jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Assessment of bone defects in anterior shoulder instability.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Glenohumeral bone defects are a common finding in shoulder instability and they are strongly correlated with recurrence of dislocation and failure following arthroscopic Bankart repair. Most authors agree that open surgery should be considered in the presence of certain conditions: glenoid bone loss > 25%, a lesion involving > 30% of the humeral head, an engaging Hill-Sachs lesion, bipolar bone lesions even without engagement. A careful imaging evaluation must therefore be performed in order to identify, quantify and characterize the bone defects. Even though magnetic resonance has important additional value in the assessment of the glenoid labrum and rotator cuff, computed tomography scan is the examination of choice for studying bone defects. Several methods have been proposed to quantify the extent of the glenoid bone defect; the most accurate ones utilize two-dimensional computed tomography images with multiplanar reconstructions (PICO method) or more sophisticated three-dimensional reconstruction software. Conversely, the literature lacks studies that accurately quantify humeral bone defects and, above all, that demonstrate definitively the clinical and prognostic significance of the lesion location and size.
Colloid Cyst of the Fourth Ventricle: Diagnostic Problems and Pathogenic Considerations

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

ABSTRACT The authors report the case history of a patient with a colloid cyst of the 4th ventricle. The clinical history of slow intracranial hypertension, homogeneous hyperdensity with contrast enhancement on computed tomographic, scan, and the gelatinous aspect of the cyst at surgery are characteristic of colloid cysts. The diagnosis was made, however, only at the time of histological examination. A common neuroepithelial origin with 3rd ventricle cysts would be explained by similar embryological developments of the prosencephalic and the rhombencephalic roofs.
Chemometrical treatment of electronic structures of 28 flavonoid derivatives

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Electronic structures of 28 flavonoid derivatives were treated with the chemometrical methods, i.e., multiple linear regression, counterpropagation artificial neural networks, principal component analysis, and partial least-squares method. Electronic structures given as density-of-states spectra were constructed from calculated molecular orbital energies. It was shown that all the methods recognize some structural features from electronic structures. The relationship between electronic structures and biological activity was also studied. The reported results, i.e., the predicted activities, are comparable to the results obtained by models built up with standard descriptors, i.e., topological indices, geometric parameters, and electrostatic indices or “spectrum-like representations of three-dimensional structures.” For linear models the correlation coefficients obtained by a cross validation leave-one-out method are close to 0.9, and for artificial neural network models they are about 0.8. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 76: 733–743, 2000
Blood transfusion before radiation for malignancies

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Harvest index and straw weight of some experimental f1 rice hybrids

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

This article 'Harvest Index and Straw Weight of Some Experimental F1 Rice Hybrids' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
Operator estimates for the averaging of the Riemann-Hilbert problem for the Beltrami equation with a locally periodic coefficient

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Local characteristics of mathematical models of strongly inhomogeneous media are usually described by functions of the form $a(\varepsilon^{-1} x)$, $b(x,\varepsilon^{-1} x)$, $c(\varepsilon^{-1} x,\delta^{-1} x)$, $d(\varepsilon^{-1} x,\delta^{-1} x,\gamma^{-1} x)$, etc., where $\varepsilon$, $\delta$, $\gamma,\ldots>0$ --- small parameters, while functions $a$, $b$, $c$, $d$, $\ldots$ have an ordered structure (for example, they are periodic in variables $y=\varepsilon^{-1} x$, $z=\delta^{-1} x$, etc.). Consequently, the corresponding mathematical models are differential equations with rapidly oscillating coefficients. This work is devoted to estimates of the averaging error. We study the generalized Beltrami equation with a locally periodic coefficient $\mu(x,\varepsilon^{-1} x)$.
Understanding experiences of reproductive inability in various medical systems in Maputo and Gaza Provinces, Mozambique

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Summary In Southern Mozambique, as elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa,womens status and power is largely determined by their marital fertility. Sincereproductive health is commonly assumed to be a women´s issue and the malefactor is often ignored, this assumption has been instrumentally used tocontrol women and reproductive process. Although in the last thirty years thestudy of human reproduction has been increasing infertility in developingcountries is not yet sufficiently visible in the research agenda. Thepsycho-social aspects surrounding the experience of reproductive inability donot receive sufficient importance to match the social consequences, particularlyin the developing world. Very little is known about the impact of fertilityproblems on community life in low-income contexts such as Mozambique, wherepatriarchal ideologies and norms can make life hard for women who are not ableto procreate.Based on participant observation, in-depth interviews, groupdiscussions, follow-up of cases, as well as illness narratives of womensuffering from the inability to bring forth offspring, thisresearch considers the interaction among medicine systems, gender policies, aspects of social hierarchy, economicinequalities, as well as individual choices and behaviours to achieve reproductive aspirations in Maputo,Magude and Xai-Xai in southern Mozambique. Women, when afflicted by a physicaldiscomfort or social problem, consider the traditional medical practitioners(TMPs) as their first option and the same applies to treat reproductiveinability. A relevant issue in the study is the relationship betweenthe formal health services provided by the state and the health care providedby TMPs, the linkage between the different knowledge systems in an area ofcomplexities, contrasts and complementarities. The challenges are therefore toovercome the contradictions around the cultural practices, to recognize thedifferent medical paradigms and to deal with difficulties in the adoption ofdifferent medical systems approach to treatment. This study may contribute tounderstand reproductive inability as such and the challenges it brings to the different health systems women seek fortreatment, to promote the dialogue among them to improveeffectiveness, thus providing insights to an agenda aiming at integrativeand culturally sensitive research on infertility. Normal 0 21 false false false NL-BE X-NONE X-NONE
Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cholesterol ester storage disease (CESD) is infrequent in children. Four new cases in two nonrelated families are presented. Acid lipase deficiency in the leukocytes of the patients and reduced activity (50%) in those of parents were demonstrated. Clinical manifestations varied from neonatal cholestasis to asymptomatic hepatomegaly. Hepatic histology showed lipid vacuoles and cholesterol ester storage in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. Increased levels of cholesterol and hepatomegaly were the first findings. There is as yet no specific treatment for CESD; however, the early detection of cases would make possible the timely control of complications.
Slope stability analysis using finite element method

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Traditionally, geotechnical engineers often use limit equilibrium method to find out the factor of safety for slope stability problems. As the technology advance, finite element analysis has become popular among geotechnical engineers. It is applicable for many complex conditions that are not possible with the limit equilibrium method. This project explores the use of the finite element method to determine the factor of safety and also to examine how factor of safety varies in different case studies with different soil profile as well as the pile effect and the pile location. The PLAXIS finite element software was used to carry out analysis of slope stability in soil. There are 5 cases for the homogenous slopes and 3 cases for the multi-layered soils to be compared. For the simple homogenous slopes, it is found that the results from limit equilibrium method and finite element method are generally in good agreement for = 45°. As for the multi- layered soils, the factor of safety is more stable when there is a constant friction angle with variations in the cohesion. Flexible steel pile produces higher factor of safety as compared to concrete pile and the factor of safety increase as the distance from the toe of the slope increase. There are advantages and disadvantages for the finite element method and the limit equilibrium method. Good engineering practice is still needed when perform slope stability analysis.
Hedonic Binging in Indulgent Travel Consumption

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

The current study conceptualises hedonic binging and examines its impact on tourists’ desire and intention to engage in indulgent travel consumption. Across a pilot and two main studies (N=708), an online survey was self-administered to respondents who had patronised a luxury hotel/resort while on vacation. Theoretically, the proposed decision-making framework gives researchers more insight into hedonic binging in the tourism context. Managerially, the proposed impulsive-compulsive continuum helps practitioners to identify and address indulgence-seeking tourist segments.
ZISWaF Institutional Approach to Activate Idle Agricultural Land as a Catalyst for the Agro-Food Sector in Malaysia

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

In various efforts to strengthen the agro-food sector, development on idle land is one of the keys to achieving it. Neglect of idle land is a waste that needs to be well managed to mobilize all resources properly and produce crop yields to the maximum level. Therefore, this paper will discuss the factors that lead to the occurrence of idle land and finds a solution from a Malaysian perspective. Referring to this problem, it is seen, through the institutional approach, that it is capable of being one of the best alternatives because institutions are a set of rules that affect human economic life. Through an institutional approach, it can apply the ZISWaf management recommended by previous Islamic scholars divided into four schemes to activate idle agricultural land with proper coordination. This paper is using qualitative methods based on data and information from the literature review and then it is analysed based on a deductive approach. As a result, the ZISWaf institutional approach can realize the concept of implementing the agro-food Waqf institution to solve the issue of idle land.
Policy considerations for the control of alcoholic beverage advertising

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The purposes of this study were: to explore current proposals to ban or limit alcoholic beverage advertising; to examine the method by which the Supreme Court is treating commercial speech cases; to focus on two cases, one in which a state banned local advertising of liquor and wine, a ban that was tacitly approved by the Supreme Court, and another in which the Supreme Court indicated that states have expansive power in the regulation of advertising of products such as alcohol; and to assess policy implications of regulatory concerns. This discussion concludes that ultimately the alcohol advertising issue is likely to be addressed on a state‐by‐state basis and then litigated in the courts.
Relationship between Stress Level and Risk of Eating Disorder in Undergraduate Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of undergraduate students' stress before COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia was 36.7-71.6%, where undergraduate students' age was classified as the age group for the onset of eating disorders. During the COVID-19 pandemic, students must continue their studies. However, modifications of daily routines in pandemic have a negative effect on mental health, increase negative stress (distress), and it could increase the incidence of eating disorders symptoms. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between stress level in undergraduate student and the risk of eating disorder they might have during the COVID-19 Pandemic. METHOD: This study used cross sectional study design and conducted on June 2021. The subjects were 110 active students who studied in Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University who was chosen using consecutive sampling technique. The Perceived Stress Scale-10 questionnaire was used to measure the students’ stress level for the past month and the Eating Attitude Test-26 questionnaire was used to determine the students' risk of having an eating disoder. Both questionnaires were selected because it has been proven as reliable questionnaires with high sensitivity and specificity (Cronbach's alpha >0.7). RESULT: The result showed that out of 110 students who have been subjects of this study, 25,5% of respondents experienced low stress, 68,2% of respondents experienced moderate stress, and 6,4% of respondents experienced high stress. It also showed that 4,5% of respondents have the risk of having an eating disorder. CONCLUSION: There is a significant correlation (p=0,005) between the stress level and risk of eating disorder with very weak positive relationship direction (r=0,097).
A new method of hierarchical time series prediction based on adjustable error

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In the area of big data, hierarchical time series prediction (HTSP) has attracted extensive attention. For the traditional HTSPs, the uncertainty of model selection cannot be alleviated due to the shortcomings of data information loss. This article proposes a new HTSP method based on the adjustable error to deal with the above issue. Detailly speaking, in the essential prediction stage, the adjustable prediction error, including all data information, is introduced to improve the current prediction. By comparison of four cases of optimal single prediction, optimal combined prediction, optimal single prediction under the new method, and optimal combined prediction under the new method, the two assertions are obtained: (1) the prediction accuracy of this new method is significantly improved compared with the widely used methods such as bottom-up, generalized least squares; (2) the uncertainty of model selection is greatly reduced. The method’s validity is verified by the examples of American clothing retail and the Germany national electricity consumption.
What is the Optimal Evaluation Time of the QT Dispersion After Acute Myocardial Infarction for the Risk Stratification?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The sequential changes of the corrected QT dispersion (QTcD) were studied in 136 patients 1 day to 30 days after a transmural acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to investigate the optimal measurement time of QT dispersion for risk stratification. The study group included 136 patients (89 men; mean age, 57 ±10 years) with transmural AMI who were treated with throm bolytics (Tr+ group, n = 73) or not (Tr- group, n = 63) and 65 healthy controls (43 men; mean age, 56 ±7 years). Fourteen patients in whom ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrilla tion (VF), or sudden cardiac death developed during the 30-day period were also evaluated as major cardiac arrhythmia (MCA) group. ECGs were obtained for each patient on days 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 30 after AMI. QTc dispersion in patients with AMI (for every period of QTcD after MI) was significantly more prolonged than in normal controls (49.3 ± 16.3 ms) (p < 0.001). QTcD was significantly greater in patients without thrombolytics than in patients with thrombolytics for every period (days 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 30) of QTcD after MI (p < 0.001). The mean of QTcD was significantly greater in patients with MCA than in patients without MCA group for every period (days 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 30) of QTcD after MI (p < 0.05). Maximal QTcD was seen on day 10 (p < 0.05 1st vs day 10 for each group) after myocardial infarction, and then reached a plateau for an each group. The ideal time to measure the QTD for risk stratification is at least 10 days after AMI.
GAL‐021, a novel respiratory stimulant, attenuates opioid–induced respiratory depression without compromising analgesia

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Opioid‐induced respiratory depression (OIRD) is a common side effect of opioid analgesics and can be life‐threatening, especially during the perioperative period and sleep. Current therapy for OIRD includes administering opioid antagonists and/or decreasing subsequent opioid doses, both of which can compromise analgesia. Here, we describe a novel respiratory stimulant, GAL‐021, that increases minute ventilation (Vmin) and reverses OIRD without diminishing analgesia. GAL‐021 administered as an IV bolus (0.01 – 3 mg/kg) to anesthetized rats or by infusion (0.01 – 0.4 mg/kg/min × 60‐min) to conscious rats increased Vmin, tidal volume (VT), and respiratory frequency ( f ). In anesthetized rats, the ED50 for increasing Vmin was 140 μg/kg. In conscious rats, OIRD was induced with morphine (10 mg/kg, IV), which increased PaCO 2 and decreased Vmin, VT, f , pH, and PaO 2 for up to 2 hours. Subsequent infusion of GAL‐021 (0.03 – 0.4 mg/kg/min, IV) resulted in dose‐dependent diminution of the evoked respiratory depression for the duration of the infusion (20 min). The increase in Vmin induced by GAL‐021 was due to an increase in VT but not f . Termination of GAL‐021 infusion restored OIRD. In contrast, GAL‐021 did not diminish morphine‐induced analgesia assessed by the tail‐flick assay. These data demonstrate that GAL‐021 stimulates breathing in conscious and anesthetized rats and reverses OIRD without attenuating analgesia.
Adaptive robust boundary control of coupled bending‐torsional vibration of beams with only one axis of symmetry

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Summary In control design for vibration of beams in literature, the beam section is considered to have two axes of symmetry so that the bending and torsional vibrations are uncoupled; thus, the bending vibration is controlled independently without twisting the beam. However, if the cross section of a beam has only one axis of symmetry, the bending and torsional vibrations become coupled and the beam will undergo twisting in addition to bending. This paper addresses Lyapunov‐based boundary control of coupled bending‐torsional vibration of beams with only one axis of symmetry. The control strategy is based on applying a transverse force and a torque at the free end of the beam. The control design is directly based on the system partial differential equations (PDEs) so that spillover instabilities that are a result of model truncation are avoided. Three cases are investigated. Firstly, it is shown that when exogenous disturbances do not affect the beam, a linear boundary control law can exponentially stabilize the coupled bending‐torsional vibration. Secondly, a nonlinear robust boundary control is established that exponentially stabilizes the beam in the presence of boundary and spatially distributed disturbances. Thirdly, to rule out the need for prior knowledge of disturbances upper‐bound, the proposed robust control is redesigned to achieve an adaptive robust control that stabilizes the beam in the presence of disturbances with unknown upper‐bound. The efficacy of the proposed controls is illustrated by simulation results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of an Integrated Health Information System (HIS) in a Public Hospital in Cyprus: A Pilot Study

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Health information systems can improve the quality of services in healthcare. Evaluation of health information systems in hospitals is a very complex process, and it is more effective when different aspects are considered. The present work aims to develop an evaluation framework of an integrated HIS in order to improve the quality of healthcare services provided in Cyprus. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used, that measured three aspects of the system: technology, human factor and organization. Preliminary results showed that while participants seem to agree with the potential benefits of the integrated HIS, safety of data within the HIS is seen as a problem. Qualitatively, the study pointed to 3 factors that might improve the current integrated HIS: increasing interdisciplinary cooperation, training of staff, and upgrading the infrastructure. Further studies will provide a comprehensive picture for Cyprus, so that appropriate measures can be proposed and put in action.