jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Language, History, Ideology and Power Relations Used in Bullfighting Praise Poetry: A Case Study of Kakamega County, Kenya

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

Language is a people’s culture and it cannot be discussed singly without associating it to a certain community. The concept of bullfighting in the Isukha Community, Shinyalu Sub- County of Kakamega County in Kenya has a long history as it involves chanting of words that portray masculinity in this community. The Isukha praise poetry that is chanted during the Shilembe ritual and the indigenous sport of Mayo is one of the ways in which masculinity is portrayed during bullfighting. In this praise poetry, language, history, ideology and power relations are portrayed by the artists. This article highlights the application of the Masculinity theory and Critical Discourse Analysis theory in the analysis of the language, history, ideology and power relations used in praise poetry during the ritual of Shilembe and the indigenous sport of Mayo to portray masculinity. Praise poetry was used because it is a genre that is commonly used during bullfighting; it is unique and peculiar in this context.
Sustainable Futures in a Changing World – Reflections from the 5th International Conference on Sustainable Futures: Environmental, Technological, Social and Economic Matters (ICSF 2024)

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents an overview of the 5th International Conference on Sustainable Futures: Environmental, Technological, Social, and Economic Matters (ICSF 2024), held in May 2024. The conference brought together over 250 researchers, practitioners, and educators from 19 countries to share cutting-edge research and innovative solutions across a wide range of sustainability-related disciplines. The proceedings cover diverse topics, including climate change, disaster risk reduction, sustainable infrastructure, education for sustainability, environmental engineering, and sustainable business practices. Key themes that emerged include the integration of digital technologies in sustainability efforts, the impacts of global crises on sustainable development, and the importance of interdisciplinary approaches. The conference showcased both theoretical advancements and practical applications, with a particular focus on addressing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. This overview highlights the conference’s role in fostering global dialogue and collaboration to address pressing sustainability challenges and shape a more sustainable future.
Specification for Ring Bearing, Inner: For Needle Roller Bearing with Thick Outer Ring

Field: Engineering (Physical Sciences)

This specification covers inner rings for needle roller bearings having thick outer rings. The inner rings being specified are intended for use on unhardened shafts. Inner rings designed to this specification are intended for use in applications requiring high radial load with minimal angular shaft misalignment. Heat treatment and protective coating of the material shall meet the specified requirements.
Impact of confinement measures due to the COVID ‐19 pandemic on people living with dementia and their caregivers in Spain

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The COVID-19 pandemic has particularly affected people living with dementia (PLWD) and their caregivers, who have seen their access to social support services and opportunities for socialisation limited. The objective of the study was to explore the impact of COVID-19 on PLWD and their caregivers in Spain. An online survey was conducted between November 27, 2020, and January 19, 2021, that explored compliance with prevention guidelines, changes at the family level and in access to social support services. Instruments were included to estimate levels of anxiety and depression. The survey was answered by 229 people (161 current caregivers, 54 former caregivers, 13 formal caregivers and 1 person with dementia). Analysis of the current and former caregivers showed that they felt well informed, although they find it difficult for PLWD to comply with prevention guidelines. The use of social support services was reduced and the difficulty of access to social and health services increased, there was a negative impact on the economic situation and family relationships, with an increase in perceived overload. In addition, caregivers of PLWD scored above the cut-off points in the tests used to assess depression and anxiety, although the results of the multiple regression analysis do not allow us to conclude that the loss of resources influences the anxiety and depression scores. The negative impact of the pandemic on caregivers of PLWD is verified. It is necessary to adapt social support services and design strategies to maintain the provision of support to these vulnerable groups.
Treatment of Senile Osteoporosis in SAMP6 Mice by Intra–Bone Marrow Injection of Allogeneic Bone Marrow Cells

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Abstract A substrain of the senescence-accelerated mouse, SAMP6 (senescence-accelerated mouse prone 6), spontaneously develops osteoporosis early in life. Therefore, this strain is a useful animal model for developing new strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis in humans. We succeeded in treating osteoporosis in SAMP6 mice after the onset of this disease, using a newly developed method of bone marrow transplantation (BMT): Allogeneic bone marrow cells obtained from normal mouse strains were directly injected into the bone marrow cavity of irradiated SAMP6 mice (intra–bone marrow BMT [IBM-BMT]). After the treatment with IBM-BMT, hematolymphoid cells were completely reconstituted by donor-derived cells, and bone marrow stromal cells were also found to be of donor origin. The treated SAMP6 mice showed histologically-normal trabecular bone. In addition, bone mineral density and urinary deoxypiridinoline, a hallmark of bone destruction, were normalized. When the message levels of cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-11, and receptor activator of nuclear factor–κ B ligand [RANKL]) were examined, IL-11, RANKL (from bone marrow stromal cells), and IL-6 (from osteoclasts), which regulate bone remodeling, were restored to levels similar to those in normal B6 mice. These findings indicate that not only the hemopoietic system but also the bone marrow microenvironment were normalized after IBM-BMT, resulting in an amelioration of the imbalance between bone absorption and formation.
Development of radiographic classification criteria for hand osteoarthritis: a methodological report (Phase 2)

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Objectives In Phase 1 of developing new hand osteoarthritis (OA) classification criteria, features associated with hand OA were identified in a population with hand complaints. Radiographic findings could better discriminate patients with hand OA and controls than clinical examination findings. The objective of Phase 2 was to achieve consensus on the features and their weights to be included in three radiographic criteria sets of overall hand OA, interphalangeal OA and thumb base OA. Methods Multidisciplinary, international expert panels were convened. Patient vignettes were used to identify important features consistent with hand OA. A consensus-based decision analysis approach implemented using 1000minds software was applied to identify the most important features and their relative importance influencing the likelihood of symptoms being due to hand OA. Analyses were repeated for interphalangeal and thumb base OA. The reliability and validity of the proposed criteria sets were tested. Results The experts agreed that the criteria sets should be applied in a population with pain, aching or stiffness in hand joint(s) not explained by another disease or acute injury. In this setting, five additional criteria were considered important: age, morning stiffness, radiographic osteophytes, radiographic joint space narrowing and concordance between symptoms and radiographic findings. The reliability and validity were very good. Conclusion Radiographic features were considered critical when determining whether a patient had symptoms due to hand OA. The consensus-based decision analysis approach in Phase 2 complemented the data-driven results from Phase 1, which will form the basis of the final classification criteria sets.
Future outflows of toxic material from end-of-life computers in India

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents an approach to estimate the number of obsolete desktop and notebook computers and the quantity of various toxic components to be generated from these computers in the next ten to 15 years in India. This study indicates that with favourable government policies it will take 30 years more to achieve a computer penetration rate of 1 per capita. Long term equilibrium in computer penetration rate of 1.026 per capita in India will be achieved in next 32 years. Our results show that, 126 million units of desktop computers and 900 million units of notebook computers are expected to become obsolete by the end of year 2025. These results will help waste management authorities in planning appropriate infrastructure and facilities for handling, recycling and disposal of this hazardous waste. PC recycling capacity of approximately 1,045 million PCs is required by year 2020. This analysis does not address distribution of obsolete computers for reuse, recycling and landfill options nor their storage time, which is an important issue to resolve in the future.
Neoliberalization and Foundation Universities in Turkey

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Turkish higher education system is composed of a two-tier structure: state (public) universities and nonprofit foundation (private) universities.1 This dual structure was established based on changes in the Higher Education Act, following the 1980 military coup. The military intervention not only radically restructured the political arena by leading to the forming of a new constitution (1982), but also made the necessary policy arrangements for the integration of the Turkish economy integration into the global market system (Ercan 2005). One of the most important aspects of these policies was the transformation of the higher education system. This chapter provides an analysis of the emergence and the development of foundation universities (FUs) and examines their role in the neoliberalization of the higher education system in Turkey. To that end, the chapter is divided into three parts: first, a brief history of FUs in Turkey will be presented. Then, part 2 will analyze the first phase of the rise of FUs, which is the period between 1984 and 1999. Here, the basic characteristics of the first generation of FUs and the mechanisms employed for their integration into the neoliberal market system will be examined. The third part will focus on the second phase, the expansion period since 2000.
Hypercapnia impacts neural drive and timing of diaphragm neuromotor control

Field: Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

The neuromotor control of the diaphragm muscle (DIAm) in response to hypercapnia is not well understood. We show that both the number of motor units recruited and their discharge rates increase with hypercapnia, consistent with increased respiratory drive during hypercapnia. Potentially in response to this increased drive, the greatest effect of hypercapnia is on during the postinspiratory (descending) ramp of DIAm EMG activity, which shortens to facilitate higher respiratory rates.
Online distance learning: Quality characteristics and usability evaluation

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

A great deal has been written about the use of web-based technologies such as the Internet in promoting learning in education. In this paper, we seek to understand the quality characteristics of online distance learning from the perspectives of instructor and student, and also to evaluate the usability of the learning mode. The findings of the study suggest instructor characteristics and student characteristics play significant roles in the student application of online distance learning. In addition, the application of the learning mode has also resulted in increasing effectiveness of student learning. We then offer research implication and suggest for future research directions.
Interdisciplinary Approaches to Deal with Alzheimer’s Disease—From Bench to Bedside: What Feasible Options Do Already Exist Today?

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in the western population. The incidence of this disease increases with age. Rising life expectancy and the resulting increase in the ratio of elderly in the population are likely to exacerbate socioeconomic problems. Alzheimer’s disease is a multifactorial disease. In addition to amyloidogenic processing leading to plaques, and tau pathology, but also other molecular causes such as oxidative stress or inflammation play a crucial role. We summarize the molecular mechanisms leading to Alzheimer’s disease and which potential interventions are known to interfere with these mechanisms, focusing on nutritional approaches and physical activity but also the beneficial effects of cognition-oriented treatments with a focus on language and communication. Interestingly, recent findings also suggest a causal link between oral conditions, such as periodontitis or edentulism, and Alzheimer’s disease, raising the question of whether dental intervention in Alzheimer’s patients can be beneficial as well. Unfortunately, all previous single-domain interventions have been shown to have limited benefit to patients. However, the latest studies indicate that combining these efforts into multidomain approaches may have increased preventive or therapeutic potential. Therefore, as another emphasis in this review, we provide an overview of current literature dealing with studies combining the above-mentioned approaches and discuss potential advantages compared to monotherapies. Considering current literature and intervention options, we also propose a multidomain interdisciplinary approach for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease patients that synergistically links the individual approaches. In conclusion, this review highlights the need to combine different approaches in an interdisciplinary manner, to address the future challenges of Alzheimer’s disease.
Q&A with Maria Chenoweth, CEO, TRAID

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

Facilitating the infrastructure for clothing reuse is a key strand of the circular economy. The UK-based charity TRAID has been working for over twenty years to address fashion’s negative impact by promoting the reuse of clothing through its network of innovative charity stores. Furthermore, TRAID funds global projects helping the transition to organic textiles and supporting the people who make our clothes. In this interview, Professor Natascha Radclyffe-Thomas of the British School of Fashion invites TRAID CEO Maria Chenoweth to share insights into the past and future of the UK-charity retail sector and the impact of TRAID’s pioneering approach to sustainable fashion and textiles.
Cellular collection by apheresis

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Cellular collection is an important and increasingly used apheresis procedure. These collections are performed by leukocytapheresis, a procedure involving the removal of a patient's or donor's white blood cells, and are used to collect hematopoietic progenitor cells, specific cell populations (such as T‐lymphocytes), and granulocytes. Hematopoietic progenitor cell apheresis and T‐lymphocyte collection are performed by procedures that enrich for mononuclear cells. Hematopoietic progenitor cells are used for autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, whereas T‐cell collection is being used increasingly in novel cellular therapy approaches and for donor lymphocyte infusions to induce graft‐versus‐leukemia effect. Granulocytes are collected from healthy donors to treat severe sepsis in patients who are refractory to antimicrobial therapies. Less frequently, cellular depletion of leukocytes may be indicated in leukemic patients who have severe hyperleukocytosis resulting in leukoaggregation and decreased tissue perfusion. In these procedures, establishing and maintaining adequate vascular access are critical prerequisites to ensuring a successful procedure. For most types of leukocytapheresis procedures, efforts should be made to ensure that they are performed using peripheral veins, and the use of an intravascular access device should be considered only after it is determined that peripheral access is not feasible or desirable. However, in some settings (such as in patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation), intravascular access devices are often used to facilitate both the leukocytapheresis procedure and the subsequent transplant. Here, different types of vascular access approaches used in cellular collections are discussed, and this information is supplemented by the author's experience and practice in areas where published information is limited.
Hospital Collaborative Creates Tools to Help Reduce Medication Errors

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Bibliographical Research on 'Musim' Presented by Baegun Hwasang

Field: Arts and Humanities (Social Sciences)

백운화상이 제시한 ‘무심(無心)’에 관하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, ‘無心’을 우리말로 번역할 때에는 ① ‘마음씀이 없음’, ② ‘마음이라 할 것도 없음’, ③ ‘마음 없음’ 등으로, 해당 게송(偈頌) 등의 문맥에 따라 옮기는 것이 합리적이다. 둘째, 백운화상의 無心은 ‘평상시의 일없는 마음(平常無事底心: 平常心)’이며 ‘내려놓음(放下着)’이면서 동시에 ‘깨달음의 성품(眞如之性)’을 의미한다. 이러한 無心은 달마조사의 ‘사람의 마음을 곧장 가리켜 자신의 성품을 꿰뚫어 보아 깨달음을 얻음(直指人心 見性成佛)’ 및 석가모니의 ‘내려놓음(放下着)’ 게송에 계합(契合)하고 있다. 그리하여 이 無心은 ‘구하거나 집착하는 마음씀이 없음’이며 “평상시의 일없는 마음으로, 일상생활에서 몸과 마음을 놓아버리고(放下着) 다만 ‘마음씀이 없음(無心)’이기만 하면, 저절로 깨달을 것이다”라고 경험적 깨달음을 제시하고 있음을 파악하였다. 셋째, 백운화상의 無心을 「직지」에 수록된 ‘과거7불’ 및 ‘서천 6조사’ 등의 게송 내용과 비교분석한 결과, 석가모니의 ‘방하착’ 및 서천조사 등의 ‘즉비(卽非)의 중도적 관점’ 등의 사상을 견지(堅持)하고 있음을 확인하였다. 그러므로 ‘無心’을 특히 강조한 백운화상의 ‘무심선’은 달마선종이나 육조혜능의 선법(禪法) 및 임제종 조사선(祖師禪)의 본질을 가장 명확하게 계승하여 밝힌 선법임을 파악하였다.
Pension discount rate, executive stock-based compensation and investor sentiment

Field: Economics, Econometrics and Finance (Social Sciences)

Purpose In this paper, the impact of stock-based compensation and further the joint effects of stock-based compensation and investor sentiment on pension discount rate choice is examined. Design/methodology/approach The hypotheses is tested using fixed effects models and instrumental variable analysis where pension discount rate is the dependent variable, and stock-based compensation and investor sentiment are our variables of interest. Findings It was found that pension discount rate is negatively associated with managers' stock-based compensation. Further analysis indicates that managers with larger stock-based compensation tend to adjust down their pension discount rates in higher (smaller) degree, responding to high (low) investor sentiment. Practical implications The findings provide important insights into how managers use pension discount rates to engage in earnings management. Understanding these relationships has implications for interpreting pension numbers reported in the financial statements and designing pension accounting rules that minimize the possibility that managers take advantage of the complexity associated with pension accounting to influence the reported earnings and executive compensation. Moreover, the findings suggest the need for increased attention from boards of directors, auditors and regulators to reported pension liabilities and service costs, especially for firms paying higher proportion of stock-based compensation to managers and during periods of high investor sentiment. Originality/value The findings contribute to the extant literature by identifying the joint impacts of stock-based compensation and investor sentiment as incentives for pension discount rate manipulation. The empirical results of this study also have important implications for corporate governance and regulation.
Anorectal pain, bleeding and lumps.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

The majority of first degree haemorrhoids can be managed by conservative measures alone. More severe degree haemorrhoids require surgical intervention with sclerosant injection, rubber band ligation or surgical haemorrhoidectomy. Initial treatment for anal fissure is with a high fibre diet, faecal softeners, topical local anaesthetic gel and glycerol trinitrate ointment. Botulinim toxin can be injected to create a chemical sphincterotomy, allowing healing. Chronic fissures produce intense and constant pain in the anal region and in these cases surgical sphincterotomy is often necessary to cure the condition, but can result in faecal incontinence. Anal cancer has similar presentation to haemorrhoids and carcinoma of distal rectum can initially present with a haemorrhoid, so the possibility of anorectal cancer should be considered in any patient presenting with haemorrhoids, tenesmus and change in bowel habit.
First records of the invasive aphid species, Aphis spiraecola, in Kosovo, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, the United Kingdom and Denmark

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

In the last few decades, the spiraea aphid (Aphis spiraecola Patch) has become a widely distributed pest of apple and citrus orchards across Europe. In our study, A. spiraecola was observed for the first time in Kosovo, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, the United Kingdom and Denmark, in apple orchards in the growing seasons of 2016, 2018 and 2019. The presence of A. spiraecola was also recorded on other host plants such as the quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) and Vanhoutte spiraea (Spiraea x vanhouttei) in Slovakia, and the quince, common pear (Pyrus communis Linnaeus) and firethorn (Pyracantha coccinea M.J. Roemer) in the United Kingdom. Based on the morphological characteristics and the sequencing of the DNA mitochondria! cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (COI fragment) barcode, our study confirms the presence of this pest in five additional regions in Europe.