jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Targeting Osteoblast‐Osteoclast Cross‐Talk Bone Homeostasis Repair Microcarriers Promotes Intervertebral Fusion in Osteoporotic Rats

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Balancing osteoblast‐osteoclast (OB‐OC) cross‐talk is crucial for restoring bone tissue structure and function. Current clinical drugs targeting either osteogenesis or osteoclastogenesis fail to effectively regulate cross‐talk, impeding efficient bone repair in osteoporosis patients. Ubiquitin‐specific protease 26 (USP26) is shown to coordinate OB‐OC cross‐talk by independently regulating β‐catenin and Iκb‐α. However, effective drugs for activating USP26 are still lacking. Here, they constructed bone homeostasis repair microcarriers (BHRC) that encapsulate Usp26 mRNA‐loaded lipid nanoparticles (mRNA@LNP) within MMPs‐responsive GelMA hydrogel microspheres. These microcarriers target the osteoporotic microenvironment and regulate OB‐OC cross‐talk, thereby facilitating intervertebral fusion in osteoporotic rats. Results demonstrate that mRNA@LNP exhibits uniform particle size and high transfection efficiency, while GelMA hydrogel microspheres possess excellent biocompatibility and MMP responsiveness, providing favorable cell survival space and controllable release of mRNA@LNP. The released LNP upregulates USP26 protein expression, effectively promoting osteogenesis while suppressing osteoclast formation. In vivo experiments show that injecting BHRC into the defect site of intervertebral discs in osteoporotic rats significantly promotes tail vertebrae fusion by responding to the microenvironment and regulating cell‐to‐cell cross‐talk. Thus, the BHRC holds great potential in regulating osteoporotic homeostasis, particularly in challenging bone defects such as intervertebral fusion in osteoporotic environments.
Suicide mortality in NSW local government areas

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

his is the fourth of a series of articles on the epidemiology of suicide in NSW by the Mental Health Epidemiology Group (MHIEG).Our first • report' presented Standardised Mortality Ratios (SMRs) for Area and U District Health Services by pooling data across the 14-year period 1979-92.In this report we present the same analysis for Local Government Areas (WAs).This is the finest level of geographic detail available in the Statewide death data.We demonstrated in our first report that it is riot feasible to use the suicide rate as a performance indicator for the success of suicide prevention programs in small populations, such as those of Area and (especially) District Health Services'.This applies also to LGAS.However, it is common for questions to be asked about the suicide rate for a particular LGA, and the data here may be useful to those who are called on to answer questions about local suicide rates.We have grouped LGAS under the relevant Area or District Health Service and repeated the previous data for those Areas and Districts.This helps to indicate ways in which the data may be used to inform local discussions of suicide and prevention activity. METHODAustralian Bureau of Statistics suicide mortality data for Area and District Health Services and LGAs were pooled over the period 1979-92 and indirectly standardised relative to the pooled data for NSW during the same period.SMRs were scaled in the conventional way so SMR=100 for NSW as a whole.This standardisation adjusts for clierences in the age-sex composition 0f the pooled population of the particular geographic area relative to the pooled NSW population.Thus an SMR of 120 means the particular area had a pooled suicide rate which was 20 per cent higher than that for NSW as a whole over the same period.Conventional 99 per cent confidence intervals were calculated for each SMR based on the usual assumption of Poisson-distributed events. As some boundaries betweenLGAs have changed over time, we used aggregate data for LGAs where this was the case'.Data for the LGAS of Central Sydney and Southern Sydney, Blacktown and Parramatta, Warringah and Pittwater, and a number of rural LGAs are presented for these groups, rather than for individualLGAs.Most health administrative boundaries in NSW follow LGA boundaries.In general, therefore, it is possible to add up the observed and expected deaths for the set of LGAS reported under an Area/District heading, and arrive at the total for that Area or District.The exceptions to this are the composite LGA of Sydney and Southern Sydney (which divides in the proportion 40:60 between Central Sydney AIlS and Eastern Sydney AIlS') and the LGA of Blayney (which is part of the composite LGA of Orange/Blayney/Cabonne because of boundary changes among these LGAs over time).We have reported data for Orange/Blayney/Cabonne under the Central Western DHS, but part of it belongs to the Evans DHS.Thus the data
Experimental modal analysis of a utility-scale wind turbine blade using a multi-camera approach

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Utility-scale wind turbine blades (WTBs) require proper certification to ensure that they meet the design specifications and for safe operation throughout their lifetime. Instrumentation during testing involves using wire-based sensors such as strain gauges and accelerometers. These systems are expensive, time-consuming to install, difficult to deploy on large-sized structures, require additional instrumentations (e.g., power amplifiers and data acquisitions), and produce results at only a discrete number of points. In this study, a multicamera based measurement system is implemented and experimentally evaluated to estimate the modal parameters of a ∼60-meter long utility-scale WTB. The measurement areas of the stereo-vision systems are limited based on the field of view (FOV) of the cameras. Therefore, two sets of cameras were used to increase the measurement area. The performance of the optical sensing system in identifying the modal parameters of the WTB was validated by using the multi-camera approach to measure the dynamic response of the blade subjected to impulse inputs (i.e., impacts). The multi-camera stereo vision system in conjunction with a data stitching algorithm enables the photogrammetry technique to cover larger areas for expanded measurements. From an analysis of processed data, it was observed that the multi-camera system allows for detecting the first five operating mode shapes with an error below 2% as compared with traditionally wired accelerometers. For higher order modes, an estimation is possible, but the accuracy of the system decreases and miscorrelation in the mode shapes up to ∼10% resulted.
MULTIMEDIA CONFERENCING FOR REMOTE LANGUAGE TEACHING OVER SUPERJANET

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract This paper describes work which is being carried out as part of a remote language teaching research investigation (called the ReLaTe project), which is looking into the use of multi‐cast, multimedia conferencing over SuperJANET. ReLaTe is a joint project between the University of Exeter and University College, London, which is being funded by BT as part of the BT/JISC SuperJANET research initiative. The fundamental idea is to investigate the feasibility of sharing language teaching resources between uni‐versities within the UK, by making use of the broadband SuperJANET SMDS service.
Two extremely red galaxies

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

This report concerns one of the major observational studies in the ISO Central Programme, the ISO Normal Galaxy Survey. This is a survey of an unbiased sample of spiral and lenticular galaxies selected from the Revised Shapley-Ames Catalog. It is therefore optically-selected, with a brightness limit of blue magnitude = 12, and otherwise randomly chosen. The original sample included 150 galaxies, but this was reduced to 74 when the allocated observing time was expended because the ISO overheads encountered in flight were much larger than predicted.
Debt and climate: entangled emergencies derailing women’s rights and gender justice

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

As a new debt crisis is hitting the global South, aggravated by the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments and economies will face growing difficulties and challenges to deal with climate emergencies, adaptation, and mitigation. As we have seen in the past, debt crises tend to have a negative impact on women’s rights and gender equality, mainly through the implementation of austerity measures. Additionally, the climate emergency also has specific negative impacts on women’s rights and gender justice. The article explores the cumulative impacts on women of debt and austerity dynamics on one side, and climate crisis on the other. Also it proposes responses to the economic, social, and environmental crisis we are living, that address both debt and climate risks in a comprehensive, systemic, and feminist approach.
Osteopetrosis: A Case Report

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

A condition was first reported in 1904 by Albers-Schonberg and which he stated, showed by roentgenographic examination, preservation of the structural contours of bone with "apparent compact bone throughout, with loss of the medullary canal, and a probable increase in the lime content of the bones.This disease has since come to bear his name.Many other names have been proposed and used for this condition; "osteopetrosis" was introduced by Karshner in 1926.Seigman and Kilby presented, in January 1950, what they thought to be .the 157th reported case.Karshner reviewed the literature to 1924 and McCune and Bradley published a complete review in 1934.An interesting and thorough pathological discussion of osteopetrosis was presented by Zawisch in 1947.
Assessment of Environment Traffic Noise Pollution in Uvwie Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria.

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

The assessment of environmental traffic noise pollution in Uvwie local government area of Delta State, Nigeria was carried out using a well calibrated portable digital sound level meter (ModelÂ CEL-231).Â The sound level meter is an instrument used for measuring the exposure level of noiseÂ in the field. The measurement was done three times/day (Morning session 9am â€“ 10am, afternoon session 1pm â€“ 2pm and Evening session 4pm â€“ 5pm) and readings were taken. The mean results measuredÂ from the studied area ranged from 74.61dB (A) Â in the evening to 76.92dB (A) Â in the afternoon with mean average of 76.66dB (A).The obtained mean values of traffic noise when compared with the permissible level for road traffic noise of 65 decibels dB (A) in commercial area during the Day time, it was observed that theÂ obtained mean level results exceeded the permissible standardÂ limit. These high values can be attributed to poor maintenance of the vehicles, indiscriminate usage of pressure horns and Â present of heavy duty truck that load petroleum product and cargo containers from the Warri refinery and Warri port (Nigeria Port Authority) respectively. This study revealed that immediate health implication may not be observed at the present level, but long term health effects are probable in the nearest future.
Quantifying the local predictability of the 2021 sudden stratospheric warming event using a novel nonlinear method

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is identified as a key role in improving the winter subseasonal-to-seasonal prediction, for its surface impacts up to two weeks through stratosphere troposphere coupling. A better understanding of the predictability of the SSW itself, thus, is fundamental. Most of the previous studies investigate the predictability of SSW events using linear approaches and give the approximate predictability. In the study, we quantify the local predictability limit the 2021 SSW event, which caused cold extremes across East Asia and North America, by applying a nonlinear method, Backward Searching for the Initial Condition (BaSIC), within ERA5 reanalysis data and the S2S reforecasts. The nonlinear method BaSIC is advanced because the nature of SSW is a chaotic system with intrinsic properties, making it difficult to measure its predictability with traditional linear methods. The local predictability limit of this 2021 SSW event is estimated to be 17 days using BaSIC method, exceeding previous estimations by one to two weeks using linear methods. To gain further insight into where the errors may originate and propagate, we trace the sources of forecast errors of this SSW to the area of the fastest error growth. At the beginning of the SSW forecast, the overall forecast errors are relatively small over the whole polar stratosphere; the errors grow slowly in the first 2 weeks, but increase rapidly in the mid-high latitudes over central Eurasia (30°–60° E) and propagate into the rest of Eurasia. This indicates that the forecast errors in the 2021 SSW event mainly originate from the high altitude over central Eurasia.
Researching Internet-Based Populations: Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Survey Research, Online Questionnaire Authoring Software Packages, and Web Survey Services

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This article examines some advantages and disadvantages of conducting online survey research. It explores current features, issues, pricing, and limitations associated with products and services, such as online questionnaire features and services to facilitate the online survey process, such as those offered by web survey businesses. The review shows that current online survey products and services can vary considerably in terms of available features, consumer costs, and limitations. It is concluded that online survey researchers should conduct a careful assessment of their research goals, research timeline, and financial situation before choosing a specific product or service.
Factors Influencing The Use of Local Government Performance Information: Institutional Theory Perspective

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Performance information is used for strategic planning, budgeting, program management, supervision, and evaluation. This performance information is also reported to the external parties. This study aims to examine the factors that influence the use of local government performance information based on institutional theory perspective. Triangulation methods are used to analyze and interpret data. Hypothesis testing is carried out in the quantitative phase using Partial Least Square, then followed by thematic analysis in the qualitative phase. The results showed that technical and organizational factors did not affect the use of performance information, while cultural factors empirically had a significant effect on the use of performance information. Based on the institutional theory perspective, the use of performance information is driven by institutional isomorphism in the form of coercive, mimetic, and normative pressures. The results of this study are expected to contribute to local governments paying attention to cultural factors in optimizing the use of performance information.
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Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

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Differences in Immune Defense Evasion of Selected Inbred Lines of Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora in Two White Grub Species

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

We determined virulence of seven Heterorhabditis bacteriophora strain GPS11 inbred lines possessing superior infective juvenile longevity, and heat and ultra violet radiation tolerance against white grubs Popillia japonica and Cyclocephala borealis. At 1 and 2 weeks after treatment, inbred line A2 was significantly more virulent towards P. japonica compared to the parent strain GPS11 and inbred lines A7, A8, A12 and A21; and line A2 caused significantly higher C. borealis mortality than lines A6 and A12. Penetration, encapsulation and survival of two inbred lines, A2 and A12, that showed the highest and lowest virulence against both grub species were then assessed. There were no differences between the two lines for the total number of nematodes penetrated in either P. japonica or C. borealis within the first 24 h, but a significantly higher percentage of penetrated nematodes were alive in line A2 compared to the line A12 in both grub species. P. japonica immune response over time to hemocoel-injected nematodes of A2, A12 and the parent strain was further investigated. While all injected nematodes were encapsulated at 6 h post injection, non-encapsulated living nematodes were detected at 12 and 24 h post injection, showing the breakage out of encapsulation. A higher percentage of non-encapsulated living nematodes and a lower percentage of dead nematodes were found in line A2 as compared to the line A12 after 12 h post injection. These data suggest that virulence differences in the studied H. bacteriophora inbred lines are not due to differences in nematode penetration or recognition by the grub immune system, but are related to the ability of the infective juveniles to break out of encapsulation.
Analysis of hydroxy fatty acids as pentafluorobenzyl ester, trimethylsilyl ether derivatives by electron ionization gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Electron ionization (EI) gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of pentafluorobenzyl ester-trimethyl sllyl ether (PFB-TMS) derivatives of hydroxy-subshtuted fatty acids provides structural information comparable to that obtained in analysis of methyl ester-trimethyl silyl ether (Me-TMS) derivatives. Use of this derivative eliminates the need to prepare two separate derivatives, the PFB-TMS derivative for molecular weight determination by electron capture ionization (negative ions) analysis and the Me-TMS derivative for structural determination by EI GC/MS analysis. The relative abundance of fragment ions observed during EI GC/MS analysis of these derivatized unsaturated fatty acids indicates the location of the -OTMS substituents relative to double bond positions in those cases studied. The most abundant fragment ions are observed when the compound contains an unsaturation two carbon atoms removed from the -OTMS ether carbon (the β-OTMS position). The "saddle effect" observed in the GC/MS analyses of some derivatized monohy- droxy unsaturated fatty acids is suggested to be due to a thermally allowed pericyclic double bond rearrangement and indicates the presence of a conjugated diene one carbon atom removed from the -OTMS ether carbon (the α-OTMS position). The saddle effect is most prominent for fatty acids that contain additional unsaturation separated by a single methylene unit from the conjugated diene moiety.
DISORDER IN A CHILD OF THREE

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The development of multiple personality disorder (MPD) in a three year old girl is described. She had been followed since the age of 14 months. The subject of a custody dispute, she suffered from multiple on-going traumas, which caused a dissociative state to develop. The traumata were separation from the primary love object, physical and sexual abuse, and deliberate attempts l7y her genetic family of origin to erase her recall of her early history. The development of her MPD is documented on videotapes that begin before an alter personality is fully developed and continue to the time when the alter personality is clearly separate. Finally, they show the treatment phase during which integration occurred. This is probably the earliest documented case of MPD and it gives credence to patients' retrospective reports of the use of this adaptive strategy at such an early age. This case may also indicate that more attention needs to be paid to the impact of ongoing traumas and the development of acute disorders as a means of minimizing post-traumatic damage.
The Effects of ICT and Technological Innovation on Environmental Quality: Evidence from Asian Developing Countries

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

I CT has been considered a crucial player in environmental quality in the present age of industrial revolution and technological advancement. This study, therefore, seeks to examine the effects of ICT on environmental quality including technological innovation in selected Asian developing countries. A panel data that spanned from 1990 to 2018 is utilized to pursue the objectives of this study by applying second-generation panel approaches. In the long run, an inverted U-shaped relationship between the ICT index and CO2 emission is found by FEM and FMOLS estimators, indicating that environmental pollution decreases after attaining a threshold level of ICT development in selected Asian d eveloping countries. The study reveals that technological innovation has a negative and significant influence on reducing CO2 emission, leading to energy efficiency and diminishing the intensity of energy used by inventing environmentally friendly technologies. Besides, electricity consumption and economic growth have positive and significant effects on the environment however, a negative and significant effect is found in the case of trade openness. The interactive effect of ICT and economic growth decreases the level of pollution while the moderate effect of ICT and technological innovation worsens the environmental quality in sample countries. The findings reveal that the role of ICT and technological innovation in mitigating environmental degradation still needs improvement in sample countries. The use of environmentally friendly ICT products and more green technological innovation are needed to improve energy efficiency by providing more fiscal incentives and infrastructures and enforcing environmental laws and regulations in the sample countries.
Effect of the presence of the mammary gland on periparturient immunosuppression in dairy cows

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

Impaired immune function during the periparturient period contributes to the increased susceptibility of the cow to infectious disease around the time of calving. Changes in subpopulations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells during the immediate periparturient period 1 Reprinted with permission of J. of Dairy Science, 1999, 82 (2), 315-319 2 Graduate student. Department of Biomedical Sciences,lovi'a State University. 3 Primary researcher and author 4 USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Metabolic Diseases and Immunology Research Unit 5 Author for correspondence
Heritage Issues in Local Authority Property Management and Funding

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Many local authorities, particularly those associated with the 'major cities', have responsibility for maintaining a part of the national heritage, which may be in danger of serious depreciation due to inadequacies in the funding process. This chapter focuses attention on two sectors of local authority spending where heritage may be an important determinant of cost and where the resources necessary are possibly restrained by funding arrangements. The vast proportion of the income to local authorities comes from central government grants. Possibly the most important reasoning for grants is an attempt at resource equalisation because authorities with greatest need are not always those with greatest resources. The Standard Spending Assessment is central government's view of the appropriate expenditure for each local authority in producing a standard level of service. Coal mining was a major contributor to despoiled land for decades despite restoration of open-cast coal and ironstone sites being enforceable by law.