jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Quirópteros do Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (Mammalia, Chiroptera)

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Bats from Pedra Branca State Park, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Mammalia, Chiroptera). A survey of chiropteran fauna was conducted during the period from March 1994 to May 1998 in Pedra Branca State Park, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro State. A tota l of 681 specimens of 24 species were recorded: Chrotop/erus auritus (Peters, 1856); Micronyc/eris mega/o/is (G ray, 1842); Micronyc/eris minuta (Gervais, 1856); Mimmoll bet/nellii (Gray , 1838); Phyllostomus hastatus (Palias, 1767); Tonatia . bidens (Von Spix, 1823); Lonc/wphylla bokermanni Sazima, Vizotto & Taddei, 1978; Lonchophylla mordax Thomas, 1903; Anoura caudifera (E. Geoffroy, 1818); Glossophaga soricina (Palias, 1766); Carol/ia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758); Artibeus fimbriatus Gray, 1838; Artibeus liturallls (Olfers, 1818); Artibeus obscurus Schinz, 182 I; Chiroderma doriae Thomas, 1891 ; Platyrrhillus lineatus (E. Geoffroy, 1810): P/a/yrrlúnus recifinus (Thomas. 190 I); Sturnira Iilium (E. Geoffroy, 18 10); VallJpyressa pusil/a (Wagner, 1843); Desl1/odu.\· rotulldus (E. Geoffroy, 1810); Diplzylla ecaudata Von Spix, 1823; Eptesicus brasiliensis (Desmarest, 18 I9); Myo/is nigricans (Schinz, 182 I) and Molossus !1/%ssus (Palas, 1766). One extern aI (forearm length) and 13 cranial meansurements were studied for 23 species. The meansurements of male and Female specimens were treated separately. Comme'nts about some taxonomic respects for some species studied are also included.
Supply chain management. Modelling collaborative decision

Field: Decision Sciences (Social Sciences)

This paper shows how enterprise engineering and integration (EEI) can help in the improvement of inter-enterprises business processes of established extended enterprise for supply chain, focusing in the modeling of collaborative decisional model. The study has been developed in the automotive sector, identifying the relationships between an automotive manufacturer (OEM, original equipment manufacturer) and its first-tier suppliers. To develop the study, we have considered the well-known EEI architectures such as CIMOSA and GRAI and particularly IE-GIP methodology (an extension of CIMOSA) and DAROMS methodology (an extension of GRAI).
Experimental validation of more realistic computer models for stent‐graft repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms, including pre‐load assessment

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Summary Although the endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms is a less invasive alternative than classic open surgery, complications such as endoleak and kinking still need to be addressed. Numerical simulation of endovascular repair is becoming a valuable tool in stent‐graft (SG) optimization, patient selection and surgical planning. The experimental and numerical forces required to produce SG deformations were compared in a range of in vivo conditions in the present study. The deformation modes investigated were: bending as well as axial, transversal and radial compressions. In particular, an original method was developed to efficiently account for radial pre‐load because of the pre‐compression of stents to match the graft dimensions during manufacturing. This is important in order to compute the radial force exerted on the vessel after deployment more accurately. Variations of displacement between the experimental and numerical results ranged from 1.39% for simple leg bending to 5.93% for three‐point body bending. Finally, radial pre‐load was modeled by increasing Young's modulus of each stent. On average, it was found that Young's modulus had to be augmented by a factor of 2. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prestretch potentiation of human skeletal muscle during ballistic movement

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The conditions associated prior to and during the transition from prestretch to shortering may have considerable influence on the final performance of muscle. In the present study male subjects of good physical condition performed vertical jumps on the force‐platform with and without preliminary counter movement. In the counter movement jump (CMJ) the amplitude of the knee bending, velocity of the prestretch and the force attained at end of prestretch were the primary parameters of interest. In addition the coupling time indicating the transition from the eccentric (prestretch) phase to the concentric phase was recorded from the angular displacement and reaction force curves. In the final calculation the mechanical performance parameters of CMJ were always compared with those of the jumps performed without counter movement. The results indicated in general first that CMJ enhanced the average concentric force and average mechanical power by 423 N (66%) and 1158 W (81%), respectively. This potentiation effect was the higher the higher was the force at end of prestretch (p<0.001). Similarly, the prestretch speed (p<0.001) and short coupling time (p<0.01) were associated with enhanced performance during the concentric phase. The average coupling time was 23 ms. The results are interpreted through changes in the prestretch conditions to modify the acto‐myosin cross‐bridge formation so that the storage and utilization of elastic energy is associated with high prestretch speed, high eccentric force and short coupling time. The role of the reflex potentiation is also suggested as additional enhancement of the final performance.
Effect of Palpable Udder Defects on Milk Yield, Somatic Cell Count, and Milk Composition in Non-Dairy Ewes

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

In non-dairy ewes, udder defects hinder the survival and weight gain of their pre-weaned lambs. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of palpable udder defects on milk yield, somatic cell count (SCC), and milk composition in non-dairy Romney ewes. Ewes with a history of udder defects or normal udders were selected for the study. Of a total of 48 ewes that lambed, 30 ewes reared at least one lamb, and were milked six times, once weekly, for the first six weeks of lactation. Udder halves were palpated and scored at each milking event. Multivariate linear mixed models examined the impacts of udder defects on udder-half and whole-udder milk yield, SCC, and milk composition (fat, protein, lactose, total solids, and solids non-fat (SNF)). Across the six examinations, 24.7% of the total 352 udder-half examinations were observed to be defective. Udder halves that were defective at least once produced on average 57.9% less (p < 0.05) milk than normal udder halves, while normal udder halves with a contralateral defective half yielded 33.5% more (p < 0.05) milk than normal udder halves. Successive occurrence of both hard and lump udder defect categories in an udder-half, udder defect detection early in lactation, and a high frequency of udder defect detection were all associated with udder-half milk yield loss (p < 0.05). At the whole-udder level, no differences in milk yield (p > 0.05) were observed between those with one udder-half defective and both normal udder-halves. However, udders in which one udder half was categorised as hard but progressed to lump and remained as lump until 42 days of lactation produced less (p < 0.05) milk compared with normal udders. With the exception of SNF, there were no significant associations (p > 0.05) between milk composition parameters and udder defect. Overall, these findings emphasise the importance of udder health in non-dairy ewes and the potential effect of udder defects on their lambs.
Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in El Salvador

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

The aim of the study is to understand the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) behavior and determinants among adolescents in El Salvador using data from a survey of 1,258 adolescents’ aged 10-19 and 12 interviews with representatives from the Ministry of Health (MOH), Ministry of Education (MOE), nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and United Nation (UN) agencies. The study found that adolescents were not educated enough on their sexual and reproductive health rights (SRHR), and have limited use of and access to contraceptives. Alcohol and violence were found to be associated with risky sexual behavior, requiring a multisectoral response from the government and civil society. Adolescents need to receive earlier and more accurate information on their SRHR; and this information should be disseminated in a way that empowers adolescents to make responsible decisions about their sexual reproductive health. The MOE can play a vital role in informing adolescents in this area, and adjust these programs when necessary. Further, the role of parents is critical, as the study found that adolescents are not receiving adequate and enough SRHR information from their parents. In addition, the MOH needs to offer adolescent-friendly health services, which includes trained health personnel. Although adolescents stated that the maternal and child health programs offered were satisfactory and the government has made an effort at educating adolescents on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), both the promotion of contraceptive methods and monitoring adolescent SRHR remain as key challenges to be addressed by multisectoral interventions.
Investigating Intersections Between Gender and Intimate Partner Violence Recidivism

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Abstract Mandatory and preferred arrest policies for domestic violence (DV) have led to an increase in DV arrests and prosecutions of male and female suspects. The strain of this increase on criminal justice resources suggests a need for prioritizing DV cases and determining suspects most at risk for recidivism and victimization. The present study sought to address a largely ignored question in the field of DV: who is more likely to recidivate, male or female DV offenders involved with the criminal justice system? Two forms of recidivism were coded using subsequent police reports for DV: recidivism as a suspect and recidivism as a victim. The results indicate that there are significant differences in the ways in which male and female DV offenders recidivate. Males were more likely to recidivate as a suspect and females were more likely to be listed as a future DV victim in police reports. Male and female offenders also significantly differed in the frequency of their recidivism. Gender, independent of other factors, was reliably associated with both forms of recidivism and a similar pattern of recidivism was found in two different cities. There was, however, a small group of female offenders in both cities who appear to be primary aggressors. Another grouping of female offenders appears to be involved in relationships characterized by mutual aggression and bi-directional violence. Together these two groups account for roughly a quarter of the women in our sample. The implications of the findings for arrest practices, treatment and interventions, and using gender as a risk factor are discussed. Validity and reliability problems with using police reports as a measure of DV recidivism are also reviewed. Key Words: Domestic violencegender differencesrecidivismfemale batterers
Retraction: Recent advances in total synthesis of protoberberine and chiral tetrahydroberberine alkaloids

Field: Chemistry (Physical Sciences)

Retraction of ‘Recent advances in total synthesis of protoberberine and chiral tetrahydroberberine alkaloids’ by Zhen-Xi Niu et al. , Nat. Prod. Rep. , 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4np00016a.
Evaluation of the Dairy/Yeast Prebiotic, Grobiotic-A, in the Diet of Juvenile Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Two different feeding trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with the dairy/yeast prebiotic GroBiotic-A (GBA) to Nile tilapia diets. A nutritionally complete basal diet was supplemented with GBA at either 1 or 2% of dry weight, and all three diets were fed to triplicate groups of juvenile fish in two consecutive trials. Trial 1 continued for 8 weeks, while Trial 2 was conducted for 5 weeks to more specifically assess immunological responses, intestinal characteristics and disease resistance of tilapia. At the conclusion of Trial 1, there were no differences in weight gain (WG) or feed efficiency (FE) among fish fed the three diets. However, fish fed the diet with GBA at 2% had significantly increased survival and noticeably elevated levels of plasma lysozyme compared to fish fed the basal diet or the diet with GBA at 1%. Similarly, at the conclusion of Trial 2, WG and FE were unaffected by GBA supplementation; however, fish fed the diet with GBA at 2% also exhibited elevated plasma lysozyme as well as significantly (P < 0.05) increased levels of extracellular superoxide anion production (EX-SOAP) by macrophages. Dendrogram analysis of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) images detected a significantly different microbial community within the intestine of fish fed the diet with GBA at 2% compared to fish fed the basal diet and diet with GBA at 1%. None of the experimental diets resulted in significant improvements to survival after exposure to Streptococcus iniae due to within treatment variability. However, fish fed the diet with GBA at 2% did tend to experience reduced mortality (12.5%) as compared to fish fed the basal diet (35%). Thus, supplementation of GBA at 2% of diet did alter the gut microbiota of tilapia and enhanced immunological responses and disease resistance to S. iniae.
The Last Witness: Testimony and Desire in Zora Neale Hurston's "Barracoon"

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Pushing open that gate with its "African" latch, walking up to that door and standing at the precipice, toes just barely peeking over the threshold, looking across a chasm to encounter the solitary person who has made the distance, who has survived the violence of the Middle Passage and slavery and who has persevered as an African in an American land. . . .
Using CLIL Principles Teaching Global Management to Low Proficient Learners

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

CLIL is a concept that has been around for quite some time but is gaining traction especially in Japan for various reasons. Given the main principles of CLIL, most advocates of this teaching methodology recommend targeting mid to upper proficient learners. With adjustments, this methodology can be used for lower levels as well. This paper outlines how CLIL was used in a lower proficient English Global Management class.
HSP27 in patients with ovarian carcinoma: still an independent prognostic indicator at 60 months follow-up.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cox-regression analysis found HSP27 to be an independent indicator of prognosis and survival in patients with ovarian carcinoma who had longer follow-up. Decreased HSP27 staining was related to decreased survival. This study confirms the authors' earlier report on the importance of HSP27 as a prognostic indicator in ovarian carcinoma.
The Art of Investing: The Secrets of Gold and Bitcoin Prices

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

<p>Market traders frequently buy and sell volatile assets with the goal of maximizing total returns. In the complex market, how to predict the general trend of the market more accurately, how to determine the buying point or selling point, to maximize the target income, is the primary consideration of investors more scientifically and reasonably. In this paper, based on the closing price data of bitcoin and gold on Nasdaq from September 11, 2016 to September 10, 2021,<sup>[1]</sup> we first build a LSTM neural network prediction model for sliding sequence prediction, on this basis, we build a trading strategy selection model based on nonlinear programming, and introduce Monte Carlo algorithm to optimize the solution.</p>
Updating the Quarantine Status of Prunus Infecting Viruses in Australia

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

One hundred Prunus trees, including almond (P. dulcis), apricot (P. armeniaca), nectarine (P. persica var. nucipersica), peach (P. persica), plum (P. domestica), purple leaf plum (P. cerasifera) and sweet cherry (P. avium), were selected from growing regions Australia-wide and tested for the presence of 34 viruses and three viroids using species-specific reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. In addition, the samples were tested using some virus family or genus-based RT-PCR tests. The following viruses were detected: Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) (13/100), Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) (1/100), Cherry green ring mottle virus (CGRMV) (4/100), Cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus (CNRMV) (2/100), Cherry virus A (CVA) (14/100), Little cherry virus 2 (LChV2) (3/100), Plum bark necrosis stem pitting associated virus (PBNSPaV) (4/100), Prune dwarf virus (PDV) (3/100), Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) (52/100), Hop stunt viroid (HSVd) (9/100) and Peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) (6/100). The results showed that PNRSV is widespread in Prunus trees in Australia. Metagenomic high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and bioinformatics analysis were used to characterise the genomes of some viruses that were detected by RT-PCR tests and Apricot latent virus (ApLV), Apricot vein clearing associated virus (AVCaV), Asian Prunus Virus 2 (APV2) and Nectarine stem pitting-associated virus (NSPaV) were also detected. This is the first report of ApLV, APV2, CGRMV, CNRNV, LChV1, LChV2, NSPaV and PBNSPaV occurring in Australia. It is also the first report of ASGV infecting Prunus species in Australia, although it is known to infect other plant species including pome fruit and citrus.
Political Participation among Muslims in Europe and the United States

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

In Europe and more recently in the United States, Islamic activities in public spaces from mosques to dress code have been increasingly deciphered as lack of civicness. The implicit assumption is that visible Islamic identities are inversely correlated to civic and political loyalties. Such an assumption is, however, not supported by surveys such as the Gallup polls of Muslim Americans (2011) and Muslims in Europe (Nyiri, 2007).KeywordsPolitical ParticipationCivic EngagementReligious PracticePresidential ElectionReligious ServiceThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Characterizing the Functional Importance of Actin Dynamics in the Nucleus

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Cytoskeletal actin is a well-established regulator of cell shape and movement. Actin is also actively imported into the nucleus, where it is directly implicated in transcriptional regulation. Yet, how nuclear actin functions is unclear. Unlike cytoskeletal actin, which polymerizes into filaments, there are no visible actin filaments in the nucleus. More so, controversy still surrounds the polymerization state and dynamics of nuclear actin. Here, we explore the functional role of actin in the nucleus and the effects of changing nuclear actin’s polymerization state. Specifically, we investigate how disrupting nuclear actin dynamics by forming nuclear actin filaments impacts transcription, nuclear organization, chromatin remodeling and class I HDAC activity, as well as the contribution of nuclear actin polymerization to the pathogenesis of intranuclear rod myopathy, cellular stress, and adenovirus infection.
Influence of Dietary Protein Concentration and Degradability on Milk Production, Composition, and Ruminal Protein Metabolism

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Four groups of cows in early lactation, each group containing one mature cow and three cows in first lactation, were in a 4 × 4 Latin-square arrangement of treatments for us to study influences of altering quantity of undegraded dietary crude protein and quantity of crude protein on milk production and composition.Diets supplemented with protein sources were 1) soybean meal positive control (22.7% crude protein), 2)whole cottonseed-corn gluten meal (14.7% crude protein), 3) extruded whole soybean (14.5% crude protein), or 4) soybean meal supplemented (15.7% crude protein).Concentrate and sorghum silage were fed in a ratio of 62:38 dry matter.Dry matter intake was not influenced by dietary crude protein concentration or source.Cows consuming diet 2 produced less milk, milk protein, total solids, and solids-not-fat than cows receiving diets 1 and 4. Efficiency of conversion of dietary crude protein to milk protein was highest for cows receiving diet 3 and lowest for diet 1.Trial 2, a 4 × 4 Latin-square trial for collection of abomasal digesta, had four ruminal and abomasal cannulated steers and the four diets from the lactation trial; the trial was to determine the influence of source and concentrations of protein on quantity of protein reaching the abomasum daily.Crude protein intake by steers fed diet 1 was greater than for the other three diets.Percentages recovery of
Study on the relationship between draft tube pressure pulsation and unit vibration based on mutual information method

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

Abstract Draft tube pressure pulsation, as a long-term phenomenon, affects the key to stable unit operation. Based on data from actual power plants, this study qualitatively analyses the relationship between unit vibration parameters and draft tube pressure pulsation under variable load. Then the nonlinear correlation coefficient of mutual information (MI) between draft tube pressure pulsation and external vibration factors is obtained by quantitative calculation from data analysis and probability statistics. The feasibility of this method is demonstrated, and it provides a basis for the subsequent prediction of draft tube pressure pulsation based on the external vibration factors screened by mutual information.
Fractional Extraction Process for Recovery of Pure Tar Acids

Field: Chemical Engineering (Physical Sciences)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFractional Extraction Process for Recovery of Pure Tar AcidsM. B. Neuworth, Vera Hofmann, and T. E. KellyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1951, 43, 7, 1689–1694Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50499a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50499a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts