jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
High frequency venturi jet ventilation

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Summary A Penlon Nuffield Series 200 Ventilator, adapted for use as a high frequency jet ventilator, was used to treat a patient with adult respiratory distress syndrome. Adequate alveolar ventilation with this method was achieved with lower mean intrapulmonary pressure (5.4 cmH 2 O) than with conventional intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) (6 cmH 2 O). An improved cardiac output was also apparent, as judged by a better systemic blood pressure [105/50 mmHg for high frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) compared to 90/40 mmHg for IPPV] and a lower central venous pressure 6 cmH 2 O for HFJV as compared to 9.5 cmH 2 O with conventional IPPV. During HFJV, the patient's need for sedatives and narcotics was reduced. This allowed an assessment to be made of any potential neurological damage caused by the cervical fracture. An assessment had not been possible during conventional ventilation due to the heavy narcotic and sedative regime required to settle the patient. This case report provides further evidence that HFJV is a useful adjunct in the management of patients requiring mechanical ventilation and also that the Penlon Nuffield Series 200 Ventilator is capable of high frequency jet ventilation.
A Study on the Impact Mechanisms of Users’ Behavioral Intentions Towards Augmented Reality Picture Books for Adult Readers

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Currently, the picture book market for adult readers is on the rise, and the development of AR (Augmented Reality) technology has introduced new possibilities for its growth. This study aims to explore the factors that may influence the intention of adult readers to use AR picture books. We employed the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method for analysis. Through offline recruitment and experiential sessions, we collected and analyzed 332 valid questionnaires, constructing a structural equation model of adult AR picture book user behavior intentions. Functional experience, action experience, aesthetic experience, and emotional experience all have positive effect on the adults' intention to use AR picture books. The path coefficients for these relationships are relatively close, at 0.275, 0.225, 0.176, and 0.267, respectively. Perceived interactivity has a positive effect on perceived playfulness, with the largest path coefficient among all relationship paths at 0.585. Furthermore, both perceived interactivity and perceived playfulness positively influence functional experience, action experience, aesthetic experience, and emotional experience. The path coefficients of perceived interactivity for these four experiences are 0.473, 0.388, 0.413, and 0.342, respectively, while those of perceived playfulness are 0.359, 0.368, 0.362, and 0.422, respectively. Based on these findings, the study offers recommendations for optimizing the design of AR picture books for adults, aiming to enhance their reading experience, meet their needs, and provide valuable guidance for the future development of this emerging industry.
Observations on Southern White Rhinoceros Ceratotherium simum simum Translocated to Uganda

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Translocation is increasingly common in conservation but remains controversial due, in part, to limited information. Here, in a brief study, we consider the translocation of the southern white rhinoceros Ceratotherium simum simum to a fenced 64-km 2 reserve in Uganda (a replacement for the locally extinct native northern subspecies, Ceratotherium simum cottoni). We examined the condition, behavior, and habitat use of two female-calf groups. Rhinos were least active during the early afternoon. Both groups spent more time feeding in Microchloa kunthii grasslands than expected given the small extent of such areas but spent most time in the more abundant woodlands and Hyparrhenia grasslands. The small ranges of the two groups, 11.8 and 9.0 km 2 (100 h of observations over a 1-month period in 2011), and their apparent good health suggest satisfactory feeding conditions. Reassuringly, we identify no concerns but also note that our judgments are constrained by limited information and guidance. There is scope for novel observations, for example, our observations suggest that mothers lead calves more frequently in habitats with reduced visibility versus more open habitats. Every translocation is an experiment, but lessons will be lost without greater emphasis on transparency and assessments.
The role of learners in school governance in farm schools

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As a teacher himself, the researcher has observed that although the Government Policy states clearly that there should be Representative Councils of Learners (RCLs) in schools offering Grade 8 and higher, in some schools that is not the case. Other schools involve learners only in the maintenance of discipline. Is that the purpose of the policy? What did the policy makers really intend with this policy? This study attempted to set out and find the answer to these questions. Firstly, the background to this research has been discussed; illustrating the situation of the farm schools in deep rural areas and the plight of the teachers who have to make policy work in these remote places was discussed. Secondly, the research problem was stated and the aims and objectives of the study were listed in order to structure the study from the beginning. From the literature overview it became clear that the Representative Council of Learners is the official body representing learners in the governance of the school. The principal has to see to it that it is involved in decision making, i.e. those members of the RCL who form part of the SGB, should always be invited to the SGB meetings. The TLO has a duty of capacitating the RCL even though he/she is the subject teacher with as much the load as all other teachers at similar post level. The principal must see to it that the TLO does his/her duty in this regard. The Department of Education must first ensure that schools establish RCLs as they should. It must also not only train TLOs but also ensure that the principals are empowered regarding the establishment and the functioning of the RCL. In this way, and in this way alone could disciplinary problems be addressed and the culture of teaching and learning be rekindled in our schools. By means of the qualitative strategy of ethnographical design, and the interview as method of data collections, information was gathered from farm schools in the Vryheid Region of KwaZulu Natal. Respondents were school principals, members of RCLs and teachers that have been involved in the implementation of these governing bodies for learners.
Role of interfaces on a natural composite bioelectret: bone

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The aim of this study is the characterization of interfaces in calcified tissues. Thermally stimulated currents and gel permeation chromatography have been used for investigating extracts and residues from calf femoral diaphysis at various stages of demineralization. In the residues, evolution of molecular mobility shows that the organic-mineral linkage is ensured by several proteins. Collagen is not directly linked to apatite.< >
A Reputation Based Attack Resistant Distributed Trust Management Model in P2P Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

An important challenge regarding peer's trust valuation in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks is how to cope with such problems as dishonest feedbacks from malicious peers, collusions and complex strategic frauds, which cannot be effectively tackled by the existing solutions. Thus, a reputation-based distributed trust management model for P2P networks, named RATM for short, is proposed to quantify and evaluate the trustworthiness of peers. In RATM, the metric of time zone is used to describe the time property of the transaction experiences and recommendations; the peer trust value, the short trust value and the long trust value are applied to express accurately the final trust level of peers. Moreover, the trust deviation value and the trust abuse value are introduced to depict the above several trust metrics. Theoretical analyses and simulation experiments demonstrates that, RATM has advantages in combating various dynamic malicious behaviors such as dishonest feedbacks and strategic malicious attacks, over the current trust model, and shows more effectiveness and stronger dynamic adaptability.
Geomechanics and Geophysical Processes in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

In the case of domal reservoirs, production may cause down-dip shearing on conjugate dipping fractures. This mechanism was deduced a long time ago from rock mechanics modelling and from new slickensiding in the case of the Ekofisk reservoir in the North Sea (Barton et al., 1988). There may also be changes in the stretching over-burden in the case of the compacting reservoir, causing the over-burden to subside. This will cause temporal changes to the strength of shear-wave anisotropy and attenuation, due to intra-bed joint opening and shear. It is insufficient in each of the above cases to refer to ‘stress or strain’ effects, as if a continuum alone was reacting to the multiple effects of production in a multi-km3 fractured reservoir, with a multi-km3 overburden. The relatively ‘early’ consideration of discontinuous behaviour at Ekofisk is presented in this classic ‘carbonates region’ of the Middle East, in the hope of stimulating the modelling of fracture deformation, and coupled behaviour, which still seems to be rare, despite being needed for realistic 4D interpretation. The possibilities of making good use of geomechanics understanding has improved a lot since LOF monitoring/interrogation of reservoirs was slowly introduced in this last decade, starting in the North Sea.
Du nouveau dans un dossier original : la fusaïole inscrite de Mâcon (Saône et Loire) et la fusaïole inscrite de Nyon (Confédération helvétique)

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The importance of epigraph spindle-whorls is nowadays an acknowledged fact ; this very limited series consists of slightly more than twenty items from Gauls, all carved from Autun oil shale. Any addition to this corpus, any extension, is therefore especially interesting. The checking of an inscribed spindle-whorl from Mâcon shows how important small details can be : me, me felix must be amended to erne me, felix. Far from being an amulet, the spindle-whorl has now found its place among textile exhibits ; its wording is as subtle as that of the others, including double meanings, and erotic puns. Comparison with an inscribed {aue vimpi), spindle-whorl from Nyon (Switzerland) confirms the interpretation, which proves women's part in society, the mastering of writing in everyday life. Moreover it clarifies the mixing process of Latin and Celtic languages.
Multilingual writers in the Mexican sociocultural context: Towards improved pedagogical practices in the U.S.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Currently, the education of Latina/o students in the United States for higher education and future careers comprises multiple moving parts. As the U.S. educational system, in particular the Pre-K-12 years of schooling, struggles despite efforts to address the needs of all students, both native English speakers as well as English language learners (ELLs), to better prepare them to enter institutions of tertiary education and succeed in careers, various organizations and consortiums articulate more rigorous educational standards (WIDA and the Common Core Standards as two examples). These recent proposals focus on academic literacy skills, in particular on reading and writing skills development from the earliest years of elementary school. Further evidence in both print and radio media of the emphasis on academic skills and high stakes testing appear in the public statements of the new CEO of the College Board. David Coleman, for example, has articulated his vision of a new SAT writing section that requires test takers base their writing samples on sources provided by the test developers. Mr. Coleman explains that the test takers should be asked to write a source-based paper in line with contemporary writing practices rather than an opinion-based, five-paragraph essay, a reminder of dated Anglo-American composition traditions. He even goes so far as to claim that SAT test questions will include questions on the mechanics of writing such as punctuation, citations, and paragraphing conventions.
Hans Holbein the Younger: painter at the court of Henry VIII

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Introductory essay by Stephanie Buck on Holbein's activities as a portraitist. She focuses on the role Erasmus played in Holbein's early career, and the later English period during which he portrayed both the royals and their circle as well as civilians. Buck also writes about his development as a portrait painter, his forerunners (Durer, Metsys), and about his book illustrations for Erasmus's Praise of Folly. Essay by Jochen Sander focusing on the so-called Darmstadt Madonna, which sheds new light on the creation of this painting. 40 paintings including full-page colour details Who's Who in the Life and Times of Hans Holbein explains forty essential figures and fifteen essential ideas/movements in texts varying from 80 to 250 words.
Sustainable Village Planning Indicator System in Rural Transformation: Application to Xufu Village in the Yangtze River Delta Region in China

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Owing to the influence of urbanization and globalization, many villages in China are transforming from traditional agricultural villages into postproductive villages. Changes in the industrial structures of these villages have caused corresponding environmental problems, which restrict rural sustainable development. Village planning is an important public policy instrument that is used to guide and regulate the construction and governance of villages and, therefore, it is an important tool to realize sustainable development in rural areas. Based on the problems that are experienced by these villages and the goal of rural sustainable development, this paper will use the village planning compilation as the framework, the Delphi method, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to construct an operable and evaluable planning indicator system and uses Xufu village, which is a typical postproductive village in the Yangtze River Delta, China as an example for the analysis. The case study has proven that the indicator system has guiding significance for the compilation of village sustainable development planning, and the relative evaluation method objectively reflected the sustainable development trend of villages before and after the compilation and implementation of planning. This paper will create a tool for the quantitative evaluation of the compilation and implementation of village planning. The results could provide a reference for planning and developing strategies for sustainable village development.
A Case of Dual Ectopic Thyroid

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Ectopic thyroid is an uncommon embryological aberration characterized by the presence of thyroid tissue in a site other than its unusual pretracheal region. Usually it occurs along the path of descent of the developing thyroid primodium from the foramen cecum, commonest being lingual followed by sublingual and in the anterior midline of the neck at, or below, the level of the hyoid bone. It is unusual for lingual thyroid to present simultaneously with another ectopic thyroid. We reported patient with dual ectopic thyroid tissue in tongue base and hyoid area. (J Clinical Otolaryngol 2006;17:277-280)
Additional file 2 of Circular RNA circCORO1C promotes laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma progression by modulating the let-7c-5p/PBX3 axis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Additional file 2: Figure S1. RNA sequencing and high-content screening reveals that circCORO1C affects the proliferation of LSCC cells. a Flowchart showing the steps for identifying functional circRNAs in LSCC. b Validation of circRNA expression in LSCC tissues by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. c High-content screening of circRNAs that affect the proliferation of LSCC cells. GFP-labeled FD-LSC-1 cells were transfected with siRNAs targeting the indicated circRNA. After 24 h transfection, cells were seeded into 96-well plates, and the cell number was counted at the indicated time points. Representative images (left) and fold change in cell count (right) are shown. Data are presented as the means ± SD of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05. Figure S2. FD-LSC-1 cells were transfected with let-7c-5p mimics or NC mimics for 48 h, then RIP assay was performed using AGO2 antibody and circCORO1C levels were measured by qPCR. **P < 0.001.
Health and safety concerns of zoo and aquarium workers and animal control officers.

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

There are 183 zoos and aquariums accredited by the American Zoo and Aquarium Association and scores of smaller, nonaccredited zoos in the U.S. Thousands of individuals work at these zoos in many different roles. Likewise, most counties and many larger cities employ animal control officers and have animal shelters. The authors discuss the numerous hazards encountered by animal control officers as well as employees of zoo and aquarium facilities. Suggested protocols for ensuring a safe workplace are presented. However, a thorough industrial hygiene and safety inspection should be performed on a regular basis, as additional protocols may be needed periodically.
Fluctuations in the Gravitational, Strong and Weak Nuclear Fields through an Effective Harmonic Oscillator Model

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

We propose an effective harmonic oscillator model in order to treat the fluctuations of the gravitational, strong and weak nuclear fields. With respect to the gravitational field, first we use the model to estimate its fluctuating strength, necessary to decohere the wavefunction of a cubic centimeter of air at the standard temperature and pressure conditions. Second, the fluctuation of a point mass through a distance equal to the Planck length leads to the self-gravitational interaction of a particle, which can be related to its de Broglie frequency. Third, by making the equality of the fluctuating field strength with the gravitational field of a mass M at half of its Schwarzschild radius, we obtain an estimate of the mass of the Universe. We also consider the fluctuations of the strong nuclear field, as a means to estimate the separation in energy between the ground state and the centroid of the excitated states of the nucleon. Finally, taking into account the neutron-proton mass difference, we use the fluctuations of the weak nuclear field in order to evaluate the weak coupling constant.
Self-Healing Silicone Elastomer with Stable and High\nAdhesion in Harsh Environments

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Adhesive\nand self-healing elastomers are urgently needed for their\nconvenience and intelligence in biological medicine, flexible electronics,\nintelligent residential systems, etc. However, their inevitable use\nin harsh environments results in further enhancement requirements\nof the structure and performance of adhesive and self-healing elastomers.\nHerein, a novel self-healing and high-adhesion silicone elastomer\nwas designed by the synergistic effect of multiple dynamic bonds.\nIt revealed excellent stretchability (368%) and self-healing properties\nat room temperature (98.1%, 5 h) and in a water environment (96.4%\nfor 5 h). Meanwhile, the resultant silicone elastomer exhibited high\nadhesion to metal and nonmetal and showed stable adhesion in harsh\nenvironments, such as under acidic (pH 1) and alkaline (pH 12) environments,\nsalt water, petroleum ether, water, etc. Furthermore, it was applied\nas a shatter-proof protective layer and a rust-proof coating, proving\nits significant potential in intelligent residential system applications.
The Evaluation of Garden City Policy From the Citizen's Point of View in Singapore

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

FROM THE CITIZEN'S POINT OF VIEW, THIS PAPER TRIES TO FIND OUT THE EFFICIENCIES AND PROBLEMS OF GARDEN CITY POLICY, THAT IS TO MAKE SINGAPORE INTO A GREEN AND CLEAN CITY FOR THE PLEASANT LIVING OF LIFE. THIS FIRST PART OF THE PAPER EXAMINES THE HISTORY, AND UNDERSTANDS THE CONCEPT OF THE GOVERNMENTAL SIDE. THE SECOND, IT TEMPTS TO ANALYSE THE FACTS IN DAILY SOCIAL LIFE BY THE ARTICLES OF THE STRAITS TIMES FOR THE PERIOD FROM DECEMBER, 1989 TO JANUARY, 1991 IN SINGAPORE. THE THIRD, IT EVALUATES THE CONCEPT AND THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE POLICY FROM THE CIVIC SIDE.
Emerging Frontiers: The Progresssion of the SPE Strategy

Field: Energy (Physical Sciences)

President's column As you may remember, SPE adopted a new Strategic Plan in March 2013. The plan revolves around four major objectives: Capability development Knowledge transfer Promoting professionalism and social responsibility Public education about the petroleum engineering profession and industry issues Since then, the Board committees and several Board-level work groups have been examining high-priority initiatives in each of these areas. Many of these were discussed at the recent Board of Directors meeting in Yangon, Myanmar. I would like to share with you updates on some of these important initiatives. Capability Development Our industry will continue to undergo a significant demographic shift over the next decade. SPE is devoting resources to support competency development (technical and soft skills) and assessment, assistance with the challenges of university faculty development and retention (to educate new engineers), and efforts supporting engineers in lifelong learning. So far the work group has addressed competency assessment and development in two ways. First the group mapped SPE products and services against several stages of life-cycle learning (pre-university, university, early career, midcareer, late career, retirement). SPE will be conducting a gap assessment and developing an action plan including a competency assessment. Ensuring that we have enough petroleum engineering faculty is a key element in capability development. This is a topic that is close to my heart. I strongly feel SPE should help support faculty to gain and retain the brightest for the future of our industry. For this initiative, the work group made several suggestions to tackle this issue that the Board approved. SPE held a Forum in August 2013 that resulted in a white paper, “SPE Forum Series: 2020 Foresight—Ensuring Educational Excellence for Upstream Engineering Resources,” available from OnePetro. Two pilot regional task forces are being established in the eastern US and Nigeria to identify and address local issues for university petroleum engineering education and to recommend actions. SPE’s Board agreed to enhance its faculty awards and grants program and to launch an R&D competition. Also, the Board approved a modification to the SPE bylaws to include a permanent Board position for academia. Knowledge Transfer Knowledge transfer is the backbone of SPE. It is our mission. So the quality, timeliness, and delivery of knowledge are imperative for the industry’s growth. This covers a number of initiatives, including maintaining the highest technical quality within SPE programs, enhancing volunteer participation, making knowledge available on demand and in user-friendly ways, and taking full advantage of communications technologies to disseminate information.