jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
7908 GPNMB Promotes Tumor Growth And Is A Biomarker For Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Disclosure: E. Gibbons: None. M. Taya: None. H. Wu: None. S. Lopa: None. J. Moss: None. E.P. Henske: None. F.X. McCormack: None. S.R. Hammes: None. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, progressive cystic lung disease affecting almost exclusively female-sexed individuals. The cysts represent regions of lung destruction caused by smooth muscle tumors containing mutations in one of the two tuberous sclerosis (TSC) genes. mTORC1 inhibition slows but does not stop LAM advancement. Furthermore, monitoring disease progression is hindered by insufficient biomarkers. Therefore, new treatment options and biomarkers are needed. LAM cells express melanocytic markers, including Glycoprotein Non-Metastatic Melanoma Protein B (GPNMB). The function of GPNMB in LAM is currently unknown; however, GPNMB’s unique cell surface expression on tumor versus benign cells makes GPNMB a potential therapeutic target, and persistent release of its extracellular ectodomain suggests potential as a serum biomarker. Here we establish that GPNMB regulates TSC2-null tumor cell invasion as well as TSC2-null xenograft tumor growth, and that GPNMB expression is dependent on mTORC1 signaling. Further, we show that GPNMB’s ectodomain is released from the cell surface of TSC2-null cells by ADAM10 and 17 proteases, and we identify the protease target sequence on GPNMB. In fact, mutating this cleavage sequence so that the GPNMB ectodomain can no longer be shed results in cessation of TSC2-null tumor growth. Finally, we demonstrate that GPNMB’s ectodomain is present at higher levels in LAM patient serum compared to healthy controls, and that ectodomain levels decrease with mTORC1 inhibition, making it a potential LAM biomarker. Presentation: 6/3/2024
Geological and geotechnical assessment of natural sands in Ilorin, Nigeria

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

The quality of the aggregates used inplastering mortar contributes to the properties of the mortar. This study evaluated the suitability of two grades of sand – sharp sand collected along active/old river courses and plastering sand collected from borrow pits – as plastering materials. X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analysis were used to study their mineralogy and major, minor and trace element components. Grain-size distribution analysis, natural moisture content, specific gravity, Atterberg limits, matric suction and permeability tests were also carried out on the sand samples. In both sands, the silica content was more than 80%. The plastering sand had a higher natural moisture content than the sharp sand. The fineness modulus ranged from 1.31 to 1.83 and 0.53 to 1.01, respectively, for the sharp sand and the plastering sand. The permeability coefficients and matric suction of the sharp sand were larger than those of the plastering sand. This implies that sharp sand will allow easier water passage through its pore spaces, therefore tending to exist in a dryer state than plastering sand. The tested sharp sand may be suitable for plastering because the test results were within the acceptable limits for good plastering materials according to national and international standards.
Localization in Clinical Neurology

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Here is another of the thirty plus volumes projected for publication in this encyclopedic work. Obviously, the topic of localization must be included in the series even though almost everything that is included has been written by others in the past. However, the chapters provide an exhaustive summary of literature and at last the interested scholar has a definitive bibliography to which he can refer. Most of the chapters are very well written. That by Dow on the cerebellum and by Spalding on the autonomic system are examples. One of the high points of the volume is Guttmann's informative consideration of spinal cord lesions. The chapters by Mumenthaler, Currier, Feringa, Martin, E. P. Richardson, Bruyn and Gothier, Gassel, Jewesbury and Denis Williams, Fog, and Hein-Sorensen, classify the brain syndromes in a systematic manner. The chapter by Sachsenweger on localization of ocular motor disturbances is superb and contains an extensive bibliography
Seclusion, restraint, and involuntary medication in Finnish psychiatric care: a register study with root-level data

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose: Despite potentially harmful effects, seclusion, restraint, and involuntary medication continue to be frequently applied in psychiatric care. These restrictive measures are often examined by means of registers, but homogeneous practices in the measurement and description seem to be missing. This nationwide register study aimed to examine the use of seclusion, mechanical and physical restraint, and involuntary medication in Finland.Material and methods: Root-level register data concerning the year 2017 were collected directly from 140 inpatient psychiatric wards within 21 organizations. The data were analyzed statistically.Results: In 2017, the most used restrictive measure in Finnish psychiatric wards was seclusion (4006 episodes), followed by involuntary medication (2187 episodes), mechanical restraint (2113 episodes) and physical restraint (1064 events). Similarly, the duration of seclusion episodes was longer than the duration of restraint episodes. Remarkable variation between wards in the use of seclusion, restraint and involuntary medication was observable. A negative binomial regression model (NB2) was used to analyze the associations between the use of restrictive measures and regional variables concerning demography, health, substance abuse, and socio-economic status, but reliable interpretations were impossible to generate.Conclusion: This study provides detailed and unique data on the use of seclusion, restraint and involuntary medication in Finland. Compared to previous national-level data, this study highlights the importance of collecting root-level data. Future research should use registries and describe the associations between the use of restrictive measures and ward-level factors, patient-level characteristics, and societal factors.
Rapid detection of the mutations of resistance-fluoroquinolone neisseria gonorrhoeae gene by a DNA microarray

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Objective To study the preparation of DNA microarray and its accuracy in detection of the mutations of assistance-fluoroquinolone neisseria gonorrhoeae genes. Methods The primers and probes were prepared according to the sequence of neisseria gonorrhoeae gyrA and parC genes. The DNA fragment of genital swabs which contained gyrA and parC genes were labeled with cy5 fluorescence and amplified by PCR technique. Then they were hybridized with DNA microarray. DNA sequencing data of samples were detected by double blind method. Results 87 strains genital swab sample were detected using DNA microarray. The results were consistant with drug sensitivity test. The double-blind test results showed a coincidence rate of 97.7% between sequencing data and DNA microarray. Conclusions It showed higher speciality and sensitivity using DNA microarray to rapidly detect the mutations of resistance-fluoroquinolone neisseria gonorrhoeae genes. This method could be used for clinical detection of Fluoroquinolone resistance strains.
SUBTYPE A/H7N9 INFLUENZA: PATHOGENICITY AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

H7N9 is a serotype of the species Influenzavirus A. H7 virus normally circulates amongst avian populations with some variants known to occasionally infect humans. A H7N9 virus was first reported to have infected humans in 2013. The people with H7N9 virus are respiratory tract infections leading to pneumonia and can be death. To cope with H7N9 virus should strengthen supervision, strengthening management and treatment, epidemiological investigation and observe who has been exposed to the fatal cases. To limit the risk of disease, WHO recommends that people should be clean, safe eating, wash the hands often, especially before and after eating, after using the toilet, after contact with animals, after contact with sick people, use a mask when in contact with human or environmental exposure to the high-risk disease. Symptoms of influenza H7N9 infection are fever and cough then switch to pneumonia. Therefore, if having the symptoms like this, and then have the cough and shortness of breath, chest pain that should be early come the health facilities to diagnose and treat.
Effects of Self-Foot Reflexology on the Stress, Fatigue and Sleep Pattern of the Nursing Students

Field: Nursing (Health Sciences)

The purpose of this study was performed to investigate the effects of self-foot reflexology on the stress, fatigue and sleep pattern of the nursing students. The research design was non-equivalent control group pretest and posttest design. The data were collected from January 18 to April 15, 2016. The participants were 68 nursing students. The instruments used for the study were the stress, fatigue, and sleep pattern. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 21.0 program. In order to compare the effect of the pre-post self foot reflexology, t-test was employed. There was significant differences in stress after providing self foot reflexology. but There was not significant differences in fatigue and sleep pattern after providing self foot reflexology. In conclusion, These findings suggest that self foot reflexology could be utilized as an effective nursing intervention to reduce stress.
Assessing the Sustainability Impact of Land-Use Changes and Carbon Emission Intensity in the Loess Plateau

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Regional socioeconomic development is intricately tied to reasonable land-use resources. Although many studies have analyzed land-use carbon emissions, there is a lack of analysis of the concept of intensity. Studying the land-use carbon emission intensity (LUCEI) is crucial for shaping effective land management strategies that support the integrated sustainable development of society, the economy, and the environment. This study examines land-use changes on the Loess Plateau (LP) from 2000 to 2020. The coefficient method, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and optimal parameters-based geographical detector model are used to identify and analyze the spatial clustering patterns and influencing factors affecting LUCEI, which provides more in-depth insights for the study of LUCEI. The results indicate: (1) Urban and Grassland areas showed the most significant growth, with Urban areas expanding by 10,845.21 km2 and Grasslands by 7848.91 km2, respectively. This Urban expansion was mainly caused by the conversion of Grassland and Cropland, while Grassland expansion was primarily attributed to the decline in Barren. (2) The average LUCEI on the LP climbed from 0.38 in 2000 to 0.73 in 2020, indicating a 190.70% growth rate. (3) The spatial pattern of LUCEI remained stable but unevenly distributed, with extensive High-High and Low-Low clusters. (4) Socioeconomic factors had a greater explanatory power for LUCEI in the LP than natural factors. The LUCEI is not driven by a single factor, but by the combined influence of multiple factors. The interaction between nighttime light and population density explained the spatial distribution of LUCEI most strongly, with a q-value of 0.928. The findings underscore the critical role of socioeconomic development in shaping carbon emission dynamics on the LP. By linking LUCEI growth to land-use changes, this study offers concrete scientific guidance for policymakers seeking to balance socioeconomic growth with sustainable land-use practices. Based on these results, we recommend developing appropriate urban development plans that optimize land-use structures, enhance regional carbon sequestration capacities, and fully implement green transition requirements.
Missed abortion, hydatidiform mole and intra-uterine fetal death treated with 15-methyl-prostaglandin F 2-alpha.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The efficacy of (15S)-15-methyl-prostaglandin F2 alpha in terminating pregnancy in cases of known missed abortion, hydatidiform mole and intra-uterine fetal death was tested. There were 8 cases of missed abortion, 13 cases of intra-uterine death at or after 28 weeks' gestation, and 1 case of hydatidiform mole. No other oxytoxic preparation was required in 19 (86%) patients. The mean induction-to-delivery time was 17,2 hours in the group with missed abortions and 12,4 hours in the group with intra-uterine deaths, and the maximum blood loss was 350 ml. Gastro-intestinal side-effects, which were present in 21 (95%) patients, were severe in 5 (23%).
A Case of Mandibular Prognathism with Crouzon Syndrome Treated by Application of Maxillary Distraction Osteogenesis and Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy

Field: Dentistry (Health Sciences)

Crouzon syndrome is a type of craniofacial dysostosis characterized by early fusion of certain skull bones, which can affect the shape of the head and face. Signs and symptoms of Crouzon syndrome include bulging eyes, underdeveloped upper jaw and severe mandibular prognathism. This case report describes a patient with Crouzon syndrome who received maxillary distraction osteogenesis using a rigid extraoral distractor （RED） system and sagittal split ramus osteotomy （SSRO）. A boy, 10 years and 1 month old, was referred to our clinic to treat mandibular prognathism. He had already undergone cranioplasty at 1 year old, maxillary distraction at 7 years old, and surgical closure of the occipital region at 9 years old at another hospital. He showed a concave profile and also had an abnormal swallowing habit. The overjet and overbite were −1.0mm and 2.0mm respectively. ∠ANB was −10.0°, ∠SNA was 71.0°, and ∠SNB was 81.0°. We applied orthodontic expansion and a maxillary protractive appliance at the first phase of treatment. However, at 17 years and 0 months, overjet became −3.0mm and ∠ANB worsened to −15.8°. Therefore, at the second phase of treatment, we performed alveolar osteotomy with maxillary expansion, maxillary distraction osteogenesis using a RED system for maxillary advancement and SSRO for mandibular setback. As a result, overjet improved to 2.0mm and ∠ANB changed to −4.5°. Although the skeletal discrepancy was not improved enough, his concave facial profile was changed to almost a straight profile by the orthognathic surgery. The active treatment period was 2 years and 5 months and the patient’s occlusal relationship remained stable during the retention period.
Web Mashup Oriented Digital Information Extraction for Tourism Enhancement

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Travelling and exploring new locations have become a very common and most attractive hobby for a lot of people. Ranging from a long holiday to some faraway places to a weekend getaway to a comparatively nearby unique spot, every type of touristic activity is highly cherished among the avid explorers. This leads to a demand for a resource that would cater the need of this rapidly growing community. Certain previous research suggests important further development to achieve this goal. It becomes necessary to integrate the relevant researches done previously so as to create a product with better usage. This paper discusses an approach of using Web Mashup technology to extract attributes and spatial data from multiple websites and use it for data analysis thereby enhancing the touristic experience. The main objective of this paper is to provide users with filtered information which is convenient to the users for selecting a tourist spot to visit. It also aims to improve degree of satisfaction of tourists and optimize touristic routes.
Education in Australia

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

School-based adoption of Multimedia: An Australian Perspective. This paper will look first at the work of Young Media Australia - a national community- based, information, research, training and advocacy organization working in the field of children, young people and mass media. The adoption rate of multi-media, including information technologies, in school systems across Australia will then be examined. Issues relating to the use of school-based multimedia, including the internet, will also be identified.
Peran Media Audio Visual dalam Pertumbuhan Rohani Anak Sekolah Minggu

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract: The development of the times is something that is absolutely unavoidable, technology has become more modern, making it easier for children to now access cellphones such as playing games, doing assignments and also watching. Likewise, Sunday school teaching is required to be creative and innovative because advanced technology can help in teaching, namely using learning media, one of which is the use of audio visuals such as Superbooks. The aim of this research is to provide an overview of the role of superbook audio visual media in the growth of Sunday school children. In this research, descriptive qualitative research methods were used using a library approach. The research results show that superbook audio visual media plays a role in the growth of Sunday school children, such as increasing interest in learning the truth of God's Word, helping to remember material in an audi visual form that is easy to accept, motivating them and actively participating in Sunday school worship. The use of technology such as Superbook Audio Visual Media has the aim of education in the church which has become one of the most significant innovations in children's religious education in Sunday School Abstrak: Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman adalah hal yang mutlak tidak bisa dihindarkan adalah kemajuan teknologi menjadi lebih modern sehingga membuat anak sekarang mudah mengakses berbagai hal melalui handphone misalnya: bermain game, mengerjakan tugas, menonton berbagai tayangan dan lain-lain. Masalah yang terjadi di lapangan adalah anak-anak cenderung kurang tertarik pergi ke Sekolah Minggu, karena metode pengajarannya monoton dan terkesan tradisional. Mereka lebih suka di rumah menonton berbagai tayangan menarik melalui handphone. Dari kenyataan ini, maka guru-guru Sekolah Minggu dituntut harus lebih kreatif dan inovatif dalam pengajaran. Dengan adanya teknologi yang maju dapat membantu guru-guru Sekolah Minggu dalam pengajaran. Salah satunya dengan menggunakan media audio visual Superbook. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang betap pentingnya peranan media audio visual superbook dalam pertumbuhan rohani bagi anak Sekolah Minggu. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, yaitu dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi pustaka. Adapun hasil penelitian bahwa dalam media audio visual superbook sangat berperan dalam pertumbuhan rohani anak Sekolah Minggu yaitu; meningkatkan minat anak belajar kebenaran Firman Tuhan, membantu anak mengingat materi yang disajikan oleh guru-guru Sekolah Minggu, memotivasi anak sehingga rajin ibadah Sekolah Minggu. Penggunaan media Audio Visual Superbook dalam mengajar menjadi salah satu inovasi yang paling signifikan dalam pelaksanaan Pendidikan Agama Kristen bagi anak-anak melalui Sekolah Minggu.
The genus Antennequesoma (Acari: Uropodina) and descriptions of four new species

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The following new species of Coxequesoma are described: umbocauda (from Eciton hamatum, E. mexicanum), hermanni (from E. hamatum, E. rapax, E. mexicanum), labidocoxata (from Labidus praedator), and gignodissidens (from Neivamyrmex sp.). Panamatrichocylliba panamaensis is reassigned to Coxequesoma and redescribed. The genus is also redescribed and a key provided.
Association between Total Folate Intakes and Depression amongst Three Racial/Ethnic Groups

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background and Purpose: Low dietary folate intake has been associated with depression outcomes, but few studies have been reported on the association in diverse populations. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we examined the relationship between depression and folate intake from diet and supplementation in non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics and African Americans. Methods: 3,687 adult respondents from the 2009-2010 NHANES cycle were included. Statistical methods for analyzing data from complex survey sample designs were used to assess differences by race/ethnicity in demographic, behavioral, dietary and depression variables and to assess the relationship between depression and folate, adjusting for confounding variables using multivariable logistic regression. Results: We observed significant (p < 0.01) differences by race/ethnicity for all demographic, behavioral, dietary and depression variables, except for physical activity. The relationship between dietary folate and depression significantly differed by race/ethnicity (p = 0.03), with an inverse and significant association in Hispanics only (OR= 0.25; 95% CI= 0.09 – 0.70.; p for trend = 0.02). Conclusion: These data suggest that a diet high in folate, such as from dark green leafy vegetables, may be associated with a reduced odds for depression, and specifically, Hispanics may benefit from nutrition education to potentially reduce depression in the population.
Foundations of American Criminal Due Process at Trial

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Abstract The workings of the American criminal justice system are familiar to virtually the entire citizenry. Through films, television, and popular print media, its hallmark principles of fairness and protection of the rights of the accused are widely understood. The popular culture has absorbed relatively sophisticated doctrines of the criminal law, such as the right to confront accusers face to face and to remain silent when charged with a crime. The average individual knows that these and other principles of criminal justice are rooted in the Bill of Rights of the American Constitution. This perception is true to the extent that trial by jury, the most cherished feature of the American criminal justice system, comes to us directly from early thirteenth-century England and is obliquely referenced in Magna Carta. But it fails to take into account the diverse origins of specific rights that make the jury system the byword for fair trial procedure. The rights to remain silent and to confront opposing witnesses, the presumption of innocence, the protection against double jeopardy, the requirement that conviction demands a high standard of proof, the rule that confessions be voluntary, and the guarantee of a trial conducted in accordance with standard rules of evidence—none of these integral parts of due process originated in the common law of England. This book joins an emerging body of work that seeks to place the American legal experience within a larger Western tradition.