jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Reference materials on Byzantine and Old Slavic music and hymnography

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

One of the reasons for the neglect of Byzantine music, liturgy and hymnography within medieval studies undoubtedly lies in the difficulty of comprehending the special terminology. The indices in general accounts such as A History of Byzantine Music and Hymnography by Egon Wellesz (Oxford 1/1949, 2/1961), a work still not surpassed, help only those who are already acquainted with the liturgical practice of the Orthodox Church to find a way into the subject. The booklet by Dimitri Conomos, Byzantine Hymnography and Byzantine Chant (Brookline 1984), which is much more modest in scope, constitutes a suitable introduction. We may therefore applaud the initiative of the Greek scholar Georgios Bergotes, professor at the Ecclesiastical Academy in Thessalonika and author of several works in the area of liturgy and church music, who has compiled a Λεξικò λειτουργικν κα τελετουργικν ὅρων (Lexicon of liturgical and teleturgical terms, Thessalonika 1988). In this introduction to teleturgy Bergotes offers a definition of the two terms liturgy and teleturgy as conceived by the Orthodox Church, which help understand the aims and methods of compilation of the lexicon: ‘In the discipline of liturgy the services and festivals of the orthodox rite are investigated from a historical, archeological and theological standpoint, while the discipline of teleturgy engages the same services or festivals from the practical point of view and in their technical aspects.’
Military Personnel: First-Term Personnel Less Satisfied With Military Life Than Those in Mid-Career

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This report analyzes the Department of Defense's (DOD) 1999 survey of active duty personnel. GAO found that among first-term and mid-career personnel, satisfaction with military life and retention intent, which tend to increase with an individual's seniority, were important reasons for joining the armed forces. Among first-term enlisted personnel, education benefits and training for civilian employment were among the top reasons for joining. Mid-career personnel cited a desire to serve their country as one of the main reasons for joining, and these individuals said that they were likely to serve 20 years. Mid-career enlisted personnel and officers who joined for education benefits or for training for a specific occupation--skills that can be transferred to civilian jobs--said that they were more likely to leave the military. Base pay, the amount of personal/family leave time, and leadership quality were the main reasons cited by servicemembers for leaving the military. Servicemembers did, however, view some aspects of military life more favorable compared with civilian life, including vacation time, sense of accomplishment and pride, and education and training opportunities."
Clinical outcomes, virological efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide in the treatment of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Although nitazoxanide can help virological eradication and is also tolerable, it does not provide additional clinical benefits. Based on these evidences, the use of nitazoxanide in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 is not recommended.
ECA to train experts on how to achieve macroeconomic policy convergence in East and North Africa

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Experts from various ministries of finance and planning; Central Banks, and regional economic communities (RECs) in North and East Africa will participate in a four-day workshop on how to enhance the capacity of African countries to achieve macroeconomic policy convergence which opens today in Cairo. The workshop is in the context of the continued work of the Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) in developing the capacity of African policy makers, RECs and research communities, to design, implement and monitor sound macroeconomic policies and better institutional frameworks. The studies provide recommendations on how to most effectively transmit lessons learnt and issues identified to policy makers. They will provide an analytical foundation for the training materials which will be used at the workshop.
Silicon and Inorganic Flame Retardants

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

Silicon is one of the fundamental elements that can be used to deliver flame retardancy, regardless of its chemical form. In this chapter we explored the flame-retardant aspects of different silicon-based materials, such as silicone, silane, silsesquioxane, silica, and silicate. In addition, discussing the traditional silicon materials, there are new trends, such as developing ceramic flame retardants based upon silicon materials that can be used for wire and cable applications. Silicon-based nanomaterials are still active area of research. Mesoporous silica has the potential to act as flame retardant. Other inorganic flame retardants have also been explored, such as tin, molybdenum, iron, and magnesium-based compounds.
Incoherent light sources – why worry?

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

While most lasers with open beams pose a potential hazard, this is hardly true of most lamps. In fact almost all lamps are safe. However, in recent years there have been concerns raised about light emitting diodes (LEDs) that are rich in blue light. The LED technology employed in modern computer screens also generates a larger fraction of blue light compared to most conventional light sources used for general illumination. The correlated color temperature (CCT) of many displays and inexpensive LED lamps can be relatively high - at least as high as the CCT of cool-white fluorescent lamps. While almost all of these LED “white-light” lamp sources are not considered hazardous by today’s lamp-safety standards, Some installations are of poor design - resulting in significant discomfort glare and employees and consumers may complain. Although the LSO normally is not called on to answer safety questions posed by these types of lamps, some may complain to the LSO and it is useful to understand these new issues. There are basically only two types of sources that are hazardous: (1) open arcs and arc lamps, and (2) short ultraviolet lamps (e.g., sunlamps and germicidal (UV-C) lamps.
Effects of defect propagation/growth on in-line defect-based yield prediction

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the importance of understanding defect propagation/growth and its impact on in-line yield prediction. In order to improve the prediction accuracy, impact of defect propagation and growth phenomena needs to be modeled and incorporated into yield prediction system. We developed a new yield prediction model by taking into account defect carryover. The empirical results of interlayer and intralayer defect propagation analysis using actual fabline data are presented.
Geochemical\nand Hydrologic Factors Controlling Subsurface\nTransport of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances, Cape Cod, Massachusetts

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Growing evidence that certain poly-\nand perfluoroalkyl substances\n(PFASs) are associated with negative human health effects prompted\nthe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to issue lifetime drinking\nwater health advisories for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane\nsulfonate (PFOS) in 2016. Given that groundwater is a major source\nof drinking water, the main objective of this work was to investigate\ngeochemical and hydrological processes governing the subsurface transport\nof PFASs at a former fire training area (FTA) on Cape Cod, Massachusetts,\nwhere PFAS-containing aqueous film-forming foams were used historically.\nA total of 148 groundwater samples and 4 sediment cores were collected\nalong a 1200-m-long downgradient transect originating near the FTA\nand analyzed for PFAS content. The results indicate that unsaturated\nzones at the FTA and at hydraulically downgradient former domestic\nwastewater effluent infiltration beds both act as continuous PFAS\nsources to the groundwater despite 18 and 20 years of inactivity,\nrespectively. Historically different PFAS sources are evident from\ncontrasting PFAS composition near the water table below the FTA and\nwastewater-infiltration beds. Results from total oxidizable precursor\nassays conducted using groundwater samples collected throughout the\nplume suggest that some perfluoroalkyl acid precursors at this site\nare transporting with perfluoroalkyl acids.
A Reliable and Secure Distributed In-network Data Storage Scheme in Wireless Sensor Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In a battlefield surveillance scenario, data readings and events emerging from a wireless sensor network deployed that may not be used immediately by or simply impossible to transmit to an authorized user (a Soldier) in real time are stored in the network. Without proper protection for the sensitive data generated in this setting, a compromised storage node (by an enemy soldier) may divulge its stored sensitive data about the monitored environment, and even worse, it may alter the data. In this paper, we integrate an elliptic curve cryptography scheme and an erasure coding scheme to provide reliable and secure distributed in-network data storage for sensor networks. The main idea is to distribute each erasure coded fragment appended with a fingerprint to different storage nodes. The fingerprint is to allow each coded data fragment to be independently verified as a valid and correct subset of a specific data item. So, the scheme achieves localization of data error. The proposed scheme is resilient to collusion attack, pollution attack, and data dropping attack, and guarantees forward and backward data secrecy as well. The security of the proposed scheme relies on the intractability of the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem. Different from the existing solutions, the uniqueness of our method comes from the use of lightweight encryption scheme, which is well suited for resource constrained wireless sensors.
Physical space and division of labor around a tabletop tangible simulation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We describe a tangible tabletop simulation, the Tinker Table, which is designed to train logistics apprentices in Switzerland. Vocational training is organized following a dual model which combines practice on the workplace and theory in the professional school. Two groups of learners were observed during an activity which consists of optimizing the layout of a warehouse. We propose a descriptive account of how the spatial position of resources and learners influences the type of manipulations which are performed by each of them.
ModraDoc006/Ritonavir Offers Promising Therapeutic Option for mCRPC, Convenient Approach Amid COVID-19 Pandemic

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

ModraDoc006, a novel oral docetaxel formulation, has advantages as a convenient, oral, and better-tolerated potential therapeutic option for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) when combined with ritonavir (ModraDoc006/r; Abstract 132).
Transport and Distribution of Spermatozoa in the Reproductive tract of the Cow

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The distribution of spermatozoa in the regions of the reproductive tracts of heifers was studied 1, 8 and 24 hr. after insemination. Comparison was made of the distribution of spermatozoa with and without mating, using animals slaughtered the same length of time after insemination (1 hr.). The numbers of spermatozoa recovered from the vagina and cervix decreased progressively following insemination. Sperm numbers recovered from the uterotubal junction and the oviducts reached a maximum 8 hr. after insemination. Data suggest that copulation decreased the concentration of spermatozoa in the uterotubal junction and oviduct due to expulsion of spermatozoa by mucus. Copulation may increase rate of transport of spermatozoa that are present.
Anoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: association of predictors with the vital and functional prognosis of patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Improve the prediction of the vital and functional prognosis of comatose patients suffering from anoxic-ischemic encephalopathy after successful resuscitation from a cardiac arrest, addmitted to the Intensive Care and Coronary Units of the Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, based on clinical, neurophysiological and biochemical results. \nThe results of these different tests, revised and combined all together, will improve the prediction of the patients' prognosis, leading to an accurate vital and functional outcome, as they only have been studied separately so far. Anoxia is the third most frequent cause of coma, and the most common cause of post-anoxic coma in adults is the cardiac arrest. The incidence of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury is not well known, but it is certain that cardiac arrest, the most common cause of post-anoxic coma, affects approximately 24000 to 50000 Spanish people every year, most of them occuring out of the hospital. A cardiac arrest is the abrupt cessation of normal circulation of the blood due to failure of the heart to contract effectively during systole. It is different from, but may be caused by, a heart attack or myocardial infarction, where blood flow to the still-beating heart is interrupted. Arrested blood circulation prevents delivery of oxygen to all parts of the body. Cerebral hypoxia, or lack of oxygen supply to the brain, causes victims to lose consciousness and to stop normal breathing, although agonal breathing may still occur. Brain injury is likely if cardiac arrest is untreated for more than five minutes
Three Dimensions Reconstruction of Single-spectrum Multi-X-ray Views of Contraband Based on Space Carving Method

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

Abstract In consideration of imaging principle and sampling process of the X-ray imager, the collected images often appear blurry and noisy. We propose to add image processing in the reconstruction process to optimize the 3D reconstruction surface results of X-ray images in this paper. This paper proposes an automatic image data acquisition method to acquire images. According to the characteristics of X-ray images, an image processing method is drawn up. In this paper, the original image and the processed X-ray image are divided into two groups, and three-dimensional reconstruction is performed respectively, and the visualization effect and reconstruction time of the reconstruction result is compared. Experiments show that the running speed of the program is improved, and the visualization results show that the surface texture refinement and the reconstruction structure of the reconstruction effect after image processing have also been well optimized.
Weight Loss, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Quality of Life After Gastric Bypass and Duodenal Switch

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Background: Gastric bypass and duodenal switch are currently performed bariatric surgical procedures. Uncontrolled studies sug-gest that duodenal switch induces greater weight loss than gastric bypass. Objective: To determine whether duodenal switch leads to greater weight loss and more favorable improvements in cardiovascular risk factors and quality of life than gastric bypass. Design: Randomized, parallel-group trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov regis-tration number: NCT00327912)
Forage Quality of Key Native Species in Northwestern South Dakota

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The volume of literature associated with forage quality in general is vast, and includes many aspects such as crude protein, minerals, fibers, carbohydrates, and other measures of the quality of a potential forage source for ruminants. Literature on forage quality research in South Dakota represents only a few species and does not adequately cover key range species in the northwest area of the state. Researchers in adjacent states have reported results on crude protein, phosphorus, calcium, and other quality measures not implemented in this study. Whitman et al., Williams, Dubbs, Jefferies and Rice, Dietz, Williamson and Hart et al. have all researched species in common with this study. The review of the literature is by no means exhaustive, but the lack of work done in northwestern South Dakota is evident. This project was initiated as a companion study to a cattle diet analysis study being conducted by Dr. Dan Uresk, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Rapid City, South Dakota. The data reported in this thesis will complement the results of the diet study. In addition to providing forage quality, this research was intended to provide general information about key forage species and other, less important species, that comprise an appreciable portion of the botanical composition. Information provided may serve both livestock and wildlife research and application, as well as livestock producer$ in northwestern South Dakota. Research objectives were (1) to define seasonal trends for crude protein, calcium, phosphorus, moisture content, and calcium to phosphorus (Ca:P) ratios over two growing seasons; and (2) to record phenological stages of every species at each sampling date.
Diagnóstico Sobre o Estudo da Sustentabilidade nos Cursos de Ensino Superior no Brasil

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Sustainable Development is an incessant quest by States and individuals to improve the quality of life for present and future generations. Brazil, as a signatory to the Paris Agreement and the SDGs, seeks actions to achieve the proposed objectives, and one of them is associated with target 4.7. of the SDGs, where it reinforces the importance of education for sustainable development. Thus, this descriptive article, using the hypothetical deductive method, and a qualitative and quantitative research, sought to identify, using the MEC national data base, the undergraduate courses in Brazil associated with the theme of sustainability, georeferencing them with a view to map them and quantify their distribution of vacancies in relation to the Brazilian population. After analyzing the results, it was possible to identify that there are 341 higher education courses in Brazil focused on the theme of sustainability, accounting for 396,349 vacancies/year offered in 25 states and the Federal District, but unevenly, prioritizing states in the South-Southeast axis, the which demonstrates its permeability in the national territory, but still incipient for the theme to be in fact disseminated in higher education courses, and in this way the long-awaited Sustainable Development is achieved.
Recent Insights into the Implication of Nitric Oxide in Osteoblast Differentiation and Proliferation during Bone Development

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Bone tissue renovation is a dynamic event in which osteoblasts and osteoclasts are responsible for the turnover between bone formation and bone resorption, respectively. During bone development, extracellular matrix remodeling is required for osteoblast differentiation and the process is largely mediated by the proteolytic activity of extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which play a fundamental role in osteoblast migration, unmineralized matrix degradation, and cell invasion. The recent advances towards investigation in osteogenesis have provided significant information about the transcriptional regulation of several genes, including MMPs, by the expression of crucial transcription factors like NFAT, ATF4, osterix, TAZ, and Cbfa-1–responsive elements. Evidence from gene knock-out studies have shown that bone formation is, at least in part, mediated by nitric oxide (NO), since mice deficient in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and mice deficient in the eNOS downstream effector (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKG) show bone abnormalities, while inducible NOS (iNOS) null mice also show imbalances in bone osteogenesis and abnormalities in bone healing. Recently, in vitro data showed that Cbfa-1 and the MAPK pathways were crucial for osteoblastic cell differentiation, and NO was found to play a significant role. This article sheds light on some of the mechanisms that may influence NO-mediated actions in bone development.
Unexpected ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequence variation within Erysiphe aquilegiae sensu lato

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

The African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) naturally tolerates severe dehydration using biochemical adaptation, one of which is the elevation of antioxidant defenses during whole-body dehydration. The present study investigated the role and regulation of a pathway known to regulate oxidative stress response, the Akt-FoxO signaling pathway, in clawed frog skeletal muscle, responding to medium (15%) and high (30%) dehydration. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated Akt, FoxO1, and FoxO3 were assessed via immunoblotting, in addition to the levels of the E3 ubiquitin ligase known to be associated with muscle atrophy, MAFbx. Akt activity/phosphorylation in addition to its total protein levels were decreased in the skeletal muscle during dehydration, and this corresponded with decreases in the relative phosphorylation of FoxO1 and FoxO3 as well on several residues. Akt is an inhibitor of FoxO1 and FoxO3 activity via phosphorylation, suggesting that FoxO activities were increased during dehydration stress. Furthermore, MAFbx showed decreased protein expression during high dehydration as well, suggesting that the clawed frog may exhibit some natural resistance to skeletal muscle atrophy during severe dehydration conditions. In addition to identifying that the suppression of Akt could lead to an activation of FoxO transcription factors in X. laevis during dehydration, these investigations suggest that X. laevis dehydration may implicate FoxO1 and FoxO3 in controlling skeletal muscle atrophy in X. laevis exposed to dehydration. This study implicates the Akt signaling pathway, its regulation of FoxO transcription factors, and FoxO-controlled targets, in stress adaptation against dehydration.
Adult Dyslexia: A Guide for the Workplace

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Adult Dyslexia: Myths, Realities and Success How Society can Disable or Empower Dyslexics Disability Anti-Discrimination Legislation Dyslexics in the Workforce: Strengths, Weaknesses and Reasonable Adjustments Managing Adult Dyslexia in the Work Place Counselling Adult Dyslexics