2-functor from the latter to the 2-category of mixed distributive laws of Power and Watanabe.
Switched-inductor converter multilevel DC/AC inverters used in solar panel energy systems

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This report introduces a new approach of the development of multilevel DC/AC inverters. The Switched-Inductor Converter Multilevel DC/AC Inverter has a simple structure and clear operation. This new structure differs to the many other multilevel DC/AC inverters by having much lesser components (independent/floating batteries/sources, diodes, Capacitors and switches). It makes use of only 1 inductor in any mode of operation regardless of how great the difference is between the input and output voltages. In this report, we discuss information pertaining to Solar Panel systems, Switched-Inductor Converter and Multilevel Inverters. This project enhances the success of its implementation to solar panel systems through simulation and experimental results. The simulation of this project is done using Psim.
Construction of Industrial Ecosystem of an Electric Company under Ecological Perspective

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Be confronted with more and more fierce competition environment, only by constantly integrating, constructing and restructuring internal and external resources as well as capabilities can enterprises adapt themselves to the rapidly changing environment and maintain the advantages of sustained competition. Business competition has changed from product competition of single enterprise to competition of bussiness ecosystem. Therefore, how to build a business system is the key to win competition. This paper draws lessons from business ecosystem and industrial ecosystem concept and takes the subordinate industry company of a large enterprise as the research object. On the the basis of combing its characteristics and organizational structure, an industrial ecosystem is tired to constructed.
Vitamin D testing in pregnancy: Does one size fit all?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Vitamin D deficiency is common. What the optimum level of vitamin D in pregnancy and whether vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy confers improved health benefits remain controversial. Aim To assess vitamin D status in pregnant women in a maternity service that recommends routine antenatal screening and advises supplementation where necessary, and to assess relationships between early pregnancy vitamin D levels and changes in vitamin D across pregnancy with pregnancy outcomes. Materials and Methods Vitamin D serum concentrations were measured in early and late pregnancy. The relationships between initial vitamin D status, maternal factors and pregnancy outcomes were estimated. Change in vitamin D over pregnancy was quantified. The relationship between change in vitamin D over pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes was also estimated. Results Of 1550 women, 849 (55%) were vitamin D deficient (<50 nmol/L), 571 (37%) were insufficient (50–74 nmol/L), and 130 (8%) were replete (≥75 nmol/L) in early pregnancy. Factors associated with deficiency were increased body mass index, pregnancy in either winter or spring months, and maternal country of birth (South‐East, South and East Asia, and Africa). Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency in early pregnancy was significantly associated with developing gestation diabetes mellitus. Levels of vitamin D significantly increased over pregnancy among nonreplete women. Increasing vitamin D over pregnancy was not related to pregnancy outcomes. Conclusion Vitamin D ‘deficiency’ is common but may not be associated with most adverse pregnancy outcomes. Routine vitamin D testing of all pregnant women does not appear warranted.
Alkylamine-Dependent Amino-Acid Oxidation by Lysine Monooxygenase—Fragmented Substrate of Oxygenase

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Lysine monooxygenase catalyzes the oxygenative decarboxylation of L-lysine and produces a corresponding acid amide. L-Alanine was inactive as substrate. However, when propylamine was present, oxidation, but not oxygenation, of alanine was demonstrated with the oxygenase. Alanine was converted to pyruvate, with the liberation of ammonia and hydrogen peroxide, but propylamine remained unchanged. Other α-monoamino acids were also oxidized in the presence of alkylamines with various carbon chain lengths. The highest oxidase activity was observed when the total chain length of both amino acid and amine was nearly identical with that of lysine. Available evidence indicates that the amine-dependent amino-acid oxidase activity is associated with the lysine oxygenase activity.
Supplementary Material for: Comparative Analyses of the Transcriptome and Proteome of Comte de Paris and Smooth Cayenne to Improve the Understanding of Ethephon-Induced Floral Transition in Pineapple

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Background/Aims: Ethylene is usually used to induce floral transition in pineapple. However, its successful induction in plants categorized as Cayenne is difficult or completely ineffective, and information concerned is limited. The present study was undertaken to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this obstacle. Methods: Transcriptome and proteome comparative analyses were performed to explore the important regulation and pathway variations after ethephon induction in the induction-easy ‘Comte de Paris’ (CP) and induction-hard ‘Smooth Cayenne’ (SC) cultivars via RNA-seq (RNA-sequencing) and iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification). Results: CP and SC exhibited basic differences at the transcriptomic and proteomic levels before ethephon treatment, including the expression of genes and proteins related to ethylene signal transduction. After ethephon induction, the expression of genes and proteins involved in plant ethylene signal transduction and carbohydrate metabolism responded more strongly in CP than in SC. The expression of the floral meristem identity (FMI) genes AG, TFL and FT exhibited greater changes in CP, and more transcription factors responded in SC. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses revealed that many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CP were annotated to terms and pathways involved in photoperiodism and shared components involved in carbohydrate metabolism and plant hormone signal transduction. Conclusion: These findings contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the variation between CP and SC in response to ethephon-mediated floral induction.
Comparing the Implementation of a Best Practice Crime Policy Across Cities

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

There is a substantial gap in knowledge of the practical application of comprehensive “best practice” public policies and how these policies are actually implemented. This research examines implementation of a comprehensive best practices gang reduction policy across three cities. Action research case study methodology shows that explanations for diverse implementation arose from each city’s ecological constitution, which is a necessary antecedent to categorization according to Matland’s policy implementation typology. This study affirms the use of an ecological perspective and supports the use of Matland’s typology in a collaborative and comparative public policy context.
‘Is It Too Late Now to Say Sorry?’

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract This article explores the use of remorse as a source of leniency at international criminal tribunals. It outlines the difficulties that beset international tribunals’ attempts to develop a clear, consistent conceptualization of the idea of remorse. Using a range of perspectives, it offers ways forward in terms of both comprehending remorse, as experienced by perpetrators of international crimes, and incorporating remorse into the present international criminal legal framework. In particular, it analyses how sincere expressions of remorse within the international criminal courtroom can signal and produce transformative effects for different players operating in the terrain of international criminal justice.
Increasing Notch signaling antagonizes PRC2-mediated silencing to promote reprograming of germ cells into neurons

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cell-fate reprograming is at the heart of development, yet very little is known about the molecular mechanisms promoting or inhibiting reprograming in intact organisms. In the C. elegans germline, reprograming germ cells into somatic cells requires chromatin perturbation. Here, we describe that such reprograming is facilitated by GLP-1/Notch signaling pathway. This is surprising, since this pathway is best known for maintaining undifferentiated germline stem cells/progenitors. Through a combination of genetics, tissue-specific transcriptome analysis, and functional studies of candidate genes, we uncovered a possible explanation for this unexpected role of GLP-1/Notch. We propose that GLP-1/Notch promotes reprograming by activating specific genes, silenced by the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), and identify the conserved histone demethylase UTX-1 as a crucial GLP-1/Notch target facilitating reprograming. These findings have wide implications, ranging from development to diseases associated with abnormal Notch signaling.
Regularity results to the class of variational obstacle problems with variable exponent

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

In this paper we prove local gradient estimates and higher differentiability result for the solutions of variational obstacle inequalities \int_Ω\big<\mathcal{A}(x,u,Du),D(ϕ-u)\big>dx\geq \int_Ω\mathcal{B}(x,u,Du)(ϕ-u)dx. for all $ϕ\in \mathcal{K}_ψ(Ω)$. Here $Ω(\subset\mathbb{R}^n)$ is bounded, $n\geq 2$ and $ψ:Ω\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is called obstacle. Here we deal with variable exponent growth , namely $p(.)$-growth . At first we prove Calderón-Zygmund estiamte and then using this result to prove higher differentiability result in Besov scale.
Leukocytosis as a Paraneoplastic Phenomenon in Patients with Malignant Lung Tumors

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective: leukocytosis as a paraneoplastic syndrome may occasionally occur in patients with lung carcinoma. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of leukocytosis in our sample of patients with lung carcinoma, to determine if leukocytosis is more common with a particular type of lung carcinoma, and whether leukocytosis caused inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics in patients with lung carcinoma. Methods: The study included 100 lung carcinoma patients treated at Department of Lung Diseases, General Hospital, during a three-year period (2003-2006). The methods of descriptive statistics were used on statistical analysis. Results: during a three-year period (2003-2006), 100 patients with lung carcinoma were treated at General Hospital, 23% of them with leukocytosis as a paraneoplastic phenomenon. Antibiotic therapy was prescribed in five of 23 (1,25%) patients. Conclusion: leukocytosis was most frequently associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (43%), however, without statistical significance. Antibiotic therapy was prescribed in 1,25% of leukocytosis patients, suggesting that leukocytosis was correctly recognized as a araneoplastic phenomenon and was not unnecessarily treated with antibiotics.
Examining the Criterion-Validity of Interview Anxiety and Impression Management

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the influence of interview anxiety and impression management (IM) on the criterion validity of the interview. Both factors have been framed as sources of error that hinder the criterion validity of the interview, yet may in fact be valid indicators of how one performs in the job because they are influenced by job-relevant dispositions. Interview anxiety and IM were proposed to capture general propensities; for interview anxiety, an inability to manage stressful interpersonal situations, and for IM, to skilfully manage interpersonal interactions. As such, interview anxiety was proposed to be negatively related, and IM was proposed to be positively related, to future job performance. Further, their influence on interview performance was proposed to positively contribute to the criterion validity of the interview. Two studies of applicants for the position of university Residence Assistant (RA) investigated this possibility. Candidates reported on their interview anxiety and use of IM during the interview. Proxy job performance, confidence ratings in their ability to perform on the job, and multi-source job performance ratings were also collected. Results supported the hypothesis that interview anxiety was a negative predictor of criterion performance in some cases, but that interview anxiety may also be a null- or positive-predictor of performance in other cases. It was proposed that this difference may be due to the influence of training and learning over time. Contrary to expectation, both honest and deceptive IM were found to be negative predictors of job performance when rated by peers and students whom the RAs supervised. Results were mixed with supervisor-ratings of performance, but differences in exposure to the RAs’ performance may explain this discrepancy. Finally, there was no evidence to suggest that interview anxiety or IM contributed to the criterion validity of the interview. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
An analysis of ecological adaptability on Tetraena mongolica Maxim populations

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This study was conducted from May, 2002 to September, 2003 by comparing the growth of Tetraena mongolica Maxim in ex situ seeding area and analyzing the adaptabilities of T.mongolica to soil and climate factors. Some results were shown below: Firstly rank of T.mongolica growth was Dongsheng soil in Wuhai area (12.17g), local soil in Wuhai area (10.57g), Wuhai soil in Dongsheng area (3.10g), and local soil in Dongsheng area (2.59g). There was no significant difference among soil derived from the same area in terms of the amount of growth (p≥0.05). However, the growth of T.mongolica showed more significant difference in the same soil from different areas. Consequently, the survival of T.mongolica was most likely to be determined by climate other than by soil. Secondly content of available N, P, and K showed significant differences between T.mongolica distribution area and their ex situ conservation area. However it contributed little to the growth of T. mongolica. The amount of 9 kinds of trace elements was higher in T.mongolica than in soil, which suggested that this plant had the ability to accumulate trace elements. Therefore the content of 9 trace elements although they showed significant differences. Impacted little on the survival and growth of T.mongolica There were significant differences between T.mongolica distribution area and their ex situ conservation area in annual mean precipitation (157.89381.48mm, p≤0.05), monthly mean precipitation (p≤0.05), annual mean temperature (9.846.16℃, p≤0.05), monthly mean temperature (p≤0.05), warm index (97.646768.2267,p≤0.05), cold index (-39.5200-53.1200,p≤0.05), humidity index (1.61515.6610,p≤0.05), and integrated index of precipitation and temperature (13.603132.6013, p≤0.05). In the distribution area of T. mongolica, the mean day-to-night difference in surface atmosphere temperature is around 12℃. However, this difference for surface soil temperature reaches to about 35℃ due to large amount of middle-fine sand and coarse sand in soil profile. In ex situ conservation area the prevalent soil is chestnut soil containing some clay. The difference in surface soil temperature is very low. Therefore although the day-to-night difference in surface atmosphere temperature is around 10℃ which is almost the same as that in T.mongolica distribution area.
Prospective Study of Quality of Life of Patients Receiving Treatment for Prostate Cancer

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Significant differences were found in QOL as measured with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Treatment-Prostate after treatment with radical prostatectomy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy + seed implantation, or intensity-modulated radiation therapy + high dose rate radiotherapy. Findings may provide healthcare providers with knowledge about treatment sequelae for prostate cancer, enable healthcare providers to educate patients about QOL outcomes of treatment for prostate cancer, and enable patients to make more informed treatment decisions.
Spatiotemporally programming cytokine immunotherapies through protein engineering

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Summary Cytokines have long been considered promising cancer immunotherapy agents due to their endogenous role in activating and proliferating lymphocytes. However, since the initial FDA approvals of Interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) and Interferon‐ɑ (IFNɑ) for oncology over 30 years ago, cytokines have achieved little success in the clinic due to narrow therapeutic windows and dose‐limiting toxicities. This is attributable to the discrepancy between the localized, regulated manner in which cytokines are deployed endogenously versus the systemic, untargeted administration used to date in most exogenous cytokine therapies. Furthermore, cytokines' ability to stimulate multiple cell types, often with paradoxical effects, may present significant challenges for their translation into effective therapies. Recently, protein engineering has emerged as a tool to address the shortcomings of first‐generation cytokine therapies. In this perspective, we contextualize cytokine engineering strategies such as partial agonism, conditional activation and intratumoral retention through the lens of spatiotemporal regulation. By controlling the time, place, specificity, and duration of cytokine signaling, protein engineering can allow exogenous cytokine therapies to more closely approach their endogenous exposure profile, ultimately moving us closer to unlocking their full therapeutic potential.