jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
TNI Neutrality in General Elections: Analysis of Army Family Voting Rights in Magelang

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The neutrality regulations of the Indonesian National Army (TNI) enable them to be able to maintain the Spirit of Reform. The reformation mandate requires the army to be neutral in the General Elections in Indonesia. This writing aims to find out the participation of the Indonesian army family in the general election, especially in the 2019 presidential election in a case study in Magelang City, and the extent to which TNI family understands the neutrality of TNI and their participation in the activities of the Presidential General Election in 2019. The method applied in this research uses the qualitative descriptive type and the case study type based on interviews and observation. The research results show that army families in Magelang City already know the rules regarding TNI neutrality during elections. As civil society, the TNI family also exercised their right to vote, and no one participated as a success team or party officer. In this case, the TNI family is given the freedom to choose without any interference from TNI members. Based on the research that has been carried out it can be concluded that there is a need to increase awareness and conditions when the related person is faced with the situation as head of the family and a member of the TNI in order to to maintain the spirit of the constitution.
INR Self-Management Permits Lower Anticoagulation Levels After Mechanical Heart Valve Replacement

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background— The Early Self Controlled Anticoagulation Trial (ESCAT I) showed that anticoagulation self-management after mechanical heart valve replacement decreased complication rates by maintaining INR levels closer to the target range than International Normalized Ratio (INR) home doctor management. The therapeutic range for the INR in that study was between 2.5 and 4.5 for all positions of prosthetic valves. ESCAT II should find out whether lowering the target range for INR self-management would further reduce complication rates. Methods— ESCAT II is a prospective controlled randomized (valves: St. Jude Medical Standard or Medtronic Hall, treatment: conventional/low-dose) multicenter study with 3 300 patients. We present interim results of 1 818 patients. 908 were categorized as having a low-dose target range, which was INR 1.8 to 2.8 for prostheses in aortic position and 2.5 to 3.5 for prostheses in mitral position or in combined valve replacement. The control group (conventional group) with 910 patients aimed at an INR of 2.5 to 4.5 for all valve positions. Results— In the conventional group, 74% of INR values measured were within the therapeutic range. In the low-dose group, 72% of the values were within that range. The linearized thromboembolism rate (% per patient year) was 0.21% for both groups. The bleeding complication rate was 0.56% in the low-dose regimen group versus 0.91% in the conventional group. Conclusions— Early onset INR self-management under oral anticoagulation after mechanical heart valve replacement enables patients to keep within a lower and smaller INR target range. The reduced anticoagulation level resulted in fewer grade III bleeding complications without increasing thromboembolic event rates.
New York State Climate Impacts Assessment Chapter 03: Agriculture

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Agriculture is a vital industry in New York State, which ranks among the top‐producing states for dairy, fruits, and several other commodities. As agriculture depends on the weather and specific climatic conditions, this sector faces extraordinary challenges as New York's climate changes. This chapter explores the many impacts of a changing climate on agriculture, the ways these impacts interact with other challenges that New York farmers and farmworkers face, and opportunities for the agriculture industry to adapt and build resilience.
Data from Eribulin: Rediscovering Tubulin as an Anticancer Target

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<div>Abstract<p>Eribulin mesylate (E7389) is a synthetic analog of the marine macrolide halichondrin B, which acts as a novel microtubule modulator with a distinct mechanism of action. Two eribulin mesylate phase 1 studies exploring weekly and 3-weekly schedules are reported in this issue. These trials show linear pharmacokinetics, a toxicity profile consisting in neutropenia and fatigue, and early hints of antitumor activity. In this commentary we give a brief historical perspective of the halichondrins and put into context eribulin mesylate as a novel tubulin modulator.</p></div>
WhereToGo: Personalized Travel Recommendation for Individuals and Groups

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the rapid development of GPS-enabled mobile devices, huge amounts of user-contributed data with location information can be collected from the Internet. With this kind of data, one promising application is travel recommendation, which has attracted a considerable number of researches recently. However, most of the previous studies only focus on one aspect of the relations among users and locations or make a coarse linear combination of the relations. Moreover, all the existing work on travel recommendation do not consider recommendation to groups, which is an important characteristic of travelers' behavior. In this paper, we present a personalized travel recommendation system named Where to Go. The novelty of the system is a 3R model which can unify user-location relation, user-user relation and location-location relation into a single framework and perform random walk with restart to analyze the model. We further extend our approach to provide recommendations for groups. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to use random walk with restart for group recommendation. We conduct a comprehensive performance evaluation using a real dataset collected from Flickr, which is one of the most popular online photo-sharing sites. Experimental results show that our approach provides significantly superior recommendation quality compared to other state-of-the-art travel recommendation approaches for both individuals and groups.
Depression and associated factors among older people in Vietnam: Findings from a National Aging Survey

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders among older people. Depressive symptoms are often overlooked and untreated in primary care settings. This study aims to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among older people in Vietnam. Method The study analyzed data from the Vietnam National Aging Survey (VNAS) conducted in 2022 with a nationally representative sample of 3,006 older people aged 60 and over in 12 provinces. The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was used to assess depressive symptoms. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to explore the association between depressive symptoms and other related factors such as sociodemographic and economic characteristics, social support, health status, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) limitations, chronic diseases, cigarette smoking status, alcoholic drinking, and domestic violence. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms among older people was 20.2%. The associated factors that increase the odds of having depression among older people were female gender (OR = 2.21, 95% CI 1.34–3.62), living in rural areas (OR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.15–2.89), the poorest quintile (OR = 2.26, 95% CI 1.39–3.66), self-rated poor health (OR = 11.68, 95% CI 4.96–27.49), ADL limitations (OR = 2.12, 95% CI 1.51–2.99), IADL limitation (OR = 1.61 95% CI 1.16–2.25), and experiencing domestic violence in the last 12 months (OR = 6.66, 95% CI 4.00–11.05). Conclusion Depression symptoms were prevalent among older people in Vietnam. Depression screening for older people should be included in primary care settings for early identification and treatment of depression.
How are Voters Influenced by Opinion Polls? The Effect of Polls on Voting Behavior and Party Sympathy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Similar to all other types of information, public opinion polls can influence public opinion. We present two hypotheses to understand how polls affect public opinion: the bandwagon and the underdog effect. The bandwagon effect claims that voters “jump on the bandwagon,” which means that if a party is gaining in the polls, the party will gain additional support from the voters, and vice versa if the party is losing in the polls. The underdog effect suggests that if a party is losing in the polls, the party will gain some sympathy votes to offset this loss. We use a survey experiment to test the two hypotheses. We find evidence of the bandwagon effect, and the effect is strongest in the positive direction. When voters learn that a party is gaining in the polls, voters will be more likely to vote for it. There is also some evidence for the negative bandwagon effect. We find no evidence for the underdog effect. The effects head in the same direction regardless of the size of the party. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings with regards to a potential ban on publishing opinion polls.
Differences between the effects of two meclofenoxate doses on active training for two-way avoidance in rats.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Male Wistar rats were trained for active two-way avoidance in a shuttle-box apparatus for five consecutive days. Meclofenoxate, in doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg i.p., was applied in two separate groups of rats, 60 min before the beginning of the training. Meclofenoxate (Mf), applied in a dose of 100 mg/kg, slightly improved the avoidance training, whereas in a dose of 300 mg/kg it "deteriorated" learning during the last two training days. Retrospective analysis of the experimental results showed that Mf caused a dose-dependent increase in the percentage of rats who were "poor learners", compared with the percentage of "poor learners" among the controls. On the other hand, the Mf-treated "good learners" manifested an essentially better capacity for avoidance training, compared with the control "good learners". The data obtained suggest that Mf increases the adaptational capacities of rats trained for active avoidance possibly in two different ways: in part of the animals it causes improvement of the conditioned reflex activity, in another part of the animals it increases their resistance to the stressogenic stimuli used during such a training.
Addendum zu Tetrachlorethen [BAT Value Documentation in German language, 2018]

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Abstract In 2017, the German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated tetrachloroethylene [CAS No. 127‐18‐4 ] considering tetrachloroethylene in blood to characterize the internal exposure at the workplace. Available publications are described in detail. The exposure equivalents for carcinogenic substances (EKA) of tetrachloroethylene uptake by inhalation and tetrachloroethylene in blood were confirmed and extended due to recent data. The evaluation of the BAT value was based on the relationship between tetrachloroethylene uptake by inhalation at the MAK value and the corresponding concentration of tetrachloroethylene in blood. An eight‐hour exposure to the present MAK value of 10 ml tetrachloroethylene/m 3 correlates 16 hours after exposure with a mean tetrachloroethylene concentration in blood of approximately 200 µg/l. Therefore, a BAT value of 200 µg tetrachloroethylene/l blood was evaluated. Sampling time is 16 hours after exposure.
Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Attributions on Employees’ Creative Performance: The Mediating Role of Psychological Safety

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

This study contributes to the growing literature on individual-level outcomes of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Employing a sample of 339 subordinate–supervisor dyads, we explored the differential impact of CSR attributions on employees' creative performance in the telecom industry. We also introduced and tested the role of psychological safety as a mediator underlying this relationship. The results indicate that although intrinsic CSR attributions are not directly related to creative performance, extrinsic CSR attributions have a significant negative effect on creative performance. We also found that psychological safety mediates the positive relationship between intrinsic CSR and creative performance and the negative relationship between extrinsic CSR and creative performance. Directions for future research and implications for practice are discussed.
Soluble class I histocompatibility antigens (s-HLA) and beta 2-microglobulin at delivery.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

In this work we have quantified soluble class I histocompatibility antigens (s-HLA) and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2 m) in sera of HIV+ or HIV- mothers at delivery and in cord blood sera of their newborn children. The results obtained for beta 2 m show that cord blood sera of newborn children have higher concentrations than their mothers, implying that most of the beta 2 m in the newborn is self-produced as described previously. s-HLA serum concentrations in the newborn children are significantly lower than in their mothers or in age-matched controls. Moreover, HIV+ mothers have significantly higher serum concentrations than HIV- mothers or an age-matched control group. These results suggest that s-HLA does not cross the placental barrier.
15 October 2007, Aotearoa: Race, Terror and Sovereignty

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper discusses the anti-terror raids conducted on 15 October 2007 in Aotearoa through an exploration of the online print media coverage of the raids on that same day as well as the policing techniques employed. These two key instruments of state power and legitimacy, I argue, sought to produce a racialised moral panic around terrorism. Drawing on the works of Mbembe, Agamben, and Foucault, I examine the media practice as media necropower at work and the arrests in terms of state of exception and biopower to suggest that the racialisation of terror is a deliberate strategy of consolidating the sovereignty of the nation-state, a sovereignty preconditioned upon racism. The coverage of the event and the policing techniques both animates and perpetuates a racialised sovereignty that is foundational to the legitimacy of the postcolonial nation-state.
Role of MNC Headquarters in Value Creation

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Prior investigations conceptualized corporate headquarters as an important orchestrator of innovation (transfer) processes between subsidiaries, but our consulting experiences show that headquarters‘ intervention can potentially hinder innovation (development) within subsidiaries. Drawing from existing literature on the innovation paradox and the capability theory, this paper directly examines the impact of innovation-integration dilemma on value creation in MNCs, and overcomes this impediment by coining a new term innovativeness scalability that would enable innovation development and transfer to occur automatically and simultaneously within and across subsidiaries. Based on our findings and past experiences, our results indicate that engaging in indirect intervention is an important strategy for corporate headquarters wishing to resolve the innovation-integration dilemma and create value for their organizations.
Factors Affecting the Quality of Online Learning During COVID-19: Evidence From a Developing Economy

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the factors affecting the quality of online learning of Pakistani students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Developing economies such as Pakistan present a unique context to online education as there is limited access to technology, ITC services, and the internet for the general public. This paper integrates the factors affecting the online learning process of students while taking the situational factors as a boundary condition (moderating variable). Data were collected through a Appendix Questionnaire administered to students studying in different universities in Pakistan. Stepwise linear regression and PROCESS Macro by Hayes (2013) was used for data analysis. Results revealed that university support, instructors’ support, and motivational factors predicted the quality of online learning. The situational factors negatively influenced the relationship of instructors’ support and motivational factors and the quality of online learning. University support and the quality of online learning relationships were not moderated by situational factors.
The Hitchhiker's Guide to Tobacco Control: A Global Assessment of Harms, Remedies, and Controversies

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

One in three adults worldwide (>1.1 billion people) smokes; 80% live in low- and middle-income countries. Tobacco use causes five million deaths each year and, if current smoking patterns continue, will kill 10 million persons annually by 2020. From 1970 to 2000, tobacco leaf production decreased by 36% in developed countries but more than doubled in developing countries. China is the world's leading producer and consumer of tobacco. Seven multinational tobacco companies dominate the world cigarette market, led by Altria, British American Tobacco, and Japan Tobacco, which collectively manufacture more than 2 trillion cigarettes per year. Extensive knowledge exists about effective tobacco control interventions. However, dissemination of best practices and adoption and implementation of recommended policies are fragmentary. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (ratified by 140 countries as of October 1, 2006) provides a template outlining the ingredients for a comprehensive tobacco control campaign.
Developmental pattern of three vesicular glutamate transporters in the myenteric plexus of the human fetal small intestine.

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Three vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUT1-3) have previously been identified in the central nervous system, where they define the glutamatergic phenotype, and their expression is tightly regulated during brain development. In the present study we applied immunocytochemistry to examine the distribution of the immunoreactivity of all three VGLUTs during prenatal development of the myenteric plexus in the human small intestine. We also investigated changes in their localization in the different segments of the small intestine and in the different compartments of the developing myenteric ganglia. Immunoreactivity against all three VGLUTs was found predominantly in the ganglionic neuropil, interganglionic varicose fibers and perisomatic puncta, but cytoplasmic labeling with different intensities also occurred. Each transporter displayed a characteristic spatiotemporal expression pattern, with the transient increase or decrease of immunoreactive cell bodies, varicosities or perisomatic puncta, depending on the fetal age, the gut segment or the ganglionic compartment. Throughout gestational weeks 14-23, VGLUT1 immunoreactivity always predominated over VGLUT2 immunoreactivity, though both peaked around week 20. VGLUT3 immunoreactivity was less abundant in the developing myenteric plexus than those of VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 immunoreactivity. It was mainly expressed in the ganglionic neuropil and in the perisomatic puncta throughout the examined gestational period. Neuronal perikarya immunoreactive for VGLUT3 were restricted to between weeks 18 and 20 of gestation and exclusively to the oral part of the small intestine.
Formulation Containing Phytosomes of Crocin-Rich Extract fromNyctanthes arbor-tristis and Petroselinic Acid from Coriandrum sativumseeds Exhibits Sunscreen and Moisturizing Effects

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background: Orange coloured tubular calyx of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis can be utilized as a substitute for saffron due to the presence of crocin, an apocarotenoid, which can act as a sun-screen agent. Petroselinic acid is reported to have a moisturizing effect on the skin. Objective: To utilize the tubular calyx of Nyctanthes arbor- tristis as an economical source of crocin and Coriandrum sativum seed oil as a source of petroselinic acid for the development of a stable phytosomal gel formulation and to evaluate its sunscreen and moisturizing activities. Methodology: Phytosomes of standardized crocin-rich extract and petroselinic acid were prepared separately by lipid film hydration technique. The phytosomes were then incorporated into a gel base prepared from dehydroxanthan gum, and it was evaluated for in-vitro sunscreen activity by using Mansur’s equation. Moisturizing effect of the phytosomal gel was evaluated on 10 healthy female volunteers with their informed consent, and the water content of the stratum corneum was measured by using a Digital Moisture detector pen before and 5 hours later the application of the gel. Results: Mean initial moisture content of the skin was found to be 30.08 %, which was signifi-cantly (P < 0.05) raised to 45.59% at the end of 5 hours. Sun Protection Factor was found to be 15.09 and with a Boot Star rating of 2. Conclusion: Entrapping the phytoconstituents in vesicles increased stability, and the formulation was found to have moderate protection and a good moisturizing effect on the skin.
Implementation of a simple method to measure total umbilical cord length

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

INTRODUCTION: Umbilical cord (UC) alterations are involved in fetal and neonatal complications, and even deaths. Abnormal length has been recognized as the most important UC feature linked to unfavorable results. However, how can the UC be accurately measured in cases in which there is an overriding need for intravenous intervention, urgent lab samples or segments for stem cell cultivation? METHODS: We performed an observational study to describe our UC length measurement method at the San Ignacio University Hospital (HUSI). RESULTS: All HUSI obstetricians and pediatricians accepted the new rapid cord measurement method; no delays were reported for either maternal or neonatal care. CONCLUSIONS: In light of the association of abnormal UC length to complications, we recommend that complete UC length data be registered. Our new and rapid method allows for any UC intervention to be performed, while at the same time, providing precise UC length data under all circumstances.
Reliability practice in Aerospace Zero-defect Systems Engineering Management

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

The Aerospace Zero-defect Systems Engineering Management (AZDSEM) is the managerial system and methodology currently applied in Chinese aerospace industries. Its key elements are to make `doing things right at first time' as the target and require various tasks to be successfully and reliably implemented; to ensure excellent quality of the products and accurate operation in various R&D, manufacturing and service processes under aerospace projects. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of AZDSEM in a reliability perspective. By summarizing the current practice and analyzing its managerial system structure, elements and analysis method, some suggestions for further improving AZDSEM are proposed in the aspects of developing its corresponding quality strategy, training and audit programs.