jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Migration and psychosis: the link between them

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Introduction Migrations are a source of stress for patients, which can have repercussions on their Mental Health. We present the case of a native Senegalese patient who presented a first psychotic episode. Objectives Presentation of a clinical case of an immigrant patient with a psychotic disorder. Methods Bibliographic review on migration and psychosis by searching for articles in Pubmed. Results We present the case of a patient of 20 years, a native of Senegal, who has been living in Spain for 3 months in a shelter home. He has no family or relations in Spain, and only speaks Wolof, presenting serious difficulties in communication with healthcare workers. He came to Hospital with his social worker because strange behaviors had been observed. He presented delusional ideation of self-referential and mystical-religious content, related to “the prophet” and “the need to fulfill a mission”. He also presented auditory hallucinations that he identified as of divine origin, and ordered him to perform behaviors such as picking hairs from the ground and various rituals. He acknowledges cannabis and alcohol use in the previous days. Paliperidone treatment was started. Throughout the admission, he begins to show concern for the state of his relatives in Senegal and the need to send them money. Conclusions Multiple studies indicate that migrants are at higher risk of psychosis, specially those from countries where the majority of population was black, according to some series. The challenge lies in understanding the mechanisms underlying this increased incidence, taking into account psychosocial factors such as social isolation and trauma. Disclosure No significant relationships.
Simulating Incident Management Team Response and Performance

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

Recent research has shown the power of large-scale regional traffic simulations—such as MATSim—to model the systemic impacts and costs of capacity-reducing incidents. At the same time, observational studies have illustrated the potential for traffic Incident Management Teams (IMTs) to reduce these impacts and costs on a local scale; mathematical optimization models have also attempted to scale or locate these programs. In this research, we connect these two separate lines of scholarly inquiry by simulating the dynamic response of an IMT fleet to incidents arising on a metropolitan highway network. We introduce a MATSim module that handles stochastically-generated incidents of varying severity, dispatches IMT to clear the incidents based on path distance and availability, and measures excess user costs based on the incidents. We apply this module in a scenario with data from the Salt Lake City, Utah metropolitan region. We demonstrate the potential use of the module through an illustrative experiment increasing the IMT fleet size with a collection of simulated incident days.
Adventitial cystic disease of the radial artery

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Adventitial cystic disease (ACD) of the radial artery is a rare condition, with few cases described in the literature. We report the case of a 62-year-old white male with a history of diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease with indications for renal replacement therapy who was found to have a cystic lesion of the radial artery while undergoing surgical creation of an arteriovenous fistula. The surgical technique adopted was resection of the cystic segment and preservation of the radial artery. Fistula creation was completed successfully. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of ACD are effective, and can prevent complications and recurrence.
Role of Intraoperative Cholangiography in Patients Whose Biliary Tree Was Evaluated Preoperatively by Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Background Routine performance of intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) during cholecystectomy is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of IOC during cholecystectomy in addition to preoperative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in our institution over a 12‐year period. Methods A total of 425 consecutive patients who underwent IOC during cholecystectomy were included in this study. MRCP was performed preoperatively for bile duct evaluation in all patients. When common bile duct (CBD) stones were detected, they were removed endoscopically before the operation. We estimated the results of IOC in terms of the success rate, the detection rate of anatomic abnormality of the biliary system, and the incidence of residual CBD stones. Results MRCP preoperatively identified 6 (1.4 %) patients with abnormal biliary systems and 56 with CBD stones, which were endoscopically removed. The success rate of IOC was 93.8 % (399/425). Abnormalities of the biliary system were detected in 12 patients (12/399, 3.0 %) and CBD stones in 8 (8/399, 2.0 %). Of the eight patients with stones, seven had been examined by endoscopy preoperatively and found to have CBD stones. The detection rate of bile duct stones in patients with preoperative endoscopic removal of CBD stones (7/56, 12.5 %) was significantly higher than those with CBD stones first detected during IOC (1/365, 0.3 %) ( p < 0.01). Moreover, no residual CBD stones were detected in patients who were operated on within fewer than 12 days from endoscopic treatment to the operation. Conclusions IOC is indicated even after preoperative sphincterotomy for CBD stones. In our study, it resulted in a 12.5 % incidence of persistent stones after sphincterotomy. IOC plays an additional role in detecting CBD stones and in revealing abnormalities of the biliary tree in patients whose biliary tree was preoperatively evaluated by MRCP.
Automatic Segmentation of Non-Tumor Tissues in Glioma MR Brain Images Using Deformable Registration with Partial Convolutional Networks

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

In brain tumor diagnosis and surgical planning, segmentation of tumor regions and accurate analysis of surrounding normal tissues are necessary for physicians. Pathological variability often renders difficulty to register a well-labeled normal atlas to such images and to automatic segment/label surrounding normal brain tissues. In this paper, we propose a new registration approach that first segments brain tumor using a U-Net and then simulates missed normal tissues within the tumor region using a partial convolutional network. Then, a standard normal brain atlas image is registered onto such tumor-removed images in order to segment/label the normal brain tissues. In this way, our new approach greatly reduces the effects of pathological variability in deformable registration and segments the normal tissues surrounding brain tumor well. In experiments, we used MICCAI BraTS2018 T1 tumor images to evaluate the proposed algorithm. By comparing direct registration with the proposed algorithm, the results showed that the Dice coefficient for gray matters was significantly improved for surrounding normal brain tissues.
Study on mechanisms of inducing apoptosis with aqueous extract of Taxus chinensis and paclitaxel inhibitory effect in human lung carcinoma A549 cells

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Objective: To preliminary study the inhibitory mechanisms of aqueous extract of Taxus chinensis and differences with paclitaxel in vitro cultured human lung carcinoma A549 cells.Methods: Effects on cell apoptosis was inspected by flow cytometry;morphology of the A549 cell was observed by ordinary optical microscope;expression of apoptosis-related proteins P-jnk was detected by Western blotting.Results: ①Optical microscope and FCM found typical manifestations of early stage tumor cell apoptosis in aqueous extract of Taxus chinensis arm(P0.05,P0.01),meanwhile,the tumor cells showed manoifestations by necrosis and later stage apoptosis in paclitaxel arm(P0.05,P0.01).And a dose-effect curve were showed in all arms.②The results detected by Western blotting showed that P38 protein expression was unchanged,and P-jnk protein expression was decreased with the increase of drug concentration in aqueous extract of Taxus chinensis arms(P0.01).Conclusion: The aqueous extract of Taxus chinensis has different anti-tumor mechanisms with paclitaxel,and these possibly related to inducing apoptosis of human lung carcinoma A549 cells.
NTPase/helicase of Flaviviridae: inhibitors and inhibition of the enzyme.

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

RNA nucleoside triphosphatases (NTPase)/helicases represent a large family of proteins that are ubiquitously distributed over a wide range of organisms. The enzymes play essential role in cell development and differentiation, and some of them are involved in transcription and replication of viral single-stranded RNA genomes. The enzymatic activities of a NTPase/helicase were also detected in the carboxyl-terminal non-structural protein 3 (NS3) of members of the Flaviviridae family. The crucial role of the enzyme for the virus life cycle was demonstrated in knock out experiments and by using NTPase/helicase specific inhibitors. This makes the enzyme an attractive target for development of Flaviviridae-specific antiviral therapies. This review will summarize our knowledge about the function and structure of the enzyme, update the spectrum of inhibitors of the enzymatic activities of the NTPase/helicase and describe the different mechanisms by which the compounds act. Some of the compounds reviewed herein could show potential utility as antiviral agents against Flaviviridae viruses.
Analisis Fenomena Budaya Konsumerisme Fastfood Bagi Kalangan Generasi Z

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Consumerism culture is generally defined as a mindset and lifestyle that emphasizes the consumption of goods and services as the main way to achieve satisfaction, identity, and social status. The phenomenon of consumption culture encompasses various aspects that reflect how the consumption of goods and services affects the lives of individuals and society as a whole. In this study, analyze and explore the factors of consumerism that drive the popularity of fast food among Generation Z, such as ease of access, social media influence, digital marketing strategies. The results showed that Generation Z considers fast food as a practical and economical option, and is influenced by trends or promoted virally by influencers and advertisements on digital platforms. So the results show that Generation Z tends to have consumption patterns that are driven by the need for identity and self-expression, and influenced by social media trends and influencers. This research uses qualitative methods with a phenomological approach. Which data collection techniques taken by this study by observation, interviews, and documentation.
Pregnancy Suppression by Active Immunization Against Gestation-Specific Riboflavin Carrier Protein

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

A riboflavin carrier protein isolated from chickens cross-reacts with a gestation-specific rodent carrier for riboflavin. Active immunization of female rats of proved fertility with the purified chicken carrier protein completely yet reversibly suppressed early pregnancy without impairing implantation per se. Concurrently there were no discernible adverse effects on maternal health in terms of weight gain, vitamin status, and fertility.
Deep Brain Recordings in Parkinson's Disease: Processing, Analysis and Fusion with Anatomical Models

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

This thesis presents several novel techniques and tools for automatic classi cation and analysis \nof highly detailed invasive recordings of the brain activity in patients with Parkinson's disease \n(PD). By utilizing machine learning concepts, we approach three of the principal questions, \ncentral to modern treatment and understanding of the PD: \ni) What information about patient's state can be derived from recorded brain activity? \nBy identifying patterns characteristic for tremor onset in signals recorded through deep brain \nstimulation electrodes, we show that an adaptive system, modifying treatment parameters to \nmatch current state of its bearer, is feasible. \nii) How to obtain trustworthy answers to scienti c questions from noisy microelectrode \nactivity recordings? We show that undesirable noise is highly prevalent in intraoperative microelectrode \nrecordings and provide the sigInspect: a GUI tool for annotation of microelectrode \nsignals. The tool includes a set of well-performing classi ers for automatic artifact identi cation, \nvalidated on an extensive multi-center database of manually labeled data. \niii) Where exactly in the target nucleus were the signals recorded? This question is vital \nfor appropriate stimulation electrode placement as well as for better understanding of possible \nside e ects. We propose a novel probabilistic model for tting a 3D anatomical atlas of the \nsubthalamic nucleus based solely on the recorded electrophysiological activity and show that \nsuch approach may lead to more accurate localization of recording sites during and after the \nsurgery.
[Asthma in children].

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Asthma is the most common chronic condition in paediatrics. Nowadays the prevalence is of multi-factorial origin. Clinical symptoms in children are often deceptive (isolated cough, winter bronchitis, caused by effort) often to the point of delaying diagnosis. This depends on a network of clinical arguments established by indispensable complementary investigations (thoracic plate and exploration of respiratory function). Search for atopy is systematic whatever the age of the child. Therapeutic care includes educative programmes for both children and their parents. Basal treatment is necessary when the asthma is persistent. Recourse must be made to drugs of which the type and dosage vary according to the state of development. Inhaled corticosteroid is often indicated for a prolonged period. Indications for specific desensitization are now well codified. The concern cases where the allergy has a significant impact on the development of the asthma. Individualised reception plans give a better integration of asthmatic children into school.
Loop unroll optimization for GPU implementation

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This report presents the process of implementation and optimization of two image resize algorithms namely, Bilinear and Bicubic Interpolation. The purpose of the optimization seeks to improve execution time and is primarily done with the use of Nvidia’s Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA). Both Algorithms are implemented in C++ before subsequent CUDA codes are added. The challenge in the project is to pick up CUDA programming and also the requirement of understanding the math involved before converting into algorithms. It was evident how the integration of CUDA, by substituting the use of loops in computations with threads running in parallel demonstrated a significant speed up in execution time. There is still room for code refactoring, better CUDA implementation and use of more powerful of Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) that will see improvements to both design and greater optimization of the developed application. In conclusion, the project has shown that under certain conditions, the leveraging the power of by the use of CUDA is a viable optimization tool in Graphics Processing Algorithms such as the ones mentioned above.
Marrow Stromal Cells Transplanted to the Adult Brain Are Rejected by an Inflammatory Response and Transfer Donor Labels to Host Neurons and Glia

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

Abstract The remarkable plasticity of marrow stromal cells (MSCs) after transplantation to models of neurological disease and injury has been described. In this report, we investigated the plasticity and long-term survival of MSCs transplanted into the normal brain. MSCs were isolated from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic rats and double-labeled with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and bis benzamide (BBZ) prior to transplantation into the adult hippocampus or striatum. Surgery elicited an immediate inflammatory response. MSC grafts were massively infiltrated by ED1-positive microglia/macrophages and surrounded by a marked astrogliosis. By 14 days, graft volume had retracted and GFP immunoreactivity was absent, indicating complete donor rejection. Consequently, MSCs did not exhibit plasticity formerly identified in other studies. However, BrdU- and BBZ-labeled cells were detected up to 12 weeks. Control transplants of nonviable MSCs demonstrated the transfer of donor labels to host cells. Unexpectedly, BrdU labeling was colocalized to host phagocytes, astrocytes, and neurons in both regions. Our results indicate that MSCs transplanted to the intact adult brain are rejected by an inflammatory response. Moreover, use of the traditional cell labels BrdU and BBZ may provide a misleading index of donor survival and differentiation after transplantation.
The state-of-the-art of the integration platforms as a service research

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

As the world is digitalizing in the fast pace, there is a need for more reliable and scalable integration management. One popular option for modern integration management has been Integration Platforms as a Service (iPaaS). iPaaS is usually implemented to replace the old integration implementation models such as the point-to-point integrations or enterprise service buss. In this research, we are focusing on the state of the iPaaS themed research in the academic field. We also investigate what kind of different viewpoints or research gaps there are in the iPaaS research and how the term iPaaS has evolved and become more clearer during the years. In the results of our systematic literature review (n=14), we reveal that the majority of the iPaaS research has been focused on technological approach. However, now there are signs that iPaaS researchers are beginning to emphasize business-intensive approach, such as the importance of integration strategy or the selection of the right iPaaS platform to serve the enterprises business needs. This study calls for the further work in the area of integration management research. CCS CONCEPTS • Information systems → Enterprise applications; Enterprise information systems.
Analysis of Data from a Controlled Repeated Measurements Design with Baseline-Dependent Dropouts

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

Abstract. Differences in mean rates of change are of primary interest in many controlled treatment evaluation studies. Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) procedures are widely conceived to be the preferred method of analysis for repeated measurement designs when there are missing data due to dropouts, but systematic dependence of the dropout probabilities on antecedent or concurrent factors poses a problem for testing the significance of differences in mean rates of change across time in such designs. Controlling for the dependence of dropout probabilities on baseline values poses a special problem because a theoretically correct GLMM random-effects model does not permit including the same baseline score as both covariate and dependent variable. Monte Carlo methods are used herein to evaluate the actual Type 1 error rates and power resulting from two commonly-illustrated GLMM random-effects model formulations for testing the GROUPS × TIMES linear interaction effect in group-randomized repeated measurements designs. The two GLMM model formulations differ by either including or not including baseline scores as a covariate in the attempt to control for imbalance caused by the baseline-dependent dropouts. Results from those analyses are compared with results from a simpler two-stage analysis in which dropout-weighted slope coefficients fitted separately to the available repeated measurements for each subject serve as the dependent variable for an ordinary ANCOVA test for difference in mean rates of change. The Monte Carlo results confirm modestly superior Type 1 error protection but quite superior power for the simpler two-stage analysis of dropout-weighted slope coefficients as compared with those for either of the more mathematically complex GLMM analyses.
Recent Progress in WS2-Based Nanomaterials Employed for Photocatalytic Water Treatment

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

Water pollution is one of the most serious environmental issues globally due to its harmful consequences on the ecosystem and public health. Various technologies have been developed for water treatment such as photocatalysis, which has recently drawn scientists’ attention. Photocatalytic techniques using semiconductors have shown an efficient removal of various water contaminants during water treatment as well as cost effectivity and low energy consumption. Tungsten disulfide (WS2) is among the promising Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) photocatalysts, as it has an exceptional nanostructure and special properties including high surface area and high carrier mobility. It is usually synthesized via hydrothermal technique, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) to obtain a wide variety of nanostructures such as nanosheets and nanorods. Most common examples of water pollutants that can be removed efficiently by WS2-based nanomaterials through semiconductor photocatalytic techniques are organic contaminants, pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, and infectious microorganisms. This review summarizes the most recent work on employing WS2-based nanomaterials for different photocatalytic water treatment processes.
Table S2 Data Brewer Cook Bird from Alexithymia: a general deficit of interoception

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Alexithymia is a sub-clinical construct, traditionally characterized by difficulties identifying and describing one's own emotions. Despite the clear need for interoception (interpreting physical signals from the body) when identifying one's own emotions, little research has focused on the selectivity of this impairment. While it was originally assumed that the interoceptive deficit in alexithymia is specific to emotion, recent evidence suggests that alexithymia may also be associated with difficulties perceiving some non-affective interoceptive signals, such as one's heart rate. It is therefore possible that the impairment experienced by those with alexithymia is common to all aspects of interoception, such as interpreting signals of hunger, arousal, proprioception, tiredness and temperature. In order to determine whether alexithymia is associated with selectively impaired affective interoception, or general interoceptive impairment, we investigated the association between alexithymia and self-reported non-affective interoceptive ability, and the extent to which individuals perceive similarity between affective and non-affective states (both measured using questionnaires developed for the purpose of the current study), in both typical individuals (n = 105 (89 female), mean age = 27.5 years) and individuals reporting a diagnosis of a psychiatric condition (n = 103 (83 female), mean age = 31.3 years). Findings indicated that alexithymia was associated with poor non-affective interoception and increased perceived similarity between affective and non-affective states, in both the typical and clinical populations. We therefore suggest that rather than being specifically associated with affective impairment, alexithymia is better characterized by a general failure of interoception.