jimnoneill/paper-to-field-training huggingface dataset:
Successful Treatment with Patisiran in Amyloid Polyneuropathy Harboring His90Asn Mutation in the TTR Gene

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (hATTR) is a multisystemic, rare, inherited, progressive and adult-onset disease, affecting the sensory-motor nerves, heart, autonomic function, and other organs. There are over 130 mutations known in the TTR gene. The His90Asn mutation has been previously reported in several reports, but its pathogenetic role is still debated. We report two sporadic cases of adult women with a heterozygous His90Asn mutation in TTR gene and neurological involvement extensively investigated. A typical Congo red-positive pathologic deposition of amyloid fibrils in the salivary glands was documented in one subject. Patients were successfully treated with patisiran with a good clinical outcome. These data support a pathogenetic role of His90Asn mutation in hATTR, and suggest early treatment in symptomatic carriers of His90Asn mutation.
INFLUENCE OF PHOTOPERIOD AND LIGHT INTENSITY ON UPTAKE OF RADIOPHOSPHORUS BY CHRYSANTHEMUM AND PELARGONIUM

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

The effects of daily photoperiod and light intensity on the uptake of radiophosphorus by Chrysanthemum morifolium ’Princess Anne’ and Pelargonium hortorum ’Irene’ were studied in controlled-environment rooms. The rate of P32 uptake by both species increased with increasing photoperiod over the range 9, 14, and 19 hr per day at an intensity of 1,000 ft-c. The rate of P32 uptake was higher when the 9- and 14-hr photoperiods were started 7 days prior to the application of P32 than when started concurrently with the application of P32. Plants of each species exposed to a 19-hr photoperiod had the same rate of P32 uptake regardless of when the photoperiod was started.There was a progressive increase in the rate of P32 uptake by both species with increasing light intensity over the range of 500, 1,000, and 1,500 ft-c at a daily photoperiod of 17 hr. It is suggested that increased P32 uptake with increased photoperiod and light intensity is related to increased supply of the photosynthate.At a time when normal flower bud initiation is known to occur in Chrysanthemum morifolium, the rate of P32 uptake increased.
Has Curriculum Closed the Test Score Gap in Math?

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

This study examines the extent to which convergence in mathematics course-taking behavior is responsible for narrowing the Hispanic-white and the black-white test score gaps during the 1980s. Mathematics curriculum is measured in detail using high school transcript data from both High School and Beyond and the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. After controlling for demographic, family, and school characteristics, changes in curriculum account for about 60 percent of the narrowing Hispanic-white test score gap between 1982 and 1992. However, the black-white test score gap did not drop significantly.
Follow-On Financings of Portfolio Companies: Issues for Investors and Start-Up Companies

Field: Business, Management and Accounting (Social Sciences)

Venture capitalists who invest in the first round of start-up companies eventually have to decide which companies they will continue to fund. A typical investor in these early stages, especially in medical device and bio/pharmaceutical companies, will expect to write off 20% to 30% of all investments. It is a much more efficient use of capital when this writeoff occurs after just one investment, when the dollars at risk are usually modest. In this article, the author describes the issues involved in making follow-on investing decisions and suggests how the process can work more effectively for venture capital partnerships and for portfolio companies. TOPICS:Private equity, portfolio construction, fundamental equity analysis
The Transfer of Power 1942–7. Volume IV: The Bengal Famine and the New Viceroyalty, 15 June 1943–31 August 1944. Edited by Mansergh Nicholas and E. W. R. Lumby. H.M.S.O.: London, 1973. Pp. xcix, 1295. £13.

Field: Social Sciences (Social Sciences)

The Transfer of Power 1942–7. Volume IV: The Bengal Famine and the New Viceroyalty, 15 June 1943–31 August 1944. Edited by Mansergh Nicholas and E. W. R. Lumby. H.M.S.O.: London, 1973. Pp. xcix, 1295. £13. - Volume 9 Issue 2
Lectin Histochemistry of the Glandular Part of the Gastric Mucosa of Zebra (Equus burchellii)

Field: Veterinary (Health Sciences)

The Fundic glands of the stomach of Zebra were histochemically analyzed by conventional and lectin histochemistry.The surface mucous cells (SMC) and foveolar mucous cells (FMC) were highly rich with glycoprotein (GPs) with oxidizable vicinal diols and/or glycogen and GPs with carboxyl groups and/ or GPs with O-sulphate esters.The GPs with oxidezable vicinal diols and/or glycogen were predominates in FMC while, the GPs with carboxyel groups and/ or GPs with o-sulphate esters were predominate in SMC.The glandular epithelium of the base region of the fundic gland was devoid of both types of the GPs.All mucous secretig cells (SMC, FMC, mucous neck cells (MNC) and glandular mucous cells (GMS) were highly rich with αanomer of the N-acetylgalacto-samine (α-GalNAc), N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and neuroaminic acid (NeuNAc).The SMC and FMC were devoid of α-D-glucose (α-D-Glc), α-D-mannose (α-D-Man), galac-Tose (Gal) and βanomer of the Nacetylgalactosamine (β-GalNAc).The parietal cells (PC) appeared to react with Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA), wheat germ agglutinine (WGA) and peanut agglutinin (PNA) indicating the existence of α-and βanomer of the GalNAc and NeuNAc.
Ultrastructural and quantitative studies of mammary tumor virus production in cultured mouse mammary tumor cells.

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)

Summary A whole-cell-mounting technique was successfully applied to the study of mouse mammary tumor virus budding from cells in tissue culture. The technique permitted the visualization of ultrastructural detail, including the cores and the surface spikes of budding virions. The latter are difficult to discriminate in thin sections. Budding mammary tumor virus was compared with budding murine leukemia virus. The latter lacked the spikes and differed from mammary tumor virus with respect to the assembly of the cores. Binding of specific antibody to budding mammary tumor virions was directly visualized without the use of conjugated antibody. The antibody binding was found to be specific since the antibody was bound only to the virus bud and not to other regions of the cell membrane. Binding was not observed with control sera. The whole-cell-mounting technique was also used as an assay for virus production in infected cells. It was found that the MMT/R-5 cell line contained a higher ratio of producing cells than the MMT (Sykes) cell line from which it was derived by alternate in vivo-in vitro passage in Amsterdam rats. As the cultures aged, the productivity of MMT approached zero while that of the MMT/R-5 cells increased.
Performance analysis of the TensorFlow library with different optimisation algorithms

Field: Computer Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper presents the results of performance analysis of the Tensorflow library used in machine learning and deep neural networks. The analysis focuses on comparing the parameters obtained when training the neural network model for optimization algorithms: Adam, Nadam, AdaMax, AdaDelta, AdaGrad. Special attention has been paid to the differences between the training efficiency on tasks using microprocessor and graphics card. For the study, neural network models were created in order to recognise Polish handwritten characters. The results obtained showed that the most efficient algorithm is AdaMax, while the computer component used during the research only affects the training time of the neural network model used.
Synthesis and therapeutic delivery approaches for praziquantel: a patent review (2010-present)

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

: Lipid-based nanosystems (LBNSs) formulations can be used to overcome the shortcomings associated with the use of praziquantel in the schistosomiasis treatment due to their amphipathic nature. This could be a promising vehicle for the delivery of praziquantel, which could in turn improve the bioavailability, as well as reduce the frequent dose of the drug and improve patient compliance. This may sustain the release of the drug and improve the rapid conversion of the drug into inactive metabolite due to rapid metabolism. Additionally, LBNSs approach could increase and improve the lipophilicity of the drug, which could make it easier to interact with the hydrophobic cores of the worm tegument.
[Priority research agendas: a strategic resource for health in Latin America].

Field: Health Professions (Health Sciences)

In the countries studied, development of the health research agenda was characterized by prior planning and appropriate organization to achieve - consensus-based outcomes. Nevertheless, the agendas were not used in national calls for research proposals, reflecting lack of coordination in national health research systems and lack of connection between funders and researchers. It is recommended that stakeholders strengthen integration and advocacy efforts to modify processes and structures of agenda-based calls for research proposals.
Adolescents with conduct disorder: does anxiety make a difference?

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Anxiety disorders (ADs) have traditionally been thought to protect against criminality. The present study examined 165 adolescents in treatment for substance misuse and 234 parents. The aims were to determine the prevalence of conduct disorder (CD) co-morbid with ADs and to identify characteristics that distinguished those with CD+AD, as compared to those with only AD or CD. Adolescents and parents completed diagnostic interviews and questionnaires. Official criminal records were obtained; 53.9% of the adolescents presented CD and 45% of them presented co-morbid AD. Adolescents with CD+AD, as compared to those with only AD, were more likely to have a record of delinquency, to have been maltreated by parents, and they obtained higher scores on the Psychopathy Check List: Youth Version (PCL:YV). Adolescents with CD+AD were similar to those with CD alone as to aggressive behavior, delinquency, substance misuse and PCL:YV scores. Adolescents with CD+AD engaged in violence and antisocial behavior similar to those with CD alone.
Parabolic flows on complex manifolds

Field: Mathematics (Physical Sciences)

We prove C ∞ convergence for suitably normalized solutions of the parabolic complex Monge-Ampère equation on compact Hermitian manifolds. This provides a parabolic proof of a recent result of Tosatti-Weinkove. Additionally, let X = M x E where M is an m-dimensional Kähler manifold with negative first Chern class and E is an n-dimensional complex torus. We obtain C ∞ convergence of the normalized Kähler-Ricci flow on X to a Kähler-Einstein metric on M. This strengthens a convergenc°e result of Song-Weinkove and confirms their conjecture
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of a New Paediatric Fixed-Dose Combination of Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Nevirapine in HIV-Infected Children

Field: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Life Sciences)

Background Alternatives to the available stavudine-containing paediatric fixed-dose combination (FDC) tablets are rapidly needed due to concerns regarding the cumulative toxicity of long-term stavudine exposure. We report the bioavailability and short-term safety of a novel paediatric FDC tablet of zidovudine (ZDV)/lamivudine (3TC)/nevirapine (NVP; 30/15/28 mg) in HIV-infected children. Methods In this Phase I/II open-label pharmacokinetic study, 42 children weighing 6–30 kg treated with NVP-based HAART for ≥4 weeks were randomized to receive the FDC tablets (GPO-VIR Z30) or the liquid formulations. Dosing was weight-based. Intensive 12-h blood sampling was performed after 2 weeks; subjects then crossed-over to the alternate formulation at equal doses and sampling repeated 2 weeks later. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by non-compartmental analysis. Buccal-swab samples were collected for cytochrome P450 ( CYP)2B6 polymorphism analysis. Results With the FDC tablet, the geometric mean (90% CI) area under the curve (AUC) for ZDV, 3TC and NVP was 1.58 (1.49-1.68), 7.78 (7.38-8.19) and 68.88 (62.13-76.36) μg•h/ml, respectively. Rules for NVP therapeutic inadequacy were defined a priori, and despite lower NVP exposure with the tablet ( P <0.001), the levels remained therapeutically adequate. ZDV AUC was similar between formulations. 3TC exposure was significantly higher with the tablet but comparable to historical data in adults and children taking branded tablets. While receiving the tablet, NVP AUC in children with CYP2B 516 GG (45%), GT (45%) and TT (10%) genotypes were 67.0, 74.5 and 106.4 μg•h/ml, respectively ( P =0.04). Conclusions Disparities in drug exposure between formulations were observed; however, the FDC tablet delivered therapeutically adequate exposures of each drug and could well play an important role in simplifying antiretroviral treatment for children.
Modeling of Carbon Monoxide Hot Spots

Field: Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)

This paper describes the results of a measurement and modeling study of carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations In the proximity of intersections. Analysis for model performance of paired observed and predicted CO concentrations are presented. Two methodologies of pollutant prediction were used: the Intersection Midblock Model (IMM) and a statistical multiple linear regression. The results showed that both methods underpredicted frequently and dispensed results that were site specific. In addition, correlations of IMM predicted concentrations to observed concentrations were poor (typically r2 values <0.25). Various explanations for this observation are proposed. The statistical approach exhibited an improved accuracy over that of IMM. However, some of the independent variables used might be difficult to obtain as a routine measurement, and use of a one or two independent parameter model yielded adjusted R2 values comparable to the r2 values observed with IMM. Based on these results, an Intersection model applicable under a wide range of conditions of traffic, meteorology, and geometry is not available. Research Is needed to develop one, since its use would often be called on in the development of air quality sections of Environmental Assessments or Environmental Impact Statements.
Complications of neck dissection at a tertiary level hospital: study of 30 cases.

Field: Medicine (Health Sciences)

Metastatic dissemination into lymph nodes of neck occurs frequently in head neck cancers which down grade the patient's curability and survival. Neck dissection is a curable option for its management. To evaluate the complications following different types of neck dissection. This cross sectional study was conducted among patients undergone different types of neck dissection due to cervical nodal metastasis and attended follow up during July 2010 to June 2011 in Department of ENTs and Head-Neck surgery Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Among 30 selected patient, 23 were male (76.67%) and 7 were female (23.33%), age ranged from 31-72 years (Mean=59.1±5.44). In different modalities of neck dissection 11 were modified neck dissection (36.67%) and 10(33.33%) were radical neck dissection. Common indication was carcinoma of unknown origin (66.67%). Involved neck nodes were commonly level II-IV (69.99%). Nodal stage was N2(50%) and N3 (40%).Common immediate complications were bleeding 03(10%), facial oedema 02 (6.67%) and thoracic duct injury 02(6.67%). Intermediate complications were seroma 05(16.67%), wound infection 04(13.33%) and chylous fistula 02(6.67%), Late Complications were hypertrophic scar 07(23.33%) and shoulder syndrome 06(20%). Proper indications, skilled surgery along with early recognize and treatment in both early and late manifestations of neck dissection preventing its grave sequence.
Chemical characterization of Patagonian shrubs with different herbivore preference

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

En el sudoeste de Chubut (Patagonia, Argentina), los arbustos proporcionan los sitios seguros para la instalacion de plantulas de la mayoria de las especies de la comunidad. Las distintas especies arbustivas estan sometidas a diferentes presiones de pastoreo ovino. Por lo tanto, el conocimiento de los mecanismos de respuesta de cada una de ellas ante ese disturbio es esencial para el diseno de sistemas sustentables de manejo pastoril de esos ecosistemas. En este trabajo se pusieron a prueba dos hipotesis referidas a las respuestas adaptativas y plasticas al pastoreo de los tres arbustos dominantes en la comunidad (Adesmia campestris, Mulinum spinosum y Senecio filaginoides). Para ello, se analizo la composicion quimica de dichas especies, bajo dos presiones de pastoreo, mediante la extraccion secuencial de tres grupos de metabolitos secundarios carbonados (MSC): aceites, fenoles y compuestos hidrocarbonados. Se encontro (1) que la especie menos preferida por los herbivoros (Senecio filaginoides) tuvo mayor contenido de las tres fracciones de MSC que las otras (respuesta adaptativa), y (2) que solo en Senecio filaginoides el contenido total de MSC, y en particular el de aceites y compuestos hidrocarbonados, aumento en funcion del pastoreo (respuesta plastica). La ausencia de respuesta plastica en terminos de produccion de MSC observada en las otras especies, podria estar asociada a la presencia de defensas fisicas (espinas).
An empirical study of anxiety, depression & post-traumatic stress after miscarriage and the implications for counselling

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

This research was designed to investigate the effect of miscarriage on the psychological health of women. Two hypotheses are tested. First, that miscarriage produces anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder at rates significantly higher than those found in the general population. Second, that certain life experiences or predisposing factors, when preceding a miscarriage, produce anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder at significantly higher rates than found in women who have not had such an experience. Data was gathered using two standardised and one purpose designed questionnaire. Women who suffered miscarriage were sent the questionnaires one month post miscarriage. A control group of women attending gynaecology outpatient clinics also completed the questionnaires where appropriate. The findings of the research are that there is significant evidence supporting both hypotheses. Miscarriage has a significant impact on the psychological state of women, here looking at anxiety, depression, intrusion and avoidance. Women certainly suffer from post-traumatic distress, and as this is a subset of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), further work may show PTSD to be of significance. There is a complex of predisposing factors which can point to vulnerability to such response, as well as factors which although unrelated might have been expected to be significant. Miscarriage should therefore be taken seriously as a psychological issue by counsellors, health professionals and society in general. Counselling should be offered and note taken of predictors of response, as well as of the individual's context and understanding of their situation. Cognitive concepts may well be important in understanding these psychological responses and in structuring counselling responses.
Identifying the Cognitive Mechanism Behind Breaks in Presence using Measures of Attention

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Presence is the perceptual illusion of non-mediation in virtual environments with breaks in presence (BIPs) marking events where the user’s attention is shifted away from the virtual to the physical environment. Using the concept of BIP allows to investigate specific episodes during virtual encounters, where the state of presence is interrupted. Orienting responses have been identified as a promising cognitive mechanism behind BIPs. However, the differences of orienting to narrative stimuli versus BIPs remains to be investigated. In the current study, we combined established psychophysiological measures of orienting (ECG, GSR) with psychophysiological (pupil dilation) and behavioral measures (STRT) of attention. BIPs are considered to elicit stronger orienting responses and require more cognitive resources. In an experiment, participants navigated through a virtual environment while having to react to narrative and external (BIPs) stimuli. While the data collection has been completed, results from the analysis will be discussed at the conference.
The Body and Performance

Field: Psychology (Social Sciences)

Abstract In this chapter, we explore various understandings of the body, including philosophical perspectives and information from cognitive science. Following a theoretical overview, we give examples of how an integrated, somatic approach to perceiving the body can be applied in sport and performance psychology. Much of sport and performance psychology seems to rely on both dualistic and cognitive approaches to understanding human behavior. We suggest that the perspective gained from the integration of thinking, feeling, and acting can enhance both research and application in the field. We offer specific examples of somatic practices that can be used in sport and performance interventions.
Effect of zinc oxide on liveweight, reproductive organ dimensions and spermatozoa production of Archachatina marginata during dry season

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)

Abstract Demand for Giant African Land Snail in Nigeria is so high such that it is very difficult to meet up with the supply as a protein source. However, during dry season, production at intensive level is often challenged with decline in growth and reproduction despite interventions to boost production. This study therefore evaluates the effect of zinc oxide on liveweight, reproductive organ dimensions and spermatozoa production of Giant African Land Snail ( Archachatina marginata) during dry season. Thirty-two (32) snails with an average weight of 100 – 180 g were used for this experiment. The snails were allotted to four different feeding treatments which included concentrate diet only, concentrate +10 mg/kg of zinc oxide, concentrate +15 mg/kg of zinc oxide and concentrate +20 mg/kg of zinc oxide, respectively. Each treatment contained eight replicates. After nine weeks, five snails were selected from each treatment and dissected. Variables monitored were: weekly weight gain, shell circumference, shell length and shell diameter. Other reproductive data collected after dissections were: organ weight, reproductive tract weight, albumen weight, ovo-testis weight, gonado-somatic index (GSI) and spermatozoa concentration. The result showed that dietary zinc oxide significantly ( P < 0.001) influenced feed intake, shell parameters, organ weight ovo-testis weight, albumen weight, gonado-somatic index, reproductive tract weight and spermatozoa concentration. Snailsfed zinc oxide supplemented diet had better shell measurements, organ weight, ovo-testis weight, albumen weight, gonadosomatic index and reproductive tract weight. Considering spermatozoa concentration, 10 mg/kg of zinc oxide inclusion into concentrate diet gave the highest concentration. The results of the present study showed that dietary zinc oxide positively influenced feed intake, shell measurements, organ weight, ovo-testis and albumen weight. Similarly, gonado-somatic index and spermatozoa production were also positively influenced. Therefore, 10 mg/kg inclusion of zinc oxide is recommended for better reproductive tract development, and spermatozoa production at the desirable economic level during the dry season production of Archachatina marginata .