jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Signaling Pathway of Taurine-Induced Upregulation of TXNIP

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Taurine, a sulfur-containing β-amino acid, is present at high concentrations in mammalian tissues and plays an important role in several essential biological processes. However, the genetic mechanisms involved in these physiological processes associated with taurine remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanism underlying the taurine-induced transcriptional enhancement of the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). The results showed that taurine significantly increased the luciferase activity of the human TXNIP promoter. Further, deletion analysis of the TXNIP promoter showed that taurine induced luciferase activity only in the TXNIP promoter region (+200 to +218). Furthermore, by employing a bioinformatic analysis using the TRANSFAC database, we focused on Tst-1 and Ets-1 as candidates involved in taurine-induced transcription and found that the mutation in the Ets-1 sequence did not enhance transcriptional activity by taurine. Additionally, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated that the binding of Ets-1 to the TXNIP promoter region was enhanced by taurine. Taurine also increased the levels of phosphorylated Ets-1, indicating activation of Ets-1 pathway by taurine. Moreover, an ERK cascade inhibitor significantly suppressed the taurine-induced increase in TXNIP mRNA levels and transcriptional enhancement of TXNIP. These results suggest that taurine enhances TXNIP expression by activating transcription factor Ets-1 via the ERK cascade.
Role of Grain Size in the Strength and R‐Curve Properties of Alumina

Field: Materials Science (Physical Sciences)

An investigation of the interrelationships between strength, crack‐resistance ( R ‐curve) characteristics, and grain size for alumina ceramics has been carried out. Results of identation‐strength measurements on high‐density aluminas with uniform grain structures in the size range 2 to 80 μm are presented. A theoretical fit to the data, obtained by adjusting parameters of a constitutive frictional‐pullout relation in a grain‐bridging model, allows determination of the critical microstructural parameters controlling the R ‐curve behavior of these aluminas. The primary role of grain size in the toughness characteristic is to determine the scale of grain pullout at the bridged interface. It is shown that the strength properties are a complex function of the bridged microstructure, governed at all but the finest grain sizes by the stabilizing effect of the R ‐curve. The analysis confirms the usual negative dependence of strength on grain size for natural flaws that are small relative to the grain size, but the dependence does not conform exactly to the −1/2 power predicted on the basis of classical “Griffith‐Orowan” flaws. The analysis provides a self‐consistent account of the well‐documented transition from “Orowan” to “Petch” behavior.
Figure S5 from CD46-Targeted Theranostics for PET and <sup>225</sup>Ac-Radiopharmaceutical Therapy of Multiple Myeloma

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

<p>Figure S5: Targeted radioligand therapy with [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-YS5 demonstrates high treatment efficacy in the MM.1S subcutaneous MM model.</p>
Determination of the optical constants of substrates by angle-of-incidence derivative ellipsometry in the presence of unknown surface overlayers

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

Regions of precise measurement of surface complex optical dielectric constants are found in the presence of unknown optically thin overlayers by computer simulation of angle-of-incidence derivative ellipsometry experiments. The immersion method is considered as a tool for expanding the regions of satisfactory accuracy. The values of errors in the determination of substrate optical constants in the intervals −10 < ∊1 < 10 and 0 < ∊2 < 20 are shown.
Comparing Anti Aging Potential Between Centella asiatica and Acalypha indica: Focus on Forelimb Muscle Strength

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Decreasing muscle strength is one of the age-related declined. We evaluated the forelimb muscle strength of old rats treated with Centella asiatica (CA) and Acalypha indica (AI), both are known for anti inflammation, which made them potentials as anti aging. Sprague-Dawley rats (18 months old) were divided into the following groups: (1) receiving only solvent, (2) AI extract 250 mg/kgBW, (3) CA extract 300 mg/kgBW, and young group (3 months old) as control. Body weights were measured before and after treatment while the forelimb muscle strength was measured using handgrip test and muscles weight at the end of the study (one month). The time rats were able to hold on their grip was determined in seconds. All data were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD post hoc analysis. The solvent group achieved the shortest time in handgrip test, followed by AI and CA. The young group has the longest time as expected. The time last for the young (30,13 ± 5.98) and CA (29.47 ± 9.61) group were not statistically different (p = 0.873) while the young were significantly longer than AI (p = 0.038) and the old (p = 0.001). The old rats unsurprisingly loss their body weight but the CA group showed the least while the young still gained their weight. Meanwhile there were no muscle weight differences between groups. Centella asiatica may have anti aging activity by showing similar forelimb muscle strength in aged rats as the young, possibly due to its inhibition in age related body weight loss.
PC‐Based User Continuous Authentication in the Artificial Intelligence Method and System Using the User's Finger Stroke Characteristics

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

ABSTRACT Biometric technology, which performs continuous authentication based on user behaviour, has been developed in various ways depending on the type of device, input device, and sensor. Research on continuous authentication technology in PC‐based systems with few sensors installed is based on data from physical devices that extract and analyse features from keyboard and mouse input patterns. Among these, previous studies on continuous authentication through keyboard input performed continuous authentication using the key hold delay time that occurs when one key is pressed, the key interval delay time that occurs due to the interaction between fingers, and the key press delay time. However, the keyboard‐based continuous authentication model has limitations in increasing accuracy due to a small number of features. Therefore, in this paper, when a user inputs a sentence using a QWERTY keyboard in a PC system, the function is subdivided by reflecting the characteristics of each finger and used for continuous authentication. The features extracted by reflecting the characteristics of the finger were subdivided into a total of 151 latencies, and Support Vector Data Description (SVDD), decision tree and CNN were used as continuous authentication models. Experimental data was collected through the user's input of randomly displayed sentences, and features were created based on this. User keystroke behaviour was used to validate the continuous authentication in the artificial intelligence model. Validation metrics included thresholds for classification accuracy (ACC), ROC curves, false rejection rate (FRR), equal error rate (EER), and false acceptance rate (FAR). As a result of the experiment, it was found that continuous authentication including the user's finger input pattern was superior to the existing method.
Indicators of educational services innovativeness in the university network-enabled environment

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The paper analyses competitive advantages of providing network-enabled educational programs. It also presents the peculiarities of IT penetration into HEIs. Knowledge management principles allowed to state goals and objectives for organizing University network-enabled information environment. The author offered a system of quantitative and qualitative indicators, and a methodology to determine educational services innovativeness. They enabled to analyze the innovation efficiency of â€œresources-processes-resultsâ€ pattern.
Screening Blood Donors for Hepatitis Virus

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

To the Editor:— I would like to comment on the article, Serum Immunoglobulin Levels in Blood Donors Implicated in Transmission of Hepatitis, by Bevan et al (203: 38, 1968). Certainly the development of a test for carriers of hepatitis virus is desirable, but to date all tests have excluded too many donors.1In the current article the statement is made that the number of normal donors who would be lost because they fall outside the 97.5 percentile would be small. The data given do not tell us how many would be excluded if elevation ofany oneof the three immunoglobulin (Ig) factors was used to exclude otherwise normal donors. This is definitely a pertinent question, and I believe it should be answered.
Effect of Konjac Mannan Oligosaccharides on Growth and Antibacterial Ability of Pseudosciaena crocea

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

[Objective]This experiment was conducted on Pseudosciaena crocea to study the effects of mannan oligosaccharides on growth and antibacterial ability. [Method]1 500 experimental fishes were divided into five groups. The control group( C) contained no mannan oligosaccharides,the treatment groups were contained 100,200,400,800 mg /kg of konjac mannan oligosaccharides in basal diet,respectively. The experiment continued 4 months. [Result]The results showed that Konjac Mannan oligosaccharides could significantly improve weight gain Pseudosciaena crocea. Compared with control group,Test 2 group intestine protease activity increased by 45. 74%,hepatopancreatic lipase activity increased by 31. 37%,amylase activity increased by 27. 16%. Comparison with the control group,the test group serum SOD activity was significantly higher than that in the control group( P 0. 05). Lysozyme( LZM) activity,spleen and serum test group was significantly higher than that in the control group( P 0.05). Pseudosciaena crocea were infected by Anguillarum,compared with control group,the survival rate is higher than that of the control group( P 0. 05) when the dosage of 200 mg /kg,400 mg /kg. [Conclusion]According to the test results,the Konjac Mannan oligosaccharides in the basal diet suitable dosage were 200 mg /kg.
Secondary Public Safety Answering Points Delay the Response to out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Background: National guidelines recommend that high-performing systems process 9-1-1 calls within 60 s and deliver the first telecommunicator cardiopulmonary resuscitation compression within 90 s. The inability of systems employing secondary public safety answering points (PSAPs) to capture the call arrival timestamp at the primary PSAP is a challenge in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest response time research.Objective: We sought to measure the interval from call receipt at primary PSAPs to call answer at secondary PSAPs in metropolitan areas.Methods: This was a retrospective observational study evaluating 9-1-1 call transfers between PSAPs serving large urban populations. Call transfer records were extracted from the 9-1-1 telephony systems at the primary and secondary PSAPs covering seven metropolitan EMS systems. For each transferred call, we obtained the call arrival timestamp at both the primary and secondary PSAPs. The primary outcome was the interval between these two times. Results were compared to a national standard of 90% of calls forwarded within 30 s of receipt.Results: Data collected at seven metropolitan EMS agencies from January 1, 2021, through June 30, 2021, yielded 299,679 records for evaluation. The median interval required to transfer a 9-1-1 caller from primary to secondary PSAPs was 41 s (IQR 31, 59), and 86 s at the 90th percentile. The 90th percentile performance level at individual agencies ranged from 63 s to 117 s.Conclusions: The primary to secondary PSAP transfer interval lengths observed in this study preclude these EMS agencies from meeting out-of-hospital cardiac arrest performance recommendations at the 90% percentile performance level.
Detecting autonomic dysfunction in patients with glaucoma using dynamic pupillometry

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract Autonomic dysfunction is a feature of glaucoma patients, which are reported to be related to glaucoma progression. We investigated pupil responses to a light flash using dynamic pupillometry in glaucoma patients to assess autonomic nervous system status. In total, 97 glaucoma patients, including 21 eyes of 21 glaucoma patients with cardiac autonomic dysfunction, were enrolled. Pupil reactions were assessed using 1 flash of white light after 2 minutes of dark adaptation and recorded using dynamic pupillometry. Changes in the radius of the pupil were evaluated as a function of several time-dependent and pupil/iris (P/I) diameter ratio parameters. Autonomic function was assessed using a cardiac heart-rate-variability test which performs 5 autonomic function tests and classifies patients with cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN). Comparison of pupil parameters between eyes with and without disc hemorrhage indicated larger P/I ratios in darkness, greater changes in the P/I ratio during examination, shorter latency to plateau, and shorter duration of constriction in eyes with disc hemorrhages. A comparison of pupil parameters between eyes with and without CAN showed larger P/I ratios in darkness, larger P/I ratios at maximum constriction, and prolonged latency to maximum constriction. The presence of CAN was significantly related to the P/I ratio in darkness and the latency of maximum constriction. Using dynamic pupillometry, we found that glaucoma patients with CAN dysfunction have larger baseline pupils in darkness and different constriction responses to light. Assessing the pupils might be a good method of identifying patients with autonomic dysfunction.
A load balancing with power optimization algorithm for container-based infrastructure management

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

With the latest advancements in multitenancy techniques and virtualization technologies, the emergence of a light weight virtualization, which is called containers virtualization, was inevitable. It allows the operating system to share its kernel among multiple applications in isolated sandboxes. Away from the success of container's virtualization, it still requires huge ecosystems that tackles the level of management complexities faced by cloud service providers. In the context of container infrastructure management, power optimization and load balancing become recently the main research topics. In this paper, a load balancing with power optimization algorithm is proposed. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm load balances the same load across fewer hosts with less power and inevitably outperforms other competitive algorithms.
Kinematic Modeling of the Main Solar Cycle

Field: Physics and Astronomy (Physical Sciences)

In spite of the great progress of solar physics research, complete understanding of the solar activity nature is still lacking. Although everybody can observe the obvious cyclical sunspot variation, recent models of the process can not describe it quite accurately. Thus the official forecast of the 23-rd solar cycle, mainly basing on the dynamical models and precursors, was not proved. Many official predictions considered that the cycle 23 will have an amplitude higher than the previous one. In this case statistical models were neglected as the less reliable but some of those kinematic forecasts are proved to this time. This situation makes evidence that we have to not ignore statistical approaches in the study of the solar behavior at the current stage of the knowledge.To search for other articles by the author(s) go to: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html
Compaction of agglomerated alumina powders

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

The synthesis and Clauberg activity of the 8-carbomethoxyoctanoate (IIe), 9-carbomethoxynonanoate (IIf), 9-carboethoxynonanoate (IIg), 9-carbo-tert-butoxynonanoate (IIh), 8-carboxyoctanoate (IIId), 9-oxo-10-diazodecanoate (IVd), 5-oxo-6-hydroxyhexanoate (Va), and 6-oxo-7-hydroxyheptanoate (Vb) esters of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone are reported and compared to the activity of related compounds.
A Study on Effects of Online and Offline Coaching for Aptitude and Reasoning at Kalaburgi District Karnataka State

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examines the effects of online and offline coaching classes on students' performance in aptitude and reasoning subjects. With these skills being crucial for various competitive exams understanding the efficacy of different teaching modes is essential. The research employed a mixed method approach including survey academic performance analysis and interviews with students over six months results indicate that offline coaching is more effective for fostering interactive problem-solving and immediate feedback which are critical in reasoning subjects. Conversely, online coaching offers flexibility and access to diverse resources, benefiting students who prefer self-paced learning Engagement levels were higher in offline classes due to direct interaction while online classes saw varied participation. The study concludes that a blended learning approach, integrating the strengths of both online and offline coaching, could enhance learning outcomes in aptitude and reasoning further research is recommended to explore long-term effects and optimize hybrid learning models.
Case Study: Constructivist Learning Following an Interdisciplinary Studio for an NGO

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In the wake of a 2014 wildfire that destroyed 150 homes in Weed, CA, Great Northern Services, a non-governmental organization, reached out to Cal Poly with a constructivist-learning opportunity. In response, students were recruited into an interdisciplinary studio where teams competed to design work-force housing for a new subdivision. The winning design advanced to the detailed planning stage. A separate trio of construction management students designed their senior projects around producing shop drawings, procuring materials, organizing equipment, prefabricating the winning design’s exterior walls and shipping them to the site. This case study documents the process and the lessons learned. In the end, two indicators of experiential learning, eight indicators of discovery learning, one indicator of problem-based learning, and one indicator of spiral learning were documented. Future research initiatives could quantify the efficacy of each constructivist variant; disaggregate these learning opportunities into smaller constructs with the potential to reach more students; and contemplate means of incorporating those potentials into either traditional classes or into integrated labs.
Recolonisation by nematodes of hot water treated cooking banana planting material in Uganda

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract In East Africa, the cooking bananas (Musa spp., AAA group, subgroup Matoke) are the major food crop. Yields are decreasing due to increasing damage caused by a complex of pests and diseases, including plant-parasitic nematodes. Planting of infected material is the principle means of dispersal for these nematodes. An option to control the nematodes in planting material is hot water treatment but the benefits depend on the rate of recolonisation. Therefore, on-farm trials were carried out at five localities representing Musa production systems in Uganda. Hot water treatment of planting material slowed down build-up of Radpholus similis at least until 30 months after planting. This was not only the case for the treated mother plants but also for the suckers that developed from these mother plants. A similar trend was observed for Helicotylenchus multicinctus. Hot water treatment also slowed down the build-up of Pratylenchus goodeyi but this effect was less pronounced.
SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE SEX PHEROMONE COMPONENTS AND THEIR STRUCTURAL ANALOGUES OF THE CLICK BEETLES AGRIOTES

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The wireworms (larvae) of click beetles (Elateridae) are widespread plant pests.Click beetle species Agriotes are the most harmful.So far attractant compositions have been suggested and developed for six most dangerous click beetle species, viz.Agriotes gurgistanus F.[" 2],A. sputator L.[>*), A. lineatus L. two subspecies [*~°], A. obscurus L.[s 7],A. ustulatus S.[® 9], A. tauricus Heyd.[!> 1" 12].The major components of the sex attractants developed are esters of terpenic alcohols, viz.geraniol, its Z-isomer -nerol, E-8-hydroxygeraniol, E,E-farnesol or its Z,E-isomer.Sex pheromone compositions obtained by chemical methods or on the basis of commercial products may contain impurities in various quantities, which may influence insect sex communication quite differently.Also, pheromonitoring by sex attractants of one species may affect the sex communication of other species inhabiting the same area.To solve these problems, we studied several pheromone components as well as their analogues and structural isomers that could be present in the synthetic sex attractants obtained by different schemes of synthesis or from commercial substances.The main synthetic path giving a mixture of isomeric terpene esters is based on the scheme of obtaining geranyl and farnesyl chlorides by haloalkylation of 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene (iso-*
Trust, Distrust, and In Between

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

The springboard for this paper is the nature of the negation relation between the notions of trust and distrust. In order to explore this relation, an analysis of full trust is offered. An investigation follows of the ways in which this “end-concept” of full trust can be negated. In particular, the sense in which distrust is the negation of trust is focused on. An asymmetry is pointed to, between ‘not-to-trust’ and ‘not-to-distrust’. This asymmetry helps explain the existence of a gap between trust and distrust: the possibility of being suspended between the two. Since both trust and distrust require reasons, the question that relates to this gap is what if there are no reasons, or at any rate no sufficient reasons, either way. This kind of situation, of being suspended between two poles without a sufficient reason to opt for any one of them, paradigmatically calls for a presumption.