jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH BAHASA IBU TERHADAP PENGUASAAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI DOBO, KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN ARU

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study aimed to determine the effect of mother tongue use on the mastery of the Indonesian language in primary school children. The method used in this study was interviews and surveys with 10 primary school teachers and 20 parents, and observations on 50 randomly selected primary school students in Dobo. Data was collected through a survey questionnaire given to parents of students and direct observation of students as they interacted with their parents at home. The data was then analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques and simple linear regression. The results showed that the use of the mother tongue has a significant effect on the mastery of the Indonesian language in primary school children. Children who frequently speak in their mother tongue tend to have lower mastery of the Indonesian language compared to children who rarely or never speak in their mother tongue. This study has implications for the development of language education curriculum in primary schools and also for parents in choosing the language used when interacting with their children at home. Further research could expand the population scope and consider other variables that may affect the mastery of the Indonesian language in primary school children.
Asynchronous systems for constraint satisfaction: Filtering and stability

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

We discuss the formulation of, and stability conditions for, a set of generally asynchronous signal processing systems for solving a class of constraint satisfaction problems. Problems within this class are specifically those where a quadratic conservation principle is known to exist, as commonly occurs in stationarity conditions associated with a variety of convex and nonconvex optimization problems. With the intent of addressing a wide range of system architectures, the presented stability results are formulated for use with both a generally asynchronous update protocol, modeled as sample-and-hold subsystems triggered by independent Bernoulli processes, and also first-order filtering of the asynchronous updates. Numerical examples are provided by illustration and reference, indicating system behavior consistent with the presented stability results.
Loyalitas Pelanggan : Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan dan Kepuasan Pelanggan Pada Rumah Sakit Umum Syaiful Anwar Malang

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Hospital is one of government institution have responsibility to serve public healt. To reach that purpose, this institution must be increase services betterto creted costumer satisfaction. Hypotesis on this research ; 1) To know direct real influence Services Quality (Tanggible, Reliabiity, Responsiveness, Assurance and Emphaty) and Costumer Satisfaction to costumer Loyality, 2) To know Costumer Satisfaction as intervening variable between Services Quality and Costumer Loyality. Location on this research is Rumah Sakit Syaiful Anwar Malang. This research used explanatory research with survey approach.. Analisys Methode used Structural Equation Model (SEM) with Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) 4.0 version. The finding reported here reveal that there are 1) Services Quality have positive infuences with Costumer Loyality, 2) Services Quality have positive infuences with Costumer Satisfaction, 3) Costume Satisfaction are positive intervening variable between Sevices Quality and Costumer Loyality.
Defective antigen presentation in chronically protein-deprived mice.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Immunodeficiency syndromes associated with protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) have been documented extensively, although to date the mechanism underlying these defects remains uncharacterized. In this study, we have evaluated T, B, and antigen-presenting cell functions of malnourished mice fed a 4% protein diet compared with litter-mate controls fed a 20% protein diet. Spleen cells from malnourished mice presented both soluble foreign protein and allogeneic MHC antigens less efficiently than control mice. However, T cells from malnourished animals demonstrated effective or enhanced specific T-cell activation when stimulated with allogeneic cells, while B cells from protein-deprived animals responded normally in proliferative responses to T-cell driven cognate and non-cognate, as well as mitogen, stimulation. To assess further antigen-presenting cell function, three requirements for successful antigen presentation were evaluated. First, the proliferation of the IL-1-dependent cloned T-cell line D10 demonstrated a slight deficiency in IL-1 production by malnourished splenic antigen-presenting cells, and the addition of saturating amounts of IL-1 to the assay could partially reconstitute function. Second, quantitative cell-sorter analysis revealed minimal deficiencies of spleen-cell Ia expression. Third, antigen-processing function was assayed in vitro by using processed antigen fragments; no improvement in protein-deprived antigen-presenting function resulted. Together, these findings suggest that either decreased Ia glycoprotein expression on a critical subset of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) or a quantitative deficiency in such a subset of cells, or both, underlie the defective antigen-presenting cell function observed in chronic protein deprivation (CPD).
Duplex PCR-hybridization based detection of pathogenic Leptospira in environmental water samples obtained from endemic areas in northeast region of Thailand.

Field: Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)

Leptospirosis, a major health problem worldwide, is known to be endemic in the northeastern part of Thailand with the risk of infection by exposure to pathogenic Leptospira in contaminated aquatic environment. A method based on PCR-hybridization detection of pathogenic Leptospira in water was established. The method included filtration of water sample through membrane filters of two pore sizes, DNA extraction from filters using a guanidine thiocyanate extraction method, a duplex-PCR assay with two primer pairs, and hybridization with a synthetic LipL32 DNA probe. The duplex-PCR allowed detection of two products of 279 bp for LipL32 gene and 430 bp for 16S rRNA gene. In water samples artificially seeded with serovar bratislava, at least 10(3) cells could be analyzed by PCR-agarose gel electrophoresis and 1-10 cells by PCR-Southern blot hybridization. The protocol was applied to the detection of pathogenic Leptospira in environmental waters collected from endemic areas in the northeast region of Thailand. Of 100 water samples analyzed, 23 samples were positive for pathogenic Leptospira with PCR performed with Southern blot hybridization only, but none was detected by PCR-agarose gel-electrophoresis. However, PCR performed with the chemiluminescent LipL32 probe using the Fluorescein ULS labeling facilitated the detection of low numbers of pathogenic Leptospira in water. This method should prove useful for monitoring of pathogenic Leptospira pollution in environmental waters, and has the potential to become a valuable tool to the surveillance of leptospirosis in endemic areas, thus leading to enhanced public health protection.
Serial diffusion tensor imaging for early detection of radiation‐induced injuries to normal‐appearing white matter in high‐grade glioma patients

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Purpose To study the potential of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to serve as a biomarker for radiation‐induced brain injury during chemo‐radiotherapy (RT) treatment. Materials and Methods Serial DTI data were collected from 18 high‐grade glioma (HGG) patients undergoing RT and 7 healthy controls. Changes across time in mean, standard deviation (SD), skewness, and kurtosis of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (λ a ), and transversal diffusivity (λ t ) within the normal‐appearing white matter (NAWM) were modeled using a linear mixed‐effects model to assess dose dependent changes of five dose bins (0–60 Gy), and global changes compared with a control group. Results Mean MD, λ a and λ t were all significantly increasing in >41 Gy dose regions (0.14%, 0.10%, and 0.18% per week) compared with <12 Gy regions. SD λ t had significant dose dependent time evolution of 0.019*dose per week. Mean and SD MD, λ a and λ t in the global NAWM of the patient group significantly increased (mean; 0.06%, 0.03%, 0.09%, and SD; 0.57%, 0.34%, 0.51 per week) compared with the control group. The changes were significant at week 6 of, or immediately after RT. Conclusion DTI is not sensitive to acute global NAWM changes during the treatment of HGG, but sensitive to early posttreatment changes. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:414–423. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc .
To study the haematological parameters in culturable carps after exposure to lead acetate and nickel chloride

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Major environmental problems nowadays refer to heavy metals which are known to deteriorate the natural phenomenon of all the living beings of the ecosystem. The present study was carried out in two freshwater fishes, Catla catla and Labeo rohita exposed to Lead acetate and Nickel chloride to determine the lethal concentration (Lc50) for 96 hour. The 96h LC50 for both the species was computed as 14.35 mg/L (L. rohita) and 16.75 mg/L (C. catla). The same fishes were treated with sub-lethal concentrations for determining the hematological parameters. All the variations in parameters were dose dependent and were in parenthesis. The experiment was carried out for four weeks and observed that erythrocytes count, hemoglobin and the hematocrit value increased gradually with exposure time while the leukocytes count decreased. Serum protein and serum glucose were found to be affected significantly. Lead acetate seems to be more effective than the nickel chloride.
Effects of the update frequency of production plans on the logistical performance of production planning and control

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

The expansion of sensors located within the shop floor area drastically expands the amount of information being available for planning procedures. However, it is questionable on how far ever more current data, leading to higher production planning frequencies, are able to contribute to a higher logistical performance of production planning and control (PPC). For this purpose, we conducted a study to confront frequently described potentials of real-time abilities with adverse effects consequent to scheduling nervousness. The results of a curvilinear regression indicate that the risks of scheduling nervousness can outweigh potential benefits due to immediate schedule adjustments.
Inferring transcriptional bursting kinetics from single-cell snapshot data using a generalized telegraph model

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Gene expression has inherent stochasticity resulting from transcription's burst manners. Single-cell snapshot data can be exploited to rigorously infer transcriptional burst kinetics, using mathematical models as blueprints. The classical telegraph model (CTM) has been widely used to explain transcriptional bursting with Markovian assumptions. However, growing evidence suggests that the gene-state dwell times are generally non-exponential, as gene-state switching is a multi-step process in organisms. Therefore, interpretable non-Markovian mathematical models and efficient statistical inference methods are urgently required in investigating transcriptional burst kinetics. We develop an interpretable and tractable model, the generalized telegraph model (GTM), to characterize transcriptional bursting that allows arbitrary dwell-time distributions, rather than exponential distributions, to be incorporated into the ON and OFF switching process. Based on the GTM, we propose an inference method for transcriptional bursting kinetics using an approximate Bayesian computation framework. This method demonstrates an efficient and scalable estimation of burst frequency and burst size on synthetic data. Further, the application of inference to genome-wide data from mouse embryonic fibroblasts reveals that GTM would estimate lower burst frequency and higher burst size than those estimated by CTM. In conclusion, the GTM and the corresponding inference method are effective tools to infer dynamic transcriptional bursting from static single-cell snapshot data.
Transcontinental dispersal, common ancestry or convergent evolution? New phyllocoptines (Eriophyidae) from American and South African relict conifers

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

One new genus, three new species and two records of previously described phyllocoptines are reported from American and South African relict conifers. A new monotypic genus Costolobus n. gen. (Epitrimerus-like phyllocoptines with large ridged frontal lobe and bv I missing) is erected for the new species, Costolobus widdringtonis n. gen., n. sp., from South African endemic Widdringtonia wallichii Endl. ex Carrière (Cupressaceae). Two new species, Epitrimerus papillatus n. sp. and Glossilus calocedris n. sp., are described from Araucaria araucana (Araucariaceae) from Chile and Calocedrus decurrens (Cupressaceae) from USA. Two other phyllocoptine species, Calepitrimerus convergens (Keifer 1966) and Phyllocoptes libocedri (Keifer 1939), are recorded from relict North American cupressacean hosts Calocedrus decurrens and Sequoiadendron giganteum collected in California. The genus Glossilus Navia & Flechtmann 2000 is recorded from North America for the first time; a rediagnosis of this genus is provided. Morphological similarity of the Epitrimerus-like phyllocoptines from gymnosperms is briefly discussed. Contemporary distribution of morphologically similar phyllocoptines on relic conifers in geographically remote regions can be explained by 1) their possible common ancestry followed by transcontinental dispersal and coevolution with hosts or by 2) multiple host-shifts from dicots in different continents and convergent morphological evolution. Comparative studies of the whole complex of eriophyoids inhabiting conifers are necessary to reveal phylogenetic structure of this ecological group of mites. Considering that numerous independent host-shifts from dicots to conifers happened in the past in different clades of Eriophyidae s.l., the mites from conifers might be used as “islands” around which their relatives from angiosperms could be grouped using various phylogenetic tools. Such an approach may be useful for future phylogenetic studies of Eriophyoidea.
Reviving Kabul: Notes on the Restoration and Adaptation of the Great Serai

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The Great Serai is a historic property located in Murad Khane in the old town of Afghanistan's capital, Kabul. Dating back to the 1880s, the building was constructed using locally available materials and techniques. As one of the largest surviving properties of its kind in Kabul, the Great Serai is acknowledged as an important example of traditional vernacular Afghan architecture. From March 2007 to October 2010 Turquoise Mountain, a not-for-profit organization with a remit to preserve and protect Afghanistan's cultural heritage, restored and adapted the Great Serai for use as a calligraphy school and administration centre by the Institute of Afghan Arts and Architecture. From January 2009 to September 2010, I was employed to manage this work. Focusing on the practicalities of construction in post-conflict Afghanistan, these notes begin by outlining the historical, contractual and regulatory context within which the project was carried out. This article explores the trials entailed in working in an unsettled zone without an established legal framework, proper records or planning regulations and building codes. A description of the process and philosophy that guided the design and construction work then follows, exploring the intent to preserve the authentic character of the building while updating it for contemporary usage. The final section offers a critical overview of lessons learned before concluding with a personal reflection on the 'value' of the building, both as a heritage asset and looking forward, a place of study, learning and creativity.
Genre and Stylistic Originality of Kazakh Poetry of the First Half of the Twentieth Century

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The purpose of the article is to study the uniqueness of Kazakh poetry in the context of world poetry, considering the Kazakh people as a separate ethnic group with a certain mentality and traditions, taking into account the peculiarities of nomadic poetry and its further influence on the development of literature. The fundamental methods for the study of this problem are the method of analysis, within the framework of which there is a selection and study of individual parts of the phenomenon in order to identify the uniqueness of Kazakh poetry, as well as the method of comparison, with the help of which it is possible to identify and qualitatively assess the trends of Kazakh poetry of the first half of the twentieth century in comparison with other centuries. Literature is the science that absorbs external environmental factors and beautifully reflects them on paper, which will help to competently analyse and cope with life's difficulties and problems. The very study of the originality of the genre and style of Kazakh poetry is aimed at educating and raising the level of culture of students within the framework of the program for educational institutions, and in general has enlightening and educational functions.
Twelve Tips to implement Curriculum Changes in times of Economic Austerity

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Curriculum change is a recurring challenge facing most educational teams. Economic austerity has an impact on these processes in that clinical workloads increase and additional funds to drive curriculum change are lacking. We faced significant challenges having to implement substantial changes to the Year 3 and 4 undergraduate curricula in a large teaching hospital in the United Kingdom. The changes are now implemented successfully and we have taken the opportunity to identify factors that allowed us to drive change and achieve our aims. Much has been written about curriculum change as an academic challenge but comparatively little is known about how to drive such change on the ground and strategies to drive curriculum change during times of ongoing financial austerity are lacking. Here, we reflect on our experience and provide tips for educational teams on how to turn change into an opportunity, despite economic austerity and ever-increasing clinical workload.
CALLING COMMUNICATION IN MEADOW KATYDIDS (ORTHOPTERA, TETTIGONIIDAE): FEMALE PREFERENCES FOR SPECIES-SPECIFIC WINGSTROKE RATES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Summary During their search for a mate, female Conocephalus brevipennis (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) exhibit different phonotactic preferences. We presented females with calling song stimuli in no-choice playback experiments to determine the physical form of the sound signals they prefer to approach. Females were attracted by sustained noise, a signal lacking any speciesspecific amplitude modulation (AM) but possessing the ultrasonic carrier band typical of Conocephalus spp. This stimulus approximates the collective output of distant aggregations of calling males in which the species-specific AM features of the song are obscured by the grouped singing. When presented with close-range broadcasts, where detailed song features were not obscured (i.e. the call of a single male), female preference was always for conspecific calling song. We also studied female preference for various modifications of the major physical components of the buzz-tick-gap structure of C. brevipennis calling song to uncover parameters
Development and Evaluation of an Optical Sensor for Measuring Cognitive-Motor Function across Different Upper Limb Reaction Time Tasks

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The following study presents the development and evaluation of an optical sensor system to measure cognitive-motor function across different reaction time tasks involving the upper-limb movement. The unique feature of this work is the system can measure reaction time and concurrently track finger tapping to provide the quantifiable measure of fine motor performances across different upper-limb motor tasks. The preliminary configuration design conducted in this work was to test the impacts of the environmental conditions on the signals. It was found that the lighting and orientation conditions had no impact on the signal quality. The results obtained from the evaluation test in a healthy group ages ranging between 18-40 found that the optical sensor demonstrated an excellent correlation with VICON system in reaction time measure across four upper-limb tasks. The median difference between two systems across four reaction-time tasks was 48msec falling within the 95% confidence interval (-0.98, 0.171).
Coarse-Fine Convolutional Deep-Learning Strategy for Human Activity Recognition

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the last decade, deep learning techniques have further improved human activity recognition (HAR) performance on several benchmark datasets. This paper presents a novel framework to classify and analyze human activities. A new convolutional neural network (CNN) strategy is applied to a single user movement recognition using a smartphone. Three parallel CNNs are used for local feature extraction, and latter they are fused in the classification task stage. The whole CNN scheme is based on a feature fusion of a fine-CNN, a medium-CNN, and a coarse-CNN. A tri-axial accelerometer and a tri-axial gyroscope sensor embedded in a smartphone are used to record the acceleration and angle signals. Six human activities successfully classified are walking, walking-upstairs, walking-downstairs, sitting, standing and laying. Performance evaluation is presented for the proposed CNN.
Community-Acquired Respiratory Infections

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Twenty-two percent of the patients attending a primary health care center presented infection and of these two out of three cases had respiratory infection. Pharyngitis and common cold were the most frequent processes observed. Two thirds of the patients consulting for respiratory infection received antibiotic treatment, with 29.2% being diagnosed with infections considered to be of viral etiology. The empiric treatment chosen for the two thirds of the potentially bacterial infections was considered as adequate.
IDENTIFYING CANDIDATE DISEASE RESISTANCE GENES IN RICE BY SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY AND CHROMOSOMAL LOCATIONS

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Specific and degenerated oligonucleotide primes were designed according to the sequences of known plant disease resistance genes and the conserved region of protein kinases. The products of polymerase chain reaction amplified from rice genomic DNA using these primes were cloned. Twentysix of the clones were assigned to 34 loci on two rice molecular linkage maps. Chromosomal locations for 10 clones corresponded to 8 previous reported rice disease resistance genes. The property of some clones with chromosomal locations correspended to the known blast resistance genes was further confirmed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the genomic DNA of blast resistance isogenic lines. Some of the clones as the probes differentiated the resistance isogenic lines from the susceptible recurrent parents.