jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Carcass quality audit - A strategy to improve beef sector in Ethiopia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Ethiopia has the largest cattle population in Africa. However, the potential of the sector has not fully \nutilized. Average carcass weight of cattle, per capita meat consumption and annual volume of meat \nproduced were very low. Experience from developed countries indicates that implementing carcass \nquality audit would aid to identify quality problems, develop strategies and establish an educational \nplan to improve carcass quality. The audit has helped in benchmarking carcass quality parameters to \nquantify the progress of the sector at intervals of time. The purpose of this paper is to develop strategy \non beef carcass quality audit and indicates the possibilities of implementing it at beef export abattoirs \nin Ethiopia.
The relationship between anxiety, somatic symptoms and hardiness in adolescence

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Anxiety is the most common psychological disorder in adolescence.If it is not recognized and treated properly it can cause somatic symptoms or sever illnesses.The aim of the present research is to study the relationship between anxiety and somatic symptoms.Furthermore, it is also an attempt to discover the role of hardiness in buffering stress and anxiety.We tried to find out if there is any difference in hardiness between adolescents with high level of anxiety and adolescents with low level of anxiety.The present study is a quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive study.The sample consists of 232 subjects, randomly chosen, 92 boys and 140 girls, average age is 13.55 years.We found that adolescents with high level of anxiety experience more somatic symptoms and they are less hardy than their peers with low level of anxiety.Overall anxiety explains the 46.1% of somatic symptoms.26.3% of the somatic symptoms can be explained by trait anxiety and 19.8% of somatic symptoms can be explained by state anxiety.Non-hardy attitudes are only responsible for 17% of trait anxiety; it plays a non-determinant role in state anxiety and somatic symptoms.Anxiety and its relation to somatic symptoms are very complex phenomena.Forming out a hardy personality helps dealing with stressful, anxious periods, but hardiness by itself will not protect one from somatic symptoms and anxiety.
Insight, the Essence of Jane Austen's Artistry

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Research Article| December 01 1953 Insight, the Essence of Jane Austen's Artistry Louise D. Cohen Louise D. Cohen Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Nineteenth-Century Fiction (1953) 8 (3): 213–224. https://doi.org/10.2307/3044339 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Louise D. Cohen; Insight, the Essence of Jane Austen's Artistry. Nineteenth-Century Fiction 1 December 1953; 8 (3): 213–224. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3044339 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentNineteenth-Century Literature Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
<title>Reliable location and regression estimates with application to range image segmentation</title>

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Since they provide direct depth measurements from a scene, range images are important sources of information in many 3D robot vision problems such as navigation and object recognition. Many physical factors, however, contribute noise to the discrete measurements in range images, which leads us to reassess the error distribution in samples taken from real range images. This paper suggests the utility of the Lp norms in yielding reliable estimates of location and regression coefficients. This approach is compared against two commonly used approaches: Equally Weighted Least Squares, which minimizes the L2 norm; and the Chebychev approximation, which minimizes the L1 norm. The problem is of a weighted least squares where the weights are derived from the chosen parameter, p. Of particular interest is this parameter's ability to yield a variety of location estimates spanning from the sample mean to the sample median. These two estimates have a wide application in image processing, especially in noise removal tasks. This paper will show the problems associated with these two techniques, and suggest solutions to minimize these problems. The regression module is used in a region-growing segmentation algorithm to provide a reliable partition of range images.
Financial contributions to stepchildren: The role of gender and postdivorce family structure

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Objective This study describes patterns in stepparents' financial contributions and investigates their correlates in diverse stepfamily types. Background Most research has studied contributions at the household level, rarely focusing on stepparents' direct contributions. Including various stepfamily structures (e.g., stepfamilies with joint physical custody), we examine the role of gender and postdivorce family structure for stepparents' contributions. Method Ordinal logistic regression analyses were conducted using the New Families in the Netherlands (NFN) survey, large‐scale data collected among divorced and separated parents with minor children (2015/2016). Reports of respondents with a new partner about this stepparent's financial contributions to a specific focal child were analyzed ( N = 1,439). Results Stepparents' contributions were infrequent, but a sizable minority contributed very often. Stepparents contributed more often when married, when the focal child was coresident, and when the other biological parent of the focal child was repartnered with new biological children, but less often when stepparents had children from a prior relationship. Conclusion Contributions depend on the strength of ties within stepfamilies—as with coresidence and marriage—and to what extent existing biological ties compete with stepparent–child relationships. Implications To better understand the dynamics of contributions, we should also consider the composition of biological ties surrounding stepparent–child relationships.
Differentiating Donor Age Groups Based on Raman Spectroscopy\nof Bloodstains for Forensic Purposes

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Developments in analytical\nchemistry technologies and portable\ninstrumentation over the past decade have contributed significantly\nto a variety of applications ranging from point of care testing to\nindustrial process control. In particular, Raman spectroscopy has\nadvanced for analyzing various types of evidence for forensic purposes.\nExtracting phenotypic information (e.g., sex, race, age, etc.) from\nbody fluid traces is highly desirable for criminal investigations.\nIdentifying the chronological age (CA) of a blood donor can provide\nsignificant assistance to detectives. In this proof-of-concept study,\nRaman spectroscopy and chemometrics have been used to analyze blood\nfrom human donors, and differentiate between them based on their CA\n[i.e., newborns (CA of <1 year), adolescents (CA of 11–13\nyears), and adults (CA of 43–68 years)]. A support vector machines\ndiscriminant analysis (SVMDA) model was constructed, which demonstrated\nhigh accuracy in correctly predicting blood donors’ age groups\nwhere the lowest cross-validated sensitivity and specificity values\nwere 0.96 and 0.97, respectively. Overall, this preliminary study\ndemonstrates the high selectivity of Raman spectroscopy for differentiating\nbetween blood donors based on their CA. The demonstrated capability\ncompletes our suite of phenotype profiling methodologies including\nthe determination of sex and race. CA determination has particular\nimportance since this characteristic cannot be determined through\nDNA profiling unlike sex and race. When completed, the developed methodology\nshould allow for phenotype profiling based on dry traces of body fluids\nimmediately at the scene of a crime. The availability of this information\nwithin the first few hours since the crime discovery could be invaluable\nfor the investigation.
The expression of TGF-β_1 in prostate cancerand its relation withsurvival rate of patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objective To investigate the expression of TGF-β1 in prostate cancer tissues and its relation to survival rate of patients. Methods The expression of TGF-β1 was detected by immunohistochemical method in 41 specimens of prostate tissue and 10 specimens of normal tissue.The survival rate of patientsafter operation was investigated. Results The positive expression rate of TGF-β1 in prostate cancer was 87.81%(36/41), while it was 20.00% (2/10) in controls(P0.01). The positive expression of TGF-β1 in those who died in 2 years after operation was 100%, while in those who died in 2～5 year was 88.27%, and in those who died after 5 years was 72.58%(P0.05). The intermediate and strong positive expression of TGF-β1 in those who died after 5 years was 38.46% (10/26). The negative and lower positive expression of TGF-β1 in those who died after 5 years was 80.00%(12/15). The positive expression of TGF-β1 inprostate cancer TNMⅠ,Ⅱ was 70.83%(17/24) and that was 100%(17/17) in TNM Ⅲ,Ⅳ(P0.05). The positive expression of TGF-β1 in those who had no bone metastasis was 83.87%, while it was 100% in those who had bone metastasis(P0.05). Conclusion The higher TGF-β1 values might be associated with the worse prognosis and rapid progressionof prostate cancer.
Effects of chronic administration and withdrawal of phlorotannin supplement on sleep-wake profiles in mice: A comparative study with the hypnotic drug diazepam

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic administration (21 days) of phlorotannin supplement (PS) on sleep and compare them with the effects of diazepam (DZP), a benzodiazepine hypnotic drug. DZP significantly decreased sleep latency and increased non-rapid eye movement sleep amount on day 1 of administration compared with those at baseline; however, its effects diminished over the administration period. On the contrary, PS showed significant sleep-promoting effects throughout the study period, with no significant difference in efficacy between days 1 and 21. Notably, PS did not cause any changes in the slow wave activity (SWA) throughout the treatment period; whereas, DZP decreased the SWA on day 1 of administration. These results suggest that chronic administration of PS does not induce tolerance, implying its consistent sleep-maintaining effects.
Tables of the Third Integral

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

view Abstract Citations (14) References Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Tables of the Third Integral Contopoulos, G. Abstract The coefficients of the terms of the third integral up to the eighth degree are given in the form of tables for different values of the ratio of the unperturbed frequencies. The cases where this ratio is a rational number n/rn with n + rn < 10 are considered separately. Two applications are made (a) in finding the constancy of the third integral in two cases and (b) in finding the resonance regions in the resonant cases. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Pub Date: October 1966 DOI: 10.1086/190145 Bibcode: 1966ApJS...13..503C full text sources ADS |
[Physiological aging spine].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Physiological aging spine. The process of physiological aging or senescence of the spine begins in the first decade of life and then accelerates from the third. It is essentially fundamentally linked to a phenomenon of entropy that inexorably alters the machinery of all the cells of the body, to which are added random pathologies. Senescence is thus responsible for so-called degenerative multisystem alterations so that the term «degenerative disc disease», is too restrictive and inappropriate. All the connective structures of the column are involved (intervertebral discs, articular joints and vertebral bone) but also muscle, vascular and neural components. In addition, there are neurological abnorma¬lities in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum that regulate the functioning of the verte¬bral column. The sum of the functional and tissue alterations modifies mechanical behavior both in the vertebrae (osteoporosis often complicated by fractures and de¬formities) than that of the intervertebral mobile segments, responsible for disc rupture, spondylolisthesis or degenerative deformities sometimes complicated by radicular or myelopathic abnormalities depending on the levels concerned. The impact of degene¬rative lesions in the spine is, however, highly variable from one subject to another depending on genetics, lifestyle, and for low back pain, the psychosocial context.
The Severity of Environmental Pollution in the Developing Countries and Its Remedial Measures

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Environmental pollution has a great impact on human health, ecosystems, and financial development. This paper depicts the recent studies on the severity of environmental pollution in developing countries. Its remedial measures were based on a questionnaire survey in the polluted sites, which collected data and information on the types, causes, effects, sources, and duration of environmental pollution, obtained from available publications and newspaper information reported in recent years. A total of 400 respondents from 10 zones of Dhaka City Corporation, Bangladesh, were interviewed as a case study via a semi-structured questionnaire survey. The results revealed that only 39.0% of respondents had explicit knowledge about environmental pollution. Air pollution was identified by 73.8%, noise pollution by 63.0%, water pollution by 55.2%, and soil pollution by only 6.5% of respondents in their surroundings. Automobiles, domestic activities, municipal garbage, and vehicle horns are significant sources of environmental pollutions. Around 49.0% of the respondents did not understand the effectiveness of currently conducted environmental programs. A discussion regarding the urgency of forming a local level environmental committee, the mass media’s active role, and monitoring the development activities was presented.
Malignant Melanoma of Unkown Origin Presenting as a Systemic Vasculitis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Several conditions present mimicking systemic vasculitis, such as atrial myxomas, subacute bacterial endocarditis, and cholesterol emboli. While vasculitis associated with malignancy has been described,1tumor emboli producing vasculitislike lesions have not been well defined. We present a patient in whom ischemic toes and livedo reticularis with palpable purpura developed. A skin biopsy specimen demonstrated extensive dermal intravascular fibrin thrombi with neutrophilic leukocytoclasia corresponding to foci of tumor emboli.

Report of a Case.

Our patient was a 66-year-old white man who presented with a mottled erythematous eruption of both lower extremities and cyanosis of his toes. Ten days before admission, pruritis developed on his feet that progressed to burning, cyanosis, and a patchy erythema from his umbilicus to his feet. Findings from his physical examination revealed purpuric lesions and livedo distal to the umbilicus (Figure 1) Blood studies were remarkable for a white blood cell count of 18.4×10/9/L.
Colombia’s Constitutional Debate on Gender Quotas: The Link between Representation, Merit, and Democracy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Gendered quotas have been one of the preferred instruments for promoting women’s participation and empowerment in public decision-making positions. This study analyzes Colombia’s constitutional validation of gender quotas. It examines how ideas of merit were articulated in favor and against the enactment of gender quotas. In doing so, it argues that the centrality of merit in the constitutional debate on gender quotas is fundamentally flawed, for it ignores the subjective nature of merit, limiting the type of experiences and potential that matter in democratic representation. From this perspective, the primary idea that men and women need to show that they ‘deserve’ to occupy representative positions undermines feminist critique on representation. In this sense, the article contributes to the debate on women’s global leadership by revealing the risks of merit-driven arguments for advancing women’s democratic representation.
Laboratory experiments and theoretical study of pressure and fluid influences on acoustic response in tight rocks with pore microstructure

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Wave‐induced fluid flow is considered to be a major source of seismic attenuation and dispersion in porous rocks. From the physical description of partially saturated reservoirs, numerous analytical solutions based on upscaling homogenization theories have been employed to calculate equivalent frequency‐dependent poroelastic media. Nevertheless, dispersion and attenuation predictions are often not reasonably consistent with laboratory and field measurements in a broad frequency range, particularly due to influences of biphasic fluids and their distribution, presence of heterogeneities on various length scales, and pore microstructure. We investigate the role of pore microstructure on pressure and fluid saturation dependence of elastic velocities in tight sandstones. Previous work points out that differentiating the impacts of heterogeneities at various scales on dispersion within seismic exploration and sonic frequencies can be very difficult. In practice, this is because fluid‐related dispersion mechanisms are impossible to be independent. Thus, it is important for a theoretical and more quantitative analysis of the relative contribution of interrelated energy dissipation processes through a better understanding of combined influences due to the presence of microscopic and mesoscopic heterogeneities. Based on microscopic squirt flow and mesoscopic flow in a partially saturated medium, we develop a poroelastic model that allows evaluating the overall frequency‐dependent dispersion via considering a random distribution of fluid heterogeneities as well as the broadly distributed aspect ratio of compliant pores. Experimental validation of the model is accomplished via a comprehensive comparison of predictions with measurements of partially saturated velocities versus pressure and fluid for sandstones with specific pore microstructures.
Investigations into the use of a computer as an artistic medium

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

This thesis is based on the belief that science and art are not necessarily 'two cultures', but can be combined successfully as a result of their inescapable influences upon each other. A justification of this position is presented with emphasis on artistic investigations using the computer. The machine's merits are viewed not only as a means of mass communication or of producing pictures, but also as a potential modelbuilder for the formalization of aesthetic concepts . The work completed was concerned with the possibilities inherent in using computer plotted output to answer questions similar to those which an artist poses in manual drawings or paintings, particularly the question of 'readability of surface'. The answers to such questions are not unique but the purpose of the system was to find an answer using computer output. An account of the program parameters and methods used to produce the plotted drawings is given and the results discussed. A pilot investigation into the development of an interactive system for the purpose of examining basic Design concepts (the word design will, throughout the thesis, be capitalized when used to refer to the area of Fine Art known as Design) was begun and is outlined and discussed. Finally the thesis conclusions are brought forward and recommendations made for future developments. The work has fulfilled the expectations of the artist for stimulation from new alternatives and for generating a type of drawing that could not be produced by hand. The results are encouraging in their support of the interrelationship between science and art.
Evaluation of a novel computer vision-based livestock monitoring system to identify and track specific behaviors of individual nursery pigs within a group-housed environment

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Animal behavior is indicative of health status and changes in behavior can indicate health issues (i.e., illness, stress, or injury). Currently, human observation (HO) is the only method for detecting behavior changes that may indicate problems in group-housed pigs. While HO is effective, limitations exist. Limitations include HO being time consuming, HO obfuscates natural behaviors, and it is not possible to maintain continuous HO. To address these limitations, a computer vision platform (NUtrack) was developed to identify (ID) and continuously monitor specific behaviors of group-housed pigs on an individual basis. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the capabilities of the NUtrack system and evaluate changes in behavior patterns over time of group-housed nursery pigs. The NUtrack system was installed above four nursery pens to monitor the behavior of 28 newly weaned pigs during a 42-d nursery period. Pigs were stratified by sex, litter, and randomly assigned to one of two pens (14 pigs/pen) for the first 22 d. On day 23, pigs were split into four pens (7 pigs/pen). To evaluate the NUtrack system’s capabilities, 800 video frames containing 11,200 individual observations were randomly selected across the nursery period. Each frame was visually evaluated to verify the NUtrack system’s accuracy for ID and classification of behavior. The NUtrack system achieved an overall accuracy for ID of 95.6%. This accuracy for ID was 93.5% during the first 22 d and increased (P &lt; 0.001) to 98.2% for the final 20 d. Of the ID errors, 72.2% were due to mislabeled ID and 27.8% were due to loss of ID. The NUtrack system classified lying, standing, walking, at the feeder (ATF), and at the waterer (ATW) behaviors accurately at a rate of 98.7%, 89.7%, 88.5%, 95.6%, and 79.9%, respectively. Behavior data indicated that the time budget for lying, standing, and walking in nursery pigs was 77.7% ± 1.6%, 8.5% ± 1.1%, and 2.9% ± 0.4%, respectively. In addition, behavior data indicated that nursery pigs spent 9.9% ± 1.7% and 1.0% ± 0.3% time ATF and ATW, respectively. Results suggest that the NUtrack system can detect, identify, maintain ID, and classify specific behavior of group-housed nursery pigs for the duration of the 42-d nursery period. Overall, results suggest that, with continued research, the NUtrack system may provide a viable real-time precision livestock tool with the ability to assist producers in monitoring behaviors and potential changes in the behavior of group-housed pigs.
Digital Crafting: Re-evaluating Promises and Pitfalls

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Text of a presentation given at the Cheongju International Craft Conference 2015, Making futures: Korea. The conference was part of the Cheongju International Craft Biennale. The presentation was given in English with simultaneous translation in Korean. The presentation text was published in the conference proceedings in both languages. The presentation explored the intersection of digital technologies and craft practices in the 21st century in the UK, discussing how perceptions have developed towards making using using machines in post-industrial Britain. It also considered similarities and differences in current craft practice between the UK and Asian countries.